HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY, IL PAST and PRESENT H ISl^ORY COUNTY, ILLINOIS: CONTAINING A HISTORY OF THE COUNTY; ITS CITIES, TOWNS, ETC.; A BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF ITS CITIZENS; WAR RECORD OF ITS VOLUNTEERS IN THE LATE REBELLION ; PORTRAITS OF ITS EARLY SETTLERS AND PROMINENT MEN; GENERAL AND LOCAL STATISTICS; HIS- TORY OF THE NORTHWEST; HISTORY OF ILLINOIS; CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES; MAP OF MORGAN COUNTY; MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS, ETC., ETC. IL L US TRA TED CHICAGO: DONNELLEY, LOYD & CO., PUBLISHERS. 1878. COPYRIGHT. DONNELLEY, LOYD AND COMPANY, 1878. MORGAN V -"'A. PREFACE. But little over half a century ago and not a white man dwelt in the present confines of Morgan County. It was then a luxuriant, trackless, uninhabited . domain? with no life save that of the wild beast or bird, native savage, or >^** ' wandering hunter, or explorer, in his search for new scenes and fresh exploits. One hundred and thirty-six years before that time, the western borders of the county had first fallen under the gaze of the white man, as the devoted mis- sionary, Marquette, paddled up the Illinois River, on his return voyage of discovery. It will soon be two hundred years since the first habitation of the white man appeared in the Mississippi Valley. Ere he could do this, empires were to change, the native savages were to be expelled, and new powers were to come into energetic existence. Though the French were the discoverers of this beautiful, fertile valley, yet it was reserved to the sturdy Anglo-Saxon to develop its resources, and bring it to its present condition. The merry French- man loved ease, not conquest, and here he could pass his time in luxuriant idleness, the natural fertility of the soil providing abundantly for all his simple desires. .. A little over a century passed from the date of Marquette's explorations, until the War of Independence occurred, whereby this vast region passed into the hands of the valiant sons of freedom, and emigration began rapidly to pour into it. So quickly did the valley fill, that in less than half a century it was divided into territories and states; and in 1809, Illinois was recognized as an integral part of the Union. Nine years after, the State passed to the second grade of government. About this time the "Sangamo country" became noted in the East and South, and emigrants came thither in great number;:. Early in the Autumn of that year, Ambrose Collins, Elisha and Seymour Keilogg. their families, ' left their eastern home, proceeded in wagons to the heai navigation, for the West, where they embarked in flat-boats, and side by side, floated down the beautiful Ohio to old Shawneetown, where they disembar! resumed their first mode of travel, and went on to Carmi. As it was late in the season, they remained here during the winter, and the next summer proceeded J:o Edwardsville, then a prominent western town. Here Mr. Collins was taken sick, and with his family, with the exception of one son, Charles, was compelled to remain for the winter. The two Kelloggs, their families, and Charles, went on to the head of Mauvaisterre Creek, where, late in the Autumn of 1819. thcv " established their homes, the first in the county. The following winter they were visited by three commissioners from a New Yo'rk city colonization com- pany, one of whom, Isaac Fort Roe, remained and founded a home. XIV. PREFACE. however, lived but a short time, his death being the first among the whit residents in the present county. Emigration now began to come into the new country with surprisin rapidity, and five years after these events occurred, Morgan County was created retaining at that time the present counties of Scott and Cass, the former bein separated in 1832, the latter in 1837. To record the events from the arrival of the Kelloggs until the presen time, and preserve them for coming generations, has been the aim of this work This lapse of time has not been without its history ; a history so full of import ant events, and fraught with interest to the children of these sturdy pioneer; who left homes for these wild haunts, and whose energy has made .Morga: County what it is abounding in ." ealth, enterprise, and culture. To preserve correctly these annals has been our aim, and while we do no arrogate to ourselves accuracy beyond criticism, the narration will be foum measurably correct, the arrangement and collation of which compelled th careful examination and digestion of a labyrinth of facts, incidents, am narratives enveloped in the PAST, entering so largely into the PRESENT of th community in whose interest these pages have been written. To the patriarchs of the PAST, and to the representative men of the PRESENI without whose aid the undertaking would have been fruitless, we tender ou -grateful acknowledgements. Especially do we desire to record our obligation to JUDGE WILLIAM THOMAS, that eminent citizen, whose, pen has so faithfull preserved the PAST during his long residence in the county, and whose aid ha been so fredy given. Also to MR. TIMOTHY CHAMBERLAIN, secretary of the Ol Settlers' Association, for the use of the society's records, and the list of the oL settlers, prepared by him. To L R. BAILEY, for the use of the Sentinel (no> Coiirier) files, and for valuable information contained .in them. To MR. M. I SIMMONS, and MR. C. M. EAMES, for free access to*the Journal files. To th propriet "s and editor of the Courier, and to the Waverly and Meredosia pres: all of wh n freely exte ded aid to us whenever desired. To many others, .. nd to the citizens of Morgaji County in general, w tender our acknowledgements, for the uniform courtesy and kindness extends our representatives during the preparation of these annals, as well as for thei liberal patronage, without which this history could not have been prepared, ani would have i nained unwritten, and unpreserved. Respectfully, DONNELLEY, LOYD & CO., Publishers. CONTENTS. PAOK History of Northwest Territory.. 19 Geographical Position 19 Early Explorations 20 Discovery of the Ohio 33 English Explorations and Settlements 35 American Settlements 60 Division of the Northwest Territory 66 Tecumseh and the War of 1813 70 Black Hawk and the Black HawkWar 74 Other Indian Troubles 79 Present Condition of the Northwest 87 Illinois 99 Indiana 101 Iowa 102 Michigan 103 Wisconsin 104 Minnesota 106 Nebraska 107 History of Illinois 109 Coal 125,, r- Compactof 1787 llf^ Chicago 132 Early Discoveries 109 Early Settlements 115 Education 129 French Occupation 112 Genius of LaSalle 113 Material Resources 124 Massacre at Fort Dearborn. .141 Physical Features 121 Progress of Development 123 Religion and Morals 128 War Record of Illinois 130 History of Morgan County 221 Topography and Geology 221 Coal Measures 222 Limestone 227 Clays 228 Bafldlng Material 228 Railroads 229 Population 229 HISTORICAL. PAGE History of Morgan County: Agriculture 229 Agricultural Implements 242 Divisions of Land 243 Fences 243 Architecture ( Early) 244 Agricultural Organizations. .247 Morgan Coun'v Agricultural Society 250 Political History 252 County Offlceis since 1823... 263 Past and Present 267 Winnebago War (The) 288 The Deep Snow 293 Black Hawk War (The) 294 The Sudden Freeze 307 Railroads 310 Old Settlers Association 31!) Common Schools 330 Jacksonville, City of 334 Business Interests 354 Banks 354 Man ufactures 355 Water Works 356 Gas Works 357 Street Railway 357 Municipal History 357 Fire Department 361 Cemeteries 361 Lodges, Associations, and Societies 362 Militia 362 Young Meus Christian Asso- ciation 36-2 Reading Room and Library. 362 Jacksonville Library Asso- ' elation 363 Art Association of Jackson- ville 364 Jacksonville Literary Union. 364 Plato Club (The) 865 Jacksonville Horticultural Society 366 Jacksonville Natural History Society 366 Sorosis 367 PAuK Jacksonville, City of: Microscopical Society 367 Morgan County M Society 367 Jacksonville Medical Club... 367 Churches 367 City Schools 375 Illinois College 380 Whipple Academy 385 Jacksonville Female A> my 386 Illinois Female College 389 Jacksonville Business Col- lege 392 Athenaeum 394 Illinois Conservatory of Music ". 396 Orphans Home 398 The Press 399 The State Institutions 401 Illinois If'tltutlon for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb 401 Oak Lawn Retreat 409 Illinois Institation for the Education of the Blind 410 M,-redosia 413 Waverly 420 Murra \ ''.e 427 Franklin 128 Woodson 429 (hapin 430 Concord 431 Ly nnville 432 Prentice 432 Alexander. 433 ' Neelyviile 433 Arcadia -. . . . 434 Bethel 434 Morgan Citv 434 Literberry 435 Orleans 435 Pisgah... 435 Woodlyn 435 Sinclair 436 Yatesville 436 Mouth of the Mississippi sjl Source of the Mississippi 21 Wild Prairie $>3 LaSalle Landing OH the Shore of Green Bay 25 Buffalo Hunt 27 Trapping 29 Hunting 32 Iroquois Chief 34 Pontiac, the Ottawa Chieftain. . . 43 Indians Attacking Frontiers- men 56 A Prairie Storm 59 A Pioneer Dwelling 61 Breaking Prairie 63 Tecumseh, Shawnee Chieftain... 69 Indians Attacking a Stockade... 72 Black Hawk, the Sac Chieftain. . 75 Big Eagle 80 Capt. Jack, the Modoc Cnleftain 83 Kinzie House 85 ILLUSTRATIONS. Village Residence ............. 86 A Representative Pii ne ;r ....... 87 Lincoln Monument. Springfield. 88 A Pioneer School House ......... 89 Farm View in the Winter ....... 10 Spring Scene .................... s}l Pioneers 1 First Winter ........... 02 Apple Harvest .................... 4 Great Iron Bridge of the C., R. & P. R.R., crossing the Missis- sippi at D venport, Iowa ..... 96 A Western Dwelling .............. l r " Hunting Prairie Wolves at : Early Day ..................... u Starved Rock, on the Illinois River. LaSalle Co., HI .......... 110 An Early Settlement ............. 116 Chicago in 1833 ........ .......... 133 Old Fort Dearborn, 1830 ......... 136 Present Site Lake Street Bridge, Chicago, 1833 .................. 136 PA OK Ruins of Chicago 142 View of the City of Chicago 144 Shabbona 149 Illustrat'onsof the City of Jack- sonvill : Atneiueum :',N" Conservatory of Music 397 Conriei- Office . . 400 Grac _. E. Church 375 High c'-ool 379 I Hincts allege 383 Illinois female College 391 Illinois Institution for the Education of the Blind. ...411 Illinois Institution for (he Education <>f the Deaf and Dumb 401 Jacksonvi.,3 Female Acade- my 388 Jacksonville Woolen Mil Morgan County Court House.377 PAGK Burnett Isham 200 Curtiss T. E 212 De vere J. H 364 Hart Wm. P. Rev 219 PORTRAITS. PA<;K Langley James 146 drear William 348 Reinbach Harry 252 SeymourJWilliam... Strawn Jacob Widenham J. C.... PASS 182 ...frontispiece. 380 XVI CONTENTS. MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. PAGE Infantry. lOtb (3 months) 437 8th (3 years) 437 9th ' 437 9th (consolidated) 437 10th(3 years) 437 tltli " 441 14th " 441 Veteran Batallion, 14th and 15th 443 1 4th ( reorganized) 444 15th " 444 16th (3 years) 444 18th (reorganized) 444 19tn (3 years) 444 20th " 444 21st " 444 23d " 444 26th " 445 27th - 445 28th " 446 28th (consolidated) 446 29th (3 years) 447 30th 31st 32d 33d 34th 88th 38th 39th 41st 43d (consolidated). . . .... ^449 44th (3 years) .449 45th " 449 50th " 449 53rd " 450 .44 .447 .447 .448 .448 .449 .449 .449 .449 PAGE Infantry. 54th (3 years) 450 56th 450 57th " 450 58th (consolidated) 450 59th (3 years) 450 61st " 450 62d " 450 64th " 450 67th " 450 68th 450 71st (3 months) 450 73d (3 years).... 451 74th 76th 87th 91st 92d 94th 95th 99th 101st 105th 113th 115th 117th 118th 119th 122d 126th 129th 130th 133d 133d (100 days) 462 144th (3 years) 462 135th " 462 137th (100 days) 462 151 .451 .451 .452 .452 .452 .452 .452 .452 .460 .460 .460 .461 .461 .461 .461 .461 .461 .461 .461 PAGK Infantry. 140th (100 days) 462 144th (one year) 462 145th (100 days) 462 146th (one year) 463 149th (3 years) .463 150th (one year) 463 153d " 463 154th " 463 155th " 464 Cavalry. 2d ( 3 years) 464 3d " 464 3d (consolidated) 465 4th (3 years) 465 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th llth 12th 13th 465 465 465 465 466 466 466 466 466 J3th (consolidated) 466 15th (3 years) 467 17th " 467 Artillery. 1st 467 2d 467 Chicago Board of Trade 468 Springfield Light 468 29th U. S. Colored Infantry 468 30th " " " 468 First Army-Corps 468 Recruits for the U. S. Regular Army 468 DIRECTORIES. PAGE PAGE PAGE Jacksonville City Directory 469 Town 14 North Range 9 West .631 Town 15 North Range 12 West .717 Business Directorv.530 Town 13 North Range 8 West '..537 .. 10 .. " 11 " .657 .679 Town 16 North Range 8 West " 9 " .724 .727 9 " ..567 Town 15 North Range 8 West .685 " 10 " .733 " 11 " ..587 -.603 " 9 " 10 " .688 .694 .. 12 .739 .753 Town 14 North Range 8 West ..615 " 11 " .703 " 13 " .762 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. PAGE Adoption of Children itjfl BUN of Exchange and Promis- sory Notes 151 County Courts 155 Con veyances 164 Church Organizations 189 Descent 151 Deeds and Mortgages 157 Drainage 163 Damages from Trespass 169 Dfilnitiou "f Commercial Termsl73 Exemptions from Forced Sale... 156 Estrays 157 Fences 168 Forms: A i tides of Agreement 175 Bills of i-urchase 174 Billsof Sale 176 Forms: PAGE Bonds 176 Chattel Mortgages 177 Codicil 189 Lease of Farm and B'ldings.179 Lease of House 180 Landlord's Agreement 180 Notes 174 Notice Tenant to Quit 181 Orders 174 Quit Claim Deed 185 Receipt 1 74 Keal Estate Mortgage to se- cure Payment of Money. ...181 Release 186 Tenant's Agreement 180 Tenant's Notice to Quit 181 Warranty Deed 182 Will 187 PAGE Game 151 Interest 158 Jurisdiction of Courts 154 Limitation of Action 155 Landlord and Tenant 169 Liens 172 Married Women 155 Millers 159 Marks and Brands 159 Paupers 164 Roads and Bridges 161 Surveyors and Surveys 160 Suggestions to Persons purchas- ing Books by Subscription 190 Taxes 154 Wills and Estates 152 AVejghts and Measures 158 Wolf Scalps 164 PAGE Map of Morgan County front. Constitution of the United Statesl92 Klectors of President and Vice- Presklent. 1876 206 il Rules for every day use 207 TJ. S. Government Land Meas- ure 210 MISCELLANEOUS. PAGE Surveyors Measure 211 How to keep Accounts 211 Interest Table 212 Miscellaneous Table 212 Names of the States of the Union and their Significations 213 Population of the U. S 214 PAGE Population of Fifty Principal Cities of the U. S 214 Population and Area of the U. S.215 Population of the Principal Countries in the World 215 Population of Illinois 216 Agricultural Productions of Illi- nois by Counties 218 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION. When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of Minnesota lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi River ; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the " New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old " Northwestern Territory. " In comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast magnitude. It includes an area .of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula- tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of the entire population of the United States. Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent on the globe. For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North- west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United States. (19) 20 - THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. EARLY EXPLORATIONS. In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 35th parallel of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by DeSoto's defeat. Yet it was more than a century before any adventurer took advantage of these discoveries. In 1616, four years before the pilgrims " moored their bark on the wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene- trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two Jesuit missionaries founded the first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent result; yet it was not until 1659 that any of the adventurous fur traders attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their borders by Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude Allouez built the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary, and two years afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen- eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following Spring, where they were taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac. During M. Talon's explorations and Marquette's residence at St. Ignatius, they learned of a great river away^to the west, and fancied as all others did then that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospel had never come. Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a THK NOKTHWKST TKHKITORY.. 21 22 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe- dition, prepared for the undertaking. On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist- ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi a& exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar- quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, which these good people had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to thank hiin for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in giving them an abundant " chase." This was the farthest outpost to which Dablon and Allouez had extended their missionary labors the year previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to Joliet, said : " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun- tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Indian village on the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were now upon the bosom of th3 Father of Waters. The mystery was about to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 23 Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand *' reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab- itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas- tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors. THE WILD PRAIRIE. On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. After remaining a few days they re-embarked and descended the river to about latitude 33, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course 24 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. up the river, and ascending the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point to the lakes. " Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, ' did we see such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River.'' The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and reported their discovery one of the most important of the age, but of which no record was preserved save Marquette 's, Joliet losing his by the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the mouth of a stream going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan he asked to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and found him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefully passed away while at prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving . the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been called Marquette. While Marquette and his companions were pursuing their labors in the West, two men, differing widely from him and each other, were pre- paring to follow in his footsteps and perfect the discoveries so well begun by him. These were Robert de LaSalle and Louis Hennepin. After La Salle's return from the discovery of the Ohio River (see the narrative elsewhere), he established himself again among the French trading posts in Canada. Here he mused long upon the pet project of those ages a short way to China and the East, and was busily planning an expedition up the great lakes, and so across the continent to the Pacific, when Marquette returned from the Mississippi. At once the vigorous mind of LaSalle received from his and his companions' stories the idea that by fol- lowing the Great River northward, or by turning up some of the numerous western tributaries, the object could easily be gained. He applied to Frontenac, Governor General of Canada, and laid before him the plan, dim but gigantic. Frontenac entered warmly into his plans, and saw that LaSalie's idea to connect the great lakes by a chain of forts with the Gulf of Mexico would bind the country so wonderfully together, give un- measured power to France, and glory to himself, under whose adminis- tration he earnestly hoped all would be realized. LaSalle now repaired to France, laid his plans before the King, who warmly approved of them, and made him a Chevalier. He also received from all the noblemen the warmest wishes for his success. The Chev- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 25 alier returned to Canada, and busily entered upon his work. He at once rebuilt Fort Frontenac and constructed the first ship to sail on these fresh-water seas. On the 7th of August, 1679, having been joined by Hennepin, he began his voyage in the Griffin up Lake Erie. He passed over this lake, through the straits beyond, up Lake St. Clair and into Huron. In this lake they encountered heavy storms. They were some time at Michillimackinac, where LaSalle founded a. fort, and passed on to Green Bay, the " Baie des Puans''' of the French, where he found a large quantity of furs collected for him. He loaded the Griffin with these, and placing her under the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors, LA SALLE LANDING ON THE SHORE OF GREEN BAY. started her on her return voyage. The vessel was never afterward heard of. He remained about these parts until early in the Winter, when, hear- ing nothing from the Griffin, he collected all the men thirty working men and three monks and started again upon his great undertaking. By a short portage they passed to the Illinois or Kankakee, called by the Indians, "Theakeke," wolf, because of the tribes of Indians called by that name, commonly known as the Mahingans, dwelling there. The French pronounced it Kiakiki, which became corrupted to Kankakee. "Falling down the said river by easy journeys, the better to observe the country," about the last of December they reached a village of the Illi- nois Indians, containing some five hundred cabins, but at that moment 26 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. no inhabitants. The Seur de LaSalle being in want of some breadstuff's, took advantage of the absence of the Indians to help himself to a suffi- ciency of maize, large quantities of which he found concealed in holes under the wigwams. This village was situated near the present village of Utica in LaSalle County, Illinois. The corn being securely stored, the voyagers again betook themselves to the stream, and toward evening, on the 4th day of January, 1680, they came into a lake which must have been the lake of Peoria. This was called by the Indians Pim-i-te-wi, that is, a place where there are many fat beasts. Here the natives were met with in large numbers, but they were gentle and kind, and having spent some time with them, LaSalle determined to erect another fort in that place, for he had heard rumors that some of the adjoining tribes were trying to disturb the good feeling which existed, and some of his men were disposed to complain, owing to the hardships and perils of the travel. He called this fort " Crevecceur" (broken-heart), a name expressive of the very natural sorrow and anxietj^ which the pretty certain loss of his ship, Griffin, and his consequent impoverishment, the danger of hostility on the part of the Indians, and of mutiny among his own men, might well cause him. His fears were not entirely groundless. At one time poison was placed in his food, but fortunately was discovered. While building this fort, the Winter wore away, the prairies began to look green, and LaSalle, despairing of any reinforcements, concluded to return to Canada, raise new means and new men, and embark anew in the enterprise. For this purpose he made Hennepin the leader of a party to explore the head waters of the Mississippi, and he set out on his jour- ney. This journey was accomplished with the aid of a few persons, and was successfully made, though over an almost u iknown route, and in a bad season of the year. He safely reached Cana ^a, and set out again for the object of his search. Hennepin and his party left Fort Crevecoeur on the last of February, 1680. When LaSalle reached this place on his return expedition, he found the fort entirely deserted, and he was obliged to return again to Canada. He embarked the third time, and succeeded. Seven days after leaving the fort, Hennepin reached the Mississippi, and paddling up the icy stream as best he could, reached no higher than the Wisconsin River by the llth of April. Here he and his followers were taken prisoners by a band of Northern Indians, who treated them with great kindness. Hen- nepin's comrades were Anthony Auguel and Michael Ako. On this voy- age they found several beautiful lakes, and "saw some charming prairies." Their captors were the Isaute or Sauteurs, Chippewas, a tribe of the Sioux nation, who took them up the river until about the first of May, when they reached some falls, which Hennepin christened Falls of St. Anthony THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 27 in honor of his patron saint. Here they took the land, and traveling nearly two hundred miles to the northwest, brought them to their villages. Here they were kept about three months, were treated kindly by their captors, and at the end of that time, were met by a band of Frenchmen, BUFFALO HUNT. headed by one Seur de Luth, who, in pursuit of trade and game, had pene- trated thus far by the route of Lake Superior ; and with these fellow- countrymen Hennepin and his companions were allowed to return to the borders of civilized life in November, 1680, just after LaSalle had returned to the wilderness on his second trip. Hennepin soon after went to France, where he published an account of his adventures. 28 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. The Mississippi was first discovered by- De Soto in April, 1541, in his vain endeavor to find gold and precious gems. In the following Spring, De Soto, weary with hope long deferred, and worn out with his wander- ings, he fell a victim to disease, and on the 21st of May died. His followers, reduced by fatigue and disease to less than three hundred men, wandered about the country nearly a year, in the vain endeavor to rescue them- selves by land, and finally constructed seven small vessels, called brigan- tines, in which they embarked, and descending the river, supposing it would lead them to the sea, in July they came to the sea (Gulf of Mexico), and by September reached the Island of Cuba. They were the first to see the great outlet of the Mississippi ; but, being so weary and discouraged, made no attempt to claim the country, and hardly had an intelligent idea of what they had passed through. To La Salle, the intrepid explorer, belongs the honor of giving the first account of the mouths of the river. His great desire was to possess this entire country for his king, and in January, 1682, he and his band of explorers left the shores of Lake Michigan on their third attempt, crossed the portage, passed down the Illinois River, and on the 6th of February, reached the banks of the Mississippi. On the 13th they commenced their downward course, which they pursued with but one interruption, until upon the 6th of March they dis- covered the three great passages by which the river discharges its waters into the gulf. La Salle thus narrates the event : " We landed on the bank of the most western channel, about three leagues (nine miles) from its mouth. On the seventh, M. de LaSalle went to reconnoiter the shores of the neighboring sea, and M. de Tonti meanwhile examined the great middle channel. They found the main outlets beautiful, large and deep. On the 8th we reascended the river, a little above its confluence with the sea, to find a dry place beyond the re*ch of inundations. The elevation of the North Pole was here about twenty-seven degrees. Here we prepared a column and a cross, and to the column were affixed the arms of France with this inscription : Louis Le Grand, Roi De France et de Navarre, regne ; Le neuvieme Avril, 1682. The whole party, under arms, chanted the Te Deum, and then, after a salute and cries of " Vive le Roi," the column was erected by M. de La Salle, who, standing near it, proclaimed in a loud voice the authority of the King of France. LaSalle returned and laid the foundations of the Mis- sissippi settlements in Illinois, thence he proceeded to France, where another expedition was fitted out, of which he was commander, and in two :succeeding voyages failed to find the outlet of the river by sailing along the shore of the gulf. On his third voyage he was killed, through the THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 29 treachery of his followers, and the object of his expeditions was not accomplished until 1699, when D'Iberville, under the authority of the crown, discovered, on the second of March, by way of the sea, the mouth of the " Hidden River." This majestic stream was called by the natives 44 Malbouchia," and by the Spaniards, " la Palissade," from the great TRAPPING. number of trees about its mouth. After traversing the several outlets,, and satisfying himself as to its certainty, he erected a fort near its western outlet, and returned to France. An avenue of trade was now opened out which was fully improved. In 1718, New Orleans was laid out and settled by some European colo- nists. In 1762, the colony was made over to Spain, to be regained by France under the consulate of Napoleon. In 1803, it was purchased by 30 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. the United States for the sum of fifteen million dollars, and the territory of Louisiana and commerce of the Mississippi River came under the charge of the United States. Although LaSalle's labors ended in defeat and death, he had not worked and suffered in vain. He had thrown open to France and the world an immense and most valuable country ; had established several ports, and laid the foundations of more than one settlement there. " Peoria, Kaskaskia and Cahokia, are to this day monu- ments of LaSalle's labors ; for, though he had founded neither of them (unless Peoria, which was built nearly upon the site of Fort Crevecoeur,) it was by those whom he led into the West that these places were peopled and civilized. He was, if not the discoverer, the first settler of the Mississippi Valley, and as such deserves to be known and honored." The French early improved the opening made for them. Before the year 1698, the Rev. Father Gravier began a mission among the Illinois, and founded Kaskaskia. For some time this was merely a missionary station, where none but natives resided, it being one of three such vil- lages, tlie other two being Cahokia and Peoria. What is known of these missions is learned from a letter written by Father Gabriel Marest, dated " Aux Cascaskias, autrement dit de ITmmaculate Conception de la Sainte Vierge, le 9 Novembre, 1712." Soon after the founding of Kaskaskia, the missionary, Pinet, gathered a flock at Cahokia, while Peoria arose near the ruins of Fort Crevecoeur. This must have been about the year 1700. The post at Vincennes on the Oubache river, (pronounced Wa-ba, meaning summer cloud moving swiftly*) was estab- lished in 1702, according to the best authorities.* It is altogether prob- able that on LaSalle's last trip he established the stations at Kaskaskia and Cahokia. In July, 1701, the foundations of Fort Ponchartrain were laid by De la Motte Cadillac on the Detroit River. These sta- tions, with those established further north, were the earliest attempts to occupy the Northwest Territory. At the same time efforts were being made to occupy the Southwest, which finally culminated in the settle- ment and founding of the City of New Orleans by a colony from England in 1718. This was mainly accomplished through the efforts of the famous Mississippi Company, established by the notorious John Law, who so quickly arose into prominence in France, and who with his scheme so quickly and so ignominiously passed away. From the time of the founding of these stations for fifty years the French nation were engrossed with the settlement of the lower Missis- sippi, and the war with the Chicasaws, who had, in revenge for repeated * There is considerable dispute about this date, some asserting it was founded as late as 1742. When the new court house at Vincennes was erected, all authorities on the subject were carefully examined, and i'/02 fixed upon as the correct date. It was accordingly engraved on the corner-stone of the court house. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 31 injuries, cut off the entire colony at Natchez. Although the company did little for Louisiana, as the entire West was then called, yet it opened the trade through the Mississippi River, and started the raising of grains indigenous to that climate. Until the year 1750, but little is known of the settlements in the Northwest, as it was not until this time that the attention of the English was called to the occupation of this portion of the New World, which they then supposed they owned. Vivier, a missionary among the Illinois, writing from " Aux Illinois," six leagues from Fort Chartres, June 8, 1750, says: "We have here whites, negroes and Indians, to say nothing of cross-breeds. There are five French villages, and three villages of the natives, within a space of twenty-one leagues situated between the Mississippi and another river called the Karkadaid (Kaskaskias). In the five French villages are, perhaps, eleven hundred whites, three hundred blacks and some sixty red slaves or savages. The three Illinois towns do not contain more than eight hundred souls all told. Most of the French till the soil; they raise wheat, cattle, pigs and horses, and live like princes. Three times as much is produced as can be consumed ; and great quantities of grain and flour are sent to New Orleans." This city was now the seaport town of the Northwest, and save in the extreme northern part, where only furs and copper ore were found, almost all the products of the country found their way to France by the mouth of the Father of Waters. In another letter, dated Novem- ber 7, 1750, this same priest says : " For fifteen leagues above the mouth of the Mississippi one sees no dwellings, the ground being too low to be habitable. Thence to New Orleans, the lands are only partially occupied. New Orleans contains black, white and red, not more, I think, than twelve hundred persons. To this point come all lumber, bricks, salt-beef, tallow, tar, skins and bear's grease ; and above all, pork and flour from the Illinois. These things create some commerce, as forty vessels and more have come hither this year. Above New Orleans, plantations are again met with ; the most considerable is a colony of Germans, some ten leagues up the river. At Point Coupee, thirty -five leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, within five or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. Fifty leagues farther up is the Natchez post, where we have a garrison, who are kept prisoners through fear of the Chickasaws. Here and at Point Coupee, they raise excellent tobacco. Another hundred leagues brings us to the Arkansas, where we have also a fort and a garrison for the benefit of the river traders. * * * From the Arkansas to the Illinois, nearly five hundred leagues, there is not a settlement. There should be, however, a fort at the Oubache (Ohio), the only path by which the English can reach the Mississippi. In the Illinois country are numberless mines, but no one to W2 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. work them as they deserve." Father Marest, writing from the post at Vinceniies in 181 2, makes the same observation. Vivier also says : " Some individuals dig lead near the surface and supply the Indians and Canada. Two Spaniards now here, who claim to be adepts, say that our mines are like those of Mexico, and that if we would dig deeper, we should find silver under the lead ; and at any rate the lead is excellent. There is also in this country, beyond doubt, copper ore, as from time to time large pieces arc found in the streams." HUNTING. At the close of the year 1750, the French occupied, in addition to the lower Mississippi posts and those in Illinois, one at Du Quesne, one at the Maumee in the country of the Miamis, and one at Sandusky in what may be termed the Ohio Valley. In the northern part of the Northwest they had stations at St. Joseph's on the St. Joseph's of Lake Michigan, at Fort Ponchartrain (Detroit), at Michillimackanac or Massillimacanac, Fox River of Green Bay, and at Sault Ste. Marie. The fondest dreams of LaSalle were now fully realized. The French alone were possessors of this vast realm, basing their claim on discovery and settlement. Another nation, however, was now turning its attention to this extensive country, THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 33 and hearing of its wealth, began to lay plans for occupying it and for securing the great profits arising therefrom. The French, however, had another claim to this country, namely, the DISCOVERY OF THE OHIO. This " Beautiful " river was discovered by Robert Cavalier de La- Salle in 1669, four years before the discovery of the Mississippi by Joliet and Marquette. While LaSalle was at his trading post on the St. Lawrence, he found leisure to study nine Indian dialects, the chief of which was the Iroquois. He not only desired to facilitate his intercourse in trade, but he longed to travel and explore the unknown regions of the West. An incident soon occurred which decided him to" fit out an exploring expedition. While conversing with some Senecas, he learned of a river called the Ohio, which rose in their country and flowed to the sea, but at such a distance that it required eight months to reach its mouth. In this state- ment the Mississippi and its tributaries were considered as one stream. LaSalle believing, as most of the French at that period did, that the great rivers flowing west emptied into the Sea of California, was anxious to embark in the enterprise of discovering a route across the continent to the commerce of China and Japan. He repaired at once to Quebec to obtain the approval of the Gov- ernor. His eloquent appeal prevailed. The Governor-and the Intendant, Talon, issued letters patent authorizing the enterprise, but made no pro- vision to defray the expenses. At this juncture the seminary of St. Sul- pice decided to send out missionaries in connection with the expedition, and LaSalle offering to sell his improvements at LaChine to raise money, the offer was accepted by the Superior, and two thousand eight hundred dollars were raised, with which LaSalle purchased four canoes and the necessary supplies for the outfit. On the 6th of July, 1669, the party, numbering twenty-four persons, embarked in seven canoes on the St. Lawrence ; two additional canoes carried the Indian guides. In three days they were gliding over the bosom of Lake Ontario. Their guides conducted them directly to the Seneca village on the bank of the Genesee, in the vicinity of the present City of Rochester, New York. Here they expected to procure guides to conduct them to the Ohio, but in this they were disappointed. The Indians seemed unfriendly to the enterprise. LaSalle suspected that the Jesuits had prejudiced their minds against his plans. After waiting a month in the hope of gaining their object, they met an Indian 34 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. from the Iroquois colony at the head of Lake Ontario, who assured them that they could there find guides, and offered to conduct them thence. On their way they passed the mouth of the Niagara River, when they heard for the first time the distant thunder of the cataract. Arriving among the Iroquois, they met with a friendly reception, and learned from a Shawanee prisoner that they could reach the Ohio in six weeks. Delighted with the unexpected good fortune, they made ready to resume their journey ; but just as they were about to start they heard of the arrival of two Frenchmen in a neighboring village. One of them proved to be Louis Joliet, afterwards famous as an explorer in the West. He THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 35 had been sent by the Canadian Government to explore the copper mines on Lake Superior, but had failed, and was on his way back to Quebec. He gave the missionaries a map of the country he had explored in the lake region, together with an account of the condition of the Indians in that quarter. This induced the priests to determine on leaving the expedition and going to Lake Superior. LaSalle warned them that the Jesuits were probably occupying that field, and that they would meet with a cold reception. Nevertheless they persisted in their purpose, and after worship on the lake shore, parted from LaSalle. On arriving at Lake Superior, they found, as LaSalle had predicted, the Jesuit Fathers, Marquette and Dablon, occupying the field. These zealous disciples of Loyola informed them that they wanted no assistance from St. Sulpice, nor from those who made him their patron saint ; and thus repulsed, they returned to Montreal the following June without having made a single discovery or converted a single Indian. After parting with the priests, LaSalle went to the chief Iroquois village at Onondaga, where he obtained guides, and passing thence to a tributary of the Ohio south of Lake Erie, he descended the latter as far as the falls at Louisville. Thus was the Ohio discovered by LaSalle, the persevering and successful French explorer of the West, in 1669. The account of the latter part of his journey is found in an anony- mous paper, which purports to have been taken from the lips of LaSalle himself during a subsequent visit to Paris. In a letter written to Count Frontenac in 1667, shortly after the discovery, he himself says that he discovered the Ohio and descended it to the falls. This was regarded as an indisputable fact by the French authorities, who claimed the Ohio Valley upon another ground. When Washington was sent by the colony of Virginia in 1753, to demand of Gordeur de St. Pierre why the French had built a fort on the Monongahela, the haughty commandant at Quebec replied : " We claim the country on the Ohio by virtue of the discoveries of LaSalle, and will not give it up to the English. Our orders are to make prisoners of every Englishman found trading in the Ohio Valley.'* ENGLISH EXPLORATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. When the new year of 1750 broke in upon the Father of Waters and the Great Northwest, all was still wild save at the French posts already described. In 1749, when the English first began to think seri- ously about sending men into the West, the greater portion of the States of Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota were yet under the dominion of the red men. The English knew, however, pretty 36 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. conclusively of the nature of the wealth of these wilds. As early as 1710, Governor Spotswood, of Virginia, had commenced movements to secure the country west of the Alleghenies to the English crown. In Pennsylvania, Governor Keith and James Logan, secretary of the prov- ince, from 1719 to 1731, represented to the powers of England the neces- sity of securing the Western lands. Nothing was done, however, by that power save to take some diplomatic steps to secure the claims of Britain to this unexplored wilderness. England had from the outset claimed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, on the ground that the discovery of the seacoast and its possession was a discovery and possession of the country, and, as is well known, her grants to the colonies extended " from sea to sea." This was not all her claim. She had purchased from the Indian tribes large tracts of land. This lat- ter was also a strong argument. As early as 1684, Lord Howard, Gov- ernor of Virginia, held a treaty with the six nations. These were the great Northern Confederacy, and comprised at first the Mohawks, Onei- das, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas. Afterward the Tuscaroras were taken into the confederacy, and it became known as the Six NATIONS. They came under the protection of the mother country, and again in 1701, they repeated the agreement, and in September, 1726, a formal deed was drawn up and signed by the chiefs. The validity of this claim has often been disputed, but never successfully. In 1744, a purchase was made at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of certain lands within the " Colony of Virginia," for which the Indians received 200 in gold and a like sum in goods, with a promise that, as settlements increased, more should be paid. The Commissioners from Virginia were Colonel Thomas Lee and Colonel William Beverly. As settlements extended, the promise of more pay was called to mind, and Mr. Conrad Weiser was sent across the mountains with presents to appease the savages. Col. Lee, and some Virginians accompa- nied him with the intention of sounding the Indians upon their feelings regarding the English. They were not satisfied with their treatment, and plainly told the Commissioners why. The English did not desire the cultivation of the country, but the monopoly of the Indian trade. In 1748, the Ohio Company was formed, and petitioned the king for a grant of land beyond the Alleghenies. This was granted, and the government of Virginia was ordered to grant to them a half million acres, two hun- dred thousand of which were to be located at once. Upon the 12th of June, 1749, 800,000 acres from the line of Canada north and west was made to the Loyal Company, and on the 29th of October, 1751, 100,000 acres were given to the Greenbriar Company. All this time the French were not idle. They saw that, should the British gain a foothold in the West, especially upon the Ohio, they might not only prevent the French THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 37 settling upon it, but in time would come to the lower posts and so gain possession of the whole country. Upon the 10th of May, 1774, Vaud- reuil, Governor of Canada and the French possessions, well knowing the consequences that must arise from allowing the English to build trading- posts in the Northwest, seized some of their frontier posts, and to further secure the claim of the French to the West, he, in 1749, sent Louis Cel- eron.with a party of soldiers to plant along the Ohio River, in the mounds and at the mouths of its principal tributaries, plates of lead, on which were inscribed the claims of France. These were heard of in 1752, and within the memory of residents now living along the " Oyo," as the beautiful river was called by the French. One of these plates was found with the inscription partly defaced. It bears date August 16, 1749, and a copy of the inscription with particular account of the discovery of the plate, was sent by DeWitt Clinton to the American Antiquarian Society, among whose journals it may now be found.* These measures did not, however, deter the English from going on with their explorations, and though neither party resorted to arms, yet the conflict was gathering, and it was only a question of time when the storm would burst upon the frontier settlements. In 1750, Christopher Gist was sent by the Ohio Company to examine its lands. He went to a village of the Twigtwees, on the Miami, about one hundred and fifty miles above its mouth. He afterward spoke of it as very populous. From there he went down the Ohio River nearly to the falls at the present City of Louisville, and in November he commenced a survey of the Company's lands. Dur- ing the Winter, General Andrew Lewis performed a similar work for the Greenbriar Company. Meanwhile the French were busy in preparing their forts for defense, and in opening roads, and also sent a small party of soldiers to keep the Ohio clear. This party, having heard of the Eng- lish post on the Miami River, early in 1652, assisted by the Ottawas and Chippewas, attacked it, and, after a severe battle, in which fourteen of the natives were killed and others wounded, captured the garrison. (They were probably garrisoned in a block house). The traders were carried away to Canada, and one account says several were burned. This fort or post was called by the English Pickawillany. A memorial of the king's ministers refers to it as " Pickawillanes, in the center of the terri- tory between the Ohio and the Wabash. The name is probably some variation of Pickaway or Picqua in 1773, written by Rev. David Jones Pickaweke." * The following is a translation of the inscription on the plate: "In the year 1749. reign of Louis XV., King of France, we, Celeron, commandant of a detachment by Monsieur the Marquis of Gallisoniere, com- mander-in-chief of New France, to establish tranquility in certain Indian villages of these cantons, have buried this plate at the confluence of the Toradakoin, this twenty- ninth of July, near the river Ohio, otherwise Beautiful River, as a monument of renewal of possession which we have taken of the said river, and all Its tributaries; inasmuch as the preceding Kings of France have enjoyed it, and maintained it by their arms and treaties; especially by those of Ryswick, Utrecht, and Aix La Chapelle." 38 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. This was the first bloodshed between the French and English, and occurred near the present City of Piqua, Ohio, or at least at a point about forty-seven miles north of Dayton. Each nation became now more inter- ested in the progress of events in the Northwest. The English deter- mined to purchase from the Indians a title to the lands they wished to occupy, and Messrs. Fry (afterward Commander-in-chief over Washing- ton at the commencement of the French War of 1775-1763), Lomax and Patton were sent in the Spring of 1752 to hold a conference with the natives at Logstown to learn what they objected to in the treaty of Lan- caster already noticed, and to settle all difficulties. On the 9th of June, these Commissioners met the red men at Logstown, a little village on the north bank of the Ohio, about seventeen miles below the site of Pitts- burgh. Here had been a trading point for many years, but it was aban- doned by the Indians in 1750. At first the Indians declined to recognize the treaty of Lancaster, but, the Commissioners taking aside Montour, the interpreter, who was a son of the famous Catharine Montour, and a chief among the six nations, induced him to use his influence in their favor. This he did, and upon the 13th of June they all united in signing a deed, confirming the Lancaster treaty in its full extent, consenting to a settlement of the southeast of the Ohio, and guaranteeing that it should not be disturbed by them. These were the means used to obtain the first treaty with the Indians in the Ohio Valley. Meanwhile the powers beyond the sea were trying to out-manceuvre each other, and were professing to be at peace. The English generally outwitted the Indians, and failed in many instances to fulfill their con- tracts. They thereby gained the ill-will of the red men, and further increased the feeling by failing to provide them with arms and ammuni- tion. Said an old chief, at Easton, in 1758 : " The Indians on the Ohio left you because of your own fault. When we heard the French were coming, we asked you for help and arms, but we did not get them. The French came, they treated us kindly, and gained our affections. The Governor of Virginia settled on our lands for his own benefit, and, when we wanted help, forsook us." At the beginning of 1653, the English thought they had secured by title the lands in the West, but the French had quietly gathered cannon and military stores to be in readiness for the expected blow. The Eng- lish made other attempts to ratify these existing treaties, but not until the Summer could the Indians be gathered together to discuss the plans of the French. They had sent messages to the French, warning them away ; but they replied that they intended to complete the chain of forts already begun, and would not abandon the field. Soon after this, no satisfaction being obtained from the Ohio regard- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 39 ing the positions and purposes of the French, Governor Dinwiddie of Virginia determined to send to them another messenger and learn from them, if possible, their intentions. For this purpose he selected a young man, a surveyor, who, at the early age of nineteen, had received the rank of major, and who was thoroughly posted regarding frontier life. This personage was no other than the illustrious George Washington, who then held considerable interest in Western lands. He was at this time just twenty-two years of age. Taking Gist as his guide, the two, accompanied by four servitors, set out on their perilous march. They left Will's Creek on the 10th of November, 1753, and on the 22d reached the Monon- gahela, about ten miles above the fork. From there they went to Logstown, where Washington had a long conference with the chiefs of the Six Nations. From them he learned the condition of the French, and also heard of their determination not to come down the river till the fol- lowing Spring. The Indians were non-committal, as they were afraid 'to turn either way, and, as far as they could, desired to remain neutral. Washington, finding nothing could be done with them, went on to Venango, an old Indian town at the mouth of French Creek. Here the French had a fort, called Fort Machault. Through the rum and flattery of the French, he nearly lost all his Indian followers. Finding nothing of importance here, he pursued his way amid great privations, and on the llth of December reached the fort at the head of French Creek. Here he delivered Governor Dinwiddie's letter, received his answer, took his observations, and on the 16th set out upon his return journey with no one but Gist, his guide, and a few Indians who still remained true to him, notwithstanding the endeavors of the French to retain them. Their homeward journey was one of great peril and suffering from the cold, yet they reached home in safety on the 6th of January, 1754. From the letter of St. Pierre, commander of the French fort, sent by Washington to Governor Dinwiddie, it was learned that the French would not give up without a struggle. Active preparations were at once made in all the English colonies for the coming conflict, while the French finished the fort at Venango and strengthened their lines of fortifications, and gathered their forces to be in readiness. The Old Dominion was all alive. Virginia was the center of great activities ; volunteers were called for, and from all the neighboring colonies men rallied to the conflict, and everywhere along the Potomac men were enlisting under the Governor's proclamation which promised two hundred thousand acres on the Ohio. Along this river they were gathering as far as Will's Creek, and far beyond this point, whither Trent had come for assistance for his little band of forty-one men, who were 40 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. working away in hunger and want, to fortify that point at the fork of the Ohio, to which both parties were looking with deep interest. " The first birds of Spring filled the air with their song ; the swift river rolled by the Allegheny hillsides, swollen by the melting snows of Spring and the April showers. The leaves were appearing ; a few Indian scouts were seen, but no enemy seemed near at hand ; and all was so quiet, that Frazier, an old Indian scout and trader, who had been left by Trent in command, ventured to his home at the mouth of Turtle Creek, ten miles up the Monongahela. But, though all was so quiet in that wilder- ness, keen eyes had seen the low intrenchment rising at the fork, and swift feet had borne the news of it up the river ; and upon the morning of the 17th of April, Ensign Ward, who then had charge of it, saw upon the Allegheny a sight that made his heart sink sixty batteaux and three hundred canoes filled with men, and laden deep with cannon and stores. * * * That evening he supped with his captor, Contrecceur, and the next day he was bowed off by the Frenchman, and with his men and tools, marched up the Monongahela." The French and Indian war had begun. The treaty of Aix la Chapelle, in 1748, had left the boundaries between the French and English possessions unsettled, and the events already narrated show the French were determined to hold the country watered by the Mississippi and its tributaries ; while the English laid claims to the country by virtue of the discoveries of the Cabots, and claimed all the country from New- foundland to Florida, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The first decisive blow had now been struck, and the first attempt of the English, through the Ohio Company, to occupy these lands, had resulted disastrously to them. The French and Indians immediately completed the fortifications begun at the Fork, which they had so easily captured, and when completed gave to the fort the name of DuQuesne. Washing- ton was at Will's Creek when the news of the capture of the fort arrived. He at once departed to recapture it. On his way he entrenched him- self at a place called the " Meadows," where he erected a fort called by him Fort Necessity. From there he surprised and captured a force of French and Indians marching against him, but was soon after attacked in his fort by a much superior force, and was obliged to yield on the morning of July 4th. He was allowed to return to Virginia. The English Government immediately planned four campaigns ; one against Fort DuQuesne ; one against Nova Scotia ; one against Fort Niagara, and one against Crown Point. These occurred during 1755-6, and were not successful in driving the French from their possessions. The expedition against Fort DuQuesne was led by the famous General Braddock, who, refusing to listen to the advice of Washington and those THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 41 acquainted with Indian warfare, suffered such an inglorious defeat. This occurred on the morning of July 9th, and is generally known as the battle of Monongahela, or " Braddock's Defeat." The war continued with various vicissitudes through the years 17567 ; when, at the commence- ment of 1758, in accordance with the plans of William Pitt, then Secre- tary of State, afterwards Lord Chatham, active preparations were made to carry on the war. Three expeditions were planned for this year : one, under General Amherst, against Louisburg ; another, under Abercrombie* against Fort Ticonderoga ; and a third, under General Forbes, against Fort DuQuesne. On the 26th of July, Louisburg surrendered after a desperate resistance of more than forty days, and the eastern part of the Canadian possessions fell into the hands of the British. Abercrombie captured Fort Frontenac, and when the expedition against Fort DuQuesne, of which Washington had the active command, arrived there, it was found in flames and deserted. The English at once took possession,, rebuilt the fort, and in honor of their illustrious statesman, changed the name to Fort Pitt. The great object of the campaign of 1759, was the reduction of Canada. General Wolfe was to lay siege to Quebec ; Amherst was to reduce Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and General Prideaux was to capture Niagara. This latter place was taken in July, but the gallant Prideaux lost his life in the attempt. Amherst captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point without a blow ; and Wolfe, after making the memor- able ascent to the Plains of Abraham, on September 13th, defeated Montcalm, and on the 18th, the city capitulated. In this engagement Montcolm and Wolfe both lost their lives. De Levi, Montcalm's successor, marched to Sillery, three miles above the city, with the purpose of defeating the English, and there, on the 28th of the following April, was fought one of the bloodiest battles of the French and Indian War. It resulted in the defeat of the French, and the fall of the City of Montreal. The Governor signed a capitulation by which the whole of Canada was surrendered to the English. This practically concluded the war, but it was not until 1763 that the treaties of peace between France and England were signed. This was done on the 10th of February of that year, and under its provisions all the country east of the Mississippi and north of the Iberville River, in Louisiana, were ceded to England. At the same time Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. On the 13th of September, 1760, Major Robert Rogers was sent from Montreal to take charge of Detroit, the only remaining French post in the territory. He arrived there on the 19th of November, and sum- moned the place to surrender. At first the commander of the post, Beletre : refused, but on the 29th, hearing of the continued defeat of the 42 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. French arms, surrendered. Rogers remained there until December 23d under the personal protection of the celebrated chief, Pontiac, to whom, no doubt, he owed his safety. Pontiac had come here to inquire the purposes of the English in taking possession of the country. He was assured that they came simply to trade with the natives, and did not desire their country. This answer conciliated the savages, and did much to insure the safety of Rogers and his party during their stay, and while on their journey home. Rogers set out for Fort Pitt on December 23, and was just one month on the way. His route was from Detroit to Maumee, thence across the present State of Ohio directly to the fort. This was the com- mon trail of the Indians in their journeys from Sandusky to the fork of the Ohio. It went from Fort Sandusky, where Sandusky City now is, crossed the Huron river, then called Bald Eagle Creek, to " Mohickon John's Town" on Mohickon Creek, the northern branch of White Woman's River, and thence crossed to Beaver's Town, a Delaware town on what is now Sandy Creek. At Beaver's Town were probably one hundred and fifty warriors, and not less than three thousand acres of cleared land. . From there the track went up Sandy Creek to and across Big Beaver, and up the Ohio to Logstown, thence on to the fork. The Northwest Territory was now entirely under the English rule. New settlements began to be rapidly made, and the promise of a large trade was speedily manifested. Had the British carried out their promises with the natives none of those savage butcheries would have been perpe- trated, and the country would have been spared their recital. The renowned chief, Pontiac, was one of the leading spirits in these atrocities. We will now pause in our narrative, and notice the leading events in his life. The earliest authentic information regarding this noted Indian chief is learned from an account of an Indian trader named Alexander Henry, who, in the Spring of 1761, penetrated his domains as far as Missillimacnac. Pontiac was then a great friend of the French, but a bitter foe of the English, whom he considered as encroaching on his hunting grounds. Henry was obliged to disguise himself as a Canadian to insure safety, but was discovered by Pontiac, who bitterly reproached him and the English for their attempted subjugation of the West. He declared that no treaty had been made with them ; no presents sent them, and that he would resent any possession of the West by that nation. He was at the time about fifty years of age, tall and dignified, and was civil and military ruler of the Ottawas, Ojibwas and Pottawatamies. The Indians, from Lake Michigan to the borders of North Carolina, were united in this feeling, and at the time of the treaty of Paris, ratified February 10, 1763, a general conspiracy was formed to fall suddenly THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. PONTIAC, THE OTTAWA CHIEFTAIN. 44 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. upon the frontier British posts, and with one blow strike every man dead. Pontiac was the marked leader in all this, and was the commander of the Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Shawanese, Delawares and Mingoes, who had, for the time, laid aside their local quarrels to unite in this enterprise. The blow came, as near as can now be ascertained, on May 7, 1763. Nine British posts fell, and the Indians drank, " scooped up in the hollow of joined hands," the blood of many a Briton. Pontiac's immediate field of action was the garrison at Detroit. Here, however, the plans were frustrated by an Indian woman disclosing the plot the evening previous to his arrival. Everything was carried out r however, according to Pontiac's plans until the moment of action, when Major Gladwyn, the commander of the post, stepping to one of the Indian chiefs, suddenly drew aside his blanket and disclosed the concealed musket. Pontiac, though a brave man, turned pale and trembled. He saw his plan was known, and that the garrison were prepared. He endeavored to exculpate himself from any such intentions ; but the guilt was evident, and he and his followers were dismissed with a severe reprimand, and warned never to again enter the walls of the post. Pontiac at once laid siege to the fort, and until the treaty of peace between the British and the Western Indians, concluded in August, 1764, continued to harass and besiege the fortress. He organized a regular commissariat department, issued bills of credit written out on bark, which, to his credit, it may be stated, were punctually redeemed. At the conclusion of the treaty, in which it seems he took no part, he went further south, living many years among the Illinois. He had given up all hope of saving his country and race. After a time he endeavored to unite the Illinois tribe and those about St. Louis in a war with the whites. His efforts were fruitless, and only ended in a quarrel between himself and some Kaskaskia Indians, one of whom soon afterwards killed him. His death was, however, avenged by the northern Indians, who nearly exterminated the Illinois in the wars which followed. Had it not been for the treachery of a few of his followers, his plan for the extermination of the whites, a masterly one, would undoubtedly have been carried out. It was in the Spring of the year following Rogers' visit that Alex- ander Henry went to Missillimacnac, and everywhere found the strongest feelings against the English, who had not carried out their promises, and were doing nothing to conciliate the natives. Here he met the chief, Pontiac, who, after conveying to him in a speech the idea that their French father would awake soon and utterly destroy his enemies, said : " Englishman, although you have conquered the French, you have not THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 45 yet conquered us ! We are not your slaves ! These lakes, these woods, these mountains, were left us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance, and we will part with them to none. Your nation supposes that we, like the white people, can not live without bread and pork and beef. But you ought to know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided food for us upon these broad lakes and in these mountains." He then spoke of the fact that no treaty had been made with them, no presents sent them, and that he and his people were yet for war. Such were the feelings of the Northwestern Indians immediately after the English took possession of their country. These feelings were no doubt encouraged by the Canadians and French, who hoped that yet the French arms might prevail. The treaty of Paris, however, gave to the English the right to this vast domain, and active preparations were going on to occupy it and enjoy its trade and emoluments. In 1762, France, by a secret treaty, ceded Louisiana to Spain, to pre- vent it falling into the hands of the English, who were becoming masters of the entire West. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fon- tainbleau, gave to the English the domain of the country in question. Twenty years after, by the treaty of peace between the United States and England, that part of Canada lying south and west of the Great Lakes, comprehending a large territory which is the subject of these sketches, was acknowledged to be a portion of the United States ; and twenty years still later, in 1803, Louisiana was ceded by Spain back to France, and by France sold to the United States. In the half century, from the building of the Fort of Crevecoeur by LaSalle, in 1680, up to the erection of Fort Chartres, many French set- tlements had been made in that quarter. These have already been noticed, being those at St. Vincent (Vincennes), Kohokia or Cahokia, Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher, on the American Bottom, a large tract of rich alluvial soil in Illinois, on the Mississippi, opposite the site of St. Louis. By the treaty of Paris, the regions east of the Mississippi, including 1 all these and other towns of the Northwest, were given over to England; but they do not appear to have been taken possession of until 1765, when Captain Stirling, in the name of the Majesty of England, established him- self at Fort Chartres bearing with him the proclamation of General Gage, dated December 30, 1764, which promised religious freedom to all Cath- olics who worshiped here, and a right to leave the country with their effects if they wished, or to remain with the privileges of Englishmen. It was shortly after the occupancy of t>ae West by the British that the war with Pontiac opened. It is already noticed in the sketch of that chieftain. By it many a Briton lost his life, and many a frontier settle- 46 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. ment in its infancy ceased to exist. This was not ended until the year 1764, when, failing to capture Detroit, Niagara and Fort Pitt, his confed- eracy became disheartened, and, receiving no aid from the French, Pon- tiac abandoned the enterprise and departed to the Illinois, among whom he afterward lost his life. As soon as these difficulties were definitely settled, settlers began, rapidly to survey the country and prepare for occupation. During the year 1770, a number of persons from Virginia and other British provinces explored and marked out nearly all the valuable lands on the Mononga- hela and along the banks of the Ohio as far as the Little Kanawha. This was followed by another exploring expedition, in which George Washing- ton was a party. The latter, accompanied by Dr. Craik, Capt. Crawford end others, on the 20th of October, 1770, descended the Ohio from Pitts- burgh to the mouth of the Kanawha ; ascended that stream about fourteen, miles, marked out several large tracts of land, shot several buffalo, which were then abundant in the Ohio Valley, and returned to the fort. Pittsburgh was at this time a trading post, about which was clus- tered a village of some twenty houses, inhabited by Indian traders. This same year, Capt. Pittman visited Kaskaskia and its neighboring villages. He found there about sixty-five resident families, and at Cahokia only forty-five dwellings. At Fort Chartres was another small settlement, and at Detroit the garrison were quite prosperous and strong. For a year or two settlers continued to locate near some of these posts, generally Fort Pitt or Detroit, owing to the fears of the Indians, who still main- tained some feelings of hatred to the English. The trade from the posts was quite good, and from those in Illinois large quantities of pork and flour found their way to the New Orleans market. At this time the policy of the British Government was strongly opposed to the extension of the colonies west. In 1763, the King of England forbade, by royal proclamation, his colonial subjects from making a settlement beyond the sources of the rivers which fall into the Atlantic Ocean. At the instance of the Board of Trade, measures were taken to prevent the settlement without the limits prescribed, and to retain the commerce within easy reach of Great Britain. The commander-in-chief of the king's forces wrote in 1769 : " In the course of a few years necessity will compel the colonists, should they extend their settlements west, to provide manufactures of some kind for themselves, and when all connection upheld by commerce with the mother country ceases, an independency in their government will soon follow." In accordance with this policy, Gov. Gage issued a proclamation in 1772, commanding the inhabitants of Vincennes to abandon their set- tlements and join some of the Eastern English colonies. To this they THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 47 strenuously objected, giving good reasons therefor, and were allowed to remain. The strong opposition to this policy of Great Britain led to its change, and to such a course as to gain the attachment of the French population. In December, 1773, influential citizens of Quebec petitioned the king for an extension of the boundary lines of that province, which was granted, and Parliament passed an act on June 2, 1774, extend- ing the boundary so as to include the territory lying within the present States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. In consequence of the liberal policy pursued by the British Govern- ment toward the French settlers in the West, they were disposed to favor that nation in the war which soon followed with the colonies ; but the early alliance between France and America soon brought them to the side of the war for independence. In 1774, Gov. Dunmore, of Virginia, began to encourage emigration to the Western lands. He appointed magistrates at Fort Pitt under the pretense that the fort was under the government of that commonwealth. One of these justices, John Connelly, who possessed a tract of land in the Ohio Valley, gathered a force of men and garrisoned the fort, calling it Fort Dunmore. This and other parties were formed to select sites for settlements, and often caine in conflict with the Indians, who yet claimed portions of the valley, and several battles followed. These ended in the famous battle of Kanawha in July, where the Indians were defeated and driven across the Ohio. During the years 1775 and 1776, by the operations of land companies and the perseverance of individuals, several settlements were firmly estab- lished between ths Alleghanies and the Ohio River, and western land speculators were busy in Illinois and on the Wabash. At a council held in Kaskaskia on July 5, 1773, an association of English traders, calling themselves the " Illinois Land Company," obtained from ten chiefs of the Kaskaskia, Cahokia and Peoria tribes two large tracts of land lying on the east side of the Mississippi River south of the Illinois. In 1775, a mer- chant from the Illinois Country, named Viviat, came to Post Vincennes as the agent of the association called the " Wabash Land Company." On the 8th of October he obtained from eleven Piankeshaw chiefs, a deed for 37,497,600 acres of land. This deed was signed by the grantors, attested by a number of the inhabitants of Vincennes, and afterward recorded in the office of a notary public at Kaskaskia. This and other land com- panies had extensive schemes for the colonization of the West ; but all were frustrated by the breaking out of the Revolution. On the 20th of April, 1780, the two companies named consolidated under the name of the "United Illinois and Wabash Land Company." They afterward made 48 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. strenuous efforts to have these grants sanctioned by Congress, but all signally failed. When the War of the Revolution commenced, Kentucky was an unor- ganized country, though there were several settlements within her borders. In Hutchins' Topography of Virginia, it is stated thai at that time " Kaskaskia contained 80 houses, and nearly 1,000 white and black in- habitants the whites being a little the more numerous. Cahokia con- tains 50 houses and 300 white inhabitants, and 80 negroes. There were east of the Mississippi River, about the year 1771 " when these observa- tions were made " 300 white men capable of bearing arms, and 230 negroes." From 1775 until the expedition of Clark, nothing is recorded and nothing known of these settlements, save what is contained in a report made by a committee to Congress in June, 1778. From it the following extract is made : " Near the mouth of the River Kaskaskia, there is a village which appears to have contained nearly eighty families from the beginning of the late revolution. There are twelve families in a small village at la Prairie du Rochers, and near fifty families at the Kahokia Village. There are also four or five families at Fort Chartres and St. Philips, which is five miles further up the river." St. Louis had been settled in February, 1764, and at this time con- tained, including its neighboring towns, over six hundred whites and one hundred and fifty negroes. It must be remembered that all the country west of the Mississippi was now under French rule, and remained so until ceded again to Spain, its original owner, who afterwards sold it and the country including New Orleans to the United States. At Detroit there were, according to Capt. Carver, who was in the Northwest from 1766 to 1768, more than one hundred houses, and the river was settled for more than twenty miles, although poorly cultivated the people being engaged in the Indian trade. This old town has a history, which we will here relate. It is the oldest town in the Northwest, having been founded by Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac, in 1701. It was laid out in the form of an oblong square, of two acres in length, and an acre and a half in width. As described by A. D. Frazer, who first visited it and became a permanent resident of the place, in 1778, it comprised within its limits that space between Mr. Palmer's store (Conant Block) and Capt. Perkins' house (near the Arsenal building), and extended back as far as the public barn, and was bordered in front by the Detroit River. It was surrounded by oak and cedar pickets, about fifteen feet long, set in the ground, and had four gates east, west, north and south. Over the first three 'of these THE NOKTHWEST TERRITORY. 49 gates were block houses provided with four guns apiece, each a six- pounder. Two six-gun batteries were planted fronting the river and in a parallel direction with the block houses. There were four streets running cast and west, the main street being twenty feet wide and the rest fifteen feet, while the four streets crossing these at right angles were from ten to fifteen feet in width. At the date spoken of by Mr. Frazer, there was no fort within the enclosure, but a citadel on the ground corresponding to the present northwest corner of Jefferson Avenue and Wayne Street. The citadel was inclosed by pickets, and within it were erected barracks of wood, two stories high, sufficient to contain ten officers, and also barracks sufficient to contain four hundred men, and a provision store built of brick. The citadel also contained a hospital and guard-house. The old town of Detroit, in 1778, contained about sixty houses, most of them one story, with a few a story and a half iri height. They were all of logs, some hewn and some round. There was one building of splendid appearance, called the " King's Palace," two stories high, which stood near the east gate. It was built for Governor Hamilton, the first governor commissioned by the British. There were two guard-houses, one near the west gate and the other near the Government House. Each of the guards consisted of twenty-four men and a subaltern, who mounted regularly every morning between nine and ten o'clock, Each furnished four sentinels, who were relieved every two hours. There was also an officer of the day, who per- formed strict duty. Each of the gates was shut regularly at sunset ; even wicket gates were shut at nine o'clock, and all the keys were delivered into the hands of the commanding officer. They were opened in the morning at sunrise. No Indian or squaw was permitted to enter town with any weapon, such as a tomahawk or a knife. It was a stand- ing order that the Indians should deliver their arms and instruments of every kind before they were permitted to pass the sentinel, and they were restored to them on their return. No more than twenty-five Indians were allowed to enter the town at any one time, and they were admitted only at the east and west gates. At sundown the drums beat, and all the Indians were required to leave town instantly. There was a council house near the water side for the purpose of holding council with the Indians. The population of the town was about sixty families, in all about two hundred males and one hundred females. This town was destroyed by fire, all except one dwelling, in 1805. After which the present ik new " town was laid out. On the breaking out of the Revolution, the British held every post of importance in the West. Kentucky was formed as a component part of Virginia, and the sturdy pioneers of the West, alive to their interests, 50 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. and recognizing the great benefits of obtaining the control of the trade in this part of the New World, held steadily to their purposes, and those within the commonwealth of Kentucky proceeded to exercise their civil privileges, by electing John Todd and Richard Gallaway, burgesses to represent them in the Assembly of the parent state. Early in September of that year (1777) the first court was held in Harrodsburg, and Col. Bowman, afterwards major, who had arrived in August, was made the commander of a militia organization which had been commenced the March previous. Thus the tree of loyalty was growing. The chief spirit in this far-out colony, who had represented her the year previous east of the mountains, was now meditating a move unequaled in its boldness. He had been watching the movements of the British throughout the Northwest, and understood their whole plan. He saw it was through their possession of the posts at Detroit, Vincennes, Kaskaskia, and other places, which would give them constant and easy access to the various Indian tribes in the Northwest, that the British intended to penetrate the country from the north and soutn, ana annihi- late the frontier fortresses. This moving, energetic man was Colonel, afterwards General, George Rogers Clark. He knew the Indians were not unanimously in accord with the English, and he was convinced that, could the British be defeated and expelled from the Northwest, the natives might be easily awed into neutrality ; and by spies sent for the purpose, he satisfied himself that the enterprise against the Illinois settlements might easily succeed. Having convinced himself of the certainty of the project, he repaired to the Capital of Virginia, which place he reached on November 5th. While he was on his way, fortunately, on October 17th, Burgoyne had been defeated, and the spirits of the colonists greatly encouraged thereby. Patrick Henry was Governor of Virginia, and at once entered heartily into Clark's plans. The same plan had before been agitated in the Colonial Assemblies, but there was no one until Clark came who was sufficiently acquainted with the condition of affairs at the scene of action to be able to guide them. Clark, having satisfied the Virginia leaders of the feasibility of his plan, received, on the 2d of January, two sets of instructions one secret, the other open the latter authorized him to proceed to enlist seven companies to go to Kentucky, subject to his orders, and to serve three months from their arrival in the West. The secret order authorized him to arm these troops, to procure his powder and lead of General Hand at Pittsburgh, and to proceed at once to subjugate the country. With these instructions Clark repaired to Pittsburgh, choosing rather to raise his men west of the mountains, as he well knew all were needed in the colonies in the conflict there. He sent Col. W. B. Smith to Hoi- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. -51 ston for the same purpose, but neither succeeded in raising the required number of men. The settlers in these parts were afraid to leave their own firesides exposed to a vigilant foe, and but few could be induced to join the proposed expedition. With three companies and several private volunteers, Clark at length commenced his descent of the Ohio, which he navigated as far as the Falls, where he took possession of and fortified Corn Island, a small island between the present Cities of Louisville, Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana. Remains of this fortification may yet be found. At this place he appointed Col. Bowman to meet him with such recruits as had 'reached Kentucky by the southern route, and as many as could be spared from the station. Here he announced to the men their real destination. Having completed his arrangements, and chosen his party, he left a small garrison upon the island, and on the 24th of June, during a total eclipse of the sun, which to them augured no good, and which fixes beyond dispute the date of starting, he with his chosen band, fell down the river. His plan was to go by water as far as Fort Massac or Massacre, and thence march direct to Kaskaskia. Here he intended to surprise the garrison, and after its capture go to Cahokia, then to Vincennes, and lastly to Detroit. Should he fail, he intended to march directly to the Mississippi River and cross it into the Spanish country. Before his start he received two good items of infor- mation : one that the alliance had been formed between France and the United States ; and the other that the Indians throughout the Illinois country and the inhabitants, at the various frontier posts, had been led -to believe by the British that the u Long Knives" or Virginians, were the most fierce, bloodthirsty and cruel savages that ever scalped a foe. With this impression on their minds, Clark saw that proper management would cause them to submit at once from fear, if surprised, and then from grati- tude would become friendly if treated with unexpected leniency. The march to Kaskaskia was accomplished through a hot July- sun, and the town reached on the evening of July 4. He captured the fort near the village, and soon after the village itself by surprise, and without the loss of a single man or by killing any of the enemy. After sufficiently working upon the fears of the natives, Clark told them they were at per- fect liberty to worship as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the great conflict they would, also he would protect them from any barbarity from British or Indian foe. This had the desired effect, and the inhab- itants, so unexpectedly and so gratefully surprised by the unlocked for turn of affairs, at once swore allegiance to the American arms, and when Clark desired to go to Cahokia on the 6th of July, they accom- panied him, and through their influence the inhabitants of the place surrendered, and gladly placed themselves under his protection. Thus 52 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. the two important posts in Illinois passed from the hands of the English into the possession of Virginia. In the person of the priest at Kaskaskia, M. Gibault, Clark found a powerful ally and generous friend. Clark saw that, to retain possession of the Northwest and treat successfully with the Indians within its boun- daries, he must establish a government for the colonies he had taken. St. Vincent, the next important post to Detroit,remained yet to be taken before the Mississippi Valley was conquered. M. Gibault told him that he would alone, by persuasion, lead Vincennes to throw off its connection with England. Clark gladly accepted his offer, and on the 14th of July, in company with a fellow-townsman, M. Gibault started on his mission of peace, and on the 1st of August returned with the cheerful intelligence that the post on the " Oubache " had taken the oath of allegiance to the Old Dominion. During this interval, Clark established his courts, placed garrisons at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, successfully re-enlisted his men, sent word to have a fort, which proved the germ of Louisville, erected at the Falls of the Ohio, and dispatched Mr. Rocheblave, who had been commander at Kaskaskia, as a prisoner of war to Richmond. In October the County of Illinois was established by the Legislature of Virginia, John Todd appointed Lieutenant Colonel and Civil Governor, and in November General Clark and his men received the thanks of the Old Dominion through their Legislature. In a speech a few days afterward, Clark made known fully to the natives his plans, and at its close all came forward and swore alle- giance to the Long Knives. While he was doing this Governor Hamilton, having made his various arrangements, had left Detroit and moved down the Wabash to Vincennes intending to operate from that point in reducing the Illinois posts, and then proceed on down to Kentucky and drive the rebels from the West. Gen. Clark had, on the return of M. Gibault, dispatched Captain Helm, of Fauquier County, Virginia, with an attend- ant named Henry, across the Illinois prairies to command the fort. Hamilton knew nothing of the capitulation of the post, and was greatly -surprised on his arrival to be confronted by Capt. Helm, who, standing at the entrance of the fort by a loaded cannon ready to fire upon his assail- ants, demanded upon what terms Hamilton demanded possession of the fort. Being granted the rights of a prisoner of war, he surrendered to the British General, who could scarcely believe his eyes when he saw the force in the garrison. Hamilton, not realizing the character of the men with whom he was contending, gave up his intended campaign for the Winter, sent his four hundred Indian warriors to prevent troops from coming down the Ohio, THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 53 and to annoy the Americans in all ways, and sat quietly down to pass the Winter. Information of all these proceedings having reached Clark, he saw that immediate and decisive action was necessary, and that unless he captured Hamilton, Hamilton would capture him. Clark received the news on the 29th of January, 1779, and on February 4th, having suffi- ciently garrisoned Kaskaskia and Cahokia, he sent down the Mississippi a " battoe," as Major Bowman writes it, in order to ascend the Ohio and Wabash, and operate with the land forces gathering for the fray. On the next day, Clark, with his little force of one hundred and twenty men, set out for the post, and after incredible hard marching through much mud, the ground being thawed by the incessant spring rains, on the 22d reached the fort, and being joined by his " battoe," at once commenced the attack on the post. The aim of the American back- woodsman was unerring, and on the 24th the garrison surrendered to the intrepid boldness of Clark. The French were treated with great kind- ness, and gladly renewed their allegiance to Virginia. Hamilton was sent as a prisoner to Virginia, where he was kept in close confinement. During his command of the British frontier posts, he had offered prizes to the Indians for all the scalps of Americans they would bring to him, and had earned in consequence thereof the title " Hair-buyer General," by which he was ever afterward known. Detroit was now without doubt within easy reach of the enterprising Virginian, could he but raise the necessary force. Governor Henry being apprised of this, promised him the needed reinforcement, and Clark con- cluded to wait until he could capture and sufficiently garrison the posts. Had Clark failed in this bold undertaking, and Hamilton succeeded in uniting the western Indians for the next Spring's campaign, the West would indeed have been swept from the Mississippi to the Allegheny Mountains, and the great blow struck, which had been contemplated from the commencement, by the British. " But for this small army of dripping, but fearless Virginians, the union of all the tribes from Georgia to Maine against the colonies might have been effected, and the whole current of our history changed." At this time some fears were entertained by the Colonial Govern- ments that the Indians in the North and Northwest were inclining to the British, and under the instructions of Washington, now Commander-in- Chief of the Colonial army, and so bravely fighting for American inde- pendence, armed forces were sent against the Six Nations, and upon the Ohio frontier, Col. Bowman, acting under the same general's orders, marched against Indians within the present limits of that State. These expeditions were in the main successful, and the Indians were compelled to sue for peace. 54 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. During this same year (1779) the famous " Land Laws" of Virginia were passed. The passage of these laws was of more consequence to the pioneers of Kentucky and the Northwest than the gaining of a few Indian, conflicts. These laws confirmed in main all grants made, and guaranteed to all actual settlers their rights and privileges. After providing for the settlers, the laws provided for selling the balance of the public lands at forty cents per acre. To carry the Land Laws into effect, the Legislature sent four Virginians westward to attend to the various claims, over many of which great confusion prevailed concerning their validity. These gentlemen opened their court on October 13, 1779, at St. Asaphs, and continued until April 26, 1780, when they adjourned, having decided three thousand claims. They were succeeded by the surveyor, who came in the person of Mr. George May, and assumed his duties on the 10th day of the month whose name he bore. With the opening of the next year (1780) the troubles concerning the navigation of the Missis- sippi commenced. The Spanish Government exacted such measures in. relation to its trade as to cause the overtures made to the United States to be rejected. The American Government considered they had a right to navigate its channel. To enforce their claims, a fort was erected below the mouth of the Ohio on the Kentucky side of the river. The settle- ments in Kentucky were being rapidly filled by emigrants. It was dur- ing this year that the first seminary of learning was established in the "West in this young and enterprising Commonwealth. The settlers here did not look upon the building of this fort in a friendly manner, as it aroused the hostility of the Indians. Spain had been friendly to the Colonies during their struggle for independence,, and though for a while this friendship appeared in danger from the refusal of the free navigation of the river, yet it was finally settled to the satisfaction of both nations. The Winter of 1779-80 was one of the most unusually severe ones ever experienced in the West. The Indians always referred to it as the "Great Cold." Numbers of wild animals perished, and not a few pioneers lost their lives. The following Summer a party of Canadians and Indians attacked St. Louis, and attempted to take possession of it in consequence of the friendly disposition of Spain to the revolting colonies. They met with such a determined resistance on the part of the inhabitants, even the women taking part in the battle, that they were compelled to abandon the contest. They also made an attack on the settlements in Kentucky, but, becoming alarmed in some unaccountable manner, they fled the country in great haste. About this time arose the question in the Colonial Congress con- cerning the western lands claimed by Virginia, New York, Massachusetts. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 55 and Connecticut. The agitation concerning this subject finally led New York, on the 19th of February, 1780, to pass a law giving to the dele- gates of that State in Congress the power to cede her western lands for the benefit of the United States. This law was laid before Congress during the next month, but no steps were taken concerning it until Sep- tember 6th, when a resolution passed that body calling upon the States claiming western lands to release their claims in favor of the whole body. This basis formed the union, and was the first after all of those legislative measures which resulted in the creation of the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. In December of the same year, the plan of conquering Detroit again arose. The conquest might have easily been effected by Clark had the necessary aid been furnished him. Nothing decisive was done, yet the heads of the Government knew that the safety of the Northwest from British invasion lay in the capture and retention of that important post, the only unconquered one in the territory. Before the close of the year, Kentucky was divided into the Coun- ties of Lincoln, Fayette and Jefferson, and the act establishing the Town of Louisville was passed. This same year is also noted in the annals of American history as the year in which occurred Arnold's treason to the United States. Virginia, in accordance with the resolution of Congress, on the 2d day of January, 1781, agreed to yield her western lands to the United States upon certain conditions, which Congress would not accede to, and the Act of Cession, on the part of the Old Dominion, failed, nor was anything farther done until 1783. During all that time the Colonies were busily engaged in the struggle with the mother country, and in consequence thereof but little heed was given to the western settlements. Upon the 16th of April, 1781, the first birth north of the Ohio River of American parentage occurred, being that of Mary Heckewelder, daughter of the widely known Moravian missionary, whose band of Christian Indians suffered in after years a horrible massacre by the hands of the frontier settlers, who had been exasperated by the murder of several of their neighbors, and in their rage committed, without regard to humanity, a deed which forever afterwards cast a shade of shame upon their lives. For this and kindred outrages on the part of the whites, the Indians committed many deeds of cruelty which darken the years of 1771 and 1772 in the history of the Northwest. During the year 1782 a number of battles among the Indians and frontiersmen occurred, and between the Moravian Indians and the Wyan- dots. In these, horrible acts of cruelty were practised on the captives, many of such dark deeds transpiring under the leadership of the notorious 56 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. frontier outlaw, Simon Girty, whose name, as well as those of his brothers, was a terror to women and children. These occurred chiefly in the Ohio- valleys. Cotemporary with them were several engagements in Kentucky ,. in which the famous Daniel Boone engaged, and who, often by his skill and knowledge of Indian warfare, saved the outposts from cruel destruc- 1NDIANS ATTACKING FKONTIEKSMEN. tion. By the close of the year victory had perched upon the American banner, and on the 30th of November, provisional articles of peace had been arranged between the Commissioners of England and her uncon- querable colonies. Cornwallis had been defeated on the 19th of October preceding, and the liberty of America was assured. On the 19th of April following, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, peace was THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 5T proclaimed to the army of the United States, and on the 3d of the next September, the definite treaty which ended our revolutionary straggle was concluded. By the terms of that treaty, the boundaries of the West were as follows : On the north the line was to extend along the center of the Great Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long Lake ; thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of the Mississippi River; down its center to the 31st parallel of latitude, then on that line east to the head of the Appalachicola River ; down its center to its junc- tion with the Flint ; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's River, and thence down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. Following the cessation of hostilities with England, several posts were still occupied by the British in the North and West. Among these was Detroit, still in the hands of the enemy. Numerous engagements with the Indians throughout Ohio and Indiana occurred, upon whose lands adventurous whites would settle ere the title had been acquired by the proper treaty. To remedy this latter evil, Congress appointed commissioners to treat with the natives and purchase their lands, and prohibited the set- tlement of the territory until this could be done. Before the close of the year another attempt was made to capture Detroit, which was, however, not pushed, and Virginia, no longer feeling the interest in the Northwest she had formerly done, withdrew her troops, having on the 20th of December preceding authorized the whole of her possessions to be deeded to the United States. This was done on the 1st of March following, and the Northwest Territory passed from the control of the Old Dominion. To Gen. Clark and his soldiers, however, she gave a tract of one hundred and fifty thousand acres of land, to be situated any where north of the Ohio wherever they chose to locate them. They selected the region opposite the falls of the Ohio, where is nojv the dilapidated village of Clarksville, about midway between the Cities of New Albany and Jeffer- sonville, Indiana. While the frontier remained thus, and Gen. Haldimand at Detroit refused to evacuate alleging that he had no orders from his King to do so, settlers were rapidly gathering about the inland farts. In the Spring of 1784, Pittsburgh was regularly laid out, and from the journal of Arthur Lee, who passed through the town soon after on his way to the Indian council at Fort Mclntosh, we suppose it was not very prepossessing in appearance. He says : " Pittsburgh is inhabited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who live in paltry log houses, and are as dirty as if in the north of Ireland or even Scotland. There is a great deal of trade carried on, the goods being bought at the vast expense of forty-five shillings per pound from Phila- 58 THE- NORTHWEST TERRITORY. delphia and Baltimore. They take in the shops flour, wheat, skins and money. There are in the town four attorneys, two doctors, and not a priest of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel." Kentucky at this time contained thirty thousand inhabitants, and was beginning to discuss measures for a separation from Virginia. A land office was opened at Louisville, and measures were adopted to take defensive precaution against the Indians who were yet, in some instances, incited to deeds of violence by the British. Before the close of this year, 1784, the military' claimants of land began to occupy them, although no entries were recorded until 1787. The Indian title to the Northwest was not yet extinguished. They held large tracts- of lands, and in order to prevent bloodshed Congress adopted means for treaties with the original owners and provided for the surve3 r s of the lands gained thereby, as well as for those north of the Ohio, now in its possession. On January 31, 1786, a treaty was made with the Wabash Indians. The treaty of Fort Stanwix had been made in 1784. That at Fort Mclntosh in 1785, and through these much land was gained. The Wabash Indians, however, afterward refused to comply with the provisions of the treaty made with them, and in order to compel their adherence to its provisions, force was used. During the year 1786, the free navigation of the Mississippi came up in Congress, and caused various discussions, which resulted in no definite action, only serving to excite speculation in regard to the western lands. Congress had promised bounties of land to the soldiers of the Revolution, but owing to the unsettled condition of affairs along the Mississippi respecting its naviga- tion, and the trade of the Northwest, that body had, in 1783, declared its inability to fulfill these promises until a treaty could be concluded between the two Governments. Before the close of the year 1786, how- ever, it was able, through the treaties with the Indians, to allow some grants and the settlement thereon, and on the 14th of September Con- necticut ceded to the General Government the tract of land known as the " Connecticut Reserve," and before the close of the following year a large tract of land north of the Ohio was sold to a company, who at once took measures to settle it. By the provisions of this grant, the company were to pay the United States one dollar per acre, subject to a deduction of one-third for bad lands and other contingencies. They received 750,000 acres, bounded on the south by the Ohio, on the east by the seventh range of townships, on the west by the sixteenth range, and on the north by a line so drawn as to make the grant complete without the reservations. In addition to this, Congress afterward granted 100,000 acres to actual settlers, and 214,285 acres as army bounties under the resolutions of 1789 and 1790. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. ;>9 While Dr. Cutler, one of the agents of the company, was pressing its claims before Congress, that body was bringing into form an ordinance for the political and social organization of this Territory. When the cession was made by Virginia, in 1784, a plan was offered, but rejected. A motion had been made to strike from the proposed plan the prohibition of slavery, which prevailed. The plan was then discussed and altered, and finally passed unanimously, with the exception of South Carolina. By this proposition, the Territory was to have been divided into states A PRAIRIE STORM. by parallels and meridian lines. This, it was thought, would make ten states, which were to have been named as follows beginning at the northwest corner and going southwardly : Sylvania, Michigania, Cher- sonesus, Assenisipia, Mesopotamia, Illenoia, Saratoga, Washington, Poly- potamia and Pelisipia. There was a more serious objection to this plan than its category of names, the boundaries. The root of the difficulty was in the resolu- tion of Congress passed in October, 1780, which fixed the boundaries of the ceded lands to be from one hundred to one hundred and fifty miles 60 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. square. These resolutions being presented to the Legislatures of Vir- ginia and Massachusetts, they desired a change, and in July, 1786, the subject was taken up in Congress, and changed to favor a division into not more than five states, and not less than three. This was approved by the State Legislature of Virginia. The subject of the Government was again taken up by Congress in 1786, and discussed throughout that year and until July, 1787, when the famous "Compact of 1787" was passed, and the foundation of the government of the Northwest laid. This com- pact is fully discussed and explained in the history of Illinois in this book r and to it the reader is referred. The passage of this act and the grant to the New England Company was soon followed by an application to the Government by John Cleve& Symmes, of New Jersey, for a grant of the land between the Miamis. This gentleman had visited these lands soon after the treaty of 1786, and, being greatly pleased with them, offered similar terms to those given to the New England Company. The petition was referred to the Treasury Board with power to act, and a contract was concluded the following- year. During the Autumn the directors of the New England Company were preparing to occupy their grant the following Spring, and upon the 23d of November made arrangements for a party of forty-seven meiu under the superintendency of Gen. Rufus Putnam, to set forward. Six boat-builders were to leave at once, and on the first of January the sur- veyors and their assistants, twenty-six in number, were to meet at Hart- ford and proceed on their journey westward ; the remainder to follow as- soon as possible. Congress, in the meantime, upon the 3d of October, had ordered seven hundred troops for defense of the western settlers, and to prevent unauthorized intrusions ; and two days later appointed Arthur St. Clair Governor of the Territory of the Northwest. AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS. The civil organization of the Northwest Territory was now com- plete, and notwithstanding the uncertainty of Indian affairs, settlers from the East began to come into the country rapidly. The New England Company sent their men during the Winter of 1787-8 pressing on over the Alleghenies by the old Indian path which had been opened into Braddock's road, and which has since been made a national turnpike from Cumberland westward. Through the weary winter days they toiled on, and by April were all gathered on the Yohiogany, where boats had been built, and at once started for the Muskingum. Here they arrived on the 7th of that month, and unless the Moravian missionaries be regarded as the pioneers of Ohio, this little band can justly claim that honor. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 61 Gen. St. Clair, the appointed Governor of the Northwsst, not having yet arrived, a set of laws were passed, written out, and published by being nailed to a tree in the embryo town, and Jonathan Meigs appointed to administer them. Washington in writing of this, the first American settlement in the Northwest, said : " No colony in America was ever settled under such favorable auspices as that which has just commenced at Muskingunu Information, property and strength will be its characteristics. I know many of its settlers personally, and there never were men better calcu- lated to promote the welfare of such a community.' 1 A PIONEEll DWELLING. On the 2d of July a meeting of the directors and agents was held on the banks of the Muskingum, " for the purpose of naming the new- born city and its squares." As yet the settlement was known as the Muskingum," but that was now changed to the name Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette. The square upon which the block -houses stood was called " Campus Martins ;" square number 19, " Capitolium /" square number 61, " Cecilia ;" and the great road through the covert way, " Sacra Via.'' Two days after, an oration was delivered by James M. Varnum, who with S. H. Parsons and John Armstrong had been appointed to the judicial bench of the territory on the 16th of October, 1787. On July 9 r Gov. St. Clair arrived, and the colony began to assume form. The act of 1787 provided two district grades of government for the Northwest,. 02 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. under the first of which the whole power was invested in the hands of a governor and three district judges. This was immediately formed upon the Governor's arrival, and the first laws of the colony passed on the 25th of July. These provided for the organization of the militia, and on the next day appeared the Governor's proclamation, erecting all that country that had been ceded by the Indians east of the Scioto River into the County of Washington. From that time forward, notwithstanding the doubts yet existing as to the Indians, all Marietta prospered, and on the 2d of September the first court of the territory was held with imposing ceremonies. The emigration westward at this time was very great. The com- mander at Fort Harmer, at the mouth of the Muskingum, reported four thousand five hundred persons as having passed that post between Feb- ruary and June, 1788 many of whom would have purchased of the "Associates,", as the New England Company was called, had they been ready to receive them. On the 26th of November, 1787, Symmes issued a pamphlet stating the terms of his contract and the plan of sale he intended to adopt. In January, 1788, Matthias Denman, of New Jersey, took an active interest in Symmes' purchase, and located among other tracts the sections upon which Cincinnati has been built. Retaining one-third of this locality, he sold the other two-thirds to Robert Patterson and John Filson, and the three, about August, commenced to lay out a town on the spot, which was designated as being opposite Licking River, to the moulh of which they proposed to have a road cut from Lexington. The naming of the town is thus narrated in the "Western Annals " : " Mr. Filson, who had been a schoolmaster, was appointed to name the town, and, in respect to its situation, and as if with a prophetic perception of the mixed race that were to inhabit it in after days, he named it Losantiville, which, being interpreted, means : ville, the town ; anti, against or opposite to ; os, the mouth ; L. of Licking." Meanwhile, in July, Symmes got thirty persons and eight four-horse teams under way for the West. These reached Limestone (now Mays- ville) in September, where were several persons from Redstone. Here Mr. Symmes tried to found a settlement, but the great freshet of 1789 caused the " Point," as it was and is yet called, to be fifteen feet under water, and the settlement to be abandoned. The little band of settlers removed to the mouth of the Miami. Before Symmes and his colony left the " Point," two settlements had been made on his purchase. The first was by Mr. Stiltes, the original projector of the whole plan, who, with a colony of Redstone people, had located at the mouth of the Miami, whither Symmes went with his Maysville colony. Here a clearing had THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 63 been made by the Indians owing- to the great fertility of the soil. Mr. Stiltes with his colony came to this place on the 18th of November, 1788, with twenty-six persons, and, building a block-house, prepared to remain through the Winter. They named the settlement Columbia. Here they were kindly treated by the Indians, but suffered greatly from the flood of 1789. On the 4th of March, 1789, the Constitution of the United States 'went into operation, and on April 30, George Washington was inaug- urated President of the American people, and during the next Summer, an Indian war was commenced by the tribes north of the Ohio. The President at first used pacific means ; but these failing, he sent General Harmer against the hostile tribes. He destroyed several villages, but BREAKING PRAIKIE. was defeated in two battles, near the present City of Fort Wayne r Indiana. From this time till the close of 1795, the principal events were the wars with the various Indian tribes. In 1796, General St. Clair was appointed in command, and marched against the Indians ; but while he was encamped on a stream, the St. Mary, a branch of the Maumee, he was attacked and defeated with the loss of six hundred men. General Wayne was now sent against the savages. In August, 1794, he met them near the rapids of the Maumee, and gained a complete victory. This success, followed by vigorous measures, compelled the Indians to sue for peace, and on the 30th of July, the following year, the treaty of Greenville was signed by the principal chiefs, by which a large tract of country was ceded to the United States. Before proceeding in our narrative, we will pause to notice Fort Washington, erected in the early part of this war on the site of Cincinnati. Nearly all of the great cities of the Northwest, and indeed of the 64 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. wfeole country, have had their nuclei in those rude pioneer structures, known as forts or stockades. Thus Forts Dearborn, Washington, Pon- chartrain, mark the original sites of the now proud Cities of Chicago, Cincinnati and Detroit. So of most of the flourishing cities east and west of the Mississippi. Fort Washington, erected by Doughty in 1790, was a rude but highly interesting structure. It was composed of a number of strongly-built hewed log cabins. Those designed for soldiers' barracks were a story and a half high, while those composing the officers quarters were more imposing and more conveniently arranged and furnished. The whole were so placed as to form a hollow square, enclosing about an acre of ground, with a block house at each of the four angles. The logs for the construction of this fort were cut from the ground upon which it was erected. It stood between Third and Fourth Streets of the present city (Cincinnati) extending east of Eastern Row, now Broadway, which was then a narrow alley, and the eastern boundary of of the town as it was originally laid out. On the bank of the river, immediately in front of the fort, was an appendage of the fort, called the Artificer's Yard. It contained about two acres of ground, enclosed by small contiguous buildings, occupied by workshops and quarters of laborers. Within this enclosure there was a large two-story frame house, familiarly called the " Yellow House," built for the accommodation of the Quartermaster General. For many years this was the best finished and most commodious edifice in the Queen City. Fort Washington was for some time the headquarters of both the civil and military governments of the Northwestern Territory. Following the consummation of the treaty various gigantic land spec- ulations were entered into by different persons, who hoped to obtain from the Indians in Michigan and northern Indiana, large tracts of lands. These were generally discovered in time to prevent the outrageous schemes from being carried out, and from involving the settlers in war. On October 27, 1795, the treaty between the United States and Spain was signed, whereby the free navigation of the Mississippi was secured. No sooner had the treaty of 1795 been ratified than settlements began to pour rapidly intp the West. The great event of the year 1796 was the occupation of that part of the Northwest including Michigan, which was this year, under the provisions of the treaty, evacuated by the British forces. The United States, owing to certain conditions, did not feel justified in addressing the authorities in Canada in relation to Detroit and other frontier posts. When at last the British authorities were called to give them up, they at once complied, and General Wayne, who had done so much to preserve the frontier settlements, and who, before the year's close, sickened and died near Erie, transferred his head- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. DO quarters to the neighborhood of the lakes, where a county named after him was formed, which included the northwest of Ohio, all of Michigan, and the northeast of Indiana. During this same year settlements were formed at the present City of Chillicothe, along the Miami from Middle- town to Piqua, while in the more distant West, settlers and speculators began to appear in great numbers. In September, the City of Cleveland was laid out, and during the Summer and Autumn, Samuel Jackson and Jonathan Sharpless erected the first manufactory of paper the " Red- stone Paper Mill" in the West. St. Louis contained some seventy houses, and Detroit over three hundred, and along the river, contiguous to it, were more than three thousand inhabitants, mostly French Canadians, Indians and half-breeds, scarcely any Americans venturing yet into that part of the Northwest. The election of representatives for the territory had taken place, and on the 4th of February, 1799, they convened at Losantiville now known as Cincinnati, having been named so by Gov. St. Clair, and considered the capital of the Territory to nominate persons from whom the members of the Legislature were to be chosen in accordance with a previous ordinance. This nomination being made, the Assembly adjourned until the 16th of the following September. From those named the President selected as members of the council, Henry Vandenburg, of Vincennes, Robert Oliver, of Marietta, James Findlay and Jacob Burnett, of Cincinnati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. On the 16th of September the Territorial Legislature met, and on the 24th the two houses were duly organized, Henry Vandenbtirg being elected President of the Council. The message of Gov. St. Clair was addressed to the Legislature September 20th, and on October 13th that body elected as a delegate to Congress Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison, who received eleven of the votes cast, being a majority of one over his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of Gen. St. Clair. The whole number of acts passed at this session, and approved by the Governor, were thirty-seven eleven others were passed, but received his veto. The most important of those passed related to the militia, to the administration, and to taxation. On the 19th of December this pro- tracted session of the first Legislature in the West was closed, and on the 30th of December the President nominated Charles Willing Bryd to the office of Secretary of the Territory vice Wm. Henry Harrison, elected to Congress. The Senate confirmed his nomination the next day. 66 THE NOKTHWEST TERRITORY. DIVISION OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. The increased emigration to the Northwest, the extent of the domain r and the inconvenient modes of travel, made it very difficult to conduct the ordinary operations of government, and rendered the efficient action of courts almost impossible. To remedy this, it was deemed advisable to divide the territory for civil purposes. Congress, in 1800, appointed a committee to examine the question and report some means for its solution. This committee, on the 3d of March, reported that : " In the three western countries there has been but one court having cognizance of crimes, in five years, and the immunity which offenders experience attracts, as to an asylum, the most vile and abandoned crim- inals, and at the same time deters useful citizens from making settlements in such society. The extreme necessity of judiciary attention and assist- ance is experienced in civil as well as in criminal cases. * * * * To- minister a remedy to these and other evils, it occurs to this committee that it is expedient that a division of said territory into two distinct and separate governments should be made ; and that such division be made by a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami River, running directly north until it intersects the boundary between the United States and Canada." The report was accepted by Congress, and, in accordance with its suggestions, that body passed an Act extinguishing the Northwest Terri- tory, which Act was approved May 7. Among its provisions were these : " That from and after July 4 next, all that part of the Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River, which lies to the westward of a line beginning at a point on the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of the Kentucky River, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and Canada, shall, for the purpose of temporary government, constitute a- separate territory, and be called the Indiana Territory." After providing for the exercise of the civil and criminal powers of the territories, and other provisions, the Act further provides : " That until it shall otherwise be ordered by the Legislatures of the said Territories, respectively, Chillicothe on the Scioto River shall be the seat of government of the Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River; and that St. Vincennes on the Wabash River shall be the seat of government for the Indiana Territory." Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison was appointed Governor of the Indiana Territory, and entered upon his duties about a year later. Connecticut also about this time released her claims to the reserve, and in March a law THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 67 was passed accepting this cession. Settlements had been made upon thirty-five of the townships in the reserve, mills had been built, and seven hundred miles of road cut in various directions. On the 3d of November the General Assembly met at Chillicothe. Near the close of the year, the first missionary of the Connecticut Reserve came, who found no township containing more than eleven families. It was upon the first of October that the secret treaty had been made between Napoleon and the King of Spain, whereby the latter agreed to cede to France the province of Louisiana. In January, 1802, the Assembly of the Northwestern Territory char- tered the college at Athens. From the earliest dawn of the western colonies, education was promptly provided for, and as early as 1787, newspapers were issued from Pittsburgh and Kentucky, and largely read throughout the frontier settlements. Before the close of this year, the Congress of the United States granted to the citizens of the Northwestern territory the formation of a State government. One of the provisions of the "compact of 1787" provided that whenever the number of inhabit- ants within prescribed limits exceeded 45,000, they should be entitled to a separate government. The prescribed limits of Ohio contained, from a. census taken to ascertain the legality of the act, more than that number,, and on the 30th of April, 1802, Congress passed the act defining its limits,, and on the 29th of November the Constitution of the new State of Ohio, so named from the beautiful river forming its southern boundary, came into existence. The exact limits of Lake Michigan were not then known,, but the territory now included within the State of Michigan was wholly within the territory of Indiana. Gen. Harrison, while residing at Vincennes, made several treaties with the Indians, thereby gaining large tracts of lands. The next year is memorable in the history of the West for the purchase of Louisiana from France by the United States for $15,000,000. Thus by a peaceful mode, the domain of the United States was extended over a large tract of country west of the Mississippi, and was for a time under the jurisdiction of the Northwest government, and, as has been mentioned in the early- part of this narrative, was called the "New Northwest." The limits- of this history will not allow a description of its territory. The same year large grants of land were obtained from the Indians, and the House of Representatives of the new State of Ohio signed a bill respecting the College Township in the district of Cincinnati. Before the close of the year, Gen. Harrison obtained additional grants of lands from the various Indian nations in Indiana and the present limits of Illinois, and on the 18th of August, 1804, completed a treaty at St. Louis, whereby over 51,000,000 acres of lands were obtained from the 68 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. aborigines. Measures were also taken to learn the condition of affairs in and about Detroit. C. Jouett, the Indian agent in Michigan, still a part of Indiana Terri- tory, reported as follows upon the condition of matters at that post : " The Town of Detroit. The charter, which is for fifteen miles square, was granted in the time of Louis XIV. of France, and is now, from the best information I have been able to get, at Quebec. Of those two hundred and twenty-five acres, only four are occupied by the town and Fort Lenault. The remainder is a common, except twenty-four acres, which were added twenty years ago to a farm belonging to Wm. Macomb. * * * A stockade incloses the town, fort and citadel. The pickets, as well as the public houses, are in a state of gradual decay. The streets are narrow, straight and regular, and intersect each other at right angles. The houses are, for the most part, low and inelegant." During this year, Congress granted a township of land for the sup- port of a college, and began to offer inducements for settlers in these wilds, and the country now comprising the State of Michigan began to fill rapidly with settlers along its southern borders. This same year, also, a law was passed organizing the Southwest Territory, dividing it into two portions, the Territory of New Orleans, which city was made the seat of government, and the District of Louisiana, which was annexed to the domain of Gen. Harrison. On the llth of January, 1805, the Territory of Michigan was formed, Wm. Hull was appointed governor, with headquarters at Detroit, the ohange to take effect on June 30. On the llth of that month, a fire occurred at Detroit, which destroyed almost every building in the place. When the officers of the new territory reached the post, they found it in ruins, and the inhabitants scattered throughout the country. Rebuild- ing, however, soon commenced, and ere long the town contained more liouses than before the fire, and many of them much better built. While this was being done, Indiana had passed to the second grade of government, and through her General Assembly had obtained large tracts of land from the Indian tribes. To all this the celebrated Indian, Tecumthe or Tecumseh, vigorously protested, and it was the main cause of his attempts to unite the various Indian tribes in a conflict with the settlers. To obtain a full account of these attempts, the workings of the British, and the signal failure, culminating in the death of Tecumseh at the battle of the Thames, and the close of the war of 1812 in the Northwest, Ave will step aside in our story, and relate the principal events of his life, and his connection with this conflict. THE NOUTHWEST TERRITORY. 6tf TECUMSEH, THE SHAWANOE CHIEFTAIN. TO THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. TECUMSEH, AND THE WAR OF 1812. This famous Indian chief was born about the year 1768, not far from the site of the present City of Piqua, Ohio. His father, Puckeshinwa, was a member of the Kisopok tribe of the Swanoese nation, and his mother, Methontaske, was a member of the Turtle tribe of the same people. They removed from Florida about the middle of the last century to the birthplace of Tecumseh. In 1774, his father, who had risen to be chief, was slain at the battle of Point Pleasant, and not long after Tecum- seh, by his bravery, became the leader of his tribe. In 1795 he was declared chief, and then lived at Deer Creek, near the site of the present City of Urbana. He remained here about one year, when he returned to Piqua, and in 1798, he went to White River, Indiana. In 1805, he and his brother, Laulewasikan (Open Door), who had announced himself as a prophet, went to a tract of land on the Wabash River, given them by the Pottawatomies and Kickapoos. From this date the chief comes into prominence. He was now about thirty-seven years of age, was five feet and ten inches in height, was stoutly built, and possessed of enormous powers of endurance. His countenance was naturally pleas- ing, and he was, in general, devoid of those savage attributes possessed by most Indians. It is stated he could read and write, and had a confi- dential secretary and adviser, named Billy Caldwell, a half-breed, who afterward became chief of the Pottawatomies. He occupied the first house built on the site of Chicago. At this time, Tecumseh entered upon the great work of his life. He had long objected to the grants of land made by the Indians to the whites, and determined to unite all the Indian tribes into a league, in order that no treaties or grants of land could be made save by the consent of this confederation. He traveled constantly, going from north to south ; from the south to the north, everywhere urging the Indians to this step. He was a matchless orator, and his burning words had their effect. Gen. Harrison, then Governor of Indiana, by watching the move- ments of the Indians, became convinced that a grand conspiracy was forming, and made preparations to defend the settlements. Tecumseh's plan was similar to Pontiac's, elsewhere described, and to the cunning artifice of that chieftain was added his own sagacity. During the year 1809, Tecumseh and the prophet were actively pre- paring for the work. In that year, Gen. Harrison entered into a treaty with the Delawares, Kickapoos, Pottawatomies, Miamis, Eel River Indians and Weas, in which these tribes ceded to the whites certain lands upon the Wabash, to all of which Tecumseh entered a bitter protest, averring THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. .71 as one principal reason that he did not want the Indians .to give up any lands north and west of the Ohio River. Tecumseh, in August, 1810, visited the General at Vincennes and held a council relating to the grievances of the Indians. . Becoming unduly angry at this conference he was dismissed from the village, and soon after departed to incite the southern Indian tribes to the conflict. Gen. Harrison determined to move upon the chiefs headquarters at Tippecanoe, and for this purpose went about sixty-five miles up the Wabash, where he built Fort Harrison. From this place he went to the prophet's town, where he informed the Indians he had no hostile inten- tions, provided they were true to the existing treaties. He encamped near the village early in October, and on the morning of November 7, he was attacked by a large force of the Indians, and the famous battle of Tippecanoe occurred. The Indians were routed and their town broken up. Tecumseh returning not long after, was greatly exasperated at his brother, the prophet, even threatening to kill him for rashly precipitating the war, and foiling his (Tecumseh's) plans. Tecumseh sent word to Gen. Harrison that he was now returned from the South, and was ready to visit the President as had at one time previously been proposed. Gen. Harrison informed him he could not go as a chief, which method Tecumseh desired, and the visit was never made. In June of the following year, he visited the Indian agent at Fort Wayne. Here he disavowed any intention to make a war against the United States, and reproached Gen. Harrison for marching against his people. The agent replied to this ; Tecumseh listened with a cold indif- ference, and after making a few general remarks, with a haughty air drew his blanket about him, left the council house, and departed for Fort Mai- den, in Upper Canada, where he joined the British standard. He remained under this Government, doing effective work for the Crown while engaged in the war of 1812 which now opened. He was, however, always humane in his treatment of the prisoners, never allow- ing his warriors to ruthlessly mutilate the bodies of those slain, or wan- tonly murder the captive. In the Summer of 1813, Perry's victory on Lake Erie occurred, and shortly after active preparations were made to capture Maiden. On the 27th of September, the American army, under Gen. Harrison, set sail for the shores of Canada, and in a few hours stood around the ruins of Mai- den, from which the British army, under Proctor, had retreated to Sand- wich, intending to make its way to the heart of Canada by the Valley of the Thames. On the 29th Gen. Harrison was at Sandwich, and Gen. McArthur took possession of Detroit and the territory of Michigan. 72 THE NORTHWEvST TERRITORY. On the 2d of October, the Americans began their pursuit of Proctor, whom they overtook on the 5th, and the battle of the Thames followed. Early in the engagement, Tecumseh who was at the head of the column of Indians was slain, and they, no longer hearing the voice of their chief- tain, fled. The victory was decisive, and practically closed the war in the Northwest. INDIANS ATTACKING A STOCKADE. Just who killed the great chief has been a matter of much dispute ; but the weight of opinion awards the act to Col. Richard M. Johnson, who fired at him with a pistol, the shot proving fatal. In 1805 occurred Burr's Insurrection. He took possession of a beautiful island in the Ohio, after the killing of Hamilton, and is charged by many with attempting to set up an independent government. His plans were frustrated by the general government, his property confiscated and he was compelled to flee the country for safety. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 7& In January, 1807, Governor Hull, of Michigan Territory, made a treaty with the Indians, whereby all that peninsula was ceded to the United States. Before the close of the year, a stockade was built about Detroit. It was also during this year that Indiana and Illinois endeavored to obtain the repeal of that section of the compact of 1787, whereby slavery was excluded from the Northwest Territory. These attempts^ however, all signally failed. In 1809 it was deemed advisable to divide the Indiana Territory. This was done, and the Territory of Illinois was formed from the western, part, the seat of government being fixed at Kaskaskia. The next year, the intentions of Tecumseh manifested themselves in open hostilities, and then began the events already narrated. While this war was in progress, emigration to the West went on with surprising rapidity. In 1811, under Mr. Roosevelt of New York, the first steamboat trip was made on the Ohio, much to the astonishment of the natives, many of whom fled in terror at the appearance of the " monster." It arrived at Louisville on the 10th day of October. At the close of the first week of January, 1812, it arrived at Natchez, after being nearly overwhelmed in the great earthquake which occurred while on its downward trip. The battle of the Thames was fought on October 6, 1813. It effectually closed hostilities in the Northwest, although peace was not fully restored until July 22, 1814, when a treaty was formed at Green- ville, under the direction of General Harrison, between the United States and the Indian tribes, in which it was stipulated that the Indians should cease hostilities against the Americans if the war were continued. Such, happily, was not the case, and on the 24th of December the treaty of tSrhent was signed by the representatives of England and the United States. This treaty was followed the next year by treaties with various Indian tribes throughout the West, and Northwest, and quiet was again restored in this part of the new world. On the 18th of March, 1816, Pittsburgh was incorporated as a city. It then had a population of 8,000 people, and was already noted for its manufacturing interests. On April 19, Indiana Territory was allowed to form a state government. At that time there were thirteen counties organized, containing about sixty-three thousand inhabitants. The first election of state officers was held in August, when Jonathan Jennings was chosen Governor. The officers were sworn in on November 7, and on December 11, the State was formally admitted into the Union. For some time the seat of government was at Corydon, but a more central location being desirable, the present capital, Indianapolis (City of Indiana), was laid out January 1, 1825. 74 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. f On the 28th of December the Bank of Illinois, at Shawneetown, was chartered, with a capital of $300,000. At this period all banks were under the control of the States, and were allowed to establish branches at different convenient points. Until this time Chillicothe and Cincinnati had in turn enjoyed the privileges of being the capital of Ohio. But the rapid settlement of the northern and eastern portions of the State demanded, as in Indiana., a more central location, and before the close of the year, the site of Col- umbus was selected and surveyed as the future capital of the State. Banking had begun in Ohio as early as 1808, when the first bank was chartered at Marietta, but here as elsewhere it did not bring to the state the hoped-for assistance. It and other banks were subsequently unable to redeem their currency, and were obliged to suspend. In 1818, Illinois was made a state, and all the territory north of her northern limits was erected into a separate territory and joined to Mich- igan for judicial purposes. By the following year, navigation of the lakes was increasing with great rapidity and affording an immense source of revenue to the dwellers in the Northwest, but it was not until 1826 that the trade was extended to Lake Michigan, or that steamships began to navigate the bosom of that inland sea. Until the year 1832, the commencement of the Black Hawk War, but few hostilities were experienced with the Indians. Roads were opened, canals were dug, cities were built, common schools were estab- lished, universities were founded, many of which, especially the Michigan University, have achieved a world wide-reputation. The people were becoming wealthy. The domains of the United States had been extended, and had the sons of the forest been treated with honesty and justice, the record of many years would have been that of peace and continuous pros- perity. ' \ BLACK HAWK AND THE BLACK HAWK WAR. This conflict, though confined to Illinois, is an important epoch in the Northwestern history, being the last war with the Indians in this part of the United States. Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah, or Black Hawk, was born in the principal Sac village, about three miles from the junction of Rock River with th,e Mississippi, in the year 1767. His father's name was Py-e-sa or Pahaes ; Ms grandfather's, Na-na-ma-kee, or the Thunderer. Black Hawk early for pound, and bbl. for barrel; *$ for per or by the. Thus, Butter sells at 20@30c ty lb, and Flour at $8@12 f bbl. % for per cent and ff for number. May 1. Wheat sells at $1.20@1.25, "seller June," Seller June 174 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. means that the person who sells the wheat has the privilege of delivering it at any time during the month of June. Selling short, is contracting to deliver a certain amount of grain or stock, at a fixed price, within a certain length of time, when the seller has not the stock on hand. It is for the interest of the person selling "short," to depress the market as much as possible, in order that he may buy and fill his contract at a profit. Hence the "shorts" are termed "bears." Buying long, is to contract to purchase a certain amount of grain or shares of stock at a fixed price, deliverable within a stipulated time, expecting to make a profit by the rise of prices. The "longs" are termed "bulls," as it is for their interest to " operate " so as to "toss" the prices upward as much as possible. NOTES. Form of note is legal, worded in the simplest way, so that the amount and time of payment are mentioned. $100. Chicago, 111., Sept. 15, 1876. Sixty days from date I promise to pay to E. F. Brown, or order, One Hundred dollars, for value received. L. D. LOWRY. A note to be payable in any thing else than money needs only the facts substituted for money in the above form. ORDERS. Orders should be worded simply, thus : Mr. F. H. COATS: Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. Please pay to H. Birdsall, Twenty-five dollars, and charge to F. D. SILVA. RECEIPTS. Receipts should always state when received and what for, thus : $100. Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. Received of J. W. Davis, One Hundred dollars, for services rendered in grading his lot in Fort Madison, on account. THOMAS BRADY. If receipt is in full it should be so stated. BILLS OF PURCHASE. W. N. MASON, Salem, Illinois, Sept. 15, 1876. Bought of A. A. GRAHAM. 4 Bushels of Seed Wheat, at $1.50 - $6.00 2 Seamless Sacks " .30 - - .60 Received payment, $6.60 A. A. GRAHAM. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 175 ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT. An agreement is where one party promises to another to do a certain thing in a certain time for a stipulated sum. Good business men always reduce an agreement to writing, which nearly always saves misunder- standings and trouble. No particular form is necessary, but the facts must be clearly and explicitly stated, and there must, to make it valid, be a reasonable consideration. GENERAL FORM OF AGREEMENT. THIS AGREEMENT, made the Second day of October, 1876, between John Jones, of Aurora, County of Kane, State of Illinois, of the first part, and Thomas Whiteside, of the same place, of the second part WITNESSETH, that the said John Jones, in consideration of the agree- ment of the party of the second part, hereinafter contained, contracts and agrees to and with the said Thomas Whiteside, that he will deliver, in good and marketable condition, at the Village of Batavia, 111., during the month of November, of this year, One Hundred Tons of Prairie Hay, in the following lots, and at the following specified times ; namely, twenty- five tons by the seventh of November, twenty-five tons additional by the fourteenth of the month, twenty-five tons more by the twenty-first, and the entire one hundred tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of November. And the said Thomas Whiteside, in consideration of the prompt fulfillment of this contract, on the part of the party of the first part, contracts to and agrees with the said John Jones, to pay for said hay five dollars per ton, for each ton as soon as delivered. In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties hereto, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other, One Hundred Dollars, as fixed and settled damages. In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands the day and year first above written. JOHN JONES, THOMAS WHITESIDE. AGREEMENT WITH CLERK FOR SERVICES. THIS AGREEMENT, made the first day of May, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, between Reuben Stone, of Chicago, County of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the first part, and George Barclay, of Englewood, County of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the second part WITNESSETH, that said George Barclay agrees faithfully and dili- gently to work as clerk and salesman for the said Reuben Stone, for and during the space of one year from the date hereof, should both live such length of time, without absenting himself from his occupation ; 170 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. during which time he, the said Barclay, in the store of said Stone, of Chicago, will carefully and honestly attend, doing and performing all duties as clerk and salesman aforesaid, in accordance and in all respects as directed and desired by the said Stone. In consideration of which services, so to be rendered by the said Barclay, the said Stone agrees to pay to said Barclay the annual sum of one thousand dollars, payable in twelve equal monthly payments, each upon the last day of each month ; provided that all dues for days of absence from business by said Barclay, shall be deducted from the sum otherwise by the agreement due and payable by the said Stone to the said Barclay. Witness our hands. REUBEN STONE. GEORGE BARCLAY. BILLS OF SALE. A bill of sale is a written agreement to another party, for a consider- ation to convey his right and interest in the personal property. The purchaser must take actual possession of the property. Juries have power to determine upon the fairness or unfairness of a bill of sale. COMMON FORM OF BILL OF SALE. KNOW ALL MEN by this instrument, that I, Louis Clay, of Princeton, Illinois, of the first part, for and in consideration of Five Hundred and Ten dollars, to me paid by John Floyd, of the same place, of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have sold, and by this instrument do convey unto the said Floyd, party of the second part, his executors, administrators, and assigns, my undivided half of ten acres of corn, now growing on the farm of Thomas Tyrrell, in the town above mentioned ; one pair of horses, sixteen sheep, and five cows, belonging to me, and in my possession at the farm aforesaid ; to have and to hold the same unto the party of the second part, his executors and assigns, forever. And I do, for myself and legal representatives, agree with the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, to warrant and defend the sale of the afore-mentioned property and chattels unto the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, against all and every person whatsoever. In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my hand, this tenth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six. Louis CLAY. BONDS. A bond is a written admission on the part of the maker in which he pledges a certain sum to another, at a certain time. ABSTBACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 177 COMMON FORM OF BOND. KNOW ALL MEN by this instrument, that I, George Edgerton, of Watseka, Iroquois County, State of Illinois, am firmly bound unto Peter Kirchoff, of the place aforesaid, in the sum of five hundred dollars, to be paid to the said Peter Kirchoff, or his legal representatives ; to which payment, to be made, I bind myself, or my legal representatives, by this instrument. Sealed with my seal, and dated this second day of November, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. The condition of this bond is such that if I, George Edgerton, my heirs, administrators, or executors, shall promptly pay the sum of two hundred and fifty dollars in three equal annual payments from the date hereof, with annual interest, then the above obligation to be of no effect ; otherwise to be in full force and valid. Sealed and delivered in presence of GEORGE EDGERTON. [L.S.] WILLIAM TURNER. CHATTEL MORTGAGES. A chattel mortgage is a mortgage on personal property for payment of a certain sum of money, to hold the property against debts of other creditors. The mortgage must describe the property, and must be acknowledged before a justice of the peace in the township or precinct where the mortgagee resides, and entered upon his docket, and must be recorded in the recorder's office of the county. GENERAL FORM OF CHATTEL MORTGAGE. THIS INDENTURE, made and entered into this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, between Theodore Lottinville, of the town of Geneseo in the County of Henry, and State of Illinois, party of the first part, and Paul Henshaw, of the same town, county, and State, party of the second part. Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consider- ation of the sum of one thousand dollars, in hand paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, does hereby grant, sell, convey, and confirm unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever, all and singular the following described goods and chattels, to wit : Two three-year old roan-colored horses, one Burdett organ, No. 987, one Brussels carpet, 15x20 feet in size, one marble-top center table, one Home Comfort cooking stove, No. 8, one black walnut bureau with mirror attached, one set of parlor chairs (six in number), upholstered in green rep, with lounge corresponding with same in style and color of upholstery, now in possession, of said Lottinville, at No. 4 Prairie Ave., Geueseo, 111.; 178 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. Together with all and singular, the appurtenances thereunto "belong- ing, or in any wise appertaining ; to have and to hold the above described goods and chattels, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever. Provided, always, and these presents are upon this express condition, that if the said Theodore Lottinville, his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns, shall, on or before the first day of January, A.D., one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, pay, or cause to be paid, to the said Paul Ranslow, or his lawful attorney or attorneys, heirs, executors, adminis- trators, or assigns, the sum of One Thousand dollars, together with the interest that may accrue thereon, at the rate of ten per cent, per annum, from the first day of January, A.D. one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, until paid, according to the tenor of one promissory note bearing even date herewith for the payment of said sum of money, that then and from thenceforth, these presents, and everything herein con- tained, shall cease, and be null and void, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided, also, that the said Theodore Lottinville may retain the possession of and have the use of said goods and chattels until the day of payment aforesaid ; and also, at his own expense, shall keep said goods and chattels ; and also at the expiration of said time of payment, if said sum of money, together with the interest as aforesaid, shall not be paid, shall deliver up said goods and chattels, in good condition, to said Paul Ranslow, or his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns. And provided, also, that if default in payment as aforesaid, by said party of the first part, shall be made, or if said party of the second part shall at any time before said promissory note becomes due, feel himself unsafe or insecure, that then the said party of the second part, or his attorney, agent, assigns, or heirs, executors, or administrators, shall have the right to take possession of said goods and chattels, wherever they may or can be found, and sell the same at public or private sale, to the highest bidder for cash in hand, after giving ten days' notice of the time and place of said sale, together with a description of the goods and chat- tels to be sold, by at least four advertisements, posted up in public places in the vicinity where said sale is to take place, and proceed to make the sum of money and interest promised as aforesaid, together with all reason- able costs, charges, and expenses in so doing ; and if there shall be any overplus, shall pay the same without delay to the said party of the first part, or his legal representatives. In testimony whereof, the said party of the first part has hereunto set his hand and affixed his seal, the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of THEODORE LOTTINVILLE. [L.S.] SAMUEL J. T-J 1 i.x. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 179 LEASE OF FARM AND BUILDINGS THEREON. THIS INDENTURE, made this second day of June, 1875, between David Patton of the Town of Bisbee, State of Illinois, of the first part, and John Doyle of the same place, of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said David Patton, for and in consideration of the covenants hereinafter mentioned and reserved, on the part of the said John Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, to be paid, kept, and performed, hath let, and by these presents doth grant, demise, and let, unto the said John Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, all that parcel of land situate in Bisbee aforesaid, bounded and described as follows, to wit : [Here describe the land.] Together with all the appurtenances appertaining thereto. To have and to hold the said premises, with appurtenances thereto belonging, unto the said Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, for the term of five years, from the first day of October next following, at a yearly rent of Six Hundred dollars, to be paid in equal payments, semi-annually, as long as said buildings are in good tenantable condition. And the said Doyle, by these presents, covenants and agrees to pay all taxes and assessments, and keep in repair all hedges, ditches, rail, and other fences ; (the said David Patton, his heirs, assigns and administra- tors, to furnish all timber, brick, tile, and other materials necessary for such repairs.) Said Doyle further covenants and agrees to apply to said land, in a farmer-like manner, all manure and compost accumulating upon said farm, and cultivate all the arable land in a husbandlike manner, accord- ing to the usual custom among farmers in the neighborhood ; he also agrees to trim the hedges at a seasonable time, preventing injury from cattle to such hedges, and to all fruit and other trees on the said premises. That he will seed down with clover and timothy seed twenty acres yearly of arable land, ploughing the same number of acres each Spring of land now in grass, and hitherto unbroken. It is further agreed, that if the said Doyle shall fail to perform the whole or any one of the above mentioned covenants, then and in that case the said David Patton may declare this lease terminated, by giving three months' notice of the same, prior to the first of October of any year, and may distrain any part of the stock, goods, or chattels, or other property in possession of said Doyle, for sufficient to compensate for the non-performance of the above written covenants, the same to be deter- mined, and amounts so to be paid to be determined, by three arbitrators, chosen as follows : Each of the parties to this instrument to choose one, 180 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. and the two so chosen to select a third ; the decision of said arbitrators to be final. In witness whereof, we have hereto set our hands and seals. Signed, sealed, and delivered in presence of DAVID PATTON. [L.S.] JAMES WALDRON. JOHN DOYLE. [L.S.] FORM OF LEASE OF A HOUSE. THIS INSTRUMENT, made the first day of October, 1875, witnesseth that Amos Griest of Yorkville, County of Kendall, State of Illinois, hath rented from Aaron Young of Logansport aforesaid, the dwelling and lot No. 13 Ohio Street, situated in said City of Yorkville, for five years from the above date, at the yearly rental of Three Hundred dollars, pay- able monthly, on the first day of each month, in advance, at the residence of said Aaron Young. At the expiration of said above mentioned term, the said Griest agrees to give the said Young peaceable possession of the said dwelling, in as good condition as when taken, ordinary wear and casualties excepted. In witness whereof, we place our hands and seals the day and year aforesaid. Signed, sealed and delivered AMOS GRIEST. [L.S.] in presence of NlCKOLAS SOHUTZ, AARON YOUNG. [L.S.] Notary Public. LANDLORD'S AGREEMENT. THIS certifies that I have let and rented, this first day of January, 1876, unto Jacob Schmidt, my house and lot, No. 15 Erie Street, in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, and its appurtenances ; he to have the free and uninterrupted occupation thereof for one year from this date, at the yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly in advance ; rent to cease if destroyed by fire, or otherwise made untenantable. PETER FUNK. TENANT'S AGREEMENT. THIS certifies that I have hired and taken from Peter Funk, his house and lot, No. 15 Erie Street, in the City of Chicago, State of Illi- nois, with appurtenances thereto belonging, for one year, to commence this day, at a yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly in advance ; unless said house becomes untenantable from fire or other causes, in which case rent ceases ; and I further agree to give and yield said premises one year from this first day of January 1876, in as good condition as now, ordinary wear and damage by the elements excepted. Given under my hand this day. JACOB SCHMIDT. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. l&I NOTICE TO QUIT. To F. W. ARLEN, Sir : Please observe that the term of one year, for which the Louse and land, situated at No. 6 Indiana Street, and now occupied by you,, were rented tojrou, expired on the first day of October, 1875, and as I desire to repossess said premises, you are hereby requested and required to vacate the same. Respectfully Yours, P. T. BARNUM. LINCOLN, NEB., October 4, 1875. TENANT'S NOTICE OF LEAVING. DEAR SIR: The premises I now occupy as your tenant, at No. 6 Indiana Street^ I shall vacate on the first day of November, 1875. You will please take notice accordingly. Dated this tenth day of October, 1875. F. W. ARLEN. To P, T. BARNUM, ESQ. REAL ESTATE MORTGAGE TO SECURE PAYMENT OF MONEY. THIS INDENTURE, made this sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between William Stocker, of Peoria, County of Peoria, and State of Illinois, and Olla, his- wife, party of the first part, and Edward Singer, party of the second part.. Whereas, the said party of the first part is justly indebted to the said party of the second part, in the sum of Two Thousand dollars, secured to be paid by two certain promissory notes (bearing even date herewith), the one due and payable at the Second National Bank in Peoria, Illinois* with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-three ; the other due and payable at the Second National Bank at Peoria, 111., with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four. Now, therefore, this indenture witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for the better securing the payment of the money aforesaid, with interest thereon, according to the tenor and effect of the said two promissory notes above mentioned ; and, also in consideration of the fur- ther sum of one dollar to them in hand paid by the said party of the sec- ond part, at the delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, bargained, sold, and conveyed, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell, and convey, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all that certain parcel of land,, situate, etc. [Describing the premises.] To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the Tenements, Hereditaments, Privileges and Appurtenances thereunta 182 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. belonging or in any wise appertaining. And also, all the estate, interest, and claim whatsoever, in law as well as in equity which the party of the first part have in and to the premises hereby conveyed unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, and to their only proper use, benefit and behoof. And the said William Stocker a and Olla, his wife, party of the first part, hereby expressly waive, relinquish, release, and convey unto the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit whatever, in and to the above described premises, and each and every part thereof, which is given by or results from all laws of this state per- taining to the exemption of homesteads. Provided always, and these presents are upon this express condition, that if the said party of the first part, their heirs, executors, or adminis- trators, shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, to the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns, the afore- said sums of money, with such interest thereon, at the time and in the manner specified in the above mentioned promissory notes, according to the true intent and meaning thereof, then in that case, these presents and every thing herein expressed, shall be absolutely null and void. In witness whereof, the said party of the first part hereunto set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of JAMES WHITEHEAD, WILLIAM STOCKER. [L.S.] FRED. SAMUELS. OLLA STOCKER. [L.S.] WARRANTY DEED WITH COVENANTS. THIS INDENTURE, made this sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between Henry Best of Lawrence, County of Lawrence, State of Illinois, and Belle, his wife, of the first part,'and Charles Pearson of the same place, of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consideration of the sum of Six Thousand dollars in hand paid by the said party of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, bargained, and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, and sell, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, all the fol- lowing described lot, piece, or parcel of land, situated in the City of Law- rence, in the County of Lawrence, and State of Illinois, to wit : \JELere describe the property^ Together with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining, and the reversion and reversions, remainder and remainders, rents, issues, and profits thereof; and all the estate, rignt, title, interest, claim, and demand whatsoever, of the said party of the nrst part, either in law or equity, of, in, and to the VF SEYMOUR ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 185 above bargained premises, with the hereditaments and appurtenances. To have and to hold the said premises above bargained and described, with the appurtenances, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever. And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, par- ties of the first part, hereby expressly waive, release, and relinquish unto the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit whatever, in and to the above described premises, and each and every part thereof, which is given by or results from all laws of this state pertaining to the exemption of homesteads. And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, party of the first part, for themselves and their heirs, executors, and administrators, do covenant, grant, bargain, and agree, to and with the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, that at the time of the ensealing and delivery of these presents they were well seized of the premises above conveyed, as of a good, sure, perfect, absolute, and indefeasible estate of inheritance in law, and in fee simple, and have good right, full power, and lawful authority to grant, bargain, sell, and convey the same, in manner and form aforesaid, and that the same are free and clear from all former and other grants, bargains, sales, liens, taxes, assessments, and encumbrances of what kind or nature soever ; and the above bargained premises in the quiet and peaceable possession of the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, against all and every person or persons lawfully claiming or to claim the whole or any part thereof, the said party of the first part shall and will warrant and forever defend. In testimony whereof, the said parties of the first part have hereunto set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of HENRY BEST, [L.S.] JERRY LINKLATER. BELLE BEST. [L.S.] QUIT-CLAIM DEED. THIS INDENTURE, made the eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, between David Tour, of Piano, County of Kendall, State of Illinois, party of the first part, and Larry O'Brien, of the same place, party of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in considera- tion of Nine Hundred dollars in hand paid by the said party of the sec- ond part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, and the said party of the second part forever released and discharged therefrom, has remised, released, sold, conveyed, and quit-claimed, and by these presents does remise, release, sell, convey, and quit-claim, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all the right, title, interest, 186 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. claim, and demand, which the said party of the first part has in and to the following described lot, piece, or parcel of land, to wit : [Here describe the land.] To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the appurtenances and privileges thereunto belonging, or in any wise there- unto appertaining, and all the estate, right, title, interest, and claim whatever, of the said party of the first part, either in law or equity, to the only proper use, benefit, and behoof of the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever. In witness whereof the said party of the first part hereunto set his hand and seal the day and year above written. Signed, sealed and delivered DAVID TOUR. [L.S.] in presence of THOMAS ASHLEY. The above forms of Deeds and Mortgage are such as have heretofore been generally used, but the following are much shorter, and are made equally valid by the laws of this state. WARRANTY DEED. The grantor (here insert name or names and place of residence), for and in consideration of (here insert consideration) in hand paid, conveys and warrants to (here insert the grantee's name or names) the following described real estate (here insert description), situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. Dated this day of A. D. 18 . QUIT CLAIM DEED. The grantor (here insert grantor's name or names and place of resi- dence), for the consideration of (here insert consideration) convey and quit-claim to (here insert grantee's name or names) all interest in the following described real estate (here insert description), situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. Dated this day of A. D. 18 . MORTGAGE. The mortgagor (here insert name or names) mortgages and warrants to (here insert name or names of mortgagee or mortgagees), to secure the payment of (here recite the nature and amount of indebtedness, showing when due and the rate of interest, and whether secured by note or other- wise), the following described real estate (here insert description thereof), situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. Dated this day of A. D. 18 . RELEASE. KNOW ALL MEN by these presents, that I, Peter Ahlund, of Chicago, of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, for and in consideration of One dollar, to me in hand paid, and for other good and valuable considera- ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 187 tions, the receipt whereof is hereby confessed, do hereby grant, bargain, remise, convey, release, and quit-claim unto Joseph Carlin of Chicago, of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, all the right, title, interest, claim, or demand whatsoever, I may have acquired in, through, or by a certain Indenture or Mortgage Deed, bearing date the second day of Jan- uary, A. D. 1871, and recorded in the Recorder's office of said county, in book A of Deeds, page 46, to the premises therein described, and which said Deed was made to secure one certain promissory note, bearing even date with said deed, for the sum of Three Hundred dollars. Witness my hand and seal, this second day of November, A. D. 1874. PETER AHLUND. [L.S.] State of Illinois, ) Cook County. j I, George Saxton, a Notary Public in and for said county, in the state aforesaid, do hereby certify that Peter Ahlund, personally known to me as the same person whose name is subscribed to the foregoing Release, appeared before me this day in *^sBAL. Al1 ] person, and acknowledged that he signed, sealed, and delivered the said instrument of writing as his free and voluntary act, for the uses and purposes therein set forth. (riwn under my hand and seal, this second day of November, A. D. 1874. GEORGE SAXTON, N. P. GENERAL FOfrM OF WILL FOR REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY. I, Charles Mansfield, of the Town of Salem, County of Jackson, Scale of Illinois, being aware of the uncertainty of life, and in failing health, but of sound mind and memory, do make and declare this to be my last will and testament, in manner following, to wit: First. I give, devise and bequeath unto my oldest son, Sidney H. Mansfield, the sum of Two Thousand Dollars, of bank stock, now in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and the farm owned by myself in the Town of Buskirk, consisting of one hundred and sixty acres, with all the houses, tenements, and improvements thereunto belonging ; to have and to hold unto my said son, his heirs and assign*., forever. Second. I give, devise and bequeath to each of my daughters, Anna Louise Mansfield and Ida Clara Mansfield, each Two Thousand dollars in bank stock, in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and also each one quarter section of land, owned by myself, situated in the Town of Lake, Illinois, and recorded in my name in the Recorder's office in the county where such land is located. The north one hundred and sixty acres of said half section is devised to my eldest daughter, Anna Louise. 6 188 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. Third. I give, devise and bequeath to my son, Frank Alfred Mans- field, Five shares of Railroad stock in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and my one hundred and sixty acres of land and saw mill thereon, situ- ated in Manistee, Michigan, with all the improvements and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which said real estate is recorded in my name in the county where situated. Fourth. I give to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, all my household furniture, goods, chattels, and personal property, about my home, not hitherto disposed of, including Eight Thousand dollars of bank stock in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, Fifteen shares in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the free and unrestricted use, pos- session, and benefit of the home farm, so long as she may live, in lieu of dower, to which she is entitled by law ; said farm being my present place of residence. Fifth. I bequeath to my invalid father, Elijah H. Mansfield, the income from rents of my store building at 145 Jackson Street, Chicago, Illinois, during the term of his natural life. Said building and land there- with to revert to my said sons and daughters in equal proportion, upon the demise of my said father. Sixth. It is also my will and desire that, at the death of my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, or at any time when she may arrange to relinquish her life interest in the above mentioned homestead, the same may revert to my above named children, or to the lawful heirs of each. And lastly. I nominate and appoint as executors of this my last will and testament, my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, and my eldest son, Sidney H. Mansfield. I further direct that my debts and necessary funeral expenses shaJ be paid from moneys now on deposit in the Savings Bank of Salem, the residue of such moneys to revert to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, for her use forever. In witness whereof, I, Charles Mansfield, to this my last will and testament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this fourth day of April, eighteen hundred and seventy-two. Signed, sealed, and declared by Charles Mansfield, as and for his last will and testament, in the presence of us, who, at his request, and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have sub- scribed our names hereunto as witnesses thereof. PETER A. SCHENCK, Sycamore, Ills. FKANK E. DENT, Salem, Ills. CHARLES MANSFIELD. [L.S.] ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 181) CODICIL. Whereas I, Charles Mansfield, did, on the fourth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, make my last will and testa- ment, I do now, by this writing, add this codicil to my said will, to be taken as a part thereof. Whereas, by the dispensation of Providence, my daughter, Anna Louise, has deceased November fifth, eighteen hundred and seventy-three, and whereas, a son has been born to me, which son is now christened Richard Albert Mansfield, I give and bequeath unto him my gold watch, and all right, interest, and title in lands and bank stock and chattels bequeathed to my deceased daughter, Anna Louise, in the body of this will. In witness whereof, I hereunto place my hand and seal, this tenth day of March, eighteen hundred and seventy-five. Signed, sealed, published, and declared to CHARLES MANSFIELD. [L.S.] us by the testator, Charles Mansfield, as and for a codicil to be annexed to his last will and testament. And we, at his request, and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have sub- scribed our names as witnesses thereto, at the date hereof. FRANK E. DENT, Salem, Ills. JOHN C. SHAY, Salem, Ills. CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS May be legally made by electing or appointing, according to the usages or customs of the body of which it is a part, at any meeting held for that purpose, two or more of its members as trustees, wardens or vestrymen, and may adopt a corporate name. The chairman or secretary of such meeting shall, as soon as possible, make and file in the office of the recorder of deeds of the county, an affidavit substantially in the following form : STATE OF ILLINOIS, County. ' SS> I, , do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be), that at a meeting of the members of the (here insert the name of the church, society or congregation as known before organization), held at (here insert place of meeting), in the County of , and State of Illinois, on the - day of - , A.D. 18 , for that purpose, the fol- lowing persons were elected (or appointed) [here insert their names'] trustees, wardens, vestrymen, (or officers by whatever name they may choose to adopt, with powers similar to trustees) according to the rules and usages of suob (church, society or congregation), and said 190 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. ^adopted as its corporate name (here insert name), and at said meeting ^this affiant acted as (chairman or secretary, as the case may be). Subscribed and sworn to before me, this day of , A.D. 18 -. Name of Affiant which affidavit must be recorded by the recorder, and shall be, or a certi- fied copy made by the recorder, received as evidence of such an incorpo- Tation. No certificate of election after the first need be filed for record. The term of office of the trustees and the general government of the .society can be determined by the rules or by-laws adopted. Failure to elect trustees at the time provided does not work a dissolution, but the old trustees hold over. A trustee or trustees may be removed, in the ame manner by the society as elections are held by a meeting called for that purpose. The property of the society vests in the corporation. .The corporation may hold, or acquire by purchase or otherwise, land not exceeding ten acres, for the purpose of the society. The trustees have the care, custody and control of the property of the corporation, and can, when directed by the society, erect houses or improvements, and repair and alter the same, and may also when so directed by the society, mortgage, encumber, sell and convey any real or personal estate belonging to the corporation, and make all proper contracts in the name of such corporation. But they are prohibited by law from encumbering or inter- fering with any property so as to destroy the effect of any gift, grant, devise or bequest to the corporation ; but such gifts, grants, devises or bequests, must in all cases be used so as to carry out the object intended by the persons making the same. Existing societies may organize in the manner herein set forth, and have all the advantages thereof. SUGGESTIONS TO THOSE PURCHASING BOOKS BY SUBSCRIPTION. The business of publishing books by subscription having so often been ^brought into disrepute by agents making representations and declarations not authorized by the publisher ; in order to prevent that as much as possi- ble, and that there may be more general knowledge of the relation such agents bear to their principal, and the law governing such cases, the fol- lowing statement is made : A subscription is in the nature of a contract of mutual promises, by which the subscriber agrees to pay a certain sum for the work described ; the consideration is concurrent that the publisher shall publish the book named, and deliver the same, for which the subscriber is to pay the price named. The nature and character of the work is described in the prospectus and by the sample shown. These should be carefully examined before sub- scribing^ as they are the basis and consideration of the promise to pay, ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 191 and not the too often exaggerated statements of the agent, who is merely employed to solicit subscriptions, for which he is usually paid a commission for each subscriber, and has no authority to change or alter the conditions upon which the subscriptions are authorized to be made by the publisher. Should the agent assume to agree to make the subscription conditional or modify or change the agreement of the publisher, as set out by prospectus and sample, in order to bind the principal, the subscriber should see that such conditions or changes are stated over or in connection with his signa- ture, so that the publisher may have notice of the same. All persons making contracts in reference to matters of this kind, or any other business, should remember that the law as to written contracts is, that they can not be varied, altered or rescinded verbally, but if done at all, must be done in writing. It is therefore important that all persons contem- plating subscribing should distinctly understand that all talk before or after the subscription is made, is not admissible as evidence, and is no part of the contract. Persons employed to solicit subscriptions are known to the trade as canvassers. They are agents appointed to do a particular business in a prescribed mode, and have no authority to do it in any other way to the prejudice of their principal, nor can they bind their principal in any other matter. They can not collect money, or agree that payment may be made in anything else but money. They can not extend the time of payment beyond the time of delivery, nor bind their principal for the payment of expenses incurred in their buisness. It would save a great deal of trouble, and often serious loss, if persons, before signing their names to any subscription book, or any written instru- ment, would examine carefully what it is ; if they can not read themselves, should call on some one disinterested who can. 6 192 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND ITS AMENDMENTS. We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. AKTICLE I. SECTION 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. SEC. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of mem- bers chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev- eral states which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subse- quent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plan- tations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylva- nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. SEC. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six years ; and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expira- AND ITS AMENDMENTS. tion of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any state,, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the- Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds- of. the members present. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law. SEC. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sen- ators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the Legis- lature thereof ; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. SEC. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. SEC. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compen- sation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, 194 CONSTITUTION OP THE UNITED STATES felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office. SEC. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President the United States; if he approve he shall .sign it ; but if not he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have origi- nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec- tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the United States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and lim- itations prescribed in the case of a bill. SEC. 8. The Congress shall have power To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States ; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States ; To borrow money on the credit of the United States ; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes ; To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States ; To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures ; To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States ; To establish post offices and post roads ; AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 195 To promote the progress of sciences and useful arts, by securing* for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries ; To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations ; To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water ; To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years ; To provide and maintain a navy ; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces ; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions ; To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the disci- pline prescribed by Congress ; To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other needful buildings ; and To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any depart- ment or officer thereof. SEC. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or rev- enue to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expeditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. 196 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States : and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. SEC. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confeder- ation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of credit ; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. ARTICLE II. SECTION 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. [ * The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Pres- ident of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Rep- resentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a ma- jority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, * This clause between, brackets has been superseded and annulled by the Twelfth.amendmentu AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 19T the person having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-Presi- dent.] The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes ; which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty -five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inabil- ity, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the dis- ability be removed, or a President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com- pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States or any of them. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the fol- lowing oath or affirmation : " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States." SEC. 2. The President shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the United States ; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardon for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present con- cur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session. SEC. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea- sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may on extraordinary 198 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES occasions convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree- ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States. SEC. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con- viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. ABTICLE III. SECTION I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. SEC. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more states ; between a state and citizens of another state ; between citizens of differ- ent states ; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury ; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been- committed ; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed. SEC. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy- ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes- timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted. ARTICLE IV. SECTION 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And AND ITS AMENDMENTS. the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. SEC. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states. A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime. No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. SEC. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; but no /iew state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state ; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states concerned, as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States ; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any particular state. SEC. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this. Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu- tive (when the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic vio- lence. ARTICLE V. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the ap- plication of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution, when rati- fied by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by con- ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifi- cation may be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article ; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. AETICLE VI. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop- tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the mem- 200 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATED bers of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial offi- cers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying the same. Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence, of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names. GEO. WASHINGTON, President and Deputy from Virginia. New Hampshire. JOHN LANGDON, NICHOLAS GILMAN. Massachusetts. NATHANIEL GORHAM, HUFUS KING. Connecticut. WM. SAM'L JOHNSON, HOGER SHERMAN. New York. ALEXANDER HAMILTON. New Jersey. WIL. LIVINGSTON, WM. PATERSON, DAVID BREARLEY, JONA. DAYTON. Pennsylvania. B. FRANKLIN, ROBT. MORRIS, THOS. FITZSIMONS, JAMES WILSON, THOS. MIFFLIN, GEO. CLYMER, JARED INGERSOLL, Gouv. MORRIS. Delaware. GEO. READ, JOHN DICKINSON, JACO. BROOM, GUNNING BEDFORD, JE., RICHARD BASSETT. Maryland. JAMES M' HENRY, DANL. CARROLL, DAN. OF ST. THOS. JENIFER. Virginia. JOHN BLAIR, JAMES MADISON, JR. North Carolina. WM. BLOUNT, Hu. WILLIAMSON, RICH'D DOBBS SPAIGHT. South Carolina. J. RUTLEDGE, CHARLES PINCKNEY, CHAS. COTES WORTH PiNCKN PIERCE BUTLER. G-eorgia. WILLIAM FEW, ABR. BALDWIN. WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. ISHAM BURNETT TOWN.I4N.R.8W. AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 20J ARTICLES IN ADDITION TO AND AMENDATORY OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Proposed by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the several states, pursuant to the fifth article of the original Constitution. ARTICLE I. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press ; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. ARTICLE II. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. ARTICLE III. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be pre- scribed by law. ARTICLE IV. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio- lated ; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. ARTICLE V. No person shall be held te answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. ARTICLE VI. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him ; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. ARTICLE VII. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact 204 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States than according to, the rules of the common law. ARTICLE VIII. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX. The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. . ARTICLE X. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. ARTICLE XI. The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or sub- jects of any foreign state. ARTICLE XII. The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves ; they shall name in their ballots the person to be voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice- President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such num-ber be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest number not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two- thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a Presi- dent whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be the majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a major- AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 205 ity, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. ARTICLE XIII. SECTION 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their juris- diction. SEC. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro- priate legislation. ARTICLE XIV. SECTION 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. SEC. 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of per- sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed ; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice- President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu- tive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the num- ber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state. SEC. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previ- ously taken an oath as a Member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an execu- tive or judicial officer of any state to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. SEC. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author- ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- ties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be ques- tioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt or obligation incurred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any loss or emancipation of any slave, but such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void. 206 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. SEC. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this act. ABTICLE XV. SECTION 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any state, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. SEC. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro- priate legislation. ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT. NOVEMBER 7, 1876. COUNTIES. Hayes and Wheeler, Republican. Tilden and Hendricks, Democrat. Petercooper Greenback. Smith. Prohibition Anti -Secret 1 Societies. COUNTIES. Hayes and wheeler. Republican. Tilden and Hendricks, Democrat. PeterCooper Greenback. Smith, Prohibition. Anti-Secret 1 Societies.] Adams 4953 1219 1520 1965 944 3719 441 2231 1209 4530 2501 1814 1416 1329 2957 36548 1355 1145 3679 1928 1631 2129 2715 970 1145 1881 1601 966 4187 703 1695 1996 627 3496 330 1315 4177 3768 2040 6308 1280 1142 363 1495 2218 900 918 1618 3103 3287 2197 1541 1989 2822 39240 1643 1407 1413 1174 1357 1276 2883 466 2265 2421 742 1302 4669 1140 3160 1142 1433 4207 611 1015 1928 2578 2071 41 17 Livingston Logan 3550 2788 3120 3567 4554 2009 1553 1566 1231 2952 3465 6363 1115 2209 845 2486 3069 1245 3833 4665 1319 1541 1807 3055 1043 646 2357 1410 3912 980 4851 1522 910 2069 1140 4708 3198 2850 978 4372 650 2795 1911 1570 1297 3851 4770 1672 4505 1733 2134 2595 2782 4076 4730 2444 1430 1939 793 2811 1874 4410 1657 1428 1651 3013 3174 1672 1921 5443 800 1383 1316 4040 772 459 2589 1552 2838 1081 5847 1804 1269 3553 786 5891 2758 3171 2155 3031 936 1984 1671 1751 2066 2131 3999 1644 1568 2105 1170 37 268 114 39 209 135 86 20 347 34 518 10 90 7 201 109 28 104 95 5 48 117 35 2 Alexander Bond 17 43 183 145 Macon 16 Boone 2 2 "ii Macoupin Madison Brown 1 Bureau Marion Calhoun Marshall . . "a 1 Carroll . . 111 74 604 207 236 112 132 102 277 38 129 65 746 94 25 161 61 43 57 204 391 89 282 1 108 770 1 7 "i 3 '"i 6 9 Mason Cass Massac McDonough McHenry "8 s r Clark McLean Clav Meuard Clinton Mercer a Coles Monroe Cook Montgomery Morgan 3 Moultrie DeKalb "10 3 3 Ogle 8 DeWitt Peoria Pope 8 piatt Pike 1 4 Effingham Pulaski Putnam 14 2 55 27 641 29 115 182 341 96 99 26 44 3 288 207 138 39 482 469 133 677 41 70 237 Frniklin ... "2 '"i '"9 '"i Richland Fulton Gallatin Saline Schuyler Scott Shelby Hardin 134 1 340 249 106 Stark St. Clair "2 1 3 2 Henry 4 14 6 1 Stephenson Tazewell Jasper Vermilion 9 1346 1345 2907 1367 5398 2627 1869 5235 2619 6277 1198 3087 1667 2166 2276 893 2850 1363 524 2632 1647 6001 1329 2080 647 '"140 61 172 26 309 141 55 514 27 100 Jersey 12 2 "8 Warren 1 Johnson Wayne Kane 5 2 White '"8 4 1 Kankakee . . . Whtteside Kendall Will 1 1 15 "13 "2 4 LaSalle Woodford Lee 2 6 Total 275958 257099 16951 130 157 PRACTICAL RULES FOR EVERY DAY USE. How to find the gain or loss per cent, when the cost and telling price art given. RULE. Find the difference between the cost and selling price, which wi 1 ! be the gain or loss. Annex two ciphers to the gain or loss, and divide it by the cost price ; the result will be the gain or loss per cent. How to change gold into currency. RULE. Multiply the given sum of gold by the price of gold. How to change currency into gold. Divide the amount in currency by the price of gold. How to find each partner's share of the gain or loss in a copartnership business. RULE. Divide the whole gain or loss by the entir.e stock, the quo- tient will be the gain or loss per cent. Multiply each partner's stock by this per cent., the result will be each one's share of the gain or loss. How to find gross and net weight and price of hogs. A short and simple method for finding the net weight, or price of hogs, when the gross weight or price is given, and vice versa. NOTE. It Is generally assumed that the gross weight V>f Hogs diminished by 1-5 or 20 per cent of itself gives the net weight, and the net weight increased by X or 25 per cent, of itself equals the gross weight. To find the net weight or gross price. Multiply the given number by .8 (tenths.) To find the gross weight or net price. Divide the given number by .8 (tenths.) How to find the capacity of a granary, bin, or wagon-bed. RULE. Multiply (by short method) the number of cubic feet by 6308, and point off ONE decimal place the result will be the correct answer in bushels and tenths of a bushel. For only an approximate answer, multiply the cubic feet by 8, and point off one decimal place. How to find the contents of a corn-crib. RULE. Multiply the number of cubic feet by 54, short method, or (207) 208 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. by 4 ordinary method, and point off ONE decimal place the result will be tl^e answer in bushels. NOTE. In estimating corn in the ear, the quality and the time it lias been cribbed must be taken into consideration, since corn will shrink considerably during the Winter and Spring. This rule generally holdi good for corn measured at the time it is cribbed, provided it is sound and clean. How to find the contents of a cistern or tank. RULE. Multiply the square of the mean diameter by the depth (all in feet) and this product by 5681 (short method), and point off ONE decimal place the result will be the contents in barrels of 31 gallons. How to find the contents of a barrel or cask. RULE. Under the square of the mean diameter, write the length (all in inches) in REVERSED order, so that its UNITS will fall under the TENS ; multiply by short method, and this product again by 430 ; point off one decimal place, and the result will be the answer in wine gallons. How to measure boards. RULE. Multiply the length (in feet) by the width (in inches) and divide the product by 12 the result will be the contents in square feet. How to measure scantlings, joists, planks, sills, etc. RULE. Multiply the width, the thickness, and the length together (the width and thickness in inches, and the length in feet), and divide the product by 12 the result will be square feet. How to find the number of acres in a body of land. RULE. Multiply the length by the width (in rods), and divide the product by 160 (carrying the division to 2 decimal places if there is a remainder) ; the result will be the answer in acres and hundredths. When the opposite sides of a piece of land are of unequal length, add them together and take one-half for the mean length or width. How to find the number of square yards in a floor or wall. RULE. Multiply the length by the width or height (in feet), and divide the product by 9, the result will be square yards. How to find the number of bricks required in a building. RULE. Multiply the number of cubic feet by 22. The number of cubic feet is found by multiplying the length, height and thickness (in feet) together. Bricks are usually made 8 inches long, 4 inches wide, and two inches thick ; hence, it requires 27 bricks to make a cubic foot without mortar, but it is generally assumed that the mortar fills 1-6 of the space. How to find the number of shingles required in a roof. RULE. Multiply the number of square feet in the roof by 8, if the shingles are exposed 4 inches, or by 7 1-5 if exposed 5 inches. To find the number of square feet, multiply the length of the roof by twice the length of the rafters. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. '209 To find the length of the rafters, at ONE-FOURTH pitch, multiply the width of the building by .56 (hundredths) ; at ONE-THIRD pitch, by .6 (tenths) ; at TWO-FIFTHS pitch, by .64 (hundredths) ; at ONE-HALF pitch, by .71 (hundredths). This gives the length of the rafters from the apex to the end of the wall, and whatever they are to project must be taken into consideration. NOTE. By X or K pitch is meant that the apex or comb of the roof is to be K or % the width of the building higher than the walls or base of the rafters. How to reckon the cost of hay. RULE. Multiply the number of pounds by half the price per ton, and remove the decimal point three places to the left. How to measure grain. RULE. Level the grain ; ascertain the space it occupies in cubic feet ; multiply the number of cubic feet by 8, and point off one place to the left. NOTE. Exactness requires the addition to every three hundred bushels of one extra bushel. The foregoing rule may be used for finding the number of gallons, by multiplying the number of bushels by 8. If the corn in the box is in the ear, divide the answer by 2, to find the number of bushels of shelled corn, because it requires 2 bushels of eai corn to make 1 of shelled corn. Rapid rules for measuring land without instruments. In measuring land, the first thing to ascertain is the contents of any given plot in square yards ; then, given the number of yards, find out the number of rods and acres. The most ancient and simplest measure of distance is a step. Now, an ordinary-sized man can train himself to cover one yard at a stride, on the average, with sufficient accuracy for ordinary purposes. To make use of this means of measuring distances, it is essential to walk in a straight line ; to do this, fix the eye on two objects in a line straight ahead, one comparatively near, the other remote ; and, in walk- ing, keep these objects constantly in line. Farmers and others by adopting the following simple and ingenious con- trivance, may always carry with them the scale to construct a correct yard measure. Take a foot rule, and commencing at the base of the little finger of the left hand, mark the quarters of the foot on the outer borders of the left arm, pricking in the marks with indelible ink. To find how many rods in length will make an acre, the width being given. RULE. Divide 160 by the width, and the quotient will be the answer. 210 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. How to find the number of acres in any plot of land, the number of rods being given. RULE. Divide the number of rods by 8, multiply the quotient by 5, and remove the decimal point two places to the left. The diameter being given, to find the circumference. RULE. Multiply the diameter by 3 1-7. How to find the diameter, when the circumference is given. RULE. Divide the circumference by 3 1-7. To find how many solid feet a round stick of timber of the same thick- ness throughout will contain when squared. RULE. Square half the diameter in inches, multiply by 2, multiply by the length in feet, and divide the product by 144. General rule for measuring timber, to find the solid contents in feet. RULE. Multiply the depth in inches by the breadth in inches, and then multiply by the length in feet, and divide by 144. To find the number of feet of timber in trees with the bark on. RULE. Multiply the square of one-fifth of the circumference in inches, by twice the length, in feet, and divide by n .44. Deduct 1-10 to 1-15 according to the thickness of the bark. Howard's new rule for computing interest. RULE. The reciprocal of the rate is the time for which the interest on any sum of money will be shown by simply removing the decimal point two places to the left ; for ten times that time, remove the point one place to the left; for 1-10 of the same time, remove the point three places to the left. Increase or diminish the results to suit the time given. NOTE. The reciprocal of the rate is found by inverting: the rate ; thus 3 per cent, per month, in- verted, becomes % of a month, or 10 clays. When the rate is expressed by one figure, always write it thus: 3-1, three ones. Rule for converting English into American currency. Multiply the pounds, with the shillings and pence stated in decimals, by 400 plus the premium in fourths, and divide the product by 90. U. S. GOVERNMENT LAND MEASURE. A township 36 sections each a mile square. A section 640 acres. A quarter section, half a mile square 160 acres. An eighth section, half a mile long, north and south, and a quarter of a mile wide 80 acres. A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile square 40 acres. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 211 The sections are all numbered 1 to 36, commencing at the north-east corner. The sections are divided into quarters, which are named by the cardinal points. The quarters are divided in the same way. The de- scription of a forty acre lot would read : The south half of the west half of the south-west quarter of section 1 in township 24, north of range 7 west, or as the case might be ; and sometimes will fall short and sometimes overrun the number of acres it is supposed to contain. The nautical mile is 795 4-5 feet longer than the common mile. SURVEYORS' MEASURE. 7 92-100 inches make 1 link. 25 links " 1 rod. 4 rods " 1 chain. 80 chains " 1 mile. NOTE. A chain is 100 links, equal to 4 rods or 66 feet. Shoemakers formerly used a subdivision of the inch called a barley- corn ; three of which made an inch. Horses are measured directly over the fore feet, and the standard of measure is four inches called a hand. In Biblical and other old measurements, the term span is sometimes used, which is a length of nine inches. The sacred cubit of the Jews was 24.024 inches in length. The common cubit of the Jews was 21.704 inches in length. A pace is equal to a yard or 36 inches. A fathom is equal to 6 feet. A league is three miles, but its length is variable, for it is strictly speaking a nautical term, and should be three geographical miles, equal to 3.45 statute miles, but when used on land, three statute miles are said to be a league. In cloth measure an aune is equal to li yards, or 45 inches. An Amsterdam ell is equal to 26.796 inches. A Trieste ell is equal to 25.284 inches. A Brabant ell is equal to 27.116 inches. HOW TO KEEP ACCOUNTS. Every farmer and mechanic, whether he does much or little business, should keep a record of his transactions in a clear and systematic man- ner. For the benefit of those who have not had the opportunity of ac- quiring a primary knowledge of the principles of book-keeping, we here present a simple form of keeping accounts which is easily comprehended, and well adapted to record the business transactions of farmers, mechanics and laborers. 212 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 1875. A. H. JACKSON. D r. Cr. Jan. 10 " 17 Feb. 4 " 4 March 8 " 8 " 13 " 27 April 9 9 May 6 " 24 July 4 To 7 bushels Wheat at $1.25 $8 6 1 48 6 17 75 30 25 00 20 50 05 $2 18 2 25 4 35 50 00 40 25 00 75 15 05 By shoeing span of Horses To 14 bushels Oats at $ .45 To 5 Ibs. Butter at .25 By new Harrow Bv sharpening 2 Plows.. By new Double-Tree. To Cow and Calf To half ton of Hay By Cash.. By repairing Corn-Planter To one Sow with Pigs .. By Cash, to balance account . . $88 $88 1875. CASSA MASON, Dr. Cr. March 21 " 21 " 23 May 1 1 June 19 26 July 10 " 29 Aug. 12 12 Sept. . 1 By 3 days' labor at $1.25 $6 8 10 2 2 20 18 00 10 00 75 70 00 20 $3 25 12 18 9 75 00 00 00 00 To 2 Shoats at 3.00 To 18 bushels Gorn at .45 By 1 month's Labor To Cash . . . By 8 days' Mowing at $1.50 To 50 Ibs. Flour. To 27 Ibs. Meat at $ .10 By 9 days' Harvesting at 2.00 By 6 days' Labor at 1.50 To Cash To Cash to balance account . . . . $67 75 $67 75 INTEREST TABLE. A SIMPLE RULE FOR ACCURATELY COMPUTING INTEREST AT ANY GIVEN PER CENT. FOR ANY LENGTH OF TIME. Multiply the principal (amount of money at Interest) by the time reduced to days; then divide this product by the quotient obtained by dividing 360 (the number of days in the interest year) by the per cent, of interest, and the quotient thus obtained will be the required interest. ILLUSTRATION. Solution. Require the interest of $462.50 for one month and eighteen days at 6 per cent. An interest month is 30 days; one month and eighteen days equal 48 days. 3462.50 multi- plied by .48 gives $222.0000; 360 divided by 6 (the per cent, of interest) gives 60, and $22-2.0000 divided by 60 will give you the exact interest, which is $3.70. If the rate of interest in the above example were 12 per cent., we would divide the $222.0000 by 30 6)360 \ 185000 ~~);If 4 per cent., we would divide by 90; if 8 per $462.50 .48 370000 (because 360 divided by 12 gives 30); cent., by 45: and in like manner for any other per cent. 60 1 $222.0000(83.70 180 420 420 00 MISCELLANEOUS TABLE. 12 units, or things, 1 Dozen. 12 dozen, 1 Gross. 20 things, 1 Score. 196 pounds, 1 Barrel of Flour. 200 pounds, 1 Barrel of Pork. 56 pounds, 1 Firkin of Butter. 24 sheets of paper, 1 Quire. 20 quires paper 1 Ream. 4 ft. wide, 4 ft. high, and 8 ft. long, 1 Cord Wood. PRESIDENT BANK OF WAVERLY MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 21S NAMES OF THE STATES OF THE UNION, AND THEIR SIGNIFICATIONS. Virginia. The oldest of the States, was so called in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen," in whose reign Sir Walter Raleigh made his first attempt to colonize that region. Florida. Ponce de Leon landed on the coast of Florida on Easter Sunday, and called the country in commemoration of the day, which wa& the Pasqua Florida of the Spaniards, or " Feast of Flowers." Louisiana was called after Louis the Fourteenth, who at one time owned that section of the country. Alabama was so named by the Indians, and signifies " Here we Rest." Mississippi is likewise an Indian name, meaning " Long River." Arkansas, from Kansas, the Indian word for " smoky water." Its prefix was really arc, the French word for " bow." The Carolinas were originally one tract, and were called "Carolana," after Charles the Ninth of France. Georgia owes its name to George the Second of England, who first established a colony there in 1732. Tennessee is the Indian name for the " River of the Bend," i. e., the Mississippi which forms its western boundary. Kentucky is the Indian name for " at the head of the river." Ohio means " beautiful ; " Iowa, " drowsy ones ; " Minnesota, " cloudy water," and Wisconsin, " wild-rushing channel." Illinois is derived from the Indian word illini, men, and the French suffix ois, together signifying " tribe of men." Michigan was called by the name given the lake, fish-weir, which was so styled from its fancied resemblance to a fish trap. Missouri is from the Indian word " muddy," which more properly applies to the river that flows through it. Oregon owes its Indian name also to its principal river. Cortes named California. Massachusetts is the Indian for " The country around the great hills." Connecticut, from the Indian Quon-ch-ta-Cut, signifying "Long River." Maryland, after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles the First, of England. New York was named by the Duke of York. Pennsylvania means " Penn's woods," and was so called after William Penn, its orignal owner. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. Delaware after Lord De La Ware. New Jersey, so called in honor of Sir George Carteret, who was Governor of the Island of Jersey, in the British Channel. Maine was called after the province of Maine in France, in compli- ment of Queen Henrietta of England, who owned that province. Vermont, from the French word Vert Mont, signifying Green Mountain. New Hampshire, from Hampshire county in England. It was formerly called Laconia. The little State of Rhode Island owes its name to the Island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean, which domain it is said to greatly resemble. Texas is the American word for the Mexican name by which all that section of the country was called before it was ceded to the United States. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. POPULATION OF FIFTY PRINCIPAL CITIES. STATES AXD TERRITORIES. Total Population. CITIES. Aggregate Population. 996. 992 484, 471 560,247 537,454 125,015 187,748 1.184,109 2,539,891 1,680,637 1,191,792 364.399 1,321,011 726,915 626,915 780,894 1,457,351 1,184,059 439,706 827,922 1,721,295 Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indi ana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New York, N. T Philadelphia, Pa Brooklyn, N. Y St. Louis, Mo Chicago, 111 A Baltimore, Md . Boston, Mass Cincinnati, Ohio New Orleans, La San Francisco, Cal Buffalo, N. Y Washington, D. C Newark, N. J Louisville, Ky Cleveland, Ohio Pittsburg, Pa Jersey City, N. J 942,292 K74.022 396,099 310,864 298.977 267,354 250.526 216.239 191,418 149.473 117,714 109,199 105,059 100.753 92.829 86,076 82.546 Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York . North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Ten nessee Ti-\;is Vermont Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin Total States Arizona Colorada Dakota District of Columbia Idaho 42.491 318,300 906.096 4,382.759 1,071,361 2,665.260 90,923 3,521,791 217,353 705,606 1,258,520 818,579 330,551 1,225,163 442,014 1,054,670 38,113,253 9,658 39.861 14,181 131.700 11,999 Detroit, Mich < Milwaukee, Wis Albany, N. Y Providence, R. I Rochester, N. Y Allegheny, Pa Richmond, Va New Haven, Conn Charleston, S. C I ndianapolis, Ind Troy, N. Y Syracuse, N. Y Worcester, Mass Lowell, Mass Memphis, Tenn Cambridge, Mass Hartford, Conn Scran ton, Pa Reading, Pa Paterson. N. J Kansas City, Mo Mobile, Ala Toledo. Ohio Portland, Me 79.577 71,440 69,422 68.904 62,386 53.180 51.038 50,840 48,956 48,244 46,465 43,051 41.105 40.928 40.226 39,634 37,180 35.092 33,930 33,579 32,260 32,034 31,584 31,413 31,274 New Mexico Utah WaiMii ngton Wyoming Total Territories, Total United States 20,595 91.874 S6,78(i 23,955 9.118 442,730 38,555,983 Wilmington, Del Dayton, Ohio Lawrence, Mass Utica, N. Y Charlestown, Mass Savannah, Ga Lynn. Mass Fall River, Mass 30.841 30,473 28,921 28,804 28,323 28.235 28,233 26,766 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 21,; POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. STATUS AND TKRRITOKIKS. AIVII in square Miles. POPULATION. Miles R. R. 1872. STATES AND TERRITORIES. Area in square Miles. POPULATION. Miles R. R. 1872. 1870. 1875. 1870. 1875. States. 50,722 52,198 188,981 4.674 2,120 59,268 58,000 55,410 33,809 55,045 81,318 37,600 41,346 31,776 11,184 7,800 56,451 83,531 47,156 65,350 75.9P5 112,090 9,280 8,320 47,000 50,704 39,964 95,244 s of Mic 996,992 484,471 560,247 537,454 125,015 187,748 1,184,109 2,539,891 1,680,637 1,191.792 364,399 1,321,011 726,915 626,915 780,894 1,457,351 1,184,059 439,706 827,922 1,721,295 123,993 42,491 318.300 906,096 4,382,759 1,071.361 2,665,260 90,923 higan tak 1,671 25 1,013 820 227 466 2,108 5,901 :i..V,!!) 3.160 1,760 1,123 539 871 820 1,606 2,235 1,612 990 2, 5 SO 828 593 790 1,265 4,470 1,190 3,740 109 States. Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina... Tennessee Texas 46,000 1,306 29,385 45,600 237,504 10,212 40,904 23,000 53,924 3,521,791 217,353 705,606 1,258,520 818,579 330,551 1,225,163 442,014 1,054.670 ""258; 239 925,145 5,113 136 1.201 1,520 865 675 1,490 485 1.725 Arkansas California Connecticut....... Florida Vermont Georgia. Illinois Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin Indiana 1,236,729 1,350,544 528,349 "8571639 Total States Kansas 1,950,171 113,916 104,500 147,490 60 90,932 143.776 121,201 80.056 69,944 93,107 38,113,253 9,658 39,864 14,181 131,700 14,999 20,595 91,874 86,786 23,955 9,118 59,587 Kentucky Louisiana Territories. Arizona Maine Colorado 392 Massachusetts... Michigan* 1,651,912 1,334,031 598,429 Dist. of Columbia. Idaho * Mississippi Montana Missouri Nebraska "246,280 52,540 1,026; 502 4,705,208 New Mexico... Utah 375 Nevada Washington New Hampshire. New Jersey New York.... Wyoming 498 Total Territories. Aggregate of U. S.. * Included In t 965,032 2,915,203 he Rallro 442,730 1,265 North Carolina.. Ohio Oregon 38,555,983 ad Mileage 60,852 id. * Last Censu en In 1874 of Marylai PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD; POPULATION AND AREA. COUNTRIES. Population. Date of Census. Area in Square Miles. Inhabitants to Square Mile. CAPITALS. Population. China 446,500 000 1871 3 741 846 119.3 Pekin 1,648 800 British Empire 226 817 108 1871 4 677 432 48 6 3 251 800 Russia 81,925,410 1871 8 003 778 10.2 St. Petersburg 667 000 United States with Alaska 38 925 600 1870 ) McHenry .. .. McLean Menard Mercer 26 2000 2953 I27I4 Monroe *2I I5l6 Montgomery . __ Morgan Moultrie Ogle 3479 6i53 3222 Peoria . .. (<) 1215 Perry . Piatt Pike 11728 4094 2396 3316 Pope 26lO Pulaski Putnam . 2131 7944 /Ti3io 4429 Randolph .... 3492 Richland . Rock Island 2610 Saline Sangamon _ . 7 14716 6972 6215 6659 1573 13631 2800 7221 5524 9303 4240 6739 4810 5133 7919 2514 10167 4457 4609 12960 2959 Schuyler Scott Shelby- - 2972 Stark St.Clair .. 7078 *5 5248 Stephenson Tazewell.. 4716 3239 5836 2710 308 1675 2553 6091 Union 2362 Vermilion. Wabash Warren Washington.. 1517 1114 4828 Wayne White Whitesides Will Williamson.. Winnebago - . . Woodford Total.. 2^0801 I7IIQ5I 8^1470 47618-? 1*74.4 <; *49 =^162 PRODUCTIONS OF AGRICULTURE, STATE OF ILLINOIS, BY COUNTIES. 1870. JOUNTIES. Total Improved Land. Woodl'nd Other un- improved Spring Wheat. Winter Wheat. Rye. Indian Corn. Oars. Number. 19.329.952 Number. 5,061.578 Number. 1.491.331 Bushels. 10,133.207 Bushels. 19.995,198 Bushels. 2.456.57S Bushels. 129.921.39: Bushels. 42.780.851 Adams 287,926 13,836 145,045 137,307 57,062 398.611 37,684 186,864 92.902 419,368 241,472 118.594 146,922 150,177 208,337 348,824 105,505 75,342 334,502 168,539 147,633 164,874 ^65,458 58,912 120,343 187,196 141.228 80,749 228,132 49,572 175,408 193,999 88,996 311,517 28,117 140,954 265,904 322,510 78,548 90,867 118,951 94,147 156,517 57,820 240,120 312,182 164.004 330,829 207,779 533,724 87,828 322,212 377,505 321,705 205,259 231.059 257,032 173,081 166,057 209,453 25,151 261,635 230,566 494,978 134,173 222.809 92,810 276,682 293,450 144,220 ' 316,883 170,729 93 754 112,576 17.761 42,613 29,886 35,491 41.866 63.443 29,793 33,493 16,789 19,803 102,201 80,612 48,868 45,214 19,635 78,350 40,334 17,722 29,548 11,897 17,243 66,803 57,585 56.330 93,460 2,996 . 3,994 123,823 68,750 93,242 6,256 93,878 43,385 44,771 34,705 12,620 22,478 87,642 67,023 94,888 51,427 82.07B 3 34,646 10,978 14,244 41,566 21,072 48,117 72,738 12,071 12,462 17,394 18,153 81,224 89,450 61,579 ?8,260 jl.739 33,396 52,547 53,293 40,366 34.931 45,977 83,369 47,804 60,217 24,783 43,643 48,666 68,470 5,978 128,953 87.754 12.516 17,184 162,274 50,618 31,239 70,393 51,085 62,477 44,633 74,908 12,375 76,591 43.167 45,268 83,606 53,078 37.558 27,294 55,852 146,794 78.167 21.823 24,261 116.949 37.238 25,217 19,370 16,191 947.616 42,658 368.625 599 117,502 724 221,298 260 127,054 123,091 504,041 195.118 85,737 610,888 154,485 4,904 212,924 84,697 190 11,695 65,461 693 247,360 122,703 195,716 351,310 1,008 111.324 223.930 83 093 20.989 30 6,240 35,871 4,742 43,811 186 25,721 2.772 45,752 10,722 7,308 3,221 1,619 8,825 20,171 15,497 14,798 21,018 11 540 9,017 7,532 37,508 528 19.759 25,328 11,577 5.195 131,711 512 415 4,930 11.672 133,533 865 96,430 35,766 23,259 524 9,165 5,934 ""7.'i85 2,466 23.618 12,935 5.163 113,547 5,870 48,308 1,121 14,829 26,163 37.232 29,223 2.404 3,685 V4.517 36,135 49,182 544 52,401 29,264 39.824 4,283 40,778 1,425 3,296 5,535 6,670 157,504 99,502 1,016 9,248 25,303 2.309 222 7.707 3,235 3,401 20,003 568 23,073 20,841 930 23,686 30,534 1,008 135,362 59,027 1,737 52,476 ""fa! 212 2,576 8,665 418 31.658 8,030 6.228 137,985 20.426 1,452,905 244,220 1,064,052 466,985 337,769 3,030,404 234,041 1.367.965 1,146.980 3,924.720 1,883,336 614,582 1,019.994 813.257 2,133,111 570,427 581,964 403,075 1,023,849 1,311,635 1,680,225 331,981 2,107,615 352,371 620,247 962.525 565,671 653.208 1,508.763 509.491 1,051,313 295,971 735,252 1,510,401 172,651 1,712,901 2,541,683 799,810 611,951 461,345 887,981 519,120 1,286,326 343,298 674.333 637.399 681,267 2,708,319 517.353 3,077,028 656,363 1,656,978 1,182,696 4,221,640 2,214,468 1,051,544 2.127,549 1,034.057 1,182,903 2,648. 726 133,12ti 1,362,49(1 1,145,005 3.723.37H 1.973.881. 2.054,962 543,716 1,527,898 3.198.835 1,753.141 1,787,066 969.224 384,44(i 1,029.725 1.399,188 315,958 195.735 334.259 510,08t> 482,59-1 1,459,653 531,511; 4,388.763 440.975 752.771 2,082.578 1,149,878 1,423.121 1,615,679 2,062.053 679.753 2.818,027 421,361 2,982.853 836.115 1,179,291 870.521 2,162,943 1.131,458 655,710 1,237,406 2,154,185 759,074 21,627 461,097 579,127 70,852 987,426 26,234 775,100 168,784 721,375 383,821 212.628 269.945 446,324 315.954 1,584,225 136,255 171,880 1,087,074 216,756 225,074 860.809 290,679 129.152 386.073 497,395 154,589 222,426 261,390 27,164 64,029 269,332 203,464 579,599 26,991 229,286 668,367 430,746 149,931 149,214 285,949 71,770 874,016 74,525 785,608 772,408 468,890 787,952 699.069 1.509,642 131,386 903,197 659,300 490,226 454.648 459,417 475,252 389,446 362.604 272,660 22.097 280,717 910.397 911,127 235,091 452,889 152,251 668,424 198,724 263,992 141,540 334,892 338.760 130.610 161,419 67,886 16,511 86,519 414,487 204,634 276.575 69.793 397.718 119.359 13.463 637.812 316.726 476,851 960.620 505,841 124,473 436.051 110,793 HOI. 054 533,398 404.482 119.653 880.838 1,868.682 180,986 868.903 744, 5gl Alexander . Bond 1,915 2,658 25.608 15,803 2,754 33,302 6,604 58,502 19,173 5,420 5,225 8,722 3,274 17,337 27,185 5,604 6,551 17,633 7,316 3.851 14,282 830 26,206 16,786 63,976 86,710 4,076 2.565 29.653 4,505 3,343 18.480 107 14,243 31,459 63,498 5,991 12,25 778 1,363 45,779 79,141 399 10,598 2,283 25.155 24,399 2,356 3,273 7,409 41,788 408 9.115 7,343 13,675 4,142 2,97*> 31,013 30 14,035 57,998 49,087 13,952 22,588 666 8.495 1.378 13,112 14,913 2,516 220 13,897 9,302 700 241,042 13,276 465,236 418,073 12,165 102,577 18,360 Boone Brown Bureau Calhoun Carroll Cass Champaign Christian Clark Clay 1,894 500 2,651 144,296 60 550 398,059 106,493 7.683 106,096 13,283 Clinton Coles Cook Cumberland DeKalb DeWitt DuPage Edgar Kffingham 77 ""42.571 365 193,669 Fayette Ford Franklin Fulton tiallatin 577,400 150 92,347 232,750 32,306 69,062 445 10,480 329.036 87.808 100,553 558,367 555 92,191 325 480 1,249 7.654 221 2,193 264.1*4 2,260 1,339 40,963 196,613 861,398 1.207,181 173,652 900 125,628 72,316 36,146 270 10,955 45,793 13,203 651,767 744,891 357,523 196,436 5,580 31,843 350,446 39,762 1,057,497 70,457 44,922 Grundy 21,700 129 181,378 13 161,112 462,379 57,160 890 Hamilton Hancock Hardin Henderson Henry Iroquois Jackson Jersey .. "282; 758 JoDaviess Johnson Kane 188,826 103,466 90,681 267,764 168,914 271,181 "450', 793 120,206 198,056 55,239 160 550 Kankakee Kendall Knox I>ake LaSalle Lawrence Lee Logan Macon Macoupin Madison Marshall 106,129 73,261 Mason . McDonough ... . 273,871 401,790 211,801 36,152 289,291 McHenry McLean Meuard Mercer Montgomery 59 18,196 17,128 497,038 92,361 Morgan Moultrie Ogle Peoria Perry.-... Piatt. . . 94,454 233.785 55,980 19 319 26.382 130 Pike Pope . . Pulaski Putnam 37,271 140,764 75,079 155,214 72,309 4.174 1.170 2.025 20,755 809 19,932 21,294 1,610 9,314 2.783 2,016 13,701 14,846 5,300 31,122 509 14,583 1.931 10,486 869 37.310 6,335 1.648 15,237 23,135 28,137 450 796 1,031,022 150,268 2.279 83.011 247,658 165.724 266,105 452,015 Randolph Kichland Bock Island 243,541 200 89,304 56,221 18 15,526 124,630 2,550 527,394 132,417 ""44; 806 ""l86',290 Saline.... Sangamon 421.748 96,195 85,331 310,179 138,129 231,117 254,857 229,126 75,832 360,251 54,063 266.187 177592 147.352 92,398 289.809 419,442 128,448 241,373 225,504 Schuyler Scott . . . Shelby Stark St. Clair 1,562.621 2.118 72,410 180,231 249,558 202.201 5,712 672,486 164,689 184,321 264 1,996 170,787 2,468 108,307 Stephenson Tazewell Union Vermilion Wabash Warren Wayne White Whitesides Will 266 457,455 195,286 176 408,606 178,139 Williamson Wlnnebago Woodford MORGAN COUNTY. FRANKLIN Mil A' TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. (FROM THE SURVEY OF 1870, BY HENRY M. BANNISTER.) Morgan County is bounded on the north by Cass County ; on the east by Sangamon ; on the south by Macoupin and Greene, and on the west by Scott County and the Illinois River. It comprises about fifteen and two- thirds townships, or about five hundred and sixty-three square miles. Nearly or quite one-half of this is well wooded, the remainder is prairie. Besides the Illinois River, which forms a portion of its western boundary, the county is watered by several lesser streams, among which the Indian, Mauvaisterre, Sandy and Apple Creeks may be mentioned as the most important. Nearly all these streams head in the county, and attain considerable dimensions before passing beyond its limits. With their tributaries they afford good water facilities to the residents of the county, and carry off the surplus water in times of freshets. The county, away from the streams, is, in most part, a gently undu- lating prairie, with a rich, dark colored surface soil, similar in all respects to that in the adjoining regions, and differing but little from the general character of all the prairie soils in this part of the State. On the broken land, along the streams, the soil is generally lighter colored and clayey, and generally bears a heavy growth of black, white, and red oak, with some laurel oak, pin oak, butternut and shell-bark hickory, black walnut, bitternut, white and slippery elm, iron wood, sassafras, hackberry, red bud, soft and sugar maple, linden, and hazel. On the narrow strip of land, which borders many of the streams, in addition to many of the above species, swamp white oak, chinquapin oak, sycamore, paw-paw, and cotton wood are found. In the extreme western portion of the county, the Illinois River is bordered by an extensive tract of bottom land, rang- ing from four to six miles in width at different points. In this bottom, with the exception of a few tracts of low sand ridge, covered with stunted black jack, the soil is a rich, arenaceous loam, which, whenever sufficiently elevated, is one of the best soils in the county. A considerable portion of this bottom, however, is flooded by the river, and certain tracts are so little elevated as to form permanent shallow lakes or sloughs. Along the edges of the bluffs, at their immediate base, there is generally a sandy slope, similar in soil and timber to the sand ridges in the bottom, the material of which is derived from the marly sand of the Loess, of which e bluffs are mainly composed. The Loess, the most recent of the geological formations after the Alluvium, occurs in this county along the Illinois River bluffs, in which it attains a thickness of from sixty to eighty feet. Back from the bluffs A 222 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. it rapidly thins out, and is seldom seen extending more than a mile or two up the side ravines, and indeed it frequently disappears entirely within a much less distance. The material is generally an ash or buff colored, marly sand, containing fossil fresh water shells of existing species, here as elsewhere, forming high conical bluffs, which constitute a peculiar feature in the landscape. So resistant is this material to atmospheric influences, that many of the bluffs are crowned by steep mural escarpments of compacted sand, which preserve their shape from year to year, despite the wearing action of the frosts and showers. The deposits of the Drift extend over nearly the whole surface of the county, their thickness ranging all the way from twenty to eighty or one hundred feet, and at Jacksonville its thickness attains to even one hundred and forty-seven feet. The material of this formation is generally a blue or yellow clay, with occasional seams or strata of quicksand or gravel. Good sections of this formation are, however, rarely met with, both on account of the infrequency of shafts or wells of sufficient depth, and of the frequent lack of reliable information in regard to those wells which have been sunk. In general, however, the brown clays are upper- most, and are underlaid by bluish clays and hard-pan. Boulders are abundant in all parts of the county, but in this region are seldom of such size as farther north. Many of the transported boulders show polished and striated, or streaked surfaces, on two or more sides, but no such surfaces were observed in any exposures of rock in situ. The older geological formations which appear in the surface expos- ures of this county, are the Coal Measures and the St. Louis Limestone., Of the former, there is between the uppermost, and lowest exposures a considerable average thickness, it is difficult to state how much, but probably several hundred feet, including the horizon of two or three workable coal seams. Of the St. Louis Limestone only a limited thick- ness of the upper beds is exposed. THE COAL MEASURES. This formation underlies nearly the whole county; the only portion in which it is not the uppermost rock, being a com- paratively limited area along the Illinois bottoms and bluffs. Considerable difficulty is experienced in forming a correct idea of the details of this formation in this county, on account of the wide separation and varying character of the outcrops. The aggregate thickness, however, may be set down as not less than three hundred feet, and probably more. Within this thickness there are at least three, and most probably four, beds of coal of sufficient thickness to be profitably worked. The only surface outcrops of No. 1 of the Illinois River section are along the Illinois River bluffs near the northern line of the county, in sections 2, 3 and 4, township 16, range 12 west, where it has been worked to a slight extent by drifts driven horizontally into the hillside, and has, at least at one point, been worked by stripping along the outcrop. The sandstone No. 3, of this section, has been worked to some extent as a building stone, and is exposed in several places along the river bluffs in this vicinity. The other beds are only to be seen at one or two points, and the outcrop of the coal vein itself is every where covered by soil and debris from the beds above. In the southwest quarter of section 4, township 16, range 11, it is reported that a coal bed occurs a few feet below the bed of Indian HISTORY OF MOKGAN COUNTY. 223 Creek, which has been worked by stripping during seasons of very low water. A little distance below the point where the coal was said to occur, the geologist observed masses of nodular, argillaceous limestone, which he judged to have been derived from the under-clay of the coal. Still further up the creek, in the northeast part of section 15, he observed an outcrop of reddish, concretionary sandstone, which may perhaps be the equivalent of the sandstone No. 3, in the same section. A coal bank, situated in the northwest quarter of section 33, township 16, range 12, was for some time worked. The distance from the surface of the ground to the bottom of the coal in the shaft was about twenty-six feet. After passing through fifteen feet of soil and drift clay, about eight feet of dark colored shale and black slate, containing heavy iron- stone concretions are met with, and still under this, the coal at this point only twenty inches in thickness. The fragments of black slate, which had been thrown out of the shaft, contained few fossils. A bed of coal, which may possibly be the same as that in the localities already mentioned, is reported to occur in about the center of the western part of section 20, township 16, range 12. The coal is said to occur at a depth of about twelve feet below the bed of Coon Run, where it has been struck by excavations, although it was found impossible to work it on account of the water. The bed of the creek a short distance above this point is composed of rather irregularly bedded, light gray limestone. Below, along the banks and bed of the stream, in the eastern part of section 19, there appears a light colored, shaly limestone in the bed of the stream, and about two hundred yards still farther down the stream, but higher in actual position, heavy beds of a soft, massive, ferruginous sandstone appear in the sides of the ravine. The coal No. 2 of the Illinois River section is worked in this county at one of its typical localities, and probably at several other points. At Neeleyville, on the Wabash railroad, near the western border of the county, this seam of coal immediately underlies the Drift at a depth below the surface, at the principal diggings, of from ten to fifteen feet. A shaft sunk upon the top of the hill a short distance south of the railroad, passed through eighty-five feet of the brown and blue clays of the Drift before reaching the coal. The seam varies from four to four and half feet in thickness, of which about three and one-half feet is available the remainder being required to be left to support the roof. In the eastern part of the village a shaly sandstone, varying in color from light reddish to gray, is exposed in the bottom and sides of the ditches along the railroad for a distance of three hundred yards or more. The whole thickness exposed is not over eight feet, and the beds appear to be nearly horizontal. Other localities, of probably the same vein of coal, are in the north- west corner of section 34, township 16, range 12, and in the southern part of sections 21 and 22 in the same township. In the former of these localities, the coal was worked by drifting into the side of a small ravine. The bed was reported to be about four feet in thickness. This coal bank is about half or three quarters of a mile from McPhersoirs shaft, already noticed as a locality of the lowest seam of No. 1 of the Illinois River section. Its level is probably from forty to fifty feet above the coal seam opened by the shaft. In the southern part of section 22 the workings were situated along 224 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. the bank of Coon Run for a distance of about half a mile. The coal was worked by horizontal drifts in the side of the bluff, all of which have long been discontinued. The seam is reported to be about three feet in thickness. In the northwest corner of section 18, township 15, range 11, at a point where the Wabash railroad crosses the Mauvaisterre, there is an exposure of thirty feet or more of shaly sandstone and arenaceous shales. The shaly beds may be traced along the stream for a distance of nearly a half mile from the bridge, where they finally disappear, and above this point along the stream, and indeed in the whole northeastern portion of the county, there are no prominent exposures of any of the beds of the older formations. No. 2 of this section is the bed which is here worked as a building stone. It is extremely soft and easily worked when first taken out, but is said to harden on exposure to the weather. It is considerably used for building purposes in the vicinity. Below the quarry, exposures of shaly sandstone and arenaceous shales occur along the banks of the creek wherever it touches the bluffs which edge the narrow bottom as far as the county line, a distance of about one mile, and probably continue to appear along the lower course of the branch in Scott County. Above the quarry there are no prominent outcrops, although the same beds undoubtedly occur in the hill sides. Passing southward from this point along the western side of the county, the next exposure of the Coal Measures is on the south side of Sandy Creek in the western part of section 16, township 14, range 11. The outcrop is only of limited extent, and consists of light colored, rather argillaceous shale, overlaid by sandstone,. The vertical thickness is, perhaps, four feet. The sandstone is only seen in tumbling masses. Proceeding up the ravine of Sandy Creek, in the bottom of one of the side ravines opening from the northward in the northwest quarter of section 11, township 14, range 11, a large tumbling mass of light colored, brittle limestone is seen, which evidently had not been far removed from its original bed. Similar masses often occur in one or two side ravines of this stream and some of its tributaries in this vicinity, but no good out- crop of beds in place, occur in this part of its course. In the western half of section 9, township 14, range 10, there are exposures of light colored fossiliferous limestone which has been quarried in several places along the bluffs on the south side of the creek. Underneath this limestone at one or two points, a little west of the center of the section, appear exposures of a light colored shale, apparently entirely destitute of fossil remains. The whole exposed thickness of the shale is about ten feet ; that of the limestone is not so easily ascertained, as the exposures are not continuous, and the whole thickness is not exposed at any one place. Judging from the difference of level in the different exposures it would seem to be not less than that of the shale, and probably much more. A little farther up the stream, near the center of the section, at the crossing of the railroads (St. Louis, Jacksonville and Chicago), a shaft has been sunk about half way up the side of the bluff, penetrating the Drift and underlying beds about eighty feet. No prominent exposures of rock occur on any of the tributaries of Sandy Creek, lying to the southward. The nearest point where they appear is on the left bank of Coal Creek, in the northwest corner of HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 225 section 16, township 14, range 10, where a foot or two in thickness of a light colored, calcareous shale, or shaly limestone, has been laid bare by the wash of the stream in the overhanging bank. The same occurs at several points below along the stream. Farther down the stream, near the center of the south part of section 30, is a coal bank. Here the coal ranges in thickness from three feet eight inches to four feet, and is over- laid at one or two points with decomposing dark slate. Perhaps this is generally the case, but the exposures do not show it well. The limestone No. 1 is well exposed, and the vein of coal has been slightly worked by stripping in one of the side ravines, a little distance below the main coal banks. Following down the stream, below the coal bank, a reddish, shaly sandstone is exposed in its bed, which, at a point a mile below, forms a perpendicular bank ten feet high. Similar exposures of the same light reddish or brown sandstone occur here and there along the creek to the county line, and below into Greene County. In the village of Murray- ville and its immediate vicinity, two or three borings have been made, in two of which coal is reported to have been met at depths of one hundred and seven and one hundred and twenty feet. This coal is reported as overlaid by sandstone and black slate ; but in neither case did the boring penetrate the coal more than twenty-three inches. It may possibly be the same vein as that worked on Coal Creek. The principal natural exposures of the Coal Measures in this county, which remain to be noticed, are those on the main Apple Creek and its principal tributaries. The greater portion of the eastern and northeast- ern townships of Morgan County are upland prairie, where all the older formations are deeply buried under the heavy accumulations of Drift, and where none of the streams, which here take their rise, have cut down through these quarternary deposits to any considerable extent. In the northeast quarter of section 18, township 13, range 8, on the north fork of Apple Creek, an exposure in the side of the bluff is observed of about twenty-five feet in vertical height. The upper twenty feet is an arenaceous shale. The remaining lower portion consists of one or two thin beds of limestone, with black carbonaceous shale and fire clay, and in some places one or two inches of coal between the dark colored shale and fire clay. The limestone affords but few fossils. The lower beds m&y be traced along the banks of the creek near half a mile, although the exposure is not continuous, and then the dip of the strata being apparently a little greater than the fall of the stream, and in the same direction about southwest it finally disappears beneath its bed. Heavy exposures of a massive brownish or reddish sandstone is observed in one of the side ravines a little below the place where these beds dis- appear, running from the northward, having probably a total thickness of over thirty feet. A similar sandstone is said to occur some two miles above this point on the creek. Down the ravine about half a mile dis- tant, appearances indicate that limestone has been quarried at one time, though the ledges are not now visible. Below this place, outcroppings of the older rocks are not frequent along the fork of Apple Creek, until near its junction with the main creek. Below the forks of the creek, as far as the county line, a bed of hard, bluish limestone appears at the water's edge, and at a few points it may be seen that this is overlaid by 226 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. argillaceous shales. On a small branch which comes down from the northwest and enters the creek bottoms near the county line, a coal seam has been worked by stripping. A little farther up the shale is exposed with thin beds of limestone, and over all a massive grayish sandstone and sandy shale. Passing up the east fork of Apple Creek, above the junc- tion, a continuation of the hard, bluish limestone before mentioned, is found, appearing along the banks of the stream for more than a mile, sometimes in place, and sometimes in large tumbling masses in the bed of the creek. It also appears in some of the side ravines, and has been some- what quarried in the southwest quarter of section 31, township 13, range 8, at a distance of nearly three-quarters of a mile from the creek. This lime- stone is probably the same as that observed farther down stream, as it is identical with it in appearance and thickness. Still farther up stream it appears still higher in the side of the bluffs, and has been considerably quarried, while at a little above this point it disappears entirely, and is seen no more along the stream. Up a small branch which enters Apple Creek from the southwest, near the center of the south line of section 27, outcrops of shale, lime- stone, etc., with a small vein of coal are seen. A little below this point there is a continual ledge of the shale, from five to eight feet in height, extending along the bank of the river for a distance of twenty or thirty rods. Still further up the ravine, in the northeast quarter of section 34, the coal again outcrops, and still above this, near the Macoupin County line, in the southwest quarter of section 35, there is an exposure of ten or fifteen feet of shale, overlying the thin limestone No. 1 , of the above section. North of these exposures, in the eastern part of the county, there are but one or two points where the older rocks appear above the sur- face, or are artificially exposed. One of these occurs in the northeast quarter of section 25, township 13, range 8, where a reddish sandstone, in layers varying from two inches to a foot in thickness, has been quar- ried as a building stone. This stone also occurs in the bed of a small branch running north into Apple Creek, and four or five feet of gravel has to be removed before reaching the valuable portions of the rock. To the northward of this, in the vicinity of Waverly, sandstone is said to have been met in digging wells, at a depth of sixteen or eighteen feet, possibly the same beds that are exposed at this point. Near Prentice, in the northeast corner of the county, a shaft has been sunk in the beds of the Coal Measures and the overlying Drift, to the depth of about two hundred and twent} r feet, and has been continued by boring over one hundred feet more. It passes through three veins of coal, none of which are three feet in thickness. The only point remaining to be mentioned in Morgan County, as a locality, where the beds of the Coal Measures have been penetrated, is at the city of Jacksonville, where a bed of coal, thirty inches in thickness, is reported to have been struck by a boring made on the grounds of the Insane Asylum, at a depth of one hundred and ninety feet. Another boring, made near the track of the Wabash railroad, just east of the city limits, is reported to have struck coal at nearly the same depth. The Drift here is over one hundred and forty feet in thickness. COAL. As will be seen by the foregoing pages, at least four or five HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 227 different beds of coal appear in the surface outcrops and artificial exca- vations of this county, several of which have been more or less exten- sively worked. In fact, the whole surface of the county, excepting the Illinois bottoms and a small area immediately adjoining, is probably underlaid by one or more veins of coal. The lowest of these, the No. 1, or Exeter coal, has been mined to some extent along the river bluffs, near the northern border of the county, where the seam is about two and a half feet thick. It is probably the seam that has been worked on Indian Creek, in section 4, township 16, range 11, but beyond it is not identified in any exposures within the county. Although the coal of this seam is of a good quality, it is not generally of sufficient thickness to be profitably mined, except along the natural outcrops, or where it is only of compara- tively insignificant depth below the surface. The next seam above this, the Neeleyville coal, is rather extensively worked at that place. The seam here is about four feet thick, and only twelve or fourteen feet below the surface of the principal diggings along the railroad. However, as it has no good natural roof, but is overlaid immediately by the clays of the Drift, from six to twelve inches of coal^has to be left for a roof, and much trouble and expense must be incurred in cribbing. The coal is of good quality, and is much used on the Wabash railroad, and is also sent elsewhere to market. The four-foot vein, which outcrops along Coal Creek, in section 30, township 13, range 10, has been mined to some extent, but the works have been abandoned. This bed contains some pyrites, disseminated throughout the mass ; but when sufficiently free from this material, the coal is reported to be of a very good quality. The other veins of coal which are worked at all in this county, probably belong to the middle and upper Coal Measures, and, as far as they have been opened, are generally of comparatively slight thick- ness. It would seem probable, however, considering these beds to belong to the upper and middle parts of the formation, that other and heavier seams of coal may be met with at greater depths beneath the surface. All the borings which have been made in the central part of the county seem to confirm this, as far as they go. The small vein outcropping along Apple Creek, in the southeastern part of the county, is not easy to place in the general section. It probably is, also, in the middle portion of the series, if not higher. The thickness is too slight to admit of its being Irofitably worked, except by stripping, along its outcrop. ST. Louis LIMESTONE. The outcrops of this formation are confined to the base of the bluffs, along the eastern edge of the Illinois bottoms in this county. In lithological characters it is also rather variable, con- sisting of reddish and light colored sandstones, and a hard, impure, red- dish, calcareous rock, which appears in several places. It nowhere pre- sents such a development as may be met farther south, and disappears entirely before reaching the northern limits of the county. The most northern exposures observed by the geologist were in the southwest cor- ner of section 19, township lb', range 12, where a light gray sandstone appears on the sides of the bluff road, and a little higher up the side of the bluff large tumbling masses of a light colored sandstone are seen. About a quarter of a mile below this point ledges of a reddish, splinter- ing, calcareous sand rock appear on the side of the bluffs, and have been 'mewhat quarried. 