a I b R_A FLY OF THE U N I VLRS ITY or ILLINOIS )(285.4 3co89m loo? aurv >ii^iiajip ir i'i Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign https://archive.org/details/supplementtomanuOOscou A MANUAL OF THF R 1 -< Tr ■< IL HIM OF NORTH AMERICA. 1761 - 1887 . (SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED.) BY JAMES BROWN SCOULLER. PITTSBURGH: UNITED PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION, 53 & 55 Ninth Street, 1887. PRESS OF INQUIRER PRINTING COMPANY, LANCASTER, PA. / PREFACE. (extract from the originae preface.) E very Christian should be in sympathy with his church, and so imbued with its spirit that he can feel at home in its work and its worship. Then, and only then, can he en¬ joy that restful feeling which springs from confidence and love. But to obtain this he must know its history and its mission, its faith and its spirit, its work and its workers, and become so identified with it in all its parts as to enjoy the pleasures of its memories and of its hopes. The United Presbyterian Church of North America did not head at a single fountain. Several springs united their tiny rills at different times to form its stream. It is the result of several unions, and its antecedents are therefore more numer¬ ous and fragmentary than that of most churches. This has thrown a veil of obscurity over much of its past history, for while one of its constituent parts was alien to the others, they would take but little interest in each other’s history and "^ministry. The time as well as the occasion for such ignor¬ ance is now happily past. Twenty-three years of peaceful 'f'Union and healthful growth has so unified and consolidated '^the church that her sons and daughters should feel a kindly »]^family interest in all her ancestral branches. “Children’s children are the crown of old men; and the glory of children \ are their fathers. ’ ’ 3 The following work is an attempt to gather up into a single ^volume, of reasonable size and cost, various things which should interest those who feel a kindly interest in the United V Presbyterian Church. It embraces a condensed history of all ^ the ecclesiastical bodies which have been included in her or- (iii) IV PREFACE. ganization; a brief biographical notice of every ordained minister ever connected with her or any of these antecedent churches; and a sketch of the beneficent agencies through which she operates; and of her colleges, theological seminaries and periodicals. xg Newville^ Pa ., July^ i88i. The work has been carefully revised throughout, and a number of errors corrected and omissions supplied; an his¬ torical register of all the congregations has also been added, and the whole brought down to the present date. Newville.^ Pa ., June^ 188'/. J. B. S. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE United Presbyterian Church. -- The Reformed Presbyterian Church. T he United Presbyterian Church is the principal American representative of the dissenting churches of Scotland. The oldest of these was the Covenanting, or, as subsequently styled by themselves, the Reformed Presbyterian. Its exist¬ ence may be said to date from the Second Reformation in Scotland, 1638-1646, because it has always adhered tena¬ ciously to the attainments made in the National Church at that time. But in its definite and more independent form it may be regarded as a result of the badly-managed battle of Bothwell Bridge, which took place on Sabbath, the 22d of June, 1679. remnant which escaped from that disgrace¬ ful rout, and other sympathizers, banded themselves together, under the guidance of Richard Cameron and Donald Cargill, and utterly refused to have any religious communion with any minister who had taken the “black indulgence.” And, being outlawed, they held secret meetings for counsel and for worship, amidst the hills, and with arms in their hands, and were popularly known as “Hill Men,” and “Mountain Men.” On the 22d of June, 1680, the first anniversary of the Bothwell Bridge disaster, they affixed a declaration to the market cross of Sanquhar, in which they formally disowned Charles Stuart as their lawful sovereign, for his perjury, his (5) 6 HISTORY OF breach of the Covenant, and his tyranny; and also denied the right of Janies, the Duke of York, to the succession. This was burning the bridge behind them, and henceforth they neither asked nor received quarters. A month after this Cameron was surprised and slain at Airdsmoss, and Cargill was finally hunted down and executed on the 27th of July, 1681. This left the Covenanters without a minister, and they or¬ ganized a system of societies. Those in the same neighbor¬ hood met as best they could, and as often as they could, for prayer and mutual edification. A plan of correspondence was established, according to which commissioners from all these societies met secretly about every three months, in a general meeting, which determined the policy and action of the whole body, and solved questions of conscience, but never undertook the administration of discipline or any official work. The first of these general meetings* convened at Logan House, in the Shire of Clydesdale, on the 15th of Dec., 1681. This method of unity or system of government was kept up until a Presbytery was organized. It was also adopted in Ireland, and practiced in America up till 1774. The Covenanters would hear no minister preach, nor re¬ ceive ordination from any one who had taken the “indul¬ gence.” This compelled them to do without the sealing ordinances, or procure a minister from abroad. Mr. James Renwick, a young man of good education, and one of their number, was sent, in the autumn of 1682, to the Netherlands, where Mr. Cameron had received his ordination. After spending the winter in the University of Groningen, he was ordained to the gospel ministry on the loth of May, 1683, the Presbytery or Classis of Groningen. While he was pur¬ suing his studies abroad the General Meeting gave a regular call to Alexander Peden, Michael Bruce and Samuel Arnot, Scotch ministers, now refugees in Ireland, to come and min¬ ister to them. But the persecution of this ‘ ‘ contending and suffering remnant ’ ’ was growing hotter and hotter, and these ministers declined. Mr. Renwick returned in Sept., 1683, * The minutes of these meetings were kept by Michael Shields, brother of the author of the Hind let Loose'' and may be found in Faithful Con- tendings Displayed^ published by John Howie, in 1780, in Glasgow. REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 7 and ministered most faithfully amidst very many dangers and difficulties. So hostile was the government, and so numer¬ ous and vigilant were its spies, that his first sermon in the fields was on the 23d of Nov., at Darmede. He was re¬ peatedly outlawed by proclamation, and every subject was forbidden ‘ ‘ to harbor him and his followers, or supply them with meat and drink, but to hunt and pursue them out of all their dens, caves and most retired deserts, and to raise the hue and cry after them. ’ ’ And such proclamations were always vigorously and inhumanly executed, although they kept the 4th of March, 1685, as “a day of thanksgiving unto the Lord for the wonderful proofs of His love and good will, manifested to a scattered and distressed remnant in this land, by His de¬ livering of them in several places from the power and rage of enemies, when they were ready to swallow them up.” The death of Charles II. gave them a short breathing spell, which they improved by holding a meeting on the 28th of May, 1685, at Blackgannock, when they drafted a protesta¬ tion against proclaiming James, Duke of York, as king of Scotland. As soon as this meeting had adjourned, two hun¬ dred and twenty men drew up in arms, and went to Sanquhar, and after singing a Psalm Mr. Renwick made a prayer, and they published this protestation and nailed a copy to the market cross. Mr. Renwick was taken and executed on the iith of Feb., 1688, and this was the last life sacrificed to the cause of re¬ ligious freedom in Scotland. Alexander Shields, who had been licensed by some Scottish ministers in London, joined the Covenanters in Dec., 1686. William Boyd, educated at their expense in the Netherlands, was licensed in Sept, 1687, by the Classis of Groningen. Thomas Lining was also sus¬ tained by them for four years at universities in Holland, and was ordained in Aug., 1688, by the Classis of Embden, after an examination of twenty-one days. Providence now brought them relief by changing their circumstances and surround¬ ings. James was banished and William of Orange was brought to the throne. Persecution ceased, and the Mountain Men were permitted to worship God publicly, according to the teachings of their own conscience. 8 HISTORY OF The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland met again after many years of intermission in 1690, and re-estab¬ lished Presbyterianism. Messrs. Tining, Shields and Boyd, with a majority of their followers, united with the Kirk, but there was a minority which refused to do so because of Wil¬ liam’s assumption of royal supremacy over the church. These ‘ ‘ Old Dissenters ’ ’ were again without a minister, and so remained for sixteen years, but free from persecutions of any kind. In 1706 the Rev. John McMillan, of the Estab¬ lished Church, joined them and became their minister. In 1743 he was joined by the Rev. Thomas Nairne, from the Se¬ cession Church, and they, in connection with some ruling elders, constituted themselves, on the ist of Aug., 1743, into a presbytery, which they styled the ‘ ‘ Reformed Presbytery. ’ ’ One of their first acts was to license Alexander Marshall, a student of theology under Mr. McMillan, and he was soon afterward ordained to the ministry, “having received a call from the United Societies.” May 16, 1744, they licensed, and Oct. 6 following ordained John Cuthbertson, another of Mr. McMillan’s students. During the twenty-seven years of persecution in Scotland a good many families of Covenanter sympathies fled for peace and safety to the north of Ireland, where they settled in little clusters, and were served occasionally by refugee ministers. Previous to this, about 1662, David Houstoun made his home in Ireland, and welcomed and ministered to these also until his death, which occurred in 1696. As early as 1720, and possibly earlier, some of these families left Ireland and made their homes in America; and from time to time others fol¬ lowed, and in this way the Convenanting Church was planted in this country. A few mingled with this migration who came directly from the west of Scotland, but generally they were from Ireland, although of Scottish parentage. These immigrants located principally on the Walkill, in Orange Co., N. Y., and in the present counties of Eancaster, Dauphin, York, Adams, Cumberland, Franklin and Fulton, in Pennsylvania, with scattering families elsewhere, and especially in the interior of South Carolina. They brought with them their system of praying societies and a general REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 9 correspondence, and soon confederated and kept theinselve^ distinct from the Presbyterian churches in their neighbor¬ hoods. As many as could met together in 1743, on the Middle Octoraro, in L^ancaster Co., Pa., and renewed their covenant obligations. In this they were assisted by the Rev. Alexander Craighead, who, although connected with the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, sympathized with the Covenanters in their peculiar views and took great interest in their welfare, and for years preached considerably for them and for a time actually joined them. He wrote on their behalf to the Reformed Presbytery in Scotland, and w^s instrumental in procuring them a minister. In 1750 the Presbytery in Scotland sent the Rev. John Cuthbertson to visit the societies in Ireland, which had been without a minister for half a century—ever since the death of David Houstonn. Here he remained for a year, and then came, in obedience to his Presbytery, to America. He landed on the 5th of Aug., 1751, at New Castle, Delaware, and im¬ mediately commenced an exploration of his missionary field. He preached almost every day for a time, at Octoraro, Pequea, Paxtang, and across the Susquehanna at Walter Buchanan’s, Big Spring, Rocky Spring, near Chambersburg; at Joseph Cochran’s, in the cove near McConnellsburg, returning, by way of Gettysburg and York county, to his headquarters on the Octoraro. This circuit he made more or less frequently for twenty years. He also made two or three visits into the State of New York, and as far as Rhode Island, and westward as far as Washington Co., Pa. At his preaching stations there were no meeting houses for years. When the weather permitted they met in their “tents,” and when it was not propitious they did the best they could in their cabins. This was pitched in a shady grove, and consisted simply of an elevated platform for the minister, where he could be seen and heard by all; a board nailed against a tree to sup¬ port the Bible; a few rude benches for seats; and some boards overhead to protect the minister from sun and rain. Thus accommodated, they worshiped a good part of the day. On the 23d of Aug., 1752, Mr. Cuthbertson held his first communion in America. It was at Stony Ridge, the Walter lO HISTORY OF Buchanan or Junkin “tent,” now New Kingston, Cumber¬ land Co., Pa. A preparatory fast day was observed, tokens of admission were dispensed,* and the services on the Sab¬ bath commenced early and lasted for nine hours. He para¬ phrased the 15th Psalm, and preached from John iii. 35, “The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into His hands.” After the sermon he prayed and they sang; he then expounded the ordinance, debarred from and invited to the tables. The communicants came to the tables singing the 24th Psalm. After four table services were concluded he gave a parting exhortation to the communicants and prayed. After an interval of half an hour he preached again from John xvi. 31, “Jesus answered them. Do ye now believe?” On Monday he preached from Kph. v. 15, “See that ye walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise.” About two hun¬ dred and fifty persons communed, and this must have com¬ prised very nearly the entire number of adult Covenanters in the country, for the place was central, the season was pleas¬ ant, and they gathered in from their different settlements in what Js now the counties of Lancaster, York, Dauphin, Cumberland, Adams, Franklin and Fulton, and nearly every adult was a communicant. This was the first time that the followers of Cameron, Car¬ gill and Renwick had ever outside the British Isles gathered together around the communion table of the Lord, to eat bread and to drink wine in commemoration of a Saviour’s love and atoning death. To them it must have been a high day. It brought them to a mount of ordinances, and spread for them a table in the wilderness, giving them thus a tangi¬ ble evidence of the thoughtfulness and tender care of the Great Shepherd. It also waked the memory of other days and of other scenes, and called up the forms and caresses of loved ones parted with beyond the sea. Their tears were doubtless mingled ones of gladness and of sorrow, half of earth and half of heaven. Such a scene of gratitude and of praise, of memory and of tears, must have strengthened every heart and quickened every grace, and made them to sing, as they never sang before, that triumphant song which * One of whicla the writer possesses. REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. II had so often sustained and cheered their persecuted ancestors when “Mountain Men” in Scotland:— “ God is our refuge and our strength, In straits a present aid; Therefore, although the earth remove. We will not be afraid.” Mr. Cuthbertson had now finished the first year of his mis¬ sionary labors, during which he preached on a hundred and twenty days, baptized a hundred and ten children, married ten couples, and rode on horseback twenty-five hundred miles. The toil and labor, the difficulties and dangers of such a year’s work cannot now be estimated or appreciated. He was more than one hundred days in the saddle; he had to cross, without the aid of bridge or boat, streams of consider¬ able volume, and often when greatly swollen; he had to pass from one settlement to another through miles of heavy un¬ broken forests, where were the lair of the wild beast and the wigwam of the wilder red man, without the advantage of roads, and guided often by the blazed trees which marked a trail. The summer’s sun and the winter’s frost, the drench¬ ing rain and the drifting snow, had to be boldly met and pa¬ tiently endured. His studying had to be largely done on horseback, without the aid of helps, during the tedious hours of his lonely rides. His food by day and lodgings at night were guiltless of any special comforts, and barely met the demands of necessity. And yet this apostolic man toiled on for thirty-nine years, during which time he preached on twenty-four hundred and fifty-two days, baptized eighteen hundred and six children, married two hundred and forty couples, and rode on horseback about seventy thousand miles, or nearly equal to three times around the world. His dust now sleeps on the Octoraro’s bank, awaiting the resurrection of the just, and we would gladly bring a flower and lay it upon his grave in honor of his life, and in token of gratitude for the privileges which we now enjoy, partly through his labors and sacrifices. * * Mr. Cuthbertson kept a diary in which he carefully recorded every act or incident. This diary is now in the possession of the Rev. Joseph Buch¬ anan, of Steubenville, Ohio. 12 HISTORY OF Mr. Cutlibertson ordained his first bench of ruling elders on the 8th of Apr., 1752, at Rocky Spring, near Chambers- burg. These were James and George Wilson, of Fulton Co., George Mitchell, of Rocky Spring, David Dunwoodie, grand¬ father of the late James D. Dinwiddle, and Jeremiah Morrow, father of the late Governor Morrow of Ohio, both of Rock Creek, in Adams Co. In Dec. of the same year, he ordained several more at Octoraro, who belonged to the stations east of the river. These had not only a local jurisdiction, but also a general supervision over all the associated societies. For sev¬ eral years only one communion was held each year, but this was for the benefit of the whole. A central location was se¬ lected during the pleasant weather of late summer or early autumn, and the members from all the stations were expected to be present and participate, and they were always received with a large and hearty hospitality by the resident families. The second communion was on the 14th of Oct., 1753, at Paxtang, Dauphin Co., when about two hundred communed. The third was at the same place, on the 25th of August, 1754, when about two hundred and fifty participated. Mr. Cuth- bertson mentions in his diary that upon this occasion, while engaged in prayer, asking a blessing upon the use of the bread and wine, a fearful thunderstorm broke upon them, killing four horses and a dog some forty yards from the ‘ ‘ tent. ’ ’ In the spring of 1773, Mr. William Brown, of Paxtang, went as commissioner to Ireland to procure two additional ministers, and was especially instructed to get, if possible, the Rev. Matthew Find, pastor at Aghadowey, in Londonderry Co., as one of these. He was successful. Mr. Lind and Alexander Dobbin, specially licensed and ordained for this purpose, returned with him. They landed at New Castle, Delaware, about the middle of Dec., 1773, and on the loth of March, 1774, Messrs. Cuthbertson, Lind and Dobbin, with several ruling elders, met at Paxtang, six miles east of Har¬ risburg, Pa., and constituted themselves as the Reformed Presbyterian Presbytery of America. They agreed to distrib¬ ute their labors thus: Mr. Cuthbertson to reside on the Mid¬ dle Octoraro, and take charge of that church and also Muddy REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 13 Creek, in I^ancaster, and I^ower Clianceford, in York Co.; Mr. Lind to locate at Paxtang, and have the pastoral care of that congregation and of that at Stony Ridge, in Cumberland Co.; and Mr. Dobbin to reside at Rock Creek, now Gettys¬ burg, and serve that church and the one on the East Coneco- cheague, now Greencastle, in Franklin Co. David Telfair, of the Burgher Synod of Scotland, who had supplied the Bur¬ gher congregation in Shippen street for ten or twelve years, joined the Presbytery on the 12th of Aug., 1780. About the ist of Dec., 1781, this Presbytery unanimously adopted the terms of union, as adopted and offered by the Associate Pres¬ bytery of New York, and all its ministers and fully organized congregations went into the union consummated on the ist of Nov., 1782, which originated the Associate Reformed Church. Most of the isolated societies which were not under direct pastoral influence took no part in this union, but went on as before and wrote to the fatherland for a supply of min¬ isters. In 1789 the Rev. James Reid, of Scotland, visited this country and surveyed the whole field from New York to South Carolina, and returned home in 1790. The Rev. Mr. McGarragh was sent out from Ireland in 1791, and William King in 1792 from Scotland. They were authorized to man¬ age the affairs of the Covenanting Church, as a Committee of the Presbytery in Scotland. They were soon joined by others, and a new Presbytery was organized in 1798. H HISTORY OF The Associate Presbyterian Church. I N 1690, after tlie long and sore persecution under Charles II. and James II. was terminated by the accession of William and Mary to the throne, Presbyterianism was re¬ established in Scotland. So great was the desire of the government to avoid as much ecclesiastical excitement as possible, that the General Assembly allowed several hundred of the Episcopal incumbents to retain their charges, upon the single condition that they would submit to that very Presby¬ terian system which they had helped the persecutors to over¬ throw. Of these men Bishop Burnet says: “They were the worst preachers I ever heard; they were ignorant to a re¬ proach, and many of them were clearly vicious. They were a disgrace to their orders, and were indeed the dregs and the refuse of the northern parts. Those of them that rose above contempt and scandal were men of such violent tempers that they were as much hated as the others were despised.” The result was a rapid growth of error and corruption in the church, so that within thirty years Professor Simson, in the Divinity Chair of Glasgow, was permitted to teach some of the worst errors of heathenism, and yet allowed to retain the emoluments of his office and the communion of the church till his death. The church being established by law, the settlement of its ministers was not by election of the people, but by the pre¬ sentation of a patron. As the corrupt party increased in number and in power, they made the system of patronage more and more oppressive, until the people ceased to have either power or privilege, and even the poor boon of remon¬ strance was withdrawn. At this stage of affairs some of the evangelical ministers re- ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 15 published “The Marrow of Modern Divinity,” by Edward Fisher, of England, believing that its circnlation would help the cause of truth. This aroused the indignation of the Mod¬ erates, and in the Assembly of 1720 they condemned a num¬ ber of propositions which they claimed to have gathered from that book. Against this act twelve of the most eminent ministers of the church prepared a representation or explana¬ tory protest. These men were James Hog, Thomas Boston, John Bonar, John Williamson, James Kid, Gabriel Wilson, Ebenezer Erskine, Ralph Erskine, James Wardlaw, Henry Davidson, John Bathgate and William Hunter. Their paper was considered in 1722, and the result was a condemnation of the alleged doctrines of the “Marrow,” and following the' example of Rome in its Index Expurgatorius, they “strictly prohibited and discharged all the ministers of the church to use by writing, preaching, catechising or otherwise teaching, either publicly or privately, the positions condemned, or what may be equivalent to them or of like tendency, under pain of the censures of the church conformed to the merit of their offence.” The representers were also rebuked and admon¬ ished by the moderator. That the Moderates might have a free and unrestrained course, the Barrier Act, or law of over¬ tures, was suspended or disregarded, and protests and dissents were no longer recorded. The evangelical party, being thus shut out from the judi¬ catories of the church, concluded to carry the cause into the pulpit. The Rev. Ebenezer Erskine, as moderator, opened the meeting of the Synod of Perth and Sterling on the i8th of Oct, 1732, with a sermon from the text: “The stone which the builders refuse is become the head-stone of the corner;” Psalm cxviii. 22. He treated of the church as a building, of Christ as the foundation of the building, of the builders, of their error in refusing Christ, and of the glory to which Christ will be exalted as the head-stone in spite of all the attempts of these builders to thrust Him out of His place. In the course of his remarks he took some notice of the Jew¬ ish builders, which appeared not very complimentary to some of the builders before him, and which caused not a little hard feeling towards the preacher. He was called to an account i6 HISTORY OF for what were regarded as the injurious reflections contained in his sermon, and after a warm discussion of three days’ continuance, he was adjudged by a majority of six to be re¬ buked. From this sentence Mr. Erskine appealed to the General Assembly. His son-in-law, the Rev. James Fisher, joined him in this appeal. Fourteen others dissented and protested, amongst whom were the Rev. Alexander Moncrieff and the Rev. William Wilson. When the case came up in the Assembly, in May, 1733, Messrs. Moncrieff and Wilson were denied a hearing in behalf of their dissent, and Mr. Fisher in behalf of his protest. Mr. Erskine alone was heard, but the Assembly sustained the decision of the Synod, and ordered him to be rebuked at their own bar in order to termi¬ nate the process. He submitted to the rebuke, and then im¬ mediately produced a paper in which he protested against the censure which had been inflicted, as importing that he had in his sermon departed from the Word of God and the standards of the church. He also claimed that he should “ be at liberty to preach the same truths of God, and to testify against the same or like defections of this church upon all proper occa¬ sions.” In this protest he was joined by Messrs. Moncrieff, Wilson and Fisher. The protest was refused a hearing, as was the custom of that day, and laid upon the table unread. It accidentally fell to the floor, and a member near by picked it up and read it, and then called upon the Assembly to stop their proceedings and take notice of the insufferable insult offered by the pre¬ sentation of such a paper. The protest was then publicly read, and McKerrow says: “The whole Assembly was in an uproar. A paper containing high treason against the Sove¬ reign, or blasphemy against the majesty of Heaven, could not have called forth a greater burst of indignation. ’ ’ The four brethren were ordered to appear before the Assembly next morning, which they did, and, refusing to withdraw their paper, were directed to appear before the Commission in August next, ‘ ‘ and then show their sorrow for their conduct and misbehavior in offering to protest, and in giving in to the Assembly the paper by them subscribed, and that they then retract the same. ’ ’ If they refused to do so, the Commission ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 17 was directed to suspend them from the ministry, and if still refractory, to proceed to a higher censure. When the Com¬ mission met in August they refused to retract their protest, and were suspended “from the exercise of the ministerial functions and all the parts thereof ’ ’ The brethren continued the exercise of their ministry without any regard to the act of suspension, and received considerable encouragement in so doing. At the meeting of the Commission in November peti¬ tions were sent in from seven Synods and a number of Presby¬ teries in their behalf, and a large portion of the members of the Commission were in favor of delay. A motion to post¬ pone was lost by the casting vote of the moderator. It was finally carried to ‘ ‘ loose the relation of the said four ministers to their charges, and declared them no longer ministers of this church, and to prohibit all ministers of this church to employ them in any ministerial function.” Seven of the ministers of the Commission protested against this act, and avowed their willingness to hold ministerial communion with them. The four brethren handed in a paper, declaring themselves under the necessity of seceding from the church, and soon afterward met as a Presbytery, which they styled Associate^ without the presence of any ruling elders, and published what was known as the “Extra-Judicial Testimony.” In this they defended their action on the ground of the evils in the church, and the fact that they were thrust out because of their testify¬ ing against these evils. They performed no judicial act for three years, hoping that something would be done by which they could consistently return to the church. There was a strong evangelical party in the church which sympathized with them and gave very free expression to their sympathy. The Assembly of 1734 was somewhat’ alarmed and anxious as to the consequences, and tried to conciliate. The barrier acts were restored; the act prohibiting the recording of reasons of dissent and that anent the planting of churches, were declared to be “no longer binding rules of this church,” and the Synod of Perth and Sterling was empowered to remove the censures from the four brethren and to restore them to their charges. And the Synod did so on the 2d of July, “with one voice and consent,” and then elected Mr. Erskine to the mod- 2 i8 HISTORY OF erator’s chair in his absence. The brethren considered these overtures of conciliation long and earnestly, and finally con¬ cluded to decline them, upon the simple ground that some errors only were corrected, while the principle which pro¬ duced these errors remained unchanged, and consequently promised only a temporary peace. The succeeding Assem¬ blies fully vindicated the seceders in their course. In the summer of 1736 the four brethren began to act judi¬ cially as a Presbytery, and on the 3d of Dec. emitted an elab¬ orate judicial testimony. Little societies sprang up in many places, which applied to them for ordinances; and as there were young men in the universities who sympathized with them, Mr. Wilson was appointed their Professor of Divinity. In 1737 Thomas Mair, of Orwell, and Ralph Erskine, of Dun¬ fermline, joined the Presbytery, and in 1738 Thomas Nairne, of Abbotshall, and James Thompson, of Burntisland, making eight in all. The Assembly of 1739 cited them to appear and answer for schism, and the eight brethren presented them¬ selves before the bar of the Assembly as a constituted Presby¬ tery, and formally declined the authority of the judicatories of the church. The Assembly of 1740 proceeded to depose them from the ministry, and expel them forcibly from their churches and manses. This terminated all connection with the Kirk. The increase of ministers and congregations was such that in 1744 there were twenty-six settled charges. These were so scattered that in that year the body was divided into three Presbyteries subordinate to a Synod. During the next year the question was started as to the lawfulness of taking certain burgess oaths, which contained this clause: “Here I protest, before God and your lordships, that I profess and allow with my heart the true religion presently professed within this realm, and authorized by the laws thereof; I shall abide thereat, and defend the same to my life’s end, renouncing the Roman religion called papistry.” The Synod was nearly equally divided as to the lawfulness of their members swearing this oath. The controversy waxed so hot that in 1747 the Synod divided, and the secession was continued in two branches, the Burgher and the Anti-Burgher, until Sept. 8, ASSOICATK PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 19 1820, when they were re-united as the United Secession Church. As early as 1742, a petition was received from Uondonderry, Chester Co., Pa., asking that an ordained minister or a pro¬ bationer might be sent to labor in that district. But the few brethren had none to send. In 1750 and ’51 petitions were sent to the Anti-Burgher Synod, asking for a supply for the eastern counties of Pennsylvania. After some failures to ac¬ cept appointments, Mr. Alexander Gellatly accepted the ap¬ pointment given him, and was specially licensed and ordained as the first Associate Missionary to America. The Rev. An¬ drew Arnot, pastor at Midholm, agreed to go with him, with the liberty of returning at the end of the year, if he so desired. They sailed in the summer of 1753, and found a wide and promising field in the valley of the Susquehanna in Pennsyl¬ vania. On the 2d of Nov., 1753, they organized themselves, as they had been directed to do, into a presbytery, which they styled the “Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania,” subordi¬ nate to the Associate Anti-Burgher Synod of Scotland. They were at once invited by the Presbytery of New Castle of the New Light Presbyterian Synod of New York to cast in their lot with them. This was of course declined, and that Presby¬ tery forthwith issued a warning to their congregations against these men as schismatics and separatists, and as being heret¬ ical on the gospel offer, the nature of faith, and sundry other things. Mr. Gellatly answered this warning in a publication of 240 pages. Messrs. Finley and Smith of the New Castle Presbytery replied, and Mr. Gellatly followed with a second answer of 203 pages. In Sept., 1754, the Rev. James Proudfoot (now Proiidfit) arrived from Scotland and joined the Presbytery, and Mr. Arnot having finished his year returned to his pastoral charge in Scotland. The mission of these three men cost the Synod about five hundred dollars, and considering the fewness and the feebleness of its congregations, it was a very generous con¬ tribution to the cause of Missions. Mr. Gellatly was settled over the congregation of Octoraro, in Lancaster Co., and also over Oxford, in Chester Co., until relieved of the latter by Mr. Henderson. Mr. Proudfit traveled among the churches 20 HISTORY OF for three or four years, and then settled in Pequea, in Lan¬ caster Co. In 1758 Matthew Henderson arrived as a mission- nary from Scotland, and settled over Oxford, Pa., and one- third time over Pencader, in the edge of the State of Delaware, near the present town of Newark. On the 12th of March, 1761, Mr. Gellatly died, and during the same year John Ma¬ son, minister, and Robert Annan and John Smart, licentiates, arrived. Mr. Mason was immediately settled in New York city, over a congregation which had sent for him; Mr. Annan was ordained and installed on the 8th of June, 1763, at Marsh Creek, in Adams Co., Pa., and Mr. Smart after a year or so returned to Scotland. In the autumn of 1763 William Marshall arrived, and on the 30th of Aug., 1765, was or¬ dained and installed at Deep Run, Bucks Co., Pa. Thus far all the Associate ministers were from the Anti- Burgher Synod of Scotland; but in 1764 the Rev. Thomas Clarke, M. D., and over two hundred of his congregation in Ballybay, Ireland, arrived and finally located in Salem, N. Y. Dr. Clarke was from the Burgher Presbytery^ in Ireland, which was subordinate to the Burgher Synod of Scotland, but he did not wish to continue a division in the Secession, which could have no possible grounds or significancy in this country where there were no burgess oaths, so he applied at once to the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania for admis¬ sion. After some delay and considerable negotiations as to terms, he was admitted on the 2d of Sept., 1765, upon the following conditions, viz. : 1. That Mr. Clarke shall not, either publicly or privately, justify the Bur¬ gess oath, or any writing published in defence of it, nor give countenance to any in taking such a step, and the Presbytery agree to drop the whole con¬ troversy concerning it. 2. That Mr. Clarke concur with this Presbytery in adhering to the Na¬ tional Covenant and the Solemn League, with the bond for renewing the same, together with the Act, Declaration and Testimony, as they were owned and professed before the unhappy division, and that he endeavors to prose¬ cute the ends of them in his place and station. 3. That Mr. Clarke shall not endeavor to obtain a Presbytery in America constituted in opposition to this Presbytery, nor countenance any attempt toward erecting such a Presbytery. 4. That Mr. Clarke shall not preach upon an invitation from people who are in full communion with, or have made application to, this Presbytery for sermon without their allowance, nor countenance any brother in taking such a step. ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 21 5. That Mr. Clarke shall acknowledge that this Presbytery and Synod in Scotland, to which it is subordinate, are lawful courts of Jesus Christ, and the Presbytery likewise acknowledge that the other Synod is a lawful court of Christ; nor do the Presbytery desire that he renounce his subjection to that Synod according to these terms. 6. That the members of this Presbytery shall not, either publicly or pri¬ vately, justify the act condemning the Burgess oath, or the censures passed against some of Mr. Clarke’s brethren by their Synod, or justify any writing in defence of said censures, or countenance any step tending thereto. 7. That the Presbytery and Mr. Clarke shall endeavor to strengthen one another in pursuance of these terms, and to bring about a general healing of the unhappy division in a Scriptural way. 8. That our secession, we must acknowledge, is such as is declared to be in the grounds of secession, contained in the first testimony, which is approved of and made judicial in the judicial testimony, and is substantially declared in our declaration, and so we look upon ourselves as standing upon the same footing as before the rupture. 9. That upon subscribing to these terms the Presbytery and Mr. Clarke shall, in the meantime and henceforward, maintain a brotherly communica¬ tion with each other. In witness whereof both parties have set their hands to this. Subscribed by appointment. ROBERT ANNAN, Mod,, THOMAS CLARKE. McKerrow in his history of the Secession Church states that “in the month of Sept., 1765, an application was re¬ ceived from some of the inhabitants of New Cambridge, in the county of Albany, and province of New York, represent¬ ing in strong terms their destitute condition with regard to the gospel, and craving that the Synod (Burgher) would send them without delay a minister to break among them the bread of life, at the same time promising to give the person who should be sent a suitable maintenance. “The Synod having taken this position into consideration, as well as the application formerly made from Philadelphia, resolved both to send an ordained minister and a preacher, but delayed making the appointment until the month of No¬ vember, when they were again to meet for the dispatch of business. “On the 12th of Nov. the Synod appointed Mr. Telfair to go on a mission to America early in the spring, and agreed to send with him Mr. Samuel Kinloch, probationer. They were to remain in America till Apr., 1767, unless the Synod should see fit to recall or extend their appointments. They 22 HISTORY OF were to preach not only at Philadelphia and New Cambridge, but in any other places where they might find an opening. “In May, 1767, the Synod received letters from the con¬ gregations in Philadelphia and New Cambridge, expressing their warmest thanks for the benefits they had received from the ministrations of Messrs. Telfair and Kinloch, and be¬ seeching that the Synod would either permit these brethren to continue among them, or, should they be removed, that others might be speedily sent to supply their place. ’ ’ In the spring of 1766 Messrs. Telfair and Kinloch arrived, and the former took charge of the Burgher congregation in Shippen street, Philadelphia, while the latter made his head¬ quarters in New Cambridge, now Cambridge, Washington Co., New York. When their appointed year had expired they concluded to remain permanently in this country, and made application to the Associate Presbytery of Pennsyl¬ vania for admission to its membership. A meeting of Pres¬ bytery was called to meet on the 9th of June, 1767, at Pequea, Pa., ‘ ‘ that steps might be taken for making the coalescence between this Presbytery and Mr. Telfair and Mr. Kinloch complete.” The minute of that meeting runs Thus: “They proceeded to consider the terms of agreement be¬ tween them and the Rev. Thomas Clarke, of Stillwater, in the county of Albany, to which, with some small variation, the Rev. Mr. Telfair, minister of the gospel in Monteith, in Scotland, with Mr. S. Kinloch, probationer, did agree.” They then added the following endorsement to the origi¬ nal Clarke covenant: “That the Rev. David Telfair, with Mr. Samuel Kinloch, having considered the above terms, approve of them, in testi¬ mony whereof be considered these presents. “DAVID TELFAIR, “SAMUEL KINLOCH. ^''June 9, 1767.” This action was not satisfactory to the Anti-Burgher Synod in Scotland, where the necessities of the case could not be properly appreciated, so at its meeting in 1770 this coales¬ cence was pointedly condemned, and three ministers were appointed as new missionaries to America. They were in- ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 23 structed to require the Presbytery “to annul” its union with the Burghers, and to “obliterate their minute” respecting it. And if the Presbytery should refuse to do this, then they and any of the brethren that chose to join with them should constitute themselves into a new Presbytery and hold no fellowship with the backsliders. John Proudfit, James Ram¬ sey and John Rodgers were appointed to this mission. Proudfit and Ramsey declined, and John Smith of Sterling volunteered to go with Mr. Rodgers. They sailed in the late autumn, and on the 4th of June, 1771, laid their instructions before the Presbytery at its meeting in Pequea, Pa. The Presbytery was considerably embarrassed to know what to do, and was by no means definite in what it did do. The congregations in Salem, Cambridge and Shippen street, Philadelphia, were Burgher, but had put themselves under the care of the Presbyter^^ All the other congregations had been organized under Anti-Burgher auspices, and yet they all contained more or less Burghers in their membership. To introduce the Old Country controversy into the Presbytery would be sure to stir up strife and division everywhere. Hence, in the first term of union with the three Burgher ministers it is expressly stipulated that this controversy shall be buried; and in the third term, that no antagonistic Burgher Presbytery should ever be organized. The question now was to reconcile obedience to the Synod in Scotland, which, without understanding the exigencies of the case, had issued a peremptory order, and to preserve peace in their midst and prosper their work. The Presbyterial record reads thus: “The Presbytery met at Mr. Proudfoot’s house in the evening of the 5th of June, and constituted with prayer, ut supra sederunt excepting the elder. They entered upon the consideration of the instructions given by the Synod to Messrs. Rodgers and Smith, and after long reasoning on that head, and application by a brother to the throne of grace for direction, they find that in making the coalescence with the Burgher brethren they have taken some steps inconsistent with their subordination to the Synod to which they have been and are subordinate, and they are determined that for the future they shall have no ministerial communion with 24 HISTORY OF them until they lay the case before the Synod and receive in¬ structions from them. But they do not judge it for edifica¬ tion, in their present peculiar circumstances, explicitly to comply with the Synod’s demand, which motion was unani¬ mously agreed to by the Presbytery. And Mr. Rodgers and Mr. Smith, recognizing that the Synod’s demand was materi¬ ally granted, and being extremely loath to pursue any measures which might impede general edification, took their seats in the Presbytery.” In other words, we cannot ‘ ‘ annul ’ ’ and ‘ ‘ obliterate ’ ’ what is past, but all such cases in the future shall be referred first to the Synod. This is in ac¬ cordance with the facts. Mr. Kinloch had already, in 1769, returned to Scotland, and was now pastor of the Burgher con¬ gregation in Paisley, where he remained for many years. Mr. Telfair had also, in 1768, returned to Scotland and re¬ sumed his charge at the Bridge of Teith, and actually offered information in the matter to the Anti-Burgher Synod in 1770, and they refused to hear him. So Dr. Clarke of Salem was the only one of the Burgher ministers left, and his connec¬ tion with the Presbytery was never disturbed nor questioned. Dr. Annan, who was present in the meeting of the Presby¬ tery, makes this comment: “The two gentlemen behaved prudently; they did not insist on their instructions, and the Presbytery, without a dissenting voice, declared against obeying them. Mr. Marshall joined freely in this declaration with his brethren. ’ ’ This ended the Burgher controversy in America. The Secession Church here has ever since been one. Mr. Smith soon settled on the Octoraro, in Lancaster Co., and Mr. Rodgers at Big Spring, in Cumberland Co., and the East and West Conecocheague, in Franklin. In 1772 Mr. James Clarkson arrived, and was settled in Aug., 1773, at Muddy Creek, now Guinston, York Co. William Logan and John Murray came in the autumn of 1773; the former set¬ tling at Fermanagh, now Mexico, in Juniata Co., and the latter at Marsh Creek, in Adams Co. Andrew Patton came from Ireland in 1774, and after itinerating for several years was deposed from the ministry in 1781 for gross immorality. James Martin arrived from Ireland in 1775, and within two ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCPI. 25 years passed to the Presbyterian Church. David Amian, brother of Dr. Robert, was principally educated in this coun- tiy^, and was ordained in 1778, and settled at Peterborough, in Hillsborough Co., New Hampshire. This increase of minis¬ ters, and the great inconvenience of their meeting together in one place, led to a division of the Presbytery, and John Ma¬ son, Robert Annan and Thomas Clarke, pastors, and William Logan and Andrew Patton, unsettled, were organized on the 20th of May, 1776, as the Presbytery of New York, co-ordi¬ nate with the Presbytery of Pennsylvania and subordinate to the Anti-Burgher Synod of Scotland. In the struggle between the Colonies and Great Britain all the ministers of the Associate and of the Reformed Churches joined heartily with the former. Drs. Mason and Annan were particularly forward in the exhibition of their patriotism, and they both served for a time as chaplains in the Continen¬ tal army. The idea very soon and very naturally suggested itself to these men that if political independence of foreign control would be a good thing, ecclesiastical independence of a far-off power would not be a bad thing. The question was at once started, and mainly urged by Dr. Annan, whether both branches of Scottish Dissenters in this country could not be united so as to form one national church organization, in¬ dependent in government of all foreign control—a free Church in a free State. To this end overtures were made to the Reformed brethren, and kindly entertained. The first conference anent this matter was held on the 30th of Sept., 1777, at the house of Samuel Patterson, in Donegal, Lancas¬ ter Co., Pa. Messrs. Cuthbertson, Smith, Proudfit and Hen¬ derson were present. The next was in March, 1778, at Pequea, when most of the brethren on both sides were pres¬ ent. Other conferences followed until the spring of 1780, when the Associate Presbytery of New York, at a meeting held in Salem, N. Y., adopted certain terms which were sent to the other Presbyteries for concurrence. These were made the basis for further negotiation between the two Presby¬ teries in Pennsylvania, and a final basis of ten articles was adopted by the Reformed Presbyterian Presbytery at a meet¬ ing in Donegal on the 29th of Nov., 1781. These same arti- 26 HISTORY OF cles were adopted by the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylva¬ nia at a meeting held at Pequea, Lancaster Co., Pa., on the 13th of June, 1782, and as a result of this triple adoption the Associate Reformed Church was organized, and its first Synod met in Philadelphia on the ist of Nov., 1782. This basis of union was not adopted unanimously by the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania at its meeting in June, 1782. Messrs. Marshall and Clarkson, ministers, and Messrs. Robert Hunter, James Thompson and Alexander Moor, rul¬ ing elders, protested against the action of Presbytery, and appealed to the Associate Synod of Scotland. This protest was at first admitted by the Presbyter}^ but on review of it, as it contained an appeal, it was refused admittance, because the majority would no longer acknowledge their subordina¬ tion to any foreign court. The protestors then withdrew, and claimed to be the true Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania, on the ground of their loyalty to the faith and discipline of the Associate Church. Their appeal was heard by the Synod in Scotland, and their conduct was approved, and new mis¬ sionaries were sent out to them to aid in rebuilding the cause. John Anderson arrived in the summer of 1783; Thomas Bev¬ eridge in the early summer of 1784; David Goodwillie and Archibald Whyte in May, 1788; John Cree and David Somer¬ ville in 1790; Robert Laing in 1795, and John Banks in 1796. In’1789 Matthew Henderson returned from the Associate Re¬ formed Church, as did John Smith in 1795. In the summer of 1784, after the arrival of Messrs. Ander¬ son and Beveridge, the Presbytery considered it expedient to prepare a Testimony, suited to their circumstances in this country, and appointed these two brethren to attend to that business. A Narrative and Testimony were prepared, princi¬ pally by Mr. Beveridge, and enacted and published during the same year. The subordination of the Presbytery' to the Synod in Scotland was found at once to be inconvenient and disadvantageous, and the Testimony was adopted without any consultation with the Synod. For this independent action some dissatisfaction was expressed and an act adopted by the Synod in 1786, but it claimed little more than what might be called brotherly oversight which one Church might exercise ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 27 over another. The subordination of the Presbytery to the Synod in Scotland was never of any practical importance, and soon became a dead letter. In 1791 the Presbytery passed an act respecting public cov¬ enanting, which was afterwards incorporated in the Testi¬ mony; and in 1792 they engaged in the duty of covenanting in connection with the congregation in New York. In 1796 they also passed an act against occasional communion, which ever afterward remained the law of the Church. Feeling that the supply of ministers from abroad was inadequate to their wants, the Presbytery took measures to encourage young men to seek the ministry, and as an aid thereto, they elected, on the 2ist of Apr., 1794, Dr. John Anderson, of Service, Beaver Co., Pa., their professor of theology. He continued to discharge the duties of his office as sole professor until 1819, when the infirmities of age compelled him to resign. In answer to an application made by sundry individuals in the State of Kentucky to the General Associate Synod of Scotland, Messrs Andrew Fulton and Robert Armstrong were sent out in the autumn of 1797 and arrived at their field of labor in the spring of 1798. After surveying their ground in Kentucky and Tennessee they organized themselves, accord¬ ing to synodic direction, into the Associate Presbytery of Kentucky, on the 28th of Nov., 1798, coordinate with the Presbytery of Pennsylvania and subordinate to the Associate Synod of Edinburgh, in Scotland. In consequence of the scattered condition of the ministers of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania, they could rarely meet oftener than once a year, and not all of them even then, sc most of the business was transacted at what were called m- terim meetings, where two or three neigboring ministers were allowed to meet at their convenience and attend to local bus¬ iness. This arrangement did not give complete satisfaction, so the Presbytery, at its meeting in Philadelphia on the ist of May, 1800, Resolved^ That this Presbytery will, if the Lord permit, constitute themselves into a Synod, or Court of Review, known and designated by the name of the Associate Synod of North America, at next ordinary meeting, which is appointed to be held at Philadelphia, 3d Wednesday of May, 28 HISTORY OF i8oi, at II o’clock; that Mr. Marshall open the meeting with a sermon, and then constitute the Synod, the rest of the day to be employed in solemn prayer and fasting, Mr. J. Smith to pray first, and then Mr. Clarkson, Mr. Pringle to close.”* The Synod was to bear the same relation to the General As¬ sociate Synod in Great Britain that the Presbytery had done. The Synod met in Philadelphia on the 20th of May, 1801, and was opened with a sermon by Mr. Marshall, from Matt, xxviii. 20, and constituted by him with prayer. On the full roll were the names of Mr. Marshall, John Smith, James Clarkson, Francis Pringle, John Anderson, David Goodwillie, Archibald Whyte, John Cree, Robert Laing, Andrew Fulton, Robert Armstrong, John Banks, Thomas Smith, Ebenezer Henderson, Daniel McLean, William Wilson, James Duncan and William Hume. Of these eighteen, only Messrs. Mar¬ shall, Smith, Clarkson, Pringle, Anderson, Armstrong, Hen¬ derson and T. Smith, were present. John Smith was elected moderator and Francis Pringle stated clerk. The Synod was divided into the four Presbyteries of Cambridge, Philadel¬ phia, Chartiers and Kentucky. This Synod enacted “That none be licensed to preach the gospel, or ordained to the office of the holy ministry among us, but such as have sworn the covenant engagements entered into in the Secession Church, or declare their readiness to do so when opportunity offers, and subscribe said declaration.” This remained the law of the church for many years, and was never repealed, although it finally became inoperative through neglect. Ministers continued to arrive from Scotland and Ireland, and others were educated at the seminary at Service, and the church grew slowly but steadily, and new Presbyteries were erected from time to time as needed. The territorial extent of the church became so great that the question of dividing into sub-synods with a delegated general Synod was twice submitted to the church in overture, and both times rejected. Messrs. Fulton and Armstrong had not been two years in Kentucky until they felt painfully the evil of slaveholding, and applied to the Synod to issue a warning in reference to it. Messrs. Smith and Anderson were appointed to comply with * The Presbytery of Kentucky agreed to cooperate in this movement. ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 29 this request. They pronounced slaveholding a moral evil, and urged the necessity of fully instructing the people in reference to its nature. This the brethren in Kentucky tried faithfully to do, but with very little apparent success; so in 1804, Mr. Fulton took the major part of his congregation and passed over to Indiana, and Mr. Armstrong took his to Ohio. This solved the question pretty thoroughly as far as Ken¬ tucky was concerned, but some congregations had recently started up further south, and the Presbytery of the Carolinas was organized in 1803. The difficulty continued, but the location was changed. There were Associate congregations in the States of Tennessee, Virginia, North and South Caro¬ lina, and they were involving themselves with slavery. Some people in Greene Co., O., who had removed from Ken- tuck}^ petitioned the Synod in 1808 to exclude slaveholders from the communion of the church. This led to the adop¬ tion of an act in 18ii, declaring it to be a moral evil to hold negroes in bondage, directing members of the church to set them at liberty, or if this could not be done according to the laws of the State, to treat them as if free in respect to food, clothing, instruction and wages. It was also enacted that those who refused to comply with these directions were un¬ worthy of the fellowship of the church. The provisions of this act were not complied with, and the subject kept troub¬ ling Synod from time to time until 1831, when a more string¬ ent act was passed, by which all slaveholders were forthwith excluded from communion. This action was regarded by a very respectable minority of Synod as harsh and severe, and practically accomplished nothing. In 1840 a letter was ad¬ dressed to the congregations in the South, in which allow¬ ance was made for those who could not emancipate their slaves, provided they would agree to what was called moral emayicipation. The Rev. Thomas S. Kendall was sent as a commissioner from Synod to read this letter to the congrega¬ tions, but instead of conciliating the feelings of those holding slaves, a riot was excited in a congregation in South Carolina, and while he was engaged in the public worship they seized him, and by an act of lynch law expelled him from the State. This brought on a crisis, and the Presbytery of the Carolinas 30 HISTORY OF declared itself independent of the Synod, and the church was completely and permanently purged of the sin of slavery. The Synod did not have fixed and definite rules of disci¬ pline, but followed custom and tradition until 1817, when the first Book of Discipline was adopted. It contained an aaticle on censurable offences, among which were enumerated pro¬ faning the Sabbath, the use of spirituous liquors, profan¬ ing the name of God in common conversation, the abuse of lots, the use of charms, the diversions of the stage, and promiscuous dancing. This book was superseded by another in 1843. In 1820 the two branches of the Secession in Scotland united and formed the United Secession Church. Against this union Professor Paxton and eight other ministers of the Anti-Burghers protested, and refused to enter. When the General Associate Synod (Anti-Burgher) adopted a new Tes¬ timony in 1806, Dr. McCree and three or four others left the church and constituted themselves as the Co 7 istitutional Presbytery. In 1827 Professor Paxton’s party united with this Presbytery and formed the Synod of Original Seceders. The Synod in this country was very much excited over the union of 1820, and debated the matter until 1826, when by the casting vote of the moderator. Dr. Ramsay, they con¬ demned the “said union as a defection from a covenanted reformation,” and at the next meeting resolved to continue in union with the Protestors, and in 1832, with the Synod of Original Seceders. Peace and quiet, however, were not obtained until an explanatory act was adopted in 1835. The Original Seceders united with the Free Church of Scotland in 1852, which placed the Synod in this country out of union with any Scottish organization. The Associate Reformed Synod of the West in 1820, one year after its organization as an independent Synod, applied to the Associate Synod for a conference on the subject of a union between the two Synods. This offer was accepted, and Janies Ramsay, William Wilson and Robert Bruce were appointed as its representatives. A conference was held and Matthew Henderson, John Riddell and Joseph Kerr, on be¬ half of the Associate Reformed Synod, offered the following six articles for a basis: ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 31 1. We believe that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are the word of God, and the perfect and only rule of Christian faith and practice. 2. We shall retain the Westminster Confession of Faith, Catechisms, larger and shorter, and Form of Presbyterian Church Government, as re¬ ceived by both churches. 3. We shall exhibit an illustration and defense of the doctrines of the Confession of Faith, in which we shall expose and testify against error gen¬ erally, but more particularly the errors of the present day. 4. We assert that public religious vowing or covenanting is a moral duty, to be practiced when the circumstances of Providence require it. But as the duty, from its nature, is occasional, not stated, and there is and may be a diversity of sentiment respecting the reasonableness of it, we agree that while no obstruction is thrown in the way, every Scriptural facility should be afforded those who have clearness to proceed in it, while its observance shall not be required of any, in order to church communion. 5. We agree that the united church shall prepare a formula. 6. We propose that the united Synod be called “ The Associate Synod of the Presbyterian Church.” To the first, fifth and sixth articles the commissioners and the Associate Synod assented, but a more explicit declaration was asked on the second, third and fourth articles, and Messrs. Allison, Murray and Bruce were appointed as the new conferees. Dr. Bruce only attended. Some explana¬ tions were made to the Synod of 1822, and then the whole matter fell through. The perpetual obligation of the National Covenant of Scotland, and the League of the three kingdoms, seemed to present the greatest difficulty in the way. But the true difficulty arose from the fact that the Synods were a little shy of each other, and while they felt the duty of union, they did not have that full and generous confidence in each other which was necessary for a hearty union. The question having been raised in different parts of the church as to the right of members to present adopted children for baptism, it was debated in the Synod for several years, and finally decided in 1829 against this supposed right, upon the ground that the “natural relation of parentage alone war¬ rants the presentation of a child for baptism.” This decision was not satisfactory to a respectable minority, and the matter was still agitated until 1851, when the above action was re¬ scinded, and Sessions were left to act according to their own conscientious convictions in every individual case. 32 HISTORY OF At the meeting of the Synod in Pittsburgh, May 27, 1829, according to previous arrangements, the members engaged in public solemn covenanting. Dr. Heron preached from Psalms Ixxvi. 2; the bond was signed by twenty-nine minis¬ ters, fifteen elders, five probationers and two students of the¬ ology. As few of the eastern brethren were present, it was resolved that an opportunity should be afforded to them to engage in this duty at the next meeting, which was appointed in Philadelphia. Upon this occasion Dr. Martin preached from Neh. ix. 38, and the bond was signed by ten ministers, ten elders, three probationers, three students of theology, and some members of the congregation. Some ministers, and others who had covenanted before, signified their concurrence. A great design of the Synod in thus doing was to encourage their congregations to follow their example. How far this design was successful there is no means of ascertaining, but it is believed that at different times this ordinance has been observed in the greater number of the oldest and largest con¬ gregations of the Synod. At this point of time a trouble sprung up which resulted in a temporary schism. A minute history of its causes and suc¬ cessive steps is not necessary in this connection. The con¬ troversy involved some important principles of church gov¬ ernment, and of submission to lawful authority, even if not lovingly administered. But no doctrine of grace or distinct¬ ive principle of the church was ever brought into question. It is also a pleasure for the historian to be able to state that all the prominent actors on both sides were good men, and that the Holy Ghost set the seal of His approval most un¬ equivocally upon the general work of their lives. The treas¬ ure, however, was in earthen vessels, and like Moses, and David, and Peter, these men had their infirmities and weak¬ nesses, but “he that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone.” After the death of Dr. Banks, and before the Eastern and Western Seminaries were fully consolidated. Dr. Alex. Bul¬ lions was authorized by the Presbytery of Cambridge to in¬ struct their students in theology. About 1829 a personal difficulty occurred between him and Mr. David Gordon, one ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 33 of the students. This assumed different phases, and passed to the Presbytery, where Dr. Bullions was, on the 2d of Sept., 1834, suspended from the exercise of the ministry and from the communion of the church. Synod confirmed this action at its meeting in October, but limited the time to two months. In December he was rebuked and restored, and the Presbytery passed “an act of oblivion in regard to all past expressions marked or complained of against members of Presbytery till this time.” Soon after this three pamphlets appeared, in which the Bullions trial was reviewed with great severity. These were traced to Andrew Stark, of New York, and in the spring of 1835 were very sharply answered anonymously by Chauncey Webster, of Albany, then a student of theology. Libels were preferred against both of these brethren by the Presbytery of Albany, and Dr. Stark’s case was referred sim- pliciter to Synod, where, on the first of June, 1836, he was suspended from the ministry. Dr. Alex. Bullions came to the relief of his friend, and said some severe things in reference to four of his fellow presbyters, for which he was suspended a second time, on the 5th of October, and ultimately deposed. Others became involved in the quarrel, and acts of discipline were freely administered, to which no attention was paid. A majority of the Presbytery of Albany sympathized with Dr. Stark, and were disowned by Synod as a Presbytery. A minority of the Presbytery of Cambridge was cast out, and the Presbytery of Vermont formally restored Dr. Bullions to the ministry, for which it was abolished by the Synod, and here ended all synodic action. The disowned Presbytery of Albany, and the minority Presbytery of Cambridge, and the suspended Presbytery of Vermont, met on the 15th of June, 1841, in Cambridge, N. Y., and organized themselves into a Synod, which they designated as the Associate Synod of North America. The schism was now complete, and the new Synod gave itself to its legitimate work and prospered. Time mollified feelings, and in 1852 overtures for union were made, and on the 31st of May, 1854, in Albany, N. Y., a cor¬ dial and happy consolidation of the two Synods was accom¬ plished. The junior Synod consisted at this time of four Presbyteries, fifteen ministers, nineteen congregations, eight 3 34 HISTORY OF hundred and ten families, and twenty-two hundred and eighty members. The Rev. Dr. Andrew Heron, while pastor at Caesar’s Creek, Greene Co., O., allowed the Rev. H. H. Blair, then under censure from the Synod, to hold on a week day a ser¬ vice in his church, and he attended the service. The Pres¬ bytery of Miami regarded this as giving countenance and moral support to the “Exscinded Brethren” in their “divisive and contumacious course,” and as he refused to acknowledge any error in his conduct, he was suspended from the ministr^^ for “insubordination.” His neighbor, the Rev. George M. Hall, sympathized with him, and as the greater part of their congregations adhered to them, in 1843 organized them¬ selves into the “Free Associate Presbytery of Miami.” Dur¬ ing the next year Mr. Hall returned to the Synod, and this dissolved their Presbytery, and Dr. Heron united with the Associate Reformed Church. In 1799 the Associate Reformed Synod adopted its “Con¬ stitution and Standards,” in which it modified the doctrine of the Westminster Confession of Faith “concerning the power of the Civil Magistrate in matters of religion.” Against this modification the Rev. Messrs. Alexander McCoy and Robert Warwick protested, and on the 27th of Jan., 1801, in the town of Washington, Pa., organized themselves into an independent Presbytery, which they called The Refor 77 ied Dissenting Presbytery. This Presbytery, which rarely con sisted of more than three or four ministers, united in 1851 with the Associate Synod. In 1843 Rev. Joseph Shaw was received from the Re¬ formed Dissenting Presbytery, when his ordination was called in question, inasmuch as only one ministerial member of the Presbytery officiated at the ordination. After a protracted discussion in Synod it was decided by a vote of forty-nine against twenty-two that said ordination, though irregular in its form, was valid as to its substance. In 1840 the Synod passed an act respecting the traffic in ardent spirits, “advising that no member of the church retail them for ordinary use; and that Sessions deal with such mem¬ bers of the church as may be engaged in such traffic, in order ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 35 to induce them to desist; and that all members of the church refuse any encouragement to those who follow such an em¬ ployment. ” In 1843 further action was taken on this subject, and it was unanimously resolved ‘ ‘ That church sessions be directed to deal with such members of the church as are found engaged in the manufacture or vending of ardent spirits under such circumstances as are calculated to bring a reproach upon their profession, and thus constitute an offense in the Scriptural sense of the term, and that such persons be required to aban¬ don it.” At the last meeting of the Synod, before the con¬ summation of the union, it also resolved “That in the judg¬ ment of this Synod the manufacturing or vending of intoxi¬ cating liquors, for the purpose of being used as a common beverage, is a censurable offense.” The Associate Synod of Scotland, at an early period, con¬ demned the Masonic oath as sinful, both as to its matter and form, and warned all its members against any connection with Masonic lodges. Since that all Free Masons have been ex¬ cluded from the communion of the Associate Church. At the time of the Morgan abduction the Synod in this country repeated the warning against Masonry, and in 1846 it was declared “that we regard connection with the Order of Odd Fellows in the same light as with Free Masons, and equally deserving the censures of the church.” A warning was also issued at this time against connection with the Order of the Sons of Temperance, because of their vain parades at funerals and processions, their secresy, the danger of such societies to the community, and the countenance which they give to other societies of a worse character. In 1842 the Synod resolved to enter upon the foreign mis¬ sionary work, and the Rev. Joseph Banks was sent out to se¬ lect a suitable field in South America. The island of Trini¬ dad was fixed upon, and during the following year he and the Rev. David Gordon and wife and Miss Beveridge commenced missionary labors there. Mr. Gordon soon died, and Mr. Banks was compelled on account of ill health to return. Others were sent out, but the enterprise did not prove a success, and the mission was finally passed over to the Free Church of 36 HISTORY OF Scotland. Thwarted here, the Synod turned elsewhere, and in 1854 the Rev. Andrew Gordon and wife and sister were sent out to India. They selected Sialkot, in North India, as their field; others followed, and this mission has been pros¬ pered, and is in a flourishing condition at the present time. Secession churches are under a kind of constitutional ne¬ cessity of being witnessing and testimony-bearing churches, so as to exhibit and illustrate the ground of their independent existence. The Associate Synod was always true to its eccle¬ siastical parentage, and freely testified upon different occasions against prevailing evils as they exhibited themselves in church, state or society, and upon all living issues clearly de¬ fined its position. The necessity for an improved version of the Psalms was long felt in the Associate Church, and very considerable time and labor had been bestowed by Dr. Beveridge and others upon an effort in that direction, when the consummation of the union in 1858 caused this work to pass to the United Pres¬ byterian Church, where in due time it was satisfactorily ac¬ complished. The Associate Reformed Synods of New York and the West and the General Reformed Presbyterian Synod (N. S.) began in 1838 to hold conventions, to prepare the way if possible for an organic union. After two or three annual meetings had taken place, an invitation was given to the Associate Synod to participate in these “Conventions of the Reformed Churches,” which was accepted, and delegates were sent in 1842. These conventions continued five or six years, and then gave place to overtures or communications directly from one body to the other. A basis of union was finally sub¬ mitted in 1856 by the Associate Synod, which was accepted in 1857 6y the General Synod of the Associate Reformed Church, and the long sought union was consummated on the 26th of May, 1858. The Synod consisted at this time of 21 Presbyteries, 198 ministers, 33 licentiates, 293 congregations, 16,621 families, and 23,505 members. A residuary of ii min¬ isters, 32 congregations (generally very small), and 778 mem¬ bers declined going into the union, and continued their organization as the Associate Synod. ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 37 The Associate Reformed Church. S already stated, conferences upon the subject of an or- ii. ganic union between the Reformed and the Associate Presbyteries of America began in 1777, and continued for several years. A basis for such a union was unanimously adopted by the Associate Presbytery of New York in the spring of 1780, at Salem, N. Y., and offered to the other Presbyteries. About the ist of Dec., 1781, this basis, with some modifications, was unanimously adopted by the Re¬ formed Presbyterian Presbytery at a meeting in Donegal, Lancaster Co., Pa. At a meeting of the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania, at Pequea, Lancaster Co., Pa., June 13, 1782, this basis was also adopted by a majority, when two ministers and three elders protested and refused to be bound by the act The terms were the following : 1. That Jesus Christ died for the elect. 2. That there is an appropriation in the nature of faith. 3. That the Gospel is addressed indiscriminately to sinners of mankind. 4. That the righteousness of Christ is the alone condition of the covenant of grace. 5. That civil government originates with God, the Creator, and not with Christ, the Mediator. 6. That the administration of the Kingdom of Providence is given into the hands of Jesus Christ, the Mediator; and magistracy, the ordinance ap¬ pointed by the Moral Governor of the world, to be the prop of civil order among men as well as other things, is rendered subservient by the Mediator to the welfare of his spiritual kingdom, the Church, and has the sanctified use of it and of every common benefit, through the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ. 7. That the law of nature, and the moral law revealed in the Scriptures, are substantially the same, although the latter expresses the will of God more evidently and clearly than the former; and, therefore, magistrates among Christians ought to be regulated by the general directory of the Word as to the execution of their office. 8. That the qualifications of justice, veracity, etc., required in the law of 38 HISTORY OF nature for the being of a magistrate, are also more explicitly revealed as necessary in the Holy Scriptures. But a religious test, any further than an oath of fidelity, can never be essentially necessary for the being of a magis¬ trate, except where the people make it a condition of government. 9. That both parties, when united, shall adhere to the Westminster Con¬ fession of Faith, the Catechisms, the Directory for Worship, and proposi¬ tions concerning church government. 10. That they shall claim the full exercise of church discipline, without dependence upon foreign judicatories. The three Presbyteries met in convention in the house of Mr. William Richards, in Philadelphia, on Wednesday, the 30th of Oct, 1782, and adopted eight articles for the guid¬ ance of the Synod, which they designed organizing. On Friday, the ist of November, 1782, the Synod of the Associate Reformed Church was formally organized, and the Rev. Dr. John Mason, of New York, was elected as its first moderator. Nine ministers and six ruling elders were present, viz.: Associate Presbytery of New York: Dr. John Mason, Robert Annan, ministers, Win. McKinney, ruling elder; Associate Presbytery of Pemisylva 7 tia: James Proudfit, John Rodgers, John Smith, Wm. Logan, ministers, Joseph Miller, Robert Douglass, ruling elders; Refor^ned Presbytery : John Cuthbertson, Matthew Lind, Alex Dobbin, ministers, James Bell, John Cochran, Dr. Robert Patterson, ruling elders. The Presbyteries were re-arranged as follows: The First Presbytery to consist of Messrs. David Telfair, John Cuthbertson, James Proudfit and John Smith, and the churches in Bast Pennsylvania. The Second Presbytery of Messrs. Matthew Henderson, Matthew Lind, John Rodgers, Alexander Dobbin, William Logan, and John Murray, and the churches in West Pennsyl¬ vania, making the Susquehanna river the dividing line. The Third Presbytery of Dr. John Mason, Robert Annan, Thomas Clarke and David Annan, and the churches in New York and the Eastern States. The most important business in which the Synod engaged was the consideration of the eight articles agreed upon by the Convention which preceded the Synod. These were dis¬ cussed seriatim^ “and after serious deliberation and solemn prayer ’ ’ were unanimously adopted ‘ ‘ as proper to display the principles upon which we intend to act.” They were as follows: ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 39 I. It is the resolution of this Synod to persevere in adhering to the system of truth contained in the Holy Scriptures, exhibited in the Confession of Faith, Catechisms, larger and shorter, and to the fundamental principles of gospel worship, and ecclesiastical government agreed upon by the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, with the assistance of commissioners from the church of Scotland. This declaration, however, does not extend to the fol¬ lowing sections of the Confession of Faith, which define the power of civil government in relation to religion: Chap. XX., sec. 4, Chap. XXIII,, sec. 3, Chap, XXXI,, sec. 2. These sections are reserved for a candid discussion on some future occasion as God shall be pleased to direct. Nor is it to be con¬ strued as a resignation of our rights to adjust the circumstances of public worship and ecclesiastical policy to the station in which Divine Providence may place us. All the members of the Synod acknowledge in the mean¬ while that they are under the most sacred obligations to avoid unnecessary criticism upon any of these excellent treatises, which would have a native tendency to weaken their attachment to the truths therein contained. If any of the members of the S5mod shall conceive any scruples at any article or articles of the Confession of Faith, Catechisms, Directory of Worship, or Form of Presbyterian Church Government, or shall think they have suffici¬ ent reason to make objections thereto, they shall have full liberty to com¬ municate their scruples or objections to their brethren, who shall consider them with impartiality, meekness and patience, and endeavor to remove them by calm, dispassionate reasoning. No kind of censure shall be inflicted in cases of this nature, unless those scrupling and objecting brethren shall disturb the peace of the church by publishing their opinions to the people, or by urging them in judicatories with irritating and schismatic zeal. II. The ministers and elders in Synod assembled also declare their hearty approbation of the earnest contendings for the faith and magnanimous suf¬ ferings in its defence by which our pious ancestors were enabled to distin¬ guish themselves in the last two centuries; that they have an affectionate remembrance of the National Covenant of Scotland, and of the Solemn League and Covenant of Scotland, England and Ireland, as well-intended engagements to support the cause of civil and religious liberty, and hold themselves bound by divine authority to practice all the moral duties therein contained according to their circumstances. That public and explicit cove¬ nanting with God is a moral duty under the Gospel dispensation, to which they are resolved to attend as He shall be pleased to direct. That it is their real intention to carry with them all the judicial testimonies against defec¬ tions from the faith once delivered to the saints which have been emitted in the present age by their brethren in Scotland, as far as these testimonies serve to display the truth, and comport with the circumstances of our church, and that they will avail themselves of every call to bear appointed testimony against the errors and delusions which prevail in this country. HI. The members of Synod also acknowledge with gratitude that they are bound to honor the religious denominations in Britain to which they be¬ longed, on account of their zeal for the purity of the Gospel, and of those laudable efforts to promote it, not only in Britain and Ireland, but also in America, and they profess an unfeigned desire to hold an amicable corres¬ pondence with all or any of them, and to concur with them in every just and eligible measure for promoting true and undefiled religion. 40 HISTORY OF IV. It is also the resolution of this Synod never to introduce, nor suffer to be introduced in their church, the local controversy about the civil estab¬ lishment of the Presbyterian religion, and the religious clause of some Burgess oaths in Scotland, or any unnecessary disputes about the origin of civil dominion, and the requisites for rendering it legal in circumstances dis¬ similar to those in which themselves are placed. They esteem themselves bound to detach their religious profession from all foreign connections, and to honor the civil powers of America, conscientiously submitting to them in all their lawful operations. V. That the abuse of ecclesiastical censures may be effectually prevented, the following General Rule of Disciplme is unanimously adopted^ namely: That notorious violations of the law of God, and such errors in doctrine as unhinge the Christian profession, shall be the only scandals for which depo¬ sition and excommunication shall be passed, and that the highest censures of other offenders shall be a dissolution of the connection between the Synod and the offender. VI. The terms of admission to fixed communion with the Synod shall be soundness in faith, as defined in the above mentioned Confession and Cate¬ chisms, submission to the government and discipline of the church and a holy conversation. VII. The members of Synod also acknowledge it to be their duty to treat pious persons of other denominations with great affection and tenderness. They are willing, as God affordeth opportunity, to extend communion to all who in every place call on the name of the Lord Jesus in conformity to His will. But as occasional communion in a divided state of the church may produce great disorders, if it be not conducted with much wisdom and mod¬ eration, they esteem themselves, and the people under their inspection, in¬ violably bound in all ordinary cases to submit to every restriction of then- liberty, which general edification renders necessary. This article, however, is not to be construed as a license to encourage vagrant preachers who go about under pretence of extraordinary zeal and devotion, and are not subject to the government and discipline of any regular church. VIII. As the principles of the Synod are detached from the local peculi¬ arities by which the most considerable parts of Presbyterians have been hitherto distinguished, it is further agreed to reject all such applications for admission to fixed communion with the Synod that may at any time be made by persons belonging to other denominations of Presbyterians, as evidently arise from caprice, personal prejudice, or any other schismatical principles, and that the only admissible application shall be such as shall, upon deliberate examination, be found to arise from a solid conviction of duty, and to discover Christian meekness towards the party w’hose commu¬ nion is relinquished, or such as are made by considerable bodies of people who are not only destitute of a fixed gospel ministry, but cannot be reason¬ ably provided for by the denomination of Presbyterians to which they belong. It is, however, thought proper that applications of the last kind shall not be admitted till the bodies by whom they are admitted shall previously inform the judicatories which have the immediate inspection of them of the reasons of their intended application, and shall use all due means to obtain the con¬ currence of that judicatory. ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 41 These articles, originally from the pen of Dr. John Mason, were subsequently revised and slightly amended, and pub¬ lished under the unsuitable title of “The Constitution of the Associate Reformed Church. ’ ’ They were popularly known as the “Little Constitution.” A committee, consisting of Dr. Mason and Messrs. Lind and Smith, was appointed “to prepare and publish, as soon as possible, a concise narrative of the rise and progress of the union between the Associate and Reformed Presbyteries, and the grounds on which they have erected themselves into a Synod, together with such an illustration of our constitu¬ tional principles as they may judge necessary.” This com¬ mittee never reported. In 1787 Dr. Mason, R. Annan and J. Smith were appointed a committee to bring in “An Overture for illustrating and defending the Doctrines of the Westminster Confession of Faith.” In 1789 a long report was submitted, chiefly from the pen of Dr. Annan, in the form of a commentary upon the different chapters of the Confession. It was considered at great length at that meeting of Synod, and then postponed and further considered at the next meeting in May, 1790, when, instead of a formal adoption, it was unanimously resolved that it is “in substance an excellent and instructive illustration and application of these truths unto the present state of the Church of Christ in America, and warmly recommended it as such to all the people under their inspection.” The Standards of the Associate Reformed Church were not a birth, but a growth. Those who organized it had confi¬ dence in each other, and united upon the simple basis of the Westminster standards which belonged equally to both sides, and left time and experience to decide whether anything should be added, and if so, what. One of the objects of her founders, and by no means a small one, was to establish an American church holding the theology of the more conserva¬ tive churches in Scotland; American in the twofold sense of being independent of all foreign judicatories, a free Church in a free State, and also in being denuded and freed from all peculiarities of alien origin and suitableness. They did not 42 HISTORY OF wish simply to transplant an exotic whose special characteris¬ tics showed its foreign birth and relations, and which might not be adapted to the climate; but to build a home church, unencumbered with any historical traditions, which could and would adapt itself to the peculiarities and exigencies of its surroundings. Hence they agreed upon the dogmas of the new organization, and said nothing about the special methods of their exhibition. The Reformed and the Associ¬ ate Churches had covenant bonds and made assent to them a term of communion; they had also a Judicial Testimony of equal binding obligation with the Confession of Faith. The Associate Reformed Church started without either of these. This was not an inadvertence or oversight, but a deliberate conviction of duty, and for which they were severely cen¬ sured by those nearest of kin in Great Britain and America. The new church had to fight for her existence, and the re¬ sult of this contest had much to do in giving shape and char¬ acter to her forming standards. She was charged with “burying the covenants,” and “neglecting to insist on their binding obligation upon posterity.” To this the Synod re¬ plied in a letter to the Second Presbytery^ of the Carolinas: “The omission in our Constitution of the National Covenant of Scotland, and the Solemn League and Covenant, cannot wound the most tender conscience when rightly informed. It is not possible, consistently with truth, to make these cov¬ enants, as they stand, a part of the church’s testimony in America; and, therefore, the insertion of them among her terms of communion, instead of promoting the edification of her members, would only serv^e as a snare for their con¬ sciences. To be applicable to the circumstances of this church they must undergo a variety of alterations; but the moment any alteration is admitted into an instrument of sol¬ emn compact, it ceases to be the sa^ne instrument. To mod¬ ify the covenants, therefore, is to destroy them; they instantly cease to be the same covenants, and the persons who take them thus modified, instead of renewing them, do, in fact, enter into a new compact, and, by that very act, resort to the original principle of covenanting. ’ ’ The Original Seceders, the successors of McCree and Pax- ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 43 ton, and the most conservative body in Scotland, declared at their union with the Free Church in 1852: “In fine, looking upon society as possessed of permane 7 it identity in the sight of God, and on each succeeding age as bound to implement the unexhausted obligations contracted by national oaths, we be¬ lieve that the covenants of our ancestors * * * binding, and that by them, we, as a nation, are laid under additional obligation to maintain the principles and the cause of the Reformation.” This was precisely the position taken by the Associate Reformed fathers seventy years before—that these covenants were civil and national, and that the descend¬ ing obligations followed not the individual, but the national identity; and, although the descendants of covenanted ances¬ tors, as members of another nation, they were not willing to acknowledge special descending obligations. When it was urged that these covenants embraced moral duties, as well as civil and national, and that their perform¬ ance was made binding upon posterity, the Synod answered in the Little Constitution that “we are bound by the Divine authority to perform all the moral duties contained in them.” That is, whatever is contained in them, which is clearly a moral duty, we are bound to perform by the ‘ ‘ Divine author¬ ity” which requires it, and imparts to it its character as a moral duty. Any further obligation would be a surplusage, and that too from an inferior source of authority. Another difficulty with which the new church had to con¬ tend was the precise manner of Testimony-bearing. It is very evident that the founders of the church, through the in¬ fluence of their early training, felt that there was or might be good reason for the adoption of a Judicial Testimony in addi¬ tion to the Confession of Faith. Hence the appointment of the two committees already mentioned to draft a narrative and to bring in an illustrative overture. It is just as evident that there was a doubt and a hesitancy in this matter, because the first committee never reported, and the action of the other was only commended but never adopted. But as they con¬ tinued to discuss this subject, the Synod became more and more confirmed in its opposition to such an instrument, and finally and fully decided the question in 1797 by the adoption of the following paper: 44 HISTORY OF Whereas, A number of people under the inspection of the Associate Re¬ formed Synod entertain doubts as to their principles and intentions with re¬ spect to the maintenance of a faithful testimony for the truth as it is in Jesus; and whereas these doubts are accompanied with anxiety for a judicial publication, copiously illustrating and defending the doctrines of the Gospel, and enumerating, refuting and condemning errors and heresies, to be called a Testimony, the ministers and elders in Synod assembled think it incum¬ bent on them to explain, and by this act they do explain their real views of these interesting subjects. Upright and open testimony for the truths of the Lord’s word, whether relating to doctrine, discipline, worship or manners, is the indispensable duty of all Christians, especially of the ministers and judicatories of the church, who, from their office, ought to be set for the defence of the gospel. Judicial testimonies, being designed to operate against prevalent error, are, lest they should miss their aim, to be wisely adapted to the immediate cir¬ cumstances of the church. Both these principles have been fully recognized by the Synod in then- published act of May, 1790, entitled An act to amend the Constitution of the Associate Reformed Synod. They therein declare that “they consider the Confession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms, Directory for Worship and Form of Church Government, as therein received, as their Fixed Tes¬ timony, by which their principles are to be tried; or, as the judicial expres¬ sion of the sense in which they understand the holy scriptures in the relation they have to the doctrine, the worship and government of the Christian Church, and that it is their resolution to emit occasional testimonies in par¬ ticular acts against errors and delusions. The Synod, however, being frequently importuned to publish a testimony of a different kind, renewed from time to time their discussions on this point, and after the most impartial and serious deliberation find it their duty not to recede from the above resolution. For the satisfaction of such as have not had access to know the grounds of this decision, some of them are subjoined: 1. In her excellent Confession of Faith, Catechism, etc., the church is already possessed of a testimony so scriptural, concise, comprehensive and perspicuous that the Synod despair of seeing it materially improved, and are convinced that the most eligible and useful method of maintaining the truths therein exhibited is occasionally to elucidate them and direct them in particular acts against particular errors, as circumstances require. 2. There was drawn up and published by a committee of Synod, in the year 1787, An Overture for Illustrating and Defending the Doctrines of the Westminster Confession of Faith. And in May, 1790, Synod unanimously resolved that said overture is “in substance an excellent and instructive illustration and application of these truths unto the present state of the church of Christ in America, and warmly recommended it as such to all the people under their inspection.” Whatever then might be effected on a gen¬ eral scale by any similar pamphlet in the form of a judicial testimony, may be effected by that overture. And to emit such a testimony w-ould only be to repeat the same laborious and expensive work, without obtaining any proportional advantage. ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 45 3, Could a testimony universally acceptable be prepared, it would still be far from producing those beneficial effects which are so fondly expected. (a) If it were to do tolerable justice to the prodigious extent of the Con¬ fession it would swell into an immense work, of which the very bulk would defeat the intention. And if it were comprised in a volume suited to the leisure of an ordinary reader it would be defective, and defective, perhaps, on those very points on which the occurrences of a few months might re¬ quire it to be particular in full. (d) It could scarcely give a correcter view of the principles of the Synod than is already given in their received Confession, because it could scarcely hold forth any truths which are not therein held forth, or state them, upon the whole, wdth more luminous precision. The opinion that such a testi¬ mony is needful to ascertain the Synod’s principles is a direct impeachment of the Confession itself; since, if they are not sufficiently ascertained by this, it must be either lame or ambiguous; and then the church demands not a separate testimony but an amended Confession. If any parts of it are differently interpreted and abused to the promotion of error these ought to be explained in detached acts, and such explanation belongs strictly to the province of occasional testimo?iies. {c) It could not deter from application for ministerial or Christian com¬ munion with the Synod any w^ho are not really friendly to the doctrine of grace, since one who can profess an attachment to the Confession of Faith, while he is secretly hostile to its truths, is too far advanced in dishonesty to be impeded for a moment by any testimony which the wisdom of man can frame. {d) It could not silence the objections and cavils of such as incline to misrepresent the principles and character of the Synod, since it is impos¬ sible to satisfy with anything those who are determined to be satisfied with nothing. The very uncandid manner in which the Synod have already been often treated, both in Britain and America, leaves little reason to hope their plainest declarations will not be perverted, and their most upright intentions misconstrued. {e) It could not lift up a perpetual banner for truth, since from the ever- fluctuating state of religious controversy, and the impossibility of foresee¬ ing the different shapes which error may assume, some parts of it would gradually grow obsolete, while some would be deficient; and the same ne¬ cessity for occasional testimofiies w'ould still remain. In the nature of things, moreover, it would after a short time, at most a few years, be out of print and out of date, and ceasing to interest the public curiosity, would utterly fail of accomplishing its end. There is also solid reason to fear that in the present unhappy contentions which divide the church it would be used by too many as the rallying point of party, and would inflame those wounds in the body of Christ which it should be our study and prayer to have speedily and thoroughly healed. While these and similar reasons impel the Synod to decline issuing such a testimony as hath been desired, there are others which persuade them that the plan on which, as the Lord in His providence hath called them, they have hitherto acted, and on which they are resolved to act in future—the plan of emitting occasional testimonies —includes all the excellencies of that 46 HISTORY OF which they reject, is free from its embarrassments, and is calculated to pro¬ duce real and permanent good. As witnesses of the Most High, Christians are especially bound to avow and to defend those truths which are more immediately decried, and to op¬ pose those errors which immediately prevail. This is termed by the spirit of God being ^'established in the present truth." It is the very essence of a judicious testimony; nor is there any way in which judicatories can so well maintain it as in serious and scriptural occasional acts. Of this method of testifying there are plain and numerous traces in the Holy Scriptures and in the pious practice of the primitive church. Such testimonies have, moreover, several advantages: They are brief: so that a reader of ordinary diligence can, in a very little time, make himself perfectly master of their contents. They are pointed: and by singling out the error which is doing present mischief, they give more effectual warning of present danger than could pos¬ sibly be done if they were interspersed through a large and general publica¬ tion. They are new: and for this very reason they arrest the attention of men more than if they were diffused through an older and more extended work, however excellent. They may also throw fresh light upon received truths, and make a deeper impression on the mind than if met with in the course of ordinary reading. They furnish special topics for religious conversation: and by fixing the thoughts of pious people on a particular subject render them greatly instru¬ mental in edifying each other. As they confine the attention of judicatories within a small compass^ there is a better prospect of their being executed with ability and success. They serve to cement the affections of judicatories and their people, as they oblige the former to watch, with peculiar zeal, over the interests of the latter, and afford the latter continual and endearing proofs of the faithful¬ ness of the former. They are frequent: and thus have a happy tendency to keep alive the spirit of honest testimony for Jesus Christ, which would slumber much deeper and much longer were that duty supposed to be discharged in a soli¬ tary volume. They will form, collectively^ a more complete and useful ^findication of truth than could be expected if the different branches of it were all to be discussed in a continued work. They will .show posterity what were the truths which, in a peculiar man¬ ner, their fathers were honored to maintain. Because the Synod would not include the Scottish cove¬ nants in its standards, and declined to issue a Judicial Testi¬ mony, the Rev. Matthew Henderson, of Chartiers, in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa., left the Associate Reformed Church in 1789 and united with the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Five or six years afterward the Rev. John Smith, of Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa., pursued the same course, and professedly for the same reasons. ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 47 It will be recollected that in the first article of the Little Constitution, where adherence to the Westminster Confession of Faith is professed, the Synod expressly excepted those sec¬ tions of Chapters 20 and 23 and 31, which define the power of civil government in relation to religion, and reserved them ‘ ‘ for candid discussion on some future occasion as God shall be pleased to direct. ’ ’ These sections were under discussion at several meetings of the Synod, and in 1798 it was resolved to alter the text of the Confession so as to free it from all Brastianism, and make the church independent of the State in all matters of government and discipline. At the same time and for the same purpose the word authorizing was sub¬ stituted for the word tolerating in the enumeration of the sins forbidden by the second commandment, as given in the Larger Catechism. Because of these alterations of the Confession of Faith the Rev. Alexander McCoy and the Rev. Robert War¬ wick, both of the Presbytery of Monongahela, protested and left the church, and on the 27th of Jan., 1801, at Washing¬ ton, Pa., “constituted themselves into a Presbytery, under the denomination of the Reformed Dissenting Presbytery Thus sixteen years were spent in formulating the standards of the church; and having settled all things to their mind, the Synod, at its meeting at Greencastle, Pa., on the 31st of May, 1799, “judicially ratified ” and “declared the aforesaid Con¬ fession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms, together with the Government and Discipline of the Church, and the Directories for Public and Private Worship, to be the Consti¬ tution and Standards of the Associate Reformed Church in all matters relating to Doctrine, Government, Discipline and Worship.” They declared this to be their fixed testi¬ mony, and that they will “emit occasional testimonies in par¬ ticular acts against errors and delusions.” They also fixed the terms of admission to membership in the church to be “A profession of faith in the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments as the perfect and only rule of faith and practice, together with an approbation of the Confession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms, Form of Church Gov¬ ernment and Directories for Worship, as therein received; a holy life and conversation, and subjection to the Order and Discipline of the Church. ’ ’ 48 HISTORY OF The Third Presbytery appointed a meeting to be held in lyondonderry, New Hampshire, on the 13th of Feb., 1783, for the purpose of ordaining William Morrison and installing him as pastor of the Second or West Parish of Londonderry. When the time came no members appeared except Mr. David Annan and his elder, who were not sufficient to constitute a Presbytery, but the Rev. Samuel Taggart, pastor of the Pres¬ byterian Church in Coleraine, Mass., was present with the avowed intention of uniting with the Associate Reformed Presbytery at that meeting. Making a virtue of necessity, Mr. Annan admitted Mr. Taggart to membership, and they then constituted as a Presbytery and ordained Mr. Morrison. These facts were reported to Synod at its next meeting, when an act was passed sustaining the validity of Mr. Morrison’s ordination, but condemning sharply the irregularity of the whole proceedings. In 1786 the Presbyteries were re-arranged by Synod, and Dr. Robert Annan of Boston, David Annan of Peterborough, N. H., Samuel Taggart of Coleraine, Mass., and William Mor¬ rison of Londonderry, N. H., were erected into a new Presby¬ tery, to be known as the Presbytery of Londonderry. On the 19th of Oct., 1791, the Synod changed the name of the Pres¬ bytery to that of the Presbytery of New England. This Pres¬ bytery, and an independent Presbytery composed of some of the Irish congregations which still lingered, and known by the name of “The Presbytery of the Eastward,” coalesced at Londonderry on the 25th of Oct., 1793, and formed what they called the Presbytery of Londonderry. This was done without the knowledge or authority of the Associate Re¬ formed Synod, but it still claimed jurisdiction over its New England Presbytery, by whatever name it might choose to call itself, and whatever affiliations it might make. This coalesced Presbytery, however, was very careful to hold itself aloof from the Synod, and was composed of Messrs. D. Annan, S. Taggart, W. Morrison and A. Oliver, (Associate Reformed,) and of Jonathan Brown, D. Dana, Mr. Ewer, Solomon Moor, W. Pidgeon and S. Tomb, from the Presby¬ tery of the Eastward. The Presbyterian congregations in New England felt the influence of their surroundings, and ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 49 were gradually yielding to Congregationalism in tlie matters of praise, and discipline, and government, and the Synod re¬ buked the Presbytery for its laxity, but without accomplishing ing any reformation. Finally, in 1796, the Synod appointed two of its ministers to visit the Presbytery and try to reclaim them. This committee was providentially hindered from going, but Dr. J. M. Mason, in its name, wrote a very earnest and able letter, expostulating with the Presbytery on their irregularities, and sustaining the ground taken by the Synod. Mr. Morrison answered for the Presbytery, and stated that the action of the Synod on the subject of Psalmody and Com¬ munion was not acceptable to their people generally, and then avowed their independence, and declared that “This Presbytery consider themselves, with Divine aid, competent to all the purposes of judicial authority in the churches or societies under their care; are best acquainted with their customs, temper, and manners, and their situation with re¬ spect to other denominations.” The Presbytery continued to maintain its independence, and the Synod, in 1801, erased its name from the roll and declared it as being no longer ‘ ‘ in their connection.” Thus perished Associate Reformed Pres¬ byterianism in New England until resuscitated in 1846 by Dr. Blaikie. This Eondonderry Presbytery remained independ¬ ent until 1809, when it put itself under the care of the Presbyterian Synod of Albany, and is still connected with the Presbyterian church. In 1798 the Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church made overtures for a union of the Presbyterian, the Associate Re¬ formed and the Dutch Churches. Committees were appointed and a platform for more intimate relations was drafted. This scheme was approved by the Dutch Synod of 1799, but disapproved of by the other bodies. It may be mentioned in this connection that in 1820 the General S3mod of the Asso¬ ciate Reformed Church appointed a committee to confer with any committee which might be appointed by the Dutch Synod on the subject of effecting a union between the two churches. A committee was appointed, and they agreed upon a basis containing eight articles, the first of which was, “The two Churches to be united under the style and title of 4 50 HISTORY OF the Reformed Protestant Church of North AmericaP The Dutch Synod overtured the plan to its Classes, and they re¬ ported almost unanimously in its favor, but the Associate Reformed Synod, in 1821, declined “for the present all further proceedings relative thereto, resting satisfied with the continuance of the established plan of intercourse and corres¬ pondence. ” This change of course arose most likely from the fact that the party which had inaugurated it was now en¬ gaged in a negotiation for union with the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, and they regarded this latter scheme with greater favor. When the Synod had grown until it embraced seven Pres¬ byteries, nearly forty ministers, and about five thousand com¬ municants, and scattered from New York to Georgia, it was deemed expedient to organize a delegated supreme judica¬ tory, so as to lessen, as far as possible, the slow and toilsome travel required of those upon the outskirts of the church. On the 22d of Oct., 1802, at a meeting in New York, the church was divided into four Synods, subordinate to a dele¬ gated General Synod. The Synod of New York was to be composed of the Presbyteries of New York and Washington, and to hold its first meeting at Newburgh, N. Y., on the last Friday of May, 1803, to be opened with a sermon by William McAuley. The Synod of Pennsylvania to be composed of the Presbyteries of Philadelphia and Big Spring, to meet at Marsh Creek, Adams Co., Pa., on the 25th of May, 1803, and to be opened with a sermon by Dr. R. Annan. The Synod of Scioto to be composed of the Presbyteries of Monongahela and Kentucky, to meet at Chillicothe, O., on the 2d of May, 1804, and to be opened with a sermon by Adam Rankin. The Synod of the Carolinas to be composed of the First and Second Presbyteries of the Carolinas and Georgia, to meet at Bbenezer Church, Fairfield District, S. C., on the 27th of April, 1803, to be opened with a sermon by James Rogers. The General Synod held its first meeting at Greencastle, Franklin Co., Pa., on the 30th of May, 1804, and was opened with a sermon by Dr. John M. Mason, from Titus i. 9, “Holding fast the faithful word.” The eight Presbyteries were all represented. The Rev. Alexander Dobbin w^as chosen moderator and the Rev. James Gray stated clerk. ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 51 In 1801 the Synod resolved to establish a Theological Sem¬ inary with a more complete organization and a more exten¬ sive course of study than anything yet attempted in the United States. For the accomplishment of this work Dr. Mason visited Great Britain for the collection of funds and of books for a library, in both of which he was quite success¬ ful. The Seminary was opened in New York City in 1805, with Dr. Mason as principal Professor and eight students in attendance. It was suspended in its operations in 1821, after educating in whole or in part ninety-six students, many of whom, however, were in no way connected with the Associate Reformed Church. The General Synod did its work smoothly and successfully for six or seven years, and then trouble came. When the Associate Reformed Church was organized the Confession of Faith was adopted, pure and simple, as we have seen, with¬ out any explanation or limitation. Consequently the law of the Church on the subject of communion was contained in the twenty-sixth chapter and second section, which reads thus: “Saints by profession are bound to maintain a holy fellow¬ ship and communion in the worship of God, and in perform¬ ing such other spiritual services as tend to their mutual edi¬ fication, as also in relieving each other in outward things, according to their several abilities and necessities, which communion, as God offereth opportunity, is to be extended to all those who in every place call on the name of the Lord Jesus.” The Synod, however, felt the necessity of some limitation, and at its first meeting placed in the Little Con¬ stitution the following article: “The members of Synod * * * are willing, as God offereth opportunity, to extend communion to all who in every place call on the name of the Lord Jesus, in conformity to His will; but as occasional communion, in a divided state of the church, may produce great disorders if it be not conducted with much wisdom and moderation, they esteem themselves and the people under their inspection inviolably bound, in all ordinary cases^ to submit to every restriction of their liberty which general edi¬ fication renders necessary.” To this an explanatory note was appended, in which it is stated that “The principle expressed OF 52 HISTORY OF in this article is not a new principle adopted by the Synod. It is one of the received principles adopted by the Secession, and it is set in a very strong light in Chapter XXVI. of the Confession of Faith. * * * No objection can therefore be justly stated against it as it stands in the article but what may be made to it as it stands in the Confession of Faith. The application of the principle to particular cases may in¬ deed be attended with some difficulties. We are not, how¬ ever, accountable for these difficulties, as they arise from the divided state of the Church of Christ. The article is guarded, and cannot, without the most evident perversion, be con¬ strued as a license to hold unscriptural communion with other churches. It is the intention of the Synod not to go into connections with any denomination which are incon¬ sistent with the spirit of what is usually called the cove¬ nanted reformation.” The overture which was laid before Synod in 1789, and approved in 1790, declares in its illustra¬ tions of Chapter XXVI., among other things, “That a tem¬ porary, or what is called occasional communion with sister churches may lawfully, in some instances, take place, is what no man of understanding, who is not much pinched to sup¬ port some favorite and false hypothesis, will deny. The terms of it are not materially different from the terms of stated communion, only making allowance for a variety in innocent customs and forms. * * * By occasional com¬ munion we do not mean the admitting a person to our com¬ munion whom it would be sinful to continue in it, but a per¬ son who, on account of local circumstances, cannot continue in it.” When this overture was under discussion in the Synod of 1789, Messrs. Henderson, Smith and Hogan, gave in a paper at an extra-judicial conference among the mem¬ bers, in which, with some other demands, they ask: “Will this Synod give up the scheme of occasional communion in all ordinary cases and confine the privilege to the members of our own church ? ” It was promptly replied ‘ ‘ that the Synod never meant to allow it except in extraordinary cases.” To condense and formulate, the established law of the new church was that organic imion was not necessary for com¬ munion, yet as the Church of Christ was divided, and errors ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 53 were taught in some of its branches, lest these errors might be countenanced and discipline relaxed, communion in all ordinary cases should be confined to its members, and in ex¬ traordinary cases extended only to such as might under favorable circumstances be admitted to full communion; and this remained the law of the Associate Reformed Church in all its Synods down till the union of 1858. On the 25th of May, 1810, Dr. J. M. Mason resigned the pastoral care of the Cedar St. Church in New York, and with a small colony commenced the work of building up a third Associate Reformed congregation in the city. He had great difficulty in getting a suitable house in which to hold his services until their own church building should be erected in Murray street. In their strait the trustees of the Presbyterian congregation, of which the Rev. Dr. Romeyn was pastor, offered the use of their building at all such times as would not interfere with their own services. This was gladly ac¬ cepted, and Dr. Mason held his services immediately after the conclusion of Dr. Romeyn’s in both the forenoon and afternoon. A large part of Dr. Romeyn’s people were in the habit of remaining to hear Dr. Mason, and in this way the two congregations became very intimate. When the time came for Dr. Mason’s first communion his session resolved, in view of the intimate relations of the two congregations, and of the hospitality which they were receiving, to in¬ vite Dr. Romeyn’s congregation to unite with them. This was accepted, and when Dr. Romeyn’s communion occurred the courtesy was reciprocated. This was certainly a new departure in the history of the Associate Reformed Church, for the practice of her ministers had always been even more conservative and restrictive than her laws, and became the subject of very serious consideration by General Synod at its meeting in May, 1811. After all the facts had been ascer¬ tained, Messrs. Henderson and Dick moved, “That the Synod do declare their decided disapprobation of the deport¬ ment of said brethren (Mason, Matthews and Clarke) in the premises, and command them to return to the established order of this church.” This was negatived, and the follow¬ ing resolution, offered by Messrs. Dickey and Porter, was 54 HISTORY OF adopted, with only three negative votes: “That the judica¬ tories, ministers and members of the church be and they hereby are entreated and required to exercise mutual forbear¬ ance in the premises; and in the use of their discretion to observe mutual tenderness and brotherly love, studying to avoid whatever may be contrary thereto, and giving special heed to the preservation of sound and efficient discipline.’’ Upon this occasion Dr. Mason made a speech of over three hours, which was regarded as the ablest effort of his life, and was long known among his contemporaries as the mighty speech. He contended that his congregation had not violated the law of the church, because their circumstances were very peculiar and extraordinary, and that they had simply yielded to the necessities of their condition, and it was neither their desire nor intention to continue to do so after the completion of their own building. The action of General Synod gave great offence to the Synod of Scioto, which called a special meeting to condemn it. Remonstrances and petitions were brought up to every meeting of General Synod for several years from the Presby¬ teries of Kentucky and Monongahela, but nothing was accom¬ plished. As a consequence of this controversy. Dr. Mason published, in i8i6, his Plea for Sacramental Com^nunion on Catholic Principles.^ in which he took grounds much in ad¬ vance of what he had maintained in his speech before Synod, that the ''^members who hold acknowledged communion with the Head.^ whatever be their subordinate variance, ought also to hold communion with each other in those ordinances which mark their communion with the Head. ’ ’ He never favored indiscriminate or promiscuous communion; he insisted upon judging whether a man really was in communion with the ^^Head'^’’ before he would acknowledge him to be a '‘^me 7 n- ber.'*'* He defended the “doctrines of grace” with perhaps more zeal and ability than any man of his day, and to the last refused to hold “Christian fellowship with men who cor¬ rupt those precious doctrines which relate to the person, of¬ fices or work of the Saviour, to the way of the sinner’s accept¬ ance with God, or to the renewing and sanctifying work of the Spirit.” ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 55 The necessity for some improvement in the Scottish ver¬ sion of the Psalms was soon and strongly felt by the Associate Reformed Church, and the General Synod, in i8io, unani¬ mously Resolved^ That Drs. Mason and Gray, with Messrs. John X. Clark, James M. Matthews and Alexander Proudfit be and hereby are appointed a committee to procure an im¬ proved version of Scriptural Psalmody, and to have the same in readiness for such order as the General Synod shall see meet to make at the next stated meeting. ” Nothing valuable grew out of this movement, but this subject became incident¬ ally mixed up with the communion controversy, and in i8i6 the General Synod, against considerable and earnest opposi¬ tion, passed a resolution to allow congregations to use the version of the Psalms prepared by the Reformed Dutch Church. Only two or three congregations availed themselves of this liberty, and they only for a very short time. The Synod soon began to give decided evidence of prema¬ ture decay. Different causes combined to produce this. The communion and the Psalmody controversies did much towards dividing the church and alienating the confidence of brethren. Two or three unpleasant cases of discipline helped to weaken the bond of affection, particularly the quarrel between Mr. Rankin and Mr. Bishop, which was adjudicated by a commis¬ sion of the General Synod in such a way as to satisfy neither party and pretty thoroughly ruin the fortunes of the Kentucky Presbytery. There may have been a little lordly domination on the part of some; there certainly was considerable jealousy and suspicion on the part of others. The General Synod met every year in Philadelphia, and the delegates from the Synods of Scioto and the Carolinas, who had always to travel on horseback, could not as a general thing attend, and the power of the church became centralized and fell into the hands of a few. In 1817 the Synod of Scioto asked that the General Synod should meet, occasionally at least, in a more western and central place than Philadelphia, or, if this could not be done, that the church should be divided into two or more separate and independent Synods. Both of these re¬ quests were refused. The result of all these things combined was that the Synod of Scioto, at its meeting at Rush Creek, 56 HISTORY OF Fairfield Co., O., on the 27th of April, 1820, constituted itself into an independent Synod, under the title of the Associate Reformed Synod of the West. In 1821 the Synod of the Caro- linas petitioned the General Synod for a separate and inde¬ pendent organization. This was granted, and on the ist of April, 1822, it so constituted itself as the Associate Reformed Synod of the South. This left only the Synods of New York and Pennsylvania in connection with the General Synod. When General Synod met in Philadelphia in May, 1821, an overture was received from the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, then and there in session, proposing an organic union of the two churches. Committees were ap¬ pointed by both bodies to conduct the negotiations, and the following plan was agreed upon as a basis of union, viz: i. That the “different Presbyteries of the Associate Reformed Church should either retain their separate organization or be amalgamated with those of the General Assembly at their own choice.” 2. That “the Theological Seminary at Princeton, under the care of the General Assembly, and the Theological Seminary of the Associate Reformed Church should be con¬ solidated.” 3. That “the Theological Library and funds be¬ longing to the Associate Reformed Church should be trans¬ ferred, and belong to the Seminary at Princeton.” This plan was overtured to the Presbyteries. The General Synod met in Philadelphia on the 15th of May, 1822. Of the twe 7 ity-two delegates commissioned only sixteen attended. The Presbytery at Washington was en¬ tirely unrepresented, and there was one delegate absent from Saratoga and another from Big Spring. The overture in reference to union with the Presbyterian Church was taken up, and the Presbyteries of Washington and Saratoga reported unanimously against it; Big Spring against it, with a small minority in favor; New York and Philadelphia in favor, with a small minority in each against it. Notwithstanding this Presbyterial rejection, the subject was discussed at length for parts of four days, and then on Tuesday, the 21st of May, it was resolved ‘ ‘ That this Synod approve and hereby do ratify the plan of union between the General Assembly of the Pres¬ byterian Church and the Associate Reformed Church, pro- ASSOCIATE REFORMED CHURCH. 57 posed by commissioners from said churches.” The vote stood: YEAS. Rev. James Laurie, D. D., of the Presbytery of Philadelphia. Rev. Ebenezer Dickey, D. D., ” “ Rev. John M. Duncan, “ “ Elder Joseph Nourse, ” ” Elder James Martin, ” ” Elder Robert Patterson, “ “ Elder John Forsyth, of Murray St. Ch., N. Y. Pres. NAYS. Rev. Robert Forrest, of the Presbytery of Saratoga. Rev. James Otterson, “ ” ' Elder James Leffertz, “ ” Rev. Thomas Smith, of the Presbytery of Big Spring. Elder James McCulloch, “ “ SIUENT. Rev. William W. Phillips, of the Presbytery of New York. Rev. Robert B. E. McLeod, . ” ” Elder Robert Blake, “ ” Rev. John Lind, of the Presbytery of Big Spring. Objection was made by Mr. Smith that seven yeas did not constitute a majority of the Synod, and that the resolution was not adopted. The moderator. Dr. Laurie, decided that silent votes were to be reckoned with the majority, and that the resolution was carried. Those who voted in the minority protested against this action, because it was against the voice of the church, as a majority of its congregations, ministers and Presbyteries, were opposed to the union; and because it “was effected by the delegates from the Presbytery of Phila¬ delphia alone, only one member from the remaining four Pres¬ byteries voting in its favor.” It was well known that at least five of the six absent delegates were opposed to the union. A committee was appointed to transfer the library and the funds from New York to Princeton, and to report to the Gen¬ eral Assembly. Mr. J. Arbuckle, the stated clerk of Synod, and also pastor-elect of the Spruce St. Church in Philadel¬ phia, was one of this committee, and he asked and obtained 58 HISTORY OF leave of absence that he might go immediately to New York and attend to these removals before any legal obstacles could be placed in the way. The General Assembly was at once advised of all this action, and a union thanksgiving was held the next day in the Assembly’s house, when a psalm and a hymn were sung, a prayer offered by one of each party, and then the delegates to the General Synod were invited to take their seats forthwith in the Assembly as constituent members. Messrs. McLeod and Duncan and Elders Nourse and Patter¬ son took their seats on the following day. The others ex¬ cused themselves and returned home. The General Synod, or the union part of it, met on Thursday morning in synodic capacity, and adopted the draft of a pastoral letter to the churches in explanation and defence of their course, and di¬ rected Mr. Arbuckle, their clerk, to deposit all the minutes and documents of the General Synod with the session of the Spruce street congregation, “subject to the future disposal of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church.” They then sung, not the usual 133d Psalm, but the penitential 130th Psalm, and “finally adjourned.” Thus perished the old General Synod, after a somewhat troubled existence of only eighteen years, and with it perished the subordinate Synod of Pennsylvania, for the Presbytery of Philadelphia went into the Presbyterian Church as a distinct Presbyterial organization, in accordance with a provision in the plan of union, and the residuary portion of the Presbytery of Big Spring was gathered up by the Rev. Thomas Smith and committed to the care of the Monongahela Presbytery of the Synod of the West. In 1810 the General Synod passed an act “intermitting the functions of the subordinate Syn¬ ods,” and it is believed that the Synod of Pennslyvania obeyed this injunction and ceased to meet, so that as an intermediate court between its Presbyteries and the General Synod it had passed out of existence several years previously. ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 59 The Associate Reformed Synod of New York. HE General Synod’s act of i8io, intermitting the func- i tions of the subordinate Synods, was disregarded by the Synod of New York. At its next meeting it remonstrated against the act, and continued on in its course. In the au¬ tumn of 1812 it adjourned at Broadalbin to meet in New York city in May, 1814. This meeting did not take place, neither did it meet again until February, 1822. The meeting ap¬ pointed for 1814 was most likely prevented by the unsettled state of the country, produced by the war then existing be¬ tween the United States and Great Britain. The subsequent meetings were omitted from a sheer want of interest. The bitter and personal cotroversies upon Psalmody and commun¬ ion had so distracted and disheartened many of the ministers that they felt very much like letting everything outside of their pastoral charges go by default. The spirit of the body had been largely destroyed, but the action of the General Synod in 1821, in reference to a union with the Presbyterian Church, roused these northern ministers from their lethargy, and they resolved to labor still for the welfare of their mother church. Dr. Robert Proudfit, moderator of the Synod of 1812, called a special meeting at Galway, Feb. 13th, 1822. This meeting was well attended by ministers and elders from the Presbyteries of Washington and Saratoga. One elder only attended from the Presbytery of New York. The two following resolutions were passed with but one dissenting vote, that of the Rev. B. K. Maxwell, of Delhi: Resolved^ That, in the opinion of this Synod, the union proposed with the General Assembly is inexpedient, and calculated to dis¬ turb the peace of our churches. Resolved^ That this Synod will maintain its existence in its present form, whatever be 6 o HISTORY OF the decision of the General Synod upon the contemplated union.” It was then resolved to hold the next regular meet¬ ing at Newburgh, on the 13th of the following September. The Synod met in Newburgh, according to appointment, and was opened with a sermon from Col. i. 28, by the Rev. James Scrimgeour, senior minister, and was by him consti¬ tuted with prayer. This was its first meeting as an indepen¬ dent and supreme judicatory, and the Court of Chancery of New Jersey subsequently decided that it was the successor of the General Synod, or at least next of kin, and thus its legal heir. It contained thirteen ministers and about twenty-five congregations, some of which were very feeble. In 1824 the Synod resolved to organize itself into a Domes¬ tic Missionary Society, with an annual sermon, and subordi¬ nate societies in all the congregations, which should hold monthly meetings for prayer and information. The machin¬ ery was rather clumsy, and yet it was the means of developing considerable missionary spirit, and of securing liberal con¬ tributions. In 1823 propositions came from the West and from the South for some closer conneetion of the several fragments of the Associate Reformed Church. Negotiations upon this sub¬ ject were carried on for five years, and a convention of dele¬ gates from the three Synods was held at Pittsburgh, in Sep¬ tember of 1827, when a plan for the reorganization of a General Synod was agreed upon. The Synods did not ap¬ prove of the plan. The objections were the great extent of territory and the toil and expense of travel. The Synods, however, resolved to recognize each other as sister churches, and to reciprocate Christian and ministerial fellowship, and to accredit testimonials of private members, probationers and ministers precisely in the same manner as if they were con¬ nected in one ecclesiastical organization. During the month of September, 1826, William Morgan, of Batavia, N. Y., for revelations made by him, was abducted by some of his brother Masons and taken, by relays of horses, through Caledonia and Canandaigua, and back through Ro¬ chester and Lockport to the mouth of the Niagara river, and there put into a boat at night and taken out into Take Onta- ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 6l rio and seen no more. This produced a very great outburst of feeling throughout the whole country, and especially in west¬ ern New York. As it took place within the territory of the Synod of New York it was very natural that the subject of Masonry should come up before the Synod as a moral ques¬ tion, and it did in 1828, when, after mature deliberation, it was ''''Resolved^ That the multiplication and the nature of the oaths administered in the Masonic lodges are unwarranted in the word of God and demoralizing in their tendency; and that our church members be and are hereby enjoined not to connect themselves with the society; and any who may have been initiated are affectionately recommended to withdraw from any further connection with this institution. ’ ’ Excite¬ ment continued and even increased in both church and State, so that in 1830 it was further enacted “That this Synod will and hereby do express their decided disapprobation of the principles and usages of Free Masonry, as far as known to them, and warn their people solemnly and affectionately against all connection with the institution. That it be and hereby is enjoined upon church sessions, under the inspection of this Synod, to adopt the most prudent and effective meas¬ ures to remove the contamination from our churches.” A few private members of the church in Delaware county asked the privilege of retaining a silent membership in Masonry, by simply paying their dues without meeting in the lodge. But the Synod in 1831 answered “That the act of Synod, adopted at its last meeting, requires them to withdraw entirely from all connection with and subjection to the society of Free Ma¬ sons.” This position of Synod was never afterward ques¬ tioned or modified or in any way disturbed. In the early part of the XIXth century the use of ardent spirits by ministers as well as laymen was almost universal. Good men had not yet learned that there might be a criminal temptation in the mere use of intoxicating drinks as a bever¬ age. They were free to condemn drunkenness as a sin, but they supposed that its sinfulness arose from the abuse of that which, in moderation, was lawful. In 1828 the Synod of New York pronounced intemperance “a great prevailing evil in our country,” and directed its ministers “to preach 62 HISTORY OF against this vice, and that they and their elders show an ex¬ ample of the strictest temperance, abstaining in this matter even from the appearance of evil. ’ ’ The custom of the coun¬ try hitherto had been to have the bottle always upon the dinner table, upon all special occasions, whether it was at a Synod or a Presbytery, at a marriage or a funeral; but a public opinion began now to grow rapidly, which challenged the propriety and correctness of such a custom, and under its quickening influence the Synod in 1829 passed the following preamble and resolution: “Whereas, The expression of opinion, corroborated by a corresponding practice, has here¬ tofore and in other cases been useful in arresting the progress of intemperance; therefore. Resolved^ That this Synod disap¬ prove of the use of spirituous liquors as a beverage, and that they will themselves entirely abstain from it in all their meetings, and recommend to Presbyteries and Sessions to do the same.” Temperance societies began to spring up, in which the members pledged themselves at first to a modified and restricted use of liquors, and finally to a total abstinence. In 1833 the Synod passed an act approving of “the establish¬ ment of Temperance Societies on scriptural principles, and cordially recommends it to the members of the churches under its care to connect themselves with such societies.” The Synod had occasion to speak upon this subject at differ¬ ent subsequent times, and always condemned the use of spirituous liquors as a beverage. The Synod soon realized the absolute necessity of having some periodical under its control, or so connected with it that the homes of the families of the church could be easily reached through its pages. So it directed the establishment of a monthly periodical, to be called the Christia 7 i Magazme^ to be published in Geneva, N. Y., and to be edited by the Rev. John F. McLaren. This magazine was very creditably edited, and for eleven years did a good work for the church, and then from sundry causes it was suspended. The want of such an organ was now more painfully felt after having experienced its advantages; so in 1844 Synod ordered the es¬ tablishment of a similar magazine, to be published by the Rev. David L. Proudfit, in Newburgh, N. Y., and to be ASSOICATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 63 edited by the Rev. Dr. John Forsyth. This was the Chris¬ tian Instructor^ which was transferred to the Rev. J. B. Dales, in Philadelphia, in 1846, and published by him as a private enterprise. In 1859 it was converted into a weekly paper, and is still pu‘blished in Philadelphia. In 1835 a committee was appointed “to procure a version of the inspired Book of Psalms, so as to embrace a greater variety of metres, retaining our present version, with such amendments as, in a few instances, will render the metre more harmonious and the sense equally near the original.” This committee did more or less for twenty years, and the fruits of its labors contributed something towards the im¬ proved version subsequently adopted by the United Presby¬ terian Church. This movement was not properly understood by some of the congregations, and, in their misapprehension, they regarded it as a covert effort to get rid of the old Psalms, and from time to time memorialized Synod upon the subject. Then there were two or three of the ministers who claimed the privilege of conforming with the usage of other churches when worshipping with them under certain circumstances. These two facts conspired to bring the subject of Psalmody repeatedly before the Synod. The abstract question of a Scripture Psalmody was never involved in any of the debates. It was simply the degree of toleration under extraordinary circumstances, and the methods for the allaying of the fears of the people. The following final action was unanimously taken in 1842: Whereas, The subject of Psalmody has been under consideration of Synod for several years past; and whereas, fears have been entertained in some parts of the church that the Synod had in contemplation to lay aside a Scriptural Psalmody in singing the praises of God in His worship; the Synod consider it their daty to declare that it neither has been nor is now their wish or intention to lay aside the version now in use in singing the praise of God in His worship; therefore. Resolved^ That the version of the Book of Psalms now in use among us be exclusively used in singing the praise of God in His public and private worship in all the congregations under the care of Synod. Resolved^ That when our ministers preach in other churches they be and hereby are directed to adhere closely to the principle of a Scripture Psalm¬ ody, and in no case whatever to sing compositions merely human. The Synod in its independent career soon felt hampered 64 HISTORY OF and oppressed from a lack of ministers, and realized the im¬ perative necessity of establishing a Theological Seminary to supply the demand. Dr. Alexander Proudfit and the Rev. Robert Forrest were appointed to apply to the General As¬ sembly of the Presbyterian Church for 'the return of the li¬ brary and funds of the old Seminary, which had been, in 1822, transferred to Princeton. This they did in 1823, met with no encouragement. The Synod got along as best it could until 1829, when it was unanimously resolved “that the present time is the proper time for making a beginning in this good work.” A course of study was adopted. Dr. Joseph McCarrell was chosen professor, Newburgh, N. Y., was selected as the location, and the Seminary was opened in the autumn with three students. In 1830 it was resolved to make another effort towards the restoration of the library and funds. A memorial was drafted and placed in the hands of Dr. McCarrell and John Forsyth, Ksq., to be presented to the next General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church. It was also determined that this should be the last application, and if denied should be followed with a suit in the civil courts. In May, 1831, the commissioners appeared before the Assembly, and their memorial was re¬ ferred to a special committee, which brought in an adverse report. The Assembly did not adopt this report, but referred it and the memorial to the trustees of the Theological Semi¬ nary at Princeton, “for the purpose of investigating the claims of the memorialists, and if, in the judgment of said trustees, the property in question belongs either in law or equity to the Associate Reformed Synod of New York, the said trustees be hereby advised by this Assembly to deliver the property to the Synod aforesaid.” In April, 1832, the commissioners met with the Board of Trustees at Princeton, but the Board declined to decide upon the claim, and referred it back to the approaching Assembly with their advice to reject it. When the subject came up in the Assembly of 1832, Dr. McCarrell was present and asked the privilege of. being heard. This was refused. The read¬ ing of a written argument prepared by him was then offered and also declined. This Assembly was composed almost en- ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 65 tirely of different members from that of the previous year, and they had not heard a single word in defence of the claim; yet they refused to hear anything upon the subject, except the report of a select committee upon the opinion or paper of the trustees of the Seminary at Princeton. The conclusion was soon attained, and it was a positive rejection. This shut the door against all further friendly negotiation, and suit was commenced at once in the Court of Chancery, in the State ot New Jersey. The case lingered, like all such suits, until July, 1837, when the Chancellor decided in the Synod’s favor on every point presented in the claim. The trustees at Princeton surrendered at once the library and the fund, amounting to about twenty-five hundred volumes and two thousand dollars of money, all of which were transferred to Newburgh, where they still remain. The Synod having no Foreign Missionary enterprise ofi its own, some of its ministers and congregations identified themselves with the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. This Board always dispensed the Lord’s Supper during its annual meeting. Participation in these communion services became a practical question with those ministers who attended its meetings, one of whom was a cor¬ porate member of the Board. In 1838 the Synod instructed against any participation on these occasions—not because it was opposed to occasional communion under proper circum¬ stances, but because the Board made all the arrangements for these communion services, thereby implying that it had the right to administer the sealing ordinances of the church, and because of the miscellaneous character of the faith and prac¬ tice of the crowd which partook of the Supper. To prevent all misunderstanding upon this subject, and to show that the Synod stood firmly upon the original doctrine and general practice of the Associate Reformed Church, the following re¬ solutions were passed at this same meeting : Resolved, ist. That this Synod disapprove of the principle and practice of open communion, or that scheme of communion which would obligate or allow the ministers or members of the Associate Reformed Church to unite in sacramental communion with other churches, and the ministers and mem¬ bers of other churches to unite in communion with ours, on the ground merely of a general or partial agreement of opinion respecting the doctrines 5 66 HISTORY OF set forth in our Confession of Faith; and the Synod hereby enjoin all the ministers to conform to the constitutional doctrine of the Associate Reformed Church. Resolved, 2d. That occasional communion may be granted to members of other churches, only in extraordinary cases, on application made to the re¬ spective sessions where such cases may occur, and on the same terms on which applicants are received into stated communion. These same principles were reaffirmed in 1855, when the Synod united with the General Associate Reformed Synod of the West, and acquiesced in by that Synod. The subject of foreign missions was brought under special consideration in 1834, when the Synod fully recognized it to be a present duty to engage in this work, and directed the congregations to make it a matter of special prayer and to take measures for the collection of funds. In 1835 plans of operation were definitely formed and a board of foreign mis¬ sions appointed. For the sake of economy in the local ex¬ penses on the foreign field it was agreed to cooperate for the present with the “Western Foreign Missionary Society” of the Presbyterian Church, located at Pittsburgh. The Rev. James McEwen and wife were appointed as missionaries, and sailed in November, 1835, for India. They located at Allaha¬ bad, and met with immediate success in the gathering of a school and the organization of a congregation among those who were employed by the government and could speak the English language. But Mr. McEwen’s constitution was not suited to the climate, and his health completely failed, and in a little over a year he had to abandon the country and the work. The Synod remained for twelve years without a mis¬ sionary in the foreign field. Then, in December, 1850, the Rev. Gillian Eansing and wife sailed to join the Syrian mis¬ sion of the General Associate Reformed Synod of the West, and others soon afterwards followed. The anti-slavery feeling, which had been gradually and steadily growing in our country during the first part of this century, soon showed itself in the proceedings of the Synod. Plain people cannot comprehend that system of ethics which divides a man’s identity, and warrants him to do as a citizen that which it forbids him to do as a Christian. The first memorial upon the subject of slavery came in 1837, ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 67 from the congregation in Philadelphia. During the next ten years a number of memorials came from different quarters. But the uniform answer of the Synod was, that having no connection with slavery or slave territory, there was no call for a judicial or ecclesiastical utterance. This refusal to speak did not satisfy the conscience of many of the members and ministers of the Church. Slavery, in its relations and its spirit of extension, had become a practical question of every day life. A great political party, known as the “Free Soil,” had sprung into existence in opposition to it ; and on the other hand Congress had denied the right of petition on this subject, and had passed a law making it the duty of the north¬ ern man to help to return the fugitive slave to his southern master, and had permitted slavery to be carried into territory hitherto free. The Presbytery of Philadelphia, moved by these aggressions, memorialized the Synod in 1851 to issue a testimony against slavery as an “ enormous system of immoral¬ ity.” This memorial was referred to a select committee, and in due time Dr. Robert Proudfit brought in a majority report and the Rev. Andrew Bower a minority report. The major¬ ity report recommended that no testimony be issued, and the reasons for this refusal were three, which may be epitomized thus: Firsts That “special testimonies and warnings were only issued against dangerous errors and gross immoralities prevailing at the time, and within the bounds of our Church;” and as there was no slavery within the bounds of our Synod a testimony was not called for. Second^ That slavery is an institution wholly under the control of civil au¬ thority; and however iniquitous in its origin, the Church can have no control over its continuance, and has neither the right nor the power to abolish it, the kingdom of Christ being not of this world. Thirds That this is in accordance with the original and uniform policy of the Associate Re¬ formed Church. The report ended with a protest against any insinuation that may be made that this Synod is a pro¬ slavery Synod, from either its former or its present action on this subject. This report was adopted by a vote of thirteen ministers and fourteen elders in its favor, and eighteen min¬ isters and four elders in the negative. The question of slav¬ ery was never again brought to issue in the Synod. 68 HISTORY OF The question at issue, however, was not in reality the ab¬ stract right or wrong of slavery, but the right and the expe¬ diency of issuing testimonies in reference to civil institutions. The writer was present at this meeting and voted in the neg¬ ative, and deems it but just to say that every one of these men who voted for the report was conscientiously and avowedly opposed to slavery. The acknowledged leader, who spoke two hours against synodic action, was one of the first men who joined in the organization of the Republican party for the avowed purpose of antagonizing slavery. He did so, according to his theory, as a citizen in the perform¬ ance of a civil duty, and not as a minister in the discharge of an ecclesiatical duty. He and the most of those ministers who joined with him were not only conservative by natural temperament, but were now old men, whose habits of thought were stereotyped. They had learned in their youth that if the state must not handle things purely ecclesiastical, neither must the church deal with civil institutions. They held that Christians are in duty bound to leaven the world, and that they must do this not in the discharge of their eccle¬ siastical functions which are for those that are within, but by carrying their educated consciences and pure morality into the discharge of their duties as citizens. Thus they thought and labored and died. They were good men, and greatly beloved, and their memory is still fragrant. While the union movement between the Associate and the Associate Reformed Churches was slowly progressing, a pro¬ position was made to unite the Associate Reformed Synod of New York and the Associate Reformed General Synod of the West into one organization. The difficulties in the way were very few, and a basis was prepared by the Synod in 1854 and overtured to the Presbyteries. This basis was: 1. That the Confession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms, together with the Government and Discipline of the Church and the Directories for Public and Private Worship, as judicially ratified by the Associate Reformed Synod at Greencastle, May 31st, 1799, shall be the constitution and standards of the United Church in all matters relating to doctrines, governments, dis¬ cipline and worship, with this exception—that the appellate powers of the General Synod shall be confined simply to doctrine. 2. That the institutions and property, real and personal, now or hereafter to be under the control of the respective Synods, whether the legal title is ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 69 vested in them, or trustees, or individuals, shall so forever continue without any interference in any manner by the General Synod or any other particular Synod. Every Presbytery reported in 1855 in favor of the union on this basis. A committee was appointed to carry this action to the General Synod, then in session at Pittsburgh. It was there accepted, and the union was consummated and arrange¬ ments made for the first meeting of the new General Synod, to be held at Allegheny City, Pa., on the 28th of May, 1856. By this union the independence of the Synod, as a supreme judicatory, was terminated. It brought to the new General Synod 6 Presbyteries, 51 ministers, 7 licentiates, 48 congrega¬ tions, 3,850 families, 7,700 members, a theological seminary and several missionaries in the foreign field. 70 HISTORY OF The Associate Reformed Synod of the West. T he course of the General Synod, in reference to Commu¬ nion and Psalmody, was regarded as a grievance by the Synod of Scioto, and the latter proposed in i8i8 to the former that it should hold its meetings in a more central place than Philadelphia, that it might be more fully represented ; or failing in this, that it should divide the church into two or more independent Synods. The General Synod refused to do either, and then appointed a commission, clothed with judi¬ cial power, to go to Eexington and settle the troubles which were then afflicting the Presbytery of Kentucky. The Synod of Scioto, at its meeting in October, i8i8, gave an expression of its feelings by enjoining its three Presbyteries to report to the next meeting their judgment whether the Synod should at that meeting constitute itself into an independent Synod. Guided by the reports of its Presbyteries the Synod at its next meeting, on the 28th of Oct, 1819, adopted the following: ''''Resolved^ That the next meeting of this Synod be held at * * &c., and that this Synod will then constitute itself in¬ to an independent Synod, declaring, as they hereby declare, their strict adherence to the Confession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms, Form of Church Government and Direc¬ tors for Worship, as received at Greencastle on the 31st of May, 1799, and uniformly acted on as then understood till the year 1811, on which ground they will reciprocate ministerial and Christian conmmunion with the other branches of the Associate Reformed Church.” The Synod held its next meeting at Rush Creek, in Fair- field Co., O., where on the 27th of Ap., 1820, it re-afflrmed the resolutions of the previous meeting by a vote of seventeen ayes, two nays, and two silent, and then re-constituted itself ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF THE WEST. 71 as an independent Synod, under the name of The Associate Reformed Synod of the West. It contained the three Presby¬ teries of Monongahela, Kentucky, and Ohio ; about twenty ministers, several of whom were superannuated or otherwise inefficient, and more than twice as many congregations, many of which were very small. The Presbytery of Ken¬ tucky had indeed but little more than a nominal existence. From 1805 to 1810, the counties lying around Kexington con¬ stituted not only the garden spot of Kentucky but also of the Associate Reformed Church. This region gave more pro¬ mise of a rich future to the church than any other section of the whole country. The congregations were comparatively numerous ; the Academy of Kentucky was instituted, and the State endowed it with four thousand five hundred acres of land ; a majority of the professors in Transylvania University were ministers of the Associate Reformed Church ; even sub¬ scriptions were offered for the founding of a western Theolo¬ gical Seminary at Lexington, which it was expected would rival the one in New York under Dr. Mason ; and such pul¬ pit orators as Rankin, Bishop, and McCord were very scarce anywhere. But unhappily brotherly love ceased to flourish among the ministers, and jealousies and dissensions entered the Presbytery. A blight soon passed over the fair prospect, and when the Synod of the West was organized, the Aca¬ demy of Kentucky was closed and its lands all lost, the University of Transylvania was without an Associate Re¬ formed professor, the congregations shrunk to skeletons, and William H. Rainey was the only settled pastor and efficient minister in the Presbytery. All this from pure mismanage¬ ment, for the question of slavery had not yet been started to vex the churches, and when it was, a few years later, all of Ken¬ tucky became lost to the Synod. After assuming the responsibilities of an independent body the members of the Synod soon realized that the field for cul¬ tivation was very large and that the laborers were very few. They commenced at once to take measures for the training of ministers, and on the 28th of May, 1825, resolved to establish a theological seminary in Pittsburgh, Pa., and selected the Rev. Joseph Kerr, of St. Clair congregation, as its first pro- 72 HISTORY OF fessor. This institution was opened in December, of the same year, and still exists, and has educated more than seven hun¬ dred young men for the Christian ministry. A second theo¬ logical seminary was instituted in 1839, at Oxford, O., over which the Rev. Joseph Claybaugh was called to preside. The Synod also urged upon the Presbyteries the necessity of establishing classical schools or academies within their bounds, that they might become feeders to the Seminary by giving the facilities for the preparatory education. Quite a number of such schools were organized and conducted with efficiency and success. As an additional inducement and help, 2, young meri's fund was established in 1826 to aid indi¬ gent and pious young men in preparing for the ministry. From it young men could borrow to a certain amount and return the principal within five years, free of interest. It was the best the church could then afford, and it answ^ered its pur¬ pose, for it helped many students into the ministry, without doing anything towards pauperizing them in fact or in spirit. The First Presbytery of Ohio found some difficulty in de¬ termining whether the organization of a congregation was complete without deaco 7 ts^ and referred the question in 1824 to the Synod. The matter was kept under consideration for a number of years, and then indefinitely postponed. The prevailing opinion in Synod seemed to be that, as every lower office is included in those above, and as the Apostles did not evolve the office of deacon till the ministrations to the poor became so burdensome as to require a distinct class of men to conduct them, so every congregation should be left to deter¬ mine for itself when it may become necessary to evolve the office of deacon out of the office of ruling elder, and that the condition of one congregation should not be a law unto an¬ other. There was a time when most of the earnest, active anti¬ slavery sentiment in the country existed in the slaveholding States. Those who gave the original impulse to the anti¬ slavery sentiment in the church of the West, were generally those who had emigrated from the South. At a meeting of the Synod at Chillicothe, O., in May, 1826, a memorial upon the subject of slavery came from the congregation of Hope- ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF THE WEST. 73 well, Preble Co., O., a congregation which came as a colony from South Carolina. This started a series of discussions, which passed from synod to synod, until, at a meeting in Chillicothe again in 1830, the following was adopted: 1. Resolved, That the religion of Jesus Christ requires that involuntary slavery should be removed from the church as soon as an opportunity in the providence of God is offered to slave owners for the liberation of their slaves. 2. Resolved, That when there are no regulations of the State to prohibit it, when provision can be made for the support of the freedmen, when they can be placed in circumstances to support the rank, enjoy the rights and discharge the duties of freedmen, it shall be considered that such an oppor¬ tunity is afforded in the providence of God. 3. Resolved, That the Synod will, as it hereby does, recommend it to all its members to aid in placing the slaves which are within the jurisdiction of this Synod in the possession of their rights as freedmen; and that it be recommended to them especially to take up annual collections to aid the funds of the American society for colonizing the free people of color in the United States. 4. Resolved, That the practice of buying or selling slaves for gain by any member of this church be disapproved, and that slave owners under the jurisdiction of the Synod be, as they hereby are, forbidden all aggravations of the evils of slavery by violating the ties of nature, the separation of hus¬ band and wife, parents and children, or by cruel or unkind treatment; and that they shall not only treat them well, but also instruct them in useful knowledge and the principles of the Christian religion, and in all respects treat them as enjoined upon masters towards their servants by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ. The Synod in 1838 explained the second resolution by de¬ claring, “That an opportunity in the providence of God shall be considered as afforded, when the master can emancipate his slave and place him in circumstances where he shall not be liable to be immediately sold into bondage.” And in 1839 the following preamble and resolution were passed in refer¬ ence to the third resolution: “As there are two conflicting societies operating in the community—the Colonization and the Anti-Slavery Societies—and as this Synod has recom¬ mended the former to the patronage of the churches under its care, and as it is desirable the Synod should keep clear of this excitement, and as the church should not be involved by the operation of bodies over which it has no control; therefore. Resolved^ That this Synod withdraws the recommendation formerly given to the Colonization Society.” 74 HISTORY OF Public opinion in later days regarded the resolutions of 1830 as a very mild condemnation of slavery, while they were in reality a very advanced attainment upon this subject, and they served their purpose so well that the growing anti-slavery sentiment of the church never sought to disturb them, giving a good illustration of the fact that a mild law faithfully exe¬ cuted is always more efficacious for good than a severer law imperfectly enforced. The Synod was in earnest, and did design to execute all that it had ordained, for in 1832 it issued a Letter of Warning, and spoke of these resolutions thus: Now, brethren, it is expected that the foregoing resolutions will not be as a dead letter, but be respected and reduced to practice. It is expected that Sessions and Presbyteries will see them enforced. It is expected that slave owners in the church will make conscience of seeking and improving oppor¬ tunities, and the very first which offer, of liberating their slaves. It is ex¬ pected that in the meantime they will give satisfactory evidence to then- respective Sessions that they do consider slavery a moral evil, and that they do truly desire to get rid of it as soon as they can, and that it is their inten¬ tion to embrace the first opportunity which God in His providence shall give them for so doing. And it is expected of Sessions that they will require this of slave-owning church members or applicants, etc. The abduction of Morgan in 1826 produced a very sudden and very violent anti-Masonic excitement throughout the whole land, which made its appearance in Synod in 1829, through the instrumentality of the Presbytery of Mononga- hela, and when it did come it came perhaps fully as much in the interest of a political party, then forming, as in vindica¬ tion and furtherance of the truth. The Synod did not dis¬ cuss the abstract question of Masonry, but instituted an inquiry to see how far the church was contaminated with it; and finding that the Synod was virtually free from it, agreed, upon the motion of Messrs. Kerr and Porter, that, “Whereas, A reference from the Presbytery of Monon- gahela, relative to Masonr}q has been brought before this Synod; and whereas^ it is believed that the practice of Free Masonry is contrary to the Standards of this Church; and whereas^ on inquiry being made, it has been ascertained that the several ministers of this Synod are in the practice of de¬ taining from sealing ordinances those who take unlawful oaths; therefore. Resolved^ That the Synod take no further notice of the subject.” ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF THE WEST. 75 The subject of secret societies in a more general form came before the General Synod at its meeting in Pittsburgh in 1846, when the following action was taken: 1. Whereas, The society of Odd Fellows have been and still are making special efforts to revive and secure popular favor to the principle of secret associations, and especially to give the appearance of morality and religion by the names of ministers of the gospel; and whereas^ we regard the princi¬ ple itself as inconsistent with the character of true Christianity and highly dangerous to our civil institutions ; therefore. Resolved^ That this Synod do hereby express its disapprobation of said society, and warn our people that persistence in a connection with it must subject such as do so to the disci¬ pline of the church. 2. Whereas, The order of the Sons of Temperance, though having a more simple object, and free from oaths, is nevertheless organized on the principle of secret associations, thereby sanctioning it; therefore. Resolved, That, in the judgment of this Synod, it is the duty of professing Christians to stand aloof from its entanglements, and not to give it their sanction or encouragement. The custom of the country in the early part of the nine¬ teenth century not only permitted the use of spirituous liquors as a beverage, but almost exacted it as a token of hospitality. Friendship would not withhold the cup, and would scarcely even allow its rejection. Even ministers in the performance of their pastoral duties were expected to drink, and this was the secret of the fall of not a few of them. Against all this the conscience of good men finally revolted, and a great tem¬ perance movement was inaugurated. The Synod gave its first deliverance upon this subject in 1834 in the passage of the following resolutions: 1. That the practice of using ardent spirit as a drink, or mode of express¬ ing our hospitality to a friend, is calculated to do much injury to society, and, in view of the benevolent effort now in progress for the suppression of intemperance, is calculated to expose the Christian character to reproach ; and, therefore, that it be recommended to all the members of the churches under our care to abstain from it. 2. That while it is not maintained that the manufacture and vending of ardent spirits are, in themselves, immoral, yet, in consideration of the very general abuse of the article, it is recommended to all under our care to ab¬ stain from both. 3. That whilst it is the province of the ordinances of the gospel alone, under the Divine blessing, to produce and promote temperance as a Chris¬ tian grace, and whilst it is left to the discretion of individuals to promote the cause of temperance as a social virtue in that mode which to them may appear most efficacious, yet a temperance society, established upon proper 76 HISTORY OF principles, is well calculated to promote this latter kind of temperance, and is not liable to any serious objections. These same views were re-affirmed by the General Synod in 1841, in language more positive and emphatic. Scarcity of men and money compelled the Synod to culti¬ vate its missionary fields for a few years just as it could. But an increase of resources called for some system which would secure greater efficiency. The discussion of plans be¬ gan as early as 1829, Synod resolved to leave the disposal of all licentiates and unsettled ministers to a Committee of Missions to be composed of a minister and an elder from each Presbytery, to serve for seven years, and one- seventh of them to be chosen every year, and to sit during the meeting of the Synod. When the Synod was converted into a General Synod, composed of delegates from the Pres¬ byteries, the long term of service could not be maintained, and then the committee was changed to one from each Presbytery of the delegates present that year. It thus con¬ tinued until the union of 1858, and the system was then transferred to the United Presbyterian Church. In the constitution of the Associate Reformed Church pro¬ vision was made for the emitting of occasional testimonies from time to time to protect the doctrinal purity and practi¬ cal piety of the church from prevailing errors and immorali¬ ties. In accordance with this the Synod at its meeting in Cadiz, O., in 1825, prepared and issued an exhaustive and elaborate testimony against “Hopkinsian, Socinian and semi-Socinian errors as prevalent in the present day.” Other testimonies of this kind were issued by the Synod in 1832: one in reference to the Sabbath; another upon revi¬ vals as conducted with the anxious-bench machinery; another upon evil speaking, and another upon slavery; and still another in 1853 “on the neglected duty of honoring the Lord with our substance.” This last is seasonable at all times and concludes thus: The following opinions are of bad practical tendency, and as such we condemn them, and testify against them : I. That the common education of children and domestics may be ne¬ glected without sin, and that we are under no obligation to assist in the education of other children than our own. ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF THE WEST. 77 2. That we are not obliged to assist the poor, unless they are church members and worthy persons. 3. That we are not bound to assist with our substance in relieving the oppressed, unless we personally assisted in inflicting the oppression. 4. That it is either sinful or dangerous to assist societies which are moral and benevolent in their character and operations. 5. That Christians may discharge all their duties and yet neglect to sup¬ port the Gospel as God has prospered them. 6. That men have no rule but their own fancy and pleasure to guide them in supporting the Gospel and aiding benevolent societies. After years of deliberation the Synod resolved, in 1837, that it was their present duty to engage in the foreign mis¬ sionary work, and accepted Mr. Wilson Blain’s offer to join Mr. McBwen, of the New York Synod, in India. Before Mr. Blain was ready to depart, Mr. McBwen was compelled by ill health to return. Other things intervened, and for the time being the enterprise was abandoned. In 1841 the General Synod “resolved that the ministers be requested, as speedily as possible, to take up collections to be appropriated to the support of Mr. Campbell, which collec¬ tions shall be forwarded to the treasurer of Synod, to be paid over by him to the treasurer of the Mercer County Missionary Society.” Denominational Missionary Boards were not yet established, and nearly all the missionary work done outside the American Board was done through the agency of local voluntary societies. This Mercer County Society was com¬ posed of members of the Presbyterian, the Associate, the As¬ sociate Reformed and the Covenanter Churches, and had sent out, in Nov., 1835, the Rev. James R. Campbell, of the Re¬ formed Presbyterian Church. He and Mr. McBwen sailed together. This was only a temporary assistance to meet an emergency, for in 1842 the General Synod “resolved that we will endeavor in reliance on the Great Head of the Church to send out at least one missionary to Palestine by the first of Oct., 1844.” In tbe winter of 1844-45 Rev. James Bar¬ nett and his brother-in-law, J. G. Paulding, M. D., sailed for Syria, and located in Damascus. The Synod continued actively and successfully in this foreign work. The baptism of adopted children gave to the Synod some trouble, but after much time spent in its discussion the fol¬ lowing preamble and resolution.were adopted in 1837: 78 HISTORY OF Whereas, In relation to the principle embraced in the resolution ap¬ pended to the report under consideration, viz: ^'Resolved, That where an infant child is taken out of the world and adopted into a family, one of whose heads is a member, or both of whose heads are members of the Chris¬ tian Church, it is entitled to baptism,” and the practice founded on it, there has existed from the days of the Reformation some diversity of opinion in the church; and whereas, It is a subject which calls for the exercise of Christian forbearance; therefore. Resolved, That it be left to the discretion of Sessions to act in all such cases as may seem to be most conducive to Christian edification. In 1836 the Synod accepted an invitation from the Re¬ formed Presbyterian Church to meet in convention, and see if the Reformed Churches in America could agree to unite and form but one organization. It sent delegates to the first convention held for this purpose in 1838, in Pittsburgh, and to every subsequent convention until the union of 1858 was consummated. The Synod of the West had become unwieldly because of the extent of its territory, and sought relief in 1839 by the adoption of the following expedient: 1. That this Synod be divided into two Synods, and a General Synod (by delegation) be organized. 2. That there be two sub-Synods, the one composed of the Lake, Big Spring, Monongahela, Wheeling, Second Ohio and Mansfield Presbyteries ; the other composed of the Chillicothe, First Ohio, Springfield and Indiana Presbyteries. 3. That the former of these sub-Synods be denominated the First Associate Reformed Synod of the West; and the other the Second Associate Reformed Synod of the West. 4. That the General Synod shall have no appellate jurisdiction except in cases of doctrine. 5. That the General Synod in all matters overtured to the Presbyteries shall be governed in their decision by the majority of an entire vote of the church thus obtained. 6. That the General Synod shall have its first meeting at New Concord, O., on the second Wednesday of June, 1841, and be opened with a .sermon by the Rev. Joseph Claybaugh. 7. That the sub-Synods, after their organization, shall each have the ex¬ clusive direction of the Seminary within its bounds. 8. That a committee of three be appointed to effect an equal division of the funds and property held by Synod for Seminary purposes as soon as practicable. In 1852 all the territory belonging to the Second Synod, lying west of the State of Indiana, was erected into a sub- Synod, denominated the Synod of Illinois. ASSOCIATE REFORMED SYNOD OF THE WEST. 79 The General Synod had several ministers and congrega¬ tions in the Territory of Oregon, and so had the Associate Synod. These ministers believed that they could serve Christ with more efficiency if united into one body. To this the General Synod not only cordially consented, but directed a collection to be taken up in all its congregations in aid of “our brethren in Oregon.” This union took place in 1852, when the “United Presbytery of Oregon” was organized, and remained without any immediate and direct connection with the eastern churches until the union of 1858 made them all one. The constitution of the Associate Reformed Church had always confined the right of voting for a pastor to the male members. The justice of this restriction was often called in question, and so the whole matter of voting was sent down in overture to the Presbyteries. In accordance with the answers returned the following action was taken in 1853: Resolved^ That Synod affirm that the right of voting for pastors is now ex¬ tended to all communing members in the Associate Reformed Church. Resolved^ That in accordance with the vote of the several Presbyteries, the extension of the privilege of voting in the temporalities of the church, to pew-holders, and those supporting the ordinances, be left discretionary with the Sessions. While the matter of union with the Associate Church was progressing slowly, the Synods of New York and of the West of the Associate Reformed Church concluded that it would be wise and expedient to try a closer union among themselves. After two or three interchanges of commissioners a union was effected in May, 1855, upon the simple constitution of the As¬ sociate Reformed Church as originally adopted in 1799, and the first meeting of the General Synod of the Associate Re¬ formed Church of North America convened in Allegheny City, Pa., on the 28th of May, 1856. This organization con¬ tinued only three years, during which time it consummated a union with the Associate Synod, and in 1858 was merged into the United Presbyterian Church of North America, bringing about 210 ministers, 30 probationers, 360 congrega¬ tions and 30,000 communicants as its contribution to the new organization. 8o HISTORY OF The United Presbyterian Church of North America. I N 1836 the Rev. Hugh McMillan, chairman of a committee of the Reformed Presbyterian Church (N. S.), sent a com¬ munication to the Associate Reformed Synod of the West, proposing a convention of delegates from the Scottish Presby¬ terian Churches to see if a closer union could be effected. The Synod accepted the invitation and passed the following reso¬ lutions: I. That the union of the different branches of the Christian church on Scriptural principles is an object worthy of the attention, the prayers and the most vigorous efforts of this Synod. 2. That the above object may, in the judgment of this Synod, be greatly subserved by a convention of the more orthodox churches. 3. That this Synod is ready to confer by delegation with other orthodox churches on the great subject of ecclesiastical union at any time and place that may be mutually agreed on. Similar invitations w^ere sent to the other Synods and re¬ sulted in a convention, which assembled in Pittsburgh, Oct. 17, 1838. The delegates in attendance were Dr. J. T. Pressly, the Rev. Joseph R. Kerr and the Rev. William Wallace, from the Associate Reformed Synod of the West; Dr. John Mcjim- sey, the Rev. Donald C. McRaren and Elder William McKee, from the Associate Reformed Synod of New York; and Dr. John Black, the Rev. William Wilson and Elder Daniel McMillan, from the Reformed Presbyterian Synod (N. S.) Several days were spent in fraternal conference and in de¬ votional exercises. Their work was a preparatory w^ork, and special consideration was given to the course which should be pursued while yet in a divided state to promote a nearer approximation preparatory to organic union. After a full and free interchange of views it was UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 8l Resolved, As the judgment of this Convention that the ministers of the churches here represented may interchange pulpits; and it is recommended to both ministers and people to unite, as often as opportunity offers, in meet¬ ings for prayer and other religious exercises. An address was also prepared to the Christian public on the subject of the union of the churches, and an invitation to another convention was given to all those churches which are agreed in adhering to a Scriptural Psalmody. A second convention assembled in Philadelphia on the 29th of Sept., 1839, and was composed of delegates from the same three Synods. On this occasion there was a free interchange of views on those subjects on which it had been supposed that there existed some diversity of opinion which might present some difficulty in the way of union, such as Psalmody, com¬ munion, slavery, testimony-bearing and covenanting. To the surprise of some of the brethren it was found that there existed a remarkable degree of harmony. Provision was made for another convention, and a special invitation was given to the Associate Synod. This third convention met in May, 1841, and was attended only by delegates from the churches previously represented. It continued in the same line of hunting for hindrances as its predecessors had done. The fourth convention convened in Philadelphia in May, 1842, when delegates also appeared from the Associate Synod. For the benefit of the new comers the matter of differences and hindrances was again gone over, and the result was the unanimous adoption of the following: Resolved, That, having discussed the prominent subjects upon which a diversity of sentiment was apprehended to exist, it appears there is such a degree of unanimity on these subjects that there is encouragement for the Convention to take further measures towards a visible ecclesiastical union. By this time it became very evident that there was no greater difference in the views of the delegates of the different churches than existed among the ministers of any one of them, and that no church would, in the event of a union, be called upon to tolerate in those from the other churches any thing more than was already tolerated in its own. There was virtually no difference in dogma, and the great difficulty hinged upon the modes of expression and the methods of ex¬ hibition. The Associate Reformed Church at its organiza- 6 82 HISTORY OF tion altered those portions of the Confession of Faith which define the powers of the civil magistrate circa sacra^ so as to make them express clearly the belief of the church. The Associate and the Reformed Churches retained the original text in their Confession of Faith, and then in their Testimony explained the sense in which they received it. Yet all the churches held a common doctrine, and only differed as to where and how they should proclaim it. The Associate Re¬ formed Church held the Confession of Faith and Catechisms, Presbyterial form of Church Government and Directory of Worship as her fixed testimony^ and also promised to emit occasional testimonies in defence of the truth and in oppo¬ sition to error, as circumstances might require. The other churches added to the Confession of Faith a Narrative and Judicial Testimony as being of equal authority. All the churches held the doctrine in common that the Church must bear witness for the truth and against error. The difference consisted in the manner or the method. As no principle was involved, some compromise in the matter of preference must be made, and it was finally agreed, in 1844: That, in the judgment of this convention, a union between the bodies here represented can be effected only by an alteration of the Westminster Confession of Faith, in the 20th, 23d and 31st chapters, and the adoption of a Judicial Testimony against prevailing and dangerous errors of the present time; and, therefore, that these matters be referred to the Supreme Judica¬ tories of our respective denominations. A committee was appointed to prepare a basis of union in accordance with the above form, and their report was re¬ ceived and adopted by the seventh convention, which met in Philadelphia on the 21st of May, 1845. combined the Confession and Testimony by appending to each chapter a list of errors testified against. This basis was not satisfactory to any of the Synods, and another convention assembled in Pittsburgh on the 8th of Sept., 1846. This convention be¬ came somewhat famous for its refusal to proceed. It was in reality the turning-point in the fortunes of the union, and yet being misunderstood, was misrepresented and condemned by very many. For the vindication of history and the teaching of a very important lesson, it may be proper to speak of it a little more in particular. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 83 The Convention was full, with three from each of the four Synods represented, and Mr. Davidson from the Reformed Dissenting Presbytery. A new basis of union had to be con¬ structed, and ten subjects were scheduled as covering all the supposed points of difference. These were formulated to the satisfaction of all during the deliberations of six days, and a committee of four was appointed to draft the necessary docu¬ ments, and the convention then adjourned until the next May, just preceding the annual meetings of the Synods rep¬ resented. On the 18th of May, 1847, the Convention re-assembled in the Reformed Presbyterian Church in Pittsburgh. Drs. McLaren and Dales of the Synod of New York, and Dr. Davidson of the Reformed Dissenting Presbytery were absent, and Dr. Pressly was present in place of Dr. W. Wallace from the Synod of the West. Drafts of all the documents for a basis of union were presented, except that of a book of dis¬ cipline. The draft of a testimony prepared by Dr. Anderson was read and referred to a committee of one from each Synod, ‘ ‘ to report such alterations and modifications as they may see proper.” David McDill, John N. McLeod, Abraham Ander¬ son and James B. Scouller, composed this committee. Three of these stated that the testimony read would not be accept¬ able to their Synods, and that it could not be so amended as to make it acceptable, so the committee, without any debate, reported a recommendation to the convention, ‘ ‘ that further proceedings in the effort for organic union among the churches represented be stayed for the present. ’ ’ This recommendation was discussed for half a day, and it was then Resolved^ That the propositions adopted by the convention in September last on the real or supposed points of difference between the churches rep¬ resented in this convention, with the votes on them in all cases where they are recorded, be laid before the Synods at their approaching meeting, that they may take such action on them as in their judgment they may deem proper. Resolved, That this convention finds nothing more that it can do at pres¬ ent in furtherance of the object of its appointment. Resolved, That the Synods represented in the convention be recommended to prosecute the contemplated union by convention, by committees of cor¬ respondence, or in whatever other way they may deem most promising. The General Synod of the West met immediately after the 84 HISTORY OF convention, and being unwilling to relinquish her efforts for a union, appointed delegates to any future convention which might be called. So did the Associate Reformed Synod of New York, and the Associate Synod; while the Reformed Presbyterian Church withdrew entirely from all further efforts. The delegates met in Pittsburgh in the autumn, and amended and adopted the Anderson Testimony, and reported it to their Synods, and, as predicted by the May convention, it was accepted by none. All the members of the convention in May, 1847, dead except the writer, and he may be allowed to say that those who voted for its sudden termination were not in any sense opposed to the union sought. They were its most ardent friends, more so than those who voted for going on, but they were most thoroughly satisfied, from considerable personal experience, that the present methods would never accomplish the object desired, and that the whole business had better be begun in the new. Nine annual conventions had been held, and the difficulties to be removed were posi¬ tively increasing instead of diminishing. And what else could be expected ? Every convention gave the first and best part of its labors to the hunting up of difficulties and differ¬ ences of views. If enough of these could not be readily found, little things were magnified, and mole-hills were made into mountains, so as to accomplish the task. There was no greater diversity of views among the different delegates at any meeting than was to be found among the ministers of each one of the bodies represented; and if slight differences could be tolerated in the Synod, why not in the convention, and in the united body? But the negotiations had generally been confided to a few theological experts, and they must sustain their reputation and develop shades of differences without paying any attention to the almost endless catalogue of agreements. The necessary results of such hypercriticism were suspicion, distrust, an improper magnifying of little things, and a wrangle over metaphysical abstractions which should never appear in the creed of any church. A cordial union could never be effected by such means. The scalpel and the microscope must give place to softer, warmer and gentler agencies. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 85 The sudden and abrupt termination of this convention, which would not stay even to consider documents which had been prepared with only too much care, startled the churches and touched the hearts of the masses who yearned for union and were willing to bear and forbear much that the outgoings of their affections might be gratified. The union feeling re¬ ceived no check, but a positive quickening. It became wider and deeper. Henceforth the methods of operation were kept nearer to the people, and were confined to synodic as¬ semblies, where all the ministers and many of the elders had a voice. A regular correspondence now commenced between the Associate and the General Associate Reformed Synods, which terminated in the offer of a Basis of Union by the former to the latter, which affair being overtured to the Pres¬ byteries, was adopted in 1857 by the General Synod. The action of the Associate Synod upon this occasion was: 1. Resolved^ That the basis which has been in overture be and it hereby is adopted as a basis of union with the Associate Reformed Church, the declarations without amendment, and the argument and illustrations in their amended form, as a useful guide to the meaning of the declarations. 2. Resolved, That it be transmitted to the Associate Reformed Synod for their concurrence. The General Associate Reformed Synod responded thus: Resolved, That the Associate Reformed Church does hereby declare her acceptance of the Testimony proposed as a basis of union by the Associate Synod, and overtured by the General Synod of 1856 to the Presb5rteries, in the confidence that any modifications or amendments necessary to harmonize said basis with the faith and practice held in common by the two churches, or render it more entirely acceptable, will be in due time effected by the United Church, and in the confidence that reasonable forbearance will be exercised toward any member of either body that may feel constrained to dissent from any article in this basis. As the time approached for the consummation of the union, those who had labored and prayed for it became very anxious that peace, harmony and unanimity might characterize it. To aid in this result a convention was called to meet in Xenia, O., on the 24th of March, 1858, to seek by united prayer the outpouring of the Holy Spirit upon the churches, that they might be enabled to come together in true love and confidence. A very large number of ministers and laymen from abroad assembled and spent nearly three days in prayer 86 HISTORY OF and praise and conference, with the happiest effect, and then adjourned to meet in Allegheny, in May, just before the as¬ sembling of the Synods, where the same delightful experi¬ ence was repeated. Under these circumstances the two Synods met on the 19th of May, 1858, the Associate in Pittsburgh and the Associate Reformed in Allegheny, when the following joint action was taken by both Synods: Whereas, It is understood that the Testimony submitted to the General Synod of the Associate Reformed Church by the Associate Synod was pro¬ posed and accepted as a term of communion, on the adoption of which the union of the two churches was to be consummated: And Whereas^ It is agreed between the two churches that the forbearance in love, which is required by the law of God, will be exercised towards any brethren who may not be able fully to subscribe the standards of the united church, while they do not determinedly oppose them, but follow the things which make for peace and things wherewith one may edify another. 1. Resolved, That these churches, when united, shall be called the United Presbyterian Church of North America. 2. Resolved, That the respective Presbyteries of these churches shall re¬ main as at present constituted until otherwise ordered, as eonvenience shall suggest. 3. Resolved, That the supreme court of this church shall be a General Assembly, to meet annually, to be composed of delegates from the respec¬ tive Presbyteries, the number of delegates to be according to the proportion of the members constituting each Presbytery, as now fixed by the rules of the Associate Reformed Church, until a change shall be found expedient. 4. Resolved, That there shall be subordinate Synods, and these shall be the same as those now existing in the Associate Reformed Church, to which Synods the different Presbyteries in the Associate Church shall attach them¬ selves for the present according to their location: Provided, That the sepa¬ rate Synods and Presbyteries of the said Associate Reformed and Associate Churches shall also continue as at present constituted until otherwise di¬ rected. 5. Resolved, That the General and Subordinate Synods shall be regulated according to the rules presently in force in the Associate Reformed Chmch until the United Church shall see fit to alter such rules. 6. Resolved, That the different Boards and institutions of the respective churches shall not be affected by this union, but shall have the control of their funds, and retain all their corporate or other rights and privileges until the interests of the church shall require a change. 7. Resolved, That these and other regulations found necessary, being agreed upon by the respective Synods at the present meeting, the two Synods shall meet at such place as shall mutually be agreed upon, and after ad¬ dresses by Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Pressly, the Rev. J. P. Smart and the Rev. J. Prestley be constituted with prayer by the senior moderator, after which a moderator and clerk shall be chosen by the United Church. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 87 In accordance with the arrangements thus made, the two Synods met together in the City Hall of Pittsburgh, at 10 o’clock, on the 26th day of May, 1858, and after prayer and praise and the contemplated addresses the new body was con¬ stituted with prayer by the Rev. Dr. Donald C. McLaren, moderator of the Associate Reformed General Synod, and Dr. John T. Pressly was elected by acclamation as moderator of the united body, and Dr. Samuel Wilson as its first stated clerk. The Basis of Union was the Westminster Confession of Faith, with a modification in reference to the power of the civil magistrate circa sacra^ the Catechisms, Larger and Shorter, and a Judicial Testimony. The Directory for Wor¬ ship and the Book of Discipline of both churches were al¬ lowed to be used until others should be prepared. The Judi¬ cial Testimony covered important subjects which had not been embraced in the Confession, or not sufficiently elabo¬ rated to meet present circumstances. It consists of eighteen Declarations^ with arguments and illustrations. The argu¬ ments and illustrations are only designed to be useful helps, and not authoritative utterances. These declarations were as follows: 1. We declare. That God has not only in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments made a revelation of His will to man as the only rule of faith and practice, but that these Scriptures, viewed as a revelation from God, are in every part the inspired word of God, and that this inspiration extends to the language as well as to the sentiments which they express. 2. We declare, That our Lord Jesus Christ is not only true and supreme God, being one in essence with the Father, but also the Son of God, in re¬ spect to his natural, necessary and eternal relation to the Father. 3. We declare. That God having created man in a state of perfect holi¬ ness, and in possession of a perfect ability to obey Him in all things, did enter into a covenant with him, in which covenant Adam was the represen¬ tative of all his natural posterity, so that in him they were to stand or fall, as he stood or fell. 4. We declare. That our first parents did, by their breach of covenant with God, subject themselves to His eternal wrath, and bring themselves into such a state of depravity as to be wholly inclined to sin, and altogether unable by their own power to perform a single act of acceptable obedience to God; and that all their natural posterity, in virtue of their representation in the covenant, are born into the world in the same state of guilt, depravity and inability, and in this state will continue until delivered therefrom by the grace and righteousness of the Lord Jesus Christ. 88 HISTORY OF 5. We declare^ That our Lord Jesus Christ did, by the appointment of the Father, and by His own gracious and voluntary act, place Himself in the room of a definite number, who were chosen in Him before the foundation of the world, so that He was their true and proper legal security; and as such did, in their behalf, satisfy the justice of God, and answer all the de¬ mands which the law had against them, and thereby infallibly obtain for them eternal redemption. 6. We declare, That in justification there is an imputation to the believer of that righteousness, or satisfaction and obedience, which the Lord Jesus Christ, as the surety of His people, rendered to the law; and that it is only on the ground of this imputed righteousness that his sins are pardoned and his person accepted in the sight of God. 7. We declare, That the gospel, taken in its strict and proper sense, as distinguished from the law, is a revelation of grace to sinners as such, and that it contains a free and unconditional offer and grant of salvation through Christ to all who hear it, whatever may be their character or condition. 8. We declare. That in true and saving faith there is not merely an assent of the mind to the proposition that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Saviour of sinners, but also a cordial reception and appropriation of Him by the sinner as his Saviour, with an accompanying persuasion or assurance corresponding to the degree or strength of his faith that he shall be saved by Him, which appropriation and persuasion are founded solely upon the free and uncondi¬ tional and unlimited offer of Christ and salvation in Him, which God makes in the gospel to sinners of mankind. 9. We declare. That the repentance which is a saving grace is one of the fruits of a justifying faith, and of course cannot be regarded as a ground of the sinner’s pardon, or as necessary to qualify him for coming to Christ. 