WASHINGTON VOLUME II Illustrated PIONEER HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY CHICAGO -- SEATTLE 1926 S67908 Biographical A. H. B. JORDAN Among the men of ability and enterprise who have promoted the industrial development of northwestern Washington none is better known than A. H. B. Jordan, one of the owners and officers of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company and for thirty years a dominant figure in local business circles. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1865 and is a scion of one of the colonial families of the east. He traces his ancestry to the Rev. Robert Jordan, an Englishman, who established his home in America in 1639. His son, Dominicus, was born in 1664 and became the father of Nathaniel Jordan, born in 1696. Benjamin Jordan, the next in line of descent, was born in 1738 and fought in the Revolutionary war, holding the rank of first lieutenant in the Continental army. His son, Ebenezer Jordan, was born in 1764 and became the father of Charles Jordan, whose natal year was 1796. The latter was the father of Eben Jordan, who was born in 1835 and was long numbered among the leading merchants of Boston. He married Miss Ellen Bedell, who survives him and is still a resident of Boston. Their son, A. H. B. Jordan, was educated in the public schools of that city and for some time was connected with the wholesale woolen business. He afterward became interested in the manufacture of pulp and paper and lived for a number of years in northern New York. Later he was in charge of a paper mill at Johnsonburg, Pennsylvania, and in 1896 he came to Washington. He has since been vice president of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company and superintends the manufacture of its product. His expert knowledge of the technical details of the business is supplemented by executive ability of a high order and his labors have constituted a vital force in the development of one of the largest and most important industries of this part of the country. He also has financial interests and is one of the directors of the First National Bank. Mr. Jordan is a republican in his political views and was elected a member of the board of county commissioners, on which he served with credit for six years. Along social lines he is connected with the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf & Country Club. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. A man of broad experience and forceful personality, he has attained a full measure of success and is known and honored throughout the Sound country, for high principles have guided him in the varied relations of life. LYMAN E. LANSON THAYER Specific mention is made within the pages of this work of many of the worthy citizens of Snohomish county, citizens who have figured in the growth and development of this favored section of the commonwealth and whose interests have been identified with its every phase of development. Among this number stood Lyman E. Lanson Thayer, whose name needs no introduction to the readers of this work. His death removed from Everett one of her most substantial and highly esteemed citizens, and the many beautiful tributes to his high standing in the world of affairs attested to the abiding place he had in the hearts and affections of those who knew him and of his work and accomplishments. His eminently honorable and successful career was not all a path of roses, for in his early years he fought hard and with persistent determination to secure a foothold, his eventual success being the fruition of his own unaided efforts. He acted well his part in life and is eminently worthy of a permanent place in the history of this county. Mr. Thayer was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan, on the 23d of June, 1849, and was a son of Napoleon Bonaparte and Jeanette ( Johnson) Thayer, both of whom were natives of New 6 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY York state. The father came from a long line of sterling ancestors, the paternal line running back to 1632, when two brothers of the name came to the colonies from England, settling in Massachusetts. There they obtained one of the original land grants, and it is worthy of note that some of the descendants of these emigrants are now living on a portion of the original grant. Our subject's paternal grandmother, who came to this country from France, was a member of the Napoleon Bonaparte family. The father was interested in grist mills during practically his entire active career, except for a few years when he was engaged in farming in Wisconsin. Early in his boyhood Lyman E. L. Thayer went with his family to Wisconsin, where he passed his youth, receiving his education in the public schools of Wausau, Marathon county. He assisted his father in the mill for a number of years and then after his marriage, in 1875, engaged in the mercantile business in partnership with his father-in-law, James McCrossen. They met with fair success and continued in that business until 1892, when Mr. Thayer came to Everett, Snohomish county, and engaged in the grocery business, which he carried on for about ten years. He then disposed of that business and turned his attention to the real estate field, in which he achieved a very satisfactory measure of success, continuing in that line of effort up to the time of his death, which occurred March 11, 1918. On October 10, 1875, Mr. Thayer was married to Miss Ellen Isabel McCrossen, who was boy n in Dayton, Waupaca county, Wisconsin, a daughter of James and Cornelia ( Jones) Mc-Crossen. Her father was a native of New Brunswick and was of Scottish ancestry, while her mother, who was a native of New York state, was of Welsh extraction on her father's side and Pennsylvania Dutch on her mother's side. Mr. McCrossen was engaged in the lumber business during practically his entire active life. Mrs. Thayer lived in the town of Rural, Wisconsin, during most of her childhood, going later to Wausau, where she remained with her parents until her marriage to Mr. Thayer. To their union were born four children. Two died in infancy. McCrossen A. married Norene Dibb, of Snohomish and he died in June, 1926. He took over his father's grocery, which he ran for a number of years, and then became interested in mining and oil. They were the parents of four children : Ellen Jeanette, James M., Richard E. and Cornelia E., all of whom were graduated from the Everett high school, while Ellen Jeanette, who is now engaged in teaching, is a graduate of Washington University. The youngest child, Dr. Lyman E. Thayer, is an alumnus of the Everett high school and the University of Washington. He later matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the University of Southern California, from which he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and is now practicing his profession in Los Angeles. He has recently taken a year's work in the clinics of Europe. He was married to Dr. Catharine Boynton, a noted psychotherapist, and a native of Eldorado, Kansas. Mrs. Ellen Thayer has long held a prominent place in club and civic circles in Everett, having served for twelve years as a member of the first library board of the Everett public library, which was established in 1904. She was one of the charter members of the orphanage board, having helped to establish that institution, and is still rendering effective service on that body. She is a charter member of the Everett chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, is a member of the Women's Book Club and of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and is a benefit member of the Ladies of the Maccabees. Mr. Thayer gave his support to the democratic party and took an active interest in local public affairs, contributing in every possible way to the prosperity and development of his community. He was a member of the Universalist church, to which Mrs. Thayer belongs and to the support of which she gives generously. Mr. Thayer's standard was a high one and lie maintained it faithfully, being universally recognized as a splendid citizen, of lofty character and sturdy integrity and true to his ideals—such a man that the world was better for his having passed through it. EVERETT MARINE WAYS, INC. Among the business concerns of Everett which have enjoyed uniformly prosperous careers stands the Everett Marine Ways, Inc., which was established in 1907 by C. W. Durham, president and manager ; C. J. Whitney, secretary and treasurer ; H. B. Lovejoy and Harry Ram-well. C. W. Durham died in 1915, and his wife, Mary J. Durham, and son, H. I.. Durham, then bought the interests of the other stockholders and are now the sole owners. The Everett Marine Ways is engaged in boat and scow repair work and in the building of barges and boats up to one hundred and sixty-five feet in length and two hundred and eighty tons, also building tugboats. This company has made an enviable record in its line and has enjoyed a steady and continuous business, employing from five to fifty men, according to the season and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 7 volume of work. They have filled a number of large contracts, among which was the building of nineteen scows for the Weyerhaeuser Mills. One of these was built in twelve days, breaking all previous records for time. Each barge was of four hundred and fifty tons capacity and of unusual strength. The Marine 'Ways is well equipped in every way for the successful handling of its contracts and has gained a wide reputation for the efficiency and the promptness with which its contracts are performed. H. L. Durham was born in Saugatuck, Michigan, on the 28th of October, 1887, and is a son of C. W. and M. J. Durham, who came to Everett March 4, 1900. In 1907 C. W. Durham organized the Everett Marine Ways, to which he devoted his attention closely up to the time of his death, in 1915. He is survived by his widow, who still lives in Everett. H. L. Durham attended the public schools. At the age of twenty years he became identified with the Marine Ways and, as before stated, on the death of his father, he and his mother obtained control of the business, which he has since managed with ability and success. In 1910 Mr. Durham was united in marriage to Miss Coral Gill, who was born and reared in Everett, and they are the parents of a son, Charles Harold. In his political views Mr. Durham is aligned with the republican party, and he maintains a good citizen's interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of his city. A man of sound judgment, energetic methods and an agreeable manner, he has long enjoyed the respect and good will of all with whom he has been associated and is numbered among the leading business men of Everett. PETER A. CARLSON To the industrious and progressive class of farmers of which Peter A. Carlson is a representative is the present prosperity of Snohomish county largely due, and such men are clearly entitled to specific mention in the history of their county and community. Mr. Carlson is a native of Sweden, his birth occurring on the 16th of February, 1868, and he is a son of C. A. and Stina K. (Peterson) Carlson, both of whom were lifelong residents of their native land, where they passed away. The father was a farmer and lumberman. After completing his education in the public schools of his own country, the subject of this sketch was employed in various ways until 1891, when he came to the United States. He came direct to Snohomish county and at once went to work in the logging camps and shingle mills near Edgecomb. During the ensuing ten years he was engaged in the logging business in various parts of Snohomish county, but in 1901 he turned his attention to farming, buying eighty acres of land near Edge-comb. This land was covered with heavy cedar timber, and after building a house, Mr. Carlson went to work to clear the land, during which process he cut about twelve thousand shingle bolts. He now has about forty acres of the land cleared, the remainder being devoted to pasture. He keeps fifteen good Guernsey cows and a pure bred sire and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. His hay and root crops are abundant, and he also raises sufficient corn for ensilage. He built a good barn in 1902 and a silo in 1916, besides which he has made other substantial improvements on the ranch. In December, 1897, Mr. Carlson was united in marriage to Miss Garde Tolff, who was born in Sweden, and whose death occurred in 1907. To them were born three children, namely : Mrs. Ellen Tenall, who lives in Movo, Washington ; Mrs. Anna Waugsmoe, who lives near Arlington and is the mother of four children, Ellen, Jean, Esther and Ruth ; and Vern, who is at home. In 1908 Mr. Carlson was married to Miss Jennie Kallman, who also is a native of Sweden, whence she came to the United States in 1908. She is a daughter of Carl Kallman. Mr. Carlson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and is affiliated with Arlington Lodge No. 84, Ancient Order of United Workmen. Candid and straightforward in all his dealings, and possessing sound judgment in business affairs, he has earned the respect and esteem of all who have had dealings with him and has a host of warm and loyal friends. C. D. BURNETT C. D. Burnett is a member of the firm of Burnett Brothers, which was incorporated about 1898 and which conducts the largest chain of jewelry stores on the Pacific coast. He has served as manager of the Everett branch since it was established in 1922 and is widely known as an enterprising and prosperous young business man of the city. His birth occurred in St. Joseph, Missouri, in 1889, his parents being M. and Dora Burnett, both of whom are deceased. 8 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY The father passed away in St. Joseph, Missouri, while the mother departed this life in Seattle, Washington. C. D. Burnett acquired a public school education in his native city and was a youth of seventeen years when in 1906 he journeyed westward in company with his widowed mother, who took up her abode in Seattle, Washington. There he continued his studies in the University of Washington. Subsequently he embarked in the jewelry business in Seattle in association with his two brothers, Simon Burnett and L. H. Burnett. The firm opened its first jewelry establishment at Chehalis, Washington, in 1901 and now has the largest chain of jewelry stores on the Pacific coast, maintaining branches in Seattle, Everett, Chehalis and Tacoma, Washing-. ton; Portland and Salem, Oregon; and San Francisco, San Jose, Stockton, Vallejo and Hollywood, California. This is one of the largest corporations of the kind in the United States, doing a gross business of about two million dollars annually. The Everett branch, which was established in 1922, has remained under the efficient direction and control of C. Ii Burnett to the present time. In March, 1926, Mr. Burnett wedded Jean Wellandeer, of Seattle. He maintains an independent course in politics and is widely recognized as a public-spirited and loyal citizen whose influence is ever exerted on the side of right and progress. He served in the coast artillery for thirteen months during the period of the World war and is a member of the American Legion. Mr. Burnett also has membership in the Chamber of Commerce and in the Everett Golf and Country Club, while fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. MAZIE HUNTER, D.D.S. Natural talent and acquired ability have brought Dr. Mazie Hunter success as a dental practitioner, and in professional circles of Snohomish and northwestern Washington she is highly esteemed. She is a native of Nebraska and a daughter of H. F. and Emma (Harden) McGlaughlin, the former of whom was engaged in the lumber business for several years. Her parents established their home in Snohomish in 1922 and Mr. McGlaughlin invested heavily in real estate. He owns several residences in the town and derives a substantial income from rentals. Dr. Hunter attended the public schools of her native state and in 1908 received from Creighton University of Nebraska the degree of D. D. S., being a member of the first class graduated from that institution. She followed her profession in Nebraska until 1910 and then went to Idaho, spending twelve years in that state. In May, 1922, she came to Snohomish, Washington, and her large practice here is indicative of the confidence reposed in her skill. She has a comprehensive knowledge of the scientific principles underlying her work and her office is equipped with the most improved dental appliances. Dr. Hunter was the second woman dentist in this locality and is now the only one practicing in the county. She is an earnest student and keeps in close touch with the progress of the profession through her affiliation with the Snohomish County and Washington State Dental Societies and the American Dental Association. She is the possessor of a keen intellect as well as an attractive personality and fills an important place in the social life of the community, enjoying the esteem of many friends. KNUTE K. AALBU Knute K. Aalbu is well known in Everett as a member of the firm of Aalbu Brothers, which has been in continuous existence since 1909 and is successfully engaged in the manufacture of automobile bodies, also doing general blacksmithing, auto repairing and painting. When a young man of twenty-one years, Mr. Aalbu came to the new world from his native land of Norway. He was born in Trondhjem on the 16th of August, 1871, a son of Knute and Stuen Dorothea (Bakken) Aalbu, who were also natives of the land of the midnight sun. The father became a well known agriculturist there and passed away in his native country in 1887, when fifty-seven years of age. The mother is also deceased. Knute K. Aalbu was the fifth in order of birth in a family of ten children, and in his boyhood days he attended school in his native land, after which he started out in the business world as a clerk in the mercantile store of his brother. He continued to make his home in Norway until 1892, when he severed the ties that bound him to his native country and sailed for America, first making his way to South Dakota. In Irene, that state, he was engaged in the farm implement business until 1901, when he sold out and removed to Everett, Washington, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 9 where he embarked in the creamery business, establishing the first creamery of the city. He conducted his interests under the name of the Everett Creamery, Ice & Storage Company and thus instituted the initial enterprise of that character in his section of the state. For eight years he continued successfully in that business and then sold out, after which he established an automobile repair shop under the name of Aalbu Brothers, which firm has been in existence since 1909 and which from a small beginning has grown to large proportions. The enterprise is carried on in a building, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet, which K. K. Aalbu erected at No. 2927 Grand avenue in Everett in 1909. Employment is furnished to six men in the making of automobile bodies, springs and wheels. On the 22nd of October, 1904, Mr. Aalbu was married in South Dakota to Miss Hannah Bakke, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sten Bakke, well known in Yankton county, that state. Mr. and Mrs. Aalbu have a daughter, Dorothy Maud, who was born in Everett, February 18, 1906, and is now attending the University of Washington. In politics Mr. Aalbu maintains an independent course. While in South Dakota he served as the first treasurer of Irene, but he has never been a politician in the sense of office seeking. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, also holds membership with the Sons of Norway and is a worthy representative of his native land in the land of his adoption. A contemporary biographer said of him : "He has never had occasion to regret the resolution that brought him to the new world. He felt that opportunity might here be his and in the passing years he has wisely utilized every chance that has come to him, progressing step by step until he is today a substantial factor in business circles of Everett." His residence in the city covers a quarter of a century. JEROME A. POWERS Jerome A. Powers, a resident of Everett for nearly a quarter of a century, is president of the Farm Products Grocery Company. His birth occurred in Bureau county, Illinois, on the 8th of July, 1875. His father, John Powers, a native of the state of New York, came of Scotch ancestry, although the family was founded in the new world at an early period in the colonization of the Empire state by Cyrus Hailstone Powers, his grandfather, who came to America about 1800. John Powers removed to Illinois with his father about 1830, when sixteen years of age, the family settling in Indian township, Bureau county, where they owned an entire section of land. There John Powers devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits for many years or until called to his final rest. He wedded Eliza Partridge, a native of Vermont and a member of an old family of that state of French extraction. She passed away on the Illinois farm April 6, 1911, when sixty-seven years of age. In the family were eleven children. Jerome A. Powers was the fourth in order of birth, and he supplemented his district school education by study in the high school at Tiskilwa, Illinois, while later he pursued a course in Duncan's Business College at Davenport, Iowa. He was early trained to the work of the farm, remaining at home until twenty years of age, after which he entered upon an apprenticeship to the butcher's trade. He spent nine months in the employ of others and then engaged in business in association with L. B. Kirkpatrick at Des Moines, Iowa, where he successfully conducted a meat market for a period of five years. He then disposed of his interests in Iowa and came to the Pacific coast, arriving in Everett on the 28th of January, 1903. He immediately secured employment with the firm of Frye & Company and after five months established a meat market on his own account, conducting it successfully for three years. He next entered the real estate and insurance business, in which he also met with a fair measure of success. In 1913 he became general manager of the Farm Products Association, Incorporated, of Everett, dealers in groceries and feed. The business of that association had been in a state of decline and conditions connected therewith were very bad, but under Mr. Powers a turn for the better was at once taken and the business was developed into one of the leading retail mercantile houses of Snohomish county. Mr. Powers purchased this enterprise in April, 1922, and changed its name to the Farm Products Grocery Company. He utilizes two delivery wagons in the conduct of the business and furnishes employment to from ten to seventeen people. The building of the Farm Products Grocery Company, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions, stands at the corner of California and Lombard streets in Everett. Mr. Powers was married in 1923 in Olympia, to Helen Maryott, of Everett. In politics Mr. Powers is a republican and has always taken an active interest in political affairs, doing everything in his power to promote the growth and insure the success of his party. In 1907 and 1908 he filled the office of city councilman in Everett. He has membership in the Chamber of Commerce, while fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. 10 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY A contemporary biographer said of Mr. Powers : "His has been a well spent life which has commanded for him the respect and good will of those with whom he has been brought in contact. His success has been due to his own efforts. From the age of twenty he has made his own way in the world, early coming to realize the value of industry and perseverance, and as time has passed he has wisely used his chances and his opportunities." JOHN TAYLOR McCHESNEY John Taylor McChesney was born in Staunton, Virginia, in 1857. His father was a physician whose fortune was wiped out in the Civil war, Staunton being in the center of the district over which the northern and southern armies fought. Mr. McChesney received a master's degree from Washington and Lee University and without a single resource at his command other than his own ability and courage, left his home. He associated himself in a traveling capacity with the McCormick Harvester Company, afterward the International Harvester Company, and later went to Aberdeen, South Dakota, where he resided for some time. Early in his residence in Aberdeen he established the First National Bank of Aberdeen and was its first president. He was also honored by the electors of the South Dakota city, who chose him mayor. Mr. McChesney was married while a resident of Aberdeen, to Miss Clara A. Brooks of Burlington, Iowa. Later Mr. McChesney left Aberdeen and arranged to take over the management of the syndicate then interested in the Chattanooga, Tennessee, townsite. He lived in Chattanooga, actively and successfully promoting his company's interests. At a later date he removed to New York city, where he engaged in several other enterprises. In the fall of 1899 Mr. McChesney came to Everett, Washington, at the request of his close friend, James J. Hill, who had been impressed with the marked organizing ability of Mr. McChesney, particularly with reference to his development work at Chattanooga, and wanted him to take charge of similar work in Everett. The Everett Improvement Company was organized to take over the holdings of the old Everett Land Company, in which Hoyt & Colby, the New York financiers, had been so heavily interested, and Mr. McChesney became its active manager. A few years after coming to the Everett townsite, Mr. Hill asked him to take over the Everett Improvement Company and its holdings and the transfer was effected. The work of putting Everett on its feet was undertaken immediately. Mr. McChesney arrived in Everett at a critical moment in the city's history. The early boom had collapsed, leaving prostrate all the splendid work that had been done by the early pioneers. The financial panic had hit the city a terrible blow. People were moving out and the population was decreasing alarmingly, and business was wholly at a standstill. The organizing genius of Mr. McChesney helped revive the lagging spirits of the business men and with him at the helm, aided by the splendid leadership and cooperation of others who had cast their lot in Everett, the city did a right about face and has been on the upward trend ever since. Local utilities, fundamental needs in every growing, thriving municipality, early occupied the attention of Mr. McChesney. He took over the water company, reorganized it and put it on its feet, retaining ownership until a few years ago when the city bought out all his holdings. The electric light and power system and the trolley lines, he purchased, rehabilitated and operated until the Puget Sound International Railway & Power Company bought them outright. For some years he actively managed not only these utilities, but the Improvement Company business as well, having an unusual capacity for work and exceptional executive ability. He organized the American National Bank and was its president until it was consolidated with the First National Bank. He built the American Bank building, the Everett Improvement dock, the Everett Theatre and contributed largely to other Everett enterprises. No man in the country perhaps was on more intimate terms with the empire builder, James J. Hill. It has been said that Mr. McChesney was closer in the counsels of Mr. Hill than any man on the payroll of the entire Great Northern Railroad system. He had a remarkably wide acquaintance with the nation's leading business men and was continually the source of pleasing surprises to his Everett friends. Mr. McChesney was generous in his benefactions, when convinced a cause was worthy. In addition to his many business enterprises, Mr. McChesney was a member of a number of social organizations. Notable among them are the Cascade Club, the Rotary Club, and the Elks of Everett ; the Rainier Club, Seattle ; the Everett Golf & Country Club; the Seattle Golf & Country Club ; the Minnesota Club of St. Paul; the Southern Society, and several exclusive New York clubs. JOHN T. McCHESNEY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 13 With the passing away of Mr. McChesney in September, 1922, Everett lost a valuable citizen, a man whose name will always remain inseparably connected with the growth and development of Everett. He left his mark on this city and on the northwest for he was one of the builders of this northwest country. He was a pioneer in the sense that the organizer and the man with vision has his very important part to play as well as he who bears the physical hardships of pioneering. In the death of John T. McChesney, Everett suffered a real loss. Surviving Mr. McChesney are Mrs. McChesney and these children : Frank W. McChesney, of Everett ; Virginia, wife of Henry Pepper Scott, Jr., of Wilmington, Delaware : Ruth, wife of Muir Bethune Duffield, of Detroit, Michigan; ten grandchildren ; and two brothers and three sisters. MATHIAS H. FORDE Mathias H. Forde has been an active and successful representative of the legal profession in Everett during the past decade, maintaining well appointed offices in the Stokes building. A native son of Norway, he was born on the 21st of September, 1883, his parents being Hans and Louise Forde, both of whom are deceased. The father was a military man. M. H. Forde obtained his early education in the public schools of his native land. He was a youth of seventeen years when in 1901 he emigrated to America, locating in Seattle, Washington. His studies were continued in the Pacific Lutheran Academy and Business College at Parkland, which he attended for four years, while subsequently he entered the State University, and then the law department of the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1914, after having worked his way through college. It was in February, 1916, that he began the practice of his chosen profession in the Stokes building in Everett, where he has remained a member of the bar to the present time and where he has gained an enviable and well merited reputation for marked ability in the work of the courts. For a period of two years, from 1921 until 1923, he served as deputy prosecuting attorney under Thomas Stiger, while from 1923 until 1925 he filled the position of chief deputy attorney under C. T. Roscoe. His practice is extensive and of an important character, and he is remarkable among lawyers for the wide research and provident care with which he prepares his cases. At no time has his reading ever been confined to the limitations of the questions at issue. It has gone beyond and compassed every contingency and provided not alone for the expected but for the unexpected as well. In 1918 Mr. Forde was united in marriage to Lena Larsen, of Seattle. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and he also belongs to the Sons of Norway, of which he served as vice president prior to becoming president in July, 1925. He is likewise affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, of which lie is a past chancellor commander, and is a royal prince of the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan. Mr. Forde is a past president of the Everett Norwegian Male Chorus and was president of the Pacific Coast Norwegian Singers Association in 1922, in which year he conducted the Sangerfest at Everett, there being three hundred male voices. He has membership in the Chamber of Commerce and has taken an active part in the public affairs of his community, having served for four years as secretary of the Snohomish county republican central committee. He is a man of genial and pleasing personality and great strength of character and is held in high confidence and esteem by his fellow citizens. JOE P. ANDERSON Untiring industry, perseverance and sound judgment have characterized the career of Joe P. Anderson, whose fine dairy farm is located in the Arlington district of Snohomish county, and he is well deserving of the splendid success which has come to him. Mr. Anderson is a native of Sweden, born in 1890, and is son of Peter and Josephine (Hanson) Johanson, both of whom are deceased. He spent his youth on the home farm and attended the public schools. In March, 1909, he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to Snohomish county, where he worked out for about a year. In 1910 he bought twenty acres of land on the Arlington highway. He cleared away the stumps and brush which encumbered it and has created a good and productive farm, on which he is conducting a prosperous dairy business, keeping a number of good grade cows. He has devoted himself closely to his own affairs and has honestly earned every dollar which he possesses. 14 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1917 Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Bettie Anderson, whose death occurred not long afterward. He is a member of the Grange, the Snohomish County Dairy Association and the Cooperative Store Association of Marysville. He gives his political support to the republican party and takes a commendable interest in the general welfare of the community. Because of his earnest and consistent life and his fine personal qualities, he is deservedly well liked. Our subject's brother, John Anderson, was born in Sweden on the 16th of April, 1882, and came to Snohomish county in 1903. Four years after coming here he worked out in this locality and then for four years farmed on rented land. In 1910 he bought forty acres of stump land, which he has cleared and put into cultivation, and is now operating a prosperous dairy- business, keeping a splendid herd of pure bred Holstein cows. In 1918 he was married to Miss Signa Peterson, who was born in Norway, and to them have been born two children, Morris Guleen and Alice Unette. Mr. Anderson is a republican in his political views and is a member of the Grange and the Snohomish County Dairy Association. He is a hard-working and energetic man, friendly in manner, and is highly respected throughout the community. C. M. JENTOFT C. M. Jentoft, well known realtor, is numbered among the enterprising, progressive and successful young business men of Everett. His birth occurred at Rhinelander, Wisconsin, on the 23rd of December, 1898, his parents being Hartwig and Magne Jentoft, both of whom are deceased. His early education was supplemented by courses of study in the Green Bay Business College and in the Wausau Business College. Mr. Jentoft was a young man of twenty-six years when in 1924 he arrived in Everett, Washington, to manage the estate of his uncle, P. M. Gavelstad, who had come to the city in 1901 and here turned his attention to the real estate and insurance business. Mr. Gavelstad, who passed away in 1924, was also secretary and treasurer of the Everett Pacific Fisheries. Mr. Jentoft proved himself well qualified to handle the affairs of his uncles estate. He possesses a thorough knowledge of realty values and conditions and is meeting with well merited success in the conduct of his interests. In May, 1922, Mr. Jentoft was united in marriage to Bertha Kopeschke, a native of Wisconsin, who was a teacher in Minnesota prior to becoming a bride. To them has been born a son, Carl Richard. In politics Mr. Jentoft maintains an independent attitude, believing that the qualifications of a candidate are of more importance than his party affiliation. In 1917, when the United States became involved in the World war, he enlisted in the National Guard and for fourteen months fought at the front with the Thirty-second Division, participating in the Marne, Chateau Thierry, Alsace and other engagements. He was in a hospital for three years. Mr. Jentoft has membership in the American Legion and also belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Sons of Norway and the Exchange Club of Everett. C. W. BROKAW A product of the west, C. W. Brokaw typifies its spirit of progress and ably guides the destiny of the Bank of Stanwood, which for more than twenty years has exerted a strong force in the upbuilding and advancement of this locality. He was born in 1892 and is a native of Red Bluff, California. His parents were W. C. and Mamie (Hall) Brokaw, the former of whom was born in Ohio and the latter in Illinois. His father was appointed northwestern agent for the Lombard Investment Company and came to Stanwood about 1884. He was afterward associated with W. R. Stockbridge, a grain dealer of Stanwood, and also handled real estate, insurance and loans. In 1890 he went to California, locating on a fruit ranch, and for seven years his attention was devoted to horticultural pursuits. In 1899 he returned to Stanwood and resumed his activities in the real estate and grain business. He also entered the logging industry and later became one of the founders of the bank now controlled by his son. He was an adherent of the republican party and a strong supporter of its candidates and principles but not an office seeker. He was a man of high moral character and of marked business ability. In 1920 he was removed from his sphere of usefulness and his widow is now residing in California. C. W. Brokaw attended the public schools of Stanwood and his higher education was acquired in the University of Washington, from which he received the degree of Civil Engineer in 1915. Later he took a postgraduate course in the commercial department of the university in preparation for a financial career and was connected with the Bank of Stanwood HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 15 until 1917, when he enlisted in the army for service in the World war. He was assigned to duty at Fortress Monroe, acting as artillery instructor, and after receiving his honorable discharge resumed his financial activities. The Bank of Stanwood was established August 8, 1904, as a state bank with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, and Henry C. Anderson was the first president. W. C. Brokaw filled the position of cashier, and Peter Legue was made vice president, but passed away soon afterward. They erected a substantial building, in which the business has since been conducted, and this was the first bank in Stanwood. Henry C. Anderson died in 1914 and W. C. Brokaw, who had been active as manager, was called to the presidency. In 1916 C. W. Brokaw was made cashier and filled the position until he entered the army, when his place was taken by O. E. Thompson. In 1919 C. W. Brokaw succeeded his father as president and under his wise guidance the business is constantly expanding. He has inherited the executive capacity and financial acumen of his father, and his associates have the utmost confidence in his judgment and probity. D. G. Bennie acts as vice president and among the directors are George M. Mitchell, William G. Hanson and F. H. Giard. All are capable business men of high standing and the last named has been a director during the entire period of the bank's existence. It is one of the old and reliable moneyed institutions of the county and the spirit behind the service of the bank is one of helpfulness. In 1919 Mr. Brokaw married Miss Nettie Juleen, of Mount Vernon, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, William. Mr. Brokaw is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and past commander of Mount Vernon Commander}. He is allied with the republican party but has never entered politics. His interest in the growth and progress of the community is deep and sincere, and that he is a young man of exemplary character is indicated by the place which he holds in the esteem of the citizens of Stanwood, with whom much of his life has been spent. NATIONAL POLE COMPANY One of the most unique and important concerns in Everett is the National Pole Company, whose plant is the largest of its kind in the world. The business as taken over by this company April 25, 1907, was formerly conducted by the Pittsburgh and Lake Superior Iron Company, which established the plant here in 1906. The treating plant was built at Everett in 1915 by Winslow & Hamilton as the Washington Creosote Company but was soon afterward bought by the National Pole Company, which has operated it since that time. The plant has a capacity of fourteen thousand poles a month, and the firm employs seventy men at the Everett plant. The National Pole Company, sellers of cedar poles, posts, ties and piling, has its general offices at Escanaba, Michigan, and has twelve branch offices and yards throughout the country. Their stock is sold all over the world, though naturally the greater part of it is used in this country. Otto Hanson was the first manager of the Everett office but is now western manager. with headquarters at Spokane, being succeeded at Everett by H. C. Nelson, who is still managing the Everett branch. The United States department of agriculture, after a long series of tests and observations, has declared officially that under all soil and climatic conditions cedar ranks first in durability for posts and poles. The greatest problem in connection with the use of poles is the destructive action of water, soil and air where these three elements meet at the ground line, so that where there has been a reduction in measurement at the ground line through decay it has been the general practice to cut off these poles at that point and reset them in other lines. In late years, however, a treatment has been devised whereby the ground line portion of the pole is made to last as long as the balance of the pole, and in the treating of cedar poles in this way the National Pole Company is by far the largest concern in the world. A pioneer in the production and distribution of cedar poles, the National Pole Company early in its history recognized as vital the need of an unfailing source of supply, and, to fulfill this need, the company purchased vast tracts of timber lands through the northern sections of Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, and extending eastward to the Atlantic coast, for the production of northern white cedar, and through its various contractors has secured vast stretches of virgin forests through Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and British Columbia for the production of western red cedar. From the millions of feet of timber felled, only the choicest of the cedar cuttings are selected as being worthy of receiving the National Pole Company's stamp, which appears on the butt of every pole. In recent years various treatments have been given to poles and posts, which have been more or less successful, but it remained for the National Pole Company, through its department of preservation and research, to work out along scientific lines the most effective process 16 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of preservation, one of the outstanding features of which is the improved method used to penetrate the sapwood of the cedar for the proper and uniform absorption of the preservative. This improved treatment has been investigated by the engineers of the largest public service corporations and pronounced the greatest advance and most scientific development yet made in the preservative treatment of pole timber. After this preparation, the butt ends of the poles are immersed to the proper depth in heated creosote, the poles first having been thoroughly seasoned. After the timber is heated for a period of from four to eight hours, depending on the specification called for on the particular order, the hot preservative is withdrawn and cold preservative introduced into the tanks. This change of temperature causes a contraction of the expanded air in the cells of the wood, which in turn- forms a vacuum, drawing the surrounding preservative well into the timber. The huge tanks of the National Pole Company each holds a carload and a half of poles. An extended test by the United States department of agriculture and the American Telephone and Telegraph Company has led to the conservative estimate that places the life of the National Pole Company's treated cedar poles at thirty years. The pride of the company in a perfect product is exemplified in its brand, burned into every pole at a point ten feet from the butt, with the date of the year of treatment, which brand acts not only as a guarantee of quality, but makes an excellent setting record. H. C. Nelson was born and reared in Marquette county, Michigan. He secured his educational training in the public schools of that locality and then took a six weeks' course in a business college. In 1909 he came to Everett as bookkeeper for the National Pole Company and was made local manager in 1915, while in 1922 his efficient service was recognized in his appointment as district manager, which position he is now filling. In 1907 Mr. Nelson was united in marriage to Miss Lucile Carroll, who was born and reared in Escanaba, Michigan. Politically Mr. Nelson is a stanch supporter of the republican party and takes a keen interest in public affairs. He is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and belongs to the Cascade Club, the Rotary Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club. Personally he is a man of pleasing address and an agreeable companion, and he enjoys marked popularity throughout the range of his acquaintance. He has devoted himself closely to the interests of the company which he represents and has been a potent factor in the successful operation of its affairs in this section of the country. CLARENCE E. MUNN, M. D. Dr. Clarence E. Munn. a physician of nearly thirty-five years' standing in Snohomish county, former mayor of Marysville and for many years a resident of that flourishing and progressive little city was born in Shawano, Wisconsin, July 24, 1863, and is a son of James M. and Nancy (Olmsted) Munn, both natives of New York state and the former of whom, a carriage painter, died in 1866. Mrs. Munn died in 1888. Dr. Munn early was attracted to the study of medicine and after preparatory studies under local preceptorship entered the Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, and was graduated (M. D.) in 1884, the year in which he attained his majority. Upon receiving his diploma he established himself in practice at Antigo, Wisconsin, and was there thus engaged for four years or until 1889, when he entered the service of the United States treasury department and was sent to the coast, acting under the direction of special agents of the government, as a medical inspector of Chinese entering the ports here, with headquarters at Port Townsend. For four years he continued to serve in this official capacity and then settled at Marysville as a regular practitioner and has since been thus engaged, being one of the veteran physicians of Snohomish county. He is widely known in his profession throughout this district and for years has been acknowledged as one of the leaders in that profession in this section of the state. Not only has the Doctor been attentive and faithful in the discharge of his professional obligations, but he has been equally attentive to the general obligations of good citizenship and has done well his part in local civic affairs. During the early years of his residence here he served for some time as coroner of Snohomish county, during two terms served as mayor of the city of Marysville and has also rendered effective service as a member of the local school board. He is a member of the Snohomish County Medical Society, the Washington State Medical Association and the American Medical Association and in the deliberations of these learned bodies has ever taken an earnest and helpful interest. In addition to his profession the Doctor has other interests of a substantial character and is the vice president of the Marysville State Bank. He is a republican and is a Scottish Rite thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. On June 30, 1885, at Washington D. C., Dr. Munn was united in marriage to Miss Ade- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 17 laide Merrick, of that place, who died at Marysville in 1913. To that union were born two daughters : Florence, the wife of Ray Tingstad, of Everett ; and Helen, who married Edward Kelly and who is deceased. He subsequently married Calla Louise Maple, of Los Angeles, California. Dr. Munn's long residence in Marysville has established him as one of the leaders in the general social, civic and cultural life of the community and his influence in behalf of all proper extension movements in Snohomish county and throughout this section of the state has ever been helpfully exerted. ALEXANDER THOMPSON Alexander Thompson is well known as president of the Everett Construction Company of Everett, conducting an extensive and successful contracting business. A native son of Scotland, he was born in that country on the 24th of March, 1872, his parents being James and Margaret Thompson. When a youth of sixteen years he emigrated to America and made his way to Michigan, in which state he began working for James E. Bell, a stockman who was one of the biggest importers of horses in the United States. It was in 1889 that he journeyed westward to Seattle, Washington, where he was employed in the Pacific mill until the spring of 1892, when he came to Snohomish county and took up his abode at Everett. Here he went to work in a small mill built by James Bell and Henry Hewitt, which was known as the Bell mill and was the first mill erected on the water front. Mr. Thompson assisted Mr. Bell in moving the Weyerhaeuser mill here and in rebuilding it. He made his way to the Klondike in 1895, mushed over Chilkoot pass and engaged in mining in Alaska until the fall of 1896. when he returned to Everett. After working for another year in the Bell mill he embarked in business on his own account as a pile driving and dredging contractor, becoming senior member of the firm of Thompson & Collins, which was succeeded by the Everett Construction Company about 1901. As head of this concern Mr. Thompson has developed a large enterprise in pile driving, dredging and steam shovel work, furnishing employment to from twenty-five to one hundred and fifty men. The company has constructed the foundations for nearly all the mills and docks of Everett and has built the Everett Avenue bridge, as well as many leading office buildings and schools. In June, 1908, Mr. Thompson was united in marriage to Elizabeth Kelly of Roslyn, Washington. They are the parents of a son, Howard Alexander, who is a high school student. Mr. Thompson gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and has made a commendable record in public office, having served as city commissioner and for two terms as a member of the city council. He has membership in the Chamber of Commerce. Fraternally he is known as a Knights Templar and thirty-second degree Mason who has crossed the sands of the dessert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Improved Order of Red Men, has been identified with the Knights of Pythias for the past quarter of a century and is a life member and a past exalted ruler in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. In the city of Everett he has long enjoyed an enviable reputation as a successful contractor and a public-spirited and highly esteemed citizen. BARNEY R. TOLSMA It is the progressive, wide-awake men of affairs who make the real history of a community, and their influence as potent factors in the body politic is difficult to estimate. The examples such men furnish of patient purpose and steadfast integrity strongly illustrate what is in the power of each to accomplish, and there is always a full measure of satisfaction in adverting to their achievements and their contribution to the public welfare. Barney R. Tolsma, president of the Everett Belting Company has attained a high place in the business circles of Everett, being a man of marked ability and soundness of judgment, and the success which is crowning his efforts is but the result of the salient points in his character. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1886, and is a son of R. B. and Romelia (Van der Mere) Tolsma. The father, whose entire active life was spent in the belting business, came to Seattle, Washington, in 1888 and opened a belt shop on Yester's dock. He then returned to Minneapolis for his family, but the great fire of 1889 destroyed his shop in Seattle and for that reason he did not come back to this state until 1897, when he again located in Seattle and was engaged in the belt business until 1914. In that year he came to Everett and established the firm of R. B. Tolsma & Company, manufacturers of leather belting, and ran the business successfully until 18 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 1923, when he sold it to his son Barney. The latter changed the name to the Everett Belting Company and in August, 1925, erected the splendid concrete building, twenty by one hundred and twenty feet in size, which he now occupies at No. 2405 Hewitt avenue. He not only manufactures leather belting but also handles sawmill supplies, both wholesale and retail. By close attention to his business and the exercise of discretion he is now enjoying a very gratifying measure of prosperity, his company being numbered among the substantial business houses of Everett. In 1909 Mr. Tolsma was married to Miss Paula Brandenghaler, of Seattle, and they have a son, William. Mr. Tolsma is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, belonging to blue lodge, chapter and council, and is also affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He likewise belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce and takes a proper interest in everything pertaining to the welfare or prosperity of the community. He is an independent republican in his political views and keeps well informed on the leading public questions of the day. A man of straightforward manner, energetic nature and methodical business habits, as well as kindly and genial manner, he enjoys the friendship and good will of all who know him. JAMES R. PORTER Efficient, aggressive and enterprising, James R. Porter is a typical young business man of the present age and a forceful figure in commercial circles of Snohomish, which for thirteen years has numbered him among its valued citizens. He was born in Hancock county, Iowa, in 1885 and is a son of Joseph H. and Jessie (McIntosh) Porter. The family migrated to Nebraska in 1895 and in that state the father was engaged in farming for many years, coming to Snohomish, Washington, at the time of his retirement. James R. Porter was reared on the homestead and attended the public schools of the locality. For a number of years he followed agricultural pursuits in Nebraska and in 1911 started for the Pacific coast. He spent two years in Everett, Washington, and in 1913 came to Snohomish, where he has since been engaged in the storage and transfer business, also handling fuel. He has a large warehouse and his coal and wood yards are situated in the vicinity of the Northern Pacific depot. His business is essential to the community and in its conduct he displays foresight, good judgment and keen discernment. He has established a large trade and his commercial transactions are guided by the Golden Rule. On January 1, 1911, Mr. Porter was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Larson, of Nebraska, and they have three children : Helen Ardeth, Jessie Ruth and Ann Louise. Mr. Porter is liberal in his political views, placing the qualifications of a candidate before party ties, and along fraternal lines he is connected with the Knights of Pythias. He is a business man of high standing and a good citizen, in sympathy with every worthy public project. WILLIAM NEAL WINTER William Neal Winter, an electrical engineer of broad experience and a business man of pronounced ability, is known throughout northwestern Washington as the executive head of the Puget Sound Telephone Company and he is also a leader in financial circles of Everett. He was born May 14, 1880, in Greenville, Mississippi, and his parents, Walter Scott and Mary (Clarke) Winter, are deceased. His mother was a native of Louisiana and the father was born in Tennessee. He was a successful contractor and built many levees along the Mississippi river. William N. Winter completed his education at the University of Missouri, and his first professional experience was gained with the Burlington Railroad Company. Later he was chief draftsman for the Springfield Boiler & Manufacturing Company of Illinois, and was next employed in the testing laboratory of the Sangamo Electric Company, after which he returned to college for another year's work. Going to Utah in 1903, he became connected with the Telluride Power Company and in 1906 was made district manager of the Utah Independent Telephone Company. He was afterward associated with the Oregon-Washington Telephone Company at Hood River, Oregon, and became the controlling owner of that company, which interest he subsequently sold. In 1916 Mr. Winter came to Everett, Washington, and purchased the business of the Puget Sound Independent Telephone Company and that of the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company, combining the two under the name of the Puget Sound Telephone Company, of which he is president and general manager. He has made this HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 21 one of the finest systems in the state, and his scientific knowledge is supplemented by keen business sagacity and a high order of administrative power. The company has eighteen exchanges in northwestern Washington and serves more than fifteen thousand subscribers. In 1920 Mr. Winter aided in organizing the Security National Bank of Everett, of which he has since been president, and under his wise guidance the business of the institution has steadily increased. He is an astute financier and has so directed his efforts as to win and retain the confidence and support of the public. He is ever ready to extend the aid of the bank as far as possible but never jeopardizes the interests of depositors and stockholders. In 1906 Mr. Winter was married to Miss Faun Twelves, of Provo, Utah, and they now have two children: William Neal, Jr., a young man of eighteen years and a college student, and Barbara, aged twelve years. Mr. Winter is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Country Club. He is also connected with the Overlake Golf club of Seattle, of which he is vice president. He views life from a broad standpoint and through the wise utilization of the powers and talents with which nature endowed him has stimulated the progress of Everett and the state of his adoption. His life has been guided by high ideals and characterized by the accomplishment of valuable results. MAURICE GLASSBERG In the death of the late Maurice Glassberg, in 1913, Snohomish county lost one of its representative citizens. His career was a busy and useful one, and although he devoted his attention primarily to his individual affairs, he never allowed the pursuit of wealth to warp his kindly nature but preserved his faculties and the warmth of his heart for the broadening and helpful influences of human life, being to the end a kindly, genial friend and gentleman. Through the years of his residence in this locality he was true to every trust reposed in him and his reputation in a business way was unassailable. He commanded the respect of all by his sound methods and upright life, and his name is engraved on the pages of his county's history. Mr. Glassberg was a native of Roumania, born in 1858. He was educated in the public schools and remained at home until he had attained his majority, when, in 1879, he emigrated to America. He first located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, where he remained for a time, and then went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he lived for several years. Later he located in Salt Lake City, Utah, and while living there was married. In 1900 he came to Everett and on November 11 of that year established himself in the loan business. A man of naturally alert mentality and sound business judgment, he met with marked success in this enterprise, which he conducted up to the time of his death. Since that time the business has been changed to musical goods and jewelry, which also has proven a successful enterprise. In 1906 Mr. Glass-berg erected the splendid two story building at 2905 Hewitt avenue, the lower floor of which is occupied by the store, while the family occupy the second floor, which is exceptionally well arranged. On January 15, 1898, Mr. Glassberg was married to Miss Susie Hewitt, who was born in London, England, but who at the time of her marriage was living in Salt Lake City with her parents, both of whom are deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Glassberg were born two children, Abraham and Ruth, both of whom were graduated from the Everett high school. Abraham, who is a reporter on the Everett Herald, was married to Miss Lucy Kennedy, of Everett, and they have one child, Dorothy. Mr. Glassberg was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while in his political views he gave his allegiance to the republican party. Quiet and unostentatious, and seeking the quiet ways of life rather than its tumult and strife, he ever attended strictly to his own affairs and made better all who came within the range of his influence. In all that constituted true manhood and good citizenship he was a worthy example. CHARLES R. AMUNDSON The fine qualities of his Norwegian ancestors are manifest in the career of Charles R. Amundson, cashier of the State Bank of East Stanwood and for fifteen years one of the leading financiers of this locality. A native of Minnesota, he was born October 7, 1872, and his parents, John C. and Theoline Amundson, have passed away. He was reared on the home farm in that state and supplemented his public school training by a college course. He followed 77 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the profession of teaching for some time and for ten years was engaged in merchandising in Minnesota. In 1911 he came to northwestern Washington and has since been connected with the State Bank of East Stanwood. He has a thorough understanding of the complex details of modern finance and carefully safeguards the funds of the institution. The bank was established January 27, 1910, and C. J. Gunderson was the first president. H. P. Husby was chosen vice president and O. H. Vognild became cashier. John Hals and Iver Johnson were also among the organizers of the bank. In 1913 the business was moved to a modern brick building constructed especially for this purpose. A. Garborg was named as president in 1911 and guided the destiny of the bank until 1917, when he was succeeded by Peter Henning, who has since filled that office. H. P. Husby tendered his resignation in 1924 and K. T. Knutson then assumed the duties of vice president. 0. H. Vognild acted as cashier until February, 1911, and his place has since been filled by the subject of this sketch, while L. M. Amundson is the assistant cashier. The board of directors is composed of Peter Henning, K. A. Knutson, C. R. Amundson, K. T. Knutson and L. M. Amundson. The hank was started with a capital of fifteen thousand dollars and now has a surplus of sixteen thousand dollars, while the deposits amount to three hundred and ten thousand dollars. It is a carefully managed and conservatively conducted institution and a strong center around which the movements of local trade gravitate. On May 30, 1900, Mr. Amundson married Miss Judith C. Hjeld, of Minnesota, and three children were born to them, but Lillian I)., the youngest, is deceased. The others, Irene and Lloyd C., are still at home. Mr. Amundson is connected with the Sons of Norway and also belongs to the Commercial Club. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and has served on the school board. He is a member of the town council and in public office stands for constructive measures, applying sound judgment and keen powers of discernment to the solution of all civic problems. He is a man of strict honesty, worthy of trust and confidence, and occupies a high place in the esteem of the citizens of East Stanwood. ERNEST R. BACKSTROM The record of Ernest R. Backstrom, one of the successful business men of Everett, has been such as to elicit just praise from those who know him best, for he has been loyal in all the relations of life and stands for progress and improvement in community affairs. Mr. Backstrom was born at Dickinson, Michigan, on the 17th of August, 1891, and is a son of Hugo and Amanda Backstrom, who came to Everett in 1903. The father here opened the Everett Avenue Meat Market, which he ran until about 1912, when he turned the business over to his son, our subject, and he is now operating a chicken ranch near Lake Stevens, in which he is meeting with very creditable success. After Ernest R. Backstrom completed his public school education he went into the meat market with his father and at the time he attained his majority took over the business, which he is still conducting. He has devoted himself closely to this enterprise and has exercised sound judgment in all of his affairs, so that the success which is crowning his efforts is well deserved. He carries a large and complete line of fresh and smoked meats, is courteous and accommodating in his relations with his customers, and has built up a large and steadily increasing patronage. On July 1, 1916, Mr. Backstrom was married to Miss Lillian Meyer, of Snohomish, a daughter of Frank Meyer. To Mr. and Mrs. Backstrom have been born four children, namely Ernest, Irene, James and Dorothy. Mr. Backstrom is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World, and also belongs to the Riverside Commercial Club. He is independent in his political views, voting for the men whom he considers best fitted for the offices they seek. Quiet and unassuming in manner, yet cordial and genial with all, he is deservedly popular. JAMES J. SULLIVAN A man who has stamped the impress of his strong individuality upon the minds of the people of Everett and vicinity in such a manner as to render him one of the conspicuous characters of this locality is James J. Sullivan, proprietor of the Everett Granite & Marble Works, owner of a flourishing nursery business and superintendent of Evergreen cemetery. Faithfulness to duty and a strict adherence to a fixed purpose have been dominating factors in his life, which has been replete with honor and success worthily attained. A native of Ontario, Canada, he FIISTORY OF SNOHOMIS FI COUNTY 23 was born on the 8th of March, 1869, and is a soli of Michael and Mary (Laffin) Sullivan, the former of whom was a blacksmith by vocation. Both parents are now deceased. James J. Sullivan attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and was employed at various occupations. In 1882 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, but soon afterward went to Tacoma and from there to Portland, Oregon. In 1890 he returned to Snohomish and in the following year located in Everett, where lie operated a lumberyard and Swallwell's dock. In 1893 he engaged in the monument business on Hewitt avenue, near the river, and he has remained identified with that line of effort continuously to the present time, being the oldest monument dealer in the state of Washington. In this business he has by reason of careful management and a progressive spirit met with pronounced success, being a man of artistic taste and mature judgment. In 1900 he moved his monument works to the vicinity of Evergreen cemetery, awl since 1907 he has had the active management of the cemetery. In 1896 Mr. Sullivan was married to Miss Esther Abrams, who is a native of Sweden, from which country she was brought to the United States in her girlhood. To Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan have been born the following children : Helen, who is the wife of Lewis Kratzberg, of Everett ; Thornton A., who is engaged in the nursery business at Lake Stevens ; Mildred Catherine, who is at home ; and two who are deceased. Mr. Sullivan is a republican in his political allegiance and takes a good citizen's interest in public affairs. He is especially interested in the progress and prosperity of his own community and is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Although a quiet and unassuming man, he possesses a strong individuality and has contributed much to the material, civic and moral advancement of the community, while his admirable qualities of head and heart and the straightforward, upright course of his daily life have won for him the good opinion of the people generally. JOHN P. SCHLUTER One of the men who has stamped the impress of his strong individuality upon the people of Snohomish county in a way that has gained for him the high esteem of all who know him is John P. Schluter, whose splendid farm is located near Snohomish. He has been the architect of his own fortune and is well deserving of the success which has crowned his life work thus far. Mr. Schluter was born in the state of Michigan, December 17, 1881, and is a son of Martin and Louisa (Ellman) Schluter, both of whom were born in Germany. The father, who came to this country in young manhood, devoted his active years to farming pursuits, and his death occurred in 1917. His widow is still living. These parents located near Ritzville, Washington, in 1889, where the father took up a homestead and a timber claim. He lived on the homestead many years, but eventually moved to Ritzville, where his death occurred and where Mrs. Schluter is now living. John P. Schluter secured his education in the public schools near the home farm, which was located about twenty miles northwest of Ritzville, and then he and a brother began farming on their own account near Ritzville, continuing together for four or five years, at the end of which time J. P. Schluter began farming independently, his principal crop being wheat. He remained there until 1915, when he went to Snohomish for about six months, after which he bought his present farm of thirty-two acres, on which he has lived continuously since. When he bought the land about four acres were cleared, and he now has nine acres cleared. He has made many fine improvements on the place, including an attractive home and other substantial buildings, and is now devoting his attention mainly to poultry and berries. He raises raspberries and evergreen blackberries and keeps five hundred laying hens. In 1907 Mr. Schluter was married to Miss Emily Buchholtz, who is a native of Minnesota, a daughter of Michael and Ida Buchholtz, both of whom were natives of Germany. To their union have been born five children : Evelyn, Helen, Richard, Dorothy and Frances, all of whom are at home. Mr. Schluter is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He has taken an active part in advancing the welfare of his community and served as a member of the Fobes school board, rendering effective and appreciated service. He tells many interesting incidents of early days in this locality, among which he refers to the fact that when the homestead was first taken up north of Ritzville there were many wild cattle running loose, this having at one time been a cattle country. Mr. Schluter rode the range for a time, and he remembers seeing many Indians traveling through this section of the country. There were also many wild animals, principally coyotes and badgers, and prairie hens were numerous. He has been a witness of the splendid development which has taken place here and is a consistent booster for this county. All who come within the range of his influence are profuse in their 24 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY praise of his admirable qualities of head and heart, and the high regard in which he is held throughout the community attests to the enviable place which he holds in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. WILLIAM F. SAWYER William F. Sawyer is widely known as one of the honored citizens of Everett, where he is engaged in business as secretary and treasurer of the Wilson Grocery Company. His well directed efforts in the practical affairs of life, his capable management of his business interests and his sound judgment have brought him well deserved prosperity, and he holds a high place in the esteem of all who know him. Mr. Sawyer was born in Ottawa, Canada, on the 16th of April, 1876, and is a son of David and Elizabeth (Manchester) Sawyer, both of whom are deceased. The father was a farmer and also conducted a general mercantile business, in which he was fairly successful. William F. Sawyer attended the public schools, graduating from high school, and then attended the Richmond (Ontario) Model School, a normal school, after which he engaged in teaching in Ontario, following that vocation for three years. He had been giving special study to accountancy, and in 1909 he came to Spokane, Washington, where he remained for two years, going from there to Springston, Idaho, where he became accountant for the Springston Lumber Company, with which concern he remained until 1919, when he came to Yakima, Washington. Here he became one of the owners of the Parisian Dye Works, with which he was identified for a time, but in the fall of 1922 he sold his interest in the business and came to Everett. He here bought an interest in the Wilson Grocery Company, of which he is now secretary and treasurer, his partner and the president of the company being A. B. Oleson. They form a business combination of peculiar strength and are enjoying a very satisfactory measure of success in this enterprise. They carry a complete line of groceries and all auxiliary lines usually found in an up-to-date grocery store, and by painstaking efforts to satisfy the requirements of their customers, as well as by prompt and efficient service, they are commanding a fine trade in this city. In 1909 Mr. Sawyer was married to Miss Caroline Bastian, of Pincher Creek, and to their union have been born six children, namely : Velma, Viola, Charles, William, Dorothy and Anna. Fraternally Mr. Sawyer is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Riverside Commercial Club. In his political views he maintains an independent attitude, voting according to his judgment as to the fitness of candidates for the offices they seek. He is a man of strong and alert mentality, sound business judgment and upright character. GEORGE L. BARNES Each man who strives to fulfill his part in connection with human life and human activities is deserving of recognition, whatever may be his field of endeavor. Among the active and enterprising business men of Everett is George L. Barnes, whose brass and bronze foundry is one of the prosperous and substantial enterprises of the city. He was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, on the 12th of October, 1893, and is a son of G. A. and Abbie M. (Seavey) Barnes, the former a native of Lowell and the latter of Maine. The father is a carpenter by trade, at which he worked in Lowell until August, 1905, when he went to Seattle and for a number of years followed his trade, and did contracting. He is now with his son, the subject of this sketch, in the foundry. The mother is deceased. G. L. Barnes attended the public schools of his native city, graduating from high school, and then learned the trade of a molder, which he has followed during his active life. In 1920 he opened a brass and bronze foundry in Everett, in which he makes all kinds of castings, and in this enterprise he has met with a very gratifying measure of success, his patronage extending over a wide radius of surrounding country. On August 29, 1922, Mr. Barnes was married to Mrs. Alfra Edna Thomas, of Everett, and they have two children, George M. and Eleanor Edna. By a former marriage Mrs. Barnes is the mother of a daughter, Marjorie Thomas. Politically Mr. Barnes gives his support to the republican party, while he sustains fraternal relations with the Free and Accepted Masons, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Modern Woodmen of America. He also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce, the Gyro Club and the Everett Golf and Country HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 25 Club. In his relations with his fellowmen he has been upright and conscientious, and he is public-spirited in his attitude toward all movements for the betterment of the community. The qualities of keen discrimination, sound judgment and business sagacity enter very largely into his makeup, and among those who know him he enjoys an excellent reputation as a man of honor and substantial worth. FRED E. FERGUSON Among the successful business men and well liked citizens of Silvana is Fred E. Ferguson, who operates a tobacco store and pool room, with a soda fountain in connection. He is a man of estimable qualities and has gained a high place among the business men of his community. Mr. Ferguson was born in Wisconsin on the 12th of September, 1858, and is the son and only child of J. R. and Elvira (Gleason) Ferguson, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Vermont, both being now deceased. He was educated in the public schools of Pennsylvania and then went to work for an oil company in Clarion county, that state, remaining there two years. In 1878 he went to Leadville, Colorado, walking to that place from Webster, a distance of seventy miles, there being no railroad through that region then. He was engaged in mining there for about four years and then, in the spring of 1883, came to Seattle, Washington, where he lived about two years, during which time he drove a delivery wagon for a grocery store. In 1885 he went to Juneau, Alaska, where he became identified with the gold mines as foreman for the Treadwell Mining Company. He was in that territory six years and then returned to Seattle, in 1891, and engaged in the hotel business. He was engaged in various business activities until 1900, when he went to Monroe, Washington, and farmed for about six years. In 1907 he sold his farm and opened a pool room, soda fountain and tobacco store in Monroe, which he operated until 1922, when he sold out there and, coming to Silvana, engaged in the same business here, which he is still conducting. In 1901 Mr. Ferguson was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor Fitzmaurice, who was born in Ireland, and who died in April, 1920. To this union was born a daughter, Doris Vivian, who is now the wife of W. V. Hamilton, and they have a daughter, Doris Ann, born in 1924. Mr. Hamilton is a graduate of the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, is a lieutenant in the navy and is stationed at Coronado Beach, California. Mr. Ferguson is a member of Everett Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Seattle Lodge, Fraternal Order of Eagles. Genial and friendly in his social relations, he has gained a wide acquaintance throughout this locality and is held in high esteem. JOHN H. CURTIS Important business interests claim the attention and profit by the enterprising spirit and keen sagacity of John H. Curtis, proprietor of the Granite Falls Creamery and also the leading banker of the town. He was born October 21, 1880, and is a native of Centerville, Wisconsin. His parents, John and Alzoa (Kidder) Curtis, migrated to northwestern Washington in 1909, settling in Snohomish, where the father spent the remainder of his life, and the mother is still a resident of that place. After the completion of his high school course John H. Curtis attended the University of Wisconsin and later became manager of the Cooperative Creamery at Wyattville, Minnesota, filling that position for nine years. He located at Snohomish, Washington, in 1910 and in the same year moved to Anacortes. He was manager of the business of the Anacortes Creamery & Produce Company until 1914 and later was one of the organizers of the West Coast Dairy. After the business was sold he returned to Snohomish county and in the spring of 1915 established the Granite Falls Creamery, which he has since conducted, developing a large industry. The plant is modern, sanitary and completely equipped. In 1925 it produced thirty-one thousand, five hundred and sixty-five pounds of butter, and the output, which is of high quality, is sold only in wholesale lots. Mr. Curtis has an expert knowledge of the dairy industry, gleaned from years of experience and close study, and he has been equally successful in the field of finance. He is one of the directors and since 1923 has been president of the Granite Falls State Bank. He is a forceful executive, capable of directing varied interests, and the wisdom of his policy is denoted by the constant expansion of the financial and industrial organizations which he controls. In 1902 Mr. Curtis married Miss Clara Ladd, of Trempealeau county, Wisconsin, and they 26 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY have five children ; Marian, who follows the profession of teaching ; Ruth, at home ; Warner, who is attending the dairy school of the Oregon Agricultural College ; Clarke, who is a high school student ; and John, a grammar school pupil. Mr. Curtis is a Scottish Rite Mason and has taken the fourteenth degree in the order, of which he is a worthy exemplar. He is a republican in his political convictions and for nine years has been a member of the school board, doing much to improve local educational facilities and standards. A man of action, actuated at all times by the spirit of progress, he is constantly broadening his field of usefulness and belongs to that class of citizens who constitute the mainstay and the motive power of every community in which they are found. WILLIAM M. STIEFVATER There is no limit in this country to which natural ability, industry and honesty may not aspire, for attainment in any line is largely a matter of ambition, determination, the fit utilization of such innate qualities as a man may possess and the seizing of the opportunities that present themselves. William M. Stiefvater, who is engaged in the battery business in Everett, is of this type, and the success 'which has come to him has been won through his own indefatigable efforts, directed along right lines. A native of Ridgefield, North Dakota, he was born on the 28th of April, 1885, and is a son of Herman Peter and Ellen (Yost) Stiefvater. The father, who was a stationary engineer by vocation, is deceased, and the mother now lives in Everett. Our subject secured his educational training in the public schools of Wisconsin, after which he engaged in sawmill work. Later he went to Milwaukee, where he learned the trade of a brass finisher, at which he was employed until 1904, when he came to Everett, Washington, and was employed as a gang sawyer in the mills here until 1922. In that year he left the mills and worked in the shipyards and at other employment until November, 1925, when he bought an interest in the battery business conducted by Dan Hosmer and is now giving his sole attention to this enterprise. The business was established by Mr. Hosmer in July, 1924, at 1511 Everett avenue, and is a service station for all kinds of batteries and electrical equipment. The undertaking has been successful and is now enjoying a steady and continuous growth in volume of trade. On November 11, 1910, Mr. Stiefvater was married to Miss Myrtle Davis, of La Crosse, Wisconsin, who was brought to Everett in her girlhood. To this union has been born a daughter, Violet. Politically Mr. Stiefvater maintains an independent attitude, voting according to his best judgment as to men and measures. Fraternally he is a member of Pilgrim Lodge No. 187, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past noble grand. Though a man of unobtrusive manner, he is candid and straightforward in all his relations with his fellowmen and stands deservedly high in their confidence and good will. HARRY H. ROBINSON, D. D. S. Dentistry may be said to be almost unique among other occupations, as it is at once a profession, a trade and a business. Such being the case, it follows that in order to attain the highest success in it one must be thoroughly conversant with the theory of the art, must be expert with the many tools and appliances incidental to the practice of modern dentistry and must possess business qualifications adequate to dealing with the financial side of the profession. In all of these particulars 1)r. Harry H. Robinson is well qualified and therefore has attained prestige among the able representatives of dentistry in Snohomish, where he has been continuously engaged in practice for more than two decades. His birth occurred in Clermont county, Ohio, on the 7th of July, 1862, his parents being John W. and Elizabeth Rebecca (Smith) Robinson, both of whom are deceased. During his active career the father devoted his attention to the contracting business. Having determined to engage in the practice of dentistry as a life work, Harry H. Robinson made preparation therefor as a student in the Ohio Dental College, from which he was graduated in 1888. His initial experience in the profession was gained at New Boston, Ohio, but six months later lie removed to Miamisburg, that state, where lie spent ten years. At the end of that time, in 1898, lie made his way westward across the continent to Spokane, Washington, where he remained as a dental practitioner for two years, while subsequently he followed his profession in Seattle from June, 1900, until 1904. In the latter year he opened an office in Snohomish, where he has remained continuously to the present time and has been HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 27 accorded a practice of large and lucrative proportions in recognition of his pronounced skill and ability in his chosen field. He belongs to both the Snohomish County Dental Society and the Washington State Dental Society. On the 22d of August, 1897, Dr. Robinson was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Clep-hane, a native of Kentucky. They became the parents of one child, who died in infancy. The Doctor gives his political allegiance to the republican party, and he enjoys high standing in civic and social as well as professional circles of his adopted city. ALEXANDER LE GROS One of the best known and most highly esteemed citizens of Snohomish county is the venerable florist, Alexander Le Gros, who is a pioneer in his line in Snohomish county and has for many years stood in the front rank in that business. His record since coming to Everett has been a most commendable one, having been marked by the utmost loyalty in every relation of life, and today no resident of this community stands higher than he in public respect and esteem. Mr. Le Gros is a native of London, England, his birth occurring in 1847, and is a son of Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Le Gros, the latter of whom passed away when our subject was but a child. The father was a native of France and followed the military profession. Our subject secured his, education in the public schools of London and in young manhood became identified with the boot and shoe business. He afterward learned the art of chiropody, which he followed there. In 1880 lie came to the United States and for a number of years was located at various places in the east and the middle west. In 1889 he came to Everett, Washington, and in 1892 opened the first boot and shoe store here, at the same time practicing chiropody. He soon met with success, and in 1893 lie bought a block of land at Thirty-seventh and Broadway, where he engaged in the raising of flowers. He was one of the first florists in Snohomish county and has conducted the enterprise continuously since, having the largest business in the county. He has made many improvements on his property, his greenhouses being of the best type, and here he raises many varieties of beautiful flowers and plants, for which he finds ready sale. He also maintains a fine retail market in the city. Mr. Le Gros has never relinquished his practice as a chiropodist, having offices in the First National Bank building, where he commands a large patronage. In 1873 Mr. Le Gros was married to Miss Ann Alice Slater, who also was a native of England, and who died in 1926. She was the mother of six children : Oscar and Alex and four who are deceased. Both of the sons are interested with their father in the florist business. Mr. Le Gros is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons and his political support is given to the republican party. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and has always taken a keen interest in the welfare of his community, having rendered effective and appreciated service as a member of the park board for the past eighteen years. He is kindly and generous in his attitude toward all benevolent or other worthy causes. His life history presents a career of unswerving integrity, indefatigable industry and wholesome home and social relations, his record being strongly marked by those traits of character which are essential to good citizenship. A man of vigorous mentality and strong moral fiber, he has lived and labored to worthy ends. DANIEL 0. PEARSON It has been said that the history of a community is best told in the lives of its citizens, and no record of Stanwood would be complete without a biographical sketch of Daniel 0. Pearson, whose name is inseparably associated with the history of its growth and progress. He is one of the builders of the town, in which he has lived for nearly a half century, and as its pioneer merchant he has established an enviable reputation. He is an honored Union veteran and represents one of the oldest families of the state. Mr. Pearson was born April 11, 1846, in Lowell, Massachusetts, and his parents were Daniel and Susan (Brown) Pearson. In 1863 the father journeyed to Washington, landing at Seattle, and at first earned a livelihood by selling shoes, going from house to house and carrying his pack upon his back. Later he disposed of the remainder of his stock to a shoe store. He brought two of his daughters to the coast and they were among the early school teachers of Washington. He afterward went to Port Townsend, Washington, and for some time was lighthouse keeper at that admiralty head. Mr. Pearson had traveled to the west in company 28 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with A. S. Mercer, who brought many settlers to Washington, and in 1865 the latter returned to Massachusetts. He told the governor that Washington had many men but few women and disclosed his plan of securing husbands for the war widows of Massachusetts. He had arranged for a government boat to convey them to the Puget Sound country but after President Lincoln's assassination was obliged to make other plans and finally secured a vessel through Benjamin Holliday. In January, 1866, he chartered the Continental, a steamer of eighteen hundred tons, and on this ship D. 0. Pearson sailed for Washington with his mother and sister, making the voyage around Cape Horn and through the Straits of Magellan. They landed at Port Townsend, and on Whidby island the parents spent the remainder of their lives. D. 0. Pearson was educated in the east and was a young man of twenty when the family came to the Pacific coast. He aided his father in operating the ranch and was engaged in farming on Whidby island until 1877. In April of that year he came to Stanwood, then known as Centerville, and at the time of his arrival was appointed postmaster. In 1878, as a result of his efforts, the station was changed to Stanwood, his wife's maiden name. Mr. Pearson opened the first store in the town and has twice rebuilt. Although eighty years of age, he is still engaged in merchandising, and his is the oldest store under one management in the state of Washington. He carries a large stock of merchandise and is always prepared to supply the needs of the public. He draws his trade from a wide area and many of the families that first patronized his store are still his customers, for he is courteous, honest and obliging. He was also active in business affairs of Silvana and aided Iver Johnson in starting the first store in that place. On June 3, 1868, Mr. Pearson married Miss Clara K. Stanwood, a native of Lowell, Massachusetts, and a daughter of William J. and Rachel Stanwood, both of whom died in the Bay state. Mrs. Pearson passed away July 3, 1910. She had become the mother of seven children : Guy and Bertha, both of whom are deceased; Eva, the wife of E. A. Dimmick, of Everett; Harry, who has passed away ; Fred, who is associated with his father in business ; Carl, who lives in Prosser, Washington ; and Rachel, who was united in marriage to Homer Evans, a resident of Grandview, this state. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise Mr. Pearson has been a strong republican, never wavering in his allegiance to the party. He served as mayor of Stanwood for four terms and was highly commended for his economical oversight of public expenditures as well as for the reforms and progressive measures which he inaugurated. In 1864, during the latter part of the Civil war, he enlisted in Company G of the Sixth Massachusetts Infantry, and valiantly defended the Union cause. Through his association with his comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic he relives the scenes of civil strife. He is also connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Pearson has witnessed the progress of civilization in Washington, and having experienced many hardships and privations in the early days, he is thoroughly appreciative of the advantages of modern times. He has borne his full share in the work of development and his record furnishes a notable example of a long, useful and honorable life. JOSEPH IRVING Joseph Irving, capitalist, has been a dominant force in the development of the logging industry of Washington and is one of Everett's self-made men and foremost citizens. He was born in 1868 and is a native of England. He received a public school education and when a youth of eighteen started out in life for himself. Going to Canada, he obtained a position as clerk in a general store near the city of Montreal and spent about five years in the Dominion. He then came to the States and in 1891 sought the opportunities of northwestern Washington. He entered the Bay View Hotel at Everett in the capacity of clerk and later leased the Monte Cristo Hotel, of which he was manager until 1900. In the meantime he had been furnishing pulp wood to the paper mill and in 1893 had purchased the business of the Union Transfer Company, hauling wood for various industries. He also cut and hauled cedar for the Lebanon Red Cedar Company. About 1898 Mr. Irving embarked in the logging business on the Snoqualmie river. He operated for some time at Sisco, near Getchell, where he built four miles of railroad and employed ninety men. The business was conducted at that place until 1903, when it was moved to Irving, and the Standard Railway & Timber Company was formed with Joseph Irving as president. E. W. Mathewson was made vice president and E. E. Brehn was elected secretary, while John H. Scott assumed the duties of treasurer. The company built a branch line twenty-four miles east of Arlington and extended the road into the mountains for a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 31 distance of twelve miles. On locating at Irving they constructed ten miles of railroad and had a force of one hundred and fifty men in their logging camps. In 1907 they moved to Hazel, seventeen miles east of Arlington, and built fourteen miles of railroad, employing over two hundred men in their camps. About 1912 they acquired the holdings of the Sultan Railway & Timber Company, which had been established in 1909, and incorporated the business, combining it with that of the Standard Railway & Timber Company. They operated two camps at Sultan, where they had one hundred and fifty loggers, and two hundred and fifty men were employed in their other camps. In 1916 they began operations at Oso, twelve miles east of Arlington, where they now have fifteen miles of railroad and about one hundred and sixty workers. Their annual output of logs amounts to seventy million feet, and this is sold to the local mills. The Monroe Logging Company was organized with the following officers : Joseph Irving, president ; J. E. Theurer, vice president ; E. M. Stevens, secretary ; and W. C. Butler, treasurer. They have built seventeen miles of railroad and market ninety million feet of logs per year, furnishing work to two hundred and sixty men. The Sauk River Lumber Company, formed in 1922, is controlled by N. C. Jamison, president ; Joseph Irving, vice president; W. C. Butler, treasurer ; and A. H. Jordan, secretary. They built fifteen miles of railroad from Sauk to Darrington and are now constructing another line of similar length. They have a large modern camp, provided with comforts for their workers, and have installed the most improved machinery. Employment is furnished to three hundred men and the extent of the business is indicated by the fact that the annual output of the firm amounts to one hundred million feet of lumber. The Irving-Dougherty Company, established in 1921, operates a large shingle mill at Blackman's Point and also has a well equipped plant for the manufacture of alder clothespins and wooden plugs for the ends of paper rolls. These products are distributed over a wide area, and the firm also makes cedar bolts for shipment to Japan, to which country it likewise exports logs. The company has about forty employes and its officers are Joseph Irving, president ; J. A. Dougherty, vice president ; and J. Alexander, treasurer. The Irving-Hartley Logging Company, operating at Twin, Clallam county, Washington, employs two hundred men, and its officers are Governor Hartley, president, and Joseph Irving, treasurer. Regular in habit and methodical in action, Mr. Irving has become a power in his chosen field of activity and his is the master mind in these various organizations, all of which are corporations of magnitude and importance. His salient traits as a business man are his executive force, his ability to penetrate a labyrinth of intricate affairs and his fertility of resource. His mental and physical powers are so well poised that he is able to turn rapidly from one subject to another without any sense of confusion, and long before those of less foresight have discerned the approach of an emergency it has become apparent to him and its arrival finds him prepared to deal with it. In 1889 Mr. Irving married Miss Adele Prime, of Montreal, Canada, and they have become the parents of six children : Joseph, Jr., assistant manager of the companies controlled by his father ; Winnif red F., the wife of W. F. Jones, who is connected with the Hulbert Mill Company; Thomas R., in charge of the accounting department of the Monroe Logging Company, for which he also acts as surveyor ; Lillian J., the wife of Brooks Pendleton, manager of a mill at New Westminster, British Columbia ; Peggy M., who was married to Charles A. Allen, a well known automobile dealer of Everett ; and Robert W., a high school student. Mr. Irving is a stanch republican in his political views and an earnest worker for the success of the party. He was sent to the state legislature in 1905 and ably represented the interests of his constituents, supporting all measures which he believed would prove of value to the commonwealth. He belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club. He is a life member of the Elks lodge at Everett and is also connected with the Masonic order. Mr. Irving has stamped the impress of his individuality indelibly upon his work and his influence is strong and far-reaching. He may well be termed a "captain of industry," for he represents that class of men who are capable of controlling the forces of trade and commerce and directing them for the benefit of the majority. PAUL V. BAKER, D. D. S. Dr. Paul V. Baker is a well known dental practitioner of Snohomish, where he has successfully followed his profession during the past twelve years. He was born at Barnard, Missouri, in 1882, a son of Christopher C. and Sarah E. Baker, both of whom are deceased. The father was an agriculturist by occupation. Paul V. Baker received his professional training as 32 HISTORY OF SNOHOMIS1-I COUNTY a student in the Western Dental College of Kansas City, Missouri, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of I). D. S. in 1905. He was engaged in the practice of his chosen profession in the state of his nativity during the succeeding nine years. or until April, 1914, when he made his way to the Pacific northwest, arriving in Snohomish on the 1st of July following. Here he has remained continuously to the present time and has built up an extensive and gratifying practice in the field of dentistry, in which his marked skill has become widely recognized. On the 14th of October, 1908, Dr. Baker wedded Lola M. Brown, of Missouri. They are the parents of a daughter, Dorothy E. Politically the Doctor may be termed an independent republican, for he does not consider himself bound by party ties and does not blindly follow party leadership. Fraternally he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and with the Masons, belonging to the blue lodge, chapter and council, while both he and his wife are members of the Eastern Star. They are highly esteemed as people of genuine personal worth and have gained an extensive circle of warm friends during the years of their residence in Snohomish. EMILE E. WEBER Among the widely known and prosperous business concerns of Everett is the Star shoe store, owned by Emile E. Weber, who has long been recognized as one of the most enterprising and progressive men of this thriving city. His success has been worthily won, his career having been characterized by fair dealing and careful and painstaking attention to the individual requirements of his patrons, so that he has gained a large and constantly growing list of satisfied customers, who are his best advertisers. Mr. Weber is a native of Steele county, Minnesota, born on the 27th of April, 1875, and is a son of Edward and Rosa (Stangler) Weber. The father was a farmer and in 1883 moved to North Dakota, where he followed that vocation during the remaining active years of his life, being now deceased. Our subject was reared on the home farm and secured his education in the public schools. In 1902 he went to Chelan, Chelan county, Washington, where in partnership with an uncle he engaged in the mercantile business, which they ran until 1909. In that year Mr. Weber came to Everett and established a shoe store, in which he has met with fine success. In 1918 he erected his own building, two stories high and twenty-five by eighty-five feet in size, at 2907 Hewitt avenue, and here he has a large and complete stock of shoes of all kinds, as well as the auxiliary lines usually found in an up-to-date shoe store. He has devoted himself closely to his business and is now enjoying a full share of the local patronage. In 1897 Mr. Weber was married to Miss Mary Springer, of Steele county, Minnesota. In his political views he is an earnest republican and takes a deep interest in public affairs, particularly such as affect the welfare or prosperity of his community. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus and of the Riverside Commercial Club. A man of kindly and generous nature, cordial and friendly in his social relations, he has long enjoyed the confidence and good will of all who know him and is regarded as a splendid citizen. CARL PETERSON Carl Peterson comes of sturdy old Swedish stock, and there are found in him the qualities which have made that people respected the world over. Indomitable energy, grim determination and wise economy have been so united in his makeup as to make him a forceful factor in the business world, as well as a worthy citizen. During his identification with the business interests of Everett he has not only gained marked material success, but, what is of more importance, has risen in the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens and is now numbered among the leading men of his community. Mr. Peterson was born in Sweden on the 6th of January, 1893, and is a son of P. G. and Ida Christianson, the former of whom followed farming pursuits. After completing his course in the public schools, in 1914, our subject came to Seattle, Washington, and went to work in a laundry, where he remained three years. During the World war lie proved his loyalty to his adopted country by enlisting in the Seventy-seventh Division, with which he was sent overseas and served eleven months. After receiving his honorable discharge from the service, he located in Monroe, Washington, where he was employed in a laundry until August, 1920, when he came to Everett and bought an interest in the Union Laundry Company, his partners being E. A. Reed, Roy Stoddard and Robert L. Stoddard. In 1922 Mr. Reed sold his interest to HISTORY OF SNOH01111S1-1 COUNTY 33 Carl A. Peterson, who is now president of the company, and in 1923 the Petersons bought out the Stoddard brothers, our subject becoming secretary and treasurer of the company. The laundry plant is located at 2222 Everett avenue and is one of the hest equipped laundries in this section of the state. They employ twenty-two persons and have four delivery wagons. Mr. Peterson is a man of mature judgment and indefatigable energy and the success which he now enjoys is the legitimate fruitage of his persistent efforts along right lines. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, as well as the American Legion. He is widely known and is deservedly popular throughout the range of his acquaintance. DAN HOSAIER Dan Hosmer, a successful business man of Everett, has been true to every trust reposed in him and has shown such attributes of character as to entitle him to the regard of his fellowmen. A native of Barry county, Michigan, he was born on the 15th of May, 1881, and is a son of Emerson and Sarah (Owens) Hosmer. His father was a farmer and horse dealer and also clerked in stores. He was an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having been past grand master of the order in his state. Both parents are now deceased. Dan Hosmer secured a good education in the public schools and then attended Ferris Institute, at Big Rapids, Michigan. He subsequently became a shingle weaver, which vocation he followed until coming to Seattle, Washington, in 1898. During the ensuing fifteen years he made several trips back and forth between Seattle and his home, but in 1913 established his permanent residence in this state. In 1916 he came to Everett and entered the employ of Governor D. M. Clough, with whom he remained four years. He then went to work in a battery shop, where he was employed until July 1, 1924, when he established himself in the same line of business at 1511 Everett avenue. Here he maintains a service station for batteries and all forms of electrical equipment, and by his efficient work and prompt service he has built up a large and prosperous business. In 1915 Mr. Hosmer was married to Miss Mary Johnson, of Everett. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, and in his political views he gives allegiance to the republican party. He is a man of sterling traits of character and genial and friendly manner and is deeply interested in the welfare of his community, where lie has gained and retains an enviable standing. ALEXANDER E. KICK One of the enterprising and progressive men of Snohomish county is Alexander E. Kick, proprietor of the Everett Bottling Works, whose indomitable energy, persistent and aggressive efforts and excellent management have brought him his present prosperity. He has ever stood ready to do what he could in pushing forward the wheels of progress and advancing commercial prosperity in this vicinity, and his career has been a worthy one. Mr. Kick is a native of Watertown, Wisconsin, born on the 29th of November, 1882, and is a son of Everett and Margaret (Ott) Kick, the former of whom is deceased, while the latter still lives in Wisconsin. Our subject attended the public schools, graduating from high school, and then came to Everett. In 1902 he engaged in the bottling business, in partnership with P. E. Misgen, but some time later went to Sedro Woolley, Skagit county, and was engaged in the bottling business there about one and a half years. He then returned to Everett and in 1906 bought Mr. Misgen's interest in the bottling works on Broadway. He ran the business there until 1925, meeting with encouraging success, and then built a three story brick and concrete building at the corner of Thirty-third street and Broadway. The structure is fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in size, the third floor being devoted to apartments and the second floor to office and show rooms, while the bottling is done on the first floor. The company was incorporated in 1915 as the Everett Bottling Works, of which Mr. Kick is president, and employs from three to five people. They make all kinds of soft drinks, which are sold and delivered to all parts of Snohomish, Island, Skagit and King counties. The business has enoyed a steady increase through the years and is now numbered among the prosperous and substantial concerns of Everett. In 1903 Mr. Kick was married to Miss Jennie Raymond, of Everett, and they are the parents of two children, Everett and Marcia. Politically Mr. Kick is an earnest supporter of the republican party and takes a proper interest in everything pertaining to the public welfare, supporting all measures for the advancement of his city. Fraternally he is a member of the 34 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the United Commercial Travelers, and he also belongs to the Everett Rotary Club, the Chamber of Commerce and the Riverside Commercial Club. By a straightforward and commendable course he has made his way to a respected position in the business world, winning the hearty admiration of the people of his city and earning a fine reputation as a keen and sagacious man of affairs and a broadminded and upright citizen. A. J. RITTER The man who starts out in the world unaided and by sheer force of will, controlled by correct principles, forges ahead and at length reaches a position of independence and honor among his fellow citizens achieves a success that entitles him to admiration and respect. A. J. Ritter, of Everett, is a worthy representative of this class, a class which has furnished much of the bone and sinew of the nation and added to the stability of our country and its institutions. A native of Chicago, Illinois, his birth occurred on the 22d of January, 1865, and he is a son of August and Marie Ritter. The father was for many years a successful teacher, and he and his wife are now deceased. Our subject was given the advantage of a public school education and then learned the carriage trimming business. At length he established a shop of his own in Chicago, which he conducted until 1901, when he sold out and came to Everett. He opened a shop here, but his start was not very auspicious, there being no business the first month and the second month's income amounting to three dollars and eighty cents. However, with dogged persistence he held on and at length business began to improve, work coming to him from Seattle and other outside points, for his skill and efficiency gradually became known. Later, with the advent of automobiles, he took up auto trimming, and from that time on he has enjoyed a very satisfactory measure of prosperity. He is now located at the corner of Broadway and Wall streets and is the oldest carriage and automobile trimmer in this locality. In 1898 Mr. Ritter was married to Miss Elizabeth Frankenberg, of Chicago, and they are the parents of three children : Josephine, Marie and Ralph. Fraternally Mr. Ritter is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, while his political alignment is with the republican party. He has been absolutely true and loyal in every relation of life, has taken a good citizen's interest in everything affecting the welfare or prosperity of the community and is kindly and genial in his relations with his fellowmen. CALVIN L. MARSH Among the pioneer newspapers of northwestern Washington is the Arlington Times, of which Calvin L. Marsh is the owner and editor, and for thirty-five years he has wisely and successfully guided its destiny, wielding a strong influence for good. He is a native of West Virginia and a scion of old and aristocratic families of the south. He was born March 18, 1873, and his parents, Jefferson and Angeline (Cunningham) Marsh, are both deceased. The father was of English descent and the American progenitor of the family settled in Maryland in colonial times. The name was originally March, and the early ancestors lived on the border between England and Scotland. The mother was of Scotch and Irish lineage and also traced her ancestry to the colonial epoch in American history. Calvin L. Marsh was reared on his father's plantation and attended a private academy. He taught school for three years in the south and in 1890 came to the Pacific coast, first locating in Seattle, Washington. He continued his educational work, teaching for a term at Houghton, King county, and for a similar period at Haller, Snohomish county, Washington. In 1891 he entered the field of journalism, purchasing the Arlington Times, which had been established by George Morrell in 1889 at Haller, now a part of Arlington. It was first known as the Stillaguamish Times, and later the name was changed to the Haller City Times. In 1893 the business was moved to Arlington and the paper has since been conducted under the style of the Arlington Times. Mr. Marsh bought the ground and erected the building which has since housed the paper. It was started as a six column, four page weekly and the paper now contains from six to eight pages of seven columns each. It is all home print, and it is doubtful if any other paper in the state has been published under one editor for a longer period. Like other pioneer newspaper men, both Mr. Morrell and Mr. Marsh were notaries and United States commissioners, and the fees from these offices helped to maintain the paper. In the early days Frank B. Davis was a.partner in the firm for a short time, and since 1918 J. C. Car- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 35 penter has been connected with the business. The paper was first published in a room of the old Walker Hotel with the aid of a Washington hand press, which was afterward replaced by a cylinder press, and later by a fine Babcock Standard press. A small linotype machine was purchased in 1912 and on January 5, 1923, Model No. 14 was installed. The mechanical equipment has been constantly improved and the plant now ranks with the best of the kind in this part of the state. In 1893 the paper had about three hundred subscribers and it now has a circulation of ten hundred and fifty. Mr. Marsh has also developed a large business in commercial printing, and everything that indicates progress in "the art preservative" is to be found in his establishment. He has always followed a consistent editorial policy and under his expert direction the Arlington Times has become both the leader and the mirror of public thought and opinion. The paper contains the best elements of modern journalism and is a valuable news medium. It is an organ of the republican party but maintains an independent attitude and all political questions are treated justly and without prejudice. On June 24, 1894, Mr. Marsh was married at Pullman, West Virginia, to Miss Lora B. McDougall, and they became the parents of nine children, two of whom are deceased. Those who survive are: Constance, the wife of Ralph Keller, of Edwall, Washington; Paul, who is engaged in the grocery business at Darrington ; Lillian, who follows the profession of nursing and is now in Seattle ; Doris, who is attending the University of Washington; and June, Frank and Violet, at home. Mr. Marsh is one of the energetic members of the Commercial Club and his fraternal affiliations are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He has ever been actuated by a strong desire to serve his community and originated the movement which led to the establishment of the city park, acting as chairman of the board of park commissioners. He is well versed in local and national matters of government, a keen analyst of men and conditions, and his editorials are vigorous, timely and well written. Mr. Marsh has a strong sense of his responsibilities as a journalist and through his integrity and public spirit has won and retained the unqualified respect of the citizens of Arlington and the newspaper fraternity of the state. JAMES F. ALCORN A man of resourceful ability and enterprising spirit, James F. Alcorn has stimulated the commercial development of Snohomish along many lines, and his attention is now devoted to the grocery business. A son of William and Jane (Logan) Alcorn, he was born April 12, 1858, and is a native of New Brunswick, Canada. His father was one of the prominent lumbermen of that province, in which he passed away. The mother has reached the venerable age of ninety-three years, and she makes her home with the subject of this sketch. The latter received a public school education and while in his native province was active in the manufacture of sash and doors. In later life he came to northwestern Washington, locating at Snohomish in October, 1902, and followed the carpenter's trade for some time. He then operated a shingle mill and later was the proprietor of a livery stable. Next he opened a furniture store and afterward embarked in the feed business. In April, 1921, he opened a grocery store at 1016 First street, and in the intervening period he has established a large trade, owing his success to honest dealing and a comprehensive understanding of the principles of merchandising. In 1884 Mr. Alcorn married Miss Lillie G. Estabrook, of New Brunswick, Canada, and three children were born to them, namely : Beulah, who is the wife of Albert Kachner, and lives in the Philippines ; Hazel, a teacher in the public schools of Seattle ; and Ruby, the wife of Frank Cooper, of Pateros, Washington. Mr. Alcorn is a republican and takes the interest of a good citizen in public affairs but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. By nature modest and unassuming, he prefers to keep his personality in the background, but his genial qualities have drawn to him many sincere friends, who are thoroughly cognizant of his worth. J. H. WHITE One of the sterling sons of Snohomish county, who by sturdy industry and sound business judgment, has become well established here in a flourishing business, is J. H. White, member of the well known transfer and storage firm of White & Muzzald, of Everett. Because of his enterprise and progressiveness he has merited in every way the splendid material success he has achieved and the esteem which is accorded him by his fellow citizens. Mr. White was 36 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY born in Snohomish county on the 6th of April, 1887, and is a son of William H. and Eliza J. (Bowden) White, both natives of England, the father having been born in Cornwall and the mother in Devonshire. On coming to the United States they first located in Michigan, whence they moved to Colorado and eventually to California, where they remained until 1876, when they came to Snohomish county, the father homesteading a tract of land about four miles north of Snohomish. He devoted himself to the operation of the fine farm which he developed there until 1912, when he retired from active business affairs, and now makes his home with his son, the subject of this sketch. J. H. White received his educational training in the Pilchuck school and then took a course in a business college. He subsequently devoted his attention to farming for a few years, after which he engaged in the contracting business. Later he turned his attention to the auto accessory field, having previously for a short time run a stage business. In the fall of 1916 Mr. White came to Everett and established a transfer and storage business, in which he has met with a splendid measure of success. He has eight trucks and occupies a fine warehouse, seventy-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size, at 2934 Broadway. In 1922 he admitted J. B. Muzzald to a partnership in the business, which is now operated under the firm name of White & Muzzald. They employ eight people and are prepared to do any kind of hauling, and they have gained an enviable reputation. In 1912 Mr. White was married to Miss Lena R. Blunt, of Everett, and they are the parents of three children : Harvey, Helen and Donald. Mr. White gives his political support to the republican party and is public-spirited in his attitude toward all movements for the betterment of the community. He is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Riverside Commercial Club. His career presents a notable example of those qualities of mind and character which overcome obstacles and win success, and his record has been such as to command honor and respect. WILLIAM A. TARO Owing to his extensive connection with the business affairs of Everett for many years, the name of William A. Taro needs no formal introduction to the readers of this work. In a straightforward, conservative manner he has sought to perform the duties of a progressive citizen while advancing his own interests, and his support has always been depended upon in the furtherance of any laudable movement having for its object the betterment of the public welfare. Mr. Taro was born in Quebec, Canada, March 14, 1856, and is a son of John and Eleanor (Collier )Taro. The father was a molder by trade and also did considerable farming. In the '60s the family moved to Brockville, Ontario, where the parents spent the remaining years of their lives. William A. Taro attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then learned the trade of an iron moulder under his father. He followed that vocation in his native country until June, 1901, when he came to Everett, Washington, and established the Taro Iron Works, which he has conducted to the present time. In this enterprise he has been more than ordinarily successful and now enjoys a large and steadily growing business. In 1923 the increase in business necessitated more space, and he erected his present splendid building at No. 2913 State street, where he is equipped for handling quickly and satisfactorily any work required of him. He employs five men and makes castings of all kinds of iron, brass, aluminum or other metals. His was the first foundry to make aluminum castings in Everett. He has also added a pattern and machine shop to the foundry, facilities which have added greatly to the working value of his plant. During the years since he came to Everett Mr. Taro has also been interested in a number of other lines of business, having at different times owned a grocery store and a hotel, but the foundry business has commanded his chief attention A man of mature judgment and indomitable energy, he has by his own efforts attained his present prosperity and is numbered among the substantial and influential business men of this locality. Mr. Taro has been twice married, first, in 1877, to Miss Matilda De Coyer, of Ontario, Canada, who died in 1888, leaving four children, namely : Edward, of Everett ; Alfred, who was chief of the fire department of Everett, hut is now deceased ; and James and Lillian who are deceased. For his second wife M r. Taro chose Miss Margaret Larkin, also of Ontario, Canada, and they are the parents of seven children, namely : Margaret, who is the wife of William Leighmeyer of Tacoma, Washington ; Lawrence, who lives in Mukilteo and is married and has four children ; Raymond, who is engaged in the automobile tire business in Everett ; Leonard, who is with his father in the foundry ; Clifford, of Everett, who is married HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 37 and has three children ; Fred, who also is employed in his father's foundry and is married and has one child; and Beatrice, who is at home. In politics Mr. Taro gives his support to the democratic party in national issues, but in local elections he votes for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Foresters. In his younger days Mr. Taro was an expert oarsman and holds the world's amateur championship at one mile in a shell, rowing the course in five minutes flat and including a turn around the flag. This occurred at a regatta on the St. Lawrence river at Brockville, Ontario, in 1880, and to the best of his knowledge has never been beaten. Mr. Taro is a man of quiet and unassuming manner but possesses to a marked degree the essential qualities of good citizenship. Genial and friendly in his social relations, he enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the county, where he is highly regarded. EDWARD T. WHITE Among the old and highly respected families of Snohomish county is the White family, a worthy representative of which is Edward T. White, who operates a flourishing feed business at 2935 Broadway, Everett. He has built up a highly commendable reputation and by right and honorable living has won and retains the good will and esteem of the entire community, in which he has spent practically all his life. Mr. White was born in this county on the 2nd of February, 1879, and is a son of William H. and Eliza J. (Bowden) White, both of whom were born in England, the father in Cornwall and the mother in Devonshire. They were reared and married in that country and eventually emigrated to the United States. Their first home was in Michigan, where they lived for a time, but they later moved to Colorado, and eventually to California, which was their home until 1876, when they came to Snohomish county. The father took up a tract of government land about four miles north of Snohomish, which he developed into a fine farm and to which he devoted his attention until 1912, when he retired and came to Everett, now making his home with his son, J. H. White. Edward T. White secured his elementary education in the public school at Pilchuck and then took a commercial course in the Puget Sound Academy, from which he was graduated. He then started out in life on his own account, entering the employ of the Riverside Milling Company, as head miller, which position he held for ten years. In 1917 Mr. White established a wholesale and retail feed business at 2935 Broadway, Everett, where he has continued to the present time and where he carries a large and complete line of feed and grain. He also has a mill and a grain elevator, the latter having a storage capacity of one hundred and fifty tons. He employs five people, and he has so conducted his business as to earn the confidence and patronage of the public generally, his being one of the leading concerns in his line here. In 1907 Mr. White was married to Miss Blanch Wyatt, who is a native of Minnesota and who was engaged in teaching school prior to her marriage. They are the parents of five children, namely : Lucile, Ruth, Doris, Holly and Bettie. Mr. White is deeply interested in public affairs and gives his support to the republican party. He is a member and president of the Riverside Commercial Club and has been an important factor in the stimulation of the business prosperity of Everett. A man of sound and mature judgment in business matters, he is held in high esteem in the commercial circles of his city and cooperates with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the best interests of the locality. Unobtrusive in manner, he is nevertheless genial and friendly in his social relations, and the confidence and good will accorded him throughout the community has been well merited. STEPHEN S. FLOE Stephen S. Floe is a veteran of the World war and represents a family whose members have been residents of Snohomish county for more than forty years. He is one of the enterprising young business men of East Stanwood and a leader in local politics, mid has been called to public offices of trust and responsibility. He was horn January 3, 1887, in Florence, Washington, and his parents, Steffen and Laura (Erdahl) Floe, were natives of Norway. They crossed the Atlantic in 1864 and first located in Minnesota. From that state they migrated to Iowa, where they lived for six years, and in 1885 journeyed to Washington. They settled in Snohomish county and the father bought a tract of wild land near Cedarhome but a year later became the owner of the Peterson farm at Florence. In 1887 he moved to a ranch south of Stanwood and devoted the remainder of his life to the improvement of that property. 38 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY He was an adherent of the republican party and a loyal supporter of all worthy public projects. His second wife, Laura Erdahl, bore him twelve children, while five children were born of the first union. He responded to the final summons in July, 1913, and his widow passed away in 1920. In the acquirement of an education Stephen S. Floe attended the public schools of Snohomish county, and he afterward worked for various lumber firms, driving logs down the river to the mills. He cultivated the home farm for a few years and in 1914 moved to East Stanwood. In the following year he opened a real estate office in the town, also establishing an insurance department, and was thus engaged until the fall of 1917, when he responded to the call to the colors. He went to France with the American Expeditionary Force, acting as sergeant of Company D, of the Three Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry, and for six months was in active service in Europe, serving in all for eighteen months. As a member of the Ninety-first Division he participated in the memorable battle of the Argonne forest, in which he was badly wounded by a machine gun, and courageously withstood that terrible ordeal of shot and shell, never faltering in the performance of duty. After the close of the war he returned to East Stanwood and resumed his real estate operations. He is now at the head of a large business and his labors have been a direct agency in the upbuilding and improvement of the town. He thoroughly understands every phase of the business and his judgment is rarely at fault concerning the value of property and its possible rise or diminution in price. In June, 1918, Mr. Floe was united in marriage to Miss Grace E. Gagnon, of Stanwood, and in the social life of the community they fill a prominent place. Mr. Floe belongs to the American Legion and in 1925 was chosen commander of Frank Hancock Post, No. 92. He is one of the influential members of the Commercial Club and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. Mr. Floe has a predilection for politics and for two terms has been precinct committeeman. He is serving as justice of the peace, police judge and city clerk, discharging his duties with thoroughness and efficiency, and has faithfully fulfilled every trust reposed in him. Resolute and energetic, he has steadily advanced, and his career, much as it holds of accomplishment, is still rich in promise. J. A. THEURER J. A. Theurer is one of the outstanding figures in business circles of Everett and is known throughout Snohomish county as a pioneer' in the development of its lumber industry, with which he has been identified for a period of thirty-eight years. He was born January 1, 1863, and is a native of Michigan. He was educated in the public schools of the Wolverine state and earned his first money by working in a shingle mill. He remained in Michigan until he reached the age of twenty-three years and then went to the mining district of New Mexico. His stay in the southwest was of short duration and he next journeyed to the Pacific coast. He spent eighteen months in California and then came to northwestern Washington. He arrived in Snohomish county on the 5th of September, 1888, and for about a year was in the employ of Blackman Brothers. In 1889 he started a shingle mill on Lake Beacher, in Snohomish county, having two partners in the undertaking, and later established a similar mill at Snohomish. He operated the plant until 1895, when he was obliged to discontinue the business owing to financial reverses. In association with Richard Hambridge, he leased a mill in the vicinity of Granite Falls, Washington, and continued the business until 1899. In that year the Canyon Lumber Company was formed at Robe, Washington, and in 1900 the sawmill was started with a capacity of forty thousand feet of lumber per day. They also opened a shingle mill capable of producing seventy-five thousand shingles per day. In 1907 they increased the scope of their activities, building a fine plant at Everett which now covers fifty-two acres and has an eight hour capacity of three hundred thousand feet of lumber. The mill is thoroughly equipped and there is a wide demand for its output, which is shipped via the Panama canal to the Atlantic seaboard and ports in the orient. The firm maintains a high standard of production and furnishes employment to three hundred and fifty persons. The company is engaged extensively in logging and owns a one-third interest in the business of the Monroe Logging Company but has disposed of all outside plants, concentrating its industrial operations in Everett. C. A. Dean was the first president of the Canyon Lumber Company and his associates were Richard Hambridge, treasurer, and J. A. Theurer, general manager. Mr. Dean's demise occurred in February, 1922, and the present officers are J. A. Theurer, president ; Richard Hambridge, treasurer and general manager ; A. G. Worthington, vice president, and E. B. Bryner, secretary. Mr. Theurer's long experience in the lumber business HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 41 has made him familiar with every phase of the industry and this knowledge is supplemented by the poise, vision, initiative and administrative power of the man of large affairs. He has developed a fine organization, which is a great asset to the city. The company has its own docks as well as spur connections with three transcontinental lines, thus enjoying splendid shipping facilities. In 1893 Mr. Theurer married Miss Ella Rasch, also a native of Michigan, and to this union has been born a daughter, Mary, aged thirteen years. Mr. Theui-er is an adherent of the republican party and in 1905 was sent to the state legislature, ably representing the interests of Snohomish county. He belongs to the Cascade and Commercial Clubs and along fraternal lines is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry and is also a Shriner. He owes his success to tenacity of purpose and concentrated effort and belongs to that class of substantial business men who constitute the bulwark of a city's strength and development. WILLIAM M. RASMUSSEN The comment has often been truthfully made that deserved appreciation of really strong and useful men is too frequently withheld until death awakens society to a sense of its loss. This is less true of William M. Rasmussen than of most prominent men of his community, for there was never a period in his busy and successful career when his mental equipment was not recognized as of a superior order. None ever failed to credit him with high moral purpose, true nobility of character, sterling sense of justice, marked executive ability and the loftiest of business and social ideals. During his residence of practically two decades in Everett its people had ample means to know what manner of man he was, and the consensus of testimony is that he was a good citizen in the fullest sense of the term and worthy of all honor and public trust, ever doing worthily and well his life work. He left to his family the rich memory of an unstained name and to the city he loved so well the record and example of an honorable and well spent life. Mr. Rasmussen was born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, on the 22d of October, 1852, and his death occurred on the 16th of December, 1921, when sixty-nine years of age. He was given the advantage of a good public school education and in young manhood became identified with the lumber business, eventually becoming manager of lumber camps. Later he entered the employ of the Deering Harvester Company, having charge of collections in Wisconsin for twelve years. He then located at West Salem, Wisconsin, and engaged in the retail lumber and building material business, which he successfully conducted until 1902, when he came to Everett, Washington, and established the Everett Sash & Door Company, his removal to this state being necessitated by the condition of Mrs. Rasmussen's health. As president of this company he devoted himself indefatigably to its interests and had the pleasure of seeing it develop into one of the most successful and prosperous industrial concerns in this section of the state. The factory occupies a half block at Thirty-second street and Paine avenue and is engaged in the manufacture of sash and doors and general mill work, the products being sold all over the Puget Sound territory. Sixty men are employed in the mill and electric power is used exclusively, the individual motor system being mainly employed. A railroad siding runs to the factory, affording ideal shipping facilities, and the plant has always been run according to the most improved and up-to-date methods. The Everett Sash & Door Company has gained a widespread reputation for the superior quality of its products and has supplied the mill work for many of the most prominent buildings in this part of the country, including the Olympia Hotel and the Victoria apartments in Seattle and eight or ten of the new Seattle school buildings, the Medical and Dental building, the Central building and the Monte Cristo Hotel in Everett, the Herald building at Bellingham and many others of importance. Mr. Rasmussen was married, in 1888, to Miss Louise Van Waters, of West Salem, Wisconsin, a daughter of William and Mary (Campbell) Van Waters. Her parents were pioneers of that section of the state, having driven by team from Milwaukee to La Crosse, where the father took up a homestead. To Mr. and Mrs. Rasmussen were born two children, namely : Cora, who resides in Los Angeles; and Walter V., who remains at home and is the active manager of the business established by his father. Politically Mr. Rasmussen gave his support to the republican party and was deeply interested in everything pertaining to the prosperity and welfare of his adopted city, in whose progress and upbuilding he became such a potent factor. Fraternally he was a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World. Large in stature and well proportioned, he was a striking 42 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY figure in any company, and he was a man of cordial and kindly manner, being a friend to all men. His record was characterized by kindliness toward all humanity and his every action seemed inspired by a desire to make the world a little better and pleasanter for those about him. He was simplicity and genuineness itself and he maintained a tolerant approval of human nature that was as rare as it was beneficent. He had that abiding faith in humanity and that innate modesty which are prime attributes of true nobility. Charity with him was not perfunctory, for he gave for the joy of giving. In the commercial world Mr. Rasmussen was successful to a high degree and in his business affairs he followed the same lofty ideals that ruled his private life. He was universally recognized as a splendid citizen, a man of lofty character, sturdy integrity and forceful individuality. THOMAS WATSON The late Thomas Watson, who died April 27, 1926, had a long and active career, crowned with a fair measure of success. He was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1854, a son of Joseph and Margaret (Schell) Watson. The father was a farmer for many years, and he and his wife are now deceased. Thomas Watson was given but scant opportunity for a scholastic education, but despite this handicap became a well informed man, having read much and having been a close observer of things about him. After spending his early years on the home farm, he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for a while, and later engaged in contracting. In 1889 he went to Kansas, where he remained a short time and then went to Michigan, where he lived until 1909, when lie came to Snohomish county and bought five acres of land in Sunny-side. Here he lived and cultivated his land until 1922, when lie sold the place and retired from active affairs, making his home with his son. In 1876 Mr. Watson was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Steveson, who was born and reared in Ontario, Canada, and whose death occurred June 16, 1922. To their union were born the following children: Robert, who is engaged in ranching at Sunnyside, is married and has four children ; William, who resides in Detroit, Michigan, is married and has three children and one grandchild ; Warren, deceased; Mary, deceased; Margaret, who is the wife of Nathaniel Smith, of Michigan, and has three children ; Dolly, who is the wife of Joseph Winegardner, of Michigan, and has three children; Belle, who is the wife of Robert Hawkins, of Napavine, Lewis county, Washing-ton, and has two children; Nellie, who is the wife of Lee Evans, of Napavine, Washington, and has two children ; James, who is farming in this locality ; and one child who died in infancy. Politically Mr. Watson was always a stanch supporter of the republican party, but was never a seeker after public office. A man of sterling integrity, industrious habits and sound business ability, he stood high in the esteem of his fellowmen and conscientiously endeavored to discharge honestly every duty in life. A. L. VAN VALEY Among the representative business men of Snohomish county stands A. L. Van Valey, who owns and operates under his own name at Everett the oldest bottling works, with one exception, in the state of Washington. He has for thirty years devoted himself closely to the building up of this business and is now enoying a splendid measure of prosperity, being a man of marked business ability, persistency and indomitable energy. Mr. Van Valey is a native of Marietta, Ohio, born on the 9th of May, 1868, and is a son of M. A. and Ruth A. (Morris) Van Valey. In 1871 the family moved to Kansas, where the mother died. The father followed farming there for many years and then, late in life, came to Everett, where he passed away. Our subject secured his education in the public schools and remained at home until 1890, when he came to Washington, locating in Seattle. In December, 1893, lie went to Snohomish and established a bottling works, which he operated until May of the following year, and in 1895 lie came to Everett and bought a bottling plant, which he has conducted continuously to the present time. He was first located at Riverside, but in 1900 he erected his own building at 3124 Paine avenue, Everett, were he is well situated to handle his business. He has through the years enjoyed a steadily increasing trade, and his customers now cover a wide radius of surrounding country. He employs from three to five men and uses two delivery trucks. In 1892 Mr. Van Valey was married to Miss Ella M. Ducey, who is a native of Missouri, and they are the parents of two children, namely : Ruth, who is the wife of John E. Blaine HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 43 and lives in New York ; and Esther, who is the wife of Len Ayers, of Stevens Lake, Washington. In his political views Mr. Van Valey is aligned with the republican party, and he keeps well informed on the issues and questions of the day. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Degree of Pocahontas, and he also belongs to the United Commercial Travelers, the Everett Kiwanis Club, the Chamber of Commerce and the Riverside Commercial Club. He is deeply interested in the welfare and progress of his community, throwing his influence in favor of all measures for the public good. He is a stockholder in the Bearing Supply Company, of Everett, and is influential in local business circles. All who come within the range of his influence are profuse in their praise of his admirable qualities, for he possesses to a marked degree attributes that fully entitle him to the respect and good will of his fellowmen. CECIL W. CORNELL Cecil W. Cornell, of Everett, stands high as a business man and representative citizen of his community, and those who know him best will readily acquiesce in the statement that many elements of a solid and practical nature are united in his makeup, his career earning him a conspicuous place among his compeers. Mr. Cornell was born in Oil City, Pennsylvania, on the 31st of July, 1875, and is a son of David B. and Maude H. (Cole) Cornell, who were long respected residents of that locality. Late in life they came to Everett, Washington, to live and here spent their remaining years. Our subject attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then entered a shingle mill, where he was employed for a number of years. In 1900 he came to Washington, locating in Centralia, but later went to Sedro Woolley, Skagit county, where he was employed in mills from 1901 to 1909. In the latter year he came to Everett and bought a shingle mill, which he operated successfully until 1918, when he engaged in the hardware, furniture and undertaking business at Stanwood. He established a good business there, which he still owns, but in 1923 he came back to Everett and became manager of The Funeral Church, undertakers. Mr. Cornell thoroughly understands every detail of this business, and by his painstaking efforts and his considerate and tactful methods he has gained for the firm the confidence and esteem of the entire community. Charles J. Gunderson is president of the company and Mr. Cornell is treasurer, as well as manager. In 1898 Mr. Cornell was married to Miss Elizabeth K. Bonnankamp, of Michigan, and they have been blessed with one child, Elizabeth Aileen, who is at home. Mr. Cornell is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Loyal Order of Moose, and he also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Kiwanis Club. Politically he is an active supporter of the republican party, though the heavy demands of his business preclude his taking a very large part in public affairs. He is, nevertheless, keenly interested in everything pertaining to the prosperity and welfare of his city, standing for all that is best in community life. He is a man of kindly manner, genial and friendly in his social relations, and has gained many warm and loyal friends. GILBERT H. TWEEDIE The sterling traits of his Caledonian ancestors are manifest in the career of Gilbert H. Tweedie, a prominent merchant of Snohomish and one of the valuable citizens whom Canada has furnished to the United States. He was born in 1863 in the province of Ontario. His father, Dr. Gilbert Tweedie, was a native of Edinburgh, Scotland, and was a graduate of the University of Edinburgh, in which he completed a course in engineering, afterward going to Canada. He was one of the pioneer physicians of York, now known as Toronto, and attained high standing in his profession. His unselfish spirit and sympathetic nature made him greatly beloved, and his long and useful life was brought to a close in 1917. His widow still resides in Toronto and has reached the advanced age of ninety-two years. Gilbert H. Tweedie received. a public school education and also took a course in a business college of London, Ontario. He afterward filled a position in one of the banks of that province and in 1884 went to the Sandwich islands, where he spent seven years. He was employed by Theodore H. Davies & Company, importers and exporters, who conducted a large wholesale business, dealing in dry goods, sugar and other commodities. After leaving the 44 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY islands Mr. Tweedie came to the United States, arriving in Seattle, Washington, in February, 1890, and for two years was a resident of that city. About 1892 he went to the mines at Camp Independence, now known as Silverton, Washington, and was one of the prospectors who named Big 4 mountain. He was afterward employed in the shipyards at Seattle and for twenty years was paymaster for Moran Brothers, subsequently filling a similar position with the firm of Skinner & Eddy, also well known shipbuilders. In 1920 he came to Snohomish and purchased the business of the Banner Trading Company. The store is located at 906906% First street and the name has been changed to Tweedie's Grocery. He carries a large stock of staple and fancy groceries and under his progressive management the business has rapidly expanded. He is an honest dealer and has found that satisfied patrons constitute the best advertising. In 1919 Mr. Tweedie was united in marriage to Frances S. Thurmond, who was born in Quebec, Canada, and became a resident of Seattle, Washington, in 1897. Her parents were W. H. and Sara J. (Hall) Bacon, the former a mill owner, and both have passed away. Mr. Tweedie is connected with the Woodmen of the World and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is without party bias in politics and invariably supports the candidate whom he considers best qualified to conserve the public weal. He has had an adventurous life and in the school of experience has learned many valuable lessons. Upon the qualities of industry, perseverance and integrity he has based his success, and the respect accorded him is well deserved. JOHN P. BRENNAN No business man of Mukilteo enjoys a higher reputation than does John P. Brennan, whose identification with local mercantile affairs covers twenty-three years, and throughout this period he has evinced a deep and helpful interest in every movement affecting the welfare and progress of the community. A son of Thomas and Ellen Brennan, he was born in 1863 and is a native of Ottawa, Canada. He was reared on his father's farm and received a public school education. In 1891 he crossed the United States border, locating at Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, and later went to Minnesota. He journeyed from that state to Washington and in 1903 opened a general store in Mukilteo. He has since conducted the business, and those who first favored him with their patronage are still his customers. His stock is selected with care and discrimination, and in his dealings with the public he is always courteous, obliging and honest. In 1893 Mr. Brennan was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Isabel McDonald, also a Canadian, and they have become the parents of three children : Thomas, who is living in Everett ; Allan, a resident of Mukilteo ; and Clarence J., at home. The last named enlisted when a youth of seventeen and served until the close of the World war, never faltering in the performance of duty. Mr. Brennan is a faithful communicant of the Catholic church and exercises his right of franchise in support of the candidates of the republican party. He is connected with the Knights of Columbus and the Woodmen of the World. He has a wide acquaintance, and his genuine worth has enabled him to win and retain the esteem of all with whom he has been associated in the varied relations of life. CHARLES STALLBAUM One of the leading citizens and representative business men of Everett is Charles Stallbaum, proprietor of a successful machine and boiler shop at No. 2930 Grand avenue. His has been an eminently active and busy life, but the limited space at the disposal of the biographer forbids more than casual mention of the leading events in his career, which will, however, suffice to show that earnest endeavor and honesty of purpose, rightly applied and persistently followed, will lead to unqualified success. Mr. Stallbaum was born in Germany on the 9th of July, 1883, and is a son of August and Emily Stallbaum, the former of whom died in his native land. Our subject was reared under the parental roof and secured his education in the public schools, after which he learned the trade of a boiler maker. In 1901 the mother and four children emigrated to the United States, locating first in Cumberland, Maryland, but later came to Everett, Washington, where the mother's death occurred. In 1902 Charles Stallbaum went to Seattle and followed his trade there and at other places along the coast, finally locating at Port Townsend, where he entered the employ of the Key City Boiler Works. In 1908 he came to Everett with that company, with which he remained until HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 45 May 15, 1921, when he engaged in business on his own account, establishing a general machine and boiler shop at his present location, and here he has been rewarded with splendid success. He employs from five to twelve men, and because of the excellent quality of the work turned out by him he has gained the confidence and patronage of the community to a very gratifying degree, his establishment being numbered among the leading concerns of its kind in this locality. On February 12, 1913, Mr. Stallbaum was married to Miss Augusta Rehwinkel, who also was born in Germany, coming to the United States when fourteen years of age. To their union have been born three children, namely : Hildegard, aged twelve years ; Elsie, aged ten years ; and Mann Richard, aged two years. Mr. Stallbaum has always given his political support to the republican party and is deeply interested in everything that in any way relates to the prosperity and welfare of Everett or Snohomish county. He is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He exerts marked influence in local affairs and is regarded as a man of sterling honesty and upright character, worthy of the confidence and respect which his fellow citizens have accorded him. EDWARD J. DWYER It is a compliment worthily bestowed to say that Snohomish county is honored by the citizenship of Edward J. Dwyer, the efficient treasurer and manager of the Model Transfer and Storage Company, of Everett, for he has achieved definite success through his own efforts and is thoroughly deserving of the proud American title of self-made man. His life has been one of indefatigable industry and has been crowned with well deserved success that has gained for him a standing among the representative men of his community. Mr. Dwyer is a native of Rochester, Minnesota, born on the 13th of May, 1862, and is a son of John and Mary (Fitzpatrick) Dwyer, respected farming folk of that locality and both of whom are now deceased. Edward J. Dwyer attended the public schools of his home neighborhood, and at the age of eighteen years he went to North Dakota and took up a homestead, to the operation of which he devoted his attention for two years, and then sold it. He then went to Duluth, Minnesota, where he remained a short time, and next went to Superior, Wisconsin, where he engaged in the transfer and storage business, in which he met with fine success, carrying on the business until 1890. His next move was to Seattle, Washington, where he remained about a year, going from there to Snohomish, where he accepted the position of deputy sheriff. He held that office for six years, the last two years of which time he lived in Everett, and on retiring therefrom he engaged in the real estate business here. After following that line of work for four years, Mr. Dwyer went to the Blue mountains in Oregon, where he spent two years in prospecting. He then returned to Everett and was appointed chief of police, which office he held for two years, on the completion of which period, in 1908, he organized the Model Transfer and Storage Company, of which he is treasurer and manager, Dr. C. A. Meade being president. They constructed a fine warehouse at the corner of California and Grand avenues, which is one hundred and twenty-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size and contains two stories and basement. The company is capitalized at sixty thousand dollars and operates five trucks and moving vans. By careful attention to the details of the business and the exercising of good judgment, a large and lucrative business has been built up, and this is now one of the leading concerns of its kind in this section of the state. In 1897 Mr. Dwyer was united in marriage to Miss Viola Weller, a native of Michigan, and they are the parents of three children, namely : Helen M., Frances and Viola, all of whom are at home. In political affairs Mr. Dwyer assumes an independent attitude but votes always for what he considers the best interests of the people. He is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. A man of forceful personality and many likable qualities, he has attained a high place in the respect of his fellow business men and enjoys the esteem and good will of the people generally. AXEL E. JOHNSON A highly respected citizen of the vicinity of Snohomish, who although an American by adoption only has had the interests of Snohomish county at heart for many years, is Axel E. Johnson, a man who has won success in life because he has been persistent along well directed lines of effort. He possesses to a marked degree those elements which always win in the 46 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY battle of life, and he enjoys the esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Johnson was born in Sweden in 1867 and is a son of C. G. and Eva Maria (Svvartling) Johnson, both of whom also were natives of Sweden. They came to the United States in 1880, locating in New York state, where they remained until 1882, when they moved to North Dakota, where the father entered a homestead and created a good farm, to which he devoted his attention until his accidental death in 1905. He was survived by his widow, who died in that state in 1917. Axel E. Johnson attended the public schools of his native land, which he left, by governmental permission, in 1888, and came direct to Minnesota and Wisconsin. He was employed a short time in the woods of northern Minnesota and also engaged in railroad work in that state, helping to lay the first steel on the Chicago, Minneapolis, St.. Paul & Manitoba Railroad, now known as the Great Northern. He then went to North Dakota, where he worked for a while on a railroad, after which he was with his father on the homestead for about a year. He then homesteaded a tract of land in that state for himself, but did not prove it up, as in 1905 he came to Snohomish. Here he was employed at carpenter work, which he had been following for years, and in the fall of that year he bought his present place of ten acres. The land had been logged off but was covered with a dense second growth and brush, which required a vast amount of hard work to remove. The place is now cleared and has been developed into a well improved and productive farm. He has also bought other land and has a very desirable property. He has erected a good set of farm buildings, including a substantial and well arranged house in 1911. During the period when he was clearing the land he also worked at his trade in the community much of the time and still is recognized as one of the best carpenters in this locality. In 1895, in North Dakota, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Emma Olson, who also is a native of Sweden, a daughter of Ben and Eleanor (Paulson) Olson, farming folk, who spent their lives in their native land, both being now deceased. Mrs. Johnson came to the United States in 1888, going first to North Dakota, where she had friends and where she met Mr. JohnsOn. To their union have been born seven children, namely : Mrs. Emily Downing, of Everett, who is the mother of one child ; Ed W., who remains at home ; Larry, at home ; Mrs. Cecelia Graham, who is living on the home place ; and Julia, Minnie and May, who are at home, the two last named being students in the Snohomish high school. Mr. Johnson has been deeply interested in the welfare of his community, especially in educational affairs, and rendered effective service for seven years on the Fobes school board. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen in North Dakota. He remembers many interesting incidents of the early days here, among which he states that there was formerly an eight foot plank road to Snohomish and that in high water this road always floated. He has lived an earnest, industrious and upright life and the success which has attended his efforts has been well merited. HOMER H. AND PAUL H. HODGE One of the most capable and successful young business men of Snohomish is Homer H. Hodge, who has the local agency for the Ford cars and is associated with his brother, Paul H. Hodge. He was born August 29, 1896, in Auburn, Indiana, and is a son of David A. and Mabel (Hartman) Hodge, who migrated to the Pacific coast when he was twelve years of age. In 1908 the father entered industrial circles of Seattle, Washington, as a wholesale jeweler, and he is now the leading jeweler of Mount Vernon, this state. Homer H. Hodge supplemented his public school education by three years' attendance at the University of Washington and in 1915, while a student at that institution of learning, started to work for the Ford Motor Company. In February, 1918, he enlisted, and was sent to the noncommissioned officers' training school. He was assigned to duty with the infantry replacement division and received his honorable discharge in January, 1919. Returning to Seattle, he resumed his college studies. He remained in the employ of the Ford Motor Company for about three years and then came to Snohomish. On February 5, 1922, the Snohomish Agency was incorporated, with Sherman W. Bushnell as president and Homer H. Hodge as manager and treasurer. On May 1, 1923, Mr. Bushnell sold his stock to the subject of this sketch, who has since been president and manager, and in the same year Paul H. Hodge purchased an interest in the business, of which he is now secretary and treasurer. They are the only Ford dealers in Snohomish and also have a well equipped repair shop, in which they employ four men. Their establishment is located at 1208 First street, on which it has a frontage of fifty-five feet. It is one hundred and twenty feet deep and the rear entrance of the store is on C street. In 1923 they retailed two hundred and forty-eight cars, of which one hundred and forty-one were new machines. In 1924 they sold about two hundred cars and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 47 the busine:;s for 1925 was of equal volume. The brothers are alert, wide-awake young men, well '11 form'A on everything pertaining to the automobile trade, and the business outlook for the present year is very encouraging. On June 9, 1924, Homer E. Hodge was married, in Seattle, to Miss Vivian Lundberg, a graduate of the University of Washington. Mr. Hodge follows an independent course in politics and lends the weight of his support to all worthy civic projects. He is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. He belongs to the American Legion and while attending the State University became a member of the Delta Chi fraternity. He is a young man of high principles and his progressive spirit and executive force have carried him into important relations. Paul H. Hodge was horn September 5, 1894, and is also a native of Auburn, Indiana. He received his higher education in the University of Washington and was graduated with the class of 1917, completing a course in political economy. He responded to the call to the colors and was made an ensign in the United States navy. He served until June, 1919, making several trips across the ocean on transports while the World war was in progress, and is now on the reserve list. After his discharge he was credit man for the Black Manufacturing Company and later reentered the service of the government, becoming rehabilitation officer for the United States Veterans Bureau. In 1923 he entered the Snohomish Agency, Inc., assuming the duties of secretary and treasurer, and ably assists his brother in the conduct of the business. He is a Mason and is also identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity and the American Legion. Mr. Hodge has many friends in Snohomish and represents a fine type of American manhood and citizenship. JUSTUS HEMPLER Few merchants of Everett have met with more encouraging success than has Justus Hempler, who conducts an up-to-date meat shop in the Grand Central public market, where he controls a large and steadily increasing trade. He is one of those strong, sturdy characters who while devoting themselves closely to the advancement of their individual affairs at the same time contribute to the general prosperity of the community, and as a citizen he is public-spirited and progressive in all that the terms imply. Mr. Hempler is a native of Germany, born on the 30th of October, 1881. He was reared in his native land and secured a good education in its excellent public schools. He there learned the meat business, and in 1913 he came to the United States, locating in Bellingham, Washington, where he obtained employment as a meat cutter. Soon afterward he opened an independent market and a sausage factory at Everson and some time later established another market at Sumas, followed, in 1916, by a branch store in the Bellingham public market. He conducted these stores until 1922, when he sold out and, coming to Everett, established a meat market where he is now located. He carries a large stock of fresh and smoked meats, with the accessories usually found in a modern meat shop, and here he has built up a large and lucrative trade. By his careful attention to the wants of his patrons and his fair business methods he has gained a high reputation among the buying public. In 1906 Mr. Hempler was married to Miss Adele \Veisenborn, who also is a native of Germany, and they are the parents of a son, George, now eighteen years of age. Mr. Hempler is a member of the Sons of Herman, the Ericks, the Everett Kiwanis Club, the Auto Club, the Chamber of Commerce and the Young Men's Christian Association. He takes a proper interest in everything affecting the welfare of his community, and because of his success and his fine personal qualities he enjoys the confidence and good will of all who know him. F. HAYDEN HATFIELD The true western spirit of progress and enterprise is exemplified in the lives of such men as F. Hayden Hatfield, who is the capable manager of the Grand Central public market at Everett, and whose energetic nature and laudable ambition have enabled him to attain his present commendable station in life. Mr. Hatfield is a native of Decatur, Brown county, Ohio, born in 1893, and is a son of Hernando and Anna (Massey) Hatfield. In 1901 the family came to Washington, locating on Whidbey island, where the father was engaged in farming during the remainder of his life, being now deceased. He is survived by his widow, who lives in Bellingham, Whatcom county. Our subject was given a good public school 48 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY education in Bellingham and then went to British Columbia, where he became identified with fishing interests. Subsequently he worked in the lumbering industry and then located at Bellingham, where he was engaged in the real estate business for a time. Later he became office manager for the Bellingham public market, which position he satisfactorily filled until September, 1922, when he came to Everett as resident manager of the Grand Central public market. This market houses sixteen different merchants and is a greatly appreciated convenience for the buying public. Under Mr. Hatfield's management the market has been conducted in a modern and up-to-date manner, and his efforts to make it and keep it what it ought to be have been fully recognized and appreciated. Mr. Hatfield takes a proper interest in local public affairs, supporting his fellow citizens in all legitimate efforts to improve the city or community. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Brotherhood of American Yeomen and the American Legion, and he also belongs to the Gyro Club. Kindly and courteous in his relations with others, exercising sound judgment in all his affairs and friendly and affable in manner, he. has gained and retains a high place in the esteem and good will of all who have come in contact with him. JOHN J. CLARK A great essayist said, "The true grandeur of nations is in those qualities which constitute the true greatness of the individual." If this be true, then to such lives as that of the late John J. Clark is this country indebted for its high standing among the nations of the earth. In but few persons have there been combined so perfectly the qualities which commend men to their fellows. Possessing a strong and alert mind, a kindly and tolerant disposition, yet positive in his convictions and courageous in their utterance, a soundness of judgment and shrewdness in business affairs that would have insured success in any undertaking, and a never failing friendliness in his relations with those with whom he came in contact, Mr. Clark throughout his long and useful life commanded to the highest degree the respect and admiration of the community. His motives and actions were based on that true manhood from whose deep sources all that is precious and permanent in life must at last proceed, and his career was such that a history of his county would be incomplete without specific reference to his life and labors. Mr. Clark was born in Drummondville, on Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada, on the 14th of December, 1838, and his death occurred here on the 24th of February, 1922, at the age of eighty-three years. He was a son of John and Catherine (McDonald) Clark, both of whom were natives of Scotland. He was given the advantage of a good public school education and then engaged in mercantile pursuits. In young manhood he went to Oshkosh and then to Racine, Wisconsin, where he was engaged in business for a number of years, being quite successful. In 1890 he came to Snohomish county on an inspection trip and, liking the country, brought his family here in 1892. He was in reality one of the founders of Everett, having bought five lots in the first townsite. Soon afterward he attended a dinner in New York with Mr. Hewitt, Mr. Colby and other founders o f the town, and during the course of the dinner Mr. Hewitt asked Mrs. Colby the name of her son, who he observed was deeply interested in the good things to eat. She replied "Everett," whereupon Mr. Hewitt said, "That is what the new town will be called," and thus it was named Everett. On his first visit Mr. Clark had a keen vision of the splendid possibilities of a town at this spot, and on moving here in 1892 he at once arranged to go into business. He started a store building and shipped several carloads of merchandise here, which arrived before the structure was completed. He hastily constructed a temporary building, into which he put his stock of goods, and on the completion of his permanent building, in February, 1893, he was prepared for business. Then the great panic of that year swept over the country and for a while times were hard here, as elsewhere. He remained in the mercantile business until 1906, when he sold out to Stone & Fisher, and was then engaged in the real estate and insurance business during the remaining active years of his life. During all these years he was exerting his influence and contributing in every possible way to the upbuilding and improvement of the city and was recognized as one of the most potent factors in the splendid development which the place enjoyed. In 1873 Mr. Clark was married to Miss Amelia Robertson, who is a nAtive of Wisconsin and who is still living here. To their union were born four children, namely : Margaret J., who is the wife of F. B. Salisbury, of Clinton, Washington ; Dorcas L., who is a graduate of Whitworth College and who is now managing the Clark Investment Company, left by her HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 51 father ; Everett R., who died in 1921 ; and Esther, who was horn in Everett and who is now the wife of J. E. Moran, of Centralia, Washington. Politically Mr. Clark was an active supporter of the republican party and took a deep interest in public affairs. His religious affiliation was with the Presbyterian church, of which he was a faithful attendant and a generous supporter. He performed his full part in the development of Everett's resources and through a long period of years could always be depended upon to support wholeheartedly and unselfishly every enterprise and undertaking for the public good. His standard was a high one and he maintained it faithfully, being universally recognized as a splendid citizen, of lofty character and sturdy integrity, true to his ideals—such a man that the world was better for his having lived, and his death was regarded as a distinct and irreparable loss to his city and county. E, B. BERGESON It is a well attested maxim that the greatness of a state or a community lies not in the machinery of the government, or even in its institutions, but rather in the sterling qualities of the individual citizens, in their capacity for high and unselfish effort and their devotion to the public good. To this class belongs E. B. Bergeson, whose sheet metal works, at No. 2808 Rucker avenue, Everett, is one of the substantial and prosperous business concerns of this locality. During his connection with the business interests of this city he has achieved noteworthy success and has contributed his full share to the prosperity and progress of the community, of which he has proven himself a worthy citizen. Mr. Bergeson is a native of La Crosse, Wisconsin, born on the 23d of June, 1872, and is a son of Pere and Ingebord Bergeson, who settled in Wisconsin, where the father followed the trade of a carpenter. Both parents are now deceased. E. B. Bergeson was given the advantage of a good public school education and then went to work for wages. Later he went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he learned the trade of a tinsmith, at which he worked until 1901, and then followed his trade until 1912 in Everett. In that year he established a sheet metal shop of his own and during the ensuing years he had the pleasure of seeing his business increase until the original quarters, at No. 3006 Rucker avenue, were outgrown. In May, 1925, Mr. Bergeson erected a fine new building at No. 2808 Rucker avenue, where he is now established and where he has all the necessary equipment for the manufacture of anything in his line. He employs none but expert workmen, and because of the first-class quality of his work and his sound methods he is enjoying a prosperous and steadily increasing business. Mr. Bergeson was married in 1913 to Miss Hulda Franks of Everett. Fraternally he is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, and belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce. In his political views Mr. Bergeson is independent, preferring to vote according to his own judgment. He stands earnestly for all that is best in community life, supporting all measures for the public good along material, civic or moral lines, while he also maintains a generous attitude toward worthy benevolent causes. He possesses excellent discrimination and mature judgment in business matters and is held in high regard in commercial and social circles of his city. SOLON J. HOLCOMB Solon J. Holcomb, one of the foremost dairymen of the county, has done much to stimulate the development of that industry and also exerts a strong influence in business circles of Snohomish. A native of Bradford county, Pennsylvania, he was bon May 31, 1880, and was in his ninth year when his parents, A. H. and A. J. (Havens) Holcomb, traveled to the Pacific coast. They reached Seattle, Washington, May 26, 1889, and witnessed the disastrous fire which started on the 6th of the following month. The father was a dealer in horses and in partnership with a cousin was engaged in business in that city for four years. On the expiration of that period he settled in Snohomish county, in which he followed the occupation of farming for many years, and is now living retired in Snohomish. On the completion of his high school course S. J. Holcomb entered the Washington State College at Pullman and was graduated with the class of 1903. He was reared on his father's ranch and mastered the various phases of agricultural pursuits. He remained on 52 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the homestead until 1916 and then opened a dairy in Snohomish, securing a store at the corner of First and B streets. He has a large dairy on the farm, specializing in Holstein cattle, and sells all of the output, also buying large quantities of milk and cream from neighboring ranches. Mr. Holcomb has one of the largest independent dairies in the county and manufactures butter and ice cream, made under perfectly sanitary conditions. His products are of superior quality, resulting from the use of system and science in their preparation, and the output is sold chiefly in Everett. Mr. Holcomb caters to both the wholesale and retail trades and utilizes two delivery trucks. He furnishes work to eighteen persons in the store and employs six men on the farm. He has an authoritative knowledge of the dairy industry and his powers of organization and administration have enabled him to build up a business of large proportions. In 1904 Mr. Holcomb married Miss Belle Fenlason, a daughter of W. J. Fenlason, who came to Snohomish county in 1867 and was one of its first settlers, experiencing all of the hardships and dangers incident to pioneer life. To Mr. and Mrs. Holcomb has been born a daughter, Dorothy, who is attending the Washington State College. Mr. Holcomb is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is an adherent of the republican party and for three years has been a member of the city council. He does all in his power to further the progress of his community and has adopted as the guide-posts of his life those principles which constitute the basis of all honorable and desirable prosperity. ERNEST E. KINGSLEY Ernest E. Kingsley, who is the able and efficient manager at Everett for Mannings, Inc., belongs to that class of substantial men whose careers show no meteoric qualities, but who by their consistent lives and persistent efforts along right lines have attained a place of compelling importance in their respective communities. A native of Auburn, Maine, he was born on the 16th of December, 1875, and is a son of H. G. and N. E. (Webb) Kingsley, the former of whom was a mill man, but is now deceased. The mother is still living in Maine. After securing his education in the public schools of his native city, our subject went to work in the mills, and later clerked in stores for a number of years. In 1904 he came to Seattle, Washington, and during the ensuing ten years was engaged in farming in King county, and in 1910-13 had charge of the Reformatory farm at Monroe. In 1917 he came to Everett as manager for Mannings, Inc., which is one of the largest firms in its line of business on the Pacific coast, having sixteen retail branches. Here Mr. Kingsley conducts the coffee house, in connection with which he also conducts a lunch business, and since coming here he has greatly increased the business by his enterprising and energetic methods. Mr. Kingsley was married, March 20, 1906, to Miss Edith TeRoller, who was born at Holland, Michigan, and they are the parents of three children, namely : Ernest Lester, Kenneth and Reta, all of whom are students in high school. Mr. Kingsley is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Brotherhood of American Yeomen. He also belongs to the Lions Club, of which he was president in 1925, and to the Everett Chamber of Commerce, and is a director of the Young Men's Christian Association. Politically he is a republican. He is a man of splendid personality and cordial manner and has gained a host of warm and loyal friends throughout this community. JAMES PEARL Among the successful and enterprising merchants of Snohomish of a past generation, whose memories are still revered by the citizens of the community, was James Pearl, whose death occurred here January 16, 1899. Coming to this locality in the formative period in its history, he bore his share of the burdens of the new community and contributed his full quota to the development and progress of the locality, in the affairs of which he was a potent factor. Mr. Pearl was born in New Brunswick in 1849 and was a son of Richard and Margaret Pearl. The father died when our subject was very young and the latter afterward accompanied the family on their removal to Eau Claire, Wisconsin, in the public schools of which locality he secured his education. In the period of the gold excitement in those early days he came to the Pacific coast, locating in Snohomish, where he became identified with the logging business. He was successful in that line of work and remained closely and actively connected with it for many years. He was a government log scaler for a number of years HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 53 and also dealt extensively in logs, having a large boom at Priest Point. In 1897 Mr. Pearl established a shoe store in Snohomish, which proved a successful venture, and he conducted it up to the time of his death. In 1890 Mr. Pearl was united in marriage to Miss Mary Frances Bird, who was born in Whitewater, Wisconsin, a daughter of William and Mary (Hannigan) Bird, both of whom were natives of Ireland, and of whose children she was the youngest. These children were as follows : 'William, deceased, who was the father of a (laughter; John, deceased ; Thomas, deceased, who was the father of five children; Mrs. Margaret Streng, now deceased, who was the mother of four children, of whom two, Mrs. Monica Streng Campbell and Mrs. Louise Streng Harrington, live in Everett ; and Mary Frances, Mrs. Pearl. Mrs. Pearl lived in Wisconsin until 1889, when she came west, her marriage to Mr. Pearl occurring but a few weeks after her arrival here. After her husband's death she continued the business for twenty-six years, disposing of it by sale in March, 1925, and since May of that year she has been living in Los Angeles, California. To Mr. and Mrs. Pearl were born three children, namely : Gertrude, who is employed in a shoe store in Los Angeles ; Viola, who is the wife of Marcus S. Greenleaf, an automobile salesman in Los Angeles, and has two children, Marcia and James Pearl ; and Ita, who is cashier in the office of the telephone company in Los Angeles, California. Mr. Pearl was a stanch democrat in his political views and was active and influential in local public affairs, being a member of that group of prominent men known as the "Big Four." He served effectively as a member of the city council and in many ways was connected with affairs that related to the prosperity and welfare of the community. He was a faithful communicant of the Roman Catholic church and was a generous supporter of all worthy benevolent or charitable organizations. Personally he was a man of kindly and cordial manner, whose friends were in number as his acquaintances, and throughout the community he was held in the highest esteem. Mrs. Louise Streng Harrington was horn in Whitewater, Wisconsin, and at the age of eight years she came west with Mrs. Pearl, with whom she thereafter made her home. She received her education in the public schools o f Snohomish and then engaged in teaching school, in which she was eminently successful. She taught a term in Hartford and in various district schools in the county, and also at South Snohomish, Monroe and Getchell. In 1903 she became the wife of Martin Harrington, who is a native of Minnesota. He came to Snohomish in the early '90s and was employed as a shingle weaver. From 1907 to 1910 he operated a shingle mill in Lowell and then for a number of years was employed in a shingle mill in Bellingham. Later, for about five years, he was in the mill business on his own account in Blaine, but sold out in 1920 and since then has been connected with the Jamieson mill at Everett. Mr. and Mrs. Harrington have one child, Leslie J., who is a graduate of the Everett high school and is now a bookkeeper in the First National Bank of this city. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus, the family being members of the Roman Catholic church. Mrs. Monica Streng Campbell was horn in Whitewater, Wisconsin, and she too came to Washington with Mrs. Pearl, with whom she lived until her marriage to Colin Campbell. Mr. Campbell was born in Victoria, British Columbia, and was of Scottish descent, his parents having come from Scotland to Victoria in a very early day. Mr. Campbell was a resident of Snohomish at the time of his marriage, and he remained here two years, being employed as a bookkeeper. He then went to Bellingham, Washington, where he became bookkeeper for the George E. Brand Company, with which he remained up to the time of his death, which occurred June 5, 1906. To him and his wife were born two children, namely : Louise, who secured a good public school education and then became the wife of Clarence Nelson, to which union has been born a son, Robert ; and J. Harry, who was graduated from the Snohomish high school and is now receiving teller in the First National Bank of Everett. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus. After her husband's death Mrs. Campbell devoted herself to nursing, both private and in the Snohomish Hospital, but later she was married to her husband's brother, J. H. Campbell, who is bookkeeper for the Pacific Grocery Company. By a former marriage he has two children: Catherine, who is a student in the Everett high school ; and Lester, who is a student in the Portland Dental College. A. E. NUGENT A. E. Nugent has long enjoyed prestige as one of the leading citizens of Everett and as a business man against whose record no word of suspicion has ever been uttered. He is a prominent factor in the automobile business here, his success being the legitimate result of genuine merit and ability, and in every relation of life he has so ordered his actions as to 54 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY earn the unqualified esteem and respect of his fellow citizens. Mr. Nugent was born on the 31st of July, 1891, in Ontario, Canada, and is a son of Thomas and Jane (Halstead) Nugent, the latter of whom is deceased. The father, who was a farmer and logger, is now living at Whitby, Ontario. After completing the public school course, A. E. Nugent attended Albert College, in Ontario, and then became a traveling salesman for a cereal concern, by which he was employed from 1909 to 1921. In the latter year he came to Everett and bought the Chevrolet agency, which he has conducted to the present time and in which he has met with much more than ordinary success. In February, 1922, lie moved to 3020 Rucker avenue, where he rented a two story building, seventy-five by one hundred and twenty-five feet in size. Later he built on the 'adjoining lot a two story building fifty by one hundred and twenty-five feet in size, thus giving him over thirty thousand feet of floor space, all of which he utilizes. He has been remarkably successful in building up the sales of Chevrolet cars throughout this county and has come to be recognized as one of the leading automobile men of the city. In addition to the sales department, Mr. Nugent also maintains a splendid repair and service section, where all kinds of repairs are quickly and efficiently made. Thirty-two people are employed in all departments. Mr. Nugent also operates a branch agency at Monroe, which he opened in August, 1924. On June 1, 1916, Mr. Nugent was married to Miss Norma Koken, of St. Louis, Missouri, and they are the parents of a daughter, Ruth Gertrude. Mr. Nugent is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has taken all the degrees of the York Rite, the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Socially he belongs to the Everett Golf and Country Club, the Cascade Club and the Kiwanis Club. He is a member of the Automotive Trades Association, of which he was president in 1922, and of the Chamber of Commerce, of which he was a director in 1923-24. Politically he is a stanch supporter of the republican party and is a man of sound opinions and definite views on public questions. He has earnestly cooperated with his fellow citizens in all movements for the betterment of the city and is regarded as a man of fine public spirit. Quiet and unassuming in manner, he is nevertheless a man of earnest purpose and positive character and conducts his business affairs according to the highest plane of commercial ethics. GEORGE M. MITCHELL George M. Mitchell, an active representative of the legal profession at Stanwood during the past twenty-three years, has continuously filled the office of city attorney for a longer period than any other man in the state of Washington. His birth occurred in Scott county, Indiana, on the 26th of February, 1872, his parents being Jasper N. and Lydia (Richey) Mitchell, the former a native of McMinnville, Tennessee. Jasper N. Mitchell became a well known carpenter contractor and also engaged in railroad contracting. He remained in the Hoosier state from the time of the Civil war until his death, which occurred in 1882, when he had reached the age of fifty-two years. The mother was born and reared in Indiana and still makes her home at Seymour, that state. George M. Mitchell was the third of their family of six children, and in his youthful days he attended the public schools of his native state until he reached the age of sixteen years, when he made his way to the northwest, reaching the Puget Sound country when a youth of seventeen. He worked as a farm hand and in logging camps in San Juan county during the year 1889 and then took up his abode at Blanchard in Skagit county, where he followed the profession of school teaching for about a decade, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge which he had acquired. In the meantime he studied law, reading in the library of Ex-Senator J. B. McMillan. Mr. Mitchell returned to the state of his nativity to complete his training for his chosen calling, entering the law department of Valparaiso University, from which he was graduated in October, 1901. In the same year he was admitted to the bar at Indianapolis for practice in the supreme court of Indiana, the motion for admission being made by the late John W. Kern. He then went to Mount Vernon, Washington, was admitted to practice in this state in 1902 and there followed his profession for a year or until September, 1903, when he removed to Stanwood, where he has since made his home, continuing in active practice throughout the intervening period to the present. In 1910 he was admitted to practice in the United States district and United States circuit courts. He is careful and painstaking in the preparation of his cases, thorough and logical in his reasoning and strong in his conclusions. Aside from his professional activity he is identified with financial affairs as a director of the Bank of Stanwood. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 55 A stanch republican in his political views, Mr. Mitchell exerts a widely felt influence in political circles and over the public life of the community, and he stands at all times for those things which he believes will most efficiently promote the progress and upbuilding of his district. He has served as republican precinct committeeman during the past several years and has made a splendid record in the office of city attorney, the length of his continued service therein being unparalleled in the state. Mr. Alitchell has also rendered effective service to the cause of education as president of the school board. He served as justice of the peace while in Mount Vernon, and on one occasion he received the nomination for state senator in the thirty-ninth district but was defeated because of the Bull Moose ticket being also in the field. He is a Presbyterian in religious faith and fraternally is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Masonic order, belonging to Camanio Lodge No. 19, A. F. & A. M., at Stanwood, of which he has been master ; Everett Chapter No. 24, R. A. M. ; Mount Vernon Commandery No. 16, K. T. ; and Nile Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. Mr. Mitchell has also beery worthy patron of the Eastern Star. Along strictly professional lines he has membership connection with the Snohomish County Bar Association and the Washington State Bar Association. A contemporary biographer said of him : "While he is neglectful of no duty devolving upon him, the major part of his attention is given to his law practice and in that connection he performs every duty with a sense of conscientious obligation." In Spokane, on the 13th of June, 1904, Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage to Miss Lydia Hemrich, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of Andrew and Elizabeth (Schneider) Hemrich. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell became the parents of two daughters : Marguerite, who is a student in the State Normal School at Bellingham ; and Dorothy, who is attending high school. FRED McCANN The United States has no better citizens than those whom Canada has furnished to to this country. Industrious, capable and progressive, they strengthen the best interests of every community in which they are found, and of this type is Fred McCann, one of Marys-ville's leading merchants and substantial business men, who was born August 15, 1880, in York Mills, New Brunswick. His parents, Bernard and Agnes (Lister) McCann, have passed away. Fred McCann was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of his native province. He was employed as a logger for a number of years and about 1904 came to Washington. After a brief stay in Seattle he came to Marysville and worked for some time in the mills of this locality. In 1907 he engaged in general merchandising as a member of the firm of Crain & McCann and success attended the venture. They secured a large patronage and also invested in real estate. They erected several store buildings, all of which are rented, and did much to develop and improve the town. Eventually Mr. McCann purchased his partner's interest in the store, which he now controls, handling feed, groceries, dry goods and shoes. He is an honest dealer, giving his customers good value for the amount expended, and his business is systematically conducted. He is courteous and obliging and his trade covers a wide area. In 1908 Mr. McCann married Miss Margaret I. McCorkindale, a daughter of L. Mc-Corkindale, a well known hardware merchant of Marysville, and they have two sons, Kenneth and Donald. Mr. McCann casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and conscientiously discharges the duties of citizenship, but has never aspired to public office. He belongs to the Commercial Club and along fraternal lines is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has never been afraid of hard work, knowing that diligence constitutes the basis of advancement in all lines of endeavor, and his constructive labors have been of direct benefit to his community as well as a source of individual prosperity. FRANK HOBBS Frank Hobbs, manager of the Boone Buick Company, of Everett, began life practically at the bottom of the ladder, which he has mounted by his own untiring efforts, and he is well deserving of the fine success which is now crowning his labors. A native of London, England, he was born on the 21st of April, 1894, and is a son of Thomas and Lucy Hobbs. When he was two years of age the family came to the United States, locating in Los Angeles, where 56 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the father was engaged in business as a contractor and builder for a number of years. He is now living in Tacoma, Washington. After completing his course in the public schools of Los Angeles, Frank Hobbs, at the age f fifteen years, became identified with the automobile business, entering the office of the Durocar in that city. He also worked with other automobile concerns there until 1912, when he came to Seattle, Washington, and went to work for the Ford Motor Company. Later he was at Victoria, British Columbia, with the Wood Motor Company, until 1914, when he went to Portland, Oregon, and entered the employ of Boone & Company, who at that time had the Ford agency and in 1915 took on the Chevrolet cars. In 1916 Mr. Hobbs went with the Firestone agency as manager, retaining that position until the United States entered the World war, when he enlisted in the Motor Transport Corps and was sent overseas with the Forty-first Division. He saw much active service in France, was placed in charge of the Romorantin supply depot, with the rank of first lieutenant, and on the completion of his duties there was mustered out with the rank of captain, returning to this country in June, 1919. He then returned to Seattle and was engaged in the used-car business until 1921, when he came to Everett as manager of the Boone Buick Company, which is owned by Boone & Company, of Seattle. In this position Mr. Hobbs has had abundant scope for the exercise of his ability as a manager and salesman, and his record is one of which he has every reason to be proud. The Buick agency here occupies a two story building, one hundred by one hundred and twenty feet in size, in which is carried a complete line of Buick cars, and in connection with which there is also maintained a complete and well equipped repair and service department. Eighteen people are employed, and the volume of sales has steadily increased since Mr. Hobbs took charge, this being now one of the most prosperous automobile agencies in Everett. Mr. Hobbs was married, in September, 1923, to Mrs. Florence M. Green, of Everett. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has taken all the degrees of the York Rite ; the American Legion, and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, also belonging to the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Automobile Trade Association. He gives his political support to the republican party and takes a proper interest in public affairs, particularly such as relate to the prosperity and upbuilding of his own locality. He enjoys a large acquaintance throughout this county and has come to be recognized as one of the leading citizens of the community. CHARLES F. MOEHRING Charles F. Moehring, who has been continuously and successfully engaged in business as a shoe merchant of Snohomish throughout the past thirty-eight years, became a pioneer in this field of activity in the county and has long enjoyed an enviable reputation as one of its representative business men and highly esteemed citizens. He was one of the proprietors of the first exclusive shoe house in Snohomish, which was also the first one within the borders of Snohomish county. His birth occurred in Pekin, Illinois, on the 11th of September, 1859, and he was the youngest of three children born to Frederick C. and Helena (Helwigs) Moeh-ring, natives of Germany who came to the United States about 1858. The elder Moehring died when the subject of this biography. was only six weeks old, and the latter was reared by the mother, who was remarried to H. 0. Otten, by whom she had three children. She died in Illinois in 1900. Charles F. Moehring received his education in Illinois, attending both parochial and public schools. At fourteen lie was learning the trade of a shoemaker and for several years alternated between using the last and clerking in stores. When he became of age he had completed his training as a craftsman and at once opened a shoe shop on his own account in Pekin, Illinois. He managed this business for three years, selling out and becoming a shoe salesman in a large establishment. In 1888, when a young man of twenty-nine, he made his way westward to Washington and at Snohomish, in company with his step-brother, John Otten, opened the first exclusive shoe house in the city and county, under the name of Otten & Moehring. This business was continued until 1893, when Mr. Otten withdrew and left the trade in Mr. Moehring's hands. In 1896 he established a branch store in Everett, but after six months of experiment removed the stock to his Snohomish store. In 1909 Mr. Moehring erected a fine building, thirty-six by sixty feet, at the corner of First and C streets in Snohomish, which he his since utilized exclusively in the conduct of his business. His trade has assumed extensive and profitable proportions and his reputation as a thoroughly reliable and up-to-date merchant is an enviable one. In addition to his shoe store Mr. Moehring has property interests in both Snohomish and Everett. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 57 In 1882, at Pekin, Illinois, Mr. Moehring married Miss Clara Fauth, (laughter of John and Elizabeth (Morgenstern) Fauth. Mr. Fauth, a Pennsylvanian by birth, was a blacksmith and miner, and lie died in 1888. M rs. Fatah was born in Germany, coming to the United States when a young lady. Mrs. Moehring was born in Pennsylvania on the 30th of January, 1861. When she was four years old her parents moved to Illinois and located in Pekin, where she acquired her education. Mr. and Mrs. Moehring became the parents of seven sons and two daughters, as follows : Henry F. ; Frederick C., who passed away in 1918 ; Carl W. ; Walter P. ; Julia H., now Mrs. M. S. Gerend ; Luther H.: Albert T.; Ellis H. and Esther E., who is at home. In politics Mr. Moehring maintains an independent attitude, supporting men and measures rather than party. He has made a commendable record as a member of the city council and has never withheld his support and cooperation from any movement or measure calculated to advance the general welfare. A contemporary biographer characterized Mr. Moehring as "a man of sterling character, of business ability of a high order and of citizenship of the best kind." W. T. FLYG One of the public-spirited and favorably known citizens of Everett is W. T. Flyg, the efficient and capable office manager for the Bearing Supply Company. What he has achieved in life proves the force of his character and illustrates his steadfastness of purpose. His advancement to a position of honor and responsibility in business affairs is the direct outcome of his faithfulness to duty in all the relations of life, and his congenial and accommodating disposition has gained for him the friendship of all who know him. He was born in Tooele, Tooele county, Utah, on the 9th of November, 1900, and is a son of Jacob and Anna Flyg, the former of whom was a machinist by trade. W. T. Flyg was reared at home and was given the advantage of a good public school education. He then went to work in a sugar factory, where he was employed until 1919, in which year he came to Everett, becoming identified with the Bearing Supply Company from the time of its organization. This concern is one of great importance to the automobile interests of this section of the state, handling replacement parts for all makes of cars and tractors and specializing in the handling of bearings of all kinds, carrying the largest and most complete stock in the entire northwest. Mr. Flyg has devoted himself indefatigably to the interests of this business and has been a strong factor in its splendid success. He is a man of good judgment and discrimination and is ably filling the position which he now holds. In 1920 Mr. Flyg was united in marriage to Miss Anna Bulger, of Everett, and they have a son, William. During the World war Mr. Flyg enlisted in his country's service but was not sent overseas. He is a member of the American Legion and of the Security Benefit Association. Unobtrusive in manner, yet a man of strong individuality, he has made a favorable impression on all with whom he has come in contact since coming to Everett and is well deserving of the high place which he holds in public confidence and good will. WALTER C. STEARNS The city of Everett received a desirable acquisition to her citizenship when Walter C. Stearns became identified with this locality. He is a fine type of the progressive men of affairs who characterize the business interests of this locality. and since locating here he has met with a very gratifying measure of success. Keenness of perception, tireless energy and persistency of purpose, together with sound business judgment, are among his prominent characteristics, and his strong personality has gained for him a high standing among those with whom he has come in contact. Mr. Stearns is a native of the old Empire state, born at Yonkers, New York, on the 12th of April, 1872, and is a son of John N. and Alice A. (Bloomer) Stearns. His father was a successful silk manufacturer in New York, conducting business under the name of John N. Stearns & Company. Our subject received his elementary education under private tutors and then entered Princeton University, from which he was graduated in 1893, with the degree of Civil Engineer. He then entered his father's business and was later for twelve years engaged in the silk manufacturing business for himself. Eventually he sold his interests in that business and in 1919 came to Everett and bought the Kane & Harcus stationery store, which he has since conducted under his own name. He has 58 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY a large and well arranged store, twenty-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size, at 1804 Hewitt avenue, where he carries a large and excellently selected stock of all kinds of stationery, books and such auxiliary supplies as are usually found in a well conducted store of this kind. Mr. Stearns is courteous and accommodating in his relations with the public and has enjoyed a large and steadily increasing business since locating here. In 1920 Mr. Stearns was married to Miss Bessie Wilson, of Seattle, a daughter of Howard Wilson, who was a pioneer settler in Spokane, Washington. Mrs. Stearns is a niece of Senator John L. Wilson, of Seattle, and of Henry Lane Wilson, United States ambassador to Mexico. Mr. Stearns has always given his political support to the republican party. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the degree of Knight Templar, and also belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and takes a public-spirited interest in all affairs affecting the prosperity and welfare of the community along material, civic or moral lines. He is a man of pleasing address, kindly and affable in manner, and throughout the range of his acquaintance is held in the highest measure of confidence and esteem. HYRCANUS BLACKMAN The life history of Hyrcanus Blackman was closely identified with the history of Snohomish county, which was long his home. His life was one of untiring activity and was crowned with a very satisfactory measure of success, for he was a man of splendid business judgment. He was of the highest type of progressive citizen, his integrity and fidelity being manifested in every relation of life, and his death was looked upon as an irreparable loss to this community. Mr. Blackman was born at Bradley, Penobscot county, Maine, on the 4th of January, 1847, and was the scion of a long line of American ancestors. He remained in his native state until reaching manhood, in the meantime receiving a good education in the public schools. At about the time he attained his majority he engaged, with several of his brothers, in the lumber business, which he carried on for several years. In November, 1872, he came to Washington, locating first in Seattle, where he remained for a few months, and then went to Snohomish county, where for about two years he was in the employ of Eugene Smith. He then located near Snohomish, where, in partnership with two of his brothers, he engaged in the logging business at what is now known as Blackman's lake. After running this business for ten years he established a sawmill at Snohomish, one of the first in the county, and carried that business on for about seven years, when the mill was destroyed by fire. This was a particularly disastrous fire from the fact that at that time he had secured a number of large orders from Seattle for building material, which, of course, he was unable to deliver. He then built a mill at South Snohomish, but this mill was burned before it was quite completed. Going to Granite Falls, he built another mill, but the fire demon still pursued him, for this also was burned, making the third disastrous mill fire for him in six years, with no insurance on any of them. He next went to Everett, where he built a fourth mill, which he operated for about three years and then sold. One year later this mill was burned. Mr. Blackman then when to Lake Chelan, where he was employed by the government for about six months in the building of the military post. He had previously had some practical experience in building, having erected the Penobscot Hotel in Snohomish, and it is a peculiar coincidence that this building too was later destroyed by fire. About 1907 Mr. Blackman moved to Wenatchee, Chelan county, where he and his two brothers had a thirty-six acre apple orchard, and here he met with splendid success, remaining thus engaged until 1920, when he sold his interest in the orchard and retired from active business affairs. His death occurred June 1, 1921. In 1870, at Bradley, Maine, Mr. Blackman was married to Miss Ella E. Knapp, who was horn and reared in Bradley. Her father also was a native of that town, while her mother was born in New Brunswick. Both her grandfathers were natives of England. She spent her girlhood in her native town and after completing her public school course entered the East Maine Conference Seminary, at Bucksport, Maine. To Mr. and Mrs. Blackman were born two children: Clifford A., who was born in Snohomish in 1884, is now deceased. He completed his education in the Puget Sound Academy, at Snohomish, and then engaged in the fruit business. He was married to Miss Maude Morgan and they had three children—one who died in infancy, and Beverley and Barbara, who are now living in Wenatchee. Clifford died in 1920 of influenza. Eunice L. became the wife of Dr. William S. Ford, and they are now living on the fruit ranch at Wenatchee. Mrs. Ford was graduated from the Snohomish high school and in music at the Puget Sound Academy. They have one child, Phyllis. Mr. Blackman was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons and the Knights of Pythias. ~~ HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 61 Politically he gave his support to the democratic party and took an active interest in local public affairs. He was the first mayor of Snohomish and also served one term in the Washington state legislature, where his record was marked by a conscientious performance of duty and faithful attention to the interests of his constituents. He ever enjoyed the respect and esteem of those who knew him, because of his friendly manner, his business ability, his interest in public affairs and his upright life, and he was regarded by all as one of the substantial and most worthy citizens of his community. He was kindly and generous in his attitude toward all worthy causes and in all that constituted true manhood and good citizenship was a worthy example. HARRY E. PARSONS Harry E. Parsons, agent at East Stanwood for the Great Northern Railroad Company, has been connected with transportation affairs from the age of eighteen years, and he is also numbered among the progressive agriculturists of this district. He was born September 23, 1866, and is a native of Independence, Iowa. His parents were George V. and Sophia (Edge-comb) Parsons, the former a prominent physician of Independence. The son received a public school education and in 1884 began his business career as a messenger boy in the offices of the Illinois Central Railroad Company. He learned telegraphy and in 1887 was made agent at Orchard, Iowa. He was stationed at various points in North Dakota, and in 1902 he went to Fisher, Minnesota, as agent for the Great Northern Railroad Company. In 1908 he was transferred to East Stanwood and has since been agent at this point. In 1890 Mr. Parsons married Miss Blanch Thornburg, who was born in Orchard, Iowa, and Floy, their only child, is now the wife of R. M. Bailey, a successful architect. They reside in Ames, Iowa, and have one child, a son. Mr. Parsons is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and has been secretary of the local Commercial Club. He is a republican and at one time was candidate for mayor. He has served as councilman of East Stanwood and champions every project destined to prove of benefit to the community, enjoying to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. For relaxation Mr. Parsons turns to agricultural pursuits and takes commendable pride in his home, which is situated near the town. He grows fruit and vegetables and also raises poultry. He has built an attractive home and is constantly adding improvements to his farm, thus enhancing its value. WALTER EVERETT SPRINGER The life of Walter Everett Springer, well known business man of Everett, has been characterized by industry, honesty and steadfastness of purpose, the prosperity which he enjoys standing in unmistakable evidence of his ability and sound judgment. He is essentially a man of affairs, careful of his plans and exercising judicious foresight, while his energy and concentration of purpose have enabled him to achieve results which have excited the admiration of his fellow citizens. Mr. Springer is a native of Washington, born at Port Townsend on the 21st of October, 1892, and is a son of Ransom and Ellen Springer, the former a native of Maine and the latter of England. The father came to Port Townsend in 1880, was married there, and was engaged in the mercantile business for a number of years. In 1891 he came to Everett and opened the first stationery store here, being located at 1313 Hewitt avenue, where he continued in business until his death, which occurred in 1914. He is survived by his widow, who still resides here. Walter E. Springer received a good public school education, and he then obtained employment as a clerk in a clothing store. In 1913 he established the Diamond Dye Works at 2921 Wetmore avenue, where he met with such success that he was obliged to secure larger and more convenient accommodations, moving, in March, 1923, to a new building erected especially for him at 2927 Wetmore avenue. This structure, built of brick, is twenty-five by eighty-five feet in size and is well adapted to this business, Mr. Springer being now well equipped in every respect for the handling of his rapidly increasing trade. He employs seven people and uses two automobile delivery trucks, and he handles every kind of cleaning and dyeing work. Efficiency and promptness have been the cardinal principles by which he has built up his enterprise, and he is now commanding the major part of the local trade in his line, due to his enterprising methods and close attention to his business. In 1912 Mr. Springer was married to Miss Margaret Rashleigh, of Everett, and they are the parents of a son, Robert Walter. Mr. Springer is a member of the Benevolent Protective 62 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Order of Elks and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while he also belongs to the Everett Lions Club and the Chamber of Commerce. Politically he maintains an independent attitude, voting for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. Mr. Springer bears the distinction of being the oldest living man named after the town of Everett, and he has truly honored his city by his upright life, his commendable interest in the public affairs of the community and his contribution to its prosperity. EMERY E. PURDY Emery E. Purdy is one of the well known morticians of Snohomish and a self-made man, with a background of more than twenty years' experience in this line of business. He was born in Kansas, November 8, 1864, and his parents, Richard and Rachel (Purdy) Purdy, were natives of Ohio. While in Kansas the father became a prominent railroad contractor, doing much important construction work. He returned to Ohio during the childhood of the subject of this sketch and was there engaged in farming until his retirement. In the acquirement of an education Emery E. Purdy attended the public schools of Ohio and afterward entered the Clark Embalming School at Cincinnati, from which he was graduated March 5, 1904. He first located in Chesterville, Ohio, where he lived until 1907, and has since been engaged in the undertaking business in Snohomish. He was the first funeral director in the county to open a residence undertaking parlor, and he has always been a leader in the business, of which he has a highly specialized knowledge. He has opened a branch establishment at Monroe and both are operated under the style of E. E. Purdy & Sons. The business at Monroe is also conducted in residence parlors, which were built by the firm. The wife of Emery E. Purdy is an expert embalmer and has aided materially in the development of the business, which has assumed large proportions. The firm has fine equipment and funeral accessories and the service is adapted to every need. On March 19, 1891, Mr. Purdy married Miss Samantha E. Lepley, of Knox county, Ohio. Her parents, Martin and Elizabeth Jane (Bebout) Lepley, were natives of Pennsylvania and migrated to Ohio in pioneer times, traveling in a wagon drawn by oxen. Mr. Lepley devoted his life to the cultivation of the soil. Mrs. Purdy was graduated from the Meyers College of Embalming in 1906 and is the only licensed woman undertaker in Snohomish county. Mr. and Mrs. Purdy have three children, all of whom are graduates of the Snohomish high school. Richard Chase, the eldest, is a graduate of Ohio University at Athens, which conferred upon him the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He also is a graduate of the Columbus Training School of Embalming and is a licensed embalmer in the states of Ohio and Washington. Fraternally he is identified with Monroe Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He was in military service during the World war. Ellsworth L. is a graduate of the Hohenschuh-Carpenter College of Embalming at Des Moines, Iowa, and is successfully managing the E. E. Purdy & Sons establishment at Monroe, Washington. He married Neva Parkhurst, and they have two children, Ellsworth David and Richard William. For eleven months during the progress of the World war he served overseas in the Merchant Marine. Like his brother, Ellsworth L. Purdy is a worthy exemplar of the teachings and purposes of the Masonic fraternity, to which he belongs. The sister, Dorothy Ellen Purdy, is attending the conservatory of Music at Oberlin College in Ohio. Emery E. Purdy attends the Baptist church, and the other members of the family are Presbyterians and Methodists in religious faith. He casts his ballot for the candidate whom he regards as best fitted for office, irrespective of party ties. He is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Knights of Pythias, the, Foresters, the Masons and the Eastern Star, also belonging to the Grange. He has always manifested a deep interest in everything touching the welfare and progress of his community and is esteemed for the qualities to which he owes his success. BENJAMIN T. SMITH It is the progressive, wide-awake men of affairs who make the real history of a community, and their influence as potent factors of the body politic is difficult to determine. The examples such men furnish of patient purpose and steadfast integrity strongly illustrate what is in the power of each to accomplish and there is always a full measure of satisfaction in adverting in even a casual way to their achievements in advancing the interests of their HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 63 fellowmen and in giving strength and solidity to the institutions which mean so much to the prosperity of the community. In pursuing the life record of Benjamin T. Smith it is manifest that he has, by his persistent efforts along well directed lines, not only gained a fine measure of individual success but has also given loyal support to every measure for the advancement of the community's best interests. Mr. Smith was born in Rockport, Spencer county, Indiana, on the 4th of July, 1882, one of six sons and four daughters born to Benjamin T. and Mary F. (Wade) Smith, both of whom are now deceased. He is descended from a long line of sterling ancestors, the line running back to the colonial (lays in our country's history. The family was long established in Virginia, and our subject's paternal great-grandfather served under General Taylor in the War of 1812. The grandfather, John H. Smith, was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and his son, our subject's father, was engaged in the mercantile business in Indiana. Mary F. Wade was of Holland Dutch descent and a daughter of Henry B. Wade, who was a tanner by trade, and also taught music. Benjamin T. Smith, Sr., had an honorable military record, having served through the Civil war as a lieutenant in Company K, Fourteenth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, with which he took part in many of the most important battles of that great struggle. He was finally wounded at Chancellorsville and was invalided home. He also had five brothers in that war, four of whom were killed in battle. The junior Benjamin T. Smith attended the public schools until the age of thirteen years, when he went to work as a clerk in a store, following that line of employment until he had attained his majority, and in 1903 lie came to Washington, locating in Seattle. There he was employed in a shoe store until 1920, when he came to Everett and entered the employ of the J. C. Penny Company, of whose shoe department he had charge for two years. In May, 1922, Mr. Smith opened the Downstairs Shoe Store, in the basement of the Stokes building, 2902 Wetmore avenue. In this venture his business judgment has been abundantly vindicated, for he has enjoyed a steady and continuous increase in business, until now his trade is one of the best in the city and county. He has devoted himself closely to his business and by courtesy and fair dealing has won a host of friends. In 1909 Mr. Smith was married to Miss Jessie Strase, of Seattle, the adopted daughter of William H. and Isabel (Boyd) Strase, who located in that city in 1895. Her foster father is an expert interior decorator and now lives in Granite Falls, this county. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith have been born two children, Benjamin T. and Gyda Lynette. Mr. Smith is a member of John Buford Camp No. 10, Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War, of which he is senior vice commander, and is also a member of the Knights of Pythias. Politically he has always given his support to the republican party and has kept closely in touch with public affairs. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and he is secretary of the Methodist Brotherhood. A man of earnest purpose, persistent industry and sterling integrity, he has so ordered his career as to gain an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of the entire community. THOMAS E. SKAGGS One of the most conspicuous figures in the present-clay history of Washington and Snohomish county is Thomas E. Skaggs, of Everett, secretary of the Snohomish County Abstract Company and widely known as one of the representative men of his community. Equally noted as a citizen whose useful and active career has conferred credit upon his community and whose marked abilities and loyal public service have won for him much more than local repute, he holds today distinctive precedence as one of the most progressive and successful men in this* section of the state. Mr. Skaggs was born in Chandlerville, Cass county, Illinois, on the 29th of January, 1876, and is a son of Thomas A. and Amanda M. (Montgomery) Skaggs. The family came to Snohomish county in October, 1889, and here the father followed his trade, that of carpenter, up to the time of his death. He is survived by his widow, who now lives in Snohomish. Thomas E. Skaggs attended the Snohomish public schools, graduating from the high school, and then read law in the office of Ault and Munns. He was admitted to the bar in 1897 and for a short time thereafter was engaged in the practice of his profession. In 1898 he became deputy county treasurer, holding that position for two years, and then resumed the practice of law. In February, 1902, he became identified with the Snohomish County Abstract Company, at Everett, remaining there until 1913, when he was appointed a member of the state tax commission. He held that position until December 1, 1914, when he was appointed a member of the state board of control, which position he filled until April 1, 1921. 64 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY Then for one year he served as state director of business control, and on leaving that office he returned to Everett and became secretary of the Snohomish County Abstract Company, which position he is still filling. As a public official, Mr. Skaggs' administration of the offices he filled was marked by a fidelity to the trusts reposed in him that won the spontaneous approval of his fellow citizens, his unselfish and tireless devotion to public interests being marked, in its beneficent results. Exactness and thoroughness have characterized his work in whatever sphere he has been engaged, and he has gained an enviable reputation as a man of superior ability and soundness of judgment. On June 7, 1902, Mr. Skaggs was married to Miss Lotte Small, who is a native of Iowa. Fraternally Mr. Skaggs is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree and the rank of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in the Scottish Rite, and he is also a past grand master of the grand lodge of Masons of the state of Washington. He is likewise a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. Politically he is a stanch and active adherent of the democratic party, while his religious connection is with the First Baptist church of Everett, to which he gives generous support. Mr. Skaggs is a man of culture and refinement and a close and studious reader, being well informed on a wide range of subjects. He has given his earnest aid to every movement or enterprise for the advancement of the public welfare along material, civic or moral lines and stands for all that is best in community life. SYLVESTER G. BUELL Sylvester G. Buell, postmaster of Arlington, has long been a resident of this community, filling other public offices, and the reputation that results from duty well and faithfully performed is his merited reward. He was born in 1857 and is a native of Kosciusko county, Indiana. His parents were Joseph and Anna Buell, the former of whom died on the field of battle, sacrificing his life for the Union cause. S. G. Buell received a public school education and afterward learned telegraphy. He was in the employ of the Santa Fe Railroad for ten years and in 1892 came to Washington. After a short stay in Arlington he moved to Sumas and there spent six years. He returned to Arlington in 1898 and for five years was local agent for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company. He was then elected county commissioner and creditably filled the position for six years. In 1910 he was chosen manager of the business of the Arlington Cooperative Creamery Association and had charge of the affairs of the organization until 1922, when he was appointed postmaster of the town. His duties are discharged with characteristic thoroughness and fidelity and his work has been very satisfactory. In 1887 Mr. Buell was united in marriage to Miss Blanch Stearns, and two children were born to them, but Leslie died in 1917. The daughter, Elsa, is now the wife of D. W. Thomas and is living in Seattle. Mr. Buell is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has been a member of the town council and a moving spirit in all projects for the advancement of the community. His has been a long and useful life of unceasing activity, and the years have brought him a wide acquaintance and many friends, who testify to his worth. GEORGE W. LIVINGSTON In nearly every community are individuals who by innate ability and sheer force of character attain success in material affairs and win for themselves conspicuous places in public esteem. Such a man is George W. Livingston, proprietor of the leading bicycle repair shop and sporting goods store in Everett, who has by his persistent industry and sound business judgment gained a place of independence and influence in his community. He was born at Ellensburg, Kittitas county, Washington, on the 23d of March, 1883, and is a son of Jacob and Huldah (Myrow) Livingston, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, while the latter was born in Denmark and came to Washington with her father in 1880. Jacob Livingston arrived in California in the days of the historic gold rush, but later came to Washington, where he became an active figure in business affairs, Livingston's bay having been named in his honor. In an early day he operated a lumber mill near Mukilteo in partnership with his brother David. He also owned a large ranch near Livingston's bay, which he later sold and then engaged in mining at Swak, this state. In 1890 he went to Seattle, remaining there two HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 65 years, and then came to Everett. He here took a prominent and active part in the development of this locality, platting the Everett Syndicate land, comprising one hundred and sixty acres adjoining the original townsite. He remained engaged in the real estate business here until 1907, when he again went to Swak, where he engaged in mining, and also established a grocery store there, which he operated until his death, which occurred in 1912. He likewise served as postmaster while here. His widow subsequently became the wife of Fred Betts, and they now reside in Everett. George W. Livingston was given the advantage of a good public school education, and his first employment was as a delivery boy for a meat store. Later he became a meat cutter, which line of work he followed for a time. He then went to work for Andrew Fritz, who ran a bicycle shop here, and later worked for Larama Brothers. After a time he turned his attention to mining at Swak, where he remained two years, after which he homesteaded a tract of land twelve miles from Okanagan, Washington. Later he sold the land and returned to Everett, where for a few years he was employed in lumber mills. Then for about two years he worked for Joseph M. Larama, after which he was employed as a clerk by A. A. Bailey. In March, 1923, Mr. Livingston decided that the time was ripe for him to engage in business on his own account, and he opened a bicycle repair shop and sporting goods store, in which enterprise he has met with very gratifying success. He is well equipped for all kinds of repairs and gives prompt and efficient service, besides which he also does a good deal of work as a locksmith, in which he is an expert. He carries a large and well selected stock of sporting goods and by his square dealing and courteous accommodation has built up a large and steadily growing business. In 1904 Mr. Livingston was married to Miss Mable Claire, who was a native of England, and who died in 1906, leaving one child, Earl Grant, who now lives in Everett. In 1912 Mr. Livingston was married to Miss Nellie Gertrude Foran, a daughter of James Foran, an early settler of this locality and now living in Everett. To Mr. and Mrs. Livingston has been born a daughter, Kathryn. Politically Mr. Livingston gives his support to the republican party, while fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a man of enterprising and progressive tendencies, wide-awake and up-to-date in his methods, and by his persistence and sterling character has gained the respect of his fellow business men, while his genial and affable manner has earned for him the esteem and good will of all who have had dealings with him. GEORGE W. FOWLER Among the men who by their upright lives and industrious careers have gained respected and influential positions in their respective communities is George W. Fowler, whose splendid home is situated in the vicinity of Sultan. He was born near Rochester, New York, on the 18th of July, 1873, and is a son of S. B. and Esther (Stedman) Fowler, the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of Vermont, the father being a farmer by vocation. Our subject received the advantage of a good education, attending the public schools and completing his studies in the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary. When seventeen years old he left home and started out on his own account, coming to Seattle, Washington, in the spring of 1890. For about six years he was employed in the Edmonds lumber mill, and as a shingle weaver and in other mill work, and he then went to Index, where he homesteaded a tract of land and later sold his homestead right, though he continued to make his headquarters at Edmonds. Then, after spending a short time at Arlington, he went to Sultan and helped build the Holmquist mill there. He bought lots in the town and lived there for six or eight years, when he bought and moved to his present place, about four acres of which he has cleared. On November 22, 1898, Mr. Fowler was married to Miss Josephine Meredith, who was born at Silver City, New Mexico, a daughter of H. M. and Mary (Bunn) Meredith. Mr. Meredith was a native of Kentucky and was a veteran of the Civil war, in which he held the rank of captain. He brought his family to Washington, locating at Georgetown in 1889, where he operated a brickyard. About 1890 he came to Sultan and served as postmaster, later conducting a general store. He died in 1906, and his wife passed away in January, 1916. To Mr. and Mrs. Fowler have been born four children, namely : Robert L., of Skyhomish, who was married to Miss Lillian Lundberg ; Glenn H., of Everett, and Esther M. and Marion, who are at home. Mr. Fowler has been active in local public affairs and was at one time a member of the town council of Sultan. He has long been a member of Sultan Lodge No. 193, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a gentleman of quiet and unassuming manner, candid and straightforward in his relations with his fellows, and ready at all times to cooperate 66 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with them in any enterprise for the advancement of the community. Because of these attributes he has attained a high place in the confidence and esteem of all who have come in contact with him. He is an ardent lover of all outdoor sports and gains his greatest pleasure in finding things as nature made them. ADAM SKUCY One of the leading business men and best known citizens of Everett is Adam Skucy, who is the pioneer furrier of Everett, where he has long enjoyed a successful and profitable business in his line. He has succeeded in his chosen life work because he has been persistent and energetic, and because of his honorable dealings with the public he has had the confidence and good will of all, an indispensable factor if one is to succeed in any line depending upon public patronage. Mr. Skucy is a native of Austria-Hungary, born on the 25th of December, 1883, and is a son of Andrew and Annie Skucy, farming folk and both of whom are now deceased. He received a public school education in his native land and then learned the fur business, in which he became an expert. In 1903 he came to the United States, locating first in New York city, where he remained for three years, and then went to Victoria, British Columbia. On February 1, 1908, Mr. Skucy came to Everett and opened the first exclusive fur shop in this city. He soon gained a widespread reputation because of his excellent knowledge of furs and the best methods of handling them, and he soon found himself on the road to prosperity, gaining a prestige among the representative people of the community which he has ever retained. In 1919 Mr. Skucy bought his present two story building at No. 2911 Wetmore avenue, twenty-five by two hundred and twenty-five feet in size, the first story of which is devoted to his enterprise, and here he employs four people to handle his business, which is enjoying a steady increase. He makes high grade fur wearing apparel and the quality of his products is his best advertisement. He is painstaking and exact, believing in doing thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, and he has thus gained a fine reputation for dependability and square dealing. Mr. Skucy was married, in August, 1925, to Miss Bertha Volen, of Everett. Fraternally he is a member of the Woodmen of the World, and he also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce. He is not closely affiliated with any political party but votes for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. He has been true and loyal in all the relations of life and has cooperated with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the best interests of the community. He is a kindly and genial man, of splendid character and business ability. F. C. BAIRD The door of opportunity is ever open to the alert, and through the ready recognition and utilization of his opportunities F. C. Baird has risen rapidly in the business world, occupying an influential position in mercantile circles of Snohomish in connection with the furniture trade. He was born at Francesville, Indiana, in 1890 and was but a year old when his parents, S. F. and Martha A. (Rees) Baird, migrated to North Dakota. The father was an agriculturist, and he spent the remainder of his life in that state. He is survived by the mother, who is now a resident of Long Beach, California. F. C. Baird attended the public schools of North Dakota, and in 1907, when a youth of seventeen, he came to Snohomish, Washington, with his mother. He completed a course in a business college at Everett and was engaged in clerical work for some time. On October 22 , 1921, he opened the Snohomish branch of the Lucas Furniture Company of Everett and has since been manager of the store, which is stocked with a full line of house furnishings. Mr. Baird is a capable business man and through untiring efforts and progressive methods has secured for the house a large share of the local trade. The company leased the Eagle Lodge building, and the store is seventy by one hundred and twenty-five feet in dimensions, fronting on First street. In January, 1926, Mr. Baird took over the entire business. He deals only in high class merchandise and enjoys a well merited reputation for reliability and enterprise. In 1915 Mr. Baird married Miss May Lucas, a daughter of W. H. and Rebecca Lucas, the former of whom is the executive head of the Lucas Furniture Company of Everett. The children of this union are June and Nolin, aged respectively nine and seven years. Mr. Baird HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 67 is liberal in his political views and casts an independent ballot, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of prime importance. He is a member of the Snohomish park board and an earnest and untiring worker for the good of his community. He belongs to the Ad Club of Snohomish and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Mr. Baird is an energetic, shrewd and able young business man, and his stability of character and genuine worth have won him a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. C. P. SPRIESTERSBACH Faithfulness to facts in the analyzation of the character of a citizen of the type of C. P. Spriestersbach, probably the best known real estate man in Everett, is all that is required to make a biographical sketch interesting to those who have at heart the good name of their community, because it is the honorable reputations of the men of standing and affairs, more than any other consideration, that give character and stability to a community. Though of modest demeanor, and with no ambition to distinguish himself in public positions, the career of Mr. Spriestersbach has been signally honorable and successful, and he is generally regarded as one of the most enterprising and progressive real estate men in this section of the state. He was born at Red Wing, Minnesota, on the 22d of August, 1864, and is a son of Adam and Christina (Bottenus) Spriestersbach. The father was engaged in the mercantile business in New York state but eventually moved to Minnesota, being a pioneer of his locality, and there engaged in farming, which pursuit he followed during the remaining active years of his life, he and his wife both being now deceased. C. P. Spriestersbach attended public school and then went to the State Normal School at St. Cloud, Minnesota. For a few years thereafter he devoted himself to teaching, then took a course in a business college and, going to Webster, South Dakota, was employed as an accountant for eight years. He next opened a department store in that city, conducting it for four years, at the end of which time he sold out and, on January 21, 1902, came to Everett and engaged in the real estate business. In this field of effort he has attained much more than ordinary success, due to his aggressive and businesslike methods, and in a very large measure has contributed to the upbuilding and improvement of this city. During the years that he has been engaged in this business here he has built and sold three hundred and sixty-eight houses, ranging in price from two thousand to ten thousand dollars, and three hundred and seven of these houses included heating furnaces. He has bought and sold a vast amount of real estate in this locality and has conducted his business along the highest plane of integrity and fair dealing, so that he has retained the sincere respect and confidence of all who have dealt with him. In 1924 Mr. Spriestersbach built a fine new office building, of brick, two stories high, and here also handles a large and steadily growing insurance and loan business. In 1891 Mr. Spriestersbach was married to Miss Cora Warner who is a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of E. C. Warner, who is now a resident of Everett. To this union have been born three children, namely : Elwyn, who is engaged in the radio business in California, and who is married and has two children ; Alice, who is a teacher at Arlington, Snohomish county ; and Buell, who is a student at the State Agricultural College, at Pullman, Washington. Mr. Spriestersbach gives his political support to the republican party and takes a good citizen's interest in civic affairs. He is not a seeker after public office, his only public position having been that of member of the board of public works, which he filled for a short time, but during that period he took a strong stand in support of street paving and other much needed public improvements. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and is a charter member of the Real Estate Association. His career has been a busy and useful one, fraught with much good to himself and the community, and his activities in a material way have been eminently successful. His relations with his fellowmen have ever been mutually pleasant and agreeable, and he is held in the highest regard by all. PETER E. DAVIDSEN It is proper to judge of the success and the status of a man's life by the esteem in which he is held by his fellow citizens, who have ample opportunity to observe his habits and code of morals and are thus competent to judge of his character. In the city of Everett there are none but good words heard concerning Peter E. Davidsen, who though a resident of this city 68 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY but a comparatively short time has already made a deep impress on all who have come in contact with him and has taken his place among the enterprising and successful business men of the community. Mr. Davidsen is a native of Copenhagen, Denmark, his birth occurring on the 21st of December, 1901, and he is a son of Waldemar and ElIna Davidsen, who also are natives of that country. They emigrated to the United States in 1905, coming direct to Seattle, Washington, where the father followed his trade of carpentering. In 1910 he established the W. Davidsen Furniture Manufacturing Company in that city and has been very successful in the enterprise, which is now one of the prosperous concerns of Seattle. Peter E. Davidsen received a good public school education in Seattle and then learned the jewelry business, in which he became an expert. On February 1, 1924, he came to Everett and bought out F. J. Nielsen, manufacturing jeweler, and in the conduct of this business he is meeting with pronounced success. He is desirably located in the Medical & Dental building, where he is well established as a manufacturing jeweler and jobber and also maintains a well equipped repair shop. He is handling the representative trade of the city and has gained a wide reputation for the high quality of his work as well as for his courtesy, accommodation and sound business methods. On February 14, 1922, Mr. Davidsen was married to Miss Frances E. Humphries, who was born in Wilbur, Washington. In his political belief Mr. Davidsen is an independent, voting according to the dictates of his judgment as to men and measures. Fraternally he is a member of the Woodmen of the World. His career has been characterized by persistent industry, and the systematic and honorable methods he has followed have earned for him the sincere respect and esteem of his fellow citizens, while his cordial and genial manner has gained for him a host of warm personal friends throughout the community. EDWARD A. SHADBOLT Edward A. Shadbolt, proprietor of the Cascade Hotel, is one of the progressive business men of Granite Falls and a citizen of worth to the community. He was born September 6, 1876, and is a native of Glenwood, Iowa. His parents were William and Dora (Gardner) Shadbolt, the former of whom passed away in Iowa. The mother afterward remarried, becoming the .wife of John M. Wolf, who brought the family to Seattle, Washington, early in the '80s. Charles Murphy, an uncle of the subject of this sketch, came to northwestern Washington in pioneer times and established his home in Marysville, Snohomish county. Edward A. Shadbolt received a public school education and also attended the Wilson Business College of Seattle. He was connected with the lumber industry for a number of years, working in various mills, and in 1907 entered the hotel business at Baring, Washington. He afterward sold the business and returned to Seattle, where he remained until 1916. He then came to Granite Falls and in January, 1923, purchased the Cascade Hotel and restaurant, which he has since conducted. He maintains a high standard of service and has established a large patronage. The hotel is attractive and comfortable and contains eleven rooms, and the restaurant is noted for the excellent quality of its food. In September, 1901, Mr. Shadbolt married Miss Buttercup Cashman, a native of Kansas and a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Starry) Cashman, who migrated to Washington in 1889. Mr. Cashman was a contractor and built the first home in the university district of Seattle. Mr. and Mrs. Shadbolt have two children : John, a young man of twenty-three years and a soldier in the United States army ; and Elizabeth, at home. Mr. Shadbolt is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In politics lie is nonpartisan, voting according to the dictates of his judgment. He takes a keen interest in public affairs and while a resident of Baring served for four years on the school board. He has a wide acquaintance and his genial nature and sterling traits of character have brought him many sincere friends. JAMES F. THOMPSON The name of James F. Thompson is well known to dairymen of Snohomish county as manager of the East Stanwood branch of the Carnation Milk Products Company, and broad experience enables him to master readily the many problems presented to him for solution. He was born in Oscoda county, Michigan, in 1883, and his parents, James and Wilhelmina Thompson, are both deceased. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the public HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY schools of Oscoda county. In 1905, when a young man of twenty-two, Mr. Thompson came to Washington, locating in Mount Vernon, and in 1906 entered the employ of the Carnation Milk Products Company. He was manager of the Mount Vernon plant for five years and has since had charge of the business at East Stanwood. He is well informed on all matters pertaining to the dairy industry and his services have been of much value to the corporation, which numbers him among its most faithful and efficient representatives. The local branch covers one and a half acres of ground. The building is of tile construction and particular attention has been paid to the matter of sanitation. Spur tracks have been laid, and about forty-five people are employed in the plant, which has a daily capacity of two hundred and fifty thousand pounds of raw milk or twenty-five hundred cases of condensed milk. The milk contains a high percentage of butter fat and is supplied by over three hundred farmers, the herds averaging seven cows. Milk is also obtained from dairymen of Island county. The output of the Carnation Milk Products Company has long been recognized as the best on the market and is sold in large quantities throughout the United States. On March 4, 1906, Mr. Thompson married Miss Florence V. Thomas, of Mount Vernon, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, Richard. Mr. Thompson is a republican in his political convictions and his fraternal connections are with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He enjoys his work, to which lie gives his undivided attention, and thoroughness and devotion to duty constitute the basis of his success. He is the possessor of a pleasing personality and during the period of his residence in East Stanwood has gained a wide circle of sincere friends. W. H. L. FORD W. H. L. Ford, one of Everett's self-made men, earned an enviable reputation as city treasurer and is now an officer of the Surety Finance Company, ably managing its affairs. He was born October 5, 1876, in Central, Michigan, and his parents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Williams) Ford, were natives of England. They were married in that country and made the voyage to the new world about 1866, casting their lot with the early settlers of Michigan. The father was a miner and followed that occupation for many years. He rose to the position of foreman and after his retirement established his home in Ironwood. Mr. Ford is the third in a family of thirteen children. He attended the public schools of Central and Ironwood and afterward took a business course. He began to provide for his own livelihood at the early age of thirteen years, securing a position with the Ironwood Store Company, and for six years was employed as a clerk in that town. In 1894 he responded to the lure of the Pacific northwest, arriving in Everett on the 17th of May, and for a time was a clerk in the grocery store of Metzger & Company. He was next brakeman in a mine at Monte Cristo, Washington, conveying the ore from the mine to the terminal or concentrator, and in 1898 went to Alaska, attracted by the discovery of gold. He engaged in freighting at Wrangell for about eighteen months and in 1900 returned to Everett. He was in the employ of the Northern Lumber Company until 1903 and was afterward a clerk in the establishment of the Everett Creamery, Ice & Storage Company. In 1906 he was made deputy city clerk under 0. D. Wilson and acted in that capacity until December 26, 1911. He was then appointed city treasurer by the board of aldermen and filled the office until December 31, 1923, making a fine record as a public servant. He aided in forming the Surety Finance Company, which was organized April 10, 1924, and has a paid up capital of one hundred thousand dollars. The firm loans money on salaries and other security and transacts business in an honorable, straightforward manner. The business is located at No. 2829 Rockefeller avenue and the officers of the company are: Dr. F. R. Miller, president ; S. K. Painter, vice president ; and W. H. L. Ford, secretary, treasurer and manager. The board of trustees is as follows: Dr. F. R. Miller, S. K. Painter, Ole T. Berg, Dr. N. L. Thompson, A. J. Madden, Olaf Carlson, H. S. Wright, W. G. Zimmerman, R. M. Meredith and W. H. L. Ford. All are men of proven worth and integrity and the business is substantial and prosperous. On July 3, 1899, Mr. Ford was married in Everett to Miss Esther Ford, a native of Ontario, Canada, and a daughter of J. W. Ford. Esther Joan, their only child, was born in Everett, August 28, 1900, and completed a course in the local high school. She is a graduate of the Toronto Conservatory of Music and conducts a studio in Everett. Mr. Ford casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and is affiliated with the Episcopal church. He has been secretary of its board of vestrymen and a director of the Young Men's Christian Association of Everett. While living in his native state lie was active in military affairs and served as corporal of Company H, Fifth Regiment of the Michigan National Guard. He is a 70 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY member of the Commercial and Lions Clubs and along fraternal lines is connected with the Masonic order and the Woodmen of the World. Mr. Ford has made his own way in the world, placing his dependence upon the essential qualities of industry and perseverance, and his success is well deserved. He is in complete sympathy with every movement tending to further the progress of the community along material, intellectual and moral lines and his worth as a man and citizen is uniformly acknowledged. H. C. COMEGYS H. C. Comegys was born in Missouri, and in 1852 he made the long journey to the Pacific northwest, enduring many hardships ere he arrived at his destination. He settled in Polk county, Oregon, and in 1869 was graduated from Willamette University at Salem. Later he migrated to Washington and for a number of years was engaged in merchandising at Kalama. He came to Snohomish in 1883 and embarked in the mercantile business, forming a partnership with Samuel Vestal. He was one of the most enterprising men of the town and assisted in establishing the First National Bank. He was called to the mayoralty and also became a member of the school board. He rendered good service to the community and was actuated at all times by an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good. Mr. Comegys was connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his political views were in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. His death in 1921 deprived Snohomish of one of its most estimable citizens. His widow died in May, 1926. Her maiden name was Sarah Lysons, and she was a native of California. FREDERICK SPENCER ANDERSON Among the active and successful residents of Snohomish county who are eminently worthy of representation in this work is Frederick Spencer Anderson, who after a long and useful career is now living in Everett. He is one of the pioneers of Snohomish county, having come here over forty years ago, and has contributed his full quota to the improvement and development of this section of the state. Mr. Anderson was born at Richmond, Maine, February 4, 1857, and is one of eleven children who blessed the union of John and Elizabeth (Goodrich) Anderson, the former of whom was born at Baldwin, Maine, and the latter at the forks of the Kennebec, in Maine. Our subject is descended from a long line of sterling American ancestors, the family having been resident in Maine since early in the seventeenth century. He is of English extraction on the maternal side and Scottish on the paternal side. His paternal great-grandfather was a soldier in the war of the Revolution and his grandfather fought in the War of 1812. When our subject was six years of age, the family moved to Wisconsin, where the father followed the lumber business and shipbuilding. In 1883 the father and six sons came to Snohomish county, the sons being as follows : Willard, who was a veteran of the Civil war and is now deceased ; Charles, who was a timber owner at Snohomish, where his death occurred, and who is survived by a son, Benjamin, who lives at Pocatello, Idaho, while his widow lives in Snohomish ; Columbus, deceased; John, deceased, whose widow and two daughters are living in Everett ; Frederick S., the subject of this sketch ; and Benjamin G., a timber owner in Everett, who is married and has one child. The father of these children died in Granite Falls in 1897. For a time after coming to this county, Frederick S. Anderson worked in the woods and then began logging on his own account, continuing in that business for six years. In 1890 he was elected a member of the board of county commissioners and served for two years, during which time he lived at Granite Falls. He then moved to Snohomish and was engaged in the real estate and timber business for about fifteen years. He was elected mayor of Snohomish in 1902 and was twice reelected, serving three consecutive terms, while prior to that he had been a member of the city council. On retiring from the office of mayor he became city marshal, in which position he served two years, and then was state fire warden for one year, resigning that position in 1915 to go to Alaska, where he remained about five years. He did some mining there and during the World war served there as United States marshal. Since returning from Alaska, Mr. Anderson has lived in Everett. Mr. Anderson's family was the first to locate at Granite Falls, and there being no road to that place from Machias, he secured a dozen or more men and cut the road through at his HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 71 own expense. He had homestead and timber claims there, and he became the owner of the Granite Falls power plant, which he sold in 1900 to the Everett Improvement Company. He was one of the discoverers of the Wayside mine in Granite Falls, which he sold about 1904. He and his brothers cleared about one hundred acres of the home farm there, which they sold when they moved to Snohomish. Mr. Anderson and his brother-in-law, F. M. Headlee, were the discoverers of a pass through the Cascade mountains about 1890, where the road to Monte Cristo now runs, the pass being now generally known as St. Barlow's pass. In 1893 Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Etta Headlee, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of Ephraim and Harriet (Humes) Headlee, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Indiana. Mrs. Anderson's paternal great-great-grandmother came to this country from Dublin, Ireland, while on the maternal side she is descended from Scottish stock. Her great-great-grandfather Humes was a soldier of the Revolutionary war and her great-grandfather fought in the War of 1812. Her father was a farmer in Iowa, where he remained until 1890, when he came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead near Granite Falls. He later sold that place and bought uncleared land near Snohomish, which he cleared and developed into a good farm, on which he resided until his death, March 25, 1904. His widow afterward sold that place and for a time lived in Snohomish, later making her home with her daughter. Mrs. Anderson came west in 1889. She is one of nine children born to her parents, five being deceased. Thomas Headlee, chief of police in Everett, is the only brother now living here. Mrs. Anderson took up a preemption claim in Granite Falls about 1891, but later sold it. To Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have been born two children, namely : Madeline, who was born in Granite Falls, was graduated from the Snohomish high school and the Everett Business College and is now studying pipe organ, having spent one year in study in New York ; and Harriet, born in Granite Falls, who is also a graduate of the Snohomish high school. Both daughters were in Alaska with their parents. In 1919 Harriet became the wife of Lieutenant Lloyd 0. Hammarstrom, of the United States navy, he being at the present time with the coast guard at New York city. He served in the United States navy during the World war. They are the parents of a daughter, Virginia. Mr. Anderson was formerly a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, having been the first president of the lodge in Snohomish, and was also for a number of years a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a democrat in his political faith and he and his wife are students of Christian Science. Mrs. Anderson conducted a millinery store in Snohomish for a number of years, as she did also in Alaska. Both Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have taken a commendable interest in everything affecting in any way the welfare of the community, and no couple in this section of the county commands to a greater degree than they the respect and good will of the people generally. VERNON R. HAINES Vernon R. Haines, who fought for his country in the World war and who is now at the head of a prosperous business, located at 2320 Rockefeller avenue, in the city of Everett, was born at Fort Wayne, Indiana, January 6, 1897. He filled a position with the Kodak House of Vancouver, British Columbia, for five years and in that city entered the employ of the Remington Typewriter Company, for which he worked until he ente -ed the service. At Mare Island, California, on the 15th of June, 1917, he joined the United States marines and was ordered to the front, spending ten months in France. He was made sergeant of his company, and he received his honorable discharge in August, 1919. Returning to Washington, he located at Bellingham and in February, 1920, came to Everett. He became connected with the Typewriter Service Company and in 1922 purchased the business, of which he has since been the owner. He has a complete line of Remington machines and is the distributor for Snohomish county. He maintains an employment bureau which cooperates with the local business college, and his annual sales amount to a large figure. He enjoys his work and his thorough knowledge of the technicalities of the business is supplemented by good judgment and executive force. On November 29, 1921, Mr. Haines was united in marriage to Miss Ada Pringle, of Vancouver, British Columbia, and they have become the parents of two children, Kathleen Lyal and Vernon Pringle. The (laughter was named for her mother's sister, who was a nurse in a British hospital in France and was killed during an air raid by the Germans. Mr. Haines is a republican in his political views but is not bound by party ties at local elections. He is connected with the Young Men's Christian Association and as an earnest member of the Chamber of Commerce is doing systematic work for the expansion of Everett's trade relations. 7 2 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY He is a Kiwanian and also belongs to the American Legion and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. M r. Haines stands practically upon the threshold of his career, but his energy and ability have already carried him into important relations, and the qualities which have made him a successful business man have also won for him the unqualified esteem of a wide circle of friends. JAMES McCULLOCH James McCulloch, widely known as one of the pioneer lumbermen of Snohomish county, is now devoting his attention to public affairs, and as sheriff he has established a notable record, unequaled in the county in length of service. A son of James and Martha (Toben) McCulloch, he was born September 3, 1866, and is a native of Clayton county, Iowa. The father, who was an agriculturist, died when the subject of this sketch was a boy of thirteen, and the mother was left with a family of seven children to provide for. Going to South Dakota, she entered a homestead and proved up on the place, which was improved by Mr. McCulloch and his sister, and at the end of six years the mother sold the property, returning to Iowa with the children. James McCulloch, the immediate subject of this sketch, received a public school education, and his youth was a period of hard and unremitting toil. He came to Washington in 1889, locating at Bothell on the 23d of March, and in that year sent for his mother, who spent the remainder of her life in this state, passing away in 1915. Mr. McCulloch worked for some time for the Western Mill Company of Seattle and was promoted to the position of foreman. Having decided upon an independent venture, he severed his relations with the firm and came to Snohomish county. He purchased timber land and embarked in the logging business at Machias. He sold the timber to shingle mills and leased a shingle mill, which he afterward bought. He continued to operate the old plant until 1894, when it was destroyed by fire, but he rebuilt the mill and also conducted other plants in partnership with his brother, William McCulloch. They owned and operated three mills, employing two hundred and fifty men, and were also the proprietors of a large mercantile establishment. They displayed keen sagacity and marked executive ability in the management of these enterprises and were very successful in their undertakings. In 1908 James McCulloch sold his interest in the business and entered the arena of public affairs, in which he has also achieved prominence. He was elected county commissioner and for two terms was chairman of the board. He was the popular choice for sheriff of Snohomish county in 1917 and at the end of his term was reelected. He was out of office for two years and was recalled in 1923. He is efficient, fearless and conscientious in the performance of his work and has made his name a menace to evildoers, driving the lawless element far from the boundaries of the county. On December 2, 1888, Mr. McCulloch married Miss Katherine Doyle, a native of Wisconsin but at that time a resident of Iowa. They became the parents of four children, but the firstborn died in infancy. The others are : James, who is a member of the Seattle police force and a young man of large stature, weighing three hundred and twenty pounds ; John, who is serving as deputy sheriff under his father; and Ida, the wife of Walter Beols, who has charge of the county jail. Reared on a farm, Mr. McCulloch has never lost his interest in agricultural affairs. He has owned several ranches and his country home is one of the finest in the county. He gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is a stanch advocate of its principles. He is a life member of the Everett eyrie of Eagles and is also connected with the Improved Order of Red Men, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has never used political office as an avenue to personal aggrandizement, regarding it rather as a trust given to him by the people, and the reputation that results from duty well and faithfully performed is his just reward. He had no assistance at the outset of his career, and all that he now possesses has been won through the medium of his own efforts. LOUIS C. AYA Following in the business footsteps of his father, Louis C. Aya has become well known in trade circles of Everett as a plumbing and heating contractor and owes his prestige to scientific training as well as a natural aptitude for this line of work. He was born in Winona, Minnesota, May 29, 1889, and in that year his parents, Louis and Amelia (Brunnencamp) Aya JAMES McCULLOCH HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 75 made the journey to the Pacific coast. His father engaged in the plumbing and heating business at Eugene, Oregon, and he is now deceased. The mother still resides in that state. Our subject attended the public schools of Oregon and afterward took a two years' course in a technical school in Illinois, specializing in plumbing, heating and sanitary engineering. For six years he worked for his father, acquiring valuable experience, and then started a shop of his own in Eugene, conducting it for two years. In 1912 he came to Everett and in 1919 embarked in the plumbing and heating business in this city. In 1920 he moved to his present location at 2723 Rockefeller avenue, purchasing the building, and now employs four experienced assistants. He installed the plumbing in the new Weyerhaeuser offices and the Knights of Columbus building, also installing many heating systems. His work is performed with thoroughness and skill, and a well deserved reputation for promptness and reliability in the execution of contracts has brought him a large volume of business. In 1911 Mr. Aya married Margaret Norton Hetich, of Eugene, Oregon, and the children of this union are Mary Margaret and William Louis. Mr. Aya is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and cooperates heartily in its activities. He is an Elk and gives his political allegiance to the republican party. He is a live factor in his community and owes his prosperity to strict integrity, the conscientious discharge of all obligations and the concentration of his forces upon a line of work for which he is well adapted. MATHIS DE GEUS The United States can boast of no better or more law-abiding class of citizens than the natives of Holland who have found homes here and whom this country is always ready to welcome to its shores. Many of them have come from their homeland with limited financial resources, imbued, however, with a sturdy independence and a laudable ambition to succeed, and have been apt in taking advantage of the wonderful possibilities afforded here. Of this class, none deserves more honorable mention than Mathis De Geus, who has for many years been an honored resident of Snohomish county, where he is well known and highly esteemed for his many commendable characteristics. He was born in Holland, December 15, 1863, and is a son of Cornelius and Marie (Marion) De Geus, both of whom were born and spent their lives in Holland, being now deceased. The father was for many years a government pilot on the North sea and the English channel. The mother was descended from old French Huguenot stock, her forebears in that country having belonged to the landed nobility. The ancestral line is traced back to the Knight Templar crusaders of the twelfth century whose purpose was the recovery of Palestine for the Christians. One branch of the family went from France to England and thence to Holland, and from this branch our subject's mother was descended. Mathis De Geus attended the public schools of his native country and at the age of eighteen years emigrated to the United States, locating in Sheboygan county, Wisconsin. There he worked for a time on a railroad and later turned his attention to the carpenter's trade. Eventually he established a factory for the making of cheese boxes. After living at Sheboygan eight years, Mr. De Geus came to Washington, in 1889, locating at Woodenville Junction, where he built a sawmill, and also followed carpenter work. In 1890 he bought sixty-nine acres of land where he now lives and moved onto the place. There were no roads, only a trail leading to the place, so that all his furniture had to be unloaded and carried in. The land had been partially logged but was covered with stumps, logs and brush, and a vast amount of work was required in clearing it and getting it in shape for cultivation. While clearing the land he spent a good deal of his time at carpenter work in Snohomish, helping to construct the Haggerty building and putting in practically three years' work in that town. In 1892, when Everett was started, Mr. De Geus went there and for several years was employed at his trade at that place and then put in eleven years as a contractor, during a part of which time the family resided there. In 1904-06 he was in California, engaged in mining, after which for a short time he was in Seattle. In 1908 he went to Alaska and engaged in mining at Deering, two hundred and fifty miles north of Nome. While he was in Alaska his farm was looked after by his wife, who had returned to it, and he is now devoting practically all of his time to its operation. He cleared between eight and ten acres of the land and then sold a part of the tract, retaining nine acres, which he is devoting largely to poultry farming. He keeps about five hundred White Leghorn hens, in the handling of which he has been very successful, and also raises cherries and other fruit. He formerly raised berries, but is not now interested in them. His land is fertile and produces all the feed required by the chickens, from which he derives a very comfortable income. In 1882 Mr. De Geus was married to Miss Henrietta Dekkar, who was born in Sheboygan 76 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY county, Wisconsin, where their marriage occurred. She is a daughter of John and Greda (Kappers) Dekkar, both of whom were natives of Holland, whence they came to the United States in the '50s, being among the first settlers in Sheboygan county, a short distance from Milwaukee. To Mr. and Mrs. De Geus were born seven children, namely : John C., at home Cornelius, who lives near the home place and who is married and has three children, Maxine, Laura and Neal ; Mrs. Grace Milne, who lives at Fort Jones, California, and is the mother of five children ; Mrs. Marie Pardee, who lived at Susqualamie Falls and was the mother of two children and who died in May, 1924 ; and three who died in childhood. Mr. De Geus is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He has always taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs and while living in Everett served two years as constable, 1902-04, while in 1899 he had served as street commissioner. In the early days he had contributed freely of his labor in the construction of roads and keeping them open. When he first came here wild game, such as bears, deer and cougars, was plentiful, and at one time he met a bear on the road between his place and Snohomish. Indians were numerous in those days, the trail past his farm being generally used by them. Fraternally Mr. De Geus is a member of the Woodmen of the World, and he was formerly a member of the Knights of the Maccabees and the Improved Order of Red Men. He is a man of quiet and unassuming manner but possesses a strong personality, which has made an impress on all with whom he has come in contact. CHAUNCEY R. WHITE From an early age the life of Chauncey R. White has been one of unceasing industry, and through perseverance and determination he has overcome many obstacles, steadily advancing toward the goal fixed by his ambition. He has concentrated his attention upon the furniture trade and is now at the head of a fine establishment, which is a credit to its founder and to the city of Everett, in which it is operated. He was born at New Market, Indiana, in 1874 and was three years old when his parents, Francis A. and Savilla (Grey) White, went to Missouri. There the father was engaged in the manufacture of furniture for many years. In 1903 he came to Washington and established his home in Seattle, in which city he lived retired until his demise in 1922. He had long survived his wife, who responded to the final summons in 1888. In the acquirement of an education Chauncey R. White attended grammar and high schools of Missouri, and when a youth of fifteen he became a clerk in a furniture store, receiving a salary of eight dollars per month. He found the work congenial and soon mastered the details of the business. In October, 1900, he located in Seattle and for five years filled a position in the store of Frederick & Nelson. Mr. White came to Everett in 1906 and for two years was with the firm of Smith & Boeshar. For a similar period he was in the employ of the Barron Furniture Company and next entered the service of the Gottstein Furniture Company of Seattle, with which he spent three years. He then accepted a position in the Everett department store, with which he was connected until 1919, and on April 10, 1922, he started a business of his own. It was operated on a partnership basis for eight months and was then incorporated under the style of the White Furniture Company, Inc., of which the subject of this sketch is president and general manager. His associates are W. R. Graves, vice president ; and Rolph Palmer, secretary and treasurer. Mr. White and Mr. Palmer purchased the building, which is situated at 2807-9 Rockefeller avenue. It is fifty by one hundred and ten feet in dimensions and contains two stories and basements. The firm has a fine sales force and through recognition of merit and just treatment has won the loyal cooperation of its employes. Since its inception the business has enjoyed a rapid growth and the sales for the year 1925 amounted to one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. The store presents an attractive appearance and in its conduct Mr. White brings to bear administrative power, progressive ideas and the wisdom which is acquired only through years of practical experience. During 1925 his stock turnover was four and a half times, the average for furniture being two and three-tenths times, and under his expert guidance the firm has attained a position of leadership. In 1902 Mr. White was united in marriage to Miss Katherine F. Randolph, and both trace their ancestry to the colonial epoch in American history. Mrs. White was born in Lewis county, Washington, and is a daughter of John and Jessie (Pierce) Randolph, who came to this state as pioneers, settling in Everett. Her father entered the lumber industry, becoming well known as a timber cruiser, and he is seventy-eight years of age. He is a direct descendant of Edmond Randolph, the first secretary of state of the United States, and Franklin Pierce, the fourteenth president of the nation, was his wife's great-uncle. Mr. and Mrs. White have three children : Savilla, Kathleen and June, the first named being a high school pupil. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 77 Mr. White is a republican and conscientiously discharges the duties of citizenship but has never aspired to public office. He belongs to the Kiwanis Club and his fraternal connections are with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a keen analyst of men and conditions and never looks at a question in a superficial light, but delves at once to the root of the matter. He is frank, genuine and matter of fact, with a nature to which all pretense is foreign, and his sterling attributes of character are thoroughly appreciated by his fellow citizens. EDWARD A. FRANCOIS Choosing a line of work essential to the life of every community, Edward A. Francois has become well known as a plumber, and concentrated effort has brought him to the fore in business circles of Everett, which for many years has numbered him among its useful and desirable citizens. He was born December 14, 1878, in Polk county, Wisconsin, and his parents were Samuel and Euphrasia Francois. The father was an agriculturist, and his life's labors were terminated in 1886. The mother long survived him, passing away in Everett, December 8, 1923. Edward A. Francois received a public school education and in 1898, when a young man of twenty, located in Seattle, Washington. He learned the plumber's trade in that city and in December, 1900, came to Everett. He worked as a journeyman for two years and then opened a shop of his own, operating it for three years. On the expiration of that period he went to Oregon and for two years was a resident of Portland. He returned to Everett in 1907 and followed his trade in the capacity of an employe until 1916, when he was appointed city plumbing inspector. For two years he was the incumbent of that office and afterward worked for a local firm of plumbers. In June, 1921, he opened a shop at 2811 Rockefeller avenue and has since remained at this location. Years of experience have enhanced his ability, and under his expert guidance the business has enjoyed a rapid growth. In 1904 Mr. Francois was united in marriage to Miss Viola M. Elster, of McKeesport, Pennsylvania, and George, their only child, is assisting his father in the shop. Mr. Francois is identified with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and in politics is a republican with independent tendencies. He is a business man of high standing and has many friends, whose esteem he has won and retained by reason of his fine personal qualities. G. M. COCHRAN G. M. Cochran, a business man of broad experience and marked ability, has converted his opportunities into tangible assets, and he is well known in western Washington as the executive head of the Snohomish Hardware Company, with a record of forty-two years of continuous service in that line. A son of Henry P. and Addie H. (Keaton) Cochran, he was born in 1863 and is a native of Aroostook county, Maine. The family came to Washington about 1888 and settled in Grays Harbor county. G. M. Cochran was educated in the east, supplementing his public school course by attendance at the College of Pharmacy in Boston, Massachusetts, and for several years he was employed in drug stores. In 1883 he located in Grays Harbor county, Washington, and embarked in the hardware business in association with E. J. Lancaster, whose interest was later purchased by W. A. Cochran, a brother of the subject of this sketch. G. M. Cochran was afterward chief deputy in the office of the county treasurer of Grays Harbor county, residing in Montesano during that period, and in 1901 came to Snohomish. He joined W. A. Cochran, who had located here in 1898, and as a member of the firm of Cochran Brothers started the business now conducted under the style of the Snohomish Hardware Company. It was first housed in the Allen building and later in the McCready building. The business was incorporated in 1904 and in 1911 was moved to its present location in the Blockman building. The store has a frontage of forty-eight feet and is one hundred feet deep. W. A. Cochran is now living in California and his brother is president of the company, which handles light and heavy hardware and builders' supplies. Mr. Cochran is thoroughly familiar with every phase of the trade and his business methods are characterized by the progressive spirit of the age. He is a capable manager, and a well deserved reputation for honest dealing has brought to the firm an extensive patronage. In 1887 Mr. Cochran married Miss Laura Campbell, who passed away in 1893, leaving two 78 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNT\ children : Alta, deceased, who was the wife of Arthur A. Johnson, of Snohomish ; and Ralph C., who assists his father in business. Mr. Cochran's second union was with Miss Retta Baker, of Montesano, 'Washington, and they have two sons : Lyall B., a radio expert, who is engaged in the electrical business at Denver, Colorado ; and Neil M., who is attending the University of Washington. Mrs. Cochran is a member of the D. A. R. Mr. Cochran is a democrat in his political convictions, and his contribution to the public welfare covers service on the library hoard and the city council of Snohomish. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Eagles, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World. He is a business man of high standing and a good citizen, in sympathy with every project destined to prove of benefit to his community. HENRY J. WILLSON The door of opportunity is ever open to the alert, and in his business career Henry J. Willson has demonstrated what may be accomplished by a man of determination, energy and sagacity. Early in life he began to provide for his own support and one of Everett's important industries is the visible result of his well formulated plans and concentrated efforts. He was born in Mason county, Washington, in 1870, and his parents, Edward A. and Eliza (Kirkland) Willson, have passed away. His father journeyed to Washington in 1856 and his mother also came to this region during the '50s. They were married in this state, and the father engaged in general merchandising. Later in life he was called to public office and served as auditor of Mason county. The public schools of that district afforded Henry J. Willson his educational advantages, and when a youth of fifteen he became a sheet metal worker. He mastered the trade and when he had accumulated a small capital established a shop in Olympia. He afterward sold the business and in 1902 came to Everett. In 1903 he opened a sheet metal foundry on Broadway and two years later moved to his present location at 2811 Rockefeller avenue. He has an expert knowledge of the business, of which he has made a life study, and the output of his foundry represents the highest degree of skill in sheet metal work. The business has been in operation for twenty-three years and each stage in its development has resulted from deep thought and wise management. In 1901 Mr. Willson married Miss Adeline Curtin, a daughter of John Curtin. She was born in Wisconsin and came to Washington during her girlhood. Mr. and Mrs. Willson have four children: Edward A., who is attending the State University ; Gerald, who assists his father in the conduct of the business ; Henry J., a high school student ; and Helen Jean. Mr. Willson is connected with the Yeomen and the Woodmen of the World. In politics he pursues an independent course, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of first importance, and strongly indorses all worthy civic projects. He has never deviated from the course dictated by conscience and honor and has won as his reward the respect, confidence and good will of his fellowmen. CHARLES DOCKENDORF Charles Dockendorf, who recently served as mayor of Stanwood, is the genial proprietor of the Rex Hotel and is also well known as a traveling salesman. He was born February 14, 1880, and is a native of Chicago, Illinois. His parents were Peter and Elizabeth (Dummer-muth) Dockendorf, the former of whom was also engaged in the hotel business, and both have passed away. Charles Dockendorf attended the public schools of Chicago and after his education was completed entered the employ of the Rothschilds Company of that city. He soon proved his worth and was placed in charge of the sporting goods department. He was next associated with the Du Pont Powder Company and traveled for eleven years for that well known firm. In 1913 he came to Stanwood and in November of that year opened the Rex Hotel, which he has since conducted. He is a popular host and makes every effort to promote the comfort and well being of those who are his guests, maintaining very efficient service, and he has secured a liberal patronage. He also represents the Western Cartridge Company of East Alton, Illinois, traveling six months of the year. In politics Mr. Dockendorf maintains that independent attitude which is one of the hopeful signs of the times, indicating that men are standing for principle and for good government, refusing to follow the dictates of party leaders. He has always taken a deep interest in public HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 79 affairs and while in the middle west was clerk of one of the small towns in Illinois, filling the position for four years. In 1922 he was elected mayor of Stanwood and served for four years, making a fine record in that office. Mr. Dockendorf is an ardent sportsman and belongs to several hunting and shooting clubs. He does professional shooting each year and for two years was in charge of all American trap shooting on the Pacific coast. He is one of the best marksmen in the northwest and has won many trophies. By nature he is frank, modest and unassuming, caring little for the artificialities of life, and his many friends entertain for him the highest regard. JOHN A. JULEEN With the true artist's appreciation of beauty of form, color and design, John A. Juleen has achieved noteworthy success as a photographer, and for eighteen years Everett has claimed him as a citizen. He was born at Whitehall, Michigan, in 1874, and his parents, 0. A. and Cora Juleen, have passed away. He received a public school education and afterward attended a college conducted by the Young Men's Christian Association of Chicago, studying electrical engineering. He followed that line of work for ten years and in 1898 had become an amateur photographer. He arrived in Seattle in September, 1907, and on April 1, 1908, was sent to Everett to take charge of the local business of the Seattle Electric Company. In 1908 he embarked in business as a photographer, opening a studio in the Colby building, and was later in the Eclipse building. He next moved to No. 1709 Hewitt avenue and in October, 1923, he purchased his present property at No. 2930 Rockefeller avenue. The lot has a frontage of twenty-five feet and is one hundred and twenty feet deep. On this he erected a large brick building, designed especially for his needs, and now has the largest and most complete studio west of the Mississippi river. Here he has eight employes, and two experienced men are in charge of the outside business. He is an artist of unquestioned merit and his work is the expression of the latest improvements in photography. Mr. Juleen's artistic skill has brought him more than local fame and the publishers of this history are indebted to him for many of the interesting pictures of the early days which enhance the value of the work. He is also the possessor of executive power and mature judgment and these qualities are displayed in the conduct of his extensive business. In 1905 Mr. Juleen was united in marriage to Miss C. E. Baldwin, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, and both are prominent in the social life of Everett. Mr. Juleen is a thirty-second degree Mason and has crossed the hot sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. • W. L. CUTHBERTSON The progress of a community is dependent upon the individual success of its citizens, and as the owner and executive head of an important productive industry W. L. Cuthbertson has contributed his quota toward Everett's development along manufacturing lines. He was born September 29, 1885, in Petoskey, Michigan, and is a son of George M. and Ellen (Clark) Cuthbertson. His father came to Everett in 1891 and was subsequently joined by his family. He was a railroad employe for many years and is now living retired. The mother passed away in 1924. W. L. Cuthbertson was a boy of six when the family migrated to Washington, and he attended the Monroe school the first year it was opened. After completing his studies he filled various positions and in 1907 entered the employ of the Everett Trunk.& Bag Company. He afterward purchased a half interest in the business, of which lie became sole owner in 1916, and devoted his energies to its conduct until 1918. He then sold the business and enlisted in the United States Signal Corps, in which he served until the close of the World war. After his release from military duty he repurchased the business, which he had disposed of at a loss, and applied himself to the task of rebuilding his trade. He has initiative, good judgment and administrative power and success has rewarded his well directed efforts. The firm handles trunks, luggage, small leather goods and umbrellas and carries a large stock. The company manufactures most of its trunks and the plant is well equipped for this purpose. In 1920 Mr. Cuthbertson was married, in Everett, to Miss Helen McPhail, a native of Wausau, Wisconsin, and a daughter of Alexander and Mary McPhail. Mr. Cuthbertson is liberal in his political views and votes according to the dictates of his judgment, standing at all 80 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY times for progress, reform and improvement in public affairs. He is a director of the Rotary Club, the Young Men's Christian Association and the Chamber of Commerce. He belongs to the American Legion and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Loyal, patriotic and public-spirited, Mr. Cuthbertson has won a high place in the esteem of Everett's citizens, and his ability, enterprise and industry insure his continued progress in business affairs. ANDREW M. NELSON Many of the sons of Norway have become permanent residents of Snohomish county, have entered into all phases of her activities and have taken a stand for all that is best in community life, so that they have been a welcome addition to its population. Among this number is Andrew M. Nelson, whose splendidly improved and fertile farm lies east of Everett, and on which he is successfully engaged in dairy farming. Mr. Nelson was born in Norway on the 15th of July, 1868, and was reared under the parental roof, securing his education in the public schools there. In 1891 he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to Everett, where he obtained employment in the logging camps and sawmills. He worked hard and continuously and was wisely economical of his resources, and in 1902 he bought thirty-nine acres of land near Everett, to which, in 1924, he added thirteen acres. The land was heavily covered with timber, logs and brush when he bought it and a vast amount of work was required to get it in shape for cultivation. He persevered in his labors, however, and in the course of time created a splendid farm. He further improved the place by the erection of a good set of farm buildings and is now justifiably proud of what he has accomplished. He has given his chief attention to dairy farming, keeping fourteen good grade milk cows, from which he derives a good income. He raises fine crops of hay and grain, and has a nice vegetable garden for family use. On July 3, 1901, Mr. Nelson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Antonson, who is a native of Norway, and they are the parents of the following children : Lena, who married Hugo Nelson of Minnesota and has one daughter, Mildred ; Agnes, who is the wife of Elmer Walden, of Lowell, Washington ; Josephine, who lives in Everett ; and Minnie, who is at home. Mr. Nelson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is sincerely interested in the welfare of his community, and in the election of candidates for public office he votes only for the men whom he considers best qualified for the positions they seek. A man of strong character, he has made a deep impression on the community and is well liked by all who know him. THOMAS H. GISH A well known writer has said : "Life is a training school in which humanity is prepared to carry on the world's work." Through the completion of a comprehensive course in the school of experience, Thomas H. Gish has learned many valuable lessons which have enabled him to win noteworthy success in the shoe business. He occupies a position of leadership in mercantile circles of Everett and his trade relations extend throughout the state. A son of Henry L. and Bridget (Hoban) Gish, he was born January 6, 1885, and is a native of Waterville, Minnesota. His father was born in Ohio and the mother is a Celt. They settled in Minnesota in 1857 and endured all of the hardships and privations incident to pioneer life on the western frontier. The father was a member of the Minnesota state legislature and also filled the office of sheriff, faithfully discharging every trust reposed in him. Mr. Gish has passed away and his widow still makes her home in Minnesota. The public schools of that state afforded Thomas H. Gish his educational advantages, and he earned his first money by clerking in a store. He was later a traveling salesman, covering the central states, and represented well known shoe manufacturers. In February, 1909, he attended the exposition at Seattle and afterward traveled throughout Washington and Oregon, selling shoes. In 1913 he came to Everett and for some time was a clerk in the Home shoe store. In 1917 he purchased the local business of the. Buster Brown Shoe Company, of which he is still the owner, and in 1921 acquired their store at Mount Vernon, Washington. He became the proprietor of the Buster Brown store at Bellingham in 1922 and is also a stockholder in the G. & S. Shoe Company of that city. He is likewise a director of the Consolidated Shoe Company of Seattle, which operates a chain of six stores, situated in the leading cities of Washington. Mr. Gish is the owner of five shoe stores and furnishes employment to twelve HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 81 persons. He carries full lines of shoes for men, women and children and maintains a high standard of service. He carefully supervises every detail of the business and his executive capacity is indicated by the marked success of his ventures. In 1910 Mr. Gish married Miss Mamie B. Smith, of Tacoma, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, Clifford Everett. Mr. Gish is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias. He is one of the energetic members of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and casts his ballot for the candidates and measures of the republican party. He lends the weight of his support to every measure for the general good, and the growth and advancement of his city is a matter in which lie takes much personal pride. He has ever been actuated by the spirit of progress, converting his opportunities into tangible assets, and his influence is one of broadening activity and strength in the field in which he is operating. ALBERT EDWARD EAGLE Albert Edward Eagle is regarded as the leading merchant of Snohomish, and he laid the foundation for a successful career in the rigorous training and healthful life of the farm-bred boy. A native of Canada, he was born in the province of Ontario in 1861 and attended the public schools of the Dominion until he reached the age of fourteen, when his parents, William and Sarah A. (Teeter) Eagle, crossed the border into the United States, settling in Michigan. He aided his father in the work of plowing, planting and harvesting and remained on the homestead until 1893, when he started for the northwest, and for three years was in the employ of the Everett Street Railway Company. On the expiration of that period he embarked in merchandising, opening Eagle's Bazaar in Everett, and was later associated with the J. J. Clarke Clothing Company. He was made a member of the firm, which in April, 1901, established the Red Front Clothing Store in Snohomish, and Mr. Eagle was selected as branch manager. • In August, 1901, he became proprietor of the store, which was operated by the Eagle Company until January, 1922, when the business was incorporated under the present style of the A. E. Eagle Company. The store is eighty-five feet deep and has a frontage of forty-seven and a half feet. A large warehouse in the rear is used by the company for the storage of merchandise. The business is housed in a modern building of brick and concrete construction. It was erected in 1923 and is owned by the company, which handles ready-to-wear garments for both men and women, in addition to dry goods and furnishings. A complete stock is carried and the merchandise is carefully selected. The firm has outdistanced all competitors, winning and retaining the place of leadership under the expert direction of Mr. Eagle, who is president of the company. He is an enterprising merchant, as well as a sagacious, farsighted business man, and gives to patrons of the establishment good value for the amount expended, maintaining a high standard of service. He has been a director of the Commercial Bank of Snohomish County for sixteen years. In 1892, in Canada, Mr. Eagle was married to Miss Ena S. Stephen, and they became the parents of six children. The fourth died in infancy, while Veta, the next in order of birth, died at the age of eight years. Everett A., the eldest, is associated in business with his father. He is married and has a daughter, Virginia. Lela May is the wife of Raymond W. Dolson, of Leavenworth, Washington, and they have one child, a son. Harold S., of Jacksonville, Florida, is married and also has a son. All were born in Everett except Evelyn and Veta, who were born in Snohomish, and Evelyn has reached the age of fifteen years. Mr. Eagle is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World, while in politics he is a republican. He conscientiously discharges the duties and obligations of citizenship, and from 1909 until 1913 he was an influential member of the town council of Snohomish. In that connection as well as through the development of a large mercantile establishment he has rendered valuable service to the community, and his success is well deserved, for it has been worthily earned. H. J. FROLICH Early in life H. J. Frolich displayed that spirit of energy and self-reliance which carries the individual ever onward and upward, and his constantly expanding powers have placed him with Everett's leading merchants and prosperous business men. He was born at Winona, Minnesota, in 1883, and his parents, Herman and Bertha Frolich, were natives of Germany. They went to Minnesota as pioneers and in 1902 established their home in Everett, Washington, 82 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY where the father followed the carpenter's trade, later becoming a locomotive engineer. He has passed away but the mother is still a resident of Everett. H. J. Frolich received a public school education and when but fourteen years of age began to provide for his own livelihood, securing work with the Columbia Clothing Company of Superior, Wisconsin. He remained with that firm for three years and then became a salesman in the store of the Oak Hall Clothing Company, with which he spent a year. He was next in the employ of the firm of Floan & Leveroos, working in their establishment at Superior, Wisconsin, for six years and at St. Paul, Minnesota, for a year. Subsequently he came tb Everett and for a few months filled a position in the Greenburg store. He then located in Seattle and in the fall of 1908 opened the first upstairs clothing store in the west. He was at that location for a year and a half and owing to the reduction in rent was able to offer his patrons a saving of ten dollars on many of his suits. Mr. Frolich afterward moved downstairs. He conducted a store at Bellingham until 1920 and for two years thereafter lived retired in Seattle, but on May 6, 1922, he opened an upstairs store in the Commerce building of Everett. On August 1, 1922, he secured a ground floor location at 1806 Hewitt avenue and his business is now conducted in the Hodges building at 1802 Hewitt avenue. His store is situated on the first floor and is twenty-five by one hundred and ten feet in dimensions. Mr. Frolich has a corner location and his stock is advantageously displayed. He employs an expert tailor and five experienced salespeople. He carries a full line of ready-to-wear clothing for men and boys and enjoys a large and rapidly growing patronage, bringing to the conduct of the business broad experience and up-to-date methods. In Bellingham, Washington, May 26, 1913, Mr. Frolich was united in marriage to Miss Hazel Armstrong, formerly of Seattle, and they have three children : H. J., Jr., Shirley and Robert. In politics Mr. Frolich is a republican but not a strong partisan, being largely independent in his views, and he is a member of Holy Trinity English Lutheran church. He is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and also belongs to the Kiwanis Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He is a good citizen and a sagacious, farsighted business man, fully alive to conditions in the modern commercial world and possessing the enterprise, aggressiveness and resourcefulness necessary to cope with them. WALTER F. SWALWELL Walter F. Swalwell, pioneer realtor of Everett, has been continuously engaged in business for nearly thirty years and represents a family whose members have contributed in notable measure to the city's upbuilding and improvement. He was born in December, 1868, and is a native of Quebec, Canada. His parents, G. W. and Isabel (Duff) Swalwell, settled in Tacoma, Washington, in 1888 and in 1891 came to Everett, where the father lived retired until his demise in 1901, while the mother passed away in 1919. Seven children were born to them. W. G., the eldest, platted the first two subdivisions of Everett, starting the work early in 1892. The first, comprising about forty acres, extended from the railroad to Walnut street and from California street to a point south of Hewitt avenue. In 1893 he laid out the second subdivision, which was also a tract of forty acres. It extended from Walnut street to Fulton street on the west and south from Everett avenue to a location a few hundred feet south of Hewitt avenue. W. G. Swalwell continued his real estate operations in Everett until 1921, and he established the First National Bank of Everett, of which he was the president for several years. He erected a three story brick building, in which the Spokane Hotel is now located, and he was a member of the city council. He was associated in business with his brother, W. A. Swalwell, the latter of whom is now living in Portland, Oregon. A. W. Swalwell was for many years a prominent contractor of Everett but at the present time is living in Alhambra, California. R. E. Swalwell, his partner, is still engaged in the contracting business in Everett. The subject of this sketch is the next in order of birth. J. E. Swalwell was one of the early druggists of Everett but now makes his home on the shore of Lake Chelan, Washington. J. A. Swal-well was cashier of the First National Bank of Everett, of which he was afterward vice president, and subsequently served the National Bank of Commerce at Seattle in a similar capacity. He was president of the Union National Bank of Seattle and is now chairman of the board of directors of the Dexter Horton National Bank of that city, which numbers him among its foremost financiers. Walter F. Swalwell attended the public schools of Canada and also completed a course in a business college. He accompanied his parents on their journey to Tacoma and there engaged in business, handling school and office supplies. In 1892 he opened a similar store in Everett and his was the first business of the kind in the city. In 1897 he entered the field of real estate, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 83 in which he has since continued, and his is among the oldest and largest businesses of the kind in the city. Late in the '90s Mr. Swalwell placed on the market some five acre tracts in East Everett which soon found buyers, and early in l90() he offered for sale the Riverside Garden tracts, constituting one hundred and sixty acres in all. He first platted the Hewitt Heights addition, which was followed by the South Park addition to Everett, and in association with Judge Black and others subdivided the Lake Stevens summer home tract, comprising more than six hundred acres. Later Mr. Swalwell laid out the Pinehurst subdivisions, the Terrace addition to Everett and the Victory Heights addition. He erected about fifty residences and several commercial buildings. He has an authoritative knowledge of the business and his work has been of inestimable benefit to the city. He has never resorted to questionable methods, upholding a high standard that has made the name of Swalwell synonymous with safety in real estate investment. In 1897 Mr. Swalwell was united in marriage to Miss Edyth Moore, of Zanesville, Ohio, and they have become the parents of two daughters, Corinne and Arline. Mr. Swalwell belongs to the Realty Board and the Chamber of Commerce and is a Mason. For recreation he turns to golf, and he is a popular member of the Everett Country Club. His political support is given to the republican party. He has a wide acquaintance and enjoys to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. CHARLES YNGVE Charles Yngve, part owner of the Depot Service Station, is prominently connected with the automobile trade of East Stanwood and represents one of the oldest families of this locality. He was born October 4, 1890, near Stanwood, and his parents, E. 0. and Ingeborg (Olson) Yngve, were natives of Sweden. They came to northwestern Washington in 1887 and the father purchased a homestead in the vicinity of Stanwood. He was one of the early settlers in the district and spent the remainder of his life on the farm, bringing his land to a high state of development. Death summoned him in 1900, and the mother passed away in 1920. Six children were born to them, namely : Anna, who is the wife of Gustave Olson ; Elizabeth, who married C. E. Carlson, of Everett, Washington; Emma, deceased, who was the wife of Peter Henning ; Charles ; Ellen, who is living in East Stanwood ; and Ernest. Charles Yngve was reared on his father's ranch and received a public school education. Possessing an aptitude for mechanical pursuits, he decided to enter the automobile business and in March, 1919, opened the Depot Service Station in East Stanwood in association with Mannie Wickstrum. They were later joined by Ernest Yngve and first had the agency for the Dodge cars. They afterward handled the Star machines but are now dealing in tires and automobile accessories. They furnish oil and gasoline to patrons and operate a well equipped repair shop which turns out first-class work. The partners are young men of enterprise and ability, and as a result of their combined efforts the business has rapidly expanded. In 1921 Mr. Yngve married Miss Evelyn Jenny, a daughter of Fred Jenny, who came to Snohomish county in the '80s, casting in his lot with its early settlers. To this union has been born one child, Doris. Mr. Yngve is identified with the Masonic fraternity and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is one of the energetic members of the Commercial Club and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He is a young man of substantial worth and holds a secure place in the esteem of the residents of this community, with whom his life has been passed. GEORGE R. O'MEARA George R. O'Meara is a successful druggist and a well known figure in mercantile circles of Everett. A son of Michael and Margaret (Mahoney) O'Meara, he was born in 1877 and is a native of Elma, Iowa. His father is deceased, but the mother survives, residing in the Hawkeye state. In 1881 the family migrated to South Dakota and the subject of this review was reared on his father's ranch, attending the public schools of that state. He was afterward a student at Highland Park College of Des Moines, Iowa, from which he was graduated in 1900 on the completion of a course in pharmacy. Mr. O'Meara came to Washington in 1902 and for two years was a resident of Seattle. He went to Alaska in 1904 and spent six years in that country, clerking in drug stores at Nome and Fairbanks. In 1910 he returned to Seattle and toward the close of the year came to Everett, obtaining a position in the Owl drug store, 84 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with which he was connected until 1917. He was afterward employed in drug stores of Tacoma and Seattle and in July, 1923, returned to Everett. In partnership with Arthur Solie he purchased the Ekho drug store at 1710 Hewitt avenue, and they have since conducted the business, being recognized as leaders in the local trade. The prescription department is one of the most important features of the business. Mr. O'Meara is an experienced pharmacist, well acquainted with the chemical combination of drugs, and the enterprise is conducted along progressive and scientific lines. In politics Mr. O'Meara is nonpartisan, and his support can always be relied upon in the furtherance of measures for Everett's growth and advancement. He is one of the enterprising members of the Chamber of Commerce and belongs to the Kiwanis Club and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Earnest, purposeful and determined, he has steadily progressed toward the goal fixed by his ambition, and well deserved success has crowned his efforts. REV. OLE J. EDWARDS Among the able preachers, faithful pastors and public-spirited citizens of Snohomish county is Rev. Ole J. Edwards, the popular pastor of the Central Lutheran church in Everett, where he has served for four years. He was born in Norway in 1868 and is a son of Edward and Berith Erickson, both of whom also were natives of that country. When our subject was four years old, his father died, and four years later his mother emigrated to the United States. She located in Minnesota, where she eventually married again, becoming the wife of P. Peterson. In 1909 she came to Everett and now makes her home here. Ole J. Edwards received in his native land what would be equivalent to an American high school training. He came to the United States in 1888, locating in Minnesota, where he attended the public schools, though he already had some knowledge of the English language. While completing his school work he was employed on farms in the summers. He then entered college at Red Wing, Minnesota, and was graduated in 1894, after which he entered a theological seminary at Red Wing, from which he was graduated in 1897, and was ordained that same year. During his collegiate years he taught school during the summers. His first pastorate was at Cooperstown, North Dakota, where he remained two years, and he was then for six years pastor of the church at Norwood, North Dakota. He next went to Duluth, Minnesota, where he remained until 1905, when he went to Bellingham, Washington, where he assumed a triple pastorate, including the Bethlehem Lutheran church of Bellingham, the Lutheran church at South Bethlehem and the church at Fir, a relation which he sustained for one and a half years. In 1907 Rev. Edwards came to Everett as pastor of what was then known as the Ebenezer Lutheran church, where he remained six years. During three years of this period he also taught in Columbia College, at Everett. He then accepted the pastorate of the Grace Lutheran church at Watertown, South Dakota, where he remained eight years, and in January, 1922, he returned to Everett as pastor of the Central Lutheran church, which he is still serving, to the entire satisfaction of his congregation. In 1893 Rev. Edwards was united in marriage to Miss Huldah Gunderson, who is a native of Norway, a daughter of Throud and Ingrid Gunderson, who brought their family to the United States when Mrs. Edwards was four years of age, settling in Iowa. The father died soon afterward and the mother later became the wife of Ole Anderson. Mrs. Edwards spent her girlhood in McGregor, Iowa, remaining at home until her marriage. To Rev. and Mrs. Edwards have been born three children : Elmer, who after completing the public school course spent one year in Columbia College, Everett, and finished his studies in Augustana College, South Dakota, is now teller in a bank in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. He was married to Miss Melva Seim. Joseph, who was graduated from the Watertown high school, spent three years at St. Olaf College, in Minnesota, and will this year graduate from the University of Washington. He is dean of music at Parkland Lutheran College, near Tacoma. He was married to Miss Ardy Anderson. Benjamin, twin brother to Joseph, was graduated from the Watertown high school, had two years at St. Olaf College, and was then graduated from the Denver Conservatory of Music. He served as professor of music at the Eugene Bible School, at Eugene, Oregon, and is now professor of music at the College of the Pacific, Stockton, California. He was married to Miss Huldah Tande, and they have one child, June Lavonne. During the World war Elmer served as a musician in an artillery band. Joseph served for one year as organist at St. Paul's Lutheran church of Toledo, Ohio. Rev. Edwards is a member of the Lutheran Brotherhood, while his political alignment is with the republican party. He took out his final citizenship papers in 1912. Genial and friendly in his social relations, he enjoys marked popularity throughout the community. He HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 85 has been a tremendous influence for righteousness in this locality and has consistently supported every movement for its betterment along either material, moral or social lines, having earned the confidence and esteem of the people generally. CHARLES J. WARREN Charles J. Warren, chief of the fire department of Arlington, has also rendered good service to the town in other connections, and is one of its leading merchants. He was born January .1, 1875, in the city of Chicago, and his parents were William and Annie (McClaren) Warren, the former a building contractor. The subject of this sketch was reared in Peoria, Illinois, and received a public school education. He learned the carpenter's trade under the direction of his father, whom he aided in construction work, and in 1896 came to Washington. For nine years he was employed in the mills around Arlington, and in 1905 he entered the service of Peterson Brothers, prominent business men of that place. He remained with that firm for seven years and on July 12, 1912, opened a store in the town. He specializes in men's furnishings, handling Style Plus clothes and fine shoes, and caters to the most desirable class of patrons. He has a thorough understanding of mercantile affairs and adds to this knowledge business acumen and executive ability. On June 6, 1908, Mr. Warren was united in marriage to Miss Mattie H. Hansen, of Stanwood, and they have three daughters : Geraldine, Anne Marion and Grace Edith. Mr. Warren is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is allied with the republican party and was elected mayor of Arlington, serving for one term. He has been a member of the town council for three terms and chief of the fire department for eighteen years, establishing a record of public service equaled by few men in the state. Mr. Warren combines in his character all of the qualities of a useful and desirable citizen and his career has been rounded with success. A. H. KINNEY Endowed with keen mentality and that quality which has been termed "the commercial sense," A. H. Kinney has wisely used these faculties and his rapidly expanding powers have placed him at the head of the largest music house in Everett. He was born October 21, 1891, in Anoka, Minnesota, and is a son of Fred H. and Nellie M. (Cummings) Kinney. His father located in Seattle, Washington, in 1905, sending for the family a year later, and has long been numbered among the leading contractors of that city. A. H. Kinney supplemented his public school education by attendance at the Wilson Business College and was its youngest graduate, completing his course when but sixteen years of age. He entered the office of the Daily Star in the capacity of head bookkeeper, and during 1908-9 he was employed as a bookkeeper by Mayer Brothers. He traveled for a wholesale jewelry firm in 1910 and in the following year established a jewelry store in Arlington, Washington. He was there engaged in business for five and a half years and in 1916 returned to Seattle, entering the employ of the Sherman Clay Piano Company. He remained with that well known firm until March 1, 1918, and then came to Everett. In association with W. H. Kinney and J. E. Sipprell he formed the firm of Kinney Brothers & Sipprell and their first establishment was at No. 2805 Colby street. On February 13, 1920, they moved to their present location at No. 1705 Hewitt avenue and occupy a building twenty-five by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions. They have additional space in the rear and also rent the upper floor of the adjoining building. They carry a full line of pianos, phonographs and radio sets and their trade extends throughout Snohomish county, also covering a portion of King county. They employ thirty-one persons and utilize twelve delivery trucks. The business has been in operation for nine years and in this period the firm has sold over nine thousand musical instruments, not including those used in bands, and smaller instruments. Outside of Seattle this is the largest music house in the state and theirs is the largest stock of radios carried by any dealer north of San Francisco. The business was started with a capital of two hundred and forty dollars and no credit and the yearly transactions of the company now amount to two hundred and twenty-six thousand dollars. The business was established upon the solid foundation of commercial integrity and its phenomenal growth is due to the enterprise, vision, executive force and harmonious cooperation of the members of the firm, who have made Everett known throughout the Pacific northwest as a center for musical instruments. 86 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY On August 26, 1912, Mr. Kinney was united in marriage to Miss Eva R. Graham, of Seattle, and they have three children : Katherine, Jack and Robert. Mr. Kinney is one of the valued members of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and was its president during 1924-25. He enjoys golf and is one of the popular members of the Country Club. He is also a Rotarian and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a republican but has never sought political office. He was one of the promoters of the project for building the Monte Cristo Hotel and has always been in the van of every movement for the general good. The exercise of effort has developed his latent talents, and that he is a young man of exceptional worth and ability is demonstrated by what he has accomplished. CHARLES A. TURNER Charles A. Turner, a veteran of two wars, has long been recognized as one of the foremost lawyers of Everett, and in the field of public service he has also achieved prominence. He was born November 6, 1877, in New York city, and is a son of William and Cecilia (Byrth) Turner. The latter was also born in the Empire state, while the father emigrated from England to the United States, becoming one of the well known cotton manufacturers of the east. Charles A. Turner received his early education in his native state and also attended a private school in England. He came to the state of Washington in March, 1904, first locating at Port Townsend, and in 1905 moved to Seattle. He enrolled as a student in the law department of the University of Washington and on May 14, 1909, was admitted to the bar. Prior to that time he was connected with the United States departments of commerce and labor. Mr. Turner located at Everett in 1909 and has since specialized in federal practice. He has won a large clientele and enjoys an enviable reputation as a criminal lawyer. He is an able advocate, felicitous and clear in argument, and wins a large percentage of his cases, never entering the courtroom without thorough, painstaking preparation. In April, 1901, Mr. Turner married Miss Nora Durkin, also a native of New York city, and they have two children : Cecilia, who is engaged in teaching and resides with her parents ; and Charles P., a student at the State University. In 1898 Mr. Turner fought for his country during the conflict with Spain, and in 1917 he volunteered for service in the World war. He joined the Presidio Reserve Officers Training Camp and rose to the rank of captain in the signal corps, receiving his honorable discharge in 1919. Following his return to Everett, he was elected city commissioner, having charge of the department of public safety and acceptably filled that office until 1923. In 1922 lie was a candidate for congress on the republican ticket. He is a past commander o f the Veterans of Foreign Wars and the Spanish-American War Veterans and also belongs to the American Legion. Mr. Turner is a Scottish Rite Mason and has taken the fourteenth degree in the order. He is connected with Everett Lodge of Perfection and University Lodge No. 141, F. & A. M., of Seattle. He is also identified with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a member of the Everett Rifle Club and has been vice president of the Motor Boat Club of Everett. Mr. Turner has a high conception of the duties and obligations of citizenship and honors his profession by his close adherence to the solid virtues and enlightened principles underlying the law. CEDRIC E. M. TUOHY, M. D., C. M. Dr. Cedric E. M. Tuohy is one of the successful physicians of Snohomish and occupies an enviable position in medical circles of the county. He was born in 1893 at El Paso, Texas, and is a son of Edward and Florence (Moody) Tuohy, the latter a native of San Francisco, California. The father was born in Chicago, Illinois, and is connected with the newspaper business. During the childhood of Dr. Tuohy the family went to British Columbia, Canada, settling in Victoria, and in the public schools of that city he received his preliminary training. He was graduated from the medical department of McGill University in 1917 and during 1918-19 was a soldier in the Canadian army. He served in England with the medical corps and after receiving his honorable discharge came to Washington, spending a year in Seattle. In 1920 he opened an office in Snohomish, and his practice has since grown rapidly. He is very thorough in diagnosis and brings to the discharge of his professional duties youthful energy, comprehensive training and the most modern ideas along medical and surgical lines. In 1923 Dr. Tuohy married Miss Beatrice Mero, of Snohomish, and to this union has been HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 87 born a son, Cedric. The Doctor is active in the affairs of the Everett Golf and Country Club and enjoys the social side of life. He belongs to the American Legion and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is serving as vice president of the Snohomish County Medical Society and is also a member of the Washington State Medical Society, the British Columbia Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Of a studious nature, he is constantly broadening his field of usefulness, and his future is a most promising one. J. W. EMBREE Canada has supplied the state of Washington with many of its most loyal and valuable citizens, and among the number is J. W. Embree, a successful and well known business man of Everett. His birth occurred in the province of Nova Scotia in 1863, his parents being Thomas and Beriah Embree. He received a public school education and began his business career as a clerk, working in various stores. He was employed for a number of years by the Canadian Pacific Railroad Company and subsequently worked in the Everett offices of the Great Northern Railroad Company from 1902 until 1906. Next he became connected with the H. 0. Seiffert Company, dealers in wood, coal and building materials in Everett, with which he continued for twelve years, while subsequently he spent a period of six years in the service of the Ferry-Baker Lumber Company in the same city. In March, 1924, he joined W. F. Bailey in the conduct of a men's clothing store which the latter had established in 1919 and which is situated at 1609, Hewitt avenue in Everett. He remained as junior member of the firm of Bailey & Embree, dealers in clothing, furnishings and hats, until April, 1925, when he sold his interest in the concern to W. H. Kinney. Thereafter Mr. Embree and his associates purchased the business of the Todd Products Company, manufacturers of auto polish, auto top dressing and window cleaner in Everett, and to the conduct of this enterprise he has since devoted his attention with splendid success. In 1884 Mr. Embree married Miss Elizabeth Whigham, a native of Belfast, Ireland. They are the parents of three daughters and a son, as follows : Ethel, now the wife of C. W. Beebe, of California ; Irene, who married Nathaniel Mcllroy, of Everett ; Harry R., a resident of Everett, Washington; and Claire, who is the wife of C. W. McKern and a resident of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Mr. Embree is a Presbyterian in religious faith and acts as secretary and treasurer of the church, doing all in his power to further its interests. He is an adherent of the republican party and along fraternal lines is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is serving as treasurer of the Lions Club of Everett and also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Young Men's Christian Association. Mr. Embree has been the recipient of important trusts, and his integrity, public spirit and fidelity to duty are well known to the citizens of Everett, who speak of him in terms of admiration and respect. WILLIAM C. BLACK William C. Black, the efficient postmaster of Lowell, has continuously served in this capacity since 1909, at which time he succeeded his father, who had resigned after twelve years of service in the position. He was born at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, on the 9th of November, 1876, a son of William H. and Anna M. (Spurrier) Black, who arrived at Snohomish, Washington, in 1890 and in the following year removed to Lowell. Here William H. Black successfully conducted a hotel for many years, while subsequently, as above stated, he filled the position of postmaster for a period of twelve years. He passed away in 1912, at Lowell, where his widow still makes her home and where she has an extensive circle of warm friends. The death of W. H. Black was sincerely mourned by all who knew him, for he was a man of many admirable traits of character and had become very favorably known throughout the Lowell community. William C. Black acquired a public school education in his youth awl after putting aside his textbooks worked in the paper mills at Lowell, Washington. He was also similarly employed in California. In 1909, when a young man of about thirty-three years, he succeeded his father as postmaster of Lowell, in which office he has remained throughout the intervening period of seventeen years. He has made a splendid record in this connection, having ever discharged his duties in a highly capable and commendable manner. 88 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Since attaining his majority Mr. Black has supported the men and measures of the republican party, believing that its principles are most conducive to good government. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias. He has an extensive and favorable acquaintance throughout his home community and enjoys an enviable reputation as a faithful public official, a patriotic citizen and a loyal friend. W. G. BAKER W. G. Baker is a member of one of the prominent families of Everett and enjoys an enviable reputation as an optometrist, owing his success to thorough scientific training and broad experience in his chosen vocation. He was born November 29, 1871, in Waupun, Wisconsin, and was but four years old when his parents, J. A. and Harmony Addie (Bly) Baker, went to Nebraska. His father was a dealer in pumps and windmills and afterward engaged in the lumber business at Exeter and Wahoo, Nebraska. He brought the family to Snohomish, Washington, in the spring of 1892, and for seven years his energies were devoted to the cultivation of the soil. In 1899 he opened a real estate office in Everett and did much to improve and develop the town. He successfully followed that business until his demise in 1920, and his widow is still a resident of the city. W. G. Baker attended the public schools of Nebraska and afterward took up the study of optometry in the Kellan and Monroe College, from which he was graduated in May, 1899. For twenty-seven years he has continuously followed this profession in Everett and through his scientific knowledge and skill has rendered valuable service to its citizens. In 1910 he was joined by M. Sandstein, with whom he was associated until November, 1923, and Mr. Baker's present partner, D. H. Elwood, was trained in his office, which he entered on leaving high school. Mr. Baker started in a small room and in October, 1920, moved to his present location at 2807 Colby avenue. His equipment is the finest obtainable and represents an expenditure of more than nine thousand dollars. He is a recognized expert in the line in which he specializes and since 1910 has conducted the business under the style of the Everett Optical Company. The firm does all of the necessary grinding and has established an extensive clientele. On June 20, 1904, Mr. Baker was united in marriage to Miss Mary Carver, who was formerly engaged in educational work and taught for some time in Everett. Mr. Baker is a Rotarian and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has witnessed many notable changes during the period of his residence in Everett, rejoicing in what has been accomplished, and fills an important place in the life of. the community, enjoying the esteem of a wide circle of friends. LOT WILBUR Lot Wilbur, one of the venerable citizens of Snohomish, began his commercial career at a very early age and won noteworthy success in the logging business when Michigan was the center of that industry. Much of his life has been spent in the Pacific northwest and as the pioneer druggist of Snohomish he rendered valuable service to the residents of this locality, at the same time winning the legitimate reward of honest labor, intelligently directed. He engaged in the business for a period of forty-two years and also found time for activity in public affairs, exerting his efforts as readily for the general good as for his own aggrandizement. Mr. Wilbur was born August 29, 1846, in Lapeer county, Michigan, and his parents, Marvin and Jane (Gregory) Wilbur, were natives of New York. They went to Michigan as pioneers, and the father entered a homestead, which he subsequently transformed into a rich and productive tract of land. He followed the occupation of farming for several years and also engaged in the lumber business, spending the last years of his life in the Wolverine state, in which the mother also passed away. In the acquirement of an education Lot Wilbur attended the public schools of Michigan and also studied at home under the direction of his mother. At the age of thirteen he began to provide for his own livelihood, earning nine dollars per month by working on a farm. He bought a yoke of steers for fifteen dollars and sold them the next day for thirty-five dollars, making twenty dollars on the deal. When a youth of fourteen he rented a farm but found the work unprofitable and in 1861 went into the lumber woods, becoming boss of a crew of forty men in his father's camp. When seventeen years of age Mr. Wilbur's enterprising NfIEFIIM .1,01 'SHIN CINV '2111 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 91 spirit prompted him to venture into the logging industry as an independent operator and he prospered in the undertaking, at one time conducting a business of over one hundred and fifty thousand dollars per annum. After disposing of his interests in Michigan he spent a year in Wisconsin and then purchased a drug store at Mantorville, Minnesota. He was its proprietor for four years and then transferred his activities to Kasson, Minnesota, where he engaged in the same line of business for a year. In May, 1875, Mr. Wilbur arrived in Lowell, Washington, and at the end of a week moved to Olympia. He obtained work as a timber cruiser and was paid fifteen dollars per day, being also provided with board. Later he bought a tract of timber in the vicinity of Olympia and engaged in the logging business for a short time. After disposing of his holdings there he accepted a position in a drug store at Seattle and. next entered the field of insurance. While connected with that business he visited Snohomish county and sold a policy to William Whitfield, writing a large amount of insurance in this section of the state. On December 18, 1875, Mr. Wilbur opened the first drug store in Snohomish, and his receipts for the first day amounted to two and a half dollars. He conducted the store until 1917 and always remained the leader of the trade, building up a large business by honest methods, high class service and wise management. He is the owner of much valuable realty in Snohomish and has improved the town by the erection of a fine office building. In 1868 Mr. Wilbur married Miss Jennie Moore, who was also born in Michigan, and their union was severed by her death in 1915. Having no children of his own, Mr. Wilbur adopted five sons : Charles Alverson, now deceased, who was a very successful business man and founded the town of Dawson, Minnesota ; Homer Moore, who was a brother of Mrs. Wilbur and has also passed away ; Philip Williams, who now makes his home in Seattle, Washington ; and two other children. Mr. Wilbur is an adherent of the democratic party and has lent the weight of his influence to every worthy public project. He served on the town council, was county treasurer for two terms and probate judge for one term, making a fine record in every office to which he was called. Along fraternal lines he is identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has traveled throughout the United States and is thoroughly appreciative of the many advantages and attractions of this locality. He built the house in which he resides and has lived in this dwelling for a half century. He has witnessed practically every phase of the development of Snohomish, and his memory forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present. Mr. Wilbur has reached the venerable age of seventy-nine years and is spending the sunset period of life in rest and tranquillity, surrounded by a wide circle of sincere friends. E. H. HOKANSON The Scandinavian countries have furnished many valuable citizens to the Pacific northwest, and in this connection E. H. Hokanson is deserving of special mention, for his labors have constituted an important element in the mercantile development of Everett as well as a source of individual prosperity. A native of Sweden, he was born November 19, 1883, and is a son of Hokan Jacobson, who engaged in merchandising in that country, but in later life turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. Mr. Hokanson was educated in Sweden and as a young man responded to the lure of the new world. He arrived in Everett, May 20, 1903, and obtained a position in a store. He worked for various merchants, and in 1905 he opened a tea and coffee store at 2811 Hoyt avenue. He afterward disposed of his stock and for a short time was manager of a store on Hewitt avenue, selling butter and other dairy products. In 1907 he moved to Bellingham and for six years was employed by the firm of Wilson, Nobles & Barr, retail and wholesale groceries, and he filled a position in the Mousos grocery store for six years. In 1919 he returned to Everett. He opened the Everett Fruit & Grocery Store at 1315 Hewitt avenue and was its proprietor until April 15, 1925. On June 8 of that year he purchased the business of Wildes, Metzger & Requa, and he now has the finest stock of groceries in the city. The business was incorporated in 1900 and the store is the oldest and largest of the kind in Everett. Mr. Hokanson has a detailed knowledge of the business and enjoys an extensive patronage. He is an enterprising merchant and his commercial transactions have always balanced up with the principles of truth and honor. In 1906 Mr. Hokanson married Miss Bina Johnson, also a native of Sweden, and they now have a family of eleven children : Hildur, Dagmar, Bernice, Vincent, Randolph, Richard, Margaret, Dorothy, Frederick, May and June. The eldest daughter is an accomplished musician, 92 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and her brother Randolph, aged ten years, already displays marked talent as a pianist. Mr. Hokanson is an adherent of the republican party, but has never entered politics. He is a valued member of the Chamber of Commerce and also of the Lions Club, and champions every movement for civic advancement and prosperity. His record proves that true success comes only through tireless industry, guided and inspired by singleness of purpose. JOHN HILTON John Hilton, mayor of Marysville, is also numbered among its foremost business men and represents one of the pioneer families of this locality. He was born May 22, 1886, in Lucas county, Iowa, and is a son of Jeffrey and Mary (Hankin) Hilton. His parents journeyed to Washington in 1886, locating at Black Diamond, and a year later moved to Marysville. The father secured the right to a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, paying one hundred dollars for the tract, and for many years his energies were devoted to the cultivation and improvement of the place. He sold the property in 1918 and now resides on a ranch in the vicinity of the town. John Hilton attended the public schools of Marysville, and after his education was completed he became a shingle weaver. He was connected with milling operations for several years and then formed a partnership with Frank Workman. On October 1, 1917, they purchased the business of the Marysville Transfer Company, and their trade has grown rapidly in the intervening period. They are dealers in lumber, building material and blasting powder, and are enterprising, capable business men of high standing. Mr. Hilton married Miss Naomi Schaefer, a daughter of C. H. Schaefer, whose biographical record is published elsewhere in this volume, and they have two children, Ronald and Irene. Along fraternal lines Mr. Hilton is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of American and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is an adherent of the republican party and has been a member of the town council. For six years he has been mayor of Marysville, and his administration has been characterized by the inauguration of various needed reforms and improvements. Mr. Hilton has never used political office as an avenue to personal aggrandizement and his honor and integrity are above question. He is a young man of energy and determination, thoroughly imbued with the progressive spirit of the west, and has many stanch friends in Marysville, in which his life has been spent. 0. B. ALMVIG, JR. Although but twenty-three years of age, 0. B. Almvig, Jr., has already become a forceful factor in business circles of Everett, and he represents a family whose members have achieved prominence in the field of electrical engineering, in which they excel. He was born in Sparta, Wisconsin, April 4, 1903, and is a son of 0. B. and Julia Almvig, who came to Everett in 1907. The father entered the electrical business and in 1918 was joined by the subject of this sketch. The latter took a four years' course in electrical engineering and has always followed this profession. His brother, A. H., is one of the foremost electrical engineers in Washington, and O. G., another brother, is also an electrical engineer. They opened an electrical fixture shop at 1817 Hewitt avenue and in 1922 moved to the present location at 2810% Colby avenue. They have a large warehouse at 2821 Hoyt street and operate four trucks, and they specialize in industrial electrification, furnishing regular employment to about eight men. Their work covers every branch of the business, from residence contracts to turbine jobs running from fifty thousand to eighty thousand dollars, and represents the highest degree of efficiency. They installed the flood lighting system for the river, which they illuminated for a distance of two miles, thus enabling the men to work in night shifts on the booms. They were awarded the contract for electrical equipment by the new First National Bank and used forty-five thousand feet of wire in the burglar-proof system. In 1924 they built for the Walton Lumber Company the first planing mill in the United States with complete automatic equipment for operation by electrical power—a noteworthy achievement. They also electrified the Eclipse mill and parts of the plants of the Clark-Nickerson Company, the Robinson Manufacturing Company and the Walton Veneer Company. Their operations are conducted on an extensive scale and the business is a great asset to Everett and to the entire state. In October, 1923, 0. B. Almvig, Jr., was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Thomas, of Everett, and both are prominent in the social life of the city. Mr. Almvig is one of the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 93 energetic members of the Chamber of Commerce, and in politics he follows an independent course, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. He is a member of the National Association of Electrical Engineers and the American Institute of Engineers. Possessing a studious nature and keen intelligence, he has risen rapidly in his profession, and his career, much as it holds of accomplishment, is still rich in promise. ARTHUR M. BLACKMAN Among the pioneer settlers of Snohomish is numbered Arthur M. Blackman, formerly identified with the grocery business, the logging industry and other lines of activity, and for many years postmaster of the town. He was born November 23, 1865, in Penobscot county Maine, and his parents, George V. and Frances A. (Eddy) Blackman, were also natives of the Pine Tree state. The father was a lumberman, and in 1874 he migrated to Michigan. In 1876 the family went to Oakland, California, and about 1890 the parents came to Washington, settling in Snohomish, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Arthur M. Blackman attended the public schools of Oakland, California, and began his business career in that city, clerking in the establishments of hardware merchants and meat dealers. He arrived in Snohomish December 12, 1885, and for two years was in the employ of Blackman Brothers, acting as manager of their general store. In 1888 he opened a grocery store in Snohomish and for seven years was its proprietor. However, he was unsuccessful in the venture and discontinued the business in 1894. ,He was next connected with the logging industry, working on the river for two years, and in 1896 was appointed postmaster of Snohomish. He proved exceptionally trustworthy and efficient and held the position for seventeen years, establishing a record unequaled by any other postmaster in the county. Mr. Blackman retired from the office in 1913 and was afterward engaged in merchandising. He also operated a farm on Lake Chelan and specialized in the raising of fruit. In 1918 he was made paymaster for the Florence Logging Company and was in the employ of that firm until 1923. He was afterward bookkeeper and purchasing agent for the Siler Logging Company. On October 6, 1887, Mr. Blackman married Adeliza (Bud) Elwell, who was a daughter of John and Eliza (Crosby) Elwell, and on July 2, 1925, death severed their union. Mr. and Mrs. Blackman adopted a child, Katherine, who died in 1917, when but thirteen years of age. Mr. Blackman belongs to Snohomish Lodge No. 32, of the Knights of Pythias, of which he is a charter member. He is also connected with Everett Lodge No. 479, of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has discharged every duty and obligation in life to the best of his ability, and occupies a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. A. W. ROSQUIST Starting at the bottom, A. W. Rosquist has steadily mounted the steep ladder which leads to success, and is now at the head of a large business which is a credit to its founder and to Everett, the city in which it is operated. A son of F. W. and Ida Marie (Gustaveson) Rosquist, he was born in 1882 and is a native of Chicago, Illinois. His mother still resides in that city, but the father passed away in 1906. A. W. Rosquist was educated in the public schools of Chicago, and his first position was in a piano factory of that city. He applied himself diligently to the tasks assigned him and utilized every opportunity to broaden his knowledge of the business, eventually mastering each detail. Coming to the Pacific coast, he located at Pasadena, California, and in 1906 formed the Pacific Piano Manufacturing Company, of which he was president, also acting as superintendent of the plant. Four years later the business was sold, and in 1910 he came to Washington. He was in the employ of a Seattle firm for a year and then opened a piano store in that city. He disposed of the stock in 1917 and in the fall of 1921 moved to Everett, organizing the Rosquist-Hawk Piano Company. The business was incorporated in 1926 with the subject of this sketch as the president, while Roy Hawk acts as secretary and treasurer. The business is situated at 2822 Colby avenue and the building is thirty by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions. The firm handles the Bush & Lane pianos and also carries a complete line of the standard makes of radios. There is no phase of the business with which Mr. Rosquist is not thoroughly familiar, and under his expert guidance the trade of the company has rapidly increased. In 1913 Mr. Rosquist was united in marriage to Miss Marie Ashland, of Everett, and they 94 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY have a son, Alvin A., aged eleven years. M r. Rosquist is a republican in his political views and belongs to Vasa Lodge and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has inherited the hardihood and strength of character of his Scandinavian ancestors and owes his prosperity to a progressive spirit, intense application, confidence in his own powers and honorable dealing. LOUIS H. UNZELMAN Louis H. Unzelman is the proprietor of a fine grocery store in Everett, and one of its enterprising business men. He was horn April 29, 1888, in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and was but three years old when his parents, H. H. and Sophia (Theiss) Unzelman, settled in Snohomish, Washington. There the father spent the remainder of his life, passing away in 1901, and the mother now makes leer home with the subject of this sketch. Louis H. Unzelman received a public school education and began his business career as a clerk in the employ of the Snohomish Grocery Company. He worked for several years for that firm, acquiring valuable experience, and was at length in a position to establish a business of his own. He formed a partnership with his brother, Walter A. Unzelman, and on October 1, 1921, they opened a grocery store in Everett. It is located at 2806 Colby avenue and is twenty-five by eighty feet in dimensions. The members of the firm are capable young business men, thoroughly informed on matters pertaining to the grocery trade, and courteous service and honorable, straightforward dealing have brought them a large patronage. In 1916 Louis H. Unzelman was united in marriage to Miss Meta Biel, one of the first white girls horn in Everett. Her father, G. A. Biel, was among the early settlers of the city, and he followed the painter's trade for many years. He is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Unzelman have two sons, Gordon and Warren H. Mr. Unzelman is a member of the Commercial Club and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is progressive and public-spirited and has a wide circle of sincere friends in this part of the county. NELS NELSON Among the citizens of Snohomish county who have gained highly creditable reputations and have distinguished themselves by right and honorable living is Nels Nelson, successful farmer of the vicinity of Snohomish and another of the large band of foi-eign born citizens who have done such commendable work in the upbuilding and progress of the county. His prominence in the community is conceded and his deeds speak for themselves, for while laboring for his own advancement he has believed also in contributing as far as possible to the general welfare. He has much of the characteristic energy, thrift and sound common sense of the Scandinavian race, and his success has been well deserved. Mr. Nelson was horn in Sweden in 1867 and is a son of Nels and Kaigsa (Olson) Olson, who were natives of that country and there spent their lives, both being now deceased. Our subject attended the public schools of his homeland, where he lived until twenty years of age, coming, in 1887, to the United States. He first located in Michigan, to which state a brother had preceded him, and he remained there for four years, working in the woods. He then went to Wisconsin, where lie spent five years in railroading, at the end of which time he went to Minnesota, where he was employed as a railroad bridge carpenter until 1903. In that year he came to Everett, Washington, and obtained employment in sawmills, while at intervals he also worked at carpentering. In 1910 Mr. Nelson bought and located on his present place, comprising eighteen acres of splendidly improved and very productive land, but which at the time he acquired it was stump land and covered with a dense second growth. An enormous amount of hard work was required to clear the tract, some of the stumps being fourteen feet in diameter, but he courageously stuck to the task and now has practically all of it cleared. When he came here there were no roads in the locality and he had to construct a road before he could haul in any lumber. He first lived in a tent, and then built what is now used as the chicken house, which served the family very nicely as a home until they could get their house built. He has through the years devoted himself very closely to the cultivation of his land, on which he raises hay and grain, feed sufficient for the cows and chickens on the place, besides which lie also has a nice and productive berry patch. He likewise. works at the carpenter's trade in the community when his services are required. He is a good workman and his services are frequently sought. Mr. Nelson was married at Duluth, Minnesota, May 27, 1899, to Miss Elizabeth Erickson, HISTORY OF SNOIIOM 1511 COUNTY 95 who also is a native of Sweden, daughter of Eric and Sarah Kaigsa ( Johnson) Erickson, both of whom spent their lives in their native land. M rs. Nelson came to the United States in 1888, locating in New York city, where she remained one summer, and then went to Minnesota, where she had a brother. To M r. and Mrs. Nelson have been horn four children, namely : Vanga Elizabeth, who is the wife of E. Bachart, of Lowell. this county, and the mother of two children, Ottly E. and Robert Nelson; Ellen Marie, the wife of V. R. Schultz, of Mukilteo, this county, and the mother of two children, Verna Belle and Evelyn Elizabeth ; Lilly F., the wife of Albert 011sett, of Seattle, and the mother of one child, Frances Louise; and Nome T., who died at the age of two years. Mr. Nelson has taken a good citizen's interest in the public affairs of his locality and rendered effective and appreciated service for three years as a member of the Valley View school board. In the early days here he donated many days of labor to the construction of roads in this section and in many other ways has contributed to the development and prosperity of the community. He is a man of earnest endeavor and right motives and has led a consistent life. RICHARD READY Richard Ready, a business man of broad experience and marked ability, has been intimately connected with real estate operations in Everett for twenty-four years, and his activities have proven of material benefit to the city, in which he settled in pioneer times. He was born December 5, 1855, in St. Lawrence county, New York, and his parents were William and Mary (McCray) Ready. His public school education was supplemented by a course in a business college, and after his graduation he entered the lumber business in New York. Subsequently he resided in Ottawa and Montreal, Canada, and for twenty-three years was engaged in the retail lumber business, winning a substantial measure of success. In 1897 he allied his interests with those of Everett, which was then a small settlement, and he has witnessed much of the growth of the city. He embarked in the real estate business in 1902 and is one of the oldest and best known dealers in the city. He also handles loans and writes general insurance. Mr. Ready is exceptionally well informed concerning local realty and his judgment is considered infallible in matters of this kind. His unusual foresight has enabled him to avoid dangerous projects and his conservatism is a guarantee for the soundness of his investments. He is secretary of the Ready Land Company, which opened up one of the large additions to Everett and has clone much important work along development lines, operating on an extensive scale. In 1907 Mr. Ready married Miss Lola Mitchell, who was the first white girl born on the town site of Everett, of which her father, J. H. Mitchell, was one of the earliest settlers. Mr. and Mrs. Ready have a daughter, Bettie Virginia, and also became the parents of a son, Richard Roland, who is deceased. Mr. Ready is a republican but has never entered the political arena. He is a Kiwanian and a charter member of the Everett Golf Zir Country Club and the Cascade Club. He belongs to the local realty board and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His life has been well spent, and the strength that he manifests in business affairs has its root in a progressive spirit, an energetic nature and high principles, which have won for him the unqualified esteem of all with whom he has been brought in contact. W. E. NIYERS W. E. Myers, one of the prominent merchants of Stanwood, has achieved noteworthy success as a druggist, and this business has constituted his life work. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1871, and his parents, John and Anna (Johnson) Myers, died when he was a child. He attended the public schools of New York city and began his business career as a clerk in a drug store. He found the work interesting and improved every opportunity to learn the business. Going to the middle west, he associated himself with the drug trade of Iowa and gradually broadened the scope of his activities. Eventually he operated a chain of Red Cross stores, situated in various parts of the state, and was recognized as a leader of the drug business in Iowa. In 1907 he disposed of his interests in that state and went to Oregon. For three years he lived retired in Portland and since 1910 has been engaged in business in Stanwood. He carries a large stock of drugs and is very careful in filling prescriptions, and a well deserved reputation for enterprise and reliability has brought him an extensive patronage. 96 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISI-I COUNTY He has an expert understanding of the drug trade and this knowledge is supplemented by business acumen and sagacity. In 1905 Mr. Myers was united in marriage to Miss Leora Hayes, whom he met while a resident of Iowa, and their hospitable home has been the scene of many enjoyable social gatherings. Mr. Myers is a republican but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has made his own way in the world and his success has resulted from intense application, self-confidence and the ability to convert his opportunities into tangible assets. He loyally supports all worthy public projects and possesses many commendable traits of character, as his fellow citizens attest. ARTHUR E. HALL Arthur E. Hall, a successful realtor, has spent the greater part of his life in Washington and his name has long figured prominently in business circles of Everett. He was born February 20, 1877, in Taylorville, Illinois, and was but ten years old when his parents, Addison and Mary J. (Clark) Hall, made the journey to Washington. After a brief stay in Seattle they settled in Snohomish county, and for a few years the father operated a farm near Florence. About 1890 he moved to Stanwood, Washington, where he spent the remainder of his life, and the mother also passed away in that town. Arthur E. Hall received a public school education and at Stanwood became connected with the hay and grain business. He was appointed postmaster of the town in 1900 and served for four years. He was engaged in merchandising at Mount Vernon, Washington, for one and a half years and then came to Everett as assistant cashier of the Bank of Commerce, filling the position until 1907, when he became the proprietor of a confectionery store at the corner of Rockefeller street and Hewitt avenue. He conducted the business for five years and in 1912 opened a real estate office at 2924 Colby avenue. He deals chiefly in farm property and also handles loans and insurance. Many important transfers of property have been effected through his agency and the business is prospering in all of its departments. In 1907 Mr. Hall was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Featherstone, of Tacoma, Washington, and theirs is one of the most attractive homes in Everett. Mr. Hall is an adherent of the republican party and lends the weight of his support to every project for civic growth and betterment. He is a member of the Young Men's Christian Association and the Kiwanis Club, while his fraternal connections are with the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a sagacious, enterprising business man of strict honesty and has many friends, whom he has won by a life of industry and rightly directed endeavor. L. J. BOESHAR Among the men of courage, vision and initiative to whom Everett is indebted for its development along mercantile lines, none enjoys a higher reputation than L. J. Boeshar, for twenty-five years the recognized leader of the furniture trade in this city. He was born February 18, 1864, in Wheeling, West Virginia, and was but a year old when his parents, Fred and Margaret (Schaefer) Boeshar, moved to Bellaire, Ohio. His father was a miner and in later life engaged in the cigar business. L. J. Boeshar received a public school education and worked for his father until 1882. When eighteen years of age he entered the furniture business at Bellaire, Ohio, and afterward allied his interests with those of Sistersville, West Virginia. He next located in Sedalia, Missouri, and in 1901 embarked in the furniture business at Everett as a member of the firm of Smith & Boeshar. They erected a modern building at the corner of Broadway and Hewitt streets and were associated in business until the death of Mr. Smith in 1913. A. W. Hooton was then admitted to a partnership, and since February, 1914, the business has been operated under the style of the Boeshar-Hooton Furniture Company. In 1916 they were obliged to seek more commodious quarters and moved to their present location at 2920 Colby avenue. They have a fine building, two stories in height and fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions. The business was built upon the solid foundation of commercial integrity and has steadily increased, keeping pace with the growth and progress of the city. Mr. Boeshar is the executive head of the business and in its conduct brings to bear the wisdom and knowledge acquired HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 97 by years of close study and practical experience. The firm has the largest and finest stock of furniture in the city and draws its patronage from a wide area. In 1889 Mr. Boeshar married Miss Annie Strahl, of Ohio, and they have a family of four children: Laura, who is attending the Washington State College; Ruth ; Cyrus, who is engaged in the practice of dentistry ; and Helen (Mrs. F. L. Boissonault) of the Westinghouse Electric Company, of Berkeley, California. Mr. Boeshar is an influential member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and has taken the thirty-second degree in the order, of which he is a worthy exemplar, endeavoring to fulfill in his life its beneficent teachings. As one of the pioneer business men of Everett he has a wide acquaintance and holds a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. PETER HENNING Many lines of activity have benefited by the enterprising spirit and business acumen of Peter Henning, widely known as a railroad contractor, road builder, lumberman, financier and stock raiser. He is one of Stanwood's honored pioneers and a self-made man who has risen to the top through indomitable purpose and the wise utilization of the talents with which nature has endowed him. A native of Sweden, he was born February 13, 1868, and came to the United States when a youth of fifteen. He arrived in Minnesota in July, 1883, and was employed as a farm hand and also on a railroad. In 1888 he journeyed to Washington, spending a year in Seattle, and in 1889 entered a homestead at Stanwood. He proved up on his claim and during that time worked in the lumber camps of the firm of Clemmens & Jones. Mr. Henning afterward sold the land and turned his attention to railroad contracting, a field in which he achieved notable success, and in 1891 he aided in building the Great Northern Railroad. Later he was connected with the logging industry for several years, and in 1898 he went to Alaska and operated a sawmill at Dawson until 1903. He then returned to Stanwood. and in 1907 made another trip to Alaska. In that country he built thirty miles of wagon roads for the United States government and afterward engaged in railroad contracting in British Columbia, Canada. He laid five miles of pavement in the city of Vancouver and constructed a number of interurban roads in the province of British Columbia, and he built fifty-eight miles of road and eight tunnels for the Canadian Northern Railway Company in British Columbia. In 1915 he returned to Stanwood. He has since been president of the State Bank of Stanwood and under his wise guidance the institution has steadily progressed. Mr. Henning is an exceptionally capable executive and his judgment is unerring. He is the owner of a large stock ranch in New Mexico and now has a herd of nine hundred cattle. Opportunity has ever been to him the call to action, and his connection with any undertaking is a guarantee of its success. In 1902 Mr. Henning married Miss Emma Yngve, who died in 1905, and nine years later he wedded Miss Nannie Carlson. Mr. Henning has become the father of four children: Clifford, Margaret, Genevieve and Peter, Jr. He is an influential member of the Swedish Club of Seattle and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He was school director for some time and for five years has served on the board of county commissioners, of which he has been chairman since 1925. He has a high conception of the duties and responsibilities of citizenship and his interest in the public welfare has been manifest in tangible efforts for the general good. A broad-gauged man of strong character, he has stamped the impress of his individuality indelibly upon his work, and his career has been conspicuously useful. JOHN R. HAWKINS John R. Hawkins was long a personality in transportation affairs, and for eighteen years Everett has claimed him as a citizen. He has stimulated its development along several lines and is now a dealer in automobiles. He was born September 21, 1856, in Hannibal, Missouri, and his parents, Jamison Fielding and Sarah Ann (Smith) Hawkins, were natives of Kentucky. They settled in Missouri and in 1849 the father joined the rush of gold seekers to California. He returned to Missouri at the end of a few years and was the builder of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad. serving for many years on its board of directors. He was a steamboat owner and also engaged in merchandising and farming. He was a man of large affairs and never failed to accomplish what he undertook, wielding a potent and beneficial influence. 98 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY John R. Hawkins attended the public schools of his native city and in 1874 was graduated from Hannibal College. He began his business career in the construction department of the Southern Pacific Railroad and showed marked aptitude for the work. He was superintendent of construction for the Mexican International Railway, building the line, and for five years was with that corporation. Later he went to Chester, Illinois, as division superintendent of the Wabash Railroad and filled the position for ten years. On the expiration of that period he entered the service of the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad Company in the capacity of general superintendent and was next superintendent of the Memphis division of the 'Frisco system, with which he was connected for three years. He then accepted the offer of general superintendent, tendered him by the Mobile, Jackson & Kansas City Railroad. He was afterward superintendent of the Beaufort division of the Norfolk & Southern Railroad Company and acted in that capacity for five years. His identification with transportation affairs covered three decades and his ability placed him with the most efficient railroad executives of the country. In 1908 lie came to Everett and soon made his influence felt in business circles of the city, joining A. W. Barber and George A. Brown in organizing the Builders' Supply Company. of which he was treasurer for ten years. He next became president and treasurer of the Everett Fruit Products Company and filled those offices for a year. In November, 1923, Mr. Hawkins purchased the business of the C. V. Allen Motor Company and has since devoted his attention to the automotive trade. He handles the Hudson, Essex and Packard cars and his repair shop is well equipped, turning out first class work. The business is in a prosperous condition and his sales are steadily increasing. In 1900 Mr. Hawkins was married in Detroit, Michigan, to Miss Nellie J. Ford, a daughter of Ira C. Ford, of Fenton, that state. Mr. Hawkins is not hound by party ties, but casts his ballot for the men and measures that he deems will best conserve the public weal. He belongs to the Everett Automobile Club and the Automotive Trades Association. He is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and in Masonry has attained the thirty-second degree. A tireless worker, Mr. Hawkins has made the most of life, discharging every duty and obligation to the best of his ability, and his friends are legion. MICHAEL T. CONOBOY, D. 0. Dr. Michael T. Conoboy has chosen for his life work a field of broad usefulness and enjoys the distinction of being Everett's pioneer osteopathic physician. He was born June 16, 1865, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and his parents were Patrick and Anna (Conroy) Conoboy, the former a stone mason. He received a public school education and afterward enrolled as a student at the Northern Institute of Osteopathy, from which lie was graduated in June, 1900. He then came to Everett and for twenty-five years has practiced continuously in Everett. Time has ripened his ability and a large list of patients in indicative of his professional prestige. He has a comprehensive understanding of the scientific principles underlying his work and inspires confidence in those to whom he ministers, effecting many cures. In 1904 Dr. Conoboy was united in marriage to Miss Jessie Mix, at one time a resident of Moscow, Idaho. The Doctor is an adherent of the democratic party and his fraternal connections are with the Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has a wide acquaintance, and a genial, sympathetic nature and pleasing personality have won him a secure place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. CLAUDE MORGAN Claude Morgan, a general merchant, is engaged in business at Granite Falls. In both the paternal and maternal lines he is a representative of pioneer families of this state. A son of Charles and Clara (Neimeyer) Morgan, he was horn in 1889 and is a native of Snohomish, Washington. Charles Morgan was a son of H. D. Morgan, who went to California in an early day, and in the '70s came to Washington. He located in Olympia and afterward started the old mill at Snohomish. Charles Neimeyer, the grandfather in the maternal line, also came to Snohomish county, taking up a homestead near Machias, and was numbered among the first settlers in that district. After the death of Charles Morgan his widow remarried, becoming the wife of Harvey James, and is now a resident of Snohomish. Claude Morgan was educated in his native town and after the completion of his high school course secured a position in one of the stores at Snohomish. He was afterward connected HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 99 with mercantile affairs at Lake Stevens and in 1921 came to Granite Falls, purchasing the business of the Farmers Produce Union. He erected a new building, in which he conducts a general store, handling hardware, groceries, flour and feed. He has initiative, foresight and good judgment and enjoys a liberal patronage. An enterprising merchant, he follows up-to-date methods in the management of his business, and his honesty is above question. Mr. Morgan was united in marriage to Miss Martha Eggert, a sister of Max W. Eggert, of Lake Stevens, Washington, and a daughter of Ernest and Augusta (Rhodes) Eggert, the former a prominent business man of Getchell. Mr. Morgan belongs to the Snohomish County Fair Association, of which he is vice president, and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is an adherent of the republican party and has been a member of the town council. He is ever ready to serve his community when needed and typifies in his life the progressive spirit of the west. FRANK E. BABCOCK Frank E. Babcock is one of the successful realtors of Everett, and represents a family whose members have done much important work as city builders. He was born April 26, 1884, in Osborne county, Kansas, and was a child of five when his parents, John M. and Fynett E. (House) Babcock, made the journey to Washington. They lived for seven years on Whidby island, and in 1896 the father opened a real estate office in Everett. He was a pioneer in this field, and in development projects he not only studied existing needs and conditions, but also looked beyond the exigencies of the moment to the requirements and possibilities of the future. His advice was often sought when important realty deals were pending and his word was always to be relied upon. He remained at the head of the business until his demise in 1912. His widow is still a resident of the city. Frank E. Babcock completed a course in the Everett high school and afterward entered the engineering department of the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1909. He followed that profession in Seattle for three years and at the time of his father's death returned to Everett. He has since been engaged in the real estate business and also deals in loans and insurance. Mr. Babcock has an intimate knowledge of the worth of all property in the city and is considered an expert valuator. He has established a large clientele and in the conduct of his affairs has worked toward making Everett a more attractive and desirable place of residence. In 1918 Mr. Babcock was united in marriage to Miss Katherine Richter, of Everett, and both are prominent in the social life of the city. Mr. Babcock is a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity of Seattle and his political views are in accord with the principles of the republican party. He is a capable business man, as well as a loyal citizen, and his record sustains the high reputation that has ever been borne by the family. EUGENE W. KLEIN Eugene W. Klein, a successful attorney, is engaged in general practice at Snohomish, of which he was 'formerly city attorney, and both the profession and the public speak of him in terms of high regard. He was born September 21, 1878, in Ragersville, Ohio, and was about three years old when his parents, Jacob and Katherine (Buhl) Klein, migrated to Illinois. They afterward went to South Dakota and in 1904 came to the state of Washington. They settled in Charleston and later moved to Auburn, where both passed away. Eugene W. Klein supplemented his public school course by study in the University of South Dakota and was graduated with the class of 1905, winning the degree of LL. B. After his admission to the bar he located at Arlington, South Dakota, where he followed his profession for four years, and in 1909 came to Washington, becoming a member of the Everett bar. He was a resident of that city for two years and in June, 1911, opened an office in Snohomish, where he has since made his home. He is well grounded in those elementary principles which constitute the basis of all legal science, and a liberal clientele is indicative of the confidence reposed in his ability. He acts as city attorney of Monroe and is serving as secretary-treasurer of the Snohomish Valley National Farm Loan Association. In 1914 Mr. Klein was united in marriage to Miss Lura Bessie Byers, of Des Moines, Iowa, and they now have two sons, John W. and Max B. Mr. Klein is a Mason and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Knights of Pythias. He is allied with 100 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the republican party and served for several terms as city attorney of Snohomish, creditably discharging the duties of the office. He is a member of the County and American Bar Associations and is a broad-minded, public-spirited citizen whose influence is at all times on the side of progress, reform and improvement. JUD. A. NORWAY Men of efficiency and high character are the type of workers the business and industrial worlds of today are eagerly seeking, and Jud. A. Norway, one of the officials of the First National Bank of Everett, fully measures up to these requirements. He was born in Merrill, Wisconsin, in 1884, and is a son of Charles A. and Frances (Kimball) Norway. His father came to Everett in 1895 and entered the lumber and logging business with the Pendleton-Gilkey Company. J. A. Norway supplemented his high school education by a course in a business college and was sixteen years of age when the family home was established in Everett. He worked for one and a half years for a government engineer who was building the harbor at that time and then obtained a position in the American National Bank, in which he was employed for three years. He next entered the First National Bank of Everett, and his ability soon won recognition. He was made cashier of the bank in 1921, and in the following year was elected a member of the board of directors. With keen insight into the complex details of modern finance, he has worked earnestly and effectively to promote the interests of the institution, and he is also serving as a director of the First National Bank of Monroe. In 1910 Mr. Norway married Miss Elizabeth Garthley, of Everett, and the children of this union are David C. and William J. Mr. Norway votes the republican ticket, but is not active in politics. He belongs to the Lions and Country Clubs and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is one of the directors of the Chamber of Commerce and a booster of the city, whose welfare and progress are matters in which he takes intense interest. His financial activities have brought him a wide acquaintance, and an engaging personality, combined with depth of character, have enabled him to win and retain many sincere friends. ADOLPH F. LIDREN Adolph F. Lidren, who was one of the gallant officers of the American Expeditionary Force, is now engaged in the insurance business in Everett, and he comes of sturdy pioneer stock, representing a family that was established in Washington a half century ago. He was born November 30, 1893, in Tacoma, and his parents were Gustave and Ida ( Johnson) Lidren. The latter was born in Stockholm, Sweden, and became a resident of Tacoma in 1881. The father was a native of Paris, France, and came to Washington in 1876, locating in Tacoma, where his marriage occurred. He was the owner of a sawmill and for a time was engaged in the manufacture of shingles in Everett. Alert, industrious and enterprising, he succeeded in his undertakings and was a business man of high standing. He was called to his final rest in 1906. His widow resides in Tacoma. Adolph F. Lidren attended the public schools of his native city and in 1912 was graduated from the University of Puget Sound. In 1908, when but fifteen years of age, he had joined the Washington National Guard and was a member of that body until 1914. In 1917 Major Carroll, of Seattle, organized the One Hundred and Sixty-third Field Hospital unit and Mr. Lidren enlisted. He went to France as a sergeant in the fall of 1917 and participated in the Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne campaigns, the most notable engagements of the World war. He displayed high courage on the field of battle, and he was wounded while in service. He was sent to Germany with the Army of Occupation, and spent six months on the Rhine. In 1919 he returned to the United States and was mustered out with the rank of first lieutenant in the sanitary corps. In Seattle he entered the employ of the Automobile Owners Inter Insurance Association and was there employed as office manager, also having charge of outside agencies. He was appointed manager of the Everett branch in 1924, and the marked increase in the local business of the Association during the intervening period is conclusive proof of the wisdom of the selection. He has made a close study of this phase of insurance and has a thorough understanding of the art of salesmanship. On July 1, 1926, a partnership HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 101 was formed between himself and Otto C. Freese, to handle all forms of general insurance, Mr. Lidren acting as general manager, with offices in the Hodges building. On September 20, 1919, Mr. Lidren was united in marriage to Miss Beatrice Wilson, of Tacoma, and they have a daughter, Susanne, born April 29, 1921. In politics Mr. Lidren is nonpartisan, relying upon his own judgment as to the qualifications of a candidate, and he champions every measure of reform, progress and improvement. He is serving as secretary of the Lions Club of Everett and is also a member of the Young Men's Christian Association, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion. Stable in character, quick of perception and earnest of purpose, he has steadily advanced toward the goal of success, and his many good qualities have drawn to him a large circle of true friends. CLAUDE E. CHANDLER, M. D. Dr. Claude E. Chandler, an able representative of the medical profession at Mukilteo, where he has been actively engaged in practice since 1910, has also conducted a drug store in the town during the past sixteen years. His birth occurred in Bollinger county, Missouri, in 1883, his parents being Dr. H. S. and Sarah E. (Whitner) Chandler, also natives of that state. The father, who was a physician and surgeon, has passed away, but the mother still survives and is now a resident of Edmonds, Washington. Claude E. Chandler accompanied his parents on their removal to Woodward, Oklahoma, in 1894, when a lad of eleven years, and there acquired a public school education. His professional training was received in the medical department of the University of Oregon at Portland, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1908. Following a period spent as interne in Salem Hospital he opened an office for practice at Thorp, Washington, where he remained for two years. At the end of that time he removed to Mukilteo, where he has continued to the present date and has built up a practice of gratifying proportions as the result of his pronounced skill and ability in the field of his chosen calling. He belongs to both the Snohomish County Medical Society and the Washington State Medical Society and is a fellow of the American Medical Association. On his arrival at Mukilteo he opened a drug store in the town which he has conducted very successfully through the intervening years to the present, carrying a large and well selected line of drugs and druggists' sundries. In 1910 Dr. Chandler was married to Miss Carrol Smith, of Mukilteo, daughter of N. J. Smith, a pioneer merchant. They are the parents of two children, Claude E. and Monica, who are thirteen and eleven years of age, respectively. Dr. Chandler gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is a stalwart champion of the cause of education, having served for fourteen years as a trustee of school district No. 6. He has membership in the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and he possesses personal characteristics which have won him many warm friends. His life is devoted to professional interests and he maintains the highest ethical standards in his practice. OTTO C. FREESE Forceful, energetic and determined, Otto C. Freese has steadily mounted the steep ladder which leads to success and is now classed with Everett's substantial business men. A son of Christian and Anna Freese, he was born August 1, 1880, and is a native of Benton county, Iowa. His father, who was a dealer in meat, remained in Iowa until his demise. In 1916 the mother came to Everett and here spent the remainder of her life, passing away in 1918. Otto C. Freese was educated in the public schools of Iowa, and his first position was that of clerk. He worked for some time in general stores and then became a traveling salesman, representing one of the large wholesale grocery houses of Chicago. He afterward engaged in the meat business in the middle west and on September 25, 1908, he removed to Everett and engaged in the meat business for fourteen months. A few months later he accepted a position with the Imperial Tea Company and remained with that firm for two years. On April 3, 1911, he entered the employ of the Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Company, and his keen mind enabled him readily to grasp the details of the business. As he acquired experience he was steadily advanced and on July 5, 1916, was appointed general agent for Snohomish and Skagit counties, with offices in the Hodges building in Everett. He directs the activities of twelve subordinates, and under his expert management the business of the corporation in this 1(12 _HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY territory has rapidly expanded. On July 1, 1926, he became interested in the A. F. Lidren Insurance Company, carrying on a general insurance business in the Hodges building. In 1902 Mr. Freese was united in marriage to Miss Capitola Davis. of Iowa, and they have become the parents of two children : Rex C., who is living in Seattle ; and Madeline, who is attending the State Normal School at Bellingham. Mr. Freese casts his ballot for the candidates and measures of the republican party, but has never been active in politics. He is a member of the Lions Club and his fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a business man of high standing and his personal qualities are such as make for popularity. ALBERT P. DURYEE, M. D. Dr. Albert P. Duryee, who represents a prominent family of Everett, has been engaged in general practice in this city for nearly twenty years and is one of the foremost physicians of Snohomish county. A native of the south, he was born in Falls Church, Fairfax county, Virginia, March 8, 1879, and his parents, Schuyler and Margaret Ann (Devoe) Duryee, were members of eastern families. The mother was a native of Warren, Herkimer county, New York, and the father's birth occurred in Bayonne, New Jersey. He was educated in the Empire state and served for eight years as chief clerk of the United States patent office. He came to Washington in 1891 as manager of the Everett Land Company, with which he was connected until 1897, when he went to Nevada, and for two years filled a similar position with the Gold Creek Township Company. He practiced law in San Francisco, California, from 1899 until 1906 and then returned to Everett. He was associated with his son, Daniel A. Duryee, in the real estate and insurance business for a number of years and then resumed his professional activities, practicing in Everett until his demise on December 16, 1922. The mother passed away June 4, 1925. Mr. Duryee was identified with the Knights of Pythias and gave his political support to the republican party. He figured conspicuously in public affairs and was at one time a candidate for the office of United States senator. Dr. Duryee was a boy of twelve when the family came to the Pacific northwest, and his studies were continued in the public schools of Everett. During 1896-97 lie attended the University of Washington and later entered the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1904. He served as an interne in the Brockton Relief Hospital for a year and a half. He practiced in Massachusetts from February, 1905, until June, 190(), and then returned to Everett, where he has since maintained an office. The Docor is now serving as president of the medical staff of the General Hospital. He was city health officer from 1907 until 1911 under Mayor Jones and Colonel Hartley and rendered valuable service to Everett in that connection. Prompted by the spirit of patriotism, Dr. Duryee laid aside his practice in August, 1917, and enlisted in the United States army. He was commissioned a first lieutenant and in January, 1918, was detailed for active duty. He was sent to Fort Worden, Washington, and then to Camp Crane at Allentown, Pennsylvania. He took a special medical course at the Rockefeller Institute under Dr. Dakin and in June, 1918, went overseas. He was with the Italian army until February, 1919, and for several months was commanding officer at Vicenza. He was honorably discharged at Camp Dix, New Jersey, in March, 1919, and at once returned to Everett to resume his professional work. He is well versed in the science of medicine and surgery and has found his military experience of great value. Calm, dignified and well poised, he inspires confidence in those to whom he ministers, and his wide knowledge and marked skill have brought him an extensive practice. In 1909 Dr. Duryee married Miss Alice E. Gardiner, a classmate, who was also graduated from the Everett high school in 1896. Her parents, S. S. and Sarah Josephine (Potter) Gardiner, came to this city in 1893 and her father achieved prominence as an attorney, while he was also selected for judicial honors. Dr. and Mrs. Duryee have two daughters, Alice Josephine and Ethelwynne Gardiner. The Doctor is connected with the American Museum of Natural History, the American Legion, the National Geographic Society and the Young Men's Christian Association. He is a member of the University Club of Seattle, the Washington Automobile Club, the Everett Golf & Country Club and the Lions Club. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and along fraternal lines is identified with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is a Shriner and belongs to the Elks lodge at Everett. He is a member of Nu Sigma Nu, University of Pennsylvania, and was thrice honored with the presidency of the Snohomish County Medical Society, of which he was secretary for four terms. He is also connected with the Washington State Medical Society, the Pacific Northwest and American Medical Associations, the Asso- DR. ALBERT P. DURYEE HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 105 ciation of Military Surgeons and the United States Army Ambulance Service. Dr. Duryee is a deep student and his knowledge and skill are devoted to the service of humanity. His is a symmetrical, well rounded life and the scope of his interests indicates the breadth of his mind and the spirit by which he is animated. A. W. HOOTON A. W. Hooton was born near Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and is a son of W. H. and Sara Hooton, who now reside in Everett. His higher education was received in the State Normal School at Oshkosh, and after his graduation he was engaged in teaching for a short time. Going to Iowa, he became connected with the furniture and hardware business in Burlington and in 1908 located in Everett, Washington. He associated himself with the firm of Smith & Boeshar and after the death of the senior partner, the business was reorganized into the Boeshar-Hooton Furniture Company. Mr. Hooton is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member of the Lions Club and votes for the candidates of the republican party. HON. EDWARD HINKLEY Realizing that hard work is the basis o f all advancement, the Hon. Edward Hinkley has given his best efforts to every task assigned him and his progress has been continuous. He is now serving as postmaster of Snohomish and his identification with this department of the government covers a period of fifteen years. A son of Darwin and Elizabeth Hinkley, he was born in 1885 and is a native of Coudersport, Pennsylvania. His father died in the Keystone state and the mother afterward came to the Pacific coast, establishing her home in Arlington, Washington, where she has lived since 1901. Edward Hinkley attended the public schools of Pennsylvania and completed his studies in the Puget Sound Academy of Washington. He worked for some time in the logging camps of northwestern Washington and afterward enlisted in the United States navy, in which he served for four years. After his discharge he returned to Snohomish and on May 1, 1911, was made a clerk in the post office at that place, of which Arthur M. Blackman then had charge. Mr. Hinkley soon became familiar with the routine work of the office and in 1913 was appointed to the position of assistant postmaster. Recognition of his worth led to his appointment as postmaster, February 24, 1923, but for six months prior to that time he had been acting postmaster, and he has thoroughly demonstrated his qualifications for the office, performing his duties in a highly satisfactory manner. On September 9, 1911, Mr. Hinkley married Nliss Margaret Smith, of Troy, New York, and to this union has been born a son, Edward T., now a high school pupil. Mr. Hinkley is a stanch adherent of the republican party and belongs to the Masons and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Conscientious, efficient and painstaking, he is well worthy of the trust reposed in him, and his personal popularity is attested to by a large circle of steadfast friends. GEORGE A. REID George A. Reid, a young man of energy and determination, has steadily advanced toward the goal of success and ably manages the Arlington business of the Massar Lumber Company. He was born in Kansas, January 25, 1889, and is a son of Charles and Georgia (Miller) Reid. His parents migrated to Washington in 1889 and established their home in Pullman, where they still reside. Mr. Reid received a public school education, and from the time he entered the business world lie has been connected with the lumber industry, of which he has acquired a detailed knowledge. For some time he was in the employ of the Standard Lumber Company of Spokane, Washington, and acted as manager of their branch at Genesee, Idaho. In 1918 he came to Arlington, Washington, and opened the yard now controlled by the Massar Lumber Company. It was formed in May, 1923, and took over the business of the Clear Lake Lumber Company, which was organized in June, 1918. The firm handles lumber, building material, coal and wood and maintains yards at Arlington, Burlington, Edison, Sedro Woolley and Mount Vernon, Washington. The main offices of the company are located at the last named place and the business is owned by John Massar, of Mount Vernon, and his three sons, Wil- 106 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY liam, Fred and Edward. Mr. Reid is one of the most capable representatives of the firm and under his expert management the business at Arlington has enjoyed a rapid growth. On May 26, 1912, Mr. Reid married Miss Edith Payton, of Albion, Washington, and the children of this union are Payton and Billie. Mr. Reid is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Commercial Club. He is a republican in his political views and has served on the town council of Arlington. He occupies an enviable position in local business circles and in all matters of citizenship is loyal, progressive and public-spirited. CHARLES D. HESTER, D. D. S. Dr. Charles D. Hester has spent the greater portion of his life in Everett, and his ability has placed him with the city's leading dentists. He was born in Unionville, Connecticut, in 1884, and was but eight years old when his parents, Charles C. and Esther V. Hester, came to northwestern Washington. They established their home in Everett and the father had charge of the finishing department of the paper mill. He has passed away, but the mother is still a resident of the city. Dr. Hester completed a course in the Everett schools and afterward entered the Northern Pacific Dental College at Portland, Oregon, from which he was graduated in 1915. He returned to Everett and is now conducting a large practice. His mechanical skill and ingenuity are supplemented by broad scientific knowledge, and that he is a progressive exponent of his profession is indicated by his well equipped office. In 1906 Dr. Hester was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Lindblad, of Everett, and they have two daughters : Evelyn G. and Phyllis A. Dr. Hester is a Kiwanian and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World. He has served as president and secretary of the Snohomish County Dental Society and is also a member of the Washington State Dental Society. Dr. Hester enjoys the esteem of many friends and his professional standing is indicated by the offices which he has filled. FRED C. SCHOCH A familiar and influential name in business circles in Everett is that of Fred C. Schoch, who is looked upon as a distinct asset to the community. He has filled a large place in the affairs of this city and as an energetic, farsighted man, whose judgment and discretion are highly valued by his business associates, he has earned an enviable reputation. Mr. Schoch was born in Elkader, Iowa, on the 13th of September, 1877, and is a son of Charles and and Fredreka (Sucko) Schoch, who came to Iowa with their respective families in an early day, their marriage occurring in that state September 6, 1875. The father was a blacksmith by vocation, and his death occurred in 1915. His wife passed away January 2, 1909. Our subject attended the public schools of his native ,town and then learned the plumbing trade. In 1901 he came to Everett, where he followed that trade until 1906, when he went to Sedro Woolley, Skagit county, and there established his own shop, which he ran for six years. He also was engaged in the life insurance business there for a short time and in 1912 returned to Everett and engaged in that business here, which he has continued with marked success to the present time, being district agent for the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, his territory embracing three counties. He has devoted himself closely to his business and has achieved a splendid record. Mr. Schoch is a director of the Security National Bank. In March, 1905, Mr. Schoch was united in marriage to Miss Kathryn Monlux, of Iowa, and they are the parents of four children : Mildred, Marion, Clifton and Kathryn. Fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club, the Everett Country Club and the Cascade Club. He is a past president of the Port of Everett and is a director and acting chairman of the Washington Automobile Cub. Politically he has been a li felong supporter of the republican party. In his earl• days Mr. Schoch was a professional ball player, having pitched for eastern college teams and having gained an enviable reputation while pitching for the Seattle team of the Coast League. Personally he is quiet and unassuming, but he possesses a strong individuality HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 107 which impresses all with whom he comes in contact. A man of strong and alert mentality, mature and deliberate judgment and keen discrimination, he has been a potent factor in all circles with which he has been identified and throughout the range of his acquaintance is held in the highest regard. W. D. WRIGHT Entering upon his business career at an early age, W. D. 'Wright has rapidly ascended the steep ladder which leads to success, and as manager of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association he is widely and favorably known throughout northwestern Washington. He was born in Carpentersville, Illinois, October 7, 1884, and is a son of L. D. and Ida (Harvey) Wright. His father was head machinist for Borden's Condensed Milk Company for thirty-seven years and in recompense for long, faithful and efficient service has been pensioned by the corporation. W. D. Wright attended the public schools of Illinois and at the age of sixteen years became an employe of the Borden Condensed Milk Company. Ht remained with that firm for several years and in 1913 came to the state of Washington. He was engaged in dairy work in Skagit county for seven years and since 1920 has been manager of the local plant of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. His expert knowledge of the industry is supplemented by executive force and good judgment and his work has been highly satisfactory. In 1906 Mr. Wright married Miss Olga Larsen, also of Carpentersville, Illinois, and to this union has been born a daughter, Margaret, now twelve years of age. They also have two adopted children, Jennie and Jack, aged respectively seven and six years, who were left orphans by the death of their mother, a sister of Mrs. Wright. In politics Mr. Wright maintains an independent attitude, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of first importance, and in all matters of citizenship he is loyal and public-spirited. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is devoted to the interests in his charge and his genuine worth has established him high in public regard. CHARLES W. SEXTON The city of Everett was honored by the citizenship of the late Charles W. Sexton, whose strength of character, progressive spirit and business enterprise made him a man of marked influence and prominence. During the years of his residence here he contributed in a very substantial way to the material growth and prosperity of the city and is thus eminently deserving of a place in her history. Mr. Sexton was born near Buffalo, New York, in 1851, and his death occurred at his home in Everett, January 9, 1920, at the age of sixty-eight years. He was a son of Walter and Anne E. (Eastwood) Sexton, the former of whom followed the vocation of farming and who died when our subject was about nineteen years of age. The mother was a widow at the time of her marriage to Mr. Sexton, her first husband, whose name was Warden, having been killed while serving in the Union army during the Civil war. Charles W. Sexton spent his boyhood on the home farm, and soon after his father's death he went to Buffalo, where he engaged in the coal business, in which he continued only about a year. His sister having married and moved to California, he and his mother then sold the home farm and, in 1871, also moved to the coast, locating in San Francisco. For a while our subject drove a horse street car but later turned his attention to the creamery business in that city, in which line he was successful. Later he sold out and re-bought the establishment three times. In all these transactions he profited financially, as he did also in the conduct of the business, and after selling the business the last time he went to Eugene, Oregon, and bought a stock ranch. There he engaged extensively in the manufacture of cheese for the Portland market and continued that work for about three years. In 1901 he came to Everett and invested in property here. He built the Hotel Sexton, on Broadway, which he rented, and became closely identified in many ways with the building up and improvement of -the city, making a number of good investments in this locality. He bought and sold a good deal of property, being an excellent judge of values, and in the business and real estate circles of this city he was regarded as a man of exceptionally sound judgment and discrimination. In 1902 Mr. Sexton was united in marriage to Miss Martha Kinderman, who was born 108 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in Stattin, Germany, a daughter of August and Emma (Becker) Linderman. She came to the United States with friends about 1893, going to St. Paul, Minnesota, where she remained about nine years. She first served as governess in a doctor's family, teaching the children the German language, and was afterward governess to the children of a banker in that city. Eventually she came to Everett to visit friends, and met and became the wife of Mr. Sexton. To their union were born two children, namely : Dorothy, who is a graduate of the Everett high school ; and Walter Eastwood, who is now employed in Cleaver's dry goods store. Mr. Sexton was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was a republican in his political views. He was a man of well defined opinions on public questions and gave his support to every movement that was calculated to be of benefit to the city or vicinity. Genial and cordial in manner, he was widely known and enjoyed universal confidence and esteem. Mrs. Sexton is a member of the Church of Christ, Scientist. SEABURY J. BROOKS Seabury J. Brooks, a veteran member of the Snohomish county bar, is an attorney of nearly twenty years' standing in Everett and is one of the best known and most influential men in that city. He is a native of the Empire state, a member of one of the old families there, but a resident of Washington by choice and inclination and has never ceased to congratulate himself upon the wisdom of the step he took when as a young lawyer just out of college he came to the coast and cast in his lot with that of other energetic and enterprising young men from the east who at that time were beginning to realize the manifold attractions and the manifest destiny of this favored region. Mr. Brooks was born in the village of Fayette in Seneca county, New York, March 15, 1877, and is a son of William S. and Margaret (Irland) Brooks, the latter of whom is still living, continuing to make her home in that county. Reared in his home county, Seabury T. Brooks was given excellent schooling and early turned his attention to the study of law. Under local preceptorship he was prepared for college and then entered the Law School of Cornell University, from which he was graduated (LL.B.) in June, 1904. Attracted to the opportunities then so distinctly open to young men on the western coast, he wisely determined to establish himself in a comparatively new field rather than in the overcrowded fields of the east and in that same year came to Washington, where he was variously engaged until January 1, 1909, when he opened a law office in Everett where he ever since has been engaged in practice, with present offices in the Colby building. Mr. Brooks is a member of the Snohomish County Bar Association and of the Washington State Bar Association and is widely and well known in his profession throughout the state. He is a republican and has ever given a good citizen's attention to local civic affairs, being a helpful personal factor in the promotion of measures looking to the advancement of the common welfare. During the administration of Mayor Hassell he served the public as local civil service commissioner. On June 30, 1909, in Everett, Mr. Brooks was united in marriage to Miss Ruby E. Bergman, a daughter of the late Henry Bergman, who came with his family to Everett, in 1900, and they have a daughter, Marian Katherine. Mr. and Mrs. Brooks are members of the Protestant Episcopal church and have long been helpful factors in the labors of that parish, Mr. Brooks having served as vestryman for several years and as secretary and treasurer of the parish. They have a pleasant home in Everett and have ever taken an interested and helpful part in the general social and welfare activities of the city and of the community at large. Mr. Brooks stands high in his profession and as a high-minded and dependable lawyer has attained a reputation in professional and civic circles that justly entitles him to the regard in which he is held throughout the section of the state in which he long and honorably has labored. ANDREW LARSON After a life of wide and varied experiences, during which he has been closely identified with the development of Snohomish county, Andrew Larson, who has practically retired from active business affairs, is rendering effective service as deputy sheriff of Snohomish county and commands to a marked degree the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. A native of Wisconsin, he was born in April, 1863, and is a son of Therald and Bertha (Hanson) Larson, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to the United States in 1862 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 109 and settled in Wisconsin, where they lived two years, going from there to Clayton county, Iowa, which was their home for eight years. They next went to Lincoln county, South Dakota, where the father homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, to the cultivation of which he devoted himself for nine years, at the end of which time, in 1883, he sold out and came to .Stanwood, Washington. Locating on the Lower Stillaguamish river, he bought a small tract of land near Florence, to which he later added forty acres, all of which was covered with heavy spruce timber, and here he spent his remaining years. The mother passed away in 1919. To this worthy couple were born twelve children, namely : Mrs. Julia Gedstad, Mrs. Carrie Gedstad, Louis, deceased, Andrew, Henry, Theodore, Mrs. Annie Jeques, Mrs. Tillie Qualley, deceased, Mrs. Josephine Hals, deceased, and three who died in infancy. Andrew Larson received his educational training in the public schools of South Dakota and as soon as he was old enough took charge of his father's farm there. The latter was a well educated man and served there as a school teacher, and also for several years was connected with the county auditor's office at Canton, South Dakota. Our subject accompanied his parents to Washington in 1883, and during the first summer a fter his arrival here he worked as a teamster in Seattle. He then came to Stanwood and helped his father clear up the land which he had bought. In 1887 he purchased a tract of land near Florence, cleared off part of it and then sold it. He next turned his attention to logging, which line of work he followed for several years, and in the spring of 1899 went to Alaska and worked in the placer mines for two years. He was rewarded with a fair measure of success and in 1901 returned to Stanwood and built a livery stable, which lie ran for twelve years, and also carried the mail from Florence to Stanwood. In 1913 he sold out there and is now living practically retired, enjoying the fruits of his former years of activity. He was recently appointed and is now serving as deputy sheriff of Snohomish county. In February, 1887, Mr. Larson was married to Miss Betsy Qualley, who was born and reared in Iowa, a daughter of Ole and Osa Qualley, both of whom were natives of Norway. Mrs. Larson died June 10, 1908. To them were born seven children, namely : Oscar, Mrs. Bertha Thurmond, Mrs. Lulu Satra, Mrs. Emilia Christensen, Chester, Clarence and Mrs. Grace Peterson. Mr. Larson is a member of Everett Lodge No. 13, Fraternal Order of Eagles, and Stanwood Lodge, Sons of Norway. He has long been interested in local public affairs and has served for four years as marshal of East Stanwood. He is a man of honest purpose and his life has been marked by earnest and persistent endeavor along right lines. A. BRINK It is a well authenticated fact that success comes as a result of legitimate and well applied energy, unflagging determination and perseverance in a course of action along definite lines. In tracing the biography of the representative farmer and influential citizen whose name introduces this sketch, it is plainly seen that the prosperity which lie enjoys has been won by these commendable qualities and that it is his personal worth that has gained for him the high esteem in which he is held throughout his community. A native of Michigan, his birth occurred in 1871, and he is a son of W. F. and Martha (Brown) Brink, the latter of whom was also a native of Michigan, of which state her family were pioneers. The father was born and reared in New Jersey, was a farmer by vocation and became an early settler in Michigan, where he spent the remaining years of his life. A. Brink attended the public schools of his home neighborhood, but at an early age he left home to make his own way in the world. He was employed as a clerk in a store and also worked at various other employments until 1904, when he came to Seattle, Washington. In the following year he came to the locality where he now lives and settled on five acres of land which he bought, and which was uncleared and lacking any improvements. At that time a rough "skid" road was the only highway to his place and the neighborhood was very sparsely settled. The work of clearing the tract and erecting farm buildings occupied his attention and energies for a number of years, and he then sold the place and moved to Everett, where he remained about a year. In 1920 Mr. Brink bought his present place, -near Everett and opened a store, in the operation of which he has met with well merited success. He carries a large and complete line of such groceries and similar goods as are required by the local trade, and also has a gas and oil station. He showed good judgment when he embarked in this enterprise, for he has prospered and is now very comfortably situated, with a large and steadily increasing patronage. In 1893, in Michigan, Mr. Brink was married to Miss Cecilia Dyer, who is a native of Ohio and a daughter of G. S. and Margaret (Allen) Dyer, both of whom were natives of 110 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Scotland, in which country they were reared and married, coming to the United States in 1870. To Mr. and Mrs. Brink have been born four children : Mrs. Margaret Wangsness, of Everett, is the mother of two children, Arthur and Margery ; Ralph O., of Pinehurst, this county, is married and has a daughter, Alta Delle. He is a veteran of the World war, having served in the United States Marines, with which he took part in the historic fight at Chateau Thierry, as well as other important engagements of that war, having spent two years in the service. He was gassed and spent six months in a hospital, and later was in Germany with the Army of Occupation. Harold, of Everett, is married and has a daughter, Viola. Dorothy remains at home. Fraternally Mr. Brink is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, belonging to the lodge at Grayling, Michigan. He has been an industrious and hard working man and has applied himself indefatigably to the improvement of his property and the building up of his business, so that the success which is attending his efforts has been well deserved. During the years from 1906 to 1911, Mr. Brink was employed as top foreman at a coal mine east of Centralia. He has been faithful in the discharge of all duties incumbent on him and has given proper attention to the public affairs of his community, supporting all measures for the advancement of the public good. WALTER B. \' ARMY, D. D. S. The work of the dentist is essential to the health of a community and through his ability in this profession Dr. Walter B. Varey is rendering valuable service to the citizens of Everett. He was born June 13, 1890, and is a native of Lyons, Michigan. He prepared for his chosen vocation in the College of Physicians & Surgeons at San Francisco, California, and was graduated with the class of 1919. Coming to Everett, he located in the Medical-Dental building, and in the intervening period has established a large practice. He possesses the mechanical skill and ingenuity so necessary to the successful dentist and his office is well equipped. Dr. Varey was united in marriage to Miss Vida B. Van Syckle, by whom he has two children, Phyllis and Edmond. The Doctor is an adherent of the republican party and takes the interest of a good citizen in public affairs. He belongs to the Lions Club and along fraternal lines is connected with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Dental Societies and occupies a high place in the esteem of his professional colleagues and the general public as well. WINFIELD S. GAMBLE In an enumeration of the specific forces that have contributed to the upbuilding of northwestern Washington, mention must be made of the Snohomish Iron Works, of which Winfield S. Gamble is the executive head. He started at the bottom of the ladder and owes his rise in the business world to the choice of a congenial line of work, devotion to duty and concentrated effort. He is a native of St. Lawrence county, New York, and was born January 4, 1863. His parents, Henry and Maria (Pond) Gamble, migrated to the west in 1884, and the father entered a homestead in North Dakota. For several years he followed the occupation of farming in that state and after his retirement came to Snohomish, Washington, where he spent the remainder of his life. Winfield S. Gamble attended the public schools of his native state and during his youth learned the machinist's trade. He went to North Dakota in 1889, spending a few years in that state, and next located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he followed his trade until 1899. He then came to Washington and for five years was a resident of Seattle. In the fall of 1904 he obtained a position in the Snohomish Iron Works and later bought the controlling interest in the business, of which he is now president and manager. He operates a foundry and machine shop, employing about twenty-five men, and makes logging equipment and machinery for mills. An expert machinist, he ably supervises the labors of those in his service and never allows an imperfect piece of work to leave the shop. He is a tireless worker and has infused new life into the business, which is rapidly expanding, selling his output to many of the large lumber corporations of the northwest. In 1888 Mr. Gamble married Miss Annie Sorenson, who died in 1900. She had become the mother of four children : Maude, who has passed away; Roy, a resident of California; Fred, deceased ; and Elizabeth, the wife of F. R. Cutter, of Snohomish. Mr. Gamble subse- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 111 quently married Miss Gernie Spalding, of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and they became the parents of six children, but Henry, the firstborn, is deceased. The others are : Winfield Scott, who has reached the age of twenty-one years and is associated with his father in business ; Mary, who is a graduate of the Snohomish high school and lives at home ; Harold and Paul, who are attending high school ; and Robert Burns, a grammar school pupil. Mr. Gamble is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He follows an independent course in politics and is liberal and broadminded in his views on all subjects. Concentrating his resources upon the attainment of a definite end, he has always employed honorable methods and merits and receives the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. LOUIS A. MERRICK Natural predilection and inherited tendency inclined Louis A. Merrick toward the legal profession and for a quarter of a century Everett has numbered him among its leading attorneys. He was born September 26, 1859, in Springfield, Massachusetts, and his parents were Ambrose N. and Sarah B. (Warriner) Merrick. His father was a successful lawyer and in 1867 migrated to the Pacific coast, settling in California. In 1870 he left the Golden state and established his home in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he spent the remainder of his life, passing away in 1901. The mother's demise occurred in Everett. After the completion of his high school course Louis A. Merrick matriculated in Carleton College at Northfield, Minnesota, and later entered the St. Louis Law School, which he attended for a year. He continued 'his studies under the direction of his father and in 1882 was admitted to the bar. He remained in Minnesota until his father's death and then came to northwestern Washington, locating in Everett, where he has since practiced. Experience and study have ripened his ability, and a large and lucrative clientele is indicative of his professional prestige. He is clear and concise in his presentation of a case and logical in his deductions. In May, 1892, while a resident of Minnesota, Mr. Merrick was united in marriage to Miss Violet Heath, by whom he has three sons : Evoy N., who is living at home ; Ambrose B., also of Everett ; and F. F., a resident of Bellingham, Washington. Mr. Merrick served for two years as referee in bankruptcy and discharged his duties with thoroughness and efficiency. He gives his political support to the democratic party, whose platform and principles appeal to him as the best form of government for the majority. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Bar Associations and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is keenly interested in the affairs of that organization and served as exalted ruler of Minneapolis Lodge, No. 44, of which he was the first charter member. Mr. Merrick is in hearty sympathy with every project for Everett's growth and improvement, and an upright, useful life has won him the respect, confidence and esteem of his fellowmen. FRANK R. MILLER, M. D. Actuated by high ideals of service, Dr. Frank R. Miller has steadily advanced in the medical profession, and the consensus of public opinion names him with Everett's leading physicians. He was born in Beardstown, Illinois, in 1872, and his parents were Edmond Pendleton and Catherine Matilda (Wright) Miller. His father was a Kentuckian and the mother was born in Missouri. They were pioneer settlers of Illinois, and the father devoted his energies to the cultivation of the soil, bringing his land to a high state of development. Dr. Miller was reared on the home farm and attended the public schools of Beardstown. He afterward entered the medical school of Northwestern University and was graduated with the class of 1900. He chose Canton, Illinois, as the scene of his professional labors and there resided for five years. Coming to Washington, he located in Everett in 1906 and in the intervening period to the present has established an enviable record as a physician and surgeon. He enjoys a large practice and is conscientious in the performance of his professional duties, never neglecting a patient. He utilizes the most effective remedial agents and has been very successful in his efforts to combat disease. In 1906 Dr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Clara Margaret Wright, of Canton, Illinois, and theirs is one of Everett's attractive and hospitable homes. The Doctor is a republican but has never entered the political arena. Along fraternal lines he is connected 112 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He keeps in close touch with the scientific progress of his profession through constant study and also through his affiliation with the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. He has made his home in Everett for twenty years and enjoys the unqualified esteem of his fellow citizens. ARTHUR WILSON Arthur Wilson, an educationist of broad experience and statewide reputation, is superintendent of the schools of Everett and for six years has held this responsible position, giving to the city the services of an expert. He was born in Linn county, Iowa, and his parents were Arthur H. and Mary (Green) Wilson. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm and after the completion of his high school course he entered Cornell College of Iowa, from which he was graduated in 1893. He afterward taught school in Iowa and Nebraska and in 1907 came to Washington. He was principal of the high school at Aberdeen for some time and was next made superintendent of the city schools. He filled that position for six years and in 1914 went to Seattle as supervisor of a night school. His pronounced ability led to his selection for the important post of assistant to the state superintendent of schools and for five years he acted in that capacity. Since July, 1920, he has been superintendent of the Everett schools, which have made notable progress under his wise administration. In order to perfect himself in his chosen vocation Mr. Wilson attended the summer schools of the University of California, which in 1922 conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. He has instituted many improvements and inspires both teachers and pupils with much of his own zeal and enthusiasm for the work. During the scholastic year of 1919-1920 one hundred and ninety teachers were employed in the Everett schools and Mr. Wilson is now directing the activities of two hundred and eight instructors. Of this number fifty are employed in the senior high school, thirty-six in the junior high school, and the remainder in the grammar schools. Five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-seven pupils were enrolled in 1919-1920 and seven thousand and sixty-eight in 1924-1925. The total millage levy for the support of the Everett school district—state, county and district, exclusive of bond millage for 1920-1921, was twenty-six and two-tenths mills. For the year 1924-1925 the total was twenty-one and five-tenths mills, which is a decrease of seventeen and ninety-four hundredths per cent in the total millage for the support of the schools. While this decrease in millage has taken place the district valuation in the same five year period has increased but five per cent and the average daily attendance his increased twenty-eight per cent. In 1896 Mr. Wilson married Miss Sarah C. Durno, of Springville, Iowa, and they have become the parents of two sons, but Harmon is deceased. Edwin, the firstborn, received a liberal education. He is a graduate of the Universities of Washington and California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a successful chemical engineer and is prominent in manufacturing circles of Everett. Mr. Wilson belongs to the local Rotary and Country Clubs and along fraternal lines is connected with the Masonic order. He is a member of the State and National Education Associations and his political support is given to the reptiblican party. He is actuated by high ideals of service and keeps in close touch with the most advanced thought of the day in regard to the control and management of public schools. OTTO J. LIEN Otto J. Lien, a member of one of the old and prominent families of Stanwood, is at the head of a large canning industry and also figures conspicuously in navigation circles of the Puget Sound country. He was born in North Dakota in 1878 and was a boy of eleven years when his parents, N. M. and Kriste Lien, migrated to northwestern Washington. His father purchased a tract of land in the vicinity of Stanwood and here spent the remainder of his life, developing a fine farm. Death summoned him in 1918, and the mother passed away in 1921. In their family were fourteen children and all but one reached years of maturity. Otto J. Lien attended the public schools of North Dakota and Washington and after completing his education worked for some time on a steamboat. Subsequently he embarked in business, forming a partnership with his brothers, Conrad and Bernard, and they now own and operate the Imperial and Chickaloom, gasoline tugs, used for towing barges and rafts of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 113 logs and lumber. In 1918 they incorporated the Lien Brothers Packing Company, whose products bear the well known "Rambler- trademark. They employ one hundred and twenty-five persons and their plant now packs forty thousand cases of vegetables per year. Their output is of high grade and commands a wide sale. The subject of this sketch is president of the company, and his executive capacity is augmented by mature judgment and keen powers of discernment. He has instituted many well devised plans for the expansion of the industry and his efforts are ably supplemented by the activities of his brothers, who are also experienced business men of high standing. In 1915 Mr. Lien was married, in Stanwood, to Miss Martha Matthies, a daughter of Gustave and Bertha Matthies, of Mitchell, South Dakota. They migrated to 'Washington in 1889 and located in Seattle. In 1902 they came to Snohomish county and Mr. Matthies was employed as an engineer in sawmills of Stanwood. He responded to the final summons June 11, 1919, living but four days after the death of his wife, to whom he was deeply attached. Mr. Lien casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and is one of the councilmen of East Stanwood. His breadth of view has enabled him to recognize possibilities not only for his own advancement but also for the development of his community, and his loyalty and patriotism have enabled him to utilize the latter as quickly and effectively as the former. REV. FRANCIS JONES Rev. Francis Jones, pastor of the Church of the Immaculate Conception at Everett, is one of the strong individual forces in the spread of the Catholic religion and enjoys the respect and affection of his parishioners. He was born in 1874 and is a native of County Longford, Ireland, and he studied and was ordained to the priesthood in his native country. He came to Washington in 1907 and for some time acted as assistant at St. Leo's church at Tacoma. From that city he went to Walla Walla, becoming assistant of St. Patrick's church. He was appointed pastor of St. Patrick's church at Pasco, Washington in 1911. After three years he was transferred to St. NIary's church at Centralia, Washington, and was there stationed until appointed to Everett in 1923. The Church of the Immaculate Conception was founded in 1904, and Rev. P. H. Sandon, its first pastor, served until July, 1923, when he was succeeded by Father Jones, who in 1924 built a new school. The building is thoroughly modern and contains ten class rooms, a good library, and a room provided with the necessary equipment for instruction in chemistry. There is a manual training department, and the children are also under the care of a physical director. Two hundred and thirty pupils are attending the school and nine Ursuline nuns supervise their studies. Four services are held on Sundays in the church, which seats five hundred and fifty persons and has a membership of fifteen hundred. Father Jones is the counselor and friend of his people, always ready to assist them in the problems and complexities of life. Under his capable guidance the influence of the church is constantly broadening, and his religious instruction has proved a tangible force for good in the community. ANTONE E. AMUNI)SON Antone E. Amundson is widely known as one of the honored citizens of southwestern Snohomish county, where he is actively identified with farming interests. His well directed efforts, his capable management of his business interests and his sound judgment have brought him prosperity, and his life demonstrates in no unmistakable manner what may be accomplished by a man of energy and ambition who is not afraid to work and has the courage to continue his labors even in the face of obstacles. Mr. Amundson was born in Faribault county, Minnesota, in 1864, and is a son of Erick and Agote (Iverson) Amundson, both of whom were natives of Norway, where they were reared and married. In 1848 they came to the United States, locating in Faribault county. Minnesota, where the father homesteaded a tract of land, being a pioneer of that locality, and there he and his wife spent their remaining years. The subject of this sketch was reared on the home farm until the age of twenty-one years and secured his education in the public schools. He then learned the carpenter's trade, and also became familiar with other occupations, including that of butchering. He remained in Minnesota until 1905, when he came to Seattle, Washington, but soon went to Stanwood, where he remained about a year. He then went to Redmond, King county, where he followed the carpenter's trade for four years. In 1910 114 HISTORY OF SNOHOIVIISH COUNTY he came to his present place at Valley View, buying five acres of land, to which he later added twenty-one acres. When he first came here there were no roads in his locality and he was compelled to pack in all of the lumber and other materials for his house. The land had been logged, but was covered with stumps and a dense second growth, which required a vast amount of the hardest sort of labor to remove. He now has about eleven acres of the land cleared and has made many permanent and substantial improvements, creating a splendid farm home, so that he is eery comfortably situated. He has a part of the land in berries, and also keeps a number of cows and a nice run of laying hens. During the greater part of the time that he was clearing the land and improving the property he was also working at his trade, so that those years were indeed strenuous ones for him; but success has smiled on him and he is now enjoying the fruits of his former years of toil. In 1888 Mr. Amundson was married to Miss Martha Roland, who is a native of Iowa and a daughter of Andrew and Ragnald (Orvedal) Roland, both of whom were natives of Norway, coming to this country at the respective ages of eighteen and nine years. They located in Iowa, where they spent the remaining years of their lives. To Mr. and Mrs. Amundson have been born ten children, seven of whom are living, namely : Arthur, who lives near the home place, is married and has three children ; Emil of Everett ; Elmer, of Snohomish, who is married and has an adopted son ; Alfred, who remains at home ; Wilfred, who lives near the home place, is married and has one child ; and Earl and Richard, who remain at home. Three of these sons, Emil, Elmer and Wilfred are veterans of the World war, all having served overseas. Emil was a truck driver, with the rank of sergeant, with an English corps ; Elmer served as cook, and Wilfred also was a truck driver. Another son, Alfred, was in training at Camp Lewis, but was not sent overseas. Mr. Amundson has always taken an active interest in local public affairs, having served for six years as a member of the school board. Fraternally, he is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and while living at Redmond was a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He and his wife also formerly belonged to the Brotherhood of American Yeomen at Everett. His business ability, public spirit and kind and friendly manner have won him sincere regard and esteem. RAYMOND A. QUIGLEY, M. D. The state of Washington has reason to take pride in the personnel of her corps of medical men, and among the distinguished men in this field of endeavor is Dr. Raymond A. Quigley, who has attained a position in the front rank of the skilled and learned physicians and surgeons of this section of the country. What he has done and is doing for his fellowmen and the community in general might, in a manner, be told in words, but its far-reaching influence cannot be measured. Dr. Quigley was born in Natick, Massachusetts, on the 9th of October, 1883, and is a son of John J. and Elizabeth Quigley, the former of whom was long and successfully engaged in the shoe business. The mother is deceased, but the father is still living. Raymond A. Quigley attended the public schools of his native city and then attended the Massachusetts State College, from which lie was graduated in 1904. Having determined to devote his life to the healing art, he then matriculated in the medical department of Harvard University and was graduated, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, in 1908. During the ensuing two years he served as house surgeon in the Boston City Hospital, followed by one year as surgeon at the Haymarket Square Relief Station. In 1911 Dr. Quigley came to Everett and entered upon the general practice of his profession, and he has met with a very gratifying measure of success. An accurate diagnostician, learned in the properties of drugs and possessing rare skill as a surgeon, he has long held a foremost place among the successful doctors of this section. In January, 1925, Dr. Quigley established a clinic, for which purpose he erected a splendid building, especially arranged and adapted to such use, and he has two assistants in this work. The Doctor himself attends to the surgical cases; Dr. Alfred Murphy, of the Mayo clinic, is a specialist in eye, ear, nose and throat diseases, while Dr. J. W. Ebert, formerly of the Mayo Hospital, prescribes internal medicine. This is a particularly strong combination and one which is a direct asset to the city and community. Many marvelous results in the curing of human ailments have been attained, and the reputation of the Quigley clinic is widespread over this section of the coast. In 1914 Dr. Quigley was married to Miss Alice Walsh, of Everett, who is a native of Bellingham, Whatcom county. They are the parents of two children : Catherine, aged ten years ; and Robert, five years old. Dr. Quigley is a member of the Snohomish County Medical Society, the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He also belongs to the Golf and Country Club and the Cascade Club, of Everett, and the Ranier DR. RAYMOND A. QUIGLEY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 117 and Olympic Clubs, of Seattle, while fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus. Politically he gives his support to the republican party, and he takes a good citizen's interest in everything affecting the material, civic or moral interests of his community. A man of broad general culture, a physician of rare attainments and a surgeon of perfected special skill, it has fallen to his lot to bring alleviation of suffering and restoration of health to countless afflicted ones, and his cheerful presence, his kindly humor, his utter freedom from every form of affectation, have endeared him personally in an unusually intimate relation to one of the largest circles of devoted and loyal patients and friends ever possessed by a physician in this city. IRVING M. SMITH, SR. Irving M. Smith, Sr., laid the foundation for a successful career in the rigorous training and healthful work of the farm-bred boy, and as one of the founders and officers of the Washington Stove Company he has contributed his full quota toward Everett's upbuilding along manufacturing lines. He was born in Van Buren county, Michigan, and his parents were Butler and Mary (McNett) Smith. His father is deceased, and the mother resides in Everett. Mr. Smith was reared on the homestead, assisting his father in the cultivation of the soil, and his education was acquired in the public schools of his native state. He decided, however, that the Pacific northwest offered greater opportunities for advancement and in 1903 came to Everett. He aided in establishing the Washington Stove Works and has since been vice president of the firm, in charge of production. He brings to the discharge of his duties executive force as well as technical knowledge and in the operation of the industry has secured maximum efficiency at a minimum expenditure of time, labor and material. The company has a fine plant, located at the intersection of Thirty-fourth and Smith streets, and its output ranks with the best on the market. The firm has a large force of experienced workers and the business is in a prosperous condition. Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Marion Spooner, a native of St. Joseph county, Michigan, and they have become the parents of four children: Pauline, now Mrs. Harold Spidell, of Aberdeen, Washington ; Gretchen, the wife of David M. Hartley, whose father, Roland Hill Hartley, is Washington's governor ; Courtney, a resident of Everett ; and Irving M., Jr., who is attending the University of Idaho. Mr. Smith casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party but is not active in politics. He has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry and since 1885 has been identified with the Knights of Pythias. He is highly esteemed by his business associates and fraternal brethren, and what he has accomplished represents the fit utilization of his innate powers and talents. WASHINGTON STOVE WORKS Everett, growing steadily, has drawn to itself business enterprises of almost every character that figure in the trade relations of the world, and among the city's most important productive industries is that of the Washington Stove Works, with a record of more than a half century of successful operation. The business was founded in 1875 and was conducted at South Haven, Michigan, until 1903, when it was moved to Everett, Washington, becoming an incorporated concern at that time. It was established by William Mackey, Sr.. who was the first president, and his associates in the undertaking were Irving M. Smith, Sr., vice president, and F. C. Mackey, treasurer. They built a modern plant at 3402-22 Smith street and the business has since been conducted at that location. The company manufactures the Olympic brand of stoves, ranges, heaters and furnaces and also makes castings. The work is facilitated by the most improved machinery and the finished products are of high grade, the result of years of constant striving for perfection. The output of the plant is sold to jobbers and dealers and the trade covers the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and Utah, also extending to Alaska. The firm has three traveling salesmen and employs forty-five skilled mechanics. F. C. Mackey was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1868 and reached the age of fifty years, passing away at Everett in 1918. He came to the city in 1903 in company with his father, William Mackey, and Irving M. Smith, Sr., and formulated many well devised plans for the development of the business, doing much to increase the prestige of the firm. He was a sagacious, farsighted business man, actuated at all times by a spirit of progress, and his integrity was above question. 118 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Mackey was married, in Michigan, to Miss Mary Earle, who survives him. They were the parents of five children, but Frederick A., the third in order of birth, is deceased. Earl M., the eldest, was born at South Haven, Michigan, in 1899, and he was graduated from the Everett high school. He is now secretary and treasurer of the Washington Stove Works. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and has held office in the council, and he is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the American Legion and the Foreman's Club, while his political allegiance is given to the republican party. His brother, Robert T., is also a native of South Haven, born in 1900, and likewise completed a course in the Everett high school. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, and he belongs to the Foreman's Club, while his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. The other members of the family are: Mary, at home; and William, aged eleven years. OSCAR E. FRIBERG Oscar E. Friberg is one of the trusted employes of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company and his name has long figured prominently in business circles of Snohomish in connection with transportation affairs. A native of Norway, he was born January 4, 1880, and was but a year old when his parents, F. F. and Eliza M. (Nelson) Friberg, came to the United States, settling at Clear Lake, Wisconsin. In 1901 they migrated to Washington and the father opened a shop in Everett. He was an expert shoemaker and established a large trade. He responded to death's summons in April, 1925, while the mother passed away in August, 1916. Oscar E. Friberg attended the public schools of Wisconsin, and after laying aside his textbooks he became a telegrapher. In April, 1901, he started to work for the Northern Pacific Railroad and in 1903 was made depot agent at Snohomish, where he has since been stationed. He is efficient and dependable and for a quarter of a century has faithfully served this corporation. In 1904 Mr. Friberg married Miss Lillian Booth, of Clear Lake, Wisconsin, and the children of this union are : Fred, who is attending the State College at Pullman, Washington; and Evelyn, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Friberg are connected with the Eastern Star, and in Masonry he has attained the Knight Templar degree. Politically he is not bound by party ties but casts his ballot for those men and measures that he deems will best conserve the public weal. During the period of his residence in Snohomish he has won many friends, ever manifesting a deep and helpful interest in all projects for civic growth and betterment. HERBERT WATSON POLLOCK Alert, enterprising and capable, Herbert Watson Pollock has long been a forceful figure in industrial circles of northwestern Washington, and as manager of the Everett branch of the Tennent Steel Company he is successfully directing important business interests. A son of Robert and Anna (Parker) Pollock, he was horn July 17, 1886, and is a native of Stillwater, Minnesota. His father was a car builder for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company and is now living retired in Everett, but the mother has passed away. H. W. Pollock received a public school education and afterward became a pattern maker. He arrived in Everett in October, 1904, when a young man of eighteen, and for several years followed his trade in this city and in Seattle. He steadily advanced, at length becoming manager of the Everett Pattern Shop, and filled that position for a considerable period. He took charge of the business and remained as manager after it was acquired by the Tennent Steel Casting Company, whose main offices are located in Tacoma. They have a large foundry in that city and also maintain plants in Seattle and Vancouver, Washington. The Everett branch was established in February, 1925. and one of its features is a fine pattern shop. The plant is now producing about forty tons of steel,, castings per month and the output is sold throughout the west. The firm has outdistanced many of its competitors and occupies a position of leadership in the line in which it specializes. The local business is conducted in a substantial brick building seventy-five by one hundred and thirty-five feet in dimensions, and this is generally regarded as the most modern steel foundry north of San Francisco. It furnishes employment to twenty-one persons, all of whom are skilled workers. Mr. Pollock is an expert mechanic with a highly specialized knowledge of the business of which he has made a life study, and has thoroughly demonstrated that lie is the right man for the position. In March, 1908, Mr. Pollock was married, in Everett, to Miss Eva Knight, by whom he has HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 119 three children: Arden, Nadine and Peggy. Mr. Pollock is a Scottish Rite Mason and has attained the fourteenth degree. He is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Improved Order of Red Men, while his political views are in accord with the tenets of the republican party. His life has been one of quiet devotion to duty, and his industry, ability and probity are well known to Everett's business men, who entertain for him high regard. CHARLES F. ELWELL Charles F. Elwell is well known in financial circles of Snohomish county as president of the Monroe National Bank at Monroe, of which institution lie has remained the executive head during the past sixteen years. He is also active in business affairs as a wholesale and retail dealer in meats and has met with well merited success in his various undertakings. His birth occurred at Northfield, Maine, on the 2d of April, 1862. His father, John Elwell, was a native of that state, while his ancestors belonged to the old York colony that came from England at a very early period in the settlement of the new world. John Elwell, the founder of the American branch of the family, participated in the Revolutionary war. John Elwell, father of Charles F. Elwell, was a successful lumberman and became a pioneer settler of Port Gamble, Washington, arriving in 1858. Eighteen months later he returned to Maine, where he resided until 1872, when lie again made his way to the Pacific northwest, settling in Snohomish county. Along the banks of the Snohomish river he engaged in the lumber business with ox teams and was among the pioneers in the development of the lumber trade in that section. In politics he was a stanch republican and his religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church. He was ever loyal to any cause which lie espoused and his many sterling traits of character won him high regard. He passed away in Snohomish in 1887, at the age of fifty-nine years, while his wife died in 1878, at the age of fifty-four. She bore the maiden name of Eliza Crosby and was horn in Maine, coming, however, of English ancestry. By her marriage she had seven sons and four daughters. Charles F. Elwell, the youngest of the sons, pursued his education in the public schools of Snohomish and of Seattle, supplemented by a two years' course in the University of Washington. On attaining his majority he made his initial step in the business world as assistant to his father, then a well known lumberman, and upon his father's death inherited his holdings. Not long afterward he turned his attention to stock raising and began the sale of thoroughbred cattle, in addition to which he carried on general farming, being thus identified with farming and stock raising interests in Snohomish county for eleven years. He also became a factor in commercial circles as a wholesale and retail dealer in meats, and in that line he has actively and successfully continued since 1900. He is likewise president of the Monroe National Bank, having been called to that office of trust and responsibility in 1910. His fellow townsmen regard him as a most reliable, enterprising and progressive business man and one whose efforts are productive of beneficial and far-reaching results. In Snohomish, on the 26th of March, 1889, Mr. Elwell was married to Miss Sophie Roessel, a native of Minnesota and a daughter of George N. and Louise (Schattner) Roessel, both now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Elwell became the parents of three daughters and a son, as follows: June A., who was born at Snoqualmie, Washington, June 13, 1891, and who is the wife of A. D. Bevins of Beverly Park, this county ; Blanche, whose birth occurred in Snohomish on the 21st of January, 1894, and who passed away September 2, 1897 ; Earl M., born in Snohomish, September 4, 1895, who married Elsie France and is now manager of his father's meat market at Monroe ; and Celeste, who was born in Monroe on the 29th of July, 1902, and is now the wife of Harold Anderson of Everett, Washington. Mr. Elwell is a republican in politics and is a public-spirited citizen who manifests an active and helpful interest in matters pertaining to the general welfare. He has served as a member of the city council for many terms, remaining in that office from the organization of the city until 1915. A stalwart champion of the cause of education, he has rendered effective service in its behalf as a member of the school board during the past twenty years. He has ever taken a deep and helpful interest in affairs relating to the upbuilding of his town and is an active member of the Monroe Commercial Club. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, while his religious faith is that of the Congregational church. His has been an upright and honorable life actuated by high purposes and fraught with good results, and the respect and warm regard entertained for him are well merited. A contemporary biographer said: "Both Mr. and Mrs. Elwell are worthy citizens of the great state of Washington, warm-hearted, generous and very 120 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY popular. They are well entitled to enrollment in these chronicles with those who are recognized as potent factors in the present-day civilization of this section, and as descendants of its earlier pioneers." REV. ANTHONY S. FISCHER As pastor of the Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Help, the Rev. Anthony S. Fischer is a strong force for moral and spiritual uplift in Everett, and although of foreign nationality, he is thoroughly American, for practically his entire life has been spent in this state. He is a native of Czecho-Slovakia and was eighteen months old when his parents, Anthony and Thecla (Domesle) Fischer, made the voyage to the United States. They settled in Minnesota in 1877 and in 1884 migrated to Washington. The father entered a homestead near Uniontown, in Whitman county, and also preempted land. Through patience and industry he transformed the wild tract into a fertile farm, and as one of the pioneer agriculturists of that section he was widely and favorably known. The public and parochial schools of Uniontown afforded Father Fischer his early educational opportunities, and he was also a pupil in a private school. He attended Gonzaga College at Spokane and afterward entered Mount Angel College at Angel, Oregon, specializing in philosophy and the classics. He was graduated from that institution of learning in 1897 and was next a student at the Grand Seminary of Montreal, Canada. He was ordained priest in 1900 and for three years was assistant at St. Leo's Catholic church in Tacoma, which he left in January, 1904, afterward serving Puyallup and its missions. In 1909 he took charge of St. Mary's parish at Seattle and was there stationed for twelve years, during which time he built a large church, which is one of the architectural adornments of that city. In 1921 he was called to Everett and has since been pastor of the Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Help, the first Catholic edifice in the city. It was founded in 1892, and this was the only parish in Everett until 1904, when the Church of the Immaculate Conception was established. In 1892 there were only a few scattered families in this district, and the Rev. J. Cronin of the Redemptorist Fathers was the first pastor. The first marriage in the church was solemnized on January 16, 1893. when E. B. McGill was joined in wedlock to Julia Persell, and the first baptism was administered January 19, 1892, to Edwin George O'Kelly. In August, 1897, Father Cronin's place was filled by the Rev. William Dwyer, who spent a brief period in Everett, and the next pastor, the Rev. P. \Tan Holderbeke, remained here for only a few months. In December, 1897, his duties were assumed by the Rev. Charles Claessens, who served until his demise, which occurred on the 6th of June, 1912. His successor, the Rev. J. E. O'Brien, was stationed in Everett until June, 1921, and Father Fischer has since been pastor of the church. The first edifice was a small structure, seating three hundred and fifty persons, and during the past two years the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars has been expended for building by the members of the parish. The new church is a beautiful structure and has a seating capacity of eight hundred. The school building contains twelve rooms and will accommodate four hundred pupils. Two hundred and ninety students are in attendance. St. Dominicus Academy, the home of the Dominican Sisters in the northwest, was erected in 1898, and the property, comprising five acres, is opposite the church. The academy houses twenty sisters, ten of whom are teachers, and those who desire to devote their lives to the church are here instructed. The school has a competent corps of teachers and maintains a high standard of instruction. Father Fischer is loved and respected by his parishioners, and his efforts have been resultant both in spiritual and temporal advancement. He is a zealous and untiring worker in behalf of the church and a consistent follower of the faith he preaches. WILLIAM E. and LLOYD W. MORGAN William E. Morgan, president of the Marysville Motor Company, is associated with his brother, Lloyd W., in the business and represents one of the old and prominent families of northwestern Washington. He was born in Edgecomb, Snohomish county, in 1898, and his parents, William J. and Margaret (Steel) Morgan, were early setters in this section of the state. His father was a successful lumberman and the first manufacturer of eighteen inch shingles in Washington. After his death the mother remarried, becoming the wife of R. W. Tompkins, and now resides in Marysville. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 12,1 The Marysville Motor Company was formed in July, 1922, by C. E. Haines and Chris Wolff, and in 1923 William and Lloyd W. Morgan purchased the business. It is located in a building fifty by eighty feet in dimensions and the firm has a complete repair shop, also furnishing battery service. They have the local agency for the Ford cars and carry a full line of automobile accessories. The members of the firm are aggressive young business men of progressive ideas, and their trade has assumed large proportions. William E. Morgan is the executive head of the business and wisely directs its course, displaying initiative, foresight and keen powers of discernment in the conduct of his affairs. He is identified with the Masonic order and also belongs to the Commercial Club. He maintains an independent. attitude in politics and is liberal and broadminded in his views on all subjects. He is in hearty sympathy with every movement for Marysville's advancement and occupies a secure place in the esteem of his fellow townsmen. On July 5, 1924, he was united in marriage to Miss Kathryn Foley, of Victor, Montana, and both are popular in the social life of the community. Lloyd W. Morgan was born in Marysville in 1900 and received a public school education. For a time he conducted the local motion picture theater and then embarked in merchandising. In 1923 he formed a partnership with L. E. Witt, who became the junior member of the firm, and they established a fox farm. Mr. Morgan has made a success of the business, of which he is still the directing head, and his constructive efforts have also been resultant forces in the development of the trade of the Marysville Motor Company. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is a young man of exceptional enterprise and ability and has accomplished much for one of his years. He has a wide acquaintance in this locality, in which his life has been passed, and an exemplary character and pleasing personality have drawn to him a large circle of sincere friends. JAMES H. MITCHELL James H. Mitchell, assistant postmaster of Everett, has devoted much of his life to public service, discharging to the best of his ability every trust reposed in him, and the reputation that results from duty well performed is his just reward. He was born February 6, 1856, in Cambridge, Ohio, and his parents were Peter and Maria (McIlhaney) Mitchell, the former a carpenter. His mother was a native of Pennsylvania, and the father's birth occurred in Maryland. In the acquirement of an education James H. Mitchell attended the public schools of Ohio, and afterward went to Kansas. When but nineteen years of age he was elected county clerk of Rooks county, Kansas, and for two terms was the incumbent of that position. He was next postmaster of Stockton, Kansas, and acted in that capacity for three years. Going to Topeka, he opened an insurance office and conducted the business for three years. On the expiration of that period he chose Plainville, Kansas, as the scene of his activities along that line and also operated in real estate. He was a dealer in drugs as well and likewise found time for public affairs, acting as postmaster and justice of the peace. In 1891 he located in Snohomish, Washington, where he was connected with the drug trade for six months, and then came to Everett as bookkeeper for W. F. Brown. Mr. Mitchell's wife was the first postmaster of Everett, receiving her appointment July 4, 1891, and he was made her assistant. In 1896 he was chosen deputy county auditor and held the position for two years. He was engaged in mining for three years and in 1901 was elected city clerk of Everett. He served for four years and for one term as mayor of the city, working ever for its best interests. In 1909 he was again named as assistant postmaster and has since been retained in that office. He has a detailed knowledge of the work and his duties are performed with characteristic thoroughness and efficiency. CHRIS CULMBACK The life record of Chris Culmback is a story of earnest endeavor that has brought him from a lowly position to a field of broad influence, and his activities in connection with the tobacco business have won him prominence in commercial circles of Everett and northwestern Washington. A native of Denmark, he was born June 3, 1867, and his parents were Jergen and Kirsten Culmback. He was reared on his father's farm and received a public school 122 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY education. He remained in Denmark until he reached the age of twenty-one years and then sought the broader opportunities of the United States. For a year he was engaged in railroad work in Nebraska and in 1890 went to Oregon. He lived for two years in the city of Portland and in 1892 came to Washington. He secured work in one of the mills at Everett and was afterward employed as a section hand and in other capacities. In 1894 he established the 0. K. Cigar Store on Hewitt avenue, near Chestnut street, starting with a capital of eighty-two dollars, and in 1895 opened a retail store at 1405 Hewitt avenue. Success attended the venture, and in 1909 he became both a wholesale and retail dealer in cigars. In 1919 he moved the business to the Odd Fellows building and remained in that location until July 1, 1924, when he completed his own building, a substantial two story structure, situated at 3015-17 Colby avenue. It is fifty by one hundred and ten feet in dimensions, and the second floor is used for hotel purposes. Mr. Culmback occupies the first floor and basement and carries a fine stock, which includes tobacco, cigars, confectionery, fountain supplies and gloves. He now caters only to the wholesale trade and employs four traveling salesmen, who cover three counties. A man of marked executive force and keen sagacity, he is a leader in the lines in which lie specializes and conducts a business of extensive proportions, developed by untiring effort and strict adherence to a high standard of commercial ethics. In 1908 Mr. Culmback was united in marriage to Miss Mathilda Larson, also a native of Denmark, and five children were born to them. Those now living are Kirsten, Hans Christian and Henna. Mr. Culmback exercises his right of franchise in support of the candidates and measures of the republican party and conscientiously discharges the duties of citizenship. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and one of its energetic workers in pushing the development and progress of the city. He belongs to the Cascade Club, the United Commercial Travelers and the Danish Brotherhood. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and has a life membership in the local lodge of Elks. Forceful, energetic and determined, he has stamped the impress of his individuality upon his work and manifests in his character those traits which never fail to inspire confidence, respect and esteem. SAMUEL VESTAL Samuel Vestal, one of the pioneer residents of Snohomish, is rendering important service to the community in the office of city treasurer, which he has filled for many years, and also through the upbuilding of its mercantile and financial interests. He came to Washington in territorial days and aided in framing the first laws of the commonwealth. He was born November 16, 1844, and is a native of Ohio. His parents were Samuel and Edith (Ballard) Vestal, the former of whom was born in North Carolina and followed agricultural pursuits as a means of livelihood. The grandfather, John Vestal, took up government land in Ohio in 1798 and was among the early settlers of Clinton county. The junior Samuel Vestal was reared on his father's farm and received his higher education in the Ohio Wesleyan University, from which lie was graduated in 1870. In 1872 he started for the west, arriving in Victoria, British Columbia, on April 7, and spent some time in Canada. On his return to the States lie located in Olympia, Washington, and was there engaged in railroad work during one summer. He next turned his attention to the profession of teaching and for four years was an instructor in the schools of Cowlitz county, Washington. He was afterward employed as a clerk and in 1879 embarked in merchandising at Kalama, this state. Mr. Vestal came to Snohomish in 1883 and in association with H. C. Comegys opened a general store. In 1900 he formed a partnership with William Whitfield and they successfully conducted the business until 1904, when they disposed of their stock. Meanwhile Mr. Vestal had become interested in financial affairs and in 1887 was one of the organizers of the National Bank of Snohomish, of which he has since been a director. In 1904 he was elected county auditor, acting in that capacity for two terms, and he has since been city treasurer of Snohomish. He has been a faithful custodian of the public funds and his long retention in the office proves that his worth is appreciated. On September 18, 1877, Mr. Vestal married Miss Harriet Jane Martin, a native of Oregon and a daughter of Norman Martin, who went to that state in 1843 as a carpenter in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company. To Mr. and Mrs. Vestal were born eight children: Lucy, who has passed away ; Norman Clark, who makes his home in Seattle; Webley Martin, of Olympia ; Edith, a teacher in the public schools of Seattle ; Irving, a resident of Index, Washington ; Viola, the wife of J. W. Coulter of Anyox, British Columbia, Canada ; Marie, who is one of the instructors in the University of Porto Rico ; and Julia, who is engaged in teaching in Tacoma, Washington. HISTORY OF SNOTIONI 1SH COUNTY 1)3 Mr. Vestal is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the Ancient Order of United 'Workmen. He is allied with the republican party and was elected to the senate at the time Washington was admitted to statehood. He served for one term and gave his earnest support to all measures which he believed would prove of benefit to the commonwealth. He has lived wisely and well and at the venerable age of eighty-one years is remarkably well preserved. His record constitutes an inspiring example of industry, integrity and devotion to duty, and judged by the standard of usefulness, his life has been a very successful one. GIDEON M. LE COCQ Gideon M. Le Cocq is classed with Everett's prominent attorneys and represents a talented family whose members have achieved success in the professions. He was horn November 18, 1889, in Harrison, South Dakota, and is a son of Frank and Rhoda Le Cocq, pioneer settlers of Douglas county, that state. His father was president of the Harrison State Bank and recognition of his worth and ability led to his selection for the office of state railroad commissioner, which he filled in a highly acceptable manner. After his retirement from financial and public affairs he came to Washington and established his home in Whatcom county, in which he still resides. Besides the subject of this sketch, Mr. and Mrs. Le Cocq are the parents of the following children : Frank, a consulting engineer, who maintains an office in Everett ; Ralph B., who is engaged in the practice of law at Lynden, Washington ; Irwin M., consulting engineer for the Pacific Vibrolithic Corporation of Oregon ; Marion, a well known physician of Lynden, Washington ; John, who is engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Portland and is also a member of the faculty of the Oregon Medical School ; Charles, assistant city engineer of Aberdeen, South Dakota ; and Edward, a student at the medical college in Portland, Oregon. Gideon M. Le Cocci received his early education in the public schools of his native town, after which he attended the University of Iowa. He next entered the law department of the University of Michigan and continued his studies at the University of South Dakota, from which he received the degree of LL.B. in 1914. After his admission to the bar he located at Oak Harbor, Washington, and there followed his profession for seven years. He came to Everett, Washington, in 1921 and his legal acumen and careful preparation of his cases have won for him a liberal practice. On December 10, 1916, Mr. Le Cocq married Miss Agnes Goldie, of Seattle, and they have three children: Margaret, Frank and Mary. During the World war Mr. Le Cocq was a member of the legal advisory hoard of Island county, Washington, and two of his brothers served in the Medical Corps of the United States army, while Irwin held the rank of ensign in the navy. Mr. Le Cocq is allied with the republican party but has never entered politics. He is a Mason and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a young man of keen intellect and is fitted by natural ability and by training for the legal profession, to which he gives his undivided attention. JESSE A. MYERS Jesse A. Myers, a member of an old and highly respected family of the south, has spent much of his life in Everett, contributing his full quota toward the city's upbuilding and progress, and is widely and favorably known as secretary of the Merchants Association. He was born January 21, 1864, in Carroll county, Maryland, and is a son of A. B. and Hannah (Engel) Myers. His father was long engaged in milling and farming and has reached the eighty-ninth milestone on life's journey, but the mother has passed away. Jesse A. Myers was reared on the plantation and attended the schools of Carroll county. He afterward learned the steamfitter's trade, which he followed for a number of years in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and when a young man of twenty-six sought the opportunities of the Pacific northwest. He spent two years in Seattle, Washington, and in 1892 came to Everett, where he has since made his home. He aided in constructing the mill of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company and put in the steam connections in a whaleback which was built here in the '90s. In January, 1901, he entered the field of merchandising, opening a grocery store at No. 3308 Everett avenue, and conducted the business until November, 1921, establishing a large trade. He has since devoted his energies to the promotion of the interests of the Merchants Association, Inc., and his work has been productive of excellent results. It was formed 124 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in 1897 by E. M. Metzger and others for the purpose of establishing closer relations among the local dealers, also to promote a feeling o f good will and raise the standards of business ethics. The association was started with seven members and is now controlled by eighty-six members, but sells its services to other business corporations, cooperating with one hundred and eighty-one firms at the present time. The association has the commercial rating on seventy-five per cent of the county's population, both city and country. New offices were secured in the Central building in November, 1925, and the association meets twice each month with the Chamber of Commerce. The credit rating bureau has been in operation for a quarter of a century and the organization has had a stimulating effect on commercial activity in Everett. Marvin Smith, the first secretary of the association, served until 1900, when his place was taken by T. C. Simmons, who held the position for nine years. On the expiration of that period his duties were assumed by 0. E. Hale, who relinquished the task at the end of two years. Frank Pilling was next called to the office, which he filled for twelve years, when he was succeeded by the subject of this review, who has efficiently served the association for the past four years. In 1890 Mr. Myers married Miss Mary Jane Wilson, of Pennsylvania, and five children were born to them, namely : Blanche, the wife of R. E. Johnson, of Seattle; Harry B., who has a wife and a child and makes his home in Everett ; Glenn S., who is married and resides in Seattle ; Ada H., now Mrs. J. B. Weisman, of Seattle ; and Jesse A., Jr., at home. Mr. Myers is allied with the democratic party and has demonstrated his public spirit by both word and deed. He was a member of the city council for nine years and served for twelve years on the school board, of which he was president for two years, doing much to influence Everett's progress along educational lines. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Young Men's Christian Association and the Rotary Club. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and has attained the eighteenth degree in the order. He is also connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Improved Order of Red Men and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Myers is a broad-gauged man with a correct understanding of life's values and purposes, and the respect accorded him is well deserved. JOHN 0. MORRIS The experienced, broad-gauged business man is at once the mainstay and the motive power of every community in which he is found, and of this type is John 0. Morris, vice president of the Everett Packing Company and an influential factor in the management of one of the largest corporations in the northwest. He was born in 1876 at Burlington, Iowa, and his parents, Andrew J. and Angeline Morris, both passed away in 1894. The family migrated to Washington in 1891, settling in Grays Harbor county. The father took up a homestead and became the owner of a valuable tract of timber. John 0. Morris completed his high school course in Grays Harbor county and in 1897 attended the Blair Business College of Spokane, Washington. In 1898 he opened a grocery store in Spokane, which lie conducted for about four years in partnership with his brother, Elmer E. In 1902 John 0. Morris returned to Grays Harbor county and was made shipping clerk for the Northwestern Lumber Company. While thus engaged he pitched two games of ball per week for the fast semi-professional team of Hoquiam, winners of the pennant in the seasons of both 1902 and 1903. He quit baseball at the end of 1903, having the highest percentage of any amateur player in the state. His prowess in the national sport led to his acquaintance .with W. W. Kurtz, president of the Hoquiam Packing Company, and Mr. Morris entered his employ as post trader on the Quinault Indian reservation. He acted in that capacity for three years and on the expiration of that period became timber cruiser and buyer for W. L. Adams of the First National Bank of Hoquiam. He was next placed in charge of one of the branches of the Hoquiam Packing Company, and in 1913 he came to Everett and established the Everett Packing Company. He was manager of the canning department for two years and is now vice president and general manager of the company. Mr. Morris combines an expert knowledge of the work with marked business sagacity and executive force and his labors have constituted a vital element in the expansion of one of the largest industries of the kind in the United States. S. P. McGhie is president of the company, which was formed in 1913, and started operations in Alaska in 1916, putting up thirty thousand cases of red and fifty thousand cases of pink salmon in that year in addition to the Everett pack. A branch has been established on the Behring sea. The Everett plant has a capacity of thirty-five hundred cases of salmon per day, and the Behring sea plant is equipped to produce msToRy OF SNOHOM ISI COUNTY 127 about three thousand cases daily. In 1924 the company added a pea canning plant with a daily capacity of two thousand cases. The corporation also controls the North Pacific Packing Company ; the Nootka Packing Company, a Canadian firm which packs both salmon and sardines, in addition to operating a reduction plant producing fish meal and oil ; and the Langara Fishing & Packing Company, which has a large plant on Queen Charlotte's island and packs all of the clams marketed by the firm. The combined business of these various industries amounts to one and a half to two million dollars yearly and nearly two thousand men are employed during the busy season. On November 2, 1902, Mr. Morris was united in marriage to Miss Almeda B. Carlson, of Tacoma, Washington. They have two sons : Paul, who is attending the University of Washington ; and Walter, a high school pupil. Mr. Morris is a republican in his political views and belongs to the Country Club and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a personality in his community and the record of his achievements is the best commentary upon his ability and enterprise. ALBERT LEAMER Though four decades have passed since Albert Learner departed this life, he is still remembered by many of the older residents of northwestern Washington as a progressive young agriculturist of the Stanwood community and as a representative of one of the first families which had settled in Skagit county. His birth occurred in Davenport, Iowa, on the 27th of August, 1851, his parents being David and Eliza Learner, both of whom are deceased. He acquired his education in the schools of his native state and was a young man of nineteen when in 1870 he made his way to the Pacific northwest and took up a homestead claim on the Beaver marsh near La Conner, Skagit county, Washington. He proved up on the ranch and resided thereon until 1882; when he removed to Snohomish county and rented a tract of land on Learner's island, near Stanwood. There he successfully devoted his attention to farming pursuits until death called him on the 10th of October, 1886, at the comparatively early age of thirty-five years. On the 25th of December, 1875, Mr. Learner was united in marriage to Martha J. Hancock, who was born in Putnam county, Missouri, June 11, 1857, her parents being Francis H. and Hester Ann (Hewitt) Hancock, both deceased. Francis H. Hancock was one of the pioneers of Puget sound, and a man of the highest integrity. He was of the old school of Christian gentlemen who carried their principles into their work and who never worked without principle. Though a resident of Stanwood at the time of his death and a pioneer of this part of the state, Mr. Hancock began life in Virginia. He was born on May Day of 1826, a son of Justice and Harriette (Smith) Hancock, well known in their day and generation. They were the parents of six children : Daniel, Mary, Martha, Samuel, Allan and Francis. The parents died when Francis was very young. He received his education in his native state and lived there until 1857, when, at the age of thirty-one years, he removed to Missouri, where he remained as a farmer until coming to Whidby island in 1862. The trip was made across the plains by ox team, and the Hancock wagon was one of a train of seven which banded together and accomplished the long and tedious journey between May 6 and November 11. Mr. and Mrs. Hancock passed their first winter in Crockett's cabin and took up a homestead on the island, where they lived a short time. They then moved to the Stillaguamish flats and lived there until 1892, when Mr. Hancock retired from active business life and removed to Stanwood, where he passed the remainder of his days. When Mr. Hancock settled on the flats the practice of diking the land had not been commenced there, but he went to work at once and soon had his entire holdings of one hundred and sixty acres under dike. In 1853, before leaving Virginia, Mr. Hancock married Miss Hester A. Hewitt, the ceremony being performed on the 27th of July. Mrs. Hancock's parents were Henry and Jemima (Howard) Hewitt, native Virginians and parents of ten children, namely : James, Ellen, Bolin, Hezekiah, Mrs. Hancock, Auslum, Ambrose, Elizabeth, Alice and George. Mrs. Hancock was born on the 19th of March, 1834, and lived with her parents until her marriage, receiving her education in the schools of the Old Dominion. To Mr. and Mrs. Hancock were born nine children : Mary J., who is deceased ; Mrs. Annie Libby, who resides on Whidby island ; Mrs. Martha J. Scott, now living in Snohomish county ; and Samuel H., John T., Charles E., Frank, Odin, and Richard, all of whom have passed away. In politics Francis H. Hancock was a democrat. He was a Methodist in church affiliations and a faithful member, as was also Mrs. Hancock. The home farm consisted of one 128 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY hundred and sixty acres of bottom land on the Stillaguamish, and two acres in Stanwood with a seven room cottage. Concerning the death of Mr. Hancock, a pioneer of the Pacific coast who settled here more than six decades ago, the following is appended from the Stanwood Tidings in its issue of February 5, 1904: "It is with feelings of the deepest regret that we record the passing away on Thursday, February 4, 1904, at 9 :50 P. M., of one of Stanwood's best known and honored citizens, Francis H. Hancock, at the ripe age of seventy-eight years. Mr. Hancock's illness was comparatively of short duration, but from the first but little hope was entertained that he would recover, on account of his advanced age. For days the Hancock home was flooded with anxious inquiries from friends and neighbors, but the answer was always discouraging, and on Thursday evening he drew his last breath. Death came peacefully to him who had lived a long and beautiful Christian life. Always jovial and happy, his jokes and stories of his experiences, and reminiscences of early days on the coast, made him a prime favorite with old and young alike. Francis H. Hancock was born in Bedford county, Virginia, May 1, 1826. He came from an old and distinguished family of that state, his grandfather, Colonel Samuel Hancock, having fought with distinction in the Revolutionary war. On July 27, 1853, he married Hester A. Hewitt, a lady of excellent family, being a direct descendant of Lord Walden, an English nobleman, and also a relative of General Stonewall Jackson. Four years after their marriage, 1857, they moved to Missouri, where they lived for five years. In the year 1862, Mr. Hancock, having imbibed the spirit of 'Westward, ho !' decided to push further into that wonderland so full of rich promise to one who possessed so entirely as he did that unconquerable, optimistic, undying spirit that does things, and knows no such thing as defeat. and so on the 5th day of May he began that arduous journey across desert and plain, mountains and streams, to the faraway 'Oregon country.' After a long six months of hardships incident to the journey across the plains, following trails and poorly marked roads through a country infested with a treacherous and bloodthirsty race, they finally landed at their destination, Whidby island, on the 11th day of November, 1862. Here they resided for eight years, and then they moved to the Stillaguamish flats, where they lived continuously until 1892, when they moved to Stanwood, where they have resided ever since. During these years Mr. Hancock gathered together a comfortable fortune and during the declining years of his life was able to take life easy, and in a comfortable home in Stanwood lived happily with his wife and granddaughter, Edna. The funeral services were held in the Methodist church at Stanwood, Sunday morning following his death, and were conducted by Rev. E. B. Reese, the pastor." Mrs. Hancock passed away in February, 1906. Albert and Martha J. (Hancock) Learner became the parents of five children, the record of whom follows : Frank Learner is married and has three children, namely: Hugh, Kenneth and Phyllis. Mrs. Maud (Learner) Moore became the mother of five children, as follows: Myrtle, who is married and has had four children—Fred Daoust, Donald Daoust, Jimmie Daoust (deceased) and Raymond Daoust ; Jesse Moore ; Clarence Moore, who is deceased; Francis Moore; and Ilene Moore. Chester Learner lives on the old home place, which comprises twenty-nine and one-half acres of land and is owned by his mother, with whom he resides. Three and one-half acres of the tract have been planted to berries, while the remainder is leased. Fred Learner, who makes his home in Everett, Washington, has a family of four children: Gene, Lucille, Albert and Jack. Mrs. Geneva (Learner) Derr is the mother of four children, namely : Margaret E. M. Derr, a high school student ; Leonard J. L. Derr, who is attending grammar school ; Herbert U. W. Derr, who is also a grammar school pupil ; and Robert C. Derr. In the year 1896 Mrs. Martha J. (Hancock) Learner became the wife of James Scott, a native of Scotland, who passed away in 1916. Four years later, in 1920, Mrs. Scott erected an attractive new home on the place where she now lives with her son Chester. She enjoys an extensive and favorable acquaintance throughout the community. DOUGLAS T. BALLINGER Douglas T. Ballinger is following in the professional footsteps of his father and is a recent addition to Everett's legal fraternity. He was born April 2, 1899, in Port Townsend, Washington, and is a son of Harry and Margaret (Trumbull) Ballinger. His father was graduated from the University of Kansas when but sixteen years of age and was admitted to the bar by special act of the legislature of that state. In 1886 he located in Port Townsend, Washington, where his marriage occurred, and he has long been numbered among the leading attorneys of that locality. Douglas T. Ballinger attended the University of Washington for five years and qualified for the practice of law, passing the required examina- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 129 tion in 1921. He began his professional career in Seattle, remaining in that city until 1925, and in July of that year opened an office in Everett. On October 4, 1924, Mr. Ballinger was united in marriage to Miss Frances M. Leghorn, of Seattle, a young woman of exceptional mentality and charm. She is serving as president of the Kappa Kappa Gamma Club of Everett and was formerly one of the officers of the national organization. Mr. and Mrs. Ballinger have become the parents of a son, Douglas Hamilton, who was born September 26, 1925. Mr. Ballinger supports the candidates and measures of the republican party but is not active in politics. He is a Mason and is also connected with Phi Alpha Delta, a legal fraternity, and is a member of the College Club of Seattle. His interest centers in his profession. ELZY PICKERING Elzy Pickering, one of the old and respected citizens of Everett, has had a long and active career and through the exercise of sound judgment in his business affairs has gained a degree of prosperity that enables him now to enjoy a leisure and ease befitting his years. A native of Indiana, his birth occurred October 8, 1844, and he is a son of Benjamin and Sarah (Mills) Pickering, the former of whom was a native of North Carolina and the latter of Tennessee. The father was engaged in farming in Indiana but moved to Wisconsin when our subject was about eight years of age and bought a farm there. Elzy Pickering secured his education in the public schools and remained at home until he had attained his majority. In 1863, at the age of eighteen, he enlisted in Company F, Third Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry, with which he served until the close of the Civil war. He escaped without injury but contracted typhoid fever while in the service. After he returned home he and his father moved to Iowa, where the father bought a farm. Our subject remained there four years and then, in 1869, took up a homestead in northwestern Iowa, remaining there until 1878, when he sold it and moved to Spencer, Iowa. There he engaged in the livery and transfer business, which he conducted until about 1886, when he engaged in railroad construction work. Four years later he went to Colorado, where he continued in the same line of business for a time, but, meeting with reverses, he took up a placer claim and also engaged in farming. In 1898 Mr. Pickering came to Washington and soon traded his Colorado land for one hundred and sixty-six acres near Clear Lake, Skagit county. It was uncleared land, but he devoted himself to its improvement and added to it until he had a half section of land. Of this he cleared about fifteen acres and engaged in dairy farming, milking from ten to fifteen cows. He sold the milk to the neighboring lumber camps and was successful in that venture. About two years later he deeded three forty acre sections to his children, one of whom still retains his portion. The remaining tract he sold in 1914 but had to take it back, and he remained there three years longer. Eventually he traded that land to Samuel Jensen for lots and buildings at the corner of Twenty-sixth and Broadway streets, Everett, and also traded fifteen acres which he owned near Sedro Woolley, Skagit county, for property on Tulalip street, Everett. Later he sold this and bought his present home on Rainier street, and has more recently sold his Broadway property. Except for some work in the Northern Pacific depot and at the Clough-Hartley mill, he is now retired from active affairs. On June 6, 1866, Mr. Pickering was married to Miss Matilda Davis, who died about nine years after their marriage. To this union were born three children, two of whom are deceased, the survivor being Fred D., who is living at Sedro Woolley, where he is operating a greenhouse, and also works at the millwright's trade. On March 24, 1876, Mr. Pickering was married to Miss Melvina Davis, who was born in Wisconsin, March 24, 1859, a daughter of Nathan and Hannah M. (Hutchins) Davis, both of whom were natives of Indiana. Mrs. Pickering is descended through the paternal line from one of the three Davis brothers who came over in the Mayflower. Her father was a farmer in Wisconsin and Indiana. She taught school for one year and was married when seventeen years old. To Mr. and Mrs. Pickering have been born six children, two of whom are deceased. Winfred is connected with the New England Packing Company at Ketchikan, Alaska. Grace is the wife of Frank P. Davis, of Clear Lake, and they have had three children, one being deceased. Leroy J., who is with the Cascade Lumber Company at Yakima, Washington, is married and has four children. Elton E., who is a foreman in the Clough-Hartley sawmill at Everett, is married and has a daughter. Mr. Pickering is a member of the Sedro Woolley post, Grand Army of the Republic. Politically he is a republican, and while living in Iowa he served as deputy sheriff, constable and marshal. He is descended from Quaker stock. Mrs. Pickering is a 130 HISTORY OF SNOHON11S11 COUNTY member of the Ladies of the (it-and Army of the Republic, the ladies' auxiliary to the Sons of the Grand Army of the Republic, and the Relief Corps, at Sedro Woolley. Her religious affiliation is with the Church of Christ, Scientist. Air. Pickering has been interested in the general welfare of the various communities where he has lived and his influence has ever been exerted for the advancement and progress of his fellowmen. Kindly and generous in disposition and friendly and cordial in his relations with those about him, he has a host of warm and loyal friends, and is held in high esteem. NOAH SHAKESPEARE Noah Shakespeare is one of Everett's leading citizens and a successful attorney with a background of twenty-five years' experience. A native of England, he was born March 15, 1877, and his parents, Enoch and Margaret (Griffiths) Shakespeare, have passed away. The family went to Canada in 1901, settling in the province of British Columbia, and the father devoted his attention to the insurance business. Noah Shakespeare studied law in the University at Valparaiso, Indiana, and was graduated with the class of 1901. Since his admission to the bar he has practiced in Everett and the years have brought him wider knowledge and an extensive clientele. In trial he is ready and resourceful and his logic carries conviction to the minds of the court and jury. In 1904 Mr. Shakespeare married Miss Lulu Riemann, of Everett, and they have four children: William Stratford, Gwendolyn, Robert and Margaret. Mr. Shakespeare is a republican and has been justice of the peace. He was appointed municipal judge in 1907 and for fifteen years ably administered the affairs of that court, tempering justice with mercy. He fought valiantly for his adopted country during the conflict with Spain and during 1921-1922 served as commander of the Department of Washington, United Spanish War Veterans. He has always taken a keen interest in military affairs and aided in forming Company K of the Washington National Guard. For three years he was second sergeant of the company, which was Everett's first military organization. During the World war he was captain of Company C of the Third Washington Infantry and in May, 1918, was promoted to the rank of major. He was commissioned judge advocate general and served for three years. Owing to the pressure of other work he sought and obtained permission to be transferred to the reserve list of the national guard and still retains the rank of major. He is a strong champion of the cause of education and is one of the regents of the State Normal School at Bellingham, Washington. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World. Mr. Shakespeare combines in his character all of the qualities of a useful and desirable citizen and his professional colleagues as well as the general public speak of him in terms of high regard. GEORGE W. WENTWORTH, D. D. S. Dr. George W. Wentworth, a dental surgeon of twenty years' standing in Everett and one of the best known men in that city, is a native of the Badger state but a citizen of Washington by choice and inclination and has never had occasion to regret the decision which turned his feet in this direction. He was born in the city of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, February, 13, 1876, and is a son of Hollis and Ella (Neff) Wentworth, the latter of whom is still living, continuing to make her home in Wisconsin. The late Hollis Wentworth was a civil engineer by profession. Reared in Wisconsin, Dr. Wentworth had his preliminary educational training in the schools of that state and early became interested in the science and practice of the dental profession. After preparatory studies he entered the Dental College of Northwestern University, Chicago, and was graduated (D. D. S.) in 1901. Upon receiving his diploma Dr. Wentworth began practice at Marinette, Wisconsin, and there remained until 1906, when he closed out his interests in that city and came to Washington, locating at Everett, where he since has been engaged in practice, with present offices in the Medical building. The Doctor is widely and well known in his profession throughout this section and is now (1926) serving his second term as president of the Snohomish County Dental Society. In June, 1909, in Everett, Dr. Wentworth was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude C. Smith, daughter of J. H. Smith, present (1926) mayor of the city of Everett. Dr. and Mrs. Wentworth are republicans and are members of the Golf and Country Club. Dr. Wentworth HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 131 is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Both he and Mrs. Wentworth have ever been interested and helpful participants in the general social activities of the city. The Doctor stands high in his profession and his merited success has afforded gratification to his many friends. FREDERICK ARNOLD FRANKE, M. D. Dr. Frederick Arnold Franke, a well established young physician of Snohomish county and widely known in his profession throughout this section of the state, was born in Utah, April 23, 1897, and is a son of Gus A. and Katherine (Shea) Franke, the former of whom was born in Michigan and the latter in Kentucky, both members of families that were among the earlier of the non-Mormon families to settle in Utah. The late Gus A. Franke, a cattle rancher on a large scale and who also was engaged in the mercantile business at Salt Lake City, Utah, had considerable interests in that state, United States Senator Reed Smoot having long been one of his business associates. He died in 1921 and his widow is still living in Utah. Reared in Utah, Dr. Franke had his preparatory education in the public schools of that state and in Colorado and then entered the medical school of the George Washington University, Washington, D. C., from which he was graduated (M. D.) in 1920. For fifteen months thereafter he was given practical experience as an interne in Washington hospitals and then was appointed surgeon of the special scientific expedition fitted out for research work on the memorable nonmagnetic vessel, The Carnegie; and with that notable expedition he remained until word of the death of his father caused him to resign his commission and return home. Not long afterward he was commissioned for service in the United States Public Health Service and was thus connected for three years and a half, two and a half years of which time were spent in Honolulu. In April, 1925, Dr. Franke retired from government service and established himself in regular medical practice at Snohomish, associated with Dr. Durrant, giving his special attention to the treatment of ailments of the eye, ear, nose and throat, along which lines he has done postgraduate work and has had much clinical experience. He also has qualified by special study and practice as an authority on hygiene, sanitation and public health and since taking up his residence in Washington has been a helpful personal factor in the movement to create higher standards of practice along these lines. In January, 1926, he was appointed county health officer of Snohomish county, for two years, with offices in the Medical and Dental building, Everett, Washington. He is a member of the Snohomish County Medical Society, the Washington State Medical Association and the American Medical Association and in the deliberations of these learned bodies takes an interested part. On January 9, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Dr. Franke was united in marriage to Miss Bernice Maxwell, who was born in Kansas, a daughter of William G. Maxwell, and they have two children—a son, Frederick Arnold Franke, Jr., born in Hawaii, May 31, 1923 ; and a daughter, Nancy Lee, born in Snohomish, July 13, 1925. Dr. and Mrs. Franke are republicans and since taking up their residence in this county have given their thoughtful attention to general local civic affairs, with a view to a helpful participation in all movements dealing with the advancement of the common welfare, also being interested and helpful participants in the general social and cultural activities of their community. The Doctor is a member of the Masonic order and of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is affiliated with the college fraternities Sigma Nu and Alpha Kappa Kappa. WILLIAM A. WELLS As a legal practitioner William A. WTells has made steady progress, and studiousness, combined with the habits of diligence and thoroughness, has placed him with Everett's leading attorneys. He was born August 9, 1881, in Wilkin county, Minnesota, and his parents, George W. and Olivia C. Wells, have passed away. His father was a large landowner and filled the offices of county commissioner and justice of the peace. William A. Wells received a public school education and also took a course in a business college. He was private secretary to the superintendent of the Great Northern Railroad, and in 1905 he came to Everett. His legal studies were pursued in the office of Cooley & Tioran, and in 1915 he was admitted to the bar. He practiced with the firm of Cooley 132 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY & Horan until 1918 and then went to Washington, D. C., becoming connected with the judge advocate general's office. In 1919 Mr. Wells returned to Everett, where he has since practiced under his own name, specializing in corporation and income tax law, of which he has acquired a detailed knowledge. He has been retained as counsel in many important cases and enjoys a large and lucrative clientele. In 1907 Mr. Wells married Miss Louise King, of Everett, and to this union has been born a son, Robert, aged fifteen years. Mr. Wells is one of the popular members of the Everett Golf and Country Club, of which he was secretary and treasurer for five years, and his political support is given to the republican party. He subordinates all other interests to the demands of his profession and is highly esteemed by his fellow practitioners and the general public as well. JOHN HAUGEN John Haugen, one of the leading members of Everett's Scandinavian colony, has devoted much of his time to public affairs and is making a highly creditable record as auditor of Snohomish county, an office with which he has been connected for a quarter of a century. A son of Ellef and Anna Haugen, he was born December 14, 1868, and is a native of Norway. In 1890, when a young man of twenty-two, he followed the example of many of his fellow countrymen and came to the United States in the hope of bettering his fortunes. After his arrival in this country he started for Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, in which his uncle, Iver Johnson, had settled in 1877, when this was a frontier district. Mr. Johnson entered a homestead and developed one of the fine farms of the county. Later he embarked in the hardware business in Stanwood and in the early days was deputy county auditor. He was afterward elected county commissioner, and during his tenure of office much constructive work was performed. John Haugen operated his uncle's ranch for a few years and in 1893 bought a general store at Silvana, Washington. He was engaged in merchandising until 1895 and afterward conducted a "skimming station," dealing in milk and cream. From 1897 to 1901 he was postmaster at Silvana. In 1901 he came to Everett as a clerk in the auditor's office and was afterward deputy county auditor, serving successively under Messrs. Vestal, Sher fey and Lee and Miss May Weatherbee. He worked again for Mr. Lee and then for his successor, Adrian Hulbert, who tendered his resignation in September, 1925. The board of county commissioners then appointed Mr. Haugen county auditor, and he has fully justified the wisdom of the choice, displaying expert ability in the discharge of his duties. In 1898 Mr. Haugen married Miss Martha Hevly, a native of South Dakota. Her parents, Haldo and Ellen Hevly, came to Snohomish county in 1879 and the father homesteaded land near Silvana. Mr. and Mrs. Haugen have a family of four children : Emory, who conducts a garage at Marysville, Washington, and has a wife and a daughter ; Helen, the wife of Ralph Boyd, of Everett ; Mildred, now Mrs. Glenn Carlson, of Berkeley, California ; and Thelma, who is attending high school. Mr. Haugen casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and supports every movement for public betterment. His advancement has been won through merit and his integrity and stability of character are qualities which have gained for him a high place in the esteem of Everett's citizens. C. CHRISTENSEN America has been the land of opportunity to many men of foreign birth, and among the number is C. Christensen, an influential member of Arlington's Scandinavian colony. He is local manager for the Snohomish County's Dairymen's Association and brings to the discharge of his important duties years of experience and broad scientific knowledge. He was born February 20, 1880, and is a native of Denmark, in which country lie acquired a practical understanding of the dairy industry. In 1905 he came to the United States. He entered the employ of the Cleveland Packing Company and for three years was with that firm. On leaving Ohio he went to Ontario, Canada, where he spent two years, and then returned to the States. He next became a representative of the Carnation Milk Products Company and was sent to Monroe, Washington, in 1910. He was there stationed for six years and on the expiration of that period engaged in research work in Seattle, after which he had charge of a condensery at Snohomish for a year. In 1919 his services were sought by the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he has since been manager of the business at Arlington. In that year the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 133 association purchased the plant of the Canyon Milk Products Company, which has a daily capacity of one hundred and fifty thousand pounds of milk and also manufactures fifty barrels of milk powder each day. The association makes a high grade of is milk and also supplies Seattle with fresh milk. Its members own the plant, which is a model of its kind and furnishes work to about forty-five persons. The milk for this plant is furnished by six hundred and fifty dairymen, who ship their products from as far north as Darrington and the Marysville cut-off on the south ; also from Camano island, Cedarhome and points extending to the Skagit county line, thence in an easterly direction through Granite Falls. The Arlington business of the association is conducted in a highly efficient manner and Mr. Christensen is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished. He is an exceptionally capable executive and devotes deep thought and study to his work, to which he gives his undivided attention. In 1912 Mr. Christensen married Miss Garnet Remley, of Columbus, Ohio, and the children of this union are Laddie, Donald and Margaret. Mr. Christensen is a Royal Arch Mason and is an influential member of the Commercial Club and a moving spirit in every project for Arlington's growth and advancement. He has a wide acquaintance and is esteemed for the qualities that have made possible his success. JOHN R. McK AY The public funds of Snohomish county are intrusted to the care of John R. McKay, who is a faithful custodian and who is one of the desirable citizens whom Canada has contributed to the United States. He was born in the province of Ontario in 1866, and his parents were George and Christina (McIntosh) McKay. He received a liberal education, supplementing his public school training by a course in Queen's University, from which he was graduated in 1888 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and for three years was a law student at Osgood Hall in Toronto, Canada. Mr. McKay first came to Everett in 1892 but at the end of three months left for Tacoma, Washington, where he spent five years, and during that period was engaged in newspaper work, also teaching school. He returned to Everett in 1897 and for four years devoted his attention to educational affairs. He was next a bookkeeper for the Goldbar Lumber Company and was afterward in the employ of the Clear Lake Lumber Company, with which he was connected for four years in a similar capacity. Mr. McKay was engaged in merchandising at Goldbar for eight years and was also postmaster of the town. He has been treasurer of Snohomish county since 1923 and his course has won the approval of all citizens, for his work is performed with thoroughness, accuracy and conscientiousness. In 1895 Mr. McKay married Miss Anna Bayne, of Woodstock, Ontario, and Evelyn, the only child of this union, is residing in New York city. Mr. McKay belongs to the Kiwanis Club and his fraternal relations are with the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America, while in politics he is a republican. He has never deviated from the path of honor and integrity and the respect accorded him is well deserved. ROSS D. ALVERSON Ross D. Alverson, one of Everett's prominent citizens, is serving as county engineer. and his scientific knowledge, supplemented by broad experience, enables him to find a ready-and accurate solution for all difficult professional problems. A son of William S. and Clara M. (Durant) Alverson, he was born January 7, 1889, and is a native of Warren Mills, Wisconsin. The family migrated to the Pacific coast in 1901 and lived for several years in Rosalia, Washington, moving in 1912 to Everett, where the mother still resides. The father, who devoted his attention to mercantile affairs, has passed away. Ross D. Alverson accompanied his parents to the northwest, and after his graduation from high school he entered the State College at Pullman, Washington. In 1905, at the age of sixteen, he began to provide for his own livelihood, starting with the Spokane Inland Railway, and in 1906 obtained a position in the engineering department of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Company. In December, 1910. Mr. Alverson went to British Columbia and for four years was engaged in locations and construction work for the Canadian Northern Railway Company. After his return to Washington he was employed in a professional capacity by various contracting firms of Seattle and in 1916 came to Everett as assistant county engineer. He was placed in charge of road paving in the northern end of Snohomish 134 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY county and in 1917 superintended the work of laying fifteen miles of pipe line for the Everett waterworks. In February, 1917, Mr. Alverson enlisted in the coast artillery and was sent overseas, spending six months abroad. He was honorably discharged April 1, 1919, with the rank of second lieutenant, and then located in Sedro Woolley, Washington. He returned to Everett in February, 1920, and opened an office as a consulting engineer. He soon established a remunerative clientele and was engaged in private practice until the fall of 1922, when he was elected county engineer, taking office in January, 1923. He measures up in full to its requirements and his work has been of great importance and value to the county, which he serves with thoroughness and fidelity. In July, 1918, Mr. Alverson was united in marriage to Miss Marie M. Fuhr, of Everett, and three children were born to them, but Roderick B., the eldest, is deceased. The others are Theodore W. and Thomas M. Mr. Alverson is a Scottish Rite Mason and has attained the thirtieth degree in the order. He is also connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and the American Legion, while his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. A student and a worker, Mr. Alverson has risen rapidly in his profession, and his ambition, enterprise and ability will carry him far, for he is still a young man with many years of usefulness before him. JOHN JACKLIN John Jacklin, a dealer in electrical apparatus, is well equipped by thorough scientific training for this field of activity and occupies an influential position in business circles of Marysville. A native of Canada, he was born in the province of Ontario in 1892 and was but ten years old when his parents, John and Catherine (Cummings) Jacklin, crossed the United States border, settling in Everett, Washington. The father has retired from business life, but the mother has passed away. Our subject was a pupil in the public schools of Everett and continued his studies in the Seattle Engineering School, from which he was graduated in 1916. He was employed for some time as a steam engineer, also doing electrical work, and in 1921 embarked in business at Marysville. He is president of the Jacklin Electrical Company and local representative of the Puget Sound Power & Light Company. He handles a full line of electrical supplies and also installs equipment. He is an expert 'in this line of work and has been awarded many important contracts, conducting a business of large proportions. In 1919 Mr. Jacklin was united in marriage to Miss Selma Johnson, of Butte, Montana, and during the. period of their residence in Marysville they have made many friends. Mr. Jacklin belongs to the Commercial Club and is a republican in his political views. He is a member of the town council and a leading spirit in all projects for the growth and betterment of the community with which he has allied his interests. Earnest, energetic and purposeful, Mr. Jacklin has pressed steadily onward toward the goal of success, and his personality is one that inspires respect and confidence. E. MILTON STEPHENS E. Milton Stephens, president of the First National Bank of Monroe, is also numbered among the industrial leaders of Snohomish county. He is known throughout northwestern Washington as a successful lumberman, and his activities in the field of public service won him state-wide prominence. He was born January 31, 1868, and his parents, William and Anna Rosana J. (Ensley) Stephens, were natives of Wisconsin. In 1852 they made the long and arduous journey to the Pacific northwest, traveling in a wagon drawn by oxen and arriving safely in Oregon, where the father operated a flour mill. In 1887 he migrated to Washington and engaged in farming in the vicinity of Marysville. He was one of the early settlers of Snohomish county and in 1912 moved to Monroe, Washington. Here he spent the balance of his life, and his widow is still a resident of the town. • A native of Oakland, Oregon, E. Milton Stephens there attended the public schools and a business college conducted by George T. Russell. In 1889 he embarked in the lumber industry as a member of the firm of Stephens & Robe, operating a shingle mill at Marysville, Washington, and was later head of the firm of Stephens & Sparks, owners of a small plant at Getchell. On severing his connection with that enterprise Mr. Stephens returned to Marysville, where he spent two years, and then located in Monroe, Washington. At that time the Stephens Brothers Lumber Company was formed by Elmer M., E. Milton, Lewis L. and D. F. Stephens E. MILTON STEPHENS HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 137 and B. F. Bird, and their mill was afterward purchased by the firm of Wagner & Wilson. The subject of this sketch and his associates next organized the Stephens-Bird Logging Company, which in 1912 became known as the Stephens-Bird Lumber & Logging Company, and in the following year they purchased the business of the Cascade Lumber & Shingle Company at Snohomish. The plant has a capacity of one hundred and twenty-five thousand feet of lumber per eight hour day and furnishes work to one hundred and fifty men. The lumber is sold all over the world, and the firm also conducts a large logging business. In the development of this industry E. Milton Stephens has played a leading part. The First National Bank of Monroe was started by Joseph Swalwell and E. Milton Stephens, and the latter has since been its president. He is an astute financier and under his wise guidance the business of the institution has steadily increased. In May, 1890, Mr. Stephens married Miss Ida M. Smith, of Marysville, and four children were born to them, namely : L. D., who is married and acts as manager of the logging camp ; Gertrude M., who is attending college ; Eliza, the wife of Jack Bulmer, and Lillian, also a college student. Mr. Stephens is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Eastern Star and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is an adherent of the republican party and for two terms represented his district in the state legislature. He was a member of the state senate for a term and exhibited a zealous and watchful regard of public rights, never using his talents unworthily nor supporting a dishonorable cause. Endowed with keen mentality and the spirit of enterprise, he has avoided the pitfalls into which unrestricted progressiveness is so frequently led, focusing his energies in directions where fruition is certain, and his industry, probity and ability have met with a rich return of personal regard as well as a substantial measure of financial prosperity. FRED A. KNEIPP Among the citizens to whom Snohomish is indebted for the expansion of its trade relations, none enjoys a higher reputation than does Fred A. Kneipp, who has made the jewelry business the ladder by which he has mounted to success. He learned the watchmaker's trade at Wiesbaden, Germany, and has followed it continuously for forty-eight years, acquiring expert skill. He came to the -United States in 1896, when a young man of thirty-four, and in 1898 came to northwestern Washington, opening a jewelry store in Snohomish. Mr. Kneipp deals exclusively in this line of merchandise, and his is the oldest jewelry establishment in the entire county. His store contains many fine examples of the goldsmith's art, and for twenty-eight years he has ably conducted the business, which has steadily increased, keeping pace with the growth of the town and the surrounding district. In 1899 Mr. Kneipp married Miss Minna Schott, and they have become the parents of three children: Margaret, who follows the profession of teaching ; Carl, who is engaged in the jewelry business ; and Otto, a high school student. Mr. Kneipp is identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is in hearty sympathy with every project for civic progress and betterment, and his ability, probity and loyalty are well known to the residents of Snohomish, who speak of him in terms of high regard. CHARLES H. FICKEL Charles H. Fickel, a well known mortician of Everett, has been a resident of the city for eighteen years, and during much of this period he has been active in public affairs, serving at the present time as county coroner. He was born November 15, 1881, in Randolph counts-, Indiana, and is a son of George H. and Elizabeth C. Fickel, who have made their home in Everett since 1909. Both of his grandfathers served in the Union army during the Civil war. Charles H. Fickel obtained his higher education in Earlham College, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Science in 1902, and in the following year he was graduated from the Barnes School of Embalming in Chicago. He passed the state examination in Indiana and there followed his chosen line of work until 1908. He then started for the Pacific coast, locating in Everett, Washington, and was made deputy county clerk under W. F. Martin. He was chosen county clerk in 1914 and acceptably filled the position for two terms, or for 138 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY a period of four years. In 1919 he formed a partnership with N. B. Challacombe, who in 1901 had purchased the undertakin2, parlors at 2812 Rocke feller street, and they have since been associated. Their present building is seventy-five by one hundred feet in dimensions and wa.; comp'eted in 1923. It is situated at 2729 ( street and contains a fine chapel providel ‘vith seats for two hundred persons. The firm has installed motor equipment, and ; members arc expert funeral di ectors. Patrons of their establishment are always assured of first class service, courteous treatment and fair and honorable dealing. The business is in a prosperous condition and is constantly expanding. In 1904 Mr. Fickel married Miss Edith White, of Richmond, Indiana, and they have four children: Ruth, Doris, Harriet and Robe t. Mr. Fickel is an earnest ni,mber of fie Methodist church and gives his political support to the republican party. He has rwlde a fine record as county coroner and since 1923 has been the incumbent of the office, bringing to the discharge of his duties scientific knowledge and a keen sense of his responsibilities. He is a Rotarian and a director of the Young Men's Christian Association and the Cham-;e:7 of Commerce. His fraternal affiliations are with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. A man of high principles, Mr. Fickel has faithfully fulfilled every trust reposed in him, and public opinion bears testimony to his worth. N. B. CHALLACOMBE N. B. Challacombe, a successful funeral director, is one of the leading business men of E.erett, in which city he has made his home for a quarter of a century, awl was formerly unty coroner. He was horn November 18, 1861, in Medora, Ill nos, and his parents were Nicholas and Nancy G. (Carson) Challacombe. He was reared on his father's fa m, attending the schools of the locality, awl afterward was a student at Blackman Uniyers't-.-, also completing- a course in the Brown Business College while in Illinois. He followed the occupation of farming for several years awl in May, 1901, came to Everett, becom'ng owner of the undertaking establishment of O. A. Phelps and later located at 2312 Rockefeller street. In 1921 M Challacombe was joined by Charles H. Fickel, the present county coroner, and they he ye since been partners. The business is now conducted at 2729 Oakes street, an I the chapel will seat two hundred persons. The building was erected in 1923 and is seventy-five by one hundred feet in dimensions. It is thoroughly modern in all of its appointments and the equipment is equal to the best in the city. The service is adapted to every need and the prices are mid.rate. The members of the firm are experienced and competent and they have a large Lueiness, developed through good management and honest dealing. In 1889 M Challacombe married Miss Anna Dannel, of Springfield, Illinois, and their union was term:nated by her demise in February, 1925. She had become the mother of two sons. Stowell, the elder, is associated with his father in business. He is married and has two daughters, Eileen and Nan. Arthur enlisted in the United States marines and won a licutenan:'s commission. He is also married and the father of one child, Arthur, Jr. Mr. Challacombe is an ea: nest member of the First Presbyterian church and for twenty-five years has been one of its elders. He is allied with the republican party and served for four years as county coroner, displaying rare qualities as a public official. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. He has been honored with the presidency of the state board of examiners for embalmers and is now filling that office. He also belongs to the Lions Club and was at one time the executive head of the local organization. Mr. Challacombe is a business men of high standing, and during the period of his residence in Everett he has lent the weight of his support to every project for public growth and betterment, thoroughly demonstrating his worth as a citizen. FRED SCHOTT Fred Schott is a member of an old and highly respected family of Snohomish and head of the firm of Shott Brothers, meat dealers, whose establishment is a credit to its owners and to the town in which it is operated. Mr. Schott was born September 8, 1881, and is a native of Cleveland, Ohio. His parents, Fred and Emma J. Schott, came to Snohomish in 1896 and the father afterward made investments in real estate, owning much valuable property in the town. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 1.39 He spent his last years in retirement, passing away in 1907, and his widow is still a resident of Snohomish. The junior Fred Schott received a public school education, and he was a youth of fifteen when the family migrated to northwestern Washington. For some time he assisted his father in business and then became connected with the meat business, entering the employ of 131-uhn & Henry. He remained with that firm for twenty-two years and acquired an expert knowledge of the trade. In March, 1922, he was joined by his brother Charles in organizing the firm of Schott Brothers, and they have since been the proprietors of the S. G. S. Cash Store, which was opened in 1921. They carry a full line of high grade meat and cater to the most desirable class of patrons, owing their commercial prestige to honest dealing and enterprising methods. In 1908 Fred Schott married Miss Clara Behrends, a native of Wisconsin. Her father, John Behrends, was one of the early settlers of Snohomish and was engaged in railroad work. To this union were born seven children : Frances, Fred, Mildred, Howard, Crandall and Carroll May and June Fay, twins. Mr. Schott is a republican in his political convictions but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. Business claims his undivided attention and his ambition, ability and energy insure his continuous progress in his chosen line of work. WILLIAM J. WILLIAMS William J. Williams, who came to Washington in territorial days, is filling the office of county commissioner, with residence in Everett, and his record as a public servant redounds greatly to his credit. A native of Canada, he was born May 8, 1874, in Tilsonberg, Ontario, to which country his parents, George and Elizabeth (Vineall) Williams, migrated from England, and both have passed away. He received a public school education and at the age of seventeen became a telegrapher for the Grand Trunk Railroad Company. In 1893 he journeyed to Black Rock, a suburb of Buffalo, New York, where he spent four years, and then went to Melrose, Minnesota, as an employe of the Great Northern Railroad Company. He was there stationed for a year and in 1897 was transferred to Seattle. He remained in that city until 1899 and was then made agent at Monroe, Washington. He was identified with the Great Northern Railroad until 1902, when he tendered his resignation, and accepted a position as manager with the Monroe Investment Company. He performed a similar service for the Woods Creek Mill Company, which finished its timber operations in 1916, and he was afterward appointed deputy county assessor, acting as assistant to William Whitfield. Mr. Williams was called to the office of county assessor in 1920 and through successive reelections he has been retained in this capacity. He is honest, efficient and painstaking, giving to the county the best service of which he is capable, and his worth is thoroughly appreciated. On September 25, 1900, Mr. Williams married Miss Inez E. Powers, of Snohomish, Washington, and they have become the parents of two children, a son and a daughter. George, the elder, is married and is employed in a drug store in Everett. Grace is the wife of John E. Corbally, superintendent of the schools of South Bend, Washington, and they have one child, a son, John E. Mr. Williams is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and also has membership relations with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a republican in his political convictions and a stanch champion of the party. He has a large personal following and has always conformed his life to a high standard of conduct. C. T. ROSCOE C. T. Roscoe, a talented member of the Everett bar, is prosecuting attorney for Snohomish county and represents one of its old and prominent families. He was born May 18. 1868, in Clinton county, New York. and his parents were Christopher and Amelia (Nichols) Roscoe. His mother was a native of Canada and the father was born in Vermont. They came to Washington in territorial clays, and in 1888 the father entered a homestead in Snohomish county. As the yea:s passed he converted the wild land into a productive farm, and he was also numbered among the pioneer lumbermen of this region. He was honored with the mayoralty of Edmonds and also acted as marshal of the town. Mr. Roscoe was very public-spirited and was largely instrumental in securing for the community its first schoolhouse. Ile was a Union veteran, serving for four and a half years with the Ninetv-eighth New York Infantry, and was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor. He possessed many admirable qualities and his life was long and useful, closing in 1919, while the mother passed away in 1912. 140 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY C. T. Roscoe was educated in the public schools of his native state and afterward took up the study of law. He was twenty years of age when the family came to northwestern Washington, and in 1890 lie was admitted to the bar. He was the first clerk of Snohomish county, of which Snohomish was then the county seat, and served for two terms. While he was acting in that capacity a homestead was entered on what is now Rocker hill, one of the desirable residential districts of Everett, and Mr. Roscoe was requested by the land office at Seattle to visit the claim in order to secure proof of residence. He found that the homesteader had died, but the widow proved tip on the land and it was later purchased by W. J. Rucker, who platted the property, which has become one of the finest sections of the city. Mr. Roscoe practiced law in Snohomish until 1895 and then went to Montana, opening an office in Helena. He was identified with mining operations in that state and also in Idaho, Colorado and California. He returned to Washington in 1906 and practiced at Edmonds for five years, also acting as city attorney. In 1911 lie resumed his mining activities, locating in Butte, Montana, and during the World war lie worked in the shipyards at Seattle, Washington. In 1919 he established a law office in Everett and in 1922 was elected prosecuting attorney for Snohomish county. He stands firmly for right and justice and has secured many convictions. His name is feared by the criminal element and respected by all law-abiding citizens, who look to him for safety and protection. He is a formidable adversary in legal combat, felicitous and clear in argument, and marshals his evidence with the skill and precision of a military commander. He is at home in all departments of the law, and the prestige which he has won as a public prosecutor has brought him an extensive private practice. In 1919 Mr. Roscoe married Mrs. Gertrude Ward, of Edmonds, who has two children by a former union, namely, Ruel and Dallas, high school pupils. Mr. Roscoe is an adherent of the republican party and served for a term in the state legislature. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias, the Masons, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while his interest in civic affairs is indicated by his connection with the Chamber of Commerce. He is an ex-secretary of the Snohomish County Bar Association and is also a member of the American Bar Association. A man of sound and well balanced judgment, he never looks at a question in a superficial way, but delves at once to the root of a matter, and his opinions are the result of independent thought and deep study. He does not seek popularity, caring more for the approval of his own conscience than for the applause of the public, and his integrity is above question. EVERETT PUBLIC LIBRARY The Everett Public Library is an important civic institution and owes its existence to the Woman's Book Club of Everett. The resolutions adopted November 12, 1894 by that organization were signed by Mesdames Selden N. Baird, Edgar L. Bailey, C. C. Brown, A. K. Delaney, S. Duryee, Augusta Plummer Foster, T. A. Gallins, Joseph Irving, J. T. Lentzy, E. E. Lytle, J .T. McBride, R. McFarland, Edward Mills, D. F. Powers, S. A. Sears, W. G. Swall-well, James M. Vernon and Stephen Knowlton. The mayor appointed Messrs. Nichols, Hilleary and Nish as members of a committee to act with the club. At a club picnic held June 26, 1895, the first books were secured, forming the nucleus of the library. The club soon accumulated one thousand volumes through federated club donations, and on December 14, 1896, the library was presented to the city. Alice McFarland was made librarian and the first trustees were S. M. Kennedy, W. G. Swallwell and F. H. Brownell. Three rooms in the city hall were donated for the library, which was opened to the public on Thursday afternoon, April 21, 1898, with the following committee in charge : Mesdames Ellen Thayer, H. D. Cooley, H. L. Oldfield, A. P. Foster, F. A. Clark and Miss Olney, assisted by Charles W. Smith, the Seattle librarian. In 1901 the library was moved to a small building on Rockefeller street and in 1903 Mr. Carnegie offered the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars to the institution. His conditions were complied with, and the Carnegie Library, which was opened July 3, 1905, is still in use. The old site was traded to Henry Hewitt, Jr., for the present location at the corner of Oakes and Wall streets, formerly the site of the Chamber of Commerce, and Mr. Hewitt donated three lots additional, making four in all. Miss Gretchen Hathaway, the second librarian, took charge in 1900 and in 1907 her place was taken by Mrs. A. E. Wharton, who was succeeded in February, 1914, by Miss Mary Frank. She acted in that capacity for two years, and from 1916 until July 1, 1919, the position was filled by Miss Elizabeth Topping. M iss Mabel Ashley has since been librarian. Ten weeks after the library was started one hundred and seventy persons were drawing books and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 141 at the present writing the institution has over ten thousand borrowers. The present equipment includes a book wagon which circulates a large assortment of books to the local schools, hospitals and mills. The library is open week days from 11 a. m. to 9 p. m. and on holidays from 2 p.m. until 6 p.m. It is a fine institution, maintained at a high standard of efficiency, and is a source of pride to the citizens of Everett, who have eagerly availed themselves of its opportunities for cultural growth and development. JOHN W. HALL Among the men of courage, enterprise and foresight to whom Stanwood is indebted for its upbuilding and progress is numbered John W. Hall, president of the H. & H. Railroad Company. He was born September 29. 1870, in Kansas, and his parents, Nicholas and Minty (Dixon) Hall, have passed away. He received a public school education and in 1890, when a young man of twenty, came to northwestern Washington. He embarked in the teaming business at Stanwood and was thus engaged until 1904, when he built the H. & H. Railroad, which connects the mills of this locality with the Great Northern Railroad. It is a freight carrier and has proven of inestimable value to the town. This is a standard gauge road, maintaining its own engine and flat cars, and in the operation of the line Mr. Hall has secured a high degree of efficiency. He is a very capable executive and is well qualified for the direction of transportation affairs. His son is conducting a large transfer business. In May, 1890, Mr. Hall married Miss Alice D. Aldrich, a native of Kentucky, and to their union were born ten children, nine of whom survive. Mr. Hall is identified with the Masonic order and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has served on the town council and is a citizen of worth to the community, working at all times for its best interests. JAMES CHISHOLM, M. D. Dr. James Chisholm ranks with the leading physicians of Snohomish county, and for more than a quarter of a century Everett's citizens have had the benefit of his professional knowledge and skill. A native of Canada, he was born in the province of Nova Scotia in 1872, and his parents, William and Elizabeth (McKinzie) Chisholm, have passed away. They made the voyage from England to Canada on the ship Hector, settling in Nova Scotia. and the father embarked in the leather business, while he was also connected with the lumber industry. Dr. Chisholm was educated in Canada, winning the M. D. degree from McGill University of Montreal in 1900, and had two years of hospital experience in Nova Scotia. He followed his profession on the Atlantic coast for a short time and in November, 1900, opened an office in Everett, where he has since made his home, building up a large general practice. He was connected with the public health service for thirteen years and during that period was also surgeon at the Marine Hospital. He has a thorough understanding of medical aid surgical science and utilizes his knowledge to the best advantage in his efforts to combat disease. In 1912 Dr. Chisholm married Miss Evelyn May Iles, of Michigan, and they have two children: Bettie McKinzie, born September 4, 1918 ; and William Duane, born March 1, 1925. Dr. Chisholm casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and lends the weight of his support to all worthy civic projects. He is an ex-president of the Snohomish County Medical Society and also belongs to the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is a Shriner and has been honored with the thirty-third degree in Masonry. He exemplifies in his life the beneficent teachings of the order, and his talents, natural and acquired, have won him an enviable place in medical circles of Everett, while his intrinsic worth has enabled him to gain and retain the respect and esteem of its citizens. WILLIAM H. CLEAVER With diligence and perseverance as his dominant qualities, William H. Cleaver has made his own way in the world, and his name has long been an influential one in mercantile circles of Everett. A native of Hanover, Germany, he was born in 1871, and in 1885, when a youth of fourteen, he came to the United States, joining his brother, who had located at Port Clinton, Ohio. At the age of fifteen William H. Cleaver became a clerk, working in a store during 142 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the day, and also attended night school, in this manner completing his education. In 1895 he went to Montana, obtaining a position as clerk with one of the merchants of Butte. He spent two years in that city and in 1897 journeyed to Washington. He was part owner of a store in Spokane and there remained until 1900. At Oakesdale, Washington, he engaged in general merchandising on a small scale as a member of the firm of Dolson & Cleaver, and in January, 1902, they decided to move to Everett. Their first store was on Hewitt avenue and was started with four clerks. Owing to the growth of their trade these quarters soon proved inadequate and in 1905 the business was established in its present home on the corner of Hewitt and Rock feller avenues. In 1912 Mr. Dolson withdrew from the undertaking and Mr. Cleaver has since controlled the business. He handles dry goods and ladies' ready-to-wear garments and employs about twenty-five persons. He is very careful in the selection of his stock, which is always of high grade, and never resorts to questionable methods in order to make sales. He has found that satisfied customers constitute the best advertisement, and his well known reliability has been one of the chief factors in the upbuilding of a large and desirable patronage. In January, 1902, Mr. Cleaver married Miss Daisy Parmenter, of Lima, Ohio, and to their union has been born a daughter, Gertrude. She took a course in business administration at the State University and since her graduation has resided at home. Mr. Cleaver is a Rotarian and also belongs to the Country and Cascade Clubs. He is one of the enterprising members of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, of which he has been a director, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is a capable business man, thoroughly imbued with the progressive spirit of the west, and is accorded the respect of his fellow citizens, for his life has been upright and useful. SAMUEL P. McGHIE Samuel P. McGhie, one of the men who are making history in Washington, had nothing to aid him at the outset of his career, and through the strength of his character and the force of his personality he has risen to the presidency of the Everett Packing Company, controlling an industry of mammoth proportions, with ramifying interests extending throughout the northwest. A native of Canada, he was born October 30, 1877, in the province of Ontario, and his parents, Samuel and Sarah (Snook) McGhie, are deceased. Samuel P. McGhie was reared 'on his father's farm and received a public school education. In 1897, when a young man of twenty, he came to Snohomish county and when he arrived in Everett had but two and a half dollars. He obtained work with his brothers, J. A. and N. B. McGhie, who had come to the city in 1891 and were the proprietors of its first meat market. The subject of this sketch assisted them in handling cattle and was paid a salary of ten dollars per month. Before taking this position he was an unsuccessful applicant for a more remunerative job of ninety cents per day in the old nail factory, and the site on which it stood is now occupied by the plant of the Everett Packing Company. Eventually Mr. McGhie was made a traveling salesman, and after leaving the employ of his brothers he represented a Chicago concern in a similar capacity. He began buying and selling cattle, eggs and produce of various kinds and in this way accumulated a small capital, which he invested in the wholesale fish business in 1908, forming a partnership with S. Chase, Jr. They placed about twelve thousand dollars in the bank and this sum represented their combined resources, but they soft established credit with the fishermen, who aided them in gaining a start. The business grew rapidly and in 1913 the Everett Packing Company was formed by S. P. McGhie, S. Chase, Jr., and J. 0. Morris. The Everett plant was at first equipped to produce two thousand cases per day, and in 1915 the business was moved to its present location. This plant was started with a daily capacity of five thousand cases but this has been reduced to thirty-five hundred cases of salmon per day. In 1924 a pea canning factory was added with a daily capacity of two thousand cases, and during the busy season two hundred men are employed in the plant, while for the fishing operations an additional force of one hundred and twenty men is required. In 1916 a branch was opened in southeastern Alaska and another was established on the Behring sea. The latter plant has a capacity of about three thousand cases per day and furnishes employment to one hundred and fifty persons. Among the subsidiaries of the Everett Packing Company are the Northern Pacific Packing Company, which operates a plant with a daily capacity of one thousand cases and employs two hundred and fifty people ; and the Nootka Packing Company of Canada, packers of salmon and pilchards and also manufacturers of fertilizer and oil. This plant has a daily capacity of thirty-five hundred cases and a force of one hundred and fifty employes, including fishermen. The Langara Fishing & Packing Company, which completes the list, packs the clams marketed by the firm HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 145 and the plant is located on Queen Charlotte island. It has a daily capacity of one thousand cases and furnishes work to more than four hundred persons. In 1925 they established and began operating a new plant with a capacity of three thousand cases of salmon. It is located at Massett, Queen Charlotte island, in the province of British Columbia. All these industries are controlled by the parent corporation, and during the busy season nearly two thousand men are employed in connection with the above mentioned plants. Each company has a number of ships. The Mazana is one of the largest vessels in the trade in the world, having a carrying capacity of one hundred carloads of salmon, and is owned by the Mazana Steamship Company, of which Mr. McGhie is the president. He is a man of extraordinary executive power, possessing a genius for successful management and a tremendous supply of energy. He has developed an industry which now transacts a business amounting to one and a half million dollars per year, and is associated with John 0. Morris, who is filling the offices of vice president and general manager. Mr. Chase also played an important part in the operations of the company, but has not been connected with the firm since 1921. In 1910 Mr. McGhie married Miss Florence Chase, a sister of S. Chase, Jr., and the children of this union are Samuel, Jr., and Bettie. Mr. McGhie is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has sown wisely and well and his life has been a succession of harvests. He is today a dominant figure in industrial circles of the Pacific northwest and a man of the highest integrity, rich in experience, and faithful to every relation in life. G. F. COOK G. F. Cook, an able attorney, has had broad legal experience and is now practicing in Everett. A son of Burr .and Isabel Cook, he was born May 6, 1869, and is a native of Kin-nickinnic, Wisconsin. He was reared on a farm and attended the rural schools near his home. He took a year's course in the University of Wisconsin, and in 1893 he came to Washington. Mr. Cook read law in the office of Chadwick & Fullerton, well known attorneys of Colfax, and in 1895 was admitted to the bar. He practiced for a few months in Bellingham, Washington, and then entered the educational field. For about ten years he was engaged in teaching and was principal of the schools of Arlington, Stanwood and Edison, Washington. In 1905 Mr. Cook resumed his legal activities, locating in Monroe, Washington, where he resided for eighteen years, and during that period handled much important litigation. He opened an office at Everett in 1924 and has already established a lucrative practice, while his business in the courts is rapidly increasing in volume as well as in importance because of his close reasoning, his correct application of legal principles and his ability to present his contention in the strongest possible light. In 1917 Mr. Cook was united in marriage to Miss Elsie Polin, of San Luis Obispo, California. He is identified with the Knights of Pythias and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He was city attorney and clerk of Monroe, performing his work with thoroughness and efficiency, and he has always envinced a deep interest in public affairs. Devotion to duty is one of his salient characteristics, and wisely utilizing the talents with which nature endowed him, Mr. Cook has progressed far on the highroad which leads to success. AUGUST HANSEN Born of a race of navigators, August Hansen naturally turned to the sea for a livelihood, and during his youth visited many parts of the world, acquiring much useful knowledge. He is now numbered among the prosperous ranchers of Snohomish county and has also won success in other lines of activity. A native of Norway, he was born in 1869. His parents, Hans and Ingrid Noverson, were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. Hansen was educated in Norway and in 1887, when a youth of eighteen, went to Brazil. He spent seven years in that country, sailing on boats plying between Rio Grande and Porte Alegre, and in 1896 he came to the United States. He was in Marinette, Wisconsin, for nine months and then went to New York city, where he boarded a steamer bound for Australia. For twenty-seven months he was engaged in prospecting for gold near Queensland and next went to the west coast of South America. He was a sailor on a ship which carried a boat load of guano to London, England, and later returned to the United States. He spent two years in New York, going from that state to Montana, and a year later came to Washington. 146 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY He next journeyed to southern California, and at the end of two years returned to Seattle, Washington. In 1907 he came to Everett and soon afterward purchased a five acre tract near Snohomish. He cleared the land, which he cultivated and improved, and is now renting the place. Mr. Hansen has started to develop two other ranches in the county, clearing a portion of the land and erecting good buildings on each farm. He is well versed in the details of agriculture and has closely studied soil and climatic conditions in this region. He opened a store at Riverside, Washington, in 1920 and is also a skilled millwright, following that trade throughout the period of his residence in the county. He is resourceful, energetic and very thorough and painstaking in his work, never undertaking a task unless he considers it worthy of his best efforts. His life has been one of unceasing industry and what he has accomplished represents the fit utilization of his time, talents and opportunities. THE LEHMANN BROTHERS The Lehmann brothers, John F. and C. H. Lehmann, proprietors and operators of the Riverside Milling Company of Everett and both veterans of the World war, with records of overseas service, are natives of Washington, born in Seattle. They are sons of M. J. Lehmann, veteran mill man of that city, who is still engaged in the milling business there, a line he has carried on since the year 1890. In 1902 M. J. Lehmann, in association with C. R. J. Walters-dorph and E. P. Nelson, established a feed mill at Everett, and began operations there as the State Milling Company, with plant at No. 2916 State street. In 1914 Mr. Nelson bought his partners' interests in the mill and continued to conduct the business, under the name of the Riverside Milling Company, but presently found himself unable to carry out his plans and the business reverted to his former partners, Messrs. Lehmann and Waltersdorph, who installed Charles Nelson as manager. In 1919, when John F. and C. H. Lehmann returned from army service, they were installed as managers of the mill and are now continuing in that connection. Under this present management extensive additions and improvements have been made to the mill. WILLIAM COLUMBUS COX, M. D., F. A. C. S. Dr. William Columbus Cox, who represents one of the pioneer families of Washington, is classed with the foremost physicians of Snohomish county and for thirty-five years he has successfully followed his profession in Everett, rendering to the community that service which only the skilled practitioner is capable of giving, while he has also done much important work along development lines. He is the eldest son and second child of Samuel W. and Cynthia (Blalock) Cox and was born September 20, 1858, in Flinty Branch, Mitchell county, North Carolina. The Cox family is of English and Scotch lineage and was established in the new world during the colonial epoch in American history. Samuel W. Cox was born in North Carolina, August 2, 1827, and followed agricultural pursuits as a means of livelihood. In the year 1870 he left the south and located in Illinois, spending three years in the middle west. On May 29, 1873, he started with his family for the Pacific coast, placing their household goods in one of the old-time prairie schooners, and on October 11 of that year arrived in Walla Walla, Washington. He entered a homestead near Pomeroy and hewed a farm out of the wilderness. The remainder of his life was devoted to the improvement of the place, and in 1893, when sixty-six years of age, he responded to death's summons. His wife was born December 31, 1837, in Mitchell county, North Carolina, and was of English and German ancestry. Her father was a southern planter and her brother, Dr. N. G. Blalock, was a distinguished physician, well known throughout the northwest. Mrs. Cox passed away in her native state in 1867, when but twenty-nine years of age. She was the mother of six children; Addie, who married George Rasmus, of Walla Walla, Washington ; William Columbus ; Hulda, who is the wife of S. S. Parris and lives near Athena, Oregon ; Nelson D., of Walla Walla, Washington; Ura, who was married to Dr. J. P. Price, of Nezperce, Idaho ; and Victa, the wife of Thomas Yoe, of Seattle, Washington. Dr. Cox was a youth of fifteen when his father came to Washington, and after the completion of his high school course he obtained work on his uncle's farm. He was thus employed until the fall of 1882, when he entered the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which his uncle had also prepared for a professional career, and on April 2, 1885, the subject of this sketch received from that institution the M. D. degree. Returning HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 147 to Walla Walla, he joined Dr. Blalock, with whom he was associated for a year, and in April, 1886, located in Genesee, Idaho, where he spent five years, and he served as the second mayor of that place. On the 6th of July, 1891, Dr. Cox opened an office in Everett, then known as Lowell, and was the first physician on the new townsite. Within a few hours after his arrival he was called upon to perform a minor surgical operation for one of the townsite laborers, who had met with an accident, and since that time he has been continuously active in his profession as a physician and surgeon. At the time he established his home here the town consisted merely of a collection of people who awaited the final survey and platting of the land, knowing that a commercial center was projected by a number of eastern capitalists. It was not un:il September, 1891, that the first plat was offered for sale by W. G. Swalwell, but that event inaugurated a boom and the small settlement has steadily progressed until today it is a prosperous, thriving city. In the work of development Dr. Cox bore a leading part and aided in starting the first hospital. The foundation was laid August 3, 1893, and in February, 1894, the building was completed. Additions were afterward made to the building, which was later purchased by the trustees of Pathena College. Mrs. Friday opened a hospital at Thirty-fifth and Hoyt streets and the Sisters of Mercy established a hospital in the old Monte Cristo Hotel at about the same time. For fourteen years Dr. Cox was local surgeon for the Great Northern Railroad Company and he is now surgeon for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company and the Everett Railway, Light & Power Company, also attending to a large general practice. His knowledge is comprehensive and his skill of a high order. On March 4, 1889, Dr. Cox married Miss Grace Jain, a native of Wisconsin. She was a daughter of Louis and Adelia Jain, of Genesee, Idaho, and she passed away at Lowell, Washington, October 10, 1891. On November 1, 1894, Dr. Cox was united in marriage to Harriet G. McFarland, who was born in Maine. Her parents, Captain Robert and Georgia Berry (Harrington) McFarland, were also natives of the Pine Tree state and were among the early settlers of Everett. Captain McFarland was a seafaring man, well known on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. During the Civil war he commanded vessels engaged in furnishing supplies to the Union army and navy and many times narrowly escaped death or capture. He filled government positions of trust both at home and abroad and his demise on April 27, 1914, deprived Everett of one of its distinguished citizens. Preeminently loyal and public-spirited, Dr. Cox has rendered good service to his city, county and state. In 1894 he became a member of the city council of Everett and in the following year he was called to the mayoralty. He lent the weight of his support to every measure of reform and progress and his administration was 'productive of excellent results. He was one of the leaders in the project for building the new Hotel Monte Cristo, a well appointed, up-to-date hostelry and a great asset to the city of Everett. He has been president of the Snohomish County Good Roads Association since its organization in 1906 and is largely responsible for the fine public highways in this part of Washington. He is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a York Rite Mason and has attained the thirty-second degree in the order, also belonging to the Shrine. He is affiliated with the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club and in 1915 was elected president of the Commercial Club. He was appointed a member of the state board of medical examiners in 1900 and filled the position for three years. He was the executive head of the Snohomish County Medical Society for five terms and president of the State Society during 1912-1913. Dr. Cox is also a member of the American Medical Association and the American Association of Railway Surgeons and has been honored with a fellowship in the American College of Surgeons. He is an ornament to his profession, and his unselfish spirit, genial nature and sympathetic disposition have won for him the high and enduring regard of Everett's citizens. NELS PETER HANSEN The old world has furnished to the new men of industry, enterprise and intelligence, who are essential to the development of a country, and in this classification belongs Nels Peter Hansen, one of the pioneer contractors of Snohomish, which is indebted to him for some of its finest buildings. He was born May 27, 1867, and is a native of Denmark. His parents were Hans and Anna (Jensen) Petersen, the former a lifelong resident of Denmark, while the latter passed away in northwestern Washington. Mr. Hansen was educated in his native land and in 1884, when a youth of seventeen, sought the opportunities of the United States. He located first in Michigan and afterward journeyed to the Pacific coast, establishing his home in Snohomish, Washington, in 1891. His skill as a 148 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY carpenter soon was recognized, and he decided to widen the scope of his operations by entering the contracting field. He has been intimately associated with local construction activities for thirty-five years, and among the best examples of his handiwork are the homes of the Commercial and First National Banks, the Presbyterian church and the building occupied by the post office. He has also erected a number of fine residences and is very conscientious and thorough in executing contracts, adhering to the spirit as well as the letter of an agreement. He has won and retained a place of leadership in his chosen line of endeavor and in the conduct of the business displays executive ability as well as keen sagacity. In 1891 Mr. Hansen married Miss Augusta Bylling, of Michigan, and they became the parents of six children : Emilie, who is the wife of Harry Beetle, of Port Angeles, Washington, and the mother of two sons ; Hans, who is married and lives in Seattle ; Anna, deceased ; Thorwald, a resident of California ; Esther, who is at home, and Helen, who is attending the State University. Mr. Hansen owes allegiance to no party and votes according to the dictates of his judgment. He was a councilman for thirteen years and served for nine years on the school board. He is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is actuated by the spirit of progress and his labors have been a direct agency in the up-building of Snohomish. Mr. Hansen has worked earnestly and effectively for the public good and his influence upon the life of the community has been of the highest order. OTT AR A. THOMLE, M. D. Dr. Ottar A. Thomle, an influential member of Everett's Scandinavian colony, is devoting his talents to the practice of medicine and is classed with the city's leading physicians. A son of Nicholas B. and Emilie Thomle, he was born in 1882 and is a native of Drammen, Norway. His father was engaged in manufacturing in that country and in 1890 joined the tide of immigration to the United States, settling on a farm near Stanwood, Washington, where he passed away. The mother still resides in the old home. Dr. Thomle was but eight years old when the family came to the Pacific northwest, and his early education was acquired in the public schools of Stanwood. He completed a course in the Washington State College in 1907 and was afterward a student at the University of Chicago and at Rush Medical College of Chicago, from which he was graduated with the class of 1914. He was an interne at the Presbyterian Hospital in that city and also in the City and County Hospitals of Denver, Colorado. He established an office in Everett in December, 1915 and is now caring for a large general practice. He is very thorough in diagnosis and utilizes the most effective remedial agents. In 1909 Dr. Thomle married Miss Ada Whittaker, of Palouse, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, Whittaker. The Doctor votes the republican ticket and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is president of the Snohomish County Medical Society and also belongs to the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He realizes the high character of his mission and is constantly promoting his efficiency through reading and investigation. Dr. Thomle is a courteous gentleman of pleasing personality and has won the respect and confidence of Everett's citizens. HARMON T. RHOADS, M. D. Although one of the more recent additions to Everett's medical fraternity, Dr. Harmon T. Rhoads is a physician of broad experience and high attainments, and he has also gained prominence in other walks of life, participating for several years in legislative affairs. He was born January 8, 1880, in Wichita, Kansas, and his parents, I. N. and Cynthia May (Warren) Rhoads, have passed away. He was reared on a farm and prepared for his profession in the Medical College of the University of Kansas City, from which he was graduated in 1910, after which he spent two years in Arkansas. He practiced for ten years in Montana with gratifying success and in July, 1924, came to Washington, opening an office in Everett. While in Montana he was surgeon for the Great Northern Railroad and he is now local oculist for that cor=poration. Dr. Rhoads has taken a number of postgraduate courses and enjoys an enviable reputation as a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He has an expert knowledge of these branches of medical science and his professional services are in constant demand. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 149 In June, 1903, Dr. Rhoads was united in marriage to Miss Jennie L. Sphar, of Kansas. and they have four sons : Charles E., James, Harmon T., Jr., and John Warren. Dr. Rhoads is allied with the republican party and while in Montana was a member of both the state leg-is:ature and senate. He served in all for eight years, giving deep thom;ht to the qtrstions brought up for settlement, and espoused the moral side of every issue. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a Knights Templar and thirty-second degree Mason, and a Shriner, and he is also connected with Independent Orde • of Odd Fellows, the Kni'Thts of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Lions Club of Everett and is interested in all worthy civic projects. Dr. Rhoads is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical AssociatiaA He is a constant and untiring student of his profession and his skill is devoted to the` good of humanity. JACOB AND PHILLIP MACHMEIER Agricultural development is Snohomish county has been stimulated by the well direct:d efforts of Jacob and Phillip Machmeier, jo:nt owne-s of one of the fine farms of this sect:on of the state and now living retired. Jacob Machmeier was horn in Milwaukee, Wisc-m;in, it 1855, and his father, Jacob Machmeier, Sr., was a native of Germany and came to the Un't,d States as a young man. He spent about five years in Milwaukee and was a resi- dent of Wisconsin. About 19C-2 he came to Washington, locating in Snohom:sh count and remained here until his death, which occurred about 1918. In Germany lie had married Miss Lizzie Bride -, who passed away in Pepin county, Wisconsin. • Jacob Machmeier was reared on his father's farm and was obliged to walk a dist-nce of six miles in order to attend public school. He aided in clearing the horn.'sead, wilich was situated in the midst of a wilderness, and all of the timber was hard wood. He learned tl•r blacksmith's trade, at which he worked in Wisconsin until about 1902, a id thrm c M2 to Washington, joining his brothers, Phillip and Martin, who had journeyed to this state in the previous year. Jacob Machmeier was employed as a blacksmith in lumber camps of northwestern Washington and about 1905, in partnership with his broiler Phillip, purchased tfrir present ranch. It is situated near Everett and contains about thirty acres. The tract was covered with a dense growth of timber, and in the early days bears we e frelwntly seen on the place. The brothers cleared about twenty acres and made a specialty of dairy n7, kee)ing a herd of fifteen cows. Jacob Machmeier continued to follow his trade for many years and the management of the farm devolved largely upon his brother Phillip, who utiiized the mist elective methods in the cultivation of the soil, while the high quality of the dairy p oducts resulted from system and science in their preparation. Jacob Machmeier was engaged in b acksmithing until 1921, working in the camps of many of the large lumber corporations of Wash ngton, and became widely recognized as an expert in his line. The brothers are bach,:.ors and both are now enjoying a well earned rest, having leased the ranch. Tile r ho:les.ty, z.-biity and public spirit are well known to the residents of this district an.1 ha\ e met with a rich return of personal regard as well as a substantial measure of financial success. N. S. HACKMAN N. S. Hackman, one of the pioneer merchants of Everett, is well known as the executive head of the Grand Leader Dry Goods Company and fo- thirty years has successfully co:iductrd the business. He was born in 1871 and is a native of Germany. He came to the United States when but thirteen years of age and received a public school education. He was employed as a clerk for several years, gaining a thorough knowledge of mercantile affairs, and in 1895 was in a position to establish a business of his own. He chose Everett as the scene of his operations and in partnership with his brother, Ed. Hackman, opened a store on Hewitt avenue between Hoyt and Colby streets, starting with four clerks. Since 1910 the business has been housed in the ground floor and basement of a modern building with a frontage of sixty-six. feet on Hewitt avenue and one hundred and twenty feet on Colby street, and sixty-five persons are now employed. From the time of its organization N. S. Hackman has been president and manager of the Grand Leader Dry Goods Company, outfitters to women, and the present status of the firm is directly due to his well directed efforts. He keeps in close touch with all new developments in the trade and is one of the most progressive merchants in northwestern Washington. The stock of merchandise carried by the house is the best the market affords 150 HISTORY OF SNOHONIISH COUNTY and the firm has ever followed a policy of honest, straightforward dealing that has enabled it to win and retain the confidence and support of a large and desirable class of patrons. In 1905 Mr. Hackman married Miss Harriet Hatton, a native of Minnesota, but for many years a resident of Washington, and the children of this union are Fred and Gertrude. Mr. Hackman is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is a life member of the Elks lodge of Everett and also belongs to the Cascade and Country Clubs. He is one of the energetic workers in the Chamber of Commerce and exercises his right of franchise in support of the candidates and measures of the republican party. Mr. Hackman is a business man of high standing and a citizen of worth to the community, in which he has a large circle of sincere friends. JOSEPH H. SMITH Possessing a keen mind, strong analytical powers and a capacity for hard work, Joseph H. Smith is well equipped for the legal profession and has long been numbered among the successful attorneys of Everett. He was born May 11, 1886, in Morgan county, Indiana, and his parents, James Henry and Margaret C. (Donaldson) Smith, are both deceased. He was reared on his father's farm and received his early education in the public schools near his home. He attended the University of Indiana for three years and then entered the Indiana Law School, from which he was graduated in 1909. Soon afterward he started for the Pacific northwest and on the 29th of June of that year arrived in Everett, where he has since practiced. He is an able advocate and a counselor whose advice is to be relied upon. The years have brought him a constantly increasing clientele and his law business is now of a most important character. In 1909 Mr. Smith married Miss Bess Duncan, also of Indiana, and they have one child, William D. Mr. Smith is a republican in his political views and from 1917 until 1921 represented his district in the state senate. He discharged his duties with fidelity and ability, exhibiting a zealous and watchful regard of public rights, and was identified with much constructive legislation. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and his life is guided by its beneficent teachings. Mr. Smith has a high conception of the dignity and responsibility of his profession, and public opinion bears testimony to his worth. JAMES A. DURRANT, M. D. Dr. James A. Durrant, one of the prominent representatives of the medical fraternity of northwestern Washington, has practiced at Snohomish for nearly a quarter of a century, and he is also a member of the state legislature. A native of Canada, he was born in Columbus, Ontario, April 23, 1875, and was a boy of twelve when his parents, Edward and Anna S. (Rundle) Durrant, crossed the United States border. His father was a butcher and was engaged in that line of work in Michigan for three years. In 1890 he went to North Dakota and embarked in the sheep business but since his retirement has lived in Los Angeles, California. James A. Durrant received his early instruction in his native province and also attended the public schools of Michigan. He afterward entered the University of Michigan, from which he won the M. D. degree in 1900, and in the same year came to the Pacific coast. He spent a year in Marysville, Washington, and then returned to the east, taking a postgraduate course in New York city. He has maintained an office in Snohomish since 1902 and enjoys a large practice, chiefly of a surgical nature. He is well versed in the science of his profession and has successfully performed many difficult operations. On July 8, 1902, Dr. Durrant was united in marriage to Miss J. Rosella McDowell, a native of Illinois, and they have three children: Dorothy A., Dudley A. and Ralph E. Prompted by the spirit of patriotism, Dr. Durrant offered his aid to the nation in its time of need and on June 19, 1917, enlisted in the United States Medical Corps. He served with credit until July 25, 1919, and now holds the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Officers Reserve Corps. He is a stanch republican, taking a keen interest in politics, and has been precinct committeeman. He served as health officer, and he is now representing his district in the state legislature. He gives deep thought to all questions brought before the house and his support of a measure is an indication of his firm belief in its value as a factor in good government. Dr. Durrant is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and has taken the thirty-second degree in the order. He is also connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 151 Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has been a constant and untiring student of his profession and keeps in close touch with its scientific progress through his affiliation with the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. JAMES W. DOOTSON James W. Dootson, attorney at law, is widely and favorably known in Everett. in which he has spent much of his life, and he owes his professional success to exceptionally thorough preparation and a natural aptitude for the law. A native of England, he was born May 8, 1882, and was but a year old when his parents, John and Ellen Dootson, made the voyage to the United States. They settled in Ohio and the father found work in the coal mines. In 1885 he moved to Iowa and two years later came to Washington. He spent about five years in Thurston county and came to Everett in 1901. James W. Dootson attended the public schools of Bucoda, Washington, and then took a preparatory course in the State University. For nine years be was a student at that institution, which awarded him the A. B. degree in 1906 and that of LL. B. in 1909. With this liberal training he entered upon the practice of law at Everett, where he has since followed his profession with the exception of twenty-one months, when he resided in California. His knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence is comprehensive and exact, and in argument he is clear, logical and convincing. He has established a lucrative clientele and wins a large percentage of his cases, never entering the courtroom without thorough, painstaking preparation. On June 22, 1910, Mr. Dootson married Miss Mary Pauline Harsell, a native of Missouri. In 1909 she was graduated from the University of Washington with the degree of Bachelor of Arts and previous to her marriage was engaged in teaching in this state. To this union have been born three children: James Thomas, John Harsell and Pauline Ellen. Mr. Dootson was formerly a standpat republican but is now a democrat in his political convictions, though not a strong partisan, considering the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of great importance. He is assistant city attorney and for nine years has ably and conscientiously filled the position. He has been faithful to every trust reposed in him, whether of a public or private nature, and his professional colleagues as well as the general public speak of him in terms of high regard. Mr. Dootson is an exemplary representative of the Masonic order, belonging to the York Rite and to the Shrine, and he is also connected with Sigma Alpha Epsilon, a college fraternity. MRS. SARAH COOKE Wholly devoted to home and domestic duties, doing through all the best years of her life the lowly but sacred work that comes within her sphere, there is not much to record concerning the life of the average woman ; and yet what station so dignified, what relation so loving and endearing, what office so holy and tender as that of home-making, wifehood and motherhood. In the settlement of the section of the country of which this work is a record, woman bore her full share of hardships, sacrifices and vicissitudes, helping in the development and progress of the country just as surely as did they who went out with axe to clear the land. Mrs. Sarah Cooke, of Arlington, bears the distinction of being one of the real pioneers of this section of Snohomish county—indeed, she was the first white woman to settle here and was here several months before she saw another white woman, and she has been an interested spectator as well as a participant in the splendid transformation which has taken place since she first came here. Mrs. Cooke is a native of Iowa and a daughter of Sherman and Emeline (Bingham) Cooke, the former of whom was a native of Ohio and the latter of Vermont. The father followed the vocation of farming, and he and his wife are now deceased. The daughter, Sarah, secured her education in the public schools of Iowa and remained at home with her parents until she was married, September 12, 1876, to Joseph Smith, a native of Illinois. He devoted himself to farming in Iowa until June 3, 1881, on which day they started west in a covered wagon, drawn by a team of mules. They endured many hardships on the journey and arrived at Walla Walla, Washington, in November of that year, remaining there through the winter. In June, 1882, they came, by way of Portland, Oregon, to Silvana, Snohomish county, and in the fall of that year bought a small ranch on Hatt slough. They sold it soon afterward and took up a homestead of two hundred acres adjoining what is now the town of Arlington, but which at that time was but a virgin wilderness. Mr. Smith built a small house of split cedar and entered 152 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY upon the task of clearing the land, which in the course of time he developed into a good farm. They lived there eighteen or twenty years and then sold the place and bought twenty acres on the hill adjoining. Later half of this place was sold and eventually the remainder was sold, and they bought a house and three lots across the road, where Mrs. Cooke is now living. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith were horn nine children, of which number four are living, namely Isa E., who became the wife of Fred Hurd, a native of Iowa, and has four children, Loren, Maxine, Alice and Evelyn; Mrs. Christie Waterman ; Susie P., who was graduated from the Arlington high school and from the State Normal School at Bellingham, completed her education in the University of California at Berkeley, and then engaged in teaching, being so employed five years in California and later in Snohomish county, and. who is now doing evangelistic work for the Free Methodist church, traveling all over the state of Washington; and Mrs. Allie Brooks, who lives at Granite Falls, this county, and is the mother of two children, Lillian and Jean. Joseph Smith passed away, and in 1904 our subject became the wife of Albert Cooke, who is a native of Canada. He came to the United States in 1889 and has followed the vocation of shingle weaving practically all of the time since cordng here. Mrs. Cooke is a woman of tactful manner and gracious qualities and has earnestly and faithfully done her part in life. JUDGE RALPH C. BELL Among the men whose learning and integrity have brought prestige to the Everett bar, none enjoys a higher reputation than does Judge Ralph C. Bell, for fourteen years a distinguished member of the superior court of the state and for over two decades a resident of this city. He was born March 1, 1879, in Kalamazoo county, Michigan, and his parents, Lewis P. and Alice (Layaway) Bell, have passed away. His mother was born in the state of New Yo:k and the father was a native of England. They were among the early settlers of Michigan, and Lewis P. Bell was engaged in merchandising for many years. Judge Bell completed his education in the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in 1901 with the degree of LL.B., and in March, 1903, he opened an office in Everett, Washington, where he has since made his home. He soon demonstrated his ability to cope with the intricacies of the law and successfully handled many important cases. In 1908 he was the popular choice for the office of prosecuting attorney, which he filled acceptably for two terms. He took his seat on the bench of the superior court in 1912 and successive reelections have continued him in the office. His decisions indicate strong mentality, careful analysis, a comprehensive grasp of the law and an unbiased judgmenL, and his course has received unqualified indorsement. On June 20, 1906, Judge Bell married Miss Vesta A. Armstrong, of Owosso, Michigan, and to this union has been born a son, Lewis Armstrong. Judge Bell is an adherent of the republican party and his fraternal affiliations are with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. A man of broad sympathies, dominated at all times by high principles and a keen sense of duty, he has dignified the profession of his choice, and Everett is proud to number him among its citizens. H. D. COOLEY H. D. Cooley has made the practice of law his life work and for thirty-five years his name has figured prominently in legal circles of Everett, which numbers him among its most loyal citizens. He was born April 26, 1862, in Green county, Wisconsin, and his parents, William B. and Mary A. (Bussey) Cooley, were among the early settlers of that state. His father was a native of New York and the mother's birth occurred in Indiana. Mr. Cooley was reared on the home farm and attended the public schools of Green county. He was graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1883 and studied law in Eau Claire. He was admitted to the bar in 1885 and practiced in Wisconsin for six years. In 1891 he came to northwestern Washington and opened an office in Everett, where he has since followed his profession. He was first a member of the firm of Cooley & Horan, which afterward became Cooley, Horan & Mulvihill, and is now practicing alone. Experience and study have ripened his ability and the court records bear proof of his power as an attorney, showing that he has successfully handled much important litigation. He was the first city attorney of Everett, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 153 acting in that capacity for two terms, and was later elected prosecuting attorney of Snohomish county, which office he also filled for two terms in a most acceptable manner. In 1882 Mr. Cooley married Miss Kate Cross, of Wisconsin, and Herbert D., their only child, resides in Butte, Montana. He is connected with mining operations and has a wife and daughter. During the World war Mr. Cooley entered the ranks of the Y. M. C. A. workers and was sent to France, spending eight months abroad. He is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is keenly interested in politics and for two terms was chairman of the republican county central committee, working untiringly for the interests of the party. A man of high principles, Mr. Cooley has never betrayed a trust and his daily life records the esteem in which he is held. ESLIE Q. WALTON Eslie Q. Walton, one of Everett's leading manufacturers, is prominently identified with the lumber business and represents a family whose members have done much to extend the trade relations of the city and promote its industrial growth. A native of Kansas, he was born December 18, 1883, and was a boy of nine when his parents, P. T. and Emeline (Richardson) Walton, migrated to Oklahoma. His father was an astute financier and also a successful lumberman. E. Q. Walton attended the Missouri Military Academy at Mexico, Missouri, and after his education was completed learned the lumber business under the supervision of his father, with whom he was associated until the latter's death in 1908. In 1912 he came to Everett with his brother Clyde, with whom he formed a partnership. The local plant of the Walton Lumber Company was equipped to produce fifty thousand feet of lumber every ten hours, while its present capacity is five hundred thousand feet of lumber per ten hour day. Clyde Walton is president of the Walton Lumber Company, which operates a sawmill and a planing mill, employing several hundred men in these plants and in the logging camps. E. Q. Walton directs the business of the Walton Veneer Company, of which E. D. Walton is vice president, while Clyde Walton is secretary-treasurer. The veneer plant was built in 1923 and is one of the finest in the country. The company employs two hundred and twenty-five men, and its products, which are made of fir and spruce, are used for door panels, linings, backs of furniture, chair bottoms, trunks, floors, running boards, automobile bodies and all kinds of cabinet work. There is a heavy demand for the output, which is sold to manufacturers throughout the United States and in New Zealand, Australia and other foreign lands. The firm is unexcelled in the line in which it specializes and the success of the undertaking is due chiefly to its executive head, who has closely supervised every detail of the industry, fostering its growth by deeply matured plans and strict adherence to high standards of production. In 1907 Mr. Walton married Miss Mary Edith Kersey, of St. Louis, Missouri, and to this union has been born a son, Richard. Mr. Walton is an Elk, and in Masonry he has taken the thirty-second degree. He belongs to the Country and Cascade Clubs of Everett and is a republican in his political convictions. He is endowed with the qualities of leadership, and the strength that he manifests in business affairs has its root in upright, honorable manhood. P. H. OLWELL The Pacific northwest offers many opportunities for advancement to the man of enterprise, ability and determination, and recognizing this fact, P. H. Olwell has made the most of his advantages. He has made a life study of the lumber industry and the keenness of his intellect and force of his personality have brought him to the fore in business circles of Everett. A native of Wisconsin, he was born in 1880, and his parents, P. 14 and Sarah Olwell, are both deceased. He was reared on his father's farm, attending the public schools of the locality. He received his higher education at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and was graduated from Marquette University with the class of 1900. Going to Kentucky, he entered the employ of the Center Lumber Company, and in 1905 he started for Washington. He spent two years with the Siler Mill Company at Raymond and in 1907 came to Everett. In association with W. H. Proctor he entered the wholesale lumber business and his partner later withdrew from the undertaking, selling his stock to L. D. Car'penter. The Carpenter-Olwell Lumber Company was then formed and the business was continued under that style until 1914, when the partnership was dissolved. Mr. Olwell has since been manager of the business of the Jamison Lumber & Shingle Company 154 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and his expert services have constituted a vital force in the upbuilding of an industry which has made the name of Everett known throughout the country as a manufacturing center. In 1909 Mr. OIwell married Miss Jessie V. Thomas, of Louisville, Kentucky, and they have two children, Lee and Lawrence, twins, aged sixteen years. Mr. Olwell is a faithful communicant of the Catholic church and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is connected with the Knights of Columbus and in 1925 was honored with the presidency of the local Rotary Club. He also belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club. He is devoted to the interests in his charge and champions every movement destined to prove of real benefit to his community, in which he is highly esteemed. HENRY K. LUM, M.D. On the list of the respected and successful professional men of Snohomish county, no name occupied a higher place than that of the late Dr. Henry K. Lum, whose death, on February 15, 1926, was deeply regretted by the entire community. Standing as he did at the head of one of the most exacting of professions, he was indeed a useful worker in the world's work, a man of well rounded character, sincere, devoted and loyal, and he eminently deserved the exalted place which he held in public esteem. Dr. Lum was born in the state of Massachusetts in 1862 and was a son of Samuel Young and Carrie (Keep) Lum, natives of London, England. He received his elementary education in the public schools and then entered Oberlin College, Ohio, also attending an agricultural school. He then matriculated in the medical school of the University of Michigan, where he was graduated in 1885 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He engaged in the practice of his profession in Michigan, where he remained until 1900, when he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, practicing here for four years in association with Dr. Mc-Eachron. From 1904 to 1908 he was at Monroe, during which period there was only one other physician there. It was in the early history of that town, when things were very primitive in the way of public facilities and improvements. In 1908 Dr. Lum went to Kansas and engaged in the practice there until 1913, when he located in eastern Washington, remaining there until 1917, when he removed to Sultan, but in 1919 returned to Monroe, which was his home and the scene of his labors until death. Dr. Lum was a man of unquestioned medical skill and in every community in which he lived he commanded the respect and admiration of his fellowmen. Dr. Lum was married in Colfax, Washington, in 1913, to Miss Camilla Webb, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Andrew and Karen (Sather) Webb, also natives of Norway. Her father is deceased and her mother lives in Everett, Washington. Mrs. Lum came to the United States in 1880, at the age of one year, her family locating in Wisconsin, where she lived until 1899, when she came to Lowell, Washington. She attended the public schools of Wisconsin, and then took a course in nursing, graduating from the Everett Hospital in 1907 and practicing her profession up to the time of her marriage. Mrs. Lum is one of a family of seven children, namely ; William, of Swan Trail ; P. P., of Everett ; Camilla, now Mrs. Lum; 0. T., an attorney at Everett ; A. H., of Swan Trail ; Mrs. Mamie Harris, of Everett; and Dolly, who died in 1921. All of the girls in this family became trained nurses. By a previous marriage Dr. Lum is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Naomi (Lum) Jordan, of Seattle. During the World war Dr. Lum was president of the Red Cross chapter at Sultan, and Mrs. Lum was secretary of the chapter. The Doctor was a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Daughters of Rebekah and the Order of the Eastern Star, of which he was a past worthy patron. Mrs. Lum is a past worthy matron of the Order of the Eastern Star and past noble grand of the Daughters of Rebekah. Dr. Lum and Ray Green were the originators and promoters of the Lake Roesiger project, which is about nine miles from Snohomish, by way of Machias, and which has, besides the lake, splendid cottages, the best of fishing, camping, boating and bathing facilities, and is fast becoming one of the most popular recreational spots in this part of the state. Dr. Lum was essentially a home man, finding there his greatest joy and pleasure, and he was never happier than when with his flowers, of which he was passionately fond. At the time of his death Dr. Lum was physician at the State Reformatory at Monroe. He was a man of superior native and acquired ability, his judgment being held as authoritative by his professional colleagues. Yet he was a plain, unassuming gentleman, utterly without pretense, caring only that his work was well done, and that through his care and skill the sick might be restored to health and happiness, his life being characterized by the most profound human sympathy. His own com- DR. HENRY K. LUM HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY 157 munity honored him greatly, for he was a champion of civic and social progress, cooperating at all times in the advancement of measures calculated to better the general welfare. Because of his life and achievements his memory is revered by all who knew him and of his work. OSCAR A. TORGERSON Oscar A. Torgerson, who represents the Security National Bank in an official capacity, has long been identified with financial affairs and by virtue of his experience and ability is well qualified for the responsibilities devolving upon him. He was born May 22, 1884, and is a native of Minnesota. He received a public school education and was afterward engaged in office work. In 1907, when a young man of twenty-three years, he started for Washington and for two years was a resident of Aberdeen. In 1909 he entered the Security State Bank at Chehalis, of which he was later assistant cashier, and in 1915 was appointed secretary of the state board of control. He next entered the Scandinavian Bank of Seattle and later was connected with banking activities in Yakima, where he remained until 1922. Mr. Torgerson then came to Everett as assistant cashier of the Security National Bank and on September 1, 1925, was made its cashier. He is one of the popular and efficient officials of the institution and utilizes every precaution to safeguard the funds intrusted to his care. Mr. Torgerson is a Scottish Rite Mason and is also connected with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is president of the Mountaineers Club and also belongs to the Lions Club. He owes allegiance to no party and votes for the candidate whom he considers best equipped for office. He is loyal to every cause which he espouses and faithful to every duty, and Everett regards him as a valuable addition to its citizenship. HENRY McGUIRE Upon the roll of representative citizens of Snohomish county appears the name of the late Henry McGuire, whose death, on November 6, 1910, was considered a distinct loss to his community. He spent many years here and gradually won his way into the affections of the people through his genial address, his obliging and charitable nature and his unswerving honesty. He was a public-spirited man, his support being given to all movements for the promotion of the public welfare and the progress of the county, and his name is eminently worthy of perpetuation. Mr. McGuire was born in Johnson county, Iowa, in 1862, and was of Irish antecedents, both of his parents having been born in that country. He spent his boyhood days in his native state and attended the public schools there. He then went to Peoria, Illinois, where he remained for a time, but eventually returned to Iowa. About 1886 he went to the Dakotas, where he located on a homestead, to the farming of which he devoted himself for five years. In 1890 he came to Washington and located in Seattle, where he did teaming for a short time, when he went to Port Townsend, where he remained about eighteen months, going at the end of that time to Everett, where there was a nail mill and a paper plant. He was employed in both of these mills and was injured in the nail mill, so that he gave up that line of work, and again engaged in teaming. Some time later he leased a farm for six years, and then bought a farm from Mrs. Clemens. To this farm he closely devoted his attention during the remaining active years of his life and made of it a very productive and profitable ranch. It comprises one hundred and forty-seven acres, about one hundred and fifteen acres of which are cleared and in cultivation. He made many permanent and substantial improvements on the place, exercised sound judgment and excellent discrimination in its operation and developed it into one of the most valuable and desirable farms in that locality. A fter his death his widow bought a berry farm of seventeen acres, which she now leases, while a son lives on the home place. While living on the home farm they specialized largely in dairying, keeping a nice herd of milk cows, for which they raised all their own feed and had excellent pasturage. On February 22, 1885, in Iowa, Mr. McGuire was married to Miss Sarah Cain, who was born in County Mayo, Ireland, in 1858. In her early childhood she accompanied her parents on their emigration to the United States. They located first in New York, whence they went to Pennsylvania, remaining for a short time, and then located in Iowa, where the father bought a farm and established his permanent home. There Mrs. McGuire spent her girlhood days, securing her education in the public schools of that locality. To Mr. and Mrs. McGuire were born eight children, namely : Henry William, deceased ; Frances Ann, deceased ; Mrs. Mary Josephine Missieh, who lives on a farm in Snohomish county and is the mother of three chil- 158 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY dren ; Sidney Agnes, deceased ; Frank Jerome, who lives on his mother's home farm; Bessie, who is a teacher in the public schools of Pasadena, California ; Mrs. Dorothy McGinnis, of Snohomish, who is the mother of one child ; and Catherine, who is teaching in the public schools of Snohomish. Frank is a veteran of the World war, having been in training at the University of Washington, after which he was sent overseas and saw two years of active service. Frances also had an active part in war work, having served as a Red Cross nurse. The family are all communicants of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. McGuire was a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Knights of Columbus. He was a man of splendid qualities and possessed a forceful personality. He had no personal enemies, for the simplicity and cordiality of his nature and manners invited friendship and forbade enmity. He was an affectionate and faithful father, and his children have cause to honor him and revere his memory. V. W. FELL V. W. Fell, a member of one of the old and prominent families of the state, typifies western enterprise and determination, and although young in years he has advanced far on the highroad which leads to success, taking his place with the able officials of the Security National Bank of Everett. He was born November 29, 1887, in Tacoma, Washington, and comes of pioneer stock, being a grandson of George Townsend Waller, who undertook the long and perilous journey to Oregon in 1847 in company with those hardy and courageous men who aided in making that region habitable. The father, Marshall Fell, settled in Tacoma, Washington, in 1877, during the formative period in the history of that city, and was long associated with Franklin K. Lane in the newspaper business. He married Miss Emma Waller, who was born in Oregon and who since her husband's death has resided in Everett, making her home with the subject of this sketch. V. W. Fell attended the grammar and high schools of his native city and after his education was finished obtained a position in the Tacoma branch of the Bank of California. He was next associated with the Burroughs Adding Machine Company and became a star salesman. He was promoted to the position of agency manager and acted in that capacity until 1918, when he enlisted in the Coast Artillery Corps, and served until the close of the World war. After his release from military duty he reentered the employ of the Burroughs company and was sent to Baltimore, Maryland, to install their machiqes in hanks. Altogether he spent ten years with that corporation and then went to Cincinnati, Ohio, as district manager of the Postage Meter Company. Mr. Fell came to Everett in 1924 and has since been vice president of the Security National Bank, in charge of publicity work. He is nationally known as a bank advertising man and gives to the institution the services of an expert. W. Neal Winter is president of the bank, which has been in operation for about five years and during this period has enjoyed a remarkable growth, ranking with the largest and strongest moneyed institutions of northwestern Washington. Mr. Fell is without party bias and casts his vote for the candidate whom he deems best fitted for office. He is a Rotarian, being a charter member of the club, and also belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion. He is a young man of keen intelligence, progressive spirit, energetic nature and strict integrity, and these characteristics constitute the foundation upon which has been reared the fair fabric of his successful career. THEODORE H. BOWDEN Men of *efficiency and high character are the type of workers the business, industrial and financial worlds of today are eagerly seeking, and in this classification belongs Theodore H. Bowden, one of the officials of the Security National Bank and a prominent citizen of Everett. He was born December 12, 1877, in Covington, Georgia. In 1893, when fifteen years of age, he journeyed west and settled in Miles City, Montana, where he obtained his initial experience along financial lines, securing a position as clerk in a bank. He was conscientious and dependable and soon won promotion. He readily grasped the details of modern finance, and in 1904 he came to Everett as assistant cashier of the American National Bank, afterward filling a similar position in the First National Bank. In 1915 he entered the Metropolitan National Bank of Seattle in the capacity of assistant cashier and in 1918 returned to Everett as secretary and treasurer of the Sumner Iron Works. He was connected with that industry until 1920, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 159 when he tendered his resignation and aided in organizing the Security National Bank, which was established on July 1 of that year, not alone for profit to its stockholders but for the purpose of rendering real service to the community. This is a home institution and the management is using its power and influence to the fullest extent, consistent with sound banking practice, toward the upbuilding of agriculture, industry and commerce. The business is conducted in the only building in Everett devoted exclusively to banking. It is a one story structure forty by one hundred feet in dimensions and is situated at 2927 Colby street. The building contains safety deposit vaults and all the appliances of the modern bank. Bond, trust, savings and real estate loan departments have been established, and since 1922 the bank has handled the savings of school children. It is a member of the Federal Reserve System and is capitalized at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. According to the statement of June 30, 1921, the deposits were approximately five hundred and eighty-eight thousand, two hundred and four dollars, and that of September 28, 1925, showed deposits of one million, four hundred and eighteen thousand, six hundred and fifty-four dollars—an increase of one hundred and forty-one per cent in four years. This is a notable record and proves the wisdom of the policy adopted by the men who control the destiny of the institution. The present officers are W. Neal Winter, president ; Frank C. Sheraton, vice preSident ; Theodore H. Bowden, vice president and manager ; Virgil W. Fell, vice president ; 0. A. Torgerson, cashier ; Leo A. Wilson, assistant cashier ; and Charles NV. Butler, trust officer. The board of directors is composed of Theodore H. Bowden, William C. Cox, Charles W. Haines, Even A. Hevly, Philip Hingston, Fred C. Schoch, Hugh W. Sessoms, Frank C. Sheraton, Harry 0. Siler, Clayton M. Williams and W. Neal Winter, all of whom are men of proven worth and integrity. Mr. Bowden has been vice president and manager of the bank throughout the period of its existence, and his well directed labors have been essential to its development. He assisted in reorganizing the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and has been a leading spirit in all projects for the upbuilding of this district. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and a past exalted ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Rotary Club of Everett and in politics is nonpartisan, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of first importance. He is married and has a family of three sons. The eldest is married and the others are attending the public schools. Mr. Bowden is an astute financier and occupies a central place on the stage of activity in Everett. E. C. OLSON One of the largest and strongest moneyed institutions of northwestern Washington is the Bank of Commerce, with a record of twenty-five years of valuable service to the citizens of Everett, and its activities are capably directed by E. C. Olson, who for two decades has been identified with the business in an official capacity. He was born May 16, 1881, in Wisconsin, and is a son of Carsten and Ellen Olson. The public schools of Wisconsin afforded E. C. Olson his early educational advantages, and he afterward attended St. Olaf's College of Minnesota. He completed his studies in Valparaiso University of Indiana, May 17, 1901, and later was made assistant cashier of the Citizens State Bank at Stanley, Wisconsin. In 1905 he came to Everett, Washington, as assistant cashier of the Bank of Commerce, and his talents have since been devoted to the interests of the institution. The bank was opened September 1, 1900, at the corner of Hewitt and Pine streets and was started with a capital of twenty-five thousand dollars. The first officers were William R. Stockbridge, president ; Peter Legne, vice president ; B. J. Rucker, secretary ; W. G. Swalwell, trustee, and W. C. Brokaw, trustee. In February, 1905, the bank paid a dividend of thirty-three and one-third per cent and in February, 1906, another dividend of thirty-three and a third per cent was distributed among the stockholders. In April, 1906, the capital stock was increased to one hundred thousand dollars and in May of that year A. Chilberg and H. C. Anderson became vice presidents of the bank. NV. R. Stockbridge remained the president and J. L. Lyen was elected cashier. Among the directors were B. J. Rucker, W. P. Bell and E. M. Metzger. In 1910 Daniel Kelleher, of Seattle, and his associates purchased the interests of W. R. Stockbridge, whom Mr. Kelleher succeeded as president. Elmer E. Johnston was chosen vice president and J. L. Lyen continued to act as cashier until February, 1911, when he resigned. His place was taken by E. C. Olson, and in 1912 the other directors were Daniel Kelleher, Dr. P. M. Walker, 0. H. Gunhus, Elmer E. Johnston, Joseph Coleman and E. W. Andrews. The same board was continued through 1913 and 1914, and in 1915 W. S. Peachy became.a director. The death of Elmer E. Johnston occurred in 1916 and W. S. Peachy was then made vice 160 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY president. In 1917 the name of P. B. Truax was added to the board of directors, which was unchanged until 1919, when M r. Coleman withdrew from that body and the vacancy was filled by J. W. Spangler. In 1920 there was another change in the personnel of the board, occasioned by the death of Mr. Peachy, and J. H. Newberger was then elected a director. The board remained the same until January, 1924, when George S. Aldrich and E. C. Olson purchased the stock held by Mr. Kelleher and his associates, and the citizens of Everett thus gained the controlling interest in the institution. Mr. Olson succeeded Mr. Kelleher in the office of president in 1924 and is successfully administering the affairs of the bank. With a comprehensive understanding of the complex details of modern finance, he has labored effectively to broaden the scope of the institution, whose methods are founded on a broad policy of cooperation. George S. Aldrich is vice president and E. E. Searles is serving as cashier. The directors of the bank are A. H. Gunderson, H. L. Dean, Clifford Newton, E. C. Olson and George S. Aldrich and the board was the same in 1925. The bank applied for admission to the Federal Reserve System in June, 1918, and its equipment includes every appliance necessary for the conduct of the up-to-date moneyed institution. In 1910 the bank was established in its present home, a substantial building, forty-eight by ninety-five feet in dimensions. It is supplied with modern vaults and is situated at the corner of Hewitt and Rockefeller streets. The Pine street establishment in this city is under the direction of J. M. Weister and a branch is also maintained at Coupeville, Washington, managed by C. A. Craft. The growth of the bank is indicated by the steady increase in its deposits, which were approximately five hundred and forty-seven thousand dollars for 1907 ; nine hundred and thirty-nine thousand, seven hundred dollars for 1917 ; and one million, four hundred and seventy-three thousand, six hundred and fifty dollars for the year ending March 10, 1922. According to the statement of April 1, 1926, they amounted to one million nine hundred thousand dollars, and the capital was increased to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars by declaring a fifty per cent dividend. The bank now has over sixty-five hundred savings and commercial accounts, conducting a business of extensive proportions. On September 14, 1910, Mr. Olson married Miss N. Lilian Olson, at that time a resident of Seattle, Washington, but formerly of Minnesota, and they have one child, Audrey Beatrice, aged thirteen years. Mr. Olson is a thirty-second degree Mason and belongs to Rose Croix Chapter of the Scottish Rite. He is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is one of the Sons of Norway and is a director of the local Kiwanis Club, of which he is also treasurer. He belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Chamber of Commerce and in politics is a republican. Like most successful men in the business world of today, Mr. Olson has risen through merit alone, and his associates have the utmost confidence in his integrity and judgment. H. W. STUCHELL The lumber industry is one of the chief sources of Everett's growth and prosperity and the name of H. W. Stuchell is closely associated with the history of its development, for he has long been recognized as one of the foremost representatives of the business in this section of the state. A native of Pennsylvania, he was born in 1862 and received his education in the east. In 1885, when a young man of twenty-three years, he journeyed to the Pacific coast and at Santa Ana, California, engaged in the manufacture of sash and doors. In 1889 he came to Washington, spending a brief period in Tacoma, and in the same year located in Centralia, where he built a sawmill. Later he engaged in merchandising in Centralia and in 1903 allied his interests with those of Everett, where he has since made his home. On December 15 of that year he joined W. I. Carpenter in purchasing from the firm of Gould, Keen & Wright the business of the Eclipse Lumber Company, which had been established in 1899 and has always been located at the foot of Thirty-third street, on the river front. The business was incorporated in 1903 and has since been conducted under the name of the Eclipse Mill Company, of which W. I. Carpenter is the president, while Mr. Stuchell acts as secretary and manager. The plant was started with a daily capacity of forty-thousand feet of lumber and three hundred and fifty thousand shingles. It has been enlarged from time to time and is now equipped to cut two hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber per day of eight hours. The company has transformed the mill into a model institution, of which seventy per cent has been electrified. The plant has spur connections with three transcontinental lines, and its own river docks for barges afford excellent shipping facilities. The firm manufactures all grades of fir lumber, selling its output to wholesalers on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and has also established trade relations with Japan, Australia and many other countries. The men who HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 161 control the enterprise have adopted a policy of honorable, straightforward dealing which commends itself to public confidence and support, and their combined efforts have resulted in the development of an extensive industry, which furnishes work to more than two hundred and seventy-five employes. On June 12, 1887, Mr. Stuchell married Miss Mary Hughes, and four children were born of their union : Lester, who acts as sales manager for the Eclipse Mill Company ; Helen, the wife of Dean Carpenter, of Everett; Edwin, who is also connected with the business, filling the position of mill superintendent ; and Edna, who is the wife of Glenn Carpenter, of Minneapolis, Minnesota. A Scottish and York Rite Mason, Mr. Stuchell has attained the thirty-second degree in the order and is a Shriner. He is likewise connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Cascade Club, the Everett Golf and Country Club and the Rainier Club of Seattle. He is an adherent of the republican party and stands for all that is progressive in citizenship, filling an important place in the life of his community. PUGET SOUND TELEPHONE COMPANY One of the most important public utilities of northwestern Washington is the Puget Sound Telephone Company, which has a record of ten years of successful service. It is an outgrowth of the Independent Telephone Company and the Sunset Telephone Company, the latter of which was controlled by the Bell interests. The consolidation was effected in 1916 by William N. Winter, Sr., and the new organization was started with about eight thousand subscribers, while it now serves fifteen thousand four hundred patrons. The company has two hundred and sixty employes and covers all local service between Seattle and Bellingham. It has one thousand miles of pole lines, ten thousand miles of aerial wire and six thousand miles of underground wire cable. Improvements are constantly being made in the equipment and the service is maintained at a high standard. Exchanges are operated at Alderwood Manor, Anacortes, Arlington, Burlington, Coupeville, Darrington, Duvall, Edison, Granite Falls, Marysville, Monroe, Mount Vernon, Oak Harbor, Sedro Woolley, Snohomish, Stanwood, Sultan and Everett, Washington. The general offices of the company are at Everett. J. M. Winslow was the first secretary of the company. and later N. T. Winter succeeded to the office, which since 1922 has been filled by Henry Coburn Allen, who also acts as commercial superintendent. Since the organization of the company C. M. Twelves has been vice president and treasurer, and he is also superintendent of plant. For ten years W. N. Winter has been president of the corporation, and he is also discharging the duties of general manager. He has thoroughly systematized the business, which is operated with marked efficiency, and its rapid development is largely attributable to his technical skill and progressive policy. FRANK L. COOPER Frank L. Cooper, formerly a member of the Everett bar, is now devoting his attention to financial affairs and is one of the executives of the Citizens Bank & Trust Company. He was born in 1889 and is a native of Washington, Illinois. He attended the public schools of that state and in 1909 received the A. B. degree from Northwestern University of Evanston, Illinois. He was graduated from the Harvard Law School in 1912 and in the same year came to Washington, locating in Everett, and practiced for five years. For ten years he has been connected with the Citizens Bank & Trust Company, which was opened January 2, 1913, as a state bank with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars, which amount has remained unchanged. B. P. Castner was the first president and his associates were Jacob Anthes, vice president, and J. L. Lyen, cashier. Among the directors were Dr. J. A. Durrant, R. E. Orne, Arthur S. Gay, Dr. N. L. Thompson, W. G. Hodge, Olof Carlson and S. K. Painter. Throughout its existence the bank has conducted business at the same location. Since 1916 Dr. N. L. Thompson has wisely guided its destiny, and Olof Carlson has been one of the vice presidents since 1916. Mr. Cooper was elected vice president and cashier in 1917. Mr. Metz has served as vice president since 1920, coming to this bank from the Pullman State Bank, where he served as cashier for three years. The present directors are N. L. Thompson, W. P. Bell, Olof Carlson, A. R. Metz, Frank L. Cooper and W. R. Booth. The bank statement of September 28, 1925, showed deposits of approximately one million three hundred and sixty-four thousand seven hundred and seventy-five dollars and a surplus and undivided profits amounting to about twenty-four 162 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY thousand one hundred and sixty-four dollars. This is regarded as one of the strong and reliable financial institutions in northwestern Washington. It is a depository for the funds of the state of Washington, Snohomish county and the city of Everett. Mr. Cooper is married and has a family of four children. He is both a Knights Templar and a thirty-second degree Mason, and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, being one of the state officers of that order. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party. He is vice president of the Bank of Lake Stevens and the largest stockholder in the Granite Falls State Bank. Mr. Cooper is a young man and with his education and financial strength behind him should be able to accomplish a great deal. OTTO EMIL SCHWARZMILLER No farm in Snohomish county has a more enviable reputation than "Sleepy Hollow Farm," which is being operated by Otto Emil Schwarzmiller, who is widely and favorably known because of his splendid success as a breeder and raiser of pure bred cattle and hogs. Along this line of effort he is performing a distinct service for the community, for it is now generally conceded by all thinking and progressive farmers that the chances for ultimate success are much greater with thoroughbred stock than with inferior grades. Mr. Schwarzmiller was born in Clyde, Missouri, July 26, 1892, and is a son of E. R. A. and Cecelia (Thompson) Schwarz-miller. The parents brought their family to Snohomish county in 1901 and in the following year the father bought one hundred and fifty-two acres of land northeast of Hartford. This was mostly wild land, but he labored earnestly and brought it to a high state of improvement. The mother died in 1909 and the father is now retired from active affairs, having turned the management of the farm over to our subject. The latter received a good public school education and had one year at the State Agricultural College at Pullman. On September 19, 1917, he enlisted for service in the World war, becoming a member of the Three Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment, Ninety-first Division. He was in a hospital six months and served until the close of the war, but was not sent overseas. He is now devoting his attention chiefly to the raising of registered Holstein and Guernsey cattle and pure bred Ohio Improved Chester hogs, and has been eminently successful in this line of effort, finding a ready market at satisfactory prices for all the stock that he offers for sale. In 1920 Mr. Schwarzmiller was united in marriage to Miss Frieda C. Miller, who is a native of Wisconsin, and they are the parents of three children, Tuver, Herbert and David. Mr. Schwarzmiller is a member of the 0. I. C. Swine Breeders Association. Politically he gives his support to the republican party and has served for four years as a member of the local school board. He is progressive and up-to-date in his methods, doing thoroughly whatever he undertakes. DANIEL CURRIE Daniel Currie, a pioneer realtor of Everett, has done much important work as a city builder and is well known throughout northwestern Washington, in which he has resided for a period of forty-three years, coming to this region in territorial days. He was born on Prince Edward Island, November 11, 1861, and his parents, Donald and Hannah (Campbell) Currie, were natives of Scotland. They went to Canada as children and Donald Currie was among the pioneer settlers of Prince Edward Island, on which he spent the remainder of his life, devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits. Death summoned him in 1878, when he was fifty-seven years of age, and his widow long survived him, passing away in 1912, at the venerable age of eighty-seven years. In their family were four children : James and Flora, who still live on Prince Edward Island ; John, who resides near Sacramento, California; and Daniel. Daniel Currie received a public school education and aided his father with the farm work, acquiring habits of industry and thrift and at the same time developing a strong physique. He remained at home until he reached the age of nineteen years and was afterward employed on farms in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. He left New England in 1882 and started for the Pacific coast, spending a year in California. He arrived in Snohomish county, March 17, 1883, and for several years worked in the lumber camps of Washington. In 1892 he was appointed deputy sheriff of Snohomish county, acting in that capacity for four years, and in 1896 was elected to the office of sheriff. He served acceptably for one term and during that time the county seat was moved from Snohomish to Everett. In 1899 he entered the real estate field, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 163 becoming head of the business of Currie & Stanford, Inc., with offices in Everett, and has been very successful in his undertakings. He platted Currie's addition and in development projects he not only studies present needs and conditions but looks beyond the exigencies of the moment to the opportunities and possibilities of the future. He is an expert valuator and has made the name of Currie synonymous with safety in real estate investment. He is usually consulted when important deals in local property are under consideration and is also conducting a large business in insurance and loans. On December 31, 1894, Mr. Currie was married in Snohomish to Miss Clara E. Burroughs, a native of Wisconsin, and they have become the parents of two sons. Donald C., the elder, was born at Everett in 1898. He married Gladys Wintermute, of Seattle, Washington, and is associated with his father in business. Robert B., born in 1900, married Evadne Hansen, of Everett. He has been with an oil company for several years. Mr. Currie is allied with the democratic party, and his fraternal relations are with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the lodge and encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He belongs to the Cascade and Everett Golf and Country Clubs, of which he is a charter member, and has been president of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, of which he is now a director. He was a moving spirit in the project for the building of the new Hotel Monte Cristo and loses no opportunity to exploit the resources and advantages of the city, which has received direct benefit from his constructive labors. He has an intimate knowledge of Everett's history, for he has witnessed every stage of its development, and his public spirit, generous nature and many admirable qualities have won him a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF EVERETT The First National Bank of Everett, on moving into its handsome new building in February, 1925, issued an attractive booklet entitled "Thirty-three Years of Progress." The interesting facts given below have been culled from` its pages. In the early '90s a change swept over the peninsula lying between the Snohomish river and Port Gardner bay that, from the viewpoint of thirty-five years later, appears to have been dramatic in the extreme : In 1890 a typical Puget Sound forest—less than two years later the forest swept away and in its place streets, homes and business houses. The thrilling news that the railroad was coming had changed the wilderness into a thriving, bustling city, pulsing with the energy of a frontier community that had reason to believe it was destined to enjoy a great and prosperous future. It was in those pioneer days of the early '90s-1892, to be exact—that the First National Bank was organized and became a factor in the business community of Everett. It is a far cry from 1892 and the small frame building in which the First National Bank opened for business on Riverside, to the beautiful and commodious new quarters in the First National Bank building to which the business of the bank was moved in the month of February, 1925. About the same time that the First National Bank opened its doors to the public early in 1892, Mr. Hewitt organized the Everett National Bank. In that same year William C. Butler came to Everett as manager of the Puget Sound Reduction Company smelter, and shortly thereafter acquired an interest in the Everett National Bank. In January, 1901, the First National Bank was purchased by the Everett National and the banking business continued under the name of The First National Bank of Everett. The administration of the bank has continued since that time under the present management. In 1909 the American National Bank—organized in 1901 as the successor of the Rucker Bank, an earlier institution—was consolidated with The First National Bank. The institution has been privileged to have a bank's part in the development of the industrial and commercial enterprises of the community. Its policy has been to lend encouragement to whatever in a businss way, in the judgment of those responsible for the conduct of the bank, seemed, after investigation, sound, and to give promise of success. The bank, of course, has never knowingly itself aided, or encouraged others to become interested in, enterprises that investigation indicated to be unsound or not likely to succeed. Contact with the people and business affairs of this section has brought about in the bank an intimate knowledge of and an ever-growing interest in forestry resources, dairying, poultry and small fruit growing, and all the industries that follow production of these things. The steady increase in the deposits of The First National Bank is indicated in the following comparative table : 1910 $2,913,540.00 1911 2,567,000.00 164 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 1912 3,047,031.00 1913 2,926,916.00 1914 2,775,887.00 1915 3,215,569.00 1916 4,044,001.00 1917 4,515,817.00 1918 4,939,885.00 1919 6,954,465.00 1920 6,322,780.00 1921 6,463,779.00 1922 8,004,372.00 1923 8,692,942.00 1924 9,363,565.00 1925 10,310,152.00 "The growing pressure on our facilities for serving the public may, therefore, be readily appreciated, and in order that our standard of efficiency be maintained, the First National Bank building, five stories and basement, occupying space sixty-three by ninety-three feet on the southeast corner of Hewitt and Colby avenues, has been remodeled to meet these needs. The first floor, together with the mezzanine and basement, are devoted to the bank's uses. The bank entrance, serving as well by elevator and stairs the upper floors of the building and the safe deposit vaults in the basement, is on Hewitt avenue. The entrance lobby and stairway are finished in Tennessee marble. Access to the counting room is through a second pair of bronze doors. In this room the counters and supporting columns are of French marble (Hauteville), with Tennessee and Belgian marbles for the floor pattern. The cages are arranged on three sides of the room, with accommodations for the bank's officers on the right as the room is entered, and a ladies' waiting room on the left. The counters and grills forming the tellers' cages are of marble, bronze and glass. The work desks and cabinets in the cages are of steel, with linoleum desk surfaces. The central feature of the room is a marble stair giving public access to the safe deposit vaults. The protection around the stairway, the top of which is developed for use as a customers' check desk, is of Tennessee marble. In the rear of the main banking room, but separated therefrom by a partition, is space for the bank's bookkeeping force. From this room stairs lead up to the mezzanine floor, devoted to the accounting department ; and stairs and a service elevator to the basement provide means for reaching the filing vaults and the bank's cash and security vault, protected by a burglar-proof door. The cash and security vault is of heavy construction, the walls being of concrete, steel reinforced, with burglar-proof door, and, like the safe deposit vaults, protected by electrical alarm devices. The filing vaults are especially roomy, the main filing vault being twenty-two by thirty feet. The vaults are all equipped with steel filing fixtures. The safe deposit vaults, built in 1923, are protected not only by heavy steel reinforced concrete walls and a circular burglar-proof door of most modern construction, but are also equipped with an electrical burglar alarm system. The effectiveness of the protective devices is attested by an extremely low burglary insurance rate fixed by the insurance companies, enabling the bank to carry, as it does, for the protection of box renters, a million dollars of such insurance. Coupon booths of the customary design, equipment and protection, have been provided for safe deposit patrons. An additional feature is a consultation room, suitably furnished and capable of accommodating several persons, to which the members of a firm, or administrators of an estate, may take legal documents or securities for checking, without leaving the safe deposit department. * * * The First National Bank of Everett serves some thirteen thousand people as its depositors, and thousands more who have occasional reasons for visiting the bank. It is the ambition of the bank—that is to say, the ambition of its stockholders, directors, officers and employes—to give to the people of Everett and vicinity the most up-to-date and efficient banking service that can be developed. That is the reason for its increased capital effected a year ago, the reason for the new and larger quarters, the reason for the continual study and care to perform its banking functions as perfectly as possible, and to these purposes those responsible for the conduct and management of the bank's affairs will contribute their best efforts." The official personnel of The First National Bank of Everett is as follows : William C. Butler, president ; William Howarth, vice president ; Robert Moody, vice president ; L. L. Crosby, vice president ; J. A. Norway, cashier ; H. D. Sloan, assistant cashier ; J. H. Maulsby, assistant cashier ; and H. F. Carleton, assistant cashier. The members of the board of directors are : William C. Butler (president), H. J. Clough (Clark-Nickerson Lumber Company), L. L. Crosby (vice president), J. A. Coleman (attorney), William Howarth (Everett Pulp & Paper Company), W. Glenn Hulbert (William Hulbert Mill Company), J. E. Horan (attorney), N. C. Jamison (Jamison Lumber & Shingle Company), A. H. B. Jordan (Everett Pulp HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 165 & Paper Company), Robert Moody (vice president), J. A. Norway (cashier), W. J. Pilz (Everett Pulp & Paper Company), and Clyde Walton (Walton Lumber Company). The statement of the condition of The First National Bank of Everett at the close of business December 31, 1925, showed capital of five hundred thousand dollars, surplus and profits of one hundred and four thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight dollars and fifty-six cents, deposits of ten million, three hundred and ten thousand, one hundred and fifty-two dollars and twenty-one cents, and total resources of eleven million, thirty-one thousand, seven hundred and seven dollars and thirty-eight cents. The Everett Trust & Savings Bank is owned by the same stockholders and is under the. same management as The First National Bank of Everett. CHARLES FREDERICK SCOTNEY A review of the life of the late Charles Frederick Scotney must of necessity be brief and general in its character. To enter fully into the details of his career, touching upon the struggles of his early manhood and the successes of his later years, when he ranked among the leading business men of Snohomish, would far exceed the limits of this article. He filled a large place in the ranks of the enterprising and public-spirited men of his day and generation, and the memories which attach to his name and character form a part of the history of his locality. He did his part nobly and well, and he is held in grateful remembrance by all who knew him. Mr. Scotney was born in 1838 in the state of Maine, from which state have come so many of the men who have participated in the upbuilding and development of Snohomish county, and he came of sterling old stock, his father having been a veteran of the Civil war. He attended the district school of his home locality and at the age of fifteen years started out to make his own way in the world, going to Minnesota. After being employed at various vocations there for a number of years, he made the long trip to California by sailing vessel around Cape Horn. He remained in the Golden state a number of years, being employed in getting out square timbers for mines, and then returned to his native state, where he was married, subsequently going to Boston, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. In the latter state he bought a home and remained there about four and a half years, during which period he was engaged in the lumber business. He then again went to Minnesota, where he remained about four years, being engaged in the lumber business until 1875, when he came to Snohomish, Washington, and here too went into the lumber business, contracting to get out material for the building of ships. He was eminently qualified for this work, for he was an expert on timber, and he met with splendid and well deserved success in that line of effort, in which he continued up to the time of his death in 1900. Mr. Scotney was married to Miss Catherine Smith, who was born and reared in Maine, and they became the parents of the following children: Mrs. Florence Knapp, deceased; Mrs. Gertrude Warner, deceased, who was the mother of one child, Lorena, who also is deceased ; Mrs. Minnie B. Evans, of Snohomish, who has four children—Charles, Frankie, Catherine and Margaret ; Mrs. Lillian M. Busby, who lives at Gold Bar, this county and is the mother of two children, La Vallie and William, who died at the age of twenty-four, in February, 1926 ; and Albert, Junius, Clyde and Charles, who are deceased. Mrs. Scotney has been a member of the Ladies of the Maccabees for thirty years. She is kindly and hospitable and has a large circle of warm and devoted friends. Mr. Scotney gave his support to the republican party and took a good citizen's interest in public affairs, particularly such as related in any way to the prosperity and welfare of his own community. He was a man of great force of character and was usually found in the lead when any movement was on foot for the betterment of his city and county. The record he left will long be an inspiration to his descendants and those who knew him. Snohomish county has never had a worthier name on her roll of honorable citizenship. WILLIAM J. PAYNE An honorable retirement from labor in which to enjoy the fruits of former toil is the fitting reward of a useful and active career, in which through keen discernment, indefatigable labor and honorable methods one has advanced steadily toward the goal of success. Such, briefly stated, is the record of William J. Payne, who after a varied and interesting career is now living retired in his comfortable and attractive home in Everett. He ranks as one of the representative citizens of Snohomish county, having so managed his affairs as to acquire a position 166 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY among the substantial residents of his locality, whose interests he has long had at heart. Mr. Payne is a native of New Brunswick, Canada, born in 1865, and is a son of Robert and Mary (Kent) Payne, the former of whom was a native of New Brunswick, while the latter was born in England. The father was the scion of old Scottish stock, his parents having been natives of that country. He was a farmer by vocation and spent his entire life in New Brunswick, dying there at the age of ninety-four years. William J. Payne was reared to the life of a farmer and secured his education in the public schools of his home neighborhood. In 1888 he came to the Pacific coast states and for a number of years was employed in logging camps. In 1900 he preempted two timber claims in Oregon, on both of which he proved up, later selling one. The other he retained until 1923, when he sold it. In 1904 Mr. Payne went to work for the Brown & Ferguson Logging Company, being employed in scaling logs and keeping books. After that he scaled for the Wheeler-Osgood Company, near Granite Falls, remaining with that company until they had completed their operations in that locality, a period of about eleven months. For two or three years thereafter he compassed and cruised timber, and then went to work for the Ferry-Baker Lumber Company, for which he bought logs for four and a half years. He then bought twenty acres of land on the flats near Everett, which he cleared and put into cultivation. Here he made many permanent and substantial improvements, including a good set of farm buildings, the planting of a good orchard and a fine vegetable garden. He was eminently successful in the operation of this ranch, being a man of sound judgment and untiring energy. In 1921 he sold this property and moved to Everett, where he bought a very desirable residence property. In 1914 Mr. Payne was married to Miss Emma Aldridge, who is a native of Indiana, in which state also were born her parents, William and Maria (Robinson) Aldridge. Mr. Aldridge, who was descended from sterling old American stock, was a veteran of the Civil war, having enlisted at the age of seventeen years, and served throughout that great struggle. After the war he moved to Kansas, where he was engaged in farming for seven or eight years, coming then to Snohomish county. He homesteaded a farm about seven miles from Arlington, to the operation of which he devoted himself until his death, which occurred in 1903. He had cleared the land and by his untiring efforts created a splendid and valuable farm. After his death his widow sold the farm, and she is now living in Everett. Mrs. Payne was reared on the home farm to the age of sixteen years and received her elementary education in the first little log schoolhouse at Oso, Washington. Later she entered the State Normal School at Bellingham, from which she was graduated in 1904, and then engaged in teaching school. She taught at Oso for one year, followed by four years in Arlington, and then came to Everett, teaching three years in the Jackson school and two years in the Washington school. She is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah. Politically Mr. Payne is not bound by party lines but maintains an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his judgment as to men and measures. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Daughters of Rebekah, while religiously he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, to which they give generous support. Mr. Payne is a man of many excellent traits of character, is genial and friendly in all his social relations and is held in the highest measure of regard throughout the range of his acquaintance. FRED SCHOFIELD The record of the late Fred Schofield is that of a life well spent, of triumphs over obstacles, of perseverance under difficulties and steady advancement from a modest beginning to a place of honor and worth in the industrial world, and in the community which was honored by his citizenship his memory is revered by all who knew him. Mr. Schofield was born near Manchester, England, February 28, 1852, and his death occurred at his home in Everett, April 27, 1925, at the age of seventy-three years. He was the son and only child of Richard and Elizabeth (Howarth) Schofield, both of whom were natives of England. About 1860 the family came to America, locating in eastern Canada, where they remained but a short time, moving to Port Huron, Michigan, where the parents spent their remaining years. The father followed the occupation of a moulder. Fred Schofield did not receive the advantage of a thorough education, as at the early age of ten years he started to work earning money by selling papers. He then learned the trade of a machinist, at which he was working at the age of fifteen years. He remained in Port Huron a number of years and then went to Alpena, Michigan, where he went to work for his wife's father and uncle, with whom he remained about a year as a machinist. In 1872 he FRED SCHOFIELD HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 169 went to Oscoda, Michigan, where he and his father-in-law established a machine shop under the firm name of Crippen & Schofield, in which they prospered and which they operated until 1892. In that year Mr. Schofield came to Everett and established a large and well equipped machine shop under the name of the Everett Iron Works, which became one of the well known and successful concerns of this city. He remained in active management of the business until 1922, when he retired, turning the business over to his son, and thereafter lived quietly in his comfortable home here until his death. On October 14, 1873, Mr. Schofield was united in marriage to Miss Anna Crippen, who was born at Mount Clemens, Michigan, a daughter of Chauncey and Clarisa Moore (Gould) Crippen, the former of whom was a native of Canada and the latter of Oakland county, Michigan, the maternal line being traced to early Quaker stock. During Mrs. Schofield's girlhood the family moved to a small place near Detroit, where the father followed the blacksmith-ing business, and she remained at home there until her marriage. She is one of two children, having a sister, Emma C. Jones, of Kansas City, Missouri. To Mr. and Mrs. Schofield were born three children, one of whom died in infancy. Frank was graduated from Everett high school and then entered his father's machine shop, which he now owns and operates. He was married to Miss Lena Swain, and they have three children : Mrs. Helen Sovde, Clara M. and Lawrence. Agnes, who was graduated from the Everett high school and took a course in a business college, became the wife of M. C. Engels, of Edwards, Washington, and they have two children, Audrey H. and Dorothy A. Mr. Schofield was a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons in Oscoda, Michigan, and his religious connection was with the Methodist Episcopal church. He was a republican in his political alignment and served one term as mayor of Oscoda. He was a man of strong individuality, candid and straightforward in all his relations, and enjoyed the confidence of all who had dealings with him. JOHN. GILCHRIST The memory of the worthy subject of this memorial sketch is revered by a host of friends and acquaintances among whom he labored, for he spent his energies through a life of honest endeavor to make the most of his opportunities, while at the same time he was not neglectful of his duties to his neighbors and the community. John Gilchrist, one of the successful farmers and public-spirited citizens of the northwestern part of Snohomish county, and who in 1916 was summoned to his reward in the silent land, was a man whom everybody liked, for he possessed a strong social nature and by his genial and kindly attitude toward those about him won the confidence and respect of everyone. A native of Canada, his birth occurred in 1846, and he was reared and attended school there to the age of sixteen years. He then came to the Pacific coast, by way of the Isthmus of Panama, and went to Hood's Canal, where he was employed in logging camps until about 1884. He then bought one hundred acres of land at Stanwood, where the Woodland school is now located, and there developed a splendid and productive farm, to the operation of which he devoted himself with indefatigable energy up to the time of his death. He had also been active in early days in the logging business, having built the first log chute on the Snohomish river, at Lowell, and he also drove ox teams in the logging camps. Idleness was foreign to his nature and in all of his operations he exercised sound judgment and discrimination, being generally regarded as a man of unusual ability and character. About two years after his death Mrs. Gilchrist moved to Everett, leasing the home farm to her son-in-law. Mr. Gilchrist had long conducted dairying operations there and maintained his farm at the highest point of excellence and efficiency, making many splendid improvements, including a good set of farm buildings. In 1881 Mr. Gilchrist was married to Miss Magdalena Jenni, who is a native of Minnesota and a daughter of Jacob and Matolda Jenni, both of whom were natives of Germany. On coming to the United States, Mr. Jenni preempted a tract of land in Minnesota, where he remained until coming west, on Christmas day, 1877. He came direct to San Francisco, from which city he went by boat to Seattle. He first rented a farm near Elison, Washington, after which he homesteaded a farm near Ferndale, this state, but died before proving up on the land. The mother proved up on the place and then sold it, since which time she has made her home with her children in Snohomish county. To Mr. and Mrs. Gilcrist were born five children. Anna M. became the wife of Frank Nicks and both are now deceased. They had one child, Alma, who makes her home with Mrs. Gilchrist, and is a student in the Everett high school. Lena L. is the wife of Thomas Inions, who is now operating the old home place at Stanwood, and they are the parents of three children. Jennie, who is a graduate of the State Normal 170 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY School at Bellingham, is now teaching school at Sultan, this county. Olive L., is a clerk in Fisher's department store in Everett. Lois N., who was graduated from the State Normal School at Bellingham and had two years in the University of Washington, is now a teacher in the Everett schools. Mrs. Gilchrist is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah and the Degree of Honor. She is a woman of tact and gracious qualities of manner, which have endeared her to a large circle of warm and devoted friends. Mr. Gilchrist was a member of the Knights of Pythias, while in his political views he was a democrat. Religiously he was a member of the Presbyterian church, to which he gave liberal support. He was universally recognized as a splendid citizen and a man of lofty character, sturdy integity and unswerving honesty. He bore his full part in the development of his community, took a keen interest in all matters affecting the welfare of the people and was kindly and accommodating in his relations with his neighbors. Because of his excellent qualities and his consistent life he won and retained an enviable place in the esteem and good will of all who knew him. ANTON KORNITZER Among the men of foreign birth who have honored Snohomish county by their residence, specific mention should be made of the late Anton Kornitzer, whose death, on October 22, 1909, was deeply regretted by all who knew him. He was industrious and energetic, his success being the result of his own persistent efforts along right lines, and his character was such as commanded respect. Mr. Kornitzer was born in Austria in 1855 and was a son of Anton and Appolinia Kornitzer, both of whom also were natives of that country. He was reared to the life of a farmer and received his education in the schools of his native land. On attaining mature years he engaged in farming and stock raising on his own account, following that occupation until 1894, when, in the hope of bettering his opportunities for advancement, he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Oklahoma, where he took up a homestead, to the operation of which he gave his attention for about seven years, and he then sold his interests there and went to Idaho, where he bought two hundred and forty acres of farm land, the greater part of which was devoted to wheat and oats. Eventually he sold out there and, coming to Snohomish county, bought eighty acres of land, located about four miles from Silver Lake, and sixty-five acres of which were cleared. Here he became interested in stock raising and dairy farming, keeping about thirty head of good milk cows. He was successful in his enterprise and had gained a very comfortable station in life when death called him. In 1893 Mr. Kornitzer was united in marriage to Mrs. Teresa Dolashan, who also was born and reared in Austria, a daughter of Valentine and Anne Sandbarsh. She was first married in Austria, and her husband died there. In 1892 she accompanied her father to the United States, locating in Kansas, where he was engaged in farming about two years. They then went to Oklahoma, where she met and became the wife of Mr. Kornitzer. To this union were born seven children, namely : Anton, who is employed in the logging camps ; Mary, who is employed in Everett; Teresa, who remains with her mother; Hedwig, who is employed in the freight office of the Great Northern Railroad ; Emma, at home ; Anne, deceased ; and Joseph. Mrs. Kornitzer retained the farm until 1914, when she sold it and came to Everett, where she has since been living. Mr. Kornitzer took out his naturalization papers while living in Oklahoma and proved a true and loyal citizen of this country, taking a deep interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of the communities where he lived. The family are communicants of the Roman Catholic church. Anton, Jr., is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus. He is a veteran of the World war, having served two years as a member of the First Regiment of Engineers, with which he saw active service overseas. 0. T. BLOOM 0. T. Bloom, a clothing merchant of Marysville, was born October 11, 1881, at Willmar, Minnesota. His father, Thomas A. Bloom, a native of Norway, came to America in 1876 with his wife and two children and settled at Willmar, where he engaged in general agricultural pursuits, remaining actively and successfully identified with farming interests of that locality until 1903. He then removed with his family to Tacoma, Washington, where he again took up agricultural pursuits, conducting a farm of one hundred and sixty acres. Thomas A. Bloom has sold much land, however, for summer homes, and in his business affairs he has been HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 171 very successful, wisely and carefully directing his interests. His religious faith is that of the Lutheran church, while his political support is given to the republican party. He married Carrie Arne, a native of Norway, and they became the parents of eight children, seven of whom are living. Both parents are now past eighty years of age, and they reside in the vicinity of Tacoma. 0. T. Bloom was the sixth in order of birth in the family. He acquired his early education in the public schools of Willmar, Minnesota, and afterward studied in Fargo, North Dakota, where he became a pupil in the Dakota Business College. When a lad of fourteen years he secured employment at Moorhead, Minnesota, in the general store of C. F. Stene & Company, his salary being originally but fifteen dollars per month and board. He remained there for eighteen months, after which he became manager for the same firm at Aneta, North Dakota, where he conducted a branch house for the company for a period of four years, handling clothing and men's furnishings. During all this time he was carefully saving his earnings, and when his industry and economy had brought him sufficient capital to embark in business on his own account he formed a partnership with his brothers, Louis and Andrew Bloom, for the purchase of the business at Aneta, their interests being conducted at that point under the name of Bloom Brothers for a period of five years. At the end of that time they sold out and 0. T. Bloom removed to Wimbledon, North Dakota, where he successfully conducted a restaurant and confectionery store for four years. He then disposed of his interests at the place and started for Washington, where he arrived on the 27th of June, 1908. Locating at Marysville, he established his present business on the 7th of October of that year as a dealer in ready-to-wear clothing, men's furnishings and shoes, this being the only exclusive store of the kind in the city, and Mr. Bloom was the pioneer in this branch of business at Marysville. He originally had but a small stock, but his business has increased to considerable magnitude and he now carries stock valued at between twelve and fifteen thousand dollars. On the 20th of January, 1903, Mr. Bloom was married, in Fargo, North Dakota, to Miss Nickolena Nelson, a native of North Dakota and a daughter of Birtus Nelson. Her father is now deceased but her mother is yet living. Mr. and Mrs. Bloom have become the parents of six children : Doris Anona, born in Aneta, North Dakota, November 2, 1903 ; Howard Elliott, born in Wimbledon, North Dakota, October 15, 1905 ; Thelma Evelyn, born in Marysville, Washington, January 15, 1913 ; Thomas Nelson, born in Marysville, October 21, 1914 ; Shirley, born July 2, 1919 ; and Gary, born August 13, 1921. Mr. Bloom gives his political allegiance to the republican party, while fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Foresters. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Lutheran church, to •the teachings of which he loyally adheres, guiding his life at all times by its principles. A contemporary biographer said of him : "His upright manhood, his public-spirited citizenship and his enterprise in business have made him one of the valued and substantial residents of Marysville." MICHAEL REDMOND HICKEY Back to old Erin must we turn in tracing the lineage of Michael Redmond Hickey, who after a long, active and useful career is now retired from active business and lives in his comfortable home in Everett. From Waterford county, Ireland, came his parents Michael and Alice (Redmond) Hickey, the father being about twenty years of age when he came to the United States with his young wife. They settled in Ohio, where Mr. Hickey became widely known as a mining expert, or what would be now designated as a mining engineer, and he was for a number of years closely identified with the coal mining industry of Ohio. Later he went to Michigan, where he became connected with the Calumet mine, which he practically opened up. About 1868 he went to Minnesota, where he homsteaded a farm, to the operation of which he devoted the remaining years of his life, his death occurring about 1887. His wife also passed away in that state. Michael R. Hickey is the sixth in order of birth of the twelve children who blessed the union of his parents. He spent his boyhood days, until the age of sixteen years, in Michigan, where he received a good education in the public schools, and then, going to Minnesota, started out on his own account. He had previously learned the carpenter's trade and followed that line of work in Minneapolis until 1880, when he bought a farm in Douglas county, Minnesota, which commanded his attention until 1901, excepting for the period he spent in the west. In 1889 he had gone to Anacortes, Washington, at the time of the boom there, and remained two years, during which period he worked at his trade, building one of the first frame houses in that place. He then returned to his Minnesota home, where he remained 172 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY nine years, and in 1898 he again came west, locating in Seattle, where he remained about six months, followed by the same length of time at Everett. By this time he was satisfied to make his permanent home here, so on his return east he sold his interests there and has ever since lived in Everett. While on the ranch he had given his chief attention to grain and stock raising, in which he met with a very gratifying measure of success, especially in the breeding of high grade horses, in which he crossed English shire and English coach horses with French Normans. After coming to Everett Mr. Hickey gave his attention to contracting and building, in which he met with pronounced success. He was the first building inspector for this city, being appointed in 1910 and serving four years, when he again took up contracting. He not only did a good deal of contract construction work but also built and sold a good many houses on his own account. Of recent years, however, Mr. Hickey has been retired from active participation in business affairs and is now enjoying well earned leisure. In 1880 Mr. Hickey was united in marriage to Miss Mary Burke, who was born at Richfield, near Fort Snelling, Minnesota, a daughter of James and Katherine (Cliford) Burke. Her parents were natives of Ireland and came to St. Paul, Minnesota, in the early '50s, the father's death occurring when Mrs. Hickey was very young. The mother owned a farm near Minneapolis but eventually moved from there to Osakis, Minnesota, where the daughter became the wife of Mr. Hickey. The latter has a brother, J. C. Hickey, who came west about 1909 and is operating a farm at Granite Falls, Snohomish county. He is the father of five children. M. R. Hickey is a member of Alexandria Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in Minneapolis. He is a republican in his political views and has for many years taken an active part in public affairs. He was a member of the board of county commissioners in Douglas county, Minnesota, for about six years, resigning that position when he came west, and lie also served on school boards during almost the entire period of his residence in that state. Both he and his wife are communicants of the Roman Catholic church and Mrs. Hickey is a member of the Hibernian Sisters, of which she has been secretary for the past fifteen years. Mr. Hickey has to a marked degree exhibited the essential qualities of good citizenship, and has been true and loyal in every relation of life. JOHN B. HARVEY To write the personal records of men who have by their own unaided exertions raised themselves from humble circumstances to a respected position in the community is indeed a pleasure. Self-made men, men who have achieved success because of their personal qualities and left the impress of their individuality upon their place of residence and who have affected for good such institutions as are embraced within the sphere of their usefulness, build monuments more enduring than marble obelisk or granite shaft. To this class belongs the man whose name appears above and who enjoys the unbounded respect and admiration of all who know him. John B. Harvey is a native of England, and at a tender age he was deprived by death of the care and protection of his parents, being thus thrown upon his own resources. Before he was ten years of age he was working on canal boats in his native country, and then at that age he went to sea as a stowaway, being taken to the West Indies. Later for a time he was a fisherman in the North Sea and then for a number of years lie wandered from place to place, seeking such employment as lie could find, frequently finding himself without food or lodging place, in which extremity he was not above sleeping in barrels or other odd places. When fifteen years of age he came to Canada and secured work, and he saved enough money to take him to Michigan. On his arrival there he paid for a week's board in advance, and it was well that he did so, for immediately afterward the remainder of his money was stolen from him. He then went to work on a lake vessel and followed the lake trade for two or three years. His first job on land was in a sawmill, where he worked for a time, and in the early '80s he came to Everett, Washington. He went to work for J. Bell and Thomas Robinson, painting chimneys and logging, and though he did not receive big wages he managed to accumulate a surplus fund, so that eventually he was able to build a small store and boarding house. Here he was well patronized, Governor Clough and other prominent men being among his patrons. He ran that business for three years, after which he ran successively the Merchants Hotel and the Elks Hotel, in both of which ventures he met with success. In 1918 Mr. Harvey engaged in the gas and oil business, establishing a service station, and here success continued to smile on him. A few years later the Union Oil Company bought him out, and he has since lived retired, enjoying a leisure which he has richly earned. In 1900 Mr. Harvey was married to Miss Ethel Crittendon, who was born in Canada and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 173 who came to this locality shortly before her marriage. They are the parents of one child, Daisy DeLong, who was born in Everett and who is a graduate of the high school here. She is the mother of a son, Sonny Harvey. In his political views Mr. Harvey is aligned with the republican 'party. Though deprived in his youth of the opportunity of securing a good education, he has read much and has been a close observer of men and events, so that today he is well informed on a wide range of subjects. He has proven himself a man of good business judgment and indomitable energy and the success which has come to him has been attained solely through his own efforts. Because of his achievements, as well as for his cordial and friendly manner, he has gained a high place in the respect and good will of the community in which he lives. NILS EDFAST Upon the roll of citizens of Snohomish county who by their earnest and upright lives and their indomitable industry earned the respect and esteem of their fellow citizens, appears the name of Nils Edfast, who though he has long been sleeping in "the windowless palaces of rest" is still remembered with reverence by all who knew him. He gradually won his way into the esteem of the people through his genial address, his obliging and charitable nature and his unswerving honesty ; in short, he possessed to a marked degree those sterling qualities which commend a man to the favorable opinion of his fellowmen, and his record is well entitled to preservation in the permanent history of this locality. Mr. Edfast was born in northern Sweden in 1860 and was a son of Lars Jacob Edfast. He was reared at home and secured his education in the public schools of that locality. At the age of eighteen years he emigrated to the United States, locating in Anoka, Minnesota, where he obtained employment in a sash and door factory. He remained there about nine years and then went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he was employed at the same line of work for three years. In the meantime he had taken a trip to Seattle, arriving the day after the great fire in 1889, and remained about six months, when he returned to Minnesota. In 1902 he again came west and settled in Everett, where he obtained employment in Robinson's sash and door factory, but his career was cut short by his untimely death in the following year. He was an expert workman, was faithful and conscientious in all that he did, and enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence and respect of his employers. On June 10, 1893, Mr. Edfast was married to Hannah Nelson, who was born in Vermland, Sweden, a daughter of Nets and Beatrice (Abrahamson) Nelson. She was well educated in the schools of her native land and at the age of about twenty-six years came to this country, locating in Anoka, Minnesota, where she met and married Mr. Edfast. Since his death she has continued to reside in Everett. By a previous marriage she became the mother of two children, namely : Mrs. J. C. Ritchie, now deceased, who had one child, now Mrs. Ralph House; and Essie, deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Edfast were born four children : Nancy, who became the wife of John Lake, is now deceased. Florence is the wife of Edwin E. Swanson, of Everett, and they have two children, Richard and Theodore. Mr. Swanson is a molder in the Sumner Iron Works. Walter, who is a ruler with the Everett Pulp & Paper Company, was married to Miss Ruth Fritzburg, and they have one child, Helen Fritzburg. Roy, who works for the Puget Sound Telephone Company at Everett, was married to Miss Lenora Blaine. Mr. Edfast was a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and was a republican in his political allegiance, while his religious faith was that of the Evangelical mission. He was a man of splendid ideals and lived up to them. Kind and generous in his attitude toward all worthy causes, he was also deeply interested in everything pertaining to the welfare of the people, while in his social relations he was cordial and friendly. Mrs. Edfast is a member of the Degree of Honor and of the Evangelical mission, to which she gives her faithful support. SAMUEL MILLISON Among the old and highly respected citizens of Everett, none commands to a greater degree the esteem of the people generally than does Samuel Millison, a man whose record is replete with duty faithfully and conscientiously performed and whose citizenship has been an honor to his community. Mr. Millison was born in Prospect, Butler county, Pennsylvania, in 1849, and is a son of George and Annie (Bumgardner) Millison, both of whom also were natives of Pennsylvania. Our subject is the scion of old American ancestry, the family having been established in an early day in Virginia. When he was about six years of age he accompanied his parents on their removal to Illinois, and they located near the city of Chicago, where the 174 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY father was engaged in farming about a year. At the end of that time they moved to Wisconsin, where the father died shortly afterward. His widow later became the wife of a Mr. Cooper. Samuel Millison attended school during his early years, and when about fourteen and a half years old he entered the Union army as a drummer boy. As soon as he was safely in the army, he gave up drumming and enlisted as a private, seeing active service until the end of the war as a member of Company C, First Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. After the war he returned to Wisconsin and remained for a short time on the home farm, subsequently going to Nebraska, where he was for a time employed at various occupations. He then again entered the United States army, as a member of the Twentieth Infantry Regiment, with which he served three years. On the expiration of his period of enlistment Mr. Millison went to Kansas and took up a homestead. During the Indian campaigns he did much work for the government, being with the Fifth Cavalry as a government employe. He kept his homestead until 1877, when he sold it and moved into Hayes City, Kansas, where he was appointed post trader at Fort Hayes by Secretary of War Robert T. Lincoln. He held that position for about nine years, when the post was abandoned, and he then engaged in the grocery business at Hayes, in which he was interested for five years. When Fort Hayes was abandoned, Lieutenant Baldwin gave to Mr. Millison the flag which had last floated over it. From Hayes, Mr. Millison went to Latah county, Idaho, where he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, on which he carried on dairy farming and stock raising for about two years, when he sold out and engaged in the livery business in Kendrick, Idaho. He remained there until 1900, when he came to Everett and established a cigar and confectionery store, which he conducted for three years on Riverside. In 1905 Mr. Millison was appointed a member of the Everett police force, on which he continued for sixteen years, when he retired from active affairs, and he is now enjoying well earned leisure. His record as an officer of the law was an enviable one and his retirement from the force was regretted generally. In 1879 Mr. Millison was married to Miss Bessie Normoyle, who was born in Corning, New York, a daughter of John and Bessie (Clancy) Normoyle, both of whom were natives of Ireland. They were married in their native land and on their emigration to the United States settled in New York, where they reared their five children. Mrs. Millison spent her girlhood in New York and Washington, D. C., and then moved to Kansas, where she lived until her marriage. Her father was an architect by profession. To Mr. and Mrs. Millison have been born nine children, all of whom are living. Annie is the wife of Claude Stanton and lives at Elk River, Idaho, and she is the mother of a daughter. Nellie, who is the wife of Walter McCrea, of Mullen, Idaho, has two sons. Jessie is the wife of Harry Shaffer and the mother of seven children. Sam, who lives in Seattle, was married to Miss Jean Kellogg. James, of Portland, Oregon, was married to Miss Louise Wagner. Chester, who lives in Astoria, Oregon, was married to Miss Minnie Helms, and they have three children. Edna, J. is the wife of Edward Collins, of Portland, Oregon, and they have one child. Mary is the wife of Lieutenant Hallam, who is now at the Schofield barracks, Hawaii, and they have one child. Winni-fred is the wife of S. E. Marker, of Coeur d' Alene, Idaho. Nearly all of the children are graduates of the Everett high school. Sam is a veteran of the World war, having served with the automatic replacement division of the tank corps. Mr. Millison is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Knights of Columbus, and is a communicant of the Roman Catholic church. Politically he gives his support to the republican party, and he served a number of years as deputy sheriff in Kansas. He retired from the police force with the rank of captain and with a record of faithful service that has never been excelled in the department. Because of his splendid record, his strong personality and genial manner he has long held a high place in the confidence and respect of the people of Everett. CLARK FERGUSON The late Clark Ferguson, who died at his home in Snohomish, March 15, 1923, and whose widow continues to make her home there, was one of the pioneers of Snohomish county, a resident here for nearly sixty years, and it is but fitting that in this history of the county toward the development of which his energies so long were directed there should appear mention of his life and services here, together with some slight tribute to the good memory he left at his passing. Mr. Ferguson was a native son of the old Empire state, born in Putnam county, New York, October 13, 1835, the fifth in order of birth of the seven children born to Samuel S. and Maria (Clark) Ferguson, the former of whom was a farmer and caper maker, and was there reared, receiving his education in the local schools. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 175 In 1855, when twenty years of age, Clark Ferguson joined the stream of adventurers and fortune seekers making their way to California, coming around by the isthmian route, and for two years tried his hand at mining, also engaging in the mercantile business in Eldorado County. In 1858 he was attracted to the possibilities attending the opening of the new farm lands in the great central prairie country and entered a preemption claim to a tract of land in Brown county, in what was then the Territory of Kansas. In the fall of 1860, in association with others, he took a contract to take through a herd of beef cattle and a train of other supplies from Leavenworth to the garrison at Fort Laramie, Wyoming, but met disaster on the way, a blizzard on the plains of western Nebraska overtaking the cavalcade and scattering and destroying nearly six hundred head of cattle, only four yoke of oxen surviving the storm. Mr. Ferguson then entered the employ of the government at Fort Leavenworth, as a teamster, and was thus employed until the summer of 1864, when he took part in prospecting operations in the Boise basin of Idaho. In September of the next year (1865) he came into Washington Territory and at Snohomish joined his brother, E. C. Ferguson, in the latter's logging and mercantile operations here. Later he took over two hundred and eighty acres of his brother's preemption claim there, situated almost in what are now the city limits of Snohomish, the first tract of land in that section for which title from the government was secured, and settled down to develop and improve it. He made a good farm out of the place, at the same time carrying on other development work, and there remained until his retirement in 1903 and removal to Snohomish, where his last days were spent. In 1866, the year after his arrival here, Mr. Ferguson was one of the directors of the Snohomish City Milling Company, incorporated by a special act of the legislature in that year, and he was ever interested in local development work. He was a democrat and in the campaign of 1882 was elected to represent his district on the board of county commissioners. In other ways he gave a good citizen's attention to local civic affairs and in all the relations of life bore himself in such a way as to command the respect and esteem of all. He lived to a ripe old age, having been in his eighty-eighth year at the time of his death, and he had served his community well. On October 29, 1877, in Seattle, Clark Ferguson married Mrs. Martha E. Brem, who survives him and who continues to make her home in Snohomish, residing at 423 Avenue B. Mrs. Ferguson was born in Arkansas and was but four years of age when in 1852 her parents, Ira Brown and his wife, joined an overland party on the long and toilsome trip over the old Oregon trail to the coast country, the party's objective being Portland. Ira Brown died en route and his widow later married J. G. Lyle, whose wife in that same year had died on the plains en route to the coast country. Mr. Lyle homesteaded a tract of land about five miles out of Portland and occupied the place for about six years, at the end of which time he established his home in Portland, where he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives. It was thus that Martha E. Brown was educated in the schools of Portland. Of the three children born to her first union but one survives : Charles Brem of Yakima, who is married and has two children. By her second marriage Mrs. Ferguson became the mother of four sons, two of whom, Samuel Y. and Grover F., died in youth, the survivors being Elmer Clark Ferguson of Snohomish, who is married and has one child ; and Carl W. Ferguson, who is making his home in Snohomish with his mother. Mrs. Ferguson is a member of the Presbyterian church and has ever been an interested and helpful participant in church work and other activities in behalf of the general local welfare. JOHN HANSEN In the death of the late John Hansen, Everett lost one of its energetic men of affairs, a man who through a series of years was prominent and active in various circles and who always commanded sincere respect. Quiet and unassuming in manner, he was, nevertheless, a man of strong character and left the impress of his individuality upon all who came in contact with him. Mr. Hansen was born in Denmark, February 22, 1859, and secured his education in the public schools there, after which he learned the trade of a shoemaker. At the age of nineteen he came to the United States, locating in Michigan, where he lived until 1901, during which period he was identified with the shoe business and served as deputy state salt inspector. He then came to Everett, Washington, and engaged in the real estate business, in partnership with John Smith, with whom he remained associated for a number of years. Subsequently he turned his attention again to the shoe business, he and his son Roy establishing the Hansen Shoe Store, which became one of the leading stores in its line in Everett. He remained identified 176 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with that business until 1920, when he sold his interest therein and retired from active affairs. Thereafter he lived quietly at his home here until his death, which occurred September 22, 1922. In 1890 Mr. Hansen was united in marriage to Miss Anna D. Hansen, who also is a native of Denmark, a daughter of Henry and Laurina Hansen. When she was six years of age the family came to the United States, locating in Michigan, where the father engaged in farming, following that vocation until his death. The farm is still in the possession of the family. Mrs. Hansen spent most of her girlhood with her parents, and also lived for a while in Big Rapids, Michigan. She is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and the ladies' auxiliary to the American Legion. To Mr. and Mrs. Hansen Are born three sons. The first, Verne, who was graduated from the Everett high school and from the department of electrical engineering of the University of Washington, became connected with the General Electric Company, at Schenectady, New York, and is now electrical engineer for the Portland Electric Power Company, of Portland, Oregon. He was married to Bernette Schuchart, and they have one child, Mary Anna. The second son, John, died when nine years of age, shortly after the family came to Everett. The third son, Roy, after attending the Everett grammar and high schools, went into the shoe business with his father. He was married to Mabel Molner, and to them a son, Roy Roger, was born. When the World war broke out he enlisted in the medical department and was sent to Fort Gibbon, Tanana, Alaska, and when the armistice was signed he reentered the shoe business, which he followed until his death on July 25, 1922. John Hansen was a life member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, belonging also to the Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Red Men. Politically he gave his support to the republican party, and he served for eight years as a member of the board of trustees of the State Reformatory at Monroe. He was a man of vigorous mentality, keen and sagacious in business, held well defined opinions on public questions, and at all times commanded the respect of all with whom he was associated. JOHN JAMES PHELAN The spirit of a noble and earnest life burned in the mortal tenement of the late John James Phelan, whose life was characterized by inflexible integrity and absolute loyalty in all of its relations and who stood among the leaders in the business circles of Everett. Mr. Phelan was born in Napenee, Canada, in 1861. In 1891 he went to Missoula, Montana, where he opened a department store under the name of Hosey-Judson-Phelan. He was successful in this enterprise and continued it until 1904, when he sold out and, coming to Everett, Washington, opened the first dry goods store on Riverside, also specializing in women's furnishings. He was a good business man and conducted this enterprise with marked success until his death, which occurred February 14, 1906. In 1894 Mr. Phelan was united in marriage to Miss Florence Mulligan, who is a native of Biddeford, Maine, and a daughter of James E. and Josephine A. (Newhall) Mulligan. To Mr. and Mrs. Phelan were born two children : Edward N. was graduated from the Everett high school, where he took a leading part in athletics, having played four years on the football team. On the entrance of the United States into the World war he enlisted in the wireless department of the navy, in which he was detailed as an instructor during a part of his enlistment period. At the close of the war he entered the University of Washington, where he took the course in business administration, in which he was graduated, and he now has charge of the retail trade division of the Seattle Chamber of Commerce. He is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. John J. Phelan was graduated from the Everett high school and also is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Regiment of Engineers. He was sent to France, where he saw active service until the close of the war. He then entered the Portland Dental College, from which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, and is now engaged in the practice of his profession in Everett. He too is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. Mr. Phelan was a man of rugged strength of character and stood firmly for all that was really best in life. Successful in business, public-spirited in his attitude toward all measures for the advancement of the community's best interests and genial and friendly in all of his social relations, he won and retained a host of warm and loyal friends. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Phelan continued the business at its original location until about 1908, when she moved the stock to 1618 Hewitt avenue, where she continued in the dry goods and women's furnishing business until 1917, when she sold out. In 1920 she again HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 177 engaged in the same business at 2812% Colby avenue, where the enterprise was conducted until 1924, when she moved to larger quarters at the present location, 2809% Colby avenue. She is now confining the stock entirely to women's apparel, composed mainly of sport apparel, hosiery, silk underwear, etc. She has manifested marked business ability, and the success which is crowning her efforts has been well merited. ALMER M. ANDERSON Almer M. Anderson, of the realty firm of A. M. Anderson, with offices in the Hodges building in Everett, is recognized as one of the energetic and forward looking realtors of that city. He was born in Douglas county, Minnesota, in 1879, and was ten years of age when in 1889 he came with his parents, Alexander and Olive (Malen) Anderson, to Washington, which was admitted to statehood in that year. For some three years the Andersons made their home at Anacortes, and in 1892 they moved to Snohomish, from which place, in the next year, they moved to Everett. Alexander Anderson later embarked in merchandising in Seattle and is still a resident of that city. Almer M. Anderson was fourteen years of age when he moved with his parents to Everett. He attended the schools of that place, and upon the removal of the family to Seattle he engaged in the transfer business in the latter city, a line he followed for years, or until his return to Everett in 1918, since which time he has devoted his attention to the real estate business. Familiar with conditions here since the time that may be regarded as the pioneer period, and a resident of the state since its admission to the Union, he has a comprehensive and accurate knowledge of realty values and his judgment along this line has come to be recognized as reliable—a reputation which has placed him among the leading realtors of the state. In 1914 Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Zurfluh of Tacoma, and they have a pleasant home in Everett. They are republicans and give proper attention to local civic affairs as well as to the city's general social activities, being popular members of their circles. It has been said of Mr. Anderson that in giving to his business his intelligent and undivided attention he not only has won a gratifying measure of prosperity but also has wrought effectively in the upbuilding and development of the city. J. E. MANN Clearly defined purpose and consecutive effort will inevitably result in the attaining of a due measure of success, and J. E. Mann, one of the best known citizens of the vicinity of Snohomish, has not only gained success worthy of his efforts, but today occupies an enviable place in the esteem of all who know him, because of his energetic methods and his excellent character. Mr. Mann is a native of the state of North Dakota, born in 1888, and is a son of C. B. and Isabelle (Gibson) Mann, the former a native of Iowa and the latter of England. The father was a harness maker by trade and enjoyed a splendid standing among his fellowmen. In 1892 he brought his family to Oregon, locating in Yamhill county, where he followed his trade for a couple of years, his death occurring in 1894. J. E. Mann secured his public school education in Yamhill county and then went to Alberta, Canada, to take up a homestead, but did not find conditions as favorable as had been represented to him, so, instead of taking up land, he learned the barber's trade there and followed it about four years in Alberta. He then went to North Dakota, where he followed the same calling for a couple of years. In 1912 he came to Snohomish and established himself in the barber business, soon afterward buying six acres of land near where he now lives. This land was entirely uncleared, and he devoted considerable time to the work of clearing the tract and building a house. In the meantime he located at his present place near the Fobes schoolhouse, on the highway between Everett and Snohomish, where he established an automobile service station, keeping gas, oil and accessories, and here met with a very satisfactory measure of success from the beginning. As soon as he had demonstrated the success of this enterprise, he gave up the barber business and in September, 1923, located here permanently, having erected his house in the previous June. He is courteous and accommodating toward his customers, treats everyone fairly, and is enjoying a large and steadily increasing trade. In 1914, at Seattle, Mr. Mann was married to Miss Allie Foot, who is a native of Arkansas, a daughter of E. J. and Mary (Armstrong) Foot, both of whom are natives of Nova Scotia. The father was formerly engaged in farming in Minnesota, but is now engaged in the chicken 178 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY business in this county, he and his wife having come here in 1922. Mrs. Mann came to this locality in 1914. Mr. and Mrs. Mann have become the parents of a daughter, Phyllis, and a son, Earl Douglas, who was born March 30, 1926. Fraternally Mr. Mann is a member of Snohomish Aerie No. 195, Fraternal Order of Eagles. His life history has been distinguished by the most substantial qualities and has exhibited a long career of persistent industry. JAMES H. .GILLETT Within the pages of this work specific mention is made of many of the worthy citizens of Snohomish county who have figured in the growth and development of this favored locality, each contributing in his sphere of action to the well being of the community and to the advancement of its normal and legitimate growth. Among this number is James H. Gillett, who after a long and successful career in the active affairs of business, is now living retired in Everett, where he enjoys the highest measure of esteem on the part of his fellow citizens. Mr. Gillett was born at Port Ontario, New York, and is a son of Harrison and Mary (Bayrd) Gillett, the former a native of New York and the latter of Massachusetts. On the paternal side Mr. Gillett is descended from French ancestors, though the family has been established in this country for many generations. When our subject was but an infant, the family moved to Minnesota, where the father engaged in the iron manufacturing business, with which he remained identified up to the time of his death. James H. Gillett spent his boyhood in Minnesota, where he was graduated from high school, and then attended a business college in Iowa. He subsequently became identified with his father's business, in which he continued until the latter's death, after which the family disposed of its interest in the business, and in 1901 Mr. Gillett came to Everett. Here he acquired an interest in the Sumner Iron Works, of which he became vice president and superintendent and in the affairs of which he took an active part until 1918, when, because of ill health, he sold his interest in the company and retired from active participation in business affairs. In 1878 Mr. Gillett was united in marriage to Miss Isabel McNiven, who is a native of Ontario, Canada, and a daughter of Neal and Anne (McKay) McNiven, both of whom were natives of Scotland, and who after their marriage came to America and settled in Ontario. After the close of the Civil war they came to Minnesota, where the father engaged in farming and where he and his wife spent their remaining years. Mrs. Gillett received a good education in the public schools of Minnesota and remained at home until her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Gillett has been born a son, Guy L., who after graduating from high school in Minnesota entered the dental department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. He then came to Everett, where he• practiced his profession for three years, and next moved to New York, where he was in practice for two years, at the end of which time he went to London, England, where he has become a prominent and successful dentist. James H. Gillett gives his political support to the republican party, and fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, while Mrs. Gillett is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star. He and his wife are attendants of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Gillett's career has been characterized by absolute faithfulness to every duty and responsibility which came to him, and this undoubtedly has been the key to his success. The activities in which he engaged exercised to the full his somewhat unusual abilities, and he reached a place of compelling importance among the successful business men of Everett. A thoroughly practical man, self-reliant, firm and resolute, he has not been underestimated by a people who long since learned to appreciate his value as a potent factor in important affairs. 0. R. ALLEN, M. D. Dr. 0. R. Allen, a successful medical practitioner of Lake Stevens, where he has maintained an office since 1913, has followed his chosen profession within the borders of Snohomish county for nearly three decades. His birth occurred in Decatur, Illinois, on the 11th of October, 1865, his parents being Samuel C. and Jane E. (Gore) Allen, the former a native of Virginia, while the latter was born in Ohio. Samuel C. Allen devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits throughout his active business career. Both he and his wife are deceased. 0. R. Allen received his professional training in Rush Medical College of Chicago, from JAMES H. GILLETT HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 181 which institution he was graduated in 1887. During the succeeding eleven years he engaged in practice at Decatur, Illinois, and then in 1898 made his way westward to Snohomish county, Washington. He followed his profession in Stanwood for a period of fifteen years, or until 1913, and then opened an office at Lake Stevens, where he has remained continuously to the present time and has been accorded a practice of growing volume and importance as he has demonstrated his ability in coping with the intricate problems which continually confront the physician in his efforts to restore health and prolong life. He keeps fully abreast with the most advanced work of the profession through his membership in the Snohomish County Medical Society, the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Dr. Allen owns a fine acreage property on the lake front and maintains a well equipped office in Lake Stevens. In 1890 Dr. Allen was united in marriage to Mary G. Stockbridge, sister of W. R. Stockbridge of Everett, Washington. They suffered a tragic loss in the death of their son Everett, who was drowned when a youth of seventeen years. Dr. Allen is a stanch republican in politics but has never sought nor desired office as a reward for his party fealty. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and is a worthy exemplar of the teachings and purposes of the craft. His standing in both social and professional circles of the community of his adoption is an enviable one. H. G. HUBBARD H. G. Hubbard, who proved his loyalty and devotion to his country by gallant service in the World war, is now numbered among the capable and enterprising business men of Everett. He was born in New Ulm, Minnesota, in 1885 and is a son of W. A. and Sarah C. (Glass) Hubbard. They are now residents of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the father is engaged in the machinery business. H. G. Hubbard supplemented his public school training by a course in a business college in Minneapolis and afterward entered the University of Minnesota, which he attended for a year. He became connected with the electrical business and was assistant general collector for the Altman & Taylor Company of Mansfield, Ohio. Later he went to Fargo, North Dakota, and was assistant sales manager of one of the large firms of that city. In 1916 he enlisted in the United States army and remained in the service until 1919, making a fine record as a soldier. He spent six months overseas and was captain of three companies of infantry, namely the Forty-seventh, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth and Three Hundred and Sixty-second. In 1923 he came to Everett and has since engaged in making collections—a line of work in which he has been very successful. In 1917 Mr. Hubbard married Miss Minnie M. Wendt, of Minnesota, and to this union has been born a son, Herbert W. Mr. Hubbard gives his political allegiance to the republican party but is not active in politics. He is a member of the officers' reserve corps and along fraternal lines is connected with the Masonic order. He has faithfuly discharged every duty and obligation in life and represents the best type of American citizen. EUGENE D. SMITH Though seventeen years have passed since Eugene D. Smith was called to his reward, he is remembered by many of the older residents of Snohomish county as one of the pioneers who took a leading part in the industrial development of the community from the earliest days. Coming to the county when its wealth of natural resources was as yet untouched, he had the perception and experience to appreciate the advantages offered, and to him belonged the honor of being the first to engage, in a methodical and permanent manner, in the logging business, giving inception to the master industry of the county, the industry which has cleared its farms, built its cities, supported its people and made it a county of mills. And it was not in this alone that he contributed to the general welfare. In political matters, also, he was a force, and in the official records of the early days his name is of frequent occurrence, showing that the county profited, during the molding period as well as later, by his interest in public matters and the wisdom of his counsels. In later days, when wealth had come to him as a reward of well directed effort, it was always bestowed liberally upon enterprises of general benefit, the Everett town building scheme, the Monte Cristo railroad and numerous other 182 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY projects profiting by his bounty, some of them to a greater extent than was generally supposed. He certainly marched in the foremost rank of the progressive men of the sound country. Engene D. Smith had reached the age of seventy-two years when he passed away at Lowell on the 14th of June, 1909, for his birth had occurred in Columbia, Maine, on the 30th of April, 1837. His father, John D. Smith, was likewise a native of Maine, born in 1802, and for years was a shipbuilder in the Pine Tree state, and in Boston, Massachusetts. He was one of the best mechanics in all that country, also a prominent militiaman. He died in 1845. Mrs. Louisa (Barney) Smith, the mother of Eugene D. Smith, was born in Lubec, Maine, and died in Iowa at the age of seventy-eight years. She was of Scotch descent, and her father was a veteran of the War of 1812. Both she and her husband were members of prominent pioneer families of Washington county, Maine. Left fatherless when eight years old, Eugene D. Smith was denied many of the educational advantages which other boys in his part of the country enjoyed, but being of an adventurous disposition he soon made up for his lack of book learning by taking lessons in the school of experience. At fourteen he went to sea, and the ensuing six years were spent as a sailor, mostly along the New England coast, though he made a few trips to foreign ports, and was on the Mediterranean at the time of the Crimean war. His last voyage was to the head of the Adriatic sea. In 1858, being at that time twenty-one years old, he came to Port Gamble by way of the isthmus, arriving in September, having escaped without injury in a wreck on the Panama road. From that date until 1862 he worked industriously in logging camps around Port Gamble, learning thoroughly the business in which he was afterward to become a shining light. He then went to the Caribou mines, but unfortunately for him as it seemed at the time and very fortunately for the development of Snohomish county, his career there was cut short by mountain fever and he was compelled to flee for his life to Victoria. In the fall of 1862, he purchased an interest in the logging outfit of a man named Otis Wilson, and together they started to log on Brown's bay, just north of where Edmonds now is. The next summer they came to Lowell, preceding all others of their occupation to the river, and they operated there together until 1865, when Mr. Smith sold to his partner and again turned his attention toward mining. He went to the Boise basin, Bannock City and other Idaho camps, also participating in the Coeur d' Alene rush of 1865. His prospecting and mining trips did not prove profitable, and he was obliged to go to work as an employe, but after laboring a short time in Walla Walla came once more to Lowell, and soon succeeded in making another start in logging on his own account. His efforts were rewarded by abundant success. At one time he had three camps in active operation, employing seventy-five men, and indeed for a while there were one hundred and fifty names on his pay roll. He logged extensively for years on Ebey slough, clearing the timber off the sites of Marysville, Lowell and other towns and putting many millions of feet into the water. In 1870 Mr. Smith built a log chute two thousand feet long on a hill at Lowell, expending in the enterprise about five thousand dollars. The same year he started a store at Lowell, the first in the town, and from that time on it was his ambition to build a little city there. He put in a hotel about 1874, and in 1889 a sawmill costing sixty thousand dollars, with a capacity of seventy-five thousand feet of lumber per diem, and machinery for the production of lath, shingles, etc. It burned in 1895. Starting with a homestead and preemption, both of which he improved, clearing, ditching and putting into cultivation seventy-five acres, he added to his holdings as time went on until he was the owner of five thousands acres of timber, stump and farming land, all but sixteen hundred acres of it situated on the Everett peninsula, the rest on Ebey slough. When Everett was founded he sold the promoters twelve hundred acres at a reasonable price in order to permit the town building to progress, and donated five hundred more conditioned upon the building of factories, smelter, railroads, etc. After spending thirty years in the logging business, Mr. Smith retired from it in 1890, and after his mill burned down in 1895 he withdrew from the more strenuous activities of life, devoting himself to looking after his property interests. For these he was once offered three hundred thousand dollars by Henry Hewitt, Jr., of Tacoma, but he subsequently lost heavily by fire and on account of the hard times, though to the date of his death he retained a fine home at Lowell, an interest in the site of that town and some Everett property. He also enjoyed the consciousness of having accomplished several worthy undertakings in a worthy manner, won a success in the industrial world of which many more favored men to begin with would be proud, contributed immeasurably to the progress and development of his home county and left an indelible impress upon its history. One of his enterprises which did not succeed financially was the building, in the early '80s, of a telegraph line from Mukilteo to Snohomish, via Lowell. On the 5th of June, 1869, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Margaret B. Getchell, a native of Marshfield, Maine, born January 4, 1840. Her father, George Stillman Getchell, was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 183 born in Machias, Maine, to which town his family had come from the Green Mountain state at an early day. He died in Maine at the age of eight-five. During his lifetime he followed agriculture as a business. Her mother, Taphenea (Longfellow) Getchell, was likewise a native of Machias, and came of old colonial stock. She had the distinction of being a cousin of the noted Henry W. Longfellow, so well known in American literature. She died within five days of the same time as her husband, aged eighty-three. Mrs. Smith lived in the Pine Tree state until twenty-nine, then started for the west, via the isthmus, which she crossed alone, met Mr. Smith at San Francisco and was married to him there, accompanying him to his home in Snohomish county. For the first six months of her residence here she had only one white neighbor of her own sex, a Mrs. Dr. Smith, who lived on the tide lands near Marysville. There were four white women at Snohomish, twelve miles up the river. Mrs. Margaret B. (Getchell) Smith departed this life at Lowell on the 6th of October, 1909, when sixty-nine years of age. 13y her marriage she became the mother of four children, three sons and a daughter, who are recorded below : (1) Lowell E... Smith, whose birth occurred at Lowell, Washington, on the 5th of April, 1877, is a well known captain on the waters of Puget Sound and the Pacific coast. He went to sea about a quarter of a century ago and has been captain on boats plying between Seattle and Alaska and Seattle and San Diego as well as on vessels bound for Honolulu. Captain Smith is now piloting large ships along the coast. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. In early manhood he wedded Charlotte Baker, whose parents were Seattle pioneers and who died two years after her marriage. (2) John D. Smith, whose natal day was May 11, 1878, is identified with the Everett Pulp & Paper Company at Lowell. Like his brother Lowell, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He wedded Lillian Burke, of Snohomish, and they are the parents of a son, Eugene Smith. Mrs. Lillian Smith is county president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union and takes an active part in club and social affairs. (3) Phene L., who is a graduate of the Everett high school and the University of Washington, taught school in the country for one year and subsequently spent three years on the teaching staff of the Snohomish high school. Thereafter she pursued postgraduate studies at the University of Washington, while at the present time she does some substitute work in teaching and also instructs in the art of music. It was in 1911 that she became the wife of John M. Buckley, a native of Pennsylvania, who is of Dutch and Irish extraction. Mr. Buckley made his way to the Pacific coast about 1896 and two years later joined the gold rush to the north, remaining in Alaska for several years. He returned to Snohomish county about 1903 and here served as road supervisor for a number of years. Of recent years he has been a millwright in the service of the Walton Veneer Company of Everett. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias. Mr. and Mrs. Buckley are the parents of a daughter, Margaret, who is a high school student. The wife and mother have membership in the Eastern Star and the Pythian Sisters. (4) Cyrus W. Smith, who was born on the 11th of April, 1883, died in babyhood. Eugene D. Smith was a republican in politics. He served as county commissioner by appointment and election, filled the position of justice of the peace, acted as postmaster at Lowell for twenty-one years, served on the first provisional council of Everett and for years was either director or clerk of the local school district, besides holding various other offices of trust. In fraternal affiliations he was a Master Mason and a Workman. His views on educational and religious matters were very liberal, as they were on most other things, and he never acknowledged allegiance to any creed. His remains were interred in the cemetery occupying the site from which he cleared the logs. His death was the occasion of deep and widespread regret and was sincerely mourned by the Indians, who had found him a trustworthy and loyal friend. The red men had named him "Salbaheart," meaning "strong man." ANDREW JAMES POLLOCK After a busy and useful career, characterized by persistent and well directed efforts, Andrew James Pollock is now retired and is spending the years leisurely in his comfortable home in Gold Bar, enjoying a well earn_d rest. He was born in Ontario, Canada, January 18, 1867, and is a son of John and Mary (Curry) Pollock. The father, who was born at Lindsey, Canada, followed farming in early life and later engaged in the lumber business. He died in 1921 at the age of eighty-four years. The mother was a native of Scotland and died in 1922, also at the age of four score and four years. Andrew James Pollock attended the public schools of Canada and at the age of fifteen 184 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY years began work in the lumber industry, which he followed there until twenty-one years of age. He then went to Manitoba, Canada, where he remained about a year, and in 1889 came to Seattle soon after the great fire which swept that city. For a while he engaged in logging at Lake Washington, after which he went to Anacortes, Skagit county, and followed the same line of work for eight or ten months. He was then engaged in cutting the right of way from Anacortes to Hamilton, Skagit county, after which he went into the logging camp at Lock on the Skagit river, where he remained until 1894. During the following three years he was engaged in logging in British Columbia, after which he logged on Big Lake. During 1898-99 he worked for Hurlbert at Snohomish, and then for about three years he ran a logging camp, having his headquarters at Snohomish. From there he went to Skyhomish, where he remained about nine and a half years as superintendent for the Skyhomish Lumber Company.. In 1912 he came to Gold Bar and became superintendent for the Gold Bar Lumber Company, holding that position until the business was discontinued, when he retired from active affairs. In 1899, in Everett, Mr. Pollock was united in marriage to Mrs. Mary (Russell) Grill, who was born in Wisconsin, and who had two children by her first marriage, namely : Mrs. Carolina Lego, of Gold Bar ; and Mrs. Armela Dubuque, of Index. Mrs. Pollock came to Washington about 1894. Mr. Pollock has served six years as a member of the school board at Gold Bar and during the World war he was a member of the board of draft registration. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, which he joined in 1887, and of the Modern Woodmen of America. Since coming to Gold Bar he has stood consistently for those things which count for the best interests of the people and has always enjoyed their unreserved confidence and good will. EARL W. HUSTED Earl W. Husted, well known in legal circles of Snohomish county, has long occupied a prominent position at the Everett bar and has also acquired prominence through his activities in the field of public service. He was born April 3, 1875, in Saginaw county, Michigan, and his parents, Charles Nelson and Ella May (Petty) Husted, have passed away. He was reared on his father's farm and in 1898 completed a course in the high school at Fenton, Michigan. He studied law in the University of Michigan and in June, 1901, won the degree of LL. B. from that institution of learning. He came to Everett in the same year and for a quarter of a century has practiced continuously in Snohomish county, handling much important litigation. He has an extensive clientele and wins a large percentage of his cases, never entering the courtroom without thorough, painstaking preparation. He has a comprehensive knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence and has never lost the attitude of a student toward his profession. On April 30, 1903, Mr. Husted married Miss Cora B. Miller, of Everett, and they have three children: Alice B., Ella May and Remington Wesley. Mr. Husted is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and has been master of Everett Lodge No. 137, F. & A. M. He is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and gives his political support to the democratic party. He has served as city attorney of Granite Falls, Monroe, Sultan, Index and Duval and incorporated all of these towns. He was president of the Everett board of education from 1910 until 1916 and worked earnestly and effectively to raise the standards of the local schools. Mr. Husted has ever manifested an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good and exemplifies in his conduct the high ideals of an ancient and noble calling. HIRAM ELLSWORTH PEARSALL Few citizens of Snohomish county have been more closely connected with the development of their respective communities than has Hiram Ellsworth Pearsall with that of the town of Monroe, with whose history he has for many years been identified. He was born in Clinton county, Iowa, on the 5th of February, 1864, and is a son of W. R. and Sally (Names) Pearsall, both of whom were natives of New York state, and are now deceased, the father dying in 1900 and the mother in 1921. The father was a farmer by vocation, and in 1884 he brought his family to California, where they remained until 1886, when he and his wife followed their son, Hiram E., to Snohomish county, the father taking up eighty acres of land, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 185 which he proved up. Father and son did a good deal of free road work in those early days, being ambitious to get the country settled and improved as quickly as possible. The father had been blind from about 1877, but remained actively interested in everything about him until advancing years compelled his retirement. Hiram E. Pearsall received his educational training in the public schools of his native state and was about twenty years of age when the family came to the coast. He came up to Snohomish city in 1885 and on February 5 of that year filed a preemption claim northeast of Monroe. He located there and at once proceeded to clear the land, which had not even been logged, eventually clearing about twenty acres. For a while after coming here he worked in timber camps, getting out shingle bolts, and did other work that enabled him to earn ready cash for current expenses. He created a good farm and continued its operation until 1900, when he moved to Monroe and engaged in the building contracting business, erecting a large number of stores and residences in that town, including the Pearsall Hotel, now called the Healey Hotel, which was one of the first hotels in Monroe. He ran that house for four or five years and then sold it. In 1909 he built the Savoy Hotel, which he operated for fourteen years. He also built the Monroe First National Bank building. In 1904 Mr. Pearsall moved to Everett in order to give his children better high school facilities. He did a good deal of contracting for a number of years, but he is now practically retired and is living on his farm. In 1890 Mr. Pearsall was united in marriage to Miss Annie B. Walters, who was born in Pope county, Illinois, a daughter of H. D. and Catherine (Blatter) Walters. Her father was ' born in Germany, whence he was brought to the United States when eight years old. The mother, who also was born in Germany, died when Mrs. Pearsall was three years old. The Walters family came to Washington in 1887, the father driving a mule team through from Illinois, and on arriving here he took up a claim cornering that of Mr. Pearsall. Here he spent his remaining years, creating a good farm and earning the respect of his fellow citizens. To him and his wife were born seven children. Mr. and Mrs. Pearsall became the parents of three children, namely : Mrs. Viola LaBarr, of Kirkland, who is the mother of four children—Gertrude, Dorothy, Melvin and Marjorie ; William H., of Monroe, who is married and has one child, Orville ; and one child, who is deceased. Mr. Pearsall has taken a deep interest in the progress of his community, and has been particularly interested in good schools and improved roads. He gave an acre of ground for school purposes in district No. 40, which in the early days was called the Woods Creek school, and was chiefly instrumental in getting the school district organized, being afterward for many years a member of the school board. He was actively connected with the beginning of the town, having been a member of the surveying crew that laid and drove the stakes of the original townsite in 1892, while later he and Edward Roberts went to the proper authorities to have the town incorporated. He was the organizer, in conjunction with Mr. Roberts, of the Monroe fire department and was its treasurer for many years. He is a member of Monroe Lodge No. 160, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. In every relation of life he has been true and loyal, and his many commendable qualities have been recognized and appreciated. CHARLES F. SCOTT Charles F. Scott, of the vicinity of Snohomish, has fully merited the splendid success which he has achieved in a material way, as well as the esteem of his fellow citizens. He was born in Ontario, Canada, where he lived until fourteen years of age, and he is a son of Thomas and Catherine Scott, the former of whom was a native of Scotland, and a blacksmith and carriage builder by trade. Our subject secured his education in the public schools and then learned the trade of a carpenter, at which he worked in Michigan, where he had located on coming to the States. In 1897 he came to Washington and on July 4, 1898, located in Seattle, where he followed his trade until 1914, excepting a period of two years that he spent in Victoria, British Columbia. In 1914 he located on his present place, comprising forty acres of land, which when he acquired it had been logged, but was badly encumbered with stumps and brush. There were some old logging camp buildings on the place, and these Mr. Scott, being a carpenter, was able to remodel into a very good and substantial set of farm buildings. During the early years Mr. Scott followed his trade, putting in what time he could on the improvement of the property, and in the course of time had about seven acres cleared and in cultivation. Here he has carried on general farming, also keeping a number of good milk cows, and is now planning to go into the bee business on a large scale, having at present twenty- 186 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY three hives. He is energetic and enterprising, keeping closely in touch with progressive methods, and has gained an enviable reputation among his fellow farmers. On May 28, 1903, while living in Seattle, Mr. Scott was married to Miss Annie Reese, the marriage ceremony being performed at Victoria, British Columbia. She is a native of Pennsylvania, a daughter of Jacob and Alice (Poust) Reese, both of whom also were natives of the old Keystone state, the father dying when the daughter was but six years of age. About 1900 she came to Snohomish with her mother and an uncle, remaining there about one and a half years, and then going to Seattle. To Mr. and Mrs. Scott has been born a daughter, Hazel, now seventeen years of age, who possesses decided musical talent and is studying that art. In former years Mr. Scott was identified with a number of fraternal organizations, but is not now actively affiliated with any. He is a member of the Carpenters Union in Seattle and also belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has won a place of prominence and honor in his community because of his sound business judgment, his indomitable industry, his willingness to cooperate with his fellow citizens in all efforts for the betterment of the community, and his genial and friendly manner. WALTER E. GLIDDEN Walter E. Glidden is a worthy representative of that progressive spirit which promotes public good while advancing individual prosperity. He was born in 1893 on the place where he now lives and is a son of W. N. and Mary ( Jako) Glidden, the former a native of Maine and the latter of Wisconsin. The father went to Michigan, locating in the woods, where he created a home, and was married there in 1882. He had gone to that state to visit a brother, and remained until 1888, when he came to Snohomish county and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, where the subject of this sketch now lives. In that early day there were no roads to his land, the river being the chief means of communication with the outside world, and they brought their goods and provisions up the river in a canoe. The land was covered with heavy timber, to the removal of which Mr. Glidden applied himself as opportunity offered. In order to earn money for current expenses, he worked out a good deal, and later ran the Aldervav Manufacturing Company's shingle mill, which was located on his land, up to the time of his death. A fte; that our subject ran, it for a year or two, when he converted it into a sawmill, which he operated until 1923, when it was sold. The father took all the cedar timber from the land, clearing about eighteen acres for cultivation. He did a good deal of donation work on roads in the early days and served many terms as a member of the school board in district No. 43. He was a member of the Grange and of the Modern Woodmen of America. He went east on a visit to his people and died in 1921, within six months after his return here. Walter E. Glidden secured his education in the public schools of this locality and attended the State Agricultural College at Pullman one term. He is a veteran of the World war, having served as driver of an evacuation ambulance in France about three months, but was taken sick and was relieved of that duty. He was in attendance for about three months at Sweeney's Automobile and Electrical School, in Kansas City, Missouri. With these exceptions, he has spent practically all his life on the home farm, which he is operating since his father's death. He has followed dairying and plans to go into the chicken business also. He has planted a considerable tract to ginseng, which requires about five years to mature, but which will prove a profitable crop when it is ready for market. A man of sound views and mature judgment, he is managing the home farm in a manner that bespeaks still more pronounced success for the future. MARION E. DAVIS, D.O. Dr. Marion E. Davis, osteopathic physician, is practicing in Everett and fully meets the requirements of the profession. She is a native of Ontario, Canada, and during 1915-1916 attended Queen's University at Kingston. She afterward entered the Chicago College of Osteopathy and was graduated with the class of 1920. She practiced for two years at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and in 1922-1923 was an interne of Liberty Hospital at St. Louis, Missouri. She spent some time in travel, visiting various parts of the country, and in May, 1925, located in Everett. She took over the practice of Dr. Myrtle. C. Cobb and is now associated with Dr. Ethel L. Truax. They have a well appointed suite of offices on the second floor of the Stokes HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 187 building and their scientific knowledge and skill have brought them many patients. Dr. Truax was born in Oakland, Illinois, and prepared for her profession in the Chicago College of Osteopathy, from which she was graduated in 1921. She practiced for two years at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and later opened an office in Wenatchee, Washington, where she spent a year. Drs. Davis and Truax are able exponents of their profession and have gained many sincere friends during the period of their residence in Everett. JOHN E. JOHNSON It is a compliment worthily bestowed to say that this county is honored by the citizenship of John E. Johnson, for he has achieved definite success through his own efforts and is thoroughly deserving of the proud American title of self-made man. His record here has been characterized by hard and persistent labor, directed by sound judgment and discretion, and he is now numbered among the successful and enterprising farmers of his section of the county. Mr. Johnson was born in Bayfield, Wisconsin, in 1893, and is a son of P. 0. and Christine (Hanson) Johnson, both of whom are natives of Norway, where they were reared and married. The father had come to the United States in 1883, when seventeen years old, and after satisfying himself that this country afforded him the opportunities he desired he returned to his native land, where he was married, and then brought his bride to this country, locating in Wisconsin. For a time he followed fishing on Lake Superior, but in 1901 the family came to Kitsap county, Washington, where the father took up a tract of wild land and developed it into a good farm, and they are still living there. John E. Johnson attended the primary schools in Wisconsin, and on coming to Kitsap county with his parents he remained at home assisting his father for a time, then again turned his attention to his textbooks. After completing his high school stud:es he took an academic course in Columbia College, at Everett, and then, in 1914, he bought his present place, comprising twenty acres of good land, but which at the time he secured it was densely covered with stumps, brush and second growth timber. He has about nine ac es of the land cleared and is giving his attention mainly to the chicken business and to fruit raising. His orchard comprises one hundred and fifty prune trees, now in full bearing, and he has five hundred pure bred White Leghorn hens, from which he is deriving a nice income. He is adding fifteen hundred chickens to his flock this year and intends to engage in the business on a large scale, his place being well adapted to this. He is devoting himself very closely to his work and has had the satisfaction of seeing his place develop into a valuable and attractive ranch. In September, 1914, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Lenora Winslow, who was born at Paha, eastern Washington, a daughter of W. F. and Emmaline (Gregg) Winslow, natives of Illinois, who came west and homesteaded at Paha. They are now living at Pinehurst, near Everett. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson are the parents of a son, Franklin, who is now in school. Mr. Johnson belongs to the Snohomish County Poultry Association, of which he is a charter member. Though closely devoted to his individual interests, he has not permitted them to hinder him from taking a proper interest in the welfare of his locality, but has at all times stood ready to cooperate with his fellowmen in all efforts to advance the prosperity of the community along material, civic or moral lines. Because of his forceful individuality, his fine public spirit, his business success and his genial and friendly manner, he has earned the respect and esteem which are freely accorded him. HON. HENRY W. HOLMES Among the men of learning and ability who have contributed toward the prestige of the Everett bar, none occupies a higher place in public regard than does the Hon. Henry W. Holmes, long a resident of the city and .a former member of the state legislature. He was born April 30, 1864, and is a native of Holly, Michigan. His father, Henry Holmes, was born in the state of New York and about 1850 migrated to Michigan. He settled in Oakland county and engaged in the milling business. He enlisted in Company K of a New York regiment and sacrificed his life for the Union cause. He had married Emeline Terry, who was born in Holly township, Oakland county, Michigan, and who passed away in 1872, when thirty-four years of age. She was a daughter of Louis and Rebecca (Husted) Terry, the 188 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY former of French ancestry and a pioneer agriculturist of Oakland county. To Mr. and Mrs. Holmes were born two children, but the daughter died in infancy. Henry W. Holmes is of Welsh lineage in the paternal line. When but eight years old he was left an orphan, and he was reared in the home of his maternal grandparents, attending the district schools. He was a pupil in the high school at Holly and walked five miles in all sorts of weather in order to attend. When twenty years of age he became self-supporting, taking up the profession of teaching. He afterward resumed his studies at Olivet College, a Congregational school of Michigan, and was graduated from the normal department of that institution. For eight years he was engaged in educational work, teaching in his native county and in Arenac county, Michigan. He was a student in the literary and law departments of the University of Michigan, which he attended for two years, and upon his return to Holly was admitted to the bar, practicing in the state and federal courts. For ten years he followed his profession in Michigan and during that period was city attorney of Holly for two years. He has been engaged in general practice in Everett since 1901 and has been retained as counsel in many important cases. He is well versed in the minutiae of the law and has been accorded an important and desirable clientele. In Holly, Michigan, Mr. Holmes was married to Miss Grace L. Tenny, a daughter of the Rev. Edward and Lucinda (Walker) Tenny, the former a Baptist minister. Mrs. Holmes was graduated from the high school at Holly and was the only member of her class granted a scholarship in Albion College of Michigan. The family attend the Christian Science church. Mr. Holmes is an adherent of the republican party. In 1910 he was chosen to represent his district in the state legislature and his record for the first term won him reelection in 1912. He was one of the framers of the initiative, referendum and recall bill and served on the judiciary committee and the county boundaries committee for one term, while during both terms he was a member of the committee on cities of the first class. He was the author of two bills providing for an exhibit of the products of the state at the Panama-Pacific Exposition at San Francisco and also at the exposition at San Diego. He was likewise the father of the bill for the erection of a state powder mill, a bill relating to the withdrawal of bank deposits and a bill referring to judiciary matters. During his tenure of office he was classed with the ablest members of the house and wrote his name large upon the pages of Washington's legislative history. He is identified with both the York and Scottish Rites in Masonry, holding the thirty-second degree, and is a Shriner. He likewise belongs to the Snohomish County Bar Association. Mr. Holmes is an ornament to his profession and has given tangible proof of his public spirit and devotion to the general good. GEORGE T. OVENELL George T. Ovenell, a worthy native son of Snohomish county and a successful agriculturist of the Stanwood vicinity, departed this life on the 24th of April, 1922, in the forty-fifth year of his age. His birth occurred at Stanwood, Washington, on the 2d of July, 1877, his parents being Thomas and Caroline (Crane) Ovenell, the former born in England in 1836, while the latter is a native of Springfield, Ohio. Thomas Ovenell, a pioneer of the pioneers in the Stilla-guamish valley, was prominently identified with the history of Snohomish county. He left his home when twelve years old and crossed the sea to California, in which state he was engaged in mining during the golden days of '49. In 1850 he went to Nova Scotia, where he remained a short time, coming thence to Whidby island, Washington, in 1851. There he took one of the first homesteads ever located in that country, and there he married Miss Marcia Kelley, who bore him two children. He lived on the island for about twenty-three years and during that period made a trip to Australia. It was in 1874 that Thomas Ovenell came to the Stanwood country and identified himself with the pioneer developments there. He purchased one hundred and twenty-two acres of land adjoining the town of Stanwood and remained one of the prominent farmers of the valley until 1884, when he went to California, where he passed away later in the same year. A contemporary biographer said of him : "None of the pioneer men of the Stillaguamish was more popular than he and none is remembered with greater feelings of kindliness at this date." In 1876 he again married, the bride being Caroline Carne, of the truest American blood, for she could trace her ancestry back to those who came over in the Mayflower. Highly educated, and by profession a school teacher, she became identified with the cause of education in Snohomish county during its pioneer days, presiding over the Florence school throughout its second term. She is now a resident of Seattle. By her marriage she became HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 189 the mother of a son and a daughter, namely : George T., of this review ; and Mrs. Alice Nutter, who makes her home in Seattle, Washington. George T. Ovenell, who was a little lad of seven years when he lost his father, was taken by his widowed mother to Denver, Colorado, where he completed a high school course. Subsequently he spent one year as a student in the state University located at Boulder, while in 1895 he took a special course in bookkeeping there. Returning to Stanwood in 1896, he followed farming in that vicinity throughout the remainder of his life, with the exception of a period of two years spent in Alaska during the gold excitement. It was in 1898 that he made his way north. At the time of the big snowslide at Chilkoot pass he helped dig out several miners who had been buried in the slide. His ranch near Stanwood had been secured by his father in October, 1882, at which time only about a third of it was under cultivation, the rest having been cleared and subjected to the plow. It consists of one hundred acres of excellent land, well located, brought by judicious and skillful tillage to a high degree of productivity. Like many other up-to-date farmers of the lower Stillaguamish, Mr. Ovenell made a specialty of dairying and dairy cattle, though not to the exclusion of other forms of agriculture. His herd numbered thirty-five, and he conducted a retail milk business in Stanwood. Since his death, his widow and his son Theodore have managed the large ranch most capably, raising excellent crops of hay and grain, principally oats. They also produce cabbage seed for seed houses and keep thirty head of good grade cows. Theirs is one of the best farms in the county. In the town of Stanwood, on the 17th of October, 1901, Mr. Ovenell married Miss Martha Gunderson, a native of Stanwood, born November 27, 1879. Her parents were Peter and Brynhild Gunderson, the former born on the 26th of August, 1846, and the latter on the 4th of July, 1846. A review of the life of Peter Gunderson, well known pioneer of Snohomish county, may be found on another page of this work in connection with the sketch of W. A. Gunderson, brother of Mrs. Martha (Gunderson) Ovenell. Peter Gunderson is now in the eightieth year of his age and since about 1910 has lived retired at Conway with his daughter, Mrs. Marie Holte. His wife passed away on the 17th of February, 1915. George T. and Martha (Gunderson) Ovenell became the parents of six children: Theodore, whose birth occurred in December, 1902, and who is a graduate of the Stanwood high school, is now operating the home ranch in association with his mother. Winifred, whose natal day was February 21, 1904, is also a graduate of the Stanwood high school and is at home. George, whose natal day was September 11, 1908, is a senior in the high school. Hazel, who was born March 6, 1911, is now in the second year at high school. Stanley R., born June 9, 1912, is a grammar school pupil. Rawlins, born April 8, 1915, is also attending grammar school. In politics Mr. Ovenell was a republican, supporting the men and measures of that party at the polls. He was a worthy exemplar of the teachings and purposes of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to the blue lodge at Stanwood ; was also identified with the Modern Woodmen of America, and served as clerk of the local organization of the Woodmen of the World for many years. He was likewise a member of the Stanwood lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was widely and favorably known in fraternal and social as well as business circles. In his passing the community sustained the loss of one of its highly esteemed and valued citizens. W. W. WALSH W. W. Walsh, one of Everett's builders and promoters, has been a resident of the city for thirty-four years and has therefore witnessed every phase of its development, rejoicing in what has been accomplished. He was born July 4, 1865, in Potsdam, New York, and his parents, Michael and Catherine (Kelly) Walsh, were natives of Ireland. He was reared on his father's farm and received a public school education. Subsequently he became a weaver and for three years was employed in woolen mills of Massachusetts. He sought the opportunities of the west and in 1889 came to Washington, and he lived for three years in Sehome, now a part of Bellingham. In 1892 he came to Everett in company with his brother, F. J. Walsh. Their brothers, E. L. and C. M. Walsh, afterward located in Everett and are still residents of the city. In 1905 W. W. Walsh opened a real estate office, and for twenty-one years he has been continuously engaged in the business, doing much to develop and improve the city. He erected the Walsh building in 1907 and also built Hotel Everett, which stood on the present site of the Great Northern depot. He buys and sells real estate and also handles loans. He has studied the business from the standpoint of the purchaser as well as that of the man 190 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY who sells property, and nothing escapes him concerning the realty market. He is a thoroughly reliable dealer and through close application and good management has created a large business, giving to his clients the benefit of his knowledge and experience. In 1903 Mr. Walsh married Miss Adelaide Rezin, of Rhinelander, Wisconsin, and they have five children: Bernice, Beatrice, Ruth, Alton and Leone. The two oldest daughters are now students at the University of Washington. Mr. Walsh casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party, but has never entered politics, and his religious views are in harmony with the doctrines of the Catholic church. He is connected with the Knights of Columbus, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Sons of Veterans. Mr. Walsh utilizes every opportunity to exploit the resources and advantages of the city and typifies the spirit of progress in Everett. GEORGE L. DEC..' PREE George L. Deu Pree is Marysville's efficient postmaster and represents one of the old families of Snohomish county, in which his life has been spent. He was born March 27, 1896, and is a son of James E. and Lottie (Womeldorf) Deu Pree, the latter of whom came to the county in 1884. In 1886 James E. Deu Pree located in Snohomish county, in which he has since resided, and as one of its pioneer ranchers he is widely and favorably known. George L. Deu Pree supplemented his public school course by a year's attendance at Pullman College, and in 1918 he responded to the call of his country. He spent six months in the service and after his honorable discharge taught school for a year. He also followed other lines of activity and in March, 1922, was appointed postmaster of Marysville. He performs his duties with conscientiousness and fidelity and his services have been thoroughly satisfactory. In October, 1920, Mr. Deu Pree was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Utley, a member of one of the prominent families of Marysville, and both are active in the social life of the community. Mr. Deu Pree is a stanch advocate of the platform and principles of the republican party and belongs to the. Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Commercial Club. He is a young man of sterling worth, esteemed by a large circle of friends, and lends the weight of his support to every project for the growth and betterment of his town. OSCAR HERMAN URSTAD, M. D. Dr. Oscar Herman Urstad is devoting his attention to the practice of medicine and surgery at East Stanwood, and although his residence in the city covers but a brief period, he has already established his position among the leading representatives of hi's profession. He was born in Christiania, Norway, December 24, 1870, a son of Hans Urstad, a merchant of that city, and acquired his early education in its public schools. He worked in his father's store until he reached the age of eighteen years and in 1888 left his native land in search of the opportunities presented to an ambitious, energetic young man in the United States. After reaching New York city he made his way to Iowa and for two years was employed on a farm in Mitchell county, that state. He next went to Mount Horeb, Wisconsin, and secured a clerical position in a general store, but at the end of two years returned to Iowa, obtaining work in a drug store at Lake Mills. This led to his interest in the science of medicine, and in 1896 he began his studies in order to fit himself for a professional career. For four years he attended the Central College of Physicians and Surgeons at Indianapolis, Indiana, from which he was graduated in 1900, and while a student there he was also connected with the Eastman Sanatorium. Going to Kiester, Minnesota, in 1900, Dr. Urstad established himself in practice, and in 1913 he erected the Urstad Hospital, which he conducted successfully for seven years. For two decades he remained a resident of Kiester, but in the spring of 1920 he disposed of the hospital and removed to Minneapolis, becoming associated with Dr. Ringnell, who died about four months later. Thereafter he conducted his professional interests independently in Minneapolis, where he built up a good practice. Dr. Urstad became a member of the Hennepin County (Minnesota) Medical Society, the Southern Minnesota Medical Association and the American Medical Association. In 1907 he went abroad for further study and revisited his native city, taking a postgraduate course in the district Laege Kursus. He was connected with the medical staff of the Swedish Hospital of Minneapolis. It was in 1924 that he made his way to the Pacific northwest and opened an office at East Stanwood in Snohomish county, Washington, where he has been engaged in the general practice of medicine to the present time. DR. OSCAR H. URSTAD HISTORY OF SNOIIOMISH COUNTY 193 He discharges his professional duties with conscientiousness and ability, for he is thoroughly familiar with the scientific basis upon which his work rests and is correct in the application of his knowledge to the needs of his patients. In 1895 Dr. Urstad was married to Miss Nettie H. Lee, at Lake Mills, Iowa, and they have four children : T. Marie, Esther L., Herman T. and Walter A. Dr. Urstad has always been deeply interested in civic affairs, and while a resident of Kiester, Minnesota, he was called to public office, serving as mayor for several years and giving the town a very progressive and businesslike administration. He became a member of the Calhoun Commercial Club and the Odin Club and is identified with the Scottish Rite bodies in Masonry. Dr. Urstad enlisted for service in the World war and was commissioned a captain of the medical corps, being stationed at Camp Greenleaf, Georgia. A contemporary biographer said of him: "America has been to him the land of opportunity, and he has thoroughly identified his interests with those of his adopted country, for which he feels a deep attachment. He is a self-made man who has ever recognized the fact that advancement goes hand in hand with energy, enterprise and determination. Industry and ability have enabled him to press steadily forward toward the desired goal and his fellow practitioners and the general public accord him a position of prominence in his profession." ARCHIE C. FORD Throughout an active and interesting career duty has ever been the motive of action of Archie C. Ford, who owns a fine poultry farm in the vicinity of Snohomish, and usefulness to his fellowmen has not been by any means a secondary consideration. He has performed well his part in life, having achieved definite success through his own efforts. Mr. Ford is a native of the state of Missouri, born in 1868, and is a son of Z. T. and Ellen (Drummond) Ford. When he was about one year old, the family moved to Tennessee, where the father engaged in the mercantile business, and in the public schools of that state our subject secured his educational training. He remained there until he was about sixteen years of age, when he started out to make his own way in the world. He turned his attention to coal mining, in which occupation he was engaged in a number of states. Going first to Minnesota, he worked in the mines of that state, and subsequently was in Tennessee, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming. He was in that work for seventeen years, spending thirteen years of that time with one company, and in 1910 he came to Washington, locating first at Mendota, where he spent four years, thereafter spending two years at Bayne and other places. In 1916 Mr. Ford came to his present place, which he had purchased the year before and which had been known as the old Erdman place. Of the twenty acres which he bought, a few acres had been cleared and some buildings constructed, and he has since done additional clearing. On coming here he entered the employ of the Three Lakes Lumber Company, with which he has remained continuously since, being employed as night watchman during the past three years. A peculiar fact connected with his career has been that the major portion of his work has been done at night. From the time he came here he kept a few chickens, but he has gradually increased his flock until he now has about six hundred White Leghorn hens, of the Hollywood strain. He has made a decided success of this business and purposes increasing his flock to about two thousand hens. He raises his own hatching eggs, of which he sells a good many, and it is his intention to establish his own hatchery. In 1905, in Tennessee, Mr. Ford was married to Miss Mattie Walters, who was born at Fulton, Kentucky, close to the Tennessee line, a daughter of A. J. and Sarah (Myers) Walters, both of whom were born in Tennessee. The father, who served in the Confederate army during the Civil war, died at the age of eighty-two years, and is survived by his widow, who still lives in Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Ford have no children of their own, but have an adopted son, Charles Halstead Ford, now six years of age, to whom they are giving the same loving care and attention that they would have given a child of their own. Mr. Ford is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He has taken a keen interest in local public affairs and has for several years been a member of the school board of the Three Lakes district, being the present clerk of the board. He belongs to Snohomish Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and to Tacoma Aerie, Fraternal Order of Eagles. He was at one time an active and prominent member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he attained the rank of past grand, but he is not how affiliated with that order. He has been successful in his business affairs, owning, in addition to his home place, some valuable property in Tacoma, as well as a homestead in Oklahoma. He entered that land while on a 194 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY trip there and had twenty-three months of litigation over the title, but finally won his case. During his career as a miner he took an intelligent interest in his work, in which he endeavored to excel, and to this end took a course in mining and mining engineering with the International School at Scranton. He is a man of progressive tendencies and stands for all that is best and most uplifting in community life. He is a close and thoughtful reader, keeping himself well informed on the great issues of the day, on which he holds decided opinions, and is an excellent conversationalist. His fine personal qualities, commendable public spirit and cordial and friendly disposition have won for him a warm place in the hearts of those with whom he comes in contact, and throughout the community he is admired and respected. JOHN THOMAS BEECROFT John Thomas Beecroft is one of Everett's well known realtors, and he has ever been actuated by that spirit of enterprise and determination which makes for individual success and also constitutes a strong factor in public growth and prosperity. A native of Canada, he was born October 19, 1879, in the province of Ontario. His father, James Beecroft, was a florist. John T. Beecroft lost both parents before he reached the age of eleven years, and he has fought life's battles alone and unaided. After leaving high school he clerked in various stores and in 1898, when a young man of nineteen, came to Everett, Washington. He was employed along many lines, making good use of his opportunities, and in 1908 entered the field of real estate, in which he has since continued. He has opened up several subdivisions and has been active in buying and selling farms and unimproved land. He has changed unsightly vacancies into fine residential districts, and his unusual foresight has enabled him to avoid dangerous projects. His operations are conducted on a large scale and his integrity is above question. In 1905 Mr. Beecroft married Miss Helen M. Schroeder, whose father, Henry Schroeder, was at one time a resident of St. Paul, Minnesota. He was one of the early settlers of Everett and became widely known as an expert in the construction of pianos and organs. Mr. and Mrs. Beecroft have become the parents of a daughter, Bettie, aged thirteen years. Mr. Beecroft belongs to the local association of real estate men, and he is a republican in his political views but has neither sought nor held public office, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. Genial, frank and unassuming, he has a wide circle of loyal friends, and Everett numbers him among its most useful and influential citizens. ALBERT R. FOYE A sterling representative of one of the worthy old families of Snohomish county was the late Albert R. Foye, whose sudden death occurred April 28, 1924, his passing being considered a distinct loss to the community in which he had resided. Mr. Foye was born in Black Hawk, Iowa, in 1868, and was a son of A. W. and Margaret (Buffington) Foye, the former of whom was a native of Maine and the latter of Pennsylvania. In the early '60s the family had moved to Iowa, but in 1871 they started for the Pacific coast, traveling by train to San Francisco over the newly constructed Union Pacific Railroad. From there they went to Victoria by water, by another steamer to Seattle, and then by steamboat, the old Black Diamond, to Snohomish, where they arrived July 30, 1871. On the following day the father located on the present Foye homestead, having bought of two Englishmen the rights to one hundred and sixty acres. The household goods and personal effects were brought to the place from Snohomish by boat, but the father walked in to his land. There were but few settlers in that neighborhood and his land had not even been logged, the timber being of an inferior quality. During their first years here they did all of their trading at Snohomish, making the trip by canoe. The father applied himself closely to the clearing of the tract and in the course of time developed a good farm and a comfortable home, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1910. His wife had passed away in 1898. Albert R. Foye was about three years of age when the family came here, and he received his educational training at the Tualco school. He spent the remaining years of his life here with the exception of one year when he lived on a ranch which he had rented near Portland, Oregon. After his marriage, in 1894, he moved to the present home place, which is a part of the old Foye homestead, and devoted himself closely to its operation. He cleared up a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISTI COUNTY 195 great deal of the land and made a number of good and substantial improvements, being considered a man of advanced and progressive ideas, and a well deserved success crowned his efforts. In 1894 Mr. Foye was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Burns, who was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, daughter of Thomas and Margaret (McCann) Burns, both of whom were natives of Ireland. They were married in their native land and the father farmed there until coming to the United States. In 1888 Mrs. Foye and her brother, Laurey Burns, came to Seattle, where they lived up to about the time of her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Foye were born five children, namely : Mrs. Ruby Austman, who died in 1920, and who was the mother of four children; Mary, who is the wife of David Nielson, of Seattle, and has a daughter, Patricia Helen ; Mrs. Belle Kirby, who lives in Los Angeles and is the mother of one child, Vonnie; Margaret, who is the wife of R. E. Smith, of Centralia, and has a son, Stanley; and Myrtle, the wife of J. T. Cooper, of Monroe. Since her husband's death Mrs. Foye has continued the operation of the farm, giving her principal attention to dairying. She is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. The improvements on the farm include a new and attractive residence, while the place is equipped to the best advantage for successful farming. Mr. Foye was a man of sterling character and possessed marked business ability, and during all the years of his residence in this community he commanded the unbounded confidence and the sincere esteem of his fellowmen. WILLIAM MILLER Coming to Washington in his youth, William Miller has experienced many phases of pioneer life in the Pacific northwest, bearing his full share in the work of development and progress, and he has long been classed with the substantial business men of Granite Falls. He was born in 1860 and is a native of Chicago, Illinois. His parents were John and Anna Miller, the former a stone mason. After the completion of his public school course William Miller learned the upholsterer's trade, which he followed in the middle west until he reached the age of twenty-two years. In 1882 he started for the Pacific coast and for a year lived in Seattle, Washington. He worked for three years in the coal mines of the state and on the expiration of that period established a laundry in Seattle. The building was destroyed in the fire of 1889, and he then settled in Snohomish county. When Everett was started he aided in the task of surveying the land and laying out the town, working for others until he was in a position to establish a business of his own. He then began the manufacture of charcoal, and for several years his attention was devoted to that industry. In 1895 he came to Granite Falls. He worked for some time in logging camps of this vicinity and then opened the Mountain View Hotel, which he operated for three years. He next purchased a tract of one hundred and sixty acres and for two years concentrated his energies upon the task of cultivating the soil. After selling the farm Mr. Miller built a modern home in Granite Falls and in 1917 purchased a desirable business corner in the town. He has since been engaged in the grocery business and in the conduct of his store brings to bear broad experience, mature judgment and progressive ideas. He is an honest merchant and his trade has constantly increased. In 1903 Mr. Miller married Miss Mary Tucker, a native of Indiana, and they became the parents of two children, but William Lowell, the first born, is deceased. Their daughter, Anna, is the wife of Ralph W. Pullen and resides in Granite Falls. Mr. Miller is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has filled the office of deputy sheriff and also served as town marshal for a few years. He is a self-made man whose enterprise, ability and public spirit are well known to the residents of Granite Falls and have met with a rich return of personal regard as well as a gratifying measure of prosperity. JAMES B. BEST The foremost name in the history of modern journalism of Snohomish county is James B. Best. His editorial career was the longest, his influence the greatest and he gave to the county its first really modern daily newspaper. Mr. Best was born in Chatham, New York, March 31, 1864, and he died in California, March 27, 1922. He was a graduate of Amherst College in the class of 1885 and of Columbia College Law School in the class of 1888. Immediately following the close of his college career he went to Tacoma, where he practiced law 196 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY until 1895, when he returned to New York to engage in newspaper work and where he established a magazine, "The Progress of the World." Returning to the Pacific coast he was for a short time employed as business manager of the Tacoma Ledger and in 1902 he came to Everett to organize and manage the Everett Herald, as a representative of S. A. Perkins, who was then the owner of a number of Washington newspapers. Mr. Perkins did not have the same faith in the future of Everett as Mr. Best gained from his work here and the time came, in 1905, when the latter was able to buy a controlling interest in the Herald business. Its new building, on the corner of Wall and Colby, had just been erected. Having every confidence in the future of Everett, Mr. Best steadily improved the plant, striving always to keep ahead of the requirements of the newspaper, rather than to lag behind. In this way he built up a finely equipped office as well as a newspaper of power and influence. It took, however, many years of steady application, industry and self-denial to arrive at this goal. His interest was not confined to his newspaper and he took a prominent part in all that made for the welfare of the community, which to him meant Snohomish county. Firmly convinced that future prosperity rested with agricultural development, he purchased a small tract of land lying between Everett and Snohomish and there conducted a series of experiments in horticulture, truck gardening and poultry raising, which were eagerly watched by the farmers of the county and which benefitted them greatly. It was through his efforts that the first agricultural agent was secured for Snohomish county, and his experimental farm was the scene of the first farm demonstration along many lines. Mr. Best early became convinced that one great hindrance to the welfare of the farmers was the bad road, and he inaugurated a campaign of education along this line, continuing the agitation for years, both through his newspaper and by addresses throughout the county. He was undismayed when a bond issue for paved highways was defeated in 1912 and continued the fight for good roads without the loss of a day until the bond issue for one million eight hundred thousand dollars, which gave Snohomish its unexcelled road system, was victorious in 1915. As a part of this long campaign of education Mr. Best organized the Good Roads Association and secured the purchase of dragging implements, thus giving the people proof of the value and convenience of better highways. Mr. Best was a member of many civic clubs and active in all the various movements for the welfare of the city and county, but he gave special attention to these two things—improved agriculture and better roads—and he did more for their attainment than any one other man in the county. His was a prolonged illness, and during it the management of his business interests fell to the lot of his wife, who since his death has become publisher and manager of the newspaper, which represented his life work, and has carried it on, maintaining in every department the high ideals which he had established for the guidance of the Herald. He was survived by his wife, Gertrude Delprat Best, and his son, Robert, and the people mourned with them over the loss of a genuine friend and one of the most constructive forces the county had ever known. NORMAN K. JOHNSON Norman K. Johnson, a representative and honored citizen of Snohomish county, has been distinctively the architect of his own fortunes. He is a man who would have won his way in any locality where fate might have placed him, for he possesses sound judgment, great energy and upright principles, all of which make for success wherever and whenever they are rightly and peristently applied. He was born in Bay-field, Bayfield county, Wisconsin, and is a son of P. 0. and Christine (Hanson) Johnson, both of whom are natives of Norway, where they were reared and married. The father came to the United States in 1883, at the age of seventeen years, and after looking the country over and deciding to make his permanent home here he returned to Norway, where he was married, and then brought his bride to this country. Locating in Wisconsin, he followed fishing on Lake Superior for a time, but in 1901 the family came to Kitsap county, Washington, where he took up a tract of wild land, which he developed into a good farm, and they are still living there. N. K. Johnson secured his education in the public schools of Kitsap county and remained on the home farm with his father until 1911, when he went to Skagit county, where he worked until 1914. He then came to Snohomish county and was here associated with his brother, J. E. Johnson, until the United States entered the World war, when, in April, 1917, he enlisted for active service. Two weeks later he was assigned to the Second Infantry Regiment and was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 197 on his way to Honolulu. Eleven recruits were assigned to each company of the regular troops and this arrangement made it a splendid school for the younger men. After remaining in Honolulu fourteen months, Mr. Johnson was returned to this country and assigned to Camp Fremont, California, where he remained two months, going from there to Camp Dodge, Iowa, where he remained about sixteen months. After receiving his honorable discharge from the army, Mr. Johnson returned to Snohomish county and was with his brother for a time. He then moved onto his present place, comprising eighteen acres of good land, to the clearing and improvement of which he has devoted his attention, with the result that he has developed it into a very comfortable and attractive home. He is giving his attention largely to the chicken business, in which he has been eminently successful. He now has three hundred and fifty White Leghorn hens, to which he intends making large additions, and is also .making arrangements to do his own hatching. He keeps four good grade cows, for which he raises his own roughage and feed, and also has a nice bearing orchard for family use. He has devoted himself indefatigably to the interests of the ranch, and the success which is crowning his efforts has been well merited. In 1921 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Hattie H. Taylor, who was born in Minnesota, a daughter of C. H. and Lilly (Crossland) Taylor, both of whom were natives of Wisconsin. They came to Washington in 1905, living in Seattle and Everett until the death of the father, in 1924, since when the mother has lived near our subject's home. Mrs. Johnson is a cultured and well educated woman, who has been engaged in teaching in this locality for about twelve years and is now teaching in the Three Lakes school. Mr. Johnson is a man of quiet and unasuming manner, but possesses much force of character. He stands ready to cooperate with his fellow citizens in all efforts to improve the community and throughout the range of his acquaintance is very well thought of. CHARLES ADDISON CLEVELAND Coming to Snohomish county in pioneer times, Charles Addison Cleveland has wisely improved his opportunities, never fearing that laborious effort which must ever precede ascendancy, and he is now numbered among the substantial business men and valuable citizens of Startup. He was born in Coos county, New Hampshire, in 1867 and is a son of William H. and Ellen (Darling) Cleveland. His parents settled in Snohomish, Washington, in 1909 and his father has reached the ninety-second milestone on life's journey, while the mother is seventy-three years of age. Charles A. Cleveland received a public school education and remained in the east until he was eighteen years of age. Responding to the call of adventure, he came to the Pacific coast and in 1885 secured employment in the Blackman mill at Snohomish, Washington. He also worked in the lumber camps and when he had accumulated sufficient capital embarked in the hotel business. He also engaged in mining in the Monte Cristo district and is now the owner of the Wallace River Inn at Startup. This is an excellent hostelry, homelike, comfortable and efficiently managed. Mr. Cleveland is a popular host, as well as an astute business man, and the Inn is a credit to the town. In 1917 Mr. Cleveland was united in marriage to Mrs. Elizabeth Sheedy, who also came to the county during the early stages of its development, and they have an extensive circle of loyal friends. Mr. Cleveland is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and his political allegiance is given to the democratic party. He was appointed marshal of Snohomish. in 1890 and in 1892 was made deputy sheriff, discharging the duties of these offices with conscientiousness and efficiency. Mr. Cleveland has witnessed the progress of civilization in this section of the state, rejoicing in what has been accomplished, and his conversation is enriched with interesting reminiscences of the early days. He has found life well worth the living, making the most of it day by day, and is esteemed for the qualities that have made possible his success. GEORGE ALBERT STRICKLAND No branch of municipal government, particularly that pertaining to the public safety, exceeds in importance that of the fire department, and the men who devote their time, and frequently risk their lives, in discharge of the duties of this branch of service deserve the respect and admiration of their fellow citizens. Among the veteran members of the Everett 198 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY fire department stands Lieutenant George Albert Strickland, who has had a long and honorable career and one of which he may justifiably be proud. He is a native of South Haven, Michigan, born in 1884, and is a son of Carlos H. and Ada A. (Howard) Strickland, the former of whom was a native of Illinois and the latter of Michigan, both being descendants of old American families. The father was for a number of years engaged in mercantile business in Illinois, but subsequently moved to the state of Michigan, where he established his permanent home. Lieutenant Strickland secured his education in the public schools of Michigan, which he attended until the age of sixteen years, when, in 1900, he came with his mother to Everett, Snohomish county, where he has resided continuously since. His first employment here was as a clerk in McFall Brothers' grocery store, where he remained for three years, after which he was successively with the Ridgway grocery, the A. Thensen grocery and the Everett Mercantile Company. In January, 1905, he was appointed a volunteer fireman, and on the 18th of June, he became a member of the Everett fire department, as a pipeman, in which capacity he continued for two years, when he was made a lieutenant and one year later was promoted to captain. After holding that rank for six years, he resigned the captaincy and served as a driver until 1923, when he again became a lieutenant, which position he now holds. As regards continuous service, Lieutenant Strickland is the second in seniority in the department. He has back of him a splendid record as a fire fighter, having shown coolness and courage under the severest conditions, while his judgment and sound common sense in the handling of fires has frequently been highly commended by his fellow citizens. He was instrumental in capturing the "firebug", who within a few months started the fires that caused a loss of half a million dollars in Everett. In 1914, Lieutenant Strickland was married to Miss Agnes Oczkewicz, who is a native of Merrill, Wisconsin, and a daughter of Ignatz and Amelia (Wientse) Oczkewicz, both of whom were natives of Germany. Her girlhood was spent in her native state and she came to Everett in 1909, being employed in W. H. Clever's store for a number of years prior to her marriage. Lieutenant and Mrs. Strickland are the parents of four children : Genevieve Marie, Helen Carmelita, Agnes Adrienne and George Albert, Jr. Lieutenant Strickland is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose, of which he is a past dictator and is now serving as a trustee, while politically he maintains an independent attitude, voting for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. Mrs. Strickland is a member of the Women of Mooseheart Legion, of which she has been junior regent, and of the Royal Neighbors, while her religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. Lieutenant Strickland is a man of quiet and unassuming manner but possesses to a marked degree those qualities of character which commend a man to the favor of his fellowmen. He takes the proper interest in the general welfare of the community, supporting all measures for the public good, while in his social relations he is genial and friendly, standing deservedly high in the esteem and good will of all who know him. WILLIAM E. MANSFIELD Alert, enterprising and capable, William E. Mansfield is justly accounted one of the representative business men of Arlington, and through his operations in connection with the drug trade he is stimulating its commercial development. He was born in Cass county, Michigan, in 1872, and his parents, G. W. and Josephine Mansfield, have passed away. Mr. Mansfield was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of Michigan. He remained in the Wolverine state until after his father's demise and in 1900 came to Washington in company with his mother. She lived for a time in Everett and her death occurred in Monroe, Washington, in 1909. The subject of this sketch secured a position as clerk in one of the drug stores of Everett and zealously applied himself to his tasks. When he had accumulated sufficient capital he started a business of his own, opening a drug store in Seattle, and later transferred his activities to Monroe, where he remained until 1912. He was engaged in the same business at Marysville, Washington, for seven years and in 1919 came to Arlington, purchasing the stock of J. B. Riley. Mr. Mansfield has a highly specialized knowledge of the drug business, which has constituted his life work, and his store is well patronized. He is very careful in filling prescriptions and his prices are moderate. In 1891 Mr. Mansfield married Miss Alice Van Riper, of Michigan, and four children were born to them, namely : W. W., manager of the Liggett store and a resident of Boston, Massachusetts ; Robert C., a prominent druggist of Portland, Oregon ; Marjorie, the wife of H. C. Schumacher, who manages her father's drug store at Issaquah, Washington; and Margaret, who was united in marriage to J. F. Van Guilder, a well known landscape gardener of Seattle. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 199 Mr. Mansfield is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is allied with the republican party and conscientiously discharges the duties of citizenship. He served as mayor of Marysville and while in Monroe was a member of the school board. He has made good use of his time, never losing sight of his objective, in the attainment of which he has exercised intelligence and good judgment, and his success is well deserved. FRED A. GERBER Fred A. Gerber enjoys distinctive prestige among the citizens of southwestern Snohomish county, where he is successfully engaged in the chicken business. By his own efforts he has forged his way to a position of independence, and his standing as a man and a citizen is an enviable one. A native of Switzerland, he was born December 5, 1868, and is a son of Andrew and Barbara (Ruch) Gerber, both of whom are deceased. The father was a weaver by occupation. Our subject received his education in the public schools of his native land and learned the trade of a shoemaker. In 1890 he left Switzerland and came to the United States, locating in Canton, South Dakota, where he followed his trade for a while, and then turned his attention to farming, operating rented land. In 1900 Mr. Gerber went to Oregon, locating near Portland, where he bought a small farm, on which he lived five years. In 1905 he came to Snohomish county and for about four years operated rented land, and then acquired fifty-three acres of the old M. M. Morgan place, of which he later sold fifteen acres. The land was practically all cleared and he made a number of good improvements, including the building of a comfortable and attractive house. During his first years here he engaged in dairy farming, but is now devoting his attention to chickens, of which he keeps about seventeen hundred, and to fruit and berries. On July 8, 1896, in South Dakota, Mr. Gerber was united in marriage to Miss Mary F. Francis, who is a native of Wisconsin, a daughter of Thomas and Margaret (James) Francis, both of whom were natives of Wales, Mr. Francis following farming as an occupation, and both of whom died in Spring Green, Wisconsin. They were pioneers of that state, and when they first went there they could have bought at a very low figure land which is now in the center of Milwaukee. To Mr. and Mrs. Gerber have been born three children. Francis, who lives in Yakima, Washington, was married to Miss Mildred Kirk, and they have two children, Mary La Rene and Jacqueline Melba. Ruth, who is the wife of Glenn Rowley, of Beverley Park, was a trained nurse and a graduate of the Everett General Hospital. Mildred Louise is in the Monroe high school. Glenn Rowley is a veteran of the World war, having seen active service overseas with the United States Coast Artillery. To him and his wife have been born two children, Barbara Mae and Margaret Lenore. Francis Gerber was also in the service in France, having been a motorcycle scout, and later a truck driver, hauling ammunition to the front lines during the Argonne offensive. Though constantly in action, he was not wounded. Mr. Gerber has been keenly interested in educational affairs and served seven years as clerk of the Tualco school board. He has been for twenty-eight years a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and while living in the east was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In addition to his other affairs, he drives the school bus along the Seattle highway, carrying pupils from the King county line to the Tualco school and the Monroe high school. Mrs. Gerber was a school teacher from her sixteenth year up to the time of her marriage, teaching in Wisconsin and Iowa. She is now clerk of the school board in district No. 322, and is president of the Parent-Teachers Association of the Tualco district. She is a member of the Women's Benefit Association of the Maccabees, and she and her husband are members of the Grange, Mr. Gerber belonging also to the Snohomish County Poultry and Egg Association. In every relation of life he has been true to every trust and has long commanded the fullest measure of public confidence. JOHN L. SKIPLEY One of the conspicuous characters of the Everett neighborhood is John L. Skipley, who has had a somewhat varied career and who is now successfully engaged in dairy farming. Faithfulness to duty and strict adherence to a fixed purpose have been dominating factors in his life, which has been replete with honor and success worthily attained. A native of Norway, 200 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY his birth occurred on the 21st of November, 1863, and he is a son of Lars J. and Anna (Skutle) Skipley, farming folk, who spent their lives and died in that country. John L. Skipley attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then worked out until 1885, when, desiring a larger field for individual advancement, he came to the United States. He first located at Wilmar, Minnesota, where lived an uncle and aunt, Ole and Carrie Skutle, brother and sister. After remaining there three years, he went to Brown county, South Dakota, where he was for a short time employed in the maintenance department of the Great Northern Railroad, and then in the fall of that year he was out with a threshing outfit. Returning to Minnesota, he was employed as a bridge carpenter by the Great Northern Railroad for about seven years. He then went to Minneapolis, where he secured work as a carpenter in the shops of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. He later returned to Wil-mar and for a number of years followed his trade in that vicinity, doing a great deal of building there. In 1903 Mr. Skipley came to Everett, Washington, where he remained but a short time, going from there to Seattle, where he followed his trade about a year. In 1904 he bought his present home place of fifty acres, which had been logged but was badly covered with brush, logs and stumps, and he at once applied himself to the clearing of this land, which entailed a good deal of hard work. He now has about twenty-five acres cleared, and he himself built the splendid house and other farm buildings which are on the place. Mr. Skipley has devoted his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping high grade milk cows, as well as a registered Guernsey sire, and on his fertile and well cultivated land he raises practically all the feed and roughage required for his stock. He has exercised sound judgment and discrimination in his operations and is enjoying well deserved success. At Wilmar, Minnesota, Mr. Skipley was married to Miss Mary Thompson, who was born in Norway, and they are the parents of four children, namely : Anna, who is the wife of Charles Francy, of Everett ; Lawton, employed at the Pacific grocery, Everett ; Lollie who lives at home and is employed at the Bank of Commerce, Everett; and Harold, who remains at home. Mr. Skipley is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has taken a commendable interest in the welfare and prosperity of his community and has rendered splendid service as a member of the Fobes school board. He was a commissioner of drainage district No. 6 at the time of its organization, serving for two years. He and County Engineer Lemfest were mainly instrumental in securing the necessary signatures for the construction of the new road through this community, and it was also largely through his personal efforts that the paper route and mail route were established through this locality. His religious connection is with the Lutheran church of which he is a liberal supporter, as he is of every worthy cause. He has ever enjoyed the respect and esteem of those who know him, because of his friendly manner, business ability, his interest in public affairs and his upright life, and is regarded by all as one of the substantial and most worthy citizens of the community, in whose progress and development he has taken a conspicuous part. GEORGE JACOB ZORN The biography of George Jacob Zorn is that of a man who has lived to good purpose and achieved a large degree of success, solely by his own efforts. He has made his way to a respected position in the agricultural world, winning the hearty admiration of the people of his community and earning a reputation as an enterprising, progressive man of affairs. He was born at Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1845, and is a son of G. J. and Margaret (Koch) Zorn, both of whom were born in Bavaria, Germany. The father came to the United States about 1835, locating in Ross county, Ohio, of which locality he was a pioneer. He established a brickyard, in the management of which he was successful, and supplied practically all the bricks used in construction work in that locality. He died when forty years of age, in Chillicothe, Ohio. In 1866 the family moved to Iowa. George J. Zorn received his education in the public schools of Ohio and was then engaged in the grocery business for fifteen years. For several years thereafter he was employed as a commercial traveler, selling nursery stock, and on the death. of his father he, being the eldest son, assumed the burden of supporting the family. In 1909 Mr. Zorn left Iowa, where, in addition to his regular duties, he had done a good deal of office work, sufficient to undermine his health to some degree, and came to the state of Washington. He spent that winter in Everett, employing the time in looking for a location, and on January 17, 1910, he bought four acres of land, comprising his present place. Here he has made considerable improvements, including the removal of many stumps which encumbered the tract. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 201 He is interested mainly in the raising of berries, fruit and chickens. He has two acres in raspberries, which are in fine bearing condition, and has four hundred laying hens, which number he proposes to increase to one thousand as quickly as possible. Mr. Zorn has been twice married—first, in Indiana, to Miss Elizabeth Boese, who was born at Lawrenceburg, Indiana, and who died in Iowa in 1880. To this union were born five children. Charles W., who lives in California, is married and has three children. Lilly May is the wife of Professor C. W. Hertzler, of Berea College, at Berea, Ohio, and they have three children, one of whom is Professor J. O. Hertzler, of the University of Nebraska. He is married and has a daughter, Bettie May. Frank is married and lives in Beloit, Wisconsin. George J., Jr., is married and lives at Claremont, California. Horace L., of Seattle, is married and has one child. On September 1, 1893, at Burlington, Iowa, Mr. Zorn was married to Miss Magdalena Pfaff, who is a native of Bavaria, Germany, whence she came to this country with a sister. She is a daughter of Peter and Agnes (Eymann) Pfaff, both of whom were lifelong residents of Germany. To this second union was born a daughter, Helen Elizabeth, who is the wife of Stephen Gilbertson, of Snohomish, and they have a son, Louis George. Mr. Zorn is a member of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association and takes a deep interest in everything affecting in any way the material, civic or moral welfare of the county or community, giving his earnest support to all movements of a beneficial nature. His splendid personality, his long and useful life, his straightforward manner and his friendly disposition have won him a high place in public regard. JOHN A. CARLSON The qualities which have made John A. Carlson one of the prominent and successful men of Snohomish county have also brought him the esteem of his fellowmen, for his career has been one of well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods. It would be hard to find in this section of the state a more progressive, scientific and industrious farmer and dairyman than he, and his career is well worthy of emulation. A native of Sweden, his birth occurred in 1867, and he is a son of Carl M. and Christine (Jones) Johnson, both of whom spent their lives and died in that country. The father was for many years a government employe, but later turned his attention to farming. John A. Carlson secured his educational training in the public schools of his native land, and also attended school to some extent after coming to this country. He came here in 1886 and located at Galesburg, Illinois, where he had an uncle, Mr. Blumquist, who was a veteran of the Civil war. Mr. Carlson secured employment on construction work on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroad for a few months, and then went to Wisconsin, where for a short time he worked in the pine woods ; but, not liking the climate there, he came to Port= land, Oregon, in 1887. Here he was employed in the lumber business for a few years, and then, in 1894, went to the vicinity of Aberdeen, where he was in the lumbering business, on mill and boom work mainly. In 1897 he went to Everett, where he was similarly employed. He then established a camp at Skykomish, King county, which he maintained several years for a shingle company, and also had a logging camp for the Skykomish Lumber Company. Later he took in a partner and they had a camp of their own at the mouth of the canal, in which Mr. Carlson remained interested until buying his present farm, when he sold his camp interests. He settled on his forty acre tract in 1902 and at once proceeded to the arduous task of getting the place in shape for cultivation. The land had been logged, but was covered with stumps and a dense stand of second growth timber and brush. He now has about fifteen acres cleared and has made many permanent and substantial improvements on the place, his buildings being conveniently arranged and well built. In the process of clearing the tract, he took out a vast amount of shingle bolts and many fine logs. In his first years here Mr. Carlson gave a good deal of attention to the raising of hogs, but now confines himself largely to the dairy business, keeping from sixteen to twenty high grade milk cows and a thoroughbred Guernsey sire. He has been eminently successful in all his operations and has shown business qualities of a high order. In 1895 Mr. Carlson was married to Miss Ina Thompson, who was born in Meeker county, Minnesota, daughter of John and Jane Thompson. Her father was a native of Norway and came to this country during the latter part of the Civil war, and he enlisted and served a short period. The mother was a native of Wisconsin, of which state her parents were early pioneers, and one of her mother's brothers was the first white child born in Meeker county, Minnesota. To Mr. and Mrs. Carlson have been born three children, namely : Mrs. Clara 202 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Carlson, of Seattle; Jesse Austin, of Everett, who is married and has one child, Ardelle; and Gladys, who is the wife of M. Frahm, of Beverly Park, and the mother of a son, John M. Mr. Carlson has been a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association from the time of its organization. He has long taken an effective interest in local educational affairs and was formerly a member of the Riverview school board, later serving on the Swan Trail school board, the new schoolhouse being built while he was a member of the board. He is now chairman of the drainage commissioners of district No. 6. Fraternally he is a member of the Brotherhood of American Yeomen. He has been a close observer of modern methods and is a student at all times of whatever pertains to his life work. As farmer, public official or private citizen, he has been true to himself and his fellowmen, and he is therefore eminently deserving of the enviable place which he has long held in the confidence and good will of all who know him. ASHAEL RANDOLPH BURTT Among the citizens of Everett who have built comfortable homes and placed themselves in independent circumstances, few have attained greater success than has Ashael Randolph Burtt. With few opportunities, and with many discou -agements to overcome, he has achieved distinct success, and now, in the golden sunset years of his career, has the gratification of knowing that he has done his full duty in all the relations of life and that the community is better for his presence and his influence. Mr. Burtt was born in Carleton county, New Brunswick, in 1854, and is a son of David and Katherine (McNally) Burtt, both of whom also were natives of that locality. Indeed, several generations of the family had lived there, though the ancestral line is traced to Scottish origin. Ashael R. Burtt was reared on his father's farm and secured his education in the public schools. When about twenty years of age he engaged in farming on his own account, continuing that line of work for about two years. In 1876 he came to the Pacific coast, landing at San Francisco, whence he took the steamer Panama for Port Townsend, Washington, and then hired a plunger (a sail boat) to take him to Port Gamble, where he obtained employment in a mill. He worked there from September until the following February, and then went to Seabeck, where he worked for the Washington mill and in logging camps until 1879. He then bought a half interest in two yoke of oxen and in partnership with Samuel Cotton was engaged in logging at that place during that summer. In 1881 he sold his interest in the oxen and subsequently bought eight ox teams, with which he engaged in logging on Black's point, Hood's canal. He continued his operations there for eighteen years, during which time he took off a tremendous amount of timber, taking eight million feet off in one place alone. Mr. Burtt then sold his equipment and engaged in buying tiles and poles for F. H. Folson, of Seattle, with whom he remained about five months. About 1898 he built a creosoting plant at Lowell, which he ran for about two years, and he also owned some stock at about that time. In 1900 Mr. Burtt came to Everett and entered the employ of Robert Angel, for whom he bought poles for about two years. He then went to Seattle and in partnership with B. G. Campbell and Frank Backus formed the Puget Timber Company, of which he became president, and whose purpose was the buying and selling of telephone poles and piles. After holding the presidency of that company about ten years, he sold his interest in the business and thereafter was retired from active affairs until 1922, when in partnership with three other men he built a sawmill four miles from Concrete, becoming president of that company. They operated the enterprise for two years, when, on July 7, 1925, the plant was destroyed by fire, since which time Mr. Burtt has not been very active, doing some buying and selling as favorable opportunity offers. In 1887 Mr. Burtt was married to Miss Annie Pierce, who was born at Duckabush, on Hood's canal, a daughter of Thomas and Mary Ellen (McCabe) Pierce, both of whom were born in Maine, the former at Machias and the latter at West Machias. Mrs. Burtt is descended from a long line of sturdy old American ancestry. Her father came to the coast in 1859, making the long voyage around Cape Horn. After remaining here three or four years, he returned to Maine, was married, and returned to Washington, buying a tract of land at Ducka-bush, where he engaged in farming, his place comprising about two hundred acres. He remained there until shortly before his death, when he came to Everett, where he passed away. His wife had died in Seattle. To Mr. and Mrs. Burtt has been born one child, Laura May, who was born at Seattle, secured her early education at Hood's canal and then was graduated from the Everett high school. She became the wife of Fred Maxwell, and they are now living in. Puyallup, Washington, where he is operating a garage. Mr. Burtt is a member of the Bene- ASHAEL R. BURTT HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 205 volent Protective Order of Elks, while his political faith is that of the republican party. Mrs. Burtt is a communicant of the Protestant Episcopal church. Mr. Burtt is a generous supporter of all worthy benevolent or charitable causes and gives his hearty endorsement to every measure proposed for the advancement of the general welfare of the community. His career has been characterized by hard and continuous work, and he has shown such attributes of character in all of his affairs as to entitle him to the confidence and esteem of the entire community, which is universally accorded him. ALEXANDER MUNDELL One of the successful poultry farmers and respected citizens of Snohomish county is Alexander Mundell, a man whose biography furnishes a splendid example of what may be accomplished through determined purpose, laudable ambition and well directed efforts. Starting out in life a poor boy, he has steadily worked his way upward, winning success in his chosen field of endeavor. A native of the state of West Virginia, he was born in 1864, and is a son of Abner and Melinda (Founds) Mundell, both of whom also were natives of the Mountain state and whose respective families were long resident in that locality. Our subject's paternal great-grandfather was a soldier of the war of the Revolution and was with Washington at Valley Forge. Alexander Mundell secured his education in the public schools of his native state and was reared to the life of a farmer. After completing his education he remained a while on the home farm and then went to work for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, being employed in train service. He then returned to the home farm. When he was about fifteen years old the family had spent one summer in California and Oregon, and the Pacific coast country had made so favorable an impression on the young man that in 1886 he came west, locating first at Ellensburg, Kittitas county, and going from there soon afterward to the Northern Pacific Railroad coal mines. His mother had died when he was but a lad, and his father also came to Washington, taking up a homestead in the Big Bend country. Our subject was employed in the Roslyn coal mines about fourteen years, during four years of which he was in charge at the head of the mine. On leaving this mine he went to Montana for a short time, but later returned to Everett, where and in the vicinity of which he has remained continuously since. For twenty-one years he was in the employ of the Ferry-Baker Lumber Company as watchman, his long retention in that position testifying to his faithful and efficient service. In 1918 Mr. Mundell had bought ten acres of land, with the intention of making it his future permanent home, and in 1921 he carried his purpose into effect by locating on the land and beginning its improvement. A part of that tract is now cleared and the necessary improvements have been made, the place having been converted into an up-to-date chicken farm. He has about fifteen hundred White Leghorn hens, of the Tancred strain, and is meeting with splendid success in this line of effort. In 1886 Mr. Mundell was married to Miss Amelia Bertrand, who was born and reared in Ohio, daughter of Frank Bertrand. To this union have been born two children : Clarence, who died in infancy; and Bertrand J., who was born at Roslyn, Washington, and who is now assisting his father in the chicken business. He was married to Miss Myrtle Swanson, and they have a son, David. Mr. Mundell is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He has always taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs, and while living at Roslyn he served three terms as city marshal and served on the city council, and he was for many years a special deputy sheriff of this county. He is a man of sound judgment, energetic in his methods and honest in all his business relations, and enjoys a splendid reputation. J. M. MORGAN J. M. Morgan, whose sterling qualities have rendered him a valuable citizen of his locality and well worthy of mention among others whose efforts have been directed toward the progress and upbuilding of the community, was born in Ulster county, New York, on the 14th of May, 1856, and is a son of G. W. and Matilda (Morris) Morgan. His father, who was a native of New Jersey, was a maker of charcoal for iron works, and he is now deceased. The mother, who was born in New York city, came to the coast late in life and resided here for a number of years, dying in 1917. J. M. Morgan received his education in the public schools of New York and Michigan, 206 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY having moved to the latter state in 1871. He there engaged in farming, owning forty acres of land, and also did considerable work in the woods. In 1883 he came to Seattle, Washington, and spent four years in the woods near that city, at the end of which time he bought a tract of land near Sultan, Snohomish county, containing eighty acres, and which had been known as the Louis Bernard ranch. There was at that time only a very poor wagon road to Sultan, and he was compelled to go to Snohomish for supplies, while heavy freight was brought by canoe on the river. The land had been logged and Mr. Morgan worked on the place at odd times, eventually clearing between five and six acres. In 1903 he sold that place and bought a small plot of ground near Sultan, on the old road to Monroe. He lived there until 1908, using it as a home only, as during that period he worked in the woods and in a shingle bolt camp, and was also doing much timber cruising. In 1911 Mr. Morgan went to Gridley, California, near which place he bought ten acres of land, which he farmed until his mother's death, in 1917, when he returned to Sultan, being employed as a filer and in the woods. He now owns seventy-six acres of land across the river from Sultan, and resides there. Mr. Morgan comes of good old American stock in both lines of descent, his maternal ancestors having lived in this country for several generations, while on the paternal side the family was established in the colonies prior to the war of the Revolution. He has contributed his part to the development of Snohomish county. He served as road boss for several years, and donated much time and labor to the building of new roads and the straightening of old roads, and in various other ways has always shown a spirit of cooperation in the advancement of enterprises for the benefit of the community. He is a member of the Grange at Sultan and is a popular member of the circles in which he moves. P. J. WALEN P. J. Walen, railroad station agent at Silvana and also the owner of what is generally conceded to be one of the finest small herds of pure bred Holstein cattle in the country, has by his splendid record in railroad service, his uniform courtesy and accommodation, and his fine public spirit, earned the respect and esteem of the entire community, and he is eminently entitled to representation among the men who have labored for the improvement and development of the county in which he lives. Mr. Walen was born at Stordoen, Norway, on the 27th of December, 1870, and is a son of L. J. and Aasa Walen, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country and are now deceased. The father was a well educated man and for many years was a teacher in a seminary at Stordoen. He died in 1890 and was survived many years by his widow, who passed away in 1914. They were the parents of ten children, namely : Lewis, deceased ; Martha ; Nels ; Marie ; Jacob, deceased ; Viking, deceased ; Hannah; Jens ; P. J. and Viking, deceased. P. J. Walen received a good education and in 1886, at the age of sixteen years, he came to the United States, locating at Atwater, Minnesota. He went to school there and during vacation periods he learned the art of telegraphy. In 1889 he went to work as a telegrapher for the Great Northern Railroad at Kerkhoven, Minnesota, and two months later was transferred to Herman, Minnesota, where he remained a year. He was then appointed station agent at Smith Lake, Minnesota, where he remained six years, followed by five years' service in the same capacity at Dassel, Minnesota. He then quit railroading and engaged in a general mercantile business at Denison, Minnesota, for three years, at the end of which time he sold out and again entered railroad service. In 1904 he came to Edmonds, Washington, and soon afterward was made cashier for the railroad at Bellingham. One year later he was made station agent at Blaine, Washington, where he remained a year, and was then two years at Milan, Washington, followed by one year at Monroe. He was then transferred to Silvana and has been agent here continuously since 1912. In 1914 Mr. Walen bought twenty-eight acres of land adjoining the town of Silvana and which at that time was covered with brush and stumps. He has cleared the land and has made many fine improvements on the place, including a good house and barn, as well as a silo and cow shed. The major portion of the land is devoted to hay and pasture, though he also raises enough oats, peas and vetch to fill his silo. With sound judgment and commendable farsightedness, Mr. Walen bought a herd of cattle that is a credit to the county and a source of great satisfaction to him. He has fifteen high-testing registered Holstein cows, and one of the purest registered bulls in the county, it having been brought here from Minnesota. One of his cows, on an official test for the month of May, 1925, in the junior four class, made thirty pounds of butter, being the sixth highest cow in the country in the test for that month HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 207 in her class. In this enterprise Mr. Walen has set a worthy example and doubtless has stimulated an interest in pure bred stock in this locality. His cattle took many first, senior champion and grand champion honors at the fair held in Everett in 1926. On June 21, 1892, Mr. Walen was united in marriage to Miss Ida Armstrong, who was born at Smith Corners, Ontario, Canada, and is a daughter of Robert J. and Sarah Armstrong, also natives of that country. The father followed farming and lived there until 1902, when he came to Washington, and his death occurred at Bellingham in November, 1925. His widow is still living in that city. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Ida ; Hattie ; Grace ; George, deceased ; William, deceased ; Ben S. and Edwin. To Mr. and Mrs. Walen have been born three children, namely : Aasa, born June 27, 1893, died in November 1897, at Dassel, Minnesota. Nels R., born at Dassel, July 16, 1900, is married and has two children, Robert Donald and Lois Jeanette. Harold Gradon, born at Blaine, Washington, January 7, 1907, was graduated from the Arlington high school and is now a student in the University of Washington. Nels R. is operating his father's farm. Mr. Walen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, of which he was one of the organizers in 1915, and served one year as president of the association at Silvana. Fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons at Arlington ; has been clerk of Silvana Camp, Modern Woodmen of America, for thirteen years, having been a member of that order since 1903 ; and belongs to Silvana Lodge, Sons of Norway. He is in thorough sympathy with every movement or enterprise having for its object the advancement of the community along any legitimate line and has well merited the high place which he holds in popular confidence and esteem. WILLIAM DEHNHOFF One of the leading citizens of the western part of Snohomish county is William Dehnhoff, who after a long and successful career as farmer and carpenter is now living in comparative retirement in his comfortable home near Snohomish. He is one of the connecting links between the pioneer epoch and the present, having come here when the country was wild and only sparsely settled and wild game was in abundance. He has lived to see the county developed into one of the leading sections of this great commonwealth, and no one has taken greater pride in its upbuilding than he, for he is of that type of men who believe in pushing forward the wheels of progress. Mr. Dehnhoff was born near Berlin, Germany, on the 15th of May, 1850, and is a son of August and Christina Dehnhoff, both of whom also were natives of that country. In 1876 they came to the United States, locating in Wisconsin, where the father followed his vocation, that of a tailor, up to the time of his death, he and his wife both passing away in that state. The subject of this sketch secured his education in the public schools of his native country and was reared to manhood there. He accompanied his parents on their removal to this country in 1876 and for a number of years was employed in the woods and mills of Wisconsin. In 1888 he came to Snohomish county, and here also he worked in the woods, and likewise did a good deal of carpentering, following the latter trade to some extent up to recent years. A year or two after coming here he bought his present place of two acres, which he cleared of the stumps and brush which encumbered it, and created a very comfortable and attractive home. When he located here there were no roads in this vicinity, only a trail leading to his land, but he has seen a wonderful transformation in local conditions, and now his section of Snohomish county is as well advanced in public improvements as any section of the state. During the years since he came here he has been a factor in this development work and has at all times stood ready to work hand in hand with his fellow citizens in their efforts to improve and develop the community along all legitimate lines. While living in Wisconsin Mr. Dehnhoff was married to Miss Minnie Hess, who also is a native of Germany, and a daughter of Christian Hess, who brought his family to the United States, locating in Wisconsin, where both parents died. To Mr. and Mrs. Dehnhoff have been born fourteen children, twelve of whom are living : Mrs. Annie Clark, of White Bluff, who is the mother of five children; Mrs. Margaret Bailey, of Tacoma, Washington, who has one child ; Herman, who died at the age of twenty-three years ; Richard, who is married and resides in Bridgeport, Oregon ; Mrs. Ida Bush, of Everett, who is the mother of one child ; August, who is married and lives on Puget Sound ; William, who is married and has one child ; Paul, who lives on the home place ; Mrs. Minnie Steger, of McCleary, Washington, who is the mother of two children ; Robert, who lives in Oregon, and who is married and has one child ; Mrs. Grace Akins, who lives in Snohomish and is the mother of three children; Charles, 208 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of McCleary ; Mrs. Clara Morris, who lives near Snohomish ; and Fred, who died in infancy. Paul Dehnhoff, who was born on the present place in 1893, received his education in the public schools of this locality, and works in the logging camps and mills in this vicinity. He was married to Miss Lillian Williams, who was born in Seattle, Washington, daughter of Carl and Helga (Hanson) Williams, both of whom were born in Norway, whence the father came to Washington in 1886 and the mother in 1896. To Mr. and Mrs. Dehnhoff have been born three children, Marion, Wilbur and Norman. William Dehnhoff has had a worthy and honorable record since coming to Snohomish county, for he possesses to a marked degree those elements of character which commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen. Kindly and accommodating in his neighborly relations, generous in his support of all worthy causes, and genial and friendly among his associates, he has long held an enviable place in the confidence and good will of all who know him. JESSE H. DAVIS Jesse H. Davis, attorney at law, has practiced in Everett for sixteen years, and studiousness, combined with the habit of thoroughness, has brought him to the fore in his profession. He was born in Scott county, Kentucky, in 1883, and his parents, W. T. and Louise (Thomason) Davis, were also natives of the Blue Grass state. He spent his boyhood on his father's plantation and after the completion of his high school course attended Georgetown College. In 1907 he was graduated from the Harvard Law School and practiced for a year in Lexington, afterward locating in Georgetown, Kentucky. He came to Washington in the fall of 1909 and has since maintained an office in Everett. He possesses an analytical, well trained mind and displays keen sagacity in the solution of intricate legal problems. He has successfully handled many important cases and enjoys a large and lucrative practice. Mr. Davis is a Scottish Rite Mason and has taken the eighteenth degree in the order. He is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and has been exalted ruler of his lodge. He is a Rotarian and has been president of the local club. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party, and from 1912 until 1916 he was city attorney of Everett. He was appointed deputy prosecuting attorney and filled the position for a year. Mr. Davis adheres to high standards in the field of professional service and occupies a secure place in the esteem of his fellow practitioners and the general public as well. HENRY STECHER In the passing of Henry Stecher on the 20th of October, 1918, Snohomish county lost one of its honored pioneers. He wrought along constructive lines and aided in bringing to light the great resources of this region. His life record constituted a fine example of manliness and industry and his memory is enshrined in the hearts of all who knew him. Mr. Stecher was born in the Austrian Tyrol and came to the United States as a young man. He located in Oregon in the '80s, spending about five years in that state, and during that period paid a visit to Washington. Late in the '80s he came to Snohomish and located on the marsh near the present homestead. He was first connected with the dairy business and afterward with the Everett Pulp & Paper Mill, with which he remained for twenty-two years. In 1891 he bought five acres of land and later acquired an additional tract of ten acres. He had no neighbors and the district was completely isolated. He obtained his supplies in Snohomish and transported them by boat on the river, afterward trading in Everett. Through arduous effort he succeeded in clearing a portion of the place and eventually brought the land to a high state of development. He was a progressive agriculturist and added many improvements to his place, keeping everything in a good state of repair. He was always in the van of every movement for the general welfare and in the early days engaged in donation road work. He served as road supervisor for several years and made a fine record in that office. Three of his brothers, Frank, John and Joseph, also settled in this district in pioneer times and two are still living in the township, but Frank has passed away. Henry Stecher was united in marriage to Miss Mary Mauser, also an Austrian. She arrived in Everett in 1893 and in the same year came to Snohomish, where she was married. Two children were born to them. The elder, Mrs. Theresa Barr, is living on the old place and has a family of two children, James and Robert. The younger, A. H. Stecher, was born in 1899 in Lowell, Washington, and there attended the public schools. He is a bachelor, and he displays HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 209 in his character the admirable qualities which distinguished his father. He operated the homestead for some time, displaying much ability in managing the farm, and is now in the employ of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company. He is an enterprising young man and a large circle of sincere friends is indicative of his personal popularity. ALBIN W. SWANSON Albin W. Swanson is one of the younger members of the Everett bar and has thoroughly demonstrated his ability to cope with the intricate problems of the law. He was born September 27, 1889, in Quincy, Massachusetts, and is a son of John E. and Annie L. (Frolund) Swanson, who came to Washington in 1907. They settled in Seattle and the father has since been numbered among the prominent building contractors of that city. Albin W. Swanson attended the public schools of his native city, and he was eighteen years of age when the family migrated to the Pacific coast. He took up the study of law and on May 12, 1911, was admitted to the bar at Olympia, Washington. He came to Everett in 1914 and for ten years had charge of the business of the Western Dry Goods Company. He began the practice of law in 1924 and has already established a liberal clientele. He is well versed in statute and precedent and devotes much thought to the preparation of his cases, while in their presentation he is clear, logical and forceful. In March, 1912, Mr. Swanson was united in marriage to Miss Ivy I. Denny, a daughter of C. M. Denny, at that time a resident of Seattle, but formerly of Denver, Colorado. Mr. Swanson is an adherent of the republican party but has neither sought nor held public office. He is an orator of ability and during the World war made a fine record as a Four-Minute speaker. He delivered one hundred and fifty addresses and was awarded a certificate of honor in recognition of his patriotic work. He is a past president of the Kiwanis Club of Everett and his public spirit finds expression in his affiliation with the Chamber of Commerce. He is a past exalted ruler of the local lodge of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is also connected with the Masons and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Studious, purposeful and diligent, he is rapidly advancing in his profession, and a wide circle of loyal friends is indicative of his personal popularity. JOHN HENRY REPP A man of naturally sound judgment and shrewd perception, characteristics of the race of which he is a worthy representative, John Henry Repp, farmer near Snohomish, has so ordered his career as to be eminently eligible to representation in this work among others who have been potent factors in the development of this county. He has risen to an enviable position in all circles in which he has moved and is today regarded as an enterprising and progressive farmer. Mr. Repp is a native of Russia, born in 1873, and is a son of Henry and Mary (Clevenow) Repp, both of whom also were born in Russia, though of German extraction. They followed farming pursuits in their native land and in 1874 came to the United States, their destination being Rush county, Kansas, where they settled with about sixty other families from their homeland, comprising a good-sized colony. At that time Indians were numerous in that section of the country, but, being near an army post, the new settlers were not bothered much by the redskins. In 1890 the Repp family moved to Whitman county, Washington, of which locality they were pioneers, and there the father was engaged in the breeding and raising of horses for several years, eventually turning his attention to farming. John H. Repp was about one year old when the family came to this country, and while living in Kansas he received a little scholastic instruction. He accompanied the family on their removal to Whitman county, Washington, where for about three years he rode the range for his father. Mr. Repp remained east of the mountains until 1910, when, because of the fact that roads were extremely few and there was practically no market for farm products, he came to Snohomish county and bought his present place, which was a part of the Whitfield tract. He is now the owner of one hundred and fifty-five acres, practically all of which was in stumps and brush when he acquired it. He now has about seventy-five acres cleared and the remainder of the land is slashed. Mr. Repp is giving his main attention to dairy farming, for which purpose he keeps about thirty high grade cows and a thoroughbred sire. He has been very successful in this business, in which he is an expert. He also has about five acres 210 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in raspberries and has a nice bearing orchard. His fields are well cultivated and produce all the grain and roughage required for the stock. In 1899 Mr. Repp was married to Miss Mina Reinke, who was a native of Arkansas, and whose death occurred in May, 1925. She was a daughter of Fred and Sophie Reinke, both of whom were natives of Germany, the father coming to this country when fifteen years old and the mother when twenty years old. To Mr. and Mrs. Repp have been born the following children : Mrs. Edna Heck, of Pilchuck, Snohomish county, who is the mother of two children ; Mrs. Lizzie Thingel, who lives in Snohomish and is the mother of four children ; Mrs. Alma Wetter, of Pilchuck, who has one child ; Henry, at home, and who is associated with the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association ; Fred, Anna, Clara, Rosie and Walter, who are at home ; and one who died at the age of three days. Mr. Repp is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association. He has taken a commendable interest in the improvement and progress of the community in which he lives, and while living east of the mountains he served as a member of the school board. Since coming to his present locality he has always been counted upon as a supporter of all beneficent measures for the advancement of the public welfare, and has been looked upon as a man of marked business ability and discriminating judgment. J. WILLIAM ROSE, M.D. Studious, capable and conscientious, Dr. J. William Rose is well equipped for his profession, and during the 'period of his residence in Marysville he has established an enviable reputation as a physician. He was born in 1887 at Enterprise, Kansas, and is a son of John Martin and Louise (Gellerman) Rose, the former a carpenter. They migrated to Washington in 1905, establishing their home at Three Lakes, and now reside in Salem, Oregon. Dr. Rose attended the public schools of Kansas, and his higher education was acquired in Willamette University, from which he was graduated in 1913 with the M.D. degree. He began his professional career at Walla Walla, Washington, where he spent three years. In 1917 he enlisted in the United States Medical Corps. He was assigned to duty with the Western Division and served for thirteen months. After the war Dr. Rose located at Great Falls, Montana, and a year later returned to Washington. He was a resident of Seattle for fifteen months and on September 15, 1921, opened an office in Marysville. In the intervening period to the present he has built up a good practice, and he is also a member of the staff of the Everett General Hospital. He has a thorough understanding of the fundamental principles of medical and surgical science and correctly applies his knowledge to the needs of his patients. Along fraternal lines Dr. Rose is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his interest in the growth and prosperity of the community is indicated by his affiliation with the Commercial Club. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party but has never entered politics. He is a young man of progressive spirit and keeps in close touch with the great truths which science is constantly revealing through his connection with the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. NICK EAGAN Among the progressive farmers of Snohomish county who are attaining a gratifying measure of success and at the same time have won the good will and esteem of the entire community is Nick Eagan, who was born in Kansas in 1884, a son of Joseph and Margaret (Michaelis) Eagan, the former a native of Boston and the latter of Indiana, both being now deceased. The mother's family was among the twelve pioneer families that went from Indiana to Kansas in the very early days of that state's settlement and underwent many hardships and privations, suffering also from Indian depredations. Joseph Eagan was a farmer, and our subject lived on the homestead until he was seventeen years of age, in the meantime receiving a good education in the public schools. In 1901 Nick Eagan came to Snohomish county and went to work for Henry Frohning, on the Smallman ranch, near Monroe, where he remained about a year, after which he spent two years in the employ of Patrick Murray, his future father-in-law. Mr. Eagan then went to California, where he remained two years, after which he returned to the Murray farm, where he worked for Mrs. Murray, whose husband had died. Mr. Eagan HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 211 was married in 1916 and then went to Seattle, where he was employed in a hardware store for five years, at the end of which time lie came back to Snohomish county and has since been engaged in the operation of his present farm. He has eighty acres of land, the greater part of which is cleared and in cultivation, and he carries on a diversified system of farming, including dairying. On November 27, 1916, Mr. Eagan was united in marriage to Miss Helen Murray, who was born on the Sprell farm, across the river from where she now lives. Her parents were Patrick and Ellen (Smallman) Murray, the former of whom was born in Syracuse, New York, and whose death occurred January 17, 1906. He was in the government service for many years and took an active part in the rounding up of Chief Geronimo. He lived on the coast for a number of years and came to Snohomish county about 1890, being thereafter engaged in farming here up to the time of his death. He served many years as a member of the school board and was also for some time a bailiff at the courthouse in Everett. Mrs. Eagan's mother is now living in Seattle. Her father, Robert J. E. Smallman, came to the coast in 1855, and to Snohomish county in 1860, being one of the first settlers in the county. He married Novica Nowell, who is now living in Monroe, and for a number of years he was engaged in government service pertaining to Indian affairs. To Mr. and Mrs. Eagan have been born two children, Margaret Ellen and Margery Jean, both of whom were born in Seattle and who are now in school. Mrs. Eagan is a member of the Tualco school boa:A and she and her husband are members of the Grange. HON. DANIEL WHEELER LOCKE Hon. Daniel Wheeler Locke, a lawyer of high standing, has practiced in Everett for twenty years, and he comes of a long line of worthy ancestors who rendered valiant service to the American nation during the formative period in its history. He was born September 29, 1858, and is a native of Bucyrus, Ohio. His parents were Daniel Wheeler and Martina (Bodine) Locke, the former of whom was associated with his brother, D. R. Locke, in the ownership and conduct of the Bucyrus Journal, and a most promising career was abruptly terminated by his death in 1858, when a young man of twenty-eight years. D. R. Locke, who became famous as "Petroleum of Nasby," was the founder of the Toledo Blade and remained editor of the paper until his demise. Nathaniel Reed Locke, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, had a family of ten children. He served in the War of 1812 and was also a veteran of the Mexican war. His parents were John and Ruth (Faxon) Locke, the former of whom participated in the famous "Boston tea party" and as a lieutenant in the Continental army aided in winning American independence. He was a son of John Kendall, who had his name changed to Locke by act of the legislature of Connecticut, and his mother was Mary Reed. John Kendall Locke was a son of Nathaniel Kendall, and his mother was Abigail Locke, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Plympton) Locke. John Locke was a son of William Locke, who lived with his wife, Mary (Clarke) Locke, at Merton Abbey, England, and in later life came to America, crossing the Atlantic in a sailing vessel known as The Planter. He was a descendant of Sir William Locke, who lived in the thirteenth century and served as high sheriff of London. The Lockes were prosperous silk merchants of that city, and Merton Abbey had been the ancestral home of the family from the year 800 A. D. Hester Ross, the mother of Daniel Wheeler Locke, Sr., was a daughter of Dr. William Ross and Sophia (Merceran) Ross and a granddaughter of Joshua Merceran. He was an aide-de-camp of General Washington during the battle of Valley Forge and steered the general's boat across the Delaware river. Many members of the family have been writers and newspaper men of prominence, and in his youth Daniel Wheeler Locke, Jr., learned the printer's trade. He obtained his higher education in Wooster University of Ohio and afterward read law in the office of Scott & Harris; well known attorneys of Bucyrus. He was admitted to the bar on October 2, 1879, but a few days after he attained his majority, and began his professional career in his native town, where he practiced for twenty-seven years with gratifying success. He has maintained an office in Everett since March 20, 1906, and the court records bear proof of his power as an attorney, showing that he has been retained in many important cases. While well grounded in the law when admitted to the bar, he has continued throughout his professional life a diligent student of those elementary principles which constitute the basis of all legal science, and this knowledge has served him well in forensic combat. His professional services are in constant demand, and while devoted to the interests of his clients, he never forgets that he owes a still higher allegiance to the majesty of the law. He is also a talented writer and 212 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY a frequent contributor to various publications. The products of his pen include interesting tales of fiction and poetic gems. On March 21, 1888, Mr. Locke was united in marriage to Miss Eva Kerr, a daughter of John Kerr and granddaughter of Robert Kerr. Mr. and Mrs. Locke have two sons ; George Gormley, who married Miss Florence Anderson and has one child, Daniel Victor ; and Daniel Wayne, who married Miss Bernice Crogh. Mr. Locke is a stanch adherent of the republican party and his religious views are in harmony with the doctrines of the Presbyterian church. He is connected with the Knights of Pythias, in which he has filled the office of chancellor, and is now a member of the grand lodge and master of the exchequer. He is a Mason, belonging to the lodge, chapter, council and commandery, and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Riverside and Commercial Clubs and for three terms was president of the Snohomish County Bar Association, of which he is now treasurer. A thinker and a student, he forms his ideas upon the basis of broad information and clear reasoning. Mr. Locke maintains the dignity and honor of his profession and is deeply interested in those things which have cultural value and which tend to uplift the individual, thus bringing a moral standard to the community. FRED J. HERETH The man who has made a success of life and won the honor and esteem of his fellow citizens deserves more than passing notice. Such is the record, briefly stated, of Fred J. Hereth, well known citizen of the western part of Snohomish county. He was born in Nebraska in 1896 and is a son of Michael and Clara (Konker) Hereth, both of whom are natives of Germany, from which country the father came to the United States when sixteen years of age and the mother when fourteen years old. They located in Nebraska, where the father farmed for a time, and then, in 1899, he came to Snohomish county, locating on a tract of raw land near Blackman lake. He lived there until 1905, when he moved to the "Bottoms," where he resided about fourteen years. In 1910 he bought a place on the "Marsh," where he cleared between ninety and one hundred acres, and where he is now living. Fred J. Hereth received his educational training in the public schools of Snohomish and remained with his father up to the time of his marriage, when he located on his present place, to the improvement and development of which he has devoted himself very closely, with commensurate results. The farm comprises eighty acres, of which thirty-three acres have been cleared by Mr. Hereth, and here he has been engaged in poultry and dairy farming, also giving considerable attention to the raising of berries. He has exercised sound judgment in all his operations and has been painstaking and thorough in everything that he has undertaken, this being one of the prominent factors in his success. On February 12, 1918, Mr. Hereth was married to Miss Rosa F. Reinke, who was born at Anticot, Washington, a daughter of Fred and Sophia Reinke, the former of whom, a native of Germany, died in 1921. The mother is now living with our subject and his wife. To Mr. and Mrs. Hereth have been born four children : Dorothy, Vera, Eldon and Kenneth. From 1919 to 1924 Mr. Hereth worked for the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association, and during that same period was milking twelve cows and doing other necessary farm work. He now runs a school bus, carrying pupils from Route 2 to the high school, the Lutheran school and the Central school in Snohomish. He is a member of the Fruit Growers Association and cooperates with his fellow citizens in every possible way to advance the general interests of the community. Though quiet and unassuming, he nevertheless possesses a virile and forceful individuality. 0. J. FORTUN, M.D. Dr. 0. J. Fortun, physician and surgeon, is one of the more recent additions to Everett's Scandinavian colony, and his ability and experience have already won for him an enviable place in professional circles of the city. A native of Norway, he was born in 1875, and his parents, Olaf and Martha Fortun, are both deceased. His father was a prosperous agriculturist and owned much valuable real estate. Dr. Fortun was accorded a liberal education, attending colleges in Germany and Norway, and afterward engaged in teaching in the city of Christiania, In 1903 he came to the United HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 213 States and enrolled as a student at the University of Chicago. He was graduated from the Chicago College of Medicine & Surgery and served as an interne in the Michael Reese and Cook County Hospitals of that city. He practiced for a short time in Chicago and then went to North Dakota. In that state he successfully followed his profession for fifteen years, and filled the office of county physician. On the expiration of that period he came to Washington and since September, 1924, has maintained an office in Everett. He has many patients and his practice is rapidly increasing. He is well versed in the science of medicine and surgery and utilizes his knowledge to good advantage in his efforts to alleviate suffering and check the progress of disease. In 1916 Dr. Fortun married Miss Clara Skarprud, a native of North Dakota and of Norwegian parentage. The children of this union are Martha and Trygve. The doctor casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and lends the weight of his support to all worthy civic projects. He is a Mason and belongs to the Exchange Club and the local organization of the Sons of Norway. His interest centers in his profession, and through deep study and close observation of the cases intrusted to his care he is constantly broadening his field of usefulness. H. WILLIAM OHLDE The prosperity and welfare of a town or community are in a large measure due to the enterprise and foresight of its citizens, and H. William Ohlde, for many years one of Snohomish county's successful farmers, has contributed his quota to the development and progress of his community. Mr. Ohide is a native of Germany, born in 1867, and is a son of Heinrich and Cathrina (Michaelis) Ohlde, both of whom also were natives of Germany, where they were married. The mother died in her native land and the father died in Kansas, in 1912. In 1882 our subject's eldest brother, Henry, came to the United States, locating in Kansas, and in 1885, the father and the other children came to this country, locating at Palmer, Washington county, Kansas, where the father bought land. Thus he and the five sons were all together and helped each other in their new home. In 1899 H. William Ohlde went to Wyoming, locating in the Big Horn basin, where he spent one summer. This was not his first trip through the west, for in 1892 he had gone to Buffalo county, Nebraska, where he remained a couple of years. He did not like Wyoming, there being no water for irrigation, and he drove back with a team, it being a very arduous trip, requiring five weeks. Again locating in Kansas, he remained there two years, engaged in farming, but crops were not satisfactory, and in 1901 he came to the Pacific coast on a trip of investigation, hoping to find a suitable place to locate. He went to California in 1902, thence to Oregon in the same year, and then to Washington, and in 1903 decided on Snohomish, in which place he had stopped a short time in 1901. On locating here he was unable to find a house in the town into which to move, so was compelled to live for about four months in a house outside of the settlement. In October, 1903, Mr. Ohlde moved to his present place, on which the only improvement was an old camp house and a barn. The only highway to the place was an old skid road, but in the course of time, as the country became improved, roads were built, the one passing his house being built in 1909. He at first bought forty acres, but as he has prospered he has purchased additional land, and is now the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of as good land as can be found in this section of the county. The tract had been logged off, but was densely covered with a heavy second growth, many of the trees being fourteen years old, interspersed with thousands of stumps. A vast amount of the hardest sort of labor was entailed in getting the land cleared, but Mr. Ohlde now has eighty acres under the plow and producing splendid crops. During the years that he has been here he has devoted himself closely to his work and has had the pleasure of seeing his place gradually developed into a valuable and desirable farm. At first he devoted the major portion of his attention to cows and chickens; later he got out many cords of shingle bolts and wood. He is now engaged principally in dairy farming, keeping thirty high grade cows, seven of which are registered Holsteins. He also has a nice berry patch. He is still extending his area of cultivable land, and he does thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, taking a justifiable pride in the results of his work. In 1895, while living in Kansas, Mr. Ohlde was married to Miss Maria Hiestermann, who was born in Germany, a daughter of Christ and Dorothea Heistermann, both of whom also were natives of Germany. The mother died in 1884, two years after the family came to this country. To Mr. and Mrs. Ohlde have been born fourteen children, of which number eight are living, namely : Annie, Adolf, Walter, Martin, Alfred, Dorothea, Ella and Melvin, all of whom are at home. Religiously the family are members of the Lutheran church, to the 214 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY support of which Mr. Ohlde contributes generously. He has made many substantial improvements on his place, including a comfortable and attractive house, as well as other good farm buildings, and though closely devoted to his individual affairs, he has not permitted the pursuit of wealth to interfere with his duty to the community or his obligations to his fellow citizens. CHARLES A. HUDSON Charles A. Hudson, who is classed with Everett's self-made men, has made the lumber business the ladder by which he has mounted to success and is one of the best known timber cruisers in Snohomish county. He was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, in 1862, and his parents were Charles and Catherine (Bean) Hudson. He received a public school education and his boyhood was spent on his father's farm. For several years he was employed in the lumber camps of Michigan and in 1889 came to Washington. He followed the carpenter's trade in Stanwood and also worked in the mills. He then became a timber cruiser and for a quarter of a century has served the Everett Pulp & Paper Company in this capacity, also doing similar work for other large corporations. He is a recognized expert in this line and buys and sell standing timber. At intervals, since 1896, he has operated logging camps, starting with ox teams, and he has an intimate knowledge of every phase of the industry. He is senior member of the firm of Hudson & Booth, which has extensive timber holdings, and their partnership has existed for a period of eighteen years. Both are progressive business men of broad experience and high standing. In 1896 Mr. Hudson married Miss Martha A. Perrine, a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of Aaron Perrine, now deceased. To this union was born a daughter, Mabel C., who resides with her parents. Mr. Hudson is allied with the republican party and served on the first town council of Arlington, Washington. He is an Elk and has been connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1883. He is a Knights Templar Mason and closely observes the teachings of the order, endeavoring to fulfill in his life its principles concerning mutual helpfulness and brotherly kindness. GEORGE MAcKINZIE To offer in a work of this province an adequate resume of the strenuous and useful career of George MacKinzie would be impossible, but with others of those who have conserved the civic and business progress of Snohomish county he may well find consideration in the noting of the more salient points that have marked his life and labors. His record since coming to this locality is too familiar to the readers of this work to require any fulsome encomium here, his life speaking for itself in stronger terms than the biographer could employ. In all that constitutes true manhood and good citizenship he has been a worthy example and none stands higher than he in the confidence and esteem of the circles in which he moves. Mr. MacKinzie was born in the Highlands of Scotland and is a son of Alexander and Georgina MacKinzie. In boyhood he came to America, locating in Canada, where he remained until 1876, during which period he learned the carpenter's and bricklayer's trades. In 1876 he went to Minnesota, where he was employed at his trades until 1879. He then went to the timber district of the Black Hills, where he remained for two years, after which he went to Grand Forks, North Dakota. He was engaged in the contracting business there until 1889, and then came to Spokane, Washington, where he was engaged in contracting until 1901, when he came to Everett. In the meantime he had built the Great Northern Railroad shops at Hilliard, the Northern Pacific Railroad shops in Spokane, the Spokesman's Review building, the Jamieson block, the Log Cabin block and two flour mills in Spokane. After coming to Everett Mr. MacKinzie did some railroad contracting, building the Great Northern freight house, the viaduct across Hewitt avenue and the Great Northern shops at Delta. He also built the Clover building, the American National Bank building and the Washington school, besides laying the first pavement on Hewitt avenue from Bayside to Riverside. Later he built a schoolhouse at Ballard and the Roeder school in Bellingham, as well as the Armory in that city, besides numberless smaller structures. In all of his operations he showed himself to be a man of broad views, fine business judgment and wise discrimination, and his record is one of which he may justifiably be proud. In recent years Mr. MacKinzie has not taken a very active part in business affairs, but is enjoying well earned leisure. Mr. MacKinzie was married in Spokane, to Miss Jeanette McKinnon, whose death occurred GEORGE MAcKINZIE HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 217 in 1909 in Everett. She was a native of Canada and a daughter of Grueger McKinnon. She was reared and educated in her home community and came to Spokane, Washington, in 1890. To Mr. and Mrs. MacKinzie were born three children. Georgina was graduated from the Everett high school and from the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now teaching school in Everett ; Winifred also is a graduate of those institutions and is teaching in this city. Robert, who is a civil engineer at Bremerton, Washington, is a graduate of the Everett high school and the University of Washington. He was married to Miss Fay Flint. He is a veteran of the World war, having given up his work in the Seattle shipyards and enlisted with the first contingent. He was assigned to the Signal Corps of the Fifth Division, with which he went to France, and was in every battle in which that division participated, escaping without injury. Politically, Mr. MacKinzie has always given his support to the democratic party and has taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs, particularly those pertaining to the prosperity of his own locality. He has cooperated with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the progress of Everett and has long ly..en numbered among the enterprising and progressive residents of this community. Fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, while his religious connection has been with the Presbyte:ian church, of which he is a liberal supporter. In every avenue of life's activities he has done his full part and has been consistent in all his actions. His many excellent personal qualities and his cordial and friendly manner have brought him the respect and esteem of the entire community. BENJAMIN W. MITCHELL Benjamin W. Mitchell, a well known pharmacist of Lake Stevens, made thorough preparation for his chosen line of activity and owes his progress to hard work and a natural aptitude for the business in which he is engaged. He was born in Sherburne county, Minnesota, in 1888 and is a son of Clarence and Julia B. (Williams) Mitchell. His parents settled in Everett, Washington, in 1900, and his father is engaged in the lathe business. In the acquirement of an education Benjamin W. Mitchell attended the public schools of Everett, and he afterward enrolled as a student in the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1910, on the completion of a pharmaceutical course. He was employed as a clerk for a few years and then became manager of the Eagle Drug Store at Everett, filling the position for two and a half years. In 1920 he came to Lake Stevens and purchased the drug business established by Edward Harrison. Mr. Mitchell has since been the proprietor of the store, and in the conduct of the business he brings to bear scientific knowledge, broad experience and good judgment. He has established an enviable reputation for reliability and enterprise and enjoys a large patronage. In 1913 Mr. Mitchell married Miss Florence Orne, of Everett, and the children of this union are Pauline and James, aged respectively eleven and two years. He has attained the fourteenth degree in the Scottish Rite branch of Masonry and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party but has never aspired to public office. He conscientiously discharges the duties of citizenship but his interest centers in his business and his success is the merited reward of well directed labor. JOHN F. JERREAD John F. Jerread, well known undertaker and embalmer of Everett, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 30th of March, 1866, and received his education in the public schools of that state and of Illinois. In the early '80s he learned the undertaking business, which he followed in Illinois until early in the '90s, when he made his way westward to Seattle, Washington, where for a time he was connected with the Seattle Undertaking Company. Subsequently he removed to Tacoma, where he entered the service of the firm of Conrad Hoskey. It was in 1898 that he came to Everett and bought out the undertaking establishment of Zimmerman & Duff on the river side. He was successful in carrying on the business and later moved to Carpenter's Hall, where he remained until November 1, 1900, when he erected his own building at the corner of Broadway and Wall street, where the enterprise has been conducted to the present time. The establishment has always been kept up-to-date in every respect and has long been recognized as one of the best in Snohomish county. Mr. Jerread was by nature and experience well adapted to his exacting line of work, and through the 218 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY years that he was actively at the head of the business he so conducted it as to win the confidence and regard of all who had dealings with him. In 1894 Mr. Jerread was married to Miss Anna E. Streator, of Tacoma, Washington, who is a native of Cameron, Nebraska. Their son, George H., has taken over the active management of the Jerread undertaking establishment. John F. Jerread was a member of the first state undertakers' examining board and held state license No. 3. He is a worthy exemplar of the teaching and purposes of the Masonic fraternity, in which he has taken all the degrees of the York Rite, has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Woodmen of the World and the Modern Woodmen of America. In political affairs he is independent of strict party lines, voting always for what he considers the best interests of the people. Because of his long and honorable business career, his splendid personality and his kindly and generous nature, he has long enjoyed the unbounded confidence and esteem of the entire community. JESSE R. TIDBALL, D. D. S. For nineteen years Dr. Jesse R. Tidball has been engaged in the practice of dentistry at Everett, achieving a gratifying measure of success, and his ability has brought him more than local prominence. He was born at Cable, Illinois, in 1878 and was thirteen years of age when his parents, Joseph R. and Margaret Tidball, journeyed to the Pacific coast, settling in Snohomish, Washington, in pioneer times. They afterward moved to Lowell, this state, and there spent the remainder of their lives. The father was a prosperous agriculturist and also owned a coal mine. Dr. Tidball attended the public schools of Illinois and Washington and completed his education in the North Pacific Dental College at Portland, Oregon, from which he was graduated in 1907. Everett has since been the scene of his professional labors, and each succeeding year has chronicled a marked increase in his practice, which has now assumed extensive proportions. His office is supplied with the most modern equipment and his work represents the highest degree of skill in dental surgery. In 1902 Dr. Tidball was married, in Everett, to Miss Elizabeth Grammer, who fills with grace and charm her position in social circles of the city. The Doctor is an adherent of the republican party and has demonstrated his public spirit by service on the Lowell school board, of which he was a member from 1900 until 1904. He belongs to the Rotary, Cascade and Country Clubs and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has been honored with the presidency of the State Dental Society and has twice served the County Dental Society in that capacity. Dr. Tidball is a progressive exponent of his profession, in which he has attained a position of distinction, and a courteous bearing and genial nature have drawn to him a wide circle of steadfast friends. JOHN VREDEVELDT John Vredeveldt, one of the best known farmers in the Snohomish district and one of the county's representative men, was not favored by inherited wealth but has gained his present prosperity through his own indefatigable labors, and he is now very comfortably situated on his well improved and productive farmstead. A native of Holland, he was born in 1864, and is a son of Albert and Ellen (Leuscker) Vredeveldt. The father, who was engaged in commercial pursuits in Holland, died when our subject was but twelve years of age. Some time after the latter came to this country the mother also came here, joining him in Iowa, and she still lives in that state. John Vredeveldt was reared in his native land and secured his education in the public schools. He then served the prescribed period in the national army, and in 1888, with a brother, he came to the United States, locating in Sioux county, Iowa. For two years after coming here he worked on farms and then turned his attention to the carpenter's trade, at which he worked in Iowa for some nine years. About 1898 he came to Everett, where he worked at his trade for two years and eight months, at the end of which time he went to Whatcom county, Washington, buying forty acres of land between Blaine and Lynden. He cleared and improved this land, creating a good farm, and at the same time worked at the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 219 carpenter's trade as opportunity offered. Eventually he traded that place for property in Everett, where he lived for six months, and in September, 1911, he came to his present place, where he has lived continuously since. He has one hundred and forty-two acres of land, about sixteen acres of which were cleared when he bought it, and he now has forty-five acres cleared and in cultivation. He is giving his attention chiefly to dairy farming, keeping eighteen good Ayrshire and Guernsey cows, for which he raises practically all the feed. He has made many good improvements on the place, which now ranks among the valuable ranches of this locality. In 1890 Mr. Vredeveldt was married to Miss Henrietta Voss, who was born in Holland, a daughter of Benjamin and Jenny (Voss) Voss. Her parents came to the United States in 1888, locating in Iowa, where the mother died within a year after her arrival. The father lived there many years, dying in 1923. To Mr. and Mrs. Vredeveldt have been born nine children, as follows ; Albert, who lives on the home place, and who is married and has three children ; Joseph Henry, residing near Three Lakes, who is married and has a daughter ; Mrs. Jenny Graybeal, whose husband is a Methodist minister in Kentucky ; Ellen, who is a professional nurse in Seattle ; Tina, who is the wife of Alec Good, of Snohomish, and has two daughters ; Wilhelmina, who died at the age of fourteen years ; and Benjamin, Henrietta and Lillian Bertha, who are at home. Mr. Vredeveldt and his family are members of the Free Methodist church. He has taken a good citizen's interest in all matters affecting the welfare of the community and has served as a member of the school board. He is a man of rugged strength of character and upwight principles. FRANK WORKMAN Frank Workman, one of Marysville's loyal sons, is an energetic, capable young business man who owes his advancement to the qualities of diligence and perseverance. He was born in 1886, and his parents were Albert and Lottie B. (Womeldorff) Workman. They settled in Snohomish county, Washington, in 1884, and the father homesteaded land in the vicinity of Marysville. He was an Indian scout and a fine type of western pioneer. He passed away July 20, 1890, and his widow afterward became the wife of J. E. Deu Pree. Frank Workman was reared on his father's farm and received a public school education. He was afterward employed along various lines and in 1917 joined John Hilton in purchasing the business of the Marysville Transfer Company, which they have since controlled. Their stock comprises lumber, building material and blasting powder, and through good management, fair dealing and strict attention to business they have established a large patronage. In 1914 Mr. Workman married Miss Minnie M. Rush, of Elgin, Oregon, and they have two sons, Raymond and Kenneth. Mr. Workman gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his fraternal connections are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has progressed through the medium of his own efforts, performing every duty in life to the best of his ability, and his record is a credit to Marysville. WILLIAM H. CROFT William H. Croft, who in the capacity of contractor and builder has had much to do with the improvement and progress of several localities in which he has resided, is now practically retired and is living at Gold Bar, where for many years he has been identified with building interests. A native of the state of Ohio, he was born on the 7th of August, 1853, and is a son of Daniel H. and Hannah (Bollinger) Croft, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania. The father, who was a farmer, later lived in Minnesota and other states and in 1865 settled in Wisconsin, where his death occurred in 1871. William H. Croft received his educational training in the public schools of Ohio, Wisconsin and Minnesota. He was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he followed until his marriage, in 1879, since which time lie has given his chief attention to the carpenter's trade and the work of a millwright. From Minnesota he moved to Iowa, where he remained for some time, and was then in Texas for six years and in South Dakota for eleven years, following the carpenter's trade during the greater part of that period. In 1897 he came to Washington locating first at Seattle, where he remained about two years, and then came to Gold Bar, where he built a home and where he has lived continuously since. Some time after his 220 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY arrival he built a hotel on his land, naming it the Hotel Croft, and Mrs. Croft ran it for about seventeen years, up to the time it was entirely destroyed by fire together with their home, in 1920, entailing a total loss. Mr. Croft was in the employ of the Gold Bar Lumber Company about seventeen years, serving as millwright, and remaining with that company until the destruction of the mill by fire, since which time he has been practically retired. During the years since he came here Mr. Croft has done a good deal of building, including the erection of the Gold Bar schoolhouse, and he enjoys a splendid record and reputation as a reliable and competent carpenter and contractor. On October 29, 1879, in Iowa, Mr. Croft was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Worick, who was born in Pennsylvania, a daughter of Charles and Amanda (Brown) Worick, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania, where the father was engaged in farming. To Mr. and Mrs. Croft have been born three children : Lewis died at the age of six months. Rose has been married twice, her present husband being Joseph Wickstrom. To her first union was born a child, Vella Thompson, who is now a student in the University of Washington. John, who was born in 1885, is a carpenter in Gold Bar and is married. Mr. Croft has taken a commendable interest in local public affairs and has been honored by election to responsible offices, having served sixteen years as a justice of the peace and six years as a member of the school board. While living in South Dakota he became a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In every relation of life he has endeavored conscientiously to perform his full duty, and he has so ordered his actions as to earn the sincere respect and esteem of the entire community, of which he is regarded as a representative citizen. FRANK ROBERTS Among the men now residing in Snohomish county who have witnessed the development of this section of the country practically from the beginning of its settlement is Frank Roberts, residing near Snohomish, who has contributed his full quota to the clearing and developing of the land in this locality. He was born in Jefferson county, Washington, in 1867, and is a son of Joseph Benson and Mary Roberts. The mother, who was a native of this state and a member of the Snohomish tribe of Indians, died in 1902. Joseph Benson Roberts was a native of Iowa, whence he came to this state by ox team prior to the Civil war. In the early days he engaged in logging, and later took up a preemption claim in Jefferson county. His death occurred in 1891. In 1883 the family came to Snohomish county, coming up the slough to our subject's present location by canoe. There were five children in the family, namely: Eddie, who died at. Snohomish; Frank, the subject of this sketch; Ella, now deceased, who was the wife of John Mack and had a daughter; Mary, who is the wife of Frank McFarland, of Squim, and has four children ; and Reuben, who died in 1913 and is survived by his widow, who now lives in Everett with her daughter, Ruby. When Frank Roberts came to his present place the land had never been touched by white men and there were no roads in the locality. He and his father did a good deal of ditching in order to get the land in shape for cultivation, and of the one hundred and sixty acres which the father homesteaded they cleared between eighty and ninety acres. Our subject obtained a fair education in the public schools, his father having built the first schoolhouse and teaching it for a time. The original homestead was added to until the estate comprised an entire section of land, twenty-five acres of which our subject now owns. In the early days here he traded at Snohomish. In addition to the clearing and cultivation of the home farm he also did a good deal of logging for many years. From 1905 to 1912 he lived in Jefferson county, where he was engaged in logging, and during the years 1914-1916 he was east of the mountains. He is now giving his attention principally to dairying, having twelve good milk cows, some of which are registered Jerseys. He raises good crops of hay and grain and has made many improvements of a permanent and substantial character, so that his is now a valuable ranch. On February 2, 1904, Mr. Roberts was united in marriage to Maude Cushman, who was born at Elk Point, South Dakota, daughter of Walter and Eliza (Walter) Cushman. Her father, born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, died in 1916, while her mother, who was born in Akron, Ohio, now lives at Sultan, this county. Her father was a pioneer of Michigan before the Civil war and her family came to Snohomish in 1897. By a prior marriage, to a Mr. Franklin, Mrs. Roberts had a daughter, Margery, who became the wife of C. E. Hanchett, who now runs our subject's farm. They have three children, Clarisa, Shirley and Lucian. Mr. Hanchett's family came to this locality about 1884, his father, Lon Hanchett, homesteading a tract of land near Stanwood, and he was married to Miss Della Bigham. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 221 Mr. Roberts has always taken a deep interest in local public affairs and rendered effective service as a member of the school board, also doing considerable free road work in the early days. He is a man of splendid personal qualities, has stood earnestly for improvement and progress in community affairs, and through all the years of his residence here has commanded confidence and respect. AARON F. FINKE Aaron F. Finke, who is engaged in the operation of a good dairy farm near Monroe, was born in 1882, in Martin county, Minnesota, of which locality his father was one of the early pioneers. He is a son of William and Minnie (Houlsman) Finke, the latter of whom died when our subject was about ten years of age. The father, who was a native of Germany, came to the United States in the early '70s, locating at once in Martin county, Minnesota, where he took up a tract of land, and he followed the occupation of farming there until his death, which occurred in 1921. He and his wife were married in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Aaron F. Finke attended the public schools of his native state and remained on his father's farm until he had attained his majority. He then worked at various occupations in that state until 1907, when he came to Snohomish county, locating near Monroe, on the Feller place. Before leaving home he had learned the carpenter's trade, and for a time after coming to Snohomish county he followed that line of work. He then entered the employ of F. E. Phelps, with whom he remained two and a half years, and next located on the Detering farm, which he operated for about fourteen months. He then went east of the mountains, where for eight months he was engaged in raising hay on the Indian reservation. However, he suffered an attack of typhoid fever and, not liking that section of the state, he returned to his former neighborhood and rented the Billy Johnson farm, which he ran for seven years. In 1919 he bought thirty-seven acres of the Johnson place and moved onto it in 1921. He has cleared about twelve acres of the part that had not been cleared and 'now has an excellent farm, all being in cultivation. Here he built a splendid residence and made many other substantial improvements, and he is now successfully engaged in dairy farming. He keeps sixteen good grade Guernsey cows and has a registered Guernsey sire. He raises good crops of hay and grain, and also has a considerable acreage of potatoes. In 1910 Mr. Finke was united in marriage to Miss May Tester, who was born on the old Tester homestead, near Monroe, a daughter of William and Alice (Nowell) Tester. To this union have been born three children, Harold, Alice and Lorene. Mr. Finke is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he and his wife are members of the Grange. He has been true and loyal in every relation of life and well merits the enviable place which he holds in the esteem of his fellowmen. RICHARD R. HAMBRIDGE Entering the business world in a lowly capacity, Richard R. Hambridge has found that the door of opportunity is ever open to the alert and vigilant, and his enterprise, ability and strength of character have brought him to the fore in business circles of Everett as a representative of the lumber industry. A native of England, he was born in 1861, and his education was acquired in the public schools of that country. In 1881, when a young man of twenty, he responded to the lure of the new world, going first to Canada, and later crossed the border into the United States. He spent some time in Michigan and in Florida and in 1884 came to the Pacific northwest. He worked in shingle mills in various parts of Washington and in 1892 came to Snohomish county as an employe of the Standard Mill. In 1896 Mr. Hambridge decided upon an independent venture and in partnership with J. A. Theurer leased a mill near Granite Falls, Washington. They conducted the plant for three years and in 1899 organized the Canyon Lumber Company at Robe, Washington. C. A. Dean was elected its first president and Mr. Hambridge was chosen treasurer and manager, while Mr. Theurer acted as vice president. The last named is now the executive head of the company, Mr. Hambridge still filling the offices of treasurer and general manager. Mr. Worthington is serving as vice president and E. B. Bryner has been made secretary. In 1907 the company sold their outside mills and built a large plant at Everett which has a daily capacity of three hundred thousand feet of lumber. It is equipped with every appliance necessary for the production of high class work and the output of the mill is marketed on the Atlantic coast 222 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and in the orient. The business has grown rapidly because of the excellence of the finished product, the energetic sales methods employed and the high standards of commercial ethics that have ever governed the firm, which also has extensive logging interests. Its members are able business men of broad experience, progressive ideas and mature judgment, considerate and humane in the treatment of their employes, whose loyalty and cooperation are a valuable asset to the company. In 1897 Mr. Hambridge married Miss Olive Bodenham, and three children have been born to them, namely : Clara, Jack and James. Mr. Hambridge is allied with the republican party but has never aspired to public office, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. He belongs to the Everett Golf Club and to the Cascade and Commercial Clubs. He is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a firm believer in the value of hard work, and a life of rightly directed endeavor has won him many friends who are thoroughly appreciative of his sterling qualities. WEYERHAEUSER TIMBER COMPANY One of the greatest forces in Snohomish county's industrial development is the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company. It was established in 1897 by Frederick Weyerhaeuser, who was first identified with lumber manufacuring interests at Rock Island, Illinois, and later located in St. Paul, Minnesota. He was a man of exceptional business acumen and became one of the leading lumber operators in the United States. Late in the '90s he chartered a train at St. Paul and brought many of his associates to this region to look over the timber situation. They later joined Mr. Weyerhaeuser in purchasing from the Northern Pacific Railroad Company about one million acres o f timber land in Washington. Offices were opened in Tacoma, and Robert L. McCormick was chosen as the representative of the corporation in that city, while George S. Long was made his assistant. After Mr. McCormick's death Mr. Long was made vice president and general manager of the company, and his exceptional ability and broad experience have made him one of the dominant characters in American lumber history. In 1902 the company acquired the business of the Bell-Nelson Mill Company at Everett, and E. M. Warren was appointed to supervise the work at this point. The plant is now known as Mill A and is located on deep water in Port Gardner bay. They built a large planing mill and installed one of the first bandsaws on the coast. The mill had a ten-hour capacity of one hundred and twenty-five thousand feet of lumber and furnished work to two hundred men.* On July 1, 1907, William H. Boner was made manager of the interests of the corporation in this city. He was born January 23, 1863, in Milan, Missouri, of which town his father was a prominent merchant, and also postmaster for many years. W. H. Boner was educated in the public schools of Milan and for some time conducted a retail lumberyard there, gradually working his way westward through Nebraska, Dakota and Wyoming, and finally settling at Hoquiam, Washington, from which point he was transferred to South Bend, Washington. Here he entered the employ of the Simpson Lumber Company, of which he was general manager for seventeen years, building up a large trade for the firm. With an expert understanding of the lumber industry, he was equally successful in managing the business of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company at Everett and during his tenure of office many improvements were made. The company installed new machinery, enlarged the plant and doubled its capacity. In April, 1914, the company began the construction of Mill B on the site of the old barge works on the Snohomish river near its mouth. They demolished the old buildings, dredged sand from the river and made a fine mill site of one hundred and thirty acres. The new mill was completed in May, 1915, and is electrically equipped throughout. It is a model plant and considered one of the finest in the world. The export business of the company declined appreciably during the World war but it is now much improved and since 1920 the firm has shipped large quantities of lumber through the Panama canal. In 1921 the company purchased a desirable site in Baltimore, Maryland, and established a large wholesale distributing yard, constructing wharves, sheds and a remanufacturing plant, where a large stock of lumber is carried and distributed to the Atlantic coast states. In 1925 a similar plant, although somewhat smaller, was erected at Portsmouth, Rhode Island, whence the New England territory is served, and in 1926 still another plant was started at Newark, New Jersey. In 1924 the firm began work on Mill C, a fast short-log mill for hemlock lumber. It is operated by means of compressed air and electricity throughout, all power coming from Mill B. In 1923 the corporation purchased from the United States shipping board two steamers of twelve HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 223 thousand tons each, the Pomona and the Hanley, and two more steamers, the Heffron and the Hegira, were added in 1925, all four being identical in construction. Mr. Boner supervised the labors of hundreds of workers, by whom he was held in the highest respect because of his unfailing courtesy, fairness and consideration. He was a director of the First National Bank and an influential factor in its affairs. He was a Rotarian and served as president of the Everett Golf and Country Club. He was progressive, public-spirited and broadminded, actuated at all times by a strong sense of duty and honor, and his death on the 7th of February, 1925, was a great loss to the city. He was married in 1888 at Milan, Missouri, to Miss Tennessee Winters, a daughter of James and Nancy (McAfee) Winters, and they became the parents of two children : Beatrice, a native of Milan ; and I'Lee, who was born in Everett. The Everett mills of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company have a total capacity of one million feet of lumber per day and furnish employment to thirteen hundred men. The logs are bought in the open market and secured from the company's own camps, and the finished product is shipped to Australia, China, Japan, South Africa, Spain and other parts of the world, as well as to nearly every state in the Union. In November, 1923, the company erected a new office building fifty-eight by sixty-four feet in dimensions and two stories in height. It is built of fir, hemlock and cedar, with trimmings of pine and spruce, and is made entirely of native wood in order to show what can be done with home grown products. The structure contains five private offices, a salesroom, accounting room, and a two-story vault, being provided with ample space for future expansion. It is a splendid example of the Tudor style of architecture, and no lumber firm on the Pacific coast has as fine an office building. George S. Long, vice president and general manager of the company, makes his home in Tacoma. Robert W. Hunt, sales manager, is a resident of Everett and has been with the firm for twenty-two years. W. H. Peabody was superintendent of Mill B for eight years, succeeding Earl M. Rogers, who built the mill and operated it until 1918. Edward B. Wight has been with the company for many years as assistant manager, joining its staff in 1907. Frank B. Martin is office manager, in charge of accounting, insurance and the operation of the four steamships. In August, 1926, Mr. Peabody, in recognition of his unflagging services to the company at its Mills B and C, was appointed general manager of the Everett operations and it is confidently expected that his administration of the affairs of the company will continue the splendid progress it has made in the past.. DAN McDONALD During the past decade Dan McDonald has been successfully engaged in business as a general contractor and builder of Stanwood. He was born at Alpena, Michigan, on the 22d of February, 1870, a son of Roderick and Annie (McDonell) McDonald, who were also natives of that state. The father devoted his attention to farming pursuits and to the raising of draft horses in Michigan, where he resided to the time of his death, which occurred about 1890. The mother passed away in the year 1898. Their family numbered nine children, as follows : Allan, a resident of Ontario, Canada ; Mary, living in Montreal, Canada ; Catherine, deceased ; Dan, of this review ; Nellie, a resident of Montreal ; Mary Ann, who also makes her home in Montreal ; Aleck, who lives in Portland, Oregon ; John, residing in California ; and James, whose home is at Peace River, Alberta, Canada. Dan McDonald acquired his education as a public school pupil in his native state and when a youth of fifteen went to work in the woods as a barn boy, taking care of thirty or forty head of horses. He was thus employed during one winter season and then in March, 1886, made his way to Seattle, Washington. He first worked in a logging camp at Redmond for two months, engaged in greasing skids, and then returned to Seattle, where he spent a period of eight or nine months in the service of Dr. C. L. Miller, taking care of four head of saddle horses. Mr. McDonald next removed to Stanwood and for about ten years was employed in logging camps near Arlington. He also worked in logging camps on Camano island. In the spring of 1896 he went to Sandon, British Columbia, where for one year he was engaged in hard rock mining, while in the spring of 1898 he joined the gold rush to the Klondike in Alaska. There he was employed in setting points for a period of three years, this being dangerous mining work for which high wages were paid. He also located several claims of his own at Gold Hill, at the mouth of the Eldorado river, where he remained for two years. In 1903 Mr. McDonald again returned to Seattle, where he resided for nearly a year, at the end of which time, in 1904, he came back to Stanwood. Subsequently he was 224 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY engaged in business at Silvana and also at Florence until he sold out in 1909. Four years previously, in 1905, he had purchased some lots in Stanwood and erected two store buildings which he leased. He also preempted two timber claims in Snohomish county—one near Arlington and the other near McMurray—which he later sold. In 1908 he bought seven acres of land in the city limits of Stanwood, and he still owns six acres thereof. Part of the tract is laid out in town lots. For the past ten years he has concentrated his time and energies on the general contracting and building business, being engaged principally in concrete work, and a well merited measure of success has attended his undertakings in this connection. In 1909 he began the erection of a fine modern home on the Pacific highway, between East and West Stanwood, completing the residence in the following year. It is a very attractive dwelling, surrounded by well kept grounds. Mr. McDanald has ever exerted his influence in behalf of good roads and improved educational facilities and is widely recognized as cne of the substantial, respected and representative citizens of his community. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus at Everett and with Everett Lodge No. 13 of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, being a life member of the latter organization. On the 25th of November, 1903, Mr. McDonald was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude Tolin, a native of New Brunswick, Canada, and a daughter of Edward and Ann (Callahan) Tolin, who were also born in Canada, the former in New Brunswick and the latter on Prince Edward island. Edward Tolin came to Washington on the 1st of January, 1890, and bought an attractive dwelling in Stanwood. He retired from business pursuits about the year 1900 and departed this life on the 27th of March, 1923. His widow still survives and resides in Stanwood. Their family numbered seven children, as follows : Mrs. Mary Bidwell, who is a resident of Houston, Minnesota ; E. P. Tolin, living at Stewart, British Columbia ; Mrs. Gertrude (Tolin) McDonald ; Peter L. Tolin, who lives in Seattle ; Frank, deceased; William H. Tolin, residing at Stewart, British Columbia ; and D. C. Tolin, who is city clerk of Stanwood. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald are the parents of two daughters. Mary Kathleen, who was born August 22, 1911, was graduated as a grammar school pupil of Stanwood and is now attending the Academy of the Holy Name in Seattle. She is a skilled pianist. Mary Margaret, the younger daughter, was born in Stanwood on the 26th of May, 1920. CLYDE WALTON In every line of business it is the few and not the many who rise to eminence, and it is these few who mold the character and stimulate the growth of the communities in which they reside. Knowing when to use his powers and the value of concentrated effort, Clyde Walton has achieved distinction in his chosen field of endeavor and not only Everett but the entire state has derived substantial benefit from his extensive operations as a lumber manufacturer. He was born in 1876 and is a native of Kansas. In 1892 his parents, P. T. and Emeline (Richardson) Walton, went to Oklahoma. The father was a successful lumberman and likewise well known as a financier. Clyde Walton received his higher education in the University of Kansas, from which he was graduated in 1897, and then entered the employ of his father, under whom he received valuable training. In 1912 the Walton Lumber Company was organized by Clyde and E. Q. Walton, who had previously engaged in the manufacture and distribution of lumber, sash and doors in Oklahoma as retailers and wholesalers. Their Everett plant was started with a production of fifty thousand feet of lumber every ten hours and a force of fifty men, while its present capacity is two hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber per eight-hour day. The sawmill is in operation for sixteen hours daily and the planing mill for eight hours. The sawmill furnishes work to three hundred and twenty-five men and the firm also is interested in two logging 'camps, utilizing a force of similar size. These camps are operated by the Wallace Falls Timber Company, which was formed in 1919, and the Lazerus Logging Company, organized in 1921. The Walton Veneer Company manufactures seventy-five thousand feet of fir and spruce door panels and other ply wood per day, requiring at the present time a force of two hundred and twenty-five men, and its plant was built in 1923. The sawmill and lumber and veneer plants cover over one hundred acres of ground, including the big boom for logs on the river front, and the buildings and fixed improvements occupy thirty acres. The mills are operated by steam and electricity, and the most improved machinery has been installed. The firm has one of the finest veneer plants in the world, the sawmill has been developed to a high state of perfection, and the planing mill serves as a model for the entire United States. The firm has aided in raising the standards of American manufacture, and its products are shipped all over the world. They are sent by way of the Panama canal HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 225 and very desirable trade relations have been established in the orient. The founders and owners of the business are men of ripe experience and exceptional ability, and the name of Walton has become synonymous with enterprise and probity in the lumber industry. Clyde Walton is president of the Walton Lumber Company, and E. Q. Walton is president and executive head of the Walton Veneer Company. E. D. Walton has been a resident of Everett since 1923 and acts as vice president of the Veneer Company, of which he is also the treasurer. Roy W. Thomas, who came to this city in 1917, is secretary and sales manager of the Walton Lumber Company. F. W. Chandler, office superintendent, has made his home in Everett since 1912. In 1902 Clyde Walton was united in marriage to Miss Nora E. Clem, also a native of Kansas, and they now have four children : Genevieve, Peter, Florence and Lawrence. Mr. Walton is an adherent of the republican party but not a politician. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club. He combines notable business sagacity with progressiveness and public spirit and is numbered among the empire builders of the west. HARRY V. GIBBS During his life in this community Harry V. Gibbs has so ordered his actions as to earn the unbounded commendation of his fellow citizens. A native of the state of Maine, his birth occurred in 1876, and he is a son of J. D. and Mary Louise (Waterhouse) Gibbs, both of whom also were natives of the old Pine Tree state. The father was for many years engaged in the mercantile business, conducting a hardware and tin store, but later turned his attention to farming. The son secured his education in the public schools of his native community, where he remained until nineteen years of age, when he and a brother came to the Pacific coast, locating in Baker, Oregon. Here he was engaged in cutting wood and in farming until 1900, when he came to Everett and went to work at the carpenter's trade. He later went to California, remaining about a year, and was in western Oregon for about the same length of time. Everett was his headquarters until 1915, when he bought the fifteen acres of land which now comprise his home place. At that time the only road to his place was a mud trail and only about two acres of his tract had been cleared. He has devoted himself indefatigably to the improvement and development of the land, which is practically all cleared, and he now has a well improved and productive ranch. He keeps four cows, and about seven hundred laying hens, of the White Leghorn breed, for which he raises practically all the feed. He also has one acre of raspberries and a half acre of strawberries. The farm buildings are all of substantial construction, and Mr. Gibbs has one of the most comfortable and desirable country homes in this locality. In 1914, at Everett, Washington, Mr. Gibbs was married to Miss Mattie Webber, who was born at St. Stephens, New Brunswick, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Dunsmore) Webber. Her parents brought their family to the coast in 1906. The father is now deceased and the mother lives near our subject's place. Mr. and Mrs. Gibbs are the parents of a son, James Thomas, now ten years of age. Mr. Gibbs is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Poultry Association. Fraternally he is a member of Pilgrim Lodge No. 187, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Everett. He has taken a deep interest in local public affairs and has served six years as a member of the school board. His untiring industry and indomitable perseverance are qualities which have gained for him the fine measure of prosperity and independence which he now enjoys. FRANK R. KILLIEN Among the important industries of the Pacific northwest is that of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company, of which Frank R. Killien is the assistant superintendent, and through the steps of an orderly progression he has risen to this responsible position, winning each promotion by hard work and proven ability. He was born September 8, 1876, in Swift county, Minnesota, and his parents were William and Eliza Killien. His father was a well known contractor and aided in building the Canadian Pacific Railroad. He responded to the final summons in 1885, and the mother then went to Canada, establishing her home in Calgary, Alberta. She subsequently remarried, becoming the wife of Robert Gray, who located at 226 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Everett, Washington, in 1891. He was engaged in the meat business, and his demise occurred in Lowell, a suburb of Everett. Frank R. Killien received a public school education and on January 27, 1893, when seventeen years of age, entered the employ of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company. He started as a winder boy and later became a paper maker. He devoted the period from 1900 until 1903 to the study of pulp making and mastered every detail of the process. He was superintendent of the pulp mill for eighteen months and has since been assistant superintendent of the entire plant. His technical knowledge is supplemented by executive power and mature judgment, and the best years of his life have been devoted to the service of the company, which is thoroughly appreciative of his worth. In 1907 Mr. Killien was married in Everett to Miss Cora Anderson, by whom he has three children: Francis G., who is attending Washington University ; Lenore, now in high school ; and William. Mr. Killien is a republican in his political convictions and. has neved been neglectful of the duties of citizenship, serving for several years as clerk of the Lowell school board. He aided in organizing the Thirty Year Club of Lowell, which meets in November of each year, and is now its president. Dr. Hester is secretary and treasurer of the Foreman's Club and was its first president. Mr. Killien has been with the Everett Pulp & Paper Company for thirty-three years and is one of its oldest and most valuable employes. He is very active in fraternal affairs and has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry. He is a past master of Peninsular Lodge No. 95, F. & A. M.; a past high priest of Everett Chapter No. 24, R. A. M.; past eminent commander of Palestine Commandery, K. T., of which he was prelate for twelve years ; and is vice president of the Shrine Club. He was chancellor of Lowell Lodge of the Knights of Pythias in 1892 and has been sachem of the Improved Order of Red Men. He filled the office of chaplain in the Everett Lodge of Elks and is a past grand patriarch of Lowell Lodge No. 125, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, which he has represented in the Sovereign Grand Lodge. Mr. Killien has worthily earned the honorable title of "self-made man" and possesses those qualities which make for strong and enduring regard, numbering his friends by the hundreds. MERO ART SHOP Among the successful and well known business concerns of Snohomish, none takes precedence over the Mero Art Shop, on First street, which has since its establishment on February 10, 1923, gained a statewide reputation for the high quality of its goods and products. The proprietor, Mrs. Mabel Mero, is a woman of high artistic taste and skill and has by her indefatigable efforts and sound business ability, as well as by her efficiency as an original designer, won for herself not only material prosperity but an enviable reputation in art circles. Prior to opening this shop, Mrs. Mero had a small studio at her home, where she did hemstitching and art work, but since opening her present place of business she has enlarged her scope of operations. She specializes in stamping and designing, practically all of her designs being original. She also carries lingerie and knit wear, and an exceptional line of hosiery, while during the summer season she carries wash dresses, tub silks and similar goods. She supplies art goods for at least half a dozen of the leading art departments in prominent dry goods _stores in Washington and Oregon, as well as one shop in Alaska. She has exercised sound judgment in the management of this enterprise and the splendid success which has crowned her efforts is well deserved. Mrs. Mabel Mero is a native of Nebraska and is a daughter of C. L. and Kathrine (Peterkin) Whiting, both of whom were born in Canada. After securing his public school education, Mr. Whiting learned the carpenter's trade and in the course of time became a building contractor. Five weeks after the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted for service and gave three years to the defense of his adopted country, while Mrs. Whiting went into service as a nurse. After leaving the army, Mr. Whiting resumed his work as a contractor, which he continued in his home state until 1888, when he came to Snohomish, where he continued in the same line of business, building many of the first bridges and residences in the county. He took an active part in local public affairs and during the '90s served for four years as a member of the board of county commissioners. He was successful and retired from active business several years prior to his death, which occurred December 17, 1924. His wife died July 9, 1923. The mother and children did not accompany the father to this county, but came in the following year. C. L. WHITING , HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 229 Mrs. Mero secured her education in the public schools of Snohomish. On February 1, 1894, she became the wife of William H. Mero, who is a native of Michigan, but whose parents were natives of Canada. He lived in Michigan until he was nineteen years of age, when he came to Seattle and for a number of years was employed in the mills there and in Snohomish, where he has lived continuously since with the exception of three years. He is now engaged in contracting and building and is enjoying a fine measure of success. To Mr. and Mrs. Mero have been born two children : Edward, who is a graduate of the Snohomish high school, is now in vaudeville in New York city. Beatrice, who also was graduated from the Snohomish high school, is the wife of Dr. C. E. M. Trohy, and they are the parents of a son. Mr. Mero is a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while in politics he assumes an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. Mr. and Mrs. Mero move in the best social circles of the community and are exceedingly popular among their associates. DAVE E. GLOVER Dave E. Glover, farmer and dairyman of the vicinity of Monroe, Snohomish county, is a man whose well directed efforts have gained for him an enviable prominence in the circles in which he moves, and his energy and enterprise have been crowned with success. He was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1868, and is a son of David and Kate (Ramsey) Glover, the former a native of Ontario and the latter of Scotland. Our subject secured his education in the public schools of Ontario, and at the age of fifteen years he left home and went to Michigan, where he went to work in the woods. He remained there five years, during which time his parents also went there. In 1890 he came to Washington, and for three or four years was engaged in logging on the Skagit river, and in 1895 he came to Snohomish county, continuing his logging operations here until about 1903. In 1906 he bought his present farm, comprising sixty acres of land, none of which had been cleared, but which through his indefatigable efforts is now practically all cleared and in cultivation. He is devoting the major part of his attention to dairy farming, keeping twelve good grade cows, while his fertile fields produce practically all the feed required. He has made valuable improvements on his farm and is very comfortably situated. Mr. Glover has been married twice—first, in 1892, to Miss Mary Hurd, who was born in Maine, a daughter of William and Emma Hurd, both of whom also were natives of Maine. The Hurd family came to Washington in 1890 and the father died here in 1897. His widow is living in Anacortes, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Glover were born two children, namely : Clyde, of Marysville, who is married and has two children ; and Glenn, of Eugene, Oregon, who is married and has one child. Mrs. Mary Glover died in 1897, and in 1903 Mr. Glover was married to Miss Engla Person, who was born in Sweden, and whose death occurred February 5, 1920. Her father, Peter Person, came to Snohomish county in 1888, homesteaded a tract of land near Cathcart in 1889, and lived there until his death, which occurred in 1915. The mother, Bertha M. (Nelson) Person, died in 1926. To Mr. and Mrs. Glover were born five children, namely : Mrs. Elva Olson, of Wenatchee ; Norman, of Wenatchee; Lloyd, of Chehalis ; Orin, of Marysville ; and Lester, of Skagit. Mr. Glover is a member of Monroe Lodge No. 160, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and Snohomish Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. He served many years as road boss and was also a member of the Mount Forest school board. He has been candid and straightforward in his relations with his fellowmen and has led a consistent life. WALTER P. BELL Coming to Washington in territorial days, Walter P. Bell has experienced many phases of pioneer life in the Pacific northwest and is widely recognized as a lawyer of high attainments. He has practiced in Everett for nearly three decades and his achievements in the field of public service have brought him state-wide prominence. His birth occurred in Washington county, Iowa, on the 5th of July, 1856, his parents being George W. S. and Matilda N. (Clayton) Bell, who were natives of Illinois and Missouri, respectively. The father was of Scotch descent, although through many generations the family has been represented in the new world. The mother represented an old and prominent Kentucky family and in the maternal line was related to Henry Clay, the distinguished Kentucky statesman. George W. S. Bell removed to Iowa in 1854, locating in Washington county, and in 1860 migrated to Kansas. In 230 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY early manhood he dedicated his life to the work of the ministry as a clergyman of the Baptist church, and he was a zealous and effective worker for the uplift and betterment of his fellowmen. He was also a loyal defender of the Union cause in the Civil war, serving as captain of Company F, Twelfth Kansas Volunteer Infantry, from 1862 until the close of hostilities in 1865, when he was honorably discharged. In 1867 he returned to Illinois, where both he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives, the latter passing away in 1893, when sixty-three years of age, and the former in 1906 at the age of seventy-five years. Their family numbered four sons and a daughter, namely : Abram B.; Walter P., of this review ; William F.; Mary S., the wife of N. F. McNaught, a resident of British Columbia; and John T. Walter P. Bell obtained but a limited education, owing to a lack of educational facilities in the locality in which he was reared. He attended school through the winter months in Illinois, and throughout the remainder of the year his time was largely employed at labor. At the age of seventeen he left school, but desirous of advancing along intellectual lines, he continued to study under private instructors after he had left home. At the age of eighteen years he went to Kansas, where he completed his studies, and when twenty-one years of age he successfully passed an examination whereby he won a teacher's certificate. He then taught in the country schools for a short time, but afterward engaged in the stock and cattle business for about a year. In the summer of 1879 Mr. Bell came to the Puget Sound country, settling at Snohomish, Washington. He had charge of a farm for a year, after which he went to Seattle to pursue the study of law, which he had begun while on the farm. There he engaged with McNaught Brothers, attorneys, and when he had sufficiently mastered the principles of jurisprudence he was admitted to the bar in September, 1881, by Chief Justice Green, the examining committee consisting of Judge J. R. Lewis and Judge Orange Jacobs, who had been chief justices of the territory of Washington, and Judge Thomas Burke, who was afterward chief justice. He practiced for a year at Port Townsend, Washington, and was then appointed a special United States inspector of customs at Tacoma. In the fall of 1882 he checked out the first ship load of wheat exported from Washington. At that time wheat bags could be admitted to this country free of duty provided that they were immediately filled with the grain for export. Mr. Bell was in the customs service for a few months and then entered the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, having charge of its docks at Tacoma. In the summer of 1883 he returned to Seattle and was made manager of the local docks of the Oregon Improvement Company, acting in that capacity until the fall of 1884. He was next a purser on the steamer Nellie, filling the position for a few months, and in May, 1885, made his way to the Okanogan district of Washington, where he spent a year on the large cattle ranch of Guy Waring, son of Colonel George E. Waring, the celebrated sanitary engineer of New York. Mr. Bell returned to Snohomish in June, 1886, and resumed the practice of law, in which he has continued through the intervening period of four decades. In 1892 he formed a partnership with A. D. Austin, and in 1897, when the county seat was removed to Everett, the main office was also removed to this city and has here been continued up to the present time. He has built up a large and desirable clientele, is one of the city's most successful attorneys and in his presentation of a case is always fortified by a comprehensive understanding of the legal principles applicable thereto. In October, 1890, Mr. Bell was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Blackman, a native of Maine and a daughter of Almon W. and Marcia (Rowe) Blackman, both of whom were natives of Maine and were representatives of old American families. Almon W. Blackman arrived in Snohomish in 1887 and was a pioneer in the sawmill business. Mrs. Lillian Bell joined her father in 1889 and in the following year her mother and sister reached Snohomish. Previous to her marriage Mrs. Bell engaged in teaching in Snohomish. Both her father and mother are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Bell are the parents of one son and three daughters, as follows : Harold C., a Seattle banker who has a wife and two sons, Robert C. and John Allen ; Mary E., the wife of Edward Williams Hartley, of Everett and the mother of three daughters—Marcia, Judith and Jean ; Doris L., at home ; and Winnifred, who is now Mrs. M. Kelley Reid, of Lake Stevens, Washington, and has one son, John W. Reid. Mr. Bell is one of the leading representatives of the republican party in this section of the state and has devoted much of his life to public service, ably filling many offices of trust and honor. He has served as chairman Of the republican county central committee and has taken a prominent part in state politics, having served as state committeeman and attending the state conventions as early as 1892. He was clerk of the city of Port Townsend and both village and city attorney of Snohomish. He was prosecuting attorney for Snohomish county during the years 1899 and 1900 and served on the first state reformatory board. He was elected attorney general of Washington in 1908 and acted in that capacity until 1911, when he was appointed a judge of the superior court, over which he presided until 1913, dispensing justice with an even hand. He served on the city council of Snohomish and as school director in that HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 231 district. When he was elected a member of the school board the schools of that city were open but six months during the year. School warrants were worth only eighty cents on the dollar, while five years later, at the end of his term, the district was on a cash basis and the school year was extended to ten months. Mr. Bell belongs to the Everett Golf and Country Club, the Cascade Club and the Knights of Pythias lodge and attends the services of the Baptist church. He has a high conception of the dignity and responsibility of his profession, of which he is a distinguished representative, and his activities have touched the general interests of society to their betterment. A contemporary biographer said of him : "Though his life has been one rather of modest reserve than of ambitious self-seeking, he has shown himself to be the peer of the brightest men of his adopted county, wherein he has so directed his labors as to aid in the public progress and at the same time promote his individual success." ALEXIS T. MARSOLAIS Alexis T. Marsolais, a well known citizen of Sultan, where he has resided continuously during the past thirty-eight years, has been successfully engaged in business as a grocery merchant here for nearly two decades. His birth occurred in Hennepin county, Minnesota, on the 24th of April, 1872, his parents being Joseph and Olwen Marsolais, natives of Canada, who took up their abode among the pioneer settlers of the Gopher state. Both are now deceased. The father devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits throughout his active business career. Alexis T. Marsolais received his education as a public school pupil and was a youth of sixteen years when in 1888 he made his way to the Pacific northwest and took up his permanent residence at Sultan, Washington. He was employed in the mills for a period of eighteen years and in June, 1907, having saved from his earnings a sum of money sufficient to enable him to embark in business on his own account, he opened a grocery store which he has conducted continuously and successfully to the present time. He carries a large line of staple and fancy groceries and is accorded an extensive and profitable patronage, for lie enjoys a well deserved reputation as a reliable, up-to-date and enterprising merchant. In 1895 Mr. Marsolais was united in marriage to Miss Alice Farmer of Monroe, Washington. They have- become the parents of eight children, as follows : Myrtle, who is the wife of R. H. Tegtmeier, of Everett, Washington ; Evelyn, who wedded Albert Lester and resides at Sultan, this state ; Doris, who follows the profession of teaching ; Melvin James, at home ; Lillian, thirteen years of age ; Bernice and Bernard, twins ; and one who died in childhood. At the polls Mr. Marsolais supports the men and measures of the democratic party, believing firmly in its principles. He has made a creditable record during two terms' service as a member of the council and is widely recognized as a public-spirited and loyal citizen whose efforts are ever exerted in behalf of the general welfare. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America. In the business circles of the community in which he has resided since the age of sixteen he enjoys an enviable reputation as a self-made man, while in social relations he has won the friendship and regard of all who know him. OLAF AHLGREN The Scandinavian countries are largely represented in the citizenship of Snohomish county and in this connection Olaf Ahlgren is deserving of particular mention, for he is a self-made man whose diligence and good management have resulted in the development of a fine ranch in the vicinity of Everett. A native of Sweden, he was born in 1869 and his parents, Andrew and Carrie (Bergen) Ahlgren, were lifelong residents of that country. The father was a carpenter and excelled in cabinet making. Olaf Ahlgren was left an orphan at an early age and has fought life's battles alone and unaided. He received a fair education and served for about two years in the Swedish army. After his discharge he became a farm laborer and was also employed in a cement factory. When a young man of twenty-two he came to the United States in the hope of bettering his condition and spent four years in the vicinity of Osage City, Kansas, working on farms and in the coal mines. In 1895 he went to Topeka in the same state and for about three years was employed in the coal mines, afterward securing a position with the Santa Fe Railroad Company. In 1901 Mr. Ahlgren came to Washington and first located at Ballard, a suburb of Seattle. 232 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY About 1903 he removed to Everett and for a time was employed in the plant of the Robinson Sash & Door Company, also working in the shops of the Great Northern Railroad Company. In the spring of 1911 he rented the Larson place, which he cultivated until 1919, and then located on the Davis ranch situated on the marsh in the same locality. In 1920 he bought his present place of twenty-one and a half acres, a portion of which had been cleared, and a house had been built on the property. He raises some roughage and keeps hogs and chickens but specializes in dairying. He has a herd of seven cows and markets his butter in Everett. He believes in scientific methods and keeps well informed on all new developments in his line of activity. He devotes much thought to his work and belongs to that class of agriculturists who are making their private enterprises public assets. In 1899 Mr. Ahlgren was married in Topeka, Kansas, to Miss Mary Nelson, also a native of Sweden, who came alone to the United States in 1890, when a young girl of sixteen, and resided for several years at Osage City, Kansas, in the home of her aunt. Her father, Nels Pearson, was a lifelong resident of Sweden, and the mother, Mrs. Christine Pearson, still lives in that country. WILLIAM SHELLER William Sheller, a well known attorney of Everett, has practiced in this city for a quarter of a century with marked success, faithfully discharging the many trusts reposed in him, and he has never used his talents unworthily, striving at all times to maintain the dignity and honor of his profession. He was born February 14, 1872, in Lanark, Illinois, and his parents were Jeremiah and Sarah Ann (Wilson) Sheller, the former of whom devoted his attention to mercantile affairs. After the completion of his high school course William Sheller entered Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois, from which he won the A. B. degree, and was later a student in the law department of that institution. He was admitted to the bar October 7, 1898, at Des Moines, Iowa, and practiced at Odebolt, that state, for two and a half years, going next to El Reno, Oklahoma, where lie spent a year. He established an office at Everett in November, 1901, and has long been numbered among the city's most talented attorneys. He enjoys a large and lucrative practice and has won many verdicts favorable to the interests of his clients. He is well versed in the minutiae of the law and his arguments are lucid, cogent and always to the point. On September 12, 1905, Mr. Sheller married Miss Delia J. Hoyt, who was born in Merrill, Wisconsin, and became a resident of Mason City, Iowa. To this union were born three children : Dorothy, a student at the University of Washington; Anita, who is attending high school ; and Jeremiah H., aged two years. Mr. Sheller has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. He is allied with the republican party and takes the interest of a good citizen in public affairs. He served as referee in bankruptcy from 1905 until 1915 and has been justice of the peace since 1908 with the exception of two years when he was not a candidate for office. He has made a fine record as a public servant, and a large circle of loyal friends is indicative of his personal popularity. G. W. PRICE Among the recreation spots of Snohomish county which have attained a marked degree of popularity among the pleasure and health-seeking public, that known as Price's Resort is rapidly becoming known among the best people as an ideal place in which to spent a vacation. Mr. Price has given his careful attention to the wants and necessities of those who patronize his camp and his efforts have been fully appreciated, as is evidenced by the fact that many of his patrons come year after year. G. W. Price was born in Bureau county, Illinois, on the 17th of October, 1855, and is a son of James and Margaret (Ralph) Price, both of whom are deceased. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools. For a while he worked for wages, then engaged in farming, and was also in the grocery business. In 1909 he came to Seattle, Washington, where he embarked in the hotel and restaurant business, meeting with a fair measure of success. In March, 1922, he bought three and a half acres of land on Lake HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 233 Stevens, on which he has built nine cabins, and has effected other improvements which make the place attractive and desirable as a camping ground. He has a fine bathing beach and serves meals if requested. He also owns a small general store for the accommodation of such as require provisions in the camp. In 1886 Mr. Price was married to Miss Anna Olson, who also was born and reared in Bureau county, Illinois, and to them have been born three children, namely : Effie, who is at home ; Myrtle, deceased ; and Gordon Hiram, who is married and lives in Seattle. Mr. Price is a republican in his political views. Genial and friendly in manner, and straightforward in all his relations, he is deservedly popular throughout the circle of his acquaintances. CHARLES WELEVER The career of Charles Welever has been characterized by hard and consecutive toil, the outcome of which is the splendid measure of prosperity which he is now enjoying, and his record has been such as has earned for him sincere esteem. He was born in the state of Michigan in 1862, and is a son of Philip and Mary (Sherwood) Welever, both of whom were natives of Ohio. The family moved to Michigan about 1861, and were pioneers of their locality, being twenty-two miles from the nearest town. The father was a river man by vocation, but he homesteaded a tract of land and created a good home. Charles Welever attended the schools of his native state and then worked in sawmills, manufacturing lumber and shingles, until 1888, when he came to Aberdeen, Washington, and became connected with the Weatherwax mill, the first mill to be established there, remaining thus identified for about ten years. He became a filer and was connected with many mills in the Snohomish district until 1925, when he moved onto one hundred and ten acres of land near Monroe, which he had bought a number of years previously. He had homesteaded a tract of land in the Gray's Harbor district and had held it for a number of years before it was surveyed and for several years afterward, but his claim to the land was unjustly contested and he lost it. He now has about sixty acres of his land cleared and much more of it slashed. He is carrying on dairy farming, keeping fifteen good milk cows, and is planning to increase his herd materially. His land is fertile and well cultivated, yielding abundant crops of hay and grain, while the improvements which he has made on the place have greatly added to its value and attractiveness. In 1886, in Michigan, Mr. Welever was united in marriage to Miss Rose Wilson, who was born in Michigan, a daughter of James Wilson, who was a pioneer of that state, and who has passed away. To Mr. and Mrs. Welever have been born four children, namely Mrs. Nettie Leavitt, of Blaine ; Mrs. Minnie Coles, of Snohomish, who is the mother of four children; Mrs. Hazel Pearson, who lives in California and is the mother of a son; and Angeline, who died in 1906. Mr. Welever is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of the Maccabees, having belonged to the lodges at Snohomish for many years. He is a man of strong character, marked business ability and friendly and cordial manner, attributes which have gained for him admiration and respect. 0. DUNCAN ANDERSON 0. Duncan Anderson, a veteran of the World war, possesses all the requisite qualities of the able lawyer and is acceptably filling the office of city attorney of Everett. He was born in Anacortes, December 18, 1892, and represents one of the territorial families of Washington. His parents, C. J. and Jennie (Potts) Anderson, were natives of the province of Ontario, Canada, and of Scotch descent. They came to Washington in 1890, locating in Skagit county. In 1892 they moved to Snohomish and later established their home at Edmonds, Washington. Mrs. Anderson survives her husband, who was connected with the milling business and also with railroad operations. 0. Duncan Anderson received his higher education in the University of Washington and was graduated with the class of 1917, winning the degree of LL. B., but did not receive his diploma until after his release from military duty. At the outbreak of hostilities between the United States and Germany he entered an officers training camp and was sent to the front with the Sixty-third Artillery, serving until the close of the war. After his admission to the bar Mr. Anderson located in Seattle and for three years was associated with the firm of Donworth & Higgins, well known attorneys of that city. He came to Everett on the 1st of 234 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY January, 1923, and was appointed deputy prosecuting attorney, acting in that capacity for a year. He has been city attorney for two years and has clearly demonstrated that he is the right man for the office, discharging his duties in a highly creditable manner. He has a thorough understanding of statute and precedent and enjoys a liberal clientele. On May 4, 1918, Mr. Anderson married Miss Mary Beckstrom, of Edmonds, Washington, and the children of this union are Frances and Ruth. Mr. Anderson is an adherent of the republican party and keeps well informed on all matters of public moment. He is president of the Lions Club of Everett, an organization devoted to Americanism, and stands for all that is most progressive in citizenship. He is an Elk and a Mason and also belongs to the American Legion and the Phi Kappa Psi and Phi Delta Phi fraternities. Although young in years, Mr. Anderson has already established an enviable reputation as a lawyer, and his ambition, enterprise and ability insure his continuous advancement. WILSON M. SNYDER The name of Wilson M. Snyder is inseparably associated with the history of the First National Bank of Snohomish, which enjoys the distinction of being the oldest financial institution in the county, having a record of thirty-eight years of continuous service. Mr. Snyder has been identified with the bank throughout the period of its existence, and he brings to the discharge of his duties as president ripe experience as a financier and executive ability of a high order. He was born May 7, 1853, and is a native of Galena, Illinois. His parents were William H. and Lucretia (MacLean) Snyder, the latter a Virginian, while the father was born in the state of New York. He was a financier of high standing and as president of the Merchants National Bank of Galena, Illinois, contributed materially toward the progress of that city. In the acquirement of an education Wilson M. Snyder attended the public schools of his native city and afterward went abroad for further study, taking a two years' collegiate course in Germany. On his return to Galena he entered his father's bank, in which he received valuable training. He came to Washington in 1888 and has since been associated in an official capacity with the institution which he now represents. He is the pioneer banker of Snohomish county and is a business man of keen sagacity, at his best in solving intricate problems of finance. The business was established in Snohomish, October 13, 1887, as a private bank, operated by J. Furth & Company, and in July became the First National Bank of Snohomish. Among the founders were E. P. Ferry, Bailey Getzert, Isaac Cathcart, S. Franenthal, J. Furth, William Whitfield and Ulmer Stinson. The business was started in Isaac Cathcart's office and was next conducted in the middle of the block in which the station of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Company now stands. That was the first brick building erected in the county. In 1907 the present home of the bank was completed. It is built of reinforced concrete, and the structure was the first of the kind in the county. The building is an ornament to the community and contains every facility of the modern financial institution. The bank's first statement, dated October 4, 1888, showed deposits of about fifty thousand dollars, which by February 15, 1900, had increased to two hundred and fifteen thousand dollars. On March 4, 1915, they amounted to about five hundred and eighteen thousand, four hundred and thirty dollars, and according to the report sent to the comptroller of currency at the close of business September 28, 1925, the deposits were more than one million dollars. The bank is capitalized at fifty thousand dollars and belongs to the Federal Reserve System. It maintains a special safe deposit department and has large storage vaults. For a year or two the bank was the only one in operation in the entire county, and during the building of the Great Northern Railroad, when over three thousand employes of the corporation were being paid here, the institution handled more than nine hundred and ninety thousand dollars on that account alone. Jacob Furth, of Seattle, was the first president and Victor Hugo Smith acted as cashier. In May, 1888, Wilson M. Snyder was made cashier and on the death of Jacob Furth, H. C. Cummings succeeded to the presidency. F. K. Struve was the next chief executive, filling the position for a year, and since January, 1921, Mr. Snyder has successfully directed the activities of the institution. The directors are W. M. and H. M. Snyder, M. C. Hazen, S. Vestal and G. M. Cochran. The spirit behind the service of the bank is one of helpfulness and the institution has been a vital force in the development of this section of the state. It cooperates with every kind of business and is regarded as one of the strongest and most reliable moneyed institutions of northwestern Washington. In 1882 Mr. Snyder married Miss Nettie Henry, of Mineral Point, Wisconsin, and two HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 235 sons were born to them. Henry M., the elder, completed his education in the University of Washington and is cashier of the First National Bank of Snohomish, of which he is also a director. His brother, Wilson M., Jr., is also an able financier and acts as assistant cashier of the bank. He married Miss June Blackwell, of Seattle, and they have one child, Wilson M. (III). Mr. Snyder is liberal in his political views and votes according to the dictates of his • judgment, supporting the candidate whom he regards as best qualified for office, irrespective of party ties. He was a member of the first board of aldermen of Snohomish and served for one term as city treasurer. He is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Mr. Snyder has played well his part in the world's work, wisely conserving his powers, and at the age of seventy-three years he is vigorous in both mind and body, performing without effort his daily tasks. Time has proven his worth and no resident of the county occupies a higher place in public regard. OTHO G. KESLING, M. D. Dr. Otho G. Kesling, physician and surgeon, is highly esteemed by the medical fraternity of Snohomish county and for twelve years has successfully followed his profession in Arlington, of which he was formerly the mayor. A son of Granville and Mary Jane (Loser) Kesling, he was born December 4, 1888, and is a native of Cass county, Indiana. The father is a prosperous farmer and stock raiser and still resides in the Hoosier state but the mother is deceased. Dr. Kesling spent his boyhood on the home farm and received his early instruction in the public schools of Indiana. He was a student for two years at the St. Louis University and then entered the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, which he also attended for two years, graduating with the class of 1912. He was interne of a hospital in Toledo, Ohio, and since July, 1913, has been a resident of Arlington. He is well versed in the science of medicine and surgery, and his professional knowledge and skill have brought him a large practice. In December, 1914, Dr. Kesling was united in marriage to Miss Leila Buckman, of Pennsylvania, and they now have two daughters, Virginia and Marjorie, aged respectively eight and five years. The Doctor is an adherent of the republican party and his fellow townsmen, appreciative of his worth and ability, called him to the office of mayor, which he filled acceptably during 1922-23. He has always evinced a deep and helpful interest in public affairs and served for two terms as president of the Commercial Club of Arlington. He belongs to the Phi Beta Pi fraternity and is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. He is a past master of Arlington Lodge, No. 129, F. & A. M., and Past Chancellor Commander of the Knights of Pythias. He is also connected with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, No. 479, of Everett, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Yeomen. He has been secretary of the Snohomish County Medical Society and is also a member of the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Dr. Kesling is a deep student and keeps in close touch with the scientific progress of his profession. He has not yet reached the zenith of h.is powers, and judging by his past accomplishments the future holds much in store for him. MARION J. RUMBAUGH Enterprising, farsighted and resourceful, Marion J. Rumbaugh is recognized as one of the leading merchants of northwestern Washington, and as the proprietor of the Everett Department Store he is an outstanding figure in the business life of the city. He was born in Mt. Pleasant, Pennsylvania. His parents, James and Susan (Hartzel) Rumbaugh, have passed away. The father was also born in the Keystone state and his parents were Germans. The family was established in this country prior to the Revolutionary war. George Hartzel, the grandfather in the maternal line, was also a German. The second in a family of five children, Marion J. Rumbaugh was reared on his father's farm and attended the country schools of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. He remained at home until he reached the age of twenty-two years, when he opened an undertaking estab- 236 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY lishment in Mt. Pleasant and afterward added other lines, handling furniture, etc. He came to Washington in 1897, locating at Endicott, where lie established a general store, and also conducted a hotel. He was later at Colfax and has been the owner of five hotels, building three. He has made judicious investments in land, becoming the owner of several large farms, and he has raised cattle and hogs, while wheat was his principal crop. Constantly expanding the scope of his activities, he has owned fifteen stores and there is no phase of merchandising with which he is not thoroughly familiar. In 1908 he bought a half interest in the Barron Furniture Company of Everett, which had been organized several years prior to that time by James Barron, and in 1915 Mr. Rumbaugh purchased eighty-eight per cent of the capital stock. He then came to Everett to take charge of the business, which furnished employment to seven clerks in 1909. The present home of the business is at Nos. 2813-17 Colby avenue in a four-story building with a mezzanine floor and full basement. The store has a frontage of one hundred feet on Colby avenue and contains seventy-five hundred square feet of floor space. It has forty-seven departments and the stock includes everything but groceries and men's shoes and clothing. The firm employs over eighty persons and carries the largest and finest line of furniture in Washington outside of Seattle. Mr. Rumbaugh is the sole owner of this imposing, well organized and efficiently conducted establishment, which would do credit to a city of metropolitan proportions. Through carefully formulated plans, untiring effort and honorable, straightforward dealing he has created a business of magnitude and importance. He is dominated at all times by an accurate sense of business exigency and endowed with that unfailing energy and mental alertness which are the chief requisites of an executive. Mr. Rumbaugh has three children : Orrel A., who is associated with his father in the business ; Harold J., who is also connected with the firm ; and Edna, the wife of Emerson McLean. Mr. Rumbaugh gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is affiliated with the First Presbyterian church. He is a director of the Chamber of Commerce and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. With a correct understanding of life's values and purposes, he has wisely conserved his forces, succeeding in everything that he has undertaken. His is a many-sided, forceful personality, and Everett has derived substantial benefit from his progressive, public-spirited citizenship. J. OTTO ZAHLER J. Otto Zahler was born November 9, 1893, in Dora, Minnesota, and is a son of Otto and Katherine (Strauch) Zahler. His parents came to Snohomish county, Washington, in 1907, and his father was employed as a clerk by the Mukilteo Trading Company for a number of years but is now manager of the cooperative store at Oak Harbor, Washington. Our subject was fourteen years of age when the family migrated to northwestern Washington, and his education was completed in this state. He secured work in a sawmill and later aided his father in the conduct of the store at Oak Harbor, acquiring valuable experience along mercantile lines. In 1919 he returned to Mukilteo and has since had charge of the local store of the Crown Lumber Company, and he exerts every effort to promote the interests of the concern. On June 12, 1915, Mr. Zahler married Miss Elsie Heward, a daughter of John Heward, who homesteaded land near Everett and still resides on the property, owning one of the valuable farms of that locality. They have a daughter, Virginia. Mr. Zahler is a republican but has never sought political office. He reserves all of his energies for the business in which he is engaged. CHARLES AUGUSTUS HEALY Everett is indebted to Charles Augustus Healy for her promotion, progress and development along various lines, and he is now devoting his energies to the automobile business, in which he has achieved noteworthy success. He was born May 10, 1880, in Alpena, Michigan, and his parents, Michael C. and Mary Jane (Mulroy) Healy, were natives of Canada. He attended the public schools of Alpena and after his education was completed entered the employ of the local gas company. In 1902 he came to northwestern Washington and built the plant for the Everett Gas Company, with which he was connected for two years. In 1904 he opened a heating and plumbing establishment, which he conducted for thirteen years, developing a business of substantial proportions. In 1917 he joined his brothers, John K. and William F. Healy, in the automobile trade, with which they have since been identified, occupy- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 237 ing a building seventy-five by one hundred and twenty-five feet in dimensions. It is a two-story structure and has a large basement. The firm is known as the John K. Healy Company, a wholesale and retail concern, which employs twelve men and utilizes the services of two outside salesmen. The company has the largest and most complete line of automobile accessories in northwestern Washington and also does a wrecking business. The partners are men of experiene, enterprise and ability and owe their success to well matured plans, wise management and close conformity to a high standard of commercial ethics. In 1910 Mr. Healy was married in Tacoma, Washington, to Miss Josephine Murray, a daughter of John F. Murray, of Wisconsin, and their only child, Murray, is ten years of age. Mr. Healy is a Roman Catholic in religious faith and an earnest member of Immaculate Conception parish. He has taken the fourth degree in the Knights of Columbus and is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the United Commercial Travelers and the Everett Country Club. He is an influential factor in local circles of the democratic party and during the administration of A. A. Brodeck served for four years on the civil service board. His interest in the welfare and progress of his community is deep and sincere, and a wide circle of steadfast friends is indicative of his personal popularity. NEWTON & NEWTON Clifford Newton, senior member of the firm of Newton & Newton, is a product of the west and one of Everett's talented attorneys. He was born August 16, 1890, in Wolsey, South Dakota, and his parents, Henry and Gertrude (Watson) Newton, have passed away. The father engaged in merchandising in South Dakota until about 1901, when he came to Washington and settled in Snohomish county, where he lived retired until his demise. Clifford Newton completed a course in the Everett high school and afterward entered the University of Washington, from which he graduated in 1913 with the degree of LL. B. After his admission to the bar he began the work of his profession and practiced in Everett until the fall of 1917. On October 3 he responded to his country's call to arms and was commissioned a first lieutenant. He became a machine gun specialist and was in command of two companies. He received his honorable discharge in 1919 and returned to Everett, being joined by his brother about a year later, when the firm of Newton & Newton was formed. They are able attorneys, well equipped to cope with the intricacies of the law, and a large and rapidly growing practice is indicative of their professional prestige. Clifford Newton is also connected with financial affairs, being one of the directors of the Bank of Commerce. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the American Legion and was the first commander of Earl Falkner Post, No. 6, which now has more than six hundred members. He is connected with the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity and was elected to membership in the Oval Club while attending the university. Mr. Newton is likewise a member of the Everett Golf and Country Club, and his political support is given to the republican party. He stands high in his profession and is popular in social circles of the city. His brother, Arthur M. Newton, the junior member of the firm, was born March 30, 1895, and is also a native of South Dakota. He attended the public schools of Snohomish county, and his higher education was received in the University of Washington, which in 1920 awarded him the degree of LL. B. He has a thorough understanding of the fundamental principles of jurisprudence and since his admission to the bar has been associated in practice with his brother. He is an Elk and has taken the thirty-second degree in Masonry, also belonging to the Shrine. He is connected with the Delta Kappa Epsilon and Phi Delta Phi fraternities and the Everett Country Club, while in politics he is a republican. He is a young man of fine character, and his studious disposition, keen intelligence and laudable ambition insure his continuous progress in the profession of his choice. HERMAN FRIESE While a city owes its existence and upbuilding not to a single individual but to the united efforts of many, there are always those who are leaders in the work of development. To this class belongs Herman Friese, who is serving as president of the Commercial Bank of Snohomish County and has also gained success in other lines of activity, all of which have contributed to the general good. A native of Germany, he was born in 1876 and was but 238 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY four years old when his parents, Frank and Ernestine Friese, left the fatherland, establishing their home in the United States. They lived in Wisconsin from 1880 until 1889 and then came to northwestern Washington, settling in Snohomish county. The father entered a homestead, on which he resided until 1895, and transformed the tract into a productive farm. In the spring of that year he opened a feed store in Snohomish and as the years passed accumulated a comfortable competence which enabled him to retire in 1917. He still resides in the community and the mother is also living. Herman Friese received his early instruction in Wisconsin and completed his education in the Snohomish high school. After his graduation he was employed along various lines and in 1895 entered his father's feed store. He became its proprietor in 1917 and successfully continued the business until 1925, when it was sold. Meanwhile he had aided in organizing the Sultan Electric Company, of which he was made president, and ably conducted the business until 1923, when he disposed of his stock in the corporation. In 1913 Mr. Friese had become one of the large shareholders of the Commercial Bank of Snohomish County, and he has since guided the destiny of the institution, which has prospered under his wise administration. He is an astute financier and the policy which he has adopted is one which carefully safeguards the interests of the depositors and stockholders, thus inspiring public confidence and promoting the success of the bank. The other officers are : C. F. Moehring and W. M. Jenkins, vice presidents ; E. G. Startup, cashier ; and F. J. Killen, assistant cashier. The board of directors is composed of Herman Friese, C. F. Moehring, W. M. Jenkins, Edward Rodenbush, A. E. Eagle and E. G. Startup. The bank is capitalized at twenty-five thousand dollars and the statement issued September 26, 1925, showed deposits amounting to three hundred and thirty-three thousand, nine hundred and fifty dollars. The business is located at the corner of First and Union streets in a large and substantial modern building owned by the bank. A high standard of service has always been maintained, and time and savings deposits placed with this institution are now earning four per cent for customers. It was established in 1903 as a state bank and was started with a capital of twenty-five thousand dollars. Among the organizers were A. E. Eagle, Lot Wilbur, John Connelly, J. V. Bowen, president, and B. Ransom, cashier. The institution has been in operation for over twenty years, and a steady, healthful growth makes it a helpful ally of local business, young and old, which, like the bank, is growing along constructive, progressive lines. In 1896 Mr. Friese married Miss May Fries, of Puyallup, Washington, and they became the parents of three children. Frank, the second in order of birth, is deceased. The others are: Flora, the wife of Harold K. Plank, of New Orleans, Louisiana ; and Ernestine. Mr. Friese is an adherent of the republican party but has never been an aspirant for political office. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner and has taken the thirty-second degree in the order. Quiet and unassuming by nature, he has carefully avoided the glare of publicity, but his achievements speak for themselves and his daily life records the esteem in which he is held. ALEXANDER WESLEY CORNETT A due measure of success invariably results from clearly defined purpose and consecutive effort in the affairs of life, but in following out the career of one who gained success by his own unaided efforts there comes into view the intrinsic individuality which made such accomplishment possible. Such attributes were possessed by the late Alexander Wesley Cornett, who left the indelible imprint of his personality upon the lives of all with whom he came in contact. He always stood ready to identify himself with his fellow citizens in any good work and extend a cooperative hand to advance any measure for the public welfare, and by reason of these commendable characteristics, coupled with a genial, gentlemanly address and a heart of charitable and hospitable impulses, he enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. Mr. Cornett was born in Polk county, Oregon, in 1855, and his death occurred at his home in Everett on the 31st of July, 1925, at the age of seventy years. He was the eldest of the eight children who blessed the union of William and Nancy (McCarty) Cornett, both of whom were natives of Missouri. The father was a guide across the plains in the early days, traveling by covered wagon and ox teams. His first trip was in 1849, the year of the historic gold rush to California, to which state he journeyed, his later trips taking him to Oregon. The mother also crossed the plains in the early '50s. Both families settled in the Willamette valley, Oregon, where they acquired vast tracts of land. Our subject's parents later sold their holdings and went to eastern Oregon, of which locality also they were pioneers, and there they spent the remainder of their lives. Alexander W. Cornett spent his boyhood in the Willamette valley, where he attended MR. AND MRS. ALEXANDER W. CORNETT HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 241 school. At the age of eighteen years he went to Portland, Oregon, where he remained about two years, and then came to the Puget sound country. He arrived in Snohomish in 1876 and became mail agent on the steamer Nellie, which ran between Snohomish and Seattle for a number of years. He was then connected with the logging camps and hotels of Snohomish for a time and during this period passed through many interesting experiences. At one time, while driving with another man on the old trail from Snohomish to Mukilteo a cougar dropped from a tree, landing between Mr. Cornett and his companion. Needless to say they quickly separated. While he was in that locality a severe diphtheria epidemic struck the settlements along the river, and he helped to care for many of the sick, but escaped without taking the dread disease himself. Mr. Cornett served as steward in the hotel at Hood's Canal in the early '80s, and about 1885 he went to Tacoma, where he was connected with the McDonald Hotel. In 1888 he went to Bellingham, Whatcom county, and took up a preemption claim on Lake What-corn, it being mainly a timber claim. Later he sold the land and then opened a grocery store at Thirteenth and C streets, Bellingham, which he conducted until 1895, when he sold out and moved to Portland. There for about two years he was associated with a brother in the meat business, but in 1897 he moved back to Lowell, Washington, where for a number of years he was in the grocery business. About 1900 he came to Everett and engaged in the same line of business, which he carried on successfully for a number of years, when he sold out and became identified with the Clark Investment Company, with which he remained about fifteen years, or up to the time of his death. In 1886 Mr. Cornett was married to Miss Elizabeth Franklin, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of George and Mary Anne (Eberly) Franklin, the former a native of England and the latter of Pennsylvania, in which state the family had lived for a number of generations, being originally of Dutch extraction. During many generations the family had been identified with the flour milling business. When George Franklin moved to Iowa he engaged in farming and later became identified with civic affairs, serving first as constable and later as sheriff in Iowa City. In 1884 the family moved to Tacoma, Washington, where the father established a confectionery. In the late '80s he took up land near Bellingham, Washington, where he remained until coming to Lowell, Washington, in the '90s, and there he spent the remaining years of his life. Mrs. Cornett received a good public school education and remained with her parents until her marriage. Since her husband's death she has been successfully engaged in the insurance business. She is a communicant of the Protestant Episcopal church. To Mr. and Mrs. Cornett were born three children. Pearl, who was born in Bellingham, attended the public schools, graduating from the Everett high school, and then took a course in a business college. She was employed as a stenographer up to the time of her marriage to Samuel A. Dorsey, and they are now living in Los Angeles, California. May Clover, who also was born in Bellingham, was graduated from the Everett high school and then studied nursing, which she followed up to the time of her marriage to Evans Blewett, of Los Angeles. He is a member of one of the old pioneer families of Seattle, Blewett's Pass being named in honor of the family. Gertrude, born in Bellingham, was graduated from the Everett high school and from the State Normal School at Bellingham, after which she taught school up to the time of her marriage to Richard H. Miller. They are now living at Pinehurst, Snohomish county, and are the parents of a son, James Wesley. Mr. Cornett gave his political allegiance to the republican party and took a good citizen's interest in public affairs, though never a seeker after public office. Fraternally he was a member of the Woodmen of the World, while his religious connection was with the Christian church. He was a liberal supporter of all worthy causes and stood for all that was best in community life. He was a kindly and genial man in his social relations and throughout the range of his acquaintance was held in the highest measure of confidence and regard. FRANK CHAPPELL, M. D. Dr. Frank Chappell, one of the pioneer physicians of Snohomish county, has been a resident of Granite Falls for more than thirty years and his name is inseparably associated with the history of its growth and progress. Nature endowed him with many talents, of which he has made good use, and his life has been one of intense activity, crowned with noteworthy achievement. He was born in Lockport, New York, November 18, 1846, and his father, Peter H. Chappell, was an able educator. Dr. Chappell supplemented his public school training by attendance at the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in 1881, winning the M. D. degree. He opened an office at Nunica, Michigan, and later practiced at Sand Lake and Grand Rapids, that state. 242 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY He then came to Washington and in 1893 started the first drug store in Granite Falls. He was also its first hardware merchant, also continuing his professional work, and has ministered to many of the old families of the district, rendering to his patients that service which only the experienced and skilled physician is capable of giving. He also became interested in milling and logging operations and is the owner of fifteen hundred acres of valuable timber land. He has been equally successful as an agriculturist, improving a fine ranch of one hundred and seventy-two acres, and is now enjoying a well earned period of leisure. Dr. Chappell was united in marriage to Miss Josephine Gray, a native of Ontonagon, Michigan, and a daughter of Hial Heason and Charlotte Wright (Sheffield) Gray. Dr. and Mrs. Chappell became the parents of three children, but Charlotte E. and Gray are deceased. Peter H., the first born, is a resident of Granite Falls. He married Miss Augusta Anderson, of Hartford, Washington, and they have two daughters, Martha Patricia and Charlotte Elizabeth. Dr. and Mrs. Chappell are connected with the Eastern Star and he is a Royal Arch Mason. He also belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Woodmen of the World and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is a stanch adherent of the democratic party and was the first treasurer of Granite Falls. He was a faithful custodian of the public funds and has also been health officer. He has reached the venerable age of seventy-nine years and his life record is the story of a man whose talents have been used for the betterment of Granite Falls and its citizens. Dr. Chappell is an able writer, clothing his thoughts in well chosen words, and is the author of an interesting brochure, "Prose and Poetry," from which we quote the following. "PIONEER REMINISCENCES" "During the thirty-five years I have been a resident of Granite Falls I have seen the country progress from unbroken forest of gigantic growth to an active, enterprising, prosperous farming and dairy country, a truly marvelous growth and advancement in every way. "Most of the original homesteaders have gone to other scenes or passed into that far country we must all inhabit. "Truly they were forerunners of a great movement for advancement in this to them new country, where they entered upon this great adventure into the far West. "Men of force, men who had use of all their faculties, physical and mental, who possessed the initiative force in its fullest development and whose helpmates were capable of doing their full share in overcoming the trials and difficulties of pioneer life. Good wives, good mothers, good women in every place they were called upon to fill. "When I think back to some of the trials and dangers they faced to protect and raise their families, their courage and readiness to meet emergencies of all kinds, have so impressed me that I think of them with reverence for their work in these early days ; good neighbors, helpers in sickness, sympathetic in troubles of all kinds. "The spirit of the community help was with them in all their works for mutual help. "Truly it was a good thing to see and feel this spirit in our community. "It smoothed the rough spots in pioneering, and lifted burdens from many weary ones and encouraged them to go on and make the homes that they had planned, a reality. "It is something to be proud of to have been one of this community of home builders, to have aided in the opening of so great an enterprise, and to be here to see it in its present development of homes and the triumph of good citizenship as exemplified in this community. "The story of our pioneers' work here would make a story of surpassing interest if it were told, but the results of their trials, labors and sacrifices are here for all to see and they are good." "SUNSHINE IN MY HEART" "Sunshine in my heart today To greet the lovely springtime ; We drop all carks and cares And live and move in sunshine, The ever welcome sunshine. "Though the day be dark and gloom, Everything is bright and cheery, For there's sunshine in my heart today, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 243 Just happiness and sunshine To pleasure me at this time, While sunshine in my heart abides, The beautiful, beautiful sunshine." LEO W. LOKEN Individual enterprise, which is the just boast of the people of Washington, is forcefully exhibited in the person of Leo W. Loken, one of the substantial business men of Everett and a representative of one of the most highly esteemed families of this locality, his father having long been prominent in business circles here and standing as one of the honored and respected citizens of the community. Leo W. Loken was born in Windom, Minnesota, on the 26th of May, 1900, and is a son of Chris and Anna (Anderson) Loken, the former of whom is a native of Norway and the latter of Sweden. They were pioneer settlers in Minnesota, where they lived until 1905, when they came to Everett, Washington, where the father engaged in the paint and wall paper business at 2809 Hewitt avenue. He was successful in this enterprise, and as his business increased he was compelled to seek larger quarters, being at several locations until 1920, when he moved to 2814 Rockefeller avenue. In 1926 he erected his own store building at 2806 Rockefeller avenue, it being twenty-five by one hundred and ten feet in size, of two stories, brick and concrete construction, with a terra cotta front. Here are carried a full line of paints, wall paper and decorating supplies, as well as auxiliary lines, and the business has grown steadily through the years until today it is one of the leading stores of its kind in this section of the country. From five to twenty-five people are employed and most of the large decorating jobs in the city have been successfully handled by this well known house, including the Everett Department Store and other leading business places as well as the better class of residences. Chris Loken is now practically retired from business, Leo W. having taken over the store, which he is managing in a manner that stamps him as a man of sound judgment and marked business ability. Courtesy and accommodation, as well as prompt and efficient service, have long characterized the relations of this house with the public and have been the key to the splendid prosperity which it enjoys. Leo W. Loken has always remained with his father, and received his education in the public schools of Everett, being graduated from the high school, after which he entered the University of Washington, where he was graduated in 1923, with the degree of Bachelor of Business Administration. He then devoted his attention closely to his father's business, to which he succeeded on his father's retirement. Politically he gives his support to the republican party and takes a commendable interest in public affairs. He is a member of the Everett Kiwanis Club. He is a man of many excellent personal qualities, cordial and friendly in all his social relations, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he enjoys the highest measure of confidence and good will. NORMAN W. CEDERGREEN Norman W. Cedergreen is a native son of Snohomish county and a worthy representative of one of the earliest families to locate in this section of the state. His life record has been such as to gain for him the respect of his fellowmen, and he is regarded as one of the representative citizens of his community. He was born on the old Cedergreen homestead, near Monroe, in 1897, and is the twelfth in order of birth of the fourteen children of J. A. and Amelia (Frederickson) Cedergreen. The father was born in Sweden, December 9, 1846, and at the age of seventeen years went to sea as a common sailor. He sailed to Europe, Asia, North and South America and other parts of the world, and in 1867 landed at San Francisco. During the following three years he sailed on coastwise schooners, and then located on San Juan island, moving later to Lopez island. In 1871 he came to Snohomish and for ten years was in the employ of E. C. Ferguson. In 1883 he took up a homestead, also a preemption, comprising the present home farm, and here he devoted his energies to the clearing of the land and the developing of a farm which is now numbered among the seven largest in the county, as well as one of the most productive. Mr. Cedergreen was a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association. His death occurred in Decem- 244 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ber, 1922, and he is survived by his widow, who is a native of Norway. She became the wife of Mr. Cedergreen, December 25, 1877, and she is still living on the homestead. Fourteen children blessed the union of this worthy couple : Mabel Amanda is the wife of Jesse Smith, of Monroe, and they have four children. Alma is the wife of Edward Riether, and they have five children. Belle is the wife of H. E. Smith, of Lochsloy, Washington. Alfred, of Colfax, is married and has four children. Victor Immanuel, of Wenatchee, is married and has three children. Reuben, of Wenatchee, is married and has two children. Ethel is the wife of a Mr. Grenunn, and they live on the home place. Benjamin H. is married and lives at 'Wenatchee. Grace is the wife of Walter Gene, of the vicinity of Snohomish. Willard 0. lives on and operates the home farm. Esther is the wife of R. H. Cook, and they also live on the home place. Norman W. is the subject of this sketch. Ivy died at the age of three months. C. T. is married and lives at Monroe. Norman W. Cedergreen attended grade school at the Short district and was graduated from the Snohomish high school in 1916. He remained at home about a year, and then, the United States having entered the World war, he enlisted in the signal corps, being assigned to the Fifteenth Service Division thereof, and was sent to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Later he was transferred back to Camp Lewis, Washington, where he became a member of the Two Hundred and Thirteenth Field Signal Battalion of the Thirteenth Division, and was promoted to the rank of corporal. At the close of the war Mr. Cedergreen went to Kansas City, Missouri, and then to California and old Mexico, thus spending about ten months in looking around and working at different things. In the fall of 1919 he returned to Wenatchee and was employed in a fruit warehouse until the following year, when he leased the old Quimby ranch for a year. The following four years he lived on land which he had bought at Wenatchee, during which time he worked as foreman for the Columbia Ice and Coal Storage Company, which is owned by three of his brothers. In the spring of 1925 Mr. Cedergreen bought a remaining two-thirds interest in his present farm, the other third interest having been owned by his wife. It is a part of the old Detering place and comprises fifty-five acres of good, productive land. Mr. Cedergreen is carrying on general farming operations, raising excellent crops of hay, grain, potatoes and peas, and also gives considerable attention to dairying, in which he has been successful to a very gratifying measure. In the spring of 1921 Mr. Cedergreen was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Bound, who was born on "the Marsh," Snohomish county, and who is a representative of two of the old and honored families of Snohomish county, her parents being Joseph J. and Louise (Detering) Bound, both of whom died when Mrs. Cedergreen was quite young. Mr. Cedergreen is a member of the Seattle Milk Shippers Association. He is a man of progressive spirit and energetic methods and has made a splendid success of his farming operations. NORMAN SYLVESTER McCREADY, M. D. The true physician, in the exercise of his beneficent calling, heeds neither nationality nor distinctions in class. Alike to him are the prince and the pauper, and into both the palace and the hovel he goes as the messenger of health and healing. The acquisition of wealth is nothing to him save as a means of giving material form and practical force to his projects for the benefit of humanity. In his self-abnegating labors he furnishes one of the truest examples of the altruistic life of which the world has knowledge. This description is particularly applicable to Dr. Norman Sylvester McCready, the dean of the medical profession of Snohomish county and one of its ablest representatives. Dr. McCready was born May 11, 1856, in New Brunswick, Canada, and his parents, William and Eliza J. (Townsend) McCready, were natives of the same province, but in later life moved to Ontario. The father, who came of Scotch lineage in the paternal line, engaged in the lumber business, also following the occupation of farming. He passed away at the venerable age of eighty-six years and the mother reached the eighty-first milestone on life's journey. Their family numbered twelve children, eight sons and four daughters, namely: William, Charles, John, Albert, Nelson, Norman Sylvester, Martin, Robert, Elmira, Eliza, Isabella and Mary. Dr. McCready obtained his preliminary education in the public schools of western Ontario and as a young man engaged in the dairy business in Huron county, Ontario. During 1885-86 he attended the Toronto School of Medicine and in 1886 entered the Detroit School of Medicine, from which he was graduated in March, 1889. In May, 1889, he arrived in the Sound country, locating in Snohomish, and here he has continuously followed his profession for thirty-seven years. His ability soon won recognition, and during 1892-93 he was health officer and city HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 245 physician. He was called to the office of county physician in 1894 and was reelected in 1896. He was physician to the State Reformatory for eight years and has been local surgeon for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company since 1898, or for a period of twenty-eight years. In the early days his work was most arduous, but he never faltered in the performance of duty and was ever ready to respond to the calls of the sick and. distressed. He first journeyed to the homes of his patients on horseback, later using a bicycle, and now rides in his automobile. He is learned in the science of his profession, inspiring confidence in those to whom he ministers, and his practice has assumed extensive proportions. Dr. McCready married Miss Margaret Merkley, also a Canadian. She was born in Iroquois, Ontario, and is a daughter of Charles and Eliza Merkley. Dr. and Mrs. McCready have become the parents of two sons, both of whom are married. Norman Merkley, the elder, is a graduate of the University of Washington. He is sales manager for the Foster-Kliser Company and resides in Seattle. Irving Spencer is manager of the Brunswick Hotel at Snohomish and has a son, Kenneth Craig. Dr. McCready is nonpartisan in politics, voting according to the dictates of his judgment, and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. During the World war the Doctor served as a member of the local draft board, No. 1, and was its examining physician throughout the entire period of examinations. His two sons also served in the war, the whole family thus demonstrating their patriotism. Dr. McCready maintains to a high degree the dignity and honor of his profession, and his sympathetic nature, unselfish spirit and courteous bearing have won for him the strong and enduring regard of all with whom he has been associated. VERNON A. BURKE. Vernon A. Burke, one of the well known and successful business men of Everett, where he is handling the agency for the Hupmobile cars, belongs to that energetic and enterprising class of men who are contributing to the later-day prosperity of this locality, and he is a worthy representative of a family that has been honorably identified with business affairs here for a number of years. He was born in 1899 at Atland, British Columbia, and is a son of Albert Burke. The father was born at Two Rivers, Wisconsin, in 1869, and was there reared, securing his education in the public schools. In the early '90s he came to Seattle, Washington, and engaged in the insurance business, which he conducted until 1898. In that year he went to Alaska, where he remained until 1905, being engaged in the mercantile business and in mining. Coming to Everett in 1905, he was engaged in business until 1914, when he turned his attention to the automobile field, securing the agency for the Reo cars. A few years later he also took over the agency for the Hupmobile car, and he built up a large and prosperous business, being a man of enterprising and aggressive methods, conducted according to sound business principles. He remained actively identified with this business up to the time of his death, which occurred February 26, 1926. During the years of his residence in this city ' he took an active and effective interest in local public affairs, contributing in every possible way to its progress and upbuilding. He was a charter member of the Everett Rotary Club and was one of the oldest members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He belonged to the United Commercial Travelers and served two terms as port commissioner. Politically he was a stanch supporter of the republican party. Kindly and genial in manner, he was a friend to all men and was held in the highest esteem. Vernon A. Burke secured a good public school education, graduating from the Everett high school, and then took a course in a business college. On the entry of the United States into the World war he enlisted in the heavy artillery, with which he went overseas, where he saw active service for nine months, returning to this country in 1919. He then devoted his attention to his father's automobile business and on the latter's death took entire charge of it. He has proven himself a man of mature judgment, and his conduct of the business has been marked by sound discretion and enterprising methods, so that he is today enjoying well merited prosperity. He has a splendid salesroom and garage, containing nearly fourteen thousand feet of floor space, and here lie is able to make a fine display of his cars. He also maintains a well equipped service station and repair shop, and employs twelve men in all departments. Mr. Burke was married, in 1923, to Miss Iola Linblom, of Everett, and they have one child, Roger Vernon. Mr. Burke is a member of the Rotary Club, the United Commercial Travelers 246 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and the Chamber of Commerce. He has always been a republican in his political belief and has maintained a deep interest in public affairs, especially such as pertain in any way to the prosperity and welfare of his own community. CLAIM DE STRETCH. Although young in years, Claude Stretch has had broad experience along business lines, performing with painstaking thoroughness every task that he has undertaken, and is now an important factor in the management of the business of the R. J. Stretch Company, making his home in Startup, his native town. He was born October 26, 1891, and is a son of J. F. and Sarah Stretch. In 1883 they came to the Pacific coast and settled in Snohomish. An uncle, Captain Benjamin Stretch, came to the Puget Sound country in the '70s and was a pioneer in the logging industry. Claude Stretch was educated in the public schools of Snohomish and attended a business college at Everett. Entering the field of journalism, he became city editor of the Snohomish County Tribune and was connected with that paper for a year. He was next engaged in surveying in California, spending a year in that state, and then returned to Washington, and for three years he filled the position of accountant at Hobart. On March 8, 1918, he entered the air service at Brooks field, Texas. He passed the required tests and was made sergeant major of Squadron B. After his release from military duty he returned to Washington and has since been associated with his brother, the founder and head of the R. J. Stretch Company, a large mercantile corporation, which conducts a chain of six stores in Washington. The firm also has a large warehouse and mill in Monroe and manufactures high grade dairy and poultry feeds. The organization is one of the largest of the kind in this part of the state, and in 1925 the company transacted nearly half a million dollars' worth of business. The subject of this sketch is manager of the stores at Startup, Sultan and Snohomish, and has formulated many well devised plans which have stimulated the growth of the business at these points. On October 20, 1924, Mr. Stretch married Miss Ellen Erickson, a native of Snohomish, and to this union has been born a son, Thomas Wallace, aged two years. Mr. Stretch is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a stanch adherent of the republican party and for three years has been postmaster of Startup, which was formerly called Wallace. Thirty-four years ago J. F. Stretch, the father of Claude Stretch, performed a similar service for the town. The son has guided his life by high standards and his record reflects credit upon a name that has long been an honored one in the annals of the county. W. E. BENNETT One of the well known citizens of Everett, who after a varied and extremely interesting career is now established in business here and is enjoying not only well merited prosperity but also the respect and esteem of all who know him, is W. E. Bennett, owner of a music and radio store at 2929 Broadway. Mr. Bennett is in a straightforward and conservative manner performing the duties of citizenship and has made a most favorable impression on the community, being numbered among its representative citizens. He was born at Hillsboro, Wisconsin, on the 29th of July, 1869, and is a son of William T. and Libby E. (Stimble) Bennett, who moved from Wisconsin to Hastings, Minnesota, in the early '70s. Later in life they came to Everett, where Mr. Bennett followed building and contracting during the remaining active years of his life, he being now deceased. W. E. Bennett secured a public school education, and in 1888 he came to Seattle, Washington, being there at the time of the great fire of 1889. He was engaged as an engineer and was also in the electrical construction business. In 1890 he went to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, where he remained for a time, and then went to Calgary, where he built the first electric light and power plant in that locality. Later he went to Victoria, British Columbia, where for five years he was chief engineer for the National Electric Tramway and Lighting Company. During the '90s Mr. Bennett came to Everett, but he later went to Chicago, Illinois, where he was engaged in the electrical contracting business for about eight years. From there he went to New Orleans, Louisiana, and later to San Francisco, California. There he joined the United States navy, becoming chief electrician on the United States battleship Oregon, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 247 and while on that ship, in 1904, he installed the first radio apparatus in the United States navy. He served seven years in the navy and then, in 1910, entered the commercial navy, sailing before the mast. He went around Cape Horn and was paid off at Cork, Ireland. He then went to London, and from there to Hamburg, Germany, where he shipped on the steamer Abiocuta for the South African trade, as second engineer. While on that trip he suffered an attack of blackwater fever and was invalided home. Later he left Liverpool on a steamship as an oiler, and coming by the way of the straits of Magellan to Victoria, British Columbia, he was paid off at the latter port and then came to Everett, where he has since remained. Here he was engaged in the electrical wiring business until 1919, when he turned his attention to the music business, establishing a store at 2929 Broadway, where he carries a full line of phonograph instruments and records and radios and radio supplies. By close and painstaking attention to his business and courteous and fair dealings with the public he has gained a high measure of public confidence and now has a large and constantly increasing patronage. He has a thorough technical knowledge of radio and has been the means of stimulating an increased local interest in this most wonderful system of air communication. In 1914 Mr. Bennett was married to Miss Marie Jergens, of Everett, a native of Hamburg, Germany, and they are the parents of two children, Rudolph and Elizabeth. Mr. Bennett is independent in his political views, while fraternally he is a member of the Woodmen of the World. He also belongs to the Commercial Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He is a man of forceful personality and pleasing presence and is progressive in his tendencies, keeping in close touch with the latest advances in his line of business. He is held in the highest regard, being recognized as a man of alert mentality, fine public spirit and high character. THOMAS A. CASEY For more than a quarter of a century Thomas A. Casey has been numbered among the prominent and prosperous residents of Sultan, where he has won well merited success in the real estate field. He is a native of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, and his birth occurred on the 10th of May, 1856. His father, James Casey, who was born in Ireland, came to America on a sailing vessel, being three months en route from County Meath to New York. He arrived in the new world during the latter '30s or early '40s and for a time remained a resident of the Empire state. He afterward became a pioneer settler of Wisconsin. He was a well educated man who in early life had qualified for work as an engraver, but after removing to the middle west he followed agricultural pursuits. He was very active in politics and was a loyal member of the Roman Catholic church. He married Maria Reburn, who was born in County Meath, Ireland, and both passed away in Wisconsin, the former at the age of fifty-six years, while the latter died in 1889, at the age of seventy-two. Thomas A. Casey was the ninth in order of birth in their family of ten children. He was educated in the public schools of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, but his educational opportunities were quite limited, as he had the privilege of attending only until he reached the age of nine. He then began to earn his own livelihood and was first employed in a shingle mill, packing shingles at a wage of one dollar per day. During much of his life he has been connected with the business of shingle making. In 1872 he learned the molder's trade but followed it for only three years or through the time of his apprenticeship. He arrived in Washington in 1889 and first located at Tacoma, after which he removed to Buckley, where in connection with H. C. Knowles he began the manufacture of shingles, in which he continued until 1899 or for about eight years. He then sold his interests at that place and removed to Sultan, where he built a large shingle mill, conducting business under the name of the Tom Casey Mill Company. His interests were incorporated and Mr. Casey was president of the company. He conducted that mill for about three years, after which he entered the real estate and insurance business, in which he has since been successfully engaged, negotiating many important property transfers. He was also one of the organizers and was for two years the secretary of the Citizens Bank of Sultan. At Ludington, Michigan, Mr. Casey was united in marriage to Miss Hermine Herrgesell, a native of Germany and a daughter of Anton and Frances Herrgesell, both of whom are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Casey became the parents of the following sons and daughters Margaretta, the mother of one child, Mercedes, and the wife of George Smart, who resides in St. Paul, Minnesota, and is general roadmaster for the Great Northern Railway ; Mildred, residing at Wenatchee, Washington, who is the wife of Roy F. Smith and the mother of three children—Sarah, Maxine and Irwin ; Ermine, residing in Portland, Oregon, who is the wife of E. B. Farrow and the mother of two children, Bernice and Robert; Vera, 248 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY living at Renton, Washington, who is the wife o f D. J. Chiasson and the mother of two children, Norma and Jack ; T. Reburn, a resident of Sultan, Washington, who wedded Olive Cromer and has two children, Norene and Edward Reburn; Robert E., who is associated with his father in the real estate business ; and two who are deceased. Mr. Casey was made a Mason in Monroe, Washington, and afterward became one of the organizers of the Masonic lodge in Sultan. He belongs to the Sultan Commercial Club, having taken an active part in its organization and in instituting many movements put forth by the club for the city's improvement, especially in street and bridge building. He is an earnest democrat in politics and has made a most commendable record in the office of city treasurer of Sultan. For a period of ten years prior to 1923 he did effective work on the school board, the grade school being built during that time. He served as chairman of the board of education of district No. 30 and as clerk of high school board No. 100. Mr. Casey is also a well known notary public. A contemporary biographer said of him : "He wields a wide influence over public thought and action, for it is recognized that his opinions are sound and that he is most public-spirited at all times. Starting out to earn his own living when a lad of but nine years, he is today at the head of business interests of importance and yet he has ever found time to aid and cooperate in movements that look to the welfare and benefit of the district in which he lives." CHARLES E. SWANSON One of the most vitally important branches of the department of public safety is that of fire prevention and control, and no department of the municipal government of Everett is under better or more efficient management than is the fire department, of which Charles E. Swanson is chief. For this important post he is well qualified both by natural aptitude and by training, and under his direction the Everett fire department has made an enviable record for effectiveness. Mr. Swanson is a native of Sweden, born on the 20th of September, 1881, and is a son of Alfred and Emma Swanson. When he was about one year old the family emigrated to the United States, locating in Stillwater, Minnesota, where they remained for several years. They then came to Everett, Washington, where the father was employed in lumber mills up to the time of his death. He is survived by his widow, who still lives in this city. Our subject secured a good public school education and then became collector for H. 0. Seifert & Company, with which he remained until 1903, when he became a member of the volunteer fire department. On February 6, 1905, he became a member of the paid department, with which he has been connected continuously since. In 1910 Mr. Swanson was made assistant chief of the department and when Chief W. A. Taro was killed, November 10, 1923, he was promoted to the position of chief, which position he now holds. He is an ideal fire fighter, possessing the courage, coolness and sound judgment so essential in this service. His record is one of which he may justifiably be proud, and he commands the respect and confidence of the men under him, as well as the esteem of the entire community. On October 23, 1903, Mr. Swanson was married to Miss Clara W. Anderson, who was born at Litchfield, Minnesota, and they are the parents of a son, Claud Nathaniel, who is now a student in the University of Washington. Mr. Swanson is independent in his political views, voting according to his judgment as to men and measures. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the degree of a Knight Templar ; the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Pacific Coast Fire Chiefs, the Washington State Firemen's Association, the International Association of Fire Chiefs and the Everett Kiwanis Club. He is a man of splendid qualities, and no citizen of this community is held in higher respect. MRS. MARGARET (MERKLEY) McCREADY Mrs. Margaret (Merkley) McCready, one of the best known and most highly esteemed women of Snohomish, has long been active and prominent in club work. Her birth occurred in Iroquois, Ontario, Canada, on the 4th of March, 1865, her parents being Charles and Elizabeth (Irvine) Merkley, the former born in Iroquois, Ontario, Canada, March 4, 1843, and the latter in Ireland on the 28th of February, 1843. She comes of Holland Dutch and English ancestry on the paternal side and of Scotch-Irish lineage in the maternal line. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 249 In the acquirement of an education Margaret Merkley attended the public schools at the place of her nativity. On the 26th of September, 1890, in Snohomish, Washington, she gave her hand in marriage to Norman Sylvester McCready, M. D., the oldest physician in years of continuous practice in this county. A biography of Dr. McCready appears on another page of this work. Dr. and Mrs. McCready are the parents of two sons : Norman Merkley, who wedded Clara Karage and who lives in Seattle ; and Irving Spencer, who married Miss Greta Shadinger and who is a resident of Snohomish. Mrs. McCready, who has been a club member since 1896, belongs to the Cosmopolitan Club, the Hi-U-Wa-Wa Club and The Woman's Club, all of Snohomish. She became the first president of the Cosmopolitan Club, of which she thus remained at the head for seven years. During the period of the World war, from 1917 until 1919, she served as president of the Washington State Federation of Women's Clubs. She assisted in the organization of the Snohomish District Federation of Women's Clubs and filled the position of president from the time of its inception in 1913 until 1916. She was the president and assisted in the reorganization of the Snohomish County Anti-Tuberculosis League, which erected a sanatorium. During the World war period Mrs. McCready served as vice president of the woman's committee of the National Council of Defense and represented the state at Washington, D. C., in the first and only council meeting while the war was in progress. She was likewise first vice president of the Woman's Liberty Loan committee and of the various other war committees. From 1920 until 1922 she served as state director in the General Federation of Women's Clubs and she has held continuous office in the State Federation of Women's Clubs since 1902. She has always been interested in community welfare work. Mrs. McCready is a consistent member of St. John's Episcopal church and fraternally is affiliated with the Order of the Eastern Star, being past worthy matron of Golden Rod Chapter in Snohomish. JAMES M. FOYE James M. Foye, who owns and operates one of the large and well improved farms of Snohomish county, bears the distinction of being one of the pioneers of his section of Snohomish county, of which he has been a resident for fifty-five years. During the years which have passed since his arrival here he has witnessed the wonderful transformation of this section to its present well improved and prosperous condition and in this development has had an active part. Mr. Foye was born in Missouri on the 16th of April, 1860, and is a son of A. W. and Margaret (Buffington) Foye, the former of whom was a native of Maine and the latter of Pennsylvania. In the early '60s the family moved to Iowa, but in 1871 they started for the Pacific coast, traveling by train to San Francisco over the newly constructed Union Pacific Railroad, thence by steamboat to Victoria, by another steamer to Seattle, and then by steamboat, the old Black Diamond, to Snohomish, arriving here July 30, 1871. On the following day the father located on the present homestead, having bought of two Englishmen the rights to one hundred and sixty acres. The household goods and family effects were brought to the place from Snohomish by boat, but the father walked in to his land. There were but few settlers in that neighborhood and the tract had not even been logged, the timber being of an inferior quality. During those first years they did all of their trading at Snohomish, making the trip by canoe. The father applied himself closely to the clearing of the land and in the course of time succeeded in developing a good farm and a comfortable home, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1910. His wife passed away in 1898. James M. Foye secured his education mainly in the public schools of Iowa, in addition to which he attended a few terms in this county. He has spent all of the subsequent years on this place, and he materially assisted his father in the work of clearing the land. He now owns about three hundred and thirty acres, two hundred and twenty of which are cleared. Mr. Foye is devoting his attention largely to dairy farming, keeping from thirty-five to fifty-five cows, and has met with eminent success in this line. He raises a large amount of hay and grain and has a part of the land in pasture. He has made splendid improvements on his property, which is numbered among the leading farms of the county. In 1906 Mr. Foye was united in marriage to Miss Bessie Pedersen, who was born in Waterloo, Iowa, and who came here alone in 1905. She is a daughter of N. F. and Christiane C. (Gaihede) Pedersen, who came to the United States in 1882 and now live in South Dakota. To Mr. and Mrs. Foye have been born ten children, two of whom are deceased, the survivors being: Marion Keats, Harry Kenyon, Elwin James, Jennie May, Glendon Joseph, Norma Elaine, Rayma Louine and Ina Lee. Mr. Foye is a member of the Snohomish County Dairy- 250 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY men's Association and the Seattle Milk Shippers Association. He has taken a deep interest in educational affairs, as did his father, and has served as a member of the school board; also as road supervisor. Everything relating to the welfare or prosperity of the community has received his attention, and his active support has been given to all progressive measures. He is a man of high character and upright principles. LEWIS N. JONES Lewis N. Jones, city attorney of Arlington, has continuously followed his profession in this locality for thirty-one years and is one of the oldest legal practitioners in the county. He was born March 25, 1863, and is a native of Greenwood county, Kansas. His parents were Joseph W. and Elizabeth (Wright) Jones, the former a Kentuckian and the latter a native of Indiana. They started for Kansas in 1858 and lost most of their supplies en route, having left only two sacks of meal when they reached their destination, as the Missouri troops were at that time at war with the Kansas soldiers. The father was one of the early homesteaders of Kansas and subsequently settled in Arlington, Washington, where he spent the remainder of his life. His wife also passed away in that place. Mr. Jones attended the public schools of his native state and on January 8, 1890, arrived in Stanwood, Washington. For a few years he engaged in merchandising at Arlington in partnership with his brother, John Z. Jones, now deceased, and then read law, studying under the direction of A. D. Austin and W. P. Bell. Mr. Jones was admitted to the bar in 1895 and has since practiced in Arlington. He has handled much of the litigation tried in the courts of this district and is regarded as an able advocate as well as a wise counselor. He has a large clientele and wins most of his cases because of his thorough preparation and correct application of legal principles. In 1895 Mr. Jones married Miss Carrie Stearns, a native of Linn county, Iowa, and a daughter of Shelton U. and Mary J. Stearns. To Mr. and Mrs. Jones were born three children : Ethel, who is the wife of Coy R. Kern, of La Conner, Washington; Harry L., who is also a successful lawyer and is now in the office of the United States attorney general at Washington, D. C., being connected with the veterans' bureau ; and Ronald, state traffic officer. Along fraternal lines Mr. Jones is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Bar Associations and since its incorporation has served continuously as city attorney with the exception of three years, making a fine record in that office. Mr. Jones has a wide acquaintance and is highly esteemed by his professional colleagues and by those with whom he has been associated in other relations of life, for he has never deviated from the path of honor and integrity. CHARLES H. SCHAEFER Charles H. Schaefer, one of the pioneer business men of Marysville, is the proprietor of a well appointed undertaking establishment and also figures prominently in public affairs, serving as president of the Marysville Commercial Club, and for some years was postmaster of Marysville. He was born May 11, 1864, in Goshen, Indiana, and his parents, George W. and Lena Schaefer, were life-long residents of the Hoosier state. His father was a hardware merchant and continued in that business until his demise. Charles H. Schaefer was left an orphan before he reached the age of twelve years and has fought life's battles alone and unaided. He secured a public school education and worked for a time in a crockery store. He filled other positions and gladly accepted any honest employment, being anxious to advance. When he was twenty-one years of age, he came to northwestern Washington, locating in Marysville, and embarked in general merchandising in association with H. B. Myers. Subsequently Mr. Schaefer sold his interest to his partner and spent a few months in the east. On his return to Marysville he engaged in farming and also resumed his mercantile activities, being associated with F. L. Bartlett. They afterward became funeral directors and since the retirement of Mr. Bartlett from the firm Mr. Schaefer has conducted the business under his own name. He maintains a high standard of service, and his prices are moderate. He is tactful, reliable and efficient, and through good management and close application has established a large business. On March 17, 1886, Mr. Schaefer married Miss Annabel Vincent, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of Justus and Myra Vincent. Mrs. Schaefer passed away May 11, 1926, on her LEWIS N. JONES HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 253 husband's birthday. They became the parents of three children. Noma, the eldest, is the wife of John Hilton, who is engaged in the transfer business in Marysville, of which he was mayor for eight years. They have two children, Irene and Ronald. Edwin is a resident of Anacortes, Washington, and has a wife and one child, Donald. Elmer assists his father in business and is also married. He has two children, Marilyn and Stanley. Mr. Schaefer is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a stanch adherent of the republican party and for two terms was postmaster of Marysville. He was a member of the first town council and was later returned to that body. Through his influence many progressive measures have been inaugurated, and his worth to the community is uniformly conceded. HARRY J. ALLEN In all that constitutes true manhood and good citizenship, Harry J. Allen, proprietor of the Broadway garage, in Everett, is a worthy example. His career has been characterized by duty faithfully performed ; and by industry, thrift and wisely directed efforts he has acquired a liberal share of this world's goods, today being numbered among the enterprising and influential men of Everett. A native of England, he was born on the 13th of February, 1873, and is a son of Harry and Mary (Dutfield) Allen, the former of whom was engaged in the hotel business, and both of whom are deceased. Harry J. Allen is indebted to the public schools of his native land for his educational training. He learned the trade of a pattern maker, and in 1890 he emigrated to America, locating in Montreal, Canada, where he remained nine years. At the end of that time he went to Washington, D. C., where he was employed as a machinist for four years, after which he went to Chicago. His next move was to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he entered the employ of the Allis-Chalmers Company, with which he remained for four years. In 1909 he came to Seattle, Washington, and went to work for the Winton Motor Carriage Company, with which concern he remained until 1914, when he came to Everett and was in the employ of the Sumner Iron Works until 1922. In that year he opened the Broadway Garage and Machine Shop, at 2718 Broadway, where he has built up a large and prosperous business. He bought the property, one hundred by one hundred and twenty feet in size, on which are two buildings, and occupies part thereof, the remainder being rented. He has a completely equipped machine shop, containing improved machinery for all kinds of automobile repair work, including a Madison cylinder grinder and a Brown & Sharp universal grinder. He employs five persons during the busy season, and the high quality of work turned out by him has brought him a rapidly increasing trade. Mr. Allen was married, in 1917, to Miss Lillian Wright, of Everett, and they are the parents of two children, Merton and Leonard. Fraternally Mr. Allen is a member of. the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, which degree was conferred on him in the Scottish Grand Council of Rites, at Glasgow, Scotland. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. His political allegiance is given to the republican party and he takes a keen interest in local progress and prosperity, being an active member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. By close attention to his business and the exercise of sound judgment and discrimination, he has attained worthy success, while his fine public spirit and his friendly and genial manner have won for him the respect and good will of the entire community. EMIL H. SCHULTZ The most comprehensive history of any community is that which deals with the lives and activities of those who by their own endeavor and indomitable energy have placed themselves where they well deserve the title of "progressive," and in the following lines will be found a resume of the career of one who has come to be recognized as a leader in his particular field of effort—a man who instead of being subdued by the obstacles in his path has made them stepping stones to higher things, while at the same time he has gained a well merited reputation as a man of honor and genuine worth. Emil H. Schultz was born on the 8th of April, 1890, in Joliet, Illinois, and is a son of F. W. and Carolina (Guth) Schultz. In 1892 the family moved to Minnesota, where the 254 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY father was engaged in farming until 1907, when he came to Everett to make his permanent home, and is now living here, retired from active business. The mother died in 1925. Emil H. Schultz secured a good public school education. He subsequently located at Arco, Minnesota, where he established a machine and automobile shop, which he ran until the spring of 1913, when he came to Everett. Here he obtained employment as a boiler maker in the shops of the Great Northern Railway, working there until 1917, and then worked in an automobile repair shop for two months. He next went to Seattle, where he was similarly employed for seven months, and at the end of that time returned to Everett, where he worked in a shop until 1920, being foreman for the Paddock-Fowler Company, for which he established a machine shop. In 1919 he established a machine shop and garage of his own on Colby avenue, later moving to 2302 Everett avenue, where he now occupies a substantial brick building, fifty by one hundred feet in size, and admirably equipped in every respect for automobile repair work. Mr. Schultz also does repair work on batteries, in which line he is an expert. In 1920 Nelson J. Siegler bought a half interest in the business, which is now run under the firm name of Schultz & Siegler. Mr. Schultz is a genius in mechanics, being of an inventive turn of mind, and designed and built his'own grinding machine and testing bench, also automobile shop equipment, besides which he has taken out four patents on other machinery and is frequently consulted by inventors and machine shop men, among whom he is considered an expert. During the six years that he has been in business he has had the pleasure of seeing his patronage increase year by year and now commands his full share of the local business in his line. In 1922 Mr. Schultz took a course of instruction in electricity. In April, 1913, Mr. Schultz was married to Miss Martha Polesky, of Lyon county, Minnesota, and they are the parents of five children, namely : Wilbur, Margaret, Ambrose, Alvin and Irene. He is a member of the Automotive Trades Association, while in politics the republican party claims his allegiance. Though his business interests make heavy demands on his time, he has maintained a deep interest in the affairs of his city and county and has consistently supported every measure calculated to benefit the people. CHARLES T. SKINNER Among the pioneer mercantile houses of Everett is that of the Fisher Company. The name of Charles T. Skinner is inseparably associated with the history of the business, of which he has been manager for more than two decades, and through the steps of an orderly progression he has risen to this influential position. A son of Charles H. and Emma H. Skinner, he was born in 1869 and is a native of St. Albans, Maine. He has a natural aptitude for the mercantile business, which was followed by both his father and grandfather. The family migrated to the Pacific coast in 1891 and settled in Snohomish, Washington, on August 23 of that year. The father's demise occurred in 1892. The mother has reached the venerable age of eighty-four years and is a resident of Everett. She has lived in one house longer than any other person in the city and because of this fact was presented with a ton of coal in 1924. After the completion of his studies Charles T. Skinner was identified with the real estate business for a short time and afterward became associated with the Clark Mercantile Company. He started at a salary of twelve dollars per week and was made department manager, remaining with the Clark Company until the business was acquired by the Stone-Fisher corporation. It was established at Tacoma, Washington, in 1889, and the first owners were Sanford, Stone & Fisher, who were succeeded by Stone, Fisher & Lane. In 1897 the Stone-Fisher Company was incorporated for three hundred thousand dollars and after a few years it became necessary to increase the capital to six hundred thousand dollars. A chain of department stores was established in Tacoma, Seattle, Bellingham and Olympia and in 1895 the Everett branch was opened in a building near the present site of the White Variety Store. It was a small establishment and the trade was served by a man and two women. The business is now located at 1704-06-08 Hewitt avenue and the store has a seventy foot front. More than forty people are employed and three floors of the building are utilized. The stock is of high grade and includes dry goods, ladies' ready-to-wear garments, men's furnishings and carpets, rugs and linoleums. After the dissolution of the Clark Mercantile Company, Mr. Skinner entered the employ of the Stone-Fisher Company, now known as the Fisher Company, and for twenty-two years he has been manager of the Everett business, which has steadily increased under his expert direction. He combines executive force with ripe experience and is exceptionally well informed on everything pertaining to the trade, while his business methods are characterized by the progressive spirit of the age. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 255 In October, 1908, Mr. Skinner married Miss Leta E. Young, of Auburn, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, Charles F. Mr. Skinner is a member of the local camp of the Woodmen of the World and casts his ballot for the candidates and measures of the republican party. He is one of the influential members of the Chamber of Commerce, of which he was a director for some time, secretary for a number of years and treasurer for two terms. He is a good citizen as well as a sagacious, farsighted business man, fully alive to conditions in the modern commercial world and possessing the energy, aggressiveness and resourcefulness necessary to cope with them. IRVING SPENCER McCREADY The enterprise of the west is manifest in the career of Irving Spencer McCready, a capable young business man, who is operating the New Brunswick Hotel of Snohomish and bears a name that has long been an honored one in this locality, in which his life has been spent. He was born May 19, 1896, and is a son of Dr. Norman S. and Margaret (Merkley) McCready, the former the pioneer physician of Snohomish county and a distinguished exponent of his profession. Dr. McCready has been a resident of Snohomish since 1889 and is one of its most valued citizens. After his graduation from the Snohomish high school Irving S. McCready entered the University of Washington, which he attended for three years. Since 1920 he has conducted the New Brunswick Hotel, which was erected by his father in 1905. It is a brick building, two stories in height, and contains forty rooms, ten of which are provided with bath. There is a good restaurant in connection with the hotel, and the building is also the terminus of the stage line. The business is systematically managed and in the operation of the hotel Mr. McCready maintains a high standard of service. He combines a capacity for detail with executive force and puts forth every effort to promote the comfort and well being of the patrons. On March 10, 1921, Mr. McCready married Miss Greta Shadinger, a daughter of J. H. Shadinger, of Snohomish, and to this union has been born a son, Kenneth Craig. Mr. McCready is liberal in his political views and casts an independent ballot, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. He has made a success of the hotel business, for which he is well fitted by temperament and ability, and has a large acquaintance with the traveling public. WILLIAM T. KNOWLES William T. Knowles, one of the substantial business men of Everett, is well known in lumber circles of the Pacific northwest as the founder and head of the K. & K. Timber Company, with a record of nineteen years of successful operation, and his influence is strong and far-reaching. A native of Ohio, he was born in 1882, a son of Robert Henderson and Lyde (Claypool) Knowles, both deceased. In 1887 they migrated to the Pacific coast and for three years were residents of Seattle, Washington. They settled in Snohomish county in 1890 and for many years the father acted as deputy sheriff, faithfully and efficiently performing his duties. William T. Knowles was graduated from the Everett high school and afterward engaged in teaching for a few years. In April, 1907, with the assistance of J. W. Keim, he organized the K. & K. Timber Company but in July of that year his partner withdrew from the firm. His stock was purchased by Herbert York, who sold his shares six months later, and Mr. Knowles has since controlled the business. He has carefully planned every stage in its development, combining a capacity for detail with the ability to think in large terms, and manifests executive ability of a high order. The company cuts and markets cedar poles. The business was started at Snohomish but it was moved to Everett in 1909 and in 1920 the new office at No. 2912 Rucker street was opened. The firm started with a force of twenty-five men and now employs nearly two hundred. The operations of the company are centered in the province of British Columbia, Canada, and an office is maintained in the Standard Bank building at Vancouver. The firm handles about one hundred thousand poles per year and is one of the largest of the kind in the Pacific northwest. These poles are used in the construction of telephone, telegraph and power lines and sold extensively throughout the United States as well as in the Hawaiian islands, Mexico, Japan and South America. 256 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1906 Mr. Knowles married Miss Martha Hanson, who died in 1907, leaving a son, Theodore, now a high school student. Mr. Knowles' second union was with Miss Mazie Dean, of Everett. They were married in 1910, and have five children: Bill, Mary, John, Alice and Jane. Mr. Knowles is a republican in his political convictions and belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His heart is in his work and he brings to the performance of his daily tasks an enthusiasm and belief in their importance which make it possible for him to keep well abreast of the spirit of the age with all of its complexities. Mr. Knowles has always dealt honorably with his fellowmen and stands deservedly high in the esteem of all with whom he has been associated. D. G. DARLING D. G. Darling is one of the pioneers in the chicken business in the western part of Snohomish county, having entered that line about twenty-five years ago, since which time he has enjoyed uniform success and a gratifying measure of prosperity. He was born in Tawas City, Michigan, in 1872, and is a son of William and Lucy (Smith) Darling, the latter of whom died in Michigan. In 1896 the father came to Washington, locating in Tacoma, where he spent his remaining years. D. G. Darling received a good public school education and was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he followed in his native state until 1900, when he came to Tacoma, Washington. In 1901 he bought five acres of land near Marysville, Snohomish county, and engaged in the poultry business, being one of the very first in this section of the county to embark in that line of work. He has given close and careful study to all phases of the business, on which he is considered an authority, and today is accounted one of the leading poultrymen of the county. He keeps from two thousand, five hundred to four thousand, five hundred laying hens, all of which are pure bred White Leghorns, and runs an incubator with a ten thousand egg capacity. He sells many of his eggs for hatching and also does a large business in young chicks. He has made many substantial improvements on his place and is well equipped in every way for the successful prosecution of his work. In 1901 Mr. Darling was united in marriage to Miss Ruth Morgan, who is a native of Michigan, and to them have been born the following children : Mildred, who is the wife of William Dawson and lives with her father ; Alice, who was married to Robert S. Buchard and also is at home; and Lucy, who lives in Seattle. Mr. Darling is a republican in his political affiliation and is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. He belongs to the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association. He takes a proper interest in the welfare and progress of his community and is highly regarded by the members thereof. J. D. FIELDS J. D. Fields is a successful young druggist of Lowell, where he has been engaged in business since July, 1919. His birth occurred at Forest Grove, Oregon, in 1894, his parents being Isaac S. and L. M. (Ross) Fields, the former a native of Ohio, while the latter was born in Washington, in 1871. David Ross, the maternal grandfather of J. D. Fields, crossed the plains to the west with ox teams about 1868 and located on the Lewis river, his being the third white family to settle there. The father of Mr. Fields of this review made his way to Oregon in 1890 and there turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He has served as postmaster at Woodland, Washington, during the past twenty-nine years and has made a highly commendable record for efficiency and faithfulness in that position. J. D. Fields acquired a public school education at Woodland, this state, and subsequently pursued a pharmaceutical course in the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1916. He filled clerical positions at Blaine, Ellensburg and Auburn, successively, prior to his arrival in Everett in April, 1919. There he spent a few months in the service of the Tozer Drug Company, after which he purchased the business of the E. E. Steiner Drug Company at Lowell, which he has carried on continuously and successfully to the present time. He carries a large and well selected line of drugs and druggists' sundries and has been accorded a patronage of extensive and profitable proportions, for he is widely recognized as a progressive and enterprising young business man with an expert knowledge of pharmacy. On the 1st of September, 1916, Mr. Fields was united in marriage to Eva Close, of Seattle, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 257 and they have two children, Lois and Myrne. Mr. Fields gives his political support to the republican party, believing that its principles are most conducive to good government. He has membership in the Gyro Club and fraternally is affiliated with the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. HARVEY L. ELDRIDGE, M. D. Dr. Harvey L. Eldridge, physician and surgeon, began his professional career in the east but has long been numbered among the leading medical practitioners of Snohomish, where he has made his home for a period of twenty years. He was born in 1868 and is a native of Hancock county, Maine. His parents, Henry and Laura Eldridge, removed to Massachusetts in 1877 and established their home in the city of Boston. The father was a sea captain and a well known figure in navigation circles of New England. Dr. Eldridge attended the public schools of Boston, and in 1902 he completed a course in Tufts College, from which he received the M. D. degree. After his graduation he opened an office in Boston and remained in that city until 1906, when he came to northwestern Washington, locating in Snohomish, where he is active in the practice of his profession. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association, while fraternally he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. H. J. CLOUGH In every community there are men who by the consensus of public opinion are placed in the rank of its most useful and enterprising citizens and to this distinction H. J. Clough has attained. He is the executive head of the Clark-Nickerson Company of Everett, also directing the operations of other large corporations, and one of the strongest individual forces in the development of Washington's great lumber industry. He is a native of Whitman county, Washington, and in both the paternal and maternal lines comes of pioneer stock. He was born February 27, 1881, and his parents were 0. E. and Mary (Crumley) Clough. The Crumley family crossed the plains with ox teams and wagons and were among the early settlers of Oregon. 0. E. Clough was a brother of D. M. Clough and in the early days journeyed from the east to California. He migrated from that state to Oregon in 1876 and thence to Whitman county, Washington, in 1877. Soon afterward he was married in that county and in 1900 located in Everett. He was a successful business man and served for a number of years as vice president and general manager of the Clough-Hartley Company. His later years were spent in retirement and death summoned him in 1915. His widow is still a resident of Everett. H. J. Clough received a public school education and also had the benefit of a course in a business college. His identification with the Clark-Nickerson Company dates from 1900, when the business was established by D. M. Clough, E. A. Nickerson and their associates. The plant was started at the foot of Bayside street with a ten hour capacity of one hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber and furnished work to one hundred and fifty men. It now covers sixty acres on the bay front and has a capacity of three hundred thousand feet of lumber per eight hour day. The most modern equipment has been installed and seventy-five per cent of the mill is electrified. The firm employs three hundred men and its output is sold throughout the United States, while large shipments are also made to the orient, Australia, South Africa and other countries. M. J. Clark, the first president, served until his death, which occurred about 1905. His place was filled by D. M. Clough, who remained at the head of the firm until his demise on the 27th of August, 1924, when he was succeeded by H. J. Clough. The other officers are H. M. Robbins, vice president ; Harry D. Jewell, a resident of Grand Rapids, Michigan, who is secretary ; and A. E. McIntosh, of Everett, who acts as treasurer. The business has been in continuous operation for more than a quarter of a century, ever keeping pace with the constantly changing conditions of modern commerce, and constitutes a fitting example of the possibilities of this section if utilized to their fullest extent. Through the steps of an orderly progression Mr. Clough has risen to his present office and under his expert guidance the continued expansion of the industry is assured. He is also the president of the Barnet Lumber Company, a Canadian corporation, operating in the province of British Columbia. T. J. Hartley is vice president and J. H. Lawson is secretary. 258 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY The plant is situated on Burrard inlet, in the vicinity of Vancouver, and is well equipped. It has a daily capacity of three hundred thousand feet of lumber and the firm employs three hundred men. Mr. Clough is likewise president of the Clough Lumber Company, whose mill is located at Stanwood, Washington. The plant has a capacity of one hundred and twenty-five thousand feet, working in eight hour shi fts, and utilizes one hundred men. The Clough Shingle Company, of which the subject of this sketch is president, has a force of thirty-five employes and the factory, which is situated on the Fourteenth street dock, will produce two hundred and seventy-five thousand shingles every eight hours. Mr. Clough is the executive head of the Hama-Hama Logging Company, operating on Hoods canal and employing two hundred and fifty men. All of these industries have profited by his exceptional business acumen and administrative power, and he is also active in financial affairs, serving on the board of directors of the First National Bank. He readily recognizes the difficulties, possibilities and opportunities of a business situation and to the solution of the many difficult problems submitted to him as an executive brings a clear brain and farseeing mind. In 1904 Mr. Clough married Miss Leonora Parker, of Anoka, Minnesota, and they now have three children: Lorine, Jane and Virginia. Mr. Clough casts his ballot for the candidates and measures of the republican party and is a popular member of the Cascade and Golf Clubs. He enjoys horseback riding and is a fancier of fine saddle horses, whith he has exhibited at the Vancouver Fair. Mr. Clough is one of the outstanding figures in America's industrial world and a man of high character whom to know is to esteem and admire. THOMAS WILLIAMS Those in search of an ideal place in which to spend a vacation could do no better than to go to Williams Park, on Lake Stevens, where every facility is provided for recreation and pleasure, and which is rapidly becoming one of the most popular resorts in the Puget sound district. The proprietor of this pleasure ground, Thomas Williams, was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, May 10, 1866, and is a son of W. M. and Elizabeth (Williams) Williams, both of whom were natives of Wales and are now deceased. The father, who was a coal miner in his native land, brought his wife to Snohomish county, in 1878, being among the earliest pioneers in this locality. He first took up a homestead on the Pilchuck river, which he later sold, and located on the Snohomish marsh, where he took up a tract of government land. A vast amount of work was required in order to get this land in shape for cultivation and in the course of these labors Mr. Williams built what has always been known as the Williams ditch, the second big drainage ditch in this section of the county. He also gave considerable attention to mining, but the family remained on the farm. In 1888 Mr. Williams returned to the farm, to which he thereafter devoted his entire attention until his death, which occurred there in 1895 ; his widow died there in 1897. They were the parents of seven sons, of whom five are still living. Thomas Williams secured a public school education and then engaged in mining with his father, eventually becoming foreman of the Newcastle coal mine. In 1894 he turned his attention to quartz mining, mining all over the west, and was in Nome, Alaska, in 1897. He returned to the States because of his mother's death and then enlisted for service in the Spanish-American war, serving about eighteen months in the Philippines. He then returned home and conducted his father's place about a year, at the end of which time he engaged in the hotel business at Renton. Later he ran a restaurant at Everett in partnership with one of his brothers, and in 1902 he returned to Nome, Alaska, where he remained until 1904, when he came back to Snohomish county and entered the employ of Rucker Brothers. About this time he bought a tract of land on Lake Stevens, but did not at that time give any personal attention to its improvement. He ran a logging camp for Rucker Brothers and was also for a few years with the Star Logging Company. He then went to Alaska and engaged in prospecting at the base of Mount McKinley, being there at the time Dr. Cook claims to have climbed it. Returning to Everett in 1912, he was for a time in the employ of the Pacific Coast Coal Company, but in 1914 he again returned to Alaska and developed the Matmuskey coal fields for the United States government. In 1918 he returned to Washington, intending to enlist in the government timber reserve work, but was assigned to work in Skinner & Eddy's shipyards for a short time. He then returned to the employ of Rucker Brothers, opening logging camps for them until 1920, when he quit that line of work and, locating on his land on Lake Stevens, he proceeded to its improvement. He has twenty-four acres here, including five hundred feet of water front, and has so improved it as to create an ideal summer resort. He HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 259 has erected a number of cottages, a dance pavilion and other necessary buildings, and has a large number of boats and canoes. With no outside help, except of his wife and son, Mr. Williams has not only made the necessary improvements on his place, but he has obtained the right kind of publicity for it, and now it is enjoying marked popularity among a representative class of people, for whom he provides every possible facility for an ideal summer outing. In 1898 Mr. Williams was married to Mrs. Ella Strickland, who is a native of Ohio, a daughter of Daniel Merwin and a sister of Mrs. Minnie Larimer, who came to Washington in 1870. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have two children, Earl E., a step-son, and Gwilym, who is a graduate of high school and is at home. Mr. Williams is aligned with the republican party in his political views, though inclined to be independent at local elections. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is deservedly popular. ANDREW B. OLESON. Among the men of influence in his section of Snohomish county, who have the interests of their locality at heart and who have led consistent lives, thereby gaining not only material success but also the respect of their fellow citizens, is Andrew B. Oleson, who is engaged in the grocery business in Everett, and who is regarded as one of its progressive business men and public-spirited citizens. Mr. Oleson was born in Norway in 1880 and is a son of Ole and Jennie Oleson. The father made a trip to the United States in the '60s, but returned to his native land, where he was married, and remained there until 1885, when he again came to this country, bringing his family and locating in Wisconsin. He found employment in sawmills for a while, but later engaged in farming in Wood county, that state, and while residing there the mother died. Subsequently the family came to Pilchuck, Snohomish county, where they lived for a number of years, and the father is now residing with a daughter at Snohomish. Andrew B. Oleson was about five years of age when brought to this country, and here he secured his education, graduating from high school in Wisconsin. He then gave his attention to farming in that state, also engaging in the tanbark business, until 1906, when he came to Pilchuck, Washington, where he worked in a sawmill for two years. At the end of that time he took over the hotel at Pilchuck, which he ran for about four years, after which he was for a time employed in a company store there. He next went to Blaine, Washington, where he spent one and a half years, when he returned to Pilchuck and was employed in the Parker-Bell store until 1922. Mr. Oleson then came to Everett and in partnership with Thomas Bartley bought the Wilson grocery store. In 1923 Mr. Bartley sold his interest in the business to W. F. Sawyer, and it is now conducted under the name of the Wilson Grocery Company. This establishment has long been known as one of the best grocery stores in Everett and under the present management is ably sustaining its reputation and prestige. They carry a large and well selected stock of staple and fancy groceries, as well as green stuff in season, and by careful attention to the tastes and needs of their patrons, have built up a large and representative trade. In 1917 Mr. Oleson was married to Miss Margaret Grandin, of Winnipeg, Manitoba, but who was residing in Seattle at the time of her marriage. To them have been born two children, Andrew Pershing and Margaret W. Politically Mr. Oleson is an independent democrat, voting usually according to his best judgment, but always for the best interests of the people. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, belonging to Lodge No. 128, at Arlington; the Order of the Eastern Star, and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is a man of progressive tendencies, keeping closely in touch with the great issues of the day, and follows the best of modern business methods. Cordial and pleasant in his relations with his fellowmen, and courteous and accommodating in his business affairs, he has gained a high place in the respect and confidence of all who have had dealings with him and is numbered among the representative business men of his community. WILI.IAM H. VERD Following in the business footsteps of his father, William H. Verd has long been recognized as one of the leading lumbermen of Arlington and Snohomish county, and he represents a pioneer family whose members have figured conspicuously in the upbuilding of one of Washington's chief industries. He was born October 25, 1872, in Huron county, Michigan, and his parents, Charles and Phoebe (Hoffman) Verd, were natives of Canada. His father 260 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY was one of the early lumbermen of Michigan and in 1888 came to Washington, attracted by its vast forests of valuable timber. He started a logging camp in Woodinville, King county, and later established a shingle mill in Bryant, Snohomish county. He afterward returned to King county and for a number of years operated a mill at Fremont, where he spent the remainder of his life, while his wife also passed away at that place. William H. Verd attended the public schools of Michigan until he was sixteen years of age, when he came to Washington, and for two years was a student in a business college at Seattle. For several years he was associated with his father in the lumber business at Bryant, Washington, and in 1902 started a shingle mill in Arlington in partnership with his brother. They have since converted the plant into a sawmill, which has a capacity of twenty thousand feet of lumber per eight hour shift, and their equipment enables them to turn out first-class work. They own large tracts of timber, which is sawed in their mill, and the output finds a ready sale. The members of the firm are sagacious business men of broad experience, and through good management and honorable, straightforward dealing they have developed a large industry of much importance to this district. On September 6, 1898, Mr. Verd married Miss Ethel I. Stephens, of Indiana, and their family numbers four children : Ruth, who is engaged in teaching ; Naomi ; Paul, a high school pupil; and Helen. Mr. Verd is a valued member of the Commercial Club and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He votes the republican ticket and for two terms was mayor of Arlington, ably administering its affairs. He was a member of the town council for one term and clerk of the school board for nine years. While a resident of Bryant he served as justice of the peace and also acted as assistant postmaster. His industry, ability and public spirit are amply illustrated in his career and his influence upon the life of his community has been of the highest order. W. R. PADDOCK. W. R. Paddock is generally recognized as one of the most successful automobile dealers on the Pacific coast, and his achievements have excited the admiration of his contemporaries. His accomplishments have represented the result of the utilization of his' innate talents and the directing of his efforts along those lines where mature judgment led the way, and he well merits the splendid success which has come to him. Mr. Paddock was born in Hutchinson, Kansas, on the 2d of February, 1887, and is a son of J. C. and Lavina Paddock. In 1893 the family moved to Oklahoma, where they remained until 1901, moving then to Indiana, of which state they were residents until 1908, when they came to Everett, and here the father's death occurred. He is survived by his widow, who now makes her home with her son, the subject of this sketch. W. R. Paddock secured a good public school education, and he accompanied the family on their various moves. Almost from the time of locating in Everett Mr. Paddock has been identified with the automobile business in one way or another, but in 1911 he became an active salesman for Studebaker cars and has remained loyal to this one line of cars continuously since. His record as a salesman is one of which he is justifiably proud, as he is also of the fact that he has been longer identified with one line of cars than any other salesman on the coast. His record since taking over the Studebaker agency in 1914 can best be told in his own words, quoting one of his advertisements : "In August, 1914, Mr. Fowler, who now operates our Mount Vernon branch, and myself organized the Paddock-Fowler Auto Company, with practically no cash capital. We sold a total of nine new Studebaker automobiles that year. In 1915 our sales aggregated one hundred thirty-six thousand dollars and increased practically one hundred per cent each year until 1921, the year of the depression, when we only held even with 1920. Since that time our business has had a steady, healthy growth to a total of five hundred and twenty-eight automobiles in 1925, or over six hundred thousand dollars volume. Our organization has grown from a total of three people in 1914 to thirty-one in 1926, all of whom stand ready and willing to serve you to their utmost ability." The Paddock-Fowler salesrooms at 2801 Wetmore avenue are well adapted to the purpose, the two story brick and concrete building being seventy-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size. They are also well equipped for all kinds of repair work, maintaining a shop for that purpose, and here, as in all other departments, promptness and the best quality of work are insisted upon. Mr. Paddock was married, in 191Q, to Miss Rose Graham, who is a native of Mount Vernon, Washington, and they are the parents of two children, Dorothy and Ina. In his political views Mr. Paddock is an independent republican, while he sustains fraternal relations HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 261 with the Free and Accepted Masons and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Golf and Country Club, the Chamber of Commerce and the Automotive Trades Association. Though his business affairs have made heavy demands on his time, he has not been neglectful of his obligations to the community, but has given his earnest support to every measure calculated to advance the prosperity and general welfare of the city and county, and he has stood as a champion of all civic and social progress. He possesses a forceful individuality, and he has been an influential factor in the business prosperity of Everett. L. W. MATHEWS Among the old pioneers and honored citizens of Snohomish county, none enjoys to a greater measure the respect and admiration of the people than does L. W. Mathews, of the vicinity of Everett. He is a native of Trumbull county, Ohio, born on the 5th of May, 1852, and is a son of Levi C. and Marie (McCormick) Mathews, who took their family to California in 1875, and there they spent the remaining years of their lives, their deaths occurring in Sacramento. L. W. Mathews secured his education in the public schools of his native state and accompanied his parents to California in 1875. He remained in that state until 1882, when he came to Lowell, Washington, where he went to work in the logging camp of E. D. Smith, with whom he remained for ten years. In 1884 he took up a homestead on the hill east of where Everett now stands and at once entered upon the formidable task of clearing the land and getting it in shape for cultivation. His first home here was a shack of split shakes, but in the course of time as he prospered he erected a good and substantial set of farm buildings and brought the land to a high state of cultivation. He has lived here for over forty years and has been a witness of the wonderful development which has characterized this section of the country. He contributed his full share to this transformation and has the satisfaction of knowing that the locality has been benefited by his presence. In recent years he has sold part of his place and has given portions of it to his children. He is very comfortably situated and is spending the golden sunset years of his life in a leisure which he has richly earned. In 1879 Mr. Mathews was united in marriage to Miss Ellen A. Flynn, who was born in Ireland, whence she was brought to Kentucky in her girlhood, and later went to California, where she became the wife of Mr. Mathews. Her death occurred in 1922. To Mr. and Mrs. Mathews were born the following children : Alice, who became the wife of George Siegle and lives in Okanogan, Washington; Edward J., who resides on the home place ; William, who died at the age of eighteen months ; Julia, the wife of J. R. McDonald, who is engaged in the poultry business on the home farm ; Llewellen C., also on the home farm ; L. W., Jr., who lives on the home place and is employed in a lumber camp on Whidbey island; Marion, the wife of Frank Cargeneau, of Everett ; and Lawrence, also on the home farm. While living in California, Mr. Mathews was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, but is not now actively affiliated with that order. lie is independent in his political views, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He has always supported those measures which were calculated to benefit the community and has ever enjoyed the confidence of all who know him. RAYMOND E. DOUGLAS, D. M. D. Dr. Raymond E. Douglas, an able and successful young dental practitioner of Sultan, was born in Portland, Oregon, in the year 1900. His parents are Patrick and Mary Ellen (Farnan) Douglas, the former a merchant of Portland. Raymond E. Douglas attended the medical department of the University of Oregon at Portland prior to matriculating in the school of dentistry of the North Pacific College at Portland, Oregon, which institution conferred upon him the degree of D. M. D. at his graduation on the 1st of April, 1925. Thereafter he was engaged in practice in Seattle, 'Washington, for a few months in association with his brother, Dr. S. P. Douglas, a well known dentist of that city. It was in July, 1925, that he came to Sultan, where he has already built up a dental practice of large and lucrative proportions, which is accorded him in recognition of his marked skill and ability in the field of his chosen calling. On the 19th of September, 1925, Dr. Douglas was married to Miss Helen L. Morrissey, of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. In politics the Doctor maintains an independent attitude, exercising his 262 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY right of franchise in support of such men and measures as he deems will most effectively promote the general welfare. He belongs to two Greek letter fraternities—Xi Psi Phi and Sigma Chi, and has social qualities which make for popularity wherever he is known. JOHN H. BAST Among the prominent and well known citizens of Everett connected with the development of this part of the state from pioneer days is John H. Bast, a successful brick contractor, who represents a family that has been identified with the settlement and improvement of Snohomish county from a very early day. Before the city of Everett was ever dreamed of his father, Englebert Bast, took up his abode in Snohomish county. This was in 1879. He acquired five hundred and fifty acres of land on the east side of the Snohomish river immediately opposite where the town of Everett was first platted and embracing that district now commonly called Riverside. On that tract he tilled the soil and became one of the county's first and most pros-. perous agriculturists. It was no unusual sight to see many Indians in their canoes on the river, in fact hundreds in a day from the Tulalip reservation passed going to work in the hop fields at Snoqualmie. He established the first industrial enterprise in this section of Washington, starting a brickyard on a location now included in the city of Everett, and his son, John H. Bast, blew the first whistle. When the Northern Pacific Railroad was built through this section of the state with Tacoma as the terminus, Mr. Bast was offered two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for his land by the railroad company but, like many another man, he refused the offer. Later on when the town was platted by the improvement company they offered him one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars for his property, which was again turned down. Then the hard times set in and Mr. Bast was forced to mortgage his entire holdings and, ultimately lost his five hundred and fifty acre farm. He bravely set out to recoup his shattered fortunes, taking up the work of contracting, and many of the first buildings in Everett were erected by him. He continued actively in that line up to the time of his death, which occurred November 21, 1907. He was a firm believer in the great value of education and served as a member of the first school board in this locality and the first schoolhouse is still standing upon the old Bast homestead. School was conducted there before the city of Everett had come into being, and the first teacher in District 24 was Miss Kellogg. John H. Bast, now one of Everett's leading citizens and one of its best known contractors, was born in Detroit, Michigan, December 25, 1859, and is of German descent, for his parents. Englebert and Gertrude (Appell) Bast, were natives of Prussia and Hesse-Darmstadt respectively. The mother's people were originally French, but sought refuge in Germany during the revolution in France and afterward became German subjects. The Bast family emigrated to America when the father of our subject was but ten years of age and his mother's people came to this country when she was a maiden of nine summers. Settlement was made in Detroit, Michigan, and there she was educated and married. After the fire in Chicago the family home was established in that city and in 1875 a removal was made to San Francisco, where they remained for several years. In 1879 they located where the town of Everett now stands, and here Mr. Bast secured the five hundred and fifty acres of land previously mentioned. He was born in 1833, so that he had reached the age of seventy-four years when he passed away in Everett. His widow survived him about seven years. Their children were : John H., Anthony F., Peter J., George E., Lawrence W., Edward, deceased ; Mary, Josephine, deceased, and Katharine. Mary became the wife of R. D. McDougal, of Tacoma, and Katharine married George Lawrence, of Seattle. John H. Bast was the eldest of the nine children. In his boyhood he attended the schools of Michigan and afterward took up the bricklaying trade in Chicago. He completed his apprenticeship in San Francisco and later lie erected many of the buildings in Everett and also many of the finest structures of Seattle and Tacoma. He had charge of the brick work on the State Reformatory at Monroe, Washington, and has had charge of all the brick work on many other important buildings in Tacoma and Seattle. His life has been one of intense and well directed activity and the success which has crowned his efforts is the merited reward of his labor. As his financial resources have increased he has made investments in real estate and is now the owner of much valuable property in Everett. On June 28, 1887, in Tacoma, Mr. Bast was united in marriage to Miss May 0. Russell, a daughter of James and Agnes (Duncan) Russell, of Edinburgh, Scotland. The couple became acquainted while Miss Russell was on a visit at Nanaimo, British Columbia. Mrs. Agnes (Duncan) Russell was one of the Duncan clan of Duncansby Head, Scotland, and traced her JOHN H. BAST HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 265 ancestry to one of the followers of the Duke of Lancaster at the time of the Wars of the Roses. John H. and May 0. (Russell) Bast became the parents of nine children, one son and eight daughters. (1) Casper, whose birth occurred in Tacoma in 1891 and who now resides at Everett, wedded Viola McCabe, of Dubuque, Iowa. During the period of the World war he served in France with the One Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry. (2) Helen, who was born in Snohomish in 1892, is the wife of J. R. Degge, of Everett, by whom she has one son, James Roland. (3) Beatrice, the first white girl born on Ebey island, now resides at Bellingham and is the wife of Albert P. Broesamle, and the mother of two children, Jane and Donald Broesamle. (4) Genevieve is the wife of E. F. Petersen and resides at Riverside, California.. (5) Cecilia, who was graduated from the Everett high school, is now serving as night superintendent of the Good Samaritan Hospital in Portland, Oregon, where she received her training. (6) Clara, who is the wife of Bryan J. McPhee, has two children, John and Helen McPhee, and makes her home in Seattle. (7) Patricia, who is the wife of Leon Behrman, lives in Portland, Oregon. (8) Mildred is the wife of J. Albert Folkins, and resides in Everett. (9) Frances, the youngest daughter, is the wife of Reginald B. Bachelder and resides in Everett. Mr. Bast stands very high in public regard and his has been a well spent life justly entitling him to the respect and confidence of those with whom he has come in contact. He represents one of the honored pioneer families of this section of the state and his memory forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present. Both he and his wife can remember a period long prior to the time when Everett was founded, when the red men were more numerous than the white settlers of this locality and deer were very plentiful, some being shot in the back yard of the Bast home. They have rejoiced in the changes which have occurred, bringing about modern day progress and improvement, and at all times have borne their share in the work of general advancement. EVERETT C. MAcDOUGALL The door of opportunity is ever open to the alert, and in his brief business career Everett C. MacDougall has demonstrated what may be accomplished when energy and ambition combine. He is a representative of the younger generation of business men whose ability and enterprise promise so much for the future progress of the state, and is an important factor in the management of the business of the R. J. Stretch Company, to which he has given twelve years of faithful, efficient service. Mr. MacDougall was born April 15, 1894, in Ontario, Canada, his parents, Allan and Jane (Burwash) MacDougall, having paid a visit to Canada shortly before his birth. They had journeyed from the province of Ontario to the Pacific coast. At San Francisco, California, they secured passage on a vessel bound for the Puget Sound and in 1877 located in Snohomish, Washington. In 1878 the father purchased a relinquishment, becoming the owner of a tract of land adjoining the western boundary of the present town of Monroe, and while clearing the farm he worked in the lumber camps of this district in order to provide a livelihood for his family. Through arduous effort he brought his land under cultivation and transformed the virgin soil into a productive, well improved ranch, on which he spent the remainder of his life. He responded to the final summons in 1917, and the mother's demise occurred in June, 1923. To their union were born six children : Edward, who is deceased ; Hilma, now Mrs. James De Feyter, of Monroe ; Olive Frances, who is the wife of Robert J. Stretch, of Monroe, and has one child, Mildred; and Allan, Everett and Mervin, all three of whom are identified with the R. J. Stretch Company. Their son Mervin entered the United States army when a youth of sixteen and was sent to the front, serving for eight months in France. Everett C. MacDougall was educated in the public schools of Monroe and worked for three years on his father's ranch, acquiring a practical knowledge of agricultural pursuits. At the time of its organization he became connected with the R. J. Stretch Company, with which he has since remained. He has a detailed knowledge of the business and through earnest effort and systematic work has contributed his share toward its upbuilding. The firm has a large feed mill and warehouse in Monroe and operates six stores in Washington. Robert J. Stretch is the founder and head of the corporation which controls one of the largest industries in the state and has been a strong element in the development of northwestern Washington. On September 22, 1915, Mr. MacDougall was united in marriage to Miss Edith Ames, a native of Snohomish, but at that time a resident of Monroe, and they have two daughters, Margaret and Evelyn. Mr. MacDougall is a Mason and is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a republican in his political views and was a member of the 266 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY town council of Sultan. He is a typical young man of the present age, alert, self-reliant and resourceful, meeting every emergency with poise and readiness, and his stability and genuine worth have drawn to him a large and ever widening circle of loyal friends. A. E. McKEE A. E. McKee, an able financier, is successfully managing the affairs of the Cascade Savings & Loan Association, of which he was one of the organizers, and occupies a central place on the stage of activity in Everett. He was born August 13, 1878, in Knox county, Illinois, and is a son of S. S. and Aurora (Catterton) McKee. His father was engaged in farming for many years and is now living retired, but the mother is deceased. A. E. McKee spent his boyhood on the homestead and attended the schools of the neighborhood. When a young man he became a railroad employe and was afterward connected with the insurance business. Since 1916 he has devoted his talents to the promotion of the interests of the Cascade Savings & Loan Association, ,which was formed in that year as a mutual savings institution. It has an authorized capital of two million dollars and a working capital of three hundred thousand dollars and confines its operations to Snohomish county. The association makes loans only on homes, taking first mortgages which represent fifty per cent of the appraised valuation. The loan committee inspects all properties and the report is submitted to the association's board of directors, by whom it is carefully examined. The average loan amounts to about eleven hundred dollars, and the business is conducted along conservative lines. it is efficiently operated and the expenses are kept at a minimum. Every precaution is used to protect the interests of investors and each vear the books of the organization are examined by the state inspector. It has enjoyed a steady growth and now has about three hundred and fifty members, who have received six per cent semi-annually in dividends from the time the business was started. The law provides that the money invested by a member may be withdrawn after a lapse of three months from the date of the first payment and after one day's notice, although right is reserved to require longer notice when necessary to protect the business against excessive withdrawals. It is located in the Colby building, occupying suite 210, and the executives of the association are experienced, stable business men of proven ability and integrity. C. W. Miley was the first president and H. 0. Siler was made vice president. W. R. Booth was elected treasurer and NV. P. Bell acted as secretary, while A. E. McKee was chosen as manager. Among the directors were S. J. Pritchard, H. T. Fowler, G. W. Mumaw and L. D. Carpenter. The present officers are : NV. P. Bell, president ; Harry Siler, vice president ; W. R. Booth, treasurer ; A. E. McKee, secretary and manager ; and Doris Bell, assistant secretary. The board of directors is composed of W. P. Bell, H. 0. Siler, W. R. Booth, A. E. McKee, D. L. Bell, G. W. Mumaw, C. W. Miley, Dr. John F. Beatty and W. H. Hooton. In 1911 Mr. McKee was united in marriage to Miss Anna Fett, of Spokane, Washington, who passed away in January, 1919, leaving two sons, Ross and Earl. Mr. McKee has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry and is connected with the Shrine at Seattle. He is also identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias. He is one of the influential members of the Chamber of Commerce and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He enjoys an enviable reputation as a business man and has done much to increase the prestige of the organization which he represents. He is the possessor of a pleasing personality and enjoys the esteem of many friends. F. J. OSTERHOLTZ F. J. Osterholtz is a prominent figure in commercial circles of Gold Bar and throughout his business career has been connected with mercantile affairs, advancing steadily as he has proven his worth and ability. He was born June 8, 1876, in Fountain City, Wisconsin, and is a son of John and Dorothy Osterholtz, who migrated to the Pacific coast in 1889. They settled near Portland, Oregon, where the father engaged in farming for many years but is now living retired. F. J. Osterholtz was thirteen years of age when his parents came to the northwest, and his education was completed in Oregon. For a number of years he was employed as a clerk, working in various stores, and then embarked in general merchandising at Bucoda, Washington. He came to Gold Bar in 1921 and for two years was local manager for the Farmers HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 267 Cooperative Association. Since 1923 he has performed a similar service for the Gold Bar Mercantile Company and under his expert direction the business has rapidly expanded. It was established in 1914 and for some time was conducted by J. C. Cox, an enterprising merchant of strict integrity, who passed away in February, 1924. Since his death the business has been continued by his widow. The firm handles a well assorted stock of dry goods, groceries and other merchandise and has won the confidence and support of the public by honorable, straightforward dealing and courteous service. While a resident of Bucoda, Washington, Mr. Osterholtz married Miss Cora Garland, by whom he has four children : Frederick Garland, Robert Henry, John Jerome and Mary Agnes. Mr. Osterholtz is an adherent of the democratic party and takes the interest of a good citizen in public affairs but has never entered politics. He is devoted to the interests intrusted to his charge, and his many good qualities have won for him the sincere regard of a wide circle of friends. WARREN W. DUCKERING Among the most valuable citizens of any community are those who, without ostentation or display, perform the daily duties of life faithfully and conscientiously, advancing not only their own interests but at the same time assisting in the promotion of the general prosperity of the community in which they live. In this class stands Warren W. Duckering, who has for more than twenty years been a resident of Everett and vicinity and who is now successfully engaged in poultry farming. Mr. Duckering was born in Meeker county, Minnesota, in 1872, a son of John A. and Maria (Bean) Duckering. Of their twelve children six are still living, namely : Charles, who resides in Everett ; Mary, who is the wife of H. H. Pennoyer, of New York ; John, who owns a ranch near Everett ; Flora, who was the wife of Jule Nye, of St. Paul, Minnesota ; William, who lives in Montana, and Warren W. In 1893, the son, John Duckering, came to Everett and entered the employ of the Sumner Iron Works, with which he is still connected, though he is also conducting a farm near that city. He bought twenty acres of land in 1897, but later sold portions of it to his father and our subject. Warren W. Duckering received his education in the public schools and followed farming in his native state until 1905, when he came to Everett and entered the employ of the Sumner Iron Works, for which concern he worked for twenty years. He has since devoted his attention to the chicken business, in which he is meeting with fine success, having been operating his ranch for a number of years while still employed in the iron works. He has made a number of splendid improvements on his place and now has an attractive and comfortable home. In 1899 Mr. Duckering was united in marriage to Miss Alma Brown, a native of Oklahoma, and they are the parents of two children, Gladys and Duane. Politically, Mr. Duckering has maintained an independent attitude, voting for the candidates who in his judgment are best qualified for office, regardless of party lines. Fraternally he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and Mrs. Duckering is a member of the Royal Neighbors. He is courteous and accommodating in his relations with his neighbors and has ever enjoyed their confidence and esteem. EDWARD H. LINCOLN Edward H. Lincoln, mayor of Snohomish, is actuated in all of his public service by an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good and brings to the discharge of his official duties the qualities that have made him a successful business mail. He is a native of Taunton, Massachusetts, born in 1863, a son of Martin J. and Annie (Hall) Lincoln, the former a skilled machinist, and is a seventh cousin of Abraham Lincoln. He received a public school education and also served an apprenticeship to the machinist's trade, which he followed in the east until he reached the age of twenty-two years. He came to the Pacific coast in 1885 and for seventeen years was employed by Hall Brothers, working in their shipbuilding plant at Port Blakely, Washington. In 1902 he located in Winslow, Washington, where he spent seven years, and in March, 1909, opened a blacksmith shop in Snohomish. He afterward mastered the plumber's trade, to which he has since given his attention, and is also an expert in this line of work. He is conscientious, efficient and reliable in the execution of contracts and conducts a large business, displaying keen sagacity in its management. 268 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY At Port Blakely, Washington, in 1895, Mr. Lincoln married Miss Jennie Elof son, a native of Denmark, and they have become the parents of three children : Charles H., who is living in Wenatchee, Washington, and has a wife and a daughter ; George W., a resident of Warm Beach, Washington; and Annie E., at home. Mr. Lincoln owes allegiance to no party, but votes according to the dictates of his judgment and is always found in the van of every movement looking toward the accomplishment of real and practical good. He represented his district in the state legislature for one term and in 1919 was chosen mayor of Snohomish, acting in that capacity for two terms. He was out of office for two years and was then recalled to the mayoralty, now serving a third term. He stands for the rigid enforcement of law and order, and makes his ability and public spirit the basis of his excellent work. He served on the school board in Kitsap and Snohomish counties for many years and has been a moving spirit in the accomplishment of much important work along lines of municipal advancement. He is a Mason and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Earnest, purposeful and progressive, his efforts have been directed along steadily broadening lines of greater usefulness, and his worth is uniformly conceded. EUGENE 0. WADHAMS To Eugene O. Wadhams belongs the unique distinction of having served continuously as a railroad train dispatcher longer than any other dispatcher in the United States, his service in that capacity covering a period of forty-three years. His retention in this exacting and responsible line of work for so long a period is certainly a marked testimonial to his efficiency and faithfulness. Mr. Wadhams was born in Peru, Nebraska, on the 26th of January, 1862, and is a son of Philip K. and Mary (Metcalf) Wadhams. His mother died in Kansas, and the father subsequently came to Spokane, Washington, where his death occurred in 1901. Eugene 0. Wadhams attended the public schools and then learned the art of telegraphy, starting to work in 1877, at the age of fifteen years, with the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad. In 1886 he became connected with the Missouri Pacific Railroad and two years later went to work for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, with which company he remained until 1893. He then entered the employ of the Great Northern Railroad, with which he has remained ever since, a period of thirty-three years. In 1900 that company sent him to Everett, and he is now serving as chief night dispatcher at this place. He has served as dispatcher continuously since April, 1883, and is regarded by the company as one of its ablest and most efficient dispatchers. In 1903 Mr. Wadhams bought five acres of land in East Everett, built an attractive home and now has a nice orchard of bearing fruit trees, and a beautiful garden of flowers, of which he is particularly fond. In 1898 Mr. Wadhams was united in marriage to Miss Ella Olson, who was born in Sweden and was brought to this country in her young girlhood. To them have been born six children, as follows : Eva, deceased ; Emma ; Roy and Elsie, who are at home ; and Floyd and Olga, who are in high school. Politically Mr. Wadhams is an independent republican, and he is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and belongs to the American Train Dispatchers Association. His life history exhibits a career of unswerving integrity, faithful performance of duty and wholesome home and social relations. JOHN E. GARRISON John E. Garrison, of Everett, sought no royal road to success, but directed his feet along the well beaten paths of those who had won along legitimate lines ; thus the success which has crowned his efforts has been well merited, as has the respect which is universally accorded him. He was born in Washington county, Virginia, in 1880, and is a son of J. L. and Tolitha (Esary) Garrison. In 1883 the father brought his family to Seattle, Washington, remaining two years, and then returned to Virginia, living there until 1905, when again he came to Washington, this time locating in Everett. Here he was for a number of years engaged in the contracting business, but is now retired from active affairs. Our subject is descended from pioneer stock on the maternal side, his maternal grandmother having, after the death of her husband, come to Washington with her brother, Dan Stevens, who homesteaded land where the town of Bothell, King county, now stands. John E. Garrison attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then took a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 269 course in a business college. In 1899, when nineteen years of age, he came to Seattle, Washington, where he obtained work as a logger, continuing thus until 1905, when he engaged in the logging business on his own account, following it in Washington and British Columbia until 1925: He then came to Everett and established a garage at Rucker and Wall avenues, where he has enjoyed a very satisfactory business. He has a splendid plant, his building being fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in size, and also conducts a well equipped repair shop. He has given close personal attention to this enterprise and has had the pleasure of seeing his volume of business steadily increase, the high quality of his work and the courtesy and accommodation which he has extended to his customers winning their confidence and regard. In 1924 Mr. Garrison was united in marriage to Miss Louise Braunehe, who is a native of England. Politically he gives his support to the republican party, and he takes a good citizen's interest in the public affairs of his community. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, while he also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, the Kiwanis Club and the Automotive Trades Association. He is a wide-awake, energetic man of affairs, and observes the best business principles. THOMAS E. MARKS Thomas E. Marks, a pioneer realtor of Snohomish, is a native of Ontario, Canada, and a son of Thomas and Mary Marks, the former an agriculturist. In 1888 he came to Snohomish and for several years was an accountant. He opened a real estate office in the '90s and later engaged in logging. In 1898 he went to Alaska and returned to Snohomish in 1901, resuming his logging operations. He owns the Marks building and also three ranches, which he rents. Mr. Marks married Miss Ina West, of Pennsylvania, who died in 1920. He is an independent voter and is a citizen of worth. JOSEPH D. ROBINSON The life of Joseph D. Robinson has been one of unceasing activity and has been crowned with a degree of success attained only by those who devote themselves indefatigably to the work before them. Through his untiring efforts he has become one of the leading poultrymen of his section of Snohomish county and now occupies an independent and influential place in his locality. Mr. Robinson was born in Blair county, Pennsylvania, on the 21st of March, 1856, and is a son of Joseph and Jane (McCaulley) Robinson, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Scotland. They were engaged in farming in Pennsylvania and in 1858 removed to Rice county, Minnesota, and still later to Faribault county, that state, where they took up a tract of government land, on which they spent the remainder of their lives, both being now deceased. Their son, Joseph D. Robinson, secured his education in the public schools and then he and his brother, B. F., bought the homestead, which they farmed together for four years, when Joseph D. sold his interest and moved to Montgomery county, Iowa. He remained in that locality seventeen years, engaged in the meat business and in farming, and then, disposing of his interests there, he came to Snohomish county, landing at Everett at one o'clock in the morning of the first day of the year 1900. After looking around a short time, Mr. Robinson bought one hundred and fifty-four acres of land near Marysville, paying ten dollars an acre for it, and it is worthy of note that today land around him is selling for twelve hundred dollars an acre. Mr. Robinson has since sold all but thirty-two and a half acres of his land, on which he has built a nice house and in other ways improved the place until it is now one of the best ranches in the community. Here he is engaged in poultry farming and has achieved a splendid success, being now numbered among the substantial men of his community. In 1880 Mr. Robinson was married to Miss Mary M. Bastedo, who was born in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, a daughter of Jacob B. and Almira A. (Morden) Bastedo, both of whom were natives of that country. Her father was engaged in the lumber business and in an early day located in Michigan, from which state he went to Iowa, and late in life went to Marysville, Washington, where he and his wife died. To Mr. and Mrs. Robinson have been born the following children : Arthur J., engaged in farming near Marysville, is married and has two sons, Alden and Stanley ; Clair died at the age of forty-two years, leaving a widow 270 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and a son, Lynn Gordon; Elsworth, who resides in Akron, Ohio, is married and has two sons, Harold and Donald; Neil A. died at the age of twenty-one years. Mr. Robinson is a republican in his political views, while he sustains fraternal relations with the Modern Woodmen of America. His religious connection is with the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a generous supporter. He belongs to the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association. For five years Mr. Robinson drove the bus carrying pupils to the consolidated school at Marysville. In all his operations he has shown a progressive spirit and has been keenly interested in everything relating to the upbuilding of the community, in the progress of which he has been a potent factor. DAVID G. BENNIE David G. Bennie, lumberman and financier, has aided in shaping the destiny of Stanwood and his life record is that of a self-made man who has risen superior to circumstances, bending them to his will. He was born in December, 1866, in Boston, Massachusetts, and his parents were David G. and Annie A. (Henry) Bennie, the former a baker. The son received a public school education in the east and in 1885 started for California, arriving in Sacramento without a dollar. He aided in railroad construction work and drove a stage, eagerly accepting any honorable employment. Through diligence and thrift he accumulated the sum of twenty-five hundred dollars and decided to invest his capital in Washington. He located at Stanwood, April 2, 1887, and at the end of a year had lost all of his savings. He gained a start by working in logging camps and secured a preemption and timber claim. He entered the logging industry, in which he was very successful, and was thus engaged until 1892, making twenty-five thousand dollars. He then paid a visit to the east, returning to Washington in 1893, and for four years he devoted his energies to the occupation of farming. In 1898 he was chosen manager of the Stanwood Cooperative Creamer), and filled that position until 1903. Mr. Bennie then joined A. S. Howard and Dr. Harry Lum in forming the Stanwood Lumber Company. The business had been established in 1897 by Mr. Howard, who served as president until his death in 1913, when Dr. D. McEacheron was selected to fill the vacancy. He remained at the head of the company for twelve years and in January, 1925, was succeeded by F. L. Howard, who has since been presiden'. Mr. Bennie has been treasurer and manager of the corporation for twenty-three years, and his well directed labors have been essential to the growth and expansion of the industry. He gives deep thought to his work and his carefully formulated plans are promptly executed. The mill was originally equipped to produce twenty thousand feet of lumber every ten hours and it now has a capacity of forty thousand feet per eight hour day. The plant is thoroughly modern and is operated by steam power. The company employs forty men and sells ninety-five per cent of its product in the east, shipping the lumber by rail. The firm is always prompt in executing orders and a well merited reputation for thorough reliability is one of its most valuable assets. Mr. Bennie is also vice president and one of the directors of the Bank of Stanwood and his connection with that institution has brought to it additional prestige. In 1898 Mr. Bennie married Miss Alice Thompkinson, who was a native of England. She was reared and educated in Boston, Massachusetts, and passed away in 1914. She was the mother of one child, Alice, now advertising manager of one of the large stores of Everett. Mr. Bennie's second union was with Miss Caroline Corns, a native of Iowa, and formerly a teacher in the public schools of Seattle, Washington. Mr. Bennie is a Knight Templar Mason and is also connected with the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Possessing a strong and self-reliant nature and a courageous spirit, he has passed far beyond the ranks of the many, taking his place among the successful few, and his personality inspires confidence and respect, for high standards of conduct have guided him in every relation of life. GORDON D. EVEL.A.ND Gordon D. Eveland, one of the foremost members of the Everett bar, has practiced in this city for nearly a quarter of a century, successfully handling many difficult cases, and he has also filled important public offices in the path of his profession. He was born in 1876 and is a native of Bradford, New York. His parents were Alonzo and Nettie Eveland, the former a prominent attorney of that place. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 271 After the completion of his high school course Gordon D. Eveland enrolled as a student at the University of Indiana, from which he was graduated in 1898, and in 1902 the University of Michigan awarded him the degree of LL. B. In that year Mr. Eveland came to northwestern Washington and located in Everett, where he has since followed his profession with gratifying success. He became assistant prosecuting attorney in 1902 and his able work led to his election to the office of prosecuting attorney, which he filled acceptably from 1907 until 1910. His legal acumen became widely recognized and in 1909 he was one of five attorneys selected by Governor Meade to codify the criminal laws of Washington. Of this committee three were active members, and in five months they accomplished a task which a similar board in New York took five years to perform. Mr. Eveland is a wise counselor and an able advocate who never fails to impress his hearers with the justice of the cause he pleads, and he has established an extensive clientele. In 1905 Mr. Eveland married Miss Katrice Lentzy, of Everett, and two children were born to them. Thomas was drowned when a boy of thirteen, and his brother Robert is now fifteen years of age. Mr. Eveland is a republican in his political views and his fraternal connections have been with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He holds to high standards in the field of professional service and is esteemed and respected by his fellow practitioners and those with whom he has been associated in other relations of life. NOBLE GEORGE HARVEY Among the representatives of pioneer families in Snohomish county there are few who have a wider or a better acquaintance in this county than has Noble George Harvey, a substantial rancher and landowner of the Snohomish neighborhood, for he was born here and has lived here all his life, having been a witness to the development of the region for more than fifty years. Mr. Harvey was born on the place on which he is now living in the immediate vicinity of Snohomish, June 17, 1873, the son and only child of John and Christine (Noble) Harvey, and said to be the first white child born in this county. John Harvey, one of the early pioneers of Snohomish county, was a native of England, born at Modbury in Devonshire, March 9, 1829, and he died at his home in this county November 28, 1886. His widow survived him for more than five years, her death occurring September 17, 1892. She was born at Fredericktown, New Brunswick, March 9, 1839. They were married in Snohomish, July 10, 1872, their marriage having been one of the early ceremonies of this character recorded in the county. John Harvey, the pioneer, was one of the California '49ers, he having joined the great throng of adventurers in the new gold fields as a_ young man. In 1852 he became a resident of the Seattle settlement and was for some time employed in development operations there, later taking a land claim on Lake Washington. He started in to develop this claim, but Indian troubles compelled his abandonment of that project, and he returned to Fort Seattle and was thereafter until 1862 employed in logging operations. In that year he and Sam H. Howe, also a native of England, undertook a mercantile enterprise by loading a boatful of provisions on Whidby island with a view to starting a store at the mouth of the Snohomish river. Indian troubles in that region, however, diverted their immediate purpose and they put in at Port Madison. Not long afterward Mr. Harvey bought for fifty dollars the right of a disgruntled settler who had taken a quarter section claim up the river at the site of the present city of Snohomish, and settled down to improve and develop the place, establishing his home in a log cabin thereon. In 1876 he supplanted that cabin by a substantial dwelling of a style of construction fitting to the growing development of the community, and there he and his wife spent their last days, recognized as honored pioneers and helpful citizens. Mrs. Harvey was active in religious matters and was the pioneer organizer of the Presbyterian church here. Under the terms of the enabling act erecting Snohomish county, passed by the assembly of the Territory of Washington, January 14, 1861, Mr. Harvey was named as a member of the board of county commissioners delegated to organize the county, the other members of this historic commission having been E. C. Ferguson and Henry McClurg. Mr. Harvey also rendered service as first treasurer of the county and in other ways was a useful personal factor in getting the county government started. His interest in the general industrial development of the community likewise was manifested in a direct and intelligent manner, and his name appears on record as one of the incorporators of the Snohomish City Mill Company in 1866. While he had much confidence in the ultimate outcome of the settlement of which he was one of the most forceful founders, he perhaps hardly dared dream that the development to which he looked forward ever would reach the point now attained in communal progress, for at the 272 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY time of his death in 1886 there was little on which to base expectation of the present development here. The name of John Harvey, by right of his useful part in civic and industrial progress in the days of the pioneers, will ever hold a high place in the public records of this county. Reared on the pioneer farm on which he was born, Noble G. Harvey attended the Snohomish schools and from the days of his youth was a helpful factor in the labors of improving and developing the farm. He was but thirteen years of age when his father died and was eighteen when his mother passed away. He came into possession of the home acres and is still the owner of ninety acres of that original quarter section. In 1911 he erected on his place a modern dwelling house and he and his family are very pleasantly and comfortably situated there. Mr. Harvey is a republican, as was his father, and has ever given a good citizen's attention to local civic affairs, but has not been an aspirant for public office. His farm is operated for him by a resident tenant and his attention is given chiefly to his realty and other interests in the community. On July 2, 1906, Mr. Harvey was united in marriage to Miss Edith Maude White, who also was born at Snohomish, a member of one of the pioneer families here, and they have a son, Eldon Harvey, born in 1908, who is now a student in the Snohomish high school. Mrs. Harvey is a daughter of William H. and Eliza (Bowden) White, natives of England, who became residents of Snohomish county in the early '80s and who are now living retired in Everett. During the days of his activity Mr. White was one of the substantial farmers and landowners of the Snohomish neighborhood. S. M. BAKER S. M. Baker, whose well improved and productive farm lies in the vicinity of Everett, has achieved a splendid measure of prosperity through his indefatigable efforts, directed by sound judgment, and today holds an enviable place among the leading farmers of his locality. He was born in Menominee county, Michigan, on the 22nd of July, 1873, and attended the public schools of his home county. He remained in that locality until 1898, when he went to Idaho, where for many years he was successfully engaged in lumbering. On May 9, 1918, he came to Snohomish county and went to work at the Canon mill at Everett. He is now the owner of one hundred and forty-eight acres of land near Everett, of which tract he has sixty acres under cultivation. He is giving considerable attention to the dairy business, keeping thirty-five good milk cows, and has been eminently successful along that line of effort. He has a splendid home, while all of the improvements on the place indicate him to be a man of good judgment. On May 11, 1922, Mr. Baker was united in marriage to Mrs. Ida Mount, daughter of Nels Krogan, who was a native of Wisconsin. Mrs. Baker came to Everett in 1908 and taught school until she became the wife of H. A. Jolson, who is deceased, and who was a prominent pioneer rancher of this locality. Mr. Baker has devoted himself closely to his farming operations, and is well worthy of the prosperity which is his. He is a man of genial and friendly manner, and his industry and commendable interest in the welfare of the community, have gained for him an enviable standing. GEORGE W. ANDERSON Among the pioneers of the Granite Falls district of Snohomish county specific mention should be made of George W. Anderson, who has been a resident of this locality for forty years, having come here when there was hardly a break in the forests which covered this part of the county. During the subsequent years he devoted his energies to the clearing of his land and took a commendable interest in the general progress of the community, and he has been regarded as one of the leading and influential men of his locality. He was born at Dover, Maine, on the 14th of November, 1858, and is a son of David and Sarah E. (Hassel) Anderson. The father died in Maine and his wife afterward came to Washington, where her death occurred. George W. Anderson was reared on his father's farm and attended the common schools of his home neighborhood. In 1878, when twenty years of age, he came to the coast, locating first in Oregon, but in the same year came to Seattle, Washington. From there he went to Skagit county, where he remained until 1882, when he returned to his native state for about a year. In HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 273 1884 he again came to Washington, locating in Snohomish county, where he built a home and followed the logging business for a year or two. In 1886 he took up a homestead near where Granite Falls now stands and which locality at that time had not in any sense been improved, there not being even trails. The nearest trading point to his land was Snohomish, seventeen miles distant. However, with a vision of its possibilities and an abiding faith in the future of this locality, he went to work clearing his land and now has about forty acres cleared and in cultivation. He carries on general farming, but gives his main attention to dairying, in which he has met with splendid success, keeping a fine herd of Jersey cows, some of which are registered stock. He has a fine set of farm buildings and is very comfortably situated. Mr. Anderson has been married three times—first to Miss Eva Andrus, daughter of H. J. Andrus, of Machias, this county. She died in 1905, leaving three children, namely : Jennie, who is the wife of Walter Glover, of Marysville; Elva, who is the wife of Don Liming, of Seattle; and David H. For his second wife Mr. Anderson chose Miss Elizabeth Toogood, daughter of Parley Toogood, a pioneer of this county. Her death occurred in 1909, and on November 25, 1913, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Mrs. Emma Cook, daughter of William and Susan (Pedipice) Cassels, who were pioneers of Aberdeen, South Dakota. She was the widow of Walter Cook, who died in 1909, and became the mother of the following children : Susan A., who is the wife of Charles Gusteson, of Everett; Louise, who is the wife of Clare Chapman, of Lowell ; Reta, who is the wife of T. P. Rasmussen, of Pinehurst ; Ada, the wife of John Sugars, of Everett ; and Arthur, who lives in Everett. Politically Mr. Anderson gives his support to the democratic party and has taken an active interest in public affairs. He assisted in the organization of the first school district here and was a member of the first school board. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. For some years he served as president of the Granite Falls State Bank and is still a member of its board of directors. He has ever stood stanchly for all that has contributed to the advancement of the community's best interests, and no man in this section of the county enjoys to a more marked degree the respect and good will of the people generally. J. D. WILLIAMS One of the public-spirited citizens and successful business men of Everett is J. D. Williams, well known battery expert and dealer in automobile electric supplies, whose achievements illustrate what may be accomplished by force of character and steadfastness of purpose, his advancement to his present standing in business circles being due entirely to his own persistent and indomitable efforts along rightly defined lines. Mr. Williams was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan on the 15th of February, 1892, and is a son of John D. and Mary A. (Davis) Williams, the former of whom, a miller by vocation, died in 1898. He is survived by his widow, who came to Everett in 1909 and still resides here. Our subject traces his paternal ancestral line back to the colonial days of our country's history, one member of his family, William Williams, of Connecticut, having been a signer of the Declaration of Independence, while others served in the war of the Revolution. The younger J. D. Williams secured a good public school education, graduating from the Everett high school. He then was employed in the lumber business, and later entered the employ of the Everett Gas Company, with which he remained for four years, rising to the position of assistant superintendent. In 1916 Mr. Williams engaged in the battery business at Portland, Oregon, moving the following year to Seattle, Washington, where he was living at the time of his enlistment, in June, 1918, in the United States army. At the close of the war he received an honorable discharge, with the rank of second lieutenant, and then came to Everett and again engaged in the battery business. At first he had the agency for the Willard battery, but subsequently changed to the Exide, which he now handles. He handles twenty-six different lines of electrical equipment for automobiles, carrying one of the largest and most complete stocks in that line in this section of the state. He has a fine storeroom and shop at Rucker and Wall avenues, his building being fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in size, and he employs six people. Mr. Williams is considered an expert in the lines which he handles and his long list of satisfied customers is his best advertisement. He has devoted himself closely to his business and has had the satisfaction of seeing it grow steadily until today he is the leader in his line in this locality. In 1918 Mr. Williams was married to Miss Miriam E. Mullin, who was born and reared in Everett, and they are the parents of two children, namely : John Dennis, who bears the distinction of being the twenty-first "J. D." in the family ; and Nancy Parmalee. In his political views Mr. Williams is independent of party lines, voting according to his judgment as to men 274 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and measures. Fraternally he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the fourteenth degree of the Scottish Rite; and of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World. He also belongs to the Everett Rotary Club, to the Washington Automotive Trades Association, of which he was president in 1924-1925, and to Earl Falkner Post, American Legion. Unassuming and straightforward in manner, Mr. Williams makes a pleasing impression, and throughout the community he enjoys a high measure of confidence and good will. ANTOINE ROSSELLI Among the successful and progressive dairymen of the Monroe district of southwestern Snohomish county stands Antoine Rosselli, who, though a resident of this locality but a few years, has gained an excellent standing among the representative men of the community. Mr. Rosselli was born in Switzerland on the 28th of June, 1884, and is a son of D. and Celesta (Rosselli) Rosselli, who are cousins. The father, who was for twenty-seven years a glass worker in Paris, is now retired and he and his wife are still living in Switzerland—their native land. Antoine Rosselli attended the public schools of Switzerland and then engaged in farming there, following that occupation until 1902, when he came to the United States, locating in San Francisco, where he remained but a few days, and going from there to Seattle. There he established the Empire dairy, in which business he was successfully engaged until 1920, when he sold out and, coming to Monroe, bought the Kelly farm of one hundred and sixty acres. Since buying the place he has cleared about five acres and now has sixty acres under cultivation. He is devoting his chief interest to dairying and has forty-one cows, together with two registered sires, a Guernsey awl a Holstein. He raises some grain and other feed, and this year has put five acres into peas for the cannery. Idleness is entirely foreign to his nature, and through his energy and indomitable persistence he is accomplishing splendid results. In November, 1909, at Seattle. Mr. Rosselli was united in marriage to Miss Dela Biancki, who is a native of Italy and a (laughter of P. and Mary Biancki, both of whom died in that country. Mrs. Rosselli came alone to the United States in 1906. To Mr. and Mrs. Rosselli have been born four children, Charlie, Adelma, Ennis and Bruno, all of whom were born in Seattle. Mr. Rosselli is a member of the Seattle Milk Shippers Association and of Seattle Lodge No. 1, Fraternal Order of Eagles. Because of his friendly manner and his success, he enjoys the respect and esteem of all who know him. JOHN RENWICK McDONALD Among the progressive and prosperous poultrymen of Snohomish county is John Renwick McDonald, who has long enjoyed a high reputation because of his enterprising and up-to-date methods and his indomitable industry. He has a well improved ranch near Everett and throughout that community is held in high regard. He was born in 1890 in Haskell county, Kansas, and is a son of A. E. and Estelle McDonald. The father brought his family to Pacific county, Washington, in 1890, and took up a timber claim. In 1897 he came to Everett and worked for a while in the paper mill, also working in the logging camps of this section of the county. He is now connected with the Everett street railway. John R. McDonald received his education in the Jefferson school of Everett and then went to work in the paper mill. Later he worked for a time in a grocery store and subsequently moved to the fine farm in East Everett where he is now living. In 1921 he turned his attention seriously to the poultry business, in which he has met with more than ordinary success. He now has thirteen hundred laying hens and three thousand chickens, having his own incubator and raising chickens for sale. His stock - is of the White Leghorn variety and Hollywood. strain, and his hatchery has been accredited by the state association. He has made many substantial improvements on his place, having an attractive and comfortable home, and the poultry houses and other buildings are all well built and up-to-date in character. The Hillcrest poultry farm, as his ranch is called, has attained a splendid reputation for the high quality of its stock and product, and Mr. McDonald takes a justifiable pride in what he has accomplished in the comparatively short time in which he has been engaged in this special line of work. In 1912 Mr. McDonald was united in marriage to Miss Julia Mathews, daughter of L. W. and Ellen A. (Flynn) Mathews, the latter of whom died in 1922. Mr. Mathews is a native of ANTOINE ROSSELLI HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 277 Ohio, whence he came to California in 1875, and to Lowell, Washington, in 1882. In 1884 he took up a homestead at East Everett, where he still lives. His wife was a native of Ireland. To Mr. and Mrs. McDonald have been born two children, June and Larry. Politically Mr. McDonald is independent, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association, the Cooperative Egg and Poultry Association and the Accredited Hatchery Association. His career presents a notable example of those qualities of mind and character which overcome obstacles and win success, and he is well worthy of the respect which is accorded him. ROY W. JELLISON For seventeen years Roy W. Jellison has been connected with financial interests of Snohomish county, advancing steadily as he has demonstrated his ability and worth, and he is well qualified for the responsible office of cashier of the First National Bank of Monroe, one of the strong and reliable moneyed institutions of northwestern Washington. He was born in Maine, November 25, 1885, and is a son of Frank N. and Ida May Jellison, who have been residents of Monroe since 1922. Roy W. Jellison attended the public schools of his native state and in 1905 was graduated from the Rockland Commercial College. He became an expert accountant and was engaged in that work in Maine for several years. In 1909 he came to Seattle, Washington, to attend the exposition and was so favorably impressed with the country that he decided to become a permanent resident of the state. He was a bookkeeper in the First National Bank of Everett for two years and then became an accountant in the employ of the First National Bank of Monroe. He afterward returned to Everett and a year later became assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Monroe, with which he has since remained. It was established April 1, 1908, taking over the business of the Monroe State Bank, which was founded in 1904, and E. Milton Stephens was the first president ; A. J. Agnew was vice president and C. L. Lawry was made cashier. L. L. Crosby was one of the directors and later W. E. Waddell was elected a director, also assuming the duties of cashier, which he discharged until 1915. His place has since been filled by Roy W. Jellison, who has exerted every effort to promote the interests of the institution and is one of its most capable officials. A. A. Buck became vice president in 1908, and was succeeded by J. C. Falconer. August Holmquist is now filling that office, and the directors are E. M. Stephens, George Wagner, J. C. Falconer, W. C. Butler, J. A. Norway, August Holmquist and L. L. Crosby. The bank is capitalized at twenty-five thousand dollars and its statement of December 31, 1925, showed a surplus of five thousand dollars and deposits of more than five hundred thousand dollars. The spirit of conservatism has always guided its activities and a desire for rapid growth has never been permitted to overrule the feeling of caution that has served to protect the interests of the bank's stockholders and depositors. In 1907 Mr. Jellison was united in marriage to Miss Edith Harper, of Portland, Maine, and they have two children, Francis W. and Fred. Mr. Jellison is affiliated with the Congregational church and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is a Mason and one of the progressive members of the Commercial Club. He has taken cognizance of his opportunities, utilizing them to the best advantage, and business men respect him for his ability and integrity. He has a wide acquaintance and is popular in social circles of the community. WILLIAM R. BOOTH Coming to the Pacific coast during an early stage in the development of the vast empire of the northwest, William R. Booth has had an interesting and picturesque career. He has worked in the mining districts as well as in the logging camps and knows every phase of life on the frontier. He is a member of one of the largest real estate firms of Everett, and for seventeen years has been an influential figure in business circles of the city, which has directly benefited by his labors, while at the same time he has achieved the success that results from intelligently directed effort. He was born September 22, 1860, in the city of Honolulu, in which his parents, Joseph and Anna (McGuire) Booth, located in the '30s. His mother was a native of Scotland and the father was an Englishman. In his youth the latter was a sailor and in later life was a dealer in real estate, also following other lines of business. He 278 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY responded to death's summons in 1868 and was long survived by the mother, who passed away in 1908. William R. Booth was educated in public and private schools, and in February, 1876, he arrived in Portland, Oregon, proceeding thence to Seattle, Washington. He obtained work as a mule driver in the Renton coal mine and at the age of seventeen took a contract to build two hundred yards of main gangway in the Newcastle coal mine. He was connected with mining operations in Arizona for a few years and in 1883 returned to Washington. reaching Snohomish in February. He mined in the Cascades and at one time was superintendent of the Silver Queen Mining Company. While in the mountains of Washington he was associated with George Deering in the logging business, and in the fall of 1893 he became a clerk in the office of the county treasurer. In 1898 he joined the rush of gold seekers to Alaska and for thirteen months "roughed it" in the Klondike. In 1900 Mr. Booth was appointed deputy treasurer of Snohomish county and acted in that capacity for four years. He made a good record and in 1904 was elected county treasurer, filling the office for two terms, or for a period of four years. Since 1908 he has been a member of the firm of Hudson & Booth, which has placed upon the market several suburban acreage tracts and operates on an extensive scale. The members of the firm are very enterprising. They have done much important work along development lines, and they also write insurance. They have built their success upon the foundation of integrity. In June, 1885, Mr. Booth was united in marriage to Miss Zella B. Getchell, a daughter of Henry and Sarah Getchell, who came to Snohomish in 1874, during the formative period in its history. Mr. Booth casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and is connected with the lodge and council in masonry. He is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is an earnest member of the Commercial Club and utilizes every opportunity to expoit the resources and advantages of his city. Nothing escapes him regarding the real estate market and his foresight and business sagacity have enabled him to avoid unprofitable investments. Self-reliance, a hopeful disposition, intelligence and ambition were his youthful patrimony, and with these he has worked and won. As one of the pioneers of Snohomish county Mr. Booth has a wide acquaintance, and the respect accorded him is well deserved. GEORGE JORGENSEN One of the most enterprising and successful farmers in the vicinity of Everett is George Jorgensen, who is a native son of this state and who has gained a splendid reputation because of his progressive methods and his indomitable industry, through which prosperity has come to him. He was born in King county, Washington, on the 12th of September, 1876, and is a son of Claus and Maren (Hanson) Jorgensen, both of whom were natives of Denmark. They emigrated to this country, the father going to California in 1869 and the mother in 1874, and were married in that state. In 1876 they came from California to King county, Washington, and, before locating at Black River Junction, the father, with his brother Chris and 0. N. Lee, took a trip up the Skagit river by boat. He located at Seattle and eventually came from that city to where Everett was later established, by the steamer "Quincy," from which their goods were unloaded onto a scow. This was then brought up a slough and the goods were unloaded at what was called Priest's place, now the Alfred Christiansen ranch. In 1890 Claus Jorgensen bought the Creese homestead, near where Everett now stands. The tract comprised one hundred and six acres, which he cleared and on which he made good improvements and engaged in dairy farming. The son purchased the place in 1922. The father died in Seattle October 11, 1925, and the mother is now making her home there. George Jorgensen secured his education in the public schools of Renton, Washington, and those of Snohomish county. He resided at Renton until 1912, when he removed to his present farm. In 1922 he bought the home place and is now devoting himself closely to its operation. He has twenty-seven head of good grade milch cows and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. On July 24, 1901, Mr. Jorgensen was united in marriage to Miss Elsie Dunn, who is a native of Minnesota, and they are the parents of a son, Clarence, who was graduated from the Everett high school and is now in the First National Bank of Everett. Mrs. Jorgensen is the daughter of George and Sophia (Olson) Dunn, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Austin, Minnesota, of which state her family were pioneers. Her mother died in Minnesota in 1894, and in 1904 her father moved to Moscow, Idaho, where he is now living. Mr. Jorgensen is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and the Independent HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 279 Order of Odd Fellows, and belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is independent in his political views and action, voting for the men whom he considers best qualified for office, regardless of party lines. M r. and Mrs. Jorgensen are kindly and hospitably inclined toward all those who come in contact with them and are deservedly popular throughout the circle of their acquaintances. Mr. Jorgensen has consistently supported every local movement for the betterment of the public welfare and is regarded as one of the representative men of his locality. E. H. SATTELMEIER Success in life is dependent largely upon the choice of a congenial line of work, and that E. H. Sattelmeier has made a wise selection is indicated by his progress in the automobile business. He is one of the leaders in trade circles of Sultan and has spent much of his life in this locality, in which he is widely and favorably known. He was born May 8, 1895, in Clay county, Illinois, and is a son of Fred and Kate Sattelmeier. His parents came to northwestern WashingtQn in 1903, settling near Sultan, and his father has developed one of the valuable dairy farms of this district. E. H. Sattelmeier was but eight years old when the family made the journey to the Pacific coast, and he attended the public schools of Sultan, completing his studies in a Lutheran school at Snohomish. For one and a half years he filled a position in the Snohomish Iron Works and for a similar period was in the employ of an automobile firm of Everett. He afterward engaged in the same line of work in Sultan and became recognized as an expert mechanic, opening a garage in Sultan in 1913. During the World war he served in the United States navy and after his honorable discharge returned to Sultan, where he resumed his former business. He is asociated in the enterprise with his brother Paul, and in 1925 they erected a modern building of substantial construction. It is seventy by one hundred feet in dimensions and contains a complete repair shop, which turns out first-class work. The firm has the local agency for the Ford cars and carries a full line of parts. The partners are young men of energy and ability, thoroughly reliable and trustworthy, and as a result of their combined efforts the business has enjoyed a rapid growth. In 1920 E. H. Sattelmeier married Miss Ina Owen, a native of Sultan and a daughter of Benjamin Owen, one of the well known agriculturists of this district. To this union has been born one child, Geraldine. Mr. Sattelmeier owes allegiance to no party, voting according to the dictates of his judgment, and his religious views are in accord with the doctrines of the Lutheran church. He faithfully adheres to its teachings and is a young man of marked stability of character, esteemed and respected by all with whom he has been associated. LUTHER J. HALL One of the largest and most important productive industries of Snohomish is that controlled by the Columbia Packing Company, whose meat products are known throughout Washington, and of this business Luther J. Hall is one of the owners and officers. He was born in Otoe county, Nebraska, in 1874, and his parents, Luther A. and Mary Ann Hall, have passed away. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of that district. For several years he remained on the homestead, becoming thoroughly familiar with the various branches of agriculture, and then embarked in the livestock business, being successful in the venture. In 1923 he came to Snohomish and purchased an interest in the business of the Columbia Packing Company, of which he is now the president. The other officers are: R. B. Musser, vice president ; and H. A. Broxon, secretary. They are packers of pork and beef and employ twenty-five men. The plant has a capacity of one hundred cattle per week and three hundred hogs. It is under state inspection and is thoroughly modern, containing every appliance to facilitate the work. The Columbia products are of superior quality and no other town of similar size in Washington can boast of a meat industry of this extent. The output is sold throughout the northwestern part of the state and the trade extends south to North Bend and east over the mountains. The firm has established an enviable reputation for enterprise and reliability and the men who control the business are governed by high standards of commercial ethics. In 1899 Mr. Hall married Miss Alice Davis, a daughter of B. P. Davis, a pioneer farmer of Nebraska. They have become the parents of three children : Elma, the wife of Durwood 280 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Lyon, of Snohomish ; Luther B., who is associated with his father in business ; and Dorothy C., at home. Mr. Hall is allied with the republican party but has never aspired to public office, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. He is deeply engrossed in business and his associates respect him for his ability and integrity, while a wide circle of sincere friends attests his social popularity. H. P. HOWARD, M.D., F. A. C. S. Dr. H. P. Howard has practiced in Everett for nearly thirty years and his pronounced ability has placed him with the foremost surgeons of northwestern Washington. A native of Canada, he was born in 1866 on Prince Edward Island, on which his parents, John and Elizabeth (Balderson) Howard, were also born. He spent his boyhood on his father's farm and prepared for his chosen calling in the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1892 with the M. D. degree. Dr. Howard came to Everett in the same year but did not remain, having decided to locate in Oregon, and he practiced in that state for five years. He became a permanent resident of Everett in 1897, and the sureness and precision of his work in surgical cases, combined with his broad scientific knowledge, have brought him to a position of leadership in his profession. He has ministered to many of the old families of the city and draws his patients from a wide area. In 1892 Dr. Howard married Miss Grace Ross, who was also a native of Canada and who pased away in 1910, leaving a daughter, Doris, who resides at home. The Doctor's second union was with Miss Ada Purser, who was born in the state of Washington, and they have a son, Henry Pope, Jr., aged five years. Dr. Howard is a member of the Everett Golf and Country Club and is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner. He is a republican in his political convictions but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. He has been honored with a fellowship in the American College of Surgeons and is an ex-president of the Snohomish County Medical Society. He is also a member of the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is deeply interested in the scientific and humanitarian phases of his profession and has chosen for his life work a field of broad usefulness. ARTHUR NEWMAN CLARK Arthur Newman Clark, who for a number of years has been actively engaged in the real estate business in Everett, is one of the enterprising spirits who have contributed to the progress and upbuilding of the locality, his great energy, keen discrimination and perseverance having resulted in his own material success and in the advancement of the city. Mr. Clark was born on the 10th of May, 1870, in Orange county, New York, and is a son of Charles Edgar and Isabel (Latimer) Clark. The father, who followed the business of a tinsmith for many years, is now deceased and is survived by his widow, who still lives in New York, at the age of eighty-six years. Arthur N. Clark attended the public schools of his home county and then learned the art of telegraphy, entering the employ of the Erie Railroad, where he worked as telegraph operator and station agent for fifteen years. In 1905 Mr. Clark came to Everett, Washington, and accepted a position with the Everett Gas Company, with which he remained until 1913. He then went to Walla Walla and was with the Pacific Power and Light Company until 1918, when he returned to Everett and engaged in the real estate and insurance business, to which he is still giving his attention. He has been indefatigable in his business methods and has built up a large and lucrative patronage throughout this section of the county, having handled a large amount of real estate and other property and representing some of the strongest insurance companies in the world. In 1894 Mr. Clark was married to Miss Margaret Shippey, who was born at Cheshire, near New Haven, Connecticut, and to them have been born four children, namely : Marie Belle; George Edgar, who is deputy prosecuting attorney at Yakima, Washington; Newman Hall, who is an attorney in Seattle ; and Arthur Everett, who is in business with the Shell Company, Everett. Mr. Clark is an independent republican in his political views, holding well defined opinions on public affairs and voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Improved Order of Red Men. He also belongs to the Everett Kiwanis Club, the Chamber of Com- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 281 merce, the Everett Real Estate Board and the National Real Estate Board. His integrity and fidelity are manifested in every relation of life, his candid and open-hearted manner gaining for him the respect and confidence of all with whom he has been associated in either a business or a social way. PERCY T. AMBLER After being located in various parts of this country, Percy T. Ambler at last decided that Snohomish county offered him the attractions desired for permanent residence, and during the years that he has resided here he has not regretted his choice. At the same time, his fellowmen have regarded him as a valuable acquisition to the community, and he enjoys their confidence to a marked degree. A native of England,. his birth occurred on the 19th of April, 1866, and he is a son of S. T. and Elizabeth (Hook) Ambler, both of whom are now deceased. The father was a manufacturing chemist and was a man of prominence in his special field of work. Percy T. Ambler attended the public schools of his native land and thereafter followed several lines of activity, working in mills, as a miner and as a steam engineer. In 1885 he came to Zanesville, Ohio, where he remained for a time, going from there to Cincinnati. In 1893 he located in Chicago, where he remained about a year, and then went to Alaska, where he was engaged in mining for four years. He then came back to the States for a short time, but returned to Alaska for another four year period, leaving in 1901. During the following seven or eight years he was at Seattle, Tacoma and Hoquiam, working in the woods. In 1909 he bought a ranch at Sunnyside, near Everett, on which he located, and lived there until after his marriage, when he moved to his wife's ranch near Marysville, where he is now residing. He is engaged in poultry farming, keeping about a thousand laying hens. In 1922 Mr. Ambler was united in marriage to Mrs. Josephine Dixon, daughter of A. W. and Louise Kate A. Twombley. By her former marriage she had five children, one of whom is deceased. Her ranch comprises six and a half acres, is well improved and is a very attractive and comfortable farm home. Mr. Ambler is an independent republican in his political views and is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He belongs to the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association, and takes a deep interest in every movement for the advancement of the farmers and of agriculture. Possessing a fine personality and friendly manner, he has won a high place in the regard of all who know him. THOMAS E. DOBBS Thomas E. Dobbs, editor and publisher of the Snohomish County Tribune, is successfully conducting a business which has been in continuous operation for fifty years, and his rapid progress in the field of journalism indicates that he has chosen the vocation for which nature intended him. A son of T. M. and Clara (Austin) Dobbs, he was born December 8, 1895, and is a native of Bryant, Wisconsin. His mother was also a native of that state, and the father's birth occurred in Pennsylvania. He was one of the prominent lumbermen of Langlade county, Wisconsin, and was engaged in that business until his death in 1900. He is survived by the mother, who is now a resident of New York. Thomas E. Dobbs attended the public schools of Wisconsin and completed his education in the University of Washington, graduating with the class of 1917. In the same year he responded to the call of the colors, enlisting in Company C of the Fourth United States Infantry, and was commissioned a second lieutenant. He went to France with the American Expeditionary Forces and participated in the memorable battle of the Argonne forest. He afterward went to Germany with the Army of Occupation and spent fourteen months abroad. After his return to the United States he worked for two newspapers, gaining a thorough understanding of the business, and for four years he has been editor and owner of the Snohomish County Tribune. The business was established in 1876 by Eldridge Morse, who conducted a four page, five column weekly known as the Northern Star, "Representing the interests of Western Washington." In 1889 it was acquired by A. W. Frater and J. W. Gunn, who founded the Snohomish Weekly Sun, also a five column, four page paper. In 1890 the business was taken over by J. W. Frame, who published a six column, four page paper called the Snohomish Daily Sun. In 1892 the Snohomish Tribune was started by Gorham & Clemens, who 282 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY issued a tri-weekly paper of four pages and five columns. This was succeeded in 1901 by the Snohomish County Tribune, published as a six column, eight page weekly by C. W. Gorham until 1908, when the paper became the property of A. M. Dale and J. D. K. Brown, who converted it into a six column, four page daily. In 1909 the name was changed to the Snohomish Daily Tribune and in 1910 F. A. Leonard became business manager, while J. D. Brown acted as editor. On February 21, 1910, the paper became a six column, eight page weekly and the style of the Snohomish County Tribune was again adopted. In June, 1911, Bruce Watson assumed the duties of editor, and F. A. Leonard continued as the directing head until March 4, 1913, when E. M. Stephens and W. P. Wise became publishers of the paper, of which the last named was also editor. In 1912 the paper was converted into a six column, four page publication, issued hi-weekly by the firm of Stephens & Wilcox, and about 1917 H. F. Wilcox took charge of the editorial department. In 1918 it again became a weekly and has so continued. In 1920 the paper was sold to T. J. Cullen, who controlled the business until 1922, and Thomas E. Dobbs has since been editor and publisher. He has made the Tribune an effective exponent of the interests of Snohomish county and has gained for it a large and rapidly increasing circulation. He has a fine plant, equipped with the latest linotype machine and cylinder press, as well as an automatic press for job printing. The paper is published as a ten to sixteen page, seven column weekly and is all home print. Its news is authentic and the business is conducted along the lines of modern and progressive newspaper education. The paper is the oldest in Snohomish county and with the exception of the Post-Intelligencer of Seattle is probably the oldest journal in the state. On August 17, 1922, Mr. Dobbs married Miss Vida Runghilde Anderson, a native of Minnesota and a daughter of James and Alma (Dalquest) Anderson, who established their home in Everett, Washington, in 1901. John Dalquest, the father of Mrs. Anderson was a native of Sweden and came to the United States when a youth of nineteen. He established an enviable reputation as a contractor and was one of the foremost business men of Minneapolis, Minnesota. He aided in building the Great Northern Railroad and was a close friend of James J. Hill, by whom he was sent to the mountains to correct a slide condition. He also had charge of Mr. Hill's Minnesota farm for a time. Mr. Dobbs belongs to the Psi Upsilon fraternity and is a Royal Arch Mason, while he is also connected with the Knights of Pythias. He is an able writer and the Tribune voices his sentiments in matters of political and general import, being a strong advocate of the principles of the republican party. Mr. Dobbs is a journalist of high ideals, with the courage to uphold them, and has always supported moral interests, fair dealing and the cause of good government worthily sustaining the dignity and honor of his profession. ARTHUR H. MOLL Coming to Snohomish in pioneer times, Arthur H. Moll has long been a recognized leader in mercantile circles of Arlington and he has also aided in framing the laws of the state. A son of Alexander H. and Fannie (Vidal) Moll, he was born November 22, 1873, and is a native of Tunnel City, Wisconsin. His father is deceased and the mother is now living in Michigan. Mr. Moll was educated in the public schools of Wisconsin and at the age of fifteen became a wage earner, entering the employ of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. He was with that corporation for nine years and in 1808 came to Snohomish county, Washington. He entered a homestead near Everett and proved up on his claim, which he afterward sold. He was connected with the Agnew Hardware Company for about six years and then located in Arlington, purchasing the business of Allen Brothers. He has since conducted the store and handles hardware, radio sets, building material, farm implements, paints and furniture. He is also a funeral director and has prospered in his undertakings. Each step in the development of his business has been carefully planned and his work is systematically performed. He is a progressive merchant and never resorts to questionable methods in his dealings with the public, guiding his business by the Golden Rule. In 1895 Mr. Moll was united in marriage to Miss Mira E. Bartels, of Wisconsin, and they became the parents of six children : Frances, the wife of Henry Murray, who is associated in business with Mr. Moll ; Frederick, deceased ; Celeste, now Mrs. Harold Murphy, of Arlington Carl, who assists his father in the conduct of the store ; and George and Mira, who are attending the public schools. Mr. Moll is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of Pythias and the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 283 Yeomen. He is an influential member of the Arlington Commercial Club, and his political views are in accord with the tenets of the republican party. He served in the state legislature from 1913 until 1915 and since 1913 has been a member of the Snohomish County Game Commission. He is liberal, broad-minded and progressive and has demonstrated his public spirit by actual achievements. Mr. Moll was the first patrolman in the forest reserve of Snohomish county, filling the position in 1898, while improving his homestead, and has experienced many phases of frontier life. From an early age he has depended upon his own resources for a livelihood, and in his business career has demonstrated what may be accomplished when effort and ambition combine. JOHN M. PUGH, D. 0. With but one exception Dr. John M. Pugh is the oldest osteopathic physician of Everett, and he owes his success to unusually thorough training for the profession as well as a deep interest in and an aptitude for the work. He was born in 1868 and is a native of Callaway county, Missouri. His parents were Stephen and Rachel (Sheets) Pugh, the former a prosperous farmer and stock dealer. Dr. Pugh's public school course was supplemented by attendance at Westminster College of Missouri and the Kirksville Normal School. He was a successful educator and was engaged in teaching for several years. In 1901 he was graduated from the American School of Osteopathy and after practicing for a few months in Texas came to Washington, locating in Everett, where he has maintained an office for nearly a quarter of a century. He is an able exponent of the drugless method of healing and broadened his scientific knowledge by a postgraduate course in 1904. He was graduated from the Electronic Reactions of Abrams School in 1924 and throughout life has been a student, ever striving to broaden his field of usefulness. He has ministered to many of the old and prominent families of the city and conducts an extensive practice. In 1902 Dr. Pugh married Miss Minnie V. Megrew, who was born in Adair county, Missouri. She supplemented her high school training by attendance at a normal school and completed a course in the American School of Osteopathy. She subsequently was married, in Everett, to Dr. Pugh, with whom she had become associated in practice in 1901. Their son, Stephen, received a diploma from the American School of Osteopathy in 1926 and is now practicing with his father. They also have a daughter, Louise, who is attending high school. Along fraternal lines Dr. Pugh is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, being deeply interested in its efforts to further the material development and promote the interests of the city, and he belongs to the Everett Golf and Country Club. He is a member of the Washington, Tri-State and American Osteopathic Associations and stands high in his profession, while his courteous manner and genuine worth have drawn to him a large circle of sincere friends. CLAUD A. FAULDS Following in the business footsteps of his father, Claude A. Faulds has achieved success in the field of merchandising and occupies an influential position in commercial circles of Monroe. He was born at Melrose, Wisconsin, in 1878 and is a son of William A. and Rhoda (De Ette) Faulds, who cast in their lot with the early settlers of northwestern Washington. The father followed the carpenter's trade as a young man but later turned his attention to mercantile affairs and was the proprietor of the first general store at Tolt, Washington, of which he was also postmaster. He afterward moved to Redmond, where he engaged in business until 1897, and has since lived retired in Monroe. Claud A. Faulds received a public school education and also took a course in the Acme Business College at Seattle. When a young man of twenty-two years he opened a grocery store in that city and conducted the business for two years. For some time he aided his father in the management of the store at Redmond and afterward was clerk in a store at Wapato, Washington. He next engaged in ranching in the vicinity of Sultan and for three years his attention was devoted to agricultural pursuits. In 1919 he came to Monroe and has since been manager of the business of the Grange Warehouse Company, handling groceries, feed and hay. He is devoted to the interests intrusted to his charge and has infused new life into the business, demonstrating that he is the right man for the position. 284 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1898 Mr. Faulds married Miss Kate Ronberg, of Seattle, and they have become the parents of a son, William R., who married Miss Edna Mitchell and is associated with his father in business. Mrs. Faulds was born in Seattle, where her parents, John and Martha (Rock) Ronberg, settled in 1877 during the pioneer epoch in its history. Mr. Faulds belongs to the Grange, and his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He is a member of the town council of Monroe and while a resident of Wapato served on the school board. He conscientiously discharges the duties and obligations of citizenship and measures up to high standards in every relation of life. MELVIN BENNINGTON Melvin Bennington, who conducts the Elgin cafeteria in Everett, one of the most popular eating places in this city, has by a life of consistent and well applied energy attained success, and because of his unswerving honesty in all his dealings with his fellowmen has gained a host of warm personal friends throughout the community. A native of Ontario, Canada, he was born in 1883, and is a son of Thomas and Clara (Phillips) Bennington. In 1893 the family moved to Ohio, where the father engaged in gardening, and is still residing there. The mother is deceased. Melvin Bennington was reared under the paternal roof and secured his education in the public schools. He then engaged in the metal business, which he followed in Ohio until 1907, when he came to Seattle, Washington, and engaged in the same line. Later he turned his attention to the restaurant business, which commanded his attention for some time, and he then came to Everett and established the Elgin cafeteria. He has a large and finely equipped room, with a seating capacity of one hundred and fifty, and he gives his close personal attention to every detail of the business, serving only the best of foods and giving prompt and satisfactory service. His efforts have been appreciated and he has met with splendid success in this enterprise. In 1915 Mr. Bennington was married to Miss Bernice Rankin, of Minnesota, and they are the parents of two children, Ruth and Melvin. Fraternally Mr. Bennington belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is also a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. He is an independent republican in his political views. Personally he is kindly and genial in manner, and he enjoys a wide acquaintance. LON C. BROWN Although a native of the east, Lon C. Brown has spent practically his entire life in Washington, representing one of its old and honored families, and for more than forty years he has been a resident of Snohomish. He has devoted his energies to the theater business, in which he is a pioneer, and his activities in this connection have covered a wide scope, bringing him statewide prominence. He was born in Cameron county, Pennsylvania, in February, 1877, and his parents, William and Mary (Duell) Brown, were among the early settlers of western Washington. The father located in Seattle in 1878 and brought his family to the city in 1879. He was employed in the camps of the Yesler Lumber Company and in recompense for his services was offered a timber claim of one hundred and sixty acres in what is now the heart of Seattle, but did not accept the tract. He worked for several years in the lumber woods, residing in many towns throughout the Sound country, and early in the '80s came to Snohomish, where he spent the remainder of his life. He is survived by the mother, who still lives in Snohomish. Lon C. Brown was but two years old when the family migrated to the Pacific coast, and he was educated in Snohomish, graduating in 1895 with the first class of the local high school. He worked for a time in the mines and afterward performed odd jobs around the theaters. He was strongly attracted toward the profession and conducted one of the old-time medicine shows. As the years passed he prospered in his undertakings and in 1911 built a motion picture house at Duvall, Washington. He still retains the theater, which seats two hundred and fifty persons. In 1918 he leased a theater of similar size at Carnation and in the same year secured a theater at Granite Falls, Washington, which was also provided with seats for two hundred and fifty people. In 1920 he leased the Redmond Theater with a seating capacity of two hundred and fifty and afterward erected the Lon Brown Theater in Snohomish. This was the first up-to-date theater built in the town and has been in operation since October 9, 1924. The building is of fireproof construction and represents an expenditure of over thirty-five HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 285 thousand dollars. It is situated at 1007 First street, and it is used for the spoken drama as well as motion pictures. Mr. Brown has installed a large stage and his theater contains the most modern appliances. It is tastefully decorated and will seat five hundred persons. The house is an ornament to the community and a popular place of amusement, catering to the better class of patrons. Mr. Brown maintains a high standard of service and brings to the town the best productions of the silver screen as well as first-class attractions of the legitimate stage. He has constantly expanded the scope of his activities and now operates five theaters, conducting a business of extensive proportions. He thoroughly enjoys his work and combines a capacity for detail with keen sagacity and administrative power. In 1904 Mr. Brown was united in marriage to Miss Petra Lund, of Granite Falls, Washington. He is connected with the Masons and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He started out in life empty-handed, advancing steadily through the medium of his own efforts, and is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished. He has always dealt honorably with his fellowmen and no resident of Snohomish occupies a higher place in the esteem of its citizens. LEE EDWIN DOUGLAS Lee Edwin Douglas is one of the progressive realtors and general insurance men of Everett. He was born on a farm near Minden, Nebraska, May 29, 1886, of the union of Harry I. and Ida (Jones) Douglas, sturdy pioneer types who bequeathed to him their vision and courage. After his mother's death, in 1891, his father remarried and in 1904 came west, locating at Pullman, Washington, where he has since resided. Lee E. Douglas supplemented his public school education by a course in the Elliott Business College at Burlington, Iowa, and in 1906, when a young man of twenty years, came to Everett, Washington. For thirteen years he was connected with the lumber industry and with logging operations in this part of the state and was office manager for well known firms of that character. He then became a traveling auditor, after which he entered the insurance and real estate field. For thirteen months he was associated with D. A. Duryee, and since September, 1920, he has been a member of the firm of McLean & Douglas, representatives of the leading insurance companies of America and dealers in real estate, with an office at 2925 Colby avenue. The partners are experienced business men of well known reliability, and many important transfers of property have been effected through their agency. In 1907 Mr. Douglas was united in marriage to Edna Frances Cabeen, of Seaton, Illinois, and they have two children, Robert L. and Helen Frances. Mr. Douglas is a thirty-second degree Mason and belongs to the Lions Club, of which he is a past president. He is deeply interested in the work of the Young Men's Christian Association and for sixteen years has been a member of its board of directors in Everett. He served as its president from 1919 to 1921 inclusive and was largely instrumental in securing for the association the modern, substantial building which now ornaments the city. He is now a member of the National Y. M. C. A. Council. Mr. Douglas is liberal in his political views and regards the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of prime importance. He is always among the foremost and zealous in movements for Everett's growth and betterment and possesses keen judgment, breadth of vision and the courage of his convictions. HARRY A. WALTERS Harry A. Walters, one of the pioneer settlers of Snohomish county, was long identified with the logging industry. Through force of character and indomitable purpose, joined to natural ability, he has earned the right to the distinctive title of "self-made man" and is now living practically retired at Beverly Park. A son of E. A. and Rachel (McDowell) Walters, he was born February, 22, 1869, and is a native of Pennsylvania. The father was also born in the Keystone state and the mother was a native of Ireland. Her mother died in that country and Mr. McDowell emigrated to the United States when his daughter Rachel was a child of five years. When Harry A. Walters was six months old his father started for the west and located in southeastern Kansas, taking up a homestead in Montgomery county. There were many Indians in that region, in which he was one of the earliest settlers, and there he spent the remainder of his life. Harry A. Walters attended the public schools of the Sunflower state and aided his father 286 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in the cultivation of the soil. He remained at home until he was nineteen years of age and then started out for himself, going to Oklahoma with the intention of taking up a quarter section. There was a rush of homesteaders to the territory but owing to the long delay in filing he abandoned the project and returned to Kansas. He afterward migrated to Colorado, living for about two years in Denver, and in 1889 located in Seattle, Washington. He arrived at the time of the fire and witnessed a scene of ruin and desolation. His brother, William Walters, had established his home in the city in 1887 and opened a real estate office. He conducted the business for many years, operating on a large scale, and in 1921 death terminated his labors. Harry A. Walters assisted his brother in the business, doing much surveying on Whidby island, and later moved to Mount Vernon. He purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land and cut the timber into bolts, which he sent to the mills. He had a partner in the undertaking and was thus engaged for about a year. He then returned to Whidby island and a year later came to Snohomish county, reaching Everett when the town was first laid out. He came up the river in a rowboat and camped out the night of his arrival, having a narrow escape from drowning when the tide rose. At the end of a few days he left Everett and encountered a bad storm that barred his progress for four days, during which he subsisted on clams. He afterward engaged in logging on Whidbey island, getting out cribbing for the Great Northern Railroad, and was connected with that industry until about 1918. He had become a resident of Lowell in 1895 and moved from that place to Beverly Park. In the early days he encountered many difficulties but with courage and perseverance these were overcome and he is now reaping the reward of his labors, spending his later years in ease and comfort. In 1889 Mr. Walters was married in Seattle to Miss Hilda Lendberg, who was born in Sweden and came to the United States with friends, locating in Seattle in 1889. Her parents were Oscar and Fanny Lendberg, the former of whom acted as a pilot for many years. To Mr. and Mrs. Walters were born nine children : Dency, who is married and has two children; Oscar, who is married and has one child ; Ralph, who died at the age of eleven years ; Mrs. Mabel McLemara, of Everett ; Harry, who is married and lives in Belleville ; Archie, who is employed in Everett but resides at home ; Evelyn, who is attending school ; and two others who are deceased. Mr. Walters was connected with the Knights of Pythias for many years but has no fraternal affiliations at the present time. Experience has made him familiar with many phases of frontier life in the Pacific northwest and his reminiscences of the early days are most interesting and instructive. He has found life well worth the living, making the most of it day by day, and the respect accorded him is well deserved. GEORGE MEAD BUCK One of the best remembered men of the western part of Snohomish county, whose memory is revered by a host of friends and acquaintances, was the late George Mead Buck, whose death occurred March 23, 1923. He was a man of great energy and good business judgment who spent his energies throughout a life of strenuous endeavor to make the most of his opportunities, and in all the relations of life he proved signally true to every trust. He possessed a social nature and by his kindly and genial attitude toward those about him won respect and confidence. He was known as a careful and able business man and one whose integrity of purpose was beyond question. Mr. Buck was born in Defiance, Ohio, in 1863, and was a son of John Buck, who was a native of Pennsylvania. He was reared on his father's farm in Ohio, securing his educational training in the public schools, and in 1883, at the age of twenty years went to Minnesota. There he was engaged in surveying for a number of years, doing a good deal of important work in that line in that locality. In 1890 Mr. Buck came to Everett, Washington, and during the ensuing eight years did a great deal of surveying in this city and throughout the surrounding country. He was accurate and trustworthy in this work, and more recent surveys in this locality have verified the work which he did in earlier days. In 1898 Mr. Buck went to Dawson, Alaska, and engaged in the confectionery and cigar business, in which he met with a very satisfactory measure of success, continuing in that line until about 1910, when he retired from active business affairs and returned to Everett, where he spent the remaining years of his life. On September 27, 1902, Mr. Buck was married to Miss Millie Anderson, who was born in Wisconsin, a daughter of Knud and Ethelda (Birch) Anderson, both of whom were natives of Norway. They were brought to the United States as children by their respective parents, who settled in Wisconsin, where they were reared, educated and married. Eventually Mr. Anderson engaged in farming on his own account in Wisconsin, remaining there until his GEORGE M. BUCK HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 289 death. Mrs. Buck remained at home with her parents until 1900, when she came to Everett. Two years later she went to Dawson, Alaska, where she became the wife of Mr. Buck. To their union were born three children. Frank, who was graduated from the Everett high school and then took a course in a business college here, is now bookkeeper for the K. & K. Timber Company at Everett. Edna, who is a graduate of the Everett high school, is now a student in the State Agricultural College at Pullman. Florence is a student in Wilson's Business College in Seattle. Mr. Buck was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he had attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite; and the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, also belonging to the Woodmen of the World. Mrs. Buck is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and the Daughters of the Nile. Politically Mr. Buck gave his allegiance to the republican party and took a good citizen's interest in public affairs, supporting all measures or policies for the public good. He possessed to a marked degree those traits that commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen, standing for all that is best in community life, and his relations with his fellows were such that he gained an enviable place in their confidence and esteem, being regarded as a man of sterling worth and character. WILLIAM J. TICHBOURN Many sons of Canada have settled in Snohomish county and have become closely identified with her activities and industries, gaining a high place in public confidence and esteem. William J. Tichbourn was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1859, and is a son of John and Rebecca (Elliott) Tichbourn. The family moved to Aberdeen. South Dakota, about 1881, remaining there a few years, and then moved to Spokane, Washington, where both parents died. Our subject received a good, practical education in the public schools of Canada, and in young manhood he went to Pembina, North Dakota, where he took up a tract of government land. He gave his attention to its cultivation until 1887, when he sold his interests there and came to Tacoma, Washington, where he went to work at the carpenter's trade. In 1889 he moved to Seattle, where he was successfully engaged in contracting for many years, and he still owns valuable property in that city. In 1908 he bought five acres of land in East Everett, on which he built a splendid home, and here he is living, amid pleasant and comfortable surroundings. He gives his main attention now to the raising of strawberries, of which he has a fine patch. In 1887 Mr. Tichbourn was united in marriage to Miss Barbara McNamara, who is a native of Ontario, Canada, and to them were born two children, both of whom died in infancy. Mr. Tichbourn is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and his wife is a member of the Yeomen. Politically Mr. Tichbourn gives his support to the republican party and is commendably interested in the welfare and progress of his adopted community. A man of broad views and well defined opinions, he is held in high regard by all who have had the privilege of his acquaintance. WILLIAM HADWIN William Hadwin has lived and labored in many parts of the United States, and it is a compliment to Snohomish county that he finally decided that this locality offered for him the greatest attractions for a permanent home. He has succeeded in his material affairs since locating here and has proved himself a splendid citizen, supporting all things that have made for the good of the community. Mr. Hadwin was born in 1858 in Shelby county, Illinois, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Atkinson) Hadwin, both of whom were natives of England. They came to the United States on a sailing vessel, which required six weeks and three days to make the voyage, and they then made a slow trip up the Hudson river on a canal boat. Eventually they located at Dayton, Ohio, which was their home for about five years, at the end of which time they moved to Shelby county, Illinois, where they spent their remaining years, engaged in farming, and there both of them died. .William Hadwin attended the public schools of Shelby county and remained on the home farm until he had attained his majority. He then left home and made a horseback trip to Iowa. After remaining there for a time, he went to Minnesota, where he entered the employ of a cattleman and drove cattle over the Dakotas and to Nebraska. Later he drove cattle from Nebraska to Iowa, and he then went to Lincoln, Nebraska, where he was engaged in the meat business for about two years. In 1888 he went to Helena, Montana. After remaining there a while, Mr. Hadwin returned to Illinois, but later went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, 290 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY where he remained eleven years. In 1900 he came to Snohomish county and bought ten acres of land in the Sunnyside district, and here he has remained, having cleared the land and developed a good farm, where he is engaged in the raising of fruit and garden produce. He has made splendid improvements on the place, including a nice house, and is very comfortably situated. In 1888 Mr. Hadwin was married to Miss Della Cole, who is a native of Pennsylvania, a daughter of Donald and Emily (Mathison) Cole, both of whom are now deceased. Mr. Cole was a veteran of the Civil war, during which he saw active service in the Union army. To Mr. and Mrs. Hadwin has been born a daughter, Mira, who is the wife of Carl Tegleberg, of Everett, by whom she has three children, Carlo, Mira and Carroll. She is a graduate of Whitworth College and possesses marked musical and artistic talent. Mr. Hadwin has voted the republican ticket consistently ever since attaining his majority and has always been deeply interested in the trend of public affairs. He has supported with his voice and influence every measure for the betterment of his community and is regarded as one of the representative men of the locality. ELMER J. BURKE Elmer J. Burke, the capable young proprietor of a general merchandise establishment at Lowell, is accorded an extensive and profitable patronage in recognition of his straightforward and reliable business methods and his earnest efforts to please his customers. He was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, on the 4th of December, 1888, his parents being Jerry and Amelia (Erdman) Burke, who came to Snohomish county, Washington, in 1894. The father filled the position of roadmaster for the Great Northern Railroad Company for many years and had charge of railroad construction work from Spokane to Seattle. He was an intimate friend of the late James J. Hill. Jerry Burke is now living retired at Lowell, Washington, enjoying the fruits of his former toil in well earned ease. Elmer J. Burke acquired a public school education at Snohomish and after putting aside his textbooks worked in the lumber woods and in sawmills. Subsequently he spent a period of six years in the mill of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company at Lowell. It was in 1924 that he turned his attention to mercantile interests, first buying the Crooker grocery store, while in October, 1925, he purchased the general merchandise establishment of Robert H. Ross at Lowell. The dimensions of the store are seventy-five by one hundred and twenty feet. Mr. Burke carries a large and well selected line of general merchandise and furnishes employment to three people in the conduct of his business, which is growing steadily under his capable direction. He built a garage at Lowell in 1925 but has sold the structure. In 1916 Mr. Burke was united in marriage to Selma Hardesty of Rosalia, Washington, and they are now the parents of three children : Marion, Emily and Betty. In politics Mr. Burke has ever maintained an independent course, supporting men and measures rather than party. His high standing in business circles of his community is indicated in the fact that he has been chosen the first president of the Lowell Business Men's Club, which was organized in 1926. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to both the subordinate lodge and encampment of the last named. A resident of Snohomish county from early boyhood, he has become favorably known here and is widely recognized as one of the prosperous merchants, representative business men and highly esteemed young citizens of the community. H. E. PETERS One of the prominent and successful business men of the vicinity of Machias is H. E. Peters, who operates a large sawmill there. A native of Rice county, Kansas, he was born on the 26th of October, 1878, and is a son of A. H. and Katherine (Rittersbacher) Peters, the former of whom is deceased, while the latter is now living in California. Our subject attended the public schools and then took a course in a business college. He engaged in the building and contracting business in Kansas, which he successfully carried on there until 1918, when he came to Snohomish county and bought out the Woods Creek Lumber Company, five miles east of Machias, and at the same time secured enough good timber land to supply the mill for several years. He employs about twenty men and cuts long dimension timber and car material, besides a good deal of lumber. The mill is up-to-date and has a capacity of twenty-five thousand HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 291 feet each eight-hour shift. Mr. Peters is devoting himself closely to his business and is meeting with a very gratifying measure of success. In 1903 Mr. Peters was united in marriage to Miss Lilly Wardrum, who is a native of Kansas. Fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite; the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has received the encampment degrees, and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is a democrat in his political views and is deeply interested in educational affairs, being a member of the school board. A man of great energy and business capacity, he has gained a position of influence in his community and is held in high esteem. ADAM R. BLACK Adam R. Black, who has passed the seventieth milepost on life's roadway, lived and labored in various parts of the country, ever seeking to improve his condition, and eventually decided that Snohomish county offered the most attractions as the ideal place in which to spend the remaining years of his life. Nor has he been disappointed, for he is now comfortably established in an attractive home, and receives a nice income from his ranch, while about him are friends and associates who contribute to his contentment. He was born in 1856 in Worth county, Missouri, and is a son of Robert and Catherine (Smith) Black. His father, who was born and reared in Grundy county, Missouri, was a son of Adam Black, a native of Virginia, who became a pioneer settler in Missouri. Our subject's mother was born and reared in Indiana. The parents followed farming pursuits in Missouri and both died there. Adam R. Black was reared on his father's farm and secured his education in the public schools. He then went to Republic county, Kansas, where he engaged in farming on his own account, and also conducted a general store there until 1906. He then went to Kingsville, Texas, where he engaged in ranching, and also engaged in the mercantile business. In 1908 he came to Snohomish county, locating in Everett, where he lived two years, and then bought ten acres of land in the Sunnyside addition, east of the city. He planted the land to berries, which have thriven and produced splendid crops, and the house and other improvements on the place are all in first-class condition, so that he is very comfortably situated. In 1877 Mr. Black was united in marriage to Miss Ida Weber, who was born in Win-neshiek, Iowa, a daughter of William and Agnes Weber. To this union have been born the following children : Emmert W., who is engaged in ranching near the home place ; William H., who has a farm near his father's place and also operates a store at Marysville, and who is married and has three children; Cora, who is the wife of George Gerian, of Lowell, Washington, and the mother of three children ; Albert L., who has a farm in this locality, and is married and has three children ; Perry M., who also is farming here and is married and has one child; Gladys, who is the wife of Roy Colp, of Oxnard, Ventura county, California ; Charles, who was in the artillery service of the United States in the World war and was killed in action in France ; Rollie, who has a ranch near Marysville ; Gertrude, who is the wife of Al Benson, of Laurel, Washington, and has one child; and Pearl, who died at the age of three years. Politically Mr. Black has been a lifelong supporter of the democratic party and has always taken a keen interest in public affairs. He has been particularly interested in educational matters and has altogether served eighteen years as a member of school boards. Fraternally he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and has been affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows for thirty-six years. He is a gentleman of kindly manner, possessing a fine personality, and his life record has been such as to gain for him the respect and esteem of all who know him. P. SJOSTROM Among the men of energy and ability to whom Monroe is indebted for the upbuilding of its trade relations is numbered P. Sjostrom, a successful merchant, who has also found time for public activities. A native of Sweden, he was born in 1870, and received his education in that country. In 1892 he responded to the call of adventure and came to the United States. Following the example of many of his fellow countrymen, Mr. Sjostrom sought the opportunities of the west, and for eight years he was a resident of Minnesota, clerking in various stores. He 292 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY came to Washington in 1900 and in December of that year established a store in Monroe, specializing in men's furnishings, and conducted the business until 1914, when he disposed of his stock. He continued to live in Monroe, but was engaged in business in various sections of the state. In 1923 he reengaged in business in Monroe, resuming his mercantile operations. He handles ready-to-wear garments for both men and women and carries a fine line of wearing apparel. His affairs are wisely managed, and honorable business methods have enabled him to win and retain public patronage. In 1892 Mr. Sjostrom married Miss Margaret Stromberg, also a native of Sweden, and six children were born to them, namely : Alfred, who is still at home ; Alvera, deceased ; Mabel, who resides with her parents ; Edna, the wife of A. R. Jones, of Hobart, Washington; and Maude and Esther, both at home. Mr. Sjostrom casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party, and he has established an enviable record as deputy assessor of Snohomish county, to which office lie gives the services of an expert. He is never mistaken in his estimate of the value of mercantile stocks and enjoys the distinction of being the only man in the county with a specialized knowledge of this subject. His work is performed with marked thoroughness and efficiency and his ability, integrity and fidelity to duty have established him high in public regard. 0. J. BERG A product of the west, 0. J. Berg is endowed with the qualities of energy and determination, which have enabled him to overcome many obstacles and difficulties, and he is now classed with the successful merchants of Lake Stevens. He was born at Tracy, Minnesota, in 1875, and his parents, Jacob and Martha Be: g, have passed away. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm and his education was acquired in the public schools of that locality. He began his business career as a clerk, working in various meat markets, and at the age of twenty-five entered a homestead in North Dakota. He proved up on the claim and was also the proprietor of a grocery store. In 1911 he disposed of his interests in that state and came to Washington. He established a grocery store in Seattle and was also in the employ of Barton & Company, well known meat packers of that city, for a time. In 1919 he came to Lake Stevens and opened a general store, which he has since conducted. His business is essential to the community and his patronage has steadily increased as a result of his able management and close conformity to a high standard of commercial ethics. On June 21, 1906, Mr. Berg married Miss Annie M. Co!e, of Michigan, and they have two sons, Marvin W. and Archie. Mr. Berg is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and in politics he maintains an independent attitude, standing at all times for progress, reform and improvement in public affairs. He is a business man of high reputation and belongs to that class of useful citizens who influence the development of every community in which they are found. FRANK R. FRENCH Frank R. French, a veteran of the World war, has risen rapidly in the business world, and his well developed powers have enabled him to win and retain a position of leadership in commercial circles of Everett. A son of Arthur and Julia French, he was born February 4, 1891, and is a native of Le Sueur county, Minnesota. His father has passed away, and the mother resides in Everett. Frank R. French is a graduate of the Acme Business College of Everett, and he also completed a course in the Wilson Business College at Seattle. He was likewise a student at the University of Washington, which he attended for three years. For two years he was assitant secretary of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and afterward became an instructor in the commercial department of the city schools. He was engaged in teaching for five years, imparting his knowledge clearly and readily to the pupils under his charge, and was secretary of the board of education for some time. In 1923 he purchased an interest in the business of Paschke & Turner, established in 1916, and in June, 1925, the senior partner retired, at which time the present style of French & Turner was adopted. The business was first located at 2803 Grand avenue and in 1921 was moved to a building twenty-five by one hundred feet in dimensions, situated at 2804 Colby avenue. The firm carries a large stock of paint, wallpaper and glass and also does outdoor advertising. Its signs are displayed on billboards in Island, Skagit and King counties, Washington, while its service likewise extends to Portland, Oregon, and to the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 293 state of Idaho. Three expert sign painters take care of the outside work, and the business has assumed extensive proportions. The firm has established an enviable reputation for enterprise and reliability and its members are business men of ability and integrity. On June 30, 1922, Mr. French was united in marriage to Miss Louise Buchanan, a daughter of Dr. Charles Buchanan, who is deceased. In 1918 Mr. French joined the United States Marine Corps and rose to the rank of sergeant major. He went to France with the Fifth Regiment and participated in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, miraculously escaping death in that terrible conflict. He spent eight months in Germany with the Army of Occupation, and his overseas service covered a period of eighteen months. He belongs to the American Legion and the Lions Club of Everett. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and has attained the fourteenth degree in the order, and he is also connected with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. His political views are in accord with the tenets of the republican party. Mr. French is the possessor of a fine physique, and he measures up to the full stature of American manhood and citizenship. JAMES MEYERS The agricultural interests of Snohomish are well represented by James Meyers, who is one of the practical and enterprising farmers in the vicinity of Locksloy, where he owns a well improved and productive farm. His success is the legitimate outcome of his persistent and well directed efforts and today he is regarded as one of the representative men of his locality. Mr. Meyers was born in New York city on the 8th of December, 1861, and is a son of Jonas F. and Chesty (Pearson) Meyers, the former of whom was a sailor for many years. Both parents are now deceased. James Meyers attended the public schools of his native city and then went to sea in young manhood, following the life of a sailor for twenty years. In 1890 he came to Seattle and worked on railroads in this locality for two years, helping to build the Monte Cristo Railroad. In 1893 he bought forty acres of land near Hartford, later also buying land near Locksloy. In 1907 he bought another forty acre tract near Locksloy, on which he built a good house and barn, made other improvements, and has since been engaged in dairy farming here. In 1904 Mr. Meyers was married to Miss Annie T. Nilson, who was a native of Sweden and who died in 1918. To this union were born three children, namely : Edward, who is in his sophomore year at Washington State College ; William, who is a member of the Coast Cuard ; and Julius, who is at home. Mr. Meyers is a supporter of the republican party and belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He served four years as a member of the local school board and has in all things cooperated with his fellow citizens for the betterment of the community. Because of his earnest life, his industry and his splendid record as a man and citizen, he commands the friendship of all who know him. WALTER H. KUHNLE Throughout an active and interesting career duty has ever been the motive of action with Walter H. Kuhnle, president of the Peerless Dairy Store, Inc., at Everett, and usefulness to his fellows has been by no means a secondary consideration with him. He has thus gained the good will and respect of his associates and the general public, retaining his reputation as a man of integrity and high character, standing for all that is best in community life. Mr. Kuhnle was born on the 6th of July, 1892, in Menominee, Michigan, and is a son of John M. and Mary Kuhnle. In 1898 the father brought his family to Hoquiam, western Washington, where he entered the employ of the Crown Lumber Company. Since 1904 he has been a resident of Everett. Walter H. Kuhnle attended the public schools, graduating from high school, and in 1914 he entered the employ of the Peerless Dairy Store. He remained in that business until 1925, when he bought a controlling interest therein and is now president of the company, to which he is devoting his attention closely, meeting with fine results. He also owns the Cave confectionery store, where he carries a full line of high grade candies. He employs twenty-seven people, and the success which is crowning his efforts has been well merited for he conducts his affairs according to the highest plane of commercial ethics and enjoys the confidence of the public to a marked degree. 294 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1917 Mr. Kuhnle enlisted in the United States army, joining the machine gun corps, and was attached to Company B of the Three Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment. He went overseas in 1917 and his command took an active part in many of the important engagements of the war, including St. Mihiel, Meuse, Argonne, Ypres and Lysson. The company started in action with one hundred and sixty-eight men and came out at the end of the war with but sixteen, losing two-thirds of their men within two hours in the battle of the Meuse. Fraternally Mr. Kuhnle is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the American Legion and the World War Veterans. He also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Personally he is a man of pleasing aqdress, quiet and unobtrusive in manner, but cordial and friendly in his social relations and he is regarded as one of the leading citizens of his community. OTTO W. JOHNSON Among the enterprising and prosperous business men of Everett and successful farmers of Sunnyside, specific mention should be made of Otto W. Johnson, whose record since he came to this locality is one of which he has just reason to be proud, reflecting great credit on his energy and sound judgment. Mr. Johnson was born in Sweden, April 16, 1877, and is a son of Olaf and Sarah Johnson. The father was engaged in the mercantile business in his native land, but eventually brought his family to the United States, locating in Republic, Michigan, where he engaged in mining, and there he and his wife spent their remaining years, both being deceased. Otto W. Johnson was given the advantage of a good public school education and was then engaged in mining in Michigan until 1897, when he went to Alaska. He was engaged in mining there until 1901, when he came to Everett, Snohomish county, and established the Fulton Market, a meat store, for which he erected a good building. Eventually this was incorporated, and lie is serving as president of the company. He is a good business man and the firm enjoys a large and representative patronage. He has also been interested in real estate, having bought and sold several farms. In 1918 he bought fifteen acres of land in the Sunnyside addition to Everett, and here he has built a splendid residence, clearing the land of the timber which stood on it. The farm is a pleasant as well as profitable diversion from his Everett business. Mr. Johnson is of an inventive turn of mind and devised what is known as the Johnson Stump Puller, which is now manufactured and sold extensively, being pronounced the best tool for the purpose on the market. In 1903 Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Julia Caroline Tegelberg, who was a former schoolmate of his in Michigan, and to them have been born four children, namely : Lawrence O., who is a senior in college at Corvallis, Oregon; Viola, who is at home ; Floyd, who is in high school ; and Dorothy. Politically Mr. Johnson is independent, and he takes a commendable interest in public affairs, on which he holds well defined opinions. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Riverside Commercial Club. A man of keen discernment and sagacity in business matters, he is highly regarded by his business associates, while in civic affairs he stands for all that is best in community life. CORDT H. QUAST Among the pioneer residents of the vicinity of Marysville who through the years have been active factors in the development and progress of the community is Cordt H. Quast, who for nearly forty years has lived here and successfully operated a farm. He has not confined his attention to his private affairs, but has taken a wide-awake and progressive citizen's interest in the public affairs of his county, rendering effective service as a public official when called upon. Mr. Quast is a native of Germany, born on the 12th of June, 1868, and is a son of Peter and Mattie Quast, both of whom are deceased. He received his education in the public schools of his native land and remained at home until 1884, when, at the age of sixteen years, he emigrated to the United States. He went direct to Red Wing, Minnesota, where he lived two years, and then went to North Dakota, where he lived also about two years. In 1889 he came to Snohomish county and bought eighty acres of land north of Marysville. The HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 295 tract was heavily covered with timber, stumps and brush, but he applied himself energetically to the task of clearing it and in the course of time developed a fine, productive farm. He made many permanent improvements, including the building of a good house, and still owns and operates the ranch, though he is now living in a splendid home which he bought in Marysville. About 1912 Mr. Quast also bought eighty acres of land adjoining Marysville on the southeast, has it cleared and now rents it. He is a director of the Marysville State Bank. In 1888 Mr. Quast was united in marriage to Miss Annie Christianson, and to them have been born the following children Ray, who works for the government at the Indian agency ; Clifford, at home ; Richard ; Florence, who is a teacher in California ; Paul, who lives in Marysville ; Thomas, who is a student in the University of Washington ; and Harry, deceased. Politically Mr. Quast has given his support to the republican party. He served as a member of the board of county commissioners in the years 1914 to 1921, while in an early day he served as road supervisor. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He was a charter member of Kellogg Marsh Grange, the second grange in Snohomish county, and was its second master, serving as such several years. In every phase of activity Mr. Quast has shown himself a man of reliable judgment and sound opinions, absolutely dependable under all circumstances, and supporting every measure for the betterment of the community along material, civic or social lines. Because of his splendid record and his strong personality, he has been an influential factor in his community and has enjoyed universal respect and good will. W. F. BAILEY Coming to Everett with no assets save youth, energy and determination, W. F. Bailey has overcome many obstacles and difficulties and is now numbered among the prosperous merchants of the city. He was horn February 3, 1885, in Portland, Maine, and was a child of 'four when his parents, L. J. and Sarah (Downing) Bailey, made the long journey from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. They settled in Mount Vernon, Washington, where the father made his home until 1924, and he is now living retired in Everett. The mother is deceased. W. F. Bailey was educated in the public schools of Mount Vernon and when sixteen years of age came to Everett. He obtained a position as clerk and was employed by various merchants, gaining valuable experience along commercial lines. Through industry and economy he acquired sufficient capital for a business of his own and in 1919 opened a store at 1609 Hewitt avenue. Later he formed a partnership with Walter H. Kinney, who is the junior member of the firm, and through their combined efforts a large trade has been established. They deal exclusively in men's clothing and carry a fine stock. They are reliable dealers and a customer once gained by the firm is always retained. In 1907 Mr. Bailey married Miss Edith Clark, of Everett, and the children of this union are Jack and George. Mr. Bailey is a republican and his fraternal connections are with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the local Kiwanis Club, and the Chamber of Commerce also numbers him among its valued members. He is highly esteemed in business circles of Everett and in all matters of citizenship is loyal, progressive and public-spirited. WILLIAM W. COOK William W. Cook, the proprietor of a fine garage in Monroe, has spent practically his entire life in Washington and is thoroughly imbued with the progressive spirit which characterizes the men of the Pacific northwest. He was born in Miami county, Kansas, in 1885 and was but three years old when his parents, Caleb and Sarah Alice (Inman) Cook, settled in Seattle, Washington. They afterward moved to Bothell and later to Everett but now reside on a farm in the vicinity of Snohomish. William W. Cook received a public school education and gained a start in life by working in the lumber camps of western Washington. Prompted by a laudable ambition, he determined to establish a business of his own and in 1921 opened a garage in Monroe. He also does general repair work, having a well equipped shop, and is now at the head of a prosperous business. He is an efficient manager and gives to his patrons high class service. On February 4. 1910, Mr. Cook was united in marriage to Miss Inez Inman, of Centralia, 296 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Washington, and they have six children : Eddie, Ella, Gertrude, Florence, Billie and Bettie. Mr. Cook is connected with the Masonic order and the Knights of Pythias. He votes the republican ticket and as an earnest member of the town council is exerting his influence to promote the interests of the community and the welfare of its citizens. He is loyal to every cause which he espouses and faithful to every trust and has won the approbation and esteem of his fellowmen. H. H. PETERSEN H. H. Petersen, a leading florist, actively engaged in business at. Everett for a quarter of a century, has worthily earned the distinctive title of "self-made man," for all that he now possesses has been gained through the medium of his own efforts. His interests as proprietor of the Everett Floral Company are now being successfully continued by his sons, Iver M. and A. Y. Petersen. A native of Denmark, H. H. Petersen was born April 12, 1862, and his parents were Iver and Marie Petersen. He was educated in his native land and when a young man of nineteen years responded to the call of the new world. He spent three months in Indiana and then journeyed westward to Iowa, in which state he lived for four years. On the expiration of that period he went to Jamestown, North Dakota, and later to Duluth, Minnesota. He followed the occupation of farming for a number of years and afterward conducted a meat market. He was the proprietor of a confectionery store in Eveleth, Minnesota, and in 1901 came to northwestern Washington, opening a floral establishment in Everett. He is one of the city's pioneer merchants and his business has kept pace with its development. His greenhouses, comprising fifteen thousand square feet of glass, are situated at the corner of Thirty-sixth and Lombard streets. He has one delivery truck and his retail store is located at 1612 Hewitt avenue. It is filled with choice varieties of flowers and plants, and the Peter-sens have long been recognized as the city's leading florists, catering to a large clientele. They enjoy their work, which is conducted along scientific lines, and through experience, study and experiment have acquired an expert knowledge of the business in which they are engaged. In 1888 H. H. Petersen was married to Miss Theresa Wiese, by whom he has four sons and a daughter, namely : Iver M., who in 1914 wedded Gwcnelian Mackey and who has two children, Elaine and Iver, Jr. ; Dora, who follows the profession of teaching; Leonard, who is living in El Paso, Texas ; Ernest, a resident of Cleveland, Ohio ; and A. Y., who in 1920 wedded Anna Wilke and now has two children, Archie Y., Jr., and Richard Allan. Mr. Petersen owes allegiance to no party and is liberal, broad-minded and progressive in his political views. He belongs to the Danish Brotherhood and is also connected with the Masonic fraternity, the Improved Order of Red Men and the Woodmen of the World. Honest, industrious and enterprising, he has accomplished what he has undertaken and time has proven his worth as a business man and citizen. ROBERT VOGEL One of the leading citizens and representative farmers of Snohomish county is Robert Vogel, proprietor of a fine and well improved farm in the vicinity of Snohomish. His has been an eminently active and useful life, but limited space forbids more than a brief mention of the leading events in his career. He has always been regarded as worthy of the confidence and respect which his fellow citizens have freely accorded him. A native of Poland, he was born in 1874, and is a son of John and Elizabeth ( Bargstreser) Vogel, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country and are now deceased. Robert Vogel attended the public schools of his native land, where he remained until 1893, when, at the age of nineteen years he emigrated to the United States. He at once proceeded to Minnesota, where acquaintances of his were living, and during the ensuing three years was employed on farms in that locality. In 1896 he went to South Dakota, where he took tip a homestead, which lie proved up and to the operation of which lie devoted his attention until 1913, when he sold it and went to Montana, engaging in farming in Medicine county from 1913 to 1920. In the latter year he came to Snohomish county and bought forty-three acres of land, which he has developed into a fine farm. He has done some clearing in addition to that which had been done before he bought the tract, and has built a comfortable and attractive residence, which has added materially to the value of the place. He has between HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 297 two and three acres in berries, with a nice orchard for family use, and keeps from five to seven cows, for which he raises practically all the feed. Of late he has devoted a good deal of attention to the chicken business, having seven hundred young hens, to which flock he will make large additions. He is a man of sound judgment, being eminently practical in everything that he does, and his success has not been the result of caprice or chance, but has come as the legitimate fruitage of persistent and well directed effort along right lines. In 1897, in South Dakota, Mr. Vogel was married to Miss Anna Raabe, who is a native of that state, a daughter of Carl and Christina Raabe, both of whom are natives of Germany and who, on coming to the United States, located in South Dakota, being pioneer settlers in their locality, where they followed farming pursuits. To Mr. and Mrs. Vogel have been born ten children, the first seven of whom were born in South Dakota and the last three in Montana, namely : Walter, who lives in Indiana ; Otto, who married Alva Conrad of Snohomish and is associated with the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association ; Bertha, the wife of G. Stocker, of Blackman Lake, and the mother of two children; Anna, the wife of Henry Froemgen, of Blackman Lake ; and Adolph, Alma, Frieda, Arthur, Eleanora and Esther. Mr. Vogel is a member of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association, the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He possesses to a marked degree the essential elements of good citizenship and is regarded as one of the representative men of the community, worthy of all confidence and respect. THOMAS J. ATWOOD Thomas J. Atwood, one of the pioneer business men of Sultan, has witnessed every phase in the growth of the town, contributing his full quota toward its upbuilding, and he has filled the office of postmaster for many years. He was born in Greene county, Indiana, in 1856, his parents being Alexis Alexander and Nancy (Sartain) Atwood, the former an agriculturist. They went to Missouri in 1858 ; later to southern Illinois, and migrated to southwestern Iowa in 1866, but afterward returned to Missouri, settling in the vicinity of the Ozark mountains. Thomas J. Atwood aided his father in tilling the soil, and his public school training was supplemented by attendance at an academy, while he also took a course in a college at St. Joseph, Missouri. He engaged in educational work in that state for eleven years and in 1888 came to Washington. He taught at Tualco, near the present site of Monroe for about two years and during 1890-91 was an instructor in a school situated in the district where Sultan is now located. He also entered a homestead here and continued his educational work while clearing and improving his claim. He secured the cooperation of William B. Stevens in the project for establishing a community at this point and in January, 1889, the tovvnsite of Sultan was laid out on forty acres of land, comprising a portion of the John Nailor homestead. Mr. Stevens started the first store here and a small hotel, later selling the business to McDevitt & Davis. The firm of Shaw Brothers established a clothing store in the town in 1890 and in the following year H. M. Meredith, David Bunn and a Mr. Paine embarked -in general merchandising, conducting the business under the style of T. W. Cobb & Company. Mr. Cobb opened a livery stable in 1891 and in May, 1891, Mr. Atwood established a drug store. He is the only pharmacist in the town and his business is essential to the life of the community. He caters to a large trade and for thirty-five years has continuously conducted the store, enjoying the distinction of being one of the pioneer druggists of the state. He has a fine establishment and still retains his homestead, which is a valuable property, reflecting the careful supervision and progressive spirit of its owner. Sultan contained nine saloons in the early days when the railroad was being constructed and every available space was taken by liquor dealers, the little drug store being forced to vacate to give place to a saloon. In 1893 Mr. Atwood solved the problem by erecting a building of his own, using rough lumber, the only kind available, in its construction. In 1879 Mr. Atwood married Miss Rachel L. DeArmond, a native of Iowa, and they became the parents of eight children. Clarence, the first born, is deceased, and another child died in infancy. The others are : Amy, at home ; Mabel, now Mrs. R. J. Bigelow, of Sultan ; Harold, who is engaged in the drug business at Riverside, California ; Kate, the wife of A. F. Bode, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin ; Perry L., who married Miss Ruth Carboneau, of Everett, Washington, and assists his father in the conduct of the store; and Lora B., who is the wife of John G. Behrens, of Bellevue, Washington. Mr. Atwood is a Scottish Rite Mason and has attrained the fourteenth degree in the order. He is also connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and in politics is a stanch republican. He was postmaster of Sultan for seventeen years, establishing a fine record in that 298 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY connection, and for a considerable period was a notary public. He was for years a member of the school board and a strong champion of educational advancement. He has done much in helping settlers to locate in this region and has been prominently identified with the building of good roads and streets in Sultan. Mr. Atwood has left the impress of his individuality upon the history of Sultan, and measured by the standard of usefulness, his life has been a very successful one. ALBERT SIDNEY HOWARD There are some men in whom the constructive faculties are largely developed, and of this type was Albert Sidney Howard. Possessing a genius for organization and an aptitude for successful management, he became a vital force in the upbuilding of Washington's great lumber industry, and his death in January, 1913, deprived Stanwood of one of its foremost business men and a citizen whom it could ill afford to lose. He was a son of Lafayette and Mary (Wikle) Howard and a native of North Carolina. He was born December 16, 1861, and in 1884, when a young man of twenty-three years, came to the Pacific coast with three companions of about the same age. Mr. Howard preempted government land in Skagit county, Washington, and built a sawmill there, turning his attention to the lumber business. He started the first shingle mill in Skagit county, in which he also sawed the first cedar lumber, and later established a mill near Edison, Washington, on the present site of the town of Bow, being associated in that venture with W. H. Welbon and Mr. Addington. He was also engaged in the logging business for a number of years. In May, 1899, Mr. Howard came to Snohomish county and started a sawmill at Stanwood. He was afterward joined by D. G. Bennie and Dr. Harry K. Lum, and in 1903 the business was reorganized, at which time the style of the Stanwood Lumber Company was adopted. Mr. Bennie was made treasurer, and Mr. Howard served as president and manager of the company until his demise. He brought to the discharge of his duties ripe experience, keen sagacity and marked administrative ability and maintained a high degree of efficiency in the operation of the business, which he placed on a strong financial basis. He was ever just and considerate in the treatment of his employes and thus secured their harmonious cooperation and good will. On May 30, 1888, Mr. Howard married Miss Harriet Frances Kalloch, who survives him. She is a native of Kansas and a daughter of Amariah and Mary (Heck) Kalloch, the latter of whom passed away in the Sunflower state. Mr. Kalloch migrated to Washington in 1883, settling in Skagit county, and took up a homestead five miles from Sedro Woolley. He secured a fine tract of timber and resided on the property until 1889, when he met an accidental death. He was the father of five children, Harriet Frances being the eldest, while Harry L. was the next in order of birth. Woodbury, who was employed by the subject of this sketch, has passed away, and his wife is also deceased. Their daughter, Myrtle Selma, was reared by her aunt, Mrs. Harriet F. Howard, and is now following the profession of nursing. Edith Elena is the wife of Sylvester Hall, of Skagit county, and has become the mother of ten children, one of whom is deceased. Clarence Alvin, the youngest member of the family, resides in Centralia, Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Howard became the parents of ten children, but Ida, the sixth in order of birth, is deceased. Lela is the wife of Owen B. Nelson, a resident of California, and they have two children, Owen Benjamin and Jean F. Nina Frances is at home. Frank L. won the commission of second lieutenant and served throughout the World war. He is president of the Stanwood Lumber Company and an exceptionally capable young business man. He married Miss Marjory Eldred, by whom he has three children : Mary Elizabeth, Marjory Frances and Carolyn Nadine. Mary Maud is the wife of Charles Simonson, a well known druggist of Stanwood, and they have two children: Harriet Marea and Charles Howard. Fred Albert joined the Twentieth Engineers and went to France with the American Expeditionary Force. He served until the close of the war and is now living in Seattle. He married Miss Solveig Hall, by whom he has one child, Fred Sidney. The other members of the family are: Mabel Grace, formerly a successful teacher, now Mrs. Vincent Harris, of Seattle; Helen Elena and Edwin Lee, both of whom are attending the University of Washington ; and Mildred Alberta, also a university student. Mrs. Howard is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr. Howard was identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His political allegiance was given to the democratic party, and he was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. He had no special advantages to aid him at the outset of his career, but realized that energy, determination and perseverance are indispensable concomitants of success and through the employment of these agencies steadily advanced, reaching a field of ALBERT S. HOWARD HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 301 broad influence and usefulness. Honest, sincere and unaffected, Mr. Howard made friends wherever he went, and of him it may be truthfully said : "None knew him but to love him, None named him but to praise." ROBERT L. HUNT Commercial activity in Everett has received marked impetus from the enterprising spirit and well directed efforts of Robert L. Hunt, who has achieved noteworthy success in the drug business, which has constituted his life work. He was born in 1870 in Rogersville, Tennessee, a son of Jesse E. and Mary (Sherfey) Hunt, who were also natives of that state, and was reared on his father's plantation, receiving a public school education. He worked in drug stores in the south and in 1902 located in Portland, Oregon. He secured a position with the Woodard-Clark Drug Company, with which he spent several years, and then entered the employ of the Bleumauer-Frank Drug Company, a large wholesale house of that city, with which he remained until 1910. Mr. Hunt was then sent to Seattle as the representative of the latter firm and also visited the northern section of the state in their interests. He made his home in Seattle until 1918 and then purchased the Everett Pharmacy, located on the corner of Hewitt avenue and Rucker street, Everett. In 1920 he became the owner of the City Drug Store at 1910 Hewitt avenue, buying the business from J. W. Brattain, and on January 1, 1926, disposed of his stock in that establishment. In June, 1924, he bought the Owl Drug Store, then located in the Realty block, and in April, 1925, moved the business to the corner of Hewitt and Colby avenues. Mr. Hunt sells only to the retail trade and carries a complete line of drugs, featuring the prescription department. He has the largest and finest Owl store in the northwest and operates two drug stores, employing about fifteen persons in all. He is the recognized leader of the drug trade in Everett. While in Portland lie served for one term on the Oregon State Board of Pharmacy. In 1893 Mr. Hunt married Miss Isabel Hale, of Tennessee, a daughter of Philip Smith and Mary (Smith) Hale, both members of old and aristocratic families of the south. Mr. and Mrs. Hunt have become the parents of the follow:ng children : Philip Smith, who took up the study of pharmacy in the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1920, and is now associated with his father in business ; Jessie, who completed a high school course and resides with her parents ; Mary Alice, the wife of J. R. Falconer, of Everett ; J. C.; and Roberta, now in the Everett high school. Mr. Hunt is a Royal Arch Mason and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a popular member of the Kiwanis Club and the Everett Golf and Country Club, while his political views are in harmony with the platform and principles of the republican party. He has concentrated his efforts upon a definite objective, in the attainment of which he has utilized intelligence, good judgment and honorable methods, and his prosperity is well deserved. GEORGE W. BONSER George W. Bonser, one of Stanwood's self-made men, was long identified with lumber operations in Washington, but of late years has devoted his energies to the automobile trade, and he enjoys the distinction of being the oldest dealer in the county who has been continuously in one location. A son of William and Alice (Fultz) Bonser, he was born April 8th, 1869, and is a native of Muscatine, Iowa. The father followed the blacksmith's trade for many years and now resides with the subject of this sketch, but the mother is deceased. George W. Bonser attended the public schools of Iowa and when twenty-one years of age came to Washington. He was employed as a clerk in various stores in Seattle and subsequently located in Edmonds, Washington. He formed a partnership with F. N. Hatch, and theirs was the first shingle mill in that locality. Mr. Bonser afterward transferred the scene of his activities to Skagit county and was there engaged in the milling business for twenty-three years, with much success, also conducting a general store. In 1914 he organized the Stanwood Automobile Company, of which he has since been president, and in this field of endeavor he has also achieved prosperity. He handles the Overland and Willys-Knight cars and maintains an automobile repair shop, equipped for first-class service. He has a complete line of auto- 302 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY mobile accessories and also deals in radios. Mr. Bonser is well informed on everything pertaining to the lines in which he specializes and is one of the most progressive dealers in Stanwood. He conducts a large volume of business and his sales are rapidly increasing. In 1890 Mr. Bonser married Miss Gertrude Hatch, a native of Iowa and a daughter of F. N. Hatch, who migrated from Kansas to Washington in that year. The children of this union are : Wayne, who is living in Seattle ; and Winona, the wife of Eugene Smith, also a resident of that city. Mr. Bonser is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and gives his political allegiance to the republican party. He was a member of the town council for five years, and he is ever ready to serve his community when needed, being actuated at all times by an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good. He is essentially a member of the class of doers, gifted with initiative, energy and determination, and his life has been crowned with achievement. He has always dealt honorably with his fellowmen and enjoys the respect, confidence and good will of the citizens of Stanwood, who appreciate him at his true worth. MAX W. EGGERT Alert, enterprising and capable, Max W. Eggert has stimulated commercial activity in Lake Stevens and as a representative of one of the pioneer families of Snohomish county he is widely and favorably known. He was born September 6, 1885, in Watertown, Wisconsin, and was but two years old when his parents, Ernest and Augusta (Rhode) Eggert, journeyed to Washington. In 1887 his father entered a homestead near Getchell, and through arduous effort he cleared the land, on which he made many improvements. He afterward sold the ranch and entered the milling business at Getchell. He was thus engaged for twenty years and also established a general store in the town. Success attended his operations and he is still active in mercantile affairs, also owning much valuable land in the vicinity of Getchell. He is an astute business man of high standing and has done much to develop the district in which he resides. Max W. Eggert received a public school education and also attended the Wilson Business College of Seattle. He assisted his father in the store at Getchell, acquiring valuable experience along mercantile lines, and on March 1, 1918, they opened a branch at Lake Stevens, of which business the subject has since had charge. He has developed a large trade and conducts the leading store in the town. He has carefully studied the needs of the public and is always prepared to supply the wants of patrons, carrying a large and varied assortment of merchandise. On January 4, 1912, Mr. Eggert was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Nelson, of Marysville, Washington, and they now have three children: Willard, Maxine and Howard. Mr. Eggert is a Scottish Rite Mason and has taken the eighteenth degree in the order. He is an earnest follower of its teachings, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is in thorough accord with every project for the advancement of the community with which he has allied his interests and exerts a strong and beneficial influence in local business circles. R. W. MANNING A prosperous business, wisely managed and systematically conducted, is the visible evidence of the enterprising spirit and administrative power of R. W. Manning, one of Everett's foremost merchants and for many years an important factor in the commercial life of the city. He was born at Dunlap, Iowa, in 1882 and was a boy of six years when his parents, A. L. and Fannie E. (Olmstead) Manning, journeyed westward to Washington. The father was one of the pioneer real estate dealers of Tacoma and about 1900 moved to Everett, where he continued active in the same line until his death, doing much to improve the city. The mother has also passed away. R. W. Manning was educated in the public schools of Tacoma and in 1899 went as a prospector to Alaska. He spent two years in that country and was successful in his quest for gold, developing two mines of his own. In 1901 he returned to Snohomish county and became manager of a sawmill owned by Wheeler, Osgood & Company. He was next associated with the E. K. Wood Lumber Company of Bellingham for about a year and then entered the First National Bank of Everett, with which he was connected for five years. In 1907 Mr. Manning made his first independent business venture, opening the Home Shoe Store in the Realty building on Hewitt avenue, and later moved to the Hutchinson block. His present HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 303 location at No. 1608 Hewitt avenue was secured in 1912, and his is the largest and finest stock of shoes in Everett. He handles the Stacy-Adams shoes for men, Arch Preservers for women, and also carries a line of footwear for children. He is well informed on all matters pertaining to the trade, and the patrons of his establishment always receive high class service and good values for the amounts expended. In 1906 Mr. Manning married Miss Aleta Baker, of Walla Walla, Washington, and they have one daughter, Susanne. Mr. Manning enjoys the social side of life and belongs to the Everett Golf and Country Club and the Cascade Club. He is one of the energetic workers in the Chamber of Commerce and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is unprejudiced in his political views and stands at all times for progress, reform and improvement in public affairs. Mr. Manning is a broad-minded man, and public opinion bears testimony to his high qualities of mind and heart. FRED ROCKMARK Fred Rockmark has been a hard worker along well directed lines, and the splendid success which has come to him has been attained by worthy methods. A native of Denmark, his birth occurred in 1861, and he is a son of J. Fred and Sophie (Chrustoffersen) Rockmark, both of whom also were natives of that country, where they spent their lives, both being now deceased. The father was a school teacher by profession and was a man of high standing and influence in his locality. Fred Rockmark received his education in the public schools of his native land and then performed his required military service. He learned the trade of a shoemaker, which he followed in Denmark for ten or twelve years. In 1889 he emigrated to the United States, locating in Wisconsin, where he spent about a year, and in 1890 he came to Seattle, Washington, where a brother, Henry Rockmark, was living and was engaged in the carpenter's trade. Here our subject remained about six years, also working at that trade, and then, about 1897, he came to his present place, which his brother had homesteaded in 1889. He gave considerable attention to the clearing and developing of the place before moving onto it, and then bought the land from his brother. It was covered with virgin timber, which he logged off about 1903. There were no roads and not even a trail to the place, but he kept at his work of development and in the course of time found himself in posession of a splendid and well improved tract. Here he devoted himself to general farming operations, also keeping cows and chickens. In recent years he has given his chief attention to chickens, in the handling of which he has met with pronounced success. He also has a nice bearing orchard, and all of the improvements on the farm are of a permanent and substantial nature. Mr. Rockmark also rents fishing boats, his land bordering Flowing lake, which affords fine fishing. During the early days he gave freely of his time and labor in the building of roads, being one of those who built the wagon road through the Pilchuck. In those days wild game was plentiful, there being many deer, grouse and an occasional bear, but these have practically disappeared from this locality. Much hard and intensive work was entailed in getting the logs from his place, there being no roads, but by determined effort he accomplished his work, the timber being sold to the Three Lakes mill, which was situated in his vicinity. Mr. Rockmark is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association and of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association and is a charter member of the Garden City Grange. He has taken a good citizen's interest in everything pertaining to the welfare of his locality and rendered effective service as a member of the school board of the Three Lakes district. He is a man of pleasing address, kindly and generous in disposition and cordial and friendly in his social relations, and is highly regarded here. RICHARD 0. ROESIGER Among those who have been identified with the history of Snohomish county from the early period of its development stands Richard 0. Roesiger—indeed, he was the first white man to set foot on some parts of the county, being the discoverer of the lake which bears his name and on the shores of which he now lives. Mr. Roesiger is a native of Germany, his birth occurring on the 16th day of August, 1862, and is a son of Robert and Augusta Roesiger, both of whom have long been deceased. He received his education in the public schools and remained at home until about thirteen years of age ; then learned a trade, and 304 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY worked in Germany until twenty years of age, when, in 1882, he emigrated to the United States. Stopping in New York state, he obtained employment on the New York, Lake Shore & Buffalo Railroad, but later went to Kansas and from there to the Mojave desert in California. He next went to San Francisco, where he remained about two months, and thereafter was employed at several places in that state. His next move was to Utah, where he remained a short time, after which he went to work on the Mississippi river and later spent a year in Arkansas. He was in New Orleans during the exposition, and then went to Mexico, where he remained a short time. St. Paul, Minnesota, was his next stopping place, but he soon went to Canada and worked on the Canadian Pacific Railroad. Eventually, he went to British Columbia and in the fall of 1885 to Seattle. For awhile he worked in the coal mines at New Castle, and then went to Gray's Harbor, where he remained but a short time. He helped as a blacksmith on the Northern Pacific tunnel, and then again went to work in the coal mines at New Castle. In 1887, while on a prospecting trip through Snohomish county, Mr. Roesiger discovered a body of water, of peculiar shape, and which had not been surveyed. The lake is two miles long and from four hundred feet to three-quarters of a mile wide, is one hundred and fifty feet deep in places and is approximately five hundred and seventy-four feet above sea level. Mr. Roesiger decided to name it Chain lake but it was named after him and has always been so called. The lake abounds with fish and is beautifully situated. Mr. Roesiger squatted on land by the lake and later, when the land had been surveyed, he filed preemption but later changed to a homestead claim. In recent years, recognizing the value and availability of the place as an ideal summer resort, he has erected cottages, fixed up picnic grounds, bought a number of boats and canoes, and is now devoting his attention very largely to its management as a resort. Since 1917 the people have been flocking here and it now enjoys a well deserved popularity. In 1892 Mr. Roesiger was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Huebner, also a native of Germany, and to them have been born four children, namely : Bruno, who is a log scaler and lives on Whidby island ; Liska, who is the wife of A. L. Bailey, of San Francisco, California; Hilda Florena, who is the wife of Joseph C. Faas ; and Solon, who is with the Pinkerton Detective Agency and is located in Seattle, Washington. Politically Mr. Roesiger gives his support to the republican party and has taken a commendable interest in local public affairs, having served many years as a member of the school board. He is a man of wide experience, broad views and well defined opinions ; has always borne an enviable reputation throughout the community where he lives and is well worthy of representation in the history of his county. THOMAS E. HEADLEE Among the most widely and favorably known residents of Everett stands Thomas E. Headlee, the present efficient and capable commissioner of public safety. Closely identified at different times with the public offices of both city and county, his administration of the offices he has filled has been marked by absolute fidelity to the trusts reposed in him and a devotion to the welfare of the community that has won for him the universal approval of his fellow citizens. Mr. Headlee was born in Keokuk county, Iowa, on the 1st of September, 1867, and is a son of Ephraim and Harriet (Humes) Headlee, the latter being the eldest sister of ex-Mayor Humes, of Seattle, Washington. Ephraim Headlee brought his family to Snohomish county in the fall of 1890 and bought a farm, on which he resided until his death. The mother is now living in Everett, at the age of eighty-eight years. Thomas E. Headlee attended the public schools and was graduated from high school, after which he took a course in the Burlington (Iowa) Business College. In January, 1890, he came to Snohomish and took up the study of law, being admitted to the bar in 1893, after which he practiced the legal profession for a short time. In 1893 he was elected city clerk of Snohomish and in 1896 he was elected to the office of county auditor, being reelected in 1898, and serving until 1900. He then became bookkeeper and cashier for the Clarke-Nickerson. Lumber Company, with which concern he remained for twenty-two years. During this period, in 1903, he was elected mayor of Everett, and again the following year. On December 1, 1923, he was elected city commissioner of Everett, in charge of public safety, having under his control the fire, police and health departments, and is devoting himself indefatigably to the discharge of the duties of his office. He is a man of persistent and determined action and maintains each department under his charge at the highest possible point of efficiency, it being generally acknowledged throughout the city that he is effecting an ideal administration. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 305 An evidence of his diligence and effectiveness is the fact that during the past year the amount of fines collected in Everett was more than doubled, while at the same time the public safety has been guarded in a manner that has won general commendation. Mr. Headlee was married, March 22, 1896, to Miss May Foss, who was born and reared in Snohomish, a daughter of Fred and Almira (Deering) Foss, who were pioneers of this county, having settled here in the early '70s. The father, who followed farming and logging for many years, is now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Headlee have been born the following children: Audrey, who is at home ; Thomas E., Jr., who is a state patrolman and lives in Everett, and who is married and has three children ; Fred Foss, at home ; Frank E., a student in high school; and Jeanne Yvonne. Politically Mr. Headlee has been a lifelong supporter of the democratic party and has maintained a deep interest in all public affairs. His fraternal relations are with the Improved Order of Red Men and the Woodmen of the World. Though of quiet and unobtrusive manner, he possesses a force of character that has enabled him to perform his full part in the affairs of life, his career being characterized by sterling integrity that has gained for him the unbounded confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens, regardless of politics, creed or profession. HARRY L. METZGER Harry L. Metzger, a veteran of the World war with an overseas record, secretary of the Everett Realty Board, an energetic and enteprising young realtor of Everett and one of the best known men in his line in Snohomish county, is a native son of Washington and his interests ever have centered here. He was born in the city of Olympia in 1893 and is a son of Eugene M. and Della M. (Smith) Metzger, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Pennsylvania. The father was one of Washington's veteran realtors, but is now living retired in Everett. Reared in Everett, to which place his parents had moved when he was a child, Harry L. Metzer was graduated from the high school there and when sixteen years of age entered the service of the wholesale establishment of the Pacific Grocery company and was thus employed when in the spring of 1917 this country entered the World war and called on its young men to prepare for army service. He enlisted in the heavy artillery and with the command to which he was attached was sent overseas, where he was in service for seven months. Upon his return to Everett he resumed his connection with the Pacific Grocery Company and was thus engaged until in 1922, when he became connected with his father's realty operations. In July, 1924, he bought E. W. Dearle's interest in the insurance and real estate business, which he has since been carrying alone as a general realtor, loan agent and insurance underwriter, being one of the best established young men in that line in this section of the state. Mr. Metzger is widely and well known in the realty trade throughout this section and for the past three years has been serving as secretary and treasurer of the Everett Realty Board. He is a republican, has ever given a good citizen's attention to local civic affairs, but has not been an aspirant for public office. On August 1, 1919, Mr. Metzger was united in marriage to Miss Madeleine Bertois, of Marysville, this county, and they have a daughter, Pauline M. They have a pleasant home at Everett and take a proper and helpful interest in the city's general social activities. Mr. Metzger is a member of the Masonic Order and both he and Mrs. Metzger are members of the Order of the Eastern Star. He is a member of the Earl Faulkner Post of the American Legion and of the Everett Lions Club and is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. During the time he has been engaged in the realty business in Everett he has created a distinct impression in that field and has come to be regarded as one of the leaders therein, a forward looking young man with unbounded confidence in the growth and development of the city in which his interests are gradually expanding to encouraging and gratifying proportions. EVERETT FRUIT PRODUCTS COMPANY One of the most prosperous and substantial business houses of Snohomish county is the Everett Fruit Products Company, which has had a most successful career and is now numbered among the important industrial concerns of this thriving city, in the prosperity of which it is an important factor. The Everett Fruit Products Company was organized in 1919, with the following officers : C. K. Malone, president and treasurer ; Ed. Rodenbush, vice president 306 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and secretary, and F. B. Wright, manager. Their plant, at Thirty-eighth and Smith streets, is the old brewery plant, which occupies an entire city block. The company is engaged in the canning of fruits and vegetables, under the "My-T-Fine" brand, also handling vinegar, the products being sold through brokers in every large city of the country. The plant has a capacity of three hundred and fifty thousand cases of canned goods a year and six hundred thousand gallons of vinegar. Five hundred people are employed in the plant in summer and sixty during the winter months, the payroll amounting to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars a year. The company buys three hundred thousand dollars' worth of fruit locally, principally berries, plums, prunes and cherries, and thus is in two ways a big asset to the people directly. Some time after the company began operating, Mr. Malone sold his interest in the concern to J. R. Hawkins, who was president for one year and who then sold his interest to A. G. Ribbeck, who is now vice president and general manager of the company. Mr. Rodenbush sold his interest to William Tirney, who in turn sold his stock to T. J. Hartley in 1923, and Mr. Hartley is now the treasurer. H. W. White also bought an interest in the business and is now president of the company, F. B. Wright being secretary. A. G. Ribbeck is a native of Hillsdale county, Michigan, born in 1878, and is a son of Frederick and Christina Ribbeck, the former of whom was a tailor by trade, and both of whom are now deceased. Our subject was given the advantage of a good public school education and then learned the art of telegraphy, which vocation he followed for two years. He then became assistant to the manager of the F. W. Stock & Sons Flour Mills and later became manager of these mills, holding that position thirteen years. In 1920 he came to Everett as manager of the Everett Flour Mill Company, which position he held for two years, at the end of which time he bought an interest in the Everett Fruit Products Company, to the interests of which he has devoted himself indefatigably and with effective results. In 1903 Mr. Ribbeck was married to Miss Punell DePuy, of Saline, Michigan, and they are the parents of a son, Gordon, now fourteen years of age. Politically Mr. Ribbeck gives his support to the republican party, and he keeps closely in touch with the leading questions of the day, on which he holds well defined opinions. He has long been an active member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. At the time that institution failed in 1922 he was president of the Everett Manufacturers Association, and he was then also made president of the Chamber of Commerce and succeeded in again establishing it on a solid foundation. He has remained deeply interested in the organization and has been a potent factor in its success. He is a man of mature judgment and foresight and is held in the highest regard among his business associates. GEORGE G. STARTUP George G. Startup, president of the Citizens Bank of Sultan, also figures prominently in industrial circles of Snohomish county as treasurer and manager of the Wallace Lumber & Manufacturing Company of Sultan. He was born June 14, 1865, in Maidstone, Kent county, England. His father, George Startup, a native of England, followed agricultural pursuits and about 1872 came with his wife and children to America, settling in Clay county, Illinois. In 1882 he removed with his family to Washington, making the trip by way of the Union Pacific to San Francisco and thence by steamer to Seattle, at which time that city had a population of only forty-five hundred people. In that locality he engaged in gardening and there spent his remaining days, passing away in 1891, at the age of eighty-two years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Frances Gibson and was a native of England, died at the same place. They became the parents of seven children, of whom George G. was the second in order of birth. When a little lad of but seven summers George G. Startup was brought by his parents to the new world and in the public schools of Illinois he pursued his education, attending during the winter months to the age of fifteen years. The succeeding year was spent upon his father's farm in Illinois, after which he started out to earn his own living. He was first employed by the Mattulath Manufacturing Company of Seattle in making barrels and staves, beginning at a wage of one dollar per day. From that humble start he has worked his way steadily upward. He afterward became connected with lumber interests and for ten years was with the Simson Mill Company at Ballard. During the greater part of this time he was foreman. He began business on his own account at Ballard in 1897 by establishing a sawmill which he operated on a small scale. From that point his business has developed to its present extensive and profitable proportions. After five months his plant was destroyed by fire and was an entire loss, necessitating starting all over again. In 1898 he located at the town of Wallace, Snohomish county, and was there associated with F. D. Black, C. H. Black of Seattle and A. H. Gould in the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 307 manufacture of lumber. The first two are still connected with Mr. Startup in the lumber manufacturing business. The second plant was also destroyed by fire and in March, 1916, the firm purchased the old established mill which had been operated under the name of the Sultan Lumber Company. The name has since been changed to the Wallace Lumber & Manufacturing Company and the present plant is located at Sultan, covering an area of fifteen acres and turning out eighty thousand feet of lumber and one hundred thousand shingles in an eight-hour day. Employment is furnished to two hundred men in the mill and the forests. Of the company, G. G. Startup is the president and manager, Leo. S. Black, the secretary, and J. C. Black, the treasurer. Mr. Startup has also extended his business connections in other directions, being one of the founders of the Citizens Bank of Sultan, which was established as a state bank in 1910 with a capital stock of ten thousand dollars. George G. Startup succeeded John F. Warner in the presidency and is still the executive head of the institution. The official position of cashier has been successively filled by C. J. Hutchinson, H. W. Shaw, F. W. Clark, W. M. Jenkins and William Campbell, who has remained the incumbent since 1920. The present directors of the bank are G. G. Startup, William M. Jenkins (vice president), E. G. Startup, B. A. Lund and William Campbell. Deposits are between two hundred and ninety and three hundred and fifty thousand dollars. It was in honor of George G. Startup that the name of the town of Wallace was changed to Startup, which has a population of four hundred and is where he makes his home. He has large property interests in the county and his business activities have been most extensive and important, contributing much to the substantial development of the d:strict in which he lives. On the 16th of July, 1893, in Seattle, Mr. Startup was united in marriage to Miss Lottie M. Scott, a native of Auburn, King county, Washington, which town was originally known as Slaughter and is situated on the Green river. Her father, Roswell Scott, who is now deceased, had the distinction of being chosen Chicago's first assessor. Making his way to the state of Washington in the '70s, he became an honored pioneer of Seattle, served as police judge for many years and was also the secretary of the Seattle & Walla Walla Railway, the first road in Seattle. He was widely known as a prominent and leading citizen. His widow, who bore the maiden name of Mary Isabel Marlin and was a native of New York, still survives and now makes her home with Mr. Startup. Our subject and his wife have two sons, namely : Kenneth S., born at Ballard on the 8th of May, 1894, who wedded Cleo Hess and resides at Sultan; and Elmer G., born at Ballard on the 10th of May, 1895, who married Miss Angeline Richie and resides at Snohomish with his wife and two children. Mr. Startup gives his political allegiance to the republican party and takes an active interest in both local and national politics. He served as a member of the city council for two terms and was mayor of Ballard for four terms, within which period he gave to the city a most public-spirited administration characterized by needed reform and progress. In Masonry he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and also belongs to the Eastern Star. He is also identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Rebekahs and along strictly social lines he has membership with the Metropolitan Club of Seattle, the Lumbermen's Club and the Cascade Club of Everett. A contemporary biographer said of him : "His work has brought substantial results in the upbuilding of the city along those lines which are a matter of civic virtue and civic pride, and at the same time he has maintained his position as a representative business man whose well directed efforts have placed him among the prosperous residents of his part of the state." A. A. BRODECK Macaulay has said : "The history of a community is best told in the lives of its people," and an important chapter in Everett's development is covered by the life record of A. A. Brodeck, who for thirty-five years has been a resident of the city. He is one of its pioneer merchants and has been a leader in every project for Everett's progress and betterment. He was born at Walla Walla, Washington, in 1858 and represents one of, the oldest families of the state. His parents, David and Henrietta (Hirsch) Brodeck, left Chicago in 1855 and made the long and perilous journey to the Pacific coast, settling in Washington. The father was long numbered among the leading farmers of Walla Walla county, and after his demise the mother moved to Everett, spending the remainder of her life with the subject of this sketch. When a youth of fourteen A. A. Brodeck became associated in business with his brother, 308 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Henry Brodeck, who was one of the first photographers in Washington, and tintypes were then in use. At the age of eighteen A. A. Brodeck entered the employ of Goldman Brothers, of Walla Walla, in the capacity of roustabout and was later promoted to the position of clerk, subsequently becoming manager of the business of the firm. As a young man he joined the militia of Washington and participated in the Nez Perce Indian war as a lieutenant of Company N. In 1889, when Seattle was devastated by fire, the company was sent to aid the stricken city and Lieuteuant Brodeck was in command of the troops. Having a half day's leave of absence, he investigated business conditions and later returned to the city as manager of a clothing store. He was afterward in Tacoma and had charge of an establishment owned by the London & Liverpool Clothing Company. He came to Everett, February 13, 1891, as manager for the United States Clothing Company, which opened the first store in the city, securing a location on Hewitt avenue between Walnut and Maple streets. In 1893 he started the Stein & Brodeck clothing store in the Dorchester building and later moved to the present site of the Brewster cigar store. The venture proved a failure and in order to regain a foothold Mr. Brodeck solicited orders for suits and coats, devoting eight months to that work. With the financial backing of W. G. Swalwell, president of the First National Bank, he was able to resume his mercantile operations and secured space in the Realty building, paying twenty dollars per month for the store and five rooms on the second floor. He prospered in the undertaking and in 1896 obtained more commodious quarters at No. 1701 Hewitt avenue, occupying a building twenty by sixty feet in dimensions. This he afterward enlarged, converting it into a two-story structure fifty by one hundred and fifty feet in extent. While in the Realty building he conducted The Yellow Kid store and in 1926 moved to the Central building. The store is fifty by one hundred and fifty feet in dimensions and contains a mezzanine floor as well as a daylight basement. Mr. Brodeck carries a large stock of high grade merchandise, displayed to the best advantage, and his establishment would do credit to a city of metropolitan proportions. It is conducted along up-to-date lines and reflects the progressive spirit of the owner, who has won the confidence and support of the public by judicious advertising and honest dealing. Mr. Brodeck was united in marriage to Miss Freya Saxon, of Denver, Colorado, and they have become the parents of three children : Fred, who will enter the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1927 ; Alberta, who was born in 1917, and for three years has been a student of the harp, displaying considerable musical talent ; and Henrietta. Mr. Brodeck is a Knights Templar Mason and for four years has been president of the local Business Men's Association. He was the chief executive of the Commercial Club for three terms and also belongs to the Cascade Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He is an adherent of the republican party and was a member of the charter commission, also becoming commissioner of public safety. He laid the first sidewalk in Everett and has witnessed notable changes as the years have passed. Mr. Brodeck has always manifested an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good, and his record constitutes an inspiring example of good citizenship. JOHN C. REINKE Herewith is presented the record of one who has outstripped the less active plodders on the highway of life—one who has made of his obstacles stepping stones to higher things, and at the same time that he has been winning his way in material affairs has also gained a reputation for uprightness and honor. John C. Reinke, who enjoys a widespread and well merited reputation as a successful farmer and berry grower, is a native of Poinsett county, Arkansas, born in 1878, and is a son of Fred and Sophie Reinke, both of whom were natives of Germany. The father, who was born near Hamburg, was a farmer by vocation. He located at Danville, Illinois, on his arrival in this country and engaged in farming, which he carried on there for fourteen years. He then moved to Poinsett county, Arkansas, which was his home for sixteen years, or until 1889, when he came to Washington, locating at Endicott, Whitman county, where he acquired a tract of prairie land and engaged in the raising of wheat. In 1909 he came to the place now occupied by our subject, where he lived until his death, which occurred in 1920. He is survived by his widow, who now makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Fred Hereth, near Snohomish. John C. Reinke secured a good public school education and remained with his father until his marriage, when he started out on his own account at Endicott. When he first came to Snohomish county, in 1909, lie bought nineteen acres of land, to which he later added ten acres by purchase. The land had been logged, but was badly encumbered with stumps and brush, and a vast amount of hard work was required in getting it cleared, but all is now HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 309 cleared excepting about eight acres. While he has to some extent carried on general farming, he has given special attention to the raising of berries and cherries, in both of which lines he has attained more than ordinary success. He has sixteen acres in berries, mainly raspberries, though there are also one and a half acres of strawberries and a half acre of Texas blackberries and black raspberries. There are four hundred cherry trees, carefully cultivated and in good bearing, and Mr. Reinke is also giving some attention to the chicken business, in which he intends to engage more extensively in the near future. He is methodical and thorough in everything that he does, follows up-to-date ideas and is indefatigable in his efforts, so that he is eminently deserving of his splendid success. In 1899, at Endicott, Washington, Mr. Reinke was married to Miss Christina Repp, who was born in Kansas, a daughter of Henry and Annie (Klewend) Repp, both of whom were natives of Russia, the father being of Polish-German stock. These parents came to the United States in 1870, locating in Kansas, where the father took up a homestead. They are now living in Spokane, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Reinke have been born eleven children, seven of whom are living: Albert C., at home ; John A., of Roosevelt, Klickitat county, who is married and has two children ; Dora M., who died at the age of fourteen years ; Emma M., who is employed at Everett ; Robert F., who is unmarried and lives with his brother John ; Marie and Annie, who died in infancy ; Elizabeth, at home ; Ella, in school ; Herman, who died when one day old; and Fred, in school. Mr. Reinke enjoys the distinction of being the largest raiser of berries in the vicinity of Snohomish. He has been very active in his cooperation with his fellow berry growers, and he was a member of the committee appointed last year to sell the united crop of the growers of this district. As a result, they received ten cents a pound for their crop, as against eight cents received the year previous. In all matters affecting the general public good he has taken a commendable interest and has at all times stood for the best things in community life. SAMUEL J. PRIEBE With diligence and determination as his dominant traits, Samuel J. Priebe has steadily progressed, never losing sight of his objective, and is now numbered among the substantial business men of Everett. He was born in Wausau, Marathon county, Wisconsin, in 1880, and is a son of Julius and Julia (Maas) Priebe, who are still residents of that town. The mother was born in Wisconsin and her father, Gustave Maas, was one of the pioneer settlers of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Priebe were married June 27, 1877, and to their union were born eleven children, seven sons and four daughters, all of whom are living. In the acquirement of an education Samuel J. Priebe attended the parochial and public schools of Wausau and afterward mastered the art of book binding. In 1902, when twenty-two years of age, he came to Everett but later worked in various cities on the Pacific coast, becoming very proficient in his trade. In 1917 he purchased the book-binding department of the business of the Everett Printing Company and it is now operated under his own name. He has a highly specialized knowledge of the business, which has constituted his life work, and that he is a capable executive is demonstrated by the success of the undertaking. In 1906 Mr. Priebe married Miss Lena Jessen, of Everett, and four children were born to them but Lawrence died at the age of five years. The others are Leona, Dorothy and Frederick. Politically Mr. Priebe is not bound by party ties but casts his ballot for those men and measures that he deems will best conserve the public weal. He belongs to the Kiwanis Club and along fraternal lines is connected with the Knights of Pythias. He is deeply interested in every- • thing that touches the welfare and progress of his community and has many friends whom he has gained by a life of industry and rightly directed endeavor. FRANK H. SCHOFIELD Frank H. Schofield has long been one of the respected and influential citizens of Snohomish county. A man of forceful individuality and marked initiative power, he is well equipped for the larger duties of life, while his probity of character and his genial personality and obliging nature have gained for him the esteem and friendship of his fellow citizens of Everett, where he is operating the first-established machine shop in that locality. Mr. Schofield was born in Iosco county, Michigan, in 1877, and is a son of Fred and Anna (Crippen) Schofield, who came to Everett in 1892. At that time the father brought his 310 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY machine shop and foundry equipment here from Michigan, where he had been engaged in that business, and was the first to establish a complete machine shop in Everett. He ran it successfully for many years, or until 1923, and his death occurred in February, 1925. He is survived by his widow, who still resides in this city. Frank H. Schofield received a good public school education, completing his studies after coming to Everett, and subsequently engaged in railroad work, which he followed for three years. He then entered his father's machine shop, where he has remained continuously since, having taken over the business on the retirement of his father. He is an expert machinist, and through his close attention to business and his painstaking efforts to turn out nothing but the highest quality of work from his shop he has not only built up a large and prosperous business but has gained the confidence and good will of all who have had dealings with him. On October 30, 1899, Mr. Schofield was married to Miss Hattie Swain, who is a native of Illinois, and they are the parents of three children, namely ; Helen, the wife of Bert Sovide, of Everett ; and Clara and Lawrence. In his political views M -. Schofield is in harmony with the republican party and keeps in close touch with public affairs, supporting all measures advanced for the betterment of the community. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Schofield possesses an agreeable disposition and is gentlemanly and courteous in all his relations with his fellowmen, who appreciate his worth. ROBERT J. STRETCH Few men attain to positions of leadership, the great majority being followers. In human achievement, however, it is the leader who makes for progress, who organizes and marshals forces to success. In this c:assification belongs Robert J. Stretch, who has attained widespread prominence in the field of merchandising. He operates a chain of stores in north-weste n Washington and maintains his headquarters in Monroe, where he also operates a large feed mill. He possesses executive ability of a high order and his prosperity is doubly creditable because it has been attained by honorable methods and solely through the medium of his own efforts. Mr. Stretch was born August 18, 1877, in Lansing, Michigan, and is a son of. J. F. and Sarah Stretch, who migrated to Washington in 1883, establishing their home in Snohomish, where the father died April 19, 1925. His uncle, Captain Benjamin Stretch, came to the Puget Sound country in the '70s and was one of the early lumbermen of this region, devoting his attention to the logging industry. On July 4, 1883, Robert J. Stretch was taken by his parents over the trail to the present townsite of Monroe and the feed mill stands on land which his father entered as a homestead, while the ground on which the warehouse is situated was formerly used as a sheep pasture. Educational facilities were very limited in those early days and Mr. Stretch was the only white pupil in the local school during one term, the others being half-breeds. The course of instruct:on ended with the fifth grade, but through subsequent reading and study he has remedied this deficiency and is well informed on many subjects. He earned his first money by working in the lumber and mining industries and later was a clerk in a grocery store. In 1904 he decided to go into business for himself and took over the Russell Hotel, which he conducted for five years. On December 8, 1914 he became the proprietor of a small grocery sto on Lewis street in Monroe, and in April, 1916, broadened the scope of his activities by the addition of a store at Tolt, but disposed of the latter establishment in 1918. He was joined by his brother, C. E. Stretch, and Everett, Allen and Mervin McDougall, who have since been his assoc'ates, aiding him in the upbuilding of the business, which is conducted under the style of the R. J. Stretch Company. In 1920 they opened a store at Sultan and later took over the grocery department of the Warner & Sons establishment, to which they moved their stock. In June, 1921, they purchased the business of Hall & Lund at Startup and in September, 1924, started another store at Monroe, adopting the "cash and carry" plan. In May, 1925, they acquired the Hare store in Skykomish and in the same year purchased the business of the Grange Warehouse Company at Duvall. They are the owners of six stores, some of which carry a general stock of merchandise, and all handle groceries. In Monroe they recently constructed a cement warehouse with a full basement, and the building is fifty-four by sixty feet in dimensions. This is the distribution plant and seven trucks are utilized for delivery purposes. The main store at Monroe is fifty by one hundred and twenty-five feet in extent, and the company has another warehouse which is seventy-five by one hundred and twenty-five feet in dimensions. No town of similar size in the state can boast of a finer warehouse, and the feed mill is thirty by sixty ROBERT J. STRETCH HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 313 feet in dimensions. The Great Northern and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Companies have extended spur tracks to the mill and warehouse, and the firm is thus provided with excellent shipping facilities. The company manufactures nine varieties of stock and poultry feed and deals in hay, grain and feed of all kinds. Its products are known as "Stretch's High Grade Dairy & Poultry Feeds" and the output of the mill is distributed over a wide area. During the first year of its existence the company transacted a business of fifty thousand dollars and the sales for 1925 amounted to four hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Stretch closely supervises each detail of the business, knowing that in this age of strong competition every point must be carefully safeguarded, and is keenly alive to every new avenue opened in the natural ramifications of the trade. He has created an industry of magnitude, ever keeping pace with the constantly changing conditions of modern commerce, and a fitting example of the possibilities of this section is utilized to their fullest extent. In 1902 Mr. Stretch was united in marriage to Miss Olive Frances McDougall, a niece of J. B. McDougall, senior member of the firm of McDougall & Southwick, engaged in business in Seattle. Her parents, Allan and Mary Jane McDougall, came to Snohomish county in 1877 and settled near the present site of Monroe. Her father purchased a homestead right and the property is now known as Park Place. To Mr. and Mrs. Stretch have been born three children, but the son died in infancy and a daughter, Gertrude, died at the age of twelve years. The only one now living is Mildred, who is attending high school. Mr. Stretch is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Loyal Order of Moose. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and was the first town clerk of Monroe. He has served on the town council and exerts his efforts as readily for the public welfare as for his own aggrandizement. A man of large affairs and forceful personality, Mr. Stretch has aided in pushing forward the wheels of progress in the Pacific northwest, and his life history is written in terms of success and honor. JAMES E. SIPPRELL James E. Sipprell, one of Washington's loyal sons, is thoroughly imbued with western energy and determination, and these qualities have brought him to the fore in business circles of Everett as a member of the firm of Kinney Brothers & Sipprell, dealers in musical instruments. He was born September 26, 1888, ill Snohomish, Washington, a son of James N. and Jane (Smith) Sipprell, who were natives of the province of New Brunswick, Canada. His father was born in the town of Hartland and as a young man came to Washington, locating in Seattle early in the '80s. He was married in that city and in 1888 moved to Snohomish, where he built and operated the Columbia Lodging House. He went to Alaska in 1897 and spent two years in that country, returning later for a period of seven years as manager of the business of the North American Transportation & Trading Company. He is now living with his two daughters in San Diego, California, but the mother passed away in 1922. James E. Sipprell attended the grammar schools of Snohomish and Arlington and was graduated from the Everett high school. He obtained a position with the Sherman-Clay Company and was with that firm from 1908 until 1910. He was next a student in the law department of the University of Washington, and was graduated with the class of 1914. He took a leading part in athletic sports, playing on the football team, and was also physical director. After leaving the State University he went to Tacoma, Washington, as physical director of the Stadium high school. During the following year he filled a similar position in the Broadway high school at Seattle and in 1917 re-entered the employ of the Shermaia-Clay Company. In March, 1918, he aided A. H. and W. H. Kinney in organizing the present business and has since been a member of the firm of Kinney Brothers & Sipprell. He is well informed on all matters pertaining to the trade, and his intelligently directed labors have been essential to the success of the firm. They are dealers in pianos, phonographs and radio sets and enjoy the distinction of controlling the largest music house in the state outside of Seattle. They have twenty-one employes and their annual sales now exceed two hundred thousand dollars. In 1914 Mr. Sipprell married Miss Palma Lee, a daughter of P. T. Lee, formerly auditor of Snohomish county and now a resident of Everett. The children of this union are James and Arthur, twins, aged ten years and Jean, who is six years old. Mr. Sipprell retains his interest in outdoor sports and is the possessor of a fine physique. He is a Rotarian and was vice president of the local club in 1925. He is a member of the Young Men's Christian Association and along fraternal lines is identified with the Masons and 314 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and is in hearty sympathy with every worthy civic project. Mr. Sipprell is a young man of progressive spirit, highly esteemed in business circles of Everett, and his personality is one that inspires respect, confidence and friendship. 0. E. THOMPSON The standing of a community depends largely upon the character of those who represent it in official capacities and Stanwood is fortunate in having as its mayor a man of the type of O. E. Thompson, who has forcibly demonstrated his fitness for the position, while he also enjoys an enviable reputation as a financier. He was born December 29, 1870, in Winona, Minnesota, and is a son of 0. E. and Marie Thompson. His father learned the painter's trade, which he followed for many years, and is now residing in Alabama, but the mother is deceased. The younger 0. E. Thompson received a public school education, and his first knowledge of the banking business was obtained in Minnesota. He went from that state to North Dakota, living for a time at Grand Forks, and afterward entered the First National Bank at Langdon, North Dakota. For fourteen years he acted as cashier of that institution and in 1916 came to northwestern Washington. He has since been cashier of the Bank of Stanwood, the oldest financial institution in the town, and brings to the discharge of his duties broad experience in financial matters. His work is performed with efficiency and conscientiousness and his well known probity makes his services invaluable to the bank. In 1892 Mr. Thompson was united in marriage to Miss Edna B. Burley, whose acquaintance he formed while a resident of North Dakota, and both are popular in social circles of the town. Mr. Thompson is a Knights Templar and Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and has taken the thirty-second degree in the order. He is also an Elk. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party, and in the fall election of 1924 he was called to the mayoralty, taking office January 5, 1925. He wisely administers the affairs of the municipality and his work has been highly commended, being directed at all times by a loyal and sincere regard for the people's interests. Fidelity to duty is one of Mr. Thompson's outstanding qualities, and his genuine worth has won for him the unqualified respect and esteem of all with whom he has been associated. CLIFFORD F. A. SAUNDERS, D. 0., D. C., S. P. Dr. Clifford F. A. Saunders, a man of cosmopolitan training and experience and wide scientific learning, maintains an office in Everett and enjoys an enviable reputation as a sani-practic physician. He was born at Bloemfontein, South Africa, in 1890, and his parents, Arthur and Martha (Trollip) Saunders, were natives of England. They went as pioneers to South Africa and both passed away in that country. The father was in the service of the British government and filled the position of accountant, also acting as railway storekeeper. Dr. Saunders completed a course in Grey College of South Africa in 1907, and his initial experience along medical lines was acquired in hospitals maintained for the miners in the Goldfields district. He was thus engaged for seven years and then made the voyage to the United States. He was in Chicago in 1915 and afterward went to England and then to South Africa. He enlisted and served in the British Royal Army Medical Corps in France. He was awarded the King's service medal for services rendered. He was invalided out in 1916 and in 1917 was graduated from the American College of Mechano-Therapy and Chiropractic. Dr. Saunders went to the Belgian Congo in Central Africa and for three years was a hospital superintendent. Returning to Chicago, he entered the American University of Chiropractic and completed his course in 1921. He took post-graduate work in the National College of Chiropractic and the Eclectic College of Chiropractic. In 1922 he received a diploma from the American College of Osteopathy and in the same year was graduated from the Lindlahr College of Natural Therapeutics. Dr. Saunders has been licensed to practice in the states of Illinois and Washington as a sanipractic physician and has since engaged in general practice in Everett, a liberal clientele being evidence of the confidence reposed in his skill as a sani-practic physician and herbalist. This method of combating disease was legalized by the state legislature of Washington in the session of 1919. It has been in actual practice and successful use during the greater portion of the past one hundred years in the United States, and even more so in the European countries, but has only recently come into its own as a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 315 crystallized and distinct system. Sanitation is the basic principle of sanipractic—sanitation of mind, body and environment. It represents the highest type of scientific attainment in prophylactic and therapeutic advancement and is an effective, up-to-date method of preventing, correcting and relieving the various ailments affecting humanity. At Vancouver, British Columbia, Dr. Saunders was united in marriage to Miss Ruth Celeste Thomas, a professional nurse and formerly a resident of South Africa. The Doctor is a Mason and his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He belongs to the Lions Club and the Security Benefit Association. He is a member of the Electro-Therapeutical Association, the American Naturopathic Association and the Sanipractic Association, and is an able and progressive exponent of his profession. Although young in years, Dr. Saunders has traveled extensively, visiting many parts of the world, and views life from a broad outlook. He is actuated by high ideals of service and through intensive study and practical experience is constantly augmenting his knowledge and enhancing his skill. JAMES P. PETERSON James P. Peterson has led an eminently active and busy life and has attained a position of relative distinction in the community with which his interests are allied. He was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin, on the 2nd of March, 1863, and is a son of Lois and Sena Peterson, both of whom are deceased. The father was a farmer by vocation, and our subject was reared to the life of an agriculturist. He received a public school education and remained in Wisconsin until September, 1894, when he came to Everett, Washington. Soon afterward he located near Snohomish, where he operated a ranch for twenty-three years. During this same period he was closely and actively identified with the shingle business, first as an employe and later as an owner, having an interest in the Clark & Peterson mill. In 1923 he sold his interests there and bought fifty-three acres of land near Locksloy, where he has since been engaged in general farming and dairying. He has a well improved ranch, is devoting himself closely to its operation and is numbered among the successful farmers of his locality. Mr. Peterson has been married three times—first to Miss Clara Fetch, who is deceased. To them was born a son, Lois, who is assisting his father on the home farm. For his second wife Mr. Peterson chose Miss Neva Boen, who also passed away, and later he was married to Miss Ida Rotze, who is a native of Wisconsin. They have four children, namely : Walter, who resides in Snohomish, and Ward, Elmer and Sena, who are at home. Mr. Peterson has been loyal and true in every relation of life and has so ordered his actions as to win the unbounded respect and good will of his fellow citizens. LAWRENCE KANE Alert, energetic and determined. Lawrence Kane has recognized and utilized his opportunities and as the senior partner of a large printing firm he fills an important place in the business life of Everett. He was born in Midland, Michigan, in 1880 and was twelve years of age when his parents, M. E. and Elizabeth (Sanborn) Kane, settled in the Yakima valley of Washington. There the father spent the remainder of his life, developing a fine ranch, and the mother now resides in Marshfield, Oregon. Mr. Kane attended the public schools of Michigan and Washington and also completed a course in a business college. He came to Everett in 1900 and for some time was local representative of the International Correspondence Schools. In 1908 he entered the printing business in association with W. D. Harcus and their first location was at No. 1608 Hewitt avenue. In 1912 they moved to the Commerce building, where they now have a splendidly equipped plant. The Kane & Harcus Company publishes lumber lists, catalogs, booklets, direct mail advertising literature and manufacture water-proof tally books. The company has paid out, in round numbers, one-half of a million dollars for wages du-ing the past ten years, or approximately two thousand dollars a month, to an average of fifteen employes who are supporting families in Everett. Most of this money has been brought into Everett from other parts of the northwest and some from every state in the union. The business has been closely allied with the northwest lumber industry, publishing lists and forms that are used by every lumber dealer in the United States. Mr. Kane has been active in other enterprises that 316 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY have contributed to the growth of the northwest. He is a major stockholder and an officer of the Red Rock Creameries, operating four plants on the Pacific coast. In 1915 Mr. Kane was united in marriage to Miss Mary Harcus, of Everett, and they now have two sons, Donald and James. In politics Mr. Kane is non-partisan, voting according to the dictates of his judgment, and his public spirit finds expression in his affiliation with the Chamber of Commerce, which is one of the most important factors in the development of Everett. CHARLES H. LELAND Though the career of Charles H. Leland has not been such as to gain for him a widespread reputation or place him in the public eye, lie has been true to the trusts reposed in him, has shown such attributes of character as to entitle him to the regard of all and has been useful in his particular sphere of action, winning the confidence and regard of all with whom he has conic in contact. A native of the state of Ohio, his birth occurred October 13, 1874, and he is a son of H. S. and Mary (Hobart) Leland. The father, who was a native of Vermont, was engaged in the mercantile business for many years and finally moved to Michigan, where his death occurred. Charles H. Leland secured his educational training in the public schools of Ohio and Michigan, and lived in the latter state from 1884 to 1899. After leaving school he started out to make his own way in the world, working at various occupations and being employed in grocery stores, mills and other lines of business. In 1899 he came to Washington, locating at Mount Vernon, Skagit county, where he was employed in a mill for two or three years. He then went to Bellingham, Whatcom county, where he was engaged in the grocery business for about ten years, at the end of which time he came to Snohomish and, with two associates, embarked in the automobile business, having a repair shop in connection. In 1922 Mr. Leland sold his interest in that business and located on his present place, to the clearing of which he at once addressed his efforts. The land was badly encumbered with brush and stumps and much hard work was entailed in the process of clearing, but in the course of time he got it in good shape, and here he is now successfully engaged in the chicken business. He had previously had some experience in poultry raising and, being satisfied that it was a practicable enterprise, decided to go into it on a larger scale. He now keeps twelve hundred laying hens of the White Leghorn breed, and Hollywood strain. He has put up a splendid residence and fine chicken houses, and is well prepared to handle the business so as to insure the best results. He specializes in baby chicks, trap nested stock and hatching eggs. All of his hens are fowls with a record of over two hundred eggs, and one of his hens laid three hundred and eleven eggs in three hundred and sixty-five days. He is prepared and expects to sell about fifteen thousand day-old chicks in the spring. In 1898, in Michigan, Mr. Leland was married to Miss Nora Fisher, of Indiana, a daughter of John and Jane (Hammade) Fisher, the former of whom was a native of England. The Hammade family were farming people in Kentucky in early days, but prior, to the Civil war they disposed of their slaves there and moved to Illinois, where they established their permanent home, and there Mrs. Leland's mother was born and reared. Mrs. Leland has proven a true helpmate to her husband, giving him every possible assistance and encouragement in his business. He possesses good judgment and untiring energy, and the success which is crowning his efforts has been well merited. He is a busy man, but not so busy but that he gives a good citizen's attention to the affairs of the community, cooperating in all movements for the advancement of the public welfare along material, civic or moral lines. WILLIAM D. HARCUS Thoroughly imbued with the spirit of enterprise, William D. Harcus has advanced far beyond the ranks of mediocrity, taking his place with the leading business men of Everett, and his expert knowledge of the art of printing has won for him more than local prominence. He was born in Elgin, Illinois, in 1886, and when a boy of six years was brought to Oregon by his parents, James and Margaret (Ross) Harcus. His father was an earnest Christian and devoted his life to the ministry. In 1904 he came to Everett, where he passed away in 1908, but his widow is still a resident of the city. After his graduation from high school William D. Harcus secured a position with the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 317 Knisley Printing Company of Everett and in their plant acquired valuable experience. He was subsequently in the employ of local newspapers and in 1908 decided upon an independent venture. He was joined by Lawrence Kane and their combined efforts have resulted in the development of an extensive business, conducted under the style of the Kane & Harcus Company. They issue catalogs, booklets, etc., and everything that indicates progress in the "art preservative" is to be found in their establishment. Mr. Kane has charge of the outside work and Mr. Harcus handles the printing. He closely supervises every detail of the work and broad experience enables him to conduct the business without loss of time, labor or material. He maintains a high standard of efficiency in the operation of the plant and its output is unexcelled in quality. In 1920 Mr. Harcus was united in marriage to Miss Jean Ramsay, of Victoria, British Columbia, and they now have three children : Beth, Ross Ramsay and Mary. Mr. Harcus is one of the influential members of the Chamber of Commerce and in politics is a republican but votes independently on local questions. He is a fine type of the modern business man, and his course has at all times marked him as a citizen of worth. NATHAN CARPENTER Nathan Carpenter has come to be recognized as an authority on poultry, having been for a number of years actively engaged in the breeding and raising of purebred stock, and has attained well merited success in that line of effort. He was bo-n in Howell county, Missouri, on the 5th of June 1870, and is a son of Ira and Isabel (Holden) Carpenter. In 1882, when he was twelve years old, the family came to Spokane, Washington, where they remained about a year, and then moved to Renton. In 1887 they came to Snohoynish county and took up a homestead two miles from the north end of Lake Roesiger, the land being wild and unimproved, while there were neither roads nor trails in their immediate locality. Our subject and his father cleared part of the place and put it into cultivation, and here the father spent his remaining years, dying in 1921, in the ninetieth year of his age. The mother also is deceased. Nathan Carpenter received the advantage of a public school education, and he remained on the homestead with his father until 1898, when he engaged in the meat business at Machias. In 1908 he added a grocery store, and carried on these two departments with marked success until July, 1924, when the store and contents were destroyed by fire. Some years ago Mr. Carpenter bought thirteen and a half acres of land near Machias and there engaged in the poultry business, in which he has gained a widespread reputation. He raises Barred Plymouth Rock and White Leghorn chickens, all being pedigreed stock, and during the past several years he has won practically all the first and second prizes at poultry shows where he has entered his poultry. In 1898 Mr. Carpenter was united in marriage to Miss Daisy Andrus, who passed away in 1910. She was born and reared at Machias, a daughter of Horace and Matilda (Parker) Andrus, who were pioneers of Snohomish county, being among the first to settle at Machias. To Mr. and Mrs. Carpenter were born two children : Hazel Isabel, the wife of Irwin Riddle, who is engaged in farming near the home place ; and Carl. Mr. Carpenter is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a man of fine personal qualities, genial and friendly in his social relations, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is held in high esteem. LEWIS W. BRIDGEFORD With efficiency as his watchword, Lewis W. Bridgeford has steadily progressed, never fearing that laborious effort which must always precede ascendancy, and he is now numbered among the prosperous business men of Everett. He was born August 19, 1882, in Jefferson, Iowa, and his parents, George E. and Della Bridgeford, have passed away. He received a public school education and then served an apprenticeship to the lather's trade, afterward becoming a lineman. He first visited Seattle, Washington, in 1903, subsequently making several trips to the city. In 1919 he came to Everett and for two years was in the employ of the Puget Sound Telephone Company. He then organized the Home Supply Company and has since conducted the business, which is located at 2812 Rockefeller avenue. He handles fruit juices and syrups, in fact everything used in preparing soft drinks, and also operates a canning 318 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY department. He sells only to the retail trade and has carefully planned the business, which is wisely managed. His output is pure and wholesome and finds a ready market. In 1909 Mr. Bridgeford was united in marriage to Miss Edna Quigley, of Scranton, Iowa, and they have three daughters : Opal Irene, Georgia Alberta and Gertrude Pauline. Mr. Bridge-ford is connected with the Knights of Security and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is nonpartisan in politics and stands for progress, reform and improvement in public affairs. He loyally supports all projects for the good of the community with which he has allied his interests and is esteemed by Everett's business men, who are thoroughly cognizant of his good qualities. JOHN B. CARLSON Snohomish county has become the scene of labor for many men of Scandinavian origin, and they have become true and loyal citizens of the republic, stanchly supporting our institutions and contributing to the improvement and general prosperity of the communities where they have located. Among those who have settled in the vicinity of Everett is John B. Carlson, who was born in Norway on the 24th of October, 1865, a son of Carl and Carrie (Olson) Carlson. His parents came to the United States in 1893, locating in Wisconsin, where the mother's death occurred and where the father is still living, well advanced in years. John B. Carlson was reared under the parental roof and attended the schools of his home neighborhood. In 1891 he came to this country, locating first in Minnesota, where he was employed for about a year, moving then to Wisconsin. He remained in that state until 1898, when he went to North Dakota and took up a homestead. This lie improved and devoted himself to its operation until 1909, when he moved to Alta, Canada, and took up a homestead, on which he lived about ten years. In 1919 Mr. Carlson came to Snohomish county and bought ten acres of land in the Sunnyside district, east of Everett. This was stump land, but he now has the tract cleared and has created a splendid farm home, the improvements including a good house and other substantial buildings. He has planted a considerable acreage to strawberries and also. has a nice flock of laying hens, in both of which lines of effort he is meeting with very marked success. In 1904 Mr. Carlson was united in marriage to Miss Lena Olson, who also is a native of Norway, and they are the parents of three children, as follows : Signa, who is the wife of Alvin Goodharp ; and Clara and Olga, who are at home. In his political views Mr. Carlson is aligned with the republican party. He is a man of great energy and indomitable industry, possessing the persistency of purpose and the commendable thrift so essential to success. FRED D. HUME Fred D. Hume, an expert mechanic who conducts a repair shop in Snohomish, is a native son of the golden west and represents one of the pioneer families of Washington. He was born November 11, 1884, in Tacoma, Washington, and his parents were David and Mary E. (Lathrop) Hume, the latter a native of California. The maternal grandfather, George Lathrop, fought in the Mexican war, and in 1849 went to California in search of gold, making the voyage around Cape Horn. He came to Washington in the '50s, locating near the present site of Olympia, and was one of the pioneer loggers of that district. David Hume, a Canadian, was born in the province of Nova Scotia and settled in Washington in the '60s. He embarked in the fishing business at Tacoma and shipped the first carload of frozen salmon to Chicago. He went to Alaska in 1897 and spent two years in that country, continuing his fishing operations. In 1899 he returned to Washington and lived retired in Snohomish for many years. He passed away in California in July, 1923. His widow still resides in Snohomish. Fred D. Hume was graduated from the high school at Snohomish and afterward mastered the machinist's trade, which he followed for a time in Seattle, Washington, later going to Alaska. On his return to Snohomish he entered the automobile business in partnership with A. G. Neil, opening a general repair and machine shop at 1306 First street. They purchased the building, which has a frontage of seventy-two feet and is one hundred and twenty-eight feet deep. Since its inception the business has enjoyed a steady growth, and Mr. Hume also operates a blacksmith shop, displaying initiative, foresight and executive ability in the conduct of his affairs. In 1908 Mr. Hume married Miss Ivy Florence Spurrell, who was born in Snohomish, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 319 She is a daughter of Harry Spurrell, an Englishman, who cast in his lot with the early settlers of Snohomish and is now living retired. The children of this union are Norman and Mary. Mr. Hume is without party bias, maintaining an independent course in politics, and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias. He has focused his energies upon the attainment of a definite end, never losing sight of his objective, and his reward has been commensurate with his industry and ability. He takes a deep interest in everything that touches the welfare and progress of the community and is highly esteemed by his fellow citizens. OLE T. BERG Among those who have been instrumental in advancing the business interests of Everett, and who stand as types of the self-made man, specific mention should be made of Ole T. Berg, one of the owners of The Fulton Market and a man of enterprise and progressive spirit, who has made a favorable impression on the people of this community. Mr. Berg was born in Bergen, Norway, on the 25th of December, 1877, and is a son of Ole and Alice (Fossey) Berg, farming folk of that country, and both of whom are deceased. He attended the public schools of his native land and then learned the meat business. On coming to the United States he first located in Sioux City, Iowa, where he remained about a year, and then, in 1902, he came to Everett, where he was employed in meat shops. Later he was similarly employed in Stanwood and Parkland and next went to Monroe, where for eight years he worked for C. F. Elwell. In 1916 Mr. Berg came back to Everett and went to work for 0. W. Johnson. Soon afterward he bought an interest in the business, which was incorporated in 1918 under the name of The Fulton Market, of which Mr. Johnson is president and Mr. Berg vice president, secretary and manager. Under his able direction, the business is steadily increasing in volume, and it is conceded to be one of the best meat markets in the city. In 1922 Mr. Berg was united in marriage to Mrs. Augusta Johnson, of Everett. Politically Mr. Berg is aligned with the republican party and takes a commendable interest in public affairs. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is a popular member of the social circles in which he moves. He is generous in his support of all worthy benevolent objects and stands for the best things in the life of the community. Because of his earnest life and his splendid business record he has won and retains a high place in the business circles of this city. HENRY SPURRELL Henry Spurrell, one of the venerable citizens of Snohomish, has lived in northwestern Washington for more than sixty years, and his labors have constituted a vital force in the development of the natural resources of this region. A native of England, he was born in the city of Portsmouth, February 2, 1843, and when a young man of twenty-one came to the Puget Sound country, settling in Island county, Washington, in 1864. He moved to Snohomish county in the spring of 1866 and took up a homestead, securing a valuable timber claim. He also preempted all of the land obtainable and was engaged in ranching for many years. He was among the first to enter the logging industry in this section of the state, and success attended all of his undertakings. Having amassed a comfortable competence, he built a substantial home in Snohomish and since 1890 has lived retired. He experienced the hardships and privations of frontier life and all that he now possesses has been won by hard work and good management. On October 15, 1873, Mr. Spurrell married Miss Sarah Martin, who was born in Kent, England, and came to Snohomish county when this district was a wilderness far removed from civilization. Mrs. Spurrell was called to her final rest January 18, 1921, and left a family of five. children : Harry F., whose home is in Raymond, Washington ; Amy, now Mrs. N. W. Thurlow, of Seattle ; William Martin, a resident of Snohomish ; Grace, who married C. G. Jones, of Seattle ; and Ivy Florence, the wife of Fred D. Hume, a well known business man of Snohomish. Mr. Spurrell is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and belongs to the lodge and encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He votes independently, never following the dictates of party leaders, and his influence has always been on the side 320 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of progress, reform and improvement. He served at one time on the city council but has never been a politician, caring little for the honors and emoluments of public office. Mr. Spurrell has reached the ripe age of eighty-three years, and his conversation spans the past in interesting reminiscences. He has fulfilled every duty and obligation in life to the best of his ability, and as one of Washington's pioneer settlers he is widely known and universally honored and respected. ANDREW GEORGE NEIL Alert, enterprising and capable, Andrew George Neil has made rapid progress in the business world, and as one of the owners of a fine garage and machine shop he is well known in automotive circles of Snohomish. A native of Illinois, he was born in the city of Chicago in 1889 and was eleven years old when his parents, A. W. and Elizabeth Neil, came to the Pacific coast. They settled in Seattle, Washington, and the father established an enviable reputation as a civil engineer, doing much important construction work for mining and railroad corporations of the northwest. His life's labors were ended in 1917. The mother still resides in Seattle. Andrew G. Neil completed his education in Seattle and learned the machinist's trade in the Hefferman foundry of that city. He followed that trade for some time and then took up the study of electrical engineering in the University of Washington. For seven years he was engaged in that work and in 1917 was made master mechanic of the Pacific Coast Coal Company. He filled that important position until 1919 and then purchased the business of the Snohomish Automobile Company, at that time owned by E. A. Bacon. In 1923 Mr. Neil admitted Fred D. Hume to a partnership, and they have since been associated. Their machine shop is situated at 1306 First street, in a modern building of which they are the owners, and they also operate a blacksmith shop. Both are expert mechanics and the work turned out of their shop is first-class in every particular. They are also sagacious young business men, who have won a large patronage through careful management and high standards of service. In 1912 Mr. Neil married Miss Lizzie Anderson, a native of Newcastle, Washington, and a daughter of Axel R. and Matilda Anderson. Mr. and Mrs. Neil have become the parents of three sons : Gifford, Russell and Harold. Mr. Neil is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is an adherent of the republican party hut has never aspired to public office. He subordinates all other interests to the demands of his business, and although young in years, he has advanced far on the highroad which leads to success, while his personality is one that inspires esteem and friendship. EDWARD R. AGNEW Specific mention is made in the following paragraphs of one of the worthy citizens of Snohomish county—one who has figured in the growth and development of this favored locality and whose interests are now identified with its progress, contributing in a definite measure in his particular sphere of action to the well being of the community in which he resides and to the advancement of its normal and legitimate growth. Additional interest is attached to his career from the fact that practically his entire life has been passed in Everett. Earnest purpose and tireless energy, combined with mature judgment and every-day common sense, are among his most prominent characteristics, and he has merited the respect and esteem which are accorded him. Edward R. Agnew is a native of Washington, born in Seattle on the 30th of March, 1894, and is a son of Andrew J. and Anna R. (Rogers) Agnew, the former of whom was born in Sewickley, Alleghany county, Pennsylvania, while the latter was born in Hurley, Iron county, Wisconsin. Their marriage occurred in Iowa. In an early day they came to Washington, locating first at Seattle, and later at Monte Cristo, Snohomish county, where the father engaged in the general mercantile business. In 1892 he came to Everett and opened a hardware store in the building which had been occupied by the Quaker drug store. He prospered in this venture and as the business grew was compelled to seek larger quarters, moving next to the Wisconsin building. In 1905 Mr. Agnew erected the present fine four story brick building at 2210-2212 Hewitt avenue, where the enterprise has been conducted to the present time. The entire building is HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 321 utilized, a large and complete stock of shelf and heavy hardware being carried, including mill, mining and logging supplies of all kinds. The business is practically all wholesale, three traveling men being on the road, covering the territory between Seattle and Bellingham, and twenty-two persons are required to handle the business, which through the years has enjoyed a steady and constant increase in volume. Mr. Agnew devoted himself indefatigably to the building up of this enterprise in which he showed ability and remarkable foresight. He was a splendid example of the virile, progressive and energetic business man, who believed in doing well whatever he undertook, and his character was the expression of a strong nature. His death occurred May 15, 1925, and that of his wife, March 15, 1916. They were the parents of three children, namely : Mrs. George Baer, of Santa Barbara, California ; Marguerite, who lives in Los Angeles, California ; and Edward R. Edward R. Agnew received a good public school education, graduating from high school, and then attended a preparatory school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On his return to Everett he went into his father's store and on the death of his father became president and treasurer of the business, which is conducted under the name of the Agnew Hardware Company. He is devoting himself closely to the interests of the business, in the conduct of which he is carrying out the safe and sound policy of his father. He is a man of great energy, vigorous mentality and enterprising spirit and is held in high regard in the business circles of the community. On June 27, 1917, Mr. Agnew was married to Miss Katherine Smith, daughter of C. J. Smith, of Seattle, and they are the parents of two children, Edward Rogers, Jr., and Ann Elizabeth. Mr. Agnew is a member of the Everett Golf and Country Club, the Seattle Golf Club, the Ranier Club, the Cascade Club, the Everett Motor Boat Club, the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Lions Club, and also belongs to the American Legion. He is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted in 1918 in the naval aviation service, in which he attained the rank of chief quartermaster, and received an honorable discharge at the close of the war. Politically Mr. Agnew maintains an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment as to men and measures. He consistently gives his support to every movement or enterprise calculated to advance the material, civic or moral interests of the community and is generous in his support of all worthy causes. Quiet and unassuming, he is, nevertheless, a man of forceful personality and makes a favorable impression on all who come in contact with him in either a business or social way. P. A. WRIGHT P. A. Wright, superintendent of the public schools of Snohomish, is an educator of broad experience and proven ability, well equipped for this responsible office. He was born September 17, 1884, in Columbia county, Wisconsin, and is a son of C. A. and Mattie (Keller) Wright, pioneer settlers of that state. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm and his early instruction was acquired in the schools of that locality. He attended Lawrence College at Appleton, Wisconsin, for two years, and has since been graduated from the University of Washington, having utilized every opportunity to perfect himself in his work. For two years he was a teacher in rural schools of Wisconsin and then went to South Dakota, where he followed his profession for a year. In 1909 Mr. Wright took charge of the eighth grade at Lynden, Washington, and also took part in athletic sports, acting as coach. Recognition of his ability led to his selection for the post of superintendent of the schools of Lynden, which for seven years had the benefit of his services. For a similar period he had charge of the schools at Prosser, Washington, and in the fall of 1924 came to Snohomish as superintendent of public schools. He has instituted many improvements and inspires both teachers and pupils with much of his own zeal and enthusiasm. He is energetic, alert and tactful, qualities as much needed in the administration of the schools as in any other line, and his work has been highly satisfactory. This school district extends half way to Three Lakes, in the vicinity of Machias, and one mile south over the river, reaching half way to Fobes. Five busses, each accommodating thirty-five children, are operated in the country and one hundred and twenty pupils are drawn from other districts. The high school has an attendance of four hundred and twenty students, who are under the instruction of fourteen teachers, and the seventh and eighth grades are also located in this building. The grounds are the finest in the state. The building, which was formerly used as a courthouse, has been enlarged and contains an auditorium which seats eight hundred persons. There is a fine gymnasium and also a cafeteria, which supplies food to two hundred and fifty children at a cost of from ten to twenty-five cents per pupil. The curricu- 322 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY lum includes a thorough business course ; a complete three years' course in agriculture; and a comprehensive course in home economics. Smith Hughes is in charge of the last named department. In addition to the high school there are three grammar schools, the Central, Emerson and Riverview, requiring a corps of twenty-four teachers. In 1910 Mr. Wright was united in marriage to Miss Marion Beaty, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and they have three children: Gordon, Jane and Annette. Mrs. Wright was a student of music at Lawrence College when her husband was attending that institution and after her graduation became a successful piano teacher. Mr. and Mrs. Wright are consistent members of the Methodist church, and in politics he is nonpartisan, supporting the candidate whom he considers best qualified for office. He is an earnest, untiring worker in behalf of the Boy Scouts of America and acts as chairman of the county executive committee, while he was formerly scoutmaster. He belongs to the Grange and his fraternal connections are with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias. He is actuated by high ideals, utilizing practical methods in their attainment, and is classed with the most able and progressive educators of northwestern Washington. AMOS STONEBURNER This biographical memoir deals with a character of unusual force and eminence, for Amos Stoneburner, whose life chapter has been closed by the fate that awaits all mankind, was for many years a prominent and active figure in the healing art, and he was summoned to close his earthly accounts when still in the zenith of his power. While he had for years conducted his professional affairs with such success as to gain a comfortable competence for himself, he also belonged to that class of representative men of affairs who promote the public welfare while advancing individual success. He was the possessor of many sterling traits which commanded uniform confidence and regard, and his memory is today honored by all who knew him and is enshrined in the hearts of his many friends. Mr. Stoneburner was a native of the state of Ohio and was a son of Israel and Jane (Bush) Stoneburner, both of whom were natives of Germany, the mother having been born in Stuttgart, Wurtemberg, July 18, 1814. While still a child, she was brought to the United States by her parents, during which voyage they passed through an extraordinary experience. The sailing vessel on which they were passengers sprung a leak and was abandoned, they being taken onto a passing ship. For two years they were practically at the mercy of the ocean, and of the entire number of children aboard at the time of the disaster, reaching fully one hundred and fifty, only Jane Bush and one other survived the terrible hunger and suffering to which they were subjected. In the meantime the captain of the ship was conspiring to sell them as slaves in India, and although his negotiations were carried on in a tongue unknown to them, his project became known to the passengers. They made him a prisoner, established a crew of their own and in the course of time brought the ship safely to Baltimore, Maryland. Eventually Jane Bush's family located in Morgan county, Ohio, where she was married and spent the remainder of her life. To Israel and Jane Stoneburner were born four sons and five daughters. Amos Stoneburner received his elementary education in the public schools of his native county and then entered Oberlin College, at Oberlin, Ohio, from which he was graduated. He then learned telegraphy, at which vocation he was employed for a time, but subsequently located in South Bend, Indiana, where he established a sanatorium, specializing in electrical treatments. He was eminently successful in this field of endeavor, remaining in that city about six years. He then moved to Chicago, where he established an office in the Masonic Temple building, and for many years enjoyed a large and remunerative practice, having remarkable success in the treatment of human ailments. In 1896 he was a member of the faculty of the Chicago Physio-Medical College, but the demands of his practice precluded his giving the necessary time to that work. He remained in Chicago until 1905, when he retired from practice, and coming to Snohomish, Washington, he bought five acres of land in Snohomish, where he established his permanent home. To the clearing of this tract he devoted his attention and was making rapid progress in the developing of his plans for a home when death overtook him, in 1907. Mr. Stoneburner was married, in Chicago, to Miss Rose Staff, a native of that city, where she was reared and educated. Her father was a native of Bohemia. Since her husband's death she has resided on the home place here, with her son. They became the parents of two children, the firstborn being deceased. The son, Norman, received a good education, attending the public schools and completing his studies at the Valparaiso Normal School, at Valparaiso, Indiana. In boyhood he learned the art of telegraphy and since coming to Snohomish has AMOS STONEBURNER i HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 325 been an operator at Everett for the Northern Pacific Railroad, for which company he has worked for twenty years. Mr. Stoneburner was a democrat in his political views, while fraternally he was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons. In addition to his long and creditable career in one of the most useful and exacting of professions, he also proved an honorable member of the body politic, rising in the confidence and esteem of the public, and in every relation of life he never fell below the dignity of true manhood nor in any way resorted to methods that invited criticism or censure. He was essentially a man among men, having ever moved as one who commanded respect by innate force as well as by superior ability, so that those who were favored with an intimate acquaintance with him were profuse in their praise of his manly virtues and upright character. CHARLES A. COLE During the past quarter of a century Charles A. Cole has been an active factor in business circles of Everett as president of the Everett Tent & Awning Company, the oldest enterprise of the kind in Snohomish county. His birth occurred in Flint, Michigan, on the 24th of August, 1867, his parents being Richard and Ellen (Maher) Cole, both of whom are deceased. The father was a railroad man. Charles A. Cole acquired a public school education in the state of his nativity and after putting aside his textbooks turned his attention to farming pursuits in Michigan. Subsequently he engaged in carpenter work and in bridge building. It was in July, 1888, one month prior to attaining his majority, that he journeyed westward across the country to Washington. After spending one year at Snoqualmie Falls he removed to Seattle, where he was living at the time of the conflagration. He next resided for a year at Bellingham and then returned to Seattle, where he remained until November, 1891, when he came to Snohomish county and took up his abode in Everett. Here he has lived continuously since with the exception of the year 1898, which he spent in Alaska. Mr. Cole worked for a year in the smelter at Everett for a dollar and a quarter per day, next followed carpenter work and afterward engaged in contracting, pile driving and bridge building. It was in 1902 that he purchased the business of the Everett Tent & Awning Company, of which he has since remained proprietor, being extensively engaged in the manufacture of tents, awnings, tarpaulins and flags and handling all kinds of camping equipment. In March, 1925, he erected a two story concrete building with brick face, thirty by one hundred and twenty feet, to meet the demands of his growing business. He furnishes employment to from four to six people. Well merited success has attended his undertakings, for he is an industrious, energetic and capable business man. In November, 1902, Mr. Cole was united in marriage to Mary McGill, daughter of John and Mary McGill, who were among the early residents of Everett and who have passed away. Mr. and Mrs. Cole are the parents of a daughter and a son, namely : Frances, who is the wife of Richard Pearson and resides in Seattle and Eugene, at home. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise Mr. Cole has supported the men and measures of the democratic party. He was civil service commissioner for one year and from 1917 until 1922 filled the office of postmaster, efficiently discharging the duties devolving upon him in that connection. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Columbus, the Woodmen of the World and the Improved Order of Red Men. CORNELIUS J. KELLEHER A large proportion of the business men of Snohomish are connected with the automobile trade, and among the most successful is numbered Cornelius J. Kelleher, an experienced mechanic and the owner of a fine garage. A native of Ireland, he was born December 1, 1882, and his parents were Cornelius and Katherine Kelleher. In 1883 the father came to the United States, taking up a homestead in Idaho, and ten years later the other members of the family joined him in this country. He was engaged in farming for many years and after his retirement settled in Ellensburg, Washington, where he passed away in 1917. He had long survived the mother, whose demise occurred in 1893. C. J. Kelleher attended the schools of Ireland until he was eleven years of age, and his education was completed in Idaho. In that state he learned the machinist's trade, which he has followed since 1898, and he is an expert in that line of work. In 1920 he came to Snohomish and opened a garage and repair shop, which he has since conducted. He is always courteous 326 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and obliging and maintains first-class service. He closely supervises every detail of the business and through good management and honorable methods has established a large clientele. In 1906 Mr. Kelleher was united in marriage to Miss Margaret McLaughlin, a native of Kansas City, Missouri, and seven children were born to them. C. J., the eldest is deceased, and the sixth in order of birth died in infancy. The others are : James, Jack, Phillip, Kathleen and Robert. Mr. Kelleher is without political bias, placing the qualifications of a candidate above party ties, and his religious views are in harmony with the doctrines of the Catholic church. He is connected with the Knights of Columbus, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a live factor in his community and owes his prosperity to tenacity of purpose, the conscientious discharge of all obligations and unremitting attention to a business in which he is deeply interested. EBEN MOUNCE Eben Mounce is successfully engaged in the automobile business at Everett in association with his son, Gordon E., having the agency for the Nash and Cadillac motor cars. His birth occurred in Linn county, Iowa, in 1856, his parents being Isaac and Deborah (Timmons) Mounce. His paternal grandfather, Joseph Mounce, was one of the pioneer settlers of Iowa, there taking up government land. Isaac Mounce, the father of Eben Mounce, was born at Muscatine, Iowa, in 1826 and had attained the advanced age of ninety-nine years and three months when he departed this life in 1925. Eben Mounce supplemented his early education by a course of study in Western College of Iowa and after putting aside his textbooks followed farming in the Hawkeye state until 1878. In that year, when a young man of twenty-two, he made his way to Nez Perce county, Idaho, where he also became a farmer and stock raiser. He was elected sheriff of the county and subsequently served as United States deputy marshal for four and one-half years, while for one term he represented his district in the sixth general assembly of Idaho, making an excellent record as a legislator by reason of the careful consideration which he gave to the various vital questions which came up for settlement. Subsequently he was engaged in the real estate business at Lewiston, Idaho, until 1916, in which year he removed to Tacoma, Washington, where he also turned his attention to realty operations. From the latter city he made his way to Seattle, where he remained until 1922, and then came to Everett. Here he embarked in the automobile business in association with his son and under the name of Gordon E. Mounce, Incorporated, has since conducted an agency for the sale of Nash and Cadillac cars. Father and son have developed this enterprise to large and profitable proportions and are widely recognized as business men of marked ability and initiative. Mr. Mounce has been twice married. In 1884 he wedded Callie Rose, of Iowa, who passed away in 1890. They became the parents of two children, Lionne and Erwin E., both of whom are deceased. In 1894 Mr. Mounce was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Eva K. Yantis, who was the first white child born at Lewiston, Idaho, a daughter of Madison A. Kelly. a physician by profession. Their son, Gordon E., whose birth occurred in 1896, acquired his education in grade and high schools and in the Benson Trade School of Portland, Oregon. He wedded Esther Neil, who passed away leaving three children, namely : Gordon E., Jr., Lionne and Robert Neil. In his political views Mr. Mounce is a democrat. He has membership in the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Automotive Trades Association, while fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elkso and the Woodmen of the World. His has been a long, active and useful life and his many sterling traits of character are attested by an extensive circle of warm friends. HANS SORGENFREI For nearly thirty-five years Hans Sorgenfrei has lived in the vicinity of Lake Roesiger, and he has been an interested spectator as well as an active participant in the wonderful development which has taken place in this locality, now being numbered among the substantial and prosperous farmers of that section of the county. A native of Denmark, his birth occurred on the 17th of June, 1861, and he is a son of Peter and Kate Sorgenfrei. The father died in his native land and the mother afterward came to the United States, locating in Iowa, where her death occurred some years later. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 327 Hans Sorgenfrei came to this country in the fall of 1882 and settled in Iowa, where he remained until 1890, following the trade of a carpenter. In that year he came to Seattle, Washington, remaining two years, and in 1892 bought eighty acres of wild land near Lake Roesiger. Little improvement had been made in that locality, the only highway to his place being but a trail, and he paid twenty dollars a load to have his goods hauled in. He applied himself with energy during those early years and now has twenty acres of his land cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in woods and pasture. In 1905 he built a good house and in the following year erected the best barn in that locality. He is devoting his attention to dairy farming, keeping a nice herd of registered Holstein stock, and has been very successful along that line. In 1887 Mr. Sorgenfrei was united in marriage to Miss Annie Jonck, who was born and reared in Keokuk, Iowa, and to them have been born the following children : Henry, who died at the age of fifteen years ; John, who has a farm near the home place, and is an engineer in logging camps ; Al, who operates a garage in Everett ; Carl, a veteran of the World war, who is superintendent of a big dairy ranch near Spokane, Washington ; Theodore, whose home is near his father's place and who is employed in the woods ; and Anna, Henry and James, who are at home. Mr. Sorgenfrei is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Politically he gives his support to the republican party, and he has served fifteen years as a member of the school board, Mrs. Sorgenfrei being at this time a member of that body. Mr. Sorgenfrei talks entertainingly of conditions in the early days here and refers to the abundance of wild game throughout this locality ; indeed, he killed a bear on his ranch as late as 1922. His career has been characterized by indomitable industry, sound business judgment and sterling integrity and he is regarded generally as one of the representative farmers of the county. SUMNER E. PAINE The life of Sumner E. Paine, city engineer of Everett, has been such as to elicit just praise from all who know him, owing to the fact that he has been true to every trust reposed in him and has been fair and upright in all his dealings with his fellowmen, at the same time lending his support to the advancement of any cause looking to the welfare of the community at large. Mr. Paine was born at Orwell, Ashtabula county, Ohio, on the 22d of November, 1888, and is a son of E. M. and Lucy Jane (Olin) Paine. The family came to Everett in 1903, and here the father has since followed the business of papering and painting. Sumner E. Paine secured a good public school education, graduating from the Everett high school in 1908, and then entered the engineering department of the University of Washington. He did a vast amount of work for Snohomish county, in all branches of engineering work, and in 1918 became acting city engineer of Everett. In June, 1923, he became city engineer, and is still holding that responsible position, discharging his duties to the eminent satisfaction of the public. During his incumbency of this office he has laid out and superintended a large amount of work, consisting mainly of concrete paving, and he has carefully and conscientiously safeguarded the interests of the people. He is a thoroughly competent and efficient engineer and has been a valued member of the municipal government. On July 7, 1913, Mr. Paine was married to Miss Margaret Walker, daughter of A. P. Walker, of Everett, she being a native of Snohomish county. To this union have been born three children, Granville, Margaret and Barbara. Fraternally Mr. Paine is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, and in his political views he is aligned with the republican party. He is a man of alert mentality, candid and straightforward in all his relations and of a cordial and friendly manner, so that he has gained a high place in the esteem and good will of the entire community. WILLIAMS & McDONALD Among the young and thriving business establishments of Everett, the firm of Williams & McDonald, automobile repair and machine shop, at 2724 Lombard avenue, is making a very gratifying record. The shop is completely equipped with all necessary machinery and tools for prompt and efficient work and is rapidly gaining a favorable reputation among exacting and discriminating automobile owners because of the careful and painstaking way in which all work is handled. Messrs. Williams and McDonald give their close personal attention to every 328 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY job that comes into their shop and are rapidly gaining business friends because of their dependability and trustworthiness. Raymond L. Williams was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico, on the 9th of March, 1897, and received his educational training in the public schools. He then entered the employ of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad, where he learned the machinist's and blacksmith's trades, and remained thus connected for six years, gaining valuable experience. Thereafter he had charge of shops in various parts of the United States, and in 1922 he came to Everett and was with the Everett Nash Motor Company until engaging in his present business in 1926. In 1921 he was united in marriage to Miss Hildreth Lemming, who is a native of Kansas, and they have a daughter, Patsy Marie. He is genial and friendly in all his social relations, thoroughly understands the technical end of the business and has gained a high standing throughout the community. Hugh William McDonald was born in Caldwell county, Missouri, in 1882 and attended the public schools of his home neighborhood. He was reared to the life of a farmer, which he followed for some years, and then went to Kansas City, Missouri, where he entered the employ of the Ford Motor Company. He remained there until 1919, when he came to Everett and joined the Everett Nash Motor Company, later going to the Hudson Motor Company, with which concern he remained until becoming associated with Mr. Williams in the organization of their present business in 1926. This is a strong combination, both men being experts in their line, and they are achieving success worthy of their efforts. In 1914 Mr. McDonald was married to Miss Ethel May Isenhower, who is a native of Kansas. He gives his earnest support to every local movement for the advancement of the city or county along material, civic or moral lines, and because of his excellent character, industry and business ability, he enjoys well deserved popularity. LIEW E. ANDRUS Among the early pioneers of Snohomish county must be numbered the Andrus family, who came to this county fifty years ago and settled in the present neighborhood of Machias at a time when practically no improvements had been effected in that locality, and Liew E. Andrus is now successfully carrying on the work so well inaugurated by his father. He is a native of Snohomish county, born here on the 18th of October, 1877, and is a son of Horace and Matilda (Parker) Andrus, both of whom were born and reared in Iowa. They came to Snohomish county in 1876, and in January, 1878, the father took up a homestead where Machias now stands. It was a tract of wild land, not even a trail leading to it, while the nearest trading point was Snohomish. Wild game was abundant, and their early years here were characterized by all the experiences of pioneers. Here the parents spent their remaining years, the father dying August 23, 1903, and the mother December 29, 1922. Our subject was given the advantage of a public school education, and he has spent his life on the home farm, having bought out the other heirs after the death of his parents. He now has forty acres of land, all of which is in cultivation, and here carries on dairy farming, keeping a splendid herd of good grade Guernsey cows. He is devoting himself closely to the business and has been rewarded with a commensurate measure of success. On November 26, 1923, Mr. Andrus was married to Mrs. Roxie Leftevich, who is a native of South Dakota. She had a son, Roger, by a former marriage. Fraternally Mr. Andrus is a member of Snohomish Lodge No. 12, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Snohomish Encampment No. 25 ; also Snohomish Lodge No. 5, Daughters of Rebekah. He is a republican in his political views and has served ten years as a member of the school board. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. WHEELER DAVIS HINKLE Among the younger business men of Snohomish county who are achieving success through well directed and persistent efforts is Wheeler Davis Hinkle, a citizen of splendid character and fine public spirit. He was born in Franklin county, Missouri, on the 4th of March, 1898, and is a son of Miles Parson and Addie M. (Bailey) Hinkle, the former of whom was engaged in the cattle business. He died in 1900 and is survived by his widow, who still lives in Missouri. Wheeler D. Hinkle secured his elementary education in the public schools of his native state and then attended and was graduated from Wentworth Military Academy. He subsequently entered the employ of the General Electric Company at St. Louis, but his labors there were HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 329 interrupted by the entry of the United States into the World war, and on July 14, 1917, he enlisted in the navy. He was appointed electrician on the United States steamship Prairie, which served as a torpedo boat tender, and he made several trips across the sea. He was honorably discharged from service in July, 1919, and returned to his home in Missouri. Later that year he drove by automobile through to Snohomish county and after looking the locality over bought a store and one acre of ground in Sunnyside, near Everett. Here he is conducting a general store, carrying a large and well selected stock of such goods as are in demand by the local trade, and he has been very successful in this enterprise. Square dealing, prompt service and courtesy have been the keynotes to his success, and he has gained a host of warm and loyal friends throughout this community. In 1917 Mr. Hinkle was united in marriage to Miss Bernice Wallace, of St. Louis, and they are the parents of a son, Wheeler Davis, Jr., born April 10, 1918. Mr. Hinkle is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the fourteenth degree of the Scottish Rite, and belongs also to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the American Legion. While nominally a democrat and usually voting that ticket in national elections, in local elections he votes for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. GERHART M. VETTER Among the men of standing and influence in Snohomish county who have the interests of their respective localities at heart is Gerhart M. Vetter, who is regarded as one of the community's most progressive farmers and public-spirited citizens. A native of Germany, his birth occurred on the 27th of April, 1889, and he is a son of Moritz and Ida (Richter) Vetter. His parents emigrated to the United States in 1890, locating in Minnesota, which was their home about twelve years. In 1902 they came to Snohomish county, and the father bought one hundred and eighty-five acres of land four miles north of Snohomish. He made great improvements on this tract, creating a fine farm, and lived there until 1923, when he sold the place to his son Gerhart and moved to Snohomish, where his death occurred April 28, 1925. The mother is still living in Snohomish. Our subject attended public school and was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he has followed to the present time. He is carrying on dairy and poultry farming, and raises a general line of crops. He keeps a large flock of White Leghorn chickens, in the handling of which he has met with pronounced success. On August 9, 1918, Mr. Vetter was united in marriage to Miss Emma Nickel, of Snohomish, and they are the parents of two children, Margaret and Hazel. Mr. Vetter is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association and is secretary of the Snohomish County Guernsey Breeders Club. Politically he is a republican. He is a man of great energy and initiative ability, doing thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, and has gained a high reputation for his accomplishments. CHARLES WESLEY VAIL Charles Wesley Vail, whose fine fruit and berry ranch in Sunnyside, near Everett, is one of the most attractive farms in that locality, has attained his present success only through the hardest sort of labor, and the prosperity which is now his has been richly earned, for he has always had to depend entirely upon his own resources. A native of Williams county, Ohio, his birth occurred on the 22d of August, 1873, and he is a son of Owen and Lottie (Mann) Vail, both of whom are deceased. He was reared on the home farm and secured his educational training in the common schools of his home neighborhood. He devoted himself to farming pursuits in his native state until 1900, when he came to Snohomish county, of which he has remained a resident continuously since. In 1908 he bought twenty acres of land in the Sunnyside district, just east of Everett, and at once entered upon the task of clearing it of the timber, logs and brush which encumbered it. He now has it practically all cleared and planted mainly to fruit and berries, of which he has a choice selection. He thoroughly understands the care and handling of fruit and has met with a very gratifying measure of success since engaging in this business. He has made good improvements on the place, including a comfortable and attractive house, and is numbered among the substantial and independent farmers of this locality. On August 19, 1910, Mr. Vail was united in marriage to Mrs. Elizabeth McNabb, who was born and reared in LaSalle, Illinois, a daughter of Stephen and Margaret (McCulley) Ferris. 330 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Vail maintains an independent attitude in politics, voting according to the dictates of his judgment as to men and measures. During his career he has undergone many hardships, and he worked hard in the creation of his present splendid ranch, but he has had the pleasure of seeing prosperity crown his efforts and today is regarded throughout the community as one of its best citizens. KURT OSCAR VETTER Though of the younger generation of farmers in Snohomish county, Kurt Oscar Vetter has already gained an enviable reputation for his progressive and enterprising methods, through which he has gained worthy success. He was born in Minnesota on the 31st of May, 1897, and is a son of Moritz and Ida (Richter) Vetter, both of whom were natives of Germany, from which country they came to the United States in 1890. For about twelve years after their arrival in this country they lived in Minnesota. In 1902 they came to Snohomish county, where the father bought one hundred and eighty-five acres of land four miles north of Snohomish. There he created a splendid farm, where he lived for a number of years, eventually selling it to his children. He then moved to Snohomish and there spent the rest of his days, dying April 28, 1925. His widow still lives in Snohomish. Our subject attended public school and remained on the farm with his father until 1920, when he bought seventy-eight acres of the home place. He now has thirty-five acres of the land cleared and under the plow, the remainder being good pasture land. He is engaged mainly in dairy farming, keeping a number of good grade Guernsey cattle. In 1920 Mr. Vetter was united in marriage to Miss Alma Repp, who was born in eastern Washington, and they have a daughter, Ida, now four years of age. Mr. Vetter is a republican in his political views and is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Though devoting himself closely to the advancement of his individual interests, he has not neglected his duty to the community nor his obligations to his fellowmen, with whom he cooperates in all efforts to promote the public welfare. For these reasons he has earned a warm place in the hearts of his neighbors and associates. FRANK G. CARLSON Among the industrious, progressive and successful ranchers of Snohomish county are many who claim far-away Sweden as the place of their birth, but who have proven loyal and patriotic citizens of their adopted country. Among this number is Frank G. Carlson, whose splendid poultry and fruit farm is located in the Sunnyside district, just east of Everett. Mr. Carlson was born in Sweden on the 10th of June, 1864, and was there reared, securing his education in the schools of his home neighborhood. He remained in his native land until 1882, when, at the age of eighteen years, he emigrated to the United States, first locating in Illinois. He was there employed for two years and in 1884 went to Winnipeg, Canada, remaining there and in British Columbia until 1891. In that year Mr. Carlson came across the line to Whatcom county, Washington, where he went to work on the Great Northern Railroad, which was then being constructed through that locality. In 1893 he was transferred by that company to Everett and made a section foreman, in which capacity he served for a number of years, during a part of which time he had charge of the tunnel section. He then went to Minnesota and was engaged in the box manufacturing business for two years, at the end of which time he sold his interests there and returned to Everett. Here he again entered the employ of the Great Northern Railroad, which work he followed for three years, or until 1905, when he bought ten acres of land in Sunnyside. The tract was densely covered with timber and brush and he at once began clearing it, in the course of time developing a splendid farm and further improving it by the erection of a good house and outbuildings. Here he is engaged in the chicken business, has planted a good bearing orchard and has a large patch of berries. He has taken painstaking efforts to keep his place at the highest standard of excellence and is justifiably proud of what he has accomplished since locating here. In 1894 Mr. Carlson was married to Miss Mary Anderson, who also is a native of Sweden, whence she was brought to the United States in young girlhood. To Mr. and Mrs. Carlson has been born a son, Victor R., who was graduated in dentistry and is now teaching that science in a college at Portland, Oregon. He intends eventually to engage in the practice of his profession in Snohomish county. Politically Mr. Carlson is a strong supporter of the republican HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 331 party, and he is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, also belonging to the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He has taken a commendable interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of his community and has maintained a strong position in favor of the best educational facilities, having served three years as a member of the school board. Because of his splendid record in his material affairs and his fine character he has won an enviable place in the esteem of his fellow citizens throughout the community. CARL A. PETERSON At the very foundation of our civilization stand the men who by indomitable efforts have carved out their own success and have boldly faced the responsibilities of life. The lives of such men are bound up in their duties, and they stand for the best things in community life. In this class is Carl A. Peterson, manager of the Union Laundry Company, of Everett, one of the most successful and prosperous enterprises of this kind in Snohomish county. Mr. Peterson is a native of St. Paul, Minnesota, born on the 4th of August, 1872, and is a son of Samuel and Nettie Peterson. His father, who was for many years a building contractor, is deceased, and the mother still resides in St. Paul, being now in her eighty-fourth year. Our subject attended the public schools of his native city, graduating from high school, and then started to work in a laundry. In 1903 lie went to Minot, North Dakota, and established a laundry, which he ran for nine years, and then came to Washington, locating at Alder-wood Manor near Seattle, where he was engaged in ranching until 1921. In that year he came to Everett and bought an interest in the Union Laundry Company. He and Carl A. Peterson (not related) are the present owners of the business, which they are conducting in a progressive manner, maintaining the equipment at the highest point of efficiency, so that the quality of work turned out has gained for them a widespread reputation throughout this section of the county. They employ twenty-two persons and use four delivery wagons. Our subject has given his close attention to the business and has had the pleasure of seeing it grow and expand year by year until today it is numbered among the leading enterprises of this city. In 1904 Mr. Peterson was married to Miss Amelia Haroldson, of Albert Lea, Minnesota, and they have four children ; Curtis, Carmilla, Doris and Violet. By a former marriage he also had two children : Clarence, and Russell, who died June 24, 1926, in his twenty-sixth year. Mr. Peterson is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Dramatic Order of Knights of Kho-rassan, and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, of Seattle. He is a republican in his political views and takes a public-spirited interest in everything pertaining to the welfare or prosperity of his community. He is an active member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and of the Y. M. C. A. Mr. Peterson stands as a successful type of the self-made man, for by his own earnest endeavor he has achieved every step of his progress, through normal and worthy means rising to his present respected position in business circles. CHARLES L. POI ER Possessing an aptitude for mechanical pursuits, Charles L. Poier has chosen a line of activity well suited to his talents, and for eight years his name has figured prominently in business circles of Snohomish in connection with the automotive trade. A native of Canada, he was born in 1890 in the province of Manitoba, of which his parents, Herman and Katherine Poier, were pioneer settlers. They afterward crossed the United States border, establishing their home in North Dakota in 1892, and both are now deceased. Charles L. Poier was reared on his father's ranch and attended the public schools of North Dakota. After laying aside his textbooks he learned the machinist's trade and later entered a homestead in Montana. He proved up on the claim and followed agricultural pursuits for eight years, transforming the wild land into a productive, well improved farm. In 1918 he came to northwestern Washington and allied his interests with those of Snohomish, opening-the Central Garage at 1105 First street. The venture proved a success, and in 1925 he established a garage on Avenue D. He has the local agency for the Chevrolet and Buick cars and maintains a well equipped repair shop, employing six men. He is a skilled mechanic and closely supervises the work of those in his service. He has initiative as well as executive force and conducts a business of substantial proportions. On November 1, 1914, Mr. Poier was united in marriage to Miss Hazel L. Burke, of Seattle, and they have three children: Arline, Arthur and Charles Robert. Mr. Poier is connected 332 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with the Knights of Pythias and in politics is nonpartisan, voting according to the dictates of his judgment. He is well satisfied with Snohomish as a place of residence and loyally supports every project for the upbuilding and betterment of his community. He is still a young man with much of his life before him, and his energy, ability and determination insure his continuous progress. IRVING L. LLOYD Irving L. Lloyd is widely and favorably known as one of the enterprising merchants of Everett, where he has lived for a number of years. He has been prominently identified with its commercial interests, and his well directed efforts in the practical affairs of life, his capable management of his business interests and his sound judgment have brought him large rewards for the labor he has expended. He was born at Woodland, Delaware, on the 16th of November, 1862. and is a son of William and Hester A. (Insley) Lloyd, both of whom also were natives of that state. The father was a seafaring man, being a captain of both sailing vessels and steamships. Both he and his wife are now deceased. Irving L. Lloyd attended the public schools of his native state, and then took a course in a business college. He became a marine and stationary engineer, serving mainly on boats along the Atlantic coast and on Chesapeake bay. In 1871 lie had gone to British Columbia with his father, who engaged in the steamboat business on the Fraser river, and while in that locality the mother died. In 1874 father and son returned to Delaware, and thereafter our subject lived in Norfolk, Virginia, and the Carolinas. In 1882 he went to British Columbia, locating at Yale, where he was engaged in the hotel business for a time. Later he went to Vancouver and operated a real estate agency until the year Washington was admitted to the Union as a state, when he located in Port Townsend, 'Washington, where he remained three years. In 1892 Mr. Lloyd came to Everett and engaged in the grocery business on the river side. Later he was in the Wisconsin building, but some time afterward he sold out and became engineer at the first city waterworks. After holding this position for a time, he became a traveling salesman for a manufacturers' agency, and then opened a hardware and mill supply business on Rucker avenue. He met with success in this enterprise and later moved to the corner of Hewitt and Grand avenues, where he occupies a fifty by one hundred and twenty foot store and carries a large and complete stock of both shelf and heavy hardware and mill supplies. He has recently purchased the Marion block, which he is remodeling for his own use and into which he will shortly move. The business, which is run under the name of The Lloyd Company, Inc., is both wholesale and retail and under Mr. Lloyd's sound management has enjoyed a steady and continuous growth ever since he established it. He also has his own machine shop in connection with the store. Promptness, efficiency, courtesy and accommodation are the qualities on which the business has been built, and it is now one of the prosperous and substantial concerns of Everett. In 1886 Mr. Lloyd was married to Mary J. Leigh, of Montreal, Canada, and to them have been born the following children ; Raymond L., who is engaged in the fruit business in Seattle ; Leland L., who is active manager of his father's business ; Ronald D., who also is in his father's store ; Percy, who is a student in the University of Washington, taking the course in business administration ; and a daughter, I)orathy, who resides in Everett. Mr. Lloyd is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Tribe of Ben-Hur, and formerly belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having been the first captain of the canton at Everett. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, while his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has ever enjoyed respect and esteem because of his friendly manner, his business ability, his interest in public affairs and his upright life, being regarded by all as one of the most substantial and worthy citizens of his community, in the prosperity and advancement of which lie has been an important factor. SNOHOMISH COUNTY FRUIT GROWERS ASSOCIATION The Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association was formed July 15, 1916, by a group of farmers, and among the organizers were David Deselle, Adolph Heck, George Stocke, H. W. Bean and W. J. Fortson. There are now over seven hundred members, all of whom must own at least a dollar's worth of common stock. The present officers are: M. T. Hokenstad, president ; W. E. Fenton, secretary ; John P. Schluter, treasurer ; W. R. Birt, assistant treasurer ; and William Lubach, manager, all of whom are prominent citizens of Snohomish. In HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 333 addition to the above officers there is a board of directors, composed of Fred C. Behling, Edward F. Bergeron, Matthew Frombgen, C. E. Kuhlman, R. D. Deselle, R. M. Morton, N. B. Newman, J. P. Schluter and J. A. Woolworth, all of Snohomish. The association buys and sells farm products and operates a large grocery store, handling what the farmer raises and uses. This cooperative organization has materially benefited the agriculturists of the county and acts as a marked stimulus to the development of the resources of this section of the state. William Lubach, the manager of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association, is an able business man of broad experience, and measures up in full to the requirements of this important position. A native of Germany, he was born in 1873 and when a youth of sixteen responded to the call of the new world. He lived for several years in Illinois and was engaged in horticultural work, while he was also employed along mercantile lines. In 1907 he journeyed to the Pacific coast, locating in Everett, Washington, and for two years was a dealer in coffee. He then came to Snohomish and for thirteen years owned and conducted the business of the Banner Trading Company. He was engaged in the nursery business for two years and still owns a fine farm in this locality, raising many choice varieties of trees and plants on his ranch. On December 15, 1924, Mr. Lubach was appointed manager of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association, and the progress made by the organization during the intervening period is eloquent of his capacity for such service. In 1897 Mr. Lubach was united in marriage to Miss Dora Greiert, by whom he has six children: Martha, at home ; William, who is engaged in the grocery business ; Herman ; Cordia, who is attending the State Normal School ; Dorothea, a high school student ; and Arthur, who is a grammar school pupil. Mr. Lubach is an independent voter, refusing to follow the dictates of party leaders, and has been deputy county assessor. He is ever ready to further measures for the general good to the extent of his ability, and his many friends throughout the county speak of him in terms of high regard. ALBERT M. FERRELL Poultry raising, including incubating and brooding, has become an exact science in recent years, and those who are achieving the most pronounced success in this business are those who are adopting the most up-to-date and approved methods. In this class stands Albert M. Ferrell, whose splendidly equipped poultry farm lies five miles northeast of Snohomish. Mr. Ferrell was born near Memphis, Tennessee, on the 11th of April, 1861, and is a son of Wesley H. and Penninah (Gulley) Ferrell, both of whom were natives of North Carolina and of old colonial stock. The paternal grandfather, Burton Ferrell, was born in North Carolina in 1807. Wesley H. Ferrell, who followed the vocation of farming, moved in 1883 from Tennessee to Texas, to which state our subject had gone two years before, and there the father spent his remaining years. His widow died some years later in Portland, Oregon. Albert M. Ferrell received his education in a private school in Tennessee. He went to Texas at the age of twenty years, remaining there until 1887, when he came to Seattle, Washington, and took up a homestead near Redmond, King county, which was his home until 1900, when he came to Everett. Here he was engaged in the automobile business from 1907 to 1912, and he shipped the first carload of cars into Snohomish county, it being the Mason, two cylinder car. In 1914 Mr. Ferrell built the Sunny-side store, the first country store in Snohomish county, and in the period of five years increased the volume of business from nine thousand dollars to fifty thousand dollars. In the fall of 1919 Mr. Ferrell bought a farm near Marysville, but sold it six months later and bought another farm near Monroe. This also he sold, and in 1921 he bought his present farm, on which he has engaged in the poultry business, conducting it in a manner that practically precludes any chance of failure. In one particular policy he has shown his progressive attitude, namely, the use of electricity in every way possible in connection with his farm and poultry operations. He uses electric incubators and brooders, electric egg testers, cuts his straw and feed by electric machines and pumps his water with an electric motor, while in the home he has electric lights, an electric cook stove, electric iron and other electric conveniences. Along other lines also he has shown marked foresight, as instead of depending upon enough rain to produce his kale, mangles and garden, he now irrigates the land when it needs water, by means of an irrigation pump and electric motor. He also has a Duro domestic automatic water system, which delivers water into the house and to all the buildings. Fire hydrants are installed in and around the buildings, and electricity will pump the water to fight possible fires. However, the phase of the business in which electricity is probably most appreciated by Mr. Ferrell is in the incubators and brooders, for he is now producing much better chicks than 3.34 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ever before. He has a fifteen thousand egg Peterseim electric incubator, besides thirteen five hundred and forty egg machines.. He expects to put in another fifteen thousand egg incubator soon, as at present he is not able nearly to fill all his orders for baby chicks. All of his foundation stock conies from J. A. Hanson, of Corvallis, Oregon, who produced the world's record White Leghorn hen. After the chicks come out of the incubators they are put into the brooders until forty-eight hours old, the temperature of this nursery being kept at seventy-five degrees by an electric heater with automatic control. The chicks are not jolted around when weak, but are given a chance to gain strength, thus making it possible for Mr. Ferrell to deliver nothing but good, strong, healthy baby chicks. In 1914 Mr. Ferrell was united in marriage to Mrs. Ida M. Smith, of Snohomish, a daughter of Adam and Jane (Siple) Cramer, the former of whom died in Iowa and the latter in California. Mrs. Ferrell came to Snohomish in 1888. Mr. and Mrs. Ferrell each have four children by previous marriages. Mr. Ferrell is a member of the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association. He is independent in his political views, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment as to men and measures. He is a man of great energy and determination, and the success that has crowned his efforts has been well merited. WEST COAST DAIRY One of the leading and most prosperous dairy concerns of western Washington is the West Coast Dairy, of Everett, whose "Golden West" butter has gained favor with discriminating people. This company was established by 0. C. Raymond, who met with such encouraging success that in 1916 the business was incorporated, Mr. Raymond becoming president of the company and W. G. Hattrick, secretary and treasurer. The business was first started at Anacortes, Washington, and a branch house is still maintained there. They also have a creamery at Oak Harbor. In 1925 Mr. Raymond came to Everett and bought the Coast ice plant, at Everett and McDougall avenues, rebuilding the structure, which is one hundred by one hundred and twenty feet in size. This plant is equipped with modern machinery and is well adapted to the purposes for which it is used. It has a capacity of eighty thousand pounds of butter per month, and it is a widely recognized fact that no better butter is found anywhere, its quality gaining for it a tremendous popularity. The company also handles eggs and cheese and does a wholesale business only. In addition to the plants already mentioned, the West Coast Dairy also maintains plants at Wenatchee and Twisp, Washington. They employ forty persons and operate four trucks out of Everett. The business has enjoyed a steady and substantial growth and the West Coast Dairy is numbered among the important industries of Snohomish county. ROBERT B. MILLER Among those who are in a very definite measure contributing to the prestige of Snohomish county as a horticultural locality is the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch, a man whose progressive and enterprising spirit and up-to-date methods have gained results that reflect creditably on his sound judgment and business ability. Robert B. Miller is a native of Scotland, born in 1869, and is a son of John and Christine (Ballantine) Miller, both of whom spent their entire lives in that country. He received his education at Ayr Academy, George Watsons College, Edinburgh, and Edinburgh University. After remaining at home several years longer, Mr. Miller determined to seek a field of larger opportunity for individual advancement, and, having his choice of India, New Zealand or America, he chose the last named. In 1890 he came to the United States and for awhile made no definite choice of location, traveling over the country, visiting the cities of Minneapolis, Chicago, Denver and New York, and also a number of states, including Washington and California. In 1898 he came to Seattle, Washington, as a purchasing agent, buying and inspecting timber and other commodities and making that city his headquarters for three or four years. Becoming favorably impressed with the scenery and climate of this section of the state, as well as the opportunity for fishing and hunting, he selected Startup as his home and continued to engage in the buying of lumber. He remained there until 1910, during which period he had been acquiring property, and in that year lie moved to his present location and started planting pear trees. He now has three hundred and forty-eight acres of land, about two hundred and twenty-five acres of which are cleared and he has one hundred and eighty-seven ROBERT B. MILLER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 337 acres set out to pears, chiefly of the Bartlett, Anjou and Bosc varieties. His early plantings have now reached maturity, yielding very satisfactory crops in comparison with other districts. He sells to local canneries and ships to the New York market. It is the largest producing pear orchard in the state. Mr. Miller keeps many bees for pollenization purposes and in all his operations he keeps abreast the most advanced methods in the care and handling of the fruit. In 1902 Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Annie May Greeley, who was born in Maine. Her father, E. M. Greeley, now deceased, was also a native of that state. He came to the coast many years ago, making the voyage around Cape Horn on a sailing vessel, and first located in Oregon. To Mr. and Mrs. Miller have been born nine children, namely: Marjorie, Dorothy, Hugh (who was drowned in the river in childhood), Robert, Ellen, Bruce, Joyce, Barbara and Marion. Mr. Miller has been deeply interested in educational affairs and rendered effective service as a member of school boards, being at the present time chairman of the district school board and of the school board of the Sultan high school. He has been serving for many years as justice of the peace. Fraternally he is a member of Sultan Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; Wallace Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Everett Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is an active member and a former president of the Western Washington Horticultural Society and has taken a commendable interest in all matters affecting the horticulturists of this section of the state. Though unassuming in manner, he possesses a strong individuality, has been an influential factor in the advancement of his community and stands as a splendid example of the virile, progressive men who do thoroughly and well whatever they undertake. Because of these attributes, as well as for his kindly and cordial manner, he is universally regarded as one of the representative citizens of Snohomish county. LESTER SERVIS The progress of any community depends upon the enterprise and ability of its citizens, and through his operations in the laundry and heating business Lester Servis has become a vital force in the commercial development of Snohomish, while at the same time he has gained the merited reward of well directed industry. A native of Canada, he was born in the province of Ontario in 1865, and during his childhood his parents, Lester and Eliza Jane (Emigh) Servis, returned to the United States. His mother was born in Pennsylvania and the father was a native of New York. The latter conducted one of the early hotels of Michigan, and he passed away in that state. His widow afterward established her home in Snohomish and here spent the remainder of her life. Their son, Lester Servis, attended the public schools of Ontario and completed his education in Michigan. He became an accomplished musician and played in a large band, also teaching music. Coming to northwestern Washington in 1902, he purchased stock in the Snohomish Steam Laundry and now controls the business, of which he is the president. It was established about 1885 by a Mr. Durr and has always been located at the foot of A street. Mr. Servis infused new life into the business, which has been in operation for more than forty years and ranks with the oldest institutions of the kind in this part of the state. He has installed modern machinery and has one of the finest plants in the county. He places quality before speed, and hundreds of satisfied patrons testify to the high standard of service maintained by the Snohomish Steam Laundry. For two years Mr. Servis operated a shingle mill in this locality, and he now furnishes steam heat to the business district of Snohomish. The city has also granted him a franchise for supplying the residential section with heat, and in 1923 he inaugurated this service, using waste from the mill for fuel. He has created an important public utility, utilizing a large force of men in its operation, while the laundry furnishes work to about twelve employes. A business man of well balanced capacities and powers, he is well equipped for the conduct of important affairs and has been successful in all of his undertakings. In 1894 Mr. Servis married Miss Edna Huff, of Hillsdale, Michigan, a daughter of William H. Huff, one of the pioneer settlers of that state. To this union were born two children, a son and a daughter. Max, the elder, enlisted during the World war and went to France with the American Expeditionary Forces, spending two years overseas. He afterward attended a dental college, and was fatally injured by a taxicab. He was a young man of fine character and his untimely death was a great shock to the family as well as to a large circle of sincere friends. His sister, Genevieve, is the wife of Frank Ralson, who acts as manager of the Snohomish Steam Laundry. Mr. Servis is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and he maintains an independent attitude in 338 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY politics, reserving the right to vote according to the dictates of his judgment. He is a broadminded man, liberal in his views on all subjects, and has thoroughly demonstrated his worth as a citizen, enjoying to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of the residents of this community. C. H. BENTLEY This representative and honored citizen of Everett has been distinctively the architect of his own fortunes, has been true and loyal in all the relations of life and stands as a type of that sterling manhood which ever commands respect and honor. He is a man who would have won his way in any environment where fate might have placed him, for he has • sound judgment, coupled with great energy and business tact, which, together with upright principles, make for success whenever they are rightly and persistently applied. Mr. Bentley, who conducts a successful tansfer and storage business at Everett, was born in Wilmington, Ohio, in 1879, and is a son of Elam and Nancy (Custis) Bentley, farming folk of that community, both of whom are now deceased. C. H. Bentley was reared on the home farm and secured his education in the schools of the neighborhood. In 1899, when twenty years of age, he went to Idaho, where he homesteaded a tract of land, which lie operated for two years and then sold. In 1901 Mr. Bentley came to Everett an:I was employed in the transfer business until 1916, when he engaged in business for himself, establishing the Service Truck & Storage Company. In this enterprise he met with success from the beginninf; and during the ten years that he has been in business he has enjoyed not only a very satisfactory measure of prosperity, but he has at the same time gained an enviable standing among his fellow business men because of his enterprising and progressive methods. He was first located at 3202 Hewitt avenue but increased business compelled him to secure large: quarters and he is now establish:d at 2822 Hoyt avenue. He operates three trucks and vans, employs from seven to n'ne persons, and has a fine storage warehouse, three floors, fifty by one hundred feet in size, giving him fifteen thousand feet of floor space. "Bentley the Mover" has become a famliar term to the people of Everett, and he enjoys his full share of the public pat ona-e in his line. He employs none but expert movers and truckmen, and painstaking care is taken in fulfilling every contract handled by him. On January 19, 1904, Mr. Bentley was married to Miss Inez Starbuck, who is a native of Ohio, and a daughter of Adin and Louisa Starbuck, the former of whom is deceased, while the latter still resides in Ohio. To M and Mrs. Bertley have been born two chldren, Adin and Forest, aged respectively nineteen and eigh'een years. Mr. Bentley is aligned with the republican party and gives his support to every measure calculated to advance the welfare or prosperity of his community. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club and the Livestock Association. What success he has attained has been entirely owing to his individual efforts, his indomitable energy and his business ability. From a modest beginning he has gradually forged ahead and is now enjoying a well merited prosperity. He has been true to every trust reposed in him, and his reputation in a business way is unassailable. Because of these elements in his character, he has deservedly won a high place in the confidence and good will of the entire community and is numbered among its leading men of affairs. J. E. HALL J. E. Hall has lived in various parts of the west, gaining valuable experience in many lines of endeavor, and for nine years he has been a resident of Snohomish and one of its prominent automobile dealers. He was born in Republic county, Kansas, in 1880 and was a boy of eleven years when his parents, Frank E. and Eva (Holland) Hall, migrated to the Pacific coast. They settled on a ranch near Salem, Oregon, and there the father was engaged in farming for many years. After his retirement he moved to Seattle, Washington, where he passed away. The mother is still living in that city. J. E. Hall completed his education in the public schools of Oregon and aided his father in tilling the soil. He followed agricultural pursuits for a few years and in 1905 came to western Washington. He entered the store of Frederick & Nelson, general merchants of Seattle, and remained with that firm for several years. He was next owner of the Greenlake Livery & Transfer business, which he conducted for a few years, and then went to Montana, taking up a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 339 homestead near Havre. There he spent four years, devoting his energies to the improvement and cultivation of the tract, and on the expiration of that period returned to Seattle. In March, 1917, he came to Snohomish and embarked in the automobile business, securing a desirable location at the corner of Union and First streets. In September, 1918. the business was incorporated under the name of the Hall Automobile Company, of which he has since been the president. The firm has the agency for the Star car and employs three experienced mechanics in its repair shop, maintaining a high standard of service. The business is capably managed and is growing rapidly, reflecting the enterprising spirit and progressive methods of its executive head. In 1905 Mr. Hall married Miss Leota Blanche Burke, daughter of H. G. Burke, who was formerly engaged in merchandising in Nebraska and is now living retired in Snohomish. The children of this union are : Evetta, a student at the Puget Sound College ; and Caroline, who is attending high school. Mr. Hall is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while in politics he is a republican with independent views. He was elected a member of the city council in 1921, serving for a term, and for three years has been clerk of the school hoard. He performs his work with characteristic thoroughness and efficiency, giving to the community the best service of which he is capable, and has faithfully discharged every duty and obligation in life, whether of a public or private nature. GEORGE H. JERREAD Examples that impress force of character on all who study them are worthy of record, and by a few general observations may be conveyed some idea of the characteristics and worthy career of George H. Jerread, who is now conducting the leading undertaking establishment in Everett and who through a course of yeai-s has risen in the esteem and confidence of the people among whom he has lived, until today he is deservedly numbered among the representative citizens of his locality. Mr. Jerread was born in Tacoma, Washington, on the 9th of November, 1895, and is a son of John F. and Anna E. (Streator) Jerread. A biography of the father appears on another page of this work. George H. Jerread secured his education in the public schools of Everett and then joined his father in the undertaking business, with which he has been identified since 1913, while during the past two years he has been in active charge thereof. He is an ideal funeral director, possessing to a marked degree the peculiar qualities so essential in that business, giving careful and thoughtful attention to the wants of those who engage his services. The m.m-tuary is well equipped for the handling of funeral parties, the chapel seating two hundred persons, and ten automobiles of the various types required are employed in the business. Mr. Jerread has given close and earnest study to every phase of his work and is handling his full share of the representative patronage of this city and surrounding country. Mr. Jerread was married to Miss Elizabeth M. Klapp, and they are the parents of two children, John G. and George H., Jr. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World. He is also a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Gyro Club. Mr. Jerread maintains an independent attitude in politics and is an active supporter of all measures calculated to advance the prosperity and welfare of his community. Courteous and gentlemanly in demeanor, and genial and affable in his social relations, he has long enjoyed the respect and good will of all with whom he has come in contact. WILLIAM HOWARD DONNELL William Howard Donnell, who represents one of the pioneer families of the county, is the proprietor of a filling station at Snohomish and is a young man of enterprise and ability, endowed with all of the qualities necessary for success in the business world. He was born January 24, 1898, and has always resided in this community. He is a son of George H. and Ora (Baker) Donnell, who were among the early settlers of Kansas. They came to Washington as pioneers, locating at Anacortes when the town was enjoying a boom, and soon afterward moved to Snohomish county. The father operated a farm in Cherry valley and was also an able educator, teaching in schools throughout the county. Later he became a mail 340 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY carrier and faithfully served the government in that capacity for eighteen years. He came to Snohomish in 1897 and is now living retired, still making his home in the town. W. H. Donnell was graduated from the Snohomish high school and afterward entered the University of Washington, which he attended for a year. He then became a salesman for the Hall Automobile Company and for a number of years was in the employ of that firm, acquiring valuable experience. In May, 1923, he decided upon an independent venture and opened a gas station at 219 Maple street, which is also the location of the Fruit Growers Association. Mr. Donnell established the first filling station in Snohomish and has the only private station in the county equipped to buy in carload lots. He has installed an underground storage tank with a capacity of twelve thousand gallons and buys his oil and gasoline from the Standard Oil Company. He also handles tires and a full line of automobile accessories. He enjoys his work and at the age of twenty-eight years has already gained a position of leadership, conducting a business of large proportions. On July 22, 1924, Mr. Donnell married Miss Pearl Stoughton, a native of Snohomish and a daughter of E. P. Stoughton. Following her graduation from the Snohomish high school, Mrs. Donnell completed a course in the State Normal College at Bellingham, Washington, and was then engaged in teaching at Snohomish for two years. To this union has been born a daughter, Barbara June. Mr. Donnell is a republican in his political views, but he has never entered politics. His interest centers in his business, and judging by the progress he has already made, the future holds much in store for him. He is a young man of substantial worth and a native son whose record is a credit to the community. SAMUEL C. BOYD Upon the roll of respected and useful citizens of Snohomish county who have passed to their reward appears the name of Samuel C. Boyd, than whom no resident of Everett enjoyed to a greater degree the esteem of those who knew him. His life was characterized by persistent industry and right living, and his kindly and genial manner, his splendid character and his helpful influence earned him the high place which he held in public confidence. Mr. Boyd was born in the north of Ireland, August 10, 1860, and was a son of James and Elizabeth Boyd, both of whom also were natives of that locality, where the father was manager of a large estate up to the time of his death. Samuel C. Boyd attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and when about fourteen years of age accompanied his mother to the United States. They located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, where the lad went to work to assist in supporting his mother. When about nineteen years of age he went to Chicago, where he obtained employment in a wholesale grocery. After gaining a thorough acquaintance with that line of goods, he and his brother-in-law engaged in the retail grocery business, in which they continued for a number of years. Mr. Boyd then sold his interest in the store and in 1899 came to Seattle, Washington, where he remained about three years, being employed by the Louch-Augustine wholesale grocery house. He subsequently came to Everett and worked for the Wiles-Metzger grocery for a time, and also for the Holcomb grocery. Then he worked a short time for a laundry, and later was in the laundry business on his own account. During the later years of his life he was connected with the city construction department. His death occurred February 24, 1922. In addition to the activities already mentioned, Mr. Boyd was during almost the entire period of his residence in Everett interested in the nursery business, which was managed mainly by Mrs. Boyd, who since her husband's death has continued the business, in which she has met with splendid success. She specializes in roses and shrubs, of which she keeps many varieties, and by her good judgment and close attention to details has built up a large and prosperous enterprise. In October, 1899, Mr. Boyd was united in marriage to Miss Anna E. Sawyer, who is a native of Illinois and a daughter of Harrison and Emily (Miller) Sawyer, both of whom also were natives of that state, of which her grandfather was one of the early settlers. She comes of a long line of sturdy American ancestry, running back to pre-Revolutionary days. Her father had been educated for the ministry, but devoted himself to teaching, and also did considerable farming. He spent the greater part of his life in Illinois, but he and his wife are now living in Oklahoma. Mrs. Boyd received a good public school education and at the age of seventeen years began teaching school, following that profession three years. She then took a business course and followed secretarial work up to the time of her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Boyd were born three children : Ralph, who is now with the Weyerhaeuser Lumber Company, is a veteran of the World war, having served with Battery A, Sixteenth Battalion, Field Artillery. He was married to Miss Helen Haughen, and he is a member of the Bene- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 341 volent and Protective Order of Elks. Helen, who was graduated from the Everett high school and the State Normal School at Bellingham, taught prior to her marriage to Andrew Johnson, of Burlington, Washington. They are now living in Idaho. Robert, who also was graduated from the Everett high school, is with the Weyerhaeuser mill, and likewise assists his mother in the nursery business. Mr. Boyd was a member of the Trades Council, while in his political views he was a republican. He was an earnest member of the United Presbyterian church, while Mrs. Boyd belongs to the Baptist church. Mr. Boyd was interested in everything pertaining to the welfare of his community or his fellowmen and was regarded as a man of sterling character and unimpeachable integrity. AUGUST HOLMQUIST Among the natives of Sweden who have become honored and respected citizens of Snohomish county stands August Holmquist, who for a long period was engaged in the mill business here, but is now practically retired from active affairs. A native of northern Sweden, he was born April 5, 1859, and is a son of Frank Johan and Christina (Busk) Holmquist, the father born in southern Sweden and the mother in northern Sweden. The father was a cabinet- and pattern maker by trade, but soon after his marriage he became a ship's carpenter and went to sea with his brother-in-law, some of his voyages to China and the Orient lasting three years. August Holmquist learned the trade of a cabinetmaker and at twelve years of age was making furniture on the farms in the vicinity where he lived. At the age of fifteen he gave up that vocation and worked as a ship loader. Eventually he went into a blacksmith shop as a helper and in that same shop learned the trade of a machinist. In 1878 he attended a navigation school, being one of the youngest ever to attend that school, and received his papers as a second engineer. He then went to sea and followed that line of employment until 1882, when he left the sea and came to the United States. Locating in Minnesota, he worked in the mill yards at Cloque a few months. The mill owners experienced trouble with their engine, and Mr. Holmquist, because of his experience as an engineer, was called upon to remedy the trouble. This he did successfully and then took a job as hoisting engineer on a construction job, and later on erection work. He then ran a machine shop for a short time, after which he went to Duluth, where he remained about a year. Returning to Cloque, he was put in charge of a machine shop for a lumber company. In 1889 he came to Washington, being at Tacoma and Seattle a short time, after which he went to Edmonds and ran a mill for Nels Owens. Then he and several other men put up a shingle mill at Edmonds, which they operated until the fall of 1903, when Mr. Holmquist sold his interest and went to Sultan, where he built another shingle mill. This he operated until 1907, when he came to Monroe and built a shingle mill here. During the first year one of the kilns was burned, but was rebuilt, and Mr. Holmquist continued to run this mill until 1916, when he retired from business. While living in Cloque, Minnesota, in 1886, Mr. Holmquist was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Larson, who is a native of Sweden, where both of her parents died when she was a young girl. Mr. and Mrs. Holmquist have no children of their own, but they adopted a daughter at the age of one and a half years, Mary Gladys, who is now the wife of E. C. White, of Monroe, and they have two children, Lucile E. and Norman August. Mr. Holmquist is vice president and a director of the First National Bank of Monroe. During the early days here he did a good deal of free road work, and during all the years of his residence in this part of the country he has actively cooperated in all efforts to advance the welfare or progress of the communities where he has lived. A man o f strong individuality and well defined opinions on public questions, he is influential in the circles in which he moves and is looked upon as one of the representative men of Snohomish county. W. 0. DOLSEN W. 0. Dolsen, station agent at Snohomish for the Great Northern Railroad Company, has to his credit an enviable record of service, and his standing as a citizen is indicated by the fact that he was the popular choice for mayor, ably administering the affairs of the municipality. He was born December 26, 1860, and is a native of Ontario, Canada. His parents were Joseph C. and Mary (Guttridge) Dolsen, the former a well known building contractor of Sombra, Ontario. W. 0. Dolsen attended the public schools of his native province and there served an 342 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY apprenticeship to the printer's trade, which lie followed for four years. He then learned telegraphy and in 1882 started to work for the Canadian Pacific Railway Company. In 1884 he entered the employ of the Great Northern Railroad Company at Minneapolis and was afterward sent to St. Paul, Minnesota. He was station agent at Mora, that state, for a year and filled a similar position at Sandcoulee, Montana, for three years. He has had charge of the depot at Snohomish since 1893 and has been stationed in one place for a longer period than any other western agent of the company. He has been with the corporation for forty-two years, and his duties are performed with thoroughness and accuracy. The best years of his life have been given to the service of the corporation, which numbers him among its most reliable and valuable agents. In 1887 Mr. Dolsen married Miss Torrey Lewis, of Monticello, Minnesota, and two children have been born to them. Mae H., the elder, is the wife of H. A. Gillespie, who is engaged in the theatrical business at Yakima, Washing-ton, and they have become the parents of a daughter. R. W. Dolsen is the owner of a lumberyard at Leavenworth, Washington, and has a wife and a son. Mr. Dolsen is allied with the democratic party, and as mayor of Snohomish he was instrumental in securing for the town many needed reforms and improvements. He was a member of the library board for many years, and he has demonstrated his public spirit by both word and deed, holding a secure place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. He is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the local aerie of Eagles, taking a keen interest in fraternal affairs. THOMAS DUNSTAN Among the natives of England who have had a part in the great work of developing; Snohomish county, specific mention should be made in this history of the Dunstan family, worthily represented here now by Thomas Dunstan, whose splendid farm is located in the Tualco valley. He is a native of Cornwall, England, born March 8, 1868, and is a son of George Oliver and Anna Maria (Dingle) Dunstan, also natives of the same locality. The father was the first of the family to come to the United States, being followed by his wife and children when our subject was a year old. They settled in Niles, Ohio, where the father was employed as a heater in a rolling mill. He followed that occupation until 1882, when he came to Snohomish county and here wo:ked in the woods and in sawmills. Later he homesteaded forty acres of land, comprising the present home of our subject and on which the family settled in 1893. At that time only a trail led to the place and the family effects were brought by canoe. The land had been logged but was not cleared, and a vast amount of hard work was required in order to get it in shape for cultivation. The father devoted himself closely to the improvement of the place and eventually created a good farm, living here until about two years prior to his death, which occurred in 1916. The mother passed away in 1914. To this worthy couple were born five children, as follows : Oliver, who lives at Fall City, King county ; Jack, who died in 1910 ; Thomas; Mrs. Anna Dolloff, whose husband owns the Dolloff Motor Company of Everett, and who is the mother of two children, Ralph and Ruthell ; William, commissioner of hatcheries at Bothell, who is married and has four children. Thomas Dunstan received his education in the public schools of Niles, Ohio, and accompanied his parents on their removal to Snohomish county. Here he went to work in the woods, his first job being to grease the skids for the loggers in the employ of Blackman Brothers. In 1898 he went to Alaska, where he was engaged in mining until 1904, when he came home because of the illness of his parents. He remained with them through that winter and then returned to Alaska to settle up his affairs, after which he came back to the home place and has lived here continuously since. The land is practically all cleared and here Mr. Dunstan at first engaged in general farming, but is now confining his attention mainly to dairying, keeping six good milk cows, and also raises some fruit. The improvements on the place are all of a substantial character and Mr. Dunstan is very comfortably and pleasantly situated. He is a charter member of Monroe Lodge, No. 156, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which order his father was a member in England. During his early years here Mr. Dunstan did a good deal of free road work. During 1888-1889 he engaged in freighting for the "big hop ranch" on the Snoqualmie river, at first using canoes, but later used a boat built at Seattle, which was fifty-four feet long, four feet wide and had a hold twenty-eight feet long. This boat carried a load of five tons and drew eight inches of water, a capstan and cable being required to haul it up through the rapids. Mr. Dunstan has always been a hard working man, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 343 indolence or idleness being foreign to his nature, and during the years of his residence here he has enjoyed the respect and esteem of his fellowmen, for he has exhibited those qualities of character which invariably command public confidence. GEORGE C. WEBSTER George C. Webster, formerly a well known contractor of Snohomish, is now devoting his attention to the hardware trade and in the conduct of the business displays the enterprise and determination which characterize the men of the west. He was born December 22, 1870, and is a native of Rochester, Minnesota. His parents were James P. and Wilmina A. (Babcock) Webster, the former of whom was born in Ohio and the latter in Pennsylvania. The father was one of the pioneer building contractors of Minnesota. In 1879 he entered a homestead in South Dakota and in 1880 the town of Webster was built on the land and named in his honor. Later he engaged in general merchandising, conducting the second store in the town, and after his retirement returned to Minnesota. His death occurred at St. Cloud, that state, in 1907, and the mother passed away in 1912 at the home of the subject of this sketch. George C. Webster attended the public schools of South Dakota and afterward served an apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade. In 1888 he went to Gold Hill, Oregon, and subsequently returned to South Dakota. In 1906 he came to Washington and was engaged in contracting at Wenatchee for about ten years. He located at Snohomish in 1916 and continued in that line for three years, filling many important contracts. In 1919 Mr. Webster turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, and he now has a fine hardware store, also handling paint and glass. He carries a large stock, and his progressive methods and well known honesty have enabled him to establish a good trade. In 1894 Mr. Webster married Miss Loa 0. Shephard, a daughter of Albert A. and Hetty Ann Shephard, pioneers of South Dakota, but now residents of Portland Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Webster have a family of eight children : Vivian, the wife of H. L. Robertson, of Snohomish, by whom she has a daughter, Phyllis ; Fern, now Mrs. Victor Powers, of San Francisco, California ; Marion, who married Paul McAvoy, a well known plumber of Snohomish, and has become the mother of three children, Vivian, Edgar and Margaret; and James Glenn, Harold, Mildred, Morris and Patricia, all at home. Mr. Webster is not bound by party ties, but casts his ballot for the candidate whom he considers best qualified for office, and in all matters of citizenship he is loyal, progressive and public-spirited. He served for two years on the city council of Snohomish and while a resident of Chelan county, Washington, acted as constable. His wife is one of the Pythian Sisters and he is connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan, the Nomads and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Mr. Webster has many friends in these organizations, and he measures up to high standards in every relation of life. JOHN S. WHITE The biographies of the representative men of a community, either of a past or the present generation, bring to light many hidden treasures of mind, character and courage, well calculated to arouse the pride of their descendants and of the community, and it is a source of regret that the people are not more familiar with the personal history of such men, in the ranks of whom may be found members of all professions and followers of all vocations. Snohomish county has been the home and field of labor of many men who have led lives which should serve as an inspiration to those who follow them on the scene of life's activities. One of the useful workers in the world's work, a man of well rounded character, sincere, devoted and loyal, was John S. White, who for many years stood in the front rank of the leading contractors of Snohomish county. He was born in Tamworth, Carroll county, New Hampshire, on the 13th of July, 1845, a son of Isaac White, and was reared at home, attending the public schools of his community. At the age of eighteen years he learned the trade of a carpenter, which vocation he followed in his native state for about fifteen years. He then went to Topeka, Kansas, where he worked at carpentering for a number of years, and in 1884 came to Snohomish, where he engaged in the business of contracting. At that time there were no carpenters here, and he filled a much-needed want. He erected a large number of the early buildings in Snohomish and vicinity, including many of the best buildings on First street. Mr. White held to a marked degree the confidence of all with whom he had dealings and 344 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY gained a reputation as a reliable and dependable man in every relation of life. He remained actively engaged in the contracting business up to the time of his death, which occurred October 17, 1920. On January 1, 1871, Mr. White was married to Miss Delia R. Lamb, who was born at Fort Wayne, Indiana, a daughter of Galand and Lucy (Weston) Lamb, both of whom were natives of New York state, and of sterling old American ancestry, going back a number of generations. They were the parents of nine children. At the age of three Mrs. White went with her family to Minnesota, where her father followed his trade, that of a blacksmith, and from that time on for a number of years the family moved many times, Mrs. White living in fourteen states of the Union prior to her marriage. In every place where he located, the father followed blacksmithing. Since her husband's death Mrs. White has remained on the home place, which comprises two lots, including a splendid garden, and she also keeps chickens and a cow, so that she is very comfortably situated. She also has a ten acre tract on Fifth street, Snohomish. To Mr. and Mrs. White were born three children : Linnie, who was for ten years employed as a bookkeeper in the First National Bank of Snohomish, is the wife of Charles Sprau, who runs a chicken ranch at this place. Allie died at the age of eighteen years. Elsie, who is employed in the Dexter-Horton Bank in Seattle, is the wife of Charles Hooten, who works in the Great Northern Railroad office in Seattle, and they have a daughter, Alice, who was graduated from the grade schools at the age of thirteen years and is now a student in the Seattle high school. Linnie and Elsie are both graduates of the Snohomish high school. Mrs. White has been a member of the Daughters of Rebekah for thirty years, and she is eligible for membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr. White gave his political support to the republican party and always took a good citizen's interest in public affairs, having served for a number of years as a member of the city council. Fraternally he was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was a faithful and earnest member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which the family are members, and he gave generously to its support. Viewing his life in perspective, none can fail to have an appreciation of his labors at a time when such powers as his were at a premium, and he should ever be remembered as one of the noble, kindly and public-spirited men of affairs who played a conspicuous role in the early drama of civilization in this locality. His integrity was of the most unswerving type. He was a man of impressive personality and possessed to a marked degree the characteristics which gain for a man the esteem, confidence and friendship of his fellows. LOUIS HALVORSEN Among the sons of Norway who have been valuable acquisitions to the population of Snohomish county stands Louis Halvorsen, one of the best known farmers in the southwestern part of the county and a man who has contributed in every possible way to the improvement and upbuilding of his section of the county. Mr. Halvorsen was born in Norway on the 12th of February, 1870, and is a son of Halvor and Karen (Klarsen) Olsen, both of whom were natives of Norway, where the father was engaged in the wholesale and retail grocery and feed business. The family came to the United States in 1885, locating at Dayton, Columbia county, in eastern Washington, where they remained about two years. They then went to Puyallup, where they lived two years, at the end of which time, in 1889, they came to Snohomish county, the father homesteading one hundred and sixty acres of land near Monroe. He devoted himself to the improvement and cultivation of that place, creating a valuable farm, and lived there until his death, which occurred in 1893. The land had been logged and burned over a number of years before he bought it, but a vast amount of work was required to get it ready for the plow. A rude puncheon road led part way to the land, a mere trail running the rest of the way—in fact there was no road worthy of the name until 1900, when a volunteer road was put through by the residents of the locality. Our subject's mother died in 1910. Louis Halvorsen attended the public schools in his native land but was not able to attend after coming to this country. In both Columbia county and Puyallup he worked out, and returned to eastern Washington before coming to Snohomish county. He was employed in T. H. Williams & Company's sawmill for eight years, and worked on the boom, having charge of the logs which were being floated to the mill. In 1911 he bought his present place, comprising thirty acres of excellent land, of which he now has about twenty-two acres cleared. Here he carries on general farming, his land returning abundant crops of hay and grain, and he keeps a number of good milk cows and a nice flock of chickens. In addition to the operation HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 345 of his farm, Mr. Halvorsen runs the school bus from Tester Valley to Monroe, carrying pupils to the Union high school, the city grade school and the Park Place school. While living in eastern Washington, in 1899, Mr. Halvorsen was united in marriage to Miss Nina Gergorsen, who was born in Wisconsin, a daughter of Ole and Gunhild Gergorsen, both of whom were natives of Norway but came,to the United States prior to the Civil war. To Mr. and Mrs. Halvorsen have been born two children, namely : Rachel, who is the wife of William Handley of Monroe, and is the mother of four children ; and Gladys, who is the wife of Byron Perry, of Monroe, and has one child. Mr. Halvorsen has always taken a deep interest in educational affairs and served on the Monroe high school and grade school boards. He was formerly a member of the Woodmen of the World and the Grange at Monroe. Because of his industry, his success and his fine public spirit, Mr. Halvorsen has gained an enviable place in the esteem of the entire community in which he lives. CHARLES W. GRADER Charles W. Grader, a progressive agriculturist, is the owner o f a fine ranch in the vicinity of Snohomish, and in the early days he was engaged in contracting, contributing materially toward the upbuilding and improvement o f western Washington. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, June 25, 1874, and his parents, C. W. and Sophia (Carlsen) Grader, were natives of Denmark. They came to the United States on a combination sail- and steamboat and were twenty-one days in making the voyage across the ocean. The father was an experienced carpenter and became one of the prominent contractors of Chicago. The public schools of his native city afforded Charles W. Grader his educational opportunities. In 1889 he came to the Pacific coast and first located in Fairhaven, Washington, being connected with logging operations in that district for about a year. He moved to Everett in 1890, when the city was in the embryonic stage of its development, and was awarded the contract to clear and grade the streets. He also worked in the lumber camps for several years and engaged in the contracting business for eight years, being very successful in grading highways and building bridges. He became recognized as a leader in that field of activity and was awarded many contracts in Grays Harbor county. In 1912 Mr. Grader bought land in that county, in which he followed agricultural pursuits for a number of years, and in 1925 purchased his present place. It contains seventy acres and is one of the oldest ranches in the county. The claim was proved up in 1871 but the tract had been entered many years prior to that time. When Mr. Grader acquired the property it was much in need of repair and he has already made many improvements, rebuilding as rapidly as possible. Among the notable features of the place is a cherry tree, which is fourteen feet in circumference and one of the oldest and largest in the world. The fruit resembles the Royal Ann but matures two weeks earlier than that variety and the cherries are smaller and sweeter. The tree is a beautiful sight in blossom time and has been examined by horticulturists connected with the University of Washington. There is also a pear tree on the place which is seventy feet in height. Mr. Grader has cleared much of the land, using scientific methods in its cultivation, and his principal crop is potatoes. He has a herd of thirty cows and raises his own roughage. He specializes in Guernseys and has a registered sire. He is gradually converting his herd into thoroughbreds, and his dairy is well equipped. He has devoted much study to this industry, and his work is carefully planned and systematically performed. In 1907 Mr. Grader married Miss Annie M. Thompson, a native of California and a daughter of Michael and Minnie Thompson, who migrated to Washington about 1900. Mr. Grader is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has exerted his efforts as readily for the public welfare as for his own aggrandizement, and while a resident of Grays Harbor county was road supervisor and fire warden, also serving on the school board. He has made good use of his opportunities, and his record proves that the old-fashioned virtues of industry, energy and honesty still constitute the key VI prosperity. CONSTANCE T. CEDERGREEN The Cedergreen family has been established in Snohomish county since 1871, when Constance T. Cedergreen's father arrived here, and during the fifty-five years which have elapsed since then the name has been a familiar one throughout the southwestern part of the county, the members of the family having through the .years contributed their quota to the development 346 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of the community. Constance T. Cedergreen was born on his father's farm east of Snohomish in December, 1901, and is the youngest of the fourteen children who were born to J. A. and Amelia (Frederickson) Cedergreen. The father was born in Sweden, December 9, 1846, and in 1863, when seventeen years old, he went to sea as a common sailor. He followed the high seas for four years, visiting Europe, Asia, North and South America and other parts of the world, and in 1867 landed at San Francisco. During the following three years he sailed on coastwise schooners and then located at San Juan island, moving later to Lopez island. In 1871 he came to Snohomish and for ten years was in the employ of E. C. Ferguson. In 1883 he took up a homestead and also a preemption, and there he devoted himself to the clearing of the land and the developing of a home. He prospered in his labors and today his place is numbered among the seven largest cultivated farms in the county. He was a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association. His death occurred in December, 1922, and he is survived by his widow, a native of Norway, to whom he was married December 25, 1877, and who is still living on the old homestead. To them were born fourteen children, as follows : Mabel Amanda is the wife of Jesse Smith, of Monroe, and they have four children. Alma is the wife of Edward Rickter and they have five children. Belle is the wife of H. E. Smith, of Lochsloy, Washington. Alfred, who lives in Colfax, is married and has four children. Victor Immanuel, of Wenatchee, is married and has three children. Reuben, of Wenatchee, is married and has two children. Ethel is the wife of Alfred Drennon and they live on the home place. Benjamin H. is married and lives at Wenatchee. Grace is the wife of Walter Gene, living near Snohomish. Willard 0. lives on the old home farm. Esther is the wife of R. H. Cook and they also live on the home farm. N. W. is married and lives at Monroe. Ivy died at the age of three months. Constance T. is the immediate subject of this sketch. Constance T. Cedergreen received his education in the public schools of Snohomish and then assisted in the operation of the home farm until March, 1926, when he rented the Austen place of forty acres, near Monroe. Here he is engaged in dairy farming, keeping fourteen Holstein and Guernsey cows, and the product of his dairy he ships to Seattle. His place is well improved and he is meeting with a fine measure of success. In March, 1924, Mr. Cedergreen was united in marriage to Miss Dorothy Folsom,, who was born at Roslyn, Washington. He is a gentleman of fine social qualities and is deservedly popular among his associates. He comes of one of Snohomish county's best families, whose sterling qualities are exemplified in his own makeup, for his record thus far has been such as to earn for him the sincere respect of his fellowmen. IVER JOHNSON The history of a community is best told in the lives of its citizens and an important chapter in the development of the Stillaguamish district is covered by the record of Iver Johnson, one of its honored pioneers. He achieved success in the fields of farming and merchandising, also filling public offices of trust and responsibility, and his career was conspicuously useful. He was born July 9, 1848, in Updal, Norway, and his parents, John and Maryet (Furness) Hangen, were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. Johnson received his education in the public schools of his native town and also had the benefit of instruction from private tutors. He learned the shoemaker's trade and aided his father in tilling the soil. He also studied the English language, having decided to profit by the opportunities of the new world, and when a young man of twenty arrived in the territory of Dakota. There he followed the occupation of farming for seven years and on the expiration of that period came to Washington, settling in Port Gamble, where he worked for two and a half years. After his marriage Mr. Johnson moved to Snohomish county and in the fall of 1878 secured railroad land. Later he filed a preemption claim to a place near Silvana and for a number of years devoted his energies to the development of that tract. He also opened a store in the town and was its postmaster during the administration of President Hayes. Eventually Mr. Johnson sold the business to L. P. Elvrum and moved to Stanwood, becoming a clerk in the employ of D. 0. Pearson. For five years he filled the position, which he resigned in 1895, and came to Snohomish as deputy auditor under Peter Leque. At the end of two years Mr. Johnson resumed his agricultural operations at Silvana and in 1898 was elected county commissioner. He acted in that capacity for four years, displaying rare qualities as a public servant, and on October 1, 1902, returned to Stanwood. He retained his eighty acre ranch and had sixty acres under cultivation. His place was improved with good buildings, and his principal crop was hay. His standards of farming were high, and he was also a stock MR. AND MRS. IVER JOHNSON HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 349 raiser. He purchased an interest in the Stanwood Hardware Company and afterward controlled the business, which prospered under his able management. In 1878 Mr. Johnson married Miss Martha Haugen, who was born in Norway in 1854 and passed away in the state of Washington in 1882. She was the mother of a son, Joseph B., who died September 19, 1898. Mr. Johnson's second marriage took place in Silvana and was with Miss Marie Funk, who was born January 26, 1869, on Langeland, Denmark. She came to the United States in 1880, when eleven years of age, and received the greater part of her education in the schools of Wisconsin. Her parents, Rasmus and Kirsten (Hansen) Funk, were also natives of Denmark, and her father passed away in that country in 1879, but the mother's demise occurred at Silvana, Washington, March 26, 1923. In their family were the following children: Christian, who lives in Langley, Washington; Peter, who died December 28, 1923; Fred, also of Langley ; Martin, whose home is in Arlington, Washington ; Christina, who died March 19, 1924; Mrs. Caroline Thompsen, of Arlington, this state, and Mrs. Constance Behrens, a resident of Seattle. Iver and Marie (Funk) Johnson were the parents of six children, all of whom received liberal educational advantages. Richard, the eldest, was born February 24, 1889, and lives at Elma. Myron was born March 14, 1890, and is a bachelor, making his home in Silvana. Isabel, born September 9, 1893, is now Mrs. J. L. Jordan, of Everett, and has two daughters : Marie, who was born September 14, 1914, and Ellen, born November 1, 1923. Mrs. Josephine Donker, the next of the family, was born August 9, 1898, and has four children: Robert, who was born April 20, 1917 ; Ruth, born May 19, 1918 ; Charles, whose birth occurred on the 9th of May, 1919, and Wayne, born June 16, 1921. Jack, born April 30, 1900, is unmarried. He served in the United States Marine Corps during the World war and is now a sergeant in the Washington National Guard. He went to Camp Perry, Ohio, and for four years in succession shot in the national tournament. He is an expert marksman and held the championship during 1924 and 1925 in the Washington National Guard. Philip, the youngest of the family, was born January 8, 1902, and is also unmarried. Mrs. Johnson is a member of the Neighbors of Woodcraft, belonging to Stanwood Lodge, No. 177. She is a capable business woman and with the assistance of her son, Philip, is successfully operating the home ranch near Silvana. She resides in the old farmhouse, which was erected about 1885 and ranked with the best in the district at that time. There were no sawmills in this locality and the lumber used in its construction was brought from Utsaladdy on a scow poled by five men. For several years before the town of Silvana came into existence church services were held in this historic dwelling and it was there that the first Lutheran church in the community was organized early in the '80s. The house was used as well for the conduct of a school and a store, and in this building was likewise located the post office of Stillaguamish. Mrs. Johnson has two horses and keeps eleven Guernsey cows of good grade, with a registered bull at the head of the herd. Her principal crops are hay and oats. She has a modern, well equipped dairy and is well informed regarding the latest developments along agricultural lines. Mr. Johnson was a leading spirit in all projects for civic advancement and was one of the organizers and an enthusiastic member of the city council of Eastwood. He was an ardent advocate of the good roads movement and a stanch champion of the cause of education. He was a stalwart adherent of the republican party and conformed his conduct to the teachings of the Lutheran church. Frank, generous, broadminded and public-spirited, he was a man whom to know was to respect and admire, and his death on the 11th of May, 1919, brought deep sorrow to many hearts. D. B. CASE The Bearing Supply Company is one of the best known and most prosperous concerns in Snohomish county, enjoying a high reputation for progress and fair dealing, and while the men who compose the firm have labored diligently for the advancement of their own interests, they have not been neglectful of their duties as citizens of one of the choicest sections of the commonwealth. D. B. Case has devoted himself indefatigably to the building up of the busi-'ness and because of his splendid record is held in the highest esteem by all classes with whom he has come in contact, enjoying their confidence because of his fair and straightforward business methods and his exemplary character. He is a native of Manistee, Michigan, his birth having occurred on the 25th of April, 1883, and is a son of W. W. and E. Louise (Allen) Case. His parents came to Lynden, Washington, in 1907, and the father was engaged in farming there up to the time of his death. D. B. Case received the advantage of a good public school education and then went to work for the McCormick Harvester Company as a traveling salesman. Later he came to 350 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Washington, locating at Anacortes, Skagit county, where he was employed as a filer in shingle mills, after which he became a salesman for the White Truck Company, following that line of business until October, 1920, when he entered into a partnership with A. L. Van Valey, under the firm name of the White Motor Car Company, and handled the agency for the White trucks. This business was discontinued in 1924, and they then established the Bearing Supply Company, handling replacement parts for automobiles and tractors and making a specialty of bearings of all kinds. They handle the most complete stock of bearings in the northwest and do a wholesale and retail business, covering Skagit and Snohomish counties. This business has developed into one of the most prosperous concerns in this locality and has filled a long-felt want in the local automobile field. On March 6, 1912, Mr. Case was married to Miss Alice Johnson, of Lawrence, Washington, and they are the parents of two children, Robert and Jack. Mr. Case is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the degrees of the Royal Arch chapter, and belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the United Commercial Travelers, as well as the Automotive Trades Association. In politics he is an independent republican, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He is a man of strong and alert mentality, keeps in close touch with the great questions of the day and holds well defined opinions. In all matters affecting the welfare or prosperity of his community he gives hearty cooperation, and is generous in his attitude toward all worthy causes. Quiet and unassuming in manner, he is nevertheless a man of strong personality, and is well deserving of the high measure of confidence and esteem which is accorded him. FRANK TUCKER Among those who have been closely and actively identified with the timber business in Snohomish county, none has done more effective work than Frank Tucker, who is regarded as an expert in his line and is still actively engaged as superintendent of logging camps, a position for which he is peculiarly well qualified both by nature and experience. Mr. Tucker is a native son of California, having been born at Oakland, October 9, 1865, and is a son of Thomas and Ellen (Farmer) Tucker. The mother was a native of Ireland, and came to this country in childhood. She was married to Mr. Tucker in Oakland and died in 1896. Thomas Tucker was born in England and in boyhood accompanied his parents on their emigration to the United States, the family locating in Illinois. Later he crossed the plains, driving a bull team, and was in the historic Mountain Meadow massacre. He first went to southern California, where he followed the carpenter's trade. Later he came to Snohomish county and entered a homestead of virgin timber land, which is now practically all cleared and under cultivation. He took an active part in early affairs here and served several years as road supervisor. He was at one time a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen but was not affiliated with these orders during his later years. His death occurred in 1910. To him and his wife were born three sons, namely : Frank, subject of this sketch ; Thomas R., of Idaho ; and Walter N., who lives on a part of the old homestead near our subject. Frank Tucker was reared in San Francisco and received his education in the public schools of that city. He learned the trade of a printing pressman, at which he worked for three years, and then, in 1883, he came to the Tualco valley with his father, who homesteaded here. They were compelled to walk to their land from Snohomish, their household goods and personal effects being brought by canoe. In the following year Frank Tucker went to work in the woods for John Elwell, Sr., and he has followed this line practically ever since, having served as superintendent of camps during the past fifteen years. He was with Stephen Bird a number of years and during the past nine years has been with the Bratnober Company. He is thoroughly familiar with every phase of the timber business, having started in greasing skids and working up through the various departments of the work, until today no man in this part of the state is considered more competent or trustworthy than Mr. Tucker. The greater part of his work has been in King and Snohomish counties and under his direction a vast amount of timber has been gotten out in this locality. In 1900 Mr. Tucker bought his present place, comprising four acres of land, on which stood an old log house, which served as his home for a time, but he now has a good residence and a very comfortable little homestead. On April 24, 1889, Mr. Tucker was united in marriage to Miss Ella Harriman, .who was born and reared in Tualco valley, a daughter of Charles and Lizzie (Kanum) Harriman, the former of whom was born in Maine and died in 1904, while the latter was a native of Snohomish county and died in 1898. Mr. Harriman came to this county in the early '60s, being the second. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 351 settler on the Skyhomish river, where he took up a homestead. To Mr. and Mrs. Tucker have been born nine children, namely : Bert H., a woodsman at Grays Harbor, who is married and has one child; Roy, a locomotive engineer at Cedar Falls, who is married and has two children; Frank, who is working in the woods ; Bessie, who is the wife of William Pearsall of Monroe, and has two children; Ruth, who is the wife of Arthur Gay, of Everett, and has two children; Alvin; Gertrude ; Edwin; and Evelyn. Mr. Tucker is a man of sterling character, indomitable industry and friendly manner, who enjoys a high standing among his fellowmen throughout this section of Snohomish county. EARLE A. BAILEY Among the young farmers of Snohomish county who are showing their seniors something in the way of progressive methods in their operations, Earle A. Bailey is one of the leaders, and because of his enterprise and his success he has gained the respect and esteem of all who know him. He is a native son of this county, having been born at Snohomish on the 19th of April, 1898. His parents, A. W. and Ellen (Hicks) Bailey, are natives of England, whence they came to the United States on their honeymoon in 1886. They were so attracted by the beauty of Snohomish that they decided to make this their permanent home and they are still honored residents of this locality. The father was long engaged in the lumber business, being interested financially in the lumber firm of Connor & Bailey, the Cascade Lumber & Shingle Company and other concerns, and is now interested in the Sun-Due Oil Company, which is drilling wells near Snohomish. Earle A. Bailey attended the public schools and for two years was a student in the State Agricultural College at Pullman. Since returning home he has devoted himsel f closely to farming and dairying, in which he has been eminently successful. He bought his present farm of one hundred acres near Snohomish, it being a part of the tract which was purchased by his uncle, Robert Hughes, about 1862. The land was out of the family for many years, until purchased by Mr. Bailey in 1917. When he bought the land it was badly encumbered with stumps and brush, but he now has it all cleared and a part of it under cultivation, the remainder being devoted to pasture. Mr. Bailey keeps from thirty-five to forty cows, mostly Holstein-Freisans, and raises practically all the roughage and grain needed for his stock. In 1918 Mr. Bailey was united in marriage to Miss Florence Margaret Kleisath, who is a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of J. F. and Marga-et Kleisath, both of whom also were born in Pennsylvania. They came to Snohomish county about 1900 and the father is now engaged in business in Everett. To Mr. and Mrs. Bailey has been born a daughter, Ellen Margaret, now two years old. Mr. Bailey is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the chapter degrees, and the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, in the organization of which he took an active part, of the Milk Shippers Association at Seattle, the Holstein-Freisan Association of America and the Holstein-Freisan State Association. He is a man of great energy and mental vigor, wide-awake to his opportunities, and is setting a splendid example in the way of up-to-date farming. Because of his friendly manner and likable personal qualities, he has a host of warm and loyal friends throughout his section of the county. JOHN A. CARLSON Coming to this country a poor young man, but fired with a laudable ambition to succeed, John A. Carlson has steadily pressed forward toward the goal which he set himself, and today is numbered among the successful farmers of Snohomish county, having gained not only material prosperity, but, what is more important, the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. Mr. Carlson was born in Sweden on the 6th of March, 1864, and is a son of C. J. and Christina Carlson. He remained at home until he was sixteen years of age, receiving a good public school education, and in 1882 he emigrated to the United States, locating first in Omaha, Nebraska. During the following year he traveled over much of the middle west and in 1883 located in Iowa, where he was employed about a year. At the age of twenty years he bought land in that state, to the cultivation of which he devoted himself until 1902, when he came to Everett, Washington. After looking over the locality, he bought twenty acres of land in Sunnyside and at once began clearing the tract of the stumps and brush which covered it. He 352 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY built a good house and engaged in farming, berry growing and chicken raising. In these efforts he was rewarded with success, and about 1910 he bought eighty acres of land in East Sunnyside. Of this latter tract he has sold sixty acres, reserving twenty acres, which he is now improving for a home. In 1893 Mr. Carlson was united in marriage to Miss Olivia Pilquist, who also is a native of Sweden, and to them were horn the following children : Oliver, who was drowned at the age of seven years ; Chester, who is engaged in farming near the home place; Frieda, who is the wife of Lars Marken, who is engaged in farming near his father's place; Ruth, who is the wife of Alfred Erickson, a farmer near Lake Stevens; Alvin, who is now in Alaska on business ; and Clarence, Milton and Olive, who are at home. The mother of these children died in 1913. Mr. Carlson is an earnest member of the Lutheran church, to which he gives generous support. He is nominally a republican in his political views, but in local elections votes invariably for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. He is interested in good schools and has rendered effective service as a member of the school board. True and loyal in all of life's relations, he is well deserving of the high esteem in which he is held. ADOLPH G. ZIEBELL Adolph G. Ziebell is a fine type of the enterprising and progressive men who are gaining for Snohomish county a statewide reputation as a prosperous and up-to-date agricultural community, and he has taken an active and leading part in advancing the farming interests of not only his own county but the state as well. Mr. Ziebell was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on the 14th of July, 1874, and is a son of Ernest and Pauline Ziebell. The father is a native of Germany, and fought in the Franco-Prussian war. In 1872 he emigrated to the United States, locating in Minnesota, where he lived until 1887, when he came to Ellensburg, Washington, and in the fall of the following year located in Whatcom county, where he is still living, being engaged in contracting and building. His first wife, our subject's mother, died in Minneapolis, and he subsequently remarried. Adolph G. Ziebell received the advantage of a good public school education and in 1889 came to Whatcom county, Washington, where he was employed in sawmills. In 1906 he went to Alberta, Canada, where he took up a homestead, which he operated until 1914, when he sold it and, coming to Snohomish county, bought forty-six acres of land between Marysville and Arlington. He has so improved the place as to make it one of the best ranches in this locality, and it boasts a splendid set of farm buildings and up-to-date equipment. He is devoting his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping a herd of pure bred, registered Ayrshire cattle, in the handling of which he has been very successful. His well cultivated fields yield good crops of hay and grain, and in all his operations he has shown a sound judgment and attention to details that has stamped him as a man well worthy of the success that has crowned his efforts. In 1900 Mr. Ziebell was united in marriage to Miss Marie Stark, who is a native of Vienna, Austria, and they are the parents of two children : Howard, who is a graduate of high school; and Walter, who is at home. Politically Mr. Ziebell is a progressive republican, though in local elections he follows the dictates of his own judgment as to men and measures. He is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees and of the Grange. He has taken a good citizen's interest in local public affairs, and while in Canada Ile served as a member of the school board. He is now president of the United Dairy Association of the state of Washington, of which he was one of the founders, and has been a director of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association ever since it was organized. He is a man of candid and straightforward manner, sterling character and unquestioned business ability, which qualities, along with his cordial and friendly manner, have won for him the esteem and good will of the entire community in which he lives. WALTER N. TUCKER Walter N. Tucker has had a: very active part in the great work of development which has gone forward in Snohomish county during the past four decades, and by his earnest life and consistent endeavors he has won a deservedly high place in public esteem. He was born at Santa Rosa, California, in 1874, and is a son of Thomas and Ellen (Farmer) Tucker. The mother was a native of Ireland and was brought by her parents to the United States in childhood, being married to Thomas Tucker in Oakland, California. The father was a native of England and in boyhood came to the United States with his parents, who first located in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 353 Illinois. Later he made the long and dangerous trip across the plains, driving a bull team, and was in the famous Mountain Meadow Indian massacre. He went to southern California and later to Oakland and San Francisco, eventually coming to Snohomish county. In California he was employed at the carpenter's trade, but on coming to this county he entered a homestead of virgin timber land, which in the course of time was cleared and developed into a good and productive farm. He was active in all efforts to improve the community in early days and served effectively as road supervisor. He was at one time a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen but was not affiliated with these orders after coming west. His death occurred in 1910 and that of his wife in 1896. They were the parents of three sons, namely : Frank, who is employed as superintendent of logging camps in this county, having been with the Bratnober Company for the past nine years; Thomas R., a resident of Idaho ; and Walter N., of this sketch. Walter N. Tucker secured his education in the Tualco school and has spent his time since then on the home farm, assisting his father as long as the latter was in active charge of the ranch, since which time he has operated the place. The homestead comprises ninety-five acres of good land, practically all of which is cleared. He is now the owner of one hundred and sixteen acres, of which all but about thirty acres is cleared and in this work he had an active part. For a number of years he gave his chief attention to dairy farming, but during the past few years he has rented the place and has been engaged in pile driving, mostly in Snohomish county, along the rivers and on the Sound. Mr. Tucker has now about a thousand White Leghorn chickens, of the Hollywood strain, and is equipping his place for extensive operations in that line. In 1906, at Seattle, Mr. Tucker was united in marriage to Miss Marie Ghent, who is a native of England. Her father, Thomas Ghent, was also a native of that country and on bringing his family to the United States, settled in the east, where he and his wife died. Mr. Tucker is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, the Snohomish County Poultry Association and the Piledriver's Union at Everett. He also belongs to Monroe Lodge, No. 156, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Tucker still lives in the two story log house which his father built about 1885 and which is still practically as sound as the day it was erected, affording him a very substantial and comfortable home. He is eminently public-spirited in his attitude towards all movements for the advancement of the general welfare of the community and is candid and straightforward in all his relations with his fellowmen, among whom he is held in the highest measure of esteem. ANTON KOENINGER Anton Koeninger, who has long been recognized as one of the worthy residents and influential citizens of his section of Snohomish county, is a native of Germany, born in 1857, and is a son of John and Christine (Schmelzle) Koeninger, both of whom were natives of the fatherland, where they spent their entire lives, the mother dying when our subject was twelve years of age and the father in 1885. Anton Koeninger secured a good education in his native land and also performed his share of military service in the national army. He then learned the trade of a carpenter, which he followed there until 1884, when he emigrated to the United States. Going direct to St. Louis, Missouri, he obtained employment in the car shops, remaining about one and a half years. Then he came to Whatcom, Washington, and took up a preemption claim, which, however, he left in 1886. Two years later he homesteaded a tract of land near Three Lakes, Snohomish county, the land being densely covered with timber and brush. He was compelled to make two miles of trail to his place and for a long time had to pack in all his provisions and supplies. He proved up on the tract, but, no road having been built to his locality, he sold the place and was then engaged in railroad work for a time. Subsequently he bought a tract of land nearer Snohomish, on which he resided though employed elsewhere, until 1903, when he bought the ten acres comprising his present home place. At that time no clearing had been done thereon, and he applied himself with vigor to the work of developing it and getting the land into cultivation. It is now all cleared and is one of the best farms of its size in this locality. Mr. Koeninger has given his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping from five to seven good grade cows, and has been very successful along this line. He also keeps a nice flock of laying hens, which are a profitable source of income. His well cultivated land produces good crops and he raises all the roughage required for his stock. He has been a hard-working man, idleness being entirely foreign to his nature, and has had the pleasure of seeing success crown his well directed efforts. 354 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Koeninger has been twice married—first, in 1890, to Miss Rose Gunther, who was born in one of the eastern states, a daughter of Gottlieb Gunther, who was a native of Germany. In 1905 Mr. Koeninger was married to Miss Antze Mosberg, a native of Germany and a daughter of Calls Mosberg, and to this union was born a son, Anton. Mr. Koeninger is a member of the Independent Order of Foresters, and also belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has been true and loyal in all the relations of life and has performed his full duty as a citizen. ASCEL HANSON Among the natives of Sweden who have contributed their part to the development of Snohomish county, and at the same time have gained a very gratifying measure of material prosperity for themselves, is Ascel Hanson, who was born on the 24th of June, 1864. He lived in Sweden until he was twenty-four years of age, in the meantime receiving a good public school education, and in 1888 he emigrated to the United States, locating first in San, Francisco, California, where he remained two years. In 1890 he came to King county, Washington, and in the following year came to Snohomish county, locating near Marysville. Here he bought a small tract of land and added to it as he prospered, until now he is the owner of forty acres of good land, practically all of which he has cleared and put into cultivation. He has made substantial improvements, including a good house and other farm buildings, and is carrying on dairy farming, berry raising and the chicken business, in all of which he has attained well deserved success. In 1909 Mr. Hanson was married to Miss Helga Lendahl, who also is a native of Sweden, and they are the parents of three children : Mildred, deceased, Carl and Nancy. Mr. Hanson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and takes a deep interest in everything that is calculated to advance the welfare of the farmers of the county. In politics he maintains an independent attitude, voting for the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. He stands for the best things in the material, civic or moral life of the locality and his record here has been an admirable one. CARROLL L. BARLOW Carroll L. Barlow, a Washington pioneer, was formerly mayor of Monroe and has filled other public offices of trust and responsibility. He has achieved success in the field of merchandising and well deserves the distinctive title of "self-mide man," for all that he possesses has been won by hard work and the wise utilization of his opportunities. He was born December 9, 1879, in Vandalia, Illinois, and is a son of F. J. and Marie (Heiz) Barlow, who migrated to Washington in November, 1889. They settled in Old Whatcom, now known as Bellingham, and there the father was long engaged in the harness business. He has reached the age of seventy-seven years and is now living retired. His mental and physical powers are well preserved, and he derives much pleasure from traveling, having visited many sections of the east and west. The mother has passed away. Carroll L. Barlow was a boy of ten when his parents came to the Puget Sound country, and his education was acquired in the public schools of Bellingham. He entered his father's shop and assisted him in the conduct of the business until he reached the age of twenty-two years, when he went to Alaska. For three years he was engaged in prospecting in that country, enduring many hardships and privations while in the far north, and in 1904 he located in Josephine county, Oregon. He opened a general store in Galice and for ten years was its proprietor, building up a large trade. Mr. Barlow also figured conspicuously in public affairs, acting as postmaster of Galice for ten years and serving for four years as county commissioner. He was likewise justice of the peace, notary public, truant officer, deputy sheriff and deputy election registrar, holding all of these offices at one time and ably performing the work of each. In 1915 Mr. Barlow returned to Bellingham and a year later established a dry goods store in Monroe, also handling men's furnishings. He conducted the business until 1922, and subsequently became a dealer in boots and shoes. Experience has made him familiar with all phases of the trade, and honorable, straightforward methods have brought him a large clientele. Mr. Barlow married Miss Olive G. Smith, of Bellingham, who passed away in 1921, leaving a son, Carroll L., Jr., who is nine years of age. Mr. Barlow's second union was with Miss HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 355 Beatrice Webb, of Grants Pass, Oregon, and they now have a daughter, Elizabeth Marie, about a year old. Mr. Barlow is an influential member of the Commercial Club and also has financial interests, being one of the directors of the Monroe National Bank. He is a stanch adherent of the republican party and from 1917 until 1920 was a member of the town council. He was mayor from 1921 until 1924 and his administration was strongly commended. He never placed personal benefit before the general good and lent the weight of his influence to every measure of reform and progress. He belongs to the Everett lodge of Elks and is past dictator of Monroe Lodge of the Loyal Order of Moose. He is also active in Masonic affairs and has served as master of Monroe Lodge No. 160, F. & A. M. He is a member of Snohomish Chapter No. 102, R. A. M. ; the Lodge of Perfection and Palestine Commandery, K. T., both of Everett; and Nile Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Seattle. He also belongs to the Eastern Star and is patron of Monroe Chapter No. 102. Mr. Barlow has been the recipient of many important trusts, all of which he has faithfully fufilled, and his worth as a man and citizen is uniformly conceded. CHARLES F. WITSCHER Among those who have been more than ordinarily successful in the field of dairy farming in Snohomish county, Charles F. Witscher holds a prominent place. He has worked hard and persistently along definite lines of effort, and the success which he has achieved has given him prestige among his fellow citizens. Mr. Witscher was born in 1889 in Fremont, Sandusky county, Ohio, and is a son of Albert and Mary (Gilson) Witscher, the former of whom was a native of Germany and the latter of Ohio. They were successful farmers in Ohio and there spent their last years. Charles F. Witscher was given the advantage of a public school education and was reared on the home farm, where he remained until he had attained his majority. He then came to Washington, locating in Snohomish county, and in 1912 he engaged in the milk business in Everett, at the same time running the ranch on the Arlington highway which he had bought in association with H. A. Witscher, and which comprised forty acres. In 1925 our subject bought the other interest in it, so that he is now the sole owner of the tract. He has built a fine barn and has made other worthwhile improvements, being the owner of a valuable farm property, about sixteen acres of the place being cleared. He keeps from eighteen to twenty-two good grade Guernsey cows and is enjoying well merited prosperity. Mr. Witscher was married to Miss Ingeborg Neilsen, who was born in Jackson county, Minnesota, a daughter of Neils and Catherine Neilsen. To Mr. and Mrs. Witscher has been born a son, Albert, now eight years of age. Mr. Witscher is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and belongs also to Kellogg Marsh Grange No. 136, and to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is independent in his political views and takes a commendable interest in the affairs of his community, giving his support to all efforts to advance the public interests. Because of his excellent record and his fine personality, he is held in high esteem. MINARD ALLISON, M. D. Dr. Minard Allison is a successful surgeon and marked ability has brought him to the fore in medical circles of Monroe. He was born in Raton, New Mexico, in 1893 and is a son of Charles F. and Sarah A. (Taplin) Allison, who lived for some time in Kansas but in 1886 migrated to the southwest, settling on a ranch in New Mexico. Dr. Allison prepared for his profession in Rush Medical College of Chicago and was graduated with the class of 1921. He was an interne of St. Margaret's Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri, and for about eighteen months was connected with the Northern Pacific Hospital at Tacoma, Washington. He practiced at Snohomish for six months and in 1923 established his home in Monroe, where he operates a well equipped hospital containing seventeen beds and employs three nurses, a cook and a janitor. He is a skilful surgeon, and many physicians in this locality send their patients to his hospital for treatment. In July, 1924, Dr. Allison was united in marriage to Miss Julia L. Cutter, of Tacoma, Washington, who takes a leading part in the social life of the community. Without party bias, Dr. Allison considers the qualifications of the respective candidates and votes for the man whom he considers best fitted for office. He belongs to the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. Dr. Allison is a young man 356 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of keen intellect and progressive spirit, well equipped for his chosen vocation in life, and through deep study and close observation of the cases intrusted to his care he is constantly broadening his professional knowledge and enhancing his skill. JEFFERY HILTON, SR. Among the leading farmers and influential citizens of the vicinity of Marysville stands Jeffery Hilton, Sr., who, though born under a foreign flag, has long been a loyal and patriotic citizen of this country. He was born in England on the 24th of December, 1860, and is a son of Isaac and Alice (Partington) Hilton, both of whom are deceased. The father was a miner by occupation. Jeffery Hilton, Sr., attended the public schools and then went into the mines, where he labored until 1880, when he came to the United States. He first located in Iowa, where he was employed as a miner until 1886, when he came to Marysville, Washington, and took up a homestead about a mile north of that place. The land was heavily covered with timber and after clearing about forty acres of it, he sold the place and bought fifteen acres one mile east of Marysville. This also he has cleared and has erected thereon a good set of farm buildings, making of it a very valuable farm. He is engaged in dairy farming, raising also some berries and has a nice flock of chickens. He has shown excellent judgment in all of his operations and is now enjoying a fine measure of success. In 1880 Mr. Hilton was married to Miss Mary Hankin, who was born in Liverpool, England, and to them have been born the following children: Ellen, who is the wife of A. J. Robinson, engaged in farming at Stimson's Corner ; Alice, who lives in Marysville and is the widow of Clare Robinson ; S. T., who lives in Los Angeles, California; John, who is mayor of Marysville ; Mary, the wife of R. J. Young of Everett ; Omega, the wife of Bruce Nelson, of Mount Vernon; Jeffery, who is engaged in the drug business at Marysville; Grace, the wife of Harry Morrow, of Everett ; Ian S. and Howard, who are at home. Politically Mr. Hilton gives his support to the republican party and has taken an active interest in local public affairs, having served for the past twenty-eight years as a member of the school board and for six years as deputy assessor. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Grange. As a man of ability, sturdy integrity and usefulness, he has merited the consideration of his fellowmen, and throughout the community he is regarded as one of its representative citizens. C. E. GUSTIN C. E. Gustin, a prominent representative of the dairy industry of northwestern Washington, is operating a large plant in Monroe and brings to the conduct of the business the wisdom and ability acquired by thirty years of practical experience in this line of work. A son of Jeremiah C. and Mattie (Page) Gustin, he was born August 6, 1876, and is a native of Ringgold county, Iowa. His mother was also born in the Hawkeye state and the father was a native of Ohio. The maternal grandfather was born in Vermont and represented an old family of the Green Mountain state. He enlisted in the United States army and died while in service. Jeremiah C. Gustin devoted his life to agricultural pursuits. His widow still makes her home in Iowa, but spends the winter months in Florida. C. E. Gustin was educated in the public schools of his native state and in 1896 entered the employ of a creamery company. He found the work congenial and soon mastered the details of the business. He was manager of various creameries in Iowa, and in 1909 he sought the opportunities of the Pacific northwest. He spent a year in California and in 1910 came to Washington, locating in Walla Walla. In 1911 he came to Monroe and established the Fern Bluff Creamery, which he has since conducted. Through carefully formulated plans and able management he has developed a large industry and maintains a high standard of efficiency in the operation of the plant, which produces five thousand pounds of butter per day. The output is of superior quality and is sold in large quantities in Seattle, Monroe, Everett and many nearby towns. On August 5, 1901, Mr. Gustin married Miss Gertrude Luddington, who was born in Warren county, Iowa. Her parents, H. C. and Virginia (Sayre) Luddington, were natives of West Virginia and cast in their lot with the earliest settlers of Warren county, Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Gustin have two daughters : Helen, who is attending the University of Washington; and Edna, a high school student. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 357 Mr. Gustin has attained the thirty-second degree in the Masonic order and is also a Shriner. He is an adherent of the republican party and is serving as justice of the peace and police judge of Monroe, the only offices which he has ever held. He performs his duties with the same thoroughness that he displays in the conduct of his private affairs, and he possesses many admirable traits of character, as his fellow citizens attest. A. J. SLATER Starting at the bottom of the ladder, A. J. Slater has steadily advanced, placing his dependence upon the substantial qualities of industry and perseverance, and for thirteen years Marysville has numbered him among its prosperous business men. He was born in St. Joseph, Michigan, in 1882, and his parents, George and Carrie Slater, have passed away. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of his native state. He began his commercial career as a delivery boy, working for a meat dealer, and gradually mastered the details of the business. He saved as much as possible from his earnings and when he had accumulated sufficient capital established a meat market in Pentwater, Michigan. In 1913, he came to northwestern Washington and has since been engaged in the meat business in Marysville. He handles the best grade of meat, and a well deserved reputation for honorable, straightforward dealing has brought him a large patronage. For five years he was associated with S. B. Mapes. His partner's demise occurred in 1925. In 1905 Mr. Slater was united in marriage to Miss Fern May York, of Michigan, and they have two sons, Vernon and Robert. Mr. Slater is a valued member of the Commercial Club and his fraternal affiliations are with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In politics he is nonpartisan, supporting the candidate whom he considers best fitted for office, and in all matters of citizenship he is loyal, progressive and public-spirited. GLENN 0. HAWLEY During the past two decades Glenn 0. Hawley has been prominently identified with the meat packing industry at Marysville, where he is now carrying on business as senior member of the firm of G. 0. Hawley & Son, wholesale and retail dealers in meats and fish. He was born in Oceana county, Michigan, December 13, 1868. His father, Dr. Henry C. Hawley, a native of New York and a representative of one of the old families of that state, of French and German lineage, is now deceased. He was a prominent physician of Michigan and of Kentucky for forty-seven years and spent his last years in Seattle, where he passed away August 7, 1905, having become a resident of that city about 1903. Prior to that time he had for many years lived retired. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and he was an active worker for its interests at local, state and national elections. He married Clarissa McGill, who was born in New York and was of Scotch and Holland Dutch parentage. She passed away at Hesperia, Michigan, in 1885, at the age of fifty-two years, her birth having occurred in 1833. By her marriage she became the mother of eleven children, six of whom are yet living. Glenn 0. Hawley, the seventh in order of birth, is indebted to the public school system of Hesperia, Michigan, for the educational opportunities which he enjoyed. He was a youth of seventeen when he started out to earn his own living, and about the time of his mother's death he was apprenticed to the stone and brick mason's trade, which he followed as a journeyman for two years. Thereafter he was engaged in the contracting business on his own account for a period of three years. He then entered the meat business in Hesperia, Michigan, and remained there in the same line of activity for fourteen years. It was in 1906 that he came to Washington, settling at Marysville in Snohomish county, where he has since been connected with the meat business. He became associated with F. C. Bertois under the name of the Bertois Packing Company, a partnership that was maintained for four years. They conducted the first large packing and butchering business in Marysville. Mr. Hawley employs three people and enjoys a large and growing patronage that makes his undertaking a profitable one. He also owns a ten acre ranch. In Michigan, on the 27th of June, 1891, Mr. Hawley was united in marriage to Miss Arvilla E. Church, a native of that state and a daughter of Daniel D. and Celia (Hayes) Church, 358 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY who were natives of Indiana. The father died in 1922, while the mother departed this life in 1914. Mr. and Mrs. Hawley are the parents of three sons and a daughter, as follows: Floyden R., who is associated with his father in business ; Hyacinth, the wife of E. W. Powell of Arlington, Washington ; Gerald, who is in the employ of his father ; and Rex, a high school student. In the exercise of his right of franchise Mr. Hawley supports the men and measures of the republican party. While a resident of Michigan he made a commendable record in the office of deputy sheriff. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. His religious belief is that of the Baptist church. A contemporary biographer said of him: "His experiences have been varied, his hardships many, but notwithstanding the obstacles and difficulties which he has encountered he has worked his way steadily upward and has gained a creditable position among the substantial business men of his adopted city." WAGNER LUMBER COMPANY Among the large industries which have contributed toward the development and prosperity of northwestern Washington is that controlled by the Wagner Lumber Company. The business was started by the firm of Stephens Brothers, Inc., and in 1906 it was acquired by George Wegner and Harry R. Wilson, who had previously operated mills in Pennsylvania. The industry was conducted by the firm of Wegner & Wilson until 1918, when the junior partner retired, and Mr. Wegner continued the business until 1922. It was then purchased by the Wagner Lumber Company, of which C. E. Wagner is now serving as president, wisely and successfully directing the activities of the firm. The company has large timber holdings and has two hundred and twenty-five employes. The plant is well equipped and has a capacity of one hundred thousand feet of lumber and one hundred and fifty thousand shingles per eight hour shift. The mill has been in operation for twenty years and during this period has cut over four hundred and fifty million feet of lumber, furnishing material for construction work in many sections of the country. JOSEPH W. CROW As manager of the Monroe plant of the Carnation Milk Products Company, Joseph W. Crow is well known to the dairymen of this section of the county and for a quarter of a century he has faithfully served this well known corporation. He was born April 26, 1872, in Kent, Washington, and in both the paternal and maternal lines is a representative of honored pioneer families of the state. His parents were James J. and Emma (Russell) Crow, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of Indiana. His maternal grandparents, Samuel Woodburn and Jane (Sprout) Russell, were born in Pennsylvania and migrated from that state to Ohio. They lived for a time in Auburn, Indiana, and in 1852 started for Washington. Eight months were consumed in making the trip and they arrived at Alki Point in the fall. Mr. Russell took up a donation claim on the White river, near the town of Kent, but in 1857 was driven from the land by Indians and then settled in the little village of Seattle. The paternal grandfather crossed the plains in 1849, courageously facing the many dangers of the unknown west, and established his home in Portland, Oregon, where he passed away. His son, James J. Crow, journeyed to Seattle in 1858 in company with his wife and worked for some time in that locality. He afterward took up a homestead in King county and through patience and industry transformed the wild tract into a fine farm, on which he spent the remainder of his life. Joseph W. Crow was reared on his father's ranch and attended the public schools of King county. He remained on the homestead until he reached the age of twenty-eight years, becoming thoroughly familiar with the various phases of agricultural pursuits, and in 1900 entered the employ of the Carnation Milk Products Company. He was first stationed at Kent and in 1908, when plant No. 6 was opened at Monroe, he was appointed manager. He has worked untiringly to develop the business at this point, and his long retention in the offices is conclusive proof of his capacity for such service. The Carnation products are the best on the market and the output of the company is sold from coast to coast. The greatest care is exercised in its preparation, and the firm name has become synonymous with the highest standard of excellence in evaporated milk. The company has built fine condenseries in various JOSEPH W. CROW HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 361 parts of the country and controls an industry of extensive• proportions. The local plant has a capacity of one hundred thousand pounds of evaporated milk per day and furnishes employment to about fifty men. The plant is supplied by about three hundred dairymen, two-thirds of this number being residents of Snohomish county, and the herds average twenty-five cows. On November 20, 1894, Mr. Crow married Miss Carrie L. Short, of Kent, Washington, and they have become the parents of three children. Roland L., the eldest, is married and has charge of the Startup store of the R. J. Stretch Company. Evelyn is the wife of Lawrence Finnegan, of Seattle, and the mother of one child, a son. Lydia Mary was united in marriage to H. T. Markel, of Monroe, and they now have a son who is four years old. Mr. Crow is one of the energetic members of the Commercial Club and along fraternal lines he is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Politically he is not bound by party ties but casts his ballot for the candidates whom he regards as best qualified for office. Merit has won him advancement, and his course has at all times marked him as a citizen of worth. HEIFORT BROTHERS Commercial activity in Monroe has been stimulated by the well directed efforts of A. W. and E. R. Heifort, enterprising young business men and the proprietors of a fine laundry. They are natives of Stillwater, Minnesota, and sons of William H. and Margaret Heifort, who settled in Port Townsend, Washington, in 1900. In 1916 they moved to Snohomish county and the father organized the Everett Clothing Company, becoming one of the leading merchants of the city. Death summoned him in 1920. The mother is now a resident of Monroe. The Monroe Laundry was opened in 1901 by Messrs. Knapp & Harris, and in September, 1924, the business was purchased by Heifort Brothers, its present owners. The laundry has always maintained a high standard of service and the firm enjoys a large clientele. Employment is furnished to twenty persons and two wagons are utilized for delivery purposes. The building is fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions, and the plant is supplied with every appliance necessary for first-class work. The members of the firm are identified with the Masonic fraternity, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion. While in the service A. W. Heifort was a member of the regimental band and his brother was a radio electrician in the United States navy, in which he served for seventeen months, visiting many parts of the world. The latter married Miss Theresa Edwards, by whom he has two children; Earl Baker and Patricia. A. W. Heifort was united in marriage to Miss Irene Rudd, and they have a daughter, Margaret Irene. The brothers are fine types of American manhood and citizenship and the family is highly esteemed in this locality. PAUL T. STANGLAND Paul T. Stangland, one of the more recent additions to mercantile circles of Marysville, has become firmly established in public regard as an enterprising business man and a citizen of worth to the community. He was born July 26, 1885, and is a native of Twin Valley, Norman county, Minnesota. His parents, 0. S. and Martha Stangland, migrated to Washington, settling in Everett, and the father has retired from business affairs. The mother is deceased. Paul T. Stangland supplemented his public school education by a course in the Aaker Business College at Fargo, North Dakota, and was a clerk in a hardware store at Mahnomen, Minnesota, also serving as assistant postmaster for a time. In 1904 he came to Washington. He worked in the post office at Everett for a year and then entered the Bank of Commerce, in which he spent five years. He was connected with the Citizens Bank of Everett for a similar period, and rose to the position of assistant cashier. For a year he was a representative of the Western States Life Insurance Company and afterward he and his brother owned a cigar and confectionery store at Everett for four years, which his brother still runs. On the expiration of that period he came to Marysville and purchased his present business. He handles groceries, cigars, tobacco, ice cream, notions, fruit, vegetables and candy, and also sells soft drinks. His store is well patronized, for he is courteous, obliging and thoroughly reliable. On August 18, 1926, Mr. Stangland was married to Dora Andrews, a teacher of music, who was born in Marysville February 17, 1893. Mr. Stangland is a Knight Xemplar Mason and Shriner. He has taken the thirty-second degree in the order and conforms his life to its teachings. He is also connected with the Knights of Pythias. He casts his ballot for the 362 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY candidates of the republican party. Mr. Stangland has fulfilled each duty and obligation to the best of his ability, never shirking a responsibility, and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen. J. I. HOPPER Early in life J. I. Hopper realized that one must be willing to pay the price of success, which results only from concentrated effort and tenacity of purpose, and his career has been marked by continuous progress. He is now numbered among the leading automobile dealers of Monroe and his identification with the business covers a period of eighteen years. He was born July 18, 1886, in the city of Chicago, and his parents, Joseph B. and Charity M. Hopper, are both deceased. During his childhood they went to Kansas, and his education was acquired in the public schools of Horton. For a few years he was employed as a clerk, working in various stores, and in 1908 he entered the service of an automobile firm. He zealously applied himself to his tasks and readily assimilated the details of the business. Having accumulated sufficient capital, he decided upon an independent venture and in 1910 entered business circles of Marion, Kansas, as a dealer in the Buick and Standard automobiles. In the fall of 1911 he came to Washington, spending a half year in Everett, and for seven months lived in Seattle. He went from that city to Centralia, Washington, where he remained until the spring of 1914, and then returned to Everett. He was engaged in the automobile business until 1919, afterward dealing in tires for a short time, and later worked with the Ford agency at Everett. He came to Monroe in September, 1924, and has since been local manager for the Nugent Motor Company, handling the Chevrolet cars. Through experience and ability he is well qualified for the position, and his progressive policy has resulted in a marked increase in the volume of sales. In 1913 Mr. Hopper was married, in Everett, to Miss Alta Bound, by whom he has three children: Virginia, Jean and Robert. Mr. Hopper is connected with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and belongs to the Commercial Club of Monroe. In politics he is nonpartisan, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of first importance, and lends the weight of his support to all worthy public projects. He is a young man of pleasing personality, actuated at all times by high principles and worthy motives, and Monroe regards him as a valuable addition to its citizenship. HON. JOHN A. VANASDLEN Hon. John A. Vanasdlen, first postmaster, pioneer business man and founder of Monroe, was serving the town as mayor when he answered the final summons on the 26th of July, 1914, in the fifty-third year of his age. He was a worthy descendant of a long line of illustrious Dutch pioneers and heroes who were prominent in the settlement of New Amsterdam, fought in the War of 1812 and served their country with bravery in the great national struggle of 1861-1865. The same courage which inspired them induced him to come to the far west in the days when the Pacific coast needed men of endurance and patriotism to open her forests and lay the foundations for future commonwealths. Mr. Vanasdlen performed more than his share of services of this kind at Monroe, Snohomish county, as well as in other communities in the state. He was born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1861, a son of Taggart and Katherine (Beetem) Vanasdlen, both natives of the Keystone state. The father ran stage lines and carried the mail in that state when railroads were few. He served the Union during the Civil war and died in 1865. John A. Vanasdlen took advantage of the common schools of his native state, attending until he was fifteen years old, when he assumed for himself the responsibilities of life, and followed mining and lumbering until 1880. The longing for travel which had been a characteristic of some of his ancestors induced him to leave Pennsylvania, and he found employment in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin, respectively. In Illinois and Iowa he worked in coal mines for two and one-half years. He was in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1883, his face still turned westward, and he went thence to Bismarck, North Dakota, subsequently to Miles City and Bozeman, Montana, and was in Helena and Butte in the last named state ahead of the railroad. That same year he followed the setting sun until he saw the waters of the Pacific. He was employed in the coal mines of King county until 1889, when he came to Park Place, Snohomish county, and opened a general merchandise store. On the 22nd of March, 1892, in association with John Stretch of Snohomish, he HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 363 platted forty acres which was called Tye City, now Monroe. Mr. Vanasdlen moved the store building, stock of goods and post office a mile and a quarter to the new townsite in 1892 and was the first postmaster of Monroe, which position he held until a new administration in 1897. He continued his mercantile business until 1901, when he disposed of his stock and engaged in cruising and locating timber lands, selling real estate and lumbering. In 1903, in company with Nellie Francis, he established the Monroe Furniture Company and had conducted the business at two locations when in 1908 he moved into a building, fifty by one hundred feet, which he had erected. Mr. Vanasdlen continued in business as a dealer in furniture and house furnishings throughout the remainder of his life, and since his death the enterprise has been carried on by his widow and his daughter Myrtle. He was also a director of the First National Bank of Monroe. On the 7th of November, 1891, at Snohomish, Washington, Mr. Vanasdlen was united in marriage to Miss Annie Francis, daughter of John and Elizabeth Francis, who were natives of England and came to Snohomish county when Mrs. Vanasdlen was a child. To this union there were born three sons and four daughters, as follows : Myrtle, who conducts the Vanasdlen furniture store at Monroe ; Taggart, who is also active in the business ; John, at home ; Annie, the wife of E. L. Bellinger, of Bellingham, Washington; Clarence, at home ; Nellie, also living with her widowed mother ; and Lulu, who is deceased. Mr. Vanasdlen gave his political allegiance to the democratic party and filled numerous public offices in a highly acceptable and efficient manner, being mayor of Monroe at the time of his death. Fraternally he was identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks at Everett. The following is an excerpt from a review of his career which appeared in the Monroe Monitor-Transcript under date of July 31, 1914: "Hon. John A. Vanasdlen, mayor of Monroe and its founder, one of the town's simplest and yet most important citizens, is dead and the entire community mourns with the widow and children in the loss of the splendid husband, most loving father and honored and honorable first citizen of the community. * * * John A. Vanasdlen was a good citizen in almost every respect. He was ruggedly honest, straightforward and outspoken, and a most distinct characteristic was his pride and belief in the town of Monroe and his assured certainty of the possibilities of its future. He was a hard fighter for what he thought was right and in his capacity as mayor gained some ill will by reason of helping to force through town improvements and taking a determined stand on issues that came up that he did not personally believe in. But his memory will be honored and there is hardly to be found a citizen who will not speak well of him as a man and husband and father and who will not now accord to him the credit that is his due for the work he did in developing the community. Mr. Vanasdlen was the town's first business man and postmaster, and the old timers, with whom he has done business through all these years, know him the best and largely placed faith and dependence upon him and transacted a great amount of their personal business through the medium of his office * * * He was always sound and accurate and correctly farseeing. Once he had made up his mind on any matter it was decided for all time to come and nothing could change him, whether it was a matter of his own business, his handling of the town's affairs or in his family relations. He was just and kindly and entirely familiar with what was going on around him all the time and, though he knew the failings as well as the good qualities of a major portion of the population, it was a very rare thing to hear him speak unkindly of anyone, and if he did it was because he honestly believed the person was derelict somewhere in his duty. Van was a good fellow and a sincere friend. Those whom he trusted he dealt most openly with and would talk over matters from the bottom of his sagacious Dutch heart. He was a shrewd and capable merchant and worked up a good trade here with the early settlers and Indians by fair dealing and endeavoring to supply them regularly with the goods they needed in pioneer days. When Mr. Vanasdlen started his store in Park Place, merchandising was a different proposition to what it is today. There were no railroads, nor hardly roads. A fair trail led up the river from Snohomish that afforded communication by pack train, but most of the supplies and all bulky goods were brought up on the river by Indians in canoes. It took a steady hand to deal with the Indians and keep supplies coming along, but Mr. Vanasdlen made a success of it, especially against fierce competition made by Snohomish business men who did not want to see any town started up here. There are tales without end about Van and the early settlers that might be told, but space prevents. The results of Mr. Vanasdlen's work in the town are shown by the valuable property interests he leaves and the great steps forward the town has made in municipal improvements during the past four years of his term as mayor." The following editorial was printed under the caption "In Memoriam" : "Monroe has lost her first citizen in the person of John A. Vanasdlen, mayor, and the entire community mourns the sudden shock of his decease. Honor is duly accorded Mr. Vanasdlen, not alone for be- 364 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ing the founder of the town, for being her first business man and postmaster, for his long and useful career within her limits, nor his efforts in her behalf, nor from the mere fact of his occupying the official position as her mayor at the time of his decease, but because he was a stalwart figure of the real pioneer nature—a determined and buoyant character—an honest and honorable citizen—a loving husband and a just and considerate father. Mr. Van-asdlen was a real man—sturdily true, independent and forceful—and he will be sadly missed amid the activities of the town, county and state, with all of which he had been strongly connected. His was a somewhat untutored mind of great scope, but with a vivid and intense interest in all that pertained to every resident, and to county, state and national affairs of moment. He knew everybody throughout this section and knew nearly everything about them and his mind was stored with personal reminiscences of the old times and persons who have gone. For years he was active among the forests and mines of the surrounding country and there was hardly a section of timber within a very large radius that he had not cruised. He was familiar with the trails and routes and divides and was able to be of great service at different times to railroad surveyors and others in helping locate routes. In politics Mr. Vanasdlen was a democrat and at all times was recognized by the leaders of his party in the state, and his advice was constantly sought. He was faithful at all times to any trust and the confidence reposed in him has been best shown by the large amount of real estate transactions made through his office and under his advice. 'Van' has gone and no one else will ever quite fill the place he occupied in the community." NELS M. LEQUE Nels M. Leque, successfully engaged in the insurance business at Stanwood, is a worthy young representative of one of the prominent pioneer families of Snohomish county. He was born on the 8th of February, 1893, a son of Nels P. and Maria (Lindebrakke) Leque, natives of Norway. A detailed review of the life of the father, Nels P. Leque, who is now living retired in Tacoma at the age of seventy-eight years, appears on another page of this work in connection with the sketch of Martin N. Leque, brother of Nels M. Peter Leque, who was a cousin of Martin N. and Nels M. Leque and was reared in the household of Nels P. and Maria (Lindebrakke) Leque, passed away in November, 1905. He had served as county auditor of Snohomish county, was president of the Stanwood Hardware Company and vice president of the Bank of Stanwood and long enjoyed high standing as one of the leading, influential and respected citizens of his community. Nels M. Leque was graduated from Luther College of Decorah, Iowa, in 1916, and from Luther Seminary of St. Paul, Minnesota, three years later. Subsequently he served as pastor of the Lutheran churches at South Bend and Raymond, Washington, respectively, until 1923, when he turned his attention to the insurance business at Stanwood, where he is now thus engaged. Nels M. Leque wedded Esther J. Arneson, of Minneapolis, and has a family of three children: Paul, John and Neil. A young man of genuine personal worth and many estimable traits of character, he enjoys deserved popularity in the community in which he makes his home. OLE THOMPSON Among the progressive and successful dairy farmers of Snohomish county Ole Thompson has attained a prominent position, because of his up-to-date methods and his devotion to his business affairs. He was born in Norway, on the 28th of September, 1879, and is a son of Thomas and Annie (Anderson) Torkilson, the former of whom is deceased, while the latter is living in Norway, at the age of eighty-three years. They were farmers by vocation, and our subject was reared to that line of work. He attended the public schools during his youth and in 1895, at the age of sixteen years, emigrated to the United States. He located first in Iowa, where he remained until 1897, when he came to Marysville, Snohomish county, where for a time he was employed at day wages. Later he rented land, which he farmed until 1908, when he bought a tract three and a half miles from Marysville, and devoted himself to its operation until 1914, in which year he sold it and returned to Norway for a visit. In 1917 he returned to this county and bought one hundred acres of land located five miles from Marysville, and he has since lived here and devoted himself to dairy farming. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 365 He has made many improvements on the place, including a fine, well arranged dairy barn. He keeps twenty-two milk cows, high grade and registered Holsteins, and also has eleven head of young stock. He has exercised sound business judgment in all of his affairs and is enjoying a measure of success fully commensurate with his efforts. On November 10, 1903, Mr. Thompson was united in marriage to Miss Sina Seland, who was born and reared in Norway, and they are the parents of a daughter, Anna, who is a student in the Parkland School near Tacoma. Mr. Thompson is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Grange. He also belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. In his political views he is an independent republican, voting according to his best judgment. A man of kindly and generous impulses, and friendly to all, he is deservedly popular throughout the community. Mrs. Thompson, who has been an ideal helpmate, assisting and encouraging her husband in every possible way, is a daughter of Thorston and Johannah (Larson) Sorenson, the latter of whom is deceased, while the former still lives in Norway, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. She came to Everett, Washington, June 8, 1903, and in the following November, at Seattle, became the wife of Mr. Thompson, whom she had known in their childhood days in Norway. HON. ALONZO L. WILLHITE Of sturdy pioneer stock, Hon. Alonzo L. Willhite is endowed with the hardy qualities necessary for success in the northwest, and his constantly expanding powers have placed him with the substantial business men of Stanwood. He is widely known because of his public service, which has been of a most important character, and as a member of the state legislature he has established an enviable record, working at all times for the best interests of the commonwealth. He was born June 8, 1865, in southwestern Missouri, and his parents, Conway and Eliza Jane (Chandler) Willhite, were natives of Tennessee. In 1849 his father joined the rush of gold seekers to California, traveling in a wagon drawn by oxen, and returned home by way of Panama. In 1852 he again started for the Golden state, taking with him seventy-five head of cattle and driving an ox team the entire distance, and spent two years in California. At San Francisco he boarded a vessel bound for Panama and arrived home with forty-eight hundred dollars in his pockets. He invested in land in Missouri and became a prosperous agriculturist. He was a veteran of the Mexican war, and when the north and south became involved in civil strife he joined the Union army, serving as captain of Company E, of the Seventeenth Missouri Militia. When a young man of twenty-six he married Miss Eliza J. Chandler. His life was terminated at the age of sixty-nine years, and his wife reached the advanced age of eighty-one years. She passed away in Oklahoma, but was buried in Missouri. Alonzo L. Willhite supplemented his public school training by attendance at Drury College in Springfield, Missouri, and the Southwestern Baptist College at Bolivar, that state. He taught school for two terms and in 1888 came to Washington, spending a year east of the Cascades. He located at Stanwood in 1889 and remained here until 1895, when he took a business and normal course at Chillicothe, Missouri. He spent three years in that state and during half of the period was employed as clerk in a hardware store. Upon his return to Washington he purchased land in Snohomish county and was engaged in farming for many years, gradually increasing his holdings. His well tilled fields yielded bountiful harvests and he made many improvements on his property. Mr. Willhite sold his farms in 1920 and has since been a dealer in hay and grain. He also loans money, and he conducts a business of large proportions, displaying keen sagacity in its management. In 1898 Mr. Willhite married Miss Nellie M. Moser, a native of Springfield, Missouri, and a daughter of Frederick and Katherine Moser. To this union has been born a son, Don A., aged thirteen years. Mr. Willhite is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and has been master of Camanio Lodge No. 19, F. & A. M. He is allied with the republican party and in 1908 was chosen a member of the board of county commissioners, taking office in January, 1909. His record won him reelection and he served in all for six years. He was next called to the state legislature and in the session of 1923 sponsored the school bill which places nearby towns in the same school district. He was reelected at the end of his first term and in the memorable controversy during the special session of 1925-26 stood stanchly by the side of Governor Hartley in his fight for state economy. In 1925 he was largely instrumental in securing the passage of house bill No., 100, which enables a school district to take in territory outside of the county. Mr. Willhite was also the author of a gas tax 366 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY bill, known as house bill No. 222, but this measure was defeated. He is a man of strong convictions, fearless in defense of the right, and wields a potent and beneficial influence, serving his state with rare fidelity. JOSEPH J. HARVEY Numbered among the sturdy pioneers of this county who have lived to realize the fruits of their labors is Joseph J. Harvey, who now owns a fine, well improved farm and is one of the substantial and influential men of his community. Mr. Harvey was born in Wyoming county, New York, on the 28th of April, 1856, and is a son of James L. and Eliza (Phillips) Harvey, both of whom also were natives of New York state. The father followed farming there, and likewise worked at the carpenter's trade. In 1868 the parents moved to Wood county, Wisconsin, where they lived for a number of years, coming to Snohomish county later in life and dying here. Joseph J. Harvey attended the public schools and worked on the home farm during his early years. He was then engaged in teaching school for a time, after which he learned the trade of a millwright, which he followed for many years. In 1888 he came to Snohomish county, where he remained two years, being interested in the shingle mill business with the Bothell brothers, who built a shingle mill at Bothell. Later Mr. Harvey established a store and post office at Montburn, Mrs. Harvey attending thereto, while he worked in mills. Subsequently he moved to Ballard, Washington, and during the years that followed he built and operated lumber and shingle mills in various parts of the county. In 1909 he bought a mill at Edgecomb and moved it to the vicinity of his present farm, running it for about four years, and in 1912 he . bought one hundred acres of land on the Arlington highway, to the improvement and cultivation of which he has since devoted himself. He has cleared about fifteen acres, the remainder being in pasture, and here is giving his attention to dairy farming, in which he has been very successful. He has a fine set of buildings and has created a valuable and profitable farm, ranking among the best in his locality. On May 12, 1881, Mr. Harvey was married to Miss Alice Sheeks, who was left an orphan and was adopted by Mr. and Mrs. Peter Gray, she being from that time known as Alice Gray. Her father, William Sheeks, was a soldier in the Civil war, belonging to Company C, First Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and was killed in the battle of the Wilderness. To Mr. and Mrs. Harvey have been born the following children: Harry, who lives in Seattle ; Ada Pearl, who died in infancy ; Charles V., who lives in Seattle and is married and has one child ; Joseph Leroy, a medical missionary in China ; Agnes May, who is the wife of William Smith, of Hazel, Washington, and has two daughters ; Frank M., of Port Angeles, Washington, who served in the United States navy during the World war, and who is married and has a son ; Ralph, of Seattle, who is married and has a son, and who also is a veteran of the late war ; and Earl A., who is married and is a student in the medical school of Harvard University. Politically Mr. Harvey has always given his support to the republican party, and he has taken a commendable interest in public affairs, having served as a member of the school board at Bothell. He is a member of the Woodmen of the World and is vice president of the Arlington Cooperative Association. A man of progressive ideas, sound business judgment and sterling integrity, he is held in high esteem throughout the range of his acquaintance. THOMAS A. BRUE Thomas A. Brue, one of the representative and highly respected citizens of Snohomish county, is a retired agriculturist, residing at Stanwood. His birth occurred in Norway, January 2, 1860, and his parents, Andrew J. and Helena (Thorkelsen Berge) Brue, were also natives of that country. The father was born in 1833 and was one of the •four children of John and Annie (Drage) Brue, who were lifelong residents of the land of the fjords. Andrew J. Brue lived with his parents until he was twenty years of age, when he started out for himself as a sailor on a trading vessel along the Norwegian coast. He was thus engaged for several years, and in 1872 he came to the United States, locating first in Minnesota. He spent four years in that state, following the occupation of farming, and also worked as a carpenter. On the expiration of that period he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and for four years operated farms under leasehold. He prospered in his undertakings and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 367 eventually was able to purchase an eighty acre tract, situated less than a half mile north of Stanwood. Upon this he continued throughout the remainder of his active business career, though he sold twenty acres of his original purchase and farmed only sixty acres. In addition to his home place Mr. Brue was the owner of thirty acres of rich bottom land. He operated a small dairy, keeping a few head of milk cows and owning some stock in the cooperative creamery at Stanwood, while he was also financially interested in the cooperative store at that place. After coming to this country he had occasion to use the skill acquired in earlier life on the decks of Norwegian craft and for five years navigated the waters of Puget Sound as master of his own vessel. In 1858 Andrew J. Brue was married, in Norway, to Miss Helena Thorkelsen Berge, a daughter of Thorkelsen and Hoerberg (Uglehus) Berge, who always resided in that country. Mrs. Brue was born in 1838 and lived with her parents until her marriage. She responded to death's summons in April, 1914, and her husband passed away in September, 1923, at the home of his son Thomas in Stanwood. In their family were six children: John ; Thomas A., of this review ; Andrew, deceased ; Elias ; Ole ; and Annie, who has also passed away. Mr. Brue was an adherent of the republican party and served at one time as deputy county assessor, but was not a politician. He was a member of the Lutheran church and a faithful follower of its teachings. Though modest and unassuming, his good qualities were known and appreciated and he enjoyed to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of those who knew him most intimately. Thomas A. Brue was educated in the public schools of his native land and in 1879 made the voyage to the new world, coming direct to Washington via San Francisco. For three years he aided his father in developing the home ranch near Stanwood and afterward worked in a logging camp near Mount Vernon for two years. In 1884 he preempted eighty acres of land one-half mile north of Stanwood and sold the property two and a half years later. In association with two others he purchased a ranch of one hundred and seventy-eight acres on Ebey slough near Marysville and about four years afterward sold his share of the land, which they dyked and developed. Mr. Brue became the owner of a tract of sixty acres near Marysville and afterward sold the place to the Everett Land Company. He also purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land three miles south of Mount Vernon but disposed of the property about 1896 and then took over the home place near Stanwood. He raised large crops of hay and grain and also conducted a dairy. For a quarter of a century he operated a threshing machine in Snohomish and Skagit counties, running the one machine for nineteen years. In 1920 he sold the ranch and purchased a fine modern home in Stanwood, where he has since lived retired in the enjoyment of a well earned period of leisure. On the 9th of November, 1895, Mr. Brue was united in marriage to Miss Sillia Munson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Charles and Caroline (Anderson) Munson, who were also born in that country. Charles Munson crossed the Atlantic to the United States in 1880 and for four years was identified with the logging industry in Michigan. He then came to Snohomish county, Washington, purchasing a tract of sixty acres one mile north of Stanwood, and has since devoted his energies to the cultivation and improvement of that place. To Mr. and Mrs. Munson were born five children: Sillia, the wife of Thomas A. Brue ; Levine ; Wildur ; Albert, who is deceased ; and Isabel. Mr. and Mrs. Brue have become the parents of six children: Clariette, who is employed in the State Bank at Stanwood ; Arthur, who attended the State College of Washington at Pullman for three years and who lives with his wife on a farm of eighty acres which he owns near Everson, Whatcom county; Thalmer, who is also married ; Myrtle, who was graduated from the State Normal School at Bellingham and follows the profession of teaching; Oscar, at home ; and Harold, who was graduated from the Stanwood high school in 1926. All of the children have enjoyed excellent educational advantages and have become useful members of society. W. F. MARTIN W. F. Martin, superintendent of the Arlington consolidated school district, has been engaged in educational work in Washington for many years and by virtue of his experience and ability is well qualified for this responsible position. He was born March 23, 1875, in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Weaver) Martin, who still reside in that state. W. F. Martin was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools near his home. In 1899 he completed a course in the Franklin & Marshall College at Lancaster, 368 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Pennsylvania, and later was a postgraduate student at the state universities of Minnesota and Washington. He was called to Sultan, Washington, in 1899 and filled the position of school principal. He taught in the Puget Sound Academy at Snohomish for one and a half years and was principal of the high school of that town for a year, while for five years he was an instructor in the Everett high school. He was deputy clerk of court for a period of four years, and was subsequently elected clerk of the superior court and acceptably filled the office, which he held also for four years. He then resumed his work in the Everett high school, teaching for two years, and on the expiration of that period was elected superintendent of the schools of Snohomish county. He made a fine record in the office, of which he was the incumbent for four years, and since 1921 he has been superintendent of the Arlington consolidated school district, No. 320, which is composed of fifteen districts. It covers a territory which extends twenty-eight miles in an easterly and westerly direction and fourteen miles toward the north and south. The district has a population of about seven thousand and contains sixteen hundred and twenty-five school children. Fourteen bus lines furnish free transportation to all high school students as well as to the majority of those in grammar school and four hundred and twenty children are carried in this manner. There is a daily attendance of twelve hundred pupils, who are under the direction of forty-four competent teachers. The high school is fully accredited and has three hundred and thirty students. It has never been necessary to levy a special tax for current expenses, and under the expert direction of Mr. Martin the district has made notable progress. With efficiency as his watchword, he has brought the schools of this locality up to a high standard and his work has attracted much favorable notice, winning for him unqualified commendation. In 1907 Mr. Martin married Miss Minnie B. Coleman, of Everett, Washington, and to this union has been born a son, George. Mr. Martin is a Mason and has been master of Peninsular Lodge No. 95, F. & A. M., of Everett. He is allied with the republican party and was a member of the local board of education for four years, while for two years he was connected with the state board. Inspired by high ideals of service, Mr. Martin is constantly striving to perfect himself in his work, and his energy and ability have placed him with the foremost educators of northwestern Washington. ABRAHAM M. KAGER A venerable and honored citizen of Sultan, now living in retirement after a long and busy life, is Abraham M. Kager, a man of sterling character and substantial worth, who has earned the respect and good will of his fellowmen because of his upright life and public-spirited interest in the welfare of the community. Mr. Kager was born in 1856 at Wappello, Iowa, and is a son of Fred W. and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Kager, the former of whom was born in Allstedt, Bavaria, Germany, and the latter in Pennsylvania, of Scotch-German descent. The father had learned the stone mason's trade in his native land, but on coming to Pennsylvania he located at Lebanon and went to work in an iron furnace. Subsequently he moved to Iowa and engaged in farming, but later went to Nebraska and took up a homestead, on which he lived until his death. His wife had died while the family was residing in Iowa. Abraham M. Kager remained on his father's farm until about twenty-one years of age, when he bought eighty acres of railroad land in Nebraska, on which he raised wheat and corn. After operating that place seven years, he sold the land and in 1883 came to Tacoma, Washington, where he remained about a year, during which time he was employed at carpenter work. He then went back to Nebraska, locating in Seward county, where he worked as a carpenter until 1891, when he came to Snohomish county and located at Sultan, where he has remained to the present time. During a large part of this time he has been engaged as a carpenter and contractor and has erected a large number of the best structures in this locality. He has about eight acres of land in his home site and has built and now rents four other houses. On August 26, 1878, Mr. Kager was united in marriage to Miss Naomi Phelps, who was born in Davenport, Iowa, a daughter of Elijah and Eliza (Harmon) Phelps, the former of whom was a native of New York. On the maternal side, Mrs. Kager's grandfather was a French Canadian, while the grandmother was of English descent. Her father was of Scotch-English descent and his mother was a Quakeress. Mrs. Kager spent her girlhood days in Iowa, and, her father dying when she was very. young, she came to Nebraska with her mother when thirteen years of age, having been self-supporting from an even earlier age. To Mr. and Mrs. Kager have been born eight children, namely : Amy Pearl, who is the wife of William Russell, of California, and has one child ; Jasper William, who is engaged in mining HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 369 at Butte, Montana ; Rufus B., who is a carpenter and plasterer in Sultan, and is married and has three sons ; Ruby Elisa, who is the wife of Louie Siegel, of Oso, Washington, and has two children; Garnet Naomi, who is employed in a drug store, and lives at home ; Opal Herbert, deceased ; and two who died in childhood. Mr. Kager is a member of Snohomish Lodge, Fraternal Order of Eagles, and the Modern Woodmen of America. Politically he is a democrat and attended the first democratic convention at Snohomish in 1892, and he served as a justice of the peace at Sultan for about six years. He takes a deep interest in spiritualism. Mrs. Kager is a member of the Women's Improvement Club. In every possible way Mr. Kager has contributed to the development and upbuilding of his community and has long held a place in the front rank of its representative men, enjoying to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. .OLIVER H. MATTERAND Oliver H. Matterand, a well known representative and highly esteemed citizen of Stanwood, is successfully engaged in business as a boat builder. A worthy native son of Snohomish county, he was born on the old homestead at Stanwood on the 22d of December, 1881, his parents being Ole S. and Emelia (Gustad) Matterand, the former one of the honored pioneers of the Stanwood country. Ole S. Matterand was born in Norway on the 10th of July, 1847, a son of Syver and Karew (Olsen) Matterand, the former of whom died in his Scandinavian home in 1896. Ole S. Matterand, the fourth in order of birth in a family of twelve children, acquired a common school education in his native land, also learned blacksmithing and received many valuable lessons in the art of farming and in sustained industry on the parental farm, where he remained until nineteen years old. Upon reaching the age of twenty-one, in 1868, he decided to follow the example set him by many of his ambitious countrymen and come to the new world, the land of opportunity and plenty. His first permanent abiding place in the United States was Chicago and his first employment was that of a stevedore, but he did not remain at that arduous work long, for in July, 1868, he accepted employment in the Wisconsin, forests as a logger. That fall he entered the service of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, which stationed him at Green River, Wyoming. Taking up the work of a prospector in the spring of 1869, he went in turn to Arizona, Utah, Nevada and California, and the winter of 1870 was devoted to carpentering in San Francisco. Mr. Matterand came to Washington in the spring of 1871, worked for a time in a logging camp at Port Gamble and then returned to San Francisco, where he remained a short time, going thence to Sacramento and spending the winter of 1873 there, engaged in boiler making. The ensuing summer was spent at work in the woods in California. In 1875 -he started upon an extended trip through Europe lasting two years. Independence Day of 1877 found him once more in Seattle, and the next fall he came to Stanwood flats, purchased a right to eighty acres of spruce and alder jungles just across the river from Stanwood and began diking and clearing the place. He was thus engaged until 1920, and as a reward for his great labor became the owner of a very productive and highly valuable farm. He gave some attention to the raising of Durham cattle, keeping a herd of about thirty head in his pastures always. Subsequently he went to Portland, Oregon, where he passed away on the 15th of March, 1925, when in the seventy-eighth year of his age. The death of his wife occurred on the 6th of February, 1919. It was in Norway, in the year 1876, that Ole S. Matterand married Emelia I. Gustad, who was born in that country on the 18th of May, 1854, a daughter of Isaac and 011ie (Olsen) Johnson. She acquired a common school education in the public schools of Norway and also learned the trade of a glove maker there, but her industrial career was cut short by her marriage at the age of twenty-two. She became the mother of nine children, as follows: Mrs. Clara (Matterand) Rued; Mrs. Margaret (Matterand) Jennings, who resides in Tennessee; Mrs. Sophie (Matterand) Loe ; Oliver H., of this review ; Simon, who is deceased ; Emil, living on the old homestead ; Marthea, who is a teacher in India; Ruth, deceased ; and Aaron. All save the first two were born in Washington. The family was reared in the faith of the Seventh Day Adventist church. Ole S. Matterand, the father, was a loyal member of the republican party. While he was still an active factor in the world's work, a contemporary biographer said of him : "While he enjoys the abundance which has come to him as a reward for long years of strenuous endeavor, it is also his privilege to enjoy that grander meed of well spent years—the esteem and honor of those who have known him since pioneer days and of those whose acquaintance is of more recent inception." 370 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Oliver H. Matterand, whose name introduces this article, obtained his early education as a public school pupil in Stanwood and continued his studies at Walla Walla College in eastern Washington. Soon after leaving college he began taking contracts for pile driving work, which business claimed his attention for a period of eighteen years. Subsequently he engaged in boat building, and he also does light towing with a gasoline launch, meeting with well merited success in his undertakings. In 1919 he built a handsome modern home of seven rooms, with bath, in Stanwood. On the 6th of October, 1909, 0. H. Matterand was united in marriage to Sophie Onsum, a native of Seattle, Washington, and a daughter of Hans and Olive (Ahrud) Onsum, both of whom were born in Norway. Following their marriage, which was celebrated in Norway in 1871, Mr. and Mrs. Hans Onsum emigrated to the United States and took up their abode at Eau Claire, Wisconsin, where they resided until 1876. In that year they removed to Seattle, Washington, where Mr. Onsum soon afterward opened a butcher shop which he conducted for several years. He also followed the trade of carpentering. He passed away in Seattle on the 2d of January, 1899, but is still survived by his widow. They reared a family of four children, namely : Mrs. Martha Ramquist, who resides in Seattle ; Mrs. Sophie Mat-terand ; Harold, also living in Seattle ; and Mrs. Mabel Conway, who likewise makes her home in Seattle. Mr. and Mrs. 0. H. Matterand are the parents of four children, as follows: Evelyn Ruth, whose birth occurred December 8, 1911 ; Mildred Sophie, born January 4, 1917; Doris Kathleen, whose natal day was February 1, 1920 ; and Eleanor Olive, who was born on the 13th of March, 1922. Mr. and Mrs. 0. H. Matterand may be justly proud of their pioneer parents and also of the fact that they are a native son and a native daughter of the great young state of Washington. ALBERT B. MURPHY, M.D. Thoroughly equipped for his chosen vocation, Dr. Albert B. Murphy has made substantial progress in the medical profession and is now practicing in Everett. He was born May 22, 1897, in Waltham, Massachusetts, and is a son of Humphrey and Mary (Galvin) Murphy, the former a dealer in provisions. Dr. Murphy prepared for his profession at the Tufts Medical College and was graduated with the class of 1919. He was an interne at the Boston City and Long Island Hospitals and afterward attended the Mayo clinic, spending three years in Rochester, Minnesota. He came to Everett, Washington, in 1924 and has since been a member of the Quigley clinic. He specializes in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat and his success in treating cases of this nature has brought him a liberal practice. Dr. Murphy was married April 5, 1926, to Vesta Kruse of Rochester, Minnesota. During the World war he enlisted in the United States navy and was assigned to duty in the medical department. He is liberal in his political views and owes allegiance to no party, supporting the candidates whom he regards as best qualified for office. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association, and is also affiliated with the Puget Sound Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Academy, Pacific Northwest Oto-Ophthalmological Society and the Association of Resident and Ex-Resident Physicians of the Mayo Clinic. Dr. Murphy is a young man of fine character and an earnest student who is constantly broadening his knowledge and augmenting his skill. REECE V. DELANO Reece V. Delano is the proprietor of a large mercantile establishment in Marysville, which for more than twenty years has claimed him as a citizen, and during this period he has promoted the development of the town along many lines, ever placing the public welfare before personal aggrandizement. A son of Stephen and Mary (Crane) Delano, he was born in 1872 and is a native of McPherson county, Kansas. His father passed away in the Sunflower state in 1879, and the mother afterward became the wife of Ashley Little. The family migrated to Oregon in 1891, and in 1893 R. V. Delano returned to Kansas, where he followed the occupation of farming for five years. He then came to Washington but at the end of eight months revisited his native state, establishing a shoe store in Ottawa. He conducted the business for two years, and in 1902 he became the proprietor of a livery stable in Marysville, Washington. He was thus engaged for eight years, prospering in the DR. ALBERT B. MURPHY . HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 373 undertaking, and then became a stockholder in the Marysville Manufacturing Company, of which he was made secretary. He devoted his attention to the operation of the business from 1913 until 1918, when it was sold, and he next became financially interested in a mill on Lake Wenatchee. In 1923 Mr. Delano erected a building in Marysville, in which he opened a general store, purchasing a stock of dry goods and groceries. He is at the head of the business, which is conducted under the name of the Marysville Mercantile Company, and honest dealing, courteous service and up-to-date commercial methods have brought him a large share of public patronage. Mr. Delano is one of the enterprising members of the Commercial Club and his fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In politics he follows an independent course, placing the qualifications of a candidate above party ties, and for two terms was a member of the town council. He is now serving as town treasurer and efficiently discharges the duties of the office, carefully safeguarding the public funds. His has been an upright, serviceable life of varied activities, and his worth to the community is uniformly conceded. LEWIS RANDOLPH HITCHCOCK For almost a half century Lewis Randolph Hitchcock has been identified with railroad operations, and forty-one years of this time have been spent with one railroad, which fact stands in marked testimony to his faithfulness and efficiency in the performance of duty. In the realm of private citizenship he has been equally loyal, and no man in his community commands in a greater measure the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens. He was born in Whitestown, New York, in 1860, and is a son of Daniel and Mary (Lewis) Hitchcock, the latter of whom was a native of New York state and died at the age of thirty-nine years. Daniel Hitchcock, who was born, reared and educated in New York, was a railroader practically all his life, serving for nearly forty years as station agent on the New York Central Railroad. His death occurred at Medina, New York, in 1915. Lewis R. Hitchcock was educated in the public schools of New York and in Albion Academy. At the age of eighteen years he began to follow in his father's footsteps, learning the art of telegraphy and entering the employ of the New York Central Railroad; also working two years as ticket seller and telegraph operator on the New York elevated lines. In 1885 he left New York and went to North Dakota, where he entered the employ of the Great Northern Railroad as station agent and telegraph operator. He was in that state about a year and was then transferred to Minnesota, where he worked in the same capacity for about eight years. At the end of that time he was sent to South Dakota and spent the following twelve years at Yankton and Sioux Falls. His health began to fail, and, desiring a change of climate, he secured a release from his position there and was sent to Washington as relief man in the same line of work. After holding that position for six months, he was again put into the regular service and was made station agent for the Great Northern Railroad at Richmond Beach, where he remained three years, after which he was at Edmonds six years, and then became station agent and operator at Sultan, which position he is still filling. His service here has been characterized by faithful and painstaking attention not only to the interests of the railroad company, but also to the accommodation and comfort of the patrons of the line. His efforts have been appreciated and he is recognized as one of the most efficient representatives the railroad has ever had here. Mr. Hitchcock has been twice married—first in New York, in 1884, to Miss Margaret Porter, who was born in that state, a daughter of Wells and Fidelia (\Tanakin) Porter, the former a native of that state and the latter of Michigan. Mrs. Hitchcock died at Sultan in February, 1917, leaving four children, namely : Dan W., born in North Dakota, who is now living in Harrington, Washington ; Leon A., who is an express messenger on the Great Northern Railroad at Edmonds, and who is married and has two children; Roy L., of San Francisco, who is married and has a son ; and Allan J., of Bryn Mawr, who is married and has a daughter. In May, 1920, at Sultan, Mr. Hitchcock was married to Mrs. Mary Belle Warner, who was born at Gallatin, Missouri, a daughter of William and Mary E. (Yates) Johnson, both of whom passed away there, the father dying at the age of ninety-two years. She came west after marrying John F. Warner, who became one of the first merchants at Sultan. They had an eventful trip from Snohomish, which was made with mule team and during which they traveled almost impassable trails and were compelled to ford streams. Theirs was the first team to cross the railroad tracks at Monroe, and when they came to the Sultan river they 374 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY found an uncompleted bridge. Mrs. Warner was afraid to ford the river, as her baby was very young, but finally some man from Sultan helped her and her baby over the partially completed bridge, to which the approaches had not been built. Before coming west they had lived four years in Indiana, where Mr. Warner had practiced law, and they started for the coast in 1892 in the desire to benefit Mrs. Warner's health. Mr. Warner served for a time as principal of the Sultan school, and then bought out D. K. Hawk's store, one of the first stores to be established in Sultan, running it for many years up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1918. To Mr. and Mrs. Warner was born a son, Ellis E., who was two years old when the family came to this county, and who is a graduate of the law school of the University of Washington. He is now running the store at Sultan, under the name of Warner & Son. John F. Warner became not only successful in his business affairs, but also prominent and influential in the affairs of his community. He was chiefly instrumental in the organization of the Citizens Bank of Sultan and was its first president. He was one of those who perfected the organization of the town of Sultan, which he served as mayor and as a member of the council. He was a charter member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and was a past master of his lodge. Mrs. Hitchcock is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and the Daughters of Rebekah, being a past worthy matron of the former order and a past noble grand in the latter. She was one of the organizers of the Women's Improvement Club of Sultan in 1909, which she has served as president, now acting as vice president. This splendid civic organization, whose first meeting was held at Mrs. Hitchcock's house and which had twenty charter members, has done a great work in Sultan in the way of providing high class entertainment, in fostering the public library and in other beneficent work. In earlier years Mrs. Hitchcock did a good deal of oil and china painting. Mr. Hitchcock is an active member of Sultan Lodge No. 171, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of which he was formerly secretary and which he has also served as junior warden. While living at Edmonds he was a member of the school board. He is a man of fine personality, possessing those qualities which commend a man to the favorable opinion of his fellowmen, so that throughout this community he enjoys the confidence and esteem of the people generally. THOMAS H. HOPKINS For ten years Thomas H. Hopkins has conducted a bakery in Arlington, and his reputation as a capable, reliable business man is not confined to this locality, for his trade covers a wide area. A son of William and Mary Hopkins, he was born March 2, 1883, and is a native of Buckingham, Ohio. His father, who was a coal miner, passed away in Ohio, and the mother is still a resident of that state. Thomas H. Hopkins received a public school education and afterward mastered the baker's trade, which has constituted his life work. He came to Washington in 1904, on attaining his majority, and lived for two years in Bellingham. He then moved to Auburn, Washington, where he spent eight years, and on April 4, 1916, he opened a bakery in Arlington. In 1923 he erected a substantial modern building, and his work is facilitated by the most improved equipment. He uses the best material in making his products, which are of superior quality, and through untiring effort, efficient management and honest dealing he has developed a large business, supplying the town and many of the outlying villages with bakery goods. In 1911 Mr. Hopkins was united in marriage to Miss Evelyn Armstrong, a native of California, and theirs is one of the attractive homes of the town. Mr. Hopkins is independent in his political views, placing the qualifications of a candidate before party affiliations, and his life is governed by the teachings of the Catholic church. He is connected with the Knights of Columbus and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He has thoroughly allied his interests with those of Arlington and is one of its most progressive merchants. JOHN DEASON Among the most highly respected of the original families of Snohomish county is that of which John Deason is a worthy representative, and he is held in the highest esteem throughout the community where he lives. A native of Snohomish county, he was born near Park Place, in September, 1876, and is a son of Jerry and Kate (Kanim) Deason, both of whom were members of the Skykomish tribe. The father, who also was born near Park Place, died in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 375 1917, and the mother is now living with her son, the subject of this sketch. The Deason family has been established in this locality for many years, and Jerry Deason was one of the community's best known men. Iii the early days he worked in logging camps as a driver of ox teams. While our subject was a small boy, the family located at their present home, containing one hundred and forty-nine acres of good land. About four acres of the land are now cleared, the only planting done being for home use. John Deason had little opportunity for attending school, as he had to go to work in boyhood. When grown, he was employed in the Startup mill and also spent considerable time in the logging camps. He has been an industrious, hard-working man, who can always be depended upon, and he has many warm friends in this locality. He built the present home four years ago and is now very comfortably situated. Mr. Deason was married to Alice Moxley, also a member of the Skykomish tribe, and who died in 1910. All the members of her family are also dead. To Mr. and Mrs. Deason were born two children, namely : Mabel, who died in 1919 ; and one who died in infancy. In the early days, before roads had been built in this locality, trails were the only highways, and our subject brought the family provisions by canoe from Snohomish. He has been a man of steady habits and good character and enjoys the good will of all who know him. ALMON J. SUTTLES Almon J. Suttles, one of Arlington's pioneer settlers, is widely and favorably known as the proprietor of the Royal Hotel, and all that he now possesses has been acquired through hard work and the wise utilization of his opportunities. He was born in 1873 and is a native of Monroe county, Michigan. His parents were D. P. and Sarah E. (Kinyon) Suttles, the former of whom followed the carpenter's trade as a means of livelihood. Almon J. Suttles received a public school education and for some time was employed in the lumber woods of Michigan. In 1889, when a youth of sixteen, he came to Washington and after a brief stay in Woodinville located in Olympia. Later lie located at Sedro Woolley, Washington, and in 1892 came to Arlington. He worked in logging camps of this vicinity until 1893, when he went to Wisconsin, and in 1895 again made the journey to Washington. In the fall of 1896 he revisited Michigan, where he remained until the spring of 1898, and then returned to the Pacific northwest. In 1905 he built the Royal Hotel, which was completed June 13, and for twenty years he has successfully conducted the business. The hotel contains nineteen rooms and is supplied with all up-to-date conveniences. It is modern, comfortable and homelike and is a popular resort with the traveling public. Mr. Suttles is a genial host and a sagacious business man who combines a capacity for detail with executive ability. The Royal Hotel is a first class hostelry, operated on an efficient basis, and means much to Arlington. In 1899 Mr. Suttles was united in marriage to Mrs. Rosa M. House, a member of the La Palm family and a native of Canada. She came to the county in the '80s and has experienced the various phases of frontier life in northwestern Washington. Mr. Suttles belongs to the Loyal Order of Moose and has been identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1894. In politics he is a republican with independent views, and his public service covers two years of activity as a member of the town council. He is one of Arlington's most valued citizens and has won and retained the esteem of a large and ever widening circle of loyal friends. JOSHUA MUMMEY One of the old and highly respected citizens of Snohomish county is Joshua Mummey, who has passed the meridian of life and is now living quietly in his comfortable home near Sultan, spending the sunset years of his life in well earned leisure. Mr. Mummey is a native of Noble county, Ohio, born in 1850, and is a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Dillon) Mummey, both of whom also were natives of Ohio, of which state the father's family were pioneers. Our subject's parents moved from Ohio to Iowa, where the father was engaged in farming until about 1894, when they came to Snohomish county, making their home at Sultan, and there spent their remaining years, both being buried in the cemetery at that place. Joshua Mummey accompanied his parents on their removal to eastern Iowa in 1855, and he secured his educational training in the public schools of that locality. He remained there 376 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY until 1874, when he went to the western part of that state, where he engaged in farming and in teaming at the coal mines. He was one of the pioneers of that section and remained there until about 1886, when he came to Oregon, locating in Union county, where he ran a dairy for a short time. He had learned the trade of house building, and on leaving Oregon he came to Seattle, where for about two years he was engaged in that line of work. He then came to Sultan, Snohomish county, which town he helped to found, and here he did a good deal of building, among the structures erected by him being the Methodist Episcopal church, the first religious edifice in the town. He gave the lot for the church and also donated a good deal of labor in its building. While here, he bought a small homestead from Nick Cannon. In 1897, before the Klondike rush, he went to Alaska, being a pioneer in the locality where he located, and made five separate trips to that territory. He located mines and found some good "pay dirt." In 1902 Mr. Mummey sold his interests there and returned to Ballard, Washington, where he built a fine house. He remained there for some time, erecting houses, and during this period he and his wife made a trip by horse and wagon to San Diego, California, and return, traveling leisurely and hunting and fishing as they desired—a most delightful journey. He then located on a ten acre ranch on the highway between Seattle and Everett, where he remained fourteen years, or until the place was destroyed by fire in the spring of 1924, when Mrs. Mummey was killed and Mr. Mummey seriously injured by the robbers who committed the double crime. He had created a beautiful home there, erecting an attractive house, surrounded by a well kept lawn, while two fish ponds were created and stocked with trout. After recovering from his injuries, Mr. Mummey spent some time recuperating in the open, fishing and hunting, and then, in the spring of 1926, he bought the place where he now lives, putting up a small but comfortable home and garage, and now puts in his spare time in making "witch-hazel" furniture. Mr. Mummey was twice married—first, in eastern Iowa, to Miss Sarah A. Draper, who was born in New York state, and who died in 1905. She was a daughter of Henry and Emily Draper, the latter of whom died when Mrs. Mummey was a small girl. To Mr. and Mrs. Mummey were born four children, namely : George Elmer, a contractor at Seattle, who is married and has four children, all of whom are married; Mrs. Minnie B. Anderson, of Alberta, Canada, who is the mother of two daughters, both married ; Mrs. Matie Gustin, who died in Snohomish in 1907 ; and Mrs. Katie M. Hale, of Everett, who has two children. In 1906, in Ballard, Mr. Mummey was married to Mrs. Laura Taylor, nee Gardiner, whose tragic death occurred in 1924. Mr. Mummey served as justice of the peace two years at Ballard and also served two years in the same office at Sultan. He has for many years been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has at times filled the pulpit. He is a man of kindly and tolerant disposition, generous in his support of all worthy causes, and enjoys the confidence and respect of all who know him. WILLIAM H. FOWLER William H. Fowler has spent much of his life in Arlington, progressing with its development, and as the proprietor of a modern hotel, conducted along up-to-date lines, he is contributing materially toward the advancement of the town, at the same time winning individual prosperity. He was born April 26, 1884, in Sioux City, Iowa, and is a son of W. G. and Electa (Kelsey) Fowler, who migrated to Washington in 1887. The father was connected with the lumber business for many years working in various mills, and is now enjoying a well earned rest. William H. Fowler attended public school, completing his studies in Arlington. In 1905 he opened a cigar store and poolroom in the town, and as the years passed his trade steadily increased and he developed a large business. In August, 1925, he purchased the Moran Hotel, which he is now conducting. This is a well appointed hostelry, heated with hot water, and containing twenty-three rooms, each supplied with hot and cold water. Mr. Fowler has a large clientele and maintains a high standard of service. He closely supervises every detail of the work, which is systematically and efficiently performed, and by both temperament and ability he is well adapted to the hotel business. On August 16, 1911, Mr. Fowler married Miss Bertie Wedding, a native of Illinois, and they became the parents of three sons, but Ellsworth, the second in order of birth, is deceased. The others are : Clarence ; and Charles William, who is known as "Billie." Mr. Fowler owes allegiance to no party and invariably casts his ballot for the candidate best qualified to conserve the public weal. He is serving for a second term on the town council and is one of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 377 the energetic members of the Commercial Club. He is in the van of every movement for' the benefit of Arlington and its citizens and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen, for his life has been guided by honorable principles and actuated by worthy motives. DAVE A. TALBOT Each man who strives to fulfill his part in connection with human life and human activities is deserving of recognition whatever may be his field of endeavor, and it is the function of works of this nature to preserve for future generations an authentic record of those whose lives have been worthy and who stand high in their respective communities, for it is the individual accomplishments which, combined, make real history. The record of the honored subject of this sketch has been a varied and exceedingly interesting one and is well worthy of preservation, both because of its historical value and because of his splendid career and his exemplary character. Dave A. Talbot, whose comfortable and attractive home is located near Riverview, is a native of the state of Louisiana, born on the 1st of November, 1847, and he is a son of James and Ellen (Taylor) Talbot, both of whom were natives of England, in which country their marriage occurred. The father was engaged in the shipping business and made a number of trips to the United States. Eventually, several years before the birth of the subject of this sketch, he settled in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he engaged in farming. He remained there until 1856, when he removed to Independence, Missouri, then a frontier river town, where he made his permanent home. Dave A. Talbot secured his education in the public schools of Livingston parish, Louisiana, and Missouri. He remained with his father until sixteen years of age, when, during the Civil war, he enlisted in the Union army, joining the Eleventh Regiment, Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, with which he served two years, mainly in Missouri, eastern Kansas and Arkansas. After the war he went to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and back. That being prior to the advent of the railroads in the west, he made many trips as a driver for the Overland Stage Company, being with that company during the Indian troubles in that section of the country. After two years' service with that company, Mr. Talbot engaged in freighting through the same section of the country, continuing in that line until the coming of the railroads put the freighters out of business in the early '70s. He then engaged in mining and prospecting in New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Utah and Montana for about ten years, after which he located in South Dakota, where for about ten years he devoted his attention to farming mainly, though during a part of that time he served as a guard or outrider for stage coaches. One stage which he thus guarded carried four hundred thousand dollars worth of gold. About 1890 Mr. Talbot came to Washington and worked on the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railroad, now a part of the Northern Pacific system, and he remained with that road continuously until 1923, when he quit that line of work, being retired on a pension by the company. During practically all of that period he was employed on bridge work and lived at Lowell, but at the time of his retirement he located on his present ranch at Riverview, built a nice comfortable house, and is now very pleasantly situated, enjoying the leisure to which his long period of activity so richly entitles him. He has seven acres in his home place and also owns eight acres across the road. In 1891 Mr. Talbot was married to Miss I. M. Walker, who was born near the present home place, a daughter of George and Betsy (Dyer) Walker, the latter being a member of the Pil-chuck tribe, with which the whites were on very friendly terms. George Walker was born in Portland, Maine, in 1823, and was of an old American family, of English extraction. He was educated at Natick, Massachusetts, learned the paper making business, which he followed until twenty-seven years of age, when he went to California by the way of Cape Horn. He followed placer mining three years in Eldorado county and took up a claim, which he later discovered had a defective title. In 1855 he came to Puget Sound and worked for the Port Madison mill for a time, later turning his attention to fishing. Later he came to Snohomish county, locating first on unsurveyed land just south of the city of that name. In 1861 he disposed of that land and filed on a homestead, to which he later added a preemption claim, thus giving him three hundred and twenty acres of land, to the improvement and cultivation of which he devoted the remainder of his life. He was the fourth settler in Snohomish county, the three who preceded him being Frank Dolan, John Cochrane and a sailor whose name is not now known. He was a member of the jury at the first court held in Seattle, and at that time a trip to that city was a large undertaking. Provisions were exceedingly scarce, so much so that at one time dried peas were the only food of the family. To George and Betsy Walker were born seven children, namely : Anson, Igar, Leonard, Hulda, Mahala, Edward and Effie. 376 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY until 1874, when he went to the western part of that state, where he engaged in farming and in teaming at the coal mines. He was one of the pioneers of that section and remained there until about 1886, when he came to Oregon, locating in Union county, where he ran a dairy for a short time. He had learned the trade of house building, and on leaving Oregon he came to Seattle, where for about two years he was engaged in that line of work. He then came to Sultan, Snohomish county, which town he helped to found, and here he did a good deal of building, among the structures erected by him being the Methodist Episcopal church, the first religious edifice in the town. He gave the lot for the church and also donated a good deal of labor in its building. While here, he bought a small homestead from Nick Cannon. In 1897, before the Klondike rush, he went to Alaska, being a pioneer in the locality where he located, and made five separate trips to that territory. He located mines and found some good "pay dirt." In 1902 Mr. Mummey sold his interests there and returned to Ballard, Washington, where he built a fine house. He remained there for some time, erecting houses, and during this period he and his wife made a trip by horse and wagon to San Diego, California, and return, traveling leisurely and hunting and fishing as they desired—a most delightful journey. He then located on a ten acre ranch on the highway between Seattle and Everett, where he remained fourteen years, or until the place was destroyed by fire in the spring of 1924, when Mrs. Mummey was killed and Mr. Mummey seriously injured by the robbers who committed the double crime. He had created a beautiful home there, erecting an attractive house, surrounded by a well kept lawn, while two fish ponds were created and stocked with trout. After recovering from his injuries, Mr. Mummey spent some time recuperating in the open, fishing and hunting, and then, in the spring of 1926, he bought the place where he now lives, putting up a small but comfortable home and garage, and now puts in his spare time in making "witch-hazel" furniture. Mr. Mummey was twice married—first, in eastern Iowa, to Miss Sarah A. Draper, who was born in New York state, and who died in 1905. She was a daughter of Henry and Emily Draper, the latter of whom died when Mrs. Mummey was a small girl. To Mr. and Mrs. Mummey were born four children, namely : George Elmer, a contractor at Seattle, who is married and has four children, all of whom are married ; Mrs. Minnie B. Anderson, of Alberta, Canada, who is the mother of two daughters, both married; Mrs. Matie Gustin, who died in Snohomish in 1907 ; and Mrs. Katie M. Hale, of Everett, who has two children. In 1906, in Ballard, Mr. Mummey was married to Mrs. Laura Taylor, nee Gardiner, whose tragic death occurred in 1924. Mr. Mummey served as justice of the peace two years at Ballard and also served two years in the same office at Sultan. He has for many years been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has at times filled the pulpit. He is a man of kindly and tolerant disposition, generous in his support of all worthy causes, and enjoys the confidence and respect of all who know him. WILLIAM H. FOWLER William H. Fowler has spent much of his life in Arlington, progressing with its development, and as the proprietor of a modern hotel, conducted along up-to-date lines, he is contributing materially toward the advancement of the town, at the same time winning individual prosperity. He was born April 26, 1884, in Sioux City, Iowa, and is a son of W. G. and Electa (Kelsey) Fowler, who migrated to Washington in 1887. The father was connected with the lumber business for many years working in various mills, and is now enjoying a well earned rest. William H. Fowler attended public school, completing his studies in Arlington. In 1905 he opened a cigar store and poolroom in the town, and as the years passed his trade steadily increased and he developed a large business. In August, 1925, he purchased the Moran Hotel, which he is now conducting. This is a well appointed hostelry, heated with hot water, and containing twenty-three rooms, each supplied with hot and cold water. Mr. Fowler has a large clientele and maintains a high standard of service. He closely supervises every detail of the work, which is systematically and efficiently performed, and by both temperament and ability he is well adapted to the hotel business. On August 16, 1911, Mr. Fowler married Miss Bertie Wedding, a native of Illinois, and they became the parents of three sons, but Ellsworth, the second in order of birth, is deceased. The others are : Clarence ; and Charles William, who is known as "Billie." Mr. Fowler owes allegiance to no party and invariably casts his ballot for the candidate best qualified to conserve the public weal. He is serving for a second term on the town council and is one of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 377 the energetic members of the Commercial Club. He is in the van of every movement fore the benefit of Arlington and its citizens and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen, for his life has been guided by honorable principles and actuated by worthy motives. DAVE A. TALBOT Each man who strives to fulfill his part in connection with human life and human activities is deserving of recognition whatever may be his field of endeavor, and it is the function of works of this nature to preserve for future generations an authentic record of those whose lives have been worthy and who stand high in their respective communities, for it is the individual accomplishments which, combined, make real history. The record of the honored subject of this sketch has been a varied and exceedingly interesting one and is well worthy of preservation, both because of its historical value and because of his splendid career and his exemplary character. Dave A. Talbot, whose comfortable and attractive home is located near Riverview, is a native of the state of Louisiana, born on the 1st of November, 1847, and he is a son of James and Ellen (Taylor) Talbot, both of whom were natives of England, in which country their marriage occurred. The father was engaged in the shipping business and made a number of trips to the United States. Eventually, several years before the birth of the subject of this sketch, he settled in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he engaged in farming. He remained there until 1856, when he removed to Independence, Missouri, then a frontier river town, where he made his permanent home. . Dave A. Talbot secured his education in the public schools of Livingston parish, Louisiana, and Missouri. He remained with his father until sixteen years of age, when, during the Civil war, he enlisted in the Union army, joining the Eleventh Regiment, Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, with which he served two years, mainly in Missouri, eastern Kansas and Arkansas. After the war he went to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and back. That being prior to the advent of the railroads in the west, he made many trips as a driver for the Overland Stage Company, being with that company during the Indian troubles in that section of the country. After two years' service with that company, Mr. Talbot engaged in freighting through the same section of the country, continuing in that line until the coming of the railroads put the freighters out of business in the early '70s. He then engaged in mining and prospecting in New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Utah and Montana for about ten years, after which he located in South Dakota, where for about ten years he devoted his attention to farming mainly, though during a part of that time he served as a guard or outrider for stage coaches. One stage which he thus guarded carried four hundred thousand dollars worth of gold. About 1890 Mr. Talbot came to Washington and worked on the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railroad, now a part of the Northern Pacific system, and he remained with that road continuously until 1923, when he quit that line of work, being retired on a pension by the company. During practically all of that period he was employed on bridge work and lived at Lowell, but at the time of his retirement he located on his present ranch at Riverview, built a nice comfortable house, and is now very pleasantly situated, enjoying the leisure to which his long period of activity so richly entitles him. He has seven acres in his home place and also owns eight acres across the road. In 1891 Mr. Talbot was married to Miss I. M. Walker, who. was born near the present home place, a daughter of George and Betsy (Dyer) Walker, the latter being a member of the Pil-chuck tribe, with which the whites were on very friendly terms. George Walker was born in Portland, Maine, in 1823, and was of an old American family, of English extraction. He was educated at Natick, Massachusetts, learned the paper making business, which he followed until twenty-seven years of age, when he went to California by the way of Cape Horn. He followed placer mining three years in Eldorado county and took up a claim, which he later discovered had a defective title. In 1855 he came to Puget Sound and worked for the Port Madison mill for a time, later turning his attention to fishing. Later he came to Snohomish county, locating first on unsurveyed land just south of the city of that name. In 1861 he disposed of that land and filed on a homestead, to which he later added a preemption claim, thus giving him three hundred and twenty acres of land, to the improvement and cultivation of which he devoted the remainder of his life. He was the fourth settler in Snohomish county, the three who preceded him being Frank Dolan, John Cochrane and a sailor whose name is not now known. He was a member of the jury at the first court held in Seattle, and at that time a trip to that city was a large undertaking. Provisions were exceedingly scarce, so much so that at one time dried peas were the only food of the family. To George and Betsy Walker were born seven children, namely : Anson, Igar, Leonard, Hulda, Mahala, Edward and Effie. 378 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY To Mr. and Mrs. Talbot were born three children, namely : John L. and Everett C., who remain unmarried and are living at home, and who are veterans of the World war, having served on submarine chasers in the navy ; and Helen, who is now ten years of age. For over twenty-five years Mr. Talbot has been a member of the Knights of Pythias, belonging to Lodge No. 92 at Lowell. He is able to relate some very interesting reminiscences of the early days in this locality and also of his experiences while living in the Indian country farther east. In speaking of the South Dakota stage trips, he states that the guards dared not sleep for a minute during the stage trip, which were often two days in length, for any relaxation in vigilance was apt to be fatal both to the safety of the party and the valuables which were carried. He has passed through a series of experiences the like of which no longer exists and his reminiscences if preserved would form a valuable contribution to the history of the section of country with which he was so long identified. Though a quiet and unassuming man, he nevertheless possesses a strong personality and makes a favorable impression on all who come in contact with him. The consensus of opinion on the part of his neighbors and fellow citizens is that he is a splendid citizen, a good friend and a man who in every way is richly deserving of the high place which he holds in the respect and esteem of all who know him. G. ROY HURD Following in the business footsteps of his father, G. Roy Hurd has established an enviable reputation as a miller and grain dealer, and for twelve years East Stanwood has been the scene of his operations. He was born March 13, 1883, in Clarksville, Missouri, and was but three years old when his parents, F. H. and Kate L. Hurd, settled in Lewis county, Washington. There the father was engaged in the grain and milling business until 1888, when he transferred his activities to Seattle. He was very successful in his undertakings and is now living retired in that city. G. Roy Hurd attended the public schools of Seattle and also completed a course in a business college. He was long associated with his father, acquiring valuable experience, and in 1914 started out for himself. He organized the Stanwood Grain Company, of which he has since been president, and deals in grain, feed, cement and coal. The company has a custom mill for grinding corn. The main warehouse is a building one hundred by one hundred feet in extent and has track connections, and there is a branch warehouse fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions. It is situated on the river at Stanwood, and the company has its own dock. There is also a grain elevator with storage room for several carloads, and the equipment includes a pair of automobile truck scales with a capacity of eighteen tons. In 1910 Mr. Hurd was united in marriage to Miss Hattie A. Strang, of Seattle, who presides with grace and dignity over their attractive home. Mr. Hurd is a Mason and is also connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is allied with the republican party but has neither sought nor held political office. His heart is in his work and he brings to his daily tasks enthusiasm and belief in their importance which make it possible for him to keep pace with the spirit of the age with all of its complexities. His commercial transactions have always balanced up with the principles of truth and honor, and his enterprise and ability have won him leadership in the lines in which he specializes. ARLINGTON COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION The Arlington Cooperative Association was formed in 1901 by the dairymen of the Arlington district and now has about three hundred members. It was started with a capital of two thousand dollars, which has been increased to five thousand dollars, and all of the stock is held by the farmers of this locality. August Lammers was the first president and B. C. Schloman was chosen vice president. M. M. McCauley was made secretary and Hans Thompson assumed the duties of treasurer, while John H. Armstrong was one of the directors. The present officers are : George A. King, president ; J. J. Harvey, vice president ; L. R. Palmer, secretary ; and A. F. West, treasurer and general manager. Among the directors are F. E. Swimm and Edward Markwell. The organization is controlled by men of enterprise, ability and sound judgment and has therefore prospered. It pays its members five cents per pound above the market price for butter fat. The association sells buttermilk and manufactures "Arlington Peerless Butter," which is made under the direction of F. C. John- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 379 son, an expert in this line of work. The butter is of exceptionally fine quality and is sold direct to camps and stores. The plant is modern, sanitary and well equipped. It has a daily capacity of twelve hundred pounds of butter and the output is distributed over a wide area. Since 1924 Mr. West has been manager of the Arlington Cooperative Association, exerting every effort to promote its interests, and his labors have been manifestly resultant. He was born September 12, 1882, in Michigan, and is a son of Orrin and Almena (Brown) West, the former a native of Ireland. The father was engaged in the meat business for many years and is now living retired, but the mother has passed away. After the completion of his high school course the subject of this sketch worked in various mills and in 1899 became a bookkeeper for the Standard Oil Company. In 1906 he came to Arlington and for eleven years was employed in sawmills, acting as manager during a portion of the time. In 1914 he purchased a tract of fifty acres near Arlington and through systematic effort has transformed the land into a productive farm, on which he has a fine herd of pure bred Jerseys. In 1914 Mr. West married Miss Myrtle F. Kaiser, a daughter of A. J. Kaiser. She was born in Missouri and during her girlhood went to Wyoming, later coming to Arlington, Washington. To this union has been born a son, Roger. Mr. West is a republican and is a leader in local political circles. He is precinct committeeman and is a candidate for the office of county commissioner. He belongs to the Masonic order, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is also a member of the Commercial Club and is serving as its vice president. Mr. West is a "live wire" in his community and is accorded the respect which the world ever yields to the self-made man. CARL J. GUNDERSON Carl J. Gunderson, one of the founders and builders of East Stanwood, is the proprietor of a large mercantile establishment. He also is filling the office of postmaster, and the town is indebted to him for its most important public utilities. At an early age he began to provide for his own support and the exercise of effort has developed his latent powers, bringing out the best and strongest in his nature. He was born November 30, 1876, and is of sturdy Norwegian stock. His parents, H. M. and Malene Gunderson, located in Story county, Iowa, in 1881 and two years later migrated to Yankton, South Dakota. They spent a short time in that city and established their home in Turner county, South Dakota, where the father followed the carpenter's trade. At his death, in 1885, he left a widow and seven children. Carl J. Gunderson attended the public schools of South Dakota, and contributed his share toward the support of the family. At Yankton he learned the cabinetmaker's trade, which he followed until 1903, and then entered the retail lumber business at Irene, South Dakota. He arrived in Stanwood, Washington, in April, 1907, and lived for two years in Cedar-home, a nearby village. In 1909 he became manager of the People's Union store and in the fall of 1910 aided in organizing the Bank of Stanwood, of which he was president during the first year of its existence. In 1909 he was one of the men who established the town of East Stanwood, which he named, and in every possible way has fostered its growth. In 1911 he secured electric light for the town and was also one of the prime movers in starting the waterworks plant, of which he was manager from 1911 until 1914. The Commercial Club was formed in 1911 and Mr. Gunderson was its president for seven years. In 1913 a post office was established here and he was appointed postmaster. He is still serving in this capacity, and his long retention in the position is indicative of the quality of his work. In 1911 Mr. Gunderson opened a small store in East Stanwood and now carries a large stock of merchandise, handling furniture, hardware, paints, oils, plumbing supplies, builders' hardware, McCormick-Deering farm machinery, De Laval separators and milkers, and dairy supplies. This is the store of "Service and Quality" and the business is conducted under the style of the C. J. Gunderson Company, Inc., of which he is the president. He is an enterprising merchant, thoroughly imbued with the progressive spirit of the age, and his trade covers a wide area. In 1913 he opened an undertaking establishment and has also made a success of this business. He carries a fine line of funeral accessories and his equipment and service are thoroughly adequate. In 1901 Mr. Gunderson married Miss Emma Bruget, a daughter of Jorgen Bruget, who was one of the early homesteaders of South Dakota, where he settled in 1866. To this union were born four children: Olive, who is a graduate of the Washington State Normal School and secretary to its president ; Esther, a professional nurse ; Harold, who completed a course in the Washington State College and is preparing to enter the medical profession; and Clayton, also a medical student. 380 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Gunderson is a stanch adherent of the republican party and served for several years on the school board, exerting his influence to secure the best educational advantages for the children of this locality. He is one of the Sons of Norway and belongs to Everett Lodge No. 479, B. P. 0. E. Mr. Gunderson is a music lover and possesses a fine voice. For seventeen years he has been a member of the Pacific Coast Norway Chorus and has been very active in its work, serving for some time as first vice president. He is first tenor of the organization, which has a chorus of fifty male voices and which left Seattle, April 20, 1926, for a concert tour of forty performances in the United States and Norway. His is a many-sided, forceful personality and a symmetrical, well ordered life. His activities have touched the general interests of society to their betterment, and few careers have matched his in service to the community. OLE LUNDBERG After many vicissitudes and a career of hard and persistent toil, Ole Lundberg is now nicely located on an excellent tract of land near Sultan and is creating a fine farm. He has been the architect of his own fortune, never having had the advantage of wealth or influential friends to give him a start in life, but he has had the definiteness of purpose and the persistency to follow that purpose regardless of discouragements, so that the prosperity which is now his has been well deserved. Mr. Lundberg was born in Sweden, September 19, 1857, and is a son of Ole and Breta Lundberg, who also were natives of that country. He attended the public schools of his native land and served the prescribed time in the national army. He came to the United States in 1881 and located in Kansas, where he remained about a year. He then came to Snohomish county and went to work in the woods for Blackman and, later, for Stinson, following that line of work for about twenty years. He preempted a tract of land near Sultan but did not prove it up. However, in 1884, he bought forty-seven acres of land on the Skyhomish river from his brother-in-law, Mr. Johnson, and spent the winters there, clearing about ten acres of the land. He then sold that place and bought eighty-five acres along the county road from Mr. Stockton, between three and four acres of which were cleared. Of this tract he cleared between twenty-five and thirty acres. In 1891 he returned to Sweden, was married there, and then came back to Snohomish county, bringing his bride and his father and mother. He then traded his Stockton land and for a time thereafter he lived on various places, owning several of them. During this period he cleared a good deal of land and did other work of a similar nature. He kept considerable stock, which he attended to after coming out of the woods. In 1923 Mr. Lundberg bought his present place of one hundred and ten acres, on which he is making many improvements and is fixing it up and equipping it in splendid shape. He is engaged in dairy farming, keeping eight or ten good cows and a number of head of young stock, and in this line of work he is succeeding to a very gratifying degree. He raises his own grain and roughage, and is shipping his milk independently. In 1891, in Sweden, Mr. Lundberg was married to Miss Johannah Lundberg, who died in 1893, leaving one child, Hannah, who is now the wife of Walter Horning and the mother of one child. In 1899 he married Miss Andrette Walberg, also a native of Sweden ; to them have been born two children : Mrs. Lillian Fowler, of Skyhomish ; and Edward, who remains at home. Mr. Lundberg has taken a commendable interest in the progress of his community and donated his services in the building of the Woods Creek bridge, as well as in the building of many of the early roads. He also served one term as road supervisor. His record has been replete with duty faithfully performed under all circumstances and he has stood for the best things in community life, being a persistent advocate of good schools, improved roads and other things that contribute to the welfare and progress of an enlightened and progressive people. Because of these elements of character, he has won and retains to a marked degree the confidence and good will of his fellowmen. R. W. SHAW R. W. Shaw, one o f the substantial business men of Arlington, is also filling the office of mayor, and the general good of the community is his first concern. He was born in 1865 and is a native of Macon county, Alabama. His parents were William T. and Mary (Ward) Shaw, the former a well known merchant of Macon county. The subject of this sketch HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 381 was a cadet in a military academy, in which he received good training and discipline, and he began his commercial career with a wholesale dry goods firm. He was next employed by a wholesale grocery house and later engaged in that business under his own name. He sought the opportunities of the Pacific northwest in 1900 and became connected with the Charles H. Lilly Company of Seattle, Washington, dealers in flour, feed and hay. He remained with that firm until 1916, when he came to Arlington and opened a feed store. He also handled meat and afterward added a grocery department. Subsequently he disposed of his stock of feed and groceries and now confines his attention to the meat business. He has a fine market and enjoys a large trade, which he has won by courteous service and honest methods. Mr. Shaw is married and has one child, a daughter. He is one of the enterprising members of the Commercial Club and along fraternal lines is connected with the Masonic order, the Eastern Star, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a republican in his political convictions and served for one term on the town council. He was elected mayor of Arlington in 1925 and is seeking earnestly to advance the interests and promote the growth of the community through a businesslike and progressive 'administration. Frank, genial and wholesouled, Mayor Shaw has a capacity for winning and retaining friends and fills an important place in the life of the town. FRED R. YOUNG Fred R. Young of the firm of Young Brothers, grocers, recognized as one of the leaders in the commercial life of Snohomish county, is joint proprietor with his brother, William H. Young, of a well stocked and admirably appointed grocery store at Sultan. He was born in the city of Newark, New Jersey, April 12, 1889, and was but three years of age when in 1892 his parents, Daniel and Sophie (Kropf) Young, came to Washington and settled at Sultan, where for years Daniel Young followed his trade as a carpenter, being a helpful factor in the general development of that village. Reared at Sultan, Fred R. Young attended the local schools and upon leaving school was employed in the operations of the local mills, continuing thus engaged until October, 1921, when he entered upon his present mercantile enterprise in association with his brother William, the two since successfully operating under the firm name of Young Brothers. Their store is amply stocked, and the invariable dependability of their service, their courteous attention to the needs of their customers, the progressive methods adopted in the management of their business and their wide reputation for straightforward dealing have brought them a liberal patronage. In July, 1912, Fred R. Young married Miss Clara Morris, who was born in Indiana, and they have two sons, Maurice and Forrest. Their firstborn, a daughter, Irma, died when five months old. In his political views Mr. Young maintains a nonpartisan attitude, placing the qualifications of a candidate before all other considerations, and lends the weight of his support to all projects designed to prove of benefit to the community of which he is an energetic and influential part. Earnest, purposeful and determined, he has pressed steadily onward, and his success has been commensurate with his industry and ability. FRED GEORGE VERD Among the men of courage, vision and ability to whom Arlington owes its industrial development is numbered Fred George Verd, who is associated with his brother in the manufacture of lumber and belongs to a family that was established in Washington in territorial days. He was born in Huron county, Michigan, in 1883 and was but five years old when his parents, Charles and Phoebe (Hoffman) Verd, migrated to Woodinville, Washington. His high school education was received in Seattle, and he was also graduated from the Wilson Business College of that city. In 1902 his brother, William H. Verd, established a sawmill in Arlington, and they have since been partners in the business. They have a fine plant and maintain a high standard of efficiency in the operation of the mill. They are well informed on everything pertaining to the lumber industry and their business methods are characterized by the progressive spirit of the age. In 1907 Mr. Verd was united in marriage to Miss Edna Davies, of Minnesota, and they have four children : Frederick, Kenneth, Phillip and Mary. Along fraternal lines Mr. Verd is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of America 382 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is allied with the republican party but has never entered politics, reserving his energies for business affairs. His life has been one of quiet devotion to duty and his many good qualities are thoroughly appreciated by his fellow citizens, who speak of him in terms of high regard. NELSON JOSEPH CRAIGUE Nelson Joseph Craigue was born at Aurora, Nevada, August 22, 1864. His father, P. A. Craigue, was a "forty-niner" of California, and his mother was six months crossing the plains from Michigan to Nevada by ox team in 1859. In 1870 the family moved to Washington territory. His mother rode a white cayuse pony from Horse Plains, Montana, to the family homestead at Morans Prairie, near Spokane Falls. She rode without saddle or bridle, using only a blanket secured to the pony by a circingle, and a hair rope for a bridle. Young Craigue rode behind her on the pony. In 1871 the family moved to Walla Walla. Five years later, in 1876, his stepfather, John A. Allen, was killed by the Indians. In 1881, along with his mother, young Craigue moved to Seattle. At the age of seventeen he was steward on the steamer Nellie, which plied on Puget Sound between Seattle and the village of Snohomish. In 1883 he moved to Los Angeles, California. In 1888 he returned to Puget Sound. In 1891, when the city of Everett was founded, he was the first sign writer to engage in that business. He helped organize the first volunteer fire company (Washington No. 1), served seven years as a volunteer fireman and was president of the department when the volunteer service was replaced by a paid department. In 1894 he was elected to the city council for two terms and he served as chairman of the finance committee. In 1896 he was defeated for mayor on the citizens independent ticket. In 1897 he was appointed deputy county treasurer. In 1898 he was elected to the school board without opposition and he served thereon two terms. In 1901 he was elected to the city council on the republican ticket. In 1903 he was elected to the legislature. In 1904 he was defeated for mayor on an anti-gambling and saloon platform. From 1909 until 1912 he resided at Eugene, Oregon, and in the latter year returned to Everett, Washington. In 1915 he was appointed deputy county treasurer and in 1917 was appointed chief deputy county treasurer. During the World war, in 1917, Mr. Craigue was appointed chairman of Home Defense. In 1918 he enlisted in the American Expeditionary Forces for oversees work in the service of the Young Men's Christian Association. In August, 1918, he volunteered for transport service on the troop ship Dunvegan Castle, plying between New York and Europe. In September, 1918, he was transferred to Paris, France, and assigned to the duties of treasurer of the Hotel Pavillion. This hotel was conducted solely for the accommodation of American soldiers while on leave in Paris. In October, 1918, he was assigned to the management of the Hotel Gibraltar and after the armistice was promoted to the position of directing supervisor of twelve hotels and restaurants in the Paris division. In 1920 Mr. Craigue was nominated by the direct priMary without opposition and elected county treasurer of Snohomish county. In 1922 he was defeated for the nomination for congress in the second district of Washington. In September, 1922, following the primary election, he was elected chairman of the republican county central committee of Snohomish county, and in 1924 was again elected to the same position but he resigned in March, 1926, after being appointed acting postmaster. In 1923 he was selected by Rucker Brothers as manager of the Big Four Inn for the summer seasons of 1923 and 1924. On February 11, 1926, Mr. Craigue was appointed acting postmaster by Postmaster General Harry S. New. On June 23, 1926, he was appointed postmaster by President Calvin Coolidge. OWEN WILLIAM S For many years Owen Williams has been classed with the enterprising farmers of Snohom-mish county and as a worthy representative of one of the pioneer families of northwestern Washington he is widely known and highly respected. A native of Wales, he was born in 1856 and was but two years old when his parents, William M. and Elizabeth Williams, came to the United States. They settled in Scranton and the father obtained work in the coal mines of Pennsylvania. He had followed that occupation in Wales and in 1859 went to the mining district of California. He visited other parts of the west and in 1862 came to Washington. He engaged in mining in the Bellingham Bay district and in 1878 located in Snohomish county. For about a year he devoted his energies to the task of cutting wood for steamboats and in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 383 1879 entered a tract of government land at Machias. He built a log house on the place and cleared a small portion of the place but owing to repeated floods abandoned the claim. He sold the relinquishment for twenty-five dollars but never received payment. His brother, Morgan Williams, had preempted land in Snohomish county and in 1880 William M. Williams located in the vicinity, making the journey in a canoe. There were no roads and the bottom land was covered with water but at Fiddler's Bluff a trail had been made. Mr. Williams was obliged to carry his supplies on his back from that point and experienced many difficulties in those early days. The district was heavily wooded and in order to develop his tract he was obliged to burn much valuable timber, which he was unable to sell owing to the inaccessibility of the locality. He proved up on the homestead and after years of patient toil succeeded in clearing about forty acres of the property. He possessed the true spirit of the pioneer, bearing with fortitude the trials and privations of frontier life, and aided in blazing the trails for the oncoming thousands who have made this one of the most fertile regions of the west. Owen Williams attended the public schools of Pennsylvania and in 1878 went to Peterson, Iowa, where he spent about ten years, cultivating land in Clay county. In 1887 he settled on his father's farm and afterward secured forty acres of his present place, formerly the homestead of his uncle, Morgan Williams. In order to gain a start the subject of this sketch worked in the coal mines and also engaged in prospecting. He raised hay and other crops and had a few cows. He now owns a ranch of one hundred and forty acres and has about sixty acres under cultivation. He knows the best methods of cultivating the soil and has brought his land to a high state of development. He grows large crops of potatoes and grain and is planning to raise roughage. He has thirty valuable Holstein cows and at the head of the herd is a registered sire. He finds dairying a profitable industry and keeps well informed on everything pertaining to his line of work. In 1877 Mr. Williams was married in Pennsylvania to Miss Mary Owens, whose parents, Richard and Elizabeth (Williams) Owens, were also Welsh and in their native land had become friends of the family of her husband. Mr. and Mrs. Owens came to the United States in 1870 and settled on a farm in Iowa, where the mother passed away in 1889. Mr. Owens afterward came to Snohomish county, in which he spent the remainder of his life, responding to death's summons in 1894. To Mr. and Mrs. Williams were born nine children: John H., who remained a bachelor and died at the age of thirty-eight years ; Richard, who is unmarried and assists his father in operating the homestead ; Mrs. Bessie Sims, deceased, whose family of four children were reared by her parents ; Owen, a fur trader in northwestern Canada ; Janet, deceased; Everett, who was named for the Washington city of that name and died when but a year and a half old ; Phillip, who is connected with the Du Pont Powder Company of New Jersey and has a wife and two children ; Myrtle, who is living in Seattle, Washington ; and Thomas, who is associated in business with his brother Owen and also resides in the Canadian northwest. Mr. Williams is connected with the Knights of Pythias, belonging to Everett Lodge, No. 91, and is one of its oldest members. He has been road supervisor and school director, evincing at all times a deep and helpful interest in every project destined to prove of benefit to the district in which he resides. He has never been afraid of hard work and is now reaping the benefit of his labors. He has many friends throughout the county and his record is a credit to an honored family name. HOWARD C. THOMPSON Well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods have characterized the career of Howard C. Thompson and these qualities have not only brought him material success, but have also gained for him the esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Thowpson whose splendid poultry farm is located near Marysville, was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, on the 18th of October, 1863, and is a son of James and Jane (Cunningham) Thompson, both of whom died in Ohio, where the father had followed agricultural pursuits for many years. Howard C. Thompson attended the public schools during his earlier years but at the age of twelve he lost his father by death and it was thereafter necessary for him to assume the lead in family affairs, being the eldest of the five children. He faithfully cared for the others until he was twenty-one years of age, when, in 1884, he went to Kansas and took up a tract of government land in the Osage Indian reservation. He remained there until 1890, when he went to Missoula, Montana, and engaged in railroading for about five years. In 1905 he went to Seattle, Washington, where he was in railroad employ until 1911, when he 382 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is allied with the republican party but has never entered politics, reserving his energies for business affairs. His life has been one of quiet devotion to duty and his many good qualities are thoroughly appreciated by his fellow citizens, who speak of him in terms of high regard. NELSON JOSEPH CRAIGUE Nelson Joseph Craigue was born at Aurora, Nevada, August 22, 1864. His father, P. A. Craigue, was a "forty-niner" of California, and his mother was six months crossing the plains from Michigan to Nevada by ox team in 1859. In 1870 the family moved to Washington territory. His mother rode a white cayuse pony from Horse Plains, Montana, to the family homestead at Morans Prairie, near Spokane Falls. She rode without saddle or bridle, using only a blanket secured to the pony by a circingle, and a hair rope for a bridle. Young Craigue rode behind her on the pony. In 1871 the family moved to Walla Walla. Five years later, in 1876, his stepfather, John A. Allen, was killed by the Indians. In 1881, along with his mother, young Craigue moved to Seattle. At the age of seventeen he was steward on the steamer Nellie, which plied on Puget Sound between Seattle and the village of Snohomish. In 1883 he moved to Los Angeles, California. In 1888 he returned to Puget Sound. In 1891, when the city of Everett was founded, he was the first sign writer to engage in that business. He helped organize the first volunteer fire company (Washington No. 1), served seven years as a volunteer fireman and was president of the department when the volunteer service was replaced by a paid department. In 1894 he was elected to the city council for two terms and he served as chairman of the finance committee. In 1896 he was defeated for mayor on the citizens independent ticket. In 1897 he was appointed deputy county treasurer. In 1898 he was elected to the school board without opposition and he served thereon two terms. In 1901 he was elected to the city council on the republican ticket. In 1903 he was elected to the legislature. In 1904 he was defeated for mayor on an anti-gambling and saloon platform. From 1909 until 1912 he resided at Eugene, Oregon, and in the latter year returned to Everett, Washington. In 1915 he was appointed deputy county treasurer and in 1917 was appointed chief deputy county treasurer. During the World war, in 1917, Mr. Craigue was appointed chairman of Home Defense. In 1918 he enlisted in the American Expeditionary Forces for oversees work in the service of the Young Men's Christian Association. In August, 1918, he volunteered for transport service on the troop ship Dunvegan Castle, plying between New York and Europe. In September, 1918, he was transferred to Paris, France, and assigned to the duties of treasurer of the Hotel Pavillion. This hotel was conducted solely for the accommodation of American soldiers while on leave in Paris. In October, 1918, he was assigned to the management of the Hotel Gibraltar and after the armistice was promoted to the position of directing supervisor of twelve hotels and restaurants in the Paris division. In 1920 Mr. Craigue was nominated by the direct prithary without opposition and elected county treasurer of Snohomish county. In 1922 he was defeated for the nomination for congress in the second district of Washington. In September, 1922, following the primary election, he was elected chairman of the republican county central committee of Snohomish county, and in 1924 was again elected to the same position but he resigned in March, 1926, after being appointed acting postmaster. In 1923 he was selected by Rucker Brothers as manager of the Big Four Inn for the summer seasons of 1923 and 1924. On February 11, 1926, Mr. Craigue was appointed acting postmaster by Postmaster General Harry S. New. On June 23, 1926, he was appointed postmaster by President Calvin Coolidge. OWEN WILLIAMS For many years Owen Williams has been classed with the enterprising farmers of Snohom-mish county and as a worthy representative of one of the pioneer families of northwestern Washington he is widely known and highly respected. A native of Wales, he was born in 1856 and was but two years old when his parents, William M. and Elizabeth Williams, came to the United States. They settled in Scranton and the father obtained work in the coal mines of Pennsylvania. He had followed that occupation in Wales and in 1859 went to the mining district of California. He visited other parts of the west and in 1862 came to Washington. He engaged in mining in the Bellingham Bay district and in 1878 located in Snohomish county. For about a year he devoted his energies to the task of cutting wood for steamboats and in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 383 1879 entered a tract of government land at Machias. He built a log house on the place and cleared a small portion of the place but owing to repeated floods abandoned the claim. He sold the relinquishment for twenty-five dollars but never received payment. His brother, Morgan Williams, had preempted land in Snohomish county and in 1880 William M. Williams located in the vicinity, making the journey in a canoe. There were no roads and the bottom land was covered with water but at Fiddler's Bluff a trail had been made. Mr. Williams was obliged to carry his supplies on his back from that point and experienced many difficulties in those early days. The district was heavily wooded and in order to develop his tract he was obliged to burn much valuable timber, which he was unable to sell owing to the inaccessibility of the locality. He proved up on the homestead and after years of patient toil succeeded in clearing about forty acres of the property. He possessed the true spirit of the pioneer, bearing with fortitude the trials and privations of frontier life, and aided in blazing the trails for the oncoming thousands who have made this one of the most fertile regions of the west. Owen Williams attended the public schools of Pennsylvania and in 1878 went to Peterson, Iowa, where he spent about ten years, cultivating land in Clay county. In 1887 he settled on his father's farm and afterward secured forty acres of his present place, formerly the homestead of his uncle, Morgan Williams. In order to gain a start the subject of this sketch worked in the coal mines and also engaged in prospecting. He raised hay and other crops and had a few cows. He now owns a ranch of one hundred and forty acres and has about sixty acres under cultivation. He knows the best methods of cultivating the soil and has brought his land to a high state of development. He grows large crops of potatoes and grain and is planning to raise roughage. He has thirty valuable Holstein cows and at the head of the herd is a registered sire. He finds dairying a profitable industry and keeps well informed on everything pertaining to his line of work. In 1877 Mr. Williams was married in Pennsylvania to Miss Mary Owens, whose parents, Richard and Elizabeth (Williams) Owens, were also Welsh and in their native land had become friends of the family of her husband. Mr. and Mrs. Owens came to the United States in 1870 and settled on a farm in Iowa, where the mother passed away in 1889. Mr. Owens afterward came to Snohomish county, in which he spent the remainder of his life, responding to death's summons in 1894. To Mr. and Mrs. Williams were born nine children: John H., who remained a bachelor and died at the age of thirty-eight years ; Richard, who is unmarried and assists his father in operating the homestead ; Mrs. Bessie Sims, deceased, whose family of four children were reared by her parents ; Owen, a fur trader in northwestern Canada ; Janet, deceased ; Everett, who was named for the Washington city of that name and died when but a year and a half old ; Phillip, who is connected with the Du Pont Powder Company of New Jersey and has a wife and two children ; Myrtle, who is living in Seattle, Washington; and Thomas, who is associated in business with his brother Owen and also resides in the Canadian northwest. Mr. Williams is connected with the Knights of Pythias, belonging to Everett Lodge, No. 91, and is one of its oldest members. He has been road supervisor and school director, evincing at all times a deep and helpful interest in every project destined to prove of benefit to the district in which he resides. He has never been afraid of hard work and is now reaping the benefit of his labors. He has many friends throughout the county and his record is a credit to an honored family name. HOWARD C. THOMPSON Well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods have characterized the career of Howard C. Thompson and these qualities have not only brought him material success, but have also gained for him the esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Thompson whose splendid poultry farm is located near Marysville, was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, on the 18th of October, 1863, and is a son of James and Jane (Cunningham) Thompson, both of whom died in Ohio, where the father had followed agricultural pursuits for many years. Howard C. Thompson attended the public schools during his earlier years but at the age of twelve he lost his father by death and it was thereafter necessary for him to assume the lead in family affairs, being the eldest of the five children. He faithfully cared for the others until he was twenty-one years of age, when, in 1884, he went to Kansas and took up a tract of government land in the Osage Indian reservation. He remained there until 1890, when he went to Missoula, Montana, and engaged in railroading for about five years. In 1905 he went to Seattle, Washington, where he was in railroad employ until 1911, when he 384 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY joined the Puget Sound Navigation Company, with which he remained until 1919. He then bought ten acres of land near Marysville, Snohomish county, and engaged in the poultry business. In this he has met with more than ordinary success, having now about two thousand laying hens, all being of the White Leghorn breed. He has made substantial improvements on his ranch and is devoting his time and attention closely to his work. In 1887 Mr. Thompson was united in marriage to Miss Millie Howard, who was born and reared in Morrow county, Ohio, and they are the parents of the following children : Janie, who is the wife of Chester Beach, of Beaverton, Oregon ; Blanche, who is the wife of Rollo Bacon, of Glendale, California ; John, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Bertha, who lives at home and is engaged in teaching school ; and Hugh, also at home. Politically Mr. Thompson has always been independent, voting according to the dictates of his judgment, regardless of party lines. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He belongs to the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association and takes a deep interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of the farmer. He is also interested in local public affairs and served as a member of the school board while living in Kansas. A man of great energy and sound judgment, he has ably directed his affairs and is now numbered among the substantial and enterprising poultry farmers of southwestern Snohomish county. WILLIAM MARION HULBERT No better eulogy can be pronounced upon a community or upon its individual members than to point to the work they accomplished. This is essentially a utilitarian age and the man of action is very much in evidence. The late William Marion Hulbert was such a man, and it is a pleasure to record briefly his career. Intimately associated for years with the industrial development of the thriving city of Everett, and taking an active interest in the public affairs of his community, he was not underestimated by a people who quickly learned to appreciate his true value as a potent factor in important affairs. Though of unpretentious demeanor, he possessed the silent but powerful force that attracted men—the mental qualities and personal magnetism that drew men to him and the tact and power that made him a leader among his fellows. In early life he laid the foundation of a character which through a long and useful career made him a man of worth and influence in his city and county. A native of Kansas, Mr. Hulbert was born in Brown county in 1858 and came of Scotch lineage. In the early days the highland chiefs fought with a weapon called the whirl bot, which was whirled when thrown at the enemy. His ancestors became so proficient in the use of that missile that they were called the whirl bots and in later centuries the name has undergone several changes, eventually assuming the present form of Hulbert. Representatives of the family settled in America in pioneer times and served with gallantry in the Continental army, loyally protecting the interests of the country of their adoption. Ansel Hulbert, the father of William M. Hulbert, was the son of a Methodist Episcopal minister and a native of Canada. After his father's death he moved with his mother to Kansas, where he subsequently married Lucinda Cottle, a native of Kentucky. When their son William Marion was but two years old they started across the plains with a train of immigrants and were attacked by a band of Indians, who shot two members of the party. After five months of trials and privations they reached Portland, Oregon, and later journeyed to California. In 1875 they located on a farm near Olympia, Washington, and afterward moved to Seattle, which was then a small settlement. The father homesteaded a tract of land in the marshes near Snohomish, and to the improvement and development of this ranch he devoted his energies for a number of years. He then moved to Snohomish and for a considerable period was identified with the logging industry. He built up a large business and in the meantime disposed of his ranch, acquiring real estate in Everett. He was also active in public affairs and while a resident of Snohomish served for a number of years as justice of the peace, likewise becoming one of the first members of the forest commission. Death summoned him on April 19, 1906, and his widow passed away in February, 1915. William M. Hulbert received a public school education and early in the '80s entered the logging business at Fall City, Washington, in association with his father, hauling logs through the woods with ox teams and marketing them in Port Gamble and Port Ludlow. They were among the first in the field and developed a large industry. In 1914 the Fred K. Baker Lumber Company had been formed at Everett, and in 1916 William M. Hulbert bought the controlling interest in the business, which was reorganized in 1920 as the Hulbert Lumber Company. The plant was enlarged and now covers thirty-one acres on the bay front. The mill was completely electrified in 1916 and is one of the most modern in this region. The plant cuts eighty WILLIAM M HULBERT HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 387 thousand feet of cedar lumber and three hundred and fifty thousand shingles per day. Employment is furnished to about two hundred men, and the firm also handles a large quantity of hemlock lumber. The finished product is of superior quality and is sent by way of the Panama canal to points throughout the United States. The company also has a large export trade with Japan and enjoys an enviable reputation for commercial integrity and enterprise. William M. Hulbert remained at its head until his death, December 28, 1919, fostering the growth of the business by deep thought, carefully matured plans and close supervision of every detail, while in the direction of its larger phases he displayed marked executive power. His widow is now president of the corporation and since his demise has successfully conducted the business. In 1888 Mr. Hulbert was married to Miss Meda Lyons, a daughter of Lysander and Rhoda (Bugbee) Lyons, natives of Ohio. Mrs. Hulbert was born in Ashtabula, Ohio, and is descended from sturdy old American stock. Both of her grandfathers were veterans of the War of 1812 and members of pioneer families of Connecticut. In 1883 Mrs. Hulbert came with her parents to Snohomish, and her father entered a homestead on the Snoqualmie river. He remained in that locality until about 1904, when he bought a small ranch on the highway, and there he and his wife spent their remaining years. He responded to the final summons July 27, 1917, and Mrs. Lyons was called to her final rest March 14, 1913. Mrs. Hulbert received her early instruction in Ohio and after coming to the Pacific northwest attended Mrs. Granger's private school in Snohomish. She completed her studies in the University of Washington at Seattle, fitting herself for educational work, and engaged in teaching until her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Hulbert became the parents of five children. The eldest, William Glen, was born in Snohomish and completed a course in the Everett high school. He attended Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts, and in 1913 was graduated from Yale University. He has since been manager of the William M. Hulbert lumber mill and belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Golf Club. He married Miss Katherine Baker, a daughter of Fred K. Baker, one of the prominent lumbermen of Everett, and they have become the parents of a son, William Glen, Jr. Ruth was a student at St. Helen's Hall in Portland, Oregon, and was graduated from Rogers Hall in Lowell, Massachusetts. For a year she attended a finishing school at Briarcliff, New York, and is now the wife of Dwight Ware, of Lake Forest Park, and the mother of a son, William Hulbert. Aida was a student at a girls' collegiate school in California and was graduated from Rogers Hall at Lowell, Massachusetts, also attending a select school for girls at Briarcliff, New York. She is the wife of Charles Ingram, by whom she has two children, Susanne and Marian. Mr. and Mrs. Ingram reside at Snoqualmie Falls, Washington. Fred M. left the Everett high school at the close of his sophomore year and afterward received a diploma from Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts. This was followed by a two years' course in Yale University and he now acts as manager of the North Coast Casket Company, an Everett corporation. He was married to Miss Emily Jerome. Meda, the youngest member of the family, was graduated from the Everett high school and in Rogers Hall prepared for entrance to Smith College, which she attended for two years, afterward continuing her studies in the Commonwealth School in New York. Mrs. Hulbert is a woman of many gracious qualities, popular in the circles in which she moves, and is a member of the Women's Book Club, the first woman's club organized in Everett. Mr. Hulbert was a republican in his political views and kept in close touch with the great issues of the day. He was a charter member of the Cascade Club and the Rainier Club of Seattle, and also belonged to many other clubs. Forgetful of self, he devoted himself with enthusiasm to the welfare of enterprises which he knew stood for righteousness and morality, and his efforts along this line did not pass without recognition and appreciation, though no act of his was designed to gain public applause. Only those privileged to be admitted to his intimacy could have full appreciation of the combined elements of strength and gentleness, courage and kindliness, duty and generosity that early gained for him the respect and admiration of his fellowmen. To have known him was a privilege, to have enjoyed his friendship was a benediction, and to have had him as a fellow citizen was an inspiration. IVER J. BIRKESTOL Iver J. Birkestol, an enterprising and prosperous agriculturist of Snohomish county, owns and cultivates seventy acres of land on the lower Stillaguamish river, near Norman. His birth occurred in Norway on the 27th of August, 1862, his parents being John and Annie (Olsen) Birkestol, also natives of that country. The father died in Norway in 1886, but the mother is still living at the advanced age of ninety-one years. Their family numbered five children, as follows : Mali, who passed away in Seattle, Washington; Iver J., of this 388 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY review ; Ole, a sketch of whom appears on another page of this work ; Elias, deceased ; and Thomas. Iver J. Birkestol received his education in Norway and subsequently followed farming in that country until 1881, when he came to the United States as a young man of nineteen years. He first settled in Rock county, Minnesota, where he devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits for a period of two years, after which he removed to Ashland county, Wisconsin. There he worked in the woods during the winter seasons, while in the summer months he sailed on the Great Lakes. It was in the year 1889 that he made his way to the Pacific northwest, locating first in Seattle, Washington, where he worked for one summer. In 1891 he took up a homestead claim in Clallam county, whereon he resided for fifteen years and which he partly cleared of the timber which covered it. He also built a house and barn on the property. After disposing of the place in 1906 he acted for one year as keeper of the Desdemona Sands lighthouse at the mouth of the Columbia river. Subsequently he came to Snohomish county and, in association with his brother, Ole Birkestol, purchased a tract of one hundred and forty-five acres near Norman, about twenty acres of which had been cleared. The brothers carried on their farming interests in partnership until 1926, when they divided their property, Iver J. Birkestol now owning seventy acres. The latter built a barn in 1917 and in 1907 erected a new residence. His land is devoted principally to the raising of hay and to pasture and he milks twenty-four Guernsey cows. He belongs to the Dairy Association of Snohomish county. His is a well improved and productive farm and large crops annually reward his labors. Aside from his farming activities he takes a helpful interest in educational and good roads projects. On the 25th of June, 1907, Mr. Birkestol was married to Mrs. Bessie (Knutson) Sager, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of Nels and Elizabeth (Holven) Knutson, both of whom were born in Norway. Nels Knutson emigrated to the United States in 1876 and settled in Jackson county, Wisconsin, where he took up a homestead claim and successfully carried on general agricultural pursuits until 1920. In that year he sold the place to his sons and removed with his wife to Black River Falls, Wisconsin, where he has since lived retired in the enjoyment of well earned ease. He has a family of seven children, namely : Mrs. Bessie Birkestol ; Mrs. Emma Embler, who is a resident of Seattle ; Carl, living in Chicago ; Emil, who resides in Wisconsin ; Louis, who also makes his home in Wisconsin ; Harry, likewise a resident of the Badger state; and Mrs. Nina Reinhart, who also lives in Wisconsin. By her first husband, Mrs. Birkestol had three children, as follows : Carrol Sager, born June 9, 1902 ; Eugene Sager, whose birth occurred July 14, 1904 ; and Lillian Sager, born on the 1st of November, 1906. Mr. and Mrs. Iver J. Birkestol are the parents of six children, namely: Anna, whose natal day was January 8, 1909 ; John, born March 14, 1911; Basil, born March 14, 1914 ; Harold, whose birth occurred July 13, 1915 ; Ione, born April 11, 1918; and Helen, who was born August 29, 1920. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HOWARD Benjamin Franklin Howard is probably as widely and favorably known as any farmer of Snohomish county, through his success in raising, buying and shipping fruit. His present prosperity has been gained through indomitable labor and the exercise of sound judgment and he has attained an enviable standing among his fellow citizens. Born in Elmira, New York, September 19, 1865, he never knew his parents as they died during his early infancy. He was placed in an orphan asylum, where he remained until five or six years of age, when he was bound out, but conditions were such that he revolted and when about fourteen years of age ran away. He then worked on farms in New York state until twenty-three years of age. In 1889 he made his way to Tacoma, Washington, and obtained work in the logging camp of Jackson & Clark on the Reservation where he remained about a year. He then rented a small tract of land, on which he raised garden truck, which he sold in Tacoma. During the following three years he worked in logging camps in the Sound district, after which he was employed along the Port Blakely road in cutting wood for locomotives. He then went to California, where he spent eight years on fruit and berry ranches, thus gaining valuable experience. In 1898 Mr. Howard came to Snohomish county and spent three years in shingle bolt camps, and in 1901 he came to his present place of twenty-one acres, which had been logged off but otherwise only partially cleared. He cleared this land by hand, not understanding the use of gunpowder in that work, and now has the land all cleared. He has also put up a good set of buildings, including house, barns and cabins at necessary places on the land for HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 389 the use of workers in busy seasons. At first Mr. Howard carried on general farming and truck gardening, but his experience in the fruit belt of California induced him to try fruit raising here. He put in a large number of fruit trees, virtually all of which have since been replanted and he now has quinces, pears, eight varieties of cherries and a few apples, in addition to which he has raspberries, blackberries, a few currants and strawberries, having twenty acres of his land in fruit. Practically all his products are shipped for which purpose he uses "pony" refrigerators, sending his fruit to Montana, the Dakotas and other eastern markets, in which he has retained many customers for twenty years. He takes a justifiable pride in the splendid condition in which he gets his fruit to its destination. He also buys large quantities of fruit throughout this section of the county and ships it, being careful to handle nothing but the best quality. He employs two men the year round and during the picking season hires as many as forty persons, for the use of which he has cabins at convenient places. In 1899 Mr. Howard was married to Miss Mary Cox, who was born in Louisville, Kentucky, a daughter of Kale and Margaret Cox, both of whom are natives of Kentucky. Mrs. Howard came to Washington about 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Howard have no children of their own, but they adopted a boy Frank, at the age of six months. He was married to Miss Vivian Lens-dale and has one child, Marion. Mr. Howard is a member of the Grange and has done a good deal of free road work in this locality. He was chiefly instrumental in getting the Howard school started and was a member of the school board up to the time the district was consolidated. He has been greatly interested in every phase of the development of the community and enjoys to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of all who know him. MICHAEL SILL Though three decades have come and gone since Michael Sill passed to the life triumphant, he is still favorably remembered by many of the older residents of Snohomish county, where for many years he was regarded as one of the leading pioneer farmers. Because of his many excellent personal qualities and the helpful part which he played in the early development of this locality it is particularly fitting that specific mention be made of him in the permanent annals of his county. Michael Sill was born in Pennsylvania on the 2d of December, 1819, and was a son of Oswald and Mary Wright (Rudd) Sill, the former born December 18, 1774, and the latter February 26, 1789. These worthy people were married June 4, 1804, in Pennsylvania, by Rev. Dr. Blackwell. Oswald Sill was a large tobacco planter in Ohio, where he lived until his death, and to him and his wife were born twelve children. Michael Sill received his education in the public schools of his native state and in the late '30s the family moved to Ohio. For several years he followed steamboating on the Mississippi river and after his marriage engaged in farming in Pennsylvania, following that vocation until 1852, when he moved to Cedar county, Iowa. He farmed there several years and then went to Greene county, that state, where he remained two years, going thence to Adair county, Iowa, where he bought land. He operated that farm until 1881 when he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, to visit his son Jasper, who had come to Washington in 1877. After remaining here a year he went back to Iowa and sold his property there, returning to Washington in February, 1883. On his arrival he preempted one hundred and sixty acres of land on the Stillaguamish river, between Arlington and Silvana, and at the same time four of his children, Jasper, Marion, Isaac and Rebecca, also took claims. They proved up these claims and then sold and in 1886 Mr. Sill bought eighty acres on the South slough, one mile south of Silvana. The land at that time was covered with timber and brush and there were practically no roads in the locality, most traveling being done by canoe. Mr. Sill bought a yoke of oxen, which were used in clearing the land as well as being driven to the wagon. Their supplies were obtained from Stanwood. Here Mr. Sill effectually labored and in the course of time developed a good, productive farm and a comfortable home, where he spent the remaining years of his life, his death occurring December 5, 1896. His wife died July 6, 1900. On March 12, 1846, Mr. Sill was married to Miss Susan Rake, a native of Ohio, and they became the parents of the following sons and daughters : John, born in Ohio, December 20, 1846, and now deceased; Jasper, born in Ohio, January 23, 1848 ; Isaac N., born in Ohio, December 2, 1852, now deceased ; Mrs. Mary Masterson, now deceased, was born in Iowa, March 18, 1854 ; Fred N., who was born in Iowa, March 31, 1856, and has passed away ; Mrs. Susan Hancock, born July 21, 1858; Sarah M., born July 25, 1860, now deceased ; Mrs. Eliza J. Major, born April 5, 1862 ; Rebecca E., born in Iowa, September 30, 1865; and Charles C., born in Iowa November 21, 1868. Rebecca and Charles still live on the old home place, 390 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY which they own jointly, and Miss Sill also owns fifty-three acres on the highway, four miles northwest of Silvana. They are engaged in dairy farming, keeping twenty-two good grade Guernsey cows, and they raise fine crops of hay and oats, as well as root crops for the cattle. They have been members of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association ever since its organization, and in every way have contributed their support to the advancement of every interest for the welfare of the community. JOHN NESS One of the enterprising and successful agriculturists and respected citizens of the northwestern part of Snohomish county is John Ness, a man whose history furnishes a splendid example of what may be accomplished through determined purpose and well-directed efforts, and today no man stands higher than he in the confidence and regard of the people of his community. Mr. Ness was born in Norway on the 16th of February, 1874, and is a son of John and Karen (Olson) Ness, also natives of that country. They came to the United States in 1902, their son John having made a trip back to Norway for them, and here they spent their remaining years, the father dying in 1913 and the mother in 1916. They were the parents of six children, namely : Mrs. Ingeborg Dahl ; Anna, who is the widow of Michael Anderson, a sketch of whom appears on other pages of this work ; Mrs. Johanna Tellef son ; John, the subject of this sketch; Mrs. Kari Peterson ; and one who died in infancy. John Ness was educated in the public schools of Norway and followed the business of fishing there for three years. In 1893 he came to the United States, locating in Silvana, Washington, where he was employed at farm work for a time. Then for two years he worked in the woods, after which he engaged in salmon fishing, owning his own outfit. He followed that line of work until 1903, when he bought ninety acres of land, a half mile south of Silvana. This land was only partially cleared, and he cleared the remaining portion, made other needed improvements and lived there six years. In 1911 Mr. Ness sold sixty-six acres of this tract, and still owns the remaining twenty-four acres. At that time he bought thirty-two acres adjoining the town of Silvana on the west, about half of which was cleared. He carried on the work of developing this place, which is now one of the best dairy farms in this section of the county. It consists mainly of rich bottom land and produces abundant crops of hay, while oats and vetch are raised for ensilage. A part of the land affords excellent pasture. Mr. Ness keeps fifteen high-grade cows, some of which are pure bred Jerseys, and also has a registered sire. He has devoted himself untiringly to his work and has had the satisfaction of knowing that his efforts have been eminently successful. Mr. Ness has been twice married, first, on April 16, 1903, to Miss Ingeborg Druping, who was born in Norway, the daughter of Anders and Mary Druping. To this union were born four children, namely : Mary, who graduated from the Stanwood high school and is now attending the State Normal School at Bellingham ; John C., Kalma and Inez J., who remain at home, the latter being in her senior year at high school. Mrs. Ingeborg Ness died in September, 1911, and on December 14, 1912, Mr. Ness was married to Miss Brynhild Rabben, a native of Norway and the daughter of Frederick and Hannah Rabben, both of whom died in their native land. They were the parents of the following children: Peter, Tore, Brynhild, Christopher, Martha, Hanna and Marcus. To Mr. and Mrs. Ness have been born three children, Frederick I., Harry and Lloyd Bernard. Mr. Ness is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, is secretary of the Silvana Trading Union Company and is a director of the Silvana Water Company. He is also a member of Silvana Lodge, Sons of Norway. He has been an earnest supporter of improved roads and good schools and served three years as a member of the school board at Silvana. In all of his business affairs he has been guided by right principles and has gained to a marked degree the confidence of all with whom he has had dealings. DANIEL A. DURYEE Daniel A. Duryee is a pioneer in the real estate and insurance field of Everett, and his constructive labors have been of signal service to the city. A son of Schuyler and Margaret A. (Devoe) Duryee, he was born July 27, 1880, at Falls Church, Fairfax county, Virginia. His father was a native of Bayonne, New Jersey, and his mother's birth occurred in Warren, Herkimer county, New York. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 391 Mr. Duryee attended the public schools of Everett and after his graduation from high school engaged in teaching for three months. He was a member of the reportorial staff of one of the Everett papers for nine months and then became a bookkeeper for the Everett Improvement Company, filling the position for a year. In February, 1902, he embarked in the real estate and insurance business as a member of the firm of Kennedy & Duryee and since June, 1906, upon the death of his partner, Samuel M. Kennedy, he has continued the business under his own name. During 1907 and 1908 he maintained a branch office in the Alaska building, Seattle. He has changed unsightly vacancies into fine residential districts, doing much to enhance the values of property in the neighborhoods in which he has operated. He has platted and sold numerous additions, including Lake Stevens waterfront tracts, Beverly Park, the first addition to Beverly Park, Beverly acreage tracts, Everett View tracts, Priest Point Park, the Bailey addition to Everett, an exclusive residential district, and other additions. He is a leader in development projects and has built and sold many attractive houses and other buildings. The last large building erected through his efforts is the Medical & Dental building, a seven-story office building, situated at the northwest corner of Colby avenue and California street in Everett. He is treasurer and manager of the Medical & Dental Building Company, the Beverly Park Land Company, the Beverly Park Water Company and the Tyee Home Building Company. In 1910 Mr. Duryee married Clotilde G. Robinson, a daughter of Mrs. Charles H. Dahlem, of Seattle, and they now have three children : Clotilde Devoe, Marjorie Ann and Daniel A., Jr. Mr. Duryee is a republican but has never entered politics. He is both a York and Scottish Rite Mason and an Elk and belongs to the Rotary Club, the Cascade Club, the Everett Realty Board and to the Everett Golf and Country Club. He was the first president of the Washington State Realty Association. He has been a director of the Everett Young Men's Christian Association since its organization, and is a member of the First Presbyterian Church. Coming to this city when a boy eleven years old, he has an intimate knowledge of every stage in its growth and in the work of development he has played a leading part. His success has been won by honorable methods, and his record sustains the high reputation which has ever been borne by the members of this well known family. OLE BIRKESTOL Ole Birkestol is successfully engaged in the cultivation of seventy-five acres of river bottom land which he owns in the vicinity of Norman. A native son of Norway, he was born on the 22d of August, 1866, his parents being John and Anna (Olsen) Birkestol, whose birth also occurred in the land of the midnight sun. The father died in Norway in 1886, but the mother is still living at the advanced age of ninety-one years. Their family numbered five children, as follows : Mali, who passed away in Seattle, Washington; Iver, who follows farming near Norman, this state ; Ole, of this review ; Elias, deceased ; and Thomas. Ole Birkestol obtained his early education in Norway's public schools and continued his studies in Minnesota after coming to the United States in 1882, when a youth of sixteen years. He remained a resident of the Gopher state for seven years, on the expiration of which period he came to Washington, arriving in Seattle in April, 1889. He lived in the vicinity of Seattle for about three years, being employed on the farm of Governor Squire. In 1892 Mr. Birkestol removed to Clallam county, where he took up a homestead claim of one hundred and sixty acres and engaged in farming pursuits until he disposed of the property in 1906. He then came to Snohomish county and, in association with his brother, Iver Birkestol, purchased a tract of one hundred and forty-five acres near Norman, about twenty acres of which had been cleared. The brothers carried on their farming interests in partnership until 1926, when they divided their property, Ole Birkestol now owning seventy-five acres, of which thirty acres are cleared. He keeps twenty-five good grade Guernsey cows on the pasture and annually harvests rich crops of hay as well as oats and peas for silage. His ranch is improved with attractive and substantial buildings and altogether the place indicates the supervision of a thrifty, progressive and industrial owner. On the 24th of January, 1923, Mr. Birkestol was united in marriage to Ingeborg Thorsen, a native of Norway and a daughter of John and Gunhild Thorsen, who were lifelong residents of that country. They reared a family of eight children, all of whom are yet living. Mr. and Mrs. Birkestol are the parents of two daughters, namely : Annabel, who was born May 29, 1924; and Grace, born July 12, 1925. A public-spirited and enterprising citizen, Mr. Birkestol manifests an active interest in community affairs and is an earnest supporter of the good roads movement as well as of 392 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the cause of education. He is a member of the Dairy Association and fraternally is affiliated with the Sons of Norway, belonging to Stanwood Lodge No. 17. His life has been an upright and honorable one in every relation and he well merits the confidence and esteem which are uniformly accorded him. COLLINGWOOD FISHER Collingwood Fisher has made farming his life work, gaining that expert knowledge of his occupation which comes only through long personal experience, and he is also able to speak with authority on matters pertaining to the pioneer history of Snohomish county, in which he has resided for thirty-two years. He was born in Aroostook county, Maine, in 1871, his parents, William and Mary Ann (Murphy) Fisher, being lifelong residents of the Pine Tree state. Mr. Fisher attended the public schools of his native county and then engaged in farming. He spent some time in Vermont and New Hampshire and in 1894 came to Washington, purchasing his present place in Snohomish county. It originally comprised one hundred and twenty acres but a portion of the tract has been sold. His first home was a shack of two rooms, in which he lived for eight years. Mr. Fisher came to this locality before the construction of the Seattle Hill road and in the early days he engaged in donation road work. The only means of reaching his home from the west was by trail and his nearest neighbor to the southwest was two miles distant. His land was covered with a dense growth of trees, some of which were three hundred feet in height, and in order to clear the place he was obliged to destroy much valuable timber. At times he worked as a day laborer in order to live but with patience and industry overcame each difficulty, eventually bringing his land to a high state of development. He keeps cows and chickens and is engaged in general farming. He raises the crops best adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of this region and has a fine orchard of apple, pear, cherry and plum trees. His ranch is well improved and his methods of farming are both practical and progressive. He is a tireless worker and his prosperity has been worthily earned. In December, 1894, Mr. Fisher married Miss Rose York, who was born in Maine, and her parents, S. A. and Hannah M. (Alley) York, were also natives of that state. The family came to Washington in 1889 and located in Snohomish county. In association with his brother, H. S., Mr. York later purchased a farm near Bothell, Washington, and also preempted land. His was one of the first homesteads in the locality and he and his sons cleared much of the land, on which they set out an orchard. They also built a house and from time to time made other improvements which enhanced the value of the place. Mrs. York passed away in 1913, and her husband's demise occurred in 1923. Ten children were born to them, and Mr. and Mrs. Fisher have a family of seven children. William, the oldest, is living in Spokane, Washington, and has a wife and one child, Laverne. Arthur, who resides in Norwalk, California, is also married and has a son, Donald. Abraham and Laura are at home. Frank enlisted in the United States marines and served for three years. William and Arthur received their military training at Camp Lewis, Washington, and were en route to France when the armistice was signed. The other members of the family are Harry and Rosa May, who reside with their parents. HERMAN STEFFEN Through years of earnest and unremitting toil Herman Steffen has attained a place in the front rank of the farmers of his section of Snohomish county and has become an influential factor in developing the interests of this locality. He is a native of Germany, born November 20, 1870, and is a son of D. and Lena (Steffen) Steffen. He received his education in the public schools of his native land and in 1886, when sixteen years of age, he came to the United States with an uncle, locating in Iowa. Subsequently his parents also came to this country and spent their remaining years on a farm in Iowa, the father dying in 1916 and the mother in the following year. Herman Steffen remained in Iowa about thirteen years, working out for about five years after his arrival. He was then with his parents two years, after which he rented a place on his own account and engaged in the raising of corn and other grain. In 1910 he came to his present location in the Tualco valley, Snohomish county, Washington, first buying sixty-eight acres of land, his property being later increased to one hundred and sixty HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 393 acres. The land had been logged off and a few acres cleared, but the only highway to the place was an almost impassable road. He now has about seventy acres of the land cleared and has erected a set of good farm buildings, so that he now has a very valuable and attractive farm. He has been chiefly engaged in dairy farming, keeping thirty-five head of pure bred Holstein-Friesian cows, the oldest and one of the largest pure bred herds of that breed of cattle in Snohomish county. His productive fields yield good crops of hay and grain, and he also has a nice orchard and a fine flock of chickens. While living in Iowa, Mr. Steffen was united in marriage to Miss Lena Sick, who was born in Davenport, that state, a daughter of John and Katherine Sick, both of whom were natives of Germany. The father came to the United States when about sixteen years of age, locating in Iowa, where his death occurred in 1920. His wife, who was brought to this country at the age of seven years, is still living in Iowa. To Mr. and Mrs. Steffen have been born two children, namely : Albert, of the Tualco valley, who is married and has two children; and Adelia, who is the wife of W. C. Rhode, living near Pendleton, Oregon, and the mother of two sons. Mr. Steffen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Holstein-Friesian Association. He is also a member of the Monroe Farm Loan Association, a director of the Dairy Association for the local district, a director of the Grange Fire Relief Association and a member of the Grange Warehouse Company of Monroe. He and his wife are strong members of the Grange. He formerly belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Mrs. Steffen is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah. He has always been a stanch advocate of good roads and better educational facilities and has cooperated with his fellow citizens in all movements for the betterment of the community in any way. He is successful in his business affairs, respected in social life, and as a neighbor he has discharged his duties in a manner that has won for him the unbounded respect and good will of all who know him. MARION SILL One of the best remembered of the farmers and early settlers of northwestern Snohomish county was the late Marion Sill, whose death, on March 1, 1908, was regarded as a distinct loss to the community in which he lived. He was one of the sterling pioneers to whom we owe so much, having come here when the land was little more than a wilderness, working long and hard, develdping the fertile fields and fine farms which the present generation now enjoys. He was a man of industrious habits, sterling integrity and excellent business judgment. Mr. Sill was a native of Ohio, born on the 17th of August, 1853, and was a son of Michael and Susie (Rake) Sill, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania. The father came to Stanwood in 1881, remaining here about a year, and then returned to Iowa for a few months. Selling his property there, he again came to Washington and took up a homestead on the Stillaguamish river, two miles east of Silvana. After proving up on this land, he sold it and bought one hundred and sixty acres of land on South slough, where he established his permanent home and lived there until his death, which occurred in 1896. His wife passed away July 6, 1900. They were the parents of eleven children. Marion Sill was educated in the public schools of Iowa and remained at home until his marriage in 1881. In 1883 he came to Snohomish county and took up a preemption claim on the Stillaguamish river, between Silvana and Arlington. He proved on this one hundred and sixty acre tract, bought the land and then sold it soon afterwards. He next purchased eighty acres of land on South slough, near Silvana, the land being covered with timber and brush, and he set to work to clear it and develop a farm. He lived in a log house for some years, but in 1904 he built a large and comfortable residence and the year previously built a commodious barn. He devoted himself closely to the development and improvement of this property and it has long been considered one of the best farms in the locality. He is survived by his widow, who is still living on the farm, which is being ably managed and operated by her son Jesse. They are giving their attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping a nice herd of high grade Guernsey cows. The land produces excellent crops of hay and grain, a part of the land also being in pasture. In 1881 Marion Sill was united in marriage to Miss Jane Irish, who was born and reared in Iowa, a daughter of Jesse and Mary (Craig) Irish, the former of whom was a native of New York state and the latter of Iowa. They had a good farm in Iowa and there spent their last years. They were the parents of five children, namely : Orlando ; Jane, now Mrs. Sill ; Roscoe, deceased ; Mrs. Mary Evans, who lives in Nebraska ; and Artie, deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Sill were born six children, namely : Charles, who was born in Iowa and died September 21, 394 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 1925; Vern, born in Iowa ; Mrs. Effie Borgen, who was also born in Iowa and is the mother of a daughter, Verle, born November 6, 1915 ; Jesse, born at Silvana, who married Miss Myrtle Johnson, and has a son, Dean, born May 30, 1923 ; Homer, born in Silvana, who married Miss Violet Snyder and has a son, Homer, Jr., born February 23, 1925 ; and Mrs. Ruby Brann, who has three children, Virginia, Wallace and Merle. Jesse Sill is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he and his brother Vern are members of Arlington Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. HARRY OLSON The record of Harry Olson is that of a man who by his own unaided efforts has worked his way from a modest beginning to a position of independence and influence in his community. His life has been one of unceasing industry and perseverance and the systematic and honorable methods which he has followed have won for him the esteem of his fellow citizens. Though of foreign birth, he has been loyal to our institutions and in the best sense of the term has been a good citizen of his community. Mr. Olson is a native of Norway, born on the 12th of December, 1871, and is a son of Ole and Ingeburg Langlend, both of whom were natives of that country. The father died in 1914, but the mother is still living there. To them were born seven children, namely : Harry, the subject of this sketch ; Mrs. Louisa Fosberg, who lives in this state ; Lars, of Stanwood, Washington ; and Ingvald, Mrs. Nicolane Aakernes, Mrs. Rangnild Ljoen and Mrs. Elsie Ljoen, all of whom remain in their native land. Harry Olson was educated in the public schools of his native land and remained on his father's farm until 1891, when he came to the United States. He settled in Winnebago county, Minnesota, where he was employed as a farm hand for three years, or up to the time of his marriage. After that event he leased a farm there, to the operation of which he gave his attention for three years, and then he bought a livery stable at Frost, Minnesota, which he ran for about one and a half years. In 1903 he and Otto Dahl had bought thirty-two acres of land in Cedarhome district, near Stanwood, Washington, and on April 28th of the following year they came west and took possession of their land, dividing it between them. It was densely covered with stumps and fallen timber and a vast amount of work was required in the clearing of the land. Mr. Olson built a nice house and in the course of time, by persistent and well directed efforts he created a fine farm, in which he takes a justifiable pride. The land is practically all devoted to hay and pasture and is very productive. He keeps three good grade cows and several hundred laying hens, which are a nice source of income, and he is now in comfortable circumstances. On March 20, 1894, Mr. Olson was married to Miss Mary Floe, a native of Norway and a daughter of Esten and Ingabor (Fosnes) Floe, both of whom died in that country, where the father followed farming. They were the parents of eight children: Martha ; Ivar ; Charles, deceased; Esten ; Dorothy ; Mary ; Andreas, deceased ; and one that died in infancy. Mrs. Olson came to the United States in 1889 and settled in Minnesota, where she was living at the time of her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Olson have been born three children. Ida died in infancy. Olaf, who was born August 26, 1897, in Iowa, was accidentally drowned in the Snohomish river, September 20, 1925. He was married and left a son, Raymond Lee, born June -15, 1925. Irving, born August 29, 1900, is now at home. Mr. and Mrs. Olsen are members of the Lutheran church at Stanwood, to which they give liberal support. A good business man and energetic and enterprising in his methods, the success which has come to Mr. Olson has been well earned, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is held in the highest respect. ANDREW FLOE Andrew Floe, a successful farmer and dairyman of Florence, owns and cultivates forty acres of fine bottom land. His birth occurred in Faribault county, Minnesota, on the 23d of March, 1885, his parents being Louis L. and Sarah (Hansen) Floe, the former a native of Norway, while the latter was born at Spring Grove, Minnesota. Louis L. Floe followed the sea for a few years prior to his emigration to the United States about 1864 and in this country settled first in Wisconsin, where he engaged in logging for a number of years. It was about 1878 that he removed to Minnesota and purchased two hundred and sixty acres of land in Faribault county, where he devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits until 1903. In that HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 395 year he disposed of his property and made his way westward to Snohomish county, Washington, buying a tract of one hundred and thirty-seven acres on Hat slough, three miles south of Stanwood. This was largely stump land on which some slashing had been done, but it is now practically all in cultivation. Mr. Floe raised oats and hay thereon and also kept about thirty cows. In 1920 he leased the ranch and removed to Everett, where he purchased a home and has since lived in honorable retirement, enjoying the fruits of his former toil in well earned ease. To him and his wife have been born thirteen children, eight of whom survive, as follows : Mrs. Bessie Peterson Thalla, who lives in Faribault county, Minnesota ; Andrew, of this review ; Mrs. Sarah Carlson, a resident of Florence ; Mrs. Laura Boe, who lives on the old ranch at Florence; Martha, who is a school teacher of Everett and is still under the parental roof ; Mrs. Ruth De Soucy, a resident of Everett, Washington; Stephen, who makes his home in Yakima, Washington ; and Maynard, living in Shelton, Washington. Andrew Floe acquired his education in the public schools of his native state and was a youth of eighteen years when he came with his parents to Washington. Five years later he was married and in 1911 he purchased forty acres of his father's place near Florence, where he has since raised large crops of hay and likewise grows berries. He also engages in dairying, keeping twelve cows, and is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. On the 21st of October, 1908, Mr. Floe was married to Dagna Moe, a native of Norway and a daughter of Martin and Dorothea (Fredrickson) Moe. The father emigrated to the United States about 1904 and lived in Wisconsin for a year prior to coming to Stanwood, Washington, where he was joined by his family twelve months later. Martin Moe purchased a tract of forty acres near Port Susan and was obliged to clear away the woods and brush which covered nearly all of the land before it was available for farming. There he carried on general agricultural pursuits throughout the remainder of his life, passing away in August, 1910. He and his wife reared a family of nine children, namely : Mrs. Agnes Brudvick, who lives in Seattle, Washington; Mrs. Dagna Floe; Henry ; Mrs. Emma Mitchell, a resident of Seattle; Carl, a marine engineer who is married; Mrs. Alma Mitchell, who makes her home in Seattle; Fred Moe, who is in the service of the Pan-American Oil Company as chief engineer ; Arthur, at home ; and Evan, who is married and resides in Everett, Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Floe are the parents of three children : Lloyd, who was born November 18, 1909, and is in the second year of high school ; Mayfair, who was born December 28, 1911, and is also a high school student ; and Wilbur, whose birth occurred October 29, 1913, and who is attending grammar school. OLE LARSON Ole Larson, a successful dairy farmer living one mile west of Silvana, has resided within the borders of Snohomish county for nearly four decades and is one of the men who have wrested their farms from the grasp of swamp and forest, in the pioneer work being compelled to endure many inconveniences in order that future success might be realized. He is also the president of the Silvana Trading Union, conducting a general merchandise business at Silvana. His birth occurred in Norway, on the 10th of July, 1866, his parents being Lars and Ingeborg (Kollenes) Larson, who were also natives of that country. The father departed this life in the year 1889. Ole Larson, the fifth in order of birth in a family of nine children, attended school in Norway and remained on his father's farm until he was eighteen years of age, when he crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling in Wisconsin in 1885. After spending two and one-half years as a farm hand in the Badger state, he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and took up his abode in Silvana, where his brother Lars was then living. After working on farms for others for about a year he took a preemption of one hundred and sixty acres lying six miles from Silvana, on which place he remained for eleven years, developing it considerably and then selling out. He had previously purchased forty acres from his brother, all but two acres of which were heavily timbered. In those early days trails were the only avenues of communication except the river, and the hardships to be met were many, but Mr. Larson persevered and eventually had fifty of his fifty-four acres of land under crop or in pasture. His farm is entirely devoted to dairying, and he is now milking twenty high grade Guernsey cows. He has a registered bull. His principal crops are hay and oats for silage. Mr. Larson erected a substantial and commodious barn in 1897 and twenty years later, in 1917, built a new and modern cow barn. His was one of the first modern barns with running water in Snohomish county. In 1910 Mr. Larson was elected president of the Silvana Trading Union, a cooperative 396 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY organization of farmers which does a mercantile business amounting to eleven thousand dollars monthly. The company carries everything needed by farmers, including flour, feed and hay, and also has a mill for grinding feed. The officers of the Silvana Trading Union, which is capitalized for twenty thousand dollars, are as follows : Ole Larson, president; John Ness, secretary ; Thomas Jensen, trustee ; K. 0. Rod, trustee ; Martin Thorsen, trustee; and Robert La Flamboy, manager. On the 24th of January, 1892, Mr. Larson married Miss Marit Stinson, whose parents were among the earliest settlers on the Stillaguamish river, near Silvana. Mrs. Larson is a native of Norway, coming to this country and to Snohomish county when six years old and receiving here education here. By her marriage she has become the mother of two sons and four daughters, as follows : Mrs. Lillian E. (Larson) Robb, who is a fine musician and who has a daughter, Eleanor; Charlotte I., who also enjoyed good educational advantages and who is now employed as clerk in a store at Everett ; Nelvin S., who is engaged in the logging business; Elmer, at home ; and Vivian and Evelyn, twins, who are grammar school pupils. In political matters Mr. Larson is a republican of liberal views, and the family adheres to the Lutheran church. He has membership in the Dairy Association and fraternally is identified with the Sons of Norway, belonging to Mjolner Lodge No. 34 at Silvana. A contemporary biographer said of him: "Affable and genial he is one of the popular citizens of the community, successful as a dairyman, and recognized as a man of energy and business ability." WILLIAM FOREST OLIVER, M. D. Dr. William Forest Oliver, the pioneer physician of Arlington, has continuously followed his profession in this locality for thirty-seven years and renders to the community that service which only the skilled practitioner is capable of giving. He was born in Bloomfield, Iowa, and his parents were William Lewis and Mary Ann (Smith) Oliver. The latter was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, and passed away in 1860. The father, who was a native of Kentucky, took up the study of dentistry and was an able exponent of that profession, practicing for a number of years in Iowa and later moving to Indiana. He came to Washington in 1883, establishing his home in Tacoma, and there lived retired until his demise, which occurred in 1906. Dr. Oliver supplemented his public school course by attendance at Ladoga Seminary in Indiana and then entered the University of Illinois, from which he was graduated in 1876. He was next a student at the Medical College of Indiana, Indianapolis, now the medical department of the University of Indiana, and won his M. D. degree in 1879. He opened an office at Longton, Kansas, where he spent five years, and served four years as superintendent of schools there. He afterward lived for a few years in Howard, Kansas, and in 1889 made his way to Stanwood, Washington. He came up the river and hired an Indian to bring his supplies by canoe. He preempted land seven miles east of what is now the townsite of Arlington and lived on the place for three years. In 1893 he located in that town, which had been founded in 1890, and for some time he was the only physician between Stanwood and Wenatchee. In the early days his work was most arduous as he ministered to the settlers on distant ranches, traversing the county during the most inclement weather and never considering personal comfort or convenience when called upon to aid suffering humanity. Dr. Oliver is the oldest practicing physician in Arlington and greatly beloved by its citizens because of his unselfish spirit and generous, sympathetic nature. Time has ripened his ability and in diagnosis he is very thorough and painstaking. He is devoted to his patients and enjoys an extensive practice. He was a member of the Arlington school board for eighteen years. In 1899 Dr. Oliver was united in marriage to Miss Lillian M. Best, of Litchfield, Illinois, and theirs is one of the attractive and hospitable homes of the town. The Doctor is identified with the Knights of Pythias and casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He has been a delegate to four state conventions and was one of the strong supporters of William B. McKinley, being a warm admirer of "the little Major." Dr. Oliver was present at the dedication of a monument to Abraham Lincoln in October, 1874, and the following song was sung during the ceremony: "Sing of him from whom these great words fall, `With malice toward none and charity for all' ; Write this epitaph above his grave: He bound the nation and unbound the slave." DR. WILLIAM F. OLIVER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 399 Dr. Oliver was the organizer and first president of the Snohomish County Pioneers Society, of which he has served as president for fifteen years, and for twelve years has been health officer of Arlington. He belongs to the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. He is deeply interested in the humanitarian as well as the scientific phases of his profession, of which he has been a constant and untiring student, and his life has been long, useful and upright, crowned with successful achievement. JOHN ERICKSON John Erickson holds a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens of the northwestern part of Snohomish county, for his career has been characterized by earnest, persistent and well directed efforts, while his relations with his fellowmen have been such as to earn their respect and confidence. John Erickson was born in Norway on the 1st of March, 1863, and is a son of Erick and Ane Marta (Peterson) Johnson, both of whom are deceased. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Maret, who died at Eau Clair, Wisconsin, in 1893 ; Peter, who lives near Milltown, Skagit county, Washington ; John, the subject of this sketch ; Mica', who lives at the old homestead in Norway ; Tore, who lives on a farm near the homestead ; Marta, a widow, who also lives in that locality ; and Elen, deceased. John Erickson attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when sixteen years old. After leaving school he worked on the home farm about a year and then went to Christiansen, where for two years he was employed on a farm and ran a milk wagon. He next went to the northern part of Norway, where for two years he was employed as warehouseman on the dock for steamers. During the following winter he engaged in fishing in open boats, but found it a very trying experience, as he was compelled to work all night, with the temperature sometimes sixty degrees below zero. He then went to sea and during his five years' career as a sailor visited practically every important European port. In 1890 he quit the sea and came to the United States, settling near Fir, Skagit county, Washington, where he remained two years. In 1892 he bought eighty acres of land on the Pilchuck river, two and a half miles east of Silvana and at once set to work clearing this land of the timber and brush with which it was covered, cutting the cedar logs into shingle bolts. He now has about forty acres of his land cleared and under cultivation, raising splendid crops of hay and potatoes. He keeps seventeen good Guernsey cows and a pure bred sire. He has devoted himself closely to his farm operations and his well directed efforts have shown very gratifying results. On August 13, 1900, Mr. Erickson was united in marriage to Miss Karen Peterson, a native of Norway and a daughter of P. A. and Mary (Olson) Peterson, the former of whom was a blacksmith by trade. Of the ten children born to the Peterson family five are living, namely : Breita Erickson, Ole Pederson, Karen, Laura, who lives in Minnesota, and Ellen, who lives at Redmond, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Erickson have been born six children, namely : Mary and Fritz, who are at home ; Gertrude, who died August 7, 1924 ; Mrs. Estre Brhun, who lives at McMurray, Skagit county ; Inga, at home, and Joseph, who died October 31, 1923. Mr. Erickson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He displays public-spirited interest in the welfare of the community, being an earnest advocate of good roads and well equipped schools. In every relation of life he has been true and loyal and well merits the high place which he holds in popular esteem. ALBERT H. STEFFEN Agriculture and lumber are the two great basic industries of Washington, and especially of Snohomish county, and in the first-named field of effort Albert H. Steffen has attained a worthy success, being numbered among the progressive and scientific farmers of his locality. He was born in Shelby county, Iowa, August 26, 1894, and is a son of Herman and Lena (Sick) Steffen. The father was born in Germany in 1870, attended the public schools there and in 1886, when sixteen years old, came to this country with an uncle. They located in Iowa, where Mr. Steffen remained thirteen years, spending five years as a ranch hand, two years with his parents, who also had come to this country and located in that state, and then farmed rented land until 1900, when he came to the Tualco valley, Shohomish county, where he bought sixty-eight acres of land, to which he added until the farm contained one hundred and sixty acres. 400 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY He has cleared forty acres and is engaged there in dairy farming on an extensive scale, owning one of the finest herds of Holstein-Friesian cattle in the county. Mrs. Lena Steffen was born in Davenport, Iowa, the daughter of John and Katherine Sick, both of whom were natives of Germany. They came to the United States in childhood, were married here, and engaged in farming in Iowa, where the father died in 1920. His widow still lives in Iowa. Mr. Steffen has been an active and influential citizen of his community, being interested in those things which tell for the advancement of the county. To him and his wife were born two children: Albert H., of this sketch, and Adelia, who is the wife of W. C. Rohde, near Pendleton, Oregon. Albert H. Steffen was reared on the home farm and attended school at Monroe, walking the three miles from home to school. He was then a student in the State Agricultural College at Pullman, after which he remained with his father until twenty-four years of age, when he rented his present place for a short time, after which he was with his father again for four years. Then, after renting a place at Duvall for one year, he rented a part of his father's farm one year, and in 1925 bought one hundred and one acres of land—his present farm. About twenty acres were cleared and the same area slashed, besides which Mr. Steffen cleared four acres in 1925. In all his farming operations Mr. Steffen has given his attention chiefly to dairying, in which he has been successful, and he now keeps a fine herd of seventeen registered Holstein cows and a pure bred, registered sire. He is planning to raise his own feed and is admirably situated for the successful prosecution of the dairy business. Sixty acres of the tract is excellent bottom land and a part of the tract belonged to the old "Slim Johnny" Lundberg homestead. Mr. Steffen is giving close and painstaking attention to his work and conducting it along modern lines. In 1918 Mr. Steffen was married to Miss Alma Bischofberger, who was born in Springfield, Ohio, a daughter of Charles and Phoebe (Schwab) Bischofberger, the former was a native of Switzerland and the latter of Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Steffen have been born two children, Dorothy and Donald, aged respectively five and three years. Mr. Steffen is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose and he and his wife belong to the Grange. He is a gentleman of excellent character, cordial and friendly in manner, and progressive in all his ideas and methods, so that throughout the range of his acquaintance he commands universal respect and good will. KNUT T. KNUTSON The true measure of individual success is determined by what one has accomplished and, as taken in contradistinction to the old adage that a prophet is not without honor save in his own country, there is particular interest attached to the career of Knut T. Knutson, since he is a native son of Snohomish county, where the major portion of his life has been passed, and he has so directed his efforts as to gain recognition as a representative citizen of his community, being a worthy scion of one of its sterling pioneer families. Mr. Knutson was born on the old home place at Silvana on the 27th day of March, 1885, and is a son of Rasmus and Laura (Rorstad) Knutson, both natives of Norway. The father came to the United States in 1879 and the mother in 1881. She lived in Minnesota a year and then proceeded to Snohomish county, her marriage to Mr. Knutson occurring on October 14, 1883, at the home of N. P. Leque and the ceremony being performed by Rev. C. Jorgenson. The father was one of the pioneers of this section of the state and engaged in farming near Silvana, where he was successful in redeeming a fine tract of land from the wilderness. In 1908 he bought one hundred acres of additional land a mile southeast of Silvana, the greater part of which was covered with stumps and brush, and this he cleared and developed into a good farm. He erected a house, which later was remodeled and enlarged, and then, in May, 1915, he built a fine residence, modern in every respect, which is situated on high land overlooking the beautiful valley. However, he did not long enjoy the comfort of his new home, his death occurring in October, 1915. He is survived by his widow, who spends her time partly in Seattle and a part in the beautiful summer home on the ranch on the Stillaguamish river near Silvana. To these parents were born nine children, all of whom are living. Knut T. Knutson was educated in the public schools at Silvana and then took a business course at Parkland University. During the ensuing three and a half years he was employed as a clerk in Iver Botten's store at Silvana, and in 1906 he took charge of the Silvana branch of the Trading Union store, where he remained three and a half years. He then went to Everett and accepted a position as clerk in the county treasurer's office, which position he filled for three years, after which he went to Stanwood and for about a year clerked in the People's Union store. In 1914 he returned to the home farm and assisted in its operation. In 1920 he leased the ranch from his mother and has operated it to the present time. He a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 401 keeps twenty head of high grade milk cows and has a registered imported bull. His principal crops are hay and oats, and he also raises sufficient barley, peas and oats for ensilage. In 1912 he built one of the first modern barns in the valley and in every respect the farm is maintained at the highest standard of equipment and improvement. He is energetic and painstaking in his work, up-to-date in his methods and is enjoying a well merited success. On December 18, 1920, Mr. Knutson was married to Miss Laura M. Nelson, who was born in Tacoma, Washington, a daughter of Knut and Carrie (Estby) Nelson, both of whom are natives of Norway. Mr. Nelson was in the ministry during practically all of his life and did much missionary work. His death occurred in January, 1916, and he is survived by his widow, who now lives in Seattle. To this worthy couple were born three children, namely : Laura, now Mrs. Knutson ; Mrs. Annette Horan, who lives in Seattle ; and Mrs. Eunice Tuttle, who lives at Lewiston, Idaho. Mrs. Knutson is a cultured and well educated lady, being graduated from the University of Washington, after which she took a post-graduate course in kindergarten work. She taught several years in the primary school at Silvana and also taught a kindergarten school in Seattle several years. To Mr. and Mrs. Knutson have been born two children, Carol Lorraine, born April 9, 1922 ; and Theodore William, born July 30, 1923. Mr. Knutson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Fraternally he is a member of Stanwood Lodge, No. 249, Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Silvana Camp, Modern Woodmen of America, and Silvana Lodge, Sons of Norway. His religious affiliation is with the United Lutheran church at Silvana. Mr. and Mrs. Knutson take an active part in the social and civic affairs of their community, giving their support to every interest for the advancement of the public welfare, and they are deservedly popular throughout the range of their acquaintance. CARLTON J. KNOTT Among the progressive and up-to-date farmers of Snohomish county stands Carlton J. Knott, whose well improved farm is in the vicinity of Monroe. He possesses to a marked degree the elements that insure success and throughout the community he is highly regarded by those who have come in contact with him. Mr. Knott was born at Tipton, Cedar county, Iowa, on the 9th of February, 1864, and is a son of Joseph S. and Catherine (Dale) Knott. On the paternal side he is descended from sterling old Revolutionary stock, his great-grandfather having fought in the war for American independence. Joseph S. Knott was a native of Pennsylvania, who went to New York city and learned the printing trade under Horace Greeley. He then went west, locating in Tipton, Iowa, where he engaged in farming and there spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1893. Our subject's mother was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and went to Iowa with her family in 1839, they being pioneers of that state, where she was married and spent the rest of her life, passing away in 1901. To this worthy couple were born eleven children. Carlton J. Knott received a limited education in the public schools of Iowa, as he began working on the home farm when quite young. In the spring of 1887 he went to northwestern Nebraska and took up a homestead, on which he lived four years, and then, trading the land to his brother, he returned to Tipton. He remained there until 1901, when he went to Goodell, Hancock county, Iowa, which was his home until December, 1909, when he sold out there and came to Snohomish county, Washington. While looking for a location he lived at Everett about six months, and in the following year he bought forty-seven and a half acres where he now lives. At that time there was no road nearer his land than the Woods Creek road and it was seven years before a county road was built through his locality. The land had been logged off and about three-quarters of an acre was partly cleared, the remainder being covered with brush and logs. He now has about twenty-five acres under the plow and has made many permanent and substantial improvements including a comfortable and well arranged house, good barns and other necessary farm buildings. He had originally planned to develop a dairy farm but is now devoting his attention to berries and chickens. He keeps from seven to nine good cows and a registered Holstein bull, for which he raises plenty of feed and roughage. He also has a nice orchard and makes an excellent quality of cider. He has been indomitable in his efforts to make a success in his undertakings, and has had the pleasure of seeing prosperity crown his efforts. On November 29, 1888, in Nebraska, Mr. Knott was united in marriage to Miss Ida Lupton, a native of Ohio and a daughter of J. R. and Martha (McKee) Lupton, both of whom were born 402 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in that state, where the McKee family were pioneers. To Mr. and Mrs. Knott have been born the following children : Ralph L., who lives in South Dakota, is married and has two children. Joseph C., a member of the faculty of the State Agricultural College at Pullman, Washington, being superintendent of the official testing in the dairy department, is married. Mabel Lettie is the wife of W. H. Wiquett, of Tacoma, and they have six children. Dorothy Jane is teaching school at Raymond, Washington. Ralph was born in Nebraska and the other children in Tipton, Iowa. Mr. Knott is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he and his wife are members of the Grange at Monroe. He has maintained a deep interest in educational affairs, having been for several years a member of the school board in district No. 40, and for five years was a member of the Union high school board, serving as president much of the time. While living in Iowa he served as township trustee and road supervisor. He has shown himself to be a man of alert mentality, well defined opinions and progressive in his tendencies, cooperating with his fellowmen in all measures for the advancement of the community and today is recognized as one of the representative men of the county. DANIEL E. SMITH The estimation in which a man is held by his fellow citizens is a fair gauge of that man's life, for those who see him at his work, hear his expressed views, observe the operation of his code of conduct in all the relations of life, are competent to judge of his real character. Daniel E. Smith has long held a high place in the regard of his fellow citizens and is therefore deserving of mention in this work among the representative men of Snohomish county. D. E. Smith was born in North Carolina, in 1879, and is a son of R. H. and Evelyn Smith, also natives of that state, where both died. The father was a farmer and trader by occupation and served as a soldier in the Confederate army during the Civil war. Daniel E. Smith was reared on his father's farm and received his education in the public schools of the neighborhood. He remained at home until 1903, when he came to Snohomish county, buying eighty acres of land near his present farm. After clearing about fourteen acres of that place, he sold it and in 1921 bought sixty-four acres, comprising his present property, on which he has carried on dairy farming with splendid success, keeping fifteen good grade cows and a registered Holstein bull, his purpose being to gradually increase the size of his herd. In March, 1926, Mr. Smith shipped fourteen thousand pounds of milk. He has made good improvements on the land, putting in many rods of tile for drainage, besides some open ditching, and has cleared much of the land which is now under cultivation. He raises fine crops of grain and hay, selling some of the latter. On July 3, 1907, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Helen Swane, a native of Nebraska and a daughter of R. C. and Liza (Hunter) Swane. Her parents came to Snohomish county in 1893, locating near Juanita, where the father died in 1916, and the mother is now living at Monroe. Mr. and Mrs. Smith became parents of two children, George and Colman. The former died in September, 1926, at the age of eighteen years, his death resulting from an accident sustained while riding a motorcycle. Mr. Smith is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and sustains fraternal relations with the Grange. He has been actively interested in local public affairs and at one time served on the school board of Fern Bluff. His son George was a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. Mr. Smith has consistently supported all local movements for the advancement of the general welfare and has been true and loyal in every relation of life, his record having been such as to earn for him the unreserved confidence and esteem of the entire community in which he lives. HALVOR THORSEN An honorable retirement from active labor in which to enjoy the fruits of former toil and the enjoyment which life can offer is the fitting reward of an active and useful career, as is the case with Halvor Thorsen, one of the successful farmers and enterprising citizens of Snohomish county and who is now quietly living on his splendid farm east of Silvana. Mr. Thorsen is a native son of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 3d of February, 1859, and is a son of Thore and Ingvid (Oleson) Gunderson, the former of whom died in his native land in about 1892, while the mother died in Washington in 1899. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Ole, who died in San Francisco, California; Ane, who HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 403 also died in San Francisco ; Gunder, who died in Norway ; Halvor, Martin, mentioned elsewhere in this work ; Olina, deceased ; and Maret, who lives in Norway. Halvor Thorsen received his education in the public schools of his native country and at the age of sixteen years was confirmed in the Lutheran church. On leaving school at the age of ten years, he went to work on a farm, and thus labored for ten years. He then turned his attention to the fishing business and railroad work, which occupied him until 1885, in which year he came to the United States. He first located in Michigan, where for fourteen months he was employed in the iron mines at Ishpeming. He then went to Leadville, Colorado, where he worked in the silver mines for one and a half years, at the end of which time he went to California, and soon afterwards took ship to Alaska for a sight-seeing trip. On his return he stopped at Seattle, Washington, where he worked during the ensuing summer. In the same year he came to Stanwood and bought a preemption claim on the Stillaguamish river, about two miles northeast of Silvana. It was covered with brush and timber and no road touched his land, so that his early efforts were at a disadvantage. He bought a scowload of lumber at Utsalady and carried it from the river to his place on his back. After building a small house, he began clearing the land and in the course of time cleared about forty acres, making also other improvements on the place. He lived there until 1918, raising good crops and meeting with very satisfactory success, so that he was then able to sell that place and, buying eighty acres of land a half mile east of Silvana, is now living thereon, practically retired from active labor. In 1890 Mr. Thorsen was married to Miss Hannah Green, who was born in Norway in 1875, the daughter of Jonas Green, a farmer. Mrs. Thorsen came to the United States when a child and received her education in the public schools of Michigan. To Mr. and Mrs. Thorsen were born six children, as follows : Emma, who was a nurse during the World war and died in camp ; Carl, who married and has two children, Emma an0 Caroline ; Peter ; Mrs. Mattie Bevery ; Agnes, who is a science teacher and lives at San Diego, California ; and Homer. Mr. Thorsen is a member of Silvana Lodge No. 34, Sons of Norway. He has been active in his advocacy of good schools and improved roads and served three terms as a member of the school board. He is a gentleman of genial and friendly manner, sterling integrity and able judgment and throughout the community where he lives he commands the respect of his fellow citizens. WILLIAM S. KNUTSON Among the younger generation of successful farmers of Snohomish county stands William S. Knutson, who is a representative of one of the worthy old families of this county, where it was established in 1882. He has spent his life here and is ably carrying on the work inaugurated and so successfully carried on by his father. He is thorough and up-to-date in his methods and has earned the respect of all who know him. Mr. Knutson was born on the homestead near Silvana on the 19th of August, 1895, and is a son of Rasmus and Laura (Rorstad) Knutson, both of whom were natives of Norway. The father came to the United States in 1877 and the mother in 1881. She lived one year in Minnesota and then, in 1882, came to Silvana, where, on October 14, 1883, she was married to Mr. Knutson, the ceremony being performed at the home of H. P. Leque by Rev. C. Jorgenson. Mr. Knutson devoted his attention to farming during his residence here and acquired a valuable farm, which he improved and brought to a high state of cultivation, living thereon until his death, which occurred in October, 1915. He is survived by his widow. In 1908 the father bought one hundred acres of land one mile southeast of Silvana and in the clearing of the timber, brush and stumps which incumbered it a vast amount of labor was involved. He built a house, which he later remodeled and enlarged, and in May, 1915, built a fine modern residence on the hill overlooking the beautiful Stillaguamish valley, into which he moved a short time prior to his death. His widow spends part of her time in Seattle and a part at her attractive summer home on the ranch. All of the nine children born to this worthy couple are still living. William S.. Knutson attended the public schools of Silvana and completed his education at Parkland College, Washington. He then returned home and assisted his father in the operation of the farm until the 'World war, when he enlisted in the United States marines, in which he served about a year. He was overseas three months, his twin brother, Louis R., being in the same company with him. They returned home and received honorable discharges in December, 1919. In 1925 the two brothers leased the home ranch and are giving special attention to dairying, in which they are meeting with splendid success. They keep thirty-five 404 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY head of good cows and also own a registered Holstein bull. They raise fine crops of hay and oats and have part of the land in pasture, about ninety acres of fine river bottom land being cultivated. Mr. Knutson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and belongs to Silvana Lodge, Sons of Norway. On November 26, 1924, Mr. Knutson was united in marriage to Miss Hannah Langsjoen, who was born in Silvana, a daughter of John and Johanna (Knutson) Langsjoen, both of whom were natives of Norway, from which country the father came to the United States in 1887. Mr. Knutson possesses to a marked degree those personal qualities which commend a man to the favor of his fellowmen and he enjoys a large circle of warm and loyal friends throughout the community. OTTO DAHL Among the earnest and enterprising men whose depth of character has gained him a prominent place in the community and the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens is Otto Dahl, a farmer and dairyman living in the vicinity of Stanwood. A man of decided views and laudable ambitions, his influence has ever made for the advancement of his community. Mr. Dahl is a native son of Norway, in which country he first saw the light of day September 19, 1863, his parents being Jorgen and Eli (Bjordal) Dahl, the former of whom was a farmer by vocation. They were also natives of Norway, where they continued to live until called to the world beyond. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom the following are living : Petrina, Breit, Eli, Ane, Gina, Jorgen and Otto. The last named is indebted to the public schools of his native land for his educational training and he remained on the home farm, assisting his father, until 1890, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and for four years was variously employed in that state, working in the lumber woods during the winters. In 1894 he went to Winnebago county, Iowa, where he worked on farms until 1904, though he made a trip back to Minnesota, remaining there two years. In 1903 he and a friend, Harry Olsen, bought thirty-two acres of land in Cedarhome district, near Stanwood, Washington, and on April 28 of the following year they came west and took possession of their property, dividing it between them. Mr. Dahl at once entered upon the task of clearing his portion, which was so densely covered with fallen timber that he could walk all over it without stepping foot on the ground. In the course of time, through his untiring and persistent efforts, he got the land all cleared and developed it into an excellent farm, the fertile soil being well cultivated, while all of the improvements made by him have been of a substantial character. He built a nice house in 1908 and in 1915 erected a well arranged and commodious barn, which, with the other buildings, have made of his place a valuable and attractive farm. Mr. Dahl devotes his land mainly to hay and pasture and keeps six good grade cows. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. During his residence here he has shown a fine public spirit, being deeply interested in the good roads movement and in the advancement of the educational system of the community, to both of which interests he has given his earnest support. BLAINE DAVIS A product of the west, Blaine Davis is thoroughly imbued with the qualities of energy and determination, which he brings to bear in the cultivation of the homestead developed by his father, who was one of the honored pioneers of Snohomish county. He was born in California in 1884, and his parents were Thomas A. and Mary Ann (Abraham) Davis, the latter a native of Wales. The father .was of Welsh descent but was born in Pennsylvania and was known as "Soldier Tommie." He was one of the valiant defenders of the Union cause and remained in the service during the greater part of the Civil war, participating in many notable battles. As a young man he entered the employ of the Bellingham Bay Coal Company and afterward went to California, where he engaged in mining for several years. About 1885 he returned to Washirgton and obtained a position in the Black Diamond mine, located, about thirty miles from Seattle. While engaged in that work he took up a tract of government land near the present homestead and was one of the first settlers in the district. The old Seattle road was only a trail and he swam across Lake Washington with his horses. While clearing the place he worked at times for the coal company and was killed in 1900 during an HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 405 explosion in the Black Diamond mine. His wife long survived him, passing away in 1919. To their union were born ten children : Mary, who died at the age of fourteen; William Reese, who is also deceased; Thomas ; David, deceased; Morgan; Trengen ; Evan; Blaine ; and Mrs. Rachel Robb, who has three children. The father was a broad-minded man of marked public spirit and rendered valuable service to the district, working earnestly and effectively to secure good highways. He was one of the builders of the donation road and filled the office of road supervisor for a number of years. He was endowed with many fine qualities, and his tragic death was deeply regretted. Blaine Davis was educated in Snohomish county and was a pupil in an old log school house, where at one time sixty-five children attended school. He worked on the homestead while his brothers were employed in the mines and soon became familiar with the details of agriculture. He has always followed the occupation of farming and with the assistance of his brother Thomas is operating the ranch. They have about thirty acres under cultivation and the balance of the land is used for pasture. They keep cattle and hogs and are now growing grapes and berries. They are constantly making improvements to the place and have demonstrated the effectiveness of system in promoting productiveness. All of the sons have remained bachelors with the exception of Morgan, who has one child, Thomas. They are honest, industrious and enterprising, and the family is highly respected in this locality and the surrounding district. NEW ENGLAND MANUFACTURING COMPANY One of the most prosperous and substantial industrial concerns of Everett is the New England Manufacturing Company, which has been in operation here about ten years and has had a splendid business record, its volume of business increasing steadily through the years, while the plant has been maintained at the highest possible standard of efficiency. The New England Manufacturing Company was established in 1916 by a group of men of whom D. B. and H. L. Gary were the prime movers and largest stockholders. H. L. Gary was chosen president of the company and D. B. Gary secretary and treasurer. The mill makes a specialty of shingles and clapboards, both of which are made by improved machinery. From thirty-five to forty men are employed and the mill has a capacity of one hundred and seventy thousand shingles each eight-hour shift. D. B. Gary was born in Elkhart county, Indiana, on the 11th day of June, 1858, and is a son of Victor and Barbara (Brumbaugh) Gary, the latter of whom is deceased, while the father is still living, at the advanced age of ninety-seven years. D. B. Gary received his education in the public schools and his first employment was as a drug clerk. Some time later he turned his attention to railroading, at which line of work he was employed for eight years, and then for about fifteen years he worked at the barber trade. Coming to Everett in 1901, he established himself in the laundry business, in which he was successful and which he operated for fifteen years, when he became interested in the establishment of the New England Manufacturing Company, to which he has since devoted his energies and attention. In 1882 Mr. Gary was united in marriage to Miss Henrietta Konanz, who was born and reared in Indiana, and to them were born two children, namely : H. L., who is interested with his father in the mill business, and Hattie B., who is the wife of F. L. Hild, a farmer of this county. Politically, Mr. Gary has always given his support to the republican party and has taken a public-spirited interest in everything pertaining to the civic welfare or commercial prosperity of his city and county. He is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America. H. L. Gary was born in Indiana on the 16th of March, 1883. He received his elementary education in the public schools and completed his studies in Valparaiso University, at Valparaiso, Indiana. In 1901 he accompanied the family on their removal to Everett and was employed as a bookkeeper until 1916, when he joined his father and others in the organization of the New England Manufacturing Company, of which he is president and manager. He has given his entire time and energies to the advancement of the company's interests and has been a potent factor in its remarkably successful career. In 1909 Mr. Gary was • married to Miss Euphemia Densmore, who is a native of Wisconsin, and to them have been born four children: Lucy Merle, Victor, H. L., Jr., and Gibbert. He has always supported the republican party and has kept in close touch with the great issues of the clay. Fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Concatenated Order of Hoo-Hoos, and he also belongs to the Everett Kiwanis Club. He 406 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY is a gentleman of candid and straightforward manner, easily approachable and works hand-in-hand with his fellow citizens in all movements for the advancement of the community along material, civic or moral lines. He enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout his section of the county and is held in high esteem. MARTIN THORSEN Among the representative agriculturists of northwestern Snohomish county stands Martin Thorsen, who has led an active and useful life, in which he has not only attained a gratifying measure of success, but has also been active in advancing the interests of the community in which he lives. A man of marked influence in local affairs, he has long enjoyed the respect and confidence of the entire community. Mr. Thorsen was born in Norway on the 29th of January, 1861, and is the son of Thore and Ingvid (Oleson) Gunderson, also natives of that country, where the father's death occurred about 1892. The mother came to the United States and her death occurred in Washington in 1899. Martin Thorsen attended the public schools of his homeland and at the age of sixteen years was confirmed in the Lutheran church. He then went to work on railroads and followed that occupation until October, 1879, when he came to the United States. He first located in Quincy, Houghton, county, Michigan, where he was employed in the copper mines until the spring of 1880, when he went to Ishpeming, Michigan, and worked in the iron mines about a year. In the spring of 1881 he went to San Francisco, California, and learned the trade of a stationary engineer, at which he was employed for seventeen years in that city. In April, 1899, Mr. Thorsen came to Silvana, Washington, and began to clear forty acres of land, located on the Pilchuck river, two and a half miles northeast of Silvana, which he had bought several years previously. About two acres of the land had been cleared, but there were no other improvements and no roads to his place. He built a good log house and a barn and by close application and persistent effort, has cleared and cultivated twenty-five acres. In 1915 he built a new barn and in 1916 erected a silo. He keeps eleven good grade Guernsey and Ayrshire cows and has a pure bred Guernsey bull. Hay and corn are his principal crops and the soil is rich and productive. In the fall of 1883 Mr. Thorsen was united in marriage to Miss Olena Leinan, who was born in Norway and who died in 1900. They had one daughter, Mrs. Edna Larsen, born in San Francisco, and now lives in Tacoma, Washington and is the mother of two children, Melvin and Elverna. In 1904 Mr. Thorsen was married to Miss Ane Petersen, who was born in Wisconsin, the daughter of Add and Isabelle (Nelson) Petersen, the former a native of Norway and the latter of Wisconsin. To this union have been born three children: Isabel, who was born at Pilchuck and graduated from the Arlington high school and is now attending a business college in Everett ; Adeline, who is a student in the Arlington high school ; and Dorothy, who is in grammar school. Mr. Thorsen belongs to Silvana Lodge No. 34, Sons of Norway. He is a member of the Farm Loan Association of Arlington and is a director of the Silvana Trading Union. He has taken a commendable interest in educational affairs and served several years as a member of the school board of Lower Pilchuck. A man of candid and straightforward manner, possessing well defined opinions and stanch in his integrity, he has during the years of his residence here enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen. SWAN JOHNSON Among the natives of Sweden who have cast their lot with the people of Snohomish county and have here gained comfortable homes and a respected position in the community stands Swan Johnson, of the Monroe district. He was born in Sweden in 1868 and is a son of Jonas and Engried Jonsson, both of whom spent their lives in Sweden, the mother dying in 1893 and the father in 1922. The father was a farmer and Swan Johnson was reared as is the average farmer boy of that country. He secured his education in the public schools and served two years in the national army. He then went to work on neighboring farms, spending three years with one man, and afterward learned the carpenter trade, at which he worked a number of years. As the result of his industry and economy he was able to buy a piece of land, on which he built a house. In 1910 Mr. Johnson came to the United States and made his way at once to Monroe, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 407 where lived a brother, Pete Johnson, who had arrived here in 1892. After reaching his destination Swan Johnson worked part of the time in Wagner & Wilson's mill and part of the time at section work on the railroad. In 1916 he bought twenty acres of land near Monroe, on which he built a house, and as opportunity offered, he devoted his attention to clearing the land, which was densely covered with timber and brush. He now has about four acres cleared and maintains a good vegetable garden, keeps three cows and has started into the chicken business, having now about a thousand chickens. He is favorably situated for this business and will undoubtedly make a distinct success of it. Idleness is entirely foreign to his nature and he has, by his determined efforts, gradually forged ahead, well earning the success which is crowning his efforts. In 1900, in Sweden, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Maria Olson, the daughter of Olavus Anderson, and to them have been born two children : Mrs. Ruth Olson, of Seattle, who is the mother of a son, Robert, who lives with Mr. and Mrs. Johnson; and Lennen E., at home. Mr. Johnson has seen a marked change in local conditions since he came here sixteen years ago. At that time the only highway to his place was a mere trail and he has done his share in improving the locality. He iss-a supporter of good roads and better schools and stands for progress and improvement along all lines. He is a member of the Swedish lodge, Vasa, at Monroe, and enjoys marked popularity among those with whom he comes into contact. GEORGE LATTA Among the oldest citizens of the vicinity of Marysville is George Latta, who for nearly twenty-five years has been a resident of that locality, where he commands the respect and veneration of all who know him. He was born in Perry county, Ohio, on-the 27th of August, 1846, and is a son of Isaac B. and Nancy (Welsh) Latta. The father also was a native of Ohio and was a son of George Latta, one of the pioneers of that state, where the several generations of the family engaged in farming. Mr. Latta of this review attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and in 1864, at the age of eighteen years, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Sixtieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which lie served until the close of the Civil war. In 1866 he went to Bourbon county, Kansas, where he bought land and engaged in farming until 1902, when he sold his interests there and, coming to Snohomish county, bought eighteen and a quarter acres of land north of Marysville. The land had been logged off but was covered with stumps and brush, which Mr. Latta cleared off and developed the place into a good farm. Here he does general farming and keeps a flock of poultry, which afford him a nice income, so that he is able to spend his later years in comparative ease and enjoyment. On June 2, 1885, Mr. Latta was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Armstrong, who was born in Kansas. Her parents, George and Elizabeth (Stacy) Armstrong, were natives respectively of Illinois and Indiana, and became pioneer settlers of Kansas, where they spent their last days. To Mr. and Mrs. Latta have been born the following children: Christine is at home. Viola is the wife of Fred Hovik, who operates a farm near the home place, and they have a daughter, Maxine. Grace is the wife of Wesley Gallagher, who operates the home place, and they have four children, Betty, Daryl, Dorothy May and Nancy. May is the wife of Harvey Kirsch, of Everett, and they have a daughter, Arliss. Beulah is the wife of David Holmes, of Marysville, and is the mother of three children, Charles, Dale and William. Lester, who lives in Marysville and drives a truck, married Miss Lulu Carroll and they have a daughter, Doris. Oletha lives in Everett. Politically, Mr. Latta has always given his support to the republican party, though at local elections he is inclined to be independent of party lines, voting for the men whom he considers best fitted for the offices they seek. His has been a long and honorable career and he has honestly made every dollar which he possesses and has so lived as to earn the sincere respect of all who know him. KNUTE VOGNILD Knute Vognild, an enterprising and successful young agriculturist of Snohomish county, owner of an excellent farm situated one mile north of Silvana, was born in Norway on the 10th of August, 1891, his parents being Erik and Carrie Vognild, who were also natives of that country. The father emigrated to the United States with his family in 1893 and soon 408 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY after his arrival in this county purchased eighty acres of school land lying one mile north of Silvana. He began clearing the tract of the woods and brush which covered it and cut down both cedar and fir trees. He lived in a small frame house that stood on the place for a number of years or until 1908, when he erected a more attractive and comfortable residence, while subsequently he built a substantial barn. Erik Vognild continued on his farm in the vicinity of Silvana throughout the remainder of his life, passing away on the 6th of October, 1919. To him and his wife, who died September 10, 1918, were born six children, as follows: Erik, Ole and Olaf, all of whom are deceased; John; Olaf, who is deceased; and Knute, of this review. The last named attended the public school near Norman in the acquirement of an education. After putting aside his textbooks he assisted his father in the operation of the home farm and also worked on the county roads. In 1916, when a young man of twenty-five years, he purchased a forty-acre tract of land adjoining the home place on the east. He slashed the greater part of this and is now utilizing the place as pasture for cattle. Mr. Vognild keeps twelve good cows, a pure bred Jersey bull and four heifers and also has two fine horses. Large crops of hay annually reward his labors. On the 2d of October, 1917, Mr. Vognild was married to Miss Hannah Liebo, a native of Norway and a daughter of Sivert and Maret Liebo, who were also born in that country and still reside there. The seven children of the Liebo family are as follows: Mrs. Hannah Vognild, Oleana, Olaf, Knute, Martinus, Sigurd and Breit. The first named is the only one of the family who has come to the United States, arriving in this country in 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Vognild are the parents of a daughter, Elsie Carrie Selma Mary, whose natal day was June 3, 1919. Mr. Vognild is identified with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, belonging to Snohomish Aerie, No. 195, and with the Loyal Order of Moose, being a member of Arlington Lodge No. 1217. He is an enthusiastic supporter of the good roads movement as well as of the cause of education and is widely known as one of the progressive and prosperous young citizens of the community in wh:ch practically his entire life has been spent. ALLEN C. BROWN, M. D. Dr. Allen C. Brown, physician and surgeon, is practicing in Stanwood and brings to the discharge of his professional duties the knowledge and skill which result from years of experience and study. A son of James R. and Margaret (Wade) Brown, he was born March 1, 1864, and is a native of Boles, Missouri. He was reared on his father's farm and supplemented his public school education by attendance at the Missouri Medical College in St. Louis, from which he was graduated in March, 1895. He was an interne at St. John's Hospital and began his professional career at Moselle, Missouri, where he resided for several years. He had a large list of patients and was also local surgeon for the Frisco system. In October, 1912, Dr. Brown opened an office in Stanwood, and in the intervening period to the present he has established a large practice. He employs the most effective remedial agents and has a kindly, sympathetic nature, which is one of the physician's chief assets in the sick room. On August 7, 1889, Dr. Brown was married, in Missouri, to Miss Rebecca M. Moore, with whom he became acquainted when she was a young girl. She was born in Pennsylvania and attended Bucknell University, that state. On February 16, 1921, her life was brought to a close. She had become the mother of three children. Anne Baker, the eldest, was born October 18, 1894, and completed a course in the State Normal College at Bellingham, Washington. She was graduated from the University of California in 1915 and became a successful educator. She was an instructor in the high school at Monroe, Washington, later teaching in the Sultan high school, and a most promising career was abruptly terminated by her demise on August 13, 1921. Her sister, Ruth, was born September 24, 1897, and was graduated from the Stanwood high school. She afterward attended the University of Washington, and in 1922 won the A.B. degree from the University of California. She taught for two years in the high school at Sedro Woolley, Washington, and in 1924 became the wife of Ray E. Byler, also a graduate of the University of California. He is a mining engineer, and they are at present residing in Fresnillo, Mexico. On June 27, 1926, Mr. and Mrs. Byler became the parents of a daughter, Anne B. Seaburn, the youngest member of the family, was born October 27, 1899, and after his graduation from the Stanwood high school attended the State Universities of Washington and California, specializing in journalism. His first position was with the Stanwood News and later he was a reporter on the Seattle Star and the Cleveland Press. He is now assistant city editor of the Post-Inquirer of Oakland, DR. ALLEN C. BROWN HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 411 California, and one of the leading newspaper men of that city. On September 22, 1925, he married Miss Janine Genty, who was graduated from a university in France and was an exchange student for work in foreign schools. She received the A. B. degree from the University of Michigan, and the University of California conferred upon her the degrees of M. A. and Ph.D. She is a young woman of exceptional intellectual attainments and previous to her marriage was teacher of languages at Mills College. On March 1, 1922, Dr. Brown married Miss Margaret Wagenhurst, a first cousin of his first wife and a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She lived in the Quaker city until her marriage and supplemented her public school education by a normal course. Mrs. Brown holds a life certificate as a teacher and has been an instructor in the public schools of Philadelphia. She afterward chose the profession of nursing, completing a course in the Pennsylvania Hospital of Philadelphia, the oldest hospital in the United States, and one of her patients was Helen Taft, a daughter of ex-President William H. Taft. She is now and has for three years been a teacher of languages at the University of California. Dr. Brown is an adherent of the democratic party but has neither sought nor held political office. He is a Knight Templar Mason and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Knights of Pythias. He served for two years as vice president of the Snohomish County Medical Society and is also identified with the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He keeps in close touch with the latest discoveries in the fields of medical and surgical science and is highly esteemed by his professional colleagues and the general public as well. ANDREW CARLSON Andrew Carlson, a retired horticulturist of Florence, is a well known and highly esteemed citizen of Snohomish county who has resided within its borders during the past thirty-seven years. His birth occurred in Sweden on the 20th of August, 1847, his parents being Carl Erlson and Charlotte Munson, who were also natives of that country. The father passed away in Sweden, while the mother departed this life in the state of New Jersey at the advanced age of ninety-five years. Their family numbered five children, as follows : Andrew, of this review ; Peter, who resides in the vicinity of Florence, Washington ; Sena, living in Sweden; Hannah, who makes her home in New Jersey ; and Marie, also a resident of New Jersey. Andrew Carlson received his education in the public schools of his native land and was a young man of twenty-five years when in 1872 he emigrated to the United States, settling first in Wisconsin. A carpenter by trade, he was thus employed by others for a number of years and also owned a farm in the Badger state, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits for two years prior to disposing of his property in 1889. That year witnessed his arrival in Stanwood, Washington, where he again worked as a carpenter until 1894, when he began clearing the stumps and trees from a five-acre tract of land which he had purchased at Florence. In 1905 he erected an attractive residence thereon. Mr. Carlson set out a fine orchard and during the past three decades has been developing various kinds o f nut and fruit trees, devoting particular attention to the growing of filberts, walnuts and cherries. He does all of his own budding and grafting and has become widely recognized as an expert along this line. He believes that there is a great future in nut growing in the Puget Sound country. Always keenly interested in horticulture, Mr. Carlson began planting an orchard more than thirty years ago, and already at that early date he became convinced that the rich alluvial soil of the lower Stillaguamish river bottoms was adapted to the growing of nuts. The correctness of his judgment has been demonstrated in the excellent success which has attended his undertakings in this connection. Mr. Carlson belongs to the United Workmen of America and has long enjoyed an enviable reputation as one of the prosperous, representative and highly respected citizens of his community. In 1876 Mr. Carlson was united in marriage to Miss Clemence Tardiff, who was born near Montreal, Canada, her parents being Nicholas and Louise (Colombe) Tardiff, also natives of Canada, the latter coming of French lineage. Nicholas Tardiff crossed the border into the United States in 1865, settling at Jordan, Wisconsin, where he was employed as a millwright in sawmills. He died in the year 1882 and for a decade was survived by his wife, who passed away in 1892. They were the parents of nine children, four of whom are yet living, namely : John, who is a resident of Oregon ; Mrs. Clemence Carlson ; Mrs. Peter Carlson ; and George, who makes his home at Stevens Point, Portage county, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Carlson are the parents of two sons and two daughters, recorded 412 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY below. (1) Mrs. Elizabeth Satrum resides at Florence and has a daughter, Esther, who was born on the 6th of March, 1907, and completed a high school course in 1925. (2) Conrad, whose birth occurred in Wisconsin on the 5th of October, 1884, and who lives at Florence, Washington, has one daughter, Laurine, born March 4, 1913. (3) Joseph, who was born in Wisconsin on the 12th of April, 1887, lives with his parents and assists in the care of the home place. He also leases a tract of land nearby and conducts a successful dairy, owning a number of cows. (4) Mrs. Mabel Dilley is the mother of five children, namely : Elizabeth, who was born June 25, 1910, and is attending high school ; Darrol, whose natal day was July 25, 1912 ; John, born June 6, 1914 ; Ruth, born November 28, 1917; and Harold, born November 18, 1922. JOHN B. ANDERSON One of the sons of Sweden who has in a measure realized his hopes since coming to the United States is John B. Anderson, whose well improved farm lies in the vicinity of Monroe. His career has been marked by hard and persistent labor, but his efforts have been rewarded, and today he is very comfortably situated and has attained a position of independence and influence in his community. Mr. Anderson was born in Sweden, April 8, 1877, and is a son of Anders B. and Caroline (Benson) Swanson, both of whom were natives of that country and died there. The father, who was a farmer by vocation, had come to the United States some years before our subject was born but had returned to Sweden, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1882. John B. Anderson attended the schools of his native land and remained there until 1898, when he came to the United States, his twenty-first birthday occurring while he was on the sea. He first located at Worcester, Massachusetts, where he obtained work on a farm, remaining there four years, and then, in 1901, he went to Seattle, Washington, where for about fifteen years he was employed as a clerk in Frederick & Nelson's store. In 1904 Mr. Anderson went to Alaska, with the intention of mining, but he went to work instead and was thus employed during his entire stay there. In 1917 he bought forty acres of land where he now lives and of which about one acre was partly cleared. Though the stumps had not been removed from the land, an orchard had been planted, and a new road had just been completed to his locality. He now has about fourteen acres cleared, the remainder of the land being burned and slashed and being practically all in pasture. He has made many splendid improvements on the place, and Lake View farm, as it is called, is now numbered among the desirable farms of the locality. Mr. Anderson started in as a dairy farmer, in which occupation he has been successful, keeping seven or eight head of good grade Holstein and Guernsey cattle, but of late he has been giving considerable attention to berries, specializing in strawberries, and he also has a nice orchard. On April 26, 1909, in Seattle, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Tyra G. Hokanson, who was born in Sweden, a daughter of Hokan and Ingred (Erickson) Manganson. Her mother still lives in Sweden but her father, who was for many years a railroadman, is deceased. Mrs. Anderson came to the United States alone when about sixteen years old, going to a married sister in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where she remained until coming to Seattle, except for a short visit back to her homeland. Mr. Anderson is a member of Seattle Lodge, No. 221, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and to West Coast Chapter, Svithiod, a Swedish lodge, at Seattle. His religious affiliation is with the Mission church at Monroe, to which he gives liberal support. By his individual efforts he has worked his way up from a modest beginning to his present prosperous condition and the honorable methods which he has followed have gained for him the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens. GEORGE J. MUTH Among the men who have, through their persistent and well directed efforts, created good farms and comfortable homes in Snohomish county, stands George J. Muth, one of the successful dairy farmers in the vicinity of Sultan. He has not only gained material prosperity but has also won what is more important, the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. Mr. Muth was born in Lewis county, New York, in 1877, and is a son of Nicholas and Catherine (Bush) Muth, the former a native of Lorraine, Germany, and the latter of New HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 413 York state. The father came to the United States in 1860, locating in New York state, where he was married and where he devoted himself to agricultural operations. Both parents died in that state. George J. Muth was reared to the life of a farmer and remained in his native state until 1900, securing a good, practical education in the public schools. In 1900 he went to Michigan, where he spent two years in the woods, and in 1902 went to Seattle, Washington, where he remained a few weeks. He then came to Snohomish county and went to work for the Superior Mill Company, across the Skyhomish river. He was employed in cutting shingle bolts during the greater part of the time, being also in the mill occasionally, and he remained with that concern six years. In 1906 Mr. Muth had bought his present place, comprising eighty acres of land, and in 1908 located on the place and began clearing the land, from which nothing but the cedar timber had been removed. During his early years here he still worked for the mills at intervals in order to earn money for current expenses, but he has not been in the woods since 1910. He now has about fifteen acres cleared and under the plow and about the same area in pasture. He is devoting himself principally to dairy farming, for which purpose he keeps thirteen good cows and a registered Holstein bull. He raises his own feed and also has a half acre in evergreen blackberries. He has a good set of farm buildings, all of the improvements on the place indicating him to be a man of good judgment and discrimination. In 1903 Mr. Muth was united in marriage to Miss Emily Klatt, who is a native of Wisconsin, and a daughter of Samuel and Josephine (Murray) Klatt, the former of whom is deceased. The mother, who was born in Wisconsin of French parentage, is now making her home with her daughter, Mrs. Muth. Mr. and Mrs. Klatt came to Washington in 1889 and took up a homestead near Happy valley. To Mr. and Mrs. Muth have been born six children, namely : Irene, who died when six months old ; Lorena, who is attending the State Normal School at Bellingham; Josephine, who died in 1920 ; Burleigh, Lillian and Louis, who are in school. Mr. Muth is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is a champion of good educational facilities and served a number of years as a member of the school board of Fern Bluff district, No. 20. He is a man of quiet and unassuming manner, though possessing a strong personality, and throughout the range of his acquaintance is held in high regard. BENEDICT A. BARKER For nearly forty years the honored and venerable pioneer and substantial farmer whose name appears above has been a resident of Snohomish county and has hem a prominent factor in its material progress, playing well his part in the advancement of its upbuilding. Benedict A. Barker was born in the southern part of Aroostook county, Maine, January 14, 1850, and is a son of D. J. and Rosanna (Murphy) Barker, both of whom also were naives of that state, and are now deceased. The father followed Wacksmithing for many years. Benedict A. Barker had only limited educational advantages, the most useful part of it having been his last three months in school, to which he was compelled to walk three miles. For a number of years prior to coming west he devoted his efforts principally to logging in the woods of Maine. In 1873 he went to Minnesota, where he followed the same line of work during the winter months while farming in summer and also running a camp for awhile. He remained in that state until 1888, and then came to Snohomish county on an inspection trip, looking for a location. This section of the state suited him and, returning to Minnesota, he brought his family here. During his first winter he drove a logging team for Blackman Brothers and in 1889 bought one hundred and thirty-seven acres of land, comprising his present place, of which he still retains one hundred and twenty acres. At that time the land was heavily covered with spruce and cedar timber and he spent practically his entire time in clearing the land and getting it under cultivation. A road had been located to his land but was in poor shape, and he devoted considerable time and labor to its improvement. Occasionally, in order to earn ready money for current expenses, he operated his hay baler throughout the community. He now has his land practically all cleared and in excellent shape. His early market products were potatoes, eggs and butter, but he is now giving his main attention to potatoes and dairying, in both of which lines he is meeting with very gratifying success. He keeps thirty Guernsey milk cows and a registered bull, and his well cultivated fields produce abundant crops of grain and roughage. In 1875 Mr. Barker was married to Miss Lily Plaisted, also a native of Maine and a daughter of George Washington and Mary (Dill) Plaisted, both of whom were natives of the old Pine Tree state. The mother died in 1888 and the father in 1923 at the advanced age of one 414 " HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY hundred and one years. To Mr. and Mrs. Barker have been born three children. Francis R., who operates a farm near the home place, is married and has five children. Dan J., who now rents his father's place, married Miss Otillie Peter and they have three children. Pearl is the wife of Harry Norman of Seattle. Mr. Barker is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, the Milk Shippers Association of Seattle, and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association, being one of the earliest members of each of these organizations. He served in early days as road supervisor and for many years as school director, being now chairman of the board in the Short district. He has for many years been a member of Snohomish Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. A man of upright character and honest motives, he has long held a high place in the esteem of his fellowmen, who fully appreciate his worth as a man and citizen. OLE DALE Ole Dale, actively engaged in dairy farming, is the owner of a forty-acre tract of land lying between Stanwood and Silvana. His birth occurred in Norway on the 11th of March, 1870, his parents being Ole and Gertrude Dale, who were also natives of that country. The father passed away at Silvana, Washington, while the mother died in the land of the midnight sun. Their family numbered five children, namely : Lars, Sina, Olena, Ole and Anna. All reside in Norway with the exception of Mr. Dale of this review. Ole Dale received a public school education in his native land and there learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked in Norway until his emigration to the United States in 1900, when a young man of thirty years. He made his way to Snohomish county, Washington, and after working for others for a period of three years purchased forty acres of land between Stanwood and Silvana. This was a tract of woods, stumps and cedar swamp and in the past quarter century he has cleared twenty-five acres of the place, the remainder being woods and pasture. Mr. Dale erected a commodious residence thereon and a few years later built a substantial barn. His farm annually yields large crops of hay, for he follows the most up-to-date and progressive methods in his work. He milks eight good grade cows and has membership in the Dairy Association. Aside from his agricultural interests, Mr. Dale runs the school bus, driving the children from their homes to the school at Norman and also back again. He not only enjoys an enviable reputation as a thrifty and prosperous farmer but also as an enterprising and progressive citizen whose efforts are being effectively exerted in behalf of good roads and improved educational facilities. In 1893, in Norway, Mr. Dale was united in marriage to Ingeborg Johnson, a native of that country and a daughter of John and Karen Johnson, who were also born in Norway and who emigrated to the United States in 1901. Here Mr. and Mrs. Johnson spent the remainder of their lives, the former devoting his attention to general agricultural pursuits. They were the parents of five children, as follows : Mrs. Ingeborg Dale, Mrs. Anna Anderson, John, Johanna and Carrie. To Mr. and Mrs. Dale have been born eight children, namely : Mrs. Gertrude Hammer-vold, who passed away leaving a daughter, Gudveig, who was born September 2, 1912 ; Olaf, who is married and has one daughter, born February 14, 1925; John, who is married and has six children—Orville, Lillian, John, Raymond, Clarence and Ruby ; Oswald, who is married and has a son, Glenn, whose birth occurred November 25, 1922 ; Inga ; Esther, who is a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and who is now engaged in the teaching profession at Norman; and two who died in infancy. THOMAS J. HUSBY Among the successful and enterprising business men of the thriving town of Silvana stands Thomas J. Husby, who owns and operates an up-to-date garage and is the authorized local dealer for Ford cars. He was born on the old Husby homestead, three miles southeast of Silvana, on the 3d of December. 1889, and is a son of Ole K. and Nettie (Tullockson) Husby, both of whom are natives of Norway. His father came to the United States in May, 1879, after having received a good education in the public schools of his native land. On coming to this country he located in Minnesota, where he entered the employ of Wyman & Smith, being put in charge of a lumber yard. He remained there until the spring of 1888, when he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and bought thirty acres of land about half way between HISTORY OF SNOHOMIS-H COUNTY 415 Arlington and Silvana. The land was densely covered with timber, but he at once went to work to clear and improve it. His first home there was a log cabin, twelve by twelve feet. He now has all the land cleared and has added sixty acres to it, also owning one hundred and sixty acres in eastern Washington. He cultivates about fifty acres of the land, the remainder being in woods and pasture. He built a good house in 1900, a commodious barn in 1915 and a silo in 1916. His principal crops are hay and potatoes, while he also raises sufficient corn for silo purposes. He keeps twenty good grade Guernsey cows and a registered sire. In 1883, at Minneapolis, Minnesota, he was married to Miss Nettie Tullockson, who was born in Norway, the daughter of Tullock and Grete Tonneson, both of whom were natives of Norway, where the mother's death occurred, the father dying in Wisconsin. They were the parents of four children. Mrs. Husby was brought to this country by her father in 1876, when nine years of age. To Ole K. and Nettie Husby were born eight children, namely : Gyda, Mabel, Knute, Thomas, Joseph, Olaf, Nina and Olive. Mr. Husby is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has always taken a keen interest in the welfare of his community, having served as road boss and as clerk of the school board of the Island school for several years. Thomas J. Husby received his education in the Island school and spent his early years on his father's farm. He also worked on the county roads with his father's team for several years and helped to build the streets of Arlington. In 1911 he was employed in J. M. Johnson's livery stable at Silvana and in the following year bought the stable, which he ran for about a year and then sold. In 1913 he built a garage, eighty by thirty feet in size, which he is still operating and which is well equipped in every respect for the expeditious handling of car repairs. He also has the local agency for Ford cars, in which he has been very successful. By close and careful attention to his business he has built up a large trade and is now one of the leading automobile men of this section of the county. In June, 1915, Mr. Husby was married to Miss Vera Nygard, who was born in San Francisco, California, a daughter of 0. J. and Lottie (Gering) Nygard, the former a native of Norway and the latter of Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Husby have a son, Howard, born June 23, 1916, and now in school. Mr. Husby is a member of Camp No. 45, Modern Woodmen of America, at Silvana, and of Silvana Lodge, Sons of Norway. He owns a nice, modern home in Silvana, as well as a number of valuable lots here. He is deeply interested in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of his community and enjoys to a marked degree the confidence of all with whom he has been brought into contact. RALPH W. PULLEN Ralph W. Pullen was long a dominant force in commercial circles of Granite Falls, directing his energies into many channels of activity, all of which proved of substantial benefit to the town. He has sown wisely and well and in the fullness of time has reaped the rich harvest of his labors. He was born June 25, 1878, in Wright county, Minnesota, and was but four years old when his parents, George and Lucille (Dobble) Pullen, migrated to Washington. They lived for a time in Montesano and then returned to Minnesota hut left the state at the end of eighteen months, establishing their home in Denver, Colorado. They next moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, and in 1886 again made the journey to Washington. They located in Montesano and there the mother spent the remainder of her life, passing away in 1894. The father removed to Ballard, Washington, in 1895 and later went to California, where his demise occurred. Ralph W. Pullen received a public school education and in 1904 embarked in the automobile business in Everett, Washington, handling the Reo, Mitchell, Pierce-Arrow and Cadillac machines. He was a pioneer in this field and sold the first Pierce-Arrow car in Snohomish county. He owned the first four-cylinder Cadillac machine and his wife was the first of her sex to drive a car in the county, being the first woman motorist in a parade held in Seattle. Mr. Pullen was connected with the automobile trade for five years and built up a large business. In 1905 he purchased a fruit farm in the Wenatchee valley in association with his brother and is still part owner of the ranch, which is one of the most valuable in the district. In 1910 he turned his attention to general merchandising, choosing Granite Falls as the scene of his activities, and was also successful in that venture. He opened a drug store in the town in 1916 and for six years was proprietor of the pharmacy, selling the business in the fall of 1922. He established a large trade and through the wise management of his varied interests accumulated a comfortable competence which enables him to live retired. In 1905 Mr. Pullen was united in marriage to Miss Anna Miller, of Granite Falls, and their hospitable home has been the scene of many enjoyable social gatherings. Mr. Pullen is 416 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY identified with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is allied with the republican party and has served on the town council. His public spirit has been demonstrated by actual achievements, and an exemplary character has won for him a high place in the esteem of his fellowmen. GEORGE ENSELMAN The Enselman family, living near Arlington, is one of the best and most favorably known families of that section of Snohomish county, and a worthy representative is George Enselman, who is now devoting himself to the operation of the old homestead farm. He is a man of progressive and up-to-date ideas, industrious and energetic, and is meeting with pronounced success as a farmer. Mr. Enselman was born on the farm where he now lives on the 13th of May, 1890, and is a son of John and Meta (Kackman) Enselman. The father was born in Germany in 1855 and came to the United States in young manhood. In 1882 he removed to Snohomish county and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres located two miles northwest of Arlington. The land was at that time densely covered with timber and he at once applied himself to the herculean task of clearing the land and getting it under cultivation. He built a small house of split cedar, in which lie established his home, and in the course of time developed a good and productive farm, the greater part of the tract consisting of good rich bottom land. Here he spent the remaining years of his life, his death occurring May 6, 1895. In 1889 John Enselman was married to Miss Meta Kackman, also a native of Germany, whence she emigrated to the United States in 1888. She lived in Minnesota about a year and then came to Arlington, Washington, where she met and married Mr. Enselman. To their union were born five children, namely : Charles, deceased ; George, the subject of this sketch; Joseph, who died April 3, 1924, leaving four children, Fred, Raymond, June and Hjalmar ; John, who is married and has a son, John, Jr.; and Mrs. Mary Ball, who is the mother of two children, Leslie and Donald. Since her husband's death Mrs. Enselman, in 1905, bought one hundred and sixty acres of land adjoining the homestead on the west, a part of which is cleared. A fine new house was built on this place in 1913 and there Mrs. Enselman is now living. George Enselman received a good public school education and has always lived on the home farm. As soon as he was old enough he relieved his mother of the burden of its management and has operated it ever since. He gives especial attention to dairy farming, keeping twenty-five head of good grade cattle, and also owns a registered bull. His principal field crop is hay, while enough Oats and barley are raised to fill the silo. Mr. Enselman is a man of sound discretion and wise discrimination, being up-to-date in his methods, and he is realizing a fine measure of success in his handling of the farm. Mr. Enselman was married September 12, 1921, to Miss Ada Bernice Clay, who is a native of Idaho and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. L. Clay, now living at Newcastle, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Enselman have been born two children: Mayo George, born September 1, 1922; and Maxine Bernice, born April 12, 1925. Mr. Enselman is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Arlington Grange, and is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is genial and friendly in his social relations, enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the county and is held in the highest measure of esteem by all who have come in contact with him. MARTIN NYSETHER Among the citizens of Snohomish county who are enjoying distinctive success in material affairs and have distinguished themselves by right and honorable living stands Martin Nysether, a dairy farmer residing near Silvana. He is one of the sons of Norway who have contributed in such large measure to the development of this county. He possesses the thrift, energy and sagacity so characteristic of the nation of which he is a worthy representative, and the high standing which he has attained among his fellowmen has been well merited. Mr. Nysether was born in Norway on the 7th of December, 1875, and is a son of Ole and Maret (Lien) Nysether, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country, the mother dying in 1875 and the father in 1880. The latter, who followed the occupation of farming, was twice HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 417 married, having four children by the first union, namely, Ingeborg, Peter, Iver and Martin, while to the second marriage was born a son, Sivert. Martin Nysether attended the public schools o f his home neighborhood, remaining in his native land until 1893, when he came to the United States. He first located in Wisconsin, where he lived for about five years, and in 1898 went to South Dakota, where he was employed on farms and at the carpenter's trade until 1903. In that year he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in Jerauld county, South Dakota, to the operation of which he devoted himself for two years. In 1905 he came to Silvana, Snohomish county, Washington, and with the exception of three years when he was doing ship carpenter work in Seattle he has lived in this locality continuously since. In 1907 Mr. Nysether bought forty acres of land two miles southwest of Silvana and at once proceeded to clear it of the timber and brush with which it was covered. He built a small house and has made other necessary improvements in the way of farm buildings. He has over half of the land cleared and tile drained, while the remainder of the land is partly cleared. He keeps seventeen good Guernsey cows, two of which are pure bred, and also has a pure bred bull, it being his purpose to eventually have none but full blooded stock. His fertile and well ' cultivated land produces fine crops of hay and oats, as well as peas for silo purposes. In 1912 he built a commodious barn and in 1919 erected a silo, having in many other ways shown an enterprising and progressive spirit in the operation of his farm. Mr. Nysether was married, June 27, 1912, to Miss Serine Sneve, a native of South Dakota. Her parents, Ole and Ingeborg (Moen) Sneve, came to the United States in 1875, locating first in La Crosse, Wisconsin, where they lived three years. In 1878 they went to Brookings county, South Dakota, where the father took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, to the operation of which he devoted himself until about 1902, when he removed to the town of Brookings and became a rural route mail carrier. In 1909 he came to Silvana, Washington, near which place he bought a farm, where he and his wife spent their remaining days, he dying in 1913 and his wife in 1918. They were the parents of six children, Severin, Olga, Serine, Elizabeth, Inga, deceased, and Hans. To Mr. and Mrs. Nysether have been born three children, namely : Orville, born March 31, 1913 ; Maurice, born July 26, 1919; and Eldon, born September 5, 1925. Mr. Nysether is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he and his wife are earnest members of the Free Lutheran Church at Silvana. He is a man of sound opinions on matters affecting the welfare of his community and stands stanchly for those things which contribute to the public good. Because of his business success and his friendly and cordial manner, he has won the esteem and respect of all who know him. EMIRIE L. BISHOP Among the strong and influential citizens of Snohomish county, the record of whose lives has become an essential part of the history of this section, is Emirie L. Bishop, who has exerted a beneficial influence throughout the community where he resides. His chief characteristics are keenness of perception, a tireless energy, honesty of purpose and motive and that judgment which is ordinarily called common sense, qualities which have enabled him not only to advance his own interests—but also to contribute in a very definite measure to the progress and prosperity of the section of the county in which he lives. Emirie L. Bishop is a native of Sherwood, Calumet county, Wisconsin, born in 1866, and is a son of W. R. and Caroline M. Bishop, the former a native of Ridgeborough, Vermont, and the latter of New Haven, Connecticut. He comes of sterling old American stock, eight generations of the family having lived in this country, while several members of the family were prominent in pre-Revolutionary days and one served as lieutenant-governor of Connecticut. His father was for many years engaged in the lumber business in Wisconsin, but later turned his attention to farming. He possessed considerable mechanical ability and was of an inventive turn of mind. He invented and patented the first stave machine, and the first staves made by the Standard Oil Company were the product of the machine invented by him. Emirie L. Bishop spent his boyhood days in Wisconsin, securing his education in the public schools. He then went into the lumber business in northern Wisconsin, which he carried on there about fifteen years. Subsequently he removed to Virginia, where he had acquired lumber experience, and remained there about a year, at the end of which time he returned to Wisconsin and resumed his lumber operations in the Badger state, being thus engaged for about five years. On February 1, 1909, he came to Everett, Washington, and engaged in shingle manufacturing, becoming interested in the Everett Lumber & Shingle Company, with which 418 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY he remained until recently, when he sold his interests in that concern. His career has been an active one, and in all his affairs he has shown sound and mature judgment, his operations having been uniformly successful. On January 28, 1898, Mr. Bishop was married to Miss Elvina Guesnier, who was born and reared at Green Bay, Wisconsin, the daughter of Alexander and Jennie (Wheelock) Guesnier. Her father, who was the son of a lawyer, was an expert accountant. Mrs. Bishop remained at home until completing her school training, when she took up bookkeeping, and was thus employed in the office of a lumber company when she met Mr. Bishop. Their union has been blessed with three children, namely : Dorothy L., who is a graduate of the University of Washington and is now teaching school in Bothell, King county, this state ; Vivian, who is also a graduate of the University of Washington and is now conducting a book store in Everett ; and David A., a student in the Everett high school. Mr. Bishop is a member of the Modern Woodmen, while his religious connection is with the Presbyterian church, of which he has been a member since coming to Everett and in the welfare of which he takes a commendable interest. He has been an elder for many years. Mrs. Bishop is active in local club and civic affairs, being a member of the Everett Woman's Club and the Everett Music Club. Though quiet and unassuming, Mr. Bishop possesses a strong personality, is quick in decision and energetic in manner, so that in whatever sphere of activity he is engaged he is a potent factor. Kindly and generous in his attitude towards all worthy causes and public-spirited in his support of all worthy measures for the public good, he has long been held in the highest regard by his fellow citizens, who esteem him for his genuine worth. MARIUS HOIDAL Among the progressive and energetic farmers of northwestern Snohomish county, Marius Hoidal holds a prominent place, for his record has been one that has reflected creditably on his ability and judgment in the practical affairs of life. He is a native of Norway, born on the 12th of June, 1887, and is a son of Hans and Marie (Bakken) Hoidal. The father was a tanner by trade and owned his own tannery in Norway. It was destroyed by fire in 1893 and three years later he took his family to South Africa. He learned the trade of a stone mason in the Orange Free State, and also ran a butcher shop there for, awhile. During the Boer war he fought on the side of the Boers and was captured by the British, who held him prisoner in Ladysmith, Port Natal, for eighteen months. On his release he returned to Norway, where he lived until 1902, when he migrated to the United States. Coming direct to Arlington, Snohomish county, he rented a farm from Harry Hunter at Island, midway between Silvana and Arlington, on which he lived during the year 1904-1905. For a year he cut shingle bolts on the Thomas Hansen and Jensen ranches. In 1905 he bought forty acres of land on the lower Pilchuck creek, three miles northeast of Silvana, the land being heavily timbered, while the only highway to it was a rude skid road. He built a small house of split cedar and entered upon the task of clearing the land, in which he made splendid progress, practically all of the land being now cleared. Here the father spent the remaining years of his life, his death occuring August 2, 1922. To him and his wife were born five children, namely : Marius, the subject of this sketch; Carl, a resident of Arlington ; Andrew, who lives at Universal Lake, Washington ; Hans, who is married and has a daughter, Alice, born December 11, 1924 ; and Karen, who was born in South Africa and lives at home. Marius Hoidal received a public school education and when fourteen years of age was confirmed in the Lutheran church. He came to the United States in the fall of 1903, the mother and the other children coming in 1905. After the death of his father, he assumed the active management of the ranch, in the operation of which he has been very successful. About 1921 Mr. Hoidal began the breeding of pure bred Guernsey cattle, though for several years prior to that he had owned a pure bred bull. He has now a fine herd of high-testing cows and purposes to maintain his herd at the highest possible standard, in which endeavor he is setting a worthy example. He raises splendid crops of hay, oats and barley and sufficient corn to fill his silo. He is devoting himself closely to his farming interests and his success thus far has been very gratifying. Mr. Hoidal is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and also belongs to Silvana Lodge, No. 34, Sons of Norway. He has always taken a keen interest in everything relating to the prosperity and welfare of the community, and he and his father together served as road boss for fifteen years. Mr. Hoidal and his brothers contracted to clear land for several years, clearing a large number of tracts, one of which was what is now Pioneer park at Arling- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 419 ton. He and his sister Karen live with their mother on the homestead and are very comfortably situated. He is a man of splendid personal character, cordial and friendly in his relations with his fellowmen, and is well deserving of the popularity which he enjoys throughout the community. MICAL KLUNGLAND Among the progressive and successful farmers of northwestern Snohomish county stands Mical Klungland, whose indomitable courage, persistent and aggressive efforts and excellent management have brought to him the prosperity which he enjoys. Though he has been closely devoted to his individual affairs, he has at the same time shown a public-spirited interest in the general welfare of the community that has won for him the esteem of all who know him. Mr. Klungland was born in Norway on the 6th of December, 1876, and is a son of Tonnes and Berta (Berentsdatter) Klungland, also natives of that country, where their deaths occurred. They were the parents of five children : Peder, deceased, Peder, Bertha Marie, Bertinius and Mical. The last named attended the public schools of his neighborhood and also had two years of high school work. In the meantime he worked on the home farm and also learned the carpenter's trade, at which he was employed until coming to the United States in the fall of 1906. He located at Silvana, Washington, where he worked at his trade one summer and then went to Prince Rupert, British Columbia, where he was employed at railroad work for about a year. In 1910 Mr. Klungland returned to Norway, where he was married, and immediately brought his bride to this country. They immediately located on the eighty acre ranch near Silvana that he had bought in October, 1906. The land was heavily covered with timber and stumps and he at once set to work to clear it and place it under cultivation. He built a small, but comfortable and well arranged house and now has thirty-six acres of the land cleared, the remainder being devoted to pasture. He raises good crops of corn, oats and peas for his silo, as well as a large quantity of hay. About nine years ago Mr. Klungland began planting alfalfa, in the growing of which he has been very successful, being one of the few alfalfa growers in Snohomish county. He keeps twenty-two good, high-testing cows, some of which are registered Holsteins, and also a registered Holstein bull. The improvements made by Mr. Klungland on his place have all been of a substantial character and the general appearance of the ranch indicates him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. On April 6, 1910, in Norway, Mr. Klungland was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Marie Lund, a native of that country and a daughter of Lars and Maren Severine ( Justvig) Lund. Her father was a farmer in a small way and was also a sea captain. On one of his voyages to South America his small vessel was cut in two by a large ship off the coast of Spain. Mr. Lund was the only survivor of the disaster, having hung to the wreck by an anchor chain all night and being rescued the next day. He was put ashore on an island, where he was kept a prisoner by the natives for several years. Eventually, he made his escape and reached California in 1866. There he followed gold mining for ten years, and then returned to his old home in Norway, where his death. occurred about 1920. His widow is still living there. They were the parents of nine children, namely : Andrea ; Weiner ; Martha, deceased ; John ; Emilie and Gorgine, twins, the former of whom is deceased ; Marion ; Laura ; and Nellie. To Mr. and Mrs. Klungland have been born five children, namely : Tonning, born March 31, 1911 ; Lars, July 12, 1914 ; Sigurd, July 4, 1916 ; Emmen, June 10, 1920 ; and Bernhard, May 19, 1922. Mr. Klungland is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and is a strong advocate of good roads and the best school facilities. In his own career he has demonstrated what may be accomplished through hard and persistent effort, and his life has been an honor to the community in which he lives. LEWIS MORLEY Among the men who have attained a worthy success solely through their own efforts and are now numbered among the prosperous and enterprising farmers of Snohomish county, stands Lewis Morley, whose well improved ranch is located in the Sunnyside district, east of Everett. He was born in Lincolnshire, England, on the 13th of May, 1873, and is a son of John and Dinah (Day) Morley. In 1877 the parents brought their family to America, 420 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY locating in Ontario, Canada, where they lived about four years. In 1881 they removed to Michigan and there the father engaged in farming until 1904, when he came to Snohomish county, Washington, where he bought fourteen acres of land, on which he lived until his death. Lewis Morley was given the advantage of a good public school education and after coming to Snohomish county he obtained employment in mills. In February, 1904, he bought twenty acres of land in Sunnyside and proceeded to clear it of the brush and stumps with which it was covered. He built a good house and here he has given his attention to berry raising, dairy farming and the chicken business, in all of which departments of his work he has met with pleasing success, gained only by hard and persistent labor and the exercise of sound judgment. On January 18, 1911, Mr. Morley was married to Miss Ada Hansen, a native of California and a daughter of Thomas and Kathryn (Cope) Hansen, and to them have been born three children, Gertrude, Gracie and Blanche. Mr. Morley is a republican in his political views and has served as a member of the school board. He is wide-awake and energetic in his business affairs and is also active in his support of all interests having to do with the betterment or advancement of the community in any way. For these qualities he has earned and retained the sincere esteem of the entire community in which he lives. THOMAS A. STIGER Possessing keen analytical powers and an alert, well trained mind, Thomas A. Stiger occupies an enviable position in legal circles of Everett and has also done important work along educational lines. A son of Jacob W. and Ellen Melissa (Monet) Stiger, he was born September 19, 1873, and is a native of Bucyrus, Ohio. His father is deceased, but the mother is still living in the Buckeye state. Mr. Stiger was reared on his father's farm and after the completipn of his high school course attended Baldwin University. He studied law in the Ohio State University and was graduated with the class of 1899. He came to Everett, Washington, in 1900 and for some time was a teacher in the Edmonds school. He was for two years principal of the Falls schools, and his ability won him the position of county superintendent of schools, which he filled for four years, accomplishing much during that period. In 1908 he began the practice of law and now enjoys a large clientele, maintaining an office in the Walsh building. He devotes much time to research and study and in his presentation of a case is always fortified by a comprehensive understanding of the legal principles applicable thereto. He was elected prosecuting attorney in 1918 and served until 1922, making a fine record in that office. In 1904 Mr. Stiger married Miss Anna Raymond, of Bellingham, Washington, and they have three children: Louise, who is attending the State Normal School ; Thomas R.; and John W. Mr. Stiger is an adherent of the republican party and his fraternal affiliations are with the Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He takes a deep and helpful interest in public affairs and served for ten years on the Everett school board, while he has also been a member of the state board of education. For years he has been active in the work of the First Baptist church. For ten years he was a member of the Y. M. C. A. board and was active in promoting its growth and development. He likewise was active in war work, performing excellent service in that connection. Mr. Stiger is loyal to every cause which he espouses and is faithful to every trust, occupying a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. JAMES McFARLAND James McFarland, a prominent citizen and capable agriculturist of Snohomish county, had resided within its borders for nearly four decades when he departed this life on the 4th of October, 1918, at the age of sixty-eight years. His birth occurred at Kirknewton, Scotland, on the 31st of March, 1850, his parents being Hugh and Mary (Welsh) McFarland, both natives of Ireland. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, died on the Emerald isle. The family numbered eight children, namely John, Patrick, Anne, Catherine, Thomas, James, Hugh and Mary. All are deceased. James McFarland acquired his education in the public schools of his native country and had attained his majority when he emigrated to the United States in 1871. After four years' THOMAS A. STIGER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 423 residence in New York he made his way westward to San Francisco, California, where he remained for a similar period. It was in November, 1879, that he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and purchased a tract of one hundred and sixty acres in the vicinity of Stanwood, built a small cabin thereon and set himself resolutely to the task of clearing the land. At the end of four years he sold the place and bought sixty-two acres near Norman, constituting a part of the Ford homestead. Mr. McFarland began clearing the land of the woods and brush which covered it and lived in a small log house until 1888, when he erected a new residence. The various hardships and difficulties of pioneer life confronted him, as roads had not yet been built and the region was still but sparsely settled. About 1885 he preempted a quarter section of land two miles north of Silvana, which he sold two years later. He resided on his place in the vicinity of Norman to the time of his death and cleared the entire tract, which he fenced and cross-fenced. He also planted an orchard and in 1911 built a barn which at that time was one of the finest in the county and perhaps in the state. On the 9th of November, 1879, in San Francisco, California, Mr. McFarland was united in marriage to Miss Annie Flynn, a native of Ireland and a daughter of Frank and Bridget (Mulhern) Flynn, who were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. and Mrs. Frank Flynn were the parents of ten children, namely : Mary, Betty, Bridget, Nannie, John, Catherine, Ellen, Annie and two who died in infancy Mrs. Annie McFarland received her education in Ireland and in 1874 came to the United States, locating in San Francisco, California, where she was married. She became the mother of six children, as follows : Frank, who is deceased; Mrs. May Madden, who has two sons, Leo and Francis ; Bertha, at home ; James, who conducts the Palace Meat Market in Stanwood ; Thomas, living in Everett ; and Annie, who resides with her widowed mother. Mr. McFarland was widely recognized as a public-spirited and progressive citizen who could at all times be counted upon to aid in the material, intellectual and moral development of his community. He gave enthusiastic support to good roads projects as well as to the cause of education and was one of the first men to subscribe to the new Catholic church which was erected in Stanwood in 1908. In his passing the community sustained the loss of one of its prosperous and representative agriculturists and highly esteemed citizens. His widow, who has lived in Snohomish county for the past forty-seven years, is widely and favorably known here. JOHN MLEZIVA The true western spirit of progress and enterprise is strikingly exemplified in the lives of such men as John Mleziva, one of Snohomish county's honored citizens, whose energetic nature and laudable ambition have enabled him to conquer many adverse conditions and advance steadily on the road to success. He has met and overcome obstacles that would have discouraged many men of less determination and won for himself not only a comfortable competency, but also a prominent place among the people of his locality, being a credit to his community. Mr. Mleziva is a native of Bohemia, his birth occurring on the 2nd of June, 1858, and is a son of Martin and Mary (Dofek) Mleziva, both of whom were natives of that country, where they spent their lives. The father was a farmer by occupation and also dealt in hardware. John Mleziva secured his education in the public schools of his native land and then served four years in the national army. In 1883 he emigrated to the United States, locating first in New Jersey, where he remained only a month, going from there to Cleveland, Ohio, and three months later to Toledo, Ohio, where he obtained employment in a foundry. He remained there one year and then went to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he worked for three months. He was later employed in flour mills and as a blacksmith in Minnesota for about four years, after which he turned his attention to farming, which he followed in Minnesota and Wisconsin until 1889. In that year he came to Seattle, Washington, and after the great fire of that year was employed in the building of foundations and other similar work for a short time. In 1890 he came to Snohomish county and homesteaded his present farm, which at that time was covered with virgin timber. The only road to the place was a mere trail and for eleven years after coming here he was compelled to pack in all of his provisions and supplies. Mr. Williams logged the place and then Mr. Mleziva went ahead with the work of clearing away the stumps and preparing the land for cultivation. He has one hundred and sixty acres, of which twenty acres are cleared, and he has made many other improvements, which have made this a very valuable and desirable property. He raises grain and potatoes, has a nice bearing orchard and also keeps a few cows. He has applied himself 424 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY closely to the advancement of his individual interests and at the same time has taken part in all efforts for the improvement of the community, contributing his time and labor to the building of roads and in other ways showing a fine public spirit. At La Crosse, Wisconsin, Mr. Mleziva was married to Miss Anna Brunner, a native of Bohemia and daughter of George Brunner, who never left his native land. Mr. and Mrs. Mleziva are the parents of seven children, namely : Joseph ; Martin, who works at Monroe, and is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted, went to training camps, and got as far as New York on his way overseas when the armistice was signed; John, of Monroe; Christina, who is a member of the Dominican Sisters and lives in Oregon ; Annie, who is engaged in hospital work in Everett ; Mary, who is a professional nurse ; and Orsula, who lives in Everett. Coming to the United States when twenty-five years of age, Mr. Mleziva has so directed his efforts as to win a fair measure of success and those who know him testify to his many admirable traits of character. JOHN MANSFIELD AND WILLIAM HENRY INGRAM Among the well known residents of the Monroe district of western Snohomish county, none enjoy a larger measure of respect than the members of the Ingram family, comprising J. M. and W. H., who have long been engaged in farming, and their sister, Miss Eunice Estell Ingram, who is engaged in dressmaking at Monroe. They are the children of W. J. and Mary A. (Silvey) Ingram. The former, born near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, died in 1904, and the latter, born near Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania, died in 1909. In his younger years the father was employed in the rolling mills at Pittsburgh, but later turned his attention to farming. The family moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio, then to Missouri, from there to Kansas, and in 1888 the father came to Snohomish county, the wife and children coming the following year. On his arrival Mr. Ingram secured forty acres of railroad land, which became the permanent home of the family. The land had never been logged, being part of an old "burn," and was densely covered with stumps, brush and logs. During their early years here the boys worked out in the neighborhood in order to earn money to carry the family along until such a time as the land should become productive. Now about thirty-five acres of the land is in cultivation, and under the excellent management of the brothers the place proved a profitable enterprise. For many years they gave considerable attention to the raising of hogs, keeping also a few cows. In the early years here they did a good deal of free road work in the neighborhood, including the building of the highway from the Woods Creek road to their place. J. M. Ingram was born in 1864, near Zanesville, Ohio, and W. H. Ingram was born in Missouri in 1875. J. M. had but little opportunity for educational training, there having been no schools in Missouri, where he spent his boyhood days, but W. H. had the advantage of schools after coming to Snohomish county. From early boyhood they have been hardworking, industrious tillers of the soil and, because of the poor health of their father, they took over the management and operation of the farm some years prior to his death. Since 1922 the farm has been rented, though the brothers still live on the place. Their sister, Eunice, who was born in Missouri, and secured her education in the schools of Kansas, kept house for her brothers after the mother's death until 1922, when she moved to Monroe, where she commands a representative patronage, being very successful as a dressmaker. They also have three other sisters, all of whom remained in the east. J. M. and W. H. Ingram have both maintained a keen interest in local public affairs and have both served as members of the school board of the Woods Creek district. J. M. is a charter member of Monroe Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. They are men of sterling qualities of character, have been loyal and true citizens of their community and have commanded the respect and good will of all who know them. MAX C. STEGER With diligence and determination as his dominant qualities, Max C. Steger has accomplished what he has undertaken, developing that strength of character which results from battling with difficulties. A native of Germany, he was born in 1868, his parents being William F. and Rosalie (Kirchberger) Steger. His father fought in the war between Austria and Prussia in 1866 and also in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. He was an expert carpenter HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 425 and remained in Germany until 1881, when he joined the tide of immigration to the United States. He followed his trade for a time in Saginaw, Michigan, and then moved to Frankfort, that state, where he lived for about eight years. In 1889 he came to Washington in company with his wife and during that summer was employed as a carpenter in Seattle. In the fall of 1889 he removed to Snohomish county and homesteaded a quarter section, having learned of the desirability of the location through his son. William F. Steger was obliged to cut a trail through the woods in order to reach the place and carried his supplies on .his back. To clear the tract he had to burn much valuable timber, and when possible he worked at his trade. He endured all of the discomforts and hardships of life on the frontier and as time passed gradually developed his farm, bringing ten acres under the plow. Much of the land was used for pasture for his cows and he also kept pigs and chickens. In the early days he was active in donation road work and filled the office of road supervisor. He was a strong champion of educational advancement and on March 28, 1892, was one of the organizers of school district No. 61. He served for a number of years on the school board, and his life was a constantly expanding force for good citizenship. He passed away in 1918 on the homestead, and his demise was the occasion of deep and widespread regret, for he was a man of exceptional worth. Max C. Steger attended the schools of the fatherland until he reached the age of thirteen and completed his studies in Saginaw, Michigan. He filled the position of grocery clerk for a number of years while in the Wolverine state and after coming to Washington in 1885 was connected with the grocery trade at Seattle for a time and was also in Tacoma and other cities on Puget Sound. In 1898 he journeyed from Seattle to Everett and became a waiter in the old Monte Cristo Hotel, which was then considered one of the best hostelries in this section of the state. Mr. Steger was eventually made steward of the hotel and remained in Everett until 1905, when he joined his father, purchasing ten acres of the homestead. He has cleared half of the tract, and his mother now makes her home with him. He has made a close study of the soil and climatic conditions and raises the crops best suited to this region. In the cultivation of the land he utilizes modern methods and has installed many labor-saving devices to expedite the work. In 1897 Mr. Steger was married in Victoria, British Columbia, to Miss Rose Baddeley, who was a native of Scotland and passed away on the homestead in 1915. To this union was born a son Carl, who died at the age of six months. Like his father, Mr. Steger has always evinced a deep and helpful interest in projects for the general good and for eighteen years he has served on the local school board, of which he is now the secretary. He is dominated at all times by a strong sense of duty and honor, and his record sustains the high reputation which has ever been borne by the family. FRED CARLSON Unqualified commendation is deserved by the man who hews his way through a forest of difficulties, never losing sight of his objective, and of this type is Fred Carlson, whose force of character and strength of will have placed him with the leading agriculturists of this county. A native of Sweden, he was born April 5, 1867, and is a son of C. G. and Christine Peterson, lifelong residents of that country. At the early age of thirteen years Mr. Carlson became a wage earner, driving a team for a large grocery firm. Later he broke horses, learning the business from his father, who was an expert in that line. When eighteen years of age he entered the Swedish army and completed the required term of military service. In 1891, when a young man of twenty-four, Mr. Carlson came to the United States and for two years lived with an uncle who owned a farm in Minnesota. On the expiration of that period he went to the lumber woods of Michigan and two years later obtained a position in a sawmill situated on the border between that state and Wisconsin. He was there employed for about seven years and then purchased a tract of eighty acres in Michigan. It was covered with stumps and timber, and for eight years he operated the place, clearing twenty acres. After selling the farm he went to Silverhill, Alabama, and bought forty acres of wild land in Baldwin county, where he cleared about three acres, built a good house and barn and fenced his fields. His wife's health was much improved by the change but he found the climate enervating and at the end of nine months sold his stock and tools and traded the plantation for his present place. Early in 1910 Mr. Carlson arrived in Everett, Washington, and afterward went to British Columbia, Canada. There he devoted his energies to the task of cutting cedar poles and while in Everett aided in operating a steam shovel at the time the large sewer on Broadway 426 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY was excavated. In 1911 he located on his ranch near Bothell, and the first road through the county from Snohomish to Seattle ran past his place. He built a small shack and while clearing the farm worked on the Pacific highway, operating the cables used in extracting the stumps and also aiding in laying the concrete. Mr. Carlson exerted every effort to gain a start and continued to work out until 1924, at the same time caring for the ranch. He now has the farm practically all cleared and raises the crops best adapted to this region. He makes a specialty of fruit growing and has some cows and chickens. The shack has been replaced by a fine home, which he built himself, doing all of the work except the wiring and plastering. He takes justifiable pride in his farm, to which he is constantly adding improvements, thus enhancing its value. In 1896 Mr. Carlson married Miss Mary E. Johnson, a native of Finland. Her parents always remained in Europe and in 1892 she came alone to the United States. Her father, Eric Gemmel, became a pilot when a youth of seventeen and was pensioned by the Russian government, which he served in that capacity until he reached the age of sixty-two years. To Mr. and Mrs. Carlson were born five children: Nancy, who is the wife of Gilbert Hollister, of California, and has a son, Clyde ; C. Ruford, who is a bachelor and aids his father in the operation of the homestead ; G. Edward, who is employed in the stove factory at Everett ; Ellen Christine, who is attending a business college in that city ; and Esther, a high school pupil. She was born in Alabama and the other children are natives of Michigan. Mr. Carlson has always manifested a deep interest in public affairs and served for three years on the school board. He is a broad-minded man of progressive spirit and high principles, esteemed and respected by all with whom he is acquainted. His life has been one of unremitting industry, and his record proves what may be accomplished when effort and ambition combine. EVAN A. HEVLY Evan A. Hevly has been successfully engaged in business as a general merchant of Florence during the past third of a century and has long enjoyed an enviable and well deserved reputation for enterprise and reliability. His birth occurred in Norway on the 1st of February, 1866, his parents being Albert and Karen (Varner) Satrum, also natives of that country. The father emigrated to the United States in 1880 and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres in Clay county, South Dakota, while subsequently he purchased an additional tract of one hundred and twenty acres there. He devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits until 1920, when he took up his abode at Irene, where he purchased a home and has since lived retired in the enjoyment of well earned rest. Albert Satrum is now nearly ninety years of age and is a widower, his wife having died at Irene, South Dakota, in February, 1922. They reared a family of seven children, as follows : Evan A., Sivert, Dora, Albert, Anna, Louis and Marie. Five of the above named live in the east and two make their home in the state of Washington. Evan A. Hevly crossed the ocean to the United States alone in 1879, when a lad of thirteen, and in the fall of the same year arrived in Stanwood, Washington, where he made his home with Haldo Hevly, whose surname he adopted. The latter had recently purchased eighty acres of raw land in the vicinity of Silvana, and the boy assisted in clearing the tract of the timber and brush which covered it. Mr. Hevly of this review lived with Haldo Hevly until 1882, after which he worked in logging camps for four or five years, attending school during the winter seasons. For about one year he attended the University of Washington in Seattle, continuing his studies there as long as his finances permitted. Following his return to Snohomish county he was employed for two years as a clerk in the Norton store at Florence, after which he bought a half interest in the first gasoline motor boat plying on the river between Utsaladdy and Florence and operated this for one year. Subsequently he conducted a store at Silvana for L. Elvrum for the period of a year, when he returned to Florence and there conducted a store for Jasper Sill for a similar length of time. He then purchased the latter establishment, which he has continuously carried on under his own name since 1892, dealing in general merchandise, gas, oil, flour and feed. His stock is valued at fifteen thousand dollars and his patronage is an extensive and profitable one, for he has become widely recognized as a straightforward, reliable and progressive merchant. He erected a handsome new store building in 1913 and also owns a warehouse, which was built about 1900. In the fall of 1892 Mr. Hevly was married to Rachel Hougen, a native of Norway, whose parents were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. and Mrs. Hevly became the parents of two sons and a daughter, namely : Ralph A., a high school graduate, who lives in Seattle, is married and has a daughter, Phyllis ; Etta, who passed away in November, 1918, when HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 427 eighteen years of age ; and Vernon, living in Seattle, who is auditor for Schwabacher Brothers, Incorporated, and who is married and has one son, Vernon, Jr. Mrs. Hevly died in 1913, and Mr. Hevly was married July 2, 1921, to Hanna M. Nelson, of Norman. In Masonry Mr. Hevly has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, belonging to Camano Lodge No. 19, F. & A. M., in which he has filled all of the chairs. He is also a member of Nile Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S., of Seattle, and both he and his wife belong to the Eastern Star. Mr. Hevly has never regretted his determination to establish his home in the new world, for here he has found the opportunities which he sought and through their wise utilization has gained a gratifying measure of prosperity as well as the high regard and good will of his fellow citizens. ALEXANDER BRADY One of the leading dairymen and berry raisers of the Marysville district is Alexander Brady, who has here created a good farm from uncleared land and is now very comfortably situated. He was born on the 21st of April, 1862, in Monroe county, Ohio, and is a son of Daniel and Mary (Rutter) Brady, the former of whom was a veteran of the Civil war and was a farmer by vocation. The subject of this sketch is indebted to the public schools for his education, which he has liberally supplemented through subsequent years by much studious reading and close observation of men and events, being now considered an unusually well informed man on a wide range of subjects. He remained in his native county until, at the age of sixteen years he went to Corvallis, Oregon. Having determined to enter the ministry, Mr. Brady pursued his theological studies at Oakland, California, and Forest Grove, Oregon, being later ordained as a minister of the Congregational church, in which he preached seven years at various places. Later he transferred his allegiance to the Methodist Episcopal church. in 1900 Mr. Brady came to Snohomish county and bought twenty-two acres of land three miles north of Marysville, to which he later added twenty-seven acres more. Sometime later he sold two acres of his land and now has forty-seven acres, twenty-five acres of which are cleared and under cultivation. The land had been logged off but was badly encumbered with stumps and brush when lie located here and a vast amount of hard work was required to get it cleared. He has made a number of substantial improvements, including a good house, barn and other necessary buildings, and now has one of the best ranches in the locality. He carries on dairy farming, and also has a fine, productive berry patch. He is progressive and energetic in his methods and is realizing a fine measure of success in his work. In 1898 Mr. Brady was united in marriage to Miss Margaret G. Ginn, who was born in western Oregon and was a daughter of Richard and Catherine Ginn, pioneers of that state. Mrs. Brady died April 28, 1924, leaving the following children : Esther, who is the wife of Everett Earl, of Lincoln, Nebraska, and the mother of two children ; Ruth, who is at home; Robert, who is a teacher and is now taking postgraduate work in Columbia University, New York city ; Hope, who is a professional nurse in Portland, Oregon, being a graduate of the Good Samaritan Hospital of that city ; and Morrison, Maggie and Gwendolyn, who are at home. gin Brady is a member of the Grange, the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Arlington Creamery Association. In his politics he maintains an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He is a man of broad views and well defined opinions, with the courage of his convictions, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is held in the highest esteem. NELS LANGSJOEN With the history of progress in the Stillaguamish valley the name of Langsjoen has long been closely and prominently connected, and the work begun by his father has been ably carried forward by Nels Langsjoen, whose intelligence and industry have placed him among the leading agriculturists and dairymen of this section of the state. He has also found time for public affairs and is widely and favorably known as deputy county assessor—an office he has filled for many years. He was born December 25, 1877, in Otter Tail county, Minnesota. His parents, John and Johanna (Knutson) Langsjoen, were natives of Norway and came to the United States in 1877, in April of that year locating in Minnesota. The father took up 428 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY a homestead and also operated rented land in that state, in which he spent ten years, contributing materially toward the development of its agricultural resources. He migrated to Stanwood, Washington, in August, 1887, and bought a relinquishment to one hundred and sixty acres of land situated two miles northeast of Silvana. The tract was covered with a dense growth of trees and brush and there were no roads in the district. A half acre had been cleared and there was a small house on the place. Through patience and industry Mr. Langsjoen overcame many difficulties and the rich soil yielded abundant harvests. He was an expert farmer and at his death in 1921 had eighty acres of bottom land under cultivation. He engaged in dairying and stock raising, and his home, which he built in 1911, was considered the finest in the locality. His wife passed away in 1918. To their union were born eight children, but Julius, the second of the family, is deceased. The others are Nels, Carl, Mrs. Minnie Staswick, John, Jr., Henry N., Cornelius and Mrs. Hannah Knutson. Nels Langsjoen received his early instruction in his native state and completed his studies in the public schools of Norman, Washington. He aided his father in the task of clearing the land. In association with John Haugen he purchased property in Everett in 1900, but later sold his interest therein to Mr. Haugen, and in 1902 acquired a tract of twenty acres adjoining his father's place on the river. He cleared the greater portion of the land, of which he was the owner for ten years, and then sold it to his father. In 1912 the subject of this sketch bought a ranch of thirty-two acres on the south slough near Silvana and assiduously applied himself to the work of converting the wild land into a productive farm. He has cleared nearly all of the place and raises hay and oats, also keeping ten cows of good grade for dairy purposes. He understands farming in principle and detail and keeps in close touch with all new developments along agricultural lines. Mr. Langsjoen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and belongs to Silvana Lodge of the Modern Woodmen of America. In 1905 he was appointed deputy county assessor and with the exception of but two or three years has continuously held the office, his long retention therein constituting an eloquent testimonial as to the quality of his service. Devotion to duty is one of his salient characteristics, and no resident of this locality occupies a higher place in public esteem. WILLIAM SHELTON William Shelton has long held a prominent place among the influential men of Snohomish county and is clearly entitled to specific mention in the history of the community in which he lives. A worthy representative of the people who originally inhabited and controlled this section of the country, he has by his ability, education and character, become a leader and he commands the sincere respect and esteem of the people generally. Mr. Shelton was born at Sandy Point, Whidbey island, Washington, on the 4th of July, 1868, and is a son of Charles and Medland Wha-Candub, both of whom were natives of Snohomish county, the father born on the Skyhomish river and the mother at Blackman's Point. Both are deceased. Of the five children born to them, William is the only one living. He attended the Mission school for two years and later became an employe of the government school on the reservation. He learned the trades of carpenter and millwright and built a small mill for the agency and school, which he operated for the school and the Indians, cutting lumber for building purposes. He was appointed interpreter for the Indians in negotiating the sale of the timber to the white men, whereby the Indians were able to get money with which to erect houses and improve their farm land. During the World war Mr. Shelton was the leader in all war work among the Indians of Snohomish county, being chairman of the Red Cross drive, chairman of the United war work, and served efficiently as a four-minute man, speaking at Everett and Marysville in addition to making many addresses at different places on the reservation. Under his leadership the Tulalip Indians over-subscribed their quota in the Victory loan twenty-six times, subscribing seventy-eight thousand six hundred dollars, which exceeded the entire quota of the Marysville district, of which the Tulalip agency is a part. When a boy, Mr. Shelton learned the art of making totem poles and the significance of the symbols carried on them. On July 23, 1922, he erected a very fine totem pole at Whitmore and California streets, Everett, one of the best locations in the city. The pole, which stands eighty feet high, has on its surface twenty-five different designs and figures and required over four years to carve. It is viewed by thousands of tourists who pass through Everett and is generally commended as an unusually fine piece of work. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 429 On July 28, 1889, Mr. Shelton was united in marriage to Ruth Sehome, who was born in Whatcom, Washington, a daughter of Pierce and Emily Sehome, both of whom were natives of this state, the father born at Dungeness and the mother on Samish island. Of their five children, three are living, namely : Mrs. Julia Barkhousen, who lives on Fidalgo island, Washington; Mrs. Sallie Oshan, who lives on the Lummi Indian reservation, Washington; and Mrs. Shelton. By a former marriage; Mrs. Shelton has a son, Hubert Coy, who was born on Cottonwood island, Washington, and now lives on the Tulalip reservation. To Mr. and Mrs. Shelton have been born two children. Robert E., who was born on the Tulalip reservation and served one and a half years in the World war, is married and has a daughter, Roberta, born February 16, 1925. Harriet, also born on the reservation, is a senior in the high school at Everett. Mr. Shelton, by his earnest and sincere cooperation in all work for the advancement and betterment of his people, as well as for the general prosperity of the county; has well merited the high place which he holds in the community, and he has honored his people by his splendid life and progressive spirit. MICHAEL ANDERSON In the death of Michael Anderson, which occurred June 15, 1919, Snohomish county lost one of its valued citizens. Much of his long and useful life was spent within its borders, although he first saw the light of day in faraway Norway. He was essentially a man of affairs, sound of judgment and farseeing in whatever he undertook, and the success which crowned his efforts was well merited. In all the relations of life he proved signally true to every trust, for he was a man of scrupulous integrity, and his kindly and generous manner gained for him a host of warm and loyal friends. Mr. Anderson was born in Norway on the 26th of July, 1853, and was therefore sixty-six years of age at the time of his death. He was a son of Andrew and Guriana (Levick) Anderson, both of whom passed away in their native land. He was educated in the public schools of Norway and then learned to make and lay shingles, at which he worked until 1879, when he came to the United States. He first located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he was employed about six years, and then went to Portland, Oregon, where he worked in mills for two years. Prior to coming west he had spent a year in the southeastern states, engaged in railroad work. In 1889 he came to Silvana, Washington, near which place he soon afterward bought one hundred and ten acres of land, which was mostly covered with timber and brush. He built a house and barn and devoted himself vigorously to the clearing of the land and the cultivation of the soil, getting a large part of the tract under the plow. In 1900 he sold that place and bought fifteen acres of land two miles northwest of Silvana. It was only partly cleared but he cleared the remainder, creating a good farm, to the operation of which he devoted himself for twelve years. In 1912 he bought eighty acres of land at Granite Falls, about half of which was cleared and to which he at once moved. He farmed that land seven years, also operating a dairy, and he met with well deserved success. In 1919 he moved back to his Silvana ranch, where his death occurred soon afterward. He was a man of industrious habits and sound business judgment, was up-to-date in his methods and was dependable in all of the relations of life. On January 10, 1891, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Johnson, who was born in Norway. Her parents, John and Karen Nesje were also natives of Norway and spent their last years in the home of their daughter, Mrs. Anderson, where their deaths occurred, having come to the United States in September, 1902. The father died in May, 1916, and the mother passed away March 14, 1920. They were the parents of six children, namely : Ingeborg, Anna, Johanna, John, Kari, deceased, and Kari. To Mr. and Mrs. Anderson were born eight children: Mrs. Geda Engebretson, who is the mother of five children, Joel, John, Agnes, Andy and Edith; John, who is married and has a son, John William ; Mrs. Clara Erickson, who is the mother of five children, Alvina, Howard, James, Donald and Myrtle ; Arthur, who is married and has a son, Donald ; Amanda, deceased ; Millard, who is married and has two daughters, Hazel and Florine ; Alvin, who is single and remains at home ; and Walter, also at home. In the fall of 1919 Mrs. Anderson sold the ranch at Granite Falls and in 1920 she bought sixteen and three-quarters acres of land adjoining the ranch at Silvana, while still later she bought five and three-quarters acres more, now owning thirty-eight and a half acres in one body. Since her husband's death she has conducted the farm successfully, being a woman of sound judgment and marked business ability. She keeps a good dairy, having twenty-one good Holstein cows, and she raises good crops of hay, much of the land being in pasture. 430 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY She is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Lutheran church at Silvana. A lady of kindly manner and generous impulses, she has long enjoyed the respect and esteem of all who know her. ALFRED JOHNSON Alfred Johnson has won a place in the front rank of the successful dairy farmers of his section of Snohomish county and he has so impressed his individuality upon the community as to gain recognition among its leading citizens and public-spirited men of affairs. He was born in Sweden on the 16th of September, 1874, and is a son of John Johnson, who is mentioned on other pages of this work. Our subject was reared in his native land and received his education in the public schools. In 1891, at the age of seventeen years, he came to the United States and at once located in Snohomish county, Washington, where lie owns a fine farm of eighty acres. When he acquired the land it was densely covered with timber and brush, but he has steadily carried on the work of improvement until he now has forty acres cleared and under cultivation. He gives his chief attention to dairy farming, keeping twenty-eight head of good grade cows, from which he derives a very nice income. His place now presents an attractive appearance and reflects credit on the owner. In 1903 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Emma Johnson, and to them have been born five children, namely : Wanda M., who was born March 3, 1905, and is now the wife of Harry Nelson, of Everett ; Dorothy Helen, born in July, 1907 ; Elsie, born in May, 1910; Richard A., born November 7, 1914 ; and Emery U., born January 16, 1918. Politically Mr. Johnson gives his support to the republican party and has taken a proper interest in the public affairs of his community, having served as school director fourteen years and is now clerk of the board. Beginning at the bottom of the ladder he has attained his present prosperity solely through the exercise of persistent industry and sound business judgment. Mrs. Johnson has nobly cooperated with him in his labors, and together they enjoy to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of the people of their community. JAMES McCLEAVE James McCleave is prominent among horsemen of the northwest, having owned and trained many notable horses, his skill as a trainer being widely recognized. In fact his name in this connection is known from coast to coast. Mr. McCleave was born in the north of Ireland in 1872 and is the son of Samuel and Susanna (Lester) McCleave. His father was a large landowner and one of the leading horse dealers in Ireland, supplying horses to the English, French and Belgian governments. James McCleave received a good public school education and then entered business with his father. In 1896 he came to New York city to buy horses and opened a large stable at 146-7 West Twenty-eighth street. There he built up a large patronage among leading men of the east, including J. D. Archibald, president of the Standard Oil Company ; the Loebs, bankers of that city ; Bliss, the manufacturer of torpedoes ; Theodore Roosevelt, Robert Fitzsimmons, James J. Corbett ; J. D. Lang, president of the West Shore Railroad ; Mr. Whittier, owner of the New Netherlands Hotel, and others, to whom he sold both coach and riding horses. It was while he was in New York city that the automobile first made its appearance. Mr. McCleave returned to Ireland for three years, still being identified with the sale of horses there, and in 1908 lie again came to this country, locating at Fremont, Nebraska, from which point he shipped horses everywhere. He next went to Victoria, British Columbia, where he remained until 1924, engaged in the sale of horses and also established the first riding school there. In 1924 he came to Everett and opened the first riding school here, in which he has met with very gratifying success. He keeps thirty-five ponies and horses and has done much to popularize riding in this locality. Mr. McCleave has always been deeply interested in jumping horses and has trained and owned some of the best jumpers the world has ever seen. One of these was the famous horse Corncob, which was raised in Alta, Canada, coming from a standard-bred mare and an imported hackney stallion. In 1922, at the Pacific International Horse Show, at Portland, Oregon, Corncob won the world's record high jump for a horse under fourteen hands and two inches high—a record of six feet seven and a half inches, the record having been held in Australia for ten years previous. Corncob carried one hundred and fifty pounds when he made this record. Mr. McCleave also has in his stable seven horses who jump between six HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 431 and seven feet. Blarney Stone, fifteen hands and two inches high, ridden by Miss Dorris Oxley McCleave, his step-daughter, then only fourteen years old, jumped six feet eight inches in 1922 at the Pacific International Live Stock Show, which was the record of the Portland ring from 1921 to 1926. In 1919 Miss Dorris took every hunter and jumping class but two. Mr. McCleave has displayed horses in all shows over the United States and Europe, and since 1919 has won over one thousand prize ribbons on the Pacific coast. His daughter, Madeline May, has also been riding in show work since 1924 and has won more than one hundred ribbons. In Vancouver, British Columbia, in 1925 she won the five-foot performance jump, both first and second, when but sixteen years of age. The horses were shown in California and Oregon in 1926, taking over one hundred ribbons. Mr. McCleave has shown at practically all the large fairs before the public without competition, being one of the highest paid attractions in the United States, his horses being generally acknowledged to be the best group of jumping horses in this country. Blarney Stone is now owned by Mayor Brown of Seattle. At Stockton, California, in 1926, Mr. McCleave competed with horses from England and all parts of the United States and placed in every jumping and hunting class but one, taking over fifty per cent of the ribbons given. The horses Victoria and Corncob both have jumped over a standard touring car, with the top down of course, Mr. McCleave's daughters riding them. They also jump tents and hurdle over fire. Mr. McCleave also has a Shetland pony, Cricket, which is the highest jumping Shetland in the world. Another, named Colony Pick-em-up, who stands under fourteen hands and two inches, has a record of six feet two inches, and Moderation, also under fourteen hands two inches, has a record of six feet, six inches. These are all truly remarkable performances and reflect great credit on the skill and patience of the man who trained them, as well as on those who successfully rode them to their records. Mr. McCleave has been twice married, first, in 1900, to Miss Elizabeth Lowden, who was born and reared in Ireland, and who is deceased. To their union were born five children, namely : Samuel, who lives in Florida, where he is connected with the United Press Association; James, who is in business with his father ; Madeline May, who is a graduate of high school and who has developed into a remarkable rider, as indicated in the preceding account ; Pearl and Ruby in school. In 1911 Mr. McCleave was married to Mrs. Louise Coridger Oxley, the daughter of William Prescott, of Orton, Lancastershire, England. By a former marriage she had a daughter, Dorris 0. Oxley, whose father was Augustus Frederick Oxley, of Epson Surrey, England, now deceased. Mr. Oxley was a wholesale druggist, and was also interested in horses in a business way. Mr. McCleave is a gentleman of kindly manner, courteous and tactful, and since coming to Everett has won a host of warm and loyal friends. HENRY D. GUNN Industry, perseverance and thrift are recognized the world over as the foundation of material prosperity and these qualities enabled Henry D. Gunn to press steadily forward to the goal of success. He was long identified with business interests of Startup but is now devoting his attention to public affairs. He represents that class of men to whom personal gain is hut one aim in many, secondary in importance to public growth and development, and lower in value than many other elements which go to make up the sum total of human existence. Mr. Gunn was born April 1, 1863, in Putnam county, Illinois, and his parents were Luther D. and Emarancy (Collins) Gunn. He was reared on his father's farm and aided in the work of plowing, planting and harvesting, thus gaining a practical knowledge of agricultural pursuits. His early education was acquired in the district school near the homestead and he afterward attended Oberlin College of Ohio. He operated a farm in his native state and afterward followed the occupation of mining in Colorado. In 1897 he located at Index, Washington, of which his brother was one of the earliest settlers, and Gunn's Peak was named in honor of the latter. Before coming to the Pacific coast Henry D. Gunn had learned the painter's trade, which he followed for some time in Index, and then decided to establish a business of his own. He opened a shop in Wallace, now known as Startup, and built up a large business as a painter and decorator owing to his expert skill and thorough reliability. He was a pioneer in this field of activity and was also employed for a time by the Wallace Lumber Company. His business was carefully managed and his well directed labors brought him a substantial income which now enables him to live retired. In 1907 he built a modern home, and this is one of the finest residences in Startup. In 1898 Mr. Gunn married Miss Lena Christensen, whose parents were Nels H. and Marie Christensen. Mrs. Gunn was born in Denmark and in early life came to the United States, 432 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY being a resident of Wisconsin from 1885 until 1889, when she came to Washington and located in Seattle. To this union was born one child, Sarah Marie, now deceased. During the World war Mrs. Gunn was secretary of the local organization of the American Red Cross and devoted much time to patriotic work. Mr. Gunn is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is connected with all branches of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows except the canton. He is also identified with the Modern Woodmen of America, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is an ardent champion of the cause of education and for twelve years has been an influential member of the Startup school board. For twenty years he has been deputy assessor of Snohomish county, which he has served with rare fidelity, and the reputation that results from duty well performed is his just reward. Honest, unaffected and public-spirited, r. Gunn has won and retained the unqualified esteem of all with whom he has been associated, and his influence upon the life of his community has been of the highest order. CHARLES JOSEPH WITNEY In every community there are men in whom the initiative spirit is the strong and dominant element, and of this type is Charles Joseph Witney, who for more than a quarter of a century has been one of the greatest individual forces in shaping Everett's course along manufacturing lines. He is prominently identified with the iron and steel industries and the success of his undertakings denotes the quality of his mind and his executive capacity. A native of England, he was born in the city of London in 1868 and was but two years old when his parents, Dr. C. and Emma (Gates) Witney, came to the United States. They first located in Chicago, Illinois, and afterward went to St. Paul, Minnesota. For ten years they made their home at Red Wing, that state, and in 1881 journeyed to San Francisco, California. They next settled in Salinas and later moved to Santa Cruz, California, where both passed away. Charles Joseph Witney attended the public schools of Minnesota and California and afterward learned the machinist's trade. He was the proprietor of a shop at Santa Cruz and installed the equipment in the first electric light plant in that city. He afterward went to Oregon and for several years was chief engineer of the Empire City lumber mill, situated on Coos bay. For six years he was in the employ of the Robert Moran Company of Seattle, Washington, and later owned a machine shop in that city. He spent two years in Tacoma, acting as superintendent of the plant of the Puget Sound Iron & Steel Company, and in 1900 came to Everett. He established the Bayside Iron Works, which in 1912 was incorporated as the Bayside Iron Works, Inc., of which he has since been president and manager, and employs twenty-five men. The firm manufactures logging, milling and mining machinery and in connection with the industry maintains a retail hardware store, also catering to the wholesale trade. This is a prosperous concern, conducted on an efficient basis, and its output is essential to the development and utilization of the natural resources 'of this great empire of the Pacific northwest. It has been in continuous and successful operation for twenty-five years under the same management. In 1917 Mr. Witney organized and promoted the United Steel Company, manufacturers of reinforcing steel and merchantable steel bars, and became president and general manager of the company, Jacob Anthes being vice president and secretary, while G. W. Mumaw acts as treasurer. They have a steel rolling mill and make steel bars from steel scrap, of which there is a large supply, using oil and electrical processes to perfect the product. The company has installed new equipment and the plant now has a capacity of fifty tons per day. It furnishes work to forty men and the bars are sold to jobbers and contractors. The business was established in 1923 and enjoyed a rapid growth. Later the company was merged with the Bayside Iron Works. Mr. Witney has a genius for organization and an aptitude for successful management. To the many perplexing problems presented to him for solution he brings the poise and wisdom acquired by years of experience and after hours of close application has ample reserve of strength for those critical emergencies which make the greatest demand on the powers of apprehension and judgment. He was the founder of the Everett Marine Ways, of which he became secretary and treasurer, but is not connected with the business at the present time. He was one of the builders and promoters of the city dock but later disposed of his interest therein, and during 1892-1893 was chief engineer of the Standard Mill at Snohomish. In 1894 Mr. Witney was married to Miss Mary Rosetta Groves, of Akron, Ohio, and they have become the parents of four children: Lorena, the wife of Walter A. Mackey, of Seattle, Waihington; William Leslie, who is attending the Carnegie Institute of Technology at Pitts- CHARLES J. WITNEY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 435 burgh, Pennsylvania; Leland Earl, assistant advertising manager of the sales department of the Hershey Company of Duluth, Minnesota ; and Clara Vera, at home. Mr. Witney is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He has taken the thirty-second degree and is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Order of Red Men. He is an influential member of the Chamber of Commerce and served for eight years on its board of directors. He was chairman of the manufactories and sites committee of that organization and active and successful in securing manufacturing plants for Everett. He is a republican but has never aspired to public office. Mr. Witney is a splendid type of the virile American business man and represents that class of citizens who constitute the bulwark and strength of every locality in which they are found—the natural leaders who erect the guide-posts of progress and success. HENRY OFTEBRO Henry 0 ftebro, residing near Marysville, where he is successfully engaged in dairy f arming, is regarded by his fellow citizens as a man of great energy and marked business ability, for, having started in a modest way, he has forged ahead and is now enjoying a marked degree of prosperity. A native of Norway, his birth occurred on the 11th of October, 1876, and he is a son of Gabriel and Gurene Oftebro, both of whom still live in Norway, where the father follows farming pursuits and also teaches school. Henry Oftebro was reared on the home farm and attended the public schools. In 1893 he emigrated to the United States, locating at Decorah, Iowa, where he was employed as a farm hand for six years. In 1899 he came to Snohomish county and for four years was in the employ of the Stimpson Logging Company. He then returned to Norway, where he was married, and on coming again to this county he bought forty acres of land on the Arlington highway. The land had been logged, but was covered with stumps and brush, about twenty-five acres of which he has cleared and put under cultivation. As he prospered he made substantial improvements on the place, among which is a fine, eight room house, with all modern conveniences, including electric light, telephone and a gravity water system. He also has a good bearing orchard for family use. He gives his chief attention to dairy farming, keeping a herd of good grade Holstein cows, and in all his operations has shown a progressive spirit. On February 25, 1904, Mr. Oftebro was married to Miss Olava Olsen, who was born, reared and educated in Norway, and they are the parents of four children, namely : Gudrun, who operates a beauty parlor in Marysville ; Alice, who works for the Elrek-Buick Company as bookkeeper in Seattle ; Helen, who is a high school graduate ; and Gerald, who is attending school. Mr. Oftebro is a member of the Sons of Norway, Kellogg Marsh Grange, No. 136, of which he has been master for three years, and the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, in the organization of which he took an active part. In his political views he is an independent republican, while his religious connection is with the Lutheran church, of which he is a liberal supporter, as he is of all worthy benevolent enterprises. He takes a marked interest in local educational affairs and has rendered effective service as a member of the school board. Straightforward in all of his relations with those about him, and friendly in manner, he has a wide acquaintance and is numbered among, the leading men of his community. J. J. SHEEHAN Among the men who have in a very definite way contributed to the growth and development of the Lake Stevens district, J. J. Sheehan enjoys well deserved prominence, for as a civil engineer and real estate dealer he has had close personal relations with the major portion of the transactions that have been incidental to the growth of his locality. Mr. Sheehan was born at Whitby, Ontario, on the 7th of March, 1864, and is a son of D. J. and Mary (O'Connor) Sheehan, both of whom are deceased. He was reared on his father's farm and secured his education in the public schools and the Collegiate Institute of Orillia, Ontario. He came to the United States in 1884 and was employed as a civil engineer on the Great Northern Railroad, helping in its construction in Dakota, Montana and Washington. In 1889 he located at Snohomish, where he opened an office as engineer and did a great deal of surveying throughout that section of the county. He served as county surveyor in 18961897, and was in Everett about six years, during a part of which time he was city engineer. Later he was with Rucker Brothers as engineer for several years and then, for about one 436 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY year, was supervisor of Rainier National park, having charge of important construction work. When the Lake Stevens post office was established in 1916 Mr. Sheehan became its first postmaster and acted as such during the Wilson administration. During the past twenty-two years he has lived at Lake Stevens, where he has also been engaged in the real estate and insurance business, in which he has met with very gratifying success, and during this period he has bought and sold a great deal of lake property. He has been a strong and persistent booster for Snohomish county, particularly of the Lake Stevens district, and commands his full share of the local business in his line. On September 30, 1901, Mr. Sheehan married Mrs. Lucenia Stuart Spencer, who died August 9, 1912. On July 25, 1923, he was united in marriage to Miss Erica Sahlbom, of Lake Stevens, who was a teacher by vocation. She is a native of Minnesota and a graduate of the University of Minnesota. Politically the democratic party receives Mr. Sheehan's support and he takes a deep interest in public affairs. He is a member of Everett Lodge, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is held in high esteem. MRS. NORA F. WOOD Mrs. Nora F. Wood is one of the successful business women of northwestern Washington and widely and favorably known as the owner of Wood's Hotel at Silver Lake. She is a native of Kansas City, Kansas, and a daughter of G. H. and Sarah (Prouty) Staves. Her father, who was a well known contractor of Kansas City, passed away in 1923, but her mother is still living. When their daughter Nora was five years old they moved to a small town near Spokane, Washington, and there she attended the public schools. She first married Richard Wynne, with whom she went to Canada, and for five years they were engaged in the hotel business in the province of British Columbia. Her second union was with Fred Wood and in 1912 they removed to Portland, Oregon. For three years they conducted a hotel and restaurant in the Rose city, but in 1915 came to Washington, purchasing the Silver Lake Inn. They changed the name to Wood's Hotel and were associated in its management until 1923, when Mrs. Wood took over the business, which she has since controlled. She has a ten acre tract and has made extensive improvements since acquiring the property. The hotel is comfortable and homelike and contains ten bedrooms. The business is growing rapidly and Mrs. Wood is planning the erection of one room cottages for the accommodation of patrons. There is a large boathouse and a fine bathing beach. A club room in the basement of the hotel is maintained for private parties and every effort is made to supply the needs and anticipate the wishes of guests. Mrs. Wood caters to the tourist trade and to week-end parties and furnishes meals throughout the year. Vaudeville artists on the Pantages circuit are her regular patrons, and in the operation of the business she displays marked executive ability, combined with foresight, initiative and a capacity for detail. She has a highly specialized grasp of the art of hotel keeping and is deserving of much credit for what she has accomplished. She has chosen a vocation well suited to her talents, and her attractive qualities of womanhood have drawn to her a host of steadfast friends. NED J. PELKY I f it be true that what a man accomplishes is the gauge of his success, then Ned J. Pelky must be numbered among the successful farmers of Snohomish county, for since coming to the northwest at a comparatively recent date he has developed a good farm and comfortable home and is now most pleasantly situated. Mr. Pelky is a native of the state of Maine, born on the 7th of May, 1871, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Montreg) Pelky, who were pioneer settlers of the Pine Tree state, and both are now deceased. The son had but slight opportunity for a school education, as he went to work early in life. His first employment was in shingle mills in his native state and he was later similarly employed in Quebec, Canada. He remained in the east until 1893 when he went to Seattle, Washington, where lie remained about a year and then came to Everett. Here he was employed as a millwright in the Shoulder & Smith mill and during his service there he installed the second vertical mill in the country. Later he went to Vancouver, British Columbia, where lie established a shingle mill, which he operated for seven years. He had previously bought nine lots in Marysville, Washington, and in 1904 he went to that place and opened a meat market, which he ran until 1922, when HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 437 he bought twenty acres of land in Sunny-side district, the tract being heavily encumbered with stumps. He has cleared the land, built a good house, and has established a general store and gas and oil station, in the operation of which he is meeting with splendid success. He raises good crops of grain on his land and has a fine patch of berry bushes. He is also giving attention to the chicken business, having a nice flock of laying hens, and in all his efforts here he is showing sound judgment and an indomitable perseverance that are bringing to him well deserved prosperity. In 1901 Mr. Pelky was married to Miss Josephine Graff, who was born in White River, Washington, a daughter of Moose Graff, who took up a homestead where the city of Seattle now stands. To Mr. and Mrs. Pelky have been born three children, Fred, Arthur and Paul. Politically, Mr. Pelky is identified with the republican party, though in local affairs he maintains an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his judgment. A man of earnest purpose and sterling character, he has made a favorable impression on all with whom he has come in contact and enjoys marked popularity throughout his community. JOHN MIHELITCH John Mihelitch was for many years connected with railroad work in various parts of the country but finally turned his attention to the great basic industry of farming, in which he has been successful to a very gratifying degree, so that today he is numbered among the valued citizens of his locality. A native of Austria, he was born on the 4th of June, 1849. He attended the schools of his native land and remained in that country until 1870, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Chicago, where he remained about three months, going from there to St. Joseph, Missouri, where he went to work on a railroad. Later for about ten years he was in the employ of the St. Paul & Minneapolis Railroad, and then went to the Great Northern Railroad. His next employment was with the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad, from which he went to the Sault Ste. Marie line, where he worked until 1886, when he went to Portland, Oregon, and entered the employ of the Oregon & California Railroad. He was afterwards in California with the Southern Pacific and next went to Albuquerque, New Mexico, and to various points in the southwest, including Texas. At Fort Scott, Kansas, he railroaded about two years. In 1889 he returned to the Sault Ste. Marie road and was afterwards with the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad. He then went to Wahpeton, North Dakota, where, in 1891, he took up a homestead. He cultivated that land until 1906, when he sold it and came to Snohomish county, buying ninety acres of timber land north of Marysville. This he cleared and later sold half of it, his present fine farm comprising forty-five acres of well improved and productive land, on which he is spending the sunset years of life in peace and comfort. On November 27, 1888, Mr. Mihelitch was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Naker, who was born in Chicago and whose death occurred in 1923. They had three children: John, who lives on the home place, was married to Miss Ella Phillip and they have four children. William and Katie are in Everett. Politically Mr. Mihelitch gives his support to the republican party. He has been a hard working man during all the active years of his life and is well deserving of the rest and leisure which he is now enjoying. Becauge of his excellent character and his kindly manner, he has long enjoyed the esteem of his fellowmen. KNUTE HUSBY By a life consistent in motive and action and because of his many commendable personal qualities, Knute Husby, a well known farmer of East Stanwood, has earned the sincere regard of all who know him. He comes of a race that has contributed largely to the upbuilding of this locality, for they have possessed that courage and persistency so essential in the opening of a new country and the development of farms from the unbroken forests. Mr. Husby has done his full part in this great task and is now enjoying the legitimate fruits of his former toil, being numbered among the successful and respected citizens of his locality. His birth occurred on the 27th day of September, 1866, in Norway, and he is a son of Erik and Maret Husby, also natives of that country. They came to the United States about 1906, and both are now living in East Stanwood, the father being eighty-four and the mother eighty-seven years of age. They are the parents of seven children, namely : Knute; Dora, deceased; Joseph and Maret, twins ; Lars ; Carl; and Randi. 438 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Knute Husby received a good, practical education in the public schools of his native land and at the age of eleven years started out to make his own way in the world. He followed various occupations until 1885, when he came to the United States, locating in Minnesota. After living there two years, he came to Stanwood, Washington, where he worked as a ranch hand until about 1900, when he bought forty acres of land, now inside the city limits of East Stanwood, it being a part of the Ole Johnson homestead. About three acres of the land had been cleared and Mr. Husby at once built a new house and began clearing the remainder of the land. Since then he has sold sixteen one-acre tracts for home sites, retaining twenty-four acres in the home place. He keeps four good grade cows and raises fine crops of hay. He also has a nice bearing orchard and a good garden. He has made a number of fine improvements on the place, which is now one of the best farms of its size in the locality. On May 28, 1893, Mr. Husby married Miss Louise Gunderson, who was born in South Dakota, a daughter of Peter Gunderson, of whom a sketch appears elsewhere in this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Husby were born six children, namely : Mrs. Bernice Acton, who lives at Bremerton; Mrs. Clara Acton, who has two children, Gwendolyn, born November 4, 1914, and Geraldine, born February 20, 1916 ; Mrs. Myrtle Winkley, who lives in Everett ; Mrs. Nellie Goyette, of Stanwood ; Mrs. Frances Herrigstad, who is the mother of a son, Jerome, born July 9, 1925 ; and Freda, who is a twin sister o f Frances and remains at home. The mother of these children died in 1899. Mr. Husby is a member of Stanwood Lodge No. 50, Ancient Order of United Workmen, and the Sons of Norway. He has taken a good citizen's part in all efforts to advance the best interests of the community, supporting all measures for the betterment of the public welfare, and has been generous in his support of all benevolent causes. He is a friend to all men and is held in high esteem among his fellow citizens. ALEXANDER McK. VIERHUS Alexander McK. Vierhus, a veteran of the World war, is now devoting his energies to the practice of law, maintaining his home in Everett, and measures up in full to the requirements of the profession. He was born January 2, 1891, in Langdon, North Dakota, and is a son of George and Bella (McKenzie) Vierhus, who came to Everett, Washington, in 1907, his father becoming well known as a contractor and builder. Alexander McK. Vierhus received his early education in his native state and completed a course in the Everett high school and he studied law in the University of Washington. He enlisted in the United States army and was assigned to duty with the engineers corps. In August, 1917, he went to France with the American Expeditionary Force and remained overseas until 1919. After his honorable discharge Mr. Vierhus was in the employ of the Alaska Steamship Company for a short time, working in the Seattle office, and after his admission to the bar he followed his profession for a brief period in that city. He has since been a resident of Everett and is engaged in the general practice of law. He is an able attorney with a thorough understanding of the principles of jurisprudence, and his business in the courts is rapidly increasing in volume and importance. In 1921 Mr. Vierhus married Miss Valentine Alexya Savelieve, an emigre from Russia, and to this union has been born a daughter, Pauline. Mr. Vierhus is liberal in his political views. He is a member of the American Legion, the Masons, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Woodmen of the World, and also is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Bar Associations and Alpha Sigma Phi, general college fraternity. Mr. Vierhus is a young man of strong character, endowed with keen powers of perception, and is rapidly advancing in a most exacting profession. WILLIAM H. YOUNG William H. Young of the mercantile firm of Young Brothers, grocers at Sultan, and one of the well known, energetic and progressive merchants of Snohomish county, is a son of Daniel and Sophie (Kropf ) Young, who came to Washington with their family from Newark, New Jersey, in 1892 and located at Sultan, where Daniel Young long followed his trade of carpentering and building and in that capacity did a valuable work in the improvement of the now flourishing village of Sultan. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 439 Reared at Sultan, William H. Young was educated in the local schools and his interests have ever centered in and about his home town. In October, 1921, he and his brother, Fred R. Young, concerning whom further mention is made elsewhere in this work, associated themselves in business together at Sultan, under the firm name of Young Brothers, and have since been proprietors of a well stocked and thoroughly up-to-date grocery store, with resources ample to meet all the demands of the trade in the fine trade area centering at Sultan. Mr. Young is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and takes a proper interest in the activities of the local lodge of that popular fraternal organization. In August, 1915, Mr. Young was united in marriage to Miss Hilda Wolter, who was born in North Dakota, and to this union four children have been born : Vivian, Billie, Marie A. (deceased) and Douglas. The Youngs have a pleasant home at Sultan and have ever taken an interested part in the general social activities of the community. Mr. Young is recognized as a progressive business man and he and his brother are held in high regard in general commercial circles throughout the county. MISS LYDIA T. BEDELL Though it is the exception for women to turn their attention to agricultural pursuits, it has been abundantly proven by Miss Lydia T. Bedell that a woman is fully capable of initiat-ing•and carrying on to complete success three important phases of farm work—field crops, live stock and fruit—and so pronounced has been the splendid success which she has attained that she is looked upon as one of the most capable and efficient farmers in the locality. Miss Bedell was born in New York city and is a daughter of William E. and Jennie Bedell, also natives of that city, where their deaths occurred. She was reared by her parents and secured a good public school education, after which she entered New York University, where she was graduated. In 1907, she, with a sister and an uncle, Mr. Kingman, came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought fifty acres of land where she now lives. Miss Bedell still owns the farm and has made many substantial improvements on it, including a modern and attractive house, together with a garage and other necessary farm buildings. She has a fine orchard, the planting of which was done under her direction, and which includes apple, pear, plum and peach trees, all now in bearing, and she also has a fine variety of small fruits and is proud of her fine grove of walnut trees, also in full bearing. Miss Bedell makes a specialty of the raising of red Duroc Jersey hogs. She has devoted herself closely to the development of her farm and deserves great credit for what she has accomplished and is still doing. She has a host of loyal and devoted friends throughout her section of the county and is held in the highest respect by all who know her. EDWARD EUGENE GARNER Among the influential citizens of. Snohomish county the records of whose lives have become an essential part of the history of this locality stands Edward Eugene Garner. His chief characteristics are keenness of perception, a tireless energy and every-day common sense, which have enabled him not only to advance his own interests but also to contribute to the advancement of the community. Mr. Garner was born in King county, Washington, on the 2nd of April, 1890, and is a son of Maurice Eugene and Annie C. (Cain) Garner. The paternal grandfather was Alfonso Garner, who moved to Iowa in 1856, being one of the earliest settlers at Mason City. The father was born at Galena, Illinois, in 1852, and in 1868 moved to Kansas with his parents, who took up a homestead there. He freighted by team to Indian Territory and other points in the west, and in 1881 went to Colorado, where he remained until 1884, when he and his father came to the northwest, making their way to Seattle, Washington. Maurice E. Garner was an early settler in King county, Washington, and followed railroading during practically all of his mature life, but is now retired and is living in Everett. He was twice married, first to Miss Amy Roberts, a native of Kansas, who died in Pueblo, Colorado. To that union was born a son, Arthur R., who now lives in Everett. In 1882 Mr. Garner was married to Annie C. Cain, who was the first white child born in Denver. She was the daughter of James Cain, a noted buffalo hunter of early days and a pioneer settler in Denver, and she herself killed buffaloes. By his second union Mr. Garner became the father of three children now living, namely : Mrs. Violet Askell, of Los Angeles, California, who has two children ; Edward E. ; and Elmer, of Everett. 440 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Edward E. Garner secured a good public school education and in 1908 came to Everett, where for about a year he was employed at the carpenter's trade. In 1909 he went to work for Joseph Larama, who had the first automobile repair shop here, and later, from 1910 to 1915, was with the Everett Auto Company. In 1916 and part of 1917 he was shop foreman for the Chalmers Distributing Company at Seattle, and in December, 1917, enlisted as a mechanic in the United States air service, in which he remained until the close of the war. Since the spring of 1919 he has been in the automobile repair business for himself at Everett. He met with such encouraging success that in March, 1924, he erected a building of his own at 2710 Broadway, where he is now prepared to handle anything in the way of repairs to cars or trucks, as well as anything in the way of machine work. In 1915 he established a course in automobile repairing in the Everett high school and served as instructor for two years. On February 1, 1915, Mr. Garner was married to Miss Sophie Mockenhaupt, who was born in Minnesota, and they now have two children, Alma and Erma. Mr. Garner is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion, while in his political views he is aligned with the republican party. He has faithfully endeavored to perform his full duty in all the relations of life, being true to himself, his community and his country, and he has shown all the essential elements of good citizenship. He is generous in his support of all worthy causes and stands for all that is best in community life. Genial and kindly in all his social relations, he has won a myriad of friends throughout this section of the county and by the people generally he is held in high esteem. JOHN E. YOST Conspicuous among the active and progressive business men of Edmonds stands John E. Yost, who for a number of years has been closely identified with commercial affairs of the community and who has contributed generously of his efforts toward the upbuilding and progress of the city. He was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, on the 30th of August, 1881, and is a son of Allen M. and Amanda C. (Roth) Yost, also natives of that state. The father was born January 19, 1856, a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Dechler) Yost, who were natives of the Keystone state. In 1890 Allen M. Yost came to Edmonds, Washington, where he became identified with a number of important business enterprises and was influential in local public affairs. He served as mayor of Edmonds, was for several years a member of the city council, and also rendered effective service as a member of the school board. John E. Yost received a good education in the public schools and then became associated with his father in the lumber and shingle business. In March, 1909, he became a retail dealer in lumber and building material, in which business he met with very gratifying success and is still the manager of the company. He is a director and vice president of the A. M. Yost estate, and a director and vice president of the Edmonds Spring Water Company. He is an energetic and progressive man, possesses business judgment of a high order and is held in high regard by his business associates. On March 21, 1906, Mr. Yost was united in marriage to Miss Georgia P. Ritenour, a daughter of Charles H. and Phoebe Ritenour. To this union have been born four children, as follows : Gladys P., who was graduated from the Edmonds high school in 1925; and Charles H., Vesta R. and Grace C., all now in high school. Mr. Yost has taken a deep interest in the progress and upbuilding of Edmonds and has served as treasurer of the Chamber of Commerce sixteen years. He is a man of pleasing address, has been true and loyal in every relation of life and is held in the highest esteem by all who know him. PETER HANSEN Peter Hansen, who is one of the best known farmers in the northwestern part of Snohomish county, was not favored by inherited wealth or the assistance of influential friends, but by his own industry, perseverance and wise economy, he has attained a comfortable station in life. While he has labored earnestly for his own advancement, he has always been vigilant in his efforts to forward the general interests of the community and has attained a high place in the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens, who appreciate his genuine worth. Mr. Hansen is a native of Denmark, born in 1859, and was educated in the public schools of his native land. While still a boy he went to sea and followed that vocation until landing HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 441 at San Francisco, California, in the early '80s, when he quit his ship and for a few years lived in that state. He then went to Oregon, where he resided until 1887, when he came to Seattle, Washington. For a few years he followed steamboating on Puget Sound and then, in the fall of 1890, removed to Stanwood, Snohomish county, where in partnership with his brother, Lars Hansen, he bought eighty acres of land adjoining what is now the town of East Stanwood. A few years later the brothers divided the property and Peter took possession of his forty acres, on which he built a good house, where lie moved, and then began clearing the land. He planted a nice orchard, made many substantial improvements on the place and in the course of time developed it into a splendid farm, on which he has lived to the present time. He now gives some attention to dairying and raises hay, vegetables and fruit. He has had a long and honorable career, and the success which has crowned his efforts has been well earned. On May 2, 1889, Mr. Hansen was married to Miss Hannah Jespersen, who also is a native of Denmark, where her parents, Jens and Elsie Jespersen, spent their lives, the father dying there when ninety-eight years of age, and the mother when ninety-six years. They were the parents of three children, Hannah, Jesper and Annie. To Mr. and Mrs. Hansen have been born six children, namely : Arthur H., who is unmarried and remains at home ; Percival H., who is married and has a son, Clinton ; James J., who also is married ; Mrs. Mary Farnsworth, who has a son, James ; Lewis, who is married and has four daughters, Dorothy, Lois I., June and Virginia ; and Elsie, who is a graduate nurse and now lives in Seattle. All of the children were given the benefit of good educations. In 1921 Arthur Hansen began the raising of bulbs and potted plants, at first in a small way, but was successful in finding a ready market for all that he could raise, and his business has expanded to such an extent that he is now planning to build two large greenhouses and go into the business on a larger scale. Mr. Hansen has kept the larger part of his land in its original wild state, and the place would make a beautiful park, being splendidly situated on a plateau above the town. It is densely wooded with Douglas and balsam fir and many other species of trees and is a delightful spot. In all that constitutes true manhood and good citizenship Mr. Hansen has been a worthy example, and none stands higher than he in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. JOHN B. HANSEN John B. Hansen, the owner of the Everett Furniture Company, is a native of Denmark, his birth occurring on the 28th of September, 1847. He attended school during his early boyhood days and in 1859, when twelve years of age, lie emigrated to the United States with an uncle. They landed at Galveston, Texas, where the uncle died of yellow fever soon after their arrival. Thus thrown upon his own resources at a tender age and in a strange land, unacquainted even with. the language, he was placed in a distressing situation. But the boy had courage and determination and, in company with another boy, he went to Iowa, where he obtained work as a farm hand. In 1862, at the time of the Civil war, he was employed in driving government teams through Kansas and other western states. He served faithfully until the close of the war and then resumed his farm work in Iowa, for which he received fifty cents a day. Later he went to New Mexico and worked in the mines for a time, but finally returned to Iowa, where he rented a farm, which he operated about a year. He went to Deer Lodge, Montana, in 1868, and for a few years freighted and worked in the placer mines. He then went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he remained until 1898, being engaged in a number of business enterprises, running a grocery store, a wholesale meat business and a furniture business. In 1898 he sold his interests there and came to Everett, Washington, where he engaged in the furniture business, to which line he has devoted himself continuously since. He is now owner of the Everett Furniture Company, one of the largest and most substantial furniture houses in this section of the state. As the business grew, he was compelled to seek larger quarters and to meet the demand for space, built the present fine building, fifty by one hundred and forty feet in size and two stories high at 2817-19 Hoyt avenue, where he carries a large and complete line of furniture and house furnishings of all descriptions. Through sound business judgment and fair dealing, he has built up an enormous business and is enjoying a well merited prosperity. Twenty years ago he bought what was known as the Peckwood place located on Sunnyside road, now on Pacific highway, and now all cleared and under cultivation. Mr. Hansen married Miss Margaret Larson, who died in 1894. This union was blessed by the birth of five children, namely : Mary, deceased ; Emma, who is the wife of Dr. DeLaverne, and they have resided in Fairbanks, Alaska, for the past fifteen years ; Amanda, who is a 442 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY trained nurse in Seattle ; Lawrence, a veteran of the World war, who is married and lives in Seattle ; and Margaret, who died in 1914. Mr. Hansen is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which order he has attained the degree of a Knights Templar, and he is also a member of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, to which he has belonged for twenty years ; and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Politically he gives his support to the democratic party and is interested in all public affairs relating in any way to the welfare and prosperity of his community. Personally, he is a man of strong individuality and courteous manner, enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the county and has a host of warm and loyal friends, who esteem him for genuine worth as a man and citizen. HARRY G. BROWER As one of the elderly citizens of Snohomish county, and a man whose life has been one of signal usefulness and honor in his community, Harry G. Brower is eminently entitled to mention among the other representative men of the county, for while he has labored indefatigably through the years for the advancement of his material affairs, he has at the same time always stood ready to identify himself with all movements for the upbuilding of the locality in which he lives. Mr. Brower was born in La Salle county, Illinois, in 1856, and is a son of Ireneas and Mary J. (Green) Brower, the former of whom was a native of New York state and the latter of Ohio. They were married in the latter state and in the '30s moved to Illinois, taking up a homestead six miles north of Ottawa. They were pioneers of that locality, settling on the actual frontier, and our subject's brother and sister were compelled to go seven miles to the nearest school. The father built a log cabin, which sheltered the family for a number of years, but it was eventually replaced by a larger and more comfortable house. He created a good farm and there he and his wife spent the remaining years of their lives. To them were born four children, of whom our subject and a sister are still living. Harry G. Brower was reared on the home farm and secured a good education in the public schools, followed by a year's attendance at Chicago University. He then followed farming on the homestead and ran a threshing machine during the fall seasons. In 1902 Mr. Brower came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought one hundred and sixty acres of land near Bothell, to the clearing and improvement of which he closely devoted himself through the following years, until today he has a valuable and productive farm. He has a nice set of buildings, all of the improvements indicating him to be a man of good judgment and discrimination. He has a splendid orchard, embracing a large variety of fruits, and now in the golden sunset years of his life he is able to take things more leisurely, enjoying the reward of his labors. In 1884 Mr. Brower was united in marriage to Miss Clara F. Kagy, who is a daughter of Aaron and Eliza (Mauk) Kagy, the father a native of Ohio and the mother of Virginia. The family moved to Illinois but later went to York, Nebraska, where Mr. Kagy's death occurred and where Mrs. Kagy is still living at the advanced age of ninety-eight years. To them were born eight children, four of whom are living. Though no children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Brower, they have reared and educated two, giving them the same care and attention that children of their own would have received. Mrs. Brower is a member of the International Bible Students. A man of industry, honor and public spirit, Mr. Brower has at all times stood for the best things in community life and is regarded as one of the leading citizens of his locality. LOUIS S. GOLDSTIEN Louis S. Goldstien, of Everett, needs no introduction to the readers of this work, for he is a well known business man of this section of the state owning and successfully conducting a store under the name of the Eastern Outfitting Company. He is widely and favorably known and has had a most interesting career, not without its dramatic chapters, for he has passed through experiences which if told in detail would fill a volume. However, throughout all the vicissitudes of his career he has lived a consistent and purposeful life and today enjoys the confidence and good will of all who know him. Mr. Goldstien, a native of Russia, was born on the 4th of April, 1877, and is a son of Jacob and Goldie Goldstien. In 1884, when he was but seven years of age, the family emigrated to the United States and located in North Dakota, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 443 where the father took up a homestead about thirty miles north of Bismarck. Here the family, living in a sod hut, suffered many hardships, for they were pioneers in their locality, and were harassed by Indians and denied most of the comforts of life, until finally after struggling for four and a half years, the father left the land, without even trying to sell it, and went to Portland, Oregon. In that city his death occurred and there the mother still lives. Louis S. Goldstien had but meager opportunity for securing an education for it became necessary for him to contribute to the support of the family. He early diSplayed pluck and courage and his first employment as a newsboy showed the stuff of which he was made, for he won a gold medal as the champion newsboy of the west. Industrious and steady, making good use of every minute, lie was in the course of time enabled to pay for his father's home. At the same time he took all of a boy's delight in athletics and other sports and became the champion swimmer, bicycle rider and runner of his locality. Thus early in life he evinced that characteristic which has ruled every act of his life—he did thoroughly and well whatever he undertook to do. He was the organizer of the Newsboys' Home in Portland and took an active interest in everything with which he came into contact. Later Mr. Goldstien learned the barber's trade and eventually established a shop of his own, having seven chairs. Afterward he turned his attention to the laundry business, which he successfully ran for a time, but was induced to go on the stage as a comedian, in which capacity he traveled over the vaudeville circuits of the country from coast to coast. He was an accomplished musician, playing practically all instruments, and his comic musical act was one of the best on the circuit, being greatly in demand. Later, leaving the stage, Mr. Goldstien became an auctioneer and window demonstrator. Also while in the east he became a beauty specialist, in which work he had taken a thorough course of instruction, and he ran a high-class beauty parlor for some time. As an auctioneer he was in a class by himself and made a large amount of money in that line. Later he was engaged in opening branch stores for Adelberry & Berman, of New York, and after establishing stores in a number of cities he became manager of their big store at Allentown, Pennsylvania. In 1910 Mr. Goldstien came to Everett and opened the Eastern Outfitting Company's store here, of which he became manager, and four years later he bought the store, which he is still conducting. He carries a large and complete line of ladies' ready-to-wear clothes and goes to New York twice a year to buy his stock. By courtesy, accommodation and fair dealing, he has gained public confidence and has built up a large and steadily increasing business, being now numbered among the leading merchants of this city. In 1899 Mr. Goldstien was married to Miss Sarah E. Wolf, of Portland, Oregon, who is a native of England. He is a member of the Foresters of America and of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, and in his political views is an independent republican, voting according to his judgment as to men and measures. He is eminently public-spirited and every movement for the advancement of the city's best interests finds in him a warm and earnest supporter. One interesting experience in Mr. Goldstien's career was when "The Mysterious Raffles," an actor who posed as a thief, stealing from people and offering a reward to the person who should capture him, was taken into custody by Mr. Goldstien. "Raffles" was a man who never laughed, but he succeeded in making him laugh, and thereby won fifty dollars. A man of strong and forceful personality, Mr. Goldstien has made a deep impress on the community, and by his splendid business ability, his fine public spirit and his genial and friendly manlier, he has won and retains to a marked degree the confidence and good will of all who know him. NELS K. NES JE It is a well attested maxim that the greatness of the state lies not in the machinery of the government or even in its institutions but in the sterling qualities of the individual citizens, in their capacity for high and unselfish effort and endeavor and their devotion to the public good. To this class belongs N. K. Nesje, one of the enterprising farmers and progressive citizens of the vicinity of Stanwood. Although an American by adoption only, he has been most loyal to our national institutions and his influence for good has been felt throughout his community, for he has at all times been actuated by the highest motives and his record is such as to gain for him the confidence of his fellow citizens. Mr. Nesje was born in Norway on the 14th of August, 1867, and is a son of Kolben and Kari (Larsdatter) Fosues, both of whom were natives of that country, where they passed away. They were farming people and were thi parents of four children, namely : N. K., Mrs. Martha K. Anderson, Mrs. Kari K. Nesje, and Christian K., deceased. Nels K. Nesje was educated in the public schools of his home land, and was reared on his father's farm, where he remained until 1885, when, at the age of eighteen years, he emi- 444 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY grated to the United States. He first located in Minnesota, but later was employed at railroad work in Wisconsin and the Dakotas for five years. In 1890 he came to Stanwood, Washington, and for about a year worked in the mill at Utsaladdy. For several years thereafter he was employed at various occupations, working on farms and in the woods, and in 1894 he became foreman for Cobb & Haley's logging camp at Port Susan, where he remained five years. In 1899 he bought twenty acres of land two miles east of Stanwood and began its development. The land was covered with timber, stumps and brush and there were no roads in his locality. He built a small house and then began clearing the land, a proposition involving a vast amount of the hardest labor. In the course of time he succeeded and now all of the land is under cultivation and the place has been improved until it is now one of the choice farms of that locality. Mr. Nesje devotes his land mainly to hay and pasture and keeps seven good grade cows. He has been untiring in his efforts and the general appearance of the place indicates him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. On December 22, 1898, Mr. Nesje was married to Miss Christina Erdahl, who is a native of Iowa, the daughter of Kolben and Malena (Fure) Erdahl, both of whom were natives of Norway. Mr. Erdahl came to the United States in 1873 and settled in Iowa, where he homesteaded forty acres of land. He conducted farming operations there until 1886, when he came to Washington and bought twenty acres of land near Cedarhome, all of which was covered with timber and brush. He cleared this land and farmed it for several years, when he sold it and bought forty acres near by. He had cleared about half of that tract at the time of his death in 1910. He is survived by his widow, who is now eighty-two years of age. They were parents of three children, Christina (Mrs. Nesje), and Clement and Colben, both of whom are deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Nesje have been born three children, namely : Mrs. Cora Kjelstad, who is the mother of a son, Nels, who was born on January 25, 1926; Mrs. Minnie Stangeland ; and Esther, born January 26, 1913, and now in school. Mr. Nesje has always taken a keen interest in the progress and improvement of his locality and rendered effective and appreciated service as road foreman in this county fourteen years, during which time he built many miles of good road and thus contributed greatly to the progress of the community. He is a man of good business judgment, energetic in his methods, and public-spirited in his support of all measures for the betterment of the public welfare. For these reasons, as well as for his cordial and friendly manner, he has long held a high place in public esteem and his friends are many. WINFIELD SCOTT MELENDY Handicapped by many difficulties in his youth, Winfield Scott Melendy has risen superior to circumstances, bending them to his will. The strength of his character, the keenness of his intellect and the force of his personality have brought him to the fore in business circles of Everett, and he is now numbered among the most successful insurance men in Snohomish county. A son of Henry Jonathan and Ellen Louise (Messenger) Melendy, he was born September 29, 1880, and is a native of Chicago, Illinois. His mother was born in Vermont and is now living in New York city. The father was a native of Massachusetts and a well known manufacturer of boots and shoes. W. S. Melendy attended the public schools until he was fifteen years of age, when he was thrown upon his own resources, owing to the death of his father, and he supported the family by driving a milk wagon. He worked sixteen hours per day and received a salary of ten dollars per week. He was next connected with constructioh operations in the middle west and worked for a time on a pile driver. He came to Everett in June, 1906, and entered the employ of Alexander Thompson, who was engaged in that line of activity. In 1912 Mr. Melendy obtained a position with the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and soon demonstrated his ability as a salesman. He advanced rapidly and in 1923 became district agent for the West Coast Life Insurance Company. He is one of the most efficient and valuable representatives of that corporation, and his district covers Island and Snohomish counties. In October, 1924, in association with E. E. Messenger and E. A. Davis, he embarked in the general insurance business and is the senior member of the firm. Their main offices are in the Hodges building in Everett, and they have also established a branch, which is located in the Dexter Horton building of Seattle. Mr. Melendy is an executive of more than average ability and has built up one of the largest general insurance businesses in the county. He is widely recognized as an authority on matters relating thereto and originated the idea that ten per cent of a man's gross income should be invested in life insurance, which is today a basic principle of the underwriter's work. In 1909 Mr. Melendy was united in marriage to Miss Grace Anna Corwin, of New York, WINFIELD S. MELENDY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 447 and both are prominent in the social life of Everett. Mr. Melendy is a republican but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. He is past president of the Snohomish County Underwriters Association. He has been president of the local aerie of Eagles and is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. He is a member of the Scottish Rite and has filled many important offices in the order, of which he is an exemplary representative. He is a past master of Peninsular Lodge, No. 95, F. & A. M.; high priest of Everett Chapter, No. 24, R. A. M.; a past master of Everett Council, No. 8, R. &. S. M. ; and junior grand deacon of the •Grand Lodge of the state of Washington. The exercise of effort has developed his latent talents, and his life record proves what may be accomplished by the man who has the courage to dare and the will to do. Mr. Melendy is admired by his business associates and esteemed for the qualities which have made possible his success. SWAN ANDERSON Many of the most enterprising, industrious and progressive citizens of Snohomish county are of Swedish birth and the county is largely indebted to them for the high measure of prosperity and advancement it now enjoys. Among this number is Swan Anderson, living near Bothell, who was born in Sweden on the 20th of July, 1861, a son of Ander Swanson. He was reared under the paternal roof and secured a good education in the public schools. He then engaged in sailing and fishing, following the sea during the greater part of the time until 1888, when, in the hope of finding a better field for individual advancement, he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Connecticut, where he remained about a year, and then came to Seattle, Washington, where he was married and then moved to his wife's farm near Bothell. Here he has devoted himself indefatigably to the operation of the place, in which he has shown good judgment and has met with excellent success. He is carrying on dairy farming, keeping nineteen good grade cows of mixed breeds, and he also has a nice flock of chickens. He keeps the farm up-to-date in every respect and enjoys an excellent reputation as a farmer and citizen. In 1894 Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Mrs. Matilda Halgren, who was the widow of Lars Halgren, both of them being natives of Sweden. Mr. and Mrs. Halgren were married in that country and, with two children, came to the United States in June, 1888. They proceeded at once to Snohomish county and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, to the clearing and improvement of which Mr. Halgren devoted himself until his death. They became the parents of the following children: Oscar, Laura, Mrs. Watts, of Seattle ; Andrew, and Ida. To Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have been born three children, Fred, Ned, and A. D. Three of the Halgren boys were in the World war but came through without injury. Mrs. Anderson had proved up on the homestead before her second marriage and has shown herself a very capable farmer and business woman. Mr. Anderson is a republican in his political views and takes a good citizen's interest in public affairs, particularly such as relate in any way to the welfare or progress of his community. He served six years as road supervisor and has also been a member of the local school board, in both of which positions he discharged his duties in an able manner. Because of his splendid record he has gained and retains the respect and good will of all who know him. A. M. OLINGER A. M. Olinger is a worthy representative of the American character, whose progressive spirit promotes public good and conserves popular interests while advancing individual prosperity, and through a career of earnest endeavor and indomitable industry he has gained and retains to a notable degree the esteem and respect of his fellow citizens. Mr. Olinger was born in Peru, Miami county, Indiana, in 1858, and is a son of Albert and Mary (Banks) Olinger. In 1875 the family came to Salem, Oregon, where the father engaged in the building business as a contractor up to the time of his death. The mother also has passed away. After A. M. Olinger completed his education in the public schools, he learned the cabinet making trade and worked with his father until 1888, when he came to Port Townsend, Washington, where he was employed for a time. Later he lived in Spokane, where he had a cabinet shop and followed the same line of work until 1900, when he came to Everett. Two years later he established a cabinet shop at 2917 Grand avenue and has since enjoyed a fine trade. He employs three skilled workmen as assistants and they construct 448 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY fine office furniture and fixtures, their work being characterized by originality of design and artistic skill that has created a steady and constant demand for all the pieces that they can turn out. Mr. Olinger has been a hard worker all his life, thoroughly enjoys his vocation and takes a justifiable pride in the output of his shop. On January 19, 1885, Mr. Olinger was married to Miss Anna Javens, who is a native of Oregon. Her parents, Henson and Tryhosa (Witten) Javens, crossed the plains in 1866, Mr. Javens being captain of the train. They first located in California, where they remained two years, but in 1868 removed to Salem, Oregon, where they spent the remainder of their lives, their original home there still being in possession o f the family. To Mr. and Mrs. Olinger have been born three children, namely : Robert J., who lives in Tacoma, Washington; Lucretia, who is at home ; and Albert, who resides in Santa Barbara, California. Mr. Olinger is a member of the Woodmen of the World, and in political affairs he gives his allegiance to the democratic party. JAMES HEADRICK Each step in the career of James Headrick has been a forward one, bringing him a broader outlook and wider opportunities, and his industry and ability have placed him with Sultan's leading business men. He was born in 1889 and is a native of Marshall county, Minnesota. His parents, James and Dora (Hicks) Headrick, migrated to the Pacific coast in 1901, settling in Oregon, and both have passed away. The son received a public school education and filled various positions in Oregon. He was afterward employed in lumber camps of Snohomish county, Washington, working under H. 0. Seifert for about three years, and in 1906 entered the service of Mr. Startup at Sultan. Mr. Headrick has since been logging superintendent for the Sultan Lumber Company and is one of the most competent and valuable representatives of the firm. He has a thorough understanding of the lumber industry and ably directs the labors of the men under his charge. At Sultan, Washington, in 1906, Mr. Headrick married Alice, daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth Banta, who were early settlers of Oregon. They afterward came to Washington, casting in their lot with the pioneer farmers of the Sultan district. The father is now retired but Mrs. Banta is deceased. By a previous marriage Mrs. Headrick has a son, Henry. Mr. and Mrs. Headrick have a family of four children : Earl, Willard, Alice and Louis. Mr. Headrick belongs to the local lodge of Odd Fellows, and his wife is connected with the Rebekahs. He is also identified with the Modern Woodmen of America, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has served on the school board and champions every project destined to prove of benefit to Sultan and its citizens. He is loyal to every cause which he espouses and faithful to every duty and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen. NELS C. HANSEN Few farmers of northwestern Snohomish county have met with more encouraging success than Nels C. Hansen, who is one of those strong, sturdy characters who has contributed so largely to the material welfare of the community. He follows modern and up-to-date farmer methods and his industry is unfaltering. Mr. Hansen was born in Denmark on the 28th of September, 1864, and is a son of Hans and Anne Sorensen, both of whom also were natives of that country, where they both died. The father was a farmer by occupation. To him and his wife were born ten children, namely : Soren, deceased ; Ellen, Mattie, Christina, Peter, N. C., Marie, John, Dorothea and Sena. Nels C. Hansen received his educational training in the public schools of his native land and was reared to the life of a farmer. He remained at home until 1886, when he emigrated to the United States, locating in Michigan, where for three years he was employed in sawmills. In 1889 he went to Tacoma, Washington, and for a while was employed there at various lines of work. He then went to the lumber woods and for a time cut wood. In 1893 he made a brief visit to his native land and returned in the midst of the great panic of that year, when work was extremely scarce. He then came to Everett and was engaged in cutting shingle bolts until 1898, when he removed to Sultan and went into the logging business, in which he was engaged four years, after which, in 1902, he went to Pilchuck and followed the same business until 1910. He then bought eighty acres of land between HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 449 Stanwood and Silvana, on the Pacific highway, of which only a small part had been cleared, but it contained a fine set of farm buildings. He now has forty acres of the land cleared, comprising the bottom land, which is very fertile and productive, and which he keeps in excellent cultivation. He has a herd of twenty-five good grade cows, Guernseys and Jerseys, and has been very successful in the dairy business. His principal crops are oats and hay, the remaining land being fine pasture. In 1902 Mr. Hansen had bought ' eighty acres on the Pilchuck, all of which was covered with heavy timber, which he cut off, and there made his home for seven years. He still owns that tract. In 1893 Mr. Hansen cleared the site for the first brick yard and the first power plant in Everett. On November 6, 1902, Mr. Hansen was married to Mrs. Minnie (Shafrona) Kager, who was born at Lima, Ohio, a daughter of Samuel and Margaret Shafrona, also natives of the Buckeye state. They were the parents of three children, namely : Mrs. Mary Jameson, who lives at White Bluff, Washington ; Clinton, deceased, and Minnie. The parents died when Mrs. Hansen was quite young and she was reared by her aunt, Mrs. Sherwood, near Sultan, Washington, to which place she came in 1889. In 1897 she became the wife of Edward Kager, to which union were born two children, Wendell, deceased, and Mrs. Gladys Masel1i, who has a daughter, Helen, born September 21, 1926. To Mr. and Mrs. Hansen have been born four children, namely : Mrs. Anna Skorstad, born in 1905, who is the mother of two sons, Lawrence Wendell, born May 30, 1924 ; and Leonard Allan, May 15, 1926 ; Ada, born March 16, 1908, who died April 23, 1914 ; Mary, born April 22, 1910, now in high school at Stanwood; and N. C., born August 7, 1912, who died April 24, 1915. Mr. Hansen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of Silvana Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. He is a man .of splendid business ability, fine public spirit and kindly and generous in his attitude towards all worthy causes. Genial and friendly in all his social relations, he has a host of acquaintances throughout this section of the county and by all is held in the highest confidence and esteem because of his genuine worth as a man and citizen. HALVOR P. HUSBY Halvor P. Husby, an honored pioneer and retired agriculturist of Snohomish county, still resides on his farm of ninety-two acres near Norman, where he has lived continuously for more than four decades. His birth occurred in Norway on the 5th of April, 1859, his parents being Peter Welseth and Magnhild Husby, who were lifelong residents of that country. Throughout his active business career the father devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits on an extensive scale. His family numbered eleven children, as follows : Mrs. Gertrude Sather, living in Norway ; Gunder, deceased ; Erik ; Steiner ; Halvor P., of this review ; Ingeborg ; Mrs. Ildred Lovo ; Henrik, who is deceased ; Arnt ; John.; and Magnhild. Halvor P. Husby acquired his education as a public school pupil of his native country and after putting aside his textbooks assisted his father in the operation of the home ranch until he had attained the age of twenty-two years. It was in 1881 that he emigrated to the United States, locating first at Stockton, California, where he remained for a period of eighteen months. In the fall of 1882 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and purchased a relinquishment to one hundred and sixty acres lying one mile north of Norman—a heavily timbered tract of cedar and spruce trees. There were no roads, the only means of bringing supplies from Stanwood being by canoe, and mail reached him but once a week. Two cows that he brought with him when he settled on the claim were nearly lost before reaching their destination. Several years elapsed before wagon roads were constructed. Mr. Husby erected a small cabin of split cedar and began cutting down the trees on his place, which at the present time is practically all cleared. He has sold a part of the ranch, now owning ninety-two acres of the original quarter section. In 1898 he built a substantial barn, eighty-two by seventy-four feet with large capacity for hay, while two years later he erected an attractive new residence. His farm is principally devoted to the raising of hay and grain, and he also keeps about thirty-five good grade Guernsey cows as well as pure bred registered bulls. Halvor P. Husby is a member of the Dairymen's Association. He was actively engaged in farming pursuits until 1923, when he leased the ranch to his son Peter, but he still makes his home thereon. In addition to his agricultural interests he became a factor in financial affairs as one of the organizers of the State Bank of East Stanwood, of which he served as a director for fifteen years. In 1883 Mr. Husby was united in marriage to Annie Helseth, a native of Norway and a daughter of Gunder and Maret Helseth, who came to the United States about 1869 and settled first in South Dakota. The year 1880 witnessed the arrival of the family in Wash- 450 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ington. Mr. Helseth purchased a farm at Stanwood, where he continued to reside until called to his final rest in 1886. He was long survived by his widow, who passed away about 1906. Their family numbered four children. Mr. and Mrs. Husby also became the parents of four children, as follows : Gunder, born December 21, 1884, who is married and has four children—Agnes, Gordon, Junie and Helge ; Peter, whose birth occurred August 31, 1886, and who operates his father's ranch ; Magnus, who died on the 22d of October, 1888; and Agnes, who was born December 19, 1890, and passed away in 1892. Peter Husby, who has managed the home farm since 1923, is a graduate of the law department of the University of Washington and was a successful practicing attorney of Everett for seven years. He believes in modern, up-to-date methods of agriculture, is now remodeling the barns on the Husby place and is installing the latest conveniences. He is also active as an apiarist, handling bees quite profitably. His mother, Mrs. Annie (Helseth) Husby, departed this life on the 14th of February, 1891, her death being the occasion of deep and widespread regret. Halvor P. Husby is a member of no political party, preferring to vote for the man whom he deems best fitted to fill the office. His influence has at all times been exerted in behalf of good roads projects and he has also rendered service to the school board as one of its active members. A contemporary biographer said of Mr. Husby : "He is one of the prosperous and influential citizens of the region, possessing the good will and respect of all with whom he is associated. Moreover, he is numbered among the hardy pioneers of Snohomish county whose brave endurance of the manifold hardships and dangers of those early days has made possible the splendid growth and development of today." ELI JAH CLEMENTS LEACH, M. D. Well equipped by natural ability and liberal collegiate training for his chosen vocation in life, Dr. Elijah Clements Leach has established an enviable reputation as a surgeon and for six years the residents of Arlington have had the benefit of his professional services. He was born in 1885 and is a native of Surrey, England. His parents, E. C. and Frances (Garrett) Leach, still reside in that country and for many years the father has engaged in the contracting business. Dr. Leach attended the public schools of England and in 1903, when eighteen years of age, came to the United States. He finished his high school course at Waterbury, Connecticut, arid for two years was a student in a preparatory school at Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He next matriculated in the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia and was graduated with the class of 1914. He was an interne of Cooper Hospital at Camden, New Jersey, for eighteen months, acquiring valuable experience, and for six months filled a similar position in the City Hospital at Seattle, Washington. He then opened an office in Mount Vernon, Washington, where he spent six months, and in 1917 located in Arlington. He is surgeon for the Sultan Railway & Timber Company and the Ebey Logging Company and also controls the Arlington General Hospital, a modern, well equipped institution. He is regarded as the leading surgeon of this locality and enjoys a large practice. In 1913 Dr. Leach was married in Waterbury, Connecticut, to Miss Irma Manley, of Massachusetts, and they now have three children : Donald, Marjorie and Robert, aged respectively eleven, six and four years. 'The Doctor is an adherent of the republican party and an earnest and effective worker for the good of his community. He was a member of the town council during 1922-23 and is now serving on the school board. He is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He was vice president of the Snohomish County Medical Society in 1922 and in 1923 was honored with its presidency. He is also a member of the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Dr. Leach is a young man of progressive spirit, keen intellect and high principles and enjoys to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of Arlington's citizens. CHARLIE E. ARMANTROUT A list of Everett's successful and progressive business men would be incomplete without specific mention of Charlie E. Armantrout, local agent for the Dodge Brothers automobiles and. Graham Brothers trucks. His life has been characterized by persistent industry, sound judgment and right principles, by reason of which a well deserved success has come to him. A native of Lane county, Kansas, his birth occurred on the 6th of July, 1889, and he is a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISN COUNTY 451 son of A. W. and Emma (Powers) Armantrout. The family came to Centralia, Washington, in 1909, and the father is now living there, having retired from active business affairs. Charlie E. Armantrout received his education in the public schools in Kansas and then worked as a clerk in a grocery store. In January, 1916, he went to work in an automobile agency, first as floor man, later as salesman, and eventually rose to the position of manager. In 1917 he enlisted in his country's service, joining Company M, One Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment Washington Infantry, in which he became a •sergeant. Ile was not sent overseas and at the close of the war he returned to the automobile business. He went to Olympia as manager for L. E. Titus, remaining there until 1920, when he became part owner and manager of the Ford agency at Aberdeen, Washington. In 1924 he came to Everett and took over the agency for the Dodge Brothers cars, which he is still handling. He is now well situated, occupying a new building erected for him, seventy-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size, at 3014 Rucker avenue, in addition to which he also bought the adjoining building, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in size. He thus has ample display and storage room, and he also maintains a complete service and repair shop. He employs twenty men and through his indefatigable and persistent efforts he has built up a very prosperous and steadily growing business here. Mr. Armantrout is married and has one daughter, Adonna, fifteen years of age. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is likewise affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias. He is now vice president of the Washington Automotive Trades Association, of which he has been county president. Mr. Armantrout also belongs to the Kiwanis Club and to the Everett Golf and Country Club. Keen and sagacious in business, public-spirited in all matters affecting the welfare of his community, generous in his support of all worthy causes and cordial and friendly in all his social relations, he stands among the representative men of his locality and is highly respected by all who have come into contact with him. W. J. SCOTT To say that Snohomish county is honored by the citizenship of W. J. Scott is bestowing a worthy compliment, for his career here has been such as has resulted not only in material advantage to himself but also in promoting the general progress and welfare of the community. He was born in Michigan in 1869 and is a son of William and Sarah (Whaley) Scott, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New York. The father was an engineer and shoemaker by occupation. He and his wife were pioneer settlers in Michigan, where the mother died when our subject was twelve years old, and the father came to Oregon and Washington in 1892, eventually going to Kansas, where his death occurred. W. J. Scott attended the public schools of Michigan and those of Pennsylvania for one year while visiting relatives there at the age of fourteen years. He then went to work in the woods and was thus employed at many points in the east. He spent a year in Winnipeg, Canada, at about the time when that section was being opened up, and then went to Bellingham, Whatcom county, Washington, in 1894, remaining there two years. He was in Yakima, Washington, during the promotion and completion of the irrigation project there, but that was a hard time period for that locality and he came to Monroe in 1896, buying forty acres of land near Sultan from the Northern Pacific Railroad. There was an old trail across the land but no logging had been done and Mr. Scott at once applied himself to that task. At the same time he worked out in the neighborhood a good deal and also teamed some. Ten acres of the land are absolutely clear, while the remainder has been put into good shape. He is devoting his attention to dairy farming, in which he has met with good success, keeping from six to eight cows. He is now planning to go into the chicken business and already has a nice flock of hens, which he purposes largely increasing. He also has a good bearing orchard and has made many timely and valuable improvements on his ranch. In 1899 Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Mrs. Mollie Scott, who is a native of New York state, and a daughter of Abe and Nancy (Whalen) Kessler, also natives of New York. Mr. and Mrs. Scott have no children of their own, but they have reared two : Robert La-f avour, was born at Zillah, Yakima county, a son of Nate and Emma (Scott) Lafavour, the latter being our subject's sister. He married a Miss Bridgeman and lives in Everett. They have three children, Elizabeth, William and Ralph. Grace Hoard, whom they took when four years old, is now twelve. Mr. Scott is a member of Sultan Lodge No. 193, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and 452 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY he and his wife are members of the Grange at Sultan. He served several terms as road supervisor and also did considerable donation road work in the early days. He belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and earnestly cooperates with his fellowmen in all efforts to advance the interests of the people. For these reasons he stands deservedly high in public esteem. ALFRED KENNARD Among those who have contributed their quota to the great task of clearing the land and developing the productive farms of Snohomish county specific mention should be made of Alfred Kennard, whose splendid dairy ranch is located in the vicinity of Bothell. During the sixteen years that have elapsed since he came to this county he has achieved a marked degree of success and is now one of the substantial and influential citizens of his locality. Mr. Kennard was born in England on the 22d of October, 1873, and is a son of Richard and Mary (Yeo) Kennard, who were born, reared and married in that country. The father died there, and in 1892 the mother brought her family to the United States. She went to Portland, Oregon, where she lived for some years, and then returned to England, where she is still living. In the family were eight children, two of whom are in England and the others in the United States. Alfred Kennard was educated in the public schools of his native country and was nineteen years of age when he accompanied his mother to this country. He first located in Pennsylvania, where he was employed for about a year, and then came to the Pacific coast, stopping first at Portland, Oregon, where he made his home for some time. In 1910 he came to Snohomish county and bought a tract of brush and stump land near Bothell. He immediately set himself to the task of clearing his land and has since made many substantial improvements, including a good set of farm buildings, until today he has one of the best improved farms in the locality. He is engaged mainly in dairy farming, keeping a herd of high grade cattle. He raises good crops of hay and grain and has a nice vegetable garden. His present prosperity has been gained only by the hardest labor, but he is now so situated that he can enjoy the fruits of his past efforts. In 1910 Mr. Kennard was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle J. Knowles, who was born in Ohio but was brought to Washington in her girlhood by her parents, who died in this state. Mr. and Mrs. Kennard have seven children, namely : Frederick H., born September 5, 1910 ; Robert B., born in August, 1912 ; John E., born in 1915 ; Edward N., born in 1916 ; Ruth M., in May, 1919 ; Richard A., in August, 1921 ; and Jane E., in June, 1923. Mr. Kennard is independent in his political attitude, voting according to the dictates of his own conscience. He has taken active interest in local affairs, having served as a member of the school board, and he is also one of the officers of the federal farm loan bureau. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is regarded as a good business man, an excellent manager, possessing sound judgment and keen foresight, and he believes in constantly pressing forward to better things in all lines of activity. CHARLES B. BREED For almost forty years Charles B. Breed has been one of the substantial and representative agriculturists of Snohomish county, whose interests he has ever had at heart and sought to promote since pioneer days, and he has played no inconspicuous part in the affairs of the community so long honored by his citizenship. He is a native of Jo Daviess county, Illinois, born on the 10th of April, 1853, and is a son of A. J. and Mary (Cook) Breed. The parents were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and England but were married in Jo Daviess county, Illinois. To them were born six children, of which number five are living. Charles B. Breed was reared on his father's farm and educated in the public schools of his native county. He remained at home until attaining his majority when he started to work at the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1879. In that year he went to Kansas, where he engaged in farming for about four years, and then came to Snohomish county, Washington, and took up a homestead and later a preemption of one hundred and sixty acres of timber land. He built a log cabin and began clearing the land and getting it under cultivation. He now has about fifteen acres cleared and is very comfortably situated. Sometime after locating on this tract, he built a sawmill and cut a great deal of the timber which stood on the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 453 farm. He has made many substantial improvements on his place and has always been regarded as a good farmer, attending closely to the details of his work and thorough in everything that he has undertaken. In September, 1881, Mr. Breed was united in marriage to Miss Lilly Mairn Squires, who was born in Calhoun county, Illinois, a daughter of John and Luna P. Squires, now deceased. Mrs. Breed is one of a family of ten children, six of whom are living. To Mr. and Mrs. Breed have been born six children, as follows : Laura Fern, who is the wife of A. Z. Doty ; John A., who is married and has two sons, John and Grant ; Mary E., who is the wife of Raymond Linton and has one son, Raymond, Jr.; Flora Pearl, deceased, who was the wife of Charles Ingalsbe and the mother of three children, Muriel, Charles and Paul ; Paul N., twin to Flora, deceased ; and Bessie Alice, who is the wife of Robert Schoppert and has three children, Robert A., Keith and Betty J. Politically Mr. Breed has always maintained an independent attitude, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He has taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs and served two terms as road supervisor and several years as a member of the school board. He has always cooperated with his fellow citizens in the advancement of all measures calculated to benefit the community of which he is a member. EDWIN C. RITCHIE The horizon of each man's achievements is fixed by his own powers. Edwin C. Ritchie, who possesses the requisite ability and the equally necessary quality of industry, has achieved the full measure of success, and his name is an influential one in business circles of Everett. He was born February 13, 1888, in Middleville, Michigan, and is a son of Charles E. and Mamie C. (Ray) Ritchie, who established their home in Monroe, Washington, in 1902. His father opened the first jewelry store in the town and later moved to Everett, where he still resides. He carries a fine stock of jewelry and ranks with the leading merchants of the city. Edwin C. Ritchie received a public school education and was fourteen years of age when his parents migrated to the state of Washington. He took up the study of music and followed that profession for a few years. He afterward learned the sign painter's trade and since 1924 has been a partner in the Everett Sign Company, the business being located at No. 2819 Wetmore avenue. The work done by the firm is the expression of the highest degree of skill and artistic taste in this line, and an extensive business denotes the prestige enjoyed by the company. Mr. Ritchie belongs to the Painters Local Union, No. 339. He is in full accord with every project for the growth and improvement of his community. He is a good citizen and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen. STEINER FJARLIE Steiner Fjarlie, a progressive and up-to-date agriculturist of this county, owns and operates a ranch near Norman which embraces twenty acres of highly cultivated land. He has been a resident of Snohomish county during the past third of a century but is a native of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 14th of August, 1869, his parents being Halvor and Bereth (Bruseth) Fjarlie, who spent their entire lives in the land of the midnight sun. There were eight children in the family, namely : Reldre, living in Norway ; Steiner, of this review; Andrew, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in the vicinity of Norman; Mrs. Bertha. Fjarlie ; Arnt, a resident of Arlington, Washington ; Einer, who makes his home in Norway; Ole, deceased ; and Ivar, who lives in Nova Scotia. Steiner Fjarlie received his education as a public school pupil in his native land and remained on the home farm to the age of twenty-four years, when in 1893 he emigrated to the United States and made his way to Stanwood, Washington. Here he worked in camps, cut shingle bolts for mills and also learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed to the time of his marriage. It was in the year 1897, in association with his brother Andrew, that he bought twenty acres of land one mile from Norman, the tract being covered with woods and brush. Roads had not yet been built. Two years later the brothers purchased twenty acres adjoining their original place. They began the arduous task of clearing the land and also worked at carpentering in order to meet their expenses. Steiner Fjarlie erected an at- 454 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY tractive residence on his ranch in 1912 and built a modern barn thereon in 1925. He and his brother have divided their property, each now owning twenty acres of land in a high state of cultivation, and there are fine buildings on both ranches. Steiner Fjarlie erected all of the buildings on his place, which annually produces large crops of hay. He also keeps ten good grade Guernsey cows on his pasture and he is a member of the Dairymen's Association. Fraternally he is connected with Silvana Lodge No. 34 of the Sons of Norway. On the 29th of June, 1910, Mr. Fjarlie was married to Hjordes Hermansen, a native of Norway and a daughter of Robert and Petra Hermansen, who were also born in that country and still reside there. The father is engaged in business as a hardware merchant. Mr. and Mrs. Hermansen have three children, namely : Mrs. Hjordes Fjarlie; Ranold, a resident of Washington ; and Arve, who is still under the parental roof in Norway. To Mr. and Mrs. Fjarlie have been born four children, one of whom died in infancy. The others are as follows : Rangne, whose birth occurred January 7, 1911, and who is now a high school student at Stanwood ; Hjordes, whose natal day was March 30, 1912, and who is an eighth grade pupil ; and Steiner, Jr., born June 24, 1913, who is attending grammar school. J. A. GRAY Every successful business enterprise adds to the development and consequent prosperity of the community in which it is operated, and through his activities as a hardware merchant, covering a period of twenty-five years, J. A. Gray has contributed materially toward the advancement of Arlington along commercial lines, while at the same time he has won the legitimate reward of intelligently directed labor. A native of Illinois, he was born in 1872 and received a public school education. When a young man of twenty he sought the opportunities of the Pacific northwest and from 1892 until 1894 was a clerk in the First National Bank at Snohomish, Washington. He came to Arlington in 1898 and for three years was in the employ of the Western Union Telegraph Company. On the expiration of that period he purchased the business of Thomas Moran and has since conducted the store under the name of the Arlington Hardware Company. He also handles building material and farm implements and draws his trade from a wide area. He is one of the best known merchants of this locality and those who first favored him with their patronage are still his customers, for he has ever recognized the fact that true commercialism rests upon the foundation of integrity. In 1894 Mr. Gray married Miss Mary McGilvary, of Pennsylvania, and to their union were born five children : Crete, who is living in Honolulu ; Rickard, who is associated with his father in business ; Josephine and Dorothy, also residents of Honolulu ; and Katherine, at home. Mr. Gray is connected with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. He belongs to the Commercial Club and is a republican in his political views. He has served on the school board and the town council and has proven his loyalty and public spirit by both word and deed. He enjoys an enviable reputation as a business man and measures up to high standards in every relation of life. CHRISTOPHER OLSEN Christopher Olsen is one of the well known and prosperous dairy farmers of Snohomish county, residing in the vicinity of Florence. His birth occurred at Lom in northern Norway on the 3d of October, 1883, his parents being Anton and Ranghild (Paulsen) Olsen, who are also natives of that country and still reside there. The family numbers five children, namely: Christopher, of this review ; Ragna, who lives in the state of Washington ; Ader, whose home is in Alaska; Gusta, residing in Norway ; and Hans, who also lives in the land of the midnight sun. Christopher Olsen acquired his early education in the public schools of Norway and subsequently received more advanced intellectual training in British Columbia, Canada. He went to sea when a lad of fifteen and during the succeeding period of three and one-half years visited nearly all parts of the world, sailing under the British, German, Norwegian and Swedish flags. It was in 1903 that he emigrated to the United States and made his way to Snohomish county, Washington, after which he spent one year in the service of his uncle, Ole Christopherson, on the Stillaguamish river near Stanwood. Thereafter he followed the trade of painting HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 455 and decorating for a number of years, working along that line in Seattle, Tacoma and Everett, Washington, and also in British Columbia, Canada. On the 8th of November, 1913, Mr. Olsen was united in marriage to Minnie Danielsen, a native of Minnesota and a daughter of P. J. and Belle (Femrite) Danielsen, both of whom were born in Norway. The father emigrated to the United States in 1876 and took up a homestead claim in Lac qui Parle county, Minnesota, where he engaged in farming until 1902. He then went to California and purchased a small farm near Santa Rosa, whereon he made his home for five years. On the expiration of that period he disposed of the place, came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought the fifty acre tract of land near Florence which he cultivated until 1913 and then leased to his son-in-law, Christopher Olsen. Since that time Mr. Danielsen has made his home on a fifteen acre tract which he purchased at East Stanwood. To him and his wife were born seven children, two sons and five daughters, as follows : Mrs. Sena Husby, who lives at East Stanwood ; Mrs. Minnie Olsen ; Mrs. Alma Husby, a resident of East Stanwood ; Hannah Danielsen ; Joseph, who is a student in the State College of Washington at Pullman ; Ida, who is a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and now follows the profession of teaching ; and Morris Danielsen, who died September 30, 1926, of blood poisoning. Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Olsen are the parents of three children, namely : Olive, whose natal day was April 18, 1915 ; Orville, who was born June 11, 1917, and died April 7, 1926 ; and Dorrine, born April 30, 1925. In 1913 Mr. Olsen turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, leasing the ranch of his father-in-law, which comprises fifty acres of land in the vicinity of Florence, this state, all in cultivation. Mr. Olsen has remained thereon continuously to the present time and has annually produced large crops of timothy, grain and alfalfa hay, being one of the few farmers in his section of the county who has successfully experimented with alfalfa. He also grows oats and peas for silage. He keeps twenty good grade Guernsey cows and a pure bred bull and his is one of the best producing herds in this county. Mr. Olsen has membership in the Dairymen's Association of Snohomish county and fraternally is identified with the Sons of Norway, belonging to Stanwood Lodge No. 17. WILLIAM MORRICE Much of the prosperity of the agricultural sections of our country is due to the honest industry, the sturdy perseverance and the wise economy which so prominently characterize the Scottish people who have come to our land and have here created splendid farms and comfortable homes, becoming among the most loyal and patriotic of our citizens. Among this number stands William Morrice, who was born in Scotland on the 15th of August, 1861, the son of Alec and Elizabeth (Milne) Morrice, both of whom were lifelong residents of Scotland, where the father followed the trade of a stone mason. In their family were ten children, of which number seven are living : one a resident of Canada ; four of the United States, while two remain in their native land. William Morrice was reared under the parental roof and attended the public schools, after which he learned the trade of a stone mason, at which he worked until 1881. He came to the United States in that year, sailing from Liverpool on the day that President Garfield was assassinated. He first located in the state of Maine, where he followed his trade for a time and then, in the early '80s, he went to Wisconsin, where he continued the same line of work. In 1893 Mrs. Morrice and three children, and her aged mother, came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought one hundred acres of heavily timbered land, on which she located, Mr. Morrice remaining at his work in the east for about three years to earn money with which to finance the operation. In 1896 he rejoined his family and has since devoted himself to operation of the farm, which he has splendidly improved and developed into a productive ranch and a comfortable home. In addition to the ordinary farm crops, he has a fine orchard, containing a variety of fruits. Mrs. Morrice has long been particularly interested and successful in the raising of flowers, especially roses, of which she grows one hundred and twenty-five varieties. She greatly enjoys this work and has gained a wide reputation for her extraordinary success in their culture. Mr. Morrice was married, in Wisconsin, to Miss Elizabeth Stevenson, a native of New York state, and to them have been born four children : Agnes R., who died at the age of ten years ; Jessie E., who is the wife of James Hunter and has two sons ; William S., who is married and has two sons and is engaged in business in Seattle ; and Ruth M., who is a graduate of high school and remains at home. 456 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Morrice is a member of Lodge No. 243, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and Mrs. Morrice and daughter Ruth are members of the Order of the Eastern Star, of which Ruth has been secretary continuously since the organization of the local chapter. Politically Mr. Morrice maintains an independent attitude but is actively interested in everything pertaining to the welfare and progress of his community, having served a number of years as a member of the school board. He is a man of broad views and sound opinions, has achieved a fine measure of success through his persistent and well directed efforts and stands high in the estimation of his fellowmen. EMIL HANSEN Through years of active industry and the exercise of sound business judgment, Emil Hansen has attained a respected position in the community in which he lives and has exerted a beneficial influence in the advancement of the community's interests. He is a native of Norway, where his birth occurred August 3, 1879, and is a son of Hans and Hedda (Hansen) Olson, both of whom also were born in that country. The father died in 1920 and is survived by his widow, who still lives there. They became the parents of six children, Emil, Olaf, Margaretta, Hannah and two who died in infancy. Emil Hansen attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then worked on his father's farm until the fall of 1903, when he came to the United States, going direct to Tacoma, Washington, where he remained a few months and then came to Arlington, Snohomish county, where he obtained work in the shingle mills and logging camps. He followed that line until 1910, when he and his brother Olaf bought eighty acres of land, a part of the Ellwood homestead, three and a half miles northwest of Arlington, and which at that time was covered with timber and brush. They first erected a small house and then devoted their efforts to clearing the land. They now have twenty acres cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in woods and pasture and ten acres in good second-growth timber. They keep fifteen good grade cows and a registered Guernsey bull, while their principal field crops are hay and corn. In 1913 they erected a new barn and in 1914-15 built three silos, and, with the other substantial improvements on the place, have now a profitable farm and a very comfortable home. The brothers are members of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and also belong to Silvana Lodge No. 34, Sons of Norway. Emil Hansen is kindly and genial in manner and enjoys the confidence and esteem of all because he has shaped his life according to upright principles. JOHN C. RICHARDS John C. Richards is a loyal son of Washington and represents one of the honored pioneer families of the state. Possessing the indomitable will and determined spirit of the true frontiersman, he has hewn his way through a forest of difficulties and has now reached a field of broad influence and usefulness. He is classed with Everett's foremost attorneys and is also a leader in local politics. He was born in Coupeville, Island county, October 2, 1886, and his parents were Thomas N. and Ruby A. (Burce) Richards. The latter was born in the state of Maine and the father was a native of Yorkshire, England. When a young man he sought the opportunities of the United States and in 1869 came to Washington, settling in that part of Snohomish county in which Stanwood is now situated. This region was a wilderness and he endured all of the hardships and privations of frontier life. He afterward moved to Island county, Washington, and in 1900 returned to Snohomish county, in which he spent the remainder of his life. He devoted his energies to the cultivation of the soil, and in 1923 he was called to his final rest. He was honest, industrious and public-spirited and enjoyed to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. His wife was a daughter of John Burce, who fought in the Civil war and lost his life while in service. After the death of her first husband Mrs. Burce remarried, becoming the wife of his brother, Rufus, who brought the family to Walla Walla, Washington, when the Indian wars were in progress. Later they moved to Seattle, and there Mrs. Richards lived until her marriage. She attended the first university established in that city and was the Goddess of Liberty in the first Fourth of July parade held in Seattle. During his boyhood John C. Richards was obliged to work hard and had few opportunities for study but he attended the grade schools of Everett and Island county. He was determined JOHN C. RICHARDS HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 459 to secure an education and attended the Coupeville high school after he was married and the father of two children. Previous to that time he was active in mercantile affairs of Coupeville and Anacortes, Washington, and was thus engaged for thirteen years. He read law under the direction of James Zylstra and in 1918 was admitted to the bar. He served for two terms as county clerk of Island county, of which he was also prosecuting attorney, and filled the office for four years. He was made chief assistant prosecuting attorney for Snohomish county in 1923 and returned to Everett, which he has always regarded as his home, establishing his permanent residence in the city. Mr. Richards is recognized as a formidable adversary in forensic combat and never fails to convince his audience of the justice of the cause he pleads. He has a comprehensive knowledge of statute and precedent and prepares his cases with thoroughness, precision and skill. He has successfully handled much important litigation and enjoys a large practice. In 1906 Mr. Richards was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Thomas, a native of Wisconsin but at that time a resident of Coupeville, Washington, and they have three children : Roma, Audrey and John C., Jr. Mr. Richards is a Mason and has been master of Whidby Island Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M. He is a past patron of Tula Chapter No. 26, of the Eastern Star, and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his wife also is affiliated with the Eastern Star. He is a stalwart republican and has long been an influential worker in behalf of the party. Mr. Richards has fought life's battles unaided and his record proves what may be accomplished when effort and ambition combine. W. H. LUCAS W. H. Lucas, a well known furniture dealer, is one of the foremost business men of Everett. A man of judgment, sound discretion and business ability of a high order, he has managed with success his important enterprise and has so impressed his individuality upon the community as to gain recognition among its leading citizens and public-spirited men of affairs. Mr. Lucas is a native of Spirit Lake, Iowa, born on the 22d of November, 1870, and is a son of Thomas H. and Julia (Smith) Lucas. In 1877, the family moved to Minnesota, where the father engaged in farming until 1904, when he came to Clear Lake, Washington, being engaged in farming there until 1907, when he came to Everett and made his home here during the remaining years of his life, both parents being now deceased. W. H. Lucas received his education in the public schools of Minnesota and was reared to farming, which vocation he followed for a number of years. Eventually he acquired a farm of his own, comprising about seven hundred acres of good land, which he devoted to grain and live stock. In 1904 he sold that place and went to Saskatchewan, Canada, taking up a homestead, to which he shipped three carloads of stock and machinery. He gave his personal attention to this farm until 1907, when he came to Everett, though he still owns the Canadian farm. On coming here he engaged in contracting, building and selling houses, in which business he met with a fine measure of success. In 1914 he bought a small furniture store at 1120 Hewitt avenue, and here, by close attention to business and fair dealing, he built up his business and gained the confidence of the public to the extent that he felt justified in seeking larger quarters, moving in July, 1924, to 2813-15 Wetmore avenue, where he has two floors, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in size. Here he carries a large and well selected stock of furniture and house furnishings of all kinds, and the Lucas Furniture Company is generally recognized as one of the most prosperous and reliable business houses in Everett. Mr. Lucas' sons, Roy and Thomas, are also now interested in the business, under the firm name of W. H. Lucas & Sons. Under their enterprising and progressive methods the business has steadily advanced, their goods being sold over a wide radius of territory. In 1891 in Minnesota, Mr. Lucas was married to Miss Rebecca Nolan, a native of Iowa, and to them have been born the following children : May, who is the wife of F. C. Baird, of Snohomish, and has two children ; Ruth, who lives in Seattle ; Roy, who married Miss Delna Hebert and is in business with his father ; Myrtle, the wife of George Williams of Everett ; Thomas, who is a member of the Lucas Furniture Company ; Martha, who is at home ; Lottie and Daniel, both deceased. Politically Mr. Lucas is aligned with the republican party, in the success of which he is always interested, while fraternally he is a member of Everett Lodge, No. 212, Free and Accepted Masons, and Everett Lodge, No. 187, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past noble grand. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Lucas has been an industrious and indomitable worker and by close devotion to his business 460 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY has accomplished good results, attaining a place of compelling importance in his locality. He is of the type that makes up the front rank of the world's workers, the kind that can always be relied on, a splendid specimen of those who do the real work of the world and do it well. A man of high moral character, unimpeachable integrity and excellent judgment, he stands "four square to every wind that blows", and is well worthy of the enviable place which he holds in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. CHARLES S. L. McLEAN Charles S. L. McLean, a business man of high standing, was formerly identified with financial interests of Everett and is now numbered among the city's successful realtors. A son of E. P. and Annie A. (Cunningham) McLean, he was born July 20, 1876, and is a native of Mecklenburg county, Virginia. His father was a soldier in the war between the states and devoted his life to the practice of metlicine and surgery. He is survived by the mother, who still makes her home in Virginia. Her father, Judge Thomas Cunningham, was a prominent citizen of Beaver, Pennsylvania. The paternal grandfather, the Rev. D. H. A. McLean, was one of the first principals of the Pittsburgh high school. He was a man of deeply religious nature and for fifty years was a minister of the United Presbyterian church. He was one of the first editors of the church paper and his efforts were fruitful of great good to the cause of Christianity. Charles S. L. McLean supplemented his public school education by a course in a business college at Pittsburgh and for five years was in the employ of the Carnegie Steel Company. He was with the Westinghouse Machinery Company for eighteen months and spent ten months with the Westinghouse Electric Manufacturing Company. He was connected with the Second National Bank of Pittsburgh for five years and in 1908 came to Everett, Washington. He filled the position of bookkeeper for a time and for four years was teller of the First National Bank of Everett. He was next made assistant cashier, acting in that capacity for two years, and for one and a half years served as cashier of the Everett Trust & Savings Bank. In 1920 he entered the real estate field and has since been senior member of the firm of McLean & Douglas, whose office is situated at No. 2925 Colby avenue. They are managers of the Commerce building and handle important interests, having a comprehensive understanding of everything pertaining to the local realty market. They write insurance of various kinds and also make loans. They are enterprising, capable and trustworthy and conduct a business of large proportions. On October 24, 1901, Mr. McLean married Miss Nellie O. Stuchell, a daughter of William Stuchell and a sister of Harry Stuchell, whose sketch is published elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. McLean have three children: Howard P. and Genevieve E., twins, the former a resident of Seattle, Washington, and the latter the wife of Lionel Noel, of Schenectady, New York ; and E. Park, who is taking a course in business administration at the Washington State College. Mr. McLean is a republican but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. He belongs to the Kiwanis Club and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is an earnest worker for the good of his city and owes his success to the habits of industry and thoroughness. LUTHER ORR No citizen of northwestern Snohomish county enjoys a higher reputation as an up-to-date and progressive farmer than does the subject of this sketch, whose splendidly improved farm is located about four miles northwest of Arlington. A man of marked business ability and enterprising spirit, he has set a worthy example in the way of improving and developing his land, until today it is one of the most valuable and attractive farms in this section of the county. Luther Orr is a native of Wisconsin, where his birth occurred on the 14th of February, 1879, and a son of J. C. and Louise (Burton) Orr, the former a native of Michigan and the latter of Wisconsin. The father went from Michigan to Wisconsin on horseback in 1838 and took up a homestead in Grant county, of which locality he was a pioneer. He was successful in his affairs and spent his remaining years there, dying in 1918, at the age of eighty-four. His widow is still living. Mr. Orr was twice married, having by the first union five children, Clara, Lettie, Cora, Alice and Harry, and by the second union also five HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 461 children, Myra, Luther, Edward, Gus and Clyde, the last named now living on the old homestead in Wisconsin. Luther Orr received his educational training in the public schools of Wisconsin and remained at home until his marriage in 1903, at which time he leased a part of his grandfather's homestead in Wisconsin, to the operation of which he devoted himself until 1909. In that year he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, and bought eighty acres of land at Trafton, on the Stillaguamish river, five miles northeast of Arlington. After living there five years, he sold that place and bought one hundred and sixty acres three miles northwest of Arlington. About ten acres of this land was cleared and there were some old buildings on the place. Mr. Orr now has twenty acres cleared and in cultivation, raising hay, oats and barley, the latter two crops being used for ensilage. In 1916 Mr. Orr erected a new barn, commodious and well arranged, and in 1923 built an attractive modern residence, with full basement. His two silos were built in 1917. Mr. Orr has a nice herd of Guernsey cows, some of which are pure bred, also a registered bull and he keeps a good team of horses for farm work. He is practical and up-to-date in his methods, and has been ably assisted by Mrs. Orr, who raises a large number of chickens and has been very successful in the handling of poultry. Mrs. Orr is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. On March 11, 1903, Mr. Orr was united in marriage to Miss Carrie Glass, who is a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of Charles and Pillipena (Muller) Glass, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Germany. Mr. Glass, a farmer and blacksmith, was a man of strong character. His death occurred on February 9, 1926, and he is survived by his widow. To this worthy couple were born five children, Carrie, Lana, Lulu, Fred and John. Mr. and Mrs. Orr have one child, Donavan E., born September 3, 1909, who is now a junior in the Arlington high school. Mr. Orr is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, the Federal Farm Loan Association, the Arlington Cooperative Creamery, and is a director of the U. and I. Cooperative store at Arlington. He is a member of Arlington Lodge, A. 0. U. W., which is erecting a fine building in Arlington. He is a consistent advocate of improved roads and good schools and has been influential in many ways in advancing the best interests of the community. Earnest and straightforward in all his relations with his fellowmen, he has at all times enjoyed their fullest confidence and is rightfully numbered among the representative men of his community. SIVERT REINSETH Sivert Reinseth, who owns and operates an excellent dairy farm of fifty acres situated four miles southeast of Stanwood, has continuously resided within the borders of Snohomish county during the past third of a century save for a period of two years which he spent in Alaska at the time of the gold rush. His birth occurred in Norway on the 10th of June, 1872, his parents being Ole and Breit (Ulnvund) Reinseth, who were also natives of that country, in which the mother passed away. The father emigrated to the United States late in life and here spent his last days. The family numberel six children, as follows : Ole 0., whose farm lies about equidistant from Silvana and Arlington ; Mrs. Elizabeth Oleson, a resident of Iowa; Sivert, of this review ; Mrs. Maret Alnas, who lives in Norway ; Jans, who also makes his home in Norway ; and Peder, who is deceased. Sivert Reinseth acquired a good education in the public schools of his native land and spent the first twenty years of his life under the parental roof. In the fall of 1892 he came to the United States and made his way to Silvana, Snohomish county, Washington, where he worked in logging camps for a number of years. In 1898 he joined the Alaskan gold rush and during the two succeeding years engaged in mining. Following his return to Washington in 1900 he purchased fifty acres of land four miles southeast of Stanwood and set himself resolutely to the task of clearing the place of the woods, brush and stumps which covered it. He built thereon a small house, which he subsequently enlarged. Nearly all of his land is now cleared and it is devoted principally to the raising of hay, oats and peas. He keeps twenty head of good grade Guernsey cows on the pasture. Mr. Reinseth erected a commodious barn in 1905 and built a silo in 1919. His is a well kept place with its attractive residence, large barns and silo, and he annually produces large crops on his excellent farm, comprising fifty acres of river bottom land. On the 17th of March, 1894, Mr. Reinseth was united in marriage to Sophie Roal, a native of Norway and a daughter of Hans and Synnove Roal, who were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. and Mrs. Reinseth are the parents of a daughter and two sons, recorded below. (1) Mrs. Hilda Drupping, who is a graduate of the Stanwood high school and the 462 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY State Normal School at Bellingham, is engaged in the profession of teaching at Stanwood. (2) O. B. Reinseth, who served in the Ambulance Corps for eight months during the period of the World war, was on board ship and ready to sail for France when the armistice was signed. (3) Peter Reinseth, like his brother and sister, lives at home. A public-spirited, enterprising and progressive citizen, Mr. Reinseth has ever manifested an active and helpful interest in community affairs and has particularly exerted his influence in behalf of good roads and schools. He served on the school board of Norman for several years. He has membership in the Dairy Association of Arlington and fraternally is identified with Everett Lodge No. 479 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and with Stanwood Lodge No. 17 of the Sons of Norway. Mr. Reinseth has never regretted his determination to seek a home in the new world, for here he has found the opportunities which he sought and through their wise utilization has won prosperity and an honored name, being widely known as a representative agriculturist and leading citizen of the community in which he lives. JAMES AND FRANK ASHE, JR. One of the leaders of business enterprise in Granite Falls is the automobile sales and service house of which James and Frank Ashe, Jr., are the proprietors, and the members of this well known family have contributed materially toward the commercial development of the town. The members of this firm are sons of Frank and Martha E. (Doran) Ashe, the former a native of Wisconsin and the latter of Iowa. The parents settled in Nebraska in 1886 and for many years the father conducted a blacksmith shop in Ceresco. In September, 1906, he came to northwestern Washington and embarked in the same line of business at Granite Falls, also becoming a dealer in hardware. He was long a member of the firm of Ashe Brothers and is now living retired. His sons are adherents of the democratic party. James Ashe, the elder of the partners, was born August 15, 1891, in Ceresco, Nebraska, and married Miss Katherine Duffy, a daughter of John Duffy, one of the pioneer settlers of Everett, and they have two children, Helen and Kathleen. Frank Ashe, Jr., born April 21, 1894, married Miss Florence Geisen, of Granite Falls, and they have become the parents of a daughter, Lois. Bernard B., the youngest son, was married in 1926 to Miss Marie Loga, of Tacoma, Washington. James and Frank Ashe, Jr., became associated in business and in 1909 established a garage in Granite Falls. They now carry a full line of Ford cars and automobile parts and theirs is the largest garage in the state in a town of this size. They have a well equipped repair shop and employ five experienced mechanics. In 1919 they purchased their present building, a substantial brick structure, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions. They have installed a used-car department in the garage, which is fifty by thirty-five feet in extent, and their steel warehouse is twenty-five by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions, affording a floor space of ten thousand, five hundred square feet. In 1926 they enlarged the scope of their activities, opening a garage and service station on Stanley street to house the Studebaker and Chevrolet cars, for which they have the local agency. The members of .the firm are capable young business men of enterprise and initiative and the family is highly respected in this community. EDWARD C. MONY Edward C. Mony, one of the well known officials of the Everett Improvement Company, has been prominently identified with development work in this city for more than thirty years and is classed with its most able and enterprising business men. He was born August 19, 1864. near Waupun, and is a native of Wisconsin. His father, Alexander Mony, was born in Pennsylvania and his ancestors were Celts. He migrated to Wisconsin in 1848 and was one of the early settlers of that state. His wife was a native of Canada and of Scotch lineage. Mr. Mony spent his boyhood on his father's farm and attended the schools of the locality, afterward taking a course in a business college at St. Paul, Minnesota. He taught school for a time and later worked in a law office. He accepted a position in the general offices of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Company and was next in the employ of the Wisconsin Central at Milwaukee. In the spring of 1890 he started for Washington, locating in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 463 Hoquiam, and for two years was with Heermans, Congdon & Company, real estate dealers. In March, 1892, he entered the employ of the firm of Brown & Brownell, attorneys for the Everett Land Company, financed by a group of eastern capitalists, who about 1890 founded the city of Everett and established the first waterworks plant in the town and in 1893 organized the Everett Railway & Electric Company. Mr. Mony entered the service of the Everett Land Company and was rapidly advanced, becoming its secretary in 1897. He was elected vice president in 1899 and following the reorganization of the business in 1900 was made secretary of the Everett Improvement Company, also assuming the duties of treasurer in 1904. He has since filled these offices and is regarded as one of the city's foremost realtors, having a highly specialized knowledge of the business. His progressive spirit led him into other fields of activity. He was connected with the Everett Dock & Warehouse Company and the Everett Theatre Company, of which he was secretary, and the Everett Railway, Light & Water Company, which he served in the capacities of secretary and treasurer. Mr. Mony was married June 2, 1897, to Miss Stella Cougill, who was born in San Jose, California, and lived for a time in Port Townsend, Washington, coming to Everett in 1893. They have two children : Robert C., who is attending the University of Washington ; and Mary Louise, a high school student. Mr. and Mrs. Mony are members of the Everett Golf and Country Club and he is also connected with the Cascade Club. He is a republican in his political convictions. When he came to Everett this was a small settlement and he has been an interested witness of the city's growth and development, bearing a large share in the work of improvement and advancement. He is a broad-minded man of clear vision and that strength of character which carries the individual far beyond the ranks of the many, placing him with the successful few. EDWARD WOGNILD One of the conspicuous figures among the farmers of northwestern Snohomish county is Edward Wognild, owner of the "Trout Brook Dairy Farm," which is located about two miles northwest of Arlington. A man of energetic habits, up-to-date methods and sound business ability, he has, after a varied and interesting career, achieved a splendid and well deserved success and is numbered among the representative men of his locality. His birth occurred on June 12, 1863, in Norway, and he is the son of Ed and Cristinia (Ny-hong) Wognild, who spent their lives in that country, where the father engaged in farming. Both are now deceased, the mother dying about 1893 and the father in 1921. They were the parents of three children, namely : John Myrand, who still lives in Norway ; Edward, of this sketch ; and Dorothy, who died in Norway. Edward Wognild received his education in the public schools of his native land and when fifteen years old was confirmed in the Lutheran church. After leaving school he worked on the home farm and for neighboring farmers, and was also employed as a carpenter until 1884, when he came to the United States. He first located at Sioux City, Iowa, where he engaged in bridge contract work for several years. On March 14, 1888, he came to Stanwood, Washington, and found employment in logging camps of Mr. McFadden, with whom he remained three years, at the end of which time he went to work for the Great Northern Railroad, being engaged in the building of bridges for three years. In 1897 he went to Alaska, where he mined for about a year. The ensuing winter he spent in Washington but in the spring of 1899 he took Lee & Anderson's outfit to Alaska, remaining there through the summer. He then came back to Stanwood and engaged in the buying and selling of ranches, some very fine property passing through his hands. He also bought a ranch in Whatcom county, on which he lived two years. In 1910 he sold out there, and returning to Snohomish county, bought forty-five acres of land two miles northwest of Arlington, a small part of which was cleared. He has devoted time closely to the improvement of this property, which is now practically all cleared, and has sold twenty acres of the original tract, retaining twenty-six and a half acres. Mr. Wognild keeps ten good grade cows and in the handling of his dairy products has met with success. He raises abundant crops of hay on the fine bottom land which comprises the major portion of his land ; has a nice set of farm buildings and all of the improvements on his place are substantial and up-to-date in character. On November 13, 1895, Mr. Wognild was married to Miss Inga Anderson, a daughter of Andreas and Annie (Hansen) Anderson, both of whom were natives of Norway. Her father came to the United States in 1893, settling in Silvana, Snohomish county, where he bought a ranch, and he maintained his home there until 1900, when he returned to his native land and there spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1913. His widow passed away in 1923. They were the parents of five children, E. 0., Sivert, Mrs. John Ware, Inga and Hans. To 464 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. and Mrs. Wognild have been born nine children, namely : Albert, Hans, Chester, Eddie, Anton, Theodore, William, Edna Christina and one who died in infancy. Mr. Wognild is a member of Everett Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and he and his wife are members of the Lutheran church, to which they give generous support. He has taken a good citizen's interest in local public affairs, having in the early '90s served as deputy sheriff of Snohomish county under Sheriff Hagen, and he also served as road boss for six years. He is a man of likable personality, has performed his full part in all the relations of life, and today is held in high esteem. PETER NESS Peter Ness, who took up his abode within the borders of Snohomish county more than four decades ago, was a retired agriculturist and an octogenarian who resided in an attractive home one mile southeast of Florence at the time of his death, which occurred April 5, 1926. He was born in Norway on the 27th of September, 1846, a son of John and Ingobar (Barosdatter) Peterson, both of whom spent their lives in Norway--their native land. In the family were two sons and a daughter, namely : Peter, Carrie Raphe and Ole Johnson. Peter Ness attended the public schools of Norway in pursuit of an education. Leaving home at the age of twelve, he found employment as a herder of cattle in the summer months, and in the woods during the winter. He was cruelly treated by his employer and allowed very few educational advantages, hence he determined to seek another opening. Finding employment in a flour mill, where his diligent efforts to please were appreciated, he remained seven years. For a number of years following he was engaged in fishing, but knowing that the United States offered great inducements to thrifty, energetic young men, he immigrated in 1883, locating first in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he worked in a lumber yard for six months. In the fall of 1883 he left for Seattle, Washington, in company with three others. His acquaintances tried in every way to discourage him, prophesying dire misfortune if he located in the "wild and woolly west", the only inhabitants of which, according to their belief were thieves and robbers. Disregarding their well meant but mistaken counsel, he located at Stanwood, Washington, after a two weeks' stay in Seattle. A few months later he took a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres on Pilchuck, two miles east of Silvana, which he held for the next four years, selling the place in 1887. The land was entirely covered with woods and brush when it came into his possession. Peter Ness and Andrew Brue built the first pile driver in Stanwood and drove the piles used in the construction of the first boom and wharf built here. He took contracts for this kind of work for two years, then sold out and returned to his native country, where he was married. After bringing his bride to Snohomish county he purchased fifty-five acres in the vicinity of Florence, all densely covered with the finest kind of cedar timber, which at that time was of no use save to build the rude houses and barns, there being no market for it. Clearing a small plot of ground, he erected a cabin and at once began the arduous undertaking of clearing the land. Eventually he had thirty-five acres -in cultivation and lie devoted the place almost entirely to dairying. Mr. Ness leased the ranch about 1916 ani then lived retired in the enjoyment of well earned ease, erecting a handsome residence on one acre of ground. It was in 1925 that he sold fifty-four acres of his original fifty-five acre tract. On the 22d of February, 1889, Mr. Ness married Karen Marta Olsdatter Dybvaad, a native of Norway, who gladly shared with him the toils and privations of those early pioneer days. In political belief Mr. Ness adhered strictly to republican doctrines, but never cared to participate actively in political affairs. He and his worthy wife attended the Lutheran church. A contemporary biographer said of him: "During his extended residence here Mr. Ness has been permitted to witness marvelous changes in the surrounding country, and has rejoiced to see the 'wilderness blossom as the rose' under the skillful management of pioneers like himself, who believed in the glorious future of this wonderful northwest." NICK PETERSON Among the men who have made a distinctive success in dairy farming in Snohomish county is Nick Peterson, whose splendid farm is located near Sultan. His success has not been the result of mere chance but has been attained only by hard labor and the exercise of sound judgment in all of his affairs. Mr. Peterson was born in Denmark in 1863 and is HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 465 a son of Peter and Christina Hildahl, but lost his mother when only two years old. The father was a mason by trade but also followed farming and lived to the age of ninety-two years. Mr. Peterson attended the public schools of his native land and was exempted from army service because of defective eyesight. His early years were spent on his father's farm but in 1886 he came to the United States, locating first at St. Paul, Minnesota. Later he went to Wisconsin, where he remained about ten years, working on farms a part of the time and operating a livery stable 'for about five years. He was with the St. Croix Land & Lumber Company three years and also drove a team at Spring Valley, Wisconsin. In 1896 Mr. Peterson came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought a tract of land near his present place, remaining there two years and doing a good deal of clearing. He then bought eighty acres where he now lives, of which he sold thirty acres, his present farm comprising fifty acres of good, fertile land. The tract had been logged but considerable work was required to get the land in shape for cultivation, though he now has forty acres under the plow. He has erected a good set of farm buildings and has made many substantial improvements, so that his farm now ranks with the best in that section of the county. He at first raised a good many potatoes but during the greater part of the time he has devoted his attention mainly to dairying, now keeping twenty cows and a registered Holstein bull. He raises his own roughage and corn sufficient for the silo, and has a nice vegetable garden for family use. In 1894, in Wisconsin, Mr. Peterson was united in marriage to Miss Ava Peake, who was born in Minnesota, a daughter of Russell and Adalia Peake, both of whom were natives of New York state. Mr. Peake was a pioneer of Minnesota but in later years came to Portland, Oregon, where his death occurred in 1923. His wife died in 1920. To Mr. and Mrs. Peterson have been born five children, namely : Arthur, now living on the home place, married Miss Sada Lemberg, a native of Wisconsin, and they have three children, Della, Neil and Mary Ellen. Mrs. Cora Chapin is a resident of Seattle and has one child. Mrs. Ethel Banta, of Sultan, has three children. Mrs. Louella Beeman, a widow, lives in Seattle, and is the mother of one child. Maude is the wife of Walter Illman, living near Sultan, mentioned elsewhere in this work, and they have two children. Mr. Peterson has taken a commendable interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of his community and served for a time as a member of the school board of the Fern Bluff district. In the early days he donated much work in the building of roads. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Grange at Sultan. WILLIAM G. HODGE Coming to the new world with no assets save youth, ambition, determination and intelligence, William G. Hodge has made good use of his opportunities and for many years was connected with coal mining operations. He was very successful in that field of activity but is now devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits in Snohomish county. A native of Scotland, he was born in 1861, and his parents, William and Janet (Wilson) Hodge, were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. Hodge completed his studies in an academy and afterward worked in a rock quarry, also in the mines. He left Scotland in 1881, when twenty years of age, and came to the United States, obtaining work in one of the coal mines in the vicinity of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1882 he went to Braidwood, Illinois, where he followed the occupation of mining for about ten months, and next made his way to Iowa, being for eighteen years connected with coal mining operations in the neighborhood of Hocking. Being eager to progress, he devoted his leisure time to the study of mining engineering and as he demonstrated his worth was steadily advanced. Eventually he was made superintendent of the mine and ably discharged the duties of that responsible position. While acting in that capacity he paid a visit to Washington and joined B. P. Castner, of Iowa, and a Mr. Lyons, of Everett, in organizing the Citizens Bank & Trust Company of Everett, of which Mr. Castner became the president, while Mr. Lyons assumed the duties of vice president. At the end of his vacation Mr. Hodge returned to Iowa and on the advice of Mr. Castner subsequently disposed of his interest in the bank. In November, 1923, Mr. Hodge removed to Snohomish county, Washington, and established his home on the farm which he had purchased from Sheriff James McCulloch. He is much interested in poultry raising and has two hundred hens, specializing in the Tom Barron strain of White Leghorns. The eggs produced by these fowls are very large and bring a high price in the eastern markets. He has made an intensive study of this industry and is formulating plans for the development of an extensive business. He is very thorough and 466 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY painstaking, never undertaking a task unless he considers it worthy of his best efforts, and will undoubtedly succeed in the venture. His property is situated on the Seattle highway and is well improved, constituting one of the desirable farms of the district. In 1886 Mr. Hodge was married in Iowa to Miss May Gardner, who was born in Scotland and was but four years old when her parents, John B. and Mary (Sharp) Gardner, came to the United States. Her father followed the occupation of farming until his demise. Her mother has also passed away. To Mr. and Mrs. Hodge were born four children. Mary, the oldest, is the wife of A. E. Hupton, of Hocking, Iowa, who is filling the position formerly held by her father, and they have two children, a son and a daughter. The other members of the family are: Janet, the wife of J. S. Hunter, of Everett, Washington; John L., a bachelor, who has lived in California since 1919 ; and William H., who is married and resides on the home place but is employed by an Everett firm. THEODOR DROOPING Theodor Drooping follows farming near Arlington, was born in Norway January 31, 1876, and is a son of Ingebret and Guri (Storlie) Drooping, also natives of Norway. The father, who was a shoemaker by occupation, died in his native land, and his widow came to the United States in 1904, her death occurring here the following year. They were the parents of eight children: Bernt ; Maritt ; Ole, deceased ; Ole ; Erik ; Theodor ; Anders, deceased ; and Annie. Theodor Drooping was educated in the public schools of his native land and then worked out on farms until 1896, when he emigrated to the United States. He came direct to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, where he worked off and on in the woods for John Hals for fifteen years. In 1907 he bought eighty acres of land in partnership with his brother Ole, the tract being located in the Pilchuck district six miles northwest of Arlington. At that time the land was densely covered with timber, stumps and brush, and a vast amount of work was entailed in getting it in shape for cultivation. They built a small board shack and in the course of time the land was developed into a good and productive farm. Theodor Drooping is now living there and taking care of the ranch for his sister, Mrs. Annie Maurstad, to whom he sold the place in 1920. In December, 1899, Mr. Drooping was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Marken, who was born in Minnesota. Her parents, John and Ingeborg (Rindahl) Marken, were born in Norway and the former is deceased. Mrs. Drooping passed away in August, 1901, leaving a baby, Jennie, who was born June 26, 1901, and is now the wife of Max Eitzenberger, by whom she has a daughter, Maxine, born August 3, 1921. Mr. Drooping is a member of Silvana Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. His sister Annie was married January 27, 1909, to Ole Maurstad, also a native of Norway, who came to the United States in 1903. He worked for awhile in Portland, Oregon, but in 1911 became a resident of Snohomish county. During the past fifteen years he has been engaged in the fishing business in Alaska. Mr. and Mrs. Maurstad are the parents of seven children, Martha, Gudrun, Clara, Thelma, Richard, Orville and Helen, the first named of whom was born in Oregon, the others being natives of Snohomish county. LARS VALDE Lars Valde, a successful agriculturist residing near East Stanwood, is of the thrifty Scandinavian-born American citizens who constitute so large a percentage of the population of Snohomish county and who have contributed so large a share toward the development of the native resources of the community. His birth occurred in Norway on the 7th of October, 1872, his parents being Antone and Sophia (Lawerenson) Valde, who were also natives of that country. The father brought his family to the United States in 1889 and settled first in Cass county, North Dakota, where he resided for two years. On the expiration of that period he came to Snohomish county, Washington, purchased twenty acres of wooded and swamp land in the vicinity of Stanwood and began clearing the place. He built thereon a small house of split cedar in which he lived for four years, after which he erected a more comfortable and commodious dwelling. Antone Valde continued to reside on this property to the time of his death, which occurred on the 1st of August, 1904. To him and his wife, who still survives him, were born five children, as follows : Lars, of this review ; Ludvig, who is deceased; HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 467 Mrs. Augusta Erickson, who makes her home at Everson, Washington ; Mrs. Sena Armbuster, living in Seattle; and Mrs. Inga Moran, who is also a resident of Seattle. Lars Valde attended the public schools of his native land in the acquirement of an education and was a youth of seventeen when in 1889 he accompanied his parents on their emigration to America. He worked on farms and in sawmills of Snohomish county to the time of his marriage and had attained the age of thirty-three years when in 1905 he purchased the old home place from his widowed mother. Since that date he has greatly improved the property, building a commodious barn and also a silo in 1914. His land is principally devoted to the raising of hay and silage and he keeps thirty good grade cows on the pasture. Mr. Valde is a member of the Dairymen's Association of Arlington. Besides the home ranch near Stanwood he also cultivates fifty acres of land on the highway near the Woodlawn school, leasing the latter place from Andrew Breum. In 1900 Mr. Valde was united in marriage to Hama Johnson, a native of Minnesota and a daughter of Swan and Ida Johnson, both of whom were born in Sweden, whence they emigrated to the United States about the year 1880. After several years' residence in Minnesota they made their way westward to Washington in 1886 and took up their abode in the vicinity of Cedarhome. Swan Johnson departed this life in 1909 but is still survived by his widow. Their family numbered eight children. Mr. and Mrs. Valde are the parents of four children, namely : Archie, born October 20, 1901, who after graduating from high school spent two years as a student in the state college and who is now a resident of Los Angeles, California; Viola, born October 19, 1905, who is also a high school graduate and is now being trained for the profession of nurse in Los Angeles, California ; Neta, whose birth occurred December 10, 1909, and who is now a junior in the high school at Stanwood ; and Vernon, born July 27, 1911, who is also attending high school at Stanwood. A stalwart champion of the cause of education, Mr. Valde rendered valuable service as school director of Norman for a period of fifteen years. He has also exerted his influence in behalf of the good roads movement and is widely recognized as a progressive, enterprising and public-spirited citizen as well as substantial agriculturist of his community. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Sons of Norway. J. C. SCHRODER One of the oldest living settlers in the vicinity of Sultan, as he is also one of the most highly respected, is J. C. Schroder, who has performed his full part in the great work of developing this locality and advancing its normal and legitimate growth. Mr. Schroder was born in 1853 in Schleswig, which was formerly a part of Germany but now belongs to Denmark. He is the son of Jep and Christina (Lascon) Schroder, who were born and reared in the same locality, where the father followed farming, and there they both died. J. C. Schroder attended the public schools and remained in his native land until eighteen years of age, when he emigrated to the United States, going direct to Chicago, Illinois, and from there to Muskegon, Michigan, where he remained several years. In his native land he had learned the trade of cabinetmaking, which line of work he followed here for a time and then was employed on coach work by the Chicago & West Michigan Railroad at Muskegon. Returning to Chicago, for about a year he worked in the car shops of the Illinois Central Railroad and the Pullman Company but became overheated and was compelled to change occupations. In 1888 Mr. Schroder came to the coast and for about three months was in the employ of the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railroad, after which he worked for building contractors until the Seattle fire of 1889, when he entered the employ of the Oregon Improvement Company, which was engaged in general construction work. In 1891 Mr. Schroder bought his present place, near Sultan, comprising a relinquishment, and also homesteaded. While engaged in clearing and improving this land, he also worked outside at intervals, since which time he has devoted himself entirely to his ranch, excepting for a period of eight years, when he put in six months of each year in bridge work on the Great Northern Railroad. He has forty-seven acres of land, of which none was cleared when he acquired it, a rude shake shack being the only sign of improvement. He gave away the timber in order to get it off the land and a good deal of the hardest sort of labor was necessary to get it in shape for cultivation. There was not even a trail to the land and he had to cut one. His goods and supplies were brought up the river, from which point he packed them in on his back. The first real road was not built here until twenty years later, Mr. Schroder being mainly instrumental in having it constructed. He has carried on dairy farming principally, keeping usually ten cows, of the Jersey and Guernsey breeds. Mr. Schroder devoted himself closely to the operation of the 468 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY place for many years, but is now taking things easier, having turned the active operation of the place over to his son. In the early days he had to pay fifty cents to the Indians for a trip across the river and back, continuing this for five years or until his son was able to handle a canoe. In 1884, in Muskegon, Michigan, Mr. Schroder was married to Miss Christina Mason, who was born in Denmark, on the shores of the Baltic sea. She was orphaned at an early age and was reared as an adopted child, having no knowledge of her parents. In the spring of 1883 she came to the United States alone. To Mr. and Mrs. Schroder have been born two children: Anna, who is the wife of Charles Drew, of Seattle and Walter, who is at home. Mr. Schroder has served as a member of the school board of old district No. 41 and has contributed his efforts and influence to the upbuilding of the community. He was made a Mason in Lodge No. 140, at Muskegon, Michigan, forty-three years ago, and is now affiliated with Sultan Lodge No. 179. He also belongs to the Grange at Sultan. Walter is also a Mason and is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted in the infantry and was in training for six months at Camp Fremont, but was not sent overseas. Mr. Schroder is a man of splendid character *and is kindly and cordial in manner. Because of his success, his upright life and his fine public spirit, he has attained an enviable place in the confidence and good will of his fellowmen throughout this section of the county. LLOYD HUNSAKER A representative in both the paternal and maternal lines of old and prominent families of Washington, Lloyd Hunsaker is successfully following in the business footsteps of his father and ranks with Everett's foremost realtors, doing much important work as a city builder. He was born November 5, 1874, in Olympia, Washington, and is of Swiss lineage, tracing his ancestry to Jacob Hunsaker, the American p-ogenitor of the family. The latter's son, Jacob Hun-saker (II), was a native of Pennsylvania but removed to Illinois prior to the birth of his son, Jacob T. Hunsaker, who on arriving at years of maturity, married Miss Emily Collins, of Kentucky. Their son, Jacob Hunsaker (IV), father of the subject of this sketch, was born January 22, 1845, in Quincy, Illinois, and in the same year his parents crossed the plains. They were among the first settlers of Oregon City, Oregon, and in 1847 moved to Clarke county, then in Oregon territory but now located within the boundaries of the state of Washington. In early manhood their son Jacob followed the occupation of farming but the greater part of his life was devoted to the real estate and insurance business, with which he was connected for over a half century. He opened an office in ,Everett in 1892 and conducted an extensive business, subdividing the Smyth Land Company's first and second additions to Everett. He also platted and developed the Climax Land Company's first addition to the town. In 1895 Mr. Hun-saker was elected mayor of Everett and in 1905 he was recalled to that office, ably administering the affairs of the municipality. He was city treasurer for five terms and while living in Klickitat county was a member of the board of commissioners for four years. He represented his district, comprising Klickitat and Skamania counties, in the senate during the legislative session of 1889-1890, when Washington became a state. He was also a member of the state legislature during the session of 1891-1892, but never used political office as an avenue to personal aggrandizement, regarding it rather as a trust given him by the people, and his record was an unblemished one. He was a stanch adherent of the republican party and in 1901 he was made a Mason. He was an influential member of the Commercial Club and in considering the welfare of his city he bestowed upon it the same deep thought and careful consideration that he habitually bestowed upon personal matters. At Chambers Prairie, Washington, on the 1st of May, 1873, Mr. Hunsaker married Miss Elizabeth Chambers, who was born in that place, November 20, 1854. Her parents were Andrew Jackson and Margaret (White) Chambers, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana. In 1846 they made the long, arduous and hazardous journey to Washington, establishing their home in Thurston county, seven miles from Olympia. They were the first settlers in that district, which was called Chambers Prairie in honor of the family. The father constantly added to his holdings until he became the owner of thousands of acres of land, much of which was used for grazing purposes. He had large flocks of sheep and was one of the most successful stock raisers in that part of the state. During the Indian war of 1855-56 he built a stockade, using fir logs ten to twelve inches in diameter and sixteen feet in height. The inclosed area, about one hundred feet square, included the barn, whose leaning sheds were converted into kitchens, and in this stronghold thirty-two families and twenty-four LLOYD HUNSAKER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 471 bachelors found refuge during the attacks of the redskins. The demise of Jacob Hunsaker occurred in 1920 but his widow is still a resident of Everett. To their union were born four children: Lloyd ; Hallie, whose home is in Everett ; Mrs. Cassie Chloe Chambers, deceased ; and Margaret, who also lives in this city. Lloyd Hunsaker completed his education in the high school at Everett and then entered his father's office, in which he received thorough training along commercial lines. Since the father's death he has continued the business, constantly broadening its scope, and has been a leader in many large development projects. In 1926 he opened up the Forest Park subdivision, comprising forty acres. In 1925 Mr. Hunsaker opened up the Mountain View addition, situated south of the Country Club, and has erected and sold many modern bungalows in this addition, no unimproved lots being sold. He has erected and sold a number of attractive bungalows in Everett and owns the business building at 2818 Rockefeller avenue, where his office is located. He is serving as secretary of the Bay View Company, which handles real estate in Everett, and is considered an authority on matters pertaining thereto. An important branch of his business is the real estate loan department. He gives special attention to this and takes great pride in the fact that in the many years he has conducted the real estate loan business he has not lost a dollar for any client. He has many important clients who place all their real estate loans with him. On May 25, 1910, Mr. Hunsaker married Miss Nellie E. Nash, now deceased, of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They became the parents of two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth, twins. Mr. Hunsaker gives his political allegiance to the republican party, for he deems that its policy best conserves national progress and promotes public stability. He is a valued member of the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Everett Realty Board and to the Northwestern and National Real Estate Associations. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masons and the Elks, being a member of Peninsular Lodge No. 95, F. & A. M., and a life member of Lodge No. 461 of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Mr. Hunsaker typifies the spirit of progress in Everett and his record is a credit to an honored family name. KITTEL L. LEVISON Kittel L. Levison, who owns and cultivates forty-six acres of land on the lower Stillagua-mish river, one mile southeast of Florence, is widely known as a substantial agriculturist and esteemed resident of his community. His birth occurred in Boone county, Nebraska, on the 22d of September, 1875, his parents being Levi and Torgun (Kittelson) Levison, both of whom were natives of Norway. Levi Levison was born on the 15th of May, 1848, and was one of the four children of Levi and Marit (Gulickson) Levison. Levi Levison, the paternal grandfather of Kittel L. Levison of this review, was a shoemaker by trade and came to the United States in 1869, remaining in this country to the time of his death, which occurred in 1903. His son, Levi Levison, Jr., attended school in Norway and remained under the parental roof until 1869, when, having, attained his legal majority, he immigrated to the American republic, settling eventually in the Badger state. The first eighteen months he spent at work on farms in Wisconsin, after which he went to Illinois, where he worked for three years. In 1874 he pushed westward to Boone county, Nebraska, traveling by team, and in that frontier region he took up a homestead claim of one hundred and sixty acres. Subsequently he acquired a tree claim of one hundred and sixty acres in Boone county, where he continued farming for a decade or until 1884 when, at last discouraged by devastating cyclones, he returned to Illinois. It was his intention merely to visit in Illinois, but the visit lengthened into a four years' stay, at the end of which he removed to the Pacific northwest, taking up a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres two miles east of Cedarhome in the year 1888. He began clearing the land of the woods and brush which covered it and built a small house thereon, while subsequently he erected a fine log residence on the place, to the operation of which he devoted his attention until within one year of his death. His last days were spent in the home of his son at Florence, where he passed away on the 24th of October, 1921. In political matters Levi Levison took his stand with the republican party. He filled several minor offices, having been a constable in Nebraska and road supervisor in Washington. One of the substantial citizens of his community, he was active in promoting the development of the rich region in which he had cast his lot. In 1874, while living in Illinois, Levi Levison was united in marriage to Miss Torgun Kittelson, daughter of Kittel and Marie (Christopherson) Stabach. The father was a blacksmith who came from Norway in 1850, when fifty years old, in a sailing vessel, seven weeks 472 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY being consumed in the trans-Atlantic voyage. He settled in Illinois, where his death occurred two years later. Mrs. Stabach survived until 1884. Mrs. Levi Levison was born in Norway on the 4th of June, 1836, and came to the United States with her parents, living with them until the death of her father, after which she was employed in various occupations until her marriage. She was in the eighty-ninth year of her age when called to her final rest in March, 1925. Mr. and Mrs. Levi Levison became the parents of two sons and a daughter, namely : Mrs. Andria Logen, who resides near Stanwood and is the widow of Thomas K. Logen, a sketch of whom appears on another page of this work ; Kittel, of this review ; and Tosten G., a native of Nebraska, who now lives in the vicinity of Cedarhome, Washington. A review of the career of Tosten G. Levison may be found on another page of this publication. Kittel L. Levison, whose name introduces this article, received his early education in the public schools of Nebraska and continued his studies at Cedarhome, Washington, having been a lad of thirteen years when his parents established their home in Snohomish county, this state. He remained under the parental roof until he had attained his majority and then purchased a forty-acre homestead relinquishment near Cedarhome, the tract adjoining his father's place. He erected a good house on the property and resolutely set himself to the arduous task of clearing the land, from which he cut timber and bolts. Mr. Levison resided thereon until 1904, when he sold the place and went to Whatcom county, purchasing twenty acres in the vicinity of Van Zandt. In 1917 he disposed of his holdings in Whatcom county and bought his present place of forty-six acres on the lower Stillaguamish river, lying one mile southeast of Florence, where he raises hay and beets and ensilage for the silo. He keeps fifteen good grade cows on the pasture and he is a member of the Dairy Association. Mr. Levison has been twice married. On the 22d of September, 1901, he welded Henrietta Pearson, a native of Denmark, who departed this life October 24, 1902. On the 8th of February, 1915, he was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Marie (Nielson) Law, a native of Denmark and a daughter of Jacob and Christiana Nielson, both of whom were born in that country. Jacob Nielson emigrated to the United States in 1886 and settled in Washington, where in 1888 he took up a homestead comprising one hundred and sixty acres near Cedarhome, whereon he spent the remainder of his life. He cleared about twenty acres of the place and erected a good house thereon. Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Nielson became the parents of three children, as follows : Mrs. Clara Anderson, who resides in Seattle; Mrs. Marie Levison; and Christian, living in Seattle. By her first husband Mrs. Marie Levison had a daughter and a son. The former, Mrs. Emma (Law) Callison, makes her home in the vicinity of Everett and is the mother of one daughter, Betty Marie, born May 10, 1923. Bernard Law, son of Mrs. Marie Levison by her first husband, is a resident of Hamilton, Washington. K. L. and Marie Levison are the parents of one child, Guinevere Odessa, whose natal day was January 29, 1919, and who is now attending school. EDWARD L. WAHL The county of Snohomish is greatly indebted to Norway for giving such a host of her best citizens to help develop this section of the country. Her strongest blood has coursed through the veins of her sterling sons who have cast their lots with us and they have been potent factors in the splendid transformation which has been wrought here in the past half century. They have been intensely loyal to our institutions and have stood for all that is best in community life. Among this number is Edward L. Wahl, owner of a well improved and productive ranch near Silvana. He was born in Norway on the 21st of July, 1877, and is a son of John E. and Hansine (Rasmussen) Wahl. The father came to the United States in 1902 and is now living in Everett. To him and his wife were born six children, namely Edward L., Mrs. Jacob Erwick, who lives in Everett; Hilda, who died in this state; Mrs. Helmine Carlson, of Everett ; Rudolph and John, who live in Everett. Edward L. Wahl was educated in the public schools of Norway and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when fifteen years of age. He first engaged in the fishing business, which he followed until 1899, when he came to the United States, settling in Kansas, where he engaged in farming for about two years, and then came to Snohomish county, locating at Everett, where he went to work in sawmills. After following that line for six years Mr. Wahl bought forty acres of land in Happy valley, two miles southwest of Silvana, and at once started to clear it of the timber and brush which covered it. He now has about fifteen acres cleared, the remainder being in pasture. In 1908 Mr. Wahl built a substantial barn and in 1922 erected a fine modern house. He raises good crops of hay and oats and keeps nine good- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 473 grade Guernsey cows. He is a good manager, is practical in all of his methods and by persistent and well directed efforts has met with gratifying success. On August 6, 1905, Mr. Wahl was united in marriage to Miss Gwvine Jensen, who is a native of Norway and a daughter of Andrew and Inger Jensen, both of whom also were natives. of Norway, where the mother's death occurred. The father came to Snohomish county and his death occurred here on December 24, 1925. Mr. and Mrs. Wahl have become parents of five children: Haakon, who was born at Everett in 1906, graduated from the Arlington high school in 1925 ; Ingrid, born at Silvana, also graduated from the Arlington high school in 1925 ; Esther is now a student in high school; Hilda and Edward are in grammar school. Mr. and Mrs. Wahl are members of the Free Lutheran church at Silvana, to which they give liberal ,support. Coming to the United States when a young man of twenty-two years, Mr. Wahl has found and utilized the opportunities here offered and through untiring industry has worked his way steadily upward to success, so that he has no reason to regret his determination to try his fortune in the new world. STENER STEVENS Stener Stevens now lives in honorable retirement in the city of Everett after a life of unusual industry, which is crowned with a very gratifying measure of success. A man of earnest purpose and sound principles, he persisted along rightly directed lines and richly merited the prosperity which came to him. He was born in Norway in 1860 and is a son of Ole and Torgon Stevens, who brought their family to the United States when Stener was but seven years of age. The father had followed farming in the old country and on coming here he located on a farm in Iowa, which he operated until his death in the following year. To him and his wife were born eight children. Stener Stevens attended school a few years, but when twelve years of age he was working on the farm. He followed that occupation for many years there, eventually owning four different farms, which he devoted mainly to grain and live stock. In 1909 he sold all his holdings in Iowa and came to Snohomish county, Washington, buying one hundred and sixty acres of land near Norman. There he engaged in dairy farming, keeping one hundred and four milk cows of mixed breeds. He cleared one hundred acres of the land himself, made many permanent and substantial improvements on the place, creating one of the best farms in that section of the county, and devoted himself to its operation for a number of years. He now has the farm leased and is living in a comfortable and attractive home in Everett, being practically retired from active business. In 1895 Mr. Stevens was married to Miss Tilda Thompson, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of George and Inger Thompson, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to this country in an early day and located in Iowa, where they lived until recently, when they moved to Minnesota. Mrs. Stevens attended the public schools of Iowa and remained at home until her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Stevens have been born the children named below. Dora is the wife of Henry Langsjoen, who is engaged in farming near Silvana, and they have three children. Bert, who was killed in the last battle of the World war, was with the headquarters company of the Three Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry Regiment. Oliver, who was married to Miss Alice Dorsey, and who died in 1924, was also in the World war, being a member of the Twelfth United States Infantry. Mabel, who lives at home, is a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now engaged in teaching. George is a student in the University of Washington. The four youngest children were graduated from the Everett high school. Mr. Stevens is a member of the Free Lutheran church, to which he gives generous support. He is a man of genial manner, candid and straightforward in all his relations, and he enjoys the confidence and esteem of all who know him. ANDREW STAKKELAND Conspicuous among the men of Norwegian birth who have become honored residents of Snohomish county is Andrew Stakkeland, who owns and operates a fine and well improved farm one and a half miles east of Silvana. Starting at the bottom of the ladder, he has mounted it unaided and the success which has crowned his efforts has been the just reward for his persistent and well directed labor. Mr. Stakkeland was born in Norway on the 20th of February, 1880, and is a son of 474 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Thomas and Anne Malene (Tunison) Stakkeland. The family came to the United States in 1891, locating in Brookings county, South Dakota, where the father bought a farm, to the operation of which he devoted his remaining years, his death occurring there, January 5, 1922. He is survived by his widow, who is now eighty-eight years old and still living on the homestead. To them were born three children, namely : Mrs. Anne Thompsen, who lives in South Dakota ; Mrs. Karen Jacobsen, who lives in Norway ; and Andrew. Andrew Stakkeland was educated in the public schools of his native land and came with his parents to the United States. He lived for a number of years in South Dakota and at the age of eighteen years began farming on his own account, renting land there. In the fall of 1910 he came to Silvana, Snohomish county, Washington, and bought forty acres of land, a part of the Stryker Erickson homestead, which was filed on March 5, 1881, and which is located along the Stillaguamish river. When Mr. Stakkeland acquired this land but a small part of it was cleared, but in the course of time he has developed a fine and productive farm. In 1916 he built a good barn, erected a silo in 1921, and in 1924 he added to and remodeled the house, so that he now has a splendid set of farm buildings. The farm is well equipped in every way for its advantageous operation and is a valuable and attractive property. Mr. Stakkeland keeps twenty head of good dairy cattle and a registered Guernsey bull and has been very successful as a dairyman. His principal field crops are hay and oats, while sufficient corn is raised for the silo. Mr. Stakkeland was married, August 23, 1911, to Miss Hannah Erickson, who was born in Volga, South Dakota, a daughter of Solomon and Olena (Myhre) Erickson, the former of whom was a native of Sweden, and the latter of Beri, Norway. Mr. Erickson came to the United States in 1866 and settled in Minnesota, where he lived until 1878, when he went to Brookings county, South Dakota, and took up a homestead, being a pioneer of that locality. As an evidence of the sparseness of the population there at that time, Mr. Erickson noted the fact that on July 4, 1879, a picnic was held and was attended by forty persons, practically the entire population of the county. In 1907 Mr. Erickson sold his ranch in South Dakota and came to Snohomish county, buying the farm now owned by Mr. Stakkeland, and lived there until 1910, when he sold it. He then moved to Everett and is now living there, having retired from active business. He is eighty-three years old and his wife seventy years. They are the parents of three children, Hannah, now Mrs. Stakkeland; and Elmer and John, both of whom live in Alberta, Canada. To Mr. and Mrs. Stakkeland have been born seven children, namely : Melvin, born June 6, 1912 ; Esther, born April 7, 1913 ; Albert, born July 28, 1915 ; Margaret and Mabel, twins, born December 4, 1918, the latter of whom died November 4, 1919 ; Irma, born July 9, 1920 ; and Elmer, born March 6, 1923. Mr. Stakkeland is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association; is president of the Farmers Telephone Company ; and also belongs to Silvana Lodge, No. 34, Sons of Norway. A man of sterling qualities of character and industrious habits, he commands the respect of all who know him. LOUIS CHRISTIANSEN Louis Christiansen, who has resided within the borders of Snohomish county for a period of four decades, is a highly respected citizen and substantial agriculturist of his community, owning forty-six acres of land on the Stillaguamish river three miles east of Stanwood. His birth occurred in Norway on the 19th of April, 1859, his parents being John and Gunda (Larson) Christiansen, who were also natives of that country. The father, who was a carpenter by trade, departed this life in 1896. The mother, who survived him for a quarter of a century, passed away in 1921. In their family were the following children : John; Louis, of this review ; Bertha ; Elsie ; Peter ; Christ, who resides in Norway ; and Gunda. Louis Christiansen acquired his education in the public schools of his native land and was a young man of twenty-four years when in 1883 he emigrated to the United States, locating first in Texas. He remained a resident of the Lone Star state for three years, working on a farm for one year and in a lumberyard at Waco for two years. Subsequently he removed to Portland, Oregon, where for eight months he worked in a transfer stable. The year 1887 witnessed his arrival in Stanwood, Washington, and here he was first engaged in farm labor and also hauled shingle bolts to the shingle mills for a period of about seven years. It was in 1894 that he purchased thirty-two acres of land one mile east of Cedarhome, the tract being covered with woods and brush. Mr. Christiansen erected a dwelling thereon and carried the necessary lumber on his back for a distance of one mile. He began clearing his property and resided thereon for twelve years or until 1906, successfully conducting a dairy. Mr. Christian- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 475 sen and his sons found it necessary to build a road to the old home place at Cedarhome and also constructed a bridge across the slough, this requiring many weeks of hard labor for which they received no recompense from the county, although the bridge is still in use. In the year 1906 Mr. Christiansen disposed of his place near Cedarhome and bought a tract of forty-six acres on the Stillaguamish river, three miles east of Stanwood, where he has since remained. About thirty acres of the tract have been cleared and the land is devoted principally to the raising of hay and to pasture. Mr. Christiansen rebuilt the house and barn on the place. He milks about sixteen cows and also owns one of the finest draft teams in the county, being a good judge and great lover of the noble steed. He gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is widely known as a public-spirited and substantial citizen of the community in which he makes his home. In 1886 Mr. Christiansen was united in marriage to Nettie Paulson, a native of Norway, in which country her parents spent their entire lives. Mrs. Nettie Christiansen was born on the 6th of September, 1859, came to the United States in 1883, and passed away on the 23rd of December, 1917. By her marriage she became the mother of four sons and a daughter, re- corded below. (1) Charles, who was born in Texas on the 4th of April, 1887, lives on the home ranch near Stanwood and assists his father in its operation. He was married on the 1st of August, 1921, to Eva Fugate, a native of Oklahoma, and they have a son, Charles, Jr., born June 1, 1924. (2) John, whose birth occurred in Clarke county, Washington, on the 17th of July, 1889, is a resident of Anacortes, this state. (3) Mrs. Hilda Newton is the mother of two children : Leonard L., born October 16, 1916 ; and Grace, born April 2, 1925. (4) Henry, whose birth occurred at Cedarhome, Washington, on the 21st of November, 1896, has had three children, namely : Hazel, born March 5, 1917 ; and Lester and June, twins, born March 28, 1919, the latter of whom died on the 19th of February, 1925. (5) Louis, Jr., was born on the 19th of February, 1899, and is still at home. JOHN CARLSON John Carlson, a highly esteemed member of Monroe's Scandinavian colony, was long numbered among the leading agriculturists of this section of the state and in his later years is enjoying the ease and comfort purchased by a life of industry and thrift. He was born April 19, 1864, and is a native of Sweden. In 1904 he responded to the lure of the Pacific northwest and obtained work in the mills of Sultan, Washington. He afterward purchased from Frank Winters a claim of one hundred and fifty-five acres and subsequently sold a portion of the tract, retaining eighty acres. Through arduous effort and systematic work he brought the land to a high state of development and the rich soil yielded abundant harvests. In 1924 he sold the place and bought a farm of nine acres in the vicinity of Monroe. He built a good house, added other improvements to the property, and is now living retired, having accumulated a sum amply sufficient for his needs. In 1890 Mr. Carlson married Miss Wilhelmina E. Bodin, also a native of Sweden, and they became the parents of three children but Christine, the first-born, is deceased. The others are : Ruth, the wife of Robert Schlilaty, the owner of a garage in Monroe ; and Bert, at home. Mr. Carlson is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the republican party. He is much interested in politics and has been precinct committeeman. He is a strong advocate of the cause of education and served for fourteen years on the schoOl board of district No. 43, and also as a member of the high school board. Mr. Carlson has proven his loyalty and public spirit by both word and deed, and the respect accorded him is well deserved. He is a faithful member of the Swedish Mission church and has been its secretary since 1909. He contributes liberally toward the support of the church and carries his religion into his daily life. F. C. FUCHS Among the sons of the fatherland who came to this country many years ago and who have become successful through industry and right living, is the well known farmer whose name appears at the head of this sketch, a man who has merited in every way the success he has achieved in material things and the esteem which is accorded him by his fellow citizens. F. C. 476 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Fuchs was born in Germany on the 25th of December, 1864, and is a son of Frederick and Louisa (Single) Fuchs, both of whom also were natives of Germany. The father, who was a shoemaker by occupation, died in 1924, at the age of ninety years, while the mother died in 1874, when our subject was ten years of age. F. C. Fuchs received his education in the public schools of Germany and also had about a year's schooling in this country, to which he came in 1881, at the age of seventeen years. He went direct to Hannibal, Missouri, where he had relatives living, and remained there about nine years, being employed at farm work. In 1890 he came to the Pacific coast, locating first in the White river valley, where he was employed as a milker, going later to Snoqualmie Falls, where he worked on farms. In 1892 he homesteaded a tract of land near Oso and Cavanaugh lake in Skagit county. He had one hundred and forty-two acres, all of which was densely covered with cedar, hemlock and larch timber. He proved up on this land and lived there until 1898, cutting the timber from about twenty acres and clearing five acres of stumps. During those years he also worked out on the Skagit flats in order to earn money for current expenses. In 1900 Mr. Fuchs went back to Missouri, was married and remained there two years, at the end of which time he again came to Washington, locating at Everett, where for about eight years he ran the Wetmore bakery. He then sold out and moved to the Marsh, near Snohomish, where he lived about five years, raising garden truck and keeping cows and chickens. During this period he was in Everett about a year, operating the bakery. In 1914 he traded his property for eighty-seven acres of land where he is now living and has since cleared about fifteen acres. During the first three years he rented the dairy on his farm, but since that time he has operated the dairy himself, keeping from fifteen to twenty cows, some of which are good grade Jerseys, and he also has a registered Holstein bull. He ships his milk to Seattle and has been very successful. He raises his own roughage and some oats, and has a fair acreage in potatoes. He has a good patch of raspberries and blackberries and a nice orchard of prune and cherry trees, now in full bearing. In 1900, in Missouri, Mr. Fuchs was united in marriage to Miss Rosie M. Loetterle, who was born in Ohio. Her parents were natives of Germany, though married in this country, where her father became a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Fuchs are the parents of a son, Norman, who was born in Everett in 1904, and who is now working in logging camps. Mr. Fuchs is a member of the Grange at Sultan. He has passed through some trying experiences since coming to the coast and his career has been characterized by much hard work, but he is now reaping the fruits of his labors and is enjoying a well merited prosperity. While living on his first homestead he traded at McMurray, from which place he had to pack his supplies, it being a long and hard trip, but later he made a trail to Oso, where he traded from that time on. During his early years here he did a good deal of free road work, and also spent several winters in Skagit county on road work at one dollar a day after his taxes were worked out, most of this work being dope on the road from Cavanaugh lake to McMurray. He has in every respect proven himself a good citizen, being loyal to the best interests of his community, and he has long held a high place in the esteem and confidence of his fellowmen. FRED MILLER Fred Miller is successfully engaged in the raising of hay and gran on a farm comprising sixty acres of fine bottom land lying three and one-half miles southeast of East Stanwood, most of which he purchased from his father. His birth occurred in Edgar county, Illinois, on the 29th of October, 1881, his parents being James P. and Elizabeth (Burton) Miller, the former a native of Illinois, while the latter was born in Kentucky. His paternal grandfather, James P. Miller, was a lifelong resident of Paris, Illinois, where he devoted his attention to mercantile pursuits for many years. James P. Miller, Jr., the father of Mr. Miller of this review, followed farming in Illinois until 1891, when he came with his family to the Pacific northwest, after which he worked in the logging camps of the state of Washington until about 1900. Then he purchased a forty-acre tract on the river three and one-half miles southeast of East Stanwood, erected a house thereon and began clearing the land of the woods and brush which covered it. After this task was accomplished he engaged in agricultural pursuits thereon until 1925, when he sold the property to his son, Fred Miller, and removed to Everett, where he purchased and has since conducted a popular hostelry. Mr. and Mrs. James P. Miller are the parents of a son and a daughter : Fred, of this review ; and Mrs. Exie (Miller) Mack, who resides at Everett, Washington. Fred Miller, who was a lad of ten years when he accompanied his parents on their re-. moval to Washington, received his education as a public school pupil at Florence and after HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 477 putting aside his textbooks assisted his father in clearing the home ranch. He operated the place in partnership with his father until 1925, when, as above stated, he purchased the farm. Ten years prior to that time, in 1915, he had acquired a twenty-acre tract, so that he now owns and cultivates altogether sixty acres of excellent bottom land. His principal crops are hay and grain, and in his farm work he utilizes a tractor as well as horses. He milks about twenty-five cows and he has membership in the Dairy Association. On the 5th of April, 1904, Mr. Miller was married to Miss Blanche Berry, a native of Illinois and a daughter of Samuel and Emily (Barrett) Berry, who were born in Indiana and Illinois, respectively. Samuel Berry, an agriculturist by occupation, made two or three trips to Washington before taking up his permanent abode in this state in 1912. He purchased a small place at Marysville, where he and his wife have since made their home. To them were born ten children, namely : Molly, who is deceased ; Mrs. Laura Scoggins ; Mrs. Blanche Miller ; Clarence ; Mrs. Jessie Johnson ; Anna, at home ; Denver ; Floyd ; Mrs. Glenna Carlson ; and Vernon. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Miller have become the parents of five children, as follows : James, who was born April 9, 1905 ; Jessie, whose birth occurred November 26, 1906 ; Claudine, born November 12, 1908 ; Fred, Jr., whose natal clay was August 19, 1910 ; and Frances, who died as an infant in 1913. Possessing marked musical talent, the members of the family have formed an orchestra which is in considerable demand throughout the community as a source of entertainment. Fred Miller plays the violin and drums, his son James is also a violinist and his daughters are skilled pianists. JOSEPH BUNKER FOSS In such men as Joseph Bunker Foss, a successful farmer and public-spirited citizen living near Snohomish, there is peculiar satisfaction in offering their life histories—not that their lives have been such as to gain for them particularly wide notoriety or the admiring plaudits of men, but that they have been true to every demand made upon them and loyal to the community, showing such attributes as entitle them to the regard of their fellowmen. Mr. Foss is a native of Washington county, Maine, born June 4, 1872, and is a son of Fred and Almira (Deering) Foss, both of whom were born and reared in Danforth, Maine. The father, who was reared to the life of a farmer and woodsman, came to Snohomish county in 1874, traveling by railroad to San Francisco and thence by boat to Seattle, where he transferred to another boat for Snohomish. His family followed him about a year later. He first located on the slough near Snohomish, where he remained about one and a half years and then returned to Snohomish, spending some time in logging. In 1876 he bought a tract of land near the present home of our subject and devoted himself to the task of getting it ready for cultivation. There were no roads near his land, the only highway being a rude trail, which was almost impassable in bad weather—in fact it was a number of years after he came here before a road worthy of the name was constructed through his section of the county. The land was covered with a dense growth of virgin timber and the family had but one neighbor aside from the settlers at Snohomish. While clearing his land, the father also worked at logging, being the owner of a good ox team, and in this way he made money for the family expenses until such time as his own land should become productive. The mother devoted herself to the care of the children and cooked for the loggers. Later the father took up a timber claim and bought one hundred and sixty acres of the old Whittier homestead, about fifty acres of which land is now cleared, and subsequently he bought a lot of other land, much of which he later sold, and some of which he cleared. As his land became cleared he put it under cultivation, carrying on general farming and dairying, and in the course of time he found himself on the road to success. He donated much time and labor to the construction of the early roads. Educational facilities were somewhat meager, and his children were compelled to go to Snohomish, walking the entire distance of about three miles in order to secure the advantage of the schools there. The father died in 1907, and is survived by the mother, who still lives on the old home place. To this worthy couple were born seven children, namely : Nettie, who became the wife of B. H. Morgan, now deceased, and she later married again and is now living in Wenatchee, the mother of two children ; Mrs. Addie Boyd, of Boston, who is the mother of one child ; Joseph Bunker of this sketch ; Fred Leroy, of British Columbia, who is married and has one child; May, who is the wife of T. E. Headly, of Everett, and has five children; Forest, living near the home place, who is married and has five children; and Myrtle, who died at the age of nineteen years. Joseph Bunker Foss secured his education in the public schools of Snohomish, and his youth- 478 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ful years were spent in assisting his father in the clearing of the farm and the cultivation of the land. He was married in 1892 and two years later he located on a part of the home farm, on which he did a great deal of clearing. He also worked in the timber during those early years, but since 1908 he has devoted his entire attention to the operation of his farm, in which he has met with splendid success. He has given his main attention to dairying, keeping from twelve to fourteen cows and a registered Guernsey bull. He also has a nice orchard, and his cultivated land is devoted to diversified crops. He has made many fine improvements on his place, which is now numbered among the most valuable farms of that section of the county. On March 9, 1892, Mr. Foss was married to Miss Ruby Russell, who is a native of Illinois and a daughter of Frank B. and Joanna ( Johnson) Russell. Her father, who was a native of Arkansas, died in 1919, while her mother, who was born in Virginia, passed away in 1882. Frank B. Russell came to Snohomish in 1887 and homesteaded a tract of land in Wood's Creek valley, near the Fred Gemmer farm. To Mr. and Mrs. Foss have been born four children, namely: Stena, who is the wife of Arthur Fralick, of Snohomish, and has a daughter; Earl living in Snohomish, who is married and has a daughter ; Helen, who is the wife of Milo Long of Blackman Lake and has one child ; and Myrtle, who remains at home. All of the children received their educational training in the public schools of Snohomish. Mr. Foss is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association ; the Knights of the Maccabees and the Grange at Snohomish. His father was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which he attained the degrees of the chapter, and he and his wife belonged to the Order of the Eastern Star. Our subject has devoted himself indefatigably to the operation of his farm and the splendid measure of success which has crowned his efforts has been well deserved. He has taken a deep interest in all public affairs relating in any way to the prosperity or welfare of his community and has long been numbered among the progressive and influential citizens of the county. ANDREW J. STROTZ One of the best improved, highly productive and most attractive farms in the Stillaguamish valley is that owned by Andrew J. Strotz, and his herd of Jerseys is one of the finest in Snohomish county. He was born on the 9th of March, 1891, on the old Strotz homestead near Silvana and is a son of Andrew and Margaretta (Spealer) Strotz. The father was born in Bavaria, May 17, 1856, a son of John Strotz, and came to the United States in 1873, locating first at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he lived three years, and then went to San Francisco, California, where he was employed in a brewery about eighteen months. In the fall of 1878 he came to Stanwood, Washington, and filed on a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres on the Stillaguamish river, between Silvana and Arlington. The land was heavily timbered and there were no highways leading to his place, so that he was compelled to carry on his back all supplies from Stanwood, a distance of twelve miles. Eventually his land was all cleared and he spent his remaining years there, his death occurring January 7, 1926. He was married, May 15, 1890, to Margaretta Spealer, who also is a native of Bavaria, and a daughter of Michael and Anna (Krow) Spealer, lifelong residents of Germany, where they died about a score of years ago. Mrs. Strotz came to the United States in 1890, being married in the same year. She now lives in a comfortable home on the old farm, owning one hundred and twenty-four acres of fine river bottom land, all of which is under cultivation. To this worthy couple were born five children, namely : Andrew J., the immediate subject of this sketch ; George, who is married and has three children, Violetta, Alfred, and Sylvia; Peter, who is married and has a daughter, Louise ; William, who is married and had twins, only one of whom, Wilbert, is living ; Mrs. Matilda Tabach, who lives in Seattle and is the mother of two daughters, Margarite and Myrtle. Andrew J. Strotz received his education in the Island school, near Silvana, and completed his studies in eastern Washington, having lived in Yakima county ten years. While there he acquired the ownership of thirteen hundred acres of good wheat land, on which he carried on dry farming, and he still owns that land. In 1914 he returned to Snohomish county and located on the old homestead, which he operated for twelve years, and then, in 1924, bought part of the Thomas Jensen homestead, near Silvana, all of which is cleared and under cultivation. He is specializing in dairy farming, keeping thirty-five head of pure bred Jersey cows and a registered Jersey bull. He takes a justifiable pride in this fine herd of cattle, which is admired by all who see it, and he is realizing a well deserved success in this line. He raises good crops of hay and oats, and also clover for ensilage, and the place is in every respect thoroughly up-to-date as regards improvements and equipment. Mr. Strotz HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 479 thoroughly understands his business and is regarded as one of the representative farmers of his section of the county. On October 31, 1922, Mr. Strotz was united in marriage to Miss Meta Kraetz, a native of Arlington, Snohomish county, and a daughter of Anton and Rose (Spearhose) Kraetz, the former of whom was born in Germany and the latter in Minnesota. Mr. and Mrs. Strotz are the parents of a daughter, Rosamund, born September 28, 1923. Mr. Strotz is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and takes a commendable interest in everything pertaining to the progress and development of his locality. He possesses those elements of character which commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen and he enjoys a well merited popularity throughout his section of the county. ANDREW THUESON Andrew Thueson, who is numbered among the successful and influential citizens of southwestern Snohomish county, is a native of Denmark, born January 18, 1864, and is a son of Andrew and Dorothea ( Jansen) Thueson, both of whom spent their entire lives in that country. The father was a farmer by vocation and also operated a flour mill on his farm. Our subject secured his early education in the public schools of his native land and while living in Minnesota he attended night classes. He was staying at a hotel and he and a number of his fellow boarders hired a teacher, who utilized one of the rooms of the hotel as a classroom. Mr. Thueson remained at home with his father until 1881, when he came to the United States, locating at Stillwater, Minnesota, where he lived for sixteen years. He was first employed as a coachman by Isaac Staples and later worked in a grocery store. In 1896 Mr. Thueson came to Snohomish county, Washington, locating at Everett, where about a year later, he embarked in the retail grocery business. Subsequently he went to Marysville, where he carried on the same business for a year, after which he returned to Everett and bought the Webber Brothers grocery store, which he ran successfully for eighteen years. For several years during this period he also had a grocery store at Lowell, and later opened a store at Snohomish, of which his son Carl had charge for awhile, though our subject ran it for about a year prior to locating on his present place in 1923. He had owned this land, comprising twenty-three acres, for some time, and he then devoted himself more closely to its clearing and development, building a comfortable and attractive residence and other necessary buildings, and clearing about nine acres of the land. He has about three acres in raspberries, blackberries and strawberries, and also keeps some chickens. He does not devote himself exclusively to his ranch, as he is employed during a part of each week as a salesman for Swift & Company. In 1884, at Stillwater, Minnesota, Mr. Thueson was married to Miss Ida C. Shuberg, who was born in Sweden, a daughter of John and Johanna (Ryder) Shuberg, who emigrated to the United States many years ago. To Mr. and Mrs. Thueson have been born three children, namely : John, a plumber of Seattle, who is married and has two children, Dorothy and Lenora; Carl, agent for the Fleischmann Yeast Company at Everett, who is married and has a daughter, Gladys ; and Thomas, also with the Fleischmann Company at Seattle, who is married and has a son, Thomas, Jr. Mr. Thueson belongs to the Danish Brotherhood, while his religious connection is with the Lutheran church, to which he gives generous support. He is generous in his attitude toward all worthy causes and cooperates with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the general welfare of the community along material, civic or moral lines. He is a genial and companionable gentleman, popular among his associates, and has the esteem and good will of the entire community, where his many excellent qualities of character and his business ability are recognized and appreciated. JOHN LANGSJOEN Of sturdy Scandinavian stock, John Langsjoen is a worthy representative of one of the honored pioneer families of Snohomish county and ranks with the leading dairymen of the Norman district. His birth occurred in the state of Minnesota, February 14, 1887. His father, John Langsjoen, Sr., was a native of Norway, born in 1853, and remained with his parents, Nels and Caroline Langsjoen, until he reached the age of twenty-four years, when he responded to the lure of the new world. He settled in Minnesota in 1877 and rented a tract of land. For ten years he followed the occupation of farming in that state and in 1887 migrated to Washington, casting in his lot with the early settlers of Snohomish county. He made 480 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the trip up the Stillaguamish in a canoe and purchased the preemption right to one hundred and sixty acres of marsh and bottom land. He was obliged to use oxen for ploughing the fields and the heavy work of the farm, and it was six years before he was the owner of a team of horses. After years of arduous effort he transformed the wild land into a productive tract and made many improvements to the place. He erected a substantial barn one hundred and four by seventy feet in dimensions in 1906, and at that time it was the largest in the county. In 1911 he built a modern residence with a full basement and containing eleven rooms. He was a man of progressive ideas, and his residence was one of the show places of the county. At one time he had thirty acres of land in meadow and as much more in pasture. He owned fifty head of cattle and specialized in dairying and stock raising. He was a firm believer in scientific methods, and his work was systematically performed. He was honest, industrious and enterprising and attained high standing in his community. He was an adherent of the republican party and a Lutheran in religious faith. In 1877, shortly before coming to the United States, Mr. Langsjoen married Miss Johanna Knutson, a daughter of Knot and Molina Knutson, and her demise occurred January 10, 1918, while Mr. Langsjoen was called to his final rest October 1, 1921. To their union were born eight children : Nels, of Silvana ; Julius, deceased ; Carl ; Mrs. Minnie Staswick ; John; Henry ; Cornelius ; and Mrs. Hannah Knutson. John Langsjoen, Jr., attended the public schools of Norman, Washington, and after his education was completed returned home. He assisted his father in the cultivation of the soil, becoming thoroughly familiar with agricultural pursuits, and in 1918 he leased the ranch, which he has since operated. He owns about fifty acres of the property, having purchased the interests of two of the other heirs, and he has an ideal dairy ranch of rich bottom land. He raises hay and oats and has plenty of pastures. He farms with horses and a tractor and follows up-to-date methods, devoting deep thought and study to his work. His dairy is well equipped and its output is of high quality. On November 12, 1921, Mr. Langsjoen married Miss Myrtle Pearl Loe, who was born in South Dakota and is the only child of Paul and Marie (Moen) Loe. Her mother was also born in South Dakota, but Mr. Loe is a native of Norway. He learned the trade of a watchmaker in his youth and in 1897 joined the tide of emigration to the United States. He followed his trade in South Dakota, opening a shop in Irene, and conducted the business until 1906, when he journeyed to the state of Washington. He was the proprietor of a watchmaking establishment in Marysville, this state, for five years and then spent a year in San Diego, California, working at his trade during that period. Returning to Washington, he located in East Stanwood and still conducts a shop at that place. Mr. Langsjoen belongs to Silvana Lodge of the Sons of Norway and to Silvana Lodge of the Modern Woodmen of America. He is a valued member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and supports every measure destined to prove of benefit to his district and state. A lifelong resident of this locality, he is largely familiar with the history of its growth and development, to which he has contributed his share, and public opinion bears testimony to his worth. FRANS I. ANDERSON Frans I. Anderson, a member of one of the old and prominent families of Snohomish county, is widely known as a hydro-electrical engineer and in this connection is rendering valuable service to the residents of Sultan and other towns in this vicinity. A native of Sweden, he was born in 1879 and was but two years old when his parents, John and Kate (Jacobson) Anderson, made the voyage across the Atlantic. They located at Eagle Grove, Iowa, and in 1887 went to California, spending a year in that state. In 1888 they migrated to Washington and in the fall of that year moved from Olympia to Edmonds, where the father followed the carpenter's trade for about eight years. He established his home at Machias in 1896 and is now a resident of East Everett. Recognition of his worth and ability led to his selection for public office and during 1907-1908 he served as county commissioner. He has a wide acquaintance and is a man of sterling character, highly esteemed by all with whom he has been associated. Frans I. Anderson attended the public schools of Washington and also completed a course in a business college. He afterward enrolled as a student at the Heald School of Engineering in San Francisco, California, and was graduated with the class of 1903. For a few years he was associated with his father in the manufacture of lumber and shingles and in 1907 decided upon an independent venture, selecting Granite Falls, Washington, as the scene of his activities. He FRANS I. ANDERSON HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 483 was there engaged in the shingle business for four years and in 1912 allied his interests with those of Sultan. He built a hydro-electric plant of two hundred horsepower and organized the Sultan Electric Company, of which he is the president. His thorough understanding of the scientific principles of his profession enables him to find a ready and accurate solution for all intricate technical problems, and this knowledge is supplemented by executive force and unerring judgment. He has created a large and important public utility, and the company is now supplying Sultan, Gold Bar, Startup and the surrounding country with hydro-electric power, thus aiding materially in the development of the natural resources of this region. In 1908 Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Helena Friese, of Snohomish, Washington, and Kenneth, their only child, is a college student. Mr. Anderson is a Knights Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He is a member of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. He has utilized the forces of nature for the benefit of his fellowmen, and his well developed powers and pronounced ability have brought him to the fore in his profession. J. BRUCE WATSON J. Bruce Watson, proprietor of an up-to-date and admirably appointed bakery at Monroe and one of the leaders in his line in Snohomish county, is a native son of this county and his interests generally have centered here, though for some years he was engaged in business in Aberdeen and in Seattle. He was born in Snohomish, February 6, 1893, and is the last born of the three sons of James Adolph and Ida May (Marquis) Watson, the former a native of St. Joseph, Missouri, and the latter of Des Moines, Iowa, who were married in 1884 and who in 1885 became residents of Snohomish, as is told elsewhere in this work, together with further mention of James Adolph Watson, a retired merchant and baker of Snohomish, who was for years employed as a deputy in the courthouse and who is widely known throughout the county. For three terms James A. Watson served as mayor of Snohomish and the value of his services to the public is widely recognized. Reared in Snohomish, J. Bruce Watson was graduated from the high school there and then became engaged in the bakery business in Aberdeen, where he remained for four years, at the end of which time he moved to Seattle and for a year was there connected with the operations of the Seattle Baking Company, acquiring in this connection a thorough knowledge of modern baking methods. On January 1, 1920, he took over the bakery at Monroe and has since been carrying on business there. This establishment is installed in a building thirty by one hundred and twenty feet in ground dimension and is equipped in up-to-date fashion with electrically operated machinery. The products of the Watson bakery have created a wide demand throughout the trade area centering at Monroe and supply the valley east to the mountains. Eight persons are employed in the bakery and two delivery trucks are required to take care of the trade. In 1917 Mr. Watson married Florence Kolts of Aberdeen and since taking up their residence in Monroe they have become well established there, taking an interested and helpful part in the general social activities of the community. lAIr. Watson is a Scottish Rite Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine and is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, to the affairs of both of which popular fraternal organizations he gives his thoughtful attention. He has demonstrated his high capacity for the business in which he is engaged and has acquired a fine standing in general commercial circles throughout the county. In his political views he has ever sided with the republicans and has ever given helpful attention to local civic affairs, promoting all proper movements for the advancement of the common weal. EDWARD C. HUSBY Edward C. Husby, a well known agriculturist residing in the vicinity of East Stanwood, also enjoys the distinction of being the oldest mail carrier in point of service on a rural route in Snohomish county. His birth occurred in Norway on the 31st of October, 1876, his parents being Christian and Ranghild Ohrwick, who were lifelong residents of that country. Edward C. Husby was their only child. Following the death of the father, the mother was again married, her second union being with Lars Gjengsto. There were six children by this marriage and four of the number are still living, namely : Gertrude, who lives in Norway; George 484 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY J., a resident of Everett, Washington ; Jorgen, who makes his home in Stanwood, Washington ; and Arne, living in Seattle. Edward C. Husby acquired his education in his native land and came to the United States in October, 1897, on attaining his majority. Making his way to Stanwood, Washington, he worked as a railroad section hand for one year and next obtained employment in the logging camps. In 1903 he removed to Seattle, where he drove a milk wagon for three years. On the expiration of that period he returned to Stanwood and then began the operation of an eighty-acre farm which he had purchased in 1898 and which lay three miles east of Cedarhome, Washington. He made his home thereon for a period of three years and busied himself in getting out cedar bolts. Since 1909, Mr. Husby has cultivated a tract of thirty-six acres near Florence which is a part of the old homestead of his father-in-law, the late Gardner Goodrich. He first performed the arduous task of clearing the land of the woods and brush which covered it, built a residence thereon in 1910, erected a commodious barn in 1914 and four years later constructed a silo. Mr. Husby keeps two horses and about twenty head of cattle, half of the number being milk cows. He is a member of the Dairy Association. As above stated, Mr. Husby is the oldest mail carrier in point of service on a rural route in Snohomish county, for he began to carry mail on the rural route out of East Stanwood on the 12th of May, 1908, and has continuously performed his duties in this connection during the past eighteen years. He has also served on the school board for three years and has done effective work for the cause of education as well as in the interests of good roads. On the 11th of May, 1907, Mr. Husby was united in marriage to Miss Mary Goodridge, who was born on the old family homestead near Florence on the 25th of December, 1886. Her parents were Gardner and Jennie Goodridge, the former one of the first white settlers in Snohomish county. An extended review of the life of Gardner Goodridge may be found on another page of this work in connection with the sketch of his son, Llewellyn Goodridge. To Mr. and Mrs. Husby have been born seven children, as follows : William, whose birth occurred October 22, 1908 ; Raymond, born December 5, 1910 ; Orin, who was born April 13, 1912 and died on the 20th of June, 1919 ; Laurine, whose natal day was December 25, 1915 Ranghild, born September 24, 1918 ; Leonard, born July 8, 1921 ; and Calvin, whose birth occurred on the 8th of November, 1924. MARTIN MACHMEIER Martin Machmeier is widely recognized as one of the energetic and progressive farmers of the southwestern part of Snohomish "county, being now engaged in farming near Snohomish. In the course of an honorable career he has been successful in his chosen vocation and has enjoyed the confidence and good will of those with whom he has been associated in either a business or social way. Mr. Machmeier is a native of the state of Wisconsin, born in 1861, and is a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Breiter) Machmeier, both of whom were natives of Germany, where they were reared, educated and married. They came to the United States in 1851, locating at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, of which locality they were pioneers. The mother died in that state, and in 1902 the father came to Washington, locating at Snohomish, where he engaged in farming up to the time of his death, which occurred here in 1918. Martin Machmeier was educated in the public schools of his native state and was reared to agricultural pursuits, which vocation he has made his life work. On coming to Snohomish county he bought one hundred and eighty-seven acres of land, a part of the old Foss tract, about forty acres of which were at that time cleared. He has since cleared about twelve acres and has devoted his efforts largely to dairying, raising his own grain and roughage for his stock. He has a good herd of Holstein and Guernsey cattle, and has been very successful in his operations. He is a man of practical judgment, does thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, and has made many fine improvements of a substantial nature on his place, so that he now has a very comfortable and attractive home. In 1889 Mr. Machmeier was married to Miss Louise Rieck, also a native of Wisconsin, and a daughter of William and Eva (Weber) Rieck, both of whom were born and reared in Germany, the mother being brought to the United States when but six years of age. They located in Wisconsin and there spent the remaining years of their lives, both being now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Machmeier have been born three children, namely : Roland, who has never married and still lives on the home place ; Ruth, who died at the age of nineteen years ; and Clemens, who is married and lives near Beverly Park. Mr. Machmeier has always taken a deep interest in public affairs and while living in Wisconsin was active in local affairs, having served as supervisor, member of the school board and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 485 as township clerk. He is an active and faithful member of the Lutheran church, to which he gives liberal support, as he does to all worthy causes. He stands ever ready to cooperate with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the prosperity and welfare of his community and his influence is on the right side of every moral issue. CHARLES E. TAYLOR For twenty years the Taylor family has been numbered among the most respected families in the southwestern part of Snohomish county, where they have a fine farm of one hundred and forty acres, and where their success, their public-spirited interest in the general welfare of the community and their fine personal qualities have commended them to the esteem and respect of their fellow citizens. Charles E. Taylor was born in Fortuna, California, in 1899, and is a son of I. E. and Mary E. (Arkley) Taylor. The father was a native of Aroostook county, Maine, while the mother was born and reared in California. Her death occurred in 1925. In 1895 I. E. Taylor went to California and located on a big stock ranch, of which a brother of his was manager. He remained there until 1906, when he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought one hundred and forty acres of land, where he now lives. He has about ninety-five acres cleared and is engaged in dairy farming, in which he has met with a very gratifying measure of success. He has also done a good deal of carpenter work, in which he still engages occasionally. He has always been interested in good schools and served many years on the school board, as did his wife. He also served many years as deputy assessor. He is a member of Monroe Lodge, No. 160, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. Charles E. Taylor received his elementary education in the public schools and then entered the State Agricultural College at Pullman, Washington, where he was graduated in 1922, since which time he has devoted himself closely to the home farm, which he is now operating. The house and barns on the place were built by him and his father, and the lumber used in their construction was sawed from timber on their farm. He keeps some excellent registered milk cows and a registered bull. The well cultivated fields yield good crops of hay and grain, and the general appearance of the place indicates thoughtful and intelligent management. In 1924 Mr. Taylor was united in marriage to Miss Esther Harris, a native of California and a daughter of Robert and Mary (Hillis) Harris, the former of whom was born in England and died in 1922, while the mother, who was born in the middle west, now lives in California. Mr. Harris was in the employ of the Atchison, Topeka_ & Santa Fe railroad for thirty years. Mr. Taylor is a member of Monroe Lodge, No. 160, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and the American Legion. During the World war he was in the Students Army Training Camps at Seattle and Port Lawton but was not called into active service. He is a man of sound opinions and progressive ideas, uses scientific methods in his farm work, and is meeting with a very flattering measure of success. He and his father have a wide acquaintance throughout this community and are well deserving of the high esteem which is accorded them. HUGO BACKSTROM Poultry farming has assumed large proportions in Snohomish county and is yearly growing in popularity, affording a fairly sure profit if run on sound principles, while it is a pleasant occupation. Among the successful poultry men of the western part of the county is Hugo Backstrom, who has succeeded because he has given intelligent direction to his efforts and has devoted himself closely to the business. Mr. Backstrom is a native of Sweden, born on the 3d of December, 1867, and was reared at home, attending the public schools. In 1886, when about nineteen years of age, he came to the United States and first located in Michigan, where he lived until 1903, when he removed to Everett, Washington, and engaged in the meat business. He was successful in this venture and conducted the business until 1918, when he sold out to his sons and bought twelve acres of land on Lake Stevens, where he built a splendid home and is now engaged in the poultry business. In 1889 Mr. Backstrom was united in marriage to Miss Amanda Carlson, also a native of Sweden, and to them have been born seven children, as follows : Ernest, who is engaged in the meat business in Everett ; Bettie, who is the wife of Bob Lees, of Everett; Emil, who is in 486 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY partnership with his brother in the meat business at Everett ; Astrid, who is the wife of Milton Gustayson, of Seattle ; Elving, at home ; Carl, who lives at Lake Stevens ; and Ruth, at home. Mr. Backstrom has earnestly endeavored to faithfully perform his duties as a citizen, is generous in his support of all worthy enterprises, and has long enjoyed the esteem and good will of all who know him. LUDWIG TRAPP A varied and interesting career has been that of Ludwig Trapp, who is now engaged in farming near Snohomish, where he has a well improved and productive ranch, and is enjoying a well merited success. Of unceasing industry and preseverance, he has so ordered his life as to win the unbounded respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Trapp is a native of Germany, born in 1868, and is a son of Gottlieb and Sophia (Heller) Trapp, both of whom also were natives of that country. The family came to the United States in 1884, locating in Wisconsin, where Ludwig Trapp had an uncle living. The father had been a blacksmith in the old country and followed that trade after coming to Wisconsin. Ludwig Trapp attended the public schools of Germany and remained with his parents until 1889, when he went to Portland, Oregon, where he remained one year, coming to Snohomish in April, 1890. For a few months after his arrival here he worked in the old brickyard near the river, and then entered the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad as a section hand. During 1893-94 he assisted in building the fences along the Northern Pacific tracks north from Seattle. He then went to Sedro Woolley, where he remained about two years during the construction of the railroad in that locality, at the end of which time he was transferred to Snohomish, still in the employ of the railroad. He later worked for the Great Northern Railroad about a year, at the end of which time he was employed in the Snohomish Feed Mill, where he remained about ten years. Prior to that he had worked in several sawmills. In 1902 Mr. Trapp bought his present place of fifteen acres, to the clearing and improvement of which he at once devoted his attention. The land had been logged but beyond that practically no improvement work had been done. He now has the place cleared, has erected a good set of farm buildings, and is very nicely situated. In the early days he carried on general farming, but now gives his attention to cows, chickens, berries, fruit and potatoes, and in these lines is meeting with good success. He is a hard working man, doing well whatever he undertakes, and the general appearance of his place indicates him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. In 1896 Mr. Trapp was married to Miss Caroline Beherends, a native of Wisconsin, and a daughter of John and Caroline (Gath) Beherends, both of whom are natives of Germany and are now living in Everett. They were married in this country, became pioneer settlers in Wisconsin, and have recently celebrated their golden wedding anniversary. They came to Snohomish in May, 1890, and Mr. Beherends was employed by Bakeman, the undertaker, but later was a section foreman for the Great Northern Railroad until he retired from active labor in 1923 and moved to Everett. To Mr. and Mrs. Trapp have been born eleven children, namely : Lewis, of Snohomish, who is married and has two sons ; Clara, at home ; Marie, Walter, Arthur, George, Paul, Rosie, Herman, Charles and Ella, all of whom were born at Snohomish. Mr. Trapp is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has been true and loyal in every relation of life, has always stood for all that is best in community activities, and has given his influence to the support of all measures for the betterment of the public good. Because of his splendid record and his friendly manner, he has long held a high place in the confidence and good will of his fellowmen. JACOB W. BOLENBAUGH Jacob W. Bolenbaugh, who successfully follows farming near Monroe, is a native of Wisconsin, born on the 9th of February, 1856, and is a son of John and Nancy (Wilson) Bolen-baugh. The mother was a native of Ohio and died at the age of eighty-seven years. The father was a soldier of the Union army during the Civil war and died of sickness while in the army. He had gone to Wisconsin as a pioneer and there engaged in farming. Jacob W. Bolenbaugh received his education in the public schools of Wisconsin and Michi- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 487 gan, having gone to the latter state in 1867. He remained there until 1876, being employed in the woods in winter and working in a shingle mill in summer. He then came west, arriving in Snohomish county, Washington, May 2, 1876. He was at Lowell several years, being employed to drive an ox team in Eugene Smith's lumber camp. In 1878 he went to Ellensburg, where he engaged in the cattle business and also ran a pack train. In 1882 he and his wife went to Wenatchee valley and settled, being the first white family to make a home in that district. They drove in with pack horses and lived in that locality until 1894, having taken up a squatter's right, before the land had been surveyed. In 1894 Mr. Bolenbaugh came to Monroe and for many years was engaged in farming and timber contracting, but in 1910 he bought eighty acres of land where he now lives. None of the land had been cleared but through his persistent efforts he now has about seventeen acres under cultivation. He is giving his chief attention to dairying, keeping eight good cows and a registered Guernsey bull. The soil is fertile and well cultivated and he raises splendid crops of hay and grain. The improvements on the place are all of a substantial character, and the ranch is now one of the best managed in this locality. In 1879, at Ellensburg, Mr. Bolenbaugh was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Shaser, who was born near Olympia, Washington. Her parents, George and Margaret (Packwood) Shaser, were natives of Canada and Missouri, respectively. They crossed the plains by ox team in 1845, going to the present location of Oregon City, and there they spent the winter, their chief article of food being boiled wheat. They then went to Thurston county, Washington, and took up a donation claim. They were married during the journey across the plains, and Mr. Shaser, who was in the Indian war here of 1855-56, was captain of the train. To Mr. and Mrs. Bolenbaugh have been born five children, namely : Mrs. Nora Peters, of Utah, has two children by a former marriage, who were reared by Mr. and Mrs. Bolenbaugh. Miles, who lives on the home farm, married Miss Oleta Stephens. Mrs. Arzilla Howard, who lives near Cashmere, is the mother of two children. Mrs. Eva Stephens makes her home near Seattle. .Mrs. Jessie Wells, also residing near Seattle, is the mother of one child. Mr. Bolenbaugh is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has been active in advancing educational interests in his locality, having assisted in the organization of several school districts and while living east of the mountains he served as a member of the school board. He has also done a good deal of free road work, for the early roads were so poor as to be almost impassable, it requiring a full day to drive to Monroe. He was also clerk of the school board of the Fern Bluff district several years. Conditions have undergone a wonderful transformation since the time he came to this country, when it required nine days to make the railroad trip from Michigan to Sacramento. He has for over twenty-five years been a member of Monroe Lodge, No. 156, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His son Miles is a member of Naval Lodge, No. 353, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, at Port Angeles. He has been a steamboat captain for twenty years in the Puget Sound district. JOHN A. BERG For over forty years John A. Berg has been a resident of Washington and has played well his part in the great drama of civilization which has been enacted here, contributing to the development and improvement of the localities where he has lived. He was born in Guttenberg, Sweden, in 1855, and is a son of A. E. and Marianna Berg, both of whom were lifelong residents of Sweden. The father was a farmer by vocation and also taught school for many years. In the family were two children : John A., and Mrs. Augusta Anderson, who is deceased. John A. Berg received a good public school education and after completing his studies he followed the sea for two years. In 1872 he went to Germany and for about seven years was employed as a farm hand. In 1880 he came to the United States, locating first in Nebraska, where he lived for three years, and then came to Washington. For a time he worked in logging camps and sawmills around Seattle, and then went to Kitsap county, Washington, where he took up a preemption claim to eighty acres of land, all of which was covered with timber. He cleared forty acres of this land and carried on farming operations for eleven years, at the end of which time he sold it and, coming to Snohomish county, bought thirty acres of land, which was partly cleared, and which he now has all under cultivation. He lived on that place about twenty years and then, in 1919, bought twenty acres of land on the highway, one and a half miles southeast of Silvana, which he has finished clearing. About 1912 he had bought eighteen and a half acres near by and now has more than sixty acres of fine 488 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and well improved land lying on the river and from which he receives splendid crops of hay, oats and corn, the latter being devoted mainly to ensilage. Mr. Berg keeps twenty-two head of good grade Guernsey cows and has a registered Guernsey bull. He has made many substantial and up-to-date improvements on his farm, which is one of the best in this section of the county. On July 26, 1891, Mr. Berg was united in marriage to Miss Lura Torske, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Nets and Randa Torske. Her father is now living at Silvana, at the age of ninety years. To Mr. and Mrs. Berg have been born six children, namely : Mrs. Josie Thorsen, who is the mother of two children, Emma and Carlene ; Arvid N., who remains at home, as do Oscar T., John A. and Milton J. ; and Mrs. Juta Orcutt, who lives at Conway, Skagit county, and is the mother of two children, Betty L. and Violet Jane. Mrs. Berg came to the United States in 1888 and is a lady of splendid character and kindly manner, who has the love and respect of all who know her. Mr. Berg is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is a man of well defined opinions, has taken a good citizen's interest in the welfare of his community, being a strong advocate of good schools and improved roads, and served effectively as a member of the school board. To such men as he is the county indebted for its present prosperity, and by his life and activities he has earned a place in the front rank of the representative men of Snohomish county. IVAR S. THOMLE Ivar S. Thomle, one of the most progressive and prosperous agriculturists and highly respected citizens of Snohomish county, resides in the vicinity of East Stanwood. His birth occurred in Norway on the 5th of February, 1880, his parents being N. B. and Emilie (Lois-gaard) Thomle, also natives of that country. The father conducted a brickyard and also a sawmill in Norway prior to his emigration to the United States in 1890, which year witnessed his arrival in Seattle, Washington. Thence he came to Stanwood and purchased fifty-six acres of land near Florence, the tract lying on the Stillaguamish river, one mile southeast of Stanwood, and being a part of the James Cuthbert homestead which was acquired in the '60s and was one of the first five places taken up in the northern part of Snohomish county. Mr. Thomle set himself to the task of clearing the land, which with the exception of a few acres was covered with timber, and thereon he made his home until called to his final rest on the 19th of February, 1911. In the year 1905 he visited Norway and Germany with his daughter Christine. His widow is still living at the age of seventy-nine years. Their family numbered nine children, two of whom died in infancy, while the others are recorded below. (1) Ivar S., of this review, is the eldest. (2) Erik L. is a sea captain who makes his home in Norway. (3) Ottar A., a graduate of Rush Medical College of Chicago, is successfully engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Everett, Washington. (4) Christine M., who is a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and also of the University of Washington in Seattle, is now a history teacher in the Broadway high school of Seattle. (5) Magnus G., living in New York, has represented Snohomish county in the lower house of the general assembly and also in the state senate for one term. (6) Raghnild D. engaged in the profession of school teaching prior to her marriage to William Bulow and now makes her home in Seattle. (7) Gudveig, a graduate of the University of Washington in Seattle and a school teacher for several years, departed this life on the 19th of April, 1918. Ivar S. Thomle, who was a lad of ten years when he came with his parents to America, received his education as a grammar school pupil at Florence. After leaving school he took charge of the ranch and in 1921 purchased the interests of the other heirs in the property, which he now operates alone. He had acquired an adjoining tract of forty acres in 1900 and therefore now owns ninety-six acres of fine delta land on the Stillaguamish river, all under cultivation. More recently he bought a large ranch situated one and one-half miles east of the home place. The land is partly cleared and he utilizes it largely for pasturing sheep and young cattle. Mr. Thomle milks a fine herd of thirty Holstein cows and has a registered bull as well as a good band of sheep. His principal crops are hay and oats and rich harvests annually reward his well directed labors. He enjoys an enviable reputation as one of the most successful farmers and prominent citizens of the district and takes an active part in community development work, being particularly interested in the good roads movement and in the cause of education. In fact all measures tending toward the material, intellectual and moral advancement of the community receive his hearty support and cooperation. He was one of the organizers and is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and he also belongs to the Sons of Norway. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 489 On the 15th of June, 1916, Mr. Thomle was united in marriage to Ildrid Reitan, a native of Norway and a daughter of Johan and Breit (Bruset) Reitan, who were also born in that country. The father, an agriculturist by occupation, is still living in Norway, but the mother passed away in 1923. Mr. and Mrs. Johan Reitan reared a family of four children, namely : Johan, an electrical engineer residing in Norway ; Mrs. Ildrid Thomle; Breita, who lives in Norway ; and Anders, who resides on the old home ranch and who is a cabinetmaker by trade. Mrs. Ildrid Thomle crossed the Atlantic to the United States in 1913 and lived in Wisconsin for a period of six months prior to coming to Snohomish county, Washington. By her marriage she has one daughter, Erna Bernice, whose natal day was October, 30, 1924. THOMAS BLAKE One of the up-to-date poultry farmers of Snohomish county is Thomas Blake, whose success has been attained by his own unaided efforts and by the exercise of that sound judgment which is ordinarily called common sense. He was born in New Zealand, March 24, 1881, and is a son of John and Jane (McMillan) Blake. His father was a native of Maine and in his young manhood went to sea on a whaler, spending a number of years in that way, his last voyage lasting five years. Owing to bad treatment by the ship's officers, the entire crew of twenty-four men left the vessel at West Australia and started overland across the continent. A short distance from the coast they saw a company of natives approaching and were making preparations to defend themselves when one of their number, a one-eyed Scotchman, saw a white man with the natives. He proved to be a constable with native troops after the ship's crew. They surrendered but in checking up the men the constable found he had only twenty-two names on his list, John Blake's name being one of the two omitted. The latter were then released and Blake then went to New Zealand, where he lived for a few years. He was married there and in 1886 brought his family to San Francisco. From there they went to the eastern states but returned the following year and located in Tacoma. Later he removed to Lewis county, Washington, where he engaged in farming, and there his death occurred in 1919. Our subject's mother, who was a native of Scotland, died in New Zealand. Thomas Blake attended the public schools of Tacoma about eight months and completed his education in the schools of Lewis county. He then went to work in the woods and was employed practically all over the timber regions of the coast. In 1903 he came to Snohomish county, locating first at Arlington, where he worked in the woods until September, 1915, and then bought twenty-five acres of land where he now lives. The land had been logged off, but was otherwise uncleared, being densely covered with brush, logs and stumps. He now has about ten acres under the plow and has given his main attention to the chicken business, which he has found to be both a pleasant and profitable occupation. He keeps about a thousand laying hens, of the single-comb White Leghorn variety, and he also does some hatching. On June 23, 1915, Mr. Blake was united in marriage to Miss Ella Thacker, who was born in Illinois, and is a daughter of W. H. and Melinda (Smith) Thacker, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Ohio. Her parents came to Arlington in 1903, being retired from active life, and both died there. Mr. Thacker had lived at Mount Vernon and at Friday Harbor, San Juan island, before coming to Arlington, where he successfully practiced law and had served many years as a member of the legislature. To Mr. and Mrs. Blake have been born five children, John, Jeane, Muriel, Neva and Dona May, deceased, all of whom were born on the home place. Mr. Blake is a member of Monroe Lodge, No. 156, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Because of his marked social qualities, his excellent character and his business success, he has gained an enviable place in the esteem and confidence of the entire community. WILLIAM BODELL William Bodell has long been one of the enterprising and influential citizens of his section of Snohomish county and his life constitutes a connecting link with the pioneer period, of which he has many interesting reminiscences. Through his loyal efforts his community has reaped lasting benefits, for his public spirit and progressive policy have been directed along lines calculated to be of general good. Mr. Bodell was born in Galena, Jo Daviess county, Illinois, in 1862, and is a son of Hugh and Margaret (Bruce) Bodell, the latter a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The father, a native of Ireland, came to this country in his 490 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY boyhood and received his education in the public schools here. He then turned his attention to farming, which he followed during the remaining years of his life. William Bodell attended the public schools of Galena until eleven years of age, when he started out to make his own way in the world. He worked on farms in that neighborhood until 1881, when he went to Nebraska, where he worked as a farm hand about a year. In the spring of 1883 he came to Snohomish county and his first employment here was on the river, while later lie turned his attention to work in the woods, being in the employ of Elwell & Jackson. After following that line of work for about seven years, he resumed farming, having, in 1889, bought o f Frank Mellis a relinquishment to the homestead rights in one hundred and twenty acres of land, comprising his present farm. The land at that time was covered with standing timber and the only highway was a skid road which ran near his place. He was compelled to pack in all his provisions and other supplies and for several years he made his home in a little shack which stood near his land. To clearing and developing this place he devoted his time with indomitable energy and eventually got it all logged off and now has nearly ten acres completely cleared, the remainder being in pasture. Until about ten years ago, Mr. Bodell also did a good deal of logging on his own account in this section of the county but in the last decade has given his attention entirely to his ranch. He is doing considerable dairying, keeping twelve good grade cows, and also has a registered Guernsey bull, being one of the first in this locality to own a pure bred bull. His efforts in improving the quality of his herd have borne good results and his milk now tests high, a recent test showing six and two-tenths per cent of butter fat. Progressive and up-to-date in his methods, he has long been considered one of the most enterprising farmers of this community. He has made improvements of a permanent and substantial nature and his place is now a very comfortable and attractive farmstead. Mr. Bodell has been twice married, first in 1888 to Miss Adeline Dubuque, who was a native of Minnesota and who died in 1899. She was a daughter of Nels and Laura (Faggerty) Dubuque, the former a native of Canada, and both were residents of Snohomish county prior to Mr. Bodell's arrival. To Mr. and Mrs. Bodell were born three children, namely : Sarah, who is the wife of J. A. Stephenson, of Oakland, California, and the mother of one son; Mrs. Carrie Langlois, of Everett ; and William, who died at the age of eight years. In 1914 Mr. Bodell was married to Mrs. Margery Dempsey, who was born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, a daughter of Edward McMullen, who brought his family to Snohomish county about thirty years ago. Fraternally Mr. Bodell was a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, the Court of Honor and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, but is not now actively affiliated with any society. Mr. Bodell has always manifested a helpful interest in public affairs of his locality, has served as road supervisor of his district and in early days he was active and successful in his efforts to secure the building of roads through his district. The present road running by his farm was obtained through his personal efforts and petition, the result of which was that he secured at the outstart fifteen dollars from the district road fund, and later received a similar amount. He contributed freely of his time and labor in the building of the early highways and in every possible way assisted in the development and improvement of the community. It has been just such spirit and enterprise as he has shown that has caused the great west to he reclaimed and ultilized and this country is under an everlasting debt of gratitude to those who, like him, have shown a disposition to make the best of their surroundings and have unselfishly contributed to the general welfare. Because of his splendid character, large success, and fine spirit of friendliness, he has attained and retains an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen throughout this section of the county. FRANK McCORMICK Among the successful self-made men who are today honoring Snohomish county by their residence stands Frank McCormick, whose well improved farm lies in the vicinity of Monroe. He was born in Harrisonville, Indiana, in 1864, and is a son of Charles C. and Annis (Barker) McCormick, the former a native of Ottawa, Canada, and the latter of Bedford, Lawrence county, Indiana. The father was educated for the Roman Catholic priesthood. He left Canada and served three years in the Union army during the Civil war, after which he left the Catholic church and became a minister of the Christian church. Frank McCormick received his education in the public schools of Indiana, in which state lie lived until eighteen years of age. He then started for the Pacific coast but met a man who persuaded him to stop off at Denver. Later he went to Wyoming and spent three years on HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 491 cattle ranches of that state. In 1886 he came to the coast, stopping first at Portland and then going to Astoria, in which part of the country he remained many years. He took up a homestead in Klatsop county, Oregon, on which he lived until 1898. He then went to Tillamook, Oregon, where he had an uncle living, and remained there three years, being employed to run the electric plant in a mill, which also furnished light for the town. In 1898 Mr. McCormick went to Alaska, where he remained two years. He engaged in prospecting, staking several claims in the Copper river country. He and his companions were the first to explore that locality and were the first white men the Indians there had ever seen. After two years in that territory, Mr. McCormick returned to Oregon and operated the electric light plant at Tillamook for about six months, when he sold it and in 1901 came to Everett, Washington, where he remained a short time. He then bought one hundred and twenty acres of land where he now lives but now owns one hundred acres, and here he has devoted his attention to the creation of a good farm and its operation. The timber was practically uncut on the place, the only improvements being an old shack and a small orchard. For several years after coming here he worked in Stephens Brothers' mill, and later with their successor, Mr. Wagner, but of late years he has devoted his entire time and attention to the ranch. He now has about twenty-seven acres cleared and under cultivation and is giving his attention chiefly to dairying. He keeps from eight to ten good grade Holstein cows, for which he raises an abundance of feed on his land. He has made a number of up-to-date improvements on the place, which have added to the value and attractiveness of the ranch. In 1887, at Tillamook, Oregon, Mr. McCormick was united in marriage to Miss Daisy Pearson, who was born at Astoria, Oregon, a daughter of Addison and Johanna Pearson, the former of whom was a veteran of the Civil war. Her mother was born in Klatsop county, Oregon, of which locality her family were pioneers, and she is still living in Tillamook. To Mr. and Mrs. McCormick have been born six children, namely : Mrs. Muriel Meer, of Everett; Merle, who is married and is now in the United States navy, serving in the South seas; Mrs. Neva Bayles, who lives east of the mountains and has a son, David; Verla, Binny and Eo. Mr. McCormick is a member of Monroe Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and the incident connected with his becoming a Mason is worthy of repetition. While he was in Alaska one of his partners was an old man, not very strong physically. He was a Mason, and during a scourge of the scurvy two brother Masons were taken sick. Mr. McCormick's partner was drawn to assist in getting them out, but, because of his age and physical condition, our subject volunteered to take his place. It was a four day trip, during which time they were compelled to cross a glacier, and were overtaken by a blizzard when about half way across. Mr. McCormick was greatly impressed by the loyalty of the Masons to each other, and they in turn were so appreciative of his unselfish efforts in their behalf that when they got out he was made a Mason, by special dispensation, and has been loyal to the order ever since. OLE MORAN Ole Moran, a successful mill man of Stanwood, has been a resident of northwestern Washington during the past four decades. His birth occurred in Norway on the 31st of August, 1860, his parents being Ole and Malina Moran, who were also natives of that countrv. The father, who emigrated to the United States in 1881, settled first in Rochester, Minnesota, where he remained for three years. On the expiration of that period he removed to South Dakota, where he took up a homestead claim and spent practically the remainder of his life, passing away about 1906, when he had reached the advanced age of ninety-nine years. The mother departed this life about 1901. Their family numbered eight children, six of whom still survive. Ole Moran pursued his education in the public schools of his native land and after putting aside his textbooks worked on farms until 1879. In that year, when a youth of nineteen, he emigrated to America, locating first in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, where he was employed as a wood cutter for eight months. Subsequently he made his way to Rochester, Minnesota, where he remained for five or six years, working in the woods and in the sawmills. It was in April, 1886, that he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and during the two succeeding years he worked on the boom at Stanwood. In 1888 he took a preemption at McMurray, Skagit county, where he resided for fifteen months, at the end of which time he sold the place and returned to Stanwood, where he worked on the boom and in the shingle mill. In 1899 he removed to Lynden, Whatcom county, Washington, and for nearly two years made his home there on a ranch which he owned. On the expiration of that period, in 1901, he 492 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY again came back to Stanwood, where he has resided continuously to the present time. He disposed of his ranch at Lynden and purchased an attractive residence in Stanwood. Mr. Moran also owns a valuable ranch of seventy-six acres at Centralia, Washington, which is now leased. In December, 1888, Mr. Moran was united in marriage to Lulu B. Bauer, a native of Madison county, Illinois, and a daughter of Henry and Barbara (Iokers) Bauer, the former born in Germany and the latter in France. Henry Bauer crossed the Atlantic to the United States in 1852 and settled at Alton, Illinois. He made his way to Colorado in the middle '50s and at that time he might have traded a pack mule for one hundred and sixty acres of land on the present site of Denver. Mr. Bauer fought in defense of the Union during the entire period of the Civil war and was injured in battle. After the cessation of hostilities between the north and the south he returned to Illinois, in which state he purchased a farm and devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits for a period of forty years, at the end of which time he sold his property. The remainder of his life was spent in honorable retirement, his death occurring on the 18th of July, 1912, when he had attained the age of seventy-eight years. His wife passed away on the 26th of December, 1916. Their family numbered six children, as follows : Mrs. Lulu Moran; Mrs. Elizabeth Adams, a resident of East St. Louis, Illinois ; Mrs. Emma Adams, living at Collinsville, Illinois ; J. P. Bauer, who resides at Delhi, Illinois; Mrs. Helen Haag, deceased; and Mrs. Hertha Dependahl, living at Delhi, Illinois. Mrs. Lulu Moran, the wife of Ole Moran, came to Washington in 1887. It had been her intention to go to Alaska, but she got only as far as this state and was here married in the following year. Mr. and Mrs. Moran are the parents of four daughters and one son, recorded below. (1) Mrs. Meta Ruth is the mother of a daughter, Verle, who was born July 22, 1910, and is a senior in the high school. (2) Mrs. Rose Bowie, who was graduated from the Seattle General Hospital and subsequently pursued postgraduate work in Columbia Sloan Hospital, served overseas as a graduate nurse for a period of eighteen months during the World war, being attached to Dr. Eagleson's Base Hospital No. 50. She has a daughter, Rosemary, whose birth occurred November 20, 1921. (3) Maurice B. served in the world conflict as a member of Company B, Fifty-seventh Engineers, which was on the River Seine, carrying supplies to the front on the steamer Limerick, the first American boat owned and manned by American sailors and soldiers. He resides at Newcastle, Washington. (4) Mrs. Leah Richards, who also makes her home at Newcastle, Washington, is the mother of a son, Keith, who was born February 4, 1923. (5) Pat Moran, a high school graduate who also pursued a course in Wilson's Modern Business College in Seattle, now holds a responsible position in that city as assistant office manager with Rhodes Department Store. OLAF RYDJORD An excellent farm of fifty-one acres on the lower Stillaguamish river, lying three-quarters of a mile south of East Stanwood, pays annual tribute to the care and cultivation bestowed upon it by Olaf Rydjord, who has owned the property for nearly three decades. His birth occurred in Norway on the 8th of April, 1866, his parents being 0. J. and Eldri Rydjord, lifelong residents of that country, who• died about the year 1900. The father was an agriculturist by occupation. Mr. and Mrs. 0. J. Rydjord reared a family of three children, namely : Olaf, of this review ; Anton, who resides on the old homestead in Norway, and Mrs. Anna Barlup, who lives with her brother Olaf on the latter's ranch near Stanwood. Olaf Rydjord acquired his education in the public schools of Norway and assisted his father in the operation of the home farm until 1890, when as a young man of twenty-four years he emigrated to the United States. It had been his desire to go to South America, but he changed his plans in order to please his parents and made his way direct to Stanwood, Washington. After spending a few years in the employ of others he rented the H. C. Anderson ranch, comprising three hundred and twenty acres in the vicinity of Stanwood, whereon he remained for eight years, conducting a large dairy and also raising hay and grain. In 1898 he purchased a tract of fifty-one acres situated three-quarters of a mile south of East Stanwood, fifteen acres of which had been cleared, while the remainder was pasture and woods. He has continued on this place to the present time and now has a highly improved farm, all of the land being under cultivation and very productive. Mr. Rydjord annually raises large crops of hay and keeps twenty-five good grade Holstein cows on his pasture. The fine residence on the farm was remodeled in 1909, while in the following year he built a substantial and commodious barn. The other outbuildings are equally adequate and altogether the property presents a neat and well kept appearance. Mr. Rydjord is widely known as a capable and successful farmer MR. AND MRS. OLAF RYDJORD HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 495 whose efforts have been attended with splendid results. His wife, who completed her education at the University of South Dakota, owns twenty-nine acres of rich land adjoining the town of Stanwood on the north and has proved of great assistance to him in the conduct of his agricultural interests. On the 22d of February, 1908, Mr. Rydjord was married to Phena Leknes, a native of Norway and a daughter of Samson Anderson and Susan Leknes, who were also born in that country. The father brought his family to the United States in 1870, settling in Clay county, South Dakota, where he purchased a homestead right of one hundred and sixty acres and subsequently acquired another quarter section of land, remaining a resident of the Sunshine state to the time of his death, which occurred in February, 1878. The mother departed this life on the 19th of October, 1922, when eighty-four years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Leknes were the parents of seven children, as follows : Mrs. L. 0. Stubb, a resident of Norman, Washington ; Ole, deceased; Sophia, living in Seattle, Washington; Katherine, who has been a teacher in the public schools in Seattle for forty years ; Mrs. Phena Rydjord ; Andrew L., who was principal of the Stanwood high school for ten years and is now assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Stanwood ; and one who died in infancy. Miss Phena Leknes came to Stanwood, Washington, in 1903 in company with her brother Andrew and kept house for her brother Ole until she became the wife of Mr. Rydjord. In community affairs Mr. Rydjord has manifested a deep and helpful interest, supporting all movements and measures instituted to promote the general welfare. The cause of education has ever found him a stanch champion and he is also an earnest advocate of the good roads movement. He is a very well read man, possessing a fine library, and enjoys nothing more than sitting down with a good volume of history. Mr. Rydjord is a worthy son of Norway and may well be proud of what the people of his race have accomplished in the development of the northwestern part of the United States. NORMAN B. NEWMAN Among the representative farmers of Snohomish county stands Norman B. Newman, who has devoted himself closely to his ranch interests, having carried on the various departments of his work with that discretion, foresight and energy which are sure always to find the natural sequence in definite success. Beginning his task here under forbidding conditions, he refused to be discouraged by the enormous amount of work to he accomplished and his persistent efforts have been abundantly rewarded in the prosperity which is now his. Mr. Newman was born in Delaware county, Iowa, in 1866, and is a son of George and Mary A. (Bailey) Newman, who were born, reared and married in New York. In 1852 the father left his native state and, traveling by way of the Great lakes and the rivers, reached St. Joseph, Missouri, whence he crossed the plains by ox-team to California, where he engaged in mining. Some years afterward he made a trip to Australia but did not remain there long, returning to California, where he continued until the opening of the Civil war. He returned east by way of the Isthmus of Panama, where he took passage for New York, and during the voyage their ship was chased by the Confederate cruiser Alabama, one of the historic ships of that period. After his return he remained but a few years in New York and in 1864 started west again. not alone this time, for he had married a short time before. He and his wife went to Iowa and located on a farm in Delaware county, where they spent their remaining years. Norman B. Newman received his education in the public schools of Iowa, remaining on his father's farm until he had attained his majority. He then worked on farms in that locality until his marriage, in 1892, when he began farming on his own account on rented land in Iowa. He remained there until 1902, when he went to Williams county, North Dakota, and homesteaded a tract of land, to the cultivation of which he devoted himself until 1911. In 1912 he came to Snohomish county and bought the ten acre tract which comprises his present ranch and to the operation of which he has devoted his efforts continuously since. When he took possession of the land it was covered with stumps and .second-growth timber. He has succeeded in clearing about half of the land, the remainder being devoted to pasture. He has erected good buildings and now has a very comfortable and attractive place. He has two acres in raspberries and has a nice producing orchard. He also gives considerable attention to the raising of chickens, in which he has met with encouraging success, and he keeps three cows. He is a practical farmer, understanding every phase of the work, and has gained the reputation of doing thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, this being one of the secrets of the success which has accompanied his efforts. In 1892 Mr. Newman was married to Miss Hulda Ortberg, who is a native of Sweden and a 496 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY daughter of John and Johanna (Larson) Ortberg, both of whom were born at Helsingford, Sweden, whence they came to the United States, locating in Iowa, where the father engaged in farming. To Mr. and Mrs. Newman have been born ten children. Mary is the wife of A. H. Miller, of Allensburg, and is the mother of three children. Reginald W., who enlisted in Company M, One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Infantry Regiment, went to France on December 24, 1917, saw active service, and then was stricken with diphtheria, from which he made partial recovery, then had a relapse and died. George died in North Dakota at the age of twelve years. Norman is at home. Nina is the wife of Ted Sorgenfrei, of Wood Creek, and they have two children. John lives in Allensburg. Carl graduated from high school in 1926. Richard is now in high school. William and Frederick are also in school. Mr. Newman has for many years been actively interested in educational affairs, having served as a member of school boards in Iowa and North Dakota, being chairman of the board in the latter state, and since coming to Snohomish county has served several years as a member of the school board of the Three Lakes district, serving also as clerk of the board. He and his wife are members of Garden City Grange, at Snohomish. Mr. Newman is a close and thoughtful reader, keeping himself well informed on the great issues of the day and holding well defined opinions. He is particularly interested in everything relating to the welfare or prosperity of his own community and gives his earnest support to every measure for the public good. Courteous and accommodating in his relations with his neighbors and genial and pleasant in his social contacts, he has long held an enviable place in the regard of all who know him. PETER GUNDERSON Peter Gunderson, a true pioneer of Snohomish county, the growth and development of which he has witnessed and aided during the past half century, is a retired agriculturist now residing one year in Minnesota took up a homestead claim in Minnehaha county, South Dakota, his parents being Gudman and Johanna (Peterson) Gunderson, who were also natives of that country, the former born on the 15th of June, 1814, and the latter on the 29th of June, 1815. Gudman Gunderson brought his family to the United States in 1866 and after spending one year in Minnesota took up a homestead claim in Minnehaha county, South Dakota, where he engaged in farming to the time of his death, which occurred in 1880. His wife passed away in South Dakota in the year 1895. Peter Gunderson was a young man of twenty years when in 1866 he accompanied his parents on their emigration to America, After a year's residence in Minnesota the family took up their abode in the vicinity of Sioux Falls, Minnehaha county, South Dakota. In the fall of 1867, Peter Gunderson made his way to Yankton, South Dakota. Earlier in the same year, while the family was journeying from the Gopher state to South Dakota, they encountered a band of three hundred Indians near Pipestone, Minnesota. As the red men showed no hostility, Gudman Gunderson gave them sugar and coffee, as well as a hundred pound sack of flour, and left them in a spirit of friendliness. About two years later, when the Gundersons were living on the James river in South Dakota, the same band of Indians paid 'them a visit. Mr. Gunderson always believed in treating the red men as friends and won their lasting gratitude through kindness and generosity. Peter Gunderson and a sister traveled the distance of seventy-five miles to Sioux Falls on foot. On the South Dakota ranch he built a little dugout on a hill, constructing the roof of small logs which he covered with dirt on top and with slough grass underneath. He proved up on the p'ace and remained thereon until 1876. It was necessary to travel over one hundred miles to St. Helena, Nebraska, to get a little wheat ground into flour. It was in the spring of 1876 that Peter Gunderson left South Dakota and journeyed by rail to Sacramento, California. Next he traveled by boat from San Francisco to Portland, Oregon, and thence to Kalama, Washington, while from the latter place he went by train to Tacoma, where he boarded a boat for Seattle and thence embarked for Utsaladdy. He purchased eighty acres of tidewater land, three miles north of Stanwood, which was partly diked, completed the process of diking as soon as possible and began farming the property. He was obliged to go by sailboat to Seattle for provisions and supplies until 1877, when D. O. Pearson opened a store at Stanwood. To his original tract sixty acres more were added, and the whole was eventually cleared and brought to a high state of cultivation. While Mr. Gunderson gave most of his attention to hay and oat raising, frequently harvesting one hundred bushels to the acre on the average of the latter crop, he is a believer in diversified farming and kept fifteen dairy cows besides other cattle, fifty head of sheep and a few hogs and horses. He has HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 497 every reason to be, and is, well satisfied with the Stillaguamish country. His appreciation of its worth was, he says, heightened by a three months' visit to his old home land, which he made some twenty-eight years ago. While it is true that such men as he would get along well wherever their lot might be cast, it is also true that he owes to the resources of the Stanwood country, as well as to his own energy and good judgment, the fact that he became the owner of one hundred and forty acres of bottom land worth over two hundred dollars per acre. He acquired in addition one hundred acres of land on Ebey island, also some lots in Everett and a dwelling in Mount Vernon, where he took up his abode about 1909 and continued to reside until the death of his wife, which occurred February 15, 1915. During the past eleven years or more Mr. Gunderson has made his home with his daughter, Mrs. Marie Holte, who resides one mile east of Conway. On the 10th of September, 1868, in Minnesota, Peter Gunderson was married to Betsy Larson, who was born in Norway on the 4th of July, 1836. Her parents, Lars and Christina Larson, emigrated from their native land of Norway to the United States in 1857 and spent the remainder of their lives in Minnesota. Peter Gunderson became the father of eleven children and now has forty-five grandchildren and twenty-one great-grandchildren. His daughter, Mrs. Marie Holte, is the mother of four children, namely : Mrs. Gina Johnson, who has a family of three children ; Bernard ; Grace ; and Lester. Further mention of the family is made on other pages of this publication in connection with the sketches of George L. and W. A. Gunderson, sons of Peter Gunderson. In politics Peter Gunderson is a stanch republican, while his religious faith is that of the Lutheran church. He is now an octogenarian and well deserves the tribute of a contemporary biographer, who said : "Among the men who have steadily worked their way from poverty to affluence in Snohomish county, coming within its bounds in pioneer days and toiling steadily with brain and brawn in an effort to subdue the land and render its riches available to man, the worthy pioneer, Peter Gunderson, is deserving of a prominent place. Not ambitious for political preferment or personal aggrandizement, he identified himself with the honest toiling class, who are the real strength and the proudest boast of any community. Coming to the Stanwood country in the middle '70s when land of good quality could be had for from ten to fifteen dollars per acre, he has seen the same lands advance until they are now worth fifteen times that sum. He has had his full share of profit from this advance, and is entitled to a full share of the credit for helping to bring it about through his contributions to the general progress." ALBERT BRAND Dairy farming has long held front rank among the industries of northwestern Snohomish county and among the well improved farms of that section is that of Albert Brand, who, after living in various sections of the country, has wisely decided that Snohomish county offers attractions that can be found nowhere else, and he is now numbered among the substantial and prosperous farmers of the community. Mr. Brand was born in Minnesota on the 5th of August, 1870, and is a son of John L. and Lena (Bartch) Brand, the former of whom was a native of Indiana, and the latter of Germany. The father moved from Minnesota to North Dakota in 1877, locating in Cass county, sixteen miles west of Fargo, where he took up a one hundred and sixty acre preemption claim, a tree claim of the same size and also a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres. He lived there twenty years, at the end of which time he sold out and in 1900 went to Barnesville, Minnesota, near which place he bought four hundred acres of land, on which he lived several years. When he left the farm he moved into Barnesville, where his death occurred in 1915. He is survived by his widow, who is still living there. They were the parents of thirteen children, namely : Albert, Lena, Lizzie, Lawrence, Emma, William, Elna, Margarite, Otto, and four who are deceased. Albert Brand secured his education in the public schools of North Dakota and when fifteen years of age was confirmed in the Lutheran church. He remained with his parents until twenty-five years of age, when he rented a wheat ranch near Casselton, North Dakota, which he operated for three years. He then moved to Buffalo, North Dakota, and bought three hundred and twenty acres of land, which he farmed for about five years and then sold. He next went to Springfield, Massachusetts, where he was employed as a motorman for about eighteen months, and in 1907 he came to Everett, Washington, where he went to work in a paper mill. About a year and a half later he leased a dairy ranch on Swan's trail, near Everett, which he ran for two years. Then he leased another ranch in that locality, which commanded his attention for about eighteen months, and at the end of that time he went to Anacortes, Skagit 498 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY county, leasing a dairy farm, which he operated for five years. He next went to Toit, Washington, and ran a dairy for about a year, until September, 1918, when he came to Snohomish county again and bought sixty acres of land on the Stillaguamish river, about midway between Arlington and Silvana. This farm is well improved, having a fine set of farm buildings, including a good silo, which he built in 1920, and he is well equipped for successfully carrying on the dairy business. He keeps twenty head of good cows and also owns a registered Holstein bull. He raises good crops of hay, oats and potatoes and has realized a very gratifying measure of success since coming to this place. In July, 1899, Mr. Brand was married to Miss Edith Masterson, who was born in Rutland, Vermont, a daughter of Patrick and Falinda Masterson, now deceased. Her parents were natives respectively of Michigan and Canada. The mother was twice married, having by her first husband, Mr. Masterson, two children, Mrs. Brand and Marvin. By her second husband, Mr. Trombley, she also had two children, Vina and Frank. To Mr. and Mrs. Brand, were born two children, but one died in infancy and Lawrence E., who was born December 14, 1907, died June 16, 1910. Mr. Brand is a member of Everett Homestead, No. 493, Brotherhood of American Yeomen, and belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has been found true and loyal in every relation of life and throughout the community where he lives he is deservedly held in the highest esteem. GEORGE L. GUNDERSON George L. Gunderson owns and cultivates a tract of sixty acres of land lying three miles north of Stanwood, which is a part of the old home place on which he was born on the 16th of April, 1887. His parents were Peter and Brynhild (Larson) Gunderson, natives of Norway. Extended reference to the father, an honored pioneer of Snohomish county, is made on another page of this work. George L. Gunderson received a public school education at Stanwood and remained under the parental roof to the age of sixteen years, when he began railroading in the woods. Thereafter he worked on the river, engaged in steamboating on Puget Sound and likewise did government work in clearing obstructions from the streams, his labors in this connection taking him all along the coast from Seattle to Nooksack. Subsequently he was again engaged in railroad work for two and one-half years, on the expiration of which period he returned to the home place in the vicinity of Stanwood and began the cultivation of sixty acres of his father's old ranch. This property is now in his possession and annually yields rich crops of hay and oats, to which the land is principally planted, the remainder being pasture. Mr. Gunderson keeps ten good grade Guernsey cows and a pure bred bull and is an active member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He employs the most modern and resultant methods in the conduct of his farming interests and enjoys an enviable reputation as one of the enterprising and successful young agriculturists of his native county. On the 12th of February, 1920, Mr. Gunderson was married to Mrs. Magdalene (Plambeck) Kirk, a native of Germany and a daughter of Nickolaus and Sophia (Steckmeister) Plambeck, who were also born in that country. The father emigrated to the United States with his family in 1891 and took up his abode in Chicago, Illinois, where he remained for about three months. He next removed to Wisconsin, settling at Tomah, where he followed farming, first cultivating a rented farm but afterward purchasing land. He met with a fair measure of success during the five years devoted to agricultural interests there, at the end of which time he disposed of his farm and in 1896 removed to Washington, settling at Everett. He had no acquaintances in that city, but he resolved to win success if it could be done through industry and perseverance. For two years he was employed in the Bell sawmill at Everett and in 1898 he turned his attention to the laundry business, opening the first steam laundry in that city. At first he began operations under the name of the Everett Hand Laundry. Later he purchased a lot at No. 2923 Grand avenue, where he erected the plant operated under the name of the Union Laundry until 1921, when he disposed of his interests therein. During the past five years he has been successfully engaged in the real estate and insurance business at Everett. Nickolaus and Sophia (Steckmeister) Plambeck became the parents of a son and three daughters, as follows : Magdalene, the wife of George L. Gunderson; Mrs. Emma Schwab, who lives in Los Angeles, California ; Mrs. Olga Kuen, who is also a resident of Los Angeles, California; and William, a resident of Everett, Washington. The son of Mrs. Gunderson by her first husband is Douglas Kirk, who was born at Everett on the 20th of June, 1901, and after completing the prescribed studies in the Everett high school matriculated in the University of Washington, from which institution he was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 499 graduated in December, 1925. He is now a teacher in the Franklin high school in Seattle. Mr. Kirk is a prominent athlete who in 1925 played end on the University of Washington team, champions of the Pacific coast. He played against Nebraska and also at Pasadena, California, in the contest "East versus West". Fraternally Mr. Gunderson is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Stanwood Lodge No. 249, while both he and his wife hold membership in Loyalty Lodge of Rebekahs, No. 252, at Stanwood, and in H. P. Downs Encampment, No. 61, at Mount Vernon. They are widely recognized as people of genuine personal worth and have won many warm friends in the community in which they reside. GEORGE E. GEDDES For more than four decades George E. Geddes has been a resident of Snohomish county and an active and effective worker in its development and upbuilding. He was born in New York state, in 1863, and is a son of George W. and Susan (Henthorn) Geddes. The father was born in Scotland and died in 1918. The mother was born in Ireland and came to the United States when sixteen years old. She died in 1884. George W. Geddes was brought to this country during boyhood and later became a soldier in the Union army during the Civil war, serving throughout that conflict and taking part in a number of important battles, including that of Gettysburg. When the subject of this sketch was three years old, the family moved to Wisconsin, settling near Green Bay, where the father engaged in farming. George E. Geddes remained with his father until twenty-one years of age and secured a good education in the public schools. In 1883 he came to Snohomish county and went to work as a logger for Ben Stretch where Monroe now stands. He followed logging almost continuously from that time until about five years ago, when ill health compelled him to quit such strenuous work, since which time he has given his attention to the operation of his farm. For many years he made his headquarters near Snohomish. At one time he filed on a homestead where Granite Falls now stands, but, through someone's mistake the papers were sent to Olympia, and before the matter could be straightened out someone had jumped the claim. Soon after 1900 Mr. Geddes located at Monroe, where he lived for three years and seven months, and then located at Dubuque's, near Snohomish, living there until 1907, when he came to his present place, where he has lived since. The tract comprises twenty-five acres, from which the cedar timber had been removed, but the land was densely covered with brush and second-growth trees. To the clearing of the land Mr. Geddes has devoted himself and now has ten acres under cultivation. He also operates a good dairy, keeping a number of excellent milk cows. He has made a number of splendid improvements on the place and is now very comfortably situated. On Christmas eve, 1888, Mr. Geddes was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Hawkings, who was born near Snohomish, a daughter of W. E. and Mary (Ladeaubush) Hawkings, the former a native of Iowa and the latter born on Puget Sound. Her father, who died in 1918, was numbered among the "old-timers" of this section of the country, having come to California in the early days of the gold rush, and later locating in the Puget Sound country. He homesteaded a tract of land near the Hoem place and did a good deal of land clearing in Snohomish county, at the same time operating his home ranch. To Mr. and Mrs. Geddes have been born six children: Mrs. Eva Heintz lives in Seattle and is the mother of two children. Maude died at the age of ten years. Wesley, who was killed at Alpine, King county, October 24, 1925, was married and had one child. Mrs. Dorothea Ray is a resident of Seattle. Howard and Herbert are both at home. Mr. Geddes was a charter member of the Woodmen of the World at Monroe but is now not affiliated with that order. He is a gentleman of quiet and unassuming manner, but possesses elements of character that have gained for him the respect and admiration of his fellow citizens to a marked degree. JOHN MARTINSON A highly respected citizen of Monroe district, Snohomish county, who, although an American by adoption only, has shown a patriotic interest in the welfare and progress of his community, is John Martinson, who is winning success through his persistent efforts and the exercise of sound judgment in his affairs. Mr. Martinson was born in Sweden on the 22d of 500 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY March, 1863, and is a son of Martin and Brete Jorgson, both of whom died in their native land, where the father had followed the trade of harness making. John Martinson attended the public schools of his native land and then learned the harness making trade. On emigrating to the United States, he remained a short time in New York, and then went to Lincoln, Nebraska, where he remained about two months; and then went to western Nebraska, where he was employed on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad until the spring of 1907, when he proceeded to San Francisco and from there to Seattle, where he went to work in the woods. In 1908 he came to Monroe and during the greater part of the time since then he has worked in the woods, having been at High Rock four years, and since then with Wagner & Wilson. In 1912 he bought twenty acres of land which was badly encumbered with stumps and brush, and to which no road led, necessitating his packing in all his effects and supplies. He has devoted his time, when not otherwise employed, to clearing his land, now having about seven acres cleared, and has built a comfortable house and outbuildings and is planning to devote his entire time to the place. He is getting a good start in the chicken business, having between four hundred and five hundred laying hens, and the place is well adapted for this line of work. Before leaving his native land, Mr. Martinson was married to Miss Elizabeth Jacobson, who was born and reared in Sweden and who died there before he came to this country. They became the parents of two children, namely : Christine, who is the wife of Klaas Mekkes, of Olympia, Washington, by whom she has a daughter, Virginia ; and Leonard, who lives in Seattle, both of these children having come to this country in 1914. Mr. Martinson has been deeply interested in the development of his community and gave to the county the right of way through his land for the present road. He is a member of the Grange at Monroe, the Snohomish County Poultry Association and of the Swedish lodge, Vasa, at Monroe. Mr. Martinson took out his final citizenship papers on February 14, 1917. His life since coming here has been characterized by hard and persistent labor and he is now realizing a success which he has honestly earned. He is friendly in manner and straightforward in all of his relations so that he has to a marked degree gained the respect and good will of his neighbors and fellowmen. JOHN LUNDBERG Comparatively few residents of Snohomish county claim Finland as the land of their birth but those who have come here have proven valuable additions to our population, for they have invariably been loyal and patriotic citizens of the republic, supporting our national institutions and wholeheartedly adopting our customs and manners. Among those who have honored Snohomish county with their citizenship is John Lundberg, who is engaged in farming near Hartford. Mr. Lundberg was born in Finland on the 22d of August, 1875, and is a son of Carl Johan and Anna (Rose) Lundberg, both of whom are deceased. His brother, Godfrey Lundberg, emigrated to the United States and located in Colorado in 1885 but about 1890 came to Seattle. Shortly afterward he returned to Finland, and in 1892 he and John came to this country, locating in Massachusetts, where Godfrey remained fourteen years. John Lundberg lived in that state four years, and then returned to his native land, where he spent one year. In 1898 he again came to the United States, locating in Colorado, where he remained ten years. In 1909 he removed to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought thirty-four acres of land one mile east of Hartford. The land had been logged but was covered with stumps and brush, of which he has cleared thirteen acres, the remainder being in pasture. He has built a good house and barns and now owns a valuable and well improved farm. He is engaged mainly in dairy farming, keeping a nice herd of grade and registered Holstein cows, and has been very successful in his operations. In 1900 Mr. Lundberg was married to Miss Anna Osling, a native of Sweden, and they are the parents of seven children, namely : Judith, who is a teacher and lives at home; John Sigfred, who is bookkeeper for Rucker Brothers ; Carl Edwin, who is engaged in teaching ; Ruth, who is a student in the State Normal School at Bellingham ; Roy, who is in high school ; Kenneth and Esther. For about fifteen years after coming here, Mr. Lundberg worked as a millwright for Rucker Brothers. He has a brother, August, who came to the United States in 1890, locating first in Massachusetts, where he remained until 1898, when he went to Colorado, remaining there ten years, and then, in 1908, he came to Snohomish county, where he has since been engaged in farming. John Lundberg is a republican in his political views and has always been deeply interested in public affairs. He is a member of the Snohomish County HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 501 Dairymen's Association. He is greatly respected for his industry, his sound business judgment and his friendly manner, and well merits the prosperity which has rewarded his efforts since coming to this county. VICTOR A. DAHLGREN Victor A. Dahlgren, one of the substantial and representative agriculturists of Snohomish county, is actively engaged in farming and dairying on two ranches lying north of Stanwood. His birth occurred in Sweden on the 29th of March, 1866, his parents being Jonas and Inge (Kenblom) Dahlgren, who were lifelong residents of that country. Their family numbered eight children, four of whom still survive, as follows : Mrs. Andre Peterson, Victor A., Mrs. Hilda Mulligan and Gustay. Victor A. Dahlgren received his early education as a public school pupil in his native land and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when a lad of thirteen years. He was but eleven years of age when in August, 1877, he crossed the Atlantic to the United States in company with his sister Hilda and joined another sister at Elgin, Illinois, where he continued his studies. After a residence of eight years at Elgin, Mr. Dahlgren removed to St. Cloud, Minnesota, where he worked on farms for a period of three years. In 1887 he made his way to Seattle, Washington, and it was on the 19th of February of that year that he came to Stanwood, arriving here at the time of the big flood when the town was all under water. He began clearing land and diking for Ben Johnson, now deceased, and subsequently spent some time in the service of the Great Northern Railroad Company. Mr. Dahlgren next worked in logging camps during two summer seasons and was afterward employed as foreman on the Long ranch for three years. He leased the Charles Andrews ranch at Port Susan in 1897 but was driven out by high water a year later. Removing to Stanwood, he there engaged in mill work for one year and then leased both the McDonald and Dan Bennie ranches near Stanwood, which he operated for four years. On the 9th of August, 1900, he bought forty acres of raw land situated one and one-half miles north of Stanwood. Mr. Dahlgren cleared nearly the entire property—a part of the old William Hunt homestead—and made his home thereon from 1902 until 1915. In the latter year he leased a tract of fifty-six acres three miles north of Stanwood and took up his abode thereon. Here he has resided continuously to the present time, cultivating this land as well as the forty acre tract previously mentioned. He raises both hay and grain and also devotes considerable attention to dairying, keeping eighteen good cows. Well merited success has attended his undertakings as an agriculturist, for his life has been characterized by industry, energy and perseverance. He is a member of the Farm Bureau and of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and at all times exerts his influence in behalf of community development, being particularly active in the good roads movement and in the cause of education. On the 1st of January, 1896, Mr. Dahlgren was united in marriage to Miss Josephine M. Gunderson, who was born on the steamer Ora Frame, on the Columbia river, while her parents were en route to Washington. Both her father and mother, Peter and Brynhild (Larson) Gunderson, were natives of Norway. Extended mention of Peter Gunderson, one of Snohomish county's prominent pioneers, is made on another page of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Dahlgren became the parents of ten children, eight of whom are yet living. (1) Esther, who was born on the 7th of August, 1897, was married to William Lentz and was the mother of a daughter, Madeline, whose birth occurred March 12, 1921. Mrs. Esther Lentz passed away in March, 1922. (2) Hilma, whose natal day was March 1, 1898, is at home. (3) Gladys, who was born August 25, 1899, passed away on the 28th of May, 1910. (4) Frederick, the next in order of birth, was born April 10, 1901. (5) Walter was born February 2, 1903. (6) Clarence was born November 22, 1905. (7-8) Victor and Glenwood, twins, were born on the 4th of February, 1911, and are now attending high school. (9) Doris was born on the 30th of January, 1916. (10) Vera, the youngest, was born April 6, 1919. WILLIAM M. SILL W. M. Sill is a successful dairyman and the owner of a well developed farm in Snohomish county. He is a native of Cedar county, Iowa, and was born in 1869. His parents were J. W. and Lucinda (Switzer) Sill, the former of whom was born in Ohio and the latter in Pennsylvania. The father engaged in agricultural pursuits in the Hawkeye state for several years and 502 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in 1881 came to Washington, entering a homestead north of Stanwood. He proved up on the claim and there made his home for about six years. He had previously been in Seattle and went from that city to Stanwood on the old steamer Josephine. After leaving the boat he followed the trail for about a mile and a half and was then obliged to cut his way through the forest. He afterward built a road to the homestead and in the early days engaged in logging, running the logs through a ditch to the Skagit river and thence to the mills. About 1886 he purchased a farm on the flats near Stanwood and cultivated the land for some time. He was a butcher by trade and conducted one of the leading meat markets of Stanwood with the assistance of the subject of this sketch. In 1902 the father bought a tract of one hundred and fifteen acres, on which his son-in-law built a shingle mill in order to utilize the timber on the place, and won success as a lumberman and agriculturist. As one of the pioneers of Snohomish county he contributed substantially toward the utilization of its natural resources and his demise in 1917 was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. The public schools of Iowa afforded W. M. Sill his early educational advantages and he continued his studies in Washington. He attended the Tacoma Business College and in 1889 entered the University of Washington but owing to illness was obliged to leave that institution before completing .his course. He worked in the logging camps for some time and then aided his father in the conduct of the meat market. He lived on the flats until 1902 and then aided in the development of the large ranch which his father purchased at that time. In 1912 W. M. Sill acquired a twelve acre tract near the ranch and his present place comprises thirty-two acres. He has twenty-five acres under cultivation and the balance is in pasture. He is a practical agriculturist, thoroughly familiar with the details of farming, and for seven years has also operated a donkey engine in logging camps of northwestern Washington. His principal crop is potatoes and he is now devoting much of his attention to the dairy industry. In 1895 Mr. Sill was married on the old homestead near Stanwood to Miss Effie McKean, a daughter of F. W. and Elmira (Peeples) McKean, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Indiana. Mr. McKean came to Snohomish county in 1893, while the family arrived here a year later, and one of the sons purchased the Sill homestead. To Mr. and Mrs. Sill were born three children : Walter, who lives near his father and has a wife and two daughters, Edith and Jean ; Lola, now Mrs. R. Erickson and the mother of two children, Billie and Bobbie ; and Harold, at home. Along fraternal lines Mr. Sill is connected with the Woodmen of the World. In the early days game was abundant and when the Great Northern Railroad Company was extending its line through Stanwood a cougar ventured into the warehouse, attracted by the odor of fresh meat. The agent started for his gun and was knocked down by the cougar, which managed to escape. Mr. Sill took his dog and joined the agent in hunting the animal but their expedition resulted in failure. His conversation is enriched with many interesting anecdotes of pioneer times in the county, and in the work of development and progress he has borne an honorable part. CLARENCE W. ROGERS The law of compensation holds good throughout the world. Industry and persistency of purpose win success when intelligently directed, while strength of character commands uniform regard. Both of these Clarence W. Rogers has won, and as the executive head of a fine business college he is contributing toward Everett's progress along commercial lines. He was born in 1870 in Hastings, Michigan, and his parents were Jerry and Bessie J. (Firster) Rogers, the former a prosperous farmer and stock raiser. C. W. Rogers supplemented his public school education by attendance at the Teller Business College of Kalamazoo, Michigan, from which he was graduated April 20, 1892. He kept books for various firms and soon became recognized as an expert accountant. While a resident of St. Ignace, Michigan, he was called to the office of city clerk and also became secretary of the board of public works, acting in those capacities for six years. He was then appointed assistant postmaster and served until 1913, and he was afterward employed as a bookkeeper. In 1921 he came to Everett, Washington. He became connected with the Success Business School, established in 1918, and successor to the Acme Business School, which was founded by Mrs. Caroline Patchen, about 1908. Mr. Rogers purchased all of the stock and since January 1, 1923, has operated the institution under the name of Rogers' Business College. The first home of the school was on Hewitt avenue and in 1920 it was moved to the second floor of a building at 1705 Hewitt avenue. There are five classrooms and a corps of six competent teachers is employed. In 1923 fifty pupils were enrolled and more than one hundred MR. AND MRS. CLARENCE W. ROGERS HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 505 pupils are now attending the college, which in size ranks third in the state. From eight months to a year are required to complete the full commercial course, and the college is second to none in the character and thoroughness of its methods of instruction, training young men and women for responsible positions in the business world. A. W. Swanson is the instructor in commercial law and business administration and Mr. Rogers is in charge of the accounting department. Mrs. Rogers is the manager of the shorthand and typewriting departments and Miss Naomi Steil acts as her assistant. A high standard is maintained in the operation of the college and its graduates are in demand. In 1898 Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Laura McIntyre, who formerly resided in Hastings, Michigan, and was engaged in teaching in that state for fourteen years. Mr. Rogers belongs to the Lions Club, and the Chamber of Commerce also numbers him among its valued members. He is an adherent of the republican party and his fraternal relations are with the Loyal Order of Moose, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America. He has closely allied his interests with those of Everett and occupies a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. JOHN HENRY STICH Among those who have had a leading part in the development of the Lake Stevens section of Snohomish county is the Stich family, of which the subject of this sketch is a worthy representative. He is now engaged in the real estate business at Lake Stevens and has attained a very comfortable and independent station in life. John Henry Stich was born in Independence, Kansas, on the 19th of March, 1887, and is a son of John and Anna M. (Waters) Stich. The family moved from Kansas to Seattle, Washington, in 1889, and in the following year the father bought one hundred and sixty acres of land on Lake Stevens, being one of the first four to locate on that lake. He built a cabin home, cleared the land and farmed there with pronounced success. He was of a progressive disposition, as is evidenced by the fact that he was the first man in Snohomish county to grow celery. He made a specialty of this vegetable, with which he supplied the markets of Seattle, Everett and Snohomish. He died on his farm in 1922, and his wife passed away in 1916. They were the parents of three children: Edward Waters, deceased ; Marguerite, who is the wife of J. C. Ames, of Buckley, Washington ; and John Henry. The last named was educated in the public schools, completing his studies in Puget Sound Academy, at Snohomish. He then followed logging and farming until November, 1917, when he enlisted for service in the World war, joining the Twentieth Regiment of United States Engineers. With his command he went overseas and served eighteen months there, being honorably discharged at the close of the war with the rank of sergeant. Since his return to civil life he has remained on the home farm, though he spent five years in the county engineer's office. He has sold all of the homestead in subdivisions excepting two acres, where he has built a fine residence on the lake, and he is now giving the major portion of his attention to the real estate business. On April 17, 1922, Mr. Stich was united in marriage to Miss Mercy Ardella Keene, of Seattle. Fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in which he has gained the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite ; and he is also a member of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and the American Legion. His political support is given to the republican party and he takes a proper interest in public affairs, standing for the best things in community life and opposing all that is detrimental to the public welfare. Because of his excellent record and commendable personal qualities, he is deservedly popular throughout the community with which he has so long been identified. ZOPHAR HOWELL (III). Among the progressive and public-spirited citizens of the thriving town of Edmonds stands Zophar Howell (III), who is now serving his second consecutive term as postmaster. He has been a busy and industrious man throughout an interesting career, and his record has been such as to gain for him the unreserved esteem and respect of all who know him. Mr. Howell was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 12th of July, 1873, and is a son of Francis C. and Isabelle (Robb) Howell, also natives of Philadelphia. They were reared and married 506 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY there and always maintained their home in that city, both now being deceased. They were the parents of six children, of which number five are still living. Zophar Howell received his elementary education in the public schools of his native city, after which he attended and was graduated from the William Penn Charter School. He then entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he was graduated in 1895. He became identified with the manufacture of wall paper in his grandfather's factory, the firm name being Howell & Brothers, and he remained connected with that enterprise until 1903, when it was sold to the trust, it being the oldest and largest wall paper manufactory in the country at that time. Mr. Howell then came to Washington, locating in Edmonds. Here he engaged in the real estate and insurance business, which he carried on until 1915, when he returned to Philadelphia, and during the ensuing three years he was engaged in organizing Kiwanis clubs throughout the state of Pennsylvania. The lure of the west, however, was still strong, and in 1918 he returned to Edmonds, where he has remained to the present time. In 1921 President Harding appointed Mr. Howell postmaster of Edmonds, and he was reappointed in 1926 by President Coolidge and is still serving in that position. In 1906 Mr. Howell was united in marriage to Miss Louise Shank, who was born in Eureka, California, a daughter of Fred L. and Alice (Otto) Shank, who now live in Edmonds and of whose three children two survive. To Mr. and Mrs. Howell have been born four children, as follows : Annabelle, born July 6, 1909, who is now in high school ; Helen Louise, born February 11, 1913 ; Alice Carpenter, born July 5, 1917 ; and Frances Carpenter, born January 27, 1921. Mrs. Howell is a lady of charming graces of character and is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star. In 1905 Mr. Howell was chiefly instrumental in the organization of the Edmonds Chamber of Commerce, of which he served as president. He is a member of Edmonds Lodge, No. 196, A. F. & A. M. He has been true and loyal in every relation of life and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is looked upon as one of the representative men of his community, where his influence and efforts have been exerted for the upbuilding of the city and the advancement of its general welfare. He served during the Spanish-American war as a member of Light Battery A, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and saw active service in Porto Rico. JOHN M. LEMPENS The little country of Belgium has sent many good citizens to the United States, men who as a rule are industrious, law-abiding and patriotic. Among this number is John M. Lempens, a farmer in the vicinity of Monroe, whose success has been earned through earnest and persistent effort. He was born in Belgium in 1874 and is a son of William and Theresa (Bruce) Lempens, the former born in Belgium and the latter in Holland. They are both now deceased, the father dying in 1893 and the mother in 1891. The father brought his wife and six children to the United States, landing at New York city March 17, 1881. He had followed gardening and hotel keeping in his native land and on coming here he made his way to Delano, Minnesota, where he ran a hotel many years, afterward moving to Buffalo, Minnesota, where he spent his remaining days. John M. Lempens received a limited school education in Minnesota and then went to work for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, with which company he remained thirteen years, being advanced through various positions to that of freight conductor, running from St. Paul to Austin. Failing eyesight compelled him to quit the railroad and in 1906 he went to Seattle, where he lived until 1917, being employed to run a donkey engine in the woods and at other engineering work. He was also employed as a stoker in the city fire department two years. After spending some time in Vancouver, he came to Snohomish county and bought forty acres of land, where he now lives, and which at that time had been logged but was not cleared. There were no roads and he spent the first three days in slashing a trail from Wagner's mill to his land. He at once applied himself to the task of clearing the land and now has about fifteen acres cleared. He has devoted his attention to poultry, berries and hogs. In the latter line he has been eminently successful, keeping a fine herd of thoroughbred Jersey-Durocs, which he raises for breeding purposes only, and among his animals is a United States champion boar. He has five acres in raspberries, blackberries and loganberries and has about one hundred and sixty fine fruit trees, the greater part of the product of which he ships east of the mountains. He also has about two thousand chickens, as well as two cows. He has been indefatigable in his efforts to improve his property and now has a very comfortable and attractive home farm. Fairview farm, as his place is appropriately HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 507 named, is numbered among the best farms in this locality and Mr. Lempens is justifiably proud of what he has accomplished in the comparatively short time since he located here. In 1915, in Seattle, Mr. Lempens was united in marriage to Mrs. Florence Snay, who is a native of Michigan and whose parents now live in Detroit. Mr. and Mrs. Lempens have two children, John and Charles, born on the home farm. Mr. Lempens has, through his success, his fine public spirit and his friendly manner, won the respect and good will of his fellowmen and is numbered among the progressive and enterprising men of his community. ALBERT LOTH The determined spirit and substantial qualities of his Scandinavian ancestors are manifest in the career of Albert Loth, a dealer in automobiles and one of the aggressive young business men to whom Lake Stevens looks for its future growth and prosperity. A native of Sweden, he was born July 24, 1888, and was but five years old when his parents, John and Bertha Loth, made the voyage to the United States. The family settled on a farm in Minnesota, spending seven years in that state, and in 1900 came to Washington. They located in Seattle and a year later established their home in the vicinity of Hartford, Washington. The father is deceased, and the mother is now living in Seattle. Albert Loth attended the public schools of Minnesota and Washington, and after his studies were completed he served an apprenticeship to the machinist's trade, which he followed for several years, becoming an expert in that line of work. In 1920 he opened a garage in Lake Stevens in association with R. 0. Kittelson and K. T. Hansen. The last named is now conducting a service station and Messrs. Loth and Kittelson are owners of the garage, in which they maintain a complete repair shop. They carry a full line of parts and are also local agents for the Ford and Chevrolet cars. They keep in close touch with the latest developments in the automotive trade, and their business is wisely managed. They are popular dealers, and their annual sales now amount to a large figure. In 1912 Mr. Loth married Miss Alma Benson, a native of Hartford, Washington, and a daughter of August Benson, one of the early settlers of Snohomish county. Mr. and Mrs. Loth have become the parents of five children : Emmett, Hubert, Adeline, Marion and Gordon. Mr. Loth owes allegiance to no party and invariably casts his ballot for the candidate whom he considers best qualified for office. He is a loyal supporter of every project destined to prove of benefit to the community with which he has allied his interests, and a young man of high principles, esteemed and respected by all with whom he has been associated. THOMAS CARLISLE STEWART T. P. Stewart, one of the venerable residents of the Riverview district, is the owner of a fine ranch and although over eighty years of age, is vigorous in both mind and body, finding true contentment in the performance of useful work. He was born February 14, 1845, in Toronto, Canada, and his father, James John Stewart, was a native of Ireland. Born in 1805 in Dublin, at the age of seventeen years he was graduated from Trinity College of that city, winning the degree of Civil Engineer. Subsequently Mr. Stewart and his uncle were commissioned by the king to survey the land for the Welland canal and at once started for Canada. They devoted many years to the work and performed the task with marked efficiency. The country was wild and unsettled and as they journeyed through Ontario they frequently encountered Indians, experiencing all of the phases of frontier life. Mr. Stewart took up lind near Coburg and converted the tract into a fertile farm. At Coburg he married Miss Mary Bruce, whom he had known in his native land, and they became the parents of eleven children. Mr. Stewart reached the age of seventy-six years, passing away in 1879, and his wife's demise occurred in January, 1897. Their son, T. C. Stewart, received his early instruction at Coburg and completed his education in an intercollegiate school at Graf ton, Ontario. For about five years he aided his father in the cultivation of the soil and when a young man of about thirty he became associated with his brother-in-law in the lumber business. He afterward went to the province of Manitoba and for eight years engaged in farming near Winnipeg, specializing in wheat growing. He next entered the employ of James J. Hill, with whom he subsequently became well acquainted, and took a crew of men to Devils Lake, North Dakota, where construction work 508 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY was started on the Great Northern Railroad. Mr. Stewart aided in building the line to Great Falls, Montana, and was thus engaged for about two years, after which he embarked in business at Crookston, Minnesota. He became well known as a building contractor and for eighteen years was intimately associated with construction activities in that locality. In 1907 he came to northwestern Washington, stopping at Everett to investigate the country, and purchased his present place, which is situated in Walker's Riverview addition and comprises ten acres. The road has been built and he has made all of the improvements on the property, converting it into a valuable farm. He keeps about three cows and has been a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association from the time of its organization. He raises some roughage and his orchard contains cherry, pear and apple trees. He is a firm believer in scientific methods and brings to his occupation a true sense of agricultural economics, never allowing a foot of the land to be unproductive. He takes a deep interest in public affairs and has always evinced a willingness to promote the welfare of his district but has never aspired to public office. His has been a long and useful life of quiet devotion to duty and time has proven his worth, bringing him the unqualified esteem of many friends. In 1876 Mr. Stewart was married in Orillia, Ontario, to Miss Justina E. Spearing, who was born at sea while her parents, William L. and Katherine Ann Spearing, were making the voyage from Ireland to the United States. Her father was a private in the Union army and served under General Sherman during the historic march to the sea. Mrs. Stewart passed away at Crookston, Minnesota, in 1890, leaving three children : James H., who was secretary to the local superintendent of the Great Northern Railroad Company and died at the age of twenty-four years ; Florence M., who is at home, and Stanley Carlisle, who served with the Canadian army in Seventh Battalion, Second Brigade, First Corps, during the four years of the World war and was wounded at Vimy Ridge. In 1894 Mr. Stewart was married at Crookston to Miss Katie Pullman, who was a native of England, a relative of the founder of the Pullman Car Company. Mrs. Stewart responded to the final summons in 1899, leaving a daughter, Gladys H., now the wife of Lyle Cochran and a resident of Denver, Colorado. CARSTEN THOMSEN Among the men who by their persistent and well directed efforts have contributed in a very definite way to the development of Snohomish county, specific mention should be made of Carsten Thomsen, who from 1883 up to the time of his death stood as an exponent of the spirit of progress and achievement. Many years of his life were spent in the arduous work of clearing land for cultivation, a task which only those who have undertaken it can fully appreciate. His efforts were crowned with well merited success and he attained a high place among the enterprising dairy farmers of his section of the county. Mr. Thomsen was a native of Germany, his birth occurring in Schleswig-Holstein in 1866, and he was a son of Mathias and Katrina ( Jansen) Thomsen, lifelong residents of Germany. They were the parents of seven children : Botilla, Jens, deceased; Hans, Carsten, deceased ; Christina, Katrina and Maria. Carsten Thomsen attended the public schools of his native land and completed his elementary education after coming to Washington, being a student for two years in the State Agricultural College at Pullman. He had come to the United States in 1883, when seventeen years of age, and after he attained his majority he took a timber claim up the river, which he later sold. In 1898 he bought one hundred and twenty acres of land one mile west of Arlington, from which he logged off the timber, cleared out the stumps and brush, and then built a small house. In the course of time he had sixty acres of land under cultivation, and he lived on this place up to the time of his death, which occurred March 4, 1925. He was a man of tremendous energy and used wise discrimination in all of his affairs, so that a very satisfactory measure of prosperity attended his efforts. He was public-spirited, taking a keen interest in everything relating in any way to the progress and welfare of his community, and gave hearty cooperation in all efforts to advance or improve his locality. Kindly and cordial in all his social relations, he easily made friends, and throughout the community where he lived he was held in the highest esteem because of his estimable qualities, his death being regarded as a distinct loss to the locality. Mr. Thomsen married Miss Elizabeth Dietz, who was born in Germany, and they became the parents of four children, namely : John, who died at the age of two years; Carsten, Jr., who lives in Seattle, Washington ; Rudie J., who is mentioned in the next paragraph; Myrtle, who was graduated from the Arlington high school and is now attending the State Normal School at Bellingham. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 509 Rudie J. Thomsen received his education in the public and high schools of Arlington and then aided his father on the home farm until the latter's death, since which time he has had charge of the place, to the operation of which he is closely devoting himself. He keeps forty high grade Jersey cows and a pure bred bull ; raises splendid crops of hay, oats and corn, and has two silos, by which he provides splendid winter food for the stock. He farms with both horses and tractor, and the rich bottom land is very productive, the Thomsen farm being considered one of the best in the valley. Mr. Thomsen is justifiably proud of his fine dairy herd, which is one of the highest testing herds in the state. On March 30, 1926, he was united in marriage to Miss Clara McGladrey, who was born at Edgecomb, Washington. Her parents, Alex and Dora (Morton) McGladrey, were natives of Michigan, where they were reared and married, and they came to Washington in 1904, the father buying a small place at Edgecomb, where they are now living. In their family were eight children, namely : Mrs. May Hafner, Mrs. Clara Thomsen, Robert, George, Margarite, June and Joyce, twins, and Rachel. Mr. Thomsen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of Arlington Lodge, Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is a man of fine qualities of character and is ably carrying forward the work so well inaugurated by his father, and he retains to a marked degree the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. JOHN B. ROSSMAN John B. Rossman has lived in many parts of the west, working his way steadily upward through tenacity of purpose and unceasing industry, and he is now numbered among the prominent lumbermen of Snohomish county, making his home at Granite Falls. A son of Joseph O. and Mary (Wargnier) Rossman, he was born November 12, 1883, and is a native of Green Bay, Wisconsin. His mother is deceased, and the father now resides in Minnesota. During the childhood of John B. Rossman the family migrated to South Dakota and his education was acquired in the public schools of that state. He obtained a start in life by working on various farms and afterward purchased a threshing machine, which he operated in South Dakota for several years. He next became a locomotive fireman and in 1907 went to Montana, entering a homestead near Harlowton. Through systematic effort he transformed the wild land into a productive tract, which he cultivated for about eight years, and then sold the property. In 1915 he went to Canada and homesteaded land on the Spirit river in the province of Alberta. He developed a fine ranch and took his threshing outfit through the wheat district of the province, where he also engaged in the lumber business. He was successful in his undertakings and after his return to the States settled in Washington, purchasing the Simons mill at Granite Falls in 1923. He has a well equipped plant with a capacity of fifteen thousand feet of lumber per day and also owns one hundred and sixty acres of land, on which there is much valuable timber. His business is efficiently operated, and he finds a ready market for the output of his mill. Mr. Rossman was united in marriage to Mrs. Ella Blanche Williams. In politics he pursues an independent course, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of first importance. He is an experienced business man of enterprise, integrity and ability and a citizen who would be a valuable acquisition to any community. RICHARD H. HANCOCK The late Richard H. Hancock was long numbered among the progressive, enterprising and substantial agriculturists as well as highly esteemed citizens of Snohomish county. He was in the fifty-third year of his age when called to his final rest on the 24th of January,1924, his birth having occurred on Whidby island, Washington, on the 15th of October, 1871. His parents were Francis H. and Hester A. (Hewitt) Hancock, both deceased, the former having passed away on the 4th of February, 1904, while the latter died two years later. It was in 1862 that they took up a homestead claim on Whidby island, where they resided for eight years. On the expiration of that period they removed to the Stillaguamish flats, where they lived continuously until 1892, when they took up their abode in Stanwood, where Francis H. Hancock spent the remainder of his life in honorable retirement. A detailed review of his career may be found on another page of this work in connection with the sketch of Albert Leamer, first husband of Mrs. Martha J. Scott, sister of Richard H. Hancock. R. H. Hancock supplemented his public school education by an academic course on Whidby 510 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY island. As soon as his age permitted he began assisting his father in the cultivation of the home place and following the latter's retirement, in 1892, assumed full management of the property, which comprised one hundred and sixty acres on the Stillaguamish flats. He continued to operate the ranch until within a year of his death, when he leased the land, for his health had begun to fail. In January, 1924, he died on the old homestead near Stanwood, on which his widow still resides and eighty acres of which is in her possession. She leases the place, which is a fine farm principally devoted to the cultivation of hay and oats, large crops of which are raised annually. A successful dairy business is also carried on. On the 19th of March, 1906, Mr, Hancock was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Coates, native of Missouri and daughter of Marion and Frances (Davis) Coates, both of whom were also born in Missouri Her paternal grandfather saw service in the Civil war. The Davis family were old Kentuckians who owned extensive plantations and many slaves. This family was early established on American soil and was represented in the Revolutionary war. Marion Coates, the father of Mrs. Lucy Hancock, departed this life on the 4th of January, 1924, but is still survived by his widow, who makes her home in Missouri. Mrs. Hancock was educated in Missouri and remained a resident of that state until coming to Washington in 1904. Her parents reared a family of six children as follows : Mrs. Emma Evans, who lives in eastern Washington ; Mrs. Agnes Bloomer, a resident of Missouri ; Denver Coates, who lives in Oklahoma ; Hayden Coates, residing in Missouri ; Lucy, the widow of Richard H. Hancock ; and Mrs. Mamie Robertson, who lives in Missouri. Richard H. and Lucy (Coates) Hancock became the parents of a son and a daughter. Leonard, who was born January 26, 1907, was graduated from the Stanwood high school and is still at home. Hester Ann, who was born on the old home place on the 30th of September, 1910, is a sophomore in the high school at Stanwood. While serving as county commissioner in the early days, Mr. Hancock walked from his ranch near Stanwood to Snohomish, the county seat, a distance of over forty miles. His efforts were at all times effectively exerted in behalf of community advancement and he lived to witness the wonderful transformation which occurred in northwestern Washington as modern advantages were gradually introduced. His life was an active, honorable and useful one and his passing was deeply deplored by all who knew him. ULLMER STINSON Washington has been especially honored in the character and careers of her active men of industry and public service. In every section have been found men born to leadership in the various vocations, men who dominated because of their superior intelligence, natural endowment and force of character. These reflections are suggested by the career of one who forged his way from a modest beginning to the front ranks of the enterprising and progressive men of his day, and who, by a strong and inherent force, stood for many years as one of the leading men of his section of the state. Success is methodical and consecutive and a study of Mr. Stinson's record will show that his prosperity was gained by absolutely normal methods—the determined application of mental and physical resources along a rightly defined line—and he was eminently worthy of the high place which he held in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. Ullmer Stinson was born on the 8th of September, 1836, at Aetna, Maine, and came of a long line of sterling American ancestors, running back to Joseph Lancaster, of Revolutionary days. He was reared at home and received his education in the district schools of that locality. He then turned his attention to the lumber business, which he followed in his native state and in Wisconsin, returning to Maine with his father, where he remained until 1862. In that year he went to California, by way of the Isthmus of Panama, across which he walked ; thence by sailing ship to San Francisco. He remained in California for a year, engaged in mining, and then made his way northward to Port Gamble, Washington, the voyage by sailing vessel requiring twenty-one days. For a few years he was employed as a logger by various companies and then engaged in that business on his own account. He was very successful in this business, employing a large crew of men, and his operations grew to large proportions, so that at one time he had about fifteen hundred acres of timber and farm land. He was a man of sound judgment, persistent industry and progressive methods, and he gained a high place in business circles, where his ability and enterprise were recognized and appreciated. He became one of the organizers and incorporators of the First National Bank of Snohomish, of which he remained a member of the board of directors up to the time of his death, which occurred June 2, 1916. Mr. Stinson was married, at Clinton, Maine, in 1856, to Miss Christina Stewart, who was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 511 born and reared in Maine and whose ancestors were of old Revolutionary stock. They had three children, namely : George Edgar, who came to Snohomish county about 1875, engaged in the lumber business, and died in 1895. Merritt E., who came west in 1882, has lived in California for the past thirty years. Charlotte, who was born in Clinton, Maine, came west in 1882, and became the wife of James B. Cole, their union being one of the first hundred marriages recorded. in Snohomish county. Mr. Cole also followed the logging and lumber business. To Mr. and Mrs. Cole was born a daughter, Edana, whose birth occurred at Snohomish, and who, after attending the graded schools of this city, graduated from the Puget Sound Academy, at Snohomish, and later attended Whitman College, in this state. She then remained at home until her marriage, on November 14, 1916, to Raymond R. Stevens, a native of Ohio, who at the age of four years was brought to Washington by his parents, who located in Palouse, Whitman county. In 1900 he came to Snohomish, where he is now successfully engaged in contracting. Mr. Cole is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, as is Mr. Stevens, while Mrs. Cole and Mrs. Stevens became members of the Order of the Eastern Star and the Daughters of the American Revolution. Mrs. Cole died February 22, 1926. Politically Ullmer Stinson was a lifelong supporter of the republican party and took an active part in advancing its interests. He voted for Lincoln and was in Washington Territory at the time of his second election. He was interested in the organization of the republican party in this state and was an active member of the first republican state convention, held at Walla Walla, Washington. He was a member of the city council of Snohomish in early days and was one of "The Big Four," so prominent and influential in the public affairs of this locality for many years. His religious connection was with the Congregational church, of which he was a generous supporter, and with which denomination the family has been identified for many generations. A prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, he attained the Knights Templar degree in the York Rite and the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite and was also a member of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. A public-spirited citizen, he stood ready at all times to use his means and influence for the promotion of such improvements as were conducive to the public welfare, and there was probably not another man in the community so long honored by his residence who was held in higher esteem by the people, regardless of sect, politics or profession. . He was one of the most unostentatious of men, openhearted and candid in manner, and his record stands as an enduring monument, although his labors are ended and his name is now a memory. ISAAC MORRISON Nestled cosily in the woods in the northern part of Tulalip reservation is the home of Isaac Morrison, one of the recognized leaders of the Snohomish Indians. The home is neat, pretty and attractive and would be a credit to any Snohomish county farm. The interior is just as pleasant as the exterior, and the presence of flowers and books and newspapers reflect the tastes and education of the dwellers therein. Isaac Morrison is descended from a long line of Snohomish ancestors who were known among the people of their race for their honesty, bravery and skill, and among the white people for their industry and friendliness. Isaac Morrison was born at Port Susan in 1869, in the little Indian village which clustered there by the kindly waters of the sound. He was christened by the famous Rev. Father Chirouse, and by that good priest w4 given the American name by which- he has always been known. As a lad he remembers the first of the white settlements along the Stillaguamish. He describes Gardner Goodrich as a short, heavy set man of much strength, both mental and physical. He remembers visits to the old Jack Irvine store and the Pearson store, and James Cuthbert and "Slim Jim" Caldon who kept the Pioneer hotel and bar. His father, William Persun Morrison, who died in 1923, worked as a lineman on the first telegraph line along the shores of Puget Sound, way back in the '60s when the attempt was made to girdle the globe with wires by way of Alaska and Behring Strait. Isaac Morrison worked in logging camps during his younger manhood and became noted as an expert teamster. He drove a ten yoke team of oxen or a ten horse team as easily as he drives his automobile today. His wife, Amelia, to whom he was married in 1919, died in 1923, and in July, 1924, he was married to Elizabeth La Monte, also of Snohomish blood, a lady of excellent English education. They have no children, but the two sons of Mrs. Morrison's former marriage brighten their home. Their land, one hundred and sixty acres, has been logged off and from the sale of this timber they are able to live in comfort, their clearing of six acres affording ample ground for a well kept garden. 512 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Isaac Morrison has a reputation for honesty and sobriety and good character which any man might envy. His judgment is sound and his advice is heeded in the councils of his people. During the war he proved his loyalty, which, in fact, needed no proof beyond that which he had already given, as a good, reliable and patriotic American. He has never borne any grudge against the white people, has always been their friend and fellow-worker, has enjoyed as far as possible the benefits of the new civilization which came to the land of his fathers and has made their ways and their country his own. He still abides by the Catholic faith, brought to the Indians by Father Chirouse. This Indian home, hidden in the woods, far from the main highways, is one which will compare favorably with thousands of farm homes in any section of America. ERICK JACOBSON Biographies should be published only of those in whose lives and characters there is something worthy of emulation by others. The career of Erick Jacobson has been marked by attributes that have enabled him to mount from a modest beginning to a place of independence and influence in his community, his prosperity having been attained solely through his own efforts. Mr. Jacobson is a native of Sweden, born on the 24th of September, 1855, and is a son of Jacob and Sarah Jacobson, both of whom spent their entire lives in that country. He received his educational training in the public schools of his native land, where he remained until 1879, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in South Chicago, where he was employed in a rolling mill about one year, and then went to Colorado, where he worked at common labor for about a year. He went to Montana in 1882 and a year later to Wisconsin, where he lived for two years. In 1887 Mr. Jacobson came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead. Locating on it, he applied himself closely to its improvement and development for about five years and then sold it. He next bought the eighty acres where he now lives and to the clearing of which he devoted his energies with such success that now he has practically the entire tract cleared and under cultivation, the improvements consisting of a good set of farm buildings and such other structures as have contributed to the success of his work. He has made a specialty of dairy farming, having a fine herd of good grade milk cows, and his fertile and well cultivated fields yield abundant crops of hay and such grain as is needed for feed. On August 10, 1899, Mr. Jacobson was united in marriage to Miss Julia M. Johnson, to which union have been born seven children : Churchill, born June 29, 1901, is a resident of Redmond, King county, Washington. He is married and has three children. The others are Bernard, who was born March 8, 1904, and is at home ; Stanley, born November 15, 1905 ; Arthur, born December 31, 1907; Mary, who was born March 1, 1910, and is now in high school ; Victor, born November 10, 1911; and Gladys, born May 28, 1914. Mr. and Mrs. Jacobson are earnest members of the Lutheran church, to which they give generous support. He has been a loyal supporter of everything that has promised to be of advantage to the people generally, being a strong advocate of good schools and improved roads, and among his fellowmen he is held in high regard. PETER WIKLOF Peter Wiklof, whose productive and well improved farm lies six miles north of Marysville, has attained a worthy success as the result of years of strenuous and unremitting labor, for the land on which he lives was a wilderness when he located on it. Such men are the builders of a community and to them the coming generation will owe a debt of gratitude which it can never repay. Mr. Wiklof was born in Sweden on the 24th of April, 1860, and is a son of Olson and Kirstine (Larson) Peterson, both of whom are deceased, the father, who was a farmer, having died after coming to the United States, while the mother died in her native land. The subject of this sketch is their only child. He was educated in the public schools of Sweden and then learned the trade of shoemaking, which he followed for seven years, for five years of that time working for himself. He then worked in logging camps and at driving logs on the river, following that line until June 11, 1889, when he emigrated to the United HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 513 States. He went at once to Seattle, Washington, living there and at Ballard for about four years. He opened a shoe shop in the latter place, running it for a few years during the winters, while in summer he worked in logging camps. In 1892 Mr. Wikiof took up a homestead in Clallam county, Washington, proved up on it and lived there nine years, at the end of which time he sold it. In 1898 Mr. Wiklof bought thirty acres of land on the Big marsh, six miles north of Marysville, and immediately set to work to clear it of stumps and brush and to run ditches for drainage. He first built a small house of split cedar, which was the family home for a number of years, but the improvements on the place have kept pace with the times and the farm now compares favorably with the other farms of the community. He keeps eleven good grade cows, three head of young stock, and a good bull. He believes in modern methods and farms with a tractor. In 1922 Mr. Wiklof bought thirty acres of land three miles west of Arlington, which he now has in pasture. Hay, grain and root crops are produced in abundance on his fertile acres, and he is now very comfortably situated, having a pleasant home and a nice income from the ranch. On November 14, 1899, Mr. Wikiof was united in marriage to Miss Emma Peterson, who was born in Sweden, a daughter of Peter and Gertrude (Pearson) Larson, both of whom were natives of that country, where the father followed farming. They are both now deceased. They were the parents of eight children, namely : Lena, deceased ; Lars ; Mary, deceased; Johannes, deceased ; Christine ; Johannes, deceased ; Emma, now Mrs. Wiklof ; and Sophie. Mr. and Mrs. Wiklof have two children. Peter, born February 26, 1901, was married to Miss Julia Johnson and they have a daughter, Evelyn, born November 14, 1925. Ejnar was born,June 22, 1902. Both sons are now living on the home ranch. Mr. Wikiof is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is a firm believer in good roads and the best of school facilities, being up-to-date and progressive in his ideas, and he has at all times shown a disposition to cooperate in all efforts for betterment of the community in any way. Because of his excellent personal qualities and his fine public spirit, he commands the esteem of all who know him. OBERT NAAS Obert Naas, one of the progressive dairymen of Snohomish county, resides near Arlington, and his record sustains the high reputation which has ever been borne by the members of this well known pioneer family. He was born February 27, 1886, in the old home near Stanwood, Washington. His father, Lars Naas, was a Norwegian, born April 16, 1852, and was a son of Lars and Helen (Johnson) Naas. The grandfather was a prosperous farmer. Lars Naas, Jr., received a public school education and aided his father in tilling the soil. In 1876 he severed home ties and sought the opportunities of the United States, settling in Union county, South Dakota, where he engaged in farming on his own account. He spent two years in that county and afterward lived in various localities. In 1880 he was attracted to the Stanwood flats by the writings of his fellow countryman, C. E. Joergenson, and filed on a piece of land near what afterward became the town site of Florence. The whole region, aside from the salt marshes, was heavily timbered and frontier conditions prevailed. Mr. Naas cleared eighty acres of his place, which he sold at the end of two years, and then purchased a tract of twenty-five acres from James Perkins, a pioneer settler of the Stillaguamish valley, paying thirty dollars an acre for the land. It was covered with a dense growth of trees and he cleared a portion of the ranch, building a good home, in which he lived for five years. On the expiration of that period he disposed of the property and became the owner of a farm of thirty-five acres situated on the flats. This place he cleared of timber and brush, drained the land, erected substantial buildings and made other improvements which enhanced its value. His well directed labors were rewarded by success, and in later life he purchased the Annie Gunderson farm on the river for his sons. He engaged in dairying, maintaining a herd of twenty-five cows of good grade, and his principal crops were oats and hay. From time to time he added to his holdings, which comprised seventy-five acres of fertile land at the delta of the Stillaguamish, and was regarded as one of the most progressive farmers of the district. He won prosperity by hard work and good management and was a man of substantial worth, admired and respected by all with whom he was associated. He was affiliated with the church of the Norwegian Lutheran Synod and exercised his right of franchise in support of the candidates and measures of the republican party. 514 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Lars Naas was married in South Dakota in 1880 to Miss Mary Helseth, a native of Norway, who was born in 1859 and completed her education in the schools of South Dakota. Her parents, Gunder and Karen Helseth, emigrated from Norway to the United States and located in Union county, South Dakota, in 1870. They moved to Stanwood, Washington, in 1880, during the formative period in the history of the state, and spent the remainder of their lives in Snohomish county. Death summoned Mr. Naas on December 8, 1925, and his widow now makes her home with the subject of this sketch. They were the parents of six children : Gunder, whose birth occurred in Union county, South Dakota, in 1881 ; Helen, who was born in 1883 and is now the wife of Abraham Howick ; Obert ; Mrs. Millie Gulbranson, whose natal year was 1888 ; Elmer, who was born in 1890 and is living in Portland, Oregon ; and Alfred, who was born in 1898 and is a resident of Stanwood, Washington. Obert Naas attended the old Haller school on Stanwood flats and aided his father in the conduct of the ranch, receiving valuable lessons in industry and thrift. He was employed in logging camps for about three years and afterward worked in shingle mills for some time. In 1911 he resumed his agricultural operations, leasing his father's ranch at Stanwood, and there conducted a dairy for twelve years. He had a herd of twenty cows, which he sold in 1923, and afterward worked in the lumber mills until his father's death. He then moved to a ten acre tract at Arlington and operates a small dairy. A few years ago he purchased a farm of thirty-one acres, situated on the river, one mile west of Arlington, and brought the land to a high state of development. He converted it into a model dairy farm, which he is now leasing, but will soon return to his ranch. It is improved with a modern residence, a substantial barn, a well built silo and good fences and has pasturage for twenty cows. He is familiar with every phase of the dairy industry, and his work is thoroughly systematized. On September 25, 1915, Mr. Naas married Miss Martha Severson, who was born in Washburn, Wisconsin. Her parents, Hans and Eliza (Finson) Severson, are natives of Norway. Her father was born in 1863, and her mother's birth occurred in 1871. Mr. Severson came to the United States in 1880, locating in Wisconsin, and there followed the millwright's trade for thirty years. In 1910 he established his home in Everett, Washington, and is now engaged in merchandising in that city. He has a family of ten children : Clarence, Martha, Walter, Herman, Christine, Tena, Edna, Bertha, Florence and Elsie. Mr. Naas is one of the energetic members of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and conforms his conduct to the teachings of the Lutheran church. He is a strong champion of the good roads movement, the cause of education and all measures of reform, progress and improvement. He is a high-minded, clean-cut man and has a wide circle of loyal friends in Snohomish county, in which his life has been passed. CHESTER W. HASKINS Chester W. Haskins, a successful realtor, is engaged in business at Arlington and also fills the office of police judge. He was born February 22, 1849, and is a native of Fayston, Wash-inton county, Vermont. In 1865 his parents, Wright and Chastina (Spaulding) Haskins, moved to Wisconsin and there spent the remainder of their lives. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of Vermont, completing his education in an academy in Wisconsin. He followed agricultural pursuits in the Badger state until 1907 and then started for the Pacific coast, arriving in Everett, Washington, in August of that year. He purchased a paper at Fall City, Washington, conducting the business for a short time, and then entered the employ of the Everett Herald. He was connected with the circulation department of that paper for three years and on the expiration of that period opened a real estate office in Arlington. He has closely studied the local market and many important property transfers have been effected through his agency. He has done much to develop the town and also writes insurance. In 1875 Mr. Haskins married Miss Alice Anderson, who passed away in April, 1925. She had become the mother of three children : Agnes, who is the widow of Frank Jackie and lives in Everett ; De Witt, whose life was terminated at the age of twenty-one years ; and Estella, the wife of R. D. Pringle, of Arlington. Mr. Haskins is a stanch republican and takes a keen interest in politics. While in Wisconsin he was clerk of the court and held other public offices. He has been justice of the peace throughout the period of his residence in Arlington and is now serving for the second term as police judge. He tempers justice with mercy and his course has received strong commendation. He has been deputy assessor of the Arlington district for fourteen consecutive years. Mr. Haskins is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in Masonry he has CHESTER W. HASKINS , HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 517 taken the Royal Arch degree. He closely adheres to the beneficent teachings of the order, to which he has dedicated the following poem : F. & A. M. "Remember thy Creator in the days of thy youth, As taught by the Bible, that guide to all Truth ; Its pages illumined by light from above Teach Friendship, Morality and Brotherly Love. "Its precepts and examples covering virtue's great plan, If duly observed will bind man unto man. With the Trowel spread freely with liberal hand, That cement which unites us into one sacred band. "Circumscribe your desire, your passions surround By the circle of honor and duty profound. By the Square, square your actions that all may agree There's manhood in Masons Accepted and Free. "As you journey through life o'er the Level of time Make the Level Equality your standard sublime. By the Plumb walk uprightly in the way well defined Nor swerve from your duty to God or mankind." JOHN L. MORRISON It is not an easy task to describe adequately a man who has led an eminently active and busy life and who has attained a position of relative distinction in the community with which his interests are allied. But biography finds its most perfect justification, nevertheless, in tracing and recording such a life history. It is, then, with a full appreciation of all that is demanded, and yet with a feeling of satisfaction, that there is here presented the outstanding facts in the record of J. L. Morrison, who is successfully conducting a prosperous mercantile business at Warm Beach, Snohomish county. A native of Calais, Washington county, Maine, he was born in November, 1867, and is a son of Alex and Sophia (Day) Morrison, also natives of the Pine Tree state. The Morrison family is of Scotch origin, the grandfather, Alex Morrison, having been born at Inverness, Scotland. He served in the English army in the Crimean war and in the Indian mutiny, taking part in the relief of Lucknow. At the close of that trouble, he emigrated to New Brunswick, Canada, whence he later moved to Maine, where the family was permanently established. Alex Morrison, father of John L. Morrison, became a farmer and also worked as a ship carpenter. He was a lifelong resident of Maine, where he and his wife died. He was twice married, by his first union becoming the father of seven children, Hugh, Henry, Daniel, David, George, Georgiana and Isabel. The four eldest sons served in the Civil war, three of them being killed in battle, while the fourth, David, died from the effects of his war service. To Alex and Sophia Morrison were born two children—John L. and a sister, Mrs. Mehitabel Carlow, who still lives in Maine. John L. Morrison attended the public schools of his native state until thirteen years of age, when he ran away to sea as an apprentice on an English sailing vessel. His first voyage lasted three years, taking him around the world and touching at practically every port of importance. He followed the sea for twenty-two years and at twenty years of age had risen to be master mariner. In 1902 he quit the sea and, returning to his native state, bought a general mercantile business at Meddybemps. He also acquired the ownership of a sawmill, a novelty mill, and operated a farm. He was thus a very busy man and was successful in his affairs but at the end of five years sold out and made a trip to Alberta, Canada. After remaining there one summer, he came to Washington, remaining at Seattle until the following spring, when he came to Warm Beach, Snohomish county, and took a position as salesman and general manager for C. D. Hillman, who laid out and platted the town of Birmingham in 1908. This tract, comprising twelve thousand acres of land, included one of the finest beaches on the northwest Pacific coast, and up to the present time about six thousand acres of the townsite have been sold. Mr. Morrison still retains his connection 518 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with the company. In 1920 he bought the general mercantile store at Warm Beach, which he still owns, and is conducting a very satisfactory business. He carries a large and well selected stock of such goods as are required in the local trade, and also a full line of flour and feed. He owns the store building and occupies the living rooms above the store. By courteous and fair treatment of his customers, he has established himself in public confidence and is now enjoying a large and steadily increasing business. He also owns several other pieces of property and has a fine, bearing cherry orchard. Mr. Morrison was married, September 17, 1886, to Miss Annie C. Hatton, who was born at Pembroke, Maine, a daughter of Charles and Eliza (Cunningham) Hatton, both of whom were natives of Maine, the father born at Taunton and the mother at Belfast. Mr. Hatton was a farmer and iron worker. The mother died in her native state and the father died in Washington in 1917. They were the parents of six children, Annie C., Mrs. Morrison; Della, deceased ; Arthur, who resides in Washington ; Frederick ; Josephine, who lives in Washington ; and Merton, who lives at Eugene, Oregon, where he is general manager for the Shell Oil Company. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison have four children : Raymond, who is a partner with his father in the store, is married and has a son, Raymond, Jr. ; Mrs. Alice Brett, who lives in Portland, Oregon, is the mother of a son, William ; Mrs. Edna Tuttle lives in Oakland, California ; and Arnold is at home. Mr. Morrison is a member of the Warm Beach Commercial Club and stands for all that is best in community life, supporting by voice and influence all measures for the betterment of the public welfare. He is particularly earnest in his advocacy of the best possible educational facilities and of improved roads. He is a man of high purpose, splendid character, candid and straightforward in all of his dealings and possesses marked business ability. Because of these qualities, as well as his cordial and friendly manner, he has attained an enviable place in the confidence and good will of his fellow citizens throughout the community. IVER BOTTEN An enterprising and progressive spirit has characterized the career of Iver Botten, who has long been numbered among the influential and successful citizens of western Snohomish county, with which locality he has been closely identified for nearly thirty-five years, and, because of his activities and his high standing in the community he is eminently deserving of mention among those who have conserved the prosperity of this section of the state. Mr. Botten, who has long been a leading merchant at Silvana, is a native of Norway, born on the 13th of September, 1872, and is a son of Einar and Marie (Snekvik) Botten, both lifelong residents of Norway, where the father followed farming and carpentering. They are now deceased, the mother dying in 1915 and the father in 1917. They were the parents of eight children, five of whom are living, namely : Peder and Elizabeth, twins, both of whom are deceased ; Anne ; Peder and Iver, twins ; Sivert ; Johanna, deceased; and Marie. Iver Botten attended the public schools in his native land, receiving the equivalent of what would be the second year of high school work in this country. He remained at home until 1892, when he came to the United States, arriving here on September 11th, and at once came to Stanwood, Washington, being accompanied by his brother Peder. Going to a cousin, E. P. Hansen, at Florence, they remained with him two days, and then began work for another cousin, Peder Snekvik, at Norman, on the H. P. Husby ranch. During that entire winter they were engaged in cutting shingle bolts and in the following spring were employed at that kind of work by E. P. Hansen. In the fall of 1893, during a period of hard times, Iver Botten worked for his board and room for Mr. Hansen. He was anxious to learn the English language and went to school that winter at Florence. Later a few of the Norwegian boys hired Alex Robertson as a private teacher, receiving his instructions during daytime and working for board and room in the mornings and evenings. In the summer of 1894 Mr. Botten entered the employ of Mr. Juell near Florence, and then, in August and September, he took a job at slashing timber at Florence. In the ensuing winter he went to Bryant and cut shingle bolts, and in the spring of 1895 he and his brother bought a small tract of cedar timber, from which they cut shingle bolts, which they sold to a shingle mill, and during the next winter they cut shingle bolts from other land which they had previously purchased. Iver Botten was anxious to better equip himself for a business career and to this end he then entered a business college at Seattle, where he remained for a few months. In the fall of 1897 he and his brother bought a general stock of merchandise and opened a store at Florence, where they remained in business until the spring of 1899, when HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 519 they bought the stock of Haugen & Company, at Silvana, to which store they moved their stock from Florence. Iver Botten served as deputy postmaster at Silvana and later, on the resignation of Iver Johnson as postmaster, he was appointed to that position, in which he served until 1910. In that year he sold his stock in the store to Mr. Kendrick and, with his family went to Norway. His brother Peder had gone back to that country in 1901 and had taken over his father's homestead, being assisted in the purchase by Iver. The brothers built and operated a sawmill on the farm and also conducted a store there. When Iver Botten went to Norway in 1910 he assisted his brother, Peder, in the office and business management of the property until the fall of 1914, when he returned to Silvana and engaged in business again in his old store, beginning operations in February, 1916. In the previous year he had operated a ranch for his mother-in-law near Silvana. He is still in business at Silvana and now carries a large and well selected stock of general merchandise, together with flour, feed and hardware. He has, by close attention to business and the exercise of sound judgment, built up a large and steadily increasing trade and has gained marked prestige in business circles of Snohomish county. On June 14, 1899, Mr. Botten was married to Miss Clara Prestlien, who was born in Minnesota, June 22, 1879. Her parents, Nils and Sarah (Torgerson) Prestlien, were natives of Norway. Her paternal grandfather, Mikkel Prestlien, came to the United States with his family in March, 1869, settling in Ottertail county, Minnesota, of which locality they were pioneers. There they spent their remaining years, the grandfather dying in April, 1883, and the grandmother in 1913. Mrs. Botten's maternal grandmother, Mrs. Kari Torgerson, is now living with her daughter, Mrs. Wold, at Silvana, and is ninety-six years of age. Nils Prestlien came from Minnesota to Stanwood in 1884 and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land on the Pacific highway, three miles northwest of Silvana, and there spent his remaining years. He was a painter by trade, but devoted himself closely to the improvement of his land, a part of which he cleared and put under cultivation. To him and his wife were born five children, of whom two are living, Mrs. Peder Botten and Mrs. Iver Botten. To Mr. and Mrs. Iver Botten have been born nine children. Mrs. Sylvia Marie Moe, who was born at Silvana, April 22, 1900, was graduated from high school and then took two different courses in Wilson's Business College in Seattle. Einar, born at Silvana, June 26, 1902, was graduated from high school and had one year of college work in Minnesota. He intends finishing his college work and will take a theological course. Carl A., born at Silvana, January 2, 1904, was graduated from the Arlington high school and is now at home. Esther Jonett, born at Silvana, January 11, 1906, had two years of high school work. Clara Mar-garethe, born at Silvana, June 3, 1909, was graduated from the Arlington high school in 1926. Nora Louise, born in Norway, March 18, 1913 ; Olive Amanda, born at Silvana, January 30, 1915 ; Arthur Irving, born June 25, 1919 ; and Thelma June Lavon, born June 29, 1924, complete the family. Mr. Botten has been a member of the board of directors of the State Bank of Silvana from the time of its organization. He and his family are members of the Lutheran church at Silvana, in the work of which they are active participants. Although his life has been a busy one, his every-day affairs making heavy demands upon his time, Mr. Botten has never shrunk from his duties as a citizen and his obligations to the community, and has always been found in the lead when any movement is on foot for the betterment of the city or the community. His chief characteristics are keenness of perception, tireless energy, honesty of purpose and that sound judgment which is ordinarily called common sense. For these reasons, he has commanded at all times the respect and confidence of his fellowmen and has been influential in the affairs of his locality. JOHN DANIELSON Dairy farming has become one of the most important departments of agriculture in Snohomish county and among those who have, by their enterprising and progressive methods, achieved more than ordinary success along this line stands John Danielson, whose well improved farm lies about one and a half miles west of Arlington. Mr. Danielson was born at Soudmore, Norway, on the 20th of May, 1873, and is a son of Daniel and Rygine (Ulfsten) Kleep, both of whom also were natives of that country, where the father, who follows the vocation of farming, still lives. To him and his wife were born nine children. John Danielson received his educational training in the public schools of his native land and remained on the home farm until eighteen years of age. He then went to work for the government, being employed in the building of harbors until 1900. In June of that year 520 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Danielson came to the United States, locating at once in Silvana, Snohomish county, where he went to work for his uncle, Sivert Knutson, on whose farm he remained three years. He then leased his uncle's farm for three years and in 1905 bought one hundred and thirty-five acres of land on the Stillaguamish river, one and a half miles west of Arlington. The land was densely covered with timber, brush and logs. - He immediately set to work to clear the land, which task is now practically accomplished and his is considered one of the finest farms on the river. Mr. Danielson raises good crops of hay and oats and maintains the place at a high standard of improvement in every respect. In 1914 he built a fine, nine-room house and the same year erected a large barn and also has a silo. He devotes his attention chiefly to dairy farming, keeping seventy-five head of good grade cows, of which he milks about fifty, the remainder being young stock. He uses milking machines, being one of the first in this section of the valley to introduce them, and in other ways he has shown a progressive spirit. On November 16, 1899, Mr. Danielson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Hjelle, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Carl and Elene (Hjelbake) Hjelle, both now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Danielson have been horn seven children, namely : Ditlef, born March 10, 1901 ; Edwin, November 10, 1911 ; Herman, April 15, 1913 ; Evelyn, March 20, 1915 ; John, Jr., November 26, 1916 ; and two who died in infancy. Mr. Danielson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and takes a keen interest in every enterprise or movement having for its object the betterment or progress of the community. He is a man of excellent personal qualities, enjoys a wide acquaintance and is held in high esteem wherever known. ARTHUR J. PAYNE A creditable representative of the farming interests in Snohomish county is Arthur J. Payne, whose well cultivated farm is located near Everett. The owner is a fine type of citizen and has so ordered his actions as to gain the unbounded esteem of his fellowmen throughout his section of the county. A native of New Brunswick, Canada, he was born in 1867 and is a son of Robert and Mary (Kent) Payne, the former a native of England and the latter of Canada. The father was long engaged in farming pursuits. He and his wife are now deceased, the father dying at the age of ninety-four years. Arthur J. Payne spent his boyhood days on the home farm and secured his educational training in the public schools of that locality. In 1889 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and went to work in the lumber business, also contracting for the cutting of logs and other lines of work, in which he was engaged until 1910. In that year he bought twenty acres of land near Everett and at once entered upon the task of clearing it of the timber and brush with which it was covered. In the course of time he created a good farm and erected a splendid set of farm buildings, and here he has carried on general farming. He has worked hard and continuously but is reaping a commensurate reward in the way of pecuniary success, being now regarded as one of the most enterprising and prosperous farmers of this section. In 1910 Mr. Payne was united in marriage to Miss Nellie May Branch, who also is a native of New Brunswick, and they are the parents of two children, Stanley and Ethel. Mr. Payne is an independent republican in his political alignment and has always taken a keen interest in public affairs, on which he holds well defined opinions. He is a member of the Brotherhood of American Yeomen. He is an earnest advocate of good schools and has served several terms as a member of the school board, also giving his support to all local movements for the betterment of the public welfare. WILLIAM MARTIN William Martin, who for a number of years has been identified with the farming interests of Snohomish county, has shown himself to be a man of sound and mature judgment in his business affairs, industrious and energetic in the operation of his farm, and eminently public-spirited in his relations to the community in which he lives. His birth occurred in Wisconsin on the 17th of October, 1860, and he is the son of Phineas and Catherine (McInroy) Martin, the former of whom was a native of New York state. The mother was born in Perthshire, Scotland, February 5, 1833, and was brought to the United States when three HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 521 years old, the family settling in Cayuga county, New York. She was married to Phineas Martin in 1850 and her death occurred March 13, 1920. Phineas Martin went to Wisconsin in an early day, living there until 1869, when he removed to McLeod county, Minnesota, where he homesteaded eighty acres of land, being a pioneer of that locality. There he spent his remaining years, his death occurring there in 1879. In the family were five children, namely : Mrs. Ida Kuni and Mrs. Emma Sheppard, both residents of Oregon ; William, the subject of this sketch ; Edward, who also lives in Oregon ; and Mrs. Minnie Faulkner, who makes her home in Minnesota. William Martin received a public school education in Minnesota and remained at home for a number of years. He leased his mother's farm and also bought eighty acres, thus having one hundred and sixty acres, of which he farmed about one hundred acres, the remainder being pasture and hay land. In the spring of 1900 Mr. Martin leased the Minnesota land and came to Everett, Snohomish county, where he went to work with a team, hauling lumber and wood. In 1911 he bought thirty-two acres of land one mile east of Edge-comb, about seven acres of which were cleared and on which stood a good barn. He continued the work of improvement, and now has about twenty-two acres cleared and under cultivation, three acres being kept in timber, while the remainder is in pasture. In 1911 he erected a nice modern residence and in 1918 built a silo. He keeps seven good grade cows and two horses, while his principal crops are hay and corn, the latter being mainly utilized in the silo. He is a good farmer, gives close attention to the details of his work, and has attained a splendid measure of success. In December, 1891, Mr. Martin was united in marriage to Miss Rose Hamilton, who was born and reared in Minnesota, a daughter of John and Mary Hamilton, the former a native of Scotland and the latter of Canada, both of whom are deceased. Mrs. Martin died March 20, 1914, leaving two children, namely : Mrs. Hazel Stubbs, born in Minnesota, October 22, 1893, and now living in Everett, Washington ; and John Arthur, who was born in Minnesota July 17, 1896, and was married to Miss Marjory Putnam, a native of Minnesota. They have one child, Peggy Joyce, who was born March 2, 1922. John A. Martin lives with his father and assists in the work of the farm. Mr. Martin is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and belongs to Stewart (Minnesota) Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. He is a man of well defined opinions and progressive ideas, stands for good roads and schools, and in every way has proved himself a man well worthy of the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen. ANDREW FOLDEN The history of Snohomish county would not be complete without individual mention of those whose personal efforts have contributed to the development and improvement of her farm lands and whose success has been a direct contribution to the general prosperity of the county. Among this number stands Andrew Folden, who has long been classed with the successful farmers and respected citizens of his community. He was born in Norway, May 25, 1864, and is a son of Peter and Annie (Toresdatter) Arentsen, both of whom died in their native land. They were the parents of five children, Andrew, Peder, Tore, John and Peter. Andrew Folden was educated in the public schools of his home neighborhood and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when fifteen years old. He remained at home until 1889, when he emigrated to the United States, settling at Utsaladdy, Washington. For about a year and a half after his arrival here he was employed in the sawmills of the Port Gamble Mill Company, and then spent a year in seal fishing in the Bering sea. Returning to Washington, he went to work on the railroad between Burlington and Anacortes. A short time later he turned his attention to the logging business, which he followed until his marriage. In 1894 he bought seven and a half acres of land near Stanwood, which he occupied until 1900, when he sold out and bought thirty-seven acres of land at Port Susan. This was mainly tidewater land, which he reclaimed, building a dyke and running ditches. The land proved fertile and productive and he made other permanent improvements, including a good house and barn, and lived there until 1912, when he moved to a ranch in section 17, township 31, where he is now engaged in farming. He owns both places and raises large crops of hay and oats, about twenty-five acres of the upper ranch being cleared. In 1925 he built a fine, modern barn and has a well improved and valuable property. He milks twenty-four good grade cows and also has a registered Guernsey sire. He is thoroughly practical and up-to-date in his methods and is well deserving of the splendid measure of success which has crowned his efforts. 522 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1898 Mr. Folden was married to Miss Marie Back, who was born and reared in Norway, the daughter of Eiel and Maret (Oldsdatter) Back, also natives of Norway, where the father died, while the mother is still living there. They were the parents of four children. To Mr. and Mrs. Folden have been born five children, namely : Mrs. Annie Sundrick ; Enga, who is a graduate of a business college in Everett and is now employed in Stanwood; August, who is a student in a business college in Seattle; Peder, who graduated from high school and then had a year in the State Agricultural College; and Emil, who also is a graduate of the high school. Mr. Folden is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Sons of Norway. He has taken a helpful interest in local public affairs and served five years as a member of the school board of Birmingham. He has shown himself a man of sound and dependable business ability, and has well merited the high place which he holds throughout the community where he lives. SIVERT JOHNSON If one desires to gain a vivid realization of the rapid advance in the development and civilization of western Washington which the last fifty years have brought about, he can listen to the stories that men who are still living among us can tell of their early experiences when the country was new and social conditions were in the formative period. Conspicuous among these veterans of the pioneer period is the highly respected citizen to a brief review of whose career the following lines are devoted. Sivert Johnson was born in Merager, Norway, on the 14th of January, 1856, and is a son of John and Annie (Sivertsen) Rollef son. The parents came from their native land to the United States in 1884, locating in North Dakota, where the father followed farming during the remainder of his life, his death occurring there in 1920. His wife had passed away in 1890. Sivert Johnson was reared at home and attended the public schools, after which for a number of years he drove stage for tourists who visited his country. In 1875 he emigrated to the United States and settled in South Dakota, locating on a farm near Vermilion, to the operation of which he devoted himself until 1877. In the fall of that year he came to Stanwood, Washington. His first work here was on the farm of Mr. Brygger, and later he was in the employ of 0. B. Iverson, a prominent farmer and pioneer of Stanwood. He then came to Utsaladdy, on Camano island, where he was employed at sawmill work for several years. In 1895 Mr. Johnson bought forty acres of school land on the island, two and a half miles west of Stanwood. It was heavily timbered and no roads were near his tract. He built a small house, to which he later made an addition, and began clearing the land, which is practically all now under cultivation. In 1922 he located on a three-acre tract across the road, where he now lives, but still owns and operates the old place. He keeps nine good grade Holstein cows, while his principal crops are hay, oats and potatoes. His career here has been characterized by hard labor, but by the exercise of sound judgment and wise discrimination, he has gained a well deserved prosperity and can now enjoy the fruits of his former years of toil. On October 7, 1882, Mr Johnson was married to Miss Annie Larson, who was born in Norway. Her parents, John P. and Annie (Solum) Larson, were also natives of Norway, the father having been born at Tronheim and the mother at Drammen. They came to the United States in 1862, settling in Wisconsin, where the father followed the trade of a wheelwright until 1874, when he came to Utsaladdy, Camano island, Washington, where he was employed at his trade during practically the remainder of his life, his death occurring October 8, 1921. The mother died November 8, 1918. Mrs. Johnson is their only child. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been born twelve children, all of whom are living, namely : Mrs. Cora Shelledy, who is the mother of six children, Harry, William, Bobbie, Marion, Margeen and Annie E. ; Mrs. Sena Rollf son, who has three children, Ivan, Francine and Wallace; Mrs. Ida Steenfoot, who is the mother of three sons, Leslie, Donald and Howard; Charlie, who is married; Mrs. Annie Brydges, who is the mother of four children, Wilford, Marie, Bobbie and Delbert ; Mrs. Hettie Mellum, who has three children, Mildred, Pauline and Edward; Mrs. Esther Leslie, who has four children, James, Richard, Helen, and Ruth ; Martin, who is married and has two children, Cecil and Ardell ; Mrs. Jeanette Douglass, who is the mother of two children, Dorothy and Kenneth; Mrs. Fay Miller, whose sketch appears on other pages of this work, and who is the mother of two children ; Viola, who lives in Everett; and Theodore, who remains at home. Mr. Johnson has at all times maintained a good citizen's interest in the welfare of the community, supporting all measures for the advancement of educational facilities and advocating HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 523 good roads. He rendered effective service as road supervisor for many years and also served on the school board in early days. He is generous in his support of all benevolent or charitable causes and stands for the best interests of the locality along material, civic or moral lines. Because of these qualities, as well as for his genial and friendly manner, he has the confidence and respect of all who know him. OLUF HOLMSTAD Among the early settlers on the upper Stillaguamish river and Jordan or South Fork creek was the Holmstad family, of which the subject of this sketch is a worthy representative. That section of Snohomish county was then practically all virgin forest and the only practical way to reach it was by canoe, a few Indian trails being the only highways. The Holmstad family have contributed their full part to the development of the locality and have always stood in the forefront of those who have promoted the progress of the northwestern part of the county. Oluf Holmstad is a native of Norway, his birth occurring on the 1st of March, 1866, and he is a son of Elias and Olava (Olsen) Holmstad, both of whom were born in that country. In 1883 the family came to the United States, settling in Jackson county, Minnesota, where the father engaged in farming for about five years. In the spring of 1888 they removed to Stanwood, Washington, and three weeks later the father and three sons went up the Stilla-guamish river as far as Jordan, near which place all of them took up homesteads. On the voyage up the river their boat was swamped near the mouth of "Jim" creek and they lost the greater part of their supplies. On their arrival at their land they were without shelter and, as it was during a wet spell, they hastily rigged up a temporary shelter from boughs, which sufficed until they were able to build a small split-cedar house. This was destroyed by fire two months later, and then they built a larger log house. They began clearing the land and lived there until 1906, by which time a goodly part of the tract was cleared. They then sold the land and bought ten acres near Arlington, the most of which they cleared, selling it three years later. They also cleared ten acres of a twenty-acre tract which the father owned near by. In 1910 they went back to Jordan and farmed there about a year, at the end of which time they came to Arlington and bought a home for the parents, in which they lived about six years. They next purchased nine acres of land adjoining the city limits of Arlington, which is the present family home. In 1925 they built a new barn and have been engaged in dairy farming, keeping a nice herd of milk cows, and also a flock of chickens. The father died January 22, 1922, at the age of eighty-five years, and is survived by the mother, who is now eighty-seven years old but remarkably active for her years and still attending to the household duties. To Elias and Olava Holmstad were born thirteen children, namely : Mrs. Nellie Wick, who lives at Jordan ; Petra, deceased ; Ole, who lives at Jordan ; Edward E., who lives on Jim creek ; Oluf, who remained with his parents ; Josephine, deceased ; Ida, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased ; Mrs. Nettie Furland, deceased; Mrs. Mettie Funk, who lives in Beverly Park ; Fred, who resides in California ; Anton, who lives in Everett ; and one who died in infancy. They also adopted two children, Mrs. Clara Fay, who lives at Carnation, Washington, and Charles Guyett, who resides in Stanwood, this county. The various members of this family who settled in Snohomish county have proven worthy citizens and have at all times stood for the best things in community life. Oluf Holmstad is a man of excellent character and candid and straightforward manner, has a wide acquaintance throughout his section of the county, and holds an enviable place in the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens. WILLARD 0. CEDERGREEN Another of the native sons of Snohomish county who has attained not only a large measure of material success but has also won an enviable place in the estimation of his fellow citizens, is Willard 0. Cedergreen, who operates one of the largest and most productive farms in Snohomish county. He was born on the place where he now lives in 1892 and is the tenth in order of birth of the fourteen children who blessed the union of J. A. and Amelia (Frederickson) Cedergreen. His father was born in Munstraate, Sweden, on December 9, 1846, and in 1863, at the age of seventeen years, went to sea as a common sailor. He followed the sea a number of years, sailing to Europe, Asia, South America and other parts of the world, and 524 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in 1867 landed at San Francisco. During the following three years he sailed on coastwise schooners, and then located on San Juan island, moving later to Lopez island. In 1871 he came to Snohomish and for ten years was in the employ of E. C. Ferguson. In 1883 he took up a homestead, and also a preemption, comprising the present farm, and here he devoted himself vigorously to the clearing of the land and the developing of a farm. That he was successful in his efforts is evidenced by the fact that his farm "is now numbered among the seven largest in the county and has always been considered one of the most productive and valuable. Mr. Cedergreen was a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers' Association. His death occurred in December, 1922, and he is survived by his widow, who is a native of Norway. They were married December 25, 1877, and she is still living on the homestead. To them were born fourteen children: Mabel Amanda is the wife of Jesse Smith of Monroe and they have four children; Alma is the wife of Edward Riether and they have five children; Belle is the wife of H. E. Smith, of Lochloy, Washington; Alfred, of Colfax, is married and has four children; Victor Immanuel, of Wenatchee, is married and has three children ; Reuben, of Wenatchee, is married and has two children; Ethel is the wife of Albert Drennan, and they live on the home place; Benjamin H. is married and lives at Wenatchee; Grace is the wife of Walter Geue, of near Snohomish; Willard 0. is the next of the family ; Esther is the wife of R. H. Cook and they also live on the home place ; N. W., who is married, lives in Monroe; Ivy died at the age of three months ; C. T. is married and living at Monroe. Willard 0. Cedergreen was reared on the home farm and secured his education in the public schools, after which he took a course in a business college at Everett. He has always lived on the home farm, assisting his father until the latter's death, since which time he has had the management of the estate. He is giving his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping sixty Holstein milk cows and a registered sire. About one hundred and seventy-five acres of land are under cultivation, producing splendid crops of hay and grain, and Mr. Cedergreen is also specializing in the raising of seed oats, in which he has met with very gratifying success. The farm is well improved in every respect and is maintained at a high point of efficiency. In 1916 Mr. Cedargreen was united in marriage to Miss Ruby Ford, who was born in Snohomish, the daughter of G. W. and Flora (Canfield) Ford, natives of Minnesota, but now living in Snohomish, being numbered among the early settlers of this locality. Mr. and Mrs. Cedergreen have four children, namely : Donald, Wilfred, Ladonna and Gyneth. Mr. Cedergreen is a member of the Milk Shippers' Association of Seattle. Fraternally is connected with Snohomish Lodge, No. 195, F. 0. E. A gentleman of pleasing address and agreeable manner, he enjoys wide acquaintance throughout this section of the county and is deservedly popular among his associates. He is giving intelligent and thoughtful direction to the operation of the farm and has gained recognition as one of the leading farmers of his community. EVERETT PULP & PAPER COMPANY Among the large productive industries to which the Pacific northwest is indebted for its development and progress is that of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company, one of the pioneer business corporations of northwestern Washington. It was organized May 7, 1891, as the Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company, and on January 26, 1895, the present style was adopted. The first officers of the Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company were Henry Hewitt, Jr., known as the father of Everett ; Lewis D. Armstrong, vice president ; C. W. Wetmore, secretary ; Gardner Colby, of New York, treasurer ; Lindwood B. Stewart, assistant treasurer and general manager; and Wilfred S. Barnes, superintendent of manufacturing. The history of the business is inseparably associated with that of Everett. In 1891 Henry Hewitt, Jr., took a trip to Alaska and on the boat made the acquaintance of Charles L. Colby, president of the Wisconsin Central Railroad Company. Mr. Colby was in search of a suitable location for building whaleback steamers similar to those operating on the Great Lakes and was guided by Mr. Hewitt's advice in the selection of a site. On their return from Alaska they went to the mouth of the Snohomish river, where later a shipbuilding plant was established, and it was there that the whaleback steamer Charles W. Wetmore was repaired after it had delivered the machinery for the Puget Sound Wire, Nail & Steel Company and the Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company. A whaleback was built by the Puget Sound Barge Company and launched about 1893 but the steamer proved unsatisfactory and the original plant was abandoned. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 525 Mr. Hewitt realized that the present location of Everett was an ideal site for an industrial city and after a conference with Mr. Colby and his New York associates secured their cooperation in this project. Mr. Hewitt was authorized to purchase land in and around Everett and among the well known capitalists who financed the undertaking were John D. Rockefeller of the Standard Oil Company ; A. R. Whitney, of New York, interested in the wire nail business ; Colonel A. G. Paine, president of the New York & Pennsylvania Company, paper manufacturers ; Joseph L. Colby, of New York, interested in mining operations ; and Charles L. Colby, then president of the Wisconsin Central Railroad. The following corporations were formed : the Everett Land Company, operating in real estate ; the Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company, which erected a plant with a capacity of fifteen tons of finished paper per day ; the Puget Sound Wire, Nail & Steel Company, controlling an industry with a daily capacity of one thousand kegs ; the Puget Sound Barge Works ; and the Puget Sound Reduction Company, operating a plant with a daily capacity of about four hundred tons of ore. Later the Everett Land Company formed the Everett Water Company and also the Everett Brick Company. A dock was built on the water front and the Monte Cristo and Bay View Hotels were erected. Everett was thus started as an industrial center. The next step was the building of the Everett & Monte Cristo Railroad from Hartford Junction on the Seattle & International Railroad to Monte Cristo, a distance of fifty-six miles. At the termination of the line a plant with a capacity of a thousand tons per day was built for concentrating gold, silver and copper ore. W. J. Rucker, Henry Friday, W. G. Swalwell and other homesteaders in this locality had retained their property, and in 1891 W. G. Swalwell filed a plat covering his acreage on the river side, which was thought to be the real city of Everett. In the same year the Everett Land Company filed the first plat of the first city addition, located on Pacific avenue, but in March, 1892, the actual city of Everett was filed by the corporation. The first sales were made March 14, 1892, and the stockholders of the Everett Land Company and its subsidiaries as well as the other corporations before mentioned were as follows : L. S. J. Hunt ; C. H. Ropes ; J. L. Colby ; J. H. Hoyt ; J. B. Colgate, manufacturer of the soap which bears his name ; John D. Rockefeller, the well known oil magnate ; H. C. Henry, a prominent business man of Seattle ; H. F. Balch; W. W. Keen ; S. H. Ordway ; Gardner Colby ; H. C. Rouse ; F. 0. Barton ; E. A. Groater ; Sidney M. Colgate, also a soap manufacturer ; S. H. Howe ; E. H. Abbot ; Benjamin Barker, Jr. ; Rowland Hazard ; L. H. Severance ; C. W. Harkness, of the Standard Oil Company ; A. D. Thomas ; H. M. Bream ; A. A. Allen ; C. L. Colby ; Colgate Hoyt ; E. J. Barney, head of the large firm of railway car builders ; A. C. Barney ; Luther N. Curtis ; N. K. Porter ; J. F. Plummer ; Frank Abbott ; M. M. Armstrong, vice president of the New York & Pennsylvania Company and also of the New York Paper Manufacturing Company ; Henry Hewitt, Jr., of Tacoma ; B. Lombard, Jr. ; C. W. Wetmore ; and C. T. Barney, president of the Knickerbocker Trust Company, all business men of prominence, who invested millions of dollars in the project for Everett's development along industrial lines. The business of the Pacific Wire, Nail & Steel Corripany was afterward sold to the American Wire, Nail & Steel Company and later became the property of the United States Steel Company. The holdings of the Puget Sound Reduction Company were acquired by the Gugenheim interests, and the Everett & Monte Cristo Railroad was sold to the Northern Pacific Railroad Company but the line is now operated by Rucker Brothers. The business of the Everett Land Company was purchased by J. T. McChesney and the Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company, now conducted under the name of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company, is the only one of the original enterprises which is operating at the present time. In the early days James J. Hill wished to make Everett the terminal of the Great Northern Railroad but the business relations between himself and John D. Rockefeller were not harmonious. The latter knew that many had large sums invested here and was also aware of the fact that the aid of the railroad magnate was essential to the development of the city. Therefore Mr. Rockefeller instructed his secretary, F. D. Gates, to sell his stock to the Hill interests at fifty cents on the dollar and withdrew from the combination at considerable loss in order that Everett might progress. It had eighteen hundred inhabitants in 1892, five thousand in 1893, eighteen thousand in 1905 and the present population of the city is more than thirty thousand. The Puget Sound Pulp & Paper Company was started with a paid up capital of four hundred thousand dollars and immediately erected a plant capable of producing fifteen tons of paper per day. The first sheet of machine finished book paper was made here on the 7th of July, 1892, and about one hundred and twenty-five persons were employed. The main office was established in New York city, and from 1892 to 1895 the output of the mill was sold on the Pacific coast and to markets in the middle west. In 1896 the firm began to export its product and trade relations were developed with the Orient, Australasia, South 526 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY America and the Philippine islands. The daily output in 1892 was fifteen tons ; eighteen tons in 1903; and in 1926 it averages thirty-eight and one-half tons. The finished product of the company is of superior quality, attained by years of constant striving for perfection, and throughout the period of its existence the firm has been governed by the highest standards of commercial ethics. The plant is a model of its kind and in September, 1926, a new machine was put in operation which will increase the capacity to sixty-five tons per day. It produces machine finished and super-calendared book papers, magazine and label papers, also drawing and chemical railroad writing paper. Another portion of the establishment is equipped for the making of commercial stationery, tablets, composition books, theme papers, scratch pads, spelling blanks and school supplies. All wood pulp paper is produced by the soda process and two hundred and seventy-five persons are now working in the mill. The plant covers ten acres and has exceptionally fine facilities for rail and water shipments. It is situated on the Snohomish river and has spur connections with three transcontinental lines. The property comprises twenty acres of ground and the company is capitalized at two million, four hundred thousand dollars. William Howarth was made manager of the plant on the 1st of February, 1896, and in October of that year A. H. B. Jordan was called from the plant of the New York & Pennsylvania Company in the Keystone state to the position of superintendent of manufacturing of the Everett Pulp & Piper Company. In 1902 he joined William Howarth and his brother, Leonard Howarth, also of Washington, in purchasing the interests of John D. Rockefeller and other stockholders in the corporation, of which they have since been the sole owners. The present officers are : William Howarth, president and treasurer ; A. H. B. Jordan, vice president ; Augustus Johnson, secretary ; and W. J. Pilz, manager and assistant secretary. This is one of the most progressive business organizations in the northwest, and the industry has been a great asset to Everett and to the state as well. Its development has required much thought and the expenditure of large sums of money. The prestige which the firm today enjoys is due to the combined efforts of Mr. Howarth and his associates, all of whom are experienced business men of exceptional ability and high standing. GEORGE LA FAYETTE SNYDER George La Fayette Snyder, scion of an old and aristocratic family of the south, has won success in the hotel business, and he is also numbered among the talented attorneys of Monroe. He has likewise been an earnest and effective worker for the spiritual uplift and betterment of humanity and is a man of varied talents, which he has put to good use. He was born in Tennessee, and his parents, Colonel G. W. and Sarah E. (Slaughter) Snyder, were natives of Blount county, that state. His father was an officer in the state militia and held the rank of colonel in the Confederate army, gallantly defending the southern cause. He was a son of George Snyder, who was a lawyer of high attainments and served as judge of the county court. He was equally successful in business affairs and became recognized as one of the foremost men of his state. He was the owner of mills and stores, a manufacturer of harness and saddles, and also operated a tannery. His personality was an inspiration to progress and his integrity was above question. George L. Snyder received a very thorough education and is a gentleman of culture and refinement. He attended a Quaker college at Maryville, Tennessee, and was afterward a student at Grant University in Athens, that state. He next entered the University of Tennessee and completed his law course in 1891. He was a member of the first law class graduated from the State University and received the first law degree issued by that institution of learning. Mr. Snyder began his professional career at Knoxville, where he spent five years, and then opened an office in Jackson, Tennessee. He subsequently entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, after taking the four years' course in theology, and for a number of years was a preacher of the Gospel, influencing many to follow the teachings of the Master. He first came to Washington in 1902 and entered a homestead in Douglas county. Later he was a resident of Denver, Colorado, where he was pastor of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church, South, and in 1904 returned to Washington. He filled various pastorates and his religious instruction proved a tangible force for good in every community which he served. In 1919 he came to Monroe and on June 26 of that year purchased the St. James Hotel, which he has since conducted. It is modern, well appointed, and contains twenty rooms. It is now known as the Snyder Hotel, and efficient service, smoothly rendered, has made this a popular hostelry with the traveling public. Mr. Snyder still continues his legal work and a large practice is indicative of the confidence reposed in his ability as an advocate and counselor. GEORGE L. SNYDER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 529 Mr. Snyder's first wife, who was Miss Fannie Pellaux, of Knox county, Tennessee, passed away in 1885, leaving a son, Roy S., who is a member of the coast artillery and is stationed at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. On July 17, 1904, Mr. Snyder married Miss Zilpah L. Atkins, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of John Atkins, who is engaged in the hotel business. To this union was born one child, Georgia, who is a high school graduate and resides at home. Mr. Snyder is a republican and has been school director, the only public office which he ever filled, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. He is a broad-gauged man whose interests and activities are well balanced, and his life has been fraught with the accomplishment of much good. LORENZ LORENZEN Lorenz Lorenzen, a resident of Snohomish county for more than a third of a century, living four miles west of Arlington, had attained the age of sixty-three years when called to his final rest on the 12th of December, 1923. He was widely known as one of the self-made men of the Stillaguamish valley. Coining here from the old country in 1886 with little except his hands and the ability to use them to good advantage, he eventually became the owner of one of the finest of the small farms in this section of Snohomish county. Mr. Lorenzen was born in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, in the spring of 1860, the third of six children of Hans and Botilla (Jensen) Lorenzen, both of whom died when Lorenz was but fifteen years of age, leaving him at that age to battle with the world. He followed farm work in Germany for several years, then left brothers and sisters and came across the Atlantic to join his cousin, Thomas Jensen, a farmer on the Stillaguamish. Mr. Lorenzen traveled by way of Portland to reach Snohomish county. Soon after arriving here he commenced to farm, and after two years of this occupation purchased an eighty-acre tract of timber. He made his home with his cousin, and a suggestion of the isolated position of his holding may be gained from the fact that save for Mrs. Jensen, Mr. Lorenzen did not see a white woman for a year after he had located up the river. After settling on his land Mr. Lorenzen sold forty acres, clearing and devoting the remaining forty to the purposes of a dairy farm. He had twenty-six head of cattle and conducted an extensive dairy business. As one of the pioneers of this section of Snohomish county, Mr. Lorenzen had many recollections of intensely interesting happenings and experiences of the early days before settlers began to pour into the valley. During his early days in the Stillaguamish valley he made his home with Mr. and Mrs. Jensen, but afterward became proprietor of his own farm and lived upon it. In politics he was independent and he never sought office. The reputation he won in the community of being a successful, thrifty, energetic man who thoroughly understood the dairy business was a justly deserved one ; his position as one of the substantial citizens of the valley was assured ; and as one of the county's hardy pioneers his name will be preserved in the history of this region. HENRY WHEELER Among the men of the past generation who are worthy of specific mention in the annals of Snohomish county because of the part they played in its development stands Henry Wheeler, who has long since passed on to the higher life and who is gratefully remembered by all who knew him. He was a man of indomitable industry and excellent judgment and was not 'denied a due measure of success. Mr. Wheeler was born in Aldershot, England, October 16, 1850, and was a son of Henry and Hannah Wheeler, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country, where their deaths occurred. Our subject secured a good education in the public schools of England, where he remained until 1869, when at the age of nineteen years, he came to this country. He first located in Indiana and was employed in coal mines there until 1883, when he went to Tennessee, where he was similarly employed for two years, as he was also for one year in Iowa. On July 5, 1886, Mr. Wheeler came to Tacoma, Washington, and about December 30, 1886, he filed on one hundred and sixty acres of land on the Big marsh, seven miles north of Marysville. This was wild land, covered with virgin timber, and, after first building a small log cabin, he began clearing the land. He persevered and eventually created a good farm, on 530 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY which he lived until 1903, when he sold that place and retired from active labor. His death occurred December 5, 1910. Mr. Wheeler was married in 1878 to Miss Bridget Price, who was born in Wales and died June 22, 1886. Their only child, Lizzie, was born at Coal Creek, Indiana, January 15, 1880, and received her education in the public school at Shoulters, Washington. She remained at home, keeping house for her father until her marriage, September 12, 1900, to Andrew Hovik, who was born in Norway, September 13, 1879, a son of Ludwig and Hannah (Johnson) Hovik, who are mentioned at length in a personal sketch on another page of this work. Mrs. Hovik came to Snohomish county with her father in 1886. Mr. Hovik has devoted all his active years to the lumber and logging business, in which he is an expert, and is now engineer of a logging train that is operating east of Arlington. In 1904 Mr. and Mrs. Hovik bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, one mile west of Edgecomb, all of which was covered with a heavy growth of cedar timber. They sold the timber and then cleared about thirty acres of the land, on which they are carrying on dairy farming, keeping ten good grade Guernsey cows. They raise good crops of hay and oats, while a part of the land affords excellent pasture. They built a nice house on the place in 1908 and a large barn in 1910 and have made other substantial improvements which have added to the value and efficiency of the ranch. Mr. and Mrs. Hovik are the parents of eight children, namely : Elmer, born March 20, 1901, who married Della Moore ; Lloyd H., born October 6, 1903 ; Mrs. Hazel E. Lark, born August 11, 1905 ; Clyde Andrew, born April 14, 1908, now a senior in the high schools at Marysville ; Walter Vern, born January 12, 1912 ; Roy Earl, born July 18, 1913 ; Leonard Eugene, born August 22, 1915 ; and Dennie Gordon, born February 1, 1918. Mrs. Hovik and her son Lloyd operate the farm, as Mr. Hovik's employment prevents his coming home except at week ends. Mr. Hovik is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and he maintains fraternal relations with Arlington Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, also Arlington Encampment, No. 90 ; and Arlington Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mrs. Hovik is a member of the Grange, the Order of the Eastern Star, the Daughters of Rebekah and the Neighbors of Woodcraft. PETER SATRA Agricultural activity in northwestern Washington has received marked impetus from the Intelligently directed efforts of Peter Satra, the owner of a desirable ranch, situated in township thirty-one north, range five east, near the town of Arlington. He was boil.' January 6, 1880, in Traill county, North Dakota, and his parents, T. C. and Ingebor Satra, were natives of Norway. They sought the opportunities of the United States early in the '70s, locating first in Minnesota, and later moved to Traill county, North Dakota. The father entered a homestead in the famous Red River valley and developed that property, subsequently buying and selling several farms in that locality. In 1893 he disposed of his holdings in North Dakota and migrated to the state of Washington, purchasing a small berry farm near Tacoma. He operated the place until 1899, when he moved to Port Susan, and in partnership with E. I. Evanson bought two hundred and eighty acres of tidewater land. He devoted his energies to the cultivation and improvement of that tract until 1923, when he sold the ranch to his sons Theodore and Carl and returned to Tacoma. He is now living retired in that city but his wife has passed away. Nine children were born to them but Ingvold is deceased. The others are Julia, Carl, Pet( Ida, Thea, Theodore, Melvin and Oliver. Peter Satra attended the ,ublic schools of his native state and his higher education was received in Parkland College of Washington. He worked for some time in logging camps and was engaged in hauling shingle bolts, also performing other tasks. He saved as much as possible from his earnings and in 1905 had accumulated sufficient capital to purchase a livery stable at Florence. At the end of a year he disposed of the undertaking and moved to Arlington, where he embarked in the same line of business, buying the stable of Fred Homestad. For nine years Mr. Satra conducted the business, which he sold in 1915, and purchased one hundred and twenty acres of the John Myers homestead, situated one and a half miles west of Arlington. About ten acres had been improved and he diligently applied himself to the task of clearing and draining the property. He now has eighty acres of rich bottom land under cultivation and the remaining tract of forty acres is in woods and pasture. He raises large crops of oats, hay, barley and peas and owns forty dairy cows, having a registered Guernsey sire at the head of the herd. He erected a new silo in 1911 and another in 1912. He built an addition to the house when he established hi's residence on the ranch and is constantly HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 531 improving the property, which reflects the progressive methods and careful supervision of its owner. On April 4, 1906, Mr. Satra was married to Miss Sadie Kimball, a native of Port Susan, Washington, and a daughter of George R. and Ida (Fenlason) Kimball. Her mother was born in Machias, Maine, and her father's birth occurred in New York state. He mastered the carpenter's trade, which he followed in the east for a number of years, and late in the '70s allied his interests with those of Seattle, Washington. He aided in constructing the first railroad in the state and was also engaged in boat building. He continued to work until a short time before his death on July 28, 1918, and his wife passed away February 25, 1914. To their union were born three children : Sadie ; Mrs. Clara Soderstrom ; and Fred E., who died July 13, 1924, as the result of an accident. Mrs. Satra's grandfather, Wesley J. Fenlason, was one of the well known pioneers of Snohomish county. He was the youngest of the ten children of William and Betsey (Seavey) Fenlason and was born November 6, 1837, in Crawford, Maine. He followed the occupation of farming in the east until 1868, when he came to the Pacific northwest, and for several years was connected with logging operations in the vicinity of Port Susan, Washington. He afterward resumed his agricultural operations and became the owner of a valuable ranch of one hundred and twenty acres near Florence. He was a breeder of Chester White and Berkshire hogs and had a fine herd of Jersey and Holstein cattle. He engaged in dairying on a large scale and his principal crops were hay and oats. In 1856 he married Mary A. Munson, who was born in 1838 and passed away in 1904. She was a daughter of Jonathan and Margaret (Tinker) Munson, natives of Maine. Mr. and Mrs. Satra have become the parents of two children, both of whom are natives of Arlington. Ellsworth, the elder, was born January 13, 1907. He was graduated from the local high school in 1925 and is attending a business college in Seattle. Clare I. was born April 5, 1910, and is now a sophomore in the Arlington high school. Mr. Satra is a member of Silvana Lodge of the Sons of Norway and along fraternal lines is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, belonging to the lodge at Arlington. He keeps in close touch with all new developments along agricultural lines and is well informed on matters of public moment. He is a strong advocate of good roads and schools and is widely and favorably known in Snohomish county, in which he has spent the greater part of his life, thoroughly demonstrating his worth as a citizen. JENS JEPSEN The United States is indebted to the little kingdom of Denmark for having sent so many of her able citizens to this country, and here they have not only contributed in very great measure to the development and progress of the country but have proved loyal and patriotic citizens of their adopted land. Among this number is Jens Jepsen, who was born in Denmark, March 2, 1863, a son of Jeppe and Inger (Gudkjarsen) Petersen, farming folk, who were lifelong residents of that country, both being now deceased. Mr. Jepsen had but limited opportunity for an education, as at the age of nine years he started out to make his own way in the world. He was employed as a farm hand in Denmark until 1892, when, seeking a better field for individual advancement, he came to the United States. He first located in Chicago, where he remained about three months, and then went to South Dakota, where for about fifteen years he engaged in farming. He then became overseer of the county farm of Kingsbury county, Sout Dakota, which position he held about six years. He next went to Alberta, Canada, whey le remained eighteen months, but, not liking that country, he came to Snohomish county, Washington, in 1907 and bought fifteen and a half acres of land, comprising his present farm. The land had been logged but was not cleared and to this necessary task he applied himself, it being now all cleared and under cultivation. When he bought the farm it contained an old house and barn, which he has replaced with good and substantial buildings, while the general appearance of the place indicates that he has given thoughtful direction to his labors. Here Mr. Jepsen carries on mixed farming, raising good crops of potatoes and keeping a number of good milk cows and a nice flock of chickens. In 1900, in Kingsbury county, South Dakota, Mr. Jepsen was united in marriage to Miss Marian Jensen, also a native of Denmark and a daughter of Hans Christian and Anna Christina (Andersen) Jensen, both of whom were born in Denmark, where they spent their lives and died, the father being a gardener by occupation. Mrs. Jepsen came to the United States in 1891, when seventeen years old, to visit her sister, Mrs. Theodor C. Larsen, in South Dakota. She was educated in the public schools of her native land and from the age of 532 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY twelve years had made her own living. Mr. and Mrs. Jepsen are members of the Lutheran church, to which they give generous support. They are industrious, energetic and progressive in their methods and are held in the highest esteem throughout the community where they live. A. R. METZ A typical westerner, A. R. Metz has found that the door of opportunity is ever open to the alert, and impelled by the spirit of progress he has passed far beyond the ranks of mediocrity, taking his place among the leading financiers of Everett, while he has also achieved prominence in fraternal affairs. He was born November 30, 1878, in Oregon and his parents, F. A. and Rachel J. Metz, have passed away. They were pioneer settlers of Oregon, in which the mother located in the '50s, and the father followed the occupation, of farming, becoming a banker in later life. In 1891 the family moved to Colfax, Washington, and there A. R. Metz completed his education. His first position was in the Colfax office of the Deming Investment Company and he next became deputy county treasurer, acting in that capacity for six and a half years. On the expiration of that period he moved to Elberton, Washington, and purchased a private bank. Following the reorganization of the business he assumed the duties of cashier and for eight years carefully safeguarded the funds of the Elberton State Bank. He then reentered the arena of public affairs, becoming auditor of Whitman county, Washington, and his record for the first term won him reelection. Four months later he tendered his resignation and accepted the cashiership of the Pullman State Bank, with which he spent three years. In 1920 he was elected vice president of the Citizens Bank & Trust Company of Everett and has since been the incumbent of the office. An experienced financier, he readily solves the complex problems of modern banking and has done much to promote the success of the institution which he represents. Mr. Metz is married and has become the father of four children. He casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party and is well informed on all matters of public moment. He is much interested in fraternal affairs and is widely known as supreme repre sentative of the Knights of Pythias. He has been grand chancellor of the order, and is also connected with the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Mr. Metz has been the recipient of important trusts, all of which have been faithfully discharged, and he has thoroughly demonstrated his worth as a citizen. HAAKON PEDER LUNNUM To a great extent the prosperity of the northwestern part of Snohomish county has been due to the persistent industry, intelligent methods and the wise economy of the Norwegian element of her citizenship, who have shown a splendid spirit of enterprise and progressiveness. Among this number stands Haakon Lunnum, whose well tilled farm lies two miles southwest of Silvana. Born in Norway on the 28th day of September, 1881, Mr. Lunnum is a son of John and Anna (Pedersen) Lunnum, the latter of whom died in 1887, while the former is still living in Norway. They were the parents of four children, namely : Julia, deceased ; Haakon; Petter, who still lives in Norway ; and Lovisa, deceased. Haakon Lunnum received a good education in his native land, attending the public schools and completing his studies in a seminary. He then taught school for about a year but in 1907 came to the United States, locating in Silvana, Washington, where he was employed in logging camps for about two years. In 1909 he bought forty acres of land in Happy valley, covered with timber and brush, while the only improvement was a small log house, built about 1877 and which was the first cabin built in that valley. It is still standing and is in a good state of preservation. Mr. Lunnum built a three-room house and then turned his attention to clearing the land, which involved much hard labor but in the course of time he cleared about fifteen acres, which he has devoted to hay, the remainder of the land being in pasture. He is giving his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping eight good grade Guernsey cows. Mr. Lunnum was married in Norway, in 1902, to Miss Ane Kjol, a native of that country and a daughter of Sivert and Jonetta Kjol. The father, who was a farmer and fisherman, was accidentally drowned about 1883 and was survived many years by his widow, whose death HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 533 occurred in 1925. They were the parents of four children, Sivert, Ane, Marit, deceased, and Marit, the second of the name. To Mr. and Mrs. Lunnum have been born four children. Anna, who was born in Norway, December 3, 1903, graduated from the Arlington high school and is now in her senior year at the University of Washington, where she is specializing in history and English ; Knut, born in Norway, June 25, 1905, is a graduate of the Arlington high school ; Aasta, born in Silvana, August 30, 1908, died July 11, 1918 ; Haakon Arnold, the youngest, was born March 2, 1917. Mr. Lunnum is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Fraternally he is connected with Mjolner Lodge, No. 34, Sons of Norway, while he and his family are members of the Free Lutheran church at Silvana. Mr. Lunnum is a man of broad views and well defined opinions on the questions of the day and is keenly interested in everything pertaining to the welfare or improvement of his own community. He is a man of sterling character, which has commended him to the good favor of his fellowmen, among whom he enjoys a well deserved popularity. JOSEPH M. HARNETT Among the men who are developing the farming interests of Snohomish county according to advanced methods and are meeting with commensurate success stands Joseph M. Harnett, whose fine ranch near Snohomish is showing outstanding results through his progressive and enterprising methods. Mr. Harnett was born in Missouri in 1872 and is a son of Dr. P. H. and Sophronia Harnett, both of whom were born in Pennsylvania and represented old families of that state. Both are now deceased, the father dying in 1885 and the mother in 1916. Reared in his native state, Joseph M. Harnett there attended public school and at the age of twelve years began working on a farm. When seventeen years of age he went to Chicago and entered the employ of Marshall Field, in whose store he remained eleven years, becoming manager of the men's shoe department. He then went to Rockford, Illinois, and opened a shoe store, which he conducted for seven years, when he sold out and in 1906 came to Snohomish county, Washington, where he became interested in the Three Lake Lumber Company, of which he was made treasurer, later becoming manager. After remaining with that company for nineteen years, Mr. Harnett resigned in April, 1925, though still retaining his stock in the company, and bought his present place, comprising forty acres of good land near Snohomish, to the development of which he is now devoting his attention. He specializes in raising chickens and berries and is meeting with very gratifying results. His place is well equipped and his hatchery has a capacity for three thousand day-old chicks. He has seven and a half acres in berries, and purposes largely increasing the area. All of the improvements on the place are of a substantial and up-to-date character and he is developing a splendid ranch, exercising sound judgment and foresight in all that he has done. In 1904, in Rockford, Illinois, Mr. Harnett was united in marriage to Miss Eunice Woodruff, a native of that place and a daughter of George L. and Fannie (Stevens) Woodruff, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Massachusetts. To Mr. and Mrs. Harnett have been born three sons, Frank, Joseph and Jack, all of whom are at home. Mr. Harnett is a member of Rockford (Illinois) Lodge No. 64, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Snohomish Camp, Modern Woodmen of America, as well as the Grange. He also belongs to the Snohomish County Poultry Association and the Snohomish County Fruit Growers' Association. A gentleman of pleasing address, cordial and friendly in manner, and possessing business qualifications of a high order, he holds an enviable place in the esteem and confidence of all. HENRY C. ROSS Henry C. Ross is too well known in his section of the county to need formal introduction to the readers of this work. A self-made man, having carved his own way in the world and honestly earned every dollar in his possession, he ranks with the most enterprising of his compeers and is numbered among the progressive and prosperous farmers of his community. His success has been gained by persistent industry along right lines. Sound judgment and wise discrimination have characterized his business methods, while his fine public spirit has gained for him the respect of his fellow citizens. Henry C. Ross is a native of Sanilac county, Michigan, born on the 19th day of March, 1855, and is a son of Nelson F. and Samantha (Truax) Ross. The father, who was a 534 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY native of Vermont, died in 1915, and the mother, who was horn in Canada, died in October, 1925, at the advanced age of ninety-five years. The father was a veteran of the Civil war, having served throughout that struggle. He and his wife were the parents of thirteen children, namely : Amanda and John, deceased ; Henry C.; Josephine ; Daniel and Dewitt, twins George; William ; James ; John, deceased ; Hannah ; and two who died in infancy. In the public schools of his native state H. C. Ross received his education and then devoted himself to work on the home farm until 1882, when he came to Washington. He remained at Seattle four years, working in logging camps in that locality, and then went to Mukilteo. Snohomish county, where he engaged in the logging business about ten years. In 1890 he removed to Florence and leased the Alec Robertson farm, which he operated for two years. He next bought twenty-nine and a half acres of land at Warm Beach, about one acre of which had been cleared and on which a small shack was standing. He moved onto the place at once and entered upon the job of clearing the land and getting it into shape for cultivation. He now has about ten acres cleared and has planted it all to fruit, in the handling of which he has met with much more than ordinary success. He raises loganberries, strawberries and blackberries, for the growth of which the soil is particularly adapted. In 1900 Mr. Ross built a new house and has made other substantial improvements, all of which add to the value and attractiveness of the farm. Since coming to Warm Beach, Mr. Ross has also followed the logging business on his own account for about ten years and has also done some road building by contract for the county. In 1886 Mr. Ross was married to Miss Leetta Fowler, who was born and reared in Mukilteo, Washington, and who died in 1893. To this union were horn three children, Hannah, Henry and Waneta. On January 27, 1895, Mr. Ross was married to Miss Evangelena Romines, who was born in Mukilteo, the daughter of William and Leetta (Fowler) Romines, the former of whom was born in eastern New York and the latter in Mukilteo, Washington, both being now deceased. The father followed the business of logging, in which he was successful. To him and his wife were born two children, Mrs. Ross and Fred. Mr. and Mrs. Ross are the parents of fourteen children, namely : Mrs. Josephine Knight, who is the mother of a daughter, Loretta ; Mrs. Helen Moe, of Everett, who is the mother of two children, Fred and Alton; William, who is married and has two children, Willie and Catherine ; Theodore, who also is married ; Mrs. Christine Walters ; Mrs. Lillian Harms ; Dorothy, who is a student in the high school at Stanwood ; Doris ; Frances ; Lenore ; Vernon ; Stanley ; Naomi ; and John who died in infancy. Mr. Ross is an active member of the Grange at Warm Beach. He served effectively as a member of the school board for ten years, having helped to organize the district. He is in favor of the best educational facilities, good roads and all other things that contribute to the development and well-being of the community. He is a man of forceful personality, is a splendid citizen in the best sense of the term and holds an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of the entire community in which he lives. LUDVIG A. HOVIK Among the Norwegian residents of Snohomish county who have been successful in their material affairs and have attained a worthy place among their fellowmen, stands Ludvig A. Hovik, who for nearly forty years has been identified with this locality. He was born at Bergen, Norway, on the 8th of April, 1856, and is a son of Andrew D. and Anna (Andreason) Ness, also natives of that country. The father, who was a carpenter by trade, is deceased, but the mother still lives in Bergen, at the advanced age of ninety-eight years. To them were born the following children : Angel ; Ludvig A. ; Dorothy ; Peter, deceased ; Colbin ; and Andrew, who lives in Alaska. Ludvig A. Hovik attended the schools of his native land and then spent two years as a sheep herder. He afterward engaged in fishing for about a year, and then worked two years for a farmer, receiving the meager pay of eight dollars a year. When eighteen years old he went to Bergen and secured employment in a brewery, where he remained two years, after which he was employed as a fireman in the gas works at Bergen for ten years. In May, 1886, Mr. Hovik emigrated to the United States, going first to Red Wing, Minnesota, whence a few days later he went to Kenyon, that state, where he worked on a railroad for about a year and a half. In the spring of 1888 he came to Seattle, Washington, and a few days later took boat for Utsaladdy, Camano island. After working in a mill there for two weeks, he went to Stanwood, where he was in the employ of Andrew Brue for a few months. He then took a preemption of twenty-five acres near Everett, which he proved up and paid for. After owning this place HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 535 for seven years, he sold it and in 1893 bought eighty acres of land four miles north of Marysville on the Big marsh. A small shack stood on the place, but none of the land was cleared and no roads were near his land. Consequently he carried all his supplies on his back from Marysville. He at once began to clear the land and now has forty-six acres cleared and under cultivation, the -remainder being timber and pasture land. He keeps sixteen good grade Holstein and Guernsey cows and a registered bull. His fertile and well cultivated land produces good crops of hay and oats, while the improvements on the place have contributed greatly to its value and comfort as a farm home. In 1877, in Norway, Mr. Hovik was united in marriage to Miss Johanna Johnson, a daughter of John and Ida (Loreson) Johnson, both of whom are deceased. Mrs. Hovik died August 23, 1916, leaving the following children : Andrew, who is mentioned at length in the sketch of Henry Wheeler, on another page of this work ; Mrs. Inga Rowley, who is the mother of five children, Wilber, Thomas, Leon, Lester and Dorothy ; Golf, who is married and has two children, Herman and Kenneth ; Fred, who was born in this state, is married and has a daughter, Maxine, born December 28, 1912 ; Louis, who is married and has a son, Robert ; Mrs. Jennie Woods, who is the mother of three children, Gertrude, Esther and Billie ; Mrs. Agnes Blair, who has a daughter, Helen ; Edward, who is married and has four children, Maurice, Donna, Jimmie and Elinor ; and Harold, who is also married. Fred is now living on the home place, which he is operating. He was formerly for many years part owner of a shingle mill at Marysville. Mr. Hovik is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has taken a great interest in the welfare of his community, having served eight years as a member of the school board and two years as road supervisor. In 1899 he went to Alaska, where he followed gold mining for about one and a half years, with fair success. He is a man of excellent qualities of character and a personality that has gained for him many warm friends. FRANK C. SHERATON Frank C. Sheraton is one of the strong, sturdy characters who have contributed largely to the progress and welfare of the community where he lives, being a business man of more than ordinary sagacity and foresight, who because of his enterprising methods and indefatigable industry has attained a place in the front ranks of Everett's commercial circles and is entitled to representation in the permanent records of Snohomish county. He was born on the 17th of September, 1882, at St. John, New Brunswick, and is a son of T. R. and Evalyn (Calkins) Sheraton, who still reside in New Brunswick, where the father is engaged in dealing in music and musical instruments. F. C. Sheraton secured a good education in the public schools of his home neighborhood and then went to Natick, Massachusetts, where he engaged in the catering business for nine years. In 1905 he went to Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, where he was in the same line of business for four years. In 1909 he came to Everett and engaged in the automobile business, securing the agency for the Ford and Cadillac cars, which he handled until 1920. In 1915 he organized another company, under the name of C. E. Dow, Inc., which handled the Dodge cars until 1922. In 1920 the firm name was changed to the Frank B. Westlake Company, Inc., which handled the Flint car, but this company was discontinued in 1926. In 1923 the Everett Star Motor Company was organized and is now handling the Durant and Star cars, and to the conduct of this business Mr. Sheraton is confining his chief attention. The company has a fine salesroom, fifty by one hundred and ten feet, at 2719-21 Colby street, and a service and repair station at the corner of Hoyt and California streets. Mr. Sheraton bought this property from William Whitfield in 1923, erected the present two-story brick building, seventy-five by one hundred and ten feet in size, and here has a complete equipment for automobile repairs of any kind. He is president of the Everett Star Motor Company and C. E. Montgomery is vice president. Eight people are employed and the company's sales territory. includes all of Snohomish county and the island counties. By up-to-date business methods, and an aggressive and energetic policy in the sales department, they have built up a splendid business and today have one of the leading automobile agencies of this section of the state. In 1909 Mr. Sheraton was married to Miss Jane Wilson, who was born at Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada, and they now have three children, Roger, Jerry and Jack. Fraternally Mr. Sheraton is an active member of the Masonic order, in which he has attained the Knights Templar degree in the York rite and the thirty-second degree of the Scottish rite, and is also a member of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. 536 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY He belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce and is a director of the Security National Bank. He has been eminently successful in his business affairs and, in addition to his interests in this city, he owns, two fine farms at Kennewick, Washington, which are mainly devoted to the raising of fruit and vegetables. He has given to the world the best of an essentially virile, loyal and altruistic nature and is well worthy of the unqualified confidence and esteem in which, he is held throughout this community. FRANKLIN E. PHELPS Franklin E. Phelps, who was called to his final rest on the 24th of June, 1926, in the seventy-fifth year of his age, had the distinction of being one of the oldest ranchers, in point of continuous ownership and operation, in the Tualco valley, where he was one of the very first settlers. The period of forty-six years during which he resided on his farm covers practically the record of the settlement and development of Snohomish county and he was an active factor in the wonderful progress made in his section of the county. Franklin E. Phelps was born at Oxford, New York, on the 27th of October, 1851, and was a son of Samuel and Lois A. (Lindsey) Phelps, both of whom were natives of New York state and descended from sterling old American families, one of his great-grandfathers having been a soldier in the Revolutionary war. His father was a stonecutter by trade. In the acquirement of an education Franklin E. Phelps attended the public schools of his native state. At the age of eighteen years he began farming on his own account and on attaining his majority he went into the woods of western Pennsylvania, where he remained until about 1875. He then made his way to Wisconsin and went from there down the river to St. Louis as a raftsman. Subsequently he journeyed westward to San Francisco, California, and thence went to Port Townsend, Washington, where he arrived on August 6, 1876. From that place he came to Snohomish but soon thereafter made his way to a logging camp in King county, where he remained for one year. Then he was engaged in the woods and in the lumber business until 1880, retaining his home at Snohomish, and in the year mentioned he bought the farm on which he spent the remainder of his life. The tract comprised one hundred and sixty acres, all of which was covered with timber excepting about twenty acres which were partially cleared. In 1880 he also homesteaded a tract of land one-half mile east of his home place and this he proved up, the period he necessarily spent thereon being the only time he was ever away from his own farm. Eventually he sold the homestead and confined his attention to his farm, on which there are one hundred and fifty acres cleared and in cultivation. In the early years the river was his only means of communication with the outside world. There was a sort of trail from Snohomish, but as it was absolutely useless for a team, he cut a road one-half mile from his place to the river and was thus enabled to haul his produce to the water, where he loaded it on canoes, and he frequently employed Indians to paddle these. His early products were potatoes, vegetables and beef. He kept a large number of beef cattle and supplied a good deal of meat to the logging camps. During the last decade of his life Mr. Phelps devoted his attention mainly to dairying, for which purpose he had about forty cows, and he was very successful in this line of business. He also raised considerable fruit, for which he found ready market. With the passing years he made many improvements on his place, which is known as "Evergreen Ranch" and is one of the best farms in this section of the county. In the forty-six years that Mr. Phelps lived here he found it necessary to buy hay only five times. Mr. Phelps was thrice married. In September, 1880, in Seattle, he wedded Miss Mary Elizabeth Foye, who was born at Waterloo, Iowa, and was a daughter of A. W. and Margaret (Buffington) Foye, natives of Maine and Pennsylvania, respectively. Her death occurred September 20, 1895, and for his second wife Mr. Phelps chose Miss Alice Dickey, a native of California. On April 27, 1909, Mr. Phelps was married to Miss Mary Elizabeth Williams, who was born at Fenton, Michigan, of the marriage of John Dennis and Mary A. (Davis) Williams. Franklin E. and Mary Elizabeth (Williams) Phelps became the parents of a son, Franklin Edmund, who was born March 30, 1922. John Dennis Williams, father of Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Phelps, was a native of Byron, Shiawassee county, Michigan, and died in 1902. His widow, Mrs. Mary A. (Davis) Williams, who was also born in Michigan, is now living in Everett, Washington. She was for years active in the conduct of a social settlement of great usefulness in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and was prominent in social service work there. Mrs. Mary Elizabeth (Williams) Phelps is descended from a long line of American ancestors. Mr. Phelps always maintained a deep interest in the welfare and prosperity of his corn- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 537 munity and took an active part in local public affairs, serving for two terms as a member of the board of county commissioners, many terms as road supervisor and a number of years as a member of the Tualco school board. He also donated a great deal of road work in the early years. Fraternally he was identified with the following Masonic bodies : Centennial Lodge No. 25, A. F. & A. M., of Snohomish, which he joined in 1877 ; Snohomish Chapter No. 15, R. A. M., of which he was a charter member ; Everett Council No. 8, R. & S. M. ; Palestine Commandery No. 11, K. T., of Everett ; the Consistory, A. A. S. R.; and Afifi Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Tacoma. Although his life was a busy one, he never shrank from his duties as a citizen or his obligations to his fellow citizens, and he commanded the respect of all because of his upright life, his splendid public spirit and his kindly and genial manner. WILLIAM McCULLOCH William McCulloch is a retired farmer of the vicinity of Machias, whose life has been characterized by hard and consecutive effort, his well directed activity being abundantly rewarded by the measure of prosperity which he now enjoys. Mr. McCulloch was born in Luane, Iowa, on the 17th day of March, 1871, and is a son of James and Martha (Tobin) McCulloch. His father died in Iowa and in her later years the mother came to Washington, where her death occurred. William McCulloch attended the public schools and in 1889, at the age of eighteen years, went to Seattle, Washington, and entered the employ of the Western Mill Company, remaining there four years. He then came to Machias, Snohomish county, and worked in mills for a time, buying a mill near Machias in 1899, in partnership with his brother, James, who is now sheriff of Snohomish county. In a short time they became the owners of three mills, but in 1912 William McCulloch sold his mill interests and since then has farmed in the Machias and Monroe neighborhoods. On his place near Machias he has just finished a fine, seven-room house, and is now living there, being practically retired from active business. On June 10, 1896, Mr. McCulloch was united in marriage to Miss Mary Hubbard, who was born at Cedar Springs, Michigan, and to them have been born the following children : Robert, who is in the employ of the General Oil Company at Seattle ; Lloyd, Leslie, Ray and Edna May, at home. Mr. McCulloch is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. His political preference is the republican party. In every relation of life he has proven true to every trust and he enjoys to a marked degree the confidence of his fellowmen. CARL A. SATRA Standing in the front rank of the successful and up-to-date farmers of Snohomish county, Carl A. Satra has long been numbered among the leading citizens of this section of the state, for by his example and his success he has exerted a large influence in the direction of improved methods of farming. He is a native of Minnesota, his birth occurring on the 16th of August, 1877, and he is a son of T. C. and Ingebor Satra, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to the United States in the early '70s, settling first in Minnesota. Later they moved to Traill county, North Dakota, where, in the famous Red River valley, the father homesteaded a farm. He bought and sold several farms there, remaining in that locality until 1893, when he sold out and removed to Tacoma, Washington. He bought a small berry farm, on which he lived five or six years, and then came to Port Susan in 1899, buying two hundred and eighty acres of tidewater land in partnership with E. I. Evanson. He engaged in the operation of this land until 1923, when he sold it to his sons Theodore and Carl and returned to Tacoma, where he is now living retired from active business pursuits. His wife died in 1892. To them were born nine children, namely : Julia, Carl, Peter, Ida, Thea, Theodore, Melvin, Oliver and Ingvold, the last named being deceased. Carl A. Satra received his education in the public schools of North Dakota and was confirmed in the Lutheran church at the age of fifteen years. He remained at home until coming to Washington, and then spent three years in the mines in the Monte Cristo district of this state. He then returned to his father's ranch at Port Susan and in 1900 bought one hundred and twenty-two acres of land adjoining the home place. This land was in a badly neglected condition, but he at once applied himself to its improvement and has developed it into a splendid farm in every respect. He built a fine, modern house in 1913 and a commodious 538 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and substantial barn in 1923. His principal field crops arc oats and hay, and he runs a dairy, owning thirty good cows, some of which are pure bred. He uses milking machines in his dairy, and operates his land with a tractor in addition to horses. He also owns and operates the largest threshing machine in Snohomish county, and all of his machinery is modern and kept in good condition. His farm, under his skillful and well directed efforts, has been brought to a splendid condition of productivity and he has set a fine example in the way of advanced methods in every department of his farm operations. His success has justified his methods and he is now very comfortably situated, his beautiful home, splendid barns and well kept grounds making his one of the most attractive and valuable farms in this section of the state. In addition to his farming interests, Mr. Satra also engaged in the logging business for a number of years, cutting many thousands of shingle bolts for mills. On February 15, 1893, Mr. Satra was united in marriage to Miss Carolina Gedstad, who is a native of South Dakota and a daughter of Alex 0. Gedstad, who is referred to on another page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Satra have been born four children. Mrs. Inga Hess, born January 6, 1905, and now living in Everett, is the mother of a son, Daniel. Thelma E., born July 1, 1907, died January 21, 1918. Carl Norman, born April 24, 1910, is now a student in high school. Howard Clifton, born March 7, 1914, is also in school. Mr. Satra, though a very busy man, has not allowed his individual affairs to interfere with his interest in the welfare of the community and he rendered effective service for two terms as a member of the school board of the Florence district. He is an earnest advocate of good schools and improved roads and gives his support to any enterprise calculated to promote the general welfare. Because of his splendid character and his fine public spirit he stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellow citizens. VIGGO KRIEGER The record of Viggo Krieger is that of a man who has by his own unaided efforts worked his way from a modest beginning to a position of independence and influence in his community. His life has been one of unceasing industry and perseverance, and the honorable methods which he has followed have won him the unbounded confidence of his fellow citizens of Everett, whose best interests he has ever had at heart and has sought to promote in every possible way. Mr. Krieger is a native of Denmark, his birth occurring in 1888, and is a son of Adolph and Alexandria Krieger. The family came to the United States in 1893, locating in Everett, where the father engaged in the grocery business in the Clark block. Both parents are now deceased, the father dying in 1914 and the mother in 1917. Viggo Krieger was about five years of age when brought to this country, and he secured his education in the public schools of Everett. He then learned the trade of painting and paper hanging, which he followed until he was eighteen years of age, when he and his father bought the Everett Laundry Company. He applied himself. with every ounce of his energy to this proposition, with the result that success soon crowned his efforts, and a few years later he incorporated the business under the name of the Krieger Laundry Company. The volume of business steadily increased through the years, and in 1925 Mr. Krieger erected a new building, fifty by one hundred and twenty-five feet in size, at 2808 Hoyt avenue, the entire first floor of which is utilized for the laundry, while the second floor is an apartment. He employs twenty-two persons in the business and runs three delivery trucks. Mr. Krieger is a man of alert and up-to-date business methods. He has kept his plant equipped with the best of modern machinery and by his prompt service, painstaking care in handling the details of the business and his uniform courtesy and accommodation, has built up a splendid patronage and gained the confidence of the public to a remarkable degree. In 1908 Mr. Krieger was married to Miss Anna Dolwet, of Everett, and to them have been born two children, Walter and Albert, aged respectively sixteen and fourteen years. Mr. Krieger has had a very creditable military record, in which he takes justifiable pride. He first enlisted in the Washington National Guard, serving in the infantry for three years, and was discharged with the rank of corporal. He then enlisted and served three years in the Coast Artillery Reserve, from which he was discharged with the rank of sergeant, after which he was for one year in the Naval Militia. On the day after the United States entered the World war he enlisted and served twenty-two months, being assigned to the convoy service, where he served as ship's cook, second class. Thus he has given almost nine years to military service, and he faithfully performed every duty assigned him and proved his loyalty to his adopted country. Fraternally Mr. Krieger is a member of the American Legion, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Danish Brotherhood, while VIGGO KRIEGER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 541 he is also a member of the Everett Rotary Club and the Laundrymen's Association. He has always given his political support to the republican party and has consistently stood for all that is best in community life. A man of splendid personal qualities, he has attained an enviable standing here. R. B. HALL One of Everett's leading business men is R. B. Hall, the well known proprietor of the Holton Hotel, the splendid success of which is due to his excellent management and sound business methods. He is enterprising and progressive and posesses to a marked degree the essential qualifications of a successful hotel man, being not only genial and affable in his relations with the public, but he has the happy faculty of giving a home atmosphere to his place which has proven attractive to all who stop there and which has made it one of the most popular hotels in the city. Mr. Hall is a native of Princeton, Minnesota, his birth occurring on the 14th of June, 1883, and he is a son of F. H. and Emma (McClellan) Hall, both of whom are now deceased. The father was for many years a prominent and successful physician and a man of influence in his community. Our subject was given the advantage of a good public school education, after which he had two years in the law department of the University of Minnesota. However, not liking that line of study, he left college and went to work for a telephone company in his home state, being so employed until 1903, when he came to Everett, Washington, where he followed the same line of work until 1922, when he leased the Hotel Holton, which he is now operating. This splendid house contains fifty-one rooms, all of which are well furnished, and he has conducted the hotel in such a manner as to gain the favorable attention of the traveling public. Cleanliness, comfort and prompt and efficient service are characteristics of the place, and Mr. Hall has gained marked prestige as a successful host. In 1914 Mr. Hall was married to Mrs. Anna Smith, of Toppenish, Washington. In political affairs he gives his support to the republican party and he takes a good citizen's interest in everything in any way affecting the prosperity and advancement of his community. He is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Because of his success, high character and cordial manner, he enjoys a well deserved popularity throughout the range of his acquaintance. OLE 0. REINSETH Ole 0. Reinseth, whose fine farm is located on the highway near Island school, has achieved a distinctive success as a dairy farmer, and has also been prominent for a number of years as a road builder in this county. He was born in Norway on the 21st of February, 1864, and is a son of Ole J. and Breit Reinseth. The mother died in Norway in 1908, and two years later the father came to this country and thereafter made his home with his son, Ole 0., until his death, which occurred in May, 1916. In the family were eight children, namely : Ole 0. ; Mrs. Elizabeth Olsen, who lives in Iowa ; Peder, who died in August, 1920 ; Seneva, who died in Norway in June, 1900 ; Sivert, who is represented on another page of this work ; Mrs. Maret Alnes, who lives in Norway ; Jans, also a resident of Norway, and one who died in infancy. Ole 0. Reinseth attended the public schools of his native land and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when fifteen years old. After leaving school he was employed at farm work until he came to the United States in the fall of 1887. On his arrival here he went to work in logging camps, where he was employed for three or four years, and then took a contract for clearing the right of way for the Great Northern Railroad, which required his attention for about a year. Later he returned to the logging camps, where he worked several years, and in 1891 he bought twenty acres of timber and brush land near Norman, which he later sold. In 1894 he bought eighteen acres of land on the highway near the Island school and immediately entered upon the task of clearing the land of the heavy growth of spruce and cottonwood timber which covered it. He built a two-room house, made good progress in the improvement of the property and in the course of time was able to add nine acres to the first tract, all of this land being now cleared. In 1912 he bought seventy acres of land one and a half miles south of the home farm, of which he has cleared about twenty acres. He keeps twenty-one head of good dairy cows, of the Guernsey and Holstein breeds, and also owns a 542 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY pure bred bull. He has devoted himself closely to his farms, both of which have proven sound investments. In addition to his farm work, during the past twenty-five years, Mr. Reinseth has engaged in building gravel roads by contract for the county, and is still identified with that business, in which he has gained a splendid reputation as a reliable and trustworthy man. Among the improvements on his property is a splendid barn, built in 1898, and a large silo built in 1919, and he is now living in his third house on the place, his present home being a comfortable and attractive residence. His land is fertile and well cultivated, raising abundant crops of hay, oats and vetch, the two latter being utilized in the way of ensilage. On May 12, 1893, Mr. Reinseth was married to Miss Marae Bernson, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Bernt and Ani (Rosvol) Bernson, farming people and lifelong residents of Norway. They were the parents of eight children, Julius, Marae, Peter, Laurits, Geda, Ole, Anna and Olena. To Mr. and Mrs. Reinseth also have been born eight children, namely ; Mrs. Bertha Anderson, who is the mother of three children, Louis, and Violet and Vernon, twins ; Mrs. Anna Sesby, who has a son, Gerald ; Elizabeth, who died at the age of five months ; Obert, who remains at home ; Mrs. Sena Thompsen, who has two children, Chester and Marjory ; Rena, who is employed in a business office in Seattle; Arthur, who died when six months old ; and Melvin, who is a student in the Arlington high school. Mr. Reinseth is a member of Silvana Lodge, No. 34, Sons of Norway ; Everett Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Arlington Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. He also belongs to the Silvana Trading Union and the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has served six years as road supervisor and twelve years as road foreman under Comm. C. H. Quast. He served as road supervisor for Silvana district for two terms from 1896 to 1898, and ran for county commissioner on the republican ticket in 1920 but was defeated by Peter Henning. Everything pertaining in any way to the welfare and prosperity of his community has enlisted his deepest interest and he has cooperated with his fellow citizens in all enterprises for the improvement and upbuilding of the locality. A man of forceful personality, he enjoys a wide acquaintance and has a host of warm and loyal friends. THOMAS THOMPSON The history of Washington reveals the handiwork of many a great and noble soul who wrought heroically and unselfishly. Her smiling fields and splendid homes, her high grade institutions, her happy, prospering people speak volumes of someone's steadfastness of purpose, of someone's strength of arm, courage of heart, activity of brain—of someone's sacrifice. But beneath the blighting touch of time even memory fails and too often a life of splendid achievement is forgotten in a day. "Lest we forget," then, this tribute to the late Thomas Thompson is penned, for he was known as a man of strong character and marked ability, who, by reason of years of indefatigable labor and honest effort, not only acquired well merited material prosperity but also richly earned the highest esteem of all with whom he was associated, standing for years among the truly representative men of his community. Mr. Thompson was born in Norway on the 14th of July, 1833, and was a son of Toeger Thompson, long since deceased. He secured his education in the public schools of his native land and in young manhood went to sea, sailing to all parts of the world. Later he went to Australia, where he was engaged in gold mining for a number of years. In the early '70s he went to California, settling in Shasta county, where he established a large cattle ranch, which he operated until 1879 when he sold out and came to Stanwood, Snohomish county. Going to Utsaladdy, he worked in sawmills for a time but later was compelled to return to California in order to clear up his former business there. He remained about six months and on his return to Utsaladdy bought seventy acres of land, about two and a half miles west of Stanwood, which tract was a part of the old Livingston homestead. There was a small house on the place and about one acre of the land had been cleared, the remainder being densely covered with timber and brush, while thirty-five acres was tide land. In the course of time practically all of the land was cleared and cultivated, producing fine crops of hay and oats. On this place Mr. Thompson spent the remainder of his life, with the exception of two years in Seattle, and his death occurred here August 31, 1921. A man of untiring energy, sound judgment and persistency of purpose, he took a justifiable pride in the splendid farm which he created here. In 1890 he built a good house and in 1902 a commodious and substantial barn, also making many other improvements which contributed to the value and attractiveness of the place. He was a man of fine personal qualities, kindly and generous in his support of all worthy causes, public-spirited in his advocacy of all measures for the betterment of the community, and cordial and friendly in all his social relations, so throughout the range of his acquaintance he HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 543 was held in the highest confidence and respect, his death being regarded as a distinct loss to the community which had so long been honored by his citizenship. In 1880 Mr. Thompson was married to Miss Celia Thompson, a native of Norway and a daughter of Ben and Inger (Holmedahl) Thompson. The family came to the United States in 1854, settling first in Illinois, where they lived about two years, and then went to Story county, Iowa, where the father bought forty acres of land on which he built a log house. A short time later they went to Swede Point, where he was employed in a grist mill for a short time, later renting a farm, which he operated for four years. He then went back to Story county and bought eighty acres of land, which he developed into a good farm, and lived there during the remainder of his life, his death occurring in the early '90s. His wife passed away in the late '80s. They were the parents of eight children : Thomas, deceased ; Celia ; Knut ; Sarah, deceased ; Ben ; Thores, deceased ; Zachariah; and Carrie, deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Thompson were born three children: Inger Mary died in infancy ; Amos Warren, born October 2, 1882, graduated from Parkland and the University of Washington, after which he had two years in the Electrical College at Schenectady, New York, and now holds a responsible position with the Carolina Power & Light Company, at Raleigh, North Carolina. Levi Benjamin, born January 11, 1885, attended Parkland College, at Parkland, Washington, since which time he has been operating the home farm, living with his mother. He keeps ten good grade Holstein cows and a registered sire, and is a member o f the Dairymen's Associ-ciation. His principal field crops are hay and oats. He is a thoroughly practical man in all his operations, doing well whatever he undertakes, and is managing the place in a manner that has won for him the commendation of all who know him. He is popular in the circles in which he moves, because of a genial and affable manner. EDWIN LINCOLN DEERING The office of biography is not to give voice to a man's modest estimate of himself and his accomplishments, but rather to leave upon record the verdict establishing his character by the consensus of opinion on the part of his neighbors and fellow citizens. The life of Edwin Lincoln Deering, one of the enterprising and industrious citizens of Snohomish county, has been such as to elicit just praise from those who know him best, he having spent the major portion of his life here, and he is well entitled to representation in the permanent annals of his county. Mr. Deering was born in Orient, Aroostook county, Maine, in 1861, his parents also being natives of that state. He was reared at home and secured his educational training in the public schools. At the age of about sixteen years he started out to make his own way in the world, and in 1883 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, where he went to work in logging camps, being assigned to guiding the hooks. From that time to the present, a period of over forty years, Mr. Deering has been identified with the logging business in one capacity or another, and is considered an expert in his line. He has helped to log off enormous tracts of land throughout this section of the country and is now connected with the Siler Logging Company, one of the most prominent concerns in that line of business in this part of the state. On June 25, 1896, Mr. Deering was married to Miss Minnie M. Moore, who was born about six miles from Gray Point, Ireland. Her father, George T. Moore, who also was a native of that country, brought his family to the United States in 1873, locating first in Kansas, where his wife's family had settled. Later he went to Utah, where he engaged in farming until 1880, in which year he came to Snohomish county. On his arrival here, he took up a homestead on Woods creek, as well as several timber claims. He developed a good farm, on which he lived about fifteen years. and then moved to a small farm which he owned near Snohomish and to the cultivation of which he devoted himself during his remaining years Mrs. Deering spent her girlhood days in Snohomish and secured her education in the public schools of that city. To Mr. and Mrs. Deering have been born three children. Esther A., who is a graduate of the Snohomish high school and the Normal School at Bellingham, Washington, has taught in the public schools at Everett and is now attending the University of Washington. E. Lincoln, also a graduate of the Snohomish high school, was employed for three years in the Snohomish postoffice but during the past year he has served as fruit inspector east of the Cascades. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and during the World war was employed in the railroad mail service. Thomas R. is a graduate of the high school. Fraternally Mr Deering is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, while Mrs. Deering is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and the 544 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Women's Benefit Association. She is also a member of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Deering has always evinced a deep interest in public affairs and served as city marshal of Snohomish during the years 1913-14. Prior to that, in 1908, he had served as jailor under his brother, George Deering. He is a man of fine public spirit, giving his earnest support to all measures for the advancement of the best interests of the community, while he is friendly and affable in all his social relations. Because of his fine record and his upright character, he has long held an enviable place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. HERBERT A. GIBBON Herbert A. Gibbon, formerly a successful educator, is now devoting his attention to business affairs, and Everett numbers him among its leading citizens. A native of Canada, he was born in Elora, Ontario, in 1874, and is a son of William and Susan (Raynolds) Gibbon, who have passed away. He spent his boyhood on his father's farm and was educated in the schools of Ontario. He came to Everett in 1896 and afterward was a teacher in the schools of Arlington, Ellensburg, Yakima, Kent and South Bend, Washington. He was a resident of Seattle from 1906 until 1912, filling the position of deputy county assessor, and from 1909 until 1911 inclusive was a law student at the University of Washington but has never practiced. In 1912 Mr. Gibbon resumed his educational activities and taught for five years at Sultan, Washington. From 1917 until 1921 he was engaged in work for the Young Men's Christian Association and also served on the war board, spending two years in Siberia. On the completion of his work he returned to Everett and aided in organizing the Western Loan & Service Corporation. He is treasurer of the firm, which loans money on collateral security, and ably manages the business, which he has placed on a prosperous basis. In 1902 Mr. Gibbon married Miss Edna R. Scott, of Seattle, Washington, and they have become the parents of two children : Waldyn, a student at the State University; and Elwyn, who is attending high school. Mr. Gibbon is a Knight Templar Mason and has crossed the hot sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He was the first president of the Officers Reserve Corps, in which he is now a chaplain, and also holds the commission of captain, awarded on the recommendation of General Graves. Mr. Gibbon is a loyal, patriotic citizen and a man of marked strength of character, esteemed and respected by all with whom he has been brought in contact in the varied relations of life. ISAAC A. RYGG Isaac A. Rygg, one of the industrial leaders of East Stanwood, is at the head of a large dairy business and is also a successful meat dealer. He was born March 19, 1885, and is a son of John and Anna (Hauge) Rygg, the former of whom engaged in farming for many years in the vicinity of Silvana, Washington. Isaac A. Rygg is a native of North Dakota but was educated in the 'public schools of Iowa. He aided his father in the cultivation of the soil and when a young man of twenty started out in life for himself. He arrived in Snohomish county, Washington, February 7, 1908, and in May of that year came to Stanwood. He worked in the Ketchum grocery store for a few months and then entered the service of the People's Union. He was employed in their general store at Stanwood until 1910, when he was sent to the branch at Silvana, where he spent five years. In 1915 he opened the Valley Market in association with his brother, Joseph Rygg, and two years later sold the business, purchasing the Daisy Market at Stanwood. This he conducted until 1919 and afterward became proprietor of the Home Meat Market at East Stanwood, of which he is still the owner. On January 1, 1921, he bought land in East Stanwood and on this property built a creamery, which was opened in April of that year. On January 11, 1921, the business was incorporated under the style of the Rygg Brothers Creamery, of which the subject of this sketch is the president, and Oscar Rygg acts as secretary and treasurer. The plant is modern, well equipped and thoroughly sanitary. It has a daily capacity of two hundred gallons of ice cream and the firm also makes a large quantity of butter, selling only in wholesale lots. The products of the creamery are unexcelled in purity and excellence and find a ready market. The firm manufactures the "Creamrose" brand of butter, which in 1922 was awarded first prize at the state fair, held in Yakima, Washington, and its members are progressive business men of the highest integrity. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 545 On June 15, 1916, Isaac A. Rygg married Miss Clara Knudson, a native of Albion, Nebraska, and a daughter of Mons and Ragnild Knudson. Her mother died in Nebraska and in 1900 the father migrated to Washington. He followed the carpenter's trade and also engaged in bookkeeping at Parkland, Washington, and is now a resident of Florence, this state. Mr. and Mrs. Rygg have two sons, Adolph and Morris. Mr. Rygg is an influential member of the Commercial Club and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He served for one term on the school board and for two terms on the town council of East Stanwood. His wife was an instructor in the Florence school in 1906 and afterward taught at various points on the coast. Mr. Rygg is the owner of a fine ranch of seventy acres, situated in the vicinity of East Stanwood, and resides on his farm, which is supplied with many modern improvements. He is a man of determined purpose and marked executive ability, guided at all times by an accurate sense of business exigency, and carries forward to completion whatever he undertakes, employing methods which neither seek nor require disguise. His brother, Oscar Rygg, was born March 29, 1892, and is a native of northern Iowa. He attended the public schools of the Hawkeye state and for two years was a student at the Pacific Lutheran Academy of Tacoma, Washington. He worked for some time on the home farm and then entered the employ of the subject of this sketch, becoming meat cutter at the Daisy Market. He enlisted in 1918 and went to France with the American Expeditionary Force. He was with the Seventy-seventh Division in the historic battle of the Argonne and spent forty-three days at the front, never faltering in the performance of duty. After his honorable discharge he joined his brother in business and his well directed labors have been an essential feature in the development of the large dairy industry which they control. On January 12, 1926, Mr. Rygg was united in marriage to Miss Arnolda Hytmo, of Conway, Washington. She was formerly engaged in educational work and taught for three years at East Stanwood. GEORGE P. STUART In horticultural circles George P. Stuart enjoys an enviable reputation, being one of the largest and most successful berry growers in the state of Washington. He is clearly entitled to specific mention among the representative men of Snohomish county. Born in Albany, Oregon, in 1891, he is a son of Charles J. and Ella (Randall) Stuart, the former a native of Iowa and the latter of Maine. His father was an employe of the Northern Pacific Railroad when the line was extended to the coast in the early '80s and remained with that company until 1902. In the early '90s he was transferred by the company to Puyallup, Washington, where he remained until resigning his position. In 1901 or 1902 he bought the present homestead, which was logged-off land and partially cleared. It is all now cleared and in cultivation. Mr. Stuart started the first commercial berry farm in Snohomish county and so successful were his initial efforts that in 1906 he incorporated the Great Northern Fruit Company. The acreage of growing fruit was gradually increased, the fruit being chiefly shipped to Montana and North and South Dakota. Mr. Stuart devoted himself closely to the business, which he placed on a sound basis, and his death, which occurred in 1915, was regarded as a distinct loss to the community. His widow is now living in Los Angeles, California. George P. Stuart attended the public schools of Tacoma and then took the full course in the medical department of the University of Washington, after which he pursued a postgraduate course at the University of Pennsylvania but never took the examinations for a degree. On his father's death he came home and has remained here continuously since. In 1916 he bought out the other stockholders in the Great Northern Fruit Company, and dissolved the corporation, though he still uses the old name. He has about fifty-five acres of small fruits, his chief products being blackberries, raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries and currants, as well as several varieties of cherries. Mr. Stuart employs a large number of people in the busy season, averaging about seventy and has had as many as one hundred and sixty at the height of the best season. He exercises the greatest care in picking and packing his fruit, so that it may reach the buyer in the best possible condition. He acts independent of any association and has been very successful in the marketing of all that he raises. He has also been running a fertilization plot for the State Agricultural College for several years, experimenting with different fertilizers and comparing their effect on plant growth and the fruit produced. In 1918 Mr. Stuart was united in marriage to Miss Genevieve McGill, who is a native of Illinois, and a daughter of Thurston McGill. To them has been born a daughter, Sue, now 546 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY five years of age. Mr. Stuart is a member and past president of the Monroe Commercial Club and in 1924 was president of the Western Washington Horticultural Association. He also belongs to Monroe Lodge No. 160, A. F. & A. M. and to Monroe Grange. He has been deeply interested in everything pertaining to the welfare of his community and has served as a member of the school board. In 1926 the Washington State College of Pullman at their graduation exercises granted him a certificate of merit for his contributions to the horticultural field in the state of Washington. A man of sound business ability, well defined opinions and progressive methods, he has attained a place in the front rank of the men who are conserving and promoting the agricultural interests of Snohomish county. Genial and kindly in all his relations with his fellowmen, he is deservedly popular among his associates and highly esteemed by all. LORENZ LORENZEN Though not long a resident of the United States, Lorenz Lorenzen has demonstrated in no uncertain way his loyalty to our institutions and his adaptability to our customs and habits, and by reason of a friendly and cordial manner has won a host of warm friends. Born in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, on the 9th of December, 1902, he is a son of Lorenz H. and Marie Sopie (Andreasen) Lorenzen, both of whom are still living in Germany, where the father follows farming. They are the parents of four children, namely : Herman, who lives in Denmark ; Carl, who lives in Canada ; Lorenz ; and Ferdinand, who remains with his parents in Germany. Lorenz Lorenzen received his education in the public schools of his native land and remained at home until 1923, when he came to the United States, proceeding to Silvana, making his home with his uncle, Lorenz Lorenzen, who, however, died December 12th of that year, the nephew inheriting the forty acre ranch on which he had lived. Mr. Lorenzen has carried on the operation of the farm with success, being thoroughly practical in his methods and industrious and persistent in his labors. He keeps fifteen good grade Holstein cows, a few of which are pure bred, and also has a pure bred sire. He raises good crops of hay and oats and gives careful and painstaking attention to every detail of the farm work. Mr. Lorenzen was married to Miss Emma K. Dietz, who was born in Germany, June 14, 1900, a daughter of Johannes and Kathrina (Graf) Dietz, who are still living in Germany, where the father is foreman in a factory at Durlach. They are the parents of ten children : Elizabeth, Max, Marie, Hermine, George, Fritz, Otto, Helen, Emma K. and Hans. Five of these children are now in the United States, Mrs. Lorenzen having come here in 1921, direct to Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Lorenzen are the parents of two children, C. Waldemar and Lorine Harriet. Mr. Lorenzen is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Sons of Herman at Everett. GEORGE W. PRESTON Among the very earl:est families to settle in the western part of Snohomish county was that of Preston, represented by the father of the subject of this sketch, who came here nearly seventy years ago and made a permanent settlement, and the record of such a family is an important part of local history. To these old pioneers, who blazed the path of civilization through the wilderness, the present generation owes a debt of gratitude it can never repay, for they did their work well and then, having finished their labors, they passed from the scene, leaving the country to the possession of their descendants and to others who came at a later period and builded on the foundation which they laid so broad and deep. Among the present representatives of this old family is George W. Preston, who has had an active and successful career and now stands among the representative men of his community. Mr. Preston was born at Blackman's Point, Snohomish county, on the 11th of December, 1864, and is a son of Perrin E. and Peggy Preston, the former of whom was born at Dennisville, Maine, and the latter a native of the Puget sound country. The father came west in 1856 and went to the Caribou mines in British Columbia, during the gold rush of that year. Later he came to Snohomish county, where he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, preempted a tract of the same size and also secured a timber claim of one hundred and sixty acres. A part of his land was where the city of Everett is HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 547 now located, it being then known as Blackman's Point. He cleared most of the timber from the land and put about fifteen acres under cultivation. He continued to live thereon during the greater part of his life, but in later years moved to Warm Beach, where his death occurred about 1880. He was survived many years by his widow, whose death occurred March 6, 1922. They were the parents of four children, namely : George, the subject of this sketch ; Martha, deceased ; Mrs. Leah Phillips and I. J. George W. Preston had but little opportunity in his youth to secure an education, but through the years he has been a close observer of men and events and a keen thinker and has acquired a vast fund of accurate information on a wide range of subjects. He started to work in early boyhood and at the age of eighteen years went to the logging camp of Silas Hodge, near Warm Beach. From that time to the present, a period of nearly forty-five years, he has followed the logging business the greater part of the time, and is regarded as an expert in that line. In 1897 he bought ten acres of land near Warm Beach, a part of the old Harter homestead, which had been taken up about 1880. In 1899 he bought five acres adjoining and proceeded to clear off the dense timber and brush which encumbered it. He built a nice house and now has his cleared land mostly in berries, which have proven a profitable source of income. In 1895 Mr. Preston was married to Miss Nettie Anderson, who was born on Whidbey island and is a daughter of David W. and Lance Anderson, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Skagit county, Washington. To their union have been born four children: Frank, deceased ; Mrs. Elizabeth Gallagher ; John, deceased ; and Nettie. To Mr. and Mrs. Preston was born a daughter, Mrs. Lucile Woodworth, who is the mother of two children, Merrill Alice, born December 10, 1921, and Roberta May, born January 4, 1923. Mr. Preston is a man of broad views and is in active sympathy with all measures for the betterment of the community. He has lived an upright life, has been true and loyal in everything with which he has been identified, and he now holds an enviable place in the confidence of all who know him. FRED J. MURRAY Fred J. Murray, who is recognized as one of the best sign makers of Everett and this section of the state, is a native of Fargo, North Dakota, born in 1890, and is a son of James F. and Margaret A. (Gilmore) Murray. The family went to Seattle, Washington, in 1909 and came to Everett in 1910. Here the father first engaged in the horse business but later ran a bakery shop. He is now engaged in the chicken business near Tacoma. Fred J. Murray secured his elementary education in the public schools of his native state and then attended the State Agricultural College at Fargo. In 1910 he came to Everett with his father and during the following two Years w• as employed at various vocations. In 1912 he established a sign-painting business, in which he has met with gratifying success, being now in command of the major portion of the local patronage in his line. He is located at 2819 Wetmore avenue, under the name of the Everett Sign Company, where he is equipped for doing all kinds of sign work on short notice. He possesses artistic taste and technical skill and his work compares very favorably with that seen anywhere. In 1924 he admitted E. C. Ritchie to a partnership in the business and the combination is a strong one. In 1923 Mr. Murray was married to Miss Lillian V. Lavack, of Vancouver, British Columbia, and they are the parents of two children, Robert and Fred. Mr. Murray has always been a strong supporter of the republican party and is well informed on public questions, in which he takes a deep interest. Fraternally he is a member of Everett Lodge No. 479, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Painters' Union No. 339. He is a man of strong personality and cordial manner, because of which he has the respect and good will of all with whom he is acquainted. ISRAEL DAY OSBORN Reared on a farm, Israel Day Osborn followed agricultural pursuits during the greater part of his life and as one of the pioneer ranchers of Snohomish county was widely known and highly esteemed. He was born in 1853 near Summit, New Jersey, and his parents, Elias and Eliza (Pearson) Osborn, were also natives of that state. The father followed the trade of wagon making and was also a tiller of the soil. 548 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY I. D. Osborn attended the public schools of New Jersey and Indiana and completed his studies in the normal school at Valparaiso in the Hoosier state. He aided his father in the work of plowing, planting and harvesting and also assisted him in the shop. He remained on the homestead in Indiana until 1884 and then went to Kansas, farming near Kingman for seven years. He came to Snohomish county, Washington, in 1890 and for about a year spent his time in the forest near Red Crossing, cutting cordwood for the first electric light company established in that section of the state. In 1891 Mr. Osborn located in Snohomish county and bought a tract of one hundred and sixty acres, on which he made his home. There were no roads at the time of his arrival here and in every direction were dense woods, penetrated by narrow trails. He built a shack and in order to clear the land was forced to destroy a considerable quantity of timber but sold a portion of the wood to a bolt manufacturing firm in Snohomish, also getting out stove wood. He augmented his income by working in a paper mill for five years, never depending upon farming alone for a livelihood during the early days, and all of the farm is now logged off. About fifteen acres is under the plow and the fertile land yields good harvests. He followed progressive methods and had an expert knowledge of the details of agriculture. In 1884 Mr. Osborn married Miss Adeline Dunkelberger, who was born in Indiana. Her parents were Joel and Harriet A. (Slight) Dunkelberger, the former also a Hoosier, and the latter a native of Ohio. The father enlisted in the Union army and died while in the service. To Mr. and Mrs. Osborn were born six children. Edmund D., the oldest, is living in Robe, Washington, and has a wife and four children. Grace May is the wife of A. Larson, of Startup, and the mother of three children. Rose Belle was married to G. J. Lancaster, has one son and resides in Beverly Park. Russell George, of Fall City, is married and has one child. Ada Viola is the wife of Herbert Lundin, of Beverly Park, and the mother of a son and a daughter. Harriet M. is now Mrs. Delbert Abbott, of Fall City, and has a son, Robert. Mr. Osborn never centered his attention upon his own interests and in pioneer days worked on the donation road, also acting as road boss. He conscientiously performed the duties and obligations of citizenship and was ever ready to serve his district when needed. Earnest, determined and industrious, he pressed steadily onward, regarding each obstacle in his path as a spur to renewed effort: He had accumulated sufficient for his needs, and had reached the ripe age of seventy-three years when he passed away, March 1, 1926, after an illness of three weeks, being laid to rest in the Marshland cemetery, his death being the occasion of widespread regret to his many friends as well as to his immediate family. FRANK A. TURNER Frank A. Turner, formerly numbered among the leading educators of Everett, is now acting as county clerk, an office for which he is well qualified by experience and ability. He was born March 5, 1872, in Hiram, Ohio, and his parents, Albert A. and Alice Josephine (Robinson) Turner, have passed away. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm and after the completion of his high school course he enrolled as a student in Hiram College, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy in 1897. He taught school in Ohio until 1900, when he came to Everett, and for six years was 'principal of the Jefferson grammar school. He was recognized as an able instructor and for two years had charge of the department of science in the high school. On April 1, 1908, he was made recording clerk in the office of the county clerk and soon afterward was promoted, becoming department clerk. He acted in that capacity until July 6, 1918, when he entered the service of the Young Men's Christian Association and was sent to France. He was hut secretary in the training area at Clermont-Ferrand until December 25, 1918, and was then made treasurer of the Richmond Hotel in Paris, headquarters for the officers of the association. In April, 1919, the hotel was closed and Mr. Turner was transferred to the sight-seeing department of the association in Paris. He returned to the United States in the fall of 1919, resuming the functions of chief deputy clerk, and in January, 1923, took office as county clerk. He has carefully systematized the work of his department, which he maintains at a high standard of efficiency, and is regarded as one of the most capable men who have filled the office. On December 29, 1898, Mr. Turner married Miss Christine Hudson, of Paw Paw, Michigan, and to this union has been born a son, Gilbert Harold, a resident of Everett. He is married and has one child. The daughter, Alice C. is the wife of Alva J. McClinton and also makes her home in this city. Mr. Turner votes the republican ticket and is an Episcopalian in religious faith. He has HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 549 been senior warden of Trinity church of Everett for ten years and for eight years was superintendent of the Sunday school. He is a prominent Mason, being past master of Peninsular Lodge, No. 95, F. & A. M., and is serving as secretary of the Scottish Rite consistory. He endeavors to fulfill in his life the beneficent teachings of the order and his record as a public official and private citizen is an unblemished one. A. A. PETERSON The history of the representative men of a community brings to light many hidden treasures of mind, character and courage, well calculated to arouse the pride of the community, and it is a source of regret that the people are not more familiar with the personal biographies of such men, in the ranks of whom will be found followers of all vocations. A. A. Peterson is a creditable representative of the commercial interests of Everett and has achieved a record here of which he may justifiably be proud, earning a well merited reputation as an enterprising and progressive business man and public-spirited citizen. He was born at Porter, Porter county, Indiana, on the 10th of October, 1887, and is a son of Theander and Katherine Peterson, farming folk, the former of whom died in 1924. A. A. Peterson secured his education in the public schools and then learned the barber trade, at which he worked about a year. At the age of eighteen lie took a course of study in electrical engineering and then engaged in that line of work. In 1905 he arrived in Seattle, Washington, and entered the employ of the Seattle Electric Company, with which he remained until 1910, when he engaged in business on his own account in that city, so continuing for five years, and then went to Aberdeen, Washington, where also he was in business for seven years. In the fall of 1918 Mr. Peterson came to Everett and established the Electric Supply House, in which he met with success. In 1920 he sold that business and returned to Seattle, where he remained until 1924 when he again came to Everett and bought the business which he is now conducting. It was established by Samuel Walgren in 1910, later becoming the Electric Construction & Sales Company. When Mr. Peterson bought the business April 10, 1924, he incorporated it under the present title, the Electric. Sales Company, of which he is president and Lessie Peterson is secretary and treasurer. They carry a large and complete line of all kinds of electrical supplies and do general electric contracting. They have been very successful and have enjoyed a large and steadily increasing business throughout this city and vicinity. Mr. Peterson gives close attention to every detail of the work and through his painstaking efforts the company has gained a high reputation as a reliable and trustworthy firm. On March 12, 1912, Mr. Peterson was married to Miss Lessie Lewis, of Hoquiam, Washington, and they are the parents of four children : Katherine, Winfield, Jack and Frederick. Mr. Peterson is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose and of the Everett Kiwanis Club and politically has always given support to the republican party. He takes a commendable interest in public affairs and is now a member of the Chamber of Commerce. His life in every relation measures up to high standards and his business career, crowned with merited success, indicates what may be accomplished by individual effort, intelligently directed. CHARLES H. ELWELL After a long and interesting career as a timber man and river man, Captain C. H. Elwell is now devoting his attention to dairy farming and is meeting with well merited prosperity. Because of his industry, his excellent personal character and his fine public spirit, he is held in high esteem by his fellow citizens. Captain Elwell is a native of Washington, having been born at High Bridge, also called Sprellplace, in 1865. His father, John Elwell, a native of Maine, was the son of John Elwell, Sr., who came out to this country in 1860, and spent a summer here working in the woods. He then returned east and his sons, John and Simon, came here in 1861, being engaged in logging around Gamble and the Reservation. The grandfather again came here in 1875. John Elwell, Jr., continued to log through this section and homesteaded a tract of land near Sultan, though he had previously preempted a tract of land near Duvall, which his father bought from him. Both tracts were on the river, and as there were no roads or trails the river was their only means of communication with the outside world and of bringing in supplies. During the '70s the father bought a team of oxen at Seattle, which he brought to his land by driving them up the beach to Mukilteo, thence 550 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY over the hills to Lowell, and then along the high land to his place. These were among the very first oxen brought into Snohomish county. Mr. Elwell did a good deal of clearing on the preemption claim and raised fine crops of hay. About 1873 he and his brother Simon entered into partnership with Mr. Pingree in the logging business at Novelty and carried that on for some time. John Elwell, Sr., died in 1890 and John, Jr., in 1895. The latter was married, in 1864, to Susan, a member of the Snohomish tribe of Indians, and to them were born five children, namely : C. H.; Simon B., who lives on the Reservation; Forester, who lives at Mount Vernon ; Nellie, who was the wife of Albert Elbert and died in 1895 ; and Mary, who is fhe wife of Thomas Elliott, of Sumas, British Columbia. C. H. Elwell worked in the woods from the age of twelve years until he was about thirty years old, cutting timber during all of that time. In the meantime he also engaged in canoeing on the river, he and his brother Simon being considered the most expert canoeists in this section of the country. They owned a dug-out canoe, forty-four feet long, which would carry four thousand seven hundred pounds of freight and required three canoemen. With this they transported supplies to camps along the river. In 1893 he turned his attention to steam-boating, being first employed as a deck hand for three years, while later he became a pilot and eventually master in which capacity lie spent eighteen years on the sound and on the Skagit and Snohomish rivers, plying from Tacoma to Bellingham. He also took up a preemption below Sultan, which he proved up and then sold, after clearing a few acres. In 1897 he bought his present place and is now engaged in dairy farming, keeping seven good cows, and is succeeding well in this line of work. He has also at intervals run a donkey engine and worked in the woods. His farm, which is a part of the old Park homestead, is nicely improved and the Captain has made of it a very comfortable home. In 1904 Captain Elwell was married to Mrs. Laura Stillman, who was born in Minnesota, the daughter of A. H. and Jenny (Tallman) Graves, the former of whom was a native of Wisconsin and the latter of Minnesota. Her family went to California in 1878, spent most of their subsequent time there, and the mother is now living in the Soldiers' Home at Retsil, Washington. To Captain and Mrs. Elwell have been born two children, Evaline May and Irene. Captain Elwell is a man of sturdy makeup, has always been a hard worker, and has done his full share in developing this section of the west. He has been true and loyal in every relation of life and has earned the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. HON. ROLAND HILL HARTLEY Those forces which have contributed most to Washington's development and progress have received marked impetus from the enterprising spirit and constructive efforts of the Honorable Roland Hill Hartley, governor of the state, long recognized as one of the foremost lumbermen of the Pacific northwest. At the very outset of his career he exhibited that inherent force of character of conscientious devotion to duty which has ever since been his predominant trait, and in every sphere of life in which he has engaged an indelible impress has been left through his unusual ability and tireless energy, which has never fallen short of the attainment of its purpose. A native of Canada, Mr. Hartley was born June 26, 1864, in Shogomoc, York county, New Brunswick, and represents an old family of Pennsylvania. His father, Edward Williams Hartley, a cousin of Marcellus Hartley, of Philadelphia, was born on a farm at Shogomoc in 1820. His life was devoted to agricultural pursuits and to the work of the ministry. His wife, Rebecca Barker (Whitehead) Hartley, was also a native of York county, New Brunswick, and a distant cousin of Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. In their family were twelve children, nine sons and three daughters. The father died in 1879 and at an early age Roland began to provide for his own livelihood. At the age of thirteen he was "cookee" in a lumber camp in northern Minnesota, where for five years he worked as a logger in the winter, joining the river drive in the spring. When the log drive reached the boom at M inneapolis, he, with the other men, shipped to the Red River valley and was among the first to break the sod in Dakota Territory. In 1879 he drove eight oxen on a John Deere gang plow near Fargo. He helped break the virgin sod where the city of Hope, North Dakota, is now located. For five years he worked in the pineries and on the rivers of northern Minnesota in the winters and springs, and on the Dakota farms in the summers. His education was acquired in the public schools of Brainerd, Minnesota, finishing at the Minneapolis Academy. He was a hotel clerk for a time and in 1884 became private secretary to the mayor of Brainerd. When about twenty-one years of age, Mr. Hartley accepted a position as bookkeeper with Clough Brothers, a large lumber firm of Minnesota, HON. ROLAND H. HARTLEY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 553 and in 1897 he was appointed secretary to D. M. Clough, governor of the state, acting in that capacity for two years. Mr. Hartley entered industrial circles of Minneapolis and there engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes for four years. In 1899 he bought the townsite of Cass Lake in northern Minnesota, and directed the affairs of that company for three years as vice president and manager. In 1902 he came to Washington, locating in Snohomish county, forming the Hartley & Lovejoy Logging Company. Later he became financially interested in the Clark-Nickerson Lumber Company, the Everett City Tug Boat Company and the Everett Logging Company. He was elected president of the latter corporation and also became the executive head of the Irving-Hartley Logging Company and a stockholder in the Clough-Hartley Company. In 1924 he succeeded to the presidency of the Clough-Hartley Company, and is now directing its activities. The plant has a capacity of nine hundred thousand shingles in eight hour shifts and one hundred thousand feet of cedar siding, utilizing two hundred men per shift. The mill is supplied with the most modern machinery for facilitating the work and covers sixty acres on the bay front and Eighteenth street. The logs are purchased in the open market ; the output is sold through jobbers. The finished product of the firm is of superior quality and the business has assumed extensive proportions, shipments being made to all points in the United States. Governor Hartley has personally cruised many of the largest stands of timber in Washington and is familiar with every detail of the lumber industry, from the operations in the logging camps to the distribution of the finished product to all centers of trade. In the logging end of the game he can fill any job but that of high rigger, which he never tried. For eight years Governor Hartley was a member of the staff of the commander-in-chief of the military forces of Minnesota, holding the rank of colonel and serving as aide-de-camp under three governors. At the outbreak of the Spanish-American war, as the representative of the state, he accompanied the Minnesota troops in the field. He was later placed in charge of the sick and wounded and displayed marked executive ability in transporting the soldiers from the field hospitals to city hospitals. In 1898, in command of two batteries of artillery, he was sent to defend northern Minnesota during the Indian uprising, in which the Third United States Infantry had been badly defeated at Sugar Point on Leech lake. During the World war he enlisted as a private in the Third Infantry, Washington National Guard, which was federalized in 1918. In October, 1918, he passed the examination for the forestry branch of the Twentieth Engineers, was commissioned captain, and had just received orders for immediate transfer to France when peace was declared. He is now captain, Three Hundred and Twenty-first Engineers, in the United States Army Reserves. The colonel is an honorary member of John Wanabo Camp of Spanish War Veterans at Everett. He has been a republican since age conf erred upon him the right of franchise and takes a keen interest in politics. He was elected mayor of Everett in 1909 and for two years was the incumbent of that office. In 1915 he was chosen to represent the forty-eighth district in the house of representatives of the Washington state legislature, and during his tenure of office he valiantly defended the rights of the people, closely studying every measure presented. He was twice defeated for the republican nomination for the governorship, in 1916 and 1920 respectively, but in 1924 he was elected by the largest vote ever given a governor in the state's history. He was indorsed by the leading papers of the state and one of the Seattle journals paid him the following tribute : "Everything Colonel Hartley says at any time is interesting. He is an interesting personality. He always speaks his mind freely and without evasion ; his convictions are strong and enduring and he is ever ready to stand by them. Few men in public life in this state are less secretive, less influenced by the subtle conventions of politics. He knows what he thinks and he doesn't hesitate to express himself in plain language." The Pacific Baptist said : "Three qualities predominate in the character of Colonel Hartley : conviction, courage and capability. In his official and social relations he stands for high ideals and good citizenship. He never asks, 'Is it popular?' but, 'Is it right and best for the public welfare?' This little trait tells the entire story." With a broad grasp of the problems of statecraft, Governor Hartley has adopted a program of economy that is proving of great benefit to Washington. He is serving the state with clean hands and his course has received high commendation. Governor Hartley is a member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce, Cascade Club and Everett Golf and Country Club ; also a member of the Rainier Club of Seattle and the Mountain View Country Club of Olympia. Fraternally, he is an Eagle, an Elk, a Hoo Hoo, a Woodman of the World and a Mason. In the Masonic institution he has filled many exalted positions and exemplifies in his life the beneficent teachings of the craft. He served as master, Cataract Lodge No. 2, A. F. & A. M., Minnesota, 1898 ; master, Cass Lodge U. D., A. F. 554 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY & A. M., Minnesota, 1901 ; high priest, St. Anthony Falls, R. A. C. No. 3, Minnesota, 1897 ; member, Order High Priesthood, Minnesota, 1898 ; member, Adoniram Council No. 5, R. & S. M., Minnesota, 1886 ; commander, Darius Commandery No. 7, K. T., Minnesota, 1892; Master of Kadosh, Minneapolis Consistory No. 2, A. & A. S. R., So. Juris., 1897, and coronated thirty-third and last degree of Scottish Masonry, So. Juris., October, 1897, at Washington, D. C. ; member, Royal Order of Scotland, of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1893 ; potentate, Zuhrah Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S., Minnesota, 1895 ; district deputy grand master, Minnesota, A. F. & A. M., 1898 ; grand commander, Minnesota, K. T., 1902-3 ; member, Red Cross of Constantine, St. Albans Conclave No. 18, 1920, and member, Royal Order of Jesters, Seattle Court No. 52, 1921. His activities have been far-reaching and important and most beneficial in their results. Like the Chevalier Bayard, he is a man without fear and without reproach and his achievements are excelled only by his endowments. On August 22, 1888, Governor Hartley was married in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to Miss Nina Clough, a daughter of former Governor David Marston Clough, one of Minnesota's distinguished men and later a resident of Everett, Washington. Mrs. Hartley's mother was second cousin to Clara Barton of Red Cross fame. To Governor and Mrs. Hartley were born three children, Edward Williams, David Marston and Mary. At the outbreak of the World war the boys were attending Yale University. Edward Williams graduated; David Marston, the younger son, did not finish, war intervening. Mary is attending Dana Hall School at Wellesley, Massachusetts. Following their father's profession, the sons are lumbermen and are managing the affairs of the Clough-Hartley Company. They are also stockholders and directors in the Irving-Hartley Company. Edward Williams married Miss Mary Bell, daughter of Judge W. P. Bell of Everett, and they now have three children : Marcia Jane, Judith and Jeanne. David Marston married Miss Gretchen Smith, daughter of Irving M. Smith of Everett, and they have three children: Gretchen, David M. and Sue. HAROLD T. ALLISON, M. D. Dr. Harold T. Allison, actively engaged in the general practice of medicine at Granite Falls, is numbered among the able and successful representatives of the profession in Snohomish county. His birth occurred at Brookings, South Dakota, on the 8th of April, 1886, his parents being William and Emma (Culbertson) Allison, the former a native of Canada, while the latter was born in Ohio. William Allison and his wife took up their abode among the pioneer settlers of South Dakota, in which state the former devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits throughout the remainder of his life. Mrs. Emma (Culbertson) Allison is now a resident of Seattle, Washington. Harold T. Allison began his education as a public school pupil and subsequently matriculated in the South Dakota State College from which institution he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. He next entered the Northwestern University Medical School of Chicago, Illinois, and following his graduation therefrom in 1911 he spent a period of eighteen months as interne in the Alexian Brothers Hospital of Chicago. Thereafter he located for practice at Heppner, Oregon, where he remained for six years. In 1917 he enlisted in the medical corps of the United States army, with which he served until the cessation of the World war. Dr. Allison then opened an office at Morton, Washington, where he continued in the practice of medicine until 1922, since which time he has followed his profession at Granite Falls. An extensive practice has been accorded him as he has demonstrated his ability in coping with the complex problems which continually confront the physician in his efforts to restore health and prolong life. He is a member of the staff of the Everett General Hospital, belongs to the Snohomish County Medical Society and the Washington State Medical Society and is a fellow of the American Medical Association. In 1913 Dr. Allison was united in marriage to Olive Lockwood, a native of Missouri. She is a trained nurse by profession, being a graduate of the nurses' school connected with the Graham Hospital of Keokuk, Iowa, and was living in Portland, Oregon, at the time of her marriage. In the exercise of his right of franchise Dr. Allison supports the men and measures of the republican party. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons, belonging to Heppner Lodge No. 69, A. F. & A. M., of Heppner, Oregon, of which he is a past master ; and Morton Chapter No. 164, Order of the Eastern Star. He is also a past exalted ruler of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 555 Heppner Lodge No. 358, B. P. 0. E., and physician for Snohomish Aerie No. 195 of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. The Doctor likewise belongs to the Greek letter society known as Nu Sigma Nu. He is widely known and enjoys high standing in both social and professional circles of the community in which he lives and labors. MRS. SARAH (QUIMBY) SMITH Mrs. Sarah (Quimby) Smith, the widow of Fred Smith, is one of Snohomish county's native daughters who has witnessed its growth and development from pioneer times to the present. She is now living in Everett. Her birth occurred on the Quimby homestead just down the slough, her parents being Benjamin F. and Mary Quimby, the former a native of Augusta, Maine, while the latter was born in the Chinacum valley of Washington in 1853. Their marriage was celebrated in the year 1872. Benjamin F. Quimby left the parental roof when a lad of fourteen and followed the sea for a number of years, while eventually he cast in his lot with the early settlers of Snohomish county, Washington. He first logged on the Parker place and subsequently took up a homestead on the slough which is now the property of Mrs. Baker. Mr. Quimby first did his trading via canoe at Mukilteo and later at Lowell, there being no roads to facilitate travel. He made shingles with a draw knife. Before he passed away, in the year 1890, Mr. Quimby had succeeded in clearing half of the homestead place. In the early days his wife went to market to trade butter and eggs for groceries and clothing. Mrs. Quimby departed this life in the year 1895. Her daughter, Sarah Quimby, received her education at Riverview and at Snohomish. It was no unusual thing for her to see a bear on her way to school, and the region was also the habitat of the deer, pheasant, hen grouse and cougar. She was married at Everett, in September, 1900, to Fred Smith, who died in October, 1912, when forty-four years of age. Mr. Smith, whose fine farm lay two miles east of Lowell, was one of the self-made native sons of the Puget sound country. Starting with nothing, he became the owner of an excellent piece of land, which he converted into a modern dairy farm. Mr. Smith was born at Port Discovery, Jefferson county, Washington, in 1868. His mother died when he was very young. The lad obtained his education in the schools of this state. When sixteen years of age he came to Snohomish county with a family named Roberts, with whom he made his home until twenty years old, when he started to fight life's battle on his own account. These early days were full of excitement and they were surrounded on all sides by pioneer conditions. The Roberts' goods and supplies were moved up the river in a canoe, thence into a slough and finally landed at the house from a ditch. The stock was driven over trails through the woods and generally the supplies were packed in on the back. There were then no schools, no churches, no stores, no postoffices. Mr. Smith lived on the place for four years, during the greater part of which the family lived nearer the town. In the fall of 1885 Mr. Smith had his hardest experience. He had gone to bed as usual, not in the least suspecting that before morning he would be roused to face a strenuous situation. At two o'clock he was awakened by a commotion emanating from the cattle and stock. He arose and found that the river had risen to such a height that the whole farm was flooded except a knoll on which the stock had taken refuge. .The fence was torn down to allow the cattle to make their escape. Immediately the frightened animals stampeded and Mr. Smith was nearly run down. The stock was finally rounded up in the loft of the barn, after five hours of hard work, often in water up to the armpits. At twenty years of age Mr. Smith engaged in work on the neighboring ranches and in the woods. In 1893 he acquired an interest in seventy-two acres of land on which he lived to the time of his death, the remainder being owned by J. H. Mack, whose interests Mr. Smith subsequently obtained. The land was all in brush, but by dint of hard work he cleared the greater part of it and paid off a mortgage of fifteen hundred dollars. He devoted his attention mainly to dairying, keeping twenty-four head of stock and breeding Jerseys. In politics Mr. Smith was a republican. He was well known and highly esteemed throughout the community in which he made his home and his death was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. Fred and Sarah (Quimby) Smith became the parents of four daughters and a son, namely : Gracie, who died at the age of eleven years ; Ralph ; Alice ; Hattie, who is the wife of Edward Walker and the mother of one child, Helen Louise ; and Katherine. For a period of three years, beginning in 1909, Mr. and Mrs. Smith had resided at Phoenix, Arizona, with their daughter Gracie for the benefit of the latter's health. George Walker, the father of Edward Walker, son-in-law of Mrs. Sarah (Quimby) Smith, passed away in 1909, when eighty-six years of age. His home lay two miles west of the city of Snohomish. He was born in Portland, Maine, May 23, 1823, the son of Benjamin 556 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and Sarah (Veasy) Walker, both of whom were natives of the Pine Tree state and of English extraction. The American branch of the Walker family antedates the American Revolution and its branches are to be found throughout New England and the Atlantic states. When George Walker was a lad he was sent to Natick, Massachusetts, where he received a part of his education, the schools of his home state being primitive. At Natick young Walker lived with an uncle who was proprietor of a paper mill, and this business became thoroughly familiar to the young man. He remained at Natick until he was twenty-seven years of age, then started for the gold diggings of California, traveling around the Horn. For three years he followed placer mining in Eldorado county, then he took up a claim on which he made many improvements and was doing extremely well when he was forced to abandon the claim because of the discovery that it was a part of an old Spanish grant and that the title was therefore defective. Mr. Walker came to Puget sound in 1855 and went to work for the Port Madison mill for a time, later taking up fishing as an occupation. He soon came to Snohomish county and located on unsurveyed land just south of the present city. He later disposed of this land and in 1861 filed on a homestead. A preemption subsequently taken gave him a total of three hundred and twenty acres, on some part of which Mr. Walker lived continuously to the time of his death. When he came to what is now Snohomish county there were only three settlers in it—Frank Dolan, John Cochrane and a sailor whose name Mr. Walker could not later recall. Mr. Walker was on friendly terms with the red men, whose language he spoke fluently. Hunting and fishing occupied the greater part of the time of the Indians, but they were also employed in cutting wharf timbers and floating them down to the sound for shipment in sailing vessels bound for San Francisco. The whites generally were compelled to live in the same manner as the Indians. For nearly a year Mr. Walker had no potatoes and subsisted almost wholly on fish and game. With the first crop of potatoes added to the bill of fare, they "lived high," to use Mr. Walker's own expression. When the first court was established at Seattle, Mr. Walker was drawn on the jury. The traveler in those days had to carry his own bedding and provisions and the trip to Seattle was by no means a pleasure journey ; indeed at one time provisions ran so low that dried peas were the only edibles obtainable. The return trip to Snohomish was made by canoe in three days. Mr. Walker married one of the women of the friendly Pilchuck tribe, with whom he was ever on the most cordial terms. Mrs. Walker, whose maiden name was Betsy Dyer, proved an excellent helpmeet all through life, and especially amid the hardships in the pioneer days was of great assistance. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Walker : Anson, Igar, Leonard, Hulda, Mahala, Edward and Effie. The wife and mother departed this life in 1921. Mr. Walker held the office of county treasurer in territorial days and recalled that at one time the finances of the county were represented by seven dollars on hand. In his last years he lived retired, and sold off much of his farm land in small tracts, some of it bringing as high as three hundred dollars per acre. In his passing Snohomish county sustained the loss of one of her most honored and earliest pioneers. JOHN N. PELTON John N. Pelton, who now owns a well improved and productive farm near Everett, has been the architect of his own fortune, having earned every dollar which he possesses, for his life has been one of persistent industry and well applied effort, and today he is comfortably and pleasantly situated, with a nice income and enough work to keep him busy. John N. Pelton was born in McKean county, Pennsylvania, on the 12th of February, 1863, and is a son of William and Alzina (Ginolds) Pelton, both of whom are deceased. Mr. Pelton attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and then went to work in the lumber woods. He next went to Michigan, where he worked in the woods for fourteen years, and in July, 1899, came to Everett, and went into the woods as a foreman. A short time later he entered the employ of the Sumner Iron Works, for which concern he worked fourteen years. In 1904 Mr. Pelton bought five acres of land in East Everett, to which he later added until he now has fifteen acres of good land. He built a comfortable home and now carries on a diversified system of farming, raising hay and grain, as well as fruit, and keeping a nice herd of cows and a good flock of laying hens. He has been successful and is regarded among his fellow farmers as a progressive and enterprising man, well deserving of the success which is crowning his efforts. In 1888 Mr. Pelton was united in marriage to Miss Clara Raiche, who is a native of Michigan, and to them have been born five children, as follows : Mable, who is the wife of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 557 Harvey Bagley, of Beverley, Washington, and has one child, Clara ; William, who lives in Seattle ; George Elmer, at home ; Nina, who is engaged in teaching school, and David, at home. Mr. Pelton gives his political support to the republican party and is a member of the Woodmen of the World. As a citizen he is public-spirited and as a friend and neighbor he combines the qualities of head and heart that win confidence and command respect. MRS. ESTHER FLORENCE FORD in one of the most exacting of all callings Mrs. Esther Florence Ford has attained distinction, being recognized as one of the most successful teachers in the county of Snohomish. She is a well educated woman, her work as an educator having brought her prominently to the notice of the public, the result of which has been a demand for her services where a high standard of professional excellence is required. Mrs. Ford was born in Oakville, Ontario, Canada, and is the daughter of John W. Ford and Esther Joan Ford, the former a native of England and the latter of Canada, though of English descent. Her father went to Canada in young manhood and engaged in the flour milling business, in which he continued up to the time of his death. Mrs. Ford lived in Ontario during her girlhood years, attending the public schools and graduating from the Collegiate Institute at Owen Sound. She also graduated from the Toronto Normal School. She then engaged in teaching in the schools of Gray county, Ontario, until 1899, when she became the wife of William Henry Longfellow Ford, who was born in Michigan. She came west after her marriage and for about eight years served as assistant to the principal of the Garfield school in Everett. She then became principal of the Monroe school and has been retained in that position continuously since, a period of fifteen years, which is a marked. testimony to her ability and efficiency as an educator and administrator. To Mr. and Mrs. Ford has been born a daughter, Esther Joan, who was born in Everett, graduated from the high school in this city and then studied for five years in the Toronto Conservatory of Music, Toronto University. She has established a studio in Everett, where she is specializing in voice, piano and pipe organ. During the World war Mrs. Ford served as a county councilor under the national council of defense. She is a republican in her political views and is a communicant of the Protestant Episcopal church. She is widely acquainted and is a popular member of the circles in which she moves. H. MARION H. Marion, a well known farmer near Snohomish, has been prominently identified with the agricultural interests of this locality for many years, and while his affairs have been successful, he has at the same time contributed to the general prosperity of the community, so that he is clearly entitled to specific mention in the permanent annals of his county. Born near Rotterdam, Holland, in 1850, he is a son of Arie and Cornelia (DeRooy) Marion, also natives of Holland. The father, who never came to the United States, was of old French Huguenot descent, his forebears in that country having belonged to the landed nobility. The ancestral line is traced back to the Knight Templar Crusaders of the twelfth century whose aim was the recovery of Palestine for the Christians. One branch of the family went from France to England, thence to Holland, and from this branch H. Marion is descended. He has a photograph of the old coat-of-arms of the family, showing a star and crescent, with the motto, "Toujours Croissant." H. Marion received his educational training in the schools of Holland and of this country. In boyhood he came to the United States, going to Sheboygan county, Wisconsin, where lived an uncle, Jacob DeRooy, who had settled there in 1848. He was first a minister of the Presbyterian church but later transferred to the Reformed church. After completing his education, Mr. Marion learned the carpenter trade and in 1873 he learned the art of telegraphy. He became station agent at Oostburg, Wisconsin, on what is now the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, holding that position fourteen years, after which he was transferred to Sheboygan, Wisconsin, where he served eight months as a clerk in the freight office. On August 6, 1888, because of his wife's poor health, he came to Tacoma, Washington. He had originally intended going to Bellingham, Whatcom county, but could get no work there. He was equally unsuccessful in Tacoma, so went to Seattle, and eventually obtained employment at West Coast Junction, now Woodinville, King county, where he remained about a year, working 558 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY for the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railroad. He was then sent to Snohomish, being the first station agent at that point, but was later returned to Woodinville, where he remained as station agent until 1900, when he moved to Seattle, in order to give his children better educational advantages. For two years he was employed in the Northern Pacific freight office, being in Seattle altogether seven years. In 1907 he came to his present farm, which he had bought in 1889, and on which the family had lived for several years. The land, comprising seventy acres, had been logged off, but was not otherwise cleared. What is now the fine concrete highway was at that time nothing but a "skid" road, really a trail leading from Snohomish to Marysville. Mr. Marion saw many Indians in the early days passing by his place on this trail. He applied himself vigorously to the improvement of the place and cleared about sixty acres of the land. He has since sold part of the tract, retaining twenty-eight acres in the home place. He has made permanent and substantial improvements here and has given close attention to the operation of the farm, which has returned him a nice income, so that he is now very comfortably situated. On February 25, 1875, Mr. Marion was married to Miss Annie Dekker, who was born in Wisconsin, a daughter of John and Grace (Kapper) Dekker, natives of Holland, from which country they came to the United States, locating in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1850. Mr. and Mrs. Marion were married in Sheboygan county and became the parents of the following children: John, a locomotive engineer on the Northern Pacific Railroad, lives at Seattle, is married and has a son. Arie, who also is an engineer on the Northern Pacific road, enlisted in the United States Engineers for service in the World war. He was sent to Camp Humphrey, where he became a sergeant in a colored company. He was sent overseas, but the armistice was signed before he saw any actual fighting, though he was not sent home until July, 1919. Cornelia J., who was born in Wisconsin, is the wife of H. W. Shaw, of Everett, and has six children, two of whom are married, and one great-grandchild, Lucile Marion Fairley. James and Grace died in infancy. Grace, the second of the name is the wife of W. E. Tremblay, of Bainbridge island. Henry J., who married Miss Ida Hendrickson, lives on the home place. On August 6, 1917, he enlisted for service in the World war, and was transferred to the Second Division, with which he went to France, December 26, 1917. Over there he was transferred to a machine gun company, and in May, 1918, was assigned to Company C, Fifth Machine Gun Brigade. They were with the marines at Chateau Thierry, Soissons, the Argonne and other sectors, and he later was with the Army of Occupation in Germany, being returned to this country in September, 1919. He saw much active service and was cited for bravery in action in October, 1918. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. Esther, the next of the family, is the wife of A. T. Sandvig, whose farm is near the home place, and they have two children, Teddie and Anna. Mr. Marion has always taken a deep interest in local public affairs and is a member of the local school board. By a straightforward and commendable course he has made his way from a somewhat humble environment to a respected and independent position in the world, winning the hearty admiration of the people of his adopted county and earning a reputation as an enterprising, progressive man of affairs and a broad-minded, charitable and upright citizen, qualities which the public has not been slow to recognize and appreciate, so that today he holds an enviable position in the confidence and esteem of the entire community in which he lives. PHILIP S. GEORGE Among the citizens of Snohomish county who have not only been successful in their material affairs, but have also been active and influential in promoting the welfare and progress of their respective communities, stands Philip S. George, of the vicinity of Sultan. A native son of Washington, he was born near Walla Walla in 1872. His mother, Mrs. Mattie George, was a native of Indiana, whence the family came to Washington by ox team in 1871, and she spent the remainder of her life in this state, dying in 1890. Philip S. George attended public school near Ellensburg, to which place the family had moved when he was about five years of age. Later they settled near Wenatchee, at which time there were only three white families in the Wenatchee valley. After completing his education he began working with horses and cattle, being thus employed for some years. In the early days at various times he drove to The Dalles, Oregon, for supplies, a several weeks' trip. He made two trips with horses to the coast and in 1896 decided to locate here, going to Monroe and renting land in the Tualco valley, where he engaged in the dairy business. After remaining there about ten years, Mr. George bought forty acres of land near Sultan in 1906 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 559 and has added to his holdings until now he owns eighty-two acres of land. None was cleared, only the cedar trees having been removed but he applied himself to the task of getting the land in shape for cultivation and now has about twenty acres cleared. In 1912-13 he drove a team in California, going there for the sake of his son's health. He is now engaged in dairy farming, keeping twelve good grade cows, and also raises some fruit and berries, and keeps some chickens and bees, though these are mostly for family use. He has made a number of valuable improvements on his ranch and is now very comfortably situated. Mr. George has been married twice, the first time while living on his original farm in the Tualco valley, and to that union was born a daughter, now Mrs. Amye Murdock, who lives in Monroe and is the mother of three children. In February, 1907, he was united in marriage to Miss Ella Hunt, a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of Jacob and Anna Hunt, who came to Washington and died here. Mrs. George went to Gold Bar to visit a sister in 1902, her father and mother coming later. Mr. and Mrs. George have two children, Philip and Gordon W., both at home. Mr. George is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and he and his wife are members of the Grange at Sultan. Fraternally he is a member of Sultan Lodge No. 193, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has taken a keen interest in the progress of his locality, especially in educational matters, having served eleven years in all as a member of the school board of district No. 41 before it was consolidated and is now serving as a member of the hoard of consolidated district No. 314. He was active in building and improving roads in the early days, spending nearly a year at that work under County Commissioner Anderson. When he first came here the only highway to his place was a mere trail which cou!d be traveled by a wagon, but at great risk. He is regarded as a man of sound and mature judgment, progressive in his ideas and energetic in his methods, so that throughout the range of his acquaintance lie is held in the highest regard. JOSEPH W. JACKSON In the death of Joseph W. Jackson, on May 4, 1922, there was removed another of those sturdy pioneers and public-spirited citizens who contributed in so great measure to the development of Snohomish county, for the splendid farm on which he lived for years here was developed by him from the virgin wilderness, through years of hard and unremitting toil. He was a man of sturdy character, stood for the best things in community life and at all times supported such enterprises as had for their object the improvement or betterment of the community. Mr. Jackson was born in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was reared and educated He was a veteran of the Civil war and at its close went down the Mississippi river to one of the southern states and taught school for several years. He also took up a homestead and engaged in farming several years but suffered an attack of malarial fever, in consequence of which he was compelled to leave that section of the country. Going to Missouri, he engaged in farming until the fall of 1888, when he went to Stanwood, Washington. Soon afterwards he went up the river to a location two awl a half miles west of Arlington, where he bought one hundred and ten acres of wild timber land, about a half acre of which had been slashed and on which was a small log cabin. He built a good log house and then entered upon the herculean task of clearing the land and getting it in shape for cultivation. He possessed indomitable energy and in the course of time cleared practically all of the land, creating one of the best farms in this section of the county. He was practical in everything that he did and was a good manager, so that eventually his labors were rewarded with a well deserved prosperity. In 1921, feeling that he had earned a rest, lie bought a home in Arlington, to which he retired, but his death occurred May 4th of the following year. On December 3, 1881, in Missouri, Mr. Jackson was united in marriage to Miss Cynthia R. Brooks, who was born in Joplin, Missouri, a daughter of John and Harriet (Haddon) Brooks, both of whom were natives of Tennessee. The father, who was reared to the life of a farmer, moved to Missouri in young manhood and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, which he developed into a good farm, and there he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in the early '80s. He was survived a number of years by his widow, whose death occurred in Washington in 1892. To them were horn seven children, of which number three are living, namely : Cynthia, now Mrs. Jackson ; Henry, who lives in Canada ; and Mrs. Eliza A. Cole, who is a resident of this state. To Mr. and Mrs. Jackson were born four children, as follows : Mrs. Hettie L. Steer, who lives in Arlington ; Robert, who died in March, 1919 ; James Otis, who is now living in Alaska ; and Mrs. Anna Englar, who lives at Hermosa Beach, California, and is the mother of a daughter, Margaret, born August 9, 1916. Mr. Jackson was a man of good education, held well defined opinions on the questions of the 560 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY day, and was influential in the circles in which he moved. He taught the first school at Arlington and also taught a term at the Island school. Quiet and unassuming in manner, nevertheless he possessed a strength of character that made its impress on all who came into contact with him and he enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence of the entire community. Mrs. Jackson still retains the home ranch on the Stillaguamish river, which she has leased. The place is well equipped in every way for successful farming, having a fine, two story residence, large barns and outbuildings and other features of an up-to-date ranch, while the fertile soil produces abundant crops of hay and grain. Mrs. Jackson spends most of her winters in southern California and spent a part of the summer of 1926 with her son James in Alaska. LOUIS GRIFFORE Louis Griffore, by earnest endeavor and indomitable energy, has won a place among the prominent and progressive men who have been factors in the agricultural development of the northwest, in which section of the country he has lived continuously for almost two decades. Louis Griffore was horn in 1858 in Wayne county, Michigan, and is a son of Dominick and Christian Griffore, the father a native of Michigan and the mother of Canada. The former, a pioneer of Michigan, was for many years engaged in farming there, and he and his wife are now deceased. The son attended the public schools of his native county and was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he later followed on his own account in that state until 1907, with the exception of a period, about 1889, when he and his wife went to Tacoma, Washington. Soon afterwards they bought a home at Buckley, Pierce county, and twenty acres of land adjoining the town, where they remained about a year, at the end of which time they sold out and returned to Michigan. In 1907 Mr. Griffore sold his farm in Michigan and came to Snohomish county. Soon afterward he bought seventeen and a half acres of land in Sunnyside, near Everett, awl proceeded to clear it of the timber, stumps and brush which covered it. The land is fertile and produces abundant crops of hay. Mr. Griffore has a large berry patch, which also yields abundantly. He is also giving considerable attention to the chicken business, keeping a nice flock of laying hens. On October 25, 1881, Mr. Griffore was united in marriage to Miss Ina DuPraw, who was born in Michigan, a daughter of Jacque and Electa (Niles) DuPraw, pioneers of that state, the father being the son of Louis DuPraw, who was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1808. To Mr. and Mrs. Griffore have been born three children : George Louis, who was born in 1891 and was an accomplished violinist, died in 1914. Albert Ray, who is a teacher in this county, is married and has two children, Loraine and Catherine. Lulu Belle is the wife of Leslie Henderson, of Seattle, and they have a son, George Wilson. Mr. Griffore is a quiet and unassuming man who takes no active part in public affairs, though always ready to cast his influence in favor of such measures as are calculated to advance the best interests of the community. He is giving close attention to his ranch and is well worthy of the high esteem in which he is held by all who know him. JOHN F. BIRNEY John F. Birney, a civil engineer of ripe experience and pronounced ability, is widely known as a builder of railroads and bridges and has also filled important offices in the path of his profession. He came to Everett at the time of the founding of the city and his name is inseparably associated with the history of its growth and upbuilding. A son of William Robert and Frances Justine Birney, he was born in 1865 and is of Irish parentage. He came to western Washington in 1887, when a young man of twenty-two years, and entered the employ of the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railway, now a part of the Northern Pacific system. He aided in locating and constructing the line between Seattle and Sumas and from West Coast Junction to Snoqualmie. He came to Everett in 1890 and in the same year was appointed city engineer of Snohomish, serving under Mr. McKinzie. He was one of the builders of the railroad from Snohomish to the smelter and aided in surveying the townsite of Everett. In 1891 he became connected with the Monte Cristo Railroad and from 1896 until 1899 had charge o f the camps of the Port Susan Logging Company, working under Charles Cobb, William Sisco, Nicholas Haney and A. S. Kerry. Mr. Birney has located and built many logging railways and in 1900 was city engineer of Everett. From 1901 until 1905 he was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 561 county engineer of Snohomish county and was afterward in the service of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, also engaging in private practice. From 1905 until 1908 he was city engineer of Sultan, Stanwood, Granite Falls, Index, Arlington and Marysville and has built more steel bridges than any other engineer in the state. In 1909 he was recalled to the office of city engineer, which he filled for four years, and from 1913 until 1915 operated the Rainey mine at Monte Cristo, shipping the ore to the smelter at Tacoma. In 1919 Mr. Birney was assistant engineer of Yakima county, serving under Mr. Marion, and also followed his profession in Bremerton, Seattle and other parts of Washington. During 1921-22 he was engineer of Union county, Oregon, with headquarters at La Grande, and in 1925 was made city engineer of Napa, Idaho. He returned to Everett in 1926 and is now engaged in private practice, maintaining an office in the Central building. In 1893 Mr. Birney was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Hodgins, a Canadian, and they have become the parents of two daughters. Frances, the elder, is a graduate of the University of Washington and also of the State Normal School at Bellingham. She taught at Mukilteo and Lake Stevens, Washington, at Napa, Idaho, and during 1923-24 was supervisor of music in the public schools of Everett. She became the wife of Frank Wild, a resident of Portland, Oregon. Maie completed a course in the Everett high school, of which her sister is also a graduate, and for some time engaged in teaching in this city. She is now the wife of Carl Falk and lives in Yakima, Washington. Mr. Birney has a predilection for politics and has been chairman of the central county committee of the republican party. He is a Royal Arch Mason, a retired brigadier general of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is also connected with the Woodmen of the World. He has aided materially in developing the natural resources of Washington and his constantly expanding powers have placed him with the foremost civil engineers of the northwest. He has watched with deep interest the progress of civilization in this state and as one of its pioneer settlers he is widely known and highly esteemed. WILLIAM WESTOVER To William Westover belongs the distinction of being one of the real pioneers of the southwestern part of Snohomish county and he has contributed his full quota to the development and improvement of his section of the county. He was born in Nova Scotia, Canada, in 1854, and is a son of Daniel and Lucy (Silver) Westover, also natives of that country, where the father followed farming. Reared on his father's farm, William Westover attended the public schools of the neighborhood and then went to work in the lumber woods and in sawmills, working in Canada and Michigan until 1884, when he came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead five miles north of Marysville, being one of the first to locate in this section of the county. For miles in every direction the country was covered with a heavy growth of timber and no roads were near his land, it being necessary for him to pack all his supplies on his back. He devoted himself closely to his tasks and in course of time succeeded in clearing one hundred acres, much of which he also ditched, developing a splendid farm, on which he lived, and whereon he raised splendid crops. He sold that place in 1925. Ten years before Mr. Westover bought nine acres of land near Marysville, which had been logged off but still contained a forest of stumps. He has cleared this place, has built a substantial and comfortable house, provided with electricity and city water service, and now makes his home here. He is giving his attention to the chicken business, which serves to occupy his time, and in every way is very pleasantly situated. In 1899 Mr. Westover was married to Miss Salinda Avery, who was born and reared in Michigan, and who died in 1920. He is a republican in his political views and has served on the local school board. He is a member of the Washington Cooperative Poultry and Egg Association. Through all the years of his residence here he has so ordered his actions as to command the fullest measure of confidence and regard. THOMAS INIONS Thomas Inions, a successful and enterprising agriculturist of Snohomish county, devotes his attention to the cultivation of one hundred and thirty-three acres of land in the vicinity of Stanwood. His birth occurred in Shropshire, England, on the 26th of January, 1885, his parents being Edward and Emily (Hobbs) Inions, the former a native of England, while the latter 562 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY was born in Ireland. Edward Inions emigrated to the United States in 1875, settling in Ventura county, California, where he planted an orange grove and remained for three years. He then sold the place to his cousin, a Mr. Chadwick, and returned to England, where he was married and made his home for eleven years. On the expiration of that period, in 1889, he again came to this country and purchased a large ranch in Holt county, Nebraska, where he engaged in farming pursuits until 1901. That year witnessed his arrival in Snohomish county, Washington, where he bought a small farm and spent the remainder of his life, passing away on the 5th of April, 1920. He is still survived by his widow. They reared a family of three children: Mrs. Mildred Siler ; Thomas, of this review ; and Mrs. Ethel McRae. Thomas Inions, who was a little lad of nine years when brought to the United States by his parents, acquired his education in Nebraska and had attained the age of twenty-one when in 1901 he accompanied his father and mother on their removal to Stanwood, Washington. He assisted his father in the operation of the home farm until twenty-two years of age, and engaged in clerking in stores at Stanwood for five years It was in 1907 that he made his way to Chilliwack, British Columbia, where he purchased a tract of seventy-seven acres of land, half of which was cleared. Mr. Inions cleared the remainder of the property and resided thereon for ten years, on the expiration of which period he disposed of the place at a good profit. He returned to Stanwood in 1917 and leased the ranch of his mother-in-law, Mrs. Magdalena Gilchrist, comprising one hundred and three acres. Five years later, in 1922, he purchased a tract of thirty acres adjoining this property, which lies a mile north of Stanwood. Thus he now farms one hundred and thirty-three acres of land, his principal crops being oats and hay and also corn for the silo. Forty-six acres planted to oats in 1925 produced an average yield of one hundred and forty-one bushels per acre, while ten acres of this land yielded one hundred and eighty-six bushels per acre. Mr. Inions milks thirty-two good grade cows and has met with well merited success in his farming operations. On the 26th of June, 1907, Mr. Inions was united in marriage to Lena L. Gilchrist, daughter of John and Magdalena Gilchrist, honored pioneers of Stanwood. Extended reference to John Gilchrist, who departed this life in 1916, is made on another page of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Inions are the parents of three children, namely : John, who was born April 23, 1908, and is now in the junior year at the Stanwood high school ; Jean, whose natal day was March 30, 1913, and who is a seventh grade pupil in grammar school ; and Thomas, Jr., born September 14, 1914, who is also attending grammar school. All of the children were born in the vicinity of Chilliwack, British Columbia. Fraternally Mr. Inions is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Lodge No. 249 at Stanwood, while both he and his wife have membership in Rebekah Lodge No. 252 of Stanwood. They are widely recognized as people of genuine personal worth and have gained many friends throughout the community in which they make their home. HON. JOHN CHARLES DENNEY Hon. John Charles Denney, director of the board of public works in the state of Washington, enjoys an enviable position as one of the foremost citizens and pioneer lawyers of Snohomish county. He retired from the superior court bench after an aggregate service of ten years. His birth occurred on a farm in Delaware county, Ohio, on the 18th of November, 1852, his parents being John and Sarah (Taylor) Denney. The founder of the American branch of the Denney family was John Denney, the great-grandfather of Judge J. C. Denney, of this review. This ancestor emigrated from Ireland to America in colonial times and fought three years with the liberty-loving colonists to throw off the English yoke. After the Revolution he settled in Pennsylvania, first following his trade, that of a tailor, then engaging extensively in the tannery business and in the manufacture of flour. He was a man of marked ability and great energy, whose fitness for leadership was so generally recognized that he represented Greene county, Pennsylvania, in the legislature for eighteen years. His son, also named John, was a successful farmer and stockman. John Denney (III), father of Judge Denney, was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, but was taken by his parents to Ohio while still in childhood, the family settling in Carroll county. He became one of the pioneers of Delaware county and pursued farming, stock raising and other lines of business with great success during his entire life. In 1865 he left Ohio for Iowa, where he remained until 1869, which year witnessed his removal to Indiana. The remainder of his life was spent in the Hoosier state, where he passed away in 1879, when seventy-seven years of age. His religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. He was a whig in politics, and though actively interested in public affairs, never consented to be HON. JOHN C. DENNEY HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 565 a candidate for office. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Sarah Taylor, was born in Manchester, England, in 1817 and was fourteen years of age when she accompanied her parents on their emigration to America, the family home being established at Troy, New York. Her father was a manufacturer of cotton and woolen goods. She became the wife of John Denney in Carroll county, Ohio, and passed away at Valparaiso, Indiana, in the year 1903. By her marriage she became the mother of nine daughters and three sons. Three of the family survive, namely : Mrs. T. F. Banks, a widow residing in Snohomish county, Washington ; Mrs. M. M. Leonard, who lives at Valparaiso, Indiana ; and John Charles, of this review. The last named received his early education in the public schools of Ohio and Indiana and after leaving high school continued his studies at the Northern Indiana Normal School of Valparaiso, Indiana, now Valparaiso University. Upon leaving that institution he at once began the study of law at Newcastle, Indiana, pursuing his reading in the office of a friend, James Brown, until admission to the bar in 1878. From Indiana he then removed to Rooks county, Kansas, and hung out his shingle at Stockton, which was his home for ten years. For a time he there practiced in association with A. L. Patchin,, and during the period of his residence at Stockton he also served as probate judge. John C. Denney left a lucrative, established practice in the Sunflower state to seek the greater opportunities offered young men by the rapidly developing northwest, locating at Snohomish, Washington, then the county seat of Snohomish county, on the 15th of July, 1888. The law firm of Humes, Headlee & Denney was soon organized, one of the strongest in this section and one of the leading firms on Puget Sound in those days. The senior member, Mr. Humes, was shortly called to the bench of King county, and in March, 1891, Mr. Denney himself was appointed superior judge of Snohomish county by Governor Ferry, occasioned by the organization of a new judicial district. In 1892 Judge Denney was elected by his fellow citizens to serve a full term, retiring with an enviable record January 1, 1897. The famous county seat contest between Everett and Snohomish was waged in the courts during this term of office, calling for an unusual nicety of judgment and its adjudication. The firm of Denney & Hulbert, the junior partner being Robert A. Hulbert, practiced during the next four years or until January, 1901, when Judge Denney was again called to the Snohomish county bench, over which he presided during the succeeding four years. A contemporary biographer said : "Hon. John C. Denney, who retired from the superior court bench of Snohbmish county after an aggregate service of ten years, extending over a period fraught with litigation of more than ordinary importance, bears the distinction of being one of the ablest jurists in the state. His long judicial service has been an honorable one in every particular, marked by eminently fair decisions covering a wide range and commanding not only the approval of the bar but winning him the confidence of the general public." After resuming private life Judge Denney became associated in law practice with Judge Emory, their offices being in Everett. Judge Denney also interested himself to some extent in the development of the mineral resources of the Cascades. He served as registrar in the United States land office at Seattle for four years and has also made a splendid record as director of the board of public works in the state of Washington, with office at Olympia, which position he has filled for two years. On the 31st of December, 1879, at Stockton, Kansas, Judge Denney was united in marriage to Miss Harriet M. McNeeley, who was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, September 20, 1861, her parents being Joseph and Nancy (Lawry) McNeeley, also natives of the Buckeye state. Joseph McNeeley devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits in Ohio during his active business career. John Charles and Harriet M. (McNeeley) Denney are the parents of three sons, the record of whom is given below. Arthur J., whose birth occurred in Kansas on the 21st of September, 1881, and who is a graduate of the University of Washington, is now deputy clerk of internal revenue at Everett. He served in the United States army during the period of the World war. Robert Grant Denney, born at Snohomish, Washington, September 5, 1889, is successfully engaged in law practice in Seattle as junior member of the firm of Shorts & Denney. He wedded Miss Leta Burch of Spokane, Washington, and is the father of two children, Robert and Jane, who are twelve and eight years of age, respectively. Charles R. Denney, whose birth occurred at Everett on the 17th of September, 1900, is a graduate of the University of Washington and is now serving as deputy prosecuting attorney of Everett. At the time of the World war he served in the navy. The military record of Hon. John C. Denney covers one year's service in the National Guard. He is eligible to membership in the Sons of the American Revolution and fraternally is affiliated with the Masonic order, belonging to Peninsula Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He is both a York and Scottish Rite Mason and his wife belongs to the Eastern Star. The Judge 566 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY is also connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of the Maccabees and with Lodge No. 479 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks in Everett. Both he and his wife are consistent and devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His political support is given to the republican party and his record of public service is one of which he has every reason to be proud. PIERRE LE MAITRE Pierre Le Maitre hegan business life practically at the bottom of the ladder but has climbed to the top with no help but a brave heart, industrious hands and an intelligent brain, and is a living example of what may be accomplished through industry, perseverance and good judgment. A native of Belgium, his birth occurred in 1863, and he is a son of Gabriel and Theresa B. Le Maitre. The father was a coal miner and he and his wife are now deceased. Pierre Le Maitre secured. his education in the public schools of his native land, where he lived until 1886, when he came to the United States, locating in Pennsylvania. For many years he was employed in a glass factory at Tarentum, that state, and then for about seven years in glass works at Indiana, Pennsylvania. In 1906 he came to Washington, stopping a few months at Everett, and then located on his present place, comprising twenty acres, which he had bought. The tract was densely covered with stumps and brush and a vast amount of work was necessary before the land could be cultivated. He now has over eight acres cleared and has made many permanent and substantial improvements, including a good set of farm buildings. He carries on general farming, in connection with which he has a nice orchard and berry patch, and also raises chickens. He is industrious and energetic, exercises good judgment in all of his affairs and does thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, this being the keynote to his success. Oh January 14, 1893, Mr. Le Maitre was married to Miss Maria Debande, also a native of Belgium, and a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Baudenne) Debande, the former of whom was a gardener and both of whom are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Le Maitre have two children, May and Jule. May is the wife of Ed Cavelero, who is a pile driver and farmer, living near the home place, and they have two children, Edith and Ed, Jr. Jule Le Maitre, with the true courage of the blood of his ancestral people, enlisted for service in the World war and was sent overseas with the United States Infantry. He went at once into active service and paid the supreme sacrifice, giving up his life on the field of battle. His body was never identified and he now lies in an unknown grave on the sunny slopes of France. Mr. Le Maitre has proven a loyal citizen of his adopted country, standing for all that is best in community life and supporting all measures for the advancement of the public welfare. Genial and friendly, sincere and earnest, the high place which he holds in public esteem attests his splendid character and admirable qualities. PETER ALTMAN Peter Altman passed away May 22, 1926, after a long life of signal activity and usefulness, crowned by a well earned rest in his later years. He was a native of Luxemburg, Germany, born in 1850, and a son of Nicholas and Mary (Krammer) Altman, also natives of Luxemburg, where the father devoted his life to farming, and there both died. Peter Altman was reared on the paternal farmstead and secured his education in the public schools. He then learned the trade of a wagon maker, which he followed until 1880, when he came to the United States, locating in St. Joseph, Missouri. There he learned the carpenter's trade, which line of work he followed during the eight years he lived in that city. In 1888 he came to Snohomish and for about twenty years was employed as a carpenter, having a hand in the construction of most of the early buildings here. On his arrival he bought a small tract of land and built a house, in which he lived seventeen years, and then, in 1904, bought his last place, then comprising eleven acres of land. The only highway to his place at that time was an old skid road and his land was densely covered with stumps and second growth timber, a vast amount of work being required in order to get it into shape for cultivation. After locating on the tract Mr. Altman did little outside work, his time and attention being closely devoted to his farm. He made many good improvements on the place, developing it into a good farm, on which are a good set of buildings and all necessary equipment. His first crops HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 567 were mainly hay and clover and he kept a nice herd of cattle, later adding hogs to his live stock. He also had a nice producing orchard and everything about the place indicated him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. He applied himself closely to his farming operations until about 1921, when he sold part of his land and afterward was practically retired from active affairs, enjoying the rest to which his years of labor so richly entitled him, to the time of his demise. In 1878, in Luxemburg, Mr. Altman was married to Miss Susan Kneipp, a native of that place and a daughter of Nicholas Kneipp, a farmer. Both of her parents are now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Altman were born five children, namely : Joseph, who is married and lives in Spokane, Washington ; Peter, who is married and lives near the home place ; John, who is married and lives in Michigan; Mary, who is the wife of Roy McDougall, of Gold Bar, Washington, and is the mother of two children, Dorothy and Daniel ; and Bessie, who is the wife of Earl Willard, of Snohomish. Mr. Altman was one of the earliest members of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association. He was a man of fine personal qualities, kindly and pleasant in all his relations with those about him. During all the years of his residence here he enjoyed the unbounded esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens. ALEX McALISTER Alex McAlister is one of the well known business men of Monroe and also owns and operates a fine ranch in Snohomish county, in which section of the country he has lived for forty years, experiencing many phases of frontier life. He was born December 14, 1880, in Kingman county, Kansas and is a son of Andrew and Jane McAlister. In 1886 his parents migrated to Washington and the father entered a homestead in Snohomish county. He cleared the land and prepared the soil for the growing of crops, converting the wild tract into a productive farm. He resided on the ranch until 1917 and is now living in Oregon. Alex McAlister was but six years old when the family came to Washington and his education was acquired in the public schools of Snohomish county. He was employed as a logger and in other capacities and invested his savings in farm land. He operated a dairy in the vicinity of Snohomish and now owns a valuable ranch of one hundred and thirty acres, situated near Monroe. His place is supplied with good buildings and other improvements, and his methods of farming are both practical and progressive. He has a herd of cattle and raises the crops best adapted to this region. He has been equally successful in commercial affairs and since December, 1924, has conducted a meat market in Monroe, catering to a large trade. In 1907 Mr. McAlister was united in marriage to Miss Lottie Pence, of Redmond, Washington, and they now have five children: Leonard, Dale, Thelma, Willard and Kenneth. Mr. McAlister is one of the valued members of the Grange and follows an independent course in politics, voting according to the dictates of his judgment. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Eagles and the Improved Order of Red Men. Earnest, efficient and thorough, he has accomplished what he has undertaken, winning at the same time the respect and good will of his fellowmen, for his life has been guided by a high standard of conduct. PETER E. CARLSON Peter E. Carlson, one of the pioneer settlers of Snohomish county, was long numbered among the leading agriculturists of the Bothell district and a life of industry and thrift has brought him well merited prosperity. He has reached the venerable age of seventy-five years and his present period of leisure is the reward of earnest endeavor and good management. A native of Sweden, he was born in 1851 and his parents, Carl and Johannah Carlson, were lifelong residents of that country. Mr. Carlson was reared on his father's farm and his educational opportunities were very limited. He worked in the woods and in sawmills until he came to the United States and in 1890 journeyed to the Pacific northwest. He spent a few months in Seattle, Washington, and then came to Snohomish county, homesteading on Silver lake. There were no roads and from Lowell he made his way to Lorimer Corners, proceeding thence across the lake. He was obliged to pack in his supplies, which were obtained in Lowell. He traded with Eugene Smith and often left the store with two sacks of flour, which he carried on his back to the ranch. It was several years before a road was made for teams and later a plank road was built of lumber obtained from a near-by shingle mill. Mr. Carlson also worked in the woods and as 568 HISTORY OF' SNOHOMISH COUNTY a farm laborer, having a hard struggle to eke out an existence during those early days. He proved up on his place, becoming the owner of a tract of twenty-five and a half acres, and cleared about five acres of the land, which was covered with a dense growth of trees. He devoted his energies to the cultivation of the soil until about 1922, when he sold the homestead and bought a small island in the vicinity, where he now resides. The island is one of the most beautiful places on Silver lake and Mr. Carlson has converted his property into an attractive summer resort, which is rapidly gaining in popularity. Mr. Carlson was married in Sweden to Miss Charlotta Adamson, who passed away in 1918. They were the parents of three children: Mrs. Ella Foutz, who acts as housekeeper for her father and who has one child, Elsie ; Hilma, who died when a youth of sixteen and Edward, who is a bachelor and resides at home. Mr. Carlson was active in donation road work and also served on the school board, loyally supporting every project for the general good. He has faithfully performed every duty and obligation and his is the record of a well spent life. He has a wide acquaintance and no resident of the district occupies a higher place in public regard. VICTOR M. WESTBERG, D. D. S. For eleven years Dr. Victor M. Westberg has engaged in the practice of dentistry in Everett and his pronounced success indicates that he has chosen the profession for which nature intended him. He was born January 26, 1892, in St. Paul, Minnesota, and is a son of John and Hilma Westberg, who settled in Snohomish county, Washington, in 1904. His father followed the occupation of farming for several years and is now engaged in the grocery business in Everett. Dr. Westberg was twelve years old when his parents came to the coast and after the completion of his high school course he entered the Northern Pacific College of Dentistry, from which he was graduated in 1915. He then located in Everett and in the intervening period has established a large practice. He has acquired marked skill and his work is facilitated by the most improved dental appliances. In 1919 Dr. Westberg married Miss Olive McCullum, of Everett, and to this union has been born a daughter, Patricia Ann. In politics Dr. Westberg maintains an independent course, regarding the qualifications of a candidate as a matter of prime importance, and lends the weight of his support to all measures of reform, progress and improvement. He has attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Dental Societies and the American Dental Association. Dr. Westberg is a young man of studious nature, deeply interested in his profession, and his good qualities are thoroughly appreciated by Everett's citizens, who entertain for him a high regard. RICHARD D. HODGINS With the development and upbuilding of Everett, Richard D. Hodgins has long been closely associated, and in the conduct of his business affairs he has displayed that spirit of enterprise which works for individual success and also constitutes a factor in public prosperity. A native of Canada, he was born in the province of Ontario in 1866 and his parents were John and Harriet (Hodes) Hodgins. Mr. Hodgins spent his boyhood on the homestead and attended the public schools of Ontario. He worked on various farms and in logging camps in his efforts to gain a start and in 1887 came to Snohomish county, Washington. He was employed in the mills and 'lumber camps and as a young man engaged in surveying, also aiding in the building of railroads. In 1902 he opened a stationery store ill Everett and in 1911 increased the scope of his activities by the addition of a music department. He handles sheet music, stringed instruments, pianos, etc., and his is the oldest establishment of the kind in the city. The store is located at No. 2822 Colby avenue and through wise management, up-to-date methods and honest dealing Mr. Hodgins has won and retained a large share of the trade in the lines in which he specializes. In 1906 Mr. Hodgins was united in marriage to Miss Katherine Wanders, a lady of culture and refinement. She was horn in Iowa and for some time was engaged in educational HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 569 work in Washington. She is well known as a public stenographer, also taking orders for mimeograph work, and is a recognized expert in these lines. She employs six assistants and conducts the largest business of the kind in the city. Mr. Hodgins is without party bias and supports the candidate whom he regards as best qualified to conserve the public weal. He has never entered politics, giving to his business his undivided attention, and a useful, upright life of quiet devotion to duty has won for him the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. WALTER R. ILLMAN Walter R. Illman, a veteran of the World war, has achieved noteworthy success as a poultry raiser and resides near Sultan, bearing a name which has long been an honored one in this section of the state. He was born on the old homestead in 1898 and his father, William H. Illman, was a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was born August 3, 1860, and his father, William Illman, Jr., was an Englishman. He was born January 1, 1819, and printed the first postage stamp in the United States. He was a son of William Illman, Sr., who was also a printer and issued the first illustrated children's books in this country. Martha (Adams) Illman, the mother of William H. Inman, was a member of the John 0. Adams family of New York and passed away in 1866, when forty-four years of age. William H. Illman was the sixth in order of birth in a family of eight children. His education was received in the Quaker city and he afterward went to Canada, teaching for four years in the province of Ontario. He spent six months in Australia and secured his transportation to the United States by working on a vessel, having exhausted his funds. He entered the employ of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company in the capacity of foreman and while filling that position exploded twenty thousand pounds of powder, the largest blast ever fired on the road. A year later he came up the Skykomish river and took up the land on which the subject of this sketch now lives. He brought his supplies from Snohomish by canoe and during the winter of 1883-4, when the river was frozen, he was destitute of all kinds of provisions save flour and dependent upon a small amount of game. Later, when he had made quite a clearing in the dense forest and had gained a foothold in the logging business, a sudden rise in the river swept everything before it and his months of toil were wasted. He was identified with the lumber industry for about ten years and then resumed his ranching operations. He returned to the logging business in 1910 and also taught school in Startup and Sultan, continuing his educational work for a period of twenty years. He was an able instructor and rendered valuable service to the state in that connection. He was a leader in all movements for the improvement of educational facilities in his district and at various times was a member of the school board of Startup. He purchased government land lying between that town and Sultan and cleared thirty-five acres of his homestead. He devoted a large portion of his time to the growing of fruit and was one of the first men in this locality to achieve success in the production of peaches. He was also engaged in the raising of thoroughbred Jersey cattle and his knowledge of these branches of agriculture was considered authoritative. Mr. Illman was married in October, 1889, to Miss Lucy Wells, who was born in the city of Chicago and came to the Pacific coast with her parents, Alpheus and Ellen (Soule) Wells, who established their home in Cowlitz county, Washington. Her mother was a direct descendant of one Soule, a secret service officer who rendered valuable service to the Union during the Civil war. Mr. Wells was a manufacturer of shingles and responded to death's summons in 1903, when seventy years of age. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Illman: William J., Alpheus, Walter R., Adeline, Harold and Winston. Mr. Illman was identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and in politics was nonpartisan. At one time he was a candidate for the office of county school superintendent on the populist ticket but resigned owing to fusion and this action was greatly regretted by his numerous supporters, who recognized his peculiar fitness for the position. He was active in donation road work and other constructive projects, exerting his talents as readily for the public weal as for his own aggrandizement. As the pioneer settler of this district he was thoroughly conversant with its history and enjoyed the friendship of "Sultan John" and other Indians of local celebrity. His was an admirable character, worthy of all praise, and his death in November, 1923, was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. Walter R. Illman attended the public schools of Startup and Sultan and afterward took a course in a business college at Seattle. He assisted his father in the conduct of the ranch and early in 1917 enlisted in the Canadian army, joining the infantry forces. After a brief interval he was ordered to the front with the First Canadian Division and spent about a year in France. He was stationed in the Arras sector and participated in many notable battles, 570 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY never faltering in the face of danger. He was wounded in action and at the end of two years received his honorable discharge from the service. He then attended a business college and in 1922 began farming a portion of the homestead, which is situated two and a half miles east of Sultan. He is devoting his attention to the raising of chickens and is associated with his brother, H. W. Illman. They have twenty-five hundred laying hens and seven thousand baby chicks. They have installed an incubating plant and specialize in White Leghorns. As a result of their judicious management and untiring efforts the business has assumed extensive proportions and they also operate a small dairy. Their buildings are modern and substantially constructed. They produce some berries and have fifty acres planted to oats. About ninety acres of the ranch have been cleared and theirs is one of the most efficiently managed poultry farms in the county. In 1923 Mr. Illman married Miss Maude Peterson, a native of Sultan and a daughter of Nick and Ava (Peake) Peterson, who have a family of five children. Mr. Peterson is a successful dairy farmer and has resided in the Sultan district since 1896. He is the owner of a well improved ranch of fifty acres and has a herd of twenty cows, headed by a registered Holstein sire. Mr. and Mrs. Illman have become the parents of two children, Joyce and Carrol. Mr. Illman is a member of the Grange and the Snohomish County Poultrymen's Association. He loyally supports all projects destined to prove of benefit to his community and state and combines in his character all of the qualities of a useful and desirable citizen. S. J. MONRO Alert, energetic and determined, S. J. Monro has rapidly advanced toward the goal of success through the wise utilization of his opportunities and now occupies an enviable position in mercantile circles of Everett. He was born December 21, 1895, in Steelton, Pennsylvania, and when he was a child of three his parents, C. E. and E. (Brader) Monro, migrated to Washington. His father was connected with the electrical business in Seattle for many years and passed away in that city, in which the mother still resides. In the acquirement of an education S. J. Monro attended the public schools of Seattle and was afterward a student at the University of Washington. In 1917 he responded to the call to the colors and was assigned to duty in the ambulance corps. He went to France with the American Expeditionary Force and spent ten months in Europe. After the war he returned to Washington and worked along various lines. In April, 1923, he came to Everett and purchased the business of the Swift Drug Company, which he is now operating under the style of the Colby Drug Company. Mr. Monro has a fine store and enjoys a large patronage, which he has won by progressive methods, first class service and strict attention to business. In 1919 Mr. Monro was united in marriage to Miss N. La Mott of San Francisco, California, and they now have a son, J. R. Mr. Monro belongs to the American Legion and is nonpartisan in politics, voting according to the dictates of his judgment. He is still a young man with much of his life before him and his future is a most promising one, for he possesses those qualities which are indispensable to success in the business world of today. JOHN T. LINN For many years John T. Linn has been an active citizen of Snohomish county, having, through persistent and well directed energy, gained a comfortable position in life. He has pursued the even tenor. of his way in a quiet and unostentatious manner which never courts publicity, attending strictly to his own affairs, doing the right as he understands it and cooperating with his fellow citizens in all efforts to better the community in which he lives. Mr. Linn is a native of Sweden, born in 1873, and is a son of Charles and Hilda Linn, who spent their lives in that country. The son was reared at home and secured a public school education, attending school to some extent after coming to the United States in 1890. Locating in Chicago, he there remained until 1893, being employed at railroad work and on the street car lines. He then went to Kansas, where he farmed with an uncle several years. He next went to Cripple Creek, Colorado, where for a short time he worked in the mines, and then proceeded to Montana, where he was employed by the Anaconda Copper Company at Butte, Anaconda and Great Falls. In 1906 Mr. Linn came to Everett, Washington, where he remained until 1919, being employed at various occupations, including construction work. During three years of this HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 571 period, from 1909 to 1912, he rented a tract of farm land on what is known as the Marsh. He is now the owner of thirty acres of good land, which at the time of purchase had not been cleared and had no buildings on it. He has devoted himself indefatigably to the improvement of the place, of which he has cleared about eight acres and on which he has erected a substantial set of buildings. Here he carries on general farming, and also keeps a nice flock of chickens and a good herd of milk cows, shipping milk to Snohomish. Though his farm requires a great deal of his time, Mr. Linn still does considerable work in Everett. Idleness is entirely foreign to his nature and he does thoroughly and well whatever he undertakes, as the appearance of his farm indicates. In 1906, while living in Montana, Mr. Linn was married to Miss Elizabeth Anderson, who also is a native of Sweden, whence she came to the United States at the' age of eighteen years, locating in Omaha, Nebraska. She is the daughter of Nels and Charlotte Anderson, for whom Mr. Linn sent in 1914, having them come here to live. The mother died at Everett in 1918, and the father is now making his home with Mr. and Mrs. Linn, who have become parents of two children, Harold and Helen, both of whom are students in the Snohomish high school. Fraternally Mr. Linn is a member of Everett Aerie, No. 13, Fraternal Order of Eagles. Though coming to this country with limited financial resources, he has been imbued with a sturdy independence and a laudable ambition to succeed, and, by taking advantage of the splendid opportunites here, has worked his way steadily upward. He has also reached a position of respect and influence among his fellow citizens. AMOS R. HALL Amos R. Hall is one of the enterprising and prosperous farmers living in the vicinity of Marysville. His career has been marked by steady and persistent industry, without which success cannot be achieved in any line of effort, and today he is enjoying a very satisfactory measure of success. Mr. Hall was born in Republic county, Kansas, in 1878, and is a son of Rosselle W. and Electa (Collins) Hall, both of whom are now deceased. The father followed agricultural pursuits and Amos R. Hall was reared to the life of a farmer. He secured his education in the public schools of Kansas and Missouri. He then engaged in farming in Kansas, to which he devoted his attention until 1919, when he came to Marysville, Snohomish county, and bought the Hilton ranch of sixty-six acres, five acres of which he later sold. The sixty-one acres which he retains is well improved in every respect and here he is carrying on dairy farming and poultry raising, in both lines of which he has met with good results. His well cultivated fields yield good crops of hay and grain and all of the buildings on the place are of substantial character, well adapted to their respective uses. He has exercised sound judgment in all of his operations and is well deserving of the success which is crowning his efforts. In 1904 Mr. Hall was married to Miss Marie Beach, who was born in Elk county, Kansas, and they are the parents of the following children : Micca, David, Leo, William, Pearl, Ray and Olive. Mr. Hall is a republican in his political alignment and has always maintained a proper interest in public affairs. He has been deeply interested in educational matters and while living in Kansas served seventeen years as a member of the school board. Fraternally he is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and of the Modern Woodmen of America. He is of a fine type of citizen, broad-minded and public-spirited, and commands the respect of the entire community. FRANK 0. BRUSH Frank 0. Brush is a member of one of the old and prominent families of Granite Falls and ably continues the business founded by his father. A native of Michigan, he was born February 25, 1888, and was but a year old when his parents, Fred and Ida A. Brush, migrated to Washington. After a short stay in Seattle they moved to Snohomish county and the father entered a homestead near Granite Falls. He improved the tract, which he afterward sold, and then located in the town. He conducted a shoe store in Granite Falls until his death on July 16, 1912, and his widow is still a resident of this community. After his studies were completed Frank 0. Brush secured work in a mill and eventually became an expert shingle weaver. He followed that occupation until 1909, when he purchased an interest in a livery business at Granite Falls, and later went to Montana. He 572 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY entered a homestead and for three years his energies were devoted to the cultivation and improvement of the ranch. In 1912 he sold the land and returned to Granite Falls to take charge of his father's business, which he has successfully managed for thirteen years. He carries a full line of fine shoes and is one of the most progressive and reliable merchants in the town. On June 16, 1914, Mr. Brush married Miss Lena Scoene, of Lochloy, Washington, and to this union has been born a (laughter, June. Mr. Brush follows an independent course in politics and his fraternal affiliations are with the Eagles and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has spent much of his life in Granite Falls, in whose advancement he takes much personal pride, and his fellow townsmen are thoroughly appreciative of his ability and worth. T. H. ERICKSON T. H. Erickson is a dealer in electrical equipment and one of the capable and enterprising business men to whom Everett is indebted for its advancement and prosperity. A son of John and Annie Erickson, he was born April 20, 1886, and is a native of Dawson, Minnesota. His father has passed away and the mother is now a resident of Everett. Mr. Erickson received a public school education and his first position was in a bank. He was connected with financial affairs for four years and at Spokane, Washington, gained his first knowledge of the electrical business. Eventually he became an expert electrician and was employed in work of that character in various parts of the west. In 1919 he came -to Everett and purchased the business of the Electric Supply Company, which was incorporated in July of that year. It has since been conducted under the name of the Electric Supply House, of which Mr. Erickson is president and manager. He carries a large stock and also installs electrical equipment. He was awarded the contract for equipping two Catholic schools and the club rooms of the Knights of Columbus. He has wired a number of residences and his work has been of a most important character. He has a regular force of ten employes and conducts a business of large proportions. Mr. Erickson was united in marriage to Miss Dorothy Richards, formerly a resident of Aberdeen, Washington, and now a favorite in social circles of Everett. Mr. Erickson is a rep.iblican but has never aspired to public office. He is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce. He is deeply immersed in his business, to which he gives his best energies, and owes his success to a progressive spirit, a capacity for hard work, honest dealing, and the ability to meet and master situations. ROBERT C. PFUELLER The career of Robert C. Pfueller, whose name forms the caption to this memoir, was a strenuous and varied one. Mention should be made of him among the representative citizens of his day and generation in the county with which his life was so closely identified, for he was a definite factor in the development and improvement of the locality in which he lived. Although his record has been brought to a close by the inevitable fate which awaits all mankind, his influence still pervades the lives of those who knew him and who revere his memory. Robert C. Pfueller, who closed his eyes to earthly scenes in 1908, was a native of Saxony, Germany, born in 1857, and was a son of Chris Pfueller, who died when the son was but a boy. His widow later came to the United States and died here. Robert C. Pfueller secured his education in the public schools of his native land and then became a coal miner, holding a good position. In 1881 he went to Chicago, Illinois, where a brother-in-law, Henry Price, had a factory, also owning one in Kansas City, Missouri. He worked in the Chicago factory about a year and then went to the Kansas City factory, where he remained eight years. About 1890 he came to Washington, locating near the old baseball park in Snohomish. Soon afterward he bought a part of the present home place, to which he added later. The land was densely covered with timber and brush and a vast amount of work was required in preparing it for cultivation but Mr. Pfueller cleared about fifteen acres and in the course of time developed a splendid farm. For a number of years he also followed the carpenter's trade in this locality but in later years devoted his attention more fully to the operation of the farm. He was a good manager, exercising sound judgment in all of his affairs, and the success which crowned his efforts was well merited. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 573 In 1879, in Germany, Mr. Pfueller was married to Miss Augusta Hecker, also a native of Saxony, and a daughter of August and Christina (Decker) Hecker, who spent their entire lives in Saxony; where the father was a woodsman and logger. To Mr. and Mrs. Pfueller were born three children : Ida, the widow of E. F. Dexter, is living with her mother. Robert E., who was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and lives near the home place, is married and has a daughter, Viola. Fred, who lives on the home place, lost an arm in his boyhood, it being crushed between logs while he was working in the woods. Ida, who was born in Germany, was married in 1900 to E. F. Dexter, who was born in Minnesota in 1877, a son of A. W. and Emma J. (Green) Dexter. The Dexter family later went to South Dakota, where they took up a homestead, on which they lived until 1889, when they settled in Seattle, Washington. In 1898 E. F. Dexter came to Snohomish and was employed in shingle mills here for many years. Mr. and Mrs. Dexter moved to Idaho, where they remained about fifteen years, and in 1922 returned to Snohomish county, where Mr. Dexter's death occurred in 1924. Mrs. Dexter is now going into the chicken business on the home place. Mr. Pfueller was always deeply interested in everything pertaining to the welfare of his locality and rendered effective service as road supervisor. In the late '90s he did a good deal of fishing on the Snohomish river. He was a man of sociable and kindly nature, which made him popular with all who associated with him, and he was also a man of high moral character, so that he had the confidence and good will of all. He was indeed a manly man and the honor and esteem in which he was held by all who came into contact with him, whether in a business or social way, was but the just tribute to his personal worth. EMANUEL WORLUND Emanuel Worlund has been a resident of Snohomish county since 1907, although he first came to the northwest in 1897. He is now actively engaged in farming and at all times has led a busy and useful life. Emanuel Worlund was born in Finland on the 16th of March, 1870, and is a son of Mathias and Anna (Kronholm) Worlund. The father, who was a sailor, died in 1872, and the widowed mother then took her family to Sweden. One of her sons, Simon, came to the United States in 1882 and another son, John, in 1885, and in 1887 she and her son Emanuel crossed the Atlantic, all locating in Wood county, Wisconsin. The maternal grandfather, Emanuel Kronholm, came to WisConsin in 1885 and died there. For a number of years Emanuel Worlund worked in the woods and on farms in Wisconsin and in 1897 came to Snohomish county, soon afterwards going to Alaska, where he remained about a year. He then returned to Wisconsin, where he remained until 1907, when he went to Lowell, Snohomish county, and was employed as boom foreman in the Everett Co-operative Mill of Lowell. In 1909 he bought sixty-two and a half acres of land near Lake Stevens, of which he has cleared and has in cultivation about ten acres. He is engaged in the dairy business, keeping a good herd of high grade Guernsey cows. In 1893 Mr. Worlund was united in marriage to Miss Marie Gretta Kronholm, who also was born in Finland and whose death occurred October 10, 1925. To their union were born the following children : Arvid Simon, who is at home ; Arthur Gustave, who lives in Seattle ; Esther Amelia, the wife of Charles Harcus, of Bothell, Washington ; Wilbert and Evart F., in Seattle ; Helen, the wife of Fred Lunquist, of Everett ; Bernice, Carl and Agnes, who are at home ; and Oscar, deceased. Mr. Worlund is a republican nominally but in local elections he is independent of party lines, voting for the men whom he considers best qualified for public office. He served one term as a member of the school board. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and cooperates with his fellow agriculturists in every way possible for their mutual benefit. He is kindly in manner, straightforward in all his dealings and cordial in his social relations, so that throughout the community he is held in high regard. LEON W. HAMMOND No profession today requires more skill and scientific study than advertising. Leon W. Hammond, of Everett, measures up in full to its requirements and his achievements in this connection have brought him more than local prominence. He was born in Attica, New York, in 1869 and his parents, Oscar D. and Ellen A. (Walbridge) Hammond, are deceased. His father was a manufacturer and valiantly defended the Union cause during the Civil war. 574 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Leon W. Hammond received a public school education and also completed a course in a business college. His first experience along commercial lines was gained in the employ of his father, who was a manufacturer of harness and bicycles, and he afterward operated a plant of his own, making bicycles for some time. Later he turned his attention to the tobacco business and for seven years was engaged in the manufacture of cigars. In April, 1906, he came to Everett and embarked in the sign-painting business in partnership with N. J. Craigue, also handling wall paper. They were associated for two years and later the firm of Hammond & Paschke was formed. This relationship was maintained for ten years and the subject of this sketch has since been sole owner of the business with the exception of one year, during which lie was a member of the firm of Hammond & Keith. Mr. Hammond specializes in outdoor advertising and covers this part of the state. His establishment at No. 2922 Rockefeller avenue is twenty-five by one hundred and twenty-five feet in dimensions and the most complete shop of the kind on the coast. He is the acknowledged leader in this field and also conducts a school of sign writing for the Young Men's Christian Association. He taught penmanship for five years in the Acme Business College of Everett and is a handwriting expert of note. He has been chosen to establish the authenticity of numerous documents and has given testimony in cases of this nature in all parts of the west. In 1898 Mr. Hammond married Miss Catharine Higgins, of New York, and to this union has been born a daughter, Carolyn, who resides at home. Mr. Hammond is a republican where national issues are concerned but casts an independent local ballot. He is a Kiwanian and has served as commander of the Sons of Veterans. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and his fraternal connections are with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Mr. Hammond is a high-minded man, who has conscientiously discharged life's duties and responsibilities, and what he has accomplished represents the fit utilization of his innate powers and talents. DAVID F. SEXTON Among the honored and influential pioneer citizens of Snohomish county who took an active part in laying firm and broad the foundation upon which the commonwealth of Washington was erected should be included the man whose name forms the title of this biographical record. The pioneer spirit has run strong and deep in his family for many generations, leaving its impress upon the frontier history of this country from the memorable flood of immigration which swept across the Alleghanies during the latter part of the eighteenth century to the arrival of the Sexton family upon Puget Sound a hundred years later. David F. Sexton was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, April 1, 1838, a descendant of one of the Buckeye state's earliest white families. Joseph Sexton, the father, was born in Ohio, February 16, 1808. He was the son of Zadok Sexton, formerly from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Nancy (Enoch) Sexton, of Ohio. He learned the blacksmith's trade, spending seven years as an apprentice. Be it remembered that in those early pioneer days the blacksmith not only had to manufacture his horseshoes and nails but also farm implements generally, such as axes, hoes, plows, wagons, etc. In Ohio he was married February 12, 1829, and there worked at his trade and farmed until 1842, when he removed with his family, in his covered wagon, to Jasper county, Indiana. That section was then new and sparsely settled. He bought a tract of government land, built a home, and there resided, working at his trade principally but farming as a side issue on a limited scale until the year 1851. At this time a severe and prolonged spell of the typhoid fever so undermined his health that he was compelled to give up working at his trade. Subsequently he did contract work for some years in the building of Indiana's first railroad in that section of the country—the New Albany & Salem—and public state work. After 1859 his time was principally occupied in accompanying his wife and assisting in her religious work. In 1870 they went to Kansas, where his death occurred near Fredonia, Wilson county, October 21, 1878. David F. Sexton's mother, who passed away in Seattle, December 15, 1894, at the advanced age of ninety-five years, was a distinguished woman. Rev. Lydia Sexton, or "Mother Sexton," as she was familiarly and affectionately known, was born April 12, 1799, in Sussex county, now Rockport, New Jersey, and preached for nearly fifty years of her long, useful life. She was a cousin of Bishop Matthew Simpson, and a granddaughter of Marquis Anthony Cozot, the name being later corrupted to Casad. This nobleman took possession of a grant of land along the lower Mississippi early in the eighteenth century, founding an American branch of his family whose members are scattered throughout the different states. He abandoned his grant upon, the sale of Louisiana in 1803 and died in New Jersey, leaving nine children, among MR. AND MRS. DAVID F. SEXTON AND THEIR RESIDENCE HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 577 whom was Rev. Thomas Casad, a Baptist clergyman, the father of Lydia Casad. In 1814, at the age of fifteen, left an orphan, this intrepid girl went to Ohio and in that far off northwestern outpost of civilization grew to womanhood, learning the glovemaking and tailoring trades. When quite a young woman she was married to Isaac Cox, who died shortly afterward, and in 1824 she was again married, this time to Joseph Moore. Her second husband lived only a few months. On the 12th of September, 1829, she was united in marriage to Joseph Sexton at Jacksonborough, Ohio, with whom she lived nearly fifty years, or until his death, October 21, 1878. In 1834, after much anxious thought, she united with the church of the United Brethren in Christ and was baptized in the Miami river, at Dayton, Ohio. In those days women's privileges, in both church and state, were very greatly restricted, and such a thing as women's preaching was almost unheard of and would by many have been regarded as next to an unpardonable sin. Yet, notwithstanding, she was impressed with the consciousness that it was her bounden duty to preach the gospel. While this sense of duty bore so heavily upon her mind that she could have no peace of conscience, the opposition of her family caused her to defer responding to this urgent call of duty until the year 1850, when by the urgent importunities of a young man, a neighbor, she was induced to give consent for the announcement of an appointment for her to preach. This service was largely attended. After this she had many invitations from various localities throughout the country to give an appointment, to which she responded so far as consistency would permit. After several months a leader in her local class told the membership that they were neglecting a duty—that they should give an expression for, or against, their approval of Sister Sexton's preaching. The vote was unanimous for approval. Soon after this the following action was taken: "This is to certify that Lydia Sexton is an approved minister of the gospel among us, the United Brethren in Christ. This is given at a quarterly conference held for Iroquois Circuit, Illinois Conference, this 3d day of May, 1851. (Signed) Josiah Terrill, Presiding Elder." This was renewed January 17, 1852, Josiah Terrill, Presiding Elder ; and again on the following dates : August 4, 1854, James Griffith, Presiding Elder ; February, 1855, Joseph Manning, Presiding Elder ; January 19, 1856, and June 13, 1857, W. C. Smith, Presiding Elder ; January 2, 1858, James Griffith, Presiding Elder. At the annual conference held at Parrysville, Indiana, the following action was taken : "Whereas Sister Lydia Sexton is regarded among us as a Christian lady of useful gifts as a pulpit speaker, and whereas she has been laboring among us in the gospel of Christ ; therefore, resolved, that we, the members of the Upper Wabash conference of the United Brethren in Christ, do hereby recommend her to the churches as a useful helper in the work of Christ. (Signed) T. Cowgill, Secretary ; David Edwards, Bishop." As an evangelist, her labors were crowned with remarkable success, and the converts during her ministerial labors in Indiana, Ohio, Illinois and Kansas, and to a limited extent in Iowa, Missouri, New York and New Jersey, were far up in the hundreds. In the year 1870, much to her surprise, she was appointed by Governor Harvey as chaplain of the Kansas penitentiary, which position she accepted upon condition that Mr. Sexton, her husband, accompany her. Her first sermon in the penitentiary was on the last Sabbath of January, 1870. At that time she was almost seventy-one years of age. No doubt her motherly and sympathetic tenderness awoke in many a criminal's breast the love he bore for his own mother. In her report she said : "From the beginning of my labors in the prison I have been very busy in ascertaining the religious status of every convict. This required great care and prudence, and much time. In the beginning, while there were about fifteen professed Christians, there was no class organization. On November 17, 1870, my class book foots up eighty-two members. Of these there were two exhorters, four class leaders and five studying for the ministry." In 1870 she was appointed by the directors of the penitentiary a delegate to the prison congress at Cincinnati, Ohio, to convene October 11. She was the only woman who addressed that distinguished body. The warden, Major H. Hopkins, in his report November, 1870, made the following allusion to the chaplain's report : "The moral and religious status of the prison I will leave for our most devoted chaplain, Mrs. Lydia Sexton, to report in full." As her husband could not feel content to remain there, and as she felt there was work for her outside, early in the year 1871 she tendered her resignation as chaplain of the penitentiary. A year or two later, when Kansas was suffering great distress owing to successive crop failures, by request she traveled throughout the east in behalf of the destitute, meeting with much success in this benevolent mission. Among other donations forwarded was at one time a car load of flour for those stricken people. In 1889 she came from Kansas to Seattle with her son, Joseph Z. Sexton, and family. She preached frequently and journeyed considerably until 1892, when failing eyesight compelled her to abandon further active work. The last year of her life she was entirely blind but still possessed unusual control of her faculties. By her earnest, faithful and long continued labors for the uplift of humanity, she exerted a great 578 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and enduring influence for good. At the time of her death she was the oldest woman preacher in the United States. It might be noted that her brother, Abner Casad, and her maternal ancestors, the Tingleys, fought in America's early wars, the latter in the Revolutionary war and the former in the War of 1812. Her four sons took part in the war of the rebellion. Only one member of her family survives her—the subject of this review. As a boy, David F. Sexton attended the common schools of Jasper county, Indiana, and thus acquired his elementary education. Desiring to secure a more liberal education, after reaching manhood's estate, he took a course in the normal school at Burnettsville, Indiana, and also for a time attended Hartsville University, at Hartsville, Indiana. While pursuing his higher studies and for a number of years afterward he engaged in teaching in the Hoosier state and was recognized as a successful member of his profession. He also taught several terms after he became a resident of Kansas. On November 19, 1867, Miss Orra J. Downing became the bride of Mr. Sexton, both at that time being residents of Indiana. Mrs. Sexton was born in Tippecanoe county, Indiana, August 30, 1842, of pioneer American stock. Her parents, John H. and Sarah (Knight) Downing, were among the earliest pioneers of Tippecanoe county, having settled there after journeying from Ohio in the year of their marriage, 1829. They lived on the old homestead for more than half a century, Mrs. Downing's death occurring there in 1885, at the age of seventy-six, and Mr. Downing's death in 1888, at the age of eighty years. In 1870 Mr. and Mrs. Sexton migrated to Wilson county, Kansas, locating on the Osage Diminished Reserve, owned at the time by the Osage Indians. (A treaty with the Indians by the government was then in progress.) After locating, they at once proceeded to transform a portion of Kansas' beautiful prairie into a productive farm and a good home. But after several years, finding the malarial climate not conducive to their health, they sold their farm, with the Puget Sound country in view, hoping to find it more healthful and therefore more enjoyable. On May 13, 1878, with their mule team and accompanied by John M. Robbins, now of Monroe, they started for Puget Sound, with no particular locality in view. The journey was by no means a monotonous one, as there was much in the way of occurrences and of scenery both to interest and instruct. When starting they were accompanied by seven families with ten teams, all bound for eastern Washington. There being a large emigration to eastern Washington that year, their company was soon augmented so that not infrequently there were twenty to thirty teams in the train. When they reached the vicinity of Pendleton, Oregon, their company was diminished to two teams. For lack of wagon roads they could drive only as far as Olympia, Washington, where they arrived October 4. There Mr. and Mrs. Sexton, with the wagons, boarded a steamer for Seattle aNd thence took passage on the steamer Fanny Lake, commanded by Captain Hill, for Snohomish, where they arrived October 7, 1878. Near Green River, Wyoming, their company was joined by George Udell of Park Place, Snohomish county, who had been visiting his old home in Michigan and was returning to Park Place with a wagon and four horses. Later he was accompanied by Jacob Spangler of Wilson county, Kansas. From Olympia, John M. Robbins, George Udell and Jacob Spangler brought the mules and horses, much of the way over a very difficult trail, to Snohomish, arriving October 10, where Ansel Hurlburt assisted in swimming the animals across the river, there being no bridges. Mr. and Mrs. Sexton decided to locate in the vicinity of Snohomish and accordingly purchased a tract of unimproved land on the Pilchuck river and moved on to it in February, 1879. By industry and perseverance they converted a portion of the wilderness into a pleasant and desirable home, where they are still living, and they have never regretted their transfer from Wilson county, Kansas, to Snohomish county, Washington. During the first few years of his residence in this county Mr. Sexton did considerable freighting for his neighbors, for logging camps and the old Morgan mill. Because of the interest he manifested in fruit culture, Mr. Sexton was honored y election to the presidency of the Snohomish County Horticultural Association, which position he occupied for a number of years. Fraternally he is identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is a charter member of the 0. P. Morton Post, No. 10, Grand Army of the Republic, by virtue of having served in the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry. However, in consequence of ill health, he was not long in the army. He was one of the original trustees of the G. A. R. Cemetery Association, a position which he has held continuously, with the exception of two years, since its organization in 1898. He was also a charter member of Garden City Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry and master during the first two terms. He cast his ballot for Abraham Lincoln for president in 1860 and has since been identified with the republican party. He has been connected with the Snohomish Methodist church since its organization, and during the entire life of the society has served on its board of trustees. Mr. Sexton and his wife have contributed their share to the upbuilding of Snohomish county, and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 579 are today respected and esteemed by neighbors, friends and acquaintances for their sterling personal qualities of mind and heart and for what they have done toward the advancement of the community. With their fellow pioneers, Mr. and Mrs. Sexton endured the hardships and dangers of the times, but faced them cheerfully. Of his two hundred acre ranch in the beautiful Pilchuck valley, Mr. Sexton still owns about eighty acres. Along with general farming, he devoted especial attention to dairying and fruit raising, his dairy herd being a choice collection of Jerseys. At the present time, however, he is living practically retired on one fifteen acre tract kept for his home. C. W. MONTGOMERY C. W. Montgomery, the capable and efficient secretary of the Everett Star Motor Company, of Everett, and a veteran of the World war, was born on the 28th of December, 1894, at Lincoln, Nebraska, and is the son of Irvin E. and Stella (Bartz) Montgomery. His father was for many years employed in railroad service but is now retired and is living in Topeka, Kansas. The son secured his educational training in the public schools of his native city and then learned the machinist's trade, at which he worked at various places in Kansas and Nebraska. In December, 1917, he enlisted in the United States navy and rendered effective service until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged. He then went to the Naval Hospital at Bremerton, Washington, where he was employed as assistant engineer until 1922. In that year he came to Everett and became identified with the Everett Star Motor Company, which had been organized by F. C. Sheraton, and which is engaged in selling Durant and Star cars. In 1926 Mr. Montgomery, with Frank Sorenson and L. M. Curtice, bought the business and are now operating it. Mr. Montgomery, who was vice president of the company, became secretary under the reorganization and is now serving in that capacity. This company has a fine salesroom, fifty by one hundred and ten feet, at 2719-21 Colby street, and a repair and service station at Hoyt and California avenues, and is enjoying a marked degree of prosperity. On the 12th of January, 1922, Mr. Montgomery was married to Miss Peggy Crossman, who was born at Ely, Minnesota. Mr. Montgomery is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and his political alignment is with the republican party. By his earnest and indomitable efforts, he has attained an enviable place in the business circles of his adopted city, besides winning the confidence and esteem of those with whom he has come into contact, in either a business or a social way, and stands today among the representative young men of his community. EDWARD IVERSON Edward Iverson, a successful farmer and dairyman residing in the vicinity of Stanwood, was born in Olympia, Thurston county, Washington, on the 26th of December, 1882, his parents being 0. B. and Maria (Danielson) Iverson, both natives of Norway. Hon. 0. B. Iverson, now of Olympia, Washington, formerly of Stanwood, is among that section's notable pioneer leaders to whom Snohomish county will ever owe a debt of gratitude for public services. He was born September 14, 1845, on an estate known as Borsheim, Ulvik Hardanger, in Norway. In 1857 his parents immigrated to Big Canoe, Winneshiek county, Iowa, the lad of twelve accompanying them to the new home selected across the sea. The next few years he spent as did most boys of his age and circumstances, rapidly acquiring a knowledge of and .a love for American institutions, and laying firm the foundations for his future usefulness. The month of September, 1862, witnessed his enlistment in Company D, Sixth Iowa Cavalry, for a term of three years, or until the end of the war. To the intense disgust of this regiment, it was sent to protect the Dakota and Montana frontiers from Indian ravages, remaining on such duty until mustered out in September, 1865. Returning to his home on the Big Canoe, Iowa, Mr. Iverson resumed the pursuits of peace with as much ardor and faithfulness as he had displayed in taking up the sword for the preservation of the Union and the protection of the frontier settlements. Not only did he labor with renewed earnestness and optimism as a single unit of the republic for which he had fought and sacrificed so generously, but he became a leader of acknowledged force and fervent patriotism among his fellows. After his marriage in 1866, he purchased and settled upon a farm in Iowa. His first crop was destroyed by a hailstorm, leaving him nearly bankrupt but with characteristic fortitude and perseverance he packed his few belongings and with a yoke of steers to haul them, set out for the northern frontier. 580 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY At the end of a three hundred mile journey across the plains he took, as a homestead, land upon which East Sioux Falls, South Dakota, now stands. He assisted in organizing Minne- haha county in 1869, and was elected to and served in the territorial legislature during the years 1869-70. He also served as the first treasurer and probate judge of Minnehaha county and was appointed clerk of the United States district court. While residing in Sioux Falls, Mr. Iverson opened a farm, built and operated a sawmill, burned lime, practiced law, surveyed government land, held court and collected taxes, in addition to his more ambitious public services, thus demonstrating his intense energy, varied abilities and undoubted capacity for leadership. He was appointed commissioner of immigration in the year 1874 and as such made a trip to Europe, visiting his old home. It was on this trip that he found Peter Leque and induced him to come to Dakota, whence he later removed to Stanwood. The year 1874 was a grasshopper year, and, as in the case of many others, Mr. Iverson's confidence in Dakota was so seriously shaken by the disaster that he decided to once again go in quest of a more congenial home. Puget sound attracted his attention so strongly that in January, 1875, he started for the Pacific, reaching Olympia on the 10th of March. Writing in the Washington Posten regarding conditions obtaining on the sound at that period, Mr. Iverson gives some interesting and graphic information. Indeed, he is a writer oi ability whose articles have attracted wide notice. "When I first saw the enchanting shores of Puget sound," writes Mr. Iverson, "Seattle was a sawdust village with about five thousand inhabitants. The whole merchandise of the town did not equal the stock of two of its houses today. Tacoma was unborn. Steilacoom, which has not been subject to change, was a place of importance. Whatcom and Fairhaven were diagrams on the map and a memory. Olympia was the capital and not much else. Snohomish county had perhaps a little more than five hundred inhabitants. Everett's inhabitants were Ned Cromer and his telegraph instruments. The only reliable transportation between Seattle and Bellingham bay was by dugout, run by squaw power. Time required for the trip, about a week. Snohomish county had less than twenty miles of wagon road and perhaps ten wagons. The only reliable transportation facilities the pioneer had were his own broad back, unless perchance he owned a canoe and a squaw. Few of the Norse pioneers were owners of the last named class of transportation. In fact, when speaking of our early Norse settlers mention of that method might altogether have been left out of account. But they had the backbone . . . Those who believe that the pioneer is, and must be, as a result of the strenuous life he leads, a pure and simple materialist, are in error. On the contrary, he is generally an idealist of the purest type. He loves his surroundings, his work and his friends with an intensity little understood within the precincts of alleged civilization. He will risk his comfort and even risk his life for a friend—yes, even for a stranger—with less hesitation than a city man would lend his friend a dollar. The pioneer is hospitable, honorable, energetic, enterprising and public-spirited. He is a hero and a gentleman." Again, Mr. Iverson writes : "Soon after my arrival I joined a surveying party and landed at Centerville (now Stanwood). With this survey I went over the greater portion of the Stillaguamish valley. The country looked good to me. I advised a number of my friends to come and take land—which they did. The advice was good (I could always advise others better than myself)." As a matter of fact, Mr. Iverson is credited with being the chief leader in the movement of Scandinavians toward this select section of Snohomish county which followed the survey. Certain it is that he induced scores to locate there and was unusually active in bringing the Stillaguamish valley into public notice. Together with N. P. Leque, Nils Eide and A. Danielson, Mr. Iverson bought the island now known as Leque's island, diked it and opened farms, which are notable monuments to the foresight, zeal and courage of those men. In 1876-77, Mr. Iverson and E. C. Ferguson represented Snohomish county in the territorial legislature. As a delegate, the former attended many territorial conventions in those early years, when Washington's political parties were "in the bornin'," and mould was being given to the commonwealth's future career Olympia became his home in 1882, and there he followed business pursuits successfully until his removal to Whatcom in 1884, where he engaged in surveying and engineer work for the government, railroads and the general public. He pursued his profession as a citizen of Whatcom until 1891, then took up his abode in Seattle. During the years 1892 and 1893 he served as draughtsman in the United States surveyor general's office at Olympia, and in 1894 and 1895 was superintendent of the Queen City Mining Company. The following two years he passed at the old Stanwood home in taking a much needed rest. Again, in 1899, Mr. Iverson entered the surveyor general's office at Olympia as a draughtsman. He is identified with George H. Thomas Post No. 5, of which he is commander. At Olympia, as in bygone years at Sioux Falls, Stanwood, Whatcom and Seattle, the gallant Norse veteran, faithful official and pioneer leader is today accorded the befitting position to which he has attained by manly effort and by reason of his rich endowments of heart and mind. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 581 In March, 1866, Maria Danielson became the wife of Mr. Iverson. To this union fourteen children have been born, of whom six are living : Mrs. Bertha Leque, who owns the old home ranch at Stanwood; Frank, a resident of McCarthy, Alaska ; Anna, who is a graduate of Columbia University and is now engaged in teaching school at Springfield, Massachusetts ; Edward, of this review ; Mrs. F. 0. Kreager, of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, whose husband received the Doctor's degree at Harvard University in 1925 and is now doing extension work in the state of Louisiana ; and Mrs. Alvin Morrison, who resides at Olympia, Washington. Edward Iverson, whose name introduces this article, received his early education at Olympia, Washington, and was employed in the Olympia National Bank for two years prior to pursuing a course of study in a business college at Portland, Oregon. He had attained his majority when in 1904 he came to Stanwood and purchased ninety-six acres of tidewater land on Camano island, eight miles west of the city. He was one of the pioneers on the island, which as yet boasted no road. Edward Iverson carried cream on his back for a distance of two and one-half miles to the nearest road—McEachern's Corners. He erected a substantial barn and commodious residence on his ranch, whereon he lived for a period of nineteen years, raising good crops of hay and oats and also conducting a dairy. He still owns the property, which is devoted to the cultivation of oats and hay and to cattle raising. It was in 1923, in order that his children might have better educational advantages, that he moved to Stanwood and leased the Peter Leque ranch, the property of his sister, Mrs. Bertha Leque. He milks twelve good grade Holstein cows and has thirty head of cattle all told. He is a member of the Dairy Association. Mr. Iverson annually raises large crops of hay and grain and is widely recognized as a successful and representative agriculturist of Snohomish county. On the 24th of June, 1907, Edward Iverson was united in marriage to Lena Konnerup, a native of Denmark and a (laughter of Rasmus and Andrea (Christensen) Konnerup, also natives of that country. The father crossed the Atlantic to the United States in 1888 and after two years' residence in southern California made his way to Bothell, King county, Washington, in 1890. At the latter place he engaged in farming for three or four years, while during the succeeding decade he conducted a general merchandise store at Edmonds, Snohomish county. On disposing of his mercantile interests he took up his abode on Camano island, where in 1906 he purchased two hundred acres of land and engaged in farming until about 1915. At the latter date he sold the ranch and removed to Seattle, where he bought a large apartment building and continued to reside throughout the remainder of his life. He passed away on the 30th of May, 1920, but is still survived by his widow, who makes her home at Granite Falls, Washington. Rasmus Konnerup, who was twice married, had three children by his first wife : Mrs. Lorena Johnson, a resident of Stanwood, Washington ; Sofus, living in Oakland, California; and Mrs. Lena (Konnerup) Iverson. The two children born to Rasmus Konnerup and his second wife were : Nels, who lives in Alaska ; and Mary, who died at the age of seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Edward' Iverson have two children : Edward, Jr., who was born in Stanwood on the 29th of March, 1908, and is a senior in the high school ; and Oliver B., who was born on Camano island on the 18th of November, 1910, and is a grammar school pupil. Mr. Iverson is a progressive republican in politics and has always manifested an active and helpful interest in the good roads movement and in the cause of education. He assisted in the organization of the Triangle Bay school district on Camano island and served it for fifteen years. He is a worthy exemplar of the teachings and pu:poses of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Stanwood Lodge No. 19, F. & A. M., while both he and his wife are members of Eastern Star Chapter No. 76 at Stanwood. Mr. and Mrs. Iverson are widely and favorably known, the circle of their friends being almost coextensive with the circle of their acquaintance. ALBERT PAYNE The gentleman whose name heads this sketch has long enjoyed prestige as a leading citizen of the community in which he resides and has been an important factor in its welfare and prosperity. His prominence in the community is the legitimate result of his ability and his high character and in every relation of life he has so discharged his duties as to earn the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Payne is a native of the state of Missouri, born in 1859, and is a son of Elkanah and Charlotte (La Count) Payne, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Delaware. After their marriage they located in Ohio, moving later to Indiana, and finally to Grant county, Missouri, where the father engaged in farming, and also followed his trade, that of wheelwright. 582 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Albert Payne attended the public schools of Missouri, completing his education in Grand River College. When twenty-two years of age he engaged in railroad work, and later went to Grand Island, Nebraska, where lie was employed on grade and construction work. Afterwards lie went to Evanston, Wyoming, where he did grade work for a time but later sold his outfit and entered railroad service, first as fireman and later as engineer, in which latter capacity he worked for many years. He was a resident of Wyoming for twenty-six years, living at Piedmont and Evanston the greater part of that time, and in 1904 he took his family to Oregon, locating in the Willamette valley. Shortly afterwards he again engaged in railroad work, but, because of the failure of his wife's health, came to Snohomish county in 1906. For three years he was employed as engineer in the Iverson shingle mill. Excepting two years' residence in Snohomish, he has lived on his present place since coming to this county. About two acres of the land was cleared when he took possession of it and he now has twelve acres cleared and in cultivation. He carries on general farming and gives particular attention to dairying, in which he has met with very gratifying success. In 1880, in Missouri, Mr. Payne was married to Miss Carrie H. Benson, who is a native of New York state and a daughter of Samuel and Anna Benson, also natives of that state. The father went to Nebraska where he took up a homestead and became a successful farmer and respected citizen. Mr. and Mrs. Payne have seven children : Lyman, an engineer residing in Ogden, Utah, is married and has one child ; Charles, who lives at White Horse Beach, Whidbey island, is married and has one child ; Mrs. Lottie Fox, of Glacier, Whatcom county, Washington, is the mother of three children ; Elias is in Snohomish ; Byron is engaged in teaching in Skykomish, King county ; Mrs. Olive Pigort, of Stanwood, this county, is the mother of three children ; Dean lives in Boston. Mr. Payne is a member of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers' Association. Fraternally he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. He has always been deeply interested in the general welfare of his community and while living at Piedmont, Wyoming, was a member of the school board, while since coming to Snohomish county he served for three years as a member of the school board of the Roosevelt district. He was largely instrumental in securing telephone service for his community and in many ways has showed a public-spirited interest in the prosperity and welfare of his fellow citizens. Though unostentatious in manlier, he is a man of strong personality, energetic and businesslike in his methods and progressive in his ideas. He has won a host of warm and loyal friends and the consensus of public opinion places him with the representative citizens of his adopted county. EDWIN C. WARNER Edwin C. Warner, one of the old and highly esteemed citizens of Everett, has led a useful and honorable life—a life characterized by energy, perseverance, loyalty and well defined purpose. A native of Northfield, Connecticut, he was born on the 15th of July, 1846, and he is a son of Chauncey and Ellen (Tuttle) Warner. His father was for many years a traveling salesman for the Seth Thomas Clock Company but in 1849 he moved to Wisconsin, buying a tract of land near Baraboo, Sauk county, where he engaged in farming and there spent his remaining years. Edwin C. Warner received his education in the public schools of Sauk county and then read law in the office of John F. Blake, being admitted to the bar in 1886. He located at Webster, South Dakota, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession until 1902, when he came to Everett, Washington, and has practiced here to the present time. He also handles farm and timber land to some extent and gives some attention to the pension business. From 1915 to 1919 he was commandant of the Soldiers' Home at Orting, Washington. On December 17, 1869, Mr. Warner was married to Miss Alice Brier, who was a native of Baraboo, Wisconsin, and whose death occurred March 11, 1920. To this union were born the following children : Cora, who is the wife of C. P. Spriestersbach, of Everett, mentioned elsewhere in this work ; Carrie, who lives in Arlington and is the widow of Harry E. Hart ; Emma, the wife of H. N. Bouley, of Olympia, Washington ; and Evelyn, the wife of T. W. Elliott, president of the Flathead Grocery Company, of Montana. Mr. Warner has been a lifelong supporter of the democratic party and has ever taken a deep interest in all matters affecting the public welfare. Fraternally he is connected with the Masons, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Grand Army of the Republic, the last-named affiliation being due to the fact that on April 7, 1864, Mr. Warner enlisted as a member of Company E, Fortieth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until late in that same year, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 583 when he was honorably discharged because of physical disability. Always calm and dignified, never demonstrative, his life has been, nevertheless, a persistent plea, more by example than by spoken word, for the purity and grandeur of right principles and the beauty and elevation of wholesome character. In every respect he merits the high esteem in which he is universally held, for he is a man of fine public spirit, intellectual attainments and exemplary character. HAROLD W. ILLMAN Among the men of foresight, enterprise and ability who have made Snohomish county known throughout the country as a center of the poultry industry is numbered Harold W. Illman, one of the foremost ranchers of the Sultan district and a member of a family that has made valuable contribution toward the development of this part of the state. He was born in 1900 on the ranch on which he now resides, and his parents were William H. and Lucy (Wells) Inman. His mother was born in Chicago and during her childhood was brought to Washington by her parents, Alpheus and Ellen (Soule) Wells, who settled in Cowlitz county, Washington. A member of the Soule family was a Union spy and one of the heroes of the Civil war. Mr. Wells was engaged in the manufacture of shingles and his demise occurred in 1903, when he was seventy years of age. William H. Inman was born August 3, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was a son of William Illman, Jr., who was a native of England, born January 1, 1819. He printed the first postage stamp in the United States. His father, William Illman, Sr., was also a well known printer and issued the first illustrated children's books in this country. Martha (Adams) Illman, the mother of William H. Illman, was a member of the John 0. Adams family of New York and was called to her final rest in 1866, when forty-four years of age. She had reared a family of eight children, of whom William H. Illman was the sixth in order of birth. He was educated in his native city and as a young man went to Canada. He taught for four years in the province of Ontario and his adventurous spirit led him to Australia. After a stay of six months in the Antipodes he boarded a vessel bound for the United States, working for his passage, and next became foreman for the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company. While the incumbent of that position he exploded twenty thousand pounds of powder, the largest blast ever fired on the road. He acted in that capacity for a year and then took a trip up the Skykomish river, filing on a claim two and a half miles east of Sultan. He was the first white settler in the neighborhood and experienced many trials and hardships. He brought his supplies from Snohomish by canoe and during the winter of 1883-4, when the river was frozen, subsisted on flour and game. While clearing his land he engaged in the logging business and also added to his income by teaching school at Sultan and Startup. He was a successful educator and followed the profession for a period of twenty years after coming to Washington. He bought government land in the district between Sultan and Startup and cleared a tract of thirty-five acres, bringing the lumber up the river in a canoe for his first house. He engaged in the growing of fruit and the breeding of registered Jersey cattle. Mr. Illman was married in October, 1889, to Miss Lucy Wells and they became the parents of six children : William J., the oldest, went to France with the American Expeditionary Force and is now living in California. He is married and has two children. Alpheus served in the Marine Corps during the World war and resides in Seattle. He is married and has one child. Adeline is the wife of I. C. Nelson, of Seattle, and has become the mother of two children. Walter R. enlisted in the Canadian army during the conflict with Germany and was in the service for two years. He married Miss Maude Peterson, of Sultan, and has two children. Harold W. is the next in order of birth and Winston completes the family. The father was connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and maintained an independent course in politics, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. He was deeply interested in educational matters and served on the school board. He was the populist candidate for the office of county school superintendent but resigned because of party fusion and was also active in road donation work. He was a friend of "Sultan John" and other Indians of local prominence and was well informed on matters pertaining to the history of this section of the state. He was a man of the highest worth and his death in November, 1923, was deeply mourned. Harold W. Illman supplemented his public school education by two years' attendance at the University of Washington and there received instruction in military tactics. He enlisted in the United States army and received overseas orders but was not sent to the front owing to the signing of the armistice. He now resides in the Illman homestead and operates a portion of the ranch in partnership with his brother, Walter R., who has built a new home on the place. 584 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY They have cleared ninety acres of the property which they are constantly improving, and have fifty acres planted to oats. They raise berries of various kinds and conduct a small dairy. Their time is given chiefly to the poultry industry, of which they have made a deep study, and their ability and enterprise have won for them a position of leadership in this field. They specialize in White Leghorns and are the largest shippers to the Everett branch of the Washington Poultry Association. They have thirty-five hundred laying hens and in the spring of 1926 hatched seven thousand chicks. They have installed the most modern equipment and are planning to increase their flock to fifteen thousand hens. On May 19, 1923, Mr. Inman married Miss Stella Hess, a native of Minnesota and a daughter of P. L. and Daisy (Evans) Hess, pioneer settlers of that state. They migrated to Snohomish county, Washington, in 1905 and Mr. Hess is now a resident of Startup but his wife passed away in 1918 during the influenza epidemic. To Mr. and Mrs. Illman has been born a son, Thomas Wells. Mr. Illman belongs to the local post of the American Legion and is also a member of the state associations of poultry raisers and dairymen. He has made good use of his opportunities and his rapidly developing powers have carried him into important relations. He is a young man of exemplary character and has a large and ever widening circle of sincere friends. W. J. REQUA Prominent among the successful business men of Everett stands W. J. Requa, who is at the head of the Coast Grocery & Meat Company, at 1202 Hewitt avenue. He has attained prosperity by persistent and well directed industry and right business principles and is worthy of the confidence and respect of the people. Mr. Requa was born in Austin, Minnesota, on the 12th of July, 1873, and is a son of S. J. and Cecelia (Henry) Requa. The father, who was a bridge builder, brought the family to Everett in 1900, but later the parents moved to Seattle, where both died. W. J. Requa attended the public schools, supplementing that by an extension course with the University of Wisconsin. He then taught school for two years, at the end of which time he went to work for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, with which company he remained until 1900, when he came to Everett. He was first employed here as a clerk in a grocery store, where he remained for awhile, and then worked in the postoffice seven years. In 1909 he bought out the McFall Grocery Company, and he and his partners continued the business under the firm name of Requa, Tonotillotte & Bartlett. Subsequently Mr. Requa purchased the interests of his partners and has since conducted the store under the name of the Coast Grocery & Meat Company, doing both a wholesale and a retail business. He employs five people and the trade has had a steady and continuous growth under his management. In September, 1904, Mr. Requa was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Sheehan, a native of Ontario, Canada, and they are now parents of four children : Earl, who is assisting his father in business, Parker, Homer and Mildred. Politically Mr. Requa is a stanch republican, while fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Foresters and the Knights of Columbus. He belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce, to the Merchants Association, of which he was chairman, and the Everett Business Men's Association, of which he is a director. In all movements affecting in ally way the prosperity or progress of the city he has shown an effective interest, cooperating in all efforts to upbuild Everett. He conducts his business in accord with the highest standards of commercial ethics, so that all who have dealt with him have been added to his list of friends. CHESTER HANSON Of sturdy Scandinavian stock, Chester Hanson came to the northwest well equipped to cope with pioneer conditions, enduring many hardships and privations. He was formerly connected with the fishing industry and is now identified with logging operations on the Snohomish river, acting as boom tender. He was born in Wisconsin in 1862 and his father, Ole Hanson, was a native of Norway. He came to the United States, bringing his family, making the voyage in a sailing vessel which was nine weeks and three days in crossing the ocean. He settled on the Rock river in Illinois and afterward journeyed to Wisconsin by means of an ox-team and wagon. He established his home in an isolated district and hewed a farm out of the wilderness. Hudson, the nearest town, was twenty miles distant and two days were consumed in securing supplies. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 585 Mr. Hanson lost his mother when he was a child. He was reared on his father's farm and attended the district school near his home. He was afterward employed in the lumber woods of Wisconsin and then came to Washington, first locating in Tacoma. From 1891 until 1894 he worked in the lumber woods and on a pile driver in the vicinity of that city and during the season also engaged in gill-net fishing on the sound and on the rivers in this part of the state. He next purchased a gasoline launch and trolled for salmon in the region of Cape Flattery. He twice went to Alaska with his own outfit and for two years engaged in salmon trolling in that country, making the second trip in 1921. He first visited Alaska in 1898 and on his return to Washington located in Everett, afterward buying land in Pacific county. There were only a few roads and pioneer conditions prevailed. He cleared about seven acres of the tract and brought the land to a high state of development, making many improvements to the place. In 1921 Mr. Hanson entered the employ of the Snohomish River Boom Company and he has since had charge of the Ebey Slough boom. He resides in a cottage at the water's edge and is on duty day and night. He is devoted to the interests in his charge and is one of the company's most dependable and valuable employes. While in Wisconsin, Mr. Hanson married Miss Petra Nelson and they became the parents of seven children. Oscar Chester, the eldest, is serving as sheriff of Pacific county. He is married and has two children. Ida is the wife of Carl Thompson, of Portland, Oregon, and the mother of seven children. Mr. Thompson is in the employ of the United States government and fills the position of master mechanic. Arktunder, the third in order of birth, was fatally injured in an accident in a logging camp when he was seventeen years of age. Charles is also a machinist and has a wife and one child. Benjamin is living in Snohomish and has a wife and daughter. Mildred and Evelyn, who complete the family, are unmarried and the latter resides with her father. Oscar and Arktunder were born in Wisconsin and the other sons are natives of Washington. While living in Pacific county Mr. Hanson was active in public affairs, serving for four years as road supervisor, and he was also a member of the school board. Honest, industrious and sincere, he has made many friends in the state and the years have strengthened his hold upon their regard, for his life has been guided by high principles and worthy motives. BELL AUTO FREIGHT COMPANY Among the enterprises which have been distinctive factors in the prosperity and welfare of Everett is the Bell Auto Freight Company, the largest and most successful carrier of freight between Seattle and Everett. This company was organized in 1917, the original stockholders and officers being : J. E. Bell, president ; E. J. Dwyer, treasurer and manager ; Albert Densmore and C. A. Meade, directors, the company at that time being a subsidiary of the Model Transfer & Storage Company. In January, 1924, E. A. and Ray Van Hemert bought the business of the Bell Auto Freight Company. They had started with this company as truck drivers but in 1921 bought forty-one per cent of the stock. The present officers of the company are E. A. Van Hemert, president, treasurer and manager ; H. J. Linden, secretary ; and Ray Van Hemert, director. The company is engaged in handling freight between Everett and Seattle, for which purpose they employ seven trucks, two being of three and a half tons capacity, two of five tons, one of one and a half tons and two Ford trucks, as well as a five ton trailer. Usually each truck makes a round trip daily between the terminal points and fifteen people are employed as drivers and handlers. Last year this company handled nineteen million, two hundred eighty-nine thousand, eight hundred and seventy-two pounds of freight and on one day in March, 1926, brought fifty-six tons of freight to Everett from Seattle. By using the telephone a person can get a three hour delivery of goods between the two cities. The company maintains ample depots at both terminals and calls for and delivers freight, the service being operated under state supervision, giving a uniform rate to all patrons. The Bell Auto Freight Company is a member of the Washington Motor Freight Association. E. A. Van Hemert was born at Grand Meadow, Minnesota, in 1885, and is the son of Anthony and Adeletine Van Hemert. The family moved to Idaho in 1903 and there the father followed gardening to the time of his death. The son received a good public school education. In 1910 he came to Everett and engaged in the pole business, afterward becoming foreman for the K. & K. Lumber Company. Later he became bookkeeper for the Balcom-Vanderhoof Logging Company, with which he remained two years, and then went to the Bell Auto Freight Company, with which he has been identified to the present time. He has always been a hard and persistent worker and the success which is crowning his efforts is well deserved. On September 14, 1911, Mr. Van Hemert was married to Miss Hazel Hobson of Everett, 586 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and they have two children, Hazel Lenore and Earl. Mr. Van Hemert is a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Everett Chamber of Commerce, while in politics he maintains an independent attitude, preferring to vote according to the dictates of his judgment, regardless of party lines. He has been true and loyal in all the relations of life, qualities which have gained for him the unbounded respect and admiration of all who have been familiar with his record. Because of his kindly and genial manner he has won a host of loyal and devoted friends. 0. E. WILLIAMS Unqualified commendation is deserved by the individual whose strong will and determination enable him to hew his way through a forest of difficulties and press steadily forward toward the goal fixed by his ambition. Of this type is 0. E. Williams, who is self-educated and ranks with the substantial business men of Monroe. He was born at Newport, Kentucky, in 1871 and his parents, Edward and Sarah Williams, have passed away. Mr. Williams was reared in the south and as a young man went to Oklahoma. Being eager to acquire useful knowledge, he provided the funds for his education and afterward taught school for five years. He came to 'Washington in 1898 and for seventeen years followed the barber's trade in various locations. In 1907 he engaged in the jewelry business, which he followed in Edmonds, Seattle and other cities of Washington. He came to Monroe in November, 1917, and has since been owner of the business of which A. M. Nelson was formerly the proprietor. Mr. Williams carries a fine stock of jewelry and his store is well patronized. He is an enterprising merchant and his word is always to be relied upon. In 1902 Mr. Williams was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Fisher, of Mist, Oregon, and five children have been born to them, namely : Oliver, Vera, Harold, Nedra and Norvin. The oldest son is in the employ of the R. J. Stretch Company of Monroe and fills a responsible position. In politics Mr. Williams is nonpartisan, placing the qualifications of a candidate before all other considerations, and his fraternal connections are with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is honest, industrious, progressive and broad-minded, and these qualities unite to make him an upright man and a desirable citizen. GRAY ROBERTS After many years of close connection with public utilities, in which he rendered efficient and appreciated service, Gray Roberts is now devoting his attention to the great basic industry, farming, and is meeting with well deserved success. A native of Iowa, he was born on October 20, 1880, and is a son of H. M. and Harriet (Gray) Roberts. The father was born in Pennsylvania and died in Oregon in 1923, while the mother, who was born in New York state of sterling old American ancestry, died in Oregon in 1924, at the age of eighty years. H. M. Roberts was a painter and in 1885 took his family to Oregon, locating in Linn county, where he followed his trade. He also took up a homestead there, which he proved up and then sold, after which he went to Brownville, Oregon, where he spent his last years. Gray Roberts secured his educational training in the public schools at Brownville and then, starting out on his own account, went to Tacoma and entered the employ of the Pacific States Telephone Company. After five or six years' service there, he was transferred to Seattle, where he remained for a time. He then went to the Independent Telephone Company, at Snohomish, which was first called the Skagit Farmers' Mutual Telephone Company, having charge of the plant there and also at Monroe, Granite Falls, Arlington, Duvall and Robe. He had charge of the plant and station at Snohomish about fourteen years, doing trouble "shooting," switch board work, installation and other service, and was recognized as one of the most competent and faithful employes of the company, which is now known as the Puget Sound Telephone Company. After leaving that company as a regular employe, Mr. Roberts remained around Snohomish and Everett three or four years, doing work occasionally for the telephone company, when needed, and then bought sixteen acres of land, where he now lives. It was covered with stumps, brush and logs and a vast amount of work has been devoted to clearing and improving the place. He now has about eight acres cleared. He is engaged in raising chickens in which he is meeting with well deserved success. He has made many good improvements and now has a very comfortable and attractive home. In 1906 Mr. Roberts was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Hausman, who was born and reared in Linn county, Oregon, where their marriage occurred. She is the daughter of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 587 A. C. and Matilda (Templeton) Hausman. Her father, who was born in Germany, came to the United States when eighteen years old, locating first in California but later going to Linn county, Oregon, where he took up a homestead and engaged extensively in raising hops, having also large stock interests. His wife went from the east to Oregon when four years old, her family, traveling by ox team, being among the pioneer settlers of that state. Mr. Roberts is a member of Snohomish Lodge, No. 195, Fraternal Order of Eagles, and belongs to the Snohomish County Poultry Association. He is a man of up-to-date ideas and progressive methods, energetic in the operation of his ranch, and well deserves the prosperity which is his. FRED H. NIETFIELD Though born under a foreign flag and coming to this country a poor boy, Fred H. Nietfield, living near Arlington, has through indomitable efforts gained prosperity and is now one of the substantial and influential citizens of his locality. Born in Germany on the 3d of June, 1873, he is a son of Frederick and Sophia Nietfield, both now deceased. He attended the public schools and remained at home until 1889, when, at the age of sixteen years, he came to this country. He went to Wisconsin, where he remained three years and in 1892 came to Washington, settling first in Skagit county, where he remained until 1897 when he came to Everett, where for several years he was engaged in the milk business. He also bought and cultivated a two hundred acre farm near Lowell and operated a big dairy business. He was progressive and enterprising in his methods and built on that farm the first modern and up-to-date dairy barn in the county. In 1908 Mr. Nietfield sold that place and during the following two years was again engaged in business in Everett as a milk dealer. In 1911 he bought one hundred and twenty acres of land on the Arlington highway, fifteen acres of which were cleared and of which he has cleared fifty acres more. Here he has since lived and, through his indefatigable efforts and sound business management, has prospered in a gratifying measure. He maintains a fine dairy, keeping twenty-one good grade cows, as well as other stock, while his well cultivated fields yield good crops of hay and grain. In 1926 he built a fine, modern house and is now very comfortably situated. In 1903 Mr. Nietfield was united in marriage to Miss Florence Chilson, who is a native of Arkansas, and they are the parents of four children: Earl, who lives in Everett Ila, Glen and Irma, who are at home, the two last named being in high school. Mr. Nietfield is a member of the Grange and the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He gives his political support to the republican party and has been a member of the local school board during the past five years. Although his life has been a busy one, he has never neglected his duties as a citizen and has consistently supported all movements for the advancement of the public interests, being regarded as one of the leading men of his community. EGBERT H. HOUGHTLING A feeling of respect and admiration is always awakened in following the life work of a man who has advanced through his own efforts. In recording the career of Egbert H. Hought-ling, of Marysville, it is found that the prosperity which he now enjoys has not come as a matter of chance or good fortune, but has been attained by continuous activity along definite lines. A native of Otsego county, New York, his birth occurred on the 22d of May, 1850, and he is a son of Erastus and Rovilla (Holmes) Houghtling, both of whom died in New York, where the father had followed farming. Egbert H. Houghtling was reared on the paternal farmstead and was given the advantage of a good public school education. He devoted himself to farming in his home locality until 1872, when he went to Minnesota and farmed there until 1899, when he returned to New York state and followed the same occupation until December, 1913, when he came to Snohomish county. In April of the following year he bought ten acres of land near Marysville and has since been engaged in dairy farming, fruit raising and gardening, also keeping some hogs. His place is well improved and he has prospered in his operations since coming to this county. On December 24, 1873, Mr. Houghtling was married to Miss Eldora DeLaurier, who was born in Indiana, a daughter of William and Elizabeth DeLaurier, the former a native of Ontario, Canada, and the latter of Ohio. At the time of her marriage, Mrs. Houghtling was living in Minnesota, to which state her family had moved in an early day. Mr. and Mrs. Houghtling have eight children : Jessie is the wife of Gus Low, of Saskatchewan, Canada, 588 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and they have a daughter ; Harry N., of Portland, Oregon, is married and has three children; Egbert, of Saskatchewan, Canada, is married and has three children; William, who lives in San Gabriel, California, is Tarried and has three children ; Clara remains at home; Lee is in Saskatchewan ; Ruth is the wife of Cecil English and lives in Marysville; and Madge is the wife of Walter Jennings, of Seattle. Mr. Houghtling is a member of the Masonic fraternity, while his political affiliation is with the republican party. He has for many years taken an active part in local public affairs -and while living in New York and Minnesota, he served as a member of school boards, and as township supervisor, township assessor and justice of the peace. In all the relations of life he has been faithful to every trust and to a notable degree has enjoyed the confidence of the people among whom he has lived. GUS DANHOF Among the worthy citizens of Snohomish county who have finished their task and passed to their reward, Gus Danhof held an enviable place in public confidence and esteem because of his high character, consistent life and his business ability, as well as for his kindly and sociable nature. He was horn in Holland in 1873, and his death occurred at his home near Snohomish, February 19, 1926. He was reared and educated in his native land and on emigrating to the United States he located in Michigan, where he was employed in gas works for a few months. He then went to Seattle, where he was employed in an iron works for a short time, and in 1901 or 1902 he came to Snohomish county. For a while he farmed in South Snohomish, near the Earle A. Bailey place, and during that period he did considerable slashing for neighboring landowners. He had his land mostly planted to potatoes and kept a number of cows, remaining on that place until about 1908, when he bought the present family home, comprising one hundred and twenty acres of good land, but which at that time was covered with stumps and second growth, which required much work to clear. However, in the course of time the land was placed under cultivation and an excellent set of farm buildings was erected. The farm is now being conducted by his two sons, Gus and Carl, who are giving their attention mainly to dairy farming. They keep about thirty-five cows, of which number fif teen are registered Guernseys, and they also have registered sires, their purpose being to gradually grade the herd up to a high standard. They raise their own grain and roughage and are meeting with very gratifying success in their operations. While still living in Holland Mr. Danhof was united in marriage to Miss Mary B. Busima, and after coming to this country they stopped briefly in New Jersey before proceeding westward. They became the parents of nine children, as follows : Mrs. Winifred Vaninetti, of Granite Falls, who has four children ; Mrs. Elizabeth Neadean, of Monroe, who has three children ; Jennie, who is the wife of William Tester, of Monroe, and is the mother of three children; Mary, who is the widow of J. Watson, late of Monroe, and has two children; Gus and Carl, who live on the home place ; Johanna, who is the wife of V. Berglin of Monroe and has one child ; Henry and John, who are in school. Gus and Carl are members of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and ship their products largely to Snohomish. They are young men of splendid character, thoroughly understand how to farm, and are friendly and cordial in their social relations, so that throughout the community they are held in the highest measure of esteem by all who know them. ELIAS KRISTWICK Elias Kristwick has led an active and useful life and today holds a high place in the estimation of his fellow citizens. He was born in Norway in 1859 and is a son of Erling and Martha Kristwick, who spent their lives in that country. As far back as can be traced the members of the family were either teachers or preachers and Elias Kristwick took up the teaching profession. He received a good education in the public schools of his native land and in the year he attained his majority, 1880, came to the United States, feeling that there was here a larger field for personal advancement. On his arrival he went direct to Clay county, South Dakota, where he obtained employment at farm work, for which he received fifteen dollars a month. In 1881 he went to Calliope, Iowa, where he lived until 1888, being employed at the carpenter trade, which he had learned in his own country. He then came to Washington, and in Seattle was employed at his trade until the spring of 1889, when he removed to Everett, which has GUS DANHOF . HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 591 been his headquarters practically ever since. He has been employed as a carpenter most of the time since coming here and has helped in the construction of many of the best buildings in this part of the county. He is now giving his attention mainly to lathing and shingling. In 1906-7 he was on Whidbey island and he also worked for a time in Seattle. In July, 1911, he bought the ranch on which he now lives, and which at the time had been logged off, but not cleared. He has cleared the land, put it under cultivation and erected all the buildings on the place. He keeps a nice flock of laying hens and is now very comfortably and pleasantly situated here. On November 4, 1904, in Seattle, Mr. Kristwick was married to Miss Lydia E. Peterson, a native of Minnesota, and a daughter of John and Maria Peterson, who located in Minnesota in the year prior to their daughter's birth, lived there until 1904 and then removed to Seattle, Washington. Later they located on Whidbey island, where their deaths occurred. To Mr. and Mrs. Kristwick four children have been born : Ethel Maria, who died when twelve years of age; Martha Elizabeth, Helen Augusta and Une Pearl, all at home. Mr. Kristwick possesses to a marked degree the characteristic energy, thrift and stability of the race from which he sprang and of which he is a very creditable representative, and the success which has crowned his efforts is well merited. He is generally regarded throughout the community as a splendid citizen, faithful and true in all the relations of life, and eminently deserving of the high place which he holds in the confidence and regard of his fellowmen. WILLIAM E. DOPH The men who have pushed forward the wheels of progress have been those to whom satisfaction lies ever in the future, who have labored continuously, always finding in each transition stage an incentive to further effort. William E. Doph, a leading business man of Everett, is one whose well directed efforts have gained for him a position of desirable prominence in his locality and he is clearly entitled to representation in this work. Mr. Doph was born at Lewiston, Illinois, on the 13th of September, 1868, a son of John C. and Christina Doph, both natives of Germany. They went to Illinois in the '50s and there the father became a shoe manufacturer and dealer. Both parents are now deceased. William E. Doph received his education in the public schools and then went to work for the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, becoming a locomotive engineer, and remained on that road for sixteen years. In 1900 he came to Everett and, in partnership with his brother George, bought property at the corner of Broadway and Thirty-second street, where they established a steam laundry. The business was prosperous from the beginning and through the years has been accorded a full share of the public patronage. Twenty people are employed and two delivery wagons are on the road. George Doph retired from the business in 1919, and his death occurred on June 1, 1922. His interest in the company was bought by P. C. Hall, who is still identified with it. W. E. Doph has devoted his attention closely to the building up of the business, in which he has been eminently successful, and has gained a high reputation for his business acumen and his progressive methods. All of the equipment in the plant is up-to-date and the quality of work turned out here is its best advertisement. Mr. Doph was married in 1902 to Miss Lydia Craven, who is a native of South Dakota. To this union have been born four children, namely : Fred, who remains at home ; Ralph, a carpenter by trade, who lives in California ; Elizabeth and Clara Louise, at home. Mr. Doph is a republican in his political views and an active member of the Everett Chamber of Commerce and cooperates with his fellow business men in all efforts to advance the commercial and civic interests of Everett. WILLIAM JOHNSON William Johnson belongs to one of the old and well known families of Snohomish county. A man of persistent industry, sound judgment and honest motives, he has left the impress of his personality on the community. Born the 28th day of August, 1876, on his father's farm in the Tualco valley, near Monroe, he is a son of Andrew and Ellen (Johns) Johnson, the former a native of Sweden and the latter horn between Monroe and Sultan, she being a member of the Snohomish tribe of Indians. Andrew Johnson came to this country in the '60s and settled in the Tualco valley, where he homesteaded a tract of land, of which his son William's farm is a part. There were at that time no roads in this part of the county and he came to his land by way of the river, which was his only means of communication with the outside 592 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY world for some time. During his first years here he raised produce for the logging camps while prosecuting his work of clearing the land of the timber, brush and logs which encumbered it. The lumber used in the building of his present house was brought here by boat from Victoria. Mr. Johnson spent the remainder of his life here and, with the assistance of his sons, cleared about one hundred and thirty acres of the land. To him and his wife were born seven children : John, of Monroe ; George, of Okanogan county ; Mrs. Mary Lindley, of Monroe ; Mrs. Nettie Burnstead, of Seattle ; William ; Edward and Mrs. Nellie Blakesly, of Monroe. William Johnson secured his education in the public schools of Tualco valley and has spent the most of his life on the farm where he now lives, though he has made several trips to British Columbia, where he was employed at logging. He is now devoting his attention mainly to dairy farming, in which he is meeting with well deserved success. His farm is well improved and he has exercised good judgment in its operation. In 1918 Mr. Johnson was married to Mrs. Stella (Allison) LaCrosse, who was born in Texas, the daughter of John Allison., She came to Snohomish county shortly after her marriage to Mr. LaCrosse in 1900 and was the mother of three children, two sons and a daughter. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is a wide-awake and progressive farmer, whose success has been won by the exercise of right business qualities and persistence along safe and conservative lines of effort. He supports all movements for the betterment of his community and is a popular member of the circles in which he moves. ELOF JOHNSON Of Scandinavian stock, Elof Johnson has had a varied and interesting career, learning many valuable lessons in the school of experience, and his attention is now devoted to the cultivation of one of the valuable farms of Snohomish county, on which he has resided for fifteen years. A native of Sweden, he was born in 1863 and remained in that country until he reached the age of twenty-one, when he responded to the lure of the new world. He located in New York and in 1885 was joined by his parents, Andrew and Johanna (Hultun) Johnson, who settled in Clayton, spending the remainder of their lives in the Empire state. Mr. Johnson engaged in farming in New York for eight years and was afterward in Pennsylvania, in which he spent a similar period, working in lumber mills. In 1898 he joined the rush of gold seekers to Alaska and subsequently made two other trips to the mines of that country. In 1901 he built a home in Everett, Washington, and there engaged in teaming for several years, doing much street work. About 1911 he purchased his present place of thirty-two acres, on which the former owner had erected a small shack. The property was badly in need of repair and Mr. Johnson has built a good home, adding other improvements from time to time. He has a large barn and his well tilled fields are divided by neat fences. He has about ten acres under cultivation and raises some roughage and wheat. He keeps cows, chickens and pigs and receives good returns from his labors, which are systematically conducted. In 1890 Mr. Johnson married Miss Hannah Johnson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of John P. and Christine Johnson. Her father was a lifelong resident of that country but the mother passed away in Snohomish county. Mr. and Mrs. Elof Johnson have become the parents of three children. Ward, the firstborn, resides at Silverlake, Washington, and has a wife and two children, Lester and Elvira. Alice married William Callahan and is living in Everett. Elaine is now Mrs. Olaf Bone, of Everett, and has a daughter, Elaine. Mrs. Johnson is a member of the Baptist church and a faithful follower of its teachings. Mr. Johnson was formerly connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and his public spirit has prompted him to contribute his share toward the building of roads in his township. He is upright, industrious and progressive and these qualities constitute the basis of good citizenship. EARL H. EVANS The biography of a man is of importance and interest to others just to the degree that his life and work touches and influences the lives of individuals. Only in a feeble way at best can the life story of any man he told on the printed page. These thoughts are suggested by the record of Earl H. Evans, who through a series of years has earnestly and conscientiously devoted his talents and efforts to the task of directing the educational activities of various localities in this state, and thereby has been a definite factor in preparing the younger generation for the duties of life. His record since coming to Everett has been such as to gain for him the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 593 respect and esteem of his fellow citizens and he is entitled to representation among those whose life and works have lent honor and dignity to their profession. Earl H. Evans, now principal of the Lincoln school in Everett, was born at Spring Valley, Greene county, Ohio, in 1877, and is a son of Joseph and Anna (Buckles) Evans, respected farming folk of that locality, both now deceased. The son attended the public schools of his native county and in 1897, when twenty years of age, went to Montana. He remained in that state three years and in 1900 came to Washington, being employed as a farm hand in Spokane county. He then became a teacher in a country school and determined to devote his life to teaching. In order to properly prepare himself for the work, he entered the State Normal School at Bellingham, where lie was graduated in 1912. Subsequently lie matriculated in the University of Washington, and was graduated in 1925, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in education. About 1904 Professor Evans became principal of the school at Prosser, 'Washington, and later taught in Stevens county, Washington, and in the Yakima valley. From 1907 to 1911 he served as principal of the school at Ridgeway, Washington, after which he was principal of the school at Avon for two years, followed by five and a half years as principal of a school at Olympia, Washington. In 1919 he was called to the principalship of the Lincoln school in Everett, where his record is too well known to the readers of this work to require further mention. A well educated, symmetrically developed man, lie has, with a deep appreciation of both the responsibilities and the privileges of his calling, given himself absolutely to his work and his splendid success has been but the legitimate fruitage of his efforts. In 1917 Professor Evans was married to Miss Myrtle Huggett, of Olympia, and they are the parents of two children, Ruth Mae and Huston Earl. Politically Professor Evans is an independent republican and takes a public-spirited interest in everything affecting the welfare and prosperity of the people. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also belongs to the Everett Kiwanis Club and the Phi Delta Kappa, a college fraternity. In the line of his profession he has connection with the Elementary School Principals of the National Educational Association, the Washington Educational Association and the Everett Principals Association. His ideals are high and he has ever striven to raise himself to their level. Actuated by a commendable ambition, he has risen steadily in his chosen calling and has ever endeavored to make his service of permanent value to those who have come under his instruction. MICHAEL PAAR With industry and determination as his salient characteristics, Michael Paar has steadily progressed toward the goal of success and during the period of his residence in Lake Stevens has become firmly established in public regard as an enterprising merchant and valuable citizen. A son of Michael and Magdalena Paar, he was born in 1885 and is a native of Germany. His father has passed away and the mother is now living in Seattle. Mr. Paar supplemented his public school education by a course in a business college and his first knowledge of the meat business was acquired in the fatherland. In 1910, when twenty-five years of age, he located in Seattle, Washington, and was very successful in his undertakings in that city, conducting a meat market in Pike Place, while he also established a shop at Rainier Beach. He arrived at Lake Stevens, May 1, 1924, and purchased the business of Robert Hadzell. Mr. Paar has since conducted the market, carrying a fine grade of meat, and his trade has increased rapidly in the intervening period. He has a highly specialized knowledge of the business, which has constituted his life work, and his commercial transactions have always balanced up with the principles of truth and honesty. In 1910 Mr. Paar was united in marriage to Miss Barbara Erdis, also a native of Germany, and they now haye four children : Michael ; Joseph ; and Anna and Martin, twins. Mr. Paar is one of the Sons of Herman and exercises his right of franchise in support of the candidates and measures of the republican party. He is loyal to the country of his adoption and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen, for his life has been upright and useful. THOMAS L. MOORE In almost all communities there may be found quiet, retiring men who never seek public favors, but who nevertheless, because of their earnest lives and their interest in the public welfare, exert a widely felt influence in the community in which they live and help to construct the foundation upon which the superstructure of the locality is built. Among this type 594 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY stands Thomas L. Moore, who, while devoted to the advancement of his own interests, has not been neglectful of his duty to his fellow citizens, and has thereby gained the warm esteem and regard of all who know him. Mr. Moore is a native of Ludington, Michigan, where his birth occurred in 1877. He is a son of Michael and Jane (Day) Moore, both of whom are deceased. The father was a farmer and the owner of a livery stable. He was deeply interested in horses and owned a number of good race horses. Thomas L. Moore secured his elementary education in the public schools and then entered Ferris Institute at Big Rapids, Michigan, where he was graduated in 1900. He later turned his attention to the lumber business, with which lie was identified until 1916. He came to Everett, Washington, in 1903 and for a number of years worked in the mills of this locality. In 1917 he embarked in the automobile tire business, and in the following year established himself at Broadway and Everett streets, where he is engaged in the automobile accessory and tire business and also sells gas and oil. He employs three men and his service station is completely equipped for prompt and satisfactory work. He has devoted himself closely to his business and has met with a well deserved measure of prosperity. In 1905 Mr. Moore was married to Miss Ethel Densmore, of Everett, who is a native of Wisconsin. They are the parents of two children, namely : Margaret, who is a student in the University of Washington at Seattle ; and Marion, who is in high school. Politically Mr. Moore is aligned with the republican party and takes an intelligent interest in public affairs. Fraternally he is a Knight Templar Mason, a Noble of the Mystic Shrine and a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce, the Automotive Trades Association and the Bucks. The last named is an organization sponsored by the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, having been started in this state and now being made a national institution. Its object is the care of crippled children, for whom it provides the best medical skill and attention obtainable. The Washington Bucks are now building a home for crippled children at Lake Ballinger, the first unit of which will house sixty children. In this commendable cause Mr. Moore has been deeply interested and has been a prominent factor in the prosperity of the local organization. He is a man of kindly and generous impulses, supporting all worthy benevolent causes, and stands for all that is best in community life. He is widely known throughout this part of the county and among his acquaintances he has a host of warm and loyal friends, who hold him in high esteem for his commendable personal qualities and his genuine worth as a man and citizen. LARS ANDERSON Lars Anderson, who is now practically retired from active business affairs, came to Snohomish county nearly twenty-five years ago and has contributed his full quota to the development and progress of his community. During his life here he has also supported every movement that has had for its object the betterment of the locality and is today regarded as one of the substantial citizens of the community. Mr. Anderson was born in Denmark on the 25th of February, 1860, and is a son of Andres and Carie Sophia (Christiansen) Anderson. They were farming folk in the old country and in 1885 followed their sons to this country, settling in Wisconsin, where their deaths occurred. Lars Anderson was given the advantage of a good public school education in his native land and in 1880, when twenty years of age, emigrated to the United States. Locating in Wisconsin, he found employment as a farm hand, but later went to Michigan and worked in lumber mills. In 1882 he returned to Wisconsin and bought sixty-seven acres of land, to which he added forty acres more, devoting his attention to farming that land until 1902, when he sold his Wisconsin interests and, coming to Snohomish county, bought forty acres northeast of Marysville. He cleared the land of the stumps and brush which covered it, rebuilt the old house which stood on it, and engaged in general farming and dairying. He met with marked success in this line of work, which he carried on until recently, when he sold the dairy and turned the operation of the farm over to his son, Hanes F. In 1887 Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Tina Anderson, who was born and reared in Wisconsin, the daughter of Andrew and Mary (Paulson) Anderson, and to them have been born the following children : Josie, who is the wife of Bert Williams, of Seattle; Addie, who is a farmer at Clear Lake ; Benjamin, who enlisted in the Ninety-first Division, for service in the World war, and was killed in action in France ; Elmer, who lives in Everett ; Laura, who is the wife of Manuel Stephens, of Seattle, and Hanes F., who lives at home and is operating the farm. Mr. Anderson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. In politics, he is not bound by party ties, preferring to vote according to his best judgment as to HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 595 men and measures. To a marked degree he possesses the essential qualities of good citizenship, and in all his personal relations he is candid and straightforward, so that he has gained the confidence and good will of his fellowmen. ALBERT W. DEXTER Coming to Washington in territorial days, Albert W. Dexter has been an interested witness of the progress of civilization in this region and for twenty years he has been a resident of Snohomish county, owning one of its fine farms. He was born in 1851 and is a native of Carson, Iowa. His parents were 0. C. and Rebecca (Briggs) Dexter, the former of whom was born in the state of Vermont and the latter in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Mr. Dexter received his education in Minnesota and was obliged to walk a distance of four miles to the schoolhouse. He worked on the home farm, driving oxen and breaking land in Minnesota, and afterward spent about ten years in the vicinity of the Iowa state line. He migrated from Minnesota to South Dakota and for about ten years engaged in farming and stock raising in McCook county. He came to Washington in 1889 and arrived in Seattle soon after the fire. Many people were living in tents and the city presented a desolate appearance. Mr. Dexter embarked in the teaming business, which he followed for some time, and then became a member of the Seattle police department. He filled the position of patrolman for several years and in 1903 moved to his present place, which he had purchased from his father-in-law several years previous to that time. The tract was covered with a dense growth of timber and Mr. Dexter has succeeded in clearing a portion of the ranch, on which he has built a good home. When he came to this section of the county the road was little better than a trail and there were many deer, coyotes and bears. His farm comprises twenty-three and a half acres and produces abundant crops. Experience has taught him the best methods of cultivating the soil and his work is systematically conducted. Having reached the sunset period of life, he has laid aside the heavier burdens of farming but carefully supervises the work. In July, 1876, Mr. Dexter married Miss Emma J. Green, a daughter of S. R. and Katherine A. (Barnhart) Green, the former a native of New York. They settled in Seattle in 1889 and in 1896 came to Snohomish county. Mr. and Mrs. Dexter became the parents of five children but Ernest, the eldest, died in 1924. The others are Clarence, a bachelor, living in Seattle ; Mrs. Hattie Schooley, of Seattle ; Mrs. Hazel Reynolds, who has two children and also makes her home in that city ; and Bert, who spent four years in the service of his country and is now engaged in automobile repairing in Seattle. His brother Ernest came to Snohomish about 1898 and was connected with milling operations. Mr. Dexter is a Mason, belonging to Snohomish Lodge, No. 25, F. & A. M., of which he is master, and is also connected with Seattle Lodge, No. 7, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was deputy several years ago under James McCulloch, the present sheriff of Snohomish county, and proved well worthy of the trust, ably discharging his duties. He has faithfully fulfilled every obligation in life and his sterling traits of character have enabled him to win and retain the respect and esteem of all with whom he has been associated. JOHN WILLIAM HOLLAENDER The character of a community is determined in a large measure by the lives of a comparatively few of its members. If its commercial and moral status be good, it will be found that the standards set by the leading men have been high and their influence such as to mould the character and shape the lives of those with whom they have mingled. In placing the late John William Hollaender in the front rank of such men, justice is rendered to one who long played a prominent part in connection with progressive citizenship in Snohomish county. Although a quiet and unassuming man, he contributed in an effectual way to the material, civic and moral advancement of the community and his straightforward, upright life won for him the esteem and confidence of the circles in which he moved. Mr. Hollaender was a native of Germany, where his birth occurred in 1846. He was reared there and was given the advantage of a good public school education. At the age of seventeen he accompanied his family on their emigration to Canada, locating in the province of Ontario, where he remained fifteen years. He there learned the trade of cabinetmaking, which he followed until going to Michigan, where he remained about a year, being similarly employed. He then went to South Dakota, where he took up homestead and timber claims, acquiring about eight hundred acres of land, to the 596 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY farming of which he devoted himself about twenty years, his main crops being grain. About 1901 he sold that land and, coming to Snohomish county, bought a ten-acre tract near Black-man's lake, which he kept about a year and then sold. He then bought the C. Fergusen farm of eighty acres, which was partly cleared, and cleared the remainder of the land, carrying on general farming, though he specialized in dairying, keeping eighteen cows. He was a hard worker, exercised sound judgment in all of his operations, and met with a well deserved success. He remained on this place until his death, which occurred in March, 1918. Mr. Hollaender was married, in 1873, in Canada, to Miss Evaliene Priebe, who also is a native of Germany. She went to Canada with friends at the age of sixteen years, locating in Ontario, and remained with these friends until her marriage. In the truest sense of the word, she proved a helpmate to her husband, assisting and encouraging him in every possible way, and in a large measure contributed to his success. To this union were born thirteen children, namely : Evaliene, Mary, and Henry, all now deceased ; Mrs. Dorothy Mantey, who lives in Everett and is the mother of three children; Mrs. Carrie Jorgeson, who lives in Snohomish and is the mother of two children; Hattie, deceased ; Mrs. Emma Kroskie, who died leaving five children; John William, who is engaged in farming in Snohomish county ; Fred, who is operating a fruit ranch at Wenatchee, this state, and who had two children, both of whom are deceased ; Herman and Karl, who have passed away ; Pauline, who lives with her mother in Snohomish and who learned the hair-dressing business in Everett and Seattle, being now engaged in that business in Snohomish ; and Mrs. Annie Amberson, who lives in South Snohomish and is the mother of two children. After her husband's death, Mrs. Hollaender kept the home farm until 1925, when she divided it among the children. Mr. Hollaender had also bought twenty acres of grape land in California, and this she has sold since his death. She is now living in a comfortable home in Snohomish. Mr. and Mrs. Hollaender took out citizenship papers in Canada and later transferred their citizenship to the United States after coming to Washington. The members of the family are all identified with the Lutheran church, of which Mr. Hollaender was a faithful member and to which he was a liberal contributor. His was the story of a life whose success was measured by its usefulness—a life that made for good in all it relations with the world. Kindly, genial and hospitable, he enjoyed a wide acquaintance and had a host of warm and loyal friends, who held him in the highest respect because of his splendid character and his genuine worth as a man and a citizen. JOHN HENRY MILLER One of the most conspicuous figures in the present-day history of Snohomish county was John Henry Miller, who in his later years lived retired at his comfortable home near Snohomish, after an active and successful career in the logging business, while for many years he has been known as one of the representative men of his section of the county. He passed away June 5, 1926. The qualities which made him one of the successful men of Snohomish county, also brought him the esteem of his fellowmen, for his career was one of well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods, so that the prosperity which crowned his efforts was well merited. Mr. Miller was born in Saint Clair, Schuylkill county, Pennsylvania, February 8, 1848, and was a son of John and Catherine (Snyder) Miller, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New York. In both paternal and maternal lines he was descended from sterling old American stock, the families having been established in this country for many years. He was reared on the home farm and attended the public schools until the age of fifteen years, when, in 1863, he enlisted for service in the Civil war. On the expiration of his first enlistment period of three months, he reenlisted in Company A, Twenty-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, but was later transferred to Company L, Seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry. He served about one and a half years, taking part in many of the important engagements and hard campaigns of that period of the war, but fortunately escaped without injury. After his discharge from the army, he returned to Pennsylvania, where he worked in the woods and the mines for a number of years. In 1872 he went into the timber business on his own account, getting out timber for coal mines, and was engaged in that business for nine years. He then went to work for a railroad contractor, with whom he spent a year in Pennsylvania, and in 1886 went with him to Illinois, where he helped in the construction of eight miles of the Illinois Central railroad. Following that, they went to Wisconsin and constructed five miles of road for the same company, on which job he was doing subcontracting. Later he loaded his outfit of five teams and equipment and went to Seattle, where he remained about four years, engaged in contracting. While there he hauled JOHN H. MILLER HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 597 the materials for the Madison and James street cable line, and later hauled the first electric cars used on the James street line, the cars being transported from the depot to the water front on timber trucks, hauled by horses. In 1890 Mr. Miller took up a homestead in Snohomish county, about six miles east of the city of Snohomish, which property he kept until 1910. During about eighteen years of this period he was also engaged in logging, owning his own outfit and employing from ten to thirty. men. While thus engaged he took off six million feet of timber from the Cathcart tract. In 1900 he bought property in Snohomish, going back and forth to his work. At the time he sold his homestead he had cleared ten or twelve acres of it. His last place comprises about ten acres, near the city of Snohomish, a large part of which is devoted to berries. He was also interested in chickens, having about three hundred laying hens. In his last years, however, he enjoyed comparative leisure, after a long life of hard and unremitting labor. In June, 1866, Mr. Miller was married to Miss Catherine Houser, who was born and reared in Pennsylvania, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Baehart) Houser, the former a successful farmer. Mrs. Miller remained at home until her marriage and secured a good public school education. To Mr. and Mrs. Miller were born five children, namely : Ellen Elizabeth, who became the wife of George E. Gray, a farmer near Snohomish, is the mother of eight children ; Laura is the widow of Henry Morris, a farmer at Monroe, and has five children ; William J. is deceased ; Joseph L., who lives in Snohomish, is married and has five children; Mary Catherine, the wife of Michael Snyder and the mother of two sons, John Miller, and Lamar Earl. Mrs. Catherine Miller passed away January 9, 1909. Mr. Miller was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and Mrs. Snyder is a member of the Woman's Relief Corps. He always gave his political support to the republican party and took a commendable interest in public affairs. His religious connection was with the Presbyterian church, to which he gave liberally, as he did to the support of all worthy benevolent causes. He was a man of splendid character, kindly and hospitable and for many years held an enviable place in the esteem and confidence of the entire community. OLE 0. MOSKELAND For more than thirty-five years Ole 0. Moskeland has been a resident of Snohomish county developing and operating a fine farm of his own, and supporting every movement for the progress and upbuilding of the community. A native of Norway, he was born on the 7th of July, 1862. He was reared under the parental roof and attended the public schools. In 1880, at the age of eighteen years, he came to the United States and located in New York, where he remained ten years. In 1890 he came to Snohomish county and during the ensuing ten years farmed on rented land. He was successful, but, desiring to be independent, in 1900, he bought forty-five acres of land, to which, in 1904, he added twenty-one acres, so that he is now the owner of sixty-six acres of splendid land. It had been logged off when he secured it, but it was necessary to remove stumps, logs and brush from the land before it could be cultivated. He now has his land all cleared and in a high state of cultivation and is numbered among the prosperous and substantial farmers of his locality. He has a splendid set of farm buildings and his well cultivated fields produce abundant crops of hay and grain. In connection with his general farming, he conducts a dairy, keeping a number of high grade milk cows, and in all his operations he has shown sound judgment that has insured success. In 1888 Mr. Moskeland was united in marriage to Mrs. Jeanett Turnbull, who is a native of England, and they are the parents of five children: John, Edward, Stanley, George and Anna M., but the two last named are deceased. Politically Mr. Moskeland is nominally a republican but is inclined to be independent, especially in local elections. He is a member of the Grange and the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Actively interested in local affairs, he has served on the school board and in every relation of life has commanded the respect and esteem of his fellowmen. CARLO SEGALE Among the citizens of Snohomish county who were born under foreign skies but who have become loyal residents of this country and are meeting with success in their business efforts, stands Carlo Segale, of the vicinity of Everett. A native of Italy, he was born in May, 1866, and received his education in his native land. He remained at home until 1885, when 598 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY he emigrated to the United States, going to California, where he remained about four years. He then went to Portland, Oregon, where he remained for a time, after which he located in Seattle, Washington, where he remained until 1914. In that year lie came to Everett and bought twelve acres of land near the city, where he is now farming and truck gardening. He has a tract of fertile soil, which, under his skillful cultivation, is very productive, and he is now receiving a nice income for his labors. He has made a number of improvements, including a good house, and is nicely situated. In 1896 Mr. Segale was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Columbus who was born and reared in California, and they are the parents of three children, as follows : Della, who is the wife of Manuel Minaglia ; George Segale, who lives in Seattle; and Edward, at home. Mr. Segale is a quiet and unassuming man, who attends strictly to his farming interests, and who is friendly and agruable in his attitude towards his neighbors and fellowmen. CLINTON a DIERDORFF Though a resident of Everett but a few years, C. 0. Dierdorff has already gained high standing in the financial circles of this city, receiving prompt recognition as a man of more than ordinary business ability and sound financial judgment, while as a man he has won a host of friends and admirers. Mr. Dierdorff was born at Nickerson, Kansas, on the 27th of April, 1884, and is a son of D. T. and Elizabeth (Phelps) Dierdorff. His parents are now living in North Dakota and the father has always followed farming pursuits. Clinton 0. Dierdorff received a good public school education in Iowa, to which state the family moved in 1892, living there until 1909, when they moved to North Dakota. He completed his education in the Mount Morris College in Illinois and then went to Chicago, where he was employed as an accountant for five years after which he rejoined his father in North Dakota and for four years devoted his attention to farming. From 1912 to 1918 lie was engaged in the implement and automobile business at Minot, North Dakota. In 1920 he came to Seattle, Washington, and joined the Mutual Savings & Loan Association, remaining there until 1923, when the association opened an office at Everett and appointed Mr. Dierdorff manager. That he has been more than ordinarily successful in his management of the affairs of this office is apparent from the very flattering growth in business since the establishment of the Everett branch. In 1915 Mr. Dierdorff was united in marriage to Miss Mildred Humphrey, who was born and reared at Minot, North Dakota, and they are the parents of a daughter, Bettie Jane. Politically Mr. Dierdorff is a stanch supporter of the republican party and takes a commendable interest in public affairs. He is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Exchange Club and the Cascade Club. He is a man of strong personality and agreeable disposition and maintains an attitude of cooperation in all efforts to improve the community. For these reasons, lie holds an enviable place in public esteem throughout the city. WILLIAM A. CLARK The memory of William A Clark, who has resided within the borders of Snohomish county for a half century, forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present, for at the time of his arrival here he encountered all of the hardships and privations of frontier life and has lived to see the dawn of present day improvements. He makes his home a half mile northeast of Machias and is widely known as one of the highly respected citizens and representative agriculturists of the community. His birth occurred in Winnebago county, Wisconsin, on the 26th of December, 1853, his parents being Silas P. and Elizabeth (Hunt) Clark, the former born in Vermont, June 26, 1824, and the latter in Mansfield, Ohio, August 2, 1832. Silas P. Clark settled in Wisconsin in early life and remained a resident of the Badger state until the early '80s, when he and his wife came to Snohomish county, Washington, and took up a homestead claim in the vicinity of Machias. Here they continued to make their home until called to their final rest, Silas P. Clark passing away April 27, 1901, while the death of his wife occurred on the 10th of December, 1900. Their family numbered eight children. William A. Clark enjoyed the advantages of a public school education in his youth. Owing to his father's ill health, he began to support himself when but twelve years of age, finding employment in the woods and mills for a time and later sailing on the Great Lakes. In 1877 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 599 he came to Washington, via San Francisco, in which city he was obliged to wait five days for a boat to carry him to the sound. He remained nine days in Seattle, then proceeded to Snohomish, at that time a very small town, and in a week he and his wife were hired to go to a logging camp on the Pilchuck. Loading all their earthly possessions in a canoe, they went at once to the camp. Three months later, having homesteaded a tract of land near the present site of Machias, Mr. Clark gave up his position and settled on the ranch where he now lives. In the fall of that year, 1877, all the logging camps in Snohomish county abandoned work, and as a natural result the mills were also closed. When Mr. Clark took up his residence here his nearest white neighbors were two miles away. His entire housekeeping outfit consisted of a cook stove, and even this proved to be a formidable burden, for the only way to reach his claim was by the river, which was so full of log jams that even a canoe could scarcely be used with safety. Snohomish was the nearest postoffice and base of supplies. The fare from that point to Seattle was then four dollars. As it was impossible to earn a dollar, times were very hard for many of the settlers who had no ready money, but fortunately Mr. Clark had sufficient means to tide him over the first few months. Game fish were plentiful and bear and other wild animals still inhabited the region. As soon as possible Mr. Clark began clearing his land and now has forty acres in cultivation. He has a large herd of catttle and devotes a share of his time and attention to dairying. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. On the 18th of July, 1875, Mr. Clark was married to Mary E. Mills, a native of Wisconsin, the daughter of Harper and Elizabeth (Foote) Mills. The mother died in Wisconsin; the father in South Dakota. Mr. and Mrs. Clark became the parents of a daughter, Lottie Opal, who resides in Everett. They also reared an adopted daughter, Minnie Myrtle, who is the wife of Owen Sehorn, a native of Marengo, Iowa, born in 1885. His parents, Jacob and Izola Sehorn, are both deceased. Owen Sehorn took up his abode at Everett, Washington, in 1907. Mr. Clark gives his political support to the republican party and has rendered effective service to the cause of education as a member of the school board for fifteen years. A contemporary biographer said of him : "He is a practical and successful farmer, thoroughly familiar with all the departments of the work. Recognizing him as a man of integrity whose word is as good as his note, his fellow citizens accord him the highest respect and honor." MYRON WARREN An enumeration of the successful and enterprising men of western Snohomish county who won recognition for themselves and at the same time conferred honor on the locality where they resided would be incomplete were there failure to make specific mention of Myron Warren, whose death, on February 22, 1914, was regarded as a distinct loss to the community. Mr. Warren was born in Cattaraugus county, New York, October 3, 1853, and was a son of Isaac and Caroline Warren, the former a native of Derbyshire, England, and the latter of New York state. Mr. Warren lived in Hampton, New York, until fourteen years of age, securing a good public school education, and then went with the family on their removal to Lake county, Michigan. When but seventeen years of age, he started out to make his own way. Going into the woods, he gave close and careful study to timber and in the course of time became a cruiser and riverman, being employed in the breaking of jams and in other responsible work. In 1886 he made his way to Seattle, Washington, and engaged in logging for Andrew Haggerty at Gold Bar. He preempted forty acres of land where the Sultan hospital now stands but later sold that and bought a tract of land on the river. This, too, he sold and then bought the place where Mrs. Warren now lives, moving into this place in 1896. He continued cruising for lumber men and worked much at the carpenter's trade up to the time of his death. He was a careful and painstaking man in all that he uniertook and held the confidence of all who had dealings with him. In May, 1883, Mr. Warren was united in marriage to Miss Annie Morgan, who was born in Ulster county, New York, the daughter of George and Matilda (Morris) Morgan, the former a native of Ulster county and the latter of New York city. Mrs. Warren is descended from a long line of sterling American ancestors, the line running back to colonial days. She remained in New York until thirteen years of age, when the family moved to Wexford county, Michigan, where her father engaged in farming. and his death occurred there in 1877. His widow later came to Sultan and made her home with a son here until her death, which occurred in 1916. To Mr. and Mrs. Warren was born a son, Elmer J., who was born in Chase, Michigan, in 1885, and who is now engaged in government construction work at 600 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Priest River, Washington. He was married to Miss Pearl Rickard and they are the parents of three children, Russell, who now lives at Gold Bar, Verna and Lemuel. The mother of these children died when they were quite young and they have been reared by Mrs. Warren. Mr. Warren was a member of the Ancient Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Improved Order of Foresters, the Daughters of Rebekah and the Royal Neighbors. He had passed through the chairs in the Woodmen camp and was a past noble grand in the Odd Fellows Lodge. Politically he was a stanch republican, taking an active interest in the success of his party, and served as a precinct committeeman during practically the entire period of his residence in this locality. His religious affiliation was with the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Warren is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah, the Royal Neighbors and the Women's Improvement Club of Sultan. All who came within range of Mr. Warren's influence acknowledged his excellent personal qualities, and the high regard in which he was held indicated the possession of attributes that are well worthy of emulation. CHARLES H. BAKEMAN Charles H. Bakeman, who enjoys the distinction of being the oldest active undertaker in the states of Washington, Oregon and Idaho, has continuously engaged in business at Snohomish for forty-two years, and during this period he has filled important public offices, exerting his efforts as readily for the general good as for his own aggrandizement. He was born October 26, 1861, in Peshtigo, Wisconsin. His parents, John and Louise (Bartels) Bakeman, were natives of Germany and came to the United States as children, being reared in Wisconsin, where their marriage occurred. The father was a contractor and also followed the occupation of farming. He was called to his final rest in 1922, at the venerable age of eighty-six years. His widow has reached the eighty-sixth milestone on life's journey and resides with the subject of this sketch. Charles H. Bakeman attended the public schools of his native state and in 1879 completed a course in the Green Bay Business College. He learned the carriage maker's trade in Wisconsin and in 1883, when a young man of twenty-two, journeyed to Portland, Oregon. En June, 1883, he arrived in Tacoma, Washington, and soon afterward left for Seattle. He had several thousand dollars to invest and saw many real estate openings in Seattle, being offered a half block on Commercial street, between Third and Fourth, for one thousand dollars. However, he did not purchase the property as the boom had subsided and decided to visit Snohomish, then regarded as "the end of the world." He made the trip on a little steamer, reaching his destination at the end of a day's ride, and was well pleased with the locality, in which he has since made his home. He opened a carriage shop and also made furniture, having the first establishment of the kind in the county. In the fall of 1883 he completed the first buggy ever made on Puget Sound and sold the vehicle to a bachelor, who lived above Monroe, receiving the sum of one hundred and twenty dollars for it. As there were no roads he had no use for the buggy and was very fortunate in securing a buyer. In 1884 he bought a dining room set consisting of thirteen chairs and a sixteen foot table, all of walnut, for which he paid seventeen dollars at a sale in Seattle, and intended to use the lumber. This furniture, worth today at least three hundred dollars, he sold to Robert Hilton, a bachelor, for thirty-five dollars. Mr. Hilton, a native of the Pine Tree state, took the set to his cabin and its history thereafter is unknown to Mr. Bakeman. In January, 1884, when ice formed in the river, a settler came to Mr. Bakeman's shop and asked him to provide a casket. Although totally inexperienced in the work, he was equal to the emergency and completed the task satisfactorily, afterward making caskets whenever they were needed in the locality. In January, 1884, he embarked in the undertaking business in conjunction with the manufacture of furniture, which he sold largely in wholesale lots. He is one of the pioneer funeral directors of Washington and in equipment and service his establishment is unexcelled. He is tactful, courteous and efficient, and his reasonable prices and well known reliability have brought him a large share of public patronage. In 1886 Mr. Bakeman married Miss Nina Blackman, a sister of A. M. Blackman, mentioned elsewhere in this work, and four children were born to them, namely : Inez, who is the wife of H. R. Fulton of Seattle and the mother of two daughters ; Guy, deceased ; Frances Louise, a teacher in the Snohomish high school ; and Charles T., who is taking a course in electrical engineering at the State University, in which the other children also completed their education. Mr. Bakeman is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Knights of The Mac- CHARLES H. BAKEMAN HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 603 cabees, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Yeomen. He is allied with the republican party and for five terms was county coroner. He was a member of the city council for twenty years and has served on the school board longer than any other man in the county. He was first called to that body in 1885 and in every office has acquitted himself with dignity, fidelity and honor. He was the founder of the Snohomish Condensed Milk Company and has been the leading spirit in every project for civic development and advancement. Mr. Bakeman is known and respected throughout the county and state, and his life record furnishes an excellent illustration of what constitutes good citizenship. WILLIAM S. PAGE Although a native of the south, William S. Page has spent the greater part of his life in Washington and is thoroughly western in spirit and interests. He is deputy collector of customs at Everett and for more than a quarter of a century has been connected with this branch of the government service. He was born August 28, 1868, in Williamstown, Kentucky, and his parents were J. K. and Sarah (Woodyard) Page. His father fought for the Union during the -dark days of civil strife and the remainder of his life was devoted to agricultural pursuits. Mr. Page spent his boyhood on the home farm and obtained his higher education in the University of Kentucky, from which he was graduated in 1893 with the degree of civil engineer. He came to Washington in the same year and engaged in teaching at Olympia and Tacoma. He was principal of the Fern Hill school in Pierce county and in 1900 entered the United States customs service. He was stationed at Danville, Washington, for twenty-three years and in December, 1923, was transferred to Everett. He is conscientious, efficient and painstaking in the discharge of his duties and through broad experience has acquired a detailed knowledge of this line of work. In 1902 Mr. Page was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Carroll, of Red Bluff, California, and they have become the parents of three children : Carroll, Hubert and Ethel. While following the profession of teaching Mr. Page responded to the call to the colors and went to Cuba with the United States army. He belongs to the Spanish-American War Veterans Association and along fraternal lines is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is unbiased in his political views and in all matters of citizenship is loyal, patriotic and public-spirited. He has a keen sense of his responsibilities and his record is an unblemished one. PERCY P. COOLEY, M. D. Dr. Percy P. Cooley is a rising young medical practitioner of Monroe who has demonstrated his professional ability in the successful treatment of many difficult cases. He was born at Augusta, Kansas, on the 17th of September, 1896. the son of Thomas W. and Amanda R. Cooley. The father is a retired ranchman now residing at Oklahoma, Oklahoma. Percy P. Cooley supplemented his early education by a course of study in the Southwestern State Teachers College at Weatherford, Oklahoma, and following his graduation therefrom in 1918 he taught school for a short time. The following year he was graduated from the University of Oklahoma at Norman with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, while in 1921 the degree of Bachelor of Science was conferred upon him. Subsequently he entered the medical department of the same institution, from which he received the degree of M. D. in 1923. After serving for a time as an interne at the university hospital, Dr. Cooley made his way to the Pacific northwest and from 1924 until 1925 was engaged in the practice of medicine at Snohomish, Washington, in association with Dr. Durrant. It was in the latter year that he opened an office at Monroe, where he has since remained in the general practice of his chosen profession and has already gained an enviable reputation in this connection. Possessing a thorough knowledge of remedial agencies and comprehensive understanding of the scientific principles which underlie his work, he has met with marked success in checking the ravages of disease. He is a member of the Snohomish County Medical Society and the Washington State Medical Society and also a fellow of the American Medical Association. In 1921 Dr. Cooley was united in marriage to Miss Florence York. In politics Dr. Cooley maintains an independent attitude, supporting men and measures rather than party. He enlisted in the Medical Corps in 1917 and thus served in the United States Army for six 604 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY months. He has membership in the American Legion, while fraternally he is identified with the Masons, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Greek letter society Phi Beta Pi. His popularity in both social and professional circles of his adopted county is indeed well deserved. WILLIAM F. WAGNER One of the most important departments of agriculture in Snohomish county is dairying, and in this line William F. Wagner is achieving success. Born in Bloomer, Wisconsin, on the 24th of May, 1885, he is a son of Frank and Katherine (Drummer) Wagner. In 1882 the father went to Seattle, Washington, where he remained three years, and then went to Chehalis, where he worked for Donahue & Gibson, managing a big ranch. Later he remained a few months in San Francisco, California, after which he returned to Wisconsin. He next went to the Iron Range in Minnesota and on his return to Wisconsin engaged in the meat business, which lie operated until 1900, when the family came to Whatcom county, Washington, the father buying eighty ac-es of land near Everson. This he developed and conducted general farming and dairying. In 1903 he sold out and went to Tacoma for a few months and then bought two hundred acres of land near Arlington, which he farmed for four years. Selling that, he moved to Everett, which was his home for a few years. He then bought sixty acres of land near Machias, which he farmed until selling it to his son. Twelve acres of this land is cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in pasture. William F. Wagner received a good public school education and remained with his father until 1909, when he left home and worked for day wages for a few years. He then bought the home place, which he is still operating. He has a fine dairy herd of Guernsey, Durham and Jersey cows and is making a pronounced success of the dairy business. ELMER LENFEST Elmer Lenfest, known throughout northwestern Washington as a civil engineer of marked ability, has continuously followed his profession for thirty-seven years, rendering valuable service to both the town and county of Snohomish, and his success is doubly creditable because it has been achieved through the exercise of self-denial and the qualities of diligence and perseverance. A son of Eugene and Mary U. (Blackman) Lenfest, he was born September 10, 1864, and is a native of Bradley, Maine. His parents came to the Pacific coast in 1889 and settled in Snohomish, Washington. The father followed the occupation of farming for many years and is now enjoying a well earned rest. Elmer Lenfest attended the public schools of his native state and afterward entered the State College of Maine, from which he was graduated in 1886 with the degree of Civil Engineer. He engaged in teaching until the spring of 1887 and then journeyed westward to St. Paul, Minnesota. He went from that state to Montana and in 1888 came to Washington, locating in Snohomish. He was employed by Blackman Brothers for a few months and in the spring of 1889 opened an office as a consulting engineer, practicing in partnership with H. P. Niles. In 1890 Mr. Lenfest was elected county surveyor and filled the position for two years. He was county engineer from 1904 until 1908, and as city engineer of Snohomish had charge of most of the street improvements. The prestige which he won in these offices has brought him a large clientele and his services have been sought by a number of important lumber corporations. He has constructed many miles of railroad for logging operations and is a recognized expert in his line of work. In 1891 Mr. Lenfest married Miss Sylvia Ferguson, a daughter of Emory C. and Gertrude (Morgan) Ferguson and of pioneer stock. Her father was born in New York and went to California in the early days. He migrated to Washington, locating in Olympia, and later came to Snohomish county. He entered a homestead and also preempted land, becoming the owner of the present site of Snohomish. He opened the first store in Snohomish and was chiefly responsible for its development, becoming known as the father of the town. He held several county offices and served in the territorial assembly, acting as speaker of the house for many years. He was a remarkable man in many respects and left the impress of his individuality in notable measure upon the history of the commonwealth. Mr. and Mrs. Lenfest reside on the Ferguson homestead of thirty-two acres and the farm is operated by their son, Norman F. Mr. Lenfest belongs to the Knights of Pythias and has been connected with the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 605 organization since 1888. He is also a Mason and his political support is given to the republican party. Experience and study have broadened his knowledge and ripened his ability and his talents have been used to further the progress of the northwest. In the course of a long and useful career Mr. Lenfest has made many friends and the years have served to strengthen his hold upon their affections, for he is a man whom to know is to esteem and admire. KENNETH T. HANSEN With efficiency as his watchword, Kenneth T. Hansen has made rapid progress since entering the commercial world and he is now well known in automobile circles of Lake Stevens as the owner of a fine service station. An energetic, capable young business man, he was born December 3, 1892, in Auburn, Washington, and is a son of T. A. Hansen. His father cast in his lot with the early settlers of western Washington and has long been numbered among the prominent merchants of Auburn, enjoying an enviable reputation as a hardware dealer. K. T. Hansen supplemented his public school education by a course in the Everett Business College, from which he was graduated in 1911, and for several years he was a mill employe, rising to the position of foreman. On December 9, 1921, he entered the garage business and now has an up-to-date service station, also handling tires, automobile accessories and Splitdorf radios. He is well informed on everything pertaining to the lines in which he specializes and has established a large clientele, giving to the business his undivided attention. In the rear of his filling station is a large garage, owned by R. 0. Kittleson and Albert Loth, who also operate a repair shop. They were formerly in partnership with Mr. Hansen but the business is now conducted as two separate concerns. In November, 1915, Mr. Hansen was united in marriage to Mildred Smith, of Granite Falls, and they now have two children, Robert and Bettie June. Mr. Hansen is a Mason and gives his political support to the republican party. He is a forceful factor in the business life of the community and his personal qualities are such as make for popularity. TRYGVE LIEN Trygve Lien, postmaster of Stanwood, was born November 20, 1892, in the vicinity of the town, and his parents, N. M. and Kriste Lien, were pioneers of North Dakota. They journeyed to Washington in 1889 and settled on a ranch near Stanwood, where the father followed the occupation of farming until his demise in 1918, while the mother was called to her final rest in 1921. Mr. Lien attended the public schools of Stanwood and was graduated from a business college of Seattle. He aided his father in the work of tilling the soil and acquired a practical knowledge of agricultural pursuits. He operated the home farm for five years and on July 1, 1924, was appointed postmaster of Stanwood. He is well qualified for the office and his duties are performed with faithfulness and efficiency. On October 19, 1916, Mr. Lien married Miss Bessie Andrews, by whom he has three children: Robert, Harold and Billie. Mr. Lien is a stanch adherent of the republican party, for he believes its policy best conserves national progress and promotes public stability. He is a young man of high principles and has many sincere friends in this locality, in which his life has been passed. GEORGE SCHARF George Scharf is a dealer in meat and one of the substantial business men of Snohomish. He was born February 5, 1882, in Clay county, Iowa, and is a son of Henry and Elizabeth Scharf. The latter passed away in the Hawkeye state and in 1902 the father came to northwestern Washington in company with the subject of this sketch. They settled in Snohomish county, in which the father has since followed agricultural pursuits, bringing his land to a high state of development. George Scharf was educated in the public schools of Iowa and worked for some time on the ranch in Washington, aiding his father in the tasks of plowing, planting and harvesting. He learned the meat business in the employ of the Columbia Packing Company and for eighteen years served that corporation with efficiency and faithfulness. In 1922 he estab- 006 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY lished a business of his own, choosing Snohomish as the scene of his activities, and is now operating on a large scale. He caters to both the wholesale and retail trades and also buys and sells live stock. He has a highly specialized knowledge of the business, which has constituted his life work, and also possesses the poise, initiative and foresight of the successful executive. In 1909 Mr. Scharf married Miss Mamie Zeffel, a daughter of Martin Zeffel, one of the pioneer settlers of Snohomish county, and to this union were born three sons : Irving, Harvey and Robert. Mr. Scharf joined the Elks lodge at Everett and he is also connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Knights of Pythias and the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan. He is an adherent of the republican party and a good citizen, in sympathy with every movement for public betterment. Early in life he realized that close application constitutes the basis of all advancement and his record proves what may he accomplished by the man of ambition, energy, intelligence and honesty. GUST JOHNSON Gust Johnson has had a varied career, the major portion of his life having been spent on the sea, but he is now one of the prosperous farmers of Snohomish county, his ranch near Everett comparing favorably with any in that locality. Mr. Johnson was born in Norway in 1860 and is a son of John Chelson and Mary Christine (Christofferson) Johnson, both now deceased. The father was a sailor and his father, Captain Chelson, was in command of boats on the high seas. The subject's parents are now deceased. Gust Johnson went to sea in boyhood, sailing the high seas until August 27, 1878, when he arrived at Port Townsend, Washington. From that time he sailed on vessels and tugs in the Puget Sound district, becoming mate of the "Eliza Anderson," a side-wheeler built at Portland, Oregon, in 1848. He also became captain of tug boats, later owning the "Purenton," which he ran for a number of years. Then quitting the sea, he worked in mills for a time and in 1904 came to Everett and took control of the Everett boathouse, where he hired out launches and row boats. In 1911 Mr. Johnson bought forty acres of land in the Sunnyside district and during the following ten years, as opportunity offered, he worked at clearing the land of the stumps and brush which covered it. In 1921 he built a good house and moved onto the place, where he has since lived. On November 9, 1888, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Gertrude Lee, who was born in Bergen, Norway, and they are the parents of two children: Oscar, who is captain on a steamship out of Everett ; and Ordella, who is the wife of 0. D. Carlson, of Everett. Mr. Johnson has for thirty years been a member of the Woodmen of the World, while his political alignment is with the republican party. He has had an active career and now is able to take life easy, enjoying the comfort and pleasure of a splendid farm home, where he finds plenty to do to while away the time. Because of his splendid personal qualities he is well liked by all who know him. C. H. TRACY Among the old and reliable moneyed institutions of Snohomish county is the Arlington State Bank, which has been in operation for more than a quarter of a century, and C. H. Tracy, its efficient cashier, has faithfully served the bank for twenty years. He was born January 9, 1878, in Carson City, Nevada, his parents being Richard and Mary Tracy, the former now deceased. In 1889, when eleven years of age, he accompanied his mother on the journey to Stanwood and his education was completed in the public schools of Washington. In the spring of 1903 he accepted a position in the Arlington State Bank and was made assistant cashier. The bank was established December 10, 1900, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars and was first located in a small structure on Railroad avenue. On September 1, 1903, the business was moved to a two-story building which is owned by the bank and well adapted to its needs. C. E. Bingham was the first president and still controls the destiny of the bank, which is conducted along conservative lines, while its methods are founded on a broad policy of cooperation. A. E. Holland acted as vice president until his demise in July, 1923, and his place has since been filled by Q. P. Reno. R. S. Bloos was cashier until October, 1908, when he was succeeded by C. H. Tracy, who has since filled that office, and the assistant cashiers are Garnet Kernaghan and Bertha Benedict. The personnel of the board of directors is as foliows : C. E. Bingham, Q. R. Bingham, A. H. Bingham, C. A. Hud- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 607 son and Q. P. Reno. The business has enjoyed a continuous and healthful growth and the hank's statement of December 31, 1925, showed deposits of approximately three hundred and seventy-two thousand, seven hundred dollars, while the surplus and undivided profits amounted to nine thousand, five hundred dollars. Through untiring effort and careful, systematic work Mr. Tracy has aided in promoting the success of the institution and his well known integrity is one of its most valuable assets. Mr. Tracy is one of the enterprising members of the Arlington Chamber of Commerce and enters with zeal and enthusiasm into every project for civic growth and progress. He is a republican in his political views but has never sought office as a reward for party fealty. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is devoted to the interests in his charge and a courteous manner and pleasing personality have drawn to him a wide circle of loyal friends. JOHN P. ANDERSON A fine type of the Scandinavian race, John P. Anderson has achieved success through the medium of his own efforts and exerts a strong influence in business circles of Stanwood but is a resident of Florence. He was born April 17, 1869, and is a native of Norway. In 1886, when a youth of seventeen, he came to the United States and spent two years in South Dakota. He journeyed to northwestern Washington in 1888 and worked for a time on farms in the vicinity of Stanwood. He afterward entered a homestead in this locality and through industry and perseverance eventually transformed the wild tract into a productive farm, on which he placed many improvements. In 1895 he went to Alaska in company with H. C. Anderson and both were employed by the North American Trading and Transportation Company. Subsequently they secured mines in that country and for a number of years the subject of this sketch operated claim No. 42 on Bonanza creek, afterward leasing the property. In the fall of 1906 he returned to Stanwood and is now executor for the estate of H. C. Anderson, who was the owner of fine farming land. The business is wisely and successfully managed and on one of the ranches there is a herd of pure bred Holstein cattle. John P. Anderson is also the owner of valuable farms, which he rents, and derives a substantial income from his investments. He is a sagacious, far-sighted business man and his integrity is above question. In 1904 Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Ryan, of Stanwood, and they now have four children: Lillian, Orville, Alfred and Carsten. Mr. Anderson is an adherent of the republican party but has never sought political office, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. He is deeply interested in Masonic affairs and stands high in that order. He was twice master of Camano Lodge, No. 19, F. & A. M., and has been high priest of Mount Vernon Chapter, No. 17, R. A. M. He is a past commander of Mount Vernon Commandery, No. 16, K. T., and a Noble of Nile Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Anderson has been the recipient of important trusts, all of which he has discharged with fidelity and ability, and time has proven his worth. He has a wide acquaintance and enjoys the unqualified esteem of all with whom he has been associated. H. LANSDOWN Starting at the bottom, H. Lansdown has worked his way steadily upward in the business world, performing with thoroughness and fidelity every task assigned him, and he is now at the head of a large mail order house, ranking with Everett's leading business men. He is a native of Wales and a son of Job and Emily Lansdown, who brought their family to the United States. They settled in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and the father became a railroad employe. H. Lansdown came to Everett when a young man of twenty-two and in the fall of 1898 secured a position with the Puget Sound Wire & Nail Company. He was next in the service of the Rice Lumber Company and later became a member of the firm of Weidauer & Lans-down, operating a sawmill at Blackman's Point. In 1913 he organized the H. Lansdown Company, opening an office in the Dorchester block, and embarked in the mail order business. In 1917 he established a retail lumberyard at Everett and the general office is now situated at the south end of Cedar street in a building two hundred and twenty-five by one hundred and twenty feet in dimensions. Seven girls are required for the office work and four men are 608 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY employed in the yard. The firm sells fence posts, lumber, shingles, sash, doors and other building material by mail to farmers and eastern contractors, buying the product direct from the mills and shipping it mostly in carload lots. Mr. Lansdown is president of the company, which has shipped over one million dollars worth of merchandise to farmers, and to the control of this extensive business he brings ripe experience, keen powers of discernment anti administrative ability of a high order. In 1900 Mr. Lansdown married Miss Bessie Grose, of Park City, Utah, and they now have two daughters, Elizabeth and Lois, both of whom are students at the University of Washington. At the time of the organization of the Young Men's Christian Association of Everett, Mr. Lansdown was made treasurer and filled that office until 1925. He is one of the progressive members of the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Kiwanis Club and the Royal Arcanum. With efficiency as his watchword, he has made his name one of power and influence in the Pacific northwest and his prosperity is well deserved, for it has resulted from honorable dealing and concentrated effort. JAMES L. FURLONG James L. Furlong, a member of one of the old families of Western Washington, is a typical westerner, well qualified to cope with life's problems and difficulties, and although young in years, he has already gained a secure foothold in commercial circles of Granite Falls. He was born June 23, 1894, in Port Townsend, Washington, and is a son of James and Katherine (Corish) Furlong, natives of Ireland. They settled in Port Townsend in the '80s and as a cement finisher the father was long connected with building operations in that locality, in which he still resides. The public schools of his native town afforded James L. Furlong his educational advantages and he began his business career as a clerk in a drug store at Port Townsend. When a young man of twenty-three he obtained a similar position in Everett and in 1917 responded to the call to arms, serving for a short time in the United States army. In 1922 he came to Granite Falls and purchased the Pullen drug store, of which he has since been the proprietor. He has a thorough understanding of the business, to which he has devoted deep thought and study, and courteous service, up-to-date methods and fair dealing have brought him a large share of public patronage. On July 7, 1917, Mr. Furlong was united in marriage to Miss Anita Laymance, of Waterville, Washington, and they now have a son, James. Mr. Furlong is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and casts an independent ballot, placing the qualifications of a candidate before party affiliations. He is a young man of strong character, thoroughly imbued with the spirit of enterprise, and his ambition, ability and energy insure his continuous progress. CLYDE E. TRAFTON It is a well authenticated fact that success comes as a result of legitimate and well applied energy, unflagging determination and sturdy perseverance. In tracing the record of the influential business man and representative citizen whose name introduces this sketch, it is plainly seen that the prosperity which he enjoys has been won through his own indomitable efforts and his personal worth has gained for him the high esteem of those who know him. Clyde E. Traf ton was born in Seattle, Washington, on the 17th of November, 1889, and is a son of Richard and Katherine (Fackney) Traf ton, who located in Seattle in 1888, moving in 1889 to Anacortes, where Mr. Trafton was the first town marshal. Later he engaged in boat and yacht building there, being an expert in that line of work. Both parents are now deceased. Clyde E. Traf ton attended the public schools of Anacortes and also took a course in a business school there. He then learned the trade of marine gas engineer, after which he served fourteen years on the sea, securing both captain's and engineer's licenses. He next established an automobile repairing and machine shop business in Anacortes, which he conducted until July, 1916, after which he was captain on tug boats under Capt. Harry Rennwell, of Everett, with whom he remained until May, 1923. He then opened the Bayside garage and machine shop at 710 Hewitt avenue, in which enterprise he has met with well merited success. He is an expert mechanic, particularly in regard to gas motors, and has gained a wide reputation because of the high quality of his work. He is careful and painstaking and has built up a large and prosperous business. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 609 On August 12, 1917, Mr. Trafton was married to Miss Anna Cleary, of Jacksonville, Illinois. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, while his political support is given in accordance with his best judgment. He earnestly supports every measure advanced for the betterment of the community and is generous in his attitude towards all worthy causes. Because of his indomitable energy he has won success and his friendly and agreeable manner, has gained him a host of warm and loyal friends. PAUL HEYNER Paul Heyner, a forceful figure in business circles of Snohomish, is known throughout the county as a contractor of more than average ability, and laid the foundation for a successful career in the strict discipline and rigorous training incident to the life of the farm-bred boy. A son of Carl and Barbara (Mockmeyer) Heyner, he was born in 1884 and is a native of Albany, Wisconsin. His parents came to northwestern Washington in 1901, locating near Snohomish on December 17th of that year, and the father raised produce for the local market. He continued to follow the occupation of farming until his demise in 1915 and his widow is still a resident of this locality. Mr. Heyner was reared on the homestead and received a public school education. He aided his father in the cultivation of the soil, performing his share of the arduous work of the farm, and was afterward employed in logging camps. Being eager to advance, he saved as much as possible from his earnings and in 1907 was ready to embark in an independent venture, choosing the field of contracting. He has since continued in this line of activity and is now at the head of a large business, furnishing employment to four men. He is the owner of a valuable gravel pit and his equipment includes a drag-line scraper, an electric hoist and a five-ton delivery truck. The material is washed as it is removed from the pit and the sand and gravel are of superior quality. Mr. Heyner has the oldest business of the kind in the county and his product has been used in the construction of many of its fine roads and buildings. His work is performed with thoroughness and efficiency and a well deserved reputation for promptness and reliability has brought him many important contracts. He belongs to the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Knights of Pythias and the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan. He is a republican but has never entered politics, reserving all of his energies for business affairs. Mr. Heyner has achieved prosperity, at the same time contributing toward the upbuilding and improvement of the county, and has won the reward of the useful, upright citizen—the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. J. T. ROGERS With the history of Everett's development J. T. Rogers is thoroughly familiar, for he came to the city when it was a small settlement and has been an interested witness of its growth and progress, bearing his part in the work of upbuilding and improvement. He rendered good service to the commonwealth as a member of the state legislature and is now acting as deputy sheriff of Snohomish county. He was born in 1864 and is a native of Wales. In 1871 his parents, Thomas and Mary (Jones) Rogers, made the voyage to the new world, establishing their home in Taylor, Pennsylvania, and the father worked in the coal mines of that state. J. T. Rogers was a boy of seven when the family crossed the Atlantic and his education was acquired in the public schools of Pennsylvania. There he was employed as a miner for a number of years and in 1888 journeyed to Seattle, Washington. He became a bookkeeper for the Franklin Mining Company and in 1889 moved to Snohomish. He worked for the Blackman Mill Company and also for Charles Bakeman, and in 1891 embarked in the undertaking business at Everett. He was a pioneer in this field and erected the first wooden building on Hewitt avenue between Chestnut and Maple streets. In 1898 he went to Alaska, lured by the discovery of gold, and a year later returned to Washington, becoming associated with the Everett Improvement Company. He prospered as the years passed and in 1910 started the State Bank at Oak Harbor, Washington, being still a director of that institution. He was secretary of the Elks Lodge for thirteen years and since 1923 has been chief deputy sheriff of Snohomish county. He is very competent and never wavers in the performance of duty, having a keen sense of the responsibilities o f his position. In 1895 Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Laura Beegle, of Pennsylvania, and 610 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY seven children were born to them. Mr. Rogers is a Mason and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is allied with the republican party and for three terms represented his district in the state legislature. He carefully studied all measures brought before the house and left the impress of his individuality upon the laws enacted during those sessions. He was elected county coroner in 1905 and has served on the school board, while during the early days he was a member of the town council of Everett. Mr. Rogers has been the recipient of many trusts, all of which have been faithfully discharged, and his life has been active and useful, actuated by worthy motives and guided by high principles. W. H. DUNBAR W. H. Dunbar is classed with those who are achieving enviable reputations as enterprising and successful business men and who are in a very definite measure contributing to the material prosperity of Edmonds. Born in Michigan, on the 3d of November, 1858, he is a son of Charles S. and Saviah (Norton) Dunbar, natives of New York. After acquiring a public school education W. H. Dunbar prepared for the profession of civil engineering, which he has practiced continuously to the present time. For about twelve years he followed that line of work in Yakima county, Washington, during a part of which time he served as engineer for the towns of Granger and Grandview, and for three years was deputy county engineer of Yakima county. In 1918 he entered government service in connection with railroad work in the Grays Harbor country and was later with the housing corporation at Bremerton. He located at Port Orchard, where he served as county engineer for Kitsap county, and in September, 1921, came to Edmonds, where the following year he was appointed city engineer by Mayor Beeson, and in that capacity has rendered valuable and appreciated service. He is now active in the real estate and insurance field, having taken over the insurance business of the late James A. Robertson. He has taken an active part in the upbuilding of Edmonds and in the real estate field has contributed to the expansion of the city. One of his most effective enterprises was the placing of the Olympic View tract on the market, thus promoting a new addition in the beautiful section between the two southern highway entrances to the city. Mr. Dunbar is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, while his religious connection is with the Methodist Episcopal church. Shortly after coming to Edmonds he became director of music at the Hughes Memorial Methodist Episcopal church and his efforts in that capacity have been recognized as of an unusually high order. Personally, Mr. Dunbar is a man of impressive personality and agreeable manner, has made a host of acquaintances throughout this section of the county and all who know him are glad to call him friend. GEORGE W. PUTNAM The creation of the splendid farms which now dot the landscape of northwestern Snohomish county involved an enormous amount of the hardest sort of labor, for this section of the country was originally a veritable wilderness. George W. Putnam has borne his full share in the labor incident to this development and today he is reaping the fruits of years of earnest and persistent effort, being the owner of a well improved and productive farm in the Arlington district. Mr. Putnam was born in Wright county, Minnesota, on the 1st of April, 1862, and is a son of Peter and Hannah Putnam, both of whom were natives of New York state, where the father was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he followed during the active years of his life. Of the seven children born to him and his wife, four are living : Mrs. Mary Drew, George W., Mrs. Jane Gordon and Mrs. Viola Putnam. George W. Putnam received a good public school education in Minnesota and remained at home until his father's death. He then went to work in logging camps and on the river, and later learned the trades of blacksmith and carpenter. He followed the latter for thirty years in Minnesota, and after coming to Everett, Washington, in January, 1910, he was similarly employed until June of that year. He then bought one hundred and twenty acres of land one and a half miles east of Edgecomb, a part of the old Kinnear homestead, which had been filed on about 1888. A few acres were partly cleared and an old split-cedar house and two small barns stood on the place. Mr. Putnam applied himself at once to the improvement of the place and now has about twenty-five acres cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in timber and stump pasture. He has made a number of fine improvements on the place, including a large barn HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 611 erected in 1918, a new, modern house in 1919, and a silo in 1921. Hay and oats are his principal crops, enough corn also being raised to fill the silo. He keeps ten good dairy cows and has been very successful in the operation of the farm. On December 21, 1892, at Big Lake, Minnesota, Mr. Putnam was married to Miss Lilla M. Putnam, who was born there and is a daughter of John E. and Nancy A. (Merriam) Putnam, both natives of Massachusetts. John Putnam, who was born at Sutton, Massachusetts, November 10, 1826, went to Minnesota in 1856, being a pioneer of that locality, and his death occurred there in 1901, his wife dying March 6, 1914. He was the second white settler in the Big Lake district and became a man of considerable prominence in local public affairs, being an active republican in his political affiliation. He served successively as register of deeds, county auditor, probate judge, clerk of courts and county commissioner, and for thirty years was also postmaster at Big Lake. Of his nine children the following survive: Elmer Eugene, who is now postmaster at Big Lake, Minnesota ; George F., who lives at Bend, Oregon; William H., who resides at Little Falls, Minnesota ; and Lilla M. To Mr. and Mrs. George W. Putnam have been born five children. Hugh Elmer, born November 10, 1893, is married and has a daughter, Leila Ann, born July 30, 1923. Mrs. Ethel May Wilson, born August 19, 1895, is the mother of a daughter, Della Maude, born March 14, 1917. Glenn Irving, born February 2, 1897, is married and has a daughter, Elizabeth Maude, born May 13, 1923. Mrs. Estella E. Holmes was born April 14, 1899. Mrs. Marjory Martin, born September 23, 1902, is the mother of a daughter, Peggy Joyce. Mr. Putnam is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington. He and his wife are ardent supporters of the republican party and both have taken an active part in local public affairs, Mr. Putnam having served three years as a member of the Burn school board, in which position Mrs. Putnam also served for several years. He possesses to a marked degree the essential elements of good citizenship, and throughout the community he enjoys the confidence and friendship of his fellowmen. LEONIDUST ROGERS For many years Leonid.ust Rogers was closely identified with the history of Snohomish county, of which he became a resident in 1870. His life was one of untiring activity and was crowned with success, as the result of his earnest and untiring efforts. He was of the highest type of citizen and enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen, his death being regarded as a distinct loss to the community which he had honored by his residence. Mr. Rogers was born in Galena, Illinois, in 1838, and was a son of Robert B. Rogers. He attended the public schools, and on the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in defense of his country and served throughout the conflict. In 1870 he came to Washington, locating at Lake Beecher, where he took up a timber claim of one hundred and sixty acres. Later he sold that and engaged in logging on Whidbey island, and afterward followed that same business on the Stillaguamish river, making his home at Stanwood. Beginning in 1887 he and William Douglas operated a logging camp on the South fork for several years, and in 1889 Mr. Rogers and Al Dinsmore built the first hotel at Haller City, now Arlington. After operating that hotel for a few years, Mr. Rogers sold his interest. Prior to that he had taken up a homestead on the South fork, four miles east of Arlington, and there he established his home, living there until about two years prior to his death, which occurred near Bremerton, April 24, 1925, at the age of eighty-seven years. In 1897 Mr. Rogers had made a trip to Alaska, where he followed mining for four years, and in 1910 made a second trip to that territory, remaining about a year. In March, 1889, Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss • Georgia Anderson, who was born in Snohomish, Washington, March 20, 1870, a daughter of John P. and Nellie Anderson, the former of whom was a native of Sweden and the latter of Snohomish county. Mr. Anderson came to the United States in 1858, coming directly to Washington, of which he was one of the early pioneers. He was one of the first white settlers in Snohomish county, taking up a homestead at Lake Beecher, and lived here during the remainder of his life, his death occurring March 29, 1898. He was a practical surveyor and his services were in great demand during those early years here. He surveyed many large tracts of land in this county. He was widely known among all the old "territorials" of the Puget Sound country and was held in high esteem by all. In his youth he had gone to sea, and sailed all over the world, rising to the command of his ships. To him and his wife were born seven children, namely : Georgia, Mrs. Rogers ; Samuel, who died in 1896 ; Charles, who lives in 612 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Alaska ; Henry and John, who live in Snohomish county ; Walter, who died in 1881; and Alfred, who died in 1900. To Mr. and Mrs. Rogers were born twelve children, namely : Mercedes, Lareda, Lee, deceased, Louis, Vicenza, Lambert, Albacite, deceased, Elzina, Irene, James, deceased, Mae and Stanley. Louis enlisted for service in the World war, was sent overseas and was killed on the field of battle in France. Mrs. Rogers has a number of grandchildren : Mrs. Mercedes Bates has four children—Robert, Samuel, David and George. Lareda has six children, five by her first marriage, to Mr. Wagner—Charles, George, Lottie, Bernice and Maxine—and one by her second marriage, to Mr. Phelps—a son, Bernard. Mrs. Vicenza Rimbey has two boys, Carl and Wilbur. Mrs. Elzina Freese has two children, Orla and Gale. ALEX 0. GEDSTAD Alex 0. Gedstad, one of Snohomish county's representative agriculturists and venerable citizens, resides on a splendidly improved farm comprising sixty-four and one-half acres lying two and one-half miles southeast of Stanwood. A native son of Norway, he was born on the 26th of November, 1845, his parents being Ole and Tilda Gedstad, who emigrated to the United States in 1873 and made their way to the territory of South Dakota, taking up a homestead claim of one hundred and sixty acres in Lincoln county. The family experienced all the hardships and vicissitudes of life in a pioneer district. They were obliged to burn the prairie hay for fuel during the cold winter months and their crops were eaten by the grasshoppers, but they fought bravely on and eventually reaped the reward of their labors. Ole Gedstad remained on his South Dakota farm to the time of his death, which occurred about 1900, while his wife departed this life in 1904. They were the parents of nine children, namely : Alex 0., of this review ; Knut, who is deceased ; Ole; Kittle ; Sena ; Hattie; Edwin, and two who died in early life. Alex 0. Gedstad acquired his education as a public school pupil in his native land and after putting aside his textbooks assisted his father at home and also worked in the employ of others. He was a young man of twenty-eight years when in 1873 he came with his parents to the new world and, like his four brothers, took up a homestead claim in South Dakota. He likewise acquired a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres but subsequently sold a quarter section of his land, cultivating the remainder until 1891, when he disposed of that also. In the year mentioned he came west to Snohomish county, Washington, and here operated a rented ranch in the vicinity of Florence for twelve months. On the expiration of that period he went into the logging camps on South Slough, near Arlington, working in the timber for one year. During the succeeding six years he cultivated a rented farm at Olympia Marsh in Skagit county, after which he returned to Florence and leased the Myra ranch for one year. It was in 1899 that he purchased sixty-four and one-half acres of land on the highway, two and one-half miles southeast of Stanwood—a tract of woods, brush and swamps. This is still in his possession and is now nearly all cleared and drained. He erected a good residence thereon and built a large barn in 1910. In the following year he went to Alberta, Canada, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land near Hughenden, where he followed farming for six years, leasing his ranch at Stanwood during that period. In 1917 he returned to Stanwood, where he is now living with his wife and two sons, Ole and Albert, to whom he has relegated the active work of the ranch, being now in his eighty-first year. He keeps twenty good grade cows on the pasture and devotes his land principally to the raising of hay, of which he harvests large crops annually. In the evening of their lives Mr. and Mrs. Gedstad are in comfortable financial circumstances, owning an excellent farm on the main paved highway to Seattle as well as a section of good wheat land in Alberta, Canada. Mr. Gedstad is a member of the Dairymen's Association and enjoys an enviable reputation as one of the prosperous farmers and highly esteemed citizens of this county. On the 24th of May, 1876, Mr. Gedstad was united in marriage to Miss Julia Larson, a native of Norway and a daughter of Tharal and Betsy Larson, who were also born in that country. The father, a well educated man, taught school in Norway for several years prior to his emigration to the new world and subsequently acted as instructor in Norwegian schools of the United States. It was in 1873 that he came to this country, settling first in South Dakota, where he engaged in farming until 1884. In the latter year he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and purchased a ranch in the vicinity of Florence, where he continued to reside until called to his final rest on the 23d of December, 1904. Mrs. Betsy Larson passed away in December, 1917. Their family numbered twelve children, as follows : Mrs. Julia Gedstad , MR. AND MRS. ALEX 0. GEDSTAD HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 615 Carrie ; Louis, who is deceased; Andrew ; Henry; Theodore ; Annie; Tilda, deceased ; John; Josephine, deceased; and two who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Gedstad became the parents of seven children, namely: Ole B., who is deceased; Mrs. Tilly Prestlein, who is the mother of nine children; Mrs. Caroline Satra, who has three children; Bertha, deceased; Ole B., who is a widower and is active in the operation of the home ranch; Annie, who has passed away ; and Albert, who cultivates the Gedstad farm in association with his brother, Ole. Mr. and Mrs. Alex 0. Gedstad celebrated their golden wedding anniversary on the 24th of May, 1926. They are members of the Lutheran church at Stanwood and are very widely and favorably known, having a circle of friends which is almost coextensive with the circle of their acquaintance. GEORGE SNEATTLUM George Sneattlum, whose father, Chief Sneattlum of the Skagit tribe of Indians, then residing on Whidbey island north of Holmes Harbor and who was one of the chiefs signing the Stevens treaty at Mukilteo January 22, 1855, is recognized as head chief of the Skagit Indians living on the Tulalip reservation, and is one of the most substantial, high minded and highly respected of Snohomish county Indians. He was born at Sneattlum Point, north of the present site of Coupeville, Whidbey island, in 1859, remaining there with his people until 1890, when he accepted an allotment of one hundred and sixty acres of heavily timbered land on the Tulalip reservation, a short distance northeast of the Agency reserve. Chief George sold the timber on his land at a good price, and in 1924 paid nine hundred twenty-four dollars for a highly fertile twenty-acre tract a short distance north of the Marysville-Tulalip highway, where he resides with his interesting family in a handsome five-room, modern bungalow. He has twelve acres under intensive cultivation, and has been specializing successfully in potatoes as a crop, to which he devotes half his cultivated acreage annually. Everything about Chief Sneattlum's farm is modern and attractive, from the huge, red barn with its white borders to the spacious garage in which he keeps his Oldsmobile car, for which he hires a chauffeur. Mrs. Sneattlum is a high class woman of the Skykomish tribe, who was Amelia Snyder at the time of their marriage eight years ago and the mother of a winsome daughter, Lucy, age sixteen, and a son, Silas, thirteen. Chief and Mrs. Sneattlum have been blessed with but one child, George Freeman Sneattlum, a bright four-year-old who at this time already shows the fine quality of his distinguished ancestry. Chief Sneattlum is one of the most learned residents of the Tulalip reservation in the matter of Indian lore and history. One of the cherished memories of his family relates to the first coming of white men to this district, at an early period in the reign of his father as chief of the Whidbey island Skagits, probably in the early '40s, and it is not unlikely that the white men were of the Commodore Wilkes U. S. surveying expedition of 1841. Chief Sneattlum and his people were at their village at Point Sneattlum when a great vessel arrived in the channel ; a large party of strange men put off in a smaller vessel headed for the village, whereupon all but the chief and a few of his bravest men fled. The chief of the white men tried to reciprocate the cordial attitude of the Indians by signs indicative of friendship, and then by the same means endeavored to find out who was the head man or chief. Sneattlum broke up a number of sticks of exactly equal length, sticking them in the ground in a circular group ; placing a much higher stick in the center, he indicated that the chief stick represented himself and the others his people. The white commander then invited the chief and the Indians with him to go aboard the ship and enjoy his hospitality, which after much discussion among themselves the Indians did, though with full appreciation of such a risk. They were entertained seated on chairs in a well furnished room, and orie of the first acts of the white commander's hospitality was to procure what his guests later found out was a bottle and some cups. Liquor was poured and the Indian guests were invited to drink with their strange white brethren. They all tried one drink of the fiery liquid, but its effects so frightened them that they at once decided to go back to shore. The white captain, however, persuaded them to remain a little longer, presenting each with a military cap, coat or other wearing apparel, and also procured a keg of syrup, which he persuaded his guests to taste, as well as to spread upon pieces of hard-tack and eat, which proved a delightful treat to Chief Sneattlum's party. The white captain then presented the entire keg of syrup to the chief, together with a supply of the old circular hard-tack, which latter the Indians did not relish and considered it some kind of hardwood bark. When the chief's party was conveyed back to the village by the 616 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ship's launch, the members of the tribe hiding in the woods returned, the great ship set its sails and passed from view, and the Skagit tribe spent the remainder of the day in joyous discussion of the strange event and examination of the curious gifts of the white men. SEYMOUR SHOULTES, JR. Among the leading and most progressive men living in the vicinity of Marysville is Seymour Shoultes, Jr., a representative of one of the best known families of this locality. He has consistently stood for all that is best in community life, contributing of his efforts and influence to the advancement of public interests. Mr. Shoultes is a native son of Snohomish county, born in 1898, his parents being Seymour and Elizabeth (Baird) Shoultes. The father was born in Madison, Wisconsin, and the mother in Portage, Wisconsin, of which state the Shoultes family became pioneers. Seymour Shoultes came to Snohomish county in 1881, and took up a tract of government land between Arlington and Marysville, being one of the first to locate in that section. His land was heavily timbered and at that time there were not even trails in the locality, it requiring a day to get through the dense forest and undergrowth to Marysville, a distance of five miles. He was the owner of three hundred and twenty acres, to the development of which} he devoted his efforts, eventually getting one hundred acres cleared and under the plow. An energetic and enterprising farmer, he achieved a success worthy of his efforts, and he was also prominent and active in all early movements for the improvement and progress of the community. His death occurred November 18, 1924, and that of his wife August 5, 1924. To them were born five children, as follows : Mary, who became the wife of Joseph Gungler, of Seattle; Stanley, who operates a ranch in this locality ; Janean Allen, who lives in Alaska; Ruth, the wife of Samuel Bostick, of Spokane, Washington; and Seymour, Jr. The last named received a good education in the public schools and remained on the home farm, assisting his father until the latter's death, since which time he has been farming on his own account. He has one hundred and sixty acres of land, eighty acres of which are cleared, and the farm buildings are of a permanent and substantial character. Mr. Shoultes is giving his attention mainly to dairy farming, keeping a herd of good grade Holstein cows. He is a member of Fidelity Grange, No. 106. In political affairs he is independent, voting according to the dictates of his own judgment. He has maintained a deep interest in educational matters, having served several years on the school board. He helped to found the first school in his immediate neighborhood, and the new union school No. 305 was named in his honor, being called the Shoultes school. He is progressive in his ideas and energetic in his labors, stands for improvement in all lines of activity, and he commands the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. OLE ANDREW ELIASON Many of the best citizens of Snohomish county have come from Norway and have taken an active and effective part in transforming this region from a comparative wilderness into prosperous farmsteads and thriving towns. Ole Andrew Eliason, who has been a resident of this county continuously since 1888, has borne his full share of the hard and continuous labor incident to the creation of improved farms and the building of comfortable and attractive homes throughout this locality. Bcrn in Norway, on the 6th of February, 1863, he is a son of Elias and Olava (Olsen) Holmstad, who in 1883 brought their family to the United States, locating in Jackson county, Minnesota, where the father engaged in farming for about five years. In the spring of 1888 they came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, whence, about three weeks later, the father and three sons went up the Stillaguamish river as far as Jordan, near which place all of them took up homesteads. They had an unpleasant experience in ascending the river, as they lost a large part of their supplies, their boat upsetting near the mouth of Jim creek. To add to their discomfort, the weather was wet and their only protection at first was a rude shelter of boughs which they constructed. However, they soon built a small split-cedar house, which was destroyed by fire two months later, and then they built a good sized log house. They began, clearing the land and lived there until 1906, by which time a large part of the land had been cleared. They then sold their holdings there and bought ten acres near Arlington, the most of which was cleared, but sold this three years later. They also cleared ten acres of a twenty acre tract which the father owned HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 617 near-by. In 1910 they went back to Jordan and farmed for about a year, and then came to Arlington and bought a home for the parents, in which they lived about six years. They then bought nine acres of land adjoining the city limits of Arlington, which is the present family home. The father died there January 22, 1922, at the age of eighty-five years, and the mother is still at that place and though eighty-seven years of age retains to a remarkable degree her strength, being able to attend to household duties. To Elias and Olava Holmstad were born thirteen children, namely : Mrs. Nellie Wick, who lives at Jordan ; Petra, deceased ; Ole, who lives at Jordan ; Edward E., who lives on Jim creek ; Oluf, with his mother ; Josephine, Ida, Elizabeth and Mrs. Nettie Furland, who are deceased; Mrs. Matilda Funk, who lives in Arlington ; Fred, in California ; Anton, in Everett ; and one who died in infancy. They also adopted two children, Mrs. Clara Fay, now of Carnation, Washington, and Charles Guyett, residing in Stanwood, this county. Ole A. Eliason was educated in the public schools of his native country and accompanied his parents on their emigration to America. In 1888 he came from Minnesota to Snohomish county and soon afterwards took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres of land, between Arlington and Granite Falls, which was heavily covered with cedar and fir. He at once began to clear this but some time later sold one hundred acres of the tract. Here he has given his attention to dairy farming, in which he has been successful, and raises good crops of hay, oats and potatoes. In 1913 he bought from the other heirs the estate of his father, *comprising eighty-five acres across the river, thirty acres of which are cleared, and he has now leased that place. By persistent labor, intelligently directed, he has attained a due measure of success and is now numbered among the substantial and prosperous farmers of this section of the county. He has made many permanent and substantial improvements on the property, the farm buildings being maintained in good condition, the general appearance of the ranch indicating him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. On September 7, 1897, Mr. Eliason was married to Miss Josephine Peterson, who is a native of Sweden and a daughter of Peter and Magdalena Peterson, both of whom died in their native land, the father in 1872 and the mother in 1904. They were the parents of five children, namely : Anna, Emma, Josephine, Jacob and Minnie. Mr. and Mrs. Eliason have seven children, as follows : Albert, born July 28, 1898 ; Hildor and Theodore, twins, born August 20, 1899 ; Elmer, born September 27, 1900 ; Emma, born July 26, 1903 ; Alfred, born January 5, 1905 ; and Mrs. Ruth Lundberg, born July 13, 1907. Hildor and Elmer, in partnership with Rufus Wilder, are the owners of a sawmill on the home farm, ha-ing a capacity of ten thousand feet daily. The mother of these children came to the United States in 1889, locating in Nebraska, where she lived five years, and then resided in California four years, when she came to Arlington, where she was living at the time of her marriage to Mr. Eliason. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has been greatly interested in educational affairs in his community and served for twenty years as a member of the Jordan school board, having been one of the organizers of that school. Candid and straightforward in all of his relations with his fellowmen, he has won their respect and good will, and has cooperated in the advancement of all measures for the betterment of the public welfare. ANDREW BENGTSON In studying the characteristics of various nationalities, it is interesting to note the outstanding qualities of each. Those of Swedish origin are found to be thrift, stability and soundness of judgment, qualities which should insure success under almost any conditions, and in Andrew Bengtson these attributes are exemplified in an unmistakable manner. Born in Sweden on the 14th of October, 1853, he is a son of Bengt and Annie (Olson) Anderson, farming folk, who died in Sweden. Andrew Bengtson attended the public schools and served two years in the national army. He then went to work on farms and in summer was employed at the carpenter's trade. In 1888 he came to the United States, locating first at Omaha, Nebraska, where he remained a little over a year, working for the gas company. In 1889 he came to the northwest, settling at West Seattle, where he was employed in a brickyard from Christmas to July, doing the work of two men. In July, 1890, he went to Lake Roesiger, where he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, after which he sent for his family, who had remained in Sweden, until he had become permanently located. The land was heavily timbered and the only entrance to the place was by a rough trail, so that he had to pack in all of his effects and supplies. Later he assisted in building a road to the place.. He built a schoolhouse on the home- 618 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY stead, having cleared about five acres of the land, but later the neighbors all moved away, thus causing the school to be closed. Thus his children were deprived of school privileges and so, in 1898, Mr. Bengtson bought his present place, containing one hundred and sixty acres of land and much better situated for educational facilities. This land was covered with stumps, logs and brush but Mr. Bengtson cleared and cultivated about forty acres. He has sold a large part of the land, keeping thirty-eight acres, which is well improved in every respect, having now a well kept farm and comfortable home. He is giving his main attention to dairying and formerly kept fifteen cows, which number he has reduced now to six, and he raises feed and roughage on his land sufficient for the stock. He also has a nice bearing berry patch. He also keeps a flock of laying hens. A number of years ago, while living on the homestead, Mr. Bengtson worked at Machias three years, being employed to run a cutter saw in the mill, and while there received a bad injury in his arm, which was cut from wrist to shoulder. In 1878, in Sweden, Mr. Bengtson was united in marriage to Miss Bengta Johnson, also a native of Sweden, and to them have been born eight children: Annie is the wife of Julius Walters, of Wagner's camp, and they have three children ; Mrs. Matilda Siebert, who died in 1916 ; Mrs. Sadie Tedebau, is deceased ; Eron, died at the age of twenty-five years ; Hilda, the wife of Nels Carlson died in 1923 ; Olga is the wife of Dr. Strandberg, of Monroe; Mrs. Emma Andrews, of Monroe, is the mother of two children; and Lester is at home. Mr. Bengtson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and has served as a member of the school boards at the Roesiger school and at this place. Since coming to this county he has done a great deal of free road work in his desire to aid in the development of the district. He is a charter member of the Grange at Monroe. Eminently loyal to all the interests of the community, he cooperates with his fellow citizens in efforts to advance the general welfare, and those who have come into contact with him hold him in the highest regard because of his worth as a man and citizen. JENS G. HELSETH In following out the career of one who has achieved a large measure of success through his own unaided efforts there comes into view the intrinsic individuality which made such accomplishment possible, and in the case of Jens G. Helseth, it is found that determined purpose, practical methods and the exercise of that sound judgment which is ordinarily called common sense have been the contributing elements to his success, so that today he stands among the substantial and influential men of his section of the county. A native of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 14th of November, 1855, he is a son of Gunder and Margaret Karen (Olsen) Helseth, who brought their family to the United States in 1870, locating on Bruley creek, Union county, South Dakota, a section of country which at that time was very sparsely settled, while most of the pioneers lived in sod houses. Mr. Helseth built a good house and began breaking the sod and planting crops. The land was fertile and promising and they lived there seven years, but in six of these years the grasshoppers took their crops, so the father determined to seek a more favorable location. He came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and in 1879 bought a ranch near Florence, where he engaged in farming two years, at the end of which time he moved to Stanwood and made his home with his son Jens, until his death, which occurred in 1884. He was survived many years by his widow, who passed away in 1908. Of the nine children born to this worthy couple, but two are now living, Jens and Mrs. Ole Nass, who lives in Arlington. Jens G. Helseth attented the public schools of Norway and completed his education in the schools of South Dakota, to which state he accompanied his parents when fifteen years of age. In 1877 he came to Seattle, Washington, by way of San Francisco, and for a few months was employed on the railroad between Tacoma and Puyallup, in the Cascades. He next went to the Columbia river, Oregon, where he followed salmon fishing for three years. Later, in San Francisco, he enlisted in the United States navy, in which he served three years. During this period he went to the Hawaiian islands, then to Japan, from there to Korea, thence to China and back to Japan. He returned to Hong Kong, China, and from there went to the Ladrone islands, where deep sea soundings were made. He next visited Borneo, Java and the Philippine islands. He was discharged in 1882 at the navy yard at Vallejo, California, as a second-class fireman. Mr. Helseth then came to Stanwood and bought fifty acres of land between East and West Stanwood, the land being mainly brush and swamps. He ditched and dyked the land and farmed there until the spring of 1888, when he sold that place and went up the Stillaguamish river, taking up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres at Jordan. This land was heavily covered with fir and cedar timber and was far from the nearest road. Mr. Helseth cut a trail HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 619 from Jim creek to his place, built a small house of split cedar and then began to clear the land. Later he built a good house and substantial barn and in the course of time developed a productive farm, about forty acres of the land being cleared and in cultivation, while the remainder is in timber and pasture. Through the years he has devoted himself closely to his ranch and has realized a measure of success fully commensurate with his efforts. In 1887, at Stanwood, Mr. Helseth was married to Miss Margit Peterson, who is a native of Norway and a daughter of Peter Olson. She received a good education in the public schools of her native land and came to the United States in 1886. Mr. and Mrs. Helseth are the parents of one child, Gunder, who was born at Stanwood, April 26, 1889, and is now living in Humboldt county, California. He is married and has two sons, Fred and Gunder. Mr. Helseth is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. His interest in the public affairs of his community has been shown in tangible ways. He has served as a member of the school board and clerk of the board for ten years, as deputy assessor for six years and as road supervisor two years. He has always shown a progressive spirit, doing thoroughly and well whatever he has undertaken, and has been a consistent advocate of good roads and improved educational facilities. He has made the most of his opportunities both for public service and for the legitimate advancement of his own interests and his worth as a man and citizen is widely acknowledged. JOHN A. GARDNER John A. Gardner is one of the leaders in the poultry business in Snohomish county, and his enterprising and progressive spirit has enabled him to achieve large results. He has not been satisfied with small operations, but has steadily increased his interests until his poultry business has reached extensive proportions. John A. Gardner was born in Norwich, Kansas, in 1880, a son of Aaron and Elizabeth (Proctor) Gardner, both now deceased. He was reared on the home farm and secured his elementary education in the public schools, supplementing this by two years' attendance at Huntington Park College, at Los Angeles, California. He then engaged in buying and packing fruit in California, carrying on that business for a few years, after which he returned to Kansas and farmed for about four years. In 1904 he had come to Everett and spent two years here, forming a favorable opinion of this locality, and in 1920 he returned and entered the employ of Cardle Brothers, with whom he remained four years. In 1921 he bought four acres of land in Sunnyside, on which he built a good house and other necessary buildings, and here he is engaged in the chicken business. Starting in a moderate way, he now has two thousand, five hundred laying hens and a hatchery with a capacity of eleven thousand eggs. He has taken great care to maintain the high standard of his fowls and sells only accredited cockerels. He is devoting himself closely to his business and is a man of sound judgment and marked ability. He belongs to the Washington Poultry and Egg Association. In 1904 Mr. Gardner was united in marriage to Miss Susie Kauffman, who is a native of Kansas, and they are the parents of one child, Clement, who is now in high school. Fraternally he is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Royal Neighbors. In his political views he is independent but in all matters affecting the welfare or advancement of the community he is actively interested, cooperating with his fellowmen in every possible way. He is greatly esteemed for his splendid personal qualities, his business success and his cordial and friendly manner. REV. CARL H. NORGAARD There is no earthly station higher than the ministry of the Gospel, and no life can be more uplifting than that which is devoted to service for the betterment of men. It is not possible to adequately measure the height, depth and breadth of such a career, for its influence continues to permeate the lives of others through succeeding generations. Rev. Carl H. Norgaard, of Everett, is one of those loyal and true spirits who are a blessing to the race because of his activities for his fellowmen. Born in Grove City, Minnesota, on the 4th of September, 1880, he is a son of Hans and Ragnhild (Vansglie) Norgaard, both of whom were born and reared in Norway, where their marriage occurred in 1878. The father followed the occupation of shoemaking in his native land and on emigrating to the United States located at Spring Grove, Minnesota, moving in 1879 to Grove City, where he and his wife are still living, and where he still follows the shoemaking business. 620 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Carl H. Norgaard secured his elementary education in the public schools of Grove City and then entered Luther College, at Decorah, Iowa, where he was graduated in 1903, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He next attended the Luther Theological Seminary, at St. Paul, Minnesota, where he was graduated in 1906, being ordained to the ministry on June 10th of that year, after which he accepted the pastorate of the Lutheran church at Spokane, Washington, where he remained until October, 1912, when he came to Everett and served as pastor of the First Lutheran church on Lombard avenue until 1918, when that church united with another congregation, forming Our Saviour's Lutheran church, of which he has since remained pastor. In February, 1925, the beautiful new church edifice on Hoyt avenue was occupied. In 1909 Rev. Norgaard was united in marriage to Miss Signe Storaasli, who is a native of Minnesota, a daughter of Mikkel and Christiane (Anderson) Storaasli, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to the United States as children, settling in Fillmore county, Minnesota, where they were reared and married. About 1895 they removed to Tacoma, in the public schools of which city Mrs. Norgaard was educated, and afterwards for a number of years she engaged in library work there. To Rev. and Mrs. Norgaard have been born three children, Ruth Camilla, who is a student in high school, and Herbert Storaasli and Esther Alice, who are in the grade school. Politically, Rev. Norgaard gives his support to the republican party and he takes a helpful interest in public affairs, particularly such matters as relate in any way to the welfare and prosperity of the people of his community. He is a member of the Everett Rotary Club and is extremely popular, possessing to a marked degree those qualities which commend a man to the favorable opinion of his fellowmen. NELS OWEN A man who has stamped the impress of his individuality upon the community and is regarded as one of the representive men of western Snohomish county is Nels Owen, who after a long, busy and useful career is now practically retired from active business affairs and is enjoying a well earned rest. Born in Sweden in 1848, he is a son of Swan and Anna Bertha Johnson, who were lifelong residents of Sweden. The father was a prominent farmer and influential citizen and was a member of the Swedish senate. Nels Owen was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools of his home neighborhood. He spent a year in the national army and when twenty-one years of age came to the United States. He was for a time in Chicago, and then was induced by a man by the name of Baxter to go to Jackson, Mississippi, where he was employed on a cotton and corn plantation. Later he became foreman of a plantation in Rankin county, Mississippi, where he remained until 1871, when he went to Muskegon, Michigan, where he remained several years, employed in the woods in winter and in mills in summer. He next went to Duluth, where he and his wife conducted a boarding house for a lumber company several years, having one hundred and twenty boarders the greater part of the time. He then ran a livery stable for a couple of years, at the end of which time he bought a lot, erected a store building and established a retail meat market. After living in Duluth eight years, Mr. Owen sold his interests there and came to Snohomish county, arriving here in September, 1889. He bought a sawmill at Edmonds, which he operated about a year and then sold it and moved to Sultan. Soon afterwards he bought his present place, containing eighty acres of land which had been logged off, but from which he cut off considerable timber and many shingle bolts. To facilitate the handling of the timber he erected a portable sawmill, in which he worked up much good cedar. He followed logging and mill work until about 1900, when, another mill having been erected on the river, he sold his mill, from which time he confined his efforts mainly to the operation of his ranch. In the early days he had the contract for carrying the mails from Snohomish to Sultan, driving the route for three years, or until the railroad took over the contract. He also carried passengers and during that service never had an accident or trouble of any kind. Mr. Owen had the first piano in this neighborhood and the road was so rough that it required a four-horse team to bring the piano to his place and during the trip he was thrown out four times. He cleared about forty acres of his land and gave his attention chiefly to dairy farming, keeping from sixteen to forty cows, for which he raised his own feed and roughage. He continued in active operation of his ranch until 1924, when he decided that he had earned a rest and sold all of his land excepting about fifteen acres, on which he is now living. At one time he owned a lumberyard near the present site of Everett and also one at Anacortes. On April 23, 1874, at Holton, Michigan, Mr. Owen was united in marriage to Miss Marie HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 621 Johnson, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Ole and Andrea Jensen. She was brought to the United States when nine years old, locating in Aspen county, Wisconsin, where she lived with Dr. White for three or four years during her young girlhood. She and her family then moved to Holton, Michigan, where, after her marriage, she cooked for a logging camp for four years, during which time Mr. Owen was employed as a loader in the woods. Mr. and Mrs. Owen now have four children: Alfred A., who owns and operates the A. A. Owen lumberyard at Seattle, was married to Miss Florence Ellis, of that city, and they have a son, Alfred A., Jr. ; Olga Josephine is the wife of E. Johnson, of Everett, and they have four children, Ralph, Phyllis, Charmian and Owen ; Neva, who died in Duluth, at the age of two and a half years ; and Neva E., second of the name, who died at the age of twenty-three years, on the day she would have graduated from the University of Washington, where she was a senior. Mr. and Mrs. Owen also reared John Martin Owen, a son of Mrs. Owen's sister, his parents having died. He was married, had two sons, and died at the age of thirty years. Alfred A. Owen possesses a fine tenor voice, well cultivated, and was for a number of years prominent as a soloist, having sung much through the east and for three years was soloist at the First Presbyterian church at Seattle, only relinquishing his music work because of the pressing demands of his business. Mr. Owen was one of the original members of the Dairy Association at Monroe and is now a member of the Grange Warehouse Association. He has been deeply interested in educational affairs, having served as a member of the school board for many years and donated a quarter-acre of land for the first school building at Fern Bluff. Mrs. Owen served many years as secretary of the school board. Mr. Owen also served two years as road supervisor and in the early days did a good deal of free road work, some of it being done in order that his mail stage might be able to get through its route in reasonable time. Since 1880 he has been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Duluth, never having transferred his membership and he and his wife are members of the Daughters of Rebekah. Through all the years of his residence in this locality Mr. Owen has been intensely loyal to his community, supporting every measure proposed for the betterment of the public welfare in any way and standing consistently for the best things in community life. Generous in his attitude toward all worthy benevolent objects, cordial and hospitable in his social relations, a man of sound business judgment and progressive in his ideas, he has long stood in the front rank of the citizens of his community. JACOB G. JOHNSON Among the sons of Sweden who, with a desire for larger opportunities for advancement, have become citizens of this country and have here attained not only fine material success, but also have won a high place in the estimation of their fellowmen, stands Jacob G. Johnson, whose farm, six miles southeast of Arlington, gives splendid evidence of the well directed labor and persistent effort which has been devoted to it. Mr. Johnson was born at Filipstad, Sweden, on the 13th of February, 1863, and is a son of August and Breita Johnson, the father, a farmer by occupation. The parents, now deceased, spent their entire lives in their native land. To them were born eight children, namely : Eugusta, Carl, deceased; John, Bate, Jacob, Tilda, Carl and Emma. Jacob G. Johnson received a good education in the schools of his native land and when eighteen years of age he went to railroading, following that line about a year after which he worked in mines for seven years. In 1888 he came to the United States, locating at Ishpeming, Michigan, where he worked in the iron mines for fifteen years. In 1903 he came to Snohomish county, and bought seventy-three acres of land on the Stillaguamish river, six miles southeast of Arlington, and here he has lived continuously to the present time. The land had been partly logged off, the remainder being covered with second-growth timber, stumps and brush, to the clearing of which he at once bent his efforts, first building a good house for the family. He now has twenty acres cleared and in cultivation, the remainder of the land being in woods and pasture. He keeps seven head of Guernsey and Jersey cattle and has been successful as a dairy farmer. His land produces good crops of hay and he maintains a nice vegetable garden. Mr. Johnson has given evidence of his enterprising spirit by erecting a sawmill and a shingle mill on his place, in which he has sawed his own lumber and shingles, and has also done a good deal of custom work for his neighbors. He has made numerous substantial improvements on the farm, including a good barn and other needed farm buildings, and keeps a good equipment of machinery and tools, being progressive and up-to-date in his methods. In 1885 Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Landgren, who also is a native 622 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of Sweden, a daughter of Samuel and Marie Landgren, both now deceased. To them were born four children, while to Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been born six children, namely : Gustav, who was born in Sweden, is married and has three children, Marion, Marie and a baby ; Albin, born in Sweden, is married and has two children; Jacob E., born in Michigan, is married and has a daughter, Dorothy ; Mrs. Elsie Stagil, who was born in Michigan and now lives in Everett, is the mother of two children, Pauline and Onis ; Mrs. Elvina Jones, born in Michigan, is the mother of two daughters, Phoebe and Edith ; Naomi, born in Michigan, is unmarried and lives in Bremerton, Washington. Because of his steady and industrious habits, his splendid success and his excellent personal character, Mr. Johnson has long been accounted a valuable citizen and his business success proves what can be accomplished through individual effort and enterprise, so that others may well follow his example. ISAAC Q. MORRIS In the death of the late Isaac Q. Morris, Snohomish county lost one of its representative citizens. As the day, with its morning of hope and promise, its noontide of activity, its evening of completed and successful effort, ending in the grateful rest and quiet of the night, so was the life of this good and honored man. His career was a long, busy and useful one and, although he devoted his attention primarily to his individual affairs, he never allowed the pursuit of material things to warp his kindly nature, but preserved his faculties and the warmth of his heart for the broadening and helpful influences of human life, being to the end a kindly, genial friend and gentleman. He commanded the respect of all by his upright life, his career was complete and rounded in its beautiful simplicity, and he died beloved by those near to him and respected and esteemed by his fellow citizens. Mr. Morris was a native of Noble county, Ohio, his birth occurring in 1835. His parents were natives of Pennsylvania and in both paternal and maternal lines he was descended from a long line of sterling American ancestors. He spent his boyhood in his native county, where he received a good public school education, and remained on his father's farm until about twenty-one years of age. He then went to Iowa, where he bought a farm, in the operation of which he was engaged at the outbreak of the Civil war. He promptly enlisted as a member of Company D, Twentieth Regiment, Iowa Volunteer Infantry, to which he gave three years of faithful service in the Southland, taking part in many of the important campaigns and hardest-fought battles of that conflict. He was severely wounded in the chest and had also a severe attack of measles, which so seriously affected his heart that he was a sufferer from it during the remainder of his life. After the war Mr. Morris sold his Iowa land and went to Missouri, where he engaged in farming for seven years. In 1875 he came west, locating in California for a short time, but soon came to Snohomish county, Washington, where he took up a homestead. Later he sold that land and bought a farm north of Snohomish, having at first thirty acres, to which he later added twenty acres. He cleared about twenty-three acres of this land and carried on general farming, raising hay as his main crop and also some stock. Sometime in the '90s he sold that place and moved into Snohomish, this change being prompted by the fact that his health had failed, and he lived quietly at his home here until his death, which occurred July 14, 1912. In 1856 Mr. Morris was married to Miss Matilda E. Reynolds, who was born in Indiana in 1840 and whose parents were natives of North Carolina. They were of old American stock, the lines running back to colonial days. Mrs. Morris spent her early years in Indiana, but at the age of twelve years she accompanied her parents on their removal to Iowa, where she remained at home until her marriage to Mr. Morris. To Mr. and Mrs. Morris were born five children. Amanda J., the eldest, was married to Charles Ludwig, a native of Pennsylvania, who came to California with Mr. Morris in 1875, and engaged in farming in Snohomish county up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1921. Mrs. Ludwig afterward lived with her mother till her demise, May 31, 1926. She was the mother of four children, Mrs. Sadie Martin, of Montana, who has seven children, Isaac A., who farms in Snohomish county and has six children, Mrs. Minnie Cox, of Oregon, and Mrs. Cora Peterson, who lives on a farm in this county and has three children. Mrs. S. Elizabeth Hall, who is the second daughter of the Morris family has seven children and five grandchildren. Mrs. Nancy A. Moore, of Falls City, Washington, has two children and six grandchildren. Mrs. Hannah A. Hensen, of Seattle, has four children and one grandchild. Henry, now deceased, lived on a farm in this county and had five children. It will thus be seen that to Mrs. Morris belongs the unusual distinction of having five children, twenty-two grandchildren, twenty-eight great-grandchildren and four great-great-grandchildren, or a total of fifty-nine descendants. MR. AND MRS. ISAAC Q. MORRIS HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 625 Mr. Morris was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was a republican in his political belief, while his religious connection was with the United Brethren church, to which he gave generous support. Mrs. Morris, as was her daughter, Mrs. Ludwig, is a member of the Woman's Relief Corps and of the United Brethren church. Mr. Morris during his active years was active and enterprising in his business affairs, prosecuting his farm work along progressive lines and was successful in all that he did. He was thorough and painstaking, doing well whatever he undertook, and he enjoyed high reputation among his neighbors as a reliable and dependable man. He cooperated with them in all measures for the betterment of the community and stood on the right side of every moral issue. His life was an inspiration and his memory remains as a blessed benediction to all who knew him. JOHN CAVELERO A productive, efficiently managed farm near Everett is the property of John Cavelero, one of the progressive agriculturists of northwestern Washington and a representative of a family whose members have made substantial contribution toward the development of Snohomish county and the utilization of its natural resources. A native of Italy, he was born April 27, 1877, and was but six years old when the family made the voyage to the new world, landing in San Francisco, California. They lived for a year in Montana and in 1884 came to Washington, settling in Snohomish county in pioneer times. The father, Dominick Cavelero, worked in the lumber woods and later operated a shingle mill. He next engaged in farming near Everett, displaying keen sagacity and marked foresight in the management of his affairs, and in 1911 was able to retire. He resides in one of the desirable homes of Everett and is the owner of two thousand, one hundred and fifty acres of fertile land. Four hundred acres are under cultivation and the remainder is in pasture and timber land. He gives his political allegiance to the republican party and loyally supports all movements for the good of the community, in which he is highly respected. He was married to Miss Kate Nuchitti, also an Italian, and they became the parents of nine children, eight of whom survive, namely : John, Emma, Frank, Fred, Edward, William, James and Lena. Charles, the fifth in order of birth, went to France with the American Expeditionary Force and sacrificed his life for his country. John Cavelero was educated in the public schools of Snohomish county and aided his father in tilling the soil, becoming thoroughly familiar with the various phases of agricultural life. He remained at home until 1919 and then bought a tract of twelve acres on the Snohomish road, where he has since resided. He is engaged in general farming and raises the grains best adapted to soil and climatic conditions in this region, also working in the lumber camps at intervals. He is energetic and capable and takes justifiable pride in his farm, on which he has built an eight room house, supplied with hot and cold water and many other modern conveniences. In 1904 Mr. Cavelero was united in marriage to Miss Kate Cavelero, who was born in Italy and came to the United States during her girlhood. They have five children : Dominick, who resides in Bremerton, Washington ; George, who assists his father in the conduct of the farm ; and Irene, Mildred and John, who are also at home. Mr. Cavelero is a republican and takes the interest of a good citizen in public affairs but has never entered politics. His life has been one of quiet devotion to duty, and a frank, genial nature and pleasing personality have drawn to him many sincere friends, who are thoroughly appreciative of his good qualities. HELMER ERICKSON The career of Helmer Erickson affords a striking example of what may be accomplished by properly directed energy, natural ability and correct principles, even in the face of discouraging circumstances. Beginning his career here in humble circumstances, he has persisted in his labors along well defined lines through the passing years and today is enjoying the fruits of his endeavor. A native of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 30th of September, 1853, he is a son of Erick and Ane (Olsen) Erickson, both of whom spent their entire lives in the land of the midnight sun. The father was a farmer, and also followed the fishing business. They were the parents of five children of whom two are living, Helmer and Ole, while the deceased are Ole, Elisa and one who died in infancy. Helmer Erickson was educated in the public schools of his native land and then followed the sea, sailing and fishing, until 1892, when, desiring a field of greater opportunity for individ- 626 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ual advancement, he emigrated to the United States. He settled in Ottertail county, Minnesota, where he bought eighty acres of land which had been logged off. He cleared this land and conducted farming operations there until 1902, when he sold the place and came to Arlington, Washington, and bought forty-five acres of land on the river, two miles southeast of Jordan. The land was badly encumbered with timber, stumps and brush but as soon as he had a house built he began clearing the land and getting it into cultivation. The building of his house entailed considerable labor, as it was necessary to bring the lumber down from Granite Falls by boat and then drag it from the river to the ranch with horses. The land is now practically all cleared and in fine condition, producing good crops of hay, oats and potatoes. Mr. Erickson keeps twelve good Ayrshire and Guernsey milk cows and the farm, with its improvements, has been developed into a valuable property. In 1919 he suffered the loss of his fine nine-room house, which, with its contents, was entirely destroyed by fire, entailing a heavy loss. In 1880, in Norway, Mr. Erickson was united in marriage to Miss Ane Brotherson, who was born in Norway in 1859, a daughter of Brother and Ane Nelson, who spent their lives and died in that country, where the father had followed the occupation of farming. Mrs. Erickson died February 20, 1919. To Mr. and Mrs. Erickson were born the following children: Emma, who was born in Norway in 1884, died in Minnesota in 1901; Alfred, who was born in Norway, is single and remains at home ; Emil, born in Norway, is married and has four children, Alvena, Howard, Jim and the baby ; Adolph, born in Minnesota, is at home, as is Engval ; Tena, born in Minnesota, died there in 1901. Mr. Erickson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has taken a deep interest in local public affairs and has rendered effective service as a member of the Jordan school board, of which he has also been clerk. In all of life's relations he has been true and loyal, has well deserved the success which has come to him and is today held in high regard in the circle of his acquaintance. OSCAR J. FINLEY For forty-five years Oscar J. Finley has been one of the worthy citizens of Snohomish county, and is eminently worthy of mention with those who have contributed to the progress and improvement of his community. He enjoys distinctive prestige throughout his locality, his practical intelligence, mature judgment and sound business sense winning for him the confidence of all with whom he has come into contact. Born at Minneapolis, Minnesota, on the 20th of October, 1874, he is a son of O. J. Finley, who brought his family to Washington in 1881 and engaged in farming for many years, meeting with excellent success, so that in 1906 he was able to retire from active business, moving to Everett, where he is now living. To him and his wife were born four children. Oscar J. Finley was about seven years of age when he accompanied his parents on their removal to this state. He secured his elementary education in the public schools at Stanwood, completing his studies at Parkland University, in Parkland, Washington. He then returned home and during the following eleven years assisted his father on the farm during the winters, while in the summer months he engaged in logging, a large part of the time on Camano island. At the age of eighteen years he went onto the spring board and acted as head faller for eleven seasons. He also learned the carpenter's trade and followed that line of work for a number of years. In 1905 he went to Alaska and worked for the government, being engaged in the erection of school buildings at Cape Prince of Wales and St. Michael's. In the ensuing fall he returned to Stanwood and followed his trade until 1919, when he leased a farm near Mount Vernon, which he operated for two years, at the end of which time he leased the Egge ranch located three miles north of Stanwood, belonging to his mother-in-law. This farm comprises ninety-eight acres and is devoted largely to the raising of grain and hay. Mr. Finley also gives considerable attention to dairying, keeping ten or twelve good grade cows, and has been very successful in his work since coming here. Idleness is foreign to his nature and he has devoted himself very closely to his work, in which he has exercised splendid judgment and discrimination. On October 30, 1907, Mr. Finley was married to Miss Ida Egge, who was born in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, the daughter of Iver and Christina (Lee) Egge. Her parents were born in Norway, the former, February 19, 1848, and the latter August 29, 1853, and they were married November 16, 1875. They came to the United States in 1876, settling in South Dakota. The father took up a homestead, being a pioneer of his locality, and his first dwelling there was the sod house in which Mrs. Finley was born. The family lived there until 1886, when they sold and came to Stanwood, Washington, where the father bought one hundred acres of land three miles north of the town. He here built a new dyke and began clearing the place of the heavy stand of cedar and spruce which covered it, and here he lived until his death, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 627 which occurred in 1920. He is survived by his widow, who now lives in Seattle. To this worthy couple were born five children, namely : Mrs. Anna Enger, who lives in Everett ; Mrs. Finley ; Edwin; Mrs. Emma Carlson, of Seattle ; and Mrs. Olga Sande, also of Seattle. Mr. and Mrs. Finley have four children, namely : Hazel, who was born February 26, 1909, and Mildred, born January 26, 1911, are in high school ; Frances, born November 19, 1913, and Sherrill, born March 19, 1919, are in grammar school. Mr. Finley is a man who would have won his way wherever fate might have placed him, for he has sound judgment, coupled with great energy and business tact, all of which inevitably make for success whenever rightly and persistently applied. Because of the elements of his character, as well as for his genial and friendly disposition, he has well merited the high place which he holds in the respect and good will of his fellow citizens. ROBERT B. BOVEE The qualities which have made Robert B. Bovee one of the prominent and successful men of Snohomish county have also brought him the esteem of his fellowmen, for his career has been one of well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods. He is a representative of old pioneer families of this community, members of which have taken an active part in the upbuilding and progress of the city and county, and he himself has been an important factor in the present ,day prosperity of the locality. Mr. Bovee is a native of Snohomish county, born at Everett on the 15th of March, 1891, and is a son of W. H. and Elizabeth (Spencer) Bovee. His father was born in Illinois, a son of A. E. Bovee, and came to Snohomish county in 1888. He was first engaged in dairying but later turned his attention to the grocery business. Eventually he moved to California, where his death occurred in 1916. Our subject's mother was a daughter of John Spencer, who was one of the first settlers in Snohomish county, having owned much of the land on which Everett now stands. She died in 1909. Robert B. Boyce received a good public school education and then took a course in a business college in Seattle. He engaged in the shingle mill business, which he followed until 1914, when he established the Independent Truck Company, in which he was associated with E. R. Taylor. In this enterprise they met with pronounced success, and on January 1, 1923, the business was incorporated, with the following officers : R. B. Bovee, president ; E. R. Taylor, secretary and treasurer ; S. E. Taylor, Charles Leo, C. H. Bovee and E. C. Taylor, directors. Until 1926 the headquarters of the company were located at 2728 Broadway, and they now occupy the splendid new building, of brick and concrete construction, two stories and basement, one hundred by one hundred feet in size. The building is provided with an automatic sprinkler system for fire protection. They also have erected a garage and repair shop, one hundred and twenty by one hundred and twenty-five feet in size, one story high, having a concrete floor and steel walls. They operate a fleet of forty-three trucks and trailers, transporting freight from Seattle to Bellingham and all intermediate points, and employ fifty men in the service. They are the largest motor freight line in this section of the country, and the splendid prosperity which they enjoy has been gained by careful and painstaking attention to the details of the business, while courtesy has marked all the relations of the employes of the company toward its patrons. On November 7, 1917, Mr. Bovee was married to Miss Blanch Leo, of Lake Stevens. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion, and also belongs to the Young Men's Business Club, of Seattle. His political support is given to the republican party. Mr. Bovee is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted in 1917 in the air service. He was assigned to the mechanical and transportation section and was overseas seventeen months, receiving an honorable discharge as a first-class sergeant. He is a man of great energy and enterprise, has devoted himself indefatigably to the interests of his company and has gained an enviable reputation in business circles. ERICK OLSON Erick Olson is numbered among the well known citizens of the Arlington district, Snohomish county, who have finished their labors and gone to their reward. He was a successful farmer and applied himself closely to his individual affairs with such good purpose that in the course of time he created a splendid farm and gained a high reputation as a man of sound judgment and wise foresight. Born in Sweden in 1860, he was a son of Olaf and Anna Carlson, farming 628 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY folk, who were lifelong residents of that country. Erick Olson attended the public schools and remained with his parents until 1881, when he came to the United States, settling in Commonwealth, Wisconsin, where he followed mining for five years. He then went back to Sweden for a visit, and again came to this country in 1887, living awhile longer in Wisconsin. He made a second visit to the homeland and in 1896, when he returned to the United States, he settled at Ishpeming, Michigan, where he was employed in the iron mines until 1900. In that year he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, and bought forty acres of land seven miles southeast of Arlington, which was a part of the Stixrud homestead. A year later he bought forty acres adjoining from the Holmstad brothers, about a half acre of which was cleared and on which stood a small split-cedar shack. He soon afterwards erected a good house, to which he later made a substantial addition, and in 1906 he built a large barn. Fifteen acres of the land is now cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in pasture and woods. On December 19, 1896, Mr. Olson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Wilhelmina Olson, in Ishpeming, Michigan. Mrs. Olson is a native of Sweden and a daughter of Olaf and Maria Cristina (Johnson) Olson, both of whom were lifelong residents of Sweden. To them were born six children, namely : Mrs. Caroline Erickson, who remains in Sweden; Per Erick Lindquist, who died March 18, 1926 ; Olaf, in Sweden; August, in Ishpeming, Michigan ; Mrs. Matilda Gustaf son, who lives in Sweden, and Mrs. Olson. The last named received a good education in her native land and came to the United States in 1896. Mr. and Mrs. Olson have six children : Naomi, who died at the age of three weeks ; Ernest E., born in Michigan, May 6, 1899, is at home ; Philip 0., born in Washington, September 3, 1903, helps to operate the home place; Ruth M., born October 7, 1904, graduated from the, Arlington high school and a business college in Everett, and is now a stenographer in a law office in Arlington ; Rudolph E., born March 26, 1907, who is a graduate of the Arlington high school, is at home, but is planning to take a university course ; and Herbert, who died at the age of six months. Mr. Olson was ambitious and devoted himself closely to his individual affairs, while in his relations with the community he always stood ready to cooperate in the advancement of all measures for the public good. He was active in his support of good roads and schools and served two terms as a member of the Jordan school board. He was greatly respected for his sterling honesty and genuine worth and his death, on January 9, 1923, was deeply regretted throughout the range of his acquaintance. Mrs. Olson and her sons are ably carrying forward the work so well established by the father and are meeting with success. They keep a nice herd of dairy cattle, have two good horses for farm work, and raise good crops of hay and grain. The property is well kept up, the attractive house, with its spacious lawn, presenting an inviting appearance. A good bearing orchard is also a valuable feature of the farm, which is numbered among the desirable homesteads of this locality. HOMER J. STEPHENS Homer J. Stephens, one of Snohomish county's most enterprising farmers and public-spirited citizens, has succeeded at his chosen life work through his own individual efforts and the success which has crowned his labors has been well earned. His birth occurred in the state of Arkansas, in 1887, and he is the son of J. J. and Ella (Davis) Stephens. The father lived first in Texas, from which state he went to Missouri, and then followed the gold rush to California, at about the time the transcontinental railroad was joined at Ogden. He remained in California many years, later going back to Arkansas and locating in the Ozark hills. In 1903 he came to Snohomish county and for a number of years he gave his attention to market gardening at Pilchuck. He sold out there in 1907 and is now living on his farm across the river from his son Homer. He was twice married, having two children by each union, and his present wife, our subject's mother, is a native of Missouri. The other child by this union is Mrs. Mary Bisnett, of Snohomish. Homer J. Stephens secured his education in the public schools of Arkansas and completed his studies in the schools at Snohomish. During his earlier years he did some railroad work, but in 1916 he bought his present place of fifty-five acres, of which he has cleared about fifteen acres, the remainder being good pasture land. He has devoted himself closely to the operation of his place, and also farms his father's land. He gives considerable attention to dairying, keeping from twenty-five to fifty cows, mostly good grade Guernseys, the quality of which he is steadily improving. He has a nice cherry orchard and in many ways his place is a very well improved farm. In 1907 Mr. Stephens was married to Miss Elizabeth Kinney, who was born in Maine, a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 629 daughter of J. I. and Victoria (Britton) Kinney, both of whom are natives of New Brunswick, Canada. The Kinney family came to Washington in 1904 and located near Snohomish. To Mr. and Mrs. Stephens have been born nine children, namely : Lyman, Alfred, Blanche, Leah, Ella Mae, John, Quentin, Rena and Ernest. Mr. Stephens is regarded as a good business man and excellent manager, possessing sound judgment, and progressive in his ideas and methods. Because of his friendly manner, his upright life and his success, he has gained and retains the respect of all who know him. FLOYD O'BRIEN Improvement and progress may well be said to form the keynote to the character of Floyd O'Brien, a well known manufacturer and business man of Everett, for he has not only been closely interested in the advancement of his individual affairs but his influence has also been felt in the upbuilding of the community honored by his citizenship. Mr. O'Brien was born at Palmyra, Wisconsin, on the 12th of November, 1881, and is a son of J. W. and Amorette (Vanderburg) O'Brien, both also natives of Wisconsin and members of old pioneer families of that state, his paternal grandfather, Peter O'Brien, having been one of the first settlers there. Our subject's mother died in Wisconsin, and in 1909 the father came to Everett and organized the Washington Boot Company, manufacturers of logging boots. He built up a good business, employing eight men, and erected the building at 2938 Broadway now occupied by his son Floyd. He died in 1916 and during the World war the boot manufacturing business was discontinued. Floyd O'Brien received his education in the public schools and then attended Redfield College in South Dakota. He became an expert musician and as such traveled all over the country, at the same time selling musical instruments as a side line. In 1909 he came to Everett and rebuilt the house at 2221 State street. He remained here until 1913, when he went to Vancouver, British Columbia, where he spent two years. He next went to Seattle, Washington, where he opened a music store, in which business he was engaged until 1920. During this period he was with the Star Amusement Company as a musician, remaining with that enterprise until 1922, when he came to Everett and established the Broadway Leather Works in his father's old building. Here he is engaged in the manufacture of all kinds of leather goods, including buckskin moccasins, shirts, aprons, gloves and similar articles. He has shown sound business judgment and keen foresight in the conduct of his business, and the prosperity which is crowning his efforts has been well deserved. In 1906 Mr. O'Brien was married to Miss Eva Schoyen, of Mankato, Minnesota, a daughter of Emil Schoyen, a prominent banker of that city. Mrs. O'Brien is an accomplished cello player, having played professionally for a number of years. They are the parents of a daughter, Amorette, who is now in high school. Politically Mr. O'Brien gives his support to the republican party and is a member of the American Federation of Musicians. He is a gentleman of quiet and unassuming manner, but possesses marked individuality, being a man of well defined opinions and sterling qualities. Because of his progressive spirit, his indomitable energy and his sound judgment, he is meeting with success and has gained a high standing among the representative people of the community. JOSEPH S. YOST For many years Joseph S. Yost was closely identified with the lumber industry of Washington and his attention is now given to agricultural pursuits. He resides near Arlington, in township thirty-one north, range six east, and is a member of one of the old and prominent families of Snohomish county. He was born October 28, 1879, in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and his father, Allen M. Yost, was also a native of the Keystone state. He was born January 19, 1856, in Northampton county, and his parents, Daniel and Elizabeth (Dechler) Yost, were also Pennsylvanians and of German descent. The father was a building contractor and his son, James W. Yost, became a resident of Everett, Washington. Allen M. Yost was educated in the schools of his native state and afterward learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed for a number of years. Having accumulated a capital of six thousand dollars, he decided to engage in agricultural pursuits and purchased a farm in Kansas. He cultivated the place for two years but the climate proved unfavorable for the production of crops and he lost all of his savings. Undiscouraged by adversity, he resolved to seek an opening in the northwest and in 1890 located in Edmonds, Washington. He worked 630 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY at his trade for two years and then began contracting for timber and shingle bolts in that locality. In 1894 he rented a mill located in the woods and after a few months purchased the plant, which he moved to the water front. Success attended the venture and he afterward organized the firm of A. M. Yost & Sons, of which he was the executive head. He developed a large industry and engaged in the saw and shingle mill business for twenty years. He retired in 1914 and one of his sons still figures conspicuously in lumber circles of Edmonds. Mr. Yost was married in Pennsylvania in 1875, before he had reached the age of twenty, to Miss Amanda C. Roth, also of Pennsylvania. Her mother, a Miss Hinkle, was of German lineage and reached the ripe age of eighty years, passing away in 1900. Her father, John Roth, was also of German ancestry. Mr. Yost was a socialist in his political views and along fraternal lines he was connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was a member of the city council for several years and for one term was mayor of Edmonds. As a school director he aided in advancing the standards of education in his community and his enterprise, public spirit and integrity won for him the unqualified esteem of his fellow citizens. His life was brought to a close in August, 1916, and his widow, who has reached the age of seventy-four years, is still a resident of Edmonds. To their union were born nine children: Daniel, Joseph S., John, Mrs. Carrie Astell, Mrs. Elsie Russell, Jacob, Edward, George and Samuel. Joseph S. Yost was a boy of eleven when his parents established their home in Washington and his education was completed in the public schools of Edmonds. He worked in his father's plant and mastered the details of the lumber industry. He was later admitted to a partnership in the business, becoming a member of the firm of A. M. Yost & Sons, and aided in fostering its growth. The mill was destroyed by fire in 1909 and he afterward had charge of the lumberyard. He rebuilt the mill and operated it successfully for a period of eight years. With the aid of his father he logged off six hundred acres of heavy timber and a brother now conducts the lumberyard in Edmonds. In October, 1919, Joseph S. Yost purchased an eighty-acre ranch five miles southeast of Arlington, on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river, and has since devoted his energies to the cultivation of this place. He has cleared about twenty acres and keeps a few cows of good grade. He raises hay and grain and his methods of farming are both practical and progressive. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and a man of ability and enterprise, who has contributed his full share toward the development of the resources of this section of the state. On December 20, 1908, Mr. Yost married Miss Caroline Anderson, who was born in Seneca, South Dakota, and her parents, Ole and Cristina Anderson, were natives of Norway. Her father emigrated to the United States about 1875 and preempted land in Faulk county, South Dakota. He also took up a homestead and a tree claim in that part of the state, becoming the owner of four hundred and eighty acres in all, and there engaged in farming for several years. In 1893 he moved to Lebanon, South Dakota, where he spent three years, and on the expiration of that period purchased a ranch of four hundred and eighty acres in Potter county. He sold the property in 1906 and came to the state of Washington. He purchased a home in Edmonds and lived retired in the town until his demise, which occurred in the spring of 1915. He had long survived his wife, who passed away in 1896. To their union were born eight children, of whom Albert and Mrs. Betsy Johnson are deceased. The others are Neil, August, John, Mrs. Jennie Conner, Mrs. Joseph S. Yost and Mrs. Samuel Yost. Joseph S. and Caroline Yost became the parents of four children, three of whom are now living : J. Frank, who was born January 18, 1915 ; Ella, whose natal day was January 28, 1918 ; and Harry Keith, born July 28, 1921. Their son Martin was born April 12, 1910, and died May 12, 1913. All were born in Edmonds except the youngest child, whose birth occurred on the river ranch near Arlington. JERRY WHALEN Among the oldest pioneers of Snohomish county is the venerable citizen, Jerry Whalen, who coming very early to this section of the state, for forty years followed a line of work that contributed in large measure to the development of the locality. His life record has been marked by labor of the most strenuous sort but as the result of good management and wise economy he is able now to enjoy well earned leisure. He has been a good citizen in every respect and has always commanded public respect and esteem. Jerry Whalen is a native of the state of Maine, where his birth occurred on the 16th of April, 1846, and he is a son of Joseph A. and Mary Whalen, the former a native of Nova Scotia, Canada, and the latter of Maine. Both are now deceased, the mother having been ninety-three years of age at the time HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 631 of her death. They were the parents of six children : William, Jerry, Job, Martha, Phoebe and Ella, all of whom have passed away except Jerry and Martha. Jerry Whalen received his educational training at Lubec, Washington county, Maine, and after leaving school turned his attention to the fishing industry, which he followed along the coast of Maine and on the Banks for two years. Then for about a year he drove a truck team in Portland, Maine, and in February, 1864, he joined the Union army, enlisting at Portland in Company G, Seventh Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry, with which he was in active service in the southland until the close of the war, receiving his honorable discharge June 28, 1865, having taken part in a number of the most important battles and campaigns of that great struggle. After the war Mr. Whalen returned to his native state and became a sailor in the coast trade, following that vocation for about a year and a half. In 1868 he sailed for California, making the voyage around Cape Horn, and landing at San Francisco. After remaining there two weeks, he proceeded to Port Gamble, Washington, landing there in October, and went to work in logging camps. He became an expert in that line of work and followed it for forty years, a part of that time being in the business on his own account. About 1910 he quit that work and came to Port Susan Bay, Washington, where he bought a small tract of land, on which he built a neat and comfortable home, and is now living here quietly and happily, enjoying the golden sunset years of his life as only the man can whose life record has been characterized by faithful performance of duty and loyalty in all things. Kindly and genial in his relations with his fellowmen, he has a host of warm and loyal friends, among whom he is held in the highest esteem and good will, for he possesses to a marked degree those qualities which commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen. HENRY C. ANDERSON Henry C. Anderson figured prominently in financial circles of Snohomish county as president of the Bank of Stanwood, which he aided in organizing in 1904 and of which he remained the executive head to the time of his death a decade later. He departed this life on the 6th of August, 1914, when forty-nine years of age. Mr. Anderson was born in Norway in 1865 and was brought by his mother to the United States when he was but a year old, his father having died in the homeland. The widowed mother settled with her infant son in the vicinity of Lodi, Wisconsin. As soon as he had acquired a good common school education Henry C. Anderson went to work on the home farm and he continued in this employment until 1885, when he moved to Kansas, thence to Texas and from that state to Colorado, remaining in the different commonwealths mentioned for two years. Coming to Stanwood in 1887, he spent a couple of years at work in sawmills and on the farm of N. P. Leque, but in the fall of 1889 he moved to Seattle to accept a clerkship in a commission house. He was thus employed for a period of two years, at the end of which time he returned to Stanwood, and took up the occupation of farming and for several years thereafter he was numbered among the thrifty agriculturists of that region. In June, 1895, however, accompanied by John P. Anderson, he resolved to seek the smiles of Dame Fortune in the far north, so moved to Fort Cudahy, N. W. Ter., Canada, where the ensuing twelvemonth was spent in the employ of the North American Transportation & Trading Company. He then moved to the Klondike mining district, remaining until 1897. Early in the spring of the succeeding year he went in again on the ice with a dog team, taking with him all the private mail for the North American Transportation & Trading Company, and he subsequently made a couple of trips in and out of that far away mining district. It is a pleasure to record that his labors and privations in Alaska did not go unrewarded as have those of many another fortune seeker there, but on the contrary he was able to bring out a considerable sum of money with him. He developed and subsequently sold a rich mine (No. 32) on Eldorado. In 1898 Mr. Anderson purchased his home place of four hundred acres near Stanwood and began clearing and cultivating the land. He gave his attention to the rearing of high-grade Durham cattle for beef, being the owner of one hundred and fifty head of these splendid animals. In August, 1904, in company with the late Peter Leque, Alfred Densmore, W. C. Brokaw and Francis Girard, Mr. Anderson organized the Bank of Stanwood, of which institution he served as president throughout the remainder of his life. Under the capable management of him and his worthy associates it soon established an enviable reputation as one of the solid and progressive institutions of its kind in the state. While Mr. Anderson had admittedly been fortunate in his Alaska ventures, his success in the world of industry and finance was but the logical outcome of well laid plans, well directed energy and unconquerable persis- 632 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY tence, and with it came the respect always commanded by those who prove their worth in the stern struggle of life. The wife and son of Henry C. Anderson preceded him to the home beyond. He is survived by a daughter, Agnes M., who is now fifteen years of age. EDWARD E. HOLMSTAD The Holmstad family has long been identified with the development of Snohomish county and its members have been numbered among the progressive citizens and enterprising farmers of the Arlington district. Edward E. Holmstad was born at Namsos, Norway, on the 16th of April, 1864, and is a son of Elias and Olava (Olsen) Holmstad. The father was born in Norway in 1837, and was there reared and married. In 1883 the family came to the United States, settling in Jackson county, Minnesota, where the father engaged in farming for about five years. In the spring of 1888 he and his family came to Stanwood, Washington, and three weeks later he and three sons went up the Stillaguamish river as far as Jordan, near which place all of them took up homesteads. On the voyage up the river their boat was swamped near the mouth of Jim creek and they lost part of their supplies. It was during the wet season and on their arrival at their land they erected a temporary shelter of boughs, which sufficed until they could build a small split-cedar shack. This was destroyed by fire about two months later and then they erected a larger log house. They began clearing the land and lived there until 1906, by which time a goodly part of the tract had been cleared. They then sold the land and bought ten acres near Arlington, the most of which they cleared, but sold it three years later. They also cleared ten acres of a twenty acre tract which the father owned near by. In 1910 they went back to Jordan and farmed there about a year, at the end of which time they came to Arlington and bought a home for the parents, in which they lived about six years. They next purchased nine acres of land adjoining the city limits of Arlington, which is the present family home, and there the father's death occurred January 22, 1922, when he was eighty-five years of age. He is survived by the mother, who is now eighty-seven years old, but remarkably well preserved and active for her years. To Elias and Olava Holmstad were born thirteen children, namely : Mrs. Nellie Wick, who lives at Jordan; Petra, deceased; Ole, also a resident of Jordan ; Edward E. ; Oluf, who now lives with his mother ; Josephine, Ida, Elizabeth and Mrs. Nettie Furland, all deceased ; Mrs. Mattie Funk, who makes her home in Arlington; Fred, a resident of California ; Anton, who lives in Everett, Washington; and one who died in infancy. They also adopted two children, Mrs. Clara Fay, who lives at Carnation, Washington, and Charles Guyett, of Stanwood, this county. Edward E. Holmstad was educated in the public schools of Norway and was confirmed in the Lutheran church when fourteen years of age. After leaving school he engaged in fishing, following that occupation until coming to the United States in April, 1880. He went direct to Windom, Minnesota, where he joined an uncle, John Olson, for whom he worked in a livery stable until 1888. In 1889 he arrived in Stanwood and soon afterward went up the river to Norman by stage, walking from there to the Forks, which was later called Haller City. On July 6, 1889, he filed on a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres on Jim creek, all of which was virgin timber land. There were at that time no roads in this section of the county, so Mr. Holmstad loaded his household goods in a canoe at Stanwood, by which means he transported them to the nearest point to his homestead, and from there he carried the stuff, including a cook stove and sewing machine, over the hard trail and up a steep hill to his place. He built a neat cedar log house, one of the best on the river at that time, and then began clearing the land. He now has fourteen acres cleared, the remainder being in timber and pasture. He keeps eight good dairy cows, and his principal field crops are hay, oats and potatoes. He has devoted himself closely to his farm and has been successful to a gratifying degree. On May 25, 1889, Mr. Holmstad was married to Miss Rachel Pederson, who was born at Madelia, Minnesota, a daughter of Hans and Martha Pederson, both natives of Norway. After the death of the father the mother married again and is still living in Minnesota. To Hans and Martha Pederson were born five children : Butler E., Rachel, George, Martin, deceased, and Henry. Mr. and Mrs. Holmstad have four children, as follows : Harry, who lives at Potlatch, Washington ; Mrs. Mable Clark, who resides in Arlington and is the mother of two children, Herbert and Kenneth ; Walter, an excellent violin player, who is married and has a son, William Densel ; Ralph, a proficient player on the trombone, who is married and lives in Seattle. All of the children were born on the homestead on Jim creek. Mr. Holmstad has always taken a keen interest in all enterprises for the benefit of the community. He is a member of the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington, served as a school HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 633 director for fifteen years and organized the Lower Jim Creek school in 1900. He served as road supervisor two years ; has been serving as deputy assessor for three years, and has also served on election boards. He is a stanch republican in his political views, aligning with the progressive branch of the party, and he served as committeeman from his district for ten years. He has advocated good roads and schools consistently and with good results and in all things has shown a fine public spirit. In the early days on Jim creek Mr. Holmstad's house was the favorite stopping place for nearly all the surveying crews, timber cruisers and others who happened to be in the vicinity. In 1906 the old house was replaced by a fine modern twelve room residence. The place is well improved and is a very comfortable and attractive farm home. N. H. ROOSE In the Arlington district of Snohomish county are found many. well improved and highly cultivated farms, while its dairy herds are the pride of the state. N. H. Roose owns one of the best of these and takes justifiable pride in what he has accomplished since locating here, for his present prosperity is solely the fruits of his own endeavors and the exercise of sound business principles. Mr. Roose is a native of Sweden, where his birth occurred on the 22d day of February, 1872. His parents were Nels and Martha Hammerlund, lifelong residents of Sweden, where the father followed the business of contracting and building, and also operated a small farm. They are now deceased, the father dying in 1921 and the mother in 1926. They were the parents of seven children, Annie, Christina, N. H., Martha (deceased), Erick, Arvid and Beda. N. H. Roose attended the public schools of his native land and remained with his parents until 1893, when, having attained his majority, he started out into the world on his own account. Coming to the United States, he located at Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he lived four years, working on farms and in the lumber woods. In 1897 he came to Washington, locating at Everett, where he worked in a smelter for two years, and during this period also attended night school. He was faithful and intelligent in the performance of his duties with the smelting company and was acting as a millwright when the mill closed down in 1899. He remained in Everett until 1907, when he went to Clallam county and took up a homestead of one hundred and seventy-two acres, a part of which was prairie land. After operating that place for seven years he sold it and returned to Everett, where he remained about six months. In that year he bought sixty acres of land near Jordan, a part of the Sticksrud homestead, about six acres of which was cleared, the remainder being covered with heavy timber. On it was a two-room house, which he added to and enlarged and then proceeded to clear and cultivate the land. He now has thirty-six acres cleared and also has a nice bearing orchard. He keeps eight good grade cows and raises mainly hay and grain. He built a good barn in 1915 and a silo in 1919, all of the farm buildings being substantial and well arranged. Mr. Roose was married, in June, 1901, to Miss Mary Carlson, a native of Sweden and daughter of Kallar and Martha Carlson, both now deceased. They were the parents of seven children, Christine and Nels, both deceased, Mary, Carl, Johanna, Andrew and John. Mrs. Roose came to the United States in 1893. Mr. and Mrs. Roose have the following children : Clarence, who graduated from grammar school when eleven years of age, from the Arlington high school at the age of fifteen years, the youngest member of his class, and is now a captain in the Reserve Officers Training Camp at the University of Washington, where he is a student ; Arthur, who is a graduate of the Arlington high school, and Alice, who is a senior in the high school. Mr. Roose is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and has served as a member of the Jordan school board. He has done a good deal of road building as supervisor and is greatly interested in the general progress and improvement of the community. A man of cordial and friendly manner, and progressive in his citizenship, he has long held an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of the entire community. JOHN KANEKKEBERG A scientific agriculturist, John Kanekkeberg has done much to raise the standards of farming in Snohomish county, in which he has lived for a quarter of a century, and his ranch near Everett is one of the finest in northwestern Washington. A son of Lars and Anna (Ryken) Kanekkeberg, he was born in 1851 and is a native of Norway. His mother passed away in that country and the father's demise occurred at Silverlake, Washington. 634 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY John Kanekkeberg received a good education and for five years was a teacher in the agricultural school of Stend. When he severed his connection with that institution he was presented with a silver cup as a mark of appreciation of his work. While one of its instructors he entered the Norwegian army but was anxious to resume his educational work and after several months secured a substitute to finish the required term of military service. In 1882 Mr. Kanek-keberg came to the United States, visiting two uncles, who were living in Minnesota, and in 1883 he went to South Dakota. He preempted a quarter section near Pierre but owing to the continued drought was unable to raise crops and decided to leave the state. Coming to the Pacific coast, he spent a year at the Cascade Locks in Oregon and then crossed the Columbia river to Washington. He was one of the earliest settlers in that district, in which he entered a homestead, and soon afterward opened a post office at Home Valley, in Skamania county. There he lived for twelve years and cleared a large portion of the tract but lost everything through forest fires. He next spent a year in Everett, Washington, in order that his children might attend the city schools and in 1901 moved to his present place, which comprises forty acres. It was heavily wooded and there was only a "snake" road winding in and out among the trees. He had to buni much valuable timber in order to clear the ranch and was obliged to grub out the stumps as he had no dynamite. He obtained his supplies in Lowell and packed them to his place, carrying many heavy burdens in the early days. It was many years before a road was built and he experienced all of the trials and hardships of frontier life. He now has about thirty acres cleared and his land is rich and productive. He keeps chickens and pigs and his principal crops are hay and potatoes. His ranch is supplied with good buildings and modern improvements and his intelligently directed labors have placed him in the front rank of the progressive farmers of this region. In 1886 Mr. Kanekkeberg was married in South Dakota to Miss Bessie Rodland, whom he had known in Norway. She came to the United States about 1884 and has become the mother of six children, but Agnes, the firstborn, is deceased. She was the wife of C. Knutsen, of Bellingham, and left a daughter, Bernice. The sisters, Agnes and Tillie, married brothers and had a double wedding. The latter is the wife of H. Knutsen, of Bellingham, and they have six children. Solway was united in marriage to Frank Perry, of Tacoma, Washington, and two children were born to them. The other members of the Kanekkeberg family are: Swan-hild, of Tacoma, Washington; Lars, who is married and also lives in Tacoma ; and Adolph, who was graduated from the State College at Pullman, Washington, and is now connected with the People's Service Company of Denver, Colorado. Lars was in the United States navy at the time of the World war and his brother Adolph served in the Merchant Marine during that period. Mr. Kanekkeberg engaged in donation road work in the early days and for many years was a member of the school board. When he came to this section there were no schools and he has witnessed many notable changes as the years have passed, rejoicing in what has been accomplished. He has always evinced that keen interest in progressive movements and that eagerness to advance the general welfare which are embodied in the truest ideals of public service and during the period of his residence in this locality he has won the unqualified esteem of all with whom he has been associated. GEORGE W. MAJOR George W. Major was long numbered among the prosperous agriculturists and highly esteemed citizens of Snohomish county, where he departed this life May 24, 1924. He was born at Carlisle, Iowa, on the 21st of November, 1854, the son of William Major, a farmer by occupation, who passed away at Carlisle in the year 1889. George W. Major was still but a baby when his mother died. Two of the five children of the family are still living, Mrs. Sarah Deets and Mrs. Mary Marsh, both of whom reside in Iowa. George W. Major acquired his education in the state of his nativity and after putting aside his textbooks worked in the employ of others for several years. On the 21st of March, 1880, when a young man of twenty-five he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza J. Sill, a native of Cedar county, Iowa, and a daughter of Michael and Susan (Rake) Sill, both of whom were born in Ohio. Leaving the Buckeye state, Michael Sill took up his abode among the pioneer settlers of Iowa and there resided until 1881. He came to the state of Washington in the spring of that year and in the following fall returned to Iowa to dispose of his holdings there, coming back to Washington in the spring of 1882. He purchased a tract of one hundred and sixty acres two miles southeast of Silvana and spent the remainder of his life thereon, clearing the greater portion of the land and erecting a fine home. Michael and Susan Sill MR. AND MRS. GEORGE W. MAJOR HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 637 were the parents of eleven children, namely : William, who is deceased; Jasper, who resides near Arlington, Washington; Isaac, who has also passed away ; Marion, deceased ; Mrs. Mary Masterson, deceased ; Mrs. Susie Hancock, who lives in Stanwood, Washington ; Mrs. Eliza Major, of Stanwood; Rebecca, living at Silvana; Charles W., also a resident of Silvana; Nelson, who is deceased ; and Tillie, who died in infancy. In 1882, George W. Major came west with his bride to Snohomish county, Washington, and a year later preempted one hundred and sixty acres of land two miles southeast of Stan-wood—a tract of woods, timber and swamps. He erected a small house thereon and began clearing and draining the land. It was necessary to go to Stanwood for supplies by canoe, as no roads had yet been built and the Indians far outnumbered the white settlers. Mr. Major made his home on his ranch near Stanwood until his death, at which time forty acres of the place had been cleared. His widow now owns a tract of sixty-three acres, all save eleven acres of which has been cleared and is in a high state of cultivation, constituting one of the best and most productive farms of the community. She keeps thirty-three good grade Guernsey cows, all excellent producers, and annually harvests large crops of hay and grain. The property is improved with substantial buildings, including a barn one hundred by eighty feet, which was erected in 1916, and a handsome modern residence which was built in 1919. Mrs. Major has successfully managed the ranch during the past twenty-two years and is widely known as a very capable and enterprising woman. Her late husband was for many years engaged in the operation of a large wheat farm in eastern Washington and subsequently became interested in mining. Mr. and Mrs. Major were the parents of six children, as follows : Marion 0., who is deceased ; Charles, who is married and has three children—Darl, Marjorie and Murray ; William, who died in infancy ; Gertrude, at home ; Eben, who also lives with his widowed mother ; and Mrs. Vivian Gleason who has three children—Lucille Jane, Betty Lou and Kenneth Leroy. Mrs. Major has manifested an active and helpful interest in community affairs, being a stanch champion of both the good roads movement and the cause of education. She has served as a member of the school board and was active in Red Cross work during the period of the World war. She represents one of the honored pioneer families of Snohomish county and enjoys an extensive and favorable acquaintance throughout her home community. CALEB COOK Caleb Cook, through persistent and well directed efforts, has attained a place among the successful farmers of Snohomish county. Nearly forty years ago he came to Snohomish county and has had an active part in its progress and upbuilding. Mr. Cook was born in Warren county, Iowa, April 23, 1861, and is a son of D. W. and Judith (Wright) Cook. His father was born in Indiana in 1816 and was a member of one of the pioneer families of that state, living near Indianapolis for many years. In 1866 he moved to Miami county, Kansas, where he operated a farm and also worked as a millwright. His wife was a native of Ohio and Caleb is the youngest of the twelve children born to his parents. Three of his brothers served in the Union army during the Civil war, two of them making the supreme sacrifice. Caleb Cook received his education in the public schools and remained with his parents until after his marriage, which occurred when he was nineteen years old, when he went to Coffey county, Kansas, and bought eighty acres of land, to the operation of which he devoted his efforts for two years. He then went back to his father's place, which he rented for two years, and in 1888 came to Washington. He first went to Lewis county, where he had a brother living, and from there went to Seattle, looking for a favorable location. He took up a claim five miles north of Bothell, in King county, which he sold a year later, and then leased school land near his present place in Snohomish county, remaining there seven years, when he bought six acres of land near Larimer Corners, on which he lived two years, after which he rented land across the river from his present farm two years. About 1900 Mr. Cook bought seventy-six acres of his present place, to which he has since added more acreage, and has continuously engaged in its cultivation. When he came here the only highway was but a trail and Mr. Cook petitioned for the present road. The only clearing which had been done on the land was a part of the old camp on the Bailey claim, which had been logged. He now has about sixty acres of his land cleared, the remainder being in pasture. He raises plenty of feed for his stock, and also has a good yield of corn, while a part of the land is planted to berries. He keeps eight cows and has been very successful 638 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY as a dairy farmer. Several years ago he was on the eastern side of the mountains, and while there became the owner of a good orchard. He was off his present place about six years, returning in 1923. He has also done a good deal of clearing on other land here, including about forty acres of the school land which he had rented before coming here, and he has also done a good deal of free road work in order to hasten the improvement and development of the locality. On January 1, 1880, Mr. Cook was united in marriage to Miss Sara Alice Inman, who is a native of Wisconsin and related to the Inmans so prominently connected with lake shipping interests. She is the daughter of John and Hannah (Sidmore) Inman, the latter a native of Ohio. Her father, who was a native of Pennsylvania, became an attorney by profession, moved to Wisconsin in the formative days of that state's history, and named Rock county and Rock River, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Cook became parents of six children: Cora May, the wife of George Walters, of Monroe, and they have two children, Kenneth, who is with Purdy & Sons, undertakers, of Monroe, and Iola ; Myrtle, who died at the age of twenty-four months ; W. W., a garage owner at Monroe, who is married and has six children ; John Inman, who lives in Monroe, and is married and has four children; Frank Leslie, who was married and had two children and died May 12, 1923, in Arizona ; and Ralph Clinton, who remains at home. Mr. Cook has been deeply interested in educational affairs, has served many terms on school boards, was largely instrumental in organizing the school district near Bothell and built the schoolhouse. In every relation of life he has been true and loyal and has enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his community. HERBERT L. THURMOND Herbert L. Thurmond is numbered among the citizens of northwestern Snohomish county who have built up comfortable homes and surrounded themselves with large landed and personal property. A native of Lincoln county, Kentucky, he was born on the 19th of December, 1886, and is a son of S. C. and Otie L. (Dawson) Thurmond, also natives of Kentucky, where the father was born in 1851. The paternal ancestral line is traced back to Virginia. The great-grandfather, Henry Thurmond, was at one time one of the largest farmers and stock-raisers in Lincoln county, owning several thousand acres of land and many slaves. He was prominent in public affairs and was one of the influential men of his section of the state. S. C. Thurmond taught school for four years in Kentucky and then engaged in the tobacco business, buying, grading and selling the leaf, while at the same time he operated a large farm. He continued in those lines until 1906, when he retired from the tobacco business, sold his farm and came to Stanwood, Washington. He bought one hundred and twenty-two acres of land on Hatt slough, three miles south of Stanwood, and farmed there with his sons until selling out to Herbert. He then moved to Stanwood and bought ten acres of land between East Stanwood and the old town, which he set out to strawberries, intersetting the rows with cherry trees. This is one of the largest strawberry fields in Snohomish county and he has been very successful in its cultivation. The soil is rich and productive and he is enjoying a prosperous business. He built a fine house and other buildings and is very comfortably situated. To him and his wife were born nine children, namely : H. B., who lives in Oregon ; Mrs. Vivian Garvin, deceased ; F. L., of Kentucky ; Ruth, deceased ; Herbert L.; Headley ; San Van; Mrs. Lauraine Tomlinson; and Mrs. Christine Howard. In the maternal line H. L. Thurmond also comes of an old Kentucky family. His grandfather Dawson was a farmer in that state and also owned a sawmill and flourmill. He was an elder in the Christian church and was a well known and popular man throughout his section. Herbert L. Thurmond acquired his education in the public schools of Lincoln county, Kentucky, and afterward traveled for a St. Louis stove firm for two years. He came with his parents to Washington in 1907 and was a partner in the farm on Hatt slough until 1916, when he bought his brother's interest in the place, and in 1922 also bought his father's interest, being now the sole owner of the land. In 1925 he bought one hundred and thirty-five acres adjoining, later also buying sixty-five acres adjoining the last purchase, so that he now owns three hundred and twenty-two acres of splendid land, practically all of which is under cultivation, in addition to which he leases one hundred and three acres from A. B. Anderson. His land, which is all in one body, comprises one of the finest farms in Snohomish county and is cultivated with both horses and tractors. Mr. Thurmond keeps one hundred head of good grade Holstein cattle, some pure bred, and several registered sires. He uses milking machines and conducts the dairy according to the most approved and up-to-date methods, being one of the first men in the county to use the machines. His dairy herd is one of the largest and finest in the state. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 639 Mr. Thurmond is also interested in the chicken business, keeping one thousand laying hens of the White Leghorn variety. On January 23, 1915, Mr. Thurmond was married to Miss Bertha Larson, who was born and reared in Florence, this county, a daughter of Andrew and Betsey (Qualley) Larson. Her father, who is a native of Wisconsin, is now living in Stanwood, while her mother, who was born in Iowa, is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Thurmond have four children, namely: Herbert Lyn, born February 3, 1916 ; Merle J., February 8, 1918 ; Rosemary, November 27, 1920; and Wallace J., born January 28, 1924. RAY CAMPBELL Ray Campbell, the proprietor of Campbell's cafe, in Everett, one of the high class and popular restaurants of this city, has attained his present prosperity by sheer force of character and persistency of purpose and is eminently deserving of the success which is crowning his efforts. A native of Cloquet, Carlton county, Minnesota, he was born on the 25th of June, 1890, and is a son of W. E. and Addie (Keyes) Campbell. During the early '90s, W. E. Campbell moved to Minneapolis, where he engaged in the restaurant business until 1901, when he came to Washington, locating at Clear Lake, and later at Marysville, this state, in both of which places he engaged in the same line of business. In 1903 he came to Everett and bought a restaurant from Wallie Buck, which he ran for a time, and later he had the American restaurant. He is now retired from active business and is living in this city. Ray Campbell secured his education in the public schools and then assisted his father in the restaurant business. In 1917 he enlisted for service in the World war and was placed in charge of the mess at Camp Lewis, where he remained about a year. He then went overseas and was assigned to the bakery for a time, after which he became mess sergeant for General Pershing, with whom he remained seven months. During this period he baked many pies for the general, who is very fond of that form of pastry. He traveled over England, France, Italy, Germany. At the close of the war Mr. Campbell received an honorable discharge and on his return to Everett opened a restaurant opposite the postoffice, which he ran for seven months. He also conducted the Interurban cafe for a few months and then bought a lot at 2916 Wetmore avenue, on which he erected the splendid new building which he now occupies. He has an attractive, well equipped restaurant, with a seating capacity of eighty persons, and is enjoying a well merited patronage. Close attention to the tastes and desires of his patrons, as well as prompt and efficient service, has enabled him to make his place one of the most popular and successful in the city. He employs sixteen people and gives close personal supervision to all the details of the business, for which experience and natural aptitude have well qualified him. Mr. Campbell is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the American Legion, the Forty and Eight, the Veterans of Foreign Wars and the Americanism Club. Politically he is independent of strict party lines, voting according to his judgment as to men and measures. He is a man of pleasing address, cordial and friendly in all his social relations, and has gained wide popularity among his patrons and the general public, the circle of his friends being almost coextensive with the circle of his acquaintances. C. C. McCAULLEY Among the leading agriculturists of Snohomish county is C. C. McCaulley, whose home is near Arlington. He has long been recognized as a practical and progressive farmer, whose prosperity has been the legitimate fruits of his well directed efforts. He was born in Adair county, Iowa, on the 27th of September, 1879, and is a son of B. F. and Margaret E. (Gregg) McCaulley. Both parents were natives of Pennsylvania and are now deceased, the father dying in January, 1916, and the mother in June of the same year. They had ten children: William, Charles, Harry, Kate, George, Remington, C. C., Laura, Benjamin and Harold. C. C. McCaulley was educated in the public schools of Iowa and then devoted himself to the work of the home farm until 1899, when he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, Washington. After locating here he worked in the woods, cutting shingle bolts, and as a farm hand. For two years he was also employed in the state fish hatchery on Jim creek. In 1906 he moved to a ranch belonging to his wife, comprising sixty-four acres on the Stillaguamish river, five miles east of Arlington. In 1920 he bought forty-two acres additional, but the river has washed away about thirty acres of the land, so that the place now contains seventy-six acres. When 640 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY they settled on the land it was covered with timber and brush, and Mr. McCaulley immediately set to work to clear it and put it under cultivation. He built a small house, which was in later years enlarged and remodeled, and in the course of time he has cleared about forty acres of the land, most of it being in pasture. He keeps fourteen good grade cows, and he raises principally hay and root crops. He has made a number of substantial improvements on the place, which is now one of the most desirable farms in that locality, and he is devoting himself closely to its operation, meeting with splendid success. On May 28, 1901, Mr. McCaulley was united in marriage to Miss Lena B. McCaulley, who was born on Camano island, near Stanwood, September 23, 1883, and is a daughter of Matthew and Frances (Davis) McCaulley, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania and the latter on Camano island, Washington, in 1863. Her mother died in 1891, and her father April 17, 1919. They were the parents of four children, namely Lena B., now Mrs. McCaulley ; and James, Fred and Mrs. Maude Boland, all residents of Arlington. Matthew McCaulley was formerly engaged in farming in Illinois, and there enlisted in the Union army, serving throughout the Civil war. At its close he went to Iowa, where he remained until 1869, when he removed farther west for a two-year stay. He then returned to Iowa, where he lived until 1878, when he joined a company migrating to the Puget Sound country. From 1878 to 1883 he resided at Stanwood and then moved to a large tract which he had bought further up on the Stillaguamish river, and there he lived and labored, developing a splendid farm, about ninety acres of the land being cleared., Mrs. McCaulley's maternal grandfather, Reuben J. Davis, was a native of New York, whence he came to Washington in the late '50s, and his death occurred at Florence in 1892. He was the father of three children, Frank, Frances and Agnes, the last two named being deceased. To our subject and his wife have been born twelve children, as follows : Clarence, born September 3, 1901 ; Lawrence, born June 13, 1903 ; Roy, who was born September 21, 1905, and died May 21, 1919 ; Mrs. Alice Lundberg, who was born July 22, 1907, and is the mother of a daughter, Jeanette Lucile, born December 2, 1925 ; Florence, born February 24, 1909, now a student in the Arlington high school ; Ernest, born March 30, 1910, also in the Arlington high school ; Maude, born June 30, 1911; Martin, born September 13, 1912 ; Hazel, born August 27, 1913 ; Milton, born August 10, 1914; Elsie, born November 3, 1915, and Effie, born December 3, 1917. Mr. McCaulley is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, while fraternally he is affiliated with Arlington Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is an active supporter of good roads and has maintained a keen interest in educational affairs, believing in the best possible school facilities. A man of good business ability, indomitable industry and absolutely fair in all his dealings, he holds an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. MILES S. MITCHELL The horizon of each man's achievements is bounded only by his own powers. Possessing the requisite stamina and ability, Miles S. Mitchell has risen from a humble position to one of power and influence and is now numbered among Everett's foremost business men. He was born October 21, 1887, in Mapleton, North Dakota, and is a son of R. M. and Elizabeth (Brownlee) Mitchell, who migrated to Washington in 1890. They spent two years in Tacoma and in 1892 the father opened a real estate office in Everett, casting in his lot with its pioneer settlers. , Miles S. Mitchell was a child of three years when his parents came to the Pacific coast and his education was acquired in the public schools of Everett. He also completed a course in a business college and in 1904, when a youth of seventeen, obtained work in the Sumner Iron Works, with which he has since been connected. Starting as office boy, he applied himself diligently to his tasks and gradually mastered the technicalities of the business. His employers found him trustworthy, capable and conscientious and he was steadily promoted, becoming treasurer of the corporation in 1920. The business was established in Everett in 1893 and has kept pace with the development of the city and the surrounding territory. The firm specializes in the manufacture of machinery for shingle mills and sawmills and controls the largest industry of its kind in the Pacific northwest. Mr. Mitchell has faithfully served the company for twenty-two years and has practically grown up with the business, of which his labors have become an integral part. In 1913 Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage to Miss Blanche Harris, of Colfax, Illinois, and they now have two children, Mabel and Marion, aged respectively eight and four years. Mr. Mitchell belongs to the Cascade Club, the Everett Country Club, and the Young Men's Christian Association, and along fraternal lines is connected with the Benevolent Protective HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 641 Order of Elks. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has won success on his own merits and his example is well worthy of emulation by those who aspire to a high level of accomplishment. GEORGE STOCKER One of the owners of extensive farming interests in Snohomish county is George Stocker. His valuable property has been acquired through his own efforts, his persistency of purpose and sound judgment, and the prosperity which he now enjoys is richly deserved. Mr. Stocker was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1870, and is a son of George and Sophie (Heller) Stocker, both of whom were born near Berlin, Germany. The father was a cigarmaker in Germany, came to the United States when sixteen years of age, and followed the same occupation in Philadelphia, where his marriage occurred some time later. George Stocker attended the public schools of his native city until fourteen years of age, when, his mother having died four years previously, he went to live with an uncle in Nebraska. In that state he finished his education and helped his uncle on the farm for three years. When twenty-one years of age he engaged in farming on his own account in eastern Nebraska, where he remained until 1893, when he went to Red Willow county, that state, and farmed for seven years. He had been married in 1894 and in November, 1899, he and his wife's family came to Snohomish county, Washington, all locating near Blackman's lake. Mr. Stocker bought thirty-one acres of land, all covered with stumps, logs and second-growth timber, while the only highway to the place was an old skid road. He cleared about ten acres of this place, cutting away the brush on the remainder, and also did considerable logging over a period of many years. He remained on that place twelve years and also cleared another tract of land near Blackman's lake, which he planted to celery and garden truck. In 1912 Mr. Stocker came to his present farm of ninety acres, which was badly encumbered with logs and brush and contained an old house, the tract having been badly neglected. He now has about fifty acres of this land cleared, the remainder being devoted to pasture. He has made splendid improvements, including an attractive house, good barns and other necessary farm buildings, and is now giving his attention largely to dairy farming. He keeps twenty-eight cows, mainly Holsteins and Guernseys, some of which are pure bred, and also has a registered sire. He raises his own roughage and practically all the grain needed, also has a few acres in potatoes and has a flock of one hundred chickens. In early days Mr. Stocker did a good deal of road work at Black-man's lake in order to get the county commissioners to accept and improve the highways, and thus he contributed directly to the development of his locality. In 1894 Mr. Stocker was united in marriage to Miss Rena Hereth, who was born in Bevery, Germany, a daughter of John and Annie (Hulzoller) Hereth, both natives of the same locality, where their marriage occurred. To Mr. and Mrs. Stocker have been born eleven children : Mrs. Laura Fisher lives in Idaho and is the mother of three children ; Grover, who lives at Blackman's lake, is married and has two children ; Mrs. Ella Bobo, of Denver, has one child ; Edwin, of South Snohomish, is married and has two children ; Werner, who lives at home, owns a farm, which he rents, and he works in a mill ; Conrad, Hilda, and Ruth are the next of the family ; Frances and Audrey were drowned in the slough when twelve and ten years of age, respectively ; Mae completes the family. Mr. Stocker is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and is a director of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers' Association, of which he was one of the organizers. He has shown a progressive and enterprising spirit not only in his own affairs but also in matters affecting the welfare of the community, and has been a leader in important enterprises affecting the prosperity of the farmers. Because of his activity along these lines, as well as for his splendid personal character, he stands high in public regard. JOHN H. TVEIT Among the citizens of northwestern Snohomish county who have built up comfortable homes and surrounded themselves with valuable personal property, John H. Tveit is entitled to mention, for he has attained his success solely through persistent efforts. He has lived in Snohomish county for a quarter of a century. A native of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 7th of February, 1880, he is a son of Haakon and Gyrid (Berge) Tveit. The mother died in 1900 but the father, who has always followed farming pursuits, is still living in his 642 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY native land. To them were born nine children, namely, Ole, Anna, Mikal, Kersti, Guro (deceased), Lars, John, Haakon and Hannah. Reared under the paternal roof, John H. Tveit attended the public schools in the home neighborhood and helped his father on the farm until seventeen years of age, when he went to sea for three years. On February 20, 1900, he came to the United States, going direct to The Dalles, Oregon, where he secured employment in a logging camp. A year later he removed to Everett, Washington, and went to work in logging camps in that locality. In 1901 he bought eighty acres of wild timber land near Everett, from which he cut off the cedar, getting about ten acres of the land under cultivation. He slashed and burned the remainder, putting forty acres into pasture, and in 1907 sold the place. Coming to Arlington, he bought ninety acres of the Delay homestead, all of which was covered with timber and stumps, and devoted himself indefatigably to clearing this land, which is now practically accomplished, the greater part of it now being in cultivation. Mr. Tveit built a good house, to which he later made a substantial addition, also built a barn in 1912, a silo in 1914 and another silo in 1918. His chief field crops are hay, corn, oats and barley. He is devoting his attention largely to dairy farming, keeping from forty to fifty head of good grade milk cows, and has been very successful in this line. Mr. Tveit was married May 8, 1904, to Miss Martha Aker, a native of Norway and a daughter of John and Augusta (Olsen) Aker, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country. The father was a shoemaker and farmer. To them were born nine children, namely : Emil ; Martha ; Ida ; Anna ; Johan; Peter ; Enok ; Petra, deceased ; and Julia, who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Tveit have seven children : Joseph, born July 25, 1905 ; Henry Arthur, July 18, 1907 ; Gertrude, who was born August 18, 1909, and who is now in high school and is a very fine pianist ; Emil, born June 30, 1911 ; Harold, born April 30, 1913; William (John), born March 5, 1915; and Lawrence, August 26, 1916. Mr. Tveit is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and also belongs to Silvana Lodge No. 34, Sons of Norway ; Arlington Lodge No. 127, I. 0. 0. F., and the Vasa order at Arlington. He has exercised sound judgment in all his business affairs, in which he has won a well merited success, and he has ever given tangible evidence of his interest in the public welfare by generous and helpful support of measures for the public good. NELS CARLSON Nels Carlson stands among those who have, in the face of discouragements and unfavorable conditions, persevered with courage and determination, and have been at last rewarded by a gratifying measure of success. He has devoted himself closely to his farming operations and now has a very comfortable home and a valuable and well improved farm. Born in Sweden in 1885, he is a son of Carl and Bengta (Benson) Peterson, both of whom were born in Sweden, where the mother died in 1923. The father, who is still living there, is a farmer, and has also followed the shoemaker's and stonemason's trades. The subject was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools. In 1905, when twenty years of age, he crossed the Atlantic and came direct to Monroe, Snohomish county, where he worked in the Stephens mill about eight months. He then was taken ill with appendicitis, which kept him in bed for six months and caused him to lose almost a year's time. He next turned his attention to railroading, being employed at Sunset Falls in drilling, construction and other work, after which he was assigned to work about the railroad station at Columbia River. After a year with the railroad, he went into the woods near Renton, going from there to North Bend, and has worked in the woods, off and on, most of the time since. In 1914 Mr. Carlson bought twelve acres of land where he now lives, to which he later added twenty-seven acres adjoining. It was badly encumbered with stumps and brush but he has labored untiringly to improve the place, now having eleven acres cleared and in cultivation, besides which he has done a large amount of drainage work. He has lived here continuously since he bought the farm and has given his attention mainly to dairying. He keeps six cows, all high grade Holsteins, for which he raises sufficient feed on the farm. He also has considerable acreage in potatoes, in the growing of which he has been successful. Reverting to a former period in his record, in 1911 he ran a shingle bolt camp in Cherry Valley, and had a leg broken, which accident put him in the hospital for six months. In spite of all his backsets and the hard work to which he has applied himself, Mr. Carlson has retained his cheerful disposition and is looking forward to continued success in his affairs. In 1913 Mr. Carlson was married to Miss Hilda Bengtson, who died November 29, 1914. She was a daughter of A. Bengtson, who is represented on another page of this work. Mr. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 643 Carlson is a member of the Grange at Monroe, in which he held various offices, being now on the executive committee. He is also a member of Monroe Lodge, Loyal Order of Moose. A man of friendly and cordial disposition, he is deservedly popular among his associates, while throughout the community he is held in high regard. ANDREW STROTZ To an unusual degree Andrew Strotz was accorded the confidence and esteem of the people generally and his death, on January 7, 1926, was deeply regretted throughout the community. He was a man of sterling qualities, public-spirited in his advocacy of everything worth while in community life, and kindly and cordial in all his social relations, so that wherever known he commanded the friendship and respect of all. Mr. Strotz was born in Bavaria on the 17th of May, 1856, and was a son of John and Mary Strotz, both of whom died in that country. Andrew Strotz attended the public schools of his native land and in 1873, at the age of seventeen years, came to the United States. Going to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he made his home for three years, he then went to San Francisco, California, where he obtained employment in a brewery, in which he worked for about eighteen months. In the fall of 1878 he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and filed on one hundred and sixty acres of land located along the Stillaguamish river, between Silvana and Arlington. This was wild land, covered with virgin timber, and a vast amount of work was entailed in the clearing of it for cultivation. He first built a small log cabin, to which he was compelled to bHng his supplies on his back from Stanwood, twelve miles up the river. Idleness was foreign to his nature and he made rapid progress in removing the timber and brush, so that eventually it was all cleared. His second house was built of split cedar in 1889 and did service until 1910, when it was replaced by a fine, modern home, which the family has since occupied. A large and well arranged barn was built in 1905. On May 15, 1890, Mr. Strotz was married to Miss Margaretta Spealer, who also was a native of Bavaria, and daughter of Michael and Anna (Krow) Spealer, both born in Germany, where they passed away about 1906. Mrs. Strotz, who was the only child born to her parents, came to the United States in 1890. She now lives in a nice home of her own on a part of the old homestead, of which her husband had sold forty-six acres prior to his death, the present fine farm, which is largely river bottom land, comprising one hundred and twenty-four acres. The farm is now operated by the son, William, who keeps forty-five good grade Guernsey cows and a pure bred Guernsey bull. Hay and oats are the principal farm crops and the place is maintained in the best possible condition, it being considered one of the best farms in this locality. To Mr. and Mrs. Strotz were born five children, namely : Andrew J., who is married and has a daughter, Rosamund ; George, who is married and has three children, Violetta, Putte and Sylvia; Peter, who is married and has a daughter, Petrova Louise; William, who is married and became the father of twins, the survivor of whom is Wilbert, now two years of age, the other being deceased ; Mrs. Matilda Tabach, who lives in Seattle, Washington, and is the mother of two daughters, Margarite and Myrtle. H. RAYMOND SECOY, M. D. Dr. H. Raymond Secoy is one of the highly esteemed members of Everett's medical fraternity and possesses those qualities through which success comes as a natural sequence. He was born at St. Louis, Missouri, in 1891 and is a son of Frank L. and Lucy (Boyd) Secoy, who moved to Sioux City, in 1896. The father still resides in that city and is a railroad employe. Dr. Secoy received his early education at Sioux city and attended the high school at Davenport, Iowa. He was afterward a student in the medical department of the University of Iowa and was graduated with the class of 1917. He was an interne in the University Hospital at Iowa City for two years and during the World war served for seventeen months in the United States army. He began his professional career in Nebraska, spending three months in that state, and since 1920 has resided in Everett. Dr. Secoy is a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, on which he is thoroughly informed, and has been very successful in treating the cases intrusted to his care. He has established a large practice and reserves all of his energies for his profession. On August 31, 1925, Dr. Secoy was united in marriage to Miss Genevieve Walton, a 644 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY daughter of Clyde and Nora E. Walton. Her father is one of Everett's foremost business men and widely known throughout the northwest as the president of the Walton Lumber Company. Dr. Secoy enjoys the social side of life and is a popular member of the Cascade and Country Clubs of Everett. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Everett Clinic, which he aided in organizing, and is also connected with the Puget Sound Academy of Ophthalmology, the Northwestern Ophthalmological Society, the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies, and the American Medical Association. He belongs to the Kiwanis Club and is a republican but not a strong partisan, voting independently at local elections. A young man of studious disposition and pronounced ability, Dr. Secoy is destined to go far in his profession and his merit compels esteem. ANDREW L. ANDERSON One of the worthy citizens of Snohomish county is A. L. Anderson, of East Stanwood, who is easily the peer of any of his fellows in the qualities that constitute good citizenship. He is what he is from natural endowment and self-culture, having attained his present standing solely through the impelling force of his own strong nature. He possesses not only those powers that render men efficient in material affairs, but also those traits that mark helpful social intercourse. In his daily activities he manifests a generous regard for his fellowmen and he therefore commands the good will of all throughout his section of the county. Mr. Anderson was born in Columbia county, Wisconsin, September 16, 1858, and is a son of Lars and Sigtru (Testal) Anderson, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to the United States in 1858, locating in Wisconsin, where they lived until 1865, when they moved to Winnebago county, Iowa, where the father bought eighty acres of land, which he cleared and developed into a good farm, on which he lived until his death, in 1880. He was survived many years by his widow, who passed away in 1905. Of the five children who blessed their union, three are living, namely, Andrew, and Mrs. Martha Pike and Mrs. Rachel Fosnes, both of whom live in Iowa. Andrew L. Anderson was reared on the paternal farmstead and secured a good public school education. He then engaged in teaching school, which profession he followed for six years. In 1890 he made his way to Stanwood, Washington, and, leasing a tract of land, engaged in gardening for several years. He prospered in this enterprise and in 1898 bought a small tract of land near Stanwood, on which he planted an orchard. In 1913 he bought ten acres of land near the city limits of East Stanwood. The land was partly cleared and had a good house on it and here he has made his home to the present time. In 1910 Mr. Anderson was appointed deputy assessor of East Stanwood district and in the same year was appointed solicitor for the Farmers Mutual Insurance Company, with official headquarters at Enumclaw, King county. In both these positions he exhibited such ability and success that he has held them continuously to the present time, his duties demanding practically all of his time. In September, 1888, Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Johanna Nelson, a native of Iowa, and a daughter of Gunder and Brita (Rislor) Nelson, both natives of Norway. They came to the United States about 1861 and settled in Worth county, Iowa, where they lived until the early '70s, when they moved to Minnehaha county, South Dakota, of which locality they were pioneers. The father took up a homestead, which he improved and cultivated until 1876, when he went to Minnesota, where he bought a farm. Later he sold that place and in 1885 moved to Lake Mills, Iowa, where he bought a home and retired from active life, his death occurring there in 1912. His wife passed away in 1908. The father had been twice married, having five children by his first wife and three by the second marriage, the latter being Mrs. Ida Berthina Godlien, Mrs. Anderson and Martin, of Centralia, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have been born eight children, namely : Mrs. Laura Obenhofer ; Mrs. Bertha Logen, who is the mother of four children, Thomas E., Robert Edward, Jean Andria and Mary Louise; Griffin, who is married ; Nils ; Mrs. Sophia Johanson, who is a graduate nurse ; Maria, who is at home ; Endre, who is married and has a son, Allan E. ; and Harold, who has graduated from high school and expects to go to college. Griffin and Nils are both veterans of the World war. Griffin enlisted in the United States Navy and was assigned to the "Wireless" division, where he did effective work but did not get overseas. Nils was a member of Company A, Artillery section of the Forty-first Division, and served six months overseas. He was promoted to first sergeant and band leader of his company. Mr. Anderson holds a responsible position as assessor of his district and so eminently fair has been his performance of his duties that he has been commended by the taxpayers generally. Personally, he is a man of splendid qualities HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 645 of character, fair in all his dealings, generous in his support of all worthy causes, and courteous and accommodating in all his relations with his fellowmen, which qualities, together with his friendly and cordial manner, have gained for him the unbounded confidence and good will of all who have come into contact with him. ERNEST EGGERT To Ernest Eggert belongs the proud American title of self-made man, for, coming to this country poor in this world's goods and beginning the great struggle of life here alone and unaided, by his indomitable energy and persistency in the face of unfavorable conditions, he gradually forged ahead and in the course of time won financial independence and, what is more important, the hearty esteem and sincere respect of his fellowmen. Ernest Eggert is a native of Germany, born in 1861, and is a son of E. and Anna (Vergen) Eggert. The former was a woodsman and both are now deceased. Reared under the parental roof, Ernest Eggert secured his education in the public schools of his home neighborhood. In 1884 he came to the United States, locating first at Watertown, Wisconsin. In f 887 he went to Fond du Lac, that state, and later to Wausau, Wisconsin, remaining in each place but a short time. In 1888 he came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead on the hill near where Getchell now stands. The locality at that time was a veritable wilderness, no roads having been opened in the neighborhood and but little progress made in the clearing of land in that section of the county. During the early years here Mr. Eggert had to pack on his back all the family provisions and underwent many hardships and privations during that formative period. He first worked here as a bridge carpenter on the construction of railroads, thus earning money for current family expenses while the homestead was being cleared. His first homestead comprised one hundred and sixty acres, to which he later added until he is now the owner of three hundred and twenty acres, about fifty acres of which are cleared and in cultivation. In 1893 he engaged in the shingle business, building a mill, which he operated for about twenty years under the firm name of Eggert & Johnson. He also established a general store, which he still owns, and likewise started a store at Lake Stevens in 1921, the latter being managed by his son Max. In 1914 Mr. Eggert built a fine, modern, fourteen-room house, with full basement, and provided with running water and electric light. He has maintained his farm at the highest standard of improvement and efficiency, and, as an example of his progressive spirit, he brought the first sewing machine to this locality, being compelled to carry it on his back, a distance of about seven miles. In 1884 Mr. Eggert was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Rhode, the marriage taking place in Germany, where she was born. Their children are as follows : Max, conducting the store at Lake Stevens, is married and has three children ; Ida is the wife of William Moran, of Getchell, and they have three children; Anna is the wife of Oscar Peterson, of San Petro, California; William also lives at San Pedro ; Martha is the wife of Claude Morgan, of Granite Falls ; Hetweg is the wife of Hans Hansen, of Seattle ; and Edward died at the age of twenty-one years. Politically Mr. Eggert has always given his support to the republican party, has taken helpful interest in public affairs, and has served eighteen years as a member of the school board. He is a member of the Woodmen of the World and the Sons of Herman. In all of his operations since coming to Snohomish county, Mr. Eggert has been ably aided and encouraged by his wife, who uncomplainingly bore her full share of the hardships and privations incident to their pioneer days here. She is a lady of gracious qualities and has always enjoyed the sincere esteem of all who know her. Mr. Eggert is a man of sterling character, who during all the years of his residence here has commanded the confidence of all who have come into contact with him, for he has been consistent and honorable in all his dealings and has earnestly cooperated with his fellowmen in all their efforts for the improvement of the community. L. S. TRASK, M. D. Dr. L. S. Trask, a veteran of the World war, is engaged in the practice of medicine at Everett and is well equipped for the work of his profession. A son of L. W. and Jennie (Lindsay) Trask, he was born in 1886 and is a native of Springfield, Maine. The father followed the occupation of farming and also engaged in merchandising. He has passed away but the mother still resides in the Pine Tree state. 646 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Dr. Trask completed a course in Colby College of Maine in 1909 and afterward attended the Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore, Maryland, from which he was graduated in 1913 with the M. D. degree. He was an interne at the City Hospital of Seattle for fifteen months and in 1914 began his professional career at Burlington, Washington, where he resided for two years. In 1917 he entered the service of his country and was sent overseas, spending seventeen months abroad. After his return from overseas Dr. Trask was stationed at the Walter Reed General Hospital at Washington, D. C., with which he was connected until the fall of 1923, and then returned to the west. He has since been a member of the Everett Clinic and is a general practitioner but has made a special study of obstetrics and pediatrics. He has a thorough understanding of medical science and his sound judgment directs his utilization of this knowledge in practice. He has acquired marked skill in his work and his professional services are in constant demand. On October 10, 1916, Dr. Trask was united in marriage to Miss June Hughes, a daughter of Captain C. B. Hughes, who settled at Grays Harbor in pioneer times and built the first sailing vessel in that region. To Dr. and Mrs. Trask has been born a son, Leo Stewart, Jr. The Doctor is a Mason and his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. He is a young man of progressive ideas, deeply engrossed in his profession, and through experience, study and investigation is constantly broadening his knowledge and promoting his efficiency. EDWARD P. HANSEN Edward P. Hansen is the owner of a very fine dairy farm embracing one hundred acres and situated two and one-half miles southeast of Stanwood. His birth occurred in Norway on the 8th of October, 1858, his parents being Paul and Maret Hansen, who were also natives of that country. The father came alone to the United States in 1871 and worked in the lumber woods of Michigan for a year before his wife and four children joined him there in 1872. Several years later he procured a homestead claim of forty acres in Leelanau county, Michigan, and subsequently purchased eighty acres—a tract of woods and heavy hardwood timber. He cleared the homestead and also a part of the eighty acre place and devoted his attention to agricultural 'pursuits in the Wolverine state until 1882, when he came to Snohomish county, Washington. After a year's residence at Stanwood he returned to Michigan, where he remained for a period of twelve months and then came back to the Pacific northwest. He purchased forty-three acres of land on the Stillaguamish river, one mile south of East Stanwood, and continued to reside thereon throughout the remainder of his life, passing away in 1898. His wife, Mrs. Maret Hansen, died in 1899. They were the parents of four children, as follows : Edward P., of this review ; Hans, deceased ; Mrs. Elizabeth Hals, who is also deceased ; and Louis, who owns a fine ranch at Stanwood and who is a resident of Seattle. Edward P. Hansen acquired his education in the public schools of his native country and was a lad of fourteen years when he emigrated to the United States with his mother and the other children of the family. He remained under the parental roof in Michigan until he had attained the age of twenty-seven years and then in 1885 took up his abode at Stanwood, Washington. Two years later, in 1887, he procured a homestead claim of one hundred and sixty acres on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river, five miles southeast of Arlington, a heavily timbered tract of fir and cedar trees, which he sold after proving up on the property. On returning to Stanwood, he purchased his father's ranch, retaining possession thereof until the death of Paul Hansen in 1898. The same year he bought a tract of one hundred acres two and one-half miles southeast of Stanwood, part of which had been cleared. He at once set himself to the task of clearing the remainder of the land and in 1910 erected a fine nine room house on the hill. The barn was built when he purchased the property. Mr. Hansen annually harvests large crops of hay and keeps thirty head of cows on the pasture, which is excellently irrigated and remains green even in the dryest summer. He belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. On the 31st of March, 1886, Mr. Hansen was married to Johanna Johnson, a native of Norway and a daughter of John and Sigrid Johnson, likewise born in that country. The father died in Norway in 1868 and eight years later, in 1876, the widowed mother brought her children to the United States, purchasing a farm in Michigan. She departed this life in 1923. Mr. and Mrs. E. P. Hansen became the parents of nine children, namely : Peter, who lives in Alaska ; Sophie, deceased ; Sophius, who served in the navy during the period of the World war and who is a resident of California; Mrs. Josephine Lloyd, a resident of Yakima, Wash- EDWARD P. HANSEN f HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 649 ington; Mrs. Bena Mullane, living in Brooklyn, New York ; Henry, who resides in Stanwood, Washington ; Sophie, who is a graduate of the Stanwood high school and is now being trained for the profession of nursing at Los Angeles, California; John, a resident of Yakima, Washington ; and Esther, who is an eighth grade pupil in grammar school The wife and mother passed away on the 5th of September, 1913, her death being the occasion of deep and widespread regret. Mr. Hansen is widely recognized as a loyal, progressive and public-spirited citizen who does everything in his power to promote community advancement and who is particularly enthusiastic in his advocacy of good roads and improved educational facilities. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Lutheran church of Stanwood, the teachings of which he exemplifies in his daily life. The period of his residence in Snohomish county covers more than four decades and he has long enjoyed high standing among the representative agriculturists and substantial citizens of the community in which he makes his home. JOSEPH CORBEIL Among the men who are contributing of their efforts to the business prosperity of Dar-rington, with which section of the county he has been identified for a number of years, stands Joseph Corbeil, owner of the Leland Hotel, one of the best conducted and most popular hotels in that region. He was born on the 2d of July, 1863, in Montreal, Canada, and is a son of Louis and Olive (Clemen) Corbeil, both o f French descent. The father, who was a farmer by occupation throughout his active life, died September 11, 1917, having long survived his wife, who passed away on January 4, 1892. They were the parents of ten children, of which number six are living, namely : Lease, Napoleon, Josephine, Xavier, Joseph and Melvina. Joseph Corbeil attended the public schools of Canada and assisted his father on the home farm until eighteen years of age, when, in 1881, he went to Bay City, Michigan. He was employed in the logging camps of that state until 1892, when he went to Seattle, Washington. A few days later he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land near Fortson. There was no road to his land and but a poor trail, while other conditions in the locality were primitive in the extreme. He built a small log cabin and at once started to clear his land, remaining on it until 1898, in the spring of which year he went to Alaska and followed gold mining for three years. In 1901 he returned to Snohomish county and bought a small ranch on Squire creek, where he lived until 1905, when he moved to Darrington and leased the Pioneer Hotel, running it for two years. He then returned to the ranch for a few years, after which he again came to Darrington and leased the Leland Hotel from his mother-in-law. After operating it for two years, he bought a poolroom, and ran it for a few years and then sold, after which for a few years he purchased and sold a number of properties. In 1926 he bought the Leland Hotel and is now devoting his entire attention to its operation. He has shown himself well qualified for the hotel business, giving careful and painstaking attention to the wants and desires of his guests, and he has made of the Leland one of the most popular hotels in Snohomish county. Mr. Corbeil also owns another business block in Darrington. In 1902 Mr. Corbeil married Miss Melina Chenier, who is a native of Montreal, Canada, a daughter of Joseph and Malina Chenier, the former of whom is deceased, while the mother is making her home with Mr. and Mrs. Corbeil. Mr. Corbeil is a member of Everett Lodge, No. 13, Fraternal Order of Eagles, and Everett Council, No. 763, Knights of Columbus. His religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. Possessing a strong social nature, genial and cordial among those with whom he comes into contact, he has a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the county and a host of warm and loyal friends. S. W. WAY Coming to Everett with no resources save youth, energy and determination, S. W. Way has achieved the full measure of success, and his activities in connection with the laundry business have won for him statewide prominence. A son of A. J. and Lucina (Pertlow) Way, he was born in 1878 and is a native of Michigan. His father was a dealer in horses and also engaged in farming. In later life he migrated from Michigan to Washington, locating in Everett, and his remaining years were spent in this city. 650 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Way supplemented his public school education by attendance at the University of Michigan and for three years devoted his attention to the study of medicine but never followed the profession. He worked on various farms and later was connected with the meat business. In 1899, when a young man of twenty-one, he came to Everett, his total assets at that time amounting to twenty-five cents. He cleaned wall paper in order to secure enough money for his immediate needs and afterward drove a wagon for the Cascade Laundry. In 1900 he purchased the I X L Hand Laundry and a year and a half later sold the business, making a profit of four hundred dollars. He worked for two years for the Troy Laundry and for four years was in the employ of the Star Laundry. He thus gained valuable experience and in 1907 established the Independent Laundry, which he operated for three weeks, when it was destroyed by fire. His half-brother, Frank Smith, then built and equipped a plant, which was also named the Independent Laundry, and Mr. Way has since managed the business, of which he is now the owner. In 1924 he purchased the People's Laundry, with a floor space of fifty by one hundred and twenty feet, and has changed the name to the New Way Laundry. In these two plants he has installed every modern device to facilitate the work and employs forty-six men and eighteen women. He has ten delivery wagons, which cover Everett, and his trade also extends outside of the city limits. In 1921 he bought a small laundry in Yakima and in 1924 acquired a large plant in that city. It is controlled by the Peerless Laundry Company, which operates five wagons and furnishes employment to fourteen men and fifty women. Mr. Way has non-union workers and pays them high wages. He has a fine restaurant for his employes, many of whom have been with him since he started in business, and their loyal cooperation and good will are among his most valuable assets. His total equipment represents an investment of more than three hundred thousand dollars, and the sum of about eighty thousand dollars has been expended upon the towel supply service, the only one in Everett. He maintains a high standard of service and owes much of his success to the advice and assistance of his wife, who has played an important part in the upbuilding of the business. His is the only laundry in the state operated on a cash basis, and in the control of the business he displays executive ability of a high order. He has a large dry-cleaning establishment and also operates a steam plant which furnishes heat to two hundred customers, all of whom reside in Everett. He is a man of large affairs and is constantly expanding the scope of his activities as opportunity offers. In 1904 Mr. Way was married in Everett to Miss Mary Lausbaugh and to this union has been born a son, Seth W., Jr., now thirteen years of age. Mr. Way belongs to the Riverside Commercial Club, the Everett Chamber of Commerce and the Lions Club. He is a member of the State Laundrymen's Association, of which he was president in 1924, and in that capacity formed seven small organizations in various towns of Washington. Along fraternal lines he is affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Way has sown wisely and well, and his life has been a succession of harvests. He is a man of marked strength of character, dominated at all times by an accurate sense of business exigency and acting in accordance with the highest standards of commercial ethics. Fortunate indeed is the city that can point to such men as its exemplars. ARTHUR C. KNIGHT Arthur C. Knight, whose death occurred on the 29th of April, 1926, was a man of splendid character and genuine worth, held in high esteem by a host of friends, and his death was deeply regretted by all who knew him. Born at Monson, Maine, April 11, 1862, he was a son of Amos and Lois (Hall) Knight, both of whom were natives of the Pine Tree state. The father followed farming there and he and his wife both died in Maine. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Susan Caroline, Peleg W., John Henry and Arthur C., deceased ; Dora May; Lois H.; and William, deceased. In the public schools of his native state Arthur C. Knight received his education and then remained at home awhile. His first employment was as clerk in a grocery store at Monson, where he worked three years. In September, 1885, he went to Seattle, Washington, and shortly afterwards came to Snohomish, where he clerked in a store during that winter. In the spring of 1886 he went to Port Gamble and for about eighteen months was employed on a dairy ranch and in a logging camp. He then returned to Snohomish and began hauling logs with ox teams, following that line of work about a year, at the end of which time he went into Snohomish and opened a meat market. Some time later he sold that business and for two years was engaged in buying and selling cattle. In 1894 he went to Granite Falls and worked in shingle mills for two and a half years, when he returned to Snohomish and worked on a ranch until the spring of 1898, when he went to Alaska. After two and a half years spent in the gold mines, Mr. Knight came back to Washington and was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 651 employed in the woods for two years. In 1903 he bought a variety store in Snohomish, which he conducted for six and a half years, when he sold the business and took up a homestead at Conrad, Montana. He lived there five years and then traded that property for eighty acres of land one mile east of Arlington, about twenty-five or thirty acres of which were cleared, and that is still the family home. In 1915 Mr. Knight was married to Miss Clara A. Paul, a native of Maine, whose death occurred in October, 1916. They had an adopted daughter, Lottie Paul St. John. On September 27, 1919, Mr. Knight was united in marriage to Mrs. Minnie (Rowe) Cyphers, who was born in Germany, a daughter of Rudolph and Minnie (Denhoff) Rowe, who also were natives of that country. Her family came to the United States in 1873, settling first in Wisconsin, where they lived until 1892, when they came to Washington, settling in Snohomish, where the father's death occurred in 1910. The mother passed away in September, 1925. They were the parents of five children, Carl, Minnie, Martha, William and one who died in infancy. Mrs. Knight was educated in the public schools of Wisconsin and came to Washington with her parents. On May 24, 1893, she became the wife of Levi Howard Cyphers, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1849. Mr. Cyphers came to Washington in the early '80s, settling in Snohomish, where he followed the lumber business until his death, September 12, 1913. By this union there were five children: Charles Edward, born in Mukilteo, Washington, February 27, 1894, is married and has three sons, Howard, born January 18, 1918, Donald, born August 9, 1919, and Jack, born in August, 1922 ; Helen, born in Snohomish in July, 1895, is the wife of Oscar Wirsching and has two children, Norman J., born in June, 1918, and Betty Lou, November 2, 1922 ; Mrs. Pearl Price was born in Snohomish, June 23, 1900 ; Grace Irene, born July 21, 1907, graduated from the Arlington high school, and is now a student in the Metropolitan Business College in Seattle ; Jack Howard, born June 13, 1912, died November 5, 1915. Mr. Cyphers was a man of marked ability and took an active interest in public affairs. He served four years in the early '80s as sheriff of Snohomish county and also conducted the old Penobscot hotel at Snohomish for four or five years. He was a member of Snohomish Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He was intimately familiar with every phase of the lumber business and was generally conceded to be one of the best loggers on Puget sound. Mrs. Knight still carries on the operation of the ranch, keeping a number of good milk cows, while she raises good crops of hay, a part of her land being in pasture. She is a good manager and is a lady of splendid qualities of character, which have endeared her to her large circle of warm and devoted friends throughout the community. JOHN BREKHUS Among the oldest and most highly esteemed families of the northwestern part of Snohomish county stands the Brekhus family, of which the subject of this review is a worthy representative. Through the years he has taken an active part in the development of this locality and at all times has cooperated with his fellow citizens in movements for the public benefit. Mr. Brekhus was born in Chicago, Illinois, on the 11th of January, 1873, and is the son of Sivert and Louisa (Skelstad) Brekhus, both of whom were natives of Norway. The father was born May 10, 1830 and the mother, November 2, 1841. They came to the United States about 1863, settling in Chicago, where the father followed the trade of a carpenter until the fall of 1874, when he came to Stanwood, Washington. In the following spring he took up a homestead of sixty-eight acres, a mile northeast of Silvana. The place was covered with a dense growth of timber and brush and he at once applied himself to the task of clearing the land, first building a small log house. He was compelled to bring his supplies from Seattle by row boat, there being no nearer source of supply. He spent his remaining years on that place and at the time of his death, September 28, 1906, the land was all cleared and had been developed into one of the best farms on the river. His wife died May 5, 1915. To them were born three children, John, Inga, and Gilbert, who was born on the Stillaguamish river, the first white child born in that locality. He now lives in Arlington. John Brekhus received his education in the first school in this locality, it being held in Knutsen's house, on the river, and taught by Mrs. McFadden. Later he attended the Norman school and then assisted his father in clearing the home farm, and also engaged in freighting supplies to logging camps. For a number of years he took contracts for cutting and hauling shingle bolts, using his own team. In 1903 he bought fifty-one acres of land, a half mile east of Silvana, about two acres of the land being cleared, while the remainder was covered with heavy timber. He built a good house and barn and then applied himself to clearing the land. In the course of time this was accomplished and his place is now conceded to be one of the best 652 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ranches on the Stillaguamish river. Mr. Brekhus keeps seventeen good Holstein cows and a registered sire and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. His principal crops are hay, oats and wheat, while he also raises sufficient peas and vetch for silo purposes. He is a stockholder in the Silvana Trading Union. On August 1, 1903, Mr. Brekhus was married to Miss Agnes Toen, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Torkel and Bertha (Olson) Toen, both of whom are still living in Norway, where they own a small farm. They are the parents of eight children. Mrs. Brekhus came to the United States in 1901 and by her marriage has become the mother of seven children Sivert T., born September 5, 1904, lives in Chelan, Washington ; Bertha L., born November 4, 1905, lives in Everett ; Albert J., born November 26, 1907, is in high school ; Andrew G., born September 29, 1909 ; Erling S., born September 21, 1913 ; Arthur Leo, born September 10, 1911, and Martha J., born March 25, 1921, are at home. Mr. Brekhus has taken an active interest in improved highways and good schools, having served many years as a member of the school board. He tells many interesting incidents of his early experiences in this locality, one of which was that during a big jam on the river his father was compelled to use three boats in getting supplies to his home, keeping one boat above each jam and carrying the supplies around each jam from boat to boat. Mr. Brekhus is a man of sterling character and industrious habits, has devoted himself closely to the operation of his farm and the success which has crowned his efforts has been well merited, so that he enjoys the respect and esteem of all who know him. JOHN ADOLF WATSON John Adolf Watson, formerly mayor of Snohomish, was long numbered among its leading business men but now lives retired, enjoying the ease and comfort purchased by a life of industry and thrift. He was born November 19, 1862, and is a native of St. Joseph, Missouri. His parents were John and Dorothy (Degen) Watson, the former a prominent grocer of St. Joseph. Mr. Watson received a public school education and at the age of twenty-one years obtained a position in the United States revenue service. In 1888 he opened a grocery in Seattle, Washington, but sold the business a year later and came to Snohomish. He was in the employ of Blackman Brothers for a few months and then entered the office of the county auditor. He was made chief deputy and later filled a similar position in the office of the county treasurer, serving under C. L. Lawry. Mr. Watson was the proprietor of a clothing establishment in Snohomish for a few years and then turned his attention to the logging industry, with which he was connected until 1904. He next opened a bakery and successfully conducted that business for fifteen years, maintaining a fine establishment. Having accumulated a substantial competence, he retired in 1918 and turned the business over to his son, who has adhered to the high standard of service inaugurated by the father. In 1884 Mr. Watson married Miss Ida May Marquis, of Des Moines, Iowa, and three sons were born to them. Arthur, the oldest, is ably managing the bakery and has a wife and daughter. Adolph is engaged in business at Columbus, Ohio, and handles bakers' supplies. James Bruce is married and conducts a bakery in Monroe, Washington. Mr. Watson is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in Masonry he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is an adherent of the republican party and served very acceptably as mayor of Snohomish, filling the office for three terms. He took a determined stand for the rigid enforcement of law and order and gave to the municipality a progressive and businesslike administration, productive of much good. Mr. Watson is one of the most loyal and public-spirited citizens of Snohomish, in which city he has made his home for thirty-seven years, and during this period he has won the esteem of many friends. ARTHUR H. GUNDERSON, M. D. Dr. Arthur H. Gunderson is a highly esteemed member of the Everett Clinic and an able exponent of the medical profession. He was born November 9, 1889, in Rolfe, Iowa, and is a son of Charles Lewis and Dena (Christianson) Gunderson, who still reside in the Hawkeye state. The father is engaged in the insurance business and has also won success as an agriculturist. Dr. Gunderson received his scientific training in the University of Iowa and was gradu- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 653 ated with the class of 1918, winning the M. D. degree. In June, 1918, lie responded to his country's call to arms and served until the close of the war, never faltering in the performance of his duties. He was interne one year and clinical assistant one year at the University Hospital. He afterward took a post-graduate course at Harvard University, which he attended for one and a half years, and since October, 1920, has maintained an office in Everett. Dr. Gunderson is an expert diagnostician and also specializes in internal medicine, of which he has likewise made a thorough study. He accurately applies his scientific knowledge to the needs of his patients and enjoys a large practice, to which he gives his undivided attention. Dr. Gunderson is a director of the Everett General Hospital and serves the Bank of Commerce in a similar capacity. He is a Rotarian and an earnest worker for the good of his community. He is a member of the Sigma Nu and Nu Sigma Nu fraternities and in 1915 was elected president of the I Club of the University of Iowa. While attending that institution he was a leader in outdoor sports, acting as captain of the 'varsity football team in 1914, and for three years he was a member of the Iowa Athletic Board. He enjoys golf and is one of the popular members of the Everett Country Club. Dr. Gunderson casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party but has never entered politics. He belongs to the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies and the American Medical Association. He is a deep student, constantly striving to perfect himself in his chosen profession, and every step he has made toward a successful career has been in the right direction. ALFRED R. ARNDT Early in life Alfred R. Arndt realized the value of industry and perseverance as factors in advancement and his marked success as a truck gardener is largely due to these qualities. He resides on a ranch near Startup and represents an old and highly respected family of this district. He was born at New Albin, Iowa, in 1886, and is a son of Carl Arndt, a native of Prussia. He was born November 30, 1855, and his parents, Carl and Pauline Arndt, were both Germans. His mother was born in 1833 and the father's natal year was 1832. As a young man he sought the opportunities of the new world and here passed away. In the family were seven children, of whom Carl Arndt (II) is the third in order of birth. He was thirteen years old when his parents came to the United States and he remained with them until he reached his majority. He worked for some time in the lumber camps of Minnesota and then went to western Iowa. He returned home at the end of a year and aided his father in the conduct of the farm. Twelve months later he went to Lansing, Iowa, and for six months was employed in a brewery. He was engaged in fishing on the Mississippi river for a year and owing to the dishonesty of his partner lost the sum of fifteen hundred dollars. Moving to New Albin, Iowa, he opened a liquor store, which he closed at the end of two years, when the prohibition law was enacted, and in 1888 came to the Pacific northwest. He obtained work in a sawmill in Seattle and when he had earned sufficient money sent for the members of his family, who were then in Iowa. On their arrival he settled upon the homestead which he had previously taken up as a squatter's claim. For the first year all of his supplies were brought over the trail from Snohomish to Sultan and packed thence on his back, the trip occupying an entire day. In 1889 a store and post office were opened. His land was heavily timbered and in order to support his family he was obliged to work in the woods and mines for several years. His farm comprised one hundred and sixty acres, of which twenty-five were brought under the plow, and the orchard covered one and a half acres. Fifty acres were devoted to pasture for his dairy cattle and he also engaged in stock raising. Leaving his family on the ranch, situated a mile from town, he embarked in the liquor business in Startup and after the building was destroyed by fire opened another store, known as the Wallace, of which he was the proprietor for some time. He has witnessed the progress of civilization in this region and is now living on Badger Mountain, in the Wenatchee valley of Washington. Mr. Arndt was married June 2, 1880, to Miss Paulina Raughter, who was born May 6, 1859, in Brownsville, Minnesota, and passed away in 1924. Her parents, Jacob and Minnie (Hankey) Raughter, were natives of Germany and her father died when she was but a year old. To Mr. and Mrs. Arndt were born twelve children, all of whom survive except Mrs. Hazel Riemland, who was called to her final rest in 1924, leaving a family of three children. The others are : Mrs. Bertha Giddings, who lives in Startup and has an adopted child; William, who is the father of six children and makes his home in the vicinity of Badger Mountain ; Carl, who is a bachelor and lives with Alfred, who is the next in order of birth; Mrs. Minnie Lane, who has one child and makes her home in Portland, Oregon; Arthur, who resides in the Wenatchee valley and has four children; Mrs. Dora Studemann, who is the mother of one 654 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY child and lives in Seattle ; Mrs. Rose Walcott, of Oregon ; Bert, who is unmarried and resides in Klamath Falls, Oregon ; Mrs. Laura Schroeder, of Goldbar, Washington; and Miss Pauline Arndt, of Portland, Oregon. Seven of the children are natives of Startup and the first five were born in Iowa. Mr. Arndt was one of the early members of the local association of dairymen and in addition to his ranch developed a large amount of mining property. His first home was destroyed by fire and he and his family lost most of their possessions. During the financial depression of 1893 he worked for twenty-five cents a day to purchase a sack of flour. At one time the family subsisted for six weeks on a diet of potatoes and salt and even the latter article was procured on credit. His wife was one of the first white women to settle in this part of the state and with the courageous spirit and optimistic nature of true pioneers Mr. and Mrs. Arndt cheerfully endured many hardships, never losing faith in the future. Mr. Arndt was a member of the Startup school board for several years and aided in erecting the first school house in the town. This primitive structure was made of cedar shakes and has been replaced by a substantial four-room building, thoroughly modern in its appointments. Mr. Arndt is connected with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, which he joined at Everett, and is a Lutheran in religious faith. He is an adherent of the democratic party and has always manifested an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good, measuring up to high standards in every relation of life. Alfred R. Arndt was but three years old when the family migrated to northwestern Washington and his education was acquired in the public schools of Startup. For two decades he aided his father in the operation of the homestead and also worked in the lumber camps during a portion of the time, being thus engaged for fourteen years. In 1918 he purchased his present place, which comprises twenty-six acres and is a portion of the old Krebs ranch. He has removed the stumps from the tract, clearing much of the property, and the soil is rich and productive, owing to the care and labor which he bestows upon it. He has a few chickens and cows and calls his place the Lilac Trail Farm. Mr. Arndt raises potatoes, cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, squash, corn, lettuce and other vegetables and is engaged in truck gardening on a large scale. He is the owner of a model farm and has demonstrated the effectiveness of science and system in promoting productiveness. He is an indefatigable worker and finds a ready market for his vegetables, which he peddles in the town. In 1907 Mr. Arndt was united in marriage to Miss Anna R. Krebs, who was born in Madison, South Dakota, and about 1904 came to Snohomish county with her parents, Ludwig and Martha (Boese) Krebs. Her father spent the remainder of his life in this section of the state, passing away in 1918. He is survived by the mother, who was born in Germany and now makes her home in California. Mr. and Mrs. Arndt have a family of seven children, all of whom were born in Startup, namely : Vernon R., Bertha L., Eleanor H., Milford Edward, Atholena M., Herbert C. and Russell W. Mr. Arndt is a member of Snohomish Aerie, No. 195, of the Fraternal Order of Eagles and his connection with this organization covers a period of nineteen years. Practically a lifelong resident of this district, he has observed with deep interest the various stages in its development, to which he has contributed his full share, and his record is a highly creditable one. WILLIAM H. TIERNEY William H. Tierney is one of the able and energetic business men of Everett, where he has been identified with important interests for a number of years. In the course of an honorable career he has met with a gratifying measure of success and has gained the confidence and respect of all with whom he has been associated. Born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1879, he is a son of Michael and Rose (Davitt) Tierney, both of whom were natives of Ireland, the mother being a relative of the great Irish patriot-statesman, Michael Davitt. The father's parents died when he was three years old, from which time he was under the care and protection of friends, though at a tender age he began to look out for himself. He was brought to the United States by these friends, who settled in southern Wisconsin. The mother was brought to this country when three years of age by her parents, who located in southern Michigan. The father learned the cabinetmaker's trade, which he followed for a number of years, but later moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he entered the police department, with which he was identified for thirty-eight years, his death occurring in that city in 1922. His wife passed away in Chicago in 1888. Of the five children born to them, William H. Tierney is the fourth in order of birth. He remained in Chicago until eleven years of age, when he went to Whitewater,. Wisconsin, where he graduated from high school. He then entered Notre Dame University, where he studied HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 655 for eight years, specializing in English and mathematics. Going to Washington, D. C., he took two years of post-graduate work, during which period he was so fortunate as to have among his instructors Maurice Francis Eagan and Brander Matthews. During these years of college work Mr. Tierney was paying his own way by teaching school, and after completing his studies he taught school one year in Oregon and one year in Texas. He next became traveling representative in the western states for a South Bend, Indiana, woolen firm, with which concern he remained three years. In 1906 he came to Everett and for about two years was engaged in contracting and building, after which he bought one hundred and thirty acres of farm land at Silvana, about sixty acres of which was cleared, and there engaged in dairy farming. He started with forty cows, but at the time he quit farming was keeping but twenty head, all of which were high grade Guernseys. Eventually he sold all of his stock and buildings and one-half the land, still owning the remainder, which he leases. In 1920 he again came to Everett and bought an interest in the Everett Fruit Products Company, of which he became what would ordinarily be called assistant general manager. Recently, however, he severed his connection with that concern and is now engaged in looking after his other business interests. In 1907 Mr. Tierney was united in marriage to Miss Marion Hazard, who is a native of Texas, and a daughter of Edgar and Martha Hazard, who were natives of Wisconsin. Mrs. Tierney spent her girlhood in southern Wisconsin and is a graduate of the high school at Whitewater, that state, where she first met Mr. Tierney, and of the Whitewater Normal School, class of '98. She came to Everett in 1901 and taught in the public schools of this city for six years, having previously taught four years in Wisconsin. To Mr. and Mrs. Tierney has been born a son, William Davitt Tierney, who is a graduate of the Everett high school, where he is now taking a post-graduate course. Politically Mr. and Mrs. Tierney give their support to the republican party and he is a member of the Kiwanis Club and the Knights of Columbus. Mrs. Tierney is a member of the Live and Learn Club, the Minute Women, the Congregational Women's Club and the executive council of Women's Clubs. They are both cordial and friendly in manner and are very popular members of the circles in which they move. LARS G. HANSON This worthy old pioneer is one of the links in the chain connecting the present age with the early period of the county's development and has been a witness of the county's transformation from the virgin forest to its present prosperous condition. Homes and villages have sprung up on every hand since he first saw this part of the northwest ; forests have disappeared before the ax of the woodman ; farms, with fertile, well tilled fields, fine orchards, comfortable homes and all the adjuncts of civilization, have taken the place of the tangled wilderness. Mr. Hanson is a native of Sweden, born on the 23d of August, 1855, and is a son of Jens and Anna Hanson, both of whom died in that land. The father owned a good farm, but was a teacher by profession, having taught school for thirty-five years. To him and his wife were born seven children : Banta, deceased ; Johannes ; Sarah, Carolina and Hans, all deceased; Lars and Anna. Lars G. Hanson attended the school taught by his father and received a good education. He then gave his attention to his father's farm until 1881, when he came to the United States, settling at Osage City, Kansas, where he was employed in coal mines for ten years. In 1891 he came to Cedarhome, Washington, near which place he bought twenty acres of land, all of which was covered with timber, logs and brush. After building a small house, he entered upon the herculean task of preparing the land for cultivation, and succeeded in clearing the greater part of it. He lived here until 1919, when he sold the place and bought three-quarters of an acre just outside the town limits of East Stanwood, on which he built a modern and attractive house, where he is now living, being practically retired from active business affairs and able to enjoy the fruits of his former toil. He keeps about one hundred and fifty laying hens, has a nice berry patch and cultivates a fine garden, so that he has enough work to keep him busy. On March 16, 1885, Mr. Hanson was married to Miss Christina Bostron, who is a native of Sweden and a daughter of John and Kaysa Johnson, both of whom died in that land. Mrs. Hanson came to the United States in 1883. To her parents were born seven children, of which number two are living, Mrs. Brita Larson and Mrs. Hanson. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson have had four children: Oscar Ignatius, born in Kansas, December 17, 1885, who died in 1906; William G., born in Kansas, May 5, 1887, and now conducting a general merchandise store at Cedar-home, is married and has a son, William Raymond; Mrs. Anna Christina Stubb, born in Kansas, October 26, 1890, is the mother of two children, Marjory A. and Otto Loren; Mrs. Ellen Maria Rambergat was born at Cedarhome, August 16, 1893. 656 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Mr. Hanson has always been deeply interested in matters pertaining to the welfare and progress of the locality in which he lives and for two years rendered effective service as assessor of Cedarhome district and seven or eight years as road foreman. As evidence of his progressive tendencies and his initiative ability it is worthy of note that he was the first man to place gravel on the roads of Snohomish county. The idea was at first ridiculed by the people generally, but Mr. Hanson had the satisfaction eventually of seeing his judgment fully vindicated, for gravel proved to be the ideal material for a country roadway. At one time he walked through the woods and over the logs and brush from Cedarhome to the county seat at Snohomish, a distance of thirty miles to try and persuade the county commissioners to donate a little money for the improvement of the road between the high land and the railroad, which at that time was almost impassable. Thus it is seen that Mr. Hanson was active and effectual in his labors for the early development and improvement of the locality and it is to such men as he that the county is today indebted for its present advanced condition. WILLIAM L. MORTLAND William L. Mortland is one of the old and highly honored citizens of Everett who though now in the evening of life is remarkably well preserved for a man of his years and is still taking an active part in affairs. In a very definite way he has contributed to the development of this locality, has shown fine business judgment in his operations and is now so situated as to be able to take life easy. Mr. Mortland was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, on the 18th day of September, 1851, and is a son of John and Mary (Archer) Mortland. In the late '50s the family moved to Illinois, where the father engaged in farming, but eventually settled in southern Indiana. The mother died in Carroll county, Ohio ; the father died in Indiana. William L. Mortland secured his education in the public schools of Illinois and Indiana, and in the latter state engaged in farming, first operating rented land but later buying a farm. After farming for a number of years he turned his attention to commercial pursuits, engaging in the hardware and implement business in Lyons, Indiana, where he remained until April 4, 1901, when he came to Everett, Washington, and bought two hundred acres of land at what is now called East Everett. He was engaged in the hardware business in Everett for three years, and then subdivided the major portion of his land into five-acre tracts, retaining fifteen acres for his home place. He now has twenty or more families living on these tracts, which are beautifully situated, commanding a splendid view. Mr. Mortland is a gentleman of kindly manner, genial and friendly in his social relations and his life record has been such as to win for him the unbounded respect and veneration of his fellowmen. On March 28, 1872, Mr. Mortland was married to Miss Mary S. McElroy, who was born and reared in Indiana, and to them have been born five children : Alice, who resides with her parents, is the wife of William Moore and has three children ; Elizabeth, who resides near the home place, is the wife of E. M. Pearson and has three children ; Anna Blanche is the wife of Elmer Grove, of Snohomish, and they have five children; S. A., who lives at Yakima, Washington, is married and has two children ; and Ellen is the wife of Harry Cook, who is supervisor of attendance at the Seattle public schools. There are also five great-grandchildren. Politically Mr. Mortland is a stanch supporter of the republican party and has always taken a deep interest in public affairs. He and his brother, James R. Mortland, who lives on adjoining land, are twins, probably the oldest pair of twins in the state of Washington, and it is an unusual coincidence that during the entire period of their long lives they have lived on adjoining farms. Neither one has ever voted the democratic ticket. JOSEPH DOBIAS A man of naturally sound judgment and shrewd perception, characteristic of the race of which he is a worthy representative, Joseph Dobias has so ordered his career as to be worthy of representation in a work of this character. He has risen through his strictly moral habits, his close attention to business and his desire to deal fairly with his fellowmen, and he stands high in the circles in which he moves. A native of Monrovia (Czecho-Slovakia), he was horn in 1865, and is a son of Joseph and Josie (Bedner) Dobias, both of whom were natives of that country, where they followed farming pursuits. In 1884 they came to the United States, locating in Minnesota, where the father went to work for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. On January 1, 1889, he came to Snohomish county and homesteaded the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 657 present farm, which at that time was practically in a virgin condition. A logging road had been cut part way to the place and it was necessary to make a trail the rest of the way in order to get the timber off the place. For a year or more after the family came here it was necessary to pack in all of their provisions and other supplies. The tract, comprising one hundred and sixty acres, proved to be valuable land and in the course of time was developed into a good farm. In those early days the father and son donated a good deal of time and labor to the making of roads but it was time well spent, for it contributed immeasurably to the development of the locality. Between fifteen and twenty acres of the farm is now cleared, the remainder being in pasture. Here the father continued to live to the time of his death, which occurred in 1918. He is survived by his widow, who still lives here and was ninety-four years of age in August, 1926. They had four children : Joseph; Josie, wife of Charles Simon, who lives in this locality ; Mary, who is the widow of Christ Sutaro and lives in Mansfield, Ohio ; and Nettie, the widow of David Davis, who died at Monroe. Joseph Dobias received his educational training in the public schools of his native land and accompanied his parents on their emigration to this country. He too worked for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad in Minnesota, and also did other work, meeting with the misfortune of losing his right hand while engaged in the operation of a hay press. In 1889, after coming to Washington, he homesteaded a tract of land now known as the Knutsen place, on which he worked at odd times, being most of the time, however, in the employ of the Great Northern Railroad. While clearing his land, he cut a good deal of wood for brickyards. He remained on his claim until he had proved it up, and in the meantime had cleared part of it. He then disposed of the place and went onto his father's place, where he has remained to the present time. In the early days, in addition to raising a general line of crops, they kept a few cows, made some butter for sale, and raised some potatoes. Now they give considerable attention to cows, chickens and garden produce, selling much of their products to the mill camps in their locality. The land is fertile and productive and splendid field crops are raised under the careful management of Mr. Dobias. In every relation of life be has been loyal and true, doing his full duty under all circumstances, and because of his upright and consistent life has well merited the esteem and respect which is accorded him throughout the community. HENRY N. LANGSJOEN Henry N. Langsjoen, owner of a fine ranch near Silvana, was born April 27, 1889, on the homestead and represents an old and highly respected family of this locality. His parents, John and Johanna (Knutson) Langsjoen, were natives of Norway and his mother was a daughter of Knut and Molina Knutson. His father was a son of Nels and Caroline Langsjoen and when a young man of twenty-four years came to the United States in the hope of bettering, his fortunes, settling in Minnesota in 1877. For ten years he engaged in agricultural pursuits in that state and on the expiration of that period made his way to Stanwood, Washington. He purchased the preemption right to a quarter section of bottom land and in the development of the property used oxen, as there were no horses in this section of Snohomish county in those early days. As the years passed he brought his land to a high state of productivity and was one of the pioneer dairymen of northwestern Washington. He also raised stock and had about fifty head of cattle, likewise owning four horses. He was married in 1877, a short time before coming to the United States, and death summoned him on October 1, 1921, while his wife passed away January 10, 1918. They had a family of eight children, of whom Julius is deceased. The others are Nels, Carl, Mrs. Minnie Staswick, John Jr., Henry N., Cornelius and Mrs. Hannah Knutson. JAMES R. MORTLAND James R. Mortland is one of the venerable citizens of Snohomish county who by upright lives and consistent actions have earned the sincere esteem of all who know them. His well improved home ranch lies in East Everett, where he is devoting his time to the raising of fruit and the care of his fine flock of hens. Born in Jefferson county, Ohio, on the 18th day of September, 1851, he is a son of John and Mary (Archer) Mortland, who were farming people in that locality. During the later '50s the father took his family to Illinois, where he engaged in farming until late in life when he moved to southern Indiana, where he and his wife spent their remaining days. 658 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In the public schools of Illinois and Indiana James R. Mortland acquired his education and in the fall of 1900 came to Washington, remaining at Monroe about a year. In 1901 he bought ten acres of land in East Everett, adjoining the land of his twin brother, William L., a personal sketch of whom appears on another page of this work. Here he built a comfortable home and set out a good orchard and is now spending his last years in ease and comfort. His orchard and hens give him plenty of work with which to pass the time and are a source of nice income. On October 5, 1877, Mr. Mortland was married to Miss Rachael H. McElroy, who was born and reared in Indiana, and whose death occurred April 17, 1923. To their union were born the following children Harry W., the eldest, died, leaving a widow and two sons ; J. B., who is engaged in farming near his' father's place, is married and has two children; Addie is the wife of Roy Crook, of Seattle and they have three children; Emma F., who became the wife of William Yabsley, of Lowell, Washington, is the mother of three children ; Grace is at home. Mr. Mortland has always given his political support to the republican party and has shown a proper interest in public affairs. A man of temperate and upright habits and kindly manner, he enjoys the respect and good will of all who know him. FRANCIS H. GIARD East Stanwood is well represented by Francis H. Giard, its popular mayor, who has filled this office ever since the incorporation of the town and is also the owner of one of the fine fruit farms of this district. A son of Francis and Ellen (Mathison) Giard, he was born July 25, 1872, and is a native of Minnesota. In the fall of 1889 the family migrated to Stanwood, Washington, and the father purchased the Thomas Adams homestead, a tract of one hundred and sixty acres, now owned by Andrew Folden. He devoted the remainder of his life to the development of that ranch, on which he passed away in 1904, and his widow is now living in Kennewick, Washington. Francis H. Giard attended the public schools of North Dakota and was seventeen years of age when his parents came to the Pacific coast. He aided his father in the cultivation of the soil and remained on the home farm until 1904, in the meantime spending seven seasons in Alaska. He then bought ninety-five acres of land near the present site of East Stanwood but has sold a portion of the place, which now comprises thirty acres, and specializes in fruit growing, raising choice varieties of blackberries, loganberries and strawberries. He is an expert horticulturist and a strong believer in scientific methods. He has a fine home and his farm is equipped with many modern improvements. He is a charter member of the board of directors of the Bank of Stanwood, and the only living member of the first board. In 1901 Mr. Giard married Miss Anna Isaacson, who passed away in 1912. She had become the mother of two children : Russell, now of Seattle ; and Anna D., deceased. In 1915 Mr. Giard was joined in wedlock to Miss Sophia Husby, by whom lie has two children, Marcelle and Francis H., Jr. Mr. Giard is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is allied with the republican party and for three terms has been mayor of East Stanwood. He has demonstrated that he is the right man for the office and is always in the vanguard of every movement looking toward the accomplishment of real and practical good. He is a man of progressive views and his integrity is above question. JOHN B. LEE John B. Lee is widely known as one of the representative, enterprising and prosperous agriculturists of Snohomish county, owning one hundred and thirty-three acres of land in the vicinity of Norman, seventy-five acres of which are under cultivation. A native of Minnesota, he was born in Ottertail county, that state, on the 13th of March, 1869. His father, Berg 0. Lee, a native of Norway, came to the United States in early life and was a resident of Wisconsin at the outbreak of the Civil war. He answered his adopted country's call for volunteers, and enlisted in the Fifteenth Wisconsin Regiment. He and his wife, Olena (Kraushaus) Lee, also of Norwegian birth, are now living with the son whose name forms the caption for this article. The father is ninety-two years of age; the mother ten years younger. John B. Lee spent his boyhood on the farm in Minnesota, acquiring an education and also a practical knowledge of agriculture. In 1887 he came west to Tacoma, Washington, remaining MR. AND MRS. FRANCIS H. GIARD HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 661 four years, during which he was employed by the Northern Pacific Railroad Company as boiler-maker. Leaving there in the early '90s, when the hard times began to he felt in all lines of trade, he located in Norman, Washington, and leased a farm for a period of eight years. For about six months out of the year the roads were impassable, thus making the work very difficult and unsatisfactory. At the expiration of the lease in 1895 he went to Alaska and was quite successful, at one time purchasing the claims on Eldorado Creek owned by "Klondike" Anderson. He resided in that country until 1898, returning with sufficient means to buy the farm of one hundred and thirty-three acres on which he now lives. Twenty-five acres of this land had been cleared. The following year he made another trip to the gold fields of Alaska, remaining five years. He has since devoted his entire time to the operation of his property and now has seventy-five acres under cultivation, being successfully engaged in diversified farming and dairying. His principal crops are hay and grain and corn for silage. The silo has a capacity of one hundred tons. Mr. Lee has a very fine herd of high grade Holstein cows, numbering thirty-five head, also a few registered bulls and about thirty head of fine young heifers. He has erected a large addition to his barn, has also built silos and remodeled his residence in 1907. His high standing among dairymen is indicated in the fact that he was chosen president of the Dairymen's Association, of which he was one of the organizers. On the 1st of July, 1899, Mr. Lee was united in marriage to Lillian DeVoe, a native of Chicago, Illinois. Her parents, both deceased, were of French nativity. The father departed this life on the 16th of January, 1887, while the mother passed away on the 6th of May, 1881. Their family numbered three daughters and a son, namely : Mrs. C. 0. Sethness, living in Chicago, Illinois ; Mrs. Robert H. Leigh, who is deceased ; Alfred, who has also passed away ; and Mrs. Lillian Lee. The last named received a liberal education in Chicago, attended the Chicago School of Music for three years and taught china painting and music for some years. By her marriage she has become the mother of a daughter, Olive H., who was born at Everett, Washington, on the 1st of May, 1906, was graduated from the Everett high school and is now receiving training for nursing in the Everett General Hospital. Mr. Lee is a member of the Fraternal Brotherhood of America. Although never taking an active part in political matters, he is a loyal supporter of republicanism. A contemporary biographer said of him : "The energy, ambition and upright business principles that have won for him his present financial success, have also secured the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens." JOSEPH KRAETZ For nearly forty years, Joseph Kraetz has been identified with the development and progress of Snohomish county and has long been numbered among the progressive and enterprising farmers of his section. To establish a home amid conditions that existed here when he arrived, and to get the land into shape for cultivation, demanded invincible courage and fortitude, a strong heart and a well defined purpose. These elements characterized the subject of this sketch, who in the course of time conquered conditions and had the pleasure of seeing his work develop one of the choice farms of his locality. Mr. Kraetz was born in Bavaria, Germany, on the 5th of February, 1866, and is a son of Johan and Kreszens (Reindl) Kraetz, also natives of Bavaria. Both are now deceased, the father dying in 1873 and the mother in 1879. The father was a baker and it is worthy of note that for over three hundred years the oldest son in the Kraetz family has been a baker and has taken over the business on the death of his father. The old homestead there has also been in the possession of the family for over three centuries. To Johan and Kreszens Kraetz were born four children, namely : Johan, who succeeded to the business and the homestead in the fatherland ; Kreszens, who died in 1898 ; Joseph; and Anton. Johan Kraetz has also been mayor of his town for the past sixteen years. Joseph Kraetz was educated in the public schools of Germany and at the age of thirteen years was apprenticed to learn the trade of a machinist, which he completed in the railroad shops, being employed there until 1887, when, feeling that the United States offered better opportunities for individual advancement, he came to this country. Locating in Owosso, Michigan, he obtained work in the furniture factory of the Estby Manufacturing Company, and later was employed in machine shops until the fall of 1889, when he came to Arlington, Washington. For about a year he worked in the logging camps and in 1890 bought forty acres of timber and brush land two miles east of Silvana. He first built a small log cabin and then started to clear the land. He slashed all the timber and lived there five years, when he sold the tract to his brother Anton. He then leased a farm in the Island for two years. In the spring of 1898 he bought eighty acres of land one mile west of Arlington, which was so thickly covered 662 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY with fallen timber that he could walk on logs all over the place, without once touching ground. This land was a part of the Martin Funk homestead, which was filed on in 1888. Mr. Kraetz, undismayed by the task before him, started to clear the land and now has it practically all cleared and cultivated. In 1902 he enlarged the house and built a new barn and in 1918 he erected a silo, besides which he has made many other substantial improvements which have added to the value and appearance of the farm. Another desirable feature is the fine orchard which he planted a number of years ago and which is now in full bearing. He keeps twenty head of high grade Holstein cows and a registered sire and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. He raises good crops of hay and grain, while peas and vetch are raised for the silos. On November 20, 1893, Mr. Kraetz was married to Miss Annie Dauss, a native of Ohio, and a daughter of Ferdinand and Louise (Schultz) Dauss, both of whom are natives of Germany. They came to the United States in 1865, settling in Ohio, where they lived until 1882, when they moved to Bay City, Michigan, where the father's death occurred in 1911. He was for nearly thirty years superintendent of the coal mines near Owosso. He is survived by his widow, who still lives there. To Mr. and Mrs. Kraetz have been born ten children: Mrs. Louise Wahlleithuer, who was born near Silvana, and now lives on her farm six miles east of Arlington, is the mother of three children, Gertrude, born June 26, 1915, Laurence, born July 11, 1917, and Jeanne Ruth, born October 2, 1922 ; Louis is married and has two children—Melvin, who was born December 25, 1922, and died May 14, 1924, and Calvin, born September 15, 1925 ; Ernest and Joseph, Jr., are at home ; Mrs. Sophie Blair is the mother of two children, Barbara, born April 10, 1921, and Earl, born September 2, 1924; Earl, familiarly known among his associates as "Sam" is in his senior year in the Arlington high school and purposes to take a university course ; Robert is now in grammar school ; and three children died in infancy. Joseph Kraetz possesses to a marked degree the elements that make for good citizenship and through all the years of his residence here has cooperated with his fellowmen in supporting those enterprises and movements which have been proposed for the advancement of the community. He is generous in his attitude towards all benevolent objects and because of his splendid record and his fine personality has long enjoyed the esteem of all who know him. HOWARD J. WEISER The best history of a community is the one that deals most with the lives and activities of its people, especially those who, by their own endeavor and indomitable energy, have forged to the front and placed themselves where they well deserve the title of progressive men. In the following lines will be found the record of one who has by his own unaided efforts achieved a career surpassed by few of his contemporaries, a record of marked success in material affairs and a name which is a credit to his community. Howard J. Weiser is a native of Barnes county, North Dakota, born on the 7th of March, 1880, and is a son of William Frank and Katherine (Love) Weiser. In 1890 the family came to Washington, locating in Spokane, where the father engaged in contracting. Both parents are now deceased. Howard J. Weiser is indebted to the public schools for his educational training and on leaving school he went to work in a restaurant in Spokane. During the years 1902 and 1903 he was in Nome, Alaska, where he conducted a restaurant, but in the spring of 1904 he came to Everett and went to work in the Davenport cafe. On July 3, 1907, Mr. Weiser opened a restaurant at 2819 Wetmore avenue, but three months later he moved to his present location at 1617 Hewitt avenue. Here he is splendidly situated, his main room being twenty by one hundred and thirty feet in size, with an annex, thirty by ninety feet, and one hundred and sixty people can be seated comfortably. The cafe is furnished with excellent taste, the comfort of the patrons being considered first always, while the service rendered is the very best. The best of food, cooked by expert chefs, with all the delicacies of the season, is on the menu, and absolute cleanliness in every department is insisted upon. Mr. Weiser's persistent and determined effort to make this a model cafe has been abundantly rewarded by' the splendid patronage which it enjoys among the representative people of the city, and he has gained an enviable reputation as a successful restaurateur. In 1919, in order to insure the best of food, in both quality and freshness, Mr. Weiser bought a fine ranch of eighty-seven acres, four miles north of Everett, from which he secures milk, cream, vegetables, eggs and chickens for his tables. In the course of the development of this ranch, he has also achieved another satisfying result, namely, the development of a magnificent herd of Guernsey cattle. He owns thirty-five head of Guernseys, nineteen of which are registered, and the herd now stands on the federal accredited list. With these HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 663 splendid animals Mr. Weiser won the grand champion prize at the Portland International Livestock Show in 1924, won all local prizes in Snohomish county in that same year, and in 1925 he won the grand prize at the Royal Stock Show at Victoria, British Columbia. He is well deserving of these honors, for he has given close attention to every phase of his business, doing thoroughly and well whatever he has undertaken and gaining marked prestige because of the remarkable success which he has attained. In 1923 Mr. Weiser married Miss Mable Farrell, of Everett. Fraternally Mr. Weiser is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Improved Order of Red Men, while lie also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club, the Snohomish County Guernsey Club, of which he was president in 1925, and the American Guernsey Cattle Club. He is universally regarded as a good business man, an excellent manager, of sound judgment and keen foresight, and he enjoys the esteem of all who know him. FRED J. JENNER Among the progressive and enterprising farmers of Snohomish county none takes precedence over Fred J. Jenner, who has won a more than statewide reputation as a breeder of pure bred Guernsey cattle and collie dogs, and who holds a high place in his community as a public-spirited citizen. He was born in Ontario, Canada, on the 22d of March, 1870, and is a son of James and Fannie (Leach) Jenner, both of whom were natives of Gloucestershire, England. The father went to Canada in 1848, locating in Ontario, of which locality he became a pioneer farmer. Eventually he removed to British Columbia, where his death occurred in 1922, at a ripe old age. His widow is still living in Canada. Of their seven children, Fred J. Jenner is the eldest. He was educated in the public schools of Canada, having the advantage of a high school training. He learned the trade of a marine engineer, which calling he followed on the Great Lakes for about a year. In 1898, lured by the gold discoveries in Alaska, he went up the McKenzie river from Calgary all the way to Dawson City, making the four thousand mile water trip by Canadian bateau. He followed mining in Alaska about five years, coming south in 1903, and then locating at Everett, Washington. Soon afterward he built a small shingle mill on Lake Riley, about ten miles east of Arlington, being associated with three other men in the enterprise. About a year later he sold his interest in the mill and during the following three years worked at the trade of millwright and saw filer. In 1906 he embarked in the logging business on his own account, following that occupation for nine years, and then, in 1916, he located on one hundred and sixty acres of land where he now lives, near Oso, and which he had bought and logged off some years before. He began clearing the land, first building a nice house and barn, and in the course of time developed a good farm, having about forty acres under the plow. The land is well located, commanding a fine view of the surrounding country, and the fertile soil produces big crops of hay. In 1917 Mr. Jenner went to Wisconsin and bought a carload of pure bred Guernsey cattle, which he shipped to his Arlington farm, and here he has since been engaged in the breeding of pure bred stock, in which he has met with pronounced success, finding a ready market for all the stock he can raise, and he is now making this his chief business. He has one cow which holds the record for matured cows in Snohomish county, and is the fourth highest in the state of Washington, having given seven hundred and nineteen pounds of butter fat in three hundred and sixty-five days (1925). She was born and bred by Mr. Jenner and bids fair to excel this record in the present year. He has sold his stock over a wide radius of country and in 1925 he sent a heifer to Honolulu. He has also been very successful in the breeding and raising of White Collie dogs for market and has some splendid animals. In 1923 he built a fine new barn, while all the buildings and other improvements on the place are first class in every respect. He has about sixty swarms of bees, which in themselves provide a nice income each year. On July 5, 1903, Mr. Jenner was united in marriage to Miss Frances J. Jennings, who is a native of Kansas and a daughter of J. and Sarah (Heusted) Jennings. Her father, who was born in New York state, died about 1911, and her mother, who was born in Michigan, is now living at Marysville, Washington. They were the parents of the following children: Arthur, Mrs. Ruth Strite, deceased, Wilbur, Mrs. Frances J. Jenner, Mrs. Letitia Nitzsche, Mrs. Dorothy Foster, Helmer and Walter. Mr. and Mrs. Jenner have four children, namely : Evalene, who was graduated from the Arlington high school and is now attending the University of Washington, at Seattle; Melvin, who was also graduated from the Arlington high school and is at the university ; and Leslie and Iris, who are attending the grammar school at Oso. 664 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Politically Mr. Jenner is aligned with the progressive branch of the republican party, and he takes an active interest in public affairs, being a close reader and a deep thinker. He gives his earnest support to all movements for the betterment of the community, being especially strong in his advocacy of improved roads and the best of local educational facilities. His present prosperity has been gained by his own unaided efforts, and he well deserves the respect which is accorded him by all who know him. JAMES ELIJAH BELL One of the most conspicuous figures in the recent history of Snohomish county, Washington, was the late James Elijah Bell, who passed from the scene of his life's activities on June 12, 1919. He was for many years actively and closely identified with the business interests, in varied lines, of this locality and was widely known as one of the representative men of the state. Equally noted as a citizen whose useful career conferred credit upon the community and whose marked abilities and sterling qualities won for him much more than local repute, he held distinctive precedence as one of the most progressive and successful men that here ever inaugurated and carried to successful consummation large and important undertakings. Strong mental endowment, invincible courage and a determined will, coupled with an honesty of purpose that hesitated at no obstacle, so entered into his composition as to render him a dominant factor in the business world and a leader of men in important enterprises. He was essentially a man of affairs, sound of judgment and farseeing in what he undertook, and he won and retained the esteem and confidence of all classes. Mr. Bell was born in Wataga, Illinois, September 8, 1853, and was a son of John and Mary (Boswick) Bell. The father, who was a native of England, came to the United States in boyhood and settled in Ohio. In that state James E. Bell spent the days of his early youth, later accompanying his parents on their removal to Muskegon, Michigan, and he attended the public schools to the age of thirteen years. At that tender age he started out to make his own way in the world, his first employment being as a farm hand. He then went into the timber and followed wood-cutting and logging until seventeen years of age. For a time he was connected with the lumber industry at Covert, Michigan, and became foreman of the yard of the Packard Mill & Company. He also worked in a mill at Muskegon, in which at the age of nineteen years he was made foreman. After running that mill for a number of years he took up a timber claim and, getting a number of ox teams, he logged off the timber from the claim. He continued to live on that claim a number of years and then went to Detroit, where he became manager of a stock farm for a Mr. Sargent, who was an importer of blooded draft and trotting horses, specializing in Percherons. Mr. Bell remained there until 1887, when he removed to Tacoma, Washington, establishing a mill in North Tacoma. After running that about three years, he came to Everett and became manager of the old Henry Hewitt mill at the Fourteenth street dock. In 1896 he left that mill and built the present Weyerhaeuser mill in partnership with William Butler, F. H. Brownell and William Bennison, the plant being familiarly known as the Four Bs mill. After about four years Mr. Bell bought the interests of his three partners and admitted to a partnership John G. Nelson, of Stillwater, Minnesota, the Bell-Nelson Lumber Company being formed. They also conducted a shipyard in connection with the mill, but about 1902 they sold the mill to Mr. Weyerhaeuser. Mr. Bell then became president -)f the Lumber-men's Association, in which capacity he traveled through the Orient in the interest of the association, looking up timber, making favorable business connections and arranging shipping facilities. On his return to this country he was sent to the St. Louis exposition with Elmer Johnson, to oversee the exhibits from Washington and superintend the construction of the Washington state building. In 1903 he was sent to Los Angeles by the Pacific Coast Steamship Company as their representative in the lumberyards of that locality, with the idea of investing. On this proposition he made a negative report. He was next sent to Alaska by another firm to look into the timber interests there. In 1905 Mr. Bell bought an interest in the Pilchuck Lumber Company, at Pilchuck, Snohomish county, which then became known as the Parker-Bell Lumber Company. In 1907 he sold his interest in this concern to Mr. Kay and moved back to Everett. In 1909 he had three mills at North Bend and vicinity and furnished all the lumber and timber used in the construction of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul tracks out of Seattle. After running this business for two years, he sold out all his lumber interests and purchased a fifty acre fruit ranch near Spokane, and also bought four hundred acres of land for a stock ranch near Grand Dalles, Washington. His son operated the fruit ranch and he placed a manager over the stock ranch. He kept the latter property HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 665 only about two years and then he sold it. In 1909 he completed the Bell's Court apartment building in Everett, which Mrs. Bell has managed from the time of its completion to the present. About the same time, Mr. Bell, with A. Densmore, Dr. Mead, Charles Dickey, Mr. Angel and Ed Dwyer, organized the Model Stables Transfer & Storage Company, and later organized the Bell Auto & Freight Company, the latter operating between Everett and Seattle. He retained these interests until his death, and also owned an apartment house in Spokane. After his death Mrs. Bell took charge of the fruit ranch for one year and then sold it. She also sold the Bell interests in the transfer company but still retains stock in the Model Stables, as well as the Bell's Court apartments. This splendid building contains twenty-one apartments and is located at Twenty-fifth and Colby streets. On March 29, 1894, Mr. Bell was married to Miss Mary Langan, who was born in Minnesota. Her parents, Michael and Mary (Cummings) Langan, were natives of Ireland and came to this country as children with. their respective parents, both families settling near Rockport, Illinois, where her paternal grandfather engaged in farming, while Mr. Cummings ran a lime kiln. Eventually Michael Langan engaged in farming on his own account in Illinois, but later homesteaded land in Minnesota, where he remained until 1882, when he took up land in South Dakota, there remaining until his death. He was survived by his widow, who died in 1915, in Monroe, Washington. She had remained in South Dakota until 1887, when she moved to Minnesota, and in 1897 came to Snohomish county, making her home with her daughter, Mrs. Bell. Mrs. Bell secured her education in the public schools of Minnesota and remained at home until her marriage. By a previous marriage Mr. Bell was the father of a son, Morris N., who married Miss Ethel Paine, of Everett, and now lives in southern California, where he is engaged in the real estate business. To James E. and Mary Bell were born two children, namely : Eva Hale, who is a graduate of the Holy Name Normal School in Seattle and became the wife of Linden Reichmann, of Everett, by whom she has one child, James Bell Reichmann ; and Jeannetta Elizabeth, who also is a graduate of the Holy Name Normal School of Spokane. Mr. Bell always took a deep interest in public affairs of his city and earnestly cooperated in all movements for the betterment of the locality. He was one of the organizers of Everett Lodge, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks ; was its first exalted ruler and was affectionately known as. the "daddy" of the lodge. He was at one time a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mrs. Bell is a member of the Ladies of the Maccabees. Politically Mr. Bell was a stanch supporter of the democratic party and during the administration of Governor Rogers he served as a member of the board of regents of the University of Washington. He served as mayor of Everett for one term about 1900. Personally he was a man of forceful individuality and a pleasing presence, that made a favorable impression on all with whom he came in contact. He was kindly and generous, giving liberally to all worthy benevolent and charitable causes. Socially he was friendly and companionable, enjoyed a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the country and had a host of warm and loyal friends. JOHN A. CAMPBELL Self-reliance, an energetic nature, intelligence and ambition were the youthful patrimony of John A. Campbell and with these assets he has made his own way in the world. He is now numbered among the prosperous ranchers and dairymen of the Fortson district and has also found time for public affairs, conscientiously discharging the duties and obligations of citizenship. Mr. Campbell was born June 19, 1862, on Prince Edward's island, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and is one of the seven sons of John and Catherine Campbell, who were of Scotch ancestry and natives of the same island. The subject of this sketch has a sister, Mary Jane, and his brothers are Alexander, Angus, Innocent, Marshall, Philip and Stephen. John A. Campbell received a limited education and remained with his parents until he reached his majority. In 1882 he went to the province of Manitoba and for two years worked for a railroad. On the expiration of that period he crossed the border into the United States and for two years was employed in lumber camps near Astoria, Oregon. He came to Washington in 1886, spending three years in Seattle, and in 1890 journeyed to Snohomish county. He took up his present homestead, which is situated one and a half miles east of Fortson, and brought his family to this district in 1892 but in the intervening period of two years was in Seattle much of the time. While clearing the land and developing his ranch he augmented his income by railroad and logging work and had charge of a crew of men when the Darrington spur 666 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY line was under construction, after which he was similarly employed in Montana. He made his home in Arlington, Washington, for two years. The log house of seven rooms which he erected on his farm is one of the picturesque and unique dwellings of this locality He has twenty acres under cultivation and his land produces abundant harvests, rewarding the care and labor bestowed upon it. He has a herd of milch cows and his dairy is modern and completely equipped. He has some horses and also raises a good grade of hogs. In 1888 Mr. Campbell was married in Seattle to Miss Elizabeth O'Connor, the only child of Patrick and Anna (McGuire) O'Connor, lifelong residents of Ireland. Mrs. Campbell was born March 17, 1866, and when a young girl of seventeen made the voyage to Canada. She lived with an uncle for a number of years and made the trip to Seattle shortly before her marriage. She has become the mother of five children. Mrs. Katherine Ritchie, the eldest, is living in British Columbia and has a son, Marshall, born July 11, 1922. Mrs. Anna M. Terrell is a resident of Everett, Washington. Mrs. Lillian Ball has a son, Gaylord, who was born May 30, 1918. John F., the next of the family, is living on the home ranch and assists his father in its operation. He is married and has two children : Jack, who was born January 17, 1921 ; and Jean, born April 8, 1922. Mrs. Margaret Swanson, the youngest daughter, has two children: Margaret Jean, who was horn February 24, 1920 ; and Maurice, born July 3, 1924. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell are faithful communicants of the Catholic church and along fraternal lines he is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and with Everett Council, No. 763, Knights of Columbus. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, and his political views are in harmony with the tenets of the democratic party. His contribution to the general welfare covers six years' service as road foreman and twenty years as school director of Fortson, while for about eight years he was deputy county assessor. Mr. Campbell is a progressive agriculturist and a useful citizen whose influence upon the life of his community has been of the highest order. HUGH McGOVERN There is nothing in the world so beautiful as the spectacle of a life that has reached its autumn with a harvest of good and useful deeds. The man who has lived a clean, active life and has brought into potential exercise his best energies not only for his own material advancement but in the interest also of the best things in the community life, deserves the respect and admiration of his fellowmen. To this class belongs Hugh McGovern, who stands in the front rank of the citizens of his section of Snohomish county, where for nearly a quarter of a century he has lived and labored to goodly ends. Mr. McGovern was born in Ontario, Canada, on the 28th of December, 1851, and is a son of John and Jane (Cassidy) McGovern, natives of Ireland, who were brought by their respective parents to America when about tell years of age. The father became a farmer, following that occupation in Canada until 1889, when he went to South Dakota, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1902. He was survived a number of years by his widow, who passed away in 1916. Hugh McGovern is the eldest in a family of nine children, eight of whom are living. He was educated in the public schools of Canada, after which he worked in logging camps and on river driving in Michigan, to which state he had gone in 1880. In 1888 he went to Walworth county, South Dakota, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, to the operation of which he devoted himself until 1902, when he sold his interests there and, coming to Arlington, Snohomish county, Washington, purchased ninety-three acres of land on the North fork of the Stillaguamish river. About one acre of the land was cleared, the remainder being covered with a heavy growth of cedar and spruce timber. He was compelled at the start to build a road to his land, and then began to clear it. He now has thirty-five acres cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in timber and pasture. In 1904 he built a splendid house and a good barn, and in 1918 erected a silo, besides which he has made many other improvements, so that he now has one of the best and most valuable farms in this locality. He has given his chief attention to dairy farming, having milked as many as twenty cows, but now keeps only nine. His principal field crops are hay and potatoes. On May 31, 1888, Mr. McGovern was united in marriage to Miss Maria Owens, who was born in Ontario, Canada, a daughter of Robert and Mary (Stagg) Owens, both of whom were natives of Ireland. Mrs. McGovern's father died in Canada when she was but a child, and her mother passed away in 1886. They had eleven children, of whom four are living: Michael, Maria, James and William. To Mr. and Mrs. McGovern have been born eight chil- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 667 dren, as follows : Robert, Hugh, Jr., John, Jennie and Frank, who were born in South Dakota and are unmarried, being at home; William, who died September 9, 1922 ; Mary, who is engaged in teaching school ; and Alice, who also is a school teacher. Alice and Mary were educated in the Holy Name School at Seattle. Robert is a veteran of the World war, having enlisted in the navy and was in the transport service, making three trips to France and serving until the close of the war. John enlisted in the army and also served until hostilities ceased, but was not sent overseas. Mr. McGovern is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Grange. He has been deeply interested in local educational affairs and gave effective service as a member of the Cicero school board. One of the valuable features of his farm is a splendid everflowing spring, which supplies by gravity an abundance of the finest water to the farm, the quantity of the flow being sufficient to irrigate the entire farm if necessary. A splendid orchard, comprising a nice variety of trees, supplies fruit for family use, and the daughters are justifiably proud of the splendid flower garden which they maintain. Mr. McGovern is a progressive and up-to-date farmer, doing thoroughly whatever he undertakes, and he has been notably successful in his material affairs. A man of broad views and well defined opinions, he has cooperated in all movements for the betterment of the community and well deserves the high place which he holds in popular esteem and confidence. THEOPHILUS B. PARKER Among the splendid farms on the north fork of the Stillaguamish river, in the vicinity of Oso, one of the best is that owned by Theophilus B. Parker, who has long been recognized as one of the most progressive and successful farmers in his section of the county. Many years of persistent and well directed industry have brought their reward and he is now practically retired, enjoying well earned leisure. Mr. Parker is a native of Cass county, Michigan, born on the 13th of September, 1860, and he is a son of Joseph and Mary (Hull) Parker, both of whom were natives of Logan county, Ohio. The paternal grandfather, Haines Parker, had gone to Ohio about 1800, settling near where the city of Zanesville now stands and of which locality he was one of the first settlers. He engaged in farming and lived there until 1837, when he and his family went to Michigan, locating in Cass county, where he acquired large holdings of hardwood timber land. He cleared up a large tract, created a good farm and lived there until his death, in 1874, at the age of ninety-four years. Joseph Parker moved from Michigan to Iowa in 1865, bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in Harrison county, and lived there until his death on February 18, 1875. His wife died in 1880. They were the parents of three children, namely : Cyrus, born in 1853, who is now deceased ; Isaac, born in 1857, who now lives in Michigan and Theophilus B. The last named attended the public schools at Logan, Iowa, and then took a business course at Oskaloosa College, Iowa. He operated the home farm for his mother until 1879, when he went to Leadville, Colorado, where he worked in the silver mines about a year. He then prospected on his own account for a while in the western part of Colorado and in 1882 returned to Iowa and ran the home farm until 1886. In the following year he bought a half interest in a hardware and implement store at Logan, Iowa, and remained in that business until 1890, when he sold his interest and came to Tacoma, Washington. Soon afterward he went to Bellingham, Whatcom county, where he took an option on a hotel, but, hard times coming on, he let the option go. He then came to Silvana and bought ten acres of land near the town, which he cleared up and drained, it being old beaver marsh land, and there he lived about five years, when he sold it. In 1896 Mr. Parker bought one hundred and forty-five acres of land on the north fork of the Stillaguamish river, two miles west of Oso, and on which a small log cabin had been built and a few acres cleared. He at once moved his family to the land and began clearing off the heavy timber which covered it. He has made splendid progress through the years and now has a well improved farm, including a fine set of farm buildings. In 1903 he built a good house, erected a large barn in 1905, and made other improvements which have made of it a very desirable property. Since 1922 Mr. Parker has leased the place and is making his home with his son Glen, being practically retired from active business affairs. In 1887 Mr. Parker was united in marriage to Miss Addie May Topping, who was born in Illinois, a daughter of Albert and Mary Topping, farming people, and both of whom are deceased. Mrs. Parker was accidentally drowned in the Stillaguamish river, October 22, 1896, leaving three children: Glen A., who was born in Iowa, October 20, 1889, was married to Miss 668 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Bertha Keister, and they are the parents of four children—Cleve, Glenna, Howard M. and, Thelma Myra. Claud and Clare, twins, were born at Silvana, June 2, 1892. Claud is married and has a daughter, Dorothy ; while Clare, who is married, has four children—Addie May, Clarice, Emma and Wesley. Mr. Parker has taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs, served for many years as a member of the school board and several terms as road supervisor, and at all times has been counted as a supporter of all movements for the improvement and betterment of the community. WALTER C. FAIRBANKS One of the old pioneers who remains to tell the story of the early settlement of Snohomish county and of the far-flung forests that covered this part of the country is Walter C. Fairbanks, a man whom to know is to honor and accord the highest esteem. The history of Washington and that of his own career have been intertwined for more than ,forty-five years, for he came to this state in 1880, and during the subsequent period of development he has played no inconspicuous part. Mr. Fairbanks was born in Portage county, Wisconsin, on the 16th of July, 1857, and is a son of Cyrus and Eveline M. (Knight) Fairbanks, the former a native of New York state and the latter of Maine. The father was a farmer and blacksmith and went to California in the great gold stampede of 1849. He lived in that state four or five years, working at his trade, and then returned east, locating in Portage county, Wisconsin, where he took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres of land. On the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in the Union army and fought throughout that great struggle. He was born April 6, 1829, and died May 16, 1865, before he could arrive home from the war. His wife, who was born February 4, 1836, died April 5, 1878. Our subject's grandmother, Hannah McCoy, was born at Ware, Massachusetts, in 1800, and died June 6, 1887. To Cyrus and Eveline Fairbanks were born three children, namely : Sarah M., born in Wisconsin in 1855, and who died April 30, 1926 ; Walter C., the subject of this sketch ; and Wellington D., who was born August 23, 1861, and died May 27, 1898. Walter C. Fairbanks attended the public schools of Wisconsin until the age of fifteen years, when he went to work in the woods of that state, following that business until 1880, when he came to Portland, Oregon. From there he went to Seattle, and some time later came to Ebey slough, Snohomish county, and went to work in logging camps, a line of work that he followed for thirty years, part of the time on his own account. He acquired a considerable reputation as an expert ox team driver. He also drove logs on the river and in 1887 followed that line of work on the Yakima river in eastern Washington. In February, 1902, Mr. Fairbanks bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in section No. 18, on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river, about three miles east of Arlington, it being the old A. L. Giddings homestead, which was filed on May 8, 1884. No clearing had been done on this land, which was covered with stumps and brush, and he at once applied himself to the formidable task of getting the tract ready for cultivation. He now has between thirty and forty acres cleared and has made many good improvements on the place, including a fine house and commodious barn. He raises good crops of hay and keeps eight good milch cows. On February 22, 1892, Mr. Fairbanks was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Heagerty, who was born in Minnesota, February 22, 1864, and whose death occurred February 26, 1912. She was a daughter of Richard Heagerty, who is now deceased. Mr. Fairbanks is a man of splendid character and strong personality, has loyally performed the duties of citizenship and has contributed to the best of his ability to the development and prosperity of this locality. THEODORE SATRA Members of the Satra family have long been numbered among the leading farmers of Snohomish county and a worthy representative of the family is Theodore Satra, whose fine and well improved farm lies near East Stanwood, where he is conducting operations along up-to-date lines and realizing a well merited success. He was born at Portland, Traill county, North Dakota, on the 14th of April, 1888, and is a son of T. C. and Ingebor Satra, who were born and reared in Norway. In the early '70s they came to the United States, settling in the Red River valley, Traill county, North Dakota, where the father took up a homestead, and also bought and sold several other farms. He was fairly successful and remained in that local- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 669 ity until 1893, when he disposed of his land and came to Tacoma, Washington, where he bought a small berry farm. About six years later, in 1899, he removed to Port Susan and purchased two hundred and eighty acres of tidewater land in partnership with E. I. Evanson. He devoted himself to the cultivation of this land until 1923, when he sold it to his sons Theodore and Carl and returned to Tacoma, where he is now living retired. His wife passed away in 1892. They were the parents of nine children, Julia, Carl, Peter, Ida, Thea, Theodore, Melvin, Oliver and Ingvold, deceased. Theodore Satra received his education in the public schools of North Dakota, Tacoma and Florence, Washington, and at the age of fifteen years was confirmed in the Lutheran church. He remained on the home farm until about 1910, when he went to Stanwood and, in partnership with Andrew Larsen, engaged in the livery business. He remained in that line until 1913, when he returned to the home farm, on which he has since lived. In 1923 he bought a part of his father's land, now owning sixty-five acres of rich bottom land and sixty acres of upland. He gives considerable attention to dairying, keeping twenty-five head of milk cows and a pure bred bull. He is a good farmer and raises splendid crops of hay and oats, while the improvements on his place are all of a substantial and attractive character, so that his farm is now one of the most desirable ranches in this section of the county. On December 14, 1911, Mr. Satra was married to Miss Lola Larson, who was born at Florence, Washington, a daughter of Andrew and Bertha (Qualle) Larson, who are referred to more specifically on another page of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Satra have two children, Jean Maxine, born March 11, 1913, and Ruth Elinor, born April 24, 1915, both of whom are in school. By his untiring efforts and his up-to-date methods Mr. Satra has achieved a very satisfactory measure of success and is well entitled to a place among the progressive and enterprising citizens of his county. CALVIN HOLLINGSWORTH One of the substantial and progressive farmers of Snohomish county is Calvin Hollingsworth, whose well improved and productive farm lies thirteen miles east of Arlington. He is not only an enterprising and energetic farmer, but is a public-spirited citizen, taking a commendable interest in the welfare of the community. Mr. Hollingsworth was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, on the 20th of March, 1865, and is a son of Ira and Mary Jane (Jones) Hollingsworth, also natives of the Hoosier state. Going to Kansas the father preempted one hundred and sixty acres of land near Howard City, Elk county, and farmed there until 1889, when he sold out and came to Snohomish county, Washington. On arrival here he and two sons, Benjamin and Calvin, went up the north fork of the Stilla-guamish river and took up a homestead, where the father lived until about ten years prior to his death, which occurred at Oso, March 28, 1916. His wife had passed away August 28, 1905. They were the parents of nine children, namely : Mercy, deceased ; William Henry ; Calvin; Benjamin Franklin; Emma Viola ; Joseph B. ; George H., deceased; Sarah J. ; and James. Calvin Hollingsworth received his education in the public schools of Kansas and at the age of fourteen years he went to work on the range as a cowboy, riding all over the southwestern states. In 1890 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and located a homestead on the north fork of the Stillagaumish river, thirteen miles east of Oso. There were no roads to his land and he made the journey on foot and by canoe from Stanwood. He is the owner of one hundred and forty acres of excellent land, of which he has cleared about thirty acres, and he carries on general farming, his principal crops being hay and oats. He keeps a few cows and hogs. In 1924 Mr. Hollingsworth's home was destroyed by fire and in the following year he built a nice, modern house. All of the improvements on the place are of substantial character, and the general appearance of the farm indicates the owner to be a man of good judgment with a care for details. On March 9, 1891, Mr. Hollingsworth was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Agnes Han-negan, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Daniel and Margaret (Wyley) Hannagan, both of whom were born in the province of Quebec, Canada. Her father removed with his family to Kansas in 1871 and took up a homestead, where he lived until his death, which occurred July 23, 1876. He was survived for many years by his widow, who passed away in June, 1918. They were the parents of five children: Mrs. Mary Idella Nolder, deceased ; Lucy Agnes, William D., James A. and Thomas E. To Mr. and Mrs. Hollingsworth have been born four children, as follows : Gladys, who was born May 26, 1894, and died January 17, 1899 ; one who died in infancy, on November 12, 1895 ; Mrs. Vernie (Vail) Trimble, who was born on the homestead February 18, 1897, has been twice married, having by her first husband one child, Stanley 670 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY E. Vail, born December 19, 1915, and by her second husband a daughter, Betty Claire Trimble, born August 20, 1921; and Joseph Clifford, who was born March 23, 1899, and remains at home. Mr. Hollingsworth is a member of the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington. He has been active in local public affairs, having served as a member of the district school board and assisted in organizing the district. He also helped to build several of the best gravel roads in the county and has done a good deal of work for the county on the river, protecting the land from being washed away by high waters. In 1895 he and Joseph Smith took the contract to carry the mails from Arlington to Darrington, and, as there were no bridges, they were compelled to swim their horses across the river. They had this contract for two years. In 1907 Mr. Hollingsworth bought a store at Oso, which he ran for three years, and then returned to the ranch, where he has since remained. He is a man of sound business judgment, energetic methods and progressive ideas, and throughout the community he is held in the highest esteem. DOMINICK CAVELERO One of the owners of extensive farming interests in Snohomish county is Dominick Cavelero, who is now retired from active affairs and is living in Everett. His valuable property has been acquired through his own efforts, and he is easily the peer of any of his fellows in the qualities that constitute correct manhood and good citizenship. In his daily life he manifests a generous regard for his associates and as a large-hearted, whole-souled gentleman no man in this locality commands more fully the good will of the people. A native of Italy, he was born on the 8th of March, 1852, and is a son of Peter Cavelero, both of his parents being now deceased. He attended the public schools of his native land and remained there until 1883, when he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to San Francisco, California. From there he went to Montana and in 1884 came to Snohomish county. For a while he worked in the lumber woods and then established a shingle mill, in the operation of which he met with success. He then turned his attention to farming, buying land near Everett, and as he prospered he bought more land, in the operation of which he met with such success that in 1911 he moved to Everett, where he built a comfortable and attractive home, and is now living practically retired from active business affairs. Mr. Cavelero is the owner of two thousand, one hundred and fifty acres of good land, four hundred acres of which are in cultivation, the remainder being pasture and timber land. In all of his affairs he showed sound judgment and wise foresight and devoted himself closely to his own affairs, so that the success which came to him was well merited. In 1877 Mr. Cavelero was married to Miss Kate Nuchitti, who also is a native of Italy, and to them were born nine children, namely : John, who is engaged in farming near Snohomish ; Emma, Frank and Fred ; Charles, who enlisted during the World war and was killed while in action overseas ; and Edward, William, James and Lena. Politically Mr. Cavelero has always given his support to the republican party, and he is a member of the Ericks. He is a man of kindly manner, cordial and friendly in all his social relations, and because of his success, his fine public spirit and his friendliness he enjoys the sincere regard and good will of the entire community in which he lives. CHARLES SANDBERG Charles Sandberg, deceased, was on of the pioneers of Snohomish county, who created for himself a pleasant home and a valuable farm out of the forest of the upper Stillaguamish, long operating with marked success a dairy farm situated one mile north of Oso. He was in the fifty-second year of his age when called to his final rest on the 21st of January, 1909, his birth having occurred in Sweden in the summer of 1857. His parents were Erick and Caroline (Bostrom) Johnson, who lived and died in the old country, leaving five children besides Charles. The others were Carrie, Erick and August Sandberg, Mrs. Sophia Nordene and Mrs. Emma Sandstrom. There was also an adopted son, John Nelson. Charles Sandberg lived with his parents until the death of the father in 1871 and then, at the age of fourteen, began working for farmers in the vicinity of his home in northern Sweden. After three years at farm labor he engaged to work in lumberyards in his native country and remained in that occupation until he came to the United States in 1881. After his arrival in the new world, he first settled at Cadillac, Michigan, where he remained until he came to Snohomish county, whither a brother had preceded him to the Stillaguamish valley. The DOMINICK CAVELERO HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 673 brother was drowned in the river within a few weeks of the arrival of Charles, and the latter took charge of the brother's place. This he operated throughout the remainder of his life, with the exception of the year 1898, which he spent in Alaska, where he had also spent the year 1888. When Mr. Sandberg first came up the river there were no railroads in the country and few trails, and provisions had to be brought by canoe. That was in 1891. He was fortunate in having sufficient funds to support him until his farm could be put into condition to produce crops. Eighteen months after his death, which, as above noted, occurred in January, 1909, his widow erected an attractive home in Oso, where she has since resided, renting the ranch a short distance north of the town. The property comprises one hundred and sixty acres. In 1887, in Seattle, Mr. Sandberg married Miss Carrie Larson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Lars and Mary (Olson) Johnson. Mrs. Johnson never left her native land, but Mr. Johnson came to the United States in 1892, and he died in Oso six years later. Mrs. Sandberg, who was born December 5, 1865, came to the United States when twenty-one years of age and worked in Michigan until coming to Seattle a short time prior to her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Sandberg became the parents of two sons and four daughters, as follows : Nellie A., who lives near Oso and who by her first husband, Mr. Kamm, had two children, Fred and Edina Kamm, and by her second husband Mr. George, has a daughter, Gladys P. Mrs. Mabel L. Kamm, who resides at Toppenish, Washington; Carl A., who died in infancy Mrs. Esther M. Piper, living at Bremerton, this state ; Fred A., who was born October 23, 1900, and died March 17, 1918 ; and Lillian M., who was graduated from the Arlington high school and also pursued a course of study in a business college and who is now employed in an office at Wenatchee, Washington. All of the above named were born on the old homestead in the vicinity of Oso. In politics Mr. Sandberg was a republican and in church membership a Lutheran. He was well satisfied with the business opportunities of Snohomish county, where his thrift and industry placed him in an independent position. His death was a matter of deep and widespread regret, for he had gained the warm regard and friendship of all with whom he had been associated in the varied relations of life, by reason of his many admirable personal characteristics and his high principles of manhood and citizenship. MRS. JOSIE (KELLER) SMITH Mrs. Josie (Keller) Smith, whose fine and well improved farm lies on the north fork of the Stillaguamish river, is conducting the operation of her farm with marked ability and is well deserving of the success which is accompanying her efforts. She was born at Watertown, Wisconsin, and is a daughter. of Henry and Mary Keller, both of whom were natives of Germany. On coming to this country the father took up farming in Wisconsin, and followed that vocation during the remainder of his active life. To him and his wife were born five children, namely : Joseph, who lives in Portland, Oregon; Mrs. Anna Day, of Spokane, Washington ; Josie, Mrs. Smith ; Mrs. Gertrude Jeremiah, who lives in Seattle ; and Charles Henry, of Vancouver, Washington. Josie Keller was educated in the public schools of Wisconsin and lived at home until her marriage, in 1889, at Antigo, Wisconsin, to George A. Smith, who was a native of Madison, that state. He was a mill man, and in 1896 he came to Washington, locating at Hamilton, Skagit county, where he lived about a year, afterward spending about the same length of time at Snohomish. About 1905 Mrs. Smith bought eighty acres of land, a part of the old Seprell homestead, at Cooper Spur, on the north fork, a very small patch of which had been cleared. She and her children began clearing this land and now have twenty acres cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in woods and pasture. In 1924 Mrs. Smith bought twenty acres adjoining on the north, so that she now has one hundred acres of land in one body. She keeps eight good grade cows, raises fine crops of hay and oats and has been successful as a dairy farmer. She built a good barn in 1918, and in 1925 the house was remodeled and enlarged, so that the farm now presents a very attractive appearance. Mrs. Smith became the mother of four children. Mrs. Vernie Forsman, who was graduated from the Arlington high school and the State Normal School at Bellingham, taught in the public schools for eight years and is now teaching in a private school at Bremerton, Washington. She is the mother of two children: Charles W., born July 11, 1920 ; and Robert E., born November 19, 1921. Mrs. Suzette Robin took a course in a business college and is now a stenographer in Los Angeles, California. Charles Henry, who owns a farm near his 674 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY mother's place, is married and has a son, Michael, who was born in February, 1924. Mrs. Edna Gertrude Ellis, who lives in Portland, Oregon, has a daughter, Mary Lee, born in 1923. Mrs. Smith gave all of her children a good education, and she is of a progressive spirit, keeping her farm at the highest point of efficiency, while her social relations throughout the community are such as to gain for her unbounded confidence and esteem. H. C. RUTHRUFF Progress and improvement seem to have been the watchwords in the career of H. C. Ruth-ruff, a farmer of the North Fork district of Snohomish county, and he is still following that spirit in the operation of his farm. Success is crowning his efforts and he has attained a position among the leading farmers of his section of the county. Mr. Ruthruff was born in Johnson county, Kansas, on the 25th of December, 1866, and is a son of Chester and Eurena (Sprague) Ruthruff, both of whom were natives of Ohio. The father went to Kansas in an early day, being a pioneer of that state, and took a homestead in Elk county, where he farmed during practically the remainder of his life, also working at the carpenter's trade. He died in 1909 and is survived by his widow, who still lives in Kansas at the age of eighty years. They became the parents of eight children, namely : H. C., Mrs. Nellie Conover, Mrs. Belle Ferris, Mrs. Nettie Lambert, Claud, deceased, Mrs. Gertrude Waller, Mrs. Lula Husband and Clem. H. C. Ruthruff secured his education in the public schools of Kansas and then devoted himself to farm work until 1888, when he came to Stanwood, Washington. He followed the trail up the north fork of the Stillaguamish river to the ranch of an old Kansan friend, Henry Fraley, who had squatted on one hundred and sixty acres of land two and a half miles west of Oso. Soon afterward Mr. Ruthruff took a contract for clearing five acres of land near Cicero and on the completion of that job he went to Stanwood and worked at haying and in the operation of a threshing machine. His next employment was in the logging camp of Tveit & Johnson on the river. In 1901 he bought one hundred and two acres of land—the old Fraley homestead—near Oso and moved on to the place in the following January. A few acres of the land had been cleared, the only building being an old split-cedar house. To the improvement of his land Mr. Ruthruff devoted himself untiringly during those early years and the place is now practically all cleared and well improved. A fine new house was built in 1911, and in 1913 he erected a splendid barn, thirty-six by sixty feet in size, with an L thirty-two by fifty-four feet, while in 1917 he built a large silo. At one time Mr. Ruthruff milked thirty cattle but he has cut the number down to twelve and now gives considerable attention to the growing of berries, having planted four acres to strawberries and six acres to red raspberries, with the ultimate purpose in view of putting forty acres of the land into fruit. His land is well adapted to small fruit, in the raising of which he is meeting with very gratifying success. He raises good crops of hay and potatoes and is so managing the farm as to gain from it a very comfortable income. In 1889 Mr. Ruthruff also took up a timber claim near Hazel, which he later sold, and a part of the timber cut from that tract is now in the forestry building at the University of Washington in Seattle. On October 2, 1892, Mr. Ruthruff was married to Miss Mildred Richards, who was born in Somerset county, Maine, a daughter of Ephraim and Francena (Giles) Richards, also natives of that state, as were her grandparents. Mrs. Ruthruff's maternal great-great-grandfather, by the name of Russell, came from England in 1794 and was a direct descendant of an English nobleman, Lord Russell. Ephraim Richards made a trip to California in 1852, lured there by the gold discoveries of that period, but returned to Maine after a few years. Later he again went to California, by way of the Isthmus of Panama, and engaged in mining and logging for a few years, after which he returned to his eastern home. In 1874 he went to California by rail, remaining this time three years, engaged in logging. On his return to Maine he estab- lished a sawmill and also bought a farm. In 1886 we again find him in California for a six months' stay, at the end of which time he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, whence he went up the Stillaguamish river to Oso. One mile southwest of that place he took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres of virgin timber land, to which the only road was a mere trail. He built a split-cedar house and began clearing the land, in the course of time creating a good farm, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring May 13, 1920. His wife passed away February 13, 1912. They were the parents of four children: Willis E., deceased; Mrs. Maude McKinnon, who lives in Bellingham, Whatcom county, Wash- ington; Mrs. Mildred Ruthruff ; and Mrs. Effie Inman, who died September 23, 1916. To Mr. and Mrs. Ruthruff have been born nine children, namely : Earl, who is married and has a son, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 675 Earl, Jr., born March 13, 1920 ; Vern, who remains at home and is interested in the farm with his father ; Dwight, who is married and has a daughter, Lexie, born September 1, 1924 ; Harold, who was graduated from the Arlington high school and the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now teaching school at Bremerton, Washington; Neil, who was graduated from the Arlington high school and is now taking a course in the Wilson Business College in Seattle ; Vera, who is a senior in the Arlington high school ; Mildred, a junior in the same school ; Beryl, who died at the age of four years ; and Jesse, a junior in high school. M r. and Mars. Ruthruff are firm believers in good education and are determined that their children shall not be denied every possible educational facility. Earl Ruthruff is a veteran of the World war, having served two years in the spruce division of the forestry department, being head cook at Camp Lewis. Mr. Ruthruff's career has been characterized by persistent industry, the creation of a farm out of the wilderness in which he settled entailing a vast amount of the hardest sort of work, hut he has been amply repaid and is now in a position to enjoy the fruits of his labor. He is a man of broad views, stands for all that is best in community life, and among his fellow citizens he enjoys an enviable position because of his public-spirited interest in the welfare of the community and his genial and friendly manner. MARION G. CONOVER After passing through many vicissitudes, and some reverses, Marion G. Conover has for some years been successfully- engaged in farming, his well improved ranch lying about a mile south of Oso, where he is now very comfortably and pleasantly situated. He was born in Menard county, Illinois, on the 28th of February, 1862, and is a son of William and Louisa. (Pierce) Conover, the former of whom was a native of Kentucky and the latter of Tennessee, both being now deceased. William Conover moved to Elk county, Kansas, where he took up a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres of river bottoM land, which he cleared off, and there carried on farming operations for fourteen years. He then sold out and was engaged in mercantile pursuits in Elk Falls for one year, at the end of which time he turned his attention to cattle raising, taking up an eighty acre homestead. In 1895 he went to Joplin, Missouri, where he died in 1898, his wife passing away there in 1896. Thfy were the parents of six children, as follows : Mrs. Martha E. Brigham, of Eugene, Oregon ; W. C., of Beverly Park, Washington; Mrs. Mary C. Nichols, who lives in Oklahoma ; Marion G., the subject of this sketch ; and two who are deceased. Marion G. Conover received a good education in the public schools of Kansas, and his first employment was as a clerk in a railroad office, while he later clerked in a store for one and a half years. He was then engaged in the stock business with his father until 1888, when he came to Port Madison, near Seattle, Washington, where he was employed in sawmills for a while. In the fall of that year he came to Snohomish county, spending the ensuing winter near Oso, and in the spring of 1889 he went to La Conner, where he was variously employed, mainly at carpenter and farm work until 1891, when he went to the north fork of the Stilla-guamish river and homesteaded forty acres of land near Oso. This was heavily wooded, and on locating there he proceeded at once to clear the tract, first building a split-cedar house and barn. In 1904 he traded the place for a hotel at Oso, which he conducted until 1911, when the hotel was destroyed by fire, entailing on him a very heavy loss. During the following five years Mr. Conover was employed at carpenter work and logging, and then, in 1916, he bought twenty acres of land one mile south of Oso, a part of the old Thomas Bond homestead and containing the original split-cedar house. He remodeled the house and added to it, making of it a very comfortable dwelling, and then began clearing the land. He now has about ten acres cleared and is engaged in dairy farming, raising also good crops of hay and grain. A fine creek of spring water runs through his land and is so situated as to hold possibilities for a good, small power plant. On January 2, 1887, in Kansas, Mr. Conover was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Ruth-ruff, who was born in that state, a daughter of Chester and Eurena (Sprague) Ruthruff, both of whom were natives of Ohio. Chester Ruthruff went to Kansas in an early day, being a pioneer of that state, and took up a homestead in Elk county, where he farmed during practically the remainder of his life, also working at times at the carpenter's trade. He died in 1909 and is survived by his widow, who still lives in Kansas, at the age of eighty years. They became the parents of eight children, namely : H. C., who is represented elsewhere in this work ; Nellie, Mrs. Conover ; Mrs. Belle Ferris, Mrs. Nettie Lambert ; Claud, deceased; Mrs. Gertrude Waller ; Mrs. Lula Husband, and Clem. 676 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY To Mr. and Mrs. Conover have been born six children, as follows : Mrs. Rue Maxwell ; Mrs. Ina Doming, who is the mother of nine children—Norvan, Marian, Eva, Nellie, Harry, deceased, Billie, Floyd, Harvey and Ray ; Mrs. Leah Hosch, who has three children—Myrle, Genevieve and Josephine ; Mrs. Zoe Emerson, who has four children—James, Audrey, Frances and Eva Marie ; Mrs. Gail Hunter, who is the mother of two children, Leota and Dan; and Harvey, who remains at home and who is operating a garage at Oso. Mr. Conover has shown a commendable interest in the general welfare of the community and has served two terms as a member of the Oso school board. In early days he was a singing teacher at the schoolhouse in Oso, and in various ways he has shown a live interest in the well being of his fellowmen and the improvement of the community. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Oso. Genial and friendly in manner, he easily makes friends, and throughout this locality he is highly regarded by all who know him. EDWARD DAVIS ' Edward Davis, who bears the distinction of being one of the oldest settlers on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river in point of continuous residence, is a native of Wales, born on the 24th of January, 1860, and is a son of Thomas and Emily (Williams) Davis, both of whom were lifelong residents of that country, where the father was for many years employed in railroad work. They were the parents of three children, namely : Edward, the subject of this sketch ; and Mrs. Anna Stairs and Edwin, who live in Swansea, Wales. Edward Davis secured his education in the public schools of his native country, where he remained until 1881, when he emigrated to America, locating first in Quebec, Canada. After working on a ranch there about a year, he went to Minnesota and lived there a few months. In the fall of 1882 he went to Wisconsin, where he worked for a while in logging camps, and then went to South Dakota, where he was employed in various capacities. He next located in Aberdeen, where he clerked in a store for three years. In the spring of 1887, Mr. Davis came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and soon afterward started afoot up the Stillaguamish river in search of a location. He walked all the way to a point two miles east of Oso, where he squatted on one hundred and sixty acres of land, which had not been surveyed. He built a split-cedar ors and began at once to clear the tract. In the fall, in order to secure some ready cash for current expenses, he went to Skagit county and worked with a threshing crew. He now has between thirty and forty acres of his land cleared, the remainder being in woods and pasture, and has brought the place up to a high state of improvement, this including a fine, modern house and a large barn, built in 1925. He keeps seven good grade cows and raises abundant crops of hay, being successful in his operations and being now in very comfortable circumstances. He has taken a proper interest in community affairs and has served as a member of the school board at Oso. He is a man of splendid qualities and is deservedly popular throughout the range of his acquaintance. NEIL C. JAMISON Every successful business enterprise adds to the stability, material development and financial standing of the city in which it is operated, and through his activities in connection with the lumber industry Neil C. Jamison has aided in shaping the destiny of Everett, at the same time achieving that distinction which results from concentrated effort and superior ability. He was born June 6, 1886, in the city of Minneapolis, and represents one of the old and prominent families of Minnesota. He is a son of Robert and Adeline (Camp) Jamison, the latter a native of Vermont and of English descent. The father was born in Minnesota and qualified for the practice of law, becoming recognized as one of the foremost attorneys of Minneapolis. He was also selected for judicial honors and ably administered the affairs of the district court. To Mr. and Mrs. Jamison were born three children: Neil C.; Louise ; and Glee, the wife of L. M. Vilas, of Chicago. Mr. Jamison received his public school education in his native city and afterward attended the University of Minnesota, completing his studies in Amherst College of Massachusetts. He came to the Pacific coast in 1907, when a young man of twenty-one years, and located in Everett. He obtained a start by piling lumber, earning a dollar and seventy-five cents a day, and when he had accumulated sufficient capital bought the Lundgren-Swanson plant, a ten-block upright shingle mill, which was among the first established in Everett. He enlarged the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 677 plant, which was located at the foot of Fourteenth street, and formed the Jamison Shingle Company. This mill had a capacity of three hundred thousand shingles per day and Mr. Jamison was its owner until 1919, when he sold the business. He also established another plant in Everett and one in Anacortes, Washington, in addition to which he acquired extensive logging interests on Mackenzie sound, British Columbia, conducted under the name of the Nimmo Logging Company. In 1913 he organized the Jamison Mill Company, which now manufactures one million, two hundred and fifty thousand shingles per day. He is president of the firm and has brought the business to a position of world supremacy. In the control of this mammoth industry he displays the keen discernment, unerring judgment and executive power of the man of large affairs. One hundred and twenty-five men are employed in the plant, which is operated by steam power and splendidly equipped. The product of the mill is sold through the Jamison Lumber & Shingle Company and is in general use throughout the United States owing to its superiority. The Sauk River Lumber Company, of which Mr. Jamison is president and manager, is engaged in logging operations, daily shipping three hundred thousand feet of lumber to Everett. On Christmas day of 1909, Mr. Jamison was married to Miss Alice Fowler, a native of Superior, Wisconsin, and a daughter of H. T. Fowler, president of the Pacific Grocery Company and one of the leading merchants of Everett. The children of this union are Alice Louise and Glee. Mr. Jamison is a republican, adhering to the political faith of his father, and his conduct is shaped by the teachings of the Congregational church, of which he is a liberal supporter. He belongs to the Rainier Club of Seattle, the Everett Golf and Country Club, the Cascade and University Clubs, and along fraternal lines he is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His own struggle for supremacy has enabled him to understand the trials and difficulties of others who are striving to gain a foothold in the business world and he is always just, considerate and sympathetic in his attitude toward those in his employ. Although still a young man, Mr. Jamison is an undisputed leader in his chosen field of labor, and his notable record should serve as a source of encouragement to those who aspire to the highest level of accomplishment. L. C. FRY L. C. Fry, a sturdy agriculturist, has taken an active part in subduing the wilderness of Snohomish county and creating good farms and attractive homes. The splend:d prosper:ty which has crowned his efforts stands as testimony to the persistency of purpose and the sound judgment with which his labors have been prosecuted. Mr. Fry was born in Rock Island county, Illinois, on the 1st of February, 1855, and is the eldest of the nine children who blessed the union of Abner and and Sarah Jane (Gamble) Fry, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania. In an early day they moved to Illinois, of which state they were pioneers, and lived there until 1896, when they came to Washington. The father ran a small store in Arlington, where his death occurred in January, 1906. His wife had passed away in 1896. L. C. Fry secured his education in the public schools of his native state and remained on his father's farm, assisting in the work, until he was twenty-one years old. He then leased a farm in Illinois, which he operated until his marriage in 1880, soon after which event he went to Arkansas on account of his health, living there five years. In the spring of 1887 he came to Stanwood, Washington, and on April 21st he went up the north fork of the Stillaguamsh river, locating on one hundred and sixty acres of land near Oso. He then returned to Stanwood and brought his wife and two children by canoe to Arlington, from which place his wife walked over the poor trail and through the jungle of brush to their land. Mr. Fry built a good cabin of cottonwood logs and then turned his attention to clearing the land. He now has sixty acres cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in timber and pasture. He keeps twenty good grade Jersey cows, ten head of young stock and a registered bull, and also has two good horses for farm work. His fertile land yields fine crops of hay and grain. In 1925 Mr. Fry built a fine, modern house of ten rooms and full basement, one of the best homes along the river ; in 1919 he erected a large and up-to-date barn, and built silos in 1919 and 1920. On June 18, 1880, Mr. Fry was united in marriage to Miss Matilda Johnson, who was also born in Illinois, a daughter of Charles and Carrie Johnson, both of whom were natives of Sweden. They came to the United States in the middle '40s, it being a honeymoon trip, as they had been married shortly before that, and the sailing vessel on which they traveled was four months in making the voyage. Mr. Johnson followed farming all his life, and his death occurred in December, 1893, his wife passing away in 1906. Of the eight children born to them, 678 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY five are living, namely : Mrs. Christine Cronholm, Peter, Mrs. Emma Kear, Mrs. Fry and Joseph. To Mr. and Mrs. Fry also have been born eight children, as follows: Mrs. Viola Hollingsworth, who lives in Arlington and is the mother of four children, Mabel, deceased, Orvil, Lena and Vernice ; Mrs. Mabel Stevens, deceased, who was the mother of five children, Marie, Albert, Josephine, Wesley and Roy ; Mrs. Della Aldridge, who has four children, Eleanora, Vinson, Evelyn and Lila ; Mrs. Edith Countman, who has five children, Mabel, Clarence, Arnold, John and George ; Roy, who died in 1906 ; Lawrence, who is married ; Gladys, who remains at home ; and Herman, also at home. The two boys own a ranch across the river from their father at Oso. Mr. Fry is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington and Mount Wheeler Grange. He served eighteen continuous years as a member of the Oso school board and several years as road supervisor. He has a beautiful home, equipped with all modern conveniences, where he and his worthy helpmate are now enjoying the fruits of their former years of toil. They are kindly and hospitable in their social relations and throughout the circle of their acquaintances they are held in the highest esteem. WILLIAM H. BAUGUESS William H. Bauguess has had an exceedingly interesting career for he has been in almost every part of the west and has been identified with many happenings out of the ordinary. Today he is enjoying a much deserved leisure, after long and strenuous activity in various lines of effort. Born in Kansas, December 3, 1856, he is a son of B. and Elizabeth (Holliday) Bauguess, the former born in North Carolina and the latter in Pennsylvania. From his native state the father went to Indiana, and in 1856 moved to Kansas, where he lived for a number of years. He was a farmer by vocation and was a member of the Home Guard of that state during the Civil war. In 1905 he came to Snohomish county, locating at Sultan, where he spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1913. William H. Bauguess received his education in the public schools of Kansas and in 1878 went to New Mexico, working in the mines near Georgetown. He also ran a sawmill about three months and later had a livery stable. He then located a mine and worked it for a while. On February 23, 1881, the day following his marriage, he returned to Kansas, where he was engaged in farming for eight years. On April 15, 1889, he came to Sultan, Snohomish county, his wife being one of the first white women in the town. He worked at various jobs in this vicinity, after which, for about nine months, he packed goods by horse to the Galena mines at Index. He then bought a team of horses and hauled freight between Sultan and Snohomish, being the first man to drive a team on the road running north from Sultan. His wife's brother, William B. Stevens. laid out the townsite of Sultan and also laid out the cemetery, and, curiously enough, was the first person buried there. Another brother-in-law, F. A. Stevens, was the first man married in Sultan. Eventually Mr. Bauguess traded his team for the squatter's right to a homestead, the land not having been surveyed, and for two years after locating there had to pack in all of his provisions, as the road was not built through there for several years afterwards. During the early clays here he did a good deal of free road work throughout his locality, thus contributing to the development and improvement of the community. He cleared about thirty acres of his land and followed dairy farming principally, remaining on the place continuously until the World war, when his health broke down, when, also owing to the fact that his two sons also had gone into the service, he quit the active work of the farm and lived successively in Arlington, Oso and Edgecomb, trying to recover his health. In October, 1925, he came to his present home, which belongs to his son, V. A., where he is taking things leisurely, doing no work excepting such as is needed to keep the place in shape and the raising of stuff for the use of the family. On February 22, 1881, Mr. Bauguess was united in marriage to Miss Anna J. Stevens, who was born in Missouri, a daughter of A. C. and Susan Mary (Hammer) Stevens, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Pennsylvania. The family moved to Illinois when Mrs. Bauguess was but a baby, and in 1880 to New Mexico, where her marriage occurred the following year. To Mr. and Mrs. Bauguess have been born seven children: V. A. lives in Arlington. Ella, who was the wife of John Boyer, died in 1912, leaving two children. Sultana, who was the first white child born in Sultan after the town was platted, is the wife of F. H. Ryder, of Portland, Oregon. Mrs. Maude Cumbow lives on the home place and is the mother of three children. 'George W., of Beatrice, California, who is married and has one child, is a veteran of the World war, having served as a corporal in the Signal Corps of the Ninety-first Division. He was in the Argonne offensive and other engagements in France and Belgium, being overseas HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 679 about ten months. Ronald, who is married and lives on the homestead, enlisted for service in the World war when only eighteen years old and was overseas two years as a member of the Twentieth Regiment of Engineers. Hearing that his brother was over there, he borrowed a bicycle and rode one hundred miles to visit him. Versa, who attended the State Normal School at Bellingham, is now teaching at Arlington. Mr. Bauguess has always shown a commendable interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and upbuilding of his community and served about nine years as a member of the school board in district No. 43. He talks very entertainingly of his pioneer experiences and relates that in 1880 he rode horseback from Georgetown, New Mexico, to Las Vegas, a distance of four hundred miles, through a country infested by Indians who were on the war path. Then his future wife and her brothers and his brother came back over the same route in a covered wagon, requiring eleven days to make the four hundred miles. The Indians were still very hostile but the party came through in safety. Mr. Bauguess is a gentleman of kindly manner, hospitable and cordial in his social relations, and he has a host of warm and loyal friends who appreciate his worth as a man and citizen. ZENAS W. FARRINGTON One wide-awake and progressive farmer of Snohomish county is Zenas W. Farrington, whose splendid, well improved farm lies about one mile west of Arlington. He was born in Orleans county, Vermont, on the 31st of March, 1867, and is a son of Mark B. and Sarah Jane (Hackett) Farrington, both of whom were natives of Canada. The father followed farming and also worked at the carpenter's trade. Both parents are now deceased, the father dying October 13, 1879, and the mother in 1884. They were the parents of seven children: Mrs. Vina Burbank, who lives in Los Angeles, California ; Zenas W. ; Mrs. Nellie Bond, who also resides in Los Angeles ; Mrs. Emma Bryant, who lives in Vermont ; George E., a resident of Everett, Washington, and two who died in infancy. Zenas Farrington secured his education in the public schools of Vermont and was later variously employed, working on farms, in the woods and in sawmills, and also driving teams. In 1889 he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, and at once went up the Stilla-guamish river to a point two miles west of Arlington, where he worked in a logging camp for Lem Rowe, with whom he remained during two summers. He next worked on the Pilchuck for Oliver P. Cummings, and then, during the panic of the early '90s he was variously employed, work being scarce. In 1893 Mr. Farrington was in the employ of William Brown on the South fork and followed logging until 1899, when he went to Dawson City, Alaska, where he engaged in gold mining for seven years. He was successful and came out of there in 1906 with a good stake. On his return he first went to Seattle and later to Vermont for a visit of three months, during which time he was married. On again coming west he visited for a short time in Los Angeles, California, and in 1907 he came hack to Arlington, buying fifteen acres of land a mile west of town. The land was covered with stumps and brush, but he set to work clearing it, built a good house and barn, and in the course of time the land was cleared and in a good state of cultivation. Since he located here the river has deposited silt enough to add thirty acres to his farm, so that he now owns forty-five acres of rich river bottom land. Mr. Farrington operates a small dairy and his principal crops are fruit and berries. He has two acres planted to sour cherries, four acres in red raspberries, two acres in everbearing blackberries and two acres in strawberries, besides a good sized and well selected family orchard. He raises good crops of hay and has plenty of rich pasture. Mrs. Farrington has devoted her attention to the chicken business, owning many laying hens, in the handling of which she has been very successful and plans to increase the flock to two thousand. Many permanent improvements have been made on the farm, which is now a very valuable and desirable property. On August 14, 1907, Mr. Farrington was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Woodson, who was born in Gorham, New Hampshire, a daughter of Isaac and Rachel (Dalrymple) Woodson. Her father was born in Gardiner, Maine, in 1838, and died in 1907, and her mother was born in Shelburne, New Hampshire, in 1843 and died in November, 1911. They were the parents of four children, namely : George, who lives in Portland, Maine ; Arthur, deceased; Mabel, deceased, and Jennie. Mr. and Mrs. Farrington have one child, Marian, born at Arlington, August 28, 1908, and now a senior in the Arlington high school. Mr. Farrington is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association ; of the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington, of which he is a member of the board of directors, and he and his wife and daughter are members of the Grange. Mrs. Farrington is also a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association. Mr. Farrington has devoted himself very 680 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY closely to his individual affairs, in which he has met with well merited success, but he has also given a good citizen's attention to the affairs of the community, cooperating with his fellow citizens in every possible way in advancing the general welfare. He is a man of strong individuality and has won a high place in the esteem and good will of all who know him. KNUTE NESTE While the vast majority of the people of Washington are engaged in farming or some branch of the lumber business, those who have had the patience and skill to develop the mines of the state have been usually well repaid for their effort. To this class belongs Knute Neste, who for many years has been identified with the mining industry in Snohomish county and has been rewarded with a very gratifying measure of success. Mr. Neste was born in Norway on the 22d of May, 1867, and is a son of Ole and Carrie (Roan) Neste. The father came to the United States in '1868, settling first in Winneshiek county, Iowa, where he ran a tailor shop for a few years, after which he turned his attention to farming, having bought a tract of land in that county. In 1878 he went to South Dakota and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land near Sioux Falls in Minnehaha county, to the operation of which he devoted himself during his remaining active years. His death occurred in 1916, at the age of ninety-two years, and he is survived by his widow, who still lives in that state, at the age of eighty-three years. To this worthy couple were born twelve children, namely : Mary, Knute, Ole, Peter, Tollof, Theodore, Gustav, Otto, Oscar, Inga, Anna and Ella. Knute Neste was educated in the public schools of Minnesota and South Dakota and helped his father in the operation of his farm, also working out to some extent until 1889, when he went to Seattle, Washington. After remaining in that city about six months, he went to Skagit county, where he was employed in the woods for a few years. He then came to Darrington and, in partnership with his brothers, Theodore and Ole, opened a gold, silver and copper mine three miles south of that town. In this venture they were successful and have devoted themselves to it continuously since, a period of thirty-five years. A few years ago Knute Neste spent two years in the various mining districts of Nevada, California and Arizona, but is convinced that the undeveloped mineral resources of Washington are equal to the best in the world. In 1900 he bought an acre of land in Darrington and built a comfortable and well arranged house, in which he and his two brothers are living, none of them having married. He is of a quiet and unassuming manner, but possesses a strength of character and personal qualities that have commended him to the good favor of all who know him. ANDREW NORD Andrew Nord has passed through the evolutionary period of development in Snohomish county, during which he has aided in the great task of clearing the land of timber, brush and stumps which encumbered it and in producing the splendid farms which now dot this section of the country. He has been closely devoted to his individual affairs but has not permitted them to interfere with his obligations to his community or his neighbors, among whom he is held in high esteem. Andrew Nord is a native of Sweden, born on the 7th of February, 1869, and is a son of Erick and Betsy Anderson, both of whom are deceased. The father followed farming. To him and his wife were born three children : Per, deceased; Erick, who lives in Michigan; and Andrew. The last named was reared at home and secured a good education in the public schools. He then worked on neighboring farms and at the logging business until 1888, when he emigrated to the United States. He located at Aiken, Minnesota, whence he soon afterwards went to Duluth, that state, where he was employed as a stonecutter for about a year. He then went to Great Falls, Montana, where he worked on the Great Northern Railroad one winter. In the spring of 1890 he removed to Seattle, Washington, and during the ensuing three years was employed in the woods, in digging ditches and building dykes in Skagit county. In 1893 he went to Chicago, Illinois, where he worked in the steel mills four years. In 1897 he came back to Granite Falls, Snohomish county, and soon afterwards bought sixty acres of land, a part of the John Nuhse homestead, on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river between Arlington and, Granite Falls. The land was wild and unimproved, with not even a road to it, but undiscour-aged by the outlook Mr. Nord built a small split-cedar house and began clearing the place. He HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 681 made good progress, built a substantial barn in 1901, and now has fifteen acres of the land cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in woods and pasture. He keeps seven good grade Guernsey and Jersey cows, for which he raises sufficient feed, and the character of the improvements on the place is such as to make of it a very comfortable homestead. In 1893 Mr. Nord was united in marriage to Miss Hannah Olsen, who was born and reared in Sweden, the daughter of Olaf and Karen Anderson, both of whom are now deceased. They were the parents of ten children. Mr. and Mrs. Nord have three children, namely : Mrs. Andrea Anderson, who was born in Chicago and now lives in Seattle, is the mother of three children, Linden, Milne and Waldon ; Henry, born in Chicago, March 25, 1896, died August 30, 1910 ; Hilmer, born on the present place June 25, 1903, is at home. Mr. Nord has taken great interest in the progress and welfare of his community and served as a member of the school board several years and one term as supervisor of road district No. 84. He is a man of mature judgment and progressive ideas, keeps in close touch with the great questions of the day, and exerts a marked influence in the community where he resides and in which he is greatly respected. SAMUEL L. CALDBICK, M. D., F. A. C. S. Dr. Samuel L. Caldbick is one of the best known surgeons of northwestern Washington and for sixteen years has practiced continuously in Everett. He was born August 6, 1876, in the province of Ontario, Canada, his parents, Samuel and Jane (Anderson) Caldbick, being also natives of the Dominion. Both have passed away. Dr. Caldbick attended the public schools of Brussels, Canada, and continued his studies in Toronto. He took postgraduate work at Harvard University and began his professional career at Cadillac, Michigan, in 1902, but subsequently went to South Dakota, practicing for seven years in that state. He came to Everett in 1910 and has built up a large practice. He specializes in surgery and is head of the Everett Clinic. His associates are Drs. Secoy, Gunderson and Trask and their offices occupy the entire fifth floor of the Hodges building. In 1906 Dr. Caldbick married Miss Pauline 0. Bagsted, a daughter of Ivan Bagsted, of South Dakota, and the children of this union are Helen and Donald, aged respectively twelve and ten years. The Doctor is a member of the Snohomish County and Washington State Medical Societies, the American Medical Association, and the Pacific Coast Surgical Association. THOMAS J. F. SANDER Thomas J. F. Sander, one of the leading farmers and representative citizens living in the vicinity of Silvana, is justly entitled to specific mention in a permanent record of Snohomish county, for he has in a very definite measure contributed to the development and improvement of the locality in which he lives, while as a loyal and progressive citizen he has been the peer of any of his fellowmen. Mr. Sander was born in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, on the 10th of November, 1870, and is a son of Hans and Mary (Haggi) Sander, also natives of Germany, though born under the Danish flag, the father in 1832 and the mother in 1834. The father was a landowner and farmer and spent his entire life in his native land. To him and his wife were born five children, namely : Jeorge, deceased; Hans, who came to the United States in 1881 and died in North Dakota in 1890 ; Henry, who emigrated to the United States in 1881 and now lives in Nebraska ; Thomas J. F.; and Clous, who died when two years old. Thomas J. F. Sander was educated in the public schools of Germany and later worked as a farm hand until 1892. He then served two years in the German army, after which he was employed in sawmills and factories until 1904. In that year he came to the United States, locating in Cass county, Michigan, where he worked in railroad shops until 1907, when he came to Silvana, Snohomish county, Washington, and leased the ranch of his wife's uncle, Jens Thomsen, at Silvana, in partnership with his brother-in-law, Carsten Matthiesen. The farm contained one hundred and seventy-five acres and they ran the place for four years. Then Mr. Sander bought fifty-five and a half acres of land near Silvana, about eight acres of which were cleared, and he has since devoted himself closely to its operation and improvement, practically all of the land being now cleared. He has given the major portion of his attention to dairy farming, keeping twenty good grade Guernsey cows, for which he raises sufficient hay and grain on his land. In 1926 Mr. Sander sold forty acres of the land to his son Hans, retaining fifteen acres for his own use. 682 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1896, in Germany, Mr. Sander was united in marriage to Miss Katrina Matthiesen, who was born in Schleswig-Holstein, a daughter of Hans and Katrina (Thomsen) Matthiesen, also natives of Germany, the father born in 1842 and the mother in 1840. They are both now deceased, the father dying in 1915 and the mother in 1900. In their family were six children, namely : Mrs. Anna Wurst ; Jans ; Mrs. Mary Huus, who lives in Germany ; Mrs. Katrina Sander ; Mattias, who lives in Germany ; and Carsten, a resident of Silvana, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Sander have been horn five children, namely : Hans, who was born in Germany, September 22, 1896, and was married to Miss Antonia Kraetz on July 3, 1923, is now living on the land which he recently purchased from his father. Thomas, born October 6, 1897, died February 9, 1905. Katrine, born October 15, 1899, died December 19, 1917. Henry, born March 6, 1902, and Minnie, born at Plattsmouth, Nebraska, January 10, 1906, are both at home. The four eldest children were born in Germany. Mr. Sander is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is deeply interested in educational affairs and has rendered effective service as a member of the Silvana school board. He is a man of sound judgment and excellent taste and has beautified his place until it is now one of the most attractive farm homes in this section of the county. The house is surrounded with a well kept lawn, in which are flowers and shrubbery, and the same improvement exists in front of the cow barn. Mr. Sander takes a justifiable pride in the appearance of the place and is now very comfortably situated. He is a man of strong character and estimable personal qualities, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he enjoys universal esteem. GEORGE BRACKETT The history of Snohomish county reveals the handiwork of many who wrought unselfishly and steadfastly. Her splendid homes, productive farms, thriving towns, and happy and prosperous peOple speak volumes of someone's earnestness of purpose, of someone's strength of arm, courage of heart and activity of brain. Among those whose activities have in a very large measure contributed to the growth and upbuilding of the county, specific mention should be made of George Brackett, to whom more than to any other person is due the existence of the prosperous town of Edmonds, whose growth and welfare he has ever jealously guarded and conserved, so that the community owes him a debt of gratitude it can never repay. Mr. Brackett was born in eastern Canada on the 22d of May, 1841, and is a son of Daniel and Mary (Connell) Brackett, the former a native of Maine and the latter born in New Brunswick, Canada. The father followed the lumber business during his active years, and in the early '70s he moved to Wisconsin, where he and his wife died They were the parents of twenty children, of which number three are living. George Brackett was reared under the parental roof and secured his education in the public schools. In 1859, at the age of eighteen years, he started out on his own account, going to Maine, where he lived about ten years. He then came to Seattle, Washington, and during the years 1872-74 was engaged in logging operations in that section of the city now known as Ballard, while in 1875 he logged off the land now occupied by Fort Lawton. In 1876 Mr. Brackett bought the townsite of Edmonds, comprising one hundred and forty acres, which he secured for six hundred and fifty dollars, though an offer of one thousand dollars for the property six years before had been refused. This tract, which embraced about a half mile of water front, included the area within lines run from the high school to about Dayton street and from the water front back to somewhere between Fifth and Seventh streets. Logging operations became active in this section, and in 1889 a sawmill was built. A wharf had been built some years previously, and in 1890 the first shingle mill was established here, mainly through Mr. Brackett's efforts. Also in that year a large wharf, six hundred feet long and with a two hundred foot face, was constructed and used in the fueling of the Sound steamers which stopped here and which furnished the only means of communication with the outside world. Mr. Brackett took a deep interest in the development of the new town, streets being laid out and other public improvements properly looked after, including the incorporation of the town, of which Mr. Brackett became the first mayor. He named the town in honor of United States Senator Edmunds of Vermont and on the establishment of a post office here he became the first postmaster. He donated three lots as a site for a schoolhouse, which was originally located where Dr. Hall's residence now stands and he also saw to it that the lumber was also donated. Some time after the town was started, Mr. Brackett purchased five hundred and fifty-five acres of adjoining land, of which four hundred and fifty-four acres were bought from him by the Minneapolis Realty & Investment Company, which concern eventually formed what was called the Edmonds Improvement Company and built the first GEORGE BRACKETT HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 685 hotel in the town on a plot of land donated for the purpose by Mr. Brackett. Later, through a trade with the Minneapolis Realty & Investment Company, he obtained the present site of the grade school and gave it to the town for school purposes. He has always maintained a keen interest in every phase of the community life, has long been a member of the town council and since he first came here has been regarded as the leader of his community. In 1877 Mr. Brackett was married to Miss Etta E. Jones, a native of Minnesota, and to them were born six children, namely : George, Fannie, Nellie, Ronald C., Edith and Mary. Though in the golden sunset of life's day, Mr. Brackett is still active for his years, and no man in the community enjoys to a greater measure the confidence and respect of the people than he. ANTON S. LUDVIGSON Snohomish county can boast of no better citizens than the Norwegians who have found homes within her borders, and who have not only been efficient in the development of the county but have also taken an active part in public affairs. They have been especially earnest in their advocacy of good schools and in many ways have directly contributed to the welfare and progress of their respective communities. To this class belongs Anton S. Ludvigson, who owns a nice farm on Jim creek, in the Arlington district. He was born at Namsos, Norway, May 21, 1885, and is a son of Ludvig and Olisa (Olsen) Johansen. The father engaged in the fishing business and was accidentally drowned in 1889, being survived by his widow, who still lives in Norway. They were the parents of four children, Anna, Alfred, Anton S. and Karen. Alfred is a resident of Canada. After completing his education in the public schools of his home neighborhood, Anton S. Ludvigson turned his attention to commercial fishing, which he followed there until 1904, when he sailed for the United States. Coming direct to Snohomish county, he was first employed in the woods, loading shingle bolts for a few months. He then went to Arlington and engaged in logging and river driving until 1907, when he went to Alaska, where he prospected and mined for one season. Since his return he has followed logging much of the time to the present. In 1917 he made a second trip to Alaska, working at the carpenter's trade about a year. In 1916 he bought twenty acres of the old Peel homestead on Jim creek, and in 1919 moved onto the place and began to clear the land, which was literally a wilderness. He built a good house and has made excellent progress in the way of improvement, having about ten acres of the land cleared and cultivated. He raises good crops of hay, potatoes and corn, and keeps a small herd of dairy cattle. In 1908 Mr. Ludvigson bought a home in Arlington and on December 23d of that year he was united in marriage to Miss Olisa Andersen, who was horn in Norway, the daughter of Aneaus and Anna (Olsen) Andersen. The father followed logging in Norway and also served in the national army with the rank of sergeant. He came to the United States in 1883 and is now living in Dakota, while his wife remains in the old country. They became the parents of four children—Marius, deceased, Sigurd, Olisa and Laura. Mrs. Ludvigson came to the United States in 1902, locating in Minnesota, where she lived four years, and in 1906 came to Arlington, where she was living at the time of her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Ludvigson have seven children: Agnes, born January 29, 1910, a student in the Arlington high school ; Lorns, born October 25, 1911 ; Anna, July 9, 1913 ; Martha, February 23, 1916 ; Olga, December 14, 1918 : Emma, September 27, 1920, and Helen Silvia, June 5, 1923. Mr. Ludvigson and his wife are members of the Lutheran church at Arlington and the eldest daughter has been confirmed in that church. Mr. Ludvigson has led an active and useful life, exhibiting those qualities which commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen, and throughout this community is held in high esteem. KNUTE P. FROSTAD The life history of Knute P. Frostad is closely identified with the record of western Snohomish county, where he has resided for forty-five years, during which period he has been a witness of and a participant in the wonderful development which has characterized this section of the state. His life has been one of untiring activity, crowned with a degree of success attained by those who devote themselves indefatigably to the work before them. He is of a high type of citizen and none more than he deserves a fitting recognition among the men whose genius and abilities have achieved results that have commanded the respect and admiration of their fellowmen. Mr. Frostad was born in Norway, October 23, 1858, and is a son of Peter S. and Nick- 686 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY oline J. (Skoue) Frostad, both now deceased. The father had a good farm and was also a carpenter. To him and his wife were born nine children : Sophia ; K. P.; Jacopine, deceased; Petrine ; Nils, deceased ; Joakim ; Andres ; Magnus ; and Annie. Knute P. Frostad received an excellent education in the schools of his native land and when seventeen years of age was compelled to take charge of the home farm, his father having been accidentally killed. He remained at home until April 20. 1881, when he emigrated to the United States, settling at La Crosse, Wisconsin, where he remained about two months. He then went to St. James, Minnesota, where he lived until November of that year, when he started for the Pacific coast, landing at Seattle, Washington, December 14th. There he took boat for Stanwood, Snohomish county, whence he went to Utsaladdy, Camano island. He obtained employment in sawmills, which work he followed for eleven years. In the meantime, in 1884, he bought forty-two and a half acres of land, two and a half miles west of Stanwood, the tract being densely covered with timber and brush and with no road near. On quitting sawmill work he at once applied himself to the task of clearing his land, making his home in a small house which stood on the place. Those were hard times and ..during those early days he frequently worked outside in order to earn nymey for current expenses. Eventually, however, his well directed labor showed results, and when he had brought the land under cultivation prosperity began to smile on him. In 1899, in partnership with A. K. Sandwick, he bought forty-one acres adjoining and now has about hal f o f it cleared, the remainder being in pasture and wood land. In 1893 lie built a large and substantial barn and in 1909 a fine, modern house, in which he still lives. Mr. Frostad and his partner keep seventeen good grade Guernsey cows and a registered sire, and have been successful in dairy farming. They are members of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Their principal crops are hay and oats. On July 10, 1881, at St. James, Minnesota, Mr. Frostad was married to Miss Bergitta Frostad, who also is a native of Norway, a daughter of Arit and Anna Frostad, both now deceased. They had three children, Bergitta, Engeranna and one that died in infancy. To Mr. and Mrs. Frostad have been born three children, namely : Anna, who is the wife of A. K. Sandwick ; Nellie, a graduate nurse, now at home ; and Ada, who is an accomplished musician and is engaged in the art business in Seattle. All of the children received the advantage of a high school education. For many years Mr. Frostad has been an active and prominent figure in local public affairs, being a member of the board of commissioners of Island county for six years and filling various public offices for twenty-five years, rendering effective and appreciated service to his community. He was elected to the state legislature as representative from the fiftieth district, and served two terms in that body, gaining additional prestige by his close devotion to his duties and his regard for the interests of his constituents. The cause of education has found a friend in him and for a long period he was a member of the school board. His influence on the material, civic and social life of his locality has been of a most beneficent order. He has lived and labored to worthy ends, has been true to the highest ideals in business and public life and has given to the world the best of an essentially virile and loyal nature. He has always been a close reader and constant student, keeping in close touch with the great questions of the day, on which he holds well defined opinions, and is a man of wide influence in the community. Quiet and unassuming, he nevertheless possesses a forceful personality, that makes an impress on all who come into contact with him, and wherever known he commands uniform confidence and esteem. ARME K. SANDWICK Arnie K. Sandwick is a native of Norway, where his birth occurred on the 9th day of January, 1866, and is a son of Carolious and Ragnhild (Floe) Sandwick, both now deceased. They were respected farming folk who never left their native land. They had four children, A. K., Mrs. Bertha Million, Christina and Iver. Arme K. Sandwick secured his education in the public schools of Norway and began work at the tender age of nine years, at which time his father died. In 1885, when a young man of nineteen years, he came to the United States, locating in Minnesota, where he engaged in farm work for three years. In 1888 he came to Utsaladdy, Washington, and found employment in a sawmill, which line of work he followed until 1891, when he entered the employ of K. P. Frostad. Later he and Mr. Frostad bought land together and they have since operated as partners, conducting a successful dairy farm. Mr. Sandwick is a man of untiring energy, good judgment and sound common sense, and has gained a high place among the farmers of this locality. On April 9, 1897, he was married to Miss Anna Frostad, who was horn in Minnesota, a HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 687 daughter of K. P. Frostad, who is mentioned elsewhere. Messrs. Frostad and Sandwick are members and liberal supporters of the Camano Lutheran church, which was organized and built in 1904. Mr. Sandwick is a man of kindly and genial manner, loyal in his associations, and has the respect and good will of all who know him. ERICK ANDERSON A life of active and honest endeavor, in which one earns the privilege of retirement from labor and the enjoyment of leisure is the ideal career, and such is the record of Erick Anderson, who has long been recognized as one of the worthy and substantial citizens of the Arlington district of Snohomish county. Born at Walders, Norway, on the 24th of December, 1868, he is a son of Anders and Ragnild Anderson, who also were natives of Norway, where the father followed contracting and farming. Both are now deceased. To them were born nine children, of whom three are living : Knute, who lives in Bellingham, Washington; Andreas, in Norway ; and Erick. The last named attended the public schools and later learned the trade of a shoemaker. He also farmed for a few years in his native land and in 1892 came to the United States, settling in Dane county, Wisconsin, where he worked for about three years, and then bought fifteen acres of land, which he farmed for awhile and sold. He next leased one hundred and sixty acres of land, which he cultivated until 1902, when he sold out and came to Snohomish county. He bought forty acres of land on Jim creek, five miles east of Arlington, of which about a half acre was cleared and the only other improvement was a small split-cedar shack. He built a good house and barn and then began clearing the land of the stumps and brush which encumbered it, a good deal of draining also being required. He now has the place practically all cleared and has developed a good farm, well improved and richly productive. He keeps eleven good grade Guernsey cows, which afford him a very satisfactory income, and he raises good crops of hay, oats and potatoes. He has given close attention to his farm, which he has maintained at a high standard of excellence, and has recently leased it to his son Otto, who lives on the place and operates it. On April 15, 1889, in Norway, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Annie Marie Olson, a native of that country and the daughter of Tederman and Marit (Anderson) Olson, both of whom are deceased. They were the parents of three children, Annie Marie, Andreas Haugen and Sophia, deceased. The father was a bookbinder by trade, and also gave some attention to farming. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have four children : Albert, born August 17, 1893, died August 2, 1895; Anton, born May 4, 1891, died May 19, 1891; Mrs. Ruth M. Broe, born in Wisconsin, June 4, 1896, now lives in Arlington, and is the mother of three children, Wilma Elizabeth, born November 6, 1916, Mildred Oliva, December 14, 1917, and Ruth Lorine, April 12, 1920 ; Otto, born May 14, 1903, was married on June 30, 1925, to Miss Gertrude Sophia Braaten, and they have a son, Elmer Alvin, born April 21, 1926. Mr. Anderson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and is an active advocate of everything which promises to be of real benefit to the community, being specially strong in his support of improved roads and good schools. Because of his upright life, and his cordiality, he enjoys the friendship of many and the respect of all who know him. HERBERT A. CRAWFORD Herbert A. Crawford, now one of the well-to-do and highly respected residents of northwestern Snohomish county, where he is numbered among the pioneers, has had a long and active career here, his identification with his locality extending back to the early days when conditions were primitive and living was a matter of privation and hard work. Mr. Crawford was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, on the 20th of April, 1856, and is a son of Frank and Chloe (Stocking) Crawford, both of whom were natives of Steuben county, New York. The father went to Michigan about 1850, being a pioneer of that state, and there followed his trades of carpenter and millwright, living in that state until his death. To him and his wife were born six children : Herbert A., Hattie, Delos, Rose, George and one who died in infancy. Herbert A. Crawford attended the public schools of Michigan and later worked in logging camps there, being so employed until 1887, when he removed to Seattle, Washington. He was employed in a brickyard there until May, 1888, when he came to Stanwood and thence fol- 088 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY lowed the river up to Hazel, about twenty miles east of Arlington, where he took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres. There were no roads and only a poor trail and in other ways the country was but slightly improved. He at once built a small log cabin and entered upon the task of clearing the land. He cleared about twenty-five acres and in 1910 built a large barn. He engaged in the dairy business, milking nineteen cows for a number of years, though of late he has cut down the number considerably. The river has washed away about twenty-five acres of his best land. In 1889 Mr. Crawford established a stage line from Arlington to Darrington and thence to Sauk City, which he operated until the advent of the railroad put him out of business, discontinuing it at the end of two years. He forded the river at Olson's ferry, Silvana, and often had exciting experiences, one of which in particular he well. remembers. In high water he frequently was compelled to swim his horses and on one occasion, while fording the stream, he had two women passengers, one of whom had a baby in arms. When the horses got beyond their depth and began swimming, the swift current carried them down stream. The young woman stood up in the wagon, raised her baby high in the air and was about to throw it in the river, but Mr. Crawford grabbed it from her and set it down in the bottom of the wagon between his feet. He then reached back and grabbed the mother, pulling her over the seat and putting her in the bottom of the wagon with her child, holding her there forcibly until they were safely across the river. Mr. Crawford has always been an expert swimmer, being as much at home in the water as on land, and has also been a good horseman. He never failed in his duty as a public carrier. Mr. Crawford is a member of Arlington Lodge, No. 129, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and Arlington Lodge, No. 127, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Cooperative Creamery. He has been true and loyal in every relation of life, and throughout the period of his residence here there has never been a time when he did not command the fullest measure of respect from his fellow citizens. CHARLES D. HILLIS Charles D. Hillis has long been an important factor in the agricultural life of northwestern Snohomish county and has lived to see and take part in the wonderful changes that have marked the passing of the years in this locality since he first came here, some thirty-five years ago. Mr. Hillis was born in Elk county, Kansas, on the 14th of September, 1873, and is a son of James F. Hillis, a native of Indiana, who was a pioneer of Kansas, to which state he moved in an early day, taking up a homestead. He devoted himself to farming, in which he was successful, and bought more land until at length he owned fifteen hundred acres. He died in March, 1891. His wife's death occurred when our subject was a baby. She too was a native of Indiana, and she bore her husband seven children, of whom Charles D. was the fourth in order of birth. Charles D. Hillis attended the public schools of Kansas to the age of fourteen years, when, in 1888, he came to Walla Walla, Washington. He remained there about six months, working in a planing mill at Blue Mountain, and then went to Gilliam county, Oregon, where he was employed on a big ranch for about eighteen months. In January, 1890, he returned to Washington, landing at Stanwood, from which place he walked to Cicero, and there helped his brother John slash and clear up part of his homestead. Later he worked on a ranch at Cicero for Ben Hilderbrant for two seasons. In 1897 Mr. Hillis and H. 0. Siler bought the Hilderbrant ranch, comprising one hundred and sixty acres of land, of which fifteen acres were cleared, and containing a small split-cedar house and a barn. In 1906 Mr. Hillis built a good house, constructed two large barns in 1908 and later on erected two large silos. He and Mr. Siler worked hard and persistently in clearing the land, one hundred and five acres of which are now cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in woods and pasture. During the process of clearing the tract many hundred cords of cedar shingle bolts were cut on the place. He keeps about forty-five head of good grade Guernsey cows and a registered sire. In 1905 Mr. Hillis leased the ranch and built a shingle mill at Trafton, which he ran for about eighteen months in partnership with D. E. Servis. He then went to Elma, Grays Harbor county, and ran a shingle mill there until 1914, at which time he went to Maytown, Thurston county, where he ran a sawmill and lumberyard until December, 1918. In January, 1919, he returned to his ranch, where he has lived continuously since. On October 8, 1916, Mr. Hillis was united in marriage to Miss Florence Tierney, who was born in Thurston county, Washington, a daughter of Martin and Elizabeth (Doyle) Tierney, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 689 the former of whom was a native of Ireland and the latter of Prince Edward island, Canada. Mr. Tierney came to Washington in 1887, settling at Olympia, his wife coming out in the following year. In 1892 he bought a ranch in Thurston county, where he farmed until 1924, when he sold it and moved to Olympia, where he bought a small place and retired. Of the six children born to him and his wife, four are living, namely : Michael, William, Florence and Mrs. Margaret Murphy. To Mr. and Mrs. Hillis have been born five children, as follows : Martin, born at Olympia, September 6, 1917 ; Charles, horn at Seattle, December 3, 1919 ; Joseph William, born on the homestead, May 5, 1922 ; Frederick, born July 1, 1924; and John, born April 7, 1926. Mr. Hillis is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Fraternally he is a member of Arlington Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; Everett Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Elma Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has been actively interested in the welfare of his community, being a strong advocate of good schools and improved roads, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he is held in high esteem. RICHARD C. ROJAHN One of the best improved and most productive farms on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river is that owned by Richard C. Rojahn, who through a series of years has developed this excellent property from a veritable wilderness. This result has been attained only by the hardest sort of labor, but he is now very comfortably situated and in a position to enjoy the fruits of his former toil. Mr. Rojahn was born in Germany in 1857, and is a son of Carl and Teena (Schuman) Rojahn, both of whom died in Germany. The father was a school teacher by profession and a man of prominence and influence in his community. To him and his wife were born six children, Laura, Emma, Richard, Elisa, Arthur, and Otto. Having secured a good education in the schools of his home neighborhood, Richard C. Rojahn then learned the trades of miller and millwright, which lines of work he followed until 1888, when he came to the United States, making his way direct to Stanwood, Snohomish county. Soon afterwards he went up the Stillaguamish river and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres near what is now Oso. At that time there had been little improvement in this locality and no road led to Mr. Rojahn's place. He first built a good log house and then directed his efforts to clearing the land. He lived there about ten years and cleared up a goodly portion of the land. In 1899 he bought forty acres three miles southeast of Arlington, a few acres of which had been cleared and on which stood a small shack. He made good progress in clearing this land and in 1901 bought thirty-five acres adjoining. He now has about sixty acres cleared and raises fine crops of hay, oats and corn. He built a comfortable house and good barn in 1909 and a large silo in 1916. He keeps twenty-six good grade Guernsey cows and five head of young stock, as well as a registered Guernsey bull. He also owns one of the finest teams of Clydesdale horses in Snohomish county. On August 14, 1894, Mr. Rojahn was united in marriage to Miss Elisa Adami, a native of Germany, as were her parents, Peter and Katrina (Kreig) Adami, who never !eft their native land and are now deceased. They had six children, Katrina, Elisa, Peter, Henry, Margaretta and Gretchen. Mr. and Mrs. Rojahn have two daughters and a son : Mrs. Annie Brounty, who is the mother of two children, William, born October 30, 1920, and Lovina, June 20, 1925 ; and Clara E. and Otto H., who are at home, assisting their parents in the work of the farm. Mr. Rojahn is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is justifiably proud of his farm, which gives abundant evidence of the thoughtful direction and sound judgment which have been exercised in its management, and he is numbered among the representative agriculturists of his section of the county. SCHUYLER DURYEE Schuyler Duryee, the general manager of The Everett Land Company (which filed the original plat of Everett) from 1891 to 1897, was born at Bayonne, New Jersey, January 13, 1847, a son of Abraham R. and Pamela (Redfield) Duryee. He was educated in the public schools of New York city and followed mercantile pursuits in the eastern metropolis. In 1873 he was made chief of the general record division in the war department at Washington city, and in 1883 became chief clerk of the United States patent office, which position he resigned 690 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in November, 1891, to become vice president and general manager of The Everett Land Company, a corporation organized for the building of the city of Everett. The founders of Everett early recognized the desirability of manufacturing plants locating in this city and The Everett Land Company was able to immediately induce several large factories to build in Everett. The first of these was the Puget Sound Pulp and Paper Company (now known as the Everett Pulp and Paper Company), its plant being established on the west side of the Snohomish river at Lowell. The Pacific Steel Barge Company was organized to build steel steam vessels of the whaleback type and the plant was erected on the west side of and near the mouth of the Snohomish river. The first steel ship constructed by this company was named the "City of Everett" and was launched on the 24th of October, 1894. The Puget Sound Wire, Nail and Steel Company was organized at this time and its plant established on the Bayside waterfront south of Pacific avenue. Mr. Duryee was a director in these companies. He became vice president and treasurer of the Everett Water Company, treasurer of the Everett & Monte Cristo Railway Company and president of the Everett Railway and Electric Company. • The Everett Land Company was organized November 19, 1890. Its incorporators were Henry Hewitt, Jr., Walter Oakes, I. B. S. Isted and George S. Brown. The original trustees were : Henry Hewitt, Jr., Charles L. Colby, Colgate Hoyt, Charles W. Wetmore, Alton L. Dickerman, George S. Brown, I. B. S. Isted, Walter Oakes and E. B. Bartlett. The company owned most of the original townsite of Everett, a good portion of which was early subdivided and sold as lots. The holdings of the company comprised about ten thousand acres and practically all of this tract was included in the townsite when the incorporation was effected in 1893. The first office of the company was in the Fiber Hotel at Lowell. The first plat filed by the company was The Everett Land Company's first addition to Everett, which was recorded on the 21st day of December, 1891. The company soon afterward established its main office at the corner of Oakes and Pacific avenues, expecting that Pacific avenue would become the principal east and west business thoroughfare. However, owing to the steep grade from the Bay-side waterfront easterly, it was soon found that Hewitt avenue was the logical location for the east and west thoroughfare and the office was shortly moved to the Hewitt building located on the south side of Hewitt avenue between Hoyt and Colby avenues, and later to 1713 Hewitt avenue, where it continued until the holdings of the company were purchased by the Everett Improvement Company in 1900. Mr. Duryee upon resigning as general manager of The Everett Land Company went to Gold Creek, Nevada, as manager of the Gold Creek, Nevada, Townsite Company in which capacity he acted for two years. Going to San Francisco, California, he engaged in the practice of patent law in that city until 1906, when he returned to Everett. After spending several years with his son, Daniel A. Duryee, in the real estate and insurance business, he resumed his professional activities, practicing until his death. He was connected with the Knights of Pythias, and his political views were in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He was a man of keen intellect and high character, and was at one time candidate for United States senator. His long and useful life was terminated December 16, 1922, and his widow passed away June 4, 1925. Schuyler Duryee and Margaret Ann Devoe, a daughter of Daniel I. and Maria (Snell) Devoe, were married at Fort Plain, Montgomery county, New York, October 12, 1875. There were five children : Leverich S. Duryee, now residing in Seattle; Dr. Albert P. Duryee and Daniel A. Duryee, now residing in Everett ; Kore T. Duryee, residing in Seattle; and Agnes D. Duryee, now Mrs. H. Gilpin Sutton, residing on Bainbridge island. HENRY SINN Among the early settlers of the northwestern part of Snohomish county was Henry Sinn, who, during the years of his residence here, gained a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens. He was a man of great energy and persistency, doing well whatever he undertook, and it is to such men as he that this county is greatly indebted for its early settlement and progress. Mr. Sinn, though unassuming in manner, was a man of strong character and his death, which occurred in February, 1898, was considered a distinct loss to the community. Born in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, about 1860, he received his education in the public schools of that country. About 1878 he came to the United States and settled in Nebraska, where he followed the trade of sign-painting. In 1882 lie came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and soon afterwards filed on a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres a half mile west of Arlington. Here he built a small split-cedar house and in the course of time succeeded in HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 691 clearing a good part of the land. He lived there fifteen years and then sold and moved to Arlington, where his death occurred. When he took up his homestead it was all virgin timber land, there were practically no roads in that locality and but few settlers for many miles on the river in either direction. Mr. Sinn was the first man to peddle milk in Arlington, carrying it to his customers on a pack saddle. Mr. Sinn was married to Miss Maraget Klein, who was born in Germany, August 15, 1861, and they became the parents of three children. Hans, Henry and Lena, who were born on the old homestead at Arlington. After the death of Mr. Shin, his widow became the wife of Hannes Fick, who was born in Hamburg, Germany, their marriage occurring in Everett in 1900. Mr. Fick came to the United States in 1882, settling near Tacoma, Washington, where he bought land. In 1884 he sold that place and came to Snohomish county, where he has since resided. He first took up a homestead on Jim creek, which he later sold, and also took up a squatter's right at Cicero, which he sold later. Soon after his marriage he bought ninety-four acres of land on the river, three miles east of Arlington, a part of the Carl Knutson homestead, only about three. acres being cleared, and he at once set to work to clear the remainder. He put up a good set of buildings and now has about forty acres cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being pasture and woodland. In 1916 Mr. Fick bought seventy-five acres additional, two and a half miles east of Arlington, all of which was covered with timber and brush, and he now has about thirty-five acres of it in good pasture. He keeps thirty good grade Holstein and Jersey cows and fifteen head of young stock, as well as a registered sire. The fertile land produces abundant crops of hay, oats and corn, the latter being largely used for ensilage. Mr. Fick is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and belongs to Arlington Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mrs. Fick passed away on September 12, 1924, and Hans, Henry and Lena Sinn live with their stepfather. Lena is the housekeeper and all work harmoniously together for the common good. The members of the family have always stood for all that is best in community life and they are all highly esteemed throughout the locality where they live. CARL THOMPSON Among the successful farmers and progressive citizens of Snohomish county, none takes precedence over Carl Thompson, whose well improved farm and attractive home are located about a mile west of the town of Arlington, where lie has lived continuously since 1891, a period of thirty-five years. His career during earlier years here was characterized by strenuous and long continued labor, but in the course of time, through his excellent management and well directed efforts, he forged ahead and for several years has lived practically retired from active farm work, having attained a position where he can take things leisurely and enjoy the fruits of his former labor. Mr. Thompson is a native of Norway, born on the 19th of March, 1863, and is a son of Casper and Ellen Thompson, who brought their family to the United States in 1867, locating first in Illinois, where the father was engaged in farming for a number of years. He then moved to Minnesota, of which state he was a pioneer, and still later located in South Dakota, where he took up homestead and timber claims. He remained in that state until 1904, when he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, Washington, and here spent his remaining years, his death occurring July 15, 1916. The mother died when the subject of this sketch was but a small boy. Carl Thompson received his educational training in the public schools of Illinois and Minnesota, and he remained at home, assisting his father on the ranch, until 1883, when he decided to come west. He first located in Seattle, Washington, in the vicinity of which city he worked for about a year and then, on April 21, 1884, he arrived in Stanwood, Snohomish county. He went to work in logging camps and on the river near Silvana. Later he was at a camp farther up the river, working for three years in Henry Dewey's camp. Later he devoted a year to logging, but was ambitious to acquire a farm home of his own and in 1891 he bought eighty acres of heavily timbered land one mile west of what is now the town of Arlington. He immediately set to work to clear this land, keeping steadily at it until it was all under cultivation. Subsequently he added forty-one acres adjoining, which he also cleared ; about 190S lie bought a forty acre tract, and in 1921 purchased twenty acres more, making a total of one hundred and eighty-one acres, all located on section 10, township 31 north, a splendid body of rich bottom land, which produces abundant crops. Mr. Thompson built his first large house, containing twelve rooms in 1905. The year previously he had erected a large barn and in 1913 built another big barn to take care of his increasing crops and live stock. In 1915 he built 692 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY his first silo, to which he added a second one in 1920. In the latter year Mr. Thompson decided to lay aside some of the burdens of farm work and take life a little easier. To this end he purchased a nice home in Arlington, to which he moved, but he lived there only two years, as he did not like town life. Returning to the farm, he built a fine, modern residence close to the highway, reserving around it a half acre of ground for lawns and garden, and he is now living here in comfort and satisfaction. This is undoubtedly one of the most attractive farm homes in Snohomish county and is beautified by flowers and shrubbery, in the care of which Mrs. Thompson takes a deep interest, spending much time with them. On the farm are about seventy head of high grade Holstein cattle, some of which are pure bred, and there are several registered bulls. Mr. Thompson owns about two-thirds of the stock, the farm tenant furnishing the remainder. On September 18, 1890, Mr. Thompson was married to Miss Caroline May Funk, a native of Denmark and a daughter of Rasmus and Kirsten (Hansen) Funk, both of whom also were natives of Denmark, where the father died in 1879. The mother came to Washington and died here, March 26, 1923. Mrs. Thompson was educated in the public schools of Wisconsin, completing her studies at Kent's prairie school, near Arlington. To Mr. and Mrs. Thompson have been born three children, Arthur C., Elmer C. and Myrtle Constance. Arthur C. Thompson was born at Arlington, February 2, 1892, and secured his elementary education in the Arlington public schools, completing his studies at Parkland University, Washington. In June, 1918, he enlisted for service in the World war, serving until March, 1919. On June 12, 1919, he was married to Miss Sena Reinseth, who was born in Silvana, Washington, and is a daughter of Oleo 0. and Marae (Bernson) Reinseth, natives of Norway. Her father came to the United States in 1887 and now has a nice farm on the highway near the Island school. To Arthur and Sena Thompson have been born two children : Chester Desmond, born April 19, 1922 ; and Marjory Irene, born January 4, 1926. Elmer C. Thompson was born at Arlington, June 1, 1895, attended the grammar school there and then took a course in a business college at Portland, Oregon. In February, 1918, he enlisted in the marine corps, with which he served until the close of the war. He was in the Philippine islands for about a year. He was made a corporal and was about to be given a sergeant's stripes when the war ended, and he was honorably discharged, reaching home in July, 1919. On June 2, 1920, he was married to Miss Mabel Smave, who was born in Minnesota, and they are the parents of two sons : Theodore Eugene, born May 19, 1923 ; and Elmer Clair, born December 24, 1925. Myrtle C., who was born at Arlington, July 21, 1900, was educated in the public schools of that place. On June 1, 1921, she became the wife of Lloyd Amundson, who was born in Minnesota and is now employed in the bank at East Stanwood. Arthur and Elmer are engaged in logging contracting, under the firm name of Thompson Brothers. SAM FURLAND Sam Furland, whose life record has been one of hard and persistent industry, directed by mature judgment, has long stood in the front ranks of those who have conserved the material, civic and moral welfare of his section of Snohomish county. He was born on the 19th of April, 1866, in Bonaventure county, province of Quebec, Canada, and is a son of Hubert and Jane (Downs) Furland, both of whom also were natives of Quebec. The father was a lumberman and farmer and lived in Canada until his death, which occurred about 1896 at the age of eighty-four years. The mother passed away about 1914. They were the parents of eleven children, of which number nine are still living, namely : Colin T., Isabel, Aggie, James, Sam, Mary, Myron, John G. and George H. Sam Furland received his educational training in the public schools of Canada, and he then learned the trade of a blacksmith, which line of work he followed four years in Quebec, after which he went to sea for two years. On quitting the sea in 1887, Mr. Furland went to Wisconsin, where he was employed in logging camps until 1890, on June 11th of which year he came to Seattle, Washington. A few days later he went up the Skagit river to Birds-view, where he worked at the blacksmith trade two years, and in the fall of 1891 he moved to Arlington, where he went to work in a logging camp for Alfred Moore. He followed logging there until 1907, when he moved to Darrington and opened a blacksmith shop, which he operated two years. He then moved his shop to eighty acres of land which he had bought in 1908 at Squire Creek, it being a part of the old Jim Smith homestead, which had been filed in 1891. About fourteen acres of the land were partly under cultivation, but Mr. Furland has still further improved the place, including the erection of a new barn and house, so that his ranch is now numbered among the valuable and desirable farms of Snohomish county. His HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 693 principal crops are hay, grain and potatoes, and he keeps nine good grade Guernsey cows, from which he derives a nice income. On October 13, 1897, Mr. Furland was united in marriage to Miss Nettie Holmstad, who was born in Norway and is a sister of Oluf Holmstad, whose sketch appears on other pages of this work. Mrs. Furland died October 21, 1916. She was the mother of six children, as follows : James W., born at Bryant, Washington, September 3, 1899, remains at home and is a member of Arlington Lodge, No. 127, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Bernice, born June 30, 1901, is the wife of Estes Forrister, of Darrington. Gertrude, born February 28, 1903, is the wife of Hilden Hoglund, of Fortson, and they have two children, Ernest and Harold. Hazel, born February 20, 1908, George H., born March 29, 1910, and Dorothy Jane, born July 11, 1912, are all at home. Fraternally, Mr. Furland is a member of Arlington Lodge, No. 129, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; Arlington Lodge, No. 127, Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Viola Lodge, No. 110, Daughters of Rebekah ; and Chapter No. 78, Order of the Eastern Star. He is a past master of his Masonic lodge, having presided in 1901. He is a man of genial and friendly manner, candid and straightforward in his personal relations, and possesses sound business judgment. Because of his splendid record and unquestioned integrity, he is well deserving of the high place which he holds among the leading men of his section of the county. WALTER M. BUNTEN Logging and agricultural pursuits claim the attention of Walter M. Bunten, who is one of the younger members of the farming community of Arlington, and his success has been commensurate with his industry and ability. He was born November 16, 1892, on the homestead near Arlington, his parents being William H. and Sophia (Eichholz) Bunten, who were married in California in 1880. His father was a son of Andrew and Clare A. (Chase) Bunten, the former of whom was born in New Hampshire and the latter in Maine. Andrew Bunten engaged in teaching school in the Pine Tree state, and also followed the occupation of farming. His wife's ancestors were among the Pilgrim Fathers who came to the new world on the historic Mayflower. Her demise occurred in Redwood City, California. William H. Bunten was born July 31, 1829, in Alexander, Maine, and received his education in the public schools of that state. He learned the carpenter's trade and wa.g married when nineteen years of age. He operated his father's farm for a considerable period and in 1865 went to California by the isthmus route. At the end of three years he decided to return to the east and the vessel on which he sailed was shipwrecked off the coast of Panama. While waiting for another steamer he was stricken with fever and the disease permanently affected his hearing. After recovering from his illness he changed his plans and returned to California. Later he journeyed from that state to Washington and in 1884 cast in his lot with the early settlers of the Arlington district. In this isolated region he hewed a farm out of the wilderness and during the early clays brought his provisions from Stanwood in an Indian canoe on the river, as the roads were impassible. He devoted the remainder of his life to the development and improvement of his ranch and was called to his final rest October 8, 1903. He was a man of fine character and enjoyed the unqualified respect of all with whom he was associated. He was affiliated with the Evangelical church and gave his political support to the republican party. His wife was a daughter of William M. and Frederika (Kolpin) Eichholz, natives of Germany and lifelong residents of the fatherland. Her father died when a young man of thirty-two, and her mother passed away several years later, responding to the final summons in 1872. Mrs. Bunten was born in Germany in 1854 and at the age of fifteen years made the voyage to the United States. She went first to Wisconsin and in 1880 made the journey to California. She experienced all of the hardships and privations of frontier life, and her demise occurred on the Bunten homestead on the 26th of January, 1911. She was the mother of five children : Mrs. Minnie C. King, who was born in California in 1881 ; Mrs. Clara H. Holing, who was born in Port Susan, Washington, in 1883 ; Bertha, who was born on the Snohomish county ranch in 1886 ; and William H., Jr., and Walter M., who were also born on that place. Walter M. Bunten was a pupil in the Island school near his home and bore his share in the burden of developing the ranch. He also worked in various logging camps and is still connected with that industry, of which he has acquired a comprehensive knowledge. He is also an experienced agriculturist and resides on a portion of the homestead, which is situated in township 31 north, range 5 east. He has never been afraid of hard work, knowing that close appli- 694 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY cation constitutes the basis of all advancement, and a pleasing personality and marked strength of character have enabled him to win and retain the esteem of many friends. Mr. Bunten was married October 23, 1913, to Miss Freda Adams, who was born in Michigan, and their union was severed by her death on June 17, 1914. She had become the mother of a son, Walter M., Jr., who was born June 16, 1914, and is attending the public schools. For his second wife Mr. Bunten married Miss Gladys Stephens, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Thomas and Sarah Stephens. Her parents reside in Sedro Woolley, Washington, and her father is the owner of a valuable ranch in Skagit county. In their family were eight children, of whom John, the second in order of birth, is deceased. The others are Cassie, Irene, Edmund, Gladys, Robert, Frances and Margaret. By his second wife Mr. Bunten has a daughter, Hazel. ROBERT M. MITCHELL Among the men of courage, vision and enterprise to whom Everett owes its development and progress, none enjoys a higher reputation than Robert M. Mitchell, the city's pioneer realtor. A native of Canada, he was born January 1, 1858, in the city of Toronto, and received a public school education. He crossed the United States border and as a young man went to North Dakota. He engaged in general merchandis;ng at Mapleton for some time and in 1889 came to Washington, locating in Tacoma. In 1891 he came to Everett and entered the real estate business, organizing the Mitchell Land Improvement Company, which opened up one of the first additions to the city. It extended from Grand avenue to Chestnut street and Mr. Mitchell has since laid out many subdivision:. He has bought and sold property on an extensive scale and his business is the oldest of the kind in the city. It has been in continuous operation for thirty-five years and in local business circles the name of Mitchell has become synonymous with safety in real estate investment. Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Brownlee, of Fargo, North Dakota, and they have become the parents of five children. Miles S., the eldest, is treasurer of the Sumner Iron Works and a well known business man of Everett. Eva is the wife of W. H. Sherwood and lives in Bellingham. Warren B. married Miss Grace Proctor, of Everett, and is ably managing his father's business. He is an Elk and gives his political support to the republican party. Marion is the wife of Wendall W. Black, a prominent attorney of Seattle. Ray, the youngest son, married Miss Ruth Lovinger, of Everett, and is employed in the Sumner Iron Works. Mr. Mitchell is a republican and takes deep interest in public affairs but has never aspired to office. He has witnessed notable changes as the work of development has been carried forward in Everett, contributing in marked measure toward the city's upbuilding, and as one of its pioneers he is widely known and highly esteemed, for his life has been long, upright and useful. THOMAS HANSON Among the men whose lives have been an integral part of the history of the development of the northwestern part of Snohomish county, specific mention should be made of Thomas Hanson, who bore his full part in bringing about the splendid era of progress and prosperity which has characterized this locality. Sturdy and persistent industry, sound business judgment and a splendid personality combined to make him a man of more than ordinary value to his community, and his memory is honored today by all who knew him. Mr. Hanson was born in Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Denmark, on the 6th of October, 1845, and his death occurred on the 4th of July, 1918, in the seventy-third year of his age. He was the son of Hans Hanson. He attended the public schools of his native land and about the close of the Civil war he came to the United States, completing his education at the Lutheran College at Decorah, Iowa. Locating in Michigan, he lived there a few years, being employed in the iron mines in the northern part of the state, and then went to Nebraska, where he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land near Kearney Junction. He proved up on this land, but owing to the ravages of the grasshoppers, he sold out and in 1876 went to California, where he made his home for two years, during which time he was employed as a ranch hand. Mr. Hanson then went to Portland, Oregon, where he remained one year and on July 4, 1879, he came to Stanwood, Washington. The same day he proceeded to where Silvana now stands and took a preemption claim to one hundred and sixty acres two miles east of that NOSNVH SVJAIOHI *SNIAI (INV 'NW HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 697 place. Only a small clearing had been made by Mr. Nelson, who had homesteaded the land and who had built a small log cabin. Mr. Hanson proved up and bought the land, to which he devoted his efforts in the way of clearing and improvement and at the time of his death he had eighty-five acres of the land under cultivation. Mrs. Hanson is still living on the homestead. He was a man of excellent judgment, of indefatigable industry and up-to-date ideas and honored the community in which he lived. On October 7, 1889, Mr. Hanson was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Severson, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Carl Peterson. To them were born the following children, namely : Carl J., who was born on the old homestead July 16, 1890, and died May 18, 1926; Anna, who died in infancy ; Herman A., who was born August 24, 1893, and died March 15, 1922; Helen, who was born in 1897 and died in infancy ; and Anna Christina, who died at birth. Carl Hanson received his education in the Island school and always lived on the home place. On the death of his father he took over the active operation of the farm, which he successfully carried forward, being numbered among the best farmers in this locality. The farm is well improved, a fine, modern eight room house having been built in 1909, as well as a commodious and substantial barn the same year, while in 1919 they erected a good silo. The principal crops are hay and oats, and Carl Hanson gave his chief attention to dairy farming, keeping thirty-six head of fine Holstein and Guernsey cows and also owning a pure bred Holstein bull and a team of good horses. Mrs. Hanson is a member of the Lutheran church at Silvana, to which she gives generous support. Mr. Hanson was a man of cordial and friendly manner, and because of his splendid record and his excellent character he gained a high place in the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. WILLIAM H. BUNTEN, JR. A productive ranch in township thirty-one north, range five east, pays tribute to the care and labor bestowed upon it by the owner, William H. Bunten, Jr., a well known agriculturist of Arlington district and a worthy representative of one of the old and highly esteemed families of this part of the state. He was born May 17, 1888, on the homestead near Arlington and his father, William H. Bunten, Sr., was a native of Maine. The latter was horn July 31, 1829, in the town of Alexander, and was a son of Andrew and Clare A. (Chase) Bunten. Andrew Bunten was a native of New Hampshire and became one of the pioneer school teachers and farmers of the Pine Tree state, in which his wife was born. She was a descendant of the Mayflower Pilgrims and passed away in Redwood City, California. William H. Bunten, Sr., was educated in the public schools of Maine and during his boyhood served an apprenticeship to a carpenter. He was married when nineteen years of age and operated his father's farm for several years thereafter. In 1865 he went to California, choosing the isthmus route, and after a residence of three years in the Golden state he determined to return to the Atlantic coast. The vessel on which he took passage was wrecked off the coast of Panama and while waiting for another steamer to touch at the port he was stricken with fever, which resulted in the permanent loss of his hearing. Owing to illness he changed his plans and returned to California. Subsequently he migrated to Washington, settling near Arlington in 1884, when this was a frontier region. The land was covered with dense forests and provisions had to be brought from Stanwood by Indian canoe on the river as the country was an impenetrable wilderness. After years of unceasing toil he brought the land under cultivation and added many improvements to his place, on which he remained until his demise on October 8, 1903. In 1880, while living in California, Mr. Bunten married Miss Sophia Eichholz, a daughter of William M. and Frederika (Kolpin) Eichholz, natives of Germany. Her father died when thirty-two years of age as the result of an attack of typhoid fever and her mother passed away in the fatherland in 1872. Mrs. Bunten was horn in Germany in 1854 and was educated in her native land. She came to the United States when a young girl of fifteen, going first to Wisconsin, and in 1880 journeyed to California. She became the mother of five children: Mrs. Minnie C. King, who was born in California in 1881 ; Mrs. Clara H. Holing, who was born in Port Susan, Washington, in 1883 ; Bertha, who was born on the ranch in Snohomish county in 1886 ; and William H., Jr., and Walter M., who were also born on that place. After her husband's death Mrs. Bunten cultivated the farm with the assistance of her sons and there passed away January 26, 1911. She was a member of the Evangelical church, with which Mr. Bunten was also affiliated, and in politics he was a stanch republican, never faltering in his allegiance to the party. He was a fine type of the Washington pioneer and enjoyed to the fullest extent the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. 698 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY William H. Bunten, Jr., attended the Island school and aided in the work of plowing, planting and harvesting, gaining valuable experience along agricultural lines. After his father's death he took charge of the homestead, which he operated for his mother during the remainder of her life, and the estate was afterward divided among the children. The subject of this sketch is now living on a portion of the ranch, on which he conducts a small dairy, and also raises hay and root crops. His place is improved with substantial buildings and neat fences and in the cultivation of the soil he utilizes the most effective methods. He is a member of the Cooperative Creamery Association of Arlington and takes a keen interest in the dairy industry, which has brought prosperity to many residents of the county. He lends the weight of his support to every worthy public project and possesses those qualities which make for strong and enduring friendship. Mr. Bunten was married March 30, 1912, to Miss Blanche Clapsadle, who was born in Seattle, Washington. Her parents were George and Anna Clapsadle, the latter a native of Sweden and now a resident of Seattle. Mr. Clapsadle was born in Pennsylvania and made agricultural pursuits his life work. The family numbered six children, of whom Gladys, the second in order of birth is deceased. The others are Blanche, Ellen, Ethel, Frank and Alvin. Mr. and Mrs. Bunten became the parents of three children: Irene, who was born January 14, 1913 ; Leonard, born April 15, 1914 ; and George, who was born December 10, 1915, and died April 22, 1917. GEORGE A. KING George A. King is well known throughout his section of Snohomish county, where he has not only attained a fine measure of material success, but has also used his influence in every possible way to advance the prosperity and general good of the community. He was born on the 19th of June, 1864, at Liverpool, Onondaga county, New York, and is a son of Adam and Katharina (Bahn) King, both of whom were natives of Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany. They came to the United States in October, 1855, settling in Liverpool, New York, where the father followed his trade, that of a basket weaver, up to the time of his death, which occurred December 18, 1914, when he was eighty-three years of age. His wife died September 4, 1919. In their family were eight children, namely : Catherine E., born October 26, 1860 ; Peter J., who was born June 13, 1862, and died January 3, 1915 ; George A., the subject of this sketch; Charlie J., born October 5, 1866 ; William F., born January 5, 1870 ; Katherine C., born May 31, 1873 : Adam F., born March 24, 1875, and Emily F., who was born December 27, 1878, and died April 23, 1901. George A. King was educated in the public schools of his native state and remained at home until May 10, 1884, when he went to Eureka, California, where he followed the trade of a basket weaver for twelve years. In July, 1896, he came to Arlington, Washington, and for two years was employed as a farm hand. In July, 1898, he bought forty acres of land, located four and a half miles west of Arlington, and at that time covered with brush and stumps. To add to the uninviting prospect, the only road near the land was but a trail, and he was compelled to carry on his back all the lumber required in the building of his first house. After finishing it he started to clear the land, and during those early years he also worked out in order to secure money with which to defray current expenses. He now has about ten acres of the land cleared, the remainder being devoted to pasture, keeps ten good grade milk cows, and his principal crops are hay, fruit and vegetables. He is careful and painstaking in his work, up-to-date in his methods and indefatigable in his industry, so that the success which has come to him has been well merited. On November 19, 1899, Mr. King was united in marriage to Miss Minnie C. Bunten, who was born at San Jose, California, a daughter of William H. and Sophie (Eichholz) Bunten, the former of whom was born at Calais, Maine, while the mother was a native of Germany. Both are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. King have four children, namely : Emily C., born August 22, 1900, was married July 31, 1918, to James H. Regan, and they are the parents of two children, Margaret E., born September 18, 1919, and Donald J., born May 12, 1924. Hattie S., born September 13, 1902, died January 1, 1918. Charles A., born November 3, 1907, is now a senior in the Arlington high school. Catherine A., born September 17, 1911, is a freshman in the same school. Mr. King is a member of the Dairymen's Association and the Arlington Cooperative Creamery, of which he was president for four years, auditor for four years, and has been president again continuously since 1920. He is a republican in his political views and has taken an active part in local public affairs, being an earnest advocate of good roads. He is HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 699 deeply interested in education and served fifteen years as a member of the school board. He is generous in his support of all worthy causes, and by his consistent life he has won the universal respect and esteem of the entire community in which he lives. HANS C. BORRESON The record cf Hans C. Borreson is that of a man who by his own unaided efforts worked his way from a modest beginning to a position of influence and independence and is now numbered among the successful farmers of his locality. His life has been of unceasing industry and perseverance, and the worthy methods which he has followed have won for him the unbounded confidence of his fellow citizens. Mr. Borreson was born in Norway on the 22d of September, 1859, and is a son of Zacharias and Inger Borreson. The father engaged in farming and also followed the business of fishing. He and his wife are both deceased, he dying in 1877 and the mother in 1884. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Zacharias, Carl, Aaen, Christian, Inga B., deceased, Inga B. and Hans C. The last named was reared at home and attended the public schools until sixteen years of age, when he went to sea. During the ensuing eleven years he followed that vocation, sailing all over the world. His voyages took him to Australia, Africa, India, China and other foreign countries, and he was thus afforded a fine opportunity for observation, of which he took good advantage, being well informed on a wide range of subjects pertaining to the various peoples of the world. In 1886 Mr. Borreson came to Washington, locating at Utsaladdy, Camano island, where he was employed in sawmills for about six years. He established his home on one acre of land, where he built a small but comfortable residence. In 1891 he bought twenty acres of land at Rock Point, one mile from Utsaladdy, where he lived eight years. When he secured the land it was heavily covered with timber, which he cleared from a part of the land and also built a house. In 1899 Mr. Borreson sold that place and purchased forty acres two miles west of Stanwood, on Camano island, and here stood a small log cabin. He applied himself to clearing the land and has lived on this place to the present time. In 1914 he sold twenty acres of the land but still operates the remainder, giving his attention largely to dairy farming, in which he has met with a well deserved success. He keeps seven good grade cows, while his principal field crops are hay and potatoes. His land is fertile and productive and under his careful and judicious management, the ranch has provided a very satisfactory income, Mr. Borreson now being comfortably situated. On January 22, 1883, Mr. Borreson was married to Miss Karen Zacharison, also a native of Norway and a daughter of Zacharias and Eliez (Tonnson) Jansen, both of whom died in that country, where the father was a fisherman by occupation. They were the parents of seven children, namely : Serane, Jonas, Karen, Bertha, Tonnes, Karina and Zacharias. To Mr. and Mrs. Borreson have been born seven children : Mrs. Inger Lamke, who lives in Seattle and is the mother of two children, Jack and Bobbie ; Soplius, of Everett, who is married and has a son, Stanley ; Mrs. Henrietta Knapp, of Los Angeles, California, who is the mother of a son, Kenneth ; Brostrup, of Stanwood, who is married and has three children, Lowell, Marjory Ann and a baby ; Carl, a resident of Kelso, Washington ; Mrs. Emma Sophia Eide, who is the mother of a daughter, Gloria ; and Marcellius Harry, who died in infancy. Mr. Borreson is a member of the Dairymen's Association and has been active in his support of all local measures for the betterment of the public welfare. He has taken an intelligent interest in public affairs and rendered effective service for several years as a member of the school board at Utsaladdy. He and his wife are members and liberal supporters of the Lutheran church. Mr. Borreson is a man of excellent personal characteristics and during the years of his residence in this locality he has gained the esteem and respect of his fellow citizens. CARL HENRY SPOERHASE In tracing the history of the successful farmer and representative citizen whose name forms the caption to this sketch, it is plainly seen that the prosperity which is his has been attained only by his own persistent and well directed efforts. while his high standing in the esteem of his fellow citizens has been won because of his splendid character and the fine cooperative spirit which he has displayed in the advancement of his community. 700 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Carl Henry Spoerhase was born in Brown county, Minnesota, on the 11th of October, 1870, and is a son of William and Rosamond Flick (Spinner) Spoerhase, both of whom were natives of Germany, the father born in Hanover and the mother in Nassau. The father, who was a brickmaker, came to the United States in 1853, locating in Chicago, Illinois, where he attended school and at a later date worked at his trade. He remained there until 1862, when he went to Minnesota, where he stayed a short time during the Indian troubles, but finally returned to Chicago. Subsequently he went back to Minnesota, locating at New Ulm, where he lived until 1891. He was engaged in contracting and erected a number of the best brick buildings in New Ulni. In 1891 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and took up a homestead at White Horse, where he lived about ten years and then sold it. In 1898 he leased one hundred and twenty acres of land on the Stillaguamish river between Arlington and Silvana and at once proceeded to clear the land, which had been burned over. He built a small house and later a larger one, in which he lived until selling the place in 1912. In that year he moved to Arlington, where he bought a home, and there he resided until his death, which occurred January 6, 1924. He was survived by his widow until 1926, she dying at the age of eighty-two. She had lived a very active and useful life, and was a woman of high character and usefulness, being a doctor to the pioneer residents of this section. In the family were the following children : Carl Henry ; Mrs. Meta Schlomann; William, deceased ; Mrs. Bertha Hiatt ; Mrs. Anton Kraetz ; Alexander ; John G. ; and Louis, deceased. Mrs. Spoerhase also had a daughter by a former marriage, Mrs. Louise Spinner Wrage. Carl Henry Spoerhase attended the public schools of Minnesota and there learned the trade of a moulder. In 1891 he came to Arlington, Snohomish county, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of wild land on the North fork. Building a small log house, he began clearing the land and lived there six years, selling the place in 1897. He then leased forty acres of school land three miles west of Arlington, and at once proceeded to clear it and get it in shape for cultivation. It is now pratically all cleared and produces abundant crops of hay and grain, while sufficient barley and vetch is raised for ensilage. Mr. Spoer-base uses modern methods in his work, utilizing a tractor in his field work, and is in every way up-to-date in the operation of his farm. In 1902 he built a good house and barn and has a very comfortable and attractive home. He milks seventeen good grade Guernsey cows, from which he derives a good income. On July 21, 1920, Mr. Spoerhase was united in marriage to Miss Anna Hoidal, who was born in Norway, a daughter of Martinus and Anna Petrina (Kverneback) Hoidal, both of whom were natives of Norway. They brought their family to the United States in 1900 and settled in Arlington, where the father is now living, the mother having passed away in 1922. JOHN K. HEALY John K. Healy is a well known business man of Everett and one of the substantial and enterprising citizens of this locality, in whose makeup are found many qualities that make for definite success. For fourteen years he has been engaged in the automobile business and in this connection is very widely and favorably known. He started in business life at the bottom of the ladder, which he has mounted unaided, and his position is a most creditable one. Mr. Healy was born on the 5th of October, 1872, in Alpena, Michigan, and is a son of Michael C. and Mary J. (Milroy) Healy, who were residents of that locality for many years. In 1898 the father brought his family to Everett, Washington, where he became superintendent for the Port Susan Logging Company, a position which he held for nine years, or up to the time of his death. The mother also is deceased. John K. Healy was reared under the paternal roof and secured his education in the parochial schools of his home neighborhood. He then learned the trade of horseshoeing, becoming an expert workman, and for ten years was employed at the leading race tracks of the country in twenty-six states of the Union, during which period he gained an enviable reputation for his efficiency as a shoer of race horses. In 1901 Mr. Healy came to Everett, Washington, and was employed at his trade until 1904, when he opened a shop of his own at 3014 Wetmore avenue, which he ran successfully for eight years. In 1912, with his characteristic foresight, he turned his attention to the automobile business, establishing himself as a "wrecker," being the first man on the Pacific coast to engage in that specific line of work. During the years since he has hauled in over three thousand five hundred wrecks, covering the territory between Seattle and Mount Vernon. He has a complete equipment for handling any wrecked car and gives prompt and efficient service. In connection with this he also has a complete repair shop, in which are to be found all machines and tools necessary HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 701 in making all kinds of repairs on any make of car. He likewise carries an extensive stock of new and used parts, having the largest and most complete line of automobile accessories in the northwest. His building is seventy-five by one hundred and twenty feet in size, two stories and full basement, and this space is all in use. He employs twelve men, has two outside salesmen, and utilizes a sales car that delivers goods all over the Puget Sound district. He operates on both a wholesale and retail basis and his business shows a steady increase in volume each year. In 1917 his brother, C. A. Healy, became a member of the firm, which is now known as the John K. Healy Company. In 1905 Mr. Healy was married to Miss Anna Thompson, who died in 1907. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus, being a past grand knight of the last-named order. He is also a member of the Cascade Club and the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Politically he gives his support to the democratic party and takes active interest in public affairs, cooperating in all movements for the upbuilding and progress of his city and county. He is genial and friendly in his social relations, enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout this section of the state and wherever known is held in the highest esteem. J. A. WOOLWORTH Dairying has become one of the most important and valuable departments of farm activity in Snohomish county and in this field of effort J. A. Woolworth has achieved a noteworthy success. He is progressive in his ideas, energetic in his methods and exercises in all of his affairs that sound judgment which is ordinarily called common sense, so that the prosperity which is his has been worthily earned. Born at Morely, Michigan, in 1881, he is a son of Norman and Maggie (Bacon) Woolworth, the former a native of New York and the latter of Canada. His father was in Snohomish county many years ago and in 1898 came here for permanent residence. He paid some attention to farming but made the lumber business his principal occupation up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1915. The mother is still living and resides at Lyman. J. A. Woolworth attended the public schools of Michigan and came to this county in 1902. During the first four years of his residence here he worked in the woods and in sawmills, and then engaged in farming at Pilchuck for several years. He next located on the Noble Harvey farm, which he operated seven years and in 1918 came to his present place. He has two hundred and thirteen acres of land, some of which was cleared when he bought it. He has cleared between fifteen and twenty acres more, besides slashing a considerable tract of the remaining land. Altogether he has about ninety acres cleared, while one hundred acres is in timber and the remainder in pasture. Mr. Woolworth is giving his main attention to dairy farming, for which purpose he keeps about thirty cows, of the Holstein-Friesian breed, some of which are registered. His fertile and well cultivated fields yield good crops of hay and grain, as well as silage crops. The improvements on the place are all up-to-date in character and he is now very well situated to prosecute his operations to the best advantage. In 1905 Mr. Woolworth was united in marriage to Miss Allie Davis, who was born in Portland, Michigan, a daughter of Jesse and Mary (Erdman) Davis, both of whom were born and reared in Michigan. The father is now deceased and his widow is living in Sedro Woolley. Mr. and Mrs. Woolworth have four children, Jessie, Roy, Raymond and Edna, all of whom were born in Snohomish county. Mr. Woolworth has been very active in all kinds of cooperative work and is a director of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association, of which he was one of the earliest members, and also a director of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers' Association. He gives his support to every enterprise calculated to advance the general welfare of the county in any way and has proven well worthy of the confidence which his fellowmen bestow in him. ARNOLD A. FUNK The history of Snohomish county would be incomplete and unsatisfactory without personal mention of those whose lives are closely interwoven with the agricultural development of this portion of the state, for they have largely contributed to the progress and prosperity of the community. Among this number stands Arnold A. Funk, who, though born under a foreign flag, has proven a good citizen in every respect, loyal to all our institutions and public-spirited 702 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in his support of enterprises affecting the welfare of the people. Hard and persistent labor, guided by sound judgment, has brought to him a well deserved success and today he is numbered among the worthy and respected residents of his community. Born in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1863, he is a son of Kaspar and Louise Funk, who spent their lives in the land of the Alps, where the father followed the occupation of farming. They were the parents of four children, Arnold, Elizabeth, Emilie and Bertha. Arnold A. Funk received his education in the public schools of his native land and assisted his father in the operation of the home farm until 1882, when at the age of nineteen years he emigrated to the United States. He located in Allen county, Ohio, where he was employed at farm work for four years. In 1886 he went to northern Wisconsin, where he found work in the lumber camps, following that line until 1890, when he arrived in Seattle, Washington. A few days later he came to Port Susan and went to work in logging camps for Dick Howard, with whom he remained four years. He followed lumbering and timber work until 1908, when he moved onto an eighty acre tract of land which he had homesteaded in 1892, and also bought eighty acres adjoining it. In 1892 he had built a small house on the place and began clearing. He now has about twenty-five acres cleared and in cultivation, raising fine crops of hay and grain. He is giving his main attention to dairying, keeping twenty head of good cows and a fine team of horses. His cattle are of the Guernsey and Holstein breeds and are of high grade. In 1917 Mr. Funk built a fine, modern house, while all of the other improvements on the place are in keeping with it, so that he now has a valuable and attractive farmstead. Mr. Funk is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He kept "bachelor's hall" for a number of years but in 1916 was joined by his sister, who had come to this country with him, but who had been living in the east, and she is now keeping house for him. Tireless energy, keen perception, honesty of purpose and a genius for doing the right thing at the right time are the chief characteristics of the man, and are qualities which, together with his genial and friendly manner, have gained for him an enviable place in the respect and good will of all who have come into contact with him. OLE K. AALBU Ole K. Aalbu, who is now numbered among the enterprising and successful farmers of northwestern Snohomish county, has passed through many vicissitudes since casting his lot with the people of this country, but by persistent and well directed efforts has gained success and commands the respect and admiration of all who know him. He was born in Norway June 21, 1863, and is a son of Knute and Dorothy (Backen) Aalbu, farming folk of that country, of which they were lifelong residents, both being now deceased. They were the parents of ten children, five of whom are living, namely : Ingebret, Ole K., Herlang, Knute and George. Of these, Ingebret, Herlang and George are still in Norway, while Knute is a resident of Everett, Washington. Ole K. Aalbu received his education in the public schools of his homeland and then learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed there until twenty-one years old, when, in 1884, he came to the United States. He first located in Minnesota, where he lived a few months, and then went to Yankton, South Dakota, where he remained until 1902, working at his trade the greater part of the time. In the spring of 1902 Mr. Aalbu came to Everett, Washington, remaining there until 1904, when he bought a blacksmith shop in Stanwood, which he ran for about three years. Returning to Everett, he bought a large blacksmith shop, in which he employed ten men, conducting this until it was destroyed by fire in 1909. The following year he built a shop on Grant street, Everett, which he ran until 1911, when he turned his attention to farming, buying thirty-four acres of land on Koch's slough, near Silvana, this being a part of the old Koch homestead. Only a few acres were at that time cleared, but he finished clearing the land, built a house and barn, and otherwise improved the place, making of it a valuable farm. He lived there about one and a half years, and then went back to Everett and again engaged in blacksmithing, conducting a shop until 1922, when he returned to the ranch and is now carrying on dairy farming with success. He keeps ten good grade cows and raises fine crops of hay and oats, together with peas sufficient for ensilage. He is practical and painstaking in his methods and is well deserving of the prosperity which is crowning his efforts. On October 28, 1893, Mr. Aalbu was united in marriage to Miss Christi Helseth, who is a native of Norway and the daughter of Ole and Marit (Torve) Helseth. Her father came to the United States in 1879 and the mother and daughter in 1882. Mr. Helseth settled in South Dakota, where he took up a homestead, but he was not a farmer and soon afterwards HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 703 gave up his land and turned his attention to railroading, at which he worked until coming west. He is now making his home with his daughter and son-in-law at Silvana. The mother died August 30, 1920. They became the parents of two children, Christi and Sigrid, but the latter died May 30, 1882, at Liverpool, England, while on her way to this country with her mother and sister. Mr. and M rs. Aalbu are the parents of four children, namely : Dorothy Marie, who remains at home ; Oscar, who lives in Seattle ; M rs. Sophie liishman, who died February 9, 1922; and Mrs. Rose Heintz, who lives in Los Angeles, California. WILLIAM 0. JOHNSON William 0. Johnson has spent the greater part of his life within the borders of Snohomish county and his persistent and commendable efforts have benefited alike himself and the community, for he has always had deeply at heart the well being and improvement of the county, using his influence whenever possible for the promotion of enterprises calculated to be of lasting benefit to his fellowmen, besides taking a leading part in all movements for the advancement of the community along material, social and moral lines. He is the scion of an excellent old pioneer family, in fact, Mr. Johnson himself may be said to have come down from the pioneer period, having been a witness of and a participant in the great changes and progress that have taken place here during the past forty years and seen the wilderness give way to as splendid homes and fine farms as any the state can boast of. Mr. Johnson was born in Kansas, May 2, 1878, and is a son of Ivek and Caroline (Alderman) Johnson, the former of whom was born in Norway, March 7, 1817, and is now deceased, while the mother, who is a native of Wisconsin, is now living in this county with a daughter, Mrs. L. H. Larson. In 1881 the father brought his family to Washington, locating on Whidbey island, where they remained about a year, and then returned to Kansas, living there until 1885, when they again came to Washington and this time made permanent settlement. The father had homesteaded a tract of land in Kansas, where he followed farming, but on coming to this county he first devoted his attention to fishing, which he later gave up for farming. For about a year he lived at Mukilteo, and then bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, comprising the present home of our subject, to which the father moved and thereafter devoted his energies to clearing the land and to the development of a farm. He came to the land by boat and so dense was the growth of brush that he had to clear a place for landing. On the place was a fine growth of spruce timber but there were no roads in the locality, it being necessary to bring lumber from Snohomish and pack it to the new location for a house. By years of persistent and untiring effort the tract was eventually cleared and was developed into one of the best and most productive farms in the locality. Mr. Johnson was always fond of trapping, hunting and fishing, which he followed much of the time during the summer, spending the winters in clearing his land. He gave a good deal of attention to dairying, taking his butter and milk to Everett. All of the improvements on the place were made by him and it now ranks among the most valuable and desirable ranches of the locality. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson were born four children, William 0. having three sisters, namely : Sarah, who is the wife of L. H. Larson, and lives near the home place ; Julia, the wife of V. W. Hazelton ; and Freddia, who was drowned in a slough when about ten years of age. William 0. Johnson secured his education at the Parker school, to which he had to go most of the way by boat, and he has spent practically all his life on the home place, to the improvement of which he has devoted himself with very satisfactory results. He is thoroughly practical in everything he does, is a man of sound and mature judgment, and has ably carried forward the splendid work inaugurated by his father. He is now devoting his attention mainly to dairying, keeping a nice herd of milk cows and a registered Guernsey bull, and he raises sufficient feed and roughage on his farm to care for his stock. In 1904 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Margaret Dullahant, who was born in Missouri, a daughter of Mathew and Margaret (McMann) Dullahant. Her father, who was a native of Ireland, died in 1910, while her mother, who was born in New York state, is now living in Oregon. The family came to Washington many years ago, locating east of the mountains, but removed to Snohomish county in 1902, the father buying the Manley place, near the Johnson homestead. In 1905 he sold his farm to our subject's father and moved to Everett, where he resided until his death. He was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been born two sons : William Ernest, who is a student in the State Agricultural College at Pullman, Washington; and Iver Mathew, who is in high school. The family has always been prominent in local public affairs, standing for all that is best in community life, and our subject's father rendered effective service in the early days as a mem- 704 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY ber of the school board. William 0. Johnson was formerly a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Daughters of Rebekah. He is connected with the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and supports every measure for the benefit of the farmers of the county. Though quiet and unobtrusive in manner, he is a man of forceful individuality, is kindly and generous in disposition, and friendly in his relations with those about him, so that he has long enjoyed an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. JOHN L. CAMPBELL For thirty-six years a resident of Snohomish county, John L. Campbell has experienced many phases of pioneer life in this region and one of the productive, well improved ranches on the river road in the vicinity of Darrington is the visible result of his life of industry and rightly directed endeavor. A native of Canada, he was horn May 30, 1870, on Prince Edward island, which was also the birthplace of his parents, Ronald and Mary (Dailey) Campbell. The latter passed away on that island in 1871, John L. being the only son of his father's first marriage. Ronald Campbell was of Scotch descent and followed the occupation of a ship builder and also engaged in agricultural pursuits. He resided on his native island until 1902, when he came to northwestern Washington and made his home with his son John until his demise on September 3, 1910. John L. Campbell received a public school education and aided his father in tilling the soil. In 1888 he started out for himself and for some time worked in logging camps near Seattle, Washington. In 1890 he proceeded to Arlington and took up a tract of one hundred and sixty acres five miles west of Darrington. There were few settlers in the district and no road nearer than Oso. He blazed a trail to his place ; built a small house of logs, and applied himself to the difficult task of clearing his land. In order to obtain a livelihood he worked for others during several months in the year and as time passed he prospered in his undertakings, never fearing that laborious effort which must always precede advancement. Since 1902 he has devoted all of his time to the development of the ranch and now has about twenty acres under cultivation. The place is efficiently managed and ranks with the best in this locality. Mr. Campbell has nine Guernsey cows of good grade and his principal crops are hay, grain and potatoes. His standards of farming are high, and his work is care fully planned. Mr. Campbell was married January 10, 1902, to Miss Elizabeth Creedican, a daughter of Michael and Mary (Clarke) Creedican. Her father was born in England, and his parents were natives of Ireland. He became a miner and carpenter and in 1883 sought the opportunities of the United States. He lived for four years in Pennsylvania and then came to the Puget Sound country, settling in King county, Washington. His wife was born in Ireland in 1857 but went to England in early life and they were married in that country. To Mr. and Mrs. Creedican were born eight children : Thomas, Ann, Elizabeth, Mary, Patrick, James, Joseph and Margaret. Elizabeth was born August 29, 1880, and resided at home until her marriage. Mr. Creedican passed away August 11, 1911, and his widow now makes her home in Tacoma, Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell have a family of eight children. Mary, the oldest, received a good business education. She was married November 29, 1922, to Clifton Roy English and is living in the city of Tacoma. The others are Catherine Ann, Clara Agnes, Catherine Marguerite, Helen Elizabeth, Joseph Francis, Edward Donald and Robert Louis. Mary is a native of Tacoma but the younger children were born on the homestead at Darrington. The family are communicants of the Catholic church, and Mr. Campbell is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and Snohomish Aerie of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is an adherent of the republican party and for several years has been a member of the White Horse school board. He is ever ready to serve his community when needed and merits and receives the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. JAMES R. PIERSON Among the men who have in a very definite way contributed to the development and improvement of Snohomish county specific mention should be made here of James R. Pierson, who owns and operates a fine dairy farm near Hazel and who has cooperated with his fellow citizens in many ways in advancing the public welfare. He was born in Harrison county, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 705 Missouri, on the 15th of February, 1866, and is the son of William and Katherine Pierson, the former of whom was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the latter in Iowa. The father was for a number of years engaged in farming in Missouri but in 1869 went to Kansas, of which state he was a pioneer, and he lived there until April, 1888, when he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land near Oso. He resided there for a number of years, but eventually moved to Seattle, where his death occurred February 15, 1900. His wife died in Kansas, January 21, 1874. They were the parents of five children, namely : Margaret M., who died May 24, 1874 ; Elmira Hess, who died in November, 1894 ; Sarah A. ; James R.; and Elizabeth J. James R. Pierson received his education in the public schools of Kansas, to which state the family moved when he was but three years old. He remained on the home farm until 1887, when he came to Stanwood, Washington, and from there went up the river to Oso, where he took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres. The land, which is located fifteen miles east of Arlington, was heavily covered with timber, with no road, and Mr. Pierson helped to make a trail almost to Trafton. He built a small split-cedar cabin and then entered upon the task of clearing the land and getting it into shape for cultivation. He made splendid progress and lived there until 1898, when he sold the place and moved on to his father-in-law's homestead one mile west of Hazel. The farm had a small house on it. Mr. Pierson at once purchased seventy acres of the place and a few years later bought the interests of the other heirs to the remainder of the farm. He is now cultivating about forty acres and also has sixty acres fairly well cleared. He has made many fine improvements, including the erection of a good set of farm buildings, and is well equipped for successful and up-to-date farming. He raises splendid crops of hay and some grain and is giving a large part of his attention to dairying, keeping twenty-one head of pure bred Ayrshire cattle and a registered bull. He has brought the place up to a high state of efficiency according to modern standards, maintaining his own electric light and water plant. He put in nineteen hundred feet of pipe line, through which pure mountain water is conducted from a never-failing spring on the hill above his house, and has it piped to all parts of the buildings, also using it as power with which to generate electricity. On February 17, 1895, Mr. Pierson was united in marriage to Miss Linnie E. Higgins, who was born in Pettis county, Missouri, and is a daughter of Walter D. and Hettie E. (McCormick) Higgins, the father a native of Kentucky and the mother of Missouri. Mr. Higgins followed farming in the latter state until 1887, when he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, and in June of the following year he filed on a homestead one mile west of Hazel, where he lived until his death on December 14, 1898. His wife died February 8, 1876. They were the parents of six children, as follows : Sarah A., who died October 16, 1878 ; Mary J., who lives at Amarillo, Texas; Alonzo M., who died in 1865 ; John B., who died on February 24, 1921 ; Leander D., who died May 13, 1882 ; and Linnie E. Mr. and Mrs. Pierson have three children, namely : Hettie M., who was born at Oso, took a business course and is now employed as a bookkeeper, though living at home ; James D. and John W., who were born on the old homestead and are at home. The Pierson ranch is known as "Pioneer Home," which name has clung to it for man years from the fact that in early days the homeseekers who came through this locality found there a hospitable welcome and a stopping place while getting settled. Of the homeseekers, Mrs. Pierson wrote the following for the twentieth anniversary of Mr. Higgins' settlement : THE HOMESEEKER OF '88 On the upper Stillaguamish Sometime you may chance to go, So a few words of this country Just twenty years ago. With its mountain peaks and valleys, Its crystal shining brooks, It was a peaceful realm of nature Wherever you might look. When the weary homeseeker A home to locate Wandered out into the backwoods In eighteen eighty-eight. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY No sound of engine's whistle, No sound of rumbling train, Just the patter, patter, patter, Of gently falling rain. It was up the Stillaguamish river He happened to roam At the foot of old Mount Higgins He chanced to build his home. In the shade of the forest giants Where he industriously began to clear Near the haunts of the cougar The bear and the nimble deer. The drum of the distant pheasant The cry of the meddlesome jay Was all the welcome for the stranger To a home so far away. With a canoe for a buggy And a paddle for a whip A trusty Indian for a driver Down the river he would slip. When a cabin made of logs A fire place made of soil Seemed a palace fit for a king After a long hard day of toil. After tramping up the river Forty-five miles from town Over logs and under logs Up hill and sometimes down. Then a pheasant for a soup bone A salmon for a steak Were welcome dishes to a pioneer When the canoe came in late. The hoot of the sly old owl And the lonesome camp-robber's cry Were enough to give him the blues Did he give up his homestead and fly? No, the wish of the weary homeseeker Was a cabin and a piece of land With a small roll of paper called a pateni All a gift of good Uncle Sam. On the banks of this beautiful river Where salmon and mountain trout play The rancher with spear and fish pole Whiled many happy hours away. But now the mighty lumbermen Many of our forest giants have slain And brought us back to the people And civilization again. We hear the lumbermill's whistle And the train that is sometimes late. It takes us to the modern world Of nineteen hundred and eight. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 707 Mr. Pierson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has served, many years as a member of the school board and in every possible way has endeavored to advance the best interests of his community. He has been an indefatigable worker, has exercised sound judgment in all of his operations, and the success which has crowned his efforts has been well merited. He has long been regarded as one of the leading citizens of his section of the county and is therefore eminently entitled to representation in its history. NILS M. LINDQUIST In summing up such a career as that of Nils M. Lindquist it is possible in a work of this character to touch only on the more important facts, giving the keynote to the character and eliminating all that is superfluous. He has led an active life and by his excellent judgment and his safe and conservative methods he has attained a very satisfactory degree of success, being the owner of a fine, well improved farm three miles west of Arlington. Mr. Lindquist is a native of Sweden, born on the 17th of February, 1866. His parents, Nels and Eva Lindquist, were lifelong residents of Sweden, where they died, the father in 1876 and the mother in 1908. In their family were ten children, of which number three are living, namely : John F., a resident of Granite Falls, Snohomish county ; Mrs. Jennie Johnson, who lives in San Francisco, California, and Nils M. Nils M. Lindquist was educated in the public schools of his native land and was later employed in a factory there until 1885, when he came to the United States. He first settled in Idaho, where he worked in sawmills for about ten years. In 1895 he came to Silvana, Snohomish county, Washington, and worked out for about a year, at the end of which time he bought thirty-five acres of land three miles west of Arlington, a part of the old Bunten homestead. At that time the land was heavily covered with timber and brush, and after building a small log house Mr. Lindquist began clearing the land, it being now practically all cleared. In 1904 he built a new barn and in 1911 the original home was replaced by a fine, modern house, which is very comfortable and attractive. Mr. Lindquist owns sixteen good grade Guernsey cows and a registered hull, and from his fertile fields he gathers fine hay and root crops. He is a thoroughly. practical man in all that he undertakes, and the success that has crowned his efforts here has been well merited. In 1900 Mr. Lindquist was married to Miss Laura Hoidal, who was born in Norway, and whose death occurred February 10, 1910. Her parents were Martinus and Anna Patrina (Ianbacken) Hoidal, of Volden, Norway, who came to the United States in 1911. To Mr. and Mrs. Lindquist were born five children, namely : Eva, who died in infancy ; Mrs. Annie Ferreri, a resident of San Francisco, California ; Mrs. Eva Johnson, who lives in Arlington and is the mother of a daughter, Elaine ; Martin and Irene, the last named being in high school. In September, 1911, Mr. Lindquist was united in marriage to Miss Tilda Marie Anderson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Lars and Petronella (Hanson) Anderson, the former of whom is still living in Sweden, while the latter died in 1919. They had five children, namely : Anders, deceased; Theodor ; Tilda Marie ; Herman and Gustay. By his second marriage Mr. Lindquist has a son, Carl Magnus, born June 28, 1914, and now a student in grammar school. Cloverdale farm, as the Lindquist home is called, is comprised of rich and fertile bottom land and under its owner's excellent management has become a most valuable and desirable property. Mr. Lindquist is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and also belongs to Arlington Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. Personally he is a man of strong character, sound opinions and cordial manner ; has a host of warm friends, and has long been numbered among the progressive and representative farmers of his section of the county. ELIAS L. LAND During the major portion of his active life Elias L. Land has been a resident of Washington and is a worthy representative of one of its pioneer families. His life has been one of signal usefulness and honor, and his memory links the early pioneer period, with its primitive surroundings and equipment, inseparably with the later era of prosperity and achievement. As a representative farmer of his district and one of its pioneer citizens, he is eminently entitled to a place in this work. Mr. Land was born in Calmar, Winneshiek county, Iowa, on the 15th of September, 1863, 708 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and is a son of Lars and Helene (Sherven) Land. His parents were born in Norway, the father in Ringareeke and the mother in Hademarken. They came to the United States about 1846, the sailing vessel on which they embarked requiring six months to make the passage. They located in Wisconsin when the cholera epidemic was prevalent in that section of the country. During the first year Mr. Land worked for a farmer but in the fall his employer had no money with which to pay him, so he took as his pay a yoke of oxen. He bought another yoke and then started for Iowa. Having no wagon, he walked all the way, leading the animals. Arriving at his destination in the early spring, he took up a homestead about ten miles from Decorah, Iowa, of which locality he was a pioneer, and he developed a good farm, living there until 1873. He then moved to Ottertail county, Minnesota, where he secured eighty acres of land, on which he resided for twelve years. In 1885 he came to Stanwood, Washington, and bought five hundred and eighty-six acres of land on Camano island, one mile west of Stanwood. Two hundred and fifty acres of the tract was rich bottom land, the remainder being high, and all was covered with a dense growth of timber, the only improvement on the place being a small house in which he lived for a few years, later occupying a splendid residence which he built on the hill. He gave his attention closely to the improvement of the place, doing a good deal of dyking, and then, as rapidly as the land was cleared, he put it under cultivation. He continued to live here until 1910, when he sold out and removed to Stanwood, where he spent his remaining years. Of the twelve children born to him and his wife seven are living, namely : Mrs. Oleana Domrud, Mrs. Lizzie Kincaid, Elias L., Mrs. Molly Ouale, Carl, Mrs. Anna Levorsen, and Lawrence, who lives in Seattle. Elias L. Land received his education in the public schools of Iowa. Coming with his parents to Washington, he assisted his father in the dyking and improvement of the land on Camano island. He has lived on this place continuously since, a period of over forty years, and has done his full part in the development of the farm, as well as contributing to the general progress and improvement of the locality. In 1891 Mr. Land purchased one hundred and twenty acres of his father's estate and a few years later built a fine house of seven rooms, one of the best residences in the district at that time. His principal crops have been oats and hay, and he has also given considerable attention to dairying, keeping a nice herd of milk cows. He has devoted himself closely to his ranch and its present condition and appearance indicates him to be a man of good judgment and excellent taste. He has gained a high measure of success through his indomitable and persistent efforts and is regarded by his fellow agriculturists as an enterprising and progressive farnler. On June 28, 1888, Mr. Land was married to Miss Sigrid Leque, a daughter of N. P. and Marie Leque, extended mention of whom will be found on another page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Land have been born four children, namely : Nels, born January 1, 1904, who remains at home ; Mrs. Helen Ketelsen, a resident of Tacoma, Washington, who was born in October, 1905 ; Lars, born in September, 1907, who was accidentally drowned October 18, 1921 ; Harold, who was born in November, 1911, and is now attending the Stanwood schools. Helen is a graduate of the Stanwood high school. Mr. Land is a member of the dairy association and has been an active supporter of all local enterprises for the public good. He rendered appreciated service as a member of the school board and also served as an instructor in manual training in the Camano school. He has been deeply interested in the maintenance of the highest possible standard in school work and has also been an earnest advocate of good roads, which he considers most important in the progress of any community. He is a man of wide general information, a close reader and keeps in touch with the great questions of the day, so that he has been influential in his community. CHARLES JULES Charles Jules, who for over twenty years has been chief of the Snohomish tribe of Indians, located on the Tulalip reservation, near Marysville, Snohomish county, was born on the reservation in 1846 and is a son of Sehi-ham-kin, a full-blood Indian, who was born at Skykomish, Washington, while his mother, who died when he was a small boy, was born at Snohomish. Our subject's grandfather, who was chief of the Snohomish Indians, had a large village where Blackman's mill now stands and lived there all his life. Sehi-ham-kin died on the Skykomish river. He had a large family, who married and settled all over the Puget Sound country, several of the daughters marrying white men. Charles Jules received his education at the mission school under Father Chirouse, a French priest, who was Indian agent for four years at the Tulalip reservation. After CHARLES JULES MRS. CHARLES JULES HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 713 leaving school, Mr. Jules inherited an orchard from Father Chirouse at Priests' point, where he lived four years, and also operated a small general store for the Indian trade, in which business he was successful. He also engaged in logging with an outfit of oxen, and in three months he had paid off three thousand five hundred dollars of indebtedness and had six hundred dollars left, which at that time was a record for logging by an Indian. He followed that business for about twelve years. In 1866 he went to work on a farm, which occupation he followed for ten or twelve years, and he also had a good apple orchard and all kinds of small fruits. About 1878 Mr. Jules returned to the reservation, where he has lived continuously since. He is the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of reservation land, forty acres of which are cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in pasture and woods. The ranch is now leased. Mr. Jules has been twice married, first, in 1866, to Philomina, who was born on the reservation, a daughter of John and Mary Sasice. To this union were born thirteen children, of whom the only one living is Ognes, who is the wife of Joseph James, and they have a son, Anthony James, who was born on the reservation. Mrs. Philomina Jules died in 1895 and in 1900 Mr. Jules was married to Margaret, a daughter of Aybegod, a full-blood Skagit Indian. To them were born two children, Margaret, who died at the age of ten years, and Felix Charles, who died when eight years old. At the Tulalip Indian fair of 1915, Mrs. Jules received a certificate of merit on her exhibits of bread, butter and pie. She is also a very skillful weaver of woolens, and also an artistic basket weaver. Mr. Jules was elected chief of the Snohomish Indians on the Tulalip reservation in 1905, previous to which time he had served as sub-chief for five years. He also served as judge of the Indian court of Tulalip for seven years. A man of honest motives and sound judgment, he has long held the absolute confidence and respect of Indians and white men alike, and by his industrious and useful life he has been a worthy representative of his people for many years. LEWIS H. LARSON Lewis H. Larson, one of the best known farmers in the vicinity of Everett and one of Snohomish county's representative citizens, was not favored by inherited wealth or the assistance of influential friends, but in spite of this, by perseverance, industry and good judgment, he has attained a comfortable station in life. -While he has labored diligently for his own advancement, he has at the same time been diligent in his efforts to forward the general interests of the community and has attained a high standing among his fellow citizens. Mr. Larson was born in South Dakota in 1881 and is a son of Hans and Johannah (Bergerson) Larson, the former of whom was a native of Norway, while the latter was born in Wisconsin, her marriage to Mr. Larson occurring in South Dakota. The father came to the United States in young manhood, locating first in Wisconsin but later going to Iowa. Eventually he homesteaded a farm in South Dakota, near Branton, to the operation of which he devoted himself until 1886, when he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and bought one hundred and sixty acres of land near Stanwood. At that time there were no roads in that locality and he was compelled to use boats to get supplies to his place. The land was densely covered with standing timber and he devoted himself untiringly to the task of clearing the land and developing a home. About thirty acres are now cleared. More than this was cleared but the river has washed away ti,an3r acres of the best land. Mr. Larson remained on this place until his death, which occurred in August, 1925. Lewis H. Larson secured his education at the Florence school near Stanwood and spent his early years on the home place, assisting his father in the development and operation or the farm. In those days they got out many thousand shingle bolts. Butter, eggs and milk were the principal products of the farm, which they sold at Stanwood. In 1907 Lewis H. Larson went east of the mountains and homesteaded a tract of land near Quincy, Grant county, where he remained until 1912, proving up on the lard. which he still owns, as well as other property there. In 1912 he came to Snohomish county and purchased eighty-nine acres of the old Johnson farm, to which he has since devoted himself, making many fine improvements. and developing it into a very valuable home. He is giving his attention largely to dairying, keeping twenty-five milk cows and a registered Guernsey bull, and he has been very successful in this line. His land is well cultivated and very productive, so that he raises practically ail the feed and roughage for his stock. He has about fifty acres of the place cleared, and the general appearance of the land and buildings indicates him to be a man of good taste and excellent judgment. In 1909 Mr. Larson was married to Miss Sarah Johnson, a daughter of Iver and Caro- 714 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY line (Alderman) Johnson, the former of whom was born in Norway, October 17, 1843, and is now deceased, while the mother, who is a native of Wisconsin, is now making her home with Mrs. Larson. In 1881 Mr. Johnson brought his family to Washington, locating on Whidbey island, where they remained about a year, and then returned to Kansas, where he lived until 1885, when he again came to Washington. He had homesteaded a tract of land in Kansas, where he followed farming, but on coming to Snohomish county he first devoted his attention to fishing, which he later gave up for farming. For about a year the family lived at Mukilteo and he then bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, comprising the present home of his son, W. 0. Johnson, to which he moved, thereafter devoting himself to clearing the land and developing a farm. He came to the land by boat and so dense was the brush on the place that he was compelled to clear a place for landing. The land was covered with a fine growth of spruce and there were no roads in that locality, it being necessary to pack in the lumber for the new house. In the course of time the tract was all cleared and became a valuable farm. Mr. Johnson did a good deal of fishing during the summer months in those early years, spending the winters in clearing his land. He carried on dairying chiefly, taking his milk and butter to Everett. To him and his wife were born four children, namely : W. 0., who is represented by a separate sketch on another page of this work ; Mrs. Sarah Larson; Julia, the wife of V. W. Hazelton; and Freddia, who was drowned in a slough when about ten years of age. Mr. Larson's career has been marked by hard and continuous labor but has been rewarded by a fine measure of prosperity, so that he has long been numbered among the successful and enterprising citizens of his locality. He is a man of splendid business ability and excellent discrimination, and by a course of right living and attention to his obligations to the community, he has gained the confidence and respect of his fellowmen. OTTO E. JOHNSON Otto E. Johnson, a well known farmer living near Granite Falls, is a native of Sweden, born on the 18th of November, 1868, and was there reared and educated. In 1893 he emigrated to the United States, locating in Minneapolis, Minnesota, which was his home for seventeen years. In 1910 he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and in the following year he bought twenty acres of land near Granite Falls. The land had been logged off but was covered with stumps and brush, which required a vast amount of hard work to remove. In the course of time he got the land under cultivation and has given his attention mainly to dairy farming, in which he has met with marked success. He keeps a herd of good grade Ayrshire and Guernsey cattle and raises hay and grain, a part of his land being in pasture. In 1892 Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Emma Mangeson, whose death occurred March 30, 1926. To them were born the following children : Ernest Miller, who lives at Lake Stevens, is married and has two children. Richard Miller, who resides at Pine-hurst, is married and has one child. Edna, who is the wife of Tyler Atkins, lives in California and is the mother of three children. Hilfreda is the wife of Arthur McKay, of North Bend, Washington, and they have one child. Esther is the wife of John Weber, who lives on the home place. Bertle is at home. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and takes an interest in everything relating to the prosperity of the farmers of his county or the general progress and development of the community. He is held in high regard by all who have come in contact with him. ADOLPH NELSON A product of the west, Adolph Nelson is thoroughly imbued with the qualities of energy and determination and although young in years, he has already become recognized as one of the leading dairy farmers of the Marysville district. A native of Snohomish county, he was born March 16, 1894, and his father, Lars C. Nilson, was a native of Sweden. He was born November 7, 1855, and received a common school education. He aided his father in the cultivation of the home farm and in 1887 came to the United States in the hope of bettering his fortunes. He arrived in Marysville, Washington, on the 10th of August of that year and took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, situated on the Kellogg marsh, four and one-half miles northeast of the town. It was heavily timbered and could HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 715 be reached only by a trail, thus necessitating the packing of all supplies. In order to support. his family he worked as a day laborer for about ten years and through laborious effort finally succeeded in clearing his land. He was one of the earliest settlers in this district and experienced all of the hardships and privations of life on the frontier. At his death on January 23, 1903, he had twelve acres under the plow and twenty-five in pasture. He was one of the pioneer dairymen of the county and aided materially in the development of this important industry. He was a stanch adherent of the republican party and an earnest member of the Lutheran church. Mr. Nilson was a devoted husband and father, a steadfast friend, a public-spirited citizen, and a man whom to know was to esteem and admire. In 1876 he married Miss Nettie Anderson, a daughter of Anders and Mary (Munson) Anderson, natives of Sweden, and six children were born to them, namely : Mrs. Hilda Myers, who is the wife of a well known shoe merchant of Marysville and the mother of seven children; Fred, who is married and lives in this vicinity ; Ida, who is the wife of Michael Phillips, of Everett ; Gusta, who was united in marriage to Max Eggert, of Lake Stevens, Washington, and has three children ; Adolph ; and Christina, who is the wife of George Drake, of Lowell, this state, and the mother of three children. Adolph Nelson received a public school education and aided his father in the tasks of plowing, planting and harvesting, forming habits of industry and thrift early in life. In 1917 he responded to the call to the colors, joining Company L, and was assigned to duty with the Thirteenth Infantry, a unit of the Eighth Division, with which he served until the close of the World war. After his honorable discharge he returned to his native county and has since operated the home ranch. His well tilled fields yield abundant harvests and he also conducts a dairy. He is deeply interested in his work and as agriculture progresses as a science he advances with it. Stable in purpose and quick in perception, he makes his labors count for the utmost and his record sustains the high reputation which has ever been borne by the family. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and takes a deep interest in the activities of that organization and in all worthy public projects. In 1920 Mr. Nelson married Miss Mabel Holmberg, a native of Kansas and a daughter of Nels and Christina (Knutsen) Holmberg. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson have become the parents of four children : Evelyn, Aileen, Viviai and Norman. W. A. GUNDERSON W. A. Gunderson is successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits on the old homestead on which he was born, situated three miles north of Stanwood, where he owns fifty acres of rich delta soil. His birth occurred on the 17th of March, 1884, his parents being Peter and Brynhild (Larson) Gunderson, natives of Norway. Among the men who have steadily worked their way from poverty to affluence in Snohomish county, coming within its bounds in pioneer clays and toiling steadily with brain and brawn in an effort to subdue the land and render its riches available to man, the worthy pioneer, Peter Gunderson, is deserving of a prominent place. Not ambitious for political preferment or personal aggrandizement, he joined the honest toiling class who are the real strength and the proudest boast of any community. Coming to the Stanwood country in the middle '70s when land of good quality could be had for from ten to fifteen dollars per acre, he has seen the same lands advance until they are now worth fifteen times that sum. He has had his full share of profit from this advance, and is entitled to a full share of the credit for helping to bring it about through his contributions to the general progress. Peter Gunderson was born in Norway, August 26, 1846, the son of Gudman Gunderson, who also was a native of Norway, born June 15, 1814, but who came to America with his family in 1866. He lived in Minnesota a year, then went to South Dakota, where he farmed until his demise in 1888. Johanna (Peterson) Gunderson, the mother of Peter Gunderson, was born in Norway, June 29, 1815, and died in South Dakota in 1895. Peter Gunderson lived with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-two, when in 1868 he began working for agriculturists. He was thus employed and in farming on his own account in South Dakota until 1876, in which year he came to Snohomish county, Washington. Purchasing eighty acres of land three miles north of Stanwood, he began in good earnest the struggle for a competency. The land had been partly diked and he completed the process as soon as possible. To his original property sixty acres more were added, and the whole has been cleared, diked and brought to a high state of cultivation. While Peter Gunderson gave most of his attention to hay and oat raising, frequently harvesting one hundred bushels to the acre on the average of the latter crop, he was a believer in 716 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY diversified farming and kept fifteen dairy cows besides other cattle, fifty head of sheep and a few hogs and horses. He has every reason to be, and is, well satisfied with the Stilla-guamish country. His appreciation of its worth was, he says, heightened by a three-month visit to his old home land, which he made some twenty-eight years ago. While it is true that such men as he would get along well wherever their lot might be cast, it is also true that he owes to the resources of the Stanwood country, as well as to his own energy and good judgment, the fact that he became the owner of one hundred and forty acres of bottom land worth over two hundred dollars per acre. He acquired in addition one hundred acres of land on Ebey island, also some lots in Everett, and a dwelling in Mount Vernon. He is now in his eightieth year and since about 1910 has lived retired at Conway, Washington, where he makes his home with his daughter, Mrs. Marie Holte. In the state of Minnesota, in 1868, Peter Gunderson married Miss Brynhild Larson, daughter of Linus Larson, a native of Norway, who eventually came to Minnesota and passed away there some thirty years ago. Her mother was also a native of Norway, and she also died in Minnesota. Mrs. Gunderson was born on Independence Day in 1846 and was in the sixty-ninth year of her age when she departed this life on the 17th of February, 1915. She and Mr. Gunderson had the following children, namely : Julia C. Lund, Mrs. Paulina B. Brant, Henry Bertram, Mrs. Josephine M. Fahlgren, Mrs. Marie Holte, Mrs. Martha Ovenell, Elmer, Emma, George, Ella E. and W. A. The family belongs to the Lutheran church, and in politics Mr. Gunderson is a republican. W. A. Gunderson, whose name introduces this review, acquired his early education in a public school north of Stanwood and subsequently pursued a general business course in Parkland College at Tacoma. Thereafter he learned the butcher trade and for a time was engaged therein as manager for the Silvana Trading Union. In 1904, when a young man of twenty, he made his way to Alaska, where he spent one year in prospecting for gold. After returning to Snohomish county he devoted his attcntion to the cultivation of the home farm for two years, after which he embarked in the butcher business on his own account, being thus engaged until 1911. He then leased his father's ranch and four years later, when his father divided the property, he received fifty acres of the land as his share. Forty acres of the tract, which lies three miles north of Starmood, he devotes princjpally to the cultivation of hay and grain, producing excellent crops annually. Mr. Gunderson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and keeps fifteen head of good grade cattle as veil as a team of horses. An attractive, substantial residence stands on his fine farm on the Pacific highway. He has ever been a strong champion of good roads and schools and is widely recognized as one of the representative, enterprising and prosperous citizens of the community. On the 17th of May, 1915, Mr. Gunderson was united in marriage to Jennie Irene Armstrong, a native of King county, Washington, and a daughter of John and Ellen (Healy) Armstrong, the former born in County Kerry, Ireland, and the latter in New York city. John Armstrong emigrated to the United States in 1880 and settled in Larimore, North Dakota, where he remained in the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company until about 1888. He then made his way to Washington and for some years followed railroading in this state. It was about 1910 that he came to Stanwood. For a period of three years he leased the farm of John Anderson in the vicinity of Florence. He was called to his final rest on the 21st of August, 1917, and is still survived by his widow, who makes her home in Seattle. Their family numbered five children, namely : Nellie, who is a resident of Seattle ; Mrs. Agnes Tennis, living at Burlington, Washington ; Mrs. Katie Raw-ley, who makes her home in Seattle ; Mrs. Annie Tourtilotte, also a resident of Seattle; and Jennie Irene, the wife of W. A. Gunderson. ADOLF HALLER An enumeration of the enterprising and representative foreign-born citizens of Snohomish county would be incomplete without specific mention of Adolf Haller, whose fine farm is located in the Arlington district, for since casting his lot here he has stamped the impress of his individuality upon the community and has gained high standing among the successful men of the locality. Born in the canton of Aargan, Switzerland, on the 17th day of September, 1880, he is a son of Karl and Louise (Hochstrasser) Haller, still living in that country, where the father is a shoe merchant. They are the parents of eight children, Adolf, Karl, Matilda, Max, Paul, deceased, Freda, Mina and Paul. The surviving children are still living in the old country except Adolf and Max, the latter living in California. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 717 Adolf Haller secured a good education in the public schools of his native land and then learned cheesemaking, which he followed until 1900, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Alexander, New York, where he was employed on farms for about six months. He then went to Berlin, Nevada, where he worked in the gold mines two years, at the end of which time he removed to Hollister, California, where he was employed as a farm hand for one year. He next went to San Jose, California, and worked on a fruit farm about a year, after which he came to Seattle, Washington, and obtained work in a big dairy at Kent, three hundred cows being milked. After two years there, he went to Great Falls, Montana, and worked on a sheep ranch about a year. Going to Seattle he worked on a dairy ranch about a year and in 1906 returned to Nevada, working in the mines at Tonapah and Goldfield and also doing some prospecting on his own account. From there he went again to Hollister, California, and worked in a vineyard for a while, after which he returned to Seattle and during the following two years was employed on a dairy farm. In 1919 Mr. Hailer leased a dairy ranch at Machias, Washington, for five years, and then leased another ranch there for one year. On March 1, 1925, he bought forty acres of land on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river, between Arlington and Granite Falls, this being a part of the old John Nushe homestead, which was filed on in 1887. Over half of his land was cleared, the remainder being in woods and pasture, and here he has engaged in dairy farming, keeping ten good grade Holstein and Guernsey cows and meeting with success. His productive land yields fine crops of hay, oats and corn, as well as potatoes. He is methodical and up-to-date in his operations and maintains his place in the best possible condition, so that it presents a very attractive appearance. On October 26, 1911, Mr. Haller was married to Miss Marie Bircher, who also was born in the canton of Aargan, Switzerland, a daughter of Nickolaus and Elizabeth (Huwiler) Bircher, farming folk. The father is still living there, but the mother passed away in 1909. They were the parents of six children, Elsie, Marie, John, Xavier, Joseph and Babette. Mr. and Mrs. Haller have four children : Elsie, born April 27, 1913 ; Carl, February 27, 1915 ; Freda, May 15, 1917 ; and Paul, August 3, 1919. Mr. Haller is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He takes a live interest in everything affecting the welfare or prosperity of his community. Kindly and cordial in manner, he has won a wide acquaintance in his locality and has gained the sincere esteem of all who have come into contact with him. MRS. SIGNE HEGGEM Among the well improved and productive farms of the vicinity of Bothell is that owned and operated by Mrs. Signe Heggem, who has shown herself a capable and enterprising farmer, conducting her affairs with sound judgment that has enabled her to carry forward her work with success and profit, and has gained for her the respect of all who know her. Mrs. Heggem was born in Norway in 1864 and is a daughter of Ole and Aasil (Noraberg) Bulie. The mother died in her native land, and the father subsequently came to the United States, bringing his daughter with him. He located in Iowa, where he engaged in farming, but later retired and moved to Lake Mills, Iowa, where he lived for a time, eventually coming to Washington and making his home with Mrs. Heggem until his death, which occurred in 1922. Mrs. Heggem was about eight years of age when she accompanied her father to this country and she secured her education in the public schools of Iowa. While still a young lady she entered the employ of B. B. Fixen, of Albert Lea, Minnesota, in whose undertaking establishment she was employed to trim caskets and do other upholstering work. In Minneapolis she became the wife of Martin Heggem, of Minnesota, but a native of Norway and the son of H. and Mary Heggem. He came to the United States in young manhood, locating in Minnesota, where he followed the cabinet making trade, until 1887. He then came to Snohomish county, taking up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, all of which was covered with timber and brush. He at once set to work to clear the land, making excellent progress. He built a nice house, a substantial barn and other necessary farm buildings, and also set out an orchard of various kinds of fruit, which is still in good bearing condition. Besides clearing and operating his farm, Mr. Heggem also engaged in building contracting, in which he was successful, erecting a number of houses. He was a man of fine character, took deep interest in public affairs and was a member of the school board for several years. He possessed to a marked degree those personal attributes which commend a man to the good favor of his fellowmen and enjoyed the respect and confidence of the entire community, his death being deeply regretted by all who knew him. To Mr. and Mrs. Heggem were born six children, as follows: Henry, deceased; Alma, the wife of H. G. Fredericks, of Seattle, Washington ; Minnie, who is the wife of C. E. Hovard, 718 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of Long Beach, California, and is the mother of a son, Robert ; Olga, who graduated from the Seattle high school in 1915 and from the State Normal School at Bellingham in 1920, and has since been engaged in teaching in this state ; Clara, who graduated from the Seattle high school in 1918 and later from the Metropolitan Business College in Seattle, and was for a time a stenographer in California but is now attending the State Normal School at Bellingham; Ole, who is a graduate of the Bothell high school, class of 1923. Mrs. Heggem is a lady of genial and hospitable impulses, who makes a pleasing impression on all with whom she comes in contact, and is very popular throughout the circle of her acquaintance. MRS. MATHILDA REINSTEDT Mrs. Mathilda Reinstedt, whose splendid farm home is located near Bothell, was born in Sweden in 1861 and is a daughter of John and Johanna Piercer, both of whom remained lifelong residents of their native land. She received a good education in the public schools and in 1880, at the age of nineteen years, she came to the United States, locating first in Chicago, where she found employment, and remained there until 1886, when she returned to Sweden. In the fall of that year she became the wife of Andrew Reinstedt, who also was born and reared in that country. In 1889 they sailed for the United States, coming direct to Snohomish county, where they took up a homestead. Mr. Reinstedt at once entered upon the task of clearing and cultivating the land. He erected a set of substantial farm buildings, made many other desirable improvements on the place, and engaged in dairy farming, in which he met with gratifying success to the time of his death, which occurred in 1923. Since then Mrs. Reinstedt and her son Ned have continued the operation of the ranch, which is now numbered among the best farms of this locality. To Mr. and Mrs. Reinstedt were born five children, as follows : Ellen L., who is employed as a bookkeeper in a wholesale candy house ; Julia, the wife of James Riddell, of Seattle ; Mamie, the wife of Barth Kameron, of Everett ; Ned, who is a veteran of the World war and is now assisting his mother in the operation of the home farm ; and Arthur M., who lives in Seattle. Mrs. Reinstedt is a member of the Lutheran church. She is a lady of kindly and hospitable impulses, has nobly done her part in life and she enjoys the esteem of all her acquaintances. Mr. Reinstedt was a man of industrious habits, of excellent character and splendid personal qualities, took a commendable interest in the development and up-building of the community in which he lived and so ordered his actions as to gain an enviable place in the confidence and respect of those who knew him, his death being deeply regretted throughout the locality. HAAKON T. ENGER In every community some men are known for their upright lives, strong common sense and moral worth rather than for their wealth or political standing. Their neighbors and acquaintances respect them and when they "wrap the drapery of their couches about them and lie down to pleasant dreams" posterity listens with reverence to the story of their quiet and useful lives. Among such men in Everett was the late Haakon T. Enger, who was not only a progressive man of affairs, successful in material pursuits, but a man of modest and unassuming demeanor, a fine type of reliable, self-made man, and one who always stood ready to unite with his fellow citizens in every good work. Mr. Enger was a native of Norway, born on the 22d of August, 1861, and was a son of Torston and Karen Enger, also natives of that country, where the father died. The mother accompanied her son Haakon to this country and remained with him until her death, receiving from him loving care and attention during all the years of her life here. Haakon Enger attended the public schools of his native land and was then employed as a grocery clerk. In 1861, when about twenty years of age, he emigrated to the United States, locating in Minnesota, where for a time he engaged in the grocery business. Later he turned his attention to the laundry business, in which he engaged for about five years, when he sold his business and in 1900 came to Everett, Washington. After living here for a time, he engaged in the grocery business at Thirty-ninth street and Rucker avenue, in which, by careful management and painstaking attention to the wants of his patrons, he built up a large and prosperous trade, thus continuing to the time of his death, February 21, 1924. Mrs. Enger afterward HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 719 ran the business for about six months and then sold the stock and fixtures and now rents the building. Mr. Enger was married to Miss Oleo Hall, who was born in Norway in 1858, a daughter of Oley T. and Halen Hall, who spent their entire lives in their native land. Mrs. Enger left Norway in 1878 and went to Minnesota, where she visited with an uncle for a time. She then went to Minneapolis, where she met and became the wife of Mr. Enger. To this union were born five children, namely : Henry, who is in the employ of the New Way Laundry Company, at Everett ; Clara, deceased, wife of John De Shans ; Olga, who became the wife of Elmer Buehrer, who is chief engineer at the state capitol, at Olympia, and they have two children, Robert Elmer and Margaret ; Inga, the wife of Ed Messenger, who is engaged in the insurance business in Everett ; and Emil C., who is a teacher by profession. He has taught in the schools at Stanwood, Edmonds and Alderwood Manor, as well as a number of years in the high school at Snohomish, and is now living in Everett. He was married to Miss Olga Gray-rock, whose parents, A. B. and Carrie Gravrock, came to Everett in 1903 and are still residents of this city. Mrs. Emil Enger, after completing her course in the Everett public schools, attended Columbia College. Henry Enger is a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Mrs. Oleo Enger is a member of the Modern Brotherhood of America. Mr. Enger was a republican in his political views and was deeply interested in everything affecting the welfare and prosperity of his community. The family are communicants of Our Savior's Lutheran church, to which they give generous support. Two brothers and two sisters of Mr. Enger are also now living in Everett. Mr. Enger was a man of sterling character, marked business ability and indomitable industry and throughout the years of his residence here held an enviable place in the confidence and good will of the entire community, his death being looked upon as a distinct loss to the locality which had been honored by his residence. OLIVER ANDERSON Studiousness, combined with industry and thoroughness, has brought Oliver Anderson to the fore in professional circles of Everett, which numbers him among its prominent attorneys and self-made men. A native of Minnesota, he was born November 6, 1883, and was very young when his parents, Alexander and Olive Anderson, migrated to Washington. They located in Hamilton and in 1890 settled in Snohomigh, where the father established himself in business, becoming well known as a railroad contractor. In 1894 he opened a grocery store in Seattle and is still a resident of that city. Oliver Anderson attended the public schools of Snohomish and Seattle, afterward entering the law department of the University of Washington, from which he was graduated in 1904. He began his professional career in Seattle, where he practiced for twelve years, and since 1916 has maintained an office in Everett. His cases are carefully prepared and in their presentation he is forceful and convincing, while his deductions are at all times logical. He is well grounded in the fundamental principles of the law and enjoys a liberal clientele. On November 25, 1925, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Ann M. McCumby, of Everett, a daughter of Mrs. Anna Carter. Mr. Anderson is a republican in his political views and along fraternal lines he is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. A tireless worker, he has steadily progressed in a most exacting profession and is esteemed for the qualities which have made possible his success. CHARLES OLSON Charles Olson, a pioneer of Snohomish county, now engaged in farming near Bothell, is a native of Sweden, where he was born on the 15th of October, 1851, a son of Lars and Christina Olson, neither of whom ever left their native land. They became the parents of eleven children, five of whom are living, two in Sweden and three in the United States—Charles and two sisters who live in Chicago. Charles Olson was reared on the home farm and in 1881, at the age of thirty years, came to the United States, first locating in Chicago, Illinois, where he remained until 1903, when he came to Snohomish county and bought seventy-nine acres where he now lives. The land was heavily covered with timber but Mr. Olson now has most of it cleared and in cultivation, while all of the improvements on the place, in the way of house, barn and outbuildings, are sub- 720 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY stantial in character and attractive in appearance. He also has a nice orchard, embracing a variety of fruits, for family use. In 1890, in Chicago, Mr. Olson was married to Miss Hulda Verlius, who also was born and reared in Sweden and who came to the United States in 1887, locating in Chicago, where she met her future husband. To Mr. and Mrs. Olson have been born two children: Florence C., who is a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now engaged in teaching, and Ruth M., who is attending college in Seattle. Mr. and Mrs. Olson were reared in the faith of the Lutheran church. Politically he gives his support to the republican party and has taken an active interest in local public affairs, having served eight years as a member of the local school board. Because of his clean and straightforward life, his fine public spirit, his business success and his friendly manner, he commands the respect of all who know him. M. L. STEVENSON The Pacific northwest is a splendid field for youth and enterprise and, fully cognizant of this fact, M. L. Stevenson has accomplished much in his brief business career, taking his place with the leading merchants of Everett, his native city. He was born in 1901 and is a son of A. D. and Katherine (Langan) Stevenson. His mother was born in Minnesota and the father is a native of Illinois. He came to Washington in the '80s, during territorial days, and has since been identified with financial affairs. He first settled in Lowell and is now assistant cashier of the Citizens Bank of Everett. M. L. Stevenson was graduated from the Everett high school and afterward took a two years' course at the University of Washington, specializing in business administration. In 1917 he obtained a position as clerk with a local shoe firm and found the work much to his liking, rapidly assimilating the details of the trade. In May, 1922, he was in position to establish a business of his own and opened "The Bootery" at No. 2825 Colby avenue. He handles ladies' shoes and hosiery and carries a complete stock of both lines. His merchandise is of high quality and his prices are moderate. His store has found favor with a desirable class of patrons and his trade is rapidly increasing. On February 11, 1925, Mr. Stevenson was united in marriage to Miss Grace Donovan, a daughter of M. and Louise (Gowen) Donovan. Her parents settled in Everett during the formative period in its history and her father has long been identified with the lumber industry. Mr. Stevenson is a faithful communicant of the Catholic church and his fraternal connections are with the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Lions Club, a business men's organization, devoted to Americanism, and is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce and Delta Tau Delta. Of keen mind and forceful personality, he is ready to meet the obligations of life with confidence and courage, and that he is a young man of substantial worth is indicated by the place which he holds in the esteem of Everett's citizens, with whom his life has been spent. MATTHEW BIRCKENMEIER Matthew Birckenmeier, a worthy pioneer came to the locality where he now lives near Arlington over forty years ago, filed on one of the first claims in that section, and has been a resident here continuously since, during which period he has taken an active part in the great work of transforming the wilderness into cultivated fields, while he has also ardently supported every enterprise which has been calculated to advance the interests of the county. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, July 28, 1861, and is a son of Joseph and Anna Marie (Belsler) Birckenmeier, both of whom were natives of Germany, the father born in Baden and the mother in Wurtemberg. They came to the United States in 1852, settling in Chicago, where they spent their remaining years, the father dying in 1886 and the mother in 1920, at the age of ninety-seven years. They were the parents of four children, Peter, Henry, Julia and M., the three eldest of whom still live in Chicago. Matthew Birckenmeier received his education in the parochial schools of his native city and was apprenticed to learn the potter's trade at which he worked for two years. He then went to Memphis, Tennessee, where he worked for awhile on a plantation, and later was employed at farm work in Kansas and Nebraska. In 1879 he went to Lake City, Colorado, where he worked in the mines. In the fall of that year he returned to Kansas, where he lived two years, going again to Colorado in 1881, working on a railroad. Later he went back to Kansas, HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 721 remaining there until the spring of 1883, when he went to California, and a few days later came to Washington. Arriving at Seattle March 29th, he lived there until May, 1885, being employed the greater part of the time as a carpenter, and also worked for a time for Governor Squires, who later became United States senator from this state. Mr. Birckenmeier then came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, and, going up the Stillaguamish river, filed on one hundred and sixty acres of land, one mile south of Arlington, on May 5, 1885. The land was covered with a dense growth of cedar, fir and hemlock timber and, after building a small shack of split cedar he began slashing the timber and clearing the land. Two years later he built a good split-cedar house, in which he is still living. He cleared a good part of the bottom land and part of the upland, selling the timber to 0. P. Cummings, who logged it off. In 1889 Mr. Birckenmeier bought three hundred and twenty acres of land from the Port Blakely Mill Company, later added sixty-six and two-thirds acres adjoining the town of Arlington on the east, and still later secured four hundred and eighty acres, all adjoining, and to which was finally added another tract of three hundred and twenty acres. Since then he has sold forty acres of the home ranch and the sixty-six-acre tract, and also donated eight and a quarter acres to the Pioneer Association of Stillaguamish for a picnic park so that he now owns over twelve hundred acres of good land. He has always had great faith in this section of the country, believing that there is a wonderful future ahead of it, and has been deeply interested in watching the progress and development which has taken place since lie came here. He advocates good schools and improved highways and in the early days rendered effective service as a member of the school board. He also served one term as justice of the peace. Mr. Birck-enmeier is of a studious nature, possessing a splendid and well-selected library, and is well versed in the law. A gentleman of splendid personal qualities, throughout the community where he lives he commands the highest measure of respect and esteem. CONCRETE PRODUCTS COMPANY One of the most prosperous and substantial manufacturing concerns of Everett is the Concrete Products Company, of which A. W. Swartz is president and Leo Swartz, secretary. This well known concern was first established by Pettit & Company in 1904, who conducted the business until 1910, when it was reorganized as the Harbor City Cement Company, under which name the business was run until 1919, when A. W. Swartz bought the plant and has since operated it under the name of the Concrete Products Company, makers of concrete piping and similar products. Six to twelve men are employed and the company is enjoying a large and steadily increasing business, being now numbered among the leading local industries. They have a large and well equipped plant, modern in every respect, and are prepared to fill any orders, regardless of size or specifications. Leo Swartz, the capable secretary of the Concrete Products Company, was born in Paulding county, Ohio, in 1886, and is a son of Joseph and Mary Swartz, who in an early day came to Granite Falls, Snohomish county, and took up a homestead where the Waite Lumber Company's plant is now situated. Here the father opened one of the first shingle mills in that locality, which he operated for many years, but is now retired from active business and is living in Seattle. Leo Swartz secured a good public school education, graduating from high school, and then entered the University of Washington, at Seattle, where he took a general engineering course and was graduated in 1914. He then became identified with his brother in the concrete business, which he has followed continuously since. He is a man of good ability and has devoted himself clo'sely to the building up of the business. He was married to Miss Louise Wilcox and they have two children, Virginia and Ruth. Fraternally he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and he has won a host of warm friends throughout this community. A. W. Swartz, president of the Concrete Products Company, was born in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1888, the son of Joseph and Mary Swartz. After completing the high school course, he entered the University of Washington and was graduated with the degree of Civil Engineer in 1914. In 1918 he enlisted in the World war, as a member of the Thirty-second Squadron of the British air service, went overseas and was on active duty in the bombing section in France. At the close of the war he returned to Everett and engaged in his present business, to which he has devoted himself indefatigably. He takes a deep interest in public affairs and supports all enterprises for the upbuilding or advancement of the community. Politically he maintains an independent attitude, voting according to his best judgment as to men 722 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and measures. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Loyal Order of Moose and the American Legion, and also belongs to the Everett Rotary Club. A man of candid and straightforward manner, frank and kindly in all his relations, throughout this locality he holds an enviable place in the confidence and good will of his fellow citizens. JOHN C. BAILEY Among the early pioneers of Snohomish county stands John C. Bailey, who has been a resident of this section continuously for forty-three years, during which time he has loyally performed his full part in the development and improvement of the county. He was born in lower Canada, in April, 1864, and is a son of John C. and Hannah Bailey, both also natives of that country, where the father followed farming. His family numbered nine children six now living. John C. Bailey was reared on his father's farm and secured his education in the public schools. When sixteen years old he came to the United States, locating first in New Hampshire, where he obtained work as second cook in a lumber camp, thus spending two years. Later he became cook in another logging camp, remaining there two years, and in 1883 came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead of one hundred and fifty-two acres, whereon he is still living. The land was covered with timber and brush but he at once began to clear it and in the course of time developed a splendid farm. He has made many improvements, including a full set of farm buildings, and has also planted a large variety of fruit trees. He makes a specialty of dairy farming, keeping about thirty head of good grade Holstein cattle and a thoroughbred sire. In July, 1890, Mr. Bailey was united in marriage to Miss Alma Erickson, who was born in Sweden, a daughter of Swan and Britta ( Johnson) Erickson, both of whom remained lifelong residents of their native land. Mrs. Bailey came to the United States in 1887, on a visit to friends in king county, Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have been born eleven children, five of whom are deceased, the survivors being as follows : Agnes, who graduated from the Everett high school and the State Normal School at Bellingham, and who has taught school for the past ten years ; Albert, who is married and has a son; William, Alvin and Daniel, at home ; and Hattie, a college student in Seattle. In every relation of life Mr. Bailey has been true to every trust and has so ordered his actions as to win the respect and esteem of his host of acquaintances throughout this section of the county. JOHN RASMUSSEN The true western spirit of progress and enterprise has been exemplified in the career of John Rasmussen, who is the owner of a fine dairy farm and truck garden near Marysville, Snohomish county. Eminently a self-made man, having carved his own way in the world, he has won not only pecuniary success, but also a high place among the wide-awake farmers of his section of the county. He was born in Denmark, May 3, 1870, and is a son of Christ and Alicia Rasmussen, who died in Denmark. John Rasmussen was reared at home and had the advantage of a public school education. He then learned the trade of boat builder, which he followed in Denmark until 1902, when he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to Everett, Washington. For a few years he was employed in the mills at Everett and then spent several years in the mill of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company. In 1908 he bought thirty-four acres of land south of Lowell, on which he engaged in farming for twelve years, when he sold that place and bought one hundred and fifty-eight acres near Hartford. Later he sold that tract and bought nine acres at Blackman's Lake and a short time afterwards bought back his old place at Lowell. In 1923 he sold these tracts and purchased twenty acres of land near Marysville and here he is now engaged in dairy farming and raising vegetables for market. He has a splendidly improved ranch and by reason of his careful direction the place is returning him a nice income for the labor and expense which he has put into it. On May 6, 1892, Mr. Rasmussen was united in marriage to Miss Mary Johana Nelson, who also is a native of Denmark, and to them have been born seven children, namely : Carrie, who lives in Everett ; Christian, who is engaged in the automobile business at Lowell, this county ; Hans, who is farming south of Lowell ; Peter, who is farming at Sunnyside, near Everett ; HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 723 Nels, who is a barber at Arlington and lives at home ; Ella, the wife of James O'Toole of Everett ; and Esther, a high school student. In his political views Mr. Rasmussen is a republican and is interested in public affairs. He belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and is an advocate of all things that tend to better the condition of his community along material, civic or moral lines. Because of his energetic methods and his wise discrimination he is enjoying a well-deserved measure of success and stands high in the estimation of all who know him. JOHN R. ROBB John R. Robb, a worthy native son and representative agriculturist of Snohomish county, was born on the old homestead at Norman on the 22d of January, 1883. His parents, Robert and Sarah Jane (Rowe) Robb, were both natives o f Perth county, Ontario, Canada, the former born on the 24th of February, 1853, and the latter on the 24th of March, 1857. Robert Robb received his education in his native province and was a youth of seventeen years when in 1870 lie crossed the border into the United States and settled in Washington. He worked in a logging camp at Port Blakely for two years and in 1872 came to Snohomish county, purchasing a relinquishment to eighty acres of land on the river, five miles southeast of Stanwood. He resolutely set himself to the task of clearing the tract o f the woods and heavy timber which covered it and built a small log cabin thereon. The remainder of his life was spent on this place, the boundaries of which he extended by an additional purchase of twenty acres and all of which he cleared. In April, 1876, lie planted some fine cherry trees which were among the first in Snohomish county. His death, which occurred on the 10th of September, 1919, when he had attained the age of sixty-six years, was sincerely mourned throughout the community. Robert Robb was one of the earliest settlers on the lower Stillaguamish river and was a man of the highest integrity, greatly esteemed by all his neighbors. In 1882, in Seattle, Robert Robb was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Jane Rowe, who is still living on the old home place. They became the parents of eight children, as follows : John R., of this review ; Mrs. Elizabeth Wilton, twin sister of John R.; Mrs. Martha Ellis, at home ; Mrs. Marie Lee, a resident of Redmond, Washington ; Mrs. Isabella McCaulley, deceased; Mrs. Sarah Miner, living at Clearlake, Washington ; and James and Robert, twins. John R. Robb acquired his education as a public school pupil at Norman and after putting aside his textbooks assisted his father in the work on the home ranch. Since the latter's death he has operated the place for his widowed mother, his well directed labors being attended with excellent results. He keeps a fine herd of dairy cows and also intends to go into the poultry business, having recently built a chicken house. On the 7th of October, 1912, John R. Robb was married to Martha Sealand, a native of Mitchell, South Dakota, and a daughter of Jacob and Lena (Leeland) Sealand, both of whom were born in Norway. The father emigrated to the United States about forty years ago and lived in South Dakota prior to his arrival in Washington in 1897. He now lives on Vashon island. Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Sealand are the parents of a son and a daughter, 0. Bert and Mrs. Martha K. Robb. The latter has become the mother of three children, namely : Arnold, who was born on the old home place on the 13th of September, 1913, and who is now attending grammar school ; Leona Sarah Marguerite, whose natal day was February 12, 1915 ; and Marvin T., who was born June 20, 1917, and died three days later. WILLIAM MULLER William Muller, who has resided within the borders of Snohomish county for nearly four decades, owns and operates a well improved farm of forty acres at Oso and has an excellent herd of Jersey and Guernsey cows. His birth occurred on the 13th of August, 1854, in Hanover, Germany, where he was reared and educated. When a young man of twenty years he crossed the Atlantic to the United States, made his way to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and obtained work on a boat on Lake Michigan, being thus employed for about three years. During the succeeding ten years he traveled about the country, visiting various places, and then in 1887 took up his permanent abode in Snohomish county, Washington. Here he first secured a homestead claim comprising one hundred and sixty acres of timber land on Jim creek, of which he subsequently disposed, and then bought his present place of forty acres in Oso. There are many substantial improvements on the property, in the cultivation of which Mr. 724 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Muller has gained a Ivell merited measure of success. He is the owner of a fine herd of Jersey and Guernsey cows. In 1896 Mr. Muller was united in marriage to Miss Mary Hansen, a native of Wisconsin. They are the parents of two daughters and a son, namely : Sophia, who is a nurse by profession ; Addie, the wife of Charles Kindle o f Monroe, Washington ; and William, at home. Mr. Muller is a stanch republican in politics and is widely known as a public-spirited, enterprising and loyal citizen of the community in which he makes his home. He has served on the school board for two years and also made a commendable record in the capacity of road supervisor, which position he filled for four years. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Lutheran church, the teachings of which he has exemplified in his daily life. Coming to the new world in young manhood, he here found the opportunities which he sought and through their wise utilization has not only won prosperity but also the high regard and esteem of his fellow citizens. H. W. BORTNER, M.D. Dr. H. W. Bortner is an able young physician of Sultan who well deserves recognition among the representative members of the profession in Snohomish county. His birth occurred at Union City, Indiana, on the 26th of March, 1889, his parents being Joshua and Ella (Von Botzong) Bortner, natives of Berlin, Germany, who emigrated to the United States in the year 1856. The father, who was a cabinetmaker by trade, is deceased, but the mother still survives and makes her home in Indiana. In the acquirement of an education H. W. Bortner pursued a high school course, and having determined to prepare himself for the work of a physician, he then matriculated in the medical department of Ohio State University at Columbus, Ohio, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1914. Thereafter he spent a period of two years and four months as assistant to the professor of medicine at the university and then opened an office at Senecaville, Ohio, where he continued in practice for two years. On the expiration of that period he made his way to the Pacific northwest, locating at Sultan, Washington, in February, 1917. In the following April, this country having become involved in the World war, he enlisted in the medical corps of the United States army, with which he saw sixteen months' service in France on five different fronts. He was honorably discharged with the rank of captain in October, 1919, and subsequently resumed the practice of his chosen profession at Sultan. He has kept in close touch with the advanced thought of the profession through his membership in the Snohomish County Medical Society, the Washington State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, being a fellow of the last named. In early manhood Dr. Bortner was married to Miss Ruth Wysong, of Winchester, Indiana. They are the parents of a daughter and three sons, namely : Mary Ellen, Henry W., James William and Robert Wysong. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise Dr. Bortner has supported the men and measures of the republican party. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Greek letter society Alpha Mu Pi Omega. He has gained many warm friends during the period of his residence at Sultan, and at all times he has conformed his practice to the highest professional ethics, thus winning the respect and confidence of his professional colleagues and contemporaries. OTTO BOETTNER Otto Boettner, who since 1906 has been engaged in the tailoring business in Everett and is classed with the representative business men of the city was born in Jonesboro, Union county, Illinois. In March, 1903, when a young man of twenty-four years, he came to Everett, Washington, and secured employment as cutter in a tailoring establishment, while three years later he embarked in the tailoring business on his own account at 1418 Hewitt avenue, where he has thus remained continuously to the present time. He was successful from the beginning and through the years his patronage has steadily grown. An expert tailor himself, he employs none but the best workmen and the quality of work turned out by him will always pass the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 725 most rigid inspection. He employs eight persons in his shop and commands the representative trade of this city and surrounding country. In his political views Mr. Boettner has always been aligned with the republican party and has taken a keen interest in public affairs, giving his support to every measure that promises to be for the benefit of the community along material, civic or moral lines. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and also belongs to the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Boettner owns a splendid home at Silver Lake. His life has been one of untiring activity crowned with success. He is a progressive citizen and deserves fitting recognition among those whose enterprise and ability have achieved results that have won the admiration of their fellowmen. His integrity and fidelity have been manifested in every relation of life and he holds an enviable place in the esteem and confidence of the entire community. JOSEPH DOULL Although one of the more recent additions to mercantile circles of East Stanwood, Joseph Doull is a business man of broad experience and his enterprise and ability are bringing him rapidly to the fore in the local trade. A native of Scotland, he was born in 1882 and his parents, John and Isabel Doull, are still residents of that country. He was reared on his father's farm and received a public school education. He was an apprentice in the shop of a London merchant and learned the clothing business in England. When a young man of twenty-seven he came to the United States and in 1909 located at Baker, Montana. For about five years he was manager for the firm of J. Lang & Son, general merchants, and in 1914 he decided upon an independent venture. He opened a clothing store in Baker and was so successful that in 1916 he increased the scope of his activities, also handling ready-to-wear garments. In 1918 he embarked in the clothing business at Ekalaka, Montana, and for about six years was the owner of the three stores, building up a large business. In July, 1924, Mr. I)oull disposed of his interests in Montana and came to Washington, locating in East Stanwood. He is the proprietor of a fine store and carries a large stock of shoes, also handling ready-to-wear clothing for men. The business is conducted along up-to-date lines and he has already secured a large share of public patronage. In 1906, while in England, Mr. I)oull was united in marriage to Miss Eda Tattersell and they now have a daughter, Isabel Jane. Mr. Doull is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Commercial Club, while his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the democratic party. His prosperity is not due to any fortunate combination of circumstances hut is the result of hard work, good management and honest dealing. Mr. Doull has closely allied his interests with those>I East Stanwood and is proving a valuable addition to its citizenship. HERBERT L. ROBINSON Herbert L. Robinson, owner of the American Dye Works, at Everett, has devoted himself indefatigably to his business affairs and at the same time has not been neglectful of his obligations to the community, whose best interests he has ever had at heart. Mr. Robinson was 'born in Tacoma, Washington, on the 20th day of December, 1889, and is a son of Saul and Yetta Robinson, both of whom are natives of Germany. They emigrated to the United States and in 1889 located in Tacoma, where the father followed the tailor's trade. In May, 1900, he came to Everett and established the American I)ye Works, which he ran for a number of years with success but is now retired from active business affairs. His wife is deceased. Herbert L. Robinson secured his educational training in the public schools, graduating from the Everett high school, and then devoted his efforts to assisting his father in the dyeing business, and on the retirement of the father took over the business, which he is now conducting. This concern has long been numbered among the most successful works of its kind in this section of the state and there has been a steady and continuous growth in the volume of business. Twelve people are employed and three wagons are required to collect and deliver work. Mr. Robinson is giving his undivided attention to the business, with every phase of which he is familiar, and the success which is crowning his efforts is well deserved. 726 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY On June 6, 1921, Mr. Robinson was married to Miss Pauline Bunning, of New York, and they are the parents of a son, Philip. Fraternally Mr. Robinson is a member of the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, to the Rotary Club and the American Legion, being the present commander of Earl Falkner Post No. 6. In 1917 Mr. Robinson enlisted in the Artillery and served fourteen months. In his political views, he is an independent republican. ROBERT H. ANDERSON The family of which Robert H. Anderson is a representative were numbered among the earliest settlers in Snohomish county and bore their full part in the great task of clearing and developing the splendid land which here awaited the touch of the pioneer to become what it is today—one of the best counties in the commonwealth. Mr. Anderson was born January 14, 1891, on the farm where he now lives and is a son of W. O. and Annie (Bailey) Anderson, the former of whom was a native of Kentucky and the latter of England. They are both now deceased, the father having died on this farm in 1906 and the mother April 4, 1924. When seventeen years old, the father came to the Pacific coast and made a trip to the Puget sound country and Alaska in 1860, having first engaged for a few years in logging in the Green river district. He was next at Marysville, Snohomish county, for several years, logging and running logging camps. While living at Marysville he was married in Seattle. He then took charge of the Cathcart logging camp at Lake Beecher, which he ran until about 1892. In the meantime he had taken up a timber claim, comprising the present Anderson farm, which at that time was virgin land, untouched by the hand of man. There were no roads or even good trails, so it was necessary to bring all his supplies by canoe. For eight years Mr. Anderson rented and lived on the Ben Stretch ranch, but in 1900 he located on his own land, to the improvement of which he at once devoted his attention, continuing to live there up to the time of his death. He took an active part in the development of the community, doing a good deal of free road work, and in various ways proved a good citizen and dependable neighbor. In 1898 he was employed by the government to pack supplies to the stations in Alaska, which claimed his attention about a year. He was a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and took an active part in public affairs, serving as a member of the school board and as road supervisor. To him and his wife were born six children, as follows : William, who died at the age of ten years ; Robert H., the subject of this sketch; Mrs. Margria Bergsma, who now rents part of the home place ; Emmaline, who is the wife of L. H. Williams, and has a son, Robert ; Clarence ; and Mark, who is married. Robert H. Anderson spent his early years on the ranch with his father and since the latter's death he has operated the farm. He now has about eighty acres cleared and carries on dairy farming, having thirty head of milk cows and a registered Holstein bull. He raises good crops of hay and grain and has met with a very gratifying measure of success here. His record has been such as to gain for him the unstinted respect and admiration of his fellow citizens, among whom he is regarded as one of the representative men of this section of the county. ERICK JOHNSON The history of Snohomish county is the record of the steady growth of a community planted in the wilderness within the last half century, with industry as the basic element on which progress has been built. The people who reclaimed the wilderness were strong-armed, hardy men who hesitated at no difficulty and for whom hardships had little to appall. Among this class is the prominent farmer and enterprising citizen by whose name this article is introduced. While his arrival was not as early as some, yet he came in the formative period and has done much to develop the wonderful resources of a county that now occupies a proud position among the most progressive sections of the commonwealth. A native of Norway, Erick Johnson was born on the 2d of August, 1856, and is a son of Jorgen Olsen and Breita Husby, who were farming folk in their native land, and both are now deceased. They were the parents of four children, Ranguild, deceased, Erick, Breit and Ole. Having received his educational training in the public schools of his homeland, Erick Johnson worked on farms and railroads until 1882, when, desiring a field of larger personal oppor- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 727 tunity, he came to the United States, settling at Ishpeming, Marquette county, Michigan, where for four years he was employed in the iron mines. In the spring of 1886 he came to Stanwood and soon afterwards preempted one hundred and sixty acres of land three miles northeast of Cedarhome. At that time there were no roads to his land, which was heavily encumbered with timber and brush, and the outlook was anything but encouraging. However, Mr. Johnson had come here to make a home and how successful he was in carrying out his purpose is evidenced in the present prosperous and well-improved condition of his farm. There were no sawmills in this vicinity and his first house was built of split cedar. During those earlier years he worked out some in order to earn money for current expenses. Those were hard and strenuous days but he is now enjoying the fruits of his labor and is very comfortably situated. He keeps ten good milk cows and his principal crop is hay, most of the remainder of the land being excellent woodland pasture. In 1904 he built a good house and the other farm buildings are substantial and well built. He has carried on his operations with sound judgment and discretion and has gained a high reputation among his fellow farmers. In 1884 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Bessie Furness, also a native of Norway and a daughter of Haugen and Sigrid Erickson, both of whom died in that land. They were the parents of seven children, namely, Molly, Molena, Paulina, Ellen, Bessie, Lawrence and Hannah. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been born eight children : John, who lives in Canada ; Oscar, who is married and has twin daughters, Dorothy and Bettie, born May 15, 1923 ; Benjamin; Peter, who is married; Mrs. Ella McIver, who lives in Canada ; William ; Effie, who graduated from high school and then took a course in a business college in Seattle, where she is now living ; and Palma, who died when one year old. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. In every possible way he has shown his interest in the welfare of his adopted country, of which he has been a true and loyal citizen, and because of his earnest and upright life he has well merited the high place which he holds in the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen throughout the community. FRED JENNY Fred Jenny, well known farmer and mill man of Cedarhome, ranks among the successful business men and respected citizens of Snohomish county, within the borders of which he has resided throughout the past half century. He was born in Minnesota on the 28th of January, 1860, the son of Jacob and Matilda (Rhodes) Jenny. The elder Jenny was a native of Switzerland, a blacksmith by trade, who came to the United States in 1844 and located at Hermann, Missouri, where he followed his trade for six years. In 1850 he crossed the plains by ox team to California, occupying six months en route, and he put in six years mining there. He then returned to the east and located in Minnesota, where he lived until coming to Washington in 1877. He had a very distinct recollection of the Minnesota massacre of 1863. On his arrival in the Puget sound country Mr. Jenny rented land on the Samish flats and later took up a homestead near Ferndale, where he died in 1885. Mrs. Jenny was born in Prussia, but came to Minnesota when young, her father taking up his abode among the pioneer settlers of the Gopher state. Her mother reached the remarkable age of ninety-eight years. In the acquirement of an education Fred Jenny attended the common schools of his native state. He was a youth of sixteen years when he came to Washington and commenced to work in the logging camps, later entering the mills. In 1889, in company with his brother-in-law, he built a sawmill at Florence, the first one in that town, and he operated it until 1896, when he sold out. Prior to this he had taken up a preemption and a homestead near Florence. These he has since sold. At the present time he has forty acres of land under cultivation. For a period of twenty-one years he was connected with the Crescent Lumber Company of Cedar-home as head sawyer and foreman, remaining in the service of this concern as long as the company was in business. A contemporary biographer characterized him as "a man of energy, conscientiousness and thoroughness in his understanding of everything relating to sawmilling and the manufacture of shingles." In 1890, at Florence, Mr. Jenny was united in marriage to Miss Jennie B. Haven, a daughter of George W. Haven, a native of New York, who settled in Michigan in the early days, later becoming a pioneer of Nebraska and coming to Washington in 1885. Mrs. Jenny was born in Nebraska, but received her education in Michigan. By her marriage she has become the mother of ten children, recorded below. (1) Isabel, who engaged in the profession of teaching for four years prior to her marriage, is the wife of A. F. Green and the mother of three children, namely : Erma, who was born May 19, 1915 ; Winifred, whose birth occurred June 19, 1916; and Ruth, whose natal day was August 25, 1917. (2) Clyde Jenny wedded 728 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Miss Emma Olsen. (3) Walter married Annie Moe and has two children: Harold, born February 12, 1920 ; and Marion Rhoda, born March 8, 1924. (4) Rufus Jenny is still single. (5) Olive is the wife of Lincoln Erwin and is now teaching school in Oregon. (6) Evelyn is the wife of Charles Yngve and the mother of a daughter, Doris, born December 12, 1922. (7) Edna is the wife of Riley Powers. (8) Frank Jenny is at home. (9) Fred Jenny, Jr., whose birth occurred in the fall of 1905, wedded Miss Alma Pearson. (10) Lester, the youngest of the family, was born on the 12th of September, 1908. While with the republicans in politics on general lines, Mr. Jenny scans the qualifications of candidates before casting his ballot and in all local elections votes for the man. He is an enthusiastic advocate of good roads projects as well as of the cause of education and is widely recognized as a public-spirited, progressive and enterprising citizen. Fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Jenny was one of the organizers and the champion rifle shot of the East Stanwood Rifle Club and he now finds sufficient leisure to indulge his love of hunting and fishing. ALEXANDER YOUNG Alexander Young, whose fine, well improved farm lies at the northeast corner of the Tulalip Indian reservation, Snohomish county, was born near Monroe on the 7th of January, 1871, and is a son of James and Jenny Young, the latter of whom was a native Indian girl, born at Monroe, Washington. James Young was born in London, England, in which country he received a splendid education. About 1860 he came to the United States, locating in Snohomish county, Washington, where he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land about four miles south of Monroe. He cleared forty acres of this land, which he cultivated until the death of his wife, after which he engaged in logging, following that business for many years. Eventually he went to Seattle, where his death occurred. To him and his wife were born three children, namely : Alexander ; George, who is deceased ; and Albert. Alexander Young was educated in the public schools and at the Tualco school. He was employed at farming until fourteen years of age and then worked in logging camps until about 1898, when he located on ninety acres of land that he took as an inherited right from his mother. He immediately started to improve the property, building a small house of split cedar and then began to clear the land. He now has forty acres cleared and under cultivation and has been very successful in its operation. In 1915 he built a fine residence and a substantial barn in 1924, all of the farm buildings being first class in every respect. Mr. Young keeps twenty good milk cows and a pure bred Guernsey hull. He raises fine crops of hay and has excellent pasture land for his stock. In December, 1899, Mr. Young was united in marriage to Miss Lucille McLain, who was horn on the Tulalip reservation, the daughter of a native Indian. They became the parents of two children : Albert, who was born on the homestead, February 5, 1903, is now assisting his father in the operation of the ranch. Mrs. Helen Brown, born December 18, 1907, is the mother of a son, Elliott, who was born on May 14, 1923. Mr. Young's career has been marked by persistent and well directed endeavor along correct lines, and the success which has crowned his efforts has been well merited. He has been square with his fellowmen, among whom he enjoys an excellent standing because of his worth as a man and citizen. LEWIS M. SMITH For almost a half century Lewis M. Smith has been a resident of Washington, being but a year old when his parents removed to the northwest. He therefore forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present and has long taken helpful part in the agricultural development of Snohomish county. A native of Wisconsin, where his birth occurred on the 15th of January, 1876, he is a son of Knut 0. and Annie (Larsen) Smith, who were natives of Norway, the mother having been born at Arndahl. Knut 0. Smith came to the United States in 1864, settling in Wisconsin, and became a sailor on the Great lakes, which vocation he followed until 1877, when he settled in King county, Washington. For a few years thereafter he sailed on Puget sound and then came to Stanwood, taking up a forty-acre homestead, all of which was at that time in timber and brush. He built a small cabin and began clearing and improving his land, on which he lived several years. He then sold it and returned to Kent county, his death occurring at Ballard in May, 1892. His wife had passed HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 729 away in 1877. They were the parents of three children, Hedvig, deceased, one who died in infancy, and Lewis. The last named received his educational training in the public schools of Stanwood and Ballard and was then employed as a farm hand until about the time of his marriage, in 1900, when he bought one hundred and sixty acres of timber land near Cedarhome, on which he at once located. He cleared part of this land and lived there about a year and a half, when he sold it and bought seventy acres on Leque's island, near Stanwood, a part of the old Peter Leque homestead. About fifty acres of his purchase was under cultivation. He built a fine residence in 1908 and all of the buildings are substantial and commodious. His principal crops are hay and oats, though he also grows seven acres of cabbage for seed. The delta land is rich and fertile soil and produces splendid crops. On June 10, 1900, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Anna Anderson, who was born in South Dakota, a daughter of Peter L. and Mary (Olsen) Anderson, the former a native of Norway and the latter of South Dakota. Further reference to the Anderson family is made in the sketch of Peter L. Anderson, elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have three children : Clara, born at Freeborn, Washington, March 20, 1901, died March 22, 1902 ; Knut, born April 19, 1902, graduated from the Stanwood high school and is now at home ; Carl Lewis was born at Stanwood, March 31, 1921. Mr. Smith's career has been characterized by consecutive labor but his efforts have been well rewarded and he is now in comfortable circumstances. He takes a proper interest in the affairs of his community and enjoys the respect of his fellow citizens generally. WILLIAM N. TESTER Among the old and well known families of Snohomish county is that of Tester, of which the subject of this sketch is a worthy representative. The family was founded here by his father, William Tester, who was born in Kent, England, in 1836, and whose death occurred in Snohomish county, August 24, 1900. In his boyhood he enlisted in the English navy, with which he went to Japan and China, was in the Crimean war in the '50s and later in the Chinese war, after which he returned to England. Subsequently he came to the United States and became interested in mines in Michigan, investing his money in partnership with some Cornishmen. From there he went to New York, and thence, by the way of the Isthmus of Panama, to California. After living in the latter state for some years, he returned to England, but in 1870 again came to this country, locating at Seattle, Washington. Later he removed to Snohomish county, locating at Tualco, near Monroe, where he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land. This was then virgin country, in which the Indians roamed freely, and across the river from Mr. Tester's land was a large camp of the redmen. Mr. Tester devoted his attention to clearing his land and also broke oxen which he sold to the logging camps. He was a hard working and industrious man, and made splendid progress in the development of his farm. He built the road through his land, which bears the name of the Tester road, and he did much free road work in this locality. He rendered effective service as a member of the school board and in many ways contributed to the welfare and progress of the community. He was a member of Centennial Lodge, No. 25, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Snohomish. In 1882 he married Mrs. Alice (Nowell) Williams, whose first husband, by whom she had two children, died in South America. She was born in England and came to this country but a short time prior to her marriage to Mr. Tester. To their union were born four children, two sons and two daughters, namely : William N., Ben M., a farmer living at Roosevelt, who is married and has three children ; Mrs. Lily Helm, who lives near the home place ; and Mrs. May Finke, who lives near Monroe, this county. William N. Tester was born in 1883 on the old homestead in this county and secured his educational training in the Tualco school, across the river. He remained on the home farm, assisting his father until the latter's death, when he took charge of its operation. In 1908 he sold the homestead and moved to his present place, where the mother built a residence and made her home until recently. This tract comprises seventy-eight acres, practically none of which was cleared when he bought it, but through the years he has cleared and improved the place until today it is one of the best farms in the locality. Mr. Tester is giving his attention principally to dairy farming, keeping ten good grade milk cows and a registered bull. His land is fertile and he raises good crops of hay and grain, while the general appearance of the place is highly creditable to the owner. On February 4, 1920, Mr. Tester was married to Miss Jennie Danhof, who was born in •Seattle, a daughter of Gus and Mary Danhof, both of whom were natives of Holland. On 730 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY . coming to this country they were first at Seattle, and later became the owners of a. good farm near our subject's place, and there the mother is still living, the father having died February 19, 1926. Mr. and Mrs. Tester are the parents of three children, Alice, Jennie and Mary. Mr. Tester is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and was at one time a member of the Knights of Pythias. He has taken a deep interest in local public affairs and served as a member of the Stocker school hoard. Because of his admirable personal qualities and his splendid record, he has long enjoyed the sincere respect of all who know him. ANDREW NASLUND It is always pleasant and profitable to contemplate the career of a man who has made a success of life and won the honor and respect of his fellow citizens. Such is the record of the well-known farmer whose name heads this sketch. A more whole-souled or popular man it would be difficult to find in the district where he lives. He has been an industrious and hardworking man, has exercised sound judgment in all of his affairs and has attained success in material things, as well as gaining the respect and admiration of all. A native of Sweden, he was born on the 31st of July, 1862, a son of Magnus and Christina (Nelson) Naslund, who never left their native land. Both are now deceased, the father dying in 1864, and the mother in October, 1903. They were the parents of five children, Magnus Magnuson, Nets Naslund, deceased, Christina, Mrs. Marta Sjoblom and Andrew. The last named is indebted to the public schools of his native land for his education and after leaving school he worked on the home farm about one and a half years. He was then in the logging camps for a few years after which he served as a coachman for two years. In 1887 he came to the United States, locating in Polk county, Wisconsin, where he was employed in sawmills for one and a half years. In 1889 he came to Washington, being employed in railroad work in Tacoma for years. In 1893 lie came to Cedarhome, Snohomish county, was married in October of that year, and then built a good house on a forty-acre tract of land which his wife had bought in 1890. The place was covered with timber and brush, though it had once been burned over, and to the task of clearing he at once devoted his energies, now having about thirty acres of the land cleared and in cultivation. Some time after coming here Mr. Naslund bought one hundred and eight acres along the county line, and Mrs. Naslund also inherited forty acres, so that together they now own one hundred and eighty-eight acres of as fine land as can be found in this section of the county. Mr. Naslund keeps sixteen good cows and mainly raises hay, grain and potatoes. He has met with well deserved success, being now numbered among the substantial and prosperous farmers of the community. On October 14, 1893, Mr. Naslund was married to Miss Christina In:,rman, who is a native of Sweden, daughter of Olaf and Christina Jonson, both of whom were natives of Sweden. They came to the United States in 1889, locating first in Tacoma, Washington. Soon afterwards they came to Cedarhome and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres three and a half miles northeast of the town. There were no roads and they were compelled to walk from Stanwood to their land, which was covered with timber and brush. The father built a small log cabin and began clearing, in the course of time creating a good farm, on which he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives. The father, who was born July 21, 1817, died July 12, 1892, and the mother, born September 2, 1824, passed away August 17, 1899. They were the parents of three children : Mrs. Carrie Eric Sjolander, who died in Seattle ; Jcnas Engman, who died at Cedarhome ; and Christina. To Mr. and Mrs. Naslund have been born ten children. Mrs. Ruth Craw, born August 14, 1894, graduated from the State Normal School at Bellingham and taught school for three years prior to her marriage. She now lives in California and is the mother of two daughters, Marjorie and Shirley Ann. Mrs. Myrtle Inman, horn November 5, 1895, who also attended the State Normal School and the University of Washington, taught for three years. She too lives in California and is the mother of two children. Doris and Rosemary. Mrs. Emely Seifert, born November 28, 1897, graduated from the State Normal School and is now employed in a bank at Olympia, Washington. Mrs. Eleanor Constance Barney, who lives in Everett, was born February 15, 1899, and has three children, Roger, Frances and Marylyn D. Arthur Jonas, horn November 18, 1900, is a graduate of Stanwood high school. Mary, bom May 18, 1903, graduated from the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now engaged in teaching. Lydia Christina, born November 13, 1904, graduated from the Everett high school and is now holding an office position in Seattle. Alice Mildred, born July 31, 1906, is in high school. Nina C., born June 23, 1908, is in the Everett high school. Robert Philip Clifford, horn May 15, 1910, is a senior in the Stanwood high school. Mr. Naslund is a firm believer in the value of education, has given his children HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 731 good advantages and rendered effective and appreciated service for seven years as a member of the school board. He is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He and his wife are members of the Swedish Baptist church. He has been an active advocate of good roads and has proved himself a good citizen in the broadest sense of the term, having long held a place in the front rank of the enterprising and progressive men of his locality, where his influence has ever been exerted for the public welfare. All who know him speak of him in terms of high regard. JOHN FRED GEUE No better eulogium can be pronounced upon any community than to point to the work its individual members have accomplished, and among the citizens of Snohomish county who have passed on to higher scenes of action, and who while here were important factors in the development of their respective communities, none took precedence over John Fred Geue, whose death occurred here in 1918. He was a good workman in the world's affairs, the kind that can be relied on, for he did thoroughly and well whatever he undertook, and throughout the locality where he lived he was held in the highest confidence and esteem, his death being looked upon as a distinct loss to the community. Mr. Geue was born in Australia on the 11th of March, 1866, and was a son of John F. W. and Wilhelmina Geue, both of whom were natives of Germany. The father, who was a great traveler, came to the United States in an early day, locating at Evansville, Indiana, where he remained for a short time, and then went to Australia to visit a brother. In 1869 he returned to Evansville, where he remained for a time, and then went to Red Wing, Minnesota, where he lived for several years, being employed at his trade, that of cabinet-maker, in which line of work he was an expert. He next removed to Oakland, California, where he remained about six months, at the end of which time, in 1877, he came to Snohomish county, Washington, and homesteaded the present Geue farm. When he acquired the land it was practically in its• virgin condition, not having been even logged, and a vast amount of work was required in order to get it ready for cultivation. Mr. Gene followed his trade whenever opportunity offered and was the first man in Snohomish county to make coffins. He was a man of prominence and influence in the community and was numbered among the sturdy men who initiated the splendid work of development in this locality. John Fred Geue received his educational training largely in the public schools of Indiana, continuing his studies, however, after coming to this state. He then applied himself vigorously to the work of clearing the home farm and really did the greater part of that work. He spent the remainder of his life on that place and to him is entitled the credit for its present splendid condition. Between seventy-five and eighty acres of the land was cleared and many permanent and substantial improvements were made on the place, making it one of the most valuable and attractive farms in that section of the county. In the early days the farm was largely devoted to the raising of vegetables, chickens, pigs and sheep, but in later years more attention was paid to dairy farming, to which the farm is largely devoted now. From twenty to twenty-four high grade Guernsey cattle are kept, as well as a thoroughbred Guernsey bull. The land is fertile and well cultivated, and all the feed and roughage required for the stock is raised here. On January 8, 1889, Mr. Geue was married to Miss Lizzie Frohning, who was born in Germany, a daughter of Fred and Christine (Detering) Frohning. Her father died in Germany when the daughter was but nine years of age. In 1883 the widowed mother came to the United States and to Snohomish county, Washington, where her uncle, Fred Detering, lived near Monroe. While here she became the wife of Henry Summers, who was also born in Germany, became a sailor, and eventually came to the United States, entering the government revenue service, in which he was engaged when he came to Washington. He homesteaded and preempted sixty acres of land across the road from the Geue place. To Mr. and Mrs. Geue were born three children, namely : Fred Arthur, who is married and lives in Salt Lake City, Utah ; Walter Henry, who married Miss Grace Cedargreen, of Snohomish, and has been operating the home place since his father's death ; John Edward, who is living in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and is married and has two sons, Donald and Allan. Mr. Geue took an active interest in the welfare and prosperity of his community and in early days rendered valuable service as road supervisor. He always stood ready to cooperate with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the public welfare and stood for all that was best in community life. Formerly he belonged to several fraternal organizations but in his later years he was not actively affiliated with any. His chief interest was in his home and his family, where he found his greatest enjoyment, and was never happier than when contributing 732 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY to the comfort or pleasure of those about him. Although quiet and unostentatious, delighting in keeping the even tenor of his way as far as was consistent with good citizenship, he made his influence felt among those with whom he mingled. Owing to his probity of character, his genuine worth, and his kindly and genial disposition, he held a position in the community as one of the earnest men whose depth of character and strict adherence to right principles called forth the admiration of his contemporaries. He died beloved by those near to him and respected by all. PETER M. ARENTZEN Peter M. Arentzen, of East Stanwood, Snohomish county, is one of our sterling pioneers who came here in the days when much preliminary work was required before harvests could be gathered from the primeval soil and has borne his part in the task of promoting civilization and progress in the northwest. During all the years of his residence here he has shown a fine public spirit, his efforts and influence being factors in the development and upbuilding of this section of the county. Mr. Arentzen was born in Denmark on the 4th day of March, 1858, and is a son of George and Nilsena Arentzen, both of whom spent their lives in that country, the father passing away in 1895 and the mother in 1913. Their only child, Peter M. Arentzen, was educated in the public schools of his home neighborhood and then became a gardener, which vocation he followed there until 1880, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Michigan, where he remained about one and a half years and then went to Chicago, Illinois, which was his home for three years. In 1885 he came to Snohomish county, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres three miles north of Cedarhome. The land was densely covered with timber and brush, there being some splendid cedar timber on the place. He first built a small house of split cedar and then entered upon the task of clearing the land. The only highway near his place was a rude trail through the woods and he was compelled to carry all of his supplies and provisions from Stanwood, a distance of five miles. He now has thirty acres of his land cleared and cultivated. In 1922 he built a modern residence and the other farm buildings are substantial and well adapted to the purposes for which they are used. Mr. Arentzen is interested in dairying and chickens, keeping three good milk cows and about five hundred laying hens. Through the years he has applied himself closely to the improvement and cultivation of his farm and the success which has come to him has been the legitimate result of his persistent devotion to his work. November 5th, 1885, in Chicago, Mr. Arentzen was married to Miss Anna Hemmingsen, a native of Denmark, whence she came to the United States in 1882. To their union have been horn eight children, namely : Mrs. Mary Boyd, who is the mother of three children, Marion, Barbara and Roger ; Mrs. Catharine Clauson, who has a son, John, and a daughter, Dorothy; Mrs. Flora Reniker, who has four children, Glenard, Barnard, Ella and Donald ; Emil ; George and Fred, twins, the latter being married and the father of a son, Ray ; Mrs. Victoria Hansen, who is the mother of four children, Dorothy, Lois, Jane and Virginia ; and Carrie Viola, who remains at home. Mr. Arentzen is a member of the Spanish Brotherhood, at Everett, and also belongs to the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and the Snohomish County Poultry Association. The present prosperity enjoyed in Snohomish county may be attributed largely to such men as Mr. Arentzen. Undaunted by wilderness conditions, where there was little to encourage and much to discourage the stranger who settled here, he worked persistently and indefatigably and soon wrought a transformation in the appearance of his land, which was converted into an excellent farm—and he is now the possessor of a comfortable competence. Quiet and unassuming in manner, he possesses to a marked degree the essential qualifications of good citizenship and has at all times stood for the best things in community life. By an earnest and consistent course he has won the sincere respect and admiration of his fellow citizens and is held in high esteem wherever known. JAMES B. LUND It is by no means an easy task to describe within the limits of this review a man who has led as active and interesting a life as has James B. Lund, who is now one of the progressive and enterprising farmers of northwestern Snohomish county and whose present prosperity has been gained by his own unaided efforts. The public claims a certain proprietary interest in the career of every individual, and the time invariably arrives when it becomes advisable to give HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 733 the right publicity, so that it is with satisfaction that the following brief resume of the career of James B. Lund is presented. Mr. Lund is a native of Norway, born on the 4th of December, 1858, and is a son of Martin and Helen (Christensen) Lund, both of whom were also natives of that country. They are both now deceased, the father dying in 1873 and the mother passing away in 1916, when almost ninety years of age. In their family were six children. James B. Lund was reared on his father's farm and attended the public schools until fifteen years of age, when, in 1873, he went to sea. He sailed first to Liverpool, England, where he shipped for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and thence back to Ireland. From there he again went to Liverpool, where he was engaged as an able seaman and went to Africa, remaining there about nine months. His next trip was to Amsterdam, Holland, from which port he sailed to Cardiff, Wales. There he shipped for Havana, Cuba, thence to Boston, Massachusetts, and from there to San Francisco, California. This voyage, by the way of Cape Horn, required six months and six days, and Mr. Lund landed in San Francisco in 1879. He there enlisted in the United States navy, in which he served three years and seventeen days, during a part of which time he was in Alaskan waters, as well as in Peru and Chile, South America. During the Peruvian war he returned to San Francisco and in 1882 received an honorable discharge. He then came to Snohomish county, 'Washington, and engaged in logging, which business he followed for five years. In 1887 he built a pile driver at Stanwood, which he operated for eight years with considerable success. In 1884 Mr. Lund had bought forty acres of land on the northern city limits of East Stanwood, it being densely covered with timber and brush, and to the clearing and improving of this place he devoted his attention. There were no roads and he was compelled to carry all the lumber required in the building of his house, as well as all provisions and other supplies. He succeeded in clearing practically all of the land, developed a fertile and productive farm, and is now very comfortably and pleasantly situated. His principal crop is hay, while the remainder of the land is devoted to pasture. He has made many splendid improvements, and his farm is now numbered among the best in that locality, its present condition being the result of his untiring and well directed efforts. In October, 1887, Mr. Lund was married to Miss Julia Gunderson, who was a native of South Dakota and a daughter of Peter and Betsy (Larsen) Gunderson, whose sketch appears on another page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Lund were born five children, namely: Mrs. Helen Ferr, who is the mother of seven children ; Mrs. Millie Johnson, who has three children ; Martin; Mrs. Nellie Bennett ; and Nora, deceased. Mrs. Julia Lund died in May, 1896, and in October, 1897, Mr. Lund married Miss Julia Matson, a native of Norway and a daughter of Johannes and Caroline Matson, who never left that country, both being now deceased. To this union have been also born five children, namely : Mrs. Annie Linbeck, who has a son ; Mrs. Dagna Gunerius; Bernard ; Mrs. Hannah Anderson, who is the mother of two children ; and Carl, who remains at home. Mr. Lund is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association and of the Sons of Norway at Stanwood. He has taken a good citizen's interest in everything pertaining to the welfare and prosperity of his community and in former years rendered effective serviu as a member of the school board. He has also been an earnest advocate of goad roads, which he believes are of supreme importance in the development of a locality, and in every relation of life has shown himself to be of a progressive disposition. Mr. Lund has visited many parts of the world but is well satisfied that he chose Snohomish county for his permanent home, for here he has found not- only an ideal climate and congenial and desirable surroundings, but he has been able here to attain a measure of success which has placed him in an independent position. Though a man of unassuming manner, nevertheless he possesses to a marked degree the essential qualifications of good citizenship and throughout the community he is looked upon as a representative citizen and a man well worthy of the confidence and respect which are accorded him. FRED W. SUMNER The permanence and growth of a business is measured by its usefulness and the character of service rendered. Governed by high ideals, the Sumner Iron Works has aided in raising the standards of American manufacture and has become one of the strongest individual forces in the industrial progress of the Pacific northwest. The business has endured for thirty-three years and reflects the character and integrity of its founders. Fred \V. Sumner, the executive head, is a member of that select company of enterprising business men who 734 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY have made Everett what it is today--one of the most important and prosperous cities of the Puget Sound country. Mr. Sumner was born at Waupun, Wisconsin, in 1850 and his parents were Farnum A. and Emily (Case) Sumner, the former a pioneer merchant of that town. The subject of this sketch received a public school education and spent his youth on a farm near Hutchinson, Minnesota. His interest centered in mechanical pursuits and in 1872, when twenty-two years of age, he started to build a threshing machine with the assistance of his brother, T. B. Sumner. For tools they had little more than a file and hammer and their workshop was an unfurnished room in the second story of their mother's house. They completed the task and sixteen hundred dollars represented the earning capacity of the machine during the season. Encouraged by the success of their first venture into the manufacturing world, they moved into the village and assembled a steam thresher in a shed which they built in the yard of their home. They afterward became the proud owners of a small machine shop, in which they made ploughs, harrows, portable engines and sleighs. The demand for their products steadily increased and the little plant developed into an institution employing forty men. In 1891 it became necessary to seek a new home and on the advice of James J. Hill, whose acquaintance he had formed, while serving in the Minnesota legislature, Fred W. Sumner decided to locate in the little settlement of Everett. With the equipment from their Hutchinson plant and their experience representing fifty thousand dollars, the two brothers organized the Sumner Iron Works of Everett, capitalized at ninety thousand dollars. They had not a dollar of their own cash to put in the business. This was in 1893, the year of the panic. As a result of this financial stringency only half of the forty thousand dollars which had been promised them by the other shareholders was available. With a debt of over ten thousand dollars and a panic facing them the young pioneers entered upon the arduous task of building up their fortunes on the Pacific coast. Their foundry was first situated on the river in the vicinity of the bridge. On April 9, 1913, fire destroyed the works and the firm then selected a site near the paper mill at Lowell, a suburb of Everett. Their first plant consisted of two two-story brick buildings thirty-two by seventy-two feet in dimensions, a blacksmith shop thirty by fifty feet, and a small office building. They soon discovered that the experience which had cost them so many years of labor in Minnesota was practically worthless in Washington owing to entirely different physical conditions. In Minnesota agriculture had been the mainstay of the populace and here the newcomers found mining, lumbering and fishing the principal industries. The then flourishing Monte Cristo mines were at the height of their prosperity and the manager, kindly disposed toward the recent arrivals, offered them a chance to bid on six ore cars. They accepted the opportunity, assuming a confidence which they did not feel, and even went so far as to suggest that the wooden parts be eliminated in favor of steel frames, which they proposed to construct of angle iron. The idea proved both popular and practical and the manager demonstrated his faith in their ability by giving them the contract to double the capacity of the mine's concentrator as well as an order to duplicate the entire equipment. Eventually the task of installing a refinery was intrusted to them and their success in this final venture proved the starting point of their firm establishment in the west. Their first effort as ship builders was a comparatively modest one, the W. E. Harrington, a stocky, powerful little steamer, sixty-two feet long over all and driven by a one hundred and twenty-five horse power compound engine with a pipe boiler. The builders had intended using the vessel on the Snohomish river but sold it to J. D. Lowman and for many years the Harrington was used as a passenger boat out of Seattle and on Lake Washington. Out of this first effort grew a considerable marine business. Captain U. B. Scott gave the plant an order to build the City of Everett, a stanch steamer of two hundred and seventy-five tons, and the Telegraph, the fastest stern wheeler in the world, was constructed for the same people. Other marine engines built and installed by the firm included those in the Steamship Bailey, which was the first boat operated on Lake Lebarge, Alaska, and was built during the gold excitement to run from White Horse to Dawson. They also constructed the. Gleaner for Captain John Irving, of Victoria, British Columbia. Every pound of the equipment of the gold seekers in Alaska had to be "toted" over the long trail by dog teams or on the backs of men and steam power in any form was an invaluable asset. The Sumners devised a portable engine and boiler which could be carried on the backs of a few men and set up wherever desired. This principle they also applied to a portable sawmill which was capable of a cut of six to seven thousand feet per day. These outfits met a popular demand, as all the timber up to this time was being whipsawed, and many Alaskan fortunes derived their start from a "Sumner Portable." Another device was the thawing point, an invention suggested to the Sumners by a returned miner. In order to work a claim it was HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 735 necessary in those days to keep the ground thawed and this was clone by means of fires, which were kept burning over a considerable area. The thawing point, a hardened steel, hollow point about four feet long and one-half inch in diameter, attached to a steam boiler by means of flexible piping, could be driven into the ground and the same area heated in much less time and with much less labor and expense. During the season of 1897-98 over two hundred Sumner boilers and thousands of "points" were shipped to Alaska. Meanwhile the success of the Sumners had not been confined to Alaska. The rapid development of the lumber industry in the state of Washington had created a demand for large quantities of logging machinery. Out of the Sumner drafting rooms came plans for donkey engines, hauls, conveyors, carriages, swing saws and all the other equipment of logging camp and shingle mill. The specifications called for materials and construction which met with the approval of every lumberman and in due time the fame of the Sumner products spread. J. G. Gillett, an American inventor, who had been a resident of Lake City, Minnesota, was admitted to a full partnership in 1901, becoming vice president of the Everett plant, and in July, 1907, J. Bruce Gibson also joined the firm, serving on the board of directors and as financial secretary of the Sumner Iron Works. The firm established a branch at Summerton, five miles from Vancouver, and founded the Canadian Sumner Iron Works, Ltd., electing the following officers : T. B. Sumner, president ; E. L. McLean, vice president ; J. Bruce Gibson, treasurer ; and J. H. W. Pugh, secretary. Fred W. Sumner is president of the Everett business and has fostered its growth by carefully matured plans and strict attention to detail, while in the operation of the industry he brings to bear broad vision and notable administrative power. The local plant is a model institution and now covers ten acres. It has spur connections with the Northern Pacific, Great Northern, Canadian Pacific, Southern Pacific and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroads. In 1910 the Everett concern turned out over three-fourths of a million dollars worth of business and its payroll for the year amounted to two hundred thousand dollars. The plant furnishes work to more than two hundred men and has never been closed. Through its cupola passes daily eleven tons of molten metal, which is manufactured into machinery for shingle and sawmills, heavy mining equipment, transmission engines, boilers, etc., and the firm's patents are recognized as among the most valuable in the machinery world. The company specializes in machinery for shingle and sawmills and in these lines the Sumner label indicates the superlative of quality. Twenty-five carloads of Sumner machinery were installed in the Everett mill of the Canyon Lumber Company and the firm also equipped the plant operated at Westminster, British Columbia, by the Frazer River Lumber Company, whose mill is the largest in the world. In 1877 Mr. Sumner was united in marriage to Miss Martha Jane Nobles, a native of Ohio, and they have become the parents of two daughters : Irma, who is now the wife of Edward Robbins of Everett ; and Agnes, at home. Mr. Sumner is a republican but has never aspired to public office, preferring to discharge the duties of citizenship in a private capacity. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Sumner is classed with the industrial leaders of the west and his influence is strong and far-reaching. FAY MILLER Fay Miller, a successful dairyman of Stanwood, having fifty head of cattle on his ranch of one hundred and sixty acres, enjoys an enviable reputation throughout the community as a capable agriculturist and an enterprising and aggressive young citizen. He is a grandson of the honored old pioneer, Caleb Miller, and is a native of Stanwood, Washington, where his birth occurred on the 9th of October, 1889, his parents being Frank P. and Inga (Fotland) Miller, who were born in Connecticut and Minnesota, respectively. The paternal grandfather, Caleb Miller, came to Washington with his family in 1854, sailing around Cape Horn to San Francisco, California, in a vessel which consumed six months and twenty-one days in making the voyage. He was the second man to settle on Whidbey island, where he took up a homestead claim and carried on farming pursuits throughout the remainder of his life. He also conducted a store at Dugwalla Bay for several years. His son, Frank P. Miller, purchased the old homestead on Widbey island and in 1888 came to Stanwood and bought a tract of fifty-six acres one mile north of the town, cultivating both farms for several years. He returned to Whidbey island in 1893 but a year later sold his property there and came back to his ranch in the vicinity of Stanwood, where he followed farming until 1916. In that year he sold his place and bought a home at Stanwood, where he spent the remainder of his life in honorable retirement, passing away on the 19th of May, 1918. His widow still survives him 736 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY and yet makes her home in Stanwood. Their family numbered two sons and two daughters, as follows : Mrs. Gertrude Seegebarth, who is a resident of Edison, Skagit county, Washington ; Fay, of this review ; Chester W., living in Kelso, Washington; and Mrs. Pearl Judd, who resides at Payette, Idaho. Fay Miller acquired a grammar school education in Stanwood and when not busy with his textbooks assisted his father in the work of the home ranch. He left school when a lad of thirteen and subsequently began providing for his own support by engaging in teaming and in steamboating. He was a young man of twenty-two years when in 1911 he purchased a threshing machine in association with Elias Brue, with whom he remained in partnership until 1925, since which time he has owned and operated the machine independently, doing a large business therewith annually. In 1920 Mr. Miller rented the ranch of Dr. McEacheran, embracing one hundred and forty-three acres of land on Camano island, where he conducted a dairy for five years. On the expiration of that period, in the spring of 1925, he rented the Lars Hanson ranch of one hundred and sixty acres at Stanwood, where he has since conducted a large dairy, keeping fifty head of cattle, including some pure bred Holsteins. He is a member of the Dairymen's Association. His land is devoted to the cultivation of hay and also oats to some extent. On the 22d of March, 1919, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Edna Johnson, a native of Camano island and a daughter of Sivert and Anna (Larson) Johnson, both of whom were born in Norway. A review of the career of Sivert Johnson may be found on another page of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are the parents of two daughters, namely : Geraldine, born September 19, 1921 ; and Phyllis, born February 10, 1924. Fraternally Mr. Miller is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Stanwood Lodge No. 249. During the period of the World war he served in the Quartermasters Corps at Camp Lewis from October 3, 1917, until March 1, 1919. The salient traits of his character are such as have commended him to the confidence and esteem of all with whom he has come into contact in the varied relations of life. F. H. KELLY The men who have pushed forward the wheels of progress have been those to whom satisfaction lies ever in the future, who have labored continuously, always finding in each transition stage an incentive to further effort. F. H. Kelly, who has had a splendid career as an educator but is now devoting his attention to the chicken business, is a man whose well directed efforts have gained for him a prominent position in the locality honored by his residence, and it is with a feeling of satisfaction that a brief resume of his career is presented here, along with others of the representative men of Snohomish county. Mr. Kelly was born in western Pennsylvania, November 14, 1882, and is a son of J. A. and Susannah (McCune) Kelly, both of whom were natives of the old Keystone state, where they were reared and married. He comes of a long line of sterling old American ancestry. The father was well known as an expert stationary engineer. F. H. Kelly secured his elementary education in the public schools and then, with the idea of preparing himself for the teacher's profession, took a course in the Slippery Rock Normal School and in Grove City College in Mercer county, Pennsylvania. He taught in the public schools of Pennsylvania until 1909, when he went to Seattle, Washington. Soon afterward he removed to Chehalis, Washington, where he served as principal of the school for a few months, the remainder of the year being principal of the high school at Wallace, Idaho. The next summer he returned east, but in 1910 went to Myrtle Creek, Oregon, where he taught one year, and was next connected with the schools of Bellingham, Washington, until 1918, after which he taught in the Fairhaven high school, holding the chairs of mathematics and physics. For about a year he was employed as a bookkeeper in a logging camp at Concrete, followed by three years as a teacher in the high school at Snohomish, since which time he has devoted his entire time and attention to his ranching interests. On his farm, which is located near Blackman lake, he has made many substantial improvements, including well built chicken houses, and he is now very comfortably and pleasantly situated here. He is giving his main attention to the chicken business, in which he is meeting with gratifying success. He has about thirteen hundred laying hens, all of the White Leghorn breed, and he is painstaking in his efforts to maintain the purity of his flock. He is raising a large number of baby chicks, for which he finds ready sale, and he is now planning to trap nest his hens and raise. only pedigreed stock. He is a man of sound business judgment and wise discrimination, and the prosperity which he is now enjoying is well merited. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 737 In 1910, at Everett, Mr. Kelly was married to Miss Margaret Fleming, who was born in Oregon City, Oregon, and who died in 1922. She was a daughter of T. C. and Elizabeth Fleniing, the former of whom is a member of the board of county commissioners at Everett, and the latter of whom died in 1909. To Mr. and Mrs. Kelly were born two children, Catherine and Helen, both of whom were born at Bellingham and are now students in the schools at Snohomish. While living in Bellingham Mr. Kelly joined the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is now a member of Lodge No. 429 at Everett. He is a member of the Snohomish County Poultry Association and the State Accredited Hatchery Association. Many elements of a solid and practical nature are combined in his makeup, and he possesses to a marked degree the essential qualities of good citizenship. He has cooperated with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the welfare and prosperity of the community and, because of his upright character, his straightforward manner and his friendliness and courtesy, he has gained an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of all who know him. GERHARD WEERD A Gerhard Weerda, an experienced and practical farmer and dairyman who is managing the H. C. Anderson estate near Stanwood, is thus in charge of one of the largest dairy herds in Snohomish county. His birth occurred in Friesian, Germany, on the 6th of June, 1878, his parents being Albert and Trientje (Petersen) Weerda, also natives of that country. The father passed away in Germany in 1894, but the mother still survives and yet makes her home there. Gerhard Weerda pursued his early education in the public schools of his native land and subsequently spent four winter seasons as a student in one of Germany's excellent agricultural colleges, receiving thorough training in dairying and in the management and breeding of cattle. After leaving college he assisted in the operation of the home ranch in Germany until 1908, when as a young man of thirty years he crossed the Atlantic to the United States and located in Wright county, Iowa. There he operated a leased farm for two seasons and then in 1910 made his way to King county, Washington, where he took charge of the Carnation dairy herd at Tolt, comprising one hundred and thirty head of Holstein cows. At the end of eighteen months he came to Stanwood and took charge of the large herd of H. C. Anderson, which he built up until it now numbers one hundred and thirty head. A year and a half later, however, he leased the ranch of J. P. Anderson at Florence, comprising one hundred and fifty-four acres, which he cultivated for a period of five years, milking fifty cows. In the spring of 1920 he removed to Burbank, Walla Walla county, where he purchased a small ranch and resided for two years. On the expiration of that period he returned to Stanwood and again took charge of the H. C. Anderson estate there. Mr. Anderson had died since first employing him as manager. There are one hundred and thirty head of cattle on the ranch, thirty of which are pure bred registered Holsteins and all of which show the effects of good care and breeding. Mr. Weerda raises hay and oats and in the present year (1926) has fifty acres planted to cabbage for seed. In April, 1908, Mr. Weerda was married to Anna Siemen, a native of Germany, who passed away in eastern Washington on the 3d of March, 1921. She left a family of five children, namely : Katrine, who is attending high school in Seattle ; and Louisa, Annetta, Gerhard, Jr., and Henrietta, all of whom are grammar school pupils at Stanwood. The above named have manifested musical talent along both vocal and instrumental lines. In April, 1922, Mr. Weerda was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Anna (Zimmerman) Horan, a native of St. Joseph, Missouri. She had eleven children by her first husband, as follows : Katrine, Harry, Ralph, Mabel, Audrey, Effie, Kaith, Wilma, Waneta, Charles and Harold. Nearly all of the above named are married and five of the number are residents of Spokane. The youngest, Harold Horan, is the only one at home. JENS A. GULLSTAD One of the representative farmers and dairymen of Snohomish county is J. A. Gullstad, of Stanwood district, who has made his influence felt for good in his community. While devoted to the advancement of his own interests, he has given commendable attention to public welfare, thereby gaining the respect and admiration of his fellowmen. Mr. Gullstad, a native of 738 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY Norway, was born on the 23d day of February, 1879, a son of A. K. and Elise (Jensen) Gullstad, who never left the land of the midnight sun, the father dying there in 1915, while the mother is still living there. The father owned a good farm but by trade was a shoemaker, enjoying the reputation of being one of the best in northern Norway. Many of his customers were sea captains and others who were particular as to their footwear, and such was his skill and reputation that his customers, though in distant parts of the world, sent to him for their boots and shoes. To him and his wife were born eight children, namely, Jens, Hermine, Emma, Augusta, Sandra, Katinka, Nordahl, and Jorgen, deceased. Jens A. Gullstad attended the public schools of his home neighborhood and on completing his education he worked on his father's farm and also assisted him in the shoe shop. He remained at home until September, 1904, when he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to Stanwood, Washington. His first work here was in the woods, where he contracted to get out shingle bolts. He followed that business for five or six years and in May, 1907, bought twenty acres of land on section 18, a mile and a quarter north of East Stanwood. About three-quarters of an acre of the land was cleared, the remainder being covered with timber and brush, the only other improvements being a small cabin and a barn. This land was a part of the William Armstrong homestead, which had been filed on in 1884. Later Mr. Gullstad bought forty acres adjoining. He applied himself energetically to the task of clearing the land and now has about eighteen acres cleared and in cultivation, the remainder being in pasture and wood land. He is giving the major portion of his attention to dairy farming, keeping eleven good milk cows and eleven head of young stock, some of his cows being purebred Guernseys and the remainder all high grade. He raises hay and root crops and recently has had splendid success in his experiments in the growing of alfalfa. His life here has been characterized by hard work but has been rewarded with commensurate prosperity and now he is in a position of comfort and independence. On October 20, 1906, Mr. Gullstad was married to Miss Constance Mathisen, a native of Norway, as are her parents, Frederick and Lovise ( Jensen) Mathisen, who still live there. The father is doing a wholesale commission business in fish. To him and his wife were born twelve children, of whom the following are living : Haakon, Constance, Lauritz, Fredrica, Johan, Hannah, Mathias, Edward and Conrad. Mr. and Mrs. Gullstad have had ten children: Harold, Solveig, Aslaug, Louise, Kermit, Frederick, Jeanette, Solveig, who died at the age of three years, and two who died in infancy. Mr. Gullstad is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He also belongs to the Stillaguamish Band, being a skilled player of several instruments. He and his wife are earnest members of the Lutheran church, of which he is one of the board of trustees. In 1921 Mr. Gullstad built a fine, modern residence, with full basement, situated on an elevation commanding a magnificent view of Puget sound and adjacent islands. He is a splendid type of the self-made man and preeminent among his qualities is that sound judgment which is ordinarily called common sense. A thoroughly practical man, self-reliant, firm and resolute, he has attained his present commendable position by his own efforts and throughout the community commands uniform confidence and respect. LEWIS NOBLE Lewis Noble, a well known engineer on the Great Northern Railroad, was born in Iowa on the 6th of April, 1874, and is a son of W. W. and Sarah Anne (Black) Noble, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Indiana. Their respective families were pioneer settlers in the middle west, where they followed farming. Eventually. our subject's parents located in southern Kansas, where their deaths occurred. Lewis Noble secured his educational training in the public schools of Iowa and Kansas, the family having moved to the latter state when he was thirteen years of age. He remained there from 1887 to 1902, working on the home farm and at other employment in the neighborhood. In 1902 he came to Seattle, Washington, and in April of that year located in Everett, where for several months he worked at any occupation he could find. He then entered the employ of the Great Northern Railroad, first as engine watchman, then as locomotive fireman and eventually became an engineer, in which capacity he has worked for eighteen years. From 1902 to 1911 his headquarters were at Leavenworth, Washington ; then at Everett until 1915, but in the latter year he moved to his present place near Blackman lake. When he bought this place the only improvement on it was an old house, no clearing having been done. During his spare time he has made excellent progress in clearing the land, the only crops raised being for his own use, but he expects eventually to make his home here when he retires from railroad service. He has chosen a very good location and it will make him a very comfortable and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 739 attractive home. As an engineer lie has been faithful and loyal to the trust reposed in him, and has always commanded the respect and esteem of his superiors and associates. In 1905 Mr. Noble married Miss Jennie Cato, a native of Kansas and a daughter of Rufus E. and Cynthia (Davis) Cato, both of whom were born in Illinois. Her mother died March 2, 1925, and her father, who is now living in Oklahoma at the age of eighty-eight years, will, if he lives to vote at the next presidential election, have voted for eighteen presidents of the United States. Mr. and Mars. Noble have known each other since their high school days and have been a very congenial couple. To them have been born two children, Lewis H. and Jennie Lovure, who died in infancy. Mr. Noble is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, and Mrs. Noble is a member of the Ladies Auxiliary to the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, as well as of the Ladies of the Maccabees. Both belong to the Grange at Snohomish. Mr. Noble is a man of straightforward manner, genial and pleasant in his social relations, and throughout the range of his acquaintance he commands the confidence and good will of all. EDMUND McKEAN Edmund McKean, a representative agriculturist of this county, owning a quarter section of land lying two and one-half miles north of Stanwood, has served as appraiser for the Federal Farm Loan Association in the Cedarhome district during the past eight years. His birth occurred in Piatt county, Illinois, on the 16th of May, 1866, his parents being F. W. and Elmira (Peoples) McKean, both of whom were natives of Ohio, the former born in Pickaway county and the latter in Franklin county. Leaving the Buckeye state in 1854, F. W. McKean took up his abode among the pioneer settlers of Illinois, where he purchased eighty acres of land and engaged in farming until 1884. In the latter year he removed to Kansas, in which state he devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits until 1893, when he came to Stanwood, Washington. Here lie spent the remainder of his life in the home of his son Edmund, passing away on the 26th of January, 1901. His wife, who long survived him, died in February, 1919. Their family numbered twelve children, seven of whom are yet living, namely : Mrs. Mary Bruce, who is a resident of Illinois ; Edmund, of this review ; Schuyler ; Wilson, who resides in Everett, Washington ; Felix, living in Oregon ; Mrs. Effie Sill, who is a resident of Snohomish, Washington ; and Charlie, who makes his home at Stanwood. Edmund McKean acquired a public school education in Illinois, his native state, and after putting aside his textbooks engaged in farm work. He was a youth of eighteen when in 1884 he accompanied his parents on their removal to Kansas, in which state he rode the range as a cowboy for six years. On the expiration of that period he came to Snohomish county, Washington, arriving at Stanwood on the 20th of October, 1890, after which he worked in logging camps for six years or until 1896. He then made his way to Rossland, British Columbia, purchased a four-horse team and began freighting to the mines. In the summer of 1897 he returned to Stanwood, making the journey overland by team and being twenty-four days en route. Here he used his team in hauling shingle bolts to the mills, his time being thus occupied for a period of nine years, while during the succeeding three years he hauled cream for the Stanwood Creamery. In the year 1892 he had purchased forty acres of land in township 32, range 4, east, two and one-half miles north of Stanwood, constituting a part of the old Bill Sill homestead. An old log house stood on the place, but none of the land had been cleared. Mr. McKean began cutting bolts and timber on the tract and subsequently made an additional purchase of forty acres adjoining on the east, while a year later he bought eighty acres more, thus coming into possession of the entire quarter section. He has cut wood on the place during the past quarter century, but the timber thereon is still plentiful and he is now busily engaged in clearing his land of stumps. The soil is rich and productive, annually yielding large hay and root crops. Mr. McKean keeps about nineteen head of cattle and three horses and is a member of the Dairymen's Association. He built an attractive new residence on his farm in 1898, and in 1916 he erected a barn. As above stated, he was elected appraiser for the Federal Farm Loan Association in the Cedarhome district, and has ably served in that capacity during the past eight years. The cause of education finds in him a stanch champion and he is also an active supporter of good roads projects. On the 30th of March, 1896, Mr. McKean was married at Everett to Miss Annie A. Moore, daughter of William B. Moore, extended mention of whom is made on another page of this work in connection with the sketch of James Keenan, late husband of Mrs. Lillian M. (Moore) Keenan, sister of Mrs. Annie A. (Moore) McKean. Mr. and Mrs. Edmund McKean are the parents of two sons and two daughters, as follows : Mrs. Alice Davison, who is a graduate of 740 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY the Washington State College and is now teaching school at Stanwood ; Mrs. Adeline Swanson, who attended college for one year and who is the mother of a daughter, Gloria ; Phillip, at home ; and Felix, a high school student. MARTIN N. LEQUE Martin N. Leque, a successful and up-to-date young agriculturist residing on the old homestead in the vicinity of Stanwood on which his birth occurred, devotes his attention to the cultivation of hay and grain and to dairying. He was born on the 1st of January, 1890, a son of Nels P. and Marie (Lindebrake) Leque, natives of Norway. The father was born in 1848, his parents being Peter and Sigri (Reiseter) Leque, who were likewise natives of Norway. He was the youngest of six children. After attending the common schools, he completed his education by a course in one of the normal schools of Norway. So diligently did he apply himself that at the age of eighteen he was ready to and did accept a position as a teacher. At the close of the second year of professional work, he decided to immigrate to the United States, of whose wonderful advantages he had so often heard, and in the spring of 1868 he settled in South Dakota, becoming one of the pioneers of that region. He took up a homestead in Clay county comprising one hundred and sixty acres on the Missouri river bottoms and there engaged in farming for seven years. On the expiration of that period, in 1875, he came to Washington. After remaining on McNeil island for a few months, he went to Henderson's bay near Steilacoom, and worked in the woods, taking out ship knees for a time. Early in 1876 he rented a farm north of Stanwood, and that fall in company with 0. B. Iverson, Nels Eide and A. Danielson, he purchased three hundred and twenty acres on what is now known as Leque island, situated just south of Stanwood. The partnership has since been dissolved, Mr. Leque now owning more than half of the island that bears his name. Situated at the mouth of the Stillaguamish river, the tract was originally filled with driftwood both above and beneath the surface, as it had been tide land, and the task of clearing and getting it in its present splendid shape was an undertaking that would have seemed impossible to a less resolute and industrious man. He constructed dikes and eventually brought the land to a fine state of cultivation. His principal products were oats and hay and he also maintained a dairy of forty head of thoroughbred Holstein cattle. Nels P. Leque remained on his ranch, one-fourth of a mile south of Stanwood, until 1911, when he removed to Bellingham, where he made his home until 1922, while since that time he has resided in Tacoma, Washington. A stanch republican in politics, he has always figured prominently in community development and at all times has exerted his influence in behalf of better roads and better schools. The following is an excerpt from a review of his career which appeared in a local publication while he was still a resident of Snohomish county : "For two terms he served with credit to himself as one of the board of county commissioners, and he has ever manifested an active interest in the affairs of Snohomish county, but being a man of liberal learning and a teacher he has naturally given most attention to the cause of education. During his many years of service on the school board he has contributed not a little to the efficiency of the local schools. To the industrial progress of his section also he has contributed his full share, the work which lay nearest his hand being always done with energy and thoroughness during all the years of his residence on Leque island." In 1876 Nels P. Leque assisted in the organization of the Stanwood Norwegian Lutheran church. In 1868, in Norway, Nels P. Leque was married to Marie Lindebrake, a daughter of Gjert and Martha (Hjeltness) Lindebrake, both of whom spent their entire lives in Norway. Mrs. Leque was born there in 1848, and received her education in the common schools. Three days after their marriage she and Mr. Leque started for the United States—rather an extended wedding trip at that date. Mrs. Marie Leque departed this life on the 12th of March, 1923. By her marriage she had become the mother of eleven children, as follows : Sigrid, who is the wife of E. L. Land and resides on Camano island ; Georgina, Martha and Anna, all of whom are deceased ; Alfred, who was born in the state of Washington on the 9th of October, 1878, and makes his home on Camano island ; Anna, the wife of Rev. O. J. Ordal, who is president of the Pacific Lutheran College at Parkland, Washington; Martin G. and George, both of whom have passed away ; Hannah, who gave her hand in marriage to J. H. Flolow and resides in Tacoma; Martin N., of this review; and Nels M., who is successfully engaged in the insurance business at Bellingham. Martin N. Leque, whose name introduces this article, pursued his early education in the grade and high schools of Stanwood and continued his studies in the Pacific Lutheran College at Parkland, Washington. He had attained his majority when in 1911 he returned to Stanwood HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 741 and took charge of his father's ranch in that vicinity, having since cultivated the property with excellent success. He purchased eighty acres of the place in 1922 and leases the other eighty-acre tract. In addition to the raising of hay and grain he conducts a dairy, keeping thirty head of good grade Holstein cows. He is a member of the Dairymen's Association. Mr. Leque operates a threshing machine and a hay baler and each fall does custom work besides his own. In his farm work he utilizes a tractor as well as horses, and large crops annually reward his well directed labors. His efforts are also effectively exerted in behalf of the general welfare, for he is an ardent champion of good roads and improved educational facilities. On the 12th of July, 1911, Mr. Leque was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Myron, a native of South Dakota and a daughter of Hans and Anna (Bottolf son) Myron, the former born in Norway, February 2, 1849, while the latter's birth occurred in Clay county, South Dakota, on the 12th of February, 1862. Hans Myron was but three years of age when in 1852 he was brought to the United States by his parents, who lived in Wisconsin until 1859, when they established their home among the pioneer settlers of Clay county, South Dakota. There Hans Myron took up a homestead claim as soon as he had attained his majority and for a number of years devoted his attention to the operation of a large ranch. He conducted a general merchandise store at Gayville, South Dakota, for six years but eventually removed to Vermilion, that state, in order that his children might enjoy better educational advantages. It was in 1910 that he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, and purchased the old Larson ranch on Camano island. He is now living retired at Stanwood, enjoying the fruits of his former toil in well earned ease. To him and his wife were born thirteen children, namely : Sigvart, who is deceased ; Mrs. Carrie Hills ; Tillie, who has passed away ; Alfred, a resident of Stanwood ; Mrs. Ella Chaussee, living at Burbank, South Dakota ; Eli, deceased; Eli F.; Mrs. Sarah (Myron) Leque ; Mrs. Irene Wick, living in Tacoma ; Mrs. Bessie Bore-son, who is a resident of Stanwood ; George, living in Everett, Washington ; Clifford, who makes his home at Stanwood ; and Lulu, who has passed away. Martin N. and Sarah (Myron) Leque are the parents of two children: Myron, who was born on the old homestead on the 9th of April, 1912, and is a high school student ; and Mary Ann, whose birth occurred on the old homestead on the 19th of November, 1921. M. T. HOKENSTAD M. T. Hokenstad is one of the influential citizens of Snohomish county. His chief characteristics are keenness of perception, a tireless energy, honesty of purpose and that quality of judgment which is ordinarily called common sense. This has enabled him not •only to advance his own interests, but also to largely contribute to the material, civic and moral advancement of the county. Mr. Hokenstad was born in South Dakota in 1877 and is a son of T. 0. and Ronnoug (Helmey) Hokenstad, both of whom were natives of Norway. The father, who is still living on his farm in South Dakota, is a cabinet and wagonmaker by trade. The mother passed away in 1914. To this worthy couple were born ten children, namely : Oben, who lives at Sioux Falls, South Dakota, is married and has six children. Bello, a resident of Corson, South Dakota, is married and has four children. Conrad, of Garretson, South Dakota, is married and has eight children. Gilbert is also a resident of Corson, South Dakota. M. T. is the next of the family. Bertha is the wife of Robert Nelson, of South Dakota and is the mother of six children. Theodore, a minister of the Lutheran church at Bremerton, Washington, is married and has three children. Rudolph, who' lives on the home place at Garretson, South Dakota, is married and has two children. Ruth died at the age of six years, and Henry is also deceased. M. T. Hokenstad received his elementary education in the public schools of his native state and Minnesota, and he was graduated from the State Normal School at Sioux Falls in the class of 1901. With the idea of further preparing himself for an educational career, he then took special work in English and mathematics in the University of Minnesota and taught three years in the country schools of South Dakota. In 1904 he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, where he taught in the public schools for seven years. After his marriage, in 1913, Mr. Hokenstad removed to Snohomish and bought fifteen acres of land, on which the only improvements were a few old buildings. The land was fairly well cleared except for stumps, of which there were many, but these he removed and erected a good set of farm buildings. His original intention was to go into the chicken business, but at the start he gave his chief attention to dairying. However, he eventually bought two hundred chicks, from which start he has gradually increased his flock until he now keeps three thousand 742 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY laying hens, all of which are White Leghorns of the Tancred strain. One reason for the splendid success which has accompanied his efforts is that he has not wasted time or money on inferior stock, but from the start has maintained his flock at the highest standard of purity, keeping only high graded trapnested stock. He paid seventy-five dollars for a pedigreed cockerel and one hundred and fifty dollars for two hundred eggs for hatching, and with this nucleus he has built up a flock of hens that cannot be excelled in this section of the state. He hatches about thirty thousand chicks a year, and finds ready sale for all that he puts on the market. He has made many fine improvements on his place and now has a very comfortable and attractive home. He was among the earliest commercial poultry and egg raisers of this locality and has set a splendid example along the line of preserving the high quality of his stock. In 1913, at Stanwood, Mr. Hokenstad was married to Miss Clara Christopherson, who was born at Faribault, Minnesota. Her parents, 0. and Matilda (Christensen) Christopherson, are natives of Norway, but were married after coming to this country and are now living near our subject. Mrs. Hokenstad is a cultured and well educated lady, having graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1904, where she specialized in history and Latin. She is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa of that university. She was principal of the high school at Hutchenson, Minnesota, and from 1907 to 1913 taught history in the Lincoln high school at Seattle. She has proven a true helpmate to her husband, taking a deep interest in his work, and has also been an efficient and capable worker in the civic affairs of the community, having been for the past two years president of the Snohomish county division of the Parent-Teacher Association, in which capacity she has gone to all parts of the county in her efforts to stimulate interest in and unify the work of the association. To Mr. and Mrs. Hokenstad have been born three children, Normal Allan, Rhoda Mae and Warren Raymond. Mr. Hokenstad is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association ; the Snohomish County Poultry Association, of which he was the first president and is now a member of the executive board ; the Washington State Accredited Hatchery Association ; and has been for several years president of the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association. He has taken a deep interest in educational affairs and is president of the Snohomish board of education. Since becoming a resident of this locality he has at all times heartily cooperated with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the prosperity and welfare of the community, his attitude and efforts being duly recognized and appreciated generally. Personally Mr. Hokenstad is a man of pleasing address, candid and straightforward in all his relations, generous in his support of all worthy causes, and cordial and friendly in his social contact. Because of his excellent qualities of head and heart, he has gained a high place in the confidence and esteem of the entire community and is regarded as a representative citizen. THOMAS K. LOGEN Among the farmers of the northwestern part of Snohomish county, who have made comfortable homes and surrounded themselves with valuable personal property, few attained a greater degree of success than the late Thomas K. Logen, whose death, on April 23, 1923, was considered a distinct loss to the community. With few opportunities except what his own efforts were capable of mastering and with many discouragements to overcome, he made an exceptional success of life and in his later years had the satisfaction of knowing that the locality of his choice had been benefited by his presence and his labors. He was regarded as a good business man, an excellent manager, of sound judgment and keen foresight, and one who believed in pressing forward to better things. Mr. Logen was a native of Norway, born on the 12th of March, 1851, and was a son of Kittel and Joran (Haarang) Pederson, both of whom died in that country. Of their seven children, four are living. Thomas K. Logen was reared on the home farm and attended the public schools of the neighborhood. In 1873, when twenty-two years of age, he emigrated to the United States in search of better opportunity for individual advancement and settled in Wisconsin, where he lived for five years, during which time he was employed as a farm hand. In 1878 he went to Boone county, Nebraska, where he resided for about a year, and then took up a homestead in Knox county, that state. He farmed that land until 1883. when he came to Stanwood, Snohomish county, Washington, and took up a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres three miles east of Cedarhome. The land was heavily covered with timber and brush, but he began clearing it, built a small house and eventually proved up on it. He then sold that place and in 1885 bought eighty acres of land near Stanwood, on which he at once moved and engaged in clearing the land of the timber, brush and logs which covered it. He took off some fine cedar timber during the process. About 1892 he built a large and well ar- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 743 ranged house and substantial barn, planted an orchard, and set out many shrubs and flowers, all of which added to the value and attractiveness of the place. About forty acres of the land was cleared, the remainder being devoted to pasture. Some years ago Mr. Logen bought twenty acres additional, so that at the time of his death he was the owner of one hundred acres of as good land as could be found in that section of the county. He sold the major portion of the farm to his two sons, reserving a few acres, on which he built a fine, modern house, commanding a splendid view of Puget sound, and here Mrs. Logen is now living with her daughter, Mrs. Gullstad. On March 12, 1880, Mr. Logen was married to Miss Andria Kittelsen, a native of Minnesota, from which state she went to Winnebago county, Illinois, where she made her home with an uncle until 1874, when she removed to Nebraska with her mother, Mrs. Levison, and lived there until her marriage. Further reference to her parents will he found in the sketch of Tosten G. Levison, on another page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Logen were born seven children. John Thomas, who was born in Nebraska, May 8, 1881, died June 14, 1884. Torger Christian was born June 16, 1885. Oscar Johan, born July 19, 1887, died December 24, 1887. Mrs. Tilda Annetta Waale, born December 11, 1888, had a daughter, Annette Holies, who was born March 29, 1926, and died April 10, 1926. Peter 0., born February 23, 1891, is married and is the father of four children; Thomas A., born December 1, 1917, Robert E., born April 28, 1919, Jean Andrea, born June 7, 1920 ; and Mary Louise, born October 12, 1922. Isabella Marie, born April 3, 1893, died November 4, 1909. Mrs. Jennie Louisa Gullstad was born December 31, 1897. *Torger C. Logen is the father of three children, Thurston, born November 6, 1913 ; Isabella E., born August 25, 1917 ; and Thelma E., born December 21, 1919. Mr. Logen was a man of more than ordinary character. Prominent and prosperous in his business affairs, he established a reputation for integrity, public spirit and the social amenities of life and became one of the influential citizens of his locality. He possessed marked individuality and was usually found in the lead when any movement was on foot for the betterment of the public welfare along material, civic or moral lines. Snohomish county has never had a worthier name on her roll of honorable citizenship and his record will long be an inspiration to those who knew him. Kindly and generous in his support of all benevolent and charitable causes, and cordial and friendly in all of his social relations, he had a host of warm and loyal friends. JAMES KEENAN James Keenan had been a resident of northwestern Washington for four decades and had made his home in the vicinity of Stanwood for about a quarter of a century when he departed this life on the 23d of April, 1925, in the sixtieth year of his age. His birth occurred at Pe-waukee, Wisconsin, on the 5th of November, 1865, his parents being Peter and Anne Keenan, natives of Ireland. The father emigrated to the United States about 1850 and remained a resident of Wisconsin until about the year 1883, when he removed to Escanaba, Michigan, where he made his home to the time of his death. which occurred in 1898. To him and his wife, who passed away in March, 1889, were born thirteen children. James Keenan acquired his education at Janesville, Wisconsin, and was a °ling man of nineteen when he made his way westward to Washington, settling at Mount Vernon, Skagit county, in November, 1884. In the following spring he began driving logs on the Samish river and he continued to follow logging until 1901, when he took up his abode on an eighty-acre ranch situated four miles north of Stanwood which was owned by his wife. Thereon he spent the remainder of his life. On the 14th of September, 1889, James Keenan was united in marriage to Lillian M. Moore, whose birth occurred on her father's old homestead two miles north of Stanwood. She enjoys the distinction of being the first white child born north of Centerville (now Stanwood), Snohomish county. Her parents were William B. and Lavinia (Gage) Moore, the former a native of. New York city, while the latter was born in Canada. William B. Moore was born on the 10th of April, 1833, and in the following year was taken by his parents from the Empire state to Michigan. His father, James Moore, was born in Dublin, Ireland, about the year 1800, came over to Boston, Massachusetts, while a youth and spent a year there, then going to New York, where he embarked in the general merchandise business and where he married. In 1834 he went to Detroit, Michigan, by steamer, the trip lasting three weeks. He located on government land some eight or nine miles from the city of Detroit and three miles from his nearest neighbor, and the remainder of his life was passed there. His death occurred in 1874. Alice (Marsh) Moore, mother of William B. Moore, was born in England about 1800, and was educated there, but came to New York as a young woman. She died August 13, 1872. 744 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY A typical representative of the class which became nomads of the desert that they might become builders of empires was William B. Moore, to whom the call of the west came when he was less than twenty-two. It is, indeed, regretful that no modern Virgil has appeared to sing in immortal verse of the heroic deeds and heroic sufferings of the people who braved the dangers of boundless plain and snowy, forbidding, misty mountain, traveling in caravans, camping under the open canopy of heaven at night, fording streams, guarding families and property from the onslaughts of predatory savages, dreading much but pausing for nothing, obedient always to that westward moving impulse which has been a controlling passion with the Anglo-Saxon race. The actors in this epic of the west were men of deeds, not of words. They have, left few records of those eventful days when they were grouped into organized towns and villages, but villages of canvas and villages on wheels, villages whose sites were always a little farther west each day than on the day preceding. They have, however, written their history all over the face of the country itself. Empires founded, wealth unearthed, resources developed, civilization's domain extended, a broad land subdued, cities built, homes established—these are the abiding monuments to the memory of the men who crossed the plains, and it may be that enough details of their experience have come down to our day or enough may be gathered from those of the argonauts who still survive to furnish some romancer of the future with inspiration and a theme. William B. Moore had earned a log schoolhouse education in his Michigan home by walking three miles to school, had had four years' experience in railroad work, starting in at seventy-five cents a day and increasing his stipend by diligent application, and had returned to his birthplace, the great metropolis of the Empire state. While there he met a brother who had just returned from California, and the stories told of the wild free life on the sunset slope soon fired his adventurous spirit. On the 10th of April, 1855, he set out with horses for the transcontinental trip. He had but two to start with, but in Iowa he purchased a third. In Ogden, Utah, one of these was stolen and in Thousand Spring Valley he lost another, so he substituted oxen and pushed on. In Carson valley, Nevada, one of his oxen succumbed and the rest of the trip was made behind a pair of horses. Arriving in the land of promise on the 20th of August he at once began digging for gold, but in December following he determined to rejoin a brother in Portland who was then in the volunteer service against the hostile Indians. After remaining with him till the fall of 1856, he went once more to California and he spent the winter in the Shasta district, at work in the mines. The summer of 1858 found him en route to the Fraser river country, the fever having seized him as it did thousands of others. The trip was made by the schooner Osceola to Whatcom, thence on foot to the Fraser river, provisions being transported on the backs of ponies, for which a trail had to be cut. Finding the prospects there discouraging he continued his journey northward to the vicinity of the Caribou country, but as provisions were getting low he was compelled to beat a retreat back to Fort Yale. There he accepted employment in a sawmill, at eighty dollars a month, and later, below that place, he got out some large timbers for boat purposes, at which he made three hundred dollars in five days. When the cold weather came in December he joined a party for a return to civilization and it was on this outward trip that he passed through some of the most trying of all his pioneer experiences. While he and his companions were descending the river in a canoe, following a narrow channel between banks of ice, they came upon an ice-bound vessel deserted. Farther down they came upon another ice-locked vessel, in which were about three hundred persons, the passengers from both vessels almost destitute of provisions and about to starve. The men in the canoe and those in the vessel soon concluded to strike out post haste for the nearest point at which succor could be secured, and for three days they pushed on, enduring incredible hardships, struggling against nature's barriers to progress, insufficiently clad and without food. Fifty-eight perished by the wayside, the first to succumb being the husband of the one woman who was in the company. Assisted and favored in every way possible by the gallant miners, she made the forty-mile trip in safety. From the Fraser river Mr. Moore came to Victoria by the steamer Otter, and there he remained a short time engaged in getting out timber for a sawmill, but he soon was once more on Puget sound, employed as a logger by Captain Thorndike of Port Ludlow. He was there about a year, then, in the spring of 1860 began driving oxen in the woods at Port Discovery, whence four months later he went to Utsaladdy. Purchasing an outfit there, he embarked in logging on his own account in Holmes harbor, and he was thus engaged till the spring of 1865, when he became identified with the Stanwood country. It was on April 14, 1865, the date of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, that he arrived in Stanwood. It will be seen that Mr. Moore was one of the very earliest pioneers of the Stillaguamish valley, and that he was one of the most forceful is evident from the fact that within one year after his arrival he had diked in one hundred and sixty acres of tide marsh land. For more than a decade he ran a logging camp in the vicinity, getting out great numbers of spars for HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 745 vessels; indeed, he claimed that he had supplied this class of timber to every civilized nation on the entire earth. He had the distinction of having put in the first skid road in the Puget sound country, in which the skids were arranged across the road, thus contributing much to the ease with which timber might be gotten out of the woods. While all this logging was in progress, Mr. Moore, with wonderful energy, was pushing agricultural developments also. He invested in the rich tide marsh of the valley until he was at one time the owner of five hundred and forty acres, much of which he cleared, diked and prepared for cultivation, but eventually he sold it off until at the time of his death he owned only sixty-three acres of the original place. He was engaged in general farming, but made a specialty of high-grade cattle and horses. In fraternal affiliation Mr. Moore was a Mason ; in politics a republican. He had the honor of serving as county commissioner for two years from 1866, thus leaving his impress upon the early political history of his section. A typical pioneer, he had, well developed, all the best characteristics of that honored class-self-reliance, industry, resourcefulness and a great versatility of talent. He had, from the earliest days, been one of the progressive forces of his community and deserved rank among the men who were prominent in making Snohomish county what it became. His death occurred on the 5th of February, 1913, when he was about eighty years of age. On the 13th of August, 1872, Mr. Moore married Miss Lavinia, daughter of George and Agnes (Eaton) Gage, both of whom were natives of the north of Ireland, and both of whom died in Skagit City, Washington, to which they had come in 1871. Mr. Gage had spent much of his life in Canada, engaged in farming. Mrs. Moore was born in the Dominion, October 7, 1843, and was educated in the excellent public schools there established. She died on the 13th of November, 1916, when seventy-three years of age. William B. and Lavinia (Gage) Moore reared a family of five children, as follows : Lillian M., who was born June 13, 1873, and who is the widow of James Keenan ; George E., whose natal day was February 22, 1875, and who resides at Burlington, Skagit county, Washington ; William T. Boardman, born October 7, 1877, who lives in Portland, Oregon; Anna Alice, born July 22, 1879, who is the wife of Ed. McKean and makes her home near Stanwood ; and Mrs. Mary Patterson, whose birth occurred on the 10th of March, 1881, and who lives at East Stanwood. James and Lillian M. (Moore) Keenan became the parents of four sons and three daughters, namely : Mrs. Lavina McHugh, who was born February 22, 1892, and who has a daughter, Carmen, born March 1, 1914 ; William, whose natal day was April 4, 1894, and who lives at home ; Mrs. Alice Meyer, residing at Everett, Washington, whose birth occurred June 24, 1897, and who has a daughter, Maxine, born June 26, 1923 ; George, who was born November 24, 1898, and who operates the home ranch ; Thomas, who was born June 12, 1900, and is also at home ; Frank C., who was born February 14, 1901, and died May 6, 1925 ; and Grace, who was born May 4, 1910, and is a high school student in Stanwood. Mrs. Lillian M. Keenan, the mother of the above named, conducts the home ranch north of Stanwood with the assistance of her son George. They milk twenty-three good grade cows, some of which are pure bred, and devote the land principally to the cultivation of hay and oats. Mrs. Keenan has membership in the Dairymen's Association and has made many friends throughout the community which has always been her home. R. D. DESELLE One of the worthy native sons of Snohomish county is R. D. Deselle, a progressive farmer and public-spirited citizen, who is the peer of any of his fellows in the qualities that constitute upright manhood and good citizenship. He is what he is from natural endowment and self-culture, having attained his present standing solely through the impelling force of his own strong nature, and he commands to a marked degree the confidence and esteem of the entire community. Mr. Deselle was born at Mukilteo, Snohomish county, January 5, 1885, and is a son of David and Caroline (Sorenson) Deselle. The father, who was born in the province of Quebec, Canada, died March 15, 1906, and the mother, a native of Norway, passed away September 9, 1904. The father went to California in 1864, where he lived until coming to Mukilteo, Washington, in 1879. His brother-in-law, G. T. Sorenson, had preceded him to this locality, arriving in the late '60s and had taken up a homestead near Monroe, where he had attained considerable prominence, having served as a justice of the peace. Mr. Deselle bought sixty acres of land near where the lighthouse now stands, and the draining of the spit was an enormous job. He used hollow cedar logs for culverts and during the time he lived there he spent much labor and money in his attempts to keep the spit drained, in which effort he was successful. It was good land and he planted a peach orchard, which grew to fine bearing condition. He 746 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY remained at Mukilteo from 1879 to 1890, when he removed to Snohomish, locating near our subject's present home, and he lived there until his death. It is an interesting fact of history that our subject's great-grandfather was in this part of the country about 1808, having come overland from Montreal in the interest of the Northwest Fur Company, who were bending every effort to get into this locality ahead of the Astor Fur Company. However, the Astor people, who came by the way of Cape Horn, won the race and the furs of this locality. As both of his parents were invalids for many years, much of the responsibility and hard work fell upon R. D. Deselle, for he not only looked after their personal comfort, but also had the farm to care for from the age of sixteen years. He carried on general farming, raising potatoes, berries and fruit, and also had a large run of chickens. He has now been living on this place for thirty-six years, one of the few in this locality with such a record for continuous residence on one farm. He has devoted himself closely to the operation of the farm and has attained much more than ordinary success, being a man of indomitable energy, up-to-date methods and sound business judgment. In 1906 Mr. Deselle was married to Miss Myrtle Willis, who was born in Centralia, Lewis county, Washington. Fraternally he is a member of Snohomish Aerie, No. 195, Fraternal Order of Eagles. He has been very active in cooperative work among the farmers of this county and to his untiring efforts is due a large share of the splendid results which have been secured through such means. He was first connected with the Snohomish County Horticultural Society, of which he was an active member. Later he became interested in the Garden City Cannery ; was elected a member of its board of directors in 1911; but this undertaking was not successful. In the meantime Mr. Deselle was busily engaged in the raising of vegetables, which he was selling in Everett, but a change in marketing conditions came and necessitated other methods on the part of the producer. He was one of the prime movers in the organization of a berry growers association and, after several meetings and a hard struggle, the Snohomish County Fruit Growers Association was formed. It was incorporated in 1916 and Mr. Deselle became an active member and secretary, and is now a member of its board of directors. He also helped to start the first farm loan association in the county and was interested in the establishment of the first cow testing station in the county. He also had a part in the organization of the Snohomish and Island Counties Dairymen's Association, which later became a part of the United Dairymen's Association. It is worthy of note that nearly all of these organizations were outgrowths of the Fruit Growers Association, which first demonstrated the practicability of such enterprises. Mr. Deselle was active in the opposition to artificial butters and other imitation foods. Mr. Deselle is also very active in his support and advocacy of good roads and, largely because of this fact, he was elected to the state legislature in 1923. Here he took an active and influential part in all efforts to advance the good roads movement and assisted in securing federal aid in getting the road through from Snohomish to Seattle. He has been very active in Grange work and largely through his efforts the Grange has become an active and effective force in this county. He is now master of the local Grange, whose membership is the second largest in the state, and which built a six thousand dollar grange hall in 1925. Mr. Deselle is a close and thoughtful reader, keeping in touch with the great issues of the day, and is well and accurately informed on leading economic questions and problems. He has stood stanchly for all that is best in community life and is always found on the right side of every moral issue. A man of forceful individuality, he has been a power for good and for the building up of the community, and no one in this county commands to a greater degree the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens than he. SIMON OLSON Simon Olson has spent many years of his life within the borders of Snohomish county and has earned a reputation as an enterprising and public-spirited citizen, for he has always given his support to everything in any way calculated to advance the general welfare. He has been a persistent and untiring worker, steady and methodical in his habits, and the splendid position which he holds in the esteem of his fellowmen has been well merited. Mr. Olson was born in Minnesota on the 13th of April, 1869, and is a son of Engbert. and Kari (Udby) Olson, both of whom were natives of Norway. They came to the United States in 1863, settling in Jackson county, Minnesota, where the father homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, to the operation of which he devoted himself for eighteen years. He sold that place in 1883 and came to Stanwood, Washington, where he preempted forty acres of land adjoining East Stanwood. At that time the land was densely covered with timber, brush HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 747 and logs and a vast amount of the hardest sort of labor was entailed in preparing it for cultivation. He built a small log cabin, in which the family first lived, and in the course of time he developed a splendid farm and a comfortable home, where he remained until his death, which occurred in 1905. The mother passed away in April, 1907. To this worthy couple were born six children, namely : Ole, who died in 1888 ; Thomas, who died in 1884 ; Betsy ; Saul, who lives in Arlington ; Simon, the immediate subject of this sketch ; and I ver, whose death occurred in April, 1925. Simon Olson attended the public schools of Minnesota and completed his schooling after coming to Washington. He then went to work in the lumber woods in Snohomish county, being for some time also in the employ of Cobb & Haley, on Vancouver island, British Columbia. He has followed logging during practically all of his active life and, through his steady and persistent industry and his wise economy, he is now able to take things more leisurely. He is living on fourteen acres of the home farm, where he is very comfortably situated and is enjoying life as only those can who have toiled to good purpose. Mr. Olson is an omnivorous reader and a close and thoughtful student, his researches covering a wide range of subjects, but he is especially interested in history, ancient, medieval and modern. He is an enthusiastic seeker after knowledge and spends weeks at a time in the library at Seattle, where he has access to all the standard authorities. In his private life his record has been such as to gain for him the respect of his fellowmen. ERIK EIDE Erik Eide, one of Stanwood's progressive and prosperous young citizens, employing the most modern and up-to-date methods in his farming operations, annually raises large crops of hay and oats and also devotes considerable attention to dairying interests. A worthy native son of Snohomish county, he was born on the old homestead in the vicinity of Stanwood on the 18th of January, 1893, his parents being Ole E. and Kirsti (Wold) Eide, both natives of Norway, the former born on the 7th of February, 1864, and the latter on the 24th of May, 1869. Ole E. Eide was a son of Eric and Ingeborg (Iverson) Hide, both of whom are deceased, the latter's death occurring in 1903. The youngest of a family of seven children, Ole E. Eide acquired his education in the common schools, and at the age of sixteen left home to become a sailor. Emigrating to the United States in 1887, he located at Stanwood, Washington, where his uncle, Nels Eide, had preceded him several years and had homesteaded a large tract of land on what is known as Leque island, which was covered with spruce, alder and juniper wood. Ole E. Fide assisted in clearing and diking the property. After coming to America he was employed in turn by Lon Larson, Nels Ovenell and Peter Leque. Later, after working for a time in a logging camp, he leased his uncle's farm for three years. At the expiration of the lease he moved to Bryant and invested in land, which he farmed for three years, then returning to assume the management of his uncle's farm, of which he became owner in 1904. Two years previous he had purchased forty-nine acres adjoining this property. He thus became the owner of one hundred and five acres altogether, of which sixty-five were in excellent cultivation at the time of his death, which occurred December 24, 1915. His chief products were oats and hay, but he owned a large dairy, and devoted much attention to that branch of farming. The ranch is now being operated by his son Erik, who lives thereon with his widowed mother. Just prior to his death Ole E. Hide erected a fine modern residence of ten rooms. The barn was built in 1890. On the 16th of April, 1892, Ole E. Eide was married to Kirsti Wold, daughter of Even and Ingeborg Wold, who were lifelong residents of Norway. The father, an agriculturist by occupation, passed away in 1907, while the mother departed this life in the year 1889. Their family numbered ten children, namely : Sigrid ; Ole, deceased ; Arne, deceased ; Ann Elizabeth, deceased; Lars, deceased ; Andrew ; Julius, deceased; Oleana ; Kirsti, who is the widow of Ole E. Eide ; and Julius. Mrs. Kirsti (Wold) Eide was educated in Norway and came to the United States in 1890. Ole E. Eide attended the services of the Lutheran church, in the faith of which he reared his family. He gave his political support to the republican party and made a commendable record in the position of road supervisor, which he filled for two years. While fie was still an active factor in the world's work a contemporary biographer said of him: "Known throughout the community as a thrifty, industrious man, who has reached his present prosperous condition by his own unaided efforts, he holds the respect of all who are acquainted with him." Ole E. and Kirsti (Wold) Eide reared a family of nine children. (1) Erik, of this review, is the eldest. (2) Even is married and has a daughter, Gloria. (3) Ingeborg, who is a grad- 748 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY uate of the State College of Washington at Pullman and who also pursued a course of study in Columbia University, is now a teacher of home economics at Ritzville, Washington. (4) Anna, who is a graduate of the State Normal School, at Bellingham, follows the profession of teaching at Plummer, Idaho. (5) Martha, also a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham, is engaged in teaching school at Ritzville, Washington. (6) Christine, a graduate of the State Normal School at Bellingham and a post-graduate of Columbia University, is engaged in teaching in the vicinity of Port Townsend, Washington. (7) Nina is now teaching at Orting, Washington. (8) Ole is attending St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota. (9) Lars is a junior in the Stanwood high school. All of the above named have been afforded excellent educational advantages. Erik Eide, whose name introduces this article, was a member of the first class which graduated from the Stanwood high school. Subsequently he completed a course in agriculture at the State College of Washington (Pullman) with the class of 1916. He spent the two succeeding years as a high school instructor at Sunnyside, Washington, and next served for one year as superintendent of warehouse and dairies at the Walla Walla state penitentiary. On the 15th of March, 1918, he enlisted in the United States army, in which he was assigned to the ordnance corps, and for two months was stationed at Vancouver Barracks. He next trained for two months at the University of Oregon and subsequently spent a similar period at Camp Hancock, Georgia. Thence he was sent to Camp McArthur, Texas, where he remained until the signing of the armistice. Following his discharge at Camp Lewis, Washington, in April, 1919, he returned home and took charge of the ranch of his widowed mother. In 1921, in association with 0. F. Finch of Seattle, he purchased one hundred acres of land adjoining the home place on the west and has since been busily engaged in diking and reclaiming fifty acres of this tract in addition to operating the old home ranch for his mother. He produces hay, oats and seeds and also conducts a dairy, having fifteen good grade Guernsey cows. Erik Eide belongs to the Dairymen's Association and is an honorary member of Alpha Zeta, an agricultural fraternity. He is likewise a stockholder in the People's. Telephone Company of Stanwood, with which he is identified in the dual official capacity of secretary and treasurer. A public-spirited, enterprising and progressive young citizen, Mr. Eide has withheld his support and cooperation from no movement or measure calculated to advance the general welfare. He is an effective worker in the good roads movement and in the cause of education and is now serving as director and clerk of Stanwood School District No. 99. His name is on the membership rolls of the American Legion. Possessed of considerable vocal talent, Mr. Eide belongs to the Norrona Chorus, a male singing society of Stanwood, and he enjoys deserved popularity in his home community. CHARLES LARSON Charles Larson, one of the valuable citizens whom the Scandinavian countries have furnished to the United States, has been a resident of Snohomish county for a period of thirty-four years, contributing his share toward the development of its rich agricultural resources, and all that he possesses has been won through the medium of his own efforts. He was born in 1850 and is a native of Sweden. His parents, Lars and Carrie (Lund) Nelson, were lifelong residents of that country and his father devoted his attention to the carpenter's trade. After his education was completed Mr. Larson served for two years in the Swedish army and then became a railroad employe, also working in mines. In 1881 he decided to profit by the opportunities of the new world and for five years lived in Omaha, Nebraska, working for a brick mason and a plasterer contractor. On November 5, 1886, he started for California and spent four years in Los Angeles. He then came to Washington, arriving in Seattle on the 10th of March, 1890. Two years later he located in Marysville, Washington, where he remained for three years, and in 1895 began farming in the vicinity of South Snohomish. In 1896 Mr. Larson purchased his present place of seventy-four acres and he now has about twenty acres under cultivation. There were no roads in this section and pioneer conditions prevailed. The land had been partly logged and a small house stood on the property. In the early days Mr. Larson rented bottom land and kept a few cows and chickens, making a trip to Everett each week to market his produce. He has built a fine home and added other improvements to his place, which is well cared for, presenting a neat and attractive appearance. He has made a success of poultry raising and his dairy is modern, sanitary and well equipped. In 1878 Mr. Larson was married in Sweden to Miss Sophie Djarf sten, who passed away in 1910. She had become the mother of six children. Lyda, the oldest, was a native of HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 749 Sweden and died soon after reaching the United States. Her sister, also named Lyda, was born in Omaha, Nebraska, is now Mrs. Crease, of Clearlake, Washington, and has two children, both of whom are married. Arthur is living in Snoqualmie, Washington, and has a wife and three children. Levi is also married and draws a pension from the government in recompense for twenty years of faithful service in the navy. David, the fifth in order of birth, is deceased. Benjamin is a bachelor and lives in Alaska. He went to France with the coast artillery and participated in five battles, courageously defending his country. Mr. Larson was married in 1914, his second union being with Anna Anderson, formerly a resident of Illinois. Mr. Larson is a loyal American, in complete sympathy with every worthy public project, and is highly esteemed in his district. He is a firm believer in the value of hard work and at the age of seventy-six years is exceptionally well preserved, for the exercise of effort has kept him alert. V. W. HASELTON V. W. Haselton is the owner of extensive farming interests in Snohomish county. His valuable property has been acquired through persistency of purpose and determination, and the prosperity, which is the legitimate reward of all earnest effort, is today his. Moreover Mr. Haselton is easily the peer of any of his fellows in the qualities that constitute upright manhood and good citizenship, possessing not only those powers which render men efficient in the material affairs of life but also those qualities which make for genial social intercourse. A. native of the state of Minnesota, he was born in 1874, and is a son of A. L. and Clara (Cay-wood) Haselton. The mother, a native of the Carolinas, was married in Minnesota and has lived in Seattle since 1890. The father was a native of Vermont, in which state he was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he followed there. Eventually he moved to Minnesota, where he lived for some years, and is now living in southern Oregon. He has taught school for fifty years, being a very successful educator. During his earlier years he was sickly and was thus unable to serve in the army during the Civil war, but he had a brother killed in that struggle. V. W. Haselton came to Washington with his mother in 1879 and located at Mill Creek, near Walla Walla, to which place the father had previously gone and was engaged in teaching. They made the trip from the east by railroad to San Francisco, thence by boat to Portland, Oregon, and by railroad to their new home. The father had gone from Minnesota to Dakota, where he had homesteaded land, and that was their home when they decided to come to Washington. V. W. Haselton secured his education in the public schools at Prescott, near Walla Walla and when he was thirteen years of age the family moved to Pomeroy, where they remained about a year, going thence to Pendleton, where, at the age of fourteen years, V. W. Haselton secured a night job as an engine wiper on the Northern Pacific Railroad. In 1890 he went to Seattle, where he secured employment as a fireman with the Seattle Terminal Company. In 1894 he lost his job through the great strike of that year, and then went down through California and Mexico, working at anything he could find to do. Later he again engaged in railroading, running one year out of Pocatello, and in 1895 returned to Seattle, where he was reinstated as a fireman. Soon afterwards he was made an engineer, following that calling until 1907, with headquarters at Seattle. In April, 1906, Mr. Haselton bought his present place, on which was still standing the original timber, and all his savings were expended in the work of putting in a dam and clearing the land. He then returned to the employ of the Great Northern Railroad, working long enough to save money with which to tide him over until his farm should become productive. He has since devoted himself indefatigably to the development and operation of the place, in which he has been rewarded with very satisfactory success. All of the buildings and other improvements are up-to-date in character and arrangement and he now has a very valuable homestead. Dairying is his principal business and for the past eleven years he has kept a herd of thirty-three registered Ayrshire cattle. Up to about eight years ago he retailed milk, after which for a number of years he sold milk to creameries but is now again handling it himself. Because of the success which has crowned his efforts, "Riverview farm" has gained an enviable reputation throughout this section of the county. On January 17, 1901, Mr. Haselton was married to Miss Julia Johnson, a native of Kansas and a daughter of Iver and Caroline (Alderman) Johnson. Her father, who is now deceased, was born in Norway, March 7, 1817, while her mother, a native of Wisconsin, is living in this county with her daughter, Mrs. L. H. Larson. In 1881 Mr. Johnson brought his family to Washington, locating on Whidbey island, but returned to Kansas a year later. In 1885 they again came to this state, locating at Mukilteo, where they remained about a year, when the 750 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY father bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, comprising the present home of his son, W. 0. Johnson, and to the clearing and improvement of that land devoted his attention, eventually developing a fine home there. During much of the time during those early years he fished in summer and devoted his winters to clearing the land. He gave considerable attention to dairying, taking his butter and milk to Everett. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson were born four children : W. 0., who now occupies the old home place and is mentioned on another page of this work ; Sarah, the wife of Lewis H. Larson, who lives near the old home place and also is mentioned elsewhere in this volume ; Julia ; and Freddia, who was drowned when about ten years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Haselton are the parents of three children, namely Iver, who has charge of a gas station in Seattle for the Associated Oil Company ; Owen, at home; and Julia, who is attending high school. Mr. Haselton has always taken deep interest in local public affairs and has rendered effective service as a member of the school board. Fraternally, he is a member of Everett Lodge, No. 479, B. P. 0. E. His is the story of a life whose success may be measured by its usefulnes, a life that has made for good in all its relations with the world. He has cooperated with his fellowmen in all measures for the advancement of the community and has maintained a generous attitude towards all worthy causes. He possesses a strong social nature and by his genial and social attitude towards those with whom he comes in contact he has won the friendship of many. SOREN BERGESON Soren Bergeson, who was for many years engaged in prospecting and mining, and is now the owner of a fine farm near Darrington, was born in Norway and came to America with his parents, Berger and Marran Trangsrud, both also natives of Norway. They came to the United States in July, 1851, settling in Racine county, Wisconsin, where they spent their remaining years, the father dying in 1854 and the mother in 1878. The father was a mechanic and a man of fine personal character. To this worthy couple were born eleven children, of whom four are living, Halvor, Ole, Soren and Johanna. Johanna was married, on June 22, 1873, to Hans Larson, who is now deceased. Soren Bergeson was educated in the public schools of Wisconsin and Iowa, moving to the latter state in 1864. He lived there until the fall of 1868, when he went to Sioux Falls, South Dakota, of which locality he was a pioneer, and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land. To the operation of this land he devoted his attention for nineteen years and in September, 1887, he came to Stanwood, Washington. For many years thereafter Mr. Bergeson was engaged in prospecting and mining, in which he met with a very satisfactory success, and in 1918 he bought one hundred acres of land near Darrington. He now lives in the town of Darrington, where he makes his home with his sister, Mrs. Larson. He is a gentleman of excellent character and is held in the highest esteem. He has won a comfortable competence through his own efforts and his life story should serve to stimulate and encourage others. JOHN WESTIN Among those who have set worthy examples in the way of persistent industry along well directed lines, and who are now enjoying a well merited prosperity, stands John Westin, whose fine dairy farm is located near Granite Falls. He was born in Sweden on the 17th of May, 1880, and is a son of Peter and Bereta Anderson, both of whom are deceased. He was reared at home and attended the public schools. In 1900 he came to the United States, locating in Illinois, where he lived about eight months. In 1901 he came to Seattle, Washington, where he was employed as a cement worker until 1915, and during that time he bought a good home in that city. In 1915 he purchased fifty acres of land near Granite Falls, only four acres of which were cleared. He now has nine acres cleared and under cultivation, the remainder being in timber and pasture. Here he built a good house and other farm buildings and is giving his attention to dairy farming, for which purpose he keeps a nice herd of good grade Guernsey cows. He has devoted himself very closely to this line of effort and now is very comfortably situated. In 1903 Mr. Westin was united in marriage to Miss Clara Nelson, also a native of Sweden, and they are the parents of a son, who is now a student in the University of Washington. Mr. Westin is a member of the Grange and of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He is a republican in his political views, though at local elections he considers the fitness of the HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 751 candidate for office as paramount to party considerations. He has maintained a deep interest in educational matters and served six years as clerk of the school board. Though unassuming in manner, Mr. Westin is a man of strong individuality and commands the respect of all who come in contact with him. EDWARD C. DAILEY Edward C. Dailey is a successful lawyer and for twenty years he has engaged in general practice at Everett. He is a native of Hudson Falls, New York, and his parents, Warren S. and Philinda (Hemingway) Dailey, are deceased. The father was a manufacturer and went to Nebraska in 1878. Edward C. Dailey attended a private school and afterward read law in the office of a Nebraska attorney. He was admitted to the bar in 1892 and practiced in Nebraska until 1903. He then came to Everett, where he has since maintained an office. He is one of the best known criminal lawyers in the city and conducts a large practice. In 1881 Mr. Dailey married Miss Mary Saus, of Nebraska, by whom he has seven children : Chester, a graduate of the University of Washington and a resident of Everett ; Alvah, who is associated with his father in practice ; Ervin, who was graduated from the University of Washington and is practicing law in Seattle ; Arthur and Walter, also residents of that city ; Mrs. Frances Stevens ; and Florence, at home. Mr. Dailey is a Knight Templar Mason and an Elk, while in politics he is a republican with independent views. ANDREW P. DACKE The qualities which have made A. P. Dacke one of the leading men of Snohomish county have also gained for him the esteem of his fellows, for his career has been one of well directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods. It would be hard to find in his section of the county a more energetic, industrious and progressive farmer than he and his career as outlined in the following paragraphs abounds in both lesson and incentive. Mr. Dacke was born at Smaland, Sweden, on the 15th of May, 1867, and he is a son of Carl Johan and Cath-rina (Blad) Dacke. The father was a military man, having served thirty-six years in the Swedish army, and his death occurred March 19, 1924, at the age of eighty-one years. His wife died in 1916. They were the parents of ten children, namely, Andrew P., Emma C., Sven August, Johannes M., Wilhelm, Adolph, Johan, Carl and two who are deceased. Andrew P. Dacke attended the public schools of his native land and remained at home until 1890, when he emigrated to the United States, going direct to Seattle, Washington. He was employed on the cable road in that city two years, and then went to Anacortes, Washington, where he was connected with the city water works department two and a half years. From there he came to Snohomish county, where he was employed in shingle mills at Bryant for three and a half years, after which he went to Cedarhome and worked in saw and shingle mills for the Cedarhome Lumber Company about four years. In 1900 his father-in-law gave to him and Mrs. Dacke a ranch and he immediately started to develop it. He cleared a considerable portion, put it into cultivation and met with success. In 1908 he bought thirty acres adjoining and is now operating both places. He keeps eight good grade cows, for which he has plenty of pasture, and he also raises abundant crops of hay, oats and potatoes. He has improved his farm until today it is one of the most attractive country homes in this section of the county, the house being surrounded with a well-kept lawn, ornamented with flowers and shrubbery, the appearance of the place indicating him to be a man of excellent taste and sound and discriminating judgment. On April 21, 1899, Mr. Dacke was married to Miss Edith Christina Norman, who was born in Nebraska, June 6, 1881, a daughter of Peter Olof and Catherine E. (Lantbom) Norman, natives of Sweden, the father having been born at Ragunda and the mother at Gotland. They came to the United States about 1870, settling in Nebraska, where they lived some years, and then moved to Kansas. In 1883 they came to Snohomish county and settled at Cedarhome, where the father preempted eighty acres of timber land. The only building on the place was a small house of split cedar, in which they lived for a few years, and the country about them was so wild that there was not a road near them. In 1889 they built a larger and better house, in which they spent their remaining years, the father dying in January, 1916, and the mother 752 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in January, 1919. They were the parents of four children: Peter Lawrence, born December 3, 1876, and now deceased ; Albert Johannes, born May 31, 1878, now deceased; Oscar Andrew, born December 23, 1879, also deceased ; and Edith C., born June 6, 1881. Mr. Dacke has been loyal and true in every phase of life's activities, has performed his full part as a citizen of his community, supporting all measures for public improvement and has been generous in his support of benevolent and charitable causes. He is also genial and cordial and these qualities have won him many friends. R. A. MURPHY Possessing a self-reliant nature and a spirit of enterprise, R. A. Murphy has demonstrated his ability to cope with life's problems and difficulties and his career has been marked by continuous progress. He has won success in the hotel business, with which he has been connected for many years, and his place near Silver Lake is one of the most popular resorts in this part of the county. A son of Allen and Harriet (McClay) Murphy, he was born in 1864 and is a native of Ottawa, Canada. His father was engaged in the lumber business and also followed the occupation of farming. His life's labors were ended in 1893 but the mother is still living in the Dominion. R. A. Murphy spent his boyhood on the homestead and attended a school near Ottawa. He aided his father in the cultivation of the soil and at the age of seventeen ran away from home, securing a position as bellboy in the Russell House at Ottawa. He remained there for three years and in 1885 went to Port Arthur. He afterward worked in a hotel at Duluth, Minnesota, and in near-by towns. In 1893 he journeyed to the Pacific coast and for eight years lived in Spokane, Washington, following the same line of work. He moved to Seattle in 1902 and there secured passage on a steamer bound for Alaska. He spent two years in that country, filling a position in a hotel, and on his return to Seattle became connected with the Sergian Hotel, in which he was employed until 1916. In 1915 he had purchased his present farm, which is situated about three-quarters of a mile south of Silver Lake and comprises forty-four acres. A log cabin had been erected by the previous owner of the tract and in this rude dwelling Mr. Murphy resided until the new building was completed in 1916. It contains a large ballroom for those who desire to dance and has every facility for the accommodation of guests. Meals are served by appointment and the place is the oldest of the kind on the Seattle road. A specialty is made of chicken dinners and unexcelled home cooking brings motorists from far and wide to Murphy's Corner. The success of the venture is largely due to the culinary art of Mrs. Murphy, who is also a capable manager and has charge of this end of the business. Her husband attends to the farm work and is gradually clearing the place, spending as much time as possible out of doors in order to regain his health. In 1910 Mr. Murphy was united in marriage to Miss Mamie Lauer, a native of Los Angeles, California, and during the period of their residence in the county they have gained a large circle of friends, who are thoroughly appreciative of their genuine worth. 0. T. WEBB 0. T. Webb, one of the foremost members of the Everett bar and formerly prosecuting attorney for Snohomish county, has won the confidence and respect of all who have watched his career as a lawyer, for he has uniformly shown himself to be a man of sound judgment, broad legal knowledge and unswerving integrity. A native of Wisconsin, he was born in Wausau, July 5, 1883, and was a youth of sixteen when his parents, Andrew and Karen Webb, came to Washington. They established their home at Lowell, now known as Everett, in July, 1899, and the mother is still a resident of the city but the father has passed away. After the completion of his high school course Mr. Webb matriculated in the State Normal School at Bellingham, which he attended for three years. He was graduated from the law department of the University of Washington in 1905 and has since practiced in Everett with, marked success. He has never lost the attitude of a student toward his profession and an extensive clientele has given him experience in practically all branches of jurisprudence. He was deputy prosecuting attorney of Snohomish county from 1909 until 1913 under Judge Ralph C. Bell and prosecuting attorney in 1915 and 1916. Mr. Webb gave to every detail of the work deep thought and attention and established a remarkable record during his tenure of office. During the year 1915 he convicted ninety-seven per cent of all criminals tried. During the six HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 753 months previous to June 15 he tried one hundred and three justice court cases in Everett and did not lose a single case, nor did he lose a criminal case in the superior court during that period. He never encouraged unnecessary litigation and thus saved the county thousands of dollars. But, on the other hand, he stood squarely for the highest degree of justice and fairness, and when prosecuting a real offender or violator of the law he handled the criminal without fear or favor. In collecting delinquent . state license fees the Washington board of tax commissioners notified Mr. Webb that he had made the best record in the state. Among other important matters handled by Mr. Webb in 1916 were the legal details of the county road bond issue. This matter was dealt with in such a manner that the bonds were immediately approved by the New York bond attorneys, much to the satisfaction of the people of Snohomish county. In 1914 Mr. Webb married Miss Amanda Hedberg, of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and to this union has been born one child, Marion. Mr. Webb is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is an influential member of the Scandinavian Brotherhood of the Northwest and about 1913 served as grand president for Alaska, Canada, Oregon, Washington, Idaho and California. He has a host of loyal friends throughout the county and exemplifies in his conduct the lofty ideals of an ancient and noble calling. NED H. ANDERSON With diligence and determination as his salient characteristics, Ned H. Anderson has rapidly mounted the steep ladder which leads to success, outdistancing many who started far in advance of him, and he is now at the head of the Snohomish Creamery Company, which has a record of twenty-one years of successful operation. He was born April 21, 1897. His parents, Swan and Matilda Anderson, came as pioneers to Snohomish county, where the mother took up a homestead. Ned H. Anderson was reared on the home ranch and received a public school education. He aided in the farm work and gradually mastered the details of agricultural pursuits, which he followed until 1919. He then became one of the organizers of the Homestead Dairy, which was established at Everett, but in 1922 the business was sold. Mr. Anderson then purchased the business of the Snohomish Creamery Company, which was founded in 1905 by E. Phillipsine and is one of the oldest organizations of the kind in the county. The plant is well equipped and is situated at No. 611 First street, Snohomish. The company buys milk from the farmers in this district and makes from one thousand to fifteen hundred pounds of butter per day. The Goldshield products manufactured by the firm, are unexcelled in quality and there is a steady demand for the output of the plant. Mr. Anderson is president of the company and has developed a large business, combining a comprehensive knowledge of the dairy industry with administrative power and keen sagacity. On January 7, 1921, Mr. Anderson married Miss Rena Haveman, a native of Michigan and a daughter of Ralph and Beth Haveman. Her parents settled in Lynden, Washington, in 1899, and her father is now conducting a garage. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have two children : Harold Rogers and Beth Mavis. Mr. Anderson is connected with the United Commercial Travelers, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, while his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is an exceptionaly capable young business man, well equipped to cope with the strenuous conditions of modern commercial life, and occupies a secure place in the esteem of the citizens of Snohomish. ROBERT W. HUNT From the age of fourteen years Robert W. Hunt has depended upon his own resources for livelihood, following a seafaring life during his youth, and a self-reliant nature, a progressive spirit and keen intelligence have enabled him to rise from a lowly position to one of power and influence as sales manager at Everett of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company. He was born in 1869 on the island of Ceylon and his parents, Abram W. and Jane Hunt, were natives of Scotland. The father was the owner of a large coffee plantation in Ceylon and remained on the island until 1883, when the crop proved a failure. It was a disastrous year for Abram Hunt, who sustained heavy losses, and coffee has never been produced in that part of the world since that time. 754 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY The family had remained in Scotland and Robert W. Hunt attended the public schools of Edinburgh until 1883, when lie was obliged to become a wage earner. He obtained a position in a law office, which he left at the end of three months, afterward working for a month in a tailor shop and for a similar period was employed in a book bindery. He decided to leave home but returned soon afterward and went to sea, working on naval training ships for three years. In June, 1886, he joined the crew of an American sailing vessel loaded with a cargo of coal for Hongkong, China. He boarded the ship at an English port and in 1887 left the vessel at Hadlock, Washington. He worked in sawmills of that locality for two years and then went to South Bend, Washington, where he lived for three years. His parents had migrated to Australia and in 1891 he returned home. Again shipping before the mast, for three years he followed the roving life of a sailor, working on boats which visited the South Sea islands. Mr. Hunt remained in Australia until 1899 and then returned to the United States. At South Bend, Washington, he acquired valuable experience in the lumber business and on September 1, 1905, came to Everett as an employe of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company. He started in the yards and his diligence and ready adaptability were rewarded by successive promotions. Since 1907 he has filled the office of sales manager and the record made by the department during the intervening period proves that the choice was a wise one. A keen student of human nature, he has thoroughly grasped the art of salesmanship and is a recognized expert in his line of work. When he came to Everett the mill was producing one hundred thousand feet of lumber every ten hours and it now has a daily capacity of one million, two hundred and fifty thousand feet. In 1905 Mr. Hunt was united in marriage to Miss Clara Belle Brown, a native of Spokane, Washington, and they now have two children : Amy Lindsay and Robert William, Jr. Mr. Hunt votes the republican ticket and is a member of the Cascade and Kiwanis Clubs and the West Coast Lumbermen's Association. He has visited many parts of the world and is thoroughly satisfied with Everett as a place of residence. In the school of experience he has learned valuable lessons which have enabled him to solve life's problems and difficulties, and his record is a highly creditable one, proving what may be accomplished when effort and ambition combine. LLEWELLYN GOODRIDGE Llewellyn Goodridge, successfully engaged in farming pursuits near Florence, is a worthy native son of Snohomish county and one of the most popular citizens of his community. His birth occurred at Florence, Washington, on the 5th of June, 1871, his parents being Gardner and Polly Goodridge. The father departed this life on the 10th of May, 1913, when eighty years of age. He was a farmer, stock raiser, dairyman and fruit grower, residing southeast of Stanwood, and was one of the grand pioneer characters of the entire Pacific northwest, a man forceful in his dealings with the Indians in the early days, one with large sympathy for the natives, but of the sterling stuff from which the men must be made who win the wild for civilization. His life story is extraordinary and remarkable, spanning as it did a continent in its embrace, and more than the average number of years allotted to man. Mr. Goodridge was born in Canaan, Maine, February 28, 1833. His father, Orin Goodridge, was also a native of Canaan and died in Maine in 1902, at the age of ninety-three years. Samuel Goodridge, the paternal grandfather of Gardner Goodridge, served in the Revolutionary war. Mrs. Lydia (Thurston) Goodridge was born in Maine, the daughter of a Revolutionary war patriot, and died at seventy-three years of age, the mother of seven children. When but twelve years of age, Gardner Goodridge started out for himself, running away from home and working in the woods up the Kennebec river. For eight years he lived this life, but in 1853 came to California via New York and the Isthmus of Panama, walking across the latter. In California he commenced mining in Butte county on the Feather river, working for six and seven dollars per day. He eventually started out prospecting for himself and made plenty of money which, like that of many an old fashioned miner, went as quickly as it came. In 1858 Mr. Goodridge joined in the rush for the Fraser river diggings but got no further than Victoria, where he and his partner, James Perkins, found thousands anxious to get out of the country. The partners then took the old schooner Jeanette for Utsaladdy, arriving practically penniless, as were hundreds of others rushing out from the Fraser country. Into the logging camps they went and soon Mr. Goodridge commenced logging on his own account. In 1864 the partners commenced logging operations about two miles north of where Stanwood now stands, and at the same time took up squatters' claims, by that act becoming the two original settlers on the lower Stillaguamish river. At about the same time five families came in—John Silver, George Nevi's, Harry Marshall, Willard Sly and Daniel Marvin---A but the last named having native HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 755 wives. Dense woods covered the land and not a trail led through the dark and tangled forest. The men had to go to Coupeville for their supplies, making one trip in the spring and another in the fall. At times, owing to unfavorable winds, they had to remain on the beach for a week before they could cross the straits, and at such times they had to depend on clams and fish for their subsistence. Mr. Goodridge was fortunate in having fifteen hundred dollars, which had been paid him for his logging work, and he was enabled to live on that while he cleared his land and prepared it for producing his first crops, which were vegetables and corn, which he furnished at good prices to the men in the logging camps. In 1858 the overflow from the Fraser river country caused a number of white prospectors to come into the valley of the Stillaguamish river. Their arrival roused the opposition of the Indians, and one party was fired on by the natives and fled for safety .across the Utsaladdy. It was in 1861 that Mr. Goodridge took to himself a native wife, Polly, whose father was a medicine man who fell into disfavor with his tribe and was murdered by them in bed with his wife, both being killed by the same shot. Polly was raised by a chief. She had two sisters who also married white men. Because he had taken to himself an Indian wife, the natives did not molest Mr. Goodridge and allowed him to settle on his land, on which they had refused settlement to other whites. Perhaps also there was another reason, to-wit : that he had settled there and proposed to stay there, by force if necessary. The spot had been a red man's burial place, and the bodies of the dead remained in canoes placed in trees above high water mark. Mr. Goodridge notified the Indians to remove their dead and gave them three days in which to do the work. They told him that he did not dare touch the dead, and the stanch old pioneer replied that it was only the living that he had cause to fear. The Indians declined to remove their dead and the white man did it for them. He got spruce logs and burned the dried bodies ; the others he consigned to the river. Two days were consumed in this weird work. After this had been done three canoe loads of Indians, thirty red men to a canoe, came down the river, and pay for ravaging the city of their dead was demanded. The answer of Mr. Goodridge consisted in his going to the house for his gun and knife. While he was gone his native wife told the Indians that he was a "bad Boston man" and would kill them all if they did not go away. The ninety red men were just disappearing around a bend up the river when Mr. Goodridge arrived on the bank with his arms, ready to defend his title to the land. Mrs. Polly Goodridge died in October, 1871. She was the mother of four children, namely Sirus, deceased ; Mrs. Lydia Locke, a resident of Seattle ; one who died in infancy ; and Llewellyn, of this review. In 1879 Mr. Goodridge married another Indian woman, a native of the Skagit river country, named Jennie. She was a reservation Indian and her marriage to Mr. Goodridge was the signal for trouble. The Indian agent and fifteen armed red men came to the Goodridge home to return her to her people. Demand was made for her, but her husband firmly declined. Mrs. Goodridge took refuge in the house and locked the door. Under orders of the agent the Indians made an attempt to break open the building but the stern pioneer guarded the door. He had always stood for his rights and the red men finally came to understand that his orders were to be respected, so when he told them to get away, they retired. This was the last trouble Mr. Goodridge ever had with the natives. His marriage to the Indian girl was soon after solemnized according to the laws and rites of the whites, silencing all quibbles on the part of the agent. To this union were born four children, three of whom are living, all well educated : Orin, who has interests in mines at Roosevelt, Idaho ; Mrs. Mary Husby ; and Ira. According to Mr. Goodridge the first house erected on the site of Stanwood was built in 1877 by James Caldin and Robert Freeman, and the carpenters employed there had to come down to Mr. Goodridge's place for their board. The building was used as a saloon. A man named Folton had taken up the land where old Centerville had stood across the river from Stanwood, in the fall of 1865. John Gould bought his right in 1866 and kept powder, shot and groceries for sale. Two years later he sold out to George Kyle, and then the name of Centerville was given the place, the mail being brought by boat from Utsaladdy, nine miles away. Later John Briggs bought Mr. Kyle's store and farm, and in turn sold it to Charles Anderson. Mr. Goodridge continued to remain here from the time he first located as a squatter until the date of his death. The family was reared under the best influences. The father was director of school district No. 3 for twenty years, and was always an influential factor for the education of the young of the community. His children received the best schooling afforded and were among the most intelligent of the younger set of people. The young men were exemplary, using neither tobacco nor liquor, enjoying the highest respect of their fellows. The home farm comprised one hundred acres and could have been sold at any time for fifteen thousand dollars but the old place had so many memories that Gardner Goodridge never sold it. In his farm work Mr. Goodridge raised hay, oats and vegetables. His dairy herd consisted of seventeen cows and the milk was separated at home and taken to a creamery in which Mr. 756 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Goodridge owned an interest. In politics Mr. Goodridge was a republican, believing the principles of that party most conducive to good government. Llewellyn Goodridge, whose name introduces this article, received a public school education at Florence and until 1896 assisted his father in the operation of the home ranch and the dairy. He had attained the age of twenty-five years when he rented a house in the vicinity of Florence and went to work on the river for the Stanwood Boom Company. Subsequently he spent five years with the firm of Cobb & Haley in similar work at Port Susan. On the expiration of that period he returned to Florence and engaged in hauling logs on his own truck during the summer, while in the winter season he assisted in clearing a twenty-acre tract of land at Florence which he had purchased while employed at Port Susan. About 1914 he bought five acres of land adjoining and he now owns twenty-six acres on the outskirts of the town of Florence. He is also the owner of a twenty-acre tract lying one-half mile south of Florence and operates both places himself, his principal crops being hay and forage for the silo. Mr. Goodridge milks ten good grade cows. In 1925 he picked fifteen tons of evergreen blackberries on the rich river bottom soil of his home place. He has membership in the Dairy Association and is held in high esteem as a good neighbor, an honest and sincere friend and a public-spirited and loyal citizen. On the 22d of September, 1891, Mr. Goodridge was united in marriage to Emma Smith, a native of Utsaladdy, Washington, and a daughter of William H. and Katie Smith, the latter born in Skagit county. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Goodridge are the parents of two sons and a daughter. Edward W., whose birth occurred in Florence on the 28th of December, 1892, is married and has two children : Lauvonne E., born March 13, 1924, and Laverne, born November 2, 1925. Mrs. Edith Rosan, whose natal day was April 3, 1898, lives in San Francisco, California. Gardner L., who was born on the 25th of May, 1900, is married and has two children : Llewellyn, born May 1, 1921, and Kathleen, born April 15, 1923. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Llewellyn Goodridge of this review are all natives of Florence, Washington. CAPTAIN HARRY RAMWELL Captain Harry Ramwell is classed with Everett's builders and promoters and fifty-three years' connection with navigation interests have made him familiar with every phase of the maritime development of the Pacific northwest. He is the owner of a large fleet of boats, as well as several docks, and has achieved prominence in many walks of life, excelling in everything that he undertakes. He began his career as a common seaman and his constantly expanding powers have made him capable of controlling varied and important affairs, the success of which depends upon exceptional administrative capacity. A native of Massachusetts, Captain Ramwell was born in 1862 of the marriage of Henry and Mary Ramwell, the former of whom also followed a seafaring life. The son attended the public schools of the east and when very young shipped before the mast. He arrived in Seattle, Washington, in 1873 and for some time worked on steamers plying the sound. He was afterward a fisherman on the Columbia and Frazer rivers and subsequently bought the steamer Elmore, which he operated in Alaskan waters until the spring of 1902, making his headquarters in Nome. On his return to Washington Captain Ramwell located in Everett and purchased two more boats, forming the American Tugboat Company. In 1907 he built a large dock and in 1908 constructed another. He now owns and conducts the business of the Everett Dock & Warehouse Company, the Oriental Dock Company and the Washington City Dock. He operates more than twenty-five boats and tugs and also a large number of barges. He has an expert knowledge of the shipping business and was Everett's first harbor master. In 1915 he built the plant of the American Packing Company, which now employs from three hundred to five hundred people and packs fruit and fish, shipping its products to all parts of the world. In 1903 Captain Ramwell formed the American Pile Driving Company, of which he is president, and he also established the Everett Sand & Gravel Company. He directs the business and is manager of that of the H. 0. Siefert Company, also dealers in sand and gravel, being a partner in the firm. In 1924 he established the General Petroleum Company, which has the agency for most of Snohomish county. He has a genius for organization and his is the hand that safely guides the destinies of these corporations, which occupy more than a half mile of water front and employ more than seven hundred men. He seems to know intuitively when the time is ripe for the inception of a new project and his clear and far-seeing brain enables him to grasp every detail of a project. He is capable of long application and concentration HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 757 and after hours of strenuous work has ample reserve of strength for those critical emergencies which make the greatest demands upon the powers of apprehension and judgment. In 1889 Captain Ramwell married Miss Estelle Andrus, of New Jersey, and their daughter is the wife of H. W. Grant, of Everett, who is in charge of the business of the General Petroleum Company. Captain Ramwell is a member of the state fisheries board and has taken the thirty-second degree in Masonry. He has crossed the hot sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and is also an Elk. He brought in the material for the street paving in Everett, starting with the first wooden block pavement, and his labors have been of far-reaching scope and importance and most beneficial in their effects, constituting a dynamic force in the development of the city. A man of forceful personality, Captain Ramwell has been a doer of deeds and his success is measured not alone by financial gain, for he regards the respect, confidence and good will of his fellow citizens as a possession of far greater value. ANDREW a HOVIG Norway has contributed many citizens to Snohomish county, men who have by their persistent and well directed industry contributed in very large measure to the improvement and development of this section of the state. They have taken their places in the front ranks of our citizenship and are well worthy of mention in the permanent history of the county. Among these stands Andrew O. Hovig, who was born in Norway, July 14, 1863, a son of Ole and Anna (Olson) Andreson, both of whom are deceased, never having left their native land, where the father followed farming pursuits. They were the parents of six children, namely : Gornella and Andrina, deceased ; Karen ; Rakel ; Johanna, deceased ; and Andrew. Andrew Hovig attended the public schools in his home neighborhood and then followed fishing for three years. In 1885 he came to the United States, locating first in Minnesota, where he lived for two years, and in March, 1887, came to Stanwood, Washington. Soon afterwards he went to Marysville and took contracts for dyking land, which work engaged his attention for about four years. In 1892 he bought forty acres two miles west of Silvana, the land being densely covered with brush and stumps, while the only improvement was an old logger's house. Mr. Hovig applied himself at once to clearing and improving the land, all of which is now cleared. When he located here there were no roads to his place and he was compelled to bring his supplies from Florence by canoe. His chief crop is hay, though he raises considerable corn and oats for ensilage, and also has part of the land in pasture. He keeps fourteen good grade Guernsey cattle and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. In 1905 Mr. Hovig built a substantial barn, in 1906 erected his present attractive house on the hill overlooking the valley, and in 1919 built a silo. The grounds surrounding the home are nicely kept and the entire farm gives evidence of careful management and excellent taste. On March 6, 1889, Mr. Hovig was married to Miss Anna Johnson, who was born in Norway, the daughter of Ole Johnson. Both parents are deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Hovig have been born six children, namely : Mrs. Barbara Husmoe, who lives in Seattle, and who is the mother of two children, Evlyn and Harold ; Mrs. Jennie Haysoe, who also lives in Seattle and is the mother of three children, Ilene, Arvid, deceased, and Nina; Obert ; Louis, who owns a forty-acre ranch near the home place, is married and has four children, Lloyd, Howard, La Verne and Lorene ; Alfred, who married Mabel Nelson, November 13, 1925 ; and Mrs. Nina Stave, who has a son, Leroy Bernard. Alfred and Obert are veterans of the World war, the former having enlisted in the navy, with which he served overseas two and a half years, while the latter served about a year in the infantry. By a life of earnest purpose and consistent endeavor, Mr. Hovig has not only gained material advancement but has also won that which is more important, the sincere respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. He has stood for the best things in community life and has been influential in advancing the public welfare. DR. W. B. WALLING For practically four decades the name of Dr. W. B. Walling has been a household word in the western part of Snohomish county, where he has practiced dentistry, with few interruptions, since 1887. During all these years he has enjoyed to a marked degree the confidence of the people whom he has served, while by all he is regarded with the greatest respect. W. B. Walling was born at Coldwater, Michigan, on the 7th of September, 1854, and is a son of Daniel and Tryphena (Cook) Walling, both natives of Cayuga county, New York. The 758 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY father followed farming. To him and his wife were born three children : Homer P., who graduated from the medical school of the University of Michigan, practiced medicine for many years, but is now retired and lives in Michigan; W. B.; and Norton D., who was for many years a prominent lawyer in Everett, Washington, and died in 1922. Dr. Walling attended the common schools of Michigan, completing his studies in the city schools of Coldwater, after which he assisted his father on the home farm for a time, and then took a course in dentistry, entering upon the active practice of that profession in 1883 at Coldwater. A year later he went to Huron, South Dakota, practicing in that state four years. In December, 1887, Dr. Walling came to Seattle, Washington, and opened dental offices, being associated with Mr. Churchill. During the big fire in Seattle he was burned out, and from that time he traveled over much of Washington, practicing his profession. He has also made seven trips to Michigan since he first came west. He now makes his home at English, Snohomish county, being practically retired from active practice. He was a pioneer in dentistry in Skagit and Snohomish counties and practiced much after the methods of the family doctors of those days, going out through the camps and to the homesteads when needed, ofttimes traveling afoot where there were no roads, or going by canoe when that was the best route, and he always received a sincere welcome wherever he went, for he is an able and skilled dentist, painstaking and dependable in his work and with an honest desire to help those to whom he ministers. Dr. Walling is a member of the Travelers Club of America, which has headquarters in New York. During all the years of his identification with this section of the country he has consistently supported every movement or enterprise advanced for the betterment of the country or the advancement of the public interests, standing always for the best things in community life. It is related of the subject's brother, Norton Walling, that in the early days of Everett, when the settlers frequently permitted their cows to graze on the public streets, an ordinance was passed prohibiting this practice. Lawyer Walling vetoed the ordinance, contending that the benefit to the poor people in having free pasturage more than offset any annoyance that might be caused their fellow citizens. To such hardy and courageous souls as the Walling brothers is this western country greatly indebted, for they were prominent and important factors in the early life of this section, faithfully and conscientiously performed their part in the great drama of civilization, and fully merited the high place in public confidence which they attained. RALPH 0. REINERTSEN Ralph 0. Reinertsen is an outstanding figure in the automobile circles of Everett, where he is making a splendid record in the sale of Oldsmobile, Paige and Jewett cars. He is a man of energy and marked business ability and, though a resident of this city but a few years, he has gained an enviable standing in business circles and has met with a very gratifying measure of success. Ralph 0. Reinertsen was born in Park River, Walsh county, North Dakota, on the 4th of September, 1881, being the first white child born in that county, of which his parents, Reinert C. and Anna (Tallagson) Reinertsen, were pioneer settlers. His father had taken up a homestead on going to that state but later went to Crookston, Minnesota, and engaged in the hardware business. Later in life he came to Washington, and is living retired in Everett, at the age of eighty years. His wife passed away a number of years ago. Ralph 0. Reinertsen received a public school education and then took a course in a business college in Minneapolis. He was first employed as a clerk in a general store, and later established a store of his own in North Dakota. He ran that for a time and then went to Sand Point, Idaho, and engaged in the wholesale fruit and produce business, which he conducted until 1917, when he went to Spokane, Washington, and became a salesman for Overland automobiles. Two years later he came to Everett and entered the employ of the Everett Automobile Company, for whom he worked as a salesman until October, 1923, when he established an agency for the Rickenbacher cars. In the spring of 1924 Mr. Reinertsen took over the Oldsmobile agency, and in the following year added the Paige and Jewett cars to his list. He has a good building, one hundred by one hundred and twenty feet in size, one story high, at 3030 Rucker avenue, where he has a large display and salesroom, and in connection also maintains a completely equipped repair and service department. He has five men in the shop, also three salesmen and a bookkeeper. He has enjoyed a steady and continuous increase in business ever since taking over these agencies. He is wide-awake and up-to-date in his methods, thoroughly understands every phase of the business and has gained the confidence of all who have had dealings with him. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 759 In 1923 Mr. Reinertsen was united in marriage to Miss Tilda A. Stevens, a native of North Dakota, and they are the parents of three children, Edwin, Agnes and Gladys. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Everett Kiwanis Club, the Automotive Trade Association, the National Automobile Dealers' Association and the Everett Chamber of Commerce. Politically, he is a strong supporter of the republican party. Though closely devoted to his business affair's, he gives a proper attention to the affairs of the community, cooperating with his fellow citizens in all movements for the betterment of the city, and because of his success, his public spirit and his splendid personality he has gained a high place in public esteem. BURT E. CHAPPELL With no advantages to aid him at the outset of his career, Burt E. Chappell has progressed through industry and tenacity of purpose and for a quarter of a century he has been an important factor in the commercial life of Granite Falls, while he has also been honored with public office. A son of Richard and Romelia (Gill) Chappell, he was horn August 9, 1866, and is a native of Ottawa, Michigan. His father handled produce, buying wheat and wool, and also followed agricultural pursuits. Burt E. Chappell attended the public schools of Michigan and remained on his father's farm until he was nineteen years of age, aiding in the cultivation of the soil. He learned the barber's trade, which he followed for four years, and in 1896 sought the opportunities of northwestern Washington. He was clerk in a store at Hartford and also filled the position of bookkeeper for four years. On his arrival in Snohomish county Mr. Chappell entered a homestead and proved up on his land, which he afterward sold. In 1901 he opened a general store at Granite Falls, becoming a dealer in groceries, dry goods and shoes, and later added a stock of hardware. The business is essential to the community and under his efficient management a large trade has been developed. He is always prepared to supply the needs of customers and his business methods will bear the light of close investigation and scrutiny. In 1890 Mr. Chappell was united in marriage to Miss Emma Stewart, a native of Michigan and a daughter of Edgar I. Stewart. Mr. Chappell gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and was the first mayor of Granite Falls. His administration was productive of much good and he also served on the school board for several terms. Along fraternal lines he is connected with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World. Unselfish, public-spirited and high-minded, he has lent the weight of his support to every measure of reform, progress and improvement and has won as his reward the unqualified respect and confidence of his fellow townsmen. SIVERT WAHL Sivert Wahl, a farmer and dairyman living in the vicinity of East Stanwood, Snohomish county, is one whose energetic methods and enterprising spirit have gained for him a worthy success. While primarily interested in the advancement of his own interests, he has sought to promote the public welfare and has earned a place of honor in his community. Mr. Wahl was born in Norway on the 14th of April, 1865, and is a son of Christian and Johanna Wahl, who were farmers and never left Norway, where their deaths occurred. They were the parents of four children, namely : Ander and Thomas, who still live in Norway ; Sivert, the subject of this sketch ; and John, who is a resident of Washington. The public schools of Norway afforded Sivert Wahl his educational training and in 1886, about the time he attained his majority, he emigrated to the United States, coming the same year to Stanwood, Snohomiqi county. He went to work in logging camps, following that vocation for a few years and then, in 1897, he bought twenty acres of land a half mile from East Stanwood. There was a small log house on the place and he at once entered upon the task of getting the land into shape for cultivation. This entailed a vast amount of hard work but eventually it was accomplished and now Mr. Wahl has a fertile and well improved farm. He keeps a few cows and devotes his land mainly to hay and pasture, for which it is well adapted. He has been a hard working man, has exercised sound judgment in all his affairs and is now very comfortably situated. On August 3, 1893, Mr. Wahl was married to Miss Marie Sattre, a native of Minnesota and 760 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY a daughter of Rasmus and Ingeborg Sattre, both of whom were born in Norway. Mr. Sattre came to the United States about 1870, locating first in Minnesota, where he lived until 1880, when he moved to Iowa, of which state he was a resident until 1885. He then came to Washington and bought twenty-four acres a half mile northeast of Stanwood, all of which was densely covered with timber and brush, and immediately applied himself to the task of clearing the land. He built a small log house and lived there until his death, which occurred in 1908. His wife had passed away in 1904. To Mr. and Mrs. Wahl have been born nine children, namely : Jorgen ; Mrs. Ruth Sigerstad, who is the mother of five children, Elmore, Virginia, Gloria, June and a baby ; and Sigurd, Martin, Christian, Emil, Edun, Richard and Alma, all of whom were born on the present farm. Mr. Wahl is unobtrusive in manner but possesses to a marked degree those elements of character which are of special value in a progressive and enlightened community, for he stands for all that is best in life and his influence has even been on the right side of every moral issue. He is kindly and affable in manner, is widely known throughout this section of the county and has the good will of all his acquaintances. JAMES KELLY Among the citizens of Everett who have passed from earthly scenes was James Kelly, who long enjoyed the respect and esteem of all who knew him, for he was a man of upright life and was candid and straightforward at all times. He was the first white child born in Houston county, Minnesota, his birth occurring in 1853, and was the son of Charles and Margaret (Callahan) Kelly, who were natives of Ireland. They had gone from their native land to Pennsylvania in childhood and met and were married in that state. Later they went to Illinois and then moved by ox team to Minnesota, where the father homesteaded and to the operation of his farm gave his attention for a number of years. He then sold out there and moved to Iowa, where he bought a farm, and there his death occurred. James Kelly was reared on this Iowa farm and secured his education in the public schools. He learned the trade of harnessmaking, which he followed in different parts of Iowa for a number of years, and in 1888 he came to Washington. After a short time in Seattle he came to Snohomish county, locating at what was then known as Wallace, later Startup. He preempted a claim there but lost it later and then worked in various logging camps until shortly before his death, which occurred June 5, 1921. In 1879 Mr. Kelly was united in marriage to Miss Alice Ruth, who was born in Elgin, Illinois, a daughter of Michael and Catherine (Cahill) Ruth, who were natives of Ireland. They were children when brought by their people to this country and settled in Elgin, where their marriage occurred. Later they moved to Iowa, where the father bought a farm and spent his remaining years. His widow subsequently moved to Nebraska, where her death occurred. They were the parents of six children. To Mr. and Mrs. Kelly were born eight children, as follows : Margaret, now deceased, was the wife of William Luce and the mother of ten children; Edward, who is employed in a Skykomish logging camp ; Katherine, the wife of E. M. Gay ; Annie, deceased ; Adeline, who is the wife of W. F. Bickett, of Chewelah, Washington, and has one child ; Bernice, who is the wife of J. D. McFarland and has one child; Beatrice, the wife of J. R. Neville of California ; and Miles, who is with a Skykomish logging camp. Mr. Kelly was a stanch democrat in his political views and was a communicant of the Roman Catholic church. Mrs. Kelly is a member of the Daughters of Rebekah. Mr. Kelly was a faithful husband, a loving father and a loyal friend, and his death was deeply regretted throughout the circle of his acquaintances, among whom his splendid personal qualities were recognized and appreciated. HANS ANDERSEN Hans Andersen, who became one of the pioneers of the vicinity of Lake Roesiger has contributed his full part to the improvement and development of this locality and has taken an effective interest in the general welfare. Hans Andersen is a native of Denmark, where his birth occurred on the 9th of January, 1861. He attended the public schools and remained in his native land until 1881, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Illinois, where he remained for about three years and in March, 1884, moved west to California. After living in that state for three years he went to Omaha, Nebraska, remaining there until the fall of 1888, during which period he was employed at day wages. In 1888-89 he HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 761 was in Iowa and then again journeyed westward to the Pacific coast, making his way to Seattle, Washington. On February 6, 1889, he took up a homestead near Lake Roesiger and thereon resided until 1898, when he sold the property. In the following year he bought one hundred and thirty acres of land adjoining the lake and has lived thereon continuously to the present time. Mr. Andersen has sold all but twenty acres of land bordering the lake and including sixteen hundred and fifty feet of lake frontage. He lives in a substantial and commodious hand-hewed cedar house which was built early in the '90s and is a typical pioneer building. He keeps a cow and some chickens and is very comfortably and pleasantly situated. He has been a witness of the opening up and development of this locality ; indeed, his coming here was so far in advance of modern improvements that he was compelled to pack in his groceries and other supplies from Snohomish, there being not even a trail. Wild game, such as deer and bear, were plentiful then, and fishing was all that a man could desire. Fraternally Mr. Andersen is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his political support is given to the republican party. He has taken' a deep interest in local public affairs and served for twenty-two years as a member of the school board. He is a man of kindly and gracious manner, is widely known throughout the community in which he resides and is uniformly respected and esteemed. CARL V. JOHNSON Peculiar interest always attaches to the record of a man who, beginning life in humble circumstances, gradually forges ahead by his own unaided efforts and attains prosperity and wins the respect of his fellowmen. Such, in brief, has been the record of Carl V. Johnson, now one of the substantial and influential farmers of the vicinity of Bothell. A native of Sweden, he was born on the 28th of May, 1877, and is a son of John and Helen Johnson, both of whom died in that country. To their union were born eight children, all of whom are living and six are now living in the United States. Carl V. Johnson attended the public schools of his home neighborhood to the age of thirteen years, when he went to Denmark and entered an agricultural college. In 1903 he emigrated to the United States, coming direct to Snohomish county. After remaining here about a year, he went to Alaska, where he remained a short time, and then returned to Snohomish county and bought eighty acres of land, where he now lives. The land was covered with timber and brush, but nothing daunted, he entered at once on the task of clearing and getting it in shape for cultivation. He has twenty acres of land cleared and has erected a set of substantial farm buildings. He raises good crops of grain and hay, as well as roughage, and keeps a splendid herd of milk cows, together with a well bred Holstein sire. He has prospered as a dairy farmer and is now in very comfortable circumstances. On January 29, 1905, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Hulda Johnson, who was born at Savanna, Carroll county, Illinois. Both of her parents' are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have two children, Louis, born June 5, 1921, and Helen M., April 16, 1924. They also have an adopted son. Politically Mr. Johnson has always given his support to the republican party but has never sought public office. Because of his splendid record and his fine personality, he has gained a high place in the regard of his fellow citizens throughout the community where he lives. MRS. DORA HINDS For nearly twenty years Mrs. Dora Hinds has been engaged in dressmaking in Everett and throughout this period has enjoyed a liberal patronage, while the circle of her friends is almost coextensive with the circle of her acquaintances. Mrs. Hinds is a native of Illinois and a daughter of Robert and Mary ( Eustan) Hinz, the former born in Scotland and the latter in New York state. When the father was but eight months old, his family came to America, settling in Toronto, Canada, where he was reared and educated. After he had attained manhood, he moved to Illinois, where he engaged in farming for a time. There his daughter, Dora, was reared and educated in the public schools. Shortly before her marriage, which occurred in 1884, she moved to Iowa, where she lived but a short time, moving then to Missouri. Later she returned to Illinois for a few years, and then moved to Lewiston, Idaho, where she lived about a year. 762 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY In 1907 Mrs. Hinds came to Everett and built a nice home on Rockefeller avenue, where she has since lived. She has engaged in dressmaking, in which she is considered very proficient, and commands a representative patronage throughout this city. Mrs. Hinds is the mother of four children, namely : Jessie, who is the wife of R. C. Woodcook, of Everett, and has two children ; Beulah, who is the wife of Walter Shaw, of Everett, and has two children ; Abbie, who is the wife of Edward Monaghan, of Everett, and has four children ; and Phyllis, who is the wife of Melvin Bollane, of Everett, and has a son. The younger children were educated in the Everett public schools. Mrs. Hinds is a member of Cedar Camp, Royal Neighbors of America, in which she has passed through the chairs, having held the office of oracle four years. She is an earnest member of the Christian church and is generous in her attitude towards all worthy benevolent objects. GEORGE D. THOMPSON The worth of a man is measured by his usefulness to his community and as cashier of the Granite Falls State Bank, George D. Thompson is an important factor in the business and financial life of this locality, meeting every requirement of the position. He was born November 11, 1873, in Springfield, Massachusetts, and his parents, James S. and Helen L. (Park) Thompson, were natives of Vermont. His father was a tinsmith and followed the trade in the east for many years. In September, 1906, he established his home in Everett, Washington, where he passed away in January, 1907, but the mother is still a resident of that city. Mr. Thompson attended a preparatory school at Lyndon, Vermont, and for fifteen years was in the employ of the Boston & Maine Railroad Company. He worked in the post office at Lyndonville, Vermont, for a year and in 1907 came to Washington, entering the Bank of Commerce at Everett. He remained with that institution for two years and from 1909 until 1917 was connected with the dry goods trade of Everett. He was assistant cashier of the Citizens Bank & Trust Company for six years and since 1923 has been cashier of the Granite Falls State Bank, which was established in 1906 as a branch of the Commercial Bank of Everett. Mr. Thompson is well versed in the details of modern banking and works untiringly to promote the interests of the institution which he represents, discharging his duties with efficiency and fidelity. In 1895 Mr. Thompson married Miss Caroline Phillips, of Newport, Vermont, and they have become the parents of three children: Lois, the wife of W. W. Waller, of Everett, Washington, and the mother of one child, a daughter ; Nathan, who married Miss Peggie Padden, of Snohomish, and is in the employ of the Pacific Telephone Company of Seattle; and Maurice, at home. Mr. Thompson is identified with the Masonic order and has been master of Everett Lodge, No. 137, F. & A. M. He belongs to the Eastern Star and is worthy patron of Bethel Chapter of Granite Falls. He is also connected with the Sons of Veterans and gives his political allegiance to the republican party. He is a man of strict honesty, worthy of trust and confidence, and merit has placed him in his present position of responsibility. CARL F. PETERSON Sterling qualities have brought Carl F. Peterson to the front. Diligence and industry have characterized his business life and loyalty and public spirit have been manifest in his citizenship. For many years he has ranked high among the successful farmers of his locality, where he enjoys the good will of all who know him. Mr. Peterson is a native of Sweden, where he was born on the 23d day of November, 1874, and is a son of Peter and Christina (Jonason) Gustason, also natives of Sweden. The father was for many years manager of a large farm there and in 1885 brought his family to the United States, locating in South Dakota. Two years later they came to Cedarhome, Washington, where the parents spent their remaining years, the father dying October 6, 1896, and the mother July 22, 1897. To this worthy couple were born four children, namely : Gustav, who lives in Sweden; John, deceased ; Frank, who lives in Cedarhome, and Carl F. Carl F. Peterson remained with his parents until 1887, when he went to Seattle and obtained employment on the cable line, remaining there until 1890, when he took up a homestead on Cypress island, Skagit county. Later he went back to Seattle and worked one year more HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 763 on the cable line, and in 1897 joined the gold rush to Alaska. He followed gold mining there for two years, after which he came to Snohomish county and opened a general store at Cedarhome. Six months later he sold the store and bought forty-five acres of land, a part of the Lars L. Back homestead, located one mile north of Cedarhome. About ten acres was cleared and a small house stood on the place. In 1908 he built an addition to the house and in 1906 erected a good barn. He farmed the place with good results until 1925, when he leased it and built another house on the place for his tenant. In October, 1908, Mr. Peterson bought sixty-two acres of land across the road from his home place, about ten acres of the land being cleared. He now has about forty-five acres of that land cleared and twenty-five acres of the home place, thus being able to cultivate seventy acres. The land is fertile and, under good cultivation, has proven very productive. Mr. Peterson keeps about twenty head of good milk cows and some young stock and has been very successful as a dairy farmer. His principal field crops are hay and oats, the remainder of the land affording excellent pasturage. He has devoted himself very closely to the development of his property and is now numbered among the prosperous and substantial farmers of the district. On April 19, 1902, Mr. Peterson was married to Miss Thilda Carlson, who is a native of Sweden, a daughter of Elof and Martha Carlson, who came to the United States in 1882, settling in Illinois, where they lived two years. They then moved to Minnesota, where the father bought two hundred and forty-seven acres of land in Lincoln county, in the cultivation of which he engaged until 1901, when he sold out there and came to Cedarhome, Washington. He bought the Berquist ranch of fifty-two acres, at Cedarhome, which he farmed for five years, at the end of which time he sold it and, buying an acre of land, built a nice home, into which he and his wife moved and lived until their deaths, which occurred in 1923, the father dying in January and the mother in April. They were the parents of four children, namely : Mrs. Anna Nelson, of Cedarhome ; Charles, who lives at East Stanwood ; Mrs. Thilda Peterson ; and Mrs. Nannie Henning, of East Stanwood. Mr. and Mrs. Peterson have a son, Orville, born September 2, 1904, who had three years of high school work and is now assisting his father on the farm. Mr. Peterson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. Mr. Peterson's success has been the legitimate result of earnest toil, directed by sound judgment and discrimination, and in the improvement of his property and the advancement of his individual interest, he has at the same time advanced the general prosperity of the community. He has been an advocate of wholesome living and is outspoken in his opposition to wrong-doing, whether in public or private life, being an admirable type of the progressive, honorable and broad-minded man of affairs. He is friendly and cordial among his associates and wherever known enjoys the confidence and good will of all. NELS BRUSETH Amdng the men of sterling worth and unbending character, who by their persistent and well directed efforts created good homes in this county and contributed to the general development and advancement of this locality, was Nels Bruseth. He possessed to a marked degree those qualities which enabled him not only to gain material success for himself but also won for him the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen, so that his death, which occurred in 1905, was considered a distinct loss to the community in which he lived. Nels Bruseth was born in Norway on the 30th of October, 1852, a son of Lars and Gure (Sattier) Bruseth, farming folk, who spent their entire lives in Norway. Nels Bruseth attended the public schools and completed his education in a seminary in Denmark, after which he returned to Norway, where he lived until 1880, when he came to the United States. He first settled in Michigan and was employed in the iron mines at Ishpeming until 1883, when he came to Snohomish county and took up a homestead in Happy valley but someone jumped his claim and he lost it. In 1887 he bought a relinquishment claim to sixty acres on the Stillaguamish river, adjoining the town of Silvana on the west, and he immediately applied himself to the task of clearing off the timber and brush which encumbered the land. He built a good log house and devoted himself indefatigably to the development of the place. His first years there were marked by many discomforts and discouraging conditions, one of which was that it was necessary to bring all his supplies by canoe from Stanwood. However, in the course of time he cleared about forty acres of the land, created a good home, and there spent his remaining years, his death occurring January 11, 1905. He was survived several years by his widow, who passed away in 1912. They became the parents of four children, namely : Nels ; Agnes, who died in 1913 ; Ragna, who was born in 1895, and died in 1914 ; and Al f. 764 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Nels Bruseth received his education in the public schools of Silvana and then devoted himself to assisting his father in clearing the farm. After the father's death he took charge of the ranch, which he operated until 1913, when he sold it and then spent two winters in California. In 1916 he took a position with the forestry department of the federal government, being engaged in general work in Snohomish county for several years. In 1915 he bought ten acres of land in section 31, township 32, range 5 east, on which no clearing had been done, and has of recent years devoted himself to the development of this place. He has about five acres cleared, has built an attractive home, which is surrounded by a beautiful and well kept lawn, ornamented with shrubs and flowers, and he is now very comfortably and pleasantly situated. He also maintains a nice vegetable garden. On May 10, 1921, Mr. Bruseth was married to Miss Beate Staff Falk, a native of Norway and a daughter of Hjalmar and Laura (Aall) Falk, who are still living in that country. Her father is professor of Germanic philology in the university at Oslo. To him and his wife were born three children, namely : Jorgen, who lives in New York; Mrs. Bruseth; and Gustav, in Norway. Mrs. Bruseth came to the United States in 1919. She has become the mother of one child, Liv Aall, who was born February 27, 1922. Mr. Bruseth has been brought into much close contact with the Indians and is unusually well informed on the Indian lore of Snohomish county, having also taken many fine pictures of members of the Siwash tribe. In the summer of 1926 Mr. and Mrs. Bruseth made a trip to Europe. RAYMOND P. GAUSS Raymond P. Gauss, a successful druggist, is widely known as proprietor of the Gauss Pharmacy at Index. He is a native of Wapello, Iowa, and a son of Paul and Anna (Hurley) Gauss, both of whom are deceased. The father was a salesman. Raymond P. Gauss received a public school education in Iowa and was trained for his chosen life work as a student in the College of Pharmacy of the University of Washington at Seattle, from which he was graduated in 1916. He spent the succeeding year as a clerk in the Everett Pharmacy and then came to Index in 1917. Here he was employed as a clerk until 1924, when he purchased the Optimist Pharmacy, now known as the Gauss Pharmacy. He carries a large and well selected line of drugs and druggists' sundries, has built up a patronage of extensive and lucrative proportions and enjoys an enviable reputation as a reliable, enterprising and up-to-date merchant. At the polls Mr. Gauss supports the men and measures of the republican party, believing • that its principles are most conducive to good government. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the fourteenth degree of the Scottish Rite, and he also belongs to two Greek letter societies—Alpha Tau Omega and Kappa Psi. His business ability is widely recognized, and his many friends attest the sterling worth of his character. E. L. HEATH The most valuable citizens of a community are those who build up its industries and extend trade relations, and of this type is E. L. Heath, one of the pioneer lumbermen of Snohomish county and a dominant figure in manufacturing circles of the Granite Falls district. He was born in Michigan in 1869 and received a public school education. In his native state he acquired a knowledge of the lumber business and in 1898 he sought the broader opportunities of the Pacific northwest. He sawed shingles on the first Mitchell clipper in Everett, Washington, and later moved to Hartford, this state, where he formed. The Big 3 Shingle Company in 1903. He conducted the business for four years and in 1907 started a mill near Granite Falls. In 1921 the plant was moved to its present location, three miles northeast of the town, and it now has a capacity of fifteen thousand feet of lumber and ninety thousand shingles per day. The mill furnishes work to about thirty men, who work in eight-hour shifts, and the business is conducted under the style of the Heath Shingle Company, of which the subject of this sketch is the president. He combines a detailed knowledge of the lumber business with the powers of organization and administration and has developed a prosperous industry of much importance to this locality. In 1897 Mr. Heath was united in marriage to Miss Carrie E. Allen, who was also born in Michigan and fills with charm and tact her position in social circles of Granite Falls. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 765 Mr. Heath is an adherent of the republican party and his fraternal connections are with the Yeomen and the Knights of The Maccabees. He has won success by hard work and honorable methods and stands deservedly high in the esteem of his fellowmen. ARTHUR A. SCOTT Arthur A. Scott, of Mukilteo, figures prominently in industrial and shipping circles of the Pacific northwest as vice president of The Charles Nelson Company,. the Nelson Steamship Company and the Crown Lumber Company. He is thus in control of growing and important interests which indicate that he is the possessor of marked executive ability and administrative power. Wisely and carefully has he directed the interests tinder his management, coordinating seemingly diverse elements into a unified and harmonious whole. His labors are effectively resultant and what he has achieved represents the fit utilization of the innate powers and talents which are his. Mr. Scott was born in Grand Haven, Michigan, November 22, 1871, a son of Myron and Mary E. (Sullivan) Scott, who were natives of New York state. In early life the father engaged in the shipping business and later entered the service of the United States as inspector of steam vessels, remaining in the service until his death. He located in Grand Haven and there remained throughout the residue of his days, passing away June 15, 1893, when forty-eight years of age. His widow, Mrs. Mary E. (Sullivan) Scott, joined her son Arthur in Washington in the year 1907 and continued a resident of this state until her death in 1918. By her marriage she had become the mother of three sons, namely : Myron K., still residing in Grand Haven, Michigan; Arthur A., of this review ; and Eugene A., who also makes his home in Grand Haven. Arthur A. Scott pursued his education in the schools of his native city, passing through consecutive grades and the high schools, and then attended a commercial school at Grand Rapids, Michigan. His first employment was with the White & Friant Lumber Company, with which he remained for about a year, after which he entered the employ of the Ryerson Hill Lumber Company of Muskegon, Michigan, with which he also continued for a year. From Muskegon, Mr. Scott went to Grand Rapids, where he became associated with M. J. Clark in his various enterprises, among them the Clark-Jackson Lumber Company of Duluth, Minnesota, the Clark-Swan-Jackson Company of North Tonawanda, New York, the Clark-Sligh Timber Company, the Clark Iron Company, and the Grand Rapids-Oregon Timber Company, all of Grand Rapids, Michigan. Some time later a company was formed and built the Clark-Nickerson mill at Everett, Washington, Mr. Scott being one of the original stockholders. A few years later some of the stockholders of this plant disposed of their holdings, formed a new corporation and built a mill at Mukilteo, under the name of the Mukilteo Lumber Company. In 1906 Mr. Scott wound up his affairs in the east, came to Washington and assumed the management of the Mukilteo Lumber Company. This company in August, 1909, disposed of its holdings to The Charles Nelson Company of San Francisco, California, who renamed the plant the Crown Lumber Company, and Mr. Scott became and has since been the general manager, serving in the official capacity of vice president. The Crown Lumber Company employs two hundred and forty men in the manufacture of two hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber in a day of eight hours. The plant covers twenty acres and is thoroughly equipped, having the latest improved machinery in the sawmill and planing mill. A competent office force is employed and the business is most carefully systematized and wisely managed. The officers of the Crown Lumber Company and also of The Charles Nelson Company are James Tyson, president, and A. A. Scott, vice president and general manager. In September, 1916, The Charles Nelson Company purchased the entire holdings of the Puget Sound Mills and Timber Company, locating at Port Angeles, Washington, comprising a large sawmill cutting three hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber in ten hours, a shingle mill cutting one million, two hundred thousand shingles a day, a box factory cutting fifty thousand feet of lumber a day, logging camps, logging railroads and timber lands. After being made vice president and general manager of this company, Mr. Scott began dividing his time between Mukilteo and Port Angeles. These mills are the sustaining industries of the towns in which they are located. The Charles Nelson Company also acquired two redwood mills at Korbel, California, and a sugar pine mill at Merced Falls, California. The Nelson Steamship Company, another subsidiary of The Charles Nelson Company, owns and operates a fleet of twenty-five large vessels which handle a large portion of the output of the mills, plying between Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland and Puget Sound, New York and the east coast, and affording passenger service to Columbia river. 766 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY On the 10th of June, 1901, in Muskegon, Michigan, Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Miss Bessie J. Snow, her father being James Snow, a prominent attorney of Muskegon who is deceased. The mother, however, still survives and makes her home in Muskegon, Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Scott are the parents of a daughter and a son : Marion Snow, who is the wife of Edward Theodore Kline and resides in Kansas City, Missouri ; and Myron Arthur, who was born at Grand Haven, Michigan, on the 11th of June, 1903, and is now a student in the University of Washington. In politics Mr. Scott maintains an independent attitude, being convinced that the qualifications of a candidate are of more importance than his party affiliation. In Masonry he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Scott finds recreation through his connection with the Everett Golf and Country Club and the Cascade Club of Everett. The family reside in a delightful home at Mukilteo, situated on a natural and commanding site overlooking Gardiner Bay on Puget Sound. There are beautiful gardens and driveways amidst fine old trees and the home is in every way attractive while hospitality constitutes one of its chief charms. TORE G. LEVISON In the laborious daily struggle for an honorable competence on the part of a business man there is little to attract the casual reader in search of a sensational chapter but to a mind thoroughly awake to the reality and meaning of human existence there are valuable lessons in the career of an individual who, without other means than a clear head, strong arm and true heart, directed and controlled by correct principles and unerring judgment, conquers all obstacles and finally wins not only pecuniary independence but also the deserved respect and confidence of those with whom his active years have been spent. In this class stands Tore G. Levison, one of the most enterprising and progressive citizens of Stanwood district. Born in Boone county, Iowa, on the 22d of September, 1878, he is a son of Levi and Torgen (Sta-beck) Levison, natives of Norway. The father came to the United States in 1869, locating in Wisconsin, where he remained until 1874, when lie went overland by prairie schooner to Boone county, Nebraska, where he took up a homestead, which he developed, living thereon until 1884, when he became disgusted with having lost four successive crops from the ravages of grasshoppers. He then went to Stephenson county, Illinois, where he rented a farm which he operated for three years. He next took his teams and went to work on railroad construction, following that line until February, 1888, when he came to Stanwood, Washington, and filed a preemption claim on one hundred and sixty acres of land in section 22, Cedarhome district. The land had been burned over but was covered with second-growth timber and brush. He built a small house of split-cedar, fourteen by twenty-two feet, and started clearing his land. He lived there practically during the remainder of his life and succeeded in getting about twenty acres of the land cleared ere his death, which occurred October 20, 1920. He was survived by his widow, whose death occurred March 22, 1925. They were the parents of three children : Andria, the wife of T. K. Logen, mentioned elsewhere in this work ; K. L., also represented elsewhere in this work ; and Tore G. The mother came to the United States twenty-one years before the coming of her husband, embarking from her homeland in 1848 on a sailing vessel, which was six weeks in making the voyage. Her uncle, Clement Stabeck, had gone to Chicago, Illinois, in 1839, at which time that now populous city contained two saloons, two stores and a few scattered houses. He did not remain there long but went to Winnebago county, Illinois, where he bought a large tract of land, whereon he spent the remainder of his life. Another uncle, Tosten Stabeck, went across the plains, with covered wagon and ox-team, to California in 1849 and engaged in mining for several years. Eventually he returned east by way of the Isthmus of Panama, settling in Illinois, where he too spent his last years. Another uncle, Christopher Stabeck, served in Gen. Sherman's army during the Civil war and was severely wounded in battle, from the effects of which he died. Mrs. Volstad, an aunt of T. G. Levison, came from Norway in 1848, was married in the late '50s to Halvor Volstad, and went from Illinois to Minnesota by ox-team, and there died. Tore G. Levison received his education in the public schools of Illinois and of Cedarhome. Afterward he helped his father on the home farm for awhile, and in May, 1903, went to Alaska, where he engaged in mining and freighting until January, 1904. He owned his own outfit and also operated a ferry across the Tacalina river. On his return to Cedarhome he took a contract to cut shingle bolts, which engaged his attention until 1907, when, in partnership with John Bertoson, he built a shingle mill on his father's farm at Cedarhome. In 1909 he bought out his partner and ran the mill alone until May 30, 1916, when it was destroyed by HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 767 fire. That same year he and Edward Edlund built a shingle mill on section 24, which they operated until 1919, when Mr. Levison sold his interest to Mr. Edlund and went to Skagit county, where he bought machinery and established another shingle mill, which he ran for three months and then sold. In 1920 he bought a small lumber mill on section 22, which he ran for about a year. In 1923 he built another mill on section 14, and took in as partners Oscar Kleiberg and Carl Young, and they thus operated it to September 1926, when it burned down. Levison devoted himself closely to his business, the success which has attended him being but the fruitage of his determined and well directed efforts. In 1904 Mr. Levison was married to Miss Christina Stengland, a native of Norway, and a daughter of Lars and Johanna Stengland. To them have been born six children : Mrs. Tillie Gyorog, born January 26, 1905 ; Lavina, born April 4, 1906, who was graduated from the Stanwood high school and is now a senior in the State Normal School at Bellingham ; Lowell, born August 16, 1908 ; Thelma Christina, born December 26, 1910 ; Lawrence, born March 21, 1918; and Gordon, born March 2, 1920. In every relation Mr. Levison has been true and loyal and his life has been one of persistent industry and indomitable perseverance. He is widely known throughout this section of the county and is held in the highest esteem. RUDOLPH B. WALTHER With the history of agricultural progress in Snohomish county the name of Walther has been closely connected for nearly a half century and the work begun by his father is ably continued by Rudolph Walther, who operates the homestead, which is one of the model farms of the Everett district. He was born on this place in 1880. His father, Bernard Walther, was a native of Germany, born in Saxony in 1848, and came to the United States early in the '70s. He was married in Iowa to Miss Louise Dickman, also a German, who made the voyage alone to the new world. Bernard Walther followed the occupation of farming in Iowa and Illinois and was also a resident of California for a few years. About 1877 he came with his wife to northwestern Washington, spending about a year in Snohomish, and then entered a homestead which has since remained in the possession of the family. He was one of the first settlers in the locality and there were no roads. This tract was situated on an elevation and was covered with a dense growth of timber. In order to gain a start Mr. Walther worked as a day laborer during the summer months, while the winter season was spent upon the farm. He had a hard struggle at first but through patience and industry overcame many difficulties and eventually cleared about ninety acres, transforming the wild land into a fertile farm. In the early days he obtained his supplies at Snohomish and also traded at Lowell. He engaged in general farming, his principal crops being potatoes and hay. He marketed eggs and butter and was very methodical in his operations, carefully planning every detail of his work. About 1906 he built a modern dairy on his ranch and followed the dairy business for many years with gratifying success. He was one of the most public-spirited men in the district and a leader in the project for digging the big ditch which enabled the early settlers to reach Lowell and Snohomish by means of canoes and flatboats. He devoted much of his time to the task and also to road construction, being active in all lines of public improvement. His long and useful life was terminated in December, 1922, and his wife passed away in 1910. Rudolph B. Walther had limited educational advantages, attending the school at Larimer Corners for four months in the year, and in the intervening period aided his father in the tasks of plowing, planting and harvesting. He remained with his parents until 1906, when he went to California, and spent three years in the Golden state. He has resided on the homestead continuously since 1909 and, profiting by his father's sage counsel, gleaned from years of experience, he has made his labors count for the utmost. He is constantly adding improvements to the place, having built a fine house, and is cultivating forty-five acres of land. He raises roughage and owns about thirty mulch cows, having a thoroughbred Guernsey bull at the head of the herd. His standards of farming are high and as agriculture progresses as a science he advances with it. In 1914 Mr. Walther married Miss Agnes Larson, who was born in Montana, and they now have a son, Eugene, a public school pupil. Mrs. Walther is a daughter of John Larson and a granddaughter of Lars Anderson, who was a lifelong resident of Sweden. Her father was born in 1859 and after the completion of his education served for two years in the Swedish army. Having finished the required term of military service, he returned to his father's farm and assisted in its cultivation until he reached the age of twenty-three years. He then responded to the call of the new world and obtained a position in Minneapolis, Minnesota, afterward going to Wisconsin. In 1889 he started for the Pacific coast, locating in Spokane, Washington, and 768 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY in 1890 journeyed to Montana. He entered the employ of a large copper company, working in the smelter at Great Falls, and spent nineteen years in Montana. In 1908 Mr. Larson came to Snohomish county, Washington, and rented the place which he now owns. He has added fifteen acres to the original tract and the greater portion of the ranch has been cleared. • He has a fine orchard and keeps cows and chickens. His buildings are large and substantial, and the rich soil yields abundant harvests. Having accumulated sufficient for his needs, Mr. Larson has laid aside the heavier burdens of the agriculturist and is now living practically retired. While a resident of Montana, Mr. Larson married Miss Tyra Anderson, also a native of Sweden, who came alone to the United States. Her demise occurred in Montana. She had become the mother of two children: Agnes, now Mrs. Walther ; and Ruth, who is the wife of Ellis Thomas and resides on the Walther homestead. A. T. CHRISTENSEN A. T. Christensen, who has a nicely improved and productive berry farm near Marysville, has achieved his success in the face of many discouragements, but his indomitable persistence and sturdy industry have been rewarded and today he is enjoying a well earned prosperity. Mr. Christensen was born in Clark county, Wisconsin, on the 5th day of July, 1873, and is a son of Ole and Mary Christensen, who, late in life, came to Marysville, where the father's death occurred and where the mother is still living. A. T. Christensen received his education in the public schools and then engaged in business as a dealer in horses, in which he engaged until April, 1913, when he came to Marysville and, in the following year, bought three tracts of land nearby. He cleared the land, which he planted to berries, built a good house, and is still living here, having created a very comfortable and pleasant home. He has given close study to the care and handling of berries and his success has been commensurate with his efforts. In 1904 Mr. Christensen was united in marriage to Miss Maude Scovel, a native of Wisconsin, and a daughter of John and Mary Scovel. To them have been born three children, namely : Lila, who is the wife of Fremont Taubneck, of Marysville ; Vernon, who died at the age of three years ; and Clarence, who is attending school. Mr. Christensen gives his political support to the republican party and maintains a helpful interest in the welfare and progress of his community. A man of sterling qualities and friendly in all his social relations, he has won a warm place in the hearts of all who have come into contact with him. AUGUST STOBB August Stobb is widely known as one of the enterprising farmers of Snohomish county, where he has lived for many years. His well directed efforts in the practical affairs of life, his capable management of his business interests and his sound judgment have brought him a very satisfactory reward for the labor he has expended, and he holds a high place in the esteem of his fellowmen. Mr. Stobb was born in Germany in 1864 and is the son of Gottfried and Minnie Stobb, who also were natives of that country. The family came to the United States in 1874, landing on May 29th, and at once proceeded to Wisconsin, where the father bought two quarter-sections of land from the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railroad. He had farmed to some extent in Germany and had also served many years there as sheriff. He devoted himself closely to the development and improvement of his Wisconsin land and met with success. He lived there until his death at the age of sixty-eight years. He was long survived by his widow, who was nearly one hundred years old when called from this life. August Stobb attended the schools of his native land, which he left at the age of ten years, and then completed his education in the public schools of Wisconsin. He remained on his father's farm until 1888, when he came to Snohomish, Washington, and secured employment on the Seattle & Lake Shore Railroad. Soon afterward he went to work for E. C. Ferguson, in Snohomish, remaining with that gentleman nearly eighteen years, overseeing the work on his farm and home place. He then located on his present place, to the operation of which he has engaged with splendid results. In the year that he came to this county, Mr. Stobb had preempted a tract of land near Pilchuck, which he proved up and a part of which he cleared. Later he sold that place as it was too far removed from roads and other settlers. During the time that he lived there it was necessary for him to pack on his back all his provisions and HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 769 other stuff required on the place. In 1911 he purchased the five acre tract comprising his present home, which at that time was badly encumbered with stumps and second growth timber, the removal of which meant a vast amount of hard labor. However, he now has the place entirely cleared and has improved it in a substantial way, making of it a very valuable and desirable home. He raises raspberries and also gives considerable attention to cows and chickens. He has been successful in his business affairs and is now the owner of valuable town property. Mr. Stobb has been twice married, first, in Wisconsin, December 31, 1885, to Miss Louisa Trapp, whose death occurred January 29, 1914. She was born in Germany, a daughter of Gottlieb and Sophia (Heller) Trapp, to whom further reference is made in the sketch of Ludwig Trapp, which appears on another page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Stobb were horn four children, namely : Louis, a resident of Sultan, Snohomish county, is married and has three children. Emil, who lives at Mukilteo, Snohomish county, is married. Arthur, of Snohomish, is married and has four children, Dorothy, Donald, Jack and Bettie. Clara is the 'wife of Gilbert Smelcher, of Snohomish. On November 5, 1917, Mr. Stobb married Mrs. Nellie (White) Belcher, who is a native of Virginia, where she lived until 1911, when she came to Snohomish county. To this union has been born a son, Norman S. Fraternally Mr. Stobb has been a member of the Court of Honor for twenty-seven years and of Snohomish Aerie, No. 195, Fraternal Order of Eagles, for twenty-three years. He has always taken a public-spirited attitude toward all proposed measures for the improvement or betterment of the community and has wielded a beneficent influence in local affairs. He has long been numbered among the enterprising and progressive citizens of the community and enjoys the respect and good will of all who know him. MARTIN ENGEBRETSEN Specific mention is made within the pages of this work of the pioneers who came to Snohomish county in an early day and by their earnest and indefatigable efforts led to the establishment of splendid farms, fine homes and prosperous towns which now characterize this section of the state. Among this number was the Engebretsen family, which has been identified with this locality for almost forty years, and a worthy representative of which is Martin Engebretsen, who is successfully engaged in dairy farming near Granite Falls. He was born at Battle Lake, Minnesota, on the 2d day of October, 1882, and is a son of John and Annie Engebretsen. In 1888 the family came to Norman, Washington, where the father bought a tract of land on which the parents are still living, the father having created a fine farm and comfortable home out of the wilderness. After attending the public schools, Martin Engebretsen took a course in the Everett Business College and then spent two years at the State Normal School at Bellingham. He next taught school one year at Norman, after which he assisted his father on the home place for two years. In 1912 he bought one hundred acres of land near Granite Falls and now has forty acres of the land under cultivation, most of the remainder being partly cleared and affording excellent pasturage. Here he has engaged in dairy farming, keeping a herd of high grade and registered Guernsey cattle and he is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He raises good crops of hay and grain and has been very successful in this enterprise. In 1911 Mr. Engebretsen was married to Miss Gyda Anderson, who was born in Silvana, this county, the daughter of Mike and Anna Anderson, who came to Snohomish county in the later '80s. By their marriage have been born five children, Joel, John, Agnes, Andy and Edith. Mr. Engebretsen is a republican in his political views. His record here has been such as to win for him the unbounded esteem and good will of his fellow citizens, who appreciate his worth as a man and citizen. INDEPENDENT TRUCK COMPANY Among the important enterprises which have contributed in a very definite degree to the general business prosperity of Snohomish county stands the Independent Truck Company, the headquarters and offices of which are in Everett. The concern was started in 1914 by R. V. Bovee and E. R. Taylor, through whose indomitable energy and preserving efforts it attained such pronounced success that in January 1, 1923, the business was incorporated under 770 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY its present name, with R. V. Boyce, as president ; E. R. Taylor, secretary and treasurer ; S. E. Taylor, Charles Leo, C. H. Bovee and E. C. Taylor, directors. The concern was located at 2728 Broadway until 1926, when the company erected its warehouse, two stories and basement, one hundred by one hundred feet in size, of brick and concrete construction. This is a class A building and is provided with an up-to-date automatic sprinkler system for fire protection. They also have erected a garage and repair shop, one hundred and twenty by one hundred and twenty-five feet, one story high, having a concrete floor and steel walls. The Independent Truck Company, which is engaged in the transporting of freight from Seattle to BellingLim and all way points, operates a fleet of forty-three trucks and trailers and employs fifty men, calling for a pay roll of sixty thousand dollars a year. By giving first class service, characterized by promptness, painstaking methods, courtesy and accommodation, they have established themselves firmly in the confidence of the section through which their line passes and are enjoying a large and steadily increasing business. E. R. Taylor, the efficient secretary and treasurer of the Independent Truck Company, was born in Waupaca county, Wisconsin, in 1893, and is a son of R. B. and Retta (Worby) Taylor. The family came to Everett in 1903, locating soon afterwards at Three Lakes, and later settling at Lake Stephens. In more recent years the family has lived in Everett, the father being for Snohomish county agent for the Dupont powder products. E. R. Taylor is indebted to the common schools for his educational training, completing his studies after coming to Snohomish county. Then he went to work in shingle mills and later was in the employ of the Lake Stephens Trading Company. In 1914 he came to Everett and established the truck line with which he has since been identified, R. V. Bovee being his first partner. During the ensuing years he has devoted himself closely to the upbuilding of the business, which has reached mammoth proportions, being now the largest and most important motor transport line in this section of the country. He is a man of splendid ability and foresight and he has been a most important factor in the success which has characterized this enterprise. In 1917 Mr. Taylor was married to Miss Mildred Leo, of Lake Stephens, who was engaged in teaching school prior to her marriage. They now have two children, Richard and Edgar, Jr. In political matters Mr. Taylor is not closely bound by party ties, usually voting the republican ticket on national issues, while in local elections he supports the men whom he considers best qualified for the offices they seek. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is also a member of the Everett Kiwanis Club, the Chamber of Commerce, the Washington Automotive Trades Association, of which he is vice president, and a director and vice president of the Auto Freight Depot of Seattle. With few opportunities except what his own efforts provided, he has made an exceptional success of life. Public-spirited and active in support of measures for good, he has become one of the leading citizens of his community. In his dealings with his fellowmen he has always recognized the fact that the rights and privileges of others were of equal importance with his own, has governed himself accordingly, and therefore he has won the respect and good will of all with whom he has come into contact, in either a business or social way. WILLIAM F. ULRICH William F. Ulrich, veteran merchant at Index and for years postmaster of that enterprising and flourishing village, is a native of Minnesota, born at Hutchinson in McLeod county, that state, December 31, 1879, and is a son of Henry and Caroline (Ballinger) Ulrich, both of whom are still living. Reared in his home town, Mr. Ulrich was graduated from the local high school and his mercantile career was begun by clerking in stores there. In 1901, not long after reaching his majority and attracted by the possibilities of development then so apparent in this section of the state of Washington, he came to Snohomish county and bought the E. T. Rogers general store at Index. Success marked his venture and he has since been engaged in business here, proprietor of one of the best stocked and most admirably appointed commercial establishments of its character in the county. In 1906 he was commissioned postmaster of Index and is still serving in that important public capacity, his service now covering a period of more than twenty years. When the village of Index was incorporated under its present form of government Mr. Ulrich was elected a member of the first city council and thus had a hand in the labors of starting the new municipality on the way it ought to go. He also for five years served as city treasurer and in other ways had been one of the active and influential personal factors in the general civic affairs of his home town as well as a leader in the general commercial life of the community. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 771 On May 16, 1906, in Index, Mr. Ulrich was united in marriage to Miss Persis E. Gunn, who had seen the village grow from the days of its very beginning and who at that time was acting as postmistress of the town. To this union three sons have been born : Robert, in 1907 ; Donald, in 1913 ; and William, who was born in 1915, and died in 1918. Mr. and Mrs. Ulrich are republicans and have long been regarded as among the leaders of that party in that section of the county. Mr. Ulrich is a member of the local Masonic lodge, has attained the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite and also belongs to the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and of the Improved Order of Red Men. Mrs. Ulrich was born in Kansas and is a daughter of Amos D. and Persis (Graves) Gunn, who were natives of Illinois, and both now deceased. They were among the real pioneers of the Index settlement, of which they became a part in the year 1890. In 1891 Amos D. Gunn was appointed postmaster of Index and served in that office until in 1899, when he was succeeded by his daughter, Mrs. Ulrich, who served until after her marriage in 1906, when she was succeeded by her husband, the present postmaster. Mr. Gunn, who died in 1907, was one of the able and influential pioneers of the Index settlement. He built and for some time conducted the Globe Hotel and was in other ways active in promoting the interests of the growing village. His memory and that of his wife are forever perpetuated in Washington, for Gunn's Peak and Mount Persis were so named in honor of these worthy pioneers. Mr. and Mrs. Ulrich have a pleasant home in Index and have ever taken an interested and helpful part in the general social activities of the community of which they have so long been a part. As was written concerning Mr. Ulrich some years ago, "he manifests a public-spirited devotion to everything relative to Index and his labors in her behalf have been so intelligently and wisely directed that most gratifying results have been accomplished." PETER L. ANDERSON Thirty-five years have been added to the past since Peter L. Anderson, now a well known farmer of the Cedarhome district, took up his permanent residence in Snohomish county. He has been a witness. of and participant in the wonderful transformation which has taken place in this nature-favored section of the state and stands among those whose efforts have been for the advancement of the public welfare, while by a life guided by right principles and high ideals, he has won a high place in the estimation of his fellow citizens. Peter L. Anderson was born in Norway on the 15th of September, 1851, and is a son of Lars Anderson and Anna (Leque) Taurblau. He was brought to the United States by his parents when six months old, the ocean voyage by sailing requiring thirteen weeks. The family first settled in Wisconsin, where they remained seven or eight years, and in 1859 went overland by ox-teams to South Dakota, of which they were pioneers. They homesteaded land there, which the father devoleped into a good farm. Those were troubled days in the Dakota country, for the Indians were very hostile to the white settlers, harassing them in every possible way. In 1862 the Sioux Indians went on the war path and the Anderson family and others were compelled to abandon their homes and live stock and flee for their lives. The An-dersons went by ox team to Vermilion and Sioux City, and thence on to Council Bluffs, Iowa, where they remained until the fall of that year, when, the Indians having quieted down, they returned to their homes. Mr. Anderson remembers incidents of this period, especially the massacre of a number of children. In one instance, the red men put a child in an oven and roasted it alive. The parents spent the rest of their lives in Dakota, the mother dying in 1875 and the father in 1900. They were the parents of ten children, namely : Peter, Julia, Andrew, Ole, David, Sarah, George, Martin, Anna and Amos. Mr. Anderson received his education in the public schools of South Dakota and remained with his parents until twenty-two years of age, when he went to work on steamboats on the Missouri river in Montana. He was at the mouth of the Little Big Horn river in Montana in 1876 when General Custer and his soldiers were killed by the Indians and he took forty-three wounded soldiers on the steamer "Far West" to Fort Lincoln. Soon afterwards Mr. Anderson returned to South Dakota and for about five years ran a peddler wagon there. He remained in that state until 1891, when he came to Stanwood, Washington, and helped an uncle, Nels Leque in the harvest fields. He then ran a thresher for Peter Leque for thirteen years. On coming here he took up a forty-acre homestead relinquishment on section 32, township 4 east, in the Cedarhome district, the land at that time being covered with heavy cedar and fir timber. He cleared off part of this land and has lived here ever since, excepting eight years that he spent in California and Arizona. In the early days Mr. Anderson also ran a baling 772 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY outfit for Peter Leque, but later bought it and operated it for himself for three years. "Highland View farm," as Mr. Anderson's place is appropriately named, commanding as it does a splendid view of the Sound country, has been improved and developed into a very comfortable and attractive place and here Mr. Anderson is spending the golden sunset years of his life in peace and comfort. In 1879 Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Mary Olson, who was born in Wisconsin, and they have ten children, namely, Mrs. Anna Smith, Louis, Fred, Christina, Carrie, deceased, Colbern; Emma, deceased, Peter, Mary and one that died in infancy. The mother of these children passed away in 1905. Quiet and unassuming in manner, nevertheless Mr. Anderson has- so ordered his career as to win and retain the sincere respect and friendship of his fellowmen and is regarded as one of- the worthy and substantial citizens of his community. CAPTAIN ANGUS FIFE Captain Angus Fife had led a seafaring life for many years when in the fall of 1902 he took up his permanent abode in Everett, where he has since remained an active factor in business circles as secretary and treasurer of the American Packing Company, of which he was one of the organizers. His birth occurred in Scotland on the 20th of October, 1862, his parents being John and Christina (McKay) Fife, the former a stonecutter by trade. Angus Fife went to sea as a boy and had attained the age of sixteen when in 1878 he came to Puget Sound, here remaining for a year. After another decade of seafaring he returned in 1888 to Seattle, Washington, where he remained as second mate of the Ferndale. He was given a captain's license out of Port Townsend in 1892 and subsequently ran boats to Alaska and all along the coast for a number of years. It was in the fall of 1902, as above stated, that he established his home in Everett, where he has since resided. He became one of the organizers of the American Packing Company and also of the American Tug Boat Company of Everett and is connected with the former in the dual official capacity of secretary and treasurer. The American Packing Company was organized in 1915 and furnishes employment to from three hundred to five hundred people in the packing of fruit and fish. The product is sold all over the world. In 1906 Captain Fife was united in marriage to Ellen W. Andrews, a native of New Jersey. In politics he is a stanch republican, supporting the men and measures of that party at the polls. The period of his residence in Everett covers about a quarter of a century, and he enjoys an enviable reputation as one of the representative and successful business men as well as highly esteemed citizens of the community. JOHN F. PATTY John F. Patty, who is devoting himself to dairy farming near Gold Bar, was born in Stone county, Missouri, on the 31st of December, 1865, and is the son of John B. and Mary Jane (Ballard) Patty, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Missouri. The father was a soldier in the Union army during the Civil war and then followed the occupation of farming. In 1884 he and his family started for eastern Washington but when near Grand Round valley, Oregon, the children were taken with the measles, which compelled them to halt in their travel. They remained there through two winters and in 1886 resumed their journey to eastern Washington. The father entered a homestead near Sprague, which was in the wheat and cattle country, and there he spent his remaining years, dying in the fall of 1923, at the age of eighty-three. To him and his wife were born nine children, as follows : Mrs. Nancy Moore, who lives at Gold Bar ; John F. ; Mrs. Belle Brooks, of Kirkland; Cal, of Gold Bar ; Harvey ; Mrs. Mattie Amon, of Seattle ; Mrs. Nettie Yarwood ; 0. W.; and Grace, who died at the age of sixteen years. John F. Patty had but little opportunity for an education, attending school at Sprague, a few months, and then he and his brothers hired a teacher for a short time. He remained at home until twenty-one years of age, when he took up a homestead and timber claim near Sprague, keeping this land until 1908, though during the last two years he had rented it and had gone to Ashland, Oregon. There he remained until 1917, when he came to his present place, comprising forty-two and a half acres of land near Gold Bar. No improvements had been made on the land, which was exceedingly rough, but by hard and persistent work he HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 773 has cleared ten acres and has it in cultivation. He raises registered Guernsey cattle, has eleven head of pure breds and is planning to increase his operations along that line. He sells practically all of the milk to the logging companies in the neighborhood. In 1898 Mr. Patty was married to Miss Rosa Mead, who is a native of Iowa and a daughter of Milton and Rosette (Ferris) Mead, the former a native of Indiana and a farmer by occupation. To Mr. and Mrs. Patty have been born three children, namely : Ethel, who died at the age of thirteen years ; Mrs. Ruth Boyden of Sultan and Mrs. Esther Beam of Seattle, who has a son, John. In the early days of his residence in this state Mr. Patty assisted in building the first school houses and served efficiently as a member of the school board. Mr. Patty is a member of the Masonic lodge and the Order of the Eastern Star at Sultan, and was formerly a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Loyal Order of Moose. He is a gentleman of many excellent personal attributes, has always been public-spirited in his attitude towards all movements for the betterment of the general welfare, and throughout the community is regarded as a true and loyal citizen. His brother Cal Patty, who was born in Arkansas, lives on a farm adjoining the subject and also is engaged in the raising of pure bred Guernsey cattle. He was a range rider for ten years and from 1893 to 1897 was the champion rider of the Northwest. He homesteaded in the Big Bend country and for a number of years was employed at railroad work but now devotes all his time to his ranch. He is married and has four children, William, Mrs. Doris Cobert, Mrs. Ione Jewell and Eula. S. L. McGHEE Among the honored old pioneers of Snohomish county who have contributed in a very definite way to the upbuilding and improvement of their respective localities, specific mention should be made of S. L. McGhee, who for forty years has been numbered among the sturdy and dependable citizens of the county. Mr. McGhee was born in Tennessee on the 19th of June, 1845, and is a son of James and Elizabeth (Hayes) McGhee, both of whom were natives and lifelong residents of Tennessee, where the father owned a large plantation and followed farming during all his active years. To him and his wife were born nine children, of whom the subject of this sketch is the only survivor. S. L. McGhee was reared at home and secured his education in the public schools. He then engaged in railroading, in the course of time being promoted to the position of engineer, in which he served for a number of years. In 1873, with a desire to see something of the world, he started on a trip, visiting South America, whence he went to Australia, where he spent some time, and later went to London, and from there home. He lived for eleven years in Salem, Oregon, and in 1886 he came to Snohomish county, buying one hundred and sixty acres of land. The tract was covered with heavy tiniber, but he at once cleared a small space, erected a log cabin, and proceeded to the task of clearing the remainder of the land. Later he built a larger house and set out a fine orchard of apple and cherry trees, as well as a variety of small fruits, so that he now has an abundance of all kinds of fruit. He has always kept the place well improved, so that it is considered one of the best farms in the locality. Some years ago Mr. McGhee gave each of his two sons, J. L. and C. S., forty acres of land, on which they built homes and are now living there. The sons are progressive and up-to-date farmers and honored citizens of the community. Politically Mr. McGhee has always maintained an independent attitude, voting invariably for the men whom he believes to be best qualified for the offices they seek, regardless of party lines. He has long been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has been a witness of and a participant in the wonderful development which has characterized Snohomish county and takes a justifiable pride in the part he has played in the trasformation. He is candid and straightforward in all his relations with his fellowmen, and throughout this locality he commands the confidence and esteem of all who know him. WARD J. CONNERS Among the successful and energetic farmers of the Tualco valley mention should be made of Ward J. Conners, whose present prosperity has been gained solely by his own unaided efforts, for he was orphaned at an early age and has ever since been on his own resources. Mr. Conners was born in Bloomington, Illinois, in 1883. His father was killed when the 774 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY son was two years old, while the mother, Mrs. Clara Ellen (Bay) Conners, passed away when he was ten years old. They were both natives of Illinois, in which state they were reared and educated, both attending college. When Ward was but a baby the family came to California, where the father engaged in farming until his death. Ward J. Conners went to school at Mountain View, near San Jose, California, and in San Francisco, and completed his education at Berkeley. He started to work at the age of thirteen years, being employed on ranches, and then went to Hercules, Powder county, California, where he learned the trade of a pipefitter. At Oakland he was employed in the steam heating department of a company, spending about four years in these two places. He then turned his attention to farming, renting and operating a small ranch near Berkeley, and also ran a hay press until 1917. After spending six months in looking around, most of the time in Los Angeles, he drove from that city to Monroe, Snohomish county. He first located at Park Place, near Monroe, where he remained about a year and then took up his abode on a place a short distance up the river from his present home, but it was too small and he then leased the Crow & McShane claim, of seventy acres, which he now occupies. He has about fifty acres of this tract cleared and is devoting his attention chiefly to dairy farming. He keeps from sixteen to eighteen good grade Holsteins and separates his cream. He has a good set of farm buildings and a silo, for which he grows corn, and in addition raises the ordinary grain crops. He has been successful to a very gratifying degree, exercising sound judgment and wise discrimination in all that he does. In 1911, in San Francisco, Mr. Conners was united in marriage to Miss Sylvia Graves, who was born in Tulare, California, the daughter of A. and Jennie (Robinson) Graves. Her father, who was born in Minnesota, was a veteran of the Civil war, and died about 1916, while her mother, who also was born in Minnesota, is in the Soldiers' Home at Tetsil, California. To Mr. and Mrs. Conners have been born five children, namely : Ralph, Jean, Forest, Alice and Dorothy. Mr. and Mrs. Conners are members of the Grange. Mr. Conners has supported everything calculated to better his community in any way and he enjoys a high reputation as a man and citizen. FRANK B. MARTIN Frank B. Martin has long been numbered among the progressive and energetic business men of Everett and is closely identified with a number of prominent and prosperous business enterprises that have been important factors in the development of this section of the country. Born in 1882, in Effingham county, Illinois, he is a son of William and Susan (Crosser) Martin, both of whom are deceased. The father was engaged in farming during his active life. In the public schools Frank B. Martin secured his education and then took a course in a business college. He remained on his father's farm until 1903, when he went to South Bend, Washington, and entered the employ of the Simpson Lumber Company, which was managed by W. H. Boner. In 1909 he came to Everett and joined the Weyerhaeuser Lumber Company as accountant and has remained with this concern to the present time, having during this period been identified with every branch of the business, including the Weyerhaeuser subsidiary companies. He is now treasurer and manager of the Pomona Steamship Company, the Hanley Steamship Company, the Hegira Stsamship Company and the Heffron Steamship Company, and secretary and a director of The General Insurance Company of America, the General Casualty Company of America and the American Insurance Agency. He is also the local treasurer of the Weyerhaeuser Mills. Of the companies officially represented by Mr. Martin, the Pomona Steamship Company, established in 1923, the Hanley Steamship Company, in 1923, the Hegira Steamship Company, in 1925, and the Heffron Steamship Company, in 1926, each represents a steamship of the same name, the four ships comprising the high seas fleet of the Weyerhaeuser Mills. Each ship is four hundred and fifty-seven feet long with a dead weight tonnage of eleven thousand six hundred tons. All four ships are engaged in transporting lumber from the Weyerhaeuser Mills at Everett to Baltimore, Maryland, to Providence, Rhode Island, and to other Atlantic coast distributing yards. Each ship has a carrying capacity of six million feet of lumber, is provided with two thousand seven hundred twenty horse-power triple expansion steam engines and was built by the Bethlehem Ship Building Company of San Francisco. Each ship, with a crew of thirty-nine men, requires six days to load with lumber. It takes twenty-five days to run to Baltimore, and requires ten days in port to unload in readiness for a return cargo of general freight. The officers of the steamship companies are as follows : HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 775 J. P. Weyerhaeuser, president ; George S. Long, vice president ; AV. F. McCormick, secretary ; and Frank B. Martin, treasurer and manager. The General Insurance Company of America, which was established in March, 1923, includes among its stockholders many of the most prominent and substantial business men of the coast, while its finance committee is composed of the presidents of the Metropolitan National Bank of Seattle, the Capital National Bank of Olympia, the First National Bank of Seattle, and the vice president of the First National Bank of Everett, and the Seattle National Bank of Seattle. This business, which has enjoyed a remarkable growth, is, capitalized for one million dollars and has a surplus of more than that amount. The company conducts a general fire insurance business in seventeen states of the Union, and was formed to take risks on preferred super-protected industrial and manufacturing plants, office buildings and residences. The General Casualty Company writes automobile and casualty insurance, has the same officers as the General Insurance Company, and has a capital of two hundred thousand dollars and a surplus of one hundred thousand dollars. The American Insurance Agency, with the same officers and a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars, does a general insurance brokerage business. It will thus be seen that Mr. Martin is a very busy man and the interests with which he is identified are among the most important on the coast but he is fortunate in the possession of those attributes which enable him to handle large affairs with a minimum amount of effort. He has devoted himself closely to his business affairs, in which he has acquitted himself with honor, and today he occupies an enviable position among the business men of the great west. He is a man of strong individuality, deliberate and sound in his judgment, and forceful in action, and he enjoys to a marked degree the absolute confidence and esteem of his business associates and the public. On April 11, 1906, Mr. Martin was married to Miss Grace Murdock, who was born and reared 'in South Bend, Washington, and they are the parents of two children, Dorothy and Lois. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and has become a Scottish Rite Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Cascade Club and the Everett Country Club. Politically he is affiliated with the republican party. During the World war Mr. Martin was active in the advancement of all local war measures and is now a director and chairman of the finance committee of the Red Cross. In the midst of extensive private business interests he has always found time for cooperation with those projects which underlie the civic and moral interests of the country. W. B. GRIFFIN W. B. Griffin, who owns an excellent little ranch near Snohomish and who is also active in other business relations, was born at Big Rapids, Mecosta county, Michigan, on the 18th day of April, 1861, and is a son of A. A. and Jane (Cook) Griffin, the former a native of New York and the latter of Canada. The father went to Michigan in 1855 and located in Mecosta county, where he was one of the early pioneers. He homesteaded a tract of land covered with pine and hardwood and there developed a valuable farm. W. B. Griffin was reared there and secured his education in the public schools of that neighborhood. At the age of sixteen lie went to work in the woods, which occupation he followed for about ten years, and then turned his attention to railroading, becoming a fireman on the Grand Rapids & Indiana railroad. After nine months he went to the northern peninsula of Michigan, where he continued railroad work for about four and a half years, at the end of which time he went to Danville, Illinois, and was employed as fireman and later as engineer, on the Chicago & Eastern Illinois railroad for a number of years. At the time of the big railroad strike he went back to Michigan, where he was engaged in farming for about five years. In 1905 Mr. Griffin came to Everett, Washington, and entered the employ of the Robinson Manufacturing Company, with whom he remained two and a half years. He then engaged in teaming, working for several firms in Everett, and was fairly successful. He acquired a piece of town property, which lie traded for a farm at Machias, to the operation of which he devoted his energies for two years. For the benefit of his wife's health, he returned to Everett, where he drove a team for the Clarke-Nickerson Company for two years. He then bought his present farm of five acres near Snohomish, the only improvement on which was an old shack, the land being thickly covered with stumps and brush. To the clearing of this land he bent his energies and now has all cleared but about an acre. He has built a comfortable and attractive house and has other good buildings, so that he is now 776 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY very comfortably situated. He keeps a few cows and a flock of laying hens and has a nice berry patch. During the greater part of the time for the past nine years he has served as night watchman for the American Packing Company, one of the long established packing concerns of this locality, handling fish only. Mr. Griffin has been twice married, first, on October 15, 1884, at Big Rapids, Michigan, to Miss May Johnston, who died in 1920. She was a native of New Brunswick and was a daughter of G. W. and Sarah (Wiswill) Johnston, both of whom were natives of Nova Scotia. On March 12, 1921, Mr. Griffin was married to Miss Grace Skeels, a native of Connecticut, who came to Washington twenty-three years ago with her brother, Frank U. Skeel, who was an agent for the Singer Sewing Machine Company and died about 1912. Her parents were I. I). and Esther (Bonnell) Skeel, both of whom were natives of Connecticut. Fraternally, Mr. Griffin is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, which he joined many years ago in Michigan and now belongs to Everett Lodge No. 187, and also to the encampment, while he and his wife are members of the Daughters of Rebekah. Mr. Griffin's career has been characterized by persistent industry, sound judgment and public spirit, and he cooperates with his fellowmen in all movements for the advancement of the community along legitimate lines. He is kindly and affable in all his social relations and enjoys the respect and good will of all who come in contact with him. EDWARD A. HOLCOMB Edward A. Holcomb, one of the progressive business men of Index, has spent much of his life in Snohomish county and represents one of its old and highly respected families. He was born April 27, 1884, in Ulster, Pennsylvania, and is a son of A. H. and Adelia (ljavens) Holcomb, who migrated to Washington in 1889, locating in Seattle. In 1892 they moved to Lowell, Washington, and a few years later became residents of Florence. In 1902 the father purchased a farm near Snohomish, where he has since made his home, developing a fine ranch, and is now living retired. Edward A. Holcomb was but five years old when his parents came to the Pacific coast and his education was completed in the Washington State College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1909. He entered the service of the United States government and for seven years was connected with the forestry department. In 1920 he embarked in the grocery business at Index, becoming associated with his brothers, S. J. and C. M. Holcomb, and since 1921 has been the proprietor of the store. He carries a fine stock of meats and groceries and enjoys a large trade. The business is capably managed and his honesty is above question. In 1912 Mr. Holcomb married Miss Edna L. Price, a native of Pierre, South Dakota, and they now have two children, Edward A., Jr., and Janet. Mr. Holcomb is a Mason and he casts his ballot for the candidates of the republican party. He has never sought public office, reserving all of his energies for his business, and through the wise conduct of important mercantile interests is contributing his share toward the commercial development of the town, at the same time winning individual prosperity. GEORGE AUSTIN TOZER George Austin Tozer is the popular and successful young proprietor of the Bayside Pharmacy at 1217 Hewitt avenue in Everett. His birth occurred in Leavenworth, Chelan county, Washington, in 1895, his parents being Adolphus A. and Mary (Ford) Tozer, the former born in England, while the latter is a native of Montana. Dr. Adolphus A. Tozer, a physician by profession, became a resident of Sedro Woolley, Washington, in 1891 and subsequently removed to Wenatchee, this state, whence he returned to Sedro Woolley, while later he took up his abode at Leavenworth. He next went to the Cascade Tunnel of the Great Northern Railway, for which corporation he there served as physician. In 1900 Dr. Tozer came to Everett and embarked in the drug business as proprietor of the Commerce Pharmacy, which he conducted successfully to the time of his death in April, 1922. His widow still resides in Everett, where she has gained many warm friends. George A. Tozer supplemented his preliminary education by two years' attendance at the University of Minnesota. He enlisted in the Canadian air service at the time of the World war but was transferred to the United States army, in which he became one of the first HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 777 flyers. He spent two years in the pursuit division, was instructor of aviation for eighteen months and served overseas for a period of seven months. Following his honorable discharge from the army he entered the pharmaceutical department of the State College of Washington at Pullman, from which he was graduated in 1921. In the succeeding year he acquired his father's drug establishment, known as the Commerce Pharmacy, which he later sold, opening the Bayside Pharmacy at 1217 Hewitt avenue in Everett. Here he has developed an enterprise of extensive and profitable proportions, for he carries a comprehensive line of drugs and druggists' sundries and has become widely known as an alert and progressive young business man. On the 31st of August, 1923, Mr. Tozer was married to vVinnif red Inkster, a native of Davenport, Washington. He gives his political support to the republican party, belongs to the American Legion and fraternally is identified with the Masons and with the Greek letter society Sigma Nu. T. B. SUMNER As the tallest mountain towers above the foothills of the range, so will the institution cherishing high ideals loom large upon the horizon of the business world. The history of the marvelous growth of the Sumner Iron Works of Everett presents a forcible illustration of the truth of this statement, for the principles of honor, quality, strength and service constituted the foundation of the business and the mammoth industry of today is the complete realization of the dream of its founders, Fred W. and T. B. Sumner. The latter is vice president of the firm and has also figured conspicuously in public affairs, serving as mayor of Everett, while he has likewise filled the office of state senator. Mr. Sumner was born March 25, 1858, in Waupun, Wisconsin, where his parents, Farnum A. and Emily (Case) Sumner, were pioneer settlers. He was reared on a farm and attended the public schools of Hutchinson, Minnesota. At an early age he exhibited a keen interest in machinery and soon developed talent along that line. He aided in the cultivation of the home farm and joined his brother Fred in starting a stage line from Hutchinson to Dassel, Minnesota, which they operated daily for two years, also carrying freight. They disposed of their span of colts to a neighboring lumberman, who furnished them the material for a workshop eighteen by twenty-four feet, which they built themselves, and in this building they began their work as manufacturers. T. B. Sumner was installed as machinist and his brother acted as blacksmith, while later they secured an experienced molder. These modest quarters soon proved inadequate and from time to time they enlarged the building, which they occupied until 1893, when T. B. Sumner visited Everett, Washington, for the purpose of selecting a suitable site. Their foundry was built on the Snohomish river, near the bridge, and at first they experienced many difficulties, negotiating the payroll being frequently a matter of financial finesse. They had brought with them a number of their Hutchinson employes, to whom they had guaranteed steady work, and since it was started the plant has been in constant operation. The Sumner Iron Works supplied the Monte Cristo mines with a large amount of equipment and the firm next entered the marine trade. They were the builders of the Telegraph, the fastest stern-wheeler in the world, and the City of Everett, also constructing boats for the Yukon country. They were the originators of the method of thawing ground in Alaska by means of steam and made equipment for that purpose, also manufacturing pumps, separators, amalgamators and all sorts of mining and sawmill machinery for shipment to that country. They have more than two hundred men, the majority of whom are skilled mechanics, and their plant is now situated near the paper mill in Lowell. It covers ten acres and is the largest and most modern institution of the kind in the entire northwest. They have an iron, brass, steel and aluminum foundry and machine shop and specialize in machinery for shingle mills and saw mills, a line of work in which they have few equals and no superiors. They installed the machinery in the Everett mill of the Canyon Lumber Company and also equipped the large plant of the Frazer River Lumber Company at New Westminster, British Columbia, as well as many other important mills. The firm has also established a plant at Summerton, five miles from Vancouver, British Columbia, and incorporated the Canadian Sumner Works, Ltd., of which T. B. Sumner was elected president, with E. L. McLean as vice president, J. Bruce Gibson as treasurer and J. H. W. Pugh as secretary. Twenty-two thousand, five hundred dollars was paid for the site and the plant is thoroughly modern and up-to-date, representing an expenditure of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. The firm has unexcelled facilities for shipment both by rail and water and its trade in the Dominion is of great volume and importance. T. B. Sumner is vice president and general manager of the Everett corporation, 778 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY of which his brother is president, and that both are master builders is demonstrated by the development of this great industry, which stands as an imposing monument to their powers of organization and administration. On January 1, 1879, T. B. Sumner was married in Minnesota to Miss Elva Boniwell, by whom he has four children: Emily, who completed her education in the University of Washington and lives with her parents; Abbie, who is a graduate of a Boston (Mass.) school, and also resides at home ; and George and Frank, who are associated with their father in business. Mr. Sumner is a Knight Templar Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He has attained the thirty-second degree in the order and is also connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of the United Workmen. He is a charter member of the Cascade Club and was its president in 1925. He is a life member of the Elks Club of Everett and is also connected with the Old Colony Club and the Arctic Club of Seattle. He turns to golf for recreation and is a charter member of the Everett Country Club. He is an adherent of the republican party and has devoted much thought to political questions, being strongly opposed to direct primaries, which he regards as a useless expenditure of public funds. He was a member of the state senate of Washington from 1900 until 1908 and served on the appropriations committee, taking a keen interest in the proceedings of that law-making body. He espoused the moral side of every issue, carefully considering each question brought before the senate, and served the state with clean hands. He was one of the councilmen of Everett and was called to the mayoralty, giving to the city a businesslike and progressive administration characterized by needed reforms and improvements. Mr. Sumner is an ardent advocate of the cause of education and an earnest worker in behalf of the Bellingham Normal School and the State University. He has a high conception of the duties and responsibilities of citizenship and has been in the van of every movement looking toward the accomplishment of real and practical good. He is a firm friend, always to be relied upon, and a man whom to know is to esteem and honor. JOHN FURNESS John Furness, president of the State Bank of Silvana and long one of the most active business men of his section of the county, was born in Norway on the 9th of July, 1860, and is a son of Iver and Maret (Vekew) Furness, also natives of Norway and both now deceased. The son attended the public schools of his native land and completed his education in the schools of Yankton, South Dakota. In 1876 he accompanied his parents on their removal to Washington, the father acquiring a ranch near Norman, and for several years he assisted his father in the development of this property. He then engaged in the logging business on his own account, carrying on that line of work until 1883, when with the money he had saved, he opened a general store at Norman. He proved a good business man and met with well deserved success in this enterprise, which he conducted for thirteen years, in the meantime gaining a splendid reputation for his high business ideals and methods. During the ensuing three years he lived on the home farm with his parents, but in 1901 went to Everett and organized the Everett Creamery Company, of which he became general manager. After about two years, on February 1, 1903, the business was merged with the Puget Sound Ice and Storage Company and capitalized at thirty-five thousand dollars. The officers of this company were as follows : 0. E. Sully, president ; M. S. Sully, vice president ; K. K. Aalen, secretary ; John Furness, treasurer. This company did a large business in all kinds of dairy products and fruits, including tropical fruits. Eventually Mr. Furness sold his interest in the creamery business and accepted a position as manager of the Iles & Newman implement store in Everett, of which he had charge for three years. He then resigned that position and in the spring of 1912 moved back to his farm at Norman, which is still his home and which he has developed and improved until it is now one of the comfortable and attractive country homes of this locality. In 1920 Mr. Furness and W. C. Brokaw, of Stanwood, organized the State Bank of Silvana, with original capital stock and surplus of sixteen thousand five hundred dollars. This enterprise has been successful from the beginning and now has resources of over one hundred thousand dollars. The original board of directors, all of whom are still serving, is as follows: A. A. Satrum, I. 0. Nysether, Iver Botten, Joseph Rygg and John Furness, the last named serving as president continuously from its organization. On July 9, 1902, Mr. Furness was united in marriage to Miss Jennie A. Peterson, a native of South Dakota, and a daughter of 0. C. and Marith Peterson, the former born in Wisconsin and the latter in Norway. To Mr. and Mrs. Furness have been born a son and daughter. Milton J., who was born on May 9, 1903, graduated from the Arlington high school, and then HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 779 entered the Oregon Agricultural College, where he took the course in forestry. He is unmarried and remains at home. Ivo 0. Furness, who was born on May 3, 1904, graduated from the Arlington high school and the State Normal School at Bellingham and is now employed in the county assessor's office at Everett. Mr. Furness is a man of marked strength of character and sound judgment in business affairs, courteous and accommodating in all his relations with the public, and has been influential and effective in advancing the general welfare of his county. OLE C. SORENSEN Ole C. Sorensen is a pioneer of Snohomish county, who, after a long and busy life, is now living retired, spending his days in his attractive home in Edmonds. He was born at Hole, Pingerike, Norway, on the 8th of March, 1862, and is a son of Erick and Mary (Hansen) Sorensen. The father was a blacksmith by trade and died in Norway in 1900, at the age of sixty-eight years, being survived by his widow, who is still living there at the age of ninety-one years. To them were born nine children, of whom seven are living, and four are residents of America. Ole C. Sorensen was reared under the parental roof and attended the public schools, after which he learned the trade of blacksmithing. In 1882 he came to the United States, locating first at Moorhead, Minnesota, where he worked in a brickyard for two seasons and attended public school two winters. Then he went to Mayville, North Dakota, and worked at the blacksmith's trade, later following the same line of work on Sheldon Dalrymple's farm at Grandin, that state. In 1888 he came to Washington, settling first at Edmonds, and went to work as a blacksmith in J. W. Currie's logging camp, where he remained three years. He then established a blacksmith shop of his own in Edmonds, which he operated for about ten years. In 1902 he built a shingle mill at Echo Lake, King county, which he sold after operating it for six years. He also had a mill at Redmond, King county, which he operated for six years, after which he went to Island county and established a mill, which he operated with marked success until 1918 under the name of the Avondale Shingle Company, of which he was president. After selling his interest in that business he returned to Edmonds, where he has built a splendid home, in which he is now living. In 1914 he became a stockholder in the Bank of Edmonds, of which he is now a director and vice president. In 1887 Mr. Sorensen was united in marriage to Miss Anna M. Thoresen, who was born at HOnefos, Norway, a daughter of Thore and Mary (Christiansen) Thoresen, who came to the United States in 1881 and located at Moorhead, Minnesota, where they spent their remaining years. They were the parents of five children but Mrs. Sorensen is the only one living. To Mr. and Mrs. Sorensen have been born three children : Ralph H., who is a stockholder in the Quality Shingle Mill, of Edmonds, is married and has five children ; Otto N., of Edmonds, is married and has a daughter ; and Edna M. is at home. Mr. Sorensen is a member of Edmonds Lodge, No. 165, A. F. & A. M. Since coming to this country he has made two visits to his native land, the last trip being in 1908, when he took his family with him. During all the years of his residence here he has maintained a deep interest in the welfare and progress of the community and has contributed to its upbuilding and prosperity. LEE PICKETT Lee Pickett, of Index, has gained a wide reputation as a representative of the photographic art and is acknowledged to be one of the best in the country particularly in scenic photography. His portrait work is also of a high order and he commands a large and steadily increasing patronage in that line. Mr. Pickett was born in the state of Michigan in 1881 and is a son of D. P. and Minnie (Cole) Pickett, both being descended from sterling old American stock. His father was also a native of Michigan, while his mother was born in New York state. The father was a barber in his earlier years, but later became a carpenter and contractor, and was accidentally killed in 1903 at Marquette, Michigan. Lee Pickett secured his education in the public schools of Michigan and later was employed as a bookkeeper. In 1898 he came to Washington with his grandfather, stopping in Snohomish county, and later going to Nome, Alaska, where they spent one season. He then returned to Michigan and completed his education. He next turned his attention to photography, which he thoroughly mastered and has followed ever since. In 1904 he came to Snohomish, Wash- 780 HISTORY OF SNOHOM ISH COUNTY ington, but shortly afterward went to Seattle, where he conducted a photograph gallery for three years, at the end of which time he took a trip down the coast through California and old Mexico, and for a period had a studio in Los Angeles. He then started on a tour eastward, going to New Orleans and through the southern and eastern states and as far north as Halifax, Nova Scotia, from which point he came home by way of Montreal and Chicago, reaching Seattle in 1909, after an absence of two years and twenty days. He has done a vast amount of scenic photography for the Grand Trunk and Canadian Pacific Railroad Companies, and is now official photographer for the Great Northern Railroad for this territory. In 1910 Mr. Pickett located at Index, which place he had visited the previous year. He came here at the beginning of the end of the mining period and at that time there were no roads in this locality, the only highways being rude and often impassable pony trails, it requiring two days to bring in some pack ponies from Gold Bar. The first road was built to this place in 1912 and Mr. Pickett took a picture of the first automobile to make the trip into Index and up to Galena over the old "tote" road. It was a Flanders "20" machine and riding therein were Bailey Hilton, Peter Flanders, James Pennington, D. I. VanOlinda and Mr. Pickett. On June 22, 1910, at Snohomish, Mr. Pickett was united in marriage to Miss Midge L. Cleveland, who was born in North Dakota, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. M. R. Cleveland, the former a native of Nova Scotia and the latter of Scotland, of a prominent family of that country. They came to Snohomish about 1903. Mrs. Pickett died April 6, 1919. Fraternally, Mr. Pickett is a Mason and belongs to Nile Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. at Seattle, and to Anoindes Lodge No. 1204, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He has served several terms as a member of the town council and has earnestly cooperated with his fellow citizens in all efforts to advance the interests of the town and vicinity. S. C. LEWIS S. C. Lewis, who is now successfully engaged in bee culture and farming near Gold Bar, was born at Lyonsville, Pennsylvania, in 1876, and is a son of R. S. and Roslyn (Braiden) Lewis, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio. The mother was reared in Pennsylvania and she died from the effects of an oil explosion when S. C. Lewis was about six years of age. The father was a member of one of the pioneer families of Pennsylvania and is now living in Iowa, where he is engaged in stock raising, also owning and operating threshing machines. S. C. Lewis received his education in the public schools of his native state and was reared on a farm until 1893, when he went to Nebraska and spent two years as a farm hand. From there he went to Wyoming and Utah, working on ranches and in mines, and also ran a hoisting engine at the Silver King mine in Utah, having gained a knowledge of engineering through helping his father in the operation of threshing machines. He then went back to Omaha, Nebraska, where he had two brothers living, and during the following summer ran a threshing engine in Clay county, that state. He remained in Nebraska until 1901, putting in a crop in the spring of that year, and was also in Omaha a year or two, being employed as a collector for the EXpressmen's Delivery Company and in other work. His wife's family had come to Index, Snohomish county, and in 1901 Mr. Lewis arrived here and during the ensuing six or eight months worked in the Haybrook mill. During the following four years he was employed as engineer by the Bunker Hill Mining Company, running a donkey engine and also working in the woods. He remained in the logging camps until his children were old enough to attend school, when he bought a home in Gold Bar and moved to this place. About 1922 Mr. Lewis bought fifty acres of land near Gold Bar, on which he has since made his home. About ten acres of the land was partially cleared and he has since been engaged in clearing the remainder, having quit the logging business in December, 1925. He has built a new barn and he has a very comfortable and attractive country home. He is devoting his attention chiefly to bees, having forty-three stands, and is the largest bee keeper in this part of the county. It is his intention to still further increase the number and to devote himself entirely to this business, in which he has already achieved a splendid success. In 1898, in Clay county, Nebraska, Mr. Lewis was united in marriage to Miss Ella Ferree, a native of Illinois, and a daughter of George F. and Elizabeth Ferree, the latter dying when Mrs. Lewis was twelve years of age. Her father, who was a native of Illinois, followed the profession of school teaching and she was similarly employed when she met Mr. Lewis. To Mr. and Mrs. Lewis have been born two children : Kenneth C., who was born at Omaha, Nebraska, is now living at Skykomish, and Donald F. is at home. Mr. Lewis has always taken a deep interest in matters affecting the public welfare. He served two terms as a member of the school board at Grotto a number of years ago, and has also served on the election board and HISTORY OR SNOHOMISH COUNTY 781 in other local offices. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America at Monroe and of the Improved Order of Red Men at Index. By a life of indomitable industry along definite lines he has attained well merited success, while his fine public spirit has made him a valued citizen. ALMON D. LUCAS Almon I). Lucas is familiar with many phases of frontier life and in the school of experience he has learned many valuable lessons. He is one of Everett's pioneer real estate dealers and for a number of years his energies have been directed into this channel of activity. His work has been of direct benefit to the city and at the same time he has won the legitimate reward of honest, intelligently directed labor. Mr. Lucas was born September 18, 1857, in Hudson, Wisconsin, and lost his parents, Daniel and Harriet Lucas, before he was seven years of age. His father a clothing merchant, was a business man of known integrity and ability. Almon D. Lucas received a public school education and also attended a business college. He obtained a position as clerk in a grocery store at a salary of ten dollars per month but the owners of the business failed and he lost three months' pay. When he was seventeen years of age Mr. Lucas went to River Falls, Wisconsin, where he spent four years, clerking in various stores, and in 1878 made his way to Bismark, North Dakota. He carried with him a letter of recommendation to one of the large business firms of that city but found on his arrival that the position had already been filled. He secured work on a steamboat which was bound for Miles City and Fort Benton, Montana, and carried supplies for the post trader, bringing back buffalo hides. During 1878 he made three trips up the river and then returned to Wisconsin. He engaged in general merchandising at St. Croix Falls for a time and next went to North Dakota, becoming night clerk in the largest hotel at Fargo. In the fall of 1879 he moved to Lisbon, North Dakota, where he erected a building, and entered the drug business in partnership with his brother, E. C. Lucas. They were associated for twenty years and after selling his interest in the store Almon D. Lucas started for Washington, locating in Port Townsend in 1900. He afterward spent two and a half years in California and on the expiration of that period returned to North Dakota, becoming deputy state auditor. He filled that office for six years and he subsequently settled in Everett, Washington. He embarked in the real estate and insurance business as a member of the firm of Pearce & Lucas, which later became Lucas & King and is now operated under the style of Lucas & Petershagen. They have established an enviable reputation for enterprise and reliability and transact a large business. Mr. Lucas is regarded as an expert valuator and has done much to improve and beautify the city. On February 18, 1891, Mr. Lucas was united in marriage to Miss Etta C. Woodworth, a native of Northfield, Minnesota, and a daughter of William M. Woodworth. To Mr. and Mrs. Lucas have been born three children : Lysle Fulton, Florence and Harriet. Mr. Lucas is a Mason and closely adheres to the beneficent teachings of the order. He belongs to the Rotary Club and his political views are in accord with the platform and principles of the republican party. He has made his own way in the world and his record proves that the old-fashioned traits of honesty, diligence and perseverance still constitute the key to prosperity. CHRIS HANSEN Quiet and unassuming, Chris Hansen through the years has enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens of nortwestern Snohomish county, and because of his record as a representative farmer and his public-spirited interest in everything pertaining to the public welfare, he stands in the front frank of citizens of his community. Chris Hansen was born in Odensen, Denmark, on the 1st day of November, 1851, and is a son of Rasmus and Marie (Christensen) Hansen, who also were natives of that country, of which they were lifelong residents, the father following farming there. They were the parents of five children, namely : Hans ; Chris ; George, who died in Seattle, Washington ; Marie, who still lives in Denmark, and one who died in infancy. George Hansen, a brother, who was engaged in farming near Seattle, died in 1913 and is survived by his widow, who still lives on the farm there. They were the parents of three children, namely : Louis, who remains with his mother ; Harvey, who married and has two children ; and Emma, also at home. Chris Hansen received a good education in the public schools of Denmark and afterward 782 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY herded cattle for three years. He then went to work as a farm hand, which line he followed there until 1873, when he came to the United States, first settling near Hartford, Connecticut, where for about two years he was employed on a farm. In 1875 he went to Santa Cruz, California, where he worked on a dairy farm for a few months and then went to San Francisco, where he obtained employment in a steel rolling mill. A year later he returned to farm work, going to Alameda county, California, where he remained several years. At Oakland, that state, he obtained a situation as coachman and gardener, at which he was employed for several years and then went to Butte county, California, where he worked in the gold mines for three years, removing thence to Seattle, Washington, where he lived two years. He then returned to California, where he lived until 1888, when he came to Washington and has been a resident of this state continuously since. In 1890 Mr. Hansen bought fifty-five acres of land two miles east of Cedarhome and proceeded to establish his permanent home there. The land was covered 'with timber and stumps and the only highway to his land was more of a trail than a road. He built a neat little house and applied himself to the task of clearing and improving the tract, which in the course of time was developed into a good farm. He now has about half of the land cleared and has made many substantial improvements, so that he is now very comfortably situated. He keeps a few good cows and a flock of chickens, while his principal crops are hay and potatoes. Mr. Hansen is a member of Oakland (Cal.) Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his religious affiliation is with the Lutheran church, of which he was one of the organizers. He has been a strong supporter of good schools and improved roads and has at all times stood for the best things in community life. Because of his earnest and consistent Jife, his industrious habits and sound judgment, he has long commanded the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. FRANK FIELD A lifelong resident of Snohomish county, Frank Field is regarded as an authority on matters pertaining to its history and the fine ranch of which he is the owner has been in possession of the family for more than sixty years. Deprived of the educational advantages which he craved in his youth, he paid his own way through college in later years and the struggle against adverse conditions has developed the best and strongest in his nature, making him a man whom to know is to esteem and admire. Mr. Field was born in 1861 on the family homestead, which is situated near Snohomish, and his parents were P. J. and Alice Field, the latter of Indian descent. His father was born in Athol, Massachusetts, and left the east in 1849, when a youth of fifteen, running away from home. He obtained work on a whaler and made the journey around Cape Horn, landing at San Francisco, California, in the spring of 1851, about the time of the great fire. He followed the occupation of mining as well as other lines of activity and was employed by the first meat dealer in California. He went to Canada in 1858 at the time of the discovery of gold along the Frazier river and in the same year returned to California. In 1861 he came to Washington and secured the homestead in Snohomish county. This was one of the coldest winters ever experienced in the Pacific northwest and many cattle in the Willamette valley of Oregon were frozen to death. Mr. Field crossed the Snohomish river on the 1st of April and the ice at that time was three feet thick. At that time there were no settlers between the ranch and Mukilteo and across the river was a landing place for boats. The dense forests were impenetrable and all traveling was done by water. Mr. Field traded at the Ferguson store in Snohomish and also across the river at a little store whose owner was killed by Indians in the early days. About 1870 Mr. Field cut a trail to Snohomish in order that his son might reach the school house and this was probably one of the first trails in the county. The farm originally comprised about one hundred and eighty-five acres but much of the bottom land has been washed away by the river. Mr. Field was accompanied by his son on a prospecting trip to Silver creek but devoted much of his time to the logging industry and ran the logs down the river to Port Gamble. The land was covered with a dense growth of cedar and spruce trees and in 1872 P. J. Field and Charles Taylor started a camp down the river, operating in that locality for several years. Later Messrs. Field and Buchanan opened a camp near Morgan's mill and afterward transferred their logging activities to Fiddlers Bluff. Mr. Field next formed a partnership with Charles Taylor and established a camp in the vicinity of the bluff. About 1878 he returned to the farm and there resided until his demise in 1903. He cleared much of the place and engaged in general farming, raising cabbages, rutabagas and hay, He kept chickens and cattle and marketed a considerable quantity of butter. He HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 783 followed the most advanced methods of farming and was one of the leading agriculturists of the township. Imbued with the progressive spirit of the pioneer, he rendered valuable service to the county through the development and utilization of its natural resources and his high moral qualities won him the unqualified esteem of all with whom he was associated. In his later years he rented the ranch and laid aside the heavier burdens of life, spending much of the time in his garden. Frank Field received his early instruction in Snohomish, a distance of three miles from his home, and this was probably the first school in the county. It had formerly been used as a blacksmith shop and Mr. Field attended the second session of the school. He worked in the mountains and in the mines and when twenty-eight years of age had earned sufficient money for an education. In 1889 he went to Salem, Oregon, and for two years was a pupil in the preparatory department of Willamette University. He was a student at Horance Academy in 1895 and spent the scholastic year of 1897-98 at Pullman University. In 1898 he was one of forty-five students who volunteered for service in the Spanish-American war but they were not called upon for military duty. Mr. Field completed his education in the University of Washington, which he attended for about two years, and took a keen interest in athletics, playing on the football team, while he was also a member of the track team. During his youth he aided in clearing the ranch and acquired a comprehensive understanding of agricultural pursuits. He operated the farm successfully for a number of years but now rents the homestead. He thoroughly appreciates the comforts and conveniences of modern times, remembering the days when there was not even a trail in Snohomish county, which now ranks second in the United States in the matter of hard surfaced roads. A cultured gentleman, he has broadened his outlook upon life by study and travel and his record reflects credit upon the county and state of his birth. WILLIAM WHITFIELD William Whitfield, the subject of this sketch, was born at Bethnel Green, London, England, on September 1, 1846, his parents being Thomas and Susan (Middleton) Whitfield. He attended the public schools until he had attained the age of twelve years and then engaged with an uncle in the coasting trade in a small schooner. On June 22, 1864, he shipped in the bark "Knight Bruce" at Liverpool for a voyage to Victoria, Vancouver island, where the vessel arrived on December 24, six months and two days after leaving Liverpool. He remained on the vessel until January 9, 1865, when he deserted and crossed the straits of Fuca in a small rowboat and landed at Port Angeles. He sought employment at Dungeness, where he worked for J. B. Roberts and Alex Rawlins until April, 1865, when, after seeking work at Port Gamble and Port Ludlow he crossed the Sound to Mukilteo in a sloop called the Casswell. Mr. Whitfield was the bearer of a letter from James Phinney, of Port Ludlow, to the McLean and Jewett camp, located on the Tulalip reservation, where he worked in the woods for two years. Subsequently he was employed in one of the logging camps of the Puget Mill Company for many months. In the meantime his father, mother and the remainder of the family moved from England to New Zealand. After working in the woods until October, 1869, Mr. Whitfield went to New Zealand, via Melbourne, on a visit to his folks. In 1870 he returned to San Francisco by way of Honolulu. On the voyage he met his future wife, Miss Alvina Geue, who was on her way to Evansville, Indiana, in company with her parents. In June, 1872, Mr. Whitfield and Miss Geue were married and began their domestic life at Lowell, Washington, where the former was in charge of one of the logging camps of Eugene D. Smith for three years. On the expiration of that period he moved to Snohomish and for a short time engaged in farming. During the sixteen-year period between 1874 and 1890 he filled public office, serving as county commissioner for one term and as sheriff for two terms. In 1891 he formed a partnership with Samuel Vestal, an association that was maintained with mutual pleasure and profit for thirteen years, when the firm was dissolved, both Messrs. Whitfield and Vestal retiring from business. In 1892 Governor Elisha P. Ferry appointed Mr. Whitfield a member of the board of state tide lands, in which capacity he assisted in the survey and appraisement of the tide lands adjacent to Everett. During the years 1909 to 1912 inclusive, and again from 1917 to 1920 inclusive, he served as county assessor. The greatest misfortune that Mr. Whitfield ever experienced was the death of his wife, who died from an attack of influenza on the 19th of February, 1919, after a happy married life of forty-seven years. Five of their children are living, namely: William, who is a 784 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY resident of Bellingham ; Susie Nerdrum, living in Ballard ; Minnie Nickerman, a resident of Snohomish ; Guy Whitfield, who makes his home in Idaho ; and George Whitfield, of Snohomish. ISAAC MATTSON Isaac Mattson, a representative citizen and successful agriculturist of Snohomish county, now owns three hundred and twenty acres of land in the vicinity of Jordan, fifty acres of which are cleared and under cultivation. His birth occurred in Finland on the 18th of September, 1873, his parents being Matt and Hannah Mattson, also natives of that country. The father was a farmer by occupation. In the family were seven children, namely : Anna; John ; Isaac, of this review ; Steena ; Matt ; Hannah, who is deceased; and Carl. Isaac Mattson acquired his education in the public schools of his native land and was a youth of sixteen years when in the fall of 1889 he emigrated to the United States. He made his way direct to Seattle, Washington, and obtained employment in connection with the clearing of the right of way for the Great Northern Railroad Company, thus working for three months, while subsequently he spent a similar period in grading work. At the end of a year in the employ of this railroad he took a contract for clearing land at Kirkland, Washington, while subsequently he spent a few years in the service of the Marysville & Northern Railroad. Thereafter he was connected for a period of three years with the Stim- •son Lumber Company, for which he ran the second donkey engine operated in this state and also performed the duties of brakeman and fireman on a logging road. He was next employed by the Haley & Siscoe Logging Company for two years, afterward cut shingle bolts for a few months and subsequently took a contract to haul shingle bolts to Getchell, being thus engaged for nine years. At the end of that time he accepted a contract to cut shingle bolts on section 16 (six hundred and forty acres), his work in this connection extending over a period of three years. Mr. Mattson next purchased two donkey engines, took a contract for cutting logs and putting them in the river and until 1919 devoted his attention to his contracting and logging work. As above stated, he now owns three hundred and twenty acres of land near Jordan, and he keeps about twenty-four head of dairy (Ayrshire) cattle. About fifty acres of his property are cleared and under cultivation, the principal crops being hay and potatoes. He has membership in the Dairymen's Association and is widely recognized as one of the prosperous and enterprising farmers of his community. In 1906 Mr. Mattson was united in marriage to Lena Sivertson, a native of Michigan and a daughter of Peter and Oliva Sivertson, who are residents of Tacoma, Washington. Mrs. Lena (Sivertson) Mattson passed away on the 4th of February, 1919, leaving five children, as follows : Fred Edwin, born January 31, 1908 ; Ellen, whose birth occurred July 5, 1910 ; Emil, whose natal day was February 21, 1911 ; Carl, who was born July 1, 1912; and Annie, born July 3, 1916. HANS LARSON The death of Hans Larson, a sterling pioneer of Snohomish county, which occurred on August 3, 1925, was deeply regretted throughout the community for he was a man of rugged strength of character, industrious and progressive in his methods and stood for right principles both in business and private life. Mr. Larson was born in Norway in 1846 and was a son of Lars and Ragnild Larson, both of whom died in that country. He received his educational training in the public schools of his home neighborhood and remained with his parents until 1866, when he emigrated to the United States. He first located in Rushford, Minnesota, where he remained for awhile, and then went to Sioux Falls, South Dakota, where, in 1869, he took up a homestead, being a pioneer in that section of the state. He created a good farm and lived there until 1882, when he came to Stanwood, Washington, where he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, two miles northeast of Florence. The land was wild and unimproved and a vast amount of work was necessary to prepare it for cultivation. Mr. Larson built a large log house and in the course of time cleared all the bottom land and part of the hill land. The river has since washed away at least fifteen acres of the best land. Mr. Larson devoted himself closely to the operation of his farm and there spent the remainder of his life. Idleness was foreign to his nature and through his determined and persistent efforts he achieved a splendid success. HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 785 On June 22, 1873, Mr. Larson was united in marriage to Miss Johanna Bergerson, who was born in Racine county, Wisconsin, the daughter of Berger and Marran Trangsrud, both of whom were natives of Norway. Her parents came to the United States in July, 1851, settling in Racine county, Wisconsin, where the father died in 1854. Later the mother moved to Dane county, Wisconsin ; then to Iowa in 1863, and in 1869 to South Dakota, locating near Sioux Falls, where she passed away in 1878. They were the parents of eleven children, four of whom are living, Halvor, Ole, Soren and Johanna. To Mr. and Mrs. Larson were born eleven children, of whom the seven living are as follows : Andrew, who remains unmarried; Louis, who is married ; Mrs. Minnie Troll, a widow, who has three children, Edith, Howard and William ; Mrs. Bertha Polman, who has a (laughter, Goldie ; Samuel ; Henry ; Mrs. Irene Church, who is the mother of two children, Harry Henry and Lawrence 'William. The four children deceased are Mrs. Mary Edna Hill, who died October 17, 1924 ; Louis, who died when six years old ; Anders, who died at the age of nine months ; and Martha, who died at the age of one year. Mrs. Larson carries on the work of the farm, keeping eight cows, and conducting the affairs of the ranch with sound discretion and business ability. She is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. She is a lady of estimable qualities of character, of tactful manner and kindly nature, and is held in the highest esteem throughout the community. PATRICK A. BOYCE Patrick A. Boyce, one of the substantial farmers of Snohomish county, has had a wide and varied experience in various parts of the country and has done his full share the development of this locality. Born about thirty miles southeast of Quebec, Canada, in 1854, he is a son of Owen and Bridget (I,oghry) Boyce, the former a native of Ireland, and the latter of Ireland or Scotland. He is of Irish, English and Scottish descent and has exemplified in his own makeup the sterling qualities of these nations. His parents came to Canada in childhood in the early '30s, and met and were married there, both dying in the parish of St. Elzore, where the father had followed farming. There was no school in the locality where Patrick A. Boyce was reared, therefore he was deprived of that advantage but he has made up for it in later life by much reading and close observation of men and events, so that he is well informed on a wide range of subjects. He remained at home until about seventeen years of age, when he went to Maine and spent a year in the woods. Then, after a short stay at home, he went to Bethlehem, New Hampshire, where he spent two years in the woods. He next worked on the Mount Washington railroad, being employed about a year as a section hand, and afterwards for eight years in the machine shop at the base of the mountain. The railroad was in operation only during the summer months, so he spent his winters at Bethlehem, where he was employed as a millwright. Eventually he became master mechanic on the Mount Washington railroad, retaining that position two years, and then for two years he had charge of the mechanical equipment of an extensive private establishment in Florida. In 1885 he went to Mount Vernon, Washington, where he spent the winter, and then removed to Snohomish, where he was employed by Blackman Brothers two years. About 1887 he and his brother, Peter E. Boyce, bought five hundred acres of marsh land, two hundred and fifty acres being the present home of Mr. Boyce. He followed mining for twenty years, having worked in the woods until 1897, when he went to Dawson, Alaska, where he established himself in busines as a machinist. In 1901 he returned to the States and bought mining machinery, which he took to Alaska and cleaned up a good claim, which he later sold. From 1904 until the World war he was mining for gold in British Columbia, and during his work there learned of a molybrite claim, which he investigated and developed. He had demonstrated its value and had closed a deal through which he was to get one hundred thousand dollars for it. At that time, however, the United States entered the war and Canada shut off the export of molybrite, and the deal, which was with New York parties, fell through. Mr. Boyce did no mining during the war and thus lost his claim to the property, not understanding that it was necessary for him to maintain its active operation. In 1922 he returned to his place in Snohomish county, to which he has since devoted his attention. At one time he had a bad fire in the marsh land, which he fought for thirty-five days, and the gas and poisoned air so affected him that he was confined to a hospital for some time. He now has about one hundred acres of his land cleared, the remainder being good pasture, but rents the place. In former years Mr. Boyce served as a member of the French Creek school board. He was formerly a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Snohomish, and is now an active member of the Ancient 786 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY Free and Accepted Masons there, belonging to blue lodge, chapter and commandery. He is a man of splendid personal qualities, genial and friendly, and throughout this community he is held in the highest measure of regard. Mr. Boyce's brother, Peter E. Boyce, who died on August 4, 1922, was twice married, first to Miss Maggie Reilly, to which union were born two children, a daughter who died at the age of three years, and Augene. His second union was with Mrs. M. Killegan. JAMES CAVANAUGH James Cavanaugh, a highly respected citizen of his community, owns an excellent farm comprising one hundred and fifty-six acres nine miles northeast of Arlington but has leased the property and is now largely living retired in the enjoyment of the fruits of his former toil. His birth occurred in Quebec, Canada, on the 7th of January, 1858, his parents being Arthur and Julia (Keegan) Cavanaugh, lifelong residents of that country. The father, who was a stevedore and who also engaged in agricultural pursuits, was killed in the Riel rebellion. James Cavanaugh was reared in Canada and had attained his majority when in 1879 he crossed the border into the United States, settling at Saint Marys, Pennsylvania, where he followed logging for four years. On the expiration of that period, in 1883, he crossed the continent to the Pacific northwest and located on the north fork of the Stillaguamish river in Washington. In 1891 he took up his abode on a squatter's claim comprising one hundred and sixty acres of unsurveyed land near Fortson, Snohomish county, began the work of clearing the place, planted an orchard and resided thereon for fourteen years, or until 1905. During the succeeding three years lie made his home at Trafton, and it was in 1908 that he purchased his present place of one hundred and fifty-six acres lying nine miles northeast of Arlington. There was a cedar shack on the property and sixteen acres of the land had been cleared and improved. Mr. Cavanaugh now has a tract of sixty acres cleared and under cultivation and annually raises large crops of hay and grain and corn for the silo. He keeps thirty-eight head of good grade Guernsey cows and a pure-bred Guernsey bull. He erected a fine new home as well as a large barn in 1908 and four years later built a silo. As above stated, however, he is not actively engaged in farming at this time, having leased his property in order that he may spend the evening of life in well earned ease. He is a member of the Dairymen's Association at Arlington, the Cooperative Creamery at Arlington and the U. & I. Trading Company, which conducts a farmers' cooperative store at Arlington. In 1888, in Seattle, Washington, Mr. Cavanaugh was married to Mary Chivan, a native of Massachusetts and a daughter of Louis and Mary Chivan, who made their way to California in the early days and there resided for several years. They came to Puget Sound in 1886 and lived in Washington for many years but eventually returned to Massachusetts, in which state Louis Chivan passed away about 1915, while his wife departed this life in 1918. To James and Mary (Chivan) Cavanaugh have been born three sons and two daughters, as follows : Minnie, who lives in Idaho ; Elmer, who is married and has a son, Arthur ; Alfred, who is married and makes his home in Arlington, Washington; Arthur, deceased ; and Josephine Augusta, who is attending the Academy of the Holy Name in Seattle, Washington. Arthur Cavanaugh, who served in the United States navy for four years, re-enlisted therein when 'this country became involved in the World war and went down with his ship, the Cyclops, which was torpedoed in 1917. HIRAM MONTY Hiram Monty, the oldest settler on the north fork of the Stillaguamish river who has lived continuously on his ranch, is the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of river bottom land lying eight miles northeast of Arlington. He acquired this property as a homestead claim more than four decades ago and at this time is successfully operating the place with the assistance of his sons. His birth occurred in Clinton county, New York, on the 8th of November, 1852, his parents being Louis and Harriet (Wood) r Monty, the former a native of the Empire state, while the latter was born in Canada. Louis Monty, whose natal year was 1815 and who was therefore too old for service in the Civil war, the age limit being forty-five years, represented himself as being a few years younger in order that he might HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 787 be accepted for military service and remained in the army until the close of hostilities between the north and the south. He removed to Michigan in 1871 and in that state spent the remainder of his life, passing away in 1911. His wife was ninety-six years of age when she departed this life in 1917. Their family numbered ten children, seven of whom survive. A great-grandfather of Hiram Monty of this review left his native France for the United States with General Lafayette and fought with the French troops in the Revolutionary war. He held the rank of captain. In the acquirement of an education Hiram Monty attended the public schools of his native state. When a youth of about eighteen years he made his way to Michigan, in which state he worked in a brick yard and in sawmills. It was in 1884 that he journeyed westward to Washington. He resided in Tacoma for a period of sixteen months and in the fall of 1885 came to Stanwood, Snohomish county. Here he hired two Siwash Indians to take himself and family up the north fork of the Stillaguamish river by canoe. He secured a claim comprising a quarter section of heavily timbered land lying eight miles northeast of Arlington, and lived in a tent with his wife and three children for a few months pending the completion of a small split cedar house which lie built. Mr. Monty carried all necessary supplies from Stanwood via canoe, for there was no road—not even a trail--to his place. He began clearing his land, a large part of which is now under cultivation and is devoted to the raising of hay and grain and corn for the silos. He keeps thirty-five good grade Jersey cows, about eight pure-bred cows, seven pure-bred young heifers and a pure-bred registered bull. Mr. Monty erected an attractive new residence on his farm in 1902, built a barn in 1905 and about 1915 built the silos. He has a fine variety of nut trees and many other trees that he imported from Michigan and planted on his farm, including sugar maple, basswood, butternut, walnut, etc., all of which are in thriving condition and considerably enhance the beauty of his place. The farm is operated by Hiram Monty and his sons and all share equally in the division of the profits accruing therefrom. On the 25th of November, 1871, at St. Joseph, Michigan, Mr. Monty was united in marriage to Annie Danielson, a native of Sweden, who came to the United States as a child. Her parents, Daniel and Christine Danielson, are deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Monty were born ten children, four of whom are living. George B. Monty, who was born in Michigan and whose ranch property is situated near that of his father, is married and has three children, Geraldine, Ralph and Deloris. Glen Louis Monty, also a native of Michigan, is still at home with his parents. Guy, who was born on the old homestead farm near Arlington and now assists in its cultivation, is married and has two children, Bertram and Melvin. Hiram E. Monty, also born on the old home place, is still under the parental roof. Hiram Monty of this review is a member of the Dairymen's Association and of the Cooperative Creamery Association. He has served as road supervisor of his district and has done everything in his power to promote the good roads movement as well as the educational advancement of the community which has so long been his home. He assisted in the construction of the first schoolhouse at Trafton in 1888, aided in the organization of what is known as the Cicero school about 1892 and served on the school board for a number of years. Snohomish county has long numbered him among its prosperous and representative agriculturists as well as highly esteemed and progressive citizens. OLE ERIKSON To Ole Erikson belongs the distinction of being one of the few surviving pioneers on the south fork of the Stillaguamish river, who came here at a time when it was necessary to literally hew their way through the dense wilderness which then covered this section of Snohomish county. He has been a witness of and a particip.ant in the wonderful development which has characterized this locality. Mr. Erikson was born in Norway on the 29th of October, 1865, and is a son of Erik and Anne (Olsen) Erikson, who spent their entire lives in that country, where the father followed the vocations of farming and fishing. They were the parents of six children: Helmar, Ole, Elise, Ole, Elise and Anne, all of whom are deceased excepting Helmar and Ole. The latter received his education in the public schools of his native country and worked on the home farm and followed fishing until 1886, when he came to the United States. He first located at Windom, Minnesota, where for two years he engaged in railroading and farm work. He then came to Snohomish county, stopping first at Stanwood, but a few days later he went up the south fork of the Stillaguamish river to about where Jordan now is, and there he entered one hundred and sixty acres of land. The country hereabouts was at that 788 HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY time practically untouched by the white man's axe and he had to find his way by means of a compass, blazing a trail to his land. He at once built a small house of split cedar and began clearing his land. He has lived on this place continuously since and has brought it to a high state of improvement. During his early years here he worked a good deal in logging camps in order to earn money for current expenses until his own place should begin to produce. In 1891 the high river washed away his house and he then built another on the bench above high water mark. He gives a large part of his attention to dairy farming, keeping eight good grade cows, and he raises splendid crops of hay and potatoes. He has devoted himself closely to the operation of his farm and the success which has crowned his efforts has been well deserved. On October 14, 1902, Mr. Erikson was married to Miss Gusta Jensen, also a native of Norway and a daughter of Jens and Karen Olsen, both of whom died in their native land of Norway. Her father was a farmer by occupation. To him and his wife were born six children: Julius ; Olise ; Ivar, deceased ; Ole, deceased ; Josephine ; and Gusta. To Mr. and Mrs. Erikson have been born five children, as follows : Mrs. Ebba Funk lives near Granite Falls, and is the mother of three children, Lillian, Harold and Mary ; Alf and Eilif are at home ; Olivia is a resident of Everett ; and Ethel is in school. All of the children were born on the homestead. Mr. Erikson is a member of the Snohomish County Dairymen's Association. He has taken an active part in local public affairs, having served in early days as road supervisor and for twenty-five years as director of the Jordan school. He is a man of broad views, sound judgment and unquestioned integrity, and during the years of his residence here he has enjoyed to the fullest measure the confidence and good will of his neighbors and fellow citizens. GEORGE W. McKENZIE George W. McKenzie is the proprietor of the Bungalow Inn and is a self-made.man who owes his success to hard work and the wise utilization of his opportunities. He is a native of Perth, Scotland, and a son of George and Jessie McKenzie. His father followed the sea for a livelihood and the mother passed away in 1899. Mr. McKenzie was educated in Scotland and about 1907 went to Canada. He learned the electrical business in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and afterward crossed the border into the United States, locating in Seattle the year before the exposition. He was engaged in electrical work for some time and then turned his attention to the motion picture industry, becoming an exhibitor and operator. He was also a waiter in many well known restaurants and in 1919 came to Silver Lake, securing a position in the Willard Inn, which was opened by E. S. Willard in that year. Mr. McKenzie remained in his employ for five years and in 1924 purchased the business, which he is now conducting under the name of the Bungalow Inn. The hotel will accommodate sixty-five guests and is open throughout the year. It is filled during the summer season and has become a favorite resort with weekend parties. A three-piece orchestra plays in the ballroom in the summer and during the winter a pianist furnishes the music for dancing. Mr. McKenzie specializes in table d'hote dinners and much of the business is done by appointment. He maintains a high standard of service and draws his patronage chiefly from Seattle. He is a popular host and in the conduct of the inn brings to bear broad experience, mature judgment, keen business sagacity and executive force. He caters to a very desirable class of trade and is highly esteemed by all with whom he has been associated. On February 20, 1912, Mr. McKenzie was united in marriage to Miss Martha King, a native of King's Valley and a member of one of the oldest families in Oregon. Her parents S. and Laurella J. (Ramsdell) King, were also born in King's Valley, where the father still resides, but the mother passed away in 1908. Mrs. McKenzie's grandfather and great-grandfather journeyed to Oregon in 1842 and were numbered among its earliest settlers. Their original homestead is now occupied by the town of Corvallis and King's Valley was named in honor of the family, whose history is inseparably associated with that of the state. WYATT JASPER RUCKER Wyatt Jasper Rucker, who may well be named as the father of Everett, was born in Noble county, Ohio, in December, 1857. In the spring of 1888, having heard of the great opportunities for investment on the shores of Puget Sound, he cut loose from his Ohio business connections and cast his lot with the pioneers of Snohomish county. Mr. Rucker was accom- HISTORY OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY 789 panied by his mother and his brother Bethel and temporarily lived in Tacoma while on the lookout for a permanent location. About this time the railroads were beginning to look favorably on the Puget Sound country. Rich syndicates were moving from place to place on the shores of the inland sea, looking for the proper place for railroad terminals. Mr. Rucker was astute enough to know that this influx of millionaires to the Sound had something to do with great future developments. He looked over Whatcom and Fairhaven (now Bellingham), Anacortes and came thence to Mukilteo, where he met Alexander Spithill. Learning what he could from the local people and being favorably impressed with the situation of Port Gardner, he concluded to do a little exploration work himself. He secured a rowboat, and while he was ostensibly trolling for salmon, he was really ascertaining the depth of the water in front of what is now the busy water front of Everett. He then made his first investment in Snohomish county by purchasing from Edmond Smith his holdings, which included cows, oxen, chickens, household furniture, etc., for the sum of thirty-five hundred dollars. Since that time the names of W. J. Rucker and his brother have appeared in thousands of real estate transactions. They have been engaged in logging, farming, milling, banking and are holders of considerable urban property and timber land. Two years ago Mr. Rucker purchased from the Northern Pacific Railroad Company the railroad from Hartford to Monte Cristo. He is now operating the road, which serves the towns of Granite Falls, Robe, Silverton and on to Monte Cristo. During the summer months this is a very busy road, carrying large numbers of tourists to the "Big Four" inn, a beautiful resort five miles above Silverton, built and operated in the summer season by the Rucker Brothers. During the past forty years W. J. Rucker has led a very busy life. Hard work appears to agree with him. His labors, moreover, have been of marked value to the community in promoting growth, stability and real progress, and as a distinguished and honored citizen he is deserving of a prominent place in the history of Snohomish county. INDEX Aalbu, K. K 8 Baker, P. V 31 Aalbu, 0. K 702 Baker, S. M 272 Agnew, E. R 320 Baker, W. G 88 Ahlgren, Olaf 231 Ballinger, D. T 128 Alcorn, J. F 35 Barker, B. A 413 Allen, H. J 253 Barlow, C. L 354 Allen, 0. R 178 Barnes, G. L 24 Allison, H. T 554 Bast, J. H 262 Allison, Minard 355 Bauguess, W. H 678 Almvig, 0. B., Jr 92 Bedell, Lydia T 439 Altman, Peter 566 Beecroft, J. T 194 Alverson, R. D 133 Bell Auto Freight Co 585 Ambler, P. T 281 Bell, J. E 664 Amundson, A. E 113 Bell, R. C 152 Amundson, C. R 21 Bell, W P 229 Andersen, Hans 760 Bengtson, Andrew 617 Anderson, A. L 644 Bennett, W. E 246 Anderson, A. M 177 Bennie, D. G 270 Anderson, Erick 687 Bennington, Melvin 284 Anderson, F. I 480 Bentley, C. H 338 Anderson, F. S 70 Berg, J. A 487 Anderson, G. W 272 Berg, 0 J 292 Anderson, H. C 631 Berg, 0 T 319 Anderson, J. B 412 Bergeson, E. B 51 Anderson, Joe P 13 Bergeson, Soren 750 Anderson, John P 607 Best, J. B 195 Anderson, Lars 594 Birckenmeier, Matthew 720 Anderson, Michael 429 Birkestol, I. J 387 Anderson, N. H 753 Birkestol, Ole 391 Anderson, 0. D 233 Birney, J. F 560 Anderson, Oliver 719 Bishop, E. L 417 Anderson, P. L 771 Black, A. R 291 Anderson, R. H 726 Black, W. C 87 Anderson, Swan 447 Blackman, A. M 93 Andrus, L. E 328 Blackman, Hyrcanus 58 Arentzen, P. M 732 Blake, Thomas 489 Arlington Cooperative Association 378 Bloom, 0 T 170 Armantrout, C. E 450 Bodell, William 489 Arndt, A. R 653 Boeshar, L. J 96 Ashe, Frank, Jr 462 Boettner, Otto 724 Ashe, James 462 Bolenbaugh, J. W 486 Atwood, T. J 297 Bonser, G. W 301 Aya, L. C 72 Booth, W. R 277 Borreson, H. C. 699 Babcock, F. E 99 Bortner, H. W 724 Backstrom, E. R. 22 Botten, Iver 518 Backstrom, Hugo.... 485 Bovee, R. B 627 Bailey, E. A 351 Bowden, T. H 158 Bailey, J. C 722 Boyce, P. A 785 Bailey, W. F 295 Boyd, S. C... 340 Baird, F. C 66 Brackett, George 682 Bakeman, C. H 600 Brady, Alexander 427 791 792 INDEX Brand, Albert 497 Comegys, H. C... 70 Breed, C. B 452 Concrete Products Co 721 Brekhus, John 651 Conners, W. J 773 Brennan, J. P 44 Conoboy, M. T 98 Bridgeford, L. W 317 Conover, M. G 675 Brink, A 109 Cook, Caleb 637 Brodeck, A. A 307 Cook, G. F 145 Brokaw, C. W 14 Cook, W. W... 295 Brooks, S. J 108 Cooke, Sarah 151 Brower, H. G 442 Cooley, H. D 152 Brown, A. C 408 Cooley, P. P. 603 Brown, L. C 284 Cooper, F. L 161 Brue, T. A 366 Corbeil, Joseph 649 Bruseth, Nels 763 Cornell, C. W 43 Brush, F. 0 571 Cornett, A. W 238 Buck, G. M 286 Cox, W. C 146 Buell, S. G 64 Craigue, N. J 382 Bunten, W. H., Jr 697 Crawford, H. A 687 Bunten, W. M 693 Croft, W. H 219 Burke, E. J 290 Crow, J. W 358 Burke, V. A 245 Culmback, Chris 121 Burnett, C. D 7 Currie, Daniel 162 Burtt, A. R 202 Curtis, J. H 25 Cuthbertson, W. L 79 Caldbick, S. L 681 Campbell, J. A 665 Dacke, A. P 751 Campbell, J. L 704 Dahl, Otto 404 Campbell, Ray 639 Dahlgren, V. A 501 Carlson, Andrew 411 Dailey, E. C 751 Carlson, Fred 425 Dale, Ole 414 Carlson, F. G 330 Danhof, Gus 588 Carlson, John 475 Danielson, John 519 Carlson, J. A 351 Darling, D. G 256 Carlson, J. A 201 Davidsen, P. E 67 Carlson, J. B 318 Davis, Blaine 404 Carlson, Nels 642 Davis, Edward 676 Carlson, P. A 7 Davis, J. H 208 Carlson, P. E 567 Davis, Marion E 186 Carpenter, Nathan 317 Deason, John 374 Case, D. B 349 Deering, E. L. 543 Casey, T. A 247 De Geus, Mathis 75 Cavanaugh, James 786 Dehnhoff, William 207 Cavelero, Dominick 670 Delano, R. V 370 Cavelero, John 625 Denney, J. C 562 Cedergreen, C. T 345 Deselle, R. D 745 Cedergreen, N. W 243 Deu Pree, G. L 190 Cedergreen, W. 0 523 Dexter, A. W 595 Challacombe, N. B 138 Dierdorff, C. 0 598 Chandler, C. E 101 Dobbs, T. E 281 Chappell, B. E 759 Dobias, Joseph 656 Chappell, Frank 241 Dockendorf, Charles 78 Chisholm, James 141 Dolsen, W. 0 341 Christensen, A. T 768 Donnell, W. H 339 Christensen, C 132 Dootson, J. W 151 Christiansen, Louis 474 Doph, W. E 591 Clark, A. N 280 Douglas, L. E 285 Douglas, R. E 261 Clark J. J 48 Doull, Joseph 725 Clark, W. A 598 Drooping, Theodor 466 Cleaver, W. H 141 Duckering, W. W 267 Cleveland, C. A 197 Dunbar, W. H 610 Clough, H. J 257 Dunstan, Thomas 342 Cochran, G. M 77 Durrant, J. A 150 Cole, C. A 325 Duryee, A. P 102 INDEX 793 Duryee, D. A 390 French, F. R 292 Duryee, Schuyler 689 Friberg, 0 E 118 Dwyer, E. J 45 Friese, Herman 237 Frolich, H. J 81 Eagan, Nick 210 Frostad, K. P 685 Eagle, A. F 81 Fry, L. C 677 Edfast, Nils 173 Fuchs, F. C 475 Edwards, 0 J 84 Funk, A. A 701 Eggert, Ernest 645 Furland, Sam 692 Eggert, M. W 302 Furlong, J. L 608 Eide, Erik 747 Furness, John 778 Eldridge, H. L 257 Eliason, 0. A... 616 Gamble, W. S 110 Elwell, C. F 119 Gardner, J. A 619 Elwell, C. H 549 Garner, E. E 439 Embree, J. W 87 Garrison, J. E 268 Engebretsen, Martin 769 Gauss, R. P 764 Enger, H. T 718 Geddes, G. E... 499 Enselman, George 416 Gedstad, A. 0 612 Erickson, Helmer 625 George, P. S 558 Erickson, John 399 Gerber, F. A 199 Erickson, T. H... 572 Geue, J. F 731 Erikson, Ole 787 Giard, F. H 658 Evans, E. H 592 Gibbon, H. A 544 EVeland, G. D... 270 Gibbs, H. V 225 Everett Fruit Products Co 305 Gilchrist, John 169 Everett Marine Ways, Inc 6 Gillett, J. H 178 Everett Public Library 140 Gish, T. H 80 Everett Pulp & Paper Co 524 Glassberg, Maurice 21 Glidden, W. E 186 Fairbanks, W. C... 668 Glover, D E 229 Farrington, Z. W 679 Goldstien, L. S 442 Faulds, C. A 283 Goodridge, Llewellyn 754 Fell, V. W 158 Grader, C. W 345 Ferguson, Clark 174 Gray, J. A.. 454 Ferguson, F. E 25 Griffin, W. B... 775 Ferrell, A. M 333 Griffore, Louis 560 Fickel, C. H.. 137 Gullstad, J. A 737 Field, Frank 782 Gunderson, A. H 652 Fields, J. D 256 Gunderson, C. J 379 Fife, Angus 772 Gunderson, G. L 498 Finke, A. F 221 Gunderson, Peter 496 Finley, O. J 626 Gunderson, W. A 715 First National Bank of Everett 163 Gunn, H. D 431 Fischer, A. S 120 Gustin, C. E 356 Fisher, Collingwood 392 Fjarlie, Steiner 453 Hackman, N. S 149 Floe, Andrew 394 Hadwin, William 289 Floe, S. S 37 Haines, V. R 71 Flyg, W. T 57 Hall, A. E 96 Folden, Andrew 521 Hall, A. R 571 Ford, A. C 193 Hall, J. E 338 Ford, Esther F.. 557 Hall, J. W 141 Ford, W. H. L 69 Hall, L. J 279 Forde, M. H 13 Hall, R. B 541 Fortun, 0. J 212 Haller, Adolf 716 Foss, J. B 477 Halvorsen, Louis 344 Fowler, G. W 65 Hambridge, R. R 221 Fowler, W. H... 376 Hammond, L. W 573 Foye, A. R 194 Hancock, R. H 509 Foye, J. M 249 Hansen, August 145 Francois, E. A 77 Hansen, Chris 781 Franke, F. A 131 Hansen, Emil 456 Freese, 0. C 101 Hansen, E. P... 646 794 INDEX Hansen, John 175 Hansen, J. B 441 Hansen, K. T 605 Hansen, N. C 448 Hansen, N. P 147 Hansen, Peter 440 Hanson, Ascel 354 Hanson, Chester 584 Hanson, L. G. 655 Hanson, Thomas 694 Harcus, W. D. 316 Harnett, J. M 533 Hartley, R. H 550 Harvey, J. B 172 Harvey, J. J 366 Harvey, N. G... 271 Haselton, V. W 749 Haskins, C. W 514 Hatfield, F. H 47 Haugen, John 132 Hawkins, J. R . 97 Hawley, G. 0 357 Houghtling, E. H 587 Hovig, A. 0 757 Hovik, L. A 534 Howard, A. S 298 Howard, B. F 388 Howard, H. P 280 Howell, Zophar, III 505 Hubbard, H. G 181 Hudson, C. A 214 Hulbert, W. M 384 Hume, F. D 318 Hunsaker, Lloyd 468 Hunt, R. L 301 Hunt, R. W 753 Hunter, Mazie 8 Hurd, G. R 378 Husby, E. C 483 Husby, H. P 449 Husby, Knute 437 Husby, T. J 414 Husted, E. W 184 Headlee, T. E 304 Illman, H. W 583 Headrick, James 448 Illman, W. R 569 Healy, C. A 236 Independent Truck Co 769 Healy, J. K 700 Ingram, J. M 424 Heath, E. L 764 Ingram, W. H 424 Heggem, Signe 717 Inions, Thomas... 561 Heifort, Brothers 361 Irving, Joseph 28 Helseth, J. G 618 Iverson, Edward 579 Hempler, Justus 47 Henning, Peter 97 Jacklin, John 134 Hereth, F. J 212 Jackson, J. W 559 Hester, C. D 106 Jacobson, Erick 512 Hevly, E. A 426 Jamison, N. C 676 Heyner, Paul 609 Jellison, R. W 277 Hickey, M. R 171 Jenner, F. J 663 Hillis, C. D 688 Jenny, Fred 727 Hilton, Jeffery, Sr 356 Jentoft, C. M 14 Hilton, John 92 Jepsen, Jens 531 Hinds, Dora 761 Jerread, G. H 339 Hinkle, W. D 328 Jerread, J. F 217 Hinkley, Edward 105 Johnson, A. E 45 Hitchcock, L. R 373 Johnson, Alfred 430 Hobbs, Frank 55 Johnson, C. V 761 Hodge, H. H46 Johnson, Elof 592 Hodge, P. H 46 Johnson, Erick 726 Hodge, W. G465 Johnson, Gust • 606 Hodgins, R. D 568 Johnson, Iver 346 Hoidal, Marius .•• 418 Johnson, J. E 187 Hokanson, E. H... 91 Johnson, J. G 621 Hokenstad, M. T 741 Johnson, N. K 196 Holcomb, E. A 776 Johnson, 0. E . 714 Holcomb, S. J 51 Johnson, 0. W 294 Hollaender, J. W 595 Johnson, Sivert 522 Hollingsworth, Calvin 669 Johnson, Swan 406 Holmes, H. W 187 Johnson, William 591 Holmquist„kugust703 341 Johnson, W.0 Holmstad, E. E 632 Jones, Francis 113 Holmstad, Oluf 523 Jones, L. N 250 Hooton, A. W 105 Jordan, A. H. B 5 Hopkins, T. H278 374 Jorgensen, George Hopper, J. I 362 Juleen, J. A 79 Hosmer, Dan 33 Jules, Charles 708 INDEX 795 Kager, A. M 368 Lloyd, I. L 332 Kane, Lawrence 315 Locke, D. W 211 Kanekkeberg, John 633 Logen, T. K 742 Keenan, James 743 L oken, L. W 243 Kelleher, C. J 325 Lorenzen, Lorenz 546 Kelly, F. H 736 Lorenzen, Lorenz 529 Kelly, James 760 Loth, Albert 507 Kennard, Alfred 452 Lucas, A. D 781 Kesling, 0. G 235 Lucas, W. H 459 Kick, A. E 33 Ludvigson, A. S 685 Killien, F. R 225 Lum, H. K 154 King, G. A 698 Lund, J. B 732 Kingsley, E. E 52 Lundberg, John 500 Kinney, A. H 85 Lundberg, Ole 380 Klein, E. W 99 Lunnum, H. P 532 Klungl and, Mical 419 Kneipp, F. A 137 McAlister, Alex 567 Knight, A. C 650 McCann, Fred 55 Knott, C. J 401 McCaulley, C. C 639 Knowles, W. T 255 McChesney, J. T 10 Knutson, K. T 400 McCleave, James 430 Knutson, W. S 403 McCormick, Frank 490 Koeninger, Anton 353 McCready, I. S 255 Kornitzer, Anton 170 McCready, Margaret M 248 Kraetz, Joseph 661 McCready, N. S 244 Krieger, Viggo 538 McCulloch, James 72 Kristwick, Elias 588 McCulloch, William 537 Kuhnle, W. H 293 McDonald, Dan 223 McDonald, J. R 274 Land, E. L 707 McFarland, James 420 Langsjoen, H. N 657 McGhee, S. L 773 Langsjoen, John 479 McGhie, S. P 142 Langsjoen, Nels 427 McGovern, Hugh 666 Lansdown, H 607 McGuire, Henry 157 Larson, Andrew.... 108 McKay, J. R 133 Larson, Charles 748 McKean, Edmund 739 Larson, Hans 784 McKee, A. E 266 Larson, John 767 McKenzie, G. W 788 Larson, L. H 713 McLean, C. S. L 460 Larson, Ole 395 MacDougall, E. C 265 Latta, George 407 Machmeier, Jacob 149 Leach, E. C 450 Machmeier, Martin 484 Learner, Albert 127 Machmeier, Phillip 149 Le Cocq, G. M 123 MacKinzie. George 214 Lee, J. B 658 Major, G. W 634 Le Gros, Alexander 27 Mann, J. E 177 Lehmann Brothers . 146 Manning, R. W 302 Leland, C. H 316 Mansfield, W. E 198 Le Maitre, Pierre 566 Marion, H 557 Lempens, J. M 506 Marks, T. E 269 Lenfest, Elmer 604 Marsh, C. L 34 Leque, M. N 740 Marsolais, A. T 231 Leque, N. M 364 Martin, F. B 774 Levison, K. L 471 Martin, William 520 Levison, T. G 766 Martin, W. F 367 Lewis, S. C 780 Martinson, John 499 Lidren, A. F 100 Mathews, L. W 261 Lien, 0 J 112 Matterand, 0 H 369 Lien, Trygve 605 Mattson, Isaac 784 Lincoln, E. H 267 Melendy, W. S 444 Lindquist, N. M 707 Mero Art Shop 226 Linn, J. T 570 Merrick, L. A 111 Livingston, G. W 64 Metz, A. R 532 796 INDEX Metzger, H. L 305 Meyers, James 293 Mihel itch, John 437 Miller, Fay 735 Miller, Fred 476 Miller, F. R. 111 Miller, J. H 596 Miller, R. B 334 Miller, William 195 Millison, Samuel 173 Mitchell, B. W 217 Mitchell,G. M 54 Mitchell, J. H 121 Mitchell, M. S 640 Mitchell, R. M 694 Mleziva, John 423 Moehring, C. F 56 Moll, A. H 282 Monro, S. J 570 Montgomery, C. W 579 Monty, Hiram.. 786 Mony, E. C 462 Moore, T. L 593 Moran, Ole 491 Morgan, Claude 98 Morgan, J. M 205 Morgan, L. W 120 Morgan, W. E 120 Morley, Lewis 419 Morrice, William 455 Morris, I. Q 622 Morris, J. 0 124 Morrison, Isaac 511 Morrison, J. L 517 Mortland, J. R 657 Mortland, W. L 656 Moskeland, 0. 0 597 Mounce, Eben 326 Muller, William 723 Mummey, Joshua 375 Mundell, Alexander 205 Munn, C. E 16 Murphy, A. B 370 Murphy, R. A 752 Murray, F. J 547 Muth, G. J 412 Myers, J. A 123 Myers, W. E 95 Naas, Obert 513 Naslund, Andrew 730 National Pole Co 15 Neil, A. G 320 Nelson, Adolph 714 Nelson, A. M 80 Nelson, Nels 94 Nesje, N. K 443 Ness, John 390 Ness, Peter.. 464 Neste, Knute 680 New England Manufacturing Co 405 Newman, N. B 495 Newton & Newton 237 Nietfield, F. H 587 Noble, Lewis 738 Nord, Andrew 680 Norgaard, C. H 619 Norway, J. A 100 Nugent, A. E 53 Nysether, Martin 416 O'Brien, Floyd 629 Of tebro, Henry 435 Ohlde, H. W 213 Oleson, A. B 259 Olinger, A. M 447 Oliver, W. F 396 Olsen, Christopher 454 Olson, Charles 719 Olson, Erick 627 Olson, E. C 159 Olson, Harry 394 Olson, Simon 746 Olwell, P. H 153 O'Meara, G. R 83 Orr, Luther 460 Osborn, I. D 547 Osterholtz, F. J 266 Ovenell, G. T 188 Owen, Nels 620 Paar, Michael 593 Paddock, W. R 260 Page, W. S 603 Paine, S. E 327 Parker, T. B 667 Parsons, H. E 61 Patty, J. F 772 Payne, Albert 581 Payne, A. J 520 Payne, W. J 165 Pearl, James 52 Pearsall, H. E 184 Pearson, D. 0 27 Pelky, N. J 436 Pelton, J. N 556 Peters, H. E 290 Petersen, H. H 296 Peterson, A. A 549 Peterson, Carl ..4 32 Peterson, C. A 331 Peterson, C. F 762 Peterson, J. P 315 Peterson, Nick 464 Pfueller, R. C 572 Phelan, J. J 176 Phelps, F. E 536 Pickering, Elzy 129 Pickett, Lee 779 Pierson, J. R 704 Poier, C. L 331 Pollock, A. J 183 Pollock, H. W 118 Porter, J. R 18 Powers, J. A Preston, G. W 546 INDEX 797 Price, G. W 232 Priebe, S. J 309 Puget Sound Telephone Co 161 Pugh, J. M 283 Pullen, R. W 415 Purdy, E. E 62 Putnam, G. W 610 Quast, C. H 294 Quigley, R. A 114 Ramwell, Harry 756 Rasmussen, John 722 Rasmussen, W. M 41 Ready, Richard 95 Reid, G. A 105 Reinertsen, R. 0 758 Reinke, J. C 308 Reinseth, 0. 0 541 Reinseth, Sivert 461 Reinstedt, Mathilda 718 Repp, J. H 209 Requa, W. J 584 Rhoads, H. T 148 Richards, J. C 456 Ritchie, E. C 453 Ritter, A. J 34 Robb, J. R 723 Roberts, Frank 220 Roberts, Gray 586 Robinson, H. H 26 Robinson, H. L 725 Robinson, J. D 269 Rockmark, Fred 303 Roesiger, R. 0 303 Rogers, C. W 502 Rogers, J. T 609 Rogers, Leonidust 611 Rojahn, R. C 689 Roose, N. H 633 Roscoe, C. T 139 Rose, J. W 210 Rosquist, A. W 93 Ross, H. C 533 Rosselli, Antoine 274 Rossman, J. B 509 Rucker, W. J 788 Rumbaugh, M. J 235 Ruthruff, H. C 674 Rydjord, Olaf 492 Rygg, 1. A 544 Sandberg, Charles 670 Sander, T. J. F 681 Sandwick, A. K 686 Satra, C. A 537 Satra, Peter 530 Satra, Theodore 668 Sattelmeier, E. H 279 Saunders, C. F. A 314 Sawyer, W. F 24 Schaefer, C. H 250 Scharf, George 605 Schluter, J. P 23 Schoch, F. C 105 Schofield, Fred 166 Schofield, F. H 309 Schott, Fred 138 Schroder, J. C 467 Schultz, E. H 253 Schwarzmiller, 0. E 162 Scotney, C. F 165 Scott, A. A 765 Scott, C. F 185 Scott, W. J 451 Secoy, H. R 643 Segale, Carlo 597 Servis, Lester 337 Sexton, C. W 107 Sexton, D. F 574 Shadbolt, E. A 68 Shakespeare, Noah 130 Shaw, R. W 380 Sheehan, J. J 435 Sheller, William 232 Shelton, William 428 Sheraton, F. C 535 Shoultes, Seymour, Jr 616 Sill, Marion 393 Sill, Michael 389 Sill, W. M 501 Sinn, Henry 690 Sipprell, J. E 313 Sjostrom, P 291 Skaggs, T. E 63 Skinner, C. T 254 Skipley, J. L 199 Skucy, Adam 66 Slater, A. J 357 Smith, B. T 62 Smith, D. E 402 Smith, E. D 181 Smith, I. M., Sr 117 Smith, Josie K 673 Smith, J. H 150 Smith, L. M 728 Smith, Sarah Q 555 Sneattlum, George 615 Snohomish County Fruit Growers Ass'n 332 Snyder, G. L 526 Snyder, W. M 234 Sorensen, 0. C 779 Sorgenfrei, Hans 326 Spoerhase, C. H 699 Spriestersbach, C. P 67 Springer, W. E 61 Spurrell, Henry 319 Stakkeland, Andrew 473 Stallbaum, Charles 44 Stangland, P. T 351 Startup, G. G 306 Stearns, W. C 57 Stecher, Henry 208 Steffen, A. H 399 Steffen, Herman 392 798 INDEX Steger, M. C 424 Turner, F. A 548 Stephens, E. M 134 Tveit, J. H 641 Stephens, H. J 628 Tweedie, G. H 43 Stevens, Stener 473 Stevenson, M. L 720 Ulrich, W. F 770 Stewart, T. C 507 Unzelman, L. H 94 Stich, J. H 505 Urstad, 0 H 190 Stief vater, W. M 26 Stiger, T. A 420 Vail, C. W 329 Stinson, Ullmer 510 Valde, Lars 466 Stobb, August 768 Vanasdlen, J. A 362 Stocker, George 641 Van Valey, A. L 42 Stoneburner, Amos 322 Varey, W. B 110 Stretch, Claude 246 Verd, F. G 381 310 Verd, W.H Stretch, R.J259 Strickland, G. A 197 Vestal, Samuel 122 Strotz, Andrew 643 Vetter, G. M 329 Strotz, A. J 478 Vetter, K. 0 330 Stuart, G. P 545 Vierhus, A. M 438 Stuchell, H. W 160 Vogel, Robert 296 Sullivan, J. J 22 Vog-nild, Knute 407 Sumner, F. W 733 Vredeveldt, John 218 Sumner, T. B 777 Suttles, A. J 375 Swalwell, W. F 82 Swanson, A. W 209 Swanson, C. E 248 Talbot, D. A 377 Taro, W. A 36 Taylor, C. E 485 Tester, W. N 729 Thayer, L. E. L 5 Theurer, J. A 38 Thomle, I. S 488 Thomle, 0. A 148 Thompson, Alexander 17 Thompson, Carl 691 Thompson, G. D 762 Thompson, H. C 383 Thompson, J. F 68 Thompson, 0. E... 314 Thompson, Ole 364 Thompson, Thomas 542 Thomsen, Carsten 508 Thorsen, Halvor 402 Thorsen, Martin 406 Thueson, Andrew 479 Thurmond, H. L 638 Tichbourn, W. J 289 Tidball, J. R 218 Tierney, W. H 654 Tolsma, B. R 17 Torgerson, 0. A 157 Tozer, G. A 776 Tracy, C. H 606 Traf ton, C. E 608 Trapp, Ludwig 486 Trask, L. S 645 Tucker, Frank 350 Tucker, W. N 352 Tuohy, C. E. M 86 Turner, C. A 86 Wadhams, E. 0 268 Wagner Lumber Co 358 Wagner, W. F 604 Wahl, E. L 472 Wahl, Sivert 759 Walen, P. J 206 Walling, W. B 757 Walsh, W. W 189 Walters, H. A 285 Walther, R. B 767 Walton, Clyde 224 Walton, E. Q 153 Warner, E. C 582 Warren, C. J 85 Warren, Myron. 599 Washington Stove Works 117 Watson, J. A 652 Watson, J. B 483 Watson, Thomas 42 Way, S. W 649 Webb, 0. T 752 Weber, E. E 32 Webster, G. C 343 Weerda, Gerhard 737 Weiser, H. J 662 Welever, Charles 233 Wells, W. .A 131 Wentworth, G. W 130 Westberg, V. M 568 West Coast Dairy 334 Westin, John 750 Westover, William 561 Weyerhaeuser Timber Co 222 Whalen, Jerry 630 Wheeler, Henry 529 White, C. R 76 White, E. T 37 White, J. H 35 White, J. S 343 INDEX 799 Whitfield, William 783 Wood, Nora F 436 Wiklof, Peter 512 Woolworth, J. A 701 Wilbur, Lot 88 Workman, Frank 219 Willhite, A. L 365 Worlund, Emanuel 573 Williams & McDonald 327 Wright, P. A 321 Williams, J. D 273 Wright, W. D 107 Williams, Owen 382 Williams, 0. E 586 Yngve, Charles 83 Williams, Thomas 258 Yost, J. E 440 Williams, W. J 139 Yost, J. S 629 Willson, H. J 78 Young, Alexander 728 Wilson, Arthur 112 Young, F. R 381 Young, W. H 438 Winter, W. N 18 Witney, C. J 432 Zahler, J. 0 236 Witscher, C. F 355 Ziebell, A. G 352 Wognild, Edward 463 Zorn, G. J 200 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON LIBRARIES All overdue materials are subject to fines. Due date may be changed if needed by others. DATE DUE IL JUL 2 7 2:31 JAN 0 20t74 8 r , ill: d tebkijij ;AI 4: Lt'i 'AUG 2 6 zooti BID SEP 2'j 2uu4 -11 (22 AN OUGI. RECENED SEP 20 9004 ' 014 ti,1,-,4004.11 4b, 'tee .RECEIVEC, MAR 2 *z., 20S 'JUN 2 9 2005 Lib. 65 Rev. 01/02 1-84-2500 IIIii 111111111111 I 11 3 9352 02023352 4 F897.S66 W55 1926 v.2 Suzzallo/Allen Stacks 0 Bridgeport National SWIALLO MAIN COLLECTION Bindery, Inc. FEB. 2003