228 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Passing still farther to the south and west along the bluff road, a light reddish, shaly sandstone appears at various points in the ditches alongside the road, and in the bottoms of some o'f the small ravines which come down through the bluffs. Mention has already been made, in the earlier part of this chapter, of a reddish sandstone occurring in heavy ledges in the ravines of Coon Run, which may possibly belong to this formation, but more probably to the Coal Measures. About a half mile north of the southern line of the county, in the western part of section 36, there is a small quarry on the edge of the bottom in a rather coarser grained, light colored sandstone, which has been excavated to the depth of about four feet. In none of the exposures of the rocks of this age in Morgan County were any good fossils obtained ; but ledges of rock containing some of the characteristic fossils of this group in tolerable abundance occur a short distance over the boundary in Scott County. CLAYS. Some of the underclays of the different coal seams in this county will furnish a good material for fire-brick, tile, or pottery. The clay beds under the different coal seams, however, generally appear at the surface only along the sides of high blutts, or in the bottoms of deep ravines, and have not as yet been turned to economical account. Good clays for ordinary brick making are found in the beds of the Drift, under the surface soils in all parts of the county. BUILDING MATERIALS. The sandstone over coal No. 1 in the north- western part of the county, has been worked to some extent as a building stone, and, in some instances, appears to answer the purpose well, and when a proper selection is made of this material, it appears durable. The stone abutments of a bridge over Indian Creek at Arenzville, just over the line in Cass County, which were built for the Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad, are of this sandstone, quarried within the limits of Morgan County, and after many years exposure, appeared as whole and sharply cut as when first laid. In some parts of these beds, however, the rock seems to crumble on weathering, and should, therefore, be rejected as a building stone. The sandstone worked on Willow Branch in section 19, township 15, range 11, is probably near the same geological horizon. It is very similar in appearance, being a light brown or gray sandstone, weathering to a rather lighter color than that from the previously men- tioned localities. It is quite easily worked when first quarried, but hardens on exposure. The limestone beds of the Coal Measures, and their use as a building material, have been briefly noticed in the preceding pages. Their use has been mainly local and limited, and from the restricted nature of the expo- sures in the sides of high bluffs or bottoms of ravines, and the general inconsiderable thickness of the strata, it seems probable that it could not well be otherwise. The sandstone beds of the Coal Measures, when sufficiently resistant to atmospheric influences, are likely to afford the principal home supply of building material in this county. The sand- stones of the St. Louis group, which outcrop in this county, have also been used to some extent, but no such quarries as are found in this group in the adjoining counties, have as yet been opened in Morgan County. Some of the limestone beds in this county appear suitable for the manu- facture of quick lime. Most of this article, however, is derived elsewhere, its manufacture not being carried on to any extent in any place in the HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 229 county. Sand and gravel are sufficiently abundant in all parts for building purposes. RAILROADS. The first railroad in the West was built in this county, the Northern Cross Railroad, from Meredosia to Springfield. Eight miles east from Meredosia was laid in 1838, the first rail being laid May 9. There are now, including main and side tracks, 104 miles of railway in the county, distributed as follows : Chicago and Alton, 31 ; Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southwestern, 20 ; Peoria, Pekin and Jacksonville, 10 ; St. Louis, Rock Island and Chicago (C.B.& Q.), 9 ; and the Wabash, 34. The entire value of these roads in the county, including their buildings, right of way, and rolling stock, is $535,527.55. POPULATION. By the school census of 1877, 7,765 males, and 7,634 females under twenty-one years of age, 15,399 in all, were reported. 5,479 males, and 5,247 females 10,726 were between the ages of six and twenty-one years. If those under twenty-one years of age be taken as three-eighths of the population, it is 40,058. If those of school age be taken as one-fourth, the aggregate population is 41,904. Each calcula- tion approximates the same result, and either is not far from the truth. If the wealth as heretofore given was proportioned among the inhabitants of the county, each one's share would be about two hundred arid fifty dollars. AGRICULTURE. " Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield, Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke ; How jocund did they drive their teams afield ! How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke." As the majority of our readers are among the farmers, a short resume of the history of agriculture will be interesting and appropriate in these pages. From a paper piepared by Hon. W. C. Flagg, of Moro, Illinois, in 1870, we learn very many interesting details regarding the introduction of this most important branch of industry, and from it we glean our items. The agricultural history of the State covers nearly two centuries of time, the first of which is hardly less mythical than that of its savage predecessors. Yet in the last century Illinois promises to lead the van of agricultural production in the United States. Geographical position has much to do with this pre-eminence. South of the State it is too hot for wheat, north of it, it is too cold for corn. Accordingly in the latitude of Illinois. American agriculture can be diversified more than anywhere else. " State has an area, according to the census report, of 55,410 square miles, or according to the State Auditor, of 55,872 square miles, or 35,758,080 acres. It is twelfth in area of the organized States; but probably has as many arable acres as any of the eleven that precede it in nominal area, while it excels them all in soil, climate, or position. Its area is equal to nearly one-half that of the British Isles, or one-quarter that of France. It is equal to forty-two Rhode Islands, or twenty-six Delawares. It is said that with the exception of Louisiana and Delaware, to be the most level State in the Union. Cairo is but 350 feet above the level of the sea, and Jo Daviess County, in which are the most elevated portions of the State, is barely 600 feet higher. ' P T1 1 I 230 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. The soil of this vast plain is said to be mainly founded on Drift from more northern localities. Among the most characteristic soils are those of the river bottoms, whose fertility seems inexhaustible. These comprise large tracts, some of which those on the "American Bottom" have been in cultivation for a century, without perceptible deterioration. The midland Counties of Morgan, Sangamon, Menard, Macon, etc., have proved best suited, of the upland regions, for corn culture. Others, south of these, lead in winter wheat. Both of these seem to be results of peculiarity of soil. However various, the soils of Illinois are remarkable for their fertility. Bayard Taylor, who has seen as large a proportion of the earth's surface as most men, pronounced it the largest body of equally fertile land that he had seen. The agriculturalist chemist, Volcker, stated that he had never analyzed nor heard of soils so rich in. nitrogen. In 1870, 50.7 per cent, of the people of Illinois were engaged in agricultural pursuits. It is hardly probable the percentage has decreased. On the other hand, many large farms in the State, especially in Morgan County, have been divided and sold in smaller lots, and here the percent- age is greater. In 1870, there were 202,803 farms. On these there were 376,441 persons engaged in agricultural pursuits. In this county the farms averaged, in 1870, 170 acres each. Alexander, Edwards, Greene, Macoupin, and Putnam, were in the same grade. The smallest farms are in the fruit producing regions, the largest where cattle raising is the principal occupation. The State having passed through the pioneer period, when hunting and Indian fighting were the principal occupations of the population, and through the -pastoral period, when herds and flocks, running at large on the wild lands, were the principal source of agricultural wealth, may be now said to have fairly entered upon field culture, or agriculture proper. This is still of the extensive rather than the intensive kind, and shows no such yields per acre as may properly be expected when' a larger amount of capital to the acre can be profitably invested in production. CEREALS. Maize is the first crop, both in importance and chronology. The origin of Indian corn, like that of wheat and barley, is lost in the twilight of antiquity. Bonafous, who wrote long ago, and is still the best authority, was of opinion that Indian corn was indigenous both in China and in southwestern South America. Says Mr. B. F. Johnson, of Champaign, Illinois : " The prehistoric evidence afforded by comparative philology, establishes the fact that wheat and barley were cultivated by a race dwelling somewhere on the plains of Central Asia, at a time so remote that out of their language as the mother tongue, grew, in the course of many centuries, the Latin, the Greek, the Sanscrit, and the whole tribe of Indo-European languages. The same kind of testimony, gathered from geological investigation in South America, and from ancient tombs, shows conclusively that Indian corn was there cultivated at a period long anterior to the dynasty of the Incas, which commenced in the twelfth century. " However, Humbolt,the universal savant whose testimony is enormous, says there is no doubt in the minds of botanists, that Indian corn is a truly American plant, and that the new world gave it to the old. Those who are of his opinion, say it was on his return from his first voyage, in the year 1493, that Columbus brought to Europe the first grains of Indian HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 231 corn, and thence its cultivation spread into Portugal," and the south of Europe. The Portuguese, who were at that time the great navigators of the world, having doubled Cape Horn previously, and discovered Java, in 1495, introduced it along the African coast, and into Java ; and thence its cultivation spread into India and China, arid Indian corn was. correctly figured in a Chinese work on agriculture, as early as 1552. " Though the weight of Humbolt's testimony is great on any such question as this, is it not quite as reasonable to suppose that Indian corn may have been indigenous to China, and have been cultivated there, as to suppose that in the comparatively brief space of little more than half a century it should have been transferred from America to Europe ; thence to Java, thence to China ; and have been so generally adopted and culti- vated by that cautious and slow-moving people, as to have been figured in a book so short a time after its introduction to the country. " The arguments derived from vegetable physiology strongly favor its eastern origin ; because, while Farther India and China contain many native plants of related genera, like sorghum and millet, very little, if any thing of the kind, is to be found among the botanical productions of South America. By the barest possibility, Indian corn may have been introduced into some portions of North America by the Chinese, some centuries ago. And the present remote probability may become a rea- sonable one, if modern antiquarians succeed in establishing the fact of the discovery of America by the Chinese at least a thousand years before its discovery by Columbus a triumph of skillful and successful research which may not be far off. " But whatever the origin of Indian corn may have been, whether on the slopes of the Andes, or in the fertile valleys of China, modern botanists and naturalists are pretty well agreed that the original Indian corn belonged to the species known as Zea Tunica, or clothed Indian corn ; each kernel of the ear being enveloped in a separate tunic, or husk, the grains of which may be of various shapes and colored white, yellow, or red. Descending and departing from this species, the varieties of Indian corn have become innumerable, each country and climate, every soil, situation, and parallel having one or more especially suited to the I circumstances ; so that an extensive collection of the varieties of Indian corn would contain specimens from eighteen inches high to as many feet, with ears ranging in size from that of a lady's finger to that of the fore- arm of a strong man. No cereal accepts the modifications of soil and climate so easily and quickly as Indian corn. In a broad and general sense, every soil, situation, and climate, produces a certain normal development of stalk and ear ; and though cultivation and enriching the soil may increase the results, it does so simply by practically changing soil and climate both. " The prairie soils of Illinois, underdrained and enriched by a liberab use of fertilizers, and seeded with the best common Indian corn of the country, produce a stock eight or nine feet high, which carries an ear breast high to a man, that will measure nine to ten inches in length, two to two and a half inches in diameter ; when bone dry, weighs fifteen to eighteen ounces, has twenty-two to twenty-four rows, and counts one thousand kernels." The same seed planted on other soils, produces other 232 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. results, which is clearly seen in the corn brought from different localities in the United States. Corn has been grown in the Mississippi valley since its earliest occu- pation by the French. Marquette, in 1673 ; Allouez, in 1676, and Mem- bre, in 1679, all mention its cultivation by the Illinois Indians long before the coming of the white man. These missionaries fail to describe the varieties cultivated, so that we can identify them with the Pueblo Indians, or other aborigines. Charlevoix, in 1721, Du Pratz, in 1758, and Pitman, in 1770, seem to indicate that the early French settlers had not yet adopted its culture to an extent that made it an important product. The small grains are more mentioned than Indian corn. As early as 1800, however, according to Reynolds, it had begun to take a prominent place in the list of cereals. He states that in the war of 1812 the French obtained the knowledge from the Americans of the use of the small plows, to plow among the green corn. For more than one hun- dred years the French plowed in their corn about the first of June, and turned under the weeds, and not many grew until the corn was up out of the reach of them. They planted their seed corn in the furrows as they broke the ground, and turned the furrow on the corn planted ; plowed a few furrows more, and planted another row of corn, and so on until the field was all planted. The weeds were kept down with the hoe or briar scythe. The Americans grew the same varieties as now, but the French raised almost entirely the hard, flinty corn from which hominy was manufactured. Considerable quantities of corn were shipped to New Orleans in flat-boats, but both navigation and the market were uncertain. So long as swine found abundant mast in the woodlands, and cattle suffi- cient grazing, even in the winter, in Southern Illinois, the demand for home consumption was not large. The first settlers of the prairies now included in Morgan County, grew this cereal in considerable quantities, and hauled it to St. Louis in wagons, or shipped it thither by the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. It furnished their chief article for bread, and when ground in the old mill, or grated in the grater, and baked, as only women of those days could bake it, made an excellent and wholesome food. Corn is now one of the chief grains raised by the farmers, and on the prairies of Morgan County is as staple a product as cotton in the South. Illinois is far in advance of any State in the number of bushels raised, and ranks among the first as to quality. Wheat, although not an aboriginal grain, was introduced at an early day. Charlevoix, who went down the Mississippi in 1721, writing from Kaskaskia, speaks of the Illinois soil as " extremely proper for wheat," and that " if the trials made in some places have not succeeded because the corn has been blasted and mildewed, it is owing to this circumstance that the country not being cleared, the wind has not free access to dis- perse those noxious vapors which generate mildews. An evident proof of which may be drawn from this : that among the Illinois, where there is more meadow (prairie) than woodland, wheat thrives and ripens as well as in France." Du Pratz, who wrote a description of the country, then'called Louisiana, in 1758, says: " The French Post of the Illinois is, of all the colony, that in which, with the greatest ease, they grow wheat, rye and other like grains, for the sowing of which you need only to turn the earth in the slightest manner ; that slight culture is sufficient to HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. make the earth produce as much as we can reasonably desire. I have been assured that in the last year, when flour from France was scarce, the Illinois sent down the river upwards of eight hundred thousand weight thereof in one winter." This would be about 4,000 barrels. Monette states, on the authority of Martin, that six hundred barrels of flour were sent to New Orleans from Illinois in 1746. Pittman, in 1770, mentions that " in the late war flour and other articles were sent down the Mississippi," and notes mills " for corn and planks " at Kahoquias and Saint Phillippe. Governor Reynolds, in his Life and Times, states that the French, in 1800, "sowed spring wheat, as their common fields were occupied all winter by the cattle. The Americans mostly raised fall wheat, and at times some spring wheat also. It was tolerably well plowed in with the ox team." Even as late as his day the sickle or the reap-hook was the only implement used to cut the grain. It was stacked by the Americans, and put in barns by the French. It was threshed by horses and winnowed with a sheet, which latter process the Governor pronounces the hardest work he ever performed. Woods, in 1820, writing from what is now Edwards County, says " that one bushel of wheat to the acre is sown. Most of the wheat sown by the Americans," he says, "was after Indian corn. It was sown before the corn was gathered, and plowed in between the rows of corn. It was sown in September, or early in October. They sowed some after oats or flax, and for some they made fallows. What they sowed after the last three was generally better than that after Indian corn, when sown in good time. Most of the backward wheat was touched with the blight, more or less chiefly according to its thickness on the ground." He states that beard- ed wheat was then generally grown and preferred. Rev. J. M. Peck, in 1831, says, " that wheat produces a good and sure crop, especially in Morgan, Sangamon and other counties north. Few of our farmers," he adds, " have barns or threshing floors ; the grain is put up in stacks, exposed to the weather, and trod out with horses on the ground, with considerable loss and injury. And yet, with all these dis- advantages which time and industry will overcome the flour of Illi- nois and Missouri is superior to that of other Western States, when properly manufactured." As late as 1840, winter wheat was generally grown, and spring wheat was not much sown. As cultivation increased the lands became less easily worked ; the young growth was less luxu- riant, and diseases, insects, and winter-killing became more common. About 1850, the introduction of the drill gave a powerful impetus to this declining industry. The deep sowing effected by the drill, and the pro- tection afforded to the tender plant by the ridges left in the soil, secured comparative certainty for the crop. In Northern Illinois the transition was to the culture of spring wheat, and between 1840 and 1860 it was made a crop of great prominence. Since the latter date, however, it has declined generally, and is regarded as an uncertain and unprofitable crop, while the drill has not overcome the disadvantages of a colder climate and more open soil for winter wheat. If in the future the wheat-grow- ing districts shall be transferred to the West, it will not be a drawback to the prosperity of the State. Southern Illinois, however, in common with much territory lying in the same latitude, will produce a quality of wheat that will be profitably grown, and here we may anticipate its al- 234 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. ways being cultivated to a considerable extent, as in Southern Indiana, Ohio, and in Virginia. The culture of oats is not mentioned earlier than 1820. Seed was scarce, the crop was generally poor, and the grain much hurt by the dry weather. The oat crop is mainly confined to the northern part of the State, especially in Will, Cook and LaSalle Counties, and in 1870 exceed- ed any other State by six millions of bushels. The cereals of minor importance in Illinois agriculture, are rye, bar- ley, and buckwheat. The first culture of these is more difficult to trace than that of more important grains. Du Pratz mentions rye as cultiva- ted by the French as early as 1758. Reynolds states, however, that in 1800 neither barley nor rye were cultivated in the country. Woods, in 1820, says : " I believe no barley has yet been cultivated near us, nor have I seen any growing anywhere in America ; but I saw some winter barley in a barn at Harmony, in Indiana." He had seen no rye, nor any buckwheat at the " Prairies," with the exception of about twenty rods of 4 his own. In 1831, Rev. J. M. Peck says, that " barley is raised in St. Clair County for the St. Louis breweries." By 1840, the quantity, though very small, began to appear in the census reports. Rye, in Illinois agri- culture, has, to a limited extent, replaced winter wheat in some of the northern and central counties, on account of its hardiness. It has an in- creased use as winter pasture, in some of the southern counties, but is chiefly grown in the northern counties. Barley is grown mostly in the north. Buckwheat makes no progress, and seems rather diminishing than increasing in importance. The cereal production of Illinois is enormous. According to the figures of 1872, over one hundred and thirty-eight bushels of grain were produced for each man, woman and child of the population of that year. For 1877, the yield was larger, and though the population was greater, the amount for each person was not in the least diminished. GRASSES. The large area covered with luxuriant herbage, in the pioneer days of Illinois, made it unnecessary for hay making for a long period. Along the Ohio, Mississippi, and Illinois Rivers extensive cane brakes grew, in which the cattle found abundant food and shelter during the winter months. As early as 1800, however, the settlers began to cut and stack prairie hay. . Woods and Peck are the first to describe the grasses found in the country as early as their day 1820 and 1831. Woods says, " Prairie grass is a very strong grass ; cattle are very fond of it, but mowing or feeding soon destroys it." He describes other kinds, called by the early settlers, "Nimble-Will," "Crab-grass," and " Yard-grass." " Red or white clover," he says, " I have not seen, but I have heard there are small patches of the latter in the prairies. Both sorts are said to be extremely pernicious to horses, cattle, and pigs. I have not seen trefoil, rye-grass, sanfoin, and cock's-foot, or English grass, with the exception of a little lucern, just come up, which I think is likely to succeed. The grass most commonly cultivated here is timothy- grass. It belongs to the English meadow-grass, but grows here a larger size. It does not appear to be a good pasture grass. Blue-grass is highly prized, but as a pasture grass is, I believe, unknown in England." Mr. Peck, in 1831, says, " timothy-grass is already cultivated with much suc- cess." He also says, "a species of blue-grass is cultivated by some HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 235 farmers for pastures." According to Robert Aldrich, of Madison County, bunches of white clover began to appear as early as 1818, along the road between Goshen settlement and St. Louis, and the blue-grass came al- most immediately in its train. The list of early known pasture and meadow forage plants has not been much increased by subsequent experi- ence in Illinois. Timothy, red-top, blue-grass, and orchard-grass, and the clovers will about exhaust the list of those in common use to-day. The area of land in tame grasses and the production has, however, been im- mensely extended. ROOT CROPS. In 1679, Father Allouez says of the Kaskaskia In- dians : " They eat fourteen kinds of fruits, which they find on the prairies. They made me eat them ; I found them very good and sweet." Reynolds says that, " in early times the French cultivated only a scanty supply of potatoes. Carrots were grown in their gardens," he adds, " and turnips sometimes sown in the corn, but sweet potatoes were not seen in the country." In pioneer times, Irish potatoes were raised in abundance, and hardly ever failed of a sure crop. In 18 0, Woods speaks of Swedish and common turnips, potatoes, onions, and shallots, as grown in the Wa- bash country. He had not seen a sweet potato. Peck, however, men- tions this last as yielding abundantly, especially on the river bottoms and rich sandy prairies. He barely mentions potatoes and turnips. The potato crop appears in the census reports of 1840, and from that time on. It has greatly increased, and is now one of the staple productions of the State. The legumes are thus far of not much more importance than the root crops, though aboriginal in their use. Marquette found the Indians cultivating, at the mouth of the Des Moines, the bean, in 1673, and as it was also found among the aborigines in Massachusetts and Florida, his story is not improbable. Peas and beans were grown by the French set- tlers in their gardens. In Woods' time 1820 small beans, of the kidney kind, were cultivated by the Americans. " They are generally planted to climb on the corn," he says, " and are of many sorts and dif- ferent colors. There are some dwarf ones, called bunch beans, and they all appear to do better than in England. Here are a few Indian peas, in growth, leaf, and blossom much like the kidney bean. The pods are very long, and contain from nine to sixteen peas in each ; but they resemble but little either peas or beans." In our later culture the white bush bean is mostly grown. The southern countries seem to be best adapted to its culture, and here it is chiefly raised. Textile plants were intro- duced at a very early day, and were cultivated in a much greater propor- tion to population than at present. Pittman mentions hemp, cotton, and flax as cultivated at " Kaoquias," Cahokia as early as 1770, and Rey- nolds asserts that cotton was introduced as early as 1750. Flax and cotton, he says, were cultivated in early times considerably. Flax was pulled at the time wheat was harvested, and the work was made a frolic of, as was much of the work of pioneer days. Woods says, " Flax was cultivated by most of the Americans near us for home use. It is sown in April, and after the flax is pulled the land is often plowed and sowed with turnips, about the end of July. Cotton is planted in rows nearly tur feet apart, about the end of April or the beginning of May. Hemp 236 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. is cultivated in this country, but I have not seen any in this neighbor- hood, with the exception of a few rods of my own." Peck says, of these crops : " Hemp is an indigenous plant in the southern part of the State, as it is in Missouri. It has not been exten- sively cultivated, but, wherever tried, is found very productive and of excellent quality. Cotton, for many years, has been successfully culti- vated in this State, for domestic use, and some for exportation. Flax is produced, and of a tolerable qualtity, though not equal to that of the Northern States. It is said to be productive and good in the northern counties." Among the earliest residents of this county, cotton and hemp were extensively grown, and furnished clothing for all. The weaving and spinning were done by the women, who also made all the clothing worn. Linsey-woolsey, as it was called, was a common article of clothing, and, being strong, afforded good clothing. The spinning- wheel was then as much or more of an adjunct of the cabin than the sew- ing machine of to-day is of the mansion, and every maiden then was proud of the roll for spinning or woven articles she had ready for her future home. It was more to her than the piano accomplishment of to- day, and one without these articles would be classed improvident. These were new homes then, and, in the simple home life of these people, there was very much that their successors might well imitate. Yet hu- man nature is ever the same, in all ages, among all people, and in all lands, and the young people of to-day, did occasion ^require, would ex- hibit the same qualities as those of their predecessors. The cucurbitaceous plants, according to early travelers, were culti- vated by the Indians, when first encountered by white men. Marquette speaks of " melons, which are excellent, especially those with a red seed." "Their squashes," he says, " are not of the best; they dry them in the sun, to eat in the spring and winter." Reynolds says, the French planted sometimes, strange looking pumpkins among their corn. Woods says, " pompoins, or pumkins, are another highly prized production of this country. They often grow to an immense size, and weigh from forty to sixty pounds. I have heard of a single vine that in 1818, grew a load of pumkins. It grew on the Big Prairie, about thirty miles south of us, on some rotten chaff, where wheat had been trodden out the year before. They make good sauce, and excellent pies, and are much eaten here. They are sliced and dried for winter use. Squashes are a sort of a gourd, frequently boiled for sauce. There are a variety of gourds, but of little use, except one sort, which has a hard rind, or shell, which serves for many uses, as bottles, pans, ladles, and funnels. Cucum- bers grow well and are more wholesome than in England and more pro- ductive. " Pomegranates grow on a vine much like a cucumber, the size of an orange, or rather larger ; a beautiful fruit, of a yellow or orange color, of a most fragrant smell. They are said to be most delicious when pre- served. There are many sorts of sweet melons, and much difference in size in the various kinds. Watermelons are also in great plenty, of vast size. They are more like pumkins than melons, in outward appear- ance. They are round, or oblong, generally green, or a green and whitish color on the outside, and white or pale on the inside, with many HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 237 black seeds in them, very juicy, in flavor like rich water, not sweet and mawkish, but cool and pleasant." What reader does not readily recognize the rich watermelon, of to- day, in the foregoing description, and whose mouth does not thirst for one while reading it? Other agricultural products have had an early culture. Du Pratz, in 1758, said tobacco throve in the Illinois country, but came to maturity with difficulty. Pittman mentions hops and tobacco as coming to great perfection. Reynolds speaks of lettuce, in the French gardens. Woods mentions broom-corn, as "planted in rows, on the side of cornfields," hops, as growing in the woods, and parsley and radishes as thriving. Some of these products have since become sufficiently important, to take their place in the census reports, and sorghum, and the tomato have made their history in a comparatively late period. Hops, in 1870, were pro- duced in sixty-six counties ; tobacco in seventy-four ; maple sugar in sixty, and sorghum in every county, save one. FRUITS. " They gather on trees or plants," says Father Allouez, speaking of the Indians, in 1676, " fruits of forty-two different kinds, which are excellent." Father Membre, four years later, mentions grapes, from which they made wine for the " Celebration of the Divine Myste- ries,' whose clusters were of a prodigious size, and of very agreeable taste. Pittman, in 1770, says : " European fruits come to great perfection. The inhabitants make wine, which is very inebriating, and is in * color and taste very like the red wine of Provence." Reynolds says : " This wine was made by the first settlers, but disappeared with the Europeans. The Creoles made little or none." At this early day, both the French . and Americans possessed large apple orchards. Morris Birbeck, in his letters from Illinois, in 1818, says : " The cultivation of the apple exceeds anything I have ever seen. Pears also succeed well. The peach bears fruit the third year from the stone, but the trees are short lived, and liable to blight. We have gooseberries and currants in per- fection." Woods, his fellow settler, notices the native fruits as follows: " Persimmon is a fruit many people are fond of. It is something like a medlar. Pawpaws grow in clusters of three or four, on a shrub twenty feet high. Strawberries, nearly the same as scarlets, excellent, and in some places of great abundance. Raspberries are small and dry. Cherries grow in bunches, the same as currants, very small and bitter. May apples, a yearly plant, of only two leaves, the stalk one foot high, the fruit the size of a small apple, of a straw color, with small seeds, a very pleasant taste, grow wild. Plums are mostly small, and sour, but there are some whose flavor resembles that of a gooseberry. Blackberries, as I have before remarked, are excellent. The elderberries are fine, but generally eaten by the birds, as soon as colored. Pecan is a sort of a walnut, said to be the finest nut in the country. White walnut, or but- ternut, and black walnut, are not so good as the English walnut. Hazel- nuts are in vast quantities, the shells hard, but the kernel good. I have some earthnuts peanuts growing in my garden, the green of them, something like clover, or rather lucern. They blow with a small yellow blossom. I planted them in rows and earthed them up like potatoes. They have two kernels, enclosed in a husk about one inch long and as large round." Peck, writing in 1831, after describing the wild fruits, B 288 HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. proceeds as follows : " Of the domestic fruits, the apple and the peach are chiefly cultivated. Pears are tolerably plenty in the French settle- ments, and quinces are grown with some success, by some of the Amer- icans. Apples are easily cultivated and very productive. Many varieties are of fine flavor, and grow to a large size." The early history of orchards and nurseries collected by the State Horticultural Society shows, of course, that the first orchards and nurse- ries were planted in the southern part of the State, where the earliest permanent settlements were begun. M. Giraridin is credited with or- chard planting in 1770,of which some pear trees are yet living, near Caho- kia. Samuel Judy planted an orchard of apple trees in Madison County, about 1802 or 1803. In 1816 and in 1818, nurseries and orchards were planted by some persons, notably by John Smith, of Greenville, Bond County ; Joseph Curtis, of Edgar County, and William B. Archer, of Clark County. Among the varieties of apples introduced by these men, were many of the sorts still most approved by the orchardists of the present day. Between 1830 and 1840, Northern and Central Illinois received their first floods of emigrants, and with them came a greater energy and intelligence, that insured a speedy planting of fruit trees. Though the soil and climate were less congenial than in the southern part of the State, yet men like Arthur Bryant, Lewis Ellsworth, John A. Kennicott Samuel Edwards, George Haskell, Edson Harkness, the Overmans, and others, pushed on through great difficulties to ultimate success. Still later the great nurseries of Phoenix, Douglass and others began to fill the land with vegetable life. The Illinois Central Railroad carried fruit by the wholesale along its main lines, and peaches and strawberries be- gan to go northward by the train load. Single stations shipped thou- sands of bushels of strawberries in one season. At the present date, fully one per cent, of the State is now devoted to orchards. DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Illinois has always occupied a prominent place in the matter of animal industry. The early explorers marveled at the immense herds of bison found roaming over the vast prairies. George Rogers Clark, whose noted conquest of the country is narrated in the history of the Northwest in this volume, prophesied it would " one day excel in cattle." Horses stand first in the aggregate value of live stock in the State. Cattle and hogs almost equal them, and will probably excel in a few years. Horses are noticed by Reynolds in 1800. He says large herds were kept by the inhabitants, and informs us they were of the "Arabi- an strain. The Spaniards," he adds, " introduced them into their Amer- ican possessions, and from this race originated the French horses. This blood of horses was brought into Spain from Arabia, by the Moors. Colonel William Whiteside," he continues, "in the year 1797, intro- duced into the country a fine blooded horse of the Janus stock." This was probably one of the first stocks of horses ever introduced into the State. In 1820, Woods says : "Most of the horses were of Spanish ori- gin. They are light and clean, but not very handsome." Ford says : "A French pony is a marvel for strength and endurance. They are made to draw, sometimes alone, sometimes two together, one before the other, to the plow, or to the carts made entirely of wood, the bodies of which held about twice as much as the common wheelbarrow. Nothing HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 239 like reins were used in driving ; the whip of the driver, with a handle about two feet, and a lash about two yards long, stopped or guided the horse as effectually as the strongest reins." Peck, as late as 1831, saysr " Wild horses are found ranging the prairies and forests in some parts of the State. They are small of size, of the Canadian or Indian breed, and very hardy." They were worth from fifteen to thirty dollars, and were found chiefly in the south part of the State, having descended from the horses introduced by the Spaniards. A good farm horse was worth from fifty to sixty dollars, and a good saddle or carriage horse from seventy to eighty dollars. Mules were brought here from Mexico, but no mention is made of their domestication. The southern horses were much improved by the introduction of better stock from Kentucky or Tennessee, where good horses were found at an early day, About 1850, the Morgan horse was introduced, and for a time was all the rage. Afterward the Norman horses were brought here, and for several years have absorbed more at- tention than any other animal. The Clysdale horse was introduced in 1857, by the Stock Importing Association, and has since been propagated in several parts of the State. Owing to the disappearance of the working ox, and the unsuitableness of the climate for the mule, horses have be- come almost the sole beast of burden and draught throughout the north- ern part of the State. In the southern and more wooded portion their places are partly occupied by other animals. Neat cattle, even more than horses, have been a favorite product in this State. The " Wild cattle," as the Jesuits called the bison, suggested herds of tamer animals. " Cattle and sheep," says Charlevoix, in I721 r " would multiply wonderfully here. Even the wild buffaloes might be tamed, and great advantages drawn from a trade in their wool and hides, and from their supplying the inhabitants with food." At that early date the French had cattle and poultry at Kaskaskia. Pittman, in 1770, says,. "At St. Phillippe, the captain of the militia has about twenty slaves and a good stock of cattle and planks. At Cahokia they have a great deal of poultry and good stocks of horned cattle." In 1800, Reynolds states that cattle were abundant, and that plowing was generally done by oxen "tied to the plow by a straight yoke, which was tied to the horns of the oxen by straps of untanned leather." He states that the horned cattle came from Canada, " were a hardy race, not large, but of neat formation, with generally black horns. They stood the winter better without grain/ than the American cattle, gave less milk in summer, and kicked all the time. The French scarcely troubled themselves with milking the cows, but turned the calves out with the other cattle, and made little or no butter." Of the cattle of the American settlers, he adds: "The cattle grewjarge, and the oxen were mostly excellent." In 1820, Woods says : " Oxen and cows are now more plentiful, but have hitherto been fetched from Indiana and Kentucky." Peck, in 1831, says: "Our neat cattle are mostly inferior in size to those of the older States. This is owing entirely to bad management. Our beef is the finest in the world," he proceeds. " It bears the best inspection of any in the New Orleans mar- ket. By the first of June, and often by the middle of May, our young cattle are fit for market." By 1830 a great improvement in the raising of cattle was exhibited. 1834 James N. Brown arrived in Sangamon County with the progeni- 240 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. tors of his afterward famed herd of " Island Grove." The Prairie Farmer, in 1843, notices the Devons of James McConuell, near Spring- field. A letter of Governor Lincoln, of Massachusetts, to Governor Rey- nolds, of Illinois, published in the Union Agriculturalist, for 1841, shows that the former sent some crosses of Ayreshire and Short Horn cattle to a son in Alton that year, which was perhaps the first introduction of Ayreshire blood, even in a diluted state. By the time of the holding of the first State Fair, in Springfield, in 1851, the Short Horn appeared in very respectable numbers, and the Devons, though not much shown, were said by the Prairie Farmer to be already found in the north part of the State. In 1857, the formation of the Illinois Stock Importing Association, greatly increased the number of fine cattle in the State. Two years later, Colonel S. A. Buckmaster, of Alton, purchased several head of Jersey cattle from a Maryland drover, and since that date this breed is raised in Illinois. The number of thoroughbred cattle is now very large, compos- ing principally, Short Horns, Jerseys, Devons, Herefords, and Ayreshires. The first mentioned variety is largely in the majority. A considerable portion of the common cattle, in many parts of the State, have an infusion of the blood of the various thoroughbreds. In the earliest days of Illinois, dairy products received little or no attention. In 1816, butter is quoted by the chroniclers of the time as worth twelve and a half cents per pound. During the winter, it doubled that price, however. Cheese was worth sixteen cents per pound. Peck, in 1831, writes: "Cows in general do not produce the same amount of milk, nor of so rich a quality, as in the New England States. Some- thing is to be attributed to the warmth of our climate, and to the nature of our pastures, but more to causes already assigned. If ever a land was justly characterized as ' flowing with milk and honey,' it is Illinois and the adjacent States." Cheese is made by many families bordering on the Illinois River. Good butter sold for from eight to ten cents in the St. Louis markets, and cheese at the last-mentioned price. This must indicate that at that date large amounts of both products were made, else the price would have been greater. Sheep were not much raised in the primitive days, when wolves and panthers roamed wild over the hills and prairies. The earliest French residents raised no sheep or goats. In 1797, a body of emigrants, from Hardin County, Virginia, settled near the New Design Settlement, in what is now Monroe County, and "cultivated fall wheat for market, and raised sheep and made linseys for clothing." In 1817, George Flower brought to Edwards County " six of the finest wool-growing ani- mals ever imported into this country. This," he says, in 1842, " is the origin of my flock." According to Mr. Faux, an English farmer, who visited the settlements in 1819, Mr. Flower had a large herd of sheep, which roamed over the prairies in the day time, under care of a shepherd, and were housed at night. Fifty had just been destroyed by wolves, despite the precautions taken. The writers of early times mention the inferiority of the sheep, as compared to those they had seen in England, and say the Americans cared but little for their culture. Woods says : " The Americans keep sheep for the sake of their wool, which is manu- factured into various articles of clothing, and at most of their cabins you may see carding, spinning, and weaving going forward ; for, to give the HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 241 American women their due, many of them are truly industrious, as they manufacture most parts of their dress, and, as they grow the cotton, flax,, and wool, it comes reasonable. These Americans hold mutton in the utmost contempt, and I have heard them say, people who eat it belong to the family of wolves. Wool sells on a small scale, for half a dollar a pound, without much regard to its fineness." Peck says : " Sheep do well in the country where the grass has become short, and where they are protected from the wolves. Common wool is worth thirty-seven and a half cents, in the fleece. Little is said or done to improve the breed of sheep by introducing the Merino or Saxony breed." The raising of sheep, since 1841, has been pursued with very fluctuating results. The number doubled, however, between 1860 and 1870, although the increase in the United States was less than thirty per cent. Improved breeds began to come in pretty freely as early as 1840, the Merino attracting the most attention. The higher prices paid for long coarse wools during and since the war, and the consumption of mutton, increased the demand for the Cotswold and Leicester, and these latter breeds are now more approved by many of the smaller sheep-growers. Swine were first introduced by the French. " However," says Governor Reynolds, "they lived on a vegetable diet more than the Amer- icans, and used less pork. Bacon was uncommon among them." In 1818, he speaks of hogs and cattle growing in the river bottoms, without much expense. Woods, in 1820, describes the swine of the West more fully, he says : " Pigs are numerous, being easily raised ; they are of various sorts, but many of them are of a sandy color, and some with wat- tles, that is, a piece of flesh about two inches long, and half an inch thick, growing out on their cheeks. They are of middling size, but from very hard keep, do not rise to much in weight. It is not uncommon for one person to have from sixty to one hundred in the woods, and left to shift for themselves, except giving them, now and then, a little salt. During the summer when grass and herbs are dry, and before the frosts begin to fall, it is almost impossible to describe how exceedingly poor they are. Most of them run till they are two and sometimes three years old, before they are killed, and in general, have but little fattening. Some years when there is a large quantity of acorns, hickory-nuts, etc., they are said to make good pork. A hog of two hundred pounds weight, is counted a ' chunk of a fellow,' and few exceeded that weight." "This species of stock," says Peck, in 1831, "may be called a staple in the provision of Illinois. Thousands of hogs exist without any expense, save in hunting and keeping them tame." " Few families," he continues, " in the West and South, put up their pork in salt pickle. Their method is to prepare it sufficiently for smoking, and then make bacon of hams, shoulders, and middlings, or broadsides. The price of bacon, the last season and the present, is six and seven cents. Good hams command eight cents in the St. Louis market. Stock hogs, weighing from sixty to seventy pounds each, alive, usually sell from one dollar to one dollar and fifty cents per head." To the period last mentioned, no improved breeds appear to have been found in the country. About 1841, the Berkshires, Irish Grazier, and other breeds, were found in the central and northern parts of the State. The Stock Importing Association brought new specimens of Berk- 242 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. shire and Irish Cumberland, and Yorkshire swine, in 1857. The Magie, or Poland China, soon took a prominent position, and was widely dissem- inated. In numbers of swine, Illinois stood in advance of every other State, in 1870, Missouri coming next. The report of the Board of Trade, of Chicago, in 1874-75, for pork-packing in the Mississippi Valley, shows 2,113,845 in Illinois, to 870,971 in Ohio, and less in other States. Cincinnati is no longer porkopolis. The minor domestic animals were not neglected by the French set- tlers. Charlevoix found, in 1821, poultry grown by the French and Indians, at Kaskaskia. "They have a great deal of poultry," says Pitt- man, of the Cahokias, a half century later. " The common fowls," says R,e} T nolds, " were abundantly raised, among the early French, and eggs gave the people much healthy and agreeable support." " The poultry," says Woods, " of the Wabash country, are fowls, geese, and ducks. Fowls are in great abundance, and sell for twelve and a half cents a piece. A dozen of eggs is generally the price of one chicken. Geese and ducks are kept by the Americans for the sake of their feathers, and not for sale, or to eat." "Poultry is raised in great profusion," says Peck, "and large numbers of fowls taken to the St. Louis markets. It is no uncom- mon thing for the farmer's wife to raise from three to four hundred fowls, besides geese, ducks, and turkeys, in one season." "Bees," he adds elsewhere, "are profitable stock for the farmer, and are kept 1o a considerable extent. The cost is usually from one to two dollars a hive, in the spring. Silk-worms are raised by a few persons." Wild prairie chickens, ducks, geese, and turkeys, flourished in great abundance in the pioneer days of the country. Between the years 1850 and 1860, they were found in great numbers, and were considered good eating. They were usually caught by trapping or shooting. Bee trees were a very- common sight in the early settlements. The Indians possessed a remark- able faculty for finding them, and hunting them formed one of their chief sports. This was the case also with the pioneer. What better sport did he desire than to go "bee-hunting" at night? Great progress has been made in the culture of the minor domestic animals, and only improved species are now found. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. In this narrative it will be highly appropriate to notice the tools that have been used in the PAST and PRESENT of agriculture. The French used the same implements they had been accustomed to, in their native country, and only learned improve- ment with the advent of the Americans. They had the old wooden plow, wooden wheeled cart, and straight yoke for their oxen ; the old sickle, and bound the sheaves of wheat with grass cut for the purpose. Their women performed much of this out-door labor, as well as all other kinds, on the farm. As to the early American settlers, Governor Reynolds gives the fol- lowing statements : " The old bar-share plow was used by the Americans, and sometimes the shovel plow in the growing corn. The common hoe was the same then as now. It was often very difficult to procure the ring and staples for ox yokes. The wood of the yoke was manufactured at home in great abundance. The harness for the horses was more difficult to procure. As smith's shops were almost unknown in the country, horses were seldom shod, and it appeared the animal in those days could HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 243 lo better without shoes than at this time. Frequently poor farmers were compelled to use rawhide straps for traces, and some made hickory poles md hickory withes serve for traces in the plow. Truck wagons, the wheels being made of large sycamore logs sawn off, were frequently used, md were about equal to, but not so sightly as, the French carts, without grease. The truck wagons were made entirely without iron, and often ilmost entirely without tools. In these aboriginal times, husk collars rere mostly used. Sleds were sometimes used, but they were a poor 3xcuse. The Americans generally stacked their wheat and hay. Mowing the prairie grass, as well as reaping the wheat, was hot, hard labor. It ras a great trouble to thresh and clean the wheat. About the hardest rork I ever performed was winnowing the wheat with a sheet." These reminiscences of the old governor will apply, in many respects, a period within the memory of many now living. Forty or fifty years igo the mouldboards of the plows were made of wood, which, in a few 3ases, was covered with hoop iron. These plows were about the only implements used in working the soil, harrows with wooden teeth, and rollers, being poorly made and but little used. Corn planters had no 4 " yet superseded the barefooted boys and girls, and wheat drills were entirely unknown. The grain cradle, a great improvement on the sickle, though it was introduced in Madison County as early as 1819, was but just com- ig into vogue. Grass was still cut with the scythe, and raked with hand rakes. Wheat and other grain was tramped out with horses, who traveled a circle over a carefully adjusted ring of cut bundles, laid with heads lapping over the butts and toward the coming hoofs. This mode of threshing is yet practiced where barns with large threshing floors are made. All this has changed. The bar-share and the shovel plow have ")een succeeded by the Carey, the Diamond, the Peoria, the Moline, the Deere, and a wonderful number of other earth turners. The gang and the sulky plows have increased the capacity of human labor, and lecreased its severity. The efforts of the State Agricultural Society have tested the efficiency of two or more attempts of steam plowing by traction, and although success is not yet attained, it seems attainable, and the next century will doubtless find steam plowing fairly established in the State. Machines drill the wheat, cut and bind the grain, and thresh and winnow it. Machines cut, rake, load, and stack the hay. It is an >pen question whether, in some cases, this labor is performed more )heaply, but it is certain it is done with far less expenditure of human strength. DIVISIONS OF LAND FENCES. A very important and often hereto- fore very expensive consideration in Illinois farming, has been numerous fences to exclude predatory stock turned loose by one's neighbors. The first fencing for field purposes in Illinois, so far as we know, was done with rails, though the French are said to have used split palings about their houses. Reynolds mentions seeing the American pioneers carrying rails from the tree to the fence, for the want of a wagon to haul them. The scarcity of timber on the prairies, however, soon suggested the hedges on the one hand, and somewhat later, the idea of confining stock. As late as 1831, Peck speaks of rails as almost the only article used in fencing. Their cost was one dollar per hundred. He mentioned as an exceptional case a farm near him about to be enclosed with "planks," at 244 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. a cost of seventy-five cents a rod. He mentions " feeble attempts as being made to substitute a live hedge of crab-apple, and of honey-locust, without success." Mr. Flagg, of Moro, Illinois, in preparing the Agri- cultural History of the State in 1876, says : " Some ten years later than this " 1841 " I remember a Scotchman making a hedge and ditch after the old country fashion, using the crab-apple instead of the thorn. This hedge was cut down a short time ago, after having stood over thirty years. It never was a good fence," he continues, " but I am strongly inclined to think that with a little more encouragement it would have made a capital fence." The Union Agriculturalist, in 1841, contains fre- quent correspondence on the hedge question, and honey-locust, buck- thorn, white-thorn, and even osage orange, are suggested. As early as 1854, the editor of the Prairie Farmer, passing through Morgan and adjoining counties, speaks of the hedge question as already settled there, and that osage fences are a common wayside fence wherever he went. This was largely due to the efforts of Prof. J. B. Turner, who led the van in many a material and moral victory. Meanwhile the construction of rail- roads cheapened the construction of the pine fencing of Wisconsin and Michigan so much so as to discourage experiments in hedge culture. Since the war, the high prices of lumber, and the increased cost of rail fences, even in timbered regions, have given hedge planting a great impulse wherever the osage orange is sufficiently hardy, and given a stimulus to experimentation where it is not, to honey-locust, barberry, buck-thorn, etc. On the other hand, under township organization system, the townships have the power to prevent animals from running at large, and in State legislation the influence of the State Agricultural Board has made itself felt in restoring the common law practically, that makes the owner responsible for all damage by the animal running at large. The farms are all well fenced, and from the old system of Commons, estab- lished by the French, measured by the " arpent," down through the " claim " period, the wisdom of enclosed lands has made itself manifest. It is confidently claimed that Illinois has now more miles of serviceable hedge fence than any other State in the Union. Of the counties where farms are securely enclosed, Morgan stands equal to any. EARLY ARCHITECTURE. The old writers drew very pleasing pictures of the rural life of the first settlers in Illinois. We shall omit this period in our history, how- ever, and confine our narrative to a time since the occupation of the country by the Americans. The cabins of the pioneers were of various sizes, and generally made of round logs. Some of the more favored ones, however, had hewed log cabins, and were regarded by their neigh- bors as more fortunate than themselves. These round, log cabins were made by taking two logs, generally about one foot in diameter, and, we will suppose, thirty and twenty feet long. This length of logs would build a tolerably sized cabin. The logs were notched in near the ends, the shorter laid upon the longer, forming the first round, and leaving a small space between the first tier and the second, which was laid in the same manner on these. In this way round after round was laid, until the sides of the cabin were ten or twelve rounds high, as the owner might desire. The last two end logs laid were made long enough to HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 245 project over the corner three or four feet, thereby forming eaves to carry the water, during a rain, that distance from the cabin. This projection also afforded a diminutive porch, and in the summer kept the hot rays of the sun from the side of the house. After these logs were laid on, completing the walls of the cabin, two logs, cut slanting at the ends, and just long enough to fit between the notches, were laid on at each end of the cabin ; two more, cut in the same manner, and shorter than the first, were laid on these, and so on until an apex was reached. On the last one, generally about one foot in length, a long log, smaller than those laid in the sides of the building, was placed from one to the other, and also projecting over each some three or four feet. To secure these short, slant pieces forming the apex of the cabin, a cleft of a small tree was placed on the outside and securely pegged on, and also fastened to the last mentioned log or pole. One or two poles of the same length as that forming the " comb of the roof," as it was called, were generally laid between the eaves and the comb, supplying the place of rafters. On these, clapboards, split boards about four feet in length, were laid nearly double, so as to cover the joints ; the boards at the top of the cabin projecting a little over those on the other side. When the roof is thus covered, some poles are laid along the building to keep the shingles on. These poles were kept at about three feet distance from each other by pieces of wood laid on the roof between them. These poles were called weight poles, and sometimes stones were used in their stead. When all this was complete, the cabin was "raised," and where several neighbors joined in a day's work for some new comer, or some newly married persons, such a cabin would be constructed in one day. It was simply now a pen without any openings, save the cracks .between the logs. A door was made by sawing out a section in the logs to the lower one, which was generally sawn about half through and cut out to form a door- step. The top of the door, was made in the same manner, and secured closeness. A stout piece of wood was pegged on each side, forming a jam, as it was termed, wooden hinges were made, and a door, made of split puncheon, hung thereon. A wooden latch with a leathern string hung outside fastened it. This old fashioned latch-string was always out, and owing to the known hospitality of the pioneer, has given rise to a very suggestive aphorism. A door was often made on each side of the cabin. Windows, after glass came in use, were made in the same manner, though smaller, and instead of being capable of raising and lowering, as in modern times, were hung on hinges, made to slide, or taken entirely out in warm weather. The floors were made of split pnnpheon, in most cases joined neatly and closely together, and laid on the ground, or on cross pieces. The chimney was generally placed at the end of the building, and made as follows : first, four or five logs were cut out, as for a door or window place, of whatever width the occupant chose. It was generally four or five feet in width, and often wider. Then some logs were cleft and placed so that the ends came just inside the cabin wall, and projecting outward, formed a square pen. These were placed one on the other until they rose as high as the opening in the wall. The chimney was carried up, as was the cabin, until it reached the top, when it was drawn in and constructed of sticks. It was drawn in gradually from the bottom upwards, until the top was generally about one foot square. 246 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. It was then thoroughly chunked and " daubed ;" often stones were placed at the bottom and some distance up the sides, so as to effectually prevent the action of fire. Next the cabin itself was chunked and daubed that is, the cracks between the logs were filled with split pieces of wood, held in with pegs, and securely closed by daubing with mud. It was also plastered with loam or clay, and sometimes the inside was covered with well made split boards, pegged on. It was often whitewashed where lime could be obtained. A ceiling was made by taking stout poles and laying them on the upper tier of logs, their ends projecting through under the eaves, and being placed from two to four feet apart. On these split boards were laid, forming a floor. Sometimes the chimneys were walled several feet in height, and were always so carefully constructed that fires seldom occurred. This completed the cabin. It was now ready for occupancy, and in it, many who now live in opulence, the fruit of years of labor, stoutly affirm they passed their happiest days. One room served all purposes, and when friends or travelers came, a bed was made on the floor, and every convenience offered in their power. Two cabins were often built near together, between them a space of ten or twelve feet was left, covered with a roof, and under this cover the pioneer stored many articles. One side of it was generally walled up, leaving the front open. A covered porch was also often seen in front of the cabins. Here the farmer could rest at noontide, and a common sight was the busy house- wife spinning under this porch on a warm summer's day. These cabins are yet used in many parts of the State, especially in the southern and wooded portion. Some have more modern conveniences, and are equal to many frame dwellings now built. But in the early days of the country, none other could be made. There were no mills for saw- ing lumber; the pioneer was almost always poor, and was compelled to endure many privations. Yet these dwellings were comfortable, and healthy, such diseases as consumption and bronchial affections being entirely unknown. Buildings for stock and for the protection of farming machinery were the result of after days. Says an old writer : " When pigs are shut up for fattening, it is common to make a fence for them of rails, in the same manner as for fields ; sometimes one corner is covered over to make a lodging for them, but it is more common for them to be left to the mercy of the winds and weather ; but as they are hardy animals, and accus- tomed to hard living and lodging, it does not appear to hurt them. There are but few cattle yards and sheds. The cattle are mostly left abroad in the winter, with no other shelter but what the leafless trees afford." There were few granaries, except corn-cribs, and a few poultry houses, built generally the same as cabins, as were the stables also. The stables were often carried higher, to provide for a hay -loft ; some had a rack made out of a hollow log, which answered for a manger. These out- houses were built in the forest as well as were all the cabins and were sheltered from the blasts of winter thereby. As the country improved, the buildings were made better, and after the advent of the railroads good substantial buildings were erected, which now appear on every hand. It is doubtful if many counties in the State excel Morgan in the fine dwelling and barns scattered over her prairies. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 247 AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS. It will be well in this connection to give a brief resume of the agricultural organizations in the State, including the agricultural societies of Morgan County. The isolated condition of the farmer causes him to act slowly in avail- ing himself of the generally conceded advantages of association and co- operation ; but at a very early day beginnings were made by the early pioneers. Woods, in 1820, says : " An agricultural society was established last year, and Mr. Birbeck made president. It held its first meeting at Kaskaskia, but whether there was any other meeting I do not know." Faux, in November, 1819, says of Moses Birbeck : " He has just returned from a tour through Illinois, by way of Kaskaskia, where he was chosen president of the Agricultural Society of Illinois, one grand object of which will be to, rid the State of stagnant waters." This fixes the date of organization nearly, but does not mention any other officers. The Edwardsville Spectator, of May 16, 1820, contains a letter to Henry S. Dodge, secretary of the Agricultural Society of the State of Illinois, from Curtis Blakeman, of Madison County, who gives an account of a crop of corn, of between nine and ten acres, yielding 120 bushels of shelled corn to the acre. Mr. Dodge was probably the first secretary of the associa- tion. This society remained intact several years, and numbered among its members men of worth and standing. " Becoming tired of keeping up their organization, the members," says one of their number, George Churchill, " turned over their surplus fund to the Sunday School agent, Rev. J. M. Peck, and disbanded." This society, though small, did much good in the State. The Agricultural Society of Madison County, organized Feb. 0, 1822, at Edwardsville, was probably suggested by the State society just mentioned. It existed but a short time, holding its last meeting November 3, 1824. There are no records of existing societies until 1839, when the Union Agricultural Society was chartered. It com- prised the greater portion of Lake, McHenry, Kane, Cook, DuPage, Will, and LaSalle Counties. It started the Union Agriculturalist and Western Farmer, about the close of 1840, or Beginning of 1841. It gave quite an impulse to agriculture in those counties, and doubtless to more than it ever accomplished. It held four annual cattle shows, the last occurring in 1844. It seems to have discussed, to some extent, agl ricultural education. Judge John Dean Caton, of Ottawa, was its firs- president, William B. Ogden, its treasurer, and John S. Wright, secret tary. Louis Ellsworth, well known in agricultural and horticultura- circles, was vice-president at the first organization, and subsequently president. M. L. Dunlap, better known as " Rural," of the Chicago Tribune, was one of its secretaries. Judge Caton thinks there were nine persons who formed the organization, but few of whom now survive. Nearly at the same time with the organization of the Union Agricul- tural Society, a new effort was made and a second Illinois State Agri- cultural Society, organized at Springfield, about the beginning of 1841. The January number of the Union Agriculturalist,^ that year, contains an account of a meeting in the Senate chamber on the 12th of that month. It seems to have been an adjourned meeting. James M. Bradford, of Sangamon, presided and John S. Wright was secretary. Mr. Brown, of 248 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Sangamon, reported a constitution, which was discussed and adopted. On the 15th, another meeting was held, at which Mr. Brown, from a committee, reported a list of officers who were elected. They were : Wm. Wilson, of White County, president ; two vice-presidents from each of the nine judicial circuits of the State; Isaac S. Britton, of Sangamon, re- cording secretary ; John S. Wright, of Cook, corresponding secretary ; and John Williams, of Sangamon, treasurer. But little appears to have been accomplished by this organization. The Prairie Farmer, of 1848, contains a report from its corresponding secretary, Mr. Wright, mainly made up of recommendations. He states that county societies had been organized in the counties of LaSalle, Winnebago, JoDaviess, Putnam, Hancock, Knox, Peoria, McDonough, Schuyler, Adams, Morgan, Scott, Sangamon, Greene, Madison, Coles, Edgar, Jackson, and Jefferson. The Union Agriculturalist states that fairs were held in 1841, in LaSalle, San- gamon, Morgan, and Winnebago, under the name of the Agricultural Society of Illinois. All these societies, State and local, seem to have de- clined and expired within a few years. The Buel Institute, of Putnam County, an organization which has " never let go," was organized in 1846, and is now the oldest agricultural society in the State. At the time it was formed, a society was created in Macoupin County. Kane County held a fair the same year, and that of Peoria County was postponed. No other evidences appear of any oth- er societies, on the pages of the agricultural periodicals at that time. The Prairie Farmer of 1847, notices no agricultural gatherings of any kind in any part of the State. In 1848, it notes a coming fair of the Buel Insti- tute, and an organization of a society in Rock Island. In an editorial on " Our Agricultural Societies," written that year, in the pages of the Prairie Farmer, the editor says : " It will be no news to announce that the greater number of these are either not in existence, or are in a state of entire slumber." But evidences of a better day were appearing. That same year, in October, a convention of nurserymen met in Peoria. A second meeting was held in November, 1847, at Farmington, Fulton County, and is referred to as the " Illinois Horticultural Society." The same year the Chicago Horticultural Society was organized, with J. H. Kerizie as president. It held at least five exhibitions. At Princeton, in December, 1850, the Northwestern Fruit Growers' Association began its work, which, in 1857, it handed over to the Illinois State Horticultural Society. In 1851, the first Alton Horticultural Society was formed, and has been continued, with one or two exceptions, annually until this day. The year 1851 was notable for the organi- zation of the Industrial League, under the lead of Prof. J. B. Turner, which did much to forward the discussion of agricultural education. Prof. Turner was born and raised on a farm. Accustomed to severe toil and industry, he educated himself, graduating with honor at Yale College. For a while he was a tutor at New Haven, where he won high encomiums from his associates. He came to Illinois in 1832, when this country was a comparative wilderness, the home of the savage. He well remembers, and narrates interesting reminiscences of noted Indians, and of trips to Chicago and elsewhere, when the compass was his only guide. He was one of the early professors in Illinois College, in which position he remained fifteen years, when failing health admonished him to seek a 249 more vigorous occupation. He then began to turn his attention to agriculture, and to engage vigorously in that pursuit. Here he led the advance in many reforms ; introduced the Osage orange fence ; was the first to advocate and use farm machinery ; was a constant contributor to various literary, scientific, and agricultural journals, and was one of the earliest and warmest advocates of the present common school system of the State. He has always been a forcible writer, and tenaciously energetic in any reform he advocated. He has been prominently connected with all State agricultural societies, and was among the earliest agitators and supporters of such organizations. In 1853, the Illinois State Agricultural Society was chartered and organized, and continued under that name until 1871, when it was re-organized, and continued under the name of the State Board of Agriculture. The first organization was effected in 1853, in Springfield, and for the next twenty-five years there has been no break in its continuity. A vice-president from each congressional district has been biennially elected. These were nine in number at the first election. They were afterward increased to fourteen, and in 1870, they were nineteen in number. Many subordinate and independent organizations have sprung up to forward the specialties comprehended in the scope of the State Agricul- tural Society, and Board of Agriculture. Of these, the oldest and most efficient has been the Illinois State Horticultural Society, organized at Decatur, in 1856. It succeeded the Northwestern Fruit Growers' Asso- ciation in 1857, organized, in 1850, and itself ante-dated by the meetings of 1846 and 1847. Since 1867, it has been aided by a State appropriation of $2,000 per annum, the most of which has been devoted to the publi- cation of its annual reports. In 1874, the Illinois State Horticultural Society was declared a public corporation, by act of the legislature, and required to report its receipts and expenditures. In 1868, the Northern Horticultural Society was organized, and has since held annual meetings of great interest, the most of which have been reported in the Transac- tions of the State Society, as well as those of Alton, Warsaw, Adams County, Galesburg, Jacksonville, and other local institutions of the same character. The Illinois Wool Growers' Association was formed in 1H64, and is still in existence. The Illinois Swine Breeders' Association, in 1869; the Illinois Poultry Association, probably in 1874 ; the Illinois State Dairy- man's Association, some years since, and the Fish Culturists have lately organized. These and kindred associations tend more and more to a division of labor, and discussion of the many branches of agriculture. A later and more novel form of agricultural association is seen in the order of the Patrons of Husbandry. Its object is " mutual instruction and protection." In pursuit of this object, it necessarily comes in con- tact with those who prefer that the farmer should devote himself solely to seeking the maximum of production, and leave distribution to the "laws of trade." Hence, this form of action and its allies have been subjected to some ridicule and abuse. Nevertheless, the organization has done a good work in arousing the agricultural classes to a sense of their own ignorance, of the impositions which have been placed upon them, of the utter necessity of doing their own thinking, and of having their share in the control of prices. At the close of the year 1875, at the 250 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. fourth session of the State Grange, this order had organized 1,586 granges in Illinois, 1,325 of which had paid dues that year. More or less asso- ciated with and much in sympathy with this movement, have been the various open, and occasionally partisan, organizations of farmers' clubs, and the State Farmers' Association, the latter of which was organized in 1872, and has devoted itself more to the agitation and discussion of those subjects that most concerned the political-economical relations of the agriculturist, such as trade, transportation, and taxation. A pursuit so intimately connected with the interests of a people, could not exist without its representative periodicals. The oldest agricultural paper in the state was the Western Plowboy, a double-column octavo, published semi-monthly, at Edwardsville, Madison County, by John York Sawyer, during the year 1831. The twenty-fifth number was published January 24, 1832, and gives notice of its discontinuance for want of proper support. From an extract in the twelfth number it is learned there were then "no less than seven" agricultural papers in the United States. The Union Agriculturalist and Western Farmer was probably the next paper started. It was the organ of the Union Agricultural Society in 1840-41, and was edited by the society's secretary, John S. Wright. It was the Prairie Farmer of later years, and is yet in existence, the oldest rural periodical in the Northwest. In 1856, the Illinois Farmer, edited by Simon Francis, was started in Springfield. It was afterwards edited by M. L. Dunlap " Rural " and was discontinued in 1865. Since the last named period, quite a number of such magazines and papers have been started, until now Illinois, in the scope and ability of her agricul- tural literature, surpasses any other State except New York, whose great metropolis gives that State a publishing center of more apparent than real advantage. Morgan County has always kept in the advance in agricultural pur- suits. The earliest settlers were men of ability, and kept apace in the interests attached to their calling. The MORGAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY has had a continuous existence since its inauguration in 1851, with the exception of 1862, when the society gave way to the demands of war, and gave the grounds to the One Hundred and First Regiment, Illinois Volunteers. The records from 1851 to 1854, are somewhat obscure. It appears that there were two societies in existence, one of which held a fair on Wednesday and Thursday, the 22d and 23d of October, 1851. Of this society the officers were Jos. Morton, President ; W. L. Sargent and S. T. Mathews, Vice Presidents, and Win. G. Johnson, Secretary. This fair was held on the poor-house grounds, then in the eastern part of Jacksonville. At this fair stock alone was exhibited, a rope being stretched around the enclosure where the stock was shown. At the close of each day, a hat was passed around and a collection raised to aid in defraying the necessary expenses. About the same time, or a few days after, an exhibition of textile fabrics and home manufactures was given in the public square, the fancy articles being attached to ropes stretched about on the grounds. It is probable these exhibitions were the first of HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 251 the kind in the county. No records of any prior to this date exist, nor do the recollections of any of the older citizens fix on any dates before this accurately. Some aver that fairs were held as early as 1838 or '40, others at various dates from 1840 to '51, but no one can state definitely during this period or give any accurate description of such exhibitions. There may have been a few small exhibits held and probably were, but no fair under an organized association before the one of which mention has been made. About the year 1852 or '53, the two organizations appear to have united, and on November llth, 1854, a charter was received by the "Morgan County Agricultural Association." The first officers of this association were Judge Stephen Dunlap, President; James Green and Col. Jos. Morton, Vice Presidents ; Cyrus Mathews, Treasurer, and Austin Rockwell, Secretary. Soon after, this society purchased of Col. George M. Chambers fifteen acres of land, situated in the southwestern part of the city of Jacksonville. Here annual exhibitions were held until the year 1858. On the 20th of February of that year these grounds were sold to Mr. Henry Saunderson, for five thousand dollars, and thirty acres of ground, a mile and a half west of the public square were purchased of Col. James Dunlap. This was a more desirable location, and is still used by the association. The fairs have always been a decided success in this county, the exhibitions being equal to any in the State. The association secured the location of the State Fair on their grounds for the year^l 860, which was largely attended from all sections of the State. From three to four thousand dollars are annually paid in premiums by the asso- ciation. The present officers are N. D. Graves, President ; F. M. Morton and J. H. Potts, Vice Presidents; B. F. Beesley, Treasurer, and James M. Dunlap, Secretary. Before closing this chapter it will be well to notice the agricultural resources of the county. For the year 1877, there were reported 13,760 acres of wheat; 97,680 acres of corn; 26,780 acres of meadow; 21,486 acres of other field products ; 124,000 acres in pasture ; 3,594 in orchard, and 66,052 in woodland. There were only 48 acres returned as swamp lands. The value of the various farm products is not given, nor the amounts in bushels. The yield has been very large and assures abundance for the residents of the county, in addition to large quantities shipped to other markets. Morgan County contains, according to the report of the County Assessor, made to the State Board of Equalization, from the returns made to him in the Spring of 1877, 353,352 acres of land. By this board the county was placed in the third class, and the lands valued at $22 per acre, or a total value of $7,773,744 ; by the County Assessor it was rated at $19.54 per acre, or a total value of $6,904,498.08. Of the num- ber of acres given, 287,300 are classed as improved lands, valued by the assessor at $22.36 per acre, or a total of $6,424,028. The remainder of the lands, 66,052 acres, are classed as unimproved lands, and are valued at $7.26 per acre, or a total of $479,537.52. Of this latter class, but little is waste land, the greater portion being pastured. There were returned by the assessor at the same time, 3,387 improved city and town lots, and 2,074 as unimproved. The former were valued at $700.87 each, or $2,373,853 in all. The latter were valued at $73.13 each, or $151,672 252 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. in all. This gives the total number of lots to be 5,461, and their total value as $2,525,525. The railroad property is reported at 13 acres, with a value of $4,100, and 23 lots, valued at $8,450, or a total value of this class of real estate property of $12,550. The number of live stock in the county is large. There were reported by the assessor 5,467 horses ; 16,809 cattle ; 1,108 mules and asses ; 7,309 sheep ; and 19,198 hogs. The horses were valued at $276,372 ; the cattle at $315,782 ; the mules and asses at $67,500 ; the sheep at $15,800 ; and the hogs at $69,956, making a total number of 49,801, valued at $745,410. There are reported 8 steam engines, valued at $5,000 ; 22 *burglar and fire safes, valued at $4,850 ; 2,246 carriages and wagons, valued at $60,711; 880 watches and clocks, valued at $6,148; 1,006 sewing and knitting machines, valued at $19,908 ; 223 pianos, valued at $26,500 ; 94 melodeons and organs, valued at $5,738. The total value of these pro- ducts is $128,855. The value of manufactured articles is $935, that of manufacturers' tools and machinery, $5,385; of agricultural tools, $33,186 ; $68,193 are in the hands of bankers and brokers, while an additional credit of $16,778 is reported ; $596,482 are otherwise invested, while over $300,000 worth of bank stock is held. The value of household and office property is $132,325. To recapitulate: The total value of lands is $6,904,498.08; of lots, $2,525,525 ; of railroad property (real estate), $12,550 ; of live stock, $745,410 ; of farming machinery and other implements, $128,855 ; and of the other items enumerated, $1,151,314. To this may be added other items, aggregating about $300,000, making the total wealth of the county, $11,768,152.08. i POLITICAL HISTORY. If the reader will turn to the History of the Northwest, published elsewhere in this volume, he can readily trace the progressive stages through which that country passed until its ultimate division into terri- tories and states. He will there learn that the Illinois Territory was formed from the Indiana Territory in 1809, and made an independent municipality. Nineteen years prior to this date, in February, 1790, Arthur St. Clair (who had been appointed Governor of the Northwest Territory by Congress, October 5, 1787), and the Secretary, Winthrop Sargent, arrived in Kaskaskia to execute the orders of the late Congress regarding the inhabitants of the then far West. The country within the boundaries of our present State, extending northward to the mouth of the Little Mackinaw Creek, on the Illinois, was organized into a county, named after His Excellency, Governor St. Clair. This was the first county formed in the limits of Illinois. It was divided into three judicial districts, and Cahokia made the seat of government. St. Clair County remained intact until 1795, when Randolph was formed by running a line through the New Design settlement in the present Monroe County, due east to the Wabash River, and all that country south of this line was established into the county of Randolph, named in honor of Edmond Randolph, of Virginia. By an act of Congress, approved February 3, 1809, all that part of HARRY REINBACH (DECEASED) HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 253 the Indiana Territory lying " west of the Wabash River, and a direct line drawn from the said Wabash River and Post Vincennes, due north to the territorial line between the United States and Canada," should, after the first of March following, constitute a separate territory, and be called Illinois. It will be perceived this included the present State of Wisconsin. The population of the newly organized territory was estimated at about nine thousand, leaving double that number in Indiana. On September 6, 1812, the territorial legislature established the counties of Madison, Gallatin, and Johnson. The first named of these included what is now Morgan County. In 1815, Edwards and White Counties were erected ; in 1816, Monroe, Crawford, Jackson, Pope, and Bond, and in 1818, Union, Franklin, and Washington were formed. It will thus be seen that when the convention met in July, 1818, to draft a constitution for the State of Illinois, fifteen counties were represented. Illinois was admitted as a State soon after, the first election for officers being held in September. With the rapid increase of population the division of the State into smaller counties became necessary. In 1821 Greene County was formed out of the northern portion of Madison. Its northern boundary, however, was established as it yet exists, and all that country north to, and beyond the Illinois River, was attached to it for judicial purposes. During the session of the General Assembly of 1822 - '23, the Military Tract was laid, out into counties. The county seat of Pike County was established, and the records of lands, patents, deeds, etc., were recorded at Atlas. This tract had formerly been attached to Madison. On January 31, 1823, Morgan County was established. The act relating to its formation reads as follows : " Be it enacted by the people of the State of Illinois represented in the Creneral Assembly. " SEC. 1. That all that tract of country within the following boundaries, to-wit : Beginning at the northwest corner of Greene County ; thence east to the range line between seven and eight west of the third principal meridian ; thence northerly along the middle of the prairie that divides the waters of the Sangamon River from those of Apple Creek, Mauvaisterre and Indian Creeks, until it arrives at the middle of range eight ; thence north to the middle of the main channel of Sangamon River ; thence down the said channel to the middle of the main channel of the Illinois River ; thence down said last mentioned channel to the place of beginning. " SEC. 2. Be it further enacted, That the electors of said county shall meet on the first Monday of March next at the house of James G. Swinerton to elect three county commissioners, a sheriff, and a coroner, and that Joseph Klein, John Clark, and Daniel Lieb, be, and they are hereby appointed the judges of said election ; who shall give notice thereof and proceed on that day to conduct the same according to the existing laws of this State, or such as may then be in force, relative to the election for county officers. " SEC. 3. That Samuel Bristow, John Clark, and Henry Fahne- stock be commissioners to fix on a place for the temporary seat of justice for said county, whose duty it shall be to meet at the time and place for holding the election for county commissioners, or within c 254 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. ten days thereafter, and, after being duly sworn, shall proceed to determine on some convenient place as near the center of population as circumstances will admit ; and such place, when located, shall be the seat of justice until otherwise provided by law. Such commissioners shall be allowed two dollars each per day for the time necessarily employed, to be paid out of the county treasury. " SEC. 4. That the citizens of Morgan County are hereby declared entitled in all respects to the same rights and privileges as are allowed in general to other counties in the State. Provided always. That when freeholders are capable of performing any duty, or are entitled to any privilege, householders shall, for all such purposes, be considered as freeholders in said county, and shall and may perform all the duties appertaining to the different offices in said county. -' SEC. 5. That the County of Morgan shall compose a part of the First Judicial District in this State. ' SEC. 6. That Morgan County shall compose a part of the Sena- torial and Representative District with Greene County." On February 17, this act was amended, changing the time of the meeting of the commissioners appointed to locate the seat of justice, from the first Monday of March to the third Monday, and that the elec- tion be held on the same day. It will be observed that the act quoted at length, fixed the boun- daries of Morgan County so that it included the present counties of Cass and Scott. It was then about forty miles long, thirty-two miles wide, and included about 1280 square miles, or nearly 800,000 acres of land. On the day designated in the act, the third Monday in March, 1823, an election was held at the house of James G. Swinerton. This was situated about six miles southwest of the present city of Jacksonville. At this election Milton Ladd, member of the Legislature from Johnston County, was chosen Judge of Probate Court, and was also appointed Clerk of Circuit Court. Dennis Rockwell was appointed Recorder. Mr. Ladd made one visit to Morgan County and declined the office to which he was elected. Dennis Rockwell was then appointed clerk and Aaron Wilson judge. The county was attached to the first judicial district, of which John Reynolds (afterwards elected Governor in 1830) was judge. Jonathan Piper, Stephen Pierce, James Deaton, John Clark, Daniel Lieb, Thomas Arnett, Samuel Bristow, Equillar Hall, David Blain, John Green, Joseph Buchanan, and Seymore Kelley, were appointed justices of the peace, and Johnson Shelton surveyor. Of all these Equillar Hall is probably the only survivor. At the election for county officers, Dank-: Lieb, Peter Conover, and Samuel Bristow, were chosen county coma, sinners, and William B. Green, sheriff. Dennis Rockwell was subsequently appointed clerk of this court. The house of Mr. Swinerton was chosen as the temporary seat of justice, and the first court held there. The first Circuit Court was held by Judge John Rey- nolds, on the third Monday of April, following the election, in an old log cabin owned by Dr Cad well, near Mr. Swinerton's house. In 1822, the territory of which Morgan County was composed was attached to the senatorial district composed of Greene and Pike Counties, and of the rep- resentative district composing Greene County. Dr. George Cadwell was elected to the Senate, and Archibald Job, of Beardstown, to the House HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 255 of Representatives. "I question," says Judge Thomas, in a paper read before the Old Settlers' Association, " if two better men for the positions could have been found in the district, for integrity, honesty, and good sound sense, they have not been equaled by any of their successors." At the election in 1824, Thomas Carlin (elected Governor in 1836) and Isaac N. Piggott (for many years a resident of St. Louis, and, if now living, over ninety years of age) were candidates for the Senate. Carlin obtained the certificate of election, but Piggott contested his right, and, upon investigation, the question was referred back to the people, and a new election was the result. Carlin was elected by a decisive majority. Mr. Job was re-elected to the House. But few sessions of court were held at Mr. Swinerton's. It will be noticed in reading the act creating the county that Samuel Bristow, John Clark, and Henry Fahnestock were appointed a committee to fix upon a temporary seat of justice for Morgan County. They selected a place called " Olmstead's Mounds," about eight miles west of the present city of Jacksonville. By an act passed January 6, 1825, John Howard, Abraham Pickett, and John T. Lusk, of Madison County, were appointed commissioners to fix upon a permanent seat of justice for the county. They were required to meet at the house of James Deaton on the first Monday of March, and, after being duly sworn, were " to locate the permanent seat of justice of said county at the most eligible place, as near the center of the territory as practicable, having due regard to the present and future population." These commissioners met on the day appointed, and settled the present site of the city. The land then belonged to the government, but early the next day was purchased by Thomas Arnett and Isaac Dial at private sale for one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre. It was in sections 20 and 21, Mr. Arnett purchasing the former section, and Mr. Dial the latter. On the 10th of March they laid out a town thereon, giving to the county for the use of public buildings forty acres. There was living on the town site a man named Cox, a hatter by trade, who occupied a cabin which stood a little to the northeast of the present fountain in the public square. This cabin he soon after sold to Mr. Thomas Carson, who thereby became an early resident of the county seat. He was the first tavern-keeper therein, and was well known. The first term of the Circuit Court met in the new seat of justice on uesday after the second Monday in May, 1825. John S. Sawyer was circuit judge, Dennis Rockwell clerk, and Joseph M. Fairfield sheriff. A two-story frame court house was soon built. It stood on the northwest part of the square, and was placed on round blocks. Its cost was about four hundred and fifty dollars. It was thirty by forty feet square. In the Summer of 1825, the few records of the county were brought from Olmstead's Mound to the court house and placed therein. This court house remained in use until the night of December 6, 1827, when, with all its contents, it was destroyed by fire. The loss was not great, how- ever, as the records were few, and the recorder, Dennis Rockwell, had by chance taken the record of deeds to his house for some purpose, thereby saving it. The jail was constructed of square timbers, firmly fastened together, and was a rather unsafe depository for prisoners. It stood on a lot of 256 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. ground north of the square, and was used until the completion of the second jail in 1833. The election in August, 1826, was fiercely contested between Ninian Edwards and Thomas C. Sloe for governor, and Daniel P. Cook and Joseph Duncan for Congress. Edwards and Duncan, though of different political parties, were elected by small majorities. Mr. Job was returned to the State Senate from the Counties of Morgan, Schuyler, Fulton, Peoria, and Adams ; and John Leeper and Daniel Lieb were sent to the House of Representatives from Morgan County. It has been stated in these pages that Morgan County included what is now Cass and Scott Counties. Its eastern boundary has been but little if any changed since the act of creation in January, 1823. On February 12, 1835, the boundary question between the Counties of Sangamon and Morgan was definitely settled by an act of legislature, the line remaining the same until this day. The commissioners appointed were William Weatherford, Harvey Rigger, and John R. Tilts. They occupied in this duty April 14, 15, 16, and 17, 1835, and established the line by stone pillars set in the ground one mile apart. Cass County was set off in 1837 ; Scott County in 1839. The causes which led to the formation of these two counties were various. The residents of Cass County claimed that they did not have a fair and equal representation in the needs of the principal parts of the county ; that a clique or ring was formed against them. Other reasons were also given. The county was large and would admit of division, and its interests would be advanced, argued many. One of the most potent reasons, especially in the formation of Scott County, was the desire among many towns to become county seats. Almost every western town has at some period of its existence aspired to become a county seat, and had, in its own opinion, unanswerable reasons in support of its aspirations. This, without doubt,, had much to do in the creation of these two counties, as the towns of Beardstown and Virginia in the territory of one, and Winchester in the other, were urgent aspirants for such positions. The people living near the towns were in sympathy with them, and the representatives from the county were instructed by their constituents to foster a bill looking to the division. Another reason was argued, and with a good emphasis, in that part comprising Cass County the remote- ness of the county seat. This fact, with the large extent of territory in Morgan County, was a good reason for the division. During the session of the General Assembly of 1836-7, a bill for the division of Morgan County was introduced in that body, and became a law, being approved March 3, 1837. Its main provisions are as follows: * * * " All that tract of land within the following boundaries, to wit : Beginning at a point in the center of the main channel of the Illinois River, where a line running through the center of township 17 north intersects the same in range 13 west ; thence east with said line to the east side of the County of Morgan ; from thence north to the center of the main channel of the Sangamon River ; thence down said river to the center of the main channel of the Illinois River ; thence down said river to the place of beginning, shall constitute a county, and shall be named Cass." There were certain conditions named in the act before this boundary HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 257 could be established. The people comprising the County of Morgan were to meet at their respective voting places on the third Monday in April, and vote on the question of division. Should the question be decided in the affirmative, the voters in the new County of Cass were to assemble at their voting places and decide on a location for a permanent seat of justice. On the first Monday in August they were to meet again and elect their county officers. The act further provided that the owners of lots or lands where the seat of justice should be located, should donate to the county not less than fifteen acres of land, the proceeds of which, when sold, should be applied to the erection of the necessary county building. In case Beardstown should be chosen to be the county seat, the corporation was required to pay into the county treasury not less than ten thousand dollars, in installments, to be applied to the same, purpose. The vote of the people favored the decision, and on the 12th of July following the act already quoted, an act creating the county passed the General Assembly, and became a law. It fixed the seat of justice at Beardstown, in conformity with the desire of the people, should that town comply with the conditions set forth in the first act. This last act further provided that the court house should be erected on the public square in Beardstown. The returns of the election were to be made to O. M. Long and Thomas Payne, justices in Beardstown ; the school fund was to be divided between Morgan and Cass, in ratio to the population as deter- mined by the last election, and as soon as the county officers to be elected in August were qualified, the county was declared to be in complete order. Beardstown failed to comply with the requirements of the act, and a petition was presented to the legislature declaring that fact, and praying for a change from that town to Virginia. That body passed an act on March 2, 1839, removing the seat of justice to Virginia. It was, however, again taken to Beardstown, and again brought to Virginia, where it now exists. The territory embraced in Cass County comprises 239,579 acres, and for its area is one of the most valuable counties in the State. On February 16, 1839, the act forming the County of Scott passed the General Assembly. Its boundaries were defined, provision was made for holding an election for county officers, and for dividing the school fund between .Morgan and Scott Counties. An election for county officers was ordered to be held on the third Monday in March, at the town of Win- chester, and proper persons designated to receive the returns of this elec- tion. Winchester was by the same act declared to be the permanent seat of justice, provided it would erect a court house and jail. It could ex- pend for this purpose five thousand dollars, dividing that sum in the erection of the two buildings, as the county commissioners should desire. The county thus formed comprises 156,814 acres of land, and left Morgan County with its present area. The total wealth of Scott County, as assessed for the year 1877, is $3,461,588 ; that of Cass is $4,940,712 $8,402,300 in all. It has been noticed that the court house built in 1825 in Morgan County, was burned in 1827 ten years before the erection of Cass County. This fire occurred on the night of December 6th, and on the 17th a special meeting of the county commissioners was called. At 258 HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. this meeting James Deaton and Allen Q. Lindsey were present, James Gillham, the remaining member of the board, absent. The first record of this court after the fire, and the first now preserved, reads as follows: "Whereas, on the night of the 6th instant the court house of this count} 7 ", together with the office of the clerk of the Circuit and County Commissioners' Courts, and all the papers and records of said offices, were destroyed by fire. It is ordered by this court that the county treasurer pay to the order of Dennis Rockwell, clerk of this court, out of the first money received into the treasury, fifty dollars in specie, for the purpose of purchasing books and stationery for the use of the county offices/' Many persons had purchased lots of the county, and to those whose deeds were destroyed, or not recorded in the book mentioned as preserved from the fire, the commissioners were called upon to give new deeds, which they in all cases did, the giving of these papers being among the first acts of the County Court. The law at this time required all tavern-keepers and merchants to obtain a license from the County Court. The former class had their rates of charges established by this court, as also were those of the keepers of ferries. The first tavern-keeper in Jacksonville, and with but little doubt the first in Morgan County, was Mr. Thomas Carson, already mentioned as an early resident on that town site. His rates of charges, if they were affixed, are not now known ; but they probably differed but little from those of Mr. George M. Richards, the first tavern-keeper in the county whose license is preserved. It bears date January 14, 1828. He paid into the county treasury five dollars, and gave a bond, with Thomas Luttrell as security. The following were his rates, as they appear in the county records : For rum, per half-pint, - - 25 cents. For brandy, per half-pint, - 25 cents. For gin, per half-pint, - - 25 cents. For wine, per half-pint, 25 cents. For whisky, per half-pint, - 12 cents. For meal of victuals, - 25 cents. For lodging, - - 12 cents. For horse feed, - 6i cents. For keeping horse over night, - - 25 cents. These items were commonly included in all tavern licenses, save that " cordial " was afterwards added at 25 cents per half-pint, and these were the common charges allowed. It is quite interesting to note these old transactions, the same in all counties in the West, and to note the various changes therein during succeeding years. The use of ardent spirits gradually was taken from the license, and now no charges whatever are specified, that being left to the discretion of the landlord. It would have been almost as discretionary had the County Court regulated the price of merchandise. Such attempts are almost always fallacious, as the laws of demand and supply invariably govern such transactions. The care of the poor, review of roads, justices' districts, and such matters, engaged the attention of the County Court at its first sessions. As the county increased in population, its division into smaller road and justices' districts was made. The first juries lists are now lost. The first one preserved is that drawn for the April term of court in 1828. The HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 259 grand jury was composed of the following gentlemen : William Wood r William Rodgers, Frederick Bolinger, Samuel B. Jones, David Marks* George M. Richards, Allen B. Hughes, Larkin Brown, Matthew Elder, Nathan Compton, Joshua Crow, Solomon Penny, William Miller, George Camp, William Sharon, Ira A. Hooker, William B. Schott, Thomas Cow- hick, Martin Humphries, and Thomas Allen. Those composing the " travers " jury, as it was called, were Richard Beall, Samuel Holloway, Charles W. Horrell, Samuel Berry, Elias Williams, James Martin, Stephen Burrows, James D. Morrison, William Jarrod, Benjamin Shartzer, Peter Dew, Samuel White, David Hibbard, Thomas Wishwall, Richard P. Car- ter, John Box, John Wilson, Andrew Armstrong, James Taylor, Benjamin William Wyatt, Solomon Perkins, Samuel Matthews, and James Redman. At the meeting of the County Court on March 4, 1828, the county was divided into seven road districts, which number was shortly greatly increased, so rapidly did the county fill with settlers. On the 6th of the same month, the court ordered the clerk to give notice that on the 10th of April following, the building of a court house would be let to responsible bidders. At first the plan was to construct a brick building, two stories high, forty feet square. On the 22d a special meeting of the commissioners was called, and the plan altered, making the building fifty feet long and forty feet wide. None of the bids offered for its construc- tion were accepted, and no contracts made that year. The next year the county commissioners were Joseph M. Fairfield, John Wyatt, and Samuel Rogers, and at a meeting of this court on January 31, 1829, it was decided to let the work in separate bids, and these were accordingly advertised. On the 14th of March, the contracts for its construction were let ; the brick and stone work to Garrison W. Berry and Henry Robley, for $1,720 ; the carpenter work to Rice Dunbar and Henry Robley, tor $1,350, and a few minor contracts to other individuals. On March 5, 1830, contracts for finishing the court house, putting in win- dows, placing window-shutters in place, with many other articles needed, was let to Rice Dunbar and Henry Blandford, for $1.250 ; for lathing and plastering to Henry Robley and Isham Dalton, for $326. 62^ ; for painting to John Challon, for $389, and to James .Hurst, for the floors $41. The court house was accepted by the county commissioners at their meeting on September 8, 1830. The contractors and builders were paid in install- ments, as had been agreed. The total cost, when complete, was about 4,000. The building was the first brick house in the county, and occu- pied the central square of land on the south side of State street and west of Main street. To meet the expense in the erection of this edifice, and for the county revenue, a tax was ordered levied at the meeting of March 4th, 1829, on all slaves, indentured or registered, negro or mulatto ser- vants, on pleasure carriages, on distilleries, on stock in trade, on live stock, and on all personal property, except household furniture the ratio being one-half per cent. One per cent, was also established for the erec- tion of public buildings, in accordance with an act passed by the General Assembly. This court house remained in use until it was superseded by the present commodious structure, completed in 1868. It had served the county thirty-eight years, and then gave way to its handsome successor. It had for some time been the desire of the citizens generally that it should 260 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. I be removed from its position, and the square left for an ornament to the town. The " old court house," as it was called, was also inadequate to the increasing demands of the county, and was, when the "new court house" was erected, pulled down and the material used elsewhere. The present structure is one of the finest in the West, and is unusually safe from fire. It is constructed almost entirely of stone and iron; the first named material being obtained from the quarries at Joliet. The old jail was built of hewed timbers, each was about one foot square, and every wall was made double. Between these double walls, upright pieces of timber, of the same dimensions as that used in the wall, were placed, so that if a criminal attempted to escape by cutting through the wall, these inner pieces would, when a section was cut out of one of them, drop down, and thus the process would have to be repeated until the whole would be cut away. This would take more time than any criminal could use without being detected, and it is doubtful if the pro- cess was ever attempted. At the meeting of the County Court, on "March 9, 1832, it was decided to erect a new jail, and the clerk of that court was ordered to advertise in the Illinois Patriot, for sealed proposals from builders for its construction. It was determined it should be built of brick and stone, and the contract for that part of the construction was, at a subsequent meeting, awarded to Abram Dewitt, for about eighteen hundred dollars. The carpenter work was given to Ebenezer Miller, for nearly fifteen hundred dollars. The jail was completed in 1833, its entire cost being about thirty-five hundred dollars. This jail was the stronghold for detaining criminals many years. It, in turn, also became unsafe through the lapse of years, and was declared unfit for use. In the spring of 1804 steps were taken for the erection of a more substantial jail. The old one was pronounced unsafe and un- comfortable by the county commissioners, who decided to erect a new one. After mature deliberation, it was decided to construct the building with iron cells, and Hon. Stephen Dunlap, a member of the court, was in- structed to proceed to Cincinnati, Ohio, with a competent mechanic, and make arrangements for its construction. Mr. Jessee T. Newman had offered $3,000 for the old lot and jail. It was decided to accept this offer, and purchase another site. After examining various offered sites, a lot owned by Mr. John Trabue was selected and he was paid for the same $3,500. Work on the jail was soon after begun, and prosecuted until its completion. The building cost $27,500, and is yet in use. The keeping of the county poor has always been a serious question in the management of county affairs. At first they were " farmed out," as it was termed, that is given to suitable persons to keep. These were obligated to provide a reasonable maintainance. In case the person kept was able to work, the one keeping him could obtain a partial recompense in that manner, and in addition was given an allowance from the county treasury. Minors were bound out until of age, and the person to whom they were given was required to provide for them schooling a reasonable length of time during the year. These and various methods were tried in the early days of the West, but did not at all times prove satisfactory. With all due diligence, in some cases the poor would fall into the hands of those who only desired gain by their labors, and who cared nothing for HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. their moral advancement. Minors would often be mistreated and unpro- vided with the means of education, and their moral training wholly neglected. The earliest attempts to keep this class of people by the county were made about 1840. A poor farm was established a few miles north of Jacksonville, and many of them sent there for keeping. The house was not built expressly for this purpose, having been a residence, but was used. Additions were made to it in 1847, when Joseph Halsep was superintendent, as the accommodations were not such as desired. At this time insane persons were kept by the county. Mrs. Dix, a woman who devoted her life to this unfortunate class of humanity, and whose history is given in connection with that of the Insane Asylum, elsewhere in this volume, came about this time to Morgan County and visited the poor house. Finding all classes of the poor kept together, and no provision for the insane, she vigorously set to work to remedy the evil. She visited the county commissioners and urgently importuned them to sell the property and purchase elsewhere. She selected a site just east of the city, and succeeded in her purpose. On July 12, i847, James H. Linton was appointed agent, on behalf of the county, to purchase fourteen acres at a price not to exceed fifty dollars per acre. Before the purchase was made the number of acres was increased 10 thirty. On September 10th the old poor house, and property belonging thereto, was ordered to be sold. An addition to the new location was purchased of W. B. Warren, in 1854, for four thousand dollars. In accordance with the views of Mrs. Dix, a building for the use and care of the insane was erected, in addition to the building intended for the paupers, and new and improved methods adopted in the treatment of all. This farm was occupied until 1867. The city's growth had reached the grounds, and advantageous offers were made to the county for the property. As the population of the county had increased, the number of poor augmented until more land and more accommodations were neces- sary. Land adjoining the farm was too valuable for such purposes, and the county commissioners decided to sell the property, and, by going farther from the city, purchase more land. On January 27, 186u, in accordance with an order of this court, the county farm, and all property therewith, was sold at public sale to Joseph R. Askew and John T. Springer for $13,375. These persons soon after laid the farm out in town lots, and as such it is now known as Askew and Springer's addition to Jacksonville. This sale necessitated a new location. The most eligible site, offering timber for fuel, was the farm of Cornelius Goltra, about three miles northwest of the city. This farm, of two hundred acres, was pur- chased for about $13,000, and the present poor house built thereon. It is a good structure, capable of accommodating all those who may call upon the county for keeping, and is excellently managed. In ordinary years the farm bears a large share of the expense, and furnishes employ- ment to all inmates able to work. The erection of the several county buildings has now been conclu- sively stated, and it will be well before closing this chapter to note the various divisions of the county. From its earliest existence, as settle- ments increased, the justices' and road districts were set off, and their boundaries determined. On June 30, 1828, the county was divided into 262 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. five election precincts, known as Jacksonville, Exeter, Sandy, Apple Creek, and Clay Creek precincts. The judges appointed for each district were: Joseph Klein, John Leeper, Aaron Wilson, Jacksonville; Daniel Lieb, Baxter Broadwell, and Daniel Burbank, Exeter ; James Hatchin, Alexander Walls, and Alvin Coe, Sandy ; John Lappington, John Wil- liams, and Thomas Luttrell, Apple Creek ; Thomas Gatton, William Sumners, and Joshua Crow, Clay Creek. Indian Creek precinct was not long after added, and William Lager, Isaac R. Bennett, and Equillar Hall appointed judges of election. All those named were to serve two years from the date of the appointments. On the next day after the division of the county into election precincts, the trustees for the school sections were appointed. On June 8, 1831, William Thomas was appointed school agent on behalf of the county to sell these sections, and thereby create a school fund. His bond was $12,000, and he, with his characteristic honesty, discharged his duties faithfully. It is doubt- ful if the National Congress ever passed an act, which resulted in equal benefit to the people, as this one. Three years before Judge Thomas' appointment, on Sept. 2, 1828, the Mound school district was established; probably the first school district, at least the first on record, in the county. At this time no bridges were built for the accommodation of travelers. All crossing of streams was done by ferries, the owners of which were allowed to charge a fee, regulated, like tavern licenses, by the County Court. On the day the trustees for the school sections were appointed, the rates of ferriage over the Illinois River were established as follows : "' For each four-horse or ox team and carriage, seventy-five cents ; for each two-horse or ox team and carriage, fifty cents ; for each one- horse and carriage, thirty-seven and one-half cents; for each man and horse, twelve and a half cents ; for each footman, six and a fourth cents ; for each head of loose horses or cattle, six and a fourth cents ; for each head of hogs, sheep or goats, three cents." These were the common rates charged. The price of license was according to the location. At Beard's ferry it was four dollars ; at Grun's, two dollars, and at Phillips', three. Others were charged like amounts. Enough has now been told to give an intelligent idea of the acts of the county as a corporate body. At every meeting of the County Court new tavern and ferry licenses were issued. Prominent among the names appearing on the records are those of Joseph Bently, Nathan H. Gest, Abraham Vance, Abraham DeWitt, and Thomas Bently, all of whom were licensed to " keep tavern " in the county seat, and the majority of whom paid five dollars fee. Ira Kelley was licensed to open a house of entertainment in Exeter, Thomas Beard at his ferry, Archibald J. Hite at a mill on Sandy Creek, Jacob Ekelburner at Naples, and others at different places, as the county filled with settlers, and the needs of the country required. These persons' rates of charges were all fixed, and, as will be seen by the reader in those quoted elsewhere, included wine, gin, rum, cordial, and whisky. The increase in population also demanded new road districts, which from time to time were made. New polling places were also established, and we find as early as 1830, Jacksonville had so increased in inhabitants, that on June 8th of that year an additional voting place was made therein. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. The next year Stephen R. Bartlett and Isaac Negus were licensed to sell clocks. The former, being a non-resident, was charged twenty-five dol- lars for the privilege, while the latter, a resident, was charged half that sum. Knapp & Pogue, B. and Francis Ayers paid ten dollars for the privilege of opening a store and doing business in the county seat. At the meeting of the Commissioners' Court, on March 9, 1831, the follow- ing firms were licensed to sell goods in the county. From the number the reader will readily perceive the increase in population and commerce a lapse of five years had produced in Morgan County. The list with the rates of charges for the license is herewith appended as given on that day : Alexander T. Douglas, five dollars ; James Dunlap & Co., twelve dollars and fifty cents ; Nathan H. Gest, seven dollars and fifty cents ;. N. and N. H. Johnson and Joshua D. Austin, five dollars each ; John P. Wilkinson, the same as James Dunlap & Co. ; Archibald T. Hite, Joseph M. Fairfield, William Hunter, and Davenport & Henderson, each five dollars ; Hook & Wish wall and James P. Coddington & Co., seven dollars and fifty cents each, and Gillett & Gordon, fifteen dollars, making a total amount received that day from this source, ninety-seven dollars and fifty cents. Tavern licenses had by this time raised, as we find F. C. Maupin was charged eleven dollars to open such a house on Apple Creek, and five dollars to " vend merchandise therein." By an act of the legislature, approved April 23, 1831, James Green, John Henderson, and Joseph Cloud were appointed commissioners " to survey and lay out" a State road from Henderson's Grove in Montgomery County to Jacksonville, and afterwards John Green and Abraham Vance were appointed to lay out this road through the county to Naples on the river. This road was reviewed from Jacksonville to Naples by Abraham Vance, John Green, and Alexander Wells, and thereby finally established. Throughout the county's existence its several acts as a corporate body have been similar to those narrated, being changed as the exigencies required, and as the increase in population, wealth, and commerce demanded. The county is yet under the old form of government, the township form not being adopted. Three commissioners comprise the County Court, and attend to all business relating to the commonwealth.. The political history of Morgan County would be incomplete without a list of its officers. It is here given as furnished by the Secretary of State : A LIST OF THE COUNTY OFFICERS OF MORGAN COUNTY FROM 1823 TO 1877. )ATE OF COMMISSION. February 15, 1823, . " L7, " ipril 2, 1823, . . . u u u Fanuary 15, 1824, . ' 29 September 3, 1824, . October 1, 1824, . Fanuary 10, 1825, " 18, " u u u Recorder, .... Probate Judge, Sheriff, . . . Coroner, .... Probate Judge, . . Surveyor, .... Coroner, .... Sheriff, .... Surveyor, .... Public Administrator, Probate Judge, . . NAMES. Dennis Rockwell. Milton Ladd, Bes &?| d f|C Willi Green. James Deaton. Aron Wilson. Johnson Shelton. James Deaton. Jos. M. Fairfield. John Shelton. Jonathan Sweet, Sr. A. Wilson. 264 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. DATE OF COMMISSION. June 8, 1825, . . January 23, 1826, September 28, 1826, December 11, 1826, September 11, 1828,. tt tt March 28, 1829, . August 21, 1830, September 2, 1830, February 12, 1831, August 20, 1832, . tt u tt " 22, 1834, . November 7, 1834, August 17, 1835, . tt tt U September 11, 1837, September 5, 1838, August 23, 1838, . 28, 1839, " 17, " tt It tt December 9, 1839, " 31, " August 13, 1840, . tt tt 1.1. August 6, 1842, . " 11, " March 4, 1843, . . August 18, 1843, u u " 23, " October 19, 1843, . August 12, 1844, tt tt it August 9, 1845, . tt U it " 15, " 22, 1846, " 27, " tt u tt February 8, 1847, . August 11, 1847, 41 It it August 22, 1848, " 23 " November'30, 1849, OFFICE. Surveyor, . M Coroner, . Sheriff, . Coroner, .... Public Administrator, Coroner, .... Sheriff, .... Public Administrator, Sheriff, Coroner, .... Sheriff, Coroner, .... Surveyor, .... Recorder, . . . Probate Justice, . Sheriff, .... Coroner, .... Probate Justice, Recorder, .... Surveyor, .... Coroner, .... Surveyor, .... Sheriff, Coroner, .... Sheriff, .... Public Administrator, Recorder, .... Surveyor, .... Probate Justice, Recorder, .... Sheriff, .... Coroner, .... Sheriff, .... Surveyor, .... Coroner, Sheriff, Public Administrator, Sheriff, Coroner, .... Public Administrator, Surveyor, .... Recorder, .... Sheriff, . . . . . Coroner, .... County Judge, . . Clerk County Court, Surveyor, .... NAMES. Johnston Shelton. tt a Philip Aylsworth. Willi B. Green. * Sam'l T. Matthews. William Jarred. Murry McConnell. Wm. Jarred. Sam'l T. Matthews. Murry McConnell. William O'Rear. Jesse W. Redding. William O'Rear. Anthony Arnolds. Johnson Shelton. J. M. McKinney. Matthew Stacy. A. Dunlap. Anthony Arnold. D. P. Henderson. James McKinney. A. W. Sweet. E. A. Mears. Henry Saunderson. Ira Davenport. Robert S. Anderson. Sam'l Q. Reaugh. Alex. Dunlap. Geo. McHenry. T M T n d. 1V1. l^U Johnson Shelton. Matthew Stacy. J. M. Lucas. William Grees. ^ James Holmes. Ira Davenport. W. B. Warren. D. C. Creamer. Ira Davenport. John W. Evans. Ira Davenport. D. C. Creamer. John W. Evans. Geo. M. Richards. James Maxwell. Ira Davenport. David C. Creamer. James Berdan. G. A. Dunlap. Harvey Rout. Resigned Septem- berl2, 1843. HISTOEY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 265 DATE OF COMMISSION. Elected Sept. 4, 1848, November 20, 1850, . OFFICE. lb U 10, 1851, . 23, 1852, " 25, 1853, . K bb bb b( bb u (( bb d December 24, 1853, . November 14, 1854, . U bb bb 13, 1855, . 10, 1856, u bb u " 14, " 21, 1857, . (( bb bb " 19, " . " 21, " January 6, 1858, . November 18, 1858, " 30, " 1859, it March 13, 1860, . November 14, 1860, it d (b " 19, 1861, bb bb (b December 2, 1862, " 16, " November 18, 1863, December 1, 1864, it it u November 18, 1865, 19, 1866, 24, " Clerk Circuit Court, Sheriff, ...... Coroner, .... Surveyor, .... Sheriff, .... Coroner, .... Clerk Circuit Court, County Clerk, . . County Justice, County Judge, . . County Surveyor, School Commissioner, Sheriff, Coroner, .... Surveyor, .... Sheriff, . ... Coroner, .... Circuit Clerk, . . County Judge, . . County Justice, . . County Clerk, . . Assessor and Treasurer, School Commissioner, County Surveyor, Surveyor, Coroner, .... Treasurer and Assessor, School Commissioner, County Surveyor, . Sheriff, Coroner, .... County Judge, . . County Justice, County Clerk, . . County Surveyor, Sheriff, .... Coroner, .... Circuit Clerk, . . School Commissioner, County Treasurer, . County Surveyor, Circuit Clerk, . . Sheriff, County Judge, . County Clerk, Sheriff, Coroner, .... NAMES. Charles Hardin. Jonathan Neeley. Timothy Chamberlain. Harvey Rout. Martin H. Cassell. Timothy Chamberlain, Jr. Charles Hardin. Matt. Stacy. I. R. Bennett. I. R. Duncan. Jas. Berdan. .Geo. M. Richards. W. Catlin. Cyrus Mathews. James Mitchell. Chas. Packard. Chas. Sample. James E. Mitchell. Charles Hardin. Jos. J. Cassell. Geo. B. Waller. A. J. Thompson. Matthew Stacy. Wm. G. Johnson. Newton Batemau. Wm. S. McPherson. I. S. Hicks. John Selby. Thos. J. Caldwell. Jno. T. Springer. Zenos F. Moody. Edward Scott. Sam'l S. Davis. S. S. Duncan. Stephen Dunlap. Nathan Hart. John Trabue. Wm. S. McPherson. A. J. Bradshaw. E. C. Drew. B. F. Bristow, toflll a vacancy . Sam'l M. Martin. James H. Laston. W. S. McPherson. Stephen Sutton. Smith M. Palmer. H. G. Whittock. John Trabue. S. L. Moore. Field Sample. 266 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. DATE OF COMMISSION. November 13, 1868, 16, " 13, " 16, 1869, December 8, " " 22 " November 16, 1870, " 17, " December 2, 1870, May 7, 1872, . . . " 13, " . . November 19, 1872, . 29, " 26, 1873, . " 19 " Elected Nov. '4, 1873, January 22, 1874, November 12, 1874, . 10, 1875, u u 16, 1876, ' 24, " . 13, " 21, " . 13, 10, 1877 . OFFICE. Circuit Clerk, . Sheriff, Coroner, Circuit Clerk, - County Judge, Associate Justice, Geo. W. Clark. Isaac S. Sierer. John H. Gruber. Geo. W. Clark. Edward Scott. Samuel Wood. Job W. English. John Trabue. W. S. McPherson. County Clerk, . . Surveyor, School Commissioner, S. M. Martin. Sheriff, Benj. Pyatt. Coroner, Surveyor, Treasurer, . . . Surveyor, Coroner, . Sheriff, .... States Attorney, Circuit Clerk, . County Judge, . County Clerk, School Com., . . 11 " 1 year, tc ti 2 " 4. U _<"> it Henry Lawler. C. C. Bobbins. W. H. Wright. Chas. B. Lewis. Michael Karney. W. H. Bradwell. H. O. Cassell. Jo. W. Caldwell. Edward P. Kirby. Samuel M. Martin. Henry Higgins. Dan'l Deitrick, com . James H. Devore. John Virgin. Dan'l Deitrick. II U g II Sheriff, Irvin Dunlap. Coroner, .... Theo. Allen. Treasurer, .... W. H. Wright. Surveyor, .... W. H. Rowe. Circuit Clerk, . . . John N. Marsh. States Attorney, . Jas. N. Brown. Sheriff, Irvin Dunlap. Coroner, .... Philip Braun. County Commissioner, John Virgin. " Judge, . . Edward P. Kirby. " Clerk, . . Benj. R. Upham. " Treasurer, . W. H. Wright. " Superintendent, Henry Higgins. " Commissioner, D. H. Lollis. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 267 PAST AND PRESENT. " Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to min' ? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And days o" lang syne ? " On a beautiful autumnal afternoon, in the month of September, 1869, a large concourse of people gathered to witness the dedication of Diamond Grove Cemetery. On reaching the cemetery, the company gathered about a fine monument standing near the entrance. It is of white Italian marble, with a square base about three feet in diameter, and about three feet high above the pedestal to the shaft, which is of the same material ind eight feet in height, surmounted with a wreath, making the whole leight of the monument, from the foundation to the top of the shaft, thirteen feet. It is the first monument which strikes the visitor as he mters the enclosure, and its historic inscriptions at once explain the fact that the cemetery itself bears the same name given it by the first pioneers )f the county. On the eastern base of the monument appears the follow ing inscription : ISAAC FORT ROE, SON OF REV. OZEL ROE, OF WOODBRIDGE, N. J., Left New York for the West October 15, 1819, settled in DIAMOND GROVE, In February, 1820, Died October 12, 1821, AGED FORTY-EIGHT YEARS. ROE. The inscription on the western side reads : 1869. ERECTED BY THE COUMTY OF MORGAN, TO THE MEMORY OK ISAAC FORT ROE, One of three first settlers, and the first person who died in this county. Facing the drive- way, on the north side of the monument, is a bass-relief representation of him who sleeps beneath, in his pioneer Iress, with rifle on his left arm, and broad-ax in his right hand, while in the distance the pioneer's cabin is seen. On the south side of the monument the following historical sketch engraved : " An emigration society in the city of New York, October 12, 1819, appointed David Berdan, Isaac Fort Roe, and George Nixon, to explore the Western States and select places of settlement for its members. They left the city October 15, 1819, crossed the Wabash at Vincennes December 26, passed and named Diamond Grove January 23, 1820, in which he selected a place of residence, and in February built a log cabin and became one of the first three settlers in the county." Among the audience assembled were those who knew Mr. Roe, and mid testify to the facts narrated. Dr. Chandler, who attended him in 268 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. his last illness, and Mr. Huram Reeve, who had in his possession the nails used in making the linn-tree-coffin for Mr. Roe, were there. After appropriate exercises dedicating the cemetery and the monu- ment, Judge William Thomas read the following paper, prepared by him from facts, many of which were obtained from the journal of Mr. Berdan,. furnished by his son, Judge Berdan: " On the twelfth of October, 1819, a society was organized in the city of New York by the name of the New York Emigration Society, of which George D. Cooper was secretary, the object of which was to provide for the exploration of such parts of the United States as might be adjudged desirable, and obtain information for the benefit of persons- intending to remove to those States. David Berdan (the father of our Judge James Berdan), Isaac Fort Roe, and George Nixon, were appointed the exploring committee, who were required to proceed to Buffalo, and from thence to and through the upper part of the State of Ohio, and through the States of Indiana and Illinois, on such routes as they might determine, and return by way of Pittsburg and Easton to the city of New York. The committee was required to purchase one section or two half sections, and the fractional part of one or more sections in the States of Ohio, Indiana, or Illinois, on some large creek or navigable river, 160 acres of which was to be laid out in village lots, four to the acre, including streets, and the residue in lots of five acres including roads and pass- ways. The committee was also authorized to purchase as many quarter sections of land as might be subscribed for, adjoining the land required to be laid out in village and out-lots. Eighty-five dollars were advanced to pay the first installment to the Government, and the expense of purchase. No member of the society was allowed to subscribe for more than ten village lots, two out-lots, and four quarter sections of land. The price of village lots was fixed at two dollars each, and of out-lots at twelve dollars each. The committee left New York on the 15th of October, 1819, and traveling by the routes required, reached Vincennes on the 20th of December, the ground being covered with snow, which had fallen the previous night to the depth of nine inches. They crossed the Wabash River on the 20th ; crossed the Mississippi River on the ice -to St. Louis on the 31st, leaving their horses at ' Boullard's Inn,' in Illinois. On the 5th day of January, 1820, they visited Edwardsville, where they remained in consequence of rain and continued snow storms, until the 12th, when they left for the mouth of the Illinois River. That day they reached Judge Lofton's, in what is now Jersey County. The next day the judge accompanied them to the mouth of the Illinois, and they returned to his house that night. The next morning it was snowing violently, yet, notwithstanding the severity of the weather, the parties set out for the Sangamon country, and at four o'clock p. m. reached Hammon's, on one of the head branches of Macoupin Creek. ' This,' says the journal, ' proved a severe day for us, as the storm raged violently throughout the same. Hammon's house being in a very unfinished state rendered our situation very uncomfortable during the night. The floor we laid on before the fire was in a very unfinished state, and the stormy wind passing between the logs of the cabin annoyed us greatly.' The next day they reached the house of Isaac Keys, distant forty miles, ' situated in the edge of the timber land, on the east side of Sugar Creek, HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 269 about a mile below the mouth of Lick Fork.' That night they were visited again by a violent storm which continued through the next day, which being the Sabbath, the parties remained indoors. Starting on January 12th, they passed the heads of branches by a circuitous route to Brown's, on Lick Creek. From here, with Brown for a pilot, they passed around the heads of streams emptying into the Sangamon and Illinois Rivers, to Seymour Kellogg's, between Indian Creek and the Mauvaisterre. From here they passed the heads of the south branches of this creek to the timber of Sandy Creek, and from thence, pursuing a western course, they, on the 23d of January, 1820, passed this grove which they named ' Diamond Grove.' Continuing southwest they reached a small camp, recently entered by Stephen Olmstead, near what was formerly called Swinerton's Point, at the base of the mound on which Mr. Adam Allison now resides. This mound being covered with hickory, they named it 'Hickory Grove.' " They spent the night at this camp. The next day they set out, with Mr. Olmstead as a guide, the snow eighteen inches deep, for the mouth of the Mauvaisterre. They reached the hills and bluffs of that stream about three o'clock p. m., when their guide informed them ' that he had missed the way, and knew not where he was or how much farther they had to go to arrive at the mouth of the creek.' They then returned to the camp, where they remained that night. With reference to the region of country passed over between Kellogg's and the mouth of the Mauvaisterre and its supposed outlet, the journalist says : ' It appears as if nature intended this point as the grand outlet of this most fertile of all counties lying east of it, and which will in due time become the most populous and wealthy section in the United States.' " From this camp the party returned to Kellogg's, and from thence, by a circuitous route, through snow twenty inches deep, they arrived at Key's, where they remained during the night, and from this place they traveled the prairies between the streams running into the Sangamon River ; crossed the river on the ice a short distance below the junction of .the north and south forks, and after exploring the country north and south of the river, they returned to Mr. Key's, and then by a circuitous route, passing the heads of creeks and branches, they returned to Edwards- ville, where they remained until the 7th of February, when they sepa- rated. Messrs. Berdan and Nixon started for New York, Mr. Roe for the ' Diamond Grove,' the place selected for the future residence of himself and such of his friends as might be induced to follow him. " In this month of February he put up a log cabin for his residence, and subsequently made a small improvement. His earthly home was in this grove until October 12th, 1821, when, at the age of forty-eight years, he departed to that world of spirits to which we are all hastening. He was the son of the late Dr. Ozel Roe, of Woodbridge, New Jersey. Dr. Chandler, his attending physician, in a recent letter says : ' He was a man of highly cultivated mind, of religious tastes and habits, and of gently, pious character.' Referring to his burial, he says : ' There was not a plank to be had to make a coffin. Judge Wilson and others cut a tree, split out puncheons, hewed and planed them, and made as yood a coffin as they could under the circumstances. He had no relations to mourn his loss ; no sermon was preached, no prayers were said, scarcely D 270 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. a word was spoken ; but silent and sad we deposited his remains in the grave.' " Mr. Roe had never been married. He had been a merchant in the city of New York, and, having sustained a heavy loss by failures of customers, reducing his means below what he thought essential to success in busi- ness, he came West. His companions, David Berdan and George Nixon, also merchants, had been more fortunate ; their losses during the crash of 1818 and 1819 had not so reduced their capital as to make it necessary to seek new places of business. "Now, to perpetuate the memory of Mr. Roe as one of the first settlers in the county, the first in this grove, and the first to die in the limits of the present Counties of Morgan, Cass, and Scott, and the fact connected with his settlement and death, Messrs. Joseph Morton, Huram Reeve, Judge Whitelock, and myself, acting by appointment of the County Court, have caused this monument to be erected." This narrative states that Mr. Roe was one of the first three settlers in the county. He was said to be the first to erect a log cabin therein, but had been preceded by two others. They were Seymour and Elisha Kellogg, who probably erected what is known as rail-pen cabins. These two had penetrated to the territory, now comprising Morgan County, in the Autumn of 1819, and had a camp at the grove where they were found by the three explorers, to whom they furnished corn for their horses, and shelter for -themselves. One of them also piloted the adventurers to Mauvaisterre Creek, but, as the narrative shows, became bewildered, and the entire party returned to the camp. Jeddediah Webster, a soldier of the war of 1812, who passed up the Illinois River to the mouth of Mauvaisterre Creek, often spoke of assisting to build the first cabin in this county referring to the one built by Mr. Roe. This assertion being true, there were in the Winter of 1819-'20, in the confines of the three counties often alluded to in these pages, all of whom afterwards were included in Morgan County, four settlers. They were the Kelloggs, Mr. Roe and Mr. Webster. It was during the Spring of 1820 that the first ground was broken here for the purpose of cultivation. During the same Spring the following persons are known to have located in this then western wilds : John and William Wyatt, Isaac Reeve, James B. Grain, Isaac Dial, Thomas Smith, James Deaton, Robert James, Jesse Ruble, Ancil Cox, Joseph Buchanan, Samuel Scott, Isaac Edwards, Archibald Job, Stephen Olmstead, Michael Arthur, James Buckley, Aaron Wilson, and Isaac Smith. Mr. Reeve settled on Sandy, southwest of the Diamond Grove on what has since been known as the Deed's farm. Being a blacksmith he brought with him his anvil, hammers, and bellows. As the season advanced and the plows of the infant settlements began to need sharpening, Mr. Reeve extemporized a blacksmith shop, the first in the county, in the open air. His anvil was fastened to a stump and his bellows to two saplings, his forge being a very primitive affair. To this shop the neighbors, though many of them lived miles away, came to get their little jobs of smithing done. It has been claimed by some of the early residents about Winchester, in Scott County, then a part of Morgan, that their date of settlement precedes that of the settlers already named. This is evidently an error, as Mr. James Gilham, one of the oldest residents there, in a recent conversation with Mr. Huram Reeve, HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 271 narrates the fact of coming from that settlement on horseback carrying two plow shears to Mr. Reeve's airy shop for the purpose of having them sharpened. He remarked to Mr. Huram Reeve that he would not have done this had there been a shop in his own immediate neighborhood. Of the settlers we have named Messrs. John and William Wyatt settled on land now occupied by Alexander Edgemon. Mr. Deaton and his son Lewis made their claim about four miles northwest of the present city of Jacksonville, on the Meredosia road. Mr. James settled in the same neighborhood. During the same Spring, 1820, but somewhat later, settlements were made in two other neighborhoods. Mr. Swin- erton, Mr. Olmstead, and Mr. Pierce, fixed their location and com- menced improvement at Olmstead's Mound, now known as Allison's Mound ; and on the north fork of the Mauvaisterre settlements were made by Samuel Scott, and Seymour and Elisha Kellogg. The latter settled on the north side of the creek, and the first improvements were com- menced on what is now known as the Huffaker place, by Isaac Edwards. Mr. Buchanan settled near the head of the south fork of the Mauvaisterre. The same Spring Mr. Roberts and his sons settled at Island Grove. The Kelloggs with their families, being the first permanent settlers within what is now Morgan County, deserve a more extended notice. When the erection of the monument to the memory of Isaac Fort Roe, took place, it was supposed that he was one of the first three settlers in the territory of which we are writing. He was one of the three explorers passing through this region, as narrated in the article of Judge Thomas, and was the third settler in the present limits of the county. Mrs. Min- erva Richards, now living in Jacksonville, a daughter of Ambrose Collins, distinctly remembers the settlement of the Kelloggs. She states that in the Summer of 1818, her father, a native of Ontario County, New York, left his home with his family, a few articles of household furniture and provisions enough to last some time, came with two wagons to the Alleghany River, above its junction with the Susquehanna, where he procured a flat-boat on which he embarked his possessions, and proceeded down the Ohio River. His designation was the southern part of Illinois. On the way down the river he fell in with Seymour and Elisha Kellogg, who with their families were proceeding in a similar conveyance to the same destination. Mr. Collins and Seymour Kellogg had been acquainted in their native State. The latter had been a Colonel in the war of 1812, and was known by that title. At Shawneetown they disembarked and proceeded in their wagons to. Carmi, on the little Wabash River. They remained here during the winter, and the following summer. Early in the Autumn of 1819 they loaded their effects again into their wagons, and went oh westward to Edwardsville. Here Mr. Collins was taken sick and was compelled to remain through the winter. The Messrs. Kellogg with their families and Charles Collins, a son of Ambrose Collins, with their teams, some cattle and provisions for the winter, started for the Sangamo country. They followed a more northern route than that generally adopted by emigrants. Their only guide was the compass and a few indistinct trails, made by the roving Indians or adven- turous bee hunters. Late in the Fall of 1819, they arrived near the head B" Mauvaisterre Creek, erected two cabins arid made provisions for the inter, now rapidly approaching. The country lay about them in all its 272 HISTORY OF MOKGAK COUNTY. native wildness. No signs of life were seen, save foot-prints in the brown paths, worn by Indian feet ; and the shy, frightened birds, squirrels, or deer, that darted away into the wildwood, at the approach of the emigrants. No foot of white men save that of the adventurous scout, or wandering hunter, had pressed the sod of these wild prairies, or roamed through the trackless forests. Mauvaisterre Creek had not known the abode of a white man. Anxious to build homes where they could rest secure, and where they could gather the fruits of a life-time, these pioneers braved the dangers of a frontier life and founded their homes where now are : " spacious mansions firm and strong, In place of forests dark and dense: And now instead of underbrush Runs many a line of even fence. " But times will change ! The verdant hills Are covered o'er with growing grain; And white men till the fertile soil, Where once the red man used to reign. " The Indian's voice is hushed and still ; Existing but in Mem'ry's hall, Where now with echoes of the Past We hear his war-whoop rise and fall ! " The winter of 1819 and '20 proved to be an unusually severe one. The long grass of the prairies had been destroyed by fires lighted by the Indians or hunters, and much of the undergrowth in the woods was destroyed by the same element. Before the close of the winter, the provisions gathered by them for their stock, from places where it had escaped the ravages of the fire, gave out and they were compelled to cut down trees, from the boughs of which the cattle and horses could procure a scanty supply of food. Many of these wandered away and were lost, while several of them died from the effects of cold and hunger. The supply of food for themselves and families proved to be sufficient, yet their suffering from the cold was often intense. Mr. Seymour Kellogg in his search for some of his stock, one* bitterly cold night, lost his way and saved his life only by walking vigorously between two trees standing- several rods apart. He did not dare to leave this track during the night for fear of being irrecoverably lost. He did not know how far he was from either his own or his brother's cabin.- On the appearance of day-light, he found himself about two miles from the latter place, to which he immediately repaired. His feet were badly frozen during the night, making him a cripple for several months. Early in the spring Charles Collins returned to Edwardsville with his wagon and team, to aid his father, should he be sufficiently recovered, in bringing his family to the new settlement. It was just before his start to Edwardsville that the three explorers, whose names and explorations we have already recorded, came,, and one of them, Mr. Roe, settled at the place to which he gave the name " Diamond Grove." Mr. Collins with his family started on their journey about the first of March. On the way they were compelled to camp out two nights, there being no settlers be- tween Edwardsville and their destination. On their arrival, they re- mained one night with Seymour Kellogg, and then went to an unfinished cabin, erected by Mr. Olmstead, who had been exploring this country, HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 273 and had built the cabin entered temporarily by Mr. Collins. The location not being a desirable one, Mr. Collins selected his claim, erected a cabin thereon as soon as possible, and moved his family to it. When Mr. Olm- stead returned with his family, he was not satisfied with the claim he had selected, and chose another, afterwards known as " Olmstead Mound," where he made his permanent home. In 1820 Dr. George Caldwell, the first physician in the county, located. We have now fully described the earliest settlement in what is now Morgan County. We have also stated the names of others who came here during the spring of 1820, and noted the places of their settlement. We have described at some length the settlement of the Kelloggs Charles Collins being then a young man, not making a claim or founding a home for himself, can hardly be termed one of the early settlers because they were the first settlers of the county, and deserve more than a pass- ing notice. The information can be relied on as correct, as Mrs. Richards distinctly remembers the emigration and settlement of these families. These and the other pioneers came from the southern part of the State, generally about Edwardsville, where some had remained but a short time on their journey to a western home. They came in emigrant wagons over the unbroken prairies, through the wild forests, fording unbridged streams, and encamping wherever the shades of night overtook them. They were seeking a home that in old age would afford them protection and comfort. Upon reaching their destination, their first care was the erection of a cabin in which to shelter themselves and their families. As these primitive abodes were generally built alike by all pioneers, we will note hastily their manner of construction. A site was generally selected under the shelter of the timber, near a spring or running stream. And / soon " the ax rang sharply 'mid those forest shades which, from creation, toward the sky had towered, in unshorn beauty." Suitable trees were selected, which, after being felled, were cut into proper lengths with the ax. The lengths, after being split open with the maul and wedge, were rived into clapboards, to be used in covering the cabins. These boards were held to their places on the roof by weight-poles laid on them as each layer was placed, the eave-pole being pinned fast, and each succeed- ing weight-pole up to the comb being kept from slipping toward the eave by blocks placed at each end and in the center between them. The rail cabin being raised and covered, a door was cut out, jams pinned on, and a clapboard door made and hung with wooden or leather hinges, to be fastened, when closed, with a latch or pin. Dry grass was then collected for under bedding, clapboards fastened over the cracks, or bed-quilts hung up over the walls to keep out the wind and rain. The next pro- ceeding was to mark out the boundaries of each claim, each settler being entitled, under the rules of the frontier, to so much land as he thought he could pay for when the land came into market. The claim lines were marked by blazing the trees through the timber with an ax, and driving stakes into the ground at short distances over the prairie. The lines thus established were respected by new comers, and if they did not hap- pen to correspond with the government surveys when made, the claim title of the settler to parcels cut off or divided was not affected, and transfers were often made between neighbors after the land had been entered, in order to make the old claim lines good to each particular owner. The 274 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. next step was to mark out five or ten acres of ground in the young tim- ber skirting the prairie, as a patch for the first crop of corn. The timber land was selected as being better fitted for immediate cultivation, and more easily broken than the tough, wild prairie sod. The work of making rails for fencing was now commenced, to be followed by the clearing, grubbing, and breaking of the ground, and planting of the crop. The corn having been planted in the fresh soil, required but little further at- tention for some time, enabling the settler to finish his fencing, which was usually done at this period and during the intervals of working the crop. This was the experience of the pioneer settlers of Morgan County during the first season. The settlers mentioned as locating in 1820, brought with them suffi- cient provision to last them until the crop could be gathered. It happened however, that Mr. Deaton and his son exhausted their supply of corn meal and bacon sometime about the first of June, compelling them to leave their partly made crop and travel a distance of eighty-five miles, to Ed- wardsville, to renew their supply. The journey was made chiefly at night, to avoid the greenhead flies of the prairie, which would, in the day time, almost bleed a team to death. Shaping their course by the stars, and without a road or trail, they started on the trip provisionless. Their first camping place was on Apple Creek. The country had been pretty well cleared of game by the Indians, but here they were fortunate enough to kill a squirrel, which they roasted at their camp fire. During the next day they succeeded in killing a deer near where the town of Jerseyville now stands, and thus they were enabled to reach Edwards- ville in excellent condition and good spirits. They returned with a sufficient quantity of provisions to last until their crop of corn was gathered. Although, at this period, game was exceedingly scarce, having been killed out or driven off by the Indians, bees were abundant, and in the fall, after the corn crop had been made, the first settlers reaped a rich harvest in honey and wax, the latter constituting at that time, in connec- tion with furs, the circulating currency of the frontier. Successful bee hunters would often find a half dozen or more bee trees in one day. In later years Mr. Wyatt is known to have found twelve bee trees in one day. The wax, when a sufficient quantity was collected, was taken to Edwards- ville, or St. Louis, and bartered for articles of household use. Wax or coon skins was about the only money in use among the settlers. Diamond Grove was a favorite resort for bees, the luxuriant prairies abounding with wild flowers afforded them a rich field from which to gather their stores. Honey was commonly used to sweeten tea and coffee, and, until maple sugar was made, was indeed the only article kept by the settlers for such purposes. The common query of the good housewife now is, "do you take sugar in your tea or coffee?" Then it was, do you take honey in your tea or coffee ? If the land did not flow with milk and honey it cer- tainly abounded with the latter, and to the settlers was an article greatly prized. As the new corn began to harden it was made into coarse meal for family use by rubbing the ear on a tin grater until the grains were rasped off close to the cob. Of this meal bread, very sweet and palatable, was made. -The work of grating was very laborious, and the youngsters of that day would often spend an unwilling evening hour in preparing meal on this HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 275 old grater for the family use. Late in the autumn, after the corn became hard enough to grind, Isaac Fort Roe and Jedediah Webster con- structed a hand mill at " Diamond Grove," to which the settlers repaired to grind their corn. Like all other mills of this class it was quite prim- itive in its construction. Two stones of the kind known as " lost stones," some two feet in diameter were procured; these were dressed into mill-stone shape and a hole drilled in the center of the one intended for the upper stone, which, by an ingenious contrivance, was made to revolve on the lower. A hole was drilled in the upper side of the top stone, near the outer edge, into which a short handle was inserted. By this means it was revolved the same as a common mill-stone. While the stone was turned with the right hand, the left was used in slowly pouring the corn into the center hole. When the corn was ground it worked its way out from between the stones, where it was caught in a vessel used for that purpose. If the grater required strength and tired its operator, the hand mill was little better in this regard. It would, however, grind much more rapidly and produce a finer quality of meal. This mill could be changed into a horse mill by fixing it firmly between two posts and attaching a sweep to it. Another contrivance for making meal was the mortar; this was made by burning or excavating the end of a stump or log. As the hole in the stump or log became deeper, it was narrowed until it came to a point. A pestle was made to fit closely into this aperture; in the end of the pestle an iron wedge was fixed. When the pestles were made of great weight they were attached to a sweep, made like a well sweep; by this means they could be raised and dropped into the mortars. Meal 1 was made in this manner by simply breaking or pounding the corn until it was thoroughly pulverized. The mortar in this country was probably the invention of the Indians, as it was in use when discovered by the white men. The hand mill is spoken of in the Bible, and is probably as old as the world. After the hand mill and mortar came the hoi'se mill, made after various plans, which, in its day, was considered a great improvement on its primitive predecessors. During the first years of the settlement of Morgan County, the pioneers of that time, did they desire better accommo- dations than that furnished at Diamond Grove, were compelled to go to Edwardsville, eighty-five miles away. The settlers were greatly dependent on each other during this period, and were noted for their hospitality and kindness toward one another and to strangers. Their latch strings were always out, and though frugal their fare and humble their accommodations no one was ever allowed to go away hungry or uncared for. Long journeys would have to be made to procure tools to use in their daily avocations. It was not uncommon for men to go fifteen or twenty miles for an iron wedge, an ax, a chain, or any such articles when needed. The rail cabins built by the settlers afforded shelter only during the summer months. After the corn and other crops were well cultivated and laid by, as the settlers termed it, each one made preparation to erect for himself a comfortable log cabin. Logs of the proper length were chopped, puncheons and clap-boards were split, and necessary prepara- tions made to erect these frontier habitations. As the manner of constructing these cabins has been described in the article on Agriculture, 276 HISTOKY OF MORGAN COUNTY. printed elsewhere in these pages, it is unnecessary to repeat the descrip- tion here. The raising of these cabins was always the occasion of a neighborhood gathering, each one of the pioneers deeming it not only a duty but a pleasure to assist his neighbor in establishing a home. By the time the crops were gathered all the pioneers we have mentioned were provided with homes, and the settlement of Morgan County had become a reality. Aside from the settlers already mentioned, no others are known to have settled here during the Summer of 1820. Late in the Autumn of that year Mr. John Bradshaw visited the settlement, and marked out his claim on what is now known as the "Chestnut" farm, lying a mile southeast of the present city of Jacksonville. He did not, however, remain during the winter or make any improvements until the following spring, when he returned and began cultivating his claim. Gen. Murray McConnell, a gentleman afterwards well known throughout the county, and who has held many important offices of trust in the State, also made his first visit to the new settlement in the Autumn of 1820. He made his settlement on the place now owned and occupied by Milton Riggs, Esq., in what is at present known as the Gilham Neigh- borhood, within the present limits of Scott County, but did not commence improvements or remove his family to his claim until the following spring. Under date of July 11, 1867, Murray McConnell contributed to the columns of the Jacksonville Sentinel, a highly interesting sketch, descriptive of the valle} 7 of the Illinois River and its early settlement. After some prefatory remarks he says : " Take as one diversion of the State, the valley of the Illinois River, including all the country drained by that stream and its tributaries : then the reader can cast his eye over the map and see that said river drains nearly one-third of the surface of the State, properly known as central Illinois. " You might say, without fear of successful contradiction, that a more fertile and beautiful region of land of the same size, lying in one body, can not be found on the continent of America. The river and its tributaries pass from the east-north-east to the west-south-west, fully across the State, draining about an equal amount of country on each side, formed into long arms of beautiful, dry, rolling, fertile prairie lands, and csfresponding lines of timber land, much narrower in width than the prairie land, but so distributed as to be convenient to any section of prairie land. The surface of the timber land is equally rolling and healthful as the prairie ; and upon every section of the timber and prairie living water may be had. " This Illinois River is the central water line of the great upper valley of the Mississippi. It lies and runs in a deeper groove in the earth than any other river emptying into the Mississippi. The fortieth degree of north latitude crosses it in Cass County, about midway of its course across the State, and on that line of latitude the country rises as you follow it east from this river to the Alleghany Mountains, and west to the Rocky Mountains : there not being one spot of land or water on that line east or west from that river that is not higher than the land near the mouth of Indian Creek, near where the line of north latitude crosses the river. As an evidence that this river lies deeper in the earth than any HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 277 other stream in the upper valley, it is known that it is the last river to freeze at the beginning of winter, and the first to thaw in the spring, among all the streams in the valley crossed by that line of latitude. " This fact accounts for the total absence of extensive swamps and morasses in the valley of this river, such as are found upon the upper portion of the Wabash valley, in Indiana. The central hydraulic groove is cut so deeply in the earth that all the adjacent country is drained ; yet living springs of pure and healthful water abound in all its parts. " Why so beautiful, rich, and. healthly a country should have remained unsettled so long occupied only by savage men and wild beasts while the sterile hills and rocks in the freezing climate of New England, and some similar parts of the Middle States, became densely populated, is a question which arises, but which I will leave others to solve, and will now turn my attention to the history of the first settlement of the valley by white men. " It is known by those who have looked into this question, that the first white inhabitants and Christian civilized people that located any- where in the country now known as the State of Illinois, came in the seventeenth century, from France, by way of Quebec and Montreal, up the line of the lakes to Mackinaw, and up Lake Michigan across into the Illi- nois River : all the way by water, and down that stream to the Mississippi, and across the country and down the Wabash River, and formed the settlements at Peoria, Kaskaskia, Kahokia, Dupro, Carondalet, and St. Genevieve, on the Mississippi River, and Vincennes on the Wabash River. " The French also afterward came by way of New Orleans. No set- tlements worthy of note were made on this long line from Detroit to- Kaskaskia with a view to a permanent location, for many years after these last-named settlements were made. Trading-houses were established as depots of commerce with the Indians at many places ; but no farms were made and houses built with a view to a permanent settlement. The peo- ple were traders, navigators, trappers and hunters, and were people with- out homes, and were called by the French inhabitants ' voisseres.'* " This was the situation of the inhabitants of the country in the year 1775, or about that time, when some French inhabitants from Kaskaskia, being attracted by the beautiful lands on the western banks of Lake Peoria, near a trading-house some distance above, where the city of Peoria now is, made a permanent location with a view to building a village and farming a common field to raise grain, which was the French mode of set- tling the country. There was a tradition of there having been an earlier ettlement, and as early as 1717 the King of France made a grant of all he Mississippi country, including Illinois, to John Law ; and in 17*23 John aw granted thirty thousand acres to one Phillip Renaults, which was upposed to include this land on Lake Peoria, on the west side of the Illinois River. But the calls of the grant were evidently written out by a person who had never seen the country, and knew nothing about its localities, and were so vague and uncertain that the grant never could be located ; and consequently it is uncertain as to whether it included tliis land or not, and consequently it is doubtful whether any settlement was made here before 1775 by the French colony from Kaskaskia. 1 Whether the ancient settlement was made or not, it is certain that *Voyageurs. There are evidently a few misstatements in this letter of Mr. McConnell's. 278 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. in 1775 one John Bapties Malet, and several other French families, made a permanent settlement, and built houses and fenced and planted land at a place above the present city of Peoria, and in 1778 a settlement was made at the foot of the lake, where Peoria now stands. " Those settlements were permanent, and continued until the war of 1812, at which time a large number of Americans, as they were called, settled in the southern part of Illinois, opposite St. Louis, and south to the mouth of the Ohio. The French people took very little interest in the war. They were mostly traders, and spake the Indian language as well as they spake English, and often better. The Indians were allies of the English, and made war upon the Americans, but made no war upon the French. Thus it came about that the French were charged with aiding the enemy, and the French colony at Peoria was charged with furnishing the Indians with powder, and lead, and guns, to murder the whites down on Wood River, near where Alton now is ; the Indians having made a raid on that settlement and murdered several families, which occurred in 1813. " This induced Governor Edwards, who was governor under President Madison, to send a couple of keel boats with a company of militia, all Americans, up the Illinois River to Peoria. If the Indians and French had been disposed, they could have captured these boats and the men in a dozen places before they got to Peoria ; but the French people paid no attention to the movement, and did not seem to know that they were regarded as enemies. " When the boats arrived at Peoria, Captain Craig did not land at the village, but anchored out in the lake, and opened no correspondence with the people on shore. During the night, some three or four guns were fired from the shore, it was said at the boats, but nobody on board was hurt ; nor was it known whether Indians or French fired the guns, or whether they were fired at the boats. Be that as it may, Captain Craig made that an excuse for hoisting anchor and landing a short dis- tance above the village, and in the dark commenced an indiscriminate slaughter upon the sleeping inhabitants of the town, killing many and taking all the balance prisoners, and burning every house in town and country. No American was hurt, nor was an Indian found in the country. " The prisoners, women and children and all, were put on the boats and taken to St. Louis in triumph. That was the end, for the time being, of the Peoria settlement. "When the Peoria settlement was destroyed, in 1813, no white inhabi- tant was left residing in the valley of the Illinois River, or upon any of its tributaries. There was then a small stockade, a garrison of a few soldiers, and a few white settlers on the bank of Lake Michigan, where Chicago now is. This settlement was broken up by the Indians, and most of its inhabitants massacreed, that same year. This act at Peoria was made an excuse for all sorts of British and Indian barbarities on the Western frontier. " I have given you a historj'- of the first settlement by civilized man in the valley of the Illinois River the date of its beginning and its tragical -end. " I came to Illinois Territory in December, 1817, then a lad of sixteen years, and I have been in or about Illinois ever since. I have seen its HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 279 growth, and have been duly informed by the progress of all the settle- ments in the counties of the Illinois valley to this day. " In 1819 I went up the Mississippi 'and Illinois Rivers from St. Louis. I saw the burnt remains of the French settlement at Peoria. I went in the same boat, which was loaded with furs and peltry, across the country, from the Illinois River through the Oplain and Grass Lake into Lake Michigan at the mouth of Chicago Bay, now called Chicago River, where the great city of Chicago has since been built. "At the mouth of that river we met the other boats, from Mackinaw, loaded with Indian goods. We exchanged our furs, etc., for goods, and our boat returned over the same route. We went back to St. Louis, where, from some old papers I have, I find we landed on the 15th of May, 1819." About the same time that Gen. McConnell and Mr. Bradshaw settled on their claims, the Rev. Samuel Bristow, a Baptist minister, brought a colony, composed of the Box, Reid, Curlock, and Bosher, or Boyer, fam- ilies. These were organized into a church, which is in all probability, the first religious organization in what afterward became Morgan County. This little colony settled about five miles northwest of the present city of Jacksonville, in the vicinity of Box Creek, which derived its name from one of the families who settled near its banks, on what now is known as the McDonald farm. This Baptist Church continued in existence for many years, but the organization has for some time been disbanded. The preaching of the Rev. Samuel Bristow was probably the first religious services of this kind, held in the settlements. The Methodist ministers are generally found with the advent of settlements, and are almost always among the pioneers, proclaiming the good news of salvation. It is not definitely known whether any were here during the years of 1820 or '21. Mr. Huram Reeve, one of the earliest pioneers, and with his two brothers, the only men now living in the county, who located here in 1820, says, that the first Methodist preacher that he remembers being in the settlement, was the Rev. Joseph Easy. Rev. Samuel Thompson was the first presiding elder here, and held a camp meeting on Walnut Creek, within the present limits of Scott County, in 1822 or '23. Mr. Reeve remembers attending this camp-meeting, and thinks his recollection is correct. Mr. Levi Deaton afterwards familiarly known as " Father Deaton," in a letter to the Rev. Wm. Rutledge, of Jackson- ville, in regard to this subject, says : " The first sermon preached in the county, so far as I know, was by the Rev. John Glanville, at my father's house, in 1822. A class was then organized, consisting of my father and mother, and a brother named Johnson and his wife. The first quarterly meeting, was held the same } r ear at Father Jourdan's father of John and William Jourdan in the east part of Jacksonville. The first camp- meeting in the county, was held on Walnut Creek, near Lynnville, by Rev. Peter Cartright." At Father Jourdan's house, to which Mr. Deaton refers, were held' the first meetings of this denomination in Jack- sonville. The class formed there, grew into a church,which is now known as the Centenary Methodist Church of that city. Mr. J. R. Bailey, for seventeen years editor of the Illinois Sentinel, and afterwards of the Illinois Courier, wrote a history of the first few years of the county, which he published in his paper, several years since. In speaking of the 280 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Methodist Church, he says : " The first preacher, Rev. Joseph Basy, of the Methodist denomination, came into the settlement in 1821. He held meetings and preached occasionally at the houses of the settlers, until a regular circuit was established, a few years later." The Cumberland Presbyterians were also among the pioneers in religious organizations in the settlements. They had a camp-ground and church six or eight miles northeast of Jacksonville, and here they main- tained regular religious services for many years. No records of their organization can now be found, nor can any one now living remember the year when this church was founded. Mr. Huram Reeve remembers they were holding camp-meetings in 1824, and thinks their organization had been in existence but a short time. Others concur in this view, although some maintain that this church is as old as any in the county. The latter view is in all probability incorrect, for had such a church existed in 1821 or '22, it would have been well remembered by the settlers of that time. This church was probably organized about the year 1823, and though it does not exist at present was one of the oldest in the county. The season of 1820 is remembered as being remarkably dry. One of the settlers remembers that no considerable fall of rain occurred from April, 1820, to the same date the following year. A good crop of corn and other field products, owing to the natural richness of the soil, and the heavy dews, was however grown. The next season considerable cotton was raised, and a cotton gin erected by Mr. Johnson, on the farm now owned by C. M. Dewey, Esq., on the Meredosia road. To this gin the neighbors from far and near brought their raw cotton to have it ginned. Esquire Sears, who with Mr. Johnson and some others settled early this year, is reported to have raised one thousand pounds of cotton on four acres. The cotton when woven with hemp or flax made an excellent article of clothing. Until cotton and flax was raised the clothing of the settlers in some cases gave out, and they were compelled to supply the deficiency as best they could. Deer skins, when properly tanned, made a good article of clothing, much worn by the early pioneers. As soon as cotton and flax could be raised they were spun and woven into cloth by the women, who used the spinning wheels, often brought from their former homes, and the old-fashioned wooden loom. To have a good supply of spun and woven articles with which to begin housekeeping was one of the aims of the majority of the young ladies of that day ; and considering the necessities of the times was an aim worthy of commendation. A corresponding desire existed among the }^oung men to have a home in readiness, and to be "a good provider." During the spring of 1821, a storm occurred, in which a tree was blown down upon the roof of the cabin of James Crane. The roof was crushed in, and Mrs. Crane was badly injured. One of her arms was broken and one shoulder was put out of place. The broken arm was set by a man named Langworthy, but his limited medical knowledge did not lead him to discover that the shoulder was out of place, and in consequence Mrs. Crane remained ever afterward a cripple. It was during the summer of 1 821, that Dr. Ero Chandler located and began his practice. He erected his house and office on the ground now occupied by the Grace M. E. Church, in Jacksonville. He proved a HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 281 useful man in his profession, and in after years accumulated considerable property. It is related of him that he came into the settlement on a broken down horse, and with but the single suit of clothes he was wearing. When in his pedestrian visits to his patients his clothes were rent by underbrush or briars, he was accustomed to borrow a needle and thread and repair the damage himself. His medical fees would be regarded as exceeding moderate these times, his charge for a visit made on foot and not occupying a whole day being seventy-five cents. When the visit occupied a day, and he had to borrow a horse to accomplish the distance, his charge was a dollar. But the doctor prospered with the growth of the country, and he afterward owned the eighty acres of ground in Jacksonville on which the Academy stands, and on which Chandler's Addition was platted, now occupied by many of the most valuable residences in the city ; and by him the Rockwell House was built. His memory is warmly cherished, and his usefulness remembered by the early settlers. " Point or Turn-round " Brown built the first tavern in the county in 1821, at a place about seven miles south of the present county seat, on what was then the St. Louis road, afterward the upper road. The ac- commodations afforded by this tavern would not compare favorably with those furnished by the hotels of to-day. The sleeping arrangements con- sisted of two beds, one of which was occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Brown, and the other a large square bedstead, in which the children slept. The children were placed with their feet to the center and their heads out on the four sides, thus enabling them to economize sleeping space. Trav- elers of that day usually carried a few bed quilts with which they *' turned in " on the floor ; but when a bed was called for at the tavern, the old folks gave up their bed and crowded in with the children. The first bridge in the county was built this Summer (1821) over the Mauvaisterre Creek, at a place east of the city on the Springfield road, where Rock bridge now stands, by Col. Joseph Morton, Mr. Levi Deaton and a few others. The long sills intended to span the creek, were drawn to the bank by cattle, and the work of getting them to their place was accomplished by splicing together a sufficient length of log chain to reach across the creek, one end being attached to the sill and the other stretched to the opposite bank, where the oxen were hitched to it and the sill drawn over to its place. Split puncheons were then pinned on the sills for flooring, and the bridge was finished, to be used until the next flood carried it off, when the work had to be repeated. The section of country drained by streams heading in the Grand Prairie, and emptying into the Illinois River between Alton and Peoria, was known as the Sangamo* country. By this name it was known in the South and East, and at the time of the settlement of the part comprised in Morgan County, it was the destination of all emigrants to the central or southern part of the State. It must be remembered by the reader, that at the time of which we are writing it was a part of Madison County, and that the State was at this time but a few years old. It will also be borne in mind that in *The word "Sangamo" is of Indian origin, and was given this country by the Potta- watomies, as expressive of their idea of the country. It meant in their language " a land where there is much plenty." v \ 282 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. the early formation of Morgan County it included the present Counties of Scott and Cass. It will be therefore be fitting to include in these pages some sketches of the early settlers in what is now embraced in these two counties. Mr. Archibald Job, of whom mention is made in the Political history of this county, settled on what has since been called Job Creek, in Cass County, in the year 1820. Mr. Job at that time was accustomed to regard the Diamond Grove settlement as in his immediate neighbor- hood, and frequently visited the primitive blacksmith shop of Mr. Isaac Reeve at that place. Here, while waiting to have his smithing done, he, as well as others, was in the habit of learning the general news of the settlement and in discussing the topics of the day. As there was no rapid means for the transmission of news the discussion generally related to neighborhood occurrences. The little shop became thereby like country stores and village post-offices now-a-days the headquarters for collecting and distributing news. Not only was Mr. Job one of the pioneers of 1820, but he was the first representative of Morgan County in the legislature under the county organization, and afterwards served in the State Senate. During a long and active public career he was a prominent man in the county, and when the seat of government was removed from Vandalia to Springfield, he superintended the erection of the new State House. It is related of him that he fenced his first corn patch in 1820, by felling saplings around his clearing so that they inter- locked, thus forming a line of rough fence which protected his first crop. Mr. Job, after an active life, died on the farm where he first settled when he came to this county, at the good old age of ninety years. The settlers of 1819, '20, '21, and '22 have already been mentioned. Some account of their privations is given, and the difficulties they en- countered in founding their homes. Enough had now gathered to form a settlement worthy of note by the State legislators, and at the session of that body in the Spring of 1823, Morgan County was created. It had formerly been part of Greene County, and when erected was attached to J}hat commonwealth for judicial purposes. No one can now tell how the name Morgan was given to the new county; probably some aspiring- legislator, wishing to perpetuate the memory of a friend of that name* arose when the act was presented and moved it be called Morgan and it was thus christened. Emigration was great to the Sangamo country during the intervening" years between 1822 and the "Deep Snow." To give the names of all who located during that time is impossible. The principal families, how- ever, were those of Jonathan Atherton, Thornton Shepherd, Rev. John Breach, James Mears, George Hackett, Henry Wiswall, Jacob Deeds, Daniel Daniels, William Jackson, Elijah Bacon, Jacob Redding, Mont- gomery Pitner, William C. Posey, John Redfern, Aaron Wilson, Daniel Richardson, William Hays, William Huffaker, Sr., Mr. Buckingham, William Scott, Mr. Scroggin, Sr., Abner Vanwinkie, James Evans, Sr., James Green, Andrew Karns, Elder Sweet, and Peleg Sweet. Mr. J. R. Bailey, in his history of the county, published in the Senti- nel, while he was its editor, gives a condensed resume of the earliest years of Morgan County. Although it repeats, in a manner, some facts before stated, it is well worth preserving, and is here given. He says : HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 283 44 Martin Lindsley settled at Camp Hollow, since known as the Fisher Place, near Beardstown ; and Timothy Harris and John Catrough accompanied him. Harris settled on the north side of the creek opposite the Bluff House; but Catrough remained with Lindsley for some time afterward, and during a prairie fire came near losing his life, his jeans clothing being burned to a crisp. On December 20, 1820, Julia A. Lindsley, daughter of Martin Lindsley, was born ; supposed to be the first white child born in the county. In 1821 Mr. Lindsley moved to Peoria, where he remained one season, then proceeded down the river and stopped for a time at the mouth of the Mauvaisterre, from thence return- ing to Camp Hollow. He was killed by the caving in of a well in the year 1830 ; his family remained at Camp Hollow until 1855. " Mr. Thomas Beard came to Beardstown in 1820, but did not com- mence improving until 1822. It is related that he built his cabin over a den of snakes, and for some time the inmates were annoyed by the rep- tiles crawling through the crevices of the puncheon floor. In 1826 he married Miss Sarah Bell, I. R. Bennett, Esq., of Emerald Point, perform- ing the ceremony. After the location of the seat of justice at Beardstown, it became an important shipping point, and Mr. Beard became wealthy. Elisha Lenn, Mr. Waggoner, Simeon Lenn, Solomon Bery, John Baker, and Nathaniel Herring were among the earliest citizens of Beardstown. " The first steamboat ascended the Illinois River in 1826, the river being navigated, prior to that time, only by keel-boats, flat-boats, and canoes. 44 Bees were very plenty, and two of the settlers, Messrs. Buckleman and Robinson, collected in 1824 fourteen barrels of honey, selling the wax for money enough to enter their claims. 44 Mauvaisterre Creek is said to have been named by the early French voyagers on' the Illinois River. Indian Creek is supposed to have been named by the early rangers under General Whitesides, from the fact that while pursuing a marauding band they killed an Indian on that stream, in 1814. Archibald Job, subsequent^, for many years a noted public man, settled on Job Creek, in Cass County, in 1820. With his family he left Pittsburg on a keel-boat, on the 30th of October, 1819, and landed at St. Louis early in February, 1820, having been obstructed some time by ice. Leaving the keel-boat in charge of his wife and children, Mr. ~ob came up the river located his claim and built a cabin. He broke welve acres the first season, fencing it by felling saplings with their tops terlocked. About the 12th of May, 1820, David and Thomas Blair ettled in Mr. Job's neighborhood, and during the same season went for heir families. On the authority , of Mr. Job, it is understood that the rst Baptist preacher was Rev. Samuel Bristow ; Rev. William Sims and ev. William Crow being next in order. The first camp-meeting was held at the head of Walnut Creek, near James Gillham's farm, in 1826 ; Rev. Mr. Thompson being the presiding elder, assisted by Rev. Peter Cart- wright. The first Cumberland Presbyterian church in this county was or- ganized by Rev. John Berey. Mr. I. F. Rbe was the first settler in the vicinity of Jacksonville, in 1820. He made his claim at the Diamond Grove, but afterward sold to Joseph Coddington and settled on the Couch place, where he shortly after died, and was the first white man buried in the 284 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. county. He had no family, and his remains now rest in the new ceme- tery. " Alexander Wells, James Gillham, and Alexander Bell were the first settlers in the ' Gillham neighborhood.' " Mr. Keller was one of the settlers of 1821, and was killed by the Regulators. " In the year 1820, Mr. Thomas Arnett settled near the present reservoir for the Insane ; he was the first justice of the peace in the county, and one of the proprietors of Jacksonville. He sold his first claim to John Leeper and moved to the Loar place. " Col. Joseph Morton and John Bradshaw came to Morgan County in 1820, and located claims, but did not remain. They returned the next season and commenced improvements. Col. Morton used a wooden cart in which there was no iron to be found when hauling his rails and doing farm work. They fenced eighteen acres the first season. Mrs. Minnie Conover settled on Indian Creek about 1821. The public lands in this section were surveyed in 1821 and brought into market in 1823. Mr. Charles Robertson settled at the head of the southern fork of Mauvais- terre Creek in 1820 ; his money capital was twenty-five cents, and he invested that in whisky to make bitters for curing the ague. He hunted bees for a time, and sold wax enough to enter the first eighty acres. He afterward became wealthy. " Miles Wood settled the Posey place, adjoining Jacksonville on the east. " The first school taught regularly in the county, was held at Isaac Edwards' farm, on the Springfield road now owned by John Shuff Mr. Palmer being its teacher. " After Rev. Joseph Basey, Rev. John Miller was the first local Methodist preacher, but Rev. Newton Pickett rode the first Methodist circuit established in the county. Rev. Levi Springer traveled from Indiana to Morgan County, Illinois, in company with his wife, each on horseback, in the fall of 1823. From Paris they started on the ' lost trace,' crossing the Grand Prairie to the head of the Sangamon River. They were two nights on the prairie, sleeping on the grass, with no pro- tection save their blankets, which they carried, the wolves howling all about them. Reaching Springfield, they found only a few cabins, and thence proceeded to Crow's Point, on Indian Creek, near which place they settled. " Abel Richardson and his sons Daniel and Benjamin settled on the Mauvaisterre in 1821, on the place now owned by Benjamin Richardson, three miles east of Jacksonville. During the same year Judge I. R. Bennett located at Emerald Point. He was one of the early justices, and performed the ceremony between Mr. Beard and his first wife. He after- ward served in the legislature, and as associate county judge. " Joseph Slattern settled in 1821, on the O'Rear place. In the year 1823 Enoch Marsh came, and afterward built the Exeter mills, being one of the proprietors of Exeter, and holding the first sale of lots, in the fall of 1828. " Roland Shepherd came to the county about 1821, and in 1823 built a band-mill, which was run by horse or ox power. It was located on what is now the William Taylor farm, situated on Indian Creek. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 285 "Beaton's mill was the next built, and Magill's mill was afterward erected on the northern fork of the Mauvaisterre. John Wyatt afterward built a horse-mill. " Rev. John Brich came to the county at a very early day, and left it many years ago. He perished in a winter storm in the wilds of one of the northern countries, while pursuing his missionary labors. Finding himself overcome by the cold, he took his will from his saddle-bags, signed it, and hung the saddle-bags on a bush. He was afterward found dead near the bush, the saddle-bags leading to the discovery. " The first census of Morgan County was taken by General Murray McConnell, in 1824 ; but the returns were lost with other county records by the burning of the first court-house. At that time, in a northeasterly direction from Crow's Point, the country was wilderness. Led by the barking of a dog in that direction, General McConnell found a family encamped ; but upon inquiry, and examination of a blazed line and wit- ness-tree, he found he was on the line of Sangamon County, and that the camp was in Sangamon. " The James Slattern place was settled in 1824 or '25, by Joseph Carter. Mr. Slattern established his home on the Rusk place, but bought and moved to Carter's improvement in 1827. During ' the deep snow,' which commenced to fall on the 14th of December, 1830, and remained until the 14th of February, 1831, Mr. Slattern was compelled to turn his cattle into the corn-field, having no corn gathered at the time. Allen I. Lindsey settled in Jersey Prairie in January, 1820, on a place since owned by John Crum. In 1826 Mr. Lindsey, one of the judges of the County Commissioners' Court, came, and for many years took an active part in public affairs. Jesse F. Barrows arrived and settled the William Steven- son place in 1829. " The first election under the county organization was held at Swin- erton's Point where the county -seat was temporarily located in August, 1824. The judges of the election were John Clark, Joseph Kline, and David Lieb ; Dennis Rockwell and Joseph M. Fairfield being the clerks. The county commissioners were elected for two years. The first board, elected in 1824, consisted of Seymour Kellogg, Peter Conover, and Thomas Arnett. The second commissioners, elected August, 1826, were James Deaton, Allen I. Lindsey, and James Gillham. The board elected in 1828 consisted of Joseph Fairfield, Samuel Rogers, and John Wyatt. The commissioners elected in 1830 were William Gillham, James Green, and William Woods. " The gross revenue of Morgan County from assessment in 1827, including $60 for fines, amounted to $804.10. For the year 1828, $940.68. For 1832, $2,209.66 an increase from 1827, five years, of $1,405.53. The assessment of 1866, thirty-nine years after that of 1827, foots up to $58,199.85. " The first Circuit Court was held in the log-cabin of Mr. Olmstead, at Olmstead's since Allison's Mound : John Reynolds, judge ; Dennis Rockwell, clerk ; Mr. Green, sheriff. The petit and grand juries held their deliberations in the open grove. The second term of the court was ()ld at Jacksonville, in a log-cabin built by Mr. Cox. " Jonathan Atherton settled in the vicinity of Arcadia, on Indian ' 286 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Creek in 1827. He taught a school during the first winter. In the fall of 1828 he moved to Adams County, but returned the following season. " Alexander Johnson located on Indian Creek, near Mr. Atherton, at about the same time, and the place is now owned by Henry Johnson, Esq., of Jacksonville ; he remembers that when a very small boy, the Indians used frequently to call at their house. During the Black Hawk war, mistaking for Indians a party of rangers who stopped for refresh- ments, he crawled under the bed, and finding a cat-hole leading under- neath the puncheon floor, he forced himself through and remained perfectly quiet until they had left. He then found it impossible to return in the same way, and it was necessary to take up a portion of the floor in order to get him out. " Rev Thornton Shepherd came to Morgan County from Tennessee, iu the Fall of 1830. He first stopped at the Jesse Barrows place, but soon after obtained the use of a large unfinished cabin on William Scott's farm, on consideration of finishing it. The fireplace was so large that it would take in a log nine feet long. Here Mr. Shepherd wintered with his family. About the middle of December, he had occasion to visit the northeast corner of Greene County, for the purpose of marrying a couple, and on his return was caught in 'the deep snow.' His sister-in- law accompanied him, both riding the same horse. It became too cold to ride, and they were obliged to walk through the deep snow, the journey occupying the entire day. The snow continued to fall, to a great depth ; covering the corn in the fields very little having been gathered and the settlers were compelled to turn in their stock to gather for themselves. Mr, Shepherd had nineteen head of cattle at the time, and threshed wheat with a flail for Mr. Magill, in exchange for the straw, which he had to haul home the best he could. As the threshing was obliged to be done in the open air, the tips of his fingers were frozen in the attempt to obtain straw for his cattle. " Mr. Shepherd bought a farm of Levi Fanning, and moved to it March 8th, 1831. He made his first well-bucket by chopping off a section of a log, boring an auger hole through it, and lengthening and enlarging the hole with a chisel until nothing remained of the block but a thin rim. He then fitted in a bottom. A split appearing in the side, he was compelled to take his bucket to Fielding Griinsley, the nearest blacksmith, to get it ironed. That individual, when questioned as to what he was doing, dryly replied that he was ' hooping Shepherd's folly.' Mr. Shepherd was a 'hardshell ' Baptist preacher, and was highly esteemed for noble traits of .character and strict rectitude. He remained on Big Sandy until his death, a few years since, and left a large family. " When the Robertson family came to Morgan County, in 1821, and struck the northern fork of the Mauvaisterre, where they settled, the only white men living on Indian Creek, were Roland Shepherd, who was settled at Taylor's Point, and his son, Peter Shepherd, who had made an improvement at Adams' Point. The Kelloggs had built two cabins in the neighborhood, in 1820, one on what is now known as the Roach place, and the other on the place settled by Alexander Robertson. They vacated these cabins and claims, for a location further west, in the Gillham neighborhood. The Kellogg cabin, on the Robertson place, was HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 287 burned down by a prairie-fire ; it was located on rising ground, west of a pond of water. " The first school-house in the settlement, was built a little south of the burnt cabin. A school was kept by a stern, old Yankee, a teacher of the olden type, named Soule. He was strict with his pupils, and first taught in Mr. Jones' kitchen,while the school-house was being erected. On the last day of school, his scholars demanded that he should treat or be turned out. He refused to do either, and a fight ensued. One of the pupils knocked him against the log mantel, and all the large boys piled on him; but he was stout and 'plucky,' and soon turned the tables on them, quelling the rebellion, and remaining master of the field. Mr.. Soule left the settlement, with his old mare and cart, and little wife, going west. Captain Bennett, Colonel Samuel Matthews, and Wm.. O'Rear, afterward each taught schools in the neighborhood all in log cabins. " The Corrington farm on the Mauvaisterre, was settled in 1821, by Mr. W. Miller. Stephen Jones settled the Cassell place, and Joseph Slattern made the first improvements on the O'Rear place. " Billy Robinson, an old, white-haired hunter, made an improve- ment north of Antioch Church, on which Bennett Jones afterward settled. Isaac Edwards and Mr. Scott located north of the Curts and: Reeve places. " John Anderson settled on the Lay ton place ; James Taylor taking the farm west of the Stephen Dunlap place, on the northern side of the north-fork. ' Mr. Murray was the first settler on the Dunlap farm, and Mr. S. Berey took possession of the quarter-section east of it. " Mr. Olmstead settled on the quarter-section east of Colonel! Matthews. All of the above setttlements were made in 1821. " Rev. Peter R. Boranau was one of the early Methodist preachers- in the county ; he became a noted revivalist, and died in Chicago, some- forty years ago." During the period between 1823 and 1827, there was a constant increase of emigration to Morgan County, principally from the southern Bounties of the State. The southern section of the State was called " Egypt," from the fact that the early settlers of the more northern counties were compelled to jo there for their corn and grinding. Hence, when the settlers of Mor- gan, Sangamon or Greene found themselves under the necessity of laking a trip to the southern counties for provisions, they called it "going down into Egypt;" and in consequence, that part of the State las ever since been known as Egypt. But little trouble with the Indians was experienced by the early set- tlers of Morgan County. There were none in its limits after tke white len entered, save straggling hunters or small roving bands who came ta some parts, especially those near the river, to fish or hunt. The western part of the county contains several Indian mounds of great antiquity. Just above Meredosia, on the east bank of the river, is a beautiful level plateau containing about fifteen acres. This was the village home of a- tribe of Indians, and it was here that Antoine D'Osia, a French priest from whom the lake and present town of Meredosia received its name, labored for the good of these sons of the forest. The Indian village and 288 HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. its dusky inhabitants have long since gone, but the name of D'Osia will live as long as Meredosia and its lake remain. During a visit of some Indians to Washington City, not many years ago, they stopped at Mere- dosia while on their way, where one of them nearly ninety years of age, related how he had roamed over various parts of the county, and pointed out many objects of interest to his companions. He also related to one of the citizens of Jacksonville, while they were encamped at the fair grounds, many interesting stories of his youthful days. He had hunted .and fished in the woods and streams near the present city, when no thoughts of the white man existed in his mind, and when he and his com- xades were sovereigns of this country. No depredations by the Indians were ever committed among the rsettlers of Morgan County, and no record of the killing of any white men after the settling of the county is known to have occurred. The set- tlers north of the Illinois River were, however, not so fortunate. In 1827 occurred what is known as THE WINNEBAGO WAR, Fully described in the following article, written by Judge William "Thomas, for the weekly Journal of August 17, 1871. As it gives an -accurate account of the participation of several Morgan County men in this conflict, it is worthy a place in the history of the county: " But few of the actors in this war remain among us. In 1827, General Edwards received information on which he relied, that the Winnebago Indians had attacked some keel-boats, which had been employed convey- ing army supplies to Prairie du Chien, on their return down ths river, and that settlers and miners on Fox River were in imminent danger of an attack from a band of these and other Indians. The general ordered * the commanders of the different regiments and odd battalions of General Harrison's brigade on the eastern side of the Illinois River excepting the 20th regiment to take immediate steps for detaching into service, according to law, one-fourth of their respective commands. And should any part of the frontiers south of Rock River be invaded by the savages, the colonel, entitled by law to command the detachment, was ordered to inarch with the least possible delay to the support of the point attacked, "without waiting for further orders.' " The governor also sent by express a messenger on horseback to Colonel Thomas M. Neale, of Springfield, commander of the 20tl regiment, an order saying: ' You will accept the services of any numbei of mounted volunteers, not exceeding six hundred, who will equip them- selves and find their own subsistence, and continue in service thirty days, .unless sooner discharged ; they will rendezvous at Fort Clark Peoria where you will organize and take the command of them, and march with all possible expedition to the assistance of our fellow-citizens at Galena, where, if you find an officer of the U. S. army entitled to a superior command to yourself, you will report to him and receive his orders. In your progress you will avoid rashly exposing your men to unequal contests, but it is expected that you will not overlook any proper opportunity of repelling any hostile incursions of the savages.' The facts reported to the governor on which he acted have never, as far as I have known, been made public. Acting upon this order of the governor, Colonel Neale HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 289 called for volunteers from the Counties of Sangamon and Morgan. Three- companies were raised in this county, one commanded by William B. Green, then sheriff of the county, numbering nearly one hundred, with John Wyatt first, and James Evans second lieutenant. Jesse Ruble was orderly sergeant. The second company was commanded by William, Gordan, and numbered not more than forty. Nathan Winter was first lieutenant. Captain RodgeiV command numbered the same as Captain Gordan 's. The names of the other officers I do not now remember. I was a volunteer in Captain Graves' company. My messmates were Doct- H. G. Taylor, McHenry Johnson, Enoch C. March, Samuel Blair, and a man named Biggs, a visitor from Kentucky. Of these I am the only survivor. We were required to take ten days' provisions, during which time it was expected we would make Galena, where additional supplies could be obtained. During our preparations to start we had constant,, heavy rains, which raised the rivers, creeks, and branches to an unusual height. The companies from this county made their way to Peoria in? messes and squads, swimming the streams not bridged. Upon the arrival of all the companies at Peoria, Colonel Samuel T. Matthews was elected! lieutenant-colonel, and Elijah lies, of Springfield, major, who, because- he rode a mule, was called the ; mule major.' So soon as organized we left Peoria. James D. Henry (afterward General Henry), was appointed adjutant, Dr. G. Jayne, of Springfield, surgeon, and Dr. Taylor assistant. William Smith, a merchant of Springfield, was appointed quartermaster, and I was quartermaster's sergeant. The heavy rains had extended to Rock River, and the prairies were so saturated with water, so that we could only travel in a walk, our horses breaking the sod at every step. Following a trail made by the Indians, and persons going to the lead mines, on the fifth day from Peoria we reached Rock River (now Dixon). During this march we had to drink the water standing in swamps, pools, and holes in the prairie. On reaching Rock River, seeing- that it was a beautiful clear stream, with a gentle current, we expected a good drink of water, but to our surprise we found it no better than the water of the swamps through which we had passed. Dozens were made sick by swallowing the water before tasting. We forded the river in the afternoon on a Sunday, those riding small horses swimming, and encamped oh the bank until the next day. Beyond the river we found the country- dry. By this time our ten days' provisions were almost exhausted we had in a baggage wagon only two barrels of flour, and some crackers, and nearly a barrel of whisky, which we divided that evening, and prepared for an early march the next morning. On the morrow we made an early- start, and about twelve o'clock we found a beautiful spring of clear water,, the first we had had since leaving Peoria, and of which we partook with a will. We took dinner here and let our horses graze for more than an hour ; we then continued the march until sundown, when finding a good spring we encamped, having marched, as we supposed, thirty-five or forty miles that day. The next day, by a forced march, we reached Gratiot's- Grove, fifteen miles from Galena, where we were unable to obtain supplies, and where we remained the next day, when we removed our encampment to the White Oak Springs, near a tavern house occupied by a Mrs. Nabb, from Springfield. We neither found or could hear of any officers of the U. S. army, nor of any hostile Indians. 290 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. " Capt. Smith of Sangamon, and Capt. Rodgers of this county, agreed to go to Prairie du Chien with a report from Col. Neale to the command- ing officer at that post. They started without a pilot or compass. They were gone several days and finally returned, reported that they had lost their way and had not been able to reach the garrison. The thirty days being then about expiring, and all apprehension from the hostility having -ceased, Col. Neale decided to disband the army ; the men were supplied with provisions enough to supply them home, and returned in companies, squads, and messes. During the Winter of 1826-7 and the Spring of 1827, .an immense number of adventurers and pioneers had gone to the Fox River country expecting to make fortunes by working the mines, who, upon the alarm that the Indians were threatening them, returned in haste by the first means or conveyance. Most of them came down the river, because it was not considered safe to attempt to pass down the land route, and here originated the name of ' sucker,' the fish of that name, it was .said, passed down the river at that season of the year, and citizens of southern Illinois were said in their flight to follow the example of the fishes." Referring to the origin of the term " Sucker," the following is taken from Davidson's History of Illinois : " On occasion of a pleasant entertainment at Petersburg, Virginia, Judge Douglas gave the following humorous account of the origin of the term ' Suckers,' as applied to Illinoisans ; the account is valuable further, and confers a proud distinction upon Illinois, in that it clears up all doubt regarding the discovery of that important and inspiring beverage called 4 mint julep,' a momentous question heretofore covered with obscurity and beset with many doubts, but now in the light of these facts, happily placed at rest. It is not improbable that a glass of the animating bever- age served to quicken the memory of the honorable Senator on the occasion : " About the year 1777, George Rogers Clark applied to the governor of Virginia, and suggested to him that as peace might be declared at any time between Great Britain and the Colonies, it would be well for us to be in possession of the Northwest Territory, so that when the commis- sioners came to negotiate a treaty, we might act on the well-known prin- ciple of uti possidetis, each party holding all they had in possession. He suggested to the governor to permit him to go out to the Northwest, conquer the country, and hold it until the treaty of peace, when we would become possessed of it. The governor consented arid sent him across the mountains to Pittsburgh. From there he and his companions floatec down the Ohio on rafts to the falls, where Louisville now is. Aftei remaining there a short time, they again took to their rafts and floatec clown to the Salines, just below the present Shawneetown, in Illinois. Here they took up their march across the country to Kaskaskia, where the French had an old settlement, and by the aid of a guide they reachec" the Oquaw River, and encamped near Peter Menard's house, some little distance from the town. You see I am well acquainted with the locality. Next morning, Clark got his little army of ragamuffins together (for they had no army wagons with supplies, no sutler, and no stores, and by this time looked ragged enough), and took up his line of march for the little French town of Kaskaskia. It was summer and a very hot day, and as HISTOEY OF MOEGAN COUNTY. 291 he entered the town he saw the Frenchmen sitting quietly on their little verandahs, in front of their houses, sucking their juleps through straws. He rushed upon them, crying, ' Surrender, you suckers, you ! ' The Frenchmen surrendered, and from that day to this Illinoisans have been known as ' suckers.' That was the origin of our cognomen, and when George Rogers Clark returned to Virginia he introduced the juleps here. Now I want to give Virginians fair notice, that when they claim the honor of a Jefferson, of a Madison, of a Marshall, and of as many other distinguished sages and patriots as the world ever saw, we yield ; when you claim the glory you achieved on the field of battle, we yield ; when you claim credit for the cession of the Northwestern Territory, that out of it Sovereign States might be created, we yield ; when you claim the glory of never having polled a vote against the Democratic party, we yield ; but when you claim the glory of the mint julep, hands off ; Illinois wants that." Another account of the origin of the name Sucker is attributed to the custom of early emigrants who, when passing through the State and find- ing a scant supply of water on the prairies, would thrust a sharpened stick three or four feet down into the loose, porous soil. A short time after the stick would be withdrawn, the hole would partially fill with water. The emigrant would then insert a long, hollow reed through which he would suck up sufficient water to quench his thirst. From the custom of sucking the water through these hollow tubes the early inhab- itants are said to have derived the appellation of Suckers. Still another source of the derivation of the term is given. It is related that one spring during the early settlement of the State, the rain fell in such abundance, and the ground remained so long wet after the corn had been planted, that the settlers raised very little if any corn, as it all grew to " suckers," and when the settlers who left the State were asked where they were from, were always ready to reply, " from the Sucker State." Of all the derivations of this sobriquet, the one given by Judge Thomas is probably correct, and most generally received. Leaving this digression and returning to the Judge's narrative, we find he proceeds as follows : " We found the flux prevailing as an epidemic all over the mining country. All the doctors in the country were constantly engaged. The extent of the fatality I had no means of knowing, but there was neces- sarily much suffering for want of medical and other attendance among the sick, and many deaths. " During that campaign many incidents of amusement occurred, ilthough the march through mud and water was by no means pleasant, either to man or beast. We had several false alarms from the night sentinels, and in consequence calls to arms, intended to test the discipline and courage of the officers and troops. Upon the first alarm, one Captain Greene, was suddenly taken very ill, and so continued until the apparent danger was over. We encamped the second night out near the present village of Tiskillwa (Bureau County), where Sergeant Teas, of Sanga- mon County, found a bee tree, from which he and his mess obtained a good supply of honey. One morning Adjutant Henry and myself, hoping from the appearance of the country miles ahead, that we could find run- 292 HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. ning water, rode in advance of the regiment, intending to mix the water with part of a bottle of whisky in my saddle-bags ; we found several pools of stagnant water, but every drop of the whisky had leaked through the corn-cob stopper of my bottle, so that we had to drink of the stagnant water without the benefit of the whisky. We saw no deers or wolves on the route, but prairie rattlesnakes afforded numerous oppor- tunities for the skill of our marksmen. When we reached the White Oak Springs, our quartermaster, whose duty it was to purchase supplies, deserted us ; and this duty devolved upon the sergeant, who discharged it to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. Crossing the Winnebaga Swamps, or marshes, many of our horses became mired so that the riders had to dismount, and occasionally the horses had to be drawn out by the use of the halters and bridles. Forage for horses was out of the ques- tion, and they subsisted on the prairie grass. After leaving the settlements we saw no greenhead flies, though they were exceedingly troublesome on the boats at Peoria. " The governor's order was dated July 4th, at Mt. Vernon. The regiment composed of independent farmers and mechanics was raised, organized, marched to the White Oak Springs, and returned home in not exceeding thirty days. Two of our Morgan County men were drowned in a branch of Crooked Creek returning home. We had no baggage wagon from this county. My mess had a very good tent, which very few of the other messes had. Having no baggage wagons, and having to carry our provisions, arms, and equipments on horseback, we had but little room for tents, even if they* had been supplied. We slept on saddle-blankets, with our heads on saddles, and for covering had overcoats and blankets ; but during that season of the year we had but little use for covering other than overcoats. " The question of pay was not considered of much consequence ; it was well understood that this depended on the action of Congress, and no fears were entertained of the success? of General Duncan, our representa- tive in Congress, in obtaining the necessary appropriation. We were not disappointed, for appropriations were made by the Congress of 1827-8, and we were paid in the Spring of 1828, the following rates : Each sergeant major and quartermaster-sergeant, $9 per month ; each drum and fife major, $8.33 per month ; sergeants, $8 ; each corporal, drummer, fifer and teamster, $7.33 ; each farrier, saddler and artificer included as a private, $8 ; each gunner, bombardier, and private, 86.66. In addition to which we were paid for the use of horses, arms and accoutrements, and for the risk thereof, except for horses killed in action, ten cents per day. For rations, 25 cents per day, and one day's pay for fifteen miles travel to the place of rendezvous and returning home." Nothing of interest occurred in the history of the county from the close of the Winnebago -war until the fall of the " deep snow," which happened in the Winter of 1830-31. Quite a number of persons had settled in the county during this interval, and population and improve- ments had largely increased. This fall of snow was indeed a remarkable event. Nothing like it had ever occurred in the annals of the Northwest. The Indians relate that years before the discovery of the Mississippi River, a great snow fell to the depth of a man's waist. Wild animals perished in great numbers, and the suffering among the Indians, which HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 29& followed the loss of so much game, was severely felt. In the early days of Kentucky a snow fell to a depth of more than a foot, causing great privation among the settlers ; it however did not equal the " deep snow " of 1830-31. THE DEEP SNOW. In the latter part of November, 1830, snow commenced falling and continued to fall at intervals until January, 1831. As one snow fell upon another, the wind at times blowing very hard, there soon accu- mulated a depth in places from seven to twelve feet, covering fences and small buildings entirely, and causing great distress to the inhabitants, as well as to stock and wild game. In the heavy timber, where the wind could not get the power to drift, the snow was said to be three feet on a level. The sun shining occasionally melted the surface, and the cold nights would freeze it hard enough to bear a man or beast. The roads often ran over stake-and-ridered fences, and although good for persons of leisure, if there had been any for sleigh riding, was very inconvenient for farmers who had not gathered their corn, and had to go into their fields and reach under the snow for the ears of corn, and carry them home in a bag or basket to feed their hungry horses, cows, and pigs, and even to get their bread. As they could not go to mill, their corn was put in wooden mortars and pounded until broken so that they could cook it by boiling or baking. Many suffered severely, both for food and warmth, not having , made any preparation for such a change in the weather. For years before- the weather had been very mild until after Christmas, sometimes continuing so all winter, so warm and open that cattle could browse and feed with but little care from man. Many instances of individual suffer- ing might be given in these pages, but as so many of them have been reported in neighborhood circles, and others published in newspapers and books, it would seem like needless repetition to insert them here. The winter of the "deep snow" is referred to by all the early settlers, forming a data to refer to, as any incident happening so long a time before or after it. The old settlers of Morgan, Cass, and Scott Counties, in the organi- zation of their society, fixed that as the period of membership, and for a few years none were admitted to become members of the societj' unless- they could date their residence here previous to the " deep snow." Since then the time has been extended to 1840. The inhabitants of Morgan and surrounding counties caught a great deal of game while the snow was on the ground, as the deer in running ver the snow would sometimes, in consequence of their sharp hoofs, break through the crust, and be unable to extricate themselves. Men could walk or run over the surface and capture them, or if men were not around the wolves would make short work of them. Prairie chickens, abbits, and all other game were easily captured. Until February, 1831, when the snow went off with a great freshet, the ground was not seen. Shortly after the events just narrated, troubles with the Indians in the north part of the State began again. That part of Illinois lying between the Rock and Mississippi Rivers was an inviting place of settle- ment for the whites. It possesses unusual natural scenery, is well watered, 294 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. and is very fertile. The Indians then occupying it refused to vacate it for the white people who desired to settle there, and the result was THE BLACK HAWK WAR. In the history of the Northwest, printed elsewhere in this volume, a condensed account of this war is given. It, however, relates to the war in general, not specifying any section of country, or giving the experiences of any volunteer from any county in Illinois. Morgan County furnished a number of men in this conflict, and their reminiscences are worthy of record, and merit a place in the county's history. Judge Wm. Thomas was one of the volunteers, and with his accustomed faithfulness preserves an account of his and his comrades' campaign. We give it as he narrates it, in a letter to the Jacksonville Journal, under date of Dec. 3, 1871. He says : " In 1827, under the administration of Governor Edwards, we had what was called the ' Winnebago War.' A regiment of mounted volun- teers from the Counties of Sangamon and Morgan, under command of Colonel Thomas M. Neale, marched to the neighborhood of Galena, for the defense and protection of the settlers and miners in that region, against a supposed threatened invasion of the Winnebago Indians. " In 182930, a number of families settled on Rock River, a few miles below Rock Island, in the absence of the Indians, who had pre- viously occupied that land, between Rock River and the Mississippi. In the Spring of 1831 the Indians returned, and claimed their former posses- sions, which our settlers, having made arrangements for raising a crop, were reluctantly compelled to surrender. Black Hawk and his followers claimed that this neck of land still belonged to the Indians ; that the treaty by which it had been ceded had never been assented to by the legal owners. Out of this claim of Black Hawk grew the first of the Black Hawk war having no connection with the Winnebago war. Gov- ernor Reynolds ordered out a brigade of mounted volunteers, to proceed to the disputed territory and repel the Indians. Governor Duncan, being then a major-general of militia, took the command of the brigade, by order of the governor. The brigade was hastily organized, and in quick time was on the scene of proposed action. The Indians, however, being aware of the approach of the army, abandoned their wigwams and pos- sessions, and crossed the river into Iowa. Whilst this brigade was marching across the country, General Gaines was moving up the Missis- sippi on a steamboat with some companies of the regular army. The general, intending to avoid any personal conflict with the Indians, or the shedding of blood, anchored his boat a short distance below the mouth of Rock River, and sent a messenger across the country to meet General Duncan, with orders to join him on the Mississippi, a movement which would give the Indians notice of the approach of the militia, and time to escape, of which they readily availed themselves by retiring to what they esteemed a place of safety. General Duncan reached General Gaines in the afternoon, encamped, and remained until next morning, when both companies started up the river General Gaines on the boat, and General Duncan at the head of his brigade intending to meet and co-operate together at the Indian village. It commenced raining early that morning, and continued until the afternoon. Before General Dun- HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 295 can reached the place of crossing the Rock River, General Gaines had ascended the river as high up as the stage of the water would permit, and signalled General Duncan by the firing of cannons, as had been pre- viously agreed on. " Being quartermaster of the brigade, and having been informed of the intended movement, and also of General Gaines' expectations that the Indians would escape, I was not surprised at hearing the cannon ; but the rank and file of the militia thought the firing was the beginning of a fight, and a book might be written representing the speeches and describ- ing the actions of these uninitiated militia, as they passed up the river to the place of crossing. We first crossed a wide, shallow slough, on to an island thickly set with undergrowth of saplings and bushes. We then reached the main river at a place supposed to be fordable : our advanced guard following a pilot reputed to be well acquainted with the road, crossed the river, but it was deep, and the bottom covered with large rock, or boulders, as they were called. In crossing, some of the horses striking these boulders, fell, and threw their riders into the river, to make their way across as best they could ; other horses had occasionally to swim. With the loss of a few guns and the ducking of a few riders, the guard reached the bank no one drowned or badly hurt. The main army went a short distance below, opposite the Indian village, where some craft were found on which the men could cross, and the horses were made to swim. Whilst crossing the river, the rain fell in torrents. I found a log-cabin on the bank, into which, with my horse, I took shelter until most of the army had crossed, and the storm abated. " The army encamped that night in the Indian village, using all the wigwams that could be made available, and using the bark which had been detached from the wigwams to sleep on. The rain, which had ceased a few hours before night, long enough for the making of fires, cooking and eating supper, commenced again during the night, and con- tinued to pour in torrents until after day. My mess had a good tent, under which we slept ; but to keep as dry as possible, I procured a wide piece of bark, curved at the sides like a trough with a round bottom, to sleep on. It was warm weather, and the rain was warm ; when I awoke in the morning, I found my bark filled with water one or more inches deep, and to that depth the water was under me, so that, but for having a change of clothes kept in a dry place, I should have been compelled to go on duty with nearly half my clothing as wet as water could make them. The next day we marched to Rock Island, and encamped on the east bank of the slough, opposite the fort, where we remained until mus- tered out of service and discharged. Whilst encamped on the river, and before it was known what the Indians might be willing to do upon the question of remaining out of the State and keeping the peace, our horses, 1,500 or 1,800, grazing below the encampment, were frightened by the approach of a steamboat, and forthwith stampeded, making a noise almost equal to distant, heavy thunder. The army was called to arms, and formed in line in quick time, no one knowing but that the Indians were upon us. The first direction of the horses was toward the encampment, but the sentinels were able to turn them toward the bluff on the east, and they were soon out of hearing, when the near approach of the boat told the story of the alarm. Most of the horses were found the next 296 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. day, but many of them continued the chase, and were found days after- ward, several miles up Rock River ; others were not found. " Returning home, my mess encamped one night on a branch of Crooked Creek, near the residence of a Mr. Pennington, where we found the encampment of parts of several companies building fires and prepar- ing supper. Here I was informed that a volunteer from Sangamon County, called by the name of General Jackson, had in his possession four Indian ponies, brought from the vicinity of Rock Island. I sent for him to ascertain how he came by the ponies, fearing that they had been stolen. To my inquiries, he said that he had purchased them from a stranger below Rock Island. I proposed that he should surrender them to me to be kept until the question of ownership could be investigated (expressing a fear that the stranger had stolen them), to which he readily assented. I placed the ponies in charge of Mr. Pennington, and upon reaching home wrote to the Indian agent at Rock Island, request- ing him to send for them, and return them to the Indians. The agent complied with my request, and upon restoring them, required the Indians to restore any of our horses that they might have found after the stam- pede. The result was that eighteen horses belonging to volunteers were returned to the agent, and all of them, I believe, were restored to the owners. I saw the General Jackson afterward, and learned that he had paid nothing for the ponies, and that he had never since seen or heard of the man of whom he had purchased them." Black Hawk failed to keep the terms of the treaty, and as soon as the military retired he returned to the Illinois side of the river. A large force was at once raised and marched against him. Morgan County furnished her full quota of men the second time,. Many of the same officers and men enumerated in the article of Judge Thomas, returned to the conflict. This time severe fighting followed, resulting in the total defeat of Black Hawk and his followers. His capture by the troops, his confinement as a prisoner of war, his release, and the closing days of his life, are all narrated in this volume, and to it the reader is referred. This war practically closed the Indian troubles in Illinois. The return of the militia to their homes, was followed by years of prosperity and peace. The county had become thickly settled for that day, in some parts, and its county seat was earning a name, as a place of learning and influence. The earliest days of a country, the pioneer customs and habits, the privations endured, the successes achieved, form interesting chapters of history, and deserve a place in its annals. The early settlers were a brave and hardy people, the brightest side of their life shown out at all times, and though their labors were severe, their love of sport was just as strong, and indulged in whenever occasion presented. The daily life of the pioneer was one of simplicity and frugality. His wants were few, easily supplied, and of a simple nature. Our narra- tive would be incomplete, did we not give in detail, something of this pioneer life, as seen by many yet living, and as days which to them will always be pleasantly recollected. We will narrate the scenes of these days, as they have been told us, and as we have gathered them from others who have placed them on record. The festal days of the pioneers were, when a cabin was to be raised ; when a shooting match occurred ; HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 297 when a "husking bee" was held ; a wedding took place ; a general mus- ter day came ; or any similar day of rest and recreation would occur. As they were held in Morgan County, the same as in other parts of the State, one .description will apply to all portions of the great West. Those were the " good old days " and though we of to-day, honor these memories, we believe our days are as good as any, and that we in our old age, will look back to them with memories as tender and as cher- ished as these in the decline of life delight to remember theirs. We have noted the raising of the cabin as one of the days of enjoy- ment, among the early settlers. The usual way of erecting these primitive habitations, was in the following manner : On an appointed day the pioneers gathered about a spot selected for the erection of the cabin home. A party of choppers was toled off, whose business it was to fell the trees, and cut them into proper lengths; a man with a team next hauled or dragged the logs to the place, and arranged them, properly assorted, at the ends and sides of the proposed building. Some one was selected to search the woods for a suitable tree, from which to make the clapboards for the roof. The tree for this purpose must be straight grained, and from three to four feet in diameter. The boards were split four feet long, with a large frow, and as wide as the timber would allow. They were used without planing or shaving. Another party of men was employed in getting puncheons for the floor of the cabin ; this was done by splitting trees, about eighteen inches in diameter, and hewing the faces of them with a broadax. They were half the length of the floor they were intended to make. The materials for the cabin were mostly prepared on the first day, and sometimes the foundation laid in the evening. The second day was allotted for the raising. On the morn- ing of that day, the neighbors collected for the raising. The first thing to be done was the election of the four corner men, whose business it was to notch and place the logs, which were furnished them by the rest of the workmen. In the meantime the boards and puncheons were col- lected for the floor and roof, so that by the time the cabin was a few logs high, the sleepers and floor began to be laid. The door was made by sawing or cutting out the logs in one side of the cabin, so as to make an opening about thres feet wide. The logs on each side of this opening, were kept in place by upright pieces of timber, about three inches thick, through which holes were bored, for the purpose of driving through them wooden pins, into the ends of the logs. A similar opening, but wider, was made at the end, for the chimney. This was built of logs, and made large to admit of a back and jambs of stone. At each corner of the building the two end logs projected a foot or two beyond the wall, to receive the bunting poles, as they were called, against which the ends of the first rows of clapboards were supported. The roof was formed by making the end logs shorter until a single log formed the comb of the roof ; on these logs the clapboards were placed, the ranges of them lay- ing some distance over those next below them, and kept in their places by logs placed at proper distances upon them. The roof, and sometimes the floor, were finished on the same day of the raising. A third day was commonly spent by a few carpenters in level- ing off the floor, making a clapboard door, and a table. This last was made of a split slab, and supported by four round sticks, set in auger- 298 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. holes. A few three-legged stools were made in the same manner. Pins stuck in the logs, at the back of the house, served to support clapboard shelves, on which the table-furniture was kept, when not in use. The bedstead was made by fastening a forked post in the floor, and in the ceiling. A pole was placed in the fork of the post, from there it projected through the wall of the cabin. This front pole was crossed by a shorter one within the fork, with its outer end through another crack. From the front pole, through a crack between the logs, of the end of the house, the boards were put on which formed the bottom of the bed. A few pegs around the walls, for the display of the dresses of the women, and hunt- ing-shirts of the men, and two small forks, or buck's horns, to a joist for the rifle and shot-pouch, completed the carpenter work. In the meantime masons were at work. With the heart pieces of the timber of which the clapboards were made, they made billets for chink- ing up the cracks between the logs of the cabin and chimney a large bed of mud mortar was made for daubing up those cracks ; a few stones- formed the back and sides of the chimney. The house being finished, the ceremony of house-warming took place, which usually consisted of a dance, lasting all night. At house- raisings, log-rollings, and harvest-parties, every one was expected to do his duty faithfully. A person who did not perform his share of labor, on these occasions, was designated by the epithet of " Laurence," or some title still more opprobrious ; and when it came to his turn to re- quire the like aid from his neighbors, the idler soon felt his punishment, in their refusal to attend to his calls. " The marriage ceremony, in those days, was a very unceremonious affair," says John McConnell, whose excellent description in his "West- ern Sketches " we quote in full. " The parents never made a 'parade' about any thing marriage, least of all. They usually gave the bride not the ' blushing ' bride a bed, a lean horse, and some good advice ; and, having thus discharged their duty in the premises, returned to their work, and the business was done. The parade and drill which now at- tend it, would have been as ridiculous as a Chinese dance ; and the finery and ornament, at present understood to be indispensable on such occasions, then bore no sway in fashion. Bridal wreaths and dresses were not known, and white kid gloves and satin slippers never heard of. Orange blossoms natural and artificial were as