10. We declare. That although the moral law is of perpetual obligation, and consequently does and ever will bind the believer as a rule of life, yet as a covenant he is by his justification through Christ completely and forever set free from it, both as to its commanding and condemning power, and con¬ sequently not required to yield obedience to it as a condition of life and sal¬ vation. 11. We declare. That the Holy Spirit, the third person of the Trinity, does, by a direct operation accompanying the Word, so act upon the soul as to quicken, regenerate and sanctify it; and that without this direct opera¬ tion the soul would have no ability to perceive in a saving manner the truths of God’s Word or yield to the motives which it presents. 12. We declare. That our Lord Jesus Christ, besides the dominion which belongs to Him as God, has, as our God-man mediator, a two-fold dominion with which He has been invested;by the Father as the reward of His suffer¬ ings. These are a dominion over the Church, of which He is the li\dng head and law-giver, and the source of all that divine influence and authority by which she is sustained and governed; and also a dominion over all created persons and things, which is exercised by Him in subserviency to the mani¬ festation of God’s glory in the system of redemption and the interests of His church. 13. We declare. That the law of God, as written upon the heart of man, and as set forth in the scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is supreme UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 89 in its authority and obligations, and that where the commands of the Church or State are in conflict with the commands of this law, we are to obey God rather than man. 14. We declare, That slave-holding, that is the holding of unoffending human beings in involuntary bondage and considering and treating them as property, and subject to be bought and sold, is a violation of the law of God and contrary both to the letter and spirit of Christianity. 15. We declare, That all associations, whether formed for political or benevolent purposes, which impose upon their members an oath of secrecy or an obligation to obey a code of unknown laws, are inconsistent with the genius and spirit of Christianity, and church members ought not to have fel¬ lowship with such associations. 16. We declare. That the church should not extend communion, in sealing ordinances, to those who refuse adherence to her profession or subjection to her government and discipline, or who refuse to forsake a communion which is inconsistent with the profession that she makes, nor should communion in any ordinance of worship be held under such circumstances as would be in¬ consistent with keeping of these ordinances pure and entire, or so as to give countenance to any corruption of the doctrines and institutions of Christ. 17. We declare. That public social covenanting is a moral duty, the ob¬ servance of which is not required at stated times, but on extraordinary occa¬ sions, as the providence of God and the circumstances of the Church may indicate. It is seasonable in times of great danger to the Church, in times of exposure to backsliding, or in times of reformation when the Church is returning to God from a state of backsliding. When the Church has entered into such covenant transactions, they continue to bind posterity faithfully to adhere to and prosecute the grand object for which such engagements have been entered into. 18. We declare. That it is the will of God that the songs contained in the Book of Psalms be sung in His worship, both public and private, to the end of the world; and in singing God’s praise these songs should be employed to the exclusion of the devotional compositions of uninspired men. The first General Assembly met in Xenia, O., on the i8th of May, 1859, and was opened with a sermon by Dr. J. T. Pressly, and by him constituted with prayer. Dr. Peter Bul¬ lions, of Troy, N. Y., was elected moderator, and Dr. James Prestley, stated clerk. The principal work of this Assembly was to organize the executive machinery of the new body. It was decided to place the beneficent operations of the church in the hands of the following Boards, subject to the supervi¬ sion of the Assembly: The Board of Foreign Missions, con¬ sisting of nine members, and located at Philadelphia; a Board of Home Missions, composed of one member of each Presby¬ tery, with an executive committee of five, located at Xenia, O.; a Board of Publication, composed of nine members, and 90 HISTORY OF located at Pittsburgh; a Board of Church Extension, com¬ posed of nine members, and located at Allegheny City, Pa.; and a Board of Education, composed of nine members, and located at Monmouth, Illinois. In 1863, a Board of Missions to the Freedmen was organized, consisting of nine members, and located at Allegheny, Pa. An Aged Ministers’ Fund was created in 1862, and developed into a Board of Ministerial Relief in 1873, nine members, and located at Philadelphia. These Boards have been active and energetic, and have fully vindicated the wisdom of their creation. The influences and impulses of the union of 1858 were very benign and happy. A baptism from on high evidently rested upon the new Church, reviving and quickening her in her inner as well as in her outer life, so that she developed a commendable degree of zeal and of life and of well-directed activity. But few incidents have marked the course of the United Presbyterian Church. She has done her work quietly, and at the same time tried to meet her responsibilities arising from her surroundings and from the general progress of the age. In i860 the Assembly Resolved^ That the members of the United Presbyterian Church be ex¬ horted to avoid all association with men of the world in vain and ensnaring recreations, such as promiscuous dancing, theatrical exhibitions, and such like amusements as are adapted to alienate the affections from God and ex¬ pose the Christian character to reproach, and that pastors and Sessions be careful to warn those under their care in relation to the danger of having any fellowship with the world in any such practices. In i860 the session of the congregation of Bovina, N. Y., submitted the question, “Are Sessions, in receiving persons from the denomination of Arians called ‘ Christians\ to re¬ quire that they be re-baptised?” The Assembly answered: That in our judgment such applicants for fellowship in the Church should be regarded as unbaptized persons, inasmuch as a community of Arians, denying the true and proper divinity of Jesus and His atonement, by what¬ ever name they may be denominated, is not entitled to be considered as a part of the visible Church of Christ. The validity of Papal baptism was brought before the As¬ sembly of 1870 and overtured to the Presbyteries; and accord¬ ing to the answer to this overture, it was enacted in 1871: That while as a general rule Papal baptism should be regarded as invalid, UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 91 yet it is believed by many in the Church that there are important exceptions to this rule; therefore this Assembly judges it expedient to leave the ques¬ tion of re-baptizing persons from the Papal Church to the discretion of Sessions. The Rev. W. C. McCune of Cincinnati published a book upon Church Fellowship, which was not satisfactory to many of his brethren, and for which he was finally put upon trial before the Second Synod of the West and acquitted of teach¬ ing any serious error. An appeal was taken from this decis¬ ion to the General Assembly of 1867. The Assembly sus¬ tained the appeal and found Mr. McCune guilty of “ holding and defending serious and fundamental error on the subject of Church Fellowship.” “ This judgment,” says the record, “is not simply because of Mr. McCune’s interpretation of the 26th chapter of the Confession of Faith, or his determined opposition to the i6th article of the Testimony, a part of the basis of union on which this church was organized, but also because of his enunciation and advocacy of principles which, if fully carried out, would work a complete subversion of the Church as a visible organization.” This trial contributed nothing to the doctrinal development of the Church, but it did produce some agitation in certain quarters, and a request was made to the Assembly of 1868 to fix more definitely the authority of the Sessions in the admis¬ sion of members. This the Assembly declined to do, upon the ground that the law of the Church was sufficiently ex¬ plicit already, and that anything further was unnecessary, because The sixteenth article of our Testimony lays down the general rule on the subject of communion, by which the Church is to be governed in all ordinary cases. It was not designed to make provision for cases of an extraordinary nature. When cases of this kind occur Sessions, in the exercise of a wise diccretion, must dispose of them as may be for the peace and edification of the church. The subject of temperance, in all its phases, has been re¬ peatedly before the Assembly, and the following resolutions, selected from the many passed at different times, will show the unequivocal position of the church upon this matter: I. That the business of manufacturing and vending intoxicating drinks for drinking purposes is injurious to the best interests of society, and there¬ fore inconsistent with the law of God, which requires, “Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.” 92 HISTORY OF 2. That the practice of renting houses to be occupied by those who are engaged in the manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks to be used as a beverage, or for immoral purposes, is utterly inconsistent with the honor of the Christian religion.—(1859, and reaffirmed in 1864.) That it is inconsistent with membership in the Church of Christ to use or be engaged in the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors as a beverage. —(1875 I reaffirmed in 1877.) That church Sessions have full authority, and it is their duty, to enforce the principle of total abstinence where in the exercise of a sound discretion they have reason to believe the safety of the individual and the honor of religion require it.—(1859; reaffirmed in 1864.) That it is the imperative duty of all the followers of Christ to abstain from the use of intoxicating drinks of every kind, and that such abstinence is necessary to a consistent Christian life.—(1873.) That every church member should consider himself as pledged, by the ob¬ ligations which he assumes, to total abstinence from all intoxicating liquors as a beverage.—(1877.) Individual Christians should use all proper means for the suppression of the liquor traffic. Legal prohibition, moral suasion, and the practice of total abstinence are demanded.—(1878.) The exclusive use of a Scripture Psalmody in formal acts of praise has always been one of the distinctive peculiarities of the Scottish Presbyterian Churches of this country. They brought Rouse’s version as improved and authorized by the Church of Scotland with them from their fatherland, and continued to use it because they regarded it as the most faith¬ ful poetic translation of the original. Its literary imperfec¬ tions were well known, and the desirableness and even neces¬ sity of some improvement was early felt. In the autumn of 1809 Judge Ebenezer Clark, son of the Rev. Thomas Clark, of Salem, and an elder in Argyle, N. Y., got up congrega¬ tional petitions to the Presbytery of Washington, requesting it to petition the General Associate Reformed Synod “to fur¬ nish the Church with a metre version of the Scripture Psalms, Hymns and Songs adapted to the present condition of the church and the improved state of the English language.” The General Synod of 1810 gave this matter a very careful and kind consideration, and appointed a committee to procure an improved version of Scripture Psalmody. This committee accomplished nothing, and yet the move¬ ment did much good, for it voiced a strong desire in the Church, and made the subject a familiar topic of conversation among the ministers and people, and thus did something UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 93 towards liberalizing that ultra-conservatism which stands in the way of every advance. In 1825 ^ writer in the Religious Monitor urged upon the Associate Synod the necessity of pro¬ viding an amended version. This was not met with much favor at the time, and yet it compelled thought and reflection, and had unquestionably something to do with the movement in that Synod a score of years afterward under the leadership of Dr. Beveridge. In 1835 the Associate Reformed Synod of New York appointed a committee “to procure a version of the inspired Book of Psalms, so as to embrace a greater variety of metres, retaining our present version with such amendments as, in a few instances, will render the metre more harmonious, and the sense equally near the original. ’ ’ A number of years subsequent to this the General Associate Reformed Synod of the West appointed a similar committee for the same purpose. The independent movements thus started in the three bodies, which formed the United Presby¬ terian Church, continued until the union of 1858, and did ■ much towards the final accomplishment of the desired object by educating the tastes and wishes of the people, so as to make the introduction of a new version possible, and by ac¬ cumulating a large amount of useful matter. The first General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church took up this matter where the Synods had laid it down, and appointed a committee to continue the work, with the instruction “that the version of the Book of Psalms now used by the United Presbyterian Church be retained, with¬ out any change that would affect its integrity. And to be used in connection with this, it is desirable to have an en¬ tirely new version of equal fidelity, and up to the present state of literature and laws of versification. ’ ’ This committee, in connection with the Board of Publication, finally submitted an amended edition of the version in use, and 138 versions in a variety of metres of 117 Psalms. These were approved by the Assembly of 1871, and authorized to be used. The General Assembly was incorporated in Mar., i860, by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and its Trustees are thus the legal agents of the United Presbyterian Church in all her in¬ terests outside the chartered Boards. 94 HISTORY OF Historical Record of the Presbyteries and Synods. T he following record of the organization of the Presby¬ teries and Synods, and of the changes through which they have passed, was prepared by Dr. A. G. Wallace, Sec¬ ond Clerk of the General Assembly. In consequence of the loss of many important records it is impossible to make it complete, but it is believed to be suffi¬ ciently so for practical purposes. The union of 1858, by which the United Presbyterian Church was formed, did not affect the organization and the legal relations and powers of the Synods and Presbyteries of the churches entering into it. In the adopting act it was agreed ‘‘that the respective Presbyteries of these churches shall remain as at present constituted, until otherwise ordered, as convenience shall suggest; ’ ’ and in defining the organiza¬ tion of the General Assembly and the subordinate Synods, it was “provided that the separate Synods and Presbyteries of the said Associate Reformed and Associate Churches shall also continue as at present constituted until otherwise di¬ rected.”— Digest^ p. 222. According to this act some of these bodies have continued to meet from time to time to transact business relating to cer¬ tain pecuniary trusts which had been confided to their care; some being without special trusts, formally dissolved; but the majority simply adjourned to meet at the call of the Mod¬ erator or at a given time, but have either not since met or have failed to keep a record of their proceedings. They con¬ tinue to have a nominal legal existence to meet any positive emergency. presbyteries (associate). 95 THE ASSOCIATE CHURCH. PRESBYTERIES. Pennsylvania ,—Organized Nov. 2, 1753, by authority of “The Associate Synod (Anti-Burgher) in Scotland. Min¬ isters: Alexander Gellatly and Andrew Arnot. Sept. 2, 1765, the members signed articles of agreement with Thomas Clark, and June 9, 1767, with David Telfair and Samuel Kinloch (licentiate) of the (Burgher) Associate Synod of Scotland, ad¬ mitting them as members of the Presbytery, but allowing them to retain their subordination to their own Synod. This act was condemned by the Synod, but the relation was not dissolved by the Presbytery. May 20, 1776, divided by the organization of the Presbytery of New York. June 13, 1782, a majority entered into union with the Reformed Presbytery, (see Associate Reformed, Pennsylvania,) but the minority maintained the organization of the Associate Presbytery. Ministers: James Clarkson and William Marshall. May i, 1800, resolved to divide into three Presbyteries, viz.: Cam¬ bridge, Philadelphia and Chartiers, and with the Presbytery of Kentucky constitute a Synod. The last meeting recorded was held Nov. 5, 1800. May 20, 1801, dissolved by the or¬ ganization of the Associate Synod of North America. New York .—Organized May 20, 1776, at New York city, by authority of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Ministers: John Mason, Thomas Clark, Robert Annan, William Eogan and Andrew Patton. Territory: The State of New York and northward and eastward. In the spring of 1780, at New Perth (now Salem), N. Y., agreed upon a basis for union with the Reformed Presbytery, and became the Associate Re¬ formed Presbytery. (See Associate Reformed, New York.) Kentucky .—Organized Nov. 28, 1798, by authority of “The General Associate Synod” in Scotland. Ministers: Robert Armstrong and Andrew Fulton. Territory: The States of Kentucky and Tennessee. Enlarged by the organ¬ ization of congregations in southern Ohio and Indiana. In 1804 Mr. Armstrong and the larger part of his charge re¬ moved to Massie’s Creek and Sugar Creek, O., and in 1815 Mr. Fulton and the greater part of his charge removed to 96 HISTORY OF Carmel, Ind.; therefore, May 28, 1821, the name was, by order of Synod, changed to the Presbytery of Miami. (See Miami.) Cambridge .—Organized Sept. 8, 1800, at Cambridge, N. Y., by authority of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Minis¬ ters: David Goodwillie, Archibald Whyte and John Banks. Territory: The State of New York, north of the city of New York and eastward. Enlarged, 1820, by the transfer of the congregation in New York from the Presbytery of Philadel¬ phia. July 21, 1830, divided by the organization of the Pres¬ bytery of Albany. 1838 a division arose, and the minority, maintaining a separate organization, joined with others, 1841, in organizing a Synod. After the union of the Synods in 1854 (see the Synod), these Presbyteries were known as the First and Second Presbyteries of Cambridge. May 25, 1856, by act of Synod, they were consolidated as the Presbytery of Cambridge, and the boundaries were restored as before the division. Entered the union of 1858. Oct. 25, 1859, journed at South Argyle, to meet at the call of the Modera¬ tor. Philadelphia .—Organized Nov. 4, 1800, at New York city, by authority of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Ministers: William Marshall, James Clarkson, Francis Pringle, and T. Smith. Territory: The State of Pennsylvania east of the mountains, and the city of New York. Divided, 1820, by the transfer of the congregation in New York city to the Presby¬ tery of Cambridge. Entered the union of 1858 -, ad¬ journed -. Chartiers .—Organized June 23, 1800, at Buffalo church, Pa., by authority of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania. Minis¬ ters: John Smith, John Anderson, Robert Eaing, Ebenezer Henderson, and William Wilson. Territory: All west of the Allegheny mountains, with the congregations in Virginia and the Carolinas. East Wednesday of August, 1803, the terri¬ tory was reduced by the formation of the Presbytery of the Carolinas. Oct. 4, 1808, divided by the organization of the Presbytery of Ohio; May 20, 1817, by transfer of the congre¬ gations in Xenia and vicinity to the Presbytery of Kentucky; July 9, 1822, by the organization of the Presbytery of Alle- presbyteries (associate). 97 gheny; Aug. 23, 1826, by the organization of the Presbytery of Muskingum. Entered the union of 1858. Oct. 19, 1858, at Clinton, adjourned to meet at Washington, Pa., Nov. 30, 1858. There is no record to show that the meeting was held. Ohio .—Organized Oct. 4, 1808, at Mahoning tent, from the Presbytery of Chartiers, by order of Synod. The order of Synod appointed Shenango church as the place for organiza¬ tion; the reason for the change is not recorded. Ministers: James Duncan, Daniel McLean, Thomas McClintock, and David Imbrie. Territory: That part of the Chartiers Presby¬ tery bounded by Yellow creek, the Ohio and Allegheny rivers, without western limit. Nov. 10, 1835, divided by the organ¬ ization of the Presbytery of Shenango. Entered the union of 1858. May 8, 1867, adjourned to meet at the call of the Moderator. The Carolinas .—Organized last Wednesday of August, 1803, at Steel Creek, N. C., from the Presbytery of Chartiers. Ministers: Peter McMullan, William Dixon, and John Cree. Territory: The Carolinas and Eastern Virginia. In conse¬ quence of the refusal of the congregations to carry out the act of Synod against slavery, adopted May 20, 1831, the pastors resigned, and the majority of the Presbytery (1832 to 1834) removed to the North. May 29, 1839, the Synod suspended those who refused to carry out its action. They united with the Associate Reformed Synod of the South Apr. 15, 1844. Miami .—May 28, 1821, the Synod changed the name of the Presbytery of Kentucky to the Presbytery of Miami. June 3, 1830, enlarged by the addition of the congregations of‘‘The Western Mission.” Aug. 8, 1838, divided by the organization of the Presbyteries of Indiana and Illinois. En¬ tered the union of 1858, and Dec. 28, 1858, at Springfield, 0., adjourned. Allegheny .—Organized July 9, 1822, at Bethel, Allegheny county. Pa., from the Presbyteries of Chartiers and Ohio, by order of the Synod. Ministers: Robert Bruce, David Blair, John Dickey, Joseph Scroggs, Hugh Kirkland, and John France. Territory: The valley of the Allegheny river to Pitts¬ burgh, and eastward to the mountains. July 4, 1849, "; thence by the Allegheny and Ohio rivers to the mouth of Saw Mill run; thence by the Steubenville turnpike to the Wash¬ ington county line; thence southward by that line to the Monongahela river; thence by the river to place of begin¬ ning, Peter’s creek congregation to be included. Oct. 26, 1859, divided by the organization of the Frankfort Presby¬ tery. Sept. 30, 1859, congregation of Canonsburg, which had elected Monongahela, was transferred to the Chartiers Presbytery, and Oct. 19, 1869, Peter’s Creek was also trans¬ ferred. May 31, 1880, the congregations of Chase City and Stanton River, Va., were transferred by the General Assem¬ bly from Mansfield to Monongahela Presbytery.— Min. Gen. Ass.^ vol. V., p. 188. Weshnoreland .—Organized at Turtle Creek, Pa., Oct. 27, 1858, II A. M., from the Presbyteries of Westmoreland and Allegheny (A.), the Rev. Joseph Scroggs presiding. Minis¬ ters: Joseph Scroggs, Matthew McKinstry, J. G. Fulton, Samuel Jamison, David H. Pollock, James H. Fife, James Kelso and A. G. Wallace. Territory: From the summit of the Allegheny mountains at the headwaters of the Conemaugh (near Gallitzin, Pa.), southerly indefinitely; west of the Cone¬ maugh and Kiskiminitas rivers to the Allegheny; thence by the river to Logan’s Ferry; thence by direct line to the mouth of Turtle creek, including the congregations of Unity and PRESBYTERIES (UNITED PRESBYTERIAN). 133 Turtle creek; thence southward by the Monongahela river in¬ definitely. June 21, 1859, the congregation of Saltsburg was received from the Presbytery of Conemaugh, and also, 1860- 61, the congregation of Apollo; June 22, 1864, enlarged by the organization of the congregation of Braddock’s Fields. Oct. 20, 1880, the congregations of Apollo and Union were transferred to the Presbytery of Conemaugh. Frankfort .—Organized at Hanover Church, Oct. 26, 1859, by order of the First Synod of the West, from the Presbyteries of Allegheny and Chartiers, the Rev. W. M. McFlwee presid¬ ing. Ministers: W. M. McFlwee, J. G. Rankin, David W. Carson, James C. Campbell, Josiah Thompson, James Hagerty, Marcus Ormond, W. L. Wilson and J. F. Purdy. Territory: From the Ohio river by Cross creek to Cross Creek village; thence to Burgettstown, including Cross Creek and connec¬ tion; thence to the Steubenville turnpike at the Washington county line; thence direct to the north of Flaherty’s run, on the Ohio river, leaving Gilead on the east; and thence by the river to the mouth of Cross creek. Brookville .—Organized at Beaver Run Church Nov. 26, 1872, 2 P. M., from the Presbytery of Conemaugh, the Rev. J. C. Greer presiding. Ministers: George C. Vincent, David K. Duff, Joseph C. Greer, M. S. Telford and Samuel C. Brown. Territoiyu That part of the Presbytery of Conemaugh north of a line from the Allegheny river at the mouth of Crooked creek directly east. THE SYNOD OF OHIO. Mansfield .—Organized at Mansfield, O., Oct. 22, 1858, ii A. M., from the Presbyteries of Mansfield and Richland, the Rev. Samuel Irvine presiding. Ministers: Samuel Irvine, Richard Gaily, R. G. Thompson, James Y. Ashenhust, David W. Collins, David Paul, John P. Scott, W. H. French, J. W. McFarland, Andrew McCartney and J. F. McFean. Territory: From, but not including, Cleveland, O., by the Ohio canal to Newark; thence due west to the western boundary of the First Synod of the West; thence northward to Fake Erie. The congregation of Chase City, in Mecklenburgh Co., Va., was organized July 24, 1872, by the Presbytery of which the pastor was a member, and with its connections, remained 134 HISTORY OF under its jurisdiction until transferred by the General Assem¬ bly to the Presbytery of Monongaliela, May 31, 1880.— Min, Gen, Ass., vol. v., p. 188. Muskinguin .—Organized at New Concord, O., Nov. 15, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Muskingum and Second Ohio, the Rev. Samuel Findley presiding. Ministers: Samuel Findley, Benjamin Waddle, John Wallace, J. M. Henderson, J. H. Peacock, Thomas Brown, John Comin, James McNeal, James Duncan, John Patterson, James P. Fytle, S. C. Reid, William Johnston, B. B. Calderhead, H. Forsythe and Ran¬ dall Ross. Territory: From Marietta, O., north to the south¬ west corner of Belmont Co.; thence by the county line to the northwest corner of Belmont Co.; thence northwest to New- comerstown; thence by the Ohio canal to Newark; thence west to the line of the First Synod of the West; thence by that line southward indefinitely. Oct. 20, 1880, the congregations of Caledonia, W. Va., and Tittle Muskingum, O., were trans¬ ferred to it from Wheeling Presbytery by order of Synod. Steubenville .—Organized at Steubenville, O., Dec. i, 1858, II a. m., from the Presbyteries of Steubenville and Muskin¬ gum, the Rev. William Borimer presiding. Ministers: Thomas Wilson, John S. Easton, William Borimer, J. McKirahan, J. K. Andrews, J. H. Peacock, Thomas R. Simp¬ son. Territory: From the Ohio river, at the Mouth of Yel¬ low creek, west of Massillon, O.; thence south to Newcomers- town; thence to the northwest corner of Belmont co.; thence by the north line of Belmont co. to the Ohio river; thence by the river to the mouth of Yellow creek. Oct. 3, 1859, line dividing from the Presbytery of Wheeling was changed so as to be from the Ohio river at Warrenton, by Short creek to Cadiz, O.; thence by the new Philadelphia road through Franklin to the point where the road intersects the line of the Muskingum Presbytery, placing the congregations of Cadiz and Franklin in the Wheeling Presbytery and Warren¬ ton in Steubenville. Enlarged Sept. 28, i860, by the ad¬ dition of that part of the Presbytery of Ohio lying south of the Pittsburgh and Fort Wayne railroad. Oct. 3, 1861, the boundary with the Cleveland Presbytery was changed so as to be from Canton to New Bisbon; thence east. New Bisbon being with Cleveland. PRESBYTERIES (UNITED PRESBYTERIAN). 135 Wheeling .—Organized at Uniontown, O., Oct. 19, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Wheeling and Muskingum, the Rev. William Taggart presiding. Ministers: William Wishart, Alexander Wilson, William Grimes, David F. Reid, Alex. D. Clark, J. S. McCready, Hugh Parks, James T. McClure and J. C. Murch. Territory: From Marietta, O., north to southwest corner of Belmont co.; thence by western and northern lines of Belmont co.; to the Ohio river; thence by the river to Short Creek, W. Va., to West Alexander; southern and eastern line undefined. Oct. 3, 1859, enlarged by a change in the line dividing from the Presbytery of Steubenville. (See Steubenville.) Ap. 10, 1877, the congre¬ gation of Tippecanoe was temporarily attached to, and Oct. 20, 1880, Caledonia, W. Va., and Tittle Muskingum, O., were transferred to the Presbytery of Muskingum. THE SECOND SYNOD. The Second Synod of the West, at its meeting Oct. 15, 1858, resolved that in general, as far as practicable, the iden¬ tity of the various Presbyteries should be maintained; there¬ fore, but one new Presbytery was organized. There was no general order for the formal organization of the others. The ministers and congregations attached themselves to existing organizations, and the Presbyteries continued with but little perceptible change. If there was no formal reorganization, the first meeting after the above action of Synod is taken as the date of the new reorganization. Chillicothe .—Organized at Unity Church, Harshasville, O., Ap. 20, 1859, from the Presbyteries of Chillicothe and Miami, the Rev. Andrew Richie presiding. Ministers: James Ar- buthnot, David MacDill, J. H. Bonner, Andrew Richie, A. W. McClenahan, John Gilmore, William H. Prestley, N. R. Kirkpatrick, Joseph Buchanan, Thomas McCague and Gil¬ bert Small. Territory: Unchanged, viz.: Eastward from a line through Williamsburg, in Clermont co., O., and Wil¬ mington, in Clinton co., to the Hockhocking river and south¬ ward. Detroit .—(See under the First Synod of the West.) Indiana .—Organized at Spring Hill, Ind., Ap. 13, 1859, from the Presbyteries of Indiana and Southern Indiana, the HISTORY OF 136 Rev. M. Arnott presiding. Ministers: Moses Arnott, Joseph R. Walker, Nathan C. McDill, J. F. Hutchison and Thomas Dickson. Territory: That part of the State of Indiana lying south of the 40° north latitude and east of the New Albany and Salem railroad. The southern boundary is not defined, but the churches in Kentucky, west of a line due south from the mouth of the Great Miami, were included in the former Presbytery. Michigan .—Organized at Camden, Ind., Jan. 19, 1859, from the Presbytery of Michigan. Ministers: S. C. Baldridge, Thomas Calahan, James N. Buchanan, John Anderson, David Morrow, Thomas Mercer, J. H. Smith, J. R. Shepherd, Alex¬ ander McCahan, William Lind, James A. Frazier. Terri¬ tory: The State of Indiana north of latitude 40° and the State of Michigan north of Indiana. Divided, Oct. 27, 1864, by the organization of the Wabash Presbytery. Dissolved by the General Assembly May 30, 1874— Mm..^ vol. iv., p. 13. That part within the State of Michigan being transferred to the Presbytery of Detroit, and that part within the State of Indiana to the Wabash Presbytery; the records to be trans¬ ferred to the Presbytery of Wabash. Northern Indiana —(See Wabash.) First Ohio .—Organized at Fairhaven, O., Dec. 21, 1858, from the Presbyteries of First Ohio and Miami, the Rev. A. Aten presiding. Ministers: A. Aten, P. Monfort, J. H. Bu¬ chanan, S. W. McCracken, John Y. Scouller, William David¬ son, George D. Archibald, Robert H. Pollock, R. K. Camp¬ bell, William McCune and John S. Robertson. Territory: That part of the State of Ohio lying westward from a line through Williamsburgh, in Clermont co., and Wilmington, in Clinton co., and southward from a line through Greenville, in Darke co., and Bellebrook, in Greene co., including Day- ton and Richmond, Ind. The southern boundary was not defined, but formerly the churches in Kentucky east of a line due south from the mouth of the Great Miami were included. Princeton .—Organized as the Presbytery of Southern hidi- ana.^ at Bloomington, Ind., May 13, 1859, fro^n the Presby¬ teries of Southern Indiana and Indiana, the Rev. Win. Turner presiding. Ministers: John Bryan, John D. Craig, R. Gray, 137 presbyteries (united Presbyterian). James Ingles, William Turner and Thomas Turner. Terri¬ tory : That part of the State of Indiana south of north latitude 40° and west of the New Albany and Salem railroad, includ¬ ing also the counties in Illinois adjacent to the Wabash river; transferred by the Synod Oct. 7, 1858. Divided Oct. 31, 1865, by the organization of the Presbytery of White River. At the same time, by act of Synod Sept. 28, 1865, the name was changed to Princeton. Enlarged, Sept. 29, 1871, by the union of the Presbytery of White River. Sidney .—Organized at Urbana, O., Nov, 18, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Sidney and Miami, the Rev. C. T. McCaughan presiding. Ministers: J. R. Bonner, Jackson Duff, Samuel Wallace, C. T. McCaughan, Joseph McHatton, William Wright, James Wallace, Isaac N. Laughead and J. E. Bull. Territory: That part of the State of Ohio lying west of the Mansfield Presbytery, and north of an extension of the line between Champaign and Clark counties, west to the Indiana State line, and the northern lines of Madison and Franklin counties, to the Mansfield Presbytery. Souther 7 i hidiana .—(See Princeton.) Temiessee .—Organized at Nashville, Nov. 13, 1866, by order of the Second Synod, from congregations placed under its jurisdiction by the General Assembly, the Rev. David Strang presiding. Ministers: David Strang, D. S. McHenry, andj. G. McKee. Territory: The State of Tennessee. Xenia .—Organized at Springfield, O., Dec. 28, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Springfield and Miami, the Rev. Samuel Wilson presiding. Ministers: Joseph Clokey, R. D. Harper, G. W. Gowdy, Robert E. Stewart, J. P. Wright, Thomas Beveridge, Samuel Wilson, Robert Forrester, J. P. Smart, Cyrus Cummings and Hugh McHatton. Territory: The counties of Clinton, Greene, Clark, Madison, Franklin and Fayette. Wabash .—Organized at Providence Church, Clinton co., Ind., Oct. 27, 1864, by order of the Second Synod, from the Presbytery of Michigan, the Rev. J. P. Wright presiding. Ministers: S. C. Baldridge, J. P. Wright, Thomas Mercer, J. R. Bell, J. R. Shephard, David Morrow. Territory: The State of Indiana from the 40° of north latitude to about the 138 HISTORY OF latitude of Warsaw, Ind. Enlarged May 30, 1874, by the addition of that part of the Presbytery of Michigan lying within the State of Indiana. Changed to Northern Indiana in 1882. White River .—Organized at Bloomington, Ind., Oct. 31, 1865, from the Presbytery of Southern Indiana, by order of the Second Synod, the Rev. Wm. Turner presiding. Minis¬ ters: William Turner, James Ingles, William G. Spencer, John Bryan and M. M. Brown. Territory: That part of the State of Indiana south of the 40° of north latitude, with the counties of Vigo, Clay, Green, Lawrence, Orange and Harri¬ son for its southwestern border, and including these counties. The Presbytery having expressed a desire for re-union with the Presbytery of Princeton, the Synod, Oct. 19, 1870, au¬ thorized such a union, if the way be clear. The consolidation was effected at Princeton, Ind., Sept. 29, 1871, the united body to be known as the Presbytery of Princeton. THE SYNOD OF ILEINOIS. Bloommgton .—Organized at Peoria, Ill., Dec. 22, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Second Illinois and Northern Illinois, the Rev. G. D. Henderson presiding. Ministers: Matthew Clarke, Philip H. Drennen, John M. Gordon, G. D. Hender¬ son, Elijah McCoy, John W. Pinkerton, W. C. Pollock and William R. Erskine. Territory: Eastern part of central Illi¬ nois. Changed to Central Illinois in 1882. Central Illinois .—(See Bloomington.) Chicago .—Organized at Somomauk, Ill., Mar. 2, 1859, from the Presbyteries of Northern Illinois and Second Illinois, the Rev. J. L. Freetly presiding. Ministers: J. L. Freetly, R. W. French, Samuel Collins, J. A. McKee, Samuel M. Coon, Samuel F. Thompson, W. P. Curry and Thomas Winter. Territory: Northern part of Illinois and Southern Wisconsin. Monmouth .—Organized at Monmouth, Ill., Feb. 8, 1859, from the Presbyteries of Monmouth and Second Illinois, the Rev. J. A. Edie presiding. Ministers: James C. Porter, David MacDill, John Scott, N. C. Weede, D. C. Cochran, J. A. Edie, Matthew Bigger, John M. Graham, Samuel Mil¬ ieu, James C. McKnight, Alexander Young, D. A. Wallace, 139 PRESBYTERIES (UNITED PRESBYTERIAN). J. A. P. McGaw, Robert Ross, Marion Morrison, J. R. McCallister, John Wallace and A. A. Rogers. Territory: From Rock Island by a line to Fa Salle; thence by the Illi¬ nois river to the Mississippi; thence by the river to Rock Island, the ministers and congregations in Peoria Co. being, for the present, connected with the Bloomington Presbytery. Divided Feb. 7, 1865, by the organization of the Presbytery of Rock Island. SL Louis .—(See Southern Illinois.) Southeru Illinois .—Organized as the Presbytery of St. Fouis, at Sparta, Ill., Ap. 12, 1859, from the Presbytery of First Illinois and Monmouth, the Rev. James Morrow pre¬ siding. Ministers: James Morrow, M. M. Brown, J. W. Glenn, John G. McFean, W. A. Pollock and John F. Stewart. Ter¬ ritory: The State of Missouri and that part of the State of Illi¬ nois lying south of a line eastward from the mouth of the Illinois river, through Vandalia to the western boundary of the counties touching the Wabash river, and southward by these lines to the Ohio river: the southern boundary not de¬ fined. Divided Oct. 31, 1867, by the organization of the Presbytery of Western Missouri. Sept. 23, 1871, the name was changed to Southern Illinois. Wisconsm .—Organized at Buffalo Church, Buffalo town¬ ship, Marquette Co., Wis., Oct. 12, 1864, from the Presbytery of Chicago and Fe Claire, by order of the Synod of Illinois, the Rev. William Smith presiding. Ministers: William Smith, James A. Shankland, Isaac W. Collins and James C. Elliott. Territory: The State of Wisconsin and Minnesota. November 5, 1865, divided by the organization of the Pres¬ bytery of Minnesota. Rock Isla?td .—Organized at Pope Creek Church, now Sun¬ beam, Ill., Feb. 7, 1865, from the Presbytery of Monmouth, the Rev. J. A. Edie presiding. Ministers: John A. Reynolds, J. A. Edie, John H. Nash, J. R. McCallister, W. H. McMil- len, William Cooke and John Wallace. Territory: The northern part of the Presbytery of Monmouth, including the congregations of North Henderson, Pope Creek, Cedar Creek, Fittle York, Pennsylvania, Media, Viola, Febanon, East Henry, Rock Island and Davenport. 140 HISTORY OF THE SYNOD OF IOWA. Des Moines .—Organized at Albia, Iowa, Nov. 13, 1858, by order of the Synod of Illinois, from the Asso. and Asso. Ref. Presbyteries of Iowa, the Rev. J. N. Pressly presiding. Min¬ isters: J. S. Maughlin, John Graham, Joseph White, J. A. Vance, J. N. Pressly and Robert McAyeal. Territory: That part of the State of Iowa lying west of the Iowa river, south¬ ward to a point ten miles below Iowa City; thence by the western lines of Washington, Jefferson and Van Buren counties to the State line. Divided Oct. 14, 1863, by the or¬ ganization of the Presbytery of Nebraska; Oct. 16, 1867, by the organization of the Presbytery of Cedar Rapids, and Nov. II, 1879, by the organization of the Presbytery of Col¬ lege Springs. Keokuk .—Organized at Washington, la., Nov. 4, 1858, by order of the Synod of Illinois, from the Asso. and Asso. Ref. Presbyteries of Iowa, the Rev. S. McArthur presiding. Min¬ isters: William M. Boyse, James Brown, J. P. Chambers, J. R. Doig, R. N. Fee, William M. Graham, R. J. Ham¬ mond, D. lyindsay, Samuel McArthur, N. McDowell, Alex. Story, J. T. Tate, Samuel F. Vanatta and William H. Wilson. Territory: That part of the State of Iowa south of a line due east from a point on the Iowa river ten miles below Iowa City, and southward to the State line by the west lines of Washington, Jefferson and Van Buren counties. Le Claire .—Organized at Cedar Rapids, la., Nov. 10, 1858, from the Presbyteries of Te Claire and Iowa, by order of the Synod of Illinois, the Rev. Henry Allen presiding. Minis¬ ters: H. Allen, Robert S. Campbell, Samuel H. McKee, Jon¬ athan Stewart, J. D. Cunningham, Hugh Sturgeon, A. J. Allen, John H. Nash and D. D. McLain. Territory: From a point on the Iowa river ten miles below Iowa City due east to the Mississippi river; northward by the Mississippi river on the east and by the Iowa river on the west; the northern boundary undefined. Divided Oct. 12, 1864, by the organiza¬ tion of the Presbytery of Wisconsin, and Oct. 16, 1867, by the organization of the Presbytery of Cedar Rapids. Minnesota .—Organized at Eden Prairie, Minn., Nov. 5, 1866, by order of the Synod of Illinois, from the Presbytery PRESBYTERIES (united PRESBYTERIAN). 141 of Wisconsin, the Rev. W. J. Cleland presiding. Ministers: W. J. Cleland, A. B. Coleman, J. R. Bell, J. M. Wallace. Territory: The State of Minnesota west of the Mississippi river and north of the State of Iowa; the northern and western boundaries undefined. June 4, 1873, transferred by the Gen¬ eral Assembly to the Synod of Iowa. Nebraska .—Organized at Nebraska City, Neb., Oct. 14, 1863, from the Presbytery of Des Moines, the Rev. T. Mc¬ Cartney presiding. Ministers: Thomas McCartney, Andrew McCartney, T. P. Proudfit, David C. Wilson, J. S. Maughlin and W. Douthett. Territory: That part of the State of Iowa west of the counties of Taylor, Adams and Adair, and of a line northward from the northwest corner of Adair co. and the territory of Nebraska indefinitely. Divided Oct. 19, 1880, by the organization of the Presbytery of Omaha, and the name changed by Synod Sept. 30, 1880, to the Presby¬ tery of Pawnee. Cedar Rapids .—Organized at Fairfax, la., Oct. 16, 1867, from the Presbytery of Re Claire and Des Moines, the Rev. J. L. Bull presiding. Ministers: J. D. Bull, J. G. Freeborn, J. T. Torrence and A. J. Allen. Territory: From the Minne¬ sota State line at the northeast corner of Winneshiek co., la., south to the southeast corner of Finn co., west by the south line of Finn and Benton counties to a line northward from the northwest corner of Adair co. to the Minnesota State line; thence to place of beginning. College Springs .—Organized at Red Oak, la., Nov. ii, 1879, from the Presbyteries of Des Moines and Nebraska, the Rev. D. C. Wilson presiding. Ministers: D. C. Wilson, P H. Drennen, J. H. Tedford, R. T. McCrea, William John ston, David Dodds, J. W. Johnston, J. A. Shankland and S. C. Marshall. Territory: That part of the State of Iowa west of a line beginning on the Missouri State line at the south¬ east corner of Ringgold co. and running north to the north¬ east, corner of Union co.; thence west to the southwest corner of Adair; thence north by the west line of Adair co. to the Minnesota State line. Omaha .—Organized at North Bend, Neb. Oct. 19, 1880, from the Presbytery of Nebraska, the Rev. J. C. Evans pre- 142 HISTORY OF siding. Ministers: David Inches, Edwin B. Graham, J. C. Evans, George R. Murray, Thomas McCague and Daniel Todd. Territory: The State of Nebraska north of a line west from the Missouri river by the south side of Nebraska City via Lincoln to Grand Island; thence by the South Platte to the west line of the State, including the congrega¬ tion of Dunbar, but leaving Lincoln with the Presbytery of Pawnee. Pawnee. —(See Nebraska.) THE SYNOD OF KANSAS. Kansas .—Organized at Leavenworth, Kan., Dec. 9, 1858, by order of the Synod of Illinois, from mission congregations. Ministers: J. N. Smith, J. R. Slentz and B. L. Baldridge. Territory: The Territory of Kansas. Divided Sept. 30, 1869, by the organization of the Presbytery of Garnett. Oct. ii, 1878, by the organization of the Presbytery of Concordia. Changed, in 1886, to First Kansas. Western Missouri .—Organized at Warrensburg, Mo., Oct. 31, 1867, II a. m., from the Presbytery of St. Louis (now Southern Illinois), by order of the Synod of Illinois, the Rev. M. Bigger presiding. Ministers: M. Bigger, Samuel Jami¬ son, Joseph D. Steele, Josiah Thompson and R. G. Thomp¬ son. Territory: That part of the State of Missouri lying west of the meridian of Jefferson City. Garnett .—Organized at Leavenworth, Kan., Sept. 30, 1869, from the Presbytery of Kansas, the Rev. J. N. Smith presid¬ ing. Ministers: J. N. Smith, J. H. Adair, J. W. Martin, David Lindsay, Andrew Renwick, E. C. Cooper and D. T. McAuley. Territory: The State of Kansas south of the Kan¬ sas Pacific railroad; the congregations of Lawrence and To¬ peka to remain in the Kansas Presbytery. Divided Nov. 10, 1874, by the organization of the Presbytery of Neosho; Oct. 14, 1880, further reduced by the transfer of Woodson, Wilson and Montgomery counties to Neosho Presbytery. Neosho .—Organized at Americus, Kan., Nov. 10, 1874, from the Presbytery of Garnett, the Rev. -presiding. Ministers: Joseph A. Collins, Jackson Duff, David Thompson, R. J. Thompson, E. C. Cooper, J. Taylor, S. B. Reed and W. H. McCreery. Territory: That part of the State of ' PRESBYTERIES (UNITED PRESBYTERIAN). 143 Kansas south of the Kansas Pacific railroad, and west of the western lines of Osage, Coffey, Woodson, Wilson and Mont¬ gomery counties, and the churches in Colorado. Divided Dec. I, 1875, by the organization of the Presbytery of Col¬ orado. Oct. 14, 1880, enlarged by the transfer of the counties of Woodson, Wilson and Montgomery from the Presbytery of Garnett, by the act of Synod. Divided Ap. 12, 1881, by the organization of the Presbytery of Arkansas Valley. Colorado .—Organized at Bvans, Col., Dec. i, 1875, from the Presbytery of Neosho, the Rev. S. B. Reed presiding. Min¬ isters: S. B. Reed, W. H. McCreery and J. F. Graham. Territory: The State of Colorado. Concordia .—Organized at Concordia, Kan., Nov. 6, 1878, from the Presbytery of Kansas, the Rev. Joseph McKelvey presiding. Ministers: William P. Currie and Joseph Mc¬ Kelvey. Territory: That part of the State of Kansas north of Kansas Pacific railroad, and west of a line due north from Manhattan on that road to the State line. Arkansas Valley .—Organized at Ninnescah, Kan., Ap. 12, 1881, from the Presbytery of Neosho, the Rev. David Thomp¬ son, presiding. Ministers: David Thompson, W. C. Somers, J. S. Turnbull, R. S. McClenahan and B. C. Cooper. Territory: That part of the State of Kansas lying south of the Kansas Pacific railroad, and west of a line from that road at the west line of Dickinson co.; thence south on the sixth principal meridian to the south line of Harvey co.; thence east to eastern line of Butler co.; thence south to the State line. THE SYNOD OF THE PACIFIC. Oregon .—Organized at Union Point, Oregon, Oct. 20, 1852, by a union of the A. and A. R. Presbyteries of Oregon, and continued as an independent Presbytery until May 5, 1859, when, at Kendall’s Bridge meeting-house, Binn co., it was agreed to adopt the basis of union of 1858, and May 25, i860, the Presbytery was admitted into the jurisdiction of the Gen¬ eral Assembly with the reserved right of final jurisdiction in cases of discipline— Min. Gen. Ass.^ vol. i, pp. 107, 188. Ministers: Wilson Blain, S. G. Irvine, T. S. Kendall, J. M. Dick, J. Worth, J. B. Hannon and S. D. Gager. Territory: without defined boundaries. 144 HISTORY OF San Francisco .—Organized at San Francisco, Cal., Nov. 8, 1869, by order of the General Assembly— Min..^ vol. II, p. 28—the Rev. William H. Wilson presiding. Ministers: Wil¬ liam H. Wilson and M. M. Gibson. Territory: The State of California. MISSIONARY PRESBYTERIES. Sidlkot .—Organized Dec. 18, 1856, and continued without change. Ministers: Andrew Gordon, B. H. Stevenson and R. A. Hill. Egypt .—Organized at Cairo, Ap. 13, i860, 3 p. m., by order of the General Assembly— Min..^ vol. i, pp. 41-190—the Rev. James Barnett presiding. Ministers: James Barnett, Thomas McCague and Gulian Bansing. Territory: Without defined bounds. WITH THKIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 145 Alphabetical List of Congregations WITH THEIR Historical Record. This list gives, ist, the name of the Congregation; 2d, its County and State; 3d, its present Presbytery; 4th, the date of its organization; and 5th, in the second line, its Pastorates. If the Congregation had a former name, it is given in brackets. Adair, Adair Co.; Des Moines; 1878. J. F. Martin, 1879-80; O. S. Morrow, 1881-4. Adams, Adams Co., Iowa; College Springs; Oct., 1870. S. T. Herron, Stated Supply, 1871-5; A. McCartney, S. S., 1875-6; J. Pattison, 1877-9 1 J- A. McCalmont, 1880-3 I J- A- Wiley, 1885- Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; 1853. W. Bruce, 1853-60; J. Wallace, 1862-6; W. R. Stewart, 1868-70; T. W. Winter, 1872-80; W. J. McCrory, 1881-2; J. L. Clark, 1883- Ainsworth, Washington Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1864. J. R. Doig, 1865-9; N. H. Brown, 1871-6; Akmeem; Egypt; 1882. •Albany, N. Y.; Albany; Oct., 1800. Mr. McDonald, in connection with a church in Canada, 1800-18; Janies Martin, 1824-42; R. J. Hammond, 1843-44; S. F. Morrow, 1846-86; J. A. Littell, 1887- Albany, Ore.; Oregon; 1853. S. G. Irvine, 1857- Albia, Monroe Co., Iowa.; Des Moines; Nov. 7, 1857. J. N. Pressly, 1858-62 ; J. Hadden, 1866-72 ; J. Pattison, 1880-84; J- Boyd, 1887- Aledo, Mercer Co., Ill., Rock Island; Sept. 22, 1855. J. R. McCallister, 1862-7; A. W. Clokey, 1869-72; T. B. Turnbull, 1873- 84; W. J. McCrory, 1885-7. Alexandria; Egypt; Aug. 26, 1868. Alexis, Warren Co., Ill.; Monmouth, June, 1-871. M.F . McKirahan, 1876-82; J. D. Palmer, 1884- 10 146 alphabetical list of congregations Allegheny, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; May 24, 1873- M. M. Patterson, 1875-83. Allegheny, Pa.; ist Church; Allegheny; Nov. 4, 1831. J. T. Pressly, 1833-70; W. J. Robinson, 1873- Allegheny, Pa.; 2d Church; Allegheny; Oct. 26, 1837. J. Rodgers, 1838-60; J. B. Clark, 1860-72; W. H. McMillan, 1873- Allegheny, Pa.; 3d Church; Allegheny; May, 1854. J. Holmes, 1855-7; D. G. Bradford, 1857-63; J. R. Kerr, 1864-72; J. W. Bain, 1873-74; E. S. McKitrick, 1875- Allegheny, Pa.; 4th Church; Allegheny; April 17, i860. C. A. Dickey, 1862-69; W. Fulton, 1870-73; W. G. Moorehead, 1875-76; J. M. Fulton, 1877- Allegheny, Pa.; 5th Church; Allegheny; Nov. 18, 1862. D. M. B. McLean, 1863-65; J. \V. Witherspoon, 1867- Allegheny [Manchester], Pa.; 6th Church; Allegheny; 1849; G. D. Archibald, 1850-55 ; J. C. Steele, S, S., 1857-59; A* Clark, 1861- 84; D. F. McGill, 1885- Allegheny, 7th Church; Allegheny; April 21, 1880. G. W. McDonald, 1880- Allerton, Wayne Co., Iowa; Des^Moines; June 17, 1876. A. R. Munford, 1882-6. Alpena, Alpena Co., Mich.; Detroit; Sept. 18, 1884. J. L. Thompson, S. S., 1884-6; N. R. Walker, 1887- Americus, Lyon Co., Kan.; Neosho; March 15, 1859. D. T. McAuley, S. S., 1866-67 i J- A. Collins, 1870-84; A. R. Rankin, 1886- Amity, Coshocton Co., O.; Mansfield; 1861. [Mill Creek, A. R., 1818; Supplies; D. F. Reid, 1841-56; W. A. McCon¬ nell, 1859-], [Keene, Asso., 1838; J. M. Henderson, 1845-6; J. P. Scott, 1854-6; W. A. McConnell, 1859-] ; consolidated as Amity in 1861; W. A. McConnell till 1864; Supplies; D. A. McClenahan, 1881-2; S. A. Moore, 1884- Amity, Jewell Co., Kan.; Concordia; Jan. 30, 1874. R. A. Hamill, 1881-82; W. Wallace, 1887- Amity, Tama Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; Feb. 27, 1875. W. J. McAllister, S. S., 1876-9; J. M. Hamilton, 1879- Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; 1834. J. Laing, 1834-58; D. C. Niven, 1859-61; J. Bruce, 1864- Andrew, Jackson Co., Iowa; LeClaire; 1857. J. Stewart, 1858-65; G. W. Torrence, 1866-73; W. A. Pollock, 1877-79; W. W. Gordon, 1879-85 ; J. M. McArthur, 1886- Anthony, Harper Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; March 14,1880. E. C. Cooper, 1885- Antrim [Miller’s Fork], Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1824. S. Findley, 1824-55; W. Lorimer, 1858-65 ; A. H. Caldwell, 1867- Apollo [Warren], Armstrong Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1830. W. Galbraith, 1836-39; T. Gilkerson, 1840-59; O. Katz, 1865-73 1 R* A. Jamison, 1878- WITH THEIR HISTORICAE RECORD. 147 ^ Al^le, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; Nov., 1792. 1793-1841; G. Mairs, jr,, 1823-51; J. B. Scouller, 1852-62; D. M. Ure, 1862-72; W. P. Kane, 1873-84; T. B. Turnbull, 1884- Argyle, Redwood Co., Minn.; Minnesota; Jan. 21, 1871. Arkansas City, Cowley Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; March 2, 1873. R. J. Thompson, 1874-5; R. S. McClenahan, 1878-82; J. O. Campbell, 1883-7; J. White, 1887- Arlington, Colnmbia Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; March 30, 1881, J. D. Smith, 1881- Arlington, Washington Co., Neb.; Omaha; Sept. 16, 1883. Asyoot; Eg>'pt; 1870. Atlantic, Cass Co., Iowa; College Springs; October 25, 1875. R. T. McCrea, 1876-86 ; J. C. Tmesdale, 1887- Atwood [Concord], Armstrong Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1826. J. Hindman, 1831-45; W. Smith, 1851-60; D. K. Duff, 1865- Austin, Sanilac Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1866. J. B. Wilson, 1867-71; F. Vertican, S. S., 1880-83; McGee, S. S., 1883-5. Avondale [a reorganization of White Eyes], Coshocton Co., O.; Mansfield; 1873. D. A. McClenahan, 1881-2; S. A. Moore, 1884- Awankha, Punjab, India; Sialkot; 1884. Azaimeh; Egypt; 1885. Azzeeyah; Egypt; 1880. Bad Axe, Huron Co., Mich.; Detroit; June 5, 1881. F. W. Vertican, S. S., 1881-3; J. P. Gibson, 1884-5. Badoki, Punjab, India; Sialkot; March 21, 1883. Bagley, Guthrie Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Oct. i, 1881. Bagore, Egypt; 1879. Baltimore, Md.; Philadelphia; April, 1826. A. White, 1827-33; J- G. Smart, 1833-50; W. Bruce, 1855-73 I W. A. Edie, 1875-9; W. Anderson, 1880- Barclay, Black Hawk Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; 1879. Barlow, Washington Co., O; Muskingum; 1850. S. M. Hutchison, 1854-7; J. McNeal, 1857-60; H. Forsyth, S. S., 1861-6; J. Straus, S. S., 1869-70; W. S. Harper, 1872-3; J. D. Palmer, 1876-84; D. W. Irons, 1885- ^ Caledonia Co., Vt.; Vermont; 1790. d^^oodwillie, 1790-1830; T. Goodwillie, 1826-67; J. Service, 1868-77; R. N. Hammond, 1879-82; D. M. McKinlay, 1884- Battle Creek, Ida Co., Iowa; College Springs; July ii, 1883. Bayard, Guthrie Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Nov. 4, 1883. Beaver, Pa.; Beaver Valley; Aug. i, 1853. J. A. McGill, S. S., 1853-60; D. H. A. McLean, 1861-8; J. C. Wilson, 1869-72; J. A. Wilson, 1872-6; J. D. Sands, 1876-80; W. A. Edie, 1880-87. 148 alphabetical list oe congregations Beaver Falls, Beaver Co.’, Pa.; Beaver Valley; July 26, 1869. J. I. Frazer, 1871-83; E. N. McElree, 1885- Beaver Run, Jefferson Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1842. J. Todd, 1843-65; A. B. Stnithers, 1868-71; M. S. Telford, 1873-82; J, R. May, 1886- Beech Woods, Jefferson Co., Pa.; Brookville; Feb. 26, 1870. M. S. Telford, 1873-82; J. R. May, 1886- Bellaire, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; April 29, 1872. R. G. Wallace, 1874- Belle Flower, Ford Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; Oct. 21, 1871. J. L. Fairley, 1874- Bellefontaine, Bogan Co., O.; Sidney; 1832. J. N. Gamble, 1833-42; S. Wallace, 1850-4; J. McHatton, 1855-9; W. H. Jeffers, 1862-5; J. Williamson, 1867-87; Belle Prairie, Hamilton Co., Ill.; Princeton; Dec., 1864. A. S. Montgomery, 1870-4. Bellevue, Allegheny co.. Pa.; Allegheny; May 21, 1872. S. H. Graham, 1874- Belmont, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; 1827. J. Clokey, 1827-34; S. McArthur, 1838-51; J. Alexander, 1853-5; W. Grimes, 1858- Belmore, Putnam Co., O.; Sidney; April i, 1880. R. H. Boyd, 1883- Beni Aadi; Egypt; 1883. Benkleman, Dundy Co., Neb.; Pawnee; Jan. 8, 1886. D. H. Blair, S. S., 1885- Benoob, Egypt; Dec. 4, 1880. Beracha, Indiana co.. Pa.; Brookville; 1824. J. Hindman, 1831-45; J. C. Telford, 1850-67; D. W. McLane, 1871-5; D. H. Blair, 1877-83. Berea, Anderson Co., Kan.; Garnett; Feb., 1858. J. N. Smith, 1858-69; W. R. Erskine, 1871-3; S. W. Gilkey, 1881-5. Berlin, Sangamon Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; 1852. J. M. Gordon, 1854-60; B. F. Pinkerton, 1863-4; A. W. McGibbon, 1866-8. Bethany, Webster Co., Neb.; Pawnee; May, 1878. Bethel [Brush Creek], Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmore¬ land; June 22, 1784. M. Henderson, 1785-8; J. Jamieson, 1793-5; M. Henderson, 1800-18; J. Walker, 1820-3; M. Dick, 1824-35; J. Osborne, 1836-47; W. Conner, 1849-52; A. G. Wallace, 1854-68; J. W. McFarland, 1869-71; W. H. McMaster, 1871-4; J. N. Dick, 1877- Bethel, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1801. E. Henderson, 1802-41 H. Kirkland, 1820-34; J. Kelso, 1852-65; T. F. Boyd, 1867-74. Bethel [Eittle Beaver], Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1800. J. Duncan, 1800-4; D. Irabrie, 1806-42; J. W. Harsha, 1844-53 5 S. Alex¬ ander, 1855-72; J. S. Dice, 1874- WITH THEIK. HISTORICAL RECORD. 149 Bethel, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1810. H. McRodden, 1820-4; N. C. Weede, 1833-48; S. M. Coon, 1850-5; H. Q. Graham, 1856-73; D. H. Blair, 1876-7; T. P. Patterson, 1879- Betliel, Mercer Co., Pa.; Mercer; 1839. R. W. Oliver, 1846-53; J. Armstrong, 1856-68; C. Cummins, 1870-85. Bethel, Perry Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1850. D. Steele, 1860-6; J. C. Elliott, 1868- Bethel, Peoria Co,, Ill.; Central Illinois; June 3, 1853. E. McCoy, 1858-66; T. P. Proudfit, 1868-71; J. Harper, 1873- Bethel [Ca Motte; Zwingle], Jackson Co., Iowa; ke Claire, 1857- J. Stewart, 1858-65; G. W. Torrence, 1866-73 5 W. A. Pollock, 1877-9 5 W. W. Gordon, 1879-85. Bethel, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1832. [Ref. Pres. A. W. Black, 1833-8; J. Hutchman, S. S., 1848-50; D. Ken¬ nedy, 1850-5; J. F. Hill, 1858-66] ; [U. P. 1868; W. D. Ewing, 1870-86; Bethesda, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1780. "M. flenderson, 1785-1829; M. McKinstry, 1836-45; S. Jamison, 1848-66; D. H. Pollock, 1869- Bethsaida [Tipton], Tipton Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; Sept. 8, 1849. A. McCahan, 1855-8; J. P. Wright, 1861-6; J. H. Tedford, 1866-77; T.T. Miller, 1879-83; J. T. Wilson, 1886- Beulah, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; June 14, 1844. W. Conner, 1844-57 I J- D- Walkinshaw, 1860-5; T. F. Boyd, 1867-75 I A. R. Rankin, 1879-86. Beulah, Monroe Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; Feb. 12, 1852. [Pre¬ viously a part of Caledonia.] I. Faries, 1852-8; W. J. Robinson, 1859-73 ; W. H. Haney, 1873-83 ; H. H. Wallace, 1884-6; J. A. Anderson, 1887- Beulah, Crawford Co., Kan.; Garnett; April 26, 1880. W. L. Garges, 1882-85. SiSLcSPOTg) Cumberland Co., Pa.; Big Spring; Sept, 1764. v/ J. Rodgers, 1772-81; J. Jamieson, 1784-92; J. McConnell, 1799-1809; A. Sharp, 1824-57 I W. L. Wallace, 1861-79 > G-. M. Reed, 1880- Big Spring, Blount Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; 1868. J. McNeal, 1869-79. Big Springs, Keith Co.; Pawnee; July, 1887. Biggsvilk, Henderson Co., Ill.; Monmouth; June 3, 1866 part of Ellison]. D. W. McLane, 1866-68; J. M. Baugh, 1868-9; Thorn, 1871-2; R. Graham, 1873-86; J. A. Renwick, 1887- Birmingham, Van Buren Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1841. D. Lindsay, 1842-54; S. McArthur, 1855-64; J. S. Ross, 1866-73 5 Graham, 1876-80; G. Warrington, 1882- Blairsville, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1831. N. C. Weede, 1833-8; J. G. Fulton, 1839-47 ; M. Clarke, 1853-55 ; W. Con¬ ner, 1858-64; D. W. Collins, 1865-82; W. H. McMaster, 1882- Blanchard, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; May, 1874. R. M. Sherrard, 1881-84. AI.PHABETICAI. LIST OF CONGREGATIONS Bloomfield, Muskingum Co., O.; Muskingum; March 20, 1818. D. McLean, 1824-54; J. P. Lytle, 1855- Bloomfield, Jefferson Co., O.; Steubenville; Oct. 10, 1871. J. M. Jamieson, 1871-6. Bloomington, Monroe Co., Ind.; Princeton; Sept. 7, 1833. [Asso. Ref., W. D, Turner, 1836-69]; [Ref. Pres., Dr. Wylie, 1838-69]; [Asso., I. N. Laugliead, 1839-43; J. Bryan, 1855-62]; [united under Mr. Turner as U. P.]; W. P. McNary, 1870-84; S. R. Lyons, 1885- Blue Hill, Webster Co., Neb.; Pawnee; May, 1885. Blue Mound, Hinn co., Kan.; Garnett; April 22, 1880. O. G. Brock ett, 1883-87; Bluestone, Mecklenburgh Co., Va.; Board of Missions to the Freedmen; April 20, 1884. J. A. Ramsay, S. S., 1885- Bonilla, Beadle Co., Dak.; Omaha; May 17, 1884. W. T. Moffett, S. S., 1884- Boolac; Egypt. Boston, Mass.; Boston; Nov. 26, 1846. A. Blaikie, 1847-80; J. Hood, 1881- Boston, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Feb. 27, 1885. D. M. Thorn, 1885- Bovina, Delaware co., N. Y.; Delaware; Oct., 1809. R. Laing, 1814-23; J. Graham, 1832-53; J. B. Lee, 1856- Boyden, Sioux Co., Iowa; College Springs; Nov., 1883. W. E. Dunlap, 1886- Braddock’s Field, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; July 27, 1864. J. S. Easton, 1869-76; W. S. Fulton, 1877-8; S. J. Shaw, 1879- Brighton; Washington Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1845. S. F. Vanatta, 1855-63; W. Wright, 1865-9 i S. Vincent, 1872-9. Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y.; Albany; 1804. R. Proudfit, 1804-18; J. Otterson, 1821-7; M. N. McLaren, 1827-33; D. Caw, 1834-45; J. M. Graham, 1848-57; J. L. Clark, 1858-72; A. Henry, 1873- Brockway, St. Clair Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1867. W. Robertson, 1868-75 5 A. B. McCarroll, 1879-82; J. R. Baird, 1884- Brooklyn, N. Y., ist Church; New York; March 21, r849. S. F. Farmer, 1855-61; J. T. Wilson, 1862-67 i M. L. Ross, 1869-^2 ; R. T. Wylie, 1872-5 ; J. H. Andrew, 1876- Brooklyn, N. Y., 2d Church; New York; Sept. 8, 1858. D. J. Patterson, 1858- Brookville, Jefferson Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1840. J. C. Truesdale, 1859-64; A. B. Stmthers, 1868-71; G. C. Vincent, 1872-7 ; G. A. B. Robinson, 1878- Brownsdale, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1859. R. M. Patterson, 1861-4; R- G-. Young, 1871-5; R. P. McClester, 1880- Brownsville, Linn Co., Oregon; Oregon; 1851. W. Blain, 1853-61; J. Worth, 1862-74; T. J. Wilson, 1877- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 151 Brownsville, Monroe Co., O.; Wheeling; 1850. S. Ramsay, 1860-1; J. J. Imbrie, S. S., 1875-6; M. M. Pollock, 1877-83. Bruce, Lapeer Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1846. A. Irons, 1853-8; J. M. Maclellan, S. S., 1860-3, 1866-70; J. B. Wil¬ son, 1871-9; W. W. Curry, 1881-7 ; Buchanan Hill, Marshall Co., W. Va.; Wheeling; 1848. H. Parks, 1856^1; W. A. Wilson, 1880-1; A. J. Hanna, 1882-4. Buckland, Auglaize Co., O.; Sidney; Nov. ii, 1881. J. E. Kerr, 1882-4; J. C. Gibney, 1886- Buena Vista, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1875. D. Dodds, 1876-7. Buena Vista, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Jan. 8, 1867 [part of Bethesda, having regular services for several years previous to organization]. J. S. Speer, 1867-73 5 1 ^ 1 * Thorn, 1879-87. Buffalo, N. Y., Caledonia; Aug. 9, 1848. C. Kendall, 1850-72; H. W. Crabbe, 1873-84; R. C. Dodds, 1886- Buffalo, Marquette Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; March 25, 1852. W. Smith, 1864-72; H. B. Turner, 1877-80; R. G. Campbell, 1882-7; Buffalo, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; 1812. J. Dickie, 1811-36; W. Galbraith, 1836-66; R. B. Robertson, 1867-72; L. McCampbell, 1873- Burchard, Pawnee Co., Neb.; Pawnee; June, 1881. W. M. Richie, 1884- Burgettstown, Washington Co., Pa.; Frankfort; 1802. W. C. Brownlee, 1809-12; A. Donnan, 1819-39; R. J. Hammond, 1846- 56; S. H. Graham, 1862-71; J. Hood, 1872-8; D. W. Carson, 1878- Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y.; Delaware; June 8, 1835. S. Topping, 1840-4; J. M. Herron, 1857-8; R. G.‘Wallace, 1861-6; S. I. McKee, 1868-70; T. A. Scott, 1874-87; Burlington, Des Moines Co., Iowa; Keokuk; Feb. 16, 1876. E. D. Campbell, S. S., 1875-7; J- A. Pollock, S. S., 1878-81; P. Swan, 1882- Butler, Pa.; Butler; 1805. I. Niblock, 1819-64; J. Gailey, 1866-71; G. McCormick, 1872-3; R. G. Ferguson, 1875-84; J. S. McKee, 1885- Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; 1832. J. Laing, 1834-58; J. E. Taylor, 1859-66; J. M. Smeallie, 1868-8; A. F. Ashton, 1870-74; A. S. Biddle, 1875-9 5 W. J. Martin, 1880-6. Cadiz, Harrison Co., O.; Wheeling; Asso. Ref, Oct. 30, 1813; Asso., about 1814. [Asso. Ref.], W. Taggart, 1814-38; A. Wilson, 1840-51; J. C. Forsyth, 1852-8; [Asso.], J. Walker, 1814-18; T. Hanna, 1821-49; J- R- 1849-52; S. Patton, 1853-4; J. S. McCready, 1856-64; consolidated, 1864; W. T. Meloy, 1865-78; S. R. Frazier, 1878-80; S. M. Bailey, 1881-86; R. G. Ramsay, 1887- Cairo, Eg>'pt; Feb. 15, 1863. Calcutta [West Union], Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; 1815. E. N. Scroggs, 1820-51; J. B. Barclay, 1852-57; T. Andrews, 1861-62; AI.PHABETICAI. LIST OF CONGREGATIONS 152 J. W. Martin, 1865-68; J. H. Leiper, 1868-81; R. A. Gilfillan, 1883-85 ; W. J. McClintock, 1885- Caledonia, Ivivingston Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; Nov. 3, 1810. J. Campl^ell, 1813-17; W. Boyse, 1819-23; D. C. McLaren, 1826-52; \V. S. McLaren, 1853-70; D. F. Bonner, 1871-84; R. M. Russell, 1884- Caledonia, Switzerland Co., Ind.; Indiana; 1833. W. Horne, 1834-48; R. N. Kirkpatrick, 1854-6; T. Dickson, 1858-62; A. McBride, 1873-9 1 N. R. Walker, 1879-82; J. E. Black, 1886- Caledonia, Ritchie Co., W. Va.; Wheeling; 1843. D. B. Jones, 1849-55 ; D. M. Sleeth, 1874- Caledonia, Wabasha Co., Minn.; Minnesota; March 19, 1861. J. D. Smith, S. S., 1868-70; J. T. Tate, S. S., 1870-1; J. L. Whitla, S. S., 1871- 2; J. T. Tate, S. S., 1873-5; J. Rodgers, S. S., 1876-78; B. Mc¬ Cullough, S. S., 1878-80. Caledonia, Columbia Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; Sept. 4, 1862. H. Brown, 1867-76; H. B. Turner, 1877-8; D. P. George, S. S., 1879-80; J. D. Smith, 1881- California, Branch Co., Mich.; Sidney; June 16, 1865. J. E. Kerr, 1885- >/ Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; April 19, 1769. J. Dunlap, 1791-1816; D. C. McLaren, 1820-6; W. Howden, 1829-34; P. Gordon, 1835-40; T. C. McLaury, 1842-52; W. B. Shortt, 1853-86; S. J. Kyle, 1887- Cambridge, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1822. D. McLean, 1824-37; J. McGill, 1838-47; T. Brown, 1850-9; W. H. Mc¬ Farland, 1860- Camp Creek, Carroll Co., Ill.; Chicago; Oct., 1850. S. F. Thompson, S. S., 1864-8; C. H. Mitchell, 1872- Camp Run, Butler Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Sept. 28, 1872. J. Patterson, 1874-9. Canonsburg [Speer’s Spring], Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1830. A. McCahan, 1831-43; T. Callahan, 1844-8; W. Wallace, 1850-1; D. Paul, 1853-5 ; W. H. Andrew, 1857-9; T. W. Bain, 1861-7; J. G. Carson, 1867-9; W. Weir, 1870-3; J. S. Spear, 1874- Cannonsburg, Hancock Co., O.; Sidney; Asso., 1836; Asso. Ref., 1847. [Asso.] S. McLean, 1842-9; J. M. Snodgrass, 1851-6; [Asso. Ref.] J. R. Bonner, 1851-9; [U. P.] J. Rodgers, 1863-68; W. Wright, S. S. and pastor, 1876-81; J. E. Kerr, 1882-4. Carbon Centre, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Sept. 10, 1878. Carmel, Jefferson Co., Ind., Indiana; [organized in 1798, as Drennon’s Creek, in Henry Co., Ky., and removed to In¬ diana in 1812]. A. Fulton, 1798-1818'; A. Isaac, 1820-7; J- Wallace, S. S., 1831-2; J. M. Henderson, 1834-44; M. Arnott, 1847-74; H. P. Jackson, 1876- Carnahan Creek, Riley Co., Kan.; Concordia; 1862. J. P. Finney, S. S., 1867-71; W. P. Currie, S. S. and pastor, 1873-83; G. E. Carnahan, 1886- Carrollton, Carroll Co., O.; Steubenville; 1841. J. Golden, 1851-7 ; J. W. Martin, 1862-5 ; J. R. slentz, 1867-9; A. J. Allen 1872- 82; N. E. Wade, 1886- WITH THEIR HISTORICAE RECORD. 153 Cascade, Dubuque Co., Iowa; Le Claire; Oct. 27, 1862. J. Sawhill, 1863-75; W. Donaldson, 1877-86. Cass Centre, Cass Co., Iowa; College Springs; 1867. W. M. Graham, S. S., 1871-5; R. T. McCrea, 1876- Cassville [Moorefield], Harrison Co., O.; Wheeling; 1837. H. Parks, 1837-56; W. G. Waddle, 1859- Cedar Creek, Warren Co., Ill.; Rock Island; July 4, 1835. J. C. Porter, 1841-63; J. A. Reynolds, 1863-72; J. M. Atchison, 1873-84; W. Donaldson, 1886- Cedar Rapids [Kingston], Iowa; ist Church; Cedar Rapids; 1851. H. sturgeon, 1856-9; J. E. Fulton, 1864-68; D. M. Gordon, 1868-74 i J. Duncan, 1875-84; J. A. Monteith, 1885- Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 2d Church; Cedar Rapids; Sept, ii, 1874. J. T. Wilson, 1875-7; J- H. Niblock, 1880-87. Cedarville, Greene Co., O.; Xenia; 1844. J. H. Buchanan, 1848-54; J. P. Wright, 1856-60; J. A. McCall, 1863-64; W. H. Haney, 1865-72; H. F. Wallace, 1875-83; A. M. Campbell, 1885- Center [Slippery Rock], Dawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1820. J. Ferguson, 1823-4; D. Norwood, 1826-33; J. Neil, 1838-57; J. B. Bar¬ clay, 1862-7 ; J- H. Peacock, 1867-73 5 J- Glenn, 1874-81; A. K. Duff, 1882-87. Center, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; May 2, 1859. D. S. Kennedy, 1862-72; J. B. Waddell, 1873-86. Center Ridge, Montgomer}^ Co., Iowa; College Springs; June I, 1882. T. T. Miller, 1883-86; R. Hood, 1886- Centerview, Johnson Co., Mo.; Western Missouri; Dec. 21, 1867. J. Thompson, 1868-73; G. W. Torrence, 1874-76; J. A. Sherrard, 1880-2; W. S. Moffatt, 1883-b; Centerville, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Sept., 1848. W. T. McAdam, 1852-3; R. McWatty, 1855-9 i A. R. Rankin, 1859-61; S. C. Reid, 1865-7; W. D. Ewing, 1870-86; Centerville, Appanoose Co., Iowa; Des Moines; March 18, 1872. G. R. Murray, 1876-9; M. B. Brownlee, S. S., 1882- Chariton, Lucas Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Sept. 15, 1858. J. K. Black, S. S., 1868-9; G. P. Raitt, S. S., 1872-3; S. F. Clark, S. S., 1875-6; R. B. Stewart, S. S., 1879-83; Albert Gordon, 1884- Cliartiers, Canonsburgh, Pa.; Chartiers; 1775. Henderson, 1781-95; J. Smith, 1796-1802; J. Ramsay, 1805-49; J. B. Clark, 1853-^0; D. H. French, 1861-6; D. M. B. McEean, 1871-80; W. B. Smiley, 1882- Chartiers, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Jan. 18, 1883. E. P. Paxton, 1885- Chartiers Cross Road, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1810. S. Findley, 1814-20; J. Graham, 1820-9; A. McCahan, 1831-7; T. E. 10* 154 alphabetical list of congregations Speer, 1843-51; J. Andrews, 1853-8; J. C. Herron, 1860-7; H. A. Mc¬ Donald, 1869-72; J. A. Grier, 1874-83; J. H. Timmons, 1884- Chase City, Mecklenburgh Co., Va.; 1872. J. Y. Ashenhust, S. S., 1872-77; became extinct about 1882; organized under Freedmen’s Board, March 10, 1882; M. Clarke, Missionary and S. S., 1878-81; J, A. Ramsay, S. S., 1882-; J. H. Veazey, 1883- Cherry Fork, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; 1803. D. Risk, 1804-9; W. Baldridge, 1809-30; R. Stewart, 1832-51; D. Mc- Dill, 1853-76; J. S. Martin, 1877- Cherry Run, Clarion Co., Pa.; Brookville; May 6, 1858. S. C. Reid, 1860-4; W. A. Black, 1867-72; M. S. Telford, 1873-82. Chesley, Ontario, Can.; Stamford; 1875. W. Findley, 1876-9. Chetopa, Labette Co., Kan.; Garnett; May 10, 1869. W. A. Findley, 1870-2; J. D. Graham, 1876-86; J. A. Thompson, 1887-7. Chiastin, Lane Co., Oregon; Oregon; Feb., 1854. J. M. Dick, 1854- Chicago, Ill.; Chicago; i860. W. C. Jackson, 1861-68; J. M. Baugh, 1869-73; J. W. Bain, 1874-77 1 W. T. Meloy, 1878- Chicopee, Hamden Co., Mass.; Boston; Feb. 15, 1886. G. Kerr, 1887- Chikaskia, Sumner Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; Nov. 30, 1879. L. Magee, 1885-6. Cincinnati, O.; ist Ohio; 1833. J.. C. Steele, 1838-41; J. Prestley, 1842-54; G. D. Archibald, 1855-60; J. D. Turner, 1861-8; W. H. French, 1870- Clarence, Cedar Co., Iowa; Le Claire; i860. L. I. Crawford, S. S., 1864-65 ; J. S. Buchanan, 1866-72; J. B. Galloway 1874-9; Brown, 1880-4; W. F. Johnston, 1885- Clarinda, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; Feb. 22, 1863. D. C. Wilson, 1866-87; Clarksville, Mercer Co., Pa.; Mercer; 1840. B. K. Ormond, 1858-69; C. Cummins, 1870-6; W. J. Snodgrass, 1878- Clayton, Adams Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1845. S. Millen, 1849-56; J. H. Brown, 1864-9; J- Edie, 1869-78; J. V. Pringle, 1879-87. Clearfield, Taylor Co., Iowa;- College Springs; Oct. 26, 1881. J. W. Cleland, 1883-7; Clear Fork, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1847. J. C. Brownlee, 1854-5 ; D. Thompson, 1861-74; J. W. Martin, 1882- Clevelaud, O.; ist Church; Cleveland; Nov. 5, 1843. J. W. Logue, 1843-9; J. McGill, 1849-61; J. S. McConnell, S. S., 1862-65; D. M. B. McLean, 1865-70; H. A. McDonald, 1872-5; J. L. Aten 1876-9; J. M. French, 1881- Cleveland, O.; 2d Church; Cleveland; May ii, 1883. A. H. Eider, S. S., 1883-6; Pastor, 1887- Clifton, Greene Co., O.; Xenia; 1859. W. A. Campbell, 1861-77; R. C. Wyatt, 1778-85; S. M. Bailey, 1886- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 155 Clinton [Union], Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1845. L Niblock, 1845-52; J. Jamison, 1855-60; W. R. Hutchison, 1861-73; J. M. Imbrie, 1875-8; S. B. Stewart, 1882- Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Frankfort [part of Montour]; 1797. W. Wilson, 1800-42; J. Scott, 1843-5; Hanna, 1849-52; J. Thomp¬ son, 1858-66; D. K. McKnight, 1872-86. Clinton, Worcester Co., Mass.; Boston; Jan. 8, 1883. Clintonville, Venango Co., Pa.; Butler; 1850. W. A. Black, 1854-8; D. Forsyth, 1860-67; J. C. McElree, 1869-85. Cochranton [Sugar Creek], Crawford Co., Pa.; Fake; 1815. A. D. Campbell, 1817-20; S. F. Smith, 1828-46; H. H. Thompson, 1847-65; D. Donnan, 1866- Coila, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; Aug., 1785. T. Beveridge, 1789-98; J. Banks, 1799-1802; A. Bullions, 1808-57; H. Gordon, 1857- Coin, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; June 12, 1880. R. M. Sherrard, 1881-3; J. Pattison, 1884- Coldwater, Comanche Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; July 7, 1885. W. R. Hutchison, 1886- College Springs [Amity], Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; June, 1857. S. Anderson, 1867-9; Morrison, 1871-6; W. Johnson, 1877- Colona, Henry Co., Ill.; Rock Island; Dec. 22, 1866. S. H. Weed, 1868-76; J. M. Moore, 1879-81; J. A. Gehrett, 1883-4. Columbus, O.; Xenia; Jan. 8, 1887. Columbus City, Louisa Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1844. W. H. Andrew, 1848-51; A. Story, 1853-75; J. Brown, 1876-83; M. Tid- ball, 1884- Commerce, Oakland Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1845. D. S. McHenry, 1852-57; D. H. Goodwillie, 1861-82; R. M. Sherrard, 1885- Concord, Franklin Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1815. J. Brown, 1815-19; A. McCahan, 1828-30; R. Gracey, 1837-43; D. B. Jones, S. S., 1856-60; J. McKee, S. S., 1861-4; J. A. McGill, 1865-85; J. B. Work, 1886- Concordia, Cloud Co., Kan., Concordia; Nov. 25, 1876. P. D. Patterson, 1879-82; H. T. Jackson, 1883- Conemaugh, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh^^iyoS. Tl). Blair,'1818-39; Gilkerson, 1840-54; W. Conner, *^59-63; D. W. Collins, 1865-74; W. McKirahan, 1876-82. Connellsville, Fayette Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Oct. 30, 1876. D. F. Mustard, 1885-6. Connotton, Harrison Co., O.; Steubenville; Aug. 20, 1849. J. Golden, 1851-7; J. W. Martin, 1862-5; J. R. Slentz, 1867-9; A. J. Allen, 1872-82; N. E. Wade, 1886- Coraopolis, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Sept. 21, 1886. J. A. Lawrence, 1886- 156 alphabetical list of congregations Corning, Adams Co., Iowa; College Springs; Oct. 19, 1871. S. T. Herron, S. S., 1871-5; A. McCartney, S. S., 1875-8; S. T. Herron, S. S., 1884- Cor>^don, Wayne Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1856. L. Proudfit, 1868-81. Cottonwood Falls, Chase Co., Kan.; Neosho; May 25, 1872. J. Taylor, S. S., 1876-84. Coultersville, Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois [Grand Cote, Ref. Pres., became United Presbyterian 1870]. W. S. Brattan, 1859-73; J. H. Peacock, 1873-5; J. H. Gibson, 1877-86. Fulton Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1783. ' M. Lind, 1783-98; J. Young, 1799-1803; J. Lind, 1808-17; T. B. Clarkson, 1823-7; F. W. McNaughton, 1828-57; J. Bruce, 1858-63; R. G. Fergu¬ son, 1866-74; J. E. Black, 1878-83; J. L. Grove, 1885- Covington, Wyoming Co., N. Y,; Caledonia; Sept., 1827. D. Strang, 1836-55; D. S. McHenry, 1858-64; A. B. Gilfillan, 1869- Crawfordsville, Washington Co., Iowa; Keokuk; Oct., 1838. W. Smith, 1841-9; J. D. McNay, 1851-2; N. McDowell, 1854-65; W. M. Richie, 186^71; T. Brown, 1872-9; J. H. Elliott, 1881- Creston, Union Co., Iowa; College Springs; April 18, 1881. L. N. Laiferty, S. S., 1884-6, pastor, 1886- Crete, Indiana Co., Pa; Conemaugh; May, 1854. B. Porter, 1856-9; M. H. Wilson, 1859-62; M. S. Telford, 1864-72 ; H. Q. Graham, 1874- Cross Creek, Brooks Co., W. Va.; Frankfort; before 1800. T. Allison, 1802-38; D. Thompson, 1838-47; J. C. Campbell, S. S., 1869-72; W. H. Hunter, 1875-b; S. Collins, S. S., 1877-80. Crosswell [Davisville], Sanilac Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1863. D. M. Gelvin, 1867-72; J. McGill, 1873-7. Cuba, Crawford Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; Sept. 12, 1868. J. Howie, S. S., i868-h; N. A. Whitehill, 1881- Cutler [Concord], Perry Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; Ref. Pres., Oct, 1841; U. P. 1870. M. Harshaw, 1842-74; T. C. McKelvey, 1880-3; G. G. Wilson, 1887- Cuylerville, Livingston Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; March, 1847. J. B. Scouller, 1847-52; W. C. Somers, 1853-6; F. M. Proctor, 1858-66; J. Rippey, 1866- Dalton [Newman’s Creek], Wayne Co., O.; Mansfield; 1820. S. Irvine, 1821-; J. McKee, 1837-41; J. R. Doig, 1842-8; D. W. Collins, 1850-2 ; J. Y. Ashenhust, 1854-6; A. McCartney, 1858-^1; W. M. Gib¬ son, 1861-3; J. G. Madge, 1870- Dalton, Whitfield Co., Ga.; Tennessee; Ap. 2, 1887. Darlington [Brush Run], Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1800. J. Duncan, 1800-4; D. Imbrie, 1806-42; B. F. Sawyer, 1844-60; H. Stur¬ geon, 1862- Davenport, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Oct. 30, 1868. R. Stewart, 1868-72; J.[H. Wright, 1875-9; J- R- Frazier, 188^ Davenport, Scott Co., Iowa; Rock Island; 1855. J. R. McCalister, S. S., 1855-7; H. Wallace, 1863-71; J. U. McClenahan, WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 157 1873-4; J. Boyd, S. S., 1880-3; Reed, S. S., 1883-4; W. A. Spaulding, S. S., 1885- Davidson, Potter Co., Dak.; Omaha; 1886. Dayton [Glade Run], Armstrong Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1831. J. Hindman, 1831-52; D. K. Duff, 1856-86. Dayton, O.; ist Ohio; i860. J. B. Foster, S. S., 1861-3; W. S. McClanahan, S. S., 1865-6; R. Stew¬ art, S. S., 1866-8; J. W. McNary, 1874-8; D. H. French, 1880- Decatur, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; Aug. 4, 1848. A. W. McClanahan, 1848-62; J. M. Waddle, 1863-8; T. Mercer, 1873-81. Deer Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1802. J. McConnell, 1811-45; A. G. Shafer, 1847-68; S. M. Hood, 1870- Deer Creek, Dawrence Co., Pa.; Mercer [part of Mahoning]; 1795- J. Duncan, 1800-15; R- Douglass, 1820-3; D. Goodwillie, 1826-33 I J- P- Ramsay, 1835-57; J. Alexander, 1857-77; H. S. Boyd, 1878- [New Bedford, Free Pres.; about 1850; J. C. Bigham, S. S., 1854-67; U. P., 1866; about 1870 dissolved, part going into Deer Creek.] DeKalb, Crawford Co., O.; Mansfield; 1844. R. G. Thompson, 1845-60; S. M. Coon, S. S., 1867-8; W. Wishart, 1869-77; S. J. S. Moore, 1881-4 i T. M. Knox, 1886- Delancey [Lansingville], Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; 1849. W. J. Cleland, 1849-57; R. D. Williamson, 1859-61; D. S. McHenry, 1867-75; Park, 1878- Delaware, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Feb. 5, 1879. L. E. Hawk, S. S., 1881- Den ver, Colo; Colorado; June 3, 1883. C. B. Hatch, S. S., 1883-5 ; J. D. Rankin, 1885- Des Moines, Iowa; Des Moines; Oct. 13, 1858. J. H. Young, 1859-63; T. McCague, S. S., 1864-6; R. Tnrnbull, 1867-72 ; J. P. Cowan, 1874-8; T. J. Kennedy, 1878-83; T. A. Shaw, 1884- Detroit, Mich.; Detroit; May 8, 1853. S. Patton, 1854-7; J- T- Scott, 1859-78; R. Turnbull, 1878- Dewitt, Clinton Co., Iowa; DeClaire; Sept., 1855. R. S. Campbell, 1856-68; D. Nicoll, 1869-84; J. P. Gibson, 1885- Dexter, Dallas Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Nov. 2, 1879. O. S. Morrow, 1881-4. Dickson, Dickson Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; Oct. 9, 1869. S. F. Thompson, S. S., 1868- Donegal, Westmoreland Co., Pa; Westmoreland; 1801. J. Cree, 1803-6; J. Scroggs, 1815-72; G. C. Vincent, 1885- [Name changed to Fairmount, 1886.] Dunbar, Otoe Co., Neb.; Omaha; April 6, 1880. H. B. Turner, 1881-4; C. Riddle, 1886- Dundas, Pulaski Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; March 9, 1883. East Brady, Armstrong Co., Pa; Butler; 1871. D. Dodds, 1872-3; J. S. McKee, 1875-80; W. Robertson, 1881-3. 158 ALPHABETICAI. BIST OF CONGREGATIONS Bast Brook, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Mercer; May 8, 1840. T. Mehard, 1841-5; R. A. Browne, 1846-50; W. A. Mehard, 1851- East Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; May 30, 1849. J. McKirahan, 1850-4; J. B. Dunn, 1857-61; J. M. Orr, 1864-5 I W. R. Gladstone, 1868-77 I G. T. Galbraith, 1877-82; W. H. Haney, 1884- East Liverpool, Columbiana Co. O.; Steubenville; 1851. S. W. Clark, 1851-8; T. Andrews, 1861-2; J. W. Martin, 1865-8; J. C. Taggart, 1869- East Palestine, Columbiana Co., O.; Cleveland; 1835. S. Patterson, 1849-55; H. Sturgeon, 1862-66; A. Y. Houston, 1867-72; W. W. Curry, 1875-78; S. Collins, 1880-1; T. W. Winter, 1882-87. East Salem, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; June 26, 1820. J. White, 1825-7 ; 1 ^* Gordon, 1832-43 ; D. W. French, 1847-55 5 H. Brown, 1858-67; J. B. Clapperton, 1869-76; R. J. Cunningham, 1876-87; East Union, Muskingum Co., O.; Muskingum; 1842. S. Wallace, 1843-9; J- Comin, 1851-60; S. Ramsey, 1862-3; J. R. Boyd, 1863-7 ; D. Paul, 1872-6; F. M. Spencer, S. S., 1881-2; J. H. Nash, 1883- East Union, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny, June 3, 1850. J. Given, 1854-7; B. N. McElree, 1863-6; W. Weir, 1866-9 1 J- Bran¬ don, 1871-6; J. M. Witherspoon, 1877-82; W. F. Miller, 1884- East Unity [Scrub Grass], Venango Co., Pa; Butler; 1800. T. McClintock, 1803-32; W. C. Pollock, 1835-52; W. A. Black, 1854- 58; D. Forsyth, 1860-7; J. C. McElree, 1869-85. Ebenezer, Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; May 27, 1865. J. Burrows, 1865-86. Ebenezer, Mercer Co., Pa.; Butler; Oct. 20, 1880. J. J. Imbrie, 1883- Eden, Gibson Co., Ind.; Princeton; 1840. S. C. Baldridge, 1840-53; R. Gray, 1856-65; J. McCrea, 1868-73 I W. G. Spencer, 187^82; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1883- P^en, Cherokee Co., Iowa; College Springs; 1880. Edgerton, Johnston Co., Kan.; Garnet; March 7, 1869. J. W. Martin, S. S., 1869-73; J. N. Smith, 1876-81; W. H. Anderson, 1882-5. Elderton, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1845. B. Porter, 1856-76; J. B. Jackson, 1877- Elk City, Clarion Co., Pa.; Brookville; June 10, 1878. Elkhorn Valley, Holt Co., Neb.; Omaha; June, 1881. T. H. Pollock, 1883-85. Ellison, Henderson Co., Ill.; Monmouth; (Bethel Asso., Aug. 2, 1836. W. Bruce, 1837-47 ;fN. McDowell, 1848-54; E. McCoy, 1856-58;) (Asso. Ref. 1838; J. E. Freetly, 1842-46; W. R. Erskine, 1852-58) com¬ bined in 1858; J. McArthur, 1859-72; J. H. Montgomery, 1875-83; W. J. Buchanan, 1884- Elmira, Stark Co., Ill.; Monmouth; June 15, 1850. N. C. Weede, 1850-7; J. M. Graham, 1857-65; J. H. Montgomery, 1866- 73; J. M. Henderson, 1873-84; J. F. Ross, 1886- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 159 Elvira [Pleasant Prairie], Clinton Co., Iowa; Ee Claire; Dec. 24, 1853. J. B. Clark, 1854-5; R. S. Campbell, 1856-68; D. Nicoll, 1869-72; R. Johnson, 1874-6; G. W. Hamilton, 1877-80; W. G. M. Hays, 1881-6; S. R. McGlaughlin, 1886- Emporia, Eyon Co., Kan.; Neosho; Sept. 10, 1869. J. A. Collins, 1870-3; J. Barnett, S. S., 1876-81; C. Riddle, S. S., 1881-3 i W. I. Brooks, S. S., 1883-5; J. A. Reed, 1886- Englewood, Cooke Co., Ill.; Chicago; April, 1887. Erie, Pa.; Lake; 1811. R. Reid, 1812-44; J- Pressly, 1845-74; J. C. Wilson, 1876- Etna, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Feb. 13, 1868. A. H. Calvert, 1868- Eugene [Pleasant Ridge], Ringgold Co., Iowa; College Springs: Aug. 28, 1871. W. Brown, 1871-7; P. H. Drennen, 1879-81; J. C. White, 1882-4. Evansburg [Conneaut Lake], Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; 1826. M. Snodgrass, 1827-56; W. Bruce, S. S., 1856-60; J. B. Waddle, 1863-71; S. M. Black, 1873-4; J. McNab, 1875-85. Evansburg, Butler, Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1838. W. P. Breaden, 1843-7; W. A. Mehard, 1850-1; T. Drennen, 1853-7; W. H. Jamieson, 1858-63; J. F. Martin, 1866-71; J. S. Brandon, 1873-8; J. M. Dight, 1880- Ewart, Poweshiek Co., Iowa; Des Moines; May 4, 1576. J. Gilmore, 1876- Ewing, Holt Co., Neb.; Omaha; Feb. 26, 1886. Fairfax, Linn Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; 1858. J. T. Torrence, 1865-9; J- Gordon, 1869-71; J. D. Whitham, 1874- 83; M, M. Pollock, 1886- Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1801. J. Cree, 1803-6; J. Scroggs, 1815-72; W. H. Vincent, 1874-87. Fair Grove, Tuscola Co., Mich.; Detroit; Oct. 8, 1873. W. Robertson, S. S., 1877-8; J. B. Wilson, 1879-87; Fair Haven, Preble Co., O.; ist Ohio; 1834. [Part of Hope- well.] J. Morrow, 1835-42; J. Reynolds, 1845-46; J. Y. Scouller, 1847- Fairmount; [see Donegal.] Fairview, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum. S. Findley, 1824-34; A. Miller, 1838-40; H. Forsyth, 1842-61; G. W. Gowdy, 1863-7; S. M. Hutchison, 1867-74; I- N. White, 1875- Fairview [Bear Creek], Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; passed from Pres, to Asso. Ref., 1834. J. Johnston, 1835; J. Green, 1835-44; R. Oliver, 1844-45; J- K- Riddell, 1847-48; J. H. Fife, 1849-55; J. A. Campbell, 1857-9; W. P. Breaden, 1860-71; D. Dodds, 1872-7; A. B. C. McFarland, 1878- Fairview [Rock Bluff], Cass Co., Neb.; Omaha; i860. T, McCartney, 1861-8; R. B. Stewart, 1871-3; J. A. Shankland, S. S., 1876-9; G. R. Murray, 1880- Fairview, Poweshiek Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1883. S. I. Lindsay, 1883-6; J. Pettigrew, 1887- i6o alphabetical list of congregations Fairview, Mitchell Co., Kan.; Concordia; May 17, 1873. J. M. McKelvey, 1873-81. Fairview, Dundy Co., Neb.; Pawnee; July 13, 1887. Fall Creek, Highland Co.; O.; Xenia; 1818. J. Brown, 1826-6; J. Graham, 1834-9; J. Arbuthnot, 1841-51; A. Ritchie, 1853-9 i Dysart, 1861-2; J. P. Tedford, 1881-5. Fall River, Mass.; Boston; June, 1846. D. A. Wallace, 1851-4; W. McLaren, 1854-66; J. R. Kyle, 1867-75; J. H. Turnbull, 1876-85; W. J. Martin, 1886- Fleming, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Nov. 6, 1869. D. R. Imbrie, 1872-2; D. M. Thorn, 1873-6; J. H. Veazey, 1877-83; D. R. Imbrie, 1884-6; A. Flick, 1887- Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y.; Albany; 1786. J. Banks, 1803-16; J. Donaldson, 1817-20; P. Campbell, 1823-43; G. M. Hall, 1849-62; R. D. Williamson, 1862-70; R. Rogers, 1871- Fort Gratiot, St. Clair Co., Mich.; Detroit; June 30, 1882. D. H. Goodwillie, 1883- Four Mile, Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; July, 1812. E. N. Scroggs, 1820-49; J. A. McGill, 1851-3; D. H. A. McLean, 1861-6; J. C. Evans, 1867-71; J. Thompson, 1875-8; J. A. Edie, 1880-6. Four Mile, Perry Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; Feb. i6, 1885. G. G. Wilson, 1887- Four Mile, Clay Co., Kan.; Concordia; Oct. 5, 1885. G. B. Carnahan, 1886- JPr^kfQrtngs [Harmon’s Creek; King’s Creek], Beaver OCoT, ; Frankfort; Aug., 1790. J. Anderson, 1792-1830; W. M. McBlwee, 1833-78; D. C. Stewart, 1881- Franklin, Venango Co., Pa.; Lake; 1862. A. H. Caldwell, 1865-7 5 J* McCartney, 1868-72; G. T. McClelland, 1874-6; N. Winegart, 1878-84. Franklinville, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; June, 1867. W. Donaldson, 1870-4; D. G. McKay, 1876- Frazer, Huron Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1882. A. McLeod, 1883-87. Fredericksburg [Salt Creek,] Wayne Co., O.; Mansfield; 1818. S. Irvine, 1821-61; T. J. Kennedy, 1866-9; Atchison, 1871-8; W. S. Harper, 1879-83; J. McNaugher, 1885-6; Freeport, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; 1820. [Asso.; after 1858 known as the ist U. P.], H. Kirkland, 1820-34; W. Galbraith, 1836-66; R. B. Robertson, 1867-72. [Asso. Ref., 1849; 2d U. P., J. Jamison, 1855-60; B. N. McBlree, 1863-74;] consolidated, 1877; A. B. Linn, 1877-81; H. C. Marshall, 1883-5. Fremont, Sanilac Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1862. N. A. Whitehill, 1877-8; A. B. McCarrell, 1879-82; J. R. Baird, 1884- Fresno, Fresno Co., Cal.; San Francisco; May 28, 1886. W. W. Gordon, 1886- Gait, Ontario, Canada; Stamford; July 8, 1824. J. Strang, 1833-57; R. Acheson, 1858-73; W. H. Andrew, 1876-9; D. A. Duff, 1880- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. l6l Garner, Hancock Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; Sept. 21, 1872. W. F. McLaughlan, 1880-2; J. E. Stewart, 1883-5; S. I. Lindsay, 1886- Garnett, Anderson Co., Kan.; Garnett; Oct. 17, 1859. J. N. Smith, 1860-74; C. H. Strong, 1876- Garretsville, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; May 20, 1879. T. C. Scott, 1875-87. Georgetown, Mercer Co., Pa.; Dake; 1825. J. Burrows, 1858-60; J. A. Bailey, 1863-9; Brown, 1871-3; W. R. Bruce, 1875- Gerlaw [Spring Grove], Warren Co., Ill.; Monmouth; June 22, 1855. J. C. McKnight, 1856-60; W. M. Graham, 1860-3; T. P. Patterson, 1864-8; D. Inches, 1869-74; R. Johnson, 1876-80; W. J, McCrory, 1883-4; A. W. Jamieson, 1885- ^ I^gttyslj^iir g^ [Rock Creek], Adams Co., Pa.; Big Spring; Aprils, 1753. A. Dobbin, 1774-1809; C. G. McLean, 1814-42; R. Gracey, 1844-9 J B). T. Carnahan, S. S., 1852-4; J. R. Warner, S. S., 1854-7 J W. McElwee, 1858-63; J. S. Woodburn, 1864-5 I J- Jamison, 1868-84. Gilead, Wood Co., O.; Sidney; Aug 6, 1854. J. Duff, 1854-68; Wm. Wright, 1868-73; J- C. Bigham, S. S., 1874-7; W. Wright, 1879-81; D. W. Irons, 1883-4. Glade Run, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1812. J. France, 1820-41; W. Douthett, 1849-54; J. G. Barnes, 1862-70; I. T. Wright, 1872-81; R. E. Lackey, 1884- Glade Run, Carroll Co., O.; Steubenville; i8i8. J. Donaldson, 1823-34; J. Patterson, 1837-50; J. B. Barclay, 1852-7; J. Boyd, 1859-65; I. N. White, 1866-75; J- S. McMunn, 1883- Glen Dale, Scott Co., Minn.; Minnesota; Aug. 4, 1861. J. L. Whitla, S. S., 1868-71; J. Rodgers, 1871-5; S. T. Herron, 1878-83. Goldfield, Wright Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; March i, 1884. J. Duncan, 1885- Goorneh; Egypt; 1882. Goshen, Perry Co., O.; Muskingum; Sept. 21, 1832. D. Lindsay, 1834-41; J. B. Forsyth, 1847-51; W. S. Harper, S. S., 1875-7; H. Huston, S. S., 1878-84. Graham’s Church, Orange Co., N. Y.; New York; 1802. J. Mcjimsey, 1802-9 ; A. J. Stansbury, 1810-16 ; J. Mcjimsey, 1819-54 ; A. McWilliam, 1855-9 5 J- Erskine, 1861-85; J. E. Stewart, 1887- Grand Mound, Clinton Co., Iowa; EeClaire; Aug. 28, 1879. J. P. Gibson, 1885- Grand Prairie, Washington Co., Iowa; Keokuk; Oct., 1859. J. R. Doig, 1865-6; H. T. Ferguson, 1875-82; N. R. Walker, 1883-6. Grant’s Hill, Jeflferson Co., O.; Steubenville; 1866. H. Y. Leiper, 1870- Greeley, Anderson Co., Kan.; Garnett; June 8, 1878. S. W. Gilkey, 1881-5 5 O- Brockett, 1887- Greeley [successor to Evans]; Weld Co., Col.; Colorado; Feb. 25, 1884. [Sept. 5, 1874; S. B. Reid, S. S., 1874-6; T. B. McKee, 1876-7; D. M. II i 62 alphabetical list of congregations ' Gordon, 1878-80; S. B. Reed, 1881-82; Dissolved, 1884.] H. F. Wal¬ lace, 1885- Greenfield [Hop Run], Highland Co., O.; Xenia; 1809. J. Crothers, 1811-18; J. Brown, 1826-6; J. Graham, 1834-9; J. Arbuth- not, 1841-51; A. Ritchie, 1853-65; R. K. Campbell, 1865-70; J. P. Tedford, 1881-5. Greenfield, Adair Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Feb. 16, 1878. J. F. Martin, 1879-83. Greensboro, Orleans Co., Vt.; Vermont; 1845. G. Campbell, 1850-61; H. Browm, 1864-7; Browm, S. S., 1867-70; A. S. Stew^art, 1878-81; A. McBride, 1882- Greensburg, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Sept. 19.1857. J. G. Fulton, S. S., 1869; J. B. Jackson, 1873-5; J- Stevenson, 1878-84; J. A. Brandon, 1885-7. Greenville, Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; 1801. D. McLean, 1802-40; D, H. A. McLean, 1841-52; W. C. Jackson, 1854- 61; J. H. Tedford, 1862-5; J. R. Brittain, 1866- Greenville, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1861. J. T. Wilson, 1861-6; G. P. Raitt, 1866-9; D. H. Blair, 1876-7; T. P. Patterson, 1879-84. Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; May 26, 1880. S. Bigger, 1880-5; J- T. Wilson, S. S., 1886- Green WOod, Jackson Co.; Mo.; Western Missouri; March 17, 1868. R. Ross, S. S., 1868; J. P. Dysart, S. S., 1869; J. M. McKitrick, 1870-3; M. M. Brown, S. S., 1875-6; W. Wright, i%^83; J. A. Morrow, 188^ Gujranwala, Punjab, India; Sialkot; Mar. 30, 1884. Gurdaspur, Punjab, India; Sialkot; 1881. Grove City [Pine Grove], Mercer Co., Pa.; Butler; Sept, ii, 1879. W. B. Barr, 1879-85 ; J. C. McElree, 1885-6; J. A. Reed, 1887- Qninston [Muddy Creek], York Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1754. '^"' J. Clarkson, 1773-1808; A. Gordon, 1818-25; J. Adams, 1833-55; F. Mc- Burney, 1856-68; S. Jamison, 1871- Halsey [Harmony], Linn Co., Ore.; Oregon; 1854. T. S. Kendall, 1854-70; R. J. Thompson, 1876-7; T. J. Wilson, 1877- Hamilton, O.; ist Ohio; 1817. D. MacDill, 1818-47; W. Davidson, 1848-74; A. W. Clokey, 1874-6; J. W. Bain, 1877-82; E. C. Simpson, 1882- Hanover, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; about 1825. J. Prestley, 1837-40; J. J. Buchapan, 1842-4; T. Calahan, 1849-54; W. L. McConnell, 1857-8; J. Hagerty, 1858-^1; W. M. Richie, 1862-5; J. L. Purdy, 1867-81 ; M. S. Telford, 1882- Hanover [Apple River], Jo Daviess Co.. Ill.; Chicago; Sept., 1841. T. Ferrier, 1841-53; [Galena branch, 1845; W. W. Harsha, 1846-54; R. Acheson, 1857-8;] W. P. Currie, 1858-66; J. D. Smith, 1870^; J. A. Monteith, 1879-84; J. C. White, 1885- Harbor, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Aug. 20, 1852. W. G. Reed, 1854-7; T. W. Winter, 1861-5; D. R. Imbrie, S. S., 1868-9; WITH THKIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 1 63 J, Armstrong, S. S., 1870-3; A. Y. Houston, S. S., 1876-9; J. J. Im- brie, S. S., 1879-82; A. P. Hutchison, 1885- Harlansburg, L^awreuce Co., Pa.; Butler; 1854. N. E. Brown, 1866-86; M. B. Patterson, 1887- Harmarville [Indiana], Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Oct. 13, 1838. J, Gilmore, 1842-56; W. G. Reed, 1860- Harmony [Boiling Spring], Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1800. T. McClintock, 1803-32; W. C. Pollock, 1835-52; S. Kerr, 1853- Harinony, Peoria Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; 1836. J. P. Pinkerton, 1845-7 ; R- R- Coon, 1848-54; J. W. Pinkerton, 1858-62 ; J. M. Gordon, 1862-9; J. Harper, 1873- Harrisville, Harrison Co., O.; Wheeling; Jan., 1866. J. P. Dysart, 1869-70; D. R. Imbrie, 1873-7; J. M. Farrar, 1878-84; O. G. McDowell, 1885-6. Hartstown [Crooked Creek], Crawford Co., Pa; Cake; 1830. S. F. Smith, 1831-46; W. Dalzell, 1850-50; H. H. Hervey, 1853- Hayesville, Ashland Co., O.; Mansfield; 1832. S. Hindman, 1832-41; J. L. McLean, 1843-55 ; J. Y. Ashenhust, 1856-72 ; G. M. Reed, 1876-80; W. Wishart, 1881-5 ; W. S. Rae, 1887- Hebron , Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; 17 92. tfi^T^irs, 1793-4; J. Gray, 1798-1803; A, Denham, 1806-23; J. McAuley, 1827-35; J. Middlemass, 1836-8; A. Shand, 1839-50; J. Kimball, 1853-6; G. H, Robertson, 1858-60; I. N. White, 1861-3; J. R. Fisher, 1866-74; T. Wylie, 1875-6; J. Hood, 1878-81; W. S. McEachron, 1881- Hebron, Porter Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; 1830. W. Blain, 1842-7 ; J. N. Buchanan, 1851- Hebron, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Aug. 30, 1850. H. C. McFarland, 1858-64; D. Barclay, 1867- Heiiderson, Warren Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1830. J. C. Bruce, 1833-48; J. Scott, 1849-66; T. G. Morrow, 1869-72; D. A. Wallace, 1874-5; C)- MacDill, 1877-84; R. J. Davidson, 1885- Hiawatha, Brown Co., Kan.; Kansas; Oct. 28, 1876. J. P. Black, 1881-2; L. M, Williamson, 1885-7. High Point, Ness Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; 1886. High Ridge, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; [Ref. Dis. Pres.], 1824. J. Anderson, 1824-51; J. Alexander, 1853-5; W. Grimes, 1858-71; T. Love, 1872-85. Hoboken, New Jersey; New York; Nov. 29, 1854. W. G. McElhenny, 1855-60; S. C. Marshall, 1861-3; H. Allen, 1866-7; R. Armstrong, 1868-71; J. Price, 1874-7; W. H. McKee, 1878-9; J. C. Scott, 1880-5. Hodgeman Centre; Hodgeman Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; 1886. Holland Creek, Dickinson Co., Kan.; Neosho; May 5, 1877. S. Alexander, S. S., 1881-2. Holyoke, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Dec. 25, 1874. W. P. Shaw, 1877- Homer City, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; June 17, 1873. H. Q. Graham, 1874- 164 alphabeticai, list of congregations Homestead, Rock Island Co., Ill.; Rock Island; 1852. A. A. Rodgers, 1856-8; W. Cooke, 1859-70; R. S. Campbell, 1872-8; S. A. Moore, 1879-81. Hookstown, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; 1846. T. Calahan, 1848-54; M. Ormond, 1859-67; A. I. Young, 1869-72; J. P. Davis, 1872-4; S. C. Reid, 1879-82; W. McKirahan, 1884- Hoopeston, Vermillion Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; May 5, 1872. R. C. Wyatt, S. S., 1873-6; T. A. Houston, 1879-87; Hopewell, York Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1801. C. Campbell, 1801-4; J. Wilson, 1808-12; D. B. Jones, 1843-7; W. Car- lile, 1848-56; J. Boyd, 1857-8; F. McBumey, 1859-68; S. Jamison, 1871-5 ; J- Jamison, 1875- Hopewell, Preble Co., O.; ist Ohio; Sept, 1808. A. Porter, 1814-33; A. Bower, 1834-7; S. W. McCracken, 1840-59; J. McHatton, 1861-75; J. C. Campbell, 1878-84; E. H. Huston, 1884- Hopewell, Perry Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1832. S. C. Baldridge, 1832-6; J. Thompson, 1840-6; J. Morrow, 1849-53; W. Wright, 1859-63; T. D. Davis, 1864-8; J. E. Richie, 1868-74; W. L. Garges, 1880-1 ; G. G. Wilson, 1887- Hopewell, Hincoln Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; 1871. J. W. Wait, 1873-8; D, Strang, 1878- Hopewell, Mitchell Co., Kan.; Concordia; May 7, 1876. J. McKelvey, S. S., 1876-7; J. P. Finney, 1879- Hopkinsville, Warren Co., O.; ist Ohio; 1815. J. Graham, 1830-4; P. Montfort, 1836-46; H. Allen, 1847-55; R- Campbell, 1856-65 ; H, Y. Leiper, 1867-9; J. H. Elliott, 1870-80; S. A. Buck, 1880-3 J P- S. McClenahan, 1887- Howard, Steuben Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; 1826. J. Campbell, J. Skellie, and others as S. S.; P. C. Robertson, 1858-83; J. C. Hammond, 1884-7. Howard, Elk Co., Kan.; Neosho; Jan. 18, 1873. W. H. Reid, 1884-6. Huntsville [Cherokee], Logan Co., O.; Sidney; 1831. J. Wallace, 1832-61; W. C. Dunn, 1865-70; J. H. Buchanan, 1870-9; A. H. Orr, 1882- Iberia, Morrow Co., O.; Mansfield; March 30, 1829. S. Hindman, 1830-48; J. L. Bull, 1848-53; W. H. French, 1857-70; M. L. Ross, 1872-4; J. P. Robb, 1875- Idana (Hebron, Chapmanville) , Clay Co., Kan.; Concordia; Oct. 16, 1875. J. McKelvey, 1882-3; J- McKitrick, 1884- Idaville [Burnett’s Creek], White Co., Ind.; Northern Indi¬ ana; 1843. J, Thompson, 1847-52; T. Calahan, 1858-63; J. R. Reasoner, 1865-7; G. Small, 1869-77; M. Tidball, 1881-4; A. K. Strane, 1885- Indiana, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1817. D, Blair, 1818-62; W. Fulton, 1864-70; W. S. Owens, 1871-7; J. D. Brownlee, 1877- Indianapolis, Ind.; Indiana; 1849. J. C. Steele, 1849-53; S. Wallace, 1854-8; G. Small, S. S., 1860-7; A. W. Clokey, S. S., 1867-8 ; [Services suspended and property sold ; revived with new property 1872;] J. L. Clark, S. S., 1872-4; J. P. Robb, S. S., 1874-5; H. G. McVey, S. S., 1875-6; J. P. Cowan, 1880- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 165 Indian Creek, Montgomer>^ Co., Iowa; College Springs; June I, 1882. W. R. Cox, 1882-6; R. Hood, 1886- Indianola, Warren Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1863. A. McCartney, 1866-71; J. Calhoun, 1873- Ireton, Sioux Co., Iowa; College Springs, Nov., 1883. W. E. Dunlap, 1886- Irwin, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Oct. 17, 1874. [Part of Bethel, Westmoreland Co.; from 1861 services were held regularly until separate organization.] E. N. McElree, 1875-9; Hatch, 1880-3; J* Achison, 1884- Irwin [Kirkman], Shelby Co., Iowa; College Springs; April, 1881. H. B. Turner, 1885- Jacksonville, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1841. M. H. Wilson, 1848-62; M. S. Telford, 1864-72; W. McKirahan, 1876-82. Jamestown [Caesar’s Creek], Greene Co., O.; Xenia; 1844. C. Cummins, 1846-61; W. A. Robb, 1863- Jamestown, Mercer Co., Pa.; I^ake; Oct. 30, 1853. H. H. Hervey, 1853-8; T. J. Kennedy, 1859-66; H. F. Stewart, 1867-8; J. R. Wallace, 1871- Jamestown, Cloud Co., Kan.; Concordia; April 17, 1883. H. T. Jackson, 1883-6. Jawilly; Egypt; Jan. 21, 1879. Jefferson, Jefferson Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1828. J. McCarroll, 1836-7; J. McAuley, 1838-41; J. Todd, 1843-58; J. C. Truesdale, 1859-64; A. B. Struthers, 186^71; G. C. Vincent, 1872-7; G. A. B. Robinson, 1878- Jefferson, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Oct. 30, 1857. J. D. Glenn, 1859-61; J. W. McFarland, 1867-9 i Hatch, 1872-3; R. B. Stewart, 1875-9 5 J- C- Hunter, 1881-5; T. W. Young, 1887- Jefferson, Wayne Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Jan. 2, 1871. L. Proudfit, 1872-81; A. R. Munford, S. S., 1882-6. Jersey City, N. J.; ist Church; New York; Oct. 15, 1862. R. A. Hili, 1864-70; T. H. Pollock, 1871-6; G. A. B. Robinson, 1877-8; A. S. Biddle, 1879-82; W. G. Martin, 1887- Jersey City, N. J.; 2d Church; New York; April 4, 1871. R. Armstrong, 1872- Jersey City, N. J.; Summit Avenue; New York; June 13, 1882. A. S. Biddle, 1882- Jetmore, Hodgeman Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; 1886. Jhelum, Punjab, India; Sialkot; 1885. Johnstown, Fulton Co., N. Y.; Albany; March, 1828. J. G. Smart, 1830-7; A. Gordon, 1844-5; A. Thomas, 1858-63; J. A. Williamson, 1864- Johnstown, Cambria Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; Aug. i, 1871. J. W. Swaney, S. S., 1873-6; S. M. Black, 1878-81; J. H. Gibson, 1881- Jonathan’s Creek, Perry Co., O.; Muskingum; 1805. A. Craig, 1808-25; F. Waddle, 1829-36; E. B. Calderhead, 1841-54; J. White, 1862-79; J. H. Leiper, 1882-4; R. B. Patton, 1886- 166 alphabetical list of congregations Jordan’s Grove [Unity], Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illi¬ nois; 1828. [Asso., T. S. Kendall, S. S., 1843-4; B. Porter, 1851-6;] J. P. Wright, 1861-1; R. N. Fee, 1862-71; T. B. McKee, 1875-6; R. C. Hamilton, 1877-79; W. J. Gillespie, 1879-83; W. P. McNary, 1885-6. Kalida, Woodson Co., Kan.; Neosho; Nov. 5, 1870. J. Duff, S. S., 1871-83; E. C. Cooper, S. S., 1873-4; J. Duff, S. S., 1875-81. Kansas City, Mo.; Western Missouri; March 12, 1869. W. C. Williamson, S. S., 1869-70; J. K. Martin, 1871-3; D. M. Mc¬ Clellan, 1874- Kenton, Hardin Co., O.; Sidney; Asso. Ref., 1840; Asso., 1841; U. P., 1859. [Asso. Ref.] J. S. McCracken, 1843-51; J. F. Hutchison, 1853-7; [Asso.] J. Wallace, S. S., 1841-7; J. L. Bull, 1848-58; [U. P.] B. Waddle, 1859-79; J. A. Henderson, 1880-5 J J- C- Roe, 1887- Keokuk, Iowa; Keokuk; Asso. Ref., 1853; Asso., 1855. [Asso. Ref.] W. M. Boyse, 1853-61; [Asso.] J. Brown, 1856-75; D. E. Shaw, 1876-85 ; W. C. Williamson, 1885- Keota, Keokuk Co., Iowa; Keokuk; June 18, 1873. R. H. Barnes, 1875-82; R. Hood, 1882-5. Kerr Ridge, Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; 1852. A. Murray, 1857-60; J. Jamison, S. S., 1864-5; J- K Clark, 1876-83. Kingsville, Johnson Co., Mo.; Western Missouri; Nov. 8, 1867. R. G. Thompson, S. S., 1867-9; J- Graham, 1870-3; J. K. Martin, S. S., 1874-5; W. Stevenson, 1878-84; J. A. Morrow, 1886- King’s Creek, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankport; 1854. J. L. Purdy, 1860-80; J. McKelvy, 1885- Kirkwood [Young America], Warren Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1858. J. B. Foster, 1864-7; W. J. McSurely, 1867-8; J. M. Waddle, 1869-76; L. N. Lafferty, 1877-83; W. T. McConnell, 1884- Kittanning, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; 1845. J. N. Dick, 1849-76; S. J. Glass, 1878-84; D. McCaw% 1886- Knapp, Dunn Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; Feb. 16, 1883. Knoxville, Jefferson Co., O.; Steubenville; 1837. W. Lorimer, 1838-48; J. C. Campbell, 1848-53; J. H. Peacock, 1859-67; J. B. Borland, 1871-87. Knoxville, Marion Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Oct. 22, 1853. J. White, 1856-8; J. A. Vance, 1860-63; k)- T. Bonner, 1865-70; H. F. Wallace, 1872-5; J. H. Nash, 1877-8; J. M. McKitrick, 1880-3; J. C. Calhoun, S. S., 1883-4. Knoxville, Knox Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; March 18, 1877. S. B. Reed, S. S., 1877-81; J. S. McCulloch, S. S., 1881- Koos; Egypt; April 3, 1882. Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Dec., 1792. WTlVIcAuley, 1795-1851; C. Irving, 1847-70; A. M. Smeallie, 1872- Lacona, Warren Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Nov. 15, 1865. A. McCartney, 1866-8; D. Harris, 1870-7; A. McCartney, 1879-83; Al¬ bert Gordon, 1885- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 167 Lancaster, Jefferson Co., Ind.; Indiana; Oct. 30, 1882. La Prairie (Fairfield) Marshall Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1844. N. C. Weede, 1849-61; J. F. Graham, 1863-5; M. Morrison, 1866-70; H. H. Houston, 1875-84. Latrobe, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; May 29,1853. W. Conner, S. S., 1855-7; J- Jackson, 1873-7; J. Stevenson, 1878-82; G. C. Vincent, 1885- -f'- Lai^i^l. Hilh Fayette Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1791. JjTD roudfit, 1798-1824; M. McKinstry, 1836-45; D. H. Pollock, 1849-53; J. H. Fife, 1856-61; T. F. Boyd, 1865-7; T. P. Patterson, 1870-7; S. B. McBride, 1878- Lawrence, Kan.; Kansas; June 18, 1867. J. C. Herron, 1867-75! J- A. Nelson, 1877-84; R, A. George, 1886- Lawrence, Mass.; Boston; 1854. S. F, Thompson, 1855-7; J- Dinsmore, 1859-62; J. Hogg, 1868-75! J- A. Burns, 1876-8; R, A. McAyeal, 1879- Leavenworth, Kan.; Kansas; May i, 1858. B. E. Baldridge, 1858-66; W. P. McNary, 1866-9; Spencer, 1871-9; H. C. Marshall, 1880-2; J, A. Monteith, S. S., 1884-5; W. J. Gillespie, 1886- Lebanon, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1838. S. Wallace, 1843-9 5 J- Duncan, 1850-74; R. C, Criswell, 1878-85; C. E. White, 1886- Lebanon, Mercer Co., Pa.; Mercer; Nov., 1849. G. C. Vincent, 1849-69; R. T. McCrea, 1869-74; C. Cummins, 1876-85. Lebanon, Lincoln Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; 1865. A. B. Coleman, 1868- Lebanon, Laclede Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; April i, 1883. J. F. Martin, 1883-87. LeClaire Prairie, Scott Co., Iowa; Leclaire; 1849. S. E. McKee, 1857-9; S. S. Ralston, 1860-82; J. C. Warnock, 1883- Leechburg, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; March 14, 1881. J. Dodds, 1884- Leesburg, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Mercer; 1859. W. Findley, S. S., 1865-7; W. H. Jeffers, S. S., 1868-9; J. Armstrong, S. S., 1870-2; J. Iv. Robertson, 1875-6 ;J. C. Bigham, 1877- Leipsic [Poplar Ridge], Putnam Co., O.; Sidney; Oct, 1836. S. McLean, 1842-9; J. M. Snodgrass, 1851-8; J. Rodgers, 1863-8; W. Wright, S. S., 1870-3; J. C. Bigham, S. S., 1876-7; R. H. Boyd, 1883-4. Lenox, Taylor Co., Iowa; College Springs; Sept. 19, 1874. J. W. Johnston, 1878-85. Lenox, Chase Co., Neb.; Pawnee; July 19, 1887. Levin, Douglas Co., Minn.; Minnesota; 1871. J. L. Whitla, 1873-85. Lexington [Troy], Richland Co., O.; Mansfield; Nov., 1821. J. Johnston, 1822-42; S. Findley, 1843-6; D. C. Cochran, S. S., 1849-50; R. Gailey, 1850-75; T. P. Dysart, 1875-9 I J* Martin, 1880-4. Liberty, Trumbull Co., O.; Cleveland; 1805. J. Duncan, 1805-15 ; R. Douglass, 1820-3 5 D. Goodwillie, 1826-75 ; W. R. Cox, 1877-80; G. A. Roseburg, 1881- 168 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONGREGATIONS Liberty, Gage Co., Neb.; Pawnee; June 20, 1883. S. B. Moore, 1884- Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.; Albany; 1804. T. White, 1812-13; J. Douglass, 1823-30; J, Beveridge, S. S., 1833-5; A. Lewis, S. S., 1835-7; J. McAuley, 1847-52; J. M, Heron, 1856-6; J. Harper, 1858-72; B. J. Forrester, 1875-6; J. Service, 1877-84; R. A. Elliott, 1887- Lisbon, Waukesha Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; 1847. G. W. Gowdy, 1850-54; S. M. Coon, 1855-62; J. A. Vance, 1867-77; T. E. Turner, 1878- Little Muskingum, Washington Co., O.; Steubenville; Sept. 3- 1847. Supplies; H. Forsyth, S. S., 1862-5; H. Parks, S. S., 1866-78; D. M. Sleeth, S. S., 1878-84. Little York, Warren Co., Ill.; Rock Island; April 28, 1863. W. H. McMillan, 1864-70; W. T. Campbell, 1871-4; D. Anderson, 1875-8; G. W. Hamilton, 1880-5; J. H. Clark, 1887- Living Lake, Washington Co., Iowa.; Keokuk; April 15, 1868. J. Patterson, 1868-72; H. T. Ferguson, 1875-82; N. R. Walker, 1883-6. Locust Grove, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; Sept. 29, 1884. Logan’s Ferry, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland, Dec., 1857. J. Given, 1859-73; A. Young, S. S., 1875- Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1818. D. McLean, 1824-7 ; A. Isaac, 1827-40; J. Marshall, 1844-54; J. Patterson, 1855-67 ; R. H. Boyd, 1870-5 ; J. W. Taylor, 1876- Lone Grove, Pawnee Co., Neb.; Pawnee; April 21, 1877. R. Gray, 1882-5. Loveland, Larimer Co., Colo.; Colorado; Nov. 25, 1875. W. H. McCreery, S. S., 1875-80; W. R. Stevenson, S. S., 1881-83; J. A. Ferguson, 1883- Los Angeles, Cal.; San Francisco, 1884. J. M. Hervey, S. S., 1884- Lower Chancg^jjjd, York Co., Pa.; Big Spring; March 26, 1771. '*"‘*^r^€titti6er?soh^ S., 1771-91; C. Campbell, 1801-4; J. Wilson, 1808-12; D. B. Jones, 1843 -7; W. Carlile, 1848-56; J. Boyd, 1857-8; T. F. Baird, 1861-5; D. G. Bruce, 1869-72; A. S. Aiken, 1875- Low Point, Woodford Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; Nov. 13, 1854. P. H. Drennen, 1858-69; W. Bruce, 1872-4; R. B. Nesbit, 1875-80; W. M. Story, i88i- Lnmber City, Clearfield Co., Pa.; Brookville; Sept. 15, 1868. J. C. Greer, 1872-9. Luxor; Egypt; March 30, 1882. Lyndon, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; Feb. 29, 1840. W. Howden, S. S., 1840-9; D. C. McVean, 1850-65; R. G. Campbell, 1870-80 ;J. D. Lytle, i88i-6;J. L. Thompson, 1887- Lyndon, Osage Co., Kan.; Garnett; May i, 1872. S. Alexander, 1882- Maasera; Egypt; 1880. Macedon, Mercer Co., O.; Sidney; Aug. 27, 1857. W. Wright, 1878-81; J. C. Gibney, 1886- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 1 69 McCune [Jacksonville; Dunbar], Crawford Co., Kan.; Gar¬ nett; July 30, 1870. J. H. Adair, S. S., 1871-4; D. D. Christy, S. S., 1877-9; J- Graham, S. S., 1881-2; J. A. Shannon, S. S., 1883-4. McDonald, Washington Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Feb. 26, 1876. W. G. Nevin, S. S., 1876-7 ; J. M. McArthur, 1877-9; W. D. Irons, 1880- McKeesport, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Oct. 10, 1851. A. G. Wallace, 1854-7 ; M. McKinstry, 1857-61 ; A. H. Elder, 1863-75; J. Kelso, 1877-85; A. I. Young, 1886- McMahon’s Creek, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; 1827. J. Clokey, 1827-36; S. McArthur, 1838-49; J. Alexander, 1853-5; W. Grimes, 1858-63 ; W. S. Moffatt, 1868-82. Madison, Jefferson Co., Ind.; Indiana; Sept. 16, 1844. J. Brown, 1844-55; S. Collins, 1860-7; J- P- Hutchison, 1868-76; J. A. Kennedy, 1878-83; J. L. Aten, S. S., 1883- Madison, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Aug. 7, i860. A. B. Fields, 1862-7; J. A. Nelson, 1872-5 ; S. B. Stewart, 1878-9; J. A. Scroggs, 1881-3; J. A. Lawrence, 1884-6; D. M. Thorn, 1887- l\ [ , ^hnning . Mahoning Co., O.; Beaver Valley; 1795. J. Duncan, 1800-15 i J- Neil, 1838-43 ; R. W. Oliver, 1846-53 ; W. G. Reed, 1854-7 ; T. W. Winter, 1861-72; W. T. McConnell, 1873-83; A. P. Hutchison, 1885- Mahoning, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; Oct. i, 1827. J. Hindman, 1831-45; J. C. Telford, 1850-67; D. M. Thorn, 1868-70; D. W. McLane, 1871-5; D. H. Blair, 1877-83. Mair; Egypt; 1883. Majors, Buffalo Co., Neb.; Omaha; Dec. 20, 1882. I. A. Wilson, 1885- Mansfield, Richland Co., O.; Mansfield; 1819. J. Johnston, 1822-51; W. Dalzell, 1853-7; D. Paul, 1857-65 ; D. H. French, 1866-79; J. A. Anderson, 1880-87; W. H. Vincent, 1887- Mansfield, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Dec. 30, 1856. A. Calhoun, 1858-61; G. K. Ormond, 1870-3 ; C. B. Hatch, 1876-9; T. C. Atchison, 1881- Maple Ridge, Alpena Co., Mich.; Detroit; Feb. ii, 1886. Marali, Punjab, India; Sialkot; March 21, 1882. Marissa, St. Clair Co., Ill. [Hill Prairie]; Southern Illinois; 1870. J. W. Glenn, 1872-9; S. R. Lyon, 1880-5 ; B. McKee, 1885- Marshalltowii, Marshall Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; Oct. 19, 1867. W. M. Richie, 1881-4; W. B. Cherry, S. S., 1885- Martin, Allegan Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1842. W. T. Canning, 1854-7; T. J. Wilson, 1864-8; J. Anderson, 1868-77 1 H. R. Miller, 1881- Martin’s Ferry, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling, 1851. D. G. Bradford, 1856-7; R. G. Campbell, 1863-7; J. R. Slentz, 1870-3; W. Weir, 1874-85; A. E. Brownlee, 1886- II* o 170 AI.PHABETICAI. LIST OF CONGREGATIONS Meade Centre, Meade Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; 1886. Mechanicsburg, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1850. J. C. Greer, 1857-65; S. McArthur, 1866-70; D. H. Blair, 1876-7 ; T. P. Patterson, 1879. Mechanicstown, Carroll Co., O.; Steubenville; about 1835. J. Donaldson, 1841-4; W. H. Jamison, 1846-54; J. Boyd, 1859-69; S. M. Coon, 1871-82; J. S. McMunn, 1883- Mellawi; Egypt; 1876. Mercer, Pa., ist Church [Cool Spring]; Mercer; 1802. T. McClintock, 1803-5; J. Walker, 1811-14; I. Beggs, 1827-36; D. H. A. McLean, 1841-5 ; G. C. Vincent, 1847-52; D. W. French, 1856-75; J. M. French, 1875-80;;. S. McKee, 1881-4; H. W. Crabbe, 1885- Mercer, Pa., 2d Church; Mercer; 1805. J. Gallov/ay, 1811-18; J. L. Dinwiddie, 1820-34; A. Bower, 1839-42; W. T. McAdam, 1847-53! R- McWatty, 1854-82; J. A. Grier, 1883- Mercersburg, Franklin Co., Pa.; Big Spring; Aug., 1822. T. B. Clarkson, 1823-7; F. W. McNanghton, 1828-57; J. Bruce, 1858-63; R, G. Ferguson, 1866-74 J J- Black, 1878-83. Meredith, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; May 26, 1870. R. J. Creswell, 1871-3; J. C. Hammond, 1876-83; H. S. McAyeal, 1887- Mexico,[E ennauagh], Juniata Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1777. \Vr Logan, 1777-1805; T. Smith, 1806-32; J. Shields, 1835-62; J. McCartney, 1862-7 J McBurney, 1869- Mifflin, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; 1803. J. Kerr, 1804-18; S. Weir, 1820-44; J- J- Buchanan, 1846-9; H. C. McFar¬ land, 1853-7; J. D. Glenn, 1859-61; C. B. Hatch, 1871-5; J. C. Hunter, 1881-5. Millersburg, Holmes Co., O.; Mansfield; Asso., Aug. 7, 1825; Asso. Ref., 1841. [Asso.] S. Irvine, 1837-52; J. P. Scott, 1855-9; [Asso. Ref.] D. F. Reid, 1841-7; [U. P.] W. M. Gibson, 1863-73; A. D. McCarroll, 1874-7; A. F. Kirkpatrick, 1880-2 ; J. Gailey, 1885- Milo, Warren Co., Iowa; Des Moines; May 9, 1881. Milo, Vernon Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; Dec. 7, 1884. Milton [Esquesing], Ontario, Canada; Stamford; 1824. D. Coutts, 1836-42; J. D. Cunningham, 1844-48; J. Gillespie, 1851-83; A. F. Kirkpatrick, 1884- Miltonvale, Cloud Co., Kan.; Concordia; June i, 1882. W. I. Brooks, S. S., 1885; pastor, 1886- Milroy [Bethesda], Rush Co., Ind.; Nov. 18, 1835. J. N. Pressly, 1838-51; N. C. McDill, 1852-9; J. I. Frazer, 1861-5; W. A. Hutchison, 1867-9 5 J- G-. Freeborn, 1870-1; A. R. Rankin, 1873-6; J. F. Hutchison, 187^ Mindeii, Kearney Co., Neb.; Pawnee; April 10, 1884. ^ J. A. Duff, 1886- Minyah; Egypt; 1885. Mishta; Egypt; July, 1881. Mission Creek, Pawnee Co., Neb.; Pawnee; 1872. W. A. Pollock, S. S., 1875-6; M. Morrison, 1878- Mitchell, Knox Co., Neb.; Omaha; 1883. W. R. Baldridge, S. S., 1884- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 17I Monmouth, Ill., ist Church; Monmouth; May 9, 1853. D. A. Wallace, 1856-60; A. Young, 1859-63; D. G. Bradford, 1863-67; R, B. Ewing, 1868-9; J. G. Barnes, 1870-80; T. H. Hanna, 1880- Monmouth, Ill., 2d Church; Monmouth; 1862. D. A. Wallace, 1863-8; A. Young, 1863-71; D. M. Ure, 1872-4; W. T. Campbell, 1875- Monroe [Worthington], Richland Co., O.; Mansfield; 1825. J. Johnston, 1833-8; W. Laughridge, 1839-40; G. Wilson, 1842-4; R. Gailey, 1849-63; D. H, French, 1866-68; G. M. Reed, 1876-80; J. K. Martin, 1882-84. Monroe, Jasper Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Aug. 12, 1861. D. F. Bonner, 1865-6; W. Johnston, 1867-70; J. F. Martin, 1871-9; W. E. Shaw, 1879- Morea [Palestine], Crawford Co., Ill.; Princeton; 1859. A. McHatton, 1861-77; O. G. Brockett, 1878-82; W. D. Ralston, 1887- Morganville [Sunday Creek], Morgan Co., O.; Muskingum; 1830. S. L. Haft, 1837-44; J. Burrows, 1852-7; Supplies— Morning Sun [Beech Woods], Preble Co., O.; ist Ohio; Ref. Pres., 1820; U. P., 1870. [Ref. Pres.] G. McMillan, till death; J. H. Cooper, 1867-74; [U. ?•] H. A. McDonald, 1877-8; J. M. Johnston, 1879-81; R. H. Hume, 1882- Morning Sun [Virginia Grove], Louisa Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1840. J. Duff, 1844-7 I W. M. Graham, 1850-60; T. A. Sanson, 1862-4; W. Lor- imer, 1865-70; H. Wallace, 1871-7; W. T. Moffett, 1878-83; T. C. McKelvey, 1885- Moteah; Egypt; Nov. 8, 1871. Mt. Ayr, Ringgold Co., Iowa; College Springs; i860. W. Brown, 1869-77; J. H. Tedford, 1879-85; G. T. Scott, 1887- Mt. Chestnut, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1857. J. A. Clark, 1859-76; T. W. Young, 1879-84. Mt. Gilead, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; June 27, 1843. R. Armstrong, 1847-53; J. C. Bryson, 1855-66; D. K. McKnight, 1872-4; G. H. Getty, 1884-5 5 J- A. Lawrence, 1886- Mt. Hermon, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; March, 1857. J. Duncan, 1857-66; J. T. Campbell, 1869- Mt. Hope, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1800. T. Allison, 1802-37; D. Thompson, 1838-47; J. T. Brownlee, 1851- Mt. Jackson, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1820. D. Norwood, 1826-33; J* Neil, 1838-60; C. Cummins, 1861-9; H. R. McClelland, 1870-85. Mt. Joy, Scioto Co., O.; Chillicothe; Nov. 8, 1851. Supplies; J. B. Gowdy, S. S., 1882. Mt. Nebo, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1838. W. Burnett, 1845-50; J. Greer, 1852-5 ; J. L. Fairley, 1856-69; D. R. Imbrie, 1870-2; W. J. Cooper, 1874-7; D. R. Imbrie, 1878- Pl easant, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1795. ‘IV^tVBrownlee, 1809-12 ; A. Donnan, 1819-52 ; J. R. Thompson, 1853-61 ; W. A. McConnell, 1865- 172 alphabetical list of congregations Mt. Pleasant, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1802. M. Dick, 1807-23; R. Gailey, 1839-49; D. H. Pollock, 1849-53 ; J. H. Fife, 1856-61; A. B. Fields, 1862-7; T. A. Nelson, 1872-5; R. B. Tag¬ gart, 1877-83; H. S. Wilson, 1884- Mt. Pleasant [Swamp Creek], Butler Co., O.; ist Ohio; 1802. D. Risk, 1809-13; S. P. Magaw, 1818-40; J. M. Graham, 1842-7; S. P. Berry, 1849-50; J. S. Robertson, 1852-66; S. R. Frazier, 1867-71; A. F. Ashton, 1874-84; S. A. Livingston, 1887- Mt. Pleasant [Providence], Clinton Co., Ind.; Northern In¬ diana; 1832. J. Reynolds, 1832-40; R. R. Coon, 1842-8; J. P. Wright, 1850-5; S. C. Baldridge, 1856-61; T. Mercer, 1864-70; J. C. White, 1875-80; A. K. Strane, 1881-5; J. T. Wilson, 1886- Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Ref. Pres., 1825, U. P., 1859. T. Guthrie, 1826-65 ; J. F. Martin, 1866-71; J. S. Brandon, 1873-8; J. M. Dight, 1880- Mt. Pleasant, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; Aug. 8, 1877. [Part of Service.] J. H. Breaden, 1879-86. Mt. Prospect, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; Feb. 4, i860. T. Balph, 1864-74; J- T- Davis, 1875-86. Mt. Washington, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Jan. 27, 1884. D. M. Cleland, S. S., 1885; pastor, 1886- Mt. Varnum, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler. J. K. Riddell, 1847-8; J. H. Fife, 1849-55; J. A. Campbell, 1857-9; W. A. Black, 1860-73; J- B. Dodds, 1874-7; R. A. Gilfillan, 1879-82; R. C. Dodds, 1883-85, Mountville [Eight-Tracts], Eawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Val¬ ley; Oct. 28, 1807. A. Murray, 1811-46; J. McClintock, 1847-56; A. Irons, 1859-63; J. M. Donaldson, 1865-70; D. D. Christy, 1871-3; J. Patterson, 1874-82. Mount Zion [Lower Piney], Armstrong Co., Pa.; Brookville. J. Hindman, 1831-52 ; D. K. Duff, 1856-70; J, M. Imbrie, 1882- Mulberry [Bethel], Bates Co., Mo.; Western Missouri; March 28, 1868. W. P. Currie, S. S,, 1868-70; J. P. Wright, 1871-4; J, Taylor, 1876-8; S. W, Lorimer, 1880-6; Mn d H y T.an raster Co., Pa.; Philadelphia; 1742. ""^"[The oldest organization in the Church, having associated as a worship¬ ping assembly ten years before the arrival of the Rev. J. Cuthbertson. Never had an installed pastor, but was supplied as an out station of Octoraro. ] Mumford, Monroe Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; May 13, 1869. [Previously a part of Caledonia.] W. H. Haney, 1873-83; J. A. Nelson, 1884-84; C. H. Robinson, 1886- Murray, Wells Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; 1846. D. Morrow, 1857-63; A. Mayn, S. S., 1866-71; R. Gray, 1873-9; J- McCrea, S, S., 1880- WITH THKIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 173 Murraysville, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Oct. 12, 1877. A. R. Rankin, 1879-86. Nails Creek, Dickson Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; 1869. S. F. Thompson, S. S., 1869- Nakhaleh; Egypt; 1871. Nassau [Pleasant Grove], Mahaska Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Nov. 28, 1870. J. Shearer, S. S., 1874-6; S. F. Clark, 1878- Neshannock, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Ref. Pres., 1814; U. P., 1869. [Ref. Pres. The successive pastors were-Gibson ; -Gibson ; A. W. Black; George Scott; J. Hutchman ; G. R. McMillan ; John Alford ; T. W. Wylie; became U. P., 1869;] J. B. Whitten, 1869-74; W. E. Shaw, 1876-8; E. N. McElree, 1879-85; N. Winegart, 1885- New Alexandria, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Aug. 19, 1805. M. Dick, 1807-16; J. G. Fulton, 1840-7; J. W. Duff, 1848-50; O. Katz, 1861-86. Newark, N. J.; New York; 1850. G. Donnan, 1851-62; A. A. McConnell, 1866-9; A- Crawford, 1869-77; W. M. Gibson. 1878-81; D. W. Lusk, 1881-3; R- 'I'- Wyley, 1885-6 ; J. A. Shaw, 1887- New Athens, Harrison Co., O.; Wheeling; 1851. Supplies, 1851-67; R. G. Campbell, 1867- New Bethlehem, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; 1864. D. F. Mustard, 1872-5; A. H. Orr, 1875-80; J. A. Shrader, 1882- New Brighton [Big Beaver; New Bethel;] [Falls of Beaver], Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Asso., 1803; Asso. Ref., 1825; U. P., 1858. [Asso.] David Inibrie, 1806-8; [discontinued, and revived previous to 1820;] J. France, 1820-41; B. F. Sawyer, 1844-58; [Asso. Ref.J M. Kerr, 1828-30; T. L. Speer, 1840-3; J. McLean, 1848-55; consolidated, 1858; J. D. Glenn, 1863-7; A. G. Wallace, 1868-84; W. B. Barr, 1885- Newburg, N. Y.; New York; Dec. 6, 1859. R. Armstrong, 1861-8; J. G. D. Findley, 1869- New Castle, Pa., ist Church; Beaver Valley; Dec. 25; 1849. R. A. Browne, 1850-67; J. W. Bain, 1868-73 5 R- A. Browne, 1873- New Castle, Pa., 2d Church; Beaver Valley; April 29, 1884. J. Q. A. McDowell, 1886- New Concord [Crooked Creek], Muskingum, Co., O.; Musk¬ ingum; 1812. A. Craig, 1812-23; b). Proudfit, 1824-30; J. Welsh, 1835-6; B. Waddle, 1836-58; J. C. Murch, 1860-76; D. Paul, 1876- New Florence, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; Dec. 23, 1875- D. W. McLane, 1876-80; S. M. Black, 1881- New Jefferson, Harrison Co., O.; Steubenville; Aug. 14, 1838. J. Bryan, 1841-53; J. McKirahan, 1856-63; T. R. Simpson, 1866-70; J. A. Morrow, 1870-85. New Kingston, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Aug. 7, 1857. J. Service, 1862-7; A. W. McGibbon, 1870-83; G. H. Getty, 1886- 174 alphabetical list of congregations New Ivebailou, Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; 1831. J. Donaldson, 1836-42; W. H. Jamison, 1846-54; I. N. White, 1866-75; H. H. Brownlee, 1877-80 ;J. W. Best, 1881- New Lisbon, Columbiana Co., O.; Cleveland; April 22, 1839. S. T. Herron, 1846-68; T. A. Scott, 1869-72; W. G. Nevin, 1873-5; A. H. Elder, 1877-82; W. Wallace, 1887- New Market, Harrison Co., O.; Steubenville; June 24, 1839. J, Bryan, 1841-53 ; J. McKirahan, 1856-63 ; T. R. Simpson, 1866-70 ; J. A. Morrow, 1870-85. New Salem, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; May 30, 1836. J. Duncan, 1850-4; W. Johnston, 1856-66; W. C. Somers, 1869-74; J. W. Martin, 1874- Newton, Jasper Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Dec. 3, 1870. E. S. McMichael, 1872-9 ; J. A. Ferguson, 1879-82 ; J. A. McCalmont, 1886- Newton, Kan.; Neosho; March 7, 1884. C. L. McCracken, S. S., 1885; R. C. Wyatt, S. S., 1885- New Vernon, Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; Oct. 24, 1853. J. Burrows, 1858-60; J. A. Bailey, 1863-9; tJ. C, Brown, 1871-3; W. R. Bruce, 1875-84. New Wilmington, Lawrence Co., Pa., ist Church; Mercer; 1809. A. Murray, i8ii-[- ; A. Boyd, 1833-8; D. R. Imbrie, 1842-67; J. R. Miller, 1867-9 i J- Donaldson, 1870-4; J. H. Gibson, 1876-80; H. G. McVey, 1881- [Neshannock, Free Pres.; 1850; U. P., 1866; J. C. Bigham, S. S., 1854-67 ; absorbed in New Wilmington ist, 1868.] New Wilmington, 2d Church; Mercer; March 27, 1850. W. A. Mehard, 1852-72 ; E. T. Jeffers, S. S., 1874-83 ; J. A. Kenedy, 1884- New York City, Charles Street; New York; March, 1830. J. Irvine, 1831-5 ; H. H. Blair, 1836-77 ; W. J. Gillespie, 1877-9 5 J- White, 1880-7 New York City, Seventh Avenue; New York; March, 1830. J. Irvine, 1831-5; W. J. Cleland, 1843-6; J. Harper, 1850-68; S. H. Gra¬ ham, 1871-4; R. W. Kidd, 1876- New York City, W. 51st St. [Jane Street]; New York; Feb. 3 > 1839- P. Gordon, 1840-6; A. H. Wright, 1847-53; J- Brash, 1855-68; G. D. Matthews, 1868-74; R. Scott, 1875-7; FI- Harshaw, 1878-80; W. M. Gibson, 1881-3; A. H. Harshaw, 1885- New York City, W. 25th Street; New York; Oct 31, 1849. J. Thompson, 1853-71; S. J. Stewart, 1872-4; J. Kirkpatrick, 1875-80; J. B. Clapperton, 1882- New York City, W. 44th Street; New York; Nov. 25, 1855. J. B. Whitten, 1857-9; G. Campbell, 1861-77; W. N. Richie, 1877-82; D. A. McClenahan, 1882-5 ; H. H. Wallace, 1886- New York City, 119th St., [H. 127th St.]; New York; Feb. 20, 1873. G. T. Galbraith, 1875-6; J. Price, 1878-80; R. E. Lackey, 1881-3; W. R. Harshaw, 1885-7. New Zion, Fillmore Co., Neb.; Pawnee; Jan. 13, 1877. D. Forsythe, 1880- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 175 Ninnescah, Sedgwick Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; Dec. 26, 1876. J. S. Turnbull,'1877- * Noblest pwn. Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; 1792. "'W'. wTi'soii, 1800-30; J. Rodgers, 1831-8; J. M. French, 1841-3; F. A. Hutchinson, 1850-69; W. P. Shaw, 1870-5 ; W. B. Cherry, 1878-83 ; G. T. Scott, 1884-5. Norfolk, Va.; Board of Missions to the Freedmen; April 25, 1886. M. Clarke, Missionary, 1883-6 ; W. L. Wallace, 1886- North Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; 1830. D. Stalker, 1831-52 ; W. E. Henning, 1853- North Bend, Dodge Co., Neb.; Omaha; July 19, 1861. I. A, Wilson, 1867-76; D. Inches, 1877-87. North Branch, Madison Co., Iowa; Des Moines; June 5, 1869. C. T. McCaughan, 1869-70; G. P. Raitt, 1874-80; G. W. Torrence, S. S., 1880. v/'North Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1778. M. Henderson, 1781-95; R. Laing, 1797-1805; D. French, 1811-54; W. M. Gibson, 1855-61; R. C. Welch, 1867-8; J. Stevenson, 1871-6; S. J. Kyle, 1877-87. North Cedar, Jackson Co., Kan.; Kansas; April i, 1880. J. S. Colvin, 1883- North English, Iowa Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Dec. i, 1886. J. A. Burns, 1872-6; J. B. Gowdy, 1880-81; S. I. Lindsay, 1883-6; J. Pettigrew, 1887- Northfield, Summit Co., Ohio; Cleveland; Sept. 15, 1833. J. Banks, 1834-9; J. W. Logue, 1843-83; W. C. Lawther, 1884- North Hamden, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Oct. 13, 1881. W. G. Martin, 1884-87. North Henderson, Mercer Co., Ill.; Rock Island;.1842. R. W. French, 1844-8; N. McDowell, 1849-54; J. A. Edie, 1857-69; J. M. French, 1872-5; J. T. McCrory, 1877-80; W. A. Spalding, 1881-4; T. H. Brown, 1885-6; J. D. Lytlef 1886- North Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; March 13, 1850. [Part of Kortright. ] J. Erskine, 1852-60; J. M. Smeallie, 1861-8; R. B. Taggart, 1869-73; R. C. Monteith, 1875-87. North Page, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; April 3, 1870. J. A. Shankland, S. S., 1873-6; D. Dodds, 1878- North Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; Feb. 9, 1849. W. Dalzell, 185050; H. H. Hervey, 1853- Northwood, Eogan Co., O.; Sidney; June 14, 1859. W. H. Jeffers, 1863-5; J- W. Taylor, 1868-71; A. Smith, 1872-6; J. W. Kerr, 18805. Nortonville, Jefferson Co., Kan.; Kansas; Oct. ii, 1874. J. Alter, 1877-84; W. L. Garges, 1885- Norwich, Muskingum, Co., O.; Muskingum; 1863. J. R. Boyd, 1863-7; F. Paul, 1869-72; W. S. Harper, 1875-7; B. H. Huston, 1878-84. 176 alphabetical list of congregations Oakdale [Klkhorn], Washington Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; Ref. Pres., 1868; U. P., 1870. J. M. Henderson, 1872-7; H. M. Pressly, 1878-86. Oak Grove [Whiteoak Grove], McRean Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; Sept, i, 1851. E. S. McCaughey, 1854-5 ; W. R. Erskine, 1859-65 ; N. R. Kirkpatrick, 1866-71; J. L. Fairley, 1872-4; T. G. Morrow, 1875-81; R. J. David¬ son, 1882-5; R- Birnbach, S. S., 1885-5; J* Gowdy, 1886- Oak Grove, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1873. W. E. Shaw, 1876-8; E. N. McElree, 1879-85; N. Winegart, 1885- Oak Grove, Butler Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Aug. 27, 1878. J. M. Duncan, 1885-7. Oakland, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; June 10, 1859. J. T. Wilson, 1861-61; G. P. Raitt, 1866-9 5 J- Given, 1876-82. Oakland, Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Aug. 19, 1870. J. C. Evans, 1872-9; J. Patterson, 1881- Oakland, Hancock Co., W. Va.; Frankfort; Oct. 22, 1875. J. H. Breaden, 1878-9; J. McKelvey, 1885- Oakland, Spencer Co., Ind.; Princeton; Aug. 17, 1881. W. G. Spencer, S. S., 1881-3; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1884- Octo| ~ ar o. Lancaster Co., Pa.; Philadelphia; Oct. 20, 1754. 'A.*GeTlatly, 1754-61; J. Smith, 1772-94; E. Dickey, 1796-1822; W. Easton, 1827-78; D. Anderson, 1880- Ohio [Flaugherty’s Run], Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; 1820. J. Rodgers, 1831-8; W. H. Walker, 1839-41; A. Murray, 1843-54; W. L. Wilson, 1859-62; J. W. Witherspoon, 1863-6; J. P. Sharp, 1870-3. Oil City, Venango Co., Pa.; Lake; April 15, 1864. J. McNab, 1867-73 5 J- W. Swaney, 1877-82 ; J. W. Smith, 1883-5; W. E. Stewart, 1886- Olathe, Johnson Co., Kan.; Garnett; Nov. 10, 1866. A. Renwick, 1869-74; J. U. McClenahan, 1878-9; T. P. Dysart, 1881-2 ; A. N. Hagerty, 1885-7. Olena, Henderson Co., Ill.; Monmouth; Sept. 8, 1859. [Part of Ellison.] C. Thompson, 1863-66; A. McMillan, 1869-71; W. R. Erskine, 1874-5 J J. K. Martin, 1876-9; R. W. McBride, 1879-84; J. C. Calhoun, 1885- Olive Branch [Rising], Butler Co., Neb.; Omaha; Jan. 8, i884* Olivet, Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; Sept, 1840. A. McCahan, 1843-4; M. H. Wilson, 1848-59; S. Anderson, 1859-67; J. C. Telford, 1867-79 > A. S. Stewart, 1884-6. Omaha, Neb., ist Church; Omaha; Jan., 1868. T. McCague, S. S., 1868-71; J. Duncan, S. S., 1872-3; T. McCague, S. S., 1873-5 ; J. McCartney, S. S., 1875-7; D. R. Miller, S. S., 1877-9; E. B. Graham, 1880- Omaha; Park Ave.; Omaha; Oct. 14, 1886. J. A. Henderson, 1887- Omaha; Central; Omaha; 1887. Ontario, Richland Co., O.; Mansfield; 1849. J. L. McLean, 1849-53; D. W. Collins, 1854-64; S. M. Hutchison, 1865-7; W. Wishart, 1869-77; J. M. Moore, 1881-85. WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 177 Orchard, Antelope Co., Neb.; Omaha; Ang. 3, 1883. L. Proudfit, 1884- Oskaloosa, Mahaska Co., Iowa; Des Moines; June 17, 1849. R. N. Fee, 1849-55; R. A. McAyeal, 1856-78; W. A. Spalding, 1879-81 ; J. C. Calhoun, 1882-3; O. S. Morrow, 1884- Ottawa, Franklin Co., Kan.; Garnett; July 20, 1867. E. C. Cooper, S. S., 1868-9; Imbrie, 1870-2; W. R. Hutchison, 1873-85; H. M. Pressly, 1886- Otter Fake, Lapeer Co., Mich.; Detroit; April 15, 1881. ^ J. B. Wilson, 1881-7. -f Oxford. Chester Co., Pa.; Philadelphia; 1754. ’^■"‘ 7 l’‘.^**T^llatly, 1754-8; M. Henderson, 1758-81; J. Smith, 1783-94; E. Dickey, 1796-1822 ; W. Easton, 1827-54; J. H. Andrew, 1855-63 ; E. T. Jeffers, 1865-72; G. A. B. Robinson, 1873-6; R. T. Wylie, 1877-80; A. H, Crosbie, 1881-87. Oxford, Butler Oo., O.; ist Ohio; 1837. S. W. McCracken, S. S., 1837-40; J. Claybaugh, 1840-55; A. Young, S. S., 1855-8; W. J. McSurely, 1859-66; M. Ormond, 1867-71; J. R Black, 1874-8; J. Dodds, 1879-81; S. R. Frazier, 1882-5 5 A. Mc¬ Donald, 1886- Page Center, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; June 24, 1874. D. C. Wilson, 1874- Palmetto, Bedford Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; 1865. J. McNeal, S. S., 1867-9; Creswell, Waite, and other Supplies. Palo Alto, Jasper Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Dec. 3, 1870. E. S. McMichael, 1872-9; J. A. Ferguson, 1879-82; J. A. McCalmont, 1886- Pana, Christian Co., Ilk; Central Illinois; June 22, 1866. J. V. Pringle, 1869-78. Parker [Lawrenceburg], Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; 1834. J. Johnston, S. S., 1834-5; J. Green, 1835-41; R. W. Oliver, 1844-5; J. K. Riddell, 1847-8 ; J. H. Fife, 1849-55 ; W. G. Nevin, 1872-3; J. T. Wilson, 1874-8; W. Robertson, 1878-83. Paris [Herman’s Creek], Washington Co., Pa.; Frankfort; about 1805. G. Buchanan, 1811-38; J. M. Galloway, 1839-55; J. C. Campbell, 1855- 75; J. R. May, 1876-^; W. J. Cooper, 1880- Parks, Dundy Co., Neb.; Pawnee; July 12, 1887. Parnassus, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Feb. 4, 1876. Supplies; C. H. Marshall, 1885- Paterson, N. J.; New York; April 30, 1857. H. W. Todd, 1857-69; R. D. Williamson, 1870-1; J. Teas, 1872-77; A. Smith, 1877- Patterson [Montpelier], Madison Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Dec. 3, 1867. G. P. Raitt, 1874-6; G. W. Torrence, 1883- Patterson’s Mills, Washington Co., Pa.; Frankfort; May, 1883. J. Pettigrew, 1884-86. Pawnee City, Neb.; Pawnee; May 6, 1867. R. J. McCready, 1871- 12 178 ALPHABETICAL LIST 9^ CONGREGATIONS ^ ^ . I >X^ Jlr ’’ V -2; R. Armstrong, 1853-60; T. H. Hanna, 1862-7; A. Calhoun, 1868-73 5 S. G. Fitzgerald, 1874-5 5 T. M. Watson, 1876-7; J. H. Wright, 1879-80; I. T. Wright, 1882- Philadelphia, Pa., 7th Ch.; Philadelphia; 1855. J. Price, 1856-73; J. B. Whitten, 1875-82 ; D. W. Lusk, 1883-5; M. G. A Kyle, 1886- ^Philadelphia, Pa., 8th Ch.; Philadelphia; 1767 [Part of the ist Church until 1845. “Scouller’s Manual” under Webster, Chauncey]. C. Webster, 1837-56; W. W. Barr, 1859- Philadelphia, Pa., 9th Ch.; Philadelphia; i860. J. Crowe, 1860- Philadelphia, Pa., loth Ch.; Philadelphia; 1863. J. M. Hutchison, 1865-9; S. S. White, 1871-6; J. Teas, 1878- Philadelphia, Pa., North Ch.; Philadelphia; 1867. L. Marks, S. S., 1867-8; W. S. Owens, 1869-71; J. R. Kerr, 1872-5; II. A. McDonald, 1878-81; J. Q. A. McDowell, 1882-4! W. Presslv, 1886- Philadelphia, Pa., 12th Ch.; Philadelphia; April 4, 1882. J. Price, S. S., 1882- Philadelphia, Pa., 13th Ch. [Falls of Schuylkill]; Phila¬ delphia; 1885. Pigeon Creek, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1818. A. Wilson, 1820-34; B. Boyd, 1834-60; D. S. Littell, 1861-86. WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 179 Pine Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Ref. Pres., 1805-7; P') ^^ 74 - [Ref. Pres.] M. Williams, from organization nntil about 1825; T. Guthrie, 1827-56; T. Johnston, 1860-73; [U. P.] N. E. Wade, 1875- 84; R. H. Park, 1885- Piney Fork, Jefferson Co., O.; Steubenville; 1800. A. Calderhead, 1808-12; T. Hanna, 1821-35; J. Clokey, 1836-47; W. Lorimer, 1854-8; J. M. Jamieson, 1860- Piper City [New Brenton], Ford Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; May 14, 1867. J. C. Bigham, 1867-74; W. Morrow, S. S., 1877-82; W. R. Baldridge, 1882-3; W. H. Ferguson, 1885- Piqua, Miami Co., O.; Sidney; 1815. J. Reynolds, S. S., 1829-30; J. C. Porter, 1834-40; J. M. Gordon, 1841- 50; J. K. Andrews, 1851-6; S. Wallace, 1858-69; J. H. Brown, 1869- 84; J. W. Kerr, 1885- Pittsburgh, Pa., ist Church; Monongahela; Nov. 24, 1801. E. Henderson, 1802-4 5 R- Bruce, 1808-46; A. Anderson, 1847-9 J W. Lee, 1849-55; S. B. Reed, 1857-9 5 W. J. Reid, 1862- (H. C. Marshall, Asso. Pas., 1885.) Pittsburgh, Pa., 2d Ch.; Monongahela; 1815. J. McElroy, 1816-24 I J- Kerr, 1825-9 5 J- R- Kerr, 1830-43; J. F. Mc¬ Laren, 1846-51; J. Ekin, 1854-7; J. Prestley, 1858-66; T. H. Hanna, 1867-75 I J- R- Kyle, 1876-9; A. H. Harshaw, 1881-3; D. S. Littell, 1886- Pittsburgh, Pa., 3d Ch.; Monongahela; April 13, 1836. J. Ekin, 1838-9; W. A. McKinney, 1840-40; J. L. Dinwiddie, 1843-4; R. A. Browne, S. S., 1844-5; J. G. Brown, 1846-72; S. R. Frazier, 1872-9; J. T. McCrory, 1880- Pittsburgh, Pa., 4th Ch. [Bayardstown]; Monongahela; 1837. M. Kerr, 1837-9 ; W. Burnett, 1840-1 ; Reorganized in 1849; V. Cockins, 1850-1; R. Gracey, 1853-67; J. M. Cockins, 1868-71; J. Gailey, 1872-7 ; J. D. Turner, 1878- Pittsburgli, Pa., 5th Ch.; Monongahela; 1859. S. B. Reed, 1860-74; J. M. Johnston, 1874-8; J. M. Hervey, 1879-84; T. W. Young, 1884- Pittsburgh, Pa., 6th Ch. [East Eiberty]; Monongahela; Sept. 30, 1856. H. C. McFarland, 1858-65 ; J. S. Hawk, 1865-9 1 K. B. Ewing, 1870- Pittsburgh, Pa., 7th Ch. [Eawrenceville]; Monongahela; F'eb. 12, i860. W. H. Andrew, 1860-75; A. G. McCoy, 1876-8; J. D. Sands, 1880- Pittsburgh, Pa., 8th Ch.; Monongahela; June 21, 1868. J. S. Sands, S. S., 1868-80; J. M. Wallace, 1882- Pittsbnrgh, Pa., 9th Ch. [Birmingham]; Monongahela; 1841. L. H. Long, 1848-9; G. K. Ormond, 1852-8; W. M. Coleman, 1859-75 ; J. A. Gordon, 1876-81 ; A. E. Linn, 1882- Pittsbiirgh, Pa., loth Ch. [Wylie Avenue]; Monongahela; April 16; 1872. W. H. Knox, 1873- Pittsburgh, Pa., nth Ch. [Temperanceville]; Monongahela; 1847. i8o alphabetical list of congregations L. H. Long, 1848-9; A. Calhoun, 1858-61 ; Supplies to 1868; G. A. B. Robinson, 1869-72 ; G. K. Ormond, 1874-83; S. J. S. Moore, 1885- Plain Grove, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Mercer; Oct. 19, 1859. J. B, Whitten, 1861-72; J. C. Bigham, 1877- Plainview, Holt Co., Neb.; Omaha; Oct. 20, 1883. L. Proudfit, S. S., 1884- Platte Valley, Taylor Co., Iowa; College Springs; Dec. 15, 1873- J. W. Johnston, 1878-83; J, W. Cleland, 1883-7. Pleasant Hill, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; Sept. 24, 1867. R. Johnson, 1869-73; J. W. Martin, 1874-82; J. H. Nash, 1884- Pleasant Lawn, Montgomery Co., Iowa; College Springs; Dec. 15, 1885. W. R. Cox, 1885-6. Pleasant Ridge, Monroe Co., O.; Wheeling; Sept., 1845. J. McNeal, 1854-5 ; S. Ramsay, 1860-61; H. Parks, S. S., occasionally for years; M. M. Pollock, 1877-83. Pleasant Ridge, Texas Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; Nov. 21, 1885. N. A. Whitehill, 1886- Pleasant Unity [Port Byron], Rock Island Co., Ill.; Rock Is¬ land; 1852. W. Dalzell, S. S., 1852-4; S. E. McKee, 1857-9; S. S. Ralston, 1861-7; R. S. Campbell, S. S., 1870-2; S. H. Weed, 1874-7; J. M. Moore, S. S., 1879-81; J. A. Gehrett, 1883-4. ‘Pleasant Valley [Dutch Creek], Keokuk Co., Iowa; Keokuk; 1846. J. T. Tate, 1854-70 and ’75-84; J. Lackey, 1871-5; R. Hood, S. S., 1884-5. Pleasant Valley, Marion Co., Kan.; Neosho; April 21, 1877. J. Taylor, S. S., 1878-81; J. T. Wilson, S. S., 1882- Pleasant Valley, Whitman Co., Wash. Ter.; Oregon; May i, 1885. J. Alter, S. S., 1885- Pleasant Valley, Allen Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; May, 1885. Plum Creek, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; May 12, 1849. S. Browne, 1853-65; S. Browne; S. S., 1871-8; J. Given, 1879- Plumer, Venango Co., Pa.; Lake; March 18, 1870. J. L. Robertson, 1870-4; J. L. Clark, 1876-83. Plymouth, Lyon Co., Kan.; Neosho; July 31, 1869. D. T. McAuley, S. S., 1870-3; J. Taylor, S. S., 1876-7; J. Barnett, S. S., 1878-81. Poland, Mahoning Co., O.; Cleveland; 1804. J. Duncan, 1804-15; R. Douglass, 1820-3; D. Goodwdllie, 1826-59; J;M. Henderson, 1859-65; T. W. Winter, 1866-72; W. T. McConnell, 1873- 82; H. H. Houston, 1885- [Church removed to Struthers 1885.] Portersville, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1841. W. Douthett, 1841-9; J. N. Smith, 1853-7; A. Irons, 1859-63; J. M. Donaldson, 1865-70; W. Galbraith, 1872-3; J. A. Clark, 1876- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. l8l Port Huron, St. Clair Co., Mich.; Detroit; Aug. 19, 1868. T. Bracken, 1869-72; T. W. Monteith, 1873-86; T. A. Scott, 1887- Portland, Park Co., Ind.; Princeton; April 29, 1859. W. G. Spencer, 1865-77; J. K. Black, 1883- Portland. Ore.; Oregon; April 24, 1884. W. R. Stevenson, 1884- Power, Crawford Co., Pa.; Hake; April 17, 1865. D. Donnan, 1866- Pratt Creek, Benton Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; 1865. W. A. Pollock, 1865-72; J. T. Wilson, 1873-4; J. R. Doig, 1875-81; I). W. McLane, 1883- Pretty Prairie, Kingman Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; March 23,1876. E. C. Cooper, 1878-85. Princeton, Ind.; Princeton; Ref. Pres., 1816; Asso., 1834; ‘ Asso. Ref., 1835. [Ref. Pres., and after 1870 United Presbyterian] J. Kell, 1820-38; G. Mc- Master, 1840-6; J. McMaster, 1846-74; [Asso.] J. L. McLean, 1839-43; [Asso. Ref.] S. C. Baldridge, 1837-53; J. L. Craig, 1854-65; [United Presbyterian after 1858;] S. F. Clark, 1870-4; [consolidated 1874] ; W. H. McMaster, 1874-82 ; J. A. Gordon, 1883- Prospect, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1835. W. Findley, 1837-56; J. A. Clark, 1859- Prosperity, Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; May, 1867. J. R. Finney, 1868-73; J. M. McKitrick, 1873-80; R. E. Wilkin, 1883- Providence, R. I.; Boston; May, 1847. J. Sanderson, 1849-53; A. Thomas, 1855-7; J- F- Robb, 1860-73; M. S. McCord, 1874- Pucketw Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1795. ^*™^ 5 ?®Ucr^nnell, 1811-33; J. G. Fulton, 1838-9; W. A. McKinney, 1840- 42; J. W. Duff, 1843-8; J. C. Bryson, 1850-4; J. Given, 1859-73; M. M. Patterson, 1875-83; C. H. Marshall, 1885- Pulaski [Crocker], Crawford Co., Mo.; Southern Illinois; March 9, 1879. N. A. Whitehill, 1881-3. Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; 1803. J. Millar, 1819-26; A. Gordon, 1828-42; I. Law, 1847-61; T. Lawrence, 1862-7; S. Bigger, 1868-80; E. D. Campbell, 1881-4; J. A. Reynolds, 1885- Putiiam, Fayette Co., Iowa; Re Claire; 1868. D. Todd, vS. S., 1868-71; A. McMillan, 1876-84. Raccoon, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; 1823. J. Prestley, 1837-40; J. J. Buchanan, 1842-4; R. Armstrong, 1847-52; W. L. Wilson, 1859-62; J. W. Witherspoon, 1863-6; J. P. Sharp 1870-83; H. W. Miller, 1884- Rankin [Sugar Branch], Vermillion Co., Ill.; Central Illi¬ nois; Nov. 13, 1867. J. D. Whitham, 1867-70; J. T. Torrence, 1875-83. Red House, St. Clair Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1868. W. T. Rawson, S. S., 1868-70; W. Robertson, S. S., 1870-5. i 82 alphabetical list of congregations Red Oak, Montgomery Co., Iowa; College Springs; Nov. i, 1871. N. E. Wade, S. S., 1871-2; S. W. Lorimer, 1876-7; W. R. Cox, 1880-6. Reeseville, Greene Co., O.; Xenia; 1867. W. A. Robb, 1867-82. Remington, Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Aug. 29, 1870. J. C. Evans, 1872-9; J. J. Imbrie, S. S., 1879-82; John Patterson, vS. S., 1885- Reynoldsburgli [Truro], Franklin Co., O.; Xenia; 1817. S. McLean, 1827-8; D. Lindsay, 1834-7; R. P'orrester, 1838-61; J. W. McNary, 1863-72; J. M. McArthur, 1874-7 > P- H. Park, 1878-84; J. K. Martin, 1886- Reynoldsville, Jefferson Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1872. W. J. Cooper, 1878-80. Rich Hill, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; 1810. J. Dickie, 1811-49; W. Smith, 1851-60; T. M. Seaton, 1863-70; J. L. Grove, 1872-84. Richland, Rush Co., Ind.; Indiana; April, 1839. J. N. Pressly, 1839-51 ; N. C. McDill, 1852- Richland, Linn Co., Kan.; Garnett; Aug., 1863. W. R. Erskine, S. S., 1872-3; J. A. Shannon, 1884- Riclimond [Yellow Creek], Jefferson Co., O.; Steubenville; 1803. G. Buchanan, 1811-12; H. Parks, 1832-7; W. Lorimer, 1838-58; J. H. Peacock, 1859-67; J. B. Borland, 1871-87. Richmond, Wayne Co., Ind.; ist Ohio; April, 1830. * W. M. Boyse, 1833-53; A. Aten, 1858-66; N, E. Wade, 1866-9; J. W. Clokey, 1870-2; E. C. Simpson, 1874-81; A. Gilchrist, 1882- Richmond, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; April 13, 1875. J. Given, 1876- Richmond, Franklin Co., Kan.; Garnett; June 18, 1884. S. W. Gilkey, 1884-5. Ridge, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; Sept, i, 1846. J. McGill, 1846-8; T. Brown, 1850-9; J. C. Brownlee, 1854-5; S. C. Reid, 1856-9; J. Patterson, 1861-7; W. C. Somers, 1869-74; J. T. Campbell, 1875- Robinsoii [part of Montours], Washington Co., Pa.; Frank¬ fort; Sept. 1833. W. Wilson, 1833-42 ; J. Scott, 1843-5; J. G. Rankin, 1849-68; W. R. McKee, 1869- R pii, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; 1790. J. Ridd(^,*^94-i829; M. Kerr, 1834-5; W. Burnett, 1836-8; J. Grier, 1839-78; J. W. English, 1879- Rochester, N. Y.; Caledonia; 1848. J. Van Eaton, 1849-53 ; W. T. McAdam, 1854-7 5 T. F. Boyd, 1857-62; J. P. Sankey, 1864- Rock Island, Ill.; Rock Island; July 4, 1854. J. R. McCalister, S. S., 1854-60; W. H. Jeffers, 1860-1 ; H. Wallace, 1863-71 ; J. A. Reynolds, 1872-85 ; J. H. Brown, 1885- Rock Prairie, Rock Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; March 5, 1867. R. G. Wallace, 1867-73 I McLachlan, 1875-86. WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 183 Rock Run, Stephenson Co., Ill.; Chicago; Sept, 1846. N. H. Brown, 1864-5; A. Smith, 1866-9; T, E. Turner, S. S., 1875-7; J. G, Stewart, 1884-7. Rock Valley, Sioux Co., Iowa; College Springs; Aug. 12, 1883. W. J. Graham, 1883-4; C. L. McCracken, 1887- Rocky Spring, Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1827. M. Kerr, 1828-30; T. L. Speer, 1840-3; S. Patterson, 1849- Roinine Prairie, Marion Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1870. J. W. Long, 1876- Rome, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; July, 1862. By supplies. Rome, Fairbault Co., Minn.; Minnesota; Oct. 28, 1871. E. A. Brownlee, 1872- Ronietown, Erie Co., Pa.; Lake; Dec., 1878. H. H. McMaster, S. S., 1878-81. Roney’s Point, Ohio Co., W. Va.; Wheeling; 1871. M. M. Marling, 1871-85. Roseville, Placer Co., Cal.; San Francisco; Jan. 30, 1873. D. Morrow, S. S., 1873-6; J. H. Niblock, S. S., 1877-8; D. S. McHenry, S. S., 1880-1; G. T. Scott, S. S., 1885-6. Rush Creek, Fairfield Co., O.; Muskingum; 1803. A. Craig, 1808-25 ; B. Waddle, 1829-36; E. B. Calderhead, 1841-61; J. H. Buchanan, 1862-4; R. H. Boyd, 1875-82; R. S. McClenahan, 1883-6. Rushsylvania, Eogan Co., O., Sidney; Dec. 21, 1875. A. Smith, S. S., 1875-6; J. W. Kerr, 1880-5. Rushville, Rush Co., Ind.; Indiana; Oct. i, 1879. A. P. Hutchison, 1881-5; S. R. Frazier, 1886-6; N. L. Heidger, 1887- 4 Rj^ate, Caledonia Co.. Vt.; Vermont; 1790. •""'"'^^iL^j^dwillie, 1790-1822 ; T. Ferrier, 1822-5 I W. Pringle, 1830-52 ; G. M. Wiley, 1863-7; W. Bruce, 1868-70; H. Brown, S. S., 1870-2; A. Y. Houston, 1873-5; J. B. Clapperton, 1876-81; D. Harris, 1886- St. Charles, Madison Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Feb. 19, 1855. A. J. Graham, 1869-72 ; G. P. Raitt, 1874-84; W. R. Baldridge, 1887- St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; 1804. J. Kerr, 1804-25; J. Dickey, 1830-9; A. H. Wright, 1842-6; J. Clokey, 1848-55; J. C. Boyd, 1858- St Clairsville, Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; 1830. H. Parks, 1832-40; A. Young, 1842-57 ; J. B. Johnston, 1859-74; T. Balph, 1875- St Eouis, Mo., ist Church; Southern Illinois; March, 1840. J. B. Scouller, vS. S., 1842-3; H. H. Johnston, 1844-7; 'T M. Cunning¬ ham, 1853-7; J. McLean, 1857-62; J. G. Armstrong, 1863-9; H. W. Crabbe, 1869-72; J. A. Wilson, 1876-86; D. C. Stewart, 1887- St. Louis, Grand Avenue; Southern Illinois; Oct. 22, 1883. T. C. McKelvey, S. S., 1883-5 J F. Livingston, S. S., 1885- Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; July 23, 1751. ^*^^^ 5 *^^CT^anized in Ireland and came to Salem 1766; T. Clark, 1751-82; J. Proudfit, 1783-1802; A. Proudfit, 1795-1835; J. Lillie, 1836-7; E. Halley, 1838-48; T. T. FaiTington, 1850-7; J. C. P'orsyth, 1858-70; W. A. Mackenzie, 1871- v/ 184 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONGREGATIONS Salem, Boone Co,, Ind.; Northern Indiana; 1837. J. H, Bonner, 1841-4; J. D, Glenn, 1854-8; J. R. Bell, 1861-70; J. D. Glenn, 1870-4; J. McCrea, 1876-9; C. Murch, 1882-3; S. H. McDill, 1887- Salinas, Monterey Co., Cal.; San Francisco; Dec., 1869. W. H. Wilson, 1869-72 ; G. McCormick, 1873- Salineville [North Branch of Yellow Creek], Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; 1837. J. Donaldson, S. S., 1839-44; W. H. Jamison, 1846-54; J. Golden, 1857- 60; J. Boyd, 1861-8; S. M. Coon, 1871-82; W. J. Graham, 1884-6; G. B. Smith, 1887- Sal tsburg, Indiana Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Sept, 1827. Supplies; O. Katz, 1861-86. Salt Creek, Muskingum Co., O.; Muskingum; 1836. B. Waddle, 1836-49; J. Comin, 1851-87. Sandy [Sandy Creek], Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; 1841. H. H. Thompson, 1847-55 i J- Burrows, 1858-60; L. I. Crawford, 1870-4; N. Winegart, 1878-85. Sandy Lake [Rocky Spring], Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; 1810. J. Walker, 1811-14; I- Beggs, 1823-36; E. Small, 1839-61; J. A. Bailey, 1863-7; L. I. Crawford, 1870-9; J. C. Herron, 1884- San Francisco, Cal., ist Church; San Francisco; Jan. 7, 1866. J. T. Cooper, S. S., 1865-6; M. M. Gibson, 1867- San Francisco, Cal., 2d Ch.; San Francisco; May 18, 1883. T. B. Stewart, 1883- San lose, Santa Clara Co., Cal.; San Francisco; Nov. 6, 1874. A. Calhoun, 1874- Santa Ana, Los Angeles Co., Cal.; San Francisco; Dec. 26, 1876. D. S. McHenry, S. S., 1876-8; T. J. C. Webster, 1879- Savaiinah [Vermillion], Ashland Co., O.; Mansfield; Sept 1831. (Asso. Ref., J. Arbuthnot, 1832-39; A. Miller, 1842-4 ; J. Andrews, 1844- 51). (Asso. 1837; J. Ashenhust, 1856-9;) W. Bruce, S. S., 1861-2; R. Stewart, S. S., 1865-6; S. M. Coon, S. S., 1866-71; W. F. Miller, 1872-82 ; J. A. Sherrard, 1883-4; J. Stevenson, 1885- Savanna, Carroll Co., Ill.; Chicago; Ap. 1887. Scioto, Jackson Co., O.; Chillicothe; Sept. 28, 1848. T. Mercer, 1871-3; J. B. Gowdy, S. S., 1882- Scottdale, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; July 22, 1875. J. A. Nelson, until organization; Supplies; R. B. Taggart, 1879-81; J. M. Moore, 1885- Scotch Grove, Jones Co., Iowa; Le Claire; 1856. A. J. Allen, 1857-64; W. D. Ralston, 1865-84; G. W. Morrison, 1887-7. Scotch Hill [Wolf Creek], Mercer Co., Pa.; Butler; 1837. J. Green, 1837-46; W. C. Pollock, S. S., 1855-60; D. Forsyth, 1860-7; W. Cooke, 1873-80; J. J. Inibrie, 1883-7. Scotch Ridge, Wood Co., O.; Sidney; 1842. J. Miller, S. S., 1843-7; J. Duff, 1851-69; S. C. Hubbell, 1871-7; J. T. Caldwell, 1880- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. Scotch Valley, Pawnee Co., Neb.; Pawnee; 1872. J. R. McCready, 1873-80. Scotland [Ruhamah], Greene Co., Ind.; Princeton; 1847. J. Ingles, 1858- Scroggsfield, Carroll Co., O.; Steubenville; 1818. J. Donaldson, 1823-34; J. Patterson, 1837-54; J. S. Easton, 1855-66; W. R. Erskine, 1867-70; W. C. Dunn, 1871- Service, Monroe Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1857. J. Hadden, 1866-9; S. C. Marshall, 1870-7; J. Pattison, 1880-4; J. Boyd, 1887- SgjvjgerMill Creek], Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; about 1790. jrtiiiji iij_ 1792-1830; W. M. McElwee, 1833-51; D. W. Carson, 1852-77; J. C. Roe, 1879-83; W. J. Golden, 1885- Sewickley, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland. A society was formed 1780, but after a few years was discontinued; organized 1805 ; M. Dick, 1806-36; R, Gailey, 1839-49; D. H. Pollock, 1854-60; W. D. McConnell, 1860-5; J. D. Walkinshaw, 1865-9; W. R. Stevenson, 1872-81; J. A. Lawrence, 1884-6; D. M. Thorn, 1887- Sewickley, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; May 3, 1864. W. A. Mackenzie, 1865-71; D. S. Kennedy, 1872-8; W. L. Wallace, 1879-86. Sharon, Wells Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; 1842. S. C. Baldridge, 1863-6; Supplies; A. K. Strane, 1881-5. Sharon, Mercer Co., Pa.; Mercer; 1858. B. K. Ormond, 1858-80; J. A. Bailey, 1883- Shavertown, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Aug. ii, 1886. Shelocta, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; Nov. i, 1856. B. Porter, 1856-76; J. B. Jackson, 1877- Shenango, Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; 1800. , D. McLean, 1800-55; J-A. Collins, 1858-63; J. B. Waddell, 1866-71; J. Armstrong, 1875-7 5 R Dickson, 1880-3 i J- C. Herron, 1884- Shenango, Beaver Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; 1801. J. Galloway, 1811-18; J. L. Dinwiddie, 1820-34; J. M. Galloway, 1837-8; T. Mehard, 1841-5; R. A. Browne, 1846-59; W. Findlay, 1859-66; R. T. McCrea, 1869-74; A. Y. Houston, S. S., 1876-9; J. J. Imbrie, S. S., 1879-82. Shiloh, Henry Co., Ind.; Indiana; Sept. 16, 1832. J. N. Pressly, 1838-40; W. Lind, 1841-6; S. Millen, 1847-9 5 L. Stew¬ art, 1850-5; J. F. Hutchison, 1857-66; H. W. Crabbe, 1868-9; T. P. Dysart, 1869-73; S. M. Bailey, 1877-81; J. A. Pollock, 1882-86. Shiloh, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; April 12, 1864. W. R. Hutchison, 1864-73; J- M. Imbrie, 1875-8; S. B. Stewart, 1882- Shushan, see Bast Salem. Sialkot, Punjab, India; Sialkot; Dec. 26, 1856. Sidney, Shelby Co., O.; Sidney; Oct., 1829. J. Reynolds, S. S., 1829-31; J. C. Porter, S. S., 1834-36; S. Sturgeon, 1837-40; C. T. McCaughan, 1841-57; J. G. Armstrong, 1859-63; M. M. Gibson, 1864-7 1 J* W. Bain, 1867-8; J. A. Bailey, 1869-76; R. J. Miller, 1878-80; J. T. Wilson, 1881-2; J. P. Sharp, 1883- Silver Creek, Hardin Co., O.; Sidney; Oct. 20, 1881. J. A. Henderson, S. S., 1881-3; J. E. Kerr, 1885- 13 AI.PHABETICAI. LIST OF CONGREGATIONS 186 Sinnoris; Egypt; March 25, 1873. Slippery Rock [The Mouth of Wolf Creek], Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1809. A, Murray, 1811-46; J. D. Wolf, 1848-55; A. R. Rankin, 1857-61; N. E. Brown, 1866-86; M. B. Patterson, 1887- Smith’S Creek [Smyrna], Warren Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1854. S. Millen, 1856-69; R. E. Wilkin, 1875-82; E. F. Reid, S. S., 1882- Smyrna, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; 1845. S. Brown, 1853-65; D, W. McLane, 1871-5; D. H. Blair, 1877-83. Somerville, Gibson Co., Ind.; Princeton; June 2, i860. R. Gray, S. S., 1862, and pastor until 1866; J. McCrea, 1868-73; W. G. Spencer, S. S., 1877-82; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1884- Somonauk, DeKalb Co., Ill.; Chicago; March 18, 1846. R. W. French, 1848-60; W. T. Moffett, 1861-77; D. S. Kennedy, 1878- Washington Co., N. Y.; Argyle; Aug. 17, 1785. 1789-98; R. Laing, 1805-11; P. Bullions, 1818-25; J. R )-5i; J. Thompson, 1852-3; J. A. Duff, 1857-60; J. H. Andrew, 1864-74; A. W. Morris, 1875- South Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1811. D. French, 1811-52; J. G. Carson, 1856-67; A. McLachlan, 1873- Southfield, Oakland Co., Mich.; Detroit; April 16, 1850. J. M. Smeallie, 1852-60; W. Robertson, 1861-8; R. M. Patterson, 1868- 70; J. P. Gibson, 1874-84; J. A. Sherrard, 1885- South Henderson, Henderson Co., Ill.; Monmouth; 1835. J. L. Freetly, 1842-6; R. Ross, 1849-57; J. A. P. McGaw, 1858-67; S. W. Lorimer, 1868-75 I A. Renwick, 1876- Sparta, Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1836. W. M. Graham, 1844-7 i F. MacDill, 1849-56; J. F. Stewart, 1857-70; W. J. Gillespie, 1870-7; J. W. McNary, 1878-85; H. R. McClelland, 1886- Spring Creek, Christian Co., Ill.; Central Illinois; 1853. N. H. Brown, 1865-9; J- V. Pringle, S. S., 1874-7; I- A. Wilson, S. S., 1878-85. Springdale, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; Nov. 4, 1873. W. G. Reed, 1875- Springfield, Mercer Co., Pa.; Butler; 1810. J. Walker, 1811-14; 1 . Beggs, 1827-36; E. Small, 1839-61; S. C. Reid, 1865-78; W. B. Barr, 1879-85; J. P. Davis, 188^ Springfield, Clarke Co., O.; Xenia; about 1816. J. Steele, 1817-36; J. F. Sawyer, 1837-48; R. W. Henry, 1850-3; J. Clokey, 1855-75; J. Kyle, 1877- Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1812. J. Reynolds, 1826-9; S. C. Baldridge, 1830-6; J. McAuley, 1839-47; M. M. Brown, 1849-54; J. W. Glenn, 1855-66; J. Todd, 1870-2; S. B. Moore, 1873-83. Spring Hill [New Zion], Decatur Co., Ind.; Indiana; July 30, 1825. J. Worth, 1830-52; J. R. Walker, 1852-67; S. A. Taggart, 1868-68; W. Johnston, 1871-6; W. M. Richie, 1877-9; A. S. Vincent, 1880- Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Dec., 1792. iley, 1795-1809; R. Forrest, 1810-43; J. D. Gibson, 1845-86; F. B. Murch, 1887- _ T e^ Miller, i82( WITH THEIR historical RECORD. 187 Stamford, Ontario, Can.; Stamford; 1824. J. Russell, 1826-54; D. H. Goodwillie, 1855-61; J. McGill, 1863-73; R. Acheson, 1874- Stanwood [Fremont], Cedar Co., Iowa; Le Claire; 1868. J. S. Buchanan, 1868-70; W. Lorimer, 1870-2; D. Forsyth, 1873-7; T. H. Brown, 1880-84; W. F. Johnston, 1885- Sterling, Rice Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; May 27, 1877. R. J. Thompson, 1882-4; A. J. Hanna, 1885- Sterling, Burleigh Co., Dak.; Omaha; June 15, 1884. G. W. Hamilton, S. S., 1886- Sterling Valley, Cayuga Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; 1820. D. Currie, 1826-42, 1846-53; J. Edgar, 1859-74; R. H. Hume, 1876-82; A. W. Lytle, 1884- Steubenville, O.; Steubenville; 1805. G. Buchanan, 1811-55; J- K. Andrews, 1856-63; J. W. Clokey, 1864-8; T. J. Kennedy, 1870-3; S. J. Stewart 1874-7; W. S. Owens, 1877-^6; W. R. Harshaw, 1887- Stewart’s Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Jan. 5, 1869. D. A. Duff, 1871-9; A. D. McCarrell, 1881- Stone Valley, Hnntingdon Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1801. . T. Smitti, 1811-2^; J S. Eastoni j§ 36-55,.' J. MyA^, 1859- Co., O.; Cleveland; Sept. 15, 1833. J. W. Logue, 1843-83 ; J. T. Torrence, 1859-60; W. Wallace, 1885-87. Suft, Egypt; 1879. Sugar Creek, Greene Co., Ohio; Xenia; Asso., Sept. 2, 1804; Asso. Ref., 1845. [Asso.] R. Armstrong, 1804-11; F. Pringle, 1814-18; T. Beveridge, 1821-4; J. Templeton, 1830-8; G. M, Hall, 1839-45; C. Cummins, 1846-53; [Asso. Ref.] H. H. Johnston, 1848-51; R. W. Henry, 1853-5; R. E. Stewart, 1856-60; consolidated, i860; J. B. McMichael, 1862-78; W. S. McClure, 1881- Sugar Grove, Mercer Co., Pa.; Eake; June, 1870. J. Burrows, 1870-86. Sugar Run, Union Co., O.; Sidney; 1841. R. Forrester, S. S., 1841-3; I. N. Laughead, 1843-64; J. W. Taylor, 1865-7 ; J. Gilmore, 1871-4; D. M. Gordon, 1875-8; E. E. Cleland, 1878- Summerset, Warren Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1853. T. P. Dysart, 1863-7; J. Boyd, 1869-77; T. B. McKee, 1881-7. Summit, Mercer Co., Pa.; Lake; Jan. 14, 1874. S. M. Black, 1875-7; A. S. Abbey, 1879-85. Sunbeam [Pope Creek], Mercer Co., Ill.; Rock Island; 1852. M. Bigger, 1854-60; J. H. Nash, 1861-76; D. F. Mustard, 1877-84. Sunbury, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Jan. 19, 1842. W. P. Breaden, 1845-80; R. C. Dodds, 1883-85. Sunny Dale, Sedgwick Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; May 17, 1877. W. C. Somers, 1877-83; H. T. Ferguson, 1884- Superior, Nuckolls Co., Neb.; Pawnee; Oct. 29, 1884. J. McCrea, 1886- i88 alphabeticai. list of congregations Susquehanna, Indiana Co., Pa.; Brookville; Pres., 1844; became Asso., 1854. [Pres.] D. Mills, 1844-51; [Asso.] J. L. Purdy, 1854-9; J- Given, 1876- Sutton, Worcester Co., Mass; Boston; 1856. J. Williamson, 1856-64; P. Y. Smith, 1866-85; W. Galbraith, 1886- Sycamore [Mill Creek], Warren Co., O.; ist Ohio; i^q8. J. Warwick, 1799-1800; J. Graham, 1830-4; P. Monfort, 1836-467H."Allen, 1847-55 ; R- K- Campbell, 1856-65 ; H. Y. Leiper, 1867-9 5 J- H. Elliott, 1870-80; S. A. Buck, 1880-3; R- S. McClenahan, 1887- Talleycavey, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; July 13, 1868. Supplies, 1868-78; D. R. Imbrie, 1878-84; R. H. Park, 1885- Tarentum, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1835. J. G. Fulton, 1838-9; J. Gilmore, 1842-56; J. H. Timmons, 1860-84; D. R. McDonald, 1885- Tarkio, Atchison Co., Mo.; College Springs; June, i88i. R. H. Barnes, 1882-5 I W. P. McNary, 1886- Taylorstown, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; Aug. 2, 1872. J. Morrow, 1873-83; T. P. Proudfit, 1884- Telfer, Ontario, Can.; Stamford; 1830. J. B. Wilson, 1855-67 ; J. Weir, 1869-73; J. C. Herron, 1879-83. Thompsonville, Hartford Co., Conn.; New York; Dec. 22, 1845. P. Gordon, 1847-52; J. McLaughlan, 1854-8; J. M. Heron, 1858-61; G. M. Hall, 1868-71; C. L. McCracken, 1873-84; R. N. Hammond, 1885- Thornville, Perry Co., O.; Muskingum; 1829. B. Waddle, 1829-36; E. B. Calderhead, 1841-61; J. H. Buchanan, 1862-4; R. H. Boyd, 1875-82; R. S. McClenahan, 1883-6. Tingley, Union Co., Iowa; College Springs; July 12, 1883. Tionesta, Forrest Co., Pa.; Brookville; Jan. 26, 1884. Tippecanoe, Harrison Co., O.; Muskingum; 1876. J. W. Taylor, 1876-85. Topeka, Kan.; Kansas; Dec. 17, 1870. J. T. Wilson, S. S., 1870-2; yearly Supplies, 1872-9; W. E. Dunlap, S. S., 1879-82; M. F. McKirahan, S. S., 1882-6, pastor, 1886- Toronto [Sloan’s Station], Jefferson Co., O.; Steubenville; March 12, 1870. J. H. Leiper, 1874-6; J. Buchanan, S. S., 1880- Traer, Tama Co., Iowa; Cedar Rapids; Feb. 25, 1875. D. Livingston, 1876-85; J. M. Henderson, 1886- Tranquillity [West Fork], Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; 1807. W. Baldridge, 1809-30; R. Stewart, 1832-8; J. Graham, 1841-9; M. Morrison, 1850-6; J. Gilmore, 1857-71; T. Stewart, 1871-8; W. Wal¬ lace, 1879-81; J. A. Renwick, 1882-87. Troy, N. Y.; Albany; 1834. P. Bullions, 1834-64; H. P. McAdam, 1865-71; R. D. Williamson, 1872- Troy, Oakland Co., Mich.; Detroit; April 18, 1850. J. M. Smeallie, 1852-60; W. Robertson, 1861-8; R. M. Patterson, 1868- 70; J. P. Gibson, 1874-84; J. A. Sherrard, 1885- Tumlinson’s Run, Beaver Co., Pa.; Frankfort; March 18,1834. J. McCarroll, 1837-54; M. Ormond, 1859-67; A. I. Young, 1869-72; J. P. Davis, 1872-4; S. C. Reid, 1879-82; W. H. Lytle, 1884-7. WITH THEIR HISTORICAE RECORD. 189 Turtle Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; June, 1829. M. Dick, 1829-35; J. Osborne, 1836-51; J. G. Fulton, 1852-9; D. H. Pollock, 1860-9; A A. Taggart, 1870-1; A. L Young, 1872-85; R. A. Gilfillan, 1886- Tusc arara, J uniata Co., Pa.; Big Spring; 1800. '''■'T. Srnitli, 1801-32; J. Shields, 1835-62; J. McKee, assistant and S. S., 1858-64; J. A. McGill, 1865-85; J. B. Work, 1886- Ulysses, Butler Co., Neb.; Omaha; Dec. i, 1883. Union [Lower Robinson’s Run], Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monon- J. Riddell, 1794-1816; M, Kerr, 1819-28; A. S. Fulton, 1833-9; J- Kkin, 1839-53; W. McMillan, 1855-7 5 F. Marks, 1860-7; J. D. Turner, 1868-74; J. A. Douthett, 1876- Union, Butler Co., Pa., Butler; 1806. [Ref. Pres.] M. Williams, 1808-25; T. C. Guthrie, 1826-45; A. Walker, 1851-4; [U. P.] R. M. Patterson, 1861-7; R. G. Young, 1871-5; R. P. McClester, 1880- Union, Randolph Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1828. J. Reynolds, 1828-9; Baldridge, 1830-6; J. McAuley, 1839-43; W. M. Graham, 1844-7; F. MacDill, 1849-56; J. F. Stewart, 1857-to; H. Allen, 1860-5; M. M. Marling, 1865-70; T. P. Proudfit, 1872-83; W. J. Gillespie, 1884-6. Union, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; Aug. 7, 1858. J. D. Walkinshaw, 1860-5 I S. B. McBride, 1870-7 ; R. A. Jamison, 1878- Union, Madison Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Sept. 4, 1869. C. T. McCaughan, 1869-75 ; J. Sawhill, 1877- Union, Lincoln Co., Tenn.; Tennessee; Jan. 9, 1886. J. A. Myers, S. S., 1886- Uniontown [Upper Wheeling], Belmont Co., O.; Wheeling; 1805. A. Calderhead, 1808-13; W. Taggart, 1814-55; D. F. Reid, 1857-64; [Asso. Ref. Synod, W. S. Moffatt, 1869-81;] R. G. Campbell, 1870-81; J. C. Scouller, 1883- Unionville [Darby], Union Co., O.; Sidney; 1826. J. Wallace, 1832-9; I. N. Eaughead, 1843-64; J. W. Taylor, 1865-7; J. Gilmore, 1871-4; D. M. Gordon, 1875-8; E. E. Cleland, 1878- Unity, Harrison Co., O.; Wheeling; 1815. J. Walker, 1815-45; W. Wishart, 1847-68; W. G. Waddle, 1869- Unity, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; April 2, 1833. W. Conner, 1837-49; J. Kelso, 1852-72; E. Z. Thomas, 1873- Unity, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; 1846. J. Arbuthnot, 1854-66; J. Stewart, 1867-71; J. P. Finney, 1871-6; E. McKee, 1877-85; J. K. Montgomery, 1887- Unity, Butler Co., O.; ist Ohio; 1849. P. Monfort, 1850-9; J. Welsh, 1860-2; J. E. Aten, 1864-75 I R- C. Fin¬ ney, 1878-87. Unity, Mahaska Co. Iowa; Des Moines; Dec. 2, 1867. W. Gilbraith, 1869-70; J. Gilmore, 1876-82; J. C. Calhoun, S. S., 1884-5 I A. R, Munford, 1886- Unity, Tama Co., la.; Cedar Rapids; 1887. Utica, Licking Co., O.; Mansfield; about 1849. J. H. Peacock, 1850-8; G. W. Torrence, S. S., 1861-3; F. P. Dysart, ^875-9; J- Gailey, 1881-5. ' 190 alphabetical list of congregations Utica, Venango Co., Pa.; Lake; March i8, 1859. A. H. Caldwell, 1865-7; L. I. Crawford, 1870-3; N. Winegart, 1878-85. Utica, Seward Co., Neb.; Omaha; June 16, 1884. Valley Center, Sedgwick Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; Dec. 3) 1885. Valley Falls [Grasshopper Falls], Jefferson Co., Kan.; Kan¬ sas; 1866. D. Forsyth, 1869-73; J. Alter, 1877-84. Venice [Miller’s Run], Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; Asso., 1849; Asso. Ref., 1853. [Asso.] A, Anderson and T. Beveridge, S. S., 1850-5; [Asso. Ref.] J. L. Fairley, 1853-5; consolidated, 1858; A. R. Anderson, 1860- Vermillion, Marshall Co., Kan.; Pawnee; May, 1883. M. Morrison, 1883- Vernon, Waukesha Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; Sept. 6, 1847. G. W. Gowdy, 1850-4; S. M. Coon, 1855-62; J. Lackey, 1866-70; J. Dodds, 1872-8; J. B. Galloway, 1881- Verona [Valley Church], Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; 1857- H. K. Lusk, S. S., 1858-61; R. H. Boyd, 1864-9; J- Irons, 1873-87. Victoria, Adams Co., Iowa; College Springs; March, 1879. J. Taylor, S. S., 1884- Vienna, Rush Co., Ind.; Indiana; Sept, ii, 1847. R. E. Stewart, 1850-5; J. F. Hutchison, 1857-9; J. I. Frazer, 1861-5; A. Aten, 1866-70; A. R. Rankin, 1873-6; J. F. Hutchison, 1876- Viola [Twin Grove], Mercer Co., Ill.; Rock Island; 1855. D. C. Cochran, 1857-62; J. R. McCalister, 1862-7; J. M. Wallace, 1868- 70; W. S. McClanahan, 1871-87. Viola, Chase Co., Neb.; Pawnee; April 12, 1887. Volga, Clayton Co., la.; Ue Claire; March 30, 1880. S. P. Montgomery, 1886- Wahoo, Saunders Co., Neb.; Omaha; 1881. J. H. Morrow, 1882-7. Waitsburgh, Walla Walla Co., Wash. Ter.; Oregon; June 25, 1885. Walton [Morrisdale], Ontario, Can.; Stamford; May 8, i860. J. L. Robertson, 1866-8; D. Mann, 1871-6; W. H. Reid, 1880-3. Walton, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Oct. 25, 1865. N. K. Crowe, 1868-72; S. W. Meek, 1873-6; W. M. Howie, 1878- Walton, Harvey Co., Kan.; Neosho; April 24, 1874. C. Riddle, 1879-81; J. T. Wilson, 1882-6; D. F. Mustard, 1887- Wampum, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Oct. 8, 1875. J. J. Imbrie, S. S., 1876-9; A. Y. Houston, S. S., 1880-2; J. B. Whitten, 1883-5.^ Warm Springs, Crook Co., Ore.; July 19, 1864. [Composed of Warm Spring Indians.] R. W. McBride, 1884- Warren, Huntington Co., Ind.; Northern Indiana; 1847. D. Morrow, 1857-63; A. Mayn, S. S., 1868-71; R. Gray, 1873-9; J- Crea, S. S., 1879- WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 19I Warrensburg, Johnson Co., Mo.; Western Missouri; 1867. S. Jamison, 1868-70; J. C. Steele, 1872-6; J. Taylor, S. S., 1880-2. Washington, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; Asso. Ref., 1820; Asso., 1816. [Asso. Ref.] J. Graham, 1820-9; merged in the Asso. before 1858 ; [Asso.] D. Carson, 1834-4; T. Beveridge, 1836-50; T. Hanna, 1850-62; J. R. Johnston, 1863- Washington, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum; 1824. S. Findley, 1824-36; A. Miller, 1838-40; H. Forsyth, 1842-52; W. John¬ ston, 1856-66; S. M. Hutchison, 1867-74 1 I- N. White, 1875- Washington, Washington Co., Iowa, ist Church; Keokuk; Oct. 14, 1841. G. C. Vincent, 1841-7; W. H. Andrew, 1848-51; W. H. Wilson, 1853-69; W. C. Williamson, 1871-85. Washington, Washington Co., Iowa, 2d Church; Keokuk; 1855. S. F. Vanatta, 1855-63; A. Conner, 1865-9; R. B. Taggart, 1874-6; H. G. McVey, 1877-80; J. R. Logue, 1883- Waterford, Erie Co., Pa.; Lake; 1812. R. Reid, 1812-41; J. J. Findley, 1842-53; T. Love, 1854-64; H. P. Jack- son, 1865-9; T- W. Free, 1870- Watson’s Run, Crawford Co., Pa.; Lake; March 6, 1869. S. M. Black, 1873-4; J. McNab, 1875-85. Wayne [Beaver Dam], Erie Co., Pa.; Lake; 1859. J. L. Aten, 1860-3; A. S. Abbey, 1872-7; H. H. McMaster, 1878-82. Welda, Anderson Co., Kan.; Garnett; Aug. 17, 1880. T. Brown, 1882-5. Wellsville, Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; 1848. J. C. Campbell, 1848-55; J. Andrews, 1859-69; J. D. Brownlee, 1870-5; J. A. Bailey, 1877-82 ; J. G. Kennedy, 1884- Wellsville, Franklin Co., Kan.; Garnett; April 14, 1885. West Alexander [Three Ridges], Washington Co., Pa.; Wheeling; 1838. J. Shaw, 1840-52; J. C. Murch, 1852-9; J. Stevenson, 1859-70; M. Or¬ mond, 1872-6; W. M. Coleman, 1877- West Beaver, Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; about 1818. E. N. Scroggs, 1820-38; J. W. Harsha, 1840-4; S. T. Herron, 1846-68; J. H. Leiper, 1868-74; H. H. Brownlee, 1877-80; J. W. Best, 1881- West Bethel, Crawford Co., Ill.; Princeton; June, 1869. H. McHatton, 1874- W^sLCharlton, Saratoga Co., N. Y.; Albany: 1 702. J- Mairs, i794-i» 35; A. Johnston, i»37-55 ; A. Henry, 1858-63; W. N. Randles, 1864-72; W. M. Gibson, 1873-8; W. E. Stewart, 1882-5; A. Wareham, 1886- West Chester, Washington Co., Iowa; Keokuk; May 8, 1876. J. Lackey, 1877-82; J. T. Tate, 1884- West Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Nov. 25, 1841. W. J. Cleland, 1847-63; A. Thomas, 1863-7; A. G. King, 1868- West Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1844. H. Q. Graham, 1856-73; D. W. McLane, 1876-80; S. M. Black, i88i- 192 alphabetical list of congregations West Galway, Fulton Co., N. Y.; Albany; March 26, 1867. D. Anderson, 1871-5. ^^^hino-tnn Co., N. Y.; Argyle; 1785. P. Bullions,''1818-23 ; J. Irvine, 1824-31; A. Anderson, 1833-47 ; J. Bal- lantine, 1848-9; J. McKee, 1851-7; W. R. McKee, 1860-7; G. W. Wiley, 1868- West Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; 1850. [Previously a part of Kortright. ] J. M. McNulty, 1852-6; J. Rippey, 1856-66; R. T. Doig, 1868- West Liberty, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Sept. 21, 1875. W. P. Shaw, 1877- West Mecca, Trumbull Co., O.; Mercer; Dec. i6, 1882. J. B. Stewart, S. S., 1882-3; Supplies, 1883- West Middlesex [Beulah], Mercer Co., Pa., Mercer; 1841. R. W. Oliver, 1846-53; J. Armstrong, 1856-^8; W. J. Snodgrass, 1869- West Middletown, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; 1810. S. Findley, 1814-22; W. Wallace, 1828-33 5 S. Taggart, 1835-85. Westminster, Keokuk Co., Iowa; Keokuk; Feb. ii, 1867. J. T. Tate, 1868-70; T. E. Turner, 1870-2 ; J. Lackey, 1872-6; J. T. Tate, 1878- West Newton, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; Nov. 5) 1850. A, G. Fergus, 1851-1; D. H. Pollock, 1854-60; W. L. McConnell, 1860-5 ; J. D. Walkinshaw, 1865-9; W. R. Stevenson, 1872-81; J. S. Garvin, 1882- West Union, Adams Co., O.; Chillicothe; 1812. W. Baldridge, 1812; Supplies; J. Caskey, 1836-38; J. Graham, 1841-9; A. W. McClanahan, 1853-5; A. W. McClanahan, 1858-60; J. Arbuth- not, 1862-6; J. P. Finney, S. S., 1874-6; E. McKee, S. S., 1877-81. West Union [Union], Indiana Co., Pa.; Conemaugh; 1816. D. Blair, 1818-58; S. Anderson, 1852-67; J. C. Telford, 1867- West Union, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny; 1842. J. Given, 1854-7 1 J- G- Barnes, 1862-70; N. E. Wade, 1875-84; R. H. Park, 1885- West Union, White Co., Ill.; Princeton; 1853. J. Morrow, S. S., 1853-5; J. L. Craig, S. S., 1855-7; T. Tmmer, S. S., 1858-60; A. S. Montgomery, 1864-82. West Unity, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1834. J. Johnston, S. S., 1834-5; J. Green, 1835-46; W. P. Breaden, 1847-58 ; W. A. Black, 1860-5; W. H. Jamieson, S. S., 1867-72; J. E. Dodds, 1874-7; R. A. Gilfillan, 1879-82; J. J. Imbrie, 1883- Wheatland, Will Co., Ill.; Chicago; May, 1848. R. W. French, S. S., 1848-60; T. Dickson, 1862-5; S. F. Clark, 1865-70; W. J. McAllister, 1872-4; J. W. Buchanan, 1874-84; J. C. Lynn, 1885- Wheeling, W. Va.; Wheeling; Nov. 24, 1833. W. Wallace, 1833-49; J. T. McClure, 1850- Wheeling, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers; Aug. 15, 1836. J. Shaw, 1843-52; J. C. Murch, 1853-9 i J- A- McKee, 1860- White Oak, Mahaska Co., Iowa; Des Moines; Oct., 1869. S. F. Clark, 1878-82; J. Gilmore, S. S., 1883-4. WITH THEIR HISTORICAL RECORD. 193 White Oak Springs, Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; 1816. I. Niblock, 1819-36; W. Findley, 1837-51; T. Drennen, 1853-7; W. H. Jamison, 1858-78; T. W. Young, 1879-84. Whitinsville, Worcester Co., Mass; Boston; Dec. 30, 1874. (Organized Oct. 3, 1871. R. Harkness, 1873-4. Dissolved May 22, 1874; reorganized Dec. 30, 1874.) J. L. Thompson, 1878-82 ; J. C. Mackey, 1883-4; J. R. McAllister, S. S., 1885-7. Wilkinsburg, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Nov. 21, 1882. M. M. Patterson, 1884- Willamette, Linn Co., Ore.; Oregon; July 9, 1850. T. S. Kendall, S. S., 1850-4; S. G. Irvine, 1857-74; A. M. Acheson, 1877- Wilsonville, Furnace Co., Neb.; Pawnee; Sept, 1882. J. S. Ross, 1883-6. Wilton, Will Co., Ill.; Chicago; May 14, i860. R. W. French, 1861-82; W. W. White, 1885-6; J. W. Cleland, 1887- Winchester, Jefferson Co., Kan.; Kansas; Dec. 13, 1869. D. Forsyth, S. S., 1869-71; J. S. McMunn, 1877-82; W. Wright, 1883- Winfield, Henry Co., Iowa; Keokuk; Oct, 1865. y. M. Henderson, 1865-71; T. L. Thome, 1877- Winterset, Madison Co., Iowa; Des Moines; 1855. C. T. McCaughan, 1865-70; J. U. McClenahan, 1875-7 i A. M. Camp¬ bell, 1881-4. Woonsocket, Sanborn Co., Dak.; Omaha; April 4, 1885. W. T. Moffett, S. S., 1885- Wooster, Wayne Co., O.; Mansfield; 1815, S. Irvine, 1821-37; J. McKee, 1837-49; H. Sturgeon, 1852-6; J. W. Mc¬ Farland, 1857-62; R. H. Pollock, 1865-76; D. A. Wallace, 1878-83; R. A. Gilfillan, 1885-6; J. A. Wilson, 1887- [Asso. Ref.,-; J. H. Peacock, 1844-51; merged in Asso. about 1858.] Worthington, Armstrong Co., Pa.; Butler; June 19, 1851. J. N. Dick, 1851-4; J. Jamison, 1855-60; T. M. Seaton, 1863-70; J. L. Grove, 1872-84; D. McCaw, 1886- Wiirtemburg, Lawrence Co., Pa.; Beaver Valley; Feb., i860. J. H. Peacock, 1867-73 I J- Glenn, 1874-81; J. B. Whitten, 1883-5. Wyoming, Jones Co., Iowa; Le Claire; Nov. 4, 1859. L. I. Crawford, 1864-9 1 J- U. McClenahan, 1869-72; W. Donaldson, 1877- 86. Xenia, O., ist Church; Xenia; 1810. J. Steele, 1817-36; J. R. Bonner, 1838-45; R. D. Harper, 1846-68; W. G. Moorehead, 1871-5; T. H. Hanna, 1875-80; J. H. Wright, 1881- Xenia, O., 2d Church; Xenia; Oct. 21, 1811. F. Pringle, 1814-18; T. Beveridge, 1820-4; S. Wilson, 1830-55; R. B. Ewing, 1859-68; J. G. Carson, 1869- Xenia, O., 3d Church; Xenia; Ref. Pres., 1848; U. P., 1869. [Ref. Pres.] J. A. Crawford, 1853-60; R. McCaslin, 1861-6; [U. P.] W. H. McMillan, 1870-3; R. Turnbull, 1874-8; W. G. Moorehead, 1878- 85; J. W. Smith, 1886- Xenia Prairie, Clay Co., Ill.; Southern Illinois; 1862. A. R. Rankin, 1866-72; W. Stevenson, 1875-7 i S. S. Stewart, 1883- 194 alphabeticai. list of congregations Yellow Creek [Big Yellow Creek], Jefferson Co., O.; Steuben¬ ville; i8i8. E. N. Scroggs, 1820-3; J. Donaldson, 1823-34; J. Patterson, 1837-54; J. S. Easton, 1855-6; T.’R. Simpson, 1856-^1; J. Golden, 1864-9; H. Y. Leiper, 1870- York, Livingston Co., N. Y.; Caledonia; 1813. H. S. Wilkin, 1823-33 I A. Blaikie, 1836-45 ; J. M. Heron, 1848-52; J. Van Eaton, 1853-^; H. A. McDonald, 1881-5; A. K. DufiF, 1887- York, Page Co., Iowa; College Springs; Feb. 16, 1878. R. H. Barnes, 1882- Yorkville, Racine Co., Wis.; Wisconsin; Jan. 5, 1847. S. Collins, 1847-60; J. A. Shankland, 1861-70; J. H. Morrow, 1874-80; J. M. McArthur, S. S., 1881-6. Youngstown, ist Church, Mahoning Co., O.; Cleveland; Oct. 10., 1859. G. K. Ormond, 1861-70; J. M. Wallace, 1871-81; S. R. Frazier, 1884- Youngstown, 2d Church, Mahoning Co., O.; Cleveland; 1887. Zafarwal, India; Sialkot; Nov., 1879. Zerabi; Egypt; June i, 1882. Zion, Douglas Co., Minn.; Minnesota; Oct. 2, 1862. J. E. Whitla, 1873-85. THE MINISTRY. 195 The Ministry* ABBEY, Alexander Smith: Was born Feb. 28, 1834, in Wayne township, Erie Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny one year after licensure; was licensed Sept. 8, 1869, by the Eake Pres., and ordained May 7, ’72, by the same; pastor of Wayne, Erie co., Pa., May, 1872-Feb. 6, ’77; at Summit, Erie Co., i879-’85. Principal of Jamestown Seminary for eight years, and of the Waterford Academy for two, ACHESON, Allen Morrow: Was born Feb. 22, 1849, Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed June 5, 1876, by the Pres, of Monmouth, and or¬ dained May 2, ’77, by the same; installed July 12, 1877, at Willamette, Oregon. ACHESON, Robert (A.): Was born near Market Hill, Ireland; was graduated at the University of Glasgow, Scotland, and studied theology at the Independent Theological Hall in Glasgow; was licensed in 1856 by the Independent Ch. in Scotland, and ordained Sept. ’ 57 ) t)y the Associate Pres, of Northern Illinois; pastor at Galena, Ill., Sept. 1857-May, ’58; of Galt, in Canada, June, 1858-June, ’73; and Stamford, Canada, since Nov., 1874. ADAIR, John McCleary (A.): Was born Sept. 10, 1831, in Indiana, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed July 3, 1858, by the Pres, of Conemaugh, and or- *(A.) after a name means Associate before the union of 1858, when the United Presbyterian Church was formed; and (A. R.) Associate Reformed. An asterisk (*) marks those that are dead. 196 THE MINISTRY. dained Mar. 16, ’59, by the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia, and installed at Stone Valley, Huntingdon Co., Pa., where he still remains. Publication: Slavery viewed from the Bible Stand¬ point, 1863, P‘ ^7* ADAIR, James Hite*: Brother of the Rev. John M., was born Feb. 19, 1829, Indiana, Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, i860, by Cone- maugh Pres., and ordained June 20, ’66, sine titulo^ by the same. He labored as a Domestic Missionary in southeast Kansas until 1878, when he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and resided at Galesburg, Kansas. Died Aug. 24, 1885. ADAIR, WiEEiAM (A. R.):* Was received as a licentiate from the Presbyterian Ch., Nov. 15, 1804, by the Pres, of Big Spring; was ordained Ap. 7, 1807, by the same, and at the same meeting accepted a call to Old Providence, in Augusta Co., and the Sinks, in Monroe Co., Va.; because of the distance from the members of Pres¬ bytery his installation never took place; resigned Old Provi¬ dence Ap. 19, 1809, because of the “hundred miles, three mountains and six rivers ’ ’ which interposed between his two congregations, and gave instead his half time to Sinking Creek and Antonie’s Creek, in Greenbrier Co.; resigned the Sinks Nov. 22, 1813, and next spring the Greenbrier churches; on the 25th of May, 1814, he asked of Presbytery and received ‘ ‘ permission to cease from discharging the func¬ tions of the gospel ministry. ’ ’ ADAMS, James (A.)*: Was born Aug. 8, 1792, three miles west of Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated in 1819 at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service, and Dr. Ramsay at Canons¬ burg; was licensed Aug. 29, 1821, by Chartiers Pres., and or¬ dained May 15, ’23, by Miami; was installed at the same time as pastor at Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O. He was deposed from the ministry in July, 1838, for drunkenness, and after some time moved to Madison, Ind, where he engaged in teach¬ ing, and died Sept. 16, 1842, and was buried at Carmel, Ind. THE MINISTRY. 197 ADAMS, John (A.)*: Was born Mar. 7, 1785, in county Armagh, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology with Dr. William Taylor, of Perth, and was licensed in 1819 by the Associate Burgher Ch. of Scotland. He acted as mission¬ ary until 1832, when he came to the U. S.; was ordained Sept. II, ’33, by the Pres, of Philadelphia; pastor of Guin- ston, York Co., Pa., Sept. 1833-Ap. ’55, and died very sud¬ denly July 14, 1862. AIKEN, Alexander Scott: Was born Feb. 3, 1846, near Princeton, Eawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1873, ^7 Pres, of Beaver Valley, and ordained Ap. 29, ’75, by Big Spring, and installed pastor of Eower Chanceford, York Co., Pa. He served in the civil war as sergeant in the i6th Pennsylvania Cavalry. Publication: Biographical Sketch of the Rev. John Cuthbertson, p. 36. AEEXANDER, John R. : Was born May 23, 1849, Plain township, Wayne Co., O.; was graduated at Ohio Central College, Iberia, O., in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1874, by the Pres, of Mansfield; was appointed in the ensuing autumn to the Foreign Missionary work in Egypt, and was ordained by his Presbytery Jan. 20, ’75, and sailed February the loth, reached his field in March, and after learning the language has been mainly occupied with the in¬ terests of the Native College at Asyoot. ALEXANDER, Josiah A.*: Was born Aug. 8, 1819, in Washington Co., Tenn.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 17, 1851, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and or¬ dained Oct. 27, 1853, Muskingum; was pastor of Belmont and connections, in Belmont Co., O., Oct. 1853-May, 1855; of Deer Creek, Lawrence Co., Pa., May, 1857-June 8, ’77. Died Ap. 12, 1883, at New Wilmington, Pa. ALEXANDER, Samuel (A.): Was born in Washington Co., Tenn.; was graduated at 198 THE MINISTRY. Franklin in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 5, 1852, by the Chartiers Pres., and ordained August 21, 1855, by Ohio; was pastor of Bethel congregation, and lycetonia. Pa., Aug., 1855-Feb. 21, ’72; S. S. at Clarkson Lawrence Co., Columbiana Co., O., 1874-9; pastor of Lyn¬ don, Kan., June 27, 1882- ALLEN, Andrew Jackson (A.): Was born Dec. 16, 1824, in Illinois; was graduated at Washington in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in May, 1852, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained in Oct, 1857, Iowa; was pastor of Scotch Grove, la., Oct, 1857-Feb., 1864; of Carrollton and connections in Ohio, Dec. 3, 1872-Sept. 12, ’82; was for many years a teacher. ALLEN, Henry (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 8, 1817, in county Tyrone, Ireland; was edu¬ cated at Miami University, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Mar., 1846, by First Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained in Ap., 1847, same; was pastor of Sycamore and Hopkinsville, Warren co., O., Ap., 1847-Ap. ’55; of Iowa City, la., July, 1856-Nov., ’60; of Union, Randolph co., Ill., Dec., 1860-5; was called to Second Ch., Cincinnati, July, 1865, but without installation returned the call in July, 1866; was installed at Hoboken, N. J., in Mar., 1867, and died Dec. 25, of the same year, from heart disease. Publications: Three sermons in the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church, vols. 1 - 3 - 4 * ALLISON, Thomas (A.)*: Was born June 3, 1771, most probably in York co.. Pa., but was reared in Washington co.; was educated at Canons¬ burg Academy previous to its being chartered as a college, and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson at Service; was licensed May i, 1800, by the Presbytery of Pennsylvania, and ordained Feb. 10, 1802, by Chartiers, and installed at Mount Hope, in Washington co.. Pa., and Cross Creek, Brooke co., Va. This charge he retained until Mar. 6, 1838, when, because of age and infirmity, he resigned. He died Ap. 6, 1840, from congestion of the bowels. ALTER, Joseph: Was born Dec. 1841, in Plum township, Allegheny co.. THE MINISTRY. 199 Pa.; was graduated at Wooster University in 1873, studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1876, by the Pres, of Mansfield, and ordained Dec. 12, ’77, by Kansas; pastor of Valley Falls and Nortonville, Jeffer¬ son CO., Kansas, Dec. 12, 1877-Sept. 10, ’84; missionary in Washington Territory since Oct., ’84. Served in the civil war in the i22d regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was wounded in the battle of Fredericksburg, Va. ANDERSON, Abraham, D. D. (A.)*: Was born near Newville, Cumberland co.. Pa., Dec. 7, 1789, of Irish parents, who had recently settled there. The family soon moved to western Pennsylvania, where he labored upon the farm until after his majority. During the war with England he served for a year under General Harrison, after which he commenced his studies, and was graduated at Jef¬ ferson in 1817. He spent one year with Dr. John Anderson, and finished his theological studies under the direction of Presbytery. From 1818 to 1821 he was Prof, of Eanguages in Jefferson College, and at the same time studied theology and prosecuted a course of medical studies with Dr. Eether- man. He was licensed Aug. 29, 1821, by the Pres, of Char- tiers, and ordained in Sept., 1822, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was pastor of Steele Creek and Bethany, in Mecklenburg co., N. C., Sept., 1822-33, West He¬ bron, Washington co., N. Y., 1833-’47, and then collegiate pastor with Dr. Beveridge, at Venice, Pa., till his death, which took place May 9, 1855, Canonsburg. He was Prof, of Didactic and Polemic Theology in the Seminary at Canonsburg, 1847-55. Publications: A Circular to the Churches in the Carolinas in 1824; ^ Sermon on Covenant¬ ing; a Criticism on Decision in a Church Case in Vermont; Lectures on Theology. ANDERSON, Abraham (A.)*: Was born near Canonsburg, Pa., in 1818: was graduated at Jefferson in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June of 1846 by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained in Sept., ’47, by Allegheny; was pastor of the First Asso. Congregation of Pittsburgh, 1847, until his death, July 27, 1849. 200 THE MINISTRY. ANDERSON, Abraham Ramsey: Was born Feb. 3, 1832, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1855, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 15, 1858, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and ordained Ap. 17, ’60, by the same, and installed as pastor of Venice congregation, in Washington co.. Pa. ANDERSON, David (A.)*: Was born and educated in Scotland, and was licensed and ordained by a Pres, of the United Session Ch., and was twenty-seven years pastor of a congregation in Scotland; he was, upon his arrival in this country, received Oct. 30, 1839, by the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia; accepted a call to the con¬ gregations of Carlisle and Unity, Pa., on the 26th of March, 1841, and was installed on the 28th of the following Oct. In May, 1842, during a meeting in Philadelphia, and while put¬ ting his daughter aboard a steamer for Baltimore, met with an accident, from which he died in a few hours. ANDERSON, David: Was born June 28, 1840, in Belfast, Ireland; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1870, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 4, ’71, by Albany; pastor in West Galway, N. Y., 1871 -Sept., ’75, of Uittle York, Ill., Feb., 1876-Oct., ’78, and commenced Ap., 1880, as S. S. in Octoraro, Pa., and pastor since May 10, 1881. He served as a private in the Round- head regiment during part of the Rebellion, and was severely wounded at the second battle of Bull Run. Publication: History of the Congregation of Uittle York, Ill., 1876, 26 pages. ANDERSON, James Auld: Was born March i, 1854, at West Alexander, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1880, by Wheeling Pres, and ordained Nov. 9, ’80, by Mansfield; pastor of Mansfield, Nov. 9, 1880-Jan. 19, ’87; Beulah, N. Y., May 2, 1887- ANDERSOJUJohn, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in England, near the Scotch border, and of Scotch parents, about the year 1748. An only child and THE MINISTRY. 201 soon fatherless. He was graduated at one of the Scottish Universities, and studied theology at the Associate Divinity Hall, and was licensed by a Presbytery of the Secession Church, but his voice was so weak and his manner so hesita¬ ting that his services in the pulpit were not called for, and for years he was employed as a corrector of the press. In June, 1783, he sailed for the United States with his aged mother, who died at sea, and landed in August, at Philadel¬ phia. He lost a valuable library in the passage. He itiner¬ ated for four years under the care of the Asso. Presbytery of Pennsylvania, and was then ordained sine titulo in Philadel¬ phia Oct. 31, 1788. In the Autumn of 1792 he was installed as pastor of Mill Creek and Harmon’s Creek, (now Service and Frankfort,) in Beaver county, Pa., and remained until his death, Ap. 6, 1830, which occurred while attending Presbytery at North Buffalo. April 21, 1794, he was ap¬ pointed Professor of Theology for the Associate Church, and so continued until the spring of 1819, when he resigned be¬ cause of the infirmities of age. Dr. Anderson was a man of mark in every sense. He was remarkably small, his stature not much exceeding five feet, with a large head enveloped in a forest of thick tangled hair. “Nature,” says one of his pupils, “in setting him up had for¬ gotten to supply the convenience of a neck, and there seemed to have been a great lack of muscle where it ought to have been, as his head was constantly inclined to his breast at an angle of forty-five degrees. ’ ’ His voice was low, though not unmu¬ sical, and he spoke with much hesitation and embarrassment, so that a fair writer could take down his discourses without the use of phonography. He had brilliant and piercing black eyes, which possessed such strength and endurance that he never used glasses even in extreme old age. He was, in temper, somewhat irascible, although distinguished for meekness and' humility, and was very impatient of contradiction, so far as- related to matters of principle. When his temper had gained' a momentary ascendency he would immediately manifest the deepest humiliation and penitence, and solicit again and again the pardon of those against whom he had spoken with severity, and confess with great grief this infirmity of his nature. 14 202 THE MINISTRY. He was noted for his abstraction of mind and entire igno¬ rance of the common affairs of life. On one occasion when leaving Philadelphia, where Synod had been in session, Mr. Young, with whom he had lodged, knew that he had no money and gave him enough to take him home, but knowing his habits, concluded to watch him until he got out of the city, and soon found him in a book store where he had already spent his last dollar, without any thought of how he was to get to Beaver county. It was no uncommon thing for him to bring back from a journey nothing of a large supply of linen except what was on his back. His habit was to take a book to read when he mounted his horse, and he soon became so absorbed in it as to be oblivious to all else, and “old gray,” understanding his ways, would generally betake himself to what grass and food he could find, and things would remain thus for an hour at a time. He rarely or never succeeded in going to Presbytery or Synod without losing himself. He would even lose himself in going to his own church, and when services were over he would sometimes mount the first gray horse he found and ride away, without any regard to ownership. He once set out from home upon a cold day in the winter to attend a distant meeting of Presbytery, and in¬ dulged himself for a while in his usual practice of reading till the severity of the weather compelled him to desist. He now found himself in a place which he could not recognize, and began to urge his horse forward with unwonted activity; but having ridden all day without discovering any habitation, or meeting any person from whom he could obtain directions, as a last resort, in the evening, he gave the reins to the horse, thinking he might lead him to some shelter for the night. The horse, thus left to himself, soon brought him to an opening in the woods and made directly for a habitation at a little distance. The Doctor knocked at the door and it was opened by an aged lady, of whom he inquired, in a sup¬ plicating tone, whether he could get lodgings for the night. The lady proved to be his wife, and the house his own, around which he had been riding all day at the distance of a mile or two. He once put on the horse a saddle for his wife, and put it on with the horns behind; when told of his error he expressed astonishment that saddles should have horns. THE MINISTRY. 203 As a theological lecturer he was exceedingly methodical, and confined himself to the Medulla and Compend of John Mark, in the unfolding of which he lectured nearly every day of the session from three to four hours at a time. History and Exegesis and the other departments of a modern course were almost wholly neglected. As a preacher he was very different, for he was plain and practical. In the pulpit he seemed to forget that there was such a thing as controversial divinity in existence, and dwelt upon the simplest truths of the gospel in the most simple manner possible. Occasionally a thought, or whole train of thought, would break in upon him that seemed to stir up his soul from its lowest depths. “The change that came over him at such times was astonish¬ ing. The tongue of the stammerer now spoke plainly, his form would dilate, his voice would roll like thunder, and his little black eyes would sparkle like two burning torches.” But his most noted characteristic was his spirituality as a man. Dr. Alex. McClelland was under his instruction for three years, and during all that time, summer as well as win¬ ter, was a member of his family, and had opportunities of knowing him better than any other man, and he writes of him thus: “To say that he was animated by a profound rev¬ erence for the Supreme Being, never named Him without making a perceptible pause in his discourse, paid marked re¬ gard to the Divine laws and institutions, was a strict observer of the Lord’s Day, etc., etc., would be to talk quite prettily and appropriately of some persons; but, applied to John An¬ derson of Service Creek would be ridiculous bathos. God was his life^ his soid^ his all in all! In God his whole moral man lived and moved and had its being. He walked with Him constantly as a personal friend; and I doubt whether there was a moment when He was not present to him as a distinct object of thought. Very soon this fact struck me so forcibly that I determined to make the old man my particular study, and began to play the spy on him to a greater extent than, under other circumstances, would have been dignified or proper. Ten times a day have I gone to his study door and peered through the key-hole to see what he was doing, and eight times out of the ten I found him upon his knees. 204 THE MINISTRY. My little sleeping apartment was next to his, and often, long after our old wooden clock had commenced striking the small hours, I heard the low breathing of one in earnest devotion. Seeking an explanation, I was told by the old lady, after some cross-questioning, that being extremely subject to ner¬ vous wakefulness, he found nothing better to do than rise and spend a half hour in prayer. This mode of composing unquiet nerves appeared to me a strange business, and I re¬ solved to know more about it. Searching carefully the par¬ tition, I found a large cranny, to which I applied my ear with such good effect that I was able to catch much of what he said, and such praying I never heard before nor expect to hear again. It was not prayer in the common acceptation of the term, but an outgtish of holy, child-like confidence in a Father with whom he was in familiar colloquy; sometimes taking the form of a confession of unworthiness, sometimes that of an humble interrogatory, then passing over into a sort of argumentative pleading, in which he would remind his Heavenly Father of His engagements in the everlasting cove¬ nant, of some gracious promise in the Word, of the blood- shedding on Mount Calvary, of His past providential dealings, and all this with such deep feelings of love, gratitude, self- abasement and triumphant hope that I was absolutely as¬ tounded and tore myself away, aghast at the presumption with which I had been violating the sanctity of a place, holy as Heaven itself; stealing like a vile thief and eavesdropper into the nuptial chamber where the Lord was communing with his mystic spouse. To my mind there was something awful in the thought of a mortal creature holding such close correspondence with the invisible world, nestling itself, if I may so speak, in the very bosom of God. Many a night it robbed me of sleep, and when, on the following morning, the little man joined our family circle in his usual quiet and un¬ obtrusive way I would gaze at him as if I saw a spirit Happy old man! Death must have been comparatively a very trifling change to him, for the hallowed employments and pleasures on which he entered were those which formed the whole happiness of his earthly existence. ’ ’ Publications: Essay on Various Subjects Relative to the THE MINISTRY. 205 Present State of Religion: Glasgow, 1782. A Discourse Upon the Divine Ordinance of Singing Praise: 1791. A Vindica¬ tion of this Discourse: 1793. Vindicise Cantus Dominici: 1800. The Appropriation which is in the Nature of Saving Faith: 1793. A Series of Letters to the Rev. Dr. Hemphill, of South Carolina, on the Union of 1782: 1803. Precious Truths: 1806. Notes to Brown’s Dictionary of the Bible: 1807. A Series of Dialogues on Church Communion: 1820. ANDERSON, John (A. R.)