State of Illinois Henry Horner , Governor Department of Registration and Education John J. Hallihan, Director GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION M. M. Leighton, Chief Urbana, Illinois No. 20 INFORMATION CIRCULAR April 9, 1937 AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE DISTRIBUTION IN 1936 : Preliminary Report By W. H. Voskuil and W. A. Newton Preliminary returns from producers of agricultural lime- stone in Illinois and adjoining states show that Illinois farmers applied approximately 1,022,91© tons to the soil in 193&. This preliminary total represents 95 P© r cent increase over the 1935 total. The figures given in Table 1 show the steady increase in consumption of limestone by the farmers in this State since the lovs year of 1932. The total figured for 1936 is above that of all pre- vious records, and it is probable that consumption will be even greater in 1937* Table 1* - Agricultural Limestone Consumed in Illinois, 1930-1936 Year Tons 1930 811,000 1931 266, gg6 1932 132,995 1933 190,963 1934 346, 1*H 1935 523,256 1936 1,022,916 In cooperation with Mid-West Agricultural Limestone Institute. Page 2 Federal aid given to the farmers for the purchase of lime- stone during 1936 has helped increase this total tonnage to such a high figure. Experiments throughout the State by the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station have proved that the application of limestone to Illinois soils is one of the soundest investments a farmer can make. The quality and quantity of crops which succeed the spreading of limestone on a given area of land not only pays for the limestone itself over one or more years, but also provides addi- tional returns, the amount depending upon the need of the particular soil and the method of limestone application. Many farmers no doubt applied limestone on their crop lands for the first time last year as a result of the Federal aid. New markets for agricultural lime- stone producers should thus be created. The sale of agricultural limestone has become more than a by-oroduct business for many of the producers, and for many plants it represents a definite and major sales outlet for their product. This was realized by many during the depression years when the agricultural limestone market, although decreasing, continued at a fairly stable level as compared to outlets in the building and asso- ciated markets which were severely depressed. Table 1 shows clearly the revival of this market. Agricultural limestone offers a recurring business. The expansion of the present market will depend upon informing the far- mer of the profitableness of applying limestone to the soil. There are certain large areas in this State where the consumption is yet far below the needs of the soil, due to the annual removal of car- bonates by erosion, leaching, and by the crops themselves. Detailed statistics were received from Illinois producers and from producers in Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Iowa, and Wis- consin who ship agricultural limestone into Illinois. Information was also received from certain farm