pretty then as now ; but the people were more occupied with substance than with emblem. " The ancients decked their victims for the sacrifice with gaudy colors^ flags, and streamers ; the moderns do the same, and the offerings are sometimes made to quite as barbarous deities. But the bride of the pioneer was clothed in linsey-wolsey, with hose of woolen yarn ; and moccasins of deer-skin or, as an extra piece of finery, high-quartered shoes of calf-skin preceded satin slippers. The bridegroom came in copperas-colored jeans domestic manufacture as a holiday suit ; or, perhaps, a hunting-shirt of buck-skin, all fringed around the skirt and cape, and a ' coon-skin ' cap, with moccasins. Instead of a dainty walking-stick, with an opera-dancer's leg, in ivory, for a head, he always brought his rifle, with a solid maple stock ; and often, during the whole ceremony, he did not divest himself of powder-horn and bullet-pouch. " Ministers of the gospel were few in those days, and the words HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 299 of form were usually spoken by a missionary. Or, if the pioneer had objections to Catholicism as many had his place was supplied by some justice of the peace, of doubtful powers and mythical ap- pointment. If neither of these could be procured, the father of the bride, himself, sometimes assumed the functions, pro hdc vice, or pro tern- pore, of minister or justice. It was always understood, however, that such left-handed marriages were to be confirmed by the first minister who wandered to the frontier ; and, even when the opportunity did not offer for many months, no scandal ever arose the marriage vow was never broken. The pioneers were simple people ; the refinements of high cultivation had not yet penetrated the forests or crossed the prairies, and good faith and virtue were as common as courage and sagacity. " When the brief, but all-sufficient ceremony was over, the bride- groom resumed his rifle, helped the bride into the saddle or, more fre- quently, to the pillion behind him and they calmly rode away together. " On some pleasant spot surrounded by a shady grove, or point of timber a new log cabin has been built ; its rough logs notched across sach other at the corners, a roof of oaken clapboards, held firmly down ry long poles along each course, its floor of heavy ' puncheons,' its broad, cheerful fireplace, large as a modern bed-room all are in the highest style of frontier architecture. Within excepting some anomalies, such as putting the skillet and teakettle in the little cupboard, along with the ilue-edged plates and yellow-figured tea-cups for the whole has been arranged by the hands of the bridegroom himself every thing is neatly md properly disposed. The oaken bedstead, with low, square posts, stands in one corner, and the bed is covered by a pure white counterpane, with fringe an heir-loom in the family of the bride. At the foot of this is seen a large, heavy chest like a camp-chest to serve for bureau, safe, and dressing-case. " In the middle of the floor directly above the trap-door which leads to a ' potato-hole ' beneath stands a ponderous walnut table, and on it sits a nest of wooden trays ; while, flanking these, on one side, is a nicely- folded tablecloth, and, on the other, a wooden-handled butcher-knife and a well worn Bible. Around the room are ranged a few ' split-bottomed ' chairs, exclusively for use, not ornament. In the chimney-corners, or under the table, are several three-legged stools, made for the children, who as the bridegroom laughingly insinuates, while he points to the un- couth specimens of his handiwork ' will be coming in due time.' The wife laughs in her turn replies 'no doubt' and, taking one of the graceful tripods in her hand, carries it forth to sit upon while she milks the cow for she understands what she is expected to do, and does it without delay. In one corner, near the fireplace, the aforesaid cupboard is erected being a few oaken shelves neatly pinned to the logs with hickory forks and in this are arranged the plates and cups ; not as the honest pride of the housewife would arrange them, to display them to the best advantage, but piled away one within another, without reference to show. As yet there is no sign of female taste or presence. " But now the house receives its mistress. The ' happy couple ' ride up to the low rail fence in front, the bride springs off without assistance, affectation, or delay. The husband leads away the horse, or horses, and the wife enters the dominion where, thenceforward, she is queen. There 200 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. is no coyness, no blushing, no pretence of fright or nervousness if you will, no romance for which the husband has reason to be thankful ! The wife knows what her duties are, and resolutely goes about performing them. She never dreamed, nor twaddled about ' love in a cottage,' or * the sweet communion of congenial souls ' (whenever eat anything); and she is, therefore, not disappointed on discovering that life is actually a serious thing. She never whines about 'making her husband happy,' but sets firmly and sensibly about making him comfortable. She never complains of having too much work to do, she does not desert her home to make endless visits ; she borrows no misfortunes, has no imaginary ailings. Milliners and mantua-makers she ignores, ' shopping ' she never heard of, scandal she never invents or listens to. She never wishes for fine carriages, professes no inability to walk five hundred }'ards, and does not think it a 'vulgar accomplishment' to know how to make butter. She has no groundless anxieties, she is not nervous about her children taking cold ; a doctor is a visionary potentate to her a drug shop is a depot of abominations. She never forgets whose wife she is, there is no ' sweet confidante ' without whom she ' can not live,' she never writes endless letters about nothing. She is in short, a faithful, honest wife ; and, in ' due time,' the husband must make more ' three-legged stools,' for the ' tow heads ' have now covered them all ! " Such is the wife and mother of the pioneer, and, with such influen- ces about him, how could he be otherwise than honest, straightforward, and manly ? " Rev. Joseph Doddridge, D.D., whose early life was spent amid the scenes and habits of the West, especially in Kentucky, has well described the manners and customs. He says: " For a long time after the first settlement of this country, the inhabitants in general married young. There was no distinction of rank, and very little of fortune. On these accounts the first impression of love resulted in marriage ; and a family establishment cost but a little labor, and nothing else. " In the first years in the settlement of this country, a wedding en- gaged the attention of a whole neighborhood, and the frolic was antici- pated by old and young with eager expectation. This is not to be won- dered at, when it is told that a wedding was almost the only gathering which was not accompanied by the labor of reaping, log-rolling, building a cabin, or planning some scout or campaign. " On the morning of the wedding-day, the groom and his attendants assembled at the house of his father, for the purpose of reaching the man- sion of his bride by noon, which was the usual time for celebrating the nuptials ; which for certain must take place before dinner. " Let the reader imagine an assemblage of people, without a store, tailor, or mantua-maker within a hundred miles ; and an assemblage of horses, without a blacksmith or saddler within an equal distance. The gentlemen dressed in shoepacks, moccasins, leather breeches, leggings, linsey hunting shirts, and all home-made. " The ladies dressed in linsey petticoats and linsey or linen bed gowns, coarse shoes, stockings, handkerchiefs, and buckskin gloves, if any. If there were any buckles, rings, buttons, or ruffles, they were the relics of olden times family pieces from parents or grandparents. " The horses were caparisoned with old saddles, with a bag or blan- HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 301 ket thrown over them. A rope or string as often constituted the girth as a piece of leather. " The march, in double file, was often interrupted by the narrowness and obstruction of our horse-paths, as they were called, for we had no roads, and these difficulties were often increased, sometimes by the good, and sometimes by the ill-will of neighbors, by falling trees and tying grapevines across the way. Sometimes an ambuscade was formed by the way-side, and an unexpected discharge of several guns took place, so as to cover the wedding party with smoke. " Let the reader imagine the scene which followed this discharge : the sudden spring of the horses, the shrieks of the girls, and the chivalric bustle of their partners to save them from falling. Sometimes, in spite of all that could be done to prevent it, some were thrown to the ground. If a wrist, elbow, or ankle happened to be sprained, it was tied with a handkerchief, and little more was thought or said about it. " Another ceremony commonly took place before the party reached the house of the bride, after the practice of making whisky began, which was at an early period ; when the party were about a mile from the place of their destination, two young men would single out to run for the bot- tle ; the worse the path, the more logs, brush, and deep hollows, the bet- ter, as these obstacles afforded an opportunity for the greater display of intrepidity and horsemanship. " The English fox chase, in point of danger to the riders and their horses, is nothing to this race for the bottle. The start was announced by an Indian yell ; logs, brush, muddy hollows, hill, and glen, were speedily passed by the rival ponies. The bottle was always filled for the occasion, so that there was no use for judges, for the first that reached the door was presented with the prize, with which he returned in triumph to the company. " On approaching them he announced his victory over his rival by a shrill whoop. At the head of the troop, he gave the bottle first to the groom and his attendants, and then to each pair in succession to the rear of the line, giving each a dram ; and then, putting the bottle in the bosom of his hunting-shirt, took his station in the company. " The ceremony of the marriage preceded the dinner, which was a ibstantial backwoods feast of beef, pork, fowls, sometimes venison and bear meat, roasted and boiled, with plenty of potato, cabbage, and other vegetables. During the dinner the greatest hilarity always prevailed ; although the table might be a large slab of timber, hewed out with a broadax, supported by four sticks set in auger holes, and the furniture some old pewter dishes and plates, the rest wooden bowls and trenchers ; a few pewter spoons, much battered about the edges, were to be seen at some tables, the rest were made of horns. If the knives were scarce, the deficiency was made up by the scalping knives, which were carried in sheaths suspended to the belt of the hunting shirt. " After dinner the dancing commenced, and generally lasted until the next morning. The figures of the dances were three and four-handed reels, or square sets, and jigs. The commencement was always a square four, which was followed by what is called jigging it off; that is, two of the four would single out for a jig, and were followed by the remaining couple. The jigs were often accompanied with what was called cutting F 302 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. out; that is, when either of the parties became tired of the dance, on intimation the place was supplied by some one of the company, without any interruption of the dance. " In this way a dance was often continued till the musician was hearti- ly tired of his situation. Toward the latter part of the night, if any of the company, through weariness, attempted to conceal themselves for the purpose of sleeping, they were hunted up, paraded on the floor, and the fiddler ordered to ' Hang on till to-morrow morning.' " About nine or ten o'clock a deputation of the young ladies stole off the bride, and put her to bed. In doing this, it frequently happened that they had to ascend a ladder instead of a pair of stairs, leading from the dining and ball room to the loft, the floor of which was made of clap- boards lying loose and without nails. This ascent, one might think, would put the bride and her attendants to the blush, but as the foot of the ladder was commonly behind the door, which was purposely opened for the occasion, and its rounds at the inner ends were well hung with hunting shirts, petticoats, and other articles of clothing, the candles being on the opposite side of the house, the exit of the bride was noticed but by few. Sometimes the ladder was on the outside of the house, and these precautions were unnecessary. " This done, a deputation of young men in like manner stole off the groom, and placed him snugly by the side of his bride. The dance still continued ; and if seats happened to be scarce, which was often the case, every young man, when not engaged in the dance, was obliged to offer his lap as a seat for one of the girls ; and the offer was sure to be accepted. " In the midst of this hilarity, the bride and groom were not forgotten. Pretty late in the night, some orie would remind the company that the new couple must stand in need of some refreshments ; black Betty, which was the name of the bottle, was called for, and sent up the ladder ; but sometimes black Betty did not go alone. I have many times seen as much bread, beef, pork, and cabbage, sent along with her as would afford a good meal for half a dozen hungry men. The young couple were com- pelled to eat and drink, more or less, of whatever was offered them. " It often happened that some neighbors or relations, not being asked to the wedding, took offense ; and the mode of revenge adopted by them on such occasions, was that of cutting off the manes, foretops, and tails of the horses of the wedding company. " The custom of serenading newly married couples, or giving them a charivari, as it was called, prevailed to some extent in the pioneer days of Illinois. This custom originated among the French, who introduced it among the early American settlers in the Mississippi Valley. The old French charivaris were innocent. ' It was,' says ' Governor Reynolds,' in his ' Pioneer History of Illinois,' ' a merry, rural serenade, sustained by all sorts of loud and discordant noises.' The charivari party was composed of old and young, and generally conducted by some orderly and aged man. They enlisted into their service all sorts of things that could by any means be forced to make a noise. -They used bells, horns, drums, pans, tin kettles, whistles, and all such articles as would make loud, harsh sounds. This French organized charivari was such a merry, noisy uproar, that it would make a monk laugh if he heard it. " The proper French custom was, that if persons married, of the same I HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 303 condition, there was no charivari ; but when discordant materials were tied together with that delicious silken cord, which is so dazzling to the t'emale eye, then a similar discordant noise attended the celebration. For example, when neither of the parties ever before tasted the delicacies of matrimony, there was no grounds for a serenade ; but when a widower,' who had before worshiped at the shrine of Venus, married a lady who was never before bound in wedlock, then in such cases the charivari was invoked with all its merriment. And the same with a widow, who had before feasted on the sweet viands of love, and married a man whose lot had heretofore been celibacy, in such cases the charivari was in order." Generally among the French the married parties were as willing as the others for the sport, and were prepared to extend some civilities ta the good-humored crowd. Thus frequently the case ended in the best of feeling. But when the married folks were refractory, the charivari was- kept up for a succession of nights, until they yielded to the custom. As- the farce proceeded, if the married parties were sowr, the serenading crowd had the privilege to hint, in a mild manner, first at the character of the bride, and then at that of the bridegroom. These hints generally- closed the scene in good humor. When the noise was made in the crowd,, some one would cry out at the top of voice, " Charivari ! charivari ! " and some other in the party would sing out, "per qui?" "for whom?" The answer to this question gave rise to hint at the female and her character. At times the bridegroom, also, was charged with things he- would not like. This was the dernier resort. When this, or other means,, produced some kindness or civility, then the whole farce ended in the best of feelings, among the French. But with the Americans this charivari is sometimes attended with disagreeable consequences. And, in fact, the serenading party is sometimes indicted for a " breach of the peace." The charivari were common affairs in the early days of Morgan County, and have been continued to some extent to the present day. In pure pioneer times the crops of corn were never husked on the stalk, as is done at the present day; but were hauled home in the husk, and thrown in a heap, generally by the side of the crib, so that the ears when husked could be thrown directly into the crib. This practice was commonly followed by the early settlers of Morgan County, and was the occasion of the frolics known as ' shuckings," or " husking bees." " The corn house filled, The invited neighbors to the husking come ; A frolic scene, where work, and mirth, and play, Unite their charms to chase the hours away." The whole neighborhood, male and female says an old writer were invited to these " shuckings." The girls, and many of the married ladies, generally engaged in this amusing work. In the first place, two- leading, expert huskers were chosen as captains, and the heap of corn, divided as nearly equal as possible. Rails were laid across the pile, so as to designate the division ; and then each captain chose, alternately, his- corps of huskers, male and female. The whole number of working hands present were selected on one side or the other, and then each party commenced a contest to beat the other, which was, in many instances,, truly exciting. One other rule was, that whenever a gentleman husked 304 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. a red ear of corn, he was entitled to a kiss from the ladies. This frequently excited much fuss and scuffling, intended by both parties to end in a kiss. In some parts of the West it was the practice to use taffia, or Monongahela whisky, which they drank out of a bottle, each one, male and female, taking the bottle and drinking out of it, and then handing it to his or her next neighbor, without using any glass or cup whatever. This custom was common, and not considered rude. The bread used at these frolics was baked generally on jonny, or journey-cake boards, and is the best corn bread ever made. A board is made smooth, about two feet long, and eight inches wide the ends are generally rounded. The dough is spread out on this board, and placed leaning before the fire. One ;side is baked, and then the dough is changed on the board, so the other side is presented, in its turn, to the fire. This is jonny-cake, and is good, if the proper materials are put in the dough, and it is properly baked. Almost always these corn shuckings ended in a dance. To prepare for this amusement, fiddles and fiddlers were in great demand, and it often required much fast riding to obtain them. One violin, and a performer, were all that was contemplated, at these innocent rural dances. Toward dark, and the supper half over ; then it was that a bustle .and confusion began, which fully equalled the confusion of tongues at Babel. The young folks hurriedly cleared the table, while the old folks contended for time and order. It was the case, nine times out of ten, that but one dwelling house was on the premises, and that used for eating as well as dancing. But when the fiddler commenced tuning his instrument, the music always gained the victory for the younger side. Then, the dishes, victuals, tables, and all, disappeared in a few minutes, -and the room was cleared, the dogs driven out, and the floor swept off, ready for action. The floors of these houses were sometimes the natural earth beaten solid, sometimes the earth with puncheons in the middle, over the potato hole, and at times, the whole floor was made of puncheons. Sawed plank, or boards, were not at all common in curly times. The music at these country dances excited the young folks to imme- diate activity, and the dance which followed was similar in character to that which followed the wedding festivities. The pioneers of Morgan County, who are yet living, doubtless remember these early frolics, and it was at these, that "many a sweet love story was told over in a laugh- ing manner, by the young hunters, or farmers, to their sweet-hearts, during these nights of innocent amusements. The young man of . eighteen, would choke, cough, and spit, look pale, and sweat when he was about to tell his girl the secret movements of his heart in her favor, while his heart thumped with almost as loud a noise as a pheasant beating on a log. The girl received these outpourings of her lover's heart, with such sparkling eyes and such a bright countenance, that spoke volumes of love to her beau. These love contracts, that ended in marriage, were frequently made at these dances. In the morning, all went home on horse-back, or on foot. No carriages, wagons, or other wheeled vehicles, were used on these occasions, for the best of reasons they had none." The skillful use of the rifle, was an accomplishment essential to frontier life. This led to " shooting matches," which were eagerly par- HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 305> ticipated in by all the men old enough to hold a rifle. The prize shot for, was generally a fat beef, although a rifle, a turkey, or some other piece of property would be contended for. When the owner of a fat beef, proposed to dispose of it that way, he sent word of the coining " match," over the settlement, fixing the day and place. The hunters would gather in, at the time appointed, with their rifles and hunting accoutrements. Being provided with the inevitable jug of whisky,, they would select a shaded spot, under the trees, and prepare for the match. The beef was valued at an amount agreed upon, which had to be made up at a certain sum per shot, generally fifty cents, each one invest- ing in as many as he liked until the amount was made up. Two judges were then chosen to decide the match, one of them to attend to setting up the targets, and the other to check off the shots as they were fired. The marksmen provided themselves with targets, which tney made by blackening one side of a clapboard, over the fire. A small cross was then made, by drawing a knife-blade up and down through the blackened spot, and at the center of the cross a small piece of white paper was fastened, and the target was ready. Each one shot at his own target, and when all the shots were fired, the targets were examined by the judges, and the winners announced. The distance was usually forty yards off hand, or sixty yards with a rest ; the latter mode being considered the best way of testing the accuracy of a gun's shoot- ing. By established custom, the beef was divided into five choices, each quarter of the animal being a choice, and the hide and tallow the fifth choice. Thus the five best shots took the choices in their order* and the sixth best shot was entitled to cut the bullets out of the tree, against which the targets had been placed, and retain them. If a turkey, a rifle, or any like article, was the prize, the mode of disposing of it, was the same as the beef, save that the best shot secured the prize, undivided. The frontiersman was generally very skillful in the use of the rifle. Sometimes a nail would be driven about two-thirds its length into a board, which was placed at a proper distance from the marks- man, whose object it was to " drive the nail " fully into the board by hitting the nail squarely on the head. This mode of shooting, gave rise to a familiar expression, and any one who could not successfully perform this feat was considered an inferior marksman. " Barking squirrels " is delightful sport, and in the opinion of many, required a greater degree of accuracy than any mode used to kill them. It was done by the ball striking the bark immediately underneath the squirrel, as he paused in his flight up or down the side of a tree. The concussion would instantly kill the little animal, and sometimes throw him several feet from the tree. The snuffing of a candle with a ball, was another feat indulged in by the frontiersmen, as a mark of skill. Still another feat, which was sometimes performed by the most skillful, was to fill a tin cup with water, and place it on the head of some one, and shoot a ball through it. The prize was generally a bottle of whisky, and it required nearly as much nerve on the part of the target holder, as it did for the marks- man. Deer hunting was, among many early settlers, another popular source of amusement. The habits of these animals were well known and 306 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. carefully studied by the pioneer, and it was often a test of skill on his part to be able to successfully thwart this wily game. In the pioneer days of Morgan County, large herds of this animal became a common sight to the settler. Old residents relate wonderful stories about their deer-hunts, as they gather with their children about their fireside in the long winter evenings. The hunter, did he decide on a day's hunt, arose early on the morn- ing of the appointed day, and accompanied by his dogs several of which he kept would set forth for a day's sport. The deer possesses an ex- ceedingly keen power of scent, and can detect the hunter at a great dis- tance, hence it was necessary on the part of the latter, to decide first the direction of the wind before leaving his house or camp. Various devices were used by him to determine this, should the wind be at rest ; the common one was to place one of his fingers in his mouth until it became warm, raising this hand above his head, he noted carefully which side of the finger became cold first, and this decided the question. As soon as a deer was seen, the hunter slyly approached until within gun-shot ; almost always the first shot proved effectual, and the prize was secured. The carcass was at once hung on a sapling out of the reach of the wolves, and the chase continued. At the time of the " deep snow," deer perished by hundreds. They could not escape the voracious wolves, nor run from the dogs. Many persons, with a reckless regard for the future, destroyed them out of sheer cruelty. Among the earliest-settlers, venison was a common article of food, and full of nutrition. It was prepared in various ways ; was often "jerked " that is, cut into long strips, which were hung in the sun to dry, and being prepared in this manner, would keep many days in an excellent condition. It was commonly prepared in this manner by emi- grants. As the deer became scarce by the encroachments of the white man, their places were supplied by wild hogs. These fed on the mast found in the woods, and often became very fat. The meat, when prop- erly cured and cooked, was quite palatable, and supplied very well, the place of the venison. We left the thread of the histor}' with the close of the Black Hawk war. Reverting to it and continuing the narrative, we find the next event worthy of notice was the scourge of the cholera in 1833. Of its ravages in the South and West, the reader is no doubt, well aware. It was probably brought to Jacksonville by two men named Conn and Coddington. The former recovered from the attack, but the latter died in a house on the west side of the Public Square. One of these men being a relative of Mrs. Ellis, wife of Rev. Ellis, made her house his home, and from him Mrs. Ellis and her family were stricken with the dreadful disease and all died. The citizens of the town and country became thoroughly alarmed, and many left for other places. The plague stopped all business for a time, and prevented intercourse between the town and country people, the latter fearing to come to town, or to receive town people into their houses. About one hundred persons died from this disease. Many from only a few hours sickness. It checked emigration, however, but a short time. The next year all traces of it had disappeared, and people came pouring into the county at a rapid rate. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 307 The Fall of 1836, is made memorable by the day known as the " SUDDEN FREEZE." This was occasioned by a remarkable current of cold air passing from the northwest to the southeast, directly over Morgan County. Its width extended over the entire central portion of the State. Its velocity was, as near as can now be determined, about thirty miles per hour. It was felt in Jacksonville about noon, and was in Leb- anon, Ohio, just above Cincinnati, at nine o'clock that evening. Mr. Washington Crowder, a resident of Sangamon County, was married on the 21st of December, 1836, and distinctly remembers going for his license the day before. This event fixes the date beyond a doubt. He was on his way to Springfield on the afternoon of the 20th, and when a few miles below the city had a fair view of the landscape for several miles in every direction. He saw in the northwest a heavy black cloud rapidly approaching him, accompanied with a terrific, deep, bellowing sound. Closing the umbrella he was carrying over him to protect himself from the falling rain, he was in the act of drawing his reins taut, when the wave came over him. At that instant the snow and slush under his horse's feet turned to ice, while his coat, wet with the rain, became in- stantly as stiff as a board. He went on to Springfield, where he found his clothing frozen to the saddle, and was unable to dismount, and he was compelled to call help, who carried man and saddle to the fire to thaw them apart. He obtained his license, returned the same day, and was married the next. The wave passed over Morgan County between one and two o'clock, and came so suddenly that chickens and small animals were frozen in their tracks. Several inches of snow had fallen a short time before and on that day it was quite warm, with light spring-like showers, and the whole earth was covered with slush and water. The change was so sudden and the wind so strong that the water in the ponds in the road froze in waves, sharp-edged and pointed, as the gale had blown it. Judge Samuel Woods says he was nearly a mile from home, in the prairie, when the wave struck him. The slush and water were several inches thick, and before he could get home he could walk upon the top, as they had frozen hard. Huram Reeve remembers the day as a warm and showery one during the forenoon. Near two o'clock in the afternoon it grew dark, like a rain storm was coming, and, in an instant, the strong wind, with the icy blast, came and all was frozen. Hurrying around to save some stock that he was fatten- ing, he was able to get a part of it under shelter, but most of the stock suffered severely. The creek was about bank full of water, and, as his horses, wagons, etc., were on the north side, and his house on the south side, he was anxious to get all near the house, that he might take better care of them. The next morning early, with his brother and some other help, he went to the creek to get the animals across, but, the horses not being shod, and the ice smooth, they cut the ice in pieces to get a track wide enough for the wagon, and with poles pushed the ice under the other to get it away, and then drove through the water. The ice had frozen in the short time between two o'clock, p. m., arid nine o'clock the next a. m., fully six inches thick. He also found raccoons, opossums, and other HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. animals frozen to death. Walking across the logs they were suddenly chilled and, falling off, they were unable to move again. Mr. Timothy Chamberlain says he remembers the day distinctly, as his father and uncle were making a four-spoked wagon at the time, and he was working around home, sometimes helping them and part of the time working about the barn lot, and being warm he was in his shirt sleeves most of the time. It rained several times during the forenoon, and about dinner time Doctor Daniel Pierson, a near neighbor, sent for him to assist in driving his hogs up to the stock yard and weigh them. As was the custom in those days, when there was no public scales, where a number of hogs could be weighed at once, the neighbors assisted in catch- ing the hogs, and tying their feet, and using the old-fashioned steelyards to weigh them. They had just driven the hogs to the stock yard but had not commenced weighing., any, when, without any warning other than a dark sky, the cold wind from the northwest suddenly struck them with force. Mr. Chamberlain jumped behind a stack of wheat for protection. The cold was so intense that the overcoat he had put on as he started, for fear of rain, was frozen like a board. The weight of the hogs was guessed at without weighing, and they drove them across the Pulliam Run, about one hundred and fifty yards from the stock yard, and, in that short time, ice had formed on the branch and the road was frozen hard. Colonel George M. Chambers thinks that his date is as good as that of any other person./ He says, " I was here, at that time, making ar- rangements to move to Jacksonville the following spring. Sometime about the 10th of December we had heavy rains, swelling the streams and destroying the bridges, turning colder and freezing the ground. It then commenced snowing, and continued several days until it was about a foot in depth. On or about the 20th it became mild, the snow melting rapidly and the atmosphere becoming hazy. I left the south side of the square about half-past eleven o'clock, wading in the slush and water, turned up West State street to the tavern kept by William O. Scott, on the lot now owned and occupied by James Berdan, but then known as the 'Heslep House.' We dined, in those days, at twelve, and when the boarders came in they were rubbing their ears and complaining of being very cold. I thought that they did not know what cold was. "After dinner I remained by a comfortable fire about half an hour. On coming out the front door I found the snow and ice frozen so that I went down the street upon it. Passing by the lot on which the residence of Dr. King now stands, I saw some chickens standing by the fence with their legs frozen in the slush. In the lot on the north side, being part of the ground now occupied by the court house, there were also some pigs frozen fast in the ice. " On the evening following, there arrived from Beardstown, a stage load of passengers from a steamboat that met the ' Northwester ' there. They, as well as myself, were anxious to get to St. Louis. Friend Scott exerted himself to secure us a conveyance, and on the following evening, after a number of failures, told us that he had got the right man. The next morning up drove George Richards, with a large, strong sled, and in piled eight or ten of us, and off we started. After a variety of ad- ventures we arrived safely in St. Louis. Left there on a small steamboat, on the first day of January, 1837. When we arrived at Cairo we found HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 309 our boat too small for the ice on the Ohio. We made two other changes in boats, and when a few miles below Shawneetown, left the boat and 4 took 'to the woods,' and hired horses to ride, and a man to bring the horses back, and on the 20th of January, 1837, arrived at the ' Gait House,' in Louisville, in the unexampled time of twenty days. They beat that time now, but I doubt if they are more thankful now than we were on arriving at our destination." Daniel Clarke says : " The change occurred in the afternoon about two o'clock. There was snow on the ground, saturated with a slow, rain, so that it had commenced running in the low places. I was on the north side of Indian Creek, just entering the timber with a drove of ho^s. I was assisted by two men on foot ; I was on horseback. One of the men was Uriah Houston, the other, Isaac Drinkwater. At the house of the father of the latter I had stayed the night before. The hogs belonged to Ralph H. Hurlbut, who lived at the time at La Grange Point, and was packing some hogs at La Grange landing. He had a boat for ferrying, and a lot to keep hogs in on the east side of the river. We reached the river about dark, and penned the hogs ; the wind was high, and the slush, loaded on the boat so much that we could not cross with my horse. Mr. Drinkwater went home, his father's house being the first one on the east side of the river, distant about seven miles. My home was at Mr. Hurl- but's from which I had been absent several days. It was a good home and I was hungry and at about nine o'clock p. m. there came a clear place in the river ; I hitched my horse in the shelter of a pecan tree that had been felled with the leaves on, and got into a canoe with two paddles and an ax to reach my home. The ice formed fast on the canoe, and I had frequently to clear it off with the ax, until I got under the lee of the west bank ; then it went free, in which free water I froze my left hand seri- ously. In the morning following I went to feed iny horse, and found the river so solidly frozen that I rode him across, and had him in the stable before sunrise ; and immediately after got some teams and hauled saw- dust from Hinman's mill, and made a path to the opposite bank, and drove the hogs across and had them in the lots on the opposite side. There were about three hundred of them ; they had been purchased from Peter Taylor, Isaac Houston, George Newman, Wingate Newman, and others. I landed from the open water after ten o'clock p. m.. and my recollection would make the ice the next morning one foot thick." This remarkable event fixes the date of many occurrences in the history of the county. It is yet vividly remembered by the residents of that date, who relate many interesting reminiscences of that time. The great Internal Improvement System was now agitating the citi- zens of the Prairie State, and railroads were beginning to be the common and the all-absorbing topic of the day. Vague ideas existed then concern- ing their construction and use. To many, they were only the introduction of a labor-saving scheme that would throw the common laborer out of work and the means of earning his daih" bread. Especially did they argue this to the class of persons who were engaged in driving stages or employed on canal-boats. But the paper money, then just coming- into use, blinded the masses, and the legislators, dazzled by its apparent suc- cess, built accordingly, only to see the final crash of 1837, and the fall of the entire improvement system. The State was checkered with lines of 310 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. railways, existing only on paper. Remains of works built under this inspiration yet stand as monuments of extreme legislative folly. The Northern Cross Railroad and the canal were all of the grand sys- tem perfected at the time. The railroad was the first in the West. It passed through Morgan County, and thereby became part of its history. We will therefore digress in our narrative, and give a short sketch of this enterprise which, in its day, was a State affair, and watched with anxious eyes by all her citizens. Iri examining the files of the papers of that day, glowing allusions are made to the scheme, and great expectations antici- pated. Men were brought from all parts of the West to labor on the road. Advertisements like the following were seen in nearly every issue of the Illinoisan, then the leading paper in Jacksonville : RAILROADS. \\ RANTED, .500 HANDS. We wish to employ 500 good graders, to finish grading the rail- ^ * road from Meredosia, on the river, to Jacksonville, and from Jacksonville to Springfield. We pay our hands on the first of every month. We also wish a few good superintendents, for grading, who must come well recommended. Also stone masons, superintendents, and other hands, to lay superstructure, which will commence at Meredosia on the first of May next. \Ve have 57 miles of roa_l to contract, and will be able to give employment to a large number of hands, for a considerably time. The country through which this line passes is high and healthy. The work has now been under rapid progress since the first of August last. JAMES DUNLAP, ) r Jacksonville, Illinois, March 3, 1838. THOMAS T. JANUARY, f U The above advertisement appeared in the Illinoisan of that date, and from it the reader will learn something of the extent of railroads then, and the stir created by their construction. There was then not a railway car in the Mississippi valley, and only a few miles of road in operation in the East. The great wave of " internal improvement " was passing over the State at the time, and if the reader of these pages will obtain a copy of the legislative acts of that, and a few succeeding sessions, he will see scarce any thing recorded save railroad, canal, or State road acts. Agitation of the great " Internal Improvement System " of the State began as early as 1835. Governor Duncan, in his message to the legisla- ture, at the special session begun on December 7, 1835, said : " When we look abroad and see the extensive lines of intercommunication penetrating almost every section of our sister States when we see the canal boat and the locomotive bearing, with seeming triumph, the rich productions of the interior to the river, lakes, and ocean, almost annihi- lating time, burthen, and space, what patriotic bosom does not beat high with a laudable ambition to give to Illinois her share of those advantages which are adorning her sister States, and which a munificent Providence seems to invite by the wonderful adaptation of our whole country to such improvements." Pennsylvania and other States were at this time engaged in extensive systems of improvements, and as the sequel showed, Illinois did not lag in the race. Subsequent legislatures appropriated immense sums of mone*y to aid in the erection of these works, and almost checkered the State with a net-work of railroads. The progress of the work on the canal was not arrested by the subsequent failures, but the remainder of the works of the grand system, with the exception of a part of the HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 311 Northern Cross Railroad, the advertisement of which heads this article, simultaneously began in various parts of the State, nothing ever was done, except in detached parcels on every road, where excavations and embankments may even yet be seen, memorials of supreme legislative folly. That portion of the Northern Cross Railroad, from Meredosia to Jacksonville, thence to Springfield, was afterward finished at a cost of $1,000,000 to the State ; its income proving insufficient to keep it in repair, it was subsequently sold for $1'00,000 in State indebtedness. This railroad, the first in Morgan County, the first in Illinois, the first in the Mississippi valley, was chartered February 5, 1835. After various delays, work was begun in August, 1837, so says the advertise- ment quoted, and on May 9, 1838, the first rail was laid. Some eight miles were laid during the summer, and on November 8th the first locomotive the Rogers that ever turned a wheel in the Mississippi valley, was put on the track at Meredosia. It had been brought from the East by way of the rivers to St. Louis, thence up the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers to its destination. On the day it was put on the track it ran over the old flat bar track eight miles and back, carrying George W. Plant, afterward a prominent business man of St. Louis, Governor Duncan, Murray McConnell, one of the commissioners of the public works, James Dunlap and Thomas T. January, the contractors, whose names are already noted, Charles Collins, and Myron Leslie, of St. Louis, the chief engineer, Mr. Plant, and Jonathan Neely, the first conductor. The eager desire in the race of empire now gave Illinois a check for twelve years before another railroad was built. This was the Chicago and Galena, finished as far as Elgin, in 1850. This short railroad, in its incomplete condition, its small cars, and meager equipment, would indeed be a curiosity now. Yet it was a beginning, and as such was greater than any of its successors. It has been supposed that the first railroad in the United States, was built in 1826, connecting Schenectady and Albany, in New York. This was one of the first railroads on which a locomotive engine was used in the United States, but the records o*f the town of Quincy, Massachusetts, the home of the Adams family, show that about the year 1825 a railway was built from that place to the Bay on the Atlantic Coast, about five miles distant. It is believed that no steam power was used on this road, the power used being that of horses or mules. Many suppose that the old Northern Cross Railroad, now the Wabash, is the oldest road west of the Alleghany Mountains. This is also an error. We have noted that the first rail was laid on this road in the Spring of 1838. Col- onel J. B. Moulton, a civil engineer of St. Louis, states that he went to Kentucky in 1836, and found a road in operation from Lexington -to Frankfort. This road was built in 1833, and at the time of Colonel Moulton's visit, horses and mules were used to draw the cars. Strap rails were used, part of the ties being made of stone and part of wood. The former were found to be useless owing to their pulverization under- neath the rails, and their use was soon abandoned. Charles F. Taylor, Esq., a civil engineer, was engaged to remove the stone and put in wood. Colonel Moulton finished this road from Frankfort to Louisville in 1836, when the State foreclosed the mortgage it held, and leased the road to Swaggert & Co., who equipped it in 1841 or '42, and placed thereon a 312 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. locomotive. This locomotive weighed fourteen tons, and cost fourteen thousand dollars. This road is now known as the Lexington and Ohio. From the above statement of Colonel Moulton, whose memory is accurate, it will be seen that the road in Kentucky was in operation four or five years before the one of which we are writing. From the advertisement heading this article, we see that work was begun on the Northern Cross Railroad in the Autumn of 1837. The as- sociate editor of the Quincy Whig, who visited Meredosia with a view of learning something of the early history of the first railroad in Illinois, writes to his paper as follows : " It was surveyed by James Bucklin, assisted by George W. Plant and John Van Horn. The profile of the work was drawn by a Pole named Edward Malowginowskie, a noble by birth, who had left Poland on account of some of the rebellions or persecutions there. He was a man of fine attainments and high character. After this survey and loca- tion, the division of the road beginning at the Illinois River, at this place, and extending to Van Gundy's, the first station east of here about a mile east of where Bluff City now stands was sub-contracted to J. C. & S. P. Thompson, D. & J. E. Waldo and Harvey Duncan. " When everything was ready to begin work, it naturally appeared that so important an enterprise should be inaugurated with some formal ceremony. The day for beginning arrived late in the Autumn of 1837, and the sub-contractors took their men, accompanied by a large number of citizens, to a point whence the road was to start, on the bank of the river. There Mr. J. E. Waldo, now living in New Orleans, and Dr. Owen M. Long, now consul at Panama, were chosen speakers for the occasion. " The toast-master of the day was Samuel Talmage, a noted charac- ter of that period. The day was given up to speech-making, jollification and hilarity, and it would be very interesting at this distance if one could report some of the wonderful orations delivered. One of the toasts is distinctly recalled thus : " Our friend, T. T. January a man with a cold name but a warm heart." Mr. January is still living, and is a wholesale trader in St. Louis. Mr. D. Waldo, now the postmaster here, being- then the oldest man as well as the oldest citizen of the place, was desig- nated to dig the first spadeful of dirt. The labor he performed was all the work done on the road that day. " The work of grading went on all winter and was finished in April. The track was laid by putting down a piece of square timber called a mudsill, on the top of which cross-ties were laid. On these a wooden rail was laid and flat bars were spiked on top of the rail. The bars were two and a half inches wide and one inch thick. It is not now distinctly remembered whether this iron was of foreign or domestic manufacture, but it was brought by way of New Orleans to St. Louis, and there deliv- ered from the steamer Vandalia to the steamer Quincy, then run by J. H. and E. Lusk, between St. Louis and this place. " The first locomotive that ever turned a wheel in the Mississippi valley was brought here in pieces and set up to operate this earliest Illi- nois railroad. It was made by Rogers, Grosvenor & Ketchum, of New- ark, N. J., and was landed here from the steamer Quincy in the Autumn of 1838, soon after the iron had been laid on the road. It was a curious HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 313 little contrivance, and, as compared with the more moJern construction of locomotives, was a consummate piece of clumsiness. The driving- wheels were about two and a half feet in diameter, and, in every other respect, it compared equally well with the locomotives of the present day. "A man by the name of Fields came out with the engine to set it up, and, on the day he got it on its feet, the jollification ran so high that he got off his, and had to be carried to the hotel for repairs. On the way he protested that they were heaping undeserved honor upon him and begged to be laid down and treated as a man of no distinction or eminence. He was the first engineer on the road, and he ran the little engine the Rogers for about a month. Afterward a man by the name of Higgins run it ; but he melted out some of the flues, and at last got discharged for dissipation. Finally two young men by the name of Gregory were put in charge of it, and after a while they succeeded in running the engine off the track between New Berlin and Springfield. " They seem to have been unable to replace it on the track, for it lay out on the prairie for a year, or a year and a half, and was then sold to General Sample, who practically bankrupted himself in various futile efforts to reconstruct it into some sort of road engine for hauling freight across the country from Alton to Springfield in competition with the railroad. " At last mules were substituted for the engine, and were used till the road passed out of the hands of the State." Mr. James Harkness, a civil engineer of St. Louis, in a correspon- dence concerning the early railroads of Illinois, writes to the Railway Age, of Chicago, as follows : " The writer arrived in Springfield on the 4th of July, 1837, in search of work. I heard of the road that was going to be built and thought I might get a job on it. I saw J. M. Bucklin, the chief engineer, and some of the contractors, and was engaged to build their bridges. " There was a great scarcity of men, more particularly those that could use the pick and shovel, etc., and I agreed to find some. I returned to Louisville, Ky., and sent word out that I would give nineteen dol- lars per month, and eight jiggers of good whisky per day. That soon procured some two hundred and fifty ; I also got Robert Me Reynolds and Joseph Williams, who were expert whip-sawyers, to come and saw the bridge timber for me. The corps of engineers was J. M. Bucklin (who surveyed Chicago and the Illinois and Michigan Canal, when about twenty years old), chief ; Edward Harkness, assistant (who resigned in a short time), Mr. Hawn succeeding him ; John VanHorn, Edward Malowginowskie, George P. Plant, and others, not now recollected. Thompson, from Pennsylvania, was master mason, and the writer master carpenter. " I went into the timber, cut the trees, rough-hewed them, hauled them close to the bridge, and counter-hewed and sawed them into the proper dimensions. " The bridge was across Mauvaisterre Creek, and was one hundred and four feet span. The plan was a combined arch and truss. It stood 314 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. for eighteen years, with very little repairs, when it was burned through the neglect of a temporary watchman. After I had all the timber in the yard, and one bent completed, one of the journeymen told the contractors that he could finish the bridge at less wages than I was getting, sixty dollars per month. He finally got it done on the ground, but utterly failed to raise it, and ran off in disgust. I finally told the master mason how to do it. " The want of locomotives necessitated the use of horses for some time. The road was first located where it now is, at Jacksonville, but the people on the south side of the square said it would make property worth a great deal more there and they must move it across the square, or they would not pay their taxes, and it had to be run that way ; but they soon found that it caused a great many runaways, and set some houses on fire (there were no spark arresters then), when it was changed back to its proper location. When the very poor iron would draw the equally poor spikes, the ends would turn up and we called them snake heads, and very troublesome snakes they were, as they often ran up through a cur and ripped up things generally. " The work began at Meredosia, on the Illinois River. There were two passes in the bluff, called Taylor's and Van Gundy's. That by Taylor's was the cheapest and best, but it w.ould not touch several tracts of wild land that belonged to some of the magnates, and it was located up Van Gundy's Run, and thus improved two large tracts, one called " Duncan's big field" (in which the writer has killed several deer), of one thousand acres. We ran a straight line of several miles up this prairie and struck the only house, or cabin rather, on it. It belonged to' Mr. Lazenby, an Englishman, whose wife had such good use of her tongue that we went back several miles and ran a line that left the cabin a few yards to the north, and this gave great satisfaction to the settle- ment at large. " At my suggestion, Mrs. L. got another cow and furnished us with frequent lunches, which we highly appreciated. By the time the "boys " got near her she had learned to make " milk-punch " and " egg-nog " out of good new juice of the corn, at a "bit" (12|c) per gallon, and by the time the track was laid, she had made the price of a good two-story frame house, and the cabin was given to some choice young " Irish Graziers." " Verien Daniels took charge of the first locomotive on the road after his predecessors had succeeded in burning out its flues, and running it off the track. Daniels repaired the flues and began to run it. On one of his first trips, he found Lazenby's cattle on the track, and the bull showed fight. He shouted and threw sticks of wood at him, but that did no good. So he backed a short distance and came up a second time, but that only made the bull madder ; again he backed and the bull after him. But by this time Daniels was getting mad also. He said to me, "by dadds, I will try who has the hardest head, so here goes." The meeting came near being fatal to both, but Taurus came to grief by rolling down the bank and never troubling the engine again. There was neither bell, whistle, nor cow-catcher, in those days. The first snow that fell, after the road was completed to Jacksonville, was some six or eight inches deep, and caught the train a few miles from Bethel,. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 315 but by hard work she got within one and one-half miles of there and stuck. The passengers walked to Bethel, rather disgusted with the " pleasure car," as it was then called. Some hired wagons and came to Jacksonville, where the agent hired men and sent them down to shovel the snow off the track in advance of the train. Joseph E. Ware, editor of Mines, Metals and Arts, of this city, was a passenger on that trip, and remembers it well. " We had the usual amount of strikes and fights, which would not be interesting. Under the old constitution nearly every one could vote, and the consequence was that between five and six hundred of the boys came to town to vote the " Dimmecratic " ticket, their candidate being "Jackson." When told there was no such candidate, they were about to bake the town, and could have done it, but John J. Hardin, John Henry, Wm. Thomas, and others, suggested to the judge to open a poll for Jackson. This was done, and it prevented a bloody fight." In reference to the "Road Wagon," as it was called, which General Sample attempted to operate on the prairies, and to which reference has already been made, Mr. Harkness writes : " If the State of Illinois is not entitled to claim the first railroad in the West, I think she is clearly entitled to the first attempt to use steam as a motor without even a graded road. Judge Sample, who was one of the early settlers, and one of the many enterprising men who have made Illinois the great State of this valley, after seeing a locomotive, conceived the idea of using one to haul goods and passengers from Alton to Chi- cago. He laid out an addition north of the penitentiary, where he built a large hotel, machine shops, etc. It was called Sampleton. At this time you could travel on prairie from there to Chicago and not touch either timber or farm. He had wheels about three feet wide, if I recol- lect right, attached to his engine. Every thing was new to the me- chanics, and it was after many trials and disappointments that it made a successful trip to Springfield, where it remained for years on the prairie." Mr. Harkness, in one of his letters, relates two incidents of his fron- tier life in Illinois which we here append. " Two farmers who were out looking at the country, as was the cus- tom at that time, were crossing from Lick Creek to the Mauvaisterre and Jacksonville. About half way across they struck the track of Sample's road engine, where the grass was fully three feet high. " Both horses wheeled in terror and ran. After getting them back, the farmers examined the trail and concluded it was a big snake, and that they would follow it carefully and get a sight of the thing if possible. They followed it up to Springfield where they found the ' thing ' resting very quietly. " An ' early day ' reminiscence, not strictly pertaining to railroads, but illustrating the perils of travel before railroad times, occurs to me. Several years after this occurrence above noted, I was crossing at the same points, and had my wife, child, and Judge Berdan, who is still liv- ing in Jacksonville, in a spring wagon, when a fire came down the prairie at race-horse speed, and nothing but my knowledge of the country saved us. I put on the whip for life and made for a mound where the cattle had eaten off the grass, but before reaching it the fire was all around us 316 HISTORY OF MORGAJT COUNTY. and it was the third attempt before I got through to the short grass and saved our lives. The horses and wagon were badly scorched. Two men on horseback about a mile from us were both burned to death. Such in early times was life in what is long since the richest portion of the best State in the Union." The original survey was on the line of the present Wabash railway. When the work of laying the old flat bar track had reached nearly to the city of Jacksonville, the line of construction was changed, for various reasons, and brought up West State street to the center of the public square. Here a stopping place was made and here the cars were unloaded for some time. The track was afterward extended through East State street, making a bend about where the railroad tracks are now laid, passing northeasterly through the grounds of the Blind Asylum until it reached the original survey. In making the excavation for the foundation of the large chimney at the Blind Asylum, some of the old oak ties were un- earthed. These were in good condition and were, by the pupils of the Blind Asylum, made into boxes and trinkets, which are now in the pos- session of many of the citizens of Jacksonville. Colonel C. M. Morse, the division superintendent of the Chicago and Alton Railroad, has in his possession a box made from one of these ties, and in it one of the spikes used in fastening the old strap rail to the sill. Ties have also been found in excavating for the fountain in the public square, and in dig- ging for gas and water mains. The old road gradually wore out, the strap rails were stolen to use as shoes for sled runners and other purposes. For stealing these, one man was arrested and imprisoned in the penitentiary. When the engine was abandoned and sold to General Sample, mules were used to haul the cars in which freight was mostly carried, passengers generally pre- ferring to travel in stages. Three mules, driven tandem, were usually attached to each car, their speed being accelerated by any movable arti- cle in reach of the driver. The road proved a source of expense to the State. It had cost a million of dollars, and was bringing no revenue ; individuals, enthusiastic in this system of improvements, stood ready to buy the road and it was deemed best to sell it. In 1847, it was sold at public auction at the State House, in Springfield, to a company composed of Colonel Mathers, H. N. Ridgley, James Dunlap, and Governor Mattison. The price paid was 8100,000 in State bonds, then below par. These gentlemen went immediately to work, changing the tract from State street, in Jackson- ville, to its original survey in the northern part of the city. A better track was laid, repairs made wherever necessar}-, the route being changed at Bluff City to run to Naples, a point on the Illinois River four miles below Meredosia. The road received a new charter, purchased new equipments, and made preparations to continue its route from Springfield, eastward, to the State line on the old survey. Three loco- motives, the Morgan, Sangamon, and Frontier, were procured and placed on the road, Mr. Jonathan Neely, of Jacksonville, was appointed station agent, freight agent, ticket agent, conductor, etc. Soon after, the strap rails were discarded, and the "U" rail was adopted, this was, how- ever, soon replaced by the " T " rail, now in use. The road was in operation in the Fall of '49 as far as Springfield. Work was continued HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 317 on the road, which, by 1853, had progressed as far as Decatur. In 1851, the first railroad crossing in the State was made at Springfield, being that now known as the Chicago and Alton, over the road of which we are now writing. The old Northern Cross Railroad, afterward the Great Western, and now the Toledo, Wabash and Western, after the change in 1847, has maintained a steady, continuous growth, and is now one of the best operated railways in the West. The Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad received its charter Feb- ruary 27, 1847, under the name of the "Alton and Sangamon Railroad Company." The incorporators were, Robert Furgeson, Simeon Ryder, Benjamin Godfrey, Thomas Clifford, Robert Dunlap, and William Martin. The route was to be " from the City of Alton, on the Mississippi River, in Madison County, by the way of Carlinville, in Macoupin County, New Berlin, in Sangamon County, to the City of Springfield, in Sangamon County." Work was commenced in the Spring of 1851. On the 9th of Sep- tember, 1852, the first train reached Springfield. The rails and ties for this end of the road were brought from Naples, over the Great Western Railroad. The junction of these two roads was the first railroad crossing made in the State of Illinois. At the special session of the General Assembly in 1852, the charter was amended, extending the line to Joliet, and changing the name to the " Chicago and Mississippi." On the 18th of October, 1853, the track was finished to Bloomington, and conveyed passengers to Chicago by way of the Illinois Central and Rock Island Railroads. On the 4th of August, 1854, the road was finished to Joliet, and the cars run over the Chicago and Rock Island Road to Chicago. After the Joliet " cut off" was made, the trains run to Chicago over that road by way of " Matteson." After the " Joliet and Chicago Road " was built, it was leased by the Chicago and Alton Road, the name having been changed in February, 1854. What is now the Jacksonville branch of the Chicago and Alton Railroad was commenced at Jacksonville in 1858, and opened to Man- chester, south, and Petersburg, north, in 1860. It was extended to White- hall, probably in 1862, and to Godfrey, January 1, 1865. The line was extended north to Mason City, in June 1867, and completed to Bloom- ington, September 23, 1868. This road, known as the St. Louis, Jack- sonville and Chicago Railroad, was leased to the Chicago and Alton Company in April, and taken possession of June 1, 1868. By this lease, the Chicago and Alton Railroad Company obtained a direct line from Alton to St. Louis, in connection with the line from Chicago to Alton, this gives them direct communion between the two greatest cities in the West. Desiring a direct connection with the great railways west of the Father of Waters, the company, in 1871, under the charter granted to the St. Louis, Jacksonville and Chicago Railroad, constructed a line from Roodhouse, to Louisiana, Missouri, crossing the Mississippi River on a bridge 2052 feet in length. This bridge cost $800,000, and is leased by the company. The line was extended from Louisiana to Mexico, Mo., the same year. The next spring it was opened to Fulton, and in July to Cedar, on the Missouri River, opposite Jefferson City. All the line in 318 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Missouri was built under a charter granted to the Louisiana and Missouri River Railroad Company. The company are building a line from Mexico to Kansas City, a distance of 160 miles, crossing the Missouri River at Glasgow. ' The entire length of this road, including its branches and extension, is 837.2 miles. The length of the Jacksonville Division is 150.6 miles. It affords the citizens of Jacksonville and Morgan County a direct and easy com- munication with the cities of Chicago and St. Louis. The division is under the supervision of Colonel C. M. Morse, and to his efforts and experience the success of this division is largely due. The Peoria, Pekin and Jacksonville Railroad was built first from Pe- oria to Virginia. In 1869, it was extended to Jacksonville. This gives a direct route from Jacksonville to Peoria, at which city it connects with the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, thereby forming a compet- ing line wi^h the Chicago and Alton to Chicago and the Eastern cities. The Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern Railroad was con- structed during the Summer and Fall of 1870, from Jacksonville to Wa- verly. It was afterward extended to Virden, a distance of thirty-three miles, where it connects with the main line of the Chicago and Alton. It is the intention to extend this road to Mt. Vernon, there to connect with the St. Louis and Southeastern road. The road runs through a 'good farm- ing country and enjoys a good local traffic. The officers are, M. P. Ayers, President ; W. S. Hook, Secretary and Treasurer ; Ed. S. Greenleaf, Su- perintendent. The Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad was completed in the Summer of 1870. It passes through the western part of the county, the only towns on its route therein, being Concord and Chapin, the lat- ter place being at the junction of this road with the Wabash. The road gives direct communication for this part of the county with St. Louis, and does chiefly a local business. The railroads solved an important problem in the history of the West. By them, transportation and communication between the two great por- tions of the country, were made easy, and emigration by rail instead of the slow wagon road, was the consequence. Morgan County in common .with all counties in Illinois, was benefited by the change. Towns had grown up in her midst, along these public thoroughfares, and her people were beginning to enjoy the fruits of their labors. Schools had been es- tablished, churches founded, mills erected, post-offices created, and the busy tide of industry supplanted the former condition of the county. A retrospective view of the increase of the population, shows pretty accu- rately the growth of the county. In 1820, the population of Morgan County was probably little more than one hundred persons. By the United States census in 1830, it was 12,714. It then included Cass and Scott Counties. During the follow- ing decade, these were created, and the census of 1840, notwithstanding this diminution of territory, shows a population of 19,547. The census of 1850, shows a population of 16,064 ; that of 1860, 22,112 ; and that of 1870, 28,463. The old plan of subscription schools had been supplanted by the present admirable common school system. No man in Illinois has done more to bring about this change than Judge William Thomas. He early HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 319 advocated a system of popular education, and ably seconded every effort made by the friends of education. In fact nearly every plan which has had for its aim the advancement of the masses, has been vigorously aid- ed by the venerable Judge, and but few bills in the early days of legisla- tion but emanated from his mind, or bear the marks of his hand, where the object was the advancement of civilization. Judge Thomas, to whom reference is so often made in these pages, and who is so intimately connected with the history, is a native of War- ren now Allen County, Kentucky. He was born November 22, 1802. He began the study of his profession in the law-office of Governor James T. Morehead, continuing at Bowling Green with Hon. J. R. Underwood. July 5, 1823, when twenty-one years of age, he obtained his license to practice law, remaining with Mr. Underwood until September, 182rL That fall, with a horse, a little money, and an abundance of energy, he started for the Sangamon country. He describes his trip, his arrival at Jacksonville, and what he saw there, elsewhere in these pages, and repe- tition here is unnecessary. From the date of his arrival, he has been always prominently before the people of the county, and has been one of the foremost citizens in every good work. To him may be attributed the founding of many of the State institutions, the establishment of the common schools, the act of incorporation of colleges in 183'" the first act of the kind in the State the public city institutions, and, in fact, every beneficent object. Everything tending to the welfare of town, county,, and State, bears the impress of Judge Thomas' hand. He has been a faithful chronicler of events during his life here,, and to him, more than to any citizen of Morgan County, are the pub- lishers of this volume, and its readers, under lasting obligations for the accuracy and detail of its statements. He has freely given every aid in his power, every fact in his possession, and deserves from his fellow-citi- zens a lasting place in their memories. Morgan County contained at first all that country now comprised in Scott and Cass Counties. By reference to the Political History preced- ing this narrative, the reader will learn the causes leading to these divis- ions, and the time they were made. The division left the county with its present limits, save that portion on the north side, which, in 1843,. was set off to Cass County. THE OLD SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. The following history of the Association, with -its list of members,, was prepared by the Secretary, Mr. Timothy Chamberlain. The society is one of the best organized in the Western States. Mr. Chamberlain has- taken great pains in keeping the records of its meetings, and the list of its members, in an exceedingly neat and systematic manner in a book pre- pared by him expressly for this purpose : At a Fourth of July celebration at Arcadia in 1869, there were found to be a large number of the early settlers of the county, and the conversa- tion naturally turning to things and events of the past, and a desire having been expressed by many of the aged persons present to meet their friends of early days, it was decided among them that a call should be issued in the papers, and all invited to be present at a picnic. 320 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY, The following appeared in the Jacksonville Journal, of September 2, 1859 : " OLD SETTLERS' MEETING. A meeting of the old settlers of Mor- gan County will be held at Arcadia, Thursday, September 9th, in D. G. Henderson's grove, at which time Judge William Thomas, J. T. Jones, and M. P. Ayres, will speak. Other speakers are expected, and without doubt the picnic, for such it is to be, will be an occasion of great interest. It is desired that all those residing in the territory, which in 1830 was embraced in Morgan County, should be present and participate in the exercises. Old settlers are particulaily invited." The first regular meeting of the old settlers of Morgan, Cass, and Scott, was held in the grove near Arcadia, on Thursday, September 9th, 1869. Pioneers from all parts of these counties were on hand at an early hour. The exercises were opened with prayer, by Rev. Joel Goodrick. Hon. Joseph Morton, Capt. Yaples, Judge Whitlake, Bradley Thompson, M. P. Ayres, and others, made remarks appropriate to the occasion. A letter was read from Judge William Thomas, apologizing for and explain- ing his absence. Mr. Charles Cox was First Marshal of the day, and Mr. John M. Wilson assistant. Dr. John Craig was Secretary. Not less than 500 persons were present. An ode was sung, composed by Major George M. McConnel, of Jacksonville. The following resolution, offered by Mr. M. P. Ayres, was unanimously adopted : " Resolved, That we cherish tenderly the recollection of the names of our honored dead, the early pioneers of our county, and we realize that though dead, yet through their works they still speak, and we trust we may imitate their virtues, and show by our works our appreciation of the toils and trials endured in our behalf." It was intended that a regular association should be organized, so that hereafter annual meetings might be held, and every valuable act concerning the history of the county be preserved. However, the time was so fully occupied with other matters, that such an organization could not be effected, and a meeting was called for August 25, 1870, which met in Henderson's grove, near Arcadia, and after listening to speeches from Hon. Newton Cloud, Rev. N. P. Heath, Major G. M. McConnel, Senator Richard Yates, and others, a society was organized. A constitution was presented and read by Judge Wm. Thomas, and after being slightly amended, was adopted. According to its provisions all can become members who were in this region previous to the deep snow of 1830 and 1831. CONSTITUTION. On this 25th day of August, A. D. 1870, the old settlers residing in the counties of Morgan, Cass, and Scott, composed of the territory originally included in the County of Morgan, being assembled in Hender- son's grove, near Arcadia, in order to secure annual meetings with each other, and to perpetuate the acquaintance and friendship which existed among them during the first years of their residence, agree to organize a society to continue without limit of time, and that the following shall be the constitution : First. The society shall be called and known as the " Old Settlers of the County of Morgan." HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 321 Second. The society shall hold annual meetings at such times and places as each annual meeting shall designate for the next meeting. Third. For the present, the society shall be composed of those who settled within the limits of the county previous to the deep snow of 1830 and 1831. . Subsequent settlers may hereafter be admitted. Fourth. The officers of the society shall be a president, to preside at the annual meetings, three vice presidents, six directors, a secretary, a treasurer, a chaplain, and a marshal, all to be elected or appointed annually. Fifth. The general business of the society shall be superintended and directed by the president and directors, four of whom shall constitute a quorum. Sixth. The secretary shall make and keep a roll of the members, and record of the proceedings and action of the president and direc- tors, and of the society. Seventh. The treasurer shall safely keep the funds of the society, and pay them out on orders of the president and directors of the society. Eighth. The chaplain shall attend and open the annual meetings with prayer. Ninth. The marshal shall have the general superintendence of the grounds, or place of meeting, and act under orders of the presiding officer. Tenth. Each member of the society shall sign his or her name to this constitution, or cause the same to be signed, adding thereto the date of settlement and nativity. Eleventh. This constitution shall be subject to alteration or amend- ment at any regular meeting. An ode was sung, composed by Mrs. J. R. Bailey, entitled the " Pioneer," tune of " E. Pluribus Unum." Some slight amendments have since been made to the constitution, one of which admits members to the society who settled here previous to 1840. The present officers of the society are: President, Wm. Thomas; Vice-Presidents, Elliott Stevenson, William Lindsey, and Jesse Henry; Secretary, Timothy Chamberlain ; Treasurer, John Robertson; Chaplain, Rev. William Gallaher: Marshal, Charles Sample ; Finance Committee, Bazzill Davenport, John A. Wright, John Tureman ; Executive Com- mittee, Huram Reeve, John Bergen, Joseph Morton, Keeling Berry, Samuel Brockman. There is no charge made, and all who have been in the limits of old Morgan previous to 1840, have frequently been invited to sign the consti- tution, or send their names to the secretary. Yet there are a great many persons who have neglected to attend to this matter, and their names therefore do not appear in the following list of members : Atherton, Ann, born New York, 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Anderson, James S., born Ky., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1830* Angel, John, born Ind., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. .. Adams, Joseph, born Ky., 1805; settled Morgan co. 1830. Aedor, Jacob, born Md., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Adams, G. W. born 111., 1835 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Antel, James, born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1820. 322 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Ayres, Marshall P., born Pa., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Ay res, Augustus E., born Pa., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Akers, Peter Rev., born Va., 1790; settled Morgan co. 1834. Braner, John, born Va., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1830. Black, Samuel, born Va., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. Fall, 1828. Bancroft, J. H., born Conn., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Bergen J. F., born N. J., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1828. Broad well, Wm. H., born 111., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1823, born in Morgan co. Bennett, Isaac R., born Ky., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. September, 1829. Bridgeman, Hezekiah, born Va., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. Dec. 9, 1830. Beggs, Wm. Harvey, born Ind., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. Sept. 1829. Buckley, Mary E., born N. Y., 1813 ; settled in American bottom, 1819. Bedwell, Rachel, born Ohio, 1799. Was in Morgan before Jacksonville was laid out. Husband hauled logs for jail. Boyer, J. H., born Ky., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1830. Boyer, Jacob, born N. C., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1822. Bridgeman, Franklin, born Va., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. Dec. 9, 1830. Black, Mildred Mrs., born Va., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Boyce, Elizabeth Mrs., born Tenn., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1830 ; died 1875. Becroft, Aquilla, born Md., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Birdsal, Clark, born N. Y., 1800; settled Morgan co. 1821. Brown, Bedford, born Ky., 1799; settled Morgan co. 1828; died 1873. Brown, Geo. S., born Ky., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Beers, N. B., born Conn., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1845. Bateman, Samuel, born Eng., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Buckanan, Hardin, born 111., 1820; settled Morgan co. 1820. Beavis, William, born Eng., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Berry, Keeling, born Va., 1818 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Black, William, born Ga., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Brown, James, born Tenn., 1825 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Brown, John, born N. C., 1800 : settled Morgan co. Fall, 1828. Barton, J. M. Mrs., born Mass., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. 1827; died 1877. Barber, Thomas, born Eng., 1809; settled Morgan co. 1835. Brown, L. W., born Ky., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Brewer, W. T., born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Bridgeman, Isaac, born 111., 1831 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Cox, Charles, born Ky., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1829. Craig, Margretta A., born 111., 1829 ; settled Morgan co. January, 1829. Cloud, Newton, born N. C., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1827. Chamberlain, A. T. Mrs., born N. J., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. April, 1820 ; daughter of James Buckley ; died March 1877. Oouchman, B. F., born Ky., 1822; settled Morgan co. November, 1827. Carson, William, born Va., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1824 ; father kept the first hotel in Jacksonville ; died 1876. Cox, Corriden, born Va., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1829. Chappel, Eliza A. Mrs., born Ky., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. Sept., 1827. Caldwell, Robt. L., born Ky., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1830. douchman, E. R., born Ky., 1819; settled Morgan co. October, 1827. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 323 Clegg, Elizabeth Mrs., born Eng., 1804; settled Morgan co. 1838. Conlee, Isaac, born Tenn., 1795 ; settled Morgan co. 1826 ; Baptist min- ister, came to Illinois 1815. Chamberlain, Timothy, born Mass., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. May 14, 1832. Carson, Thomas M., born Va., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. 1825 ; in Illinois, 1824 ; died Feb. 24, 1875. Carson, John A. J., born Va., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Chamberlain, Timothy S., born Mass., 1786 ; settled Morgan co. Decem- ber, 1832 ; died July 26, 1873. Cook, Mar} r , born Tenn., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Catlin, Joel, born Conn., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Crum, A. A., born Ind., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Crum, John W., born Ind., 1823; settled Morgan co. 1831; brothers, Craig, J. Perry, born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1834; died, 1877. Carter, George, born Conn., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Cooper, Armstrong, born Tenn., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Chandler, Charles, born Conn., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1832 ; physician. Cosner, T. J., born N. C., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Carruthers, Allen, born Ark., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1825. Cox. J. M., born 111., 1825 ; settled Morgan co. 1825 ; born in Morgan. Craig, Edward, born Ky., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Craig, Mary Ann Mrs., born Ky., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Craig, James, born Ky., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Craig, Maria S. Mrs., born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co, 1827. Chambers, J. R., born 111., 1830 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Conlee, Allen, born 111., 1825 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Carts, George, born Ky., 1803; settled Morgan co. 1822. Cole, David, born N. J., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. May, 1839. Cole, Sarah S. Mrs., born Ky.; settled Morgan co. Fall, 1828. Conover, Vis. V., born 111., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Davenport, Bazzill, born 111., 1832 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Davenport, David, born 111., 1830 ; settled Morgan co. 1830; died 1877. Daniels, Bukoi. born III., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. July, 1828. Daniels, Ve.rtu, l>orn Mass., 1799; settled Morgan co. November, 1827; died 187t>. Daniels, Nancy W. Mrs., born Mass., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. Novem- ber, 1827 ; husband and wife ; died 1872. Deaton, Joseph P., born Va., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. April, 1821. Davenport, Milton C., born K-y., 1822 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1825. Duncan, S. S., born Ky., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. March, 1822. Deaton, Levi, born Va., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1820. Dean, Levi, born Vt., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1838. Deaton, Sarah, born Tenn., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Deaton, Matilda, born Tenn., 1818 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Duncan, Elizabeth C. Mrs., born N. Y., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1827; widow of Gov. Joseph Duncan; died 1876. Deaton, Thos. jr., born 111., 1833 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Deaton, Mary A., born Ky., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Dietrech, Jacob H., born Pa., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. 324 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Devore, Uriah J., born Ky., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Daugherty, James M., born Ky., 1799 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Daugherty, Sarah Mrs., born Va., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. Davis, J. A., born 111., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Dick, Levi, born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Dodsworth, Stephen, born Eng., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Deaton, William, born Va., 1819; settled Morgan co. 1820. Deatherage, Achilles, born N. C., 1799 ; settled Morgan co. 1825. Devore, A. B., born Ky., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Dennis, Reuben, born N. C., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Douglas, A., born Conn., 1791 ; settled Morgan co. 1856 ; 111. in 1817. Deaton, J^imes, born 111., 1836 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. Deaton, Martha A., born 111., 1832 ; settled Morgan co. 1832 ; daughter of D. Ingals. Davenport, Brax, born Ohio, 1827 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Edmonson, M. C., born Mo., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Evans, Arden, born Tenn., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Ennis, Henry M., born Ky., 1824; settled Morgan co. 1834. Eads, Ghamock, born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Epler, Jacob, born Ind., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Epler, David, born Ind., 1804; settled Morgan co. 1831 ; died 1877. Epler, Cyrus. English, Doc. Nathaniel, born Va., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. Foreman, Anderson, born N. C., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. November, 182.8. Foreman, Elizabeth W., born 111., 1823; settled Morgan co. 1828. French, Samuel, born N. H., 1813; settled Morgan co. 1837. Goodpasterre, J. J., born Tenn., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Greaton, David, born Ohio, 1810 ; settled Morgan co. February, 1825.' Goodpasterre, William, born Tenn., 1810; settled Morgan co. 1826. Gains, B. F., born Va., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. December, 1830 ; iu the State in 1825. Goltra, M. C., born N. J., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. Gatton, Zachariah W., born Ky., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Goodrick, Joel, born Va., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Gallaher, Wm. G., born Tenn., 1801 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Graves, George W., born 111., 1833 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Gorham, John, born N. Y., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Graham, J. W., born 111., 1833 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Gunn, Jesse C.,born Tenn., 1825 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Gunn, Hannah T. Mrs., born Ky., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Graff, George, born Ky., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Gunn, A. S., born Tenn., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Gaines, R. G., born Va., 1801 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Goodrick, R. A. Mrs., born Ky.; settled Morgan co. 1835. Henderson, Stephen Capt., born Va., 1793 ; settled Morgan co. Sept. 1825. Hudson, Isaac, born Ky., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. March, 1827. Henderson, Susan Mrs., born Va., 1801 ; settled Morgan co. Sept. 1825; wife of Capt. Stephen H., married in Ohio, 1819 ; died, 1863. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 325 Henderson, David G., born Va., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. April, 1826. Henderson, Mary, born Va., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. 1826 ; wife of D. G. H.; died September 15, 1872. Huffman, Alexander, born Va., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. Nov. 1827. Huffman, Mildred, born Va., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1827 ; wife of A. H. Hurst, Wm. S., born Ky., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. May, 1829. Humphrey, Wm. D., born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. Nov. 1828. House, Nancy, born 111., 1824; settled Morgan co. Spring, 1825 ; born in Sangamon. Hudson, Peter S., born Md., 1803; settled Morgan co. Fall, 1827. Henderson, Chas. born Va., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. June, 1831. Henderson, Jackson, born 111., 1827 ; settled Morgan co. July 24, 1827 ; still lives on the same farm where he was born. Hale, Mrs., born 111., 1831 ; settled Morgan co. October 29, 1831. Humphrey, B. N., born Ky., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. May 2, 1829. Hopkins, Henry, born Del., 1794 ; settled Morgan co. 1825. Hughes, John A., born Ky., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Holmes, William, born N.~Y., 1799; settled Morgan co. 1826. Huckstep, Thos. C., born Va., 1805; settled Morgan co. 1831. Holliday, Miles, born Tenn., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1825. Houston, Jonas Ira, born 111., 1828, settled Morgan co. 1828 ; born in Morgan. Heath, N. P. "Rev., born Ohio, 1818 ; 111., 1819. Harding, Peyton, born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Hamilton, John C. Rev., born Ky., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Hamilton, John A., born Ohio, 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Hembrough, Richard, born Eng., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Henry, John, born Ky., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Hutchinson, W. A., born Ind., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Hall, H. H., born Va., 1827 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Harris, W. P., born Ky., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. Spring, 1829. Hilliard, Joseph, born Va., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Hart, David, born Ky., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Henry, Elijah, born Ky., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Holliday, Charles L., born Ky., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Henderson, D. Pat., born Ky., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Hayes, Joseph, born 111., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1821. Haskell, Emma Mrs., born Ky.; settled Morgan co. 1830. Hutchinson, Wm. A., born Ind., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Ingals, A., born N. Y., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Jackson, Quirzah, born 111.; married to Charles Sample, 1844. James, Robert, born Va., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. May, 1820 ; died, 1873. James, Eleanor, born Va., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; deceased wife of R. J. Johnson, Barbara, born Ohio, 1809; settled Morgan co. 1829. Jones, Jane Mrs., born Md., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. 1827 ; widow of Thos. Church and John T. Jones. 326 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Jordon, Eliza Mrs. born Pa., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Johnson, Dianah, born N. C., 1790 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Johnson, Alex., born Ky., 1819; settled Morgan co. 1829. Jumpp, E. P., born Ky., 1822; settled Morgan co. 1833. Jordon, Wm. S., born 111., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1822. Knight, Cyrus Dr., born Me., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1837. King, Joseph W., born Conn., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1838. Keplinger, Samuel, born Tenn., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. King, Joseph O. Lackey> Henry, born Ky., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. September, 1830. Lackey, Marv, born Ky., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. September, 1830 ; wife of H. L.; died 1869. Loar, George, born Ky., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. September, 1830. Loar, Ann, born Ky., 1805 ; settled Morgan co. September, 1830 ; wife of G. L. Lazenby, John, born Eng., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. July 30, 1829. Long, W. George, born N. C., 1799; settled Morgan co. Oct. 1828; died 1876. Lee, John, born Eng., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Lazenby, Sarah, born Eng., 1804; settled Morgan co. 1829. Leonard, E. B., born 111., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Lindsey, James, born Tenn., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Loughary, Arthur, born Tenn., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Langley, James, born Ky., 1786; settled Morgan co. 1829; 111. in 1824. Lybarger, E. J. Mrs., born 111., 1832; settled Morgan co. 1832 ; daughter of Levi Church. Love, G. E., born 111., 1835; settled Morgan co. 1835. Larimore, Priscella Mrs., born Ky., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. April, 1830. Morton, Joseph Col., born Va., 1801 ; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; settled in Madison co. in 1819. Mattingly, S. J., born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1824. Morton, Mary Mrs., born Ky., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1824; wife of Jos. Morton ; died February 14, 1874. Miller, E. T., born Ky.,1801; settled Morgan co. June, 1827 ; in Illinois, 1817. Miller, Lucinda D. Mrs., born N. Y., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1824; in Illinois in 1819; wife of E. T. Miller. Massey, Horatio H., born N. Y., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1826; Massey, Stephen S., born N. Y., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Marhoe, Samuel, born Pa., 1820; settled Morgan co. 1840. Mathews, Saml. T. Col., born Ky., 1799 ; settled Morgan co. 1821 ; died 1875. Mathews, Richard, born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1821. Massie, Henderson, born Va., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Montgomery, John W., born Va., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Metcalf, Emanuel, born 111., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Mereia, Jacob, born Va., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. McDonald, A. N., born Scotland, 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Moss, J. B., born Tenn., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 327 Morrison, Robert Doc., born Va., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Morrison, A. A. Mrs., born 111., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1821 ; wife of Dr. R. M. McCorraack, J. L., born 111., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Mansfield, James, born Ky., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Massey, Silas, born N. H., 1787 ; settled Moigan co. 1826 ; died 1873. McAlistor, Mary O. Mrs., born Tenn., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. Novem- ber, 1827 ; daughter of V. Daniels. McPherson, Wm. S.,Jborn Va. 1814; settled Morgan co. 1822. McElfresh, Greenberry, born Ky., 1832 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Osborn, Harrison, born Ga., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Pitner, Alex., born Tenn., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Parrott, R. D., born Ky., 1822 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1835. Petefish, John R., born Ohio, 1825 ; settled Morgan co. Fall, 1830. Patterson, A. C., born Ky., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1830. Patterson, Wm. J., born Ky., 1810; settled Morgan co. 1830. Patterson, Franklin H., born Ky., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Post, William, born N. Y., 1802 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Petefish, Samuel H., born Va., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Petefish, N. M. Mrs., born 111., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1828 ; wife of S. H. P. Peters, Aaron, born Pa., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Peters, David, born Ohio, 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Peters, Sarah Miss, born Ky., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Phillips, H. C., born N. C., 1812 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Petree, Francis, born N. C., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. 1821. Park, J. A., born Ky., 1818 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Patterson, Wm., born Ky., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Pitner, Jane W. Mrs., born Tenn., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. 1826 ; wife of Montgomery Pitner ; died 1875. Redding, John, born 111., 1824; settled Morgan co. 1824. Roach, Joseph, born 111., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Ratikin, William, born Ky.,1816 ; settled Morgan co. December, 1829. Robertson, M. A., born 111., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1824 ; wife of J. Robertson ; died 1867. Robertson, Charles, born N. Y., 1800 ; settled in Morgan co. April, 1821; died 1877. Reeve, Huram, born N. C., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; in St. Clair 1816. Reeve, Isaac B., born N. C., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1820. Reeve, John, born N. 0^1802 ; settled Morgan co. March, 1820. Rudisell, Harriett Mrs., born 111., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. October 1821 ; wife of Daniel Rudisell. Reed, Stephen H., born Ky., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Riggs, Milton W., born 111., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1825 ; born in Lawrence co. Ross, L. B., born Tenn., 1812; settled Morgan co. October, 1827. Richardson, William, born Eng., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1831. Rearick, Emma Mrs., born N. J., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; widow of Capt. G. D. R. 328 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Ruble, Jesse, born Term., 1797; settled Morgan co. 1826; died July, 1871. Ruble, Richard, born 111., 1825 ; settled Morgan eo. 1825. Reed, Maro M. L. Dr., born Conn., 1801 ; settled Morgan co. 1830 ; died 1877. Reed, Elizabeth L. Mrs., born Conn., 1807 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Rodgers, Joseph W , born Ky. ; settled Morgan co. 1826. Rudisell, Daniel, born Pa., 1799 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Rubart, Jacob, born 111., 1831 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Redding, J. N., born Ky., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. 1822. Reed, Abraham, born Ky., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1822. Rucker, C. C. Mrs., born N. J., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Rude, Samuel W., born Ohio, 1818 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Rohrer, Albert; born 111., 1830 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Rigg, A. P., born Ky., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Russell, Hezekiah, born N. C., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Redding, John, born 111., 1824; settled Morgan co. 1824. Rynders, A., born N. Y., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Roberts, James A., born Tenn., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Roberts^ Wm. H., born Tenn., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Reynolds, Joseph, born Tenn., 1810; settled Morgan co. 1828. Rutledge, Wm. J., born Va., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Reed, Wm. L., born 111., 1811 ; settled Morgan co. 1822. Rorkwell, Wm., born 111., 1827 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Richardson, B. B., born Tenn., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1821 ; died 1873. Riggs, Scott, born N. C.,1779; settled Morgan co . 1825. Robertson, John, born 111., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Stevenson, Benj. F., born Ky., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. May, 1829. Scott, Edward, born England, 1829; settled Morgan co. December, 1829;. six months old when he arrived in America. Stevenson, Wm., born Ky., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. November, 1829. Spates, Preston, born Ky., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1830. Stacy, James D., born 111., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. June, 1828. Stacy, Martha A., born Ky., 1829 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Stacy, Mathew, born Va., 1799; settled Morgan co. October, 1827. Stevenson, James, born Ky., 1813; settled Morgan co. October, 1829. Spotts, E. W., born Del., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. October, 1832. Sinclair, Watson, born Tenn., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Scott, Thomas, born England, 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Stevenson, Elliott, born Ky., 1804 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Smith, John, born Tenn., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. November 10, 1837. Stevenson, Fleming, born Ky., 1809; settled Morgan co. 1828; died December 24, 1874. Smith, John, born Pa., 1790; settled Morgan co. 1824. Sample, David, born 111., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Stevenson, E. J. Mrs., born Ky., 1809; settled Morgan co. 1828. Simmons, David M., born Ky., 1826 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Stockton, Allen, born Ky., 1810; settled Morgan co. 1830; lived and died within 100 yards where first settled; died 1871. Spates, M. A. Mrs., born Ky., 1825; settled Morgan co. October, 1830 ; wife of Pres. Spates. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 329 Shaffar, Sophia Mrs., born Va., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Simms, L. Black, born 111., 1817. Sturtevant, Julian M., born Conn., 1805; settled Morgan co. 1829. Sprague, Joshua, born N. Y., 1791 ; settled Morgan co. 182:>. Shepherd, Thornton, born N. C., 1795; settled Morgan co. 1830. Smith, Ashford, born Va., 1790; settled Morgan co. 1830. Sample, Charles, born 111., 1818 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Short, Samuel, born Va., 1804; settled Morgan co. 1829. Stacy, Thomas P., born Ky., 1827 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Scholey, Charles, born Tenn., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Sheets, Isaac, born Ky., 1810; settled Morgan co. 1829. Shelton, Martha E., born Pa., 1815 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Sirams, Wesley, born Ky., 1819; settled Morgan co. 1827. Spiers, John, born N. C., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Shepherd, Joseph J., bor;i Ky., 1827; settled Morgan co. 1830. Sharpe, Jonathan, born Term., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Strawn, James G., born Ohio, 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Stevenson, William, born Ky., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Stribling, B. F. W., born Ky., 1819 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Sanders, L. F., born Va., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. 1835. Short, W. F., born Ohio, 1829 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Sheffield, G. W., born Va., 1815; settled Morgan co. 1829. Storey, J. W., born Tenn., 1827; settled Morgan co. 1829. Simms, Silas, born Ky., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Smith, Samuel, born N. C., 1803 ; settled Morgan co. 1833. Samples, Andrew, born Ky., 1798 ; settled Morgan co. 1824. Seymore, John P., born N. C., 1828 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Seymore, Bird, born N. C., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Seymore, Jackson, born N. C., 1822 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Steele, James, borri Pa., 1808; settled Morgan co. 1837. Saunderson, Thomas, born Tenn., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Stagg, Isabella A., born 111., 1830 ; settled Morgan co. 1830 ; daughter of D. Ingals. Sibbald, Agnes W., born Scotland, 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1836. Spaulding, Horace. Spaulding, Mrs. Thompson, R. Davis, born Ky., 1811 ; settled .Morgan co. June, 1829. Trotter, W. D. R. Rev., born Ky., 1806 ; settled Morgan co. May, 1830. Thompson, J. Bradley, born Ky., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. June, 1827. Thomas, William, born Ky., 1802; settled Morgan co. Oct., 1826. Turnham, Joseph, born Incl., 1823 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Turnham, John B., born Tenn., 1810 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Tureman, George, born Ky., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Trotter, Joseph A., born Ind., 1830 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. Turner, W. D., born 111., 1822; settled Morgan co. 1827, Turner, A. J., born 111., 1814; settled Morgan co. 1828. Tunnell, Stephen, born Tenn., 1820 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Thompson, N. B., born 111., 1813 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Taylor, William, born Ky., 1814 ; settled Morgan co. 1821. Van Winkle, Hiram, born Ky.; settled Morgaji co. 1829. 330 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Vaughn, George C., born Va., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1830. Van Winkle, John, born Ga., 1800 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Whorton, John, born Ky., 1799 ; settled Morgan co. Oct. 1830. Wilson, John, born Ky., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1823. Wilson, Charles R., born N. J., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. April, 1820 ; son of Aaron Wilson ; died 1873. Wolcott, Elizur, born Conn., 1817; settled Morgan co. 1830. Westrope, John, born Ohio, 1805; settled Morgan co. 1828. Wyatt, James L., born Ky., 1824 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Wells, Alexander, born Pa., 1782 ; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; 111., 1807. Wiswall, Samantha Mrs., born Vt., 1802; settled Morgan co. 1820 ; relict of Thomas Wiswall. Williamson, Wm., born Ky., 1792 ; settled Morgan co. 1834. Williams, Samuel, born Ky., 1822; settled Morgan co. 1827. Wilson, John M., born Ky., 1815; settled Morgan co. 1824. Whitlock, H. G., born 111., 1831 ; settled Morgan co. 1831. "Walker, Alexander, born Ky., 1816 ; settled Morgan co. 1827. Wilson, C. J., born Tenn., 1817 ; settled Morgan co. 1832. Wyatt, E. M., born Ky., 1809 ; settled Morgan co. 1828. Waters, Z., born Ky., 1821 ; settled Morgan co. 1825. Wright, William, born Ky., 1808 ; settled Morgan co. 1829. Wimmer, G. W., born Md., 1796 ; settled Morgan co. 1822 ; 1819, in Sangamon. Young, Dudley, born Va., 1797 ; settled Morgan co. ,1830. THE COMMON SCHOOLS. The first attempts at popular education in Morgan County, were made in the Winter of 1820-21. That winter a school was taught in a cabin of one of the settlers. But few scholars attended there were few to attend and the term lasted but a short time. The teacher received his pay in the currency of the time coonskins and beeswax and proba- bly, as in after years, " boarded 'round/' The next year another simi- lar school was taught in the new settlements, and so continued until the settlement of the country justified the erection of a house for educational purposes. This was, like all buildings of its day, made of logs ; had no window glass, no stove, and a puncheon floor. The door was hung on a wooden hinge, a huge fire-place supplied heat, and on one side a log was left out, the interstice covered with greased paper to admit light. The teachers of that day were generally of an itinerant class of ped- agogues, often with little learning. Among them, however, were some excellent teachers, who are yet kindly remembered by their pupils, now r old men and old women. The schools were always " pay schools," that is, each patron paid a certain amount per scholar, for the quarter. This pay almost always consisted in the common currency of pioneer times coonskins and bees- wax. Peltry of various kinds was also used, for money was not to be had. These articles the master could use to pay his board, when he oc- cupied one place, or could exchange for other necessaries of life. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 331 About 1833, Joseph Duncan, then a member of the General Assem- bly, introduced into that body a bill for the establishment and promotion of a system of common schools. The bill passed that body, and became a law. It, however, was like many other excellent measures, in advance of its time, and by the next legislature repealed. Nothing more was done until 1837, when at the session of 1836-7, Judge William Thomas, who has in various ways done so much for the State, drew up a bill, pre- sented it before the Assembly, and succeeded in having it passed. This bill was the foundation of the present common school system of Illinois. It was most admirable in its provisions for the schools, and with various amendments and alterations, is yet in force. Some time previous to its passage, the National Congress had passed an act dividing among the States a large fund, known as the Suffrage Act Fund. By its provis- ions Illinois had received as her share, over six hundred thousand dol- lars. The majority of the legislators wanted this fund to use in further- ing the great Internal Improvement System, then just culminating in the financial crash of 1837. The Judge, however, succeeded in securing half the fund for the benefit of the schools. The exact amount secured was $335,592.32. By this stroke of policy on the part of the Judge, this large sum of money was secured for the cause of education, and laid the basis of the generous support now given the schools. Congress, in its division of the Northwest Territory, had made provision for the sale of every sixteenth section of land, the proceeds to be applied to a fund for the promotion and maintenance of popular edu- cation. Morgan County contains in its present limits, sixteen of these sections, or over ten thousand acres of land. Judge Thomas was appoint- ed Commissioner by the County Court, to sell these lands. He dis- charged his duty with his usual faithfulness, and a large increase was thereby made to the school fund. The old log school houses, upon the passage of this law, soon began to give way to more comfortable frame structures, which in some instan- ces are now replaced by brick structures, filled with every modern con- venience. The advance of civilization ; the improvement of the country ; the educated tastes of the people, and the demand for a more advanced and better class of instruction have brought about a higher grade of teaching, and a consequent demand for advanced and excellent teachers. Time will undoubtedly show a still higher grade, and it is hoped it will soon be that the profession, so fraught with the interests of all, will not be made simply a stepping stone to other and more lucrative callings. The day of subscription schools did not entirely cease in all cases until about 1853. That year the school superintendent came upon the field, and his work soon manifested itself. Longer terms were secured, and in a few cases graded schools established. The Illinois College, the Female Academy, and othe similar institutions, were doing a good work and each one molding the public mind to a higher course of instruction. Among the private schools of the county, started in early days, none de- serve more mention than the one known as " Ebenezer Church and School." It was started about four miles north of town, about 1832, by Rev. Peter Akers, D.D., now an old minister in retired life in Jack- sonville. Some of its teachers were, Rev. John M. Piper, in the Autumn of 1835 or 1836 ; Rev. John Clark, who had been a missionary at Green 332 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Bay, Wisconsin, brought to be educated there, George Copway, John Johnson, and Peter Marksman, three Indian boys, who afterward became of great benefit to their fellow men in the frontier. Others that he brought from his mission were, Samuel Spates, David Weatherford, and Allen Huddleson. Some of these are yet living and doing good service in their various fields of labor. Dr. Akers, so long identified with the interests of Morgan County, was born on the first day of September, 1790, in Campbell County, State of "Virginia, at the house of his parents, John and Agnes Akers, three miles southeast of the court house. He was about seven years old when he was sent to a common school. When sixteen years old, a school of little children was taught by him. He next went to different institu- tions of learning, both in Virginia, North Carolina, etc., where he both taught classes and was taught a full course of English, Latin, and Greek languages. His graduation ticket of A.M., was given him in Transylva- nia University, Kentucky. He was also president, for some time, of a State Institution in Mount Sterling, Kentucky. He studied law with Ma- jor W. P. Fleming, in Flemingsburg, Kentucky. And in March, 1817, he obtained license to plead in all the courts of that State ; and being re- ceived into partnership with Major Fleming, he entered into an extensive practice for four years ; and meanwhile edited and published a political Whig paper, called The Star.