*: Was born in 1791, in Ireland; when he came to this coun¬ try he identified himself with the “McCoyites,” and was educated under their auspices, and ordained about 1822 by the Reformed Dissenting Presbytery. He was for many years pastor of the Reformed Dissenting congregation of Clear Ridge, Guernsey co., O. August 24, 1853, congregation united with the Second Pres, of Ohio. He re¬ mained pastor until his death. Sept, i, 1855, when his con- gation joined the Asso. Ref. congregation of Fairview, with the families of which it was intermixed. ANDERSON, John (A. R.): Was born July 6, 1826, in Port Hope, Canada, and reared in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1852, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Oct. 9, 1855, by the Pres, of Washington, and ordained by Michigan, June 20, ’57; was pastor of Oswego and New Paris, in Elkhart co., Ind., June, 1857-’68, Martin, Mich., i868-Ap. 10, 1877. United with the Presbyterian ch. and is at School¬ craft, Mich. ANDERSON, Samuel (A.)*: Was born Dec. i, 1826; in Fredericksburg, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1846, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed in June, 1850, by the Richmond Pres., and ordained sine titulo by the same July 17, ’50; spent two years as a missionary in Illinois and Wisconsin; was installed as the colleague of the Rev. David Blair, in the united charge of Indiana and Union, Aug. 3, 1852, by the Allegheny Pres¬ bytery. Immediately after the union of 1858, Nov. 12, this charge was divided, Mr. Blair retaining Indiana and Mr. Anderson the Union branch, with which, Ap. 12, 1859, he 2 o6 THE MINISTRY. associated the congregation of Olivet for one-third of his time, both of which he resigned Ap. 19, ’67, He was pastor of Amity, now College Springs, in la., from June 26, 1867, till his death, Dec. 20, 1869. ANDERSON, Thomas W. ; Was born near West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., Dec. 27, 1855; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 27, 1879, by Alle¬ gheny Pres.; was ordained June 28, ’80, by Philadelphia, and installed as pastor of the United Presbyterian Church in Baltimore, Md. ANDERSON, Wieeiam Harvey: Was born Aug. 17, 1851, near Cedarville, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Wooster University in 1878, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Apr. 13, 1881, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Jan. ii, ’82, by Garnett; pastor at Edger- ton, Johnson Co., Kan., Jan. ii, 1882-Oct. 20, ’85. ANDREW, James Hervey (A.): Was born May 23, 1823, Xenia, O.; was graduated at Washington in 1849, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 5, 1852, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and or¬ dained Feb. 20, ’55, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Oxford, Pa., Feb. 20, 1855-July 29, ’63; South Argyle, N. Y., Ap. 1864-Jan. 13, ’74; First Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y. since May 15, 1876- ANDREW, WiEEiAM Hume, D. D. (A.)*: Brother of James H., was born in Xenia, O., July 28, 1818; was graduated at Franklin in 1843, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 16, 1847, Pres, of Miami, and ordained Sept. 17, ’48, by Iowa; was pastor of Washington and Columbus City, la.. Sept. 1848-Ap. ’51; of North Eiberty, Adams Co., O., Ap. 1853-Ap. ’54; joined the Asso. Ref Pres, of Chillicothe in May, 1854; was pastor in Ripley, O., May, 1854-Ap. ’57; of the Asso. Ref Ch. at Canonsburg, Pa., June 30, 1857-July 26, ’59; was appointed Dec. 27, 1857, Lawrenceville, (now 7th Pitts¬ burgh,) and installed as pastor Sept. 18, i860, and resigned Dec. 28, ’75; was installed in Jan., 1876, in Galt, Upper THE MINISTRY. 207 Canada, where he died March 30, 1879, from heart disease. In May, 1850, the Associate Synod appointed him Missionary to the Island of Trinidad; in May, 1851, he sailed, and landed June 28, in the island, and found the Missionary buildings greatly out of repair, and the ground now occupied by the Free Church of Scotland. Upon reporting these facts to the Board of Missions he was re-called and landed in Baltimore, Oct. 24, 1851. ANDREWS, John K. (A. R.): Was born Ap. 10, 1821, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1849, Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained June 8, ’52, by Springfield; was pastor in Piqua, O., June, 1852-Oct. 26, ’56; in Steubenville, O., Nov. 1856-63; was chaplain of the 126th Ohio Regiment, Oct, 1862-Nov., ’64; united with the Presbyterian Ch. in 1863; and is at Bed¬ ford, Pa. ANDREWS, Joseph (A. R.)*: Was born Ap. 22, 1815, at Mount Pleasant, Fayette Co., Pa.; was educated at Franklin College and Oxford Seminary; was licensed Ap. ii, 1843, ^Y Pres, of Mansfield, and or¬ dained Nov. 6, ’44, by the same; was pastor of Savannah, O., Nov. 6, 1844-N0V. I, ’51; of Chartiers Cross Roads, Wash¬ ington Co., Pa., May 31, 1853-Autumn, ’58; of Wellsville, O., June 14, 1859-June 16, 1869, when he died. ANDREWS, Thomas*: Was born Ap. 10, 1835, near Haysville, Ashland Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1859, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained by the same June 12, ’60, sine titulo; was pastor of the congregations of Calcutta and East Eiverpool, in Columbiana Co., O., Ap. 8, 1861, till Oct. 6, ’62, when he died from consumption. ANNAN Davto (A.)*: —< IJIIH , ' A younger brother of Dr. Robert, was born in Cupar, Fife- shire, Scotland, Ap. 4, 1754; he came while young to Amer¬ ica, and was educated at Queen’s College, in New Brunswick, N. J., in the first or second class educated at that institution; 2 o8 THE MINISTRY. studied theology, most likely, with his brother Robert; was licensed by the Asso. Pres, of New York, and also ordained by the same in Oct, 1778, at Walkill, N. Y., and settled im¬ mediately afterward at Peterborough, in Hillsborough Co., New Hampshire. In May, 1786, the Asso. Ref Synod erected Messrs. Annan, Morrison and Taggart, with their charges, into the Pres, of Londonderry, and in 1791, on Mr. Annan’s motion, changed its name to New England, al¬ though in 1794 it took again its old name. In the summer of 1792 he resigned his charge, and was received by certificate into the Pres, of New York Sept. 12, 1792, and in the spring of 1793 received and accepted a call to Neely town and con¬ nections in Orange Co., N. Y., and the third Wednesday of Sept, was appointed for his installation. But he changed his mind and declined the call, and communicated, Nov. 13, 1793, to Pres, his reasons for so doing, and returned to New England. Dr. Blaikie states that ‘ ‘ he had respectable talents, and might have retained the confidence of his people, but his intemperate habits, his licentious and corrupt conversation, and his haughty and overbearing manner, deprived him of all respect and regard. His wife was an estimable woman, yet was compelled by his brutal treatment to pass the whole night with her children in the woods, and finally divorced him on the ground of extreme cruelty.” He was deposed from the ministry in 1800 by the Pres, of Londonderry, and soon afterward went to Ireland, where he died in 1802. ANNAN, Robert, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1742, in Cupar, Fifeshire, Scotland; was grad¬ uated at the university of St. Andrew’s, and studied theology with the elder Moncrieff; he was licensed in the spring of 1761 by the Asso. Presbytery of Perth, when only nineteen years old, and sailed the following summer with John Mason and John Smart for New York. He connected himself im¬ mediately with the Asso. Presbytery of Pennsylvania, and in Oct., 1762, received a call from Marsh Creek and Conewago, Adams Co., Pa., and was ordained and installed there June 8, ’63. He resigned this charge in Ap., 1768, and during the following year was installed as pastor of Little Britain and connections in Orange Co., N. Y. During the revolu- THE MINISTRY. 209 tionary war he was a consistent and earnest patriot, and de¬ fended the American cause in the pulpit and out of it. While the army lay in winter quarters at Newburgh, General Washington, accompanied by the Marquis Lafayette, Colonel Hamilton and General Knox, paid him a friendly visit in recognition of his valuable services. He resigned Neely- town, etc., in the summer of 1783, and was pastor of the Federal Street Ch., in Boston, Mass., Sept. 23, 1783, till Aug. 6, ’86, when he took charge of the Old Scots’ Ch., Spruce street, Philadelphia, where he remained till 1802, and then took charge of the new Asso. Ref. congregation in Baltimore, Md. This he resigned in 1812, and retired to his farm in Lancaster Co., Pa., near Andrews’ bridge, on the Octoraro. He still continued to preach as he had opportunity, and as Mr. Dickey, of Oxford, preached only every fourth Sabbath in his Octoraro branch, he frequently preached there gratui¬ tously. He preached in Octoraro on the last Sabbath in Nov., 1819, from Rom. v. 2: “By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.” Not being able to finish the discussion, he appointed the next Sabbath to complete it, and while on his way to the church was thrown with great violence from his carriage, was taken up insensible and so remained two or three days, and then died Dec. 5, 1819. Publications: An Overture Illustrating the Westminster Confession of Faith, prepared by order of the Synod in 1787. He wrote most of this. A Narrative of the Division Among the Members of the Associate Body in the United States: 1789. On Univer¬ sal Salvation: 1790. The Connection Between Civil Govern¬ ment and Religion: 1790. A long newspaper controversy with Dr. Rush, of Philadelphia, on Capital Punishment: 1790. ARBUTHNOT, James (A. R.)*: Was born near Gettysburg, Pa., Dec. i, 1796, and spent the most of his youth near Wheeling, W. Va.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1823; studied theology privately and mainly with his pastor, the Rev. James Harvey; was licensed in 1825, by tbe Pres, of Washington (Presbyterian) and was or¬ dained Ap. 4, ’26, by the Pres, of Lancaster; was pastor of 210 THE MINISTRY. the Presbyterian Ch. at Pleasant Hill, Muskingum Co., O., Ap., i826-’3i; joined the Asso. Ref. Second Pres, of Ohio in the spring of 1831; was pastor of Plymouth, Vermillion and Eden, in Richland Co., O., June 21, 1832-’41; of Greenfield and Fall Creek, O., 1841-51; of Unity, Adams Co., 1854-’66; was also Principal of the Grammar School in North Liberty, Adams Co., i85i-’3. Died at Wheat Ridge, Adams Co., O., Ap. 10, 1880. ARCHIBALD, George D., D. D. (A. R.): Was born Feb. 15, 1820, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1847; studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar. 28, 1849, Pres, of Mononga- hela, and ordained by the same June 25, ’50; was pastor ol Manchester, Allegheny Co., Pa., 1850-’55; of Cincinnati, 1855-’60; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in Jan., 1861, and was in it pastor of the First Ch., Madison, Ind., i86i-’66; of Westminster Ch., New York city, i866-’68; President of Hanover College i868-’7o; Prof, of Homiletics, Polity and Pastoral Theology in Danville Theological Seminary, 1870- ’83, except one year, when the Seminary was suspended, dur¬ ing which he was President of Wilson Female College, at Chambersburg, Pa. ARMSTRONG, James G., D. D.: Was born July 24, 1836, in Ballymena, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Queen’s College, Belfast, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 31, 1859, Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 15, ’59, by Sidney; pastor of Sidney, O, Nov., 1859-Oct. 27, ’63; of St. Louis, Mo., Nov., 1863-’69. He then joined the Protestant Episcopal Church, and was rector of several Episcopal Churches, the last at Augusta, Ga. ARMSTRONG, John (A. R.)*: Was born in Oct., 1828, at Leesburg, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1853, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Aug. 14, 1855, by the Pres, of Law¬ rence, and ordained by the same Sept. 16, ’56; was pastor of Bethel and Beulah, in Mercer Co., 1856-’68; S. S. at Lees¬ burg and Harbor 1870-’73; pastor of Shenango, Oct. 12, 1875-Sept. II, ’77. Died June 25, 1879, Greenville, Pa. THE MINISTRY. 2 II ARMSTRONG, Robert (A.)*: Was born^Tn Midholm, Roxboroughshire, Scotland, and was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology with Archibald Bruce at Whitburn; was licensed in the autumn of 1796 by the Asso. Pres, of Kelso, and ordained June 15, ’97, by the same. He was both licensed and or¬ dained with the intention-of going to America. In 1796 some Scotch Seceders, living near Eexington, Ky., applied to the Synod for a preacher, and in answer Mr. Armstrong and Mr. A. Fulton were sent in the summer of 1797. They tar¬ ried during the subsequent winter in western Pennsylvania, and arrived in Kentucky in the summer of 1798, and on the 28th of Nov. organized, according to instruction, the Pres, of Kentucky, subordinate to the General Associate Synod of Scotland. He was installed Ap. 23, 1799, as pastor of Davis’ Fork, Miller’s Run and Cane Run, and so labored until the autumn of 1804, when he and his three congregations became so heartily sick of slavery that they rose en masse and mi¬ grated to Greene Co., O. Here they were organized into two congregations, Massie’s Creek and Sugar Creek, and on the 2d of Sept, the Presbytery ordered him to take charge of them without the formality of re-installation. In 1811 he gave up the Sugar Creek branch, and continued at Massie’s Creek until January 9, 1821, when he resigned with the intention of going to Flat Rock, Ind., but before he could accomplish this he died Oct. 14, 1821. He was remarkable for the smallness of his body, both low in stature and slight in form, but pos¬ sessed a vigorous mind and good acquirements, and received a very respectable vote in the Synod of 1821 as the only com¬ petitor of Dr. Ramsay for the Professorship of Theology. Publications: Some Letters to Friends in Scotland; A Ser¬ mon on Romans viii. 32, and a Charge delivered at the in¬ stallation of the Rev. W. Hume. ARMSTRONG, Robert, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Feb. 13, 1813, at Faughanvale, in Ireland; was graduated at the Western University Pa. in 1844, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1846, by the Pres, of Monongahela, and ordained June 29, ’47, by the same; was pastor of Mount Gilead, Allegheny Co., Pa., June, 1847- 212 THE MINISTRY. ^P- ^ 9 ) ’535 the Third Asso. Ref., Phila., Pa., May 15, 1855-N0V. 20, ’60; of Newburgh, N. Y., Mar. 12, i86i-Oct. 21, ’68; of Hoboken, N. J., Dec. 2, i868-Ap. 25, ’71; was in¬ stalled in the Second Ch., Jersey City, Jan. 10, 1872. Publi¬ cations: Thirteen Reasons why a Christian should not be a Free Mason, 1871; The Sabbath Vindicated, i6nio., 1880. ARNOLD, George Cavit (A. IL.)*: Was born Feb. 19, 1825, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1849, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1852, by the Pres, of Monongahela, and ordained Jan. 10, ’55, by Philadelphia; was pastor of the Sec¬ ond Asso. Ref. congregation of Philadelphia, now the Fourth U. P., from his ordination till his death. In Feb., 1863, he had a severe hemorrhage of the lungs, which interrupted his labors, and in Sept, he made a visit to western Wisconsin for the sake of its climate, but receiving no benefit started on his return to the East, and arrived in Chicago on Saturday, the 28th, and died there in a hotel on Monday, the 30th of Nov., 1863. He was tutor 1849-’50, subsequently declined the Professorship of Mathematics in Jefferson College, and was co-editor of the Christian Instructor 1859-62. He was a writer of vigor and elegance, and contributed largely to the periodical press. ^ .^NPTT^ Andrew (A.)*: ' Was born in 1722, in Portmoak, in Kinrosshire, Scotland; was thoroughly educated and licensed by the Asso. Pres, of Kinross; was ordained in 1752, and installed at Midholm; came with Mr. Gellatly in 1753 to Lancaster Co., Pa., where they organized the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, Nov. 2, 1753. After spending a year in missionary labors he returned in 1754 to Scotland, and resumed his charge at Midholm, where he continued until his death, which occurred May 18, 1803. ARNOTT, Moses (A.)*: Was born June 18, 1820, in Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1841, and studied theol¬ ogy at Canonsburg; was licensed June, 1845, Allegheny, and ordained June 15, ’46, by Cambridge Pres.; was pastor of Carmel and Bethel, in Jefferson Co., Ind., 1847-’74. Hied at Hanover, Ind., July 3, 1874. THE MINISTRY. 213 ARTHUR, William (A. R.)*: Was born in Peebles, in Scotland, where his father was the minister; entered the Anti-burgher Hall, then under William MoncriefF, in 1781, and was there a class-mate of Archibald Whyte and John Cree; was licensed in 1786, and soon after emigrated to the U. S. It is not certainly known when and by whom ordained, but was* a member of the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania in 1793, and passed in May, 1794, to the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York, and during the summer sup¬ plied Neely town and connections, in Orange Co. On the 22d of Oct. he received a unanimous call from these churches, with a salary “of ^150, parsonage, barn, sufficient land for two horses, four cows, and smaller cattle in proportion. ’ ’ He declined the call ‘ ‘ for a variety of reasons which he could not with propriety mention.” In 1795 he joined the Presby¬ terian Ch., and settled at Pequea, Pa., and died there in 1827. ASHENHURST, James Young (A.): Was born June 29, 1818, in Brown Co., O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology privately; was licensed Oct. 28, 1844, by the Ref. Dissenting Pres., and ordained by the same May 19, ’45; was pastor of Short Creek, Three Ridges, Forks of Wheeling and Forks of Yough, May, 1845- Oct., ’52, when, having united with the Asso. Ch., he and one or two others resigned their charges for the purpose of combining feeble churches in the same neighborhood; was pastor of Dalton, O., Ap., 1854-Oct., ’56; was installed at Haysville and Savannah Nov., 1856; resigned the latter in ’59 and the former in Nov., ’72. Spent from the autumn of 1872 till May, ’77, in exploring Mecklenberg Co., Va., and in organizing and supplying Chase City and Stanton River. Retired in May, 1877, because of ill-health, to Blaine, Bel¬ mont Co., O. ASHENHURST, JAMES OEIVER: Son of James Y. Was born Aug. ii, 1861, at Haysville, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1887, Wheeling, and ordained Sept. 27, ’87, by Mansfield, and in Oct. sailed as missionary for Egypt. 214 THE MINISTRY. ASHTON, Andrew Foster: Was born in White Creek, Washington Co., N. Y., Feb. 17, 1837; was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 29, 1864, by the Pres, of Xenia, and ordained sine titulo Oct. 19, ’66, by Michigan; was S. S. two years in Centreville, Mich., and one year in Vinton, Iowa; was pastor of Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y., Oct. 18, 1870-Jan., ’74; at Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., O., Ap. 7, 1874-Sept. 30, ’84. ATCHISON, John Mitchel: Was born in Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Musk¬ ingum in 1869, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1872, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Feb. 18, ’73, by Rock Island; pastor of Cedar Creek, Warren Co., Ill., Feb. 18, 1873-Jan. 3, ’84; Irwin, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Sept. I, 1884- ATCHISON, Robert Ramsey*: Was born Nov. 20, 1843, Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1866, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 20, 1869, by the Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Feb. 21, ’71, by Mansfield; pastor at Fredericksburg, O., Feb. 21, 1871-Oct. 15, ’78. Died Oct. 6, 1882, of con¬ sumption. ATCHISON, Thomas Cunningham: Was born Oct. 31, 1855, at Bloomfield, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1878, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 8, 1880, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’81, by Monongahela; pastor at Mansfield, Allegheny Co., Pa., since ordination. ATEN, Adrian (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 30, 1800, near New Castle, Henry Co., Ky., whither his father had removed from his native place in Washington Co., Pa. The family came from Holland, and more remotely from Scotland, where the name was spelled “Aytoun.” He was graduated at the Ohio University, Athens, in 1824; studied theology with the Rev. John Thompson, of Springdale, Hamilton Co., and was licensed by the Miami Pres. (Presbyterian) Ap. 10, 1826. On Nov. THE MINISTRY. 215 13, ’27, he was ordained and installed by the same Pres, as pastor of the church at “New Jersey,” now Carlisle, Warren Co., O. The next autumn he was encouraged by an out¬ pouring of the Spirit, when eighty-one made a profession of religion. He resigned in Oct., 1833; was of Springdale con¬ gregation the pastor from 1834 till ’41: served a church in Rossville, Butler Co., for a year; was pastor of the congrega¬ tion of Red Oak, Brown Co., from 1842 till ’46, when, because of the action of the Assembly of 1845 upon slavery, he left the Presbyterian Ch., and on the 8th of Dec., 1846, joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Chillicothe; was pastor of the Asso. Ref. congregation at Springdale 1848-’57; supplied the church at Richmond, Wayne Co., Ind., i858-’66; was pastor of Vienna congregation. Rush Co., Ind., i866-’7o, when from the in¬ firmities of age he retired from the active duties of the minis¬ try, and died Dec. 22, 1881, at Hamilton, O. During his ministry he preached 5,010 times. During the first 20 years he averaged 130 sermons per year; during the first 40 years he averaged 113, and during the first 50 years the average was over 99 per year. ATEN, John Long: Son of Adrian, was born at Glendale, Hamilton Co.. O., Aug. 7, 1836; was graduated at Miami in 1855, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 8, 1857, ^7 First Pres, of Ohio (A. R.), and was ordained Feb. 8, ’60, by Take; was pastor of Wayne congregation, Erie Co., Pa., Feb., 1860- Feb., ’63; of College Corner, Butler Co., O., Jan., 1864-Dec., ’75; of Cleveland, O., Ap. ii, 1876-June, ’79; S. S., Madison, Ind. AUSTIN, James G. (A.): Was born in Ireland; was educated at the Pennsylvania University and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 26, 1844, by the Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained July 6, ’48, by Cambridge; pastor of Hemmingsford and Hinchinbrook, in Canada, July, 1848-July, ’51; accepted, Ap. 16, 1861, a call from the congregation of Martin, in Michigan, and arrangements were made for his installation, but, for pru¬ dential reasons, it was subsequently postponed. On the iith of Oct. he was suspended, and on the loth of Dec., 1861, de- 2 i6 THE MINISTRY. posed from the ministry and excommunicated from the church by the Pres, of Michigan, and was lately engaged in secular pursuits near Pittsburgh, Pa. BAILEY, John Archibald: Was born May 22, 1835, at Candor, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 3, 1862, by Lake Pres., and ordained by the same June 23, ’63; was installed over George¬ town, New Vernon and Rocky Spring June 23, 1863; was re¬ leased from the last, Feb. 5, ’67, and from the other two Feb. 2, ’69; was pastor of Sidney, O., June 15, 1869-May 16, ’76; Wellsville, O., Jan. 10, 1877-Dec. 12, ’82; Sharon, Pa.. June 12, 1883- BAILEY, Samuel M. : Was born Sept. 18, 1848, in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Westminster, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 2, 1876, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’77, by Indiana, and was pastor of Shiloh congregation, Henry Co., Ind., Ap. 1877-Jan. 3, ’81; of Cadiz, O., June 14, i88i-Jan. 26, ’86; Clifton, Greene Co., O., Ap. 27, 1886- BAIN, John Wallace: Was born Ap. i, 1833, near Hanover, Ind.; was graduated at Westminster in 1858, and studied theology at Xenia, O.; was licensed in Ap., 1859, Pres, of Southern Indiana, and ordained Nov. 12, ’61, by Chartiers; was pastor of Can- onsburg. Pa., Nov., 1861-June, ’67; of Sidney, O., Sept., 1867-Sept., ’68; of New Castle, Pa., Sept, i868-Ap., ’73; Third Ch., Allegheny, Ap., 1873-June, ’74; Chicago, Ill., July, 1874-June, ’77, and Hamilton, O., Oct. 1877-Mar. 3, ’82. Joined the Presbyterian Church and is pastor in Altoona, Pa. Publications: God’s Songs and the Singer; Secret Orders; The Bible in the Schools; A Sermon on The Theatre; A Sermon on Our Position on Communion; A Sermon in Reply to Professor Swing’s Weakness of Christianity; Several Ad¬ dresses. BAIRD, James Robertson: Was born Ap. 23, 1828, at Lanark, Ontario, Canada; was educated at Ottawa, and studied theology four years with THE MINISTRY. 217 Prof. H. B. Knight; was licensed in March, i860, by the Wesleyan connection, came to the State of New York in 1862, and was ordained May 4, 1864 by the Wesleyan Church, and labored in its ministry until June, 1881, when he joined the United Presbyterian Church; pastor of Brockway and Fremont, Mich, since June 10, 1884. BAIRD, Thomas Frame*: Was born Sept. 14, 1824, near Antrim, O.; was graduated at Madison College, Antrim, in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 28, 1859, Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 23, ’61, by Big Spring; was pastor of Lower Chanceford, York Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death, which occurred June 14, 1865, from brain fever. BALDRIDGE, Benjamin Logan (A. R.): Twelfth and youngest son of the Rev. William; was born Feb. 9, 1821, in Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1845, ^nd studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in May, 1848, by the Pres, of Indiana, and ordained Jan. 10, ’51, by Michigan; was pastor of Centreville, Mich., Jan. 10, 1851- autumn of ’57; was sent by the Synod of 1857 ^ missionary to Kansas, and laboring for some time in Leavenworth city, organized a congregation and was settled as its pastor. This relation was dissolved in May, 1866, was then chaplain of the Kansas State Prison; and was, June 8, 1876, commissioned as chaplain in the U. S. army. BALDRIDGE, Samuel Caldwell (A. R.):* Son of the Rev. William; was born Feb. 18, 1801, in Rock¬ bridge Co., Va.; was graduated at Miami in 1826, in the first class graduated by that institution; studied theology in Alle¬ gheny in the second class entered under Dr. Kerr. He was licensed Ap. 29, 1829, ^7 the First Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained June 3, ’30, by the same; took charge of the Asso. Ref. Churches in Randolph Co., Ill., in the spring of 1830, al¬ though not formally installed, because of the remoteness of the locality, until May, 1833, then by the newly organ¬ ized Pres, of Indiana. He resigned this charge in May, 1836; was installed at Princeton, Ind., in the spring of 1837, with 15 2i8 THE MINISTRY. which was associated for some time the congregation at Canni, Ill.; resigned in 1853; was pastor of Providence con¬ gregation, Jefferson Co., Ind., summer of 1856-61; of Sharon, Wells Co., Ind., July, 1863-66; and died Aug. 4, 1867, near Ogden, Henry Co., Ind. His last words were, ‘ ‘ I am happy. ’ ’ BALDRIDGE, William (A. R.)*: Was born in 1760 m 'Lancaster Co., Pa., where his grand¬ parents, Irish Covenanters, had settled in 1745; in 1764 his parents removed to the Catawba river, in Lincoln Co., North Carolina, and in 1776, at the age of sixteen, he joined a com¬ pany of cavalry and served in the army to the end of the Revolutionary war. He then commenced the study of the languages with Rev. Robert Findley, and soon passed to Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., where he was graduated in 1790 at the head of a class of twelve. He studied theology for a year with Mr. Dobbin, of Gettysburg, and finished with Dr. Nesbit, of Carlisle, Pa.; was licensed in the spring of 1792 by the Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained by the same in Aug., ’93; was pastor of the churches in the Forks of the James River, Rockbridge Co., Va., 1793-Oct. 18, 1803; re¬ mained as stated supply of these same congregations in con¬ nection with Timber Ridge till June, 1809, when he ac¬ cepted a call to Cherry Fork and West Fork, Adams Co., O., where many of his families had gone; here he remained until his death, which occurred Oct. 26, 1830, from “dropsy of the chest.” He was twice elected President of Washington Col¬ lege, at Lexington, Va., but declined because the scarcity of ministers would not warrant his withdrawal from active min¬ isterial work. Publications: Three Sermons ;in the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. BALDRIDGE, Wilson Reid: Was born in 1857, in McLean Co., Ill., and joined the church of White Oak Grove when twelve years old; was grad¬ uated in 1879, at Monmouth, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed April 4, 1882, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sep. 12, ’82, by Bloomington; pastor of Piper City, Ford Co., Ill., Sep. 12, 1882-Sep. 12, ’83; S. S. of Mitchel, Neb., 1883-7; Pastor St. Charles, Madison Co., la.. May, 1887- THE MINISTRY. 219 BALLANTINE, James (A.)*: Was born in Dec. 1819, in county Antrim, Ireland, and in 1828 his father came to America and the family followed in 1831; settled in Canonsburg, Pa., and connected themselves with the Asso. Ref. congregation. He learned a trade and married, and, by working at his trade, acquired the means to defray the expenses of his education. He was educated at Jefferson, but not graduated, and, having transferred his ec¬ clesiastical connection to the Asso. Church, he studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 15, 1847, ^7 Char- tiers Pres.; was ordained Sep. 19, ’48, by Cambridge, and installed pastor at West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., where he died Oct. 24, 1849, pneumonia. BAEPH, Thomas, D. D. : Was born Feb. 17, 1831, in Butler Co., Pa.; was educated at Butler Academy, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 29, 1863, by Butler Pres., and ordained Oct. 30, ’64, by Chartiers; was pastor at Mount Prospect, Washington Co., Pa., Oct. 30, 1864-Ap. 30, ’74; and at St. Clairsville, O., since Jan. 26, 1875. He was eight years a teacher, and was county superintendent of Butler in 1857, been or¬ dained a ruling elder Jan., 1858, by Dr. Niblock, in Butler. gANKS^JOHN, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in or about the year 1763, in Sterling, Scotland; received a thorough classical and theological education, and was settled for a short time as a pastor in the Associate Pres¬ bytery of Edinburgh. He came to this country in 1796, and for a year supplied the Asso. congregation in New York, left vacant by the resignation of Mr. Cree; was pastor of Cam¬ bridge (Coila), Washington Co., N. Y., Sep., 1799-June, 1802; of Florida, Montgomery Co., Sep. 30, 1803-Feb., ’16; S. S. in Philadelphia 1816-18, and then pastor June 1818-April ’26. He opened a classical school in Philadelphia, and also took charge of the preparatory department in the University of Pennsylvania, and taught a private class in Hebrew, com¬ posed mainly of city ministers. At the division of the Asso¬ ciate Seminary into eastern and western he was elected, in May, 1820, as professor of the eastern, in Philadelphia. As a Hebraist he had no superior in this country. He wrote the 220 THE MINISTRY. language with great ease, and could quote from memory from almost any part of the Hebrew Bible. April lo, 1826, he died very suddenly from apoplexy. Publication : A Sermon on the Unsearchable Riches of Christ, preached in 1802 at the ordination of Thomas Hamilton. BANKS, Joseph (A.) : * Son of Rev. Dr. John; was born July 27, 1806, at Florida, N. Y.; was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1823; studied theology with his father until his death, in 1826; was licensed Oct. i, 1828, by the Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained Oct. 15, ’31, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was pastor of Bethany and Sardis, in S. C., and Pisgah and Nob Creek, in N. C., Oct., 1831-’33; was settled in the congrega¬ tions of Northfield, Stow and Springfield, in Summit Co., O., 1834-’39; was chaplain of the Western Penitentiary of Penn¬ sylvania; was missionary in the island of Trinidad 1843-’51; in 1851 he established The Friend of Missions^ a semi¬ monthly paper, and died in Mercer, Pa., April 8, 1859, from consumption. BARCUAY, David : Was born Jan. 27, 1836, in Moorfield, Harrison Co., Ohio; was graduated at Franklin in 1857, and studied theolog>" at Allegheny; was licensed June 24, 1864, by the Pres, of Wheel¬ ing, and ordained by the same, sme titulo^ July 6, ’65; was installed June 25, 1867, in Hebron congregation, by the Pres¬ bytery of Monongahela. Publication: Chapter H of the His¬ tory of Monongahela Presbytery. BARCLAY, Joseph B. (A.)*: Was born about 1820 in Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1848, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 12, 1851, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained by the same in July, ’52, and installed pastor of Glade Run and West Union, and Calcutta. October i, 1857, he was deposed from the ministr>" “for immorality of conduct.” He was, July 2, 1861, restored by the Presbytery of Mercer, w^as pastor of Centre congregation, Mercer Presbytery, Ap., 1862-’68; moved to Lee’s Summit, Mo., in 1871, and soon after^vard • abandoned the ministry and became engaged in secufar busi¬ ness in or near Kansas City, Mo., where he died Nov. 13, 1880. THE MINISTRY. 221 BARCROFT, Ambrose (A.)*: Was born about 1805 in Blount Co., Tenn.; was graduated at Washington College, in Washington Co., Tenn., and stud¬ ied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 26, 1842, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained by Illinois in the autumn of’43, and installed at Apple Creek, Ill., where he died in the au¬ tumn of 1844. BARNES, John Gibson *: Was born Dec. 4, 1833, in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 4, 1861, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Aug. 12, ’62, by Allegheny; was pastor at West Union and Glade Run, Allegheny Co., Pa., 1862-’70; of the First Church, Monmouth, Ill., 1870, until his death, which took place March 16, 1880, from consumption. BARNES, Robert Hanna : Was born in Mercer Co., Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1873, studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1874, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 23 ) ’ 75 ) by Keokuk; pastor of Keota, Keokuk Co., la., June 23) 1875-June 5, ’82; Tarkio, Atchison Co., Mo., Dec. i, ’82 -’85, and York, Page Co., la., June 5, ’82- B ARNETT, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born June 16, 1817, in Hanover, Dauphin Co., Pa., but his parents soon after that moved to Butler and then War¬ ren Co., Ohio. They left the Presbyterian and joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., from attachment to the Old Psalms. He was graduated at Miami in 1839, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1842, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and traveled over 3,000 miles in Illinois and Iowa in a tour of mis¬ sionary prospecting; was chosen by General Synod, in the spring of 1844, missionary to Palestine, and was ordained July 23, by his Presbytery, and sailed in Jan., 1845, landed at Beirut, Syria, Feb. 18, and after commencing the study of the Arabic language, and prospecting the country, began mission work in Damascus in 1846. In Dec., 1854, he re¬ moved to Egypt, and, with the Rev. Thomas McCague, founded the mission in Cairo. In 1875 he retired from the mission and returned home, and as health allowed labored in 222 THE MINISTRY. the home missionary field, principally at Emporia, Lyon Co., Kan., until his death, Oct. 2, 1884, from cystitis. BARR, James Smith, D. D. : Was born Dec. 22, 1832, in Somerset township, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed by the Pres, of Chartiers June 19, i860, and being appointed the next spring as mis¬ sionary to India, was ordained June 25, ’61, by Chartiers; sailed Sept. 23, and arrived at Sialkot, in Northern India, in December. He is still stationed there, and is specially en¬ gaged as a theological teacher of native young men preparing for the ministry. BARR, William Bicket: Was born Nov. 10, 1851, at McAlevy’s Fort, Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 23, 1878, by the Pres, of Big Spring, and ordained June 10, ’79, by Butler; pastor of Springfield three-fourths and Pine Grove one-fourth time, June 10, 1879-Ap. 28, ’85; New Brighton, Pa., July 14, 1885- BARR, William Wilson, D. D. (A.): Was born Sept, ii, 1832, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1855, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 15, 1858, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and or¬ dained Sept. 28, 1859, by the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia; has been pastor of the Eighth United Presbyterian Ch., Phila¬ delphia, since his ordination. Was editor of the Evangelical Repository 1860-1879, and co-editor of the Christian histriic- tor for a number of years, and Moderator of the General As¬ sembly of 1875. Publications: Secret Societies, pp. 21; Christian Beneficence, pp. 8; The Psalms and their Use, pp. 14; How to keep the Sabbath, pp. 12; Historical Sketch of the Eighth United Presbyterian Ch., Philadelphia, pp. 12. BASFIELD, Titus (A. and Colored)*: Was born a slave in 1806, in Virginia, and after being taken to Blount Co., Tenn., was purchased and freed by the Rev. David Carson; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg;.was licensed June 29, 1842, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained in Ap., ’50, by Ohio; was en- THE MINISTRY. 223 gaged for nearly twenty years as missionary in Canada West among the fugitive slaves that had located there. Declined the union in 1858, and retired in feeble health to Washington, la., where he died Ap. 17, 1881. In i860 he published an Autobiography, pp. 75. BAUGH, John M: Was born in Highland Co., O.; was graduated at Mon¬ mouth in 1865, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in May, 1865, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 25, ’66, by Bloomington; pastor of Biggsville, Ill., i866-’67; of Bloomington, Ill., 1868-’69; of Chicago, 1869-Ap. 2, ’73. Joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Oskaloosa, la. BEARD, James D. : Was born in Union Co., O.; educated at Franklin and studied theology privately; was licensed in the spring of 1862 by the Des Moines Pres., and ordained by the same in the spring of ’64; was pastor of Centreville, Appanoose Co., la., 1864-’66; deposed from the ministry in Oct., 1866. BEGGS, Isaac (A.)*: Was born about i8cx) in Mercer Co., Pa.; studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Aug. 8, 1826, by Ohio Pres., and ordained by the same Sept. 19, ’27; was pastor of Mercer, Springfield and Rocky Springs, in Mercer Co., Pa., Sept., 1827-’36; deposed from the ministry in 1839 for im¬ morality; taught school for a short time in the south, after which he returned to Butler Co. and died. BELL, James R. *: Was born in Mercer Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1857, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 24, i860, by the Pres, of Xenia, and ordained Oct. ii, ’61 by Michigan; was pastor of Salem, Boone Co., Ind., i86i-’7o; of Elvaston, Hancock Co., Ill., 1871-Ap. i, ’73, when he joined the Presbyterian Ch. and took the congregation with him, and continued pastor until his death. Sept. 3, 1883. BERRY, Samuel P. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1823 bounds of Robinson Run congre¬ gation, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1844, 2.nd studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 224 THE MINISTRY. 29, 1847, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 27, ’49, by First Ohio, and installed at Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., O., and died Dec. 9, 1850, of consumption. Publication: A Ser¬ mon in Vol. I of the Pulpit of the Associate Reformed Church. BEST, John William : Was born Mar. 12, 1850, near Clarksville, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, studied theology at New Haven, Conn., and Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 27, 1878, by Mercer Pres., and ordained June 14, ’81, by Steuben¬ ville; pastor of West Beaver, and New Lebanon, Columbiana Co., O., since June 14, 1881. BEVERIDGE, James (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 9, 1796, at Kirkaldy, Scotland, and settled in Newburgh, N. Y., in 1818, and was ordained a ruling elder in the Asso. Ref. congregation of that place in 1823. He was received as a student of theology by the Pres, of New York in 1826, and spent the session of 1827 Dutch Seminary at New Brunswick, N. J. His studies were then intermitted until the opening of the Seminary at Newburgh, where he completed his course; was licensed Jan. 4, 1832, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained sine titulo Nov. 8, ’32, by Caledonia; was S. S. at Erin, in Chemung Co., N. Y., 1833-36, and pastor 1836-May 14, ’51, and died Mar. 4, 1855, in Newburgh, of heart disease. BEVERIDGE, Thomas (A.)*: Was^born at Eastside, Fifeshire, Scotland, in 1749; was graduated at one of the Scottish universities; studied theol¬ ogy with William Moncrieff, of Alloa; soon after licensure he became assistant of Adam Gib, of Edinburgh; was ordained in the early spring of 1784 by the Asso. Pres, of Edinburgh, and immediately sailed for America; joined the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania May 4, of the same year; itinerated for sev¬ eral years and organized churches in Cambridge and in New York city; was installed as pastor of Cambridge, N. Y., with one-fourth of his time in South Argyle, Sept. 10, 1789. In 1784 he drafted the Narrative and Testimony of the Associate Church. In the month of June, 1798, Mr. Beveridge set out for Barnet, in Vermont, to assist Mr. Goodwillie at his com¬ munion, and was taken ill with dysentery by the way. Still THE MINISTRY. 225 he preached on Saturday, assisted at the communion on Sab¬ bath, although so ill that he had to sit, and preached on Sab¬ bath evening. He was confined to his bed for the next three weeks, during which time Mr. Goodwillie was very ill from the same disease, and two of his children had died. On the last Sabbath of his life Mr. Beveridge found a considerable number of people in the house, drawn thither from sympathy with the afflicted family, and raised himself up in bed, and after prayer and praise, preached an excellent sermon, an hour in length, from Psalm xxxi. 23: “O love the Lord, all ye His saints. ’ ’ His disease was greatly aggravated by the exertion, and at the dawn the next morning he said, ‘ ‘ I am a dying man, and am dying fast; are yon not also persuaded I am dying?” Being answered affirmatively he said, “It is well; I am not afraid to die.” He called the family around him to pray with them for the last time. He prayed audibly for the Church of Christ in general, the Secession body in particular, his own congregation, and especially the younger portion of it, his brethren in the ministry, Mr. Marshall, of Philadelphia, and Mr. Goodwillie by name, and for all those who had ministered to him in his illness. He then solemnly committed his own soul into his Redeemer’s hands, and con¬ cluded, in allusion to David’s words at the close of the 72d Psalm, with these words : “ The prayers of Thomas Beveridge are now ended. ’ ’ In the afternoon he asked Mr. Goodwillie if he knew when the Son of Man would come. He replied that he thought it would be about ten o’clock, or at furthest about cock-crowing, and the answer proved prophetic, for just at ten, on the night of the 23d of July, he expired without a struggle or a groan. Of him his son. Dr. Beveridge, says, “Those who best remember his ministry all unite in testifying that he did not excel as an orator. He retained his Scotch pronunciation, and, although of a mild disposition, it is said that in his public speaking his manner was sometimes severe and stern. In more important things, however, his qualifica¬ tions for the ministry were beyond the ordinary standard, and his ministerial labors, both in the pulpit and out of it, were held in much esteem.” 226 THE MINISTRY. BEVERIDGE, Thomas, D. D. (A.)*: Son of Rev. Thomas; was bom in Cambridge, N. Y., Oct. 9, 1796; was graduated at Union in 1814; studied theology with Dr. John Anderson; was licensed by the Pres, of Char- tiers Aug. 18, 1819; was ordained by the Asso. Pres, of Ken¬ tucky Jan. 9, ’21, and installed pastor of the congregations of Xenia and Sugar Creek, O.; resigned, because of ill-health, in Feb., 1824; itinerated for three years; located as S. S. in Philadelphia in Feb., 1827, was installed as pastor in June, 1828; in Oct, 1835, he was elected Professor in the Associate Theological Seminary in Canonsburg, Pa., and re¬ signed his pastoral charge in Nov. and moved there; in addi¬ tion to his duties in the Seminary he became pastor of a church in Washington, which he served until the autumn of 1849, was then co-pastor with Dr. Anderson, of the con¬ gregation of Miller’s Run (Venice), till the removal of the Seminary, in 1855, to Xenia, O.; he resigned his professor¬ ship Oct. 14, 1871, and was retired on a pension. He died in Xenia, May 30, 1873. He was a man of fine culture and great symmetry of character. Publications: His sermons and lec¬ tures were carefully written out, but he published nothing except through the pages of the Religious Monitor^ to which he often contributed. He also labored for years upon a new Metrical Version of the Psalms. BEVERIDGE, Thomas Hanna, (A.)*: Son of Dr. Thomas; was born in Philadelphia, Mar. 31, 1830; was graduated at Jefferson in 1847; studied theology in Canonsburg; was licensed by the Presbytery of Chartiers Oct. 29, 1850, and ordained by Philadelphia Oct. 31, 1853, and in¬ stalled pastor of a newly organized congregation in Philadel¬ phia; in 1858 he became assistant editor of the Evangelical Repository^ and died suddenly, while on a short visit to friends in the country, Aug. 15, i860, from congestion of the brain. Publications: A Biography of the Rev. Thomas Beveridge Hanna; two or three sermons. He also transcribed for the press and edited ‘ ‘ Lectures on Theology, ’ ’ by Dr. A. Ander¬ son. BIDDLE, Arney Sievanus: Was born June 12, 1848, in Mercer County, Pa.; was grad- THE MINISTRY. 227 uated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at the sem¬ inaries in Monmouth, Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1874, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 21, 1875, by Delaware; pastor at Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept, 1875-Feb., 1879; First Jersey City, N. J., congre- tion, Feb., 1879-June 20, ’82; Summit Ave., Jersey City, since Aug. i, 1882. BIGGER, Matthew, (A. R.)*: Was born at New Concord, O.; was educated at Muskingum, and studied theology in Allegheny; was licensed Sept, ii, 1850, by the Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained in June, ’54, by Second Illinois, and installed pastor of Pope Creek con¬ gregation; was released in ’60; was chaplain of the 50th Illi¬ nois regiment 1861-1865; supplied in Illinois and Missouri till 1870, when he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died Dec. 21, 1872, as pastor of the Presbyterian Ch. at Bushnell, Ill. BIGGER, Samuee: Was born at Bavington, Washington Co., Pa., Ap. 7, 1842; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 4, 1866, by the Presbytery of Monmouth; was ordained and installed as pas¬ tor of Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept. 29, 1868, by the Presbytery of Argyle; and resigned Sept. 7, ’80; pastor at Greenwich, same Co., Nov. 15, 1880-5. Joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch. in 1886. Publication: A History of the Put¬ nam congregation. BIGHAM, James Cunningham: Was born May 24, 1830, at Millersburg, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852; studied theology privately; was licensed Sept. 23, 1853, Free Presbyterian Presbytery of Cen¬ tral Ohio; was ordained by the Free Presbytery of Mahon¬ ing Oct. 10, ’55, sine titulo; was stated supply of the Free Pres, congregation of Neshannock, Pa., Jan., 1855-Jan., ’67; joined the United Presbyterian Church; pastor of New Bren- ton. Ilk, Ap., 1867-’74; was installed pastor of Plain Grove and Eeesburg, Pa., Dec. 20, 1877. Publications: A Sermon, “ The Spoiler Spoiled;” A Sermon, ” Choosing Civil Rulers;” A Sermon, “That Day;” Eight Papers on “Secret Oath- 228 THE MINISTRY. Bound Societies.” Also editor of the Free Presbyterian Monthly i860-’65. BIRNBACH, Conrad Rudolph: Was born Aug. 4, 1858, in Berlin, Germany; was gradu¬ ated in 1877, at King William’s Gymnasium, Berlin, and studied theology in the University of Berlin, and took a post¬ graduate course at Kampen, in the Netherlands; taught an¬ cient languages at Hlberfeld and Ploetzensee 1880-1; licensed in Dec., 1881, by the Secession Classis of Kampen, came to the U. S. in 1884, and was ordained Jan. 10, 1885, by the German Reformed Classis of Cincinnati; joined the United Presbyterian Church in June, 1885; transferred in Ap., 1886, to the Asso. Ref. Ch. of the South. BISHOP, Robert Hamilton, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born July 26, 1777, in the parish of Whitburn, Lin¬ lithgowshire, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh in 1798, and studied theology four years with Pro¬ fessor Lawson, at Selkirk; was appointed by the Burgher Synod, Ap., 1802, to go with Dr. Mason to America, in view of which he was licensed June 28, 1802, by the Associate Bur¬ gher Presbytery of Perth; sailed in Sept, from Greenock with Dr. Mason and Rev. Messrs. Scrimgeour, Calderhead, Forrest, Easton and Laurie, and attended the Asso. Ref. Synod in Oct. in New York, by which he was appointed to Kentucky, where he arrived in March. In the summer of 1803 he re¬ ceived and accepted a call to the congregations of Ebenezer, Jessamine Co., and New Providence, Mercer Co.; at the same time he was elected to a professorship in the Transylvania University at Lexington, which was fifteen miles distant from Ebenezer and twenty-seven from New Providence. When he gave his trials for ordination, in the spring of 1805, the Pres¬ bytery refused to ordain him unless he would resign his pro¬ fessorship, upon the ground that it would interfere with his usefulness to the Asso. Ref. Church, to which he owed all his labors. He demurred, and was prosecuted and rebuked by Presbytery. Upon a reference to Synod it was decided that resignation was not indispensable, and that the Presbytery' must proceed to ordination. After a year’s further delay the Pres, of Kentucky did ordain and install him in June, 1808. THE MINISTRY. 229 In 1812 the Pres, appointed Messrs. Bishop and Rankin to draft a circular letter to the churches on the duty of support¬ ing the gospel. This letter, written by Mr. Bishop, advocated the tithe law, and became the occasion of a permanent breach between him and Mr. Rankin, and led to the dissolution of his pastoral relation to the Bbenezer congregation, in Oct., 1814. In the autumn of 1811 Mr. Bishop, in connection with three other clergymen, commenced the publication of a religious monthly, which continued for two years, called the “Evangelical Record and Western Review.” In the second volume Mr. Bishop published a defence of the circular letter, in which he made grave charges against Mr. Rankin. For this he was called to account by his Presbytery, which re¬ fused to allow him to justify himself by proving the truth of his charges, upon the ground that whether true or false it was a censurable offence to spread them out before the public instead of proceeding according to the discipline of the church. He was consequently suspended from the ministry in Oct, 1815. He refused submission and appealed to the General Synod, which, in May, 1816, set aside the proceed¬ ings of the Presbytery as irregular, and directed it to rebuke Mr. Bishop for bringing a grievous charge against a brother in public print. He refused to receive a rebuke, and for¬ warded his reasons to Synod, which, in 1817, appointed a committee to proceed to Kentucky and gather and report the facts. This commiteee did nothing, so the General Synod, in May, 1818, appointed a Commission^ consisting of J. M. Mason, Ebenezer Dickey and John Eind, ministers, and John Kennedy, of Hagerstown, Md., Silas E. Weir, of Philadel¬ phia, and Gov. Jeremiah Morrow, of Ohio, to repair to Eex- ington, with full powers to take testimony and issue the case. A quorum met in September, and required Mr. Bishop to sub¬ mit to the rebuke previously ordered, and then called upon him to prefer his charges. This he did, and after his tes¬ timony was all given in Mr. Rankin requested eight days to prepare his defence. At the end of that time he handed in a paper declining the authority of the commission. The trial went on, and issued in a rebuke to Mr. Bishop and the suspen¬ sion of Mr. Rankin from the ministry. 230 THE MINISTRY. During a year of these troubles he devoted his Sabbaths to the instruction of the negroes, and established a Sabbath- school, the first one organized for their benefit, in Lexington. In Oct., 1819, he left the Asso. Ref. Ch. and joined the Pres¬ byterian, and was S. S. to the McCord Ch., in Lexington, 1819-1823. In the autumn of 1824 accepted the presi¬ dency of Miami University at Oxford, O., and was inaugu¬ rated Mar. 30, ’25. In 1825 organized a Presbyterian Ch. in Oxford, and supplied it until 1831, and continued to preach to the students in the chapel as long as he remained at the head of the University. He resigned the presidency in 1841, although he held the professorship of history and political science three years longer. In the autumn of 1844 moved to Pleasant Hill, near Cincinnati, and took charge of the “Farmers’ College.” On Thursday, Ap. 26, 1855, he heard his class as usual, but on going to the college on Fri¬ day morning his strength failed him so that he could make no exertion. He lingered on till 5 o’clock Sabbath morning, when he died. Mrs. Bishop, who had come with him from Scotland, died two weeks afterwards. He was a man of great power in the pulpit, and exceedingly gifted in prayer. Pub¬ lications: A volume of Sermons, 1808, the first volume of sermons printed west of the Allegheny mountains: Memoirs of David Rice, 1824; Elements of Logic, 1833; Sketches of the Philosophy of the Bible, 1833; Elements of the Science of Government, 1839; The Western Peacemaker, 1839; Several Special Sermons and Addresses, and liberal contributions to the periodical press. BLACK, Andrew M., D. D. (A.): Was born Ap. i, 1814, near Belfast in Ireland; was edu¬ cated at Franklin and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1845, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 5, ’46, by the same; was pastor of Mount Pleasant, Jef¬ ferson Co., O., Nov., 1846-’53; and a stated supply for neighboring churches while at New Wilmington and Mon¬ mouth; was teacher in the academy at New Concord and in Muskingum College 1836-’40; Prof, in Franklin College 1840-’53; in Westminster College 1853-’64; Monmouth College and Seminary 1864-’74. He also taught in different THK MINISTRY. 231 other places for four years, making in all forty-two years em¬ ployed in teaching. For the improvement of his health he retired to the mountainous regions of West Virginia, where he is engaged in secular business. BLACK, James Ewing: Was born in Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Lincoln College, Mo., and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 8, 1877, by the First Pres, of New York, and ordained Nov. II, ’78, by Big Spring; pastor of Mercersburg, Frank¬ lin Co., and the Cove, Fulton Co., Pa., 1878-Mar., ’83; Cal¬ edonia, Ind., Sept. 9, 1886- BLACK, James Knox: Was born Feb. 25, 1825, Fairfield Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at the Ohio University in 1855, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1858, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained sine titulo July 30, ’61, by the same; spent ten years in the missionary field of Minnesota and Iowa, especially at Owatonna and Chariton; then at Cali¬ fornia, Mich.; pastor at Portland Mills, Ind., Nov. 6, 1883- Ap. 15, ’85. BLACK, James P. : Was born Mar. 8, 1837, near Savannah, Ashland Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap, 9, 1861, by Mansfield, and or¬ dained June 26, ’64, by Des Moines; was pastor of Albia and Service, Monroe Co., la., 1864-Ap., ’66; of Boonsboro’ and Jacksonville, in the Conemaugh Pres., 1877-’9, and S. S. in different fields; pastor at Hiawatha, Kansas, Ap. 5, 1881- Sept. 26, ’82; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is in Nebraska. Publication: The Saviour’s Peace, a tract, 1877. BLACK, John F. : Was born in Butler Co., Pa.; graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1872, by Butler Pres., and ordained Ap. 21, ’74, by First Ohio; was pastor at Oxford, O., Ap., 1874-Oct. 2, ’78; S. S. Oshkosh, Wis., 1882-85. BLACK, Samuee M. : Was born Jan. 21, 1846, at Paris, Washington Co., Pa.; 232 THE MINISTRY. was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 19, 1871, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained sine titulo June 24, ’73, by Fake; was pastor of Kvansburg and Watson’s Run, Crawford Co., Pa., June 24, 1873-July 14, ’74; Summit, Lake Pres. 1875-77; and Johns¬ town, Cambria Co., Pa., Ap. 25, i878-’8i; West Fairfield and New Florence, Westmoreland Co., Dec. 12, 1881- BLACK, WiEEiAM Alexander (A.): Was born in Letter Kenny, Donegal Co., Ireland; was graduated at Duquesne College in 1848, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 15, 1851, by the Pres, of Allegheny, and ordained Aug. 29, ’54, by Shenango; was pastor of East Unity and Shenango 1854-’58; of Mt. Varnum and West Unity i860-’65; and Mt. Varnum with Cherry Run till 1873. 1 BLACKSTOCK, William (A. R.)*: Was born at Ballynahinch, in Ireland; educated in Scot¬ land; licensed by an Asso. Pres, in Ireland; supplied for some time the church in Ballynahinch, and, coming to America, landed Dec. 25, 1792, at Charleston, S. C.; was or¬ dained June 8, ’94, by the Pres, of the Carolinas and Georgia; was pastor of Steele Creek, Ebenezer and Neeley Creek, S. C., 1794-1804; was S. S. of New Perth, New Sterling and Rocky Spring 1804-’ii; was subsequently settled at Wax- haws, N. C., and again at Tirzah, S. C., where he died in 1830 or 1831. BLAIKIE, Alexander, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 4, 1804, in Pictou, Nova Scotia; was edu¬ cated at the Pictou Academy, and studied theology in the Seminary of the United Presbyterian Ch. of Nova Scotia; was licensed June 28, 1830, by Pictou Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’31, by the same; came to the U. S. and labored as a home missionary for two years, principally in founding churches in the West, under the auspices of the Asso. Ref. Ch.; was pastor in York, Livingston Co., N. Y., Jan., 1836- Feb., ’45; commenced May 20, 1846, to establish an Asso. Ref. congregation in Boston, Mass., and was installed as its pastor July 18, 1847, and resigned, in consequence of age. THE MINISTRY. 233 July 13, 1880. Died in Philadelphia, Dec. 31, 1885. Publi¬ cations: Philosophy of Sectarianism, 1854, i2mo., pp. 362; The Schools, a pamphlet, 1853; A Catechism on Praise, 1853; The Organ and other Instruments, 1862; Francis and Isaac; History of Presbyterianism in New Bngiand for 200 years, i2mo., pp. 512, 1881. PLAIN, Wilson (A. R,)*: Was born Mar, 2, 1813, in Ross Co., O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap, 18, 1838, by the Pres, of Chillicothe, and ordained Oct. 17, ’39, by the same; pastor of Hebron, Porter Co., Ind., i 842-’47; in May, 1847, appointed by General Synod as missionary to Oregon; started overland in the spring of 1848, and in the autumn arrived at Oregon city, where he remained two years and organized a congregation. In 1850 he removed to Union Point, Linn Co., and organized a church, of which he was pastor 1853-’61. He was a member of the Legislature for three years; was several years editor of the Spectator^ the only newspaper in the territory, and main¬ tained an academy 1852-56. He died Feb. 22, 1861, from a tumor in the left lumbar region of over eight pounds weight. BLAIR, David (A.)*: Was born Nov. 21, 1787, in Antrim Co., Ireland, and came to the U. S. in 1802; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson at Service, Pa.; was licensed Aug. 29, 1816, by Chartiers Pres.; accepted. May 2, 1817, a call from “the congregations north of Conemaugh,” upon the condition of receiving and being permitted to fill appointments for one year in the south; Oct. 14, 1818, was ordained and installed by the Pres, of Chartiers as pastor of the United Congregations of Conemaugh, Crooked Creek and Indiana; resigned Conemaugh Nov. 17, 1839; received Samuel Anderson as colleague Aug. 3, 1852; the charge was divided Nov. 12, 1858, and Mr. Blair retained Indiana alone; in Oct. 1862, he was released and retired from the active duties of the ministry, and died in Indiana, Feb. 28, 1882. BLAIR, David Humphrey: Was born Ap. 21, 1841, four miles north of Bellefontaine, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology 16 234 THE MINISTRY. at Moninouth; was licensed Ap. 2, 1873, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained by Conemaugh, June 28, ’76; pastor of Bethel, Mechanicsburg, Greenville and East Union, June, 1876-Aug. 1, ’77; of Mahoning, Smyrna and Beracha, Oct. 2, 1877-Jan. 16, ’83; S. S. Benkleman, Neb. BEAIR, Hugh Henry (A.)*: Was born Oct. 19, 1809, near Girard, in Erie Co., Pa., and during the next year his parents, who were Irish by birth, moved to Pittsburgh, and he was brought up under the min¬ istry of Dr. Bruce; was graduated at the Western University in 1831, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Sept. 16, 1834, by the Allegheny Pres., and ordained Aug. 24, ’36, by Albany; was pastor of the Charles St.‘Ch., New York, Aug., 1836, until his death. In 1874 he received an injury in his spine, which, after a few months, compelled him to confine himself to his chamber, and for the last year to his bed, and died Jan. 7, 1877. A man of magnificent physical frame and intense in everything. BLAIR, WiEUAM Henry: Was graduated at Monmouth in 1859, studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 18, 1861, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained in Ap. ’63, by Michigan; pastor at Centerville, Mich., Ap. 1863-’66; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is at Burr Oak, Mich. BONNER, David Findeey: Was born Ap. 2, 1842, in Greenfield, Highland Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in i860, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1864, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained June 16, ’65, by Des Moines; w^as installed at Knoxville and Monroe, in la., at ordination, and released from Monroe Ap. ii, ’66, and from Knoxville Ap. 14, ’70; was pastor at Caledonia, Livingston Co., N. Y., Feb. 2, 1871-Jan., ’84. Joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located near Montgomery, N. Y. Publications: The Constitutional Right of the Bible to a Place in our Public Schools, 1875, pp. 20; The Ecclesiastical Position and Work of Woman, 1878 pp. 44; Instrumental Music in Worship of God, Divinely Authorized, 8vo., pp. 65, 1881, and numerous contributions to the papers of the church. THE MINISTRY. 235 BONNER, James R. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1805 near Dayton, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1833, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 22, 1836, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained on the first Wednesday of June ’38, by the same; was pastor of Xenia, O., 1838-Ap. 10, ’45; of Canonsburg and Lima, Hancock Co., O., 1851-Oct., ’59; died Mar. 8, 1870. Publication: A Sermon in Vol. III. of the Pulpit of the Associate Reformed Church. BONNER, John Hunter (A. R.): Was born Dec. 27, 1808, in Chillicothe, O.; was educated at Chillicothe Academy and Miami University, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 22, 1836, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Oct. 27, 1841, by Indiana; was pastor of Salem, Boone Co., Ind., Oct, 1841-April, ’44; of Bethel, Jefferson Co., Ind., April, 1845-’50; he also performed a large amount of Domestic Missionary work. Publications: Charity a Duty, and an Appropriate Work of the Sabbath, a Sermon, 1850; The Terror of the Wicked on the Day of Judg¬ ment, a Sermon, 1852. BORLAND, John Brown: Was born Jan., 22, 1843, Bridgeville, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1867, by Monongahela Pres., and was ordained by Steubenville Sept. 12, ’71; pastor of Richmond and Knoxville, Jefferson Co., O., Sept. 12, 1871- BORROWS, James (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 3, 1821, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1847, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1850, by Second Ohio, and ordained Oct. 27, ’52, by the same; pastor of Sandy Creek, Wolf Creek, and Mt. Perry, Morgan Co., O., Oct, 1852-’57; Georgetown, Vernon and Sandy, Mercer Co., Pa., Ap. 6, 1858 -Feb. 8, ’60; joined the A. R. Synod of the South; returned to the Lake Pres, in Sept., 1881, with his pastoral charge; pastor of Ebenezer from 1865, and of Sugar Grove from 1870 till his death. May 13, 1886, from paralysis. 236 THE MINISTRY. BOTHWELL, David (A. R.)*: "“ Was Bbrn iti Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology with John Brown at Haddington; was licensed in 1787 by the Presbytery of Monaghan, and soon afterward ordained by the same; arrived at Charleston, S. C., in Dec., 1789; was pastor of Buck Head and Big Creek, near Louisville, Georgia, from his ordination until his death, which took place in June, 1801. BOWER, Andrew (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 25, 1805, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at the Western University in 1829; studied theology one year with Dr. Bruce, of Pittsburgh, one year at Canons- burg, and two years at Allegheny; was licensed June 26, 1832, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained sine titulo Mar. 5, ’34, by First Ohio. Between this and the following autumn, ac¬ companied by Jeremiah Morrow, just licensed, he traveled through the West, Illinois mainly, and organized thirty-four missionary stations, most of which grew into churches, bap¬ tized twenty adults, admitted over two hundred into church membership, and raised by collections money enough to pay the expenses of the mission; was pastor at Hopewell, Preble Co., O., Dec., 1834-June, ’37; of Mercer, Mercer Co., Pa., Feb. 2, 1839-June, ’42; of Second Asso. Ref., Philadelphia, Mar. 7, 1847, u^iitil his death. He died Dec. 31, 1851, of con¬ sumption. His last words were, “Asleep in Jesus; Oh! how sweet, how sweet!” On the first of the preceding Nov. he was carried into his church, placed at the head of the com¬ munion table, where he dispensed the elements, spoke of the love of Christ, commended his people to the grace of God, charged them to meet him at the marriage supper of the Lamb, had them sing the 133d Psalm, and pronounced the benediction, and thus closed his ministry. Publications: Several Sermons. BOYC E^Joi^CA. R.)*: Was born in 1757, in Ireland, and came to this country be¬ fore the Revolution, and settled in Long Cane, Abbeville Co., S. C.; was graduated at Dickinson in 1787; attended Dr. Nes- bit’s theological lectures while in College, and studied one summer with Matthew Lind, at Greencastle; was licensed in THE MINISTRY. 237 the autumn of 1787 by the Presbytery of Pennsylvania, and ordained July i, 1789, by the same; went immediately South after licensure, and began as stated supply and subsequently as pastor of Hopewell, S. C., and Coddle Creek, Gilead and Prosperity, a hundred miles distant, in N. C. He died Mar. 18, 1793, of consumption. BOYD, Alexander (A.)*: Was born, educated and licensed in Ireland; came to the U. S. in 1832 and joined the Associate Ch., and was ordained in ’33 by tbe Pres, of Ohio; was pastor of New Castle, New Wilmington and Mt. Pleasant, 1833-Oct., ’38; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and in it filled several pastorates, and died Dec. 9, 1865, Iowa. BOYD, Bankhead (A.)*: Was born in 1810, in Newton-Dimavaddy, County Derry, Ireland; came to America in 1824; was graduated at Jefferson in 1829; studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed May 29, 1833, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 24, ’34, by the same; was pastor of Pigeon Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Sept, 1834, until his death, Feb. 3, i860. BOYD, Hugh Stewart: Was born Mar. 20, 1845, Clokeyville, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 8, 1876, by Cleveland Pres., and ordained June ii, ’78, by Mercer; pastor of Deer Creek, in Lawrence Co,, Pa., Jnne ii, 1878- BO YD, John Carnahan, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 6, 1832, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Blairsville Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’58, by Monongahela; pastor of St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa., since ordination, and is Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Publication; delegate to the ist Pan- Presbyterian Council, 1877; editor of the Evangelical Reposi¬ tory, i88i-’ 85. Publications: An Anniversary Discourse; The History of the Synod of Pittsburgh; History of the Sec¬ ond Associate Reformed Presbytery of Pennsylvania. 238 THE MINISTRY. BOYD, Joseph'(A. R.): Brother of Thomas F. Was born May 2, 1829, Muskin¬ gum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1853; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1856, by West¬ moreland Pres., and ordained May 6, ’57, by Big Spring; pastor of Lower Chanceford and Hopewell, York Co., Pa., May, 1857-Ap. 8, ’58; Mechanicstown, etc., O., Oct., ’59- Oct., ’69; of Summerset, Warren Co., la., Dec., 1869-’77; Alvia and Service, la., Ap. 5, 1887- Publications: A Ser¬ mon on Civil Government, i860. BOYD, Joseph Reid*: Was born July 23, 1835, in Guernsey Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1859; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1862, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Aug. 26, ’63, by Muskingum; was pastor of Norwich and East Union, O., 1863-’67; of Wilmington, Clinton Co., O., 1867-’69; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and served it at Lib¬ erty, Ind., and Lancaster, O.; died at Bowling Green, Feb. 15, 1886. Publications: Assassination of President Lincoln; A Sermon, 1865; The Great Railroad Strike, 1877; ^ Thanksgiving Sermon. BOYD, Robert H. : Was born May 25, 1835, at Darlington, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in i860; studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1862, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained by the same Ap. 12, ’64; was pastor of Verona, Al¬ legheny Co., Pa., Ap., 1864-June 29, ’69; of Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O., June 14, 1870-June 15, ’75; Thornville and Rush Creek, Muskingum Co., O., June, 1875-June 13, ’82; Leipsic and Belmore, Putnam Co., O., Jan. 16, 1883, and in 1884 exchanged Leipsic for Canonsburg. BOYD, Thomas Frame (A. R.): Was born Jan. 26, 1828, in Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1853, and studied theology at New¬ burgh and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1856, by the Sec¬ ond Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Dec. 28, ’57, by Caledonia; was pastor in Rochester, N. Y., 1857-June 4, ’62; of Laurel Hill, Fayette Co., Pa., i865-’67; of Beulah and Bethel, West- THE MINISTRY. 239 moreland Pres., 1867-Dec., ’74; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Marysville, Kan. BOYSE, William (A. R.)*: Entered the Theological Seminary in New York in 1814, and was licensed in 1818, and ordained in ’19, by the Pres, of Saratoga; was pastor of Caledonia, Livingston Co., N. Y., autumn, 1819-June 25, ’23; was a member of the First Pres, of Ohio 1824-Oct. ’25, most of which time he supplied in Kentucky; joined the Reformed Dutch Ch. in 1826, and was S. S. at Woodstock, Ulster Co., N. Y., 1826-’37; he then moved to the city of New York, where he died in 1853. Publications: A i2movol., containing Writings and Letters —Religious, Historical and Pastoral, 1838. BOYSE, William Magaw (A. R.)*: Was born in 1807 in South Carolina, and principally brought up in Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami Uni¬ versity in 1829, studied theology at Allegheny; was li¬ censed June 14, 1832, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained by the same Sept, ii, ’33; was pastor of Richmond, Wayne Co., Ind., and Ebenezer, Sept, 1833-’53; of Keokuk, la., 1853, until his death, Oct. 31, 1861, which resulted from typhoid fever. BRACKEN, Thomas*: Was born Dec. i, 1842, at Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 24, 1868, by the Pres, of Michigan, and ordained Aug. 19, ’69, by Detroit; was pastor at Port Huron, Mich., Aug., 1869-Ap. 16, ’72; S. S. at Oil City, Pa., 1874-75; and died Nov. 5, 1875, at Niles, Mich. BRADFORD, David Gibson (A. R.): Was born in Washington, Pa., and graduated at Washing¬ ton in 1851, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 7, 1855, by the Pres, of Steubenville, and ordained Ap. ’56) Wheeling; was pastor of West Alexander and Martinsville, in Washington Co., Pa., 1856-Oct., ’57; of Second Asso. Ref. Church, Allegheny City, 1857-Ap. 14, ’63; of First Ch., Monmouth, Ill., summer of i863-’67; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and has filled several pastorates in it, and is at Augusta, Ill. 240 THE MINISTRY. BRANDON, James Alexander: Was born in 1840, in Dawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed July 5, 1870, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Sept. 12, ’71, by Allegheny; pastor of Hast Union, Allegheny Co., Sept, 1871-Sept. 12, ’76; Greensburg, Pa., Sept, i, 1885- June, 1887. BRANDON, James Stewart*: Was born Aug. 31, 1846, in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1872, by Butler Pres., and ordained June 10, ’73, by Allegheny; was pastor of Evansburg and Mt. Pleasant in Butler Co., Pa., June, 1873-June ii, ’78, and died at Beaver Falls, Nov. 28, 1879, from consumption. During part of the civil war he served as an artilleryman. BRASH, John (A. R.)*: Was born in 1824, educated, licensed and ordained in Scot¬ land; was received by the Pres, of New York Sept. 18, 1854, upon credentials from the Pres, of Glasgow and Annandale of the United Presbyterian Church; was pastor of Jane Street, New York, 1855-’68; South Boston, Mass., i868-’7o; united with the Presbyterian Ch., and died Mar. 21, 1881, at South Amboy, N. J. BRATTON, William S.*: Was born in 1822 in York district, S. C.; was graduated at Miami University in 1858; studied theology privately with Dr. Hugh McMillan, and was licensed in the spring of 1859 by the Ohio Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Church, and ordained Dec. 15, 1859, Western Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Church; was pastor of Grand Cote, Randolph Co., Ill., 1859, until his death, which occurred Jan. ii, 1873, at Coultersville, Ill. He came into the United Presbyterian Church, Aug. 10, 1870, with his congregation. BRKADEN, John Hall: Son of Rev. William; was born Jan. 23, 1852, at Coulters¬ ville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 2, 1877, by Butler, and ordained June ii, ’78, by Frankfort; pastor of THE MINISTRY. 241 Oakland, West Va., June, 1878-June, ’79; Mt. Pleasant, Beaver Co., Pa., Oct. 23, 1879-Ap. 13, ’86. BREADEN, William Philip (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 22, 1815, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1837, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 29, 1840, by the Pres, of the Eakes, and was or¬ dained May Ti, ’43, by the same; was pastor of Evansburg and Portersville, in Butler Co., 1843-June 30, ’47; of Unity and Sunbury Oct. 3, 1847; resigned Unity in 1858, and in i860 took Fairview for half time until June, 1871, and re¬ mained pastor of Sunbury until his death, which occurred May 13, 1880. The day before his death, when he spoke with great difficulty, he sent this message: “Tell the breth¬ ren of the Presbytery I die having no confidence in the flesh, placing all my hope in Christ alone and the great atonement, and in that faith I expect to pass safely into eternity.” BRITTAIN, Jeremiah Reed, D. D. Was born July 26, 1839, near New Brighton, Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1863, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Aug. 9, 1865, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’66, by the Lake; pastor since ordination of Greenville, Mercer Co., Pa., Publications: Address at the In¬ stallation of Dr. Jeffers as President of Westminster College; a Sermon on Bible Temperance, pp. 25; Historical Sermon, pp. 28; Memorial of James W. Linn, pp. 24; The Ministry and Secular Education, an Address, pp. 25. BROCKETT, Oliver Garland: Was born Aug. 27, 1845, West Union, Ills.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 3, 1878, by Princeton Pres., and ordained Sept. 9, ’78, by the same; pastor of Morea, Crawford Co., Ill., Sept. 9, 1878-Oct. 27, ’82; Blue Mound, Linn Co., Kan., July II, 1883-Ap. 6, ’87. BROOKS, William Irwin: Was born Sep. 28, 1854, near Huntsville, O.; was graduated at Geneva College, O., in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed and ordained Ap. 4, 1883, Sidney Pres.; pastor at Miltonville, Kan., since Sep. 21, 1886- 242 THE MINISTRY. BROWN, George, (A. R.)*: Was received by the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of Philadelphia, Jan. II, 1853, from the Presbyterian Church of Canada; was transferred to the Presbytery of Saratoga in 1855, and in a few months afterward passed to the Presbyterian Church. BROWN, George Cochran*: Was born in 1844 at Baden, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1870, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 13, ’71, by the Lake; was pastor of Georgetown and New Vernon, Mercer Co., 1871-May 6, ’73; died in Allegheny May 22, 1874, from consumption. BROWN, Hugh*: Was born in 1806 in Glasgow, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Glasgow, and studied theology in the Semi¬ nary of the Relief Church; was licensed by the Glasgow Pres¬ bytery about 1830, and ordained in 1831; was pastor of the Relief Church at Balfron, Sterlingshire, 1831-’54; supplied in Glasgow and Ireland until 1861, when he came to Canada and finally the U. S.; joined May, 1862, the Second Pres, of New York; was pastor of Greensboro’, Vt., Jan. 5, 1864-Ap., ’67; of Caledonia and De Korra, Wis., Sept, 1867, until his death. May 15, 1876. Publication: Sermons and Addresses, pp. 450, 1879 - brown, Hugh, (.A): Was born May 6, 1810, in Guiness, county Down, Ireland; was graduated at Belfast College, and studied theology in Glasgow, Scotland, where he was also licensed by the Glas¬ gow Pres, of Original Burgher Seceders; was transferred to the Pres, of Belfast, and by it ordained and installed over the congregation of Carryduff. After a few years he came to America and in Nov., 1848, joined the Asso. Pres, of New York, (Bullions,) and in Jan., 1849, was installed in South¬ wark, Philadelphia; resigned in Oct., and was suspended for intoxication; disregarded the sentence to a large extent, and disobeyed citations until, in 1852, he was deposed. He then passed to Canada and preached for some time to a Presbyte¬ rian Ch. in Spencerville. In 1857 applied to the Pres, of THE MINISTRY. 243 Cambridge for restoration and admission, wbicb were granted in Sept; was pastor of East Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., May 4, 1858 to May 7, ’67; S. S. in Vermont, two years; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; filled for a few years a pastorate in Saratoga Co., from which he retired because of total blindness; lives at Shushan, N. Y. BROWN, James, D. D., (A.): Was born Oct. 31, 1812, in Alyth, Perthshire, Scotland; was graduated at Hanover, Ind., in 1835, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 26, 1839, by the Indiana Pres., and ordained Sept. 10, ’40, by Chartiers; was pastor of Peter’s Creek, Sept., 1840-Dec. 5, 1843; of Madison and con¬ nections, Ind., May, 1844; released from Mt. Pleasant and Vernon May, ’48, and from Madison Nov., ’55; Keokuk, la., Ap., 1856-June 24, ’73; S. S. at Keokuk 1874-75; pastor at Columbus City, la., July, 1876-Ap. 4, ’83; was Moderator of the General Assembly in 1876. Delegate to the Presby¬ terian Council in 1880. Publications: Farewell Discourse at Madison; The Sure Refuge, a Sermon, Acts xx:32; The In¬ justice of American Slavery. BROWN, James (A. R.)*: Was born about 1789 in county of Tyrone, Ireland; re¬ ceived a collegiate, theological and medical education in the University of Edinburgh; was ordained by the “Evangelical Association of Ireland;” came to America about 1812, and supplied Presbyterian churches in Perry Co., Pa., for two or three years; was called in Dec., 1815, by the congregation at Concord, in Franklin Co., Pa., but as the Big Spring Pres¬ bytery had some doubts as to the validity of his ordination that question was referred to the General Synod, and the or¬ dination was sustained, and he was installed as pastor in June, 1817, although he had supplied the place for two years; he resigned Oct. 5, 1819; was S. S. at Timber Ridge and Old Providence, Va., 1819-’22; joined the Monongahela Pres, in 1823, after the dissolution of the Big Spring Pres, by the union of 1822; was pastor of Fall Creek and Hop Run, High¬ land Co., O., May 23, 1826, till Nov., same year; settled as a practicing physician in Pittsburgh in 1829; became dissi¬ pated, and after preparatory discipline was, in Oct., 1835, de- 244 THE MINISTRY. posed from the ministry for intemperance and contumacy; in 1839 he retired to Bridgewater, Beaver Co., Pa., where he died Dec. 20, 1854. His last days were reported as his best days. BROWN, John Gemmeee, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 14, 1824, Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1842, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 24, 1845, ^7 Monongahela, and ordained Dec. 29, ’46, by the same; was pastor of the Second Asso. Ref., now Third United Presbyterian Ch. Pittsburgh, 1846-Jan., ’72; was Moderator of the General Assembly in 1874, and Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Home Missions, May, 1872-85. Has for many years been very active in promoting the education of deaf and dumb children in and about Pittsburgh, and has been largely instrumental in founding the Western Pennsylvania Institution for the in¬ struction of the Deaf and Dumb, (a State institution,) and has been the President of its Board of Trustees since 1874 and its General Superintendent since 1878, and President since 1886. Publications: A Sermon on the Twentieth Anniver¬ sary of his Settlement; a Sermon on the Sabbath following the Assassination of President Lincoln, in Ap., 1865. BROWN, John Hervey, D. D. : Grandson of Rev. A. Porter, was born Feb. 20, 1834, in Hamilton, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 2, 1863, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 12, ’64, by the same; was pastor at Clayton, Ill., Sept, 1864-Ap. 13, ’69, Piqua, O., Sept. 2, 1869-July 16, ’84, Rock Island, Ill., Dec. 22, 1885- Publications: The Abiding Word, a Sermon; The History of the United Presbyterian Church, Piqua; The Wonderfulness of Scripture, a Sermon. BROWN, Mitchell Matthews (A. R.): Was born Sept. 10, 1820, in Israel township, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1840, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in May, 1844, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Oct. 16, ’46, by the First Pres, of Illinois; pastor of Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill., spring 1849-’54; was Principal of Union Academy at Sparta, Ill., of THE MINISTRY. 245 the Female Seminary at Bloomington, Ind., and President of Lincoln College, Greenwood, Mo. Publication: A Tract, “Come to Jesus.” BROWN, Newton Ebenezer: Was born Jan. 15, 1840, near Harrisville, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1864, by the Butler Pres., and ordained June 26, ’66, by the same; pastor over Slippery Rock and Harlansburg, in Butler Co., Pa., June 26, 1866-Jan. 19, ’ 86 . BROWN, Nathan Harvey: Brother of M. M., was born Oct. 10, 1834, at Morning Sun, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in i860, and studied theol¬ ogy at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 3, 1861, by Monmouth, and was ordained Oct. 13, ’62, by Chicago Pres.; was pastor of Shannon Ill., Oct, 1862-Ap., ’65; of Spring Creek, Bloomington Pres., June, 1865-Ap., ’69, and at Ainsworth, la., June, 1871-Dec., ’86. BROWN, Samuee (A. R.)*: Was born in 1772 in Spartanburg District, S. C., and edu¬ cated at Dickinson, and was reported by the Pres, of the Carolinas, in 1801, as a student of theology under its care; in 1803 he was transferred to the Pres, of Kentucky to finish his studies under Mr. Rankin, and was by it licensed in Mar., 1805, and ordained Oct, 1807; was pastor of Jones, Barton and Livingston Creek, in Dickson Co., Tenn., 1807-Ap., ’12; of Salem, Caldwell Co., Ky., 1812-Nov., ’27, where he also maintained an academy. At this last date he left his charge without any formal resignation or dissolution, and went into south-western Tennessee, and there died July 16, 1828. BROWN, Thomas (A.): Brother of Dr. James; was born Sept. 6, 1814, in Alyth, Perthshire, Scotland; was educated at Xenia Academy, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 20, 1848, by Miami Pres., and ordained Feb. 26, ’50, by Muskingum; pastor of Cambridge, Birmingham and the Ridge, Guernsey Co., O., at Urbana, O., 1850-Ap. 13, ’59; S. S. at Urbana, O., 1859-61; Massie’s Creek, O., Oct. 24, i86i-’6; at Cen- 246 THE MINISTRY. tralia, Ill., i868-’7i; pastor Crawfordsville, la., Ap. 9, 1872- Ap. 7, ’79; Welda, Anderson Co., Kan., Aug. 1882-Oct. 20, 1885. BROWN, Thomas Hugh*: Son of Thomas, was born Mar. 7, 1855, Cambridge, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 9, 1879, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Oct. 12, ’80, by Le Claire; pastor of Clarence, and Stanwood, la., July i, 1880-Oct. i, ’84; North Henderson, Ill., Ap. I, 1885-Ap. 13, ’86. Died Sep. 8, 1886, of con¬ sumption. BROWN, William: Was graduated at Monmouth in 1865, and studied theo¬ logy at Monmouth; was licensed in 1868 by Monmouth Pres., and was ordained June 16, ’69, by Des Moines; pastor at Mt. Ayr. and Pleasant Ridge, la., June, 1869-Ap. 5, ’77; S. S. at Eugene and Tingley, la. BROWNE, Robert Audley, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Dec. 3, 1821, in Steubenville, O., and reared in Pittsburgh; was graduated at the Western University in 1840, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1843, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 31, ’44, by the same; was S. S. for one year of the Second Asso. Ref. congregation in Pittsburgh; was pastor of Eastbrook and She- nango, Lawrence County, Pa., from 1846, resigning the former in 1850, and the latter in ’59; of New Castle, (a new or¬ ganization out of part of his original charge) 1850-67, and again of New Castle since 1873. During his first pastorate of New Castle he was absent two years and four months as chaplain of the psalm-singing ‘ ‘ Roundhead ’ ’ regiment in the civil war. He was a member of the State Senate 1865- 1868. He was president of Westminster College 1867-’70. In 1875 he was the nominee of the Prohibition party of Penn¬ sylvania for Governor, and Moderator of the General Assem¬ bly of 1869. BROWNE, Samuel (A. R.): Was born in Sept. 1828, in Ireland; was graduated at Bel¬ fast College, and studied theology in Edinburgh; was licensed in 1851 by the General Assembly Presbytery of Monaghan, THE MINISTRY. 247 and ordained Aug. 16, 1853, by the Presbytery of Blairsville, (Asso. Ref.); was pastor of Plum Creek, Indiana Co., Pa., Aug. 1853-1865. BROWNLEE, Anderson Ebenezer: Was born, Oct. 25, 1855, near Claysville, Wash. Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed, June 12, 1883, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained, Sep. 21,’ 86, by Wheeling; pastor at Martins Ferry, Ohio, since ordination. BROWNLEE, Ebenezer Archibald: Was born June 16, 1831, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed June 17, 1856, by Char- tiers Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Mar. 8, ’61, by Kansas; pastor of Rome, Faribault Co., Minn., since July 18, 1872. BROWNLEE, Henry Herschell: Brother of J. D.; was born Mar. 18, 1854, in Franklin township, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 2, 1876, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Sept. 19, ’77, by the same; was pastor of West Beaver and New Lebanon Sept., 1877-Ap. 13, 1880. Joined the Presbyterian Church, and supplies at Grand Forks, Dakota. BROWNLEE, James Carson (A.)*: Was born in 1824, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in Oct., 1852, by the Allegheny Pres., and or¬ dained Feb. 23, ’54, by Muskingum; was pastor of Ridge and Clear Fork, Guernsey Co., O., Feb. 1854-’55, and died Ap. 12, 1858, from consumption. BROWNLEE, James Day: Was born Feb.'’4, 1842, in Washington Co., Pa,; was edu¬ cated at Washington and Westminster Colleges, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 5, 1869, by Char- tiers Pres., and ordained May 10, ’70, by Steubenville; was pastor of Wellsville, O., May, 1870-Dec. 31, ’75; of Indiana, Pa., since Oct. 19, 1877. Publication: Free Masonry as a Religion, a Sermon, pp. 16, 1873. 248 THE MINISTRY. BROWNLEE, John Templeton, D. D. (A.): Was born Ap. 24, 1824, West Middletown, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 13, 1849, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 31, ’50, sme titulo^ by Albany; took charge of Mt. Hope congregation, Washington Co., Pa., in June, 1851, and has been its pastor since Feb. 19, 1852; was delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884, and Moderator of the Gen. Assembly of 1886. Publications: Quarter Centennial History of his College Class, pp. 38, 1868; History of Presbytery of Chartiers, pp. 47, 1877; Sermon at the Ordination of W. M. Gibson, Nov. 19, 1855. BROWNLEE, Martin Beveridge: Brother of John T.; was born in Washington Co., Pa., June 7, 1845; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1873, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ June ii, ’78, by the same, and was employed while a probationer mainly in Kansas, and since June, 1878, has been S. S. at Berea and Richland, Kan. and Centreville, Iowa. BROWNLEE, William Craig, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1783 in Scotland; was graduated at the Uni¬ versity of Glasgow, and studied theology in the Anti-burgher Hall; was licensed by the Asso. Pres, of Sterling in 1806; came to the U. S. in 1808, and was ordained May 3, 1809, by the Chartiers Pres.; was pastor of Mt. Pleasant and Burgetts- town, Washington Co., Pa., 1809-Sept., ’12; of Philadelphia Nov., i8i2-Oct., ’14; joined the Dutch Ch., and was rector of the Academy of New Brnnswick, N. J., 1815-’17; was pastor of the Presbyterian Ch. in Baskenridge, N. J., 1818- ’25; was professor of languages in Rutgers College, i825-’26; was a pastor in the Collegiate Dutch Ch. in New York city 1826-’48, and emeritus pastor until his death, which occurred in i860, after suffering twelve years from paralysis. Publica¬ tions: His publications were qnite numerous, and many of them relate to Roman Catholicism. THE ministry. 249 BRUCE, David Graham: Brother of James; was boin July 13, 1833, at Amsterdam, Jefferson Co., O.; was educated at Jefferson and Westminster Colleges, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Sept. 4, 1866, by Delaware Pres., and ordained May 18, ’69, by Big Spring; was pastor of Dower Chanceford, York Co., Pa., May, i869-June26, ’72; Mediapolis, la., Sept. 9, 1875-Jan. 15, ’79; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Good Hope, Ill. BRUCE, James (A.): Nephew of James C.; was born May 15, 1831, at Hillsville, Lawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Hanover, Ind., in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 2, 1855, by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained by the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia, May 13, ’58; was pastor of Mercersburg and the Cove, May, 1858-Feb. 10, ’63, and of Andes, N. Y., since May 10, 1864. BRUCE, James C. (A.)*: Was born in 1800, and was graduated at Eranklin in 1826, the first graduate of the institution, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 30, 1830, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ by the same, August 27, ’31; was pastor of Henderson River, Warren Co., Ill., May ii, 1833-’48. In the summer of 1848 he united with the Asso. Synod (Bullions and Stark), and Ap. 18, 1853, joined the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Illinois; and was pastor of Blue Mound and Wyoming Valley, Wis., 1854, until his death, which took place in 1857 from phthisis. BRUCE, Robert, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1776 in Scone, county of Perth, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh in 1801, and studied theology for five years in the Associate Hall under Professor A. Bruce; was licensed in 1806 by the Presbytery of Perth; was imrnediately ^‘missioned” by the Synod to the U. S., and, in company with Dr. Alex. Bullions, landed at New York on the 8th of Dec. of the same year; was ordained Dec. I 4 > 1808, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and installed at the same time as pastor of Pittsburgh and Peter’s Creek; resigned the ^7 250 THE MINISTRY. latter in 1813, and remained in Pittsburgh until his death, which occurred June 14, 1846. The last sermon he ever preached was from the text, “In my Father’s house are many mansions.” He was an exceedingly diligent and laborious student all his life. He was President of the Western Uni¬ versity 1820-’43, and of Duquesne College 1844-’46. Publi¬ cations: An Address before the Pittsburgh Philosophical Society, 1824; ^ Volume of Sermons, 1829. BRUCE, William (A.)*: Brother of James C.; was born June 2, 1812, in Youngs¬ town, Trumbull Co., O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 15, 1836, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 14, ’37, by Miami; was pastor of Ellison, Ill., i837-’47; Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa., 1853-’60; Conneautville, Pa., 1856-’60; Rye- gate, Vt., 1868-Aug. 10, ’70; Low Point, Woodford Co., Ill., 1872-Sept. 28, ’74; Died Aug. 26, 1881, at Low Point. BRUCE, William, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Mar. 9, 1828, in Scotland; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in Sept., 1853, by the Richland Pres., and ordained Ap. 26, ’55, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Baltimore congre¬ gation, Md., 1855-May 6, ’73, and of Maisse’s Creek, O., Ap. 27, i875-’8o; was Professor of Didactic Theology in the Theo¬ logical Seminary in Xenia from Oct., 1874, until his death; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1879. Died Nov. 10, 1880, of consumption. BRUCE, William R. : Was born May 14, 1844, at New Sheffield, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 10, 1873, by Frankford Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’75, by the Lake; pastor of Georgetown and New Vernon, Mercer Co., Pa., since ordination; resigned New Vernon, Dec. 9, ’84; was a soldier in the Union army during the civil war. BRUNTON, William (A. R.)*: Was received by the Presbytery of Washington, N. Y., in 1828, from the Asso. Burgher Ch. of Scotland, and after THE MINISTRY. 25 1 remaining two or three years passed to one of the churches in Canada. BYRAN, John (A.): Was born August 5, 1811, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 8, 1840, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’41, by Muskingum; was pastor of Jefferson, New Market and Sharon congregations, Harrison Co., O., Sept., 1841-autumn of ’53; Bloomington, Ind., 1855-62; supplied for a time, and is in¬ firm at Bloomington, Indiana. BRYSON, John C. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 17, 1821, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Bethany College, West Va., in 1846, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1849, Steuben¬ ville Pres., and ordained Nov. 12, ’50, by Blairsville; was was pastor at Puckety, Westmoreland Co., 1850-Oct. 31, ’54; Mt. Gilead, Allegheny Co., Sept., 1855-Sept. 18, ’66; S. S. at Fairview, Johnson Co., Mo., i868-’72; resides at Warrens- burg. Mo., without charge. BUCHANAN, George (A. R.)*: Was born in 1782, in York Co., Pa., of Covenanter parent¬ age; was prepared for college by Mr. Dobbin, and was grad¬ uated at Dickinson in 1805, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in Dec., 1809, by the Philadelphia Pres., and ordained June 19, ’ii, by Mononga- hela, and installed pastor of Steubenville, Yellow Creek, and Herman’s Creek; resigned Yellow Creek Dec. 9, 1812, and Herman’s Creek Ap. 10, 1838, and remained pastor of Steu¬ benville until his death, Oct. 14, 1855. Nearly his last utter¬ ance was: ‘ ‘ When this struggle is over I shall be freed from contending with a sinful world, from resisting temptations and fighting with spiritual wickedness in high places. I shall be done with warning sinners, and if they will not heed my admonitions, but cast them from them, they must bear the consequences. And now, what wait I for? I know that I shall receive the crown of righteousness which God will give to him who is faithful to the end, and shall be received to that city whose builder and maker is God. ’ ’ 252 THE MINISTRY. BUCHANAN, James (A. R.)*: Brother of J. Hervey; was born Mar. 21, 1822, in Fairfield Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1841, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1844, by the Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained July 23, ’46, by Springfield, and installed as pastor in Cedarville, O., where he died Ap. ii, 1847. Publication: A Sermon in Vol. IV. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. BUCHANAN, James Hervey (A. R.)*: Was born July 10, 1816, near Uancaster, Fairfield Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1840, by the Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained, sine tihilo^ Oct. 12, ’42, by the same; was S. S. at Birmingham, Allegheny Co., Pa., 1842-7; pas¬ tor of Cedarville, Greene Co., O., May, 1848-Dec., ’54; in¬ stalled at Huntsville and Roundhead in June, 1870; demitted Huntsville Ap. 29, 1879, and Roundhead Ap. 6, ’81; supplied Homestead, Ill., 1881-3; Principal of Oxford Female Insti¬ tute, Ohio, 1855-67. Died Oct. 18, 1883, of embolism of the heart. Publications: Messiah’s Kingdom, a Sermon, 1852; Divinity and Humanity of Jesus Christ, a Sermon, 1853. BUCHANAN, James Nelson (A. R.): Was born Dec. 10, 1824, near Thornville, Licking Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1848, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 28, 1851, by Michigan Pres., and ordained Nov. 28, ’51, by the same, and installed pastor of Hebron, Ind., and is yet in charge. BUCHANAN, James W. : Was born June 24, 1829, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May i, 1861, by Butler Pres., and ordained Ap. 3 ) ’^ 5 ) by Michigan; was S. S. of Caledonia and Orangeville, in Michigan, 1864-Sept., ’69, and then pastor until ’73; sup¬ plied Wheatland, Will Co., Ill., from Oct., 1874, and pastor Nov. 2, 1875-Mar. II, ’84; S. S. Utica, Neb., 1885- BUCHANAN, John Junkin (A. R.)*: Son of Rev. George; was born Jan. 24, 1817, at Steuben¬ ville, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1837, and studied THE MINISTRY. 253 theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 28, 1841, by Steu¬ benville Pres., and ordained Nov. 3, ’42, by Monongahela; was pastor of Raccoon and Hanover, Beaver Co., Nov., 1842 -Mar. 26, ’44; of Mifflin, Allegheny Co., Pa., May 5, 1846- Sept. 25, ’49; died in Allegheny City, July 27, 1853, from consumption. BUCHANAN, Joseph: Son of the Rev. George; was born June 5, 1820, in Steu¬ benville, O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 15, 1843, Steubenville Pres.; spent many years as the Principal of the High School in Steubenville, and Superintendent of the Public Schools, preaching occasionally in the near vacancies; was ordained sine titulo^ Sept. 13, 1876, by Steubenville, and is a stated supply. BUCHANAN, Joseph Henderson *: Was born Sept. 22, 1833, in Washington Co., Pa.; gradu¬ ated at Muskingum in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1861, by Muskingum, and ordained by the same, June 18, ’62; was pastor of Thornville and Rush Creek from his ordination until his death. He spent six months (Oct. ’63-Ap. ’64,) in the Freedmen’s Mis¬ sion in Vicksburg, Miss., and died from dysentery Sept. 6, 1864, West Rushville, Ohio. BUCHANAN, Joseph S. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 31, 1806, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson 1837, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1839, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 24, ’40, by Steubenville; was installed pastor of West Alexander, Middle Wheeling and Short Creek at ordina¬ tion; was released from Middle Wheeling in 1850, and from the others in ’54, because of ill health; taught a classical school at Portersville, Pa., 1854-’56; was pastor of Clarence, Cedar Co., la., i866-’72, and then retired from active labors to Monmouth, Ill., where he died Mar. 31, 1887. Publica¬ tions: A Sermon on the Sanctification of the Sabbath, 1870; A Farewell Sermon, 1872. 254 THE MINISTRY. BUCHANAN, Walter Joseph: Son of Rev. Joseph S., was born Sept. 8, 1857, in Jackson Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 5, 1883, Monmouth Pres., and was ordained June 6, ’84, by the same; pastor of Ellison, Henderson Co., Ill., since June 6, 1884. BUCHANAN, William Howell: Was born Sept. 21, 1829, Cross Roads, Washington Co., Pa.,; was graduated at Monmouth in 1859, and studied the¬ ology at Monmouth; was licensed July 12, 1859, by Mon¬ mouth Pres., and ordained July ii, ’60, by the same; was pastor of Elvaston, Ill., 1860-Sept., ’68; was Superintendent of Freedmen’s Mission, at Vicksburg, Miss., i868-’7i; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in Dec., 1871, and has held pastoral charges in St. Eouis and Texas, and is now at New Bedford, Mass. BUCK, Samuel Alexander *: Was born Nov. 27, 1851, at College Corner, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 9, 1877, ^7 First Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained by the same. Sept. 22, ’80; S. S. at Indianapolis, 1878 -’9; was pastor of Sycamore and Hopkinsville, O., Sept. 1880-Sept. 25, ’83. Died from typhoid dysentery, Aug. 14, 1884. BULK, James E. (A.): Was born at Massie’s Creek, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July i, 1846, by Miami Pres., and ordained by the same July 8, ’47; S. S. for one year in Michigan; installed pastor of Kenton and Iberia, O., in 1848; resigned Iberia in ’53, and Kenton after the union of ’58, so that the two congregations there might unite; of Tranquility, la., i864-’8; missionated ten years, and, since 1878, has been Principal of Traer Acad¬ emy, Iowa. BUEEIONS, Alexander, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1779 in Perthshire, in Scotland. His parents belonged to the Kirk, but at the age of sixteen he made a profession of religion in the Associate Church; was graduated THE MINISTRY. 255 at the University of Edinburgh in 1801, and studied theology for five years in the Associate Hall under Prof. Bruce, of Whitburn; was licensed May 20, 1806, by the Pres, of Perth; wished to go as a missionary to India, but for political reasons no British vessel would at that time carry out a missionary, so he sailed with Dr. Robert Bruce for New York, where he landed Dec. 8, 1806; passed to Cambridge, N. Y., in Jan., 1807 ; received a call in June, and after declining it, finally accepted, and was ordained by the Cambridge Presbytery in April, 1808, and installed pastor in Cambridge, and died in this pastoral relation June 26, 1857. A man of great vigor of body and of mind, and of strong and quick impulses, and fre¬ quently sung of mercy and of judgment. In 1830 a difficulty began to spring up in his Presbytery, which seriously involved him. It assumed a variety of phases and passed through many stages in both Presbytery and Synod, until an act of suspension was passed on the 5th of Oct., 1837, and fol¬ lowed by deposition soon afterward. On the 7th of Feb., 1838, he declined the authority of the Presbytery, and as the great majority of the congregation clung to him, a long and expensive lawsuit followed. Dr. Bullions carried his case to the neighboring Presbytery of Vermont, which assumed the right to review it and to restore him to the ministry. The trouble reached to other Presbyteries and finally terminated in a schism. The majority of the Presbytery of Albany, the minority of the Presbytery of Cambridge, and the entire Pres, of Vermont associated together, and on the 15th of June, 1841, organized a rival Synod, under the title of the Associate Synod of North America. After thirteen years this breach was healed and the Doctor died in peace. Publications: A Tract, entitled Marah’s Waters Sweetened, or Affiictions and Consolations of the Righteous; another on Repentance; an¬ other on Pardon; and many contributions to the periodic press: BUEEIONS, David Goodwidue (A.)*: A son of Dr. Alexander; was born June 24, 1817, in Cam¬ bridge, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1835, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1841, by the Ohio Pres., and ordained by the Bullions Pres, of Cambridge 256 THE MINISTRY. Aug. 26, ’42 ; colleague of his father in Cambridge 1842-’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and was pastor of the congrega¬ tion of West Milton, in Saratoga Co., N. Y., from 1857 until his death. Sept. 29, 1864. BULIvlONS, Peter, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in Dec., 1791, at Moss Side, near Perth, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh in 1813, and studied theology with Professor Paxton in the Associate Hall; was licensed in June, 1817, by the Pres, of Edinburgh, and sailed in July for New York; was ordained March 4, 1818, by the Cambridge Presbytery; was installed at his ordination as pastor of S. Argyle and W. Hebron, in Washington Co., N. Y.; resigned the latter Jan. 27, 1823, und the former Feb. 2, ’25. In 1832 he began preaching in Troy, N. Y., being then and for many years afterward a resident of Albany, and when an Associate Church was organized in 1834 in Troy he was installed as pastor. In 1852 he resigned and made a lengthy visit to his native land, and when he returned was recalled and installed as his own successor in Troy, where he remained in active service until his death, which occurred Feb. 13, 1864. He was Professor of Languages in the Albany Academy 1825 -1849, und was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1859. Publications: Several Sermons; A Series of Grammars, Eng¬ lish, Latin and Greek, which passed through many editions; A Latin-English Dictionary, 1012 pp., 1862. BURD, George W. (Colored)*: Was born in Va. and educated at Westminster and became a teacher in the Freedmen’s Mission in Tenn., in 1869; was licensed in 1870 by the Tennessee Pres., and ordained in Ap., ’71, by the same; had charge of the Vicksburg branch of this mission Jan., 1871-’72; left the U. P. C., and soon afterwards died from the smallpox. BURGESS, Robert: Was born Ap., 18, 1822, in Poland, Mahoning Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1845, ^ud studied theology one year at Canonsburg, one at Princeton, and finished with Dr. Alex. Bullions; was licensed in 1848 by Cambridge Pres., (Bullions’); in 1850 joined the New School Covenanters, and THE MINISTRY. 257 preached for a short season under their care in Tenn., where he became so disgusted with slavery that he joined the Free Presbyterian Ch., and was ordained and preached for some time in Hartford, Trumbull Co., O. When the Free Ch. dis¬ solved after the civil war he joined the U. P. C., and supplied two years in Kansas and Iowa. In 1867 united with the New School Presbyterian Ch., and preached for several years at Montrose and Woodbine, in Iowa; then taught for a sea¬ son; he was never installed, and lives at Cleveland, O., with¬ out any church connection. BURNETT, William. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1808 in Abbeville district, S. C.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1832, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap., 23, 1835, by the Second Pres., of Ohio, and ordained Ap., 13, ’36, by Monongahela; was pas¬ tor of Robinson’s Run, Allegheny Co., Ap., 1836-Ap., ’38; was Pres, of Franklin College 1839-’40; pastor of the Fourth A. R. Ch., Pittsburgh, June, 1840-Sept., ’41; of Mt. Nebo, Allegheny Co., 1845-Dec., 31, 1850, certified to the Presby¬ terian Ch.; died Aug. 20, 1854. Publication; A Sermon in Vol. I of the Pulpit of the Associate Reformed Church. BURNS, John, (A. R.):* Was born in Fenwick, Ayrshire, Scotland; graduated at Glasgow University; entered the Burgher Theological Hall under Dr. Lawson in 1792; was licensed and ordained by the Burgher Presbytery of Glasgow; came to the U. S., in 1803; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres., of New York in Mar., 1804, and transferred in May by the Synod to the Pres., of Washington. In the spring of 1805 he received a call from Stamford and Bertie, in Canada West, and entered immediately upon the duties of the pastorate, although not formally installed until Sept., 18, 1806, because of the distance and difficulty of ac¬ cess. The Stamford Ch. was subsequently dismissed by the Presbytery of Saratoga, to unite with one of the Canada churches. Mr. Burns died in 1822 in the communion of the United Secession Church. BURNS, John Auld*: Was born in Jacksonville, Greene Co., Pa., July 2, 1843; 258 THE MINISTRY. was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap., 19, 1871, by the Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept., 20, ’72, by Des Moines; pastor of North English, in Poweshiek Co., la.. Sept., 1872-76; of Eawrence, Mass., Aug., 4, 1876, until his death, Mar., 28, 1878. CAEAHAN, Thomas, (A. R.): Was born in Washington Co., Pa., about 1820; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1840, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar., 29, 1843, ^7 Monongahela Pres., and ordained by the same July 16, ’44; was pastor of Canons- burg, 1844-’48; of Hanover and Hookstown, June 20, 1849- Ap., II, 54; supplied Cass, Hancock Co., O.; pastor Bur¬ nett’s Creek, Ind., 1858-’63; chaplain for a time in the army; S. S., at Elvira, Clinton Co., la., 1867; deposed from the ministry Oct. 2, 1868, and is teaching in Missouri. \/ CAI,DE;^,HEAD. Alexander (A. R.)*: Was born in 1750 in or near Glasgow, Scotland, of High¬ land parents; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in the Burgher Hall with John Brown, of Haddington; was ordained in 1777, and was pastor of the Burgher congregation of Horndean, near Berwick-on-Tweed, 1777-1802; was one and the oldest of the five Burgher minis¬ ters who came to the U. S. in the autumn of 1802 with Dr. J. M. Mason. The very day he left Hordean he was married to a young Covenanter maiden, Margaret Brown, who was thirty-two years his junior. He started the next week after landing in New York for Elizabethtown, above Pittsburgh, where the Rev. Matthew Henderson was located, and spent the winter in supplying that vicinity; was pastor of West Middletown, Washington Co., Pa., and Short Creek, West Virginia, 1803-’5; of Short Creek, JejBferson Co., O., 1805-’8. Upon one occasion during his residence here he was absent from home but a few days, yet when he returned he found one of his children dead and buried. The shock was so great that he went to bed immediately and slept without waking for forty-eight hours. He removed in 1808 to Wheeling township, Belmont Co., O., where he was pastor of Union Town, Cadiz and Piney Fork until his death, Jan. 31, 1812. THE MINISTRY. 259 While in Jefferson Co. the Rev. William Taggart, D. D., and the Rev. Samuel Findley, D. D., commenced studying the languages and sciences with him, and moved with him to Belmont Co., and remained with him until the autumn of 1809, when they were received by Presbytery as students of theology, and passed to the Theological Seminary of New York. He died of gravel. He published nothing, but left hundreds of carefully-prepared sermons in manuscript, many of which are still preserved. CALDERHEAD, Ebenezer Brown (A. R.): Son of the Rev. Alexander; was born Jan. 4, 1810, in Bel¬ mont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1836, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed on May 19, 1840, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Aug. ii, ’41, by Second Ohio; installed pastor of Jonathan’s Creek and connections. Perry Co., O., Aug., 1841; resigned Jonathan’s Creek Ap. 12, ’54, and Rush Creek and Thornville Jan. 22, ’61, since which he has had no pastoral charge, living mostly at New Athens, O. CAEDWEEE, Alexander Brown: Was born Ap. 29, 1856, at Dehra-Dhoon, in north-western India, Asia; was graduated at Monmouth in 1878, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 15, 1880, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained, Ap. 19, ’81, by the same for the Foreign Missionary work, and sailed for northern India May 26, 1881, and is stationed at Gurdaspur. CAEDWEEE, Albert Hamilton: Was born June 12, 1839, in Harrison Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1863, by Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained Feb. 8, ’65, by the Eake; pastor of Franklin and Utica, Pa., 1865-67; and of Antrim, O., since Jan. 16, 1867. CAEDWEEE, John Thompson: Was born Jan. 29, 1853, Norwich, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1879, ^7 Muskingum Pres., and ordained Jan. 21, and installed June 8, ’80, by Sidney, at Scotch Ridge, Wood Co., O. 26o THE MINISTRY. CALHOUN, Alexander, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 17, 1833, near Savannah, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Aug. 25, ’58, by the same; was pastor of Savannah and Au¬ burn, O., Aug., 1858-Oct., ’58; of Temperanceville and Mansfield, Allegheny Co., Pa., Dec. 16, 1858-Oct. i, ’61, and remained as S. S. in Temperanceville until Aug., 68; pastor of the Fifth Ch., Philadelphia, Aug., ’68-July, ’73; com¬ menced laboring in San Jose, Cal., Aug. 9, 1874, as a mis¬ sionary, by the appointment of the Gen. Ass., organized a church in the following Nov., and was installed Ap. 10, 1879, as pastor. CALHOUN, Johnson C. : Was born Ap. 2, 1853, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1878, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 13, 1881, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’82, by the same; pastor of Oskaloosa, la., Ap., 1882- June 12, ’83; Knoxville and Unity, la.. May, 1884-Ap. 15, ’85; Olena, Ill., since June 19, 1885. CALHOUN, Joseph: Was born Nov. 27, 1842, at Hookstown, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 23, 1872, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 12, ’73, by Des Moines; pastor of Indianola, la., since ordination. CALVERT, Alexander Hamilton: Was born Mar. 16, 1837, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 24, 1867, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Dec. 22, ’68, by Allegheny; pastor of Etna, Allegheny Co., since ordination. Has been a teacher for many years. CAMPBELL, Allen Ditchfield, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 15, 1791, at Chorley, Lancastershire, Eng¬ land. While yet a child the family emigrated and settled in Baltimore, Md., where he was reared; he was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1811, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1815 by the THE MINISTRY. 261 Philadelphia Pres., and ordained in June, ’18, by Mononga- hela, and installed pastor of Meadville and Sugar Creek, in Crawford Co., Pa. When the Synod of Scioto organized as the Synod of the West, Ap. 27, 1820, and independent of the Gen. Synod, he declined its jurisdiction and connected with the Red Stone Pres, of the Presbyterian Ch., and at the same time left his pastoral charge. He was pastor of the First Pres, congregation in Nashville, Tenn., 1820-27; and from 1827-40 devoted most of his time, and at his own expense, to the founding and upbuilding of the Presbyterian Theo. Sem. at Allegheny City. Died Sept. 20, 1861, at his country resi¬ dence, near Pittsburgh, Pa. CAMPBEDD, Aevin Mklanchthon: Was born Feb. 17, 1857, at Dewitt, la.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 20, 1880, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 17, 1881, by Des Moines; pastor of Winterset, la., Oct. 17, i88i-Oct. 21, ’84; Cedarville, O., Ap. 14, 1885- CAMPBELL, Charles (A. R.)*: Was born in 1768 in Stewardstown, county Tyrone, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in the Burgher Hall, in Scotland, under John Brown of Had¬ dington; was licensed in 1789, and was ordained in a pastoral charge in the county of Londonderry, under the care of the Associate Presbytery of Derry. He came to this country in 1801 “under a sentence of suspension from the holy ministry by the Associate Presbytery of Derry, in Ireland, but fully purged of scandal and restored to the communion of the church, and was admitted to preach the gospel under the care of Presbytery (the First Presbytery of Pennsylvania), in order to make trial of his humble and pious deportment previous to his restoration to the ministerial office.” Synod was offended at this and rebuked the Presbytery for being “incautious and precipitate,” and referred the whole case to the Synod of Pennsylvania, which at its first meeting. May, 1803, restored him to the full exercise of the ministry. During all this time he was supplying the congregations of Lower Chanceford and Hopewell, in York Co., Pa., and in the summer of 1803 was installed as their pastor. He died Ap. 7, 1804. 262 THE MINISTRY. CAMPBEIvL, EIvLiott Davidson*: Was born Feb. 12, 1852, at Futtegurh, India. His father, the Rev. D. E. Campbell, and mother (nee Maria I. Bigham) went in 1850 to India, as missionaries under the Presbyterian Board. They were stationed at Futtegurh, and labored with success until the Sepoy mutiny broke out in 1857. with two children younger than he, were massacred in that mutiny on the 13th of June. He was providentially pre¬ served, because when the family returned in the spring from their brief vacation at the Himalaya range he was so ill that they were compelled to leave him in charge of the Rev. Wil¬ liam Jay, chaplain of the garrison at Landowr. Here he re¬ mained until the mutiny was quelled, and was brought to this country in 1859 by the Rev. William Janvier, of the Presbyterian Board, and was then taken to the home of his widowed grandmother, in Millersbiirg, O. He was graduated at Westminster in 1871; studied theology one winter in Alle¬ gheny, two in Xenia, and a fourth in the Free Church Col¬ lege at Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed Ap. 21, 1874, by Mansfield Pres., and organized the mission in Burlington, la., and supplied it until July, 1877; was ordained Dec. 10, ’77, by Bloomington; pastor at Paxton, Ford Co., Ill., Dec., 1877-June 24, ’81; at Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept. 20, i88i-Oct. 20, ’84. Died of consumption Aug. 15, 1885. CAMPBEEE, Gawn, M. D. (A.)*: Was born June 20, 1823, Barnamaghery, Ireland; was educated throughout at Belfast College; was licensed Nov. 7, 1843, Pres., of Down, and came to this country in 1850, and was ordained in Oct., of that year by the Asso. Pres., of Vermont; was pastor of Greensboro’, Vt., Oct., 1850-Oct., 29, ’61; of W. 44th St, New York, Nov. 21, 1861-July 17, ’77. Gave all his time to the practice of medi¬ cine. Died Feb. 20, 1887. Publications: Catechism on Some of the Principles and Practices of the United Presbyterian Church, 1867; A Catechism on the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord’s Supper, 1868; A History of West Forty-fourth St., Church, 1868; The Death of Aaron, 1870. CAMPBELL, James, (A. R.)*: Was born about 1812 in Scotland; came to this country in THE MINISTRY. 263 youth and was graduated at Union in 1837, and studied the¬ ology at Newburgh; was licensed in 1840 by the Pres., of Sar¬ atoga, and ordained, sine titulo^ Oct. 17, ’43, by New York; was pastor of E. Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., May 7, 1845- ’46; was S. S., for several years at Howard, Steuben Co., N. Y., after which he retired to a farm in Howard township, and there died Sept, 28, 1865. CAMPBELL, James Casner (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 19, 1823, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1845, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1847, Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 14, ’48, by the same; was pastor at Wellsville, O., No\^ 1848-55, and Knoxville until 1853; Paris, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa., 1855-75; of Hopewell, Butler Co., O,, Mar. 26, 1878-Jan. 26, ’84. For seven years he was principal of the Wellsville Academy and for six years of the Paris Academy. Died Aug. 19, 1884, of dysentery. CAMPBELL, James Oscar: Was born Mar. 21, 1858, at Service, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Mt. Union, O., in 1879, studied theology at Xenia and Union in N. Y.; was licensed Ap. 25, 1882, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Sep. 5, ’83, by Arkansas Valley; pastor of Arkansas City, Kan., Sept. 5, 1883-Mar. 8, 1887. CAMPBELL, John (A. R.)*: Was born in Glenlion, Perthshire, Scotland, and'came with his father Donald to this country in 1802, and settled in Gal¬ way, Saratoga Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1808, and studied theology in New York; was licensed Ap. 20, 1812, by Saratoga Pres., and ordained July 8, ’13, by the same, and installed pastor of Caledonia, Livingston Co., N. Y., where he died. May i, 1817. CAMPBELL, John Alexander (A. R.)*: Was born March 21, 1825, Johnson Co., Ind.; was graduated at Indiana University in 1845, studied theo¬ logy at Oxford ; was licensed in Ap., 1848, by Indiana Pres., and ordained Nov. 28, ’54, by Butler; was pastor of Putney- ville and Pine Creek, Nov., i854-’57; of Mt. Varnum and Fairview, Butler Presbytery, 1857-’59; 8, i860. 564 mu MINISl'RY. CAMPBELL, Joseph Coleins*: Brother of William A., was born at Union Springs, Lancas¬ ter Co., Pa., Feb., 12, 1843; graduated at Westminster in 1867, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 20, 1870, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained by the same Nov. 18, ’72; was pastor of the Sixth Ch., Philadelphia, from his ordination to his death, which occurred Aug. 31, 1879, from consumption. CAMPBELL, Joseph Thomas; Was born Feb., 3, 1838, in Antrim, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, 1866, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained by the same Oct. 26, ’69; pastor of ]\It. Hermon, Guernsey Co., O.; since ordination, and S. S. for one-fifth time at the Ridge since Jan., 1875. CAMPBELL, PETER, (A.)*: Was born in Nov. 1784, in Cromie, Perthshire, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Glasgow in 1814, and studied theology in Edinburgh; was licensed Aug. 3, 1819, by the Associate Pres., of Glasgow. In 1820 he emigrated to the U. S.; was ordained, sine titulo^ Sept., 28 of the same year, by the Pres., of Philadelphia; labored as a missionar}' for over two years in Virginia and the Carolinas; was pastor of Florida, Montgom. Co., N. Y., Feb., 20, 1823-Sept. 1843; spent twelve years in missionary work in Vermont and Canada East, after which he retired from the active duties of the ministry and settled in Cambridge, N. Y., where he died Oct. 19, 1866. CAMPBELL, Robert Gowen, D. D. : Was born in Lower Chanceford, York Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1862, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained by the same Nov. 24, ’63; was pastor of Martin’s Ferry, Nov., 1863-Sept., ’67; of New Athens, O., 1867-June 8, ’86. He was President of Franklin College 1867-’71, and has been Prof, of Latin and German since 1871. CAMPBELL, Robert Gregg: Was born Ap. 29, 1834, in county Down, Ireland, and came THE MINISTRY. 265 in early youtli to Noblestown, Pa.; graduated at Jefferson in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was li¬ censed May I, 1866, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. I, ’70, by Caledonia; pastor of Lyndon, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., Sept. I, 1870-N0V. 24, ’80; Buffalo, Marquette Co., Wis., June 21, 1882-Mar. 27, ’87. CAMPBELL, Robert K. (A. R.): Brother of James C.; was born May 6, 1832, in Washing¬ ton Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1852, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 4, 1855, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained by the same, Aug. 26, ’56; was pastor of Sycamore, O., Ap., 1856-Ap., ’65; of Greenfield, O., Nov., 1865-70; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and has been pastor at South Salem, O., ever since. Publi¬ cations: Systematic Beneficence, A Sermon, i860; History of South Salem Presbyterian Church, 1873. CAMPBELL, Robert Sleeth (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 16, 1823, Antrim, O.; was graduated at Madison in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny; was li¬ censed Ap. 12, 1854, by the Second Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained June 12, ’56, by Iowa; was pastor of De Witt and Elvira, la., June, 1856-’68; of Homestead, Rock Island Co., Ill., Nov. II, 1872-Ap. 10, ’78; supplied Davenport, la., a year, and died without charge at New Concord, O., Jan. 10, 1880. CAMPBELL, Thomas (A.)*: Cousin of the poet Campbell; was born Feb. i, 1763, in Ireland, and graduated at Glasgow, in Scotland, and studied theology with Dr. Bruce, of Whitburn; was ordained in 1798, and held a pastoral charge for a number of years in connec¬ tion with the Asso. Pres, of Market Hill, Ireland; came to this country in the spring of 1807, and united with the Asso¬ ciate Ch. on the i6th of May; was sent by Synod to the Char- tiers Pres., and was assigned as supply to the Buffalo congre¬ gation. Dr. John Anderson was appointed to assist him in holding a communion in the autumn of 1807. This the Doctor failed to do, and gave to the Presbytery the following reason: “That Mr. Campbell had publicly taught that there 18 266 THE MINISTRY. is not an appropriation of Christ to ourselves in the essence of saving faith; and that we have nothing but human authority or agreement for confessions of faith, testimonies, covenanting and fast days before dispensation of the Lord’s Supper. And as Mr. Anderson judged that these propositions were incon¬ sistent with some articles in our testimony, it appeared most proper not to join with Mr. Campbell in the communion till the matter should be inquired into.” The Presbytery sus¬ tained the reason, and at the next meeting tried Mr. Camp¬ bell for error in doctrine in seven different particulars, found him guilty and suspended him. He appealed to Synod, which, at its meeting in May, 1808, “disapproved of Mr. Anderson’s conduct in said instance, because he had not first written Mr. Campbell on the subject or sought an interview with him, and likewise of the Presbytery sustaining said ex¬ cuse.” After giving a history of the Presbytery’s proceedings the Synod resolved that ‘ ‘ On the ground of the aforesaid ir¬ regularities, they reverse the sentence of suspension passed by them on Mr. Campbell. ’ ’ The Synod then concluded not to send the case back to the Presbytery, but to issue it at once. After much consideration and many explanations by Mr. Campbell, it was finally concluded to rebuke and admonish him. ‘ ‘ After a few remarks he declared his submission, and a brother having been employed in prayer he was accordingly rebuked and admonished by the Moderator, and in this man¬ ner the affair was issued.” Armed with full extracts from the minutes of the Synod, Mr. Campbell returned to the Pres¬ bytery, where a not very welcome reception awaited him. After some debate about the genuineness of the papers he had presented, he resumed the possession of them, and entered a formal declinature of the authority both of the Presbytery of Chartiers and of the Associate Synod. Presbytery at once suspended him, and after due citations, which he disregarded, he was, on the 17th of April, 1810, formally deposed from the office of the Gospel ministry and from the communion of the Associate Church. Mr. Campbell in Aug., 1809, appealed to the pious of all parties by a printed “declaration and address,” inviting all to join him upon the simple platform of the Bible. A con- THE MINISTRY. 267 siderable number responded to the appeal, and a “Christian Association” was organized upon Brush Run, in Washing¬ ton Co., Pa., on the 7th of Sept., 1810, and on the 4th of the following Oct., he made an unsuccessful application to the Presbyterian Synod for ministerial fellowship. He was soon after joined by his distinguished son, the Rev. Alex. Camp¬ bell, who came fresh from the University of Edinburgh, where he had imbibed the views of the Independents from Greville Ewing. And on the 4th of May 1811, the most of those belonging to the Christian Association^ 30 in all, organ¬ ized into a church with no creed but the Bible, and elected Mr. Campbell as their elder, and licensed his son Alexander as a preacher. During the summer a difficulty arose over the baptism of an infant, which, after much discussion, re¬ sulted in the conversion of the Campbells, father and son, and a large portion of the Brush Run congregation, to the regular Baptist views, so that they were all immersed on the 12th of June, 1812, by Elder Euse, of the Baptist Church, and in 1813 they joined the Redstone Baptist Association. The liberal views of the Campbells and their followers, known as Disci¬ ples^ soon began to stir up trouble with conservative Baptists, so that from some congregations they were excluded, and from others they withdrew and organized separate congrega¬ tions, which confederated under the name of the ‘ ‘ Disciples of Christ.” Thus, instead of uniting all believers into one organization upon the platform of the Bible, without any human creed, another sect was started, with a very definite creedy both written and unwritten, and the Campbellite Bap¬ tists are now numbered by the hundred thousand. Mr. Campbell continued to preach in this connection till old age, and died, Jan. 4, 1854, in the ninety-first year of his age, at the residence of his son, in Bethany, West Virginia. CAMPBELE, William Alexander: Was born Nov. 26, 1828, in Eancaster Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Delaware College, Newark, Del., in 1856, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 26, i860, by Philadel¬ phia Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, ’61, by Xenia; was pastor of Clifton, Greene Co., O., Sept., 1861-July 31, ’77, since which he has been the general agent for the endowment of Westminster College. 268 THE MINISTRY. CAMPBELIy, William Taggart, D. D. : Was born July 21, 1836, in Antrim, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Feb. 22, 1871, by Fe Claire Pres., and ordained June 14, same year, by Rock Island; pastor of Little York, Ill., June 1871-Dec., ’74; of Second Church, Monmouth, Ill., since Feb. 25, 1875. Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Education since 1878. CANNING, William T. (A. R.): Was received by the Monongahela Pres., June 29, 1852, from the Free Church of Scotland, of the Province of New’ Brunswick, and passed in the following winter to the State of Mich., where he was pastor of Martyn, April 1854-’7, and then was certified to the Presbyterian Ch., in Canada. CARLILE, William (A. R.): Was born Sept. 4, 1815, in Shippensburg, Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1841, and studied theology in Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1843, ^7 Spring Pres., and or¬ dained by the same Oct. 25, ’48; was pastor of Lower Chance- ford and Hopewell, in York Co., Pa., Oct, 1848-May 15, ’56, since which he has preached as his health would allow, mak¬ ing his home with his sisters in Shippensburg. CARNAHAN, David T. (A. R.): Was born July 5, 1820, in St. Clair, near Pittsburgh; graduated at the Western University in 1840, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1842, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 24, ’45, by the same; was pastor of Lafayette and Mt. Pleasant, in Ind., i845-’47; of the Third Asso. Ref. congregation of Philadelphia, June i, 1848-Aug. 27, ’49; supplied Pottsville, Pa., 1849-51, and was pastor Oct 22, 1851-Sept 28, ’52: was S. S. at Cham- bersburg and Gettysburg 1852’-54; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Baltimore, Gettysburg, and Oil City, Pa., and is now on the Pacific coast. CARNAHAN, George Edw'Ard: Was born, Jan. 27, 1859, Culmerville, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1881, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1885, by Allegheny THE MINISTRY. 269 Pres., and ordained June 15, ’86, by Concordia; pastor of Four Mile, Clay Co., Kan. since ordination. CARSON, David (A.)*: Was born Oct. 25, 1799, in Greencastle, Franklin Co., Pa., and brought up under the ministry of John Find; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1819; studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason until the suspension of the Seminary, and finished under Dr. Banks, in Philadelphia; was licensed Oct. 8, 1823, Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained Nov. II, ’24, by Miami; was pastor of Big Spring, Pistol Creek and Monroe, in east Tennessee, Nov., 1824-Ap., ’34. He was elected Professor of Hebrew and Church History in the Asso. Seminary at Canonsburg in Oct, 1833, and, having accepted, arrived in Canonsburg the following June; but the fatigue and exposure of the journey brought on a lung trouble, from which he died Sept. 25, 1834, before entering upon the active duties of his professorship. Publications: A Review of the Hopkinsian System, and occasional articles in the periodical press. CARSON, David Walker, D. D. (A.): Son of the Rev. David; was born Oct. 21, 1830, at Mary¬ ville, Blount Co., Tenn.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1847, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Jan. 7, 1851, by the Pres, of Chartiers, and ordained Oct. 5, ’52, by the same; was pastor of Service, Pa., 1852-Sept. 5, ’77; was installed Oct. 10, 1878, at Burgettstown, Pa.; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1881. CARSON, James Gillespy, D. D. (A.): Son of the Rev. David; was born near Maryville, Blount Co., Tenn., Feb. ii, 1833; graduated at Jefferson in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 22, 1855, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 13, ’56, by the same; was pastor of South Buffalo, Washington Co., Nov., 1856-May, ’67; of Canonsburg, Oct., 1867-Oct., ’69; of Second Church, Xenia, O., since Dec., 1869. Has been Pro¬ fessor of Homiletics and Pastoral Theology in the Xenia Theological Seminary since 1873. Publications: An Address on the Relation of Church Members to Secret Societies; and articles in the periodical press and several Doctrinal Tracts. 270 THE MINISTRY. CARVER, Thomas G. (A. R.)*: Was born in England; educated and ordained under the auspices of the “Congregational Union of England and Wales;” came to the U. S. during the spring of 1848, and united with the Pres, of New York on the 15 th of June; com¬ menced as S. S. in July in Fall River, Mass., but in Mar., 1849, the church irregularly and joined the Methodist, and soon afterward the Episcopal Church. Died in Harrison, N. Y., in 1886. CASKEY, James (A. R.)*: Was born in 1806 in Rockbridge Co., Va., but the family moved two or three years afterward to Cherr}' Fork, Adams Co., O., where he spent his youth; he was graduated at Miami University in 1831, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1835, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and or¬ dained May 25, ’36, by the same; was installed when ordained as pastor of West Union and Russellville, in Adams Co., O. ; resigned West Union in 1838, and assumed Ripley, in Brown Co.; resigned Russellville in 1851, and died in Ripley Feb. 9, 1854, from prostration following an inflammatory at¬ tack. Publications: Two Sermons in the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. CAW, David (A. R.)*: Was born in Scotland, and educated and ordained in the United Secession Ch.; came to the U. S. in 1832, and joined the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York, and was installed in Feb., ’34, as pastor at Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y. After eight or ten years a trouble sprung up, and the Presbyter}^ at the request of the congregation, dissolved the relation May 14, ’45. During the summer he was certified to the United Secession Ch. of Canada. CHAMBERS, John P. (A. R.): Was born in Ireland, and probably educated there; was licensed Aug. 15, 1849, by the Take Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ by the same May 9, ’50; was pastor of Pine Grove, Venango Co., Pa., Nov. 19, 1850-May 20, ’52; of Middletown, la., June, 1857-Dec., ’62; in 1865 left the church, and is in the Presbyterian Ch. in Iowa without charge. THE MINISTRY. 271 CHERRY, W. B.: Was born Feb. 24, 1848, at New Plymouth, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Mnskingum in 1871, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1874, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Mar. 26, ’78, by Monongahela; was pastor of Nobles- town. Pa., Mar. 26, 1878-June 26, ’83; S. S. Marshalltown, la., 1885- CHRISTY, David Dunbar: Was born Sept. 7, 1835, in Butler Co., Pa.; was educated at Madison and Franklin, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1854, by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Ohio, and ordained by the Presbytery of Saltsburg, (Presby¬ terian Church,) July 3, i860; was pastor of Washington and Centre 1860-63; studied medicine, (homeopathy); was S. S. at Zelienople, Butler Co., 1866-68; pastor of Mountville, Lawrence Co., Pa., 1871-73; settled in Osage Co., Kan., and preaches occasionally and practices medicine. CHURCH, Francis (A.): Was born Nov. 3, 1806, in Newbury, England; was edu¬ cated at Wills’ Academy, in Newbury. In view of the eman¬ cipation of the slaves in the West Indies soon to take place, he went, in 1834, to the island of Barbadoes and engaged in the teaching of the children of the blacks. In the island there were no Presbyterian ministers or churches, so he united with the Wesleyans. As he was in the habit of hold¬ ing meetings in school houses, the Wesley ans insisted upon his entering the ministry; so after studying theology with the Rev. William Fiddler for a couple of years he was licensed in 1841 by the Wesleyan Quarterly Meeting. In Feb., 1844, they sent him as missionary to the island of Trinidad. Here he fell in with the Scotch Presbyterians, and in Feb., 1848, resigned his Wesleyan charge, and on the 29th of Mar., was received by the Presbytery of the Free Church of Scotland, and on the 7th of Dec. was ordained by it, and was pastor of San Fernando until May 12, 1855, when his wife’s health re¬ quired a northern climate. He came to Philadelphia and joined the Asso. Church, having had the Associate Mission in Savannah Grande for two or three years under his care or supervision before leaving Trinidad. Has been pastor of the 272 THE MINISTRY. First Associate congregation in Philadelphia since Jan. lo, 1856. CHRYSTIE, James, D. D., (A. R.)*: Was born in New York city and brought up under the min¬ istry of Dr. Mason and educated at Columbia College. At an early age he married the daughter of a prominent member of the Collegiate Dutch Ch., and united with that church and went into business some time before he became a student of theology. He studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason 1812-15; was licensed in 1815 by the Dutch Classis of New York, and ordained in ’16 by the Classis of Washing¬ ton; was pastor of the Dutch Ch., of Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y., i8i6-’i8; joined the Asso. Ref. Church and was pastor at Newburgh, N. Y., Sept., i8i8-’2i. While pastor at Newburgh he wrote and published his “Strictures upon Dr. Mason’s Plea for Holy Communion on Catholic Princi¬ ples.” In Oct., 1821, he joined the Reformed Presbyterian Church, (Covenanter,) and for many years held a prominent position in that church as pastor and professor of theology, and was then deposed from the ministry in 1858 for immor¬ ality; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 17, 1863. CDAPPERTON, James B. : Was born Nov. 12, 1836, in Hamden, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 28, 1868, by Delaware Pres., and ordained June 22, ’69, by Argyle; was pastor of E. Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., June, 1869-Feb., ’76; and of Ryegate, Ver., June 10, 1876-July 3, ’81; W. 25th St. New York, Sept. 5, 1882.- CEARK, Alexander Downs, D. D., (A. R.):* Was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Dec. 23, 1813, and was early taken by his parents to Belmont Co., O.; entered Franklin College in 1831, and was graduated in 1839; during the greater part of this time he acted as tutor in languages; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed April 30, 1844, by the Second Pres., of O., and ordained Aug., 12, ’46, by the same. He became President of Franklin College and S. S., at New Athens in the spring of 1845, elected Pro- THE MINISTRY. 273 fessor of Biblical Literature and Criticism in the Theological Seminary, in Allegheny in ’47; spent his winters in the Semi¬ nary and summers in the College until ’61, when he dissolved his connection with the College and became pastor of the Sixth Ch., Allegheny. Continued as pastor and professor until his death, Ap. 12, 1884. CLARK, George M. : Was born in Scotand, and educated in Pictou, Nova Scotia; was pastor in Shelbourne, Nova Scotia, for some time, and then came to the U. S. in 1868; was pastor in Bast Boston, Mass., Oct., 1869-July, ’70, and afterward passed to Canada. CLARK, James Armstrong: Was born Dec. 4, 1831, in Roberton Parish, Roxburgh¬ shire, Scotland; was educated at the Free Church Normal College in Edinburgh, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1857, Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 12, ’59, by Butler; was installed at ordination pastor of Prospect and Mt. Chestnut, Butler Co.; released from the latter Feb. 2, 1876, and in its stead installed at Por- tersville. May 5, 1876. CLARK, James Henderson: Was born Sept. 14, 1855, in Guernsey Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Muskingum in 1883, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1886, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’87, by Rock Island; pastor of Little York, Ill., since ordination. CLARK, John Baird (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 18, 1823, Guernsey Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1847, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 28, 1851, by the Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Oct. 19, ’54, and installed by Iowa pastor of Le Claire and connections, where he was killed by lightning July 28, 1855. CLARK, John Barr, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Oct. 9, 1827, near Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1848, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. i, 1851, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained May 12, ’53, by Chartiers; was pastor of Chartiers congrega- 274 THE MINISTRY. tion May, 1853-Sept., ’60; of the Second Ch., Allegheny, Nov. I, i860, until his death. He was colonel of a regiment of volunteers during fourteen months of the civil war; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1865, and Correspond¬ ing Secretary of the Board of Missions to the Freedmen 1863 -’70. Died Jan. 13, 1872, from disease of heart and kidneys. CIvARK, John X. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1782 at Greencastle, Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Dickinson in 1805, and studied theology four years in New York, in the first class which took the whole course; was licensed Sept. 12, 1809, by Big Spring, and was ordained in ’10 by New York; was pastor of the Second Asso. Ref. or Pearl Street congregation, in New York city, 1810- Sept. 30, 1817. He was deposed Ap. 13, 1820, for drunken¬ ness, and restored in Ap., 1822, by the unanimous vote of Pres., and died Sept. 13, 1824, Greencastle, Pa. CLARK, Joseph Lear (A. R.): Was bom June 20, 1827, Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1855, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 13, 1857, by Saratoga Pres., and ordained July 22, ’58, by the same; was pastor of Broad- albin, Fulton Co., N. Y., July, 1858-June 10, ’72; was S. S. for two years at Indianapolis, Ind; pastor of Kerr Ridge and Plumer, Crawford Co., Pa., Oct. 10, i876-June4, ’83; Adams- ville, same county, July 2, 1883- CLARK, Samuel Findley: Brother of John B., of Le Claire; was born in Guernsey Co., O., Ap. 6, 1837; was graduated at Madison in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 13, ’65, by Chicago; was pastor of Wheatland, Ill., Ap., 1865-Oct. ii, ’70; First Ch., Princeton, Ind., Nov. 17, 1870-Ap. 16, ’74; and Nassau and White Oak, la., since Oct. 4, 1878, resigning the latter June 13, ’82. CLARK, Samuel Watt (A. R.)*: Was born May 27, 1816, in Jefferson Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Bethany College, W. Va., 1843, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1846, by Steubenville THE MINISTRY. 275 Pres., and ordained Aug. 3, ’47, by Monongahela; was pastor of St. Clair, near Calcutta, Columbiana Co., O., Aug., 1847- Dec. 14, ’58; served in the Ohio Legislature and Constitu¬ tional Convention; resided at Richmond, O., without charge, where he died Mar. 24, 1881, from paralysis. QlyA^, Thomas, M. D. (A)*: v Was bonriirT^Ta or ’3 in Scotland; was graduated at Glas¬ gow University, where he also took the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and commenced the study of theology in the Asso¬ ciate Hall, and finished after the schism of 1747 in the Burgher Hall under Ebenezer Krskine, and was licensed Ap., 1748, by the Presbytery of Glasgow. He was immediately sent to Ballybay, in Ireland, in answer to a petition from a portion of Mr. Jackson’s congregation (Synod of Ulster), who had seceded because of the Socinianism of their pastor. Here he was ordained and installed July 23, 1751, by the Associate Burgher Presbytery of Glasgow. He labored here with great success, but amid many trials and persecutions. He refused to swear by “kissing the book,” believing it unscriptural; and al¬ though he entered the army while a theological student, and fought against the Pretender, yet he would not take the Oath of Abjuration, because it recognized the king as the head of the Church. Taking the advantage of these things, his So- cinianized Presbyterian enemies had him arrested by the civil authorities Jan. 23, 1754, while in the very act of moderating in a call in the congregation of New Bliss. All that night he was kept under guard in a tavern, and the next day was taken and imprisoned in the jail of Monaghan. From this place of confinement he wrote frequent letters of comfort and instruction to his people, and they freely visited him. He preached to as many of them as could convene every Sabbath, and during his incarceration baptized thirteen infants, and married one couple, who were afterward under his pastoral care in South Carolina. When the day of trial came his com¬ mitment was found to be erroneous and the whole thing a fraud, and he was immediately discharged. He was urged to prosecute his persecutors, with every assurance of success, but he refused, saying: “Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.” 276 THE MINISTRY. In 1763 he received two invitations to visit two settlements in America, one in Rhode Island and the other near Albany, N-. Y. Wearied with his contendings, he regarded these calls favorably, and his Presbytery gave him leave of absence for a year; but when he came to sail from Newry, on the i6th of May, 1764, it was found that the mass of his congregation, to the extent of three hundred souls, were ready to sail with him. After arriving in New York a portion of his parishioners went to Abbeville, South Carolina, where some friends had gone before, while the great majority settled with him in Salem, N. Y. His pastoral relation had never been disturbed; his church had simply been transplanted, and he continued on in Salem as the pastor of the eight ruling elders and one hun¬ dred and fifty communicants and children that had come with him from Ballybay. In the spring of 1782 he resigned his charge; made a year’s visit to his old parishioners in Abbeville, S. C. He then re¬ turned north, identified himself with the Associate Reformed Church, presided as its Moderator in 1783, and missionated for two years. After this he returned to Abbeville county in 1785, and was soon afterward installed pastor of Cedar Spring and Long Cane, where he died of apoplexy on the 25th of Dec., 1792. He was a man of blunt manners and of great eccentricities of character, but he was wholly devoted to the cause of Christ and in active labors exceedingly abundant. Wherever he went and in whatever he was engaged, he preached Christ, and the Lord greatly blessed his labors. He had a marvelous ability in adapting himself to circumstances and in turning them to good. While once preaching, two dogs met in front of the pulpit and began a fight. After they were ejected and quiet restored, instead of going on with his sermon, he asked his people if they knew what those dogs had been doing. He said they had been preaching, and that the subject of their discourse was original sin and the consequences of the fall, and then added some illustrations and applications which they never forgot. On one occasion, while traveling in Vermont, he fell into company with a stranger with whom he rode a good part of the day. Coming at last to a place where their THE MINISTRY. 277 roads parted, they bade each other farewell, and rode each on his own way for a short distance. The Doctor then stopped and called to his fellow-traveler to come back, that they had forgotten something. When met again at the forks of the road the Doctor said: “Sir, we have been traveling together some hours, enjoying each other’s company, and may never meet again. I think it would be well, before parting, to have a word of prayer.” They dismounted, and, kneeling by the roadside, the Doctor made an appropriate and fervent prayer. He then proposed to the other that he should pray. He de¬ clined to do so, and being much importuned at last acknowl¬ edged that he had never prayed in his life. The Doctor would take no denial. He told him that if he had never prayed hitherto it was certainly high time to begin. The man, find¬ ing that there was no escape, kneeled down and said, ‘ ‘ Lord, thou knowest that I can’t pray at all.” “That,” said the Doctor, “is an excellent beginning; only persevere, and you will do well. ’ ’ This was the means of the conversion of that man, who became an active and useful Christian. Sabbath morning once found him in the tavern of a Virginia hamlet, where there was no place for religious worship; multitudes were crowding in from the surrounding neighborhood, and he soon learned that a horse-race was the order of the day. He mingled with the throng, and just before the event was to come off he raised himself into an elevated position, and, with a loud voice, called out: “There is danger, my friends, there is danger here; let us ask God to take care of us and bless us;” and immediately commenced a prayer, which produced a very general and powerful impression. Seeing his advan¬ tage he followed this with a sermon, and when that was over the crowd concluded that it was too late for the race, and dis¬ persed. Publications: Some Letters (4) from the Rev. Thos. Clark, minister of the Gospel, to his congregation at the new meeting house in Ballybay, while prisoner in Monaghan jail, pp. 52, 1754; Plain Reasons, a pamphlet in defence of the use of the Psalms in praise; a Pastoral and Farewell Letter to the Associate Congregation in Ballybay by their Former Pas¬ tor, pp. 72, printed in Salem in 1811. This letter was un¬ finished; he was in the very act of writing it when he died. 278 THE MINISTRY. He had just finished writing, “What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know hereafter. ’ ’ Here his pen dropped from his fingers forever, for he was dead. CLARKE, Matthew (A. R.): Was born Aug. 10, 1823, Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 26, 1851, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 16, ’53, by Blairsville; was pastor of Blairsville, Pa., Aug., 1853-May I, ’55; Bloomington, Ill., Oct. 30, 1856- May 31, ’63; of Laporte, Ind., Oct. 6, 1865-Sept. 30, ’68; had charge of Chase City, Stanton River and Norfolk, Va., 1878-86, under the Freedmen’s Board. He was for some time Professor of Mathematics in Kenyon College, at Gam- bier, O., and principal of the High School, Hyde Park, near Chicago, Ill. CLARKSON, James (A.)*: Was born in Scotland in 1738, and was graduated at one of the universities; studied theology at the Anti-burgher Hall; was ordained July 14, 1772, by the Associate (Anti-burgher) Pres, of Glasgow, and came immediately to this country in obedience to Synodic appointment. He connected himself at once with the Presbytery of Pennsylvania, and was pastor of Muddy Creek, now Guinston, York Co., Pa., Aug. 25, 1773- Mar., 1808, although he was unable for the last three years to do anything except act as Moderator of the Session. The congregation continued to minister to his support until his death, which occurred Oct. 30, 1811. He declined going into the union of 1782, and, in connection with Mr. Marshall, continued the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania. CLARKSON, Thomas Beveridge (A.)*; Son of the Rev. James; was born in 1794 at Guinston, York Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson at Service; was licensed Ap. 4, 1820, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Aug. 13, ’22, by the same; was pastor of Mercersburg, Franklin Co., and McConnells- burg, Fulton Co., Pa., Oct. 8, 1823-Dec., ’27. He remained near Mercersburg in feeble health until the spring of 1836, when he died from consumption. THE MINISTRY. 279 CLAYBAUGH, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born July i, 1803, in Frederick Co., Md., and while yet a child the family moved first to Westmoreland Co., Pa., and then to Ohio. He received his preparatory education in the Chillicothe Academy; was graduated at Jefferson in 1822, and studied theology with the Rev. John Steele, of Xenia; was licensed May 26, 1824, Presbytery of Ohio, and ordained May 18, ’25, by the same; was pastor of Chillicothe, O., May, ’25-39; Oxford, O., 1840-Sept., ’55. He was principal of the Chillicothe Academy 1825-7, professor of theology in the Asso. Ref Seminary, Oxford, O., from 1839 until his death, which occurred Sept. 9, 1855, from scrof¬ ula. His last words were, ‘ ‘ I see the King in His glory. ’ ’ Publications: The Christian Professon, a i6mo. volume; Five Sermons in the Pulpit of the Associate Reformed Church. Dr. Claybaugh was a good scholar, an accomplished professor, an eloquent preacher, a Christian gentleman, and a man of high-toned piety. His health was always feeble, so that he often rose from his bed to go and preach, and the marvel ever was how he accomplished so much in the midst of his physi¬ cal weakness. CLAYBAUGH, Wieeiam M. : Son of the Rev. Dr. Joseph; was born in Chillicothe, O.; was educated at Miami University, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny; was licensed Jan. 4, i860, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Ap. ii, ’61, by Le Claire; was pastor of Iowa City, la., i86i-’2; of Hartford, Conn., Ap. 30, 1863-’5; Third Ch., Boston, Mass., Ap. 18, 1865-’7; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor of Buck Creek, near Ur- bana, O. CLELAND, David M. : Son of Rev. William J.; was born July 2, 1858, in West Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1885, by Sidney Pres., and ordained by Monongahela Ap. 27, ’86; pastor of Mt. Washington, near Pittsburgh, since Dec. 28, 1886. CLELAND, Ebenezer Erskine: Son of the Rev. William J.; was born Aug. 13, 1853, at 28o THE MINISTRY. Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed May 23, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Nov. 12, ’78, by Sidney; pastor of Sugar Run and Unionville, Union Co., O., since ordination. CIvBUAND, John Wieson: Son of Rev. William J., was born June 7, 1855, at West Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, 1882, by Sidney Pres., and ordained Oct. 15, ’83, by College Springs; pastor of Clearfield and Platte Valley, Taylor Co., la., Oct. 15, 1883-Mar. 30,’87; of Wilton, Ill., since Sep. ’87. CUEUAND, Wietiam Johnson (A.)*: Was born Feb. 14, 1814, in Portersville, Butler Co., Pa.; was educated privately, and studied theology* at Canonsburg; was licensed July 7, 1841, by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained May 18, ’43, by Albany; was pastor of the Second Asso. congrega¬ tion of New York May, 1843-Ap. ’46; of West Delhi, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., June, 1847-June, ’63; missionary to Owa- tonna, Freeborn and Wilton, Minn., 1863-’4, and of Wilton until his death, which occured Aug. 31, 1876. CEEMENTS, Alexander (A.)*: Was born in Ireland, educated at Belfast, and licensed by the Pres, of Dungannon. He was received Jan. 20, 1848, by the Asso. Pres, of New York (Stark’s); was called to the new organization, the Fourth Ch., New York, and was ordained and installed May 25, ’48. In 1853 congregation, now known as the Twenty-eighth Street, united with the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York. He declined the union of 1858, and subsequently joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died soon afterward in New York city. CEOKEY, Alexander Wilson: Son of Dr. Joseph; was born in 1842, in Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Wittenberg College, O., in 1864; studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in 1867 by Xenia Pres., and ordained Jan. 23, ’68, by Indiana; S. S. at Indianapolis 1867-8; pastor of Aledo, Ill., 1869-July, ’72; Hamilton, O., June 16, 1874-June 20, ’76; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located in Germantown, Pa. THE MINISTRY. 281 CLOKEY, Joseph, D. D. (A.)*: Was born December 25, 1801, in Dauphin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1822, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed July 4, 1826, by Chartiers Pres., and or¬ dained Sep. 18, ’27, by Muskingum; was pastor from time of ordination of Belmont, McMahan’s Creek and Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson Co., O.; resigned the former two in 1836 and asso¬ ciated Piney Fork with the last; resigned these in 1847. 1840 he passed from the Asso. to the Asso. Ref. Ch.; was pas¬ tor of St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa., 1848-’55; of Springfield, O., Mar. 1855-’75; was Prof, of Pastoral Theology and Sacred Rhetoric in theTheo. Sem. at Xenia 1859-’74, Moderator of the General Assembly of i860. Died suddenly Dec. 8, 1884, from congestion of kidneys. CEOKEY, Joseph W. : Son of Dr. Joseph; was born Feb. 22, 1839, in Jefferson Co., 0 .; was graduated at Wittenberg College, Springfield, O., and afterwards at Jefferson in 1862, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 31, 1863, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’64, by Steubenville; was pastor of Steubenville, O., Sept. 1864-Dec. 28, ’68; of Richmond, Ind., Ap. 28, 1870- June 25, ’72; joined the Presbyterian Ch. Ap. 10, 1873, is pastor of First Ch., New Albany, Ind. COCHRAN, David Calhoun (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. i, 1814, in Harrison Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1842, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1845, Steubenville Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ J^iy 17, ’49) by Mansfield; was pastor at Ellis- ville, Fulton Co., Ill., July, 1851-6; of Twin Grove, Ill., 1857-’62; S. S. of Center, Kan., i866-’8; without charge at Summit, Eeavenworth Co., Kan., where he died Oct., 30, 1883. COCKINS, James M. : Brother of Vincent; was born Oct., 24, 1843, at Hickory-,. Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1867, by Sidney Pres., and was ordained Oct. 6, ’68,, by Monongahela; was pastor of the Fourth Ch., Pittsburgh, 18 282 THE MINISTRY. Oct, i868-May 3, ’71; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Ripley, O. COCKINS, Vincent (A. R.)*: Was born in Washington Co., Pa., in 1827; graduated at Jefferson in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar., 27, 1849, Monongahela Pres., and ordained by the same Dec. 31, ’50; was pastor of the Fourth Ch., Pitts¬ burgh, from his ordination until his death, Dec. 16, 1851. Publications: The Christian, a Living Sacrifice; A Sermon in the Pulpit, Vol. Ill, of the Asso. Ref. Church. COLEMAN, Archibald B. : Was born Nov. 15, 1830, in Indiana Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1859, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained July 8, ’62, by the same; has been pastor of Lebanon, Lincoln Co., Tenn., since July 10, 1868. COLEMAN, William M. : Was born in Ireland and reared in Pittsburgh; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in June, 1857, by Allegheny Pres., (Associate,) and ordained Ap. 12, ’59, by Monongahela; was pastor of Ninth Ch., Pittsburgh, (Birmingham,) Ap., 1859-June 29, ’75, and of W. Alexander, Washington Co., Pa., since Dec. 4, 1877. COLLINS, David Wallace, D. D. (A.): Brother of Dr. Samuel; was born Mar. 31, 1823, Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1845, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 20, 1848, by Miami Pres., and ordained Aug., ii ’49, by Northern Indiana; was pastor of Dalton, O., Jan. 25, 1850-Ap. 20, ’52; Mansfield and Ontario June 23, i854-x4p. 4, ’64; of Blairsville, Pa., Dec. 9, 1865-Ap. ,ii ’82. Is editor of the Christia^i Instructor. Publication: Musical Instruments in Divine worship con¬ demned by the Word of God, pp. 100, 1881. COLLINS, Isaac Wright*: Was born Aug. 25, 1833, at North Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 8, 1861, by Lake Pres., and ordained Mar. 2, 1863, by Chicago; was pastor of THE MINISTRY. 283 Neshannock and W. Salem, in La Crosse Co., Wis., 1862-5; died May 20, 1865, of consumption. COLLINS, Joseph Alexander (A.): Brother of Dr. Samuel; was born Ap. 9, 1829, Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed June 18, 1856, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Aug. 10, ’58, by Shenango; was pastor of Shenan go. Pa., Aug.; iB58-Sept. 15, ’63; associate editor of The Presbyterian Witness^ Cincinnati, 1865-’8; pas¬ tor of Emporia and Americus, Kansas, June 15, 1870-’3; and of Americus, until Aug. 21, ’84; now co-editor of the Chris- tian Instructor. COLLINS, Samuel, D. D. (A.): Was born Sept. 23, 1821, at Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July i, 1846, by Miami Pres., and ordained sine titulo., Sept. 10, ’47, by the same. He spent the first four¬ teen years of his ministry in the Home Mission work, resid¬ ing at Yorkville, Wis. During this time he declined mission¬ ary appointments by his Synod to the Island of Trinidad in 1848, to Oregon in 1850, to California in 1851, and to India in 1853; released from his Home Mission work in Feb. i860; was pastor of Madison, Ind., Feb. i86o-Ap., ’67; one year in the Freedmen’s Mission at Nashville, Tenn.; Assis¬ tant Superintendent and Superintendent of the Board of Pub¬ lication Ap. I, 1868-Jnly 18, ’79; was S. S. of Ohio congre¬ gation, 1874-Ap. ’80, dividing with Cross Creek from Sept. 1877, and pastor of East Palestine, O., Ap., 1880-Dec. 13, ’81. COLVIN, Jesse Snyder: Was born June 17, 1855, at New Haven, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 5, 1882, by Chicago Pres., and ordained June 27, ’83, by Kansas; pastor at North Cedar, Kan., since ordina¬ tion. COMIN, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 13, 1815, near Antrim, Ireland; was gradu¬ ated at Muskingum in 1847, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed in May, 1849, Second Ohio, and or- 284 THE MINISTRY. dained May 28, ’51, by the same; installed at ordination pastor of Salt Creek and East Union, Muskingum Co., O.; demitted the latter in i860, delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1880. Died June 18, 1887. CONNEEEY, Henry (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 5, 1798, near Newville, Pa., but reared from early boyhood near Stewartville, in Westmoreland Co.; was graduated at Washington in 1824, studied theology at Allegheny and Princeton; was licensed Ap. 30, 1829, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 21, ’32, by New York; was pastor of Bloomingburg, Sullivan Co., N. Y., 1832-Aug. 24, ’48. During most of the time he was Princi¬ pal of the Bloomingburg Academy, and during the subsequent part of his life was agent of the American Colonization Soci¬ ety. Died in Newburgh, N. Y., Aug. 8, 1868. He pub¬ lished an amended edition of the Psalms in Metre. CONNER, Abijah*: Son of William; was born in 1830, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; educated at Franklin, and studied theology partly at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1859, ^Y Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 16, ’60, by Wheeling; pastor of Short Creek, Tent and Middle Wheeling, West Va., Oct., 1860-Ap. 14, ’63; missionary to the Freedmen, Memphis, Tenn., 1863-4; pastor of the Second congregation of Washington, la.. Mar., 1865-9; Mar. 7, 1870. CONNER, WiEEiAM (A. R.)*: Was born May 17, 1799, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was edu¬ cated at Jefferson, and studied theology with the Rev. Alex. McCahan; was licensed Ap. 14, 1836, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’37, by the same; was pastor of Unity, Allegheny Co., from Ap. 1837, and of Beulah, Westmoreland, Co., from 1844; resigned Unity and took Bethel, in Westmore¬ land, Ap. 23, ’49; resigned Bethel Ap. 25, 1852, and Beulah in 1857; of Blairsville and Conemaugh Ap., 1859, until his death, which occurred Sept. 28, 1863, from neuralgia of the stomach. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. IV. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. THE MINISTRY. 285 COOKE, William: Was born in county Derry, Ireland; was partly educated at Belfast, Ireland, and graduated at Franklin in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Nov. 10, ’59, by Monmouth; was pastor of Homestead, Ill., Nov., 1859-Ap. ’70; of Scotch Hill, Butler Co., Pa., July, 1873-Ap. i, ’80. COON, Reune Runyon (A. R.): Was born June ii, 1815, in Somerset Co., New Jersey; aca¬ demic classical education, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Oct., 1840, by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained in May, ’42, by Indiana; was pastor of Providence, Frankfort and Mt. Hope, Clinton Co., Ind., May 1842-May, ’48; of Harmony, Peoria Co., Ill., May, 1848-Oct., ’54; returned to the Regular Baptist Ch., in which he had his early training, and is pastor at Sublette, Lee Co., Ill. Publications: Future and Endless Punishment, i2mo., pp. 368, 1850, Cincinnati; A Sermon, in Vol. IV. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. COON, Samuel McClarty (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 3, 1816, in Plum township, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1838, and studied theology at the Presbyterian Sem. in Allegheny; was licensed Oct. 18, 1844, by the Ohio Pres., (Presbyterian,) and ordained Ap. i, ’45, by the same; was missionary under the Free Ch., Canada, 1847-’8; joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was pastor of Bethel and Brush Valley, Indiana Co., Pa., Jan., 1850-Ap., ’55; of Lisbon and Vernon, Wis., Oct., 1855-Ap., ’62; missionary to the Freedmen in Mississippi 1864-5; in Savannah, O., i866 -’7 i, and pastor of Salineville and Mechanicstown, O., Dec., 1871-Ap., ’82. Died Oct. i, 1886. Publication: Tract U. P. Board No. 3, of Publication, pp. 12. COOPER, Ebenezer Calvin: Was born Oct. 23, 1842, in Perry Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed June 20, 1867, by Kans. Pres., and obtained license, sine titulo^ Mar. 18, ’69, by the same; labored as mis¬ sionary and S. S. in the Neosho Pres. Kan. for ten years; pastor of Lincoln and Pretty Prairie, Kingman Co., Kan., 286 THE MINISTRY. Aug. 5, 1879-Ap. 9, ’85; Anthony, Kan., since June 17, ’85. COOPER, James H. : Was born May 3, 1835, near Glenwood, Rush Co., Ind.; was graduated at Miami in 1861, and studied theology one year privately, one year at Xenia, and two years in the Re¬ formed Presbytery Sem. in Philadelphia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1864, by the Ohio Ref. Pres. Presbytery, and ordained Sept. 12, ’66, by the Chicago Presbytery (R. P.); was pastor of Mount Vernon, la.. Sept., 1866-Nov., ’67; Morning Sun, O., Nov., 1867-Oct., ’74. In the autumn of 1870 he and the larger part of his congregation joined the United Presbyterian Church; S. S. at Topeka, Kan., for one year. Joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Mount Vernon, la. COOPER, Joseph Tate, D. D., EE. D. (A.)*: Was born Dec. 26, 1813, in Baltimore, Md.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1834, with the honors of his class, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 4, 1838, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Sept., 25, ’39, by the same; was pastor of the Second Asso. congregation in Phila¬ delphia, Sept., 1839-Aug., 15, ’71; was special missionary to California for one year of this period, and organized the United Presbyterian congregation in San Francisco; was edi¬ tor of the Evangelical Repository for twenty-eight years and co-editor of the Christian Instructor iox three years; was Mod¬ erator of the General Assembly of 1862, and Stated Clerk of the Gen. Ass., 1863-’75, and professor of didactic and polemic theology in the Seminary at Allegheny 1871-’86. He was a delegate to the First Pan-Presbyterian Council in Edinburgh in 1877. Publications: Eectures on Odd Fellowship, i8mo.; The Spiritual Arithmetic, i8mo., pp. 247, 1858; Inquire Vindicated (part of the Webster controversy,) pamphlet, pp. 45, 1843; Ministerial Consecration, a Sermon, 1861; The Friends of an Inspired Psalmody Defended, pamphlet, pp. 28, 1850; Answers to Questions Without Answers, a pamphlet; Sketch of William Bruce, D. D., pp. 100, 1881, and a great number of elaborate and exhaustive editorials during his thirty years of editorial labors. Died Aug. 22, 1886. COOPER, William James: Was born in July, 1842, at Paris, Washington Co., Pa.; ITHE MINISTRY. 287 was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed July 25, 1871, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained June 9, ’74, by Allegheny; was pastor of Mt. Nebo, Allegheny Co., Pa., June, 1874-Ap. ’77; of Reynoldsville, Pa., Aug., 1878-Mar. 25, ’80; of Paris, Pa., since June 15, 1880. COUTTS, David (A.): Was born and educated and licensed in Scotland; was or¬ dained by the Stamford Pres., in June, 1836, and installed pastor of the congregation of Ksquesing, in Canada; he and part of his congregation abruptly left the Associate Synod in Oct., 1842, and joined the United Secession Synod of Canada. COWAN, James P. : Was born May 16, 1847, Richland, Ind., and was gradu¬ ated at Miami and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Sept. 5, 1872, by Indiana Pres., and ordained June 14, ’74, by Des Moines; pastor of Des Moines City, la., June, 1874-Ap., ’78; of Indianapolis, Ind., since July 7, 1880. COWPER, James Steenson (A. R.)*: Was born about 1822 in Dunfermline, in Scotland; was graduated at Union, N. Y., in 1847, studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 22, 1850; by New York Pres., and ordained Jan., 22, ’52, by Washington; was pastor of Oxbow, N. Y., Jan., 1852-Ap. 4, ’54; returned to Scotland, took a pastorate in the Free Church, and died in 1866 at North Queensferry. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. Ill, of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. COX, Widuam Robert: Was born Feb. 24, 1850, near Tarentum, Pa.; was educated at Westminster and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1876, by Brookville Pres., and ordained May ’ 77 ) Cleveland; was pastor of Liberty, O., May, 1877- May I, ’80, and of Red Oak, la., June 2, 1880-Aug, 31, ’86; Lenox, la., since Nov. i, 1886-. Taught two years in the Dayton Academy. CRABBE, Henry Wilson: Was born May 21, 1839, at Canonsburg, Carroll Co., O.; after finishing his Sophomore year he entered the army as a 288 THE MINISTRY. private, and continued in the service until after the battle of Stone River, when he was discharged for physical debility. In about a year he recuperated and re-entered Westminster, where he was graduated in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1867, Sidney Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 22, ’68, by Indiana; was pastor of Shiloh, Henry Co., Ind., Ap., i868-’9; of St. Louis, spring 1869-Sept. 14, ’72; of Buffalo, N. Y., May, 1873-Dec. ii, ’84; ist Mercer, Pa., Aug. 25, 1885-Sept. 27, ’87. CEAIG*„A£RAHAm (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. John; was born in Ireland, and partly edu¬ cated there; was graduated at Dickinson in 1795; studied theology privately; was licensed by First Pres, of Penn., and ordained by the same in 1800; was pastor of Cynthiana, Har¬ rison Co., Ky., i8oo-’6; of Jonathan’s Creek, Rushville and Crooked Creek, O., i8o8-’23; took umbrage at the Synod, and refused to attend Presbyter^’' or Synod, or obey the ap¬ pointments of either, and in 1828 declined the authority of Synod. The Second Pres, of Ohio, by synodic direction, suspended him May 6, 1829, for contumacy and insubordina¬ tion. He died about 1855, in Greene Co., unwept and un¬ honored. CRAIG John (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland about 1744, and was educated in Scot¬ land ; was licensed and ordained by the Associate Ch. of Ire¬ land, and filled a pastorate in it for some twenty years. He came to the U. S. in 1793, and connected with the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania. In the autumn of the year of his arri¬ val he accepted a call to the Big Spring congregation at New- ville. Pa., and entered at once upon the charge. In the spring of 1794 Mr. Logan, of Juniata Co., came as the Com¬ missioner of Pres, to install him, and found him dead, and buried him on the day he was to be installed. CRAIG, John Liggett (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 7, 1828, in Allegheny City; was graduated at Duquesne College in 1846 and at Jefferson in 1847, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 26, 1851, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 12, ’54, by Indiana; THE MINISTRY. 289 was pastor of Princeton, Ind., from Dec. 30, 1854, until his death. He entered the army during the civil war as chaplain of the 17th regiment of Indiana Mounted Veterans, and died July II, 1865, at Macon, Georgia, of camp fever. CRANE, James C. (A. R.)*: Was licensed and ordained as a domestic missionary in May, 1817, by the Pres, of New York, and in 1820 was dis¬ missed to the Presbyterian Church. CRAWFORD, Archibald; Was born Sept. 24, 1836, in Ireland; was graduated at An¬ tioch College, Yellow Springs, O., and studied theology at the Presbyterian Sem. at Auburn, N. Y.; was licensed by the Presbyterian Pres, of Cayuga, N. Y., Sept. 3, 1861; returned to Ireland, and was ordained Oct. 15, ’64, by the Pres. 01 Cavan. After a short pastorate in Ireland returned to the U. S., and was pastor of the United Presbyterian congrega¬ tion of Newark, N. J., Oct. i, 1869-Ap. i, ’77; of the Fourth Ch., Philadelphia, May 3, 1879-Oct. 30, ’83. CRAWFORD, John, D. D. (A. R.): Was born in the town of Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., May 8, 1827; was graduated at Union in 1847, among the very highest on the merit roll of a class numbering eighty- five graduates; studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 30, 1852, by Washington Pres.; after spending several years in the home missionary field he was appointed, in June, 1856, by the Synod of New York, as missionary to Syria. In view of this he studied medicine the next winter in Philadel¬ phia, and was ordained Ap. 13, ’57, by Washington Pres.; sailed Oct. i, and arrived at Damascus Nov. 26, and has re¬ mained in Syria ever since. When the Syria Mission was transferred to the Presbyterian Ch. of Ireland, his ecclesiasti¬ cal relations were not changed. CRAWFORD, Luke Irwin: Was born in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westmin¬ ster in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 4, 1861, by Mercer Pres., and ordained June 16, ’64, by Ee Claire; pastor of Wyoming, Jones Co., la., June, i864-’9; Sandy Fake and Utica and Sandy, Mercer Co., Pa., installed 290 THE MINISTRY. July I, 1870; resigned Utica in ’73, Sandy July, ’74, and Sandy Lake Aug. 12, ’79; was also editor of the weekly paper at Sandy Lake. John_(A.£:, Was born in 1754, in Perth, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow, and studied theology in the Theo. Hall of the Gen. Asso. Synod; was licensed in Scotland in 1786, and came to this country in 1790; supplied the Asso. Ch. in New York city for a year, and was then ordained and installed its pastor Oct. 12, ’92; remained pastor until ’94 or ’95; pastor of the Asso. congregation in Rockbridge Co., Va., until 1803; Dec. 14, 1803, he accepted a call from Fairfield and Donegal, in Westmoreland Co., Pa., and entered immediately upon the duties of the pastorate. Arrangements were made for his in¬ stallation, but a trouble sprung up in the Pres, which inter- ferred with the carrying of them out, and before new measures could be taken he died, so that he was never formally installed, although two years and a half in the charge. He died Ap. i, 1806. CRESWELL, Robert Johnson: Was born July 23, 1844, in Fairview, W. Va.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at New¬ burgh; was licensed Sept, ii, 1869, Pres, of Tenn., and ordained Dec. 26, ’71, by Delaware; was pastor of Mere¬ dith, Delaware Co., N. Y., Dec., 1871-’73; was connected for a time with the Freedmen’s Mission in Tenn., and was Prin¬ cipal of Andes Collegiate Institute 1873-’74; was for a season lecturer of the New York State Temperance Society; passed in 1875 to the Presbyterian Ch., and has had several charges in Dakota and Minnesota. CRISWELL, Robert C. : Was born Mar. i, 1849, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, by the Beaver Valley Pres., and ordained Ap. 17, ’78, by Muskingum; pastor of Lebanon, Guernsey Co., O., Ap. 17, 1878-Oct. 21, ’85; Ontario, O., since June 8, 1886. THE MINISTRY. 291 CROSBIE, Alexander Hodder: Was born Mar. 5, 1855, in Washington, Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1878, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1881, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 3, ’81, by Philadelphia, pastor at Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., Nov. 3, 1881-May 22, ’87; 119th St., New York, since Sep. 1887- CROTHERS, Samuel, D. D., (A. R)*: Was born Oct. 22, 1783, in Franklin Co., Pa., and his father’s family removed to Kentucky in 1787; was educated at Lexington Academy, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed Nov. 9, 1809, by the Ken¬ tucky Pres., and ordained Jan. 31, ’ii, by the same; was in¬ stalled pastor of Chillicothe and Hop Run, (Greenfield,) O., at ordination; resigned the former in ’13 and the latter Ap. 10, ’18; went to Winchester, Ky., in 1818, and preached and taught there for a year. He did not sympathize with the movement to make the Asso. Ref. Synod of Scioto indepen¬ dent of the General Synod; so in 1819, while in Kentucky, he united with the Presbyterian Ch., and came back to Green¬ field, O., and organized a Presbyterian Ch., mainly from his old Hop Run congregation. He was pastor of this new or¬ ganization from June 24, 1820, until his death, which occurred July 20, 1856, from apoplexy, while on a visit to a son at Oswego, Ill. Publications: Gospel of the Jubilee, i8mo., pp. 222, 1839; Abraham, i2mo., pp. 220, 1847; numerous sermons and pamphlets, mostly in opposition to slavery. CROWE, James: Was born Mar. 13, 1824, Manorcunningham, county Donegal, Ireland; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 4, i860, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Nov. 20, ’60, by Philadelphia; pastor of the Ninth Ch., Philadelphia, since his ordination. He had been in business in Philadelphia and had been or¬ dained a ruling elder in the Second Asso. congregation before he entered college in 1854. CROWE, Nelson K. : Was bom Dec. 15, 1830, at Princeton, Ind.; was graduated 292 THE MINISTRY. at the State University of Indiana, and studied theology at New Albany, Ind., (Presbyterian); was licensed in Ap. 1855, by the Presbytery of O., (Ref. Pres.), and was ordained Jan. 15, ’57, by the Western Presbytery of that church, as pastor of Unity and Hill Prairie, la. In 1866 he united with the United Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Walton, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., 1868-July, 1872, after which he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now at Oak Ridge O. CUMMINS, Cyrus (A.)*: Was born July 10, 1812, in Kishacoquillas valley, Mifflin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1840, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1844, Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Oct. 23, ’46, by Miami; was installed pastor of Caesar’s Creek and Sugar Creek, Greene Co., O., at ordination, and demitted the latter in ’53 and the former in Ap., ’61; of Mt. Jackson, Lawrence Co., Pa., Oct., 1861-Sept., ’69; installed at Bethel and Clarks¬ ville, Mercer Co., Pa,, Ap., 1870; demitted the latter in Dec., ’ 76, and associated Lebanon with the former. Resigned both Aug. 25, ’85. Died Sept., 12, 1887, of apoplexy. Publica¬ tions: Against Affinity Marriages, pp. 12, 1869; A Thanks¬ giving Sermon, 1868. CUNNINGHAM, John D., (A.)*: Was born in 1816 near Hickory, Washington Co., Pa., but his father’s family soon afterward moved to a farm near New Concord, O.; was graduated at Washington in 1839, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1843, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 16, ’44, by Stamford; was pastor of Esquesing, in Upper Canada, 1844-May, ’48; was domestic missionary in Iowa for four or five years; in July, 1853, installed pastor of Otter Creek, in Jackson Co., la., and in the summer of ’60 he and his congregation withdraw from the United Presbyterian Presbytery of Le Claire and connected themselves with the residuary Associate Synod. In 1874 he and his congregation left Otter Creek, and going as a colony settled in Wayne Co., la., where he died in 1876. CUNNINGHAM, Robert John: Was born May 28, 1850, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; educated THE MINISTRY. 293 privately and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. II, 1876, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Aug. 23 of the same year by Argyle; pastor of East Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., Aug. 23, 1876-Ap. ’87, joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located at Cawfordsville, Ind. CUNNINGHAM, Thomas M., D. D., (A. R.)*: Was born in 1829, New Concord, O., was graduated at Muskingum in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1851, by the Second Pres., of O., and or¬ dained Oct. 12, ’52, by First Illinois; was pastor in St. Eonis, Mo., Ap. i 853-’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and held pas¬ torates in Chicago, and Indianapolis, and Philadelphia, and San Francisco; and died in Oakland, Cal., Feb. 22, 1880. CURRIE, David (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 21, 1793, in Moffat, Scotland, and princi¬ pally educated in his native country; studied theology one year, 1823-’4, Princeton Seminary; was licensed Aug. 31, 1824, Saratoga Pres., and ordained Jan. 5, ’26, by the same; was pastor of Sterling, Cayuga Co., N. Y., May ii, 1826-June 20, ’42; recalled and again pastor Oct. 20, 1846- June 29, ’53; was then for a number of years Country Super¬ intendent of Common Schools, and died at Sterling Valley, Feb. 22, 1875. Publications: Two Sermons in the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. CURRIE, Ebenezer*: Brother of Walter P.; was born at Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O., Feb. 10, 1834; united with the church when fifteen years old; was graduated at Miami in 1861, and studied the- olog}^ at Xenia; was licensed June 24, 1862, by Xenia Pres,, and ordained Oct. 8, ’63, by the same; sailed Mar. 4, 1865, as a missionary for Egypt, and died in Alexandria, Oct. 18, 1869, from Syrian fever contracted in Palestine. Nature, culture and grace had specially fitted him for the missionary work. CURRIE, Walter Pinkerton (A.): Was born Ap. ii, 1828, in Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 29, 1855, by Miami and ordained Sept, 23, 4 ^^ 294 THE MINISTRY. ’58, by Northern Illinois; was pastor of Hanover, Jo Daviess Co., Ill., 1858-’66; eight years a home missionary; and pas¬ tor of Carnahan’s Creek, Kan., Ap. 6, 1876-June 20, ’83; in¬ firm, resides at Garrison, Kan. CURRY, William Wallace: Was born Dec. 14, 1848, near Centreville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed May 6, 1873, by Cleveland Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’75, by Beaver Valley; was pastor of East Palestine, O., Ap., 1875-Ap., ’78; of Bruce, TVT__ -00, T\/r_ Was born Ap. 3, 1718, in Ayrshire, Scotland, and studied .theology with the Rev. John McMillan; he was licensed May 16, 1744, and ordained, sine tituto^ Oct. 6, ’44, by the Ref. Pres, of Scotland, then consisting of John McMillan, Thomas Nairne and Alexander Marshall. In 1750 he was sent to Ire¬ land and preached to the little societies of Old Dissenters or Convenanters which were scattered through the northern counties of that island. On the 20th of June, 1751, he sailed from Derry Loch for America, and landed on Monday, 5th of Aug., at New Castle, on the Delaware. This was undertaken, most probably, at his own suggestion, but by the direction of his Pres. There were at this time over five hundred Coven¬ anters, adults and minors, scattered through that portion of eastern Pennsylvania now covered by the counties of Chester, Lancaster, Dauphin, York, Adams, Cumberland, Franklin and Fulton. Mr. Cuthbertson visited all these within the first month, preaching to eleven different clusters. He went over this circuit every year for many years, and generally held an annual communion in some central place to which all resorted. The first was held Aug. 23, 1752, at Stony Ridge, Cumberland Co., when about two hundred and fifty communed, and the services on the Sabbath lasted for nine hours. He was about one-third of his time in the saddle, and in addition to his regular circuit, he visited Orange Co., N. Y., three times, and Washington Co. twice, and at least once some little clusters of families in Connecticut, Rhode Island and New Hampshire, and as far westward as Washington Co., Pa. THE MINISTRY. 295 Ill Dec. 1773, Matthew Lind and Alexander Dobbin came from Ireland to his assistance, and these three, with several . ruling elders, organized. Mar. 10, 1774, the Reformed Pres¬ byterian Pres, of America, at Paxtang, six miles east of Harrisburg, Pa. He now confined his labors principally to Chester, Lancaster and York Cos.; went with his Pres, into the union of 1782 with the Asso. Pres., and continued in the communion of the Asso. Ref. Ch. until his death, which. occurred Mar. 10, 1791. He was buried in the LoweirOcto- raro graveyard, where his tombstone can still be seen. After 1783, when he gave up Octoraro to Mr. Smith, he remained the nominal pastor of Lower Chanceford, in York Co., and Muddy Run, in Lancaster. The probabilities are that he was never formally installed anywhere, but sustained a paternal rather than pastoral relation to all the congregations which he served. His diary, which is now in the possession of the Rev. Joseph Buchanan, of Steubenville, O., shows that in America he preached on 2,452 days, baptized 1,806 children, married 204 couples, and rode on horseback about 70,000 miles, nearly equal to three times around the world. DALES, John Blakely, D. D., LL.D., (A. R.): Was born in Delaware Co., N. Y., Aug. 6, 1815; was grad¬ uated at Union in 1835, and studied theology at Newburgh, N. Y.; was licensed May 15, 1839, by the Pres, of New York, and June 4, 1840, ordained and installed by the same as pas¬ tor of the First Asso. Ref. congregation of Philadelphia, Pa., which office he still retains. Was editor of the Christian In- stritctori^^ 6 -yS\ was Prof, in Newburgh Theo. Sem. 1867-76; was Moderator of the Gen. Ass. of 1867, and has been Cor. Sec. of the United Presbyterian Board of For. Mis. since 1859. E)el- gate to the Presbyterian Council in 1880. Publications: “ Ro¬ man Catholicism, ” a Sermon, 1842; “ The Dangers and Duties of Young Men,” 1851; History of the Asso. Ref. Ch. and of its Missions, in The Church Memorial, 1859; Biographical Sketches of Dr. John Mason and Dr. Thomas Clark, in Sprague’s Annals; A number of special articles, historical and biographical, in the Instructor^ in addition to his num¬ erous editorials; The Gospel Minister, a Sermon, in Vol. V. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Ch.; Memorial Sermon on the 296 THE MINISTRY. Fortieth Anniversary of his Pastorate, 1881; History of the United Presbyterian Ch. in Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia, 1883. DALZEEE, William (A. R.)*: Was born in county Down, Ireland, Oct. 31, 1820, and came to America in 1827; graduated at Duquesne Col¬ lege in 1845, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May II, 1848, by the Asso. Ref Pres, of the Lake, and or¬ dained and installed Jan. 30, ’50, by the same as pastor 01 Crooked Creek; resigned Oct. 10 of the same year, and spent two years as missionary in Iowa; pastor of Mansfield and On¬ tario, O., i 853-’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1857, and served two years at Kenton, O.; six years at Hanover and connections; three years at Corinth and Monroeville; four years at Madison and Clarkson; three years at Mineral Ridge. His health finally failed him, and he retired to Niles, O., where he died Sept. 21, 1877. DAVIDSON, Robert Jackson: Was born July 24, 1852, in Thompsonville, Conn.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 10, 1881, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Sept. 26, ’82, by Bloomington; pastor of Oak Grove, McLean Co., Ill., Sept, 1882-Ap. 8, ’85; Henderson, Ill., July 5, 1885- DA VIDSON, William, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in Brooke Co., W. Va., Oct. 2, 1817; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1839, and studied theology with the Rev. William Neil; was licensed at High Ridge, Belmont Co., O., by the Ref. Dis. Pres, in Sept., 1840, and ordained at the same place and by the same Pres, in May, ’43; was pastor of the congregations at Vienna and College Comer, Ind., and Carthage and Piqua, O. In Mar., 1848, he joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., and succeeded Dr. McDill as pastor in Hamilton, O., where he died July 21, 1875, after having been thrown aside from active duties for more than a year by par¬ alysis. Publications: Several Sermons and Addresses, and after his death a i2mo volume upon the Parables. DAVIS, James Porter: Was born Oct. 31, 1842, at South Shenango, Crawford Co., THE MINISTRY. 297 Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theol¬ ogy at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1871, by the Lake, and ordained Sept. 3, 1872, by Frankford; was pastor of Hookstown and Tumblinson Run, Sept., 1872-Aug., ’74; of Mt. Prospect, Washington Co., Pa., June 29, 1875-Ap., 13, ’86; Springfield, Mercer Co., Pa., Jan. 18, 1887- DA VIS, Thomas D. : Was graduated at Brskine College, Due West, S. C., in 1856; was licensed by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Memphis in 1858; received by the Pres, of Kansas in June, 1859, ordained by the same in ’61; was S. S. Uniontown and Franklin mission stations i86i-’63; pastor of Hopewell, in Perry Co., Ill., 1864-’68; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located at Camp Point, Ill. DEFRAEST, David R. (A.)*: Was born in Greenbush, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., in 1785; was educated at New Brunswick, N. J., and was licensed by the Dutch Classis at New Brunswick in 1818; was pastor of Cato, Cayuga Co., N. Y., 1821-5; was received Sept, ii, 1833, by the Asso. Pres, of Albany. He traveled through the church for a few years, and then retired to Troy, N. Y., where he died in 1851. DENHAM, Alexander (A. R.)*: Was born in 1773, in Ireland; was educated in Scotland; was licensed and ordained by the Asso. Pres, of Down, Ire¬ land; landed in New York in Jan., and was received by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York on the ist of May, 1805; was appointed as S. S. for one year in the congregations of Little Britain and Bloomingburg, in Orange Co.; was called in March of 1806 to the pastorate of Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y.; entered upon his duties in July, and was installed as pastor on the 23d of the following Oct. In the autumn of 1823 resigned and moved to New York, but a year after¬ ward, at the solicitation of many of the congregation, he re¬ turned, preached during the winter, received and accepted a call May 23, 1825, a strong protest against his installa¬ tion from a large part of the officers and members of the con¬ gregation was presented to Pres, at its meeting on the 3d of Nov. He returned the call, went back to New York, united 19 298 THE MINISTRY. with the Ref. Dutch Ch. in 1827; remained three years in its ministry without any charge; then abandoned the duties of the ministry and gave all his time to secular business, and died in 1848. DICE, John Smith: Was born Nov. 12, 1844, in Poland, Mahoning Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 27, 1872, by the Pres, of Mercer, and ordained Ap. 21, ’74, by Beaver Valley, and in¬ stalled pastor of Bethel, in Eawrence Co., Pa., where he still is. DICK, Jeremiah Murray (A. R.): Son of the Rev. Mungo; was born in Sewickly township, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Mar. 5, 1818; was graduated at the Western University in 1837, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1841, by Blairsville Pres., and spent nearly ten years as a missionary in the west; then he was ordained Nov. 12, ’51, and has spent the remainder of his ministry in Oregon. DICK, John, Norman, D. D. (A. R.): Son of the Rev. Mungo; was born June 26, 1822, in Sewickly, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1840, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 25, 1843, Blairsville Pres., and ordained Oct. 16, ’49, by the Eakes; was pastor of Kittan¬ ning, Pa. (with Worthington till ’54), Oct., 1849-Feb., ’76; of Bethel, Westmoreland Co., since Ap., 1877. Publication: A Sermon before a Society in Jefferson College. DICK, Mungo, (A. R.)*: Was born in 1772, in Fifeshire, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, where he took every honor of his class except one; studied theology in the Burgher Semi¬ nary, and was licensed by the Asso. Burgher Pres., of Perth. Came to this country in the summer of 1804, and in Sept, of that year joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York, but passed west of the mountains almost immediately, and was ordained, sine Ap. 10, 1806, by Monongahela, and in¬ stalled Ap. I, 1807, as pastor of Sewickly, Mt. Pleasant and THE MINISTRY. 299 Dennistontown, Westmoreland Co. In 1816 he resigned Dennistontown, and in Sept., 1823, Mt. Pleasant. In 1824 he took the charge of Brush Creek (now Bethel), in Westmore¬ land Co., for half time, which he resigned Ap. 14, 1835, and was also released from Sewickly Ap. 27, 1836, and died May 2, 1839. During the years 1829-30, between the death of Dr. Joseph Kerr and the election of Dr. J. T. Pressly, he was appointed pro. tern. Professor of Theology. DICKEY, Charles Andrews, D. D. : Was born Dec. 25, 1838, in Wheeling, West Va.; was grad¬ uated at Washington in 1858, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by Wheeling Pres.; or¬ dained Ap. 8, ’62, by Allegheny; pastor of the Fourth Ch., Allegheny, Ap., 1862-Ap., ’69; united with the Presbyterian Ch., and pastor of the First Ch., St. Eouis, Mo., 1869-75; of Calvary, Philadelphia, since 1875. DICKEY,^Ebenezer D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 12, 1772, near Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., where his grandparents had settled when they came from Ire¬ land. He was called Ebe^tezer by his parents from a grateful recognition of the merciful providence of God, and from his birth his mother’s earnest prayer was that he might be a faithful minister of the gospel. He was graduated with honor in 1792 by the University of Pennsylvania, and studied the¬ ology with the Rev. John Smith, of Octararo, Pa.; was licensed in 1794 by the First Pres., of Pennsylvania, and or¬ dained by the same in ’96, and installed as pastor of Oxford for the three-fourths and Octoraro for the one-fourth of his time. At the so-called union of 1822 Mr. Dickey went with his Presbytery into the Presbyterian Ch. This terminated his connection with Octoraro, which joined the Associate Church, but Oxford went with him, and he remained its pas¬ tor until his death. May 31, 1831. Of this congregation his father and grandfather had been ruling elders, and his son became his successor in the pastorate. Publications: A Tract to Parents, published by the American Tract Society; A Plea for Christian Communion; Travels in Europe for Health. 300 THE MINISTRY. DICKEY, John (A. R.)