advisers in Illinois, supplying data for the many small local producers in these counties whose pro- duction figures were not available. A preliminary report on the total tonnage of agricultural limestone marketed in each county in Illinois during 1935 and 193& is given in Table 2. The approximate number of pounds of lime- stone used per acre of arable land in each county during the past three years are given in Table 3. The counties in this table are grouped into areas as defined in the index map at the end of the report . Page Table 2. - Tonnage of Agricultural Limestone Used in Illinois during 1935 and 1936 Tons marketed in each county in Illinois 1935 '' 1936 County Total Produced in Illinois Produced in ; other states Total Adams 5,194 6,255 pg2 Sll 7,666. Alexander 55 '20 . 302. Bond 6,2^0 7,661 239 7,900 Boone (a) 6,000 6,600 Brown (a) 432 1 000 1,000 Bureau (a) 3,000 12^192 12,192 , Calhoun 1,593' 1,593. ' Carroll (a) 12g 19 000 19,000 Cass ... 936 2, 071 , ' loo 2,171 Champaign 3,531 16,919 16,919 .; Christian 3,911 10,971 10,971 Clark 15,3 L >1 469 12,327 10 , 471 22,7.96 Clay 2,162 ;55 2,217 Clinton^ 16,532 27,625 27,625- Coles 5 10 6 , 2g6 ; 606 6,9g2 Cook 14,100 6,6S9 : -4i 6,730 Crawford 1,370 6,212' 1,992 p;,2o4 Cumberland 3,772 7,949 ic,So4 12,753 . DeKalb (a) 4"55 5,000 s,ooo. DeWitt ; 1,6% 2,532 , - 60 2,592 Douglas 2,720 6,554 1,295 7,249 DuPage 3,^23 1,736 1,736 Edgar 3,250 562 2 , 145 2,707 Edwards 1,306 10,221 355 10 , 576 Effingham 9,923 13,634 7,29? 21,527- Fayette; 7 90^ 9,433 474 9,907 Ford ' ; 2;297 3,364 ip,553 4,024 io,553 . Franklin 4,024 ;, Fulton ' 1,235 5,112 g2g 5,946 Call at in (a) 9 950 50 10,000' . Greene 2,73? 904 1V397 14,297 Grundy 2,132 2 ,i32 2,045 Hamilton 1,259 2,045 Hancock' 952 5,562 1,312 6,274 Hardin , 542 54g Henderson 115 4,300 4,^oo Henry 2,575 i4,igi 1,201 15,^22 ■ 23,459 Iroquois 4,213 13,2m 9,649 Jackson 6,001 6,m$ 6,gg5 Jasper 2,451 7,122 . 7,122 Page 4 Tons marketed in each county in Illinois — continued : 1935 1936 County- : ', Total Produced in Illinois Produced in other states Total. Jefferson 3,15? 7,884 7,884 Jersey 5,884 6,789 6,789 Jo Daviess (a) 8,000 9,500 500 10,000 Johnson 1,680 2,711 2,711 Kane io,487 3,609 14,807 3,609 14,807 Kankakee 3,272 Kendall 1,214 5,957 5,957 Knox 3,345 3,702 2,^67 6,169 Lake 9,412 762 762 LaSalle 1,304 12,7^-5 12,745 Lawrence 2,2^5 148 2,163 1,616 3,779 Lee (a) 20,700 ' 52 20,752' Livingston io,gsg 32,616 32,616 Logan 2,721 13,211 13,211 4,058 McDonough 342 2,498 1,560 McHenry 2,104 , 3,703 103 3,806 McLean' 20,125 V>595 14,346 Macon 2,580 14,013 .333 Macoupin 16,012 12,991 12,991 Madison 17,396 28,077 28,077, Marion' 7,533 7,706 7, 706 Marshall 2,886 5,809 ' 46 5,355 10,240 Mason ' 2,264 io,246 Massac 53 9^4 9T4 5,745 ■ Menard- 5,ooi 5,7^5 Mercer' 3,856 2,442 15 2,457 Monro e ' 9,592 11,831 11,831 Montgomery 5,365 2,904 11,216 11,216 Morgan' 2,720 2,720 Moultrie 392 2,868 452 3,320, 4,ooo : Ogle (a) 4,000 4,ooo Peoria- 5,222 15,248 ' • 322 15,570 9,561 6,538 Perry 10,200 9,56l 6, 442 Piatt 2,890 1 96 Pike (a) 20,000 20,000 233 20,213 7, .741. 