- Having married in 1818, and his wife being taken sick unto death, in the early part of 1821, he received an abiding conviction of his need of religion. And his wife having departed in great peace, when he found peace in believing, he was most deeply convinced that it was his duty to quit the practice of law, and preach the balance of his days. Therefore he joined the itinerant bod}- of the M. E. Church, in 1821, and having filled the various appointments as- signed him, and having married his second wife, he was, at his request, transferred to Illinois Conference in 1832. Jacksonville became the chief place of his subsequent abode ; but having bought a place about four miles north of Jacksonville, in 1832, he had there a church and school house built, called Ebenezer, where he instituted a Manual-Labor school, in which, by him and others, were taught the various branches of English literature, and also the Latin and Greek languages. He was also three times made president of McKendree College in Lebanon, Illinois. In this institution he served in all, about eight years. He also filled other appointments, stations, presiding-elder districts, etc., in Illinois, for many years, then went, labored and preached eight years in Minnesota ; returned to Jacksonville, Illinois, and preached six years on two districts ; was then superannuated ; since which this is the seventh year. This year, 1878, is also the forty-sixth since he first came to Jacksonville, where he yet lives in his eighty-eighth year. He has preached in most of the United States, while filling different appoint- ments. In 1833, September, he was sent by Conference to " McKendree Seminary" which, by the next legislature, he and the trustees, got to be chartered as a " College ;" to which he was again sent by Conference, in October, 1834. Other schools in different localities were founded as the population increased and as towns were started. The colleges and superior advan- tages offered in the county seat, soon took precedence over all others, and HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 333 finally drew all to them. Each town now supports its graded school only, while Jacksonville offers to all advanced education equal to any city in the Union. The statistics of the county schools heretofore given, show fully their standing and efficacy. Before giving them we will, however, notice the work of each superintendent and the advance made by each. In 1853, Mr. W. Catlin (since deceased), the first county superin- tendent, was elected to the office. The schools were paid partly by sub- scription and partly from the public funds, and but few of the teachers "boarded 'round." Mr. Catlin was succeeded by that well-known educator, Newton Bateman. The examination of teachers now became more rigid, and marked improvement in every way was manifested. Mr. Bateman being elected to the State Superintendency, Mr. Thomas Springer, now an attorney in Jacksonville, succeeded him. Improvement in all things still went on during his term of office. He was followed by Mr. S. M. Martin, and he by the present incumbent, Mr. Henry Higgins, elected in 1873, and re-elected in 1877. The last log school house disappeared in the Summer of 1876, giving place to a frame one of more and better proportions, and filled with better furniture and apparatus. In the Summer of 1874, the first Institute was held in the county. Prior to this time an association was formed among the most prominent teachers, and Mr. Higgins chosen its president. From an average monthly attendance of fifteen or twenty, the number has increased to more than double either number. The Institutes are held every year, lasting from three to six weeks, and are unusually well attended. An association at Waverley ineets monthly, having the same object in view the promotion and advancement of the teachers, and their profession. The following statistics, taken from the records in the office of the County Superintendent, show fully the present condition of the common schools of Morgan County, and are in striking contrast to any preserved from the records of forty years ago. For the year ending September 30, 1877, there were reported 3,063 male, and 3,441 female 7,044 persons of school age. There were also reported 15 brick school houses, and 97 frame 112 in all. 86 male, and 84 female 170 teachers, whose average length of schools were 7.8 months. The average monthly wages paid to male teachers was $61.00; to female, $43.25; the total amount expended for school purposes was $97,990.76. H 334 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. JACKSONVILLE. " I hear the tread of pioneers, Of nations yet to be, The first low wash of waves, where soon Shall roll a human sea." \ This city very deservedly bears the name of the " Athens of the West." As its history progresses, the reader will observe the spirit which char- acterized many of its earliest inhabitants. The founding of a college was one of the first things to engross their attention, and from the number the city now sustains, this interest has never waned. Jacksonville is most pleasantly situated, and contains at present about twelve thousand inhabitants. When the law establishing the County of Morgan was passed January 31, 1823. not an inhabitant dwelt on the future city's site. Owing to the fact that at that time but few families lived within the bounds of the new county then including Scott and Cass Counties the legislature thought best to provide, that the county seat should be tem- porary only, leaving to some future legislature to fix a permanent seat of justice. This temporary county seat was located at a place called " Olmstead's Mounds," near where Mr. Adam Allison now lives, and here, in an old cabin on Mr. Swinerton's farm, the first county courts were held. But one year elapsed ere the people evinced a desire for a permanent county seat, and on January 6, 1825, John Howard, Abraham Pickett, and John T. Lusk, of Madison County, were appointed Commis- sioners to locate the permanent seat of justice for the new county. They were required to meet at Mr. James Deaton's on the first Monday in March following, and after being duly sworn were to proceed to select a site for the county seat as " near as possible to the center of the territory as practicable, having a due regard to the present and future population." In this law it was also provided that if said county seat should be located upon land belonging to any private citizen, the owner or owners of the same should donate to the county twenty acres, to be laid out in lots and sold, the proceeds of which should be applied to the building of a court house and jail for the county. In obedience to this law, the three persons appointed located the county seat in the center of a quarter section of land composed of the east half of the northeast quarter of section twenty, and the west half of the northwest quarter of section twenty-one, in township fifteen, north of the base line, and in range ten west of the third principal meridian. The day this county seat was located the land belonged to the gov- ernment of the United States, but the next day, at nine o'clock in the morning, the government sold it at private sale at one dollar and a quarter per acre, to Thomas Arnett and Isaac Dial, two citizens residing near the place Arnett purchasing the tract in section twenty, and Dial the tract in section twenty-one. Arnett and Dial resolved, in connection with the county, to lay out a town upon this land, and by an agreement between these owners and the County Commissioners' Court, a line was drawn from east to west, through the center of the quarter section, and Arnett and Dial conveyed, by deeds to the county, each twenty acres immediately HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 335 on the north side of that line. This donation by those proprietors con- tained forty acres, being double the quantity required by the law to be given to the county. On the 10th of March, 1825, those proprietors, for themselves, and the county court for the county, laid out a town on eighty acres of land, in a square form, in the center of the one hundred and sixty acre tract, the county owning the north half and the proprietors the south half, and after much research and deliberation in selecting a name, they called the town Jacksonville, after General Andrew Jackson, he being the great man of that day. Previous to that time there had been a public road laid out from Springfield, the then recently located county seat of Sangamon County, to the town of Naples, on the Illinois River, in Morgan County. This road, by way of eminence and distinction, was called the State road. This State road passed east and west on the top of the ridge of land directly over the spot selected for the county seat. The surveyor who laid out the town (Mr. Johnston Shelton) began the survey by laying out a central square of land, containing something more than five acres, directly in the center of the one hundred and sixty acre tract, the State road running through the center of the square. Upon this State road he located a street, sixty feet wide, intending it to run due east and west across the one hundred and sixty acres, and on the north line of the land belonging to the proprietors ; thus locating one-half of the square and one -half of the width of the street on the land of the private owners, and the other half on the land of the county. This street was called State street. A street was then laid out running north and south through the center of the land and the central square, of the same width, and was called Main street. Taking these two streets as base lines, the town was laid out into square blocks, of one hundred and eighty feet nine inches on each side, which blocks were divided into three lots, each of equal size. All other streets, except those two, were made forty feet wide, and the alleys twenty-five feet, all running at right angles with each other. The county offices and all county business were removed from the temporary county seat at Olmstead's Mound, in the Summer of 1825, and the first Circuit Court was held at Jacksonville in September of that year. When the Commissioners located the seat of justice, they found on the site one cabin occupied by a hatter named Alexander Cox, who made caps of furs for the settlers. This cabin stood near the fountain in the Public Square, and was a comfortable, though primitive affair. Almost contemporary with the laying out of the town, this cabin was purchased by Mr. Thomas Carson, also a hatter by trade, who emigrated hither from Sangamon County. He was a native of Virginia. From the Old Domin- ion he removed to Kentucky, then the western terminus of almost all emigrants. From this State he brought his wife to the new State of Illinois, then a comparative wilderness, and, following in the steps of the greater part of emigrants from Kentucky to the Prairie State, came to the Sangamo country. By some means he was induced to locate in the new County of Morgan, and as been stated, purchased Mr. Cox's cabin. He soon after removed it just south of East State Street, fronting the Public Square. Placing the cabin a little in the rear of the corner, he erected to the front a large hewed log dwelling, in which he opened a 336 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. tavern. The sash for the windows of this house were carried by Mrs. Carson from Jersey Prairie on horseback. As the county was incorDorated in a municipal capacity, he was required to procure a license In all licenses to keep public houses, or ferries, at that date the rates of charges were established. By the destruction of the court house and its records in the Autumn of 1827, all such records were destroyed, and we have no means of determining such charges save by those prescribed after that ev^nt. It is probably correct to suppose that the prices allowed for entertainment did not change much in that short interval, and we can very safely assume that Mr. Carson received for rum, brandy, gin, and wine twenty-five cents per half pint ; for whisky, half that sum for the same quantity ; for a meal of victuals or keeping a horse over night, twenty -five cents; for lodging twelve and one-half cents, and for feeding a horse six and one-fourth cents. Mr. Huram Reeve and some others think that Mr. David Tefft opened a tavern in a small building sixteen feet square, erected by him on the east side of the Square previous to the open- ing of Mr. Carson's. Mrs. Carson stated to Mr. J. R. Bailey that her hus- band procured his license first, and was the first tavern-keeper in the town. This opinion was confirmed by Mr. Dennis Rockwell, the first county clerk, and is probably correct. The tavern of Mr. Carson was removed to East Morgan Street to give place for the erection of the Congregational church, which was afterward known as the " Union Hall." The old building is partly standing at this time. The third hotel in the town was not built until 1828. It was situated on the east side of the Square, and was probably the first frame building erected in Jacksonville. This building was rented to Mr. George M. Richards, who obtained his license to keep a public house February 15, 1828. It is the first license recorded now on record. Those of Mr. Carson and Mr. Tefft being destroyed by the burning of the old cour^ house in 1827. Mr. Richards' rate of charges are worth preserving, and were as follows : For rum per half pint, - 25 cents. For brandy per half pint, 25 cents. For gin per half pint, - 25 cents. For wine per half pint. 25 . cents. For whisky per half pint, - - 12 cents. For meal of victuals, 25 cents. For lodging, - 6^ cents. For horse feed (corn or oats), - 6^- cents. Mr. Carson remained in Jacksonville during his lifetime, and was always an excellent citizen, doing much toward the prosperity of the cit} T . He was also the first jailor, and in that official capacity held the keys of the old log structure, which, though uncouth in appearance, was as safe a repository for criminals as its more pretentious successors of to-day. Mrs. Carson was more widely known than any woman in the count}'. ''Mother" Carson, as she was called, was known in St. Louis, Springfield, and equally distant places. She followed the profession of midwife, and so extensive was her practice, and so remarkable her success, that she was often called to these and equally distant places in the practice of her HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 337 profession. She seldom lost a patient, and it has been confidently asserted by many that she was present at the birth of fully three thousand children. She died while the courts were in session, and so respected was she by all, that, upon motion of Judge William Thomas, court adjourned to attend her funeral. The laying out of the city, and its selection as the seat of justice, brought immediately a number of families thither. Dennis Rockwell, the first recorder, clerk of court, and the first post-master here, was without doubt among the first settlers. Mr. Rockwell was a native of Vermont. He resided for some time at Edwardsville, Illinois, and when Morgan County was organized, he was appointed clerk of the Circuit and County Commissioner Court, and recorder, and, upon the location of the county seat at Jacksonville, post-master. In 1854, he removed to Chicago, where he' was engaged in the lumber business until 1867, when, his health failing, he returned to Jacksonville. He was one of the first directors of the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, and, with Colonel Geo. M. Chambers, superintended tli3 erection of that building. He was also one of the trustees of the Institution for the Blind. For a time he held a position as cashier in the Branch of the State Bank, located in Jacksonville. He donated to the Episcopal church, of which he was a member, the block of ground on which that church now stands, and gave largely toward the erection of the house and support of the minister. After his return from Chicago, in 1867, his health failed him and he died shortly thereafter. The first store in the county was opened soon after the town was laid out, by Hacket & Fairfield. Before opening this store in town, they peddled through the settlements, exchanging goods for furs, beeswax, and honey, the only money found in the settlements at that time. Town property, for the first three or four years of the growth of the town, was very low. A lot on the southwest corner of the square, now occupied by the dry goods store of Metcalf & Fell, was offered to Mr. Dennis Rockwell for a cow and calf, worth at that time ten dollars, and Mr. Rockwell sold at one time eight acres of land, just north and west of the square, now in the heart of the city, for eighty dollars to be .paid in blacksmithing. The first improvements on the west side of the square were a row of small frame houses. In one of these houses the first barber shop was opened, by a colored man named Ball, and in one of these buildings Colonel John J. Hardin held his office. General Hardin, one of the most prominent men in Morgan County, was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, on the sixth day of June, 1810. He came to this part of Illinois at an early day, and at once entered actively into the practice of his profession the law. He was a member of different legislative bodies, and held other and various offices of trust. He was elected a general of militia, and, on the breaking out of the Mexican war, was the 'first one in the county to enlist. He was immecliaately chosen captain of a company raised there. After leaving for the seat of war, he was chosen colonel of a regiment ; and, while gal- lantly leading his men at the battle of Buena Vista, on the 23d of Feb- ruary, 1847, received a death wound. In July, his body was brought home, and deposited in the old cemetery. His funeral was one of the 338 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. largest ever held in the city. Many State officers, and others promi- nent in life, came to pay their respects to the memory of one so well known and revered. All houses were built of logs, with puncheon floors, wooden-hinged doors, and " stick " chimneys. The old log school-house, erected proba- ably early in 1826, was of this pattern. Judge William Thomas taught the first school therein. It was also used by the Methodists and Pres- byterians as a house of worship, each denomination alternating with the other. It was in this pioneer structure that Dr. J. M. Sturtevant, so long and so intimately connected with the educational interests of Jack- sonville, preached his first sermon in the county. This was in the Fall of 1829, when he and Theron Baldwin emigrated to Illinois, pledged with others to establish the institution with which he has been so long asso- ciated. Speaking of this journey, and the old school-house, the Doctor says: " On our arrival at St. Louis, then a village not much more pop- ulous, nor half as beautiful as Jacksonville is to-day, we found no public conveyance to Jacksonville of any sort. The rivers were open and in good stage, but there was no regular navigation on the Illinois, and no boat was likely to go up. There was no stage to this place, and no mail, except one carried on horseback once a week from Springfield. I pro- cured a carriage and driver for myself and wife and two ladies accompa- nying us, and left my friend, Mr. Baldwin, to devise the best plan he could for reaching our common destination. The route from St. Louis to this place was nearly the same then as the one now generally traveled. But it was a journey through a wilderness. Delhi, Jerseyville, Kane, Whitehall, and Manchester were not even in name. Alton could hardly be said to be. Carrollton was for the most part a cluster of log houses. It was a dreary journey, in mud and melting snow, through a region, much of which seemed incapable of settlement for a generation to come, on account of the scarcity of wood. The unfortunate detention of our vehicle in one of those mud-holes, which are one of the first marks of commencing civilization, compelled us, like Mr. Ellis, to pass Saturday night on the other side of Sandy Creek. The inconvenience to which we were subjecting the family, in the small cabin where we stopped, com- pelled us to resume our journey with the dawning day. It was on a bright Sabbath morning, on the fifteenth day of November, a little after sunrise, that we came in sight of Jacksonville. It was already called, in the ordinary speech of the people, a beautiful place. I had often heard it called so myself ; and beautiful it was, when the bright face of spring was again spread over it. though its beauty was God's work, and not man's It was at chat time little better than a group of log cabins. The prairie was in the somber brown of autumn, with scarce a tree or shrub to relieve the monotony. To the northwest, however, the view was shut in by an elevation, which a New Englander might almost recog- nize as a hill. It was crowned with a natural grove. Against the front of the grove was already projected an edifice of brick, which at that dis- tance, and on such an elevation, made an appearance of considerable dignity and magnificence. The site on which it stood charmed every be- holder. It was the south half of what is now our college buildings, then in the process of erection. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 339 " We were most cordially welcomed at the humble but none the less hospitable dwelling of Mr. Ellis. He was still absent at the East, but his house was in charge of one whose heart was the abode of every noble and generous sentiment. God only knows what the cause of edu- cation and of religion in this State owes to her wisdom, energy, and cheerful self-denial. "Our arrival was expected, and preaching was appointed. At the proper hour we repaired to the place of worship. What would our peo- ple say now if we were to invite them to assemble in such a place for public worship? It was a log school-house, some twenty feet square, with a floor of split logs, and seats, so far as there were any of the same, with holes bored in them, and sticks driven in for legs. The chimney was of the style and structure most approved for log cabins, built out of doors, of logs and sticks, and occupying near half of one side of the room. Such was its condition the first time I met the congregation in that place. Before the next Sabbath the chimney had either fallen down or been removed, in preparation for warming the house by a stove. For two or three Sabbaths we met there before this vast opening in one side was again closed up. Desk or pulpit there were none, and to supply seats for all who could get into this little church, rails were brought in and laid from seat to seat." A stove was soon introduced into the church, and in this small cabin, serving as a house of worship and a house of instruction, regular meet- ings were maintained. During the Summer of 1825 and 1826, building progressed rapidly in the new town. Mr. Carson's tavern was always full, and more than once the traveler was glad of a chance to shelter himself and enjoy the luxury of a bed on the puncheon floor, with his traveling cloak for a covering. Hospitality was a reigning virtue among the early pioneers of Illinois, and no one in search of a home on these western' prairies went unsheltered or hungry. It was in the Autumn of 1826, that Judge William Thomas first came to Morgan County. As his journey here, and what he encountered on his arrival, are so fraught with interest, we will let him tell it in his own words, as he has given them in a letter to the Journal : " On the 20th of Sept., 1826, 1 started from the office of Hon. Joseph R. Underwood, Bowling Green, Kentucky, for Peoria, Illinois, accompa- nied by Thomas A. Young, Esq., en route for Palmyra, Missouri. We traveled on horseback, and purposely selected a road by New Harmony, Indiana, then in possession of Mr. Owen, who was trying an experiment at the reorganization of society. His fame, and that of his society and system of government, had reached Kentucky through the newspapers, and we determined to spend sufficient time there to satisfy ourselves in regard to the condition and probable success of the experiment. " We had been educated to believe that no society or organized com- munity could succeed in this country, whose foundation had no reference to the Bible. Neither of us were professing Christians, but our reading of law books and sound history had created the opinion, that without the Bible no people could be qualified to organize or maintain institutions of freedom. Mr. Owen's system had been in what was called successful operation for several years, and in almost every part of the country per- 340 H1STOKY OF MOKGAN COUNTY. sons were found who pointed to its success as evidences of the correct- ness of his theory, and of the errors of all other systems. We found the community on the wane, tending fast to demoralization and dissolu- tion. We, however, found educated and intelligent men and women per- sisting in the notion that our system of government, and of religious worship, were all founded on erroneous views of the position which men were designed by their Creator to occupy, as well with reference to their God as to each other. " Having spent about twenty-four hours in the village and being sat- isfied from what we saw and heard that the community could not be kept together, after the adhesive power of supplies s of food and raiment was exhausted, we resumed our journey. We passed through the coun- ties of White, Edwards, Wayne, and Marion to Clinton. A few miles north of Carlyle, I found an old acquaintance who constrained me to stop and spend a few days in his log cabin. I spent several days in this place, resting myself and horse. Whilst here, I became satisfied, that Peoria was too far north and west, beyond the settlement of the country for the location of an attorney at law, and determined from information obtained from those who had passed through this part of the State, to make Jacksonville my place of residence. Whilst resting with my friend I visited Carlyle and found the fever and ague operating upon almost every person that I saw. Two gentlemen here, one of whom is still liv- ing, offered to give me a lot and build me an office if I would settle in the village. I respectfully declined the offer, and told my friend that I would not settle in such a sickly place for all the town. I passed from this place to Belleville to deliver some letters to Governor Edwards and obtain further information in regard to the country, and here I found the first corn bread and bacon that I had seen since crossing the Ohio river. After spending two nights and a day here, I came to Edwardsville to obtain the signature of Judge Lockwood to my law license, and here I fared sumptuously at a tavern kept by Mr. Hopkins, for it so happened that Judge Lockwood had just returned from Missouri with his lately married wife, and his friends had collected to a bridal dinner. I remained here until after dinner the next day, and then set out for Upper Alton, where I spent the night." Honorable Samuel D. Lockwood, afterward for more than twenty years a resident of Jacksonville, was one of the most prominent men of Mor- gan County. In January, 1821, he was elected by the legislature attorney general of the State, which office he resigned in 1 822, having been nominated by Governor Coles for Secretary of the State and confirmed by the unan- imous vote of the Senate. This office he resigned during the same or succeeding year, and accepted the position of Receiver of the Public Moneys at the land office at Edwards. In 1825 he was elected by the legislature, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, which office he held until after the election of judges under the constitution of 1847, when he resigned before his term expired. He was one of the trustees of the Illinois Central Railroad Company, when the road was first incorporated by the State. His death occurred in April, 1874. "All the information obtained at Belleville, Edwardsville, and Alton corresponded with that previously obtained that Morgan County was destined to be one of the richest and most populous HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 341 counties in this State, and that Jacksonville was necessarily a desirable location. From Alton I came to Carrollton, taking breakfast at John Williams'. From Carrollton I came to Jacksonville, taking dinner at Judge Mark's, now Manchester, then called 'Burnt Haystacks.' I reached Jacksonville on the 12th of October, about eight o'clock at night. I put up at David Tefft's, who occupied a double frame one story build- ing as a tavern on the east side of the square, where I remained about a week when, through the influence of Dr. Ero Chandler, I obtained board- ing with Mr. Henry Robley, a farmer and blacksmith, over a mile east of the court house, and entirely out of town. From Carrollton to Edwards- ville via Belleville, the country was beautiful, the land apparently rich, but thinly settled, with but few good houses or with improved farms. From Edwardsville to Alton the road passed over a wooden and broken country, thin land, and but few farms. From Alton to Carrollton after passing Piasa Creek, and getting on the prairie, the country was level, though sufficiently undulating for agricultural purposes. To Macoupin Creek and from there to Carrollton the road passes over a timbered and poor country, with but two or three small farms and one small brick house. Between Carrollton and Apple Creek the timber, undergrowth, and vegetation indicated deep, rich soil, equal to any that I had ever seen. At Carrollton I put up at a tavern kept by Mr. Harrison, south of the square, in a small story and a half building. I went to a grocery store to purchase some cigars, when I found twenty or thirty men, (whom, I was told, were called Macoupinites,) drinking, carousing, cursing, swear- ing, singing obscene songs and telling stories on each other. They were enjoying themselves to the fullest. One of them, who appeared to be sober and quiet, after asking me where I was from and where I was going, said, ' you are too smart looking to be in this crowd, and I advise you to leave before the boys notice you, they are a wild set.' I thanked him for his advice and returned to the tavern. " This sober man I met some twenty years afterward at Springfield' as a member of the legislature, suffering under a violent attack of con- gestive fever, of which he died. I sent after and procured a doctor for him and wrote his will. " A few days before I reached Carrollton, there had been a general or regimental muster, at which all the militia of the county were required to attend for purposes of drill or training, and this had brought together the Macoupinites and others of like character. Many of them remained in Carrollton during the night after the muster, and not being able or willing to procure quarters in houses, spent the night in drinking, carous- ing, singing, fighting and in mischief, they caught one man (Mike Dood,) cut off a part of one of his ears, and nailed it on the door of the black- smith shop where it still remained. They shaved the mane and tail of Mr. Carroll's fine saddle horse, one of the best and finest looking horses that I ever saw ; they changed signs from house to house, removed gates, pulled down fences and removed buckets from wells. " From the crossing of the W abash River all the way to Jacksonville there seemed to be prevailing an epidemic of sore eyes. Several families in Jacksonville, and especially that of my landlord, David Tefft's were severely afflicted. I did not know when I reached Jacksonville that I would find a single acquaintance in the county. I however soon heard 342 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. of the family of Mr. Thomas Gallon, of North Prairie, with which I had been acquainted from my earliest recollections, who kept the post-office in the neighborhood of my father's home in Kentucky during the war of 1812. I also met with Rev. Reddick Horn, here, with whom I had had a passing acquaintance in Simpson County Kentucky, and as time passed, I found a number of families with which I had been acquainted. I " Whatever may have been my' opinions of Jacksonville and the County of Morgan, or of the propriety of my making my home there, I had traveled about as far as my money and horse would carry me. I was, however, pleased with the country and location of the town, and con- sented to make my home here. The population of the town consisted of the families of Dennis Rockwell, Murray McConnell, Thomas Carson, John Massey, David Tefft, Samuel Elaine, George M. Richards, George Rearick, Joseph M. Fairfield, John Laughrey, John P. Tefft, Peter or John Savage, and with men without families, George Hackett, John Tansey and Benjamin Case, Samuel C. Richards, Moses Steward, Orson Cobb, Rice Dunbar, Joseph Coddington. McConnell, Carson, and David Tefft were the tavern keepers ; John Massey the log house builder ; Fairfield Rearick and Moses Atwood, then called a very u green Yankee," were merchants; Richards was deputy county surveyor; Elaine and Dunbar were carpenters ; Laughrey was a brickmaker and John P. Tefft brickmaker and plasterer; Mr. Handy, the 'Buckeye carpenter'; Rockwell was clerk of the two courts, recorder, postmaster and notary public ; McConnell, Turney, and Case were the attorneys at law ; John Savage was a carpenter ; Peter Savage followed breaking prairies arid teaming generally ; Cobb was a tailor ; Coddington was a widower with- out occupation, but was subsequently engaged in dealing in horses, and afterward became merchant; George Hackett had been a merchant and partner of Fairfield, but was then engaged in lead mines prospecting for lead. Mr. Rockwell resided on East State street, beyond the limits of the town plat, in the only entirely finished and comfortable log cabin in town, on the lot now occupied by Nich- olas Milburn. Several frame buildings and log cabins were being raised for the use of persons intending to occupy them. For a court house, the county had placed a frame building near, but north and west of the center of the square. The jail, built of sycamore logs, stood north of the square on the lot since occupied by the old brick jail. At the first election of sheriff, on the 3d Monday in November, 1823, William B. Green was elected ; at the second, August, 1824, Joseph M. Fairfield, who was best known by the name of the ' honest preacher,' was elected, and in August, 1826, Green was elected again. Failing to execute a bond in the time required by law, a second election was held in Decem- ber, 1826, when Green was again elected. He was an uneducated, vi- cious back-woodsman, with no qualifications for that or any other office. Aaron Wilson was judge of the court of probates, and resided on the place afterward known as the Robb farm, now owned by Hon. Wm. Brown. Not being able to obtain other employment, out of which to pay for board, and being out of funds, I engaged to teach school for three months, upon the old plan of obtaining subscribers for scholars. A log building had been erected, and used for a school house, in the south part of town, having no floor, chimney, doors, windows or loft, which I was to HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 343 occupy. In the month of November the house was finished, with an unjointed floor and loft, and sod and stick chimney, one window in the east and two in the north, with slabs for seats and wide plank for writing tables, and on the first Monday in December my school was opened in due form. About twenty-five scholars had been subscribed, with the understanding that each subscriber might send all the children that he could spare from service at home. I agreed to teach reading, writing, and the ground rules of arithmetic. I had scholars to learn A. B. C's, spelling, reading, writing, and arithmetic, and two only to study English grammar. I attended punctually every morning by seven o'clock, made a fire and had the room warm by the time the chil- dren arrived. Very soon I found that the Kentucky lawyer was giving general satisfaction, and the house was filled with chil- dren from the town and neighborhood, several families sending their children over two miles. I was to receive my pay in cash or produce, or pork, cattle or hogs at cash prices. I bargained with Mr. Bakley with whom I boarded to receive the pay from my subscribers for my board, and my three months school enabled me to pay for a year's board, beside furnishing money to pay postage and immediate expenses. My board cost me only one dollar a week, including washing, fuel, and lights. Mr. Bakley had t"syo log cabins, one was given up to Dr. Chandler and my- self, and the other was occupied by his family. The winter was cold, with but little rain, but more snow than has been usual since. I often had as many as fifty children in the school, and scarce ever less than thirty. It required about ten hours any day to hear the routine of lessons and frequently twelve. In passing about, I frequently meet with men and women who learned the alphabet in my school. " The fever and ague had prevailed that fall in every neighborhood in the county, and especially on the river and margins of small streams. It had then been only about six and a half years since the first settlement in the county, and at the election in August previous, over one thousand votes had been taken, and a great majority of the inhabitants were from the South and West the minority from the North and East, and old England. Places of residence were generally situated in the outskirts of timber adjoining the prairies, but few persons had consented to build as far as half a mile from timber, with few exceptions. These families resided in log cabins, covered with clapboards, chimneys made of sticks and mud, the floors of puncheon, fire-places of the same. The only brick yards that I noticed were near Jacksonville, one owned by Garrison W. Berry, on the land of Henry Robley, east of town, and one by John Laugh rey, north of town. "During the winter of 1826-27 we had frequent visits from the Indians, who had an encampment for hunting purposes near Beardstown, then called ' Downing's Landing,' or Beard's Ferry. " In November, 1826, I first saw the Illinois River. The state of the water was too low for the navigation of loaded flat boats. Grass had grown up from the bottom so thick and strong, that ferry boats could not be used without mowing the grass, and opening the way. Except in the channel, occupying a narrow space, I could not discover any current. A short time after I reached Jacksonville, I heard of the time of the sales of the personal property of Rev. Mr. Bird, who had died in the January 344 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. previous. I went to that sale, expecting to meet some acquaintances from Kentucky. I met Mr. Thomas Gatten, and went home with him, and by him I was introduced to most of the settlers in that prairie. The log buildings and unfinished frames were at that day, as houses of worship, few and far between. I am confident that during the winter of 1826-7 there was not a comfortable meeting house in the county. Religious meetings were held in log and unplastered frames, school houses, and private dwellings. In warm weather, such meetings were often held in barns and under arbors in the woods. The first sermon that I ever heard in Jacksonville, was in the Pall of 1826, in the frame court house (subsequently burnt), preached by a Baptist minister, named Kenner, prepared for mothers, when the only female in attendance who had a child, was Mrs. Joseph Fairfield. During the winter of 1826-7, and previous, as well as subsequently to that time, the meetings of the Methodist Society were held at Mr. John Jourdan's. who was well known as Father Jourdan. He occupied a double log cabin, east of town, where now stands the building formerly called ' Berean College.' During the service the females occupied one room and the males the other, the beds being used for seats. During the winter, the society of Presbyterians, with the Rev. John Brich, their minister, met in the log school house occupied by me during the week, in the south side of the town. I acted as sexton, sweeping the house in the morning and building- fires. "Father Brich, as he was called, though a bachelor, was an educated Englishman, but like many others, was never able to make his learning avail him much as a public speaker, but he was a devoted Christian. "Among the improvements in the county designed for public benefit and convenience, was the grist and saw mill at Exeter, owned by Enoch C. March ; a band horse mill for grinding corn, owned by Capt. John Wyatt ; also one owned by Mr. Reeder, and one tread wheel mill, owned by James Overton, Esq.; Mr. Allen had a grist and saw mill, on Apple ('reek, just above the crossing of the road from this place to Carrollton ; Thomas Prattan owned an ox, or tread mill, a short distance this side of the creek ; a grist and saw mill on Indian Creek, owned by William Harrison and James Dinwiddie ; a horse mill, owned by Mr. A. Hall, near the head of Indian Creek ; a saw mill, owned by Mr. James McGill, on the Mauvaisterre ; Mr. Abraham Johnson owned a cotton gin north of town. " I soon found two classes in society. Those from the North and East were called ' yankees,' and those from the South and West ' white peo- ple.' The political division was between the supporters of John Quincy Adams and General Andrew Jackson ; the yankees supporting Adams, and the white people, Jackson. Most of those who had voted for Mr. Clay supported Mr. Adams. The election of August, 1826, had been warmly contested between Governor Edwards and Mr. Sloe, for gover- nor, and Daniel P. Cook and Joseph Duncan for Congress. Edwards and Duncan were elected by a small majority, though differing in politics. Duncan was one of the few public men who never had credit for what he was worth." Governor Duncan was born in Paris, Bourbon County, Kentucky, in February, 1810. His father was a native of the Old Dominion, emigrated HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. 345 to Kentucky at an early day, where he died during the childhood of Joseph, his youngest son. At the age of sixteen, Joseph Duncan, received a commission in the army, where he remained until the close of the war of 1812. In 1818, he came to Jackson County, Illinois, where he was not long after chosen major of militia, a rank he retained till the close of the Black Hawk war. In 1823, he was chosen a member of the State Senate. While a member of that body, he introduced a bill before it, providing for the establishment of a system of common schools in the State. This bill was most admirable in its provisions, and, had it been retained and acted upon, would have hastened the day of popular education. It was, unfortunately, repealed by the next Assembly, and the schools allowed to go on in their old way, till Judge William Thomas succeeded in passing the bill, referred to in the history of the schools elsewhere in this volume. In 1826, he was elected to the United States Senate, from the State at large, and continually elected until 1834. In August of that year, he was elected governor, holding the office one term. Governor Duncan held at different times other offices of trust and honor, and was one of the ablest men in Illinois. He was a Presbyterian, liberal in his views, earnest in his work, and steadfast in his convictions. He died at his home in Jacksonville, January 15, 1844. " In the Fall of 1826 we had a mail from St. Louis, via Alton and Carrollton, once in two weeks, and also a like mail from Springfield ; so arranged as to give a weekly mail. "In the Summer of 1826 a young man named Carson, had been employed to teach school in the court house, but not meeting with such encouragement as he thought would pay, he abandoned his employers and left the neighborhood. " In the Spring of 1827 I attended all the courts in the first Illinois circuit, Sangamon, Peoria, Fulton, Schuyler, Adams, Pike, and Calhoun. I rode a filley, and John Purney a young stallion, loaned to us by Mr. Joseph Klien, for the purpose of having them broke to the saddle. This was my first appearance at the courts. I had no right to expect to make more than traveling expenses. In Greene and Sangamon I paid my tav- ern bills by assisting the clerks, by making up their records. In Peoria I was appointed State's attorney, the attorney general not being in attendance, and here I made and collected ten silver dollars, for fees, allowed for the convictions upon indictments for affrays besides, the clerk paid my tavern bill for making up the records. In Fulton, John Turney was appointed to assist the attorney general, but I made five dollars for attending to an appeal case. In Schuyler, Mr. Pugh was appointed to represent the attorney general. We found but ten fam- ilies living at Rushville, the county seat, Hart Fellows, clerk of the two courts, probate judge and post master, and Mr. Terry Braden, recorder. At Lewiston the judge and attorneys were entertained by Judge Phelps, who refused to receive pay. At Rushville they were entertained by the clerk and recorder, without charge, though Ave paid a farmer named White for keeping our horses. I made nothing at Rushville. At Atlas, in Pike County, we met the attorney general. Here the judge and bar were entertained sumptuously by Captain Leonard Ross, one of nature's noblemen, and by Nathan Morrison, who not only refused compensation, but expressed regret that he could not entertain us longer. At Gilead, 346 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. in Calhoun County, there was one small tavern house with a granery in one room, but the judge and attorneys obtained entertainment in private houses where we had small bills to pay. Here I was employed to defend a doctor, a poor man, in poor health, indicted for murder. The evidence showed the prosecution to have originated in ignorance and malice, and the verdict of the jury was ' not guilty ' for this the doctor paid me ten dollars, all that he was able to pay. I had no idea of ever seeing him again, as he seemed to be in the last stages of consumption, but some time afterward I met him in the legislature ; he recognized me, but I did not him. " In July, 1827. Governor Edwards received information on which he relied and acted, that the Indians in the northwest, led by the Winne- bagos, intended to make war upon our settlers and miners in the vicinity of Galena. He therefore authorized Colonel Thomas H. Neely, of Springfield, to accept of the services of any number of mounted volun- teers, not exceeding six hundred, who would equip themselves and find their own subsistence and continue in service thirty days, unless sooner discharged. Upon this call upward of three hundred volunteers were obtained in the Counties of Sangamon and Morgan, among whom I was one. When the volunteers from Morgan reached Peoria. the place of rendezvous, I was appointed quarter- master sergeant. I accompanied the regiment to White Oak Springs, some ten or twelve miles from Galena, where I remained several days, when the colonel being satisfied that the further service of the regiment was not required, ordered the return home. While the regiment remained I purchased and had delivered the provisions required for returning home. I had sold my horse, saddle, and bridle, intending to return home by the river. The morning on which the regiment left for home, I was taken with the flux so as to be unable to travel. I got quarters in a grocery tavern, kept by aman named Knabb, on the road from Gartist's Grove to Galena, and within one hundred yards of White Oak Springs. I sent to Galena for medicine to cure the flux. The doc- tor sent me a prescription with what he supposed would afford relief, but it failed after three or four days' trial. I became worse and believe I should have died but for an accident. I say accident. I did not then think of anything providential. Isaac Plasters, a volunteer from Morgan County, who had made my acquaintance on the campaign, instead of returning home with the regiment, remained to earn some money by working a month or two in the mines. Passing by the house where I was confined, and hearing that there was a sick soldier up stairs, made his way to my room in the roof of the log cabin. Seeing my situation he agreed to stay with and nurse me. I had eaten nothing for two days, except a little poor soup. Plasters had me removed to a room on the first floor. In the afternoon he saw Doctor Hill passing on the road, and called him in to see me. The doctor was a gentleman, a good physician, and though worn down in the service, because flux was prevailing to an alarming extent in that neighborhood, he gave me some medicine, took a short nap and left, promising to return the next day and to continue his visits daily until I recovered. Plasters, with his rifle, killed birds every day and fed me on soup. I began to mend as soon the medicines, sup- plied by Doctor Hill, operated. Plasters remained with me, and the doc- HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 347 tor called daily, for ten days, during which time the disease was entirely checked, and I became able to travel to Galena, and obtain passage on a boat to Quincy. I paid the doctor a small bill for his services, but Plas- ters refused to receive pay. " At Galena, I found an old Kentucky acquaintance by the name of Rountree, proposing to take deck passage with a mess on a steamboat for St. Louis. As cabin passage could not be procured, I joined the mess. The boat towed two lead boats, on which the deck passengers had to ride, furnishing their own supplies. We laid in our provisions, and with loose plank furnished by the boat, made ourselves comfortable quarters, much more so than had any cabin passengers. We fared sumptuously on the trip down. On this boat, Black Hawk and Keokuk, with some eight or ten other leading Indians, passed down to Flint Hill, now Burling- ton. I left the boat at Quincy, where I purchased a horse, saddle, and bridle for forty dollars. From Quincy I went down to Atlas then there was no settlement between Quincy and Illinois River, nor any road on which I could travel. I rested one day at Atlas. The next day I came to Exeter, where I was taken sick again ; took a large dose of calo- mel, and had to remain two days before proceeding farther. I finally reached home, very much worsted in flesh and strength, but without disease. In a few days the fall terms of the courts commenced. I was able to ride and attend court in Greene, where I spent a week at a good hotel, kept by Mr. Reno. I was scarcely able to attend to business in court, but for assisting Gen. Tuvney, I made enough to pay my tavern bill ; but my health improved, I gained strength, and by the next week I was able to attend to business in Morgan. I next attended the court in Springfield, and then all the other courts in the circuit. On this circuit we found but little business in any of the counties parties, jurymen, and witnesses were reported in all the counties after Peoria, as being absent bear and deer hunting a business that was then profitable, as well as necessary to the sustenance of families during the winter. In December, 1827, I attended the Supreme Court at Vandalia, where I had a case dismissed because the appellant had not filed a copy of the bond within the time required by law. " Mr. Rockwell being agent for the owners of several hundred tracts of military land, employed me to pay the taxes, for which he paid my traveling expenses, and provided for my board at the house of W. H. Brown, Esq. " During my absence at Vandalia on this trip, the court house on the public square was burned. It might have taken fire by accident, but I have always believed, and so did Mr. McConnell, that it was set on fire by Greene, the sheriff. By this fire I lost a small box of clothing and my Bible, the only book I brought from Kentucky. The office of circuit and county clerk was kept in a small up-stairs room. All the books and papers of the office were burned, except the deed book, which Mr. Rock- well had taken to his dwelling to record some deeds in the night time. "The Circuit Court was held in Jacksonville, in November, 1826, John T. Sawyer, circuit judge, presiding. There was about forty cases on the docket', all told. The attorneys present were James Tracy, attor- ney general of the State, and Alfred W. Crawley, of Carrollton ; Thomas A. Neale, James M. Strode, and Jonathan H. Pugh, of Springfield ; John 348 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Reynolds, of Kahokia ; William H. Brown, Benjamin Mills, and George Farqueir, of Vandalia; Murray McOonnell, John Turney, Benjamin Case, and myself, of Jacksonville of whom Mr. Cavarly and myself are the only survivors, this 12th of October, 1874; he eighty-one years old, and I near seventy-two. Court was continued one week, and the next week was held in Springfield. " I attended this court in company with all the attorneys in attend- ance in Morgan, except McGonnell and Cox. Here 1 met with General James Andrews, probate judge, William S. Hamilton, and Thomas Mof- fitt, of Springfield ; David Prickett, of Edwardsville ; and John B. Bo- gardus, of Peoria ; of whom Mr. Moffitt is the only survivor. I was the guest of Mr. Wale during the week, with whom I was acquainted in Kentucky, and here I met with Mr. Carlton B. Gatton, a Kentucky ac- quaintance, by whom I was introduced to the family of Mr. P. P. Enos, receiver of the public moneys at the land office in Springfield. During the week a Mr. Vannay was hung in Springfield, for the murder of his wife. This was the first and last case of execution that I have ever seen." Another old resident of Jacksonville, remembers that the following- named persons resided here in 1828 : " Dennis Rockwell, circuit clerk and county clerk ; Mrs. Kellogg ; John Handy, carpenter ; Mr. Bunnell, carpenter ; Samuel Titus, teamster, firsc colored man ; Murray McConnell, lawyer ; Matthew Stacy, saddler and harnessmaker ; George Rearick, merchant : Joseph Fairfield, mer- chant ; Abram Vance, merchant ; Nathan Gest, merchant ; Thomas Car- son, hatter and tavern keeper ; George Nicely, hatter ; Mr. Robinson, school teacher ; Verin Daniels, gunsmith ; S. H. Henderson, grocer ; John P. Wilkinson, merchant; Rice Dunbar, carpenter; Thomas Church, farmer ; John Buckingham, brick mason and plasterer ; Ero Chandler, physician ; Doctor Allen, old practice ; Bazzil Gillett, doctor and mer- chant ; Ranson Cordell, coonstable ; Mr. Shull, tavern keeper; Win. S. Jordan, farmer ; Mr. Robley, farmer and brickmakei ; Mr. McClurg, tanner and currier ; E. T. Miller, carpenter ; George Graves, cabinet maker; John Savage, carpenter; Edward Durant, carpenter; James Martin Eads, blacksmith ; John Eads, jr., blacksmith ; John Eads, sr., blacksmith ; Simeon McCullough, tailor ; Levi Church, tailor ; John Laughery, laborer; David Tefft, carpenter; Joseph Coddington, mer- chant ; Enoch C. March, miller and merchant ; William L. May, repre- sentative in the legislature ; Josiah Gorham, jr., carpenter ; Samuel Rix- ford, no employment ; John Henry, cabinet maker ; Doctor Taylor, mer- chant and post-master ; James Parkinson, wood-cording machine ; Wil- liam Thomas, lawyer ; Jacob Barton, farmer ; James Blair, dry goods clerk ; James Leeper dry goods clerk ; Joseph Robinson, dry goods clerk; James Buckingham, plasterer ; Daniel Busey, saddler and harness maker ; Thomas, jr., brick mason ; James Carson, cabinet workman ; John Carson, brickmaker ; Mr. Ellis, Presbyterian preacher; Aquilla Hutchins, farmer ; George Richards, surveyor ; Emanuel Metc^lf, chair maker ; Garrison W. Berry, brickmaker ; McHenry Johnson, blacksmith; Mr. Grimsly, blacksmith ; Nelson Johnson, dry goods clerk ; Enos Hobbs, mail carrier ; William Conn, Thomas Arnett, Phillip Haines, Darius In- galls, Mrs. Palmer, Mrs. Joiner, Mrs. Buckingham, Mrs. George Rearick, LATE: PESIDENT OF THE JCKSONYILLE: NATIONAL BANK HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 349 Mrs. George Richards, Mrs. John P. Wilkinson, Mrs. Simeon McCul- lough, Mrs. Martin Eads, Mrs. John Eads, Mrs. Verm Daniels, Mrs. Doctor Taylor, Mrs. George Nicely, Mrs. Matthew Stacy, Mrs. Handy, Mrs. Bunnell, Mrs. Emanuel Metcalf, Mrs. Robley, Mrs. Garrison W. Berry, Mrs. James Parkinson, Mrs. E. T. Miller, Mrs. Thomas Church, Mrs. Charles Chappell, Miss Ann Robinson, Miss Hester Kellogg, Mrs. Thomas Carson, Mrs. Nathan Gest, Mrs. Abram Vance, Mrs. William L. May, Mrs. Conn, Mrs. Nero Chandler, Mrs. Jacob Barton, Mr. John Savage, Mrs. John Henry, Mrs. Dennis Rockwell, Mr. McClurg, Mrs. Ranson Cordall, Mrs. Joseph Fail-field, Mrs. John Buckingham, Mrs. Doctor Allen, Mrs. John Laugherty, Mrs. Samuel Titus (colored), Mrs. Grimsley, Mrs. Me Henry Johnson, Mrs. Aquilla Hutchins, Mrs. Darius Ingals, Mrs. Phillip Haines, Mrs. Thomas Arnett." The Judge's article gives an accurate description of the little town ' when he first saw it, and of its life during the fall and winter following. The opening of the season of 1827 brought fresh arrivals to the growing place, and new cabins were built, old ones improved, a store or two opened, a shop of the pioneer style erected, and the town of Jacksonville had become a reality, and had a name in the East, where it was known as a promising Western town. The Rev. John Ellis and his wife made this their home in 1828. He was a Presbyterian minister, and was labor- ing in this part of the West, in the interest of his church. Seeing the necessity of an educational institution in the Prairie State, and being a man of considerable zeal and energy, he determined to found a college in one of its growing towns, and selected Jacksonville as the place. He was aided in his efforts by Mr. William Posey, and other influential citi- zens of the town, and by Judge Samuel Lock wood, then residing at *d wards ville. A band of young men just entering the ministry in the East, had agreed, before their graduation, that they would make some portion of the Northwest territory their future field of labor, and that they would, as soon as possible, I'ound an institution of learning therein. They were induced to co-operate with Mr. Ellis and others, in the found- ing of Illinois College. In a short time a location had been secured, some money had been raised, and by the Autumn of 1829, the buildings were so far completed that Dr. J. M. Sturtevant, one of the band of young- men before mentioned, and who was selected as a teacher in the school, began his work there, and the foundation of the present Illinois College, the oldest and one of the largest educational institutions in the State, was firmly laid. This college was established for the education of young men alone. Mrs. Ellis, who had ably seconded her husband in his labors, and .who earnestly desired an institution for the equal education of young women, opened a school in her house for this purpose. In September, 1830, a meeting of several prominent gentlemen was held at the house of J. P. Wilkinson, Esq., for the purpose of discussing the propriety of founding a female academy. The meeting led to good results. Dr. Ero Chandler donated a lot of ground, a small brick dwelling was soon erected, and in 1833 the Jacksonville Female Academy was formally opened, with Miss Sarah Cracker as principal. The founding of these two institutions established the future prosperity of the new Western town. They brought to it an excellent class of citizens, who in coming years saw I 350 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. unequalled provision for the education of their Children. Provision for the free education of the youth had not yet been fully made by the State of Illinois. The people were generous in this regard, and were always ready to be taxed for the education of their children. What the public fund lacked 'was made up by private subscription, and every winter a school or schools were regularly maintained in Jacksonville. This plan of sustaining the public schools was continued until the adoption of the present school system. The religious life of the village, always aided by education, had been carefully fostered all these years. In the little log school-house, regular religious services were held until larger and better accommodations could be secured. In 1822, in " Father " Jourdan's house, standing a little in the rear of the old Berean College building, a Methodist class was organ- ized, and for three years before the town of Jacksonville was contem- plated, religious services had been held regularly. The old log school- house was afterward used by these worshipers, alternating with the Pres- byterians. That little band of godly people grew, as time went on, until now there are several large congregations of this denomination in and abont Jacksonville. Four years after the organization of the class in " Father " Jourdan's house, the Rev. John Brich gathered together what few Presbyterians there were in the little town, and in the barn of Mr. John Leeper, organized a church, the outgrowth of which are the three large Presbyterian congregations in the city. Other denominations were not slow to occupy the field. The Baptists, Congre- gationalists, Portuguese, Presbyterians, German and African Churches, Catholics and Christians each established congregations, and each are well sustained. The city, from its earliest commencement, has always been an edu- cational center. Many persons come here for no other purpose than to enjoy its educational facilities. It is largely owing to this fact that but few manufacturing industries are established, and that the trade of the city is chiefly confined to its own citizens, and to its own immediate vicinity. The first stores in the place were built of buckeye or sycamore logs, in \vhich a motley assortment of goods were kept. These pioneer stores were small affairs, often without a window, chimney, or wooden floors. The interior of these stores was sometimes lined with gorgeously figured calico, intended by the proprietors to give the room a more taste- ful appearance. Buckeye logs, under the influence of warm spring rains, produce sprouts with remarkable ease ; these latter were often an annoyance to the storekeepers, as it was not uncommon for them to find them growing through his calico lining, or winding about among the. various articles on his shelves-J Enterprising industry could not long brook such inconveniences, and frame buildings speedily took the places of their more primitive predecessors, which, if not converted into, sheds or barns, made good fire-wood. At the time of the building of the Illinois College, all that tract of land lying between that institution and the public square, was in its primitive condition, or cultivated as a farm. Where now are the finest residences, the most beautiful yards, and the best shaded streets, was then open prairie, or used for farm purposes. What changes time produces? Then all buildings in town were small, almost entirely built HISTORY OF MOBGAN COUNTY. 351 of frame logs, the former being pointed out to the traveler as the home of elegance and wealth. The business of the time was proportionate to the residences. No large stores graced the public square, or stood as monu- ments of the industry of the owners, in other streets. The houses of that day are succeeded now by more elegant affairs, though no more homelike than their predecessors. Their owners have grown with the town, and can look over the scenes of their labors with feelings of pride at the results obtained, and know that the passing years have been those of care and toil, though sweetened by the thoughts of the rest and comfort sure to follow. The early log stores speedily gave way to frame buildings, which in their time became too small and insecure, and were replaced by more sub- stantial brick structures. . The first of these was erected in 1828, by J. P. Wilkinson, Esq., and occupied the lot of ground where is now the store of Geo.W. Van Zant. Another was built on the south side of the square, and one on the north, by Cornelius Hook, Esq., and in 1831 or '32, the present bank building of M. P. Ayers & Co. Like its population, the business of Jacksonville was growing. New and more substantial stores were appear- ing about the public square, while in the residence portion, better dwellings were being erected. Streets were accurately defined ; pavements took the place of mud sidewalks ; fences were built before the door-yards, and a finer and more elegant life was becoming manifest. By the United States census of 1830, the town contained 446 inhabitants ; and the next year Jacksonville was incorporated as a town. The system of govern- ment was so well managed that it continued in use until 1867, long after the population had grown to the proportions which fully warranted a city government. The growth of the city received a severe check by the rav- ages of cholera in 1833, which carried off a great many of the inhabitants. This was a serious blow to the prosperity of the city, from which it had scarcely rallied, when the financial crash of 1837 gave it another serious blow, from which it took years of time to recover. The census of 1840 showed a population of 1,900, which indicated that, despite the draw- backs mentioned, the growth of the city was gradually progressing. The building of the Morgan and Sangamon Railroad in 18-/.8, at its com- pletion to Jacksonville, two years after, gave a fresh impulse to the growth and business of the city, and from that time its prosperity has been unabated. The old railroad, with its insufficient equipment, was the beginning of a grand system of railroads now traversing the State in every direction. At first the depot was in the public square, but soon after the road was extended to the capital of the State ; and though the stages could sometimes out-travel the small train of cars used to carry passengers and freight, yet its ingress and egress to and from the growing town, gave it an air of activity seldom seen at that day. In 1847, the old, worn-out road passed into the hands of a company of men who were determined to rebuild and equip it in a manner insuring success. Those who had so strenuously urged the building of the track through the prin- cipal streets of the city, and had succeeded in their efforts, saw, as others foretold, the impropriety of cars of railroads passing through the center of the city, and were with all citizens well satisfied when the company removed the track from State Street to its present location. In a short time this railroad, under the new management, was in running order, and the 352 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. business of the city received anew an impulse which it has never relaxed. Ten years after, part of the Jacksonville and St. Louis Railroad was con- structed, which in time was completed ; became part of the Chicago and Alton Railroad, and gives to Jacksonville direct communication with the principal cities in the West. Two other railroads have since been built, which, like their predecessors, give to the city abundant means for trans- portation to every part of the country. The operation of the Morgan and Sangamon Railroad during its continuance, and its reconstruction in 1847, brought a corresponding increase of business and population to the town. In 1850, the inhabitants numbered 2,745; in 1860, the number was 5,528, and in 1870, 9,365. Should the same ratio of increase prevail during the decade following the last enumeration, the populatio'n in 1880 will be nearly 20,000. Until the building of the present system of water-works, the city was without an adequate supply of this most necessary article. Aside from the burning of the Illinois College, but few disastrous conflagrations occurred. The citizens were generally prompt in rendering aid wherever a fire happened, and thus saved their homes from destruction. It became evident, however, that a better system of protection should be secured. The General Assembly, in 1835, passed an act entitled " An act for the incorporation of fire companies,' 1 which was approved February 12th of that year. Under the provisions of this act, the first fire company in the city was formed on the 23d of April, 1840. The names of its members show that its numbers were composed of some of the best citizens of the place. The buildings were generally of wood, mostly of a small size, and but few disastrous fires occurred. Their equipment consisted of a double-decked hand-engine. It was a very heavy "machine," and required quite a number of hands to work it. The same engine, with some improvements, is still used when occasions require. In addition to the old " Union " engine, the company had several hundred feet of hose, buckets, ladders, axes, and other necessary equipments. As the list of members comprising this company will be of interest to the readers of these pages, it is here inserted : James Berdan, Morris Collins,* J. D. Stone, A. V. Putman,* Stafford Smith, Jos. O. King, James H. Lurton, B. B. Chamberlain,* Robert Hockenhull, Thomas Anderson,* James Stark, William French, William Branson, John Hurst.* D. P. Palmer, Orlando C. Cole, John Fisher, J. A. McDougall, Nicholas Milburn,* Patrick Cresap,* J. Johnson, Samuel Galbraith,* F. Campbell, J. McAlister, John W. Goltra, C. B. Clarke, I. D. Rawlings, Timothy D. Eames, Henry Keener, J. Harris, Morton Mallory, F. Stevenson,* I. S. Hicks, William S. Hurst,* G. A. Dunlap,* J. S. Anderson, Benjamin F. Gass, B. F. Stevenson, D. A. Bulkley,* A. C. Dickson, B. R. Houhton, S. Hunt,* James Hurst,* William G. Wilson, Geo. Henry, S. H. Henderson, Moore C. Goltra, Phillip Coffman,* * Deceased. HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. 353 R. S. Anderson, R. Bibb,* William H. Corcoran,* John W. Chambers, David Smalley, William Smalley, Cornelius Goltra, F. C. Sutton, William C. Gwin, John Henry, Eli Harp,* A. W. Tilford,* C. Ogle, W. B. Lewis, A. B. Hathaway, John Mathers, Michael Rapp, I. A. Graves, H. S. Carson,* M. A. J. Hunter, W. W. Happy,* Stephen Sutton, A. Lohr,* W. Akins,* John Gregory,* W. B. Warren,* J. M. Lucas, J. B. McKinney, Joseph Gledhill, M. Dulany, J. W. McAlister, Geo. M. Chambers, L. Berry, J. Harkness,* A. Smith, J. T. Jones,* W. Patterson,* J. Cosgrove,* E. T. Miller, L. Filson, W. Braidwood,* J. J. Cassell,* W. C. Sweet,* W. C. Scott, John Freeman.* The earliest facilities of Jacksonville were quite meager compared with those of to-day. When the town was created, and a few families had established themselves therein, a post office was of necessity required, for people loved to write then as well as now, and were only deterred in the number of letters by the rates of postage and the facilities for trans- mission. The postage on a letter was twenty-five cents, and generally paid by the receiver. Money was a scarcer article then than now. The United States Government did not receive " coon skins " or " beeswax " in payment for postage, and it was not an uncommon affair for a letter to lie several months in the office before the person to whom it was addressed could raise the required twenty-five cents. When the express companies came into existence, they began to carry lecters for a less rate than the United States Mails, which department lowered the price of postage gradually until it reached ten cents per letter. This was thought to be a great reduction by the people, and the number of letters began to increase very rapidly. Jacksonville received, at first, a mail from St. Louis, brought by stages once in two weeks. Another route was estab- lished from Springfield west through Jacksonville to Meredosia, and thence on to Quincy. By the alternation of these mails, a weekly budget of letters and papers was received in the town, and the people thought themselves well provided for in this way. The post office in town was kept in various stores, shops, or offices, removed from time to time, as a change in administration and postmasters occurred. As time passed on, a semi-weekly mail was secured, then a tri-weekly, and, finally, by the time the first railroad was built, a daily mail had been firmly established. The number of daily mails increased as facilities for transportation were furnished, until now there are more than a dozen daily mails received and forwarded. During the twelve months, ending March 31, 1878, the. number of mails received daily, was fifteen, the same number being dispatched. Number of letters mailed during same time, 510,000, and the number received was 540,000. The receipts from the sales of stamps and envelopes was $16,000; number of money orders issued being 4,940, amounting to $45,000 ; number of - money orders paid 7,890, amounting to $65,000. The number of letters registered was 875, and the number of registered letters received was * Deceased. 354 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 1,160 ; number of large packages in transit, 1,440. The present post- master is David M. Simmons, Esq., who has held the position for several years. We have thus far traced the city through its successive stages of development. We will leave this portion of the narrative, and note the history of its business enterprises, its societies, churches, schools, improve- ments, city government, its newspapers, and other portions of its history that may come under various topics connected therewith. BUSINESS INTERESTS. Banks The banking .house of M. P. Ayers & Co. is the oldest in the city, and indeed the oldest in this part of the State. The firm is composed of M. P. Ayers, W. S. Hook, and A. E. Ayers. The first named of these established the bank in 1852, taking as its New York cor- respondent the American Exchange Bank of that city, and continues to correspond with the same bank. The Central Illinois Banking and Savings Association was established in January, 1867, as a stock association, under the above name, with L. W. Brown as president, H. C. Wiswall vice-president, and L. L. Adams cashier. In 1874, Mr. Adams resigned, and Mr. W. E. Veitch, who had been associated with the bank many years, was elected to the vacancy. This banking houe was originally established in 1856, by Elliott and Brown. After a time it was changed to Brown's bank, the late William Brown being sole proprietor. It was again changed to W. & E. W. Brown, and then to its present name and condition. Its capital is now $100,000. Mr. L. W. Brown is still president ; Mr. Wiswall having resigned, Mr. A. C. Wadsworth is now vice-president, and Mr. Veitch cashier. The savings department is separate from the regular banking department, both of which are exceedingly vyell managed. The First National Bank was founded in August, 1864. It has a capital of 8100,000, and a surplus of $150,000. Mr. Edward Scott is president, and F. G. Farrell cashier. The Jacksonville National Bank was established in 1870, in a room just east of the present quarters. Its capital is $200,000, and surplus $40,000. Mr. O. D. Fitzsimmons is president, and Mr. B. F. Beesley cashier. Hockenhull, King & Elliott's Bank was established in January, 1866, by Robert Hockenhull, Reynolds King, and Edward R. Elliott. The bank is still continued by its original founders, and is considered one of the soundest in the city. The Jacksonville Benefit Building Association, was incorporated under the State law, and began business October 2, 1872, with about one hundred shares, since increased to over eight hundred. The incor- porators were Horace Chapin, Robert Mason, A. W. Cadman, S. D. Lindsay, Frank Stewart, Ebenezer Mason, Charles H. Williamson, and W. F. Goheen. Each share is valued at one hundred dollars, payable in installments of twenty-five cents per week. When a sufficient amount accumulates it is immediately sold to the highest bidder, who repays the loan he secures, in weekly installments. This money is again re-loaned, and it is this weekly interest upon interest from which the profits of the association are derived. It enables a person of limited means to place his HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 355 money where it will bring him a large percentage, and to secure a home, where otherwise he would be unable to do so. The present officials are : Wm. Guy, president : Wm. Mason, treasurer ; Edward P. Kirby, attorney ; S. Tefft Walker, secretary. The association meets in Temperance Hall, every Monday evening. Building and Loan Associations, or Co-operative Banks, as they are often appropriately called, had their origin in Scotland, where a few friends formed themselves into a society for the purpose of building them homes. The plan they adopted worked so admirably that it was not long before other friends used the same means for the same ends, and were equally successful. From this beginning there sprang up such societies all over England and Scotland, and in time they became so popular, and were handling so much money, that Parliament made laws regulating such associations the same as other corporations of a banking nature. From England the transition to the United States of so easily and plainly understood a scheme, enabling the industrious working classes to procure homes, and aiding the person of moderate income to invest profit- ably their small savings, was not long in being made. Philadelphia, the " City of Homes," was the landing place of this, her future benefactor, and to this fact she owes the appellation, " City of Homes." Philadelphia has about one hundred and fifty active Building Associations, probably more than any other city in the United States ; and they are rapidly spreading over the Western States. Peoria, Quincy, Bloomington, and Springfield, each have one or more, and in Peoria and Quincy they are becoming very popular. A Building and Loan Association is composed entirely of one class of stock-holders, and its assets or property is represented by stock. Its original capital is derived from the weekly installments or dues paid on account of each share of stock, by means of which the association is enabled to work out the ultimate value of one hundred dollars per share in a given number of years, and these profits are obtained from loaning the accumulated weekly installments of dues and profits to such of the stockholders as may, under the rules, wish to borrow. Manufactures. For the size of the city, Jacksonville has but few factories. The oldest one in operation is that of Jos. Capps & Sons, who operate a woolen mill, situated in the north part of the city. Mr. Jos. 356 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Capps came to this county from Kentucky. In his native State he had learned the trade of a wool carder, and in 1838 established a small factory, where he carried on his trade in Jacksonville. In 1855, he erected the present woolen mills, now operated by his sons. They employ about sev- enty-five hands, keep five traveling men, and manufacture from one to three thousand yards per day. A foundry and machine shop has been in operation in the northeastern part of the city for a number of years. The old buildings were torn down in the Fall of '77, and a new and more commodious one erected on the spot. New machinery is being placed in it. The foundry is owned and operated by Akers & Russel. This foundry was opened in 1859, by Ellis, Shields & Dangerfield, who, after conducting the business for some years, disposed of it to Dangerfield & Co. It was afterward sold to Mr. Dangerfield, who carried on the business alone for a while, and then disposed of it to Mr. John Fidler, who, after carrying on the business for several years, sold it to the present firm, who have erected a large brick building on the ground formerly occupied by the old building. They have added new machinery and made numerous improvements. They are now making stationary steam engines, and elevator machinery. The foundry is at the junction of the railroads. The woolen mill and the foundry are the two largest enterprises of their kind in the city. There are three brick -yards, two or three grain elevators, four flouring mills, several small factories of various domestic articles, and a large number of shops of all kinds. The chief business in- terests of the city of Jacksonville is trade with its own inhabitants and with the people of the immediate surrounding country. The city is an educational center, and as such is the best in the State, yet it has abun- dant room for large manufactories, and did its citizens devote more atten- tion to such institutions, its business interests would be largely aug- mented. Its lines of transportation are abundant for all shipping facilities required. Its easy access to the Mississippi River and to large cities, both East and West, render it as important a center for manufacturing pur- poses, as it is for educational facilities. THE WATER WORKS. Prior to the building of the present water works, the inhabitants of the city were greatly inconvenienced by being deprived of an adequate supply of water. In case of fire the only dependence was cisterns or wells, and in times of drought these were a poor reliance. These facts showed the people plainly the necessity of having an improved system of water works. In 1868 Mr. James O. King secured the services of a Mr. Fowler, of Philadelphia, to draw him plans for water works, and make a survey of the ground. The plans furnished by Mr. Fowler called for an appropriation of $174,000. Mr. King took the plans, and securing a pe- tition signed by numerous citizens, presented both plans and petition to the city council, who appropriated $150,000 for the purpose asked. Here the matter rested for three or four years, being delayed for want of action by succeeding councils. About 1872 an ordinance was passed for the building of water works on a plan submitted by Mr. Chesbrough of Chi- cago ; $150,000 were appropriated and their construction soon after begun. The impounding reservoir was constructed in Pullam's ravine, HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 357 about two miles south of the city. The capacity of this reservoir, or as it is now known, Morgan Lake, is abundant for all practical purposes. The pumping works were built seven-eighths of a mile north of the lake. From there the water is forced to the distributing reservoir, built on College hill, a mile and an eighth west of the city. This reser- voir is eighty-six feet above the level of the public square, and one hun- dred and thirty-four above the pumping works ; its capacity is two and a half million gallons. The pumping capacity is 880 gallons per minute. At the present time every facility is afforded to prevent extensive confla- grations throughout the business parts of the city, as well as on the prin- cipal streets. In case of fire all that is needed is the attachment of hose to the hydrants, as the force of the water is sufficient to throw a stream to a height of eighty feet. The present superintendent is Mr. E. Wol- cott, who has held that position for a number of years, and has taken an active part in its success from its commencement. THE GAS WORKS. The Jacksonville Gas Light and Coke Company, was organized in 1856, with Marshall P. Ayers, president ; Judge Wm. Thomas, secretary; Joseph O. King, superintendent ; and Edward J. King, collector. It is now in successful operation, there being more than three hundred gas posts in use in the city. THE STREET RAILWAY. The charter for the incorporation of this company, was obtained about 1866, and its construction soon after began. M. C. Goltra, Ralph Rey- nolds, James H. Lurton, and. others, were the principal movers in this enterprise. The first line was built from the public square to the termi- nus on South Main Street. It was afterward extended from the public square to the railway junction, passing on East State Street. The third and last extension was made westward from the public square on West State Street beyond the city limits. MUNICIPAL HISTORY. Prior to the year 1840, Jacksonville was governed under the general village law of the State. This law authorized the citizens of any town to annually elect a board of trustees, who assumed and controlled all the interests of the town, and who constituted its municipal assembly. The growth of the town had by this year demanded a better form of government, and influential citizens assuming control of the matter, through their representative in the General Assembly, succeeded in getting a special act passed by that body, incorporating the town. The act, passed Feb. 3, 1840, came in force April 6th, and provided that the trustees then in office, Matthew Stacy, John Hurst, R. T. McNeeley, William Branson, and E. T. Miller, should constitute a board of trustees, to remain in office and discharge the duties pertaining thereto, until the first Monday in April, 1840, when an election for trustees should be held, and annually thereafter on that day. The act also declared that the cor- porative limits of the town should be one mile square, and farther pro- vided for other matters pertaining to the town. This act of incorporation, with various amendments, remained in force 358 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. twenty-seven years until 1867. By that date the growth of Jacksonville had been such as to demand a still better system of government. The popu- lation was about eight thousand, and the formation of a city government was agitated. Meeting with sufficient encouragement from the citizens, a few prominent persons presented the matter to the General Assembly, which body, on Feb. 15, 1867, passed an act incorporating the city of Jacksonville. This act denned its boundaries, its general powers ; provided for the election of officers, and defined their duties ; provided for the revenue of the city, for assessments, for opening streets and alleys, for public im- provements, for the collection of taxes, for a fire department, for graded schools, and for miscellaneous matters. On March 29, 1869, this act and one passed in Feb., 1849, relating to incorpo felted towns and cities, were amended. Under the amended charter, with a few alterations made by the legislature, as the improvement and growth of the city demand, Jacksonville is still governed. The original city charter divided the city into four wards, known as first, second, third, and fourth, and provided also that the city council could, at its discretion, create additional wards, as the city might require. The mu- nicipal government of the city, by article second of the act, was to consist of a city council, to be composed of a mayor and one alderman from each ward. The other officers of the corporation to be "a city clerk, a city marshal, a city treasurer, a city attorney, a city collector and assessor, a a city street commissioner, and a city surveyor." These officers have been elected annually since the establishment of the city government, and with the exception that since 1869 two aldermen are elected in each ward, remain the same. A police department is now in force, having been established several years. The fire depart- ment was established Jan. 13, 1873, and the board of education by the original charter of 1867. The municipal history of Jacksonville would be incomplete without a list of its officers. As the town received its first charter from the legis- lature on Feb. 3, 1840, the list commences from that date, as they appear on the records in possession of the city council. Until the city charter was obtained, the following were the trustees : 1840 Matthew Stacy, John Hurst, Ebenezer T. Miller, William Bransom, R. T. McNeeley. 1841 Matthew Stacy, E. T. Miller, John Hurst, Isaac D. Rawlings, Cornelius Hook. 1842 Isaac D. Rawlings, John Hurst, E. T. Miller, Peter Haden- burg, Cornelius Hook. 1843 Cornelius Hook, John Henry, John Hurst, Isaac D. Rawlings, E. T. Miller. 1844 Phillip Coffman, George A. Dunlap, Michael Rapp, Richard Bibb, William G. Johnson. 1845 Phillip Coffman, David A. Smith, Dunlap, Andrew New- comb, Joseph O. King. 1846 Phillip Coffman, William G. Johnson, William Branson, John W. Lathrop, Benjamin F. Gass. 1847 William Branson, J. R. Simms, John W. Goltra, Benjamin Pyatt, John Hurst. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 359 1848 William Branson, James Hurst, Joseph O. King, William G. Johnson, William N. Ross. 1849 William Branson, William G. Johnson, Joseph H. Bancroft, Andrew F. Wilson, John W. Lathrop. 1850 Joseph H. Bancroft, Michael Rapp, Martin H. Cassell, Jon- athan Neeley, William Ratekin. 1851 Michael Rapp, William Ratekin, Fleming Stevenson, David A. Smith Stephen Sutton. 1852 Michael Rapp, Joseph Capps, Stephen Sutton, William Rate- kin, William Branson. 1853 Ira Davenport, Michael Rapp, William Ratekin, Alexander McDonald, Stephen Sutton. 1854 Stephen Sutton, Michael Rapp, Joseph Capps, William Rate- kin, Alexander McDonald. 1855 William Branson, Nimrod Deweese, Joel Goodrick, Benjamin Cassell, Timothy D. Eames. 1856 Stephen Sutton, Michael Rapp, James S. Anderson, Edward Elliot, Cyrus Mathews. 1857 Michael Rapp, Edward Lambert, William H. Broadwell, Lewis Hatfield, Stephen Sutton. 1858 E. T. Miller, William G. Gallaher, Charles Daltou, Jonathan Neeley, Henry C. Coffman. 1859 Isaac D. Rawlings, Michael Rapp, Jesse W. Galbraith, Robert C. Bruce, Isaac L. Morrison. I860 William Ratekin, Thomas W. Wright, Wesley Mathers, Edward R. Elliott, Robert C. Bruce. 1861 Jonathan Neeley, Cyrus H. Knight, Charles Sample, Abraham G. Link, Isaac S. Sieter. 1862 Elizur Wolcott, Oscar D. Fitzsimmons, William Branson, Ben- jamin F. Gass, Edward Lambert. 1863 William Branson, Benjamin F. Gass, Oscar D. Fitzsimmons, Elizur Wolcott, Edward Lambert. 1864 William Branson, Oscar D. Fitzsimmons, Benjamin F. Gass, Alexander Edgmon, Charles H. Howard. 1865 Michael Rapp, Charles McDonald, Stephen Ellis, A. Clark Wadsworth, William C. Woodman. 1866 Ralph Reynolds, Charles H. Howard, Elizur Wolcott, James H. Lurton, Isaac J. Ketcham. The next year the city government came in force. The officers of the City of Jacksonville, as they appear on the records in the clerk's office, from that date until now, are as follows : 1867 Mayor, John Mathers ; Clerk, H. O. Cassell ; Marshal, E. M. Allen ; Assessor and Collector, A. N. McDonald : Street Commissioner, Charles Rockwell ; Attorney, Wm. L. English ; Aldermen First Ward, R. T. Osborne ; Second, C. H. Howard ; Third, D. M. Simmons ; Fourth, Alexander Edgmon. 1868 Mayor, Wm. P. Barr ; City Clerk, John C. Pyatt (resigned), J. J. Rowen ; Marshal, Geo. W. Smith ; Street Commissioner, Henry Rice ; Assessor and Collector, W. W. Happy ; Attorney, Wm. Gallaher, jr.; Aldermen, First Ward, James Redmond ; Second, Edward Lambert; Third, D. M. Simmons, Fourth, Wm. Branson. 360 HISTORY OP MOEGAN COUNTY. 1869 Mayor, John Mathers; Clerk, James H. Kellogg; Marshal, James A. McKay ; Attorney, Edward Dunn ; Assessor and Collector, W. W. Happy ; Street Commissioner, Charles Rockwell ; Aldermen, First Ward, Irvin Dunlap, L, Weigand ; Second, Geo. M. McConnell, William Knox ; Third, E. T. Miller, Win. Hamilton, jr.; Fourth, Alexander Edg- mon, R. C. Bruce. 1870 Mayor, Wra. Branson ; Clerk, A. N. McDonald ; Marshal, J. M. Swales ; Attorney, James H. Kellogg ; Assessor and Collector, Wm. G. Johnson; Street Commissioner, Wm. D. Humphrey; Aldermen, First Ward, Irvin Dunlap, Daniel Redmond ; Second, Jonathan Neeley, Joseph Caups; Third, John H. Fink, Wm. Hamilton, jr.; Fourth, J. H. Bancroft, J. \V. Hall. 1871 Mayor, Wm. Ratekin ; Clerk, A. N. McDonald; Marshal, Wm. Needham ; Attorney, O. A. DeLeuw ; Assessor and Collector, Wm. G. Johnson; Street Commissioner, Alfred Boungard ; Aldermen, First Ward, R. M. Gregory, F. F. Shcmalz ; Second, Jos. Capps, Jona- than Neely ; Third, Jas. Montgomery, Jas. M. Mitchell ; Fourth, Josiah Gorham, Chas. K. Sawyer. 1872 Mayor, George M. McConnell ; Clerk, John N. Marsh : Mar- shal, Wm. Needham ; Attorney, Edward Dunn ; Assessor and Collector, Bazzil Davenport ; Street Commissioner, Francis Long with ; Aldermen, First Ward, M. H. Walsh, L. Weigand ; Second, Charles E. Ross, Henry R. Johnson; Third, M. Rapp, J. M. Ewing; Fourth, D. W. Fairbanks, Dr. C. Fisher. 1873 Mayor, Mat, Stacey ; Clerk, Ben. R. Upham ; Marshal, F. M. Springer; Attorney, George J. Dod ; Assessor and Collector, ; Street Commissioner, Ellis M. Allen ; Aldermen, First Ward, B. F. Gass, W. S. Hurst; Second, C. E. Ross, J. I. Chambers ; Third, B. W. Simmons, W. S. Richards; 'Fourth, Dr. Clinton Fisher, A. W. Jackson. 1874 Mayor, James O. King ; Clerk, B. R. Upham ; Marshal, Jas. S. Hurst ; Attorney, Jas. N. Brown ; Assessor and Collector, B. Daven- port ; Street Commissioner, T. N. Jewsbury; Aldermen, First Ward, W. P. Gallon, V. E. Higgins ; Second, Phillip Lee, Easley Moore ; Third, H. C. Stewart, Wm. Hackman ; Fourth, Abram Wood, A. W. Jackson. 1875 Mayor, Wesley Mathers; Clerk, Ben. R. Upham; Marshal, Charles O. Sperry ; Attorney, R. D. Russell; Assessor and Collector, B. Davenport ; Street Commissioner, John A. Schaub ; Aldermen, First Ward, V. E. Higgins, W. P. Gallon ; Second, S. H. Thompson, S. E. Greenleaf ; Third, E. Hamilton, A. R. Gregory; Fourth, Abram Wood, Jos. Tomlinson. 1876 Mayor, Ed. S. Greenleaf; Clerk, Ben. R. Upham; Marshal, C. O. Speiry ; Attorney, John G. Morrison ; (no Commissioner appointed); Aldermen, First Ward, L. S. Olmsted, C. Widmayer ; Second, Jas. Scott, W. C. Carter; Third, A. R. Gregory, T. J. Bronson ; Fourth, G. S. Russel, Geo. Hayden. 1877 Mayor, E. S. Greenleaf ; Clerk, Henry W. Hunt; Marshal, C. O. Sperry; Attorney, Robert D. Russell; Street Commissioner, John A. Schaub; Aldermen, First Ward, G. W. Hobbs, Nat. Kitner ; Second, V. E. Higgins, James Scott; Third, Dr. J. P. Willard, W. S. Snyder ; Fourth, G. S. Russel, Geo. Hayden. 1878 Mayor, S. Henry Thompson ; Clerk, Henry W. Hunt ; Mar- HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 361 shal, David Schoonover, jr.; Attorney, J. A. Bellatti ; Street Commis- sioner, T. N. Jewsbuiy ; Chief Fire Department, William Harrison ; Treasurer, Win. E. Veitcli ; Aldermen, First Ward, J. H. Myers, Nat. Kitner; Second, John Hopper, M. H. Carroll ; Third, W. S. Snyder, J. R. Loar ; Fourth, D. B. Smith, Geo. Hayden. The Police Department, under the present system, was organized in 1867, when the city charter was adopted. The force consists of the city marshal, who is chief, and five policemen. The marshal is the only one elected by the people, the others being appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the council. One of the policemen is also keeper of the calaboose, or city prison. The headquarters of the force is at the city prison. THE FIRE DEPARTMENT Is composed of volunteer companies ; the chief and his assistant being the only persons receiving pay. The department was created by an ordinance passed in 1867, and within thirty days from its passage, they were equipped and ready for duty. There are three hose compan- ies, one engine and hose company, and one hook and ladder company. The force consists of fifteen members to each hose company, twenty members to the hook and ladder company, and thirty-five members to the engine and hose company. The engine is used only in cases where fires occur away from the water-mains, and where fires are confined to high buildings. The Fire Department is most efficient in its work, being supplied with all the modern improvements. Mainly through the efforts of Mr. George Hayden the Chairman of the Fire Department Committee of the City Council is due the fact that Jacksonville has one of the b.est equipped fire departments in central Illinois. Captain William Harrison is the present chief. CEMETERIES. Diamond G-rove Cemetery, was purchased by the city of Jacksonville in 1866. It is located about southwest of the square. The site chosen is a beautiful one, and contains about forty acres. Its rolling ground is plea-ing, and is interspersed with a natural growth of trees and shrubs, making its landscape beaut}' unsurpassed, for the purpose designed. It is a picturesque retreat, well adapted as a sacred spot for the reception of the departed, where monuments to their memory are preserved and tenderly cared for. Many monuments have been erected, and other improvements made, which add beauty to, and adorn the grounds, mak- ing it one of the most beautiful cemeteries in this part of the State. Jacksonville Cemetery contains about thirty acres, and lies one mile northeast of the public square. This is the oldest cemetery used by the city, and is a beautiful place ; being nicely shaded by large forest trees. The grounds are beautifully laid out, and are adorned with evergreens and flowers. Many of those who, during their lives, held high positions in this community and elsewhere, lie buried here. In this cemetery lies the remains of the great " war governor," Hon. Richard Yates. Of late years the " Diamond Grove " cemetery has been used more than this one. 362 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. LODGES, ASSOCIATIONS, AND SOCIETIES. A. F. and A. M. Harmony Lodge, No. 3, was chartered April, 1840. Present membership, 108. Meets first and third Mondays in each month. Jacksonville Lodge No. 570, was chartered October, 1867. Present membership, 100. Meets first and third Thursdays of eacli month. Jacksonville Chapter, No. 3, was chartered October, 1850. The present membership is 150. Meets second and fourth Mondays in each month. Jacksonville Council, No. 5, was chartered September, 1855. Present membership, 75. It is under the control of the Chapter officers. Hospital Commandery, K. T., No. 31, was chartered October, 1869. Its present membership is 102. Meets first and third Tuesdays in each month. All of the Masonic bodies meet in Masonic Temple, on West State Street. /. 0. 0. F. Illini Lodge, No. 4, was chartered July, 1838. Pres- ent membership, 175. Urania Lodge, No. 234, was chartered August, 1850. Present membership, 140. Ridgley Encampment, No. 9, was chartered 1850. Present membership, 140. These bodies meet in Odd Fellows Hall, north side of the square. A. 0. U. W. The Ancient Order of United Workmen, No. 19, was chartered October, 1876, their present membership is 75. Lodge room, Music Hall, south side square. K. of H. ' Knights of Honor Lodge, No. 828, was chartered Dec. 26, 1877. They have a membership of 40, which is rapidly increasing. Place of meeting, Music Hall, south side square. Military. The Militia consists of two companies of young men, sworn in under the militia law of the State, for a term of five years. The Morgan Cadets, Co. I, Fifth Regiment, I. N. G., number 56 men, and were organized July 26, 1876. They are commanded by Captain Wm. Harrison, who served as Captain of Co. A. Thirty-ninth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, during the war. The Light Guards, Co. K, Fifth Regiment, I. N. G., was organized in 1876, and number 50 men. Their Captain, James M. Swales, served during the war as Lieutenant of Co. A, Tenth Regiment. Illinois Volunteers. Both companies are uniformed and equipped ; and did good service at East St. Louis, during the Summer of '77, aiding in the suppression of the railroad strike. Both companies meet for drill on Tuesday and Thursday evenings, of each week. The Cadets occupy Odean Hall ; the Light Guards, Osborne Hall. Y. M. G. A. This society was organized in 1874. It was an out- growth of a revival held by Mr. E. P. Hammond, so well known in reli- gious circles. About twenty persons joined the association. Dr. H. A. Gilman was chosen president, which position he held until 1876, when he resigned, and Mr. R. D. Russell was chosen to fill the position. Their first meetings were held in a hall on the north side of the square, after- ward they occupied a room on East State Street, where they opened a soup house and reading room. From this place they removed to their present rooms in Ayers' block. There are now about 150 members. The association corfducts a Sunday school, on South Main Street, and a night school at its rooms, during the winter. They also conduct a young peo- ple's meeting, every Sunday afternoon. Heading Room and Library. The Jacksonville Free Reading Room HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 363 and Library Association was organized in April, 1874, by members of the Jacksonville Library, acting with members of the Woman's Temper- ance Union. A board of seven managers was elected, a subscription paper circulated, and a free reading room opened. At this stage the Odd Fellows of Jacksonville offered their library and bookcases, containing nineteen hundred volumes, to the Board of Managers, for six hundred dollars. Another subscription-paper was circulated, the necessary amount was subscribed and collected, and the library bought and opened to the public in connection with the reading room. At the same time, the Association was incorporated under the General Incorporation Law of Illinois. The Constitution of the Association forbids the creation of any debt. One member of the Board of Managers goes out of office on the first of each year. The vacancy so created is filled by the nomination by the mayor, and the ratification by the board, of a person to that office. The office of Librarian is filled by Mrs. M. V. Hook, who has been annually elected to that position. The number of books in the library has been increased by purchase and by donations, to 2800 volumes. The use of the papers on the tables, and of the books in the cases, is free to all persons within the room. Those who draw books for home reading, pay twenty-five cents per month for the privilege. The annual expenses of the Reading Room and Library have been about five hundred dollars. Two hundred dollars of this sum has been met by fees paid for the use of the library. The remainder has been received as donations, or as proceeds of public lectures or entertainments. Owing to the liberality of Col. Chambers, and of M. P. Ayers & Co., no rent has ever been paid for the use of the rooms occupied by the read- ing room. The Library and Reading Room is kept open every day and evening in the week except Sunday, and on Sunday it is open from 2 till 6 o'clock p. m. The Jacksonville Medical and Scientific Association has placed its books and periodicals in the library, subject to the rules and regulations of the reading room. The Jacksonville Horticultural Society has also adopted the same plan with its five periodicals, and its special library of one hundred and fifty volumes. Owing to the prudence and catholicity of the Board of Managers, all disturbing questions have been avoided in its management, and the reading room is one institution in Jacksonville to which all wish the greatest prosperity. The Jacksonville Library Association was organized in January, 1871, and was incorporated under the State law (of Illinois) in December, 1871. The ownership of the books and other property of the Associa- tion is represented by certificates of stock, which are transferable, and the present par value of which is the amount of the original assess- ment and all subsequent ones. The number of stockholders is limited to fifty. The affairs of the Association are managed by a board of seven trustees', elected annually by the stockholders. 364 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. The library now contains nine hundred volumes, representing an actual cost of eighteen hundred dollars. An inspection of the catalogue will indicate, in some measure, the character of the books, and the care which has been exercised in their selection. Additions will be made twice a year, or as often as the funds of the association permit. A department consisting of standard works of reference, such as encyclo- paedias and dictionaries, has been commenced, and will be enlarged as soon as practicable. In periodical literature, the library receives regu- larly the British, Edinburgh, London, Westminster and North American Reviews (quarterly), the International Review (bi-monthly), Black- wood's Magazine, and the Popular Science Monthly. It is the design of the trustees that on all subjects the library shall furnish standard infor- mation to inquirers, students, and the reading public generally. A full participation in the use of the library is now offered to any person for the sum of one dollar and twenty-five cents per quarter, or five dollars per year. Certificates of stock can be obtained, and subscriptions for use of library made at the office of Hon. E. P. Kirby, in the court house, or at the library room, where the librarian attends on AVednesday from 2 to 3 p. m., and on Saturday from 2:30 to 4 p. m. The present officers are William S. Andras, president ; Edward P. Kirby, treasurer, John H. Woods, librarian and secretary. The Art Association of Jacksonville was organized in 1873, chiefly through the efforts, and at the instance of Mrs. Ella O. Browne, and was incorporated under the general law of the State, in March, 1875. Its aims and objects are the study and appreciation of the fine arts, especially the arts of design, by the formation of a public collection of art treatises, pictures, engravings, photographs, casts, models, and such other material as may aid in this purpose ; and furthermore by lectures, essays, and discussions on art subjects. It holds monthly meetings, chiefly of a literary character, at which various topics pertaining to the history, theory, and practice are freely discussed. There is also a fortnightly meeting for the more particular study of certain branches of art. Four annual exhibitions have been given, made up of works by home artists, or from private collections, with several valuable paintings loaned by artists in Chicago, St. Louis, and neighboring cities. These exhibi- tions have not only proved pecuniarily successful, but have had an excel- lent and pervasive influence upon the whole community, in educating their tastes, and cultivating their perceptions of the truly beautiful. The association is in a prosperous condition, with a small collection of works of art, and a goodly balance in the treasury, available for further pur- chases. The present officers of the association are : T. J. Pitner, president ; John H. Woods, secretary ; Henry H. Hall, treasurer. Jacksonville Literary Union. This societ}' was organized fourteen years ago. Its object, as stated in its constitution, is to promote useful knowledge and correct taste among its members, and to devise plans for the good of society. The number of members is limited to twenty, and its ranks are always full. It includes law\ T ers, doctors, ministers, teachers, and others, of every shade of political and religious belief. Including the acting ' COUNTY COMMISSIONER JACKSONVILLE. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 365 members, sixty-one persons have been connected with the Union since its organization. Election to membership requires a unanimous vote. Meetings are held weekly at the houses of the different members. Visitors are freely admitted on the introduction of a member. The exercises are introduced in a conversation, a debate, an essay, or a select reading. After the topic is introduced, each member is at lib- erty to express his views on the subject. In this manner three hours a week are usually spent in instructive and entertaining discussion. At each meeting any member can propose topics for consideration, and if there is no objection they are entered on a topic book, subject to future selection. In this manner a list of 1,170 topics has been recorded. Two hundred of these were added during the past year. More than half of these topics have been discussed, at different times, before the Union. The free expression of educated and liberal thought which obtains in the Literary Union, exerts much influence on society. The Club is a voluntary association of gentlemen residing in the City of Jacksonville, for the purpose of mutual entertainment and instruction. It was organized at the house of ProfessorW. D. Sanders, September 17, 1861, by sixteen gentlemen adopting a constitution and signing their names to the same. Any gentleman may become a member by being proposed at any regular meeting, and at a subsequent meeting receiving the unanimous vote of all the members present. The number was originally limited to seventeen, but afterward increased to twenty, besides a few who, for special reasons, have been placed on the emeritus list, and excused from regular attendance. The club meets twice each month, on the second and fourth Monday evenings. The place of meeting, leader, and topic, are designated at the meeting previous to the discussions. The leader is the presiding officer when he leads the discussion, which may be written or oral. After the leader each member is called upon in regular order, passing from right to left, and may occupy ten minutes. Meetings are held at the houses of the members by invitation. The following are the names of the gentlemen who originally signed the constitution: J. M. Sturtevant, Henry Jones, Samuel Adams, David A. Smith, Rufus C. Crampton, Andrew McFarland, Wm. G. Gallaher, Marshall P. Ayres, D. H. Hamilton, Wm. D. Sanders, E. Wolcott, C. H. Marshall, Rufus Nutting, jr., Edward P. Kirby, J. B. Turner, W. S. Russell. At this first meeting E. Wolcott was chosen secretary, and continued in the active service of the club nearly eleven years. Of the sixteen original signers, ten are still members of the club. Three have died, and three moved away. James Berdan was admitted at the second meeting. Since the organization the following persons have been admitted : David Prince, Henry E. Dummer, Isaac L. Morrison, C. M. Morse, H. V. D. Nevins, H. E. Storrs, S. M. Morton, M. Grosvenor, W.W. Harsha, Eli Corwin, D. W. Fairbank. These are all still members. Besides these, nine others have been admitted, some of whom have died, and the rest removed. Since Mr. Wolcott, three have acted as secretaries, James Berdan, H. E. Storrs, and Mason Grosvenor. The Plato Club is an association of ladies and gentlemen for the dis- cussion of Plato and his writings. Meetings are held every Saturday forenoon, at the house of Joseph O. King, Esq., at which time interesting K 366 HISTORY or IIO&GAN COUNTY. discussions are held. The club has been in existence for a period of six- teen years, during which time the meetings have been presided over by Dr. Hiram K. Jones. The Club is composed of some of the best and most influential citi- zens in Jacksonville. Jacksonville Horticultural Society. This society was organized July 3, 1869, having for its object the advancement of the horticultural inter- ests of Morgan Co. The following officers were elected to serve for the term of one year : E. Lambert, president ; R. Reynolds, vice-president ; E. Mason, secretary ; Mrs. E. Walcott, treasurer. The third article of the constitution reads as follows : " Its members shall consist of all persons who have paid an annual fee of one dollar, and subscribed their names to the constitution ; and of such honorary members as the society may unanimously elect at any regular meeting. The wives of members shall be members without fee." Forty persons paid the necessary fee, and became members of the society. The regular meetings occur upon the first Saturday of each month, at such place as the society may designate. These meetings have been held regularly during the past nine years. The proceedings have been published in the local papers, and their influence has been very valu- able and widespread. Exhibitions have been held annually, and the rapid increase in their popularity proves that the people are not slow to appreci- ate an organization which labors unceasingly for the advancement of their welfare. The interest awakened in the cultivation of house and bedding plants alone, has built up and liberally patronized two large establishments for their propagation here in this city. Twelve standing committees, each consisting of three practical hoiticulturists, whose duty it is to study the different branches of the art and report the result of their investigations, are appointed annually, and have been the means of developing many interesting and valuable facts in connection with their different fields of labor. Through the zeal of its early officers, and the liberality of the citizens of Jacksonville, the society was enabled to accumulate an excel- lent library, comprising the choicest scientific and practical works upon horticulture now extant. It has been transferred to the Free Reading Room, where it is accessible to the general public as well as to members of the society. The officers for the current year are : Hon. Ed. Scott, president ; Charles Catlin, vice-president ; Dr. H. W. Milligan, corre- sponding secretary and librarian ; A. L. Hay, recording secretary ; Miss M. E. Catlin, treasurer. Any questions upon horticultural subjects will be cheerfully answered by the corresponding secretary, through the press or by mail, if desired. The Jacksonville Natural History Society was organized in 1871. The number of active members is limited to twenty. Meetings are held twice a month at the houses of members. The object of the society is to extend and improve the knowledge of the different departments of natural his- tory among its members and the community. During the first two years of its existence the society was engaged in the study of geology. While Professor Dana was followed as a text, every obtainable authority was consulted and discussed. The next two years were devoted to the study HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 367 of botany. Professor Gray was considered the text in this branch, but the discussions often took a wide scope, involving the economic and social relations of plants to man. The next two years were given to zoology. In this department Professor Tenney's classification was followed. The whole animal kingdom, from zoophytes to man, was discussed, and the functions, structure, relations, and classification, discussed. The society next took up Darwin's " Origin of Species " as a text, and is now busied with the problems of " Natural Selection," and the " Survival of the Fittest." Sorosis. This society, composed entirely of ladies, was organized November 30, 1868. It object is the moral, mental, and physical culture of its members. Its meetings are held on Friday evenings of each week, at the residences of the members. The exercises consist of essays, debates, readings, discussion of authors, and social conversation. The maximum membership is twenty-five. The Microscopical Society. On the 20th of January, 1887, Dr. H. K. f Jones, Dr. David Prince, Prof. H. E. Storrs, W. O. Pollard, Esq., and Dr. G. V. Black, met at the residence of the lalter, for the purpose of forming a society which should have for its object the advancement of microscopical science and its allied branches. A constitution was adopted which provides that the number of members shall not exceed fifteen, and that the officers shall be a president, vice-president, and secretary. At each meeting some one member is responsible for a suitable subject for discussion and illustration, and is responsible for specimens directly illus- trative. The regular meetings of the society are held on the first Friday evening of each month, when there are generally several interested visitors present. The officers of the society are : Dr. H. W. Milligan, president; Miss Alice Rhoads, vice-president, and Miss Louise Fuller, secretary. The Morgan County Medical Society, was organized in 1866. It is composed of doctors throughout the entire county. Meetings are held monthly, at which time papers are read, and discussions are held on various topics relating to the medical profession. The design of the society is the promotion of knowledge among its members, and to cultivate a more intimate acquaintance one with another. The officers are: Dr. E. D. Wing, president ; Dr. G. V. Black, secretary, and Dr. W. H. H. King, treasurer. The Jacksonville Medical Club, was organized in March, 1878. It is composed of physicians living in the City of Jacksonville. The object of the club is similar to that of the Morgan County Medical Society. Its meetings are held bi-weekly, and are well attended. P. E. 0. This Chapter was organized in this city in 1870, by the young lady graduates of the Presbyterian Academy. The object of the society is for the mental culture and social improvement of its members. The meetings are held two Saturdays of each month, at the residences of its members. The membership is gradually increasing. The officers are : Miss Ida Harsha, president ; Miss Julia Lathrop, secretary. THE CHURCHES. The First Presbyterian and Central Presbyterian Churches were organized as one on the 30th day of June, 1827 over fifty years ago with twelve members, five male and seven females. It was then called 368 HISTORY OF MORGAN COTTXTY. the * k First Presbyterian Church of Morgan County," b.eing the first of that denomination organized in the county, and the first to erect a house of worship within its limits. The names of these pioneer founders con- stituting this church appear on the record as follows : " John Leeper and Fidelia his wife, Edwin A. Mears and Sarah his wife, James Hears and Polly his wife, and Harvey McClung, all from the Shoal Creek Church ; James Kerr and Janet his wife, from the First Reformed Church in the city of New York ; Wm. C. Posey and Sarah his wife, from Winchester and Paris churches in Kentucky, and Hector C. Taylor from Hindsbury, Vermont." The organization took place at the house of John Leeper, about one mile south of town, in a grove directly east of where the Asylum for the Insane now stands. " This little Christian community," says the Rev. L. M. Glover, in a sermon preached at the quarter century celebration of the First Presbyterian Church, and from which these items are taken, "took for their name ' The First Presbyterian Church of Morgan County.' In 1837, the style became ' The Presbyterian Church of Jacksonville;" and subsequently," after the division of the Presbyte- rian Church into the Old and New School Assemblies, " the name it now bears." Among the constituent members, Mr. Posey seems to have been the leading spirit. Rev. W. W. Harsha, pastor of the Central Church, in a sermon preached at the dedication of their present house of worship on April 19, 1874, and from which extracts are also made, says of him : " He was a son of the first Territorial governor of Indiana. He had been a merchant in Kentucky, but desiring to better his condition, made a journey on horseback from that State to Missouri. Not pleased with what he saw there, he decided to return to his former home and remain. When in the Mississippi bottom he missed his path, and instead of taking a southeasterly direction, he went northeasterly, and was far on his way toward Morgan County before he discovered his mistake. Making then some inquiry as to the character of the country before him, he received such glowing accounts of this region of Illinois from the early settlers along the road, that he concluded to see Jacksonville before returning to his former home. He came, he saw, he was captivated. He returned to his family, and as, soon as his affairs in Kentucky could be arranged he moved to this place, settling on the land he had purchased, one and one- half miles southeast of town. His first concern, as appears from his diary, was to secure a church, where he and his family could worship the God of their fathers. " The Rev. John A. Brich, a Presbyterian missionary, was present and presided at the organization. Wm. C. Posey and John Leeper were elected and ordained ruling elders. Mr. Brich continued to act as Stated Supply for about one year, when, in 1828, Rev. John M. Ellis was called and installed as the first pastor. Mr. Ellis remained and labored efficiently with the church until December, 1831, when at his own request he was released. For four years the church was without a settled pastor, when, in December, 1835, Rev. A. H. Dashiell, was installed. Mr. Dashiell remained but about one year, when he resigned, and in December, 1837, Rev. Ralph W. Gridley entered upon the pastorate, and was in the active exercise of his ministerial functions, when the division of the Presbyte- rian Church in the United States took place, resulting in what was known as the Old School and New School Assembles. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 369 "The Jacksonville Presbyterian Church, like many others throughout the land, was rent in twain by this division. There were three elders in the church at that time: Wm. C. Posey, David B. Ayers, and Daniel C. Pierson. Mr. Posey and a minority in the church sympathizing strongly with the Old School Assembly, adhered to that body, and carried their cause before the Synod of Illinois, which met in Peoria in September, 1838. The Synod after hearing the case took the following action : "PEORIA, Sept. 28, 1838. " On motion resolved : In accordance with the act No. 1, and its sections, of the late General Assembly, that the minority of the session and church of Jacksonville, be and they are declared to be the session and church of Jacksonville. " A true copy of the records of the Synod of Illinois. " J. G. BERGEN, Stated Clerk." The majority of the church with its elders, were, of course, recog- nized by the courts adhering to the New School Assembly, and thus there were here in existence two churches, each tracing its origin to the original act of organization, and having a common history from 1827 to 1838. The records and property were surrendered without litigation to the party which adhered to the New School Assembly. This church retained the old name, The Presbyterian Church of Jacksonville, until 1870, when, upon the re-union of the two Assemblies, it took the name of the "Central Presbyterian Church," the other church having adopted some years ago the name of the " First Presbyterian Church." In June 1877, the semi-centennial celebration of Presbyterianism in this county was held in Jacksonville. The Journal of Friday, June 29th, contained an excellent resume of the history of that denomination in the county, which we here quote. Speaking of the First Church, the paper says : " At the time of the separation the majority, probably about one hundred, of the Jacksonville church adhered to the New School Assem- bly, and with Rev. R. W. Gridley, pastor, and a majority of the session, continued to occupy the old church, on West State Street, where the Central is now located. The first edifice upon the present site was built in 1847 at a cost of $10,000. It was a brick structure, 45x70 feet in size. This church just after having been refurnished in 1861, was totally destroyed by fire, December first. The congregation occupied Strawn's hall (now Opera House), until the present commodious and comely structure was erected at a cost of $60,000. The corner stone was laid August 4, 1864, and the completed church dedicated January 6, 1867. Rev. R. W. Gridley continued as pastor only about two years, dying in office February 2, 1840. Rev. William H. Williams succeeded, being installed in May 1842. He resigned in September, 1853, to take charge of the Jacksonville Female Academy. Rev. Chauncy Eddy was installed June 30, 1844, and remained until the Spring of 1848. In October of that year, Dr. L. M. Glover, the present pastor, entered upon his labors in connection with this church, and has continued them until this date. The Central Church was found, after the division, to contain forty- two members. They secured the services of Rev. Andrew Todd, of Flemingsburg, Ky., who entered upon his labors in the Autumn of 1838. 