*: Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Wash¬ ington, Pa., and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1829, Pres., of Monongahela, and ordained Sept. 30, ’30, by the same, and installed pastor at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., where he remained until his death, in Mar., 1839. DICKEY, John P. (A.): Was born in Ireland; was educated at the Western Univer¬ sity, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed May 29, 1833, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained June, 4, ’34, by Allegheny, and installed as pastor of Turtle Creek, Bethel and Freeport. The autumn of that same year he visited Ire¬ land, expecting to be chosen co-pastor with his father, and left behind him a conditional resignation of his charge; as he never returned, the pastoral relation was formally dissolved by Presbytery the next summer. He still (1881-) holds a pas¬ toral charge in Ireland. DICKIE, John (A.)*: Was born in 1783 in Ireland; was graduated at the Univer¬ sity of Glasgow, and studied theology at the Asso. Hall under Prof. Bruce, of Whitburn; was licensed in 1805 by the Asso. Pres, of Newton-Eimavady, Ireland; arrived in the U. S. in the spring of 1807; was ordained May 13, ’ii, by the Pres, of Ohio, and installed pastor of the congregations of Kittanning, Buffalo, Upper Piney and Rich Hill, in Armstrong Co., Pa.; resigned these one after the other, except the last, which he retained until his death, which occurred Aug. 24, 1849, from dropsy. Publications: Slavery, examined in the light of the New Testament. DICKSON, David French : Grandson of David French; was born July 9, 1847, ^^^.r Venice, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at West¬ minster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, ’77, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Ap. 13, ’80, by the Eakes; pastor of Shenango, Mercer Co., June 17, 1880-Feb. 13, ’83; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at East Palestine, O. THE MINISTRY. 301 DICKSON, James (A.)*: Was born Dec. 29, 1804, near Newville, Pa., and in 1806 the family moved to Westmoreland Co. He was converted under the ministry of John Walker, of New Athens, O., and baptized by him in 1826. When he proposed to study for the ministry his father refused to aid him, upon the ground that the profession was not lucrative. He was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensrd in Oct., 1835, by the Pres, of Muskingum, and ordained Nov. 9 ) ’ 37 ) t)y Miami, and installed as pastor of Raccoon, Ind., now Portland Mills, which he retained until his death, Nov. 9, 1865. He declined going into the union of 1858, and was elected in 1862 by the residuary Asso. Synod as their Prof, of Theology. DICKSON, Thomas (A. R.): Was received from the United Presbyterian Ch. of Upper Canada, Ap. 30, 1855, by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Illi¬ nois; S. S. of Caledonia, Switzerland Co., Ind., 1858-’62; pastor of Wheatland, Will Co., Ill., May 14, 1862-’65; re¬ ceived a dismission to leave the country, and the last known of him he was in the island of New Zealand. DICKSON, William (A. R.)*: Often written Dixon; was born about 1760, in Ireland, and received his literary and part of his theological education in Scotland; came as a teacher to South Carolina, and was re¬ ceived in 1794 by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of the Carolinas and Georgia as a student of theology, and finished his course with Peter McMullan, of Due West; was licensed in 1795 by his Pres., and ordained June 5, ’97; was pastor of King’s Moun¬ tain, Turkey Creek and Bullock’s Creek, York district, S. C., 1797-Mar. 26, 1828; on the 2ist of Sept, 1802, he and Peter McMullan declined the authority of the Asso. Ref. Ch., and Jan. 12, 1803, were received into the Asso. Ch. He died in Nov., 1831. DIGHT, John M. : Was born May 30, 1843, Mercer Co., Pa.: was graduated at Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa., 1874; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 13, 1879, by Lake Pres., and ordained June 8, ’80, by Allegheny; pastor Mt. Pleasant 302 THE MINISTRY. and Evansburg, Butler Co., since ordination; was Superin¬ tendent of Public Schools of Mercer Co., 1875-8. Publica¬ tion: An Address before the County Teachers’ Institute, 1876. DINSMORE, James (A.): Was received in Nov., 1853, by the Asso. Pres, of New York (Bullions), as a licentiate from the Presbyterian Ch. of Ireland, and was ordained Mar. i, ’54, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Sixth Ch., Eleventh street. New York, 1854-’9; Law¬ rence, Mass., Oct. 18, 1859-Ap. 16, ’62; returning to New York and engaging in secular pursuits, his name was dropped from the roll in the autumn of 1866. He was in 1880 a dyer in the city of New York. DINWIDDIE, James Lemonte, D. D. (A. R.)*: Grandson of David Dunwoody, the first Covenanter ruling elder ordained in this country (1754); was born Feb. 23, 1798, near Gettysburg, Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1816, and studied theology in New York; was licensed in May, 1820, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained by the same Nov. 22, ’20; was pastor in Mercer and connections. Pa., Nov., 1820-May, ’34; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of one of its Philadelphia churches 1834-41; returned to the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was pastor of the Second Ch., Pittsburgh, Mar., 1843-4; Sept. 13, 1843, elected to the Profes¬ sorship of Biblical Literature and Sacred Criticism in the Al¬ legheny Theo. Sem.; had an attack of paralysis of the brain in Feb., 1846, which unfitted him for all public duties. In Jan., 1849, he had another attack, and in a few hours died. POBBIN, Alexander (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 4, 1742, in Londonderry, Ireland: was edu¬ cated in literature and theology in the Glasgow University, v^d was licensed and ordained, within six weeks, in 1773, by the Convenanter Presbytery of Ireland, with the special de¬ sign of coming with Mr. Lind to America. He landed at New Castle, Del., in Dec., 1773, and with Messrs. Cuthbert- son and Lind organized at Paxtang, Dauphin Co., Pa., Mar. 10, 1774, the Reformed Presbyterian Presbytery of America; was pastor of the congregation of Rock Creek, now Gettys¬ burg, Adams Co., Pa., 1774-1809, together with the Covenan¬ ter congregation near Greencastle for one-fourth time until THE MINISTRY. 303 the union of 1782, and half-time to Marsh Creek after Mr. Murray’s death. He maintained, 1788-99, a private classical boarding school in his own house, which became very popu¬ lar, in which over sixty professional men were classically educated, of whom twenty-five were clergymen. He was re¬ garded as one of the very best Latin, Greek and Hebrew scholars in the country, and before the establishment of the Theo. Sem. in New York was regarded as the Theological Professor of his church, not by any appointment of Synod, but by the voluntary choice of the students. He was the first Moderator of the General Synod of the Associate Reformed Church at its organization in 1804. In Oct., 1808, he had a severe hemorrhage of the lungs, which settled into consump¬ tion and terminated fatally June i, 1809. DODDS, David: Was born Dec. 19, 1838, at Prospect, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 26, 1871, by Butler Pres., and ordained June 4, ’72, by the same; was pastor of Bast Brady and Fairview, Butler Co., June, 1872-Ap. 20, ’73; Fairview alone till May 20, ’77; North Page, la., since Jan. i, 1878. DODDS, James: Was born Oct. 10, in 1838, in Roxburghshire, Scotland; emigrated to Canada West; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Knox Seminary, in Toronto, and at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1870, by Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained Mar. 14, ’72, by Wisconsin; pastor of Vernon, Wis., Mar., 1872-June 13, ’78; of Oxford, O., June 10, 1879-Mar. I, ’81; Beechburg, Armstrong Co., Pa., Dec. 16, 1884-Sept. 6, ’87. DODDS, James Ezra*: Was born June 27, 1840, near Prospect, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 26, 1872, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept., 22, ’74, by Butler; pastor of Mt. Varnum and West Unity, Sept, 1874-Ap. ’77; died Ap. 9, 1877. DODDS, Robert Clarence: Was born June 10, 1853, near Clintonville, Venango Co., 304 THE MINISTRY. Pa., and was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed, Ap. 4, 1882, by Butler Pres., and ordained, Ap. 17, 1883, ^7 same; pastor of Sunbury and Mt. Varnum, Butler Co., Pa., Ap., 1883-Dec. 30, ’85; Buffalo, N. Y., Feb. 23, 1886- DOIG, James Roeea, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Ap. 29, 1812, in Salem, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1837, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1841, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 21, ’42, by Richland; was pastor of Dalton, O., 1842-48; of Cadiz, O., May 1850-autumn, ’52 ; of Grande Prairie and Ainsworth, la., i865-’6, and of Ains¬ worth alone till ’69; of Pratt Creek, Benton Co., la., 1875, until his death. Was Prof, in Franklin College 1848-’55; was President of Washington College, la., 1855-64, and Prof, in Monmouth College, 1869-74. Died Nov. 5, 1881. DOIG, Robert Timothy: Was born Oct. 30, 1842, in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was educated at Westminster, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May i, 1867, by the Pres of Delaware, and or¬ dained Oct. 29, ’68, by the same; pastor of West Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y., since Oct., 1868. DONALDSON, James: Was born Ap. 8, 1820, in Ceres, Fifeshire, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh in 1848, and studied theology in the United Presbyterian Hall in Edin¬ burgh; was licensed by the United Presbyterian Pres., of Edinburgh, Sept. 14, 1852; performed probationary and mis¬ sionary work in Scotland and Shetland 1852-’6; evangelistic work in New York city 1857-61; S. S. of the Presbyterian churches at Frostburg and Lonaconing in Maryland; or¬ dained June 3, 1862, by the North River Pres., of the Pres¬ byterian Ch.; pastor at Salt Point, Dutchess Co., N. Y., 1862-3; City Missionary in Montreal, Canada, 1863-6; pas¬ tor of the Canadian Presbyterian churches of East and West Adelaide, Middlesex Co., Ontario, Canada, i867-’7i; Port Burwell and Vienna, Can., 1871-’3; Wardsville and New- burg. Can., i875-’9; joined the Stamford Presbytery of the THE MINISTRY. 305 United Presbyterian Cb., in 1880, because of a change of views on Secret Societies. DONALDSON, John (A.)*: Was born in 1787 in Coupar-Angus, Scotland; was gradu¬ ated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology in the Associate Hall; was licensed in 1814, came to America in 1816, and was ordained Mar. 26, ’17, by Cambridge Pres.; pastor of Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 1817-Feb. 22, ’20; Yellow Creek, Glade Run and Scroggsfield, O., May 17, 1823-Dec. 10, ’34; joined the Asso. Ref. Ch. in 1836, and was S. S. of New Lebanon and Mechanicstown, in the Pres, of Steubenville, for five or six years; in 1847 joined Asso. Pres., of Cambridge, (Bullions,) and when the two Associate Synods united in 1854 he was attached to Muskingum Pres.; refused to go into the union of 1858; adhered to the residu¬ ary Synod, and died Dec. 31, 1871, from apoplexy. Publica¬ tions: The Glory of Heaven, pp. 300; The Doctrine of Elec¬ tion, 1841, pp. 72. DONALDSON, John McBurney*: Was born May, ii, 1837, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1862, by Frank¬ fort Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’65, by Butler; pastor of Mountville and Portersville, Butler Co., Pa., Sept., 1865- Feb. 22, ’70; First Ch., New Wilmington, Aug. 23, 1870, until death, Nov. 26, ^74, from typhoid fever. DONALDSON, Wieeiam: Was born Nov. 24, 1842, at Hickory, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 5, 1869, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Dec. 7, ’70, by Caledonia; pas¬ tor of Franklinville, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., 1870-Ap., ’74; of Cascade and Wyoming, Dubuque Co., la., July, 1877- Mar. 2, ’86; Cedar Creek, la., June 14, 1886- DONNAN, Aeexander (A.)*: Was born in 1775 in Scotland, and educated under the auspices of the Associate Ch.; was licensed by the Pres., of Kilmarnock; was ordained and installed in 1800 as the sue- 3o6 THE MINISTRY. cessor of the Rev. Francis Pringle, in the congregation of Gilnakirk, near Belfast, Ireland; came to this country in i8i8, and was pastor of Mt. Pleasant and Burgettstown, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa., May 28, 1819-May 12, ’39, and of Mt. Pleasant till Ap. 20, ’52, and died June 3, 1859. BONN AN, David (A.): Was bom in July, 1822, in Princeton, Schenectady Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1845, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed and ordained the same day, June 20, 1850, by Albany Pres., and spent a year by Synodic appointment as missionary in the State of Michigan; pastor of Newark, N. J., Dec., 1851-Sept. 24, ’62; Cochranton, Crawford Co., Pa., since Ap., 1866. DORRANCE, John W. : Was born June 30, 1849, Nebo, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1883, by Beaver Valley Pres., and ordained by Arkansas Valley; pastor of Pretty Prairie, Kingman Co., Kan., since ordination. DOUGLASS, James (A. R.)*: Was ordained in June, 1823, ^7 Presbytery of St. Law¬ rence (Presbyterian), and installed pastor of the church in Lis¬ bon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. When that congregation re¬ turned to the Asso. Ref. Ch., in Jan., 1826, he came with it as its pastor and was received by the Washington Presbytery. This pastoral relation was dissolved Aug. 3, 1830; was in¬ stalled in Oct., 1831, as pastor of five small congregations in the district of New Castle, Upper Canada; in Nov., 1833, he and these congregations were regularly dismissed to connect with the United Secession Ch. of Canada; was subsequently pastor at Coburg. DOUGLASS, Robert (A.)*: « Was born in 1791, in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson, at Service; was licensed in Sept., 1818, by the Pres., of Char- tiers, and ordained May 3, ’ 20, by Ohio, and installed pastor of Poland, Liberty and Deer Creek, which he served until his death, Dec. 14, 1823. THE MINISTRY. 307 DOUTHETT, John Albert: Was born May 19, 1851, in Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Feb. 9, 1876, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Nov. 14, ’76, by Monongahela; pastor of Union congregation, Allegheny Co., since ordination. DOUTHETT, William (A.)*: Was born in 1798 near Jamestown, Mercer Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Sept. 3, 1828, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in ’32 by Ohio; pastor of Windham, Palmyra and Milton, in the eastern edge of Ohio, i832-’4i; in 1841 took charge of Mineral Ridge and Cross Roads, in Mercer, and Portersville, in Butler Co., Pa.; resigned Cross Roads in ’47, and the others in ’49; Glade Run 1849-Ap., ’54; removed to Iowa in July, 1856, and supplied two years in eastern Iowa; went to Clarinda, Page Co., and organized a congregation there in 1858, and supplied it and some north of it until 1861; he then performed missionary labor in Nebraska until the spring of ’66, when he returned to Pennsylvania and supplied Upper Piney, Clarion Co., and Beechwoods, Jefferson Co., until his death. He died Oct. 6, 1872, of neuralgia of the heart, while on a visit to some friends near New Castle, Pa. DRENNEN, Philip Howell (A. R.): Was born Feb. 26, 1826, at Elizabeth, Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1853, by Blairsville Pres., and ordained Ap. 3O) ’55, by Second Illinois; pastor of Bethel, Ill., 1855- ^P- ’575 Eow Point, Ill., 1858-Ap. ’69; labored as a supply for several years in Kansas and Illinois, and was pastor of Eugene, la.. May 13, 1879-Sept. 7, ’81. Publication: Civil Government, a Sermon, 1862. DRENNEN, Thomas (A. R.)*: Was born in 1825, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 28, 1851, by Second Ohio, and ordained Sept. 27 ) ’53) by Butler Pres., and installed pastor of Evansburg and White Oak Springs, which he served until his death. 3o8 THE MINISTRY. which occurred from consumption, Nov. 26, ’57, while on a visit to Bloomington, Ill. DUFF, Albert Kennedy: Was born Mar. 31, 1854, in Darlington township, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1879, and-studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1881, by Brook- ville Pres., and ordained June 27, ’82, by Beaver Valley; pas¬ tor of Center, Uawrence Co., Pa., June 27, 1882-Jan. 30, ’87; York, N. Y., since Ap., 1887. DUFF, David Alexander*: Was born Jan. 31, 1845, near St. Clairville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1867, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained June 15, ’69, by Caledonia; pastor of Geneva, N. Y., June, 1869-May, ’70; of Stewart Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Jan. I, 1871-Ap. 9, ’79; of Galt, Ontario, Canada, since Oct. 20, 1880. He was chairman of the committee and the princi¬ pal worker which prepared the “Bible Songs.” Died Sept. 12, 1887. DUFF, David Kennedy (A.): Was born May 8, 1825, in Enon Valley, Lawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1849, ^nd studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 15, 1853, by Ohio Pres., and ordained Oct. 2, ’56, by Clarion; was installed at ordination over the congregations of Dayton, Lower Piney and Perrys- ville, in Armstrong Co., Pa.; in 1865 resigned Perrysville and took Atwood; resigned Piney in ’70, and Dayton Jnne 15, ’86. He was captain in the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry for three years of the civil war. DUFF, James Agnew (A)*: Was born Jan. 26, 1825, Darlington, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 2, 1855, by Ohio Pres., and ordained Feb. 3, ’57, by Cambridge; was pastor of South Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., Feb. 1857, until his death, Oct. 6, i860, from typhoid fever. DUFF, Jackson (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 24, 1814, at Paint Lick, Garrard Co., Ky.; THE MINISTRY. 309 was graduated at Miami in 1839, and studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed Ap. 5, 1843, ^7 I^ii’st Ohio, and ordained June 27, ’44, by First Illinois; pastor of Harrison and Vir¬ ginia Grove, la., June, 1844-’47; of Scotch Ridge, Wood Co., O., June, 1853-Ap., ’69; home missionary the rest of the time in Ohio, Iowa and Kansas. Died Feb. 9, 1886, at Center Ridge, Kans. DUFF, John Alexander: Was born Feb. 5, 1858, near Wilkinsburg, Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1881, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Dec. 26, 1883, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 30, ’85, by the same; pastor at Minden, Neb., since Ap. 2, 1886. DUFF, John W. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1815, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1839, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1843, ^7 Blairsville Pres., and ordained Dec. 5th of same year, by the same; was pastor of Puckety, Westmoreland Co., 1843-Ap., ’48; of Blairsville and New Alexandria, June, 1848, until his death. He died Mar. 6, 1850, from typhoid fever. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. HI. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. DUNCAN, James (A.)*: ""^as dT'Scbtch Covenanter parentage; born and brought up in western Pennsylvania, and was educated at Canonsburg Academy previous to the founding of Jefferson College, and, joining his wife’s church, studied theology with Dr. John An¬ derson, of Service, Pa.; was licensed in Sept, 1796, by the Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained in 1800 by the same; pastor of Mahoning (Bethel), Lawrence Co., Pa., and Dar¬ lington i8oo-Ap. II, ’04, when he resigned the latter two, and, having organized congregations at Poland and Liberty, he regarded them as mere branches of Mahoning, and thus remained pastor of Poland, Liberty and Mahoning until his suspension from the ministry. He preached some errors in relation to original sin and Christ’s atonement and interces¬ sion, and published a book in their defence. For these he was tried and suspended by Presbytery; he appealed to the 310 THE MINISTRY. Synod, which, at its meeting in Canonsburg, May, 1815, re¬ moved the suspension, and after certain retractions on his part censured and warned him. On returning to his congre¬ gation he read a statement of his case in Synod, denying that he had retracted any of his errors, except one, and that it was for that one he had been censured. Presbytery called him to account for this public misrepresentation, he remained obsti¬ nate, and was suspended from the ministry and from the communion of the church. He went West and united with the Presbyterian Church, and held a pastorate sixty miles be¬ low Cincinnati, in Kentucky, until 1824, when he moved to Vevay, Ind.; published a book against slavery, and spent the remainder of his life in preaching the gospel from cabin to cabin in the new settlements in the west. He died on one of these mission tours at a house on the borders of Indiana, where he had put up for the night. He was a large man in person, a keen controversialist, of more than ordinary clear¬ ness and ‘grasp of mind. In personal and financial matters he was very careless, and grossly addicted to the use of to¬ bacco. It was no unusual thing for him, while preaching, to take a bite of tobacco, and on one occasion he stopped in the middle of his sermon and went down to one of his elders and borrowed a chew, and then returned and finished his sermon. His son. Dr. Duncan, was for many years a very distinguished member of Congress from Cincinnati. Publications: A Treat¬ ise on the Covenant of Works; Man’s Fall and his Recovery through Jesus Christ, 1813; a Treatise on Civil Government and the Extent of the Civil Powers respecting Religion, to which were added some strictures on a late publication en¬ titled, ‘‘The Two Sons of Oil;” on Slavery, 1824. DUNCAN, James, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 15, 1822, in Eondonderry, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Madison, Antrim, O., in 1847, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1850, by Second Ohio, and was ordained Sept, iith of the same year by the same Pres.; was pastor of Eebanon, Guernsey Co., O., Sept, 1850 -Oct,’74, and New Salem until Aug. 30, ’54; of First Cedar Rapids, la.. Mar. 3, 1875-Nov. 5, ’84; S. S., Goldfield, Wright Co., la., July 1,1884. Publications: Some Sermons and Ad¬ dresses. THE MINISTRY. DUNCAN, James Matthews: Was born Jan. 17, 1850, in Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed, Ap. ii, 1882, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained June 9, ’85, by Allegheny; pastor of Oak Grove, Butler Co., Pa., June 9, 1885-July, ’87. DUNCAN, John Mason, D. D* (A. R.)*: Grandson of Dr. John Mason, of New York; was born in July, 1790, in Philadelphia. When his grandmother was re¬ turning from a visit to Ireland the provisions on their ship became exhausted, and the grave question arose how they were to subsist. The conclusion of their deliberations was that all on board should determine by lot who should be sac¬ rificed to keep the rest alive. His grandmother, Mrs. Mar¬ garet Duncan, was one of those upon whom the fatal lot fell. She then made a solemn vow that if God would spare her life by bringing the ship soon to land she would, by His help, erect a church in commemoration of this supplicated deliver¬ ance. In a few hours the Capes of the Delaware were discov¬ ered, and the crew and passengers were all saved from canni¬ balism or death by starvation. She was subsequently able to provide the means, and a church was built, which for many years stood in Philadelphia on 13th street above Market, and in which Dr. Dales preached almost a score of years, and from the proceeds of the sale of which his present church on Race street was largely built. Until the day of her death she rigidly kept the anniversary of her vow in strict retirement and in fasting and prayer. Dr. Duncan was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1805, early age of fifteen; studied theology with his uncle in the Seminary in New York; licensed in 18ii by the Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained in Aug., ’12, by the same, and installed pastor of the Asso. Ref. congregation in Balti¬ more, Md., which relation he maintained until his death, which took place Ap. 30, 1851, from paralysis. His last ut¬ terance was, ‘ ‘ The Uord is my portion. ’ ’ In the union of 1822 he went into the Presbyterian Ch., and when his Pres, (the old Asso. Ref. Pres., but after the union the Second Pres, of Philadelphia) saw fit to dissolve in the 312 THE MINISTRY. autumn of 1824, according to the terms of the union, that the members might attach themselves to the other Presbyteries within the bounds of which they resided, the Baltimore Pres, refused to receive him because of his denunciation of creeds, as held forth in a sermon preached the previous summer be¬ fore the Theological Seminary at Princeton, N. J., under the title of “A Plea for Ministerial Liberty.” Mr. Duncan then declared himself independent of the Presbyterian Ch., and in conjunction with two or three others organized an “Indepen¬ dent Presbytery.” The Synod of Baltimore, when it refused to sustain his appeal in 1825, declared his pastoral relation dissolved and attached his Ch. to the Pres, of Baltimore. The great majority of his congregation remained with him and shared his fortunes to the last. A small minority seceded and sued for the church edifice, but were unsuccessful. Hence the congregation is known to this day as the Asso. Ref., al¬ though in connection with the Southern Presbyterian Ch. under the pastoral supervision of Dr. Laybum. Publications: A Plea for Ministerial Liberty, 1824; A Reply to Dr. Miller in the Duncan Case, i2mo., 1826; An Essay on the Origin, Character and Tendency of Creeds as Instruments of Eccle¬ siastical Power, i2mo., 1834; Lectures on the General Princi¬ ples of Moral Government, as exhibited in the first three chapters of Genesis, 1832; The Eunuch’s Confession, or Scrip¬ tural Views of the Sonship of Jesus Christ; A Fast Day Ser¬ mon. mjNLAI>UQHi^^ )*: Was born Sept. 15, 1757, in Lanarkshire, Scotland; came to America with his father in 1774, and served in the army of the Revolution; made a profession of religion in Salem, N. Y.; was classically educated at an academy in New Jersey, and studied theology with the elder Dr. Mason in New York; was licensed Oct. 13, 1789, by the Pres, of New York, and was ordained July 22, ’91, by the same; was pastor of Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y., July 1791-Sept. 3, ’16; was mission¬ ary in Central New York under the care of the Young Men’s Missionary Society of New York, i8i6-’22; retired to Cam¬ bridge and supplied vacant pulpits as he found it convenient until his death. He died Mar. 7, 1829, from a cancer, after having submitted to a painful surgical operation. THE MINISTRY. 313 DUNIvAP, William Edgar: Was born Feb. 26, 1850, near Newville, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, Sidney, and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 25, ’79, by Kansas; was S. S. at Topeka, Kans., May, 1879-82; S. S. Salineville, O.; pastor at Boy- den, la., Feb. 12, 1886- DUNN, John Beveridge (A.)*: Was born Mar. 17, 1832, in Delaware Co., N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1853, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed in Ap., 1856, by the Pres, of Albany, and ordained Nov. 12, ’57, by Cambridge; was pastor of E. Green¬ wich, Washington Co., N. Y., Nov., 1857-Sept. 24, ’61; died unmarried at his old home Feb. 3, 1862, from consumption. DUNN, William Craine: Was born Ap. 3, 1837, at Utica, Venango Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminister in 1859, studied theology at Monmouth and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1863, by Michigan Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’65, by Sidney; was pastor of Huntsville, O., Ap., 1865-Feb. ’70; of Scroggsville, O., since May, 1871. DYSART, Joseph P. : Was born in New York City in 1841 and reared in Dela¬ ware Co.; was graduated at Union in 1865, and studied the¬ ology at Newburgh; was licensed in 1867, by Delaware Pres., and ordained June 14, ’70, by Wheeling; pastor of Harrisville, O., June, 1870-N0V. 2, 1870, joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Albany 1871-’3; of the Dutch church in Glen, N. Y., 1874-’9, Presbyterian Ch., N. Granville, N. Y., i88o-’83, and is now in St. Paul, Minn. DYSART, Thomas H.*: Was born Feb. 9, 1835, at St. Clairsville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1857, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 12, i860, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained June, ’61, by Chillicothe; was pastor of Fall Creek, Highland Co., O., June, 1861-62; Urbana, O., Dec. 2, 1862, until his death. He labored six weeks in the service of the Christian Commis¬ sion, and died Aug. 2, 1864, from camp diarrhoea. 20 314 THE MINISTRY. DYSART, Thomas Perry*: Was born Sept. 6, 1836, at St. Clairsville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Ap. 16, ’63, by Des Moines; was pastor of Somerset, la., Ap., 1863-N0V., ’67; of Shiloh, Ind., Aug. 10, 1869-Nov. 30, ’73; of Lexington and Utica, O., July i, 1875-Sept, i, ’79; of Olathe, Kan., July 21, 1880, until his death, Aug. 23, 1882, of typhoid fever. EASTON, John S., D. D., (A.)*: Was born Aug. 7, 1806, in Ancrum, near Jedburgh, Scot¬ land, and reared principally in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1830, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 24, 1834, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained by the same May 5, ’36; was pastor of Stone Valley, Lewis- town and Kishacoquillas, in Penn., May, 1836-Feb. 20, ’55; Scroggsfield and Yellow Creek, O., March, 1855-’66; of Brad- dock’s Field, Allegheny Co., Pa., Dec., 21, 1869-Sept. 5, ’76; was several years assistant editor of the United Presbyterian^ and Moderator of the General Assembly of 1872. Died July 25, 1879, from paralysis. EASTON, Robert (A. R.)*: Was born and educated in Scotland, and became pastor of the Burgher Ch., of Morpeth, in the Pres., of Cold Stream, and came to the U. S. in Oct., 1802, with Dr. John M. Mason, and labored for six months under the direction of the Pres¬ bytery of New York; joined the Pres, of Washington in July, 1803, and while laboring in its northern portion received a call from the Scotch congregation of St. Philip Street, Mon¬ treal, Canada, which he accepted in 1804. After the war with England, 1812-15, had interrupted his relations with his Presbytery and the U. S., he never renewed them, and in 1818 he and several other ministers organized the Presbytery of Upper Canada, subordinate to the Burgher Synod of Scot¬ land. EASTON, WiEEiAM, D. D., (A.)*: Elder brother of John S.; was born Oct. 2, 1804, in An¬ crum, Scotland; came when a lad to Argyle, N. Y.; was THE MINISTRY. 315 graduated at Union in 1822, and studied theology at Phila¬ delphia under Dr. Banks; was licensed June 7, 1826, by the Philadelphia Pres., and ordained by the same, and installed in Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa., June 7, 1827; resigned Oct. 22, ’78, and died June 12, 1879. Publications: A Memorial Sermon, preached on the forty-fifth anniversary of his minis¬ try, June 9, 1872; also a number of elaborate controversial papers. EDGAR, John: Was born Aug. 24, 1828, in Buenos Ayres, in the Argen¬ tine Republic, S. A., and in early years was brought to New¬ burgh, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1849, studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed June 2, 1857, Pres, of New York, and ordained Nov. 16, ’59, by Caledonia; pastor of Sterling, Cayuga Co., N. Y., Nov., 1859-May 5, ’74; was elected June, 1874, to the Professorship of English Literature in Westminster College, and in 1875, transferred to the chair of Latin. Died Dec. 15, 1880, of scarlet fever. EDIE, Joseph Austin, (A.): Was born Aug. 25, 1827, Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1855, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained May 7, ’57, by Monmouth; pastor of North Henderson, Ill., May, 1857-Oct. ’69; Clayton, Adams Co., Ill., Dec., 1869-Ap. 4, ’78; of Four Mile, Beaver Co., June 22, 1880-June ’86. He was Sec. of the Board of Education for fourteen years, 1859-73, member of the Senate of Monmouth College 1859-78. EDIE, WiuuiAM Alexander: Was born Sept, 27, 1848, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; educated at Allegheny Academy, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1874, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’75, by Philadelphia; pastor in Baltimore, Md., Oct, • 1875-July 8, ’79; at Beaver, Pa., Dec. 21, 1880-Jan. 23, ’87; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Connellsville, Pa. EKIN, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 15, 1812, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated by the Western University in 1835, and studied THE MINISTRY. 316 theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1838, by Monon- gahela Pres., and ordained May 2, ’39, by the same; was pastor of the Second Asso. Ref. Ch., Pittsburgh, May, 1839- Aug., ’39; of Union, Allegheny Co., Dec., 1839-Dec. 27, ’53; of the First Asso. Ref., Pittsburgh, Ap. ii, 1854-Nov. 3, ’57. In 1858 he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was for a short time pastor in Le Claire, la.; he then took charge of Monroe, in Uouisiana, but at the breaking out of the civil war was compelled to flee north; was for a season clerk in the Quarter¬ master’s Department with his kinsman, Gen. James A. Ekin; was four years in charge of a Female Seminary in Xenia, O., then pastor in Topeka, Kan., where he died Sept. 30, 1869. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. I of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref Church. ELDER, Alexander Harry: Was bom Nov. 12, 1835, at Pleasant Unity, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1862, by West¬ moreland Pres., and ordained July 7, ’63, by the same; pastor of McKeesport, 1863-Sept., 1875; of New Lisbon, O., Jan. 30, 1877-Ap. II, ’82; S. S. Second Cleveland, O., 1883-6; pastor of Cleveland since July, 1887. Publication: The Com¬ ing Man: a Lecture. ELLIOTT, James Couch: Was born Jan. 6, 1830, near Sparta, Ill.; was graduated at the Indiana State University in i860, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed May 7, 1862, by St. Louis Pres., and ordained Oct. 7, ’63, by Chicago; pastor of Wyoming, Wis.,Dec., 1863-Feb. 12, ’68; Bethel, in Perry Co., Ill., since Oct. 15, 1868. ELLIOTT, James Henry: Was born Aug. 29, 1836, at Fair Haven, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed July ii, 1866, by First Ohio, and or¬ dained Sept. 17, ’68, by Nebraska; S. S. at Pawnee City, Neb., i868-’9; pastor of Sycamore and Hopkinsville, O., Jan., 1870-Ap. 6, ’80; of Crawfordsville, la., since Oct. 21, 1881. THE MINISTRY. 317 ELLIOTT, Robert A.: Was born Nov. 13, 1861, at Murraysville, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Washington and Jefferson in 1883, studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; w^as licensed Ap. 12, 1886, by Westmore¬ land Pres., and ordained Aug. 30, ’87, by Albany; pastor at Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., since ordination. ENGLISH, John W. : Was born Oct. i, 1849, Muskingum Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1879, by Wabash Pres., and ordained Sept. 30, ’79, by Monongahela; pastor of Robinson Run since ordi¬ nation. ERSKINE, John (A. R.)*: Was born in 1820, in county Monaghan, Ireland, and edu¬ cated at Belfast, and licensed by the Presbytery of Monaghan, in the Presbyterian Ch.; came to America in 1851, and was ordained Jan. 8, ’52, by Saratoga; was pastor at N. Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y., Jan., 1852-Sept., ’60, and at Graham’s Church, Orange Co., N. Y., Mar. 13, 1861, till death. Sept. 26, 1885. ERSKINE, WiEEiAM Ralph (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 17, 1819, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1845, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1850, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’52, by Second Illinois; pastor at Elli¬ son, Ill., May 15, 1852-June 15, ’58; of White Oak Grove, Ill., May 2, 1859-Oct. II, ’65; of Scroggsfield, O., June ii, 1867-Jan., ’70; of Berea, Franklin Co., Kan., Ap. 12, 1871- Sept. 4, ’73; of Olena, Ill., Ap. 30, 1874, until death, which occurred Feb. 5, 1875. EVANS, John Calvin: Was born Oct. 22, 1838, in Connoquinessing, Butler Co., Pa.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed June 19, 1866, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 17, ’67, by the same; pastor of Four Mile, Sept, 1867-June, ’71; of Remington and Oakland, Beaver Co., Ap., 1872-Sept., ’79, and of Columbus, Neb., Ap., i88o-’83; sus¬ pended from the ministry in 1884 for dishonesty. THE MINISTRY. 318 EWING, Robert Boyd, D. D. (A.): Was born Jan. 17, 1827, Wayne Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology privately with Dr. Wishart; was licensed in Aug., 1857, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Jan. 20, ’59, by Xenia; pastor of Second Ch., Xenia, 1859-Jan. 14, ’68; First Ch., Monmouth, Ill., Ap., 1868-Dec. 28, ’69; of the Sixth Ch., Pittsburgh, since Mar. 29, 1870; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1877. EWING, Samuel Currie, D. D. : Was born Ap. 20, 1831, near Irwin Station, in Westmore¬ land Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1859, by Alle¬ gheny Pres., and ordained May 9, ’60, by the same. The General Assembly of 1859 selected him to go as missionary to China when his studies were completed, but in i860 his des¬ ignation was changed to Egypt. He sailed Oct. 6, i860, and landed at Alexandria Nov. 13; has itinerated in both Lower and Upper Egypt, but has labored principally in Alexandria and Cairo. EWING, William D. : Brother of Samuel C.; was born Sept. 3, 1836, at Irwin Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. II, 1866, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Feb. 22, ’70, by Butler; pastor of Centreville and Bethel, Butler Co., Feb. 22, 1870-June 15, ’86. FAIRLEY, James L. (A. R.): Was born and educated in Ireland, and licensed by the Monaghan Pres.; was received Aug. 27, 1849, Asso. Ref. Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained Feb. 14, ’50, by the same, sine titulo; was pastor of Third Asso. Ref. Ch., Phila¬ delphia, Sept. 26, 1850-Dec. 22, ’52; of Venice, Allegheny Co., Pa., June 28, 1853-Dec. 25, ’55; Rehoboth and Mt. Nebo, same county. May, 1856-’69; S. S. at White Oak Grove, Ill., 1872-4; at Lodi and Belleflower, Ill., 1874-’6, and pastor there since Dec., 1876. FARIES, Isaiah (A. R.): Was born Ap. 22, 1822, at Charlestown, Ind.; was gradu- THE MINISTRY. 319 ated at Miami in 1846, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Mar., 1849, by First Ohio, and ordained Dec. 14, ’52, by Caledonia; pastor of Beulah, N. Y., 1852-spring of ’58; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1859, was pastor of Phelps, N. Y., 1859-^65, and now resides in Minneapolis, Minn. FARMER, Samuel F. (A.): Was born Feb. 24, 1824, Robinson township, Alleghen)' Co., Pa., and was educated at Franklin; studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 20, 1854, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 15, ’55, by New York; was pastor of Wil¬ liamsburg, Long Island, N. Y., Nov., 1855-’61. In 1861 he united with the Presbyterian Ch., and was Prof, in Highland University, Kan.; is now at Belle Vernon, Pa. FARRAR, James McNall: Was born June 16, 1853, at Candor, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, and studied theology at Princeton, N. J.; was licensed in May, 1878, by Frankford, and ordained Dec. 10, ’78, by Wheeling; pastor of Harris- ville, O., from ordination till June 10, 1884; of 4th Philadel¬ phia since Sept. 29, 1884. FARRINGTON, Thomas T. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1821, in Newburgh, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1839, and studied theology at Newburgh; spent two years before the mast in a whaling voyage in the Pacific ocean on account of his health; was licensed in May, 1845, by New York Pres., and ordained Aug. 12, ’46, by Caledonia; was pastor of Geneva, N. Y., 1846-’50; of Salem, N. Y., June II, 1850-Aug. 4, *57. In Dec., 1857, he was installed pastor at Oxbow, N. Y., and refused to go into the union of 1858, and remained in the residuary Synod of New York. In ’64 he went to Newburgh, N. Y., as the successor of Dr. Mc- Carrell, where he died suddenly from apoplexy while walking in his garden preparatory to preaching on the 5th of June, 1875 - fee, Robert Newton (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 3, 1822, in Chester District, S. C.; was graduated at the Indiana State University in 1844, and studied 320 THE MINISTRY. theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1847, Indiana Pres., and ordained Nov. 29, ’49, by Illinois; pastor of Oska- loosa, la., Nov., 1849-Ap., ’55; of Harrison, la.. Sept, 1855- Ap., ’61; Jordan’s Grove, Ill., Oct, 1862-Ap., ’71; one year missionary in Washington Territory; four years missionary and teacher among the Nez Perce Indians; missionary to the Warm Spring Indians, in Oregon, 1878-9; retired to Lewis¬ ton, Idaho, as an invalid, and died there Mar. 12, 1887. FERGUS, Alexander Gilfillan (A. R.)*: Born Nov. 18, 1823, Elizabeth, Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1845 with the first honors of his class, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1850, by Blairsville Pres., and by the same ordained Sept. 2, ’51, and installed pastor of Sewickly and W. Newton, in Westmore¬ land Co., and died on the 30th of the same month from in¬ flammation of the bowels. Yet during this short pastorate of less than a month he was permitted to perform all the duties peculiar to the ministerial office, for he sat as a member of Presbytery and of Synod, received members into the church, baptized, administered the Lord’s Supper, and ordained a ruling elder. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. III. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. FERGUSON, Harvey Thompson: Was born Aug. 24, 1846, in Richland Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Ohio Central College in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 23, 1874, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained June 23, ’75, by Keokuk; pastor of Living Lake and Grand Prairie, Washington Co., la., June 27, 1875-Ap. 24, ’82; Sunny Dale, Kan., since 1884. FERGUSON, James (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland and educated in Scotland; was received Ap. I, 1821, by Monongahela Pres., as a licentiate from the Pres, of Tyrone, Ireland; was ordained by Monongahela in Sept., 1823, installed as pastor of Harmony and connec¬ tions; was deposed from the ministry June 23, 1824, for drunk¬ enness. FERGUSON, James Alexander: Was born May 5, 1851, in Pittsburgh; was graduated at THK MINISTRY. 321 Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology one year at Mon¬ mouth with Dr. Scott, one year at Allegheny, and one year in Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed Ap. ii, 1877, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained Nov. 6, ’79, by DesMoines; pastor of Newton and Palo Alto, la., from his ordination until Nov. 9, ’82; S. S. at Loveland,* Colo., 1883, and pastor since Sept. 12, ’84. FERGUSON, Robert Gracey, D. D. : Was born Feb. 16, 1842, at Dry Run, Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1865, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 17, ’66, by Big Spring; pastor of Mercers- burg and the Cove, 1866-June, ’74, and of Butler, Pa., Jan. 18, 1875-July 8, ’84; President of Westminster College since 1884* FERGUSON, William H. : Was graduated at Franklin in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed by-Detroit in Sept. 1878, and ordained Sept. 9, ’85, by Central Illinois; spent some years in teach¬ ing, and has been pastor at Piper City, Ill., since ordination. FERRIER, Thomas (A.)^: Was born in 1782 in Perth, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology at Edinburgh; was licensed in 1812, and labored for some years as missionary in the Orkney Islands; came to the U. S. in 1821, and was or¬ dained Sept. 27, ’22, by Cambridge Pres.; pastor of Ryegate, Vt., 1822-July 6, ’25; was four years S. S. in Upper Canada; itinerated for a time, and then began preaching at Apple River, Jo Daviess Co., Ill., in Nov., 1840, and was pastor of the same 1844-’53; died in Galena, Mar. 20, 1854. FIELDS, Alexander Ballantyne*: Was born Oct. 16, 1835, at Shirland, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June ii, 1861, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Nov. 4, ’62, by the same; pastor of Mt. Pleasant and Madison, Nov., 1862-Nov., ’67; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and after filling several pastorates was injured by the cars, and died Oct. 15, 1886, at Brockwayville, Pa. 322 THE MINISTRY. FIFE, James Hultz (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. ii, 1821, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1843, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1847, Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 25, ’49, by the Lake; was pastor of Fairview, Lawrenceburg and Mt. Varnum Ap., 1849-Dec., ’55; of Mt. Pleasant and Laurel Hill from 1856 until his death, July 26, 1861, from dysentery. FINDLEY, James Galloway Dinwiddie: Son of Dr. William; was born Dec. 10, 1839, in Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 15, 1867, by Mer¬ cer Pres., and ordained Oct. 14, ’69, by First New York; pastor in Newburgh, N. Y., since ordination. He enlisted as a private in 8ist Ohio regiment of volunteers Aug. ii, 1862; promoted Sergeant Major immediately; First Lieuten¬ ant, Jan. 3, 1864, and Adjutant in March; was wounded at the battle of Winchester, Va., Sept., 19, 1864, and mustered out July I, 1865. FINDLEY, John JuNKiN, (A. R.)*: Brother of Dr. William; was born in Mercer Pa., May 25, 1815; was graduated at Franklin in 1837, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 29, 1840, by Lake Pres., and ordained May 12, ’42, by the same; was pastor of Waterford and McKean, Erie Co., Pa., 1841-Nov. 22, ’53; turned to secular pursuits, and died Feb. 6, 1862. FINDLEY, John Ross (A. R.): Son of Rev. Dr. Samuel; was born in Sept., 1829, in Washington Guernsey Co., O.; was educated at Franklin and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap. 1852, by Chillicothe Pres., and ordained in Oct., ’53, by Springfield; pastor of Urbana, O., Oct, 1853-Sept. ’56; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and is at Bradford, Pa. FINDLEY, Samuel, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born June ii, 1786, in Allegheny Co., Pa. The family was of Covenanter stock. When fourteen years old he heard the Rev. Dr. John Black, of Pittsburgh (just ordained), preach in a grove near his father’s farm, in Butler Co., and THE MINISTRY. 323 was so much impressed that when going home he turned aside into the woods, and, kneeling by a fallen tree, dedicated him¬ self to the work of the gospel ministry, resolving to serve his father faithfully- until twenty-one years old, and then to ask for his liberty to shift for himself. Three years afterward his father opened a little country store and made him the clerk. In stocking the store some school books were purchased, and by some mistake or providence a Latin grammar appeared in the lot. This he appropriated and began the study of Latin at night, which he pursued with such assiduity for a year and a half as to injure his eyesight and general health, and compel cessation. About 1806 he and the late Rev. Dr. Taggart put themselves under the tuition of the Rev. Alex. Calderhead, of Belmont Co., O., and studied the languages and sciences until 1809, when they were received as students of theology and sent to the Seminary in New York. In 1810, through the influence of his uncle, the Hon. William Findley, of Westmoreland Co., then in Congress, he was appointed to take the census of Butler Co., and this brought him a liberal compensation sufficient to sustain him during the remainder of his student’s life. He was licensed Sept. 2, 1813, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 22, ’14, by the same. At ordination he was installed pastor of West Middletown and Cross Roads, in Washington Co., Pa., and Short Creek, Ohio Co., Va.; was released from the first June 12, 1822, from the second in 1820, and from the last Sept. 8, 1824. bounds of the Short Creek congregation he established and carried on the “Union Academy.” About 1820 his health began to fail, yet he continued to preach when unable to stand up, and delivered his discourses from a reclining pos¬ ture. He finally became unable to do even this, and in 1823 went to New York and submitted to a painful surgical opera¬ tion, which retained him there for six months. During all this time the Rev. Dr. Knox took him to his home and family and tenderly nursed him for the Saviour’s sake. When suffi¬ ciently restored to resume labor he sought a new charge, and in the spring of 1824 commenced preaching to the united charge of Washington, Fairview and Miller’s Fork, Guern¬ sey Co., O., although he was not formally dismissed from his 324 THE MINISTRY. old charge and certified to the Second Pres., of Ohio until Sept., 1824. In 1836 he resigned Washington and Fairview, and confined his labors to Miller’s Fork, now called Antrim, until 1855, when he resigned to take the agency of raising funds for the founding of Madison College at Antrim. He was a man of great energy and activity in devising and carrying out schemes of usefulness. While in Virginia he established a classical academy, and did the same in Washing¬ ton and in Antrim, O. The last he had erected into a col¬ lege, and while engaged in raising means to establish it firmly he was, in 1856, stricken with paralysis, which terminated his active labors and caused the miscarriage of his educational scheme. He rallied so as to be able to preach occasionally, but his work was virtually done. He resided mainly there¬ after with his eldest son, the Rev. Dr. William T., and died in his family in Newark, N. J., Feb. 22, 1870. He inaugu¬ rated the era of periodical literature in the Asso. Ref. Church in the west by commencing the monthly publication of the Religious Examiner in 1827, which he continued until the beginning of 1835, and then passed it over to Dr. David MacDill to be combined with his periodical. Publications: Two Sermons, in the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. FINDDEY, Samuel, Jr., D. D. (A. R.): Son of Dr. Samuel; was born Oct. 26, 1818, at West Mid¬ dletown, Washington Co., Pa.; when five years old was taken by his father to Guernsey Co., O., where he was reared; was graduated at Franklin in 1839, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed July 7, 1841, by Second Ohio, and or¬ dained, sine titulo^ Oct. 12, ’42, by the same; S. S. for a year at Lafayette, Ind; pastor of Troy and Sulphur Springs, in Richland Co., Oct., 1843-6; ill health turned him to teach¬ ing, and he became Principal of the Academy at Edinburgh, Wayne Co., and the Academy at Chillicothe; was President of Madison College at Antrim, O., 1853-’6, and for a short time Principal of Urbana Female Seminary. In Oct., 1856, he united with the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of the Sixth Ch., Pittsburgh, May, i857-’6i; Prof, of Logic and Rhetoric in the Western University i86i-’3; taught a classi¬ cal school in Pittsburgh 1863-’5; pastor of Fourth Ch., Day- THE MINISTRY. 325 ton, O., i865-’7o; Carlisle Station, Warren Co., i87o-’8, and S. S. at Somerville, Butler Co., O., 1879-’84, and is at Roxa- bell, O. He was two years and a half editor of the Pennsyl¬ vania Teacher^ a monthly magazine, and has been corres¬ ponding member of the American Entomological Society. Publication: Rambles Among Insects, i8mo., pp. 280, 1878. FINDEEY, WiELiAM, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 4, 1808, in Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1828, and studied theology at Allegheny and Princeton; was licensed May 16, 1832, by Lake Pres., and ordained May 25, ’37, by the same; was pastor of Prospect and White Oak Spring, Butler Co., May, 1837-’57, exchang¬ ing the latter for Portersville in 1851; of Shenango July 1859 -’66; for fifteen years associated with Westminster College as professor or financial agent; pastor of Williamsford and Ches- ley, Canada, July 7, 1876-Ap. 15, ’79. Died May 9, 1886. FINDLEY, William Abel: Was born Oct. 10, 1839, in Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 5, 1865, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Ap. 3, ’67, by First New York; pastor of East Eleventh St., New York, Ap. 1867-’8; at Chetopa, Kan., 1870-Dec. 19, 1872. Without charge at Independence, Mo., since 1873. FINDLEY, William Thornton, D. D. (A. R.): Son of Rev. Dr. Samuel; was born June 2, 1814, in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 12, 1839, by Second Ohio, and ordained, sinetitulo^ Ap. 19, ’43, by the same; pastor of Chillicothe, O., 1844-55. ^^55 he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of Springfield, O., 1855 -’9; of Xenia, 1859-69, and has been pastor in Newark, N. J., since 1869. Publications: Some twenty-two separate Ser¬ mons and Addresses, 1847-’80. FINNEY, James Patterson: Was born Feb. 27, 1837, at Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson, Co., O.: was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and studied the- ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 19, 1865, by Mansfield 326 THE MINISTRY. Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Nov. 15, ’66, by Wabash; was S. S. of Carnahan Creek, Kan., 1867-’71; pastor of Unity, Adams Co., O., Oct., 1871-Aug. 23, ’76; of Hopewell, Kan., since June 19, 1879. FINNEY, James R.*: Was born in 1834 in Logan Co., O.; was "graduated at Miami in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 26, 1866, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 20, ’67, by Kansas; was pastor of Prosperity, Randolph Co., Ill., May i, i868-Ap. 16, ’73; died July 18, 1873. FINNEY, Rufus C. : Was born Mar. 23, 1849, New Plymouth, Vinton Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1873, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 17, 1877, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 23, ’78, by First Ohio; pastor of Unity, Butler Co., O., Ap., ’78-July i, ’87; was principal of Coulterville Academy, Ill., for two years. FINNEY, Thomas J. : Was born Sept, 12, 1852, at Mt Pleasant, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1878, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 20, 1881, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained June 14, ’82, by the same; sailed in Sept., ’82, for the foreign field, and is located at Mansoora, Egypt. FISHER, Jacob P. (A.)*: Was born Oct i, 1812, in Harrison Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1839, graduate of the institution, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in the sum¬ mer of 1843 Muskingum Pres.,and ordained Oct 27, ’44, by Miami; pastor of Cherry Fork, Adams Co., O., Oct, 1844 -’52; died near Washington, Pa., Ap. 8, 1853, from cancer of the stomach. FISHER, John Robertson: Was born June 17, 1839, in Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Williams College, Mass., and studied theology at Princeton; was licensed May 2, 1865, by Argyle Pres., and ordained June 14, ’66, by the same; pastor in Heb¬ ron, N. Y., June, 1866-June, ’74; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located at South Orange, N. J. THE MINISTRY. 327 FISHER, Junius Adams*: Was born Oct. 26, 1854, at Portersville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1878, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1881, by Keokuk Pres., and or¬ dained, sinetitulo^ May 3, ’81, by the same, and died Oct. 4, 1881. FITZGERALD, Samueu G. : Was born May 9, 1847, in Juniata Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 28, 1872, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained May 4, ’74, by Philadelphia; pastor of Fifth Ch., Philadel¬ phia, May, 1874-Dec. 30, ’75, and of Third Ch. since Mar. 7.1876. FLICK, Albert: Was born June 4, 1857, in Butler Co., Pa., and graduated at Geneva College, Beaver Falls, Pa.; in 1884; studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed June 29, 1886, by Beaver Valley Pres., and ordained June 28, ’87, by Allegheny; pas¬ tor of Fleming cong., Allegheny Co., Pa., since ordination. FORREST, Robert (A. R.)*: Was born in 1768 in Dunbar, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology with Dr. Lawson at the Burgher Hall; was ordained in 1796; was pas¬ tor of the Associate congregation of Saltcoate, in Ayrshire, 1796-1802; sailed Sept, i, 1802, with Dr. John M. Mason, and joined the Asso. Ref. Synod in Oct; was pastor of Pearl Street in New York, Ap. 26, 1804-June 14, ’08; of Stamford, Delaware Co., N. Y., Jan. 15, i8io-’43, and died Mar. 17, 1846. Publications: Conversion of an Aged Sinner, a Narra¬ tive, 1807; Great Encouragement to Perseverance in Mission¬ ary Labors, a Sermon, 1815; A Testimony on the Doctrines of Original Sin and of Atonement, prepared by order of the Associate Reformed Synod of New York, 1831. He was also a liberal contributor to the Christian Magazine^ 1832-’42; a Sermon, in Vol. II. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. FORRESTER, Benton John *: Was born June 12, 1845, Prospect, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at 328 THK MINISTRY. Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1871, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Jan. 21, ’75, by Albany; pastor of Ivisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Jan., 1875-Sept. 30, ’76; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1878, and in it was pastor of Marlette, Mich., Feb. 25, 1879-Ap., ’81. Died at Prospect, Pa., Nov. 22, 1883, of consumption. FORRESTER, Robkrt (A.)*: Was born in Scotland, and spent much of his youth in Bal¬ timore, Md.; studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 13, 1837, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 7, ’38, by Richland; pastor of Truro, Franklin Co., O., from his or¬ dination until his death, Nov. i, 1861. FORSYTH, David: Was born Jan. 30, 1829, McConnellsburg, Fulton Co., Pa.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1855; studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in July, 1858, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 15, i860, by Butler; was pastor of Unity, Clintonville and Scotch Hill, 1860-Oct., ’67; was missionary to the freedmen at Leavenworth, Kan.; pastor of Stanwood, la.. Mar., 1873-Oct., ’77; of New Zion, Neb., since Sept. 6, 1881. FORSYTH, Hugh (A. R.): Was born Dec. 3, 1817, at Rixville, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1841, by Second Ohio, and ordained May 24, ’42, by the same; was installed at ordina¬ tion over Fairview and Washington, Guernsey Co., O.; re¬ signed Washington, Ap., ’52, and Fairview, Feb., ’61; S. S. at Barlow, Washington Co., 1861-’6; at Cambridge, O., without charge. FORSYTH, James B. (A.)*: Was born in Ireland, educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1844, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained July i, ’47, by the same; pastor of Goshen, Perry Co., O., 1847-’51: supplied for two years in Iowa, and died at Kingston in that State in 1853 or ’54. FORSYTH, James C. (A. R.): Was born June 24, 1826, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad- THE MINISTRY. 329 uated at Washington in 1848, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1851, by Blairsville Pres., and ordained Oct. 27, ’52, by Steubenville; pastor of Cadiz, O., i 852-’8; of Salem, N. Y., June 29, 1858-May 14, ’70; entered the Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Farmer Village, N. Y., 1870-5, and has been pastor of the Presbyterian Ch. in Mont¬ gomery, N. Y., since 1875. FORSYTH, John, D. D., LL. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 31, 1810, in Newburgh, N. Y.; was gradu¬ ated at Rutgers College, N. J., in 1829; studied theology in Newburgh under Dr. McCarrell, in Edinburgh under Dr. Chalmers, and in Glasgow under Dr. Dick; was licensed Ap. 14, 1833, by the Pres, of Aberdeen, Scotland, and ordained July 2, ’34, by New York; pastor of the Asso. Ref. congrega¬ tion in Philadelphia^i834-Dec., ’36; of the Union Ch., New¬ burgh, N. Y., 1837-’47; was Prof, of Biblical Literature in the Theo. Sem., Newburgh, 1837-42; Prof, of Latin in Princeton College 1847-’53; Prof, of Biblical Literature and Ecclesiastical History in the Newburgh Seminary 1852-’58; declined going into the union of 1858, and united with the Ref. Dutch Ch.; Prof, of English Language and Literature in Rutgers College i860-’3; Prof, of Moral Philosophy and History and Chaplain in the U. S. Military Academy at West Point 1871-82. Died Oct. 17, 1886. Publications: Memoirs of Alexander Proudfit, D. D., 1844; Pastor’s Councils to a Young Christian, 1844; Seven Sermons; Five Addresses; Sketches of Scottish History, in Christian Magazine^ 1836; History of the Marion Controversy, in Christian Magazine^ 1837; History of the Associate Reformed Church, in Rupp’s History of All Denominations, 1844; Historical Essays on the Reformation in Holland and Geneva, and on the Synod of Dort, in the Christian Intelligencer^ 1856; Sketch of the Life and Times of Rev. W. Romaine, 1856; Sketches of the Lives of the early Governors of New York, 1863; History of the Public Schools in Newburgh, 1863; Editorials in the Chris¬ tian Instructor^ 1844-6; Additional Notes to the Epistle of James in Henry’s Commentary, London edition, 1848; Trans¬ lation and Enlargement of Moll’s Exposition of Psalms 42-50, in Lange’s Commentary, 1871; Translation and Enlargement 21 330 THE MINISTRY. of Schmoller’s Exposition of Joel, with a new version, in Lange’s Commentary, 1874; Letters to the Scottish Guardian^ Glasgow, i846-’6i; Thomas Boston, in the New Brunswick Review^ 1849; Twenty-three Articles in the Princeton Re¬ view^ 1843-’69; Five Articles in the Theological and Literary Review (Dr. Lord), i85i-’7; Ten Letters in Sprague’s Annals; Letters in the Memorial of Rev. Thomas De Witt, D. D.; Memoirs of Rev. Joseph McCarrell, D. D. in, “Men of Note in Cumberland Valley,’’ 1876; Analytical Index of Princeton Review for 1825-’8; Index to Topics Discussed in Forty Vol¬ umes of Princeton Review^ 1829-68. FOSTER, James Bonner*: Was born July 6, 1837, at Morning Sun, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1858, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 6, 1859, I’Y First Ohio, and or¬ dained, sine titulo^ Jan. 3, ’61, by the same; S. S. at Dayton, O., i86i-’3; pastor of Young America, Ill., 1864-7; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Cincinnati and Cum- minsville, O.; died Feb. 27, 1873, while on a visit to Due West, S. C., on account of his health. FRANCE, John (A.)*: Was born in 1773 in Moniave, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in the Burgher Hall; was licensed by the Pres, of Stirling, and or¬ dained by the Pres, of Forfar in 1806; was pastor of the con¬ gregation of Kirriemuir for a number of years; came to this country in 1819, and united with the Associate Church; was pastor of Glade Run and New Bethel, Butler and Beaver counties. Pa., Ap., i820-’4i. He died in 1861 in his son’s house in Harlem, Carroll Co., O. FRAZER, James Ingres: Was born Sept, i, 1836, near Hookstown, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed Oct. 19, 1858, by Char- tiers Pres., and ordained Ap. 25, ’61, by Indiana; pastor of Milroy and Vienna, Rush Co., Ind., i86i-Ap., ’65; Superin¬ tendent of Freedmen’s Mission one year on Davis’ Bend, and two years at Vicksburg, Miss.; pastor of Beaver Falls, Pa., Feb. 21, 1871-Ap. 10, ’83. THE MINISTRY. 331 FRAZIER, James Adair (A. R.) *: Was born Jan. 17, 1819, near West Union, Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1845, studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed in Ap., ’48, by Michigan, and ordained in June, 1849, same; was pastor of Martin, Mich., June, 1849-’50; in spring of 1850 was chosen foreign missionary by the General Synod, and sailed Dec. 12 for Syria. His wife dying, he returned to this country in 1853 on account of his family, and sailed again for Syria Sept. 30, 1854. His house, library and everything were burnt in the massacre of i860, the mission was broken up, and he was forced to return to the United States. Oct. 25, 1862, he sailed a third time for Syria, and died in Damascus, Aug. 30, 1863, from conges¬ tion of lungs. FRAZIER, James R. : Was born at St. Clairsville, Belmont Co., O., Aug. 9, 1854^ was graduated at Franklin in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1879, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Aug. 24, ’80, by Delaware; has been pastor of Davenport, Delaware Co., N. Y., since ordination. FRAZIER, Samuee Robinson: Was born in Belmont Co., O., Feb. 23, 1846; was graduated at Franklin in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1865, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained June II, ’67, by First Ohio; pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., O., June II, 1867-N0V. 28, ’71; of Third Ch., Pittsburgh, July 28, 1872-Mar. 25, ’79. Professor in the Imperial Uni¬ versity, Yokohama, Japan, 1879-1884; Youngstown, O., since May 5, 1884. FRAZIER, Samuel Robinson; Was born in 1847 Ohio Co., West Va.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1877, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Dec. ii, ’78, by Wheeling; was pastor of Cadiz, O., Dec., 1878-June 8, ’80; Oxford, O., Sept. 26, 1882-Sept. 29, ’85; Rushville, Ind., Dec., ’85-Ap., ’87; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and is at Columbus, Ind. 332 THE MINISTRY. FREE, Peter W. : Was born Sept. 9, 1839, at S. Sbenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1868, and studied theology at Monmouth and Xenia; was licensed May 4, 1869, by Lake Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’70, by the same; pastor of Waterford, Erie Co., Pa., since ordination. FREEBORN, James G. : Was born in Eastern Ohio, and educated academically at Richmond, O.; studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1862, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained in the sum¬ mer of ’63 by the same; was pastor of Boonsboro’, la., 1863 -’70; of Milroy, Rush Co., Ind., June 14, 1870-Oct. 31, ’71; left the church in 1872, and preaches to an Independent church in Kansas. FREETLY, John L. (A. R.)*: Was born in Mar., 1812, in Lancaster Co., Pa.; was soon left an orphan and brought up by friends in York Co.; was graduated at the Western University in 1836, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1839, by Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained June 2, ’42, by Illinois; was pastor of S. Henderson and Ellison June, 1842-Ap., ’46; S. S. at Ross Grove and other places for many years; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch. in 1868, and died on his farm near Harmony, Ill., Dec. 22, 1878. FRENCH, David (A,)*: Was born in Aug., 1783, in Salem, N. Y.; was educated at Union, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Nov. i, 1809, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Aug. 28, 1810, by Chartiers; pastor of North Buf¬ falo, Washington Co., Pa., from July 2, 18ii, until Jan. 3, ’54, when he resigned because of paralysis, and died Mar. 30, 1855. A man of great worth and of good influence every way, and specially distinguished for his ability and unction in prayer. He gave flve sons to the ministry of his church. FRENCH, Danied Houston. D. D. : Son of Rev. David; was born Dec. ii, 1830, in Washing¬ ton Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1857, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June i, 1859, by Mansfield THE MINISTRY. 333 Pres., and ordained May 2, i86i, by Chartiers; was pastor of Chartiers congregation May, i86i-June, ’66; was installed over Mansfield and Monroe, O., in Aug. i866; was released from the latter in i868, and the former in Sept., 1879; pastor of Dayton, O., since Ap. 6, 1880. FRENCH, David Wishart, D. D. (A.)*: Son of the Rev. David; was born May 20, 1818, in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 16, 1846, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 8, ’47, by Cambridge; was pastor of East Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept., 1847-Mar. 28, ’55; of Mercer, Pa., Oct., 1856, until his death; died suddenly Mar. 16, 1875. FRENCH, John McCeEDDAN (A.)*: Son of the Rev. David; was born Nov. 18, 1812, in Buffalo township, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1835, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 8, 1840, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 22, ’41, by the same; was pastor of Noblestown, Pa., from his ordina¬ tion until his death, which occurred Oct. 10, 1843. FRENCH, John McCeeeean: Son of the Rev. David, and half-brother of his namesake; was born July 19, 1844, in Buffalo township, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1868, and studied theology at Xenia and Princeton; was licensed in Ap., 1871, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 27, ’72, by Rock Island; was pastor of North Henderson, Ill., June, 1872-Sept. 30, ’75; of Mercer, Pa., Nov. i, 1875-July 18, ’80; of Cleveland, O., since Ap. 12, 1881. Publication: History of the First United Presbyterian Church of Mercer, 1876. FRENCH, Rensseeaer W. (A.): Was born Mar. ii, 1814, in the town of Wooster, Otsego Co., N. Y.; was educated at Franklin and Muskingum, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1843, by Richland Pres., and ordained in Oct., ’44, by Illinois; pastor of N. Henderson, Ill., with Viola and Rock Island as preaching stations, Oct, 1844-May, ’48; of Somonauk, De Kalb Co. (which he had organized in 1846), with Wheatland, 334 THE MINISTRY. thirty-two miles distant, as preaching station, May, 1848- June, ’60; was installed in the autumn of 1861 for half-time, but gave his whole time at Wilton, Will Co., Ill., a congre¬ gation which he had organized in i860; resigned Sept. 5, ’82. Publication: Pre-millennialism Defended, pp. 66, 1879. FRENCH, William Hanna, D. D. (A.): Son of the Rev. David; was born Nov. 9, 1828, in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1852, and stndied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 17, 1856, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Aug. 27, ’57, by Richland; pastor of Iberia, O., Aug., 1857-Ap., ’70; President of Ohio Central College, Iberia, i868-’70, and pastor in Cincinnati, O., since May, 1870. PULT OM^Andrew (A.) *: Was born andeSucated in Scotland, and licensed Dec. 17, 1793, by the Asso. Pres. (Anti-burgher) of Kilmarnock; was ordained June 28, ^“97, by the Pres, of Perth, with a view to being sent on a mission to the State of Kentucky, in response to an application that had been made to the General Synod by several individuals residing in that State. He and his fellow missionary, the Rev. Robert Armstrong, sailed on the 8th of Aug., and landed at New York Oct. 13, 1797. There being no public conveyance across the Allegheny mountains in those days, they traveled on foot from Carlisle, Pa., to Pitts¬ burgh. As they arrived at Pittsburgh, just at the beginning of winter, it was thought inexpedient that they should at¬ tempt to descend the Ohio river before the next spring. Early in the following spring they descended the river in a flat boat to Maysville, Ky. In Nov., 1798, according to the instruc¬ tions of the General Synod of Scotland, they constituted themselves into the Associate Presbytery of Kentucky, sub¬ ordinate to that Synod. Mr. Fulton was installed in the autumn of 1798 as pastor of the congregation of Drennon’s Creek, Henry Co., Ky. He labored here with great diligence and success for seventeen years, when the greater part of his congregation, from conscientious opposition to slavery, re¬ moved to Carmel, near Madison, in Jefferson Co., Ind. By the direction of Presbytery he followed them in Nov., 1815, and remained their pastor in their new home until his death THE MINISTRY. 335 He died of fever Sept. 10, 1818, in the sixty-third year of his age. FULTON, Andrew Smith (A. R.)*: Was born about 1805 in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1828, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1831, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 28, ’33, by the same; was pastor of Union, Allegheny Co., May, 1833-Aug. 17, ’39; of Peoria, Ill., 1839 -’43; died at Tarentum, Pa., without charge. Mar. 10, 1845. Publication: A Sermon in Vol. V. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. FULTON, James McFarland, D. D. : Brother of William, was born Aug. 31, 1849, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1872, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1876, by Lake Pres., and ordained May i, ’77, by Allegheny; pastor of the Fourth Ch., Allegheny, since ordination. FULTON, John Lockhart, D. D. : Was born Ap. ii, 1836, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth; was licensed Ap. 2, 1863, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained in Ap., ’64, by Le Claire; was pastor of Cedar Rapids, la., 1864-67; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor in Allegheny, Pa. FULTON, Jonathan Gilmore (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 14, 1817, in Pittsburgh; was graduated at the Western University in 1833, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed May 25, 1837, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 5, ’38, by the same; ' was pastor of Puckety and Tarentum June, 1838-Aug. 17, ’39; Blairsville, Pa., Jan., 1840-Ap., ’47; of Turtle Creek, Westmoreland Co., Feb., 1852-Sept., ’59; was appointed chaplain of the 6ist Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers Sept., 1861, but had to resign after some time because of dullness of hearing; organized the con¬ gregation of Braddock’s Field in 1864, and continued in charge until Ap. ii, 1869, and died in Pittsburgh, Ap. 17, 1870. 336 THE MINISTRY. FULTON, WiEUAM*: Was born June ii, 1837, on the Atlantic ocean; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1863, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Oct. 25, ’64, by Conemaugh; was pastor of Indiana, Pa., Oct., 1864-May 4, ’70; of Fourth Allegheny Ch. June 14, 1870, until his death, which occurred in Allegheny June 25, 1873. FULTON, WiELIAM SiGERSON*: Son of Jonathan G.; was born Feb. 14, 1853, East Lib¬ erty, Pa.; was graduated at Yale in 1875, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1877, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 31, ’77, by Westmoreland; was in¬ stalled at Braddock’s Field, Pa., at ordination, bnt resigned on the i6th of the following Oct. because of ill health; S. S. at Stewart’s Station, Pa., and pastor elect of the Eighth Ch., Pittsburgh; died Ap. 20, 1881. GAGER, Stephen Decatur (A. R.): Was born in Windham, Conn., but spent much of his youth in Orange Co., N. Y.; received an academic education, and studied theology in Newburgh; was licensed May 16, 1843, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained, sine titulo^ July 18, ’50, by Mansfield; has always labored in the Home Mission¬ ary field, and has been for many years in Oregon. GAILEY, John: Son of the Rev. Richard; was born in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1865, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 24, ’66, by Butler; pastor of Butler, Pa., 1866-Dec. 26, ’71; of Fourth Ch., Pittsburgh, Mar. 26, 1872-Oct. 17, ’77; of Utica, O., Feb. ii, 1881-June 9, ’85; Millersburg, O., since Jan. 9, 1886. GAILEY, Richard (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 31, 1806, in Letterkenny, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1838, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 30, ’39, by the same; pastor of Sewickly and Mt. Pleasant Ap., 1839-Aug., ’49; of Monroe and connections, O., 1850, until his death, which occurred Ap. 2, 1875, at Lexing- THE MINISTRY. 337 ton, O. During many of his later years he was also engaged in teaching. GALBRAITH, George Thomas: Was born Ap. 22, 1845, Barnet, Vt.; was graduated at Dartmouth College, N. H., and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 15, 1874, by the Vermont Pres., and ordained Sept. 21, ’75, by First New York; was pastor of the 127th St. congregation. New York, from ordination until Aug. i, ’76; of E. Greenwich, N. Y. June 27, 1877-Sept. 5, ’82; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Liberty, N. Y. GALBRAITH, William (A.): Was born July 17, 1808, in Barnet, Vt.; was graduated at Union in 1831, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 8, 1835, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 23, ’36, by Allegheny; was pastor of Freeport and Buffalo, and Warren, in Armstrong Co., Pa., Nov. 1836-’66; Cedar and Unity, la., Dec. 15, 1869-Ap. 15, ’70; Portersville, Butler Co., Sept. 3, 1872-’3; and Sutton, Mass., since Oct. 12, ’86. GALLOWAY, James (A. R.)*: Was born in Westmoreland Co., Pa., Aug. 4, 1786; was graduated at Jefferson in 1805, and commenced the study of the law, but the death of his preceptor was the means 01 changing his thoughts and purposes, so that in the autumn of 1806 he entered the Seminary in New York under Dr. Mason. He was licensed June 28, 1810, by the Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 10, ’ii, by the same, and installed pastor of Mercer, Shenango and Mahoning. He resigned the last Ap. 12, ’15, and the other two Ap. 8, ’18, because of declining health, and died May 21, 1818, of consumption. GALLOWAY, John Bunyan: Was born Ap. 4, 1843, Ayrshire, Scotland; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in the spring of 1873, Monmouth Pres., and ordained Dec. 19, ’74, by Le Claire; was pastor of Clarence, la., Dec., 1874-July 15, ’79; of Vernon, Wis., since Dec. 28, 1881; was corporal in the i42d Illinois regiment in the civil war. 338 THE MINISTRY. GALLOWAY, John Mason (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. James; was born Jan. 8, 1813, in Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1832, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1836, by Lake Pres., and ordained May 23, ’37, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Shenango, May, 1837-Aug., ’38; of Herman’s Creek (now Paris) June 12, 1839-55; left the church, and was pastor of the Presbyterian congregation in Clearfield, Pa., 1857-64; died Ap. 4, 1865, of consumption. gamble, James M. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 8, 1810, at Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1829, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 14, 1832, by First Ohio, and ordained Sept. 10, ’33, by the same; was pastor of Bellefontaine, O., from ordination to death; he died Dec. 19, 1842. GAMBLE, John (A. R.)*: Was received June 22, 1825, Belfast Pres, of the United Secession Ch. of Ireland by the Pres, of Monongahela; was rebuked for drunkenness in 1825; suspended in 1826, and deposed Oct. 4, 1828. GARGES, WiEiviAM Louis: Was born Ap. 10, 1849, Fincastle, Va.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 17, 1879, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, 1880, by Southern Illinois; was pastor at Hopewell, Perry Co., Ills., from ordination to Dec. 6, ’81; of Beulah, Crawford Co., Kans., Oct. 18, 1882-Ap. 8, ’85; Nortonville, since June 16, 1885. GARVIN, James Stewart: Was graduated at Westminster, in 1879, and studied theol¬ ogy at Allegheny; was licensed June 28, 1881, by Beaver Valley Pres., and ordained Dec. 20, ’82, by Westmoreland; pastor at West Newton, Pa., Dec. 20, 1882- GEHRETT, J. A.: Was ordained Sept. 6, 1875, by the Pittsburgh Methodist Conference; joined the United Presbyterian Ch. in 1881; pas¬ tor of Colona and Pleasant Unity, Ill., Jan., 1883-Ap., ’84; Cedar Creek, Ill., June 9, 1884-Ap. 15, ’85. THE MINISTRY. 339 GELLATIyY, Alexander (A.)*: Was born about the years i720-’2, in Perth, Scotland; was liberally educated, and studied theology in the Anti-burgher Hall; was licensed in the spring of 1752, and ordained in Aug. of the same year, with the view of going under synodic appointment to America in answer to repeated applications from families in Chester and Lancaster counties, in Pennsyl¬ vania. He was the father of the Secession Church in Amer¬ ica. In company with the Rev. Andrew Arnot, of Midholm, who remained in the country only a year, he sailed in the early summer of 1753 for America, and in Lancaster Co., Pa., on the 2d of Nov. of the same year, these two organized the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, subordinate to the Asso. (Anti¬ burgher) Synod of Scotland. This was during the period of the Great Schism in the Presbyterian Church, and the New¬ castle Pres, belonging to the “New Side” Synod of New York, and which had been organized to antagonize the Done¬ gal Pres., which adhered to the “Old Side” Synod of Phila¬ delphia, invited Arnot and Gellatly to cast in their lot with them. This they resused to do, and forthwith that Presby¬ tery issued a warning to their churches against these men as schismatics and separatists (forgetting the raison d'^etre of their own Presbytery and Synod), and as being heretical on the gospel offer, the nature of faith, etc. Mr. Gellatly an¬ swered this in a book of two hundred and forty pages. Messrs. Findley and Smith of the Presbytery replied, and Mr. Gellatly followed with a rejoinder of two hundred and three pages. This unexpected controversy ended favorably to the Seceders, for it brought them prominently before the public. Mr. Gellatly settled at Middle Octoraro, in Lancaster Co., and Oxford, Chester Co. Here he labored with great dili¬ gence during the remainder of his life. He died Mar. 12, 1761, leaving a widow and an infant daughter, neither of whom long survived him. He was a man of vigorous intel¬ lect, of great wit, and of gentle and amiable spirit. He never wavered in his adherence to what he believed to be truth, and never shrunk from any effort or sacrifice necessary to its defence. 340 THE MINISTRY. GELVIN, Daniee McEean: Was born Nov. 6, 1832, in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1866, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 30, ’67, by Detroit; pastor of Davisville, Sanilac Co., Mich., 1867-72; has since been in the Domestic Missionary field in Kansas. GEORGE, David Patterson*: Was born Aug. 26, 1847, Mechanicstown, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 16, 1874, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Aug. 23, ’78, by Wis¬ consin; after missionating in the West was S. S. at Caledonia, Wis., Ap., 1878-Oct., ’80; at Marysville, Tenn., spring of 1881 till his death, Aug. 10, 1881. GEORGE, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born and educated and licensed in Scotland; came to the U. S. in 1830, and was ordained Sept. 21, 1831, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; was pastor of White Lake, Sullivan Co., N. Y., 1831-’2; passed to the Presbyterian Ch. in Canada, and was there pastor of Stratford, and afterward at Scarborough, and was then Vice-Principal of Queen’s Col¬ lege at Kingston, Upper Canada, until his death, which took place in 1870. GEORGE, Robert Alexander : Was born Oct. 22, 1856, at Scroggsfield, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1885, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Oct. 4, ’86, by First Kansas; pastor at Lawrence, Kan., since ordination. GETTY, George Hare: Was born Feb. 5, 1857, at West Hebron, N. Y., and was graduated at Westminster in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. i, 1884, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained July 15, ’84, by Monongahela; pastor at Mt. Gilead, July 15, 1884-Sept. 22, ’85; New Kingston, N. Y., June 26, 1886- THE MINISTRY. 341 GIBNEY, Joseph Carson: Was born Nov. ii, 1852, near Uniontown, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1881, and studied theol¬ ogy at Xenia; was licensed Aug. 18, 1885, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained June 9, ’86, by Sidney; was pastor 01 Buckland, Auglaize Co., and Macedon, Mercer Co., O., since ordination. GIBSON, James Patterson: Brother of Dr. Matthew; was born Aug. 10, 1849, near Ox¬ ford, Chester Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was li¬ censed Mar. 26, 1873, by the Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 22, ’74, by Detroit; pastor of Troy and Southfield, Oak¬ land Co., Mich., from ordination till Jan. 4, ’84; Bad Axe, Mich., Sept. 2, 1884-June 3, ’85; De Witt, la., Aug. 26, 1885- GIBSON, John Dunlap, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Aug. 20, 1815, in Cambridge, N. Y.; was edu¬ cated academically, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 2, 1838, by Washington Pres., and ordained Jan. 6, ’39, by Caledonia; was pastor of Seneca, Ontario Co., N. Y., Jan. 1839-spring of ’44, and of Stamford, Delaware Co., N. Y., Feb. 5, 1845-Dec. 29, ’85; has been President of Delaware Co. Bible Society for more than 40 years. Publica¬ tions: The Great Commission, a Sermon, 1859; Christ, the Infallible Teacher and Sovereign Saviour, a Sermon. GIBSON, John Henry: Brother of Dr. Matthew; was born Aug. 10, 1852, near Ox¬ ford, Chester Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap. 1874, by Detroit Pres., and ordained Dec. 14, ’76, by Mercer; was pas¬ tor of the First Ch., New Wilmington, Pa., Dec., 1876-Ap. I, ’80; of Johnstown, Cambria Co., Pa., June 27, 1881-June 8, 86; Connellsville, Pa., Sept. 6, 1887- GIBSON, JosiAH Hutchman: Was born Mar. 3, 1847, Centerville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1873, studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1875, by the First Ohio, and ordained Mar. 13, ’77, by Southern Illinois; pastor of Coultersville, Ills,, Mar. 13, 1877-Aug, 3, ’86. 342 THE MINISTRY. GIBSON, Matthew McCormick, D. D. : Was born Dec. ii, 1837, near Oxford, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in May, 1863, Philadelphia Pres., and ordained July, 21, ’64, by Sidney; was pastor at Sidney, O., July, 1864- Feb. 28, ’67; was sent as S. S. to the congregation in San Francisco, Cal., in 1867, and has been pastor of it since 1869; was Moderator of the Gen. Ass. of 1887. GIBSON, William M., D. D. (A.): Was born Jan. 26, 1832, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Washington in 1851, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed Oct. 3, 1854, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 29, ’55; was pastor of North Buffalo, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa., 1855-N0V. 12, ’61; of Millersburg and Dalton, O., for two years, and then the former alone, 1863-’73; West Charlton, N. Y., Oct. 30, 1873-Sept, i, ’78; of Newark, N. J., Sept. 26, 1878-Feb. 7, ’81; Jane street, N. Y., Feb. 22, 1881- June 19, ’83. GIFFBN, John: Was born Aug. i, 1846, near St. Clairsville, O.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1871; studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1874, by Wheeling Pres., and, having been appointed to the foreign missionary field, was ordained Jan. 26, ’75, by the same, and sailed on the loth of Feb. for Egypt, where he has since labored, mainly in the educational department of the Mission at Asyoot. GIFFEN, John Kelly: Was born June 3, 1853, Clairsville, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1879, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1881, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained June 14, ’81, by the same, and joined the Egyptian Mission, and is located at Asyoot. GIECHRIST, Alexander: Was born Mar. 25, 1856, in West Hebron, N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Wooster in 1879, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 7, 1881, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 13, ’82, by First Ohio; pastor at Richmond, Ind., since ordination. THE MINISTRY. 343 GILFILLAN, Andrew Boyd: Was born Feb. 12, 1842, in Upper St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1864, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1867, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 12, ’69, by Caledonia; pastor of Cov¬ ington, Wyoming Co., N. Y., since ordination. GIIvFILLAN, Robert Addison: Was born Jan. 16, 1844, at North Uiberty, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 8, 1878, by Butler Pres., and ordained Sept. 16, ’79, by the same; pastor of Mt. Varnum and West Unity, Butler Co., Pa., from ordination to Ap. 4, ’82; Calcutta, O., Jan. 26, 1883-Ap. 20, ’85; Wooster, O., Sept. 22, 1885-Jan. 19, ’86; Turtle Creek, Pa., Dec. 21, 1886. GIUKERSON, Thomas (A.)*: Was born in 1814 in Caledonia, Vt.; was graduated at Jef¬ ferson in 1834, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July i, 1839, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in Oct, ’40, by Allegheny; was pastor of Conemaugh and War¬ ren, Armstrong Co., Pa., from ordination until ’54, and the latter until his death. He died at Apollo, Feb. 10, 1859, congestion of the lungs. GIUKEY, Seth Widson: Was born Nov. 2, 1850, near Wheeler, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster, in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 30, 1880, by Mercer Pres., and was ordained Dec. 29, ’81, by Garnett; pastor of Berea and Greely, Anderson Co., Kans., Dec. 29, i88i-Ap. 8, ’85; Prof, in Tarkio College, Mo., since 1885. GIEE, Jonathan (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 9, 1777, in Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1810, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Seminary in Philadelphia; was licensed in 1814 by the Reformed Presbyterian Pres, of Pittsburgh, and ordained in ’16 by the same; was pastor at Xenia, O., i8i6-’23;at Thomp¬ son’s Run, Pa., 1823-33; joined the Asso. Ref Ch. in 1840; was for years a Prof in the Western University, and also the Principal of an Academy. He died in Ap., 1846, after a short but severe illness. 344 THE MINISTRY. GILLESPIE, John (A.): Was born Ap. 23, 1823, Banbridge, Ireland; was gradu¬ ated at Belfast College, and studied theology in the General Assembly’s Seminary; was licensed in May, 1848, by the Ban- bridge Pres.; was received by the Asso. Pres, of Albany June 20, 1850, and ordained June 26, ’51, by Stamford; pastor of Milton, Halton Co., Ontario, Canada, June 26, 1851-Sept, ii, 1883. GILLESPIE, Jonathan (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 9, 1830, of Covenanter parentage, on the Walkill, Orange Co., N. Y., but reared within the bounds of the Asso. Ref. congregation of Bloomingburg; was graduated at Union in 1850, and studied theology at Newburgh and at Due West, in S. C.; was licensed May 19, 1852, by the New York Pres., and ordained Dec. 29, ’53, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Hamptonburg, N. Y., 1853-Feb., ’57; accepted Jan. 23, ’57, a call to Hebron, N. Y., and while making arrange¬ ments for the removal of his family was taken ill, and died on the 22d of Ap. A young man of great excellence and promise. GILLESPIE, WiEEiAM John: Was born Oct. 3, 1842, in Ballynahinch, county Down, Ire¬ land; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied the¬ ology in the Ref. Pres. Seminary, Allegheny, Pa.; was li¬ censed in Ap., 1868, by the Ref. Pres, of Allegheny, and or¬ dained Oct., 17, ’69, by the Ref. Pres, of Illinois; installed at Old Bethel in 1869, and Sparta, Ill. (U. P.), Nov. ii, 1870- Aug. 14, ’77; Charles street, N. Y., Aug. 30, 1877-June 16, ’79; Jordan’s Grove, Ill., Dec. 16, 1879-Dec. 26, ’83; Union, Ill., Jan. 9, 1884-May 8, ’86. GILMORE, John (A. R.): Was born Nov. 21, 1818, in Harrison Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny and Newburgh; was licensed July 6, 1841, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’42, by Monongahela; pastor of Tarentum and Harmansville, Pa., Sept., 1842-Dec. i, ’56; of Tranquillity, O., May 10, 1857-Feb. 9, ’71; Sugar Run and Unionville, O., Ap. ii, 1871-Ap. 15, ’74; of Unity and THE MINISTRY. 345 Ewart, near Oskaloosa, la., from Mar. 27, 1876; resigned Unity Ap. 10, ’82. GIVEN, James (A. R.): Was born Feb. 2, 1823, Cullybackey, county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1853, Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained Sept. 12, ’54, by the same; was pas¬ tor of East and West Union, Allegheny Co., Pa., Sept., 1854 -Sept. 22, ’57; of Puckety and Eogan’s Ferry June 21, 1859- Ap. 8, ’73; of Richmond, Susquehanna and Oakland, Indiana Co., Pa., Oct. 16, 1876; added Plum Creek, in 1879, and dropped Oakland in 1882. He never missed a recitation dur¬ ing the four years of his seminary course, and never missed preaching on a single Sabbath, from illness, since his licen¬ sure, and never took a vacation. Served seven weeks in the militia, time of Lee’s invasion, and a short period in the Christian Commission at Louisville, Ky. Publication: A Fast Day Sermon, 1863. GLADSTONE, Wiluam R.*: Was born Mar. 4, 1840, in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1865, and studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1866, by the Delaware Pres., and ordained Sept. 8, ’68, by Argyle; was pastor of E. Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept., 1868 -Jan. 2, ’77; died Feb. 13, 1877, of consumption. GLASS, Samuee James: Was born at Remington, Allegheny Co., Pa., Feb. 26, 1854; was graduated at the Western University in 1875, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1877, by Monon- gahela Pres., and ordained June ii, ’78, by Butler; pastor of Kittanning, Pa., June ii, 1878-Nov. 21, ’84; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and is located at Brookville, Pa. GLEN, James Wilson (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 28, 1821, in Saratoga Co., N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Oberlin College in 1852, and studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed Ap. ii, 1855, by the First Illinois, and ordained Dec. 28, ’55, by the same; was pastor of Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill., 1855-July ii, ’66; of Neshannoc, Wis., 22 346 THE MINISTRY. 1867-’69; installed over Marissa and Mud Creek, St. Clair Co., Ill., May, 1872; dropped the latter in Jan., ’74, and died at Marissa, June 18, 1879, consumption. GLENN, John D. (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 24, 1827, West End, Pittsburgh; was graduated at Duquesne College in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Mar. 28, 1849, ^7 First Ohio Pres., and ordained June 15, ’50, by Michigan; was pastor of Murray and Warren, Wells Co., Ind., June, i85C)-Oct., ’52; of Salem, Boone Co., Ind., 1854-Oct. 12, ’58; of Mifflin, Allegheny Co., Pa., Feb. 25, 1859-Dec. 3, ’61; chaplain in the army for a short period; pastor of New Brighton, Pa., Ap. 14, 1863-Aug. 6, ’67; of Salem, Ind., 1870-’74; of Centre and Wurtemburg, Lawrence Co., Pa., Nov. 17, 1874-Ap. 12, ’81; died Feb. 4, 1883, at Great Bend, Kan., of paralysis. GLOVER, Samuee (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 6, 1852, by Springfield Pres., and ordained by Second Illinois in the spring of ’54; pastor of Peoria, Ill., 1854-’57; was deposed from the ministry for immorality in 1858; died in July, 1859. GOLDEN, James (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 3,1823, near Harlem Springs, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1849, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Sept. 17, ’50, by the same; pastor of Carrollton and Conotton, O., June, 1851-57; Lebanon and Yellow Creek, same Presbytery, 1857 ^^itil his death. Sept. 22, 1869. Publication: A Sermon, in Vol. III. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Church. GOLDEN, William James: Was born Jan. 27, 1858, at Gavers, Columbiana Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 18, 1883, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’85, by Frankfort; S. S. at Los An¬ geles, Cal., July, 1883-’4; pastor of Service, Beaver Co., Pa., Sept., 1885- THE MINISTRY. 347 GOODWILUE^ David (A.)*: Was born Dec. 26, 1749, in Tanshall, fifteen miles north of Edinburgh, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology with Prof. Moncrieff, of Alloa; was licensed by the Associate Presbytery of Kirkcaldy in Oct, 1778. Under the direction of the Synod he supplied vacant churches in Ireland and the North of England, as well as in Scotland, until in 1787, when he was appointed to go to America. He arrived in New York on the 5th of May, 1788, and was received by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania on the 28th of the same month, and was ordained, sine titiilo^ on the 31st of the following Oct. in Philadelphia. On July 5, ’90, he was called to Barnet, in Vermont, and was installed as pastor on the 8th of the following February. He gave one-sixth of his time to the church in Ryegate untill 1822, and continued as pastor in Barnet until his death, Aug. 2, 1830. He was the first Presbyterian minister settled in Ver¬ mont, and remained for nine years as the only settled minister of any denomination in the county of Caledonia. He served his people amidst the privations of pioneer life in various ways. In 1805 he represented his town in the Eegislature of the State. In 1807 he was chosen Town Clerk and Town Treasurer, and was reelected every year until 1827, declined. In 1808 he was appointed the first postmaster in Barnet, and held the office for ten years. Having studied medicine in Scotland, he was for a number of years the only physician in the community. GOODWILEIE, David, D. D. (A.): Son of David Goodwillie; was born in Barnet, Vt., Aug. 28, 1802; was graduated at Dartmouth, N. H., in 1820; stud¬ ied theology under Dr. Banks in Philadelphia; was licensed Sept. 23, 1823, Cambridge Pres., and ordained and installed Ap. 26, 1826, by the Asso. Pres, of Ohio, as pastor of the congregations of Poland, Eiberty and Deer Creek, in Eastern Ohio, the families of which were scattered over fourteen town¬ ships. Feb. 26, 1833, he resigned the charge of Deer Creek, and Ap. 12, ’59, that of Poland, and on the 9th of Aug. 1875, that of Eiberty. 348 THE MINISTRY. GOODWIIvIvIE, David Henderson (A.): Son of the Rev. Dr. David Goodwillie; was born Oct. 25, 1828, in New Bedford, Pa.; was graduated in 1850 at Jeffer¬ son, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Sept. 25, 1853, by the Pres, of Shenango, and ordained Sept. 27, ’55, by Stamford; was pastor of Stamford, in Canada West, Sept., 1855-May, ’61; Commerce, Mich., June 18, 1861-July 12, ’82; Fort Gratiot, S. S. and P., 1882; was Professor of Natural Sciences in Westminster College in 1853-’4. Publi¬ cations: God’s Hand in the War, a Pamphlet, 1865; Counsels to Youth, a Tract, 18 pages, 1880. GOODWIIvUE, Thomas, D. D. (A.)*: Son of David Goodwillie; was born in Barnet, Vt., Sept. 27, 1800; was graduated at Dartmouth, N. H., in 1820; studied theology with Dr. Banks, and was licensed Sept. 23, 1823, by Cambridge Pres.; was ordained and installed Sept. 28, ’26, by the same as assistant and successor of his father in Barnet, where he remained until his death, Feb. ii, 1867. In 1827 Legislature of Vermont invited him to open its session with a sermon, which he did, and the Legislature gave him a unanimous vote of thanks, published the sermon, which was a faithful exhibition of the Legislature’s moral responsi¬ bilities and duties, and elected him chaplain for the session. Publications: Historical Sketches of Caledonia County, Ver¬ mont, and of the Town of Barnet; Biography of Governor Mattocks, of Vermont; Biographical Sketch of his father, in Sprague’s Annals. GORDON, Albert: Was born Mar. 5, 1858, near Hanover, Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 18, 1883, by Indiana Pres., and was ordained Oct. 21, ’84, by Des Moines; pastor at Chariton (j^) Oct, 1884- and Lacona Ap. 21, 1885- GORDON, Alexander (A.)*: Was born in 1789, in Montrose, Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology with Pro¬ fessor Paxton; was licensed June 25, 1817, and four weeks afterward sailed for America in company with the Rev. Peter THE MINISTRY. 349 Bullions. He united with the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia in Oct. of the same year, and was ordained by this Pres., Aug. 20, ’i8; pastor at Guinston, York Co., Pa., Aug. 20, 1818- Oct. 20, ’25; pastor of Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., July 2, 1828-Aug. 3, ’42, and of Johnstown, Fulton Co., N. Y., July, 1844, till his death, which occurred suddenly from an attack of cholera morbus, Aug. 20, 1845. Publications: Nu¬ merous and elaborate essays published in the Religious Mon- itor. GORDON, Andrew, D. D. (A)*: Son of Alexander; was born Sept. 17, 1828, in Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850; studied theology at Canonsburg, and was licensed Nov. 2, 1853, Asso. Pres, of Albany; was appointed by Synod to go as misionary to Sialkot, in North India, in view of which he was ordained Aug. 29, 1854, by the Pres, of Albany, and sailed in Sept. He came home in 1865 greatly debilitated and remained so for years, but having gained strength to war¬ rant active labors he returned in 1875 to Northern India and was located at Gurdaspur; returned home on a visit. Died Aug. 13, 1887. was preparing a version of the Psalms in the Urdoo language. Publication: Our India Mission, 8vo, pp. 516, 1886. GORDON, David (A.)*: Was born in 1804, in Montrose, Scotland, and came to this country with his elder brother, Alexander, in 1817; studied theology with the Rev. Alex. Bullions, D. D., and was li¬ censed in June, 1830, by the Cambridge Pres.; was ordained May 2, ’32, by the same, and installed as pastor in Hast Salem, Washington Co., N. Y.; was chosen in 1843 Asso. Synod as a missionary to the Island of Trinidad; re¬ signed his charge June 20, 1843, sailed soon afterward for Trinidad, where he died Dec. 24, 1844. GORDON, David M. (A.)*: Son of the Rev. Alex.; was born Dec. 29, 1832, in Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1859, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Dec. 31, 1861, by the Pres, of Xenia, and ordained Nov. ii, ’64, by Philadelphia; pastor of the Fourth Ch., Philadelphia, Nov. ii, 1864-’67; of 350 THE MINISTRY. Cedar Rapids, la., Ap., 1868-summer of ’74; of Unionville and Sugar Run, O., Jan., 1875-Ap., ’78, and S. S. at Evans, Colorado, from May, 1878, and died Aug. 23, 1880, from con¬ sumption. GORDON, Henry (A.): Was born in the county of Meath, in Ireland, Jan. i, 1826; was educated classically in his native country, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Seminary in Philadelphia; was li¬ censed in Ap., 1848, by the Northern Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Ch., and was ordained in July, ’48, by the same; spent two years as a missionary in Nova Scotia; was pastor of the Ref. Pres, congregation at Flackville, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 1850-’57; and of the Asso. congregation at Coila, Washing¬ ton Co., N. Y., since Sept, i, 1857; was for a time chaplain of the 123d New York regiment. Publications: Several Ad¬ dresses to Young Men. GORDON, John Alexander, D. D. : Was born in Henderson Co., Ills.; was graduated at Mon¬ mouth in 1868, and was for several years Prof, of English Lit¬ erature in his alma mater; studied theology privately; was licensed Feb. 7, 1876, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Nov. 24, ’76, by Monongahela; pastor of the Ninth Ch., Pittsburgh, Nov., 1876-Mar. 29, ’81; Princeton, Ind., June 12, 1883- GORDON, John McDaniel (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 8, 1813, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1837; studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 22, 1840, by the Pres, of Springfield, and ordained Sept, 8, 1841 by the same; was pastor of Piqua, O., Sept, 1841-’50; labored for several years as a missionary in the west; organized a congregation at Berlin, Sangamon Co., Ilk, and was its pastor Oct, 1854-’60; was financial agent of Monmouth College for a year; was pastor of Harmony, Peoria Co., Ilk, June, 1862-’69; was S. S. and afterward pastor of Fairfax, la.. Mar., 1869, until his death, which occurred Sept 28, 1871, from paralysis. Publication: A Sermon, in Vok V. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Ch. GORDON, Peter (A. R.)*: Was born in 1801 in Glasgow, Scotland, and was graduated THE MINISTRY. 351 at the University of that city, and studied theology there for two years; came to this country in 1827, finished his the¬ ological course with Dr. Alex. Bullions and under the care of the Asso. Pres, of Cambridge. He changed his ecclesiastical connection and was licensed July 9, 1829, Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington, N. Y., and was ordained, sine titulo^ by the same, on the 29th of the following October. For three years he performed missionary work in Northern New York and Canada; became S. S. of West Cambridge, Washington Co., in 1832, and when that young enterprise returned to the mother Ch. in Cambridge in 1835 he became pastor of the consolidated congregation, and so remained till 1840; was pas¬ tor of Jane St. Ch., New York city, 1840-’46; of Thompson- ville. Conn., Ap. 2, 1847-’52; of Lowell, Mass., for a year, and then sailed to Australia, where he spent three or four years in very active and self-sacrificing ministerial work. After his return he supplied two or three congregations for a short time, and died at West Cambridge, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1865, from a tumor. Publications: A Sermon, in Vol. V. of the Pulpit of the Asso. Ref. Ch.; numerous letters in the Christia^t Instructor. GORDON, William Wilbkrforce: Was born July 22, 1853, Haven, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 2, 1879, ^Y F'irst Ohio, and ordained Sept. 10, ’80, by Le Claire; was S. S. at Andrew and Bethel, Jackson Co., la., July, 1879-Sept. ’80, and installed as pas¬ tor Sept. 15, 1880, and resigned Ap. 10, ’85; Fresno, Cal., since Feb. 21, 1887. GOWDY, George W. (A. R.)*: Was born June 23, 1823, Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1841; studied theology at Oxford, O., and two annual sessions at Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed 1848 by the Pres, of Springfield, and ordained in the summer of’50 by the same; was pastor of Vernon, Wis., i850-’4; S. S. at Columbus, O., 1856-’8; was several years co-editor of the Presbyterian Witness in Cincinnati; was pastor of Fair- view, Guernsey Co., O., Ap. 22, 1863-7; Principal of the Academy at McKeesport, Pa., and died Sept. 21, 1869. 352 THE MINISTRY. GOWDY, James Brown: Son of the Rev. George W. Gowdy, and grandson of the Rev. Dr. John Graham; was born Ap. 24, 1853, at West Union, Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 2, 1879, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 15, ’80, by Des Moines; pastor at North English, la., June, 1880-May, ’81; S. S. Mount Joy and Scioto, O., 1882-86; Oak Grove, Ill., Sept. 15, 1886- GRACE Y, Robert, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 10, 1811, near Newville, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1836, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Aug. 3, ’37, by Big Spring; was installed at the same time pastor of Chambersburg and Concord, Franklin Co., Pa.; was released from Concord Oct. 18, ’43, and installed for half-time Oct. 30, ’44, at Gettysburg; resigned Gettysburg Oct. 10, ’49, and Chambersburg Oct. 20, ’52; pastor of the Fourth A. R. Ch., Pittsburgh, 1852-Dec. 31, ’67; was en¬ dowment agent of the Allegheny Seminary, and died July 10, 1871, from general nervous debility. GRAHAM, Andrew Jackson: Was born Oct. 5, 1833, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1866, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 15, ’70, by Des Moines; was pastor of St. Charles, Madison Co., la., June, 1870-Oct., ’72, and since Jan., 1873, been editor of a paper in Indi- anola, Warren Co., Iowa. GRAHAM, Edwin Brown: Was born Jan. 25, 1851, at Oquawka, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia; was li¬ censed Ap. 13, 1876, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’76, by the same; was pastor of Birmingham, la.. Sept., 1876- Ap. 5, ’80; Omaha, Neb., since May 13, 1880. Publica¬ tions: The Conscious Existence of the Soul After Death, pp. 48, 1879; In the Coils, i2mo., pp. 352, 1882. THE MINISTRY. 353 GRAHAM, Henry (A. R.)*: Was received from the Pres, of Root, Ireland, Aug. i, 1821, by the Pres, of Monongahela. * * * GRAHAM, Henry Quigeey (A. R.): Son of the Rev. Dr. John; was born in Washington Co., Pa., July 20, 1824; was graduated at Washington in 1849, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 14, 1852, by the Pres, of Chillicothe, and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 20, ’54, by the same; served as a home missionary in Mil¬ waukee, July, 1853-July, ’55; was pastor of Bethel, Indiana Co., and Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Sept. 20, 1856- Dec. 10, ’73; Homer City and Crete, same county, since Dec. 9, 1874. GRAHAM, James Douglass: Was born Ap. 18, 1848, in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 9, 1874, by First New York, and ordained Mar. 22, ’76, by Garnett; pastor at Chetopah, Labette Co., Kan., Mar. 22, 1876-Jan. 19, ’86; now Synodic Missionary. GRAHAM, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Ap. 17, 1789, in Dauphin Co., Pa.; was educated in the Philadelphia Academy under Drs. Wylie and Gray; studied theology in the Seminary in New York; was licensed in the spring of 1819 by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 30, ’20, by the same; was pastor of Cross Roads and Washington, Washington Co., Pa., Aug. 30, 1820-Oct. 8, ’29; of Sycamore and Hopkinsville, Warren Co., O., May, 1830-’34; of Greenfield and Fall Creek, O., i834-’9; of West Union and West Fork, Adams Co., 1841, until his death, July 14, 1849. Prof, of Languages in Washington College, Pa., 1823-’8, Principal of the Academy in Chil¬ licothe 1839-’40. Publications: A Sermon, in Vol. II of the Pulpit of the Associate Reformed Church. GRAHAM, John (A.)*: Was born in 1794 in Montrose, in Scotland, and when fif¬ teen years old had his hip joint dislocated, which lamed him for life, and turned his thoughts from being a sailor, and ulti- 354 THK MINISTRY. mately brought him under the Seceder influences which moulded his life. He became a tailor and settled in Edin¬ burgh in the employment ,of an elder in Dr. Jamieson’s church (Seceder). He became anxious to study for the min¬ istry, but his relatives, some of whom were wealthy, belonged to the Kirk, and would give no assistance. By working at his trade and teaching school he procured the means, and was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology with Professor Paxton, who declined going into the union of 1820. He was one of the six students that composed Professor Paxton’s first class in his newly organized hall; was licensed by the original Seceders at Kilwinning in 1829 the Pres, of Ayr; sailed for the U. S. in Sept, 1831; united with the Pres, of Albany, and was ordained by the same in Oct, ’32; was pastor of Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., Oct, 1832-Sept., ’53; in 1856 he went to Iowa for the benefit of his health, and purchased a farm near Winterset, in Madison Co., where he died Ap. 22, 1870. Publications: An Autobi¬ ography and Sermons, pp. 206, 1870; and a large number of articles in the Evangelical Repository^ mainly condensed ser¬ mons over the signature, ‘ ‘ Delaware. ’ ’ GRAHAM, John French*: Was born July 8, 1835, in Washington Co., Pa., and when seven years old removed with his parents to Warren Co., Ill.; was graduated at Washington, la., in i860, and studied the¬ ology one year at Xenia and two at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 3, 1862, by the Pres, of Monmouth, and ordained Sept. 30, ’63, by the same; was pastor of Fairfield, Marshall Co., Ill., Sept. 1863-June, ’65; supplied in vacancies as his feeble health would allow for five years; was pastor of Kingsville, Mo., Sept. 30, 1870-Oct., ’73; was laid aside for three years by ill health; moved to Denver, Col., in 1876, for sake of the clim¬ ate, and was soon after elected chaplain of the House of Rep¬ resentatives in the State* Eegislature. Died Nov. 8, 1880, of consumption. GRAHAM, John McKee (A. R.): Was born Ap. 28, 1816, in Todd Co., Ky.; was graduated at Miami in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 15, 1841, by First Ohio, and ordained THE MINISTRY. 355 by the same June 22, ’42; was pastor of Mt. Pleasant, O., Ap., 1842-June, ’47; of Broadalbin, N. Y., Jan., 1848-Dec., ’57; of Elmira, Ill., Dec., 1857-Nov., ’65; treasurer and finan¬ cial agent of Monmouth College Nov., 1865-’7; pastor of Har¬ rison, la., 1876-9; resides at Pasadena, Cal., without charge. GRAHAM, Russell: Was born Feb. 24, 1847, Reynoldsburg, Franklin Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied the¬ ology at Monmouth and Xenia; was licensed in the spring of 1872 by the Pres, of Chicago, and ordained Ap. 29, ’73, by Monmouth; pastor at Biggsville, Ill., Ap. 29, ’73-’86; Prof, in Monmouth College since 1886. Publication: Sabbath School Notes, Ap.-Oct., 1879. GRAHAM, Samuel H. : Was born Ap. 25, 1834, at Reynoldsburgh, Franklin Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster, in 1858, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, ’60, by Sidney Pres., and ordained Aug. 12, ’62, by Frankfort; was pastor at Bur- gettstown, Washington Co., Pa., Aug., 1862-June 6, ’71; Seventh Avenue, New York city. Sept. 20, 1871-Oct. 27, ’74, and at Bellevue, Allegheny Co., Pa., since Dec. 22, 1874. GRAHAM, William James: Was born Sept. 17, 1854, at Wattsville, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 18, 1883, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Oct. 15, ’83, by College Springs; pastor of Rock Valley, la., Oct. ’83-Dec. i, ’84; Salineville, O., Dec. 17, ’84-Sept.,’86. GRAHAM, William Mills (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 5, 1814, in Todd Co., Ky.; was graduated at Miami in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 15, 1841, by First Ohio, and or¬ dained in the summer of ’44 by Illinois; was pastor of Union and Sparta, Randolph Co., Ill., summer of 1844-Sept., ’47; Virginia Grove and Harrison, Louisa Co., la., July, 1850- ’60; of Spring Grove, Warren Co., Ill., i860-’63; died Dec. 5) 1863. 356 THE MINISTRY. GRAHAM, William McCreary*: Was born Sept 20, 1834, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Madison College in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained June 13, ’67, by Delaware; was pastor at E. Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., 1867-8; was S. S. at Cass Centre, la., for a number of years; joined the Presbyte¬ rian Ch., and died at Atlantic, la.. Sept. 21, 1886. JQORAY^ames, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 25, 1770, in Corvoam, Monoghan Co., Ire¬ land; was graduated at the University of Glasgow in 1793, and studied theology with Dr. John Rogers, of Ballybay, Ireland; was licensed by the Burgher Pres, of Monoghan in 1796, and sailed for the U. S. in May, 1797; joined the Pres, of Wash¬ ington Sept. 20, and was by it ordained and installed at Heb¬ ron, Washington Co., N. Y., on the 13th of Nov., ’97; resigned Oct. 26, 1803, and was pastor of Spruce St, Philadelphia, for ten or twelve years. During the greater part of this time he and Dr. S. B. Wylie conducted a classical academy of great celeb¬ rity. He then moved to Baltimore and • opened a select school for six or eight years, and in the spring of 1823 retired to Gettysburg, Pa., to make his home with his step-son, the Rev. C. G. McEean, where he died Sept. 20, 1824. ^ scholar of remarkable attainments. Publications: Present Duty, a Sermon; The Priesthoods of Melchisedec, Aaron and the Lord Jesus Christ, i2mo.; The Fiend of the Reformation Detected; Concio ad Clerum; The Meditorial Reign of the Son of God, 8vo.; The Theological Review^ one year. GRAY, John Alexander: Was born June 6, 1848, in Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1873, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed by Muskingum Pres., Ap. 16, 1879, and ordained, sine titulo^ Aug. 16, ’81, by the same; was Prof, of Mathe¬ matics in Central College, Ohio, 1874-5, and has been Prof, of Mathematics in Muskingum College since 1876. GRAY, Robert (A. R.)*: Was born in 1823 Hamilton, O.; was graduated at Union in 1849, studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., THE MINISTRY. 357 1855, by Indiana Pres, and ordained in Aug., ’56, by the same; pastor at Eden, Ind., May, 1856-Ap.,’62; at Summer¬ ville, Ind., Ap., 1862-’65; S. S. at Boonville and Buffalo, 1866-’8; infirm for a period; pastor of Murray and connec¬ tions, Ind., Ap. 9, i 873-’9; Lone Grove, Neb., Jan. 24, 1882- ’6; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1886, and died Feb. 17, 1887. GREEN, James (A. R.)*: Was born in Jan., 1798, in county Derry, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology with Dr. Dick in Glasgow; was licensed by a United Secession Presbytery in Ireland, and ordained by the same; came to the U. S. in 1834, and joined the Pres, of Monongahela, and be¬ gan supplying in Bear Creek, Lawrenceburg and Unity, in Butler Co., Pa., in 1835, and was installed as pastor Oct. 4, 1837, in the Unity branch. Resigned in 1846, and moved in 1855 to Montezuma, Poweshiek Co., la.; joined the Presby¬ terian Ch. in 1856, and after having become very infirm died Sept. 4, 1863. GREER, James (A. R.)*: Was born July 29, 1822, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at the Western University in 1844, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 30, 1847, ^7 Monongahela Pres., and ordained by the same Ap. 13, ’52; was pastor of Mt. Nebo and Rehoboth, in Allegheny Co., i852-’5; and died Ap. 4, 1855. GREER, Joseph Collins (A. R.): Was born Feb. 13, 1827, i^^ar Murraysville, in Westmore¬ land Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1852, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed May 29, 1855, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Aug. 19, ’57, by the same; pastor of Mechanicsburg and Centre 1857-Ap. ii,’65; S. S. at Susquehanna and Lumber City, Pa., 1865-’73; pas¬ tor of Lumber City 1873-Feb. 7, ’79; was Capt. of Company “H,” 206th Pennsylvania Volunteers, until the close of the civil war; was Principal of the Lumber City Academy 1873- ’79- 358 THE MINISTRY. GRIER, Isaac, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1776 in Greene Co., Georgia; was graduated at Dickinson in 1800, and studied theology with Rev. Alex¬ ander Porter, then at Cedar Spring, S. C.; was licensed Sept. 2, 1802, by the Second Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained in 1804 by the First Pres, of the Carolinas; was installed at his ordination in the charge of Sardis, Providence and Wax- haw, in North Carolina; in 1808 he demitted Waxhaw and assumed Steele Creek; in 1815 he resigned Providence, and in 1842 his entire charge, because of the infirmities of age. He died Sept. 2, 1843. was particularly successful in in¬ fluencing the young men of his charge to study for the min¬ istry. Nearly two-thirds of his Presbytery consisted of min¬ isters who had been born and reared within the limits of his pastoral charge. He interested himself very much in the religious instruction of the colored people, and catechised them every Sabbath during the intermission between services, and during the summer season preached a sermon for their special benefit, and a large proportion of his communicants were colored. GRIER, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. i, 1813, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1838, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Aug. 29, ’39, by the same; was pastor of Robinson Run, Allegheny Co., Aug., 1839-Mar. 26, ’78; died Nov. ii, 1886. Publications: A Prospect for the Unconverted, a Ser¬ mon, Pulpit Asso. Ref. Church, Vol. I.; The Death of the Righteous, a Sermon in the same, Vol. IV.; Temperance, a Eecture; Are All Infants Saved? a Sermon. GRIER, James Alexander, D. D. : Was born May 8, 1846, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was educated at Monmouth, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in Ap., 1873, by the First Pres, of New York, and ordained June 23, ’74, by Chartiers; pastor of Cross Roads, Washington Co., June 23, 1874-May 22, ’83; Second Mercer, Pa., Aug. 21, 1883; also Prof, in the Theo. Sem., Allegheny, since 1886. Publications: Secret Societies, 121110., 68 pp., 1878; Sabbath School Notes, and numerous articles for the periodical press. THE MINISTRY. 359 GRIMES, William, D. D. (A.): Was bom Mar. 26, 1821, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed June 20, 1854, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Aug. 18, ’58, by Muskingum; was installed at ordi¬ nation over Belmont, High Ridge and McMahan’s Creek, Belmont Co., O.; was released from the last in Mar. 1862, and from High Ridge in June, 1871, and still retains Belmont. GROVE, John Lemmon: Was born Oct. 20, 1841, at Muddy Creek Forks, York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 26, 1871, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained Oct. 23, ’72, by Butler; pastor of Worth¬ ington and Rich Hill, Armstrong Co., Pa., from ordination till Nov., ’84; Cove, Fulton Co., Pa., May, 1885- GUTHRIF, Thomas C., D. D.*: Was born Aug. 7, 1796, in county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at the Western University in 1823, studied theology under Dr. Wylie in Philadelphia; was licensed in 1825 Pittsburgh Presbytery of the Ref. Pres. Ch., and ordained Ap. 26, ’26, by the same; was pastor of Mt. Pleas¬ ant, Butler Co., Pa., 1826-65. In Oct, 1859, he and his congregation joined the U. P. Presbytery of Allegheny. He retired to Sparta, Ill., in 1874, and died there Mar. 22, 1876. HADDEN, John*: Was born May 8, 1838, near Norwich, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1862; studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 20, 1864, t>y Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained June 21, ’66, by Des Moines; pas¬ tor of Albia, Monroe Co., la., from ordination until death, and for a part of that time of Service also. He died Aug. 25, 1872, at Albia. HAFT, Stephen L. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1807 near Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1828, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 23, 1835, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’37, by the same; was pastor of Sharon and Wolf Creek, and Sunday Creek, Noble and Morgan counties, O., 360 THE MINISTRY. Ap., 1837-Mar. 30, ’44, and died Mar. 7, 1847. Publication: A Sermon in Vol. III. of the A. R. Pulpit. HAGERTY, Andrew Needy: Was born Mar. 27, 1852, at Mt. Hope, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Lafayette in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1884, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Jan. 14, ’85, by Garnett; pastor at Olathe, Kan., from ordination until July 19, 1887. HAGERTY, James A. (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 15, 1822, near Independence, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Madison College, Antrim, O., in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 21, ’58, by Allegheny; was pastor of Hanover, Beaver Co., Pa., from ordination until his death. He died July 20, 1861, from con¬ sumption. HALE, George Maxwell (A.)*: Was born Dec. 26, 1807, in Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1831, and studied theology at Cononsburg; was licensed July 8, 1835, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept, 16, ’36, by Miami; was pastor of Madison and Big Creek, Ind., Sept, 1836-June 26, ’39; Sugar Creek, Greene Co., O., Oct. 25, 1839-June 25, ’45. Mr. Hall and his people sympathized with Dr. Heron in his troubles with the Synod, and in 1843 declined the authority of Synod, and with Dr. Heron constituted the Free Associate Presbytery of Miami. A year afterward he submitted and returned to the Synod, and thus dissolved that Presbytery. He was pastor of Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y., Sept. 5, 1849-Ap., ’62; of the Second Ch., Boston, Mass., Ap. 17, 1865-68; Thomp¬ son ville, Conn., 1868-June 30, ’71. His health having be¬ come infirm, he retired to Cambridge, N. Y., where he died Dec. 27, 1874. HALLEY, Ebenezer, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1801 in Scotland; was graduated at the Uni¬ versity of Edinburgh in 1821, and studied theology in the United Secession Hall under Dr. John Dick; was licensed Ap. 5, 1825, soon afterward ordained; was pastor in the THE MINISTRY. 361 city of St. Andrews 1825-’8; L^eitli 1828-’38; came to the U. S., joined the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York, and was pastor of the church in Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept. 3, 1838-May 30, ’48; united with the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of the Second Street Ch., in Troy, N. Y., 1848-’55; of the Third Ch., Albany, N. Y., 1855-75, when he was retired on a pension; was chaplain to the State Sen¬ ate, 1873-81; died Oct. 31, 1881. HAMILL, Robert Anderson*: Was born May ii, 1841, in Marysville, Tenn., and was educated at Washington College, la.; entered the army in 1861, and served through the civil war, and was badly dis¬ abled; was licensed in 1875 in the Cumberland Presbyterian Ch., and was received in Sept., 1878, by the Concordia Pres, as a licentiate; attended Xenia Seminary one session, and was ordained June 22, ’81, by Concordia; pastor of Amity, Kan., from ordination until Oct. ii, ’82, and died Aug. 31, 1884. HAMILTON, George Winfield: Was born in New Wilmington, Pa.; was graduated at Mon¬ mouth in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia and one year at the Pres. Sem. at Chicago; was licensed June 8, 1875, by Le Claire Pres., and ordained Mar. 27, ’77, by the same; pas¬ tor of Elvira, la.. Mar., 1877-Sept. 15, ’80; of Little York, Ill., Oct. 27, 1880-Dec. 22, ’85, S. S. Sterling, Dak., 1886- HAMILTON, John McLean: Was born June 5, 1852, in Fairview, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 10, 1878, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained May 14, ’79, by Cedar Rapids, and installed at Amity, Grundy Co., la. HAMILTON, Robert Calvin, M. D. : Was born Mar. 9, 1847, Morning Sun, O.; was gradu¬ al Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1873, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Dec. ^ 4 ) ’ 77 ) Southern Illinois; pastor of Jordan’s Grove, Ill., Dec., 1877-Ap. I) 1 ^ 79 ) resides at Lebanon, Mo. 23 362 THE MINISTRY. HAMILTON, Thomas (A.)*: Was born in 1776 near Washington, Pa.; was educated at the Canonsburg Grammar School and Dickinson College, and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson, at Service; was li¬ censed May I, 1800, by the Asso. Pres, of Penn., and ordained June 10, 1802, by the same; was pastor in New York city from his ordination until his death. He died Aug. 23, 1818. Publications: A Sermon appended to Mr. Miller’s sketch of his life; another Sermon in Vol. XV of the Religions Moni¬ tor. HAMMOND, James C. : Was born Jan. 14, 1845, Philadelphia, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1875, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 27, ’76, by Delaware; pastor of Meredith, Del¬ aware Co., N. Y., June 27, 1876-Aug. 28,’ 83; Howard, N. Y., May 6, 1884-May 15, ’87. Served in the Illinois vol¬ unteers during the civil war Oct. 1863-Sept., ’65. HAMMOND, Robert Johnston (A.): Was born Jan. 21, 1820, near New Athens, O., was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1838, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1842, by Muskingum Pres., and was or¬ dained Nov. 9, ’43, by Albany; pastor at Albany, N. Y., 1843-July, ’44; Burgettstown, Washington Co., Pa., 1846- ’56; residing without a charge at Americus, Lyon Co., Kan. HAMMOND, Robert N. : Was born Sept. 2, 1852, in Aughnacloy, county Tyrone,' Ireland; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 26, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Feb. 19, ’79, by Vermont; was pastor at Barnet Centre from ordination until Sept. 5, ’82; Thompsonville. Conn., Sept, i, 1885- HANBY, WiEUAM H.: Was born Mar. 12, 1840, at Norwich, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1864, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained June 8, ’65, by Xenia; was pastor of Cedarville, O., 1865-Oct., ’72, of Beulah and Mumford, N. THE MINISTRY. 363 Y., June 18, 1873-Oct. 15, ’83; East Greenwich, N. Y., June 10, 1884-Aug. 21, ’87. HANNA, Albert J. : Was born June 18, 1859, at New Athens, O.; was graduated in 1879 Franklin, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1882, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Nov. 21, ’82, by Wheeling; pastor at Buchanan Hill, Marshall Co., W. Va., Nov., 1882-June i, ’84; of Sterling, Kan., May i, 1886- HANNA, John H. : Was received in 1878 by the Stamford Pres, from the Pres¬ byterian Ch. of Canada, and has spent most of his time in Kansas, and went to Europe in 1886- HANNA, Thomas, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Oct. 4, 1799, at North Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1818, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Aug. 16, 1820, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Dec. 10, ’21, by the same; installed at ordination over Cadiz, Piney Fork and Willis’ Creek, O.; in a few years demitted the last; in Nov., ’35, gave up Piney Fork, and finally Cadiz in Ap., ’49; was pastor of Washington, Pa., May, 1851-summer of ’62; was Stated Clerk of the Asso. Synod 1842-58. His health failed very much during the last two years of his life, but his death took place from paralysis Feb. 9, 1864. HANNA, Thomas Beveridge (A.)*: Son of the Rev. Dr. Thomas; was born Mar. 27, 1828, near Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1848, by Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained Dec. 13, ’49, by Chartiers; was pastor of Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death. He died Feb. 5, 1852, from inflammation of the bowels, which was the result of a severe attack of bilious colic. Publications: After his death a volume of four¬ teen sermons was published. HANNA, Thomas Henderson, D. D. : Was born May 5, 1837, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1856, and studied theology at Xenia; 364 THE MINISTRY. was licensed Ap. 17, i860, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Feb. 18, ’62, by Philadelphia; was pastor of the Fifth Ch., Philadelphia, Feb., 1862-67; of the Second Ch., Pittsburgh, Oct, 1867-Oct, ’75; First Ch., Xenia, O., Oct, 1875-Aug., ’80; First Ch., Monmouth, Ill., since Nov. i, 1880. Dele¬ gate to Presbyterian Council of 1884. H ANN AY, Thomas, D. D.*: Was born in 1806 in Scotland, and educated there, and or¬ dained in 1842 by the New York Pres, of the Ref Pres. Ch.; was pastor of the Conecocheague congregation, (Covenanter,) Franklin Co., Pa., 1842-’4. After other labors in the mother church he joined the Stamford Pres, of the United Presbyte¬ rian Ch. in 1872, and remained without charge at Williams- ford, Ontario, Canada, until his death, June 7, 1881. HANNON, John Ewing (A. R.)*: (Sometimes spelled Heanon); was born Feb. 4, 1800, near Newville, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1829; studied theology two years with Mungo Dick, one year with Dr. Pressly and one year with Dr. Chalmers in Edinburgh; was licensed Ap. 25, 1832, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Nov. 13, ’33, by the same; pastor of Hinkston and Lexington, Ky., 1835-’8; in Elkhart Co., Ind., while engaged more or less in secular business he preached at Leesburg, New Paris, etc., 1838-’51; removed to Linn Co., Ore., where he performed missionary work, and died June 17, 1863, from cancer of the stomach. HARKNESS, Robert*: Was born, educated and ordained in Scotland; was received by the Boston Pres, in 1872; was pastor of Whitinsville, Mass., Jan. 21, 1873-Ap. 22, ’74, and then passed to Canada, and died in 1881 in Scotland. HARPER, James (A. R.)*: Came to the U. S. when well advanced in years, and joined the First Asso. Ref Pres, of Pennsylvania in Dec., 1799, “duly attested from the Pres, of Derry in the kingdom of Ireland. ’ ’ He passed at once to the extreme western point of Virginia, and supplied a cluster of little churches at Abbington, Beaver Creek, Silver Spring, Rock Spring, Glade Spring and Forks THK MINISTRY. 365 of Holston in Washington and Russell counties. Here he died Sept. 15, 1802. HARPER, James, Jr. (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. Janies; arrived from Ireland in Oct., 1800, and was immediately received by the First Pres, of Pennsyl¬ vania on testimonials from the Asso. Pres, of Derry. He joined his father in southwestern Virginia and assisted him in his wide spread charge during the remainder of his life, and succeeded him in the pastoral relation in 1803. In 1805 the General Synod transferred Mr. Harper and these churches from the Big Spring Pres, to the Pres, of Kentucky in the Synod of Scioto. The probabilities are that Mr. Harper did not long survive the transfer, and as this Pres, was distracted and unhappy in all its history, making everything to wither that came under its rule, so these churches soon passed from its roll. HARPER, James, D. D., LE. D. (A.): Was born in 1823 Ireland; was graduated at the Royal Belfast College and Seminary; was licensed in 1848 by the Belfast Presbytery, and ordained Oct. 31, ’50, by the Asso. Pres, of Albany, U. S.; was pastor of the Second Asso. Ch. New York City, (now Seventh Avenue,) 1850-Nov. i, ’68; Prof, of Theology in the Newburgh Seminary 1867-’78, and in the Xenia Seminary since 1879; was Moderator of the Gen¬ eral Assembly in 1868. Publications: Sundry newspaper, magazine and review articles; a Sermon preached before the Gen. Ass., in 1869; papers read by appointment before the Synod of New York; A Counterblast to the Organ, pp. 99, 1881. HARPER, John (A. R.): Was born in county Antrim, Ireland, and was brought up in the Old School Covenanter Church; came to the U. S., in 1848, and united with the Asso. Ch., in East Salem, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1853, and studied theology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed July 28, 1856, by Wash¬ ington Presbytery, Asso. Ref., and ordained Dec. 8, ’58, by the same; was pastor of Eisbon, St. Eawrence Co., N. Y., 1858-July, ’72; of Bethel and Harmony, Peoria Co., Ill., since May 3, 1873. 366 THE MINISTRY. HARPER, Robert D., D. D. (A. R.): Was born Ap. 27, 1823, Washington Co., Pa., and reared principally in Allegheny City; was graduated at the Western University in 1841, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar. 26, 1844, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained July 22, ’46, by Springfield; was pastor in Xenia 1846-’68; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Indianapolis, Ind., for a short time, and then transferred to North Broad Street, Philadelphia. He was ten years Sec¬ retary of the Board of Home Missions of the United Pres¬ byterian Church, and Moderator of her General Assembly in 1861. Publications: The Church Memorial, i2mo., pp. 407, 1858. HARPER, William Speer: Was born Nov. 16, 1848, in Guernsey Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Muskingum in 1869, and studied theology at Xenia; w^as licensed June 20, 1871, Muskingum Pres., and ordained Aug. 21, ’72, by the same; pastor of Barlow, O., 1872-Aug. 26, ’73; Buena Vista, Pa., Sept, i, 1874-Dec. 15, ’74; Nor¬ wich, O., Aug. 17, 1875-N0V. 13, ’77; ii6th Street, New York, Ap. 9, 1878-Feb. 10, ’79; of Fredericksburg O., Ap. 15,1879-oct. 17, ’83. HARRIS, Daniel: Was born June 14, 1835, in Clinton Co., Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth; was licensed Ap. 2, 1863, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Aug. 2, ’64, by the same; pastor of Fountain Green, Ill., Aug., 1864-Dec. 28, ’69; Lacona, Warren Co., la., Nov. 7, 1870-N0V. 15, ’77; Principal of the Lacona Academy. Pastor Ryegate, Vt., Feb. 9, 1886- HARRIS, Eleazar (A. R.)*: Was a native of the south, and was graduated at Transyl¬ vania University, at Lexington, Ky., and entered the Theo¬ logical Seminary in New York in 1811; was licensed July 13, 1815, with Charles Strong, by the First Pres., of the Caroli- nas, and ordained in Oct., ’20, by the same; was pastor of Ebenezer, Fairfield county, S. C. THE MINISTRY. 367 HARRIS, James R. : Was born in Warren Co., Ill.; took a partial course in Monmouth and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in April, 1862, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained in ’63 by the same; was pastor of Kllisville, Ill., 1863-’5; at Ross Grove, Ill., 1866-7; he then joined the Congregational Ch., afterward he became a Spiritualist, and finally turned to secu¬ lar pursuits. HARSHA, John Walker (A.): Was born Mar. 9, 1808, in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1834, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 27, 1838, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’40, by Ohio; was S. S. for a year at New Lisbon and W. Beaver, in Columbiana Co., O., and then pastor 1840-’44; of Bethel, Lawrence Co., Pa., 1844-’53; was obliged to resign because of a disease of the throat; was Prof, of Latin and English Literature in Westminster College 1853-6, since which he has resided at Argyle, unable to labor because of nervous pain and prostration, preventing any sleep for three and even six nights in succession. Publications: Pardon of Sin, i6mo., pp. 241, 1853; Song of the Redeemed, i2mo., pp., 482, 1870; a Sermon for the Times, 1856; An Address on the Course and Design of Collegiate Study, and a number of Essays in the periodicals of the Church. HARSHA, William Willitt, D. D. (A.): Was born May 23, 1821, in West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1843, studied law in Salem, N. Y. When about commencing practice his views of duty changed, and he studied theology privately and was licensed Ap. 28, 1846, by Cambridge Pres. (Bullions’), and ordained by it in Oct. of the same year; was pastor of Galena, Ill., Nov., 1846-Mar. ’54. He then united with the Presby¬ terian Church, and was pastor of Savanna, Ill., 1854-’5; of Dixon, Ill., i855-’6i; of South Church, Chicago, i86i-’9; of Jacksonville, Ill., 1869-’85; and is now President of Belle¬ vue College, Neb. HARSH AW, Aedrew Henry: Son of the Rev. Michael; was born Sept. 13, 1848, at Cut- 368 THE MINISTRY. ler, Perry Co., Ill.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1877, by Southern Illinois Pres., and ordained May 7, ’78, by Sec¬ ond New York; pastor of Jane Street, New York, May, 1878- Dec. 27, ’80; of Second Ch., Pittsburgh, Feb. 13, 1881-Dec. 26, ’83; co-editor of The Midland i884-’5; pastor of West 51st St., New York, July 13, 1885- Publications: Do You Pray in Secret? a Tract, pp. 26, 1880; frequent articles in The Midland and United Presbyterian, HARSHAW, Michael*: Was born in 1807 in county Armagh, Ireland; came to the U. S. in 1826, and settled in Armstrong Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at the Western University in 1838, and studied theology with Dr. John Black, of Pittsburgh; was licensed in 1840 by the Pittsburgh Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Ch., and ordained Nov. 9, ’42, by the Western Pres, of the same Ch.; was pastor of Six Mile Prairie (Cutler) Ill., from his ordination until his death. He came with his congregation in 1870, when the Western Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Ch. united with the United Presbyterian Ch. He died of dysentery Aug. ii, 1874. HARSHAW, William Roseborough: Son of Rev. Michael; was born Oct. ii, 1856, at Cutler, Ill.; was graduated in 1883 at Westminster, and studied the¬ ology at Union Sem., New York city; was licensed Dec. 30, 1884, by Southern Illinois Pres., and ordained Nov. 10, ’85, by New York; pastor East 119th St., New York city, Nov. 10, 1885-May, ’87; Steubenville, O., since May, 1887. HARVEY, William: Was born Oct. 30, 1835, in Glasgow, Scotland, and came to the U. S. in 1850; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1864, by the Pres, of Detroit, and ordained Aug. 29, ’65, by the same. He sailed Sept. 30, 1865, as missionary to Eg}^pt. His labors have been confined principally to the Fayoum and Cairo. HATCH, Cyrus Blanchard: Was born near Franklin, Pa.; was graduated at the West¬ ern University in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny THE MINISTRY. 369 and Monmouth; was licensed June 27, 1871, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 25, ’72, by the same; was pastor of Mifflin and Jefferson, in Allegheny Co., 1872-Dec. 31, ’75; Mansfield, same Co., Mar. 28, 1876-May 31, ’79; of Irwin’s Station, Westmoreland Co., Ap. 13, 1880-Sep. 4, ’83; S. S. at Denver, Col., 1884; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Dravosburg, Pa. HAWK, James Stkene:* Was born in Allegheny Co., educated at Franklin and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1864, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 27, ’65, by the same; was pastor of East Liberty, Pittsburgh, June, 1865-Aug. 3, ’69; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died in charge of San Rafael, Cal., Oct. 28, 1874. HAWK, Leseie Eeeiott: Was born Sept. 26, 1851, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Jan. 20, 1880, by the Butler Pres., and ordained Feb. 17, ’82, by Delaware; S. S. at Pepacton, Delaware Co., N. Y., Feb., 1882, and pastor Oct. 8, 1882- HAWTHORNE, Wieeiam (A.): Was born Dec. 18, 1816, in county Down, Ireland; was graduated at Belfast College, and studied theology in the Free Church Hall in Edinburgh; was licensed in May, 1849, the Presbytery of Banbridge, Ireland, and ordained Sept. 26, ’52, by Cambridge; pastor of Hemmingsford and Hinchin- brook, Canada East, 1852-May, i860; Hemmingsford and Covey Hill, i860-’70. A severe injury disabled him from preaching for four years, and by that time the St. Lawrence Presbytery had been dissolved and the United Presbyterian congregations in this part of Canada had formed Canadian con¬ nections, so in 1876 Mr. Hawthorne joined the Presbytery of Montreal of the Presbyterian Ch., of Canada, and has been laboring under its care as far as his health allows, retaining his home at Hemmingsford. HAYS, Wieeiam Giebert McDiee: Was born Sept. 20, 1853, Sunbeam, Mercer Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1878, and studied theology at 370 THE MINISTRY. I 1 Xenia; was licensed Mar. 30, 1880, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 28, ’81, by he Claire; pastor of Elvira, la., June 28, 1881-Mar. 2, ’86 S. S., atWaitsburg, Wash. Ter. HEIDGER, Nicholas Luther: Was born Nov. 6, 1856, in Pillig, Circuit of Coblentz, Prussia, and was reared a Roman Catholic; was graduated at Westminster in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 13, 1886, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained June 14, ’87, by Indiana; pastor at Rushville, Ind., since ordina¬ tion. HEMPHILL, John D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born of Covenaffter parentage in 1761, in county Derry, Ireland; came to Philadelphia, Pa., in 1783, and in 1785 re¬ moved to Chester District, S. C., was graduated at Dickinson in 1792, and studied theology with Alex. Dobbin, in Gettysburg, and Mat. Lind, of Greencastle; was licensed May 27, 1794, by the First Pres, of Penn., and ordained by it in the follow¬ ing Oct.; assumed the pastoral care of Hopewell, Union and Ebenezer congregations, Chester District, S. C., in the fall of 1795, although not installed until Sept., 19, 1796. He re¬ mained pastor until about a year before his death, when from failure of memory he was constrained to resign. He was a -man of mark in many ways, a profound theologian, a clear expositor of Scripture, a strong reasoner, and yet practical in all things. He had his congregations divided into districts, and in each of these the families met together on the “silent Sabbaths ’ ’ in each others’ houses and spent two or three hours in praise and prayer, and the reading of Scripture and of sermons, and in repeating the Larger and Shorter Cate- sohisms. The elders also drilled the youth in the Catechisms oh the Sabbath at church between the services. The result was a people thoroughly instructed in doctrines and of godly life, and old Hopewell sent out three colonies to the west, one of which divided into three congregations, and all of which were an honor to the mother church. Dr. Hemphill was always opposed to slavery, although he lived and died in its midst. By his second wife he became legally possessed of a number of slaves, yet he never claimed them as his property. They were always assessed and known THK MINISTRY. 371 as the “servants of Mrs. Hemphill,” but he saw to it that they were brought up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord, and most of them and many of their descendants lived and died as consistent members of his church. He died May 20, 1832. Publications: A Discourse Upon the Duty and Occasions of Fasting, with an Appendix, 8 vo., pp. 160; A Sermon on Permanent Peace, Vol. HI Associate Reformed Pulpit. HENDERSON, Kbenezer (A.)*: The third son of the Rev. Matthew, Sr.; was born at Ox¬ ford, Chester Co., Pa.; was educated mainly by his father and at the academy at Canonsburg; studied theology with Dr. J. Anderson at Service; was licensed in Aug., 1799, by the Asso. Pres, of Penn., and ordained, sine titido^ June 24, 1800, by Chartiers on the second day of its first meeting; accepted a call from the united congregations of Pittsburgh, Turtle Creek and Bethel, Dec. 30, 1801, although not installed until the following summer, and was released April 13, 1804. He went immediately, according to Synodic appointment, to sup¬ ply the churches in the Carolinas. About the first of Sept., he took a fever and started for home on horseback, but was so ill and delirious by the time he arrived at Staunton Va., that he could go no further, and there died in an inn and was buried by strangers, and to this day a sandstone marks his resting place, upon which is inscribed: ‘ ‘ Here lies the body of the Rev. Ebenezer Henderson, a native of Pennsylvania, who departed this life September 17, 1804.” HENDERSON, George D., (A.)*: Grandson of the Rev. Matthew, Sr.; was born Mar. 13, 1818, in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Muskingum and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 8, 1847, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’49, by Illinois; was pastor of Granville, Putnam Co., Ill., 1849-’65; removed to Monmouth, Ill., where he was Superintendent of Schools, Financial Agent, Treasurer and Trustee of the Col¬ lege, and Secretary of the Board of Education. He died Nov. 15, 1877, of toxemia. HENDERSON, James McConneee (A.): Was born Feb. 28, 1805, in Washington Co., Pa.: was 372 THE MINISTRY. graduated at Franklin in 1830, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed Ap. ii, 1833, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained May 8, ’34, by Miami, and installed pastor of Carmel, Madison and Big Creek, in Indiana; resigned the last two in the fall of ’35, and Carmel in the autumn of’44; in¬ stalled over the congregations of Northfield, Claysville and Keene, in the Muskingum Pres., in the spring of ’45; resigned the last in ’46; exchanged Claysville for New Concord in ’55; resigned Northfield in ’58, and also New Concord in ’59, that that congregation might unite with the Asso. Ref. congrega¬ tion vacated by Dr. Waddle and call a new man; was pastor of Poland, Mahoning Co., O., 1859-65; of Winfield, la., 1865-’71; ofElkhorn, Ill., 1872-’7. Retired as infirm. HENDERSON, John Armstrong: Was born July 9, 1853, Washington, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theol¬ ogy at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 8, 1879, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 7, ’80, by Sidney; pastor of Kenton, Ap. 7, 1880-June 12, ’85; 2d Omaha since Ap., 1887. HENDERSON, John McCeennahan: Son of the Rev. James M.; was born Dec. 17, 1843, South Hanover, Ind.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 5, 1867, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained May 2, ’68, by Monmouth; was pastor of Third Ch., Monmouth, May, 1868- Dec., ’72; of Elmira, Ill., Dec. 31, 1873-Aug. 27, ’84; Traer, la., Nov. 18, 1886; was for a short time Assistant Financial Agent of Monmouth College, and for a number of years Cor¬ responding Secretary of the Board of Education. Publica¬ tion: History of the United Presbyterian Congregation of Elmira, Stark Co., Ill., 1877. HENDERSON^ Matthew. Sr. (A.)*: Was born in 1735 in Fifeshire, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in the Anti-burgher Hall, then presided over by Alex. Moncrieff; was licensed in 1756, and ordained in the summer of ’58 by the Asso. Pres, of Perth and Dunfermline, and immediately sent to America to reinforce Messrs. Gellatly and Proudfit. Pretty soon after THE MINISTRY. 373 his arrival he settled as pastor of Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., and Pencader, in the edge of the State of Delaware, near the present village of Newark; two-thirds of his time to the former, where he resided, and one-third to the latter. Here he remained until 1781, when he became pastor of Chartiers and Buffalo, in Washington Co., Pa, the first settled minister of the Associate Ch. west of the Allegheny mountains. He was not present at the meeting of his Pres, in June, 1782, when the union of the Associate Ch. with the Reformed took place, and would most likely have opposed it, but he acquiesced and entered the Asso. Ref. Synod. This Synod in 1787 appointed the elder Dr. Mason, Robert Annan and John Smith to prepare an “Illustration and Defence of the West¬ minster Confession, ” as a step in the formulating and fixing of the standards of the church. While the report of the com¬ mittee (known as “The Overture”) was under consideration in the Synod of 1789, and before half of its chapters had passed under review, Mr. Henderson presented a paper drafted by himself and also signed by John Smith and Wil¬ liam Logan, to the following purport: “Will the Synod ap¬ prove the judicial act and testimony of the Associate Presby¬ tery of Scotland and their act concerning the doctrine of grace? Will the Synod adopt the declaration made by that Presbytery respecting civil dominion and qualifications neces¬ sary to the being of a magistrate ? Do the Synod think that the renovation in the Covenant in the Secession is a renova¬ tion of the National Covenant and Solemn League? Do the Synod profess themselves to be under the formal obligations of these covenants considered as ecclesiastical deeds? Will the Synod give up the scheme of occasional communion in all ordinary cases, and confine the privilege to the members ot our own church ? ’ ’ The members of the Synod had an extra¬ judicial conference upon the questions thus submitted, but failed to satisfy their authors. The next day these three withdrew, although Messrs. Smith and Logan subsequently returned to the Synod. Mr. Henderson never returned, but went to the Asso. Pres., and, after acknowledging his error in going into the Asso. Ref. Ch., was received as a member. He was a man of large size and very erect figure, of very 374 THE MINISTRY. swarthy complexion, had a keen, black eye, and voice of re¬ markable power and distinctness. He always enjoyed good health, and possessed great muscular power, yet such had been his labors and exposure that at sixty he had become considerably infirm. He possessed great physical courage, and yet was much troubled with the fear of death. A kind Providence removed him so suddenly as to disappoint all his fears. On the morning of Oct. 2, 1795, he went out to where two of his sons were cutting down a bee-tree, and while watch¬ ing the operation at what he supposed to be a safe location, the tree fell sooner than was expected, because of a decayed centre, and also in an opposite direction. The point of one of the outer limbs struck him upon the head and instantly killed him. He had much to do with the incipient measures which finally resulted in the establishment of Jefferson College. HENDERSON, Matthew (the younger) (A. R.)*: Was the eldest son oEfKe^Rev. Matthew, and was born Jan. 10, 1762, on the Octoraro Creek, in Chester Co., Pa.; was educated partly by his father, but mone particularly by his neighbor, the Rev. John Smith, who had been appointed by the Pres, to instruct young men “in Philosophy.” In 1781 he removed with his father to Canonsburg, Pa., and studied theology mostly with his father, although it is believed that he returned for a season to enjoy the instrnctions of Mr. Smith. He was licensed in May, 1784, by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres., which embraced all the churches west of the Susquehanna. This was the first licensure which took place in the Asso. Ref. Ch., and Mr. Henderson was the first minister of any of the Scottish churches trained and educated in America. He was ordained by the Second Pres, in Nov., 1785, and installed pas¬ tor of The Forks of the Yough, now Bethesda, some twenty-five miles south of Pittsburgh, and also of Brush Creek, now Bethel, Westmoreland Co., about ten miles distant. These were the places of worship, while the families of his charge were scat¬ tered over a territory forty or fifty miles long and twenty wide. In 1788 he gave up Brush Creek and took in its place a small congregation near Brownsville, but in 1800 he changed back to the original charge. In ’18 he resigned Brush Creek, and THE MINISTRY. 375 in ’29, because of the infirmities of age, gave up Bethesda. He died July 21, 1835. A sermon of his was published in the second volume of the A. R. Pulpit—theme, Rest for the Weary. HENNING, William Edward (A.): Was born Dec. 25, 1824, Mullaghlass, county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at Belfast College and Presbyterian Seminary; was licensed Feb. 12, 1850, by Newry Pres.; came to the U. S. in 1852, and was ordained June 30, ’53, by Cam¬ bridge Pres. (Bullions); pastor of North Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., since ordination. HENRY, Addison*: Brother of the Rev. Robert W.; was born about 1833 in St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 3, ’58, by Saratoga; was pastor of W. Charlton, Saratoga Co., N. Y., from his ordination until his death; died Dec. 6, 1863, of scrofulous abscess in his back. HENRY, Andrew: Was born in Aug., 1845, Ballymoney, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1867, studied theology at New¬ burgh and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1869, by West¬ moreland Pres., and ordained June 13, ’71, by First New York; was pastor of East Eleventh St., New York, June, 1871- Ap. 23, ’73; of Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y., since Sept. 16, 1873 - henry, Robert W., D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1825 Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Duquesne College in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 28, 1849, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 17, ’50, by Springfield; was pastor of Springfield, O., Dec., 1850-June 9, ’53; of Sugar Creek, O., Dec., 1853-Aug., ’55; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and was assistant pastor with Dr. McElroy in New York, and then pastor in Philadelphia. He died Oct. 8, 1869, in Alex¬ andria, Egy^pt, of Syrian fever. 376 THE MINISTRY. HENRY, WITTIAM (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 7, 1830, near Bloomington, Ind.; was grad¬ ated at the Indiana State University, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Oct, 1854, by Indiana Pres., and or¬ dained by the same in the autumn of ’55, sine titulo^ although he had received a call which he declined becaused of ill health. Died Ap. 18, 1856, from consumption. HERON, Andrew, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Nov. 13, 1788, in Glasserton, Wigtonshire, Scot¬ land; was educated in languages and mathematics in the High School of Whithorn; came to the U. S. in 1807 and taught school in Florida and Cambridge, N. Y., and continued his literary studies with Dr. Alex. Bullions. In 1810 he en¬ tered the Theo. Sem. at Service, Pa., under Dr. J. Anderson, and spent his summers at Jefferson College; was licensed Sept. I, 1813, by the Chartiers Pres., and ordained Ap. i, ’15, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was pastor of Timber Ridge and Ebenezer, in Rockbridge Co., Va., Ap., 1815- July, ’32; of Caesar’s Creek, Greene Co., O., Aug. 1832-’45. In 1843 suspended for “insubordination,” because he had gone to hear the Rev. H. H. Blair preach on a week-day in his church at Caesar’s Creek. As Mr. Blair had been de¬ posed by the Synod for adhering to the Bullions party. Dr. Heron’s conduct was regarded as giving countenance and ap¬ proval to the “exscinded brethren” in their divisive and contumacious course, and as he refused to acknowledge any error in his conduct he was adjudged and treated as insubor¬ dinate. His neighbor, the Rev. G. M. Hall, sympathized with him, and as the greater part of their congregations ad¬ hered to them, they organized the “Free Associate Presby¬ tery of Miami.” A year afterward Mr. Hall returned to the Synod, and this dissolved their Pres., and Dr. Heron re¬ signed his charge and moved into Xenia, and in July, 1845, united with the Asso. Ref. Ch. In 1848 he united with the New School Covenanters and took charge of the congre¬ gation of Garrison Creek, in Fayette Co., Ind. Here he remained for eleven years, when he deemed it best, be¬ cause of the growing infirmities of age and increasing deaf¬ ness, to retire from the pastorate. As his Synod declined THE MINISTRY. 377 going into the union of 1858, contrary to his judgment and wishes, he united with the Indiana Pres, of United Presby¬ terian Ch. in Sept., 1859. No longer able to labor in the ministry, he removed to Cedarville, O., where he lived in re¬ tirement until his death, which occurred Sept, i, 1873. He was Prof, of Languages in Washington College, Lexington, Va., 1815-’19, and Stated Clerk of the Associate Synod 1827- ’42. He was a man of many moral excellencies and mental accomplishments. He possessed a memory of wonderful re¬ tention, and the scope of his reading was very wide and varied. When cut off by deafness from familiar intercourse with others he gave himself wholly to reading, and when blindness denied him this boon he fell back upon the vast accumulations of his faultless memory, and he could repeat with surprising accuracy whole poems and sections of poems. Shortly before his death he repeated the hundred and fifty Psalms, in the Scotch version, within three days, just for his “own amusement.” He conducted family worship to the last, when blind and deaf, and in his usual form, reading the Psalm and chapter from memory, and rarely making a mis¬ take. When eighty-three years old he received injuries from a fall which confined him to his bed for months, during which time he composed in his mind a sermon which he entitled, “The Angels at School.” He was permitted to preach it to several of the neighboring churches while supported by crutches and unable to see his audience or hear his own voice. This was his last sermon, and it was written out by other hands and published in the Oct. number of the Evan¬ gelical Repository of 1872. HERON, John McCampbeee (A. R.): Son of the Rev. Dr. Andrew; was born Aug. 3, 1823, Rockbridge Co., Va.; was graduated at Miami University in 1844, and studied theology at Oxford and with Dr. Heron; was licensed in May, 1846, by Springfield Pres., and ordained May 17, ’48, by Caledonia; was pastor of York, Livingston Co., N. Y., May, 1848-Dec. 14, ’52; of Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Mar. 20, 1856-Sept. 23, ’56; Burlington Green, Otsego Co., N. Y., Mar., 1857-spring ’58; of Thompsonville, Conn., 1858-61; S. S., in Hartford, Conn., 1864-7; 24 378 THE MINISTRY. health being feeble, took appointments for several years from the Board of Home Missions, and is now residing without charge in Philadelphia. Publication: The Pocket Manual, pp. i6o, 1882. HERRON, James Clokey (A.): Was born Mar. 26, 1821, near Clokey, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1840, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Ap. 2, 1844, Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 15, ’45, by the same; was pastor of Peter’s Creek Oct., 1845-Nov. 18, ’52; Chartiers Cross Roads June, i86o-Ap., ’67; Lawrence, Kan., June 18, 1867-July 29, ’75; of Telfer, Ontario, Canada, Sept. 16, 1879-Sept, ii, ’83; Shenango and Sandy Lake, Pa., Oct, 10 and 24, 1884- HERRON, Samuee Thompson (A.): Was born June 7, 1818, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1841, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1844, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained May 20, ’46, by Ohio; pastor of New Lisbon and West Beaver, Columbiana Co., O., 1846-’68; spent a year in Mt. Pleasant, la.; labored eight years as a missionary in Adams Co., la., and organized three congregations; pas¬ tor of Eden Prairie and Glendale, in Minn., Sept 13, 1878- July 3, ’83; S. S. at Corning, la. Publication: A Sermon on Slavery, 1856. HERVEY, James McMath (nephew of Hugh H.): Was born Nov. 30, 1853, at Tarentum, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, and studied theology two years in Yale Theo. Sem., and one at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1879, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Aug. 5, ’79, by Monongahela; pastor of Fifth Ch., Pittsburgh, Aug. 9, 1879- Feb. 18, ’84; S. S. Los Angeles, Cal., 1884-Oct, 1887. HERVEY, Hugh Henry, D. D. (A. R.): Was bom Oct. 10, 1826, near Banbridge, county Down, Ireland; was graduated at the Western University in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed March 26, 1851, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 15, ’53, by the Lake; pastor of Hartstown and North Shenango, Craw¬ ford Co., Pa., since ordination, and Jamestown, Mercer Co., THE MINISTRY. 379 until 1858. Publications: A Memorial Sermon of tbe Rev. Dr. Joseph H. Pressly. HILL, Robert Alexander (A.): Was born Feb. 20, 1820, at Buffalo, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University, and studied theol¬ ogy in the Ref. Pres. Sem., in Philadelphia; was licensed in 1847 by the Northern Presbytery, (Ref Pres.,) and ordained by the same Sept. 4, ’48; was pastor in Ryegate, Vt., Sept., 1848-’51; at Paterson, N. J., 1851-’55; united with the Asso. Presbytery of Albany in 1855, and tendered his services to the Board of Foreign Missions to take the place of Mr. John Harper (who declined the appointment). Accompany¬ ing Mr. Stevenson to Northern India, they sailed Aug. 22, 1855, and arrived at Calcutta Jan. 22, 1856. He labored principally at Sialkot; lost everything in the Sepoy mutiny; returned to the U. S. in 1863, and was pastor in Jersey City, N. J., 1864-N0V., ’70; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is in Pittsburgh, Pa. HILL, Samuel (A. R.): Was received in Feb., 1846, from the Presbyterian Ch., by the Blairsville Presbytery, and left the church within a year. HINDMAN, John (A.)*: Was born Feb. 7, 1795, at Saltsburgh, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1824, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1828, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept, i, ’31, by the same; pastor of Glade Run and Lower Piney, in Armstrong Co., and Mahoning and Beracha, in Indiana, Pa., from his ordination; resigned Maho¬ ning in March, ’45, and the others in April, ’52, and died Nov. 26, i860, from paralysis. He protested against the union of 1858, and declined to enter the United Presbyterian Church. HINDMAN, Samuel (A.)*: Brother of the Rev. John; was born in Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1824, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 4, 1828, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Ap, 28, ’30, by Muskingum; was installed at ordination pastor of Mansfield, West Union and Washington, 38 o THE MINISTRY. O. In ’41 his charge was re-arranged and divided into two, and he remained pastor of North and South Washington, in Marion Co., O.; resigned North Washington in ’46, and South Washington in ’57; was installed in Nov., ’57, as pastor of Pleasant Divide, in Monroe Co., la. He opposed the union of 1858, and declined to go into the United Presbyterian Ch., and died in 1868. HOGG, John, D. D. *: Was born Ap. 30, 1833, Gladsmuir, Haddingtonshire, Scotland, and united with the church at fifteen years of age; was graduated at the Edinburgh University in 1853, studied theology in the United Presbyterian Hall until 1856, when he was sent out by a Scottish society to open a Protestant school in Alexandria, Egypt; returned to Scot¬ land in 1859, finished his theological course, and was li¬ censed in Nov., 1859, by the Pres, of Edinburgh (United Presbyterian); returned immediately to Alexandria as a mis¬ sionary under the Board of the United Presbyterian Ch. of North America, and was ordained May 22, i860, by the Missionary Presbytery of Egypt. Broken down in health, he visited, in 1872, Scotland and the United States. He labored principally in Alexandria and Asyoot, and largely in the educational department of the mission. Died at Asyoot, Feb. 27, 1886. Publications: Translations made and printed in whole or in part in Arabic, The Poor Ead Who Found a Precious Treasure, 30 pp., 1864; The Shining Damp, 30 pp., 1864; Life of Eord Haddo, 30 pp., 1864; Dr. Mac- Duff’s Child’s Theology, 1865; Why I Became an Evangeli¬ cal, 80 pp., 1868; Students’ Bible Hand-Book, Part First, 160 pp., 1868; Notes on International Series of Lessons for Sabbath-school Teachers, for 1881; Neither is their Salvation in Any Other, pp. 80, 1881. In English—First Ten Years of Missionary Work in Egypt, in ten letters, in Tmies of Blessings Scotland, 1876. Translations not yet printed, from lack of leisure to revise and distance from any printing press, but circulating in Arabic MSS. among students, elders, etc.— Patterson’s Notes on the Shorter Catechism, to the Tenth Commandment, 1863-64; The Younger Hodge’s Outlines of Theology, chapters i-viii, 1863-’4; Angus’ Bible Hand- THE MINISTRY. 381 Book, one-third of the volume; Abstract of Fairbairn’s Ty¬ pology; Abstract of Fairbairn on Prophecy. Introduction to each of the books of the Old Testament, with analysis of the prophetical books and discussions on difficult passages—The Mosaic Dispensation, a Preparation for Christ; Translation of Rawlinson’s Bampton Lectures on the Historical Evi¬ dences of Christianity; Schaff’s History of the Christian Church, Vol. I; Principal Crawford Baird’s Lecture on the Mysteries of Christianity; Dean of Canterbury’s (Dr. Smith) Prophecy, a Preparation for Christ; Prof. MacGregor’s Chris¬ tian Doctrine, Edinburgh, 1874; Prof. Calderwood’s Text Book on Moral Philosophy; Dr. P. Davidson’s (Edinburgh) Hand-Book'^for Catechumens, and a number of tracts on the Errors of the Plymouth Brethren; The Pastoral Office; The Christian’s Relation to the Moral Law; The Charismata, and Especially the Gift of Prophecy; The Righteousness which is of God, etc., etc., 1868-1885. HOGG, John: Was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theol¬ ogy at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 17, 1864, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Aug. 31, ’64, by Stamford; was pastor of Port Hope, Ontario, Canada, Aug., i864-’8; Lawrence, Mass., 1868-N0V. 23, ’75, and now a missionary of the Presbyterian Ch. of Canada in Manitoba. HOLLIDAY, William (A. R.)*: Was received in June, 1847, from the Presbyterian Ch. by the Pres, of Indiana, and in Ap., 1849, returned to his orig¬ inal connection. HOLMES, James (A. R.) *: Was born in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami Univer- sity, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1854, by Springfield Pres., and ordained May 3, ’55, by Mo- nongahela; was pastor of the Third Ch., Allegheny, from his ordination until his death. Died Jan. 14, 1857. HOOD, John: Was born Dec. 30, 1843, riear Service, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 6, 1871, by Frankfort Pres., 382 THE MINISTRY. and ordained by the same Ap. 9, ’72; pastor of Burgettstown, Pa., Ap., 1872-Ap., ’78; of Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., May 7, 1878-Aug. 14, ’81; Boston, Mass., Sept. 7, 1881- HOOD, Robert: Was born July 18, 1856, at Indiana, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1879, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1882, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained Dec. 12, ’82, by Keokuk; pastor at Keota, la., Dec., 1882- Dec. 8, ’85; Indian Creek and Center Ridge, la., since Oct. 10, 1886. HOOD, Robert H. : Was born Jan. 19, 1855, Elder’s Ridge, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept, ii, 1883, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained Oct. 9, ’84, by Chartiers; pastor of Peter’s Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Oct. 9, 1884. HOOD, Samuel M. : Was born Jan. 17, 1844, in Indiana, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 28, 1868, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’70, by Allegheny; pastor of Deer Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa., since his ordination. HORNE, William (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 19, 1778, in Falkirk, Sterlingshire, Scot¬ land; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied the¬ ology in the Burgher Hall under Dr. Lawson; was ordained Sept. 21, 1802, at Braehead, and spent a long pastorate in his native land. In the spring of 1833 he emigrated to Canada, and in ’34 settled in Switzerland Co., Ind.; joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was pastor of Caledonia 1834-’48. In Oct., 1848, he ceased from active labors and retired to his son’s house, in Yorktown, Delaware Co., Ind., where he died sud¬ denly Dec. 17, 1848, from heart disease. He had just finished writing an excellent article upon “The Legitimate and Good Use of the Moral Law,’’ which was afterward published in the United Presbyterian^ April number, 1849. HOUSTON, Alexander Young (A.): Was born Aug. 18, 1824, Coitsville, Trumbull Co., O.; THK MINISTRY. 383 was graduated at Franklin in 1853, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in Sept, 1855, by Shenango Pres., and ordained Mar. 19, ’58, by Chartiers; pastor of Peter’s Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Mar., 1858-Dec. ’64; Palestine and Clarkson, Allegheny Co., May, 1867-Ap. 16, ’72; Rye- gate, Vt, Feb. 13, 1873-Feb., ’75; S. S. of Mahoning and Harbor, Lawrence Co., Pa., i876-’9; Wampum, 1880-2. HOUSTON, Hugh H. : Was born Nov. 16, 1845, Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1873, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Mar. 2, ’75, by Monmouth; pastor of La Prairie, in Marshall Co., Ill., Mar. 2, 1875-Aug. 27, ’84; Poland, O., Dec. 15, 1885. Publication: History of La Prairie Congregation, pp. 24, 1877. HOUSTON, Thomas Alexander: Brother of Hugh H.; was born Ap. 14, 1850, near Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, by Mercer, and ordained Sept. 2, ’79, by Bloomington; pastor of Hoopes- ton, Vermillion Co., Ill., Sept. 2, 1879-Mar. 22, ’87; Centre, Lawrence Co., Pa., since Sept. 20, 1887. HOWDEN, WiUEiAM (A. R.)*: Was born in Dec., 1783, near Haddington, in Scotland; was academically educated and studied theology privately; was ordained by a Congregational Association, and labored with the Haldaneites; performed missionary work in the North of England, in Scotland and in Ireland; came to the Province of New Brunswick about 1820, and spent seven years there in missionary work; came to the U. S. in 1828, and joined the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of Washington on the 28th of Nov., and at the same time took pastoral charge of the congregation of Cambridge, although not formally installed until Sept. 29, 1829. He resigned this charge June ii, ’34, and spent the following year in Scotland. In the spring of ’36 he com¬ menced laboring as a missionary in Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., and organized a congregation at Lyndon in ’40, and supplied Lyndon, with its out-stations, at Franklinville, Freedom and 384 THE MINISTRY. Cuba, until ’49, when he passed for a time to Canada, and then returned to the U. S., but never resumed active labors. He died at his daughter’s house in Aurora, Cayuga Co., N. Y., Feb. 15, 1865. He had many eccentricities which made him appear odd to strangers, but his sermons were always full of excellent matter, expressed in good language, and delivered with warmth and earnestness. HOWIE, James, M. D.*: Was born Ap. 18, 1807, in London Parish, Ayrshire, Scot¬ land; was graduated at Glasgow University, where he also took the degree of M. D.; studied theology at the United Secession Hall under Drs. Mitchell, Dick, Duncan and Pal¬ mer; was licensed in 1835 by the United Secession Pres, of Forfar. He devoted his time mainly to medicine, and prac¬ ticed in the great parish of Ardnamurchan, in Argyleshire, 1844-’65; came to the U. S. and was ordained Sept. 9, 1868, by the Pres, of St. Louis; opened the United Presbyterian Church in Cuba, Crawford Co., Missouri, in ’68, and served it as S. S. for several years, and then retired from active labors; died Jan. 16, 1887. Publications: My Home, Country and Church, pp. 500, 1840; Sketches in Britain, and Queen Victoria’s first visit to Scotland, blank verse, pp. 200, 1842; A Voice from Benresipol, pp. 500, 1858; Isabella, or Grace Triumphant, a Memoir, pp. icx), 1866; Liberty Lost and Won, in blank verse, ready for the press. HOWIE, WiLEiAM Maurice: Was born Sept, i, 1845, Waukesha, Wis; was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia and Newburgh; was licensed June 13, 1877, by Keokuk, and or¬ dained June II, ’78, by Delaware; pastor of Walton, Delaware Co., N. Y., since ordination. HUBBELL, Spencer C. : Was born July 29, 1834, in Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 3, 1865, by Lake, and or¬ dained Ap. 20, ’69, by Muskingum; pastor of Scotch Ridge, Wood Co., O., Nov., 1871-July, ’77. THE MINISTRY. 385 HUME, Robert Henry: Was born Aug. 14, 1848, near Eisbon, Otsego Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 4, 1875, by Argyle, and ordained Sept. 13, ’76, by Caledonia; pastor of Sterling Valley, Cayuga Co., N. Y., from ordination till Oct. 17, ’82; of Morning Sun, O., Dec. 26, 1882- HUME, William (A.)*: Was born and educated in Scotland; was licensed in 1799 by the Asso. Pres, of Kirkcaldy, and appointed in the autumn of that year by the Gen. Asso. Synod to reinforce the Pres, of Kentucky; was ordained Feb. 5, 1800, by Kirkcaldy Pres., and sailed the following summer, and arrived in Kentucky in the early part of 1801. He was pastor of the Asso. congregation near Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 2, i8oi-’2i. In the spring of 1821 he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Nash¬ ville from that time until his death, which occurred in 1835. HUNTER, James Connel*: Was born at Shaver’s Creek, Huntingdon Co., Pa., May 17, 1849; graduated at Westminster in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 7, 1879, by Butler, and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 21, ’80, by the same; pastor of Mifflin and Jefferson, Allegheny Co., Jan. 25, 1881-Mar. 31, ’85; died Feb. 27, 1887. HUNTER, William Minteer: Was born Jan. 30, 1844, Harrison Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 9, 1874, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Sept. 28, ’75, by Frankfort; was pastor of Cross Creek, W. Va., Sept. 1875-Oct., ’76; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1881, and is at Union Point, O. HUSTON, Edward Hunter: Was born Dec. 7, 1846, in Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 19, 1877, by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 6, ’78, by the same; pastor of Norwich and Goshen, Muskingum Co., Nov. 6, 1878-Sep. 16, ’84; Hope- well, Preble Co., O., Oct. 28, 1884- 386 THE MINISTRY. HUTCHISON, Adolphus Power: Was born Dec. 29, 1850, at New Wilmington, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 13, 1881, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained May 6, ’81, by Princeton; pastor at Rushville, Ind., May 6, i88i-Feb. 19, 85; Mahoning, O., June 23, 1885- HUTCHISON, Fulton A. (A.): Was born Oct. 18, 1820, at New London, Chester Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 28, 1848, by the Philadel¬ phia Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Oct. 19, ’49, by South¬ ern Indiana; pastor of Noblestown, Pa., Sept. 16, 1850-June, ’69; has since been S. S. in different congregations in New York, Philadelphia and Dayton. Publications: Christian Patriot, a Sermon, 1852; Evils, a lecture before the Beaver Academy, pp. 24, 1855; Devotement of the Church to the Cause of Missions, Sermon, pp. 24, 1853. HUTCHISON, Oeorge Andrew: Was born Nov. 5, 1837, in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Princeton and Monmouth; was licensed in the spring of 1863 by Schuyler Pres. (Presbyterian), and ordained in ’66 by Chillicothe Pres. (United Presbyterian), and supplied at West Liberty. About 1868 he joined the Presbyterian Ch.; was a short time pastor of Doddsville, Ill., and then in Nebraska; removed to Kansas and joined the Baptist Ch., and is in connection with it in Denver, Col. HUTCHISON, John Calvin, Ph. D. : Was born Oct. 5, 1832, in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1856, and studied theology at Oxford and Monmouth; was licensed in April, 1859, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 6, ’62, by the same; has been Prof, of Mathematics and Natural Science in Monmouth College since 1858. HUTCHISON, John Findley, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Nov. 10, 1826, near Bellbrook, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1850, and studied theology with the Findlevs in Chillicothe and at Oxford; was licensed June THE MINISTRY. 387 9, 1852, by Springfield Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’53, by the same; was pastor of Kenton, O., 1853-Jan., ’57; of Shiloh and for 2 years Vienna, Ind., April, 1857-April, ’66; Princi¬ pal of the Female Seminary in Xenia i866-’8; pastor of Madi¬ son, Ind., July, 1868-Oct., ’76; of Milroy and Vienna, Ind., since Nov. 21, 1876; was President of the Board of Education in Madison, Ind., for five years; was a member of the com¬ mittee of the General Assembly on the new version of the Psalms, and attended every meeting; also a member of the committee which prepared the “ Bible Songs.” HUTCHISON, Joseph Mieeer D. D. : Was born Mar. 21, 1836, at Fredericksburg, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1862, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained May 5, ’65, by Philadelphia; pastor of Tenth Ch., Philadel¬ phia, May, 1865-N0V., ’69; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and has been pastor in Jeffersonville, Ind., since 1871. HUTCHISON, Samuee M. (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 3, 1824, Taylorstown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1848, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed April 14, 1852, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 20, ’54, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Barlow and Bethel, Washington Co., O., Ap. 1854-’7; Mt. Vernon, O., 1860-June 16, ’63; Ontario and Shelby, O.; 1865-’7; Washington and Fairview, O., 1867, until death July 13, 1874. HUTCHISON, WiEEiAM Andrew: Was born in Oct., 1837, near Sidney O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1863, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1865, by Sidney Pres., and ordained in the spring of’67; pastor of Milroy, Ind., i867-’9; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now at Franklin, O. HUTCHISON, WiEEiAM Ross: Was born Sept. 19, 1829, Oxford, Chester Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, i860, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Sept., 10, ’61, by Butler; pastor of Clin¬ ton, Butler Co., Pa., Sept., 1861-June 25, ’73; Ottawa, Kan., Dec. 23, 1873-June 15, ’85; Coldwater, Kan., Oct., 1886- 388 THE MINISTRY. IMBRIE, Dayid (A.)*: Was born of Scotch parents, Aug. 28, 1777, in Philadelphia, and while an infant was taken by his parents to Scotland, where the family remained until some time after the termina¬ tion of the war of independence, when they returned to this country and settled in western Pennsylvania. He finished his literary course in Canonsburg Academy a few months be¬ fore it was chartered as Jefferson College, and was one of the nine students who founded the “Franklin Literary Society.” Nov. 14, 1797; studied theology with Dr. John Anderson at Service; was licensed Dec. 14, 1803, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, 1806, by the same; was pastor of Little Beaver (now Bethel), Brush Run (now Darlington) and with Big Beaver until Ap. 19, 1808, from his ordination until his death. On Sabbath morning, June 13, 1842, he went to Bethel Church, and soon after his arrival was stricken with apoplexy, and died in the house of a member near by. Pub¬ lication: A Defence, a trial in which he was charged by a neighboring Presbyterian minister with misrepresenting him in regard to the Sonship of Christ. IMBRIE, David Reed (A.)*: Son of the Rev. David; was born Jan. 24, 1812, at Darling¬ ton, Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Darlington Academy under Dr. George Scott, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 16, 1839, Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 26,”42, by Shenango; was installed at ordination as pastor of New Wilmington, Mt. Prospect and New Castle, Pa.; re¬ signed the last in ’47, and Mt. Prospect in ’53, and New Wilmington in ’67. In 1870 he moved to Kansas and served the Ottawa congregation as S. S. until his death Jan. 29, 1872. IMBRIE, David Reed: Son of Rev. David R.; was born Ap. 7, 1849, at New Wil¬ mington, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1870, by Chillicothe Pres., and ordained Jan. 25, ’72, by Allegheny; was pastor of Fleming and Mt. Nebo, Allegheny Co., Jan., 1872-Dec. 10, ’72; of Harrisville, Harrison Co., O., June 10, THE MINSITRY. 389 1873-Ap. 10, ’77; and pastor of Mt. Nebo and Tally-Cavey, Allegheny Co., since Ap. 9, 1878. IMBRIE, John Johnston: Son of the Rev. David R.; was born June 29, 1844, at New Wilmington, Pa.; was educated at Westminster, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 6, 1872, by the Gar¬ nett Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Nov. 10, ’75, by Wheel¬ ing; S. S. at Brownsville and Pleasant Ridge, Monroe Co., O., i 875-’6; S. S. at Wampum, Eawrence Co., Pa., i876-’9; and of Remmington, Harbor and Shenango i879-’82; Scotch Hill, Ebenezer and W. Unity May 2, 1883- IMBRIE, J. M.: Was born in 1842, near Eowelville, Mahoning Co., O.; was educated at Westminster; studied law and practiced two years at Rock Bluff, Neb., where he was ordained a ruling elder; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1873, by Nebraska Pres., and ordained Aug. 30, ’75, by Butler; pastor of Clinton and Shiloh, Butler Co., Pa., Aug. 1875-May 7, ’78; Mt. Zion, Armstrong Co., Pa., S. S. 1883-5, and pastor 1885- INCHES, David: Was born Oct. 18, 1834, in Perthshire, Scotland; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1868, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth; was licensed in June, 1868, by Le Claire Pres., and ordained Sept. 30, ’69, by Monmouth; pastor of Spring Grove, Ill., Sept., 1869-Feb. 17, ’74; Third Ch., Monmouth, Ap. 15, 1874-Aug. 27, ’76; North Bend, Neb., Aug. 30, 1877-Mar. 30, ’87. INGEES, James (A.): Was born Sept. 10, 1821, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1845, studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed in Ap., 1852, by the Richland Pres., and ordained in Ap., ’54, by Northern Illinois; was pastor at Rock Run, Ill., Ap., i854-’57; and has been at Scotland, Ind., since Ap., 1858. INGEES, Nathaniel (A.)*: Nephew of Dr. John Anderson; was born near Service, . Beaver Co., Pa., May 5, 1798; was graduated at Jefferson in 1825, studied theology at Canonsburg; .was licensed July 390 THE MINISTRY. 2, 1828, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained July 14, ’29, by the same; was installed Sept. 17, 1831, pastor of Raccoon and Burnett’s Creek, Parke Co., Ind.; resigned Raccoon (Portland Mills), Ap., ’35; out of Burnett’s Creek was organized a new congregation called Pleasant Run, he continued pastor of it and Burnett’s Creek until ’44, when Pleasant Run was de- mitted; resigned Burnett’s Creek May 12, ’59; itinerated till ’63, when he moved to Edina, Knox Co., Mo., where he died Aug. 30, 1864, of paralysis. He did not go into the union of 1858, but remained with the Associate Synod. IRONS, Andrew (A.)*: Was born July 17, 1820, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Washington, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was li¬ censed Oct. 29, 1850, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in the autumn of ’53 by Detroit; pastor of Bruce, Mich., 1853-8; ot Portersville and Mountville, Butler Co., Pa., Nov., 1859- Dec. 27, ’63, at which latter date he died. IRONS, Davidson Widdiam: Was born Sept, ii, 1848, at New Sheffield, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1872, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed June 16, 1874, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’83, by Sidney; pastor at Gilead, Wood Co., O., Sept. 4, 1883-Sept. 16, ’84; Barlow, O., since Aug. 13, 1885. IRONS, John Douds: Was born Aug. ii, 1842, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed July ii, 1872, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained May 13, ’73, by Monongahela; pastor of Verona, Westmoreland Co., May, 1873-June 28, ’87; was Tutor or Prof, in Westminster 1870-’2; President of Mus¬ kingum College since Sept., 1887. Served as a private in One Hundred and Fortieth Pennsylvania Volunteers Aug. 15, 1862-June 3, ’65; was in twenty-one regular battles, and was on the front at Lee’s surrender. •IRONS, William Dickson: Brother of John D.; was born July 16, 1852, at New Shef¬ field, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1875, THE MINISTRY. 391 and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed July 8, 1879, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained June 29, ’80, by Mononga- hela; pastor of McDonald, Allegheny Co., since ordination. IRVINE, James (A.)^: Was born about 1797 in Jackson, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1819, and studied theology with Dr. Banks in Philadelphia; was licensed in Sept, 1822, by Miami Pres., and ordained July 7, ’24, by Cambridge; was pastor of West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., July, 1824- Sept, ’31; Second Ch., New York, Nov. 17, 1831, until his death, Nov. 25, 1835. “An eloquent and faithful and un¬ usually successful preacher of Christ’s gospel.” IRVINE, John (A. R.): Was received Sept. 29, 1853, Presbytery of Butler from “the Presbytery of New Brunswick, adhering to the Westminster Confession of Faith.” After traveling two years among the churches he received a certificate to join’some other church. IRVINE, Samuel, D. D. (A.)*: Was born June 25, 1787, at Dergh Bridge, Tyrone county, Ireland; his parents came to the U. S. in 1788, and in 1796 settled in Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. John Anderson at Service; was licensed Aug. 12, 1819, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Feb. 28, ’21, by Chartiers; was installed at ordination as pas¬ tor of Salt Creek, Wooster, Newman’s Creek, and Mohecan, O. After some time, as the population and membership in¬ creased, he resigned the last two, and in ’37 he resigned Woos¬ ter, and in its stead took charge of Millersburg until 1852. On the ist of Ap., ’61, he tendered the resignation of Salt Creek, but before Presbytery had time to act in the matter he died on the 22d of April. IRVINE, Samuel Glasgow, D. D. (A.): Son of the Rev. Dr. Samuel; was born Aug. 14, 1826, at Wooster, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1845, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 9, 1850, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained Mar. 12, ’51, by the same; was President of Muskingum College 1850-’51; was installed 392 THE MINISTRY. Nov. 20, 1852, as pastor of Willamette, in Linn Co., Oregon, and also of Albany, Linn Co., in June, 1857; resigned Wil¬ lamette in Nov., ’74, and still retains Albany. He was Mod¬ erator of the General Assembly of 1878. IRVING, Clark (A. R.): Was born May 10, 1810, in county Armagh, Ireland. His parents came to the U. S. in 1813, and settled at Montgom- er}'', N. Y., where he was brought up. He was graduated at Union in 1838, and studied theology at Newburgh; was li¬ censed in the spring of 1841 by New York Pres.; had charge of the classical school in Newburgh in connection with the Theological Seminary 1841-’6; was ordained Sept. 9, ’46, sme titulo^ by Saratoga; was pastor of Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y., as assistant and successor of the Rev. William McAuley, June 16, 1847-Sept., ’70; had charge of the class¬ ical department of Stamford Academy 1870-’6, and then re¬ tired to Montgomery, Orange Co., N. Y. IRWIN, Robert (A. R.)*: Was in his youth a resident of South Carolina, and most likely pursued his studies privately. He was licensed in May, 1802, by the Second Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained in Dec. following by the same; was pastor of Generostee and Diamond Hill 1804-’14; of Generostee and Rocky Springs 1816, until his death in the spring of ’24. A man of many excellencies and much beloved, but very tedious in all his ex¬ ercises. His friend and neighbor, the Rev. Alex. Porter, while sitting behind him in the pulpit, once tried to stop him in a sermon, and several times pulled his coat and showed him his watch. But it was no use; the reply of the good man was, “But I hasten,” and then branching out upon a new theme he would entirely forget the hint. Very frequently the twilight of the Sabbath evening would find him still in his pulpit. ISAAC, Andrew (A.)*: Was born in Carrs Croft, near Perth, Scotland, in 1789; was educated and licensed in his native country, and came to the U. S. in 1819, and was ordained Oct. 31, ’20, by Char- tiers Pres.; was pastor of Carmel and connections, Ind., THE MINISTRY. 393 1820-’7; of Londonderry and Sharon, O., Sept. 17, 1827, until his death Sept. 12, 1840, which was very sudden and quiet, for Mrs. Isaac waked in the morning and found him dead by her side. JACK, Alexander B. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1834, and principally educated in Scotland; came to the U. S. in 1855, and attended two winters at New¬ burgh; was licensed May 6, 1857, by New York Pres., and ordained on the 25th of the following month by the same, and at the same time installed pastor of the Union Ch., New¬ burgh, N. Y.; declined going into the union of 1858; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and when pastor at Hazleton, Luzerne Co., Pa., died May 21, 1886. JACKSON, Hugh Park: Was born Ap. 18, 1836, at Cedarville, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1859, studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 28, 1865, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Dec. 19, ’65, by the Lake; was pastor at Waterford, Brie Co., Pa., D^c. 19, 1865-Sept. 19, ’69; was superintend¬ ent of schools at Cedarville 1872-75; was installed Ap. 12, 1876, as pastor at Carmel, Jefferson Co., Ind. Publication: Farewell Sermon at Waterford. JACKSON, Hugh Thomas: Was born Oct. 10, 1849, in Baltimore, Md.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 18, 1883, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 15, ’83, by Concordia; pastor of Concordia, Kan., since ordination. JACKSON, Joseph Buffington: Was born Nov. 21, 1845, i^^ar Apollo, Armstrong Co., Pa.; saw service in the civil war; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 5, 1871, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Ap. 8, ’73, by the same; was installed pastor of Greensburg and Latrobe, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Ap. 8, 1873, and re¬ leased from Greensburg Dec. 21, ’75, and from Latrobe Ap. 10, ’77; pastor of Shelocta and Blderton, Armstrong Co., Pa., since Dec. ii, 1877. 25 394 THE MINISTRY. JACKSON, WiivLiAM Cunningham (A.)*: Was born at Cedarville, O., Dec. 21, 1827; graduated at Centre College, Ky., in 1848, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed in Nov., 1852, by Miami Pres., and ordained Feb. 7, ’54, by Shenango; pastor of Greenville, Mercer Co., Pa., Feb., 1854-July 2, ’61; of Chicago, 1861- Mar., ’68, and of the Fourth United Presbyterian congrega¬ tion in Philadelphia Mar., 1868, until his death, which re¬ sulted from a cancer Dec. 22, 1878. JAMIESON, Alvin W. : Was born July 16, 1861, near Davenport, la.; was gradu¬ ated in 1882 at Monmouth, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. i, 1884, by Le Claire Pres., and or¬ dained Aug. 25, ’85, by Monmouth; pastor of Gerlaw, Warren Co., Ill., Aug., 1885- ^ i i f V JAMIESON, John (A. R.)*: Was born at Thornhill, south of Glasgow, in Scotland, in 1747; was graduated at St. Andrew’s University, and studied theology with John Brown, of Haddington; was licensed and ordained by a Burgher Presbytery; came to this country in the autumn of 1783,, and in Nov. of the same year united with the Asso. Ref. Ch. ;(^was pastor of Big Spring congrega¬ tion at Newville, Pa., Sept. 22, 1784-spring of ’92; was in¬ stalled Oct. II, 1793, as pastor of Hannastown and its con¬ nections in the present counties of Westmoreland and Indiana, Pa.; was released from Hannastown and Bethel and gave all his time to Loyalhanna and Conemaugh, Aug. 12, 1795; was deposed by Synod in 1797 for false and injurious abuse of the Synod and some of its members, and for errors in doctrine in reference to faith and the offer of the gospel to the reprobate. He continued to reside upon his farm in Indiana Co., and died July I, 1821, from paralysis. He was appointed by his Pres¬ bytery as Instructor in Theology, and Alex. Porter, Alex. McCoy and David Proudfit studied theology with him. Pub¬ lication: An Account of the Disputes between the Associate Reformed Synod and the Rev. John Jamieson, 1800. JAMIESON, Jesse Mitchel, D. D. : Was born near Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., Pa., July 30, THE MINISTRY. 395 1831; was graduated in 1856 at Westminster and studied the¬ ology in Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1859, United Presbyterian Pres., of Allegheny, and ordained May i, ’60, by Steubenville; was installed pastor May 20, i860, of Piny Fork, Harrison Co., O., and is still in charge. Prof, of Lan¬ guages in Hopedale College, 1873-80. Publications : A Ser¬ mon on Slavery, 1863; a Sermon on Regeneration, in 1870. JAMISON, John (A. R.): Brother of Samuel; was born Aug. 2, 1823, West Mid¬ dletown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology in Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1853, by the Pres., of Steubenville, and ordained Aug. 21, ’55, by Butler; was pastor of Freeport and connections Aug., 1855-60; was S. S. in the oil regions, Kerr Ridge, etc., 1864-’5; was installed Ap. 14, 1868, pastor of Gettysburg, in Adams Co., Pa., and Duncannon, Perry Co.; resigned the Duncannon branch July i, ’74, and took charge of Hopewell, in York Co.; resigned Gettysburg Sept. 30, 1884. JAMISON, Robert Addison: Was born at West Middletown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated in 1874 at Westminster, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, by the Beaver Valley Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, ’78, by West¬ moreland, and installed pastor of Apollo and Union, in Arm¬ strong Co., Pa. JAMISON, Samued (A. R.): Was born Mar. 2, 1820, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1843, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1847, ^Y Steubenville Pres., and ordained Aug. 16, ’48, by Blairsville; was pastor of Bethesda, Allegheny Co., Pa., Aug, 16, 1848-Dec., ’66; of Warrensburg, Johnston Co., Mo., Aug., 1868-Mar. ’70; Guinston, York Co., Pa., since April 25, 1871. JAMISON, WiDLiAM Humphrey (A. R.)*: Was born in 1820, in county Derry, Ireland; educated in Belfast, and at Canonsburg Pa., and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1845, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained June 23, ’46, by the same; was pastor of Me- 396 THE MINISTRY. chanicstown, Yellow Creek and New Lebanon, O., June, 1846-’54; joined the Free Church, and was pastor in Darling¬ ton, Beaver Co., Pa., for three years; returned to the Asso. Ref. Church, and was pastor of Evansburg and White Oak Springs, Butler Co., Pa., from 1858, resigning the former in ’62, and the latter Jan. 16, ’78. Died at New Lisbon, O., Ap. 13, 1886. JEFFERS, Eeiakim Tupper, D. D. : Was born Ap. 6, 1841, at Upper Stewiacke, Nova Scotia ; was graduated at Jefferson in 1862, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 28, 1864, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 25, ’65, by Philadel¬ phia; was pastor of Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., Sept, 1865- July 31, ’72; President of Westminster College, Sept. 25, i 872-’83; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1880; joined the Presbyterian Ch., in 1883, and became Prof of Theology in Lincoln University, Pa. Publication: God Re¬ vealed in Christ, a Sermon, 1881. JEFFERS, William Hamilton, D. D. LL. D. Was born May i, 1838, at Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Geneva College, O., in 1855, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in May, 1859, Sidney Pres., and ordained Nov. II, ’62, by the same; pastor of Bellefontaine and North- wood, O., Nov., 1862-June, ’65; Prof of Latin and Hebrew in Westminster College, Jan., 1867-July, ’69; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch.; was Prof, of Greek in the Wooster University, O., Sept, 1870-Mar., ’75; pastor of the Euclid Avenue Pres., Church in Cleveland, O., Ap., 1875-June, ’77; Prof of Old Testament Literature in the Western Theo. Sem., Allegheny (Presbyterian), since autumn of 1877. JENKINS, William (A. R.)