820 Pope 116 7,7^1 Pulaski 64 820 Putnam- Randolph 210 15,^02 2,735 24,148 • 39 2,735 . 24,187 5,478 6,954 Richland .1,809 3,204 ; 2,274 Rock Island 6,615 6,954 St, Clair Saline Sangamon 27,076 1,003 5,764 55,323 5,319 9,230 55,323 5,319 9,230 Page 5 Tons marketed in e ach county in Illinois — continued ' : 1935 I.936. County •• . :• . ' Total : ' Produced ir Produced in Total Illinois other states Schuyler 513. 2,600 33 2,643 Scott 226 2,200 '2,200- Shelby 3,|+3l 13,110 2,457 15,567 Stark. 1 , 4o4 1,924 1,^53 3,377 Stephenson (a) ■■ 19S lg,000 ig;ooo Tazewell 3,3S6 10,143 10,143 Union Vermilion 3,562 2,412 3,596 7,^-76 692 3,S9 ; 6 : S/17V Wabash 1,527 419 656 3,95^ 4,6i4 Warren 7,366 ■61 7,427' Washington 21,090 10,530 405 io,935 Wayne 690 2,21g 5^9 2,807 White • • 1,43$ 1,192 6,969 8,161.. Whiteside 2,lg4 5,^75 4 ,819 2,491 32 5,507 Will 58, 2 SO 4,519 2,491 Williamson 1,95? Winnebago (a) l4 30,000 30,000 . Woodford 4,692 19,263 19,263 Trucked ( County unknown ) 7,7S2 4,507 4,507. Total 523,256 9^5,652 77,264 1, 022,916 la) Estimated Table 3. - Con sum ption of Limes tone on Cror> Land, by Cou nties * ( In Pou nds per Acre ) County Farm land in croDS (1929) 1934 Pounds of limestone per acre 1935 1936 1926-^1930 average Cook DuPage Ford 164,472 102,525 251,129 Group 1 32 ■ 11 29 172 75 19 "&2 ? g4 11 Page 6 ; Table 3--continued Farm land Pound s of limestone per acre County in crops (1929) 1934 1935 1936 1926-1930 average' G-rundy 197/112 20 9 22 31 Iroquois 557,226 20 15 24 34 Kan.e 211,3^5 302,664 12 99 3^ 35 Kankakee 3 22 ' 92 8 Kendall 154,130 -11 16 ■ 11 Lake 105,6^2 '546,642 172 19 Livingston 17 40- 119 47 - McHenry 222,210 "' 11 &* 22 25 ' Will 34S, 255 _iLL_ 26 _25_ I Average for data available 20.2 G-roup 2 23 t 2 52.0 33-3-, Boone 119,416 364,203 12 a/' 100 . 90,'-- Bureau Q 16 67 . far: Carroll 160,227 a/ a/ : 236 62 ' DeKalb 306,290 ■ 7 3. 52- .:■ :• ■, .-55 Henry 352,261 50 50' 27 ' 25 Jo Daviess 156,735 a/ 102, 122 42 La Salle 512,450 324,247 i 5 49 35 Lee 1 122 74 Mercer 202,377 30 32 24' ' ST- Ogle 312,720 a/ 26 26 42 . Rock Island 133,975 5 99 104 112 Stephenson 216,596 2 2 166 52 101 Whiteside . 295,356 15 15 37 Winnebago 129,201 5 a/ •317 120 Average for data available 14. 5 32,5 102.6 75.4 G-roup 3 Adams 277,310 55 37 55 "59 Brown 20,291 23 ll.--'. zk 102 Cass '..-146,012 2 • 13 • ' 30 91 Champaign 514,120 20 13 64 49 Christian 3.1.9,031 19 25 69 46 ^f* 145,009 ' 160 212 397- 172 Coles 209,790 14 9 67 43 Cumberland 102,915 53 69 344 50 » eWitt lgg-27« 12 V^.-; < n f Q Douglas 205', 592 21 26 ■ ■ 76 49 Sd S ar 269; 6^9 26 29/ :■■■. 20 29 55 37 55 23 '11 . 24 2 • 13'' 3 ? 20 13 64 19 25 69 160 ' 212 397 14 9 67 52 ...69. 344 12 : 12 ' : 91 11 26 : 76 29/ ■■■■ 20 Table 3 — continued Page 7 Farm land Pounds of limestone Per acre County in croos (1929) .1934 1935 : .1936 1926-1930 av erage Fulton 300,163 "20 12 ■40 27 Hancock 223,251 *§ 7 49 11 Henderson 191,106 N a/ 1 45 Knox 27^129 35 31 45 46 . Logan 304,439 11 13 37 36 Macon 272,50g 25 17 10' 5 33 Marshall l60,60S 12 36 73 55 Mason 222,930 29 20 ■39 26 McDonough 230,3§5 23 3 P 50 McLean 527', 462 103 69 162 75 Menard 141,309 9 71 31 5? Morgan 221,953 29 26 ?5 64 - Moultrie 163,225 6 5 41 25 ■ Peoria 216,423 52 43 im 75 Piatt 217,725 ^ 27 55 35 Pike 2 ! 