*: “A gentleman of liberal education and extensive theologi¬ cal knowledge, who was in the employment of the Northern Missionary Society as schoolmaster and catechist among the Oneida Indians, was taken on trial for licensure ’ ’ by the Presbytery of Saratoga in 1808; he was also ordained in Feb., 1809, by the same, and labored as a domestic missionary un¬ til Jan. 26, ’19, when, having accepted a call to the pastorate THE MINISTRY. 397 of the Burger congregation at Markham, Upper Canada, he was transferred to the Burgher Church of Canada. JENNE, Oscar: Was educated and ordained in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and joined the Presbytery of Monmouth in 1875; was S. S. at Mission Creek, Neb., 1876-’7; soon afterward retired from the church, and is residing on a farm in the vicinity ot Mission Creek. JOHNSON, Rufus: Was born Dec. 19, 1837, at Chillicothe, O.; was graduated at the Urbana Collegiate Institute, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 15, 1866, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained June 15, ’69, by Monmouth; pastor of Pleasant Hill, Guernsey Co., O., June, 1869-Ap. 8, ’73; of Elvira, la., Dec. 9, 1874-Feb. 9, ’76; Spring Grove, near Monmouth, Ilk, 1876-May 15, ’80. JOHNSTON, Andrew (A. R.)*: Was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1809; came to the U. S. in 1829, settled with a sister in Geneva, N. Y., where he attended for some time at Hobart College, and then commenced the study of law. He soon changed his views and aims of life, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 16, 1837, by New York Pres., and ordained in the autumn of the same year by Saratoga; was pastor of West Charlton, Saratoga Co., N. Y., 1837-May 16, ’55; was S. S. at Hobart, N. Y., one year; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1856, and was pastor in Hopewell, Orange Co., N. Y., for a number of years; joined the Reformed Dutch Ch. in 1872, and was pastor at Glenville, near Schenectady, N. Y., 1872- ’5; retired to Schenectady and died there March 20, 1880. JOHNSTON, Henry H. (A. R.)*: Was born June 24, 1819, in Chillicothe, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1840, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1843, Chillicothe Pres., and ordained, sme titulo^ in the autumn of ’44 by Illinois; pastor in St. Eouis 1845-Ap. ’47; of Sugar Creek, Greene Co., O., June, 1848- Ap. 8, ’51; S. S. in Dayton for some time; East Boston, Mass., Jan., 1857-Sept. 8, ’58; declined going into the union of 398 THE MINISTRY. 1858, and entered the Reformed Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Hastings-on-the-Hudson i86i-’5, and S. S. at Leyden Centre, Ill., 1867-May, ’80. Died suddenly at St. Edward, Boone Co., Neb., Jan. 18, 1881, of pulmonary apoplexy. Pub¬ lication: The Attitude of the Church in the Work of Mis¬ sions, a Sermon before General Synod of 1850, Vol. I., Asso. Ref. Pulpit. JOHNSTON, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1784 in York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1814, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed June 27, 1821, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 2, ’22, by the same; was pastor of Mansfield and Lexington, O., May, 1822-’51, and died in York Co., Pa., March 12, 1858. JOHNSTON, Jeremiah Rankin, D. D. : Was born near Mercersburg, in Franklin Co., Pa., Mar. 21, 1836; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained June 18, ’63, by Chartiers, to the pastorate of Washington, Pa., which he still retains; was dele¬ gate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. He has written voluminously for the papers of the United Presbyterian Church. JOHNSTON, John Black, D. D.*: Was born Mar. 13, 1802, in Indiana Co., Pa., and was reared in the Covenanter Church; was graduated at Franklin in 1830, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Seminary at Pittsburgh; was licensed by the Ref. Pres. Presbytery of Pitts¬ burgh in 1832, and ordained in June, 1834, by the Western Presbytery; was pastor of Miami, Logan Co., O., 1834-’45; missionary to Hayti; joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Sidney in Nov., 1858; pastor of St. Clairsville, O., July, 1859-June 9, ’74; remained without charge at St. Clairsville until his death, Oct. 24, 1882. Publication: The Prayer Meeting, i2mo. JOHNSTON, JosiAH Melanchthon*: Was born Sept. 12, 1830, in Westmoreland Co., Pa., and reared in the Covenanter Church; was graduated at Geneva THE MINISTRY. 399 College, O., in 1854, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Seminary, and also in the Asso. Ref. at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1858, by the Presbytery of Pittsburgh (Ref. Pres.), and ordained Ap. 20, ’59, by the Rochester Pres, of the same church; was pastor at Syracuse, N. Y., Ap., 1859- Sept., ’66; was missionary among the Freedmen in Natchez, Miss., 1865-’6, Washington, D. C., i866-’7o; pastor at Parnassus, Westmoreland Co., Pa., and Manchester City, 1871-2; joined the United Presbyterian Church in Jan., 1873, and was pastor of the Central Ch., Allegheny, Jan., 1873- June 16, ’74; of Fifth Ch., Pittsburgh, Nov. 19, 1874-Oct., ’78; of Morning Sun, O., Ap. i, 1879, until his death, July 3, 1881. JOHNSTON, J. William: Was born Aug. 23, 1849, Millersburg, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in May, 1877, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 16, 1878, by Des Moines; pastor of Uenox and Platte Valley, la., Nov. ii, 1878-Ap. 28, ’83; Platte Valley and Lenox, Dec. 22, ’85- JOHNSTON, Joseph (A. R.)*: Was a minister of the Presbyterian Ch. and S. S. of the congregations of Bear Creek, Unity and Lawrenceburg, in Butler Co., Pa., when he united with the Lake Pres, in May, 1834. His congregations came into the Asso. Ref. Ch. with him, and his relations towards them as S. S. continued. In the summer of 1835 he visited his friends in Europe, and never returned. JOHNSTON, Moses R. (Colored)*: Step-son of Titus Basfield; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and licensed by Monmouth Pres.; took charge of the Mission at Nashville, Tenn., under the Freedmen’s Board in the summer of ’69, and as a licentiate supplied the congrega¬ tion; was ordained Nov. 3, ’69, by the Pres, of Tennessee. He continued in his relation to the Mission until ’72, when he left it and joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died Ap. 30^ 1877, at Baton Rouge, La. 400 THE MINISTRY. JOHNSTON, William (A. R.)*: Came in 1817 as a licentiate from Ireland; first joined the Presbyterian Pres, of Albany, and then the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Saratoga, Jan. 4, 1818, by which he was ordained Feb. 19, ’18; labored a short time among the churches, and then passed to some other denomination. JOHNSTON, William, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Mar. 18, 1831, in Belmont Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Madison College, O., in 1849, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Nov. 15, 1854, by Second Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Ap. 23, ’56, by the same; pastor of Wash¬ ington and New Salem, O., Ap., 1856-Ap., ’66; of Monroe, la., Ap., 1867-N0V., ’70; Spring Hill, Ind., May, 1871-Dec., ’76; College Springs, la., since July ii, 1877; Moderator of the Gen. Ass. of 1885. JOHNSTON, William F. : Was born Aug. 19, 1856, at Andrew, la.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug 26, 1884, by Le Claire Pres., and ordained Oct. 27, ’85, by the same; pastor of Clarence and Stanwood, la., since ordination. JOHNSTONE, William O., D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Ap. 17, 1822, at Coote Hill, Ireland; was gradu¬ ated at Belfast College and Seminary; was licensed in July, 1844, by Banbridge Presbytery, and ordained Dec. 25, ’45, by the Pres, of Northumberland, in England; was pastor of Blythe, Northumberland, i845-’5i; came to the U. S. in 1851, joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was pastor in Kensing¬ ton, Philadelphia, from 1851 till his death. In Nov., 1852, passed to the Presbyterian Ch. and took the congregation with him. Died Jan. 16, 1883. JONES, Dargo Bliss (A. R.)*: Was born [in 1806 in Massachsetts; was graduated at the Western University in 1838, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1842, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 30, ’43, by Big Spring; was pastor of Lower Chanceford and Hopewell, York Co., Pa., 1843-Ap. 30, ’47; of Harrisville and Caledonia, Ritchie Co., W. Va., THE MINISTRY. 401 Oct. 6, 1849-’55; Concord, Franklin Co., Pa., 1856- Ap., ’60; retired to Monmouth, Ill., where he died Mar. 27, 1868. JUNKIN, Anthony Cannon (A. R.): Was born Jan. 28, 1829, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1852, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 7, 1854, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ May 6, ’56, by Boston; labored as an evangelist principally in Lowell, Mass., and New York city. Joined the Presbyte¬ rian Ch. in June, 1859, filled several pastorates, and is now at Downs, Kan. JUNKIN, George, D. D., LL. D. (A. R.)*: Was born near New Kingston, Cumberland Co., Pa., Nov. I, 1790; was graduated at Jefferson in 1813, and studied the¬ ology in the Seminary in New York; was licensed by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Monongahela Sept, ii, 1816, and was or¬ dained at Gettysburg, sine titulo^ by the Pres, of Philadel¬ phia June 29, ’18; was pastor of Milton and Pennel, North¬ umberland Co., Pa., 1819-1830; joined the Presbyterian Ch. at the union of 1822; was Principal of the Pennsylvania Labor Academy, Germantown, 1830-’32; President of Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., 1832-’41, and 1844-’48; President of Miami University, Oxford, O., 1841-^44, President of Wash¬ ington College, Lexington, Va., i848-’6i; died in Philadel¬ phia May 20, 1868. Publications: The Vindication, or his¬ tory of the trial of Albert Barnes; A Treatise on Justification; Lectures on the Prophecies; The Great Apostacy; Political Fallacies; A Treatise on Sanctification; The Tabernacle, or the Gospel according to Moses. He edited the Religious Farmer 1828-9, and The Educator in 1838, and published some Sermons and Addresses. KANE, William Patterson: Was born Ap. 13, 1847, Scroggsfield, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Sept. 13, 1872, by Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 28, ’73, by Argyle; pastor of Argyle, Washing¬ ton Co., N. Y., from ordination till May 6, 1884. Joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Lafayette, Ind. 402 THE MINISTRY. KATZ, Oliver: Was born Dec. 17, 1827, Plum township, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 15, 1855, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Dec. 31, ’61, by the same; pastor of Salts- burg and New Alexandria, Indiana Co., Pa., from ordination till Dec. 21, 1886. KEELING, W. B. (A. R.): Pastor in Wenona, Marshall Co, Ill., 1865-7. KELSO, James (A. R.): Was born May 28, 1824, uear Noblestown, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1846, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed June 27, 1849, Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained May 25, ’52, by Blairsville; installed pastor of Bethel and Unity, Allegheny Co., at ordination; was released from the former in Ap., ’65, and from the latter Jan. I, ’72; pastor of McKeesport, Allegheny Co., June 19, 1877- Dec. ’15, 85. KENDALL, Clark (A. R.): Was born near Xenia, O., and was graduated at Miami University in 1845, studied theology at Oxford; was li¬ censed in Ap. 1848, by Springfield Pres., and ordained June 20, ’50, by the Lake; was pastor in Buffalo, N. Y., June 1850- Ap. 23, ’72; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and after a short pastorate in Western New York retired to Xenia, O. KENDALL, John (A.)*: Brother of Dr. T. S.; was born in Greene Co., O.; was-edu- cated at Jefferson and studied theology with Dr. Anderson; declined licensure in 1815, and became editor of a secular newspaper in Xenia, O. After an editorial career of ten or twelve years he changed his mind and took licensure Aug. 28, 1827, from the Pres, of Chartiers, and was ordained Aug. 20, ’28, by Philadelphia. He was soon afterward attacked by catalepsy, which disqualified him for ministerial labor. After living for some years in a secluded state, he died. KENDALL, Thomas Simpson, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Ap. 14, 1809, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1830, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was THE MINISTRY. 403 licensed June 26, 1834, by Miami Pres., and ordained Dec. 26, ’34, by the same; was pastor in Blount Co., Tenn., May, 1836-42. In May, 1831, tlie Asso. Synod passed its final act upon the subject of slavery, in which it excluded from its communion all slaveholders. This produced considerable dissatisfaction throughout the church, and particularly in the South. A letter explanatory, and yet enforcing the act, was addressed by the Synod of 1840 to the people under the care of the Pres, of the Carolinas. Mr. Kendall was about the only min¬ ister who was willing to undertake the publication of that letter in the congregations of the South, and he was by no means anxious to do so, but as his motto was to go wherever duty called, he consented. In the summer of 1840 he visited the congregations in South Carolina, and although excluded frequently from their pulpits, he read and explained the letter wherever he could get the people assembled. The result was not conciliation but excitement, which finally culminated in a riot at Smyrna, S. C., when ‘‘certain lewd fellows of the baser sort ” gave him a coat of tar and feathers and dismissed him from the State. This purged the Asso. Ch. of the sin of slaveholding, and at the same time entirely extinguished the Pres, of the Carolinas. After leaving Tennessee he preached for some time in Ran¬ dolph and Warren counties, in Ill., and then received a call from West Point, la. While here, and before his installation, he consented to join a small party of Seceders from Illinois, who had arranged to emigrate overland to the Territory of Oregon. They started in Ap., 1845, suffered great hard¬ ships on the journey from scarcity of provisions and means of transportation. He finally separated from the party and procured ponies from the Indians to carry his goods and two little motherless daughters, and, he on foot, they crossed the mountains to Oregon. One time they were on the very brink of starvation when Mr. Kendall, in wading a mountain stream, providentially stumbled over a fine large salmon, which he succeeded in kicking on land. He arrived at Ore¬ gon City Nov. the nth, took up a claim, built a cabin, and labored at splitting rails for his neighbors to procure the 404 THE MINISTRY. means of living. Yet every Sabbath, clothed in buckskin garments of his own make, he preached the gospel wherever he could assemble a few hearers. In 1848 he moved up to Linn county, and just then the gold fever broke out in California, and being in abject poverty he started for the Sacramento and washed for gold all winter. He was successful in his labors, but he loaned out his gains, and when spring came and he wished to return home he could only get a herd of cattle in return, and to convert them into money he was compelled to spend the summer and autumn in butchering. After fifteen months’ absence he re¬ turned to Oregon with some nine thousand dollars, which secured ample comforts for his family ever afterward. He immediately resumed work in the church, and in July, 1850, he organized the congregation of Willamette, and in 1854 the congregation of Calipooia, near his home, and in 1856 the congregation of Harmony, ten miles distant. To these last two he ministered during the remainder of his life. Although tall in stature, erect in form, and possessing an unusually vigorous constitution, his labors and hardships finally bore their appropriate fruit, and in 1868 his health be¬ gan to fail. In the spring of 1870 he came east to recruit and to attend the meeting of the General Assembly, to the Mod- eratorship of which he was unanimously chosen. Autumn found him worse instead of better, and he hastened home, where he arrived on Saturday, the 12th, of Nov. but the Sabbath found him too ill to preach, and he gradually sunk until the 5th of Dec., when he died. Had Dr. Kendall’s surroundings been more favorable, and his opportunities for study better, he would have been one of the most remarkable men of the church. As it was, he had but few superiors as a preacher. His mind was strong and quick, so that in argument and doctrinal discussion he was very apt, and he often debated in public and was never worsted. He was brilliant as well as strong; eloquent in the best sense of the word. His imagination was excellent and his power of description wonderful, and his audience moved to tears was no unusual sight. V THE MINISTRY. 405 KENNEDY, David Stewart, D. D. : Was born Ap. 25, 1834, at Youngstown, O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 4, 1861, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’62, by Chartiers; was pastor of Centre, Washington Co., Pa., Sept., 1862-Oct. 16, ’72; of Sewickly, Allegheny Co., Dec. 10, 1872-June II, ’78; and of Somonauk, Ill., since Sept. 5, 1878. KgNNEDY, James (A.) * Was born in 1768 in Ireland, and educated in Scotland; came to the U. S., in 1796 as a licentiate from one of the Asso. Presbyteries of Ireland, and followed Messrs. Arm¬ strong and Fulton to Kentucky in 1798; spent several years in missionary work in Knox, Washington, Cocke and Blount counties, Tenn., and in 1807 was ordained by the Pres., of Kentucky; was pastor of Salem, Tenn., and connections 1807-Ap. 24, ’26; died in 1827. KENNEDY, James Armstrong: Was born Jan. 27, 1848, at Harrison, Louisa Co., la.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 14, 1876, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Sept. 5, ’78, by Indiana; pastor of Madison, Ind., Sept, 5, 1878-Ap. 18, ’83; 2d Ch., New Wilmington, Pa., Feb. 4, 1884- Two years County Superintendent of Schools. Publication: A Manual and Course of Study for Common Schools. KENNEDY, Joseph Gilfillen: Was born Sept. 24, 1852, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1880, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed June 29, 1882, by Le Claire Pres., and ordained June 24, ’84, by Steubenville; pastor of Wellsville, O., since ordination. KENNEDY, Thomas J., D. D.: Was born Feb. i, 1832, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Xenia; was li¬ censed June 15, 1858, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. ’ 59 ) t)y Lake; pastor of Jamestown and Kinsman, Mercer Co., Sept, 1859-66; Fredericksburg, O., June 1866-Nov., ’69; Steubenville, O., Jan. 13, 1870-Ap. 9, ’73; of Des Moines, la.. 4 o6 THE MINISTRY. June 9, 1878-Ap. II, ’83; Principal of Hookstown Academy 1853-5; Beaver Seminary 1875-7; President of Amity College since 1883- KERR, David Reynolds, D. D., EL. D. (A. R.): Son of Rev. Dr. Joseph; was born Mar. 31, 1817, in Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1837, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1840, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Jan. 21, ’42, by the same; accepted a call from the First Asso. Ref. Ch. of Pittsburgh Ap. 16, ’44, but declined installation for a time because of feeble health, and returned the call June 24, ’45. Has been Prof, of Ecclesiastical History and Church Government in the Theo. Sem. at Allegheny since 1851; has been chief editor of the United Presbyterian since 1845; and editor and publisher of the United Presbyterian Review i860-’I; was Moderator of the Gen. Ass. of 1866, and delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Conncils of 1877 and 1880. KERR, George: Was born Dec. 22, 1856, in Grafton, Mass.; was graduated in 1881 at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland,-and studied theology in the United Presbyterian Hall in Edinburgh; was licensed in 1885 by the United Presbyterian Pres, of Edin¬ burgh, and ordained Ap. 14, ’86, by Boston; S. S. Chicopee, Mass., Ap., 1886, and pastor from Ap. 12, ’87. KERR, James Erwin: Was born Ap. 10, 1840, in Homes Co., O.; was educated at Maumee city, O., and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1881, by Sidney Pres., and ordained Feb. 28, ’82, by the same; pastor of Canonsburg and Buckland, Hancock Co., O., Feb. 1882-June 24, ’84; Silver Creek, Hardin Co., O., Oct. 5, 1885- KERR, John Finley (A. R.)*: Was born in 1813 in Brown Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny and Ox¬ ford; was licensed Ap. 22, 1841, by Chillicothe Pres, and or¬ dained in ’43 by Indiana; was pastor at Oswego, Kosciusko Co., Ind., from his ordination until his death, which occurred Oct. 21, 1851. THE MINISTRY. 407 KERR, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Son of a Burgher minister of the same name; was born in 1778 in county Derr>^, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University in 1798, and studied theology for a time with the Rev. Dr. Rogers, of Ballybay, a Burgher minister. In 1801 he came to the U. S. and tarried for a season near Newville, Pa., and studied theology under the direction of the First Asso. Ref Pres., of Pennsylvania. In 1802 he removed to Western Pennsylvania, and was licensed Ap. 27, 1803, by the Pres, of Monongahela, and ordained Ap. 25, ’04, by the same; was installed Oct. 17, ’04, as pastor of Mifflin and St. Clair, near Pittsburgh; was released Nov. 18, ’18, from Mifflin, and June 22, ’25, from St. Clair; was pastor of the Asso. Ref Ch., in Pittsburgh from Oct, 1825, ui^til his death, which took place Nov. 15, 1829, from bilious colic. In 1825 the Synod of the west founded a Theological Seminary at Pitts¬ burgh, (since transferred to Allegheny,) and Dr. Kerr was its first Professor. His annual salary as Professor was $200, all of which he gave for the first two years to found a Young Men’s Fund, to assist needy young men in their studies for the ministry, and for the other two years he gave $150 yearly to the same object, and the remainder of his salary for the creation of a Eibrary Fund. KERR, Joseph Reynoeds (A. R.)*: Oldest son of the Rev. Dr. Joseph; was born in St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa., Jan. 18, 1807; was graduated at the Western University in 1826, and studied theology in the Sem., under his father; was licensed Sept. 2, 1829, by Monon¬ gahela Pres., and ordained July 28, ’30, by the same; was pastor of the First Ch. in Pittsburgh from his ordination until his death, which resulted from consumption June 14, 1843. He was one of the most finished pulpit orators that his church ever produced. Publications: The Responsibili¬ ties of Literary Men, an address before the Alumni of the Western University, 1836; A Sermon on Dueling, 1838, sug¬ gested by the Graves and Cilley duel. KERR, Joseph Reynolds Jr., D. D. : Son of the Rev. Joseph R.; was born after his father’s death in the autumn of 1843; was graduated at Franklin in 1861, 4o8 THE MINISTRY. and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1863, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. ii, ’64, by Allegheny; was pastor of Third Ch., Allegheny, Ap. 1864- Mar. 18, ’72; North Ch., Philadelphia, Ap. 29, 1872-Nov. 30, ’75; passed to the Presbyterian Church, and has since been pastor of the Fourth Ch., New York city. KERR, Joseph W. : Was born Feb. 12, 1848, in Holmes Co., O.; was educated at the National Normal School, Eebanon, O., and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 2, 1878, by Sidney Pres., and ordained June 10, ’79, by the same; pastor of Northwood June, 1879, time, and Rushsylvania, O., ^ time Ap. 22, i88o-’85; Piqua, O., June 7, 1885. KERR, Moses (A. R.)*: Brother of the Rev. Dr. Joseph; was born, educated and ordained in Ireland, and held a pastoral charge there for a short time in the Burgher Pres, of Antrim; came to the U. S. in the autumn of 1818, and united with the Monongahela Pres.; was pastor of Union, near Pittsburgh, May 5, 1819- Nov., ’27; of Rocky Spring and New Brighton, Sept. 5, 1828, until his death, Oct. ii, 1830. KERR, Moses (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. Dr. Joseph; was born at Mt. Eebanon, Al¬ legheny Co., Pa., June 30, 1811; was graduated ot the West¬ ern University in 1828, and studied theology in the Sem. under his father and his temporary successor, the Rev. Mungo Dick; was licensed Ap. 27, 1831, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Oct. 9, ’32; Ap. 22, 1832, he accepted a call from the First Asso. Ref. Ch., Allegheny, just organized, and commenced his labors there, but before the time set for his installation had come he was suffering from a severe hem¬ orrhage of the lungs, and returned the call. The Pres., how¬ ever proceeded with his ordination and released him from the call. He went to Europe for a year, and upon his return felt warranted to take a pastoral charge, and was installed at Rob¬ inson Run, Allegheny Co., in Oct., 1834, but his old trouble soon returned, and he was released Ap. 14, ’35; was pastor of the Third Asso. Ref. Ch., Pittsburgh, Oct., 1837-Nov. 19, THE MINISTRY. 409 ’39. He died from consumption Jan. 26, 1840. For a year he was Prof, of Fangnages in the Western University, and Prof of Biblical Fiterature and Criticism in the Seminary during the winter of 1835. He possessed eminent qualifica¬ tions for the ministry, and when health allowed he often ex¬ hibited pulpit power of the very highest order. After his death several of his sermons were published, one is in the third volume of the Asso. Ref Pulpit. KKRR,.. Robert (A. R.)*: Was received Oct. 10, 1797, by the Pres, of New York from the Asso. Pres, of Monoghan; was called to the church in Newburgh, N. Y., in the summer of 1798, although not form¬ ally installed until Ap. 6, ’99; resigned Jan. 14, ’02. On the 28th of May, 1803, he was deposed from the ministry for a breach of the seventh commandment committed about the time of his ordination in Ireland. On the 29th of June, 1803, he was restored to the communion of the church, and on the 17th of May, 1804, was unanimously restored to the ministry upon the ground that since his deposition his deportment has been “blameless and exemplary, becoming his situation and his former profession of penitence.” The General Synod sent him to the Synod of the Carolinas, and he died on the 6th of June, 1805, in Savannah, Georgia. KERR, Samuel, D. D. (A.): Was born in 1826 near Ramelton, county Donegal, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1848, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 9, 1851, by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Sept. 8, ’52, by Shenango; pastor of Harmony congregation, Butler Co., Pa., since Jan. i, 1853. Publica¬ tion: History of Harmony Congregation, a Sermon, preached October 24, 1876. KETCHEN, Thomas (A.)*: Was born, educated and licensed in Scotland; came to this country in 1820, and was ordained in Dec. 20, by the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia; pastor of Shiloh and Nelly’s Creek, S.. C., 1821-’32. In 1832 he declined the authority of the Asso. Synod because of its recent act upon slavery, and united with the Asso. Ref Synod of the South. He was never after- 26 410 THE MINISTRY. wards in the pastorate, but preached as opportunity afforded, and taught school at Winsborough and elsewhere; he died Sept. 26, 1855. KIDD, John (A. R.): Was received in Ap., 1855, by the Presbytery of Michigan from the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland, and some time during the following year he passed to the Presbyterian Ch. of Canada. KIDD, Robert Wilson: Was born July 6, 1848, at McCoysville, Juniata Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 29, 1875, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained Oct. 12, ’76, by First New York; pastor Seventh Avenue, New York, since ordination. KIER, Samuel M. : Was born Feb. 14, 1825, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1851, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed June 9, 1857, Miami Pres., and ordained Feb. 21, ’61, by Ue Claire; was pastor of Vinton and Tran¬ quillity, la., i86i-’4; Barclay, la., 1864-5; supplied two years in Buchanan Co., la., and officiated as postmaster in Chatham. In 1867 he joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is en¬ gaged in missionary work in Iowa. KIMBAIvD, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1820 in Newburgh, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1839, and studied theology at Newburgh; was li¬ censed in the spring of 1842 by New York Pres., and ordained May 31, ’44, by the same; pastor of Hamptonburg, Orange Co., N. Y., May, 1844-May, ’53; at Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., June 6, 1853-Sept, i, ’56; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and was pastor at Brockport, N. Y.; joined the Dutch Ch. and was a short time at Fishkill Landing, N. Y., and then pastor of the First Dutch Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., from 1865 until his death. On the 24th of May, 1874, while preaching an historical sermon in his own pulpit, he was taken with a fainting fit, from the effects of which he never recovered; was taken to Newburgh, where he died on the 6th of the following Dec. THE MINISTRY. 411 KING, Adam G. : Was born June 22, 1839, on the Atlantic ocean, and reared in Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 4, 1866, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 18, ’68, by Delaware; pastor of West Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., since ordination. KIRKLAND, Hugh (A.)*: Was born in Ireland, educated in Scotland, and licensed by the Asso. Pres, of Market Hill, Ireland. He first emigrated to Canada, where he was ordained by a Presbytery designated “ The Presbytery of the Canadas;” afterward he came to the U. S., and on the 6th of Aug., 1819, joined the Pres, of Char- tiers; he was pastor of Turtle Creek and Bethel, Allegheny Co., and Freeport, Sept. 6, 1820-’34. In 1834 a difficulty arose between him and his Presbytery, which resulted in his declining the authority of the Associate Ch. He never con¬ nected himself with any other denomination during the re¬ maining twenty-five or thirty years of his life. He was drowned in the Ohio river by falling from a steamboat be¬ tween Pittsburgh and Cincinnati. KIRKPATRICK, Adrian Frazier: Was born Oct. 12, 1855, near Decatur, Brown Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Newburgh and Xenia; was licensed Ap. i, 1879, by Chilli- cothe Pres., and ordained Jan. 18, 1881, by Mansfield; pastor of Millersburg, O., from ordination till Nov. 26, ’82; Milton, Canada, Ap. 9, 1884- KIRKPATRICK, John: Was born in Ireland, educated at Belfast and ordained by the Pres, of Ballybay May 28, 1868; was pastor of the West 25th St. Ch., New York, Jan. 27, 1875-Jan. 27, ’80; he is now pastor in Toronto, Canada. KIRKPATRICK, Newton Reed (A. R.): Was born July 24, 1823, Cherry Fork, Adams Co., O.; was educated at Miami University, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed June 9, 1852, by Chillicothe Pres., and ordained June 22, ’54, by Indiana; pastor of Bethel and Cale¬ donia, Ind., June, 1854-June 13, ’56; taught the N. Liberty 412 THE MINISTRY. . Academy 1857-’8; because of the failure of health he farmed in Ross Co., O., 1859-’66, preaching only occasionally; S. S. and pastor at White Oak Grove, Ill., i866-’7i; missionary at Cassville, W. Va., and Warfield, Ky., for a time; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1885. Publications: A Sermon, in Vol. V, Associate Reformed Pulpit. KNOX, Thomas M. : Was born Ap. 29, 1856, in Wayne Co., O.; was graduated at Wooster in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1884, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Ap. 20, ’86, by the same; pastor of De Kalb, O., since ordination. KNOX, William Hugh: Was born in 1842 in county Antrim, Ireland; was gradu¬ ated at the Western University in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 25, 1872, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 21, ’73, by the same; pastor of Wylie Avenue Ch., Pittsburgh, since ordination. KYLE, Joseph: Was born Nov. 20, 1849, Cedarville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 25, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 24, ’77, by the same; pastor of Springfield, O., since ordina¬ tion. KYLE, Joshua R. : Was born at Cedarville, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1859, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Mar., 1862, by Xenia Pres., and ordained, sine titnlo^ Oct. 12, ’64, by St. Louis; pastor of Fall River, Mass., June 27, 1867- Sept. 7, ’75; Second Ch., Pittsburgh, Nov. 12, 1876-Sept. 30, ’79; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., Dec., 1880, and is at Port Jackson, N. Y. KYLE, Melvin Grove: Was born May 7, 1858, in Harrison Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1881, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1885, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained May 10, ’86, by Philadelphia; pastor of 7th Ch., Philadelphia, since ordination. .THE MINISTRY. 413 KYLE, Samuel John: Was born Sept. 27, 1850, at Cedarville, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 23, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 17, ’77, by Chartiers; pastor of N. Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa., Ap. 17, 1877-Ap. 5, ’87; of Cambridge, N. Y., since May, 1887. LACKEY, John: Was born Oct. 18, 1825, Crawford Co., Pa.; was edu¬ cated at Westminster, and studied theology at Xenia; was li¬ censed Sept. 6, 1864, by Mercer Pres.; was in the Freedmen’s Mission 1863-’6; was ordained Nov. 14, ’66, by Wisconsin; pastor of Vernon, Wis., Nov., 1866-spring of ’70; Pleasant Valley, Washington Co., la., Jan. 3, 1871, adding Wesmin- ster the following year; released Sept. 5, 1876; West Chester, same county, Ap. 4, 1877-Aug. 28, ’82; resides at Washing¬ ton, la. LACKEY, Ralph Erskine: ^ Son of the Rev. John; was born May 14, 1854, in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1881, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained May 3, ’81, by the same; pastor 127th Street, New York, Dec. 19, 1881-Dec. 21, ’83; Glade Run, Allegheny Co., Pa., 1884- LAFFERTY, Linus Nelson: Was born Mar. 6, 1847, Pain’s Corners, Trumbull Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theol¬ ogy at Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1876, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept 18, ’77, by Monmouth; pastor of Kirkwood, Ill., till Ap. 3, ’84; S. S. Creston, la., 1884, and pastor Aug. 31, ’86-. Publication: Exclusive Use of the Bible Hymn-Book, a Sermon, 1880. LAING, James (A. R.)*: Was born in 1788 in Perthshire, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University in 1815; continued the study of theol- ogy, with interruptions, i8i6-’25; was licensed in 1825 the Relief Pres, of Glasgow; came to the U. S. in 1830; joined the Dutch Ch., and was ordained by the Classis of 414 THE MINISTRY. Washington in ’32, pastor of the Dutch congregation of Ar- gyle, N. Y., 1832-’3; joined the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York in 1833, and was pastor of Andes and Cabin Hill, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., from 1834 until his death, Nov. 18, 1858, from congestion of the lungs. IvAINR o bert (A. )*: Was born in 1750 in Scotland, and was educated there, and ordained in Aug., 1785, and pastor of an Asso. congregation in Dunse 1785-’93; came to the U. S. in 1795, and joined the Asso. Ch.; was pastor at Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa., 1797- 1805; accepted a call to S. Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., in May, 1804, assumed charge in 1805; was pastor Mar. 26, 1806-Sept. 2, ’ii; pastor at Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., 1814-June, ’23; died at Bovina May 29, 1839. LANSING, Gulian, D. D. (A. R.): Was bom Feb. i, 1825, Lishaskill, Albany Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1848, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 22, 1850, by the Pres., of New York, and, having been appointed missionary to Syria by the Synod of New York, was ordained Aug. 7, ’50, by New York and sailed on the 12th of the following Dec.; was missionary in Damascus, Syria, 1851-’7, and has been in Eg}'pt since 1857, where his labors have been abundant and wonderfully blessed, although his health has often been very imperfect. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1877. Publications: Egypt’s Princes, i2mo., pp. 425, 1864, and many elaborate letters to papers and magazines. LANSING, John V. S. (A. R.)*: Was graduated at Hamilton College in 1821; studied the¬ ology at Princeton, and was licensed in 1824 t>y the Classis of Dutch Seceders, and ordained in ’24 by the same; pastor of Wynantskill and Poestenkill, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., 1824-’6; of Tappan and Clarkstown i826-’7; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres., of New York, and was pastor at Bloomingburg, Sulli¬ van Co., N. Y., 1829-32: died in 1832 from consumption. LAUGHEAD, Isaac Newton (A.): Was born Nov. 12, 1810, at Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1833, and studied theology^ THE MINISTRY. 415 at Canonsburg; was licensed July 10, 1838, by Miami Pres., and ordained Nov. 14, ’39, by Indiana; pastor of Blooming¬ ton, Monroe Co., Ind., 1839-’43; Darby and Sugar Run, Union Co., O.: June, 1843-June ’64; moved to la., and sup¬ plied for six or eight years in the vicinity of Washington, and is now retired as infirm. LAUGHRIDGE, Wittiam (A. R.)*: Was born in Richland Co., O., about 1810; was graduated at Oberlin in 1835, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1838, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained in April, ’39, by the same; was installed at ordination over Worthington, Pine Run and Martinsburg, O., and died Feb. 10, 1840, of quinsy. LAURIE, James D. D., (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. ii, 1778, in Edinburgh, Scotland, and re¬ ceived his entire education, literary and theological, in the University of his native city, was licensed by the Asso. Bur¬ gher Presbytery of Edinburgh in 1800. Having been ap¬ pointed by the Burgher Synod to come to this country with Dr. J. M. Mason he was ordained by his Presbytery and sailed in Aug., 1802. In March, 1803, he visited the city of Wash¬ ington, to which the seat of government had been removed two years before, with the design of gathering an Asso. Ref. congregation, and where Joseph Nourse and a few others favorable to such an enterprise resided. The city at that time existed only on paper and in the landmarks of the sur¬ veyor; so on his way he asked the stage-driver how far it was to the city, and received the answer: “Sir, we have been driving through it for the last two miles.” A congregation was immediately formed, and in June he was installed as its pastor. They worshipped for four yearg in the old Treasury building, which was burnt in 1814 by the British, during which time he exerted himself to raise means for building a church edifice. For this purpose he visited the principal cities of the Union, from Boston to Savannah, and in 1807 a substantial, and for that day elegant, brick edifice was opened for divine service. It was the second place of Protestant worship erected in Washington, and in it for forty- 4i6 THK MINISTRY. six years he continued to preach the riches of the gospel of Christ with great fullness and very considerable power. As the congregation was feeble it was necessary to supplement his income from some secular pursuit, so he accepted a clerk¬ ship in the office of the Register of the Treasury, and held it and preformed its duties with great punctuality and exactness to the day of his death. In 1822 he was Moderator of the General S)mod and voted for the union, and with his Presby¬ tery—the Presbytery of Philadelphia—went into the Presby¬ terian Church. His congregation went with him. “ His discourses might generally be termed massive; com¬ pactly arranged; rich in thought; copious in argument and illustration, and almost invariably exhausting his theme.” Once he took a manuscript into the pulpit, after a severe ill¬ ness, and apologized for it to the congregation, stating that as they were aware of his infirm health they would excuse him for appearing before them on crutches. For the last eight years of his life he had assistant pastors, the last of which was the late Rev. David X. Junkin. He died Ap. 18, 1853, from pleuro-pneumonia. LAW, Isaac (A.)*: Brother of James; was born Sept. 3, 1815, in Salem, N. Y., was graduated at Union in 1836, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 26, 1840, by the Pres, of Cam¬ bridge, and was ordained, sine titulo^ by the same Jan. 27. ’42; was S. S. at Hinchinbrook and Hemmingsford, in Lower Can¬ ada, 1843-’7; pastor of Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., 1847-’61. died, greatly beloved, Jan. 28, 1861. LAW, James (A.)*: Was born in 1810 in Salem, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1834, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 17, 1838, by the Pres, of Cambridge, and ordained May 13, ’40, by Richland; was pastor of Killbuck, Red Haw and Clear Creek, in Richland and Wayne counties, O., i84o-’43; of Big Spring and Pistol Creek, in Blount Co., Tenn., 1846- ’52; and died July 26, 1872, in Philadelphia. LAWRENCE, James Alvin: Was born June 29, i860, at Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1880, and studied theol- THE MINISTRY. 417 ogy at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1883, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 2, ’84, by Westmoreland; pastor of Madison and Sewickley, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Sept. 2, 1884-Sept. 5, ’86; Mt. Gilead and Coraopolis, Allegheny Co., Pa., Nov. 2, 1886- LAWRENCE, Thomas, D. D. : Was born June 5, 1832, at Crossford, Lanarkshire, Scot¬ land, but reared in Allegheny City, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1858, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 26, i860, by Alle¬ gheny Pres., and.ordained Sept. 8, ’62, by Argyle; was pas¬ tor of Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept, 1862-June 18, ’67; spent two years in Germany in the Universities of Bonn and Leipsic; transferred his connection in Sept., 1869, to the Presbyterian Ch., and is now a Prof, in Biddle University, established at Charlotte, N. C., for the Freedmen. LAWTHER, WittiAM Coventry: Was born Nov. 9, 1853, Kittanning, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1879, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 13, 1882, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained July 15, ’84, by Cleveland; pastor of Northfield, Summit Co., O., since ordination. LEE, Hans W. (A.)*: Was born Oct. 29, 1825, near Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1849, Muskingum Pres., and ordained in the summer of ’50 by Allegheny; pastor of the First Ch., Pittsburgh, 1850-spring of 1855, and while on a visit to the West, on account of ill health, was taken with typhoid fever, and died Oct. 12, 1855, at Crawfordsville, la. “Winning as a man, attractive as a preacher, sympathizing as a pastor, and confiding as a friend. ’ ’ LEE, James Bascown, D. D. (A.): Brother of Hans W.; was born June ii, 1833, at Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 2, 1854, by the Pres, of Musk¬ ingum, and ordained Sept. 7, ’56, by Albany, and was in¬ stalled in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., where he is still in 4i8 THE MINISTRY. charge. He is Trustee in Hamilton College, N. Y., and President of the Delaware Co. Temperance Society. Publi¬ cation: How to Make a Will, 8vo., pp. 130, published by the American Tract Society. LEIPER, Hugh Y. : Brother of Joseph H.; was born May 12, 1838, at Hooks- town, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1863, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1866, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained July i, ’67, by First Ohio; pastor of Sycamore and Hopkinsville, Warren Co., O., July, 1867-July, ’69; of Yellow Creek and Grant’s Hill, Jefferson Co., O., since Jan. i, 1870. LEIPER, Joseph Harper: Was born Feb. 5, 1837, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at the Hookstown Collegiate Institute, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 30, 1867, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 30, ’68, by Steubenville; was installed June 30, 1868, pastor of Calcutta, Columbiana Co., O., and West Beaver; resigned the latter and assumed Sloan Station, Jan. I, ’74, and resigned it Dec. 31, ’75, and gave whole time to Calcutta until in 1881; pastor of Jonathan’s Creek, O., June 13, 1882-Aug. 27, ’84; connected with the Christian States¬ man in Philadelphia, Pa. LEWIS, Auexander (A. R.)*: Was received by the Pres, of Washington from a church in Nova Scotia; supplied the church in Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., from Sept., 1835, till Aug. 26, ’37, when he passed to one of the Canada churches. LILLIE, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in Kelso, Scotland, about 1805; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh; studied theology with Drs. Law- son and Dick; was ordained in ’29 over a United Secession Ch. in Montrose; came to the U. S. in 1835; was pastor of Franklin St., New York city, summer of 1835-Feb., ’36; of Salem, N. Y., Feb. 12, 1836-June 26, ’37; passed to the Dutch Ch., and was pastor at Rhinebeck for two or three years, and at Clove, Ulster Co., N. Y., 1844-’5; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Carlisle, Pa., for two THE MINISTRY. 419 or three years, and about the same length of time in New Jersey. He next joined the Baptist Ch., and became a Prof, in a college in Wisconsin, and afterward of a theological sem¬ inary in Upper Canada. He then went to London, England, studied medicine and entered upon its practice. He died in 1875 while making a visit to some friends in Kansas. “A man of noble presence, a grand preacher and a scholar of ripe and varied culture,” but too restless to be successful. LIND, John (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. Matthew; was born Mar. 14, 1784, in Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated with the first honors by Dickinson in 1802; studied theology two years with his brother-in-law. Dr. Hemphill, of S. C., and Alex. Dobbin and John Young, and two years in the Sem. in New York, being one of its first eight students; was licensed Aug. 4, 1807, by the Pres, of Big Spring, and ordained Oct. 4, ’08 by the same; was installed as pastor of Greencastle, Hagerstown, West Conecocheague and the Great Cove at his ordination; resigned the latter two in ’17, and died in Hagers¬ town, Md., Sept. 20, 1824. He was offered the Professorship of Theology as Dr. Mason’s successor, he was offered the Presidency of Dickinson College, and called to the Murray St. Ch. in New York, but declined them all, preferring to remain where he was born among his people who had been his father’s people. J^IND, Matthew (A. R.)*: Was born in 1732 at Cairn Castle, in county Antrim, Ire¬ land; was educated at Glasgow, in Scotland, and ordained by the Ref Presbyterian Pres, of Scotland in 1760; was pastor of the Covenanter congregation at Aghadowey, county of Londonderry, Ireland, 1760-’73; came to America in 1773, and in connection with Alex. Dobbin and John Cuthbertson organized the Ref Presbyterian Pres, of America on the loth of Mar., 1774, at Paxtang, Dauphin Co., Pa., and went into the union which formed the Asso. Ref Ch. in 1782; was pas¬ tor of Paxtang and of Stony Ridge, in Cumberland Co., 1774-83; of Greencastle, Chambersburg, W. Conecocheague and the Great Cove 1783-’98, and died Ap. 21, 1800, from injuries occasioned from being thrown from his horse. 420 THE MINISTRY. LIND, William (A. R.)*: Was born in Scotland in 1799, and educated and ordained under the auspices of the United Secession Ch., and studied theology with Dr. John Dick; came to the U. S. in 1840 and joined the Pres, of Indiana; was pastor of Shiloh, Ind., 1841- ’46; S. S. at Caledonia and Orangeville, Mich., 1847-64; died at Caledonia, Sept. 28, 1871. LINDSAY, David (A.)*: Was born Mar. 31, 1800, near Hilton, county Down, Ire¬ land, and came to the U. S. in 1808 and settled in Jefferson Co., O. His great-grandfather, together with five brothers, came from’’ Scotland into Ireland in the army of William of Orange and fought in the battle of Boyne in 1690. Mr. Lindsay was educated at Franklin and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Ap. 18, 1833, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 26, ’34, by the same; was installed over Jonathan’s Creek, Goshen and Truro in 1834, and resigned the last in ’37 and the others in ’41; was pastor of Bir¬ mingham, la.. Sept., ’42-Ap., ’54; while missionating in ’57 he was so injured by the upsetting of a stage coach as to put him upon crutches for the remainder of his life, still he per¬ formed some missionary work until ’67, when he retired to Garnett, Kan., and their died July 5, 1880, from dysenter}\ LINDSAY, Samuel I.: Was born May 19, 1853, Fairview, Guernsey Co., O.; was educated at Monmouth and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 25, 1782, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June II, ’83, by Des Moines; pastor of Fairview and North English, la., June, 1883-Oct. i., ’86; of Garner, la., since Nov. 16, 86- LINN, Ardman Ethmer: Was born Aug. 20, 1851, near Greenville, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1876, by the Lake Pres., and ordained Sept. 18, ’77, by Butler; pastor of Freeport, Pa., from ordination to Oct. 27, ’81; of 9th Pittsburgh since Jan. 10, ’82. LITTELL, David S. : Was born Nov. 24, 1836, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was gradu- THE MINISTRY. 421 ated at Westminster in 1857, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was liceased June 26, i860, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained July 18, ’61, sine titulo^ by the same; pastor of Pigeon Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Oct. 17, 1861-June 14 ’86; 2d Ch., Pittsburgh, 1886- LlTTELIv, Joseph Anderson: Was born Feb. 14, 1858, at Service, Pa.; was educated at Westminster and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 5, 1885, by ist O., Pres., and ordained Jan. 4, ’87, by Albany; pastor at Albany, N. Y., since ordination. LIVINGSTON, David: Was born June 22, 1847, Reynoldsburg, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 2, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Nov. 29, ’76, by Cedar Rapids; pastor of Traer, la., Nov. 29, 1876- Oct. 21, ’85; S. S. Grand Avenue, St. Louis 1885- LIVINGSTON, Samuel Austin: Was born June 7, 1861, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Washington and Jefierson in 1884, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed and ordained May 10, ’87, by ist O.; pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., O., since ordi¬ nation. LOGAN William^(A.)*: Was F^nJii 1743 in Scotland; was graduated at Edinburgh University in 1770, and studied theology with Prof. Mon- crieff at Alloa; was appointed by the Asso. Synod to go to America in spring of 1773, this he declined to do, and his Presbytery refused to license him. He changed his mind and agreed to comply with the Synod’s appointment, and was licensed Sept. 14, 1773, by the Pres., of Sterling, and im¬ mediately sailed from Glasgow in company with John Mur¬ ray; he was ordained in ’75 by the Pres., of Pennsylvania; pastor of Fermanagh and connections in Juniata Co., Pa., 1777-1805. He went into the union of 1782 and remained and died in the Asso. Ref. Church. In 1803 he became un¬ able to ride to his church because of a physical infirmity, although his general health remained resonably good. Under these circumstances the congregation assembled at his dwell- 422 THE MINISTRY. ing-house, which was large and roomy, and he there con¬ tinued his regular Sabbath services. On the 19th of May, 1805, he preached in the morning as usual, and according to his custom retired to his study to rest during the half hour of intermission before conducting the second service. A noise was heard in his room, and upon entering in his people found that he had fallen and was insensible, and in a few minutes died. IvOGUE, James Robert: Son of the Rev. James W., was born Ap. 7, 1856, in Northfield, O.; after spending four years at Oberlin, was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, taught three years, and then studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1882, by Cleveland Pres., and ordained Sept. 24, ’83, by Keokuk; pas¬ tor of 2d Ch., Washington, la., since ordination. ROGUE, James Washington, D. D. (A.): Was born July 17, 1812, in Lower Chanceford, York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Union in 1836, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 6, 1841, by Chartiers, and was ordained Oct. 4, ’43, by Ohio; was pastor of Northfield, and S. S. of Stowe, Summit Co., O., Oct., 1843-Sept, ii, ’83, and Cleveland Nov. 3, 1843-49. Publications: A Ser¬ mon on Slavery, 1861; a Sermon on Presbyterian Ch. Gov¬ ernment, 1870; Lectures on Confession of Faith, in Evangeli¬ cal Repository^ 1862-’71; a series of articles on Pre-millenna- rianism, 1879. LONG, Joseph W. : Was bornAp. 3, 1843, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was educated at Monmouth and studied theology at Moumouth; was licensed Sept. 29, 1874, by Bloomington Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’76, by Southern Illinois; pastor of Romine Prairie, Marion Co., Ill., since Sept, 1876. LONG, Leander H. (A. R.): Was born July i, 1826, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at the Western University in 1844, and studied theol¬ ogy at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1847, Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained July 25, ’48, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Birmingham and Temperanceville July, 1848-June 26, THE MINISTRY. 423 ’49; of Urbana, O., i849-’52; S. S. in Columbus 1852-4; joined the Presbyterian Cli., and was in it pastor of Urbana Jan., 1855-Feb., ’65; was, during this pastorate, chaplain for a year in the army; practiced at the Urbana bar as a lawyer 1865-’76, and served two terms in the Legislature of Ohio; pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Lebanon, O., 1876- 1882, and is in Denver, Col. Publications: Two Sermons; one in Vol. II, the other Vol. V of the Asso. Ref. Pulpit. LORIMER, Samuel Wallace: Son of Rev. William; was born Feb. 23, 1843, Rich¬ mond, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed April 19, 1865, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Dec. 12, ’66, by Keokuk; was pastor of Middletown and New London, la., Dec., 1866-No V, ’67; S. Henderson, Ill., Sept, 1868-Mar., ’75; Red Oak, la., Aug., 1876-Sept., ’77; Mulberry, West Missouri, Ap. 7, 1880-Aug. 24, ’86. LORIMER, William (A. R.):* Was born Ap. ii, 1810, near New Concord, O.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1836, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1837, by the Second Ohio, and ordained Ap. 18, ’38, by the same; was pastor of Richmond and Knox¬ ville, O., 1838-’48; Richmond alone 1848-’54; Richmond and Piney Fork 1854-’58; Antrim, O., Morning Sun, la., 1865-’70; Stanwood, la., Nov., i87C)-June, ’72; Olena, Ill., Nov., 1872, till death, Jan. 30, 1873. LOVE, Thomas, D. D. (A. R.): Was born May 19, 1821, in Shepherdstown, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 31, 1853, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Nov. 15, ’54, by the Lake; was pastor of Waterford and McKean, Erie Co., Pa., Nov., 1854-Ap., ’64, and of High Ridge, Belmont Co., O., Dec., 1876-Oct. 21, 1885. LOWRY, Joseph (A. R.)*: Was born in South Carolina in 1777; was graduated at Columbia College, S. C., in 1808, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1814 by the 424 THE MINISTRY. First Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained in Oct, ’14, by Second Carolinas; was pastor of Bethel and connections, in Jefferson Co., Ga., from his ordination until his death, July 23, 1841. He was far above the average both as man and as minister. LUKE, Alexander (A. R.)*: Was received in 1844 by the Pres, of Washington from Ire¬ land or Scotland; supplied the church in Lisbon, St. Law¬ rence Co., N. Y., for a year, and then passed to the Presby¬ terian Ch. of Canada. LUSK, Davis William: Was born Dec. 15, 1851, at Kammerer, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, studied the¬ ology at Union, N. Y. city; was licensed Mar. ii, 1879, by Second New York, and ordained Mar. 22, ’81, by the same; pastor in Newark, N. J., Mar. 22, 1881-June 19, ’83; Frank- ford. Pa., Nov. 26, 1883-Mar. 30, ’85; joined the Presbyte¬ rian Ch., and is in Newark, N. J. LUSK, Hugh King (A.)* Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1842, and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed June 9, 1846, by Chartiers Pres., and or¬ dained Oct. 20, ’47, by Cambridge; was pastor of the residu¬ ary church of Cambridge, N. Y., Oct., 1847-May 6, ’57; S. S. at Verona, Allegheny Co., 1858-June ’61; died Jan. 25, 1862, of consumption. LYLE, James (A.):* Was born about 1795 in Eastern Pennsylvania; was edu¬ cated at Dickinson, and studied theology at Service and at Canonsburg; was licensed Aug. 20, 1823, Ohio Pres., and ordained May 4, ’25, by the Carolinas; was pastor of Bethel, Little River and Smyrna, in Fairfield and Chester counties, S. C., 1825-’34; suspended from the ministry for drunk¬ enness and impurity in 1837; soon afterwards moved to Texas, where in 1840 he was killed in a quarrel. LYNN, John Calvin: Was born May 10, 1851, at Gordan’s Grove, Randolph Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1881, and studied the- THE MINISTRY. 425 ■ji ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 8,^884, by Xenia Pres, and ordained May 7, ’85, by Chicago; pastor of Wheatland, Will Co., Ill., since ordination. LYONS, John Chambers (A. R.): After being deposed for immorality by the Presbyterian Ch. in Ireland was received Aug. 13, 1844, Pres, of New York on false credentials, purporting to come from the Secession Presbytery of Down, in Ireland, and was installed pastor of the A. R. congregation in Kensington, Philadelphia, on the i8th of the following Nov. During the winter some¬ thing of the deception was ascertained, and when called to an account Mr. Lyons made such a confession and explanation as lead the Presbytery to dismiss the matter with a rebuke. News from Ireland soon showed that the confession and ex¬ planation were not true, and in July, 1845, he was formally deposed from the ministry. In a short time afterward he and his congregation were received by the Asso. Pres, of New York, (Stark, &c.,) and on the 6th of November, 1850, he was by it suspended from the ministry and loosed from his charge. He then studied medicine, and has ever since prac¬ ticed in Kensington, in Philadelphia. LYONS, Samuel Ross: Was born Ap. 28, 1849, Winnsboro’, S. C.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1880, by Southern Illinois, and ordained Aug. 3, ’80, by the same; pastor of Marissa, St. Clair Co., Ill., Aug. 3, 1880-May 85; Bloomington, Ind., Aug. 27, 1885- LYTLB, Allen William: Was born Aug. 19, 1853, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1879, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 28, 1881, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 8, ’83, by Caledonia; pastor of Sterling Valley, N. Y., since ordination. LYTLE, D. Smith: Was born Jan. 3, 1847, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 14, 1881, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 7, ’81, by the same, for the foreign missionary work. Stationed at Sialkot, N. India. 27 426 THE MINISTRY. LYTLE, James Dudgeon; Was born Ap. 6, 1854, in Ligonier Valley, Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1880, by Westmoreland, and or¬ dained June 28, ’81, by Caledonia; pastor of Lyndon, Cat¬ taraugus Co., N, Y., June, ’8i-June 8, ’86; N. Henderson, Ill., since Sep., 1886. LYTLE, James Pollock, D. D. (A.): Was born in Ligonier Valley, Westmoreland Co. Pa., Dec. 6, 1821; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 15, 1851, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Sep. 18, ’53, by Miami; was editor of the Presbyterian Witness^ in Cincinnati, 1853-’6; been pastor of Bloomfield congregation, Muskingum Co., O., since Sept, 1855. Publications: Memoir of Joseph Scroggs, D. D.; Memoir of R. H. Pollock, D. D.; Progress, the Law of Christ’s Kingdom, an Address to the Theological Students at Xenia; An Address at the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Settlement of Dr. Scroggs; Christ’s Mediatorial Government, a Sermon be¬ fore Synod. LYTLE, William H. : Was born Aug. 13, 1853, Fredericksburg, O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1879, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1884, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained June 17, ’84, by Frankfort; pastor of Tumlinson’s Run; Beaver Co., Pa., since ordination; Resigned June 26, 1887. Me AD AM, Hugh Parks: Was born May 16, 1837; at Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1857, studied theology at Allegheny: was licensed Ap. 8, 1862, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained July, 20, ’65, Albany; was pastor in Troy N. Y., July 1865-Jan. 9, ’71; joined the Reformed Dutch Church and was pastor at Lodi, N. Y., 16 years, joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at New York Mills, N. Y. McADAM, William Taggart, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Aug. 5, 1823, Harrison Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1842, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 23, 1845, ^7 Second Ohio, and ordained THE MINISTRY. 427 May 19, ’47, by the Lake; was pastor in Mercer, Pa., 1847- Sept. ’53; in Rochester, N. Y., Ap. 1854-’7; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch. and was pastor at Sharon, Pa., 1857-’60; chap¬ lain of volunteers Aug., 1861-June, ’65; was pastor at Che¬ rokee, la., 1874-’79; and is now post chaplain in the U. S. Army and stationed at Fort Omaha, Neb. McAllister, Robert (A.)*: Was born in county Down, Ireland; was graduated at Bel¬ fast College and Seminary; was licensed by the Pres, of Ban- bridge; came to Canada in 1854, and was ordained Mar. 27, ’55, by the Asso. Pres, of Stamford; was pastor at Port Rob¬ inson, Canada West, from ordination until his death, in 1863. McAllister, Wituam John*: Was born Mar. 25, 1832, in Washington Co., N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth; was licensed Ap. 27, 1871, by Chicago Pres., and ordained Ap. 10, ’72, by the same; pastor at Wheatland, Ill., Ap., 1872-Ap. 74; of Amity, Tama Co., la., 1876, until his death, which took place Feb. 9, 1879, Tracer, la. McArthur, James (A.): Brother of Samuel; was born Jan. 8, 1815, in Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Franklin in 1841, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 3, 1845, Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept, ii, ’46, by Cambridge; was pastor at Ryegate, Vt., Sept., 1846-Dec., ’57; at Ellison, Ill., July, 1859-Aug., ’72; was superintendent of schools in the county of Henderson, Ill., for four years; is now at Monmouth, infirm. Publications: A Sermon on Faith; Farewell Sermon at Ryegate. McArthur, John M. : Son of the Rev. James; was born Jan. 9, 1850, in Barnet, Vt.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied the¬ ology at Newburgh and Xenia; was licensed in Aug., 1873, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 29, ’74, by Xenia; pastor at Reynoldsburg, O., Oct., 1874-Aug., ’77; at McDon¬ ald, near Pittsburg, Aug. 20, 1877-Nov. 4, ’79: at Yorkville, Wis., S. S., 1881-3; pastor June 20, 1883-Sep. 21, ’86; An¬ drew, la., Oct. 27, 1886- 428 THE MINISTRY. McArthur, Samuel (A.)*: Was born Jan. 28, 1805, in Cambridge, N. Y.; was gradu¬ ated at Union in 1834, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 13, 1837, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. I, ’38, by Muskingum; was pastor of McMahon’s Creek and Belmont, O., Nov., 1838-Ap. ’51; Birmingham, la., 1855- ’64; East Union and Mechanicsburg, Pa., 1866-’74; supplied Clear Fork, O., 1874-’7; was President of Muskingum College 1851-5, and of Birmingham College, la., for six years; died at New Concord, O., March ii, 1881. McAUEEY, Duncan Turner: Son of the Rev. James; was born May 16, 1826, in Ogdens- burg, N. Y.; studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in the spring of 1861 by St. Eouis Pres., and ordained May 7, ’62, by the same; pastor of Washington, Randolph Co., Ill., 1862-65; S. S. at Americus, Kan., 1866-7; Plymouth and Big Creek, Kan., 1870-3; pastor of Big Creek Sept. 3, 1873-Mar. 31, ’75; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is S. S. at Fruitland, Ill. McAULEY, James (A. R.)*: Brother of the Rev. William; was born in 1792 in county Monoghan, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, Scotland, and studied theology at Belfast; was licensed and ordained in Ireland, and came to the U. S. in 1819; supplied in Montreal, Canada, a year; was pastor of the Presbyterian Ch. in Ogdensburg, N. Y., 1820-6; of the Asso. Ref. Ch. in Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., Ap. 18, 1827-Aug. 25, ’35; for the sake of a milder climate he missionated in Southern Ohio, Kentucky and Southern Illinois; was installed over Springfield and Union, in Randolph Co., Ill., in 1839; signed Union in ’43, and Springfield in spring of ’47; was pastor of Eisbon, St. Eawrence Co., N. Y., July 4, 1847-July 4, ’52; retired to Ogdensburg, N. Y., and lived without charge until his death, Dec. 10, 1865. McAUEEY, John (A.): Was born in Ireland, and when a student of theology in the Presbyterian Ch. connected himself with the Asso. Ch.; was licensed Nov. 16, 1836, by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained in July, ’38, by Allegheny and installed pastor of THE MINISTRY. 429 Jefferson, Upper Piney and Cherry Run, in Clarion Co., Pa., the latter of which he still retained in 1858, having demitted the others in Ap. ’41. He and his congregation refused to go into the union and remained in the residuary Asso. Synod. He differed with his synod on the Headship of Christ and some other things, which finally resulted in his being sus¬ pended Sept. II, ’67, by the Pres, of Clarion for insubordina¬ tion. Dec. 31, ’67, he was received by the Pittsburgh Pres, of the Ref. Presbyterian Ch. (O. S.) When they covenanted in 1870 in Pittsburgh he became dissatisfied with the ‘‘Bond” and some other things, which led him in the spring of ’73 to decline the authority of the Ref. Pres. Synod, and May i, 1873, he joined the ‘‘Reformed Presbytery ” at its meeting in Allegheny. This is an independent Covenanter Pres, which then consisted of the Rev. David Steele, of Philadelphia, and the Rev. J. J. Peoples, of North wood, O. The latter has since withdrawn, and Dr. Steele is dead. Mr. McAuley still resides at Sligo, Clarion Co., Pa. MeAULPiy, William (A. R.)*: Was born in 1765 in county Monoghan, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at the University of Glasgow, and studied theology with John Brown, of Haddington, and was licensed in 1789 by the Asso. Burgher Pres, of Armagh. When he had de¬ livered his trials for licensure, the members of Pres., according to the custom of the times, criticised them unmercifully, and in this case very unjustly, for they were above the capabilities of a large part of the Pres. Mr. McAuley was so galled at the injustice that he claimed to be heard in answer, and then administered an excoriation which astonished the fathers and brethren and clearly revealed to them the kind of stuff of which he was made. He was ordained in 1790 by the same Pres., and w^as a very successful pastor at Tulliallan i790-’4. He came to the U. S. in the summer of 1794, and on the 2d of Sept, joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington, and soon received a call to the congregations of Kortright and Stam¬ ford, in Delaware Co., N. Y., where he was installed June 25, 1795. In 1810 he resigned Stamford, and retained Kort¬ right until his death, which occurred Mar. 24, 1851. The people with whom he settled were all beginners and 430 THE MINISTRY. poor, and could give him a very inadequate salary, so that he was compelled to take a farm and labor upon it for his sup¬ port. He toiled thus year after year until he was past middle life, amid difficulties, privations, the pinchings of poverty and the anxieties incident to a large family; isolated from congenial minds, without either the ability to purchase books or the time to peruse them, yet he was one of the most popu¬ lar and acceptable preachers in his Synod. He was unques¬ tionably very much above the average in ability, and if his circumstances and surroundings had been such as to develop his powers thoroughly he would have become noted. As it was, those who knew both well regarded him as being deci¬ dedly superior to his distinguished brother, the Rev. Thomas McAuley, D. D., LL. D. He held the affections of his peo¬ ple through three or four generations, so that they gave him a colleague in his old days, and listened to him gladly when so old and blind and infirm that he had to be helped into the pulpit. Although his life had been one of difficulties, to which were added sorrows, still his native wit and humor continued in a quiet way to the last. He was once called to marry the nephew of one of his neighbors, a worthy Covenanter of the old stamp, who was disposed to measure the value of religious services by their length. Mr. McAuley, as his habit was, made the marriage service quite short; and when he pro¬ nounced the young couple husband and wife, “ Humph,” said the uncle, “they are nae mair married than they were be¬ fore. ’ ’ Some time afterward the uncle concluded to take to himself a wife, and as no minister of his own church could be gotten he was forced, much against his will, to apply to Mr. McAuley, who cheerfully consented to “tie the knot” for him. When the evening for the marriage arrived and the parties had presented themselves, Mr. McAuley said a word or two to the bride, and then addressed the bridegroom in a regular discourse upon his duties and responsibilities to such length that the poor man, fairly wearied out, was forced to take a seat, leaving the lady standing alone. Mr. McAuley then closed the service, and after the customary congratula¬ tions, he, with a significant smile, asked the good Covenan¬ ter, “ Do you think that you are married?” THE MINISTRY. 431 McAYEAL, HOWARD S. Son of Dr. Robert, was born Nov. 8, i860, at Oskaloosa, la.; after spending two years in Edinburgh University was graduated at Geneva College, Beaver Falls, Pa., in 1883, and studied theology one year in Montreal, Can., two years in Allegheny, Pa., (Presbyterian) and one in Xenia; was licensed May 13, 1887, by College Springs Pres., and or¬ dained June 30, ’87, Delaware; pastor of Meredith, N. Y., since ordination. Publications; Two or three Sermons. McAYEAL, Robert Archibald D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 25, 1825, Washington Co., Pa., but brought up in Westmoreland under the ministry of Mungo Dick; was graduated at Geneva, O., 1854; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 15, 1855, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Nov. 8, ’56, by Iowa; pastor of Oska¬ loosa, la., Nov., 1856-N0V. 7, ’78, during which time he spent one year as chaplain in the army; pastor at Lawrence, Mass., since Jan. 21, 1879. He was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1871. McBRIDE, Andrew: Was born Jan. 4, 1843, in Hopewell, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1867, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 9, 1871, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 9, ’73, by Indiana; was pastor of Caledonia, Ind., Ap., 1873-June 29, ’79, of Greensboro, Vt., May 2, 1882- Publication: An Essay on Conversion. McBRIDE, Robert William: Was born Oct. 22, 1848, in Philadelphia, Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 4, 1878, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 5, ’79, by the same; pastor of Olena, Henderson Co., Ill., Sept. 5, 1879-Aug. 27, ’84; Missionary to the Warm Springs Indians, in Oregon, 1884- McBRIDE, Samuel Bruce: Was born June 21, 1840, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1862; enlisted in the volunteer infantry service in the civil war Aug. 12, 1862, and was discharged Dec. 18, ’63, “by reason of wound received in action;” 432 THE MINISTRY. studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed May I, 1867, by Chartieis Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’70, by Westmoreland; pastor of Union, Westmoreland Co., Sept., 1870-Jnne 19, ’77; of Laurel Hill, Fayette Co., since Aug. 13, 1878. Publication; True Philantrophy, tract No. 13, United Presbyterian Board of Publication. McBURNEY, Francis (A.): Was born Ap. 4, 1827, near Broughshane, county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at Belfast College, and studied theol¬ ogy at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 3, 1854, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Aug. 14, ’56, by Philadelphia; pastor of Guinston, York Co., Pa., Aug., 1856-Oct. 6, ’68; of Mexico, Juniata Co., Pa., since Sept. 28, 1869. McCAGUE, Thomas (A. R.): Was born Dec. 25, 1825, Ripley, O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1851, and studied theology at Oxford; was li¬ censed Ap. 9, 1853, Chillicothe Pres., and ordained May 9, ’54, by the same; sailed as missionary to Eg>^pt in Oct, 1854; remained in the field until Mar., ’61, when ill health compelled him to return home. He has since labored as a missionary in the home field, and resides at Omaha, Neb. McCAHAN, Alexander, D. D. (A. R.)^: Was born in 1794 in Ireland, and educated at Belfast; was licensed by the Asso. Pres, of Coleraine, and ordained Dec. 2, ’28, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Big Spring; pastor of Cham- bersburg and Concord, Pa., Dec., 1828-Oct. 6, ’30; installed over Canonsburg and Cross Roads, Washington Co., Pa., Sept. 21, ’31; released Ap. 12, 1837, from the latter, and Mar. 28, ’43, from the former; pastor of Jacksonville and Olivet, Indiana Co., Pa., Aug., i843-x\p. ’44, when he be¬ came S. S. to the latter for some time; was pastor of Beth- saida, Tipton Co., Ind., June, 1855-’8; retired in two or three years to Canonsburg, Pa., where he died Oct. 4, 1873. McCALL, John Atkinson *: Was born Feb. 23, 1834, at New Athens, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 9, 1862, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Mar. 31, ’63, by Xenia, and installed at Cedarville, where, on the 23d of the following Aug., he died from bilious colic. THE MINISTRY. 433 McCalister, John Randolph (A. R.): Was born in Hopewell, York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1852, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained in Oct., ’55, by Second Illinois; S. S. Rock Island, Ill., 1854-’60; pastor of Aledo and Viola, Ill., 1862-’7. His labors have been chiefly misssionary; S. S. at Whitinsville, Mass., 1885-^7. McCALMONT, James Andrew: Was born at Hickory, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 10, 1877, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained July 14, ’80, by College Springs; pastor of Adams, Taylor Co., la., July 14, 1880-Aug. 29, ’83; Newton and Palo Alto, la., Nov. 26, 1886- McCAMPBELL, Luther: Was born June 4, 1846, near New California, Union Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 10, 1872, by Sidney Pres., and ordained June 24, ’73, by Butler; pastor of Buffalo, Armstrong Co., Pa., since ordination. McCARRELL, Alexander Donnan: Was born at Hickory, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1870, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Oct. I, ’74, by Mansfield; was pastor of Millersburg, O., Oct., 1874-Sept. 8, ’77; Stewart Station, Pa., Feb. 15, 1881- McCARRELL, James (A.)*: Was born in Western Pennsylvania, was graduated at Jef¬ ferson in 1824, studied theology at Canonsburg; was li¬ censed Sept. I, 1829, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained, sine Sept. 16, ’30, by Miami; was pastor of Upper Piney and Cherry Run, in Clarion Co., Pa., June, 1831-37; of Tumlinson Run, Beaver Co., Pa., Nov. 28, 1837-Jan. 3, ’54; he died in 1856. McCARRELL, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born July 9, 1795, at Shippensburg, Cumberland Co., 434 THE MINISTRY. Pa. While preparing for college the country was startled by the report that the British had burned Washington and were marching upon Baltimore. Such was the patriotic ardor in Shippensburg that every man in town, capable of bearing arms, hurried to the defense of Baltimore, and among these was Joseph McCarrell, who witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry. He returned to his books and was graduated at Washington in 1815, and studied theology in New York under Dr. J. M. Mason; was licensed June 19, 1821, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained Mar. 14, ’23, by New York; was pastor of the First Asso. Ref. Ch. of Newburgh, N. Y., from his ordination until his death, which occurred Mar. 29, 1864. In 1829 elected Prof of Theology in the resuscitated Seminary of Newburgh, and discharged the duties thereof for thirty years, and during much of the time alone. He had read through the whole of the Hebrew Bible before he en¬ tered the Theological Seminary as a student, and as Professor always insisted that every student should read the entire Bible in the original Hebrew and Greek before licensure. As a teacher he was very fond of treating subjects analyti¬ cally, and he was master of that mode of discussion. As a preacher he was solemn, instructive and impressive. As a writer he was clear and forcible. Dr. Forsyth, of Newburgh, N. Y., when a boy was a parishioner, then a pupil, a fellow professor and a life-long friend, says of Dr. McCarrell: “In all my intercourse with men, never have I met with one in whom masculine vigor of intellect was combined with more of the gentle grace of the gospel; nor one who surpassed him in childlike simplicity, unselfishness and profound reverence for all sacred things. He had his failings, no doubt, but even they leaned to virtue’s side.” Publications: A Missionary Sermon, 1826; An Answer to a Discourse preached by Dr. W. E. Channing at the dedication of the Second Unitarian Ch., in New York, 1827; Address on the Sabbath, 1827; Speech before the Gen. Ass. of the Presbyterian Ch., of 1831, in support of a claim of the A. R. Synod of New York, to the property transferred to Princeton by the Gen. Synod of the A. R. Ch., at the union in 1822; The Way of Salvation, a Sermon, 1834; Ministerial Responsibilities, a Sermon, 1834; THE MINISTRY. 435 Review of the Opinions of Dr. N. W. Taylor, 1834; Review of Stuart on Romans, 1835; The Atonement, a Sermon, 1837; A Sermon at the funeral of Mr. D. N. Carithers, 1838; An Address to Students of the Seminary, 1839; Bible Temper¬ ance, in three Sermons, 1841; The Seraphim, an Address, 1847; Fishers of Men, an Address, 1848; The Book, an Ad¬ dress, 1849; The Christian’s Hope, a Sermon, 1850; An Essay upon Capital Punishment, 1852; A God-sent Ministry, the World’s Great Need, an Address, 1852; An Essay upon the Geology of the Bible, 1856; The Cherubim, a Sermon on Genesis iii. 24. McCARROLE, Andrew B. : Was born Ap. 4, 1847, Ireland; was graduated at West¬ minster in 1873, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 30, 1876, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 10, ’79, by Detroit; pastor of Brock way and Fremont, St. Clair Co., Mich., June 10, 1879-Nov. 8, ’82; founded a colony in 1887 in Kan. McCARTEE, Robert, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 30, 1791, in New York city; was graduated at Columbia, and studied theology with Dr. Mason; was licensed in Ap., 1816, by New York Pres., and ordained in May, ’17, by Philadelphia; pastor of the Spruce Street Asso. Ref. Ch., in Philadelphia, 1817-Ap. 21, ’21; went into the union of 1822, and was pastor of the Canal St, Presbyterian Ch., in New York, 1822-’36; of Port Carbon, Schuylkill Co., Pa., 1836-40; Goshen, N. Y., i840-’9; joined the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York, and was pastor of the Union Ch., New¬ burgh, N. Y., 1849-’56; of Presbyterian Ch., in Twenty- second St, New York, 1856-’62; retired to Yonkers, and died Mar. 12, 1865. McCartney, Andrew: Was born Aug. 25, 1823, Fort Glenore, county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed June 17, 1857, by the Asso. Pres., of Muskingum, and ordained Dec. 8, ’58, by the United Presbyterian of Mansfield; was pastor of Dal¬ ton, O., Dec., 1858-May, ’61; was S. S., in Topeka, Valley 436 THE MINISTRY. Falls, etc., in Kan., i86i-’6; pastor at Lacona and Indianola, la., from Mar., 1866, released from the former in June, ’68, and from the latter in ’71; after supplying elsewhere, was re¬ called to Lacona May, 1879-Ap. ii, ’83. McCartney, Joseph*: Was born May 29, 1828, in Armagh, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 3, 1859, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ June 20, ’60, by the same; was pastor of Mexico, Juniata Co., Pa., Nov., 1862-July 10, ’67; Franklin, Venango Co., 1868-Sept., ’72; S. S. at Omaha, Neb., 1876-’7, where he died Oct. 17, 1877. McCartney, Thomas*: Brother of the Rev. Andrew; was bom in 1829, in Port Glenore, in Ireland; was graduated at Antrim, O., in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed April 14, 1859, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained July 10, ’60, by Xenia; was missionary, S. S. and pastor at Nebraska City and Rock Bluff, Neb., 1861-8; died Mar. 10, 1869. McCAUGHAN, Charles Thompson, D. D. (A. R.): Was born June 19, 1814, at Rock Ridge, Trigg Co., Ky.; was graduated at Miami in 1837, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford ; was licensed Ap. 22, 1840, by First Ohio, and ordained Oct. 13, ’41, by Springfield; pastor of Sidney, O., Oct. 1841-Dec. ’57; Principal of the Urbana Fe¬ male Seminary, 1856-’9; Principal of the Mansfield Academy, Pa., i86i-’4; installed pastor of Winterset, la., and connec¬ tions, Aug. 30, 1865, and was released from Montpelier April, ’68; from Winterset and North Branch Nov. 9, ’70, and Union June 16, ’75, and from Peru, Ap. 10, ’82. Pub¬ lications: The Temporal Support of Religion, a Sermon, 1845; Value of the World when the Soul is Lost, Asso. Ref. Pulpit, Vol. I, 1850; The Glory of a Christian Church, Asso. Ref. Pulpit, Vol. V, 1854; Odd Fellowship, a Sermon; History of the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of Spring- field, 1880. McCAUGHEY, Elijah S. (A. R.): Was born May 4, 1821, in Stark Co., O.; was educated at THE MINISTRY. 437 Franklin, and studied theology [at Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1851, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained in Ap., ’54, by Second Illinois; installed soon after ordination over White Oak Grove, McLean Co., Ills., and suspended from the min¬ istry Ap. 30, ’55, for “unministerial and unchristian conduct.” Engaged in secular pursuits. McCAW, David: Was born Nov. 17, 1852, in Bloomington, Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1885, by Keokuk Pres., and or¬ dained, July 8, ’86, by Butler; pastor of Kittanning and Wor¬ thington, Pa., since ordination. McCHORD, James (A. R.)*: Was born March 29, 1785, in Baltimore, Md., and in 1790 his father removed the family to Lexington, Ky., where they United with Mr. Rankin’s church. In 1801 Mr. McChord entered Transylvania University, but in the spring of 1803 he left it and entered the office of Henry Clay to study law. His preceptor’s engagements were so numerous that he could find no time to hear his pupil’s recitations except upon the Sab¬ bath. Against this his conscience, enlightened by a religious education, remonstrated, and the result was an entire change of views and feelings, and he resolved to study for the minis¬ try. He re-entered the university and was graduated in 1805, when he went to the Theo. Sem. in New York, where he re¬ mained four years, and was licensed Nov. 3, 1809, by the Pres, of Kentucky. In April, ’ii, he was ordained by the same. In ’ 12 he published in the Evangelical Record a seriesjof papers which he afterwards revised and published in ’ 14 in an octavo volume, under the title of ‘ ‘ The Body of Christ. ’ ’ The design of this work was to harmonize the doctrines of a limited atonement and an unlimited offer of the gospel, which he did by propounding a new theory of the headship of Christ, in which he held that the atonement was made neither for all mankind, nor yet for the elect as such, although none but the elect would ever receive its benefits; but that it was made for His body —that body corporate, of which from time to time individuals became members by regeneration. His Presbytery took exceptions to his theory, and in Oct., 1815, 438 THE MINISTRY. he was suspended from the ministry. He appealed to the General Synod, but was unable, because of severe illness, to attend its meeting in May, ’i6, and in his absence the Synod enjoined him to submit to his suspension until he could be heard. He submitted and appeared before the Synod in May, ’17, and defended himself in a speech of remarkable elo¬ quence and power. The Synod decided: “That so much of the libel against Rev. J. McChord as goes to charge him with denying that any are represented in Adam who are not united to him by natural generation, thereby making representation consequent on natural generation; and so much of the libel as charges him with denying that any are represented by Christ in the covenant of grace until they are united to Christ in regeneration, thereby making representation in Christ con¬ sequent to regeneration, is relevant and true.” He refused to submit further and declined the authority of the Synod, and in the autumn was received into the Presbyterian Ch. by the Pres, of West Texington. In 1813-’14 a number of young persons in Lexington, not professors of religion, from the very high estimate they had of Mr. McChord’s talents, undertook to build a place of pub¬ lic worship on the supposition that a congregation might easily be gathered to attend upon his ministry, allowing him to attach it to whatever church he saw fit. It was the man and not the denomination for which they cared. On the 30th of July, 1815, this new edifice was formally opened, the pews sold, and the thing made a financial success, and it has ever since been known as the “McChord Church.” When he united with the Presbyterian Ch. in ’17, the congregation went with him, although he had never been installed. He was a man of unquestioned piety, and Dr. MacDill, who often heard him, pronounced him “a profound theologian, an im¬ pressive speaker, talented, eloquent, and possessing a brilliant imagination,” yet his success was but limited in this church, which had been built for his sake rather than the gospel’s sake. He left Lexington in the autumn of ’19 and took charge of the Bourbon Academy at Paris, Ky., where he died May 26, 1820, from fistula, from which he had long and greatly suffered. Publications : A Sermon on Divine For- THE MINISTRY. 439 givetiess, 1812; A Sermon on the Signs of the Times, 1813; The Body of Christ, 8vo., 1814; A Sermon on “National Safety,” preached before the Legislature of Kentucky, 1815; His Defence before the General Synod in 1817; A Volume of Sermons, 1818; A Volume of Posthumous Discourses, 1822. McCLANAHAN, Alexander W. (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 28, 1821, near W. Union, Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1844, and studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed in the spring of 1847 by the Pres, of Chilli- cothe, and ordained in ’48 by the same; was pastor of Decatur, Brown Co., O., 1848-’55; went to Illinois, but in ’57 was recalled to his old charge, where he remained until he died. In ’62 he was suspended from the ministry for marrying his deceased wife’s sister; he appealed to Synod, and after its confirming the sentence, but before he heard the decision, he died Oct. 29, 1862, from typhoid fever. McCLANAHAN, William Steel: Was born Jan. 26, 1836, in Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in i860, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Mar. 31, ’64, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 22, ’65, by First Ohio; was S. S. for a year at Dayton, O.; pastor of Grandview and Harrison, la., 1867-Sept. 29,’70; of Viola, Ill., May 4, 1871-Jan. 19, ’87; Homestead, Ill., since Sept, 1887. McClellan, david martin: Was born May 23, 1837, in Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1861, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1864, by Argyle Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 10, ’67, by Conemaugh; was pas¬ tor of Homer City, Indiana Co., Pa., June i, 1868-June 17, ’73; of Kansas City Mo., since Nov. 26, 1874. McClelland, George T. : Was born in 1844 Pardoe, Mercer Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth and Princeton; was licensed in the spring of 1872 by Keokuk Pres., and ordained May 5, ’74, by Lake; pastor of Franklin, Venango Co.,. Pa., May, 1874-May 2, ’76; S. S. at Garretts- ville, N. Y.,Kittanning, Pa., and Millersburg, O. 440 THE MINISTRY. McClelland, Hugh R. : Was born May 23, 1846, at Pardoe, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1867, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1868, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 27, ’70, by Mercer; pastor of Mt. Jackson, Lawrence Co., Pa., Oct. 27, 1870-Sept. 14, ’85; Sparta, Ill., May 8, 1886- McCLENAHAN, David A.: Was born Feb. 24, 1853, Fairview, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated in 1876 at Muskingum, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 21, 1880, by Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’81, by Mansfield; pas¬ tor of Avondale and Amity, Cochecton Co., O., Dec. 18, 1881- Sept. 19, ’82; West 44th St., New York, Nov. 13, 1882-Nov. 20, ’85; Prof, of Hebrew in the Theo. Sem., Allegheny, Pa., since 1885. McCLENAHAN, James Urie*: Was born in Aug., 1836, at Fairview, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1866, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. ii, 1867, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained Sept. 9, ’69, by Le Claire; was pastor at Wyoming, Jones Co., la.. Sept. 1869-Oct. 15, ’72; Davenport, la.. May, i 873-’4; Winterset Jan. 2, 1875-Sept. 23, ’77; Olathe, Kan., June 12, ’78, until death Oct. 12, 1879. McCLENAHAN, Robert Stewart: Was born in June, 1838, in Antrim, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1876, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Jan. 9, ’78, by Neosho; pastor of Arkansas City, Kan., from ordination till 1882; Thornville and Rush Creek, O., June 18, 1883-’6; Sycamore, O., Ap. 26, 1887- McCLESTER, Robert Patterson: Was born at New Scottsville, Beaver Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1875, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed May 8, 1878, by Brookville Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’80, by the same; pastor of Brownsdale and Union, Butler Co., since June 15,1880. THE MINSITRY. 441 McCLINTOCK, Joseph (A.)*: Was born Feb. 18, 1810, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1837, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed June 21, 1843, Chartiers Pres., and ordained, sine Aug. 13, ’46, by Miami; was pastor of Mountville and New Castle, Lawrence Co., Pa., Sept., 1847- ’56; after a long retirement at Worth, Pa., he went to Chase City, Va., in 1875, and there died Mar. 7, 1879. McCLINTOCK, Thomas (A.)*: Was born in 1762 about thirty miles from the city of Sligo, in Ireland; in 1784 he came to the U. S. and taught school for several years at Canon’s Mills, now Canonsburg, in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa. Here he prosecuted his classical studies in the academy which preceded Jefferson College, and studied theology for six winters with Dr. Anderson at Service. He was licensed June 21, 1801, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Jan. 27, ’03, by the same. On the 7th of Ap., ’03, he ac¬ cepted a call to Cool Spring, now Mercer, Pa., and to Scrub- grass, now East Unity, Venango Co., and to Boiling Spring, now Harmony, Butler Co., and was installed on the 8th of May. On the 2d of May, ’05, he resigned Cool Spring, and retained the other two until his death, which occurred at his residence in the Harmony congregation on the loth of Mar., 1832. McCLINTOCK, William James: Was born Mar. 27, 1853, near Harrisville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa., in 1878; taught four years, and then studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Jan. 21, 1885, Butler Pres., and ordained Oct. 7, ’85, by Steubenville; pastor of Calcutta, Columbiana Co., O., since ordination. McCLURE, James T., D. D. (A. R.): Was born July 19, 1822, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Duquesne College, Pittsburgh, in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 28, 1849, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 8, ’50, by Steuben¬ ville; pastor in Wheeling, W. Va., since ordination; delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council in 1877. Publication: Science and the Bible, 12 mo., 1882. 28 442 THE MINISTRY. McCLURE, William Sloan: Was born Sept. 4, 1853, at W. Middletown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 14, 1880, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Jan. 13, ’81, by Xenia; pas¬ tor of Sugar Creek, Greene Co., O., since ordination. McConnell, Alexander Archibald*: Was graduated at Franklin in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 27, 1865, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Feb. 6, ’66, by Second New York; was pastor of Newark, N. J., i866-’9; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died in the pastorate of Crawford, N. J., Sept. 17, 1873- McCONNELL;, James (A. R.)*: Was born in 1771 in Ireland; was educated in literature and theology in Scotland; was licensed by an Asso. Pres, in Ireland, and came to the U. S. in 1797; was ordained in the spring of 1799 by the First Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania; was pastor of Big Spring, Cumberland Co., Pa., 1799-Nov. 6, 1809; commenced labor in Deer Creek and Puckety, Alle¬ gheny Co., in Ap., ’ll, and was installed on the 4th of Sept.; was released from the latter Ap. 2, ’33, and from the former Jan. 15, ’45, and died Mar. 3, 1848. McConnell, John Stark: Was graduated at Franklin in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1861, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 4, ’62, by Cleveland; was S. S. in Cleveland, O., 1862-’6; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Lawrenceville, Pittsburgh, Pa. McConnell, william Alexander: Was born Jan. ii, 1830, in Mansfield, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1857, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 16, 1858, by Mansfield Pres., (A. R.,) and or¬ dained June 15, ’59, by Mansfield (United Presbyterian); pastor of Amity and connections June, 1859-Sept., ’64; of Mt. Pleasant, Washington Co., Pa., since Oct., 31, 1865. Publications: Jacob Wrestling, a Sermon, 1870; Why Are You Not a Communicant? a tract, United Presbyterian B. Pub., 1880. THE MINISTRY. 443 McConnell, wiluam landis (a. r.)*: Was born Sept. 19, 1829, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1853, studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed June 25, 1856, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Mar. 9, ’58, by Allegheny; was pastor of Han¬ over, Beaver Co., 1858-’8; of Sewickley and West Newton Dec. 25, i860-’5; and died in Allegheny July 18, 1866, from consumption. McConnell, Wiluam Thompson: Was born Ap. 13, 1847, W. Middletown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1873, ^7 Char- tiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 18, ’73, by Beaver Valley; pas¬ tor of Mahoning and Poland from ordination; resigned Poland Ap. ii, 1882, Mahoning June 24, ’83; Kirkwood Ill., Ap. 24, 1884- Publications: The Bible in the Public Shools, a Sermon; No Night There, a Sermon; Addresses at Dr. Goodwillie’s Semi-Centennial Celebration. McCORD, Matthew S. : Was born in Ireland; was graduated at Westminster in 1872, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in Ap., 1874, by First New York Pres., and ordained Dec. 29, ’74, by Boston; pastor in Providence, R. L, since ordination. McCORMICK, George: Was born Nov. 24, 1847, Spring Run, Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Amherst in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1871, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 22, ’72, by Butler; was pastor of Butler, Pa., Oct., 1872-Ap. 22, ’73; of Salinas, Cal., since Sept. 29, 1873. McCOY, Albert Gallatin, Ph. D. : Was born May 7, 1849, Calcutta, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 16, 1875, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained Sept. 26, ’76, by Monongahela; was pastor of the Seventh Ch., Pittsburgh, Sept., 1876-Dec. 31, ’78; editor of the Chris¬ tian Instructor^ Chicago, Ill., Jan., 1879-Ap. 1882. 444 THE MINISTRY. McCOY, Alexander (A. R.)*: «■« ' •'' '^ ' Was born about I7’5^in Ireland, and having gone through a preparatory course and ready for college, the family in 1774 came to the Province of Pennsylvania. His father soon after¬ ward died, and the altered circumstances of the family dis¬ couraged him from further preparation for the ministry, and he settled upon a farm and married. He subsequently con¬ cluded to go on with his studies, and entered Dickinson in 1792, and studied theology with the Rev. John Jamieson of Westmoreland Co., and was licensed May 4, 1795, by the Second Pennsylvania Presbytery. He was by the same Pres, ordained Oct. 29, ’95, and installed over Three Ridges, West Alexander, Pa., and Short Creek, in Ohio Co., West Va. These congregations had just seceded from the Presbyterian Ch., because of the introduction of Watts’ Psalms and Hymns. The Asso. Ref. Synod at its meeting in May, 1799, in in Greencastle, Pa., adopted its “Constitution and Stan¬ dards,” and in doing so modified the doctrine of the West¬ minster Confession of Faith “concerning the power of the civil magistrate in matters of religion.” Against this modi¬ fication or change Mr. McCoy protesed, and on the 29th of June declined the further authority and jurisdiction of the Asso. Ref. Church. On the iith of Nov., 1800, the Rev. Robert Warwick pursued the same course and for the same reason. These two ministers, with two ruling elders, met together on the 27th of Jan., 1801, in the town of Washing¬ ton, Pa., and “did, by solemn prayer, constitute themselves into a Presbytery, under the denomination of The Reformed Disseiiting Presbytery, ’ ’ His two congregations adhered to him, and for some years he gave a part of his time to a third congregation near Farm¬ ington, across the river, in Belmont Co., O. On account of an infirmity that made it difficult for him to ride on horse¬ back, he resigned his charge about 1820 and moved to Pitts¬ burgh, and preached there until his successor, the Rev. John Pattison, died in 1825, when he returned, and riding to his places of preaching in a gig (a new importation), served his two original congregations for seven or eight years, when the THE MINISTRY. 445 infirmities of age compelled him to give them over to a suc¬ cessor, the Rev. William Neil. He died June 17, 1834, from paralysis. Publication: The Narrative of the Reformed Dis¬ senting Presbytery. McCOY, Elijah (A.)*: Grandson of the Rev. Alexander; was born in 1808 in Ohio Co., West Va.; was graduated at Franklin in 1837, and studied theology with his pastor, the Rev. William Neil; was licensed in May, 1840, by the Reformed Dissenting Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ by the same, in the autumn of the same year. He accepted. Sept. 13, ’41, a call from Eagle Greek, Cherry Fork, Scioto, Brush Creek and Xenia, and continued to preach for these little societies, without installa¬ tion, until the union of the Reformed Dissenting Pres, with the Associate Synod in 1851. He did not unite with the Asso. Synod until 1853, and then supplied for five years in various places; was pastor at Trivoli, Peoria Co., Ill., 1858- ’66. He died June 20, 1875, at Kirkwood, Ill. He died in church, having just finished serving a communion table. McCOY, Robert (A. R.)*: Joined the Asso. Ref. Pres., of Springfield in June, 1845, from the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South; passed in a few months to the Pres., of Illinois, and in 1847 I’eceived a certi¬ ficate to connect elsewhere. Died Ap. 12, 1879, in Texas, in the Presbyterian Ch. McCracken, Clark Eeal: Was born Jan. 28, 1848, in Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1869, and studied theology at Princeton and Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 26, 1871, by Delaware Pres., and ordained Oct. 28, ’73, by Boston; pastor at Thompsonville, Conn., Oct. 28, ’73-Oct. 21, ’84; Rock Valley, la., since July 13, 1887. Publications: An Historical Sermon; Memorial of Elijah Churchill; Index to Kitto’s Bible Illustrations. McCRACKEN, John Steele (A. R.)*: Brother of Samuel W.; was born Ap. 25, 1804, near Cin¬ cinnati, O.; was graduated at Miami U., in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 15, 184I, 446 THE MINISTRY. by First Ohio Pres., and ordained sine titulo^ Aug. 23, ’43, by the same; was S. S. at Kenton, O., 1843-’6, pastor until 1851. As broken health would allow, he taught and supplied neighboring vacancies during the remainder of his life. He died in Xenia, April i, 1863, of chronic cystitis. McCRACKEN, Robert: Was born in 1823 Castlewellan, county Down, Ireland; was graduated at Queen’s College, Belfast, and studied the¬ ology with Drs. John and Andrew Black, of Pittsburgh; was licensed in 1847, ordained in May, ’48, by the Presbytery of Pittsburgh of the Ref. Pres. Church (N. S.); was installed in May, 1848, over the Covenanter congregations of Austin- town, O., and Pleasant Hill, Pa.: resigned the former in ’51, and the latter in ’58; was pastor of Walnut Hill, Marion Co., Ill., 1858-60; joined the United Presbyterian Ch.; was pas¬ tor of Paxton, Ill., 1861-5, where he still lives, although prevented by ill health from preaching. In 1876 he trans¬ ferred his membership to the Congregational Church. McCRACKEN, Samuel W. (A. R.)*:’ Was born in 1800 or 1801 near Cincinnati, O.; was grad¬ uated at Miami in 1831, and studied theology privately, with one year at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1835, by First Ohio, and ordained, sine titulo^ Ap. 20, ’36, by the same; was Prof, of Languages in Miami University 1835-7, and of Mathematics 1837-’40, and during much of this time S. S., in Oxford; was pastor of Hopewell, Preble Co., O., from spring of 1840 until his death, which occurred Sept., 10, 1859, acute cystitis. McCREA, James: Was born Oct. 21, 1818, in Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Madison College in 1855, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Aug. 7, i860, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Aug. 8, ’65, by the same; pastor of Somerville and Eden, Ind., Aug. 20, 1868-April 17, ’73; of Salem, Ind., June 23, 1876-Ap. 12, ’79; S. S. in Wells Co., Ind., i88o-’5; pastor Blue Hill and Superior, Neb., Mar. 4, 1886-Sept. 20, 1887. McCREA, Robert T: Was born in Black Lick township, Indiana Co., Pa.; was THE MINISTRY. 447 graduated at Westminster in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed April 9, 1867, by Conemaugh Pres, and ordained Nov. 9, ’69, by Mercer; was pastor of Lebanon and Shenango, Lawrence Co., Nov., 1869-Aug., ’74; of At¬ lantic and Cass Centre, Cass Co., la., since Oct. 6, ’76: re¬ signed Atlantic March 31, ’86. McCREADY, Jonathan Sharp (A.)*: Was born Ap. 15, 1828, at New Galilee, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburgh; was licensed Oct. i, 1855, by Ohio Pres., and ordained Aug. 7, ’56, by Muskingum; was pastor at Cadiz, O., from his ordination until his death. On the 14th of Aug., 1862, he entered the army as captain of volunteers, and after seeing much active service was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, from the effects of which he died Sept. 7, 1864, in the house of Mr. W. K. Carson, in Baltimore. He was a man of excellent abilities as well as of noble and generous impulses. McCREADY, Robert J. : Brother of Jonathan, S., was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 17, 1868, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’71, by Nebraska; pas¬ tor at Pawnee City, Neb, since ordination. McCREERY, Wietiam H. : Was born Nov. 17, 1839, in Ligonier Valley, Westmore¬ land Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 19, 1872, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept, i,, ’74, by the same; went to Colorado for the benefit of his health,, and there organized the congregation of Loveland in 1875, and supplied it until June, 1880. Superintendent of schools,, Larimer Co., Col., 1883- McCRORY, James Thomas: Was born Aug. 26, 1846, in Morgan Co., O., and moved to western Illinois in ’60; was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, 1876, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’77, by the same; was pastor of N. Henderson, Ilk, April, 1877-June 10, ’80; of the Third Ch., Pittsburgh, since Aug. 8, 1880. 448 THE MINISTRY. McCRORY, William James: Was born Feb. 15, 1853, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1879, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed April 13, 1880, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’81, by the Lake; pastor of Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa., 1881-’2; Gerlaw, Warren Co., Ill., Feb. 10, 1883-Aug. 5, ’84; Aledo, Ill., Ap. 28, 1885-May, ’87. McCulloch, John Scouller, D. D. : Was born Sept. 5, 1829, at Big Spring, Cumberland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1857, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained Aug. 23, ’59, by Bloomington; was pastor in Peoria, Ill., Aug., 1859-Sept., ’64; was Chaplain of 77th Illi¬ nois Volunteers Ap. 5, 1864-July 28, ’65; pastor of ii6th St, New York, Ap. 3, 1866-Aug. i, ’77; President of Knox¬ ville College, Tenn., since Aug., 1877. Publication: History of the United Presbyterian Ch., a Synopsis, published by the Board of Publication. McCullough, boyd: Was born in 1825 Rathfriland, county Down, Ireland, and brought by his parents in 1832 to Jefferson Co., Pa. The family belonged to the old school Covenanters, and he was educated under the auspices of that church. He was licensed in Ap., 1852, by the Lakes Presbytery (Ref. Pres.), and ordained July 4, ’55, by the same; was pastor at Novi, Mich., i855-’7i; spent a year in England, Ireland and Scot¬ land among the Covenanter societies. After returning to this country and itinerating for a time he joined the United Pres¬ byterian Ch. in Aug., ’75, and was S. S. at Caledonia and Pepin, Wabasha Co., Minn., 1876-’86. McCUNE, William C. (A. R.): Was born in Beaver Co., Pa., about 1830; was graduated at Jefferson in 1851, and studied theology at Allegheny. The Monongahalea Pres, declined to license him Ap. 12, 1854, but he was licensed on the 25th of the following Dec. by the First Pres, of Ohio, and ordained, sine titulo^ by the same Jan. 15, ’56. He organized a mission church in Cincinnati and labored there as missionary and pastor until July, ’67. He published THE MINISTRY. 449 a work upon Church Fellowship, for which he was brought into the courts of the church in ’66, and the case having been appealed to the General Assembly of ’67, it was there de¬ cided that he was guilty of “holding and defending serious and fundamental error on the subject of church fellowship.” He then united with the Presbyterian Ch. and soon after¬ ward organized a non-denominational congregation in the suburbs of Cincinnati, which resulted in an important trial before the Presbytery of Cincinnati; and although not con- victediof positive error, it became the cause of his transferring his ecclesiastical relations to the Congregational Ch., in which he held a pastorate in Texas, and is now in the Presbyterian Ch. in Southern Kansas. His great aim was the abolition of all denominational lines. McDILL, Andrew Thomas: Was born July 2, 1837, near Biggsville, Henderson Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theol¬ ogy at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 10, 1867, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’69, by Chicago; pastor of Ross Grove, Ill., Ap., 1869-’71; was President of Amity College, la., for five years; was founder and editor of the children’s papers, Olive Plants^ Little Preacher^ and Youug Christian^ at Chicago, 1876-Dec., ’80; assistant editor of the Cliristia 7 t Instructor^ i88o-’5; connected with the newspaper press in California. MacDILL, David, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 27, 1790, in S. Carolina; was graduated at Transylvania University, Ky., in 1813, and studied theology four years in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed Aug. 6, 1817, by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained Oct. i, ’18, by the same; was pastor of Hamilton, O., and for a while of Concord also, Oct., 1818-June, ’47; of Sparta, Ill., Ap., 1849-’56; i^^tired to Monmouth, Ill., and preached occasionally in vacancies and wrote much for the press. He was long editor of the Christian Pitelligencer and of the Evangelical Guardia^i; was connected with the United Presbyterian^ while yet a monthly, in Cincinnati, and editor of the Wester^i United Presbyterian when located at Monmouth. He wrote more for the periodic press than any man in the church in 450 THE MINISTRY. his day, having written very frequently during forty years for all its papers. The style of his articles was always clear, pointed and terse, and the matter seasonable and judicious. The same qualities characterized his preaching, while his manner was quiet and subdued. He was reverent and de¬ vout in the pulpit, and yet frequently indulged in sarcasm, of which he was a thorough master. He died June 15, 1870, in Monmouth. MacDILL, David, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Aug. 26, 1826, in Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Centre College, Ky., in 1849, studied theology at Ox¬ ford and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1852, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Sept. 8, ’53, by Chillicothe; was pastor at Cherry Fork, O., Sept., 1853-June i, ’76, and pastor of Henderson, Ill., March 3, 1877-July i, ’84; was Professor of Philosophy in Monmouth College Sept, i, 1876-’85; Professor in Theo. Sem., in Xenia, since Sept., 1885. Publications: Life of Judge Morrison, i8mo., 1863; Secret Societies, i8mo., 1866; The Bible a Miracle, 8vo., 1872; The Higher Critics, pp. 173, 1881. McDILL, John(A. R.)*: Was born in 1806 in Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1829, studied theology with the Rev. Alex. Porter; was licensed in Dec., 1832, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained June 22, ’35, by Indiana; was pastor near S. Han¬ over, Ind., June, 1835-May, ’38, and died July 27, 1840, from consumption. McDILL, Nathan Caldwell, D. D. (A. R.): Was born in Hopewell, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Centre College, Danville, Ky., in 1848, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in May, 1851,„by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. 23, ’52, by Indiana; was at ordination in¬ stalled pastor of Richland and Milroy, Rush Co., Ind; in ’59 he resigned the latter and still retains the former. Pub¬ lications: Charge to Drs. Carson, McMichael and Moorehead at their inauguration at Xenia in 1873; Coming to Jesus, a tract, by the Board of Publication, 1880. THE MINISTRY. 451 McDILL, Samuel Hampton: Son of Dr. Nathan C.; was born Feb. 20, i860, at Rich¬ land, Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 27, 1886, by Indiana Pres., and ordained Ap. 8, ’87, by Northern Indiana; pastor of Salem, Boone Co., Ind., since ordination. McDonald, David Rentoul: Was born July 10, 1856, in Glasgow, Scotland; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1881; Prof, one year in Grove City College, Mercer Co., Pa., and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1885, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 6, ’85, by the same; pastor at Tarentum, Pa., since or¬ dination. McDonald, George White: Was born Oct. 31, 1851, at Pitmiddle, Perthshire, Scot¬ land; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 27, 1879, by the Allegheny Pres., and ordained July 6, ’80, by the same, and installed pastor of Seventh Ch., Allegheny. McDonald, h. andeeson: Was born Oct. 29, 1839, in Bloomfield, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1866, and studied theol¬ ogy at Xenia; was licensed Dec. 29, 1868, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 14, ’69, by Chartiers; was pastor of Chartiers Cross Roads Oct., 1869-Oct. 15, ’72; Cleveland, O., Dec. 3, 1872-Aug. 30, ’75; Morning Sun, O., June 19, 1877- Ap. 23, ’78; of North Ch., Philadelphia, June ii, 1878-Oct. II, ’81; of York, N. Y., Dec. i, 1881-Dec., ’85; Oxford, O., Jan. 5, 1886- McDOWELL, John Quincy Adams: Was born Nov. 20, 1853, in Worth Township, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1878, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 5, 1881, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Feb. 13, ’82, by Philadelphia; pastor of North Ch., Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 13, 1882-Nov. 28, ’84; 2d New Castle, Pa., since May 5, 1886. McDowell, Nathaniel (A.): Was born July 29, 1821, in Washington Co., Pa.; was 452 THE MINISTRY. graduated at Washington in 1843, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 9, 1846, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained sine July 13, ’47, by the same; pastor of Bethel, Smith Creek and N. Henderson, Ill., 1849-54; Craw- fordsville, la., 1854-65; has retired to Indianola, la. McDowell, Oswele Gifford: Was born in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westmin¬ ster in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Jan. I, 1884, Mercer Pres., and ordained in May, ’85, by Wheeling; pastor at Harrisville, O., May, 1885-Oct. 6, ’86; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at New Bethlehem, Clarion Co., Pa. McEACHRON, George Mairs (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 3, 1826, in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1848, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed June 30, 1851, by Washington Pres., and ordained Jan. II, ’53, by New York; was pastor at Mongaup, Sulli¬ van Co., N. Y., 1853-’8; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch. and was pastor in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1858-’66; joined the Presby¬ terian Ch. and was pastor of a churcb in New York city for a few years, and remained without a charge until his death in July, 1884. McEACHRON, Wileard Scoueeer: Was born Mar. 17, 1854, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated in 1878 at Princeton, and studied theology at Princeton; was licensed May 3, 1881, by Argyle Pres., and ordained Dec. 27, ’81, by the same; pastor of Hebron, Wash¬ ington Co., N. Y., since ordination. McELHENNY, George: Was born Mar. 27, 1810, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Darlington Academy, and studied theology privately; was licensed-by the Free Presbyterian Pres, of Mahoning, and ordained Sept. 30, ’50; was S. S. in different Free Pres¬ byterian Churches; joined the United Presbyterian Ch. about 1870; supplied for a time, and is retired at Darlington, Pa. McELHENNY, Wieeiam G. (A.)*: Was graduated at Jefferson in 1846, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1850, by Shenango Pres., THE MINISTRY. 453 and ordained May lo, ’55, by New York; was pastor in Ho¬ boken, N. J., from his ordination until his death, May 20, i860. McELRBE, Edward Newton: Was born June 6, 1838, in Harrisville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 7, 1862, by Butler Pres., and ordained June 16, ’63, by the same; pastor at Freeport, Pa., 1863-Ap., ’74; at Irwin, Westmoreland Co., Oct. 19, 1875- Ap. 8, > 79; at Neshannock and Oak Grove, Lawrence Co., June 24, 1879-Feb. 6, ’85; Beaver Falls, Ap. 14, 1886- McELREE, John C. *: Was born Aug. 12, 1835, in Harrisville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 29, 1867, by Butler Pres., and ordained May 5, ’69, by the same; pastor at East Unity and Clintonville, Venango Co., Pa., from ordination till Sept. 22, ’85; Grove City, Pa., Nov. 18, 1885, until death, Ap. 5, 1886. McELROY, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born near Newville, Pa., Dec. 29, 1792; was graduated at Jefferson in 1812, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed June 19, 1816, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 6, by the same; pastor of the First Asso. Ref. Ch. of Pittsburgh, Nov., i8T6-Jan. 14, ’24; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of the Scotch Ch., New York city. May, 1824, ^mtil his death. Sept. 16, 1876. McELWEE, William (A. R.): Was educated at Princeton, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Sept. 25, 1857, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 10, ’58, by Big Spring; was installed at Gettysburg and Chambersburg, Pa., Nov., ’58; resigned the latter Sept, ii, ’61, and the former Ap. 10, ’63; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; was pastor in Philadelphia for a few years, and is at Bowling Green, O., but not in the ministry. McELWEE, William Meek, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Ap. i, 1802, in York Co., S. C.; was graduated at the College of South Carolina in 1820, and studied theol- 454 THE MINISTRY. ogy with the Rev. J. Miishat for a year and finished at Can- onsburg; was licensed Aug. 3, 1825, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was ordained Ap. 5, ’27, by the same; was pastor of Tirzah and Sharon, York Co., S. C., Ap., 1827-Oct., ’32; took charge of King’s Creek (now Frankfort), and Service, in Beaver Co., Pa., in Mar., ’33; resigned the latter in July, ’51, and continued to serve the former until July, ’78, when he retired from active labor after a pastoral service of fifty-three years, and died June i, 1886, at Frankford Springs, Pa. Publications: Two Sermons in the Asso. Ref. Pulpit, Vol. IV.; The Memoirs of Drs. J. Ramsey, A. Ander¬ son and T. Beveridge, and a large number of articles in the Evangelical Repository. McEWEN, James (A. R.)*: Was born in 1801 in Crieff, Perthshire, Scotland; was aca¬ demically educated in Philadelphia, and studied theology at Princeton; was ordained, sine titulo^ Ap. 24, ’34, by Phila¬ delphia (Presbyterian). In 1834 the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York resolved to engage in the work of Foreign Mis¬ sions, but not feeling able to maintain a station alone it was agreed to cooperate for the present with “The Western For¬ eign Missionary Society,” a local society of the Presbyterian Ch. with headquarters at Pittsburgh. The Synod was to select the missionary and support him as far as possible, and the Society to supplement. Mr. McEwen joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York, and was chosen as the missionary. He and his wife sailed on the i6th of Nov., 1835, in company with the Rev. Mr. Campbell, of the Ref. Presbyterian Ch. (N. S.), and Messrs. Winslow and Dwight, of the Ceylon Mission. This missionary band commenced their work im¬ mediately at sea by keeping up daily religious service, which resulted in such a revival of religion that there were but few sailors aboard the ship who remained unconverted when they arrived at Calcutta. Mr. McEwen located at Allahabad, and met with immediate success in the gathering of a school and the early organization of a church of thirteen members from among those who were employed by the Government and could speak the English language. The climate was not suited to his constitution, and he was able to remain only a THE MINISTRY. 455 little over a year, when his health failed so completely that it was with great difficulty he could get out of the country. He arrived home in 1838, resigned his appointment, spent a year in Scotland recuperating, and then joined the Presbyte¬ rian Ch., and was pastor at Delhi, N. Y., until his death. Mar. II, 1845, from consumption. McFarland, a. boyd c. : Was born in Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1878, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 10, ’78, by Butler; pastor of Fairview, Butler Co., Pa., since ordination. McFarland, henry cowan (a. r.): Was born Dec. 4, 1823, Shirland, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1848, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 26, 1851, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’53, by the same; was pastor of Miffiin, Allegheny Co., Ap., 1853-Nov. 3, ’57; installed over East Liberty and Hebron June 22, ’58; released from the latter June 28, ’64, and from the former Ap. ii, ’65; was for a few years S. S. at Verona. Now without charge at Pittsburgh because of infirm health. McFarland, John (A. R.)*: Was graduated at Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., in 1808, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason; was licensed Aug. 23, 1812, by the Pres, of Kentucky, and ordained June 28, ’14, by the same; was pastor of Chillicothe, O., June, 1814-Ap. 10, ’18. When the Synod of Scioto left the General Synod and organized as the Synod of the West, he declined the new organization, joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1820, and was pastor at Paris, Bourbon Co., Ky., June 13, ’20, until his death, July 28, 1828. McFarland, James Wilson (A.): Brother of the Rev. Dr. William H.; was born at New Athens, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Canonsbnrg; was licensed Oct. 2, 1854, by Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 24, ’57, by Richland; was pastor of Wooster, O., 1857-62; was chaplain all through the civil war; S. S. at Jefferson, Allegheny Co., 1866-8; Irwin 456 THE MINISTRY. Station and Bethel, Westmoreland Co., 1869-71; is nowin California without charge. McFarland, Wieuam Henderson, D. D. : Was born June 14, 1832, near New Athens, O.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in June, 1857, ^7 Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Jan. 7, ’60, by the same; pastor at Cambridge, O., since ordination; was chaplain of the 97th Ohio volunteers for three years during the civil war, and was in twenty-eight battles. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. McGAW, James Alexander Porter, D. D. (A. R.): Was born in Fairhaven, Preble county, O., Feb. 4, 1835. The next autumn his parents moved to Oquawka, Ill., where they died, and he was reared by his uncle, Daniel M. Gor¬ don. He was graduated at Miami in 1856, and studied the¬ ology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1857, ^7 F'irst Ohio, and ordained Aug. 3, ’58, by the Second Asso. Ref. of Illi¬ nois; was pastor at S. Henderson, Ill., Aug., 1858-Feb., ’67; was Prof, of English Literature in Monmouth College 1867- ’8; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Urbana, Ohio, and in Rock Island, Ill., and is now at Toledo, O. McGEE, Levi: Was ordained Aug. 18, 1874, by the Wesleyan Methodist Church; joined the United Presbyterian Ch., in 1883, sup¬ plied Austin, etc., Mich., 1883-’5; Pastor of Chikaskia, Kan., Nov. 19, 1885-Sept. 28, ’86. McGIBBON, Andrew W. : Was born March 30, 1838, in Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1865, by Mon¬ mouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 25, ’66, by Bloomington; was pastor of Berlin, Sangamon Co., Ill., Ap., 1866-Sept., ’68; at New Kingston, Delaware Co., N. Y., May, 1870-Dec. 25, ’83; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and in 1886, the Presby¬ terian; is at Wappinger’s Falls, N. Y. McGILL, Alexander Taggart, D. D. LL. D. (A.): Was born at Canonsburg, Pa., Feb. 24, 1807; gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1826, and remained as tutor for two THE MINISTRY. 457 years; studied law at Milledgeville, Ga., and was admitted to the bar of Georgia, in 1830; in 1831 commenced the study of theology at Canonsburg, and was licensed by the Asso. Pres., of Philadelphia June 24, ’34; was ordained by the same Sept. 29, ’35, as pastor of Carlisle and Unity; resigned Nov. 2, ’37; in Oct., ’38, joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor of the Second Pres. Ch., of Carlisle 1838-42; Prof, in the Presbyterian Theo. Sem., in Allegheny, Pa., 1842-’52; transferred to the Theo. Sem. at Columbia, S. C., 1852; returned to Allegheny 1853, and was transferred to the Theo. Sem. at Princeton, N. J., in 1854, where he still re¬ mains. Publications: Numerous Special Sermons and Ad¬ dresses, and newspaper and magazine articles. McGILL, David Frazier: Was born March 22, 1857, West Alexander, Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 12, 1883, by Char- tiers Pres., and ordained Ap. 21, ’85, by Allegheny; pastor of 6th Church, Allegheny, since ordination. McGILU, James (A. R.)*: Was most probably reared in eastern Pennsylvania; was graduated at Dickinson in 1794, and studied theology pri¬ vately; was licensed by the First Pres, of Pennsylvania, and joined the Second Pres, of the Carolinas as a probationer Ap. 8, 1801, and was by it ordained in May, 1802; was pas¬ tor of Little River and Rocky Springs, in Abbeville District, S. C., May, 1802-’7. He was suspended in 1806 for “cer¬ tain misdemeanors,” that is, domestic difficulties, but Synod sustained his appeal and restored him. He was a weak man, neither apt to teach nor useful as a pastor, yet excepting his domestic difficulties his character was never tarnished. He probably labored under partial derangement, which resulted in his separation from his wife and his leaving the ministry\ In 1807 he went west, settled in Ohio, lived as a recluse, and died about 1830 unknown to the world around him. McGILL, James (A.)*: Was born in 1812 in Scotland; was graduated at the West¬ ern University in 1832, and studied theology at Canonsburg; 29 458 THE MINISTRY. was licensed July 20, 1836, by Shenango Pres., and ordained in Sept., ’38, by Muskingum; was pastor in Cambridge, O., 1838-47; in Cleveland, O., i849-’6i; of Stamford, Canada West, 1863-’73; of Croswell, Sanilac Co., Mich., from 1873 until his death, Aug. 8, 1887. Publications: An Address before the Students of Muskingum College, 1842; An Ad¬ dress before the Literary Societies of Franklin College, 1843; A Sermon on Benevolence before the St. Andrew’s Society, of Cleveland, 1851; An Efficient Ministry, an address before the Xenia Theological Seminary, 1857. McGILL, John A. (A.): Was born near McAlevy’s Fort, Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson and Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 30, 1850, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 7, ’51, by Ohio; was pastor of Four Mile, Beaver Co., 1851-Nov., ’53; was six years Principal of Beaver Academy, during five of which he was S. S. for the Beaver congregation, which he had organized; pastor of Eleventh St., New York, May 28, 1861-March 30, ’64; of Tuscarora and Concord, Pa., Ap. 26, 1865-Sept. 29, ’85, removed to Dalton, Ga., on account of climate. MacHATTON, Alexander (A.)*: Was born Feb. 12, 1817, in Scott Co., Ky; was graduated at South Hanover in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 30, 1846, by Miami Pres., and ordained in Sept., ’60, by Northern Indiana; pastor of La Porte, Ind., Sept., 1850-Aug., ’53; pastor of Morea, Crawford Co., Ill., July, 1861-April 4, ’77; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in April, ’79, and died in Morea, Aug. 7, 1884. MacHATTON, Hugh (A.): Brother of the Rev. Alex.; was born January 19, 1825, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at South Hanover, Ind., in 1851, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in 1855 by the Pres, of Miami, and ordained by the same in ’58 sine titulo; spent a number of years in the missionary field of Ill. and Minn.; was pastor of Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O., autumn of 1867-Ap. 2; ’72; pastor of West Bethel, Crawford Co., Ill., since Sept. 17, 1874. THE MINISTRY. 459 MacHATTON, Joseph (A. R.): Brother of Alex.; was born in Greene Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at South Hanover and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1854, by the Springfield Pres., and ordained Nov. 6, ’55, by Sidney; was pastor of Bellefontaine, O., Nov., 1855-Ap., ’59; of Hopewell, Preble Co., O., June 4, 1861- Ap., 7, ’75; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and has charge of a congregation at Bloom, Ill. McHENRY, David Smith (A.): Was born July 28, 1823, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1845, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 13, 1849, Chartiers Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Nov. 10, ’50, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Com¬ merce and Nankin, Mich., May, i852-Jan.,’57; of York and Covington, N. Y., May, 1858-Nov. 15, ’64; he had been sent by his Presbytery to serve for a season under the Chris¬ tian Commission in the army on the James River, and con¬ tracted a low malarial fever which disqualified him for pas¬ toral labors; was pastor of lyansingville, Delaware Co., N. Y., 1867-Oct.; ’75, when broken health induced him to go to Santa Ana, Cal., where he organized a church and took charge of it for two years; was S. S. at Roseville, Placer Co., Cal., for a time; and then retired to Santa Ana. McIDFATRICK, John (A.): Was received in Oct., 1855, by the Albany Pres, as a licen¬ tiate from the Presbyterian Ch. of Canada; was ordained, titulo^ Sept. 2, ’56, by Ohio Pres., and declined to enter the union of 1858. McINNIS, T. G. (A. R.): Was educated and ordained in the Presbyterian Ch.; sup¬ plied the pulpit of the Thirteenth Street Asso. Ref. congre¬ gation, Philadelphia, during the winter of 1821-2; joined the Pres, of Philadelphia (A. R.) in Ap., 1822; went with his congregation and Presbytery into the union of May, 1822, and died in that relation Aug. 26, 1824. McJIMSEY, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: W^''bbftr'Aug. 18, 1772, near Gettysburg, Adams Co., Pa.; made a profession of religion when only fifteen years old; was 460 THE MINISTRY. graduated at Dickinson in 1792, and studied theology under the direction of his pastor, the Rev. Alex. Dobbin, and also of the Rev. John Smith, of Octoraro; was licensed in May, 1794, by the First Pres, of Pennsylvania. He spent the fol¬ lowing autumn and winter in Kentucky, and the summer of 1795 in the State of New York, where he was solicited to settle, but declined, as he had resolved to make Kentucky the field of his labor, to which he also had a call. In passing through New York city, on his return to the West, he was attacked by yellow fever and brought to the very brink of the grave. Having been carefully nursed in the family of Dr. J. M. Mason, the well-known Mrs. Isabella Graham kindly said to him on parting: “I wish you all prosperity, and affliction^ too^ when necessary.” He was ordained Dec. 24, 1795, by the Presbytery that had licensed him. It was now too late in the season to cross the mountains, and the Pres, revoked his appointment and sent him to Orange Co., N. Y., where he soon received a unanimous call, and was installed Dec. 22, 1796, as pastor of Neelytown. In 1802 he organized Gra¬ ham’s Ch., ten miles distant, out of a wing of his congrega¬ tion, and served the two on alternate Sabbaths. He resigned Oct. 18, 1809, and was installed July 13, ’10, as pastor of the Asso. Ref. Ch. of Albany, N. Y., and so remained till Oct. 7, ’13. He opened a classical school in Albany for two years; was Principal of the Academy in Poughkeepsie 1815-’19; Nov., 1819, he took charge of the Academy of Montgomeiy^, Orange Co., and at the same time became S. S. to his old congregations of Neelytown and Graham’s Ch. In the spring of ’32 he gave up his connection with the Academy and with Neelytown and was installed as pastor of Graham’s Ch., where he remained until his death. He died in the harness, for he preached regularly and performed pastoral labors to the last. He kept up his habits of study, and wrote carefully and mem¬ orized his sermons when eighty years of age. He had a great grief during a large part of his life, for his wife had been de¬ prived of her reason for ver}" many years, although she recov¬ ered it a short time before she died, at the age of seventy- seven; and one of his sons, educated for the ministry, inherited his mother’s infirmity. He went to Newburgh to THE MINISTRY. 461 attend a meeting of the Presbytery and was taken with a vio¬ lent attack of cholera morbus, which terminated his life Ang. 26, 1854, after he had preached the gospel for sixty years. He possessed a good mind, well stored and finely cultured. His sermons were always interesting because of the richness of their matter, the chasteness of their style and the earnest¬ ness of their delivery. His manners were plain and simple, and at the same time dignified, even courtly. His whole life was one of great consistency, purity and Christian elevation. Publications: He published sermons under the titles: The Christian’s Hope of Immortality; Sin and Death, or Grace and Life; The World no Equivalent for the Loss of the Soul; The Christian’s Privilege and Duty; also a sermon occasioned by the death of his wife. McKAY, Daniee Graham: Was born July 12, 1847, at Pardoe, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1872, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 7, ’74, by First New York Pres., and ordained May 15, ’76, by Caledonia; pastor at Franklin- ville, N. Y., May, ’76-Sep., ’87; E. Salem, N. Y., since Oct, 1887. McKEE, Edward: Was born Ap. 14, 1843, Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1871, and studied theology at Princeton and Newburgh; was licensed in Ap., 1874, by Del¬ aware Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’77, by Chillicothe; pastor of Unity, in Adams Co., O., Ap. 12, 1877-Dec. 8, ’85; Marissa, Ill., Dec. 31, 1885- McKEE, James A. (A.): Was born Dec. 22, 1828, at West Alexander, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1849, studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 5, 1852, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’54, by Northern Illinois; was pastor of Wheatland, Will Co., Ill., 1854-Ap., ’59; pastor of Wheeling, Washington Co., Pa,, Aug. 9, 1860-Sept. 13, ’87. McKEE, James P. : Brother of Joseph G.; was born June 27, 1843, near Hills¬ borough, county Down, Ireland; united with the church when fourteen 3^ears old, and came to Mercer Co., U. S., in 1861; 462 THE MINISTRY. was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 15, 1870, by Lake Pres., and ordained to the foreign missionary work Sept. 20, ’70, by the same; sailed on the 5th of the following Nov., and has labored principally at Gujranwala, Northern India. McKEE, John Shields: Was born June 22, 1850, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1870, and studied theology three years at Allegheny and one year in the Free Church College, Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed June 24, 1873, by Monon- gahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’75, by Butler; pastor at East Brady Oct., 1875-80; ist Mercer Jan. 18, i88i-Aug. 26, ’84; Butler, Pa., Jan. 20, 1885- McKEE, Joseph (A.): Was born Nov. 27, 1811, near Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1832, and studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1836, by Musk¬ ingum Pres., and ordained in Sept, ’37, by the same; was installed pastor of Wooster and Dalton, O., Sept, ’37, and released from the latter in ’41, and from the former in ’49; was appointed by Synod to go with James P. Miller as mis¬ sionaries to Oregon, but the funds proving insufficient for both, he declined; was pastor of West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., Mar. 20, 1851-July i, ’57; S. S. at Duncannon, Tuscarora and Concord, Pa., 1857-Ap., ’64; pastor of Ne¬ braska City and connections, Otoe Co., Neb., 1869-Ap. 26, ’72; his health having failed he moved to California, and sinse Aug., 1878, has been a teacher in the Chinese Mission School at Los Angeles. McKEE, Joseph G. *: Was born in 1832 in Ireland; was graduated at Westmin¬ ster in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 2, 1862, by Lake Pres., and ordained Sept. 9, ’63, by Mercer. On the 13th of Oct, ’63, in connection with the Rev. M. M. Brown and several teachers, he inaugurated a mission to the Freedmen of Nashville, Tenn., under the care of the Presby¬ teries of Chillicothe, Xenia and First Ohio. This station came under the care of the Freedmen’s Board, and Mr. Me- THE MINISTRY. 463 Kee continued to be its Superintendent until his death, Sept. 25, 1868. The Board announced his death to the General Assembly in the following terms: “The members of the Board unanimously testify to his great purity as a Christian and his eminent usefulness as a laborer in this part of Christ’s vineyard. Indeed, we have never seen him surpassed as an efficient worker, while his power to plan and see his way out of embarrassing difficulties was extraordinary.” McKEE, SamueIv Ewing (A. R.): Was born Sept. 26, 1826, in Allegheny Co., P.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1851, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1856, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained May 13, ’57, by Ee Claire; pastor at Ee Claire Prairie and Port Byron, la., 1857-Ap., 59; was tutor in Jefferson Col¬ lege 1851-’3; has devoted his time principally to teaching, and is now so engaged in Washington, Iowa. McKEE, Samuel Irwin*: Was born in 1839 in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1866, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 29, ’68, by Delaware; was pastor of Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., Sept, i868-Ap. 26, ’70; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died in Washington, Pa., Aug. 17, 1885. McKEE, Thomas Boston: Was born in Wooster, Wayne Co., O., Ap. 5, 1844; was graduated at the Ohio Central College in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1873, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Sept. 21, ’75, by Southern Illinois; was pastor at Jordan’s Grove, Ill., Sept, 1875-Aug. 22, ’76; at DeKalb, Crawford Co., O., June 22, 1879-Sept., ’80; at Summerset, la., June 20, i88i-Jan. ’87. McKEE, William Henry: Was born in 1850 in Edinburgh, Scotland; was educated at Rutgers College, and studied theology in New York city; was licensed Ap. 10, 1871, by the Baptist Association of New York city, and ordained June 17, ’74, by the Bap. Asso., of Oswego, N. Y.; joined the United Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Hoboken, N. J., Oct. 17, 1878-May, 13, ’79; passed 464 THE MINISTRY. Aug. 2, ’81, to the Presbyterian Ch., and was suspended by its Des Moines Presbytery in 1887, for contumacy. McKEE, William Raltson: Brother of James A., was born Sept. 13, 1832, in Ohio Co., West Va.; was graduated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 19, 1859, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’60, by Argyle; was pastor at West Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., Sept., 1860-Sept., ’67; pastor of Robinson, Washington Co., Pa., since Oct. 18, ’69. Publication: Historical Sketch of Robinson Congre¬ gation, 1875; The Duty of Church Members to Support the Church, 1878. Me KELVEY, Joseph: Was born Sept. 15, 1836, in Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1863, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed in May, 1866, by Mercer Pres., and ordained June 20, ’67, by Kansas; was missionary to China i868-’7o; was located in Leavenworth, Kan., under the care of the Board of Freedmen’s Mission for three and a half years, and pastor of Fairview, Mitchel Co., Kan., June 14, 1878-June 26, ’81; Idana, Kan., Feb. 25, 1882-Jan. i, ’83; Oakland and Kings Creek, W. Va., Feb.4, 1885,-resign¬ ing Oakland Ap. 12, ’87. McKELVEY, Theodore Cameron: Was born July 17, 1854, near Coultersville, Randolph Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1880, by Southern Illi¬ nois Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’80, by the same; pastor of Cutler, Perry Co., Ill., Sept. 7, 1880-June 20, ’83; S. S. Grand Avenue, St. Louis, 1883-5; pastor at Morning Sun, la.. Sept. I, 1885- MacKENZIE, William A.: Was born May 14, 1836, near Wellsville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1863, by Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 5, ’65, by Allegheny; pastor of Sewickley, Alle¬ gheny Co., Ap., 1865-June 13, ’71; of Salem, N. Y., since Nov. 14, 1871. Publication: History of the United Presby¬ terian Church of Salem, N. Y., pp. 45, 1876. THE MINISTRY. 465 MACKEY, John Crawford: Was educated and licensed by the Reformed Presbyterians (Gen. Syd.) and ordained Feb. 20, 1880, by their Northern Presbytery, pastor of Whitinsville, Mass., (United Presby¬ terian) Ap. 24, 1883-July 30, ’84; Jane St, New York, Oct 7, ’1884-Mar. 5, ’85; deposed for immorality in 1887. McKINLAY, Duncan Murray: Was born Feb. 6, 1852, in York, Livingston Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 28, 1880, by Caledonia Pres., and ordained March 18, ’84, by Vermont; pastor of Barnet, Vt, since ordination. McKinney, william a., (a. r.)*: Was born in Orange Co., N. Y.; was academically edu¬ cated, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 16, 1837, by New York Pres., and ordained in ’38 by the same; served the congregation in Buffalo, N. Y., for a sea¬ son; was pastor of the Second Asso. Ref. Ch., Pittsburgh, Pa., Ap. 23, 1840-N0V. 19, ’40; called to Puckety, Alle- gyeny Co., Pa., where he died in the summer of 1842. McKINSTRY, Matthew (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 30, 1803, near Mexico, in Juniata Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1832, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1835, by Mon- ongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 27, ’36, by the same; was pastor of Bethesda and Laurel Hill, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Ap., 1836-Aug. 19, ’45; took charge of McKeesport in ’57, but ill health compelled him to give up in ’61. When not in the pastorate, because of much ill health, he tried by sup¬ erintending the county schools, and in every other way possi¬ ble, to make himself useful, for he was a man of good ability devoted to his work. He died Dec. 10, 1872. McKIRAHAN, Joseph (A.)*: Was born Aug. 12, 1812, near St. Clairsville, O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in 1846 by Muskingum Pres., and ordained April 23, ’50, by Cambridge; was pastor of E. Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y., Ap., 1850-May 24, ’54; was two 466 THE MINISTRY. years S. S. in Michigan; was pastor of New Jefferson and New Market, Harrison Co., O., 1856-Sept. 8, ’63; he preached as his health would permit for a few years in the vacancies of his Presbytery, and when he could no longer travel he pro¬ cured a hand printing press with the design of writing and printing sermons for children, so thoroughly was his heart set upon preaching the gospel. During the greater part of his life he suffered much from rheumatism, and finally be¬ came so crippled as to be scarcely able to move. He died in Glencoe, O., Nov. 19, 1873. McKIRAHAN, Matthew Foster: Nephew of Joseph; was born Jan. 23, 1847, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Geneva College, O., in 1873; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1875, by Sidney Pres., and ordained May 30, ’76, by Monmouth; pastor at Alexis, Warren Co., Ill., May 30, 1876-Aug. 27, ’82; S. S. in Topeka, Kan., Sept., 1882, and pastor, June 15, ’86. Publication: An Anniversary Sermon, 1880. McKIRAHAN, William: Brother of M. F.; was born in 1845 near St. Clairsville, O.; was graduated at Geneva College, O., in 1873, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1875, by Sidney Pres., and ordained Nov. 14, 1876, by Conemaugh; pastor of Conemaugh and Jacksonville, Indiana Co., Pa., from ordina¬ tion till Sept. II, 1882; Hookstown, Pa., Jan. 15, 1884- McKITRICK, Been S. : Was born in Londonderry, O., Aug. 9, 1850; was grad¬ uated at Miami in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 12, 1874, by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained June 15, ’75, by Allegheny; pastor of Third Ch., Allegheny City, since ordination. McKiTRICK, Joseph M. : Was born near Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1868, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth; was licensed in Ap., 1870, by Bloomington Pres., and ordained Nov. 2, ’70, by W. Missouri; pastor of Greenwood, Mo., 1870-Oct. 15, ’73; of Prosperity, in Southern Ill., Nov. 20, 1873-Sept. 15, ’80; of Knoxville, la., Nov. 18, i88o-Ap. ii-’ 83; Chapmanville, Kan., Sept, ii, 1884. THE MINISTRY. 467 McKNIGHT, David Kennedy: Was born Aug. 13, 1846, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad- duated at Washington and Jefferson in 1867, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed June 28, 1870, by Monon- gahela Pres., and ordained July 9, ’72, by Frankfort; was installed at ordination over Clinton and Mt. Gilead, Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa.; released from the latter Oct. 21, ’74, and the former. Sept. 21, ’86. McKNIGHT, James (A. R.)*: Was born in eastern Pennsylvania Feb. 5, 1870; was grad¬ uated at Dickinson in 1792, and studied theology privately, mainly with Mr. Dobbin, of Gettysburg, Pa.; was licensed Ap. 3, 1794, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained in ’97 by the Pres, of the Carolinas and Georgia; pastor of Coddle Creek, Iredell Co., N. C., from his ordination until his death Sept. 17, 1831. McKNIGHT, James Carlisle (A. R.): Was born Sept. 24, 1826, near Cochranton, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa., in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 19, 1852, by Take Pres., and ordained June 10, ’56, by Second Illinois; was pastor of Spring Grove, Ill., June 1856- Mar., ’60; has been S. S. in different places in the west. McLACHLAN, Alexander: Was born July 10, 1843, Kilninver, Argyleshire, Scot¬ land, and reared in Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1870, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 26, 1871, by Delaware Pres., and ordained Ap. 15, ’73, by Chartiers; pastor of S. Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa., since ordination. McLACHLAN, Donald: Brother of Alexander; was born July 29, 1841, in Kilnin¬ ver, Argyleshire, Scotland, and reared in Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1867, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in Sept, ’69, by Delaware Presby¬ tery, and ordained Oct. 10, ’72, by Wisconsin; pastor of Rock Prairie, Rock Co., Wis., July i, 1875-Mar. 31, ’86. 468 THE MINISTRY. McLANE, Daniel Webster: Was born June 22, 1837, in Indiana Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 6, 1865, by Mon¬ mouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 16, ’66, by the same; pastor at Biggsville, Ill., i866-’8; at Mahoning and connections, Armstrong Co., Pa., Ap. 15, 1871-Mar. 10, ’75; of New Flor¬ ence and West Fairfield, Westmoreland Co., June 10, 1876- July 31, ’80; Pratt Creek, la., 1883. McEAREN, Donald Campbell D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in New York city Oct. 2, 1794, and spent his boyhood mainly in Onondaga Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1813; taught school for two years, and studied theology for four years in New York under Dr. Mason: was licensed in the spring of 1819 by Saratoga Pres., and or¬ dained Jan. 26, ’20, by Washington; was pastor of Cambridge, N. Y., 1820-’6; of Caledonia, N. Y., autumn, 1826-July ’52, and then lived in Geneva, N. Y., until his death. May 7th, 1882. Publications: The Boa Constrictor, or Fourier Asso¬ ciations Exposed, 1844; Cupful of Truth to the Cup-bearers of Drunkenness, a poem, pp. 24, 1845; ^ pamphlet on Psalmody and another on Usury; a Metrical Version of the Book of Psalms. McLaren, John Finlay, D. D. (A. R.)*: Brother of Dr. Donald; was born Feb. 7, 1803, at Manlius, Onondaga Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1825, studied theology at Princeton; was licensed June 26, 1828, by Caledonia Pres., and ordained Jan. 7, ’30, by the same; was pastor at Geneva, N. Y., Jan., 1830-Ap., ’45; at Hagerstown, Md., Ap., 1845-Ap., ’46; First Asso. Ref., Pittsburgh, May 5, 1846-March 25, ’51; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was agent of the Board of Missions till 1856; President of the Western University, Pittsburgh, 1856-’9; Chaplain of the Tenth Reg., Pennsylvania Reserves, 1862-’64; supplied churches in Michigan 1867-’74; was editor of the Christian Magazine^ organ of the Asso. Ref. Synod of New York, pub¬ lished at Geneva, 1832-43. Died Mar. 14, 1883, at Prince¬ ton, N. J. Publications: Quite a number of sermons and addresses in addition to his magazine articles and editorials. THE MINISTRY. 469 McLaren, Malcolm Neil, D. D. (A. R.)*: Brother of Dr. Donald; was born July i, 1799, in Albany, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1824, studied theology at Princeton and privately; was licensed June 6, 1826, by Washington Pres., and ordained Aug. 30, ’27, by Saratoga; was pastor in Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y., 1827-’33; of Hamptonburg, Orange Co., N. Y., 1833-’43; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; pastor of First Ch., Rochester, 1843-7; then of the Central Dutch Ch., Brooklyn, 1847-’9; Dutch Ch., in Newburgh 1850-’9; of the Presbyterian Ch. in Caledonia i860-’71, and retired to Auburn, N. Y., where he died July 2, 1887. MacLAREN, William, D. D. (A. R.): Was born in Perthshire, Scotland, and spent much of his youth in Montgomery Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1831, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in May, 1836, by Saratoga Pres., and ordained in Sept, of the same year by New York; was pastor of Franklin St. Ch., New York city. Sept, 1836-May 30, ’54; of Pearl St, Fall River, Mass., Oct, 1854-’66; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; was President of “Ohio Central College,” at Iberia, from which he retired in 1877, and resides with his son, the Rev. Robert F., in St. Paul, Minn. McLaren, william Stevenson (A. R.)*: Son of Dr. Donald; was born July 8, 1824, in Cambridge, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1843, studied theology at Allegheny, Newburgh and Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed in the summer of 1848 by Caledonia Pres., and or¬ dained July 17, ’50, by the same; was pastor of Geneva, N. Y., July, 1850-Dec. 14, ’52; of Caledonia, N. Y., Ap. 19, 1853-Sept. 8, 1870; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and died at Santa Barbara, Cal., July 12, 1874, of consumption. MacLAUGHLAN, James (A. R.): Was born Ap. 10, 1831, in Londonderry, Ireland; was edu¬ cated at Belfast; came to the U. S. in 1849, studied the¬ ology at Newburgh; was licensed in May, 1854, by New York Pres., and ordained Sept. 12 of the same year, by the same; was pastor at Thompsonville, Conn., Sept., 1854-’8; returned 470 THE MINISTRY. to Ireland on account of his health; was pastor of the Second Ramelton congregation in the Irish Presbyterian Ch. spring of 1859-Oct., ’71; was sent out by his church to Canada, and by the Chatham Pres., Can., to supply in the Scotch Ch. in Chicago, Ill., where he was pastor July, 1872-82. He and his congregation were transferred to the Presbyterian Ch. of the U. S. Is pastor at Argyle, Ill. McLAUGHLAN, Wietiam Fay: Was born Jan. 31, 1840, in Kells, county Antrim, Ireland^ was educated at Griswold College, la., and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1880, by Cedar Rapids Pres., and ordained July 22, ’80, by the same; pastor of Gar¬ ner, la., July 22, 1880-Sept. 26, ’82. MCLAUGHLIN, Samuel R. : Was born Feb. 20, i860, at Clifton, la.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 6, 1885, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Oct. 26, ’86, by Le Claire; pastor at Elvira, la., since ordination. McLAURY, Thomas C. (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 19, 1805, in Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1828, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in Sept., 1831, by Saratoga Pres., and after teaching several years was ordained Sept. 23, ’36, by New York; was pastor of White Lake, Sullivan Co., N. Y., 1836-Ap., ’42; of Cambridge, N. Y., May 30, 1842-July 21, ’52; accepted a call to Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., where he died, Jan. 6, 1853, during the very week he was to have been installed. McLEAN, Charles G., D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1787 in county Armagh, Ireland, and came to the U. S. in 1797 with his step-father, the Rev. Dr. James Gray; was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1808, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason; was licensed in the spring of 1812 by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained in the spring of ’14 by the same; was pastor at Get¬ tysburg, Pa., 1814-’42. He and his congregation went with their Presbytery into the Presbyterian Ch. at the union of 1822, but sympathizing with Dr. John M. Duncan in his THE MINISTRY. 471 trouble, joined him and Dr. John Chambers in the formation of an Independent Presbytery in 1825, with which he re¬ mained until 1842, when he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and had charge of a church in Baltimore for two years; was pastor of the Ref. Dutch Ch. at Fort Plain, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 1844-’51, and then Principal of a Female Seminary in Indi¬ anapolis, Ind,, where he died, July 4, i860. He was a man of good abilities, and, except in the matter of the expediency of creeds and confessions, preached with mnch fullness and faithfulness the same old Gospel he had been taught in his youth. MckEAN^ D ANiELiA.)*: Was born Sept. 10, 1771, in Lancaster Co., Pa.; was edu¬ cated at the Canonsburg Academy, the predecessor of Jeffer¬ son College, and studied theolog}^ with Dr. John Anderson at Service for six years; was licensed in Sept., 1799, by the Pres, of Pennsylvania. The Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania at its meeting in Philadelphia iffMay, 1800, resolved that at its next regular meeting, to be held in the same city. May 20, 1801, it would constitute as the Associate Synod of North America, and it also ordained that Messrs. J. Smith, J. Anderson and R. Laing, with ruling elders, should meet at Canonsburg, on Monday, the 23d of June, 1800, to perform all necessary pres- byterial work, and particularly to ordain Ebenezer Hender¬ son, and to make provision for the ordination of William Wilson at Monture, etc. When the Synod met in 1801 it designated this organization as the Pres, of Chartiers. Mr. McLean was ordained in the autumn or winter of 1800 by Chartiers Pres, while in this incipient state of organization, and was installed Jan. i, 1802, pastor of Shenango and Sandy Creek, which covered considerable territory in Mercer and Crawford counties. Pa., including Greenville. In the au¬ tumn of 1840 he resigned all but Shenango, and was released from it May i, 1855. Died June 5, 1856. McLEAN, Daniel (A.)*: Was born Feb. 2, 1792, in Washington Co., Pa.; was edu¬ cated at Jefferson, and studied theology for a time with his uncle, the Rev. Daniel McLean, of Shenango, and finished 472 THE MINISTRY. with Dr. Ramsay; was licensed Aug. 20, 1823, Pres., and ordained in Dec., ’24, by Chartiers; installed pastor of Bloomfield, Cambridge and Londonderry, O., in Dec., ’24; after three years resigned Londonderry, and then Cambridge in ’37, and finally Bloomfield in ’54; was settled near Du¬ buque, and then Keokuk, la., and died Sept, i, i860, while on a visit to Bloomfield. McLKAN, DanieIv Henry Anderson, D. D. (A.): Son of the first Rev. Daniel; was born Ap. 5, 1816, at She- nango, in Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1836, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 4, 1840, by Shenango Pres., and ordained Sept. 2, ’41, by the same; was installed pastor of Mercer and Salem, Mercer Co., at ordination; in the spring of ’45 he resigned Mercer and gave all his time to the other branch, which was now divided into three congregations. West Greenville, Kinsman and Delaware, until May, ’52; was S. S. at Verona in ’57; in¬ stalled over Beaver and Four Mile in ’61; resigned the latter in ’66, and the former in Ap., ’68; was Prof, of Mathematics in Westminster Ap., 1852-’6; Principal of Pittsburgh High School Sept., 1856-Sept., ’59; Assistant editor of the United Presbyterian Jan., 1858-Jan., ’62; Principal of the Beaver Ladies’ Seminary Ap., 1867-July, ’72. Publications: A Lec¬ ture on Slavery; Perseverance of the Saints, an answer to a Methodist minister. McLBAN, Daniee McBane*: Was born Jan. 24, 1840, near Wellsville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1859, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 3, 1861, by Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained Jan. 13, ’63, by Allegheny; was pastor of Fifth Ch., Allegheny, Jan., i863-’5; Cleveland, O., 1865-Nov. 8, ’70; Chartiers, Washington Co., Jan. 5, 1871, until his death I\Iar. 21, 1880, from consumption. MacLEAN, John (A. R.): Was born Oct. 12, 1823, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at the Western University in 1843, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1846, by Monongahela, and ordained Sept. 26, ’48, by the same; was pastor at New THE MINISTRY. 473 Brighton, Pa., Sept. 25, 1848-Ap. 10, ’55; St. Louis, Mo.^ 1857-Jan. 22, ’62; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pas¬ tor of the N. Ch., St. Louis, of Bloomington, Ill., of Clinton, Ill., and is now in the U. S. Marine Hospital Service, Wash¬ ington, D. C. McLEAN, John Latta (A.)*: Was born Oct. 22, 1802, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1834, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed in 1838 by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 22, ’39, by Indiana; was pastor of Princeton and Midway, Ind., Nov. 22, 1839-Ap. 24, ’43; installed over Mansfield, Haysville and Clear Creek in 1843; .substituted Ontario for Clear Creek in ’49; was released from Mansfield and Ontario May ii, ’53, and from Haysville in Ap., ’55; pastor of Chesterville, Sulphur Springs and Alum Creek, Morrow Co., O., June 1859-’63; retired to Monmouth, Ill., and in 1871 to Red Oak, la., where he died Mar. 29, 1874. McLEAN, Samuel (A.)*: Brother of Daniel Jr.; was born in Washington, Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson and studied theology at Canons- burg; was licensed in 1825 ^7 Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’27, by Muskingum; was pastor of Jonathan’s Creek and connections Ap., 1827-Sept. 17, ’28; of Poplar Ridge and Plainsfield, in the Miami Pres., Oct. 21, 1842, until his death, April 16, 1849. MACLELLAN, John M.*: Was born in 1802 in Perthshire, Scotland; was graduated at St. Andrew’s University, and studied theology in Glasgow; was licensed in 1832 by the Pres., of Edinburgh, and or¬ dained Aug. 27, ’33, by Lanark; migrated to Canada, where he remained for 5^ears in connection with the United Presby¬ terian Ch., of Canada; came to the U. S., and joined the Presbytery of Detroit in Aug., 1858; was S. S. at Romeo, Mich., i860-’63; pastor of Davisville and Fremont, Mich., July 14, i 863-’6; of Bruce i866-’7o; died in Detroit Oct. 23, 1876. McLEOD, Angus: Was born in Canada May 10, 1833; was educated at Knox 30 474 THE MINISTRY. College, Toronto; was licensed Ap. lo, i88i, by the Pres., of Lindsay, and ordained in i88i, by Chatham; pastor for a short time of Florence and Dawn; came to U. S. and pastor of Frazer Ch., Huron Co., Mich., Feb. 12, 1883-Mar. 29, ’87; returned to the Presbyterian Ch., Canada. McLEOD, Robert B. E. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1789 in Albany, N. Y.; was graduated at Columbia N. Y., in 1806, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in Sept, 1811, by New York Pres., and ordained May 7, ’12, by the same; was pastor of the Scotch Ch., in Cedar St, N. Y., May, 1812-’23, the suc¬ cessor of Dr. Mason and predecessor of Dr. McElroy. He and his congregation went with the New York Pres., into the Presbyterian Ch., in 1822. He spent several years in the South, and was pastor of the Presbyterian Ch., in South East, Put¬ nam Co., N. Y., from the autumn of 1829 until his death, Aug. 23, 1856. McMASTER, John, D. D.*: Was born in Donegon, county Antrim, Ireland, Mar. i, 1806; was brought to America in 1811; was graduated at the Western University in 1827, studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Sem., Pittsburgh; was licensed Ap. 8, 1830, by the Pittsburgh Pres., (R. P.,) and ordained Jan. 26, ’52, by the Northern Pres. (R. P.); was pastor of Duanesburgh, Sche¬ nectady Co., N. Y., 1832-’7; at Walnut Hill, 1837-’40; in¬ stalled in the Covenanter congregation in Princeton, Ind., in June, 1840; continued thus till Aug. 9, 1870, when he and his church were received into the United Presbyterian Ch., and died in these relations, July, ii, 1874, from heart dis¬ ease. McM ASTER, Henry Hugh: Was born in South Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1876, by Lake Pres., and ordained Dec. 10, ’78, by the same; was pastor of Wayne, Erie Co., Pa., Dec. 10, 1878-82; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is near Uniontown, Pa. THE MINISTRY. 475 McMASTER, William H. : Was born July 4, 1841, at Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1870, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 5, ’71, by Westmoreland; pastor of Bethel, Westmoreland Co., Sept., 1871-Sept, i, ’74; of Princeton, Ind., Dec. 29, 1874-Nov. 15, 1881; Blairsville, Pa., Dec. 13, 1882. Publication: Bad Statesmen, a Thanks¬ giving Sermon in 1879. McMICHAEL, Ethan St. Clair: Was born June 7, 1842, near Butler, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 20, 1871, by Butler Pres., and ordained Nov. 19, ’72, by Des Moines; pastor of Newton and Palo Alto, la.. Nov., 1872-May 23, ’79; joined the Presbyterian Ch. Nov., 1880; pastor of Third Ch., Springfield, Ill. McMICHAEE, Jackson Burgess, D. D. : Was born July 22, 1833, near Poland, Mahoning Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 7, 1861, by Lake Pres., and or¬ dained Oct. 9, ’62, by Xenia; pastor at Sugar Creek, Greene Co., O., Oct., 1862-July 30, ’78; was Prof, of Church His¬ tory and Polity in the Xenia Sem. 1873-’8; has been Presi¬ dent of Monmouth College since Sept., 1878. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. McMIEEAN, Andrew: Was born May 3, 1833, in Tiffin, Seneca Co., O.; was ed¬ ucated at Washington College in Iowa, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1866, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained June 9, ’69, by Monmouth; pastor of Olena, Ill., June, 1869-Aug. 28, ’71; of Oelwein and Putnam, Fay¬ ette Co., la., July 25, 1876-Dec. 9, ’84; S. S., Brighton, la., 1885- MacMIEEAN, William (A. R.): Was born Ap. 6, 1826, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Duquesne, Pittsburgh, in 1847, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1850, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 2, ’53, by Boston; was pastor at 476 THE MINISTRY. Lowell, Mass., Nov., 1853-Nov., ’54; of Union Cli., Allegheny Co., Pa., Ap., 1855-N0V. 3, ’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Ross, O. McMillan, Witliam Harrison, D. D. : Was born Dec. 18, 1837, in Iberia, Morrow Co., O.; was graduated at Washington College in Iowa, and studied theol¬ ogy at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 8, 1863, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Oct. 4, ’64, by Monmouth; pastor of Little York, Warren Co., Ill., Oct., 1864-Ap. 13, ’70; Third Ch., Xenia, Aug. 12, 1870-Jan. 28, ’73; Second Ch., Alle¬ gheny, since Ap. 8, ’73. Was Moderator of the Gen. Ass. in 1883; delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council in 1880 and 1884. Publications: A History of the Second United Pres- brterian Ch., Allegheny, pp. 28, 1876; The Verbal Inspira¬ tion of the Scriptures, a Sermon; The Value of the Catechet¬ ical Instruction of Children, a Sermon. McMULLAN, Peter (often written McMillan), (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland perhaps as early as 1750; was educated in Scotland, and licensed and ordained by some Anti-Burgher Pres, in Scotland or Ireland. Was pastor for some time of the Anti-Burgher congregation of Ahoghil in Ireland. In 1789 he appeared in upper S. Carolina, and fraternized with Dr. Thomas Clark, and associated with him and David Both- well and John Boyce to organize on the 24th of Feb., 1790, the Asso. Ref. Pres, of the Carolinas and Georgia; was in¬ stalled pastor at Due West Corner, Abbeville District, S. C., most probably in the spring of 1794. This relation was dis¬ solved in 1801 at the request of the congregation. In 1798 “he was found guilty of intoxication and profane swearing, and censured accordingly.” In 1801 he was “silenced” for drunkenness, and in the spring of 1802 was restored. Upon the charge that the Asso. Ref. Ch. had altered the Confe.ssion of Faith in reference to the power of the magistrate in eccle¬ siastical matters, had “buried” the Scottish Testimony and Covenants, and abolished communion Fast Days, he and the Rev. William Dickson informed the Second Pres, of the Car¬ olinas, to which they belonged, on the 2d of Sept., 1802, that they declined the further authority of the Asso. Ref. Synod. They immediately applied to the Asso. Pres, of Chartiers for THE MINISTRY. 477 admission, and Dr. John Anderson and the Rev. W. Wilson were sent down as a commission to investigate their case. On the i2th of Jan., 1803, this commission met, and at the conclusion of their investigation admitted the applicants to ministerial membership, and the Synod at its meeting. May 25, 1803, erected Messrs. McMullan and Dickson, and the Rev. John Cree, of Rockbridge Co., Va., into the Asso. Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordered them to hold their first meeting and organize as a Pres., at the Steel Creek Ch., in Mecklen¬ burg Co., N. C., on 31st of Aug., 1803. Mr. McMullan preached for a time and mostly in his own house, but his habits of dissipation grew so that he was sus¬ pended from the ministry in 1806, and by the advice and di¬ rection of the Synod was formally deposed in 1807. Soon afterwards he went West, and settled in Middle Tenn., where he died. McMUNN, James Stewart: Was born June 20, 1844, near Washington, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1873, and studied theol¬ ogy at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1875, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained, sine Oct. 19, ’76, by the same; pastor at Winchester, Jefferson Co., Kan., Dec. ii, 1877-Ap. 16, ’82; Mechanicstown and Glade Run, O., Ap. 17,1883- McMURRAY, William, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born July 3, 1783, in Salem, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1804, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed June 20, 1809, by Washington Pres., and ordained Jan., 1810, by the same; pastor at Lansingburg, N. Y., Jan., 1810-Sept. 25, 1811; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Rhinebeck, N. Y., 1812-’20, and Market St., New York, 1820-’35. A man of good abilities and of very great purity and loveliness of character. Dr. Matthews, his life-long friend, says: “I never saw a death-bed scene of such varied joys, such wonderfully enlarged views of divine truth and of the promises which reveal it; such an entire su¬ periority to every earthly tie and feeling. His spirit often seemed to have soared away so far toward heaven as to have lost all view of earthly cares, and to be waiting with its eyes 478 THE MINISTRY. fixed upward, and upward only, for the signal that would call it to its heavenly home.” He died. Sept. 24, 1835, from ty¬ phus fever. McNAB, Joseph: Was born Nov. 19, 1839, York, Hivingston Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1865, by Caledonia Pres., and ordained Sept. 17, ’67, by the Lake; pastor of Oil City, Pa., Sept, 1867-Aug. 4, ’73, and of Evansburg and Watson’s Run, Crawford Co., Pa., Oct. 12, ’75-Sep. 7, ’85. McNARY, James Webster: Was born Oct. i, 1837, in Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 8, ’63, by Xenia; pastor at Reynoldsburg, O., Oct, 1863- June, ’72; at Dayton, O., Ap. 27, 1874-Mar. 27, ’78; Sparta, Ill., Ap. 10, 1878-July 16, ’85; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Oshkosh, Wis. McNARY, WittiAM Poeeock: Brother of James W., and great grandson of Rev. John Murray; was born Sept. 16, 1839, in Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1861, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 28, 1865, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Dec. 8, ’66, by Kansas; pastor of Leavenworth, Kan., Dec., 1866- Dec. 16, ’69, and at Bloomington, Ind., Nov. 2, 1870-Ap. 9, ’84; Jordan’s Grove, Ill., 1885-May 8, ’86; Editor of The Midland 1884-’6; pastor Tarkio, Mo., since 1886; in the civil war was Adjutant of the 123d and 193d Regts. Penn. Volun¬ teers, and Lieut.-colonel of the Fifty-fifth. Publication: A Sermon on Masonry. McNAUGHER, John: Was born Dec. 30, 1857, in Allegheny, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia, with one year post-graduate course in Scotland; was licensed Ap. I, 1884, t)y Allegheny Pres., and ordained Ap. 22, ’85, by Mansfield; pastor at Fredericksburg, O., Ap. 22, 1885-Nov. 9, ’86; elected Prof of New Testament Theology in the Alle¬ gheny Seminary in autumn of 1886. THE MINISTRY. 479 McNAUGHTON, Findley W. (A.): Was born in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Union in 1822, and studied theology with Dr. Banks in Philadelphia; was licensed June 19, 1826, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained May 20, ’28, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Mercersburg, Franklin Co., Pa., and the Cove, May, 1828- ’57. In ’45 he and the Rev. C. Webster withdrew from the Asso. Synod, because of its “lack of fidelity to Reformation attainments,” in its negotiations with the Asso. Ref. Ch., in the matter of an organic union. They formed and main¬ tained a Presbytery until 1856, when Mr. Webster returned to the Synod, and Mr. McNaughton in ’57 joined the Ref. Pres. Ch., (N. S.,) and subsequently the Presbyterian Ch., and is residing upon his farm in Fulton Co., Pa. McNAY, John D. (A.)*: Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jef¬ ferson in 1845, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 20, 1848, by Chartiers, and ordained Ap. 9, ’51, by la.; pastor at Crawfordsville, Washington Co., la., Ap., 1851-Sept., ’52; declined going into the union of 1858; was for many years pastor of the Asso., congregation at Palestine, Crawford Co., Ill., where he died Oct. 17, 1879. McNEAL, James (A.): Was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 31, 1853, Muskingum Pres., and ordained Aug. 10, ’54, by the same; was S. S. at New Castle, Monroe Co., O., i854-’5; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres., of Steubenville, and was pastor of New Castle, Browns¬ ville and New Matamoras 1855-’7; Barlow and Bether, Washington Co., O., 1857-Ap. 10, ’60; joined the Congrega¬ tional Ch., and labored for three years in its churches in southern Ohio; joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Monmouth in ’63; was S. S. at New Paris, Preble Co., O., 1865-’7; was pastor at Palmetto, Tenn., 1867-’9; at Pistol Creek and Big Spring, Tenn., i869-’79; joined the Presby¬ terian Ch., South, and is laboring as a missionary in south¬ eastern Tenn. 480 THE MINISTRY. McNEEL, Samuel G. (A.)*: Was born Nov. 29, 1822, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1851, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed Oct. 16, ’51, by Richland Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ July 21, ’52, by Shenango; was pastor of Pleasant Run, Carroll Co., Ind., from Jan. 26, 1854. He and his congregation did not go into the union of 1858; was •editor of the Associate Presbyterian from 1858, and Synodic Teacher of Theology from May 29, 1866, until his death in June 1881. McNiECE, John (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland and educated in Scotland; was one of the Irish patriots that came to the U. S., with Emmett; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and preached and taught in Westchester Co., N. Y.; founded the Canal St., congrega¬ tion in New York; became Principal of the Academy in Salem, Washington Co., New York, and joined the Asso. Ref. Pres., of Washington in 1819, but the burning of the Aca¬ demy building changed his plans, and he soon returned to southern New York and the Presbyterian Ch. McNULTY, Joseph McCarrell, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Sept 18, 1827, ut Fayetteville, Franklin Co., Pa.; was educated at the Newburgh Classical Institute, and studied theology at Newburgh with his uncle. Dr. McCarrell; was licensed May 6, 1851, by New York Pres., and ordained Sept. I, ’52, by Saratoga; pastor at W. Kortright, Delaware Co., New York, Sept, 1852-Jan. 16, ’56; Hobart, N. Y., June 26, 1856-N0V., ’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Clarkson, N. Y.; Montgomery, N. Y.; Wenona, Minn.; Jersey City, N. J,; and at Woodbridge, N. J., since Aug. 14, 1874. McRODDEN, Hugh (A. R.): Was received by the Monongahela Pres., as a probationer from the United Asso. Synod of Ireland Nov. 17, 1819; was ordained and installed over Bethel, Indiana Co., Pa., Nov. 15, 1820; was deposed Sept 8, 1824, ^^r drunkenness. McSUREEY, William Jasper, D. D. : Was born Sept, i, 1834, in Adams Co., O.; was graduated THE MINISTRY. 481 at Miami in 1856, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 14, 1858, by the Chillicothe Pres., and ordained May 5, ’59, by First Ohio; was pastor at Oxford, O., May, 1859-July 31, ’66; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; pastor at Kirkwood, Ill.; and Hillsboro, O., since Dec., 1869. McVEAN, Daniel C. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 15, 1818, in Caledonia, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1844, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in June, 1847, Caledonia Pres., and ordained Jan. 30, ’50, by the same; was pastor at Lyndon, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., Jan., 1850-Sept., ’65; died Sept. 7, 1867. McVEY, Hugh Given: Was born in Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Mus¬ kingum in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 12, 1874, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 6, ’75, by Indiana; was S. S. at Indianapolis June, 1875- June, ’76; pastor of Second Ch., Washington, la.. Sept. 26, 1877-Dec. 6, ’80, and of First Ch., New Wilmington, Pa., since Mar. 29, 1881. McWATTY, Robert, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Jan. 10, 1828, in Monaghan, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1853, ^7 Lawrence Pres., and ordained Sept. 29, ’54, by the same; pastor in Mercer, Pa., Sept, 1854- June 8, ’82; is now chaplain in the U. S. Army in New Mexico. McWILLIAM, Alexander (A. R.): Was born Aug. 8, 1824, Wigtonshire, Scotland; was graduated at Union in 1850, and studied theology at New¬ burgh; was licensed May 12, 1853, Caledonia Pres., and ordained Sept, ii, ’55, by New York; pastor of Graham’s Ch., Orange Co., N. Y., Sept, 1855-June, ’59; joined the Re¬ formed Dutch Ch., and was pastor at Walpack, N. J., 1860- ’70; has been of East Millstone, N. J., since 1870. MADGE, James G. : Was born Jan. 13, 1837, at Bethel, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1866, by Mercer Pres., and 482 THE MINISTRY. ordained Aug. 9, ’70, by Mansfield; pastor at Dalton, O., since ordination. MAG AW, Samuel Patterson (A. R.)*: Was born June 3, 1793, in South Carolina; was graduated at Transylvania University, Ky., in 1813, and studied the¬ ology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed Aug. 7, 1817, by the Pres, of Kentucky, and ordained Sept. 30, ’18, by Ohio; was installed pastor at ordination of Mt. Pleasant, Butler Co., O., and Clear Creek, sixteen miles distant. This latter he resigned in 1838, and it has since become extinct; he remained with the former until his death. Mar. 18, 1840, and was buried at his old Clear Creek Ch. MAGIUL, Daniel Elnathan: Was born May 30, 1855, at Cumminsville, Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1887, ^7 Garnett Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’87, by the same; pastor at Welda, Kan., since ordination. MAIR^ George (A. R.)*: Was born at Drumbeg, Monaghan Co., Ireland, Ap., 1761; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology with John Brown, of Haddington; was licensed by the Burgher Pres, of Monaghan, and ordained and installed by the Pres, of Ballybay as pastor of the Burgher congregation at Coote- hill, county Cavan. After a few years of successful labor he resigned May 2, 1793; sailed on the 12th of the same month for New York, where he arrived ist of Aug., passed imme¬ diately to Washington Co., N. Y., where he joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; installed over Hebron and Argyle Nov. 13, 1793; resigned Hebron Dec. 16, ’94, and remained pastor in Argyle till his death Oct. ii, 1841. MAIRS, George, Jr. (A. R.)*: Son of George; was born in Argyle, N. Y., in Mar., 1798; was graduated at Union in 1820; studied theology one year with Dr. Mason and finished with his father; was licensed by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington Mar. 5, 1823; dained and installed Sept. 3 of the same year as assistant and successor of his father; resigned June 10, ’51, and continued to reside in Argyle until his death, Ap. 10, 1882. THE MINISTRY. 483 MAIRS, James (A. R.)*: "^^oTlTeT'of'G'e'orge; was born at Drumbeg, in Ireland, about 1766 or 17 67; was educated at the University of Glasgow, and studied theology with Brown, of Haddington; was licensed and ordained by the Burgher Pres., of Monaghan; came to this country in 1793 with his brother; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; was called Jan. 8, ’94, and installed Feb. 20, as pastor of Galloway, Charlton, Corrybnsh, (Princetown,) and Reinsensbush, (Florida), resigned the latter two May 6, 1795, and remained pastor of the other two, consolidated as West Charlton, till 1835, when he went to live with his chil¬ dren in New York city, where he died Sept. 18, 1840. MANN, David: Was born and educated in Scotland, and ordained Dec. 27, 1855, by the Annandale Pres, of the United Presbyterian Ch. of Scotland; was pastor of the congregation of Walton, in Canada, July ii, 1871-May 2, ’76, and then passed to one of the Canadian churches. MARKS, Uafayette, D. D. : Was born in Hancock Co., W. Va.; was graduated at Franklin in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1859, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 10, ’60, by the same; pastor of Union Ch., Allegheny Co., Ap., 1860-Mar. 26, ’67; North Ch., Philadelphia, S. S. 1867- ’8; He passed to the Presbyterian Ch., and has ever since been pastor of a congregation in Wilmington, Del. MARLING, Moses Morton: Was born Nov. 5, 1835, at Roney’s Point, W. Va.; was gra¬ duated at Jefferson in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by the Pres, of Wheeling, and or¬ dained Ap. 3, ’64, sine titulo^ by Kansas; pastor of Union, Randolph Co., Ill., 1865-’70; of Roney’s Point, West Va., 1871-June 16, ’85. Published an Address on the Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures. MARSHALL, Clark Hindman: Was born July 20, 1861, at Dayton, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was graduated at Princeton in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1884, by Brookville Pres., 484 THE MINISTRY. and ordained Dec. 15, ’85, by Westmoreland; pastor of Puckety and Parnassus since ordination. MARSHALL, Hugh C. : Was born May 4, 1849, Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Westminster and studied theology at Union Theolo. Sem., New York city; was licensed Ap. 23, 1878, by Second New York, and ordained Feb. 19, ’80, by Kansas; pastor in Leavenworth, Kan., 1880-’2; Freeport, Pa., 1883-’5; S. S. Oakland Mission, 1885- MARSHALL, John (A.)*: Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Frank¬ lin and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1843, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained by the same in Sept., ’44; was pastor at Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O., Sept, 1844-’54; united with the Presbyterian Ch., and died Ang. 24, 1858, at Doddsville, Ill. MARSHALL, Samuel C., D. D. ; Was born May 3, at New Concord, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Oct. 26, 1859, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained July 16, ’61, by New York; was pastor of Hoboken, N. J., July, i86i-Ap. ’63; of Service, Monroe Co., la., 1870-June, ’77; was Prof, of Languages at Muskingum College 1864-’9; President of Amity College, la.. Sept, 1877-83; Pres, of Tarkio College, Mo., 1884-’6. UARSBAlJu,JWihhiAM (A.)*: Was born about 1740 near Abernethy, in Fifeshire, Scot¬ land; his father was a respectable farmer and a ruling elder in Alexander Moncrieff’s congregation. He was graduated at one of the universities, and studied theology in the Divinity Hall under the elder Moncrieff; was licensed in the spring of 1763 by the Asso. Pres, of Perth, and sailed in August for Philadelphia; was ordained Aug. 30, 1765, by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania; was pastor of the congregation of Deep Run, in Bucks Co., Pa., Aug., 1765-Ap. 19, ’69, and of the Asso. congregation in Philadelphia, Ap., 1769, until his death. In Philadelphia he first preached in the Burgher meeting house in Shippen street, but as it was limited by deed for the THE MINISTRY. 485 use of a Burgher congregation, and Mr. Telfair was expected back from Scotland to occupy it, a lot of ground was pur¬ chased on Spruce street, above Third, and a chuich erected in 1771. This building, during the occupancy of the British, 1777-’8, was converted into a hospital for the Hessians. When a majority of the Pres, of Pennsylvania voted, June 14, 1782, to consummate a union with the Ref. Pres., Messrs. Marshall and Clarkson and three elders protested and appealed to the Synod in Scotland; and claiming that the powers of the Asso. Pres, were vested in those who adhered to its true principles and constitution, Mr. Marshall, as Stated Clerk, took the minutes and papers of the Presbytery, and with the minority retired to the Session House, chose Mr. Clarkson as Moderator, and continued the Presbytery as the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania. The three contracting Presbyteries met in the house of Elder Richards, in Philadelphia, and organized the Synod of the Asso. Ref. Ch. Nov. i, 1782. The five Elders, the Board of Trustees and the majority of the congregation in Spruce street applied to the Synod for advice as to what they should do, inasmuch as their pastor, Mr. Marshall, refused to come with them into the union. The request was referred to Drs. Mason and Annan, and they “advised the congregation to deal gently with Mr. Marshall, for they hoped he would see his error and soon return to his brethren.” Things remained in this condition until the spring of 1786, when the Trustees and members petitioned the State Legislature to alter the Deed of Trust, which confined the property to a congregation “ in subordination to the Associate Synod of Scotland. ” Mr. Marshall remonstrated, and cited the elders, most of whom were also Trustees, before the Asso. Pres., where the Moder¬ ator, Mr. Beveridge, said: “It is a matter of notoriety that you have applied to the Legislature of the State to repeal a part of the Deed of Trust, and this is Erastianism, and for this you are called to answer.” The Presbytery then deposed from office and excommunicated from the church four of the elders, and suspended the other one. The charter of the church confined the management of its property to communi¬ cants, so this action of the Presbytery would depose them 486 THE MINISTRY. from office as Trustees. They informed the Presbytery that they were not under the jurisdiction of the Asso. Pres., but had gone with the majority of the Presbytery under wffiich they had always been into the union, and as they had con¬ tributed the means for the building of the church, they de¬ signed to hold it as their property and for their own use. On the following Sabbath, when Mr. Marshall came to hold services, the house was locked and guarded, and after ineffect¬ ively demanding admission, he turned aside to a neighboring house and preached. On the next Sabbath the pulpit was filled by an Asso. Ref minister, and soon afterward Dr. Rob¬ ert Annan was called from Boston and installed as pastor in Spruce street. Mr. Marshall entered suit for the property, and for nearly three years the case hung in court. In Jan., 1789, it came to trial and the jury disagreed. In July, 1790, it came up again before Judges McKean and Rush, and after a most elaborate argument by the attorneys—for the case in¬ volved a new point of law—the judges gave opposite charges to the jury. Mr. Marshall lost his cause, and thus ended one of the most celebrated cases ever tried before the Pennsylva¬ nia courts. In the fall of 1786 the Legislature repealed the clause in the Deed of Trust which subordinated the congregation to the Synod of Scotland. Upon the termination of the suit Mr. Marshall and his friends went immediately to work and erected a church edifice on Walnut street, which they entered July 31, 1791, and over which, sixty years afterward, there was also a protracted lawsuit. Mr. Marshall was two or three inches over six feet in height and quite fleshy, was dignified and courteous in manners, and good at repartee. When the yellow fever was in Philadel¬ phia he wrote a ‘ ‘ Theological Tract on the propriety of re¬ moving from places where the yellow fever prevails. ’ ’ As he was leaving the city at this time, because of the yellow fever, a friend on the other side of the street accosted him, saying: “The wicked flee when no man pursueth, but the righteous are as bold as a lion.’’ He immediately replied: “A prudent man foreseeth the evil and hideth himself, but the simple pass on and are punished.” He preached at the organization of THE MINISTRY. 487 the Associate Synod, and was its first Moderator. His salary never exceeded $220, and he was compelled to keep boarders for the support of his family. He preserved his Scottish ac¬ cent and dialect to the last, and was not in any sense an ora¬ tor; yet he was an instructive and profitable preacher, so that such men as Dr. Rush occasionally waited on his ministry. He was exceedingly conservative, and adhered rigidly to all traditional forms and ceremonies of his early education, even to the “lining” of the Psalms one line at a time. Of his communion service, a son of one of his elders writes thus: “The action sermon, fencing the tables, etc., occupied so much time that, although we began precisely at ten o’clock, it was about two o’clock before the communicants were seated at the first table. Then his addresses at the table were very long, and I believe we did not get away from four till half¬ past four in the afternoon. While he was distributing the tokens on Saturday afternoon he would repeat the Song of Solomon in what I suppose would be called intoning .He died Nov. 17, 1802, from a liver trouble, and the Governor and the Chief Justice of the State and other men of note at¬ tended his funeral in token of their esteem. He left but one child, a son, and his descendants are liow members of the Episcopal Ch. Publications: A Sermon on Psalmody, 1773; A Catechism for Youth; A Vindication of the Associate Pres¬ bytery, an answer to Dr. Annan, 1791; Some Remarkable Passages in the life of Thomas Beveridge; A Theological Tract on the Propriety of removing from places where the yellow fever prevails; An Act of the Associate Presbytery against Occasional Hearing, to which he afterward appended a review of the different Religious Denominations in the United States in order to illustrate the propriety of the Act. MARTIN , James (A.)*: Was born inTf^and about 1725; was educated in Scotland, and studied theology in the Anti-burgher Divinity Hall, class 1749, and was ordained at Bangor, Ireland, in 1753; was re¬ ceived by the Pres, of Pennsylvania, at Pequea, Pa., Aug. i, 1775, upon the following certificate: These are certifying that the bearer, Rev. James Martin, has for many years been a member of the Asso. Pres, of Moira and Lisburn, in Ireland, 488 THE MINISTRY. and behaved soberly and inoffensively, suitable to his character as a minister and Christian, as far as known to us; and having signified a design to remove to America and obtain the allowance of the Asso. Synod of Scotland for that purpose, he departs hence with an unblemished reputation, and there is no¬ thing to hinder his admission as a member of the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania. Done by order of the Asso. Pres, of Moira and Lisburn, met at Moira, 7th of March, 1775. FRANCIS PRINGLE, Pby. Clerk. The church at Marsh Creek, Adams Co., Pa., had written to him in Ireland in a congregational capacity, encouraging him to come to this Province, and the Pres, appointed him to supply at Raphoe, Hanover, Conewago and Marsh Creek during Aug. and Sept., but for some reason he did not settle in Adams Co. For two years he itinerated in North Carolina, Virginia, and in Franklin, Adams, Cumberland and North¬ umberland counties. Pa. Received a call from North Caro¬ lina in 1776, which Pres, would not sustain because of inade¬ quate salary. It is stated in the minutes of the Pres. Oct. 15, 1777, that “Mr. Martin having departed from our communion is ordered to attend next meeting to be dealt with on this head.” By letter at a subsequent meeting he declined the further authority of the Pres., having joined the Presbyterian Ch., May 22, 1777, and was suspended for contumacy, etc. He labored in central Pennsylvania in connection with the Presbyterian Ch., and died in June 1795, in the pastorate of Penn Valley Ch. MARTIN, James, D. D. (A.)*: Was born May 12, 1796, in Albany, N. Y.; while a mere child the family moved to Argyle, where he was brought up; was graduated at Union in 1819; studied theology principally with Dr. Banks in Philadelphia; was licensed Sept. 2, 1822, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained by the same May 10, ’24; pastor in Albany, N. Y., May, 1824-July, ’42; was editor of the Religious Monitor for six years; was Dr. Ramsey’s suc¬ cessor as Prof, of Hebrew and Didactic Theology in Canons- burg 1842-6, where he died June 15, 1846, from hemorrhage of the lungs. Publications: The Imputation of Adam’s First Sin to his posterity, i2mo., 1834; A Sermon on The Duty of Submission to Church Rulers Explained and Defined, 1841, and numerous contributions to the Monitor. THE MINISTRY. 489 MARTIN, John F. : Was born Oct. 3, 1837, in Brush Valley, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16. 1863, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained Nov. 15, ’66, by Allegheny; was pastor of Mt. Pleasant and Evansburg, in Butler Co., Nov., 1866- Ap., ’71; of Monroe, la., June, 1871-Jime, ’79, and of Green¬ field, Adair Co., la., Dec. 23, 1879-Sept. 24, ’83; Lebanon, Mo., 1884-June, ’87. MARTIN, John Kkll: Was born July i, 1842, in Lawrence Co., Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1865, and studied theology one year at Monmouth and three years in the Ref. Presbyterian Sem. in Philadelphia; was licensed Mar. 22, 1867, by the Ref. Presby¬ terian Pres, of Philadelphia (N. S.), and ordained Ap. 16, ’68, by the Western Pres, of the same church; was pastor at Wal¬ nut Hill, Marion Co., Ill., Ap.,16, 1868-Jan., ’71; of Kansas City, Mo., spring, 1871-Nov., ’73; S. S. at Kingsville, Mo., 1874-’5; pastor at Olena, Ill., May 26, 1876-Nov. i, ’79; of Lexington, O., Sept. 16, 1880, and Monroe 1882-Sept. 30, ’84; Reynoldsburg, O., 1886-. Mr. Martin came into the United Presbyterian Ch. with his Pres, when the Western Presbytery of Ref. Presbyterian Ch. united with the United Presbyterian Synod of Illinois at Paxton, Sept. 2, 1870. Pub¬ lications: Parody on Poe’s Raven, Commencement Exercise, 1865; Two or Three Sermons, and an Oration July 4, 1877. MARTIN, John Scott: Was born Dec. 22, 1850, at Little York, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in May, 1876, by Rock Island Pres., and or¬ dained and installed Oct. 25, ’77, by Chillicothe, at Cherry Fork, Adams Co., O. MARTIN, John Williamson: Was born Nov. 10, 1834, in Jefferson Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1861, by Steubenville Pres., and or¬ dained by the same Ap. 8, ’62; was pastor of Carrollton and connections, O., Ap., 1862-Ap., ’65; of East Liverpool and 31 490 THE MINISTRY. Calcutta, O., July, 1865-June, ’68; was S. S. at Edgerton, Johnson Co., Kan., 1869-Oct., ’73; Pleasant Hill and N. Salem, O., from Nov. 17, 1874; resigned the former and as¬ sumed Clear Fork, June 13, 1882. MARTIN, SamueIv, D. D. : Was born Dec. 9, 1836, in Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed in Mar., 1865, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained July 3, ’66, by the same; sailed soon afterward for the foreign missionary field, and has labored ever since in Northern India. MARTIN, WiEUAM Grant: Was born Ap. 10, 1853, i^^^r Irondale, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Mt. Union College in 1879, studied the¬ ology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 15, 1884, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Nov. 5, ’84, by Delaware; pastor at North Hamden, Delaware Co., N. Y., Nov. 5, 1884-May 10, ’87; pastor of Jersey City, N. J., since Aug. 16, ’87. MARTIN, WiEEiAM James: Was born June 19, 1854, in Philadelphia, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1876, and studied theology at Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed May 8, 1879, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’80, by Delaware; pastor at Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept. 7, i88c)-June, ’86; Fall River, Mass., June 13, 1886- MASON, John, D. D. (A.)*: WaTFofiTneaFMid-Calder, county of Linlithgow, Scotland, in 1734; was graduated (it is believed) at Edinburgh Univer¬ sity; studied theology with Alexander Moncrieff, of Aber- nethy; at the age of twenty he lectured in the Latin language with as much ease as in the English; at twenty-four he was made Assistant Professor of Logic and Moral Philosophy in the Anti-burgher Theological Hall; in the spring of 1761 he was ordained and sent out to America, and was installed dur¬ ing the following summer as pastor of the Associate Congre¬ gation of Cedar street, in New York city. He went into the union of 1782 which formed the Asso. Ref. Ch. He was emi¬ nently useful in his church and in the community because of THE MINISTRY. 491 his industry and wisdom. When it was proposed to establish an Archbishopric in colonial days and model the Episcopal Ch. after the Established Ch. in England, he opposed it vig¬ orously in the public prints and did much toward preventing it. When the British took possession of New York he sent his family to a safe place in the country and entered the American camp as a chaplain. He was a man of sound and vigorous mind, of extensive learning and fervent piety. As a preacher he was very judicious and instructive, and as a pas¬ tor especially faithful and diligent. He understood human nature well, and gave advice with much point and aptness. When Dr. Alexander Proudfit left college he was strongly tempted from ambitious views to turn to the law, but thought best to seek the advice of his father’s friend, to whom he stated that he had not fully determined as to the profession he would choose. Dr. Mason saw at once the cause of his in¬ decision, and simply answered: “Alexander, if you leave the service of Christ in the ministry for the pursuit of worldly honors. He will raise up others to serve Him, but you may be lost.” This settled the question, and Dr. Proudfit became one of the most active and useful ministers of his day. Dr. Mason was of middle stature, not corpulent, had black hair and a penetrating black e3^e. He was distinguished for his courtly manners, staid deportment and decision of charac¬ ter. He was strict in his family discipline and uncommonly systematic in all his habits. As a speaker his delivery was plain but energetic. His people loved him and confided in him as a father. After laboriously serving his charge for thirty years, his recollection suddenly failed him one day in the midst of his sermon, and he was unable to proceed. He simply stated that he regarded this as a divine admonition of his speedy dismission from earth, and admonished them to be prepared for the divine will. He passed to his house and to his last illness, and died on the 19th of Ap., 1792. The dis¬ tinguished Mrs. Isabella Graham, who ministered at his death¬ bed, said: “He had a sore conflict with the king of terrors, who seemed allowed to revel through every part of his mortal frame. His legs were mortified to his knees. He had not been able to lie down for four weeks, and died in his chair. 492 THE MINISTRY. Like his Master, he groaned but never complained. He had a draught of his Master’s cup, but the bitter ingredient deser¬ tion made no part of it.” He often told her “All is well, and all will be well. ’ ’ MASON, John Mitcheee, D. D. (A. R.)*: John] was born in New York city. Mar. 19, 1770; was graduated at Columbia College in 1789; studied theology for two years with his father and Dr. Livingston, of the Ref. Dutch Ch., and finished in the University of Edin¬ burgh; was licensed in Nov., 1792, and ordained and installed Ap. 18, ’93, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York, as the suc¬ cessor of his father in Cedar street; was released May 25, 1810, and became pastor of a colony which organized in Mur¬ ray street. He was Prof, of Theology in the Seminary in New York from its organization in 1805 till its suspension. He edited and did nearly all the writing for the Christian Magazine 1804-’08. He was Provost of Columbia College i8ii-’i6. In 1819 paralysis began to manifest itself, and in 1821 he resigned his connection with the Seminary and his pastoral charge of Murray street congregation; united with the Presbyterian Ch. and accepted the Presidency of Dickin¬ son College at Carlisle, Pa.; resigned this position in 1824; returned to New York and died Dec. 26, 1829, ^ state of entire mental imbecility. As a pulpit orator he had no rival in America. His publications were: Catholic Communion; Letters on Frequent Communion; Considerations on Lots; Essays on Episcopacy; The Church of God; Twenty-Six Sermons; Seven Orations, etc.; and a political pamphlet published in 1800 in opposition to the election of Thomas Jef- erson, which are collected in four volumes. MATTHEWS, George D. : Was received in May, 1868, by the Second Pres, of New York from the United Presbyterian Pres, of Galloway, Scot¬ land; was pastor in Jane St., New York, May, 1868-Feb. 20, ’74; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is now pastor in Quebec, Canada. MATTHEWS, James M., D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 18, 1785, in Salem, N. Y.; was graduated THE MINISTRY. 493 at Union in 1803, and finished his theological course in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1807 by the New York Pres., and subsequently ordained by the same. He supplied in the South Dutch Ch., Garden St., New York, i8ii-’i2; in 1813 he received a call to the pastorate of this church, and the Pres, of New York referred the question to the General Synod, whether, under the circumstances, “the Presbytery of the New York be permitted to put the call into Mr. Matthews’ hands.” After a pretty lively discussion it was decided to present. Having been largely aided by the Seminary funds while a student, the question of refunding by those who left the church came up for the first time. It was moved by Dr. Mason, seconded by Dr. R. Proudfit, and unanimously adopted by the Synod: “That no judicatory of this church shall give to any minister or probationer who may have been assisted in his education from the public funds of this church permission to accept a call from any other church, or a certificate of his standing with a view to join another church, without repayment, or the security of repayment, of the amount he may have received from said fund.” Having joined the Ref. Dutch Ch. he was pastor of the Garden St. Ch. i8i3-’4o; he was Assistant Professor of Dr. Mason in the Theo. Sem. 1809-’18, for five years after he left the church; was Chancellor of the University of New York i83i-’ 9; he died in New York in 1870. MAUGHLIN, Joseph S. (A.): Was graduated at Franklin in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 15, 1851, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained, sine Oct. 21, ’52, by Southern In¬ diana; pastor of Greyfriars, Hopewell and Union, Scott Co.,- Ind., July, 1853-Ap., ’57; has been variously employed in Page and Monona counties, la., since 1858; not now actively engaged in the duties of the ministry. MAXWELL, Ebenezer K. (A. R.)*: Was born in Galway, Saratoga Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1805, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason; was licensed Sept, ii, 1810, by Saratoga Pres., and ordained Feb. 5, ’12, by the same; was installed at his 494 THE MINISTRY. ordination over the Asso. Ref. congregation at Delhi, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y. In 1822 his Pres, opposed the contemplated union with the Presbyterian Ch., but as he was in favor of it he and his congregation passed in 1823 Presbyterian Ch. He remained at Delhi, and died in 1840. MAY, John Ross: Was born Feb. 19, 1841, at Venice, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 21, 1870, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Aug. 15, ’76, by Frankford; pastor at Paris, Washington Co., Pa., Aug., 1876-Jan. 22, ’79; Beaver Run and Beech Woods, Pa., June 16, 1886- MAYN, Alexander: Son of the Rev. Hugh; was born Jan. 24, 1830, in Fleming Co., Ky.; was graduated at South Hanover, Ind., in 1857, and studied theology at Oxford, O., and Due West, S. C.; was licensed Ap. 7, i860, by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained May 4, ’61, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Arkansas; has spent his time largely in teaching in various academies; was S. S. for Murray, Warren and Pleas¬ ant Valley, in the Wabash Pres., i868-’7i; and at Promise City, la., 1873-4. MAYNE, Hugh (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 31, 1794’, in the parish of Saintfield, county Down, Ireland; received his collegiate and theological educa¬ tion in Glasgow, Scotland; was licensed by the Pres, of Bel¬ fast, and came to this country in 1823 connected himself with the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Kentucky, and was by it or¬ dained, sine titulo^ Dec. 7, ’24; pastor of Shiloh, Mt. Olivet and Flemingsburg, Ky., which he had supplied for three pre¬ vious years. May 17, 1826-Ap., ’38. He demitted his charge because of ill health, and moved to Ind. where he engaged in teaching until his health was in great measure restored, when he moved to Ill. and preached as home missionary for a year or two, when his health failed again and he returned to teach¬ ing, but soon died. This occurred Oct. 31, 1852, in Union Co., Ill. THE MINISTRY. 495 MEEK, Stafford W. : Was born near Sparta, Ill.; was graduated at Monmoutli in 1871, and studied theology at Chicago and Newburgh; was licensed in the spring of 1872 by Delaware Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, ’73, by the same; was pastor of Walton, Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept, 1873-N0V. 14, ’76; joined the Congrega¬ tional Ch., and is now pastor at Ravenna, O. MEHARD, Thomas (A. R.)*: Was born in 1815 in Larne, Ireland, and brought by his parents to Western Pennsylvania in 1818; was graduated at the Western University in 1835, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. ii, ’38, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 30, ’41, by the Lake; pastor of Shenango, Turkey Run and East Brook, Pa., from his ordination until his death, July 16, 1845. MEHARD, William Agnew, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Nov. 29, 1825, Harmony, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Duquesne College, Pittsburgh, in 1845, studied theology in Allegheny; was licensed May ii, 1848, by Lake Pres., and ordained May 9, ’50, by the same; was pastor of Portersville, Evansburg and Centerville, Butler Co., May, 1850-Aug. 20, ’51; was installed over New Wilming¬ ton and East Brook, Lawrence Co., Pa., Aug. 19, 1852; re¬ signed the former Aug. 27, ’72, and still retains the latter; has been Prof of Mathematics and Hebrew in Westminster College since 1858. MELOY, John Calvin: Was born Feb. 15, 1836, at Taylorstown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in i860, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1863, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained June 27, ’64, by Philadelphia; was pastor of the Sixth Ch., Philadelphia, June, 1864-Oct., ’65; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and is at West Newton, Westmoreland Co., Pa. MELOY, William Taggart, D. D. : Was born Oct. 4, 1838, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Washington in i860, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1864, by Chartiers Pres., and 496 THE MINISTRY. ordained June 2, ’65, by Wheeling; pastor of Cadiz, O., June, 1865-Mar. 20, ’78; of Chicago, Ill., since Oct. 2, 1878; was Lieutenant in the Union army during a part of the civil war. Publications: History of the United Presbyterian Congrega¬ tion of Cadiz, a Sermon, pp. 26; The Church at Lansington, a Story of Pastoral Life, 12 mo, pp. 208. MELVIN, William (A.): Was received in 1856 by the Pres, of Albany as a licentiate from the Presbyterian Ch. of Ireland; was ordained in the summer of 1858 by the Asso. Pres, of New York; pastor in Providence, R. I., 1858-’9; traveled in the domestic mission¬ ary field until 1875, when he left the church. MERCER, Thomas: Was born Mar. 18, 1826, at Jackson, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Xenia and Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1857, by Chillicothe Pres., and ordained Jan. 19, ’59, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Michigan; pastor of Camden, Mt. Hope and Providence, Clinton Co., Ind., Jan., 1859-Ap. 13, ’70; of Scioto, Jackson Co., O., Ap., 1871- Ap., ’73; of Decatur, Brown Co., O., June 21, 1873-Ap. 6, ’81. MIDDLEMASS, Jasper (A. R.)*: Was born in 1799, educated and licensed in Scotland, and came to this country in the spring of 1833, and in Oct. of that year was ordained by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; was pastor at White Lake, Sullivan Co., N. Y., Oct, 1833- June, ’35; of Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., June 23, 1836 -Oct, ’38; joined the Reformed Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Blooming Grove; Berne and Salem, N. Y.; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch. and preached a number of years in the west, and died Jan. 17, 1881, in Malcom, Poweshiek Co., la. MILLAR, James (A.): Was born, educated and ordained in Scotland; came to this country in 1818, and united with the Associate Ch.; pastor at Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., Nov. 4, 1819-Feb. i, ’26. In Oct, 1826, he was deposed from the ministry by the Synod for fornication, and his subsequent history is not known. THE MINISTRY. 497 MILLEN, Hugh Wilson: Was born Mar. 26, 1851, in Jefferson Co., Pa.; was educated at Westminster and studied theology at Allegheny; was li¬ censed Jan. 16, 1883, by Brookville Pres., and ordained Sept. 16, ’84, by Frankfort; pastor of Raccoon, Beaver Co., Pa., since ordination. MILLEN, Samuel (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 22, 1818, in Chester District, S. C.; was graduated at Indiana State University in 1842, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 22, 1845, ^7 Indiana Pres., and ordained in July, ’47, by the same; pastor of Shiloh, Ind., 1847-’49; of Clayton, Ill., 1849-56; Smith Creek, Ill., 1856-Dec. 28, ’69; died Sept. 28, 1871. MILDER, Alexander (A. R.)*: Was cousin of the celebrated Hugh Miller, and was born in Scotland; was graduated at Edinburgh University, and studied theology part in Edinburgh under Dr. Chalmers and part in Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1837, by Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained June 20, ’38, by Second Ohio; pastor of Washington and Fairview, O., 1838-40; of Savannah and Plymouth, Ashland Co., O., May, 1842-Ap., ’44; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and because of family troubles his wife pro¬ cured a divorce, and he was suspended from the ministry. He asked to be received back into the Second Pres, of Ohio, of the Asso. Ref. Ch., but was refused because of his being divorced. He was remarried to his former wife, and was taken back, and preached for a time in the vacancies of the Mansfield Pres., and then became insane, and was taken to the asylum at Dayton, where he died Jan. i, 1867. was a very superior scholar, and an unexceptionable preacher, but a martyr to chronic neuralgia, by which his temper was made very irritable and his reason finally destroyed. MILLER, David Reed: Was born Jan. 13, 1846, at Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1877, by Chartiers Pres, and ordained Dec. 4, ’77, by the same; was S. S. at Omaha, Neb., Dec., ’795 pastor at Martin, Mich., since Ap. 16, 1881. 498 THE MINISTRY. MILLER, James (A. R.)=^: Was born Feb. 14, 1803, in the parish of London, Ayrshire, Scotland; received his literary and theological education in Glasgow; was licensed in 1828 by the United Presbyterian Pres, of Kilmarnock; spent several years in missionary work in the Highlands and in the Orkney Islands; came to the U. S. in 1839, and fixed his residence in Perry Co., O., without any special design of further engaging in ministerial labors. In 1841 the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Ohio recognized and employed him as a probationer, and on the 19th of Ap., ’43, ordained him sine titulo. He supplied Scotch Ridge, O., for some time, and also other vacancies until ’55, when he went west and labored as a home missionary in what is now the Des Moines Pres, until his death, Jan. 26, 1867. A man of good education and ability, but slow of speech. MILLER, James Patterson (A.)*: Was born Aug. i, 1792, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and, although he left the institution in 1814, for some reason his Bachelor’s degree was not conferred until 1818; was Principal of an Academy at Winchester, Va., 1815- ’16; studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service i8i6-’i7; taught a classical school in Cadiz for a year or two, and then did the same at Steubenville; was taken on trial for licensure in 1821, and finally concluded not to receive licensure, and turned politician, became editor of a newspaper and was the first man in Ohio who publicly urged the claims of General Jackson to the Presidency. His wife (Elizabeth Roberts, of Canonsburg), died suddenly in Dec., 1824, which brought such convictions of conscience that he immediately abandoned his political aspirations, returned to his original design, studied Hebrew for a season with Dr. Ramsay, and received licensure from the Pres, of Chartiers in Aug., 1825; was or¬ dained, sine iitulo^ Sept. 6, ’27, by Muskingum; spent two years as missionary in the new Western States; was installed pastor of South Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., in Oct., 1829. In 1850 the Asso. Synod chose him missionary to Oregon; he accepted the appointment; resigned his pastoral charge in Mar., 1851; sailed from New York Ap. 15th, and landed in Oregon on the 8th of June. He labored actively and success- THE MINISTRY. 499 fully for three years; organized a congregation and was instru¬ mental in forming the Associate and Associate Reformed ministers of the Territory into the United Presbyterian Pres, of Oregon. On the 8th of Ap., 1854, he was instantly killed by the explosion of the boilers of a steamboat upon which he was returning home from a visit to Portland. He was a man of gigantic physical form, possessed a good mind and fair schol¬ arship, but of slow and hesitating speech. He was exceed- ingly practical in everything, and made a very accurate and useful member of church courts. His benevolence and hos¬ pitality were large, his temper was good, and his social qualities very superior. Publication: Biographical Sketches and Sermons of some of the First Ministers of the Associate Church in America, octavo, 1839. MILLER, James Russeee, D. D. : Was born Mar. 20, 1840, at Frankfort Springs, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 22, 1865, by Steuben¬ ville Pres., and ordained Sept, ii, ’67, by Mercer; was pastor of First Ch., New Wilmington, Pa., Sept., 1867-’69; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Philadelphia, and also in Rock Island, Ill., and is now in Philadelphia, the Superintendent of the Sabbath School Literature of the Pres¬ byterian Ch. MILLER, Robert J. : Brother of Dr. James R.; was born Feb. i, 1853, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1873, remained one year as tutor of mathematics, and then studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Sept. 22, 1876, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 2, ’78, by Sidney; was pastor at Sidney, O., Ap., 1878-N0V. 30, ’80, and is now editor for the Board of Publi¬ cation in Pittsburgh. MILLER, Thomas Taylor: Was born Nov. 18, 1846, in Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1878, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Sept. 6, ’79, by Wabash; pastor of Bethsaida, Tipton Co., Ind., Sept. 6, 1879-Aug. 22, ’83; Elliott and Center Ridge, la., Oct 10, 1883-Dec. i, ’84 and Mar. 31, ’86. 500 THE MINISTRY. MILLER, William Franklin: Was born June 5, 1839, near Grove City, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1863, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Oct. i, 1869, by Butler Pres., and or¬ dained Sept. 18, ’72, by Mansfield; pastor at Savannah, Ash¬ land Co., O., from ordination till June, ’82; East Union, Pa., June, 1884. Publication: A Sermon on Revivals, 1879. MITCHELL, Charles Herbert: Was born Dec. 7, 1846, in Rush Co., Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 18, 1871,""by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 12, ’72, by Chicago; pastor of Camp Creek, Ill., June 12, 1872-Sept., ’87; Keota, la., since Oct., 1887. MITCHELL, George Graham: Was born in Union Co., O.; was graduated at Washington College, la., in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1863, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’65, sine titido^ by Wabash; was S. S. at Lafayette, Ind., 1865-’68; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Oxford, O. MOFFATT, William S. : Was born May 29, 1833, in Greenville Co., S. C.; was graduated at Erskine College, S. C., in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny and Due West, S. C.; was licensed Ap. 25, 1857, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Memphis, and or¬ dained Ap. 23, ’59, by the same; pastor of Prosperity and New Hope, Fulton Co., Ark., 1859-’65; labored in West Tenn. 1865-’67; after being S. S. for a year, was pastor since Ap. 19, 1869, of Uniontown and McMahon’s Creek, in Bel¬ mont Co., O., which were under the care of the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South. On the 14th of June, 1881, he and these congregations joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Wheeling; resigned Uniontown, Oct. 19, ’81, and McMahon’s Creek, Sept. 19, ’82; Centerview, Mo., Nov. 13, 1883-Oct. 6 , ’ 86 . MOFFET, William Turner: Was born July 27, 1837, in Bloomington, Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at the Indiana State University in 1857, and studied the¬ ology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., i860, by Southern THE MINISTRY. 501 Indiana Pres., and ordained Ap. 2, ’61, by Chicago; was pastor of Somonank, Ill., 1861-Nov. 27, ’77; of Morning Sun, Ia.,Ap. 2, i 878-’83; missionary to Dakota, 1883. MONFORT, Peter (A. R.)*: His ancestors came from Holland in 1640 and first located in New York. He was born Mar. 14, 1784, in Adams Co., Pa., and the family moved in 1799 to the Miami Valley; he studied privately for nine years with the Rev. Messrs. Thomp¬ son, Stowe, Marshall and Welsh, and was licensed in the spring of 1813 by the Presbyterian Pres, of Miami, and or¬ dained in ’14, by the same; was pastor at Yellow Springs, O., for four years, and at Unity and Pisgah for eleven years, and at Findlay for three years. In 1836 he joined the First Pres, of Ohio of the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was pastor at Sycamore 1836-’46; at Jacksonburg and connections, near Piqua, 1846 -’9; of Unity, at College Corner, O., spring of 1850-Oct. 4, ’59, and died in 1865. He was the father-in-law of the Rev. Messrs. Samuel W. McCracken, James Williamson of Iowa; Gilbert Gordon and Thomas S. Lee, of Kentucky. MONTEITH, Junius Augustus: Was born Aug. 29, 1850, near Little York, Warren Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied theol- og}'’ at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 2, 1879, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’79, by Chicago; S. S. and pastor at Hanover, Jo Daviess Co., Ill., Oct. 19, 1879-Mar. ii, ’84; Cedar Rapids, la., 1885- MONTEITH, Robert Campbelu: Was born Aug. 15, 1848, in Martin, Allegan Co., Mich.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Monmouth, Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 8, 1874, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained June 16, ’75, by Delaware; pastor at N. Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y., June, 1875-May 10, ’87. MONTEITH, Thomas Wilson: Was born Dec. 3, 1843, Martin, Allegan Co., Mich.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth and Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 29, 1871, by Michigan Pres., and ordained July 8, ’73, by Detroit; pastor 502 THE MINISTRY. at Port Huron, St. Clair Co., Mich., from ordination till June 29, ’86. MONTGOMERY, Andrew Spence: Was born June 16, 1822, in Newberry Co., S. C.; was edu¬ cated at Viney Grove Academy, and studied theology at Due West, S. C.; was licensed in Aug., 1854, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Tennessee, and ordained in Dec., ’54, by the same; was installed at ordination over Head Springs, Bedford Co., Tenn., and when the civil war broke out the congregation was about equally divided in their sympathies with the North and the South. He continued for about a year to preach to the Union party, the present Palmetto congregation, and then his personal safety compelled him to go North. In the spring of 1864 he joined the United Presbyterian Ch., and was S. S. for West Union, White Co., Ill., 1864-’70; was then installed as pastor, and continued in that relation until Dec., ’82; S. S. of Somerville and Eden, Ind., 1884- MONTGOMERY, John H. : Was born May 4, 1836, in New Vernon, Mercer Co., Pa., and worked upon the farm until twenty-two years old; entered Monmouth in Oct., 1858; read church history during his junior year, and in his senior year (1862) entered the army as a private soldier, and continued his studies, particularly in Hebrew, Greek and Theology. After two years’ service he had the offer of chaplaincy in a colored regiment of volun¬ teers, and returned home, and was examined and licensed and ordained Jan. 26, 1864, by Monmouth Pres., and ser\^ed as chaplain in the Sixteenth U. S. colored infantry until Oct., 1865. He then returned to Monmouth and was graduated in June, 1866; was pastor at Elmira, Ill., Sept. 18, i866-Ap. i, ’73; was thrown aside from active labors by severe ill health for two years; pastor of Ellison, Ill., Oct. i, 1875-Ap. 4, ’83; S. S. Vermillion and Lone Grove, Neb., 1885. Publications: Unity of the Church, a small volume published by the West¬ ern Tract Society; The Christian, a similar volume, pub¬ lished by the United Presbyterian Board of Publication. MONTGOMERY, John Knox: Was born Aug. 4, 1861, at Belfast, Marshall Co., Tenn.; was educated at Indiana State University, and studied theol- THE MINISTRY. 503 ogy at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 14, 1886, by Princeton Pres., and ordained Ap. 22, ’87, by Cliillicothe, as pastor of Unity, Adams Co., O. MONTGOMERY, Samuee Pattison: Was born Dec. 21, 1855, in Butler Co., Pa.; was educated at the Pittsburgh Academy, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1886, by Butler Pres., and or¬ dained Dec. 21, ’86, by Le Claire; pastor at Volga, Clayton Co., la., since ordination. MOORE, James M. : Was born Mar. 31, 1854, in York, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1879, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Oct. 13, ’79, by Rock Island; S. S. at Colona and Pleasant Unity, Henry Co., Ill., July i, i879-’8i; pastor at Ontario, O., Nov. 17, 1881-June 9, ’85; Scottdale, Pa., 1885- MOORE, Samuel Adams: Twin brother of James M.; was born in York, Jefferson Co., O., Mar. 31, 1854; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1879, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Dec. 2, ’79, by Rock Island; pastor of Homestead, Rock Island Co,, Ill., Dec., 1879-Ap. 12, ’81; Prof, at Iberia, O.; Amity and Avondale, O., Oct. 24, 1884-Sept. 20, ’87. MOORE, Samuel B. : Was born May 2, 1838, in Perry Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia; was li¬ censed in Ap., 1870, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained June 4 ) ’ 73 ? by Southern Illinois; pastor of Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill., June 4, 1873-Ap. 3, ’83; Liberty, Neb., Dec. 4, 1884- MOORE, Samuel James Steele: Was born May 24, 1856, near New Concord, O.; was grad¬ uated in 1877 at Muskingum, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Nov. 9, 1880, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’81, by Mansfield; pastor of De Kalb con¬ gregation, Crawford Co., O., Sept, 1881-July 15, ’84; nth Pittsburgh, July 28, 1885- 504 THE MINISTRY. MOORE, William (A. R.)*: Was educated and licensed in the Presbyterian Ch., and supplied at Oxbow, Jefferson Co., N. Y., but as he and the mass of that congregation had no sympathy with the new school measures, then so popular in central and western New York, he joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington, Nov. 4, 1834, and was by it ordained on the loth of the following Feb., and continued at Oxbow. In July, 1835, he went to Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., to assist the Rev. J. Beve¬ ridge at a communion; was taken ill and lingered on until the 5th of Dec., when he died and was buried among a strange people. MOORKHEAD, William Gallogly, D. D. : Was born Mar. 19, 1836, at Rix Mills, Muskingum Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1861, by Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained July i, ’62, by Sidney; served as missionary in northern and central Italy under the direction of the American and Foreign Christian Union 1862-’70; was pastor of First Ch., Xenia, Mar., 1871-Jan. 26, ’75; Fourth Ch., Allegheny, Ap. 5, 1875-Jan. 18, ’76; of the Third Ch., Xenia, Dec. 17, 1878-Sept. 15, ’85; has been Prof, of Biblical Literature and Greek Criticism in the Xenia Theo. Sem. since 1873. Publications: A Commentary on one of the Gos¬ pels, in Italian; numerous and extended papers on the Millen¬ nial Controversy. MORRIS, Abraham Wilson: Was born Jan. 23, 1842, at Service, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Monmouth and Newburgh; was licensed Aug. 26, 1874, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’75, by Argyle; has been pastor at S. Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., since or¬ dination. He served as a private in the Sixth Iowa regiment through the civil war, July, 1861-July, 1865, and lost a leg in one of the battles near Atlanta, Ga. MORRISON, George Watson: Son of Rev. M. Morrison; was born Sept. 18, 1861, in Monmouth, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1884, and THE MINISTRY. 505 studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1886, by Paw¬ nee, and ordained Ap. 27, ’87, by Le Claire; pastor of Scotch Grove, la., from ordination to Aug. 14, ’87, and sailed for the India mission in Oct., ’87. MORRISON, Marion, D. D. (A. R.): Was born June 2, 1821, in Adams Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1846, and studied theology at Oxford; was li¬ censed Ap. 30, 1849, Chillicothe Pres., and ordained Aug. 21, ’50, by the same; pastor of Tranquillity, Adams Co., O., Aug., i85C)-Ap., ’56; was Prof, of Mathematics in Monmouth College 1856-’62; published the Western United Presbyterian for several years in Monmouth; was Chaplain of the Ninth Illinois Infantry in the civil war, Aug., 1863-Aug.; ’64, pastor of Fairfield, Ill., Jan. i, 1866-Dec. i, ’70; of College Springs, la., May 29, 1871-Aug. 30, ’76; General Missionary for the West 1876-’7, planting mission stations and organizing churches, principally in Nebraska and Kansas; pastor of Mis¬ sion Creek and connections. Neb., since Aug. 28, 1878. Publications: The Life of the Rev. David MacDill, D. D., pp. 450; History of the Ninth Regiment Illinois Volunteers, pp. 100; A Sermon in the Third Volume of the Associate Re¬ formed Pulpit; An Address Before the Students of Theology at Monmouth. MORRISON, William, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was BbrrFin'T748 in Scotland, and came to America when a young man to obtain an education for the ministry. Prince¬ ton College was soon afterward closed because of the war of the revolution, and he was compelled to finish his course under private teachers. He studied theology with Dr. Robert An¬ nan; was licensed in 1782 by the Asso. Pres, of New York, and ordained Feb. 12, ’83, by the Third Asso. Ref. Pres.; was pastor of Londonderry, N. H., from his ordination till his death. He identified himself during his whole ministry with the Londonderry Pres, through all its changes. He was a man greatly beloved. The people of his charge defrayed all the expenses of his funeral, and erected a monument with the following inscription, which tells their estimate of his worth: “In memory of the Rev. William Morrison, D. D., 32 5 o 6 THE MINISTRY. for thirty-five years the beloved pastor of this church. From nature he inherited an energetic and capacious mind, with a heart of tender sensibility; from grace, all the virtues which adorn the man and the Christian. As a divine, a preacher and a pastor, he held acknowledged eminence. With'apos- tolic simplicity and genuine eloquence he preached Jesus Christ and Him crucified. He died in sweet peace and ani¬ mated hope Mar. 9, 1818, aged seventy. When this monu¬ ment, erected by his mourning flock, shall have gone to decay, his dear memory will still remain, for the righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance.” MORROW, David (A. R.): Was born Oct. i, 1823, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1852, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed May ii, 1854, by Michigan Pres., and ordained June 20, ’57, by the same; was installed pastor at Murray June 20, 1857, and at Warren, Ind., Nov. 15, 1857; resigned both in 1863; S. S. of Roseville, Cal. 1873-’6. MORROW, James (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 21, 1799, in Westmoreland co.. Pa.; was educated at Miami University, and studied theology privately; was licensed in May, 1837, by the Reformed Dissenting Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Jan. 2, 1840, by First Ohio (A. R.); ■was pastor of Washington and Hopewell, Southern Illinois, i849-’6i, performed general missionary work, and retired to Tildin, Illinois, where he died Oct. 27, 1884. MORROW, James Hutchison: Was born in Rural Valley, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Dec. 13, 1870, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained July 2, ’72, by Detroit; pastor at Yorkville, Wis., June 15, 1874-June 18, ’80; Wahoo, Neb. Dec. 5, 1882- MORROW, Jeremiah (A. R.)*: Son of Governor Morrow; was born in Warren Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1831, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1834, by First Ohio, and or¬ dained Ap. 21, ’35, by the same; was pastor of Fairhaven, Preble Co., O., Ap. 1835-June, ’42; died at Chillicothe July 26, 1843, consumption. THE MINSITRY. 507 MORROW, John: Was born in March, 1840, in county Tyrone, Ireland, and reared in Allegheny City; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Feb. 27, 1872, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 30, ’73, by Chartiers; pastor of Taylortown, Washington Co., Pa., from ordination till June 12, 1883; left the Church June 29, 1886, because of change in doctrinal views. MORROW, Joseph Armstrong: Brother of David; was born Oct. 27, 1832, in Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1858, and studied the¬ ology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 26, i860, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Oct. 16, ’62, by Chicago; spent eight years in the western missionary field; pastor of New Jefferson and New Market, Harrison Co., O., Sept., 1870-April 20, ’85; Greenwood and Kingsville, Mo., May 22, 1886- MORROW, Orvitee Sumner: Was born May 5, 1853, Martinsburgh, Knox Co., O.; was graduated at Dincoln College, Mo., in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 6, 1879, by West Mis¬ souri Pres., and ordained Mar. 30, ’81, by the same; pastor of Dexter and Adair, la., June 15, i88i-Ap. 15, ’84; Oskaloosa, la., since 1885. MORROW, Samuee Frame, D. D., (A.): Was born Jan. 29, 1819, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at South Hanover in 1836, and spent several years teaching; studied theolog}^ at Canonsburg; was licensed June 25, 1845, by Miami Pres., and ordained July 8, ’46, by Albany; was pastor in Albany, N. Y., July 8, 1846-July, ’86. Publica¬ tions: A History of the Associate Ch., of Albany; The In¬ spiration of the Scriptures, a Sermon before the Albany Bible Society, 1876. MORROW, Thomas Gieeespie: Was born Sept. 13, 1844, Rural Valley, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Monmouth; was licensed Dec. 26, 1867, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’69, by the same; 5 o 8 THE MINISTRY. pastor of Henderson, Ill., Ap. 1869-Feb. 6, ’72; of Wenona, Ill., Oct. 12, 1872-Ap. 12, ’81; Paxton, Ill., Oct. 25, 1881- MORROW, William: Brother to David; was born Aug. 5, 1834, in Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Antrim College, O., and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1861, by Muskin¬ gum Pres., and ordained July 14, ’63, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Salem Ill., 1865-’7; was Superintendent of public schools at Chenoa, Ill., four years, and at Piper City for two 3^ears; was S. S. at Piper City, Ford Co., Ill., 1877-82; in Ap. 1882 joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Bloom, Ill. MULLIGAN, John (A. R.)*: Was received Oct. 21, 1819, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York as a probationer from the Pres, of Down, Ireland, and was ordained, sine titiilo^ in June, ’21, by the same. He went with his Presbytery into the union of 1822, devoted himself to the work of education, and w^as long known as an eminent teacher in New York city. MUNFORD, Andrew Robert: Was born Oct. 8, 1849, near Sparta, Randolph Co., Ill.; was graduated at Westminster in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1880, by Southern Illinois Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’82, by Des Moines; pastor of Aller- ton and Jefferson, Wayne Co., la., June 2, 1882-Oct. 19, ‘86; Unity, la., Nov. 16, 1886- MURCH, Chauncey: Son of the Rev. James C.; was bom Jan. i, 1856, at W. Alexander, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at IMuskin- gum in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1882, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 7, ’82, by Wabash; pastor of Salem, Boone Co., Ind., Oct., 1882-Aug. 22, ’83; sailed for the foreign field in Oct., 1883, and is located at Luxor, in Egypt. MURCH, Frank Bell: Son of Rev. James C.; was born June 6, i860, at New Con¬ cord, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1882, and studied theolog}' at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1886, THE MINISTRY. 509 by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Jan. ii, 1887, by Delaware; pastor of Stamford, N. Y., since ordination. MURCH, James C. (A.)*: Was born Mar. 20, 1820, at Sandgate, Vt.; was graduated at the Dennison University, Granville, O., in 1846, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 29, 1850, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Nov. 7, ’51, by Southern In¬ diana; was pastor of West Alexander, Pa., Sept. 5, 1853-’9; New Concord, O., Feb., 1860-Feb., ’76; of Scotch Ridge, Wood Co., O., Jan. 15, 1879, until his death, May 27, 1879. MURDOCH, John (A.)*; Was born about 1813 at Barnamoghery, county Down, Ire¬ land; received his collegiate and theological education at Bel¬ fast; was for a short time pastor at Dromara, and then sus¬ pended for drunkenness; came to America and was restored to the ministry in Jan., 1856, by the Pres, of New York. He preached for some time in the vacancies, and then returned to his old vice, was again suspended from the ministry, and died from and under the effects of strong drink. MURPHY, D.: Was received in Ap., i860, from the Presbyterian Ch. (N. S.) by the Pres, of Detroit. He labored more or less in the active duties of the ministry within the bounds of the Presby¬ tery until 1870, when he passed from the church. MURRAY, Alexander (A.)*: Was born in 1776 in Guinston, York Co., Pa.; was edu¬ cated at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson. He was licensed in Oct., 1809, ^7 Chartiers Pres., and or¬ dained July 10, ’ll, by Ohio; was pastor of Mountville and Slippery Rock, Butler Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death, June 15, 1846, from diabetes. During these thirty- five years he was prevented but five Sabbaths from perform¬ ing his ministerial duties. He was faithful, laborious and amicable. MURRAY, Alexander (A.)*: Was born Sept. 3, 1801, near Rochester, N. Y.; was aca¬ demically educated, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in Aug., 1842, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained THE MINISTRY. 510 Sept. 20, ’43, by Chartiers; was pastor of Ohio congregation, Beaver Co., Pa., 1843-Ap. 18, ’54; of Black Creek, Sullivan Co., Ind., 1854-’6; of Oakland, Venango Co., and Kerr’s Ridge, Crawford Co., Pa., June i, 1858, until his death. He was somewhat indisposed when Synod, at Allegheny City, adjourned on Wednesday, and he reached Freeport, where he rapidly sank and died on the next Sabbath, the 8th of Oct., i860. MURRAY, George Reed: Great-grandson of the Rev. John Murray; was born June 25, 1845, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at West¬ minster in 1871, and studied theology at Newburgh and Princeton; was licensed Ap. 7, 1874, by First New York Pres., and ordained Oct. ii, ’76, by Des Moines; was pastor at Centreville, Appanoose Co., la., 1876-Sept. 24, ’79; at Fairview, Saline Co., Neb., since Oct. 18, 1880. MURRAY, John (A.)*: Was born about 1748 at Lockerbie, in the Valley of the Annan, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, where his father, the Rev. George Murray, was pastor of an Associate (Anti-burgher) congregation; he was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in the Associate Hall at Alloa; was licensed in the summer of 1773 by the Presbytery of Sanquehar; on the 2d of the following Sept, was appointed to go to America, and before the month was out, sailed from Glasgow as the companion of William Logan. He was ordained, sine titulo^ Ap. 17, 1776, by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania; was pastor of Marsh Creek, Adams Co., Pa., Nov. 2, 1777, until his death, which occurred in the summer of 1785. His only son, George Murray, was for many years a leading elder in the Chartiers congregation in Washington Co., Pa. MUSH AT, John (A.)*: Was born in Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1807, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Sept. 20, 1809, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained Sept. 18, ’ii, by the same; was pastor of Virgin Springs, N. C., 1812-’25. A pulmonary attack compelled him for a time to give up the active duties of the ministiy^. THE MINISTRY. and in 1827 became a justice of the peace, joined the Free Masons, and finally became a licensed lawyer. The Presby¬ tery dealt with him several times, and finally in 1831 deposed him from the ministry for his “connection wdth the Masonic Society,” for his “contempt of the judicatories of the church,” and for “his desertion of the holy ministry.” He became decidedly skeptical in his religious belief. MUSTARD, David French: Was born Dec. 25, 1842, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 26, 1871, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 8, ’72, by Frankfort; pastor of New Bethlehem, Pa., 1872-Jan. 12, ’75; of Mount Ayr, la., June 6, 1875-Ap. 4, ’77; at Sunbeam, Ill., Nov. 13, 1877-Dec. 15, ’84; Connellsville, Pa., June 9, 1885-July i, ’86; Walton, Kan., since Mar., 1887. MYERS, James Alexander: Was born Ap. 13, 1829, Mecklenburgh Co., N. C.; was graduated at Erskine College, S. C., in 1857, and studied theology at Due West, S. C.; was licensed in 1859, ^7 2d Pres, of the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South, and ordained in 1864, by the same; after two or three pastorates in this Synod joined the United Presbyterian Church in March, 1886, and is S. S. of Union, in Lincoln Co., Tenn. NASH, John Holliday, (A.): Was born Feb. 25, 1830, in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Washington in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1853, ^7 Asso. Pres, of Monmouth, and ordained Oct. 10, ’57, by the same; pastor at Ee Claire, la., Oct., 1857-Ap., ’60; at Sunbeam, Ill., Jan. i, i86i-Oct., ’76; at Knoxville, la., Ap., 1877-Oct., ’78; East Union and Pleasant Hill, O., Aug. 21, 1883- NEIE, John (A. R.):* Was born in 1804 in county Antrim, Ireland, and brought in his childhood by his parents to this country, and was reared in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1834, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap.. 14, 1836, by the Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 4,. 512 THE MINISTRY. ’38, by the Lake; was installed in 1838 as pastor of Mt. Jack- son, Centre and Mahoning; was released from Mahoning in 1843, from Centre in ’57, and from Mt. Jackson in Mar. i860, and died in this last place July 27, 1862, from paral¬ ysis. NEIL, William*: Was born about 1800 in Ireland; was educated at Franklin and studied theology with the • Rev. Alexander McCoy of W. Va.; was licensed May 13, 1829, by the Reformed Dis¬ senting Pres., and ordained Ap. 19, ’31, by the same; ac¬ cepted a call Oct. 18, 1831, from Three Ridges, Short Creek, Forks of Wheeling and Miller’s Run, in Washington Co., Pa., and West Va.; was for a number of years pastor, after which he joined the Reformed Pres. Ch., and then the Associate Pres, of Chartiers on the 5th of Sept., 1849; I’etired soon afterward from the active duties of the ministry, and died about i860-’5. He was a man of most excellent mind and theological culture, but very unattractive as a speaker. He was the theological preceptor of Dr. Davidson and others. NELSON, John Anderson*: Was born Oct. 16, 1842, at New Concord, O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1867, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 30, 1869, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 9, ’72, by Westmoreland; was pastor at Mt. Pleasant and Madison, in Westmoreland Pres., Ap. 1872-July 31, ’75; S. S. at Topeka, Kan., 1876-’7; pastor at Lawrence, Kan., Oct. 9, 1877-Ap. 2, ’84; of Mumford, N. Y., May, 1884, till his death, Nov. 8, 1884. NESBIT, Archibald (A.): Was born, educated, licensed and ordained in Scotland. On coming to this country he joined the Associate Pres., of New York, of the Stark and Blair connection, and in 1852 was received therefrom by the Asso. Ref. Pres., of Spring- field; was S. S. for a year at Yellow Springs, Greene Co., O.; and pastor in Chicago, Ill., 1854-’7, when he and a majority of the congregation seceded from the church. He subse¬ quently returned to Scotland and joined the Kirk. THE MINISTRY. 513 NESBIT, Robert Bryson*: Was born June 21, 1850, at Cedarville, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia and Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 9, 1874, by First New York, and ordained Oct. 13, ’75, by Bloomington; was pastor at Low Point, Woodford Co., Ill., Oct, 1875-Sept. 15, ’80; died of typhoid fever Oct. 14, i88t, at Cedarville, O. NESBIT, WieliamKA. R.)*: Was born about 1794 or 1795 in eastern Pennsylvania; was graduated at Washington in 1816, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed Aug. 8, 1820, by Big Spring Pres., and ordained Jan. 2, ’23, at Stamford, N. Y., by Saratoga Pres., and installed a few days afterward as pastor of Seneca congregation, Ontario Co., N. Y. He fell into intemperate habits, and was suspended from ministerial duties in 1831 by the Caledonia Pres. On the 8th of Nov., 1832, his pastoral relation was dissolved at his own request, and at the same time he was restored to the ministry. He continued to supply his old congregation until the early part of 1834, when he was again suspended for drunkenness, but he appealed to the Synod of New York, which met in New¬ burgh on the 29th of Aug., and his appeal was sustained by a majority of two^ and he was restored. On his return he left the stage-coach at Geneva, within six miles of his home, and while awaiting the means of transportation died suddenly and alone in the hotel. NEVIN, Joseph C. : Was born Jan. 6, 1835, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 29, 1858, by Monongahela Pres.; was ap¬ pointed by the First General Assembly at its meeting in Xenia as missionary to China, and was ordained accordingly Sept. 30, 1859, Monongahela, and sailed on the 17th of Dec., and arrived at Canton, China, on the nth of June, i860. He located in Canton and labored there until Oct., 1877, when the mission was abandoned and he was sent to labor among the Chinese at Los Angeles, Cal., which is his present field. THE MINISTRY. 514 NEVIN, William Gustavus: Was born May 28, 1848, in Hopewell township, Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated at Westminster, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in May, 1871, by Lake Pres., and or¬ dained June 5, ’72, by Butler; was pastor at Parker City, Arm¬ strong Co., June, 1872-Ap. 15, ’73; New Lisbon, Columbiana Co., O., Nov. 3, 1873-Aug. 30, ’75; S. S. at McDonald, Washington Co., Pa., 1876-’7; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Sharon, Pa. NIBLOCK, Isaiah, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1794 in county Monaghan, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Glasgow, and studied theology in the Secession Hall in Glasgow with Dr. John Dick; was licensed by the Burgher Pres, of Monaghan in 1817; came to the U. S. in 1818, and was ordained Nov. 17, ’19, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Mononga- hela; was pastor of Butler (with White Oak Springs till 1836), Pa., Nov. 17, 1819, till his death June 29, 1864, from decay of vital powers. Publication: A Fast Day Sermon in 1832, because of the cholera. NIBLOCK, John Howard: Son of Dr. Isaiah; was born in Butler, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1864, by Butler Pres., and ordained Oct. 12, ’65, by Wisconsin; was pastor at Oshkosh, Wis., Oct, 1865-Mar., ’77; pastor of Second Ch., Cedar Rapids, la., June 15, i88o-Ap. i, ’87. Was also Prof, of Natural Sciences in the Collegiate Institute of Cedar Rapids. NICHOL, Alvin Mitchell*: Was bom Mar. 13, 1846, near Fairview, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 15, 1873, by Rock Island Pres., and, being appointed to the foreign field, was ordained Mar. 24, ’74, by the same. He sailed Ap. 18, 1874, for Egypt, and labored in that country, principally at Mansurah, until failure of health compelled him to return in 1885; died July 20, 1887. NICOLL, David: Was born Feb. 22, 1841, in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y.; THE MINISTRY. 515 was graduated at Monmouth in 1867, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed June 18, 1868, by Delaware Pres., and ordained Nov. 17, ’69, by he Claire; was pastor of De Witt (and Elvira, until June 12, ’72), Clinton Co., la., from ordination till Aug. 27, ’84; S. S. Battle Creek, la., 1885. NIVEN, Duncan Campbell (A. R.): Was born Feb. 18, 1829, Bloomingburg, Sullivan Co., N. Y.; was academically educated and studied law. After practicing law a number of years he studied theology privately with the Rev. Dr. James Harper and James Thompson in New York city, and was licensed in Mar., 1859, by the Asso. Pres, of New York, and ordained in June of the same year by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Saratoga; was pastor of Andes, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., June, 1859-Dec. i, ’61; joined the Presby¬ terian Ch., and is at Highland, N. Y. NORWOOD, David (A. R.)*: Was received Ap. 21, 1824, ^7 Pres, of Monongahela as a probationer from the United Secession Pres, of Armagh, Ireland; was ordained in Ap., 1826, by Monongahela; was pastor of Mahoning, Mt. Jackson and Slippery Rock, Ap., 1826-Oct. 16, ’33. In June, 1838, he left the church. OBURN, William (A.): Studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in 1846 by Muskingum Pres., and ordained, shie titulo^ Aug. 10, 1847, by the same. He labored in the missionary field, particularly in Illinois and Iowa; declined going into the union of 1858, and continued on laboring under the care of the residuary Synod. He retired from the active duties of the ministry and resides at Galion, O. OLDHAM, Moses McQuarter (A.)*: Was born at Cambridge, O., Aug. 27, 1817; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology with the Rev. Elijah Mc¬ Coy; was licensed in May, 1844, by the Ref Dis. Pres., and ordained Dec., ’47, by the same; was pastor of Salt Fork 1847-Oct., ’52; united with the Associate Synod and came into the union of 1858. His health was long infirm, and for many years he was not actively engaged in the ministry. He resided at Springfield, O., but died Oct. 27, 1883, at New Or¬ leans, La. THE MINISTRY. 516 OLIVER, Andrew (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 31, 1762, in Roxburghshire, Scotland, and attended a classical school in the north of England: at four¬ teen he united with the church, and in 1786 married Eliza¬ beth Ormiston and came to this country, and after living two years at Saco, Me., came to Londonderry, N. H., where he was induced by the Rev. William Morrison to study under his direction for the ministry. He was licensed in 1792 by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Londonderry, and ordained by the same in ’93; was pastor of the Asso. Ref. Ch. at Pelham, Mass., for ten years, before the termination of which the Lon¬ donderry Pres, had become detached from the Asso. Ref. Ch., and was in a state of independency previous to its union with the Presbyterian Ch. in 1809. In 1804 he visited New York and wasYeceived as a member by the Asso. Pres, of Cambridge, and for a few months took appointments from it, but soon afterwards returned to Massachusetts. In 1806 he visited Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., and organized a congregation in connection with the Presbyterian Ch. Here he remained as pastor until 1827 1828, when an unhappy division arose, caused by persons who did not relish his Calvinistic doctrines. He then joined the Saratoga Pres, of the Asso. Ref. Ch., and organized another congregation under its auspices, and min¬ istered to it as pastor until his death, on the 24th of Mar., 1833. He was a man very much beloved, and often moved his hearers to tears. OLIVER, Robert W., D. D. (A. R.): Was the son of an Irish officer in the British army, and was born in Scotland, but reared by his widowed mother in Ire¬ land, where he received a fair academic education. When not over eighteen and while an ensign in the ist Royal Regiment, he was sent out by the government as school teacher in the barracks at Quebec for the benefit of the soldiers’ families. He was soon transferred to the barracks at Montreal, and while there aided in the famous escape of Maria Monk from one of the nunneries of that city; was in active servuce and severely wounded during the Canadian Rebellion; resigned his government situation and came to Pittsburgh; was gradu¬ ated at the Western University, and studied theology at Alle- THE MINISTRY. 517 gHeny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1843, Moiiongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 26, ’44, by the I^ake; pastor of Bear Creek, Lawrenceburg and Mt. Vernon 1844-Aug. 20, ’45; of Bethel, Beulah and Mahoning, Nov. 10, 1846-Aug. 9, ’53; of Second Asso. Ref. (now Fourth United Presbyterian), Philadelphia, Nov. 13, 1853-Aug. 29, ’54. He then joined the Episcopal Ch., and after holding several parishes became Theological Professor in the Dioeesan Institute of Nebraska, Nebraska City, and is now in Omaha. ORMOND, Benjamin Kelso, (A. R.): Brother of Dr. George K.; was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1852, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1855, by Mononga- hela Pres., and ordained Sept. 9, ’58, by Lawrence; pastor at Sharon, Mercer Co., Pa., Sept., 1858-Dec. 28, ’80; joined the Presbyterian Ch.,. in 1881, and is in Toledo, O. ORMOND, George Kelso, D. D., (A. R.): Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Union in 1848, and studied theology at Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1850, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 13, ’52, by the same; was pastor of Birmingham, near Pittsburgh, Ap., 1852-June 22, ’58; of Youngstown and Warren, Mahoning Co., O., Sept. 3, i86i-Feb. i, ’70; of Mansfield, Allegheny Co., Pa., Dec. 27, 1870-Dec. 30, ’73; of Temperanceville, near Pittsburgh, April 21, 1874-Sept. 25, ’83, joined the Presbyterian Ch. ORMOND, Marcus*: Brother of Dr. George K.; was born about 1830 in Wash¬ ington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Frankin in 1855, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1858, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 22, ’59, by Allegheny; pastor of Hookstown and Tumblinson Run, Beaver Co., Pa., Aug., i 859-’67; Oxford, O., 1867-Oct. 12, ’71; West Alexan¬ der, Washington Co., Pa., June ii, 1872-Oct. 12, ’76; in the civil war he entered the army as a private, rose to be captain, and was then made chaplain. Died suddenly, Nov. 25, 1881. ORR, Alexander Henderson: Was born Sept. 24, 1846, near Evansburg, Butler Co., Pa.; THE MINISTRY. 518 v/as graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1874, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’75, by Frankfort; pastor at New Bethle¬ hem, Beaver Co., Pa., from ordination until Sept. 21, ’80; Huntsville, O., Jan. 17, 1882- ORR, James Murdoch*: Grandson of the Rev. Alex. Porter; was born Mar. 31, 1838, near Fairhaven, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was li¬ censed Ap. I, 1862, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Mar. 10, ’64, by Argyle; pastor of Fast Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y., from ordination till death, Ap. 18, 1865. OSBORNE, Joseph’ (A. R.)*: Was born in 1813 near Stewartsville, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1832, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1835, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 26, ’36, by the same; was installed at ordination pastor of Turtle Creek and Bethel, in Westmoreland Co.; was released from the Bethel branch in ’47, and died Oct. 31, 1851. OTTERSON, James (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. ii, 1791, in New York city; was educated at Columbia College, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1820 by the Pres, of New York, and ordained Sept. 12, ’21, by Saratoga; was pastor at Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y., 1821-’27; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Oyster Bay and Hempstead 1827-’34; at Freehold, N. J., 1835-8; at Rockaway, N. J., 1840-’5; entered the Presbyterian Ch. and was pastor at Johnstown, N. Y., 1845-52; joined the Asso. Ref. Ch. again, Oct. 7, 1853, and supplied principally in the Boston Pres, until the autumn of ’55, when he returned to the Presbyterian Ch., and was for some years pastor of Wilmington, Del., and died Sept. 17, 1867. A man of very considerable power. OWENS, WiuuiAM Steele, D. D. : Was born July 25, 1842, in Clough, county Down, Ireland; served nine months in the army; was graduated at Westmin¬ ster in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed THE MINISTRY. 519 Ap. 21, 1868, by Monongabela Pres., and ordained May 18, ’69, by Philadelphia; was pastor of the North Ch., Philadel¬ phia, 1869-Aug. 15, ’71; at Indiana, Pa., Nov. 10, 1871-June 26, ’77; at Steubenville, O., Sept. 21, i877-’86; Sec. of Board of Domestic Missions since 1885. PALMER, James D. : Was born in 1848, at Cambridge, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed May 12, 1874, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Aug. 23, ’76, by the same; pastor at Barlow, Wash¬ ington Co., O., Aug. 23, 1876-Ap. 15, ’84; Alexis, Ill., Dec. 30, ’84. PARK, Robert Henry: Was born Dec. 22, 1849, Letterkenny, county Done¬ gal, Ireland; was educated at the National Normal School, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 28, 1878, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Oct. 29, ’78, by the same; pastor at Reynoldsburg, O., Oct. 29, 1878-Aug. 26, ’84; West Union and Pine Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa., May 12, 1885- PARK, Thomas: Was born Ap. 16, 1845, Scotland; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 17, 1877, by Cedar Rapids, and ordained May 14, ’78, by Delaware; has been pastor at De Lanoey, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., since ordination. PARKS, Hugh (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 28, 1808, in Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1826, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 26, 1830, by Second Ohio, and ordained Ap. 26, ’32, by the same; was installed pastor of YellowCreek and St. Clairsville, O., Ap., 1832, and in Ap., ’37, resigned Yellow Creek and accepted Moorefield. In 1840 he resigned St. Clairsville and in ’56 Moorefield; pastor of Buchanan Hill 1856-61; supplied for a few years as health permitted, and then resided without charge at St. Clairsville, O., until his death, Jan. 6, 1882. PATTERSON, David J. : Was born Oct. 19, 1811, near Pointpass, county Armagh, 520 THE MINISTRY. Ireland, and was brought by his parents in i8i8 to Philadel¬ phia, Pa.; was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1835, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Sem. in Phil¬ adelphia; was tutor under Dr. S. W. Crawford in the Univer¬ sity Academy 1836-46; was licensed in the spring of 1846, by the Philadelphia Pres. (Ref. Pres.), and ordained in Ap., 48, by the Northern Pres. (Ref. Pres.); and installed over the ist Ref. Presbyterian Ch. of Brooklyn, N. Y., which he had gathered during the previous three months. In July, 1858, he joined the United Presbyterian Ch., and some 60 of his mem¬ bers insisted upon doing the same, and were organized Sept. 8, 1858, as the 2d United Presbyterian Ch. of Brooklyn, and in Feb., 1859, he was installed as its pastor, and has so con¬ tinued. PATTERSON, James, D. D. (A.)*: Was born July 15, 1812, in Pittsburgh, Pa., was graduated at Jefferson in 1830, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 2, 1834, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’37, by Ohio; was pastor at Scroggsfield and Yellow Creek, O., Sept., 1837-’54; was Pres, of Westminster College 1854- ’66; Pres, of “Ohio Central College.” at Iberia, for one year; pastor of Living Lake, near Washington, la., from 1868 until his death, Sept. 23, 1872. PATTERSON, John (A.): Was born June i, 1822, in Ireland; was graduated at Frank¬ lin in 1852, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1854, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained July 5, ’55, by the same; was pastor at Londonerry, O., July, 1855-Ap. ’67; at Peter’s Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Sept. 16, 1867-Ap. 30, ’72; was installed Aug. 25, ’74, as pastor of Moimtville and Camp Run, Lawrence Co.; resigned the latter Ap. 10, ’79, and the former Ap. ii, ’82; of Oakland for one-half time Oct. 27, 1881. At Cadiz in Feb., 1858, he and the Rev. J. S. Mc- Cready engaged in a four days’ discussion with two Univer- salist ministers upon the question: “Do the Scriptures Teach the Ultimate Holiness and Salvation of all Mankind?” PATTERSON, John Fulton, M. D.*: Was born May 27, 1842, in Logan Co., O.; was academically THE MINISTRY. 521 educated, and graduated in the medical department of Penn¬ sylvania University in 1865; ordained a ruling elder in Oxford, Pa., in 1866; studied theology at Xenia and Prince¬ ton; was appointed in Mar., 1872, as missionary at Damascus, in Syria, in view of which he was licensed Ap. 16, ’72, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Sept. 26 following, by the same. Pie returned from Syria in 1877, on account of his health, and resided in Xenia, O., until his death. Mar. 23, 1882. Pi\TTERSON, Matthew Brown: Was born Nov. ii, 1855, in Fayette Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminister in 1882, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 15, 1885, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Sept. 5, ’87, by Butler; pastor of Harlansburg and Slippery Roek, Lawrence and Butler counties. Pa., since ordination. PATTERSON, Matthew McKinstry: Was born Dee. 3, 1845, at Elizabeth, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 17, 1874, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained June 15, ’75, by the same; pastor of Puckety and Allegheny June 15, 1875-Dec. 18, ’83; Wilkinsburg, Pa., Mar. 18, 1884- PATTERSON, Philip D. : Was born Mar. 3, 1849, Etna, Fairfield Co., O.; was educated at Monmouth and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 17, 1877, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained, shte titido^ Feb. 15, ’78, by Wisconsin; pastor at Concordia, Kan., Dec. 3, 1879-Oct. II, ’82. PATTERSON, Richard Miller: Was born May 15, 1832, near Noblestown, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, i860, by Butler Pres., and ordained Nov. II, ’61, by the same; installed at ordination over Brownsdale and Union; resigned the former in Oct, ’64, and the latter in Sept, ’67; pastor at Troy and Southfield, in Mich., Oct. 15, 1868-N0V. 29, ’70; of Peter’s Creek, Washington Co., Pa., Feb. 6, 1873-Ap. 12, ’82; was Superintendent of the Freed- men’s School, at Knoxville, Tenn., i866-’7. 33 522 THE MINISTRY. PATTERSON, Samuel (A. R.): Was born June i8, 1819, in county Derry, Ireland; was graduated at Duquesne College in 1845, studied theology at Allegheny; was lieensed Mar. 29, 1848, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 25, 1849, same; installed at ordination over Rocky Spring, Beaver Co., Pa., and East Palestine, O.; demitted the latter in 1855, and still pastor ot the former. PATTERSON, Thomas Proudfit: Was born Ap. i, 1832, at New Concord, O.; was graduated at Madison, Antrim, O., in 1859, and studied theology^ at Al¬ legheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Oct. 28, ’64, by Monmouth; was pastor of Spring Grove, Ill., Oet., 1864-Dee. 26, ’68; Laurel Hill, Westmoreland Pres., June 21, 1870-Sept. 4, ’77; pastor of Bethel and connections, in Conemaugh Pres., since June 5, 1879. PATTISON, Alexander (A. R.): Was born Feb. 14, 1806, in Harrison Co., O.; was educated at Antrim Aeademy, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 15, 1842, by Seeond Ohio Pres., and ordained, sine June 19, ’44, by the same; was pastor of New Lon¬ don and Middletown, in Iowa, Jan., 1850-’60; both before and after this pastorate he labored in the missionary field and organized seventeen congregations in Iowa. He is now in¬ firm, and resides in Birmingham, la. PATTISON, John*: Was born Dec. 27, 1840, near Sparta, Ill.; spent his 3^outh mainly in Oregon, and served one year in the army; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology^ at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 28, 1872, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 20, ’77, by Des Moines; pastor of Adams, la., June, 1877-June 25, ’79; Albia and Ser¬ vice, la., Oct. 18, i88o-Ap. 15, ’84; Coin, la.. Sept. 22, 1884, till death, Jan. 30, 1887. Pi^TON, Andrev/ (A.)*: Wa 5 ~Tec^eH’TJcf. 28, 1774, in the eity of New York, by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, as a probationer for the min- THE MINISTRY. 523 istry, upon credentials from the Pres, of Moira, in Ireland, and supplied the ehurches in Orange Co., N. Y., during the winter, and in Adams and Cumberland counties. Pa., during the summer of 1775, and in New York, Sehenectady and Cambridge the following winter. On the 3d of May, ’76, he was ordained, sine titulo^ at Guinston, York Co., Pa., by the Pres, of Pennsylvania. The Pres, on the 20th of May, ’76, resolved to divide, and Mr. Patton was assigned to the new Pres, of New York. On the 7th of May, ’77, he was received baek by the Pres, of Penns3dvania and sent to supply in Vir¬ ginia and the Carolinas. On the i6th of Ap., ’78, he was prudentially and temporarily suspended from the ministry. Having negleeted repeated citations to return and clear his character, the Pres., Ap. 4, 1781, deposed him from the min¬ istry and exeommunicated him with the higher sentence of excommunication, because “he has finally apostatized from his profession and fallen into open profanity,” etc. He be¬ came excessively and shamefully wicked. PATTON, George, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Dec. 24, 1828, in Ireland, and brought to Phila¬ delphia when only two years old; was graduated at the Uni¬ versity of Pennsylvania in 1852, and studied theology at New¬ burgh; was licensed in May, 1855, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained in June, ’56, by Caledonia; was pastor at Seneca, , Ontario Co., N. Y., 1856-71, and has been pastor of the Third Presb^Terian Ch., Rochester, N. Y., since 1871. In Mar., 1859, he joined the Presbyterian Ch. PATTON, Robert Braden: Was born Sept. 13, 1854, near Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Wooster University in 1881, and studied theology at Prince¬ ton, with a post-graduate course in the University of Berlin, Germany; was licensed Jan. 15, 1884, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Aug. 17, ’86, by Muskingum; pastor at Jona¬ than’s Creek, Perry Co., O., Aug. 17, 1886-Sept. 6, ’87; Co¬ lumbus, O., S. S. since Oct., ’87. PATTON, Samuel (A.)*: Was born in 1830 near NeV Athens, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was 524 THK MINISTRY. licensed Oct. 21, ’52, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Dec. 16, ’53, by the same; was pastor at Cadiz, O., Dec., 1853-July 12, ’54; was installed Dec. 29, 1854, in Detroit, Mich., and died while on a visit at his father’s house, Nov., 15, 1857, of pneumonia. PATTON, William W. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1820 at Cedar Springs, Abbeville District, S. C.; was graduated at Miami University in 1842, and studied theology at Due West, S. C.; was licensed by the Second Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained by the Pres, of Georgia; joined the United Presbyterian Ch. Ap. 10, 1849; received a call, and was about settling in St. Louis, when he was attacked with cholera and died in Sept., 1849. PAUL, David, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Ap. 22, 1827, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1850, and studied theology at Oxford one winter; was Prof, of Languages for a year at “Geneva Hall,” Northwood, Logan Co., O., during which time he continued the study of theology with the Ref. Presbyterian students under their Prof., the Rev. J. B. Johnston, D. D., and then spent one winter at Allegheny; was licensed June 9, 1852, by Springfield Pres., and ordained Dec. 13, ’53, by Mononga- hela; was pastor at Canonsburg Dec., 1853-Dec. 25, ’55; re¬ ceived a call, and was acting pastor of Mansfield, O., although never formally installed, Ap., 1857-65; was Pres, of Mus¬ kingum College 1865-June, ’79, during which time he was pastor of Norwich Aug. 19, 1869-Jan. 28, ’72; of East Union June 10, 1872-June II, ’76; pastor of New Concord since Sept. 19, ’76, and since his resignation of the Presidency of the College has given all his time to pastoral duties; dele¬ gate to the Presbyterian Council in 1880; was Moderator of the Gen. Ass. in 1882. PAXTON, William Edward: Was born Oct. 7, 1856, at College Corner, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Geneva College, Beaver Falls, Pa., in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 23, 1884, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Oct. 15, ’85, by Mononga- hela; pastor of Chartiers, Allegheny Co., Pa., since ordination. THE MINISTRY. 525 PEACOCK, James Hunter (A. R.)*: Was born Ap. 28, 1816, in Stoystown, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1839, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 29, 1842, by Monongahela Pres,, and ordained Oct. ii, ’43, by Mansfield; pastor at Mt. Vernon, Martinsburg, Wooster and Utica, O., June i, 1844- Sept. 2, 1858; Richmond and Knoxville, O., Aug. i, 1859- Ap. 4, ’67; Centre and Wirtemburg, Pa., Ap. 21, 1867-Sept. 24, ’73; Coulterville, Ill., Oct. i, 1873, until his death, Feb. I, 1875- penny, Joseph, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was received Oct 21, 1819, by the Pres, of New York as a probationer from the Pres, of Down, in Ireland; was ordained, sine in June, ’21, by New York. He soon joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was for a number of years pastor of the First Presbyterian Ch. of Rochester, N. Y., and then pastor of the Congregational Ch. in Northampton, Mass. PERKINS, WittiAM: Was received in May, 1861, by the First Pres, of Ohio from the Free Presbyterian Ch.; was for two years chaplain of the 107th Reg. of Illinois volunteers. In the spring of 1864, while the Pres, was taking preliminary steps to investigate certain charges preferred against him, he notified them that he had united with the Congregational Association of South¬ ern Illinois. They sent the history of the case to that Asso¬ ciation, and struck his name from the roll. PETTIGREW, Joseph: Was born Feb. 3, 1836, in county Down, Ireland; was ed¬ ucated privately, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1883, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 30, ’84, by Frankfort; pastor at Patterson’s Mills, Beaver Co., Pa., Ap. 30, 1884-Oct. 12, ’86; N. English and Fair view, la.. May, 1887- PHIUEIPS, WiEUAM Wirt, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 23, 1796, in Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1813, and studied theology three years in New York under Dr. Mason and a fourth year in New Brunswick; was licensed in the spring of 1816 by the 526 THE MINISTRY. Dutch Classis of New Brunswick, and ordained in Ap., ’i8, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; was pastor of Pearl St. Asso. Ref. congreg-ation of New York, Ap., i8i8-’23; went into the Presbyterian Ch. at the union of 1822, and was pastor of the First Presbyterian Ch., then in Wall St., now at Fifth Avenue and 12th St, New York, from 1823‘until death. Mar. 20, 1865, of enteritis. PINKERTON, Benjamin Franklin: Was born June 30, 1838, near Fayetteville, Lincoln Co., Tenn.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in June, 1862, by Bloom¬ ington Pres., and ordained in Aug., ’63, by the same; pastor at Berlin, Ill., Aug., 1863-Aug., ’64; was missionary in Har¬ lem, N. Y., Sept, 1864-June, ’65; as missionary to Egj^pt, sailed Sept. 30, 1865. In ’69 he became a convert to Ply- mouthism, and abjured the faith of the United Presbyterian Ch., and was dismissed from the mission. He returned to the U. S. and labored in the Western States to promote the interests of his new faith, and then returned to Egypt and tried to indoctrinate the Protestant communities of that coun¬ try and Syria with the peculiarities of his religious system, and did considerable mischief. PINKERTON, John (A. R.)*: Was born and educated within the bounds of the First Pres, of Ohio, and by it licensed in Jan., 1823, ordained in Aug., ’24. He died in Oct., 1824. PINKERTON, John Pressly (A. R.)*: Was born June 7, 1820, near Fairhaven, O.; was educated at Miami, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 26, 1844, by the Illinois Pres., and ordained Oct. 17, ’45, by the same; pastor at Peoria and Harmony, Ill., 1845, his death, which occurred in Allegheny City, June 10, 1847. PINKERTON, John W. (A. R.)*: Was born in Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami Uni¬ versity in 1856, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 9, 1857, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Aug. 3, ’58, by Second Illinois; pastor at Smithville, Peoria Co., Ill., 1858-’62; joined Lake Pres, in Sept, ’62, and supplied three THE MINISTRY. 527 or four years within its bounds; joined the Presbyterian Ch., in 1866, and died Feb. 12, 1875, in lola, Kan. POLLOCK, David H. (A. R.): Was born near Elizabeth, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at the Western University in 1843, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1846, by Blairsville Pres., and ordained Aug. 21, ’49, by the same; pastor of Laurel Hill and Mt. Pleasant, Aug., 1849-Oct., ’53; of Sewickly and West Newton, Ap., 1854-Ap., ’60; of Turtle Creek, Sept., i86o-Ap., ’69; at Elizabeth since Dec., ’69. POLLOCK, John Abraham: Was born Oct. 6, 1850, at Huntsville, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia, and New College, Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed Feb. 12, 1878, by Sidney Pres., and ordained Nov. 12, ’78, by Keokuk; S. S. at Burlington, la., July i, 1878-81; pastor of Shiloh, Henry Co., Ind., June 20, 1882-Ap. 27, ’86. POLLOCK, J. T.: Was received Mar. 10, 1864, by Wheeling Pres., from the Ref. Presbyterian Ch. (O. S.); on the 17th of Sept., 1866, re¬ ceived a certificate of dismission at his own request. POLLOCK, Matthew M. : Brother of David H.; was born Oct. 17, 1842, near Eliza¬ beth, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1867, Westmoreland Pres., and ordained by Wheeling Sept. 19, ’77; was Superintendent of the Freedmen’s Mission at Memphis, Tenn., and S. S. at Jefferson and Mifflin, Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa.; pastor of Brownsville and Pleasant Ridge, Monroe Co., O., Sept. 19, 1877-Sept. t8, ’83; Fairview, la., Oct. I, 1886- POLLOCK, Robert Hamide, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Sept. 15, 1817, in Ligonier Valley, Westmore¬ land Co., Pa.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1845, Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 22, ’46, by Northern Indiana. In going to the meeting of Pres, he was taken ill, and was com¬ pelled to go to bed. Without requiring him to deliver his THE MINISTRY. 528 trials, the Pres, came to his sick room and ordained him there; pastor at Pittsburgh, Ind., Oct., 1846-’50; organized and supplied a mission church in Cincinnati in 1850-’65, dur¬ ing which time he started and conducted the Presbyterian Witness; was pastor at Wooster, O., 1865-Jan., ’76; at Mt. Vernon, Ap. 17, 1876, until his death, which occurred very suddenly on the evening of the 20th of July, 1877. He had attended a temperance meeting in the Baptist Ch., where he had spoken twice; when it was over he mounted his horse, and before he arrived at his home he was seen, in the clear moonlight, by a gentleman and lady sitting at the door of their dwelling, to sway back and forth on his horse, then lean for¬ ward and fall easily to the ground. They immediately went to him and found him dead. Publications: The Saviour’s Claim, a small book for the young, published by the United Presbyterian Board of Publication; Examination of the The¬ ory of Visible Discipleship; and a large number of fugitive and newspaper publications. POLLOCK, Thomas Harris: Was born Oct. i, 1825, near Spruce Creek, Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was educated academically, studied law and was ad¬ mitted to the bar in Lancaster Co., Pa., in Feb., 1862. Re¬ moved in 1863 to Philadelphia, attended the Ref. Pres. (N. S.), Seminary for the term of 1866 and ’67, and the next two terms at the Newburgh Sem.; was licensed Ap. 4, 1869, by Phila¬ delphia Pres., and ordained May 17, ’71, by Second New York; was pastor in Jersey City, N. J., May, 1871-June 6, ’76; accepted a call in Ap., 1878, to Amity and Avondale in Mansfield Pres., but before installation he withdrew his ac¬ ceptance, and entered the missionary field of the northwest. POLLOCK, WiTLiAM Alexander (A. R.): Was born Nov. 10, 1825, Cedarville, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1852, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in Ap., 1857, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. 17, ’58, by First Illinois; was pastor at Chester, Ill., Nov., 1858-June, ’61; was Principal of Rich¬ land Academy, Ind., i86i-’5; installed over Vinton and Pratt Creek, la., in Nov., 1865; released from the former in June, ’66, and from the latter Mar. 21, ’72; pastor at Andrew and THE MINISTRY. 529 Bethel, la., June 29, 1877-Feb. 4, ’79; was S. S. at Mission Creek, Neb., 1875-’6; dismissed to the Presbyterian Ch., Oct. 4, 1881. POIvLOCK, William C. (A.)*: Was graduated in 1823 at Jefferson, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Ap. 18, 1833, Muskingum Pres., and ordained May 27, ’35, by Ohio; pastor of Harmony and Unity, in Butler Co., Pa., May, 1835-May 4, ’52. In Oct, 1852, he joined the Asso. Ref. Ch., remained in Butler Co. supplying Scotch Hill and other places until i860, when he removed to Sangamon Co., Ill., where he resided (having been long on the infirm list), until his death in 187-. POPJCKR, Alexander (A. R.)*: Was born in 1770, in Abbeville District, S. C., just west of Parson’s Mountain; was educated at Dickinson, and studied theology with Dr. Nesbit, of Carlisle, Pa., and the Rev. John Jamieson, of Hannahstown, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was licensed Ap. 5, 1796, by Second Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained Ap. 2, ’98, by the Carolinas; was installed pastor of Cedar Springs and Long Cane, Abbeville District, S. C., at ordination; in the autumn of 1803 he resigned Long Cane, and in Sept. ’13, he also demitted Cedar Springs because of feebleness of health. In 1814 he concluded to seek a change of climate, and followed some of his people and some families from Hopewell to Preble Co., O., where he was soon joined by others. He became the pastor of the congregation ot Hopewell in Preble Co., and continued to be until Sept, 1833, when he resigned because of the infirmities of age. He preached occasionally for a year longer, as his health would permit, and died Mar. 29, 1836. Mr. Porter was a man of great worth and influence, was a preacher of much simplicity and yet of great power, and as a pastor was unexcelled. He built up in his new home a large congregation, which^ after his death, divided into three, and he was instrumental in leading a large number of young men into the ministry. Just before his death he took leave of his family. Begin¬ ning with his wife, he called them to his bedside one by one according to their age, and gave them his last advice, and took 530 THE MINISTRY. a solemn, though as he hoped, not an eternal farewell. An old and intimate friend came in at this time, and he said: “John, I have this morning been looking to see what Stephen saw, but have not seen it yet; but I hope I shall this day.” Exhausted by the effort, he began to sink into the arms of death, when he suddenly turned his head towards his friend and exclaimed with much animation, “John, all things are yours, whether Paul or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are yours, and ye are Chirst’s, and Christ is God’s,” and died. PORTER, Byron (A.)*: Was born Jan. 24, 1824, Bridgewater, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1845, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 26, 1849, ^7 Ohio Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Aug. 12, ’50, by the same; was pas¬ tor of Unity, Randolph Co., Ill., June, i85i-x\p., ’56; was installed in July, 1856; pastor of Shelocta, Elderton and Crete, Indiana Co., Pa.; was released from Crete in ’59, and retained the other two until his death, Nov. 28, 1876. PORTER, James C. (A. R.)* : Son of the Rev. Alexander; was born at Cedar Springs, Abbeville District, S. C., Dec. 6, 1809; was graduated at Jef¬ ferson in 1830, and studied theology with his father and at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1834, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 21, ’35, by the same; was pastor at Piqua, O., Ap., 1835-May 19, ’40; installed over Cedar Creek and Pope Creek, Mercer Co., Ilk, in Oct., ’41; resigned the latter in ’50 and the former in spring of ’63. He was confined to his bed for fourteen months, during three of which he was speechless, and died at Little York, Ill., Nov. 15, 1863, of a gradual decay of vital powers. He was one of the founders of Monmouth College. POTTER, Cyrus K. (A. R.): Was born near Noblestown, Pa.; was graduated at Wash¬ ington in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny; was li¬ censed May 31, 1853, Steubenville Pres., and ordained Oct. 3, ’57, by Second Illinois; accepted in ’57 a call from White Oak Grove, but returned it to Pres, before installation. THE MINISTRY. 531 He soon afterward joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now without charge at Stuart, la. PRESSLY, Harvey M. : Was born Sept. 19, 1845, Randolph Co., Ill.; was edu¬ cated at Monmouth, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1877, by Southern Illinois, and ordained Aug. 6, ’78, by the same; pastor at Oakdale, Washington Co., Ill., Aug. 6, 1878-Jan. 25, ’86; Ottawa, Kan., June 15, 1886- PRHSSEY, John Newton (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 20, 1813, in Hopewell, Preble Co., O.; was educated at Miami University, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny and Due West, S. C.; was licensed by the Second Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained June 27, ’38, by Indiana; was pastor of Bethesda, Shiloh and Richland, Rush Co., Ind., June 27, 1838-Ap. 15, ’51; at Lafayette, Ind., June, 1851-6; S. S. at Indianola, la., 1857-’8; pastor of Albia and Service, Monroe Co., Nov., 1858-’62; S. S. at Grandview and Harri¬ son, until his death, Aug. 22, 1866. PRESSLY, John Tayeor, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 28, 1795, in Abbeville District, S. C.; was graduated at Transylvania University, Ky., in 1812, and studied theology in New York under Dr. J. M. Mason; was licensed in the spring of ’15 by the Second Pres, of the Caro¬ linas, and ordained July 3, ’16, by the same; was pastor at Cedar Springs, S. C., July, 1816-Nov., ’31; was Prof, of The¬ ology in the Synod of the South, i825-’3i; was elected Prof, of Theology by the Synod of the West Oct. 10, 1831, and com¬ menced his career as such in the Allegheny Seminary on the 5th of Jan. following; was installed pastor of the First Ch. of Allegheny City, Aug. 23, 1833, and continued as professor and pastor until his death, Aug. 13, 1870. He was the Modera¬ tor at the organization of the United Presbyterian Ch. in 1858. In person he was large and dignified, and possessed unusual health and strength of body. He was systematic in all things, and particularly in his plans of study, and being a hard and laborious student he performed for a great portion of his life the work of two men, and for several years that of three, for he established and edited for some time the Preacher^ 532 THE MINISTRY. now known as the United Presbyterian. As a preacher he was simple, clear, earnest and Scriptural, and particularly ex¬ celled in expository lecturing. As a Professor of Theology he had few, if any, superiors. He was a master in every de¬ partment of the course of study, and made his instructions so clear that only the veriest dullard could fail to understand him, and with his students he was oracular. Publications: Baptism; Psalmody; Church Fellowship, each in a small vol¬ ume; The Grace of Christ, a Sermon in the Associate Re¬ formed Pulpit, Vol. I; a large number of Introductory Lec¬ tures and fugitive pieces. PRESSLY, Joseph Herst, D. D. (A. R.)*: Son of Dr. John T.; was born Ap. 20, 1817, in Abbeville District, S. C.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1841, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 20, ’45, by Lake; was pastor in Erie, Pa., from his ordination until his death. He died Nov. 3, 1874. PRESSLY, Mason Wyeie: Was born July 24, 1859, at Coddle Creek, Cabarrus Co., N. C.; was graduated at Erskine College, S. C., in 1879, and studied theology at Due West, S. C., and a post-graduate year at Princeton; was licensed in Ap., 1881, by the ist Pres, of the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South, and ordained Nov. 25, ’82, by the same; pastor in Chester, S. C., Nov. 25, 1882- Mar., ’86; joined the United Presbyterian Ch., and pastor of the North Ch., Philadelphia, since May, 1886. PRESTLEY, James, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born June 23, 1815, in county Down, Ireland, and brought in July, 1819, by his parents to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he was reared; was graduated at the Western University in 1833, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1836, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 25, ’37, by the same; was pastor of Raccoon and Hanover, Beaver Co., May, 1837-Sept. 8, ’40; pastor in Cincinnati, O., au¬ tumn, 1842-Dec., ’54; Franklin St., New York, spring, 1855- Sept., ’58; Second Ch., Pittsburgh, Dec., 1858-Dec., ’66; was Stated Clerk of General Synod of the Asso. Ref. Ch. THE MINISTRY. 533 1843-’58, and of the General Assembly of the United Presby¬ terian Ch. 1859-’63. He pnblished and edited the United Presbyterian^ a monthly magazine, printed in Cincinnati 1847-’53, seven volumes; also the Pulpit of the Associate Re¬ formed Churchy a monthly magazine containing sermons by Asso. Ref. ministers, 1850-’4, five volumes. Because of do¬ mestic difficulties he was suspended from the ministry Nov. 15, 1866, and allowed himself to be divorced by his wife. Marrying again, his previous wife still living, he was deposed from the ministry and excommunicated from the church Ap. 13, 1869. He was subsequently restored by Presbytery to the private membership of the church, and pending an appeal he got a certificate from a United Presbyterian session, and was received by the “Christian Union,” a congregational organi¬ zation in Ohio, and restored to the ministry and preached under its auspices as occasion offered, while he retained his home at Mansfield Valley, near Pittsburgh, where he died Ap. I, 1885. Publications: In addition to his editorial work he wrote the Biographical Sketches of Joseph Kerr, D. D., and his son Joseph R. Kerr, which are published in Sprague’s Annals. PRESTUEY, WiEEiAM Hazeett (A. R.): Brother of Dr. James; was born in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Miami in 1852, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in 1854, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained, shie titido^ June 12, ’55, by Big Spring; pastor at Chillicothe, O., Nov., 1856-Feb., ’75. In 1869 he and the congregation united with the Presbyterian Ch.; was pastor of Tuscola, Ill., and of Decatur, Ill. PRICE, James (A.): Was born Oct. 12, 1827, near Hillsborough, county Down, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 3, 1854, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’56, by Philadelphia; pastor of the present Seventh Ch., Philadelphia, Sept., 1856-July 7, ’73; Hoboken, N. J., Aug. 25, 1874-Dec. 24, ’77; of 127th St. Ch., New York, Ap. 23, 1878-Nov. 6, ’80; organized the 12th Ch., Philadelphia, Ap., 1882; S. S. till May 19, ’84, and pastor ever since. Publications: The Sabbath-school, a Ser- 534 THE MINISTRY. mon, pp. 16, 1859; Pastoral Letter on Non-attendance on Communion Services, 1864; The Vmeyard^ a monthly tract periodical, Jan., 1868-June, 1868; The Irish Presbyterian Chnrch, an historical pamphlet, 1870; A Biographical Sketch of the Rev. H. H. Blair, pp. 37, 1877; Revivals of Religion, Tract No. 15 of the United Presbyterian Board of Publica¬ tion, pp. 48, 1880; numerous sermons and articles in the positojy^ etc. gRINGLE, ^Francis (A.)*: Was Horn in 1747 in Kirkcaldy, Fifeshire, Scotland; was educated in the grammar school of his native place, and studied theology with the younger Moncrieff at Alloa; was licensed in 1778 by the Asso. Pres, of Kirkcaldy, and ordained by the Asso. Pres, of Belfast on the 25th of Aug., 1772; was pastor of the Asso. congregation of Gilnahirk, near Belfast, in Ireland, including his previous supplying, 1768-autumn of ’98. Some of the young men of his charge had taken the “United Irishmen’s Oath,” and became implicated in the rebellion, and as he was strongly loyal, trouble ensued, and he resigned, returned to Scotland and accepted from his Synod a mission to Nova Scotia. He landed in New York Sept. 26, 1799, and being unable to get a vessel for Nova Scotia, because of the yellow fever in the city, remained and preached for the Asso. congregation of New York until the next spring, and then on the 29th of Ap., 1800, was received to membership by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania. He was pastor at Carlisle, Pa., Aug. 27, 1802-May 14, ’32. He was Stated Clerk of the Associate Synod from its organization in 1801 until 1827, when, having attained the age of eighty years, he deemed it time to resign. After giving up his pas¬ toral charge in ’32, he retired to the house of his oldest son, who, after graduation in the University of Edinburgh, had come to this country and been for many years in the employ¬ ment of the Bank of New York. Still he could and would preach, and supplied some of the churches in Washington Co., N. Y. In the spring of ’33 he visited Newark, N. J., where he preached and spent the Sabbath at the house of a a friend. As he was dressing himself next morning his foot caught in a fold of the carpet, in consequence of which he THE MINISTRY. 535 fell and fractured liis thigh near the hip-joint. He was car¬ ried to his son’s home on a litter, and in a few months the fractured limb became dropsical, and his health gradually de¬ clined until the 2d of Nov., 1833, when he died in great peace. He was a remarkable textuary. You might recite any pas¬ sage of the Bible, and he could at once give the book, chapter and verse; or if you should mention the place, he could quote the passage. As might be expected, he was eminently a Scriptural preacher, and he had rare gifts for teaching or re¬ proving the old or young, both in public and in private. He was in “afflictions oft,” and always bore them with a patient and submissive spirit. He had thirteen children, all of whom except two died before their parents. His third son, a man of superior abilities and a graduate of Dickinson College, be¬ came partially deranged and was drowned during his father’s absence. The news of this heart-rending event reached the father just as he was about to enter the pulpit on Sabbath morning. With ready submission to the will'of God, and with the most calm self-control, he went through all the pub¬ lic services of the day, and yet for many years afterward he could not allude to the subject without manifest emotion. A casual visitor was present in the family when a letter was received announcing the sudden death of his son James, a pastor in North Carolina. Neither parent betrayed any vio¬ lent emotion. In a calm voice Mr. Pringle said to his wife: “Peggy, James never cost us a tear until now. ‘The Cord gave and the Lord hath taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord. ’ Let us retire and pray that we may obtain strength to bear with Christian fortitude our terrible bereavement.” He was respected, even revered, by Christians of other de¬ nominations, who loved to make him many and valuable presents. Even “those without” regarded him with rever¬ ence. Two men were working on the turnpike near Carlisle when he once passed on foot. The one said to the other, “There goes Mr. Pringle, he looks thinner than usual.” “Yes,” replied the other, “but he is all in Heaven excepting what you see of him.” Notwithstanding his affability and benevolence, he was firm and even stern when right and wrong were involved, and he was often original in the man- 536 THE MINISTRY. ner of his reproofs. Some of his rural parishioners, unused to sedentary habits, would occasionally fall asleep during the sermon. He would let them enjoy their nap until he thought they were sufficiently refreshed, then, without a pause in his discourse, he would bring down his Psalm Book upon the big Bible which always lay shut, with such force as to produce a tremendous crack that was sure to “ murder sleep. ” Publi¬ cations: The Qualifications and Duties of the Ministers of Christ, a Sermon preached before the Synod of Ireland in 1796; Prayer for the Prosperity of Zion, a Sermon. PRINGLE, Francis, Jr. (A.)*: Son of Rev. Francis; was born near Belfast, in Ireland, about 1789; was graduated at Dickinson in 1808, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Oct. i, 1812, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Nov. 29, ’14, by Chartiers; was pastor at Xenia and Sugar Creek, O., from his ordination until his death, which occurred Mar. 15, 1818, from consumption, while on a visit to his brother James, in North Carolina. PRINGLE, James (A.)*: Son of the Rev. Francis; was born in 1788 near Belfast, Ire¬ land; was graduated at Dickinson in 1808, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Oct. i, 1812, by the Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Ap. 8, ’14, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was pastor of Steel Creek and connections, in N. C., from his ordination until his death. He died from lung fever on the 28th of Oct., 1818, in the same bed in which his younger brother Francis had died the previous March. They were very much attached to each other, had been class¬ mates in College and Seminary, were licensed at the same time, were buried in the same grave and lie beneath the same monument. They were both young men of superior intellect and high culture, and James was particularly distinguished for great originality, a vivid imagination and ardent feelings. PRINGLE, James V. : Was born Sept. 9, 1845, Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Denison University, O., and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 13, 1863, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained THE MINISTRY. 537 May II, ’65, by Mansfield; was pastor of Utica and Mt. Ver¬ non, O., May, 1865-Dec., ’67; of Pana, Ill., Ap. 13, 1869- Feb. 20, ’77, and at Clayton, Ill., Aug. 27, 1879-Ap. 6, ’87; Clarinda, la., since Sept., 1887. Publication: Heliodorus’ Mission to the Temple, a poem pp. 10, i860. PRINGLE, WiEEiAM (A.)*: Was born in 1790, in Perth, Scotland; his father, the Rev. Alex. Pringle, D. D., was for more than sixty years the senior minister of the Asso. congregation of Perth, and his mother was a Moncrieflf of Culfargie. He was graduated at the Uni¬ versity of Edinburgh, and studied medicine, and as soon as admitted to practice emigrated to Canada. He soon after¬ ward changed his mind, returned home, and studied theology with Dr. Dick at Glasgow; was licensed Ap. 15, 1823, by the Pres, of Perth; came to the U. S. in the autumn of 1827; was ordained June 29, ’30, by Cambridge Pres.; pastor in Ryegate, Caledonia Co., Vt., June, 1830-June 21, ’52. He spent the last few years of his life upon a work called “ The Cosmogra¬ phy of Scripture^ ’ ’ which was almost finished. He was schol¬ arly and a good writer, but his delivery was unattractive from a mouthing of his words. He died suddenly on the morning of Dec. 14, 1855, from organic disease of the heart, while sit¬ ting at the breakfast table. PROCTOR, Francis Mitcheee (A. R.): Was born Mar. 6, 1830, at Lexington, Richland Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1856, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Nov. 9, ’58, by Caledonia; pastor at Cuylerville, Livingston Co., N. Y., Nov., 1858-Feb., ’66, since which time he has not been physically able to engage in the work of the ministry, and resides at Mansfield, O. PR 0 UU£IT^ Alexander, D. D. (A. R.)*: “Son of the Rev. James; was born at Pequea, Pa., in Nov., 1769. He was graduated at Columbia College, N. Y., in 1792, and studied theology with his father and Dr. J. H. Livingston of the Dutch Ch.; was licensed Oct. 7, 1794, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington, and by the same ordained and installed May 13, ’95, as the assistant and successor of 34 538 THE MINISTRY. his father in Salem, N. Y. He was one year, 1820, assistant Prof, in the Theo. Sem. in New York. On the 8th of Oct., 1835, he resigned the charge of Salem, and accepted the Sec¬ retaryship of the New York Colonization Society, which he resigned in the autumn of 1842. He died of catarrhal fever at New Brunswick, N. J., Ap. 17, 1843. possessed an excellent and well-cultured mind, was an earest and instruc¬ tive preacher, and a laborious and skillful pastor. His marked characteristics were consistent piety and benevolent activity. The following is a list of his publications: The Gospel Designed for all Nations, a Missionary Ser¬ mon, .1798 An Act on the Kingly Authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, prepared by order of the Associate Reformed Synod,.1798 The Spiritual Steward, a Synodic Sermon,.1802 The One Thing Needful, six Sermons,.1804 The Female Laborer in the Gospel,.1805 The Barren Fig Tree, and the Healing Balm, two Ser¬ mons, .1806 The Ruin and Recovery of Man, Sixteen Sermons, . . 1806 Our Danger and Duty, two Fast-Day Sermons, .... 1808 Ministerial Labor and Support, preached at the Inaugu¬ ration of Dr. H. Davis, as President of Middleburg College,.1810 Life and Immortality Brought to Light in the Gospel,. 1815 Tidings of Great Joy for All People, a Bible Society Sermon,.1816 The Extent of the Missionary Field,.1817 Personal Sobriety,.1820 Ministerial Duty and Encouragement,.1820 Lectures on the Parables,.1820 The Duties of the Watchman, a Synodic Sermon, . . . 1822 An Address in Reference to the Jews,.1825 An Address before the American Tract Society, .... 1825 An Address to Colored Emigrants,.1836 In addition to these he wrote nine or ten tracts which were printed and circulated by a female tract society in his congre¬ gation before the American Tract Society was organized. THE MINISTRY. 539 PROUDFIT, David (A. R.)*: ' Warborn in York Co., Pa., Mar. 23, 1770; received his literary training at Dobbin’s Classical School, Gettysburg, Pa.; studied theology with the Rev. John Jamieson, and was licensed Ap. 5, 1795, by the Second Pres, of Pennsylvania; was ordained and installed by the same Nov. 14, ’98, over Laurel Hill, including Dunlap’s Creek, i8oi-’i2, and East Liberty 1812-’16; was transferred to Crooked Creek, Muskin¬ gum Co., O., Ap. 21, 1824, where he died June ii, 1830. PROUDFIT, David Law (A. R.)*: Son of Dr. Robert; was born in 18 ii at Broadalbin, Ful¬ ton Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1831, and studied theology in Newburgh; was licensed by the Pres, of New York in the spring of 1835, and ordained, sine titiUo^ by the same, in Sept, ’36. He organized an Asso. Ref. congrega¬ tion in Buffalo, N. Y. and served it for a short time, when he contracted a cold, which seriously and permanently affected his vocal organs. In 1838 he was appointed Prof. 01 Biblical Literature in the Seminary at Newburgh, but offici¬ ated only two years, when he went into the book publishing business, and died in Newburgh, Dec. ii, 1847, from bron¬ chial consumption. PJg^DFIT, James (A.)*: Was Bbfhli^r Perth, in Scotland, in the year 1732; was graduated at one of the universities, and studied theology with Alexander Moncrieff, of Abernethy; was licensed in 1753 by the Pres, of Perth, and in July, ’54, was ordained by the same in view of going as a missionary to America. He landed in Boston in Sept, of the same year, and proceeded without delay to join Mr. Gellatly in eastern Pennsylvania. For four years he performed itinerant missionary work, and was then installed as pastor in Pequea, Lancaster Co., Pa. He went into the union of 1782, which formed the Asso. Ref. Ch.; and in the autumn of ’83 was transferred to Salem, N. Y., where he died from paralysis, Oct. 22, 1802. He was dis¬ tinguished for the gravity of his deportment, and for his pru¬ dence and wisdom in everything. His familiarity with the Scriptures was such that he could give the chapter and verse of any passage repeated. His religious experience was so 540 THE MINISTRY. deep and his religious knowledge so thorough and minute, that when he had sunk back to the imbecility of childhood in relation to every other subject, he could still bear his part in religious conversation with the same apparent relish and almost with the same degree of intelligence as in his better days. PROUDFIT, John Williams, D. D. (A. R.)*: Son of Dr. Alexander; was born in Salem, N. Y., Sept. 22, 1803; was graduated at Union in 1821, and studied theology with his father and at Princeton; was licensed by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington Ap. 13, 1825, and ordained, sine titulo^ by the same, Nov. 4th of the same year; was transferred Sept. I, 1827, Presbyterian Ch., to take charge of a congregation at Newburyport, Mass.; in 1833 became Prof, of Languages in the University of New York, and filled the same Professorship in Rutgers College from 1840 to 1859, and died Mar. 9, 1870, at New Brunswick, N. J. PROUDFIT, Leonard: Was born Feb. 22, 1833, Geneva, N. Y.; was gradu¬ ated at the Michigan University in 1859, and studied theol¬ ogy at Allegheny; was licensed May 2, 1866, by Lake Pres.; was ordained Oct. 18, ’68, by Des Moines, and installed pas¬ tor of Corydon and Promise City, in Wayne Co., la.; resigned Promise City in ’72, and became pastor of Jefferson for part time; resigned both Corydon and Jefferson July i, ’81; pastor of Orchard, and S. S. of Plainview, Neb., 1884- PROUDFIT, Robert, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in Hopewell, York Co., Pa., June 6, 1777; was graduated at Dickinson in 1798; studied theology with his cousin. Dr. Alex. Proudfit, in Salem, N. Y.; was licensed by the Pres, of Washington Ap, 20, 1802, and ordained by the same, and installed Ap. 18, ’04, in Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N, Y.; resigned in Oct, 1818, and became Prof, of Languages in Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., and so remained as active or emeritus professor until his death, Feb. ii, i860. PROUDFIT, Thomas Patterson: Grandson of the Rev. David; was born Mar. 3, 1835, near New Concord, O.; was graduated at Madison College in 1859, THE MINISTRY. 541 and studied theology in Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained by the same July 14, ’63, as a missionary in tl;e home field of Nebraska; was pastor of Bethel, Peoria Co., Ill., June, 1868-May, ’71, and of Union, Randolph Co., Ill., Ap. 24, 1872-Ap. 3, ’83; Taylors- town, Washington Co., Pa., Oct. 2, 1884- Was Teacher of Latin and Greek in the Sparta High School 1873-’76. Pub¬ lications: Christ’s Willingness to Save Sinners, A Sermon, 1868. PURDY, James Leiper (A.)*: Was born Sept. 17, 1821, near Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 14, 1853, Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 18, ’54, by Clarion; pastor of Pine Grove, Susquehanna and Clearfield, Pa., Oct., 1854-’59; was installed pastor of King’s Creek, Jan., i860, by Frankfort Pres., and also of Hanover in ’67; was released from the former in Ap., 1880, and from the latter in Ap., 1881; died suddenly Aug-. 10, 1885, at Florence, Pa. QUACKENBUSH, Daniel McL., D. D. (A.): Was born in Washington Co, N. Y.; was graduated at Co¬ lumbia College in 1836, and studied theology at New Bruns¬ wick; was licensed in 1839 by the Second Pres, of Cambridge, and ordained in Dec., ’41, by the same; was pastor of the Second Hebron congregation 1841-Nov. 15, ’48; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor of Warwarsing, Fishkill Landing, in Brooklyn, Hasting, and New York city. RAE, Wesley Spurgeon: Son of an officer in the British army; was born at Belfast, Ireland, in Oct, 1841; was a midshipman 1853-6; educated by private and government tutors, and at Queen’s College, Belfast, and King’s College, London; was ordained in 1864, by a Congregational Council; was pastor of a Congregational congregation in Buckinghamshire, 1864-’70; near Montreal, Can., 1870-’2; was for a time member of the Ohio Conference, Methodist Episcopal Ch.; out of the active duties of the min¬ istry for several years; joined the United Presbyterian Ch. in Sept, 1886, and pastor at Haysville, O., since July 30, 1887. 542 THE MINISTRY. RAINEY, Wituam H. (A. R.)*: Was a native of eastern Pennsylvania; was graduated at Dickinson in 1798, and studied theology privately; was licensed Oct. 30, 1800, by First Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained most probably about 1803 by the Pres, of Kentucky. He spent his whole ministry in the State of Kentucky, prin¬ cipally in Bourbon and Harrison counties; was released from Hinkston, Bourbon Co., Ap. ii, 1832, and remained without charge until his death, which took place a few years later. RAITT, George P. : Was born at Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in i860, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in May, ’61, by Delaware Pres., and ordained July 17, ’66, by Conemaugh; pastor of Taylorsville and connec¬ tions, Pa., July, 1866-June, ’69; was S. S. at Chariton, la., several years; was installed Sept. 8, ’74, over Montpelier, North Branch and St. Charles, Madison Co., la.; resigned the first of these in ’76, the second in ’80, and the last Ap. 15, ’84. RALSTON, Samuel Shannon, D. D. (A. R.): Was born May ii, 1809, near Nashville, Tenn.; was grad¬ uated at Jackson College, Tenn., and studied theology at Due West, S. C.; was licensed May 6, 1837, by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained in June, ’38, by Tennessee; was pastor at Head Springs, Tenn., June, 1838- Oct., ’43; Mt. Zion, Mo., Oct., 1843-Nov. ’60, and of Le Claire Prairie, la., i86i-Feb. 8, ’82. Publications: A New Theory of the Apocalypse, 8vo., pp. 208, 1858; Five Argu¬ ments for the Post-Millennial Theory of the Second Advent, a Pamphlet, pp. 32, 1873. His Apocalypse was the result 01 fifteen years’ laborious investigation. In a private letter he says: “That mystic symbol, the ‘four living creatures’ (page 92-103), well nigh cost me my life. The subject took fast hold of me, and could not be dismissed either by day or night. For six days and nights the subject was pursued incessantly. During that time I did not sleep one moment; could not leave off until the results were formulated and filed for subse¬ quent nse. By that time I had become weak, had lost my appetite, and my voice was almost gone. I verily thought I should never sleep again, but the inquiry being gone through. THE MINISTRY. 543 God gave his beloved sleep.” After twenty-two years he still expressed his entire confidence in the theory, but re¬ gretted that he allowed himself to guess as to the parts to be enacted by the existing nations, and would be glad to elimi¬ nate all such conjectures. RALSTON, William D. : Was born Aug. 9, 1835, at Slate Lick, Armstrong Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1859, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May i, 1861, by Butler Pres., and ordained Aug. 28, ’63, by Le Claire; pastor of Scotch Grove, Jones Co., la., Ang. 25, 1865-Ap. i, ’84; Morea, Crawford Co., Ill., Jan., 1887- Publication: Restricted Communion, a Tract, pp. 1876; Talks on Psalmody, i8mo., pp. 199, 1877. RAMSAY, James, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Mar. 23, 1771, in Lancaster Co., Pa., of Cov¬ enanter parents. While yet a child, the family moved to Washington Co., and Mr. Ramsay made a profession of faith in the Presbyterian Ch. under Dr. McMillan. At twenty-one he moved to a farm near Frankfort, Beaver Co., where, be¬ cause of the introduction of Watts’ Psalms and Hymns into the Presbyterian Ch., he joined the Asso. Ch. under the min¬ istry of Dr. John Anderson. He commenced his classical studies with his pastor, and was further educated in the Can- onsburg Academy, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson; was licensed Dec. 14, 1803, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 4, ’05, by the same; was pastor of Chartiers congrega¬ tion Sept. 1805-June, ’49. In 1821 he was chosen Prof, of Theology by the Asso. Synod, and discharged the duties of that office until 1842, when he resigned, having long deter¬ mined that he would not hold that office after reaching the age of seventy. He died Mar. 6, 1855, at the house of his. son-in-law, the Rev. Dr. W. M. McElwee. Dr. Ramsay was tall in stature and thin, possessed a sharp- and shrill voice and a slow delivery; yet the richness of his matter and the earnestness of his manner made him a profita¬ ble and by no means an uninteresting preacher. As a pro¬ fessor he performed most excellent service, and retired amidst the benedictions and grateful remembrances of the whole church. 544 THE MINISTRY. RAMSAY, James Paxton (A.)*: Son of the Rev. Dr. James; was born Aug. 26, 1809, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1827, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Aug. 27, 1833, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained July i, ’35, by Ohio; pastor of Deer Creek, Lawrence Co., Pa., July, i835-’57; was prevented from further ministerial work by feeble health, and died Jan. 30, 1862, at New Wilmington, Pa. RAMSAY, John Adams: Was born Oct. 4, 1846, near Portland Mills, Parke Co., Ind.; was graduated at the State University of Indiana in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 5, 1881, by Princeton Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ May 19, ’81, by the same; Missionary at Chase City and Blue Stone, Va., 1881- RAMSAY, Sample: Was graduated at Franklin in 1853, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in July, 1856, by Shenango Pres.; ordained in ’60 by Wheeling; pastor of New Matamoras, Pleasant Ridge and Brownsville, in the Pres, of Wheeling, 1860-’I; East Union, O., Aug. 19, 1862-Oct. 7, ’63; joined the Asso. Synod, and is now pastor of its congregations of West Liberty and New Brighton, Pa. RAMSEY, Robert George: Was born Oct. 25, 1861, in Washington Co., Ill.; was edu¬ cated at Monmouth, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 5, 1886, by Southern Illinois, and ordained June 14, ’87, by Wheeling; pastor of Cadiz, O., since ordina¬ tion. RANDLES, William N.*: Was born Mar. 14, 1837, at W. Hebron, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Union in 1859, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed May 6, 1862, by Argyle Pres., and or¬ dained May 4, ’64, by Albany; pastor at W. Charlton, Sara¬ toga Co., N. Y., May, 1864-Ap. 30, ’72; passed to the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor at Glenville, Schenectady Co., N. Y., 1873, until his death, Nov. 19, 1881. THE MINISTRY. 545 RANKIN^dam (A. R.)*: Was licensed in 1782, and ordained in 1784, and became pastor of the Mt. Zion Ch. in Lexington, Ky., and of Pisgah, six miles in the country, in 1784. He was the first Presby¬ terian pastor in Lexington, and perhaps in all that immediate region. The Pres, of Transylvania under the care of the Gen. Ass. of the Presbyterian Ch. was early organized in this part of Kentucky. The use of Watts’ Psalms and Hymns was authorized, and they were supplanting the Scotch version of the Psalms hitherto exclusively in use. Mr. Rankin op¬ posed this substitution and carried it as “a question of con¬ science” to the Gen. Ass. of 1789. Subsequently the matter came into Pres. Hard things were said in Pres, and out of it by both Mr. Rankin and those ministers who had introduced Watts. The result was he was regularly charged before Pres.: First, for saying that on some extraordinary occasions he re¬ ceived special directions from God, through the medium of dreams; and second, that he had repeatedly charged his brethren who used Watts with deism and blasphemy. He was found guilty and suspended. He denied positively the truth of both charges. No doubt but that he did attach too much importance to dreams; it was one of his peculiarities. But that he was sometimes directed from heaven in dreams he distinctly disavowed. As to the second charge, he formu¬ lated his accusation thus: ‘‘To say that anything dictated by the Spirit of God in the Old Testament is opposed to the spirit of the New is blasphemous; for both Testaments were dictated by the same Spirit and cannot be opposed to each other; nothing can be a stronger support for deism than to set the Word of God at odds against itself.” Mr. Rankin declined the authority of his Presbytery, and his own congregations remained with him, and large portions of many of the surrounding congregations sympathized with him, and these he organized into new societies. Transylva¬ nia Presbytery regarded all this as schismatical and proceeded to depose him. This was about 1793. Instead of starting a new denomination, he applied to the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania for admission. The Rev. John Young, of precious memory, was sent out to investigate the situation. 546 THE MINISTRY. and Mr. Rankin was received to the fellowship of the Asso. Ref. Ch. and his congregations supplied the material for the organization of the Pres, of Kentucky, which took place in 1800. In 1812 began that unfortunate difficulty between him and Dr. Robert H. Bishop, which resulted so disastrously to the interests of the Asso. Ref. Ch. in Kentucky. (See article Bishop, Robert H.) The Commission of the General Synod, which visited Kentucky in 1818, to adjudicate the matter be¬ tween Messrs. Bishop and Rankin, rebuked the former and suspended the latter. Mr. Rankin refused to submit to this suspension, as he had declined the authority of the Commis- sion^ but he carried the matter no further, and showed no in¬ clination to be any longer connected with the Asso. Ref. Ch. He was now superannuated, worn out with years and labors, and no longer able for active duties. There is a tradition that in 1824 started on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the Holy Land, and when he had arrived at Philadelphia his strength failed him and he died and was buried there. There can be no question that Mr. Rankin was “encom¬ passed with infirmities,” that he was sensitive, a little jeal¬ ous, impulsive and strong of will, so that he soon put himself on the defensive, and always with his face to the foe, and he had the misfortune of living at a time when ecclesiastical things did not always run smoothly. On the other hand, it is just as certain that he was loyal to the truth and valorous in its defence, however faulty in his methods. He was of un¬ questioned ,piety, and commanded the full confidence of those among whom he lived. He possessed unusual eloquence and power in the pulpit, and often moved a whole congregation to tears. The Commission worshipped one Sabbath in Mr. Rankin’s church, but he did not recognize any of them as ministers, and gave out the first eight or ten verses of the thirty-fifth Psalm, which the congregation sang with a fervor which showed that they were thinking of the Commission. One day, in his country congregation, after the period for “intermission,” he did not come in, and Mr. Meek, one of his old elders, went out to hunt him up, and found him in a THE MINISTRY. 547 neighboring cane-brake, prostrate upon his face, with his Bible open before him and w^et with tears. When told that the time was past and the people waiting, he answered, “I have not had the Master’s presence for the last week, and I cannot go. I cannot preach. ” When further urged, he asked Mr. Meek about the meaning of the text and to suggest some¬ thing for him to say, for that he was deserted and knew not what to say. Mr. Meek finally induced him to cast himself upon his Master’s support and make the trial. The result was a sermon of surpassing power and unction, so as to be memorable among his great sermons, of which there were not a few. RANKIN, Alexander Reed (A.): Was born Oct. 15, 1828, in Washington, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Washington in 1847, studied theology in Canons- burg; was licensed Oct. 2, 1851, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Aug. 17, ’52, by Northern Indiana; pastor of Morea, Ill., Aug., 1852-’6; Slippery Rock, Butler Pres., Feb., 1857- ’61; then thrown aside for several years by illness; was pastor of Xenia Prairie, Ill., i866-’72; Milroy and Vienna, Ind., Jan., 1873-June 27, ’76; Murraysville and Beulah, Westmore¬ land Co., Pa., June 10, 1879-Feb. 16, ’86; Americus, Kan., since Mar. 31, 1886. RANKIN, James Doig: Son of the Rev. Alex. R.; was bom July 14, 1855, in Craw¬ ford Co., Ill.; was graduated at Westminster in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 10, 1884, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Sept. 25, ’85, by Colo¬ rado; pastor in Denver, Col., since ordination. RANKIN, James Graham (A.)*: Brother of Alex. R.; was born in Warren, Jefferson Co., O., in 1821; was graduated at Washington in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 15, 1847, Char- tiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 18, ’47, by Northern Indiana; was pastor of Robinson congregation, Washington Co., Pa., from Ap., 1849, u-iitil his death, Nov. 6, 1868. RAWSON, William T. : Was received in Ap., i860, by the Pres, of St. Fouis from 548 THE MINISTRY. the Baptist Ch., having been ordained Ap. 4, 1850, by a Bap¬ tist Council. After supplying in Illinois for three or four years he went to Michigan in 1865, and supplied Marlette and its connections, in Sanilac and Lapeer counties, 1865-’78; and joined the Presbyterian Ch. in Ap., 1881. RKASONER, John R.*: Was born Dec. 10, 1836, in Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 22, 1863, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’65, by Wabash; pastor at Idaville, Ind., Ap., 1865- ’6; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Elmwood and at Collinsville, Ill., where in a fit of insanity he com¬ mitted suicide. May 21, 1885. REED, George Murray: Was born July 22, 1848, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1873, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny and Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 7, 1875, by First New York Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’76, by Mansfield; pastor of Haysville and Monroe, Ashland Co., O., Ap., 1876- Ap. 20, ’80, and at Newville, Pa., since Sept. 28, 1880. REED, James Alexander: Was born Feb. 20, 1855, in New York city; was graduated at Westminster in 1882, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 29, 1884, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Dec. ii, ’85, by Neosho; pastor at Emporia, Kan., Feb. 25, 1886-Dec., ’86; Grove City, Mercer Co., Pa., Ap. 19, 1887- REED, Samuel Barr, D. D. (A.)*: Was born June 6, 1831, in Huntingdon Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1853, and studied theology at Canons¬ burg and Xenia;^ was licensed May 16, 1856, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Ap. 29, ’57, by Allegheny; was pastor of First Ch., Pittsburgh, Ap., 1857-July ii, ’59; Fifth Ch., Pittsburgh, Feb. 28, 1860-Mar. 31, ’74; S. S. at Evans, Col., 1874-’6, and at Knoxville, Tenn., 1877-1881. He was Prof, of Theology in Knoxville College during his residence there; pastor at Evans, Col., Ap. 7, 1882-Ap. 6, ’83, and supplied at Davenport, la., until his death, Ap. 10, 1884. Publica¬ tions: A Sinner Saved, a Tract; The Polished Jewel, an THE MINISTRY. 549 Address; a I^ectiire on Pastoral Visitation; a Thanksgiving Sermon. REED, WiEEiAM G. (A. R.): Was born in 1828 in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Duquesne in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 28, 1849, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Mar. 28, ’54, by Eawrence; pastor of Mahoning and Harbor Mar., 1854-’7; of Harmarville, Allegheny Co., since Aug., i860, and of Springdale as a branch since Dec. 14, ’75. REID, Archibald (A.)*: Was born Nov. 12, 1809, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1836, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 17, 1840, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained Jan. 20, ’42, by the same; pastor at Cambridge, N. Y., from his ordination until his death Feb. 27, 1847. REID, David Fullerton (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 5, 1810, in Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1838 and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1841, by Blairsville Pres., and ordained in Nov., ’41, by Mansfield; pastor of Millersburg, Mill Creek and White Eyes, O., Nov., 1841-’56; Uniontown and Egypt, O. , July, 1857-’64; Pepin, Wis., 1867-’76;-his health having failed, he retired to Eockport Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa., where he died Dec. 13, 1880. REID, Edward Fortescue, Ph. d: Was born at Kinross, Scotland, of Irish parents; was partly educated at Queen’s College, Belfast; came to the U. S. in 1858, and was graduated at Hanover, Ind., in 1861; served in the cavalry throughout the civil war, rising from a private to a captain; taught at Hanover, and at Wooster, O.; was Prof, of Languages in Ohio Central College, i868-’7o; Pres, of the same 1870-’74; Prof, of Latin and Hebrew in Monmouth since 1874; studied theology privately; licensed Aug. 31, 1881, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 29, ’83, by the same; S. S. of Smith Creek, Warren Co., Ill., since 1882. REID, John (A. R.): Was received May 23, 1849, ^Y Pres, of New York as a licentiate from the Duncannon Pres, in Ireland; and ordained 550 THE MINISTRY. June 28, ’50, by that Pres.; pastor at Bloomingburgh, N. Y., June, i85C)-Ap., ’58, after which he returned to Ireland. REID, Robert, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 5, 1781, near Belfast, Ireland; came to Phil¬ adelphia in 1798; was graduated at the University of Penn¬ sylvania in 1805, studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1809 by the Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Oct. 21, ’12, by Monongahela; was at ordination installed as pastor of Erie and Waterford, Pa., giving to the former three-fourths of his time and to the latter the other fourth; resigned Waterford June 30, ’41, and retained Erie until his death. May 15, 1844. He was largely instrumental in founding the Academy in Erie, and supported it in every way; being a very superior mathematician, he gave in it oc¬ casional lectures on astronomy as long as he lived. Upon one occasion he was thrown from his carriage upon his head and greatly stunned; after consciousness returned he found that he had lost all knowledge of Hebrew, and was compelled to be¬ gin with the alphabet in reacquiring it. In the war of 1812 he acted as chaplain to Perry’s fleet, and served in the same capacity for the army on land, and when the enemy approached he took his place in the ranks to assist in repelling the attacks. Publications: A Funeral Sermon on the Death of Lieut. Brooks, U. S. N., 1813; The Reign of Truth and Righteous¬ ness (about to commence), a Sermon, 1824; Observations on Dr. Watts’ Preface to the Psalms of David, a pamphlet, 1825; The Seven Last Plagues, being Dissertations on the Prophe¬ cies of the Book of Daniel, and on the Book of Revelation, 8vo., 1828; Helps to Christian Devotions, consisting of Criti¬ cal Translations of and Dissertation on the first twenty-three Psalms, i2mo., 1833; Two Tracts on Church Government, 1839 and 1841. REID, Samuel C. (A.)*: Was born Sept. 26, 1824, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 18, 1853, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 26, ’56, by Muskingum; was pastor of Ridge and Clearfork, O., Oct, 1856-Ap., ’59; of Cherry Run, Clarion Co., Pa., May, i860-’64; installed over Centreville and Springfield, THE MINISTRY. 551 Butler Pres., June, 1865; resigned the former in ’67 and the latter Jan. 15, ’78; pastor of Hookstown and Tuinlinson Run, Pa., Jan. 14, 1879-Ap. ii, ’82; died from paralysis, Feb. 4, 1887. REID, WiLEiAM Hervey: Was born July 7, 1827, Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1855, and studied the¬ ology at Oxford under Dr. Claybaugh, and in the Ref. Pres. Sem. in Philadelphia; was licensed May 20, i860, by the Ref. Presbyterian Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained in ’62 by the Northern (Ref Pres.); was pastor at West Barnet, Vt., 1862-’7; joined the United Presbyterian Ch. in 1872; pastor at Walton, Ontario, Canada, Jan. 7, i88o-’3; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., in 1886, and is at Melvern, Kan. REID, WiEEiAM James, D. D. : Was born Aug. 17, 1834, in S. Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1855, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 2, 1861, by Argyle Pres., and ordained Ap. 7, ’62, by Monongahela; has been pastor of First Ch., Pittsburgh, since ordination. Was Secretary of the Board of Home Missions, i868-’72; was Chairman of the Committee to prepare the Digest, 1876; and has been Princi¬ pal Clerk of the General Assembly since 1875; delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. Publications: Unseen Battles of Youth, a Sermon; The Nation’s Duty to the Na¬ tion’s Dead, a Sermon; Eectures on the Revelation, 8vo., pp. 610; United Presbyterianism, i8mo., pp. 192, 1881. REN WICK, Andrew: Was born Oct. ii, 1842, at Idaville, White Co., Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 27, 1866, by Wabash Pres., and or¬ dained, sine titulo^ Nov. 26, ’67, by the same; was S. S. at Lafayette, Jnd., 1867-’9; Pastor at Olathe, Kan., May 2, 1869- June 24, ’74; at S. Henderson, Ill., since Oct. 24, 1875. Publication: A Historic Discourse of South Henderson, pp. 32, 1876. REN WICK, John (A. R.)*: Was licensed Jan. i, 1807, by the Second Pres, of Carolina, 552 THE MINISTRY. and ordained June 28, ’09, by the same; was pastor of Gil¬ der’s Creek, Newberry Co., S. C., and supply to Warrior’s Creek 1809-’14, and then preached as supply in that section of country until his death. He was a man of more than ordi¬ nary intellect and attainments, and in conversation very ready and very fluent^ but in preachingland praying he hesi¬ tated and stammered. A good man, and in many ways a use¬ ful man. REN WICK, John Arthur: Brother of the Rev. Andrew; was born May 16, 1852, at Idaville, Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1879, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 9, 1881, by Wabash Pres., and ordained Ap. 19, ’82, by Chillicothe; pas¬ tor of Tranquillity, Adams Co., O., Ap. 19, 1882-Ap., ’87; Biggsville, Ill., May, 1887- REYNOLDS, John (A. R.)*: Was born Feb. 25, 1804, in Cumberland Co., Pa., and reared in the Forks of Yough, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1823, studied theology with the Rev. Alex. Porter; was licensed in Oct., 1825, First Ohio Pres., and ordained June 28, ’26, by the same; was supply and pastor-elect at Kaskaskia, Ill., 1826-’9; S. S. of Sidney and Piqua, O., i829-’3i; pastor of Providence and Mt. Pleas¬ ant, Clinton and Montgomery counties, Ind., 1832-’40; Con¬ cord and Clear Creek, O., 1840-Ap., ’45; Fairhaven, Preble Co., O., 1845 until his death. Sept. 4, 1846. REYNOLDS, John Abercrombie, D. D. : Son of the Rev. John; was born Dec. 9, 1836, at Frankfort, Clinton Co., Ind.; was graduated at Miami in 1859, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in June, 1861, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained June 17, ’63, by Mon¬ mouth; was pastor of Cedar Creek, Warren Co., Ill., June, 1863-’72; at Rock Island, Ill., Oct. 15, 1872-Oct. 13, ’85; Putnam, N. Y., since Dec. 9, 1885. Publication: Faith and Assurance, a Sermon, pp. 22. RICHEY, John Euuiott*: Was born Aug. 15, 1839, at Norwich, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny THE MINISTRY. 553 and Xenia; was licensed Ap. i6, 1867, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained July 14, ’68, by St. Louis; was pastor of Hope- well, Perry Co., Ill., from his ordination until his death, Dec. 30, 1874. RICHIE, WiEEiAM Marshall: Was born May 16, 1832, near Mansfield, O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1857, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1861, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Sept. II, ’62, by Frankfort; was pastor at Hanover, Pa., Sept., 1862-June 20, ’65; Crawfordsville, la., Ap. 26, 1866-June 21, ’71; Paxton, Ill., Oct. 27, 1872-Ap. 10, ’77; Springhill, Ind., May 2, 1877-Ap. 2, ’79; S. S. in Martin, Mich.; pastor at Marshalltown, la., Ap. ii, i88i-’83; Burchard, Neb., since May 23, 1884- RICHIE, WiEEiAM Neeson: Was born Feb. 13, 1846, in Shelby Co., Tenn.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 27, 1876, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. 19, ’77, by Second New York; pastor of the 44th St. Ch., New York, from ordination to Mar. 20, ’82, when he joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is located in Philadelphia. RIDDELL, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: WasFbTiriEri758, in county Monaghan, Ireland; was grad¬ uated at Glasgow University, Scotland, in 1782, and studied theology in the Burgher Hall under John Brown, of Hadding¬ ton; was licensed June 14, r788, and ordained on the i8th of Nov. of the same year by the Burgher Pres, of Monaghan; was pastor of the congregation of Donaghloney, in county Down, Nov., 1788-’93. He emigrated to the U. S., and on the 15th of May, 1794, was received by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and accepted the same day a call from the congregations of Robinson Run and Union, a short dis¬ tance west of Pittsburgh, and was installed Aug. 15, ’94. He resigned Union Sept, ii, ’16, and retained the other until his death, Sept. 4, 1829. He possessed a mind of a very superior order; was not only scholarly, but he thought clearly, log¬ ically, profoundly, and had very great influence in his eccles¬ iastical relations. He was very much attached to the distinc- 35 554 TPIE MINISTRY. tive principles of the Asso. Ref. Ch., and in the Old General Synod steadily opposed every innovation, and was one of the leaders in the reorganization of the Synod of Scioto into the Independent Synod of the West. His last illness was pro¬ tracted and painful, but he was upheld by the arm of his Master, and cheered by the light of his countenance. Some of his last words were: “It is nothing to die in Christ; I am sinking fast, but I am not afraid, for the arm of God is sup¬ porting me.” His very last words were: “I am going home.” RIDDELL, Joseph Kerr (A. R.)*: Youngest son of Dr. John; was born near Noblestown in Allegheny Co.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1832, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 19, 1843, by Steuben¬ ville Pres., and ordained, sme titulo^ in Ap., ’45, by Mans¬ field; was pastor of Bear Creek, Mt. Varnum and Lawrence- burg, in Butler Co., Pa., 1847-Sept. 6, ’48. He soon after¬ ward left the ministry, and studied and practiced medicine, and was drowned Ap. 8, 1875, in the Boisd’Arc, near Elwood, Texas. RIDDLE, Clinton: Was born Sept. 29, 1851, near Clintonville, Venango Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, studied the¬ ology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 7, 1875, by First New York Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’78, by Neosho; pastor at Walton, Harvey Co., Kan., Ap. 2, 1879-Ap. 12, ’81; Dunbar, Neb., Nov. 16, 1886- RILEY, John R. (colored): Was received in 1867, as a licentiate from the Presbyterian Ch. of Canada, and employed by the Freedmen’s Board in Tennessee; was ordained in 1868, by the Pres, of Tennessee, and transferred to the Mission in Leavenworth, Kan.; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1870, and located in Louisville, Ky., and subsequently in Washington city. RIPPEY, John, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Nov. 24, 1828, near Geneva, N. Y.; was gradu- uated at Union in 1851, and studied theology at Newburgh and Princeton; was licensed Dec. 14, 1852, by Caledonia Pres., and ordained Aug. 6, ’56, by Saratoga; pastor of W. Kort- ‘THE MINISTRY. 555 right, Delaware Co., N. Y., Aug., 1856-Nov., ’66; at Cuyler- ville, Ivivingston Co., N. Y., since Dec. 26, 1866. RISK, David (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland, and educated in Scotland, studying theology under Dr. Lawson in class of 1794, a classmate of Dr. James Laurie; was licensed by the Burgher Pres, of Derry, in Ireland; was received Jan. 14, 1802, by the Asso. Ref. Pres. 01 New York, and ordained in Nov. 1804, by Kentucky; pastor of Cherry Fork and Bagle Creek, Adams Co., O., 1804-’8; declined a call to Hopewell, Preble Co., before Mr. Porter’s arrival; pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Sycamore and Clear Creek, Butler and Warren counties, O., i8o8-’i3; married the widow of Israel Ludlow of Cumminsville, O., turned farmer and lived and labored upon her farm, which is now included in the bounds of the beautiful “Spring Grove Cemetery ’’ at Cin¬ cinnati, where he died in Oct., 1818. RITCHIE, Andrew (A. R.): Was born in New Leeds, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Dec. 26, 1826; came to the U. S. in 1848; was graduated at Woodward College in Cincinnati in 1851, and studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed in 1852 by First Ohio Pres., and ordained in ’53 by Chillicothe; was pastor at Greenfield and Fall Creek, Highland Co., O., 1853-’65; united with the Presbyterian Ch., and has been editor and secretary of the Western Tract Soci¬ ety, Cincinnati, O. He has published about a dozen different works, running from 96 to 576 pages each. ROBB, John Porterfieed, D. D. : Was born Mar. 18, 1830, in Harrison Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in June, 1858, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’60, by Boston; was pastor in Providence, R. I., Ap., 1860-Sept., ’73; S. S. 1874-’5, in Indianapolis, Ind.; pastor of Iberia, Morrow Co., O., since Nov. 17, 1875; is also Presi¬ dent of Ohio Central College at Iberia. ROBB, William Andrew: Brother of John P.; was born July 13, 1832, in New Athens, Harrison Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1855, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 10, 1861, by 556 THE MINISTRY. Wheeling Pres., and ordained Ap. 23, ’63, by Xenia; has been pastor of Jamestown, Greene Co., O., since ordination. He was Prof, of Mathematics in Muskingum College during 1857. ROBERTSON, Gilbert Hamilton (A. R.): Was born in S. Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was grad¬ uated at Union in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 22, 1855, by the Asso. Pres, of Cambridge, and ordained July 13, ’58, by the Asso. Ref Pres, of Wash¬ ington; was pastor of Hebron, N. Y., July, 1858-Mar. 28, ’60; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Troy, N. Y., in Springfield, Ill., and in Louisville, Ky. Has no ecclesias¬ tical connections, and is editor at Sandwich, Ill. ROBERTSON, James Lovejoy: Was born Sept. 5, 1837, in Steubenville, O.; was graduated at Geneva College, O., in 1855, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed June 9, 1857, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained July 12, ’59, by Caledonia; was pastor in Geneva, N. Y., July, 1859-May 15, ’67; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and held several pastorates, and is at Hadley, Pa. ROBERTSON, John Lyfier: Was born at Thorold, Ontario, Canada; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 28, 1865, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Mar. 22, ’67, by Stamford; pastor of Walton, Canada, i867-’8; Plumer, Venango Co., Pa., 1870-’4; Leesburg and Plain Grove, Mer¬ cer Co., Pa., 1874-’7; joined the Presbyterian Ch., of Canada, and became pastor at Strabane. ROBERTSON, John S. (A. R.); Was born in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Du- quesne College in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; w^as licensed Mar. 28, 1849, Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained June 9, ’52, by First Ohio; was pastor of Mt. Pleas¬ ant, in Butler Co., O., June, 1852-Ap. 3, ’66; at Walton, Ontario, Canada, i866-’8; was S. S. at Lowell, Mass., 1869; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Waterman, Ill. ROBERTSON, Peter Cowan (A. R.): Was born Mar. 17, 1811, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1839, and studied theology at THE MINISTRY. 557 Newburgh; was licensed June i, 1842, by New York Pres.', and ordained July 23, ’47, by the same; was pastor at White Lake, Sullivan Co., N. Y., Ap. 8, 1848-July 7, ’52; S. S. at Freedom and Eagle Village, Cattaraugus and Wyoming coun¬ ties, N. Y., for a year, and pastor at Howard, Steuben Co., N. Y., Oct. 27, 1858-June, ’83; had been S. S. for some time before installation at both White Lake and Howard. ROBERTSON, Robert B.*: Brother of John S.; was born in 1839 in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1865, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1865, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 30, ’67, by Butler; pastor at Freeport and Buffalo, Armstrong Co., from his ordination until his death. Sept. 14, 1872. Publication: He was the principal one in preparing and arranging the Music of the United Presbyte¬ rian Psalter. ROBERTSON, Wieeiam: Was born Mar. 14, 1828, in Glasgow, Scotland, studied theology privately under the direction of the Pres, of Detroit; was licensed Nov. 15, i860, by the Detroit Pres., and ordained Mar. 26, ’61, by the same; was pastor of Troy and Southfield, Mich., Mar., i86i-Ap. 21, ’68; Blockway, Red House and Clyde, Mich., Sept, i868-Ap., ’75; General Missionary in Mich., Ap., 1875-Sept., ’78; pastor at Parker’s Landing, Armstrong Co., Pa., Jan. 21, 1879-Jan. 15, ’84. ROBINSON, Charees Henry: Son of Dr. W. J.; was born Oct. 23, i860, at Beulah, Mon¬ roe Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1886, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained July 27, ’86, by Caledonia; pastor at Mumford, Monroe Co., N. Y., since ordination. ROBINSON, George Aeexander Boyd: Was born July 17, 1844, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Jefferson in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1868, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained June 29, ’69, by the same; was pastor at Temperance- ville, near Pittsburgh, June, 1869-Mar. 26, ’72; Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., May 19, 1873-Mar. 27, ’76; Jersey City, N. 558 THE MINISTRY. J., June 27, 1877-Ap. 9, ’78; Brookville and Jefferson, Jeffer¬ son Co., Pa., since May 8, 1878. ROBINSON, Joseph B. (A. R.)*: Was received June 15, 1848, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York from the Congregational Union of England and Wales; was pastor at E. Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., Oct. 9, 1849- ’52; transferred in the autumn of 1854 to the Presbyterian Ch. in Canada. ROBINSON, William John, D. D. : Was born Aug. 5, 1833, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1856, and studied theology at New¬ burgh and Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 21, 1858, by Wash¬ ington Pres., and ordained Dec. 6, ’59, by Caledonia; was pastor of Beulah, Monroe Co., N. Y., Dec., 1859-Jan. 22, ’73; First Ch., Allegheny, since Ap. 9, 1873; delegate to the Pres¬ byterian Council of 1884. ROCKWELL, Abner Otis: Was born May 10, 1820, in Cambridge, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1843, studied theology at the Allegheny Sem. (Pres.); was licensed Sept. 3, 1845, Beaver Pres. (Pres.), and ordained Jan. 16, ’48, by New Lis¬ bon (Pres.); pastor of Hubbard and Coitsville, O., 1848-Ap., ’53; Mingo, Pa., Oct., 1853-Oct., ’58; Lebanon, Allegheny Co., Pa., Oct., 1858-Oct., ’68; Frankfort, Washington Co., Pa., 1869-Oct., ’76; joined the United Presbyterian Ch., in 1883, and is engaged in Home Mission work. RODGERS, Andrew A. (A.)*: Grandson of the Rev. John; was born in 1829 Monroe Co., Mo.; was graduated at Washington in 1849, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 17, 1853, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Aug. 21, ’56, by Iowa; was pastor of Homestead, Rock Island Co., Ill., Aug., 1856-Ap., ’58; engaged in missionary work for a year, then ceased to preach, and in i860 dropped from the roll of the church. He ceased preaching because he had become skeptical. He never renounced Christianity nor became an opponent of the gospel or the church, but kept up the forms of worship as long as he lived. His mental and spiritual history was a THE MINISTRY. 559 very sad one. He claimed that his doubts were constitutional, and his mind was perhaps more at fault than his heart. He died Feb. 17, 1875. RODGERS, James, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Dec. 22, 1800, at Ballinahinch, in county Down, Ireland, and received a liberal English education with a view to the profession of a civil engineer. In 1820 he came to the U. S. and settled in Crawford Co., Pa.; changed his plans of life and resolved to study for the ministry. He was graduated at the Western University in 1826, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in the summer of 1830 by the Alle¬ gheny Pres., and was ordained Oct. 20, ’31, by Chartiers; pastor of Noblestown and Ohio congregations, Chartiers Pres., Oct., 1831-June, ’38; Allegheny City (now Second United Presbyterian), July, 1838-Ap. 4, ’60; was Superintendent of the Board of Publication, 1859 ^^iitil his death, July 23, 1868. In his last moments he seemed to those about him to be suf¬ fering greatly, but he insisted that he did not suffer at all, saying: “I know I am sick; I must be very sick, but I have no pain. I wonder if this is dying; it is so strange.” Among his last words he was heard to say, “ Peace, peace, peace; all is peace.” Publication: Eectures on Pilgrim’s Progress, 8vo. RODGERS, James: Was ordained July 12, 1833, by York Pres, of the United Presbyterian Ch. of Canada; was received Oct. 21, 1859, ^7 the Pres, of Xenia; was S. S. to Canonsburg and Leipsic, Hancock Co., O., for 1863, and pastor Oct., 1864-8; S. S. at Vandalia, Owen Co., Ind., 1869-’70; S. S. for Eden Prairie and Glendale, in Scott Co., Minn., for a year, and then pastor July 16, 1872-Oct. I, 1875; S. S. for Caledonia, in Wabasha, Minn., 1876-’8, and is without charge and infirm at Hastings, Minn. RODGERS, John, M. D. (A.)*: Was born ifi'T745 in Crieff, Perthshire, Scotand; was grad¬ uated at the University of St. Andrews, and studied theology with the younger Moncrieff at Alloa, to which he added a full course of medecine. 1770 he was appointed by his Synod as a missionary to America, and was ordained during 560 THE MINISTRY. the summer and sailed in the autumn in company with John Smith. They had a long, tedious passage, and landed late in the winter. They were instructed by the Synod to require the Pres, of Pennsylvania to annul the agreement made in 1767 with Telfair and Kinlock, who had been sent out by the Burgher Synod, and, in case of the Presbytery’s refusal, to organize a. new Pres. On the 4th of June, 1771, they met with the Pres, at Pequea, Lancaster Co., Pa., and submitted their instructions. On the evening of the next day the Pres, took action on this matter, and admitted “ they had taken some steps inconsistent with their subordination to the Synod,” but unanimously resolved that “they do nqt judge it for edification, in their present peculiar circumstances, ex¬ plicitly to comply with the Synod’s demands.” The com¬ missioners were sensible men, and when they had gotten on the ground and fully understood the circumstances of the case, they concluded that the Pres, had acted more wisely than the Synod, and they pursued the matter no further, but handed in their certificates and quietly took their seats as coordinate members; and this was the last trouble that the Scotch Burgess Oath ever gave to Seceders in America. Mr. Rodgers was pastor of the congregations of Big Spring, at Newville, Cumberland Co., Pa., and East Conecocheague, near Brown’s Mill, four miles from Greencastle, and of West Conecocheague, at Slate Hill, near Mercersburg, in Franklin Co., 1772-Ap. 4, ’81. In Oct., 1777, the Pres, first began to consider the case of Mr. Rodgers, “of whom it is known that he has taught a number of tenets which the Pres, judge not agreeable to our received principles.” The investigation lingered on until Ap. 4, ’81, when he was “deposed from the ministry and excommunicated from the fellowship of the church with the lesser sentence of excommunication.” The doctrinal errors for which he was deposed were, “That man¬ kind in their fallen state are not under the law as a covenant; that the law written on Adam’s heart and the law given at Sinai are two distinct laws; that the latter is no part of the Covenant of Works; that Christ did not purchase by his obedience and death any blessings of the Covenant of Grace.” Messrs. Proudfit, Henderson, Marshall and Clarkson were THE MINISTRY. 561 against him, while Messrs. Smith, Logan and Murray de¬ fended him. When Messrs. Marshall and Clarkson, in June, 1782, protested against the adoption of the basis of union with the Ref Presbyterian Pres., and withdrew, it left Mr. Rodgers’ friends in the majority, and they restored him to the ministry. He went into the union and was present at the organization of the Asso. Ref Synod, Nov. i, 1782. He was pastor of the congregations at Timber Ridge, Rockbridge Co., and Old Providence, Augusta Co., Va., 1783-’90. In 1789 charges were preferred against him in Synod, and Messrs. Dobbin, Boyse and Smith were appointed to go to investigate them. Upon their report Synod in 1790 sus¬ pended him, and as he had received a thorough medical edu¬ cation, he concluded to give up the ministry and give his time to the practice of medicine. He soon acquired a large prac¬ tice, and continued it until his death, which took place in 1812 on his farm at Timber Ridge. He left eight sons and two daughters, and many of his descendants are worthy mem¬ bers of the United Presbyterian Ch. at Mercer, Pa., and around Monmouth, Ill. ROE, John Calvin: Was born May 4, 1847, Richland Co., O. ;was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1877, Mansfield Pres., and ordained July 8, ’79, by Frankfort; pastor at Service, Beaver Co., Pa., July 8, 1879-Oct. 15, ’82; Kenton, O., June 21, 1887- ROGERS^ James (A. R.)^: Was born Aug. 2, 1768, in county Monaghan, Ireland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology two terms with Dr. Lawson, at Selkirk, Scotland, and was then licensed Sept. 8, 1789, that he might go to South Carolina with a brother and a sister. He landed at Charleston, S. C., on the 25th of Dec., and soon went to Fairfield and Abbeville Districts; was present at Long Cane at the organization of the Asso. Ref. Pres, of the Carolinas and Georgia, Feb. 24, 1790, and officiated as clerk, and was ordained Feb. 23, ’91, by this Pres. He was installed at ordination in the pastorate of Ebenezer in Fairfield District, and of Canon Creek and King’s Creek in Newberry District. About 1815 he resigned 562 THE MINISTRY. the Newberry churches and retained Ebenezer until his death in the summer of 1830, from the effects of a polypus. He was decidedly attractive and popular as a preacher, and equally so as a man in his private intercourse. ROGERS, Robert: Was born July 13, 1847, Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 30, 1868, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 31, ’71, by Albany; pastor of Flor¬ ida, Montgomery Co., N. Y., since ordination. ROSEBURG, George A.: Was born July 20, 1848, in Columbiana Co., O.; was grad¬ uated in 1872 at Westminster, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1880, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Dec. 13, ’81, by Cleveland; pastor of Liberty, Trum¬ bull Co., O., since ordination. ROSS, James Francis: Was born Mar. 6, 1859, at Monmouth, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1881, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. I, 1885, by College Springs Pres., and ordained Dec. 29, ’86, by Monmouth; pastor at Elmira, Ill., since ordination. ROSS, John S.*: Was born Sept. 27, 1828, near Lexington, Richland Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1861, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, ’63, by Allegheny, and ordained Ap. 5, ’65, by Keokuk; pastor of Birmingham, la., Oct, 1866-June, ’73; Wilsonville, Neb., 1883-Ap. 7, ’86. Died Jan. 20, 1887. ROSS, Martin L. : Was born in Ireland, and came to the U. S. when quite young. While clerking in Philadelphia he studied at night, and thus fitted himself for college; was graduated at Mon¬ mouth in 1866, and studied theology at Monmouth and New¬ burgh; was licensed in Ap., 1867, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained May 4, ’69, by Second New York; pastor of First Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., May, 1869-Mar. 4, ’72; of Iberia, Mor¬ row Co., O., Mar., 1872-Mar. 25, ’74; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is in Philadelphia. THE MINISTRY. 563 ROSS, Randal (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 19, 1818, near West Newton, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1844, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1847, Blairs- ville Pres., and ordained Ap. 25, ’49, by Second Ohio; in¬ stalled pastor of Cumberland and Sharon, Noble Co., O., at ordination; was released from the former in ’53 and from the latter Ap. i, ’60. In 1850 he started a classical school, which prospered, and in ’60 was known as Sharon College, and had 80 students. In ’59 he bought out and conducted as a Radi¬ cal Republican paper the Noble County Consolidated Republi¬ can. Thus situated the war broke out and his patriotism boiled over; he resigned his pastoral charge, sold his news¬ paper, and at the close of his college commencement, Oct. 16, ’61, announced the suspension of further exercises, and on the same evening enlisted as a private in the bad Ohio volunteers —infantry. He was soon elevated to the office of sixth cor¬ poral, and fought at Winchester and at Port Republic and through the seven days’ fight before Richmond, and partici¬ pated in the bombardment of Fort Sumter by the Monitors, ^P- 7 ) ’^ 3 * During this time he had also filled by detail the positions of ordnance officer, of regimental postmaster and chief clerk of the brigade commissary. In July, ’63, un¬ known to him. Gov. Todd, of Ohio, got an order from the War Department for his discharge, and then presented him with a commission as chaplain of the 15th Regiment. He joined his new regiment immediately, and remained with it until the war was over, going through the battles of Chicka- mauga, Tookout Mountain and some twenty others. His four years’ military history was very remarkable. He served in twenty-one States of the Union, made fourteen trips and voyages by water; was in scores of battles, and yet was never captured or wounded, or in an ambulance or hospital from sickness. During his service he was a regular correspondent of the United Presbyteria 7 t and other papers. He devoted the remainder of his life to the founding and building up of Lincoln College, at Greenwood, Mo. He became prematurely infirm, and died at Greenwood, Ap. 20, 1877. 564 THE MINISTRY. ROSS, Robert (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 4, 1815, near Newville, Pa., and reared in Belmont Co., O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied the¬ ology at Oxford; was licensed in 1848, and ordained in Nov., ’49, by Second Illinois; pastor at S. Henderson, Ill., Nov., 1849-Ap. 8, ’57; was one of the founders of Monmouth Col¬ lege, and served it for years as Financial Agent or as Profes¬ sor. His health became very infirm, and after years of suffer¬ ing he died Oct. 30, 1873. RULE, Alexander Hume: Was born in May, 1843, Hindley, Roxburghshire, Scot¬ land; was graduated at Monmouth in 1868, and studied the¬ ology at Monmouth; was licensed in 1870 by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’71, by Cedar Rapids; was tutor in Monmouth i868-’7o; pastor at Vinton, la.. Sept., 1871- July 25, ’72; and soon afterward sailed for Egypt as a foreign missionary. His views upon the subjects of church organiza¬ tion, ordinances, etc., suddenly changed, and in the spring of ’73 he returned from Egypt, withdrew from the United Pres¬ byterian Ch., and fully identified himself with the Plymouth brethren, and has labored with and for them ever since. RUSSEL, Isaac (A. R.): Was received in 1856 by the Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Illinois from the Free Ch. of Scotland, and soon passed else¬ where. RUSSELL, John, D. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1796 in Kinrosshire, Scotland; was graduated at Edinburgh University, and studied theology^ under Dr. John Dick; was licensed in Ap., 1823, Pres, of Elgin; came to the U. S. in 1825, joined the Asso. Pres, of Cam¬ bridge, and was by it ordained Oct. 31, ’26; was installed in Nov., 1826, as pastor of Stamford, Thorald and Beaver Dam, in Ontario, Canada. He soon confined his services to the first, where he died. Mar. 3, 1854, from asthmatic consump¬ tion. RUSSELL, Robert McWatty: Was born Ap. 6, 1858, at Balm, in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at THE MINISTRY. 565 Allegheny; was licensed Ap. i, 1884, ^7 Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 9, ’84, by Caledonia; pastor of Caledonia, N. Y., since ordination. SANDS, James Davidson: Was born Feb. 16, 1853, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1872, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar. 30, 1875, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Dec. 19, ’76, by Beaver Valley; pastor at Beaver Dec., 1876-Feb. 24, ’80; Seventh Ch., Pittsburgh, since Mar. 30, 1880. SANDS, John Scott, D. D. : Was born Sept, i, 1844, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1867, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 21, ’68, by the same. He gathered and organized the Eighth Ch. in Pittsburgh in June, 1868, and served it as actual pastor until June 29, ’80; then joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor of the Arch St. Ch., Philadelphia. SANDERSON, Joseph, D. D. (A.): Was born May 23, 1823, Ballibay, Ireland; was gradu¬ ated at Belfast in 1845, studied theology under the care of the Asso. Pres, of New York (Stark and Blair), and was by it licensed in 1849, and ordained in ’49; pastor in Providence, R. L, 1849-’53; of ^ Presbyterian Ch. in New York city 1853-’69; a Congregational Ch. in Conn. 1872-’8; now Editor of the Pulpit Treasury. SANKEY, James Patterson, D. D. : Was born Ap. 10, 1839, Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by the Muskingum Pres., and ordained June 30, ’64, by Caledonia; pastor in Rochester, N. Y., since ordination. Has published a number of sermons and addresses. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. SANSON, Thomas Alexander: Was born Oct. 20, 1834, in Albany, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1858, and studied theology at Princeton; was li¬ censed in Ap., 1861, by Albany Pres., and ordained June 24, 566 THE MINISTRY. ’62, by Keokuk; pastor of Morning Sun, Louisa Co., la., June, 1862-’65; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Argyle, N. Y. SAVAGE, John Adams, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 9, 1800, in Salem, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1822, and studied theology privately, principally with E. K. Maxwell, of Delhi, and Robert Forrest, of Stam¬ ford, N. Y.; was licensed May 4, 1825, Pres, of Wash¬ ington, and ordained, sine titulo^ Feb. 12, ’27, by the same; was S. S. at Fort Covington, Franklin Co., N. Y., 1826-’31; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor in Ogdensburg, N. Y., 1832-50; Pres, of Carroll College, Waukesha, Wis., from 1850 until his death, Dec. 13, 1864. SAWHILL, James: Was born Feb. 22, 1829, Taylorstown, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1851, and studied the¬ ology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 3, ’54, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained June 18, ’63, by Le Claire; pastor at Cas¬ cade, la., June, 1863-Ap. 14, ’75, and of Union, la., since Jan. 18, ’77. SAWYER, Benjamin Franklin (A.): Was born Ap. 17, 1817, in Allegheny Co., Pa., and was educated privately, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 22, 1842, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained May 15, ’44, by Ohio, and installed pastor of Darlington and New Brighton, Beaver Co., Pa.; resigned New Brighton Oct. 6, ’68, and Darlington Ap. 4, ’60; joined the residuary Asso. Synod, and is pastor of small Asso. congregations in Darling¬ ton and Four Mile. SAWYER, James French (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 7, 1810, in Piqua, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1833, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1835, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Ap. 20, ’36, by the same; pastor of Springfield, O., autumn of 1837-spring of ’48; died July i, 1849, consump¬ tion in Allegheny, Pa. SCOTT, George Thomas: Was born Dec. 25, 1842, in New York city; was graduated THE MINISTRY. 567 at the Kansas State University in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 3, 1883, by First Ohio, and or¬ dained Oct. 14, ’84, by Monongahela; pastor at Noblestown, Pa., Oct. 14, 1884-Sept. 22, ’85; Mt. Ayr, la., Jan., 1887- SCOTT, George Washington: Son of the Rev. G. W. Scott, native missionary in India; was born in 1857 in Sialkot, North India; was educated at Westminster College and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1880, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Ap. 12, ’82, by Brookville, and passed in Ap., 1883, to the Ref. Presbyterian Ch., and has returned to India. SCOTT, John, D. D. (A.)*: Was born Feb. 4, 1807, at Jedburgh, Scotland, and came to the U. S. in 1818. After attaining his majority he spent nearly ten years in hard work as a stone-cutter in building locks upon the canals in Ohio and Pennsylvania, and in lumbering in the cypress swamps in the Lower Mississippi. Having concluded to study for the ministry, he took a partial course in Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 22, 1842, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 19,’43, by the same; pastor of Robinson and Monteurs, Sept, 1843-July, ’45; sailed Aug. 25, ’45, by appointment of Synod, for the Island of Trinidad, where he arrived on the 21st of Sept. After a few months’ residence he was assurred by his physician that his health could not possibly bear the demands of the climate, and that he should return immediately. He and Mr. Banks closed the mission premises, left the island, and’arrived at Boston on the 6th of the following May. His old congregations in Washington Co., Pa., recalled him, but he declined. He performed very profitable missionary work in Southern Iowa until the spring of ’48, when, for a year, he took charge of the little church in Keokuk, and in the autumn of ’49 was installed pastor of Henderson, Warren Co., Ill., which he retained until ’66. In 1858 he was elected Prof, of Ch. History in the Theo. Sem. at Monmouth, and con¬ tinued to discharge the duties of this office until this Sem. was united with that at Xenia, when he was retired upon an annual pension of $800. He possessed a mind of great clearness and strength, and 568 THE MINISTRY. had made very large attainments in theological knowledge. He was always decided, prompt and courageous in presenting and defending the truth. When preparing for college he at¬ tended a temperance meeting in the Huntsville, O., church and made a speech against total abstinence. He was imme¬ diately complimented by some drunken roughs, which led him to reflect upon his position, and he concluded that views upon this matter which were specially pleasing to that class of people could not be right, and he signed the pledge. While in Washington, la., a braggart Universalist preacher appeared and challenged any one to a debate upon the final salvation of all men. The citizens selected Dr. Scott to meet him. The debate lasted two days and a half, when the challenger acknowledged defeat and withdrew. Dr. Scott, however, was not through, and he continued his side of the debate two days longer. He died at Monmouth, Aug. 4, 1877, and of no particular disease; he gradually wore out. His natural cheerfulness and strong faith sustained him until near the end. On the day before his death Satan took the advantage of his weak and prostrate condition and made his last assault, and tempted him sorely until he cried out: “Oh, that I could believe.” Many passages of Scripture were read to him, and he seemed to grow calmer, but still in great gloom and filled with anxiety. Then the words of our Lord to Peter were repeated to him: “I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not.” Fear seemed to be dispelled, and after a little while he looked up and said: “The Lord’s faithfulness has brought me back,” and he assured those about him that he had perfect peace. At last he suffered greatly, not from acute pain, but from the distressing depression of weariness and nervous exhaus¬ tion, until he exclaimed, “Oh, what shall I do? “Oh, for rest in Christ!” The Lord had pity on him, and gave His beloved sleep. SCOTT, John Culbertson: Was born Sept. 29, 1850, in Jefferson Co., Ind.; was grad¬ uated at Hanover in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 8, 1875, by Indiana Pres., and ordained Ap. 26, ’80, by First New York; pastor in Hoboken, N. J., Ap. 26, 1880-July 13, ’85. THE MINISTRY. 569 SCOTT, John Preston, D. D. (A.): Was born May 8, 1830, at New Scottsville, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1850, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 14, 1853, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Jan. 31, ’55, by Richland; pastor of Millersburg, and Keene, O., Jan., 1855-Sept., ’59; in Detroit, Mich., Nov.. 30, 1859-Jan. 29, ’78; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pas¬ tor at Lebanon, O. SCOTT, Robert*: Was born Feb. 7, 1830, in Strathaven, Scotland; was edu¬ cated in literature and theology in Glasgow; was licensed Jan. 8, 1856, by the United Presbyterian Pres, of Glasgow, and ordained Nov. 16, ’60, by the Pres, of Ottawa, Canada; was a pastor in Canada for fourteen years; came to the U. S., and was pastor of Jane street. New York, May 4, 1875, until his death. He died July 19, 1877, of paralysis. SCOTT, Thomas Angela: Was born Oct. 27, 1843, London, Ontario, Canada; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny and Monmouth; was licensed' Mar. 23, 1869, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 2,,’69, by Cleveland; was pastor at New Lisbon, O., Nov.,, 1869-Mar. 18, ’72; pas¬ tor of Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., June 30, 1874-Jan. 9, ’87. In 1879 ^ organization at Garrettsville, six miles south, composed largely of his previous members, was for¬ mally recognized as part of his charge; Port Huron, Mich., since Jan. 30, 1887. SCOTT, Theodore L. r. Was born Nov. 21, 1847, Middle Lancaster, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1873, and studied theol¬ ogy at Monmouth and Newburgh; was licensed in Ap., 1874, by First New York Pres., and ordained Aug. 26, ’74, by Beaver Valley; sailed soon after as a missionary to India, and is stationed at Jhelum, North India. SCOULLER, James Brown, D. D. (A. R.): Brother of Dr. John Y.; was born July 12, 1820, near New- ville, Cumberland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Dickinson in 1839, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 36 570 THE MINISTRY. 19, 1842, by Big spring Pres.; S. S. St. Louis 1842-3; or¬ dained Nov. 13, ’44, by New York; pastor of the Second Asso. Ref. congregation (now Fourth United Presbyterian) in Philadelphia, Nov., 1844-Dec., ’46; of Cuylerville, Living¬ ston Co., N. Y., Jan., 1847-Ap., ’52. Both of these congre¬ gations were organized by him. Was pastor of Argyle, Wash¬ ington Co., N. Y., May 31, 1852-Mar. 31, ’62; was editor of Christian Instructor^ Philadelphia, Ap., 1862-Ap., ’63. Ill health compelled him to retire from all active labors to New- ville. Pa., where he has ever since resided. Publications: History of the Inhabitants of Mt. Lebanon, in Syria, 1845; A Fourth of July Address, 1847; ^wo Lyceum Addresses, 1847- ’8; The Revolution of 1848 in Europe, a New Year Sermon, 1849; Growth in Grace, a Sermon, Associate Reformed Pul¬ pit, Vol. I; Requisites for a Successful Ministry, an Address ,at the close of the session of the Newburgh Seminary, 1854; 'The Origin of the English Race, a Lyceum Lecture, 1854; History of the Associate Reformed Congregation in Lisbon, :St. Lawrence co., N. Y., 1855; Forty Letters from Abroad, principally from Italy and Egypt, i86o-’i; Assurance of Salvation, 'five articles; a series of papers on Christian Experi¬ ence; The Temptation of Jesus, a Lecture; History of the Associate Reformed Synod of New York, pp. 43, 1877; His¬ tory of the United Presbyterian Church of Big Spring, at Newville, Pa., pp. 45, 1878; History of the Big Spring Pres¬ bytery, pp. 126, 1879; History of Mifflin Township and of the Borough of Newville, in Scott’s Quarto History of Cumber¬ land County, Pa., 1879; Biographical Sketches of Early Asso¬ ciate Reformed Ministers, 1879-’80; History of the Presby¬ tery of Argyle, pp. 166, 1880; History of Patronage in the Church of Scotland, Repository, 1880; A Manual of the United Presbyterian Church, 8vo., pp. 648, 1881; History of the Associate and Associate Reformed Churches in Cyclopedia Britannica, Amer. edition, 1883; and on a variety of subjects in the church papers, 1844-87. 'SCOULLER, John Crawford: Son of Dr. J. Y., as born Nov. 3, 1858, in Fair Haven, O.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1880, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 27, 1882, THE MINSITRY. 571 by Monongabela Pres., and ordained Sept. i8, ’83, by Wheel¬ ing; pastor at Uniontown, O., since ordination. SCOULLBR, John Young, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 13, 1816, near Newville, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1841, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May i, 1844, by the Big Spring Pres., and or¬ dained July 21, ’47, by First Ohio; has been pastor of Fair- haven, Preble Co., O., since his ordination; was Moderator of the General Assembly of 1873. SCRIMGEOUR, James (A. R.)*: Was born in 1757 near Edinburgh, Scotland; was graduated at the Edinburgh University in 1777, and greatly distinguished for his classical attainments, and studied theology five years with John Brown, of Haddington; was licensed in Ap., 1782, by the Burgher Pres, of Edinburgh; in 1784 was ordained and installed as pastor of the Burgher congregation at North Berwick. He was a popular preacher and labored with suc¬ cess until 1794, when he was shocked and depressed in both body and mind by some circumstances connected with his father’s death, and was compelled to resign his charge. When his health was somewhat recruited he became the superin¬ tendent of a theological book-store in Edinburgh, and sup¬ plied neighboring churches occasionally. In 1802 he came to this country with Dr. J. M. Mason, and joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; was pastor at Newburgh, N. Y., from Aug. ii, 1803, till Jan. 24, ’12, when he was transferred to the charge of Little Britain, a few miles out in the country, where he remained until the summer of 1824, when the in¬ firmities of age compelled him to resign. He died Feb. 4, 1825. He was six feet high, of good presence, and possessed a deep, rich voice, which remained' unimpaired to the last, notwithstanding the enormous quantities of snuff which he took, for he often preached with his “mull” in hand. He was a rich and instructive, even .attractive preacher. His sermons were modeled after those of his theological preceptor, a nice skeleton filled out almost entirely with Scripture quo¬ tations. Although very solemn in the pulpit, he would some¬ times say and do ludicrous things >vithout regarding them as 572 THE MINISTRY. such and without losing- his own seriousness. He once ob¬ served one of his hearers in a profound slumber, when he stopped in his sermon and asked a parishioner sitting near to wake him up. The nudge, however, was so gentle as*.to make no impression on his somnolent neighbor. The good pastor, perceiving how the case stood, exclaimed with the greatest gravity and the broadest Scotch: Shak him, Daw- vid, shak him.” His only publication is a Sermon in the ’Asso. Ref. Pulpit, Vol. 11 ., entitled: “Christ Forsaken on the Cross.” SCROGGS, Elijah Newton (A.)*: The youngest son in a family of twenty-one children; was born July 22, 1786, on the Big Spring, sonth of Newville, Pa.; was educated at Canonsburg, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed Aug. 25, 1819, by Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. i, ’20, by the same. He was at his ordination installed as pastor of W. Beaver, Long’s Run and Four Mile Square, in Columbiana and Carroll counties, O., and Beaver Co., Pa. He afterward organized the congrega¬ tion of Scroggsfield, called after him, and added it to his charge. His charge was subsequently rearranged and he confined his labors to Four Mile Square and W. Union or Calcutta until Ap., ’49, when he was released from the former, and died Dec. 20, 1851, in ^the pastorate of the latter. SCROGGS, Joseph, D. D. (A.)*: Nephew of the Rev. Elijah; was born Mar. i, 1793, near Newville, Pa.; when eight years old his parents moved to Washington Co.; was graduated with honor at Jefferson in 1809 at the age of sixteen, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed in Oct, 1813, by the Ohio 'Pres., and ordained Oct. 18, 1815, by Chartiers; was installed at his ordination as pastor of the congregations of Fairfield and Donegal, in Westmoreland Co., Pa., and so continued until Sept. 3, 1872, when he resigned after a pastorate of fifty-seven years, although he continued to supply these con¬ gregations until his death, which took place on the 21st of the following Ap. Intellectually, morally, spiritually and THE MINISTRY. 573 ministerially, Dr. Scroggs was very much more than ordi¬ nary, and he also possessed wonderful physical powers. He had so rich a vein of wit and humor that it was said of him that he did not like any man who could not appreciate a joke. His conversational powers were also of the first order. SCROGGS, Joseph A.: Son of Dr. Joseph; was born July 28, 1836, at Ligonier, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was educated partly at Westminster and partly at home with his father, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Feb. 23, 1874, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Mar. 27, ’80, by Tennessee. Before studying for the ministry he was for years a teacher, and also a soldier during nearly all the period of our civil war. Pastor at Madison, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Oct. 25, i88i~ Sept. 4, ’83. SEATON, Thomas McCain*: Was born Oct. 13, 1829, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Nov. 14, 1861, by Butler Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’63, by the same; was pastor of Worthington and Rich Hill, Armstrong Co., Ap., 1863-May 4, ’70; died Sept. 16, 1871, from consumption. SERVICE, John: Was born Oct. 9, 1825, Ireland; was educated classically and theologically in Airdale, England; was licensed and or¬ dained at Belfast on the same day in Ap., 1854, by the Irish Evangelical Society (Congregational). Labored as a mis¬ sionary to the Roman Catholics in the south and west of Ire¬ land Ap., 1854-Mar., ’59; came to the U. S., and was installed pastor of a new congregation in 29th St., New York, Feb. 17, i860, and in the autumn of the same year the West 44th St. congregation was added; resigned in Ap., ’61; pastor of New Kingston, Delaware Co., N. Y., spring of 1862-Mar., ’67; Barnet, Vt., fall of 1868-Mar. 8, ’77; Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., June 15, 1877-Sept. 19, ’84. United with the Presbyterian Ch., and is in Orange Co., N. Y. SHAFER, Alexander Geary (A. R.)*: Was born June ii, 1817, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated 574 THE MINISTRY. at the Frankfort academy, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1846, by Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained Aug. 3 ’47, by the same; was pastor at Deer Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa., from ordination until his death, which occurred July i, t868, from lightning. SHAND, Alexander M. D., LL. B. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. i, 1808, in Dundee, Scotland; was gradu¬ ated at St. Andrews about 1830, and studied theology with Dr. Alex. Symington of Paisley; was licensed by the Re¬ formed Presbyterian Pres., and soon afterwards joined the Scotch Independents, and subsequently the United Secession. In 1838, he came to the U. S., and was ordained July 23, ^39, by Washington Pres. (A. R.), and was pastor at Hebron, N. Y., July 1839-N0V. ’50; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and preached for a time at Sharpsburg, near Pittsburg. Studied law and took the degree of LL. B., went to Michigan and joined the Episcopal Ch., and was located in Detroit. Grad¬ uated in the Medical Department of the University at Ann Arbor in 1862; made violent rebel speeches, and was twice arrested by the military authority; went home to Scotland, and preached for a short time in the Scotch Episcopal Ch., then joined the Independents and returned to this country, where he joined the Congregationalists and preached some in New Jersey; returned to Scotland, and connected himself with the Established Kirk, and was sent out in 1876, to supply a church in Canada, but soon returned to Scotland, and died at Girvan, March 20, 1881. SHANNON, John Addison: Was born, Ap. i, 1856, at Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed. May 3, 1881, by Mercer Pres., and ordained, Dec. 5, ’83, by Garnett; S. S. at McCune, Crawford Co., Kan., i 883-’4; pastor Richland, Liun Co., Kan., Nov. 18, 1884- Oct. 4, ’86. SHANKLAND, James Alexander: Was born Nov. 16, 1818, in S. Arg}de, Washington co., N. Y.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 17, 1849, by Cambridge THE MINISTRY. 575 Pres. An affection of the lungs in ’51 threw him aside from the ministry for six or seven years; was ordained Ap. ii, ’60, by Chicago Pres.; was S. S. at Rock Run and Shannon, Ill., 1859-’61; pastor at Yorkville, Racine Co., Wis., 1861-Mar. ’70; pastor at Verona, Dane Co., Wis., July, 1870-July, ’73; S. S. of North Page, Page Co., la., Oct. 1873 -July, ’76; was missionary at Fairview and Dunbar, Neb., 1876-’9. SHARP, Alexander D. D., (A. R.)*: born June 12, 1796, near Newville, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Jefferson in 1820, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason until the suspension of the Seminary, and finished with Dr. Riddell; was licensed in the spring of 1823 by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 8, ’24, by the same; was installed Sept. 29 as pastor of Big Spring, at New¬ ville, and of Chambersburg, Pa.; resigned the latter Sept, ii, ’28; gave one-third of his time to Shippensburg 1838-’48, but retained the pastorate of Big Spring until his death Jan. 28, 1857. He was elected Prof, of Theology to succeed Dr. Joseph Kerr, but declined. He was a man of good presence, of excellent mind and judgment, and exerted a strong influ¬ ence in the community and the church. In his latter days he became very much interested in prophecy, and lectured upon several of the books in the Old Testament and upon the Revelation, and left a large amount of manuscript upon this subject. Publications: Three Sermons in the Asso. Ref. Pulpit. SHARP, James P. : Was born Jan. 5, 1845, Berlin, Holmes Co., O.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1867, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 10, 1869, by Mans¬ field Pres., and ordained Sept., 27, ’70, by Frankford; was installed at ordination as pastor of Raccoon and Ohio; re¬ signed the latter June 15, ’73, and the former May, ’83, Sid¬ ney, O., July 3, 1883. SHARP, Joseph Jonathan: Was born July 5, 1841, in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was educated’ at Westminster, and studied at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 576 THE MINISTRY. 7, 1886, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained June 28, ’87, by Beaver Valley; pastor at Mt. Jackson since ordination. SHAW, John Alexander: Was born Sept. 8, 1858, at Bellecenter, Logan Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1885, and studied theology at Xenia, and Union, N. Y.; was licensed Jan. 18, 1887, by New York Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’87, by the same; pastor in Newark, N. J. since ordination. SHAW, David Edwin: Grandson of Rev. W. Conner; was born Aug. 27, ^850, near Turtle Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Princeton in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny and in New College, Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed Ap. 16, 1 ^ 73 ? Westmoreland Pres., and ordained Ap. ii, ’76, by Keokuk; pastor in Keokuk, la., Ap. ii, 1876-June, ’85; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is Prof, of Theology in Lincoln University, Pa. SHAW, Joseph LL. D. (A.)* Was born in 1778, in the parish of Rattray, Perthshire, Scotland; was graduated at Edinburgh University in 1794 when only sixteen years old, and where Robertson, Blair, Playfair, Dugald Stewart, etc., were his instructors. He never ceased to regret commencing his collegiate course at so early a period, before his faculties were sufficiently developed to enable him to take the full advantage of all the instruction which he there enjoyed. He studied theology for five years in the Asso. Hall under Mr. Bruce, of Whitburn, and was licensed in 1799. When Mr. Marshall died, the church in Philadelphia applied to the General Asso. Synod of Scotland for a successor, and he was unanimously recommended. In 1805 he came to this country and commenced his labors in Philadelphia, although not ordained and installed until Nov. 6, 1806. In 1809 he went to Guinston, York Co., to hold a communion, and was taken with an influenza prevalent there, which so affected his lungs that he was unable to preach for several years, and in 1810 resigned his charge. He was Prof, of Languages in Dickinson College, 1813-U5; was Prof, of Languages in the famous Academy in Albany, N. Y., from THE MINISTRY. 577 1815 until his death. While on a visit to Philadelphia he died in Aug., 1824, house of Archibald McIntyre, from inflammation of the stomach. Dr. Shaw was in person short‘and thick, and firmly built, and possessed a mind of superior order, more solid than bril¬ liant, and was highly cultivated. His manner in the pulpit was uncommonly quiet and unpretending, and to the multi¬ tude by no means pleasing, while his sermons were written with remarkable care in respect to both sentiment and style, and were always relished by intelligent and reflecting hearers. Publications: Four or five Sermons at different times, and a Series of Dissertations on the Sanctification of the Church and the Gospel Ministry, in the Monitor. SHAW, Joseph (A.)*: Was born in 1816 in Brown Co., O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology privately; was licensed May 29, 1839, by the Reformed Dissenting Pres., and ordained in ’40 by the same. In Ap., 1843, congregations joined the Chartiers Pres, of the Asso. Ch., when the validity of his ordination was called in question, because the Presby¬ tery which ordained him was composed of only one minister and two ruling elders. The Synod decided that the ordina¬ tion, although irregular, was valid. At his ordination he was installed pastor of Three Ridges and the Heads of Wheel¬ ing; on the 5th of Sept, ’43, Wheeling was added to his charge. He resigned Oct. 5, ’52, and in the spring of’53 moved to Bellefontaine, O., and united with the Presbyterian Ch., and conducted a high school. Died in Dec., 1875. SHAW, Samuee Julius : Brother of David E.; was born Mar. 28, 1853, Turtle Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Princeton in 1873, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 2, ’79, by Westmoreland; pastor at Braddock’s Field since ordination. SHAW, Thomas Alfred: Brother of W. E.; was born Aug. 6, 1854, near Erwin, Westmoreland, Co., Pa.; was graduated at Wooster Univer¬ sity in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed 578 THE MINISTRY. Sept. 25, 1883, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained June 10, ^84, by the same; pastor at Des Moines since ordination. SHAW, William Ekin: Nephew of Dr. J. Ekin; was born July 24, 1845, Turtle Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Mon¬ mouth in 1872, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 30, 1875, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Jan. 18, ’76, by Beaver Valley; pastor of Neshannock and Oak Grove, Jan., 1876-Sept. 17, ’78; pastor at Monroe, la., since Nov. 5, 1879. SHAW, William Patton: Was born Mar. 10, 1827, Eawrence Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1854, the first graduate of that insti¬ tution, and studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Sem. at Xenia under Drs. G. McMasters and H. McMillen; was licensed Ap. 5, 1854, by the Pittsburgh Pres., (R. P.,) having studied theology mainly before going to college, and ordained Aug. 3O) ’ 55 ) Presbyterian Pres, of Chicago; pastor of Mt. Vernon and Red Oak, in la., with the supervision of the missions at Washington, Morning Sun and Andrew, Aug., 1855-Oct., ’56; New Richland, Eogan Co., O., May, 1857- May 25, ’64; Lisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Dec. 7, 1864- May 12, ’69; joined the United Presbyterian Church, Sept. 14, 1869, and was pastor at Noblestown, Allegheny Co., Pa., June 28, ’70-Mar. 30, ’75; pastor of Holyoke and West Liberty, Butler Co., since June 25, 1877. SHEARER, James: Was born in central Ohio; was graduated at Franklin in 1853, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 19, 1855, by Chartiers Pres., and adhered to the residuary Asso. Synod at the union of 1858, and was ordained Oct. 13, 1858, by the Indiana Pres, of that Synod, and ministered for a time at Carmel, Ind.; joined the Keokuk Pres, of the United Presbyterian Ch. in 1871; was S. S. at Pleasant Grove, la., 1874-’6, and resides at Albia, la., without charge. SHEPHERD, Jacob R. (A. R.): Was born and educated in Holland, and licensed by the “True Reformed Ch. of Holland,” which seceded from the THE MINISTRY. 579 Established Ch. in 1837. In 1851 he was received by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Michigan, and ordained as a missionary to his fellow countrymen around Holland, Ottawa Co., Mich., and thus labored for thirteen or fourteen years; he then sup¬ plied a year each in Layfayette and Idaville, Ind., and in Ap., 1869, was transferred by certificate to the “True Reformed Ch. of Holland in the United States.” SHERIFF, Robert (A. R)*: Was an Irishman by birth and education; came to Canada and then to the U. S., and was received Oct. 29, 1802, by the Asso. Ref, Pres, of Washington as a student of theology, and after studying under its care and delivering the usual trials, it was resolved Feb. 24, *1804, “That as Mr. Sheriff has been formerly licensed by another Presbytery, and has given general satisfaction, the Presbytery now recognize him as a licentiate under their care, and as such give him appoint¬ ments to preach the gospel.” He was ordained Feb. 7, 1805, by Washington Pres.; was pastor at Eisbon, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Feb., 1805-Mar. 2, ’08, when he passed to the Secession Ch. in Canada, where he died in the summer of 1822. SHERRARD, John Andrew: Was born in 1854 in Cambridge, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1879, by Mus¬ kingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 22, ’79, by West Missouri; pastor of Centerview Sept. 14, 1880-Oct. i, ’82; Savannah, O., June 12, 1883-Oct. 22, ’84; Troy and Smithfield, Mich., June 30, 1885. SHERRARD, Robert Mahafey: Was born at Cambridge, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1879, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained May 10, ’81, by College Springs; pastor of Blanchard and Coin, Page Co., la., from ordination; resigned Coin Ap. 128, ’83, and Blanchard Dec. i, ’84; Commerce, Mich., Oct. 27, 1885- 580 THE MINISTRY. SHIELDS, James (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. ii, 1812, in Pittsburgh; was graduated at the Western University in 1830, and studied theology one year under the Rev. Mungo Dick, and two years with Dr. Pressly; was licensed Ap. 2, 1834, by the Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 18, ’35, by Big Spring; was pastor of Fer¬ managh (now Mexico) and Tuscarora, Juniata Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death. In the spring of 1862 his health failed him, and about the first of Aug. he started for Minnesota, hoping to gain some benefit from its pure and bracing air. But on the journey he grew worse, so that when he had reached Prarie du Chien, Wis., he was compelled to stop, and there, after a fortnight of severe illness, died on the 19th of Aug. He was not gifted with fluency of utterance, but possessed a good mind, clear and logical; was very fond of good books and cultured companions, and made good use of both, so that as a writer he was decidedly above the aver¬ age minister, both in style and matter. His great modesty and diffidence prevented him from taking any prominent part in public meetings. SHILAND, Andrew D. D., (A.): Was born July 4, 1820, in Cambridge, N. Y.; educated at Union and studied theology at Princeton; was licensed in 1846, by the Second Pres., of Cambridge, and ordained Nov. 25, ’47, by New York; was pastor of a small church in Phila¬ delphia i 847-’8; of Second Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., 1849-’53; joiiied the Presbyterian Ch., and is now without charge in New York City. SHORTT, WiDDiAM Benjamin (A. R.): Was born Ap. 21, 1826, in county Armagh, Ireland; was graduated at the Royal College in Belfast, and studied the¬ ology there and at Newburgh, N. Y.; was licensed Sept. 27, 1850, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Dec. 13, ’53, by Washington; pastor in Cambridge, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1853- Jnly 2, ’86; was delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. SHRADER, John Andrew: Was born near Butler, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny, and one year in THE MINISTRY. 581 Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed May 7, 1879, by Butler Pres., and ordained Feb. 7, ’82, by Frankfort: pastor of New Bethlehem, Beaver Co., since ordination. SIMPSON, Elihu Calvin: Was born Aug. 6, 1849, Morning Sun, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Mar. 19, 1873, by Tennessee Pres., and ordained May 5, ’74, by First Ohio; pastor at Richmond, Ind., from ordination to Sept. 13, 1881; of Hamilton, O., since Ap. 25, 1882. SIMPSON, Thomas R., M. D. (A.): Was born Dec. 12, 1816, in Philadelphia; was educated at Lafayette and Washington Colleges; studied medicine at Jef¬ ferson and Pennsylvania Medical Colleges, and theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 21, 1843, Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’44, by Philadelphia; pastor ot Carlisle and Petersburg, Pa., Oct, i844-’55; Yellow Creek, Jef¬ ferson Co., O., i856-’6i; S. S. of the Yellow Creek Mission till ’65; of Jefferson and New Market, Harrison Co., O., 1865- ’70; now resides in Allegheny City without charge. SINCLAIR, James (A. R.): Was born and educated and ordained in Ireland in connec¬ tion with the Ref. Pres. Ch.; was received in Sept. 1849, ^Y the Pres., of New York; supplied at Burlington and other places in the Saratoga Pres., for two years, and then moved to Canada. SINCLAIR, Matthew (A. R.)*: Was born about 1763 in York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Dickinson in 1788, and studied theology with Dr. Nesbit, Pres, of the College; was licensed Ap. 13, 1791, by the Pres., of Pennsylvania, and ordained, sine titulo^ Aug. 20, ’92, by the same. He died Mar. 16, 1793, at Salem, Washington co., N. Y. He and the Rev. John Young were boys together, classmates in college and in their theological studies; were licensed the same day, and ordained at the same time, and married sisters, daughters of Elder George Clark, of Green- castle, Pa. 582 THE MINISTRY. SKELLIE, John (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 28, 1807, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1834, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed June 4, 1839, by Caledonia, and or¬ dained shie titulo^ June 21, ’41, by the same; was S. S. at Caledonia, Mich.; at Howard, in Steuben Co., N. Y.; joined the Second Asso. Pres., of Cambridge (Bullions) in 1851; re¬ fused to go into the union of 1858, and declined fraternizing with the residuary Asso. Synod, and thus fell out of all church connection; settled at Mt. Carroll, in Carroll Co., Ill., and preached in that county pretty steadily for years to little clusters of people; became very infirm, and died March 22, 1882. SEEETH, David M. : Was born Dec. 17, 1843, Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Nov. ii, 1873, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Dec. 2, ’74, by the same; pastor of Caledonia, Richie co.. West Va., since ordination. SLENTZ, JohnR. (A.)*: Was born in 1819; was graduated at Franklin in 1841, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1846, by Ohio Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Nov. 9, ’48, by Albany; pastor of Cherry Run, Oakland and Allegheny, in Venango Co., Pa., June 1852-Sept. 23, ’56; at Garnett la., i860-’I; of Cherry Run, Venango Co., Pa., Sept. 3, 1861- Feb. 8, ’65; of Carrollton and Connotten, O., i867-’9; Mar¬ tinsville, Belmont Co., O., Sept. 30, 1870, until his death Sept. 8, 1873. SMALL, Edward (A.): Was born in Jackson, Washington Co., N. Y.; was gradu- uated at Union in 1833, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 13, 1837, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Oct., 8, ’39, by Shenango; pastor of Springfield and Rocky Spring, Mercer Co., Pa., Oct, 1839-Ap., ’61, and is without charge near Mercer. SMALL, Gidbert (A.): Was born in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated THE MINISTRY. 583 at Union in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 15, 1853, ^7 Cambridge Pres., and ordained Nov. I, ’56, by Miami; was pastor of N. Liberty, Adams Co., O., Nov., 1856-Oct., ’59; was S. S. in Indianopolis, Ind., i860-’7; pastor at Pittsburgh, Carroll Co., Ind., i868-’9; Burnett’s Creek, Ind., 1869-Sept. 25, ’77; joined the Presby¬ terian Ch., and supplies a congregation near Idaville, Ind. SMART, James Patterson (A.)*: Brother of Dr. John G.; was born July 14, 1814, in Hunt¬ ingdon, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1833, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 19, 1837, by Phil¬ adelphia Pres., and ordained July 9, ’39, by Miami; was pas¬ tor of Massie’s Creek, Greene Co., O., from ordination until death, which took place Feb. 28, 1861, from bronchial con¬ sumption. SMART, John Gardner, D. D. (A.)*: Grandson of the Rev. John Smart, who came to this country in 1761 with Drs. Mason and Annan, and returned again to Scotland; was born Aug. 3, 1804, in Pluntingdon, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1822, and studied theology in Phil¬ adelphia under Dr. Banks, during which time be brought out the first American edition of Cicero^ s Orations^ with notes in English, long known to students as Smart’s Cicero. He was licensed Aug. 17, 1826, by the Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Nov. 5, ’29, sine titiilo^ by Cambridge; pastor at Johnstown, Fulton Co., N. Y., July 21, 1830-Sept., ’37; in Baltimore, Md., May 2, 1838-June, ’50; for family reasons he made his home in Coila, Washington Co., N. Y., and sup¬ plied vacant churches as he had opportunity. He died July 18, 1862, while on a visit at a friend’s house at Shoreham, Vt, from inflammation of the bowels, after four days of great suffering. The Smart brothers were very unlike, yet they were equally esteemed for their genuine mental and moral worth. They were both good writers and contributed to the periodic literature of their church. SMEALLIE, Alexander Murray: Brother of James M.; was born Jan. 31, 184^, at Princetown, Schenectady Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1867, and 584 THE MINISTRY. studied theology at Princeton, N. J.; was licensed Ap. 27, 1870, by Delaware Pres., and ordained Jan. 30, ’72, by the same; pastor at Kortright Centre, Delaware Co., N. Y., since ordination. SMEALUE, James M. (A.)*: Was born June 12, 1820, in Princeton, Schenectady Co., N. Y.; was educated at Union, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed and ordained, sine titulo^ on the same day, the 20th of June, 1850; was pastor of Troy and South- field, Oakland Co., Mich., Sept, i, 1852-Mar. 4, ’60; at N. Kortright, N. Y., Feb. 19, i86i-’8; at Cabin Hill, same county, June 4, ’68, until his death on the 7th of the follow¬ ing Sept. When near his end and in great suffering he was heard to murmur: “O, faith ! faith ! This is thy trial,” and after a pause, he added: “And this is thy triumph,” and died. SMEAEEIE, Peter*: Brother of J. M.; was born in Princetown, Schenectady Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1853, studied theology privately with the Rev. A. Thomas; was licensed in 1859 Saratoga Pres., and ordained Jan. 2, ’66, by Delaware. He devoted his time mainly to teaching in Jackson, Miss., 1853 -’5; Principal of the Academy in Johnstown, N. Y., 1855- ’64, also of the Collegiate Institute at Andes, N. Y., 1864- ’7; died Feb. 4, 1867. SMILEY, WiELiAM BrowneEE: Was born Dec. 7, 1856, in Robinson Twp., Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated in 1879, at Westminster, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 3, 1881, by Alle¬ gheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 12, ’82, by Chartiers; pastor of Chartiers, Canonsburg, Pa., since ordination. SMITH, Alexander: Was born Aug. 22, 1831, in county Derry, Ireland; was graduated at Monmouth, in 1865, studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 6, 1865, Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. ii, ’66, by Chicago; was pastor of Shannon and Rock Run, Ill., Ap., 1866-Aug. 25; ’69; at Port Hope, in Ontario, Canada, May 4, 1870-May 2, ’71; Northwood, / THE MINISTRY. 585 O., Feb. 26, 1872-Dec. 19, ’76; Paterson, N. J., since Dec. 4,1877. SMITH, Grorge Buchanan: Was born in 1856, at Youngstown, O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1885,.by Cleveland, and ordained May 17, ’87, by Steubenville; pastor at Salineville, O., since or¬ dination. SMITH, James Dougrey: Was born Nov. 6, 1837, in Marshall, Calhoun Co., Mich.; was reared in the Episcopal church, and made a profession of religion in i860, in the United Presbyterian congregation of Chicago; was graduated at Monmouth in 1866, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 3, 1868, by Mon¬ mouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 13, ’70, by Chicago; was pas¬ tor of Hanover, Jo Daviess Co., Ill., Oct. 17, 1870-Nov. 9, ’78; Arlington and Caledonia, Columbia Co., Wis., 1882. Publication: History of the United Presbyterian Congrega¬ tion of Hanover, Ill. SMITH, James Nelson (A.)*: Was born Oct. 2, 1822, near Wooster, O.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 7, 1850, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Dec. 2, ’51, by Shenango; was pastor of Portersville, Butler Co., Pa., 1853-’57. He went west and commenced a missionary work of his .own; commenced preaching in Ap., 1857, in the vicinity of Berea, Kan.; organized a congregation in Feb. 1858, and in Oct., ’60, commenced serving Garnett in con¬ nection with Berea; in Oct, ’69, resigned Berea and gave his whole time to Garnett until June, ’74, when he resigned; was pastor at Edgerton, Kan., Ap. i, 1876—Oct, ’81; died Jan. 18, 1882. g^IITEUoHN (A.) *: Was born in the year 1747, near Sterling, in Scotland; was graduated at the University of Glasgow, and studied theology with the younger Moncrieff at Alloa. He was ordained in 1769 by the Asso. Pres, of Sterling, with a view of going as a missionary to America. In the late autumn of 1770 he and 37 586 THE MINISTRY. John Rodgers sailed for this country, not only as mission¬ aries, but also as commissioners from the Asso. Anti-Burgher Synod to the Pres, of Pennsylvania, which was under its care. On the 9th of June, 1767, this Presbytery had admitted David Telfair and Alexander Kinlock to membership wdthout re¬ quiring them to renounce their connection with the Burgher Church. The S3mod condemned this action, and charged the departing missionaries to require the Presbytery to annul it and to obliterate the minute of it, and failing to do so to or¬ ganize a new Presbytery. On the 4th of June, 1771, they met with the Presbytery at Pequea, Pa., and gave in their credentials and instructions, and the Presbytery made some apology for their course and promised to be more discreet in the future, but refused to annul the past or to obliterate the minute. The new missionaries were satisfied and took their seats. Before the year was out Mr. Smith received calls from Guinston, York Co., and Middle Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa. This latter he accepted and was installed May 6, 1772. Mr. Henderson’s removal to Chartiers, in Washington Co., left Oxford vacant, and upon the 19th of Mar. 1783, Mr. Smith added it to his charge, and at the same time Mr. Cuthbertson resigned the charge of the Covenanter congrega¬ tion of Octoraro, and it coalesced with Mr. Smith’s, and he henceforth used their stone church, which was a mile north of the old Seceder one. Mr. Smith was one of the earliest and most zealous advo¬ cates of a union with the Reformed Presbyterians, and at¬ tended all the conventions which for five years were held to bring about this event, and voted for it in his Presbytery in June, 1782, when the thing was finally consummated. Smarting under some disappointments in the autumn of 1794, he repudiated the Asso. Ref. Ch., or as the Synod recorded it, “broke off in a clandestine, irregular and schismatical manner all connection with this Synod.” This terminated his pastoral relations with his charge. In 1795 or 1796 he united with the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and in Nov., 1796, was installed as pastor of Chartiers and Peter’s Creek, in Washington Co., Pa., as the successor of his old neighbor, Matthew Henderson. This relation with the Chartiers THE MINISTRY. 