51,943 a/ 159 161 125 Putnam 59,772 2 , 7 92 72 Sangamon 362,736 22 31 ■ .43 45 Scott 91,619 6 3 116 Schuyler 132,134 . 3 7 .33 11- Shelby 291,314 10 23 107 Stark • ' 127,3^3 21 ' 22 53 $1 ' Tazewell 227,997 412,415 27 24 70 66. ., Vermilion 12 12 40 45 Warren 224,729 2 4 : 66 29 Woodford \ 232,169 46 59 ■ 162 95 Average for data available 27.9 Group 4 32.0 '. 36.5 60.0 Calhoun 71,970 SJ a/ 44 52 Greene 131,253 122 91 164 151 Jersey 114,569 9 5 113 119 192 Macoupin 272,761 116. ■ 132 95 92 ' ■■ Madison t 267,696 115 149 . 210. 206 Monro e 123,509 257' 134 419 Ran do 1 oh 196,673 245,327 163 1.5.7 . 246 250 St. Clair 52 220 i+55_ 226 Average for data available 131.2 141,7 129,6 209.9 Pace 2 Tab le 3 — continued Farm land Pound s of ,-lime stone oer acre' County- , ■ in cro'os .X 19.2.9) . I.934 1935 1936 1926-1930 average- G-roup 5 Alexander 49,556 a/ 2 ! 12 232 Bond 126,912 20 99 , 124 212 Clay 1.63,655 1 '6 • 27 70 Clinton lgS,070 54 176 . 294 232 145 Crawford llg,315 13 23 ■ 139 Edwards §M33 33 31 .251 S3 . Effingham 1.6*1-, 131 237,164- 51 121 • '3S4 146 Fayette 9 34 ' .. S4 71 • Franklin 109,527 4-7 61 - "204 H Gallatin 92,154 3 a/ Hamilton 15^223 1.5 24 27 31 ' Hardin 3p, 3^5 SO a/ -■« 36 15 • '■ Jackson 164,622. 66 73 . S4 130 Jasoer 170,030 7 39 '■ S4 36 Jefferson 16^,303 , 16 32 100 6S Johnson 73,623. 4o 46 74 36 Lawrence m,792 27 4o : •6S 57r Marion 127, 5S2 2 7 Si ". . S2 S2 ■ Massac 63,905 a/ 1 '•'■ ■ 29 6S Montgomery 255,255 11 42 SS 103 Perry 132,06s 155 145 123 ; . Pope 69,^69 36 a/ , 117 23 -■■. •' Pulaski 59,^76 - 3 2 27 67 ■ " Richland 122,237 6 2S 25 61 Saline 115,91.2 107 IS 92 43 ■ Union 105,293 R 9 6S 6S 121 Wabash 91,773 32 33 101 71 Washington 214,24-2 110 197 102 196 Wayne 236,695 4 6 ■ '24 20 White 122,452 22 16 ' . S9 J_ Williamson 111,266 54 55 ; 45 Average for data available 35.9 53.^ ■ 101.9 91.2' a/ Data incorapl ete >" Shipments of agricultural limestone into Illinois from neighboring states increased during 1936 as did those shipments of stone produced in Illinois and marketed in other states. "Tables 4 and 5 give these tabulations from 1931 to 1936. Page 9 (in tons) Tons Consumed Pe: ? Cent from Outside of Total Producers Con: 3unrotion 31,160.55 11.6 15,211. 11.5 12,345. 6.7 56,095. 16.2 54,g03 77,264. 10,5 7-5 Table 4. - Agri cultural Li mestone Prod uced in Othe r S t a tes a nd Hark e t e d in 11 1 in ois, 1951-1936 Year 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 Table 5* - Agricultural Limestone Pro d uced in Illinois and M arketed in Other States, 1931-1936 (In tons) Year Wise. la. Mo, Ky. Ind. Mich. Temn. Total 9,570 ^,764 3,311 mo 5,299 421 °',C93 1,546 10,102 4,135 20,976 4,^90 1931 650 — V 500 1932 — — 263 — 1933 1934 — 62 so 4l 35 65 2,232 — 1935 'of 1 130 32 1936 56 4o 587 4 129 1,450 16,971 6g 3 5,107 730 6,633 232 13,259 1,095 15,562 44, ^92 6,020 Index mrvp of Illinois showing location of districts according to which consumption of limestone is given WASCHER'S" 1BRARY BINDERS 507 S. Goodwin Urbana, UL