587 branch was terminated Jan. 21, 1802, upon their own petition. Charges of immorality and disobedience to ecclesiastial au¬ thority were soon afterwards preferred against him, and on the 31st of Aug., 1803, he was suspended by the Chartiers Pres, for contumacy, as he would not answer at their bar. This terminated his pastoral supervision of Peter’s Creek. He appealed his case to Synod, which, in May, 1804, re¬ moved the sentence of suspension and administered a rebuke, and appointed him as S. S. to a very promising mission in Alexandria, in the District of Columbia, and renewed the appointment in the meeting of 1805. In the autumn of 1805 he was compelled to leave Alexandria, because of gross scan¬ dals which not only injured his influence for good, but finally destroyed the mission. For these scandals, which involved a disregard of the Seventh Commandment, he was put on trial by the Pres, of Philadelphia, and after various Presby- terial processes, and the advice of Synod, was in Nov., 1806, deposed from the ministry, and excommunicated from the fellowship of the church. He continued to reside upon a little farm in the vicinity of Canonsburg until his death, which occurred suddenly from heart disease on the 25th of Mar., 1825. attended the funeral of a neighbor, a Mr. Weller, near the Presbyterian Ch., south of Canonsburg, and returned with the family to the house of the deceased, and several friends being present, he delivered a very solemn and pertinent address. He remained over night, and having taken his seat at the breakfast table the next morning asked a blessing, and reclining his head backward, immediately ex¬ pired without a struggle or a groan. In mental force, in theological learning and in pulpit power Mr. Smith had few equals, and perhaps no superiors among all the ministers with whom he was ecclesiastically associated, and for twenty years his influence in Presbytery and Synod was equal to that of the elder Mason or Dr. Annan, and soon after the union of 1782 he was designated by the Asso. Ref. Synod as a suitable person to take the oversight and instruc¬ tion of its theological students. An unhappy temper, soured by disappointment, made the last ten years of his ministry neither comfortable to himself nor profitable to his church, 588 THE MINISTRY. and led him into sinful ways and habits. His fall was deep and peculiarly sad, but towards the close of his life he gave very considerable evidence of repentance and reformation, and was received into the communion of the Presbyterian Church. SMITH, John William: Was born near Jamestown, Crawford co.. Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1879, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed in Sept., 1882, by the Lake Pres., and ordained May 15, ’83, by the same; pastor at Oil City, Pa., May, 1883-Dec. 8, ’85; of Third Ch., Xenia O., since June 15, 1886. SMITH, Philip Young*: Was born Ap. 14, 1833, in Lanarkshire, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied theology in Union Seminary, New York; was licensed Sept. 15, 1863, by Second New York Pres., and ordained Feb. 28, ’66, by Bos¬ ton; was pastor at Wilkinsonville, Worcester CO., Mass., from ordination till his death, July 21, 1885. SMITH, Roelof H. (A. R.)*: Was born and educated at Holland, and ordained June 28, 1846, by the Groning Classis of that country; was installed in 1851 as pastor of a congregation of native Hollanders at Drenthe, near Holland, in Ottawa Co., Mich. In June, 1853, he and his congregation transferred their connection from the Reformed Dutch Ch., to the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of Michi¬ gan. Remained in charge until death May 12, 1886. SMITH, Samuel Ferguson (A. R.)*: Sixth son of the Rev. Thomas, of Tuscarora; was born in the summer of 1799 upon the ocean, and reared in Juniata Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1823, studied theology privately, except his last year, which was spent at Allegheny, that being the first year of that Seminary’s existence. He was licensed Aug 17, 1826, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, ’28, by the same; was pastor of Sugar Creek, (now Cochranton,) Crawford Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death. Mar. 19, 1846. SMJTH^Thomas (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 20, 1755, in Ireland; was graduated at Glas- THE MINISTRY. 589 / gow University, and studied theology with the younger Mon- criefF at Alloa, in Scotland. He was licensed in 1776, and soon afterward ordained and installed as pastor of the Asso¬ ciate congregation at Ahanghel, in county Antrim, Ireland. He resigned in 1798, most probably because of some troubles arising out of the “Irish Rebellion;” came to this country in 1799, and, after supplying a year in York Co., Pa., was installed in 1801 as pastor of Tuscarora, Juniata Co., Pa., and after Mr. Logan’s death, Fermanagh (Mexico) was added to his charge in 1806. He retained these relations until his death, Feb. 12, 1832, although for a year or so he had become too feeble to preach. Mr. Smith was small in person, active, temperate, courte¬ ous, orthodox, a strong churchman and a good preacher. He was very much opposed to union with the Presbyterian Ch. in 1822; led the opposition in General Synod, raised the point of order that seven yeas was not a majorty of sixteen members present, and drafted the protest of those who voted in the negative. When General Synod was dissolved he came home and gathered up the fragments of the Pres, of Big Spring, and carried them to the Pres, of Monongahela and the Synod of the West, until the ordination of Dr. Alex. Sharp enabled him to resuscitate his old Pres. To his adopted country he gave seven sons and five daughters. SMITH, Thomas (A.)*: Was born in Dumfries, Scotland; was graduated at Edin¬ burgh University, and studied theology with the younger Moncrieflf. In 1790 he was appointed by Synod to go as a missionary to America, but failed to go. After traveling and supplying for ten years in Scotland he came to the U. S. upon his own motion and responsibility in the year 1800, and united with the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania. He traveled for eleven years in the Asso. Synod before he received a call, and was then installed in 1811 as the first and only pastor of the Asso. congregation in the town of Huntingdon, Pa. He continued in this relation until his death in 1825. SMI TH, Th omas Gibson (A. R)*: Was born in 1756 in Scotland, and came to America in 1774; studied theology privately and partly with the Elder 590 THE MINISTRY. Mason in New York; was licensed May 27, 1789, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained May 6, ’91, by the same; pastor of Ivittle Britain and Shawangunk, Orange Co., N. Y., May, 1791-May 14, 1800; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pas¬ tor of the churches of Kleyn Esopus, Bloomingdale and Hur¬ ley, i8oo-’8; of Tarry town and Unionville, N. Y., 1808, until his death, Ap. 10, 1837. SMITH, William (A.)*: Was born in 1807 in York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Frank¬ lin in 1835, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 10, 1839, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Aug. 25, ’41, by Illinois; was pastor of Pisgah and Tirzah, Washington Co., la., Aug., 1841-’9; of Rich Hill and Concord, Armstrong Co., Pa., June, i85i-’6o; of Buffalo, Marquette Co., Wis., Oct. 12, i 864-’72, and died July 16, 1873. SMYTH, Charles B. (A.) Was born, educated, licensed and ordained in Ireland; came to the U. S. in 1850, and on the 31st of Oct. of that year joined the Asso. Pres, of Albany, but soon after joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pastor at Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., 1851-8; in the spring of 1869 he joined the First United Presbyterian Pres, of New York, and was pastor of East Eleventh St, New York city. Sept. 13, 1869-May 16, ’70, and then went back to the Presbyterian Ch. till 1882. when he returned to the United Presbyterian Ch., and was suspended in 1886. SNODGRASS, John M. (A.): Was graduated at Jefferson in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 18, 1850, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in Oct., ’51, by Miami; was installed pastor of Poplar Ridge jand Canonsburg, in Putnam and Hancock counties, O., at ordination; demitted the latter in 1856 and retained the former (changed in name to Eeipsic), until the union. He declined going into the union of 1858, and re¬ mained with the residuary Asso. Synod, and now serves in the pastorate of Spring Branch, Wayne Co., la. SNODGRASS, Matthew (A.)*: Was born in 1792 in the Shenango congregation, Crawford THE MINISTRY. 591 Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed i\p. 28, 1826, by Ohio Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’27, by the same; was installed at ordina¬ tion over Cherry Run and Conneaut, Crawford Co., Pa.; re¬ signed the former in Jan., 1838, and retained the latter with Fairfield and French Creek until 1856, when he was released from all except Fairfield, and from it on the 3d of Feb., ’64. He remained without charge until his death. Mar. 25, 1870. SNODGRASS, WittiamJohn: Was born Mar. 4, 1845, Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1867, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept, i, 1868, by Fake Pres., and ordained Aug. 24, 1869, by Mercer; was installed at ordination over W. Middlesex, in Mercer Co., and added Clarksville, for one-third time, Dec. 27, 1878. SOMERS, WiEEiAM Carr (A. R.): Was born Mar. 2, 1820, in Barnet, Vt.; was educated at Union and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 22, 1850, by New York Pres., and ordained May 21, ’53, by Caledonia; pastor at Cuylerville, Uivingston Co., N. Y., May 1853-N0V. 12, ’56; Hobart, Delaware Co., N. Y., 1858-Oct. ’65; Ridge, Guernsey Co., O., 1869-May 12, ’74; Sunny Dale, Sedgwick Co., Kan., Aug. 21, 1877-July 31, ’83. SOMERVILLE, David (A.)*: Was bom near Edinburgh, Scotland, and was graduated at the University of that city, and studied theology with Prof. Moncrieff; was licensed by the Asso. Pres., of Glasgow, and was ordained as pastor at Strathaven in 1769 or 1770. Here he labored very usefully for twenty years, and was then forced to resign because of feebleness arising from a great loss of blood from the nose. In 1790 or ’91 he came to this coun¬ try; joined the Asso. Pres., of Pennsylvania, and preached, as his health allowed him, in the vacancies in Pennsylvania and Virginia, and died in 1793 in Rockbridge Co., Va. SOUTHERLAND, W. B.: Was received Sept. 28, 1864, by the Second New York Pres., from the Congregational Ch.; was pastor of 28th street. New York, Feb. 1865-66; supplied a year or so at Thomsonville, Conn., and then left the denomination. 592 THE MINISTRY. SPALDING, WiEUAM Alvin: Was born July 20, 1850, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 3, 1878, by Keokuk Pres., and or¬ dained June 24, ’79, by Des Moines; pastor at Oskaloosa, Mahaska Co., la., June, 1879-May i, ’81; N. Henderson, Ill., Aug. 23, 1881-Dec. 15, ’84; S. S. Davenport, la., 1885. SPEER, John Stuart: Was born Nov. 25, 1836, in Guernsey Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in i860, and after serving as a captain in the civil war and signal officer in the U. S. Army he studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1866, by the Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 3, ’67, by Westmore¬ land; was pastor at Buena Vista, Allegheny Co., Pa., Sept., 1867-Dec. 16, ’73; at Canonsburg, Pa., since Ap. 21, 1874. SPEER, Thomas Latta, (A. R.)*: Was born Mar. 4, 1808, in Peter’s township, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1834, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1838, by Second Ohio, and ordained May 14, ’40, by Monongahela; was pas¬ tor of New Brighton and Rocky Springs, Pa., May 14, 1840 -May 16, ’43; of Chartiers Cross Roads, Washington Co., 1843, until his death, which occurred Nov. 25, 1851, from hemorrhage of lungs. SPENCER, Francis Marion, D. D. : Brother of William G.; was born Feb. 24, 1842, near Cedar- ville, O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 29, 1870, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Sept. 29, ’71, by Kansas; was pastor in Leavenworth, Kan., Sept., 1871-Aug. 12, ’79; President of Muskingum College, June, 1879-’86. SPENCER, William Guthrie*: Was born Jan. 8, 1836, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Mar. 29, 1864, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 26, ’65, by Southern Indiana; was pastor at Portland Mills, Ind., Ap., 1865-Ap. 3, ’78; of Somerville and Eden, Ind., Ap. 3, 1878-Sept. 12, ’82. Died Feb. 29, 1884, from enlargement THE MINISTRY. 593 of the spleen. Publication: History of the Princeton Pres., 1878. STALKER, Duncan (A.)*: Was born in 1783 in Comrie, Perthshire, Scotland; was li¬ censed Aug. 6, 1805, by the Asso. Pres, of Perth, and ordained in Dec., 1807, and installed pastor at Peebles. Here he re¬ mained for over twenty years and came to the U. S. in 1830; was pastor at N. Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y., Nov., 1831 -June, ’52; died Dec. 5, 1853, from paralysis. STANSBURY, Arthur J. (A. R.)*: Was born in New York city in 1781, and was graduated at Columbia College in 1799, and studied and practiced law for a short time; entered the Theo. Sem. in New York in 1807; was licensed in May, 1810, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained Oct. 25, ’10, by the same; pastor at Graham’s Ch., Orange Co., N. Y., Oct, 1810-July 31, ’16; pastor at New¬ burgh, N. Y., Nov. 31, 1816-May, ’17; joined the Presbyte¬ rian, Ch., and was pastor of the First Ch., Albany, N. Y., until deposed from the ministry for immorality, Feb. 26, 1821. He was for many years congressional reporter for the National Intellige^icer. Died at his son’s house in Philadelphia, Sept. 27, 1865. Dr. Mcjimsey, who preceded and also succeeded him at Graham’s Ch., and always kept up intercourse with him, stated that in his declining years he gave evidence of being a true Christian. STARK, Andrew, LL. D. (A.)*: Was born in 1790 in Sheilknows, Sterlingshire, Scotland; spent six years in the University of Glasgow, and was gradu¬ ated Master of Arts in 1811; studied theology three years with Prof. Paxton, then taught Latin and Greek for three years in London; returned to Scotland and finished his theological course, and was licensed in Oct., 1817, and ordained Sept. 16, ’18; was pastor of South Shields, Sept., 1818-June 14, ’19; taught a year in the family of Sir Fredrick Vane at his country seat on the Cumberland Lakes, and then came to the U. S., landing in New York Oct. 6, 1820. He joined the Asso. Ch., and was pastor of the Grand St. Ch., in New York from I\Iay, 1822, until his death. He became involved in trouble with his Synod because of his friendship with the Bullions, and he 594 THE MINISTRY. shared with them their fate and was associated with them in their separate Synod. His health became so feeble that he was compelled to take a vacation from labor, and sailed in June, 1849, Scotland. He grew steadily worse and died Sept. 18 at Denny Loanhead, Scotland, from nervous pros¬ tration. STEELE, Daniel: Was received Ap. 12, 1859, Pres, of St. Louis from the Presbyterian Pres, of Kaskaskia (O. S.); was pastor of Bethel, Randolph Co., Ilk, i860-’6; returned to the Presby¬ terian Ch. in 1870, and resides without charge at Rantoul, Champaign Co., Ill. STEELE, John (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 17, 1772, in York Co., Pa., but his parents moved soon afterward and settled as pioneers on the Hinks- ton Fork of the Licking River, in Bourbon Co., Ky. Here he was reared and received his primary instruction. At that day every minister on the frontier was a classical teacher. Mr. Steele was graduated at Dickinson in 1792, a classmate of Dr. Mcjimsey, and studied theology with Dr. Nisbet at Carlisle, and also with John Young at Timber Ridge, Rock¬ bridge Co., Va. He was licensed May 25, 1797, by the First Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained, sme titulo^ Aug. 12, ’99, by the same. He was soon afterward installed as pastor of the congregations of Millersburg, Shiloh, Flem¬ ing and Mt. Olivet, situated in the four counties of Bourbon, Nicholls, Fleming and Montgomery, in Kentucky. This re¬ quired him to be fully one-half of his time on horseback. In 1803 he resigned the two most distant branches and retained two which were only thirty miles apart. Many of his parish¬ ioners did not like the state of society in Kentucky and moved from time to time into Ohio, and particularly into Greene Co. He finally followed in 1817 and took the pastoral charge of the Asso. Ref. congregations of Xenia and Springfield until Oct. 12, 1836, when he resigned because of the infirmi¬ ties of age, and moved his family to Oxford, O., for its facili¬ ties for the education of his sons. Having just accomplished this, without a groan or a struggle he suddenly died on the morning of the iith of Jan., 1837. THE MINISTRY. 595 His mind was logical and somewhat scholastic. He was a close, clear reasoner, who made no use of the imagination. He possessed an unsually good library, with the contents of which he was very familiar, so that he was an able, clear¬ headed theologian, well read in church history and versed in ecclesiastical affairs. Great reliance was placed on his judg¬ ment in all matters of discipline and church order. He served long and with much ability as clerk of both Presby¬ tery and S3mod. STEELE, John Cunningham, (A. R.): Son of Rev. John; was born Dec. 22, 1812, in Bourbon Co., Ky.; was graduated at Miami University in 1832, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1837, by First Ohio, and ordained June, 14, ’38, by the same; was pastor in Cincinnati, O., June, i838-’4i; was partially thrown aside from the ministry for several years by feeble health; was pas¬ tor of Indianapolis, Ind., 1849-’53, then for a long time disqualified from pastoral labor, although able to supply most of the time; was one year Prof, of Mental and Moral Philo¬ sophy and Logic in Duquesne College, in Pittsburgh; was pastor at Warrensburg, Mo., May 14, 1872-June 30, ’76, where he still remains without charge. Publication: The Genealogy of Our Saviour in the Uriited Presbyterian Quar¬ terly Review^ Vol. I. STEELE, Joseph Drake (A. R.)*: Son of the Rev. John; was born Aug. 30, 1820, in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1840, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 26, 1844, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ June 24, ’57, by Iowa; spent many years in purely missionary work, and frequently on new ground, and sometimes in feeble health. Resided for years at Warsaw, Benton Co., Mo., and engaged in teaching, and preached as opportunities presented them¬ selves. Died May 15, 1882, of consumption. STEPHENSON, Robert*: Was born in 1820 in Belfast, Ireland, and was there edu¬ cated in literature and theology; was ordained in May, ’60, by the Ref. Presbyterian Pres, of Philadelphia; joined the 596 THE MINISTRY. United Presbyterian Pres, of Monongahela Ap. 30, 1872, and died Jan. 30, 1874. STEPHENSON, Thomas: Was born Feb. 27, 1833, Sidney, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny and Monmouth; was licensed Mar. 30, 1864, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 14, ’65, by Bloomington: pastor of Peoria, June, 1865-May ’66; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and has been pastor in several charges. STEVENSON, Ephraim H. (A.)*: Was born Jan. 20, 1820, at Wagontown, Chester Co., Pa.; was graduated at Delaware College, Newark, Del., in 1844; was Principal of the Hopewell Academy for four years, and then studied theology^ at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 8, 1851, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Nov. 4, ’52, by Ohio, sine titulo; was S. S. at Stowe and Springfield, Summit Co., O., until 1855, when he was appointed by Synod to go as a missionary to North India. He reached his field of labor in the spring of 1856, and labored there for ten years, when fail¬ ing health compelled his return. He preached as health and circumstances would allow for a time, and then became Prin¬ cipal of the Academy in New London, Chester Co., Pa., and afterwards of the Andes Collegiate Institute, Delaware Co., N. Y., where he died very suddenly Sept. 20, 1879, heart disease, while hearing a class in Latin. STEVENSON, Josias: Was born Nov. 12, 1828, near Londonderry, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 30, 1858, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Dec. I, ’59, by the same; pastor at W. Alexander, Pa., Dec. 1859-N0V. 2, ’70; N. Buffalo, Pa., June 13, 1871-Feb. 8, ’76; of Greensburg and Latrobe, Pa., May, 9, 1878-Dec. 19, ’82, and Greensburg alone Ap. 8, ’84; Savannah, O.; June 30, 1885. STEVENSON, Wieeiam: Was born Jan. 22, 1842, in Muskingum Co., O., was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1871, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 2, 1873, THE MINISTRY. 597 mouth Pres., and ordained Oct. 5, ’75, by Southern Illinois; pastor at Xenia Prairie, Ill., Oct. 1875-Aug. 15, ’77; at Kingsville, Mo., July 16, 1878-Ap. 4, ’84. STEVENSON, William R. : Brother of Josias; was born Ap. 4, 1842, at Scroggsfield, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 10, 1870, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ Sept. 19, ’71, by Conemaugh; pastor at Sewickley and W. Newton, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Dec. 17, 1872-Oct. 19, ’81; Portland, Ore., S. S. 1884. Publication: Biographical His¬ tory of Class 1868, pp. 32. STEWART, Albert Struthers: Was born Sept. 26, 1847, Cortsville, in Mahoning Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, and studied the¬ ology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 6, 1875, by First New York Pres., and ordained Oct. 23, ’78, by Argyle; was pas¬ tor at Greensboro, Vt, Oct, 1878-Jan. 17, ’81; Olivet, Indiana Co., Pa., Sept. 8, 1884-Dec. 14, ’86. STEWART, David Chambers: Son of Robert E.; was born Sept 5, i860, at Belbrook, O.; was graduated at the Indiana University in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1886, by Southern Illinois, and ordained July 15, ’87, by the same; pastor in St. Louis, Mo., since ordination. STEWART, David Craig: Brother of Robert B.; was born Jan. 1850, near St. Clairs- ville, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872; spent three years as clerk and cashier in a bank in Iowa; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1879, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Feb. 16, ’81, by Frankfort; pastor of Frankfort Springs, Beaver Co., Pa., since ordination. STEWART, George (A. R.)*: Was born in 1782 at Greencastle, Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Dickinson in 1805, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason; was licensed in June, 1809, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained in Ap., ’10, by the same; was pastor in Bloomingburgh, Sullivan Co., N. Y., 598 THE MINISTRY. from his ordination until his death, Sept. 20, 1818. He was a good preacher in the best sense of the term, wise in all his w^ays, a superior pastor and distinguished for his deep and consistent piety. STEWART, Henry F. *: Was born in 1842 in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1862, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1866, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained ]\Iay 7, ’67, by the Lake; was pastor at Jamestown, Mercer Co., Pa., from ordination until death. Sept. 20, 1868. STEWART, John Edie: Was born Ap. 22, 1847, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1880, and studied theology at Allegheny; w^as licensed Dec. 26, 1882, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Aug. 8, ’83, by Cedar Rapids; pastor of Garner, la., Aug., 1883-June 30, ’85; Graham’s Church, Orange Co., N. Y., since June, 1887. STEWART, John Finney (A. R.): Was born Aug. 12, 1828, at Monroe, Butler Co., O.; was educated at Farmer’s College, and studied theology at Ox¬ ford; was licensed in Sept, 1855, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 2, ’57, by Second Illinois; pastor of Union and Sparta, Ill., Ap., 1857, till i860, and Sparta till Oct 5, ’70; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now at Boulder, Col., without a charge. STEWART, John Graham: Son of Pvobert E.; was born July 31, 1851, at Vienna, Rush Co., Ind.; was graduated at Indiana State University, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, 1883, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Ap. 27, ’84, by Chicago; pastor of Rock Run, Stephenson Co., Ill., from ordination until June 16, ’87. STEWART, Jonathan (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 2, 1827, at Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1853, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 2, 1856, by Springfield Pres., and ordained Sept., 22, ’58, by Le Claire; was pastor of Andrew and La Motte, Jackson Co., la.. Sept, 1858-’65; THE MINISTRY. 599 Unity, Adams Co., O., 1867-Mar., ’71; Tranquillity, O., Sept. 27, 1871, until liis death. Mar. 2, 1878. STEWART, Robert (A. R.)*: Was born Jan. 6, 1797, in Ohio Co., W. Va., but when six years old the family moved to Belmont Co., O.; was educated in the Grammar School of Steele and McMillen in Xenia, then in the Classical School at New Athens, which ripened into Franklin College, and finally in the Academy at New Washington, which grew into Madison College; and studied theology in Allegheny. He was licensed May 26, 1830, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained in Dec. ’32, by First Ohio; was installed at ordination over Cherry Fork and West Fork, Adams Co., O.; resigned the latter in ’38, and gave all his time to the former until his death, Nov. 24, 1851. STEWART, Robert, D. D. : Was born Jan. 31, 1839, at Sidney O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1864, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Nov. 9, ’66, sine titulo^ by First Ohio; was S. S. at Ashland and Savannah, O., July i, i865-’6; at Dayton O., July i, i866-’8; at Davenport, N. Y., S. S., Aug. 16, i868-’9, pastor Aug. 17, 1869-Sept. I, 1872; was Prof, of Exegetics and Homiletics in Newburgh Theo. Sem., Oct., 1873-Oct., ’78; editor of Evangelical Repository^ 1879-’80. Missionary to Northern India since 1881. STEWART, Robert Bell: Was born in Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 5, 1868, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained Nov. i, 1871, by Nebraska; pastor at Rock Bluff, Neb., Nov., 1871-July 2, ’73; Jefferson, Allegheny Co., Pa., July i, 1875-Mar. 25, ’79; S. S. Chariton, la., 1879-’83. STEWART, Robert Ewing (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 23, 1825, i^^ar New Richmond, O.; was graduated at Miami University in 1846, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 4, 1849, Ii^diana Pres., and ordained Ap. 8, ’50, by the same; pastor of Vienna and Shiloh, Ind., Ap., 1850-Ap., ’55; Sugar Creek, O., Sept., 1856, until 6oo THE MINISTRY. his death, Oct. i6, i860. Publications: Sermons in Vols. I. and III of the Asso. Ref. Pulpit. STEWART, Samuel B: Was born Dec. 24, 1844, Indiana Co., Pa.; was educated at Franklin, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 20, 1876, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained June 18, ’78, by the same; was pastor of Madison, Westmoreland Co., June, 1878-July I, ’79; Clinton and Shiloh, Butler Co., Pa., Ap. 4, 1882-Oct. 31, ’87. STEWART, Samuel J. : Was born Nov. 8, 1845, Viola, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 27, 1871, by Chicago Pres., and ordained Ap. 17, ’72, by First New York; pastor of West 25th St., New York, Ap., 1872-Jan. 19, ’74; Steubenville, O., Mar. 16, 1874-Feb. 13, ’77; joined the Congregational Ch., and was pastor in Fitchburg, Mass., Ap. 4, 1877-Sept., ’79; of the Unitarian Ch., in Bangor, Me., i88o-’82; turned lawyer, and is located in Kansas. STEWART, Samuel S. : Was born Sept. 13, 1849, Xenia, O.; was graduated at Ohio Central in 1877, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 14, 1880, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Jan. 16, ’83, by Southern Illinois; pastor of Xenia Prairie, Clay Co., Ill., since ordination. STEWART, Thomas Beatty: Son of Robert E., and grandson of Dr. John Graham; was born Oct. i, 1854, in Glenwood, Rush Co., Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at Indiana University in 1880, and studied theology two years at Xenia and one year in the Presbyterian Theo. Sem. of the Pacific; was licensed Aug. 29, 1882, by Indiana Pres., and ordained Ap. ii, ’83, by California. In the autumn of ’82 he took charge of a mission in San Francisco, Cal., organ¬ ized it as the Second Ch., May 18, ’83, and was installed as its pastor Aug. 4, 1884. STEWART, William Everett: Was born Sept. 14, 1850, at Freedom, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1878, and studied theology at THE MINISTRY. 6oi Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1881, by Beaver Valley Pres.; and ordained May 16, ’82, by Albany; pastor at West Charlton, Saratoga Co., N. Y., May, 1882-July 19, ’85. STEWART, William Reid: Was born Jan. 31, 1846, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1867, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained May 5, ’68, by the Lake; pastor of Adams- ville, Crawford Co., May, i868-’7o; was sent by the Gen. Ass. in 1870 to Salem, Ore.; in 1872 transferred himself and congregation to the Presbyterian Ch.; remained in Salem until Oct., 1875; served a church in Mendocino, Cal.; one in Eaporte, la.; one at Marengo, la., and is now at Williamsburg, la. STORY, Alexander (A.): Was born Dec. 30, 1820, in S. Shenango, Crawford Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1841, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 24, 1845, Shenango Pres., and ordained, sine titnlo^ July 12, ’47, by the same; made a missionary tour through Michigan and Wisconsin, then unbroken ground by the Asso. Ch.; was installed pastor of Columbus City and Grandview, la., in Oct, 1853; was re¬ leased from the latter in Mar., 59, and from the former June 23, ’75; is now editor of the Gazette in Washington, la. STORY, William Murray: Was born July 25, 1853, near Jamestown, Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1880, by the Lake Pres., and ordained June 23, ’81, by Bloomington; pastor at Low Point, Woodford Co., Ill., since ordination. STRANE, Archibald Kirkwood: Was born in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at West¬ minster in 1878, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 13, 1881, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Oct. 8, ’81, by Wabash; pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Clinton Co., Ind., Oct, 1881 -June 30, ’85; Idaville, Ind., Nov. 13, 1885- STRANG, David (A.)^: Brother of the Rev. James; was born in 1799 in Buchlyvie, 38 6o2 THE MINISTRY. thirteen miles west of Sterling, Scotland; was graduated at St. Andrew’s University, and coming to this country studied theology two years in Cambridge, N. Y., and finished at Canonsburg; was licensed July 8, 1835, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept., 16, ’36, by Stamford; was pastor at Peoria, (York,) Wyoming Co., N. Y., Sept., 1836-Sept. ’55; supplied vacant churches in Central Ohio, Tenn., and Ill., and died Dec. 8, 1872, at Monmouth, Ill. STRANG, David: Son of Moses, a younger brother of the Rev. James and David; was born May 22, 1837, in Cambridge, Washington Co., N. Y., although reared near Reynoldsburgh, Franklin Co., O.; was graduated with honor at Westminster in 1861; was married the following week and settled down as assistant farmer to his father until Aug., 1862, when he joined the Pennsylvania “Roundhead Regiment,” (looth,) and shared its fortunes during the remainder of the civil war, being severely wounded at the battle of Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864. When the war was virtually over, but before being mustered out of the army, he was appointed by the Gen. Ass. of May, 1865, without his knowledge, to go to Egypt and take charge of the mission press lately given by the .Mahah Rajah Duleep Singh. He accepted, and after making some necessary arrangements sailed in Feb. 1866, with his wife and daughter Isabella, then four years old, and now a missionary at Mansura, Egypt. In addition to direct missionary work he had charge of the press three years in Cairo and six in Alexandria, and was one year connected with the Training College in Asyoot. In 1871 he was licensed by the Pres, of Egypt, without any intention of receiving sub¬ sequent ordination, but simply to keep clear of that unauthor¬ ized and irresponsible ‘ ‘ lay preaching, ’ ’ which was begin¬ ning to be popular in many places. He was, however, or¬ dained Ap. 16, ’76, by the Pres, of Egypt. He never at¬ tended a theological seminary, but regards his old farmer father as his theological instructor, a man who was more thoroughly read in Puritan and Scottish theological literature than the majority of the ministers of our day. During a part of his residence in Egypt the U. S. was re- THE MINISTRY. 603 presented, or rather misrepresented, by George H. Butler, as Consul General. His course of life was offensive to good morals and American pride, and after the mission had remon¬ strated in vain with the State Department at Washington, Mr. Strang exposed his corruptions and misdemeanors through the press of the United States and Constantinople. For this an employe of the consulate assaulted him at the railroad station in Alexandria, but he learned from painful experience that all ministers are not non-resistant. After a year of pain¬ ful suffering from ophthalmia Mr. Strang was compelled in 1876 to return to the U. S., and since Ap., ’78, has had the pastoral care of Hopewell congregation, in Lincoln, Tenn., hoping still that his eyes may some day allow his return to Egypt. STRANG, James (A.)*: Was born in 1792 in Buchlyvie, near Sterling, in Scotland; was educated and licensed under the auspices of the United Secession Synod; came to the U. S. and was received in Aug., 1832, by the Asso. Pres, of Albany, was was ordained in July, ’33, by the same; was pastor of Dumfries Galt, Ontario, Canada, from his ordination until his death, Oct. 22, 1857, from general debitity. STRAUS, Juivius: Was received Ap. 4, 1866, by the First Pres, of Ohio from the O. S. Presbyterian Ch.; supplied for three years in or about Cincinnati, and two at Barlow, O.; returned to the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Batavia, O. STRONG, Charles, (A. R.)*: Was a native of South Carolina; was graduated in 1808 at South Carolina College, and studied theology for four years in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed July 13, 1815, by the First Pres, of the Carolinas, and ordained Nov. 8, ’16, by the same; was pastor at Cannon’s Creek, King’s Creek and Prosperity, in Newberry Co., S. C., from his ordination until his death, July 20, 1824. ^ man of zeal and ability, and gave good promise of great usefulness had his life been spared. His wife, Nancy Harris, was the grandaughter of Hugh Harris and Ellen Reynolds, whom Dr. Thomas Clark 6o4 THE MINISTRY. married while he was in jail in Monaghan, Ireland. (See Thomas Clark.) STRONG, Charles Henry: Was born Dec. 20, 1848, at Ellettsville, Monroe Co., Ind.; was graduated at the Indiana State University in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 10, 1875, by Princeton Pres., and ordained Ap. 5, ’76, by Garnett; pastor of Garnett, Kan., since Ap. 5, 1876. Publications: The Progress of our Country, an Address, 1877; The Responsibili¬ ties Resting Upon Our Common School Teachers, an Ad¬ dress; The Waldensian Church, an Address, 1880. STRONG, Thomas M. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1797, at Cooperstown, N. Y.; his father was a lawyer and moved to New York city in 1800; he was gradu¬ ated at Columbia College in 1816, and studied two years in New York under Dr. Mason and one year in Princeton; was licensed in 1819 in the Presbyterian Ch., and supplied in Norfolk, Va., and was ordained in Oct., 1821, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Big Spring; was pastor of Shippensburg and Chambersburg, Pa., Oct., 1821-Aug., ’22; joined the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor at Flat Bush, Long Island, N. Y., Oct., 1822, until his death, June 14, 1861. He was Stated Clerk of the General Synod of the Dutch Ch., 1828- ’61. He possessed great symmetry of mind and of character; was very studious and wonderfully methodic. He wrote two sermons every week without any special regard to their use, so that ten years before his death he had more than three hundred sermons in advance, awaiting delivery. STRUTHERS, Allan B. : ' Was graduated at Monmouth in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Mar., 1866, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 8, ’68, by Conemaugh; pastor of Biookville, Jefferson, apd Beaver Run, Jefferson Co., Pa., Sept., 1868-Dec., 12, ’71; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now at Piqua, O. STURGEON, Hugh (A.): Was graduated at Jefferson in 1846, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 18, 1850, by Chartiers THE MINISTRY. 605 Pres., and ordained May 6, ’52, by Richland; was pastor at Wooster, O., May, 1852-Ap. ’56; Kingston, Linn Co., la.-, summer 1856-Ap., ’59; installed over Darlington and Pales¬ tine, by Allegheny Pres., June, 1862; dropped the latter in a few years, and still retains the former. STURGEON, Samuel (A. R.)*: When perhaps fifty years old was received Aug. 27, 1833, from the Newton Pres., N. J., of the Presbyterian Ch. by the Pres, of Monongahela; was pastor at Sidney, O., Nov., 1837;- May, ’40; for several years did missionary work in Illinois and Iowa, and finally located at Dutch Creek, Washingtoti Co., la., and died Ap. ii, 1854, at Birmingham, while re¬ turning home from a meeting of Presbytery at Keokuk. SWAN, Peter: Was born Feb. 21, 1851, near Pittsburgh, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1878, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1881, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Ap. 24, ’82, by Keokuk; pastor at Burlington, Des Moines Co., la., since ordination. SWANKY, James Wallace*: Was born Jan. 26, 1847, Hookstown, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1872, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ July 9, ’74, by Conemaugh; was S; S. at Johnstown, Pa., Ap., 1873-Sept., ’76; pastor at Oil City, Pa., Ap. 30, 1877-Oct. 4, ’82. Died Jan. 2, 1883, of spinal meningitis. TAGGART, Alexander Patterson*: Was born in 1850 in Beaver Co,, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June ii, 1872, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’74, by the same; was S. S. for a few months at W- Beaver, and died near Chase City, Mecklenburgh Co., Va., Feb. 12, 1875. TAGGART, James Clark: Was born July 31, 1840, near E. Palestine, Columbiana Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 16, 1868, by Alle- 6 o6 THE MINISTRY. gheny Pres., and ordained June 30, ’69, by Steubenville; pastor at E. Liverpool, Columbiana Co., O., since ordination; served three years in the army during the civil war. TAGGART, Robert Brewster: Was born Sept. 16, 1842, in E. Palestine, Columbiana Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 8, 1868, by First New York Pres., and ordained Sept. 2, ’69, by Dela¬ ware; pastor at N. Kortright, N. Y., Sept., 1869-Ap. 29, ’73; Second Ch., Washington, la., June 9, 1874-Ap. 13, ’76; Mt. Pleasant, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Sept. 4, 1877-June 13, ’83; Prof, in Westminster College 1885-6. Publications: A number of articles in the Evangelical Repository. TAGjGART^_S^uel (A. R.)*: Was born about 1750, in Londonderry, New Hampshire; was graduated at Dartmouth in 1774, and ordained in 1781 by one of the independent Presbyteries of New England; joined the Third Asso. Ref. Presbytery Feb. 13, 1783; was pastor in Coleraine, Franklin Co., Mass., from his ordination until his death, which took place Ap. 25, 1821. Passed out of the Asso. Ref. Ch., with the Pres, of Londonderry. In 1803 he was elected to Congress and served for fourteen years; during all this time his pastoral relation with his congrega¬ tion was not disturbed. TAGGART, Samuee (A. R.)^: Was born Mar. 26, 1803, in county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at the Western University in 1831, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. i, 1834, by Monon- gahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’35, by the same; was in¬ stalled at ordination over W. Middletown, Washington Co., Pa., and Mt. Vernon; resigned the latter in 1845 and the former in Ap., 1855; went west and received a call from Har¬ mony, Ill.; was afflicted with the ague, and returned next year to Penn., and in Sept., 1856, was recalled by his old congregation at W. Middletown, where he remained until Sep. 1884; died Oct. 21, 1885. TAGGART, Samuel Alexander: Son of Rev. Samuel; was born Oct. 2, 1844, at W. Middle- THE MINISTRY. 607 town, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap., 1867, by Sidney Pres., and ordained May 12, ’68, by Indiana; pastor at Spring Hill, Ind., May 1868-Nov. ’68; pastor at Turtle Creek, Pa., Dec. 20, 1870-Ap. II, ’71; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1871, and has been, since 1871, State Secretary of the Young Men’s Christian Association of Pennsylvania. TAGGART, William, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1783; spent the last three years of his classical and literary education, in connection with Dr. S. Findley, with the Rev. Alex. Calderhead at St. Clairsville, O.; studied theology four years in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed Sept. 2, 1813, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 9, ’14, by the same; was installed at ordination over Cadiz and Upper Wheeling, Harrison and Belmont counties O.; he resigned the former June 20, ’38, and retained the lat¬ ter until ’55, and died Sept, ii, 1865, at Uniontowu, O., from the decay of age. TARR, Casper W. : Was born Feb. 18, 1856, at Holliday’s Cove, Hancock Co., W. Va.; was graduated at Franklin in 1878, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 2, 1881, by Frankfort Presbytery, and ordained Sept. 25, ’82, by Neosho. TATE, John Torrence (A.): Was born Nov. 5, 1820, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1846, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 18, 1850, by Miami Pres., and ordained Sept, 15, ’53, by Iowa; pastor of Pleasant Valley, Keokuk Co., la., 1854-’70; recalled and pastor of the same since July 6, ’75, and Westminster from ’78-’87. TAYLOR, James Walker: Was born Sept. 8, 1828, in New Athens, O., but brought up in Iberia, Morrow Co.; was graduated at Westminster in 1858, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Ap.,, 1862, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained June 14, ’65, by Sid¬ ney; pastor of Darby and Sugar Run, June, 1865-Dec. ’67; Northwood, O., Feb. i868-Ap., ’71; Londonderry and Tippe¬ canoe, Guernsey Co., O., since Aug. 17, 1876. 6 o8 THE MINISTRY. TAYLOR, John: Was born in Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1867, and studied theology at Mon¬ mouth and Newburgh; was licensed July 2, 1867, by Dela¬ ware Pres., and ordained June 12, ’72, by Minnesota; pastor of Argyle, Redwood Co., Minn., July 20, 1872-Oct. 15, ’73; S. S. and pastor of Cottonwood Falls, Chase Co., Kan., 1876- Mar. 21, ’83; Victoria la., S. S. 1884. TAYLOR, John: Was born July 25, 1844, at Cadiz, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Sept. 6, 1875, by West Missouri Pres., and ordained May 9, ’76, by the same; pastor at Bethel, Mo., Aug. 3, 1876-July 16, ’78; S. S. at Warrensburg, Mo., i88o-’3. TAYLOR, John Erwin: Was born in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Frank¬ lin in 1853, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1857, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Aug. 24, ’59, by Saratoga; pastor at Cabin Hill, Delaware Co., N. Y., Aug., 1859-’66; became disabled and had to give up the active duties of the ministry; joined the Congregational Ch. and is engaged in gold mining in Colorado. TAYLOR, WiEUAM (A. R.)*: Was most probably an Irishman by birth and education; about 1823 became S. S. to the Presbyterian congregation in Madrid, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., and Sept. 2, 1826, he and the congregation joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washing¬ ton; became pastor of the Madrid church in 1827, signed Sept. 2, ’37, because of the infirmities of age, and soon afterward died. TAYLOR, WiELiAM (A. R.)*: Was born in 1809 near Cadiz, O.; was academically edu¬ cated, and studied theology with the Rev. Alex. McCoy; was licensed May 13, 1829, Dissenting Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 19, ’31, by the same; was pastor of the Dissenting congregations of Cherry Fork,- Eagle Creek, Scioto, Brush Creek and Xenia, in Ohio, Ap., 1831-May, ’38. On, the 28th of May, 1838, he joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Chilli- THE MINISTRY. 609 cothe, and as his health was beginning to fail he took no charge, but taught a classical school in Ripley, O., as long as able. He died May i, 1842, from consumption. TEAS, John: Was born Oct. 28, 1848; was graduated at the College of the City of New York, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 5, 1871, by the Second Pres, of New York, and ordained May 7, ’72, by First New York; pastor in Pat¬ erson, N. J., May, 1872-Ap., ’77; Tenth Ch., Philadelphia, since Jan. 14, 1878. TEDFORD, James Harvey: Was born Mar. 4, 1832, at Portland Mills, Ind.; was grad¬ uated at South Hanover in 1856, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 8, 1859, by Michigan Pres., and ordained Ap. i, ’62, by Mercer; pastor at Greenville, Mercer Co., Pa., Ap., 1862-May 2, ’65; Bethsaida, Tipton Co., Ind., June, 1866-Sept. 25, ’77; Mt. Ayr, la., June 10, 1879-85; is now editor at Mt. Ayr. TEDFORD, James Pringle*: Was born Mar. 13, 1853, Louisa Co., la.; was educated at Monmouth, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1881, by the Keokuk Pres., and ordained May 31, ’81, by Chillicothe; pastor of Greenfield and Fall Creek, O., from ordination until his death, Feb. 10, 1885, from consumption. TELFAIR, David (A. R.)*: Was born and educated in Scotland, and ordained in 1746 in the Associate Ch., and when the Synod divided in 1747 he adhered to the Burgher wing, and became pastor at the Bridge of Tieth. On the 12th of Nov., 1765, the Burgher Synod appointed him and Samuel Kinloch, a licentiate, to go to America, and “remain until Ap., 1767, unless it should see fit to recall or extend their appointments. They were to preach not only in Philadelphia and New Cambridge, N. Y. (the places whence petitions had come to Synod for preachers), but in any other places where they might find an opening.” They landed in the early summer of 1766, and Mr. Telfair spent most of his time with the Burgher congregation in Shippen St, Philadelphia. When Ap., 1767, came, Telfair 6 io THE MINISTRY. and Kinloch concluded to remain permanently in this coun¬ try, and on the 9th of June, ’67, they joined the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania (Anti-burgher). They both changed their minds, and in 1769 Mr. Kinloch returned to Scotland, and soon became pastor of the Burgher Ch. in Paisley, and so re¬ mained until his death. In 1768 Mr. Telfair returned to Scotland, resumed his charge at the Bridge of Tieth, and re¬ mained until ’71, when he came back to America, remained as an independent Burgher minister until Aug. 12, ’80, when he joined the Ref. (Covenanter) Pres., and with that Presby¬ tery came into the Asso. Ref. Ch. at the union of 1782. He served his old church in Shippen St., from his return in ’71 until ’88, when he resigned because of his age, and died in Philadelphia in 1789, and was buried in the old burying ground on Shippen St., near Fourth. TELFORD, John Cree (A.): Grandson of the Rev. John Cree; was born Aug. 22, 1821, near East Greenwich, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1844, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 20, 1848, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Jan. I, ’50, by Clarion; pastor of Mahoning and connections Jan., 1850-Ap., ’67; W. Union and Olivet, in Indiana Co., Pa., since May, 1867, resigning Olivet Ap. 15, 1879. TELFORD, Morrison Samuel: Brother of John C.; was born July 3, 1834, in Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was li¬ censed in Ap., 1863, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained June 16, ’64, by the same; pastor of Jacksonville and Crete, June, 1864-Ap., 18, ’72; Beaver Run, Beech woods and Cherry Run, Jefferson Co., Pa., Feb. 6, 1873-Ap. 12, ’82; Hanover, Beaver Co., Pa., June 13, 1882- TEMPLETON, James (A.)*: Was born in 1805 in Union Co., Pa., and went in early life to Canonsburg; was graduated at Jefferson in 1824, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 8, 1829, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained July 26, ’30, by Miami; pas¬ tor at Sugar Creek, O., July, 1830-July, ’38; Granville, Put- THE MINISTRY. 6 ll nam Co., Ill., Nov., 1839, until his death, Dec. 3, 1843, from inflammation of the lungs. THOMAS, Andrew (A.): Was received in the spring of 1854 by the Asso. Pres, of New York; pastor of Williamsburg, Long Island, N. Y., May 18, 1854-Dec., ’55; Providence, R. I., Dec. 20, 1855-57; Johnstown, N. Y., May, 1858-July 14, ’63; W. Delhi, Dela¬ ware Co., N. Y., 1863-67; and soon after left the church. THOMAS, Elam Z. : Was born May 23, 1841, in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1872, by Butler Pres., and ordained Dec. 16, ’73, by Westmoreland; pastor of Unity, Westmoreland Co., Pa., since ordination. Served for one year in the ranks during the civil war. THOME, James Lane: Was born Jan. 13, 1848, in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology in Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 27, 1875, Chartiers Pres., and ordained Ap. 4, ’77, by Keokuk; pastor at Winfield, Henry Co., la., since ordination. THOMPSON, Charles*: Was born Nov. 26, 1831, in Salem, N. Y.; was educated at Monmouth and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap., 1862, by Chicago Pres., and ordained June 17, ’63, by Monmouth; pastor of Oquawka and Olena, Ill., from his or¬ dination until his death, Jan. 2, 1866. THOMPSON, David (A.): Was born in July, 1806, at Coothill, county Cavan, Ire¬ land; was graduated at Jefferson in 1829, studied theol¬ ogy at Canonsburg; was licensed Mar. 18, 1834, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept., 12, ’38, by thesame; pastor of Mt. Hope and Cross Creek, Sept., 1838-June 15, ’47; Clear Fork, Guernsey Co., O., June, 1861-May, ’74. Most of the time between these pastorates was spent in missionary work in the Territories of Oregon and Washington. Is retired and in¬ firm at Monmouth, Ill. Publications: Songs to be Sung in the Worship of God, pp. 21, 1848; How to Make a Will, pp. 6 i2 THE MINISTRY. loo; a large number of elaborate and exhaustive papers in the Repository^ among which are Common Benefits, Whether Purchased by Christ; The Use of Instrumental Music in Divine Worship; Popish Baptism not Valid. THOMPSON, Horatio, D. D., (A.)*: Was born Ap. i, 1799, in Cambridge, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1823, studied theology in Philadelphia under Dr. Banks; was licensed July 10, 1828, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained in Mar., ’ 34, by the Carolinas, as pastor of Ebe- nezer. Timber Ridge and Broad Creek, Va. The Associate Pres., of the Carolinas declined the authority of the Asso. Synod in 1839 and remained independent until Ap. 15, 1844, when it was united with the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South. It contained at that time only Dr. Thompson and John Pat¬ rick. About this time Dr. Thompson’s charge was rear¬ ranged so that it was composed of Timber Ridge and Old Providence, and so remained until his death. May 3, 1882. THOMPSON, Hugh Hogue, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Oct. 13, 1819, in Belmont Co., O.; was educated at Franklin and Madison Colleges, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 23, 1845, ^7 Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Oct. 9, ’47, by the Eake; pastor of Cochranton, Crawford Co., Pa., Oct, 1847-Feb. 7, ’65; in connection with Sandy Creek, Sept, 1847-May, ’55, and Meadville, May, 1855-May, ’60; Urbana, O., June, 13, 1865-Ap. 2, ’78. Pub¬ lication: The History of Sidney Pres., pp. 88, 1879. THOMPSON, James (A.)*: Was born June 20, 1821, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1845, studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed June 13, 1849, ^7 Chartiers Pres., and ordained July 13, ’52, by Cambridge; pastor of S. Argyle, N. Y., July, 1852-Mar., ’53. On Mar. 29, 1853, he was trans¬ ferred to a new congregation on W. 25th St, New York, where he remained until his death, which occurred suddenly from apoplexy Ap. 28, 1871. THOMPSON, James Lorimer: Was born July 26, 1851, near Smithfield, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia and Alle- THE MINISTRY. 613 gheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1877, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained June ii, ’78, by Boston; pastor of Whitinsville, Mass., from ordination until Ap. 12, ’82; S. S. Alpina, Micb., 1884-’6; Lyndon, N. Y., July, ’87. THOMPSON, John, D. D. (A.): Was received in 1851 by the Asso. Pres, of New York from the Free Ch. of Scotland, and installed pastor of the First Ch., in Grand St., New York; in June, 1853, he and the con¬ gregation passed to the Presbyterian Ch. He subsequently returned to Scotland, and joined the Kirk. THOMPSON, Joseph (A. R.)*: Was born in 1812 in Carroll Co., Ind.; was educated at Academy, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 2, 1838, by the Pres, of Indiana, and ordained in ’40, by Illinois; pastor at Hopewell, Perry Co., Ill., 1840-’46; of Camden and Burnett’s Creek, Ind., from 1847 until his death, which occurred at his home in White Co., Dec. 7, 1852, from typhoid fever. The writing of the “Hoosier’s Nest” has fre¬ quently been credited to him. This is a mistake, for that poem was written by John Findley, of Richmond, Ind., for the Indianapolis Journal^ where it was published in Jan., 1830. Mr. Thompson had his peculiar characteristics, which every one could see, but back of these lay a wonderful amount of genuine principle and tireless industry. THOMPSON, Joseph Addison: Son of Samuel F.; was born Feb. 8, i860, at Ross’ Grove, De Kalb Co., Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1886, by New York Pres., and ordained Ap. 7, ’87, by Garnett; pastor of Chetopa, Labette Co., Kan., from ordination until July 14, ’87; President of Tarkio College since July, 1887. THOMPSON, Joseph Russele (A.)*: Brother of the Rev. James; was born Sept. 15, 1823, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1848, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 28, 1851, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Ap. 28, ’53, by the same; was pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Washington Co., Pa., from ordi¬ nation until his death, Dec. 16, 1861. There was a third 6i4 THE MINISTRY. brother, Alexander Wilson Thompson, born Dec. 26, 1816, who died as a licentiate Nov. 12, ’54, on the eve of his settlement as the successor of his brother at S. Argyle, N. Y. These three brothers were men of excellent mind and ster¬ ling character, and left pleasant memories. THOMPSON, JosiAH (A.): Was born near Canonsburg; was graduated at Jefferson in 1845, studied theology at the Western Theo. Sem., Alle¬ gheny (Presbyterian); was licensed Oct. 21, 1856, by Char- tiers Pres., and ordained Jan. 14, ’58, by the same; pastor of Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa., Jan., 1858-Ap. 25, ’66; of Cen- treview. West Mo., 1868-Aug. 29, ’73; Four Mile, Beaver Co., Pa., Feb. 19, 1875-Feb. 4, ’78; returned to his farm near Centreview, Mo., and in Ap. 1880, joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is without charge. THOMPSON, Robert Graham (A. R.) Was born May 31, 1816, in Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Madison College, Antrim, O., in 1839, and studied theol¬ ogy at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 19, 1843, ^7 Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Aug. 14, ’45, by Mansfield; was installed at ordination over Auburn, in Richland Co., DeKalb, in Crawford Co., and Eden, near Tiffin, in Seneca Co., O.; exchanged Eden for Upper Sandusky in ’56; resigned Au¬ burn in ’58, and the others in ’60; was Principal of De- Kalb Academy 1857-Ap., ’63; was chaplain of 64th Ohio Regiment in the civil war July i, 1863, till mustered out Jan. 5, ’66; organized and supplied Kingsville and Holden, in West Mo., in 1866; gave up the former in ’69 and the lat¬ ter in ’74; still preaches as his health allows. THOMPSON, Rankin J. : Son of Rev. David; was born in 1844 in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 18, 1871, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 14, ’74, by Garnett; was pastor of Halsey and Calipooia, in Oregon, for a short time; supplied Arkansas City and El Paso, in Kan., and after being infirm several years, pastor of Sterling, Kan., Nov. i, 1882-Sept. 9, ’85. THE MINISTRY. 615 THOMPSON, Samuel Findley (A. R.): Was born May 17, 1828, near P'airview, Guernsey Co., O., and brought up near Auburn, Crawford Co.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Allegheny and Oxford; was licensed Ap. 21, 1852, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Aug. 7, ’55, by Boston; pastor at Lawrence, Mass., Aug., 1855-July 10, ’57; pastor of Ross Grove, DeKalb Co., Ill., May 4, 1858-Ap. 3, ’62; resigned because of asthma, and tried rest and farming for two or three years; was S. S. at Camp Creek, Chicago Pres., 1864-’68; was sent as a mis¬ sionary to Tenn., and commenced labor July, 1868, at Dick¬ son and Nails Creek; congregations have been organized in both places, and he serves them still. THOMPSON, William Rowland: Was born in Ohio, educated at Hopedale College, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 8, 1886, by Wheel¬ ing Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’87, by the same; pastor of High Ridge, O., and Buchanan Hill, W. Va., since ordina¬ tion. THORN, Daniel McLean: Was born June 15, 1838, in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Aug. of 1866 by Mercer Pres., and ordained Oct. 14, ’68, by Conemaugh; pastor of Mahoning, Armstrong Co., Pa., Oct., i868-’7o; Biggsville, Ill., Aug. 28, 1871- Aug., ’72; Emsworth, Allegheny Co., Pa., Sept. 8, 1873- May 2, ’76; Buena Vista, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Dec. 16, 1879-’87; pastor Madison and Sewickly, Pa., since Sept. 6, 1887. THYNE, Joseph: Was born Nov. 20, 1830, in Albany, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1858, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 26, i860, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Aug. 22, ’61, by Delaware; pastor at Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., Aug., i86i-’66; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and served a congre¬ gation in N. J., i 866-’9; since which time he has been a teacher in Fulton Co., N. Y. 6 i6 THE MINISTRY. TIDE ALL, Mieford: Was born Dec. i6, 1852, near Chili, Coshocton Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1876, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 8, 1879, Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 9, ’81, by Wabash; pastor at Idaville, White Co., Ind., Ap. 9, i88i-Ap. 12, ’84; Columbus City, la., May 23, 1884. TIMMONS, Joseph Hamilton: Was born Jan. 25, 1830, in Brook Co., W. Va.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 19, 1859, by Wheeling Presbytery, and ordained June 13, ’60, by Allegheny; pastor at Taren- tum, Allegheny Co., Pa., June 13, 1860-84; Chartiers Cross Roads, Sept. 5, 1884. TODD, Daniel: Was born at Old Monkland, near Glasgow, Scotland; was graduated at Glasgow University and studied theology in the United Presbyterian Divinity Hall, Edinburgh: was licensed in Jan., 1856, by the United Presbyterian Presbytery of Glasgow; came to the U. S. in i860, and was ordained May 14, ’62, by Chicago; pastor of Chemung, Ill., 1862-’4; S. S. at Highland, la., 1868-’79. TODD, Hugh Wallace (A.): Was received in 1856 by the Asso. Pres., of New York as a licentiate from the Congregational Ch. of Scotland, and was ordained in the spring of ’57 by New York Pres.; pastor at Paterson, N. J., spring 1857-July 27, ’69; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and is at Vandalia, Ill. TODD, John (A.)*: Was born Jan. 25, 1806, near New Sheffield, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1837, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed July 6, 1841, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 6, ’43, by Allegheny; pastor from ordina¬ tion at Jefferson, Beaver Run and Upper Piney, in Jefferson and Clarion counties. Pa.; resigned Jefferson in 1858 to take charge of the Brookville Academy; resigned Academy and the two congregations in June, 1865; traveled for health’s sake for four years; pastor of Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill., THE MINISTRY. 617 May 1870-Ap. ’72, and afterwards retired to Burgettstown^ Pa., and from active labors, where he died Sept. 30, 1881. TOMB, Samuel (A. R.)*: Son 01 David Tomb, one of the ruling elders who came with Dr. Clark from Ireland; was born Jan. i, 1766, at Wall- kill, N. Y.; was educated at Columbia College, and studied theology with James Proudfit and the elder Dr. Mason; was licensed May 27, 1789, by New York Pres., and ordained by the “Presbytery at Eastward” in 1792 or 1793, and the coa¬ lescence of that Presbytery with the Pres, of Eondonderry returned him to the Asso. Ref. Ch. for a short time; pastor at New Market, N. H., Oct., 1794-7; Newbury, Mass., Nov., 1797-1805; of the Presbyterian Ch., Salem, N. Y., from Feb. 19, 1806, until his death. Mar. 28, 1832. A man of very much more than average ability. TOMPKINS, G. T.: Was licensed in 1870 by Rock Island Pres., and ordained June 14, ’71, by the same; supplied Grandview, la., and then left the church. TOPPING, Samuel (A. R.)*: Was born in 1802 at Fairview, county Armagh, Ireland; united with the Asso. Ch. near Castleblaney in 1819; received a good classical and academic education, and came to Amer¬ ica in 1834; taught school for a year, and then studied theol¬ ogy at Newburgh; was licensed in May, 1839, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained in Feb., ’40, by Saratoga; pastor at Burlington Green, Otsego Co., N. Y., Feb., 1840-June 19, ’44: Seneca, Ontario Co., N. Y., Nov., 1844, until his death, Oct. 8, 1855, from typhoid dysentery. He was peculiarly and tenderly devoted to his work. To his watchers he said: “It is no difference to me which way the balance turns.” Again: “I will soon drink the wine new in my Father’s kingdom.” When too feeble to speak above a whisper he suddenly turned his eyes upward and fastened them there, and, clapping his hands, he cried out: “Up! up! up!” He then folded his hands, and without a struggle, calmly died. TORRENCE, George Watt: Was born Jan. 15, 1829, Xenia, O.; was graduated at 39 6i8 THE MINISTRY. Franklin in 1853, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in Aug., 1857, Miami Pres., and ordained June 16, ’59, by Kansas; pastor at Americus, Kan., June, 1859-Ap., ’60; was S. S. for some time at Martinsburg, O.; missionary to the freedmen 1863-’4; a soldier in the civil war 1864-’5; pastor at Andrew and Bethel, in Iowa, 1866-Oct. 22, ’73; Center- view, Mo., Oct. II, 1874-Aug. 22, ’76; East Union, O., June II, 1879-Aug. 31, ’80; S. S. and pastor North Branch and Patterson, la., 1882- TORRENCE, Hugh Wallace: Was born Feb. 28, 1842, in New Brighton, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1863, and studied the¬ ology at Princeton; was licensed Mar. 29, 1865, by First New York Pres., and ordained July 30, ’67, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Sixth Ch., Philadelphia, July, 1867-Oct. 17, ’70; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor at Charleston, W. Va. TORRENCE, James Templeton: Brother of George W.; was born Mar. 20, 1832, at Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1853, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed June 9, 1857, by Miami Pres., and ordained Sept. 13, ’59, by Cleveland; pastor of Stow and Springfield, Summit Co., O., Sept, 1859-May 14, ’61; Fair¬ fax, la.. May 20, 1865-Feb. 2, ’69; of Sugar Branch, Rankin, Ill., Sep. 13, 1875-Ap. 12, ’83. TOWNLEY, William*: Was born Feb. 24, 1806, in Springfield, N. J.; was grad- uated at Princeton in 1830, and studied theology at Princeton; was licensed in 1833, and ordained in ’34, by the Presbyterian Pres, of Elizabethtown; was settled as pastor successively at Centerville, N. J., in 1835; Fish Pond, N. Y., in ’38; Simp¬ son’s Prairie, Ind., in ’44; at Crown Point, in Ind., ’47; joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Monmouth in ’60, and for ten years performed very efficient missionary work. Died Jan. 15, 1872, of congestion of the brain. TRIS, Abraham C. (A.): Was born July 13, 1817, at Zierikee, Netherlands; was educated at the grammar school of Arnheim, and studied THE MINISTRY. 619 theology under the auspices of the Seceders from the Holland Ref. Ch.; was licensed Oct. 31, 1845, Seceder Classis of Gnelderland, and ordained Dec. 19, ’45, by the Seceder Classis of Zealand; installed at ordination as pastor at Groede; called in 1851 from Holland as minister of the Dutch Re¬ formed Seceder congregation in Albany, N. Y.; joined the Asso. Pres, of Albany in 1854; supplied Lacona, la., 1856- ’64; missionary to the Jews in New York and Secretary of the American Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews, 1864-’76; now residing at Howard, Kan. Publications: Netherland as it is, 1848; The Return of Israel, 1856; The Throne of Christ, i860; An Appeal in Behalf of the Jewish Mission, 1867; An Inviting Call to the Children of Israel, a Jewish tract published in English, Hebrew, German and Spanish, i87i-’75; edited the Star of Bethlehem^ a monthly periodical, 1871-’76; The Witnesses and Their Testimony, a pamphlet, 1878; The Antichrist and the Signs of his Com¬ ing, a pamphlet, 1879; Israel a Nation or a Sect? 1879; The Eastern or Turkish Question, 1880; Satan, 1886. TRUESDALE, John Clark: Was born June 22, 1833, at Fredericksburg, O.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1851, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed in the spring of 1857, ^Y Richland Pres.,, and ordained Oct. 15, 1859, ^Y Conemaugh; was pastor at Brook- ville and Jefferson, in Jefferson Co., Pa., Oct., 1859-Ap., ’64; Paxton, Ill., 1866-Oct., ’71; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and settled at Apple Creek, O.; returned to the United Presbyter¬ ian Ch. in 1886; pastor at Atlantic, la., since Aug., 1887. TURNBUEE, James H. : Brother of Richard; was born July i, 1842, at Hindley, Roxboroshire, Scotland; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1871, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 19, ’72, by Cedar Rapids; pastor of Tranquillity, la., June, 1872-Oct. 6, ’75; of Fall River, Mass., Sept. 5, 1876-Oct. 14, ’85; joined the Presbyterian Ch. of Canada. TURNBUEE, James Scott: Was born Mar. 21, 1845, in Greene Co., O.; was graduated 620 THE MINISTRY. at Westminster in 1871, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 29, 1874, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Sept. 26, ’76, by Neosho; pastor of Ninniscah and Alta, Sedgwick Co., Kan., since Ang. 22, 1877, resigning Alta Jan. i, ’87. TURNBULL, Richard: Was born June 22, 1840, in Roxburghshire, Scotland; was graduated at Monmouth in 1865, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 4, 1866, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Nov. 13, ’67, by Des Moines; pastor in Des Moines, la., Nov., 1867-Ap. 16, ’72; Third Ch., Xenia, Ap. 28, 1874-Sept. 17, ’78; Detroit, Mich., since Nov. 21, 1878. TURNBULL, Thomas Beveridge: Was born in Monmouth, Ill., Ap. 27, 1847; graduated at Monmouth in 1870, and studied theology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 29, 1872, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. 16, ’73, by Rock Island; pastor of Aledo, Ill., Ap., 1873-Sept. 25, ’84; Argyle, N. Y., since Dec. 31, 1884. Publication: A Sermon on Praise, pp. 30, 1879. TURNER, Hugh Blair: Was born Dec. 13, 1847, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1872, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Jan. 26, 1875, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Feb. 27, ’77, by Wisconsin; installed June 14, 1877, over Caledonia and Buffalo, Marquette Co., Wis.; released from the former Feb. 15, ’78, and the latter in ’80; of Dunbar, Neb., June 28, i88i-Ap. 2, ’84; Irwin, la. TURNER, James Duff: Was born Feb. 26, 1834, at Wilkinsburgh, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 26, i860, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’61, by First Ohio; pastor in Cincinnati Oct., 1861-Mar., ’68; Union congregation, Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa., June, 1868-June 30, ’74; E. Eleventh St., New York, Aug. 26, 1874-Dec. 24, ’77; Fourth, Pittsburgh, since Ap. 23, 1878. TURNER, Thomas (A. R.): Brother of William D.; was born in Anderson Co., S. C., THE MINISTRY. 621 about 1810; was graduated at Miami in 1832, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1835, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained in the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South; was received in Ap., 1858, by First Asso. Ref. Pres, of Illi¬ nois from the Asso. Ref Pres, of Georgia, and supplied for nearly two years West Union, in White Co., Ill., when he reconnected himself with the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South because of his views upon slavery; now without charge. TURNER, Thomas Ebenezer: Was born Aug. 30, 1843, Ogden, Ind.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1866, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1868, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Dec. 28, ’70, by Keokuk; pastor of Westminster, Washing¬ ton Co., la., Dec., 1870-Mar. 14, ’72; S. S. in Tennessee and Illinois, 1872-’8; pastor of Lisbon, Wis., since Aug. 22, 1878.- TURNER, William Dickey (A. R.)*: Was born Aug. 6, 1806, in Anderson Co., S. C.; was grad¬ uated at Miami University in 1832, and studied theology mainly with Professors Bishop, McGuffy, Scott and Armstrong of the University, who taught a theological class, and finished at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 21, 1835, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained June 16, ’36, by Indiana; was installed at ordi¬ nation pastor of Bloomington, Ind., and remained until blind-^ ness and feeble health compelled him to resign in 1869; re¬ mained at Bloomington as an invalid. Died of heart disease Aug. 6, 1883. ,/ URE, David Meikleham, D. D. : Was born May 10, 1834, in Sterlingshire, Scotland; was graduated at Miami in 1858, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1861, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Oct. 8, ’62, by Argyle; pastor at Argyle, Nj Y., Oct., 1862-Jan. 16, ’72; Second Ch., Monmouth, Ill., Oct. 30, 1872-Aug. 4, ’74; General Agent and Treasurer of Monmouth College, 1874-’86. VAN ATT A, Peter R. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1814; and received in 1853 by the Asso. Ref Pres, of Michigan from the Presbyterian Pres, of Logansport, (O. S.) After two or three years supplying in Illinois he re- 622 THE MINISTRY. turned to the Presbyterian Ch., and lived at Lafayette, Ind., where he died Aug. i6, 1885. VAN ATT A, Samuel Findley (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 12, 1826, at Bridgeport, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1849, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1853, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained June 14, ’55, by Iowa; was pastor of Brighton and Washington, la., June, 1855-autumn of’63. In 1863 he and his wife were appointed by the United Presbyterian Synod of Iowa to go as missionaries to the Freedmen down the Missis¬ sippi river. While on the steamer Brazil, between Vicksburg and Natchez, they were fired upon by rebel guerrillas, and Mrs. Vanatta was killed by a cannon ball, and he was so severely wounded in the hip that he died May 30, 1864, in the hospital at Vicksburg. VANCE, John A. (A.)*: Was born Mar. 12, 1823, Mountville, Lawrence Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theoldgy at Can- Onsburg; was licensed June 21, 1848, by Shenango Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’49, by Iowa; pastor of Pleasant Divide, Monroe Co., la.. Sept.. 1849-Ap., ’56; Knoxville, la., 1860- Ap. 15, ’63; S. S. at Middletown, la., i863-’7; pastor of Lis¬ bon and connections, in Waukesha Co., Wis., from 1867 until his death. May 10, 1877. VAN EATON, John, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 31, 1817, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1843, studied theology with Dr. Andrew Heron and at Oxford Seminary; was licensed in Ap., 1846, by Spring- field Pres., and ordained Oct. 3, ^49, by Caledonia; pastor in Rochester, N. Y., Oct., 1849-June 29, ’53; at York, Livings¬ ton Co., N. Y., from the autumn of 1853 until his death. Mar. 5, 1880, from an affection of the heart. Publication: Lec¬ tures on Haggai and Zechariah; i2mo., pp. 366, 1882. VAN NEST, Abraham Rynier, D. D. (A. R.): Was born in 1823 in New York city; was graduated at Rutgers in 1841, and studied theology at New Brunswick; was licensed in 1847 Dutch Classis of New York, and ordained in ’48 by the same; was pastor of the Asso. Ref. THE MINISTRY. 623 Union congregation in Newburgh, N. Y., May, 1848, until Nov. following; returned to the Ref. Dutch Ch., and was pastor of 2ist St. Ch., New York, i848-’62; American Chap¬ lain in Paris, France, i863-’4; in Rome, Italy, 1864-’5; and in Florence, Italy, i866-’75; pastor of the Third Dutch Ch., Philadelphia, since May, 1878. VEAZEY, John H. : Was born Feb. 17, 1844, Beaver Co., Pa.; was educated privately, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1875, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained June 26, ’77, by Allegheny; pastor of Fleming, Allegheny Co., Pa., June, 1877-83; Chase City, Va., 1884- VERTICAN, F. W.: Was received in Sept., 1878, by the Allegheny Presbytery from the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has supplied sev¬ eral congregations. VINCENT, Alvan Stuart: Son of Dr. George; was born Ap. 13, 1841, at New Athens, O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed May ii, 1870, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’72, by Keokuk; was pastor of Brighton, la., Ap., 1872-Dec. 8, ’79; at Spring Hill, Decatur Co., Ind., since Ap. 17, 1880. In 1861 he left college and volunteered in the Second Ohio Cavalry; served in the ex¬ treme Avest, in Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas and the Indian Territory, and came out of the service in the autumn of 1865 with the rank of captain. VINCENT, George Carothers, D. D., LL. D. (A.): Was born Ap. 4, 1813, in Harrisville, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1836, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed June 30, 1840, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Nov. 23, ’41, by Illinois; pastor of Washington and Grandview, la., 1841-Sept. 8, ’47; Mercer Cross Roads and Lebanon, Mercer Co., Pa., Dec. 1847-Dec. 28, ’52; Greek Prof, in Westminster College and continued to be pas¬ tor of Lebanon until 1869; Pastor of Brookville and Jefferson, Jefferson Co., Pa.; 1872-Aug. 3, ’77. President of Franklin College June 28, 1877-’84. editor of the West- 624 THE MINISTRY. minster Herald and assistant editor of the United Presbyterian for six years. Pastor at Latrobe and Fairmount, Pa., since Ap. 14, 1885. VINCENT, William Hanna: Son of Dr. George; was born Oct. 24, 1848, in Mercer, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 17, 1872, by First New York Pres., and ordained June 16, ’74, by West¬ moreland; pastor of Fairfield, Ap. 10, 1872-July ’87; Mans¬ field, O., since Aug. 9, 1887. WADDELL, Joseph Buchanan*: Was born July 20, 1836, in Ohio Co., W. Va.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1862, by Wheeling, and ordained Sept. ^ 5 } ’^ 3 ) by the Lake; pastor of Evansburgh (and Shenango, Pa., part of the time) Sept., 1863-May ’71; of Center, Wash¬ ington Co., Pa., June 10, 1873, death. Died Feb. 12, 1886. WADDLE, Benjamin, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born June 2, 1802, near Wheeling, W. Va.; was classi¬ cally educated at Wheeling Academy, and studied theology ai Allegheny; w^as licensed Ap. 28, 1828, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained May 6, ’29, by the same; pastor of Jona¬ than’s Creek, Rush Creek, Thornville (and for a year Zanes¬ ville,) O., May 1829-Ap. ’36; in the summer of 1836 he be¬ came pastor of Crooked Creek, Salt Creek, Lebanon and East Union, but in ’49 these congregations had so increased that he resigned all but Crooked Creek, now known as New Concord, Muskingum Co., O., which he retained until Nov. ’58; pastor of Kenton, Hardin Co., O., from Dec., 1859, til his death. May 16, 1879. He was one of the founders of Muskingum College, and for a time its President and an act¬ ing Professor. He also represented Hardin Co., in the State Legislature for one term. He had an eye single to his ]\Ias- ter, so that his influence everywhere and in all relations was for good. WADDLE, John McMachen: Was born July 4, 1837, near Wheeling, W. Va.; was grad- THE MINISTRY. 625 uated at Franklin in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1862, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained May 14, ’63, by Chillicothe; pastor at Decatur, Brown Co., O., May, 1863-’68; of Young America, Warren Co., Ill., 1868-Aug. 27, ’76; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now pastor at Knoxville, Ill. WADDLE, William Glenn, D. D. : Son of Dr. Benjamin; was born P'eb. 12, 1835, at Rnshville, Fairfield Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1855, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Oct. 13, 1857, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. 16, ’59, by Wheeling; was installed at ordination over Cassville, Tippecanoe and Franklin, in Harrison Co., O.; resigned Franklin June 10, ’62, and Tippecanoe Oct. 21, ’69; was installed over Unity Nov. 30, ’69, and still selves it and Cassville. With the consent of his congregation he was elected and served as a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1873-’4. WADE, Nixon Everette: Was born in Londonderry, Ireland; was graduated at Franklin in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed June 21, 1865, by Butler Pres., and or¬ dained May 7, ’66, by First Ohio; pastor at Richmond, Ind., May, 1866-Oct. 5, ’69; Red Oak, la., Ap., 1871-June 20, ’73; West Union and Pine Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa., June 8, 1875-June 10, ’84; Carrollton and Connotton, O., June 14, 1886- WAIT, Joshua W. *: Was born Aug. 10, 1840, in Ottawa, Canada; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1870, by the Pres, of Tennessee, and ordained Mar. ii, ’73, by the same; pastor of Hopewell, Lincoln Co., Tenn., Mar., 1873-Mar. 28, ’78; died Dec. 17, 1878, at Americus, Kan., of consumption. WALKER, James (A. R.)*: Was"fedeived in the spring of 1799 by the First Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania as a probationer from the Asso. Pres, of Down, Ireland, and was ordained on the 4th of Sept., 1799, by Big Spring; was pastor of Shippensburg and Chambers- 626 THE MINISTRY. burg, Pa., Sept, 1799-Aug. 8, 1820; of Brush Creek, West¬ moreland Co., Pa., Dec. 1820-Ap. 9, ’23; for a number of years he supplied vacancies, and died Feb. 28, 1851, at Savannah, O. WALKER, John (A.)*: Was born in 1786 in Washington Co., Pa.; was educated at Jefferson, and studied theology with Dr. Anderson at Service; was licensed in the summer of 1809 by the Pres, of Ohio, and ordained July ii, ’ii, by the same; pastor of Mercer and con¬ nections in Pennsylvania, 1811-Sept. 14, ’14; was installed over LTnity, Mt. Pleasant and Cadiz, Harrison Co., O., in the summer of 1815; as his congregations increased he re¬ signed Cadiz in ’18, but retained the others until his death, which occurred Mar. 8, 1845, from erysipelas. He was not distinguished for scholarship, but possessed an exceedingly enthusiastic temperament, which made him very energetic and active in his labors. He was a pioneer in the temperance cause even to total abstinence; was very decided in his oppo¬ sition to Free Masonry, and was intensely bitter in his hos¬ tility to slavery. He was always ready, even anxious, to defend his views nnd oppose what he regarded as error. Hence he was engaged in a number of public discussions, the most memorable of which was with Alexander Campbell, the founder of the Campbellite Baptists. He was desirous of es¬ tablishing a classical school in Harrison Co., and as none of the villages would take hold of the matter, he, in connection with a neighbor, laid out a town upon the adjacent parts of their farms, called it New Athens, started a classical school, and rested not until he succeeded in getting from the Legis¬ lature the charter of Franklin College. He studied medicine in his youth, and practiced more or less in an amateur way during his whole ministry, and in his later years felt a neces¬ sity to open a regular practice, for the burning of his house, a boundless hospitality, and a general financial mismanage¬ ment, made him sometimes very poor. WALKER, John H. : Was graduated in 1861 at Washington College, la., and studied theology at Xenia and Monmouth; was licensed Aug. 20, 1862, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’63, by THE MINISTRY. 627 Chicago; was S. S. of the Second United Presbyterian Ch. in Chicago 1863-’5; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is pastor in Chicago. WALKER, Joseph*: Was born Mar. 24, 1827, Adams Co., Pa., and reared at Jonathan’s Creek, Perry Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1852, and studied theology at Newburgh and Allegheny; was licensed in 1855 by the Second A. R. Pres, of Ohio; was Prof of Mathematics in Madison College 1856-’9, and the same in Muskingum College i859-’6i; was ordained Feb. 20, ’62, by Le Claire; supplied for a season at Cedar Rapids, la., but his health proving insufficient for pastoral work he returned to Ohio and resumed his professorship in Muskin¬ gum College in the autumn of 1862 and retained it until his death, which occurred Dec. 17, 1869, from consumption. WALKER, Joseph R. (A. R.)*: Was born Oct. 17, 1822, in Dublin, Ireland; received his preparatory education in his native city, and was graduated at Duquesne College in 1847, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Mar. 27, 1850, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 14, ’52, by Indiana; pastor at New Zion, Decatur Co., Ind., May, 1852-Sept., 1868; joined the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and died at Greensburg, Ind., without charge, June 15, 1886. Publications: The Decrees of God, Asso. Ref. Pulpit, Vol. V; a pamphlet on Slavery. WALKER, Nathaniel Ross: Was born June 29, 1851, in Steubenville, O.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Yale and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1877, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained Nov. ii, ’79, by Indiana; pastor of Cale¬ donia, Ind., from ordination till Oct. i, ’82; of Living Lake and Grand Prairie, la., Nov., i, 1883-Ap. 6, ’86; Alpena Mich., since Spring 1887. WALKER, William Houston (A.)*: Was born in 1815 in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1833, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in the summer of 1838 by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 26, ’39, by Chartiers; pastor of Ohio congrega- 628 THE MINISTRY. tion, in Beaver Co., Pa., from his ordination till his death, June 23, 1841. WALKINSHAW, James Daugherty: Was born Feb. 14, 1832, at Saltsburg, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Oct. 27, 1858, by Westmoreland Pres., and ordained June 20, ’60, by the same; pastor of Beu¬ lah and Union, June, i860-’65; W. Newton and Sewickley, 1865-Dec. 21, ’69; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; was pastor at Martinsburg, O., and then of Upper Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa., and of Wellsburgh, West Va. and Millersburg, O. WALLACE, Alexander Gilfillan, D. D. (A. R.): Was born Mar. 2, 1829, i^ear Bridgeville, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated in 1847 Jefferson, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1852, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June, 6, ’54, by Blairsville; was installed pastor of McKeesport and Bethel, Westmoreland Co., at or¬ dination; was released from the former Ap. i, ’57, and from the latter Ap. i, ’68; pastor of New Brighton, Beaver Co., Ap. i868-Ap. 27, ’84. He has been the Second Clerk of the Gen. Ass. since May, 1868, and Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Church Extension since May, 1870. Editor of the Evangelical Repository since May, 1886. Publications: The Settlement of the Reformed Churches in Western Penn¬ sylvania, United Presbyterian Quarterly, 1861; Sketch of M. Henderson, Jr., in Sprageu’s Annals; of G. C. Arnold in Wilson’s Historical Almanac; several historical addresses at church anniversaries, and numerous articles in the Repository^ the Instructor and the United Presbyterian. WALLACE, David Alexander, D. D., LL. D. (A. R.)*: Nephew of Dr. William; was born June 16, 1826, in Ox¬ ford township, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1846, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1849, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained June 3, ’51, by New York; pastor at Fall River, Mass., June, 1851-Jan. ’54; at E. Boston, Mass., Nov. 15, 1854-Sept. 10, ’56; First Ch., Monmouth, Ill., Oct. 1856- Aug. 23, ’60; Second Ch., Monmouth, Dec. 30, 1863-Dec. THE MINISTRY. 629 29, ’68; Henderson, Ill., Dec. 22, 1874-Dec. 28, ’75; Woos¬ ter, O., from Ap. 16, 1878, until his death. He was Principal of Wheeling Academy 1842-’4; President of Muskingum College i 846-’9; Principal of North Ward Public School, Wheeling, Va., 1849-’50; President of Monmouth College Oct. I, 1856-Jan. I, ’78; was Moderator of the General As¬ sembly of 1864. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1880. Died suddenly Oct. 21, 1883, from nervous asthma. Publications: The Theology of New England, 12 mo., pp. 100, 1856; The Bible, a College Text Book, an Address, 1856; The Missionary, an Address, 1858; Church Member¬ ship, i6mo., pp. 96, 1868; The Mission of the United Pres¬ byterian Church, an Address, 1872, and regular contributions for years to the United Presbyterian. . WALLACE, Henry: Was born Mar. 19, 1836, at W. Newton, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 3, 1862, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Ap. i, ’63, by the same; pastor at Rock Island and Davenport, June, 1863-Ap. i, ’71; Morning Sun, la., Dec. 19, 1871-Ap. 4, ’77; health failed and is editor at Win- terset, la. Publication: The Doctrines of the Plymouth Brethren, 1880. WALLACE, Homer Hugo: Was born Mar. 16, 1854, at Ray-Milton, Venango Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Dec. 12, 1882, by Lake Pres., and ordained May 7, ’84, by Caledonia; pastor of Beulah, Monroe Co., N. Y., May 7, 1884-Aug. 19, ’86; of W. 44th St., New York, since Sept. 21, 1886. WALLACE, Hugh Forsythe: Brother of Dr. David; was born Nov. 12, 1843, Fair- view, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1868, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 19, 1871, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained June 12, ’72, by Des Moines; pastor of Knoxville, la., June, 1872-June 30, ’75; Cedarville, O., Oct. 26, 1875-’83; S. S. Greely, Col., i883-’5; pastor Ap. 3, ’85. Publication: A Memorial Volume of his brother, the late D. A. Wallace, D. D. 630 THE MINISTRY. WALLACE, James (A.)*: Was born Nov. 10, 1801, in York Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1827, studied theology with Dr. Alex. Bullions at Cambridge, N. Y.; was licensed July 9, 1830, by Philadelphia Pres., and ordained Oct. 25, ’32, by Miami; was installed at ordination pastor of Darby and Cherokee (now Huntsville), O.; resigned Darby in 1839, and gave three-fourths of his time to Huntsville and the other fourth to Bellefontaine, and then to Kenton until 1848; resigned Huntsville, because of infirmities, Ap. 10, 1861; preached occasionally as health allowed, making his home at Huntsville, then at Bellefon¬ taine, and finally at Bellecentre. He died suddenly Nov. 30, 1878, at Mr. W. W. Templeton’s house, from cholera morbus. He was a most excellent man, much blessed in his ministry and greatly devoted to his work, and spent the last year or so of his life in reading the Old Testament entirely through in the original Hebrew. WALLACE, James M. : Was born July 5, 1835, in Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864, and studied theology at Allegheny and Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 3, 1867, by Chicago Pres., and ordained Sept. 29, ’68, by Rock Island; pastor of Viola, Mercer Co., Ill., Sept., 1868-Oct. 20, ’70; at Youngstown, O., Feb. 7, 1871-Dec. 13, ’81; 8th Ch., Pittsburgh, Jan. 17, 1882- WALLACE, John (A.)*: Was born in Nov. 1799, in county Antrim, Ireland; was educated at Belfast, and studied theology in Edinburgh; was licensed by the Asso. Pres, of Ahoghil, and having come to America, was received Aug. 13, 1823, t>y the Asso. Pres, of Philadelphia, and ordained June 28, ’24, by the Pres, of the Carolinas; was pastor at New Lebanon, Monroe Co., Va., June, 1824-Mar. 23, ’32; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Mo- nongahela, Oct. 22, 1835; supplied for several years in South¬ ern Illinois; in 1853 joined the Illinois Pres, of the Asso. Synod (Bullions’), and through its union with the old Synod came into the union of 1858, and soon afterward retired from the active duties of the ministry to a farm near Little York, Warren Co., Ill., where he died Dec. 20, 1875. THE MINISTRY. 631 WALLACE, John (A.)*: Was born in 1803 in Ohio; was graduated at Jefferson in 1823, and studied theology at Canonsbnrg; was licensed Aug. 16, 1829, Muskingum Pres., and ordained, sine Ap. 6, ’32, by Miami; in 1831 he accepted a call to Carmel and connections, in Indiana, but subsequently returned it on account of the feebleness of his health, and went to Vicks¬ burg, Miss., where he died Mar. 22, 1833, from consumption. WALLACE, John (A. R.)*: Was received in 1857 Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Ohio from the Ref. Presbyterian Ch. (O. S.); was pastor at Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa., May 6, 1862-May i, ’66; re¬ turned in Sept., 1866, to the Old School Covenanters, and died about 1878, at Adamsville, from the infirmities of age. WALLACE, Joseph (A. R.)*: Was graduated at Union in 1809, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed July 12, 1813, by New York Pres., and ordained, sine titulo^ in May, ’14, by the same. He was very careless about the fulfillment of his appointments, and so fell under the censure of the Gen. Synod; never held a pastoral charge; was a member of the Philadelphia Pres., at the time of the union of 1822, and with it went into the Presbyterian Ch.; the last known of him he was residing in Beaufort, S. C. WALLACE, Joseph R. : Brother of James M.; was born Ap. 21, 1842, in Hopewell township, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 4, 1870, by Lake Pres., and ordained June 14, ’71, by the same; pastor of Jamestown, Mercer Co., Pa., since ordi¬ nation. WALLACE, Robert Gemmill; Was born Feb. 7, 1832, near Guinston, York Co., Pa., and taken in 1834, by his parents, to Logan Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Franklin in 1854, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Feb. 16, 1858, by Miami Pres., and ordained June 6, ’61, by Delaware; was pastor at Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., June, i86i-’6; Rock Prairie, Wis., 1867-Sept. 24, 632 THE MINISTRY. ’73; Bellaire, Belmont Co., O., Jan. 7, 1874-Oct. 5, ’87; San Diego, Cal. S. S. Nov. 1887. WALLACE, Robert Howard, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born Nov. 12, 1796, in Orange Co., N. Y.; was self- educated, although Union College subsequently conferred upon him the honorary degrees of A. M. and D. D., and stu¬ died theology with the Rev. Dr. J. Mcjimsey; was licensed in 1824 by New York Pres., and ordained in ’25 by the same; was pastor at Little Britain, Orange Co., N. Y., from his or¬ dination until his death, Feb. 9, 1868. He declined going into the union of 1858, and remained with the residuary A. R. Synod of New York. A man of good ability, and as his health was always feeble he literally preached for forty years as if the day of reckoning were close at hand. This gave much of the seriousness, solemnity and unction which char¬ acterized his preaching. WALLACE, Robert Howard (A. R.): Son of Dr. Robert H.; was born Dec. 20, 1828, in Little Britain, Orange Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1850, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed May 16, 1854, by New York Pres., and ordained in June, ’55, by Sara¬ toga; pastor at E. Springfield, June, 1855-Oct. 8, ’56; assis¬ tant pastor with his father at Little Britain, Dec. 30, 1857- Feb., ’68, and pastor till ’83. After the union of 1858 he joined the Presbyterian Ch. Is now at Caldwell, N. Y. WALLACE, Samuel (A. R.)*: Brother of Dr. William; was born Jan. 16, 1816, near St, Clairsville, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1839, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed in Ap., 1842, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained June 26, ’43, by the same; pastor of E. Union, Lebanon and Cumberland, O., June, 1843-Ap. 10, ’49; Bellefontaine, O., June 25, 1850- Ap. 18, ’54; Indianapolis, Ind., Oct., 1854-Ap., ’58; Piqua, O., Ap. 13, 1858-Ap. 15, ’69. Died Aug. 26, 1869. Publi¬ cation: The Great Salvation, a Sermon, A. R. Pulpit, Vol. V. WALLACE, Washington: Brother of James M.; was born Jan. 9, 1840, at New Scotts- THE MINISTRY. 633 ville, Beaver Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. II, 1874, by Cleveland Pres., and ordained Aug. 6, ’79, by Chillicothe; pastor of Tranquillity, Adams Co., O., Aug. 1879-July 28, ’8j; Amity, Kan., since Feb., 1887. WALLACE, William, D. D. (A. R.)*: Was born in 1800 near Noblestown, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1824, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 14, 1827, ^7 Monongahela Pres, and ordained Oct. 3, ’28, by the same; was installed at ordination over Wheeling and Short Creek, Va., and W. Mid¬ dletown, Pa.; released from the last, Ap. 2, ’53, from Short Creek Ap. ii, ’37, and from Wheeling in May, ’49; was pas¬ tor at Canonsburg, Pa., Sept. 24, 1850, until his death, from typhoid fever, Jan. 31, 1851. In Aug., 1850, he was elected Prof to Moral Science in Jefferson Callege. Publication: Mighty to Save, a Sermon, A. R. Pulpit, Vol. II. WALLACE, William: Son of Dr. David A.; was born Aug. 20, 1857, in New Con¬ cord, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1878, studied the¬ ology one year at Allegheny and finished with his father; licensed Ap. 16, 1884, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained Jan. ^ 3 ) ’S5, by Cleveland; pastor of Stowe, Summit Co., O., Jan. 13, ’85-Ap., ’87; New Lisbon, O., since May, 1887. WALLACE, William Lockhart, D. D. : Was born Aug. 22, 1834, in Pittsburgh; was graduated in 1857 at Jefferson, and studied theology at Allegheny ; was licensed May 9, i860, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 13, ’61, by Big Spring; pastor of Big Spring, at Newville, Pa., June, 1861-May 15, ’79; at Sewickley, Allegheny Co., Pa., June 27, 1879-June 25, ’86; principal of Freedmen’s Mission College, Norfolk, Va., since Aug., 1886. Publica¬ tions: Should Christians Dance? a Sermon; Characteristics of the Christian Minister, a Sermon; a Thanksgiving Sermon, 1880. WAREHAM, Albert: Was born Jan. 6, 1861, in Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Polytechnic Institute, Allegheny in 1882, and studied 40 634 THE MINISTRY. theology in Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 7, 1885, by Alle¬ gheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 7, ’86, by Albany; pastor of West Charlton, N. Y., since ordination. WARNER, John R. (A. R.): Was born in Allegheny City; was graduated at Dnquesne in 1846, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 25, 1849, Monongahela Pres., and ordained Ap. 13, ’53, by Big Spring; pastor at Pottsville, Schuylkill Co., Pa., Ap. 13 until Sept. 30, of 1853; S. S. for Chambersburg and Gettysburg, Pa., 1854-’57; joined the Presbyterian Ch. and was pastor near Gettysburg for a short time, and ever since at Kirkwood, Mo. WARNOCK, James Campbell: Was born Dec. 4, 1850, at Rock Island, Ill.; was graduated at the Iowa State University, and studied theology in the United Presbyterian Seminary, in Edinburgh, Scotland; was licensed Sept. 5, 1882, by Rock Island Pres., and ordained June 26, ’83, by Ee Claire; pastor of Ee Claire Prairie, la., since ordination. WARRINGTON, George: Was born Dec. 13, 1842, in Dover, Del.; was graduated at ' Amherst, and studied theology at Princeton; was first lieuten¬ ant in the army Nov., 1863-Oct., ’64; was licensed Ap. 14, 1869, by the Pres, of New Brunswick, (Old School Pres.,)and ordained by the West Jersey Pres., May 9, ’71; pastor Glass- boro’, N. J., May, 1871-Dec., ’71; Bald Eagle and Beech Creek, Pa., Sept., 1873-Oct., ’74; Manalapan, N. J., Dec., 1874-May 3, ’80; joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Philadelphia in May, 1880; pastor of Birmingham, la., since Oct. 26, 1882. WARWICK^ Robert (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland about 1760, and studied theology with Brown of Haddington, in Scotland, and was ordained by the Burgher Pres, of Derry; came to America in 1792, and joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and was in 1793 in¬ stalled pastor of Eaurel Hill, Dunlap’s Creek and Spring Hill, in Westmoreland and Fayette counties. Pa.; was re¬ leased from Eaurel Hill Aug. 5, ’95, and from the other two THE MINISTRY. 635 Dec. 12, ’98; having received and accepted a call from Mill Creek, Bank Dick and Sugar Creek, in southwestern O., he removed to the vicinity of Cincinnati in the spring of 1799, On the nth of Nov., 1800, he declined the authority of th$ Asso. Ref. Ch., assigning as his reason its alteration and. modification of the Confession of Faith. Alexander McCoy had done the same thing a year before, and they met at Washington, Pa., Jan. 27, 1801, and formed themselves int^ an Independent Presbytery, and styled it The Reformed Dissenting Presbytery. By it Mr. Warwick was installed o^ the 6th of Sept, 1802, as pastor of Mill Creek or Sycamore, in Warren Co., O., for one-third of his time; the other two-- thirds were distributed over a wide field, including Cincinnati and extending into the State of Indiana. Here he worked for many years most faithfully and laboriously. In 1832 a|i appointment was made by his Pres, for him to preach at St Joseph, Cass Co., Mich., 200 miles distant from his home.' He started in a gig, but the roads were too rough and thp labor too great for his years, and he died on the way. WATSON, Andrew, D. D. : Was born Feb. 15, 1834, in Oliverburn, Perthshire, Scot¬ land; was graduated at Carroll College, Waukesha, Wis., i|| 1857, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny, and medicine in Philadelphia; was licensed May 10, i860, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained May 15, ’61, by Monmouth; was appointed in i860 to the Egyptian mission, and sailed id the autumn of ’61; in 1870 he was appointed Prof, of System-' atic Theology in the theological department of the Egyptian* Training College, and has in Arabic manuscript an extended exposition of the Shorter Catechism as a text-book. WATSON, Thomas Mehard: Was born in Lawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at West-' minster in 1871, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1875, by Mercer Pres., and ordained May 16, ■^76, by Philadelphia; was pastor of Fifth Ch., Philadelphia,' May, 1876-Mar. 8. ’77; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is engaged in secular business in western Pennsylvania. WEBSTER, Chauncey (A.)*: Was born May 20, 1799, in Hartford, Washington Co., N, 636 THE MINISTRY. f Y.; became a printer and spent his early life in Albany. Here he met with the Asso. Church for the first time, delib¬ erately espoused its peculiar doctrines and practices, joined its communion, and was ordained as a ruling elder by Dr. James Martin Ap. 9, 1826. In 1823 formed a partnership with George Wood, and started a printing office and was very successful. Feeling the necessity of a periodical devoted to the interests of the Asso. Ch., he started the Monitor in 1824, which still lives as the Evangelical Repository^ and published it for eighteen years, during part of which he was editor also. In 1830 he formed a new partnership with Packard & Hoff¬ man, and they started a new daily paper as the advocate of the new anti-Masonic movement, and hired Thurlow Weed, of Rochester, to edit it for one thousand dollars per year. 'Phis was the beginning of the present powerful Albany Evening Jour 7 taL Mr. Webster was a diligent reader of standard theological works, and particularly those of the Puritan period, and finally concluded to give up a very profitable business and go into the ministry. He studied under the direction of his pas¬ tor, Dr. Martin, and spent one year in the Seminary at Can- otisburg. Was licensed June 20, 1836, by Albany Pres, and otdained Nov. 2, ’37, by Philadelphia. Was installed at or¬ dination as pastor of the Walnut St. Ch., Philadelphia. In 1845, because of a difficulty between himself and his Synod, Ire declined its authority, and joined by Mr. McNaughton, of Mercersburg, formed an independent Pres, of their own, which they styled the Associate Presbytery of Philadelphia. A small minority of his congregation adhered to Synod, sued for and recovered the church property. Mr. Webster’s peo¬ ple built upon Bainbridge street, and subsequently because the Eighth United Presbyterian Church. On the 8th of Ap., 1856, he returned to his old Synod and resigned his charge. He was pastor in Queensbury, Warren Co., N. Y., July 1857- ’60; of the United Presbyterian congregations at Hinchen- brook and Gore, Canada Bast, i86i-’7o; retired from the active duties of the ministry, and resided at Webster’s Mills, Fulton Co., Pa., where he died April 18, 1880. Mr. Webster was constitutionally a polemic, and as a THE MINSITRY. 637 natural result was involved in a large amount of ecclesiastical troubles, some of which commenced even before he entered t the ministry, when he ventured a pamphlet anent the Stark difficulty. Notwithstanding this propensity, he was simple- hearted and companionable and an instructive preacher. He t concluded one of the last letters he ever wrote thus: “I ap now in my eighty-first year, and of little use to the world, but the 17th chapter of John, and many other similar por¬ tions of the Bible, give me much consolation and contentment of mind.” / WEBSTER, Thomas Johnson Clarkson: Grandson of the Reverends Chauncey Webster and Thomas B. Clarkson; was born Sept. 16, 1853, Philadelphia, and reared near Mercersburg, Pa.; was graduated at Mercersburg College, in 1874, and studied theology at Xenia and Prince¬ ton; was licensed Ap. 3, 1877, by Xenia Pres, and ordained Ap. 10, ’79, by San Francisco; pastor at Santa Ana, Eos An¬ geles Co., Cal., since June 6, 1879. WEED, Samuel Henry: Was born Nov. 5, 1843, Henry Co., Ind.; was gradu¬ ated at the Indiana State University in 1864, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed May 12, 1866, by Wabash Pres., and ordained Oct. 23, ’67, by Rock Island; pastor of Colona, Ill., June 15, 1869; added Pleasant Unity Jan. 29, ’74; resigned the former Ap. ii, ’76, and the latter Ap. 10, ’77; failure of health compelled him to relinquish the active duties of the ministry, and he has been more or less engaged in the printing business. < WEEDE, Nathaniel Cooper (A. R.)*: Was born June 23, 1808, in Cedar Spring congregation, Abbeville District, S. C., where his great-grandfather had settled in colonial days; in 1815 or ’16 the family formed one of the colony which went to Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1829, studied theology with Mungo Dick iat Sewickley, and Dr. Pressly in Allegheny; was licensed July 5, 1832, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Nov. 13, ’33, by Monongahela; was installed pastor at Bethel, Brush valley and Blairsville, Ind. Co., Pa., at ordination; resigned the THE MINISTRY. ^38 Jast in ’41 and the other two in the autumn of ’48; became fe. S. of La Prairie, Marshall Co., Ill., in the spring of ’49, ftnd in ’50 organized the congregation of Elmira, in Stark Co., and in ’51 became pastor of both congregations; re¬ signed the latter in ’57 and the former in ’61, and preached ' out little for a number of years, because of injuries re- ^:eived from a fall from a horse. Died Oct. 5, 1887, Charles, la. tVEIR, John*: Was born in July, 1836, in Selkirkshire, Scotland; was graduated at Westminster in 1866, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in the spring of 1868 by Monmouth J^res., and ordained May 5, ’69, by Stamford; pastor at Telfer, Ontario, Can., May, 1869-Ap. 29, ’73; died there May 28, ' 1873. Weir, Samuel (A. R.)*: Was born in 1778, in Coleraine, Ireland; was educated throughout in Glasgow University, and licensed and or¬ dained in Ireland; came to the U. S. in 1818 and was pastor over Mifflin, Allegheny Co., Pa., Oct, 1820-July 16, ’44; died Jan. 31, 1850. WEIR, William: Son of Samuel; was born Oct. 23, 1839, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1862, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 5, 1865, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 19, ’66, by the same; pastor at E. Union June, 1866-June 30, ’69; Canonsburg, June, 1870-June 17, ’73; Martin’s Ferry, Belmont Co., O., Nov. 9, 1874-June 16, ’85. Publication: A Fair Sample, a Romance of old Jefferson, 1879. WELLER, Sidney (A. R.)*: Was born in Orange Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1820; was Principal of Washington Academy, Salem, N. Y., 1820-’4, during which time he studied theology with Dr. Alex. Proudfit; was licensed May 4, 1825, Washington Pres., and ordained in ’27 by New York. Soon after his or¬ dination he went to the valley of Virginia, and finally settled at Brinkleyville, Halifax Co., N. C., as a planter, and joined THE MINISTRY. 639. ? the communion of the Episcopal Church, although he never sought ordination to its ministry. WELSH, James: Son of the Rev. Johnston; was born Sept. 21, 1835, at New Concord, O.; was graduated at Miami in 1857, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 6, 1859, by First Ohio Pres, and ordained Dec. 4, ’60, by the same; pastor at College Corner, O., Dec., 1860-Oct., ’62; joined the Presbyterian Ch. in 1865, at Bonaparte, la. WELSH, Johnston (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 15, 1809, near Cadiz, O. His father was an unbeliever, and his early training was under skeptical in¬ fluences. During his collegiate course he was teacher of a Grammar School in Washington, O., for eighteen months. This brought him into contact with Dr. Samuel Findley, under whose instructions he was converted, and by whom he was baptized in 1829. When his attention was first waked to religious things his views of doctrines were decidedly Arminian, as they always are where the natural heart is the teacher, but he patiently and thoroughly investigated, point by point, the whole system, and deliberately adopted Calvin¬ ism. He was graduated at Franklin in 1832, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 23, 1834, by Second Ohio Pres., and ordained Ap. 22, ’35, by the same; was in¬ stalled pastor at New Concord, O., at his ordination, but was compelled in ’36 to resign, because of severe hemorrhages from the lungs; was President of Franklin College from 1836 until his death, Ap. 17, 1837, from his old ailment. He was a portly man, considerably above the middle size, with a fair complexion, possessed a superior memory and strong reason¬ ing powers. His last words were those of the proto-martyr, “Lord Jesus, receive my Spirit.” WELSH, Robert C.*: Was born Aug. 15, 1838, at Locust Hill, in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1861; (served as a lieu¬ tenant in the 22d Pennsylvania Cavalry during the first part of the civil war; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed' Ap. 17, 1866, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained May 14, ’67, 640 THE MINISTRY. by the same; pastor at North Buffalo, Washington Co., Pa., from his ordination until his death, Dec. 22, 1868. WESTLAKE, Henry: Was born Feb. 20, 1841, at Millbrook, Mercer Co., Pa.; received an academic education, and studied theology under the direction of “the committee on the training of young men,” according to the Discipline of the Methodist Ch.; was licensed in 1876, and ordained in ’78, by the Allegheny Con¬ ference of the Wesleyan Methodists; took appointments for four years; joined the United Presbyterian Pres, of Butler, Ap., 1882, and has supplied within its bounds. WPIITE, Charles Edgar: Was born Oct. 9, 1855, in Washington, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1883, studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 20, 1886, by Alle¬ gheny Pres., and ordained Sept. 14, ’86, by Muskingum; pastor of Lebanon, Guernsey Co., since ordination. WHITE, Isaac Newton: Was born Aug. 17, 1835, near Hickory, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1855, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed July 24, 1859, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained May 7, ’61, by Argyle; pastor of Hebron, Washing¬ ton Co., N. Y., May, 1861-Nov. 10, ’63; New Lebanon and Glade Run, Columbiana Co., O., 1866-July 6, ’75; Fairview and Washington, Guernsey Co., O., since Oct. 26, 1875. WHITE, James (A.)*: Was born in 1794, in Muthill, Perthshire, Scotland; was reared under the ministry of Mr. Muckersie, the author of a well-known catechism; was graduated at Glasgow University, and studied in the Asso. Divinity Hall with Prof. Paxton; was licensed in the spring of 1819 by the Pres, of Sterling. His preaching was very popular, so that during the five years he remained in Scotland he received thirteen calls, one of which was from Dunfermline, where Ralph Erskine had preached. He went into the United Secession Ch. when constituted by the union of the Burghers and Anti-Burghers in 1820, but soon became dissatisfied and identified himself with the Paxton party. He landed in New York in Oct., THE MINISTRY. 641 1824; was ordained by the Cambridge Pres. July 6, ’25; was pastor of E. Salem, Washington Co., N. Y., from his ordina¬ tion until his death, which occurred Dec. 13, 1827. was short and thick-set, with light hair and light complexion. His sermons were written with care, and in a style of much grace and beauty. He had a marked predilection for the de¬ scriptive kind of preaching, and possessed remarkable graphic powers. After his death a volume of his sermons was pub¬ lished in this country and republished in Scotland. WHITE, James, D. D. : Was born Jan. 17, 1832, near New Concord, O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1856, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1861, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 15, ’62, by the same; pastor of Jonathan’s Creek, Perry Co., O., Ap., 1862-Dec. 9, ’79; Charles St., New York, Feb. 3, 1880-Sept. 13, ’87; Arkansas City, since Oct., 1887. Was Principal of Madison Academy at Mt. Perry, O., for ten years. Delegate to the Presbyterian Council of 1884. WHITE, John (A. R.)*: Was received Oct. 15, 1834, by Caledonia Pres, as a proba¬ tioner, and was ordained May 14, ’35, by the same; was pastor at Seneca, Ontario Co., N. Y., May, 1835-Jan. 26, ’37; supplied at Oxbow, Jefferson Co., N. Y.; received and ac¬ cepted a call from this congregation June 10, 1838; his instal¬ lation was unavoidably delayed, and on the 21st of Oct., ’39, he returned the call and received a certificate to connect with a church in Canada. WHITE, John Calvin: Was born Sept. 10, 1841, in Mercer Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1870, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 30, 1872, by Mercer Pres., and ordained Ap. ^ 4 ) ’ 75 ) by Wabash; pastor of Mt. Pleasant, Clinton Co., Ind., Ap., 1875-Ap. II, ’80; Eugene, Ringgold Co.. la., June 23, 1882-Aug. 28, ’84; Hanover, Ill., Oct. 16, 1885. WHITE, Joseph (A. R. )*: Was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Wash¬ ington in 1845, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 12, 1848, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained 642 THE MINISTRY. June 12, ’56, by la.; pastor at Knoxville, la., June 1856-58; supplied elsewhere for a short time; became an invalid, and died July 12, 1872, at Knoxville. WHITE, Samuel Steward*: Was born Mar. 6, 1846, in Muskingum Co., O.; was grad¬ uated at Muskingum in 1868, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 19, 1870, by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Nov. 2, ’71, by Philadelphia; was pastor of the Tenth Ch., Philadelphia, from his ordination until his death, Aug, 16, 1876. WHITE, Thomas (A. R.)*: Was born in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1806, and studied theology in New York under Dr. Mason; was licensed June 20, 1809, by Washington Pres., and or¬ dained Jan. 24, ’10, by the same; pastor at Whitehall, N. Y., Jan., i8io-Feb. ii, ’12; immediately afterward he took charge of the Lisbon congregation in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. In the spring of 1813 the British made a descent upon Ogdensburg, and the militia of Lisbon was called out. Mr. White volunteered both as chaplain and common soldier. On the first Sabbath of Mar., 1813, he returned to Lisbon and preached from 2 John, 8th verse, “Look to yourselves,” etc., a sermon of such power that it was lovingly talked of forty years afterward. This proved to be a farewell sermon, for during the week Ogdensburg was taken, and the inhabitants of Lisbon fled in dismay to their former homes in Washing¬ ton Co. and elsewhere, and did not return until after peace was proclaimed. On the 29th of June the Pres, dissolved the pastoral relation between Mr. White and the congrega¬ tion, “because of its dispersion by the war.” He soon after¬ ward took charge of Seneca congregation, in Ontario Co., N. Y., which he retained until 1822, and died there in 1824. WHITE, William (A. R.): Was received May 30, 1853, ^7 Washington Pres, as a licentiate from the Northern Pres, of the Ref. Pres. Ch.; was ordained July 6, ’54, by Saratoga Pres.; pastor at Burlington Green, N. Y., from July, 1854, till Aug., 1857, when he was dismissed to the Presbyterian Ch. in Canada. THE MINISTRY. 643 WHITE, Wilbert Webster: Was born, Jan. 16, 1863, in Ashland Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Wooster in 1881, and studied theology at Xenia, and a post-graduate course at New Haven; was licensed Ap. 16, 1884, by Mansfield Pres., and ordained May 5, ’85, by Chi¬ cago; pastor of Wilton, Wills Co., Ill., May 5, 1885-Sept. 20, ’86; President of Tarkio College, Mo., since 1887. WHITEHILL, Nelson Alexander: Was born near Cambridge, O., Dec. 20, 1844; was gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1875, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1876, by Des Moines Pres., and ordained June 21, ’77, by Detroit; pastor at Brockway, &c., Mich., June 1877-’Ap. 13, ’78; Caledonia and Campbell, Kent Co., Mich., Oct., 18, 1878-Dec., ’80; Cuba, Crawford Co., Mo., ^ since June, 1881, and Pleasant Ridge, since Nov. ’86. WHITHAM, John Dement: Was born Mar. 22, 1815, in Ohio Co., W. Va.; was grad¬ uated at Washington in 1835, and studied theology at Prince¬ ton; was licensed May 25, 1840, by the Pres, of Philadelphia, (O. S. Presbyterian,) and ordained Oct. 12, ’41, by the Pres, of Washington, Pa.; pastor of Unity, Pa., and Wolf Run, Va., Oct. 1841-Ap. 18, ’43; S. S. and pastor of Keene, Co¬ shocton Co., O., July, 1843-June, ’45; Canal Fulton, O., Oct. 1845-Ap., ’49. Because of the refusal of the General Assem¬ bly to make slavery a term of communion, he left the Pres¬ byterian Ch., and in June, 1849, joi^ied the Free Presbyterian Ch., and in it was S. S. of Mt. Jackson, Pa., and Lowell, O., June, 1849-Ap., ’57; Paint Valley O., May, 1857-May ’64; joined the Mansfield Pres, of the United Presbyterian Ch., June 21, 1864, and after supplying several churches was pas¬ tor of Sugar Branch, Ford Co., Ill., Oct. 2, 1867-Ap. 15, ’74; pastor at Fairfax and Florence, Linn Co., la.. Sept. 2, 1874- Sept. 26, ’83. WHITTEN, James Blair (A.): Was born June 18, 1831, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was graduated at Washington in 1849, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Nov. 3, 1852, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Oct. 26, ’54, by Chartiers; pastor of Peter’s Creek, Washing- 644 THE MINISTRY. ton Co., Pa., Oct. 1854-June 17, ’56; West 44tli St, New York, Ap. 14, 1857-Sept. 27, ’59; Plain Grove, Lawrence Co., Pa., for half time, June 18, 1861-Nov. 26, ’72; the other half time as S. S. of Harlansburg until ’64, and then Ne- shannock from 1869 ’745 also of Oak Grove, Pa., Aug. 1872-Oct ’74; pastor of Seventh Ch., Philadelphia, Jan. 25, 1875-Sept. 13, 1882-Wurtemburg and Wampum, Pa., Jan. 9, 1883; resigned Wampum Ap. 14, ’85, and Wurtemburg Dec. 14, ’85. WHITLA, Jesse L. : Was born Nov. 23, 1831, at Glade Run, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1856, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1859, by Mercer Pres.; travelled 20,000 miles under the direction of the Home Board, and was ordained Aug. 13, ’62, by Detroit; pastor of Nankin, Mich., Aug. 1862-Feb. 2, 65; was thrown aside for three years by ill health; was S. S. of Eden Prairie and Glendale, Minn., i868-’7i; Caledonia, Minn., 1871-2, and pastor of Zion and Levin, Douglas Co., Minn., Nov. 17, 1875-Mar. 31, ’86; Edgerton, Kan., Oct. 4, 1886- W.HY1B, Archibald (A.)*: Was born Dec. 25, 1755, in Peebleshire, Scotland; was graduated at Edinburgh University in 1781, and studied the¬ ology with the younger Moncriefif at Alloa; was licensed in Aug., 1786, by the Pres, of Edinburgh. In 1787 the General Asso. Synod appointed him and David Goodwillie to go to America. He landed at New York May 5, 1788, and joined the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, by which he was ordained May 26, ’89, at Guinston, York Co., Pa. In 1790 he received a call from a congregation in South Carolina, which he de¬ clined because of slavery. This was the only call he ever received. In 1790 he married Margaret Kerr, of Marsh Creek, Adams Co., Pa., and in ’92 purchased 320 acres of land in Argyle, N. Y., on which he built a house, which was ever afterward his home, and in which he died in the ninety-fourth year of his age. For about ten years he itinerated constantly over the whole territory of the church, from Vermont to South Carolina, and from the Connecticut to the Ohio river. All this was done on horseback, with bad roads and few THE MINISTRY. 645 bridges, and in most of it liis wife was his traveling com¬ panion. She was the better horseman, and it is said that she would ride on before him through the deep waters to be forded, and the difficult and dangerous places to be passed, and then give him directions how to follow. As he advanced in life he restricted the bounds of his itinerancy, and ulti¬ mately confined it to Cambridge Pres. He preached for the last time on the 5th of Oct., 1845, both forenoon and after¬ noon, in North Argyle. He died Jan. 6, 1849. He was exceedingly methodical in all things, and kept an accurate diary of all his doings and wanderings, from which it appears that he preached in fifty-four different places in Scotland and in seventy-four in America. Of him as a preacher Dr. P. Bullions says that “his sermons were excel¬ lent, fully written out, and in respect to spirit, sentiment and style were all that could be desired; but his delivery was labored, embarrassed, and often exceedingly painful to his hearers.” He was a man of deep devotion and ;active piety, and regarded as a valuable member of Church Courts, because of his good sense, enlightened views and sound judgment. WHYTE, Archibald, Jr. (A.)*: Son of the Rev. Archibald; was born !Aug. 3, 1800, in Argyle, N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1822, and studied theology with Dr. Banks in Philadelphia; was licensed June 19, 1826, by Cambridge Pres., and ordained Dec. 5, ’27, by Philadelphia; was pastor in Baltimore, Md., Dec., 1827-’33; became pastor of Steele Creek and Bethany, S. C., in 1833. In 1839 he, in connection with the Pres, of the Carolinas, declined the authority of Synod because of its action anent slavery, but his habits in regard to sobriety were gradually growing worse, so that about 1841 or ’42 his Pres, felt con¬ strained to depose him from the ministry for drunkenness. He never wholly reformed, and turned planter and politician, and died in Sept., 1865. He never lost faith in nor affection for the church of his fathers, and whether at home or abroad, sober or otherwise, he insisted upon the observance of family worship. In all the relations of life he lived orderly and wielded considerable influence, and was regarded as one of most polished political orators in the State. 646 THE MINISTRY. WILEY, George Martin: Was born Dec. 13, 1830, in Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1859, and .studied theology at Princeton; was licensed May 6, 1862, by Argyle Pres., and ordained Oct. 10, ’63, by Vermont; pastor at Ryegate, Vt., Oct., i 863-’67; at W. Hebron, N. Y., since Ap. 7, 1868. WILEY, James Albert: Was born June 21, 1855, at®Fair Haven, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1882, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. i, 1885, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Aug. 27, ’85, by College Springs; pastor of Adams, Adams Co., la., since ordination. WILKIN, Henry S. (A. R.)*: Was born about 1796 near Goshen, Orange Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Union in 1816, and studied theology in New York with Dr. Mason; was licensed in 1820 by New York Pres., and ordained Jan. 2, ’23, by Saratoga; pastor at York, Livingston Co., N. Y., Jan., 1823-’34; Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., June 24, 1835-’44; retired from the active duties of the ministry, and died in Brooklyn, N. Y., 186-. WILKIN, Ralph Ersicine: Was born Aug. 19, 1841, in Londonderry, Guernsey Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 5, 1871, by Keokuk Pres., and ordained Sept. 10, ’72, by the same; pastor of Sandusky and Summitville, Lee Co., la.. Sept., 1872-Dec. 29, ’74; of Smith Creek, Warren Co., Ill., May 21, 1875-Ap. 6, ’82; Prosperity, Randolph Co., Ill., May 2, 1883- WILLIAMS, Melanchthon Brown: Son of the Rev. Gershon Williams of the Presbyterian Ch.; was born July 16, 1797, in Cambridge, N. Y.; was graduated at Princeton in 1814, and studied theology with Drs. Alex. McLeod and Samuel B. Wylie; was licensed in May, 1818, by the Nordiern Pres, of the Reformed Presbyterian Ch., and ordained in Ap., ’20, by the same; was pastor in Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y., nearly forty years, anc joined the United Presbyterian Ch. in 1862, and soon afterward retired to Cam¬ bridge, N. Y. THE MINISTRY. 647 WILLIAMSON, James*: Was born in Scotland; was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, and studied theology in the United Secession Hall; supplied for a time in the Asso. Ch. of Johnstown, N. Y.; joined the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Washington in the spring of 1840, and was S. S. at Oxbow, Jefferson Co., N. Y., 1840- ’50; in 1852 joined the Bullions Synod of the Asso. Ch.; was pastor at Wilkinsonville, Worcester Co., Mass., Feb. 28, 1856 -April 20, ’64; died Mar. 3, 1866. WILLIAMSON, James Andrew: Son of Rev. Janies; was born Mar. 4, 1838, in Johnstown, N. Y.; was graduated at Brown University, R. I., and studied theology privately and at Allegheny; was licensed Sept. 16, 1863, by Boston Pres., and ordained Sept. 27, ’64, by Albany; pastor at Johnstown, N. Y., since his ordination. WILLIAMSON, John: Was born March 9, 1837, in W. Kortright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 16, 1866, by Mercer Pres., and ordained June 18, ’67, by Sidney; pastor at Belle- fontaine, O., July, 1867-Sept. 6, ’87: Omaha Central since Sept. 1887. WILLIAMSON, Leamon Wilson: Was born June 30, 1856, at Xenia, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1880, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. ii, ’83, by Xenia Pres., and ordained Mar. 29, ’84, by College Springs; pastor at Hiawatha, Kan., July 21, 1885-Sept. 6, ’87. WILLIAMSON, Robert Duncan: Was born Feb. 23, 1833, Pleasant, Jefferson Co., O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1853, studied theology at Canousburg and Xenia; was licensed June 27, 1857, by the Pres, of New York, and ordained May 5, ’59, by Albany; pastor at Lansingville, Delaware Co., N. Y., May, 1859-Sept. 24, ’61; Florida, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1862, Ap. 5, ’70; Paterson, N. J., May 10, 1870-Dec. i, ’71; Troy, N. Y., since Feb. 6, 1872. 648 THE MINISTRY. WILLIAMSON, WIELIAM Collins: Was born Feb. 2, 1842, near Xenia, O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1865, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 13, 1867, by Xenia Pres., and ordained June 15, ’69, by West Missouri; S. S. two years at Kansas City, Mo.; pastor at Washington, la., Ap. 19, 1871-July 21, ’85; Keokuk, la., Sept; 16, ’85, WILSON, Alexander (A.)*: Was born in Ap., 1792, near Market Hill, county Antrim, Ireland; was graduated at the University of Glasgow, and studied theology in the Asso. Anti-Burgher Hall of Scotland; was licensed in Ireland and soon after sailed for America, and landed at Philadelphia in May, 1816; joining the Asso. Ch. was ordained Oct. 8, ’17, by Chartiers Pres.; was installed pastor of Peter’s Creek and Horseshoe Bottom, Washington Co., Pa., at ordination; resigned the latter in June, ’34, and the former in ’38; joined the Asso. Ref. Ch. Ap. 16, 1839, and was pastor in Cadiz, O., Jan. 26, 1840-51; retired from active duties, and died Jan. 20, 1867, in Philadelphia. WILSON, Andrew (A. R.)*: For a time pastor of the Asso. congregation of Crieve, in Ireland; was received Sept. 7, 1801, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of New York; installed pastor of Albany and Lansingburg, N. Y., Ap. 20, 1802; resigned the latter Ap. 19, ’04, and the former Sept. 8, ’07; went home to Ireland, but after spending a year there returned and joined the Saratoga Pres., Feb. 15, 1809; became pastor of Seneca, Ontario Co., N. Y., in Feb., 1810, and died there on the 26th of June, 1812. WILSON, David C. : Was born Sept. 8, 1832, in Brush Valley, Indiana Co., Pa., was graduated at Washington in i860, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Oct. 14, ’62, by Conemaugh Pres., and ordained June 27, ’63, by the same; was S. S. at Amity, la., two years; one at St. Croix Falls, Wis.; pastor at Clarinda, la., Dec. 3, 1866-Mar. 29, ’87. WILSON, George (A. R.): Was born in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was educated at Franklin and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed THE MINISTRY. 649 Ap. 13, 1841, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 17, ’41, by Mansfield; pastor of Worthington, Richland Co., and Pine Run, Ricking Co., O., Spring 1842-May, ’44; joined the Baptist Ch., preached for a season within the bounds of his old charge, then taught an academy at Morristown. O., and finally moved to Illinois and settled down as a farmer in the vicinity of Bloomington. WILSON, Gilbert Gordon: Was born May 6, 1858, at Auburn, Mo.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 7, 1886, by Southern Illinois, and ordained July 6, ’87 by the same; pastor of Cutler, Hopewell and Four Mile, Ill., since ordination. WILSON, Howard Sloan: Was born Feb. 15, 1858, in Philadelphia, Pa.; was gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1880, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed June 6, 1882, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 10, ’84, by Westmoreland; pastor at Mt. Pleas¬ ant, Pa., since ordination. WILSON, Isaac Ambrose: Was born Feb. 24, 1832, in Concord, Franklin Co., Pa.; was graduated at Franklin in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1862, by Wheeling Pres., and ordained July 5, ’66, by Mansfield; pastor at North Bend, Neb., May, 1867-Mar., ’76; S. S. at Pana and then at Spring Creek, Ill., i878-’85; Majors, Neb., June 18, 1885- WILSON, James Cunningham: Son of Dr. Samuel; was born May 31, 1840, in Xenia, O.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1864, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 30, 1867, by Xenia Pres., and or¬ dained Ap. 13, ’69, by Allegheny; pastor at Beaver, Pa., Ap., 1869-Mar., 72; Third Ch., Philadelphia, Ap. 15, 1872-Sept. 13, ’75; at Erie, Pa., since May ii, 1876. WILSON, James K. (A. R.)*: Of the United Associate Synod of Ireland, and more re¬ cently a missionary in British America; was received Aug., 1828, by the Pres, of Big Spring. After supplying in the vacancies for a year or two, he returned to British America. 41 650 THE MINISTRY. WILSON, James Thomas: Was born Nov. 14, 1830, near Elizabeth, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was educated at Washington and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Aug. 23, 1859, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Jan. 2, ’61, by Conemaugh; pastor of Taylors¬ ville and connections Jan., 1861-Dec. 31, ’61; First Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., July 17, 1862-Mar. ii, ’67; Parker City, Armstrong Co., Pa., Sept. 23, ’74-Mar. 31, ’78; East ii6th St., New York, June 6, 1879-Aug. 17, ’81; was S. S. in Topeka, Kans., i870-’2; pastor at Sidney, O., Ap. ii, 1882- Dec. 5, ’82; S. S. Greenwich, N. Y., 1886- Publications: Min¬ isterial and Christian Duty, a Sermon, 1862; The Hand of God in our Civil War, an Address, pp. 18, 1863; The Bible in Public Schools, a Lecture, pp. 18, 1872. WILSON, James Thomas: Was born Oct. 10, 1835, in county Antrim, Ireland; studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed in 1872 by Bloomington Pres., and ordained June 18, ’73, by Cedar Rapids; pastor of Pratt Creek, la., June, 1873-Sept. 2, ’74; Second Cedar Rapids, la., Oct. 6, 1875-Oct. 10, ’77; Oshkosh, Wis., June, 1880-July II, ’82; Walton, Kans., Dec. 12, 1882-Ap. i, ’86. WILSON, John A., D. D.: Was born Oct. 4, 1839, in Venango Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1864; studied law in Philadelphia and practiced in New Castle, Pa.; studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. ii, 1871, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained Sept. II, ’72, by Beaver Valley; pastor at Beaver, Pa., Sept, 1872-July I, ’76; St. Louis, Mo., July 28, 1876-86; Wooster, 0 .,Jan. 19, 1887. Delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Councils in 1877 and ’84. Publications: Three Lectures on the Dog¬ mas of Rome. WILSON, John Beattie (A.): Was born Mar. 22, 1826, in London, Ontario, Can.; was graduated at Franklin in 1850, and studied theology at Can- onsburg; was licensed in June, 1854, by Stamford Pres., and ordained Oct, 1855, by the same; pastor at Telfer, Canada, Oct, 1855-’67; was general missionary within the bounds of the Pres, of Detroit 1867-’71; pastor at Bruce, Mich., THE MINISTRY. 65 1 1871-Ap. 9, ’79; at Fair Grove and Otter Lake, Mich., since June 15, 1880, resigning Fair Grove June 30, ’86. WILSON, JosiAH (A. R.)*: Was born in Armagh, Ireland; was educated in one of the Scottish universities, where he also took a course in medicine, and then studied theology with John Brown, of Haddington; was licensed and ordained by the Burgher Ch. in Ireland; came to America in 1807, and was pastor of Lower Chance- ford and Hopewell, in York Co., Pa., from Jan. i, 1808, till his death, in Sept, ’12. He added the practice of medicine to a certain degree to his clerical duties, and was held in high estimation for his learning and consistent piety. WILSON, Matthew Henderson (A. R.)*: Grandson of the Rev. Matthew Henderson, Jr.; was born Sept. 16, 1820, near Elizabeth, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1842, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1845, Blairs- ville Pres., and ordained June 20, ’48, by the same; pastor of Jacksonville, Olivet and Smyrna, Armstrong and Indiana counties. Pa., June, 1848-Ap., ’57; was, in Ap., 1857, elected President of Madison College, at Antrim, O., and entered immediately upon its duties, but things did not promise as he had expected, and in the autumn of the same year was recalled and reinstalled in his old charge. After the union of 1858, in the adjustment of charges, he resigned Olivet in ’59 and took Crete. Died Nov. 30, 1862, from consumption. WILSON, Samuel, D. D. (A.)*: Son of the Rev. William; was born May 5, 1806, in Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1824, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Aug. 16, 1829, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Ap. 27, ’31, by Miami; pastor at Xenia, O., Ap., 1831-Mar. 18, ’56; Prof, of Hebrew and of Didactic, Polemic and Pastoral Theology in the Sem. at Xenia 1855-’77. Died Sept. 5, 1887. WILSON, Thomas (A.): Was born in June, 1799, most probably in Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1826, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Aug. 7, 1832, by Chartiers Pres., 652 THE MINISTRY. and ordained Sept. 16, 1835, ^7 Muskingum; was at ordina¬ tion installed over Sandy, Carmel and North Union, in Carroll Co., O.; soon resigned Sandy, and also Carmel about 1842, and finally N. Union in ’50; remained without charge, and in Dec., 1876, transferred his ecclesiastical connection to the residuar}^ Asso. Synod, and has long had his home at An¬ napolis, O. WILSON, Thomas Jefferson: Brother of William L.; was bom Jan. 20, 1838, near Canonsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 15, 1862, by Chartiers, and ordained May 5, ’64, by Michigan; pastor at Martin, Mich., May, 1864-Aug., ’68; sent as missionary to Salem, Oregon. After serving two years he went on account of his health to Willow Creek, Wasco Co., bought a ranche, and went to cattle raising. Here he remained until Dec., 1875, except thirteen months at Waitsburg, Washington Territory, by appointment of the Home Board. During his residence on Willow Creek he held religious services regularly on the Sabbath in private houses, school-houses, etc., and for two years preached once or twice per month to the Indians of the Warm Spring reservation with good success. In 1876 he returned to Willamette Valley, and has been pastor of Halsey and Brownsville, Linn Co., Ore., since 1877. WILSON^ William (A.)*: Was born about 1770 in Ireland; received his literary train¬ ing in Glasgow, Scotland; came to America in 1791 or ’92, and was the first theological student that studied with Dr. John Anderson at Service; was licensed in Ap., 1796, by the Asso. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained in 1800 by the same; was installed at ordination over the congregations of Monteurs, Flaugherty’s Run and Noblestowm. In a few years he was released from Flaugherty’s, and in ’30 from Noblestown; Monteurs was now divided into Clinton and Robinson, and these he served until death, in May, 1842. WILSON, William Archibald*: Was born Aug. 15, 1852, in Tipton Co., Tenn.; was gradu¬ ated at Brskine, S. C., in 1872, and studied theology in the THE MINISTRY. 653 Asso. Ref. Sem. at Due West; was licensed July 20, 1874, by Arkansas Pres., (A. R.,) and ordained Aug. 9, ’75, by the same; labored as Home Missionary in Arkansas, Virginia and Missouri for four years under the direction of the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South; joined the Wheeling Pres, of the United Presbyterian Church, Ap. 13, 1880, and was pastor at Buch¬ anan Hill, Marshall Co., West Va., from Dec. i, 1880, until his death, Nov. i, 1881. WILSON, William Hamilton (A.): Was born near Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1847, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed Oct. 29, 1850, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in Aug., ’52, by Miami; pastor at Washington, la.. Sept., 1853-Sept., ’69; Salinas City, Cal., 1869-73; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is now at The Dalles, Oregon. WILSON, William Lindsey*: Was born Mar. 16, 1834, near Canonsburg; was graduated at Union in 1855, and studied theology at Canonsburg and Xenia; was licensed July 15, 1858, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained Sept. 25, ’59, by Frankfort; pastor of Ohio and Rac¬ coon, Beaver Co., Pa., Sept., 1859-Ap. 16, ’62; died in Dec., 1862 from consumption. WINEGART, Nathan: Was born June 10, 1850, at Fussgoenheim, Rhine Bavaria, Germany; was graduated at Westminster in 1874, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 10, 1877, ^7 Alle¬ gheny Pres., and ordained May 7, ’78, by the Lake, as pastor of Franklin, Utica and Sandy, Venango Co., Pa.; resigned Franklin, Dec. 9, ’84, and the others, Ap. 14, ’85; pastor of Neshannock and Oak Grove, Pa., Jan. 4, 1886- WINTER, Thomas Wead (A.): Was born July 27, 1828, three miles north of Xenia, O.; was graduated at Franklin in 1853; studied theology a season at Canonsburg, but mainly with Dr. W. Wishart; was licensed June 18, 1856, by Muskingum Pres., and ordained Sept. 10, ’57, by Northern Illinois; labored at Neshannock, Wis., May, 1857-59; installed Oct. 17, 1861, over Mahoning and the Harbor in Mercer Pres.; released from the Harbor Dec. 25, 654 THE MINISTRY. ’65, and installed for its time in Oct., ’66, over Poland, O.; was released Feb. 23, ’72, from Mahoning, and Aug. 18, ’72, from Poland; pastor at Adamsville, Crawford Co., Pa., Oct. 4, 1872-June 17, ’80; East Palestine, O., 1882-May 4, ’87. WISH ART, WiEUAM, D. D. (A.): Was born Feb. 10, 1821, in Belmont Co., O.; was gradu¬ ated at Madison in 1843, studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed in June, 1846, by Muskingum Pres., and or¬ dained Sept. 2, ’47, by the same; pastor at Unity, Harrison Co., O., Sept., 1847-Ap., ’68; Ontario, Richland Co., O., May, 1869-June, ’77; at Haysville, Ashland Co., Mar. 17, i88i-Ap. 21, ’85; was Prof, of Languages in Franklin College 1856-’ 66. WITHERSPOON, James Wright, D. D. : Was born May 4, 1834, in Robinson Twp., Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1859, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia; was licensed Ap. 16, 1862, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained Sept. 15, ’63, by the same; pastor of Ohio and Raccoon, Beaver Co., Sept, 1863-Dec. 9, ’66; Fifth Ch., Allegheny, since Aug. 6, 1867. Has been Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Freedmen’s Missions since June, 1870. WITHERSPOON, John McGinness: Nephew of James W.; was born Aug. 26, 1850, at Baving- ton, Washington Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1873, studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed May 2, 1876, by Frankfort Pres., and ordained June 12, ’77, by Allegheny; pastor of E. Union, Allegheny Co., June 12, 1877-Dec. 5, ’82. WOLFE, Joseph D. (A.): Was born near Washington Pa.; was graduated at Wash¬ ington in 1842, and studied theology at Canonsburg; was licensed June 9, 1846, by Chartiers Pres., and ordained in the spring of ’48 by Shenango; pastor of Slippery Rock, Butler Co., Pa., 1848-May 1/ ’55; left the church about 1859; studied law, and the last known of him was practicing law in Pensa¬ cola, Florida. THE MINISTRY. 655 WOODBURN, James Skiles: Was born Oct. 29, 1837, hear Newville, Pa.; was graduated at Jefferson in 1858, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 8, 1861, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained May 10, ’64, by Big Spring; pastor at Gettysburg, Pa., May, 1864-Mar. 7, ’65; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and was pas¬ tor at Dickinson, Pa., at lyivermore. Pa., and is now at Academia, Pa. WORK, Jeremiah Boston: Was born Jan. 22, 1855, Mahoning, Indiana Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1882, and studied theology at Princeton and Allegheny; was licensed Mar. 31, 1885, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Nov. 16, ’86, by Big Spring; pastor of Tuscarora and Concord, Pa., since ordina¬ tion. WORTH, James (A. R.)*: Was born June 13, 1800, in Salem Co., N. J., and brought up mainly in Hopewell, Preble Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1826 in the first class graduated by that institution, and studied theology in Allegheny, in the second class en¬ tered in that Seminary; was licensed Ap. 29, 1829, F'irst Ohio Pres., and ordained June 3, ’30, by the same; was at ordination installed over New Zion, Decatur Co., Ind., and Milroy; in a few years was released from the latter, and from the former in Mar., ’52; moved to Oregon and settled in Lane Co., where he preached regularly for five years to the sur¬ rounding settlers; supplied Eugene City, the county seat, 1858-’61; pastor of Union, Brownville, Linn Co., Ore., Mar. I, 1862-Ap., ’74; retired from the active duties of the min¬ istry because of age and deafness, and died at Halsey, Ore., July 18, 1881, of pysemia, resulting from a wound in the foot made by a nail. WRIGHT, Alexander H. (A. R.)*: Was born in Ireland and reared in Allegheny Co., Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1841, by Monon¬ gahela Pres., and ordained Mar. 29, ’42, by the same; was pastor at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa., Mar., 1842-Dec. 30, 656 THE MINISTRY. ’46; of the Jane St. Ch., New York, May 24,1847-Mar. i, ’53. In 1853 he organized a new church of two hundred members and built on 25th St.; received and accepted a call from it, but pending their building operations declined installation. Some trouble arose, and in the summer of 1856 he returned the call to Pres, and took a certificate of dismission; joined the Presbyterian Ch.; became a teacher in Texas, and there died in 1861. WRIGHT, Isaac Thomas: Was born Jan. 22, 1846, near Wattsville, Carroll Co., O.; was graduated at Westminster in 1869, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 12, 1871, by Steubenville Pres., and ordained June ii, ’72, by Allegheny; pastor of Glade Run, Allegheny Co., from ordination until July 3, ’81; 5th Ch., Philadelphia, since June 12, 1882. WRIGHT, James Park (A. R.): Born in Adams Co., O., May 18, 1819; was graduated at Miami in 1843, studied theology^ at Oxford; was licensed Ap. 21, 1846, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained May 4, ’50, by Michigan; pastor of Rossville and Providence, Clinton Co., Ind., May, 1850-May, ’55; Cedarville, O., Ap. 1856-Ap. 24, ’60; accepted a call to Unity, at Jordan’s Grove, Ill., in May, 1861, and returned it in Oct.; pastor of Bethsaida, at Tipton, Ind., 1862-’6; Salem congregation at Elizaville, Ind., 1868- Dec., ’70; Mulberry, Mo., 1871-Sept., 74; S. S. at Nashville, Tenn., 1874-’5; teacher at Knoxville, Tenn., 1875-’7; S. S. at Topeka, Kan., 1878; joined the Presbyterian Ch., and is at Prairie Home, Ill. WRIGHT, Joseph Harrison: Was born July 19, 1849, Mullagreenan, county Mona¬ ghan, Ireland; was graduated at Union in 1871, and studied theology two years at Union Seminary, New York, and one at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 29, 1874, by Delaware Pres., and ordained May 25, ’75, by the same; pastor at Davenport, Delaware Co., N. Y., May., 1875-Jan. 21, 79; Fifth Ch., Philadelphia, May 5, 1879-Dec. ’80; First Ch., Xenia, O.; since Jan. 28, 1881. THE MINISTRY. 657 WRIGHT, Wait*; Was born Mar. 14, 1830, in Cornwall, Addison Co., Vt.; was mostly self-educated, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Ap. 12, 1876, by Sidney Pres., and ordained June 13, ’77, by the same; pastor of Canonsburg, Hancock Co., O., for half time from ordination, Macedon assumed for quarter time Feb. 2, ’78, and Gilead July 2, ’79; was Prof, of Mathe¬ matics in Geneva College, O., for three years previous to licensure. Died from heart disease Nov. 7, 1881. WRIGHT, Welungton: Was born Jan. 23, 1829, near Decatur, Brown Co., O.; was graduated at Miami in 1857, and studied theology at Oxford and Monmouth; was licensed in Ap., 1858, by First Ohio Pres., and ordained Oct. 19, ’59, by Michigan; pastor at Lafayette, Ind., Oct., 1859-Mar., ’63; Brighton, la., 1865- June, ’69; S. S. at Lee’s Summit and Grand River, Mo., i87i-’ 4; pastor at Greenwood, Mo., Oct. 7, 1876-Ap. i, ’83; Winchester, Kans., since Oct. 3, 1883; assumed Valley Falls, for one-third time Ap., ’86. Publication: Close Communion, pp. 32,1879. WRIGHT, William (A. R.):* Was born in Western Ohio; was graduated at Miami in 1851, and studied theology at Oxford; was licensed in 1853 by Springfield Pres., and ordained Ap. 18, ’54, by Sidney; pastor of Quincy, Springhill and Bethel, Logan Co., Ap., 1854-’8; of Hopewell, Perry Co., Ill., 1859-Oct. ’63; pastor of Gilead at Grand Rapids, Wood Co., O., 1868, till his death. Mar. 24, 1873. WYATT, Richard Calvin: Was born in Lincoln, Tenn.; was graduated at Miami in 1869, and studied theology at Monmouth; was licensed Ap. 19, 1871, by Monmouth Pres., and ordained Sept. 20, ’72, by Des Moines; S. S. at Hoopestown, Ill., 1873-’6; pastor at Clifton, O., Ap., 1878-Ap. 14, ’85; Newton, Kan., 1886- WYLIE, Robert Templeton: Was born Nov. 22, 1844, at Lagrange, Ind.; was edu¬ cated at Monmouth and Glasgow University, Scotland and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed in Ap., 1871, by 658 THE MINISTRY. Michigan Pres., and ordained May 28, ’72, by Second New York; pastor of First Brooklyn, N. Y., May, 1872-Nov. 9, ’75; Oxford, Pa., May 31, 1877-Oct. 14, ’80; S. S. in Michi¬ gan; Newark N. J., May 25, 1885. Passed May 5, 1887, to the Associate Church. WYIvIE, Thomas*: Was born Dec. 25, 1847, Martin, Mich.; was graduated at the University of Michigan in 1870, and studied theology at Newburgh; was licensed Ap. 3, 1873, by First New York Pres., and ordained Jan. 26, ’75, by Argyle; was pastor at Hebron, Washington co., N. Y., Jan., 1875-Sept. 18, ’76; died at his father’s home in Mich., Ap. 3, 1877, from con¬ sumption. He gave great promise of usefulness. WYNKOOP, Richard (A. R.)*: Was born Dec. 16, 1798, in New York city; was graduated at Columbia College in 1819, and studied theology partly at New Brunswick, but principally in New York under a private instructor; was licensed Ap. 5, 1826, by the Second Pres., of New York, (Presbyterian,) and was ordained in-’28; pas¬ tor at Yorktown, Westchester Co., N. Y., 1828-Feb., ’34; was installed June 25, 1834, in the Presbyterian congregation of Hagerstown, Md. Some matters of discipline brought the Session in collison with the Presbytery, in consequence 01 which the pastor and the mass of the people united with the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of New York on the 6th of Mar., 1838. This congregation originally belonged to the Asso. Ref. Ch., and left after the death of its pastor, John Find, in 1824, and all the elders of 1838 had been ordained in the A. R. Church. Mr. Wynkoop possessed many strong elements of individu¬ ality. As a logician he had very few superiors, and of sar¬ casm he was a thorough master, and for debate he had a posi¬ tive passion. He was suspended and dismissed from the Seminary in New Brunswick because of his argumentative annoyances to the Professors, and when his church was threatened with a suit in chancery he prepared himself to make the defence in court. He was a man of stern principle, and an ardent and devoted champion of what he believed to be the truth. He had a very special dislike for secret socie- THE MINISTRY. 659 ties, and repeatedly bearded Masonry in one of its strongholds. In repartee and retort he was exceedingly ready. The writer was present in Presbytery once when Dr. Duffield made one of his most eloquent and persuasive speeches in opposition to Mr. Wynkoop, tinged with considerable bitterness. He con¬ cluded by turning to him and saying, “I admire his head, and am sorry that I cannot say so much of his heart.” Mr. Wynkoop immediately started to his feet, and in a very pleas¬ ant tone of voice said, ‘ ‘ Mr. Moderator, my head thanks the brother, and my heart forgives him,” and the effect of Dr. Duffield’s able speech was entirely destroyed. He was a man of great integrity of character, simplicity of manners and purity of life. His last illnesss, sporadic cholera, was so sud¬ den and severe that he sank rapidly, and a council of physi¬ cians prescribed brandy as a stimulant, but he positively re¬ fused to taste it, saying that he was perfectly willing to die, but that he was not willing to go into the presence of his God under the influence of strong drink. He died Ap. 5, 1842. YOUNG, Alexander D. D., UL. D., (A. R.): Was born June 4, 1815, in Glasgow, Scotland, and brought in 1819 to Pittsburgh; was graduated at the Western Univer¬ sity in 1838, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 13, 1841, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained June 23, ’42, by Steubenville; pastor at St. Clairsville, O., June, 1842-Sept., 1857; First Ch., Monmouth, Ill., co-pastor with Dr. D. A. Wallace Jan., 1859-June, ’60; then sole pastor until June, ’63; of the Second Ch., Monmouth, co-pastor with Dr. Wallace June, 1863-Oct., ’68; then sole pastor until July I, ’71; S. S. for half time at Logan’s Ferry, Pa., since Sept., 1875. Prof in the Theo. Sem. in Oxford, in all de¬ partments except Church History, Dec. i, 1855-Mar., ’58, supplying also the Oxford pulpit during the sessions. Trans¬ ferred with the Seminary to Monmouth, Ill., in Sept., ’58, and served as before until Sept., ’64; then Prof only of Sys¬ tematic and Polemic Theology and Homiletics until ’74, when the Seminary was united with the one at Xenia; was also Prof of Greek and Hebrew in Monmouth College 1858- ’64, and of the Evidences of Christianity 1864-75; been 66 o THE MINISTRY. Prof, of Pastoral Theology and Apologetics in the Theo. Sem. in Allegheny, Pa., since 1876. Was Moderator of the Gen¬ eral Assembly of 1863 and Delegate to the Presbyterian Coun¬ cil of 1884. Publications: An Address before Franklin Col¬ lege in 1854; A Paper on the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, prepared by direction of General Assembly, and read before it in 1872; Two Sermons in the Asso. Ref. Pulpit, vols. IV and V. YOUNG, Alexander Imbrie: Was born Jan. 20, 1843, ^^ar Portersville, Lawrence Co., Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1867, studied the¬ ology at Monmouth and Allegheny; was licensed June 16, 1868, by Allegheny Pres., and ordained June 15, ’69, by Frankfort; pastor at Hookstown and Tumblinson Run, June, 1869-May I, ’72; Turtle Creek, Allegheny Co., Pa., Sept. 3, 1872-June 9, ’85; McKeesport, Pa., since Dec. 20, 1886. YOUNG, John (A. R.)*: Was born Sept. 4, 1763, in York Co., Pa.; was graduated, taking the first honor, at Dickinson in 1788, and studied the¬ ology under Dr. Nisbet, President of the College, and Alex¬ ander Dobbin, of Gettysburg; was licensed Ap. 13, 1791, by the Asso. Ref. Pres, of Pennsylvania, and ordained Aug. 2, ’92, by the same; was pastor of Timber Ridge and Old Provi¬ dence, Rockbridge and Augusta counties, Va., Aug., 1792- ’99; Greencastle, West Conecocheague and the Great Cove, Franklin Co., Pa., 1799 till his death, July 24, 1803. He was a man of good abilities, of fine mental culture and of affable manners, and was always heard with gladness. As an earnest and instructive preacher he had no superior in his church. The General Synod was to organize and hold its first meeting in his church shortly after his death. As he would not be there to welcome the brethren he left them a charge from his death bed, that as the cause and truth of Christ were committed to their care and keeping they should be faithful to their trust, as they would have to give an ac¬ count of their stewardship. This charge was delivered in a very impressive manner and with telling effect by Dr. Mason in the conclusion of his opening sermon. His death was THE MINISTRY. 66 l caused by a fever resulting from over-exertion in preaching three times in the open air on a very hot day. YOUNG, John Hugh: Was born in Pittsburgh; was graduated at Jefferson in 1854; studied theology at Allegheny and in Edinburgh; was licensed Dec. 30, 1857, Monongahela Pres., and or¬ dained July 13, ’59, by Des Moines; was S. S. and then pastor in Des Moines city, la., 1859-’63; joined the Congre¬ gational Ch., and has long labored at fronton, Ohio. YOUNG, Robert Gracey: Was born in 1841 near Gettysburg, Pa.; was graduated at the Western University in 1867, and studied theology at Al¬ legheny; was licensed June 29, 1869, by Monongahela Pres., and ordained Sept. 5, 1871, by Butler; pastor at Brownsdale and Union, Butler Co., Pa., Sept., 1871-May 4, ’75; having some peculiar views upon Faith, the promise of the Spirit, Creeds, etc., he “refused longer to administer the sealing ordinances of the Church upon the human creed,” and was formally suspended from the ministry on the 15th of June, 1880, and resides at Shrewsbury, York Co., Pa. YOUNG, Samuee: Was born in May, 1837, near Ramelton, Co. Donegal, Ireland; was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1863, and studied theology at the Ref. Pres. Sem. in Phila.; was licensed in 1866, by the Ref. Pres. Presbytery of Phila., and ordained May 8, ’67, by Chicago; pastor of Bloom, Cook Co., Ill., May, 1867-Oct., ’74; in Allegheny, Pa., 1875-Mar., ’81; joined the United Presbyterian Church in Dec., 1881, and resides in Allegheny. YOUNG, Thomas William: Was born in 1849, Ardara, Co. Donegal, Ireland, and came to America in 1861; was educated at Westminster, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed Ap. 9, 1878, by Cleveland Pres., and ordained May 6, ’79, by Butler; pastor of Mt. Chestnut and White Oak Springs, Butler Co., Pa., May 6, 1879-July 8, ’84; 5th Pittsburgh, Dec. 27, 1884-Ap. 5, ’87; pastor of Jefferson, Allegheny Co., Pa. 662 OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Succession of Officers of the General Assembly. MODERATORS. A.D, PI.ACK OF MEETING. NAME. PRESBYTERY. 1858 Pittsburgh, Pa. . . *Rev. JohnT. Pressly, D. D . . . . Allegheny. 1859 Xenia, O.*Rev. Peter Bullions, D. D . . . . Albany. 1860 Philadelphia, Pa. . *Rev. Joseph Clokey, D. D . . . . Xenia. 1861 Monmouth, Ill. . . Rev. R. D. Harper, D. D.Xenia. 1862 Pittsburgh, Pa . . . *Rev. Joseph T. Cooper, D. D . . . Philadelphia. 1863 Xenia, O.Rev. Alex. Young, D. D., LL. D . Monmouth. 1864 Philadelphia, Pa. . *Rev. D. A. Wallace, D. D., LL. D.Monmouth. 1865 Washington, la . . *Rev. John B. Clark, D. D .... Allegheny. 1866 Allegheny, Pa. . . *Rev. David R. Kerr, D. D., LL. D.,Monongahela. 1867 Xenia, O.Rev. John B. Dales, D. D .... Philadelphia. 1868 Argyle, N. Y. . . . Rev. James Harper, D. D . . . . ist New York. 1869 Monmouth, Ill. . . Rev. R. A. Browne, D. D .... Mercer. 1870 Pittsburgh, Pa. . . *Rev. T. S. Kendall, D. D .... Oregon. 1871 Xenia, O.Rev. R. A. McAyeal, D. D . . . . Des Moines. 1872 Washington, la . . *Rev. John S. Easton, D. D. . . . Westmoreland. 1873 Philadelphia, Pa. . Rev. John Y. Scouller, D. D . . . ist Ohio. 1874 Monmouth, Ill. . . Rev. John G. Brown, D. D . . . . Monongahela. 1875 Wooster, O . . . . Rev. W. W. Barr, D. D.Philadelphia. 1876 Philadelphia, Pa. . Rev. James Browm, D. D.Keokuk. 1877 Sparta, Ill.Rev. Robert B. Ewing, D. D . . . Monongahela. 1878 Cambridge, O . . . Rev. S. G. Irvine, D. D.Oregon. 1879 NewWilm’g’n, Pa. *Rev. William Bruce, D. D . . . . Xenia. 1880 Xenia, O.Rev. E. T. Jeffers, D. D.Mercer. 1881 Allegheny, Pa. . . Rev. David W, Carson, D. D . . . Frankfort. 1882 Monmouth, Ill. . . Rev. David Paul, D. D.Muskingum. 1883 Pittsburgh, Pa. . . Rev. Wm. H. McMillan, D. D . . Allegheny. 1884 St. Louis, Mo . . . Rev. William H. French, D. D . . ist Ohio. 1885 Topeka, Kans . . . Rev. William Johnston, D. D. . . CollegeSpr’gs. 1886 Hamilton, O. . . . Rev. John T. Brownelle, D. D . . Chartiers. 1887 Philadelphia, Pa. . Rev. Matthew M. Gibson, D. D. . San Francisco. PRINCIPAL CLERKS. 1858 *Rev. Samuel Wilson, D. D., 1866 *Rev. J. Prestley, D, T)., pro tern.^ 1859 *Rev. James Prestley, D. D., 1867 *Rev. J. T. Cooper, D. D., 1863 *Rev. J. T. Cooper, D. D., 1875 Rev. W. J. Reid, D. D. • SECOND CLERK. 1868 Rev. A. G. Wallace, D. D. TREASURER. 1859 James McCandlass. * Deceased. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 663 Boards of the Church. THE BOARD OF HOME MISSIONS. T he Associate and the Associate Reformed Churches were always aggressive in spirit, and did all they could with the men and means at their command to cultivate their do¬ mestic missionary field. And God blessed both of them in their labors and doubled their numbers repeatedly. When, the General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church organized its beneficent agencies in 1859, prominent among them was a Board of Home Missions. The constitution then adopted has been changed and modified so that it consists now of nine members, three being elected by the Assembly every year, and located at Pittsburgh, Pa. In 1874 this Board was chartered by the Pennsylvania Legislature, and its duty is to ‘ ‘ carry out the measures adopted by the General Assembly from year to year; to take general supervision and control of the work; to meet emergencies arising during the year, and to make safe and proper investment of all funds intended by the donors or ordered by the General Assembly to be in¬ vested.” Its special duty “is to carry out the plan of opera¬ tions recommended by the general committee, and revised and adopted by the General Assembly.” It is the executive committee of the general committee. This General Committee is composed of one delegate from each Presbytery of the church, elected annually by the Pres¬ bytery, and meets annually at or near the place appointed for the meeting of the Assembly seven working days before the session of the Assembly begins. Its duty is to make an an¬ nual distribution of the men and means placed at its disposal, and take action upon any other matter affecting the cause of Home Missions. The General Assembly reviews and con¬ firms its work. Each Presbytery nominates to the Assembly 664 BOARDS OF THF CHURCH. one of its members as the Superintendent of Missions, whose duty it is to see that the action of the Board is promptly and vigorously carried out within the bounds of his Presbytery. The system is simple and has proved to be efficient and economical in opening up new fields, in strengthening exist¬ ing organizations, and in bringing unsettled ministers and vacant congregations into communication with each other. THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. In 1796 the Young Men’s Missionary Society of New York was organized with special reference to the evangelization of the American Indians then and even yet resident in central and western New York. This society was mainly composed of ministers and members of the Presbyterian, the Reformed Dutch and the Associate Reformed Churches, and one of the oldest ministers of the latter was for several years one of its missionaries. When the “American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions was organized, 1810, a number of the ministers, and members of the Associate Reformed Church became liberal and active supporters of it in sending the gos¬ pel to the heathen. But it was not until the year 1834 that any branch of the Associate Reformed Church entered upon the foreign work in a church capacity. In that year the Synod of New York ‘ ‘ fully recognized it as a present duty to engage in this work, ” and directed the congregations under its care to make it a matter of special prayer at their monthly concerts of prayer, and also to form congregational societies for the collection of funds. For the sake of economy in the local expenses on the foreign field, it was agreed to cooperate for the present with the “Western Foreign Missionary Society” of the Presbyte¬ rian Church, located at Pittsburgh, Pa. The Rev. James McEwen, of the Pres, of New York, was appointed as mis¬ sionary to go to some place in Northern India, to be selected by himself. He and his wife sailed Nov. 16, 1835, in com¬ pany with the Rev. Mr. Campbell, of the Reformed Presby¬ terian Church, destined for the same field, and the Rev. Messrs. Winslow and Dwight, of the Ceylon Mission. This BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 665 missionary band began their work at sea, by keeping up a daily religious service, which resulted in such a revival 01 religion that there were but few sailors aboard the ship that remained unconverted when they arrived at Calcutta. Mr. McEwen’s constitution was not suited to the debilitating climate of India, and he immediately suffered a severe attack of illness. He rallied, however, and proceeded to Allahabad, where he located and met with immediate success in the gathering of a school and the organization of a church among those who were employed by the government and could speak the English language. He was able to remain only a little more than one year, when his health failed so com¬ pletely that it was with difficulty he could get out of the country. He arrived at home in 1838, still feeble, and re¬ signed his appointment. In 1844 the General Associate Reformed Synod of the West resolved to establish a mission in Syria, with special reference to the Jews. During the following winter the Rev. James Barnett and his brother-in-law, J. G. Paulding, M. D., and wife, went out with discretionary power to select their own location. They fixed upon Damascus, with its one hundred and twenty thousand inhabitants, eight thousand of whom were descendants of Abraham, and here addressed themselves “to the Jew first and the Gentile also.” This mission was strengthened by the addition of the Rev. Gulian Eansing and wife, of the Pres, of New York, and the Rev. James A, Frazier and wife, of Michigan Pres., in 1851, and Miss Sarah B. Dales, of Philadelphia, in 1854; the Rev. John Crawford and wife, of the Pres, of Washington, and Alexander Hattie, M. D., in 1857. ‘They had also the assistance of Irish and Scotch missionaries until the massacre of i860, when some were slain and others compelled to flee. The mission was feebly rebuilt and finally transferred in 1878 to the Presby¬ terian Church of Ireland. This mission had many difficulties to contend with, and yet its success was very encouraging; first with the Jews, or rather Jewesses, and afterward with those of the native Svrian churches. In 1853 Barnett was detached from the mission in Da¬ mascus and sent down to Egypt to start a mission in the city 42 666 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. of Cairo. He was there joined in 1854 by the Rev. Thomas McCague and wife, of the Pres, of Chillicothe. Ill health compelled Mr. Lansing to leave Syria in 1857, and he located in Alexandria, in Egypt, where he found Mr. John Hogg, a theological student, who had been seen hither the previous year by a society in Scotland to establish a Protestant school. Miss Dales followed from Syria in i860, and quite a number of male and female missionaries have been sent out at differ¬ ent times from the U. S. until now there are stations scattered all along from Mansoora to the first cataract on the Nile. In the book department this mission in 1886 disposed of 9,651 volumes of the scriptures, 8,993 religious publications, 19,173 educational works, or a total of 37,817 volumes, for which $8,107, were received. There is a training college at Asyoot with 160 scholars, one-half of which are boarders; and for several years there have been about ten students in the theological seminary. In 1842 the Synod of the Associate Church concluded to establish a mission in South America, and sent out the Rev. Joseph Banks to explore the field. His report to the Synod in 1843, favor of the Island of Trinidad, was adopted, and he and the Rev. David Gordon and wife and their niece. Miss Beveridge, sailed in the summer of 1843, selected Savanne Grande as the place of their operations. They erected a church and a dwelling house, and were joined by Mr. G. Kerr, of Allegheny Co., Pa., as a farmer, with a view of subserving the mission work. The promise of early suc¬ cess was good, when Mr. Gordon was called away by death in Dec., 1844, and Mr. Kerr soon afterward, and Mrs. Gor¬ don and' Miss Beveridge felt constrained to return home. In Sept, 1845, the Rev. John Scott took Mr. Gordon’s place, but was not allowed by the physicians there to attempt to stay through the coming summer, and so returned in May following. In June, 1847, Andrew Thompson of Pittsburgh, went to the mission as a teacher, accompanied by his wife, but they returned in 1848. No other missionary could be gotten, and in the spring of 1851 ill health compelled Mr. Banks finally to leave the field. In June, 1851, the Rev. W. H. Andrew and wife and sister-in-law. Miss McCall, sailed BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 667 for Trinidad, but he found the missionary buildings so dilapi¬ dated as to need rebuilding, and the ground measurably oc¬ cupied by the Free Church of Scotland. Reporting these things to the Board, he returned in accordance with its advice in October of the same year, having left the mission in charge of a neighbor, the Rev. Francis Church, of the Free Church of Scotland. In 1854 Mr. Church resigned and came to this country for the sake of a more northern climate. The mission then became a joint mission with the Free Church and in 1867 was transferred to the Presbyterian Church of the Lower Provinces. In consequence of their poor success in Trinidad the Asso¬ ciate Synod resolved in 1853 to establish a mission in Hin- doostan, and in Sept., 1854, the Rev. Andrew Gordon, ac¬ companied by his wife, child and sister. Miss Elizabeth, sailed for Calcutta. They located at the city of SiMkot, in the Punjaub. During the next summer the Rev. E. H. Steven¬ son and wife and the Rev. R. H. Hill and wife departed for the same field, and in Dec., 1856, these three brethren con¬ stituted themselves into the Presbytery of Sialkot. Other missionaries followed from time to time, until now it is a well established and prosperous mission, spreading over a considerable part of the Punjaub. The General Assembly of 1859, ordered the establishment of a mission in China, and the Rev. J. C. Nevin and wife located themselves in Canton in i860. The Rev. Joseph* McKelvey and wife joined them in 1868, but he remained* only two years, and Miss M. E. Galbraith was with the mis¬ sion during the winter of 1875. For various reasons this mission was withdrawn in 1878 from China and established* in California for the benefit of the Chinese there, and is now* carried on by Mr. Nevin in Los Angeles with the aid of two or three teachers. 668 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. SUMMARY OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. (1886) Stations. 121 Foreign Missionaries. 16 Unmarried Female Missionaries. 20 Native Ordained Missionaries. 20 Total of Native Laborers. 375 “ All Laborers. 429 Organized Churches. 31 Native Communicants. 6,161 Sabbath Schools. 138 “ Scholars. 5)^25 Other Schools. 192 “ Scholars. 9? 219. VALUE OF MISSION PROPERTY. In India. In Egypt . $27,500 208,200 Total Names. Alexander, Rev. J. R. Alexander, Mrs. C. Andrew, Rev. W. H. Andrew, Mrs. Banks, Rev. Joseph Barnett, Rev. James Barnett, Mrs. Margaret L. Barr, Rey. James S. Barr, Mrs. Mary Caldwell, Rev. A. B. Caldwell, Mrs. Amelia M. Crawford, Rev. John Crawford, Mrs. Mary B. Currie, Rev. Ebenezer Currie, Mrs. Nettie Ewing, Rev. S. C. Ewing, Mrs. Catharine A. Finney, Rev. T. J. Finney, Mrs. Nannie Frazier, Rev. James A. Frazier, Mrs. Elizabeth Frazier, Mrs. Joanna Gordon, Rev. Andrew Gordon, Mrs. $325,700 MISSIONARIES. Places. Entered. Removed. Died. Asyoot, Egypt. 1875 << (< 1876 Trinidad. 1851 1851 March 30, 1879. << 1851 1851 ii 1843 1853 April 26, 1859. f Damascus, Syria. 1846 1855 t Cairo, Egypt. 1854 1875 Oct. 2, 1884. a ( i 1866 1875 Sialkot, India. 1861 (( H 1861 Gurdaspur, India. 1881 n a 1881 Damascus, Syria. 1857 1878 1857 1878 Alexandria, Egypt. 1865 Oct. 18, 1869. (< a 1865 March 9, 1866. n a i860 a it i860 Cairo, Egypt. 1882 (( ( i 1882 Damascus, Syria. 1851 Aug. 30, 1863. July 29, 1851. a a 1851 a a 1854 1863 Sialkot, India. 1855 Aug. 13, 1887. ii a 1855 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 669 MISSIONARIES— Continued. Names. Gordon, David Gordon, Mrs. Gordon, Mr. J. W. Gordon, Mrs. Eleanor J. GifFen, Rev. John Giffen, Mrs. E. E. GifFen, Rev. J. K. GifFen, Mrs. Grace Hattie, M. D., Alexander Harvey, Rev. William Harvey, Mrs. Henrietta M. Hill, Rev. R. A. Hill, Mrs. Hogg, Rev. John Hogg, Mrs. Bessie Johnston, M. D., D. R. Johnston, Mrs. Maggie J. Kerr, Mr. G. Eansing, Rev. G. Lansing, Mrs. Maria G. Lansing, Mrs. Sarah B. Lansing, M. D., E. E. Lansing, Mrs. Lytle, Revj D. S. Lytle, Mrs. Isabella McCague, Rev. Thos. McCague, Mrs. McKee, Rev. J. P. McKee, Mrs. Margaret McKelvey, Rev. Joseph McKelvey, Mrs. Adelaide Martin, Rev. Samuel Martin, Mrs. Lydia L. Murch, Chauncey Murch, Mrs, Amelia S. Nichol, Rev. A. M. Nichol, Mrs. Emma C. Nevin, Rev. J. C. Nevin, Mrs. Amanda S. Nevin, Mrs. Kate Paulding, M. D., J. G. Paulding, Mrs. Patterson, M. D., Rev. J. F. Patterson, Mrs. Isabella Pinkerton, Rev. B. F. Pinkerton, Mrs. Fidelia Rule, Rev. A. H. Rule, Mrs. Jennie M. Scott, Rev. John Scott, Mrs. Scott, Rev. T. L. Scott, Mrs. Mary A. Scott, Mrs. Anna E. Stevenson, Rev. E. H. Stevenson, Mrs. Stewart, Rev. Robert Stewart, Mrs. Eliza F. Places, Entered. Removed. Died. Trinidad. 1843 1844 Dec. 24, 1844. i i 1843 1844 Sialkot, India. 1866 1871 ii ii 1866 1871 Asyoot, Egypt. ii ii a ii ii a 1875 1883 1881 1881 Damascus, Syria. 1857 i860 Cairo, Egypt. ii a 1865 1865 Sialkot, India. 1856 1863 ii ii 1856 1863 June 10, 1875. Asyoot, Egypt. ii a i860 i860 Feb. 27, 1886. ii ii 1868 1875 ii ii 1868 1875 Trinidad. 1844 1845 1845. f Damascus, Syria. L Cairo, Egyyt. 1851 1857 1857 J f Damascus, Syria. 1851 1857 1 [Cairo, Egypt. ii ii 1857 1866 July 5, 1865. Asyoot, Egypt. ii ii 1884 1884 Sialkot, India. ii ii 1881 1881 Cairo, Egypt. 1854 1861 ii ii 1854 1861 Gujranwala, India. ii ii 1870 1870 1 Canton, China. 1868 1870 ii ii 1868 Nov. 20, 1868. ZaFarwal, India. 1866 a ii 1866 Dec. 3,. 1886. Luxor, Egypt. ii ii 1883 1883 Monsoora, Egypt. 1874 1884 a a 1874 1883 Canton, China. i860 1878 (( ii i860 Sept. 27, 1867. ii ii 1869 1878 Damascus, Syria. 1845 1856 April 30, 1875. ii ii 1845 1856 a ii 1872 1877 March 23, 1882 ii ii 1872 1877 Alexandria, Egypt. 1865 1869 ii ii 1865 1869 1871. Cairo, Egypt. 1872 1873 a ii 1872 1873 Trinidad. 1845 1846 Aug. 4, 1877. i i 1845 1846 Jhelum, India. 1874 ii ii ii <4 1874 1882 Oct. 25, 1880. Sialkot, “ 1856 1863 Sept. 15, 1879. (4 44 44 44 4 4 4 4 1856 1881 1881 1863 670 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. MISSIONARIES— Continued. Names. Places. Entered. Removed. Died. Strang, Rev. David Egypt. 1866 1876 Strang, Mrs. Gemella i ( 1866 1876 Thompson, Mr. Andrew Watson, Rev. Andrew Watson, Mrs. Margaret Trinidad. Cairo, Egypt. a a 1847 1861 1861 1849 UNMARRIED FEMALE MISSIONARIES. Names. Anderson, Miss Emma D. Beveridge, Miss Margaret A. Brown, Miss Adella A. Campbell, Miss T. M. Calhoun, Miss Eliza Campbell, Miss Mary J. Conner, Miss Harriet M. Corbett, Miss Kate M. Dales, Miss Sarah B. Frazier, Miss Mary A. Galbraith, Miss M. E. Galloway, Miss M. E. Gordon, Miss Elizabeth G. Gordon, Miss Euphie E. Given, Miss Anna F. Hart, Miss Sarah Johnston, Miss Eliza F. Kyle, Miss Ella O. Lockhart, Miss Maggie G. McCahon, Miss Elizabeth McCall, Miss McCullough, Miss Rosa A. McKown, Miss Martha J. Newlin, Miss Elizabeth E. Smith, Miss Margaret A. Strang, Miss Isabella Strang, Miss Matilda Thompson, Miss Anna Y. Welsh, Miss M. E. White, Miss Josephine L. Wilson, Miss Cynthia E. Wilson, Miss Rosa T. White, Maria, M. D. Places. Entered. Removed. Died. Jhelum, India. 1881 Trinidad. 1843 1884 Luxor, Egypt. 1886 Alexandria, Egypt. 1870 1878 Gujranwala, India. 1869 1884 Zafarwal, “ 1884 Cairo, Eg>’pt. 1880 Zafarwal, India. 1886 r Damascus, Syria. 1854 i860 t Cairo, Egypt. i860 / Damascus, Syria. 1876 1877 \ Alexd’a, Egypt. 1878 Canton, China. 1875 1876 Eg>^pt. 1875 Oct. 15, 1881. Sialkot, India. 1854 Gurdaspur, India. 1881 Jhelum, India. 1886 Cairo, Egypt. 1861 June 28, 1869. n a 1869 1881 Asyoot, “ 1883 if ii 1874 1877 June 6, 1882. Sialkot, India. 1875 Trinidad. 1851 1851 Gujranw^ala, India. 1879 Asyoot, Egypt. 1861 i i i i 1880 Cairo, Egypt. 1872 Monsoora, Egypt. 1878 Alexandria, “ 1886 Cairo, “ 1871 Sialkot, India. 1869 1872 Jhelum, “ 1884 Gujranwala, India. 1875 i< i( 1886 Sialkot, India. 1886 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 671 FEMALE FOREIGN MISSIONARIES.* MRS. CARRIE (ELDER) ALEXANDER: Was born Jan. 7, 1855, Gallon, O.; was educated at Ohio Central College, and taught three years; sailed Oct. 19, 1876, for the Egyptian mission; was married in Cairo, Nov. 25, 1876, to the Rev. J. R. Alexander. Her station is Assiout. MISS EMMA DEAN ANDERSON: Daughter of James and Margaret Anderson; was born Sept. 5, 1857, in Butler Co., Pa.; united when fifteen years old with the Glade Run Ch., taught school for some time, and sailed Aug. 30, 1881, for India, and has charge of the Girls’ School at Jhelum. MRS. MARY (BLACK) BARR: Was born Nov. 20, 1833, i^^ar Canonsburg, Pa.; was married June 27, 1861, to the Rev. James S. Barr, and sailed with him in Oct. of the same year for India. She has been principally located at Sialkot and Zafarwal. MRS. MARGARET LEES BARNETT: Daughter of the Rev. Jackson Duff; was born Sept. 9, 1843; studied at the Female Institute, Oxford, O.; was married June 20, 1865, to the Rev. James Barnett, D. D., and sailed for the Egyptian mission Oct. 2, 1865. Retired from it in 1875, and resides at Emporia, Kansas. MISS ADELLA BROWN: Was born June 2, 1859, in Perry Co., Ill., and was educated at the Normal College, Carbondale, Ill.; sailed Sept. 15, 1886, for Egypt, and is assigned to Luxor. MRS. AMELIA MARGARET CALDWELL: Daughter of Jacob and Barbara Eckert; was born Nov. 19,, 1858, in Allegheny City, Pa., and educated at the Pittsburgh^ High School; joined the Valley Presbyterian Ch. when fifteen years old; was married Ap. 13, 1881, to the Rev. A. B. Cald¬ well, and sailed on the 26th of May following for the mission in India. *Note.—F or the personal items of the Male Foreign Missionaries see the appropriate places in the ‘ ‘ Ministry. ’ ’ The following sketches of the Female Missionaries are from the pen of the Rev. Dr. J. B. Dales, Secretary of the Foreign Board. 672 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. MISS ELIZA CALHOUN: Daughter of Johnson and Isabella Calhoun; was born Jan. 5, 1845, near Hookstown, Beaver Co., Pa.; united with the church when seventeen years old, and was graduated at Westminster in 1869; sailed for the mission in India Oct. 30, 1869, and has labored principally at Gujranwala. In Jan., 1884, she married Rev. Mr. Carleton, of the Presbyterian Mission, and is laboring under the care of their Board. MISS MARY J. CAMPBELL: Daughter of William and Margaret Campbell, both long since dead; was born Sept. 12, 1865, near Biggsville, Ill.; sailed Nov. 12, 1884, for India, and is stationed at Zafarwal. MISS THERESA M. CAMPBELL: Daughter of William and Ann Campbell, and granddaugh¬ ter of the Rev. William McAuley; was born May 21, 1847, North Harpersfield, Delaware Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary, Mass.; united first with the Congregational Ch. at South Hadley, Mass., and afterward with the United Presbyterian at North Harpersfield; sailed in Oct., 1870, for the mission in Egypt; returned on account of impaired health and resigned in 1878. MISS HATTIE MEREDITH CONNER: Daughter of Cornelius and Elizabeth Conner, and grand¬ daughter of the late Rev. William Conner: was born Feb. 23, 1858, in Allegheny City, Pa.; early united with the Third United Presbyterian Ch., of that city; was educated in the Normal School, and sailed Sept, i, 1880, for the Egyptian mission, and is stationed at Cairo. MISS KATE CORBETT: Daughter of C. R. & Jane Corbett, was born May 4, 1864, in Brookville, Pa., and sailed for India Sept. 15, 1886. MRS. MARY BEATTIE CRAWFORD: Daughter of James and Laura Stewart; was born Mar. 30, 1835, in Argyle, Washington Co., N. Y.; was educated in the Argyle Academy, and united with the church when fif¬ teen years old; was married Sept. 17, 1857, Rev. John Crawford, and sailed with him on the i6th of the next month for the mission in Syria, and is still in Damascus. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 673 MRS. NETTIE CURRIE*: Daughter of Walter and Ann Parry; was born Mar. 20, 1837, five miles east of Xenia, O.; was baptized by Dr. A. Heron of the Caesar’s Creek Asso. Ch., and united with the A. R. congregation of Cedarville in 1853; married July 8, 1863, to the Rev. Eben. Currie, and sailed for Egypt, where she died Mar. 9, 1866, at Alexandria. MISS SARAH BLANKEEY DAEES: Daughter of Hugb and Margaret Dales, and sister of the Rev. Dr. J. B. Dales; was born July 20, 1820, near Moscow, Livingston Co., N. Y.; united with the A. R. Ch., in Philadel¬ phia in 1842; sailed for the mission work in Damascus, Syria, Sept. 30, 1854, where she met with great success in a school composed principally of young Jewesses; removed to Egypt in i860, and was married in 1867 to Rev. Dr. Gillian Lan¬ sing. In Egypt her field of labor has been chiefly in the city of Cairo, and in her school in Cairo was trained, and largely through her influence was brought to Christ, Bamba Muller, who was married in June, 1864, to his Highness Maharajah Dhuleep Singh, Sovereign Prince of the Punjaub in India, but a resident in England after the annexation of that Pro¬ vince to the British Empire. MRS. CATHARINE ANN (BRADFORD) EWING*: Was born near Canonsburg, Pa., Aug. 21, 1831, and joined the Asso. Ref. Ch. at Cross Roads in 1852; was married Jan. 5, i860, to the Rev. Samuel C. Ewing, and sailed in Oct., i860, for Egypt, and has labored principally at Alexandria. She died a month ago, and he has gone to Russia. MRS. NANNIE FINNEY: Daughter of James and Grisella McClenahan, was born Dec. 5, 1885, near Fairview, Guernsey Co., O.; had two brothers killed in the Union ranks in the Civil War, and is sister of Prof D. A. McClenahan; was married June 29, 1882, to Rev. T. J. Finney, and sailed the next Oct. for the Egyp¬ tian Mission, and is located at Monsoura. MRS. ELIZABETH FRAZIER*: First wife of the Rev. James A. Frazier; sailed with him in 1851 for the mission in Damascus, Syria, and died July 29, 1851, very soon after arriving there. 674 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. MRS. JOANNA FRAZIER: Daughter of Samuel and Mary Stephenson; was born Aug. 15, 1828, at Xenia, O.; was educated at the academy in Sid¬ ney, O., where she united with the church when sixteen years old; was married July 12, 1854, to the Rev. James A. Frazier, and sailed on the 30th of Sept, for Syria. After her husband’s death, Aug. 30, 1863, in Damascus, she returned to this country, and resides at Monmouth, Ill. MISS MARY AGNES FRAZIER: Daughter of the Rev. J. A. and Joanna Frazier; was born Oct. 17, 1855, Damascus, Syria; was brought by her mother to this country in 1863; united with the church in Monmouth, Ill., in 1873, and was graduated at Monmouth in 1875, and sailed Oct. 19, 1876, for mission work in Damascus, Syria. In 1877 was transferred to Egypt, and is located at Alexandria. MISS MARY EEEEN GALBRAITH: Daughter of Walter and Sarah Galbraith; was born Nov. 8, 1851, in Passumpsic, Caledonia Co., Vt.; was educated at the St. Johnsbury Academy, and joined the United Presby¬ terian Ch. in Burnet, Vt., in 1870; sailed Aug. 3, 1875, to join the mission in Canton, China; remained there about a year, and then married a Wesleyan Methodist missionary in the same field. MISS MARY E. GALLOWAY*: Daughter of the late Rev. Jonathan Galloway, of the Asso. Ref. Ch. of the South; was born in South Carolina and edu¬ cated at Due West, S. C.; sailed for Egypt in 1875 under ap¬ pointment from the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South; was mar¬ ried in 1876 to the Rev. John Gilfen, and was located at Asyoot, in Upper Egypt. Died Oct. 15, 1881. MRS. JOHN GIFFEN: (See Miss E. E. Newlin.) MRS. GRACE GIFFEN: Daughter of John N. and Mary R. Henderson; was born Dec. 8, 1856, in New Athens, O.; married Rev. J. Kelly Giffen July 12, 1881; sailed in Aug. for the Egyptian Mission, and is located in Asyoot. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 675 MISS ANNIE FRAZIER GIVEN: Daughter of Rev. James and Margaret Given; was born Feb. 2, 1864, near Parnassus, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; gradu¬ ated at the State Normal School in 1885, and sailed for India Sept. 15, 1886. MRS. ELEANOR JANE (DOUGALL) GORDON: Wife of Mr. J. W. Gordon, a lay missionary to India; was born in 1838 in Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y.; was mar¬ ried to Mr. Gordon Oct. 17, i860, and went with him in 1865 to the mission at Sialkot, India, and retired from the same in 1871. MISS ELIZABETH G. GORDON: Daughter of the late Rev. Alexander Gordon; was born in Putnam, Washington Co., N. Y., and sailed for India in 1854 with her brother, the Rev. Andrew, when he went to estab¬ lish the mission at Sialkot. She has always been stationed at Sialkot, and is now especially engaged in zenana work. MISS EUPHEMIA E. GORDON: Daughter of Rev. Dr. Andrew and Rebecca C. Gordon; was born Feb. 12, 1858, in Sialkot, India; was educated mainly in the U. S., and returned to India in 1875, and became a formal missionary in 1881, and is now in the U. S. pursuing a thorough medical education, so as to be qualified to estab¬ lish an hospital for women. MRS. REBECCA C. GORDON: Wife of the Rev. Andrew; went with him in 1854 to India; was settled first at Sialkot, but is now stationed at Gurdaspur. MRS. HENRIETTA MARIA HARVEY: Daughter of the late Judge Thomas Lee and sister of the Rev. Dr. J. B. Lee; was born in 1840 in Cadiz, O.; labored for some time as a missionary to the freedmen at Davis Bend, Miss.; was married Sept. 7, 1865, to the Rev. William Har¬ vey, and the 30th of the same month sailed for Egypt, where she has ever since labored. MISS SARAH HART*: Was the youngest of five children born to Jewish parents in Hull, England; was born in 1832; became a Christian, and 676 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. after encountering almost every sort of difficulty was baptized June 7, 1857, by the Rev. John Dech, of the Church of Eng¬ land, in Hull. She was immediately turned out of home by her mother and the family, but through friends obtained a situation in England as governess, and then went to help a Mr. Reichart to carry on a school in Alexandria, in Egypt. Here she came in contact with the United Presbyterian mis¬ sion, and in Ap., 1861, joined it as a teacher. She continued a most devoted and useful laborer until June 28, 1869, when she was burned to death by the explosion of a can of kerosene oil. Her principal field of labor was in Cairo. MRS. HIRE*: Sailed with her husband, the Rev. R. A. Hill, Aug. 22, 1855, for the mission in India; was located at Sialkot, and retired from the mission in 1863, and died June 10,1875, near Princeton, Schenectady Co., N. Y. MRS. BESSIE DODDS (KAY) HOGG: Was born Sept. 14, 1841, in Jamaica, West Indies. Her father was a catechist of the Scottish Missionary Society, and afterwards of the United Presbyterian Mission. In 1849 was taken to Edinburgh, Scotland, where she was educated, and at the age of thirteen joined the United Presbyterian Ch. On the loth of Jan., i860, she married the Rev. John Hogg, and soon afterward sailed with him for Egypt. In 1872 she accompained her husband on a visit to the United States. The largest part of her labors has been spent in Upper Egypt. MISS ELIZA F. JOHNSTON: Daughter of the Rev. Dr. J. B. Johnston, of St. Clairsville, O.; joined the Egyptian Mission in 1869, and had charge of the Girls’ Boarding School in Cairo; was married Dec. i, 1881, to Dr. Robert Stewart, of the India Mission. MRS. MARY JANE JOHNSTON: Daughter of John and Ann Stewart; was born July 14,1844, in St. Clairsville, O.; joined the church in 1861; married Dec. 25, 1867, D. R. Johnston, M. D., a medical missionary, and sailed May 21, ’68, for Egypt, and spent her time principally in Upper Egypt. In 1877 she returned from the mission. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 677 MISS ELLA O. KYLE: Daughter of William and Rachel Kyle; was born in Cedar- ville, O., May 29, 1856; sailed Dec. 20, 1882, for Egypt, and is stationed at Asyoot. MRS. Dr. G. LANSING: (See Miss S. B. Dales.) MRS. HATTIE ELIZA LANSING: Daughter of George and Calista Arnold; was born June 2, 1862, in West Troy, N. Y.; married March 20, 1884, Elmer E. Lansing, M. D., son of Rev. Dr, Lansing, and medical missionary, and sailed in April for the Egyptian Missson, and is located at Asyoot. MRS. MARIA (OLIVER) LANSING*: Was a native of Lisha’s Kill, Albany Co., N. Y.; was married in Aug., 1850, to the Rev. Gulian Lansing, and sailed with him Dec. 12, 1850, for the Asso. Ref. Mission at Damascus, in Syria; removed to Egypt in 1857, cholera in Cairo, July 5, 1865. MISS MARGARET GUTHRIE LOCKHART*: Was born Sept. 19, 1852, in New York city; joined the church at Andes, N. Y., when thirteen years old; was ed¬ ucated at the College Institute of Andes; sailed Sept. 26, 1874, for the mission in Egypt; returned in 1878 because 01 impaired health, and resided with her mother at Barbours- ville, Va., until her death, June 6, 1882. MRS. BELLE LYTLE: Daughter of John and Margaret Gordon, was born Ap. 23, 1846, in Guernsey Co., O.; was married in Dec., 1872, to Rev. D. S. Lytle, and sailed with him Aug. 30, 1881, for India, and is stationed at Sialkot. MRS. McCAGUE: Embarked Sept. 30, 1854, with her husband, the Rev. Thomas McCague, for the mission in Egypt; labored mainly in Cairo, and in 1861 returned because of enfeebled eyes, and resides in Omaha, Nebraska. MISS ELIZABETH McCAHAN: Niece of the late Rev. Dr. Alex. McCahan; was born June 9, 1850, in Canonsburg, Pa.; joined the church in 1864; was 678 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. educated at the Rev. W. Ewing’s Academy; after teaching several years she sailed Oct. 7, 1875, for India, and labors at Sialkot. MISS ROSANNA ADELAIDE McCULLOUGH; Was born Feb. 15, 1851, near Unity, in Adams Co., O.; was the subject of very deep religious impressions at the age of ten, and joined the church when fourteen years old; was graduated at Lincoln College, Mo., in 1875, and sailed for the mission in India on the 4th of Nov., 1879. MRS. MARGARET McKEE: Daughter of William and Mary Dickey; was born June 20, 1842, at Pulaski, Lawrence Co., Pa.; joined the church at the age of sixteen; was graduated at Westminster in 1861, and labored for some time in the Freedmen’s Mission at Nashville, Tenn.; was married Jan. 12, 1869, to the Rev. J. P. McKee, and sailed Nov. 5, 1870, for the mission in India, and is located at Gujranwala. MRS. ADELAIDE McKELVEY*: Daughter of Robert and Martha Moore; was born Jan. i, 1841, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was married Jan. 23, 1868, to the Rev. Joseph McKelvey, and sailed on the nth of the next month from San Francisco for China. After giving good promise of usefulness she died Nov. 20, 1868, in Canton. MISS MARTHA JANE McKOWN: Was born Mar. 22, 1834, at Elizabeth, Pa., and was bap¬ tized by the Rev. Matthew McKinstry; was a teacher in the Sabbath-school at fourteen, taught in the public school at sixteen, joined the church at New Concord, O., at seventeen; was graduated at Monmouth College in 1859; was Principal of a Female Seminary at Oskaloosa, la., for a time, and sailed Oct. 6, i860, for the mission in Egypt. Her present station is Asyoot. MRS. LYDIA LUCRETIA MARTIN*: Daughter of Stewart and Rachel Mossman; was born June 28, 1838, in Michigan City, Ind.; was educated at James¬ town, Pa.; was married Sept. 27, 1866, to the Rev. S. Mar¬ tin, and sailed on the 21st of the next month for India; died Dec. 3, 1886. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 679 MRS. AMELIA SOPHRONIA MURCH: Daughter of Allen and Maria Canfield; was born Mar. 6, 1867, at Milan, O.; was married Aug. 4, 1880, to Rev. Chauncy Murch, and sailed with him, Oct. 7, 1883, for Egypt, and is stationed at Euxor. MRS. AMANDA S. (BEGGS) NEVIN*: Was born in Pittsburgh, Pa.; married the Rev. J. C. Nevin Nov. I, 1859, and sailed on the 17th of Dec. following, for Canton, in China, and died there Sept. 27, 1867. MRS. MARY CATHARINE NEVIN: Daughter of George and Margaret McCague; was born in Portsmouth, O., and early united with Dr. Pressly’s church in Allegheny; was married July 27, 1871, to the Rev. J. C. Nevin, and returned with him to Canton, China, where she remained until the mission was transferred in 1878 to Los Angeles, California, where she now labors. MISS ELIZABETH ELMIRA NEWLIN: Daughter of James P. and Elizabeth Newlin: was born Jan. 21, 1855, near Smithfield, Jefferson Co., O.; joined the Mar¬ tin’s Ferry Ch., when sixteen years old. After finishing her education she taught for a time, and then sailed Sept, i, 1880, for the mission in Egypt; married the Rev. John Giffen in 1883, and is stationed at Aysoot. MRS. EMMA CUSHMAN NICHOLL: Daughter of Henry and Josephine Patterson; was born Sept. 27, 1849, Geneva, Ala., and removed with the family in i860 to Mercer Co., Ill.; studied at the Aledo Academy, and taught for some time; was married to the Rev. A. M. Nicholl July 8, 1873, and on the i8th of Ap. 1874, sailed^to Egypt; and was stationed at Mansoorah, and returned in 1884. MRS. PAULDING: Daughter of the late Samuel Barnett, of Springfield, O., and sister of the Rev. Dr. Barnett, and wife of J. G. Paulding, M. D., medical missionary. She went with her husband and brother to Syria in 1845, returned to the U. S. in 1856. MRS. FIDELIA FREEZE (EIKER) PINKERTON*: Was a resident of Sparta, Ill., and married the Rev. B. F. Pinkerton Aug. 25, 1863, and sailed Sept. 30, 1865, for the mission in Egypt. She returned in 1869, and died in 1871. 68o BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. MRS. JANE MORE RUEE: Daughter of Robert W. and Caroline Clark; was born Feb. 25, 1845, Blairsville, Pa.; was graduated at Monmouth College in 1868, and was married Oct. 26, 1871, to the Rev. A. H. Rule; sailed Aug. 24, 1872, for the mission in Egypt, but returned the following year. MRS. ANNA E. SCOTT: Was born Aug. 2, 1849, Franklin township, Beaver Co., Pa.; sailed Oct. 28, 1882, for India, where she subsequently married Rev. T. E. Scott, and is settled at Jhelum. MISS MARY AGNES SCOTT*: Was born May 24, 1849, Perry, Eawrence Co., Pa.; was married Sept, i, 1874, to the Rev. T. E. Scott, and sailed for India on the 26th of the same month; was stationed at Jhe¬ lum, where she died Oct. 25, 1880. MISS MARY ANN SMITH: Daughter of the Rev. J. N. and Elizabeth Smith; was born July 16, 1847, in Haysville, O.; joined the church at sixteen, and after finishing her education taught for some time; sailed for the mission in Egypt Nov. 2, 1872, and is stationed in Cairo. MRS. STEVENSON: Wife of the Rev. E. H. Stevenson; sailed with him Aug. 22, 1855, for India; was stationed at Sialkot until 1865; she returned, and now resides at Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y. MRS. DR. ROB. STEWART: See Miss E. F. Johnston. MRS. GEMEEEA STRANG: Daughter of Hugh and Deodema Cotton; was born Jan. 26, 1836, near Pulaski, Eawrence Co., Pa.; was converted at twelve and united with the church; was educated at West¬ minster College; was married to Mr. (afterward Rev.) David Strang, July 4, 1861; sailed Feb. 10, 1866, for the mission in Egypt; was stationed in Alexandria; returned in 1876, and now resides at Eincoln, Tenn. MISS. ISABEEEA STRANG: Daughter of the Rev. David and Gemella Strang; was born May 17, 1862, near Reynoldsburg, O.; joined the church BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 681 when fourteen years old; studied at Monmouth and Westmin¬ ster Colleges; sailed Feb. 15, 1879, for Egypt, where she had spent her younger years, and is stationed at Mansoorah. MISS MATILDA STRANG: Daughter of Rev. David and Gemella Strang; was borm Oct. 29, 1866, in Cairo, Egypt; was educated in the U. S. and sailed for Egypt, Sept. 15, 1886, and has charge of the Girls’ School in Alexandria. MISS ANNA YOUNG THOMPSON: Daughter of the Rev. David Thompson; was born Mar. ir,, 1851, in Robinson township, Washington Co., Pa.; united' with the church at the age of fourteen; was educated in Mrs. Hanna’s Seminary, in Washington, Pa.; sailed for the mission in Egypt Nov. 4, 1871, and is employed in the Girls’ School, in Cairo. MRS. MARGARET WATSON: Daughter of George and Christiana McVicker; was born’ Aug. 23, 1835, at Prairieville, near Waukesha, Wis.; was educated at Waukesha and at Rockford, Ill.; was married to the Rev. Andrew Watson July 10, 1861, and sailed on the 28th of the next Sept., for Egypt, and is now stationed at Cairo. MISS ELIZABETH WELSH: Daughter of Robert and Nancy Welsh; was born Mar. 29, 1849, near Washington, Pa.; united with the church at the age of fifteen, and studied at Iberia and. Westminster Colleges; taught among the freedmen at Natchez,, Miss., and sailed Oct. 30, 1869, for the mission in India; returned to the U. S. in 1872. MISS JOSEPHINE LILLIAN WHITE: Daughter of Thomas and Mary Jane White; was born Sept. 24, 1858, near Grove City, Pa., and sailed Nov. 12, 1882, for India; has been mainly at Jhelum. MISS MARIA WHITE, M. D.: Was born near Grove City, Pa., and was graduated at the Medical College in Baltimore, Md., and sailed Sept. 15, 1886, to be a medical missionary in India, and is located at Sialkot. 43 682 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. MISS CYNTHIA ELLEN WILSON: Was born Mar. 27, 1850, near Morning Sun, Louisa Co., la.; graduated with the first honors in the scientific course in Monmouth College in 1873, and sailed Oct. 7, 1875, for India, and has resided at Gujranwala. MISS ROSANNA TONER WILSON: Sister of Cynthia E. and daughter of James X. and Martha E. Wilson; was born in Morning Sun, la.; was graduated at Monmouth College in 1886, and sailed for India Sept. 15, of the same year. NATIVE EGYPTIAN MINISTERS.* MIKHAEEL YOOSEF EL-BELIANY: His father, Yoosef, was a native of Abydos, near Girgeh, but owing to his straitened circumstances he removed to Belianeh in 1234 A. H., (1819 A. D.,) a few months before Mikhaeel was born. Entirely neglected by his father he grew up wild and wicked, and still bears marks of the rough scuffles of his youthful days. When about fourteen years old his thoughts took a serious turn, under the influence of a religi¬ ous Copt named Butrus, who came to lodge in his father’s house. This man taught him to fast and pray. He also taught him to reverence the “holy monks,” who, he said, by virtue of their protracted fasts and prayers, &c., became possessed of wings, and could fly to distant countries in a short space of time. About this time the parish priest of How (named Gad) visited Belianeh. Mikhaeel confessed to him; and, by way of fitting him for communion, the priest prescribed a daily routine of seven prayers (each prayer con¬ sisting of twelve Paternosters and forty-one Kyrie Eleisons, closing with twelve salutations to the Virgin Mary and the recital of the Nicene creed,) and twenty-five genuflexions, or prostrations. Next year the number of the latter was, at M.’s own request, increased to fifty, viz: forty to Christ and ten to the Virgin. At the age of sixteen he absconded secretly from home in the company of a monk named Aby El Malak El Obeidy, and * Prepared by the Rev. Dr. John Hogg, of Asyoot, Egypt. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 683 went first to Boosh (near Benisooef) and afterward to Cairo, where he was received by the Patriarch Butrus as a candidate for monastic orders, and by him was sent to the convents of Nitria. After a novitiate of three years, during which time he “learned three trades, viz: To light a fire, to bake bread and to cook a dinner,” he was formally admitted as a monk of the order of St. Anthony, and at the same time advanced to the position of miller of the convent. By the help of a monk named Monsoor he had meanwhile learned the letters of the Arabic alphabet, and had spelled through twenty-five prose Psalms, which the monk had written out for him on a piece of tile. Shortly after taking the monastic vow he became possessed of a copy of the whole Bible in Arabic, giving in exchange for it a pair of new shoes, his only earthly possession which was of any pecuniary value. Now he began to study the Word in earnest. After spending five years in the Syrian convent of Nitria the abbot summoned him to Cairo, where he was obliged to remain for six months a horrified spectator of the foul lives of the bishops, abbots and their associates. (His own abbot was a Sodomite.) He tried to escape back to the convent, but was beaten by his superior for having made the attempt. At the close of six months—“which seemed to him like sixty years”—he was allowed to return to Nitria, where he buried himself among the books of the convent in the vain search for something to quiet the misgivings of his disquieted spirit. After he had been seven years at Nitria the Bishop of the Fayoom, Amba Ishac, visited the convent. On leaving he gave the abbot a pair of shoes and a dollar for each of the monks. The abbot gave them the shoes but kept the dollars. They at once set off in a body for Cairo to complain to the Patriarch. The abbot overtook them on the way with an armed band, gave them three hundred lashes each, excom¬ municated the whole thirteen of them, and hastened on be¬ fore them to Cairo to give his version of the story to the Patriarch. The version of the monks was disbelieved, and Mikhaeel and some others refused to return to Nitria. 684 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. After spending five months in the patriarchate at Cairo Mikhaeel left with another monk, named Andraos, for the convent of St. Anthony, on the shore of the Red Sea. Here he remained two years in the position of waterer of the gar¬ den. The state of the morals of the monks here (most of whom expect one day to become bishops or patriarchs) was worse than at Nitria—nearly as bad even as at Cairo. He found one good man among them named Fanoos, to whom he poured out the bitterness of his soul. “When the head itself is corrupt (meaning the abbot David, who afterwards became the Patriarch Cyril,) what can you expect of the members?’’ was Fanoos’ reply. “But,’’ he added, “do as I do. Read your Bible. It will comfort you and inspire you with hope.” This monk helped him a good deal in his private studies, and explained to him the peculiar tenets of the Coptic Church. In the year 1259 A, H. (about 1844 A. D.), when Mikhaeel was about twenty-five years of age, his bosom friend, the monk Andraos, was made Metropolitan (Aboona) of Abys¬ sinia, under the title of the Metran Salameh. When the news of his appointment reached him ‘ ‘ he spent the whole night in tears, ’ ’ and in the morning he came to M. and made him swear on the ‘ ‘ Holy Gospel ’ ’ that he would accompany him to Abyssinia, and remain his fast friend and bosom com¬ panion for life. On his return from Cairo he ordained M. and three others to the office of Presbyter, and proceeded on his way up the Nile, leaving orders for M. to meet him at Jedda. M. went by way of Suez and the Red Sea, taking with him letters of introduction from the Rev. M. Dieder of the Church Missionary Society to the English consuls at Suez and Jedda. After twenty days’ sail he reached Jedda. Here he remained fifty days, when he was joined by the Metran. After eight days’ sail they reached Massowah. By the time they reached Edwa a crowd of over ten thousand people were marching in procession before and behind them, who had come to welcome the Vicar of Christ, for whose appearance they had been waiting for a period of twenty years. The head of the young Metran (he was but twenty-three years old) was soon turned by the fulsome honors paid him BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 685 by the superstitious chiefs and tribes of Abyssinia. Mikhaeel, who was his 'senior in years and experience, tried to act for a time the part of mentor to him, but only got his hatred for his pains. Before he had been many months in the country he had got inextricably mixed up with the intrigues of the contending chieftains, now siding with one and now with another. At last M., to save his own life, was forced to sep¬ arate from the Metran, who, contrary to M.’s advice, had broken his oath with Ras Alee, King of Amara, and leagued himself with Obeh, King of Tigre. When the Metran fell into the hands of the angry king he tried to exculpate him¬ self by casting the blame on M. The latter was able, by letters in his possession, to prove his innocence of the charge. This made matters worse between him and the Metran. At the close of his four years of exile in Abyssinia the King of Amara gave him permission to return to Egypt. On his way from Gondar to Adwa one of the chiefs to whom he had letters from the king gave him fifty dollars in addition to one hun¬ dred given him by the latter, and induced him to go and make peace with the Metran before he left. The Metran re¬ jected his overtures, took all his money and clothes from him, imprisoned him for two and one-half months, maltreated him in every conceivable way, and at last sent him off in chains to Massowah under charge of a company of Turkish soldiers. He had to walk the whole way (seventeen days) barefooted, tying cloths around his bleeding feet. The governor of Massowah had pity on him and gave him three dollars and an old blanket. Mr. Sawa, an Armenian, gave him a pair of shoes and a shirt and an old cloak. After twenty days, dur¬ ing which he had to support himself by begging, he got a passage across to Jedda. Here he remained thirty days, where “he suffered as much as during his four years of trial in Abyssinia.” At last he met a Christian named Eesa (Jesus), who introduced him to the English consul, who gave him money to pay his passage to Suez and a bushel of grain to eat on his way. He sailed for Suez on the 25th of November, 1848; was thirty days in reaching it, and almost died of hunger by the way. In Suez he had to beg during the day, and sleep in an open shed at night (in the dead of 686 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. winter). After some time, through the kindness of a Greek, he was allowed to join a caravan, and at length reached Cairo “ragged, haggard and half-dead.” He remained some months in Cairo. To these months he now looks back as the turning point of his life. While in Abyssinia he had met with the missionary Isenberg, but after an angry discussion with him he had driven him by rude force out of the country. Hearing that the Rev. Mr. Kruze, of the same society, was holding night-meetings in Cairo, M. went resolved to “shut his mouth and break up the meetings.” Matters turned out differently from what he anticipated. After a few meetings he became interested, then he began to read some books given him by Kruze. Being passionately fond of history, he set to with great gusto to read a small church history printed in Arabic at the Malta press. This book became the means of his conversion. “Doctrines sealed by the blood of these Waldensian, Albigensian, Bohe¬ mian and Huguenot martyrs must be true.” He left for the convent of Nitria, and remained there for seven long years^ reading, praying, meditating and struggling. All this time he kept up an epistolary correspondence with Mr. Kruze, and two or three friends whom he first met at Mr. K.’s meet¬ ings. In 1854 or ’5 one of these letters fell into the hands of the Patriarch Cyril. He at once sent for him and told him if he valued his life to leave the country within the space of seven days. Towards the close of the week the patriarch was sum¬ moned by Saeed Pasha to Alexandria. M. ventured out of his hiding place. He was seized by two men and carried into the presence of the Metran Butrus, the patriarch’s dep¬ uty, severely bastinadoed, and ordered to leave Egypt forth¬ with. He fled to Jerusalem. Bishop Gobat gave him letters to Dr. Philip, of the Jewish Mission at Alexandria, and told him to go back to Egypt without fear. Dr. Philip told him of the arrival of American missionaries in Cairo, and gave him a letter to Mr. Martin. Through Mr. Martin (who re¬ fused to believe him to be a sincere convert) he heard of Dr. Barnett. After a few days’ search he found out Dr. Barnett’s house. He remained with him three years without salary. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 687 living all the time on the charity of his enlightened Coptic friends. (Mr. Kruze had gone to Jaffa several years before). In 1858 Dr. Lansing advised the brethren in Cairo to allow him a small salary of $4 per month. He was the first man admitted to communion by the Cairo missionaries. Most of the first members were brought to the meetings through his instrumentality. In 1859 went to Alexandria, and was employed by Dr. Lansing as a Bible reader in the bookshop, hospital, prison, etc. He also got a good deal of private instruction from the missionary, besides attending his Bible-class regularly. In i860-’I he accompanied the late Lord Aberdeen (then Lord Haddo) in a tour of Bible distribution, of which a full account is given in Lord Haddo’s memoirs, and he is the Father Mak- hiel of Dr. Lansing’s “Egypt’s Princes.” In 1866 he was sent to labor as a preacher in the town of Koos, after having assisted Dr. Watson, at Alexandria, for two or three years, on the removal of Dr. Hogg to Cairo, (August, 1862.) On the 20th of Feb., 1867, he was ordained at Cairo to the office of the ministry. Dr. Barnett, who had shortly before returned after four years’ absence, officiated on this occasion. Messrs. Hogg and Currie were appointed to install him over the pastoral charge of the congregation of Koos, but owing to the persecutions that ensued on his return to Koos, his in¬ stallation was never effected. Owing to failing health and divisions in the congregation he was transferred from Koos, first to Zakazeeg in June, 1869, and then to Mansoora Dec. i, of the same year. Here he remained, assisting Dr. Watson and supplying the station in his absence, until the spring of 1873, after which he re¬ mained in sole charge of this station until the arrival of the Rev. A. M. Nichol, Dec. 8, 1875, when he was transferred to Boolac, a suburb of Cairo, where he gathered a congrega¬ tion, chiefly composed of poor people from Upper Egypt, over whom he was installed as pastor in 1881. Here he died May 24, 1883. REV. TADRUS YOOSEF: Born in the city of Cairo in 1840; received the elements of 688 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. a literary education in the Coptic school established by the Patriarch Cyril, who was himself a pupil of Mr. Lieder of the Church Missionary Society. Taught for some time in the Coptic school, and on the death of the patriarch in 1862, the school having been closed for want of funds to carry it on, he was appointed head teacher in our mission school at Cairo. In 1864 the new patriarch, (Demetrius,) who had received a subvention of 1,500 acres from Ismail Pasha, in order to en¬ able him to employ teachers of the highest class, and thus obviate the necessity of the Copts sending their children to the American school, offered Tadrus Yoosef triple the salary which he was then receiving, and the position of head master in his school. He refused the tempting offer, and became in consequence the butt of the persecution which ensued on the failure of all their other efforts to break up the mission school. He vras admitted to the membership of the evangelical church in the autumn of 1862; was a member of the informal theological class opened by Dr. Hogg in 1863; took a leading part in the district nightly meetings, which were instituted to countercheck the movements of the patriarch; studied with Drs. Lansing and Hogg until Feb., 1865, when the latter re¬ moved to Asyoot, and the seminary was broken up for a time; assisted Messrs. Ewing and Harvey for eleven months (1866) in opening a new mission in the province of the Fayoom, and in the resumption of the theological class, and its transference to Asyoot, (Feb. 3, 1867,) he removed thither with his family, and remained there in the double capacity of student and as¬ sistant teacher until the i6th of Mar., 1870, when he was licensed by the Presbytery of Egypt, and sent to labor in the town of Nakhayleh, where a small congregation had been formed chiefly though his own evangelistic labor while at¬ tending the seminary. Over this, his first and only charge, he was ordained and installed on Nov. i, 1871. He was the first native clerk of Presbytery, an office whieh he held for four years, and is now a member of the committee of evangeli¬ zation and station supervision. He is extremely short¬ sighted, and is in danger of losing his sight entirely. REV. SHENOODEH HANNA: Son of Mr. Hanna Ishac, a man of position and influence BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 689 in the town and district of Asyoot; was born in Asyoot on the i6th of Jan., 1855; received the first elements of his educa¬ tion in the Coptic school, where he remained about six years. Gifted with a good voice and a musical ear, he became a great favorite with the bishop and clergy on account of his profi¬ ciency in reading and chanting the parts of the Coptic service usually assigned to boys under the age of puberty. He was one of the few Asyoot boys who braved for a time the local opposition against the mission school opened by Dr. Hogg in Mar., 1865, but after remaining about one year he was, during Dr. H.’s absence in Scotland, withdrawn by his father and sent to the opposition school started by the Copts, where he remained three years, studying English, French, grammar, geography, arithmetic, &c., and was generally con¬ sidered the dux of the school. During this period he was a frequent visitor at the mission house, and ultimately became deeply interested in divine things. All the usual methods of opposition and petty presecufion were employed against the youthful convert in intensified forms, but at last his prayers and ours were answered; his father gave him permission to return to the mission school. “After my return to the American school,” he says, “I spent six and a third years in literary and scientific studies, such as arithmetic, algebra, geometry, natural philosophy, moral science, logic and Eng¬ lish, besides completing my studies in grammar, geography, &c., and also in theological studies, including also Hebrew and Greek. Our studies were all conducted at Asyoot, ex¬ cept two summer sessions in theology at Ramleh.” He was admitted to membership in 1868; licensed on 26th Mar., 1875; ordained and installed over the congregation of Sinnoris on the 13th Feb., 1876; was Moderator of Presby¬ tery in 1880, and in Mar., 1881, was chosen clerk of Presby¬ tery for a period of four years. On the day when he was licensed his father, (since deceased,) who together with his whole family had been won over by Shenoodeh to 'the evangelical faith, reminded Dr. Hogg that when S. was still a little boy of ten years of age he (Dr. H.) had patted him on the shoulder and said to him on hearing of his popularity as a reader in the Coptic church, “ My son. 690 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. I hope to live to hear you preach the gospel from an evangeli¬ cal pulpit.” He has a good knowledge of English, and is a great admirer of Mr. Spurgeon, and a student of his works. REV. GIRGIS RAFAEEE: Born at Moteah, in the province of Asyoot, in 1851; re¬ ceived the elements of a Coptic education in the village school; entered the mission school at Asyoot when fourteen years of age. In Mar., 1867, was summoned before the patriarch Demetrius and ordered to leave the mission school and enter the opposition school established by the bishop of Asyoot, but stoutly refused to do so, even when threatened with the bastinado; joined the church in 1868 or 1869. After a course of ten years’ study at Asyoot (including two summer sessions at Ramleh) he was licensed Mar. 26, 1875, and or¬ dained and installed Ap. 22, 1876, over the congregation at Mellawi, where he had labored with great acceptance during several successive vacations of the seminary. The station at Beyadeeyeh, opened by him, is also under his pastoral charge. He was for several years a member of the committee of evangelization and station supervision, and by order of Presbytery he has written a tract on Family Religion, which was published. He became a Plymouthite and was sus¬ pended from the ministry in 1884. REV. IBRAHEEM YOOSEF: Born at Cairo Dec. 30, 1844; all his brothers and sisters died in childhood; was converted in 1859 under the ministra¬ tions of Messrs. McCague and Barnett; attended the patri¬ archal school for four years, when he learned to read in Ara¬ bic and English; joined the mission school at Cairo in 1858. In Oct., i860, he was left in Asyoot by Mr. McCague to open a mission school, but failed, owing to the opposition of the Coptic schoolmasters; taught for a few months at Benisooef, and then returned to Cairo, where he remained, (with the exception of three months spent at Asyoot in the summer of 1865,) in the double capacity of teacher and student, till Mar., 1867, when he went to finish his theological course at Asyoot; there he was licensed Mar. 16, 1870. In 1871 he was called BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 691 to the pastoral charge of the Cairo congregation, but owing to ill health and certain scruples he did not feel free to accept the call. He continued to labor as a licentiate in Cairo, (and for a short time in the Fayoom,) as far as his health would allow, till 1874, when he turned aside for a time to secular employment. In Ap., 1875, a call was presented to him by the congregation of Asyoot. There being a large minority in favor of another candidate he did not accept the call at first, but consented eventually to labor amongst them as a licentiate for a specified term. After tedious delays, chiefly due to the discouraging state of his health, the call was renewed and ultimately accepted. His ordination and installation took place on the 17th of Oct, 1879. He has a good knowledge of English and has translated several works, one of which, “An Exposition of the Parables,’’ has been published. He acted for two years as clerk of the committee of evangelization and station supervision, though not himself a member of the committee. REV. ISCAROS MASAOOD: Born in the spring of 1848 at Sahil Seleen, a village oppo¬ site Abooteej, in the Povince of Asyoot. His father owned a small farm; learned to read in the village school; attended the mission school at Asvoot from its first establishment in the spring of 1865, and joined the theological class in Mar., 1867. A few months after this he with three of his companions “ sent in to the Deputy Governor of the Province a written complaint of force and wrongs committed against them and their parents by sub-officials of the government, to force them to leave the American and go to the Coptic school. The young men were summoned before the deputy, when, under threatening, three of them agreed to go to the Coptic school. Iscaros refused, when he was threatened with conscription into the army and the forced labor, and was then bastinadoed until, in going from the court to the prison, the blood was seen to ooze from his shoes. He was kept in prison three days, when, still proving incorrigable, he was released.’’ (Ninth Ann. Report.) He joined the church at Asyoot in 1868. After ten years of literary and theological study (in¬ cluding two summer sessions at Ramleh), he was licensed at 692 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. Asyoot on the 26th of Mar., 1875. He was ordained at Asyoot on the 17th of Oct., 1879, installed over the con¬ gregation of Benoob on the 19th of the same month. His pastoral charge includes the mission station at Maasera. EL MIZZEEKY, MIKHAEEL: Son of the Coptic priest in Jawilly; was ordained Ap. 7, 1882, and has been pastor at Jawilly since ordination. OBAID, GIRGIS*: A native of Nakhaleh; was thoroughly educated at Asyoot, and ordained Ap. 7, 1882; pastor at Ekhmeem from ordina¬ tion, and died Mar. 16, 1883, aged about 30 years. BUTRUS, DIONYSIUS: Ordained May i, 1882, as pastor at Luxor; became a Ply- mouthite, and was suspended from the ministry in Mar., 1885. BISHAI, HANNA: Was educated at Asyoot, and ordained in Nov., 1885, as pastor at Minieh. BISHAI, MIKHAEEL: Was educated at Asyoot, and ordained in Mar., 1885, as pastor at Beni Adi. TANYOOS, IBRAHEEM: Was educated at Asyoot, and ordained in Mar., 1885, as pastor at Moteah and Bakore. ANSHALIAN, GIRGIS: Was born in Armenia, and was partly educated in Turkey, and partly in the U. S.; went to Egypt in Nov., 1885, and was ordained Ap. 27, 1886, as pastor at Koos. NATIVE MISSIONARIES IN INDIA.* SCOTT, GEORGE W. (his Christian name): Brother of E. P. Swift; was born about 1828 in northern India; was educated in the Orphanage of the Presbyterian mission at Saharanpur, and studied theology under the care of the Associate Presbytery of Sialkot, and was ordained Jan. 7, 1859, by the same. He performed the duties of an evan¬ gelist, under the direction of the Presbytery, until his death, * Prepared by the late Rev. A. Gordon, of Gurdaspur, India, BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 693 which occurred Dec. 30, 1868. A man of faith and of works, as the following narrative of a youthful adventure abundantly shows: Some time about the year 1850 a lady in England contrib¬ uted a liberal sum of money to print Bibles in the language of the Afghans. These Bibles were sent to the care of Col. Wheeler, an English officer stationed at Peshawar, on the northwest frontier of India. Col. Wheeler asked Scott to find, if possible, some person who would take the Bibles into Afghanistan, but after much effort no one could be induced for any consideration to risk his life in such a business. Merchants were coming and going with other wares, but to carry Bibles, or identify themselves in any way with the Christian faith, was a hazard which no one would take. Jews, Hindoos, Mohammedans and Christians alike refused. At length Scott offered himself, saying, “This is God’s own work, and I feel that I can trust my life in His hand.” Col. W. objected at first on account of Scott’s youth and want of experience, but both made supplication to the Eord for direc¬ tion. Scott continued firm in his resolution. The boxes of books were loaded on mules, and reached Cabool, the capital, through a rugged mountain pass of the Sulainarri range. Here he took a room in a caravansary and begun to preach and offer his Bibles. He was soon arrested, stripped of all he possessed, brought before the king (Dart Muhammad Khan) and required to profess the Muhammadan faith or be put to death. Scott said he would do as they wished if they would first convince him that their faith was right and his wrong, for what good was there in confessing with the lips only ? They then called in a learned man with whom he was required to debate, and who began to attack the doctrine of Christ’s divinity. Scott’s answer to his first argument was such that the great men of the king’s palace admitted their own champion to be fairly beaten, and the debate ceased. Scott was in prison for several days and became dangerously ill. After further consultations among themselves, some wishing to release him, others counseling to kill him, they finally agreed, partly on account of his youth and partly be¬ cause they thought he would die of his sickness, to release 694 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. him. A guard of two soldiers was sent to escort him back to Peshawar. This is said to have been the first introduction of Bibles into Cabool. They were handsomely bound, and Scott always believed they would be preserved and read. SWIFT, ELISHA P. (his Christian name), RAM CHAND*: Was born in 1825, Gwalior, North India; was educated at the Orphanage of the Presbyterian mission at Saharanpur, and studied theology under the direction of the Asso. Pres, of Sialkot, by which he was ordained Jan. 7, 1839, and labored as an evangelist, and was regarded as the most elo¬ quent bazaar preacher in the Punjaub. He was long stationed at Gujranwala, and died there Aug. 16, 1887, of blood poison¬ ing from carbuncles. THAKUR, GEORGE LAWRENCE: Was born at Lucknow, and was educated at the Orphanage school at Gujranwala, and studied theology under the direc¬ tion of the United Presbyterian Pres, of Sialkot; was licensed Dec. 27, 1875, by the Sialkot Pres., and ordained Dec. 28, 1877, by the same. Is now stationed at Pasroor, in the Pun¬ jaub. Publications: A large controversial work in defence of the Bible, entitled Izhar-i-Isaioi; a series of articles on the “Philosophy of Revelation,” published in a native news¬ paper, the Safir-i~Hind; a series of articles on “ The Unnec¬ essariness of the Koran,” published in another native paper. (See Gordon’s Our India Mission, page 391.) PAUL NASARALI: Ordained Oct, 1885, by Sialkot Pres. JOHN CLEMENT: Ordained Ap. 23, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. ISA BHAJNA: Ordained Ap. 23, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. SABUR MASIH: Ordained Ap. 23, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. IMAM-UL-DIN: Ordained Ap. 23, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. KARM DAD: Ordained Oct. 14, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 695 ABDULLAH: Ordained Oct. 14, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. HAMID-UL-DIN: Ordained Oct. 14, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. J. W. SWEET: Ordained Oct. 14, 1886, by Sialkot Pres. JIWAN MAL: Ordained Ap. 7, 1887, by Sialkot Pres. BOARD OF MISSIONS TO THE FREEDMEN. The late civil war at its very incipiency began to interfere with the institution of slavery in the border States, and large numbers of those who hitherto had been slaves were thrown upon their own resources, and generally under perplexing and adverse circumstances. Their condition appealed strongly to the sympathy and charity of the north, and in various ways relief was promptly afforded. United Presbyterians, in ac¬ cordance with their anti-slavery principles, were among the first to look after these waifs and “contrabands,” and to de¬ vise ways and means for their temporal and spiritual improve¬ ment. Their altered circumstances were so sudden and unex¬ pected that the church had neither time nor opportunity for consulting and moving as a whole, so the work began in a fragmentary way and in different localities. Presbyteries here and there appointed missionaries to go into Tennessee and down the Mississippi river, where they would be covered by the arms of the U. S., and by preaching and teaching and various acts of loving kindness to do what they could to pre¬ pare the freedmen for their new position, so that they might be qualified for its duties and profited by its increased priv¬ ileges. The General Assembly in 1862 resolved, “That in our opinion the providence of God is calling us to enter upon the fields of missionary labor among the people of our southern coast, in places where the power of slavery, which once drove us away from the south, is now broken, and where it is im¬ portant that the anti-slavery churches of the land should 696 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. establish themselves as a means of securing freedom of speech and promoting the interests of truth and righteousness in those parts of our country.” Suitable teachers and ministers were asked to volunteer to go as laborers in such places as may be selected, and a special fund was created to meet the expenses of the undertaking. The field widened with the progress of the war, and the Christian duty to enter and occupy became more positive and imperative, so in 1863 the General Assembly established a Board of Missions to the Freedmen^ which was incorporated in 1868 by the Legislature of Pennsylvania. The charter declares “That the object of said corporation shall be to educate the freedmen of the south in secular and religious knowledge, by establishing and sup¬ porting schools and churches among them, and by such other means as are appropriate to missionary operations.” The U. S. government established at different places “con¬ traband camps,” into which fugitive slaves were gathered and fed and made useful in various ways until society would so settle down that they could scatter and find places and ways to support themselves. The Board selected these camps as the first field of operations, and to five or six of them sent bands of laborers, each of which consisted of an ordained minister, a male assistant, and four or five female teachers. Goodrich’s Landing, in Louisiana, Vicksburg and Davis Bend, in Mississippi, Memphis, Nashville and Knoxville, in Tennessee, were first selected. The means employed were preaching and ordinary religious missionary labors, and day schools and night schools and Sabbath schools. These camps were but temporary collections, were con¬ stantly changing, and finally abolished; so the Board had to change its locations to suit this shifting condition of affairs. As society settled down and became fixed, the operations of the Board became geographically contracted but more per¬ manent in their character. A number of congregations were regularly organized, most of which still exist, while others have dissolved because of the changing and transient character of their members. But greater attention has been given to the matter of education, under the conviction that as the United Presbyterian Church has not the means to sup- BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 697 port a large number of missionaries in this field, it can work more efficaciously by training up well educated teachers and preachers, so that they may bring their advanced thought and culture to bear upon the improvement and elevation of their race. For the accomplishment of this purpose a Normal school was established at Knoxville, Tenn., which has finally grown into a regular college, with a pretty full course in languages and the sciences, and a theological department. The college, with the preparatory department, had 316 names on its roll during the winter of 1886-7, many of whom spend a part of the year in teaching, so that the institution has be¬ come a positive power in the social and intellectual elevation of the colored race. Thirty were enrolled in the theological class during the winter of 1880-81. Some of these were licensed ministers in the colored churches, who were greatly profited by even a short course of systematic and thorough instruction. Missions with large and flourishing schools are also carried on at Chase City and Blue Stone, in Mecklenburgh Co., Va. There is also one in Norfolk, Va., with a large building and some 900 enrolled scholars. BOARD OF CHURCH EXTENSION. One of the greatest obstacles in the way of establishing new congregations in the newer sections of our country is the dif¬ ficulty in procuring a comfortable building. The members are few and rarely rich, and can contribute but little to this object, so they must either labor on with the inconvenience and hindrance of having no building, and shift as they can, or provide themselves with a house of worship at the risk of burdening themselves and impeding their progress with a debt. To obviate these embarrassments as much as possible, the General Assembly in 1859 established a Board of Church Extension, which was incorporated in 1871 by the Legisla¬ ture of Pennsylvania. According to its constitution “ the special objects of this Board shall be to aid mission stations and congregations to obtain suitable houses of worship. It 44 698 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. shall have power to make appropriations of money, either as donations or as loans for a definite time; to authorize special contributions for particular parts of its work; to hold funds and property absolutely or in trust for congregations; to in¬ stitute legal proceedings, in behalf of the United Presbyter¬ ian Church, to prevent the alienation of or to recover funds and property for which contributions have been made by the Board, or by the Church at large, and to do such other things as may be necessary for the accomplishment of its object; but the appropriations of each year shall not exceed the amount authorized by the General Assembly for that year, and only such property shall be held as may be necessary for the legi¬ timate purposes of the Board.” The assistance given is either in the form of a loan for a definite period, with or without interest, or an absolute gift. In either case the appropriation is made upon the application of the Presbytery to which the congregation belongs, and to an amount not exceeding one-third the cost of the house, and to no congregation where the building costs over $20,000. The conditions of all appropriations are, that the property shall be held in fee simple; that a mortgage shall be given for the loan or donation securing the repayment of the money, with interest, in case the congregation shall fail or shall cease to be connected with the United Presbyterian Church, or shall alienate or encumber the property without the consent of the Board, and that ordinarily the appropriation shall leave the property free from debt except to the Board. Many congregations have been saved from disbanding and helped to become substantial and efficient societies by the timely aid bestowed by this Board. By making new con¬ gregations more quickly self-supporting and contributing churches, this Board saves to the home mission funds a larger amount of money every year than is expended in help to build houses. It has already assisted nearly 300 congrega¬ tions in the erection of church buildings. BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 699 BOARD OF PUBLICATION. Believing that it is the duty of the Church to use the press as well as the living preacher to instruct the edify all to whom she has access, the General Assembly in 1859 established a Board of Publication, which, in 1863, was incorporated by the Legislature of Pennsylvania. The object of this Board is two-fold: “ First, to purchase or print and circulate the Holy Scriptures, or parts of the Holy Scriptures, in the authorized version, together with the Psalms in metre, according to the version approved by the United Presbyterian Church. Sec¬ ond, to select and publish such tracts, papers, periodicals and books as shall be a sound and suitable religious literature for Sabbath schools, ministers, congregations and the community at large, and to take such measures as may be necessary for the distribution and circulation of the same.” It has gradually and steadily increased in the number and range of its publications, until it now issues Bibles and Testa¬ ments and Psalm-books in various sizes; the Psalter, or Psalms set to music; the Bible Songs, or selections from the Psalms set to music for the Sabbath school; miscellaneous religious books, both original and reprints, and original tracts. It has also become the owner and publisher of the Evangeli-^ cal Repository^ a monthly magazine of thirty-two pages, for general religious reading; the Bible Teacher^ a Sabbath- school monthly of thirty-two pages, for teachers; the Lesson Quarterly^ of thirty-two pages, for scholars; the Olive Plantsy an illustrated weekly, for little ones; the Youth's Evangelisty a weekly illustrated paper for children, and the Young Chris¬ tian^ a semi-monthly paper for advanced scholars. It also publishes monthly lesson papers and illuminated lesson cards for primary classes. The Board is in possession of a large and commodious publication house, situated on Ninth street, Pittsburgh, Pa., and is more than self-sustaining in the com¬ mercial part of its business, and supplements the charitable contributions of the Church. 700 BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. BOARD OF EDUCATION. To encourage pious young men to enter the ministry and to get the benefit of their time in the ministry which would be consumed in efforts to procure the means for their education, the General Assembly in 1859 established a Board of Educa¬ tion, which was incorporated in 1876 in the State of Illinois. The design of the Board is “to cherish and diffuse an educa¬ tional spirit throughout the Church, to cooperate with Pres¬ byteries and Synods and the Assembly in the establishment of institutions of learning, and to assist in the education of pious and promising young men for the ministry.” The beneficiary must apply through his Presbytery and get its certificate to the facts that he intends to enter the ministry; that he possesses hopeful piety; that his talents are such as to qualify him for usefulness in the ministry, and that he needs the sum asked. The grant has been reduced so that it must not exceed one hundred dallars per session, and the fol¬ lowing obligation must be given : “I have received from the Board of Education of the United Presbyterian Church of North America-dollars; and I hereby agree that if do not in due course of time enter the ministry of the United Presbyterian Church, or do at any time voluntarily abandon the same, the sum above mentioned shall. then become due and payment at the pleasure of the Board, with interest at the rate of six per cent, per annum from date.” Users of tobacco receive no aid. BOARD OF MINISTERIAE RELIEF. In 1862 the General Assembly ordered the establishment of a fund for the support of aged and infirm ministers, and in 1864 it was extended in its benefactions so as to include indi¬ gent widows and their families. Its management was placed in the hands of the Board of Trustees of the General Assem¬ bly. The whole scheme was remodeled in 1873, and changed to a Board of Ministerial Relief, which, in 1875, was incor¬ porated by the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia, Pa. The single object of this Board is the relief of disabled and BOARDS OF THE CHURCH. 701 superannuated ministers and the widows and orphans of deceased ministers of the United Presbyterian Church. This relief is granted only to ministers who are in good standing in the United Presbyterian Church, and to the families in said church of ministerswho were in such standing at the time of their decease, and ordinarily relief is not extended to children over sixteen years of age. All applications must be made through the Presbytery in the bounds of which the minister or the family resides. Thus far the Board has been able to give relief to all its applicants, and from special donations to accumulate an endowment fund. 702 THEOLOGICAI. SEMINARIES. Theological Seminaries. THE SEMINARY AT XENIA, OHIO. HE early fathers of the United Presbyterian Church soon 1 comprehended the needy condition of their wide field of labor, and fully realized the necessity of training up a minis¬ try at home, and thus supplement what they could get from abroad. As early as 1764 the Associate Pres, of Pennsylvania petitioned the Synod in Scotland to send them some one qualified to teach the “languages and philosophy.” While this showed their earnestness, it was not necessary, for their own John Mason had only three years previously been Mon- crieff’s assistant in Divinity Hall; but the Synod had no men of age and acknowledged learning to send. Its missionaries were young men whose reputation was yet to be established. Neither were there any actual students to call for such a teacher. The first student for the ministry was David Annan, and he was graduated at Queen’s College, New Brunswick, N. J., and studied theology with his brother Robert. The next was William Morrison, who finished his classical course under private teachers after the breaking out of the revolu¬ tionary war had closed Princeton College. He, too, studied theology with Dr. Robert Annan, and both these young men/ were licensed by the Associate Pres, of New York. ^ The demand soon produced a supply, and classical schools sprung up in many localities and a few colleges were already established. The most urgent necessity was provision for theological training, and as Dr. Annan had attended to this in the Pres, of New York, the Pres, of Pennsylvania in 1778 appointed the Rev. John Smith, of Octoraro, Lancaster Co., “to direct the studies of such young men as were pre¬ paring to pursue their studies with a view to the holy minis¬ try.” But he passed into the Associate Reformed Church at the union of 1782, and the residuary Presbytery was so re- THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 703 duced by that event that there was no felt necessity for any theological instructor for a number of years. On the 2ist of Ap., 1794, the Associate Presbytery of Penn¬ sylvania elected the Rev. John Anderson as its teacher in divinity. He was then, and had been for two years, pastor of the congregations of Mill Creek and Harmon’s Creek in Beaver Co., Pa., with the option of locating the seminary to suit his convenience. He selected Service, and a two-story log-building was erected near his house for the accommoda¬ tion of the students, and about eight hundred valuable books were collected as the foundation of a library. The most of of these were donated by Associate brethren in Scotland. The course extended over four years, with one term during the winter season. The number of students present varied from five to ten. The Professor’s chief employment was the reading of lectures founded upon March’s Theologies, These he expanded at.every repetition, until they became so voluminous that he was not able to finish them during the four years of his last class, although he read for four hours on each of four days of every week of the four sessions. Some Hebrew and New Testament exegesis were taught, but nothing on Biblical Literature or Ecclesiastical History. Didactic and Polemic Theology constituted in reality the course of study. In 1818 Dr Anderson resigned because of the infirmities of age, and in 1819 the Synod, to save the traveling expenses of the students, resolved to divide the seminary into an eastern and a western hall. In 1820 Dr. J. Banks was chosen Professor of the Eastern Hall, and Philadelphia, where he resided, was made its location. In 1821 Canonsburg was selected as the side of the Western Hall, and Dr. J. Ramsay as its professor. In 1826 Dr. Banks died, and the Synod united the seminaries into one, under Dr. Ramsay, at Canonsburg. A professor¬ ship of Biblical Literature and Church History was instituted in 1833, and the Rev. D. Carson elected to fill the chair. He resigned his charge in Tennessee in the spring of 1834, and moved his family to Canonsburg, but before the opening of the next session he died. In 1835 the Rev, Dr. T. Bev¬ eridge was chosen as Mr. Carson’s successor. In 1841 -Dr. Ramsay resigned, and Dr. J. Martin of Albany, N. Y., was 704 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. made his successor the following year. He died in 1846, and in 1847 Anderson was chosen to the chair in theology. When he died, in 1855, Dr. S. Wilson, of Xenia, was elected his successor, and in the autumn of that year the seminary was removed to Xenia, Ohio. In 1858 Dr. J. Clokey, of Springfield, O., was chosen Prof, of Pastoral Theology, and in 1871 Dr. Beveridge resigned. In 1872 Dr. W. Bruce of Baltimore was elected as a pro¬ fessor, and in 1873 Drs. J. G. Carson, J. B. McMichael and W. G. Moorhead were added, and Dr. Wilson was made emeritus Professor. Dr. Clokey resigned in 1874, and Dr. McMichael in 1878, and was succeeded by Dr. J. Harper. In 1874 the Seminary of the Northwest, at Monmouth, Ill., was consolidated with this one at Xenia. The seminary is partly endowed, has a fair library and a large oomfortable building, which contains lecture rooms for the professors and dormi¬ tories for the students. PROFESSORS. Elected. 1794. John Anderson, D. D. . . Resigned, 1818. 1820. John Banks, D. D.Died April 10, 1826. 1821. James Ramsay, D. D. . . . Resigned, 1841. 1833. David Carson .Died September 25, 1834. 1835. Thomas Beveridge, D. D . Resigned, 1871. 1841. James Martin, D. D. . . . Died June 15, 1846. 1847. Abraham Anderson, D. D. Died May 9, 1855. 1855. Samuel Wilson, D. D. . . Retired emeritus, 1873. 1858. Joseph Clokey, D. D. . . . Resigned, 1874. 1872. William Bruce, D. D. . . Died November 10, 1880. 1873. Jackson B.M’ Michael, D.D.Resigned, 1878. 1873. James Gillespie Carson, D.D., PROFESSOR OF HOMILETICS AND PASTORAL THEOLOGY. 1873. William Gallogly Moorhead, D. D., PROFESSOR OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE. 1879. James Harper, D. D., DL. D., PRESIDENT AND PROFESSOR OF THEOLOGY AND HEBREW. 1885. David MacDill, D. D., PROFESSOR OF APOLOGETICS AND ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT. THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 705 THE SEMINARY AT NEWBURGH. The Rev. John Smith, of Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa., was appointed by the Associate Presbytery of Pennsylvania to direct the studies of young men studying for the ministry. This he continued to do for eight or ten years after the organ¬ ization of the Associate Reformed Church. The Rev. Alex. Dobbin, of Gettysburg, was also designated as a suitable teacher in languages and theology. He established the first classical school west of the Susquehanna river, and was espe¬ cially distinguished for his knowledge of Hebrew. Quite a number of Presbyterian ministers, as well as Asso. Ref., pur¬ sued their studies with him. The Rev. John Jamieson, of Westmoreland Co., was also appointed to take charge of western students. These, however, were expedients to meet emergencies, and did not give complete satisfaction. It was felt that the rapid improvement in society called for some¬ thing better. Hence, in 1796, the Asso. Ref. Synod passed an “Act concerning a Synodical Fund.’’ One of the objects of this fund, the act declares, was “assisting pious youth, who, from poverty, cannot comfortably and successfully pursue their studies; and the establishment of a Professorship of Theology for the instruction of such as design the holy min¬ istry. These are objects which the Synod has deeply at heart, and which are closely connected with the credit of religion and the prosperity of truth.” In the colonial period the entire supply of ministers had been drawn from Scotland and Ireland, bnt after the estab¬ lishment of Independence the supply cased to a great extent, for the Asso. Ref. Church was regarded as an American church, and was not looked upon kindly by its former Anti¬ burgher brethren, and none but Burghers now came to its fold. Vacancies were increasing altogether too rapidly for the few ministers they were able to train up in their irregular method. So in 1801 the Synod concluded that something positive and effectual must be done, and resolved to send a minister to Great Britain, as a Synodic agent, to procure a number of ministers, and more especially to solicit donations of money and books for the erection of a Theological Semi- 7o6 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. nary with a suitable library. The Rev. John M. Mason was chosen by ballot to go on this important mission. He sailed in July, i8oi, and returned in Sept., 1802. He collected about $5,000, the most of which he expended for books to be placed in the Seminary library. The Rev. Messrs. Calder- head, Scrimgeour, Easton, Forrest, Laurie and Bishop, of the Burgher Church of Scotland, also returned with him. The first meeting of the General Synod, held at Greencastle, Pa., in 1804, elected Dr. John M. Mason the first Professor, and in 1805 ^ constitution and course of study were adopted, in which it is provided that “the Scriptures themselves shall be the great subject of study,” and that “the period of study shall be four years, and the session shall continue for seven months successively.” On the first Monday of Nov., 1805, the Seminary opened in the city of New York with eight students. Two of these were from New York, two from Kentucky, and four from Pennsylvania. In 1809 the Rev. James M. Matthews was elected Professor of Biblical Literature and Church History, and so continued until 1818. In 1820 Dr. Alex. Proudfit was chosen Assistant Professor, but retained the position only a year. Because of broken health Dr. Mason resigned in 1821, and the Seminary was suspended. Ninety-six young men pursued their theological studies in whole or in part in the Seminary during the sixteen years it was under Dr. Mason’s control. In the plan of union with the Presbyterian Church in 1822 it was stipulated that “the Theological Seminar^" at Prince¬ ton, nnder the care of the General Assembly, and the Theo¬ logical Seminary of the Associate Reformed Church should be consolidated, and that the Theological Library and funds belonging to the Associate Reformed Church shall be trans¬ ferred and belong to the Seminary at Princeton.” The Synod of New York did not recognize the validity of this union, and continued its organization as a supreme judicatory, and in 1829 resuscitated the Seminary at Newburgh, N. Y., with the Rev. Joseph McCarrell as Professor. It opened on the first Monday of Oct., 1829, with three students. Applica¬ tion was made in 1831 and 1832 to the General Assembly for THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 707 the restoration of the library and funds transferred to Prince¬ ton in 1822, but without success. Suit was then commenced in the Court of Chancery of the State of New Jersey, and in 1837 the Chancellor decided in the Synod’s favor, and the trustees at Princeton returned about 2,500 volumes of books and $2,000 of money, all of which was removed to Newburgh. To render the Seminary more permanent and useful, a large stone edifice was commenced in 1837 and finished in 1839* It is situated on a hill, and is surrounded by ample grounds, and occupies one of the most beautiful and commanding po¬ sitions on the banks of the Hudson. The Rev. J. Forsyth, D. D., was Professor of Biblical Literature and Church History from 1837 to 1842, and again from 1852 to 1858. The Rev. D. L. Proudfit was Professor of the Oriental Languages from 1838 to 1840. In 1858 the operations of the Seminary were suspended, and as it was in the hands of the residuary party that would not go into the union of 1858, suit for its possession was entered in the Su¬ preme Court of the State of New York, and in 1861 Judge Emott decided that the union had not destroyed the identity and integrity of the Associate Reformed Synod, and remanded the property accordingly. In 1865 the Synod resolved to open the Seminary, and on the first Tuesday of Oct., 1867, opera¬ tions were commenced, with the Rev. Dr. J. B. Dales, of Philadelphia, and the Rev. Dr. J. Harper, of New York, as the Professors, and nine students in attendance during the session. Dr. R. Stewart was elected in 1873 and Dr. Dales resigned in 1876. The operations of the Seminary were again suspended in 1878 for lack of funds. Over sixty young men enjoyed the benefit of its instruction during these eleven years, as seventy-two had done under Dr. McCarrell. PROFESSORS. Entered. 1805. John M. Mason, D. D.,.Resigned, 1821. 1809. James M. Matthews, D. D., . . . . Resigned, 1818. 1820. Alexander Proudfit, D. D., ... Resigned, 1821. 1829. Joseph McCarrell, D. D., .... Resigned, 1858. 1837. John Forsyth, D. D.,.Resigned, 1842. 1838. David L. Proudfit, D. D., .... Resigned, 1840. 7o8 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 1852. John Forsyth, D. D.,.Resigned, 1858. 1867. John B. Dales, D. D., Resigned, 1876. 1867. James Harper, D. D., Resigned, 1878. 1873. Robert Stewart, D. D.,.Resigned, 1878. ALLEGHENY SEMINARY. The Associate Reformed Synod of the West resolved, in May, 1825, to establish a Theological Seminary in Pittsburgh, Pa., and unanimously elected the Rev. Dr. J. Kerr, of St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pa., as its Professor, and the congrega¬ tion in that city being vacant. Dr. Kerr was chosen by it as pastor. He accepted both, and opened the Seminary in the following Dec. with three students. The enterprise gave every indication of decided success, when, on the 15th of Nov., 1829, Kerr suddenly died. The Rev. Mungo Dick, of Westmoreland Co., was appointed by the Monongahela Pres, to fill the office until more permanent arrangements could be made. In Oct., 1830, the Synod elected the Rev. Alex. Sharp, of Newville, Pa., but he declined to accept, and Mr. Dick was continued for the time. On the 19th of Oct., 1831, the Rev.*J. T. Pressly, pastor of Cedar Spring, S. C., and Professor of Theology for the Asso. Ref. Synod of the South, was unanimously elected, and in the early part of the following Jan. entered upon the duties of the office. Dur¬ ing the same year he accepted the pastorate of a new congre¬ gation in Allegheny City, and the Seminary was removed to his church. In 1835 the Rev. M. Kerr, son of the first Professor, was elected to the chair of Biblical Literature and Exegesis, but his feeble health allowed him to remain only for a single year. This chair remained vacant until 1843, when Dr. J. L. Dinwiddie was elected, but his promising career of useful¬ ness was suddenly cut short in Feb., 1846, by partial paraly¬ sis of the brain, from which he never wholly recovered. In 1847 the Rev. A. D. Clark, President of Franklin College, O., was elected, and in 1851 the Rev. D. R. Kerr was added in the department of Church History and Government. On the 13th of Aug., 1870, Dr. Pressly died, and on the 25th of THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 709 the following Oct. Dr. J. T. Cooper was chosen his successor, and on the 7th of Dec., 1875, the Rev. Dr. A. Young was elected to the chair of Pastoral Theology and Apologetics. The course of study covers three annual sessions of seven months each, and contemplates five professorships. The first. Professor Kerr, gave nearly all of his salary to found a young men’s fund in connection with the Seminary. This has been increased and has been very useful, as students in needy cir¬ cumstances could borrow from it for five years without inter¬ est. They thus received the needful help, and as it was only a friendly loan they preserved the independence of their man¬ hood. From the proceeds of a generous bequest by Thomas Hanna, an elder in the First Ch., Allegheny, a large and con. venient building has been erected, containing recitation and lecture rooms, a chapel and a library and a reading room, twenty-two suites of rooms for resident students with accommo¬ dations for two students each, with bath room, gymnasium, dining room, &c. The library is fair in size and character, and the institution is partly endowed. Nearly seven hundred young men have martriculated as students. PROFESSORS. Entered. 1825. Joseph Kerr, D. D., Died Nov. 15, 1829 1829. Mungo Dick, Temporary Professor, 1831. 1831. John Taylor Pressly, D. D., Died Aug. 13, 1870. 1835. Moses Kerr, Resigned, 1836. 1843. James Lemonte Dinwiddie, D. D., Disabled, 1846. 1847. Alexander D. Clark, D. D., Died Ap. 12, 1884. 1870. Joseph Tate Cooper, D. D., DL. D., Died Aug. 22, 1886. 1851. David Reynolds Kerr, D. D., LL. D., Died Oct. 14, 1887. 1875. Alexander Young, D. D., LL. D., Professor of Pastoral Theology and Apologetics. 1885. David A. McClenahan, A. M., Professor of Old Testament Literature and Criticism. 1886. James A. Grier, D. D., Professor of Didactic and Polemic Theology. 1886. John McNaugher, A. M., Professor of New Testament Literature and Criticism. 710 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. THE SEMINARY AT OXFORD AND MONMOUTH. The Associate Reformed Synod of the West, at its meeting in Chillicothe, O., in Oct., 1837, resolved to move its Theo¬ logical Seminary from Pittsburgh to Oxford, O., and ap¬ pointed a committee to procure a charter from the State of Ohio and make provision for the reception of the Seminary after its next session. A charter was procured, dated Jan., 16, 1838; an acre of ground was purchased in Oxford, and in connection with the congregation there a building was erected of sufficient capacity to accommodate both. This action was not kindly received by the eastern part of the church, and at the next meeting of the Synod the order to transfer was re¬ voked, and the question of the permanent location of the Seminary was transmitted to the church by overture. The propriety of dividing the Synod into two coordinate Synods was overtured at the same time. In answer to these over¬ tures the Synod at its meeting in Chillicothe in 1839 adopted a plan for dividing into two sub-Synods subordinate to a delegated General Synod, and also determined to retain the Seminary in Allegheny, and also forthwith open another Semi¬ nary in Oxford, O., and that each Synod have control of the Seminary within its boundary, and that the movable pro¬ perty of the Seminary now existing be divided equally be¬ tween the two. In the division of property, however, the Seminary building at Oxford, which had been built with funds gathered from the whole church, was offsetted against the library at Allegheny, so that no books were transferred. The Rev. J. Claybaugh, of Chillicothe, O., was unani¬ mously chosen Professor, and Professor S. W. McCracken, of Oxford, was appointed teacher of Hebrew. The session was opened in the late autumn of 1839 with a very encouraging number of students. Mr. McCracken resigned his position during the next summer, and Dr. Claybaugh remained alone until his death, which occurred on the 9th of Sept., 1855. The Board of Superintendents provided for the approaching session by the temporary appointment of the Rev. A. Aten as Prof, of Theology, the Rev. W. Davidson as Prof, of Ecclesiastical History, the Rev. J. Y. Scouller as Prof, of THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 711 Greek, and the Rev. J. H. Buchanan as Prof, of Hebrew. In 1856 the Rev. A. Young, of St. Clairsville, O., was chosen as Dr. Claybaugh’s successor. In anticipation of the union of 1858, which would give to the church four Theological Seminaries east of the State of Indiana, and none west, it was directed by the Second Synod of the West, at its meeting in Oct. 1857, to remove the Sem¬ inary during the next year to Monmouth, Illinois. And here it opened about the ist of Sept., 1858, under the care of Dr. A. Young and Dr. J. Scott, and so remained, with some assistance from Dr. A. M. Black, until 1874, when it was transferred to Xenia, and consolidated with the Seminary there. One hundred and fgur young men studied in its classes while at Oxford and Monmouth. PROFESSORS. Entered. 1839. Joseph Claybaugh, D. D. ... Died Sept. 9, 1855. 1839. Samuel W. McCracken .Resigned, 1840. 1855. Adrian Aten .Temporary, 1856. 1855. WiiLLiAM Davidson, D. D. . . . Temporary, 1857. 1855. John’Young Scouller, D. D . . Temporary, 1856. 1855. J. Hervey Buchanan .Temporary, 1856. 1856. Alexander Young, D. D., DL.D. Resigned, 1874. 1858. John Scott, D. D.Resigned, 1874. 1864. Andrew M. Black, D. D. ... Resigned, 1872. 712 COLLEGES. Colleges. I N the early history of our church, after she began to edu¬ cate her ministers at home, instead of importing them from Scotland, her students received their literary training gener¬ ally in the nearest or most convenient college. First among these, and mainly for a time, was Dickinson College at Car¬ lisle, Pa.; then Columbia College in New York city, and the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, and Union Col¬ lege at Schenectady, N. Y., and Transylvania University at Uexington, Ky. When the church began to increase rapidly in the West, Jefferson College, at Canonsburg, Pa., and Miami University, at Oxford, O., and the Western University, at Pittsburg, Pa., were principally utilized, and Franklin Col¬ lege at New Athens, O., also contributed largely. Twenty- five or thirty years ago the different religious denominations in our country began to realize the importance of training their young men during their entire course of study in institutions under their own control, and this gave rise to denominational colleges. The United Presbyterian Church has encouraged this movement, and while alumni from many institutions are entering the ministry, yet the greater portion of her junior ministers have been educated at her own colleges, or those so much under her influence as to be practically such, namely: Franklin, Muskingum, Westminster and Monmouth. FRANKLIN COLLEGE. The Rev. John Walker, who was installed in the spring ot 1815 as pastor of the Associate congregations of Unity, Mt. Pleasant and Cadiz, O., was very anxious to establish a clas¬ sical school in Harrison Co., but could find no village willing to take hold of the matter. Being a man of great enthusiasm and energy of character, he interested a neighbor whose farm COLLEGES. 713 was contiguous to his own, and they laid out a town upon the adjacent parts of their farms, called it New Athens, estab¬ lished a classical school, and employed the late Dr. Thomas Beveridge, then a student of theology, as teacher. The enterprise proved to be such a success that Mr. Walker rested not until he procured a charter for a college, and in 1825 academy opened as F^'anklin College. This institution is not, and never has been, strictly speak¬ ing, denominational, but it has been mainly under the control and patronage of the Associate, the Associate Reformed and United Presbyterian Churches, and up to 1880 had educated more of their ministers than any other single college, and about three-fourths of its alumni have entered the ministry of the various Presbyterian churches. It has graduated nearly 400 students, possesses good buildings, but is not en¬ dowed. The Rev. W. A. Williams is President. MUSKINGUM COLLEGE. Soon after the settlement of the late Benjamin Waddle, D. D., at New Concord, Muskingum Co., O., he called a meet¬ ing of the leading citizens of the neighborhood and unfolded to them the privileges and the benefits that would flow from the existence of a literary institution of high grade in their midst, and urged that in that section of Ohio there was room for a college. The result was a petition to the Legislature of Ohio for a charter, and in Mar., 1857, Muskinginii College was incorporated, classes were formed in the following Oc¬ tober, and a class was graduated in 1839. This college was not professedly denominational, for in its first board of trustees there were four of the Associate Church, four of the Associate Reformed, four of the Presbyterian (O. S.), and three of the Covenanter (O. S.) But the largest patronage coming from the United Presbyterian Church, it was put under the control of the United Presbyterian Pres¬ byteries of Mansfield and Muskingum in 1877, and they trans¬ ferred it in 1884 to the United Presbyterian Synod of Ohio. Five-eighths of the male graduates have entered the Christian ministry, and largely that of the United Presbyterian Church. 45 714 COLLEGES. It is not endowed, but its number of students is increasing and its prospects are very encouraging. The present Presi¬ dent is the Rev. J. D. Irons. WESTMINSTER COLLEGE. The Rev. George C. Vincent, D. D., conducted a Classical Academy for several years in Mercer, Pa., and then trans¬ ferred it to New Wilmington, Lawrence Co., Pa., where it was, on the 21st of Jan., 1852, by the joint resolution of the Associate Presbyteries of Shenango and Ohio, converted into a college, and in the following Mar. was incorporated by the Legislature of Pennsylvania as Westmmster College^ and graduated its first class in 1854. It has been prosperous through its whole career, and a very large proportion of its graduates have entered the Christian ministry. It is thor¬ oughly denominational but, in no sense of the word sectarian. It is partly endowed, and has for its President the Rev. Robert Gracey Ferguson, D. D. MONMOUTH COLLEGE. In the spring of 1853 Second Asso. Ref. Pres, of Illinois resolved to establish an “Academy or High School ” in Mon¬ mouth, Warren Co., Ill. Said academy was opened on the first Monday of November following, under the super\dsion of the Rev. James R. Brown. In 1855 the Presbytery made a tender of their academy to the Asso. Ref. Synod of Illinois, upon the condition that it should be raised to a college. The Synod accepted the offer, organized a faculty, and Moiimoiith College was opened, under favorable auspices, on the first Monday of Sept., 1856, under the presidency of the Rev. David A. Wallace. The institution is denominational, but free from all sectariansism. It is well housed and partly en¬ dowed, and has graduated over seven hundred of its students, more than one-third of whom have entered the Christian ministry. The Rev. Jackson Burgess IMcMichael, D. D., is President. Westminster and Monmouth have always ad¬ mitted females to equal privileges with males, and have COLLEGES. 715 graduated many of them. Franklin and Muskingum have done the same in later days. Madison College, at Antrim, O., and Washington, at Wash¬ ington, la., and Fincoln, at Greenwood, Mo., succeeded for a time, and then passed away; but others sprang up and are doing a good work—Amity at College Springs, la., and Tarkio at Tarkio, Mo., and Cooper Memorial, which is start¬ ing up with very fair prospects at Sterling, Kan. 7i6 PERIODICALS. Periodicals. THE EVANGELICAE REPOSITORY. T he late Rev. Chauncy Webster, when a printer in Albany N. Y., and a member of the Associate Church, estab¬ lished in 1824 ^ monthly magazine, entitled the “Religious Monitor, or Evangelical Repository.” It was edited by Dr. Peter Bullions and Dr. James Martin, and after Mr. Webster became a pastor in Philadelphia he conducted it himself until 1842, when it became the property of William S. Young, who shortened the title to the Evaiigelical Repository^ and had it edited by Dr. Joseph T. Cooper and the Rev. Thomas H. Beveridge and Dr. William W. Barr. The Rev. Dr. Robert Stewart became its next owner and editor for a season, and then sold it to the Board of Publication of the United Presby¬ terian Church, located in Pittsburgh, Pa., by which it is now published. THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN. This paper was first issued as a semi-monthly on the 26th of Oct., 1842, in the city of Allegheny, Pa., by Dr. J. T. Pressly, as owner and editor, under the title of The Preacher. In 1845 passed into the hands of Dr. D. R. Kerr, who transferred it to Pittsburgh, and continued it as a semi¬ monthly until the autumn of 1848, when he changed it into a weekly. In 1854 the United Presbyterian and Evangelical Guardian^ a monthly magazine, published in Cincinnaci, O., by the Rev. J. Prestley, was consolidated with it, and the name changed to the United Presbyierian. The Presbyterian Witness^ established by Rev. R. H. Pollock and others in Cincinnati in Jan., 1852, was consolidated with the United Presbyteria^i after the union of 1858. The Westmhister PERIODICALS. 717 Herald^ established in Jan., 1855, at New Wilmington, Pa., by Dr. G. C. Vincent, as a continuation of the Frie^id of Mis¬ sions^ by the Rev. Joseph Banks, was also after the union consolidated with the United Presbyterian. THE CHRISTIAN INSTRUCTOR. The Associate Reformed Synod of New York, at its meet¬ ing in June, 1844, ordered the establishment of a monthly magazine for circulation among its families, and The Christian Instructor appeared in September following, printed at New¬ burgh, N. Y., by the Rev. D. E. Proudfit, and edited by the Rev. Dr. J. Forsyth. In Oct., 1846, the Rev. J. B. Dales became owner and editor, and transferred the office of publi¬ cation to Philadelphia, Pa. On the first of July, 1859, it was changed to a weekly paper. The United Presbyterian of the West was established Jan., 1857, by the Asso. Ref. Synod of Illinois, at Monmouth, Ill., with Dr. D. McDill as editor. In the spring of 1862 this was transferred to Philadelphia and consolidated with The Christian PisUuctor. In Jan., 1879, The Instructor was transferred to Chicago, Ill., and issued by the Rev. Messrs. A. G. McCoy and A. T. McDill. In April, 1882, Rev. Dr. D. W. Collins bought out Mr. McCoy, and returned the paper to Philadelphia. 7i8 INDEX. 4 INDEX. PAGE Preface. 3 History of the United Presbyterian Church. 5 Reformed Presbyterian. 5 Associate Presbyterian. 14 Associate Reformed.37 The Associate Reformed Synod of New York. 59 The Associate Reformed Synod of the West. 70 The United Presbyterian Church. 80 Historical Record of Presbyteries and Synods. 94 Associate . 95 Reformed.102 Associate Reformed.103 United Prebyterian .... •.119 Historical Register of Existing Congregations.145 The Ministry .195 Officers of the General Assembly.662 The Boards of the Church. 663 Home Missions.663 Foreign Missions.664 Freedmen’s Missions.695 Church Extension.697 Publication.699 Education.700 Ministerial Relief.700 Theological Seminaries.702 At Xenia.702 At Newburgh.705 At Allegheny.708 At Oxford and Monmouth.710 Colleges.712 Franklin.712 Muskingum. 713 Westminster. 714 Monmouth.714 Periodicals.716 The Evangelical Repository. ......716 The United Presbyterian.716 The Christian Instructor.717 i/.‘ ilt” »i ’ jjXt ^ ‘ 4 ^ k f /lt* Vv ■ */|P V ■' ''ill' . ' * * 'll . I *y f •■ -sjt ' i' ;'*»i4- . ' .V ^if'' '* '.‘.'iT 'V* •';';:'^.yt^:. '-Ft'•. V'-^ J-fn*:; ^ ."'S 'V. 5 , ' ; ' ;. ■ :., '?' ^ • ■■<1 'A V; v^' ' ■■ >.; . \ 7 ^~ 4- / ' . ..■ ■.■'•V/^ ^ v M. i Iv '■ ' wV ■•■'•■ • i ‘l' ■•^■* • rP i* . U ^ '/ -’•■a '■S‘‘* \i, V '/i > ••<.■. t; . •' ,'.. ,• -■*, ' .*/•ui'' -*•. '/I •V >v /•cT-'k'* v>^ ■''• ‘\■ ■•' ■'• \r h^ -H KA^’^v'. '*tv' X', 'X-;'':' ■,-'■.•:■■ , ; ':' . ■■ ■ ■.^ ■y*'. r .: . ' .C >7 ■ 41 . ' ■>’, 4.1 ■ •^A=^. fe .•• • ■,• V .t _ ,*»;. I’v^r^v-." ' V, " X ; 4 .i ^.<1, 4'’:-^‘>'-' 'V '*f'.v .**.1. A ,* '■> I . i' , 1* '■M', '^ i'- ■•'■'.s'''’ v’ 4 V'.f ( ■' >Ki Sj.P.rfif.A , ■ .i „ . ■ & - -, ■ ..\ ‘ ■/ y»,i » ,. A w •afy y. / yA^ ■• 'V". ■ ■-, >' ■ Ai'V’r'■■•'• vv ,:vy\■«£#£ • fesaB < . ,1. * .. V ^ > j ' ■v’^rV' ■'-■':/. r:; ‘ > .'>.v . , 4 'u • > t ■ '.i » ..4 4^. i •# .•’TV . ■ - i. • . • ' *lr . . ,V / . ^ vl ' ^ * I f^ 'AsMj^iyy '■ A- '-yy'Ay'. AyA'A^y ■' ■ '* -,^L-■' ■ A):.: a'A ' .•- • :.■? f«Ss-^. ttv. !■ . •it r 4 ' *r <1 ’ , ' , S % '/' ' .'■ I, , V * - , »-» V, .■a SUPPLEMENT TO THE MANUAL OF THE NORTH AMERICA. 17S1-I88Y. GONTflINING THE GftflNGES TO JANUARY, 1892. JAMES BROWN SCOULLER. PITTSBURGH : UNITED PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION, 53 AND 55 Ninth Street. 1892 . \ \ \ \ \ \ \ i i SUPPLEMENT. ORGANIZATIONS. The Sy?iod of Nebraska. —Organized Sept. 28, 1886, in Omaha, and constituted with prayer by the Rev. Marion Morrison. Territory : That part of the Synod of Iowa lying west of the Missouri River and the State of Colorado, embracing the Presbyteries of Omaha, Pawnee, and Colorado. Min., vol. vi, page 435. PRESBYTERIES. Los Angeles, in the Synod of the Pacific, was organized in 1887. Northwester}! Iowa, in the Synod of Iowa, was organized Nov. i, 1887. Kansas City, in the Synod of Kansas, was organized Dec. ii, 1888, by the union of the Presbyteries of Kansas and Western Missouri. Neosho, in the Synod of Kansas, was dissolved in 1887, Minnesota, in the Synod of Iowa, was dissolved Sept. 26, 1889. CONGREGATIONS. Changes in the Alphabetical List of Congregations and their Historical Record since 1887 : Abootez, Egypt, December, 1888. . ^ Ainsworth, Keokuk Pres.; W. H. Lytle, June i, 1888—Sept, i, 1890. Albany, N. Y.; J. A. Littell, 1887-91. Albia, Des Moines ; J. Boj^d, 1887-90. Aledo, Rock Island ; D. C. Cleland, 1888-9; W. M. Story, 1891. Alexis, Monmouth ; J. D. Palmer, 1884-8 ; A. Renwick, 1888. Alleghen}^ Fourth Church ; Allegheny; J. M. Fulton, 1877-90 ; J. K3’le, 1891. Allegheny, Fourth Ward ; Allegheny ; April 20, 1888. Allegheny, Eighth Church; Allegheny; April 9, 1890; W. I. Wishart, 1891. Allegheny, Ninth Church; Allegheny; July 10, 1891 ; J. R. J. Milligan, 1891. Allerton, Des Moines ; M. B. Brownlee, 1889-91. Alpena, Detroit ; Presbyterian in 1889. Altoona, Blair Co., Pa.; Conemaugh ; Sept. 12, 1891. Alliance, Box Butte Co., Neb.; Omaha; November, 1887; A. Gordon, 1889. 4 , CONGREGATIONS. Allison Park, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny ; Dec, 31, 1889 ; D. R. Imbrie, 1890. Amoret, Bates Co,, Mo,; Kansas City; 1890. Amity, Mansfield ; S, A, Moore, 1884-7. Amity, Concordia; W, Wallace, 1887-90. v Andrew, LeClaire ; J. M. McArthur, 1886-90, Anthon3% Ark. Valley; E. C. Cooper, 1885-7; H:. T. Jackson, 1888. Argyle, Minnesota; Presbyterian. Arlington, Wisconsin ; J. D. Smith, 1881-91. Arlington, Omaha; dissolved. Astor, Greely Co., Kan.; Arkansas Vallej'-; June 3, 1887 ; A. B. Mc- Carroll, 1888. Atlantic, College Springs ; J. C. Truesdale, 1887-9. Atwood, Brookville ; D. K, Duff, 1865-88; R. M. Patterson, 1891, Avondale, Mansfield ; S. A. Moore, 1884-7. Bad Axe, Detroit ; Presbyterian, 1889. Battle Creek, College Springs ; dissolved. Bayard, Des Moines ; dissolved. Beaumont, San Bernardino Co. Cal.; Los Angeles ; Feb. 4, 1888. Beaver, Beaver Valley ; W. S. Harper, 1888. Beaver Falls, Beaver Valley; E. N. McElree, 1886-91. Beaver Springs, Sherman Co., Kan.; Concordia ; 1889. Beaver Run, Brookville; J, R. May, 1886-90. Beech Woods, Brookville ; J. R. May, 1886-90. Bellaire, WTieeling; R. G. Wallace, 1874-88 ; W. F. McLaughlin, 1888-9; W. Wallace, 1891. Belle Centre, Logan Co., O.; Sidney; Julj^ 23, 1891 ; J. J. Huston, 1891. Belle Flower, Cent. Ill.; J. L. Fairley, 1874-88; dissolved. Bellefontaine, Sidney ; G. W. Hamilton, 1889. Belle Prairie, Princeton ; dissolved. Bellevue, Allegheny ; S. H. Graham, Dec. 22, 1874-92. Belmont, Wheeling ; W. Grimes, 1858-89 ; J. B. Ricketts, 1890. Belmore, Sidney; R. H. B03M, 1883-7 5 J- Oldham, 1890-2. Benkleman, Pawnee ; D. H. Blair, S. S., 1885-7 ! J- - 4 .. Cosb\^ 1890. Beracha, Brookville ; W. D. Ewing, 1888. Berea, Garnett ; dissolved. Berlin, Central Illinois ; dissolved. Bethany, Pawnee ; dissolved. Berne Junction, Huron Co., Mich.; Detroit ; Sept. 15, 1890. Bethel, Westmoreland Co.; J. N. Dick, 1877-89 ; M. E. Dunn, 1892. Bethel, Conemaugh; T. P. Patterson, 1879-89; J. A. McGill, S. vS., 1890. Bethel, Mercer ; united with Lebanon to form Lackawannock. CONGREGATIONS. 5 Bethel, Central Illinois; J. Harper, 1873-90. Bethel, he Claire ; J. A. Greer, 1889-90. Bethel, Butler; W. J. McClintock, 1889-91. Bethsaida, Northern Indiana ; J. T. Wilson, 1886-90 ; R. H. Boyd, 1891. Beulah, Westmoreland ; J. M. Imbrie, 1891. Beulah, Caledonia; J. A. Anderson, 1887-9; h>- Anderson, 1891. Beulah, Garnett; Jos. H. Gibson, 1887-91. Big Springs, Tennessee ; A. S. Abbey, vS. S., 1888. Big Springs, Pawnee ; dissolved. Birmingham, Keokuk ; G. Warrington, 1882-8. Blairsville, Conemaugh ; W. H. McMaster, 1882-91. Blanchard, College Springs ; R. Hood, 1890. Bloomfield, Muskingum ; J. P. Tytle, 1855-91. Bloomington, Monroe Co., Ind.; Princeton ; Ref. Pres., 1825; Asso. Ref., Sept. 7, 1833 ; (Ref. Pres. J. Paris, 1827-33 ; Dr. Wylie, 1838-69;) (Asso. Ref., W. D. Turner, 1836-69;) (Asso., I. N. Laughead, 1839-43 ; J. Bryan, 1855-62;) (united under Mr. Turner as United Presbyterian;) W. P. McNary, 1870-84; S. R. Lyons, 1885. Blue Hill, Pawnee ; dissolved. Blue Mound, Garnett ; J. M. Acheson, 1890. Bonilla, Omaha ; dissolved. Boston, Westmoreland ; D. M. Thorn, 1885-7 ! J- E. Kistler, 1889. Bovina, Delaware ; J. B. Lee, 1856-88 ; M. W. Pressley, 1890. Broadalbin, Albany ; A. Henry, 1873-89 ; J. M. Adair, 1890. Brockway, Detroit; Presbyterian. Brookville, Brookville ; G. A. B. Robinson, 1889-90. Brownsdale, Butler ; R. P. McClester, 1880-90. Brownsville, Oregon ; dissolved. Brownsville, Wheeling; J. Gordon, 1890. Buchanan Hill, Wheeling ; W. R. Thompson, 1887. Buckland, Sidney ; dissolved. Buena Vista, Butler ; dissolved. Buena Vista, Westmoreland ; J. C. Kistler, 1889. Buffalo, Second Church ; Caledonia; July 19, 1888 ; J. L. Rusbridge, S. S., 1888-90 ; J. L. Thompson, S. S., 1891. Buffalo, Butler; L. McCampbell, 1873-90. Burchard, Pawnee ; W. M. Richie, 1884-8 ; S. S. Stewart, 1890. Burlington, Delaware ; J. B. Clapperton, 1890. Cabin Hill, Delaware ; W. R. Gray, 1888. Calcutta, Steubenville ; W. J. McClintock, 1885-9 ; J. McKelvey, 1890. Caledonia, Caledonia ; R. M. Russel, 1884-90. 6 CONGREGATIONS. Caledonia, Indiana; J. E. Black, 1886-9. Caledonia, Wheeling ; D. M. Sleeth, 1874-89. Caledonia, Minnesota ; dissolved. Caledonia, Wisconsin ; J. D. Smith, 1881-9. California, Sidney ; R. H. Boyd, 1888-91. Cambridge, Mass.; Boston; Jan. 31, 1892. Camp Creek, Chicago ; C. H. Mitchell, 1872-87; J. F. Black, 1889. Camp Run, Beaver Valle^^; M. S. Telford, 1889. Canonsburg, Chartiers; J. S. Speer, 1874-90; D. R. McDonald, 1891. Cannonsburg, Sidney ; J. C. Gibney, 1888-90. Carbon Centre, Butler ; dissolved. Carmel, Indiana; H. P. Jackson, 1876-89; J. D. Lytle, 1890. Carrollton, Steubenville; N. E. Wade, 1886-9; J- W. Best, 1891. Cascade, LeClaire ; J. McCrea, 1889. Cass Centre, College Springs ; R. T. McCrea, 1876-88 ; dissolved. Castroville, Monterey Co., Cal.; vSan Francisco; December, 1887 ; J. F. Jamieson, S. S., 1889. Cedar Rapids, Second Church; Cedar Rapids ; J. Parker, 1887. Cedarville, Xenia; A. M. Campbell, 1885-8; J. C. Warnock, 1889. Center, Beaver Valley ; T. A. Huston, 1887. Center, Chartiers ; W. J. Graham, 1888. Center Ridge, College Springs ; R. Hood, 1886-90 ; G. F. Brockett, 1891. Centerview, Missouri; dissolved. Centerville, Butler ; W. J. McClintock, 1889-90. Centerville, Des Moines; M. B. Brownlee, S. S., 1882-7. Chariton, Des Moines ; A. Gordon, 1884-8 ; M. Tidball, 1890. Cherry Fork, Chillicothe ; J. S. Martin, 1877-88 ; J. A. C. McQuiston. 1890. Cherry Run, Brookville ; A. S. Stewart, 1889. Chesley, Canada ; dissolved. Chetopa, Garnett; J. P. Gibson, 1887-9 J L. W, Williamson, 1890. Chiastin, Oregon ; dissolved. Chicago, Second; Chicago ; May 3, 1887 ; J. R. Brittain, S. S., 1888-91. Cincinnati ; First Ohio ; W. H. French, 1870-90 ; J. A. Shannon, 1891. Clarence, LeClaire ; W. F, Johnston, 1885-9 ; J. C. Truesdale, 1889. Clarinda, College Springs ; I. V. Pringle, 1887-90. Claj^sville, Chartiers ; see South Buffalo. Clayton, Monmouth ; J. J. Thompson, 1891. Clearfield, College Springs ; S. W. Lorimer, 1888. Clear Fork, Muskingum ; J. W. Martin, 1882-8 ; J, T. Campbell, 1890. Cleveland, First Church ; Cleveland ; J. M. French, 1881-9 ; R. A. George, 1889. Clinton, Butler; S. B. Stewart, 1882-7 ; W. J. Cooper, 1889. CONGREGATIONS. 7 Clinton, Frankfort; R. B. Taggart, 1888-92. Clinton, Boston ; dissolved. Clintonville, Butler; A. B. Dickie, 1888-91. Cochranton, Lake; D. Donnan, 1866-90; J. H. Hutchman, 1891. Coin, College Springs ; J. Pattison, 1884-7 : N. H. Brown, 1887-9. Coldwater, Arkansas Valley ; W. R. Hutchison, 1886-9. Colfax, Whitman Co., Wash.; Oregon; April 30, 1889; J. A. Alter, 1889-90; J. H. Niblock, 1890. College Springs, College Springs; W. Johnston, 1877-90; W. T. Moffet, 1891. Colokan, Greeley Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley ; March 29, 1888. Colorado Springs, El Paso Co., Col.; Colorado ; July 3, 1888 ; H. H. Bell, 1888. Columbus, Xenia; R. B. Patton, S. S., 1887. Columbus City, Keokuk ; M. Tidball, 1884-9 : J- A. Greer, 1890. Commerce, Detroit; R. M. Sherrard, 1885-90. •Concord, Big Spring ; J. B. Work, 1886-91. Concordia, Concordia; H. T. Jackson, 1883-7. Conemaugh, Conemaugh ; J. W. Johnston, 1888-91. Connellsville, Westmoreland ; John H. Gibson, 1887. Connotton, Steubenville; changed to Oakdale. Coraopolis, Monongahela; J. A. Lawrence, 1886-9. Corning, College Springs ; dissolved. Corydon, Des Moines ; dissolved. Cottonwood Falls, Garnett; W. C. Somers, S. S., 1886. Coultersville, S. Illinois ; F. J. Orr, 1888-9 ! R- Monteith, 1889. Crawfordsville, Keokuk ; J. H. Elliott, 1881-90 ; H. B. Turner, 1891. Crete, Conemaugh ; H. Q. Graham, 1874-89. Croswell, Detroit; Presbyterian in 1889, and reorganized in 1890. Cuba, S. Illinois ; N. A. Whitehill, 1881-8. Cutler, S. Illinois ; G. G. Wilson, 1887-8. Dalton, Tennessee; dissolved. Darlington, Beaver Valley ; H. Sturgeon, 1862-91. Davenport, Rock Island; W. A. Spaulding, S. S., 1885-9; Shaw, 1889. Dayton, Brookville ; R. M. Patterson, 1891. Decatur, Chillicothe ; dissolved. Deer Creek, Allegheny ; S. M. Hood, 1870-89. Deer Creek, Mercer; H. S. Boyd, 1878-88 ; changed to New Bedford. DeKalb, Mansfield ; T. M. Knox, 1886-91 ; changed to Tiro. DeLancey, Delaware; T. Park, 1878-91. Delaware, Delaware ; L. E. Hawk, 1881-9. Dennison, (North Cedar,) Kansas City: April i, 1880; J. S. Colvin. 1883-8 ; R. E. Stewart, 1889-90. 8 CONGREGATIONS. Des Moines, Second Church, Iowa ; Des Moines ; June 29, 1889 ; W. H. Patterson, 1890. Detroit, Detroit; R. Turnbull, 1878-89 ; Presb3Terian ; reorganized, W. H. Vincent, S. S., 1890. DeWitt, I^eClaire ; J. P. Gibson, 1885-7; J- A. vShannon, 1888-90; J. C. White, 1891. Dexter, Des Moines ; J. H, Morrow, 1887-9, Dickson, Tennessee ; S. F. Thompson, 1868-90. Donaldson, Chippewa Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1888; A. J. Campbell, S. S., 1888. Dunbar, Omaha ; C. Riddle, 1886-90. Duncanville, (W. Bethel,) Crawford Co,, Ill.; Princeton; June, 1869 ; H. McHatton, 1874. Dundas, S. Illinois ; J. W. Ashwood, 1888-90. East Brady, Butler ; dissolved. East Greenwich, Arg^de; W. H. Haney, 1884-7 I hi. S. McAyeal, 1888-9. East Liverpool, Second Church; Columbiana Co., O.; Steubenville; Ma^’ 15, 1888; A. K. Knox, 1888. East Palestine, Cleveland ; D. R. Miller, 1889. East Saleni, Arg3de ; D. G. McKa3% 1887. East Union, Conemaugh ; Aug. 31, 1890 ; J. A. McGill, S. S., 1890. East Unity, Butler ; A. B. Dickie, 1888-91. Ebenezer, Lake ; M. B. Patterson, 1890. Eden, Princeton ; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1883-9. Eden, Northwestern Iowa ; see Quimb3\ Edgerton, Garnett; J. L. Whitla, 1886-9; h>. Gordon, 1891. Elderton, Conemaugh ; J. B. Jackson, 1877-90; G. W. Robinson, 1891. Elk City, Brookville ; dissolved. Elkhorn, Valle3% Omaha; L. Proudfit, 1887-91. Ellison, Monmouth ; W. J. Buchanan, 1884-91. Emporia, Garnett; J. A. Reed, 1886-6 ; J. L. Hervey, 1888-90 ; J. A. McKirahan, 1890. Englewood ; see Chicago. Eugene, College Springs ; T, B. McKee, 1889-9 I J- McNab, 1890. Evansburg, Lake ; N. E. Brown, 1888. Ewart, Des Moines; J. Gilmore, 1876-87. Ewing, Omaha; T. H. Pollock, S. S., 1886-8. Fairfield, Westmoreland ; J. O. McConnell, 1888. Fairmount, (Donegal,) Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; 1801: J. Cree, 1803-6; J. Scroggs, 1815-72 ; G. C. Vincent, 1885-8. Fairvdew, Butler; A. B. C. McFarland, 1878-89; R. M. Sherrard, 1891. Fairview, Omaha ; G. R. Murray, 1880-90. Fairview, Concordia ; J. F. McKnight, 1888-90. CONGREGATIONS. 9 Fall Creek^ Xenia ; H. P. Jackson, S. S., 1889. Findlay, Hancock Co., O.; Sidney; March 31, 1890 ; J. P. Sharp, S. S.. 1890. Fort Gratiot, Detroit; Presbyterian, 1889. Four Mile, Southern Illinois ; G. G. Wilson, 1887-8. Fowler, Fresno Co., Cal.; vSan Francisco; May 31, 1890. Frankfort Springs, Frankfort; D. C. Stewart, 1880-90; W. R. Jami¬ son, 1892. Franklin, Lake; dissolved. Franklinville, Caledonia; D. G. McKa}^ 1876-87; J. B. Lee, 1888. Frazer, Detroit; Presbyterian. Fredericksburg, Mansfield; J. W. Long, 1889. Freemont, Detroit ; Presb3rerian. Freeport, Butler; A. F. Kirkpatrick, 1888-91. Galt, Stamford; D. A. Duff, 1880-7; A. G. King, 1888. Garner, Cedar Rapids; S. I. Lindsay-, 1880-91; W. H. Anderson, 1891. Garnett, Garnett; C. H. Strong, 1876-90; R. H. x\cheson, 1891. Garretsville, Delaware; J. B. Capperton, 1890. Gerlaw, Monmouth; A. W. Jamieson, 1885-7; T. G. Morrow, 1889. Gettysburg, Big Spring ; dissolved. Glade Run, Allegheny; R. E. Lackey, 1884-8 ; D. F. jMcCalmont. 1890. Glendale, Minnesota; dissolved. Glenlock, x\nderson Co., Kan.; Garnett; Ma^^ 1888. Glenwood, (Vienna,) Rush Co., Ind.; Indiana; Sept, ii, 1847; R. E. Stewart, 1850-5; J. F. Hutchison, 1857-9; J- L Frazer, 1861-5; A. x\ten, 1866-70; A. R. Rankin, 1873-6; J. F. Hutchison, 1876-89. Goldfield, Cedar Rapids; J. Duncan, 1885-7 : G. I. Findley, 1888. Gordon, Sheridan Co., Neb.; Omaha; Nov. 12, 1887. Graham’s Church, New York; J. E. Stewart, 1887-90; T. H. McKen¬ zie, 1890. Grand Mound, Le Claire; J. P. Gibson, 1885-7; dissolved. Greeley, Garnett; O. G. Brocket, 1887-8. Greeley, Colorado; H. F. Wallace, 1885-91; J. x\. Duff, 1891. Greenfield, Xenia; H. P. Jackson, S. S., 1889. Greenfield, College Springs; O. G. Brockett, 1891. Greensburg, Westmoreland ; H. S. B03M, 1888. Greenville, Lake; J. R. Brittain. 1866-88; J. C. Scouller, 1888. Greenwich, Argyle; J. T. Wilson, S. S., 1886-8; A. W. Morris, 1889. Greenwood, Kansas City; J. A. Morrow, 1886-8. Grove City, Butler; J. A. Reed, 1887-90; R. P. McChevSter, 1890. Guinston, Big Spring; S. Jamison, 1871-91. Halsey, Oregon; T. J. Wilson, 1877-88; M. M. Marling, 1889. Hanover, Frankfort; M. S. Telford, 1882-8; S. B. Stewart, 1889. Hanover, Chicago; J. C. White, 1885-90. lO CONGREGATIONS. HarlarivSbiirg, Butler; M. B. Patterson, 1887-90. Harrison, Louisa Co., la.; Keokuk; 1888. Harrisvile, Wheeling ; J. A. Alexander, 1890. Ha5'sville, Mansfield ; W. vS. Rae, 1887-9. Henderson, Monmouth ; R. J. Davidson, 1885-90. Hepbiirn; see North Page. Hiawatha, Kansas City; R. H. Barnes, 1888-92. High Ridge, Wheeling ; W. R. Thompson, 1887. Hoboken, New York; D. C. Stewart, 1891. Hodgeman Centre, Arkansas Valley ; dissolved. Hol3’oke, Butler ; W. P. Shaw, 1877-90. Homestead, Rock Island ; W. S. McClenahan, 1887-8. Homestead, Allegheu}' Co., Pa. ; Monongahela ; March 15, 1888 ; A. R. Van Fossen, 1888-90. Hookstown, Frankfort ; W. McKirahan, 1884-91 ; G. A. Roseburg, 1892. Hoopston, Central Illinois ; A. J. Hanna, 1889. Hoor, Egj'pt; June 2, 18S9 Hopewell, First Ohio ; E. H. Huston, 1884-9 I J- F- Hutchison, 1890. Hopewell, Southern Illinois ; G. G. Wilson, 1887-8. Hopewell, Concordia ; J. P. Finne}^ 1879-87 ; J. F. McKnight, 1888-90. Hopkinsville, Phrst Ohio ; R. S. McClenahan, 1887-90. Houstonville, Washington Co., Pa.; Chartiers ; Oct. 9, 1888; E. E. Douglass, 1889. Howard, Caledonia; G. E. Young, 1889. Huntsville, Sidney; A. H. Orr, 1882-8 ; J. E. Curr\', 1889. Iberia, Mansfield; J. P. Robb, 1875-90; M. J Smalle}’, 1891. Idana, Concordia; J. M. McKitrick, 1884-90. Indian Creek, College vSprings ; R. Hood, 1886-90. Ingram, Alleghen}- Co., Pa.; Monongahela; Sept. 20, 1887; A. R. Van Fossen. 1890, Ireton, Sioux Co., Iowa; Northwestern Iowa; Nov., 1883; M. M. Gilchrist, 1888. Irwin, College Springs ; dissolved. Jacksonville, Coneniaugh ; R. A. Kingan, 1890. Jeannette, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; Westmoreland; April, 1891. Jefferson, Brookville ; G. A. B. Robinson, 1878-90. Jefferson, Des jMoines ; M. B. Brownlee, 1889-91. Johnstown, Coneniaugh; J. H. Gibson, 1881-6; J. C. Greer, 1888. Jonathan’s Creek, Muskingum ; R. B. Patton, 1886-7 5 J- ^lartin, 1888. Jordan’s Grove, Southern Illinois ; S. S. Stewart. 1888-90. Kalida, Garnet; dissolved. CONGREGATIONS. I 1 Kansas City, Second Church ; Kansas City, Mo. ; Kansas City; Dec. 22, 1887 ; A. N. Hagert3’, S. S. 1888-91 ; J. Teaz, S. S., 1891. Kearney, Buffalo Co., Neb. ; Omaha : Dec. i, 1888 : J. C. Lynn, S. S., 1888-91 ; W. E. Purvis, 1891. Keota, Keokuk ; C. H. Mitchell, 1887. Kerr Ridge, Lake ; J. Dodd, 1889. Kingsville, Kansas City; J. A. Morrow, 1886-8. Kings Creek, Frankfort ; J. McKelve\% 1885-9 ! W. J. McClintock, 1891. Kirkwood, IMonmouth ; W. T. McConnell, 1884-90. Knapp, Wisconsin ; dissolved. Knoxville, Steubenville; J. W. Best, 1888-91. Knoxville, Des Moines ; J. C. Scott, 1890. Kortright, Delaware; A. M. Smeallie, 1872-88; N. E. Wade, 1890. Lackawannock, Mercer Co., Pa. ; Mercer ; 1887 ; Union of Lebanon and Bethel ; (Bethel AvSSo. Ref., 1839; R. W. Oliver, 1846-53 ; J. Armstrong, 1856-68; C. Cummins, 1870-85;) (Lebanon Asso., 1849 ; G. C. Vincent, 1849-69 ; R. T. McCrea, 1869-74 ; C. Cum¬ mins, 1876-85;) I. T. Wright, 1889. Lacona, Des Moines ; A. Gordon, 1885-8 ; M. Tidball, 1890. Lamar, (Viola,) Chace Co., Neb. ; Pawnee ; April 12, 1887. Lancaster, Indiana ; dissolved. Latrobe, Westmoreland ; G. C. Vincent, 1885-9. Laurel Hill, Westmoreland; S. B. McBride, 1878-90. Lawrence, Kansas City ; R. A. George, 1886-9 ; C. H, Strong, 1890. Leavenworth, Kansas City ; dissolved. Lebanon, Mercer ; see Lackawannock. Lebanon, Southern Illinois ; R. J. Love, 1889-90; I. H. Lish, 1891. Le Claire Prairie, Le Claire ; J. C. Warnock, 1883-9 ; C. S. Cleland, 1890. Leechburg, Westmoreland ; J. Dodds, 1884-7 5 J- A. Brandon, 1889-90 ; E. Z. Thomas, 1891. Leipsic, Sidney ; J. D. Oldham, 1890. Ivenox, College Springs ; W. R. Cox, 1886-9 ! J- H. Brown, 1889. Lenox, Pawnee ; dissolved. Ive Roy, Lake Co., Ind ; Northern Indiana; Feb., 1888; J. N. Bu¬ chanan, S. S., 1888-90. Levin, Minnesota ; dissolved. Libert3% Cleveland ; G. A. Roseburg, 1881-8 ; J. Potter, 1889. Liberty, Pawnee; S. B. Moore, 1884-8; J. Duncan, 1890. Lincoln, Nebraska ; Pawnee ; Dec. 12, 1890 ; O. S. INIorrow, S. S., 1890. Lisbon, Albany ; R. A. Elliott, 1887-8 ; A. Henr^’, 1890. Little Muskingum, Wheeling; J. Gordon, 1890. Little York, Rock Island ; J. H. Clark, 1887-9 : P. White, 1891. CONGREGATIONS. I 2 Locust Grove, Chillicothe ; see Peebles. Logan’s Ferr^', Westmoreland ; G. W. Whiteside, 1891. Loraine, Banner Co., Neb. ; Omaha; Feb. 5, 1888. Los Angeles, Los Angeles ; J. M. Herv'-ey, S. S., 1884-8 ; H. W. Crabbe, vS. S., 1888. Low Point ; changed to Washburn. Lyndon, Caledonia; J. L. Thompson, 1887-91. Lyndon, Garnett : S. Alexander, 1882-9 ; J. F. McKnight, 1891. Lyons, Clinton Co., Iowa ; Arkansas Valley; Nov., 1886. Macedon, Sidney ; J. C. Gibne}", 1886-90. McCune, Garnett ; dissolved. Mackinaw Road, Chippawa Co., Mich. ; Detroit, 1888; A. J. Camp¬ bell, S. S., 1888. McMahon’s Creek, Wheeling ; J. B. Ricketts, 1890. Madrid, Perkins Co., Neb. ; Pawnee ; Aug. 31, 1889. ^lahoning, Brookville ; W. D. Ewing, 1888. Majors, Omaha ; I. A. Wilson, 1885-9 ! C. Kyle, 1890. Mansfield, ^lansfield ; W. H. Vincent, 1887-90; F. B. Foster, 1891. ]\Iaple Ridge, Detroit ; dissolved. Mars, Butler Co., Pa. ; Allegheny; Jan. 7, 1892. •Marshalltown, Cedar Rapids ; dissolved. Martin, Detroit ; D. R. Miller, 1881-8 ; W. M. Butler, 1889. Meade Centre, Arkansas Vallejo; dissolved. IMechanicsburg, Conemaugh ; T. P. Patterson, 1879-88 ; J. A. McGill, S. S., 1889. Mercer, First Church. ; Mercer; H. W. Crabbe, 1885-7 ; S. W. Gilkey, 1890. IMercer, Second Church ; Mercer ; J. A. Grier, 1883-7 ; G. E. Hawes, 1888—Nov. 24, 1891. Meredith, Delaware; H. S. McAyeal, 1887-8. Mhoon, Clay Co,, Miss; received from the Asso. Ref. Synod of the vSonth, 1891 ; M. Morrison, 1892. Mifflin, Monongahela; A. R, Van Fossen, 1888-90. Millersburg, MansBeld ; J. Gailey, 1885-90. Milo, Southern Illinois ; divSSolved. Milton, Stamford ; A. P'. Kirkpatrick, 1884-8 ; R. C. Finney, 1889. Miltonvale, Concordia ; dissolved. Milroy, Indiana ; J. F. Hutchison, 1876-89. Minden, Pawnee ; J. A. Duff, 1886-91. Mission Creek, Pawnee ; M. Morrison, 1878-90. ^Mitchell, Omaha ; dissolved. Monroe, Des Moines ; W. E. Shaw, 1879-89 ; A. R, Munford, 1890. Morning Sun, Keokuk ; T. C. McKelvey, 1885-91. Mt. Ayr, College Springs ; G. T, Scott, 1887-90; H. F. Wallace, 1891. CONGREGATIONS. I Mt. Chestnut, Butler ; J. B. Borland, 1889. Mt. Gilead, Monongahela ; J. A. Lawrence, 1886-9. Mt. Hermon, Muskingum ; J. T. Campbell, 1869-89. Mt. Jackson, Beaver Valley; J. J. Sharp, 1887-9. Mt. Pleasant, Northern Indiana ; J. T. Wilson, 1886-90. Mt. Pleasant, Frankford ; S. A. Moore, 1887. Mt. Prospect, Chartiers ; C. M. Alford, 1889-90 ; G. R. Murray, 1890. Mt. Washington, Monongahela ; M. J. Smalley, 1888-90; R. H. Hood, 1891. Mt. Varnum, Butler ; J. PI. Breaden, 1887. * Mountville, Beaver Valley ; J. J. Ralston, 1889. Mt. Zion, Brookville ; J. M. Imbrie, 1882-8. Mulberry, Kansas City; F. J. Orr, 1890-1. Mumford, Caledonia: C. H. Robinson, 1886-9 ; W. W. Lawrence, 1890. Muncie, Delaware Co., Ind. ; Northern Indiana; April 10, 1889. Murray, Northern Indiana; A. McDowell, 1888. Murraysville, Westmoreland ; J. M. Imbrie, 1891. Nails Creek, Tennessee ; dissolved. New Athens, WTieeling ; R. G. Campbell, 1867-86; J. A. Alexander, 1890. New Bedford, Mercer ; see Deer Creek. New Bethlehem, Frankfort; J. A. Shrader, 1882-9. New Brighton, Beaver Valle}”; W. B. Barr, 1885-91. New Florence, Conemaugh; S. M. Black, 1881-9 ; J. S. Hill, 1890. New Hope, Phillips Co., Kas. ; Concordia ; July 22, 1887. New Jefferson, Steubenville ; W. R. Jamison, 1887-90 ; J. L. Acheson, 1891. New Lebanon, Steubenville ; J. Golden, 1857-65 ; I. N. White, 1866-75 : H. H. Brownlee, 1877-80; J. W. Best, 1881-8; R. B. Harsha, 1890. New Lisbon, Cleveland ; W. Wallace, 1887-8; J. M. ]Moore, 1889. New Market, Steubenville; W. R. Jamison, 1887-90; J. L. Acheson 1891. New Salem, Muskingum; J. W. Martin, 1874-88; J. C. Hammond, 1889. Newton, Des Moines; J. A. McCalniont, 1886-90. New Wilmington, Second Church; Mercer; J. A. Kennedy, 1884-91; E. N. McElree, Jan., 1892. New York, Charles Street; New York; T. W. Anderson, 1888-9; J. A. Reed, 1890. New York, First Church; part of Charles Street; T. W. Anderson, 1889. New York, Fifty-first Street; Presbyterian. H CONGREGATIONS. New York, West 25th vStreet; J. B. Clapperton, 1882-8; absorbed in First Church. New York, East 119th Street; A. H. Crosbie, 1887-91. New York, City Temple; 1890; J. Worden, 1890-1. New Zion, Pawnee; dissolved. Norfolk, Va.; the President of the College. Northampton, Summit Co., O.; Cleveland; Dec. 29, 1889; G. A. Roseburg, 1889-91. North Bend, Omaha ; L. W. Williamson, 1887 9 ; G. T. Scott, 1890. North Branch, Des Moines ; G. W. Torrence, 1880-90. North Buffalo, Chartiers ; J. B. Jamison, 1888. North Cedar ; see Dennison. North English, Des Moines ; J. Pettigrew, 1887-9 ; J. Lackey, 1891. Northfield, Cleveland ; W. C. Eawther, 1884-8 ; J. A. Shrader, 1890. Northfield, Guernsey Co., O.; Muskingum ; June 3, 1889 ; C. E. White, 1889. North Hamden, Delaware ; T. M. Chalmers, 1889-91. North Henderson, Rock Island ; J. D. Lytle, 1886-90. North Koitright, Delaware ; A. M. Smeallie, 1888. North Page; changed to Hepburn. North Shenango, Lake ; H. H. Hervey, 1853-88 ; W. R. Wilson, 1889. North Wood, Sidney ; J. E. Curry, 1889. Nortonville, Kansas City ; W. L. Garges, 1885-9 i S. M. Hood, 1890. Norwich, Muskingum ; P". M. Spencer, S. S., 1887-9 5 R- C. Wj’^att, 1890. Oakdale, (Connotton,) Harrison Co., O. ; Steubenville ; Aug. 20, 1849; J. Golden, 1851-7 ; J. W. Martin, 1862-5 ; J. R. Slentz, 1867-9 I A. J. Allen, 1872-82 ; N. E. Wade, 1886-9 » J- Best, Dec. 8, 1891. Oakdale, Southern Illinois ; C. M. Ritchie, 1891. Oakdale, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Monongahela ; Aug. 8, 1889: A. P. Duncan, 1891. Oak Grove, Allegheny; P. E. Simpson, 1890. Oakland, Frankfort; J. McKelvey, 1885-9; J- McClintock, 1891. Oakland, Beaver Valley; J. Patterson, 1881-90. Oakland, Alameda Co., Cal.; San Francisco; Aug. 21, 1890. Oakland, Princeton; dissolved. Octoraro, Philadelphia; D. Anderson, 1880-90. Oil City, Lake; W. E. Stewart, 1886-9; J- J- Sharp, 1889. Olathe, Garnett; J. Stevenson, 1888-90. Olena, Monmouth; J. C. Calhoun, 1885-7; vS. P. Montgomery, 1889. Olive Branch, Omaha; dissolved. Omaha, First Church; Omaha: E. B. Graham, 1880-8; J. M. French, 1889. Omaha, Central; Omaha; J. Williamson, 1887. CONGREGATIONS. 15 Oneonta, Otsego Co,, N, Y.; Delaware; May 6, 1889; L,. E. Hawk, 1889. Ontario, Mansfield; R. C. Criswell, 1886-91. Orchard, Omaha; E. Proudfit, 1884-90. Oskaloosa, Des Moines; O. S. Morrow, 1884-90; W. McKirahan, 1891. Ottawa, Garnett; H. M. Pressly, 18869; P- A- Gilfillan, 1890. Otter Eake, Detroit; dissolved. Oxford, Philadelphia; W. M. Story. 188891; J. L. Vance, Nov. 10, 1891. Oxford, P'irst Ohio; H. A. McDonald, 188690; J. R. Brittain, 1891. Page Centre, College Springs; D. C. Wilson, 1874 88; R. Hood, 1890. Palo Alto, Des Moines; J.- A. McCalmont, 1886 9. Paris, Frankfort; W. J. Cooper, 1880 9. Parks, Pawnee: J, A. Cosby, 1890. Parnassus, Westmoreland; C. H. Marshall, 1885 9; G. W. Whiteside, 1891. Pasrur, India; Sialkot; Aug. 2, 1889. Pasadena, Eos Angeles Co., Cal.; Eos Angeles; March 9, 1888. Patterson, Des Moines; G. W. Torrence, 1883-90. Pawnee City, Second Church, Neb.; Pawnee; December, 1887; W. I. Brooks, 1889. Paxton, Central Illinois; T. G. Morrow, 1881-9; A. S. Vincent, 1889. Peck, Detroit; dissolved. Peebles, (Eocust Grove,) Chillicothe; W. Duncan, 1889. Peter’s Creek, Chartiers; R. H. Hood, 1884-91. Philadelphia, First Church; F. Church, 1856 90; J. A. Kennedy, 1891. Philadelphia, Fourth Church; J. M. Farrar, 1884 90; J. T. Chalmers, 1891. Philadelphia, Fifth Church; I. T. Wright, 18828; N. E. Heidger, 1890. Philadelphia, North Church; M. W. Pre.ssly, 1886-9 I J- C. Hanna, 1891 ; J. Bev. Eee, 1891. Philadelphia, Thirteenth Church ; disbanded. Pigeon Creek, Chartiers ; C. W. Comin, 1889. Pine Creek, Allegheny; R. H. Parks, 1885-7. Piney Fork, Steubenville ; J. M. Jamieson, 1860-88. Pittsburgh, Pa., Fifth Church; T. W. Young, 1884-7 ! J- W. Harsha, 1888. Pittsburgh, Sixth Church; R. B. Ewing, 1870-90 ; R. M. Russell, 1891. Pittsburgh, Ninth Church ; A. E. Einn, 1882-8 ; R. A. Elliott, 1889. Pittsburgh, Eleventh Church ; S. J. vS. Moore, 1885-7 ; J. Stevenson, 1891. Pittsburgh, Thirty-third Street; Oct. 31, 1889 ; J. McD. Hervej^ 1891. Pittsburgh, Thirteenth Church ; July 28, 1888 ; S. W. Douthett, 1891. i6 CONGREGATIONS. Pittsburgh, Shadyside ; 1891 ; J, K. McClurkin, 1891. Pittsburgh, Highland Avenue ; Monongahela; July 29, 1891 ; O. B. Milligan, 1891. Pittsburg, Crawford Co,, Kan.; Garnett ; April 29, 1890 ; J. H. Gib¬ son, S. S., 1890. Plainview, Omaha ; D. M. McLachlan, 1887-9. Platte Valley, College Springs ; S. W. Lorimer, 1888. Pleasant Lawn, College Springs ; J. A. Wiley, 1888-90 ; J. L. Graham, 1891. Pleasant Ridge, Wheeling ; J. Gordon, 1890. Pleasant Ridge, Mahaska Co., la.; Des Moines ; Nov. 9, 1889. Pleasant Ridge, Southern Illinois; N. A. Whitehill, 1886-8. Pleasant Valley, Keokuk ; dissolved. Pleasant Valley, Arkansas Valley ; dissolved. Pleasant Valley, Oregon ; dissolved. Pleasant Valle}^ Northern Indiana ; A. McDowel, 1888. Plunier, Lake ; W. E. Stewart, 1888-9 5 J- J- Sharp, 1890. Plymouth, Neosho ; dissolved. Portersville, Beaver Valley ; J. A. Clark, 1876-88 ; J. J. Ralston, 1889. Port Huron, Detroit; T. A. Scott, 1887-9; re-organized in 1891. Portland, Princeton; J. K. Black, 1883-5. Portland, Oregon; W. R. Stevenson, 1884-8; W. W. Logan, 1888-92; G. E. Hawes, 1892. Pratt Creek, Cedar Rapids; D. W. McLane, 1883-7; H. H. Brownell, 1891. Princeton, Princeton; J. A. Gordon, 1883-8; J. B. Lee, 1889-91. Puckety, Westmoreland; C. H. Marshall, 1885-9. Pulaski, Southern Illinois; J. W. Ash wood, 1888-90. Putnam, Le Claire; dissolved. Pueblo, Pueblo Co., Col.; Denver; June 17, 1891. Quimb}’, (Eden,) Cherokee Co., Iowa; Northwestern Iowa; 1880. Rankin, Central Illinois; dissolved. Redclyffe, Forest Co., Pa.; Brookville; Sept. 9, 1890; A. S. Stewart, 1891. Redding, Ringgold Co., la.; College Springs; 1888; D. Inches, 1889. Red House, Detroit; dissolved. Red Oak, College Springs; J. A. Wiley, 1888-90; J. L. Graham, 1891. Reeseville, Xenia; dissolved. Richland, Garnett; dissolved. Richmond, Steubenville; J. M. Duncan, 1889. Richmond, Garnett; H. B. Turner, 1886-90. Ridge, Muskingum; J. T. Campbell, 1875-89. Rock Island, Rock Island; J. H. Brown, 1885-8; H. C. Marshall, S. S., 1889. CONGREGATIONS. 17 Rock Prairie, Wisconsin; T. W. Monteith, 1888-90. Rock Rift, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Feb. 22, 1888. Rock Run, Chicago; O. G. Brockett, 1888-91. Roniinie Prairie, Southern Illinois; J. W. Fong, 1876-88; R. W. Nairn, 1891. Rome, Chillicothe; dissolved. Ronietown, Fake; J. Dodds, 1889. Roney’s Point, Wheeling: R. G. Campbell, S. vS., 1889. Roseville, San FrancivSco; dissolved. Rush Creek, Muskingum; D. Fivingston, 1890. Pmshsylvania, Sidney; dissolved. Rushville, Indiana; N. F. Heidger, 1887-90; W. H. French, 1890. Rushville, Sheridan Co., Neb.; Omaha; April 27, 1889; W. R. Cox, 1889. vSt. Fouis, Mo., Grand Avenue; D. Fivingstone, S. S., 1885-90; J. W. Ashwood, S. S., 1890. Salineville, Steubenville; G. B. Smith, 1887 8; S. P. Barackman, 1890. vSaltsburg, Cohemaugh; J. W. Johnston, 1888-91. vSalt Creek, Mmskingum; D. K. McKnight, 1888. Sanaboo, Egypt; June 10, 1889. San Diego, San Diego Co., Cal.; Fos Angeles; May 9, 1888; R. G. Wallace, S. S., 1888. Sandy, Fake; H. Westlake, 1888. Sandy Fake, Fake; J. C. Herron, 1884-9. vSan Jose, San Francisco; A. Calhoun, 1874-90; R. K. vStewart, S. S., 1890-1; W. W. Fogan, Jan., 1892. Savannah, Mansfield; J. Stevenson, 1885-8; W. R. Hutchison, 1889. vSavanna, Chicago; dissolved. Scioto, Xenia; H. P. Jackson, 1889. Scottdale, Westmoreland; J. M. Moore, 1885-8; J. D. Palmer, 1889. Scotch Grove, Fe Claire; C. C. Potter, 1888. vScotch Hill, Butler; J. J. Inibrie, 1883. vService, Des Moines; J. Boyd, 1887-90. vSewickley, Allegheny; A. M. Campbell, 1888. Sharona, Egypt; Oct., 1888. Shavertown, Delaware Co., N. Y.; Delaware; Aug. ii, 1886: F. Pb Hawk, 1886-9. Shelocta, Conemaugh; J. B. Jackson, 1877-90; G. W. Robinson, 1891. vShenango, Fake; J. C. Herron, 1884-9; Patterson, 1890. vShiloh, Indiana; G. I. Gordon, 1889. Shiloh, Butler; W. J. Cooper, 1889. Sidney, Sidney; J. P. Sharp, 1883 90; J. P. Robb, 1891. Silver Creek, Sidney; J. E. Kerr, 1885-90. Slippery Rock, Butler; M. B. Patterson, 1887-90. 2 i8 CONGREGATIONS. Smith Creek, Monmouth; E. F. Reid, S. S., 1882-9: J. T. Torrence, S. S., 1889. Smyrna, Brookville; W. D. Ewing, 1888. Somerville, Princeton; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1884-8. South Argyle, Argyle; A. W, Morris, 1875-89; W. J. B. Edgar, 1890. South Buffalo, Chartiers; changed to Claysville. Southfield, Detroit; J. A. Sherrard, 1885-9; A. H. Orr, 1890. South Fork, Dundy Co., Neb.; Concordia; May 7, 1887. South Henderson, Monmouth; A. Renwick, 1876-88; D. M. Cleland, 1890. Sparta, Southern Illinois; R. H. McClelland, 1886-8; J. K. Montgom¬ ery, 1890. Spokane, Spokane Co., Wash; Oregon; Nov. 7, 1890; W. A. Spald¬ ing, S. S., 1890. Springfield, Butler; J. P. Davis, 1886-91. Springfield, Xenia; J. Kyle, 1877-91. Springfield, Southern Illinois; A. S. Montgomery, S. S., 1890. Spring Hill, Indiana; A. S. Vincent, 1880-8; T. H. McMichael, 1890. Stafford, Stafford Co., Kan.; Arkansas Valley; Aug. 10, 1891; T. C. Mauglin, 1891. Stamford, Delaware; F. B. March, 1887-91. Stamford, Canada; R. Acheson, 1874-90; W. McCormick, 1891. Stanwood, Ee Claire; W. F. Johnston, 1885-9; J- C. Truesdale, 1889. Starkville, Oktibbeha Co., Miss.; received Aug. 28, 1891, from A. R. S. of South; M. Morrison, 1892. Sterling, First Church, Arkansas Valley; A. J. Hanna, 1885-7; J- McKee, S. S., 1889-91; W. S. Garges, 1891. Sterling, Second Church, Arkansas Valley; Jul}^ 19, 1888; F. ]M. Spencer, S. S., 1889. Sterling, Omaha; dissolved. Sterling Valley, Caledonia; A. W. Eytle, 1884-9; R. Acheson, 1891. Steubenville, Steubenville ; W. R. Harshaw, 1887-9 ; E. M. Milligan, 1891. Stevensburg, Chippewa Co., Mich.; Detroit; 1888 ; A. J. Campbell, S. S., 1888. Stone Valley, Big Spring ; J. M. Adair, 1859 89 ; H. N. Freeman, 1891. Stowe, Cleveland; G. A. Roseburg, 1888—Dec. 27, 1891. Stronghurst, Henderson Co., Ill.; Monmouth; Jan. 16, 1889; S. P. Montgomery, 1889. Sugar Grove, Lake; W. R. Bruce, S. S., 1887. Summerfield, (Vermillion,) Marshall Co., Kan.; Pawnee; May, 1883; W. T, Warnock, 1891. Summerset, Des Moines; R. E. Welsh, 1890. Sunbeam, Rock Island; H. T. Ferguson, 1890. CONGREGATIONS. 19 Sunny Dale, Arkansas Valley; H. T. Ferguson, 1884-7. Superior, Pawnee; J. McCrea, 1886-7; S. E. Martin, 1890. Sutton, Mass,; W. Galbraith, Oct. 12, 1886—Ool;. 13, 1891. Sycamore, Hamilton Co., O.; R. S. McClenahan, 1887-90. Talleycavey, Allegheny; D. R. Imbrie, 1889. Tarentum, Allegheny; D. R. McDonaM, 1885-90; vS. jM. Black, 1890. Thompsonville, New York; R. N. Hammond, 1885-90; A. H. Crosbie, 1891. Thornville, Muskingum; D. Eivingston, 1890. Tingley, College Springs; D. C. Wilson, 1887 8; J. P. Gibson, 1889. Tippecanoe, Wheeling; T. Eove, S. S., 1889. Tiro, Mansfield; see De Kalb. Toronto, Steubenville; W, H. McMurray, 1888. Tranquility, Chillicothe; W. H. Anderson, 1889 91. Troy, Detroit; J. A. Sherrard, 1885-9; 1890. Tumlinson’s Run, Frankfort; S. B, Stewart, 1889. Turtle Creek, Westmoreland; R. A. Gilfillan, 1886 9; C. H. Marshall, 1890, Tuscarora, Big Spring; J. B. Work, 1886 91. Ulysses, Omaha; dissolved. Union, Butler; R. P. McClester, 1880-90. Union, Southern Illinois; N, A. Whitehill, 1889. Union, Westmoieland; R. A. Jamison, 1878-88: J. L. Thome, 1891. Union, Des Moines; J. Sawhill, 1877-90. l-nion, Tennessee; J. A. Myers, 1886-90; I). Strang, 1890. Uniontown, Wheeling; J. C. Scouller, 1883 8; W. F. Johnston, 1889 91. Unity, Westmoreland; P^. Z. Thomas, 1873 90. Unity, Chillicothe; J. K. Montgomer}’, 1887 9; J. T. Meloy, 1890. Unity, First Ohio; S. M. Krohn, 1889. Unity, Des Moines; A. R. Munford, 1886 90. Unity, Cedar Rapids; dissolved. Unity, Hayes Co., Neb. ; Pawnee; March 30, 1889. Utica, Mansfield; A. H. Orr, 1888 9; R. H. Huston, 1889. Utica, Lake; H. Westlake, 1888. Utica, Omaha; dissolved. Valley Falls; Kansas City; dissolved. Verona, Monongahela; W. S. Nevin, 1889. Victoria, College Springs; dissolved in 1888, re-organized ISIarch 22, 1890; O. G. Brockett, 1891. Vienna, Indiana ; changed to Glen wood. Viola, Rock Island; J. C. Calhoun, 1888. Viola, Pawnee; see Lamar. Volga, LeClaire; dissolved. Wahoo, Omaha; dissolved. 20 CONGREGATIONS. Waitsburg, Oregon; W. G. M. Hays, S. S., 1887. Walton, Delaware; W. M. Howie, 1878-91; T. Park, 1892. Walton, Arkansas Valley; D. F. Mustard, 1887 91. Warm vSprings; Oregon; R. W. McBride, vS. S., 1884-90; J. Alter, 1890. Warren, Northern Indiana ; J. McCrea, vS. S., 1879-85 ; A. McDowell, 1888. Washburn, (Low Point,) Woodford Co., Ill. ; Central Illinois ; Nov. i3> 1854; P. H. Drennen, 1858-69 ; W. Bruce, 1872-4; R. B. Nesbit> 1875 80 ; W. M. Story, 1881-7. Washington, Chartiers ; J. R. Johnston, 1863-90 ; H. W. Temple, 1891. Washington, First Church ; Keokuk ; S. L. Davidson, 1889. Watson’s Run, Lake; N. E. Brown, 1888. Wayne, Lake; dissolved. Welda, Garnett; D. E. Magill, 1887. Wellsville, Garnett; dissolved. West Beaver, Steubenville; J. W. Best, 1881-8; R. B. Harsha, 1890. West Bellevue, Allegheny Co., Pa.; Allegheny ; July 26, 1888; T. A. Shaw, 1890. West Bethel, Princeton ; changed to Duncanville. West Chester, Keokuk ; J. T. Tate, 1884 7; C. H. Mitchell, vS. S., 1888-90. West Delhi, Delaware; A. G. King, 1868-88: C. W. Tarr, 1890. West Fairfield, Conemaugh ; S. M. Black, 1881-9 ; J- S. Hill, 1890. West Liberty, Butler; W. P. Shaw, 1877-89; J. Clark, 1890. West Middletown, Chartiers ; R. E. Lackey, 1888. Westminster, Keokuk ; J. T. Tate, 1878-87. West Sunbury, (Sunbury,) Butler Co., Pa.; Butler; Jan. 19, 1842; W. P. Breaden, 1845-80; R. C. Dodds, 1883-5; J. H. Breaden, 1887. Wheatland, Chicago; J. C. Lynn, 1885-8; G. G. Wilson, 1889. Wheeling, W. Va.; Wheeling: Nov. 24, 1833; previousl}^ a part of the Short Creek congregation; W. Wallace, 1828-49; J. T. Mc¬ Clure, 1850. Wheeling, Chartiers; J. A. McKee, 1860-87. White Oak, Des Moines; S. F. Clark, 1885-8. White Oak Springs, Butler; J. B. Borland, 1889. Whitinsville, Boston; W. Hughes, 1888 92. Wichita, Sedgwick Co., Kas.; Arkansas Valle}": Dec. 24, 1887; Eadie, Marshall, Lawrence. Supplies. Wildomor, San Diego Co., Cal.; Los Angeles; Nov. 27, 1887; Jamieson, 1888. Wilkinsburg, Second Church; Monongahela; July 24, 1891; J. A. Bur¬ nett, 1891. Wilsonville, Pawnee; S. B. Moore, 1889. Winchester, Kansas City; W. Wright, 1883-8. THE MINISTRY. 21 Winfield, Keoknk; J. k, Thome, 1877-90. Winterset, Des Moines ; S. I. Tindsey, 1892. Woonsocket, Omaha; W. T. Moffett, S. S., 1885-90. Worthington, Butler; D. McCaw, 1886-91. Wurtemburg, Beaver Valley; M. S. Telford, 1888. Xenia, First Church; Xenia; J. H. Wright, 1881-9; W. B. Barr, 1892. Xenia, Third Church: Xenia; J. W. Smith, 1886-90; W. J. Buchanan, 1891. Xenia Prairie, Southern Illinois; S. S. Stewart, 1883-8; R. W. Nairn, 1891. York, Atchison Co., Mo. ; College Springs; R. H. Barnes, 1882-9; W. A. Monks, 1889 91; J. T. Torrance, 1891. Youngstown, Second Church; Cleveland; J. M. Jamieson, i888. Zanesville, Ohio; Muskingum; June, 29, 1890; D. M. Sleeth, S. S., 1890. Zion, Minnesota; dissolved. THE MINISTRY. Abbey, Alexander Smith, Big Spring, Tenn., S. S., 1888. AchEvSOn, John Law, was born Dec. 27, i860, at Zwingle, Iowa; was graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Xenia ; licensed April 2, 1890, b}^ the Pres, of S. Illinois ; ordained Oct. 6, 1891, by Steubenville, and installed over New Jefferson and New Market, Harrison Co., Ohio. Acheson, James Mitchell, was born June 13, 1859, at Zwingle, Iowa; was graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia ; licensed April 9, 1890, by Keokuk, and ordained May 2, ’90, by the same and installed over Blue Mound, Linn Co., Kansas. Acheson, Robert Henderson, oldest of the three brothers, was born Jan. I, 1858, at Zwingle, Jackson Co., Iowa ; was graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Xenia ; was licensed April 2, 1890, by Arkansas Valley, and ordained Sept. 10, ’91, by Garnett; Garnett, Kan., September, 1891. Acheson, Robert, Stamford, Canada, 1874—Dec. 23, ’90 ; Sterling Valley, N. Y., Feb. 10, 1891. Adair, John McCleary, Stone Valley, Pa., 1859—April 16, ’89 ; Broadalbin, Fulton Co., N. Y., June 10, 1890. Alexander, James Addison, was graduated at Westminster in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 23, 1889, by Mercer, and ordained June 10, ’90, by Wheeling, over New Athens and Harrisville, Ohio. Alexander, John R., Publication ; Success of the Gospel in Arabic, in 1885. 22 THE MINISTRY. Alexander, Samuel, Lyndon, Kan., 1882—^June 3, ’90, Aleord, Charles McMillan, son of Rev. Alford, born Oct. 23, 1859, at Roniine Prairie, Ill.; graduated at Geneva College in 1883, and studied theology in Philadelphia, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed by Ref. Pres., April, 1884, and ordained April 9, ’89, by Chartiers ; Mt Prospect, Washington Co., Pa., April, 1889—Jan. 3, ’90; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is pastor of Third Church, Wheel¬ ing, W. Va. Anderson, David. (A.) During a meeting of the Associate Synod in Philadelphia, in May, 1842, he was returningfr in the almshouse across the Schuylkill, and met with an accident which caused a rupture of the kidneys, from which he died on the fourth day afterwards. Anderson, David, resigned Octoraro, Pa., July 1, 1890; Beulah, Monroe Co., N. Y., Feb. 19, 1891. Anderson, James Auld, resigned Beulah, N. Y., jNIay 3, 1889 ; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is pastor at Le Roy, N. Y. Anderson, Thomas W., D. D., resigned Baltimore, Md., Feb. 27, 1888; Charles Street, N. Y., April 17, 1888—Sept. 13, ’89 ; First Church, New York, Sept. 24, 1889. Anderson, William Harve}^ Tranquilit}’, Adams Co., O., April 25, 1889-91 ; Garner, Iowa, Nov. 19, 1891. Anderson, William Thompson, born in 1863, at Park wood, Indiana Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1888, and studied theolog}' at Allegheny; licensed April 9, 1890, by Conemaugh, and or¬ dained Sept. 8, ’91, by the same ; sailed for India, Odt. 7, 1891. Armstrong, James G., D. D., died Feb. 20, 1891. Ashwood, John Walter, was born March 25, 1859, Wilkinsburg, Pa.; private academic education, studied theologj* at Alleghen}'; licensed April 6, 1887, by S. Illino s, ordained Ma}’ i, ’88, by the same; pastor Dundas and Pulaski, Mo., 1888—^June 24,’90 ; St. Louis Second Church, vS. S., 1890, and pastor April 21, ’91. Baird, Janies Ro'ertson, resigned in Michigan, June 25, 1887 ; infirm at Kenwood, Pa. Ballantine, John W., born March 31, 1862, at Hamden, N. Y.; grad¬ uated at Princeton in 1888, and studied theolog\" at Xenia; licensed June 17, 1890, b}' Delaware, and ordained April 23, ’91, by Keokuk : S. S., Winfield, Iowa, 1891. Barnes, Robert Hanna, resigneiYork, Atchison Co., Mo.; Hiawatha, Kansas, 1889-92. Barackman, Samuel Plyra, born Nov. 22, i860, at Linesville, Pa.; was graduated at Westminister in 1887, and studied theolog}^ at Allegheny ; licensed Dec. 17. 1889, by Beaver Valle}^ and or¬ dained Oct. 24, ’90, by Steubenville; Salineville, O., 0(5t., 1890. THE MINISTRY. 23 Barr, William Bicket, resigned New Brighton, Pa., in 1891, and be¬ came pastor of First Church, Xenia, P^eb. 23, ’92. Bell, Hugh Henry, was born July 16, 1858, at Albia, Monroe Co., Iowa ; graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia and Allegheny ; licensed April 10, 1888, by Westmoreland, and ordained April 9, ’89, by the same ; Colorado Springs, Col., since April, 1890. Best, John William, resigned W. Beaver and N. Febanon, Oct., 1888 ; Knoxville, Jefferson Co., O., Dec. 11, 1888-91 ; Carrolton and . Oakdale, Dec. 8, 1891. Birnbach, C. R. In the Presbyterian Church in Butler Co., Ohio. Black, James E., resigned Caledonia, Ind., Nov. 26, 1889 ; Adams, Iowa, April 15, 1890. Black, John F., Camp Creek, Ill., Sept. 2, 1889. Black, Samuel M., resigned W. Fairfield and N. Florence, April 10, 1889 ; Tarentum, Pa., Dec. 23, 1890. Bonner, John Hunter, died at Mount Joy, Ohio, March 14, 1888. Borland, John B., resigned Richmond, etc., June 14, 1887 ; White Oak Springs and Mt, Chestnut, Butler Co., Pa., 1889. Boyd, Hugh S., resigned Deer Creek, Dec. 29, 1887; Greensburg, Pa., April 10, 1888. Boyd, Joseph, resigned Alvia and Service, June 10, 1890. Boyd, Robert H., resigned Belniore, Sept. 6, 1887 ; California, Mich., Sept. 4, 1888— 0 ( 51 . I, ’91. Boyse, William, (A. R.,) was born in 1789, in S. Carolina. In 1837 he moved to New York, and subsequently to Richmond, Ind., where he joined the Episcopal Church, and died March 2, 1853. BradEord, David G., born Dec. 20, 1824, and is at Taylorville. Ill. Brandon, James A., Eeechburg, Pa., Sept. 3, 1889—Sept. 2, ’90. Breaden, John H., W. Sunbury and Mt. Varnum, Pa., Jan. 17, 1887. Brittain, Jeremiah R., D.D., resigned Greenville, Pa., Feb. 16, 1888 ; S. S., Englewood, Chicago, 1888-91 ; Oxford, O., Nov. ii, 1891. Brocket'!', George Franklin, born Nov. 30, 1841, at Brownsville, Ill.; educated at the Southern Normal College, Carbondale, Ill.; teach¬ ing and farming for a number of years ; studied theology under the care of the Princeton Presbytery, was licensed by it Sept. 22, 1890, and ordained Feb. 5, ’91, by the same; Center Ridge and Indian Creek, low'a ; Ma/^ i, 1891. BROCKE'rr, Oliver G.,Rock Run, Ill., Nov. 15,1888 — December, ’91 ; Greenfield, Iowa, December, 1891. Brooks, William L, resigned Milton vale, OcJ. 18, 1888; Second Pawnee, Neb., Dec. 5, 1889. Brown, Hugh, (A.,) died Nov. 19, 1888. 24 THE MINISTRY. Brown, John N., D. D., resigned Rock Island, Oct. 25, 1888 ; Lenox, Iowa, Nov, 19, 1889. Brown, Newton E., Evansburg and Watson’s Run, 1888, Brown, Nathen H., Coin, Iowa., Nov. 2, 1887. Brown, Thomas, died Jan. 18, 1892, at Welda, Kansas. Brown, William, Fowler, Cal., S. S , 1890. BrownelIv, Fliram Huston, was born March 29, 1854, at Northport, Nova Scotia ; was educated for a teacher, and taught two 3^ears ; came to the United States, and pursued his literary" studies two years, under private teachers, and then studied theology four 3'ears in the Philadelphia Seminarj', (Ref. Pres.;) was licensed March 26, 1878, by the Eastern Presbyter\', (Ref. Pres.,) and or¬ dained April, 30, ’79, by Ohio, (Ref Pres.;) pastor, Idaville, Ind., April, 1879—iVpril, ’81 ; Cedar Valley', Jul}^ 6, 1882—June, ’89 ; Coulterville, Ill., June, ’90—January, ’91 ; joined the United Pres- b^derian Church ; Pratt Creek, Iowa, Oct. 16, 1891. Bryan, John, died at Bloomington, Ind., Oct. 8, 1887. Buchanan, Walter J., resigned Ellison, May, 1891 ; Third Church, Xenia, Dec. 8, 1891. Buell, James Law, (not Bull,) born May 12, 1815. Burnett, John Alexander, born Dec, 29, 1864, at Newburg, N. Y.; graduated at Geneva College in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April i, 1890, by New York, (R. P.,) and ordained Aug. 14, ’91, b^" Monongahela, and installed pastor of the Second Church, Wilkinsburg, Pa., September, 1891. Butler, William Marshall, born Ocl. 27, 1861, at Clarksburg, Ind.; graduated at Monmouth in 1884, studied theologj^ at Xenia; licensed Jan. 31, 1888, b^^ P'irst Ohio, and ordained April 30, ’89, by the same ; Martin, Mich., May 7, 1889. Calhoun, Alex., D. D., resigned San Jose, April 28, 1890. Calhoun, Johnson C., resigned Olena, Dec. 28, 1887; Viola, Ill., April 4, 1888. Campbell, Alvin M., resigned Cedarville, Jul^’24, 1888; Sewickle}', Alleghen^^ Co., Sept, ii, 1888. Campbell, Archibald John, M. D., was born Feb. 13,. 1837, at Laggan, Invernesshire, Scotland, was graduated at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and studied theology in the same ; was first licensed b^' the Kirk Presbytery of Aberneth}", Scotland, as a medical missionary ; after mdiWy years of missionary’ work he was fulty licensed. May" 4, 1870, by" the Presby"tery of Toronto and Plamilton, (Church of Scotland;) ordained July 3, 1878, by the same; pastor, Collingwood, Ontario, July^ 1878—July, 6, ’87; joined the United Presbyterian Chtfrch of North America, in September, 1888, and served Stevensburg and connections, Mich., THE MINISTRY. 25 ever since ; was moderator of the Ontario Synod, (Kirk,) in 1880, and delegate to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1881. Campbell, James O., resigned Arkansas Cit3L March 8, 1887 ; editor ; Lowell, INIass., July 8, 1890. Campbell, Joseph T,, resigned Mt. Herman, Aug. 20, 1889 ; Clear Fork, Guernsey' Co,, Ohio. Nov. 25, 1890. Campbell, Thomas. In April, 1809, he applied for membership to the Asso. Ref. Presbytery of Monongahela, and his case was re¬ ferred to the General S^mod, which on the 2d of June, 1809, re¬ fused to receive him, Carson, Dr. James G., resigned his professorship in 1888. CarlilE, William, died June 3, 1890. Church, P'rancis, died Feb. 21, 1890. Chalmers, John Thomas, was born June 6, i860, in Mecklenburg Co., N. Carolina; was graduated at Erskine in 1878, and studied theology at Erskine, due West, and Union, N. Y.; was licensed in April, 1880, by First A. R, Presb^Tery of the South, and ordained in Ma3^ ’81, by thesame ; Winnsboro, S. C., May, 1881—Oct., ’91 ; P'ourth U. P. Church, Philadelphia, Pa., Odt. 29, 1891. Chalmers, Thomas Mitchell, was born Dec. 6, 1858, near Monmouth, Ill.; educated at Monmouth, and studied theolog3^ at Allegheny and Xenia ; licensed April 13, 1887, '63" Kansas City, and or¬ dained Aug, 20,’89, by Delaware ; pastor. North Hampden, N. Y., till April 21, 1891. Chrystie, Janies, D. D., was born P'eb. 20, 1786, in the cit3' of New York ; was licensed April 13, 1815, and ordained Nov. 18, ’16. In his later life he spelled his name Christie. Clapperton, James B., resigned in New York, Oct. 16, 1888 ; Garratts- ville and Burlington, N. Y., June 12, 1890. Clark, James A., resigned Porterville branch in 1888, and assumed West Libert3L Aug. 25, ’90. Cl.^rk, Janies H., ordained Oci. 20, 1887; resigned Little York, Dec. 3, 1889. Cleland, Charles Samuel, son of Rev. William J., born Dec. 17, 1863, at Owatonna, Minn.; graduated at Monmouth in 1887, and studied theolog3' at Xenia ; licensed Jan. 21, 1890, 113^ Sidne3’’, and ordained April 29, ’90, b3" Le Claire ; Le Claire Prairie, Iowa, April, 1890. Cleland, David Martin, resigned Mt. Washington in 1887 ; Aledo, Ill., April 5, 1888—Sept. 2, ’89 ; vS. Henderson, Ill., April i, 1890. Collins, Joseph A., editor of the Chicago Department of the Christian I)istrun:oy, and niissionar3^ in Chicago. Colvin, Jesse S., resigned N. Cedar, June 12, 1888; Horton, Kan., S. S., 1888. 26 THE MINISTRY. CoMiN, Clark Wallace, son of Dr. J., was born Aug. 17, 1863, at Rix’s Mills, O.; was graduated at Muskingum in 1885, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed Aug. 16, 1887, by Muskingum, and ordained Sept. 10, ’89, by Chartiers ; Pigeon Creek, Pa., Sept. 1889. Cooper, Ebenezer C., resigned Anthony, July 13, 1887. Cooper, William J., resigned Paris, April 9, 1889 ; Clinton and Shiloh, Butler Co., Pa., Sept. 3, 1889. Cosby, Janies Alexander, was born Sept, i, 1864, at N. Salem, Guern¬ sey Co., O.; graduated at Muskingum in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 16, 1889, by Muskingum, and ordained and installed Sept. 9, ’90, b}^ Pawnee, over Benkle- man and Parks, Neb. Cox, William R., Lennox, 1866—March 27, ’89; Rushville, Sheridan Co., Neb., June 28, 1889. Crabbe, Henry W., S. S., Los Angeles, Cal., 1888. Crane, James C., (A. R.,) died in 1847. Crawford, Luke I., born Aug. 3, 1834, in Allegheny Co., Pa.; died Oct. 27, 1890. Criswell, Robert C., resigned Ontario, Sept. 9, 1891. Crosbie, Alex. H., 119th Street, N. Y., 1887—Feb. 20, ’91 ; Thomp- sonville. Conn., Feb. 24, 1891. Cummings, Thomas Fulton, born Sept. 3, 1863, at New Wilmington, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1884, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 17, 1888, by Mercer, and ordained April 23, ’89, by the same ; sailed as missionary for India, Oct. 16, 1889. Curry, Joseph Ellsworth, was born April 22, 1862 ; was graduated at the University of Kansas in 1886, and studied theology at New Col¬ lege, Edinburgh, Scotland, at Princeton and Xenia ; was licensed April II, 1888, by First Kansas, and ordained May 7, ’89, by Sid¬ ney; Huntsville, O., since May 1889, and Northwood since Sept. 2, ’89. Curry, William W., joined the Presbyterian Ch irch, and is pastor in Marshall, Mich, Davidson, Andrew Leslie, was born Dec. 8, i860, at Wampum, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1885, and studied theologj" at Xenia ; licensed April 19, 1887, by Mercer, and ordained June 13, ’89, by Keokuk ; pastor First Washington, Iowa, June, 1889. Davidson, Robert J., resigned Henderson, Dec. 30, 1890. Davis, James P., resigned Springfield, April 7, 1891. Dick, John N,, D. D., resigned Bethel, April 9, 1889, Dickey, John Porter, returned to Ireland and was pastor of the Pres¬ byterian church of Carnone for 50 years, and died in the autumn of 1888. THE MINISTRY. 27 Dickie, Alexander B., graduated at Moiiiiioiith in 1883, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed by Conemaugh April 14, 1885, and ordained Sept. 18, ’88, by Butler; Clintonville and East Unity, Pa., Sept. 18, 1888-June 30, ’91. Dodds, Janies, Kerr Ridge, Romestown and Oakland, Pa., Dec. 10, 1889. Dodds, Samuel, was born P'eb. 28, 1858, near ProspecT:, Butler Co. Pa.; graduated at Grove City in 1881, and studied tlieolgy at Alle¬ gheny ; was licensed April 10, 1888, by Lake, and ordained April 8, ’90, by same; Professor of Chemistry and Ph3^sics in Grove City College. Donaldson, Janies, dropped from the roll of Presbyter^L Oct. ii, 1887 ; resides, without aiij" ch irch connecftions in Galt, Canada. Donman, David, Cochranton, April 8, 1890, and retains Power. Dorrance, John W., ordained Feb. 27, 1888, by Arkansas Valley; joined the Presb^’terian Church in 1890. DouglAvSS, Elmer Ellsworth, born April 30, 1862, in Warren Co., Ill.; graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Alle- ghen}'; licensed April ii, 1888, by Westmoreland, and ordained May 7, ’89, b3" Chartiers; pastor Houstonville, Pa., Ma3L 1889. Douthett, vSaniuel White, born May 17, 1862, at Brownsdale, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1888. and .studied theolog3^ at Alle- ghen3"; licensed ]Mar. 18, 1890, b3^ Monongahela, and ordained Jul3* 21, ’ 91, b3^ the same; Thirteenth Church, Pittsburgh, JuH', 1891. Duff, David K., died April 15, 1888. Duff, John A., Minden, April 14, 1891 ; Greele3L Col., June 27, 1891. Duncan, Andrew Patterson, was born Jul3^ 14. i860, at Antrim, O.; graduated at P'ranklin in 1888, and studied theology at Alleghen3'; licensed April 8, 1890, by I’awnee, and ordained Sept. 8, ’91, b3' Monongahela; Oakdale, Alleghen3' Co., Pa., Sept. 8, 1891. Duncan, Janies Goldfield, Iowa, S. S., 1884-7; Eiberty, Neb., 1890. Duncan, James M., Richmond, O., May 14, 1889. Duncan, William, was born Ocfi;. 20, 1855, in Perr3' county. Ill.; an undergraduate, and studied theolog3’ at Xenia; was licensed April 10, 1888, b3" Xenia, and ordained JuE’ 5, ’89, b3’ Chillicothe ; Peebles, Adams Co., O., Jul3u 1889. Edg.vr, William John Brown, was born Ocl:. 13, 1867, in New York Cit3’; was graduated at Princeton in 1887, and studied theolog3' at Xenia and Princeton ; was licensed June 18, 1889, Iw New York, and ordained Dec. 29, ’90, Iw Arg3de; South Arg3'le, N. Y., Dec. 1890. Elliott, James H., Crawfordsville, Iowa, April 8, 1890. Elliott, Robert Alexander, Lisbon, Dec. ii, 1888; Ninth Church, Pittsburgh, 1889. 28 THE MINISTRY. Ewing, Robert B., D. D.; Sixth Church, Pittsburgh, Mar. i8, 1890; joined the Presbyterian Church in 1890. Ewing, William D.; Beracha, Smyrna and Mahoning, Pa., Feb. 14, 1888. Fairley, James E. , Belleflower, Mar. 28, 1888. Farrar, James McN., D. D.; Fourth Church, Philadelphia, May 29, 1890 ; joined the Reformed Dutch, and is pastor in Brooklyn, N. Y. Ferguson, Harvey T., Sunny Dale, Sept. 28, 1887; Sunbeam, Ill., Mar. 18, 1890. Fife, Elmer Ellsworth, born Nov. 2, 1861, near West Point, Colum¬ biana Co., Ohio; graduated at Muskingum in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April ii, 1888, by Pawnee, and ordained June 6, ’89, by Allegheny; sailed as missionary for In'lia 0 (ft. 16, 1889. Findley, George Irwin, born April 29, 1858, in Granville, Warren Co., Ill.; graduated at Monmouth in 1883, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed June 14, 1886, by Rock Island, and ordained June 5, '88, by Cedar Rapids; Goldfield, Iowa, June, 1888. Findley, Samuel, Jr., D. D., died Nov. 2, 1889, at Roxabel, O. Finney, James P., Hopewell, June 27, 1887. Finney, Rufus C., Milton, Canada, April 9, 1889. Forsythe, David, New Zion, Nov. 16, 1886. Foster, Frank Brown, son of Rev. James B., born in 1863, at Morn¬ ing Sun, Preble Co., O.; graduated at Indiana Universit3' in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny"; licensed April 28, 1890, by First Ohio, and ordained April 15, ’91, by Mansfield; Mansfield, April, 1891. Frazer, Janies I., missionary in Seattle, Wash. Freeman, Horace Nutinan, was born April 14, 1864, at West Orange, N. J,; graduated at Orange High School in 1886, and an under¬ graduate of Westminster; studied theolog\" at Xenia and Prince¬ ton; was licensed June 17, 1890, by New York, and ordained Aug. 18, ’91, b}" Big Spring; Stone Valley", Pa., Aug., 1891. French, John M., Cleveland, March 4, 1889 ; First Church, Omaha, May 10, 1889. French, William H., D. D., Cincinnati, June 19, 1890 ; Rushville, Ind,, Sept. 2, 1890. Fulton, James M., D. D., Fourth Church, Allegheny, Dec. 9, 1890; niissionar^^ under the Freedmen’s Board at Henderson, North Carolina. Gailey, John, deposed September, 1890, for drunkenness. Galbraith, William, Sutton, Oct. 13, 1891. Garges, William L., Nortonville, Sept. 17, 1889 ; agent for Cooper Memorial College at Sterling, Kan.; First Church, Sterling, Nov. 17, 1891. THE MINISTRY. 29 Gehrett, J. a. ; left the Church. George, Robert A., hawrence, April 10, 1889 ; First Church, Cleveland, July 10, 1889. Getty, Frank, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 3, 1854 ; educated at the University of Pennsylvania, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; licensed Sept. 13, 1887, by Philadelphia, and ordained May 9, ’89, by Allegheny; has charge of the First Church Mission, Allegheny. Gibney, Joseph C., Macedon, etc., April i, 1890. Gibson, James P., De Witt, Nov. 15, 1887; Chetopa, Kan., Dec. 16, 1887 —Oct., ’89 ; Tingley, Iowa, 1890. Gibson, Josiah H., Beulah, Kan., Feb. 22, 1887—April 15, ’91. Gibson, William McCormick, D. D., died Dec. 15, 1891, at Ashville, N. C. Giffen, Elliott Morrison, born June 25, 1858, at Martin’s Ferry, O.; graduated at Muskingum in 1886, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny ; licensed April 10, 1888, by Wheeling, and ordained June II, ’89, hy the same; missionary in Kg3^pt, sailed Oct. 16, 1889. Gilchrist, Malcolm McDonald, was born Mar. 7, 1845, in Fayette Co., Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1873, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed Aug. 15, 1888, by Ee Claire, and ordained Dec. 27, ’88, b^^ N. W. Iowa; I'eton, Iowa, Dec., 1888. Giefieean, Robert A., Turtle Creek, Oct. 16, 1889; Ottawa, Kan., Sept. 19, 1889. Giekey, Seth W., Tarkio, 1889 ; First Church, Mercer, Jan. 14, 1890. Giee, Jonathan, publication : A Eiteral Translation of the Hebrew of the Old Testament. Gieeespie, William J., chaplain at Leavenworth, Kan. Giemore, John, Ewart, Sept. 27, 1887. Goeden, James, (A. R.,) (a correction,) New Lebanon and North Yellow Creek from 1857, and Yellow Creek from October, 1864, until his death. Sept. 21, 1869. Goodwieeie, David, D. D., died in Cleveland, O., Dec. 24, 1890. Goodwieeie, David H., joined the Presb3Terian Church in 1889, and took his congregation along. Gordon, Albert, Lacona and Chariton, April 10, 1888; Alliance, Neb., Feb. 22, 1889. Gordon, George I., son of Rev. John M., was born Dec. 28, 1846, in Piqua, O.; served in the 77th Regiment Illinois Infantry in the Civil War ; graduated at Monmouth in 1871, engaged in educa¬ tional work for years in Monmouth, Ill., and Dayton, O.; studied theology at Xenia ; was licensed April 24, 1888, by First Ohio, and ordained Aug. 27, ’89, by the same ; Shiloh, Ind., 0 ( 51 . 18, 1889. Gordon, Harper Dunlap, was born Nov. 26, 1856, near Bergholz, Jef- 30 THE MINISTRY. ferson Co., Ohio; was graduated at Westminster in 1887, and studied theolog}’ at Alleghen}*; was licensed Sept. 8, 1890, by vSteu- benville, and ordained Nov. 24, ’91, by Garnett; Edgerton, Kan., November, 1891. Gordon, James, was born April 27, 1850, in Belmont Co., Ohio ; graduated at Franklin in 1887; studied theolog}’ at Allegheii}' and Xenia ; licensed June ii, 1889, b}^ Wheeling, and ordained Nov. 18, ’90, by the same ; Brownsville, Pleasant Ridge, and Kittle Muskingum, Dec. ii, 1890. Gordon, John A., D. D., joined the Presbyterian Church in 1888, and is at Pomona, California. Graham, Andrew J., died at Indianola, Iowa, Oct. 27, 1887. Grah.am, Edwin B., First Church, Omaha, Sept. 21, 1888; editor of The Midland since 1885. Gr.\ham, J. L., ordained November, 1891, by College Springs; Red Oak and Pleasant Lawn, Iowa, November, 1891. Graham, Henry Q., Crete, Dec. ii, 1889. Graham, James D., Newton, Kan., S. S., i888-’9o. Grah.am, Samuel H., Bellevue, Dec. 27, 1891. Graham, William J., Center, Washington Co., Pa., Sept, ii, 1888. Gr.w, William Ramsey, was born Oct. 15, i860, near Morning Sun, Preble Co., O.; graduated at ^Muskingum in 1885, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed April 27, 1887, by First Ohio, and ordained Ma3^ 15, ’88, b}'Delaware ; Cabin Hill, N. Y., Ma}', 1888. Greer, John Alexander, was bornOcT;. 16, 1856, atShippingport, Pa.; was graduated at Geneva in 1885, and studied theolog\’ at Xenia ; licensed April 18, 1887, b^' Steubenville, and ordained June 20, ’89, b^’ Le Claire ; Bethel, Iowa, June, 1889—June 24, ’90 ; Colum¬ bus CiW, Iowa, Sept. I, ’90. Greer, Joseph C., Johnstowm, Pa., June, 12, 1888. Grier, James A., D. D., Second Church, Mercer, Dec. 29, 1887. Grimes, William, Belmont, June ii, 1889. Haft, Stephen L., born in 1810. Hagerty, Andrew, Second Church, Kansas Cit}', S. S., 1888-91 ; joined the Presbyterian Church in 1891. Hamilton, George, Bellefontaine, Jan. 15, 1889. H.\mmond, James C., New Salem, O., June 18, 1889. Died Feb. 8, 1892. Hammond, Robt. N., was born of American parents while on a visit to Ireland ; Thompsonville, Sept, i, 1885—April 15, ’90. Haney, William H., died Nov. 3, 1887. Hanna, Albert J., Sterling, Oct. 5, 1887; Hoopeston, Ill., March 26, ’89. Hanna, John Charles, son of Dr. T. H., was born Aug. 13, 1865, Washington Co., Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied THE MINISTRY. 31 theology at Xenia; licensed Aug. 27, 1889, by Monmouth, and ordained May 17, ’90, by the same ; North Church, Philadelphia, Jan. 29, 1891—April 24, ’91 ; died April 24, 1891. Harper, Robert D., died Jan. 3, 1890. Harper, William S., Beaver, Pa., Dec. 20, 1888. Harsha, John Welsh, was born in Washington Co., Pa.; was grad¬ uated at Franklin in 1884, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 12, 1887, by Wheeling, and ordained July 10, ’88, by Monongahela; Fifth Church, Pittsburgh, July, 1888. Harsha, Robert Barnes, born Jan. 6, 1865, at West Alexander, Pa.; graduated at Franklin in 1886, and studied theologyiat Allegheny; licensed April 10, 1888, by Wheeling, and ordained June 10, ’90, by Steubenville; West Beaver and New Lebanon, O., June, 1890. Harshaw, Andrew H., D. D., West Fifty-first St., New York, 1888; joined the Presbyterian Church and took the congregation with him; now pastor at Juncftion City, Kansas. Harshaw, William R., Steubenville, Dec. 4, 1889; joined the Presby¬ terian Church, and is pastor in New York City. Hawk, Leslie E., Delaware, June 18, 1889; Oneonto, N. Y., S. S., 1889. Hawes, George Edward, was born Jan. 27, 1864, at Fair Haven, O.; graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1885, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny; licensed April 27, 1887, Iw Finst Ohio, and ordained June 26, ’88, by Mercer; Second Church, Mercer, Pa., 1888, Nov. 24, 1891; Portland, Ore., S. S., Jan. 1892. Hay, Robert La Monte, born July 4, 1861, at Hartstown, Pa.; grad¬ uated at Westminster in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 9, 1889, by Lake, and ordained 0 ( 5 t. 8, ’90, by Northern Indiana; Muncie, Ind., S. S., 1890. Heidger, Nicholas L., Ru!>hville, April 2, 1890; Fifth Church, Phil¬ adelphia, Sept. 8, 1890. Hench, John Cam bell, born Jan. 22, 1833, near Millerstown, Pa.; graduated at Jefferson in 1863, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Pres.;) licensed April 26, 1865, by Redstone, (Pres.;) ordained Nov. 6, 1866, by same; had several charges in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kansas; joined the Concordia Presbytery of the United Presbyterian Church in 1887; an invalid. Henderson, James M., died June 9, 1890. Henry, Andrew, Broadalbin, Sept. 3, 1889 ; Lisbon, N. Y., July 3, 1890. Herron, James C., vShenango and Sandy I/ake, April 9, 1889; died 0(ft. 2, 1889. Hervey, James M., left the Church in 1887, and conne( 5 ted nowhere; an undenominational missionary in Los Angeles, Cal. Hervey, John McDowell, was born May 9, 1866, at Bloomingdale, O.; graduated at Bethany in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny; 32 THE MINISTRY. licensed April 8, 1890, by Steubenville, and ordained May 15, ’91, by Monongaliela; Thirty-third street, Pittsburgh, May, 1891. Hervey, Joseph L., born April 7, 1865, in Jefterson Co., Ohio ; grad¬ uated at Hopedale in 1885, and studied theolog};^ at Allegheny ; licensed April ii, 1888, by Steubenville, andordained Sept. 5, ’88, by Garnett ; S. S., Emporia, Kan., 1888-91 ; S. S., Pueblo, Col., January, 1891. Kiel, James Sloan, was born Jan. 30, 1862, at PTeeport, Pa.; gradu¬ ated at Westminster in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 6, 1889, by Butler, andordained July 29, ’90, by Conemaugh ; New Florence and West Fairfield, Pa., 1890. Hindman, Samuel, (A.,) twin brother of John. Hogg, Hope Waddell, son of Dr. John, was born Aug. 19, 1863, in Cairo, Egypt; was graduated in 1884 at the University of Edin¬ burgh, and studied theology in the United Presbyterian Hall in Edinburgh ; was licensed in June, 1887, by the United Presbyterian Presbytery of Edinburgh, and ordained Nov. 22, ’87, by the same ; proceeded at once to the foreign field, and is located at Assiout, in Egypt. Holtjday, Thomas Ellsworth, born Jan. 16, 1862, near Cadiz, Ohio; graduated at Franklin in 1885, and studied theology at Alleghen}*; licensed April 10, 1888, by Wheeling, and ordained June ii, ’89, by same; .sailed Sept. 27, 1889, for India. Hood, Robert, Center Ridge and Indian Creek, Jan. 28, 1890; Page Center and Blanchard, Iowa, Dec. 2 and 16, 1890. Hood, Robert H., Peter’s Creek, April 14, 1891; Mt. Washington, July 14, 1891. Hood, Samuel M., Deer Creek, June 4, 1889; Nortonville, Kan., 1890. Houston, Alexander Y., died Aug. 20, 1891. Howie, William M., Walton, N. Y., April 21, 1891; Chicago, South, vS. S., 1891. Huey, Samuel Gayley, born May 7,- 1864, at McAlevy’s Fort, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1888, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; licensed April 15, 1890, by Mercer, and ordained Aug. 19, ’91, by Wisconsin; Rock Prairie, Wis., Aug., 1891. Hughes, William, was born in Nov., 1850, in Gilford, County Down, Ireland; graduated at Presbyterian College, Belfast, and studied theology at Bristol, England ; ordained in Great Britain ; came to the United States in 1887, and was installed at Whitinsville, Mass., 0 ( 51 . 25, ’88; resigned Feb. i, 1892; joined the Presbjde- rian Church, and is in Waco, Texas. Huston, Edward H., Hopewell, Jan. 29, 1889; Utica, O., Dec. 15, 1889. Huston, Josiah James, was born May 15, 1858, at Glenwood, Fa3’ette Co., Ind.; graduated at Monmouth in 1881, and studied theolog}’ THE MINISTRY. 33 in Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed by Iowa, (Ref. Pres.,) April 9, 1884, and ordained by Lake, (Ref. Pres.,) April 30, ’86; Belle Centre and Rushsylvania, O., April, 1886; resigned the latter April 9, 1888, and the former in ’91 ; joined the United Presby¬ terian Church July 23, 1891 ; Belle Centre, as reorganized, vSept. 23, 1891. Hutchison, Adolphus P., Added Harbor April 14, 1891. PIuTCHisoN, John F., D. D., Milroy and Vienna, May 14 and Sept 4, 1889; Hopewell, O., May 3, 1890. IIi-TCHisoN, Robert Alden, born Jan. 8, 1862, at Claysville, Washing¬ ton Co., Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; licensed April 9, 1890, bj' Brookville, and or¬ dained June 30, ’91, by Conemaugh; S. S., Altoona, Pa., Sept. 12, 1891. Hutchison, William R., Coldwater, 1889; Savannah, O., vSept. 27, 1889 ; was captain of a batter\' of heavy artiller}' in the civil war. Hutchman, Johnston Harper, was born Ocd. 28, 1862, at Rural Ridge, Allegheny Co., Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed Sept. 9, 1890, by Allegheny, and ordained May, 12, ’91, by Lake; Cochranton, May, 1891. Imhrie, David R., added Talley Cavey |, June 4, 1889—June 30, ’91. Imurie, J. M., Mt. Zion, 1887 ; Murraysville and Beulah, Pa., 1891. Inches, David, Redding, Iowa, Oc 5 l. 17, 1889. Irons, John D., D. D., Pres. Muskingum College, 1891. Irving, Clark, died Oct. 16, 1888. Jackson, Hugh P., Carmel, Sept. 4, 1889; S. S., Greenfield, P'all Creek, Scioto, 1890. Jackson, Hugh T., Concordia, Oct. 5, 1887 ; Anthonj’, June 7, 1888. Jackson, Joseph B., Shelocta and Elderton, Sept. 9, 1890. Jamieson, Alvin W., Gerlaw, Dec. 27, 1887 ; Wildomar, Cal., Nov. 9, 1888. Jamieson, Jesse M., D. D., Piny Fork, Sept, ii, 1888. Jamieson, Jesse Mitchell, born Aug. 19, 1864, at Bloomfield, Ohio; graduated at Hopedale in 1885, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 14, 1887, by Steubenville, and ordained Dec. 18,’88, by Cleveland; Second Church, Youngstown, O., December, 1888. Jamieson, Joseph Francis, was born Jan. 20, 1864, at Davenport, Iowa; graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April ii, 1888, by Le Claire, and ordained April 17, ’89, hy Le Claire ; vS. S., Castroville, Cal., June, 1889. 3 34 THE MINISTRY. JamIvSON, John Brownlee, was born Feb. 6, 1859, ^^ear West Middle- town, Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1885, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 12, 1887, byChartiers, and ordained June 14, ’88, by the same; North Buffalo, Pa., June, 1888. Jamison, Samuel, D. D., Guinston, April 22, 1891. Jamison, William Rutherford, was born Jan. 28, 1855, near West Middletown, Pa.; graduated at Franklin in 1884, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 13, 1886, by Chartiers, and ordained Dec. 20, ’87, by Steubenville ; New Jefferson and New Market, O., December, 1887—Dec. 8, ’90 ; Frankfort Springs, Pa., January, 1892. JOHNvSON, Andrew J., was born Jan. 24, 1833, near Sidney, O.; was graduated at Iberia, Ohio, in 1864 ; spent one year in the army, and studied theolog)^ privately; was licensed Oct. 20, 1865, by Central Ohio, of the I'ree Presbyterian Church ; when it dis¬ banded he joined the Presbyterian Church, (O. vS.,) and was or¬ dained vSept. 25, 1868, by Lafayette Presbytery, (Pres. Church S. S. in several places in Missouii, Indiana, and Ohio; joined the Wheeling Presbj^tery of the United Presb3"terian Church, in April, 1886, and has served as S. S. under the Home Board. Johnston, Jeremiah R., D. D., died Sept. 12, 1890. Johnston, James W., Saltsburg and Conemaugh, Pa., Dec. 18, 1888— IMarch 20, ’91. Johnston, Samuel Dellniore, was born April 17, 1862, at Belle Centre, Logan Co., O.; graduated at Geneva College in 1884, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 13, 1887, hy Pittsburg Presbyter^", (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained Aug. 9, ’89, by Kansas, (Ref. Pres.;) Seattle, Aug. 9, 1889—^July 12, ’91 ; joined the United Presbyterian Church in July, 1891, and is missionary at Seattle, Wash. Johnston, William, D. D., died April 23, 1890. Johnston, William F., Stanwood and Clarence, Iowa, Jan. 28, 1889; Uniontown, O., Sept. 25, 1889—Sept. 27, ’91. Keeso, James, S. S., Pasadena, Cal., 1888. Kendall, Clark, was born Jan. 14, 1825. Kennedy, James A., Second Church, New Wilmington, 1891; First Church, Philadelphia, Sept. 15, 1891. Kerr, David R., D. D., died Oct. 14, 1887. Kerr, James E., Silver Creek, Jan. 21, 1890. Kier, Samuel M., died Dec. 24, 1888, at Buchard, Neb. King, Adam G., W. Delhi, May 15, 1888 ; Galt, Can., July 24, 1888. Kingan, Robert Alexander, graduated at Grove Citj^ in 1887, and studied theology" at Allegheny; licensed April 2, 1889, b}’ Butler, and ordained June 23, ’90, by Conemaugh; Jacksonville, Pa., June, 1890. THE MINISTRY. 35 Kirkpatrick, Adrian F., Milton, Can,, June lo, 1888; Freeport, Pa., June 25, 1888—April 7, ’91 ; missionary in Tacoma, Wash., 1891. Kistter, John Clinton, born June 5, 1859, in Penn Township, Alle¬ gheny Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 10, 1888, by Westmore¬ land, and ordained June 4, ’89, by the same ; Buena Vista and Boston, Pa., June, 1889, Knox, Andrew King, was born Nov. 24, 1859, near Wheeling, W. Va.; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1882, and studied theology at Allegheny and Union ; licensed June 10, 1884, by Wheeling, and ordained June 13, ’88, by Steubenville; Second Church, East Liverpool, O., June, 1888. Knox, Thomas M., De Kalb, April 14, 1891. Krohn, vSamuel Martin, was born in Adams Township, Butler Co., Pa.; was graduated at Westminster in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia; was licensed April 10, 1888, by Xenia, and ordained April 30, ’89, by First Ohio; Unit}^ Butler Co.,. O., April, 1889. Kruidenier, Jeremias, born Feb. 13, 1864, in Zuidbierland, Holland ; came to the United States in 1871 ; was graduated at Hope Col¬ lege, ^Michigan, in 1886, and studied theology at New Brunswick, N. J., and Xenia; licenvSed April 9, 1889, by Xenia, and ordained Aug. 17, ’89, by the same; sailed Oct. 16, 1889, as missionar}' to Kgypt. Kyee, Charles Colver, was born June 29, 1859, near Cedarville, O.; was graduated at Amity College, Iowa, in 1886, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia; licensed April 10, 1888, by Xenia, and ordained June 16, ’90, by Omaha ; IMajors, Neb., June, 1890. Kyee, Joseph, Springfield, O., Jul}^ 13, 1891; P'ourth Church, Alle- gheii}’, Sept. 24, 1891. Kyle, Joshua R., born Aug. 2, 1834. L. 4 CKEY, John, North English, Iowa, 1890. Lackey, Ralph E., Glade Run, April 10, 1888; W'est Middletown, Pa., 0 ( 5 t. II, 1888. LafferTy, Linus N.; Publication: Seven ReavSons Wh}' Psalm-sing¬ ers Sing Psalms, pp. 32, 1891. L-WRENCE, Janies A., Mt. Gilead and Coraopolis, Dec. 31, 1889; Wichita, S. S., 1890. Lawrence, William Waddle, born Nov. 9, 1862, at Cassville, Ohio; graduated at Muskingum in 1885, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; licensed April 9, 1889, by Wheeling, and ordained June 10, ’90, by Caledonia; ^Mumford, N. Y., June, 1890. Lawther, William C., Northfield, Nov. 19, 1888; professor West¬ minster College, Jan. i, 1889; died Feb. 5, 1889. 3^ the ministry. IvRE, James B., D. I)., Bovina, March 27, 1888 ; F'ranklinville, X. V., June 12, 1888. Lee, James Beveridge, son of Dr. J. B., born Jan. 21, 1865, at Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y.; graduated at Hamilton in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia, and the United Presbyterian and New College, in Edinburgh, vScotland; liceUvSed March 27, 1888, by Delaware, and ordained April 2, ’89, by Caledonia; Princeton, Ind., May I, 1889—Nov. 10, ’91 ; North Church, Philadelphia, December, 1891. Leiper, Joseph H., joined the Reformed Presb^^terian Church in 1888. Eielie, James, D. D.; came to New York in 1833, and took charge of the Franklin Street Church in 1833. Lindsay, Samuel I., Garner, March 31, 1891 ; Winterset, Des Moines, January, 1892. Linn, Ardman E., Ninth Church, Pittsburgh, March 20, 1888 ; j oined the Presbyterian Church and is a pastor in Pittsburgh. IviSH, Ignatius Hosea, was born in Russia, educated at the State Col¬ lege at Odessa, Russia, and studied theology at Allegheny; li¬ censed March 2, 1888, by Monongahela, and ordained Septem])er, ’91, hy Southern Illinois ; Lebanon, Mo., September, 1891. Littell, Joseph A., Albanj”, N. Y., Aug. 26, 1891. Livingston, David, S. S., St. Louis, July, 1890 ; Thornville and Rush Creek, O., Nov. ii, 1890. Logan, William Walter, was born July 10, i860, at Spring Hill, Ind.; graduated at Monmouth in 1883, was principal of West Sun- bur3' Academy, Pa., three years ; studied theology" at Alleghen}'; licensed April 6, 1887, bj' Indiana, and ordained, si?ie tihilo, April 4, ’88, bj' the same ; S. S., Portland, Ore., 1888-91 ; San Jose, Cal., Januar34 1892. Long, Chester, (A. R.,) was graduated at Middleburg, Vt., in 1815, and studied theology" with Dr. J. M. Mason ; licensed May 7, 1818, bv' Washington, and ordained, sme titulo, Jan. 25, ’23, hy the same ; joined the Presbj^terian Church and preached for manj' 3'ears at White Plains and Huntingdon, N. Y., where he died in 1869. Long, Joseph W., Romine Prairie, Oct. 3, 1888; Fredericksburg, ()., Jan. 8, 1889. Lorimer, Samuel W., Clearfield and Platte Valle}', la., Oct. 8, 1888. Love, Robert James, born Sept. 12, i860, at Culmerville, Allegheny Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminister in 1885, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed Dec. 13, 1887, by Allegheny, and or¬ dained Aug. 16, ’88, by Southern Illinois; Lebanon, Mo., Jan. 22, 1889 —June 24, ’90; Professor Mathematics and Principal Normal Department in Knoxville College, Sept., 1890. Love, Thomas, D. 1 )., S. vS., Tippecanoe, O.. 1890. THE MINISTRY. 37 Lynn, John C., Wheatland, Ill., Sept. 5, 1888; S. S., Kearny, Neb., i888-’9i. Lytle, Allen W., Sterling Valley, 0 ( 5 lober, 1889; Latrobe, Pa., Oct. 21, 1890. Lytle, James D., N. Henderson, Ill., Feb. 4, 1890; Carmel, Ind., May I, 1890. Lytle, James P., died of apoplexy April 20, 1891. Lytle, William H., Ainsworth, la., June i, 1888-Sept. i,’90. jNIcArthur, James, died Oct. 9, 1887. McArthur, John M., Andrew, la., 1890. jMcAuley, Duncan T., died March ii, 18—, at Americus, Kansas. jNIcAulEY, John, (A.,) was born in Wythe Co., Va., Jan. 6, 1807; was graduated at Greenville, Tenn., in 1833, and studied theology at Hanover, Ind.; died at Sligo, Clarion Co., Pa., Aug. 16, 1883. McAyeal, Howard S., Meredith, March 27, 1888 ; East Greenwich, N. Y., May i, 1888-Dec. 31, ’89; joined the Congregational Church, and is in Nebraska. McBride, Robert W., Warm Springs Indians, 1890. •McBride, Samuel B,, Laurel Hill, Sept 2, 1890. McCalmont, David Thompson, was born Sept. 6, i860, near Hickory, Washington Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 10, 1889, by Chartiers, and ordained June 27, ’90, by Allegheny ; Glade Run, Pa., June, 1890. McCalmont, Janies A., Palo Alto, April 9, 1889, and Newton, April 16, ’90. McCarrell, James, (A.,) born in Virginia, March 9, 1802, and died March 9, 1857. McCaw, David, Worthington, June 30, 1891. McClanahan, William S,, served two years in the armj^ and served Homestead until his death, June 15, 1888. McClelland, James Brown, was born Feb. 28, 1853, at Balm, Mer¬ cer Co , Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1878, and studied the¬ ology at Allegheny ; licensed Sept. 14, 1886, by Butler, and or¬ dained Sept. 18, ’88, b}^ the same; ProfevSSor of Greek in Grove City College since 1878. McClelland, Hugh R., Sparta, Ill., Nov. 2, 1888; joined the Pres- b3'terian Church. McClenahan, Roberts., vSycamore, O., Feb. 4, 1890; S. S., Gordon, Neb. McClester, Robert P., Brownsdale and Union, June 9, 1890; Grove Cit}’’, Sept. 2, 1890. McClintock, William J., Calcutta, April 8, 1889; Centersdlle and Bethel, June 25, i889-’9i ; Oakland, W. Va., and King’s Creek, Pa., 1891. 38 THE MINISTRY. McCturkin, Albert Witsius, son of Dr. Hugh P., was born Jan. i, 1864, in New Concord, O.; graduated at Geneva in 1884, and studied theolog}' at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 3, 1888, by Kansas, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained May 31, ’89, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) New Alexandria, Pa., May, 1889-Jan. 14, ’91 ; joined the United Presbyterian Church, June 20, 1891 ; S. S., Fourth Ward Mission, Allegheny, Jul}^, 1891. McCiyURKiN, Hugh Park, D. D., was born Nov. 6, 1821, in Chester Co., S. C.; was graduated in 1845, Duquesne, Pittsburgh, and studied theology at Cincinnati, (Ref. Pres.;) was licensed April 20, 1848, by the Lakes, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained Ocl. 15, ’50, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) New Concord, O., i 85 o- 0 (ft. 8, ’56, and again Dec. 2, ’58-Ocft. 4, ’82; Wahoo, Neb., Feb. 29, 1884; joined the United Presbyterian Church in 1891. McClurkin, John Knox, D. D., .son of Rev. John J., was born Nov. 23. 1853, near Sparta, Ill.; graduated at Westminster in 1873, and studied theology in Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.,) and Princeton ; licensed April 13, 1881, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained Oct. 9, ’84, by Philadelphia, (Ref. Pres.;) one year Professor of Greek in Geneva College, and ten 3’ears in Westminster ; pastor Second Reformed Presb3'terian church, Philadelphia, Oct. 9, 1884-Aug. 25, ’87 ; Professor of S3’steniatic Theology and Church History in the Reformed Presb3'terian Seminar}^ in Alleghen}', 1887-May 27, ’91 ; joined the United Presb3Terian Church and pastor of Shad3'Side, Pittsburgh, Sept. 22, 1891. McConnell, Alexander A., brother of John S., and born in Pitts¬ burgh. McConnell, John Owen, born Aug. 24, i860, at McConnell’s Mills, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1883, and studied theolog3'at Alleghen3' and Xenia; licensed April 5, 1887, by Chartiers, and ordained Oct. 9, ’88, b3^ Westmoreland; Fairfield, Pa., Oct., 1888. McConnell, John Stark, born Aug. 12, 1833, near Pittsburgh; died at Lawrenceville, Pa., Oct. 29, 1887. McConnell, William T., Kirkwood, Mar. 6, 1890; First Church, Des Moines, May 2, 1890. McCormick, William, was born JUI3' 20, 1856, in Culh^backe}', County Antrim, Ireland; came to the United States in 1864, and was educated at Geneseo and Chili, N. Y.; studied theology and was ordained in the Free Methodist Church, and filled appointments at Akron and at Lockport, N. Y.; joined the United Presb3'terian Church in October, 1891, and was installed over Stamford, Canada, Nov. 15, ’91. McCoy, Albert G., Ph. D., died Nov. ii, 1887. McCre.\, James, Cascade, la., 1890. THE MINISTRY. 9 McCrea, Robert T., Cass Centre, Mar. 28, 1888. McCrory, William J., joined tlie Presbyterian Church, and is pastor at Bridgewater, Pa. McCune, William C., born Oct. 22, 1821, and is pastor of the Presby¬ terian church in Avalon, Mo. McDonald, David R., Tarentum, Jan. 22. 1890; Canonsburg, May 13, 1891. McDonald, Humphrey A., Oxford, O., Sept. 2, 1890; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is pastor at Union City, Ind. McDowell, Allen, was born Aug. 19, 1857, at Dalton, O.; graduated at Muskingum in 1884, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed April 20, 1886, by Mansfield, and ordained Odl. 27, ’88, by North¬ ern Indiana; Murra}’, Warren and Pleasant Valley, Ind., October, 1888; resigned Murray Ocftober, 1891. McDowell, Nathaniel, died at Indianola, Iowa, Jan. 6, 1889. McElhenny, George, died Dec. 8, 1890. McElhennv, William G., was born at Huntingdon, Pa. McElree, Edward N., Beaver Falls, 1886—Dec. 27, ’91 ; Second Church, New' Wilmington, January, 1892. McFarl-YND, a. Boj'd C., Fairview, Jan. 15, 1889 ; notin the ministry, and is a lawyer. McF.\rl. 4 ND, Kennedy Wylie, born Nov. 29,1864, at New' Wilmington, Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 9, 1890, by Concordia, and ordained June 9, ’91, by Steubenville ; Bloomfield and Piney Fork, Ohio, June, 1891. McGee, Levi, left the Church in 1888. McGill, Alex. T., D. D., died Jan. 13, 1889. McGill, John A., S. S., Mechanicsburg, Bethel, East Union, Pa. McKee, James A., S. S., Sterling, Kan., 1889. McKee, Thomas B., joined the Presb3’terian Church, and is at Oxford, Neb. McKelvev, Joseph, King’s Creek, April 9, 1889; Calcutta, ()., June II, 1890. McKelvey, Theodore C., Morning Sun, low'a, Sept, i, 1885—Dec. 27, 1891. McKenzie, Thomas Hanna, son of Rev. W. A., born Nov. 18, 1867, at Sewickley, Pa.; was educated mainlj' at Williams and Prince¬ ton, and graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Xenia and Princeton ; w'as licensed Maj' 6, 1890, by Argj'le, and ordained Dec. 16, ’90, by New York ; Graham’s Church, N. Y., December, 1890. McKirahan, Joseph Alexander, was born June i, 1853, near St. Clairsville, Ohio ; was graduated at Monmouth in 1877, and studied 40 THE MINISTRY. theology at Xenia; spent ten years in teaching ; was licensed July 25, 1889, by Garnett, and ordained April 15, ’91, by the same; vS. S. at Howard, Kan., i889-’9o ; special missionary at Emporia, Kan., Jan. i, 1891. McKirahan, William, Hookstowm, May i, 1891 ; Oskaloosa, Iowa, June 9, 1891. ]\IcKitrick, Joseph M., Idana, April 9, 1890. McKnight, David K., Salt Creek, O., June 19, 1888. McKnight, James Frank, born 0 (ft. 26, 1855, at Meadville, Pa.; grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 5, 1887, by Monongahela, and ordained March 28, ’88, by Concordia; Fairview and Hopewell, Kan., March, 1888— Sept. 16, ’90; Lyndon, Kan., May 14, 1891. McLachl.an, Donald, Plainview, Neb., Dec. 29, 1887—Jan. i, 1889. McLane, Daniel W., Pratt Creek, Oct. 25, 1887 ; joined the Presby¬ terian Church, and is pastor at Grundy Centre, Iowa. McLaughe.an, William F., Bellaire, O., April ii, 1888—Oct. 2, 1889; joined the Pre.sbyterian Church in 1890, and is pastor at Saline- ville, O. McMaster, William H., Blairsville, March 20, 1891. McMichael, Ethan St. C., D. D., died Dec. 30, 1890. McMichael, Thomas Hanna, son of Dr. J. B., was born July 7, 1863, near Brookville, Greene Co., O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed Aug. 27, 1889, by Monmouth, and ordained Aug. 8, ’90, by Indiana; Spring Hill, Ind., August, 1890. McMillan, Andrew, joined the Presbyterian Church in 1889, and is pastor at Oxford, Iowa. McMurray, William Hutchison, was born at McMurray, Washington Co., Pa.; graduated at Westminster in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 27, 1886, by Monongahela, and or¬ dained July 10, ’88, by Steubenville; Toronto, O., July, 1888. McNab, Joseph, Eugene, Iowa, Nov. 18, 1890. McQuiston, James Argus Carmichael, was born June 29, 1862, near Gladstone, Ill.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1886, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed Aug. 27, 1889, by Monmouth, and ordained Aug. 26, ’90, by the same ; Cherry Fork, O., Sept. 30, 1890. Marling, Moses M., Halsey, Ore., 1889. Marshall, Clark H., Puckety, April 9, 1889, and Parnassas, June 4, 1889 ; Turtle Creek, Dec. 16, 1890. I\Iarshall, Hugh C., S. S. at Wichita, Kan.; Rock Island, la. Marshall, Samuel C., D. D., Born May 3, 1834, died Aug. 31, 1888. Martin, John F., joined the Presbyterian Church. Martin, John Howard, son of Rev. J. W., was born Oct. i, i860, near THE MINISTRY. 41 Knoxville, Ohio, graduated at Muskingum in 1885, and studied theology at Allegheny and Xenia ; ordained Aug. 22, 1888, by Muskingum as a Foreign Missionar}^ and .sailed Oct. 24, ’88, for India. Martin, John S., Cherry Fork until death, April 6, 1889. Martin, John W., New Salem and Clear Fork, O., Jan. 12, 1888; Jonathan’s Creek, O., April 18, 1888. Martin, Samuel Erskine, born in East Liverpool, O.; graduated at Muskingum in 1887 and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 16, 1889, by Muskingum and ordained by Pawnee, Nov, ii, ’90; Superior, Neb., November, 1890. Matthews, George D., D, D., Secretary of the Pan Presbyterian Council and resides in London, Eng, Maughlin, Thomas Cook, was born Dec. 10, 1849, at Pluntsville, Ohio; was an under-graduate of Monmouth, and studied theol¬ ogy in the Associate Seminary at Washington, la.; was licensed June 16, 1886, by Iowa, (Asso. Pres.,) and ordained 0 (ftober, ’87, by Kansas, (Asso. Pres.;) filled a pastorate till June, 1891, when he united with the United Presbyterian Church, and is now S. S. at Stafford, Kansas. May, John R,, Beaver Run and Beach Woods, April 8, 1890. Mehard, William A., D. D., resigned his professorship in 1889. MeKemson, Flavius, born Aug. 16, 1857, at vSouth Henderson, Ill., graduated at Monmouth in 1885, and studied theology at Xenia; licensed April 5, 1888, by Monmouth, and ordained Nov. 30, ’88, by Chillicothe ; Peoples, O., November, 1888—March 6 , ’89 ; died March 6, 1889. Meeov, John Templeton, was born Jan. 9, 1864, near West Middle- town, Pa.; graduated at Monmouth in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 10, 1889, by Chartiers, and ordained April 18, ’90, by Chillicothe; Unity, Adams Co., O., April, 1890. Mieeer, David R., Martin, March 21, 1888; East Palestine, O., June 10, 1889. Miller, Robert J., editor Sabbath School Literature, December, 1880. Miller, Thomas T., DeWitt, Arkansas, 1889. Milligan, Ezra McLeod, son of Rev. John C. K., was born Sept. 9, 1858, in New York City ; educated in New York and Geneva Col¬ lege, and .studied theology in Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April ii, 1888, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained INIay 7, ’89, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) Parna.ssus, Pa., May, 1889—June 14, ’91 ; joined the United Presbyterian Church June 30, 1891 ; Steubenville, O., Oct. 5, 1891. Milligan, Janies Renwick Johnston, son of Rev. James S. T., born Aug. 9, 1855, in Southfield, INIich.; graduated at Geneva in 1880; 42 THE MINISTRY. studied tlieolog}'^ in Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April ii, 1884, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained Oct. 15, ‘85, by the same ; the Allegheny Reformed Presbyterian Congregation October, 1885—Jan. 14, ’91 ; joined the United Presb^Terian Church June 30, 1891; Ninth Church, Allegheny, July 10, 1891. Milligan, James Saurin Turretin, son of Rev. Dr. James, born Aug. 26, 1826, in Ryegate, Vt.; graduated at Geneva in 1852, studied theology at Cincinnati and North wood, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 16, 1852, by the Lakes, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained Nov. ii,’53, by the same ; Southfield, Mich., November, 1853—April ii, ’71 ; North Cedar, Kan., Oct. 8, 1872—June, ’91. In 1855 he was ap¬ pointed to lecture on Bible Politics, and spent some time as the first leclurer on National Reform, and in 1864 organized a mission among the contrabands in Washington, D. C ; joined the United Presbyterian Church, June 30, 1891. Milligan, Ossawattomie Brown, son of Dr, A. M., was born Nov. 4, 1861, at New Alexandria, Pa.; graduated at Geneva in 1883, and studied theology at AlleghenjL (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 14, 1886, b}" Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) and ordained June 22, 1887, by New York, (Ref. Pres.;) Bovina, N. Y., June 27, i887-’88; East End, (Ref. Pres.,) i888-’9i ; joined the United Presb3’terian Church, June 30, 1891 ; Highland Avenue, Pittsburgh, Aug. 18, 1891. Moffatt, William S., returned to the Associate Reformed Church South, and is at Wheeling, Arkansas. Moffet, William T., D. D., Dakota, 1888; College Springs, la., 1891. • Monks, Walter Arthur, graduated at Grove Cit}’ in 1886, and studied theology" at Alleghenj^; licensed April 17, 1888, bj’ Butler, and ordained Oct. 29, ’89, hy College Springs; York, Mo., October, 1889-June 23, ’91. Monteith, Robert C., Coultersville, Ill., July 16, 1889. Monteith, Thomas W., Rock Prairie, Wis,, Aug. 21, i888-’89 ; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is at Martin, Mich. Montgomery, Andrew S., Somerville and Eden, 1890; Springfield, Randolph Co., Ill., 1890. Montgomery, John H., joined the Presbj terian Church in 1891. Montgomery, John K., UnitjL 1889; Sparta, Ill., Jan. 14, 1890. Montgomery, Samuel P., Volga, Nov. 27, 1888 ; Olena, Ill., Feb. 22, 1889. Moore, James M., Ph. D., Scottdale, December, 1888; New Lisbon, O., Aug. 18, 1889. Moore, Samuel A., Mt. Pleasant, Beaver Co., Pa., Nov. 25, 1887. Moore, Samuel B., Liberty, Neb., April ii, 1888; Wilsonville, Neb., 1889. THE MINISTRY. 43 Moore, Samuel J. S., Eleventh Church, Pittsburgh, Dec. 27, 1887; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is pastor at Imperial, Pa. Morris, Abraham W., South Argyle, Feb. 12, 1889 ; Greenwich, June, 1889. ‘ Morrison, Marion, D. D., Mission Creek, Nov. 15, 1890. ; Starkville and Mahoon, Miss., 1892. jMorrow, David, dismissed by certificate, Ocftober, 1891. Morrow, James H., born Jan. 19, 1839 ; served through the civil war ; Wahoo, June 29, 1887 ; Dexter, la., Dec. 15, 1887, until he died, Nov. 10, 1889. Morrow, Jeremiah, (A. R.,) bora Dec. 16, 1809. Morrow, Joseph A., Greenwood and Kingsville, Dec. 12, 1888. Morrow, Orville S., Oskaloosa, June, 1890; missionary in Eincoln, Neb., 1890. Morrow, Thomas G., Paxton, Jan. 15, 1889; Gerlaw, Ill., June 21, 1889. Munford, Andrew R., Unity, June 10, 1890; Monroe, la., Aug. 26, 1890. Murch, Frank B., Stamford, Maj'^ 13, 1891 ; S. S., Oakland, Cal., 1891. Murray, George R., Fairview, 1890; Mt. Pleasant, Washington Co., Pa., Aug. 22, 1890. INIustard, David F., died July 17, 1891. Myers, James A., returned to the Associate Reformed Church of the South. ' Nairn, Robert Watt, was born Odt. 7, 1859, near Marrissa, Ill.; edu¬ cated privately, and studied theology at Xenia ; licensed April 2, 1890, by Southern Illinois, and ordained April 30, ’91, by the same; Romine Prairie and Xenia Prairie, April, 1891. Nesbit, Archibald ; died-. Nevin, William Scott, was born Nov. 17, 1861, in New Waterford, Columbiana Co., O.; graduated at Geneva in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April ii, 1888, b}’^ Beaver Valley, and ordained July 16, ’89, by Monongahela; Verona, Pa., July, 1889. Nibeock, John H., S. S., Marshalltowm, la., i887-’9o; S. S., Colfax, Wash., 1890. Nichol, William Montgomery, was born April i, 1864, in Indiana Co., Pa.; graduated at Princeton in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed June 26, 1889, by Conemaugh, and ordained Sept. 17, ’89, by the same; missionary at Monsoora, Egypt. Oburn, William, educated at Muskingum; died Feb. 9, 1889, at Eckmanville, O., aged about 75 years. Oedham, Joseph Dean, born April 10, 1862, near Xenia, O.; grad¬ uated at Berea, Kentucky, in 1888, and studied theology at Xenia ; 44 THE MINISTRY. licensed Aug. 27, 1889, by Xenia, and ordained Ocl. 2, ’90, by Sidney; I^eipsic and Belmore, O., October, 1890. Orr, Alexander H., Huntsville, April 30, 1888; Utica, O., June 12, 1888—April 9, ’89 ; Troy and Smithfield, Mich., March, 26, 1890. Orr, Francis John, graduated at Princeton in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed June 25, 1884, by New York, and ordained Jan. 16, ’88, by S. Illinois; Coultersville, Ill., Jan. 1888—Jan. 14, ’89 ; Mulberry, Mo., Sept. 2, 1890—September, ’91. Palmer, James Dunlap, Alexis, April 5, 1888 ; Scottdale, Pa., Dec. 16, 1889—June 9, ’91 ; vS. S., Port Huron, 1891. Park, Thomas, Delancey, January, 1892 ; Walton, January, 1892. Parker, James, was born July 6, 1856. in County Down, Ireland ; graduated at Westminster in 1883, and studied theolog}’’ at Xenia ; licensed April 20, 1886, b}’^ Mercer, and ordained Nov. 9, ’87, by Cedar Rapids ; Second Church, Cedar Rapids, Nov., ’87. Patterson, John, Oakland, Beaver Co., Pa., June 24, 1890. Patterson, Matthew B., Harlansburg and Slippery Rock, April 22, 1890 ; vShenango and Ebenezer, June 5, 1890. PatteRvSON, Richard M., Dayton and Atwood, Pa., June 10, 1891. Patterson, Thomas P., Mechanicsburg, June 13, 1888, and Bethel, Dec. II, 1889. Patterson, William Hosick, born June 4, 1858, in Ohio Co., W. Va.; graduated at Penn College, (Oskaloosa, Iowa,) in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 13, 1887, by Des Moines, and ordained April 10, ’88, by thesame; Second Church, Des Moines, March 20, 1890. Penny, Joseph, D. D., (A. R.,) was also Presidentof Hamilton College, N. Y. Pinkerton, John W., born in Eincoln Co., Tenn. Pollock, John A., editor in Indianapolis, Ind.; joined the Presby- byterian Church in September, 1891. Poi.lock, James Thompson, was born Aug. 14, 1835, at Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio; graduated at Geneva in 1856, and studied theology two years at Xenia, and two at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 18, i860, by Takes, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained June II, ’61, by New York, (Ref. Pres.;) Bovina, N. Y., July, 1861—’64; joined the United Presbyterian Presbytery of Wheeling, March 10, 1864 ; chaplain in the arm3^ one year; joined the Presb3Terian Church in 1866, and is pastor at Madisonville, Hamilton Co., Ohio. Pollock, Matthew M., Fairfax, Iowa, Odiober, 1886. Pollock, William C., removed to St. Louis in 1878 or 1879, and died there in 1880. THE MINISTRY. 45 Porter, Edwin Lytle, son of Rev. Byron P., was born June 22, 1866, at Elderton, Pa.; graduated at Westminister in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny ; licensed April 9, 1890, b}' Cone, maugh, and ordained July i, ’91, by the same; missionar}" to India, sailed Odt. 7, 1891. Potter, Chalmers C., born Dec. 25, 1859, at Wapello, Iowa; gradu¬ ated at Monmouth in 1885, and studied theology at Alleghen}’ and Xenia ; licensed Aug. 30, 1887, by Keokuk, and ordained Dec. 20. ’88, by Le Claire ; Scotch Grove, Iowa, December, 1888. Potter, C3TUS K., (A. R.,) born April 26, 1825. Potter, James, graduated at Monmouth in 1885, and studied theology at Allegheny’’ ; licensed April 10, 1888, by Frankfort, and or¬ dained Nov 13, ’89, by Cleveland ; Libert}^ (Penza,) Nov., 1889. PrESSLY, Harve}" M., Ottawa, Kan., April 9, 1889; joined the Pres- bj'terian Church, and is pastor at Litchfield, Minn. Pressly, Mason W., North Church, Philadelphia, July 30, 1889 ; Bovina, N. Y., April 15, 1890. Pringle, James V., Clarinda, Nov. 6, 1890. Proudfit, Leonard, Orchard, Neb., July 15, 1890. Purvis, William Edmond, born Sept. 3, 1865, in Allegheii}-, Pa., graduated at Westminster in 1888, and studied theologj’ at Alle- ghenj”; licensed April 8, 1890, b\' Alleghenj^ and ordained June 9, ’91, b^' the same ; S. S., Kearne}’', Neb., July, 1891. Rae, Wesley S., Haysville, April 9, 1889; joined the Presbv terian Church in 1889, and is unsettled. Ralston, John Jay, was born Ma}’ 19, 1857, at McVill, Armstrong Co., Pa.; graduated at Princeton in 1882, and studied'theolog}' at Alleghen\s was licensed Jan. 21, 1885, b\" Butler, and ordained 0 ( 51 . 8, ’89, by Beaver Vallej'; Portersville and Mountville, Pa., October, 1889. Ralston, Samuel S., D. D., died Oct. 21, 1890. R.^nkin, Isaac Crawford, was born vSept. 10, 1858, at Crawfordsville, la.; was educated privateh’, and studied theology at Allegheny'; was licensed Ocl. i, 1889, by Garnett, and ordained Aug. 26, ’91, by College Springs; Clarinda, la., Aug., 1891. Reed, Janies A., Grove City, Feb. 18, 1890; Charles Street Church, New York, Maj" 8, 1890. Reid, Edward F., Ph. D., was born Dec. 25, 1839 ; died Mar. 23, 1889. Renwick, Andrew S., Henderson, Juh’’ 30, 1888 ; Alexis, Ill., Aug 29, 1888. Reynolds, John, (x\. R.,) Publication: A Metrical Version of the Psalms, in 1844. Richie, William M., Burchard, Sept. 19, 1888. 46 THE MINISTRY. Ricketts, Joseph Browne, was graduated at Westminster in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny; licensed April 23, 1889, by Mercer, and ordained Nov. 18, ’90, by Wheeling; Belmont and McMahon’s Creek, O., Nov., 1890. RiddeE, Clinton, Dunbar, April 10. 1890. Ritchie, Charles McKelvy, was born April ii, 1859, near Sparta, Ill.; Southern Illinois Normal, undergraduate, and studied theology at Alleghen}^; licenvSed April 2, 1890, by Southern Illinois, and or¬ dained A >ril 7, ’91, by the same; Oakdale, Ill., April, 1891. Robb, John P., D. D., Iberia, 1890 ; vSidne3% O., Jan. 20, 1891. Robertson, John S., was never at Walton or Lowell, and is without charge at Richmond, Ind. Robertson, Peter C., died at Howard, N. Y., Feb. 13, 1S91. RobiNvSON, Charles Henr^', Mumford, June 18, 1889; Baltimore, Md., OcJ. 3, 1889. RobiNvSON, George a. B., Brookville and Jefferson, Sept. 22, 1890; joined the Presbj^terian Church, and is pastor at Emsworth, Pa. Robinson, George William, son of Dr. W. J., was born Dec. 22, 1864, in Wheatland, Monroe Co., N. Y.; was graduated at Westminster in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny’; was licensed April 4, 1891, by Allegheny, and ordained Oct. 8, ’91, by Coneniaugh ; Elderton and Shelocta, Pa., Oct. 8, 1891. Rockwell, Abner O., returned to the Presbj-terian Church vSeptem- ber, 1888. ROvSEburg, George A., Liberty, June 12, 1888 ; Stow, O., Nov., 18S8- Dec. 27, ’91 ; Hookstown, Pa., Jan. 19, 1892. Ross, John M., son of Rev. Robert, was born April 30, 1861, in Mon¬ mouth, Ill.; graduated at Monmouth in 1884, and studied the¬ ology at Xenia and Alleghenj’^; licensed April 5, 1888, b}’’ Mon¬ mouth, and ordained Nov. 20, ’88, by Monongahela; associate pastor of First Church, Pittsburgh, and pastor of Oakland Chapel, 1888. Rushbridge, Jacob L., was received in 1888 bj’^ the Caledonia Presby. ter}’^ from the IMethodist Church, and served the Second Church in Buffalo, N. Y., for two and a half 3"ears, and then passed to the Presbyterian Church, and is a pastor in Philadelphia. Russell, Robert M., Caledonia, 0 ( 5 f. 6, 1890 ; Sixth Church, Pitts¬ burg, jMarch 31, 1891. vSamson, William Llo3"d Cummings, was born Dec. 31, 1863, in Louisa Co., Iowa ; graduated at Geneva in 1885, and studied theology in Alleghen3% (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 4, 1888, b3' Iowa, (Ref. Pres.,) ordained May 27, ’89, b3G^ittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) McKees¬ port, Pa.; ]Ma3L 1889-91 ; joined the United Preslwderian Church, Aug., 1891 ; Homestead, Allegheiu" Co., Pa., Ocd. 13, 1891. THE MINISTRY. 47 Sawmill, James, Union, June lo, 1890. Scott, George T., Mount Ayr, March 26, 1890. Scott, JohnC., Greenfield, Iowa, S. S., 1887-89; Knoxville, Iowa, 1890. Scott, Thomas A., Port Huron, 1889 ; joined the Presbyterian Church in 1889, and is at Port Huron, Mich. ScouLLER, John C,, Uniontown, Sept. 18, 1888; Greenville, Pa., Dec. II, 1888. Shannon, John A., De Witt, Iowa, Sept. 7, 1888—June 24, ’90; Cin¬ cinnati, Jan. 22, 1892. Sharp, Janies P., Sidney, Jan. 21, 1890 ; S. S., Findley, O., 1890. Sharpe, Joseph J., Mount Jackson, Dec. 3, 1889; Oil City and Plunier, 1890. Shaw, Tliomas A., Des Moines, April 9, 1889; West Bellevue, Pa., Jan. 2, 1890. vShaw, William E., Monroe, Ocl. 22, 1889; Davenport, Iowa, vS. vS., 1889. vShaw, William P., Hol3’oke and West Liberty, 1S89. vSherrard, John A., Troy and Smithfield, Feb. 12, 1889 ; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is pastor at Freedonia, Pa. Sherrard, Robert M., Commerce, April 15, 1890; Fairview, Pa., Jan. 19, 1891. vShrader, John A., New Bethlehem, April 9, 1889; Northfield, O., June 9, 1890 Simpson, Peter Emmet, was born Dec. 14, 1853, near Calcutta, Ohio ; educated privately, and studied theology at Allegheny; licen.sed April 9, 1889, by Steubenville, and ordained June 26, ’90, by Allegheny; Oak Grove, Pa., June, 1890. Sleeth, David M., Caledonia, W. Va., 1889 ; vS. vS., Eanesville, O., 1889. Small, Edward, born Dec. 24, 1811 ; died Jan. 4, 1888. Smalley, Matthew John, Westminster, undergraduate; studied theology" at Allegheny; licensed Jan. 17, 1888, by Sidney, and ordained June ii, ’88, by Monongahela ; Mount Washington, June, 1888—Nov. 3, ’90; Iberia. O., June 9, 1891. SmealliE, Alexander M., Kortright, March 27, 1888; North Kort- right, Aug. 28, 1888. Smith, George B., Salineville, O., Sept. 12, 1888. Smith, James D., Caledonia, Jan. i, 1889, and Arlington, P'eb. 25, 1891. Smith, John W., Third Church, Xenia, June 17, 1890; joined the Presbyterian Church in 1891. vSmith, Samuel F., studied theology" two 3'ears in the Reformed Pres- b3Terian Seminar3" in Philadelphia under Dr. W3die. 48 THE MINISTRY. Spalding, William A., S. S., Davenport, 1889; agent of Monmouth College for a year ; S. S., Spokane, Wash., 1890. Speer, James Alexander, was born Feb. 27, 1842, in New Concord, O., served in the army for two years ; was graduated at Muskingum in 1868, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 8, 1873, b}' Pittsburg, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained July 28, ’75, b}^ New York, (Ref. Pres.;) West Hebron, N. Y., (Ref. Pres.,) Jul}^ i875-’9o; joined the United Presbyterian Church, Sept, i, 1891 ; missionar}" to the Sinemasho Indians, Oregon, 1891. Speer, John S., D. D., Canonsburg, Feb. 4, 1890. vSpencer, Francis M.,D.D., S. S., Norwich, O., i886-’89; S. S., vSecond Church, Sterling, Kan., and President of Cooper Memorial College, 1889. Steele, John C., died Dec. 12, 1891, at Warrensburg, Mo. Stevenson, Josias, Savannah, July 31, 1888; Olathe, Kan., 1888— Sept. 28, 1890; Eleventh Church, Pittsburgh, Ocl;. 13, 1891. Stevenson, William R., S. S., Portland, 1888. Stewart, Alberts., Cherry Run, Pa., h Sept. 17, 1889 and Redclyfte ^ Oct. 6, 1891. Stewart, David Craig, Frankfort Springs, June 10, 1890 ; Ploboken, N. J., Oct. 20, 1891. Stewart, Henry Ferguson, born Oct. 15, 1842 ; served two 3'ears in the arm3^ Stewart, John E., Graham’s Church, April 22, 1890; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is S. S. at Milo, la. Stewart, John G., Rock Run, July ii, 1887. Stewart, Robert, D. D., has charge of the missionar\' theological seminary in India. Stewart, Robert Ewing, son of Rev. Robert E., was born Dec. 15, 1857, at Bellbrook, O.; undergraduate of Indiana State Univer¬ sity, and studied theology at Xenia ; licensed April 3, 1888, b}' Southern Illinois, and ordained Dec. 12, ’88, by Kansas City; North Cedar, Kan., March 26, 1889—Sept, i, ’90; S. S., San Jose, Cal., i89o-’9I. Stewart, Samuel B., Hanover and Tumlinson’s Run, Jan. 30, 1889. Stewart, Samuel S., Xenia Prairie, April 3, 1888; Jordon’s Grove, Ill., Aug. 28, 1888—Aug. 27, ’90; Burchard, Neb., Dec. 19, 1890. Stewart, William E., Oil City and Plumer, June, 1887—April 9, ’89 ; joined the Presb3’terian church and is without charge. Story, William M., Low Point, Oct. 25, 1887 ; Oxford, Pa., June 21, 1888—March 2, ’91 ; Aledo, Ill., April 13, 1891. Strong, Charles H., Garnett, April 9, 1890; Lawrence, Kan., Sept. I, 1890. THE MINISTRY. 49 Sturgeon, Hugh, was born 0(fl. 31, 1821, at Noblestown, Pa.; Dar¬ lington, Dec. 27, 1891. Taggart, Robert B., Clinton, Allegheny Co., Pa., Oct. 16, 1888—Mar. 27, ’92. Tarr, Casper W., West Delhi, N. Y., June 17, 1890. Teaz, John, was born July i, 1849, near Londonderry, Ireland; part¬ ly educated in Ireland, and graduated from the Brooklyn Lay College, N. Y., in 1877, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) was licensed April 12, 1881, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) did missionary work for four years in the Maritime Provinces and in the West; ordained July 7, 1885, by Illinois, (Ref. Pres.;) Coultersville, Ill., July, 1885 ; joined the United Presbyterian Church, June 30, 1891 ; S. S., Second Church, Kansas City, Mo., 1891. Telfair, David, (A. R.,) became pastor at the Bridge of Tieth in 1749 ; died at Philadelphia, April 14, 1789, aged 68 years. Telford, Morrison S., Hanover, April 10, 1888; Wurtemburg and Camp Run, June 26, 1888. Temple, Henry Willson, was born March 31, 1864, at Belle Centre, Ohio ; was graduated at Geneva in 1883, and studied theology at Allegheny, (Ref. Pres.;) licensed April 14, 1886, by Lakes, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained July. 14, ’87, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.;) Stanton, Jefferson Co., Pa., July, 1887-9 5 Brookland and Man¬ chester, West. Co., Pa., March 16, 1890— Dec. ii, ’90; joined the United Presbyterian Church in spring of 1891 ; Washington, Pa., June 9, 1891. Thatcher, Oliver Joseph, was born at Wilmington, Clinton Co., O.; was graduated at Wilmington College, Ohio, in 1878, and at the Union Theological Seminary, New York, in ’85, and took a post¬ graduate course in Germany; licensed Dec. ii, 1888, by Alle¬ gheny, and ordained, sine titulo, Dec. 10, ’89, by the same; Pro¬ fessor of Church History and Church Government in the Alle¬ gheny Seminary since 1890. Thomas, Andrew, joined the Presbyterian Church about 1868, and died in September, ’91, at Delta, Colorado. Thomas, Elam Z., Unity, Dec. 16, 1890; Leechburg, Pa., June 26, 1891. Thome, James L., Winfield, April 8, 1890; Union, Westmoreland Co., Pa., 1891. Thompson, James L., Lyndon, Jan. 22, 1891; S. S., Second Church, Buffalo, 1891. Thompson, Josiah, was born Aug. 24, 1820. Thompson, Samuel F., retired in 1889 to Tarkio, Mo. 4 50 THE MINISTRY. Thompson, William R., was born Aug. 9, 1855, near Smithfield, Jef¬ ferson Co., Ohio. Thompson, John J., was born April 14, i860, at Aledo, Ill.; was grad¬ uated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Xenia ; licensed April 15, 1890, by Rock Island, and ordained June 18, ’91, by Monmouth; Clayton, Ill., June, 1891. Tidbalt, Milford, Columbus City, June 13, 1889; Chariton, Iowa, April 16, 1890, and Tacona, May 23, ’90 —June 9, 1891. Torrence, George W., North Branch and Patterson, April 16, 1890. Torrence, James T., S. S., Smith Creek, Ill., i889-’9i ; York, Mo., December, 1891. Truesdaee, John C., Atlantic, 1889; Stanwood and Clarence, Iowa, October, 1889. Turnbuee, Richard, joined the Presbyterian Church in 1889, and took the Detroit church with him. Turner, Hugh B., Richmond, Kan., Nov. 25, 1886—Aug. 6, ’90; Crawfordsville, la., 1891. Turner, Thomas, (A. R.,) died in April, 1890, in White Co., Ill. Ure, David M., D. D., agent of the Allegheny Theological Seminary'. Vance, John Teyda, was born Jan. 12, 1866, in Westmoreland Co., Pa.; graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny ; was licensed April 10, 1889, by Char- tiers, and ordained Nov. 10, ’91, by Philadelphia; S. S. at Jean¬ nette, Pa., April, 1889 —April, ’90; Oxford, Pa., Nov., 1891— March 31, ’92. Van Fossen, Austin Rolland, was born June 4, 1856, at Norristown, Ohio ; was graduated at University of Indiana in 1881, and studied theology at Allegheny; was licensed June 28, 1887, by Mononga- hela, and ordained June 26, ’88, by the same; Mifflin and Home¬ stead, Allegheny Co., Pa., June, 1888—Sept. 23, ’90; Ingram, Pa., Nov. 3, 1890. Vertican, F. W., left the Church in 1889. Vincent, Alvan S., Spring Hill, Dec. 19, 1888 ; Paxton, 111 ., Sept. 17, 1889. Vincent, George C., D. D., Fairmount, Sept. 4, 1888, and Latrobe, Sept. 3, ’89 ; died Odlober 16, 1889. Vincent, William H., Mansfield, O., 1890 ; S. S., Detroit, Mich., 1890. Wade, Nixon E., Carrollton and Oakdale, Odf. 2, 1889 ; Kortright, N. Y., June 10, 1890. Waeker, Nathaniel R., Alpena, 1889 ; joined the Presb^derian Church in 1889, and is pastor at Delhi, Hamilton Co., O. THE MINISTRY. 51 Wallace, A. G., D. D., Sewickley, S. S., A})’.:., 1886 -July, ’88 ; editor oi Evangelical Repository, 1886—Dec., ’90; 011 the editorial staff of the United Presbyterian since 1868 ; publications : “ History of Class of 1847 in Jefferson College”; ‘‘Christ Among the Incura¬ bles,” a sermon. Wallace, Hugh F., D. D., Greeley, Col., Feb. i, 1891 ; Mt. Ayr, la., 1891. Wallace, John, (A. R.,) was born Dec. 25, 1800, in Ireland; grad¬ uated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1829, and studied the¬ ology w’ith Dr. John Black in Pittsburgh ; was licensed April 4, 1832, by Pittsburgh, (Ref. Pres.,) and ordained April 14, ’33, by Ohio, (Ref. Pres.;) was pastor in Muskingum Co., O., till 1855, and in ’57 joined the Associate Reformed Church ; pastor at Adamsville, Pa., May 6, 1862—May i, ’66; returned to the Re¬ formed Presbyterian Church, and died at Adamsville, Jan. 7, 1880. Wallace, Joseph, (A. R.,) died in 1875, in Beaufort, S. C. W.\LLACE, McClenahan H., was was born Dec. 19, i860, in Monmouth, Illinois ; educated at Monmouth, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny; was licensed April 19, 1887, by Mansfield, and ordained vSept. 12, ’88, by San Francisco; S. S., Castroville, Cal., 1888-89 J joined the Congregational Church, and is pastor in San Diego, California. Wallace, Washington, Amity, Sept. 16, 1890. Wallace, William, New Lisbon, 1888; principal of Norfolk College, i 888-’89; Bellaire, Jan 15, 1891. Wallace, William L., D. D., Norfolk, Va., 1888; died Sept. 9, i888» at Asbury Park, N. J. Warnock, James C., Le Claire Prairie, May i, 1889 ; Cedarville, O., Sept 10, 1889. Warnock, William Thomas, was born March 29, 1854, at Warnock, Belmont Co., O.; was graduated in 1884 at Franklin, and studied theology at Xenia ; was licensed March 28, 1888, by First Ohio, and ordained March 27, ’89, by Central Illinois ; S. S., Pana and Spring Creek, Ill., i889-’9o ; Summerfield, Neb., April 14, 1891. Warrington, George, Birmingham, Aug. 27, 1888 ; Beaver Falls, Pa., editor, 1888. Weir, William, Secretary National Reform, Washington, Pa. Welsh, Robert Lincoln, son of Rev. Robert C., was born 0 ( 51 . 15, 1865, at Canonsburg, Pa.; graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1887, and studied theology at Allegheny ; was licensed April 10, 1889, by Chartiers, and ordained June 10, ’90, byDes Moines ; Summerset, Iowa, June, 1890. Westlake, Henry, Utica and Sand}^ April 9, 1888. 52 THE MINISTRY. White, John C.,. Hanover, May 20, 1890; DeWitt, Iowa, March 11, 1891. White, William Parker, was born April 18, 1865, at Le Claire, Iowa ; was graduated at Monmouth in 1887, and studied theology at Xenia ; was licensed August, 1890, by Monmouth, and ordained April 13, ’91, by Rock Island ; Little York, Ill., April 28, 1891. White, Wilbert W., Professor Xenia Theological Seminary, 1889. Whitehill, Nelson A., Cuba and Pleasant Ridge, Nov. 20, 1888 ; Union, Southern Illinois, Jul}’' 3, 1889. Whiteside, George, was born Aug. 8, 1861, in Pittsburg, Pa.; was graduated at Grove City in 1888, and studied theology at Alle¬ gheny ; was licensed June 20, 1889, by Butler, and ordained Sept. I, ’91, by Westmoreland ; Parnassus and Logan’s Ferr3% Pa , Sept., 1891. Whitla, Jesse L., Edgerton, Feb. 12. 1889; joined the Presbyterian Church, and is without charge in Edgerton, Kan. Wiley, James A., Adams, Iowa, May 22, 1888 ; Red Oak and Pleas¬ ant Lawn, Iowa, July 2, 1888—Nov. 6, ’90 ; Smith Creek, Ill., Odf. 27, 1891. Williams. Melancthon B., died Dec. 6, 1889. Williamson, Leamon W., North Bend, Neb., Dec. 29, 1887—Ocl. 29, ’89; Chetopa, Kan., May i, 1890. Wilson, David C., Tingle}'', April 26, 1888—Aug. 29, ’88 ; agent of Tarkio College. Wilson, George, born Aug. 22, 1817, in Upper St. Clair, Alleghen}' Co., Pa.; publication: “The Kingdom of God Developed,” Ro^^al 8 VO., pp. 1052, 1887. Wilson, Gilbert G., Cutler, etc., Aug. 7, 1888 ; Wheatland, Ill., April 16, 1889. Wilson, Isaac A., Majors, Neb., June 26, 1889. Wilson, James T., S. S., Greenwich, N. Y., 1888 ; S. S., Muncie, Ind., 1888-’89 ; Henderson, Ill., Aug. 28, 1891. Wilson, Samuel, D. D., was born May 5, 1805. Wilson, Thomas J., Halsey, Ore., April 5, 1888. Wii^ON, William, was born March 4, 1862, at Jacksonville, Ill.; pri¬ vately educated ; ilicensed Feb. 10, 1883, by a Methodist Episcopal Conference, and ordained Aug. 21, ’87, in the Free Methodist Church; 2 filled several appointments ; joined the United Presby¬ terian Church, Dec. 22, 1891 ; S. S., Walton, Kan., 1891. Wilson, William H , was born Jan. 29, 1823 ; chaplain in the army, i862-’64. GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 53 Wilson, William Riley, was born Sept. 5, i860, at Fair Haven, Ohio; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson in 1886, and studied theology at Allegheny ; was licensed Aug. 28. 1888, by First Ohio, and ordained by Lake, Sept. 10, ’89; North vShenango, September, i889-’92 ; First Church, Mercer, 1892. WiSHART, William Irvine, son of Rev. Dr. William, born Odf. 2, 1864, at New Athens, O.; was graduated at Monmouth in 1888, and studied theology at Allegheny ; was licensed April 2, 1890, by Monmouth, and ordained June 9, ’91, b}- Allegheny ; Eighth Church, Allegheny, June, 1891. Wolf, Joseph Dennis, United States Army, i86i-’65 ; practiced law in Pensacola, Florida, 1865-’80 : editor of Pensacola Covunercial, 1880. Worden, Jarvis, was received OcT;. 15, 1889, from the Congregational Church, and served the City Temple Church in New'York for two years and a half, and then passed to the Episcopal Church. Work, Jeremiah B., Tuscarora and Concord, Jan. 19, 1891 ; principal of Norfolk College, Va., Jan., 1891. Wright, Isaac T., Fifth Church, Philadelphia, July 30, 1888; Lacka- wannock, Pa., May 7, 1889. Wright, Joseph H., First Church, Xenia; by death. Mar. 20, 1889. Wright, Wellington, Winchester and Y'alley Falls, Kan., April ii, 1888. Wyatt, Richard C., Newton, 1887; Norwich, O., April 15, 1890. Young, Alex, D. D., Emeritus Professor in Allegheny Seminary since 1891 ; resides at Pomona, Los Angeles Co., California. Young, George Everett, was born March 16, 1861, at Overton Bush. Roxboroughshire, Scotland ; was graduated at Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y., in 1887, and studied theolog}* at Xenia; was licemsed March 27, 1888, by Delaware, and ordained April 2, ’89, by Caledonia ; Howard, N. Y., April, 1889. Young, John Hugh, was born Feb. 5, 1834, and has retired to Pitts¬ burgh, Pa. OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. A. D. 1861 Rev. R. D. Harper, D. D., died Jan. 3, 1890. 1885 Rev. Wm. Johnston, D. D., died April 23, 1890. Place of Meeting. Name. PREsnvTFRv. 1888 Cedar Rapids, la. Rev. Wm. T. Meloy, D. D. Chicago. 1889 Springfield, O. Rev. E. S. McKitrick, D. I). Allegheny. 1890 Buffalo, N. Y. Rev. Andrew Watson, D. D. Egypt. 1891 Princeton, Ind. Rev. Thos. J. Kennedy, D. D. College Springs. 54 FEMALE FOREIGN MLSSIONARIEvS. AndeRvSON, Mrs. Jennie E. , daughter of Rev. James and Margaret (Mven, was born Aug. 13, 1868, near Pucket}' church, Westmore¬ land Co., Pa.; was married July 23, 1891, to Rev. W. T. Ander¬ son, and sailed with him, 0 ( 51 . 7, ’91, for the India Mission. Cummings, Mrs. Anna Abigail, daughter of Rev. R. G. and Charlotte Wallace, was born Sept. 21, 1864, at Burlington, Otsego Co., N. Y., and made a public profession of religion at thirteen; was graduated ^t Westminster in 1888; was married Julj^ ii, 1889, to Rev. T. F. Cummings, and on Ocl. 16, ’89, sailed with him for the India MLssion. FLmbleton, Miss Marion E. , daughter of Thomas W. and Catherine B. Embleton, was born Jan. i, 1865, in Henry Co., Ill., and united with the Church at fifteen ; undergraduate of Monmouth College, spent some time in home missionaiy- work in Lincoln, Neb., and sailed, 0 ( 51 . 7, 1891, for missionar}' work in India. Fife, Mrs. Mary Stewart, daughter of Robert I. and Lizzie M. Theaker, was born Sept. 19, 1864, in Cambridge, O.^ was graduated at Muskingum in 1885 ; married Rev. E. E. Fife, July 31, 1889. and sailed with him, 0 ( 51 . 16, ’89, for mission work in India. Giffen, Mrs. Frances, daughter of Rev. J. W. and Nannie E. ISIartin, was born March 5, 1865, in Carroll Co., O. ; was graduated at Muskingum in 1885 ; was married Aug. 31, 1886, to Rev. E. Morrison Giften, and sailed with him, OcT. 16, 1889, for the mis¬ sion in Egypt. Henry, Mrs. Eva Capitolia, (Hamilton,) was born Dec. 16, 1862, in Greensburg, Indiana, and graduated at the Female College at Oxford, O. ; was married March 16, 1882, to Dr. L. M. Heniy^, and sailed, 0 ( 51 . 7, 1891, with him for the mission in Egypt. Hogg, Miss Jessie, daughter of Rev. Dr. John and Bessie Hogg, was born Jan. 2, 1866, at Cairo, Egypt ; was educated mainl}" in Edin¬ burgh, Scotland; returned to her parents in Assiout, Egypt, in 1885, and entered upon her work as a missionary in Assiout in 1887. Holliday, Mrs. Lena Majs daughter of Henderson and Catherine Hays, was born near Uniontown, O., and made a public profes¬ sion of religion at thirteen : undergraduate of Franklin College ; was married Aug. 7, 1889, to Rev. T. E. Holliday, and sailed with him, OcT. 16, 1889, for the mission in India. Johnston, Mrs. Sophia Eliza, M. D., {?iee Watson,) was born March 16, 1852, of Christian parents, her father a Scotchman and her mother a native of India, at Bareli, in India ; was educated at the Boarding School of the American Presbyterian mission in Dehra, MISSIONARIES. 55 and at the Mussoorie School ; made a profession of religion at sixteen ; was early married and left a widow ; labored at Zenana work in Gurdaspur ; came to the United States in 1885, and was graduated at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia ; sailed Jan. I, 1890, for India, and is in charge of the Mission Hospital at Jheluni. Kruidener, Mrs. Henrietta, (Poel,) was born Feb. 24 1867, at Anded, in Holland, and was brought up in the Reformed Church of PIol- land ; was married Aug. i, 1889, to the Rev. Jeremias Kruidener, and sailed with him, Oct. 16, 1889, for the mission in Egypt. Logan, Miss Mary E., was born in 1867, in Rush Co., Ind., and was educated in the Normal School at Richmond, Ind., and Mon¬ mouth College ; sailed 0 ( 51 . 7, 1891, for the foreign mission field in India. McGarey, Miss Lavinia J., daughter of Enoch and Martha Jane Mc- Garey, was born Nov. 16, 1862, in Belleview, Jefferson Co., Pa.: made a profession of religion at thirteen, and was a specially suc¬ cessful Sabbath school teacher ; sailed 0 ( 5 t. 16, 1889, for mission work in India. Married Rev. G. W. Morrison in 1892. Martin, Mrs. Elizabeth, daughter of John G. and Mar^' A. Gregory, was born July 9, 1867 ; was graduated at Muskingum in 1888 ; was married Aug. 2, 1888, to Rev. J. H. Martin, and sailed with him, Oct. 24, 1888, for the India Mission. Martin, Miss Mary Rachel, daughter of the Rev; Samuel Martin, D. D., was born Dec. 29, 1867, in Sialkot, India; came to the United States, and was graduated at Muskingum in 1887 ; she made a public profession of religion at eleven years of age, and sailed Oct. 18, 1890, to join her father in the India mission. Morrison, Mrs. Edna, daughter of Mr. and Mrs Patton, was born in 1866, in Xenia, Ohio ; was married in 1888 to Rev. George W. Morrison, and sailed with him, Oct. 24, 1888, for the mission in India, and died at Guj ran walla, India, April 7, 1890. Nichol, Mrs. Laura Katherine, daughter of Simon and Joanna Herget, was born Jan. 3, 1865, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; was married Sept. 12, 1889, to Rev. W. M. Nichol, and sailed with him 0 ( 51 . 18, 1889, for mission work in Egypt, and died July 17, 1890, at Monsoora, Egypt. Parks, Miss Minnie Cameron, was born April 24, 1863, in Doniphan Co., Kansas ; educated at Pawnee City, Neb., taught school for several years, spent a year in church work in Denver, Colorado, and sailed, 0 ( 5 t. 16, 1891, for the mission field in India. 56 SEMINARIES. Porter, Mrs. Laura Josephine, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Fortne3% was born July 22, 1865, at Pleasant Unity, Westmoreland Co., Pa.; was married May 6, 1891, to Rev. E. L. Porter, and embarked with him Oct. 7, 1891, for service in India. Work, Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Josiah and Sarah Work, was born Nov. 7, 1863, in Mahoning, Pa.; was graduated at the State Normal vSchool at Indiana, Pa., and sailed, 0 (ft. 18, 1890, for the Egyptian Mission. Young, Miss Susan A., daughter of Janies and Jessie Young, was born Ocd. 21, 1868, in Tama Co., Iowa; joined the Church when twelve 3^ears old, was graduated at the State Normal School in 1890, and sailed Odt. 7, 1891, for the Mission in India. Lansing, Mrs. Sarah Blakel3’—not Blankley, (Dales,) died Nov. 26, 1889, in Cairo, Egypt, in the seventieth year of her age, and the thhiy-sixth 3’^ear of her niissionar3" work in Syria and Egypt. MEDICAL MIvSSIONARIES. L.A.NSING, Elmer E., M. D., and wife, retired from the Eg3'ptian Mis¬ sion in 1888. The3' still live in Cairo, and he is engaged in a general medical pra( 5 tice. Henry, Villora Meek, M. D., was born June 26, 1854, at Brownsville, Licking Co., O., and reared at Spring Hill, Ind.; an undergradu¬ ate of Monmouth College, and graduate of the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, and post-graduate of the Pol3’clinic College in New York City; he practiced his profession for eight or nine 3’ears at Idana, Cla3^ Co., Kan. He built up a large and lucra¬ tive pra( 5 tice, and for years supported a missionar3' in the foreign field. This person dying, he felt a personal call to give himself and his worldl3'^ income to the work, and, being heartil3’ seconded b3’ his wife, they sailed Oct. 7, 1891, at their own expense, to join the Mission in Assiout, Egypt. THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. AT XENIA. 1873 James G. Carson, D. D . Resigned, 1888. 1889 Wilbert W. White, D. D. Professor of Hebrew and Old Testament Literature. AT ALLEGHENY. 1875 Alexander Young, D. D., LL. D. . . Made in 1891. 1890 Oliver J. Thatcher, D. D., Professor of Ecclesiastical History and Christian Missions, 57 PKRIODICAUS. THK KVANGELICAL RKPOvSITORY. By the appointment of the Board of Publication, Dr. R. J. Miller was editor of the Repository* in 1880 ; Dr. J. C. Boyd, 1881-’85 ; Drs. J. T. Cooper and A. G. Wallace, i885-’89. The magazine was then sold toj. D. Sands & Co. This firm published it for nearly two years, with Drs. A. G. Wallace, R. B. Pawing, J. C. Boyd, and J. D. Sands as editors. In October, 1890, they sold it to T. J. Mc- Kalip & Co., of Pittsburgh. Its publication was discontinued December, 1891. UNITED PRESBYTER IA .N. The Christian Intelligencer and Evangelical Guardian was established by an association of ministers, with Dr. McDill as editor, at Hamilton, Ohio, in 1829. After publishing thirteen volumes, the title in 1843, made simply the Evangelical Guardian. Dr. McDill continued to be the editor until 1847, when he turned it over to Dr. Joseph Claybaugh, of Oxford, O., with Rev. James Prestly, of Cincinnati, as managing editor. Under this arrange¬ ment it was published at Cincinnati, until it was united with the weekly United Presbyterian of Pittsburgh. This gives the full genesis of the United Presbyterian. THE MIDEANl). The Midland was first published in St. Louis, Mo., Jan. i, 1884, with Revs. W. P. McNary and A. H. Harshaw as editors and proprie¬ tors. In May, 1886, it came into the hands of Rev. Edwin B. Graham, and was moved to Omaha, Nebraska. The Midland Publishing Company was incorporated in 1888, and has published the paper since that time. Mr. Graham has been its editor since May, 1886. the: women’vS MISvSIONARY m.\gazine. A Monthly, established by the Women’s Board, in Xenia, O., August, 1887. collp:ges. TARKIO. Tarkio College is located at Tarkio, Atchison Co., Missouri, in the extreme northwestern corner of the State, and is in the bounds of the United Presbyterian Presbytery of College Springs, and under 58 C()LLK(iKS. tile control of the vSynods of Iowa and Nebraska. It was estaVi- lished as a private school in Au<^ust, 1883. After one rear it was transferred to the College vSprings Presbytery, and subse¬ quently placed under the control of the Synods of Iowa and Kan¬ sas. Still later the Synod of Nebraska was admitted to its con¬ trol, and Kansas withdrew. Its first President was the late Rev. vSamnel C. Marshall, D. 1 )., who was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph A. Thompson. It has a large and handsome building, and an endowment of $57,000, with good prospecd of an increase. Its attendance is good, and growing every year. Its chief benefacTor has been the Hon. David Rankin, a member of the United Presbyterian Church at Tarkio, whose contributions have amounted in the whole to more than $40,000. AMITY COLLEGE Is located at College Springs, Page Co., Iowa, and originated in the idea of establishing a colony of Christian families on a plan that would insure a permanent fund for an institution of learning of a reformatory character. An association was formed for this purpose in 1854, and a committee of exploration appointed which secured land in Cass and Page Cos., in Iowa, and Nodaway Co., in Missouri. This land, purchased by the company’s funds, was sold to stockholders at $2.50 per acre, and the proceeds from the land sold to others than stockholders, were applied to the estab¬ lishment and maintenance of an institution of learning. A school was incorporated in 1855, under the name of “Amity Col¬ lege.” It was opened with 30 scholars in 1857, by Prof. George P. Kimball, and was conducted as an Academy for fifteen years. The Rev. A. T. McDill took charge of it in 1872, and put it upon a College basis. In 1878 he was succeeded by the Rev. S. C. Marshall, D. D., who enlarged the course of study, and in 1883 he was succeeded by its present President, the Rev. T. J. Ken¬ nedy, D. D. The institution is well housed, partly endowed, carries on six Depart¬ ments, viz.: Classical, Scientific, Normal, Musical and Art. It has eleven professors, and in 1891 had over 300 students. It is not professedly a denominational college, but it has been largely un¬ der the influence and maintained b}’^ the patronage of the United Presbyterian Church. COOPER MEMORIAL COLLEGE. In OcTober, 1886, the Sterling Land & Investment Company offered CORRI-XTIONS. 59 to the Synod of Kansas a site of ten acres in vSterling, Rice Co., Kansas, and to erect thereon a College building to cost not less than $25,000. The building to be ready for occupancy by the loth of vSeptember, 1887, upon condition that the Synod would locate its college on the proposed site, operate and maintain it, and raise an endowment fund of $25,000. The Synod accepted the offer, on condition that five years be given to raise the fund. The name “Cooper Memorial” was given to the College in honor of the Rev. Joseph T. Cooper, D. D., TL. D., a man honored and be¬ loved throughout the Church, whose death had occurred the pre¬ ceding AugUvSt. A Senate for the management of the institution was named in the charter. This Senate held its first meeting July 28, 1887, and the doors of the college were opened to students the first of the following November, under Prof. A. N. Porter as act¬ ing President. Various circumstances at this time made the work of maintaining and developing the school especially difficult, and the history of the first two j^ears was one of struggle, of doubt and fears. But one by one the difficulties were met and overcome. Rev. F. M. Spencer, D. D., was inaugurated Sept. 4, 1889, as President, and the teaching force was increased. The number of students has also largel}^ increased, and the college has grown in the respect and confidence of the conimunit}^ and Church at large. The Synod of Kansas fulfulled its part of the agreement, and secured the endowment of $25,000, and on the 7th of 0 ( 5 tober, 1891, the deed of the property was transferred to it with appropriate public exercises. SOMP: MISCELLANEOUS CORRECTIONS. Page 12, line 6th, read “^>'(!3t«v. ‘v!;/?;‘u /;.-v ^ M ■j ■■ li ■i-; .-.■ ■ , >v> >«: - r: - ; •> ’ ■ • . •. ^ ■.' 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