370 HISrORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. They worshiped first for a few months in a frame building which stood on the north end of the lot now occupied by the Parkfhouse. The use of the building was given by Governor Duncan. Afterward the Congrega- tional church was secured, at a nominal rent. In the meantime prepara- tions were made for the erection of a sanctuary for themselves, and in the year 1840, about two years after the division of the church, the frame building on West State Street was completed the lot having been donated by Colonel John J. Hardin, at a cost of eighteen hundred dollars, as his subscription. In this sanctuary the congregation worshiped for nearly thirty years, leaving it only a few months before entering the lecture room of the present building, in 1871. Since the division in 1838, this church has had four settled pastors. Rev. Andrew Todd, from November, 1838, until failing health compelled him, in the Autumn of 1849, to seek a warmer climate. He continued to fail, until on the second day of September, 1850, in the fifty-first year of his age, he fell asleep in Jesus, at Casa Bianca, near Monticello, Florida. After the death of this gifted man, Rev. J. V. Dodge was called to the pastorate. Mr. Dodge continued his labors but four years and a half, from the Autumn of 1850 until the Spring of 1855, when wholly at his own desire, the pastoral relation was dissolved. He still lives, at Evans- ville, Indiana, a highly respected minister of the gospel, in connection with the Presbyterian Church. After the resignation of Mr. Dodge, the Rev. John H. Brown, D.D., afterward pastor for some years of the First Presbyterian Church, Spring- field, Illinois, acted as stated supply for one year. From September, 1856, until the following spring, the pulpit was supplied by different per- sons, chiefly by Rev. Dr. Bergen, of Springfield. In 1857, Rev. R. W. Allen, formerly pastor of the Pisgah Presbyterian Church, of Kentucky, took charge of the church as stated supply. Having received a unani- mous call to the pastorate, Mr. Allen was installed December 5, 1858, and continued his faithful labors until May, 1867, when he resigned. After Mr. Allen's resignation, the church was without a pastor for two years, during which time they were dependent upon transient supplies for preaching, with the exception of six months, when they enjoyed the very efficient labors of Rev. R. J. L. Matthews, formerly of Vandalia, Illinois. In 1869, the present pastor, Rev. W. W. Harsha, D.D., was called from the South Presbyterian Church, Chicago. He was born in West Hebron, Washington County, N. Y. He received his collegiate education in Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. He studied law, but shortly after entering upon the practice, changed his profession and entered the ministry, in connection with the Associate Presby- terian Church. Joined the Old School Church in 1854. He com- menced his ministry in Galena, in 1846. His pastoral charges have been at Galena, Hanover Savanna, Dixon, Chicago, and Jackson- ville. He took charge of his present Church in May, 1869. Received the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1872, from Fulton College, Missouri, of which institution Rev. Dr. Price was at the time President. Ongoing to Dixon, in 1855, he founded the Presbyterian Institution, known as the Dixon Collegiate Institute, and acted for some years as its President. HISTOBY OF MOliGAN COUNTY. i>71 During the thirty-nine years and including since June, 1877 that this church has maintained a separate existence, about eight hundred persons have been received into its communion. Its present house of worship was completed in 1874. Its cost, including the lot, was thirty- three thousand dollars. Referring to the Westminster Church, the Journal continues : This is the youngest of the English speaking Presbyterian Churches of the city. It was founded by thirty-four members of the First Church in the Spring of 1860. A plain brick house of worship was erected that year on Westminster Street, the present site. Dr. David H. Hamilton was installed as the first pastor in October, 1860, and continued as such until January 1, 1872. Dr. H. V. D. Nevins was next called. His pastorate continued until his resignation, early in 1874. The present pastor, Rev. S. M. Morton, was installed in October, 1874. The church and lot origin- ally cost seven thousand dollars, with extensive improvements in 1866 and 1875. In reference to the Portuguese Presbyterian Churches, the paper says : In addition to three English churches, there are three Presbyterian con- gregations among our Portuguese fellow citizens. In November, 1849, a company of about four hundred of this nationality, reached this section of the State, settling in Waverly, Springfield, and Jacksonville. They were religious exiles, mostly from the island of Maderia, and having been under the spiritual guidance of a Scotch Presbyterian clergyman, they naturally allied themselves with that denomination in this country. Churches were formed in Springfield and this city. From the latter sprang, in May, 1858, a second church. In 1872 the latter organization was again divided. In the three churches there are now some four hun- dred members. They occupy two substantial frame buildings on Jordan and North Streets. The last formed congregation are using the court house for worship at present. The pulpits are supplied now by Rev. Henry Vieria, Rev. Charles Barton, and Rev. Emanuel Pires. Within the present bounds of Morgan County, outside of the citj r , there are three Presbyterian Churches which joined in this semi centennial celebration, as follows: Murrayville, Pisgah, and Unity. Besides these there are five others, located within the boundaries of Morgan County in 1827, when the church on the Leeper farm was formed, viz.: Manchester, Winchester, Beardstown (German), Virginia, and Little Indian. The Baptists. This denomination have two churches in the city. The first was organized in 1841. In 1856, they dedicated their present house of worship. At their organization Rev. Alvin Bailey presided, the meeting being held in the Christian church. Rev. Mr. Bailey remained four or five years, when failing health necessitated a change and he resigned. The congregation occupied the market house a year or more, and then built the present German church on West State Street. Among the constituent members were John and M. C. Goltra, J. D. Rawlins and wife, Mrs. Bibb, and Mrs. Ellen C. Spencer. The present house of wor- ship cost $15,000. The membership is about two hundred. The other Society is the colored church, with over one hundred members. It has been in successful operation since its organization, and maintains an excellent Sunday School. The First Gierman Lutheran Church was organized in 1858, with 372 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. eight members, among whom were John Knollenberg, Fred. Walker, Edward Beer, Henry Bachlefel and Joseph Kackmann. The organization was effected in the Christian church, then situated on North Main Street. They met for divine services in various places, until 1863, when they com- pleted their present house of worship. This was used until 1877, when they purchased their present church, selling their old one. The Q-erman M, JE. Church was constituted in 1856, with thirty-two members. They met in the Grace M. E. church, where they held divine services about six months, when they purchased a church of the Baptists, which they now occupy. They have now about forty members. The Catholic Church has at present a very large membership. In 1851 the Rev. Gifford, the priest at Springfield, came to Jacksonville and finding four or five families professing that faith, held divine service, and appointed George Eberhard, Edward Keyes, and Henry McDonnell as collectors to raise funds and assist in the establishment of a church here. The meetings for services were held in a private house at first, but soon the increase of the congregation demanded more room and the old court house was occupied. Murray McConnell donated the society a lot near the railroad depot, on which a house of worship was erected. This, how- ever, became too small, and during the war the present fine structure was commenced. It was completed about 1866, and including the school and convent property is worth about $65,000. The church was dedicated by Archbishop Purcell, of Cincinnati, Ohio. The parsonage, now used for the school, was built about two years after the completion of the church. The school is under the control of the Sisters of the Order of St. Dominic and is supported by the congregation. It is conducted ten months in the year. The Soule Congregation is small at present and does not sup- port a regular ministry. Among its constituent members were E. B. Hitt, S. S. Spurgeon, Silas Veitch, Mrs. Becraft, James Cravan, and D. C. McCoy. The congregation has a very neat house of worship on East College Street which cost about $5,000. The Church of Christ was organized in January, 1832, with seven- teen members, prominent among whom were Josephus Hewett, John T. Jones, Jacob Cassell, and Peter Hedenberg. Of these Mr. Hewett became the first preacher. In October, Fred. B. Stone was instrumental in effecting a union of this and a similar organization which had been organ- ized some time previously. In 1835, Elder Gates, of Louisville, became pastor. The next 3 r ear their first house of worship was erected, and from this date until 1850 some of the prominent ministers were D. P. Hender- son, John T. Jones, Jerry Lancaster, Bryson Pyatt, and Elder Trimble. In 1850, a larger house of worship was erected on North Main Street. The first pastor here was Elder A. J. Kane, now at Springfield. His suc- cessors were Elder Jonathan Atkinson, W. S. Russell, John Underwood, Dr. Cox, and Enos Campbell. The Congregation began to hold meetings in its present church, on East State Street, under Elder Campbell, who remained until 1873, when he was succeeded by the present pastor, Rev. J. W. Allen. The membership is now four hundred and fifty, and the Sunday School two hundred and fifty. The Christian Church was organized in the old court house in 1866, by twelve persons adhering to that denomination. Prominent among HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. them were Workman Curley, L. B. Ross, Charles E. Russell, and Hiram Smalley, and their families. Rev. J. E. Wright was the pastor, and con- tinued to serve them until 1869, or 1870. They occupied the court house until the completion of their present house of worship, on South Main Street, in 1868. The pastors succeeding Rev. Wright were Revs. J. J. Summerbell, C. W. Garrutte and P. W. Sinks. They are without a pastor at present. They have now a membership of near seventy. The Centenary Methodist Church is now the oldest congregation in the county. It was organized in 1822, by a few persons who held their meetings for worship in the large log cabin of "Father" Jourdan. It stood just back of the old Berean College building, and was erected here before Morgan County was created. Its members were scattered about over the country, many of them coming several miles to attend divine service. When the city was platted, in 1825, they were holding meetings in this cabin, and continued to occupy it until the completion of the log school house in which Judge Thomas taught the first school in Jacksonville. They worshiped in this log structure when not occupied by other denominations, until about 1830, when they erected a brick church, which stood on East Mor- gan Street, near East Street. This was the first brick church in the county. They worshiped in this building until 1838, or 1839, when they sold it to be used as a chair factory, and erected a more commodious church on the south side of East State Street, where the marble front now stands. This church was dedicated by Peter Akers, D.D., who preached the dedication sermon from the words, " This is the house of God, this is the gate of heaven." This house they occupied until the centennial year of Methodism in America, 1866, when they dedicated their present house of worship, at a cost of $35,000. The congregation, small at first, grew in numbers during all these years, and it was known as the Methodist Church of Jacksonville. When the Grace Church was organized, being on the West side of the city, it was called the West Charge, and the church of which we are writing was called the East Charge. By this name it was known until the erec- tion of the present church, when it was, in commemoration of the year of its erection, called the " Centenary Methodist Church." The first regular minister here was the Rev. Mr. Starr. Among his successors have been Revs. J. S. Barger, John T. Mitchell, Wm. M. Grubbs, Thomas Chandler, Chauncy Hobart, Wm. J. Rutledge, James Corrington, and others. The present pastor is Rev. English. This church is now one of the largest and most influential in the county. Trinity Episcopal Church. The parish of Trinity Church, Jackson- ville, was organized on the llth of August, 1832. It was the first parish belonging to the Protestant Episcopal Church that was organized in Illinois. In June, 1833, by invitation of the Wardens and Vestry, the Rev. John Bachelder, of Providence, R. I., accepted the rectorship of the parish. The church edifice stands upon a beautiful lot of ground donated for the purpose by Dennis Rockwell, Esq., lately deceased. The corner-stone was laid June 9, 1834, by Rt. Rev. Benjamin Bosworth Smith, Bishop of Kentucky, and now Presiding Bishop of the House of Bishops. The rectorship of Rev. J. Bachelder terminated June 4, 1838, from which time until August 16, 1840, there was no regular minister. 374 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. From that time the following have been the rectors of the church : Rev. William Grant Heyer, Rev. Edward J. Daiken, Rev. John Stamer, Rev. John T. Worthington, Rev. T. N. Morrison, D.D., Rev. I. L. To \vnsend, Rev. Joseph Cross, D.D., and the Rev. John D. Easter, D.D., the present rector of the church. In 1867, the church edifice was remodeled and greatly improved, at a cost of some $16,000, by the addi- tion of a recess chancel at the south end, and an addition of thirty feet, with tower and spire, to the north end, stained glass windows, and height- ening of the roof and ceiling. In 1875, the church premises were sur- rounded by a neat and substantial iron fence, and in 1876, the inside of the church was improved, and an elegant organ, of twenty-six stops, was placed in it. The church has about two hundred members, and is n a prosperous condition. The Congregational Church was organized December 15, 1833, in the M. E church on East Morgan street, that society having kindly offered the use of their house of worship for that purpose. The names of those who composed the church at its organization were Timothy Chamberlain, Abraham Clark, Melisent Clark, Elihu Wolcott, Jeremiah Graves, Mary Ann Graves, Benjamin Allyn, Cynthia M. Allen, Edwin A. Mears, Sarah Mears, Maro M. L. Reed, Elizabeth L. Reed, Daniel Mann, Benjamin B. Chamberlain, Asa Talcott, Maria Talcott, Salem Town, Joseph Town, Eliza Town, Jesse R Clark, Ralph Perry, Robert B. Lord. James K. Morse, Edward Schofield, George B. Hitch- cock, Elizabeth Scott, Mary Chamberlain, Abigail Chenery, Eliza Hart, Lucy Town, Frances J. Wolcott, Abigail Graves, and on December 18, 1833, George T. Purkitt and Calvin S. Beach. The first meetings of this society were held in the house of Elihu Wolcott, which stood on the block at the southwest corner of the public square where the Athenaeum now stands : afterward in a log building on West State street, where Ayres block now stands. The society at this time was building a large frame church (on the east side of the square, where the stores of W. B. Johnson & Son and James T. King now stand), which was dedicated in September, 1835, and was considered the best edi- fice in the town, at that time. The Church was abundantly blessed from its organization, and members were added on every Communion Sabbath, which occurred monthly, for several years; and more than twenty young men of its number were licensed to preach. The building was sold in 1858 to aidin the erection of the present edifice, and was known long after as " Union Hall," and was burnt in December, 1876. The building now occupied by this Church is situated on West College avenue, and was dedicated in December, 1859. This Church was the third Congregational Church organized in the State, the other two being organized the same year in Adams County, and were at that time the only Congregational Churches within five hundred miles. These were the pioneer enterprises of Congregationalism in the Northwest. The pastors have been William Carter, Truman M. Post, D.D., Edwin Johnson, Charles H. Marshal, James Roberts, D.D., William H. Savage, and Eli Cor win, D.D., the present pastor. The Grace M. E. Church, first called M. E. Church of West Jack- sonville, was organized in the Fall of 1850, with five classes ; James L. Crane was appointed first preacher. Rev. W. D. R. Trotter was the first HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 375 presiding-elder, Joseph Capps and William Thomas, stewards. First rented the old frame church built by the Presbyterians, on the northwest corner of Church and West State streets, building afterward owned by Universalist Society. Central Presbyterian church now stands upon the spot. Removed to the southwest corner of same streets when the Brick church was completed, which cost $6,000. While undergoing repairs, six years ago, a strong gale of wind blew down the west gable and dam- aged the building so much that it was taken to the ground and an entire new edifice was erected, at a cost of about $17,000. The new church, is built in form of a cross, and is finely frescoed and is provided with handsome stained glass windows. Present membership 320. GRACE M. E. CHURCH. The Brooklin M. E. Church was organized in the Fall of 1867, with about seventy members. First held preaching in a private house, after- ward in the school-house, until the brick building now occupied by them was completed, in 1868. First preacher, Rev. John M. Lane, followed by S. R. Harshman, Harden Wallace, George Barret, W. W. Roberts, J. M. Sinnock, and W. H. H. Moore. Present membership 120. THE CITY SCHOOLS. " There, in his quiet mansion, skilled to rule, The village master taught his little school. ***** I knew him well, and every truant knew : ***** Yet he was kind ; or, if severe in aught, The love he bore to learning was in fault. The village all declared how much he knew, 'Twas certain that he could write, and cipher toe." Goldsmith. The present system of public schools in the city, has been in opera- tion eleven years. During this period they have advanced to the front rank, and are among the best in the State. In another portion of the history of Jacksonville, will be found a letter from Judge William Thomas, in which he gives his experience as a teacher, during the Win- ter of 1826 and '27. He states that at that time there was an unfinished log house, situated in the south part of town, which had been built for 376 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. school purposes, and which in the month of November was completed. Here, on the first Monday in December, the Judge, then a young lawyer, opened his school. He most fitly describes this school, in the letter referred to. With the exception of a short term taught by a young man named Carson, in the court house, Judge Thomas' school was the first taught in the town of Jacksonville. The young man Carson, opened a subscription school in the old court house, in the Summer of 1826. Not being adapted to his profession, his efforts were unsuccessful, and after about two weeks' trial he dismissed the school. The old log school house in which the young lawyer taught his school, was used for school and church purposes several years. The Methodists and Presbyterians alternately held services therein, and undoubtedly ministers of other denominations proclaimed the gospel within its walls. When Dr. J. M. Sturtevant came to Jacksonville, in 1829, he preached his first sermon in the growing village, in the old log school house. This primitive educational structure occupied a lot of ground on the south side of East College Avenue, nearly opposite the old third ward school house. The doctor very accurately describes the old log church and school house, in a sermon preached in later years, and which is quoted elsewhere in these pages. When Illinois was admitted into the Union, in 1818, a large provision for the education of its youth was made by Congress, in providing that the ^proceeds received from the sale of ever} r sixteenth section of land should ! be set aside as a permanent school fund. /In 182^, Governor Duncan 1 drew up a bill for the establishment and maintenance of common schools throughout the State. This bill was adopted by the General Assembly and became a law that year. It was, however, in advance of its time, and though containing most excellent provisions, was by subsequent legislation repealed. No further attempt to the establishment of a permanent common school system was made by the General Assembly until about 1839, when Judge Wm. Thomas framed a bill which is the foundation of the present school system in this State. This bill, which became a law at that session of the legislature, has received various amendments, but to it the citizens of Illinois owe an unbounded debt of - gratitude./ On January 22, 1829, the General Assembly passed an act providing for a Commissioner in each county to sell each sixteenth section therein, that fund for common school purposes might be established. In accordance with the provisions of this act, Judge Thomas was appointed Commissioner for Morgan County. This duty the Judge faithfully discharged. About 1833 or '34, a public meeting of the citizens of Jack- sonville was held to take action in regard to the establishment of a school in their midst. This being prior to the act of 1839, and no provision being made for township organization, it was decided to support the school by private subscription. This method of support was used for some time. Several schools existed in the city at different times, among which was one taught by a Mr. Robertson, of Kentucky, and another by Mr. Devore. None of the schools of this time were under any organized system, and any one could teach a school who could gather together the necessary pupils and find a room in which to instruct them. It was not not until i860 that the first public school house was built and a school opened therein, under the district organization. This was 378 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. what has always been known as the " West District School/' The build- ing was used at first as a school house, the upper story being used by the Masonic fraternity as a lodge room. When the growth of the district demanded more school room, the Masons withdrew from the room occupied j by them, and it was used for school purposes. A few years after the erection of this building, the east district, or that part of the town lying east of the public square, built two school houses, in which school was at once opened. Under the formation of these two districts the schools of Jacksonville were maintained until the adoption of the city charter in 1867. When the buildings already men- tioned became too small for the school population of the growing town, rooms were rented in various parts of the town, so that all who desired the benefit of a free school could be accommodated. Private schools were also opened at different times, and were generally well patronized. The Illinois College, the Jacksonville Female Academy and Methodist Female College, the Young Ladies' Athenseum, the Berean College, the Parochial School of the Catholic Church, all furnished excellent means for the education of the young, and all were well patronized. By 1867, the growth of the town had reached such proportions that a better form of government, and a better system of schools, became necessary. Under the city charter, granted that year, the present system of graded schools was adopted. The city was divided into four wards, and a school located in each. Mr. Israel Wilkinson was appointed super- intendent, which office he held until 1869, when he was succeeded by Mr J. M. Alcott, who held the office one year. He was followed by Mr. D. H. Harris, the present superintendent. Each ward maintains a sepa- rate district school, the grades in all being the same. The Washington High School is situated in the Fourth ward. Its course of instruction is thorough and complete, and fits the pupil for the actual duties of life. Mr. Harris, in his report for the year 1877, gives an interesting resume of the schools for the past ten years, which we here append : " Jacksonville has long been known as an educational center of great reputation, whose influence is felt far and wide. The early estab- lishment of the public schools is due to the earnest efforts of two of our citizens the late Gov. Duncan and Judge Win. Thomas. The latter survives to witness the success of the cause which he so ably advocated. " The honor of first popularizing the public schools in Jacksonville belongs to the well-known educator, Hon. Newton Bateman, who, for several years, was principal of the West Jacksonville school. " Judge E. P. Kirby, of our city, immediately succeeded as principal of the same school, which he conducted three years with eminent success ; following him Michael Sanderson, Esq., nobly sustained the well-deserved reputation of the school for three years, when, in his valuable life-work, he fell at his psst. " Before the schools of Jacksonville were organized into a system under the present city charter, there were several independent schools, sustained in part by the general school fund of the State. A male teacher was employed as principal and superintendent of each of these distinct schools. The course of study in each of these schools therefore comprised not only the common branches, but also Latin, Greek, Natural Sciences, Higher English, and Mathematics. The new school charter, in 380 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 1867, at once introduced a new regime which centralized the general supervision in one superintendent, and abolished the extravagant idea of sustaining four high schools of small classes by organizing one central high school for the accommodation of the entire city, which was found to be a great improvement in a pecuniary and educational point of view. The suc- cess of this system has led to a more economical expenditure by the gradual introduction of female principals into the ward schools. The new organ- ization also led to a more careful and thorough classification of pupils, a more uniform course of study, resulting in a more efficient preparation of the pupils in the advanced studies." The condition of the schools shows a steady progress and increasing efficiency of the public schools as an educational force in the community. ILLINOIS COLLEGE. From the December, 1877, Number of Illinois Schoolmaster. By Professor Rufus C. Crampton. Illinois College is, in many respects, singularly fortunate in its loca- tion. Jacksonville is a beautiful, half rural city, of twelve thousand people. Beyond any other city of equal size it is adorned by fine church edifices, and by large public and educational buildings. In 1829, before any college had been established in the State, Illinois College was founded here. It became the nucleus around which clustered the Jacksonville Female Academy, Illinois Conference Female College, and later, the v Young Ladies' Athenaeum and Illinois Conservatory of Music. The trustees of the college have also under their control Whipple Academy and Jacksonville Business College. At an early day, such character was given to the place that it was selected as the home of the great charitable and educational institutions of the State, for the insane, for the deaf and dumb, and for the blind. In the midst of these schools of literature, science, art, and commerce, Illinois College is surrounded by most favorable social influences. The college campus is a beautiful inclosure, of about twelve acres, on College Hill, at the west end of the city. It is elevated ninety feet above the general level of the highly cultivated farms of rolling prairie around it, and is unsurpassed for healthfulness. The college buildings are shown, some of them poorly, in the accom- panying cut. They are in good repair, well warmed and ventilated, and and well adapted for the uses for which they were built. The original building, erected partly in 1829 and partly in 1830, is now occupied by the halls and libraries of the two literary societies, the Sigma Pi and the Phi Alpha, by the college library, the cabinet of natural history, and the Greek recitation room. College Hall, built in 1856, contains the chapel, six recitation and lecture rooms, and the apparatus room. The dormitory building, completed in 1874, contains twenty-eight suites of rooms, with excellent accommodations for fifty-six students. The rooms are heated by steam and lighted by gas. Each study-room is fur- nished with a large study table, and each bedroom with a woven wire mattress bed. The janitor's cottage and the club house are the only other buildings on the campus. JACKSONVILLE. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 381 The building erected for Whipple Academy, now occupied by the Business College, is three-fourths of a mile from the college, and near the business center of the city. The philosophical and chemical apparatus is extensive, and adequate to full courses of experimental lectures. The college library contains eight thousand volumes, and the society library about three thousand more. A reading room, free to all, is maintained by the members of the Sigma Pi Society. A very creditable beginning has been made in the cabinet of mineralogy and* natural history. These are the externals of Illinois College. They present a goodly appearance, but it is hoped that soon other buildings will adorn the campus, and additional appliances serve the uses of scientific education. The first board of trustees was elected December 5, 1829, at a meet- ing held in the first college building, then nearly finished. This meeting represented two separate efforts in the cause of the higher education. One of these efforts originated in the Christian zeal and public spirit of a few individuals residing in Illinois, prominent among whom were Rev. John M. Ellis, Rev. Thomas Lippincott, Col. Thomas Mather, William Collins, Hon. Samuel D. Lockwood, John P. Wilkinson, and William C. Posey. Of these the three last named were elected trustees. The remaining seven of the original trustees represented an association of theological students in Yale College, who had resolved to make some one of the Northwestern States their future home and the field of their evan- gelical labors. Becoming acquainted with the plans of Mr. Ellis and his friends, they agreed to unite with them in founding Illinois College at Jacksonville, and to furnish, through their eastern friends, $10,000 in aid of the project. Their names were Theron Baldwin, Julian M. Sturtevant, Mason Grosvenor, John F. Brooks, Elisha Jenney, William Kirby, and Asa Turner. Application for a charter was made to the legislature in the Winter of 1880-31, but a charter was refused, on account of prejudices then existing against institutions with educational, charitable, or religious aims. Four years later the application was renewed, and at this time the friends of Illinois College were joined by those who had just founded Shurtleff College, at Alton, and McKendree College, at Lebanon. Like charters were granted to all at the same time. The names of John G. Bergen, John Tilson, and Gibeon Blackburn were added to the trustees of Illinois College* It is natural that the character of an institution of learning should be determined by the spirit and aims of its founders. These were men of the purest piety and patriotism. They were trained under the social and educational influences of New England. They regarded learning as an handmaid of religion, and the Christian religion as the most efficient promoter of learning. They intended that Illinois College should do for Illinois what the colleges of New England have done, are doing, and are destined to do for her. But neither had they, nor have their successors, ever had any thought of making the college an instrument of denomina- tional propagandism. Those who co-operated in founding Illinois College, and in sustaining it during the early years of its history, attained greater usefulness than commonly falls to the lot of man. They were among the foremost of those L 382 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. strong men who gave such character to the then rising State. Theron Baldwin, D.D., was the first principal of Monticello Female Seminary, and was largely instrumental in founding it. He was afterward, for many years, secretary of the Society for the Promotion of Collegiate Education at the West. Rev. Mason Grosvenor, after a long life of varied useful- ness, now gives a portion of his time to the college of which, in his youth, he was almost the originator, as Professor of Moral Philosophy. Edward Beecher, D.D., was the first president. Appointed in 1832, he resigned in 1844. His ability and his history are well known to the American public. J. M. Sturtevant, D.D., LL.D., was the first instructor in Illinois College, and has spent his entire life in its service. He is well known throughout the country as a man of the purest life, of vigorous and inde- pendent thought, and of eminent ability. To his unwearied efforts and self-sacrificing devotion the college owes very much of what it is and of what it may become in the future. He was appointed president in 1844. Having resigned that office in June, 1876, he still renders most valuable service as instructor in studies of the senior class. Early associated with him in the work of instruction was Samuel Adams, A.M, M.D., a man of great learning and worth, long ably filling the chair of Chemistry and Physics ; Truman M. Post, D.D, now pastor of the First Congregational Church of St. Louis, and J. B. Turner, now so well known as a leading agriculturist and reformer. These men, both trustees and faculty, were wise master-builders. They and their associates laid well the foundations of the present and future greatness of the State. To them is largely due the pre-eminence which Illinois has long enjoyed among her sister States of the Northwest. And no small part of their work was done through Illinois College. Her students and graduates, in all parts of Illinois, and in many instances in neighboring States, have been leaders in thought and action, both in church and civil state. Hon. Richard Yates, the first graduate, as a most patriotic and efficient governor during the war, won laurels for himself and great honor to our Commonwealth. Richard Yates was born January 18, 1818, on the banks of the Ohio River, at Warsaw, Gallatin County, Kentucky. In 1831, his father removed to Illinois, and, after stopping at Springfield, settled at Island Grove, Sangamon County. After attending school awhile, Richard joined the family here. Subsequently, he entered Illinois College, at Jacksonville, where, in 1835, he graduated with first honors. He chose for his profession the law, and began at once its study with General John J. Hardin as instructor. Gifted with a fluent and ready oratory, he soon entered the arena of political life, and being an ardent admirer of Henry Clay, he joined the political party of his leader. In 1840, he engaged with great ardor in the "hard-cider campaign," for General Harrison. Two years after, he was elected to the legislature from this county, then a Democratic stronghold. He served four years here, and in 1850 was elected, after an exciting contest with Major Thomas L. Harris, to Con- gress. At the expiration of his term, he was re-elected, and coming into the political field the third time, was defeated by a small majority, owing to his decided stand against the repeal of the Missouri Compromise act, and his strong anti-slavery views, which, in a speech of great power and brilliant oratory, he advanced, and which gained for him a national repu- 384 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. taticm. Six years afterward, he was elected to the chair of State, and dur- ing the most critical period of the nation's history, held that important place. Here his true patriotism shone with a brilliancy and strength of will, and saved the State in the threatened crisis. He, like Governor Morton, of Indiana, earned the title of the " War Governor." The fate of the nation was involved in the destiny of the State. Governor Yates was equal to all emergencies ; and when a Democratic House attempted to thwart his purposes, and place the State where many of its members wanted it, he promptly squelched that body by his famous act of proro- gation. His loyalty was as undoubted as true, and through all the long and bitter contest he was a close and intimate friend of President Lin- coln, and one of his most earnest supporters. What Illinois did in that great conflict, can be partially learned by the reader in the history of the State, elsewhere in this volume, though volumes could be written on this subject, and yet not exhaust it. Morgan County's record is shown in the names of her volunteers, also printed in these pages. Governor Yates' public career briefly resumed, shows : " Six years in the Legislature of Illinois, four years in the Congress of the United States, four years governor of Illinois, and six years senator of the United States ; twenty years in political public life, with few men his superior, in any field of duty." He died in St. Louis, on November 28, 1873, at the age of fifty-five years. He had been viewing the Cairo and Ful- ton Railroad, as one of its commissioners, having been appointed to that important position by the government. He had been to Little Rock, Arkansas, and was on his way home, when, becoming too weak to travel, he stopped to rest in St. Louis, where, in the midst of his many friends, he quietly passed away. His remains were brought home the next evening, and, after being viewed in the parlor of his own house by thousands, were carried to the grave, followed by an immense assembly. Newton Bateman, LL.D., for eight years Superintendent of Public Instruction, did more than any other man for our noble system of public schools, and is now the second of the graduates of Illinois College to become president of Knox College. But space will not permit even the mere mention of names to show how much the college has done to make Illinois what it is. The good work already accomplished would amply repay its friends for all their labors and self-sacrifice in its behalf. But the college has not yet completed its first half century. The best of our American colleges have not been the creation of a day. They have had their origin with the communities in which they were founded. They have often struggled for existence while material pros- perity was being developed around them, until accumulated wealth should flow into them. This college is no exception to the rule. With the struggles of the past we are now concerned no further than to know that they are safely passed, and that future prosperity seems well assured. Aside from grounds, buildings, and other appliances, the invested endow- ment fund is about $110,000, with from $10,000 to $15,000 available in the future. The present faculty consists of ten earnest, faithful men, each of marked ability and experience in his department, fully alive to the increas- ing demands of the times upon those who would be found worthy to represent the higher culture. HISTOJRY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 385 The standard of attainment for admission to the classical course is not so high as in Yale or Harvard, but it is the same as in the majority ofj Eastern colleges. The work of instruction is done entirely by professors, and throughout the whole course the students come into close daily contact with teachers of experience and of enthusiasm, who take a friendly personal interest in their pupils. Habits of good order and industry pre- vail, and cases of serious discipline are extremely rare. The faculty regard it of prime importance to maintain a high standard of scholarship. The student is required to pass through examinations, for the most part written, on all the studies required for graduation. The graduates of Illinois College, in respect to mental culture and intellectual ability, do not suffer in comparison with those of the older Eastern colleges. The present number of students is one hundred and thirty-seven. The Scientific Course. The true American college seeks to lead public sentiment in all matters pertaining to education. It would be very gratifying if all who desire to avail themselves of the advantages of the college could be induced to pursue, in full, the classical course. But in a country comparatively new, there are many young men who have not time and means for such an education. They want the best education they can get in three or four years. In none of our high schools or academics can they enjoy the benefits of a faculty of experienced teachers, of apparatus, and other appliances that are found in the college. To meet the wants of these, our scientific course is a necessary and useful adapta- tion. For admission, the student is examined in the common-school studies, and in algebra to quadratics. The course embraces all the studies of the classical course, except Greek. It includes three years' instruction in Latin, and adds special studies in history, German, geology, meteorology, and the higher mathematics. Physics are taught by recita- tions and full courses of lectures. It is in contemplation soon to require for admission, physical geography, four books of geometry, and one year of Latin. Whipple Academy. Every Western college finds a preparatory department a necessity. In 1869, Dr. S. L. Whipple founded the academy, by a donation of $10,000. At present it is carried on in the College buildings, with a separate study hall, and with a principal whose whole time is devoted to its care. He is assisted in the work of instruc- tion by some of the College faculty, who hear recitations, each in his own department. The College Club, for the boarding of students who room in the dormitory, is an exceedingly well-managed and successful part of the college machinery. The dining-room is pleasant, the tables well fur- nished, and good board is had for $2 to $2.25 per week. The entire annual college expenses of a student who rooms in the dormitory, for board, tuition, room-rent, fuel, gas, and text-books, are less than $175. The faculty seek to pervade the entire institution with a strong moral and religious influence utterly free, however, from all sectarian bias. All students are required to attend morning prayers and the Sabbath afternoon lecture. This is conducted by Dr. Sturtevant, whose pungent and powerful discourses produce lasting impressions. A weekly prayer- meeting is maintained by the students. 386 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. The following is the present faculty of the college: Rufus C. Crampton, A.M., acting president, and Hitchcock professor of mathe- matics and astronomy ; Julian M. Sturtevant, D.D., LL.D., professor of mental science and science of government ; Mason Grosvenor, D.D., professor of moral philosophy and evidences of Christianity ; Hiram K. Jones, A.M., M.D., lecturer on anatomy and physiology ; Edward A. Tanner, professor of Latin language and literature ; - - Collins pro- fessor of the Greek language and literature ; Henry E. Storrs, A.M., PH.D., Hitchcock professor of natural sciences, and instructor in German ; George W. Bailey, A.M., instructor in Greek ; S. S. Hamill, A.M., pro- fessor of elocution, rhetoric, history, and English literature ; Alfred H. Sturtevant, A.M., principal of Whipple Academy, and instructor in mathematics ; Charles B. Reynolds, instructor in English studies and mathematics : Henry B. Chicken, instructor in business penmanship. The following table shows the number of graduates composing the alumni of the college : 1835 2 1844 6 1853 5 1862^10 1871 8 1836 4 184511 185412 1863 * 1872 7 1837 3 1846 3 1855 7 1864 7 1873 9 18389 1847-8 185614 18656 18746 1839 8 1848 7 185712 1866 7 1875 4 1840 9 1849 6 185814 1867 9 1876 9 1841 4 1850 2 185915 186811 1877 4 1842 7 1851 5 186012 1869 5 184310 1852 7 186116 1870 9 The entire number of graduates is three hundred and forty. Of this number forty-six are in their graves. Many of them became prominent in state and national affairs, and many are now holding eminent positions in life. JACKSONVILLE FEMALE ACADEMY. From the Catalogue of 1876. Jacksonville Female Academy grew out of the home missionary spiri^ which, some fifty years ago, began its beneficent enterprises in Illinoi 8 and other Western fields. Rev. John M. Ellis, the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Jacksonville, came to this State in the year 1828, and his mind was full of the idea of planting, not only churches, but institutions of learning. To him is due the inception of Illinois College and of Jacksonville Female Academy. During his pastorate here, of three or four years, his excellent wife opened, in their own house, a school for young ladies, which may be regarded as the germ of this insti- tution, the first organized one of the kind west of Ohio. From the first record, it appears that "a meeting of gentlemen favor- able to the establishment of a female seminary in the Town of Jackson- ville, was held at the house of Mr. J. P. Wilkinson, September 29, 1830. A committee, consisting of Hon. S. D. Lockwood, Rev. John M. Ellis, and Rev. J. M. Sturtevant, was appointed to report on the subject, which they did at an adjourned meeting held October 2, 1830, as follows : " WHEREAS, The vast importance and urgent necessity of extending * No graduates on account of the absence of students in the Union army. HISTORY OP MOEGAN COUNTY. 387 the blessings of education to all classes of American citizens are felt and acknowledged by all enlightened patriots and Christians ; and whereas, the power of female influence over the intellectual and moral character of the community must ever be too great for any or all other causes entirely to counteract, commencing, as it does, with the first dawn of infant intelligence, and forming, perhaps, the most important and certainly the most desirable part of that character, before any other causes can begin to act upon it, and accompanying it through all the subsequent stages of its development ; considering, too, that in the present important crisis of our beloved Republic, not one effort ought to be withheld which can tend to give permanency to its foundations, the intelligence and virtue to the people, therefore, " Resolved, That an academy ought to be immediately established in this State, to be devoted to female education ; and that Jacksonville, in Morgan County, is, in our opinion, a situation highly favorable for suc- cessful operation of such an institution." This was adopted, and a board of trustees immediately appointed, consisting of the following persons, viz. : Bezaleel Gillett, Dennis Rock- well, Ero Chandler, John P. Wilkinson, Julian M. Sturtevant, Joseph Duncan, John M. Ellis, Joseph M. Fairfield, Samuel D. Lockwood, David B. Ayers, Elihu Wolcott, James G. Edwards, Ignatius R. Simms. At the same time a lot of land in Jacksonville was donated by Dr. Ero Chandler, on which to locate the institution, and the gift was accepted. In due time a small brick edifice was erected, and the school formally opened in the year 1833. The academy was chartered by the legislature of Illinois during their session in the Winter of 1835. The following are the names of the principals of the institution : Miss Sarah Crocker, 1833 to 1835 ; Miss Emily Price, 1835 to 1837 ; John Adams, LL.D., 1837 to 1843 ; Rev. W. H. Williams, A.M., 1843 to 1848 ; Miss Lucretia Kimball, 1848 to 1850 ; Miss Elizabeth Mead, 1850 to 1851 ; Rev. Chas. G. Selleck, A.M., 1851 to 1857 ; Mrs. Phebe Thompson, 1857 to 1858; Newton Bateman and Miss H. P. Murdock, 1858 to 1859; Benj. F. Mitchell, A.M., 1859 to 1865 ; Gilbert Thayer, A.M., 1865 to 1874 ; E. F. Bullard, A.M., 1874 to From 1833 to 1844 no classes were formally graduated, though many young ladies passed through full courses of study. Classes have been regularly graduated from 1845 to the present time. During the past year the names of the graduates, so far as they could be obtained, have been collected from the record, and are now for the first time published in the annual catalogue. At the close of the last school year, the following card was issued and sent to the alumnae, to which a large number have made a generous and hearty response : " To the Cf-raduates of Jacksonville Female Academy : At the close of the last academic year there was formed an Alumnse Association of Jack- sonville Female Academy. In view of perfecting the organization you are requested to send to the secretary, Miss Ellis, any information you may possess respecting the name, residence, marriage, or death of your own class-mates, or of other graduates of whom you may have any knowl- 388 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. edge. You can become a member of the association by sending your name to the secretary and the payment of one dollar. " Your influence is also solicited in behalf of the present and future interests of the academy. This is now the oldest institution in Illinois for the education of young ladies, and it is the purpose of its managers to make it the best. All the arrangements for supervision and instruction are now thorough and complete, and unsurpassed by any school in the West. The teachers are all distinguished by a long and successful JACKSONVILLE FEMALE ACADEMY. experience and an enthusiastic devotion to the work of instruction. It is believed that this time-honored institution is now entering upon a term of greater usefulness and prosperity than it has ever known before. " Will you now actively identify yourself with its friends, and do what you can to aid the institution that has conferred its highest honors upon you ? Will you heartily commend it to parents who have daughters to educate ? By so doing you will do a large service to the old academy and to the cause of Christian culture." This circular was signed by " Miss SUE F. ELLIS, and MRS. KATE MURDOCK SMITH, Secretary. President of Alumna Association." The alumni and friends of the institution are requested to furnish any information that will aid in perfecting the list of graduates, or that may add to the general interest of the Associate Alumni. The whole history of the institution has been quiet and unobtrusive, marked by steady growth, advancing reputation, and healthful prosperity. Multitudes have enjoyed its advantages, and its beneficent fruits are widely scattered. It is now under the management of skillful and HISTORY OF MOKGAN COUNTY. 389 experienced teachers, whose lives are devoted to educational work, and it never gave better promise of usefulness than at present. It makes no display to deceive, no large promises it can not fulfill. Its whole policy is open and honest, its whole workings quiet and earnest, and its high aim to confer all the benefits of a thorough course of study, to educate to a true womanhood, and to adorn with all the graces of a refined and Christian culture. The following table exhibits the number of graduates sent from this institution since 1845: 1845 2 185220 1859 5 1866 8 187319 1H46 4 185312 1860 3 186712 187420 184712 1854 6 1861 6 1868 9 1875 3 1S48 4 185512 1862 4 1869 9 1876 8 1849 7 1856 :', 186313 187013 1S50 10 1857 4 1864 4 1871 9 185112 1858 5 1865 3 187226 For the year 1877 there are eleven prospective graduates. The whole number of graduates according to this table is two hundred and eighty -seven. Board of Instruction. E. F. Bullard, A.M., principal, mental, moral, and political sciences; Miss Mary A. V. S. Sprague, preceptress, Latin, French, rhetoric, and English literature ; Miss Lizzie J. Lindsley, mathe- matics and natural science ; Miss Sophia E. Dwight, preparatory and primary ; Prof. H. Bretherick, Miss Linda R. Mathews, * depart- ment of music ; Mrs. M. J. Stearns, painting and drawing ; Miss Lizzie J. Lindsley, penmanship ; Miss Sophia E. Dwight, German. ILLINOIS FEMALE COLLEGE. In 1846, the Illinois Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church appointed a committee, whose duty it was to superintend the establish- ment of a female college. This committee consisted of the following named gentlemen : Rev. Peter Cartwright, Rev. Peter Akers, Rev. W. D. R. Trotter, Matthew Stacy, Esq., Nicholas Milburn, Sr., Judge Wm. Brown, and Hon. Wm. Thomas. They met on the 10th day of October, 1846, and selected as a location a piece of ground on the south side of East State Street, in Jacksonville. The work of securing the necessary funds by donation and subscription had progressed so successfully that, in the Fall of the following year, the contracts for erecting the college building were let. About the* same time the school was opened in the basement of the Methodist Church, with N. S. Bastion, M.D., as principal. He filled the position until August, 1848. The building was completed in 1850 ; it was built of stone and brick, substantial and commodious one hundred feet in length, fifty feet in width, and four stories in height. To this was added, in 1855, a wing of similar proportions. In 1862, this wing was destroyed by fire, but was rebuilt the following year. In Februan-, 1870, the main building was destroyed by fire ; but it has been replaced by a building of superior architectural preten- * Another teacher to be engaged. 390 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. sions. On the resignation of Dr. Bastion in 1848, Rev. J. F. Jaques was appointed principal, which position he held with marked suc- cess until June, 1855. From this date till 1858, the position was rilled suc- cessively by Rev. Reuben Andrus, D.D., and Rev. H. S. McCoy. In 1858, Rev. Charles Adams, D.D., was elected principal, and continued in that capacity until his resignation in 1868, when Rev. Wm. H. DeMotte, LL.D., was appointed to the vacancy. Prof. DeMotte continued in office until July 1875, when he resigned to accept the position of Superintend- ent of the Wisconsin Deaf and Dumb Institution, which position he now occupies. Rev. W. F. Short, Presiding Elder of the Jacksonville District of the Illinois Conference, for a number of years, was appointed to the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Rev. DeMotte, and still fills the office. There has been graduated from the college about three hundred and twenty young ladies. The school is in a very prosperous condition, and is a credit to its founders, some of whom are still living, and may well feel proud of this noble institution of learning. The course of study is as extensive and thorough as that usually pursued in first-class schools for young women, embracing all the branches of a solid and ornamental education. It is so arranged that the student will have three studies each term, which, with her other college and society duties, is as much literary work as should be attempted. This arrangement will give every one sufficient time to devote to some of the ornamental branches, as instru- mental and vocal music, drawing, painting, wax work, or other branches of art. Every young lady should give attention to this part of polite education, both for the pleasure and profit of herself and her friends. In order to meet the demands in the department of music, a corpora- tion has been formed, under the statute relating thereto, under the name of The Illinois Academy of Music and Art. A course of musical study has been arranged similar to that of like institutions. The rooms devoted to this department (fifteen in number), are of good size and convenient location, under the same roof with the literary department ; and the pianos and organs are sufficient in number and quality to meet the demands of a large class. Musical recitals are frequently given in the chapel of the college, in the presence of the teachers, students, and friends of the college. Diplomas are given to those who complete the prescribed course. It may truthfully be said of the art of design, as of music, that it has passed into the useful. The increasing demand for skill and excellence in the use of the pencil and the brush, renders provision for the broadest and most thorough instruction not only a matter of expediency, but of necessity. Free-hand drawing, object lessons, studies from casts, models, and nature have taken the place of the old superficial system of copying from flats ; and the object aimed at is not picture making, but the devel- opment of artistic talent, the cultivation of taste, and the creation of an independence of ability and skill, which will be of permanent advantage to the pupil after she has left the studio and the care of teacher. Lectures and conversations are conducted by competent persons upon such practical subjects as health, including the influence of diet, and habits of life in promoting and preserving it ; the importance of food and dress in their relation to it ; and the care of the sick. Esthetics, the 392 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. cultivation of taste and skill in dress, the arrangement and keeping of rooms, etc. Etiquette the reasonable demands of society, and how to meet them properly. The number of competent ladies connected with the school, and the large college "family" afford ample means and opportunities for treating these subjects, both theoretically and practically ; all students will be admitted to the advantages of this department without extra charge. Sufficient time is given each day for physical exercise, and a class of light gymnastics is kept up. To meet the demand for competent and trained teachers, as also, the necessity of young ladies whose circumstances will not allow them to complete the collegiate or English course, a normal course has been arranged, which includes such branches as will prepare them for teaching in the public schools of the State. Multitudes of students, who received their education in this institution, rank among the best educators in the country. Provision has been made for lectures and attendance at teachers' institutes, for the benefit of those in this department. Students are required to attend service in one of the churches of the city every Sabbath, in company with the president or one of the teachers. They also attend a Bible class, conducted by the president or some one whom he may select, in which such a course of study is pursued as is calculated to qualify them for effective service in the Sabbath school work. Other religious meetings are held under the direction of the faculty. Two literary societies are in active operation. Their libraries contain several hundred volumes of choice books. The college library is free to all students. A reading room, well supplied with the best periodical literature, is maintained at a slight expense to the students. Provision will be made for students to attend such public lectures and concerts as may be deemed beneficial. The faculty of the college consists of the following persons: Rev. W. F. Short, A.M., president, professor of mental, moral and political sciences; Miss Mary S. Pegram. preceptress, teacher of mathematics and astronomy ; , teacher of higher English branches ; Miss Mary A. Macdonald, teacher of Latin and modern languages ; James B. Smith, pro- fessor of natural sciences ; Miss Lottie D. Short, teacher of preparatory department; Department of Music, A. E. Wimmerstedt, director, professor of instrumental and vocal music, and harmony and composition ; Mrs. Marion Phillips Wimmerstedt, teacher of instrumental and vocal music ; Mrs. Kate Murdock Smith, teacher of instrumental and vocal music ; Art, Mrs. Mary S. Vigus, teacher of painting and drawing ; matron, Miss Sarah B. Short. JACKSONVILLE BUSINESS COLLEGE AND ENGLISH TRAINING SCHOOL. To meet a want, long and widely felt in this region, the Jacksonville Business College was founded by Prof. R. C. Crampton, in May, 18(36. The college was located in Chambers' Block, north side of Public Square, and was there successfully conducted for several years, sending forth hundreds of young men well qualified to act their part among the busy throngs of men in all the regions of the great West. Many of the youths HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 393 who attended the college in the early years of its existence, are already numbered among the most successful business men of the State. From the very first, the patronage of the college has been steadily increasing, and its popularity among men of business, more and more decided. Since the college was founded, it has instructed nearly three thousand students, and by them is honorably represented in the various industrial and commercial pursuits, all over this broad land, from Mexico to Maine. The design of this college is to fit young men and women for the active duties of successful business life. The aim is not to send out mere book-keepers or clerks, but the course aims at symmetrical development, and is calculated to strengthen the mental power, and give a broad and substantial business training. In the Summer of 1869 the ownership of the Business College passed into the hands of the Trustees of Illinois College, and for several years it occupied part of Whipple's Academy building, a few blocks west of the Public Square. In 1?76 the number of students had become so great that enlarged facilities became an absolute necessity, since which the college has been conducted upon an enlarged plan, occupying the entire building, with its commodious halls, recitation rooms and office. Prof. G. W. Brown, who has been connected with the college for nearly twelve years, first as instructor, but of late years as managing principal, has recently purchased the institution, including its building and grounds. The rooms are to be enlarged and improved, new and valuable features will be added to the course of study, and every effort will be put forth to make this institution, in the strictest sense, a business college, which shall thoroughly train its students for the practical affairs of life. No business college in America has a better array of talent in its faculty of instructors and lecturers than this. The departments of the college are: 1, The English training school; 2, the theoretical business department; 3, the actual business department; 4, the special penman- ship department ; '5, the telegraphic department. Each department is in charge of a specially qualified teacher, by which arrangement the highest grade of instruction is insured in all parts of the course of study. The course is short, practical and reasonable. It is just what every man needs and will use, no matter what his calling or profession is to be. In the number, experience, and ability of its teachers, in the excel- lence of its course of study, in the healthfulness and beauty of its location, and in its moderate expenses, this college is equal to any in the land. The annual catalogue just issued, shows an enrollment of two hundred and fifty students for the year just closed. During the last four years the institution has graduated more than one hundred and fifty students, representing ten different States. The thirteenth year of the college began Sept. 2, 1878. An elegant catalogue giving full information will be mailed free on application. All persons wishing information, catalogues or circulars in regard to the college should address the principal, G. W. Browii. 394 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. THE YOUNG LADIES' ATHENAEUM. This institution for the education of young ladies was established in 1864 by Rev. W. D. Sanders, then a professor in the Illinois College. He is one of the most successful educators in the West, and has done an immense amount of work during his lifetime. Mr. Sanders is a native of Huron County, Ohio, a son of the cele- brated surgeon, Dr. M. C. Sanders, and graduated at the old Western Reserve College in 1845. The three years immediately following he spent in conducting the Richfield Academy in Summit County, Ohio, after which he entered the Western Reserve Theological Seminary, to fit himself for the ministry of the Presbyterian Church. During the period of his theological studies, the seminary passed through a severe financial crisis, and the trustees prevailed upon him to act as their agent in obtain- ing funds, which were absolutely necessary to save the institution. The wisdom of their choice was shown by the fact that he succeeded in raising $100,000, a sum far in excess of their most sanguine expectations. Completing his theological studies in 1851, he was then assigned to the charge of a congregation at Ravenna, Ohio, where he remained for three years, until called to the chair of Rhetoric, Elocution, and English Literature in Illinois College, at Jacksonville, where he remained until June, 1869. In 1864, Mr. Sanders founded the Young Ladies' Athenaeum. This institution, early in its career, banished sectarianism. By its organic act of incorporation, it was determined that of its twenty-one trustees, not more than three should ever be members of the same religious denom- ination. When it is considered that it began its career in a region containing many schools, and in immediate proximity to two old institu- tions (the Methodist College and the Female Academy), and in temporary rooms, with few external or material attractions, this unprecedented success can be accounted for only upon the theory of the great and recognized superiority of the Athenseum system over other methods. The following are among its chief peculiarities : 1. It prescribes no arbitrary and inflexible course of study. While it offers instruction in all the studies required in Yale or Harvard Colleges, it does not force the pupil to attempt the mastery of studies which she may have neither the talent, the time, nor the strength to master. Its higher English course embraces all studies of Yale or Harvard, except Latin or Greek. Its full classical course embraces all these, together with a good knowledge of Latin. But neither of these are required. It permits each pupil to take that special course, embracing many studies, or few, which is, all things considered, the best for her. 2. It classifies on a new system. It organizes no technical classes for recitation purposes. It puts together in each study those who are together, and who, in that study, can keep together. It thus puts each upon her own merits. The slow are not compelled to be superficial in order to go on with the quick, and the quick are not held back by the necessities of the slow. The time required to complete any course of study will thus depend entirely upon the pupil herself. The aim is an actual education, and not a sham ; an absolute mastery of each topic, and not a mere going over it in a given time. It prefers home life to boarding- 396 HISTORY OF MORGAX COTTXTY. school life. It locates its pupils from abroad in carefully selected families. Family influence is far more healthful to body and mind than any system which separates the pupil from contact with family and social life. The family is the nursery and sanctuary of all womanly excellence. 3. It is not sectarian. 'Its arrangements for instruction are unusual. Both in the number and qualifications of its teachers, it has few equals. THE ILLINOIS CONSERVATORY OF Music. This institution was founded by Mr. Sanders in 1872. It is well patronized at present and becoming extensively known. The influence of such an institution can hardly be estimated. Each year widens its sphere, and each graduating class is an index of its character. Jt is well known to those at all familiar with the subject, that the prominence of Italy, France, and Germany, in the "divine art," is largely due to the influence exerted by the great European conservatories. The imperial and royal conservatories of Paris, of Brussels, of Leipsic, of Naples and Milan, have been among the most potent of the influences which have inspired and sustained that love for the highest and best in musical art which has characterized these continental countries. Similar combinations of artists, for the same purpose, have recently been attempted in London and in Dublin, and with promising results. In our country, "the New England Conservatory" has been in operation some six years, and has been eminently successful. It is believed that Jacksonville is a peculiarly favorable point for an institution that shall do for Illinois and the Great West what this institution has attempted for New England. Instruction is given in classes of two, three, or four each. This is not done to the exclusion of private lessons to individual pupils ; but class instruction is a characteristic in all conservatories. By division of labor in the various departments of instruction, a conservatory secures to its pupils the highest order of skill in each department. It furnishes in each separate depart- ment of musical study the skill of an expert, of a teacher who has made some one instrument or some one department a special study. Thus (e.#.), in piano instruction, one professor may confine himself to technics or mechanism alone, and another may confine himself to style. Among the numerous teachers of a conservatory the pupil may thus find the excel- lence that he can not expect to find all combined in any one professor. The conservatory thus affords the very best instruction on piano, or organ, or violin, or guitar, or flute, or cornet, or any other musical instrument, and the very best instruction in singing in all its departments. Class lessons operate as a powerful stimulus to the interests and ambition of each pupil. Experience on this point is a demonstration. Pupils trained in classes acquire a confidence in playing before others, and a steadiness and reliableness not so easily acquired by the usual method. Each pupil's knowledge and taste are cultivated by the criticism made upon other members of the class. As each minute error in technics, or in phrasing, or in expression, is pointed out by the professor, the other members of the class are benefited almost as much by the errors as by the success of the player. A conservatory affords ample facilities for the study of harmony and composition. A mastery of grammar is not more indispensable to the accomplished orator than the mastery of harmony is to one who would M 398 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. excel in music ; it must underlie all sound musical culture. As a flourish- ing conservatory brings together a large number of musical students, it affords opportunities for valuable general exercises exercises in reading at sight, in analysis of pieces, in glee singing, and in oratorio practice. A crowning characteristic of the conservatory method is its extraordinary cheapness. It brings the very highest order of instruction within the reach of those to whom it would otherwise be wholly inaccessible. Instruction, which in the great cities costs four dollars to five dollars per lesson, will here be furnished at a merely nominal cost. While, therefore, a conservatory offers to the wealthy the best advantages money can procure, it also offers to those of limited means the same advantages at a rate which brings them within the reach of the humblest. A common adjunct of a conservatory is a department of languages. So large a portion of the best musical literature is written in the Italian, French, and German languages, that a knowledge of these languages is very desirable to the musical student. There is, therefore, a department of languages in which the best instruction is furnished at a moderate cost. The director of the conservatory received his musical education at the great Imperial Conservatory of Paris and in Vienna, and has himself had several years' experience in conservatory teaching. His first assistant is an artist who is a Fellow of the London Royal Society of Musicians, whose favorite instrument is the cornet, but whose specialty has for several years been singing. A third professor has been secured who has had nearly twenty years' experience in teaching, and has an established reputation as a skillful and thorough teacher. There are also several lady teachers of the highest standing as musical artists. The conservatory tolerates no second-rate teaching. As a result of these admirable arrangements the conservatory is now by far the largest musical school in the West, and claims unsurpassed facilities in ever}'- department. The average attendance now is about two hundred. THE ORPHAN'S HOME. About 1853 or '54 the Christian denomination began the erection of a building known as the Berean College. A charter was received dated Feb. 12, 1855, soon after which the building was completed, and the following year school was opened, with Dr. Jonathan Atkinson as president. The school was opened under very favorable auspices, and for several years was continued very successfully. The college received its name from " Berea," a place mentioned by the apostle Paul, in the seventeenth chapter of the book of Acts, where the following language is used : " And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto Berea : * * * * these were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so." The college continued until about 1858 or '59, when a division in the church occurred, and soon after the school was discontinued. A few years after, the property was sold to Mrs. Eliza Ayers for twelve thousand dollars. Its original cost was over thirty thousand dollars. Mrs. Ayers has since deeded the property to a board of trustees, to be used as an Orphan HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 399 Home and City Hospital. The frame building immediately in the rear of the college is occupied by the orphans, while the college itself is used as the hospital. The frame building was formerly the home of Col. John J. Hardin, so well known throughout this portion of the State, and who lost his life at the battle of Beuna Vista. The home is conducted on the " Muller plan," by Rev. Dr. Passavant, who has charge of eight similar institutions in different parts of the United States. The home and hospital are each well managed, and are institutions worthy the attention of the citizens of Jacksonville. THE PRESS. The office of the Journal has been twice visited with disastrous conflagrations, in which all the files and records of the paper previous to 1858, were destroyed, and it is therefore impossible to furnish any accurate statements concerning its early history. From fugitive papers preserved by old residents of the county, it appears that the Journal originated in the Illinois Patriot, which commenced publication about December 20, 1831, with James G. Edwards in the editorial chair. In 1837, after having undergone several minor changes, the name of the paper was changed to The Illinoisan, and Col. John J. Hardin and Mr. Buckner took editorial charge. Shortly afterward Josiah M. Lucas, now Consul to Burs- lem, Staffordshire, England, became editor and proprietor, and continued in such connection till about 1844, when the paper was changed to The Morgan Journal, with William H. Sigier and William C. Sweet as editors and proprietors. Subsequently the paper has been edited by Dr. E. R. Rowe, now United States Marshal of the Southern District of Illinois; PaulSelby, now editor of the Springfield Journal ; William H. Collins, of Quincy ; Hon. H. J. Atkins, \Vm. W. Jones, H. Barden, Ironmonger, and Mendenhall, Col. J. P. Smith, L. Beecher Glover, H. R. Hobart, and M. F. Simmons. April 14, 1866, Ironmonger & Co. purchased a steam press and commenced the publication of a daily, with G. P. Smith in the edito- rial chair, and Frank Mitchell as city editor ; C. M. Eames succeeding Mr. Mitchell. In August, 1867, L. B. Glover became city editor, and in April, 1869, Chapin & Glover purchased the paper and published it with Mr. Ensley Moore as city editor. Mr. Glover was the editor-in-chief until April, 1864, when he sold his interest in the paper to Horace R. Hobart, who assumed editorial charge, with Chapin & Hobart proprietors. Geo. N. Loomis was city editor during Mr. Glover and Mr. Hobart's connection with the Journal, and continued as such under the partnership of Chapin & Simmons. In April, 1875, Mr. Hobart sold to M. F. Simmons, who became editor-in-chief. In March, 1876, Mr. Chapin sold his interest to Mr. Charles M. Eames, who assumed charge of the city department, and the paper came under the proprietorship of Simmons & Eames, by whom it is still published. Both daily and weekly editions have increased in circulation and influence until no provincial paper excels the Journal. The weekly is a large forty-eight-column paper. The daily is twenty-eight columns, receives the latest telegraphic reports, and makes a specialty of local interests. The Journal has an extensive steam printing establishment in connection with it, and is in full tide of prosperity. 400 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Illinois Courier, now published tri-weekly aiid weekly, being a con- solidation of Illinois Sentinel and Jacksonville Enterprise, the two offices being purchased by T. D. Price & Co., who, besides uniting them, more than doubled the capacity of the establishment, by adding other power presses and other machinery, including a full supply of poster printing materials and a book-bindery, making it one of the most complete printing houses in the State. COURIER OFFICE. The Sentinel was established by J. R. Bailey, in January, 1855, by whom it was conducted as a weekly paper until January, 1872, when he sold to Fanning, Paradice & Co., who also bought the Jacksonville Independent, and added steam fixtures and a power press. The Independ- ent was established April 29, 1869, by Ironmonger & Fink, Henry B. Fink being editor. During its continuance under Mr. Fink, Ensley Moore was employed as assistant editor upon the Independent, and Moore introduced into Jacksonville journalism the system of collecting suburban news by special correspondences, a point of much value to the Independent and its successors. In 1873 the establishrnet was sold to Gersham Martin W. Y. Dowdall, of the Peoria Democrat, afterward purchasing an interest it was conducted by Martin & Co. until purchased by the present proprietors. In 1874, the Jacksonville Enterprise was established as a weekly paper by James S. Hambaugh, who, in 1875, started a daily paper. After the Sentinel and Enterprise offices were purchased by T. D. Price & Co., in May, 1876, the offices were united, as stated, under the name of Illinois Courier, the paper being published daily and weekly until January, 1877, when the daily was temporarily suspended. The firm of T. D. Price & Co., as publishers of the Courier, is composed of T. D. Price, M. N. Price, H. L. Clay, and G. E. Doying, all practical printers each giving personal attention to its business Mr. Clay as editor, Mr. Doying as manager. The office is in Ayers' Block, on West State Street, in the business center of the city. In all respects the office is fully equipped and equal to all demands upon it. HISTORY OF MOKGAN COUNTY. 401 The weekly Courier is a large four-page paper, and the tri-weekly a seven-column four-page paper. It is democratic in politics, but conser- vative in its views upon all subjects, having for its main purpose the advancement of all local interests. It is claimed by its friends to be the best representative of the literary institutions which cluster at Jackson- ville an acknowledged center of learning in the West. THE STATE INSTITUTIONS. Illinois Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. The earliest recorded mention of the deaf and dumb, is that of the Pentateuch " Thou shalt not curse the deaf." While the Mosaic law forbade unjust imposition and aspersion against this large and interesting class of unfortunates, the laws of the most refined nations of antiquity placed upon them the same disabilities as appertained to infants and idiots, and the usages of nations less enlightened, consigned them to death upon the discovery of their deficiency. The eminent Roman philosopher Lucretius, in the century immediately preceding the advent of Christ, says : To instruct the deaf no art could ever reach, No care improve them and no wisdom teach. In the latter part of the seventh century, John, Bishop of Hagulstad, taught a deaf mute to speak and repeat words and sentences. One other instance occurs in the fifteenth century, while two are mentioned as occurring in the sixteenth. Of the two attempts made in the sixteenth century, one was by Pedro de Ponce, a Benedictine monk, in the convent of Ona, in Spain, in the year 1550, he is claimed to have instructed four mutes with great success. He died in 1584. The first treatise on the education of mutes was written by John Paulo Bonet, in the early part of the seventeenth century v During the same century, Dr. John Wallis, in England, in a publication enunciated the principles afterward known as those of De 1'Epee. About the middle of the eighteenth century, Jacob Rodriguey Pereira, a Spanish Jew, attained such success in France as to receive the commendation of the Academy of Sciences, and to attract the attention of several crowned heads. Just at this time, unfor- tunately for Pereira's fame, love of money got the better of his humane promptings, and he died without making his processes clearly known. Simultaneously with Pereira, the Abbe De 1'Eppe, in France, and Samuel Heinecke, a soldier in Germany, were working in behalf of the deaf mute. De 1'Eppe attached chief importance to signs, as a basis of instruction. Heinecke regarded articulation as the only proper means. Pereira's method was to combine the two. The first deaf mute of whom record is made in this country, was the son of Francis Green, Esq., at that time residing in Boston. He was sent to the Braidwood School, near Edinburgh, Scotland. This place was Dumbiedikes, and was so called because the school for the dumb was located there. The place is immortalized by Sir Walter Scott, in his story " The Heart of Midlothian." Dr. Samuel Johnson, writing of this school, says : " There is one subject of philosophical curiosity to be found in Edinburgh, which no other city has to show, a college of deaf and dumb, the pupils can not only speak, write and understand what is written, but 402 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. it is an expression scarcely figurative to say they hear with the eye. * * It was pleasing to see one of the most desperate of human calamities of so much help. Whatever enlarges hope will exalt courage." The little daughter of Dr. Mason F. Coggswell, an eminent physician in Hartford, Conn., had the misfortune to suffer total loss of hearing as the result of a disease then known as spotted fever, but of late years greatly dreaded, under the name of cerebro - spinal meningitis. One day, Thomas M. Gallaudet, son of a neighbor and friend, a young clergyman, who had recently carried off the highest honors at the Andover Theological Seminary, as he had previously done at Yale College, chanced, in passing, to see little Alice Coggswell playing in the garden, and, attracted by her bright and winsome ways, endeavored to establish some communication with her. Before he had left the garden he had succeeded in teaching her the word hats From this, he proceeded in sub- sequent visits, to teach her to write the names of other objects and even little sentences. As hope animated the mind of the father, he began to make inquiries as to what had been done for. the deaf and dumb abroad, and as his information increased, he ascertained that there were a number of deaf mutes in the State of Connecticut, who, like his daughter, were entirely without education. Through his efforts, a few gentlemen assem- bled in Hartford and decided that it was expedient to send some one abroad to learn the process of instruction there employed, and undertake the education of the deaf and dumb in this country. Their choice natu- rally fell on Mr. Gallaudet, who, on the 25th of May, 1815, embarked for Europe and proceeded to London, where he made application for permission to attend the exercises of the school and make himself familiar with the processes employed. But Dr. Watson, the superintendent, informed him that the rules of the institution were such that it could not be permitted. He next went to Edinburgh, and sought from the Rev. Robert Kinniburgh, principal of the institution there, the privileges which he had been denied at London. Here he met with the same answer, Dr. Kinniburgh having, like Dr. Watson, received his license to teach only on condition that he should not impart a knowledge of the art to any one designing to estab- lish a separate institution. Returning to London, he had the good fortune to meet the Abbe Sicard, the successor of De 1'Epee, who had brought with him his two celebrated pupils Massieu and Clerc, for the purpose of demonstrating the value of his process. Becoming very much interested in the project of Mr. Gallaudet, he at once invited him to Paris, where he accordingly found himself March 9, 1816. The time of his sojourn was much shortened by his obtaining the consent of the Abbe to Mr. Clerc's accompanying him to this country, and in June of the same year they set sail for America, arriving in New York the 9th of August. On the 15th of April, 1817, the first asylum in this country was opened in a rented house in Hartford, with a class of seven pupils. Mr. Gallau- det was appointed Principal, which position he held until his health failed him. He died Sept. 10, 1851, aged sixty-one years. Mr. Laurent Clerc died at Hartford July 18, 1869. Since the time of Dr. Gallaudet, forty-nine institutions have been established, all but four of which may be regarded as owing their exist- ence and their method to his influence. The act to establish the Illinois Institution for the Education of the 404 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Deaf and Dumb, was approved February 23, 1839, the bill having been framed and introduced by O. H. Browning, of Adams County. It names for trustees, Thomas Carlin, Dan'l G. Whitney, Thomas Cole, Otway Wilkinson, Sam'l D. Lockwood, Jos. Duncan, Wm. Thomas, Dennis Rockwell, J. M. Sturtevant, Geo. M. Chambers, Sam'l M. Prosser, Porter Clay, Matthew Stacy, Richard F. Barrett, Sam'l H. Treat, Cyrus Walker, Benj. F. Morris, William E. Withrow, James McCrosky, and Thomas Worthington. Section third states: "The object of said cor- poration shall be to promote by all proper and feasible means, the intellectual, moral and physical culture of that unfortunate portion of the community who, by the mysterious dispensation of Providence, have been born or by disease become deaf, and of course dumb, and by a judicious and well adapted course of education, to reclaim them from their lonely and cheerless condition, restore them to the ranks of their species, and fit them for the discharge of the social and domestic duties of life.'' The charter further provides for the location of the institution at Jacksonville, where an eligible site was selected one mile west of the Public Square, and a building suitable for the occupancy of this class of unfortunates was erected, but was not opened for the reception of pupils until January 26, 1846. Mr. Thomas Officer, formerly of the Ohio institution, was appointed superintendent ; under his management the school was well conducted, and at the close of the year 1855 the number of pupils who had been in attendance was one hundred and sixty-two. Mr. Officer in the latter part of the year 1855 presented his resigna- tion to the board of directors, which was accepted. The board were fortunate in securing as the successor of Mr. Officer, Phillip G. Gillett, A.M., a graduate of Asbury University, at Greencastle, Indiana. Mr. Gillett having taught for four years in the Indiana Deaf Mute Institution, came to preside over this one with an experience which was of incalculable value to the institution at that time. The board of directors who were instrumental in procuring the services of Mr. Gillett, in their report for the years 1855-6, say : " The board of directors deem themselves fortunate in having procured the services of Mr. Gillett. He is a gentleman of strong and vigorous mind, an accomplished scholar, and experienced in teaching the sign language ; indeed he has made this his occupation for life, and with him it is as much a labor of love as duty." The number of pupils in actual attendance at this time was one hun- dred. There were but two trades taught : shoe making and cabinet making. The school flourished from this time forward, new buildings were erected, more land was purchased, and needed improvements were added from time to time, as necessity required. During the fall term of '68, two experimental classes in articulation were formed, and after a fair trial, it was found to be of such great value to those for whom it was intended, that it was continued, and there are now three teachers devoting their time exclusively to that department. The General Assembly of 1869-70, appropriated $4,000 for procur- ing printing presses, and the necessary equipments ; since that time quite a number of the pupils have learned the trade, and after quitting school have found themselves able to be self-supporting. An art depart- ment has been added, and those of the pupils who evince talents in that direction, have the benefit of instruction from a competent teacher. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 405 Drawing, painting, wood carving, and scroll work, are taught in this department. A fine library provided by the Legislature is an attract- ive feature of the institution. The institution was for years unable to secure a sufficient supply of water, but this difficulty was overcome in 1870, by building a reservoir on the grounds of the institution, capable of holding three and a half million gallons of water, and here the ice for the use of the household is procured in winter. At the opening of the session of the school in '56, repeated applica- tions were received to admit persons who, though mute, were not deaf; their inability to articulate being the result of imbecility of mind. Dr. Gillett in his report for that year, urges the establishment of an institu- tion where this class of children might be cared for. But it was not until 1865, that the General Assembly incorporated the " Asylum for Feeble Minded Children." A building near the Deaf and Dumb Institu- tion the Governor Duncan property was rented, and placed under the supervision of Dr. Gillett. Having thoroughly organized the school, Dr. Gillett resigned the superintendency and recommended as his successor, Dr. Chas. T. Wilbur, who was accordingly appointed. This institution is now in successful operation in Lincoln, Logan County. On account of its being an outgrowth of the Deaf and Dumb Institution, it is thought fitting to mention it in this connection. The buildings of the Deaf and Dumb Institution are all of brick, and are built in the most sub- stantial manner. The number of pupils increased so rapidly that greater accomodations were needed, and the General Assembly in 1873, made an appropriation for the erection of a dining room sufficiently large to seat five hundred pupils, all at one time ; this building was soon after finished and is found to be all that could be desired. It is one of the largest rooms used for this purpose in the State, being sixty-seven feet wide, and ninety feet long. An appropriation was made at the same time for the erection of a school building, one of the largest detached buildings in the State used for school purposes. It contains besides the twenty- eight school rooms, a chapel, capable of holding one thousand people. The garden is under the supervision of a competent gardener, who instructs those of the pupils who may be placed under his charge, in this useful employment. The number of pupils in actual attendance at this time is four hundred and twenty-six. The value of the property is estimated to be $325,000. The present prosperity of the institution is owing in no small degree to the untiring labors of the present superintendent, Dr. Gillett. The State Board of Charities in their report to Governor Beveridge, say : " With the advent of Mr. Phillip G. Gillett, from Indiana, to the super- intendency, in 1857, the institution entered upon a new career of vigorous growth and expansion. His energetic spirit has driven the school, the public, and even the Legislature before him; when this has been impossi- ble, he has sometimes gone in advance, himself, and waited for the rest to come up." Asbury University, in Indiana, in 1871, conferred on Mr. Gillett the title L.L.D. The institution has grown to be an honor to the State of Illinois, and occupies a position second to none in this country. Illinois Central Hospital for the Insane. This is the oldest institu- tion of its kind in the State. The act to establish it \v;is j .; .'1 by the 406 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. General Assembly March 1, 1847. Before the erection of this institution, this class of unfortunates were kept in county poor-houses, by their friends, and in private institutions ; but in none of these was their keep- ing, in the majority of cases, such as would tend to their comfort or cure. In many instances they were confined in pens or cells, in which they were subjected to all the inclemencies of the weather, their condition being no better than that of wild beasts. Miss D. L. Dix, a philanthropic lady who had devoted the best years of her life to aid the insane, and who had traveled most extensively in the furtherance of her purpose, visited the majority of the counties in this State, to learn the condition of the insane, and to see if some provision could not be made for their proper care and support. In a great many cases she found them in a deplorable condition. In a memorial prepared by her and presented to the General Assembly, at the session of January, 1847, she vividly describes the condition of the insane, as found by her in her travels, and makes a most urgent appeal for their relief and sup- port. In reference to the treatment of insane persons, Miss Dix, in her memorial, says : " Insanity is no longer regarded as the extinction of the mind, a dis- ease hopeless and incurable, but proceeding from physical causes which disable the brain for a time from the correct exercise of those functions through which the mind is represented. And this malady is subject to successful physical treatment, as surely as a fever, or other common bodily disease. In view of ascertaining the condition and necessities of these miserable fellow-beings, I have journeyed over no inconsiderable portion of the State, visiting some of the northern, central, and southern dis- tricts ; and prevented only by severe and protracted illness, the last autumn, from a more complete course of inquiry and observation. " Scenes of misery have met my view which no language, however vividly combined, can adequately describe. In addition to what I have witnessed, distressing circumstances have been communicated, through reliable sources, as existing in private families, which yield additional evidence that this appalling malady is making sure advances throughout the country. It is not confined to rank, age, sex, or condition. All are liable to its attacks, and all are directly concerned to secure means for its cure. This can be done only by the establishment of a hospital adapted expressly to this end." Miss Dix, in her memorial, further vividly describes the condition of the insane throughout the State as she found them. Many were kept in cages, pens, and cells, which generally, through their imperfect construc- tion, afforded ill protection to the persons confined in them. She further says in her memorial : " In the poor-house at Galena, the master showed me through a small apartment occupied by poor patients ill of fever, of consumption, and others confined merely through accident, broken limbs, etc. Passing into the adjacent apartment, also small, I perceived a man- cage constructed on one side, with strong perpendicular bars, enclosing a space about six feet by three. " ' There, madam,' said the keeper with emotion, ' there is the only place I have for keeping the furiously insane when they are sent to the poor-house a place not fit for a dog- a place where they become daily worse, and where their cries, vociferations, and blasphemies, with other HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. 407 offenses, drive all peace and quiet from the place. The sick have no respite, and the family at large no rest. We want, madam, a hospital in our State, and the people ought to know it. It costs as much again, and three-fold as much, to keep them here as it would in an asylum, and when we've done our best, they are in a dreadful condition.' " In the southern, as in the central and northern counties, most dis- tressing cases of persons whose limbs have been frozen, both through exposure while wandering in the country during inclement seasons, and from being shut up in small cells or pens, without clothing or fire to temper the cold in the one, or protection from the pitiless storms in the other." Many of the readers of these pages will doubtless remember the case of the man named Fanning, at one time a resident of this county. He was visited by Miss Dix, who thus describes his condition : "There is at this time in Morgan County a man who has been furiously mad, most of the time, for many years. Since he became in- sane he has been supported at large expense by the county. His sister and brother-in-law have charge of him. A county officer writes to me concerning this poor creature, as follows: -'Fanning is -in a most wretched condition, being kept more like a wild beast than a human being.' I have, together with several citizens of Jacksonville, visited this maniac. Those who are paid by the county for taking charge of him, seemed to me to err through incapacity and entire ignorance how to control him, rather than through willful neglect and inhumanity. His sister said to me : ' He is a sight of trouble, and costs a dreadful deal but we had rather take care of him, than leave him to strangers, because we are kinder and treat him better than they would.' Now for the comfort, the situation, the treatment of this unoffending man, who, before the accident which induced insanity, was characterized, as is testified by those who knew him, for intelligence, industry, and correct habits. It was an intensely hot day last summer when I visited Fanning. He was con- fined in a roofed pen, which enclosed an area of about eight feet by eight probably a few inches over. The interstices between the unhewn logs freely admitted the scorching rays of the sun then, as they now afford admission to the frequent rains, the driving snow and pinching frost. He was without bed, and without clothing ; his food, of the coarsest kind, was passed through a space between the logs, ' no better,' said a neigh- bor, ' than the hogs are fed.' Some sort of coarse bed-clothing and gar- ments, at times were supplied, but usually not. His feet had been frozen and had perished ; upon the shapeless stumps, he could, aided by some motion of his shoulders, raise his body partially against the side of the pen. This wi etched place was cleaned ' once in a week or fortnight,' in mild weather, not so in the wet, cold, wintry seasons. I was told that when the pen Avas opened for this purpose, the help of neighbors was requisite. ' We have men called, and they go in and tie him strongly with ropes, and get him out on the ground, and then they clean the place and him, by throwing over pails of water.' Of course no fire is here introduced in cold winter weather, but a singular expedient has been adopted, as horrible as it is singular. Beneath the pen is excavated a pit about six feet deep and six on either side. This dreary, ghastly place is entered through a trap door ; neither light, heat, nor ventilation there ; 408 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. but there is to be found a pining, desolate, suffering maniac, whose piteous groans, and frantic cries would move to pity the hardest heart." The earnest words and works of Miss Dix and others, were not with- out their effect. Judge William Thomas, who has given so much of his time to benevolent works, and who was mainly instrumental in securing its location in Morgan County, drew up and presented a bill to the Gen- eral Assembly of '46-'47, providing for the erection of a Hospital for the Insane. The main features of the bill introduced by Judge Thomas, were, that " there shall be established, as soon after the passage of this act as shall be practicable, at, or within four miles of the town of Jack- sonville, in the County of Morgan, in this State, an institution to be styled and known as the Illinois State Hospital for the Insane." The following persons were named in the act as trustees : Joseph Morton, James Dun- lap, John J. Hardin. John Henry, Samuel D. Lockvvood, William Thomas, Bezaleel Gillett, Nathaniel English, and Owen M. Long, all of Morgan County. The act further provided that the sum of $60,000 should be' appropriated for the erection of buildings capable of accommodating two hundred and fifty patients ; for the proper admission of patients, for their care and keeping, and for the appointment of officers and the necessary assistants. The trustees above named met on the 20th of March, 1847, and organized as a board by electing Samuel D. Lock- wood, president, and William Thomas, secretary. On the first of May, the board agreed on a location provided the land could be purchased at twenty dollars per acre. On the 15th of May eighty acres of the desired land was purchased at a cost of $1,600, and on the 4th of June following, they purchased eighty acres adjoining, for $1,670. The land lies south of Jacksonville, and the site for the building is one and a quarter miles south of the public square. It is believed that no better location could have been made. The site is so elevated as to command a view of the country for several miles to the north, south and west, and to admit of easy drain- age into a running stream passing near the same. The members of the board having received such information in relation to the building in Indiana as to induce the belief that the plan of that building might be safely adopted, Moore C. Goltra was employed to proceed to Indianapolis and obtain the plans, drawings and specifications of that building. On the tenth day of July Mr. Goltra returned with the ground plans and draw- ings of the Indiana Hospital, which the board adopted, and employed Mr. Goltra as mechanical superintendent. The erection of the buildings began that fall but on account of various delays was not open for the reception of patients until the Fall of 1851. On the 3d of November of that year, according to a notice published and sent throughout the State, three months previously, as required by law, the Hospital was opened for the reception of patients. During the first thirteen months there were received one hundred and thirty-eight patients, of whom seventy-three were males, and sixty-five were females. Of this number thirty-eight were discharged cured, showing the beneficial results of such an institu- tion. On the 12th of August, 1848, James M. Higgins, M. D., of Griggsville, was appointed medical superintendent. He remained in charge of the institution until June 6, 1853, when the trustees deemed it best to make a change in that office. Andrew McFarland, M. D., of the New Hampshire Asylum for the Insane, was chosen to supersede HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 409 Dr. Higgins. He arrived at the institution on the 16th of June, and assumed its superintendence. From time to time various needed improvements have been made, and additions have been erected, until at the present time the building can easily accommodate six hundred inmates, and- the necessary attend- ants. The institution for some time was greatly inconvenienced on account of scarcity of water, but a few years ago a large reservoir was erected, which, with the water works of the city, furnish a never-failing supply. The buildings are thoroughly heated with steam, and lighted by gas, and are furnished with every necessary convenience and improve- ment. Repairs are constantly being made, and every thing is kept in the best of order. Dr. H. F. Carriel, the present superintendent, is a native of Charlestown, N. H. He is a graduate of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, of New York City. He began his labors with the insane, April 1, 1857, in the New Jersey State Asylum at Trenton, and ever since has devoted his time exclusively to this work. Oak Lawn Retreat. Institutions for the care and treatment of the insane have existed for a very long period in the world's history. The first of which we have any account, were founded by monks and other pious brotherhoods, when insanity was conceived to be a visitation of evil spirits, and riot, as now regarded, a disease, subject to medical treatment, like other diseases of the human system. With the more complete organization of society, in later times, and the spread of greater intelligence, they gradually assumed their present shape, being directed by medical men, sometimes built and endowed by the benefactions of the charitably disposed, and occasionally, though rarely, aided by enlightened governments and mu- nicipalities. During the present century, particularly, the claims of the insane to shelter, comfort, and proper treatment, have been more com- pletely recognized than ever before, and society is fully alive to its duty in this regard. In our own favored country this is done in one of two ways : by institutions founded by individuals, either singly or incorpo- rated ; or by States, cities, or counties, as the case may be. In some of these latter cases the public function confines itself simply to the pro- vision of suitable buildings and appurtenances, leaving the qost of maintainance to be borne by those necessitated to resort to their use. In other instances, of which the State of Illinois is an example, the State assumes all the cost of buildings, maintainance, and treatment. This most bountiful liberality has the natural effect to draw under the care of the State the insane of all classes and conditions, leaving some un- provided for. The result of such attempt at a universal provision is, that the receptacles for the insane of a State adopting this policy must be crowded to an unpleasant degree, and naturally there is brought about a promiscuous association not always desirable. There can be no distinctions made or favors shown to any, where the rights and standing of all are on exactly the same basis. To grant such distinctions, under the circum- stances, would be a breach of a public trust. With the increase of pop- ulation, wealth, and refinement, the instances multiply where cheapness is not alone a consideration. As an inevitable so'cial necessity, a class of institutions come into being where pecuniary means can arrange for all the special favors and advantages that any case may require. The rule that 410 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. governs in the choice of a hotel, a seminary, or a social set, will not make the insane asylum an exception where the means are at hand to dictate a selection. The knowledge that large numbers of the insane were being transported from Illinois, and States even farther west, to far distant institutions in the older States, under the above men- tioned circumstances, led to the establishment of OAK LAWN RE- TREAT, in the year 1872, by Andrew J. McFarland, M. D., so long superintendent of the State Hospital here. It occupies a site of sixty acres fronting on Morton avenue, about one and a fourth miles from the public square, in the city of Jacksonville. The location, as regards picturesque- ness, salubrity, water-supply, drainage, etc., is every thing that could be desired. It has accommodations for about twenty patients, and is now (1878) occupied to its full capacity, though early additions to its build- ings are contemplated. Illinois Institution for the Education of the Blind. Prior to the year 1833, no institution of this kind existed in the United States. That year Dr. Howe, of Boston, and J. R. Freidlander, Esq., of Philadelphia, intro- duced the system in use in Europe into each of these cities. The system adopted by these gentlemen was that in vogue among the French. This method was invented by Abbe Hauy, in 1785. Previous to this time blindness was considered to be the greatest of deprivations. The loss of the organs by which man usually receives a knowledge of objects around him, was naturally supposed to close the world to him, and to produce a mental darkness which no skill could enlighten. This opinion was so universally prevalent, that no effort was made, except in rare instances, to instruct this class of unfortunates. The benevolent Abbe one day entered a cafe in Paris, and hearing some blind musicians performing with skill and taste certain trifling airs learned by ear, asked himself the ques- tion, " If these men can perform so well without instruction, can not instruction improve their talents ? " He commenced an investigation of the powers and capabilities of the blind, and devised a method of print- ing for their use, which is still followed. In 1789, his efforts attracted the attention of the French government, and it established the institution in Paris for the education of the blind. This was the first attempt at opening a school for the blind. The regulations established, the methods adopted at that time, and the course of instruction have been continued to the present time. From the cities of Boston and Philadelphia, have radiated the methods of instruction, and there is now scarcely a State in the Union which has not made liberal appropriations for the education of its blind. The first attempt to instruct them in this State, was made in the city of Jacksonville, in the year 1848, by Mr. Samuel Bacon, a blind man, formerly of the Ohio institution. His school was supported by the liberal donations of the citizens of Jacksonville. On the 13th of Januaiy, 1849, the Legislature passed the act incor- porating The Illinois Institution for the Education of the Blind. In accordance with the provisions of this act, the trustees named therein, Messrs. Samuel D. Lockwood, James Dunlap, W. W. Happy, Dennis Rockwell, and Samuel Hunt, met on the third day of February, of that year, and organized by electing Mr. Lockwood president, James Berdan secretary, and Mr. Rockwell treasurer. The school under their control wns opened for the reception of pupils the April following. Mr. Bacon, 412 mSTORY OF MOTCGAN COUNTY. who had been quite successful, was engaged as principal of the institution. The number of pupils quite small at first, gradually increased. No vacation occurred in the school until the 10th of July, when the first term was closed, and the pupils, then numbering twenty-three, after a public examination, were dismissed until the first Wednesday of October. Mr. Bacon opened his first school in a building on North Main Street, now known as the John McConnell property. After the incorporation of the school, it was removed to the Wilson farm, west of the city, which place is now known as the Robb farm. Mr. Bacon having resigned 'at the close of the term in July, the board deputed one of their number to visit similar institutions, in other States, for the purpose of engaging a competent superintendent. The result of this visit was the selection of Dr. Joshua Rhoads, former super- intendent of the Pennsylvania Institution for the Blind, as principal, and Mrs. Rosanna Rhoads as matron. Under their direction the school fe opened on the first Wednesday of October, with twenty-three pupils, i this number being all that could be accommodated at this time. The board had purchased an eligible site, comprising twenty-two acres of ground, in the eastern part of the city, where the foundations of a building suitable for the accommodation of this class of persons was laid, and work on the walls was progressing favorably ; this building in an unfurnished condition, was occupied for the first time in January, 1854; it was entirely completed January, 1855. The course of instruc- tion was enlarged, so as to include the various trades, and some of the fine arts. Dr. Rhoads continued as principal of the institution, until 1874, a period of twenty-four years ; during which time, many improve- ments were made, and the institution brought to the front rank. Dr. Phillips the present superintendent, speaking of Dr. Rhoads, s;:ys : "Since my last report, my predecessor, Dr. Joshua Rhoads, has died. His health, feeble at the time of his resignation, continued to fail until bruary 1, 1876, when death relieved him of his sufferings. A graduate of Pennsylvania University of Medicine, he was engaged in the active prac- L e of his profession for a number of years. He was principal of the Pennsylvania Institution for the Blind for four years. In 18^0, he was elected principal of this institution, which position he occupied for twenty-four years. Possessed of a good mind, which was well culti- vated, he was qualified both by nature and habit, for the work to which he gave so much of his life. Methodical, earnest, and in love with his work, the institution was well conducted and successful under his admin- istration. At the time of his death he had entered upon his seventieth year." The buildings completed January 1, 1855, were with various addi- tions, and improvements, occupied without interruption, until the morn- ing of the 20th of April, 1869, when the main building with its contents, was entirely destroyed by fire. The pupils and teachers were imme- diately removed to Berean College building, situated two squares west, through the kindness of Mrs. E. Ayers, who owned the building, school was again resumed, and continued until the institution could be rebuilt. The new building was completed and opened January 26, 1870. The school has progressed most favorably ever since. Dr. Rhoads, owing to HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 413 failing health, resigned his position in 1874, and F. W. Phillips, M.D. for many years a prominent minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church, was appointed to the vacancy. The school continues to prosper. There are now 120 pupils in attendance. Additions and improvements have been made from time to time, as necessity demanded. It is hoped by the friends of the institution, that the east wing will before many years be erected. When this is completed, Illinois will have furnished ample provision for all this class of unfortunates, within her borders. The inventory and appraisement of the buildings, grounds, and property belong- ing to the institution, on the 30th of September, 1876, was $167,558.91. MEREDOSIA. This thriving town is in the extreme western part of Morgan County, on the east bank of the Illinois River. The earliest mention we are able to learn of this town, relates to the year 1816, when Gen. Murray McConnell, in passing up the river to where Peoria now stands, found one white man residing at the head of a lake near the site of the present town of Meredosia. This man was a French priest, who was doing missionary work among the Indians, who had quite a village just north of the present town. In honor of this priest, Mr. J. E. Waldo, and Philip Aylesworth two gentlemen who were prominent citizens of the place for many years named the town. The name of the priest was Antoine D'Osia, and the name given to the town was partly on account of the lake being near where the town was to be. The meaning of the word is Mere, a lake, and DeOsia, of Osia, or D'Osia's lake. The records show that the town was platted on December 27, 1832, by Thomas T. January, on frac- tional section 21, township 16 north, range 13 west. The lots were sixty by one hundred and fifty feet. This was the south part of the present town, which was laid out in after years by Jonathan Cobbs and Philip Aylesworth, on the northeast quarter of section 21. Among the first stores erected in Meredosia, was one kept by Isaiah Stites, on the ground where now stands the handsome residence of Absa- lom Sibert, Esq. In the Fall of 1831, Mr. Daniel Waldo, a native of New Hampshire, came to Meredosia, and in connection with his brother, who had come out the preceding year, opened a general variety store. His stock of goods was brought from Boston and New Orleans, and was the largest stock in the county at that time. At that date there was no money of any kind in the settlement, and in lieu of it, the common cur- rency of the frontier was used. This consisted of coon skins, furs of all kinds, honey, beeswax, or whatever the settlers had to give in exchange. The settlement at this time consisted of about twenty families. There was no school in the place until 1833, when Mr. Pickett opened a school in one room of the double log cabin of Mr. Jonathan Cobb. This was a pay school, and had an average attendance of twenty scholars. Each child paid two dollars per quarter. The pay consisted of furs, generally, though the teacher was willing to take whatever he could get. It was during this year (1833) that Stephen Arnold Douglas came to Illinois. He was born April 13, 1813, at Brandon, Vermont. At the age of twenty years, he came to this State in hopes of bettering his condi- tion. He landed at Meredosia, in 1833, where he met Mr. Daniel Waldo N 414 HISTORY OF MORGAN COtTNTY. and Mr. Edward Lusk, two of the pioneers of Illinois, who are still resid- ing there. He was in search of a school ; but failing to find one here, he proceeded on foot to Bethel, where he met with a like result. He went on to Jacksonville, and finding no employment there, proceeded to Winchester, where he succeeded in securing a school of forty pupils, at three dollars per quarter. When he reached Winchester, his ex- / chequer was reduced to thirty-seven and one-half cents. He kept up his law studies, and the following March was admitted to the Bar by the Supreme Court, sitting at Vandalia. He now betook himself to the practice of law, and speedily won distinction in his profession. Within / a year of his admission to the Bar, before he was twenty-two years old, ' he was chosen by the legislature, attorney-general of the State. In 1836 he was elected to the legislature from Morgan County, being the young- est member of that body. " It was in 1833 that President Jackson added to his refusal to re-charter the United States Bank, the removal of the deposits. Great was the consternation of the people, and a panic pre- vailed. Party feeling ran extremely high, the president's supporters were unsettled in their views, and thousands differed with him on these measures. Douglas had just located at Jacksonville, and opened a law- office in a room in the court-house. The Whigs of Morgan County, from their number and standing, were arrogant and audacious in their denun- ciation of the administration. Douglas mingled freely with the people, who usually crowded the county-seat on Saturdays, and, among them, was outspoken in his approbation of acts of the administration. He and the editor of the Democratic paper at Jacksonville, deeming it advisable to rally the undecided, effect an organization of the administration party, and define its position, in opposition to the views of many friends, called a mass meeting, and prepared a set of resolutions endorsing the bank policy of the administration. On the day of the meeting, the court-house was thronged with people of both parties. Douglas, being comparatively a stranger, declined to offer resolutions ; but as it soon became appar- ent that unless he did it would not be done, he boldly advanced and read them, following with a few brief explanatory remarks. Immediately upon his conclusion, Josiah Lamborn, a Whig of great influence and ora- torical powers, attacked the resolutions, and their reader, in a severe and caustic manner. The blood of Douglas was up ; this was his first politi- cal effort, but he met his antagonist with such arguments, so vehement and effeative, that the excitement of his friends reached the highest point of endurance ; they cheered, seized, and bore him aloft through the crowd, and around the public square, in gratitude and admiration, apply- ing to him such complimentary titles as ' high-combed cock,' ' little giant,' etc., which last, by its peculiar appropriateness, adhered to him to the last. His effort that day, in a measure, changed the political destiny of Morgan County. It was long remembered, and the old veterans of Mor- gan always held that Douglas never equaled this speech of March, 1834."* From this time, Douglas' political career began, and, as his after life is so well known to the readers of these pages, we desist from further mention of him here. He died in 1861, and is buried in a beautiful spot in the suburbs of Chicago. His grave is near Lake Michigan, in " Doug- las Grove," near where was "Camp Douglas" during the late war. *Davidson & Stuve's History of Illinois. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 415 In 1835, Messrs. D. and J. E. Waldo erected a distillery for the manu- facture of whisky. The capacity was three hundred bushels of grain per day. In connection with the distillery, the proprietors opened the first blacksmith shop in the place, and engaged James Wolf to manage that part of the business for them. A few years later, a saw mill was added to the distillery. The distillery was afterward owned by Roe & Gove, who dis- posed of it to Mr. Joab Wilkinson. The machinery finally became worn out, and the business was abandoned. The first frame buildings erected in the town were by the Waldo brothers, in 1833; the lumber was split from logs, and rough dressed. The first tavern was kept by Mr. Geo. Finch, who was running a stage line between Jacksonville and Mt. Sterling, having Meredosia as his " half- way house." This hotel was a ver}^ large building, containing seventy-five rooms, and was in one respect like ancient Rome, " not built in a day." At first there were but a few rooms, the others being added from time to time. In 1867, the building was destroyed by fire. In 1850, another hotel was erected and opened by Mr. Holderby ; this is the present hotel of the place, Dr. H. J. Parker being the proprietor. During the Summer of 1851, Mr. Holderby opened a lumber yard, the first in the town, which business he conducted until the time of his death, in 1854. The yard then passed into the hands of Grierson & Wallahan, who were engaged in the dry goods and grocery business. The business was conducted by Messrs. Grierson & Wallahan until the year 1861, when Mr. Grierson, becoming fired with patriotism, entered the army, and afterward became noted as General Ben. Grierson, so well known all over the country. In the Fall of 1839, Mr. Edward Lusk, who had been keeping a store in Jacksonville for six years, went to St. Louis and purchased a steamboat. This boat the American he ran between St. Louis and Peoria, carrying passengers and freight to all the landings between these points. Mr. Lusk continued on the river as captain of the American for five years, when he settled in the neighborhood of Meredosia, and engaged in farming. Mr. Lusk is still living, at the age of sixty-two, and no one is more highly esteemed where he is known. The first postmaster in Meredosia was Mr. Philip Aylesworth. The mails were carried by a man named Pickett, who rode between Quincy and Springfield once every week. When the old man came in sight of the settlement he would blow a horn to assemble the settlers to receive their mail. The postage was paid by the person who received the letter, not by the writer as is done now. At that time the rates were graded so that the postage on a letter which had been carried a distance of thirty miles or less was six cents, a greater distance ten, or eighteen and three- fourths, and for any distance over five hundred miles the postage was twenty-five cents. Under the administration of President Jackson, Mr. Daniel Waldo was appointed postmaster. This position he retained for sixteen years. When Mr. Buchanan was elected president he saw proper to appoint one of his own political party to the place. President Grant re-appointed Mr. Waldo to that position, which he now holds. He has now been in the employ of the postoffice department for twenty-five years, and has held the position of justice of the peace for forty-one years. "'Squire" Waldo is one of the early settlers of whom but few are now residing in the county. He is in his seventy-sixth year, and an active man. 416 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. Previous to 1837, there had been no regular preaching. During this year several ministers held services in the houses of the settlers. Among these traveling preachers was the Rev. Ben Newman. About this time the citizens without regard to denominational differences united in erecting a house of worship. This house was built near where the railroad depot now is. A few years after the erection of this house, the Rev. W. H. Milburn, the celebrated " Blind Preacher," held a series of meetings here. An outgrowth of this series of meetings was the present Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1859, J. H. Carver and M. H. Mauck opened a general store. Their business increasing, more store room was necessary, and in 1868, they erected their present store. This is a large two-story brick building. The upper floor was added for the use of the Masonic Frater- nity. In 1867, Messrs. Hysinger & Graham opened a store for the sale of groceries, dry goods, and clothing ; they soon found their business would justify the erection of a new building, and now have a large store on Main street. A large grist and saw mill was erected in 1859 by Kruse & Miller. This mill has since been operated by different parties, the present proprietor being Mr. C. C. Rieman, who is erecting a large mill to take the place of the old one. Messrs. Einstman, and Keener & Pike own and operate two large grain elevators ; Mr. Einstman running a boat and several barges for the transportation of his grain to market. The amount of grain shipped from Meredosia during the last year was : corn, 150,000 bushels ; wheat,, 40,000. This business is about equally divided between the two grain dealers. Mr. Charles Heinz owns and operates a wagon shop, where he also manufactures agricultural implements. Another wagon shop is owned by Mr. Charles Button. Mr. Einstman has a saw mill which has a good local trade. Mr. Henry Shafer is doing a good business in the manufacture of furniture. Mr. David McGinnis has a first-class drug store, and does a good business. The fishing business is carried on quite extensively, large quantities of fish being shipped every day. The town of Meredosia 'was incorporated November 23, 1850. The first trustees were: John Trabue, Wm. B. Newcomb, S. S. Winnegar, John W. Trover, and Wm. H. Long. At that time Meredosia contained about the same number of inhabitants as now. It had been in its day a thriving, energetic town, but other cities more prosperous in their growth had taken away its trade. This was owing chiefly to the inception and growth of railroads. At one time in the history of our county he who founded a town away from any lake or navigable river was deemed unwise, for no one ever dreamed that produce could be conveyed from one point to another save by water. Hence in the earliest settlement of the country all towns were found upon or near some navigable body of water. Meredosia was founded and grew well at first, but the railroad came in 1838, and other towns began to draw away its trade. This railroad, the the first in the Valley of the Mississippi, was part of the great internal improvement system begun in the Prairie State in 1835, and which for a time so nearly bankrupted the people. The Northern Cross Railroad, the first one built under this system was let out to the contractors early in 1837. Some grading and other work was done during that season and on the 9th day of May, 1838, the HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY 417 first rail was laid at Meredosia. This was a great day in the history of the little town. Its streets were full of people who came to see what to many of them was the beginning of a monstrous piece of folly. The his- tory of this road, its small cars and meagre equipments, its trials, failures, and ultimate success, are recorded elsewhere in this volume, .and need not be repeated here. Among the citizens of Meredosia who gave time and money in aid of this enterprise, none were more conspicuous than Mr. Daniel, Waldo. He was, as has been stated, one of the earliest mer- chants here, and has always been prominently connected with the growth of Meredosia. Speaking of his early experiences as a merchant, and of his acquaintance with men who afterward became prominent in the history of the State, Mr. Waldo related to the writer of these pages, his meeting with Stephen A. Douglas, who first set foot upon the soil of Illinois at the little town of Meredosia. Mr. Waldo says : " In the Fall of 1833, I was at the boat landing, receiving goods, when I was accosted by a young man who had just come on the boat. After the usual greetings of the day were exchanged, Mr. Douglas for by that name he introduced him- self inquired if I knew of a place where a school teacher was needed, I told him if a school teacher was needed any place under the canopy of heaven, Meredosia was that place. He went at my invitation, to my store, where I had quite a talk with him. He had been working at the cabinet business and afterward studied law in the State of New York. Wishing to better his condition financially, he had come out West. At this time, Mr. Douglas was but twenty years of age, failing to secure the interests of the people sufficiently to maintain a school, he " kept bar," for his board, and slept in my store. Not long afterward, he went to Bethel, but failing to secure a school at this place, he proceeded on foot to Winchester, while on the way he earned one dollar, for clerking at a public sale the first money he earned in this State. He procured a school at Winchester, and after its close went to Jacksonville, where he located and shortly afterward began the practice of law." Mr. Waldo's recollection of Mr. Douglas, coincides with the statements we have already made, in the history of Meredosia. During the senatorial con- test in 1858, Mr. Douglas, as well as his opponent for public favor Abra- ham Lincoln, made many speeches here. Meredosia is a good field for the curiosity hunter, as there are in the town several mounds which were built by the Indians, ages ago. These mounds, some of which are fifty feet in height, are built of black soil, which has probably been brought from the bottom, on the west side of the river. A few of them have been opened, and numbers of arrow- heads, stone hatchets, copper vessels, and articles of pottery-ware found in them. Immediately north of the town is a level tract of land, con- tainining fifteen acres. This plat is inclosed on three sides by .the bluffs, and on the other side by D'Osia's Lake. This place was occupied by the Indians, who had quite a village here, just previous to the advent of the settlers in its neighborhood. In one of the mounds near this village a skeleton was unearthed a few years ago, which was supposed to be all that remained of Antoine D'Osia, the first settler. A few miles from Meredosia there are several of these mounds, and the remains of a large fort are also seen on the top of a high bluff, overhanging the mounds. This fort shows the remains of ditches, parapets, etc. No portion of the 418 HISTOEY OF MORGAN COUNTY. county is of more interest to one who cares for a ramble through the woods on a bright summer day, where they can see so many relics of olden time. The present population of Meredosia is about seven hundred and fifty souls, and is composed chiefly of the German element. Farming in the vicinity of the town is carried on to a great extent. The land in this neighborhood is fertile and very productive, being composed of sandy loam and decayed vegetable matter. This soil varies in depth from eight inches to six feet. Underlying this soil is a strata of white sand, through which is continually percolating a current of clear, cold water, passing, apparently from east to west. In dry seasons this portion of the county always gives a fair yield, the power of the sun being such as to attract to the surface a sufficient quantity of moisture to prevent the crops from dryness. The farmers in this region are always sure of a good crop if the requisite amount of labor is applied at the proper time. The market for most of the grain raised here is St. Louis, one hundred and twenty miles below the town. Most of the grain is shipped by river, while a good por- tion is sent by rail to Toledo and the eastern cities. Municipal. Meredosia was incorporated first under the general law of the State. In 1850 it received a charter uuder which the first board of trustees were John Trabue, Wm. B. Newcomb, S. S. Winnegar, John W. Trover, and Wm. H. Long. The records of the town from 1851 to, and including 1865, were lost and no record of the town for those years can now be found. The records beginning with the year 1866 show the following to be the mu- nicipal directory : 1866 O. D. Critzer, Wm. Morley, W. J. Wackerle, Peter Baujan, Daniel Waldo. 1867 O. D. Critzer, Peter Baujan, D. H. Lollis, Charles Launer, James Watson. 1868 J. L. Pike, Joel Turnham, D. H. Lollis, S. T. Black, John Winningham. 1869 L. C. Mitchell, R. B. Conn, O. D. Critzer, Peter Baujan, Charles Heinz. 1870 J. L. Pike, D. H. Lollis, Charles Heinz, Joel Turnham, Chas. Launer. 1871 Daniel Waldo, D. H. Lollis, Charles Heinz, J. L. Pike, Chas. Launer. 1872 J. L. Pike, H. W. Welcheimer, J. F. Yeck, Sibert Heiser, J. C. Herr. 1873 Geo. W. Graham, J. L. Pike, Peter Baujan, H. W. Reiman, J. F. Yeck. 1874 Geo. W. Graham, J. L. Pike, H. W. Rieman, J. F. Yeck, Peter Baujan. 1875 J. F. Skinner, J. Youst, Charles Heinz, H. W. Rieman, D. H. Lollis. 1876 Charles Heinz, J. F. Skinner, John Youst, D. H. Lollis, H. W. Rieman. 1877 C. Heinz, J. L. Pike, H. W. Welchimer, David Schroll, J. F. Yeck. 1878 G. W. Graham, A. J. Leslie, Lyman Deitz, J. F. Skinner, Geo. James. J. F. Skinner, Treasurer; C. R. Lyon, Town Clerk. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 419 The Churches, The Methodist Episcopal, is the oldest religious asso- ciation in Meredosia. For several years before there was a church organi- zation in that town services were frequently held in private residences. The first house erected for divine worship was near the railroad. This house was built by the citizens, without regard to denominational differ- ences, and was used by all. This house was known as the " Union Church," and was used until 1865, when it was moved to its present site and used alternately by the German Episcopal and Methodist Episcopal organizations. In 1877, the former having purchased the entire building, the Methodist Episcopal began the erection of a house of their own. This church is built on an elevation, in the north- ern part of the town and is an ornament to Meredosia. It is a large frame building, with a tower one hundred feet high. In the tower of the church it is the intention, at an early day, to place a thou- sand pound bell. The church has a very high ceiling, stained glass win- dows, and is a handsome structure. Its cost, when completed, will be f>3,;">00. The church is in a flourishing condition having a membership of two hundred. The German Methodist Episcopal had no services whateveT until 1850. At that time they began holding occasional meetings at the houses of persons adhering to that denomination. They united with the Amer- ican Methodists in 1865, both bodies occupying one building. In 1877, on the withdrawal of the latter, the Germans retained the church building, which they still occupy. The church is doing well and the membership is gradually increasing. The First Lutheran, German St. John was organized about 1872. At that time the congregation was small and was served by "second- ary " ministers. These were the Rev's. August Bramer, E. Behm, and Wm. Meyer. This association occupies a frame building in the northern part of the town. This house was formerly the Union Church the first building for worship in the place which has been remodeled and pre- sents a very neat appearance. The present membership numbers about twenty families. The pastor is the Rev. Edmund Hautel, to whose efforts the prosperity of the church is chiefly due, and who has been instrumental in bringing the church under the supervision of the General Synod of the Lutheran Church. Rev. Hautel also has charge of a coun- try church, a short distance from Meredosia, which is in a prosperous con- dition. The Union Baptist Association was organized in 1874, at which time a church was erected. They have since held regular services. The Schools. We have already mentioned the first school opei'.ed in Meredosia. It was taught by Mr. Geo. Pickett, in one room of a double log cabin, occupied by Mr. Jonathan Cobb. It was a pay school, the teacher being paid in the common currency of the day, coon skins, wax, etc. The price charged was two dollars per quarter. After this, other schools were opened in various places, generally paid by subscriptions until the pass- age of the State law, organizing school districts. A better system of education was the result, the schools being supported by taxation. Build- ings erected for school purposes were used and an attempt at gradation begun. These efforts culminated in the present system of graded schools and the present commodious school building. It was erected in 1877, contains four rooms, and is capable of accommodating two hundred HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. pupils. The attendance at present is one hundred and sixty-five. The superintendent is Mr. Joseph Harker, who is assisted by three teachers. The teaching of the German language is a specialty, one room being devoted to that branch. The Board of Education consists of Messrs. Geo. W. Graham, David Schroll, G. N. Beauchamp. Lodges and Societies. A. F. & A. M. Benevolent Lodge No. 52, was organized in 1848. Its present membership numbers 62. Meetings, Saturday evening before full moon, in each month. Meredosia Chapter No. 11, was organized in 1850. Membership at present, 64. Meets first Wednesday in each month. A Council has recently been .formed, but the organization has not yet been perfected. I. O. O. F. Meredosia Lodge No. 138, was organized in 1855. Has now 30 members. The meetings are held every Thursday evening. Dosia Encampment No. 166, was organized in 1875. Has present mem- bership of 14. Meets first and third Mondays of each month. The Press. Through the instrumentality of Mr. Geo. W. Graham, Mr. J. R. Miller was induced to open a printing office in Meredosia in 1877. The press used at first was a " Washington," and the type was insufficient for the office. Since then the office has been furnished with a new job press and new type and is doing a good business. Mr. Miller is editor of The Meredosia Monitor, which is well sustained. WAVERLY Is the second town in size in the county. It is situated in the south- east corner of the county, on the Jacksonville, Northwestern and South- eastern Railroad, and is about twenty miles from the county-seat. Prior to the year 1836, the land on which the town is situated was an unbro- ken wilderness, with no habitues, save the native animals of the prairies. The country round about the place contained a few settlers, these gener- ally living in the edge of the timber. Their habitations were diminutive log structures of the day, and their trading places were generally Jack- sonville, Alton and Springfield. The first settler in this part of the county was Milton Shirtleff, who located on Section 11, about 1822. Among the other early settlers were John Hunt, James London, Michael Miller, Jacob Black, Rev. Isaac Conlee, Joseph Thomas, Nicholas Russell, Flemming C. Maupin, John Turner, Joseph Wise, and Joseph Caruthers. The first marriage here was that of Mr. Christopher Ashbaugh to Miss Elizabeth Thomas. In 1827, the first death in this community occurred, being that of Henry, son of John Hunt. Rev. William Rogers preached the first sermon here, at the house of Rev. Isaac Conlee. He was a Baptist clergyman, and was well known in this community. The first school in this neighborhood was taught by John Scott. It was, like all other schools of the day, paid by subscrip- tion; the compensation being peltry and bees-wax, the circulating cur- rency of the time. This part of the county grew slowly. The Illinois College was founded by men from New Haven, Conn., among them Dr. J. M. Sturtevant, so long its honored president. It is well known by all that the founding of the college was largely the result of the labors of a band of young men, who had determined to make the Northwest the field of their life labors. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 421 Mr. Cleveland J. Salter, a native of New Haven, Conn., and then a merchant in that city, had become acquainted with this band of young men, and from them had learned their plans, and something of their suc- cess. He knew of the founding of Illinois College, and of the desire among its friends to establish a theological school. While a merchant in New Haven he concluded to visit the Great West, and in 1834, he made a tour, mostly by stage, through a portion of Illinois, visiting Jacksonville, Quincy, and other places. In 1835, on the recommendation of a friend residing in Jacksonville, he made an invest- ment in land, where Waverly now stands, of about five thousand acres, Messrs. D. B. Salter, Alexander C. Twining, and Joseph A Tanner, hav- ing with him about one-half interest. On the 18th of May, 1836, these persons laid out the village of Waverly, donating a capacious public square, and also six hundred and forty acres of land near the village for educational purposes. Mr. C. J. Salter had returned for his family in 1835, having deter- mined to emigrate to the new town. During his absence the proprietors of the village had erected a brick seminary and a frame boarding-house, at an aggregate expense of about $5,000. Mr. Salter's route, in common with all other emigrants, was by various modes of travel to Pittsburgh, thence down the Ohio River in a steamboat to its confluence with the Mississippi, and up that river by the same conveyance to St. Louis. At this place they took stages on the route to Springfield, and came to Auburn, where in wagons they proceeded to their new home. On their arrival at Waverly the only house which they could use was the board- ing-house, then just completed. Here they lived until Mr. Salter could erect a brick dwelling the first in this part of the county. This became, with various improvements, the family residence, and here Mr. Salter resided until his death, which occurred on the 27th of January, 1878. The only buildings on the site of the town at the time of Mr. Salter and his family's arrival, were the boarding-house and the brick seminary already mentioned. A little over a mile west of the new town, a village plat under the name of Appalona, had been surveyed, and some attempts at village life begun. Here was a blacksmith's shop, a postoffice, and one or two cabins; the latter at this time were occupied by a few families just locating in the country. The village of Appalona had received its name from Apple Creek, on which it was situated, and though vigorous efforts were made by its projectors to establish a prosperous town here, the attempt was a failure, and Appalona exists only in name. The post- office was -retained here, however, until about 1847, when the stage route was changed so as to pass through Waverly. The chief aim of the founders of Waverly was the establishing of a school. Hence the erec- tion of the seminary and boarding-house before the other structures were begun. The town grew but slowly at first ; its founders could not in- duce settlers rapidly to locate in their midst, and for ten years the village scarcely contained two hundred inhabitants. Dr. I. H. Brown was among the first to settle here; he was a prominent physician, and was widely known throughout the entire community. Mr. Theodore Wat- son, now a resident of Waverly, located here in 1839. Concerning his recollections of the place at that date, he says : " There were then but very few people in the place. The public 422 HISTOKT OF MORGAN COUNTY. square was overgrown with a mass of vines, underbrush, and small trees. It remained in this condition several years, when about 1848 it was cleared off, small trees planted, and the unsightly rail-fence gave way to the present one of plank. When I came here," continued Mr. Watson, "the boarding-house was occupied, and the school in operation. Dr. I. H. Brown was living in the northern part of the town, in a log cabin. George Knapp was living in the western part, in a similar house. Elisha Filley resided in the southeastern part of the town; he was a carpenter by trade, and built the first house in town. Elijah Wood, a farmer, was a neighbor of Mr. Filley's. David Dykes, also a farmer, lived in a log cabin in the village, and worked his farm near by. C. J. Salter had not yet completed his family residence, and was living in the boarding-house. The western part of what is now Waverly, was then the center of trade, and here Frank Starr, with George Carter, about 1840, opened the first store in the village." About eight years after, Mr. J. A. Crane opened the second store in the place ; it, like its predecessor, and all stores of its time, contained a general stock of goods, comprising every article in the catalogue of fron- tier necessities. The school was opened about 1838, in the spring ; the first teacher here was Mr. John F. Brooks. The post-office was kept at George Deth- erage's, about three-fourths of a mile west of the town. Not far from this office was the place known as " Log Range ;" it was called at first " La Grange," by a daughter of one of the pioneers, who, being possessed of a romantic turn of mind, gave the latter name to her home. As it was then a log cabin, and the pioneer neighborhood filled more with the prac- tical than the ideal, and perceiving the import of the name, gave it its broadest sound when pronouncing it. As the houses then were all cabins, the "La" soon degenerated into "Log," and "Log Range " was the result. The name " Waverly " has an equally romantic origin : Mr. James D. B. Salter, a young man in school when the town was platted, wrote to his father requesting him, if the town had not been christened, to give it the name of Waverly, in honor of the Waverly novels, for which he had an intense admiration. His father complied with his request, and hence the name. Mr. Watson states further, that when he came, Mr. A. Pease was living on the east side of the public square ; he was a farmer, but has always resided in town. Dr. Brown's father lived in a log house on the lot now occupied by the graded school, and had a cooper and blacksmith shop near where he lived. The families enumerated were the principal ones who were residents of Waverly until 1847. During the first decade of the town's existence, its growth was slow, being chiefly dependent on the prosperity of the school. This was a well-known institution, and had in its day a State reputa- tion. Among its pupils were some of the most prominent men of Illinois, who remember with pride the days spent at the Waverly Seminary. The chief desire of the founders of the village, to build up a large school, was destined to fail. Other towns had more and better advantages for schools, and only a high school was ever realized here. The grant of 640 acres reverted to the original proprietors, and in time the seminary gave way to the present town schools. In 1846, Mr. J. A. Crane came to Waverly ; speaking of what he saw in the village, says : " There was HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 423 one church edifice built when I came ; it was the Episcopal Church, and had been used but a short time ; the Congregational was organized, and was using the seminary for public service ; the Methodist Episcopal Church had not yet a house of worship: the Rev. C. G. Selleck was pastor of the Congregational Church, and was also teacher in the academy. There was but one store in town, owned by Andrew and Alexander Kinkead, who had a general stock of goods. I opened a grocery, but kept almost all goods wanted by the pioneers ; mine was the second store in the town. The post-office was at Appalona, at Mr. Detherage's. There were a few carpenters, a blacksmith or two, and probably one hundred and fifty inhabitants." Two years after Mr. Crane's arrival, Capt. J. W. Meacham located. During these two years, Waverly had more than doubled in inhabitants, and was doing a good business. Captain Meacham remembers the following stores and business places in the town : A. Thayer was keeping a general store in a part of his dwelling, on the southeast part of the square ; William Rhoacls had a drug-store on the south side of the square, in a frame story-and-a-half building ; R. H. Nelson and John A. Crane were selling dry goods, gro- ceries, etc., in a frame building on the west side of the square ; Andrew Kinkead and G. W. Garrett had a general store near Crane & Nelson ; J. W. Ross and John Beatty had a small grocery and provision store on the west side of the square ; Andrew Kinkead kept a small drug-store, adjoining the grocery store of Ross & Beatty; one flouring mill, in the western part of the town was in operation, run by William H. Coe ; James Hutchinson was operating a carding factory, where the present flouring mill of Hutchinson Brothers & Co. is now situated ; Baker Ewing had a blacksmith and wagon shop in the western part of the town, near its old business center ; an old saw mill, that had been in operation several years, was still in use ; James W. Manson had a blacksmith shop on the east side of the public square. " There were two churches," says the Cap- tain, " the Congregational and the Methodist ; the former was yet using the seminary for public service ; the latter was then completing a house of worship ; it was a frame structure, and had not yet been plastered. The Rev. Dixon was the Congregational preacher, and Rev. Joseph Wil- son occupied the pulpit in the unfinished Methodist Church. The sem- inary was then in successful operation. Two private schools were also established ; one was taught by Margaret Miller, the other by Ellen Thayer. The post-office had just been removed, and we no longer went to Appalona for mail. Stages came from Vandalia to Jacksonville twice each week, bringing letters and papers. The houses in town were gen- erally built of frame, though in many cases the cabins were yet used. A brick store and dwelling was built about 1849, by S. (J. Woods ; another soon after by J. A. Crane. These were the first brick business houses in town. "As early as 1836 or 1838, a brick yard had been started by a Mr. Tainter, from whom the brick for the seminary and Mr. C. J. Salter's residence were obtained. About 1846, Alexander Edgmon started a second brick yard, these two supplying the town. The old saw-mill was one of the early adjuncts of Waverly; it was operated by Wrn. Chambers, and was started by Cook & Eastman. It was run by steam, and in its day did a good business. The public square was surrounded by a rail 424 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. fence, as late as 1846. About a year or two after, this was replaced by a plank fence ; the square was cleared off, and made more attractive." The first bank was established in 1870, by J. A. Crane, Manson & Company; they were alone in the business until 1874, when the Waverly Bank was started by Brown & Company. Each bank is doing a good business. The village was now in active existence. A good trade with the surrounding settlers had been established ; and notwithstanding the hard times, and scarcity of money, Waverly was in a fair way to become the second town in Morgan County. For the next ten years, and even until the opening of the great civil war, business increased. The patriotism of the people here, in the national conflict, was unexcelled by any town of its size. Two companies, composed entirely of men from Waverly and its vicinity, were raised, and marched to the war. In the war record of the county, published elsewhere in this volume, a history of these companies is given ; from it the reader can learn each man's name, when he enlisted, what became of him, and the officers under whom he served. After the close of the war, times were exceptionally prosperous over the entire country. Waverly shared with other towns the reaction, and an increase in trade, population, and importance, was the result. All these years it had, however, lacked that important factor of any town a railroad. A movement for the construction of a line from the county- seat to the Chicago and Alton Road on the south, with a further southern terminus, was vigorously agitated. It resulted in the construction of the Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern Railroad. It was completed in the Summer of 1871, and opened from Jacksonville to Virden, on the main line of the Alton road. The day it reached Waverly was made a gala day by the inhabitants of the town, to whom the completion of this route was no small item of interest in their prosperit}'-. Waverly gave in private subscriptions nearly $50,000, and as a corpora- tion, about $30,000 additional. Before the opening of the rail- road, no grain was purchased here save that used in the flouring mills. In 1872, an elevator was built, and the shipment of grain began. It now averages several car loads daily. Stock yards were also constructed, and stock which formerly went to Jacksonville or Alton markets, now is shipped from Waverly. Business of all kinds increased with the opening of the railroad, and at present rivals several towns of better commercial advantages. The government of Waverly has always been under the control of a Board of Trustees, elected' annually. The town was incorporated under the general State law, and under that incorporation maintained its legal existence until April 16, 1878. The officers elected that day were : Mayor, Henry M. Miller ; Clerk, J. H. Goldsmith ; Treasurer, Wm. A. Hutchison ; Attorney, J. W. Arnett ; Aldermen, A. L. Kimber, F. H. Wemple, W. E. Meacham, B. L. Carter, N. J. Stratton, and John Haisley. By this vote of the citizens it came under the form of a city government. By the census taken then to determine the legality of this step, there were found to be over two thousand persons in the town, hence it dropped its old name of town, and is hereafter to be known as a city. The educational advantages of Waverly have always kept pace with, HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 425 and in many seasons were much better than the commercial advantages. The seminary had an extensive reputation as a high school. The build- ing was used for all grades of pupils, and the town schools held therein several years. Being inconvenient to all parts of the village, after the passage of the State Common School law, and the sale of the seminary in 1863, two smaller buildings were erected in town. These were used for school purposes until the completion of the present school building, in 1867. It is a commodious brick structure, capable of accommodating about two hundred pupils. A superintendent and three teachers are employed, and school is regularly sustained from six to nine months, during the year. The town contains six churches. The Congregational was organized June 15, 1836, by J. M. Sturtevant, D.D., having but ten members at the time ; they were : Cyrus Tanner, Joseph A. Tanner, Asa Eastman, Theodore E. Curtiss, Elisha S. Tanner, Mrs. Ora Tanner, Lucy Swift, Lucy Tanner, Hulda L. Tanner, and Susan E. Tanner. The Church was organized in a private house, after which the seminary was used. Rev. Elisha Jenney came in 1837, and was pastor of the church until Novem- ber, 1839. The next pastor was Rev. C. G. Selleck, who came in January, 1842, and remained until November, 1845 three years. In January, 1846, the following year, Rev. Rollin Mears was installed, and resigned in 1847. Rev. Alvin M. Dixon was next chosen pastor ; was installed in January, 1848, and resigned April, 1850. The following January, 1851, Rev. James Weller was installed, remaining until May, 1856, when he resigned. The installation of Rev. William D. Sanders took place in September, 1856 ; he was pastor of the church for over two years, resign- ing in March, 1858. Rev. Henry M. Tupper nexc supplied the pulpit ; was installed January, 1859, and resigned about the year 1860. The present pastor is Rev. Charles W. Clapp, who was installed in October, 1871 ; the church has a membership of about one hundred and seventy ; there having been about four hundred and sixty-two persons connected with it since its organization. The congregation used the seminary until the present church was erected. It was completed early 1851, and on the 5th of February in that year was dedicated, Rev. J. M. Sturtevant preaching the dedicatory sermon. The Baptist Church was organized August 11, 1855, with twenty- nine members, at the house of Willis E. Meacham, by Rev. J. M. Wells. For a while they held divine services in the seminary and in the Episcopal Church. The latter edifice they occupied about three years. In the Fall of 1863, they began the erection of a house of worship, which they completed in the Summer of 1866, and dedicated in June of that year. Rev. Wells was the first pastor. His successors have been the Rev's D. Ketzmiller, A. S. Denison, David Lewis, F. C. Hart, George R. Guild under whose pastorate the church was erected J. H. Spann, J. W. Place, J. W. Wells, M. C. Davenport, M. C. Clark, and Rev. Davenport, who is now pastor. The membership is now one hundred and twenty, more than four hundred having been connected with this church since its organization The Episcopal Church is one of the oldest in Waverly. In 1838, Rev. Charles Dresser, of Springfield, an Episcopal clergyman, came to the town. He found a few members professing the principles of this 426 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. denomination. He at first found S. G. M. Allis and Mrs. Anna Phelps. When the church was organized shortly after his first visit the com- municants were: Theodore Watson, Owen Maynard, Stephen G. M. Allis, Ann C. Allis, George Knapp, Susanna Knapp, Fanny Root, Anne Phelps, Sarah Ann Barker, and Sophia Watson. Soon after the organization of this church a house of worship was erected, which is yet occupied. The congregation has at times only been able to support a regular pastor, and now sustains but an irregular ministry. The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized about 1840. The circuit riders of this denomination were among the earliest white men in this part of Morgan County, and held services in the cabins of the settlers several years before Waverly was contemplated. Soon after the town was laid out they were here occupying the religious field ; for a while they used the seminary and the Episcopal Church built about 1845 and in 1846, before the erection of their own house of worship. It was sufficiently finished in 1848 *to accommodate a congregation, and was completed a year or two after. This house of worship they used until 1867, when, becoming too small for the growing congregation, it was sold to the Catholics. They then entered their present large brick church, which they had just completed. It was dedicated by Rev. Thomas Eddy ; is the finest church in Waverly, and is well attended ; the congregation is the largest in town, the present membership being two hundred and fifty. The Catholic Church comprises a membership scattered throughout the township. Until 1867 they had no organization, though nearly twenty families- of this denomination were within church-going distance of Waverly. That year, through the efforts of their leading members and the Bishop at Alton, a congregation was organized, and they purchased the Methodist house of worship. This, they they still use, supporting monthly services. The Christian Church has been in active existence about twenty-two years. As its early records are very imperfect, but little can be learned of its history. The first minister was Rev. D. P. Henderson. The church is succeeding well at present, and sustains a regular ministry. The Press. The G-azette was established in Waverly on or about the first of June, 1809, by M. J. Abbott and W. D. Pemberton ; Mr. Pember- ton selling his interest to Mr. Abbott in the Fall of the same year. The paper was continued by Mr. Abbott in his own name, until July, 1870, when he sold the press and material to Mr. Richard Ballenger, of Virclen, who re- moved it to that place. In April, 1872, Mr. John H. Goldsmith purchased the press and material of Mr Ballenger, removed it back to Waverly, and on the 2d day of May, 1872, issued the first number of the Waverly Times. The publication of the Times was continued until November of the same year, when it suspended until August, 1873 ; then it was again resuscitated by Mr. Goldsmith, and had a short existence of only three months. On or about the first of May, 1874, Mr. W. T. Lakin purchased the Times material, and published fifty-two numbers retaining the former heading when it again suspended, Lakin leaving the press and material to fall back to the parties from whom he purchased. On the 24th day of May 1876, Mr. R. V. Mallory bought the material, and on HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 427 the 9th day of June issued the first number of The Morgan County Journal. On the first of December, 1876, Mr. M. M. Meacham, the present proprietor, purchased one-half interest in the paper of Mr. Mallory, and came into full possession of the office July 9, 1877. The Journal has a circulation of about seven hundred, and is gradually increasing ; it circulates principally among the farming communities of Morgan, Macoupin, Sangamon, Scott, and Greene Counties. It is a first-class advertising medium, now entering its third volume ; neutral in politics, and is published on Saturday of each week at $1.50 per year. Milton M. Meacham is publisher and proprieter, and John H. Goldsmith, editor. MURRAYVILLE Is twelve miles south of Jacksonville, on the Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad. It was surveyed and platted January 4th, 1858, for Samuel Murray, Esq., by Wm. McPherson, who was, at that time, county sur- veyor. The location of a town here first originated in the mind of Wm. Purcell, who was at the time of the building of the C. & A. Railroad one of the contractors of the road. In 1858, Mr. Purcell erected the first dwelling house in the town. The second house was built by Mr. Thomas Cunningham, who opened a grocery store in his house, the first stock of goods in the town being hauled on a wagon by Mr. John Murray, son of the founder of the town. The first building erected for a store was by James McKean, who has done much toward the building up of the town. A post-office was established here in 1859. Mr. McKean was appointed postmaster, at the same time being merchant, and depot agent. In 1859, Mr. Henry Whalen moved to Murray ville and opened a blacksmith shop, which from time to time has been enlarged. Mr. Whalen continues to follow his trade. The business of the town increasing, the railroad com- pany built a large depot and warehouse in 1863, and soon after estab- lished a telegraph office. About this time the shipping of live stock from this place became quite an item, and Mr. Samuel Murray established yards for the better facility of loading and unloading stock. Dr. G. S. Smith, of Jacksonville now residing in Bloomington opened a drug-store here in 1863. He at the same time practiced his profession, and was the first physician in the place. About this time an effort was made to change the name of the town to " latan," and by this name it was known for some time, but its first name was the one by which it was better known and which is now retained. Geo. M. Quackenbush opened the first sad- dle and harness shop, in 1865, and continues in business. The first brick building here was erected by Joseph Hornbeck. The store has had dif- ferent occupants. In 1867, W. D. Henry opened a drug-store and was doing a good business when his entire stock and buildings were lost by a fire which destroyed the business of the young merchant. I. G. Beadle & Son opened a dry goods store in 1865, and are still in business. Mr. C. N. McEvers, in 1873, opened, for the accommodation of the traveling public the McEvers House, which is the present hotel. In 1874, Mr. Robert McNeal opened a large agricultural implement wareroom and in connection with it a blacksmith shop. Mr. Wm. Davis, in 1867, opened a furniture and undertaking establishment, and is still doing a good busi- ness. In May, 1877, Mr. Worcester, of Greene County, opened a private 428 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. banking house, which is doing a good local business. The present Jus- tice of the Peace is Esquire Alexander McClung, who was elected in 1860, and held the office continuously since that time. The town gov- ernment is vested in a Board of Trustees. In L860, the Presbyterians erected a house of worship. The first pastor was the Rev. Noah Bishop, who afterward removed to Ironton, Missouri, where he preached for sev- eral years, and died there at a good old age greatly beloved by all who knew him. In 1868, the Methodist Episcopals and the Baptists erect- ed two handsome churches, Messrs. John and Wm. Murray being the contractors for their erection. For the first few years in the history of this town the children attended school at an old building a short distance north of town, but at the close of the war, a number of wealthy farmers settled in Murrayville and the school population was increased suffi- ciently to warrant the erection of a new school building. This house was opened in the town in 1866, and the attendance since that time has been good. There are now in school about one hundred and fifty pupils. FRANKLIN Is one of the oldest settlements in Morgan County. It was laid out by Wm. Woods, John Wyatt, and Walter Butler, April 7, 1832. The first houses were of the kind in vogue all over the country at that time. Mr. Manning Mayfield kept a general stock of goods, the first in the place, in a small log building, erected for the purpose. As the town grew, this primitive affair gave way to a frame structure in which Mr. A. C. Woods, of the firm of Woods, Simmons & Co., of Jacksonville, opened a stock of goods and continued in business for sixteen years. Messrs. Hinrichsen & Reinbach erected a small brick store for the sale of general merchandise, and transacted business together for several years, when Mr. Reinbach purchased the interest of his partner and continued the business until his decease, in 1845. A large grist and saw mill was erected by Joel Lankton, who in after years sold it to McCollough, Coons & Kincade. It is doing a good business. In 1850 Waller, Mansfield & Co. erected a flouring mill. After several years, changes in the firm were made ; the present firm being Mansfield, Bro. & Hustin. In 1865, they built a large brick mill, and in connection with it, a wool carding room. The first tavern was kept by Colonel J. P. Wright, who began business in a log cabin, as early as 1836. He continued as landlord for thirty years, improving the style of architecture of his house, as time went on. In 1871, the Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern Railroad, was finished from Jacksonville to Franklin and shortly afterward to Virden, thereby giving to Franklin railroad communication, which gave fresh impetus to the growth of the town. There are now three dry goods and grocery stores, kept by Langly & Pulling, J. M. Coons, and Geo. Hart, which are all doing a fair busi- ness. There are two boot and shoe shops, kept by J. M. Hocking, and Robert Lowry. The drug-store of the town is owned by Messrs. A. H. Wright & Co. Mr. Jacob Dickinson, one of the oldest settlers in the town, has a merchant tailoring establishent. Mr. Dickinson is also postmaster. The four physicians of the place are, Drs. Smith, Tandy, Clark, and Hill. The first school in Franklin was taught by Rev. Newton Cloud. Mr. Win. Woods afterward became teacher of this school, which in after years HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 429 became quite a feature of the town. At present there is a neat school building for school purposes. The pupils in attendance number about one hundred. About the time the town was platted, the Methodists erected a log church, which was used until 1840, when it was torn-down, and a neat brick structure erected in its place. This house was destroyed in 1860, by a gale of wind, and the present frame building took its place. It is not now remembered who was the first preacher, in the log church. After the erection of the brick build- ing, in 1840, Rev. John Mathers in after years one of the mayors of Jacksonville became the pastor, and continued as such for several years. On the completion of the frame building, in 1860, Rev. W. J. Newman became pastor. He has been followed by Rev's Jos. Lane, R. C. Nor- ton, Robert Clark, G. W. Bates, J. C. Hobbs, J. Dickens, Adon Carlos, and S. H. Clark. Franklin is sixteen miles east of Jacksonville. It is situated in the midst of a fine agricultural region, and ships large quan- tities of grain. WOODSON Is situated on the Chicago and Alton Railroad about seven miles south of Jacksonville. It was laid out May 2, 1859, for Richard Henry and Joseph Adams, at which' time the farming community experienced con- siderable trouble in taking their produce to market, and it was this fact, chiefly, that led to the laying out of the town. At this date the road-bed of the Chicago and Alton Railroad, then the Jacksonville and St. Louis, was completed, and the residents were gratified over the fact that ere long trains of cars would be passing through the proposed town. At this time Judge D. M. Woodson was president of the proposed railroad, and in honor of him the village received its name. In 1858, prior to the laying out of the town, Dr. E. B. Buckner located here, but afterward married and removed to Missouri. Dr. Geo. W. Miller appears to have been the next physician here, locating in 1872. He is still a resident of the town. The first lot in Woodson was sold by Richard Henry, Esq., to Mr. B. L. Hatcher, for $50. On this lot Mr. Hatcher erected a building which lie occupied as a dwelling, and in which he opened a store. Columbus H;iirgrove,a wandering Kentuckian, opened, in a little cabin in the south part of town, the first store in the village. His principal commodities were bacon and molasses. In 1863, the government established a post-office, and appointed Mr. John T. Henry postmaster. Early in 1864 Mr. Henry built a depot and was appointed railroad agent. He siill retains both positions. In 1865, an Englishman, Mr. Charles Bosomworth, opened the first blacksmith shop in the village. In 1869, Mr. Smith Bail erected, and began work in another shop, the second in the town. With the rapid increase in population the "old log cabin " school house, with its crude puncheon floor, and rough benches, the relics of long, ago, were thought to be inadequate to meet the wants of a well-reg- ulated and efficient school. In 1867, a building sufficiently large to meet the wants of the growing school population was erected. The board of directors consisted of Messrs. J. H. Self, Joseph Adams, and W. D. Henry. A good school has since been regulary sustained. 430 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. In 1869, the " Christians " built a neat church edifice, Elder E. G. Rice preaching the dedication sermon, and Elder Osborn officiated during the first year as pastor. A grain elevator was erected in 1869 by J. H. Self, Esq., an enter- prising stock dealer and fanner. The business proved unremunerative and was discontinued in 1873. Woodson precinct was formed in 1868 for the convenience of voters living in its vicinity. The judges of the first election were : J. H. Self, Jesse Henry, arid John H. Reaugh. M. J. Clarihan, Esq., an Irish Repub- lican, cast the first vote. At this election E. R. Henry, Esq., was elected justice of the peace. He still retains that office. In 1877 a tile factory was established by Mr. Loyd A. Craig, and Mr. H. Bahne. In the latter part of the year the firm dissolved part- nership, Mr. Craig continuing the business. Woodson contains about two hundred inhabitants. It is surrounded by a good farming community and does a good business in the shipping of grain and live stock. CHAPIN Was laid out by Lyman and Horace Chapin, April 13, 1858. Previous to this date, the Wabash Railroad Company made' a stopping-place here, but there was at this time no houses at the place. At that time it was known as " Concord Station." The first building erected here was a grain warehouse, by Messrs. Chapin & Cooper, in 1857. The first store was a grocery and dry goods hoase, the proprietors being Turner & Dan- iels. They bought the lot on which they erected their house of the Messrs. Chapin, paying for it 1100. The founders of the town built several tenement houses, which they rented, and in this way a town was started. Dr. D. K. Burnham moved to Chapin and erected a dwelling, and began the practice of his profession shortly after the town was laid out. Mr. Patrick Daly opened the first blacksmith shop in the town, and Mr. Frank Hogan the first hotel. Shortly after the building of the warehouse, Mr. Cooper disposed of his interest in it to his partners, and opened a dry-goods store, which store was burned during the Winter of 1877-8. Mr. Cooper has since erected another building, and has taken his son into the business with him as partner. Mr. J. N. Ebey began the manufacture of pottery-ware in Chapin in 1859, but not meeting with success, he moved to Winchester, where he is now engaged in business. The firm of Neely & Co. opened a coal-shaft in Chapin in 1872, and after meeting with success for a time, the business was abandoned, as the vein of coal was not of sufficient depth to justify working it. There are several stores, a wagon shop, meat market, and a few other business houses, in Chapin, but its trade mostly goes to Jacksonville, ten miles east. In 1870, the Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad was completed, crossing the Wabash road at Chapin. This road gives direct communication with St. Louis and Chi- cago. In 1858, a school house was built a half-mile north of the town, on the land of Samuel French. Esq., but the demand for more room was such, that in the following year a larger and better building was erected in the town. This school is now in successful operation, and has a good attendance. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 431 The Congregationalists, in 18 ,'9, erected a church edifice, which they afterward sold to the Christians. It is still occupied by the latter denomination. The Protestant Methodists built a house of worship in 1870, where they continue to have services. Of the founders of Chapin, Mr. Horace Chapin removed to Jacksonville, where he was for a time proprietor of the Daily Journal. Mr. Lyman Chapin still resides on his farm, on the outskirts of Chapin. This being the junction of two rail- roads, it is quite a shipping point; large quantities of grain being annually sent to market from here, and some live stock, though not so much as in former years. No better land is found in the county than that in the vicinity of Chapin. CONCORD Is situated in the northwestern part of the count}', on the Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad. About 1844, members of the Con- gregational Church living in this part of the county, began to consider the expediency of erecting a house of worship for their use, and selected the site of the present village for its location. It was then simply a cross-roads, the adjacent fields being under cultivation. A church was built during the summer and autumn of that year, and not long after- ward, a parsonage was erected. Prior to the building of this church, meetings for divine worship were held in the houses of different mem- bers. When it was completed, Mrs. Samuel French, who had taken a deep interest in its erection, suggested that the name of the new church be "Concord," in remembrance of her native place, Concord, New Hampshire. Rev. Mr. Alvord was the minister at this time. His wife taught school in their house soon after their arrival. The church and school formed a nucleus around which a town gradually gathered. In 1850, Mr. Wilder D. Fairbanks erected a store on one of the corners, and soon after a blacksmith-shop was built on another. These and the par- sonage and church occupied the " Four Corners," which name gave way to that of the church, by which the village has always been known. On June 1st of the same year that Mr. Fairbanks opened his store, Mr. David Fuller laid out the town, still retaining the old name. For a time the place grew well. One or two stores were also built, a shoe-shop, another blacksmith-shop were added, some dwellings were erected, and the place began to assume an air of village life. The town has not grown much of late years. The Methodist, Presbyterian, and Christian denominations have erected comfortable houses of worship, and now sus- tain regular preaching. In 1864, the Congregationalists disposed of their church which is now used as a store and erected one on " Joy Prairie," where they still maintain regular religious services. The Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad was completed in the Summer of 1870, and gave to the village a better mode of communi- cation with other portions of the country. The growth of the village was little augmented by the advent of the railroad. Its trade is with the surrounding country. Considerable grain is shipped thence to the markets of Chicago and St. Louis. 432 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. LYNNVILLE. Is a small town in the western part of the county, five miles from Jack- sonville. It was laid out Nov. 3, 1831, by Nimrod Funk and James Holmes, on land which belonged to them. The first store in town was opened by Edward Shirtcliff. The first postmaster was William Gordon. His successors have been James Gordon, Thomas Beaty and John Gor- don, the latter being the present incumbent. Other storekeepers have been Win. Smith, Wm. Gordon and Thomas Swales, all of whom kept stores characteristic of their times. One year before the town was laid out a tread-mill for grinding grain was erected by Adam Allison. The same year a school house was built in this vicinty. Before the erection of the school building William Brisbine had taught at his own home in this neighborhood. The old school house, built in 1830, has been superseded by a more modern structure in which the village school is now taught. The first preacher in this vicinity was Peter Cartwright, who visited this settlement at an early day. In 1839 the Christians erected a house of worship. They still maintain a good congregation. About 1843 the Methodists built a church in the village and still maintain religious ser- vices. The Rev. William Rutledge of Jacksonville, preached in this vicinity for many years. At Allison's Mound, a. short distance north of Lynnville a settlement was made in the Spring of 1820, by Dr. Caldwell and Mr. Olmstead. At the former's house the first court in Morgan County was held. Early settlers in the township in which Lynnville is situated, were H. M. Liebe, William Coultas, and Wm. Gordon. The first child born was Elizabeth York. The first marriage was that of Charles Harrell to Miss L. Caldwell. The first death was that of the wife of Charles Harrell. The town contains abouttwo hundred and fifty inhabitants. It has enjoyed its share of local trade, and at one time was doing a good business. The village derived its name from the Linn grove near where it is situated. PRENTICE. This town lies twelve miles north of Jacksonville, on the Chicago and Alton Railroad. It was laid out June 27, 1857, for Mr. Pat- terson Hall and James G. Fox, and his brother. In an early day Mr. Hall's father bought an old horse mill, neur this place, and, after remodeling it, run it for many years. To this mill settlers came from all parts of the country. The old mill, after good service, wore out, and was replaced by one more modern, which was used until February, 1878, when it was destroyed by fire. The farmers about Prentice and other parts of the county, have, for many years, made stock feeding their principal occu- pation. Within the last year or two they have changed from this to the raising of corn, and as a consequence there will be shipped from Prentice, by Mr. Wash. Graff, a grain dealer,"about one hundred and fifty thou- sand bushels of corn the present year. The village now contains two stores, a post-office, blacksmith shop, school, and a dozen residences. About two miles south is the " Berea Church." It was erected in the autumn of 1855, by the " Christians." HISTORY OP MORGAN COUNTY. 433 It is near the head of the south fork of Indian Creek, and is a frame build- ing, costing $1,600. The society was organized on the 15th of August, 1852, with a membership of twenty-five. Of these, only four are now living in the vicinity, and of the sixty-five enrolled during the first two years, only twelve are now living. Much of the early success of this church was due to the aid and counsel of the late Elder W. W. Happy, of Jacksonville. Of the early and prominent laymen who were identified with the church, Joel and Isaac Robinson, Benjamin Mclntyre and Dr. John C. Cobbs, are worthy of special mention. Of these, all are dead excepting Mr. Joel Robinson. The various ministers of this church have been Elders Charles Rowe, Albert Hickox, James G. Cox, A. Simms, C. G. Jones, Wm. R. Grant, John Boston. The total membership since its organiza- tion has been two hundred and sixty -two. ALEXANDER Was surveyed for Edward S. Heinrichsen, February 13, 1857. It was named after Mr. John T. Alexander, who owned vast tracts of land in its immediate vicinity. Soon after the town was laid out, the Toledo, Wabash and Western Railroad made a station of it, and a building belong- ing to Mr. Heinrichsen was used for a depot, he being the station agent, which position he held until 1876. The government establishing a post- office here the year the town was surveyed, appointed Mr. Thomas Brunk postmaster. He occupied a brick building erected by Mr. Hein- richsen adjoining the depot building. George La Rue built a hotel in 1857, which is still occupied by hir, widow. A store and shop or two were also added to the growing town, and a few residences were erected. The town has been an excellent point for the shipment of grain and live stock. From the year 1857, to 1872, the shipment of live stock averaged two thousand car loads per year; or more than thirty thousand car loads. Since the later date the farmers have paid more attention to the raising of grain, and the stock shipments have been about five hundred cars a year. An elevator is in course of erection. During the last year 1877, more than one hundred thousand bushels of grain were shipped from Alexander. A school house was built in 1858, which is still used. In 1865, a union church was built, which has been occupied principally by the Methodists. NEELYVILLE Is a small town in the western part of the county, fifteen miles from Jacksonville. The town was located April 20, 1865, by Messrs. Jona- than and James Neely, who owned the land, and opened a coal shaft in the vicinity. From this place all of the coal used on the Wabash railroad, and in the towns along its route from Quincy to Danville, was procured for several years. When the shaft was first opened quite a number of miners were employed. These men boarded at Van Gundy a town which was near the present town of Bluff City, in Scott County. The firm name was afterward changed, Mr. Royal Moore, of Naples, becoming a partner. Messrs. H. N. & C. Ridgly afterward became connected with the business. For some time the business paid twenty per cent, on its capital- f 100,000. The business was finally abandoned, owing to the 434 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. failure of the coal beds. Several stores have had an existence in this town but at present one or two do all the business in the place. Mr. William Bennie is the merchant, and keeps a good stock of articles usually found in a country store. ARCADIA. This town which at first was called New Lexington lies about eight miles north of Jacksonville, and is about three miles west of Liter- berry. It was laid out about the year 1829, by 'Squire Bristow. When Dr. Morrison, the first physician in the place, located there in 1831, the town contained three grocery stores, which were kept respectively by Win. Vance, Mr. Dougherty, and Mr. Carson. The first minister in the place was Father Simons, a Protestant Methodist clergyman, a man well known in this part of the county. There was a school at this time, a mile or two from the town. In addition to the grocery stores already mentioned, there was one blacksmith shop; these, and some half dozen residences, comprised the town which has never increased in growth. After the advent of the railroads, the business of the town was taken elsewhere. The change in the name was made by an act of the legis- lature, February 12, 1853. BETHEL Was laid out for Samuel and Catherine Whitley, and recorded April 8, 18:io. It has been a town of considerable note, but railroads have destroyed its prosperity. A store, ;md a shop or two, and a few dwel- lings, were erected here. A post-office was established soon after the commencement of the village, and for some time a good local trade was maintained. The building of the Northern Cross Railroad, in 1838, greatly retarded its prosperity, and for a while its trade almost entirely ceased. Mr. Archibald C. Wads worth, now a merchant of Jacksonville, and John Wallahan, opened a small store in Bethel, in 1844. They came from St. Louis in a peddling wagon. They remained in business for some time, enjoj'ing a very good trade. The town being off the railroad, could not compete with others more fortunately situated, and it has never attained to any size. A village school and church Methodist are sustained. MORGAN CITY Was laid out May 24, 1839, by Messrs. Charles Collins and Myron Leslie. It was the intention of its founders to have the county seat removed there, but in this design they were frustrated. It was for some time the eastern terminus of the Northern Cross Railroad. A few stores were erected there, which, for some time, did a fair business, but Bethel, a few miles north, being by several years the older place, got most of the trade, and Morgan City as a city proved a failure. No business is now transacted there, and, except being a railroad station, Morgan City is of the past. HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. 435 LITERBERRY Is a small town on the Peoria, Pekin and Jacksonville Railroad, nine miles north of Jacksonville. It was laid out May 22, 1869, by Jonas Liter. The stores are two in number, one a general store, kept by Mr. J. B. Baxter, who is also postmaster and station agent, the other a drug- store,, owned by Griffin & Goodpasture. There is also a wagon and blacksmith shop in the town. There is a good school, which is well attended. The Union Baptist Association have a neat frame church, in which occasional services are held. This is quite a shipping point for grain and live stock. The town is growing, and may become an important country town. ORLEANS. In 1856, Robert S. Anderson was keeping a store at a place about eight miles east of Jacksonville. Mr. E. S. Heinrichsen endeavored to have a town laid out there, but being discouraged, he went two miles further east and laid out the present town of Alexander. Shortly after- ward, Mr. Michael Heinrichsen brother of E S. Heinrichsen laid out the town on land belonging to Robert and John Smith, Septimus Steven- son, and James Strawn, and gave it the name, " Orleans." That year a vast quantity of grain was raised, and shipped from that place. It has at present a stone post-office, and a few dwellings. But little trade is carried on here, Alexander being what Orleans might have been, had the endeavors of Mr. Heinrichsen met with success. PISGAH. In 1832, a log church building was erected by some Presbyterian founders, six miles east of Jacksonville, to which the name Pisgah was given. Occasional services were held until 1883, when Rev. Win. Gal- laher became the pastor. In 1839 a new frame building was erected to take the place of the old log structure. Rev. Gallaher continued as pas- tor for a term of thirty-three years, when he was succeeded by his nephew, Rev. Thomas Gallaher. He, in time, was succeeded by Rev. W. D. Sanders, who continued for several years. The present pastor is Rev. W. N. Steele. From this church the station on the J.,N.W. & S.E. Rail- road, derives its name. This is merely a railroad station, containing a depot and warehouse. Considerable shipping is done from this station, consisting mostly of grain, of which large quantities are raised in the immediate neighborhood. WOODLYN Is a small station on the Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern Railroad, seven miles from Jacksonville. The station was made for the accommodation of the public living in the neighborhood. On the com- pletion of the railroad through that section of the country, Judge Samuel Wood erected a depot building and warehouse. The sta'ion takes its name from its projector, Judge Wood, who is a large land owner, and 436 HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY. cattle shipper, residing one mile from the station. About two hundred car loads of grain and live stock are shipped from here annually. Judge Wood being the principal shipper. SINCLAIR Is a small station on the Chicago and Alton Railroad, seven miles north of Jacksonville. It was laid out Nov. 9, 1857, by Mr. Samuel Sin- clair. It is in the midst of a fine farming region, and is a good shipping point, there being more than thirty-five thousand bushels of grain shipned from there during the } T ear.l877. The first church in the town u Hebron Church " was erected in 1835, of logs, and was soon after enlarged, and in 1857 was replaced by the present church. Owing to the fact of the town being near older and larger places, it has not grown much. At present it contains only the church, doctor's office and residence, a black- smith shop, a store, and the post-office. YATESVILLE Was laid out July 16, 1857, by Joseph Hayes and J. R. Bennett. It is fifteen miles north of Jacksonville, on the Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad. At one time there was a store, blacksmith shop, and several residences. Owing to its being so near Prentice, it has not been a stopping place for trains of late years, all of its trade being clone at Prentice. It is in the midst of a fine farming region. Large quantities of grain are shipped from the neighborhood of Yatesville, mostly to Chicago. ABBREVIATONS. Adj Adjutant I Lieut Lieutenant Art Artillery in.o mustered out Col Colonel mustered daieof inns er Capt ''aptaln pris : prisoner Corp Corporal Cav Cavalry disch disch at gecl e enlisted < pi red li< honorably Inf Infantry Inv invalid kltl killed >ted d>-s deserted Regt Regi inent rank date of rank re-enl re-enlisted Sergt Sergeant transf transferred vet veteran TENTH (three months) INFANTRY. COMPANY B. Col. Chas. H. Adams. Major, ciias. H. Adams, rank May 31. '61. pro. Lieut. Col. re-entered three years service, as Lieut. Col. 1st III. Civ. Capt. Chas. H. Adiins. rank Apr. 9. '61, pro. Capt. John W. Kinir, rank June 1, '61 Firs- Lieut. John W. King, rank Apr. 29. '61. pro. First Lieut. Thos. \V. Smith, rank June 1, '61, re- entered three years service Second Lieut. Thos. W. Smith, rank Apr. 29, '61, piO. Residences of non-commissioned officers, and pri- vates, not given in Adj. Gen. report. COMPANY G. Capt. McLean F. Wood, rank Apr. 22, '61, re-en- tered three years service First Lieut. James Mitchell, rank Apr. 22, '61 Second Lieur. James F. Longley. rank Apr. 23. '61 Residences of non-commissioned officers, and pri- vates, not given in Adj. Gen. report. EIGHTH INFANTRY. COMPANY B. PRIVATES. Chandler Henry W. e. Aug. 8, '61, re-enl. as vet. VETERANS. Chandler Henry W. e. Dec. 26, '65, pro. 1st Sergt. in. o. May 4, '66 COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Meyer Henry, e. Jan. 5. '64. accidentally kid. on cars, near Marshal, Tex., Nov. 29, '65 NINTH INFANTRY. COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Sloan George, kid. Shiloh, Apr. 6, '62 NINTH (Consolidated.) INFANTRY. COMPANY G. Corp. John H. Burdett, e. Jan. 1, '64 PRIVATES. Benjamin John W. e. Jan. 1. '64 Benj imin Geo. T. e. Mar. 18, '64 Rader Hiram, e. Jan. 1. '64 Richards David, .-. Fell, 19, '64. m. o. July 9, '65 Sargent James M. e. Jan. 1, '64, disch. June 28, '65 Watt Win. J. e. Apr. 11, '64, m. o. July 9, '65 TENTH INFANTRY. HISTORY. The Tenth Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was or- ganized and mustered Into United Slates service at Cairo. Illinois. April 29. 1861. I>.V Capt. Pope; 15. M. Prentiss Colonel; James D. Morgan, Lieut. Colonel, and Charles H. Adami. M;ijor. It was composed of seven companies of infantry, and three of cavalry. These comp mies had beeuat Cairo since the 20th. garrisoning the place. The regiment remained at Cairo during the three months service, during which time expeditions were made to rear of Columbus in June, and to Ben- tO'>. Mo., in July. The regiment was mustered into United States service, for three years, July 29, 1861. by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, and remained at Cairo and Bird's Point during the win er. taking part in January, 1862. in the movement, made by Gen. Grant, t<> the rear of Columbus. March first, in connection with Seventh Cavalry, scattered Jeff Thompson's guer- rillas, at Sykestown, Mo., taking several prisoners, and two giins. Dur.ng the month it was sent to Gen. Pope's army, at New Madrid. On the night of the 12th it advanced on New Mad- rid, driving in the enemy's pickets, at right shoul- der shift arms, and without firing a shut. 15> fore morning earthworks were tin own up. and four guns planted, under the flre of five gunboats, and Forts Thompson and Pillow. Our loss was one captain and two men killed. New Madrid was evacuated that night. On the night of April 7th, crossed tlie-river, below New Madrid, and intercepted the retreating forces from Island No. 10. Causing the surrender at Tip- tonville, of Gen. Mackall and 2.500 men, and secur- ing a large amount of artillery anil small arms. The movement resulted in the capture of over 6.000 prisoners. 13fh of April to Fort Pillow; 18th returned, nnd passing un the Tennesee river, landed at Hamburg, op the 24th. Took part in all the contests of (Jen. Pope's army I'M moving on Crinth <>P the 30rh, and 8th of May. was under fire of the works of Corinth, Atfer Struggling through Four Mile Swamp on the 3rd, had a brisk skir- mish, capturing fifteen, and killing thirty, of the en-'iuy. Our loss, one killed, and five wounded. Was in all the movements resulting in the capture of Corir.th, and pursuitof enemy to Hnopeviile. Col. Smith took comm Mid of the brigade. The regi- ment lay at Big Springs, during the months of .Inpe and July, and un the 21sl of July, marched to Tus- cinnbia. Thence, under Gen. Palmer, as division commander, marched via Florence. Athens, and Columbus, to Nashville. Lost by guerrlllRS, five men, killed. Reaching Nashville, Sept. 12th, re- mained there duringthe blockade. 1'articipatcd in the repulse of the enemy. Nov. 5th, lost two. killed. Assigned to Mitchell's division. Thomas' corps. Army of the Cumberland, and remained in Nash- ville until July, 1863, and was thn placed in Smith's brigade, Morgan's division. Granger's re- serve corps. 438 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. . Atli Sf Cavalry u iv iiun. ui live Yiit:cirr's * it viiir) 1 1 um me valley. From thence, on the 24th of ()er., in .Mor- gan's brigade. Davis' division. Palmer's Fourth-nth army corps to Igo's Ferry.on the Tennessee; thence to Cii Id ell's. Nov. 2+. crossed on pontoons, supporting General Sherm m's a'tack on the left of Mission Ridge. Pursued on the 25th, Hardee's retreating column, who were brought to bay at ChickHmanga Sratiou. Captured twenty of their rear guard. Followed the retreating enemy as t.tr as Ringold; thence moved via Cleveland. Charlestovvn, London, and Morgan- town, to within fifteen miles of Knoxville; thence 10 C iluin'tus. on the Hiawassie Riv> r. Returning to Chattanooga, wmr Into winter quaiters in the rear of Rossville. Georgia. . On the 1st of January, 1864, the regiment re-en- listed HS veterans. 394 men started for home Jan. 11, 1864. Regiment left Illinois for the Held again i'i February, 1864, commanded by Colonel John Tillson. ( No history of Tenth for 1864 on file in the Adju- tant-General's office). The Tenth lav at Beaufort. S. C., from Jan. 9 to 13. when it moved with the division (Mower's First division) to Hocotaligo, on Charleston and Savan- nah Railroad. Remained there until the 30th, attempting on the 20th and 26th to cross the Salka- hatchie. but failing on account of high w iter. On th 30Mi. in 'ved up on the right bank of the river, and effected a crossing ac River's Bridge on the 3d, with a loss of f'irty men. TheT'iird brigade, lo which the Tenth was at- tached, was in i he advance, and lust about 125 men. The crossing wasd ffionlt. a'id obstinately contested. Tne swamp, a mile wide, and wi'h many streams to cross, ihe \va er ice cold, and from o e to five feec deep. We were in it from 7 a. in. till dark. Gen. Howard, who was present, pronounced it "The best tiling of the war." The regiment marched to Midway, on the Augusta and Charleston Riilroad. 9th crossed South Eilisto at Binicker's bridge, throwing a pontoon over it in the fac* of the enemy, and wading after dark ove>- one-third of a mill 1 through the "lake." tf.ok t e position of the enemy in the flank, drove them from their entrenchments, and captured sev- eral pri oners, and one caisson. Passing wi'h the army through Orangeburg to Columbia, Winnsb >ro. and Clieraw, skirmishing and destroying railroad, thence to Fayetteville, March llth. There the regiment was detached to lay pontoons over Cape Fear River, which was done, and lodgment effected fora brigade on the opposite bank. Tne enemy's cavalry was driven back with a loss tothem of one lieutenant and five men killed. Thence with renewed skirmishing, we pushed toward Goldsboro and when fie Fourteenth corps was a tacked at Bentonville. we joined it by a forced nigiit's march, and took pa r t in the battle of the 20th and 21*t. On the latter day. our division, with i he 64th Illinois sharpshooters on the s'urmish line got In on Johnson's rear, and captured part of bis headqiiarter'S material Our division success- fully resisted the attack of Hardee's whole c.irps. The' loss to the regiment on this occasion was about 60. and to the brigade over 100. being one-fourth of the loss of the whole Army of the Te inessee. The enemy evacuating during the night, the next day we moved to Goldsboro. thence to Raleigh. After Johnson's surrender, to Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Washington, Where we participated in the grand review. Pro -eeded on the 4th of June, to Louisville. Ky. Mustered out of United States service, July 4, 1865. and received linal discharge and pay .July llth, at Chicago. During this campaign the regiment was com- mandeie, Third Brigade liy brevet Brigadier Gen. Tillson. Fi'-st Division by Major Oen. J. A. Mower, until Golds- boro, and afterward by brevet Major Gen. M. F. Force. S -vente-nth \rm.v Corps. Major Gen. Frank P. Blair, commanding. Armv of the Tennessee, Major Gen. O. O. Howard, commanding. HISTORY OF THE HARDIN LIGHT GUARDS AND UNION GUARDS. WRITTEN BY PRIVATE M. J. CLKRIHAN, Co. B. The old adage, that " in time of peace prepare for war," proved in 1861. to be full of National wisdom. Illinois bad in my home compa lies organized prior to the g.-eat. rebellion, and Jacksonville had the proud satisfaction of having two splendid, well- discipliiied companies the " Hardin Lighc Guards," and the "Union Guards. IIU M1O UUMVU W1UUUB. X lie UAH MS UU WO * O- sponded to with alacrity, and on the 16th of April, 1861, by the union of Capr. Charles H. Adams and Capt. John W. King's companies, the Hard'n Light The call to arms was re- 11. id Capt^ John W. King's companies, the Hard'n Light Guards were filled up to the regulation nnniber of men. Charles H. Adams was elected Captain, J. W. King, 1st Lieut., and Thomas W. Smith. 2d Lieut. Th- company b -ing ready for the field, the ladies of the "Athens if the West" presented it with a fine silk flag, which bore the significant inscription "Strike, strike the b"lt from treason's hand" this was an Impetus to Youmr American heart, to wipe out the blot of sectional treason from the land. On April 22, 1861, the two companies arrived at Camp Yatcs. near Sprinsrftvid. The Union Guards were officered by M. F. Woods. Capt ; Flovd Long- ley. 1st Lieut.; and James M. Mitchell, 2d Lieut. On the same day tie Jacksonville companies and two comp inies from Quincy, 111., were ordered to occupy t airo, and on Tuesday night, April 23d. Cai- ro was a Federal outpost, just one week after the call of President Lincoln. Although these companies were the first in the field, the tardy authorities at Springfield failed to fill up the regiment, of which they were a nu<-letis. so that the regiment at Cairo was not mustered into the service of the United States until April 29ch, and had to take the number of the 10th, whereas, by rights, it should have been numbered the 7th. On the formation of the regi- ment, the "Union Guards" were assigned to the promoted to 1st Lieut., and Sergt. James H. Burnett promoted to 2d Lieut. The " Hardin Light Guards" were the first Feder- al troops to " invade ihe sacred soil of Kentucky." Early in June. 1861, a report came that the rebels were encamped at Elliott's Mills, twelve miles be- low Cairo on the Kentucky side. That same night the "Guards," with the stealthy steps of veterans, quietly marched from their quarters and took a steamboat and proceeded down the Mississippi, landing at a point nearest to the Mills; after march- ing through cant-brakes, over logs, and wading through swamps, through the gloomy darkness, ar- rived at the Mills to find the Johnnies gone. On their return, when the steamboat hove in sight of Cairo, there was a hurrying to and fro, with the people terror-stricken that the rebels were upon them. In the latter part of June the H. L. G. cap- tured the " Hindman." on her way from St. Louis to New Orleans, heavily loaded with arms and muni- tions of war. for the Confederacy. The Guards were concealed from the daring blockade runner, and as soon as she touched the shore they suddenly board- ed her, ami when the Hindman took he-- departure for " Dixie," her officers were wiser and the boat much lighter. In the early part of .July, '61, at grand review of the armies of the West. i>y (Jen. Geo. B. MacClellan, the General noticed the precis- ion of the Hardin Light Guards in the -.'volutions of drill, and had the Guards to drill in front "f his headquarters. After Cant. King na I given the ex- hibition drill, the General pronounced it " the best drilled company he had ever seen, regulars or vol- unteers," a compliment that the boys appreciated, and sustained to the end of the war. The H. L. G. furnished for the balance of the war fifty-six com- missioned officers, one beiii-r a Brigadier-General and a Major-General, and several field officers in the regular army. The wno e of the Senior C'Jas* of " Illinois College." enlisted in ihe Guards, so that the usual college commencement was not held that year, but the college authorities gave the Senior* their diplomas all the same. The oldest man in th.- H. L. G. was thirty years ; average age, twenty-two years. Students, lawyers, doctors, and teachers, numbered thirty- two. all others were farmers-, me- chanics, clerks, etc. The term of enlistment having expired on July 28rh, the Jacksonville companies re-enlisted on the same day for three years, retain- ing their old positions in the regiment. The H. L. G. elected on August 13th, 1861, Thomas W. Smth. Capt.; rioyo LrOngiey. 1st uienc. ; and uriuor, 2d Lieut. The general routine of camp life was kept up until September 26th, Company U was sent !> guard " Big Muddy Bridge." on the Illinois Central R. R.; October 3d. pulled stakes and joined the reg- iment at Cairo; October 5th the regiment moved to Mound City, the Union Guards landing December 17tn. received by Genl. Van Rensalaer, U.S.A.; Genl. J. A. McClernand, Commodore Porter, and in my others, on that occasion the H. L. Guards were highly complimented by all the officers. Jan- uary lOtli, 1862. the Jacksonville boys lead the van in Grant's famous recoimoisance in Kentucky, and MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 439 on January 15th the old 10th Regiment, with the H. L. O. on the advance, gets within .seven miles of Cidnmiius. Ky. As nothing of note happened.'the regiment returned to its old quarters on January 21st. As the war p; ogrHNWd the Jacksonville roin- panlesofthe ve eran lot .were ever push-d f'or- wavil when hard work was to lie done. On Februa- ry 12th Co. 15. with the aid of Co. I), captured two car loads of corn near Charleston, Mo., and returned to their quarters at Birds' Point, in a plriless snow storm. On February 6th. '62. Company B was se- lected to furnish a detail of twentv men, one lieu- tenant, to accompany Genl. Grant's f.miom py to capture a hand of guerrillas who had butchered some pickets of the 10th low:* Inf. The following were tlie men selected: 1st Lienf. Charles P McEn- nally. privates Robert Brown, Blair, M. .1. Cleriliiin. Orowther*. Downing, Eld-ion, Flynn, Grundv. Har- rison, Howard, S J. Anderson. Marsh. McConnell, McEni'ally, Matheson. Norrla, Stockton, D. H. Sor- rulls, \Vhite, ami Whitney. During the last days of February, '62, the H. L. G. and Union Guards played a valiant part in the total destruction of the reliel forces under Jeff Thomp- son, in th- vicinity of New Madrid, Mo. On March 10th the 10th Regiment, of which A and B were a part, reported for duty to Genl. Pope, in front of New Madrid, Mo. On the night of March llth, '62, fie regiment, at 9 P.m., moves forward under cover of the shai'ows of the night. Companies A a"d B lead and drive in the nickels, taking positions with- in a few hundred yards of the batteries at New Mad- rid. On the morning of the 12th. the reliel, G -nl. McCall, throws forward a regiment to dislodge the hoys, lint the ol Guards were equal to their name, and wouldn't drive worth a cent. After a terrible fnsibide from the, reliel batteries, and a thirty-six hours' combat. New Madrid Ml into our hands. For thus accoiiipi:sliiiig ihe defeat of (his stronghold, after Cope's army had failed on three occasions be- fore. Genl. Pope and the. War Department issued "special orders "complimenting the "Guards," and gave to the old 10th the honor of first occupying the reliel works. On April 6'h, the Jacksonville hoys again won new victories, by participating, with the ld of the 16th Ills. Vols. Inf.. in caprn> ing near Tiptonville. Teiin.. the rebel geneial. Mi-Call, four brigadiers, and 5, HIM) men, and two batteries of artillery, among which was ihe famous ' Washing- ton Battery." of New < irleans. In this day's work Co. B. captured a small camp of one hundred men. of the 45ih Tenn. c. S. A., under command of Capt. Allen, near Moon L:ike. on April 12th the 10th Regt. embarked on the Polar Star, and proceeded down the river in advance of Pope's army of 40.000 men, and the following day landed n-ar Korr Pillow. F ] a whil everything was in speculation as to our next move. On April 17th, on board the same steam- er, proceeded up the river, landing on April 2<>th. at Paducah. Ky. Here Company 15 had to exchange their "grey uniforms," for the regulation U. S. blue. April 22d, Companies A a'Kl B make it hot for the relis on the Hamburg road, Miss. Each suc- ceeding d-iy until the final evacuation of Corinth, these companies were const in'lj on the skirmish line. Co-operating with Yates' sharii.shooters. at the battle of Farmington, Miss., May 3d. 1862. ihese two companies, wMi the courage of the ancient Greeks, flung themselves peli-mell intothe enemy's entrenchments, making the famous Kentucky brig- ade, under Genl John C. Brt-ckenridge, to retreat and take refuge behind the batteries at Corinth. On May8 r h. Companies A and B penetrated the reb- el lin s until the Hardin Liirht Guard* were so close that the en-iny hurled grape and canister to dis- lodge them, for which Genl. Halleck, sent his compliments to C;ipt. Smith. To follow the ser- vices of those two companies in all their hard service, being always on the advance would re- quire more space tlian is allotted to us. hence it will be sufficient to say, that both companies distinguished themselves w th their regiment at Corinth. Nashville. Oct. 51h, 18K2. when Co. 1! repulsed an Alabama regiment of rebs. Lavergne. Tenn., on May 30th. '62. nl. Jett C. Davis' division, and suppon Baldy Smith's divis- ion at Bald Ridge. Nov. 26th 'he 10th diaries Fort C licainauga. the Hardin Light Guards entering the fort and capturing many prisoners. After imrtlci- pat:ng ill ihe several minor engagements after Mission Ridge, the old 10'h Regt. led ihe advance of Sherm in's army to near Knoxville. Tenn., when on Dec. 19th camps at Campbell'* Landing, and thence io Rossvilli-, Ga. On Jan.SMi the lOlh R.-gt veter- aned, and on its rel urn to the field was made Senior Veteran Regt. of the Western Army, and Cos. A and 15. the olilesi In the service. The subsequent histo- ry of the companies is a part of the history of Sher- man's march to Atlanta, the companies losing many men at Buzzard Roost. Dallas, Kennesaw, Peach- tree Creek, and at Atlanta. Here Co. B. fought for many hours, two regiments of rebs, and repulsed them. After the re-organization of the army, the 10th was assigned to the 17tli A. C., and it partici- pated in the battles of Joiiesboro. N. C., and at Ben- tonville, Co. B being on the left flank of the regi- ment, the rebs doubled on it. ami tried to annihilate it. but the old Guards" showed their metal, and met the s iock nobly and well. Th s was the last hard fight up to the surrender of Johnston's army, and the final collapse of the Confederacy. Wan mus- tered out of service at Louisville. Ky.. June, 1S65. *The writer having diligently and faithfully giv- en a pen sketch of the exploits of two veteran com- panies, as a member of tire old Hardin Light Guards, we cnn look back with a feeling of pride to know that the old companies sustained a good rec- ord, and that they furnished able officers tor many other organizations. Co. B. furnished from its ranks, .loiin W. Craig to be Purveyor for the Army of ihe Cumberland. See another part of this work for the promotion of men and officers ROSTER OF THtfi REGIMENT. Lieut. Col. McLean -F. Wood rank June 23, '62, term ex. Jan. 12, '65 Quartermaster Oliver J. Pyatt rank Sept. 20. '61, term ex. Oct. 4, '64 Quartermaster Benj. F. Price, rank Oct. 6, '64, in. o. July 4, '65 Chaplain Win. H. Collins, rank July 25, '61, res. June 21. '62 NOX-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Q. M. Sergeant, Benj. F. Price, e. June 1. '64. pro. Q. M. Prin. Musician, John J. Longley reduced and transf. to Co. A. COMPANY: A. Capt. McLean F. Wood, rank July 8. '61, pro. Lieut. Col. Capt. James F/Langley, rank June 13, '62, res. l>ec. 31. '62 Capt. Charles Carpenter, rank Jan. 1, '63, m. o. Oct. 31. '64 Capt. Henry McGrath. rank Oct. 31. '64 m. o. July 4. '65 First L eut. Jams F. Langl"y. rank July 25, '61. pro. First Lieut. Charles Carpenter, rank June 13, '62, pro. Firsr Lieut. Henry McGrath, rank Jan. 1. '63. pro. First Lieut. Hoot. Cromwell, rank Oct. 31, '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Second Lieut. Otho D. Critzer, rank July 28. '61, res. June 17 '62 Second Lieut. Henry McGrath, rank June 17, '63. pro. Second Lieut. Robt Cromwell, rank Jan. 1. 63. pro. Second Lieut. . las. M Swa'ies, rank Oct. 31, '64, m. o. (as Sergt. ) July 4. '65 First Sei gent Charles Carpenter, e. Aug. 9, '61, pro. First Uent. Sergeant Hugh McGrath, e. Aug. 9, '61, pro. Second Lieut. Sergt. Win. F. Crawley, e. Aug. 9, '61, re-enl. as vet, Sergt. Charles Bassett. e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Sergt. John Selby, e. Aug. 9, '61, disch.Oct. 10. '62, disabled Corpl. Benj. F. Price e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Coi H. James H. Stokes, e. Aug. 9, '61, m. o. Aug. 31. '64 Corpl. John V. Williamson, e. Aug. 9, '61, m. o. Aug. 31. '64 Corpl. John Thomas, e. Aug. 9, '61, re-enl. as vet. 440 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. Corpl. John Fortune, e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Corpl. Chas. H. Moon, e. Aug. 9, '61, re-eni. as vet. Corpl. V. M. Beavers, e. Aug. 9. '61, aied March 4, '62 Corpl. Robt. Gledhill, e. Aug. 9, '61, m. o. Aug.31, '64 Wagoner Noah Stokes, e. Aug. 9, '61, m. o. Aug. 31, '64 PRIVATES. Ault Jacob, e. Aug. 9. '61, in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Alford .1. H. e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vft. Avers Win. C. P. e. Aug. 9. '61, m. o. Aug. 31, ? 64 Butcher Aaron, e. Aug. 9, '61. in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Baptist Joseph, e. Aug. 9. '61. m. o. Aug. 31, '64 Beathard John, e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Haniford Luke, e. Aug. 9, '61. died April 1. '62 Barrett .Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '61. m. o. Aug. 31, '61 Baptist Saunders, e. Aug. 9. '61, in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Bernp r.ha'les, e. Aug. 9, '61. in. o. Auar. 31, '64 Baregan Mich:iel, e. Aug. 9. '61. in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Corder Antonio, e. Aug. 9. '61. in. o. Aug. 31. "64 Corder Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '61. in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Chantey Michael, e. Aug. 9. '61. in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Corbin Patrick, e. AUK. 9. '61. died Deo. 1, '61 Conroy Patrick, e. Aug. 9, '61, re-enl. as vet. Cromwell Robt. e. Aug. 9, '61. pro. Second Lieut. Duckworth Marshal, e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Desantus John, e. Aug. 9. '61. in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Duckworth James T. e, Aug. 9. '61, re-enl. as vet. Defrates Emanuel. e. Au<*. 9. '61, re-enl. as vet. Dennin Win. e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Dixon John J. e. Aug. 9, '61, re-enl as vet. Dumipvan Geo. H. e. Aug. 9, '61, disch. April 9, '62 disabled Dann Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '61, disch. Nov. 19, '61, dis- abled Dovl- Patrick, e. Aug. 9. '61. disch. July 19. '63 Doudy A.IPX. e. Aug. 9. '61. dich. Nov. 24. '61 Deaviny Patrick, e. Aug. 9. '61, rp-enl. as vt. Duckworth James L. e. Ausr. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Fee Ellas, e. Aug. 9,. '61, disch. June 10, '62, dis- abled Fee Cvprus, e. Aug. 9, '61, disch. Sept. 7, '62, dis- abled Flury Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Faruny George, e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet, Freeman Win. Y. e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. asvet. Fl imm Ferdinand, e. Aug. 9. '61. died Sept. 7, '63 Frank Joseph, e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Glendhill Benj. e. Aug. 9. '61, re-enl. as vet. Gradv Charles, e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as yet. Giuiieridi>e Alton T. p. Aug. 9. '61. rn-enl. as vet. Good T. J e. Aug. 9. 'HI. re-enl. as vet. Hatneld \l. S. e. Aug. 9. '61. . o. Aug. 31. '64 Haniiin Edward, e. Aug. 9. '61 re-enl. as vet. Holdridge Edward, e. Aug. 9 '65. re-enl. as vet. Hacket John. e. Aug. 9 '61. re-eul.as vet. Insrham John. e. Aug. 9, '61 Jolly E. C. e, Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Kea'rle Paul. e. Aug. 9, '61. re-enl. as vet. Kelly Peter, e. Aug 9, '61. in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Lynch John, e. Aug. 9 '61. died April 5. '61 Lanner Charles, e. Aug. 9, '61, disc-h. Sept. 6, '62, disabled Lewis Win. e. Aug. 9. '61, re-enl. as vet. McMalion Pat, <. Aug. 9. 'HI. re-enl. as vet. Mclvers Win. E. e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Mef'nne Owen, e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. as vet. Osgo'id Tim, e. Aug. 9. '61, in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Peck D. W. e. Aug 9 '61. re-enl. as vet. Peck J. D. e. Aug. 9. '61, re-' ni. asvet. Rae Sidney C. e. Aug. 9, '61. disch. Feb. 28. '62, dis- abled Smiih John L. e. Aug. 9. '61. discli. Nov. 20, '62 Smith Marshall, e. Aug. 9 '61. m. o. Aug. 31. '64 Swailes James M. e. Aug. 9. '61. re-enl. nsvet. Sherman John F. e. Aug. 9, '61, disch. Feb. 28. '62, disabled Tibbeits.lolin R. e. Ancr. 9. '61. dird Oc*. 14, '61 Viara J. J. e. Aug. 9, '61 in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Vlara Joseph, e. Aug. 9. "61. re-enl. as vet. Viara Eniannel. e. Aug. 9. '61, m. o. Aug. 31. '64 Vail Marsh W. e. Aug. 9. '61, discli. Feb. 27, '62, in- sanity Viara Jo'iu V. e. Ausr. 9. '61. re-pnl. asvet. Williamson R. B. e. Aug. 9. '61, in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Walters Isaac, e. Aug. 9. 'HI Winters John. e. Aug. 9. '61. m. o. Ana. 31. '64 White Simeon, e. Aug. 9, '61, in. o. Aug. 31, '64 VETERANS. Alford James H. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Baptist Sounders, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o" July 4, '65, Corp. Bassett Charles, e. Jan. '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Banegan Michael, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Beernp Charles, e. Jan. 1. '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Bcthard John. e. Jan. 1, in. o. June 16 : 65 Conroy Patrick, e. Jan. 1. '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Crawley Win. T. e. Jan. 1,'64, in. o. July 4.'6n, Corp. Clam-y Michael, e. Jan. 1. '64, in. o. July 4. '65 Coraer Joseph, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Coraer Antonia, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Diviney Patrick, e. Jan, 1. '64, m. o. Julv 4. '65 Dinnin W. e. Jan. 1. '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Duckworth James T. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. June 16, '65, tel. from War Department Duckworth Jas. B. e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Duckworth Marshall, e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4, '65, 1st Sergt. Defrates Emanuel. e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Dixon John J. e. Jan. 1. '64 m. o. July 4, '65 Farary John, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Fortune John, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Freeman Win. T. e. Jan. 1 '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Flurry Joseph, e. Jan. 1. '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Frank Joseph, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Gnthridge A. T. e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. Ju y 4. '65 Good Thos. J. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. May 30, '65. tel. War Department Grady Charles, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. May 30, '65, tel. War Department Hackett John. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Harmon Edward, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Holdridge Edward, e. Jan. 1. '64, in. o. July 4, '65, Corp. Jolly E. C. e. Jan. 1, '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Kea'rle Paul, e. Jan. 1, '64, m.o. July 17, '65, tel. War Department Lewis Win. e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Moon Charles H. e. Jan. 1. '64. m. o. June 16. '65 M'-Mahan Patrck, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Mclvers Win. W. E. e. Jan. 1, '64, transf. V. R. C. May 11, '65 McCune Owen, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Price Benj. F. e. Jan. 1. '64. transf. to non-com, staff Peck John B. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. June 23, '65, tel. War Department Peck 1). W. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65. as Sergt. Snyder Geo. W. e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Stovall D. A. e. J;tn 1. '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Swabs J. M. e. Jan. 1, '64, m.o. June 16. '65, as Sergt. tel. War Department Thomas John, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Varia Joseph, e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Varia John V. e. Jan. 1,'64. kid. action FlatRock.S.C. RECRUITS. Baptiste Ferdinand C. e. Feb. 3. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Dovle Patrick, des. July 19. '63 Defrates Antonio. P. Feb. 8. '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Dougherty Samuel, e. Feb. 11. '64, died A prill 6. '68 Henderson Silas, e. Veb. 20. '64, in. o. .Inly 4, '65 Keetfe J. O. e. Feb. 15, '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Longley John J. disch. Marrh 7. '62, disabled Roderigns Peler. e. Jan. 28. '64, m. o. July 4. '65 Snyder G''o. W. e. Jan. 28. '64. re-enl. as vet. Stovall D. H. e. Jan. 28. '64. re-nni. as vet. Seymour John G. e. Feb. 15 '64. m. o. July 4. 'R5 Short Win. M. e. Feb. 19, '64. died June 2, '65, at Washington City Walker Jam^s. in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Ward Win. H. p. Feb. 18. '64. m. o. July 4. '65 Walker Win S. e. Feb. 11, '64, in. o. July 4, '65 Ze,.gn\yer Herman, e. Oct. 5, '61, died Feb. 28, '64, Bridgeport, Ala. COMPANY IJ. Capr. Thomas W. Smith, rank July 28, T 61, resigned June 3, '62 Capr. Chas. P. McEnally, rank June 3, '62, in. o. Oct. 28. '64 Capt. Jas. A.Shaw, rank Oct. 28. '64. m.o. July 4, '65 First Lieut. Win. I). Green, rank July 28. '61, ap- pointed A. A. G. April 21. '63 First Lieut. John B. Tate, rank Apr. 21, '63, resigned Sept. 16. '64 First Lieut, James A. Shaw, rank Sept. 16. '64, pro. First Linuf. Robert Brown, rank Oct. 28, '64, on de- tacheil service since June 4, '65 Second Lieut. Chas. P. McEnally, rank Aug. 28, '61, pro. Second Lieut. John B. Tare, rank June 3, '62. pro. Second Lieut. James A. Shaw, rank April 21, '63, pro Second Lieut. James R. Graves, rank Oct. 28, 64, m. o. July 4. '65 First Ser^r. John B. Tate, e. Aug. 13,'61. pro. Second Lieut. Sergt. Richard Wolcott, e. Aug. 13, '61. pro. First Lieut. Co. F. Sergt. James R. Graves, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Sergt. Geo. H. Crouther. e. Aug. 13, '61, m. o. Aug. 31, '64 Sergt. Charles E. Russell, e. Aug. 13, '61, m. o. Sept. 14. '64 Corp. John A. Owen. e. Ang. 13. '61, m.o. Aug. 18. '64 Corp. Alex. O. Campbell, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Corp. James A. McKay, e. Aug. 13. '61, re-enl. as vet. Corp. John S. Norris. e. Ansr. 13. '61, disch. Sept. 5, '62. to enlist in Fourth U. S. Cavalry Corp. Jonathan Anderson, e, Aug. 31, '61, m.o. Aug. 31. '64 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 441 PRIVATES. Anderson James, e. Aug. 13, '61, disch. Dec. 6, '62, disabled Capps John, e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. Carter Kobert, e. August 13. '61 Cliirk Patrick, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Clerlban Michael J. e. Aug. 13. '61, in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Downing I). N. e. Aug. 13, '61, disch. Oct. 2, '61. disabled Davenport H. C. e. Aug. 13, '61, died Dec. 26, '61 Echart John, e. Aug. 18. '61. died Nov. 14. '61 Eldsoii Jacob, e. Aug. 13. 'bl, in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Elliott Jiihn, e. Aug. 13. 'Bl, in. o. Aug. 31. '64 Gruudy Charles, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Gregrv Frank, e. Aug. 13. '61. in. o. Aug. 31, '64 Harrison F. M. e. Aug. 13, '6l, re,-eul. as vet. Hopper Sampson, e. Aug. 13, '61, died July 15, '62 Lehcle Herman, e. Aug. 13. '61. disch. Dec. 4, '62, to re-enl. iu Fourth U. S. Cavalry Marsh H. J5. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Matheison Edward, e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. McConnell John A. e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. McEnnallv Michael, e. Aug. 13, 'bl, re-enl. as vet. Mulligan Samuel, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Nieluuis Win. e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. O'Brien Michael, e. Aug. 13. '61, re-enl. as vet. Parker Hiram G. e. Aug. 13, '61, disch. Jan. 3, '63, to re-enlist in Miss. Marine Brigade Perry Wm. e. Aug. 13, '61, disen. Nov. 15, '62, disabled Plckat Hiram G. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Pratt- Thomas G. e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. Re.iman Henry, e. Aug. 13, '61, die.l April 15, '64 Reister Philip, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Scoit Daniel \V. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Shaw James A. e. Aug. 13. '61, i>ro. Second Lieut. Sorrels 1). U. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Son el Levi, e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Sorrels Win. e. AUL-. 13. '61, re-enl. as vet. Stevens I. W. e. Aug. 13. '6'., re-enl. as vet. Stigall James S. e. Aug. 13, '61. re-enl. as vet. Stock) on John J. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Summers Kiley. e. Aug. 13, '61, re-enl. as vet. Ta> for Washington, e. Aug. 13, '61, m. o. Sept. 14, '64 Whitley J. S. e. Aug. 13. '61 VETERANS. Anderson S. J. e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 4, '65 Armstrong James, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Augelow Wm. W. e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Blair Lafayette, e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. July 4, '65, as Corp. Brown Robert, e. Jan. 1, '64, pro. Sergt. and First Lieui Campbell Alex. O. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65, as 1st Sergt. Capps John. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. July 4. '65 Clark Patrick, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Downing Eli M. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. .Inly 4. '65, Da vies Daniel, e. Jan. 1 '64. in. o. July 4, '65 as Corp. Flinn Thomas, e. Jan. 1. '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Hchter Joseph, e. J;ni. 1, '64, in. o. July 4, '65 Ficliter H. N. e. .la'i. 1, '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Graves James R. e. Jan. 1, '64, pro. Sergt. and Sec- ond Lieut. Grumly Charles, e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Harris .H F. M. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. July 4, '65, as Sergt, Jackson John, e. Jan. 1, '64, disch. April 12, '6 Kiuiiey James, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Mulligan Samuel, e. Jan. 1, '64. ni. o. July 4, '65, as Sergt. McKay James A. e. Jan. 1, '64, m o. July 4, '65 Marsli H. B. e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Matheison Edward, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 McConnell John A. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65, as Corp. McEnnallv Michael, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Neihaus William, e. Jan. 1. '6 ', m. o. July 4, '65 O'Brien Michael, e. Jan. 1, '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Piekett John H. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Reister Philip, e. Jan. 1. '64, died April 18, '64, at Quincy, III. Scott Itanlel W. e. Jan. 1, '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Sorrels David H. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. July 4, '65, as Corp. Sorrels Levi. P. Jan. 1, '64. disch. for disability Sorrels William, e. Jan. 1. '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Stevens J. W. e. Jan. 1, '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Stigall James S. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. July 19. '65 Stigall John M. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. o. Juh 4, '65 Stockton John J. e. Jan. 1, '64, in. i>. July 4. '65 Summers Riley, e. Jan. 1. '64, died April 18, '64 Thompson Andrew J. e. Jan 1, '64. (lied in Ander- souville prison Aug. 22, '64. No. of grave 6491 White Henry, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 4, '65 RECRUITS. Brown Robert, e. Oct. 27, '61, re-enl. as vet. Boggs James A. e. Feb. 10, '64. in. o. July 4. '65 Craig John W. trans, to uou-coui. staff as Hospital Steward Craig John R. disch. Oct. 2. '62 Cluderav William R. e. Jan. 4. '64, m. o. July 4, '65 Couchiiiau George A. e. Feb. 10, '62. m. o. March 5:8. '65 Downing William H. e. Oct. 16, '61. died Jan. 2, '64 Downing Eli M. e. Oct. 16. '61. re-enl. as vet. Gill Henry, e. Oct. 21. '61. disch. July 18. '62. disab. Gorman Thomas, e. Feb 16, '64, in. o. July 4. '65 Hoover Joseph e. Jan. 4. '64. m. o July 4. '65 How aid John, e. Feb. 22, '64, m. o. July 4, '65, as Corp. Howard Zephanlah, e. Feb. 22. '64, m. o. Julv 4. '65 Officer William P. e. Feb. 22, '64, m. o.July 4, '65 Russell Sol. S. des. April 13. '62 Ronan Thorn us, e. Feb. 20, '64, prls. of war since Nov. 16. '64 Roan Pa' rick. e. Feb. 10. '64. died March 24, '64 Stigall John M. e. Feb. 15. 61. re-enl. as vet. Sorrell .Nehemiuh, e. Jan. 30 '64. in. o. July 4, '65 Self James F. e. Feb. 10, '62, disch. March 6, '63. disith. Travis Dickey A. died July 5. '62 Terry James M. e. Feb. 12, '64. m. o. June 25, '65. tel. from War Dept. Wiiitley Joseph S. e. Feb. 8, '64, m. o. July 4, '64. Corp. DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUIT. Keplinger Benj. e. Oct. 5, '64. m. o. July 14, '65, lei. from War Dept. May 3, '65 COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Morgan Wm. E. re-enl. as vet. RECRUIT. Greenleaf Robt, S. e. Feb. 26 '64, m. o. May 30, '65 COMPANY G. PRIVATE. Eno Stephen H. e. Sept. 1, '61, re-enl. as vet. VETERAN. Eno Stephen H. e. Jan. 1, '64, disch. as Corp. wound.s ELEVENTH INFANTRY. Surgeon Owen N. Long, rank Sept. 25, '61, resigned April 1. '64 FOURTEENTH INFANTRY. This regiment was first called into State service under the "Ten Regiment Bill," for thiity days. It rendezvoused at Jacksonville, III., and was mus- tered into the service of ihe State for thirty days, on May 4. 1861. On the 25> h it w;is mustered into the l> lilted States service for three yeais, by Capt. Pitcher, U. S. A. The regiment remained at Camp Duncan, Jack- sonville, until the latter part of June, for instruc- tion; then proceeded to Quincy. III., and from thence to Missouri, July 5th, where, in connection with the Sixteenth Illinois Infantry, it did goud ser- vice in keeping down the spirit of rebellion. The force under Martin E. Green was dispersed, and James Green. U. S. Senator, a fomenter of seces- sion. w:is captured and parolled. Regiment left Rolla, Mo., for Jefferson City, accompanying Gen. Fremont on his memorable campaign !o Spring- field, Mo., after Gen. Price; then returned and went into winter quarters at Ottei ville. In ihe month of Feb., 1862. the regiment was or- dered to Fort Uonelson, where it arrived tihis. and thence to Bolivar. Tenn. Oct. 4th. the Fourth Division, under Gen. Hurl- burt, was ordered to proceed to Corinth as a forlorn hope, to relieve the beleaguered garrison of thar place; lint the gallant Kos^crans, before Corinth \v;is readied, had already severely punished the enemy, and the "forlorn hope" met the re' renting rebels at i he village of Metamora, on Hatchie River. In the glorious victory that followed eignt hours' hard fighting, the Fourteenth Illinois well sus- tained iis reputation earned at .Shiloh. The regi- ment constituted apart of the right winsr of Grant's army, in the march into Northern Mississippi, through Holly Springs to Yacona Patalfa. under the immediate command of th>- lamented McPherson. Van Do rn had captured Holiv Spr ng.s, and Gen. Sherman being unable to effect a dislodgenient of tlie rebels fnuu Vickshurg, Grant's army was obliged to retreat, and on Jan. 18, 1863. the Four- teenth Illinois went into winter quarters at Lafay- ette. Teiiu. Early in the spring, the command was ordered to Vicksiiuig, where it took part in the siege of that stronghold until its final fall, July 4. 18t>3. Also, accompanied the. expedition to Jackson. Miss., tak ing part in the siege mull its evacuation. In Au- gust, profded to .Natchez, and formed part of the force which marched across the swamps of North- eastern Louisiana to Harrisonburg. on the Wachita River, and captured Fort Beauregard, where, the spring lief ore, the ram Queen of the West had been sunk, and then accompanied Gen. Sherman on his Meridian ra d. Afier tne return, a large portion re-enlisted as veterans, though iistime would nave expired in a few months. Returning from the North, where it had been on a veteran furlough, it formed a part of the aimy in the advai ce on At- lanla. Here the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois, ever tngeth r since the Kail of 1862. sharers of each other's sorrows and joys, weary marches, and hon- orably-earned laurels, were consolid ited into the 'Fourteenth and Fifteenth lllluo s Veteran Bat- talion." The battalion was detailed to guard rail- road communications at and near Ackworth, Ga., a most important and dangerous duty, as it was the only route by wh eh Gen. Sherman could supply his immense army with subsistence, etc. In the mouth of October, 18(54, when the rebel Gen. Hood made his demonstration against Gen. Sherman s rear a large number of the battalion were killed, and ihe major part taken prisoners and sent to Andeisonville prison. Those who escaped capture were mounted, ami, in the grand march to the sea, acted as scouts, and were Continually in the advance, being the first to drive ihe rebel pickets into Savanah, Ga. During the long and weary inarch through North and South Carolina, ihe bat- talion was on duty day and night, being constantly in the presence of the enemy, gaining notoriety as skirmishers. The battalion was the first lo enter Cheraw. S. C., Fayetteville, N. C., and also took part in ihe battle 'f Hentonville. At Goldsboi o, N. C., in the Spring of 1865, the bat- talion organization w.is discontinued, a sufficient number of organ zed Companies of recruits having arrived by way of New York and Morehead City, X. C.. to fill upthe two regiments. Col. Hall again being assigned to the command of the Fourteenth. Afier the raoiiulation of Johnson, the regiment marched to Washington ,D. C., where, on the 24 h of May, it took p:vrt in the grand revie\vof Sherman's army. It atierward proceeded by rail and river to Louis- ville. K.V.. theii'-e l.y river to Fort Leaven worth, Kas. ; thence 'marched to Fort Kearney, N. T., and back. Mnstereii out at Fort Leaven worth, Kan.. Sept. 16. 1865. arriving at Springfield, III.. Sept. 22d. where it received final payment and discharge. The aggre- gate number of men wlio have belonged to I his organization was 1,980, and the aggregate mns- teied out at Kort LravrllWOrth was 480 During i's four y^ars and four months of arduous service the reginent. marched 4490 miles, traveled by rail 2 330. and by river, 4,490 miles-making an aggi egate of 1 1.670 miles. Chaplain Wm. J. Rutledge, rank May 25, '61, term ex. June 18, '64, VOX COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergt. Major, Francis W. Fox. e. '61 COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Alves John, e. May 21, '65, pro. Corp. 64 COMPANY C. PRIVATE. McCafferty Harrison, e. June 1, '61, re-enl. as vet. COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Duckworth John T. e. May 25, '61, disch. April 27, '62 disab. RECRUITS. Duckworth Wm. W. e, Aug. 29, '61, disch. April 7, '64. disab. White James, e. April 22, '64 COMPANY F. PRIVATES. Higgins John, e. May 25. '61, re-enl. as vet. Hilly Geo. W. e. May 25, 61. re-enl. as vet. Hilly Francis M. e. May 25. '61, re-eul. as vet. VETERAN. Higgins John, e. Dec. ^, '63. See Co. D. Vet. bat- talion COMPANY G. Sergt. Charles Meyer, e. May 25,'61,died Oct. 21, '62, shot by Prov. Guard Corp. Richard Gavnard, e. May 25. '61, kid. by acci- dent Julv 30, '62 Corp. Win. Ultert, e. May 25. '61, disch. Feb. 12, '62 1 PRIVATES. Gardner Jacob, e. May 25, 'fcl, died April 14, '62, wounds Klein Michael, e. May 25. '61. re-enl. as vet. Richberg Henry, e. May 25, '61 Vickery W. H. e. May 25. '61. in. o. May 25, '( VETERAN. Klein Michael, e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. D. Vet. Bat- talion RECRUITS. Adler Charles, e. June 24, '61 Cope Carl F. >>. June 15. '61 Jacob! Fred Win. e. May 25. '61 Moser Michael, e. May 25, '61, kid. at Matamora, Oct. 5, '62 COMPANY H. PRIVATES. Cloud Milton, e. May 25, '61, disclv. Nov. 4, '63' disai). Con ley Wm. e. May 25. '61. died Oct. 17. '62, wounds Jay Danl. K. e. May 5, '61 .ieweir Kelix, e. May 25. '61 Kelly F. M. e. May 25. '61. re-enl. as vet. Kelso James, e. May 25. '61, disch Sept. 22, '62. disab. VETERAN. Kelly F. M. e. Dec. 12, '63 COMPANY I. Capt. John W. Meacham, rank May 3. '61, pro. Capt. Erasmus D. Ward, rank Nov. 11, '62, m.o. at con>olidation. First Lleur. John W. Meacham, rank May 3. '61, pro. First Lieut. Erasmus D. Ward, rank May 24, '61, pro. Second Lieut. Erasmus D. Ward, rank May 3, '61, pro. Second Lieut. Lauren W. Coe, rank May 24, '64, 111,0. at consolidation First Sergt. Isaac X. Merwin, e. May 25, '61, disch. iib. Sergt. Gilbert G. Morehouse, e. May 25, '61, died Xov. 2. '62, wounds Sergr. Henry Lybarger, e. May 25, '61, disch. Apr. 12 '62. disab. Corp. John W. Luttrell, e. M;iy25. '61 Corp. Martin V WyaU, e. May 25, "61 Corp. James S. Cloi.d, e. May 25, '61, disch. Jan. 11, ulsab. Corp. .lames W. Kennedy, e. May 25, '61 Corp. John L. Harris, e. May 25,''6l Musician .losepli M. Xilson, e. May 25. '61 Musician B'-nj. F. Clurch. e. May 25. '61 Wagoner Win. W. Standage, e. May 25, '61, disch. Oct. 27, '62, wounds PRIVATES. Barker Geo. H. e. Mar 25, '61, kid. at Shiloh, Apr. 6, 'M Burnett Micajab, e. May 25. '61 Burneit Moses, e. May 2o. '61. disch. Apr. 12, '62 Burch Kenj. e. May 25, '61. re-enl. as vet. Barlow Win. P. e. May 2.=>. '61 Baron Alvian, e. May 25. '61 Breekan John W. e. Mav 25, '61 Chapiu John O. e. May 25, '61, died May 11, '62, wounds Coffel Jesse, e. May 25, '61, disch. Aug. 27, '62, wounds Cunningham Thos. P., e. May 25, '61, re-enl. as vet Cunningham Albert F. e. May 25, '61 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 443 Criswell Wm. N. e. May 25, '61 Dtx Churl s. e. May 25. 'til Da I ton James W. e. May 25, 'HI, re-enl. as vet. Dodd James, e. May 25, '61. tlisch. Aug. 27, '62, dlsab. Erwiu Alex S. e. May 25, '61, disch. Feb. 1, '62, dlsab. Fox Francis W. e. Mav 25. '61 Goldsmith Geo. H. e. May 25. '61 Gold Henry M. c. Ma> 25. '61 Green Win, C. e. Mav 25. '61 Hazzard I tennis e. Ma\ 25, '61 Harper Win. e. May 25, '61 re-enl. as vet. Hughes Blare M. e. May 25. '61 Howel Charles S. e. Mav 25. '61 Heflm Murtin, e. May 25. 'ol. re-enl. as vet. Holliday Walter C. e. Mav 25. - 61 Harming Geo. (). e. May 25. '61 Han It- y Thus. L. e. May 25. '61 Jones Curtis, e. May 25. '61 Keullngcr Henry S. e. M;>y 25. '61, re-enl. as vet. Kimher Win. P e. May 25. '61 Kay Win. H. e. Mav 25, '61 Laiskion John I), e Mav 25. '61 Lillian Jacol), e. May 25. '61, re-enl. as vet. Lyon Ch is. C. e. May 25 '61 Lnsric Win. e. May 25, 'til Meacliam Milton M. . May 25, '61 Morgan John A. e. May 25, '61 Murray Win. e. May 25, '61, 'I ^ch. Oct. 20, '62, dlsab. M>'acham Jonathan, e. May 25, '61 Morgan George W. e. May 25. '61 Maddox Sanil K. e. May 25, '61 Newman Richd. C e. May 25, '61, kid. at Memphis, Nov. 21, '62 Neal Win. A. e. May 25. '61, re-eul. as vet. Nail James H. e. Max 25. '61 Rober s Ohediah L. e. May 25, '61 Runkle Francis M. e. May 25. '61 Sears Win. e. Mav 25, 61 Stratton Win. e. May 25, '61, disch. Oct. 7, '63 Sims Kel x M. e. May 25 'HI Sperry Edward, e. May 25, '61 Sweet Andrew A. e. M n 25, '61. re-enl. as vet. Slagle M-irtln V. 15. e. Jrf.iy 25, '61, re-enl. as vet. Stratton Joseph C. e. Mav 25, '61 Scott Wm. H. H. e. May 25. '61 Sco't Roliert. e. Mav 25. 'HI, kid. at Shiloli. A]T. 6, '62 Scott Geoig-, e. May 25, '61, disch. Oct. 19, '62, wounds Tsnyck Hamilton, e. May 25, 'b2. disch. Jan. 29, '62, disah. Turner David, e. May 25, '61 Talkingt 11 John, e. Mav 25, '61 Thomas Isaac L. e. May 25. '61, re-enl. as vet. Thomas Jhn W. e. May 25. '61 Tindall David, e. M ly 25, '61, transf. to Inv. corps, m.o. May 25. '64 Veavrid Augustin, e. May 25. '61, re-enl. as vet. Van Cleave Philip, e. May 25, '61 Walsh Thus. V. e. May 25, '61 Whillock Alex.e. May 25, '61 W\att John H. e Mav 25. '61 Wyatt Edward \V. e. May 25. '61 Wil.-on AlexH. e. May 25, '61, disch. Aug. 27, '62, dlsab. VETERANS. Barker Chas. S. e. Mar. 1, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Bat- talion Burch Henj. H. e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Bat- talion Cunningham Thos. P. e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. F. Vet. Battalion Dalton James W. e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. F. Vet. Bat- talion Good 1'atrick, e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Battal- ion Hai per Wm. e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. \e r . Battalion Keplinger Henry S. e. Dec. 7. '63. See Co. D. Vet. Ba tilion Lill an Jacob, e. Dec. 7, '63 Sweet Andrew A. e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. F. Vet. Halt (lion Slagln MMI tin V. B. e. Jan. 5, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Battalion Taylor Wm. e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Battalion Thomas Isaac L. e. Jan. 5. '64 Vle.iis Augustine, e, Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Battalion RECRUITS. Barker Charles S. e. Aug. 28. '61, re-enl. as vet. Burch John S. e. Sep. 1, '61, disch. Nov. 22, '62, disah. Burnett Joseph, disch. Apr. 12, '62, disab. Cole John I,, e. Sepl. 7, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Battalion Drake I. P. H. e. June 6, '61, died April 20. '62 wounds Drake Win. S. e. Sept. 15, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Bat- talion Dur .nc Alex. F. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. B. Vet Bat- taliou Erhart John, e. Aug. 10, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Bat- talion Fanner Ben]. L. e. May 27. '61 Good Patrick H. e. Jtiu> 10. '61, re-enl. as vet. Gunn John W. e. June 6, '61. Gunn Win. e. Oct. 7. '62. S e Co. F. Vr f . Battalion Holmes W. e. Sept. 7. '61. See. Co. U. Vet. Itattalion Hynes Patrick, e. .March 1, '62. See Co. F. Vet. Bat- talion Kehoe Patrick, e. Sept. 23, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Bat- Kay V. H. e. Jan. 5, '64. See Co. F. Vet. Battalion Lashmec Win. E. e. June 10. '61 Maloney Maurice, e. Aug. 30, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Battalion Meacham Joseph W. e. Sept. 1, '61. transf. to N. Com. S. as hospital steward Nicholas James M. e. Jan. 1, '62, disch. Dec. 24, '62, disabled Talkingion John W. e. Sept. 15, '61, disch. Jan. 29, '63, disabled Talkingtqn Danl. B. e. Sept.lS, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Battalion Talkington Jacob B. e. Sept. 15, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Battal on Willett Henry C. e. Sept. 7, '61. See Co. B. Vet. Bat- talion. Taylor Win. e. May 25, '61, re-enl. as vet. COMPANY K. RECRUITS. Abraham Hardin F. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. Bat talion Coulter Wilson S. e. Dec. 23, '63. See Co. F. Battalion Dusenbury Isaiah, e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. Battalion Dix Win. H. H. e. Dec. 22, '63. See Co. F. Vet. talion Harper Charles F. e. Dec. 21. '63. See Co. F. Battalion Lindsey Samuel, e. Dec. 14, '63. See Co. F. Battalion Manle. Theo. F. e. Dec. 23, 'o3. See Co. F. Battalion Paj ne Robert C. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. 'Battalion Smith Win. B. e. Dec. 21, '63. see Co. F. Vet. talion Sellers Joseph B. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. Battalion Cosgrove Wm. e. March 24, '64 Dennis Newton, e. Feb. 12. '64, disch. April 8, ' Daniel Joseph G. Jan. 28, '63 Reilly George, e. May 10, 'b4 Vet. Vet, Vet. Bat- Vet. Vet. Vet. Vet. Bat. Vet. 64 VETERAN BATTALION FOURTEENTH AND FIFTENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY B. PRIVATES. Cole John L. e. Sept. 7, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illinois, as revived Drake Wm. O. e. Sept. 15, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived Erhard John, e. Aug. 10, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived Holmes Win. e. Sept. 7, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived Kehoe. Patrick, e. Sept. 23, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illinois, as revived Maloney Maurice, e. Aug. 30, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illinois, as ievived Talkington Danl. B. e. Sept. 15 '61. See Co. B. 15th Illinois, as revived Talkington Jarob B. e. Sept. 15th, '61. See Co. B. 15th lilino s, as revived Willatt Henry, e. Sept. 7, '61. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived COMPANY 1). PRIVATES. Higglns John, e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived Klein Michael, e. Dec. 7, '53. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived Keplinger E. S. e.Dec. 7, '63. See Co. B. 15th Illi- nois, as revived White James, e. April 27, '64. See Co. B. 15lh Illi- nois, as revivtd COMPANY F. Corpl. Thomas P. Cunningham, e. Dec. 7, '63. See Co. F. 14tii Illinois, as revived Corp). Charles S. Barker, e. March 1, '64. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Musician Patrick Hines, e. March 1, '62. See Co. F. 14tu Illinois, as revived 444 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. PRIVATES. Abrams Hardln T. e. Dec. 20, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Coulter Wilson S. e. Dec. 23, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived* Dix Win. H. H. e. Dec. 20, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illi- nois a* revived Durum Francis, e. Dec. 2. '63. See Co. F. 14th Illi- nois, as revived Gu n n Win. A. e. Oct. 7, '62. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Harper Win. e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Harpnr Charles F. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Kay Win. H e. Jan. 5th. '64. See Co. F. 14th Illi- nois, as revived Limlsf-y Saml. e. Dec. 14th, '63. See Co. F, 14ih Illi- nois, as revived Mauley Tlieo. F. e. Dec. 23, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived ^ McUotvau Jacob S e. Jan. 29, '63. See Co, F. 14th Illinois, as revived Sellers .Joseph B. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Smith Win. H. e. Dec. 21, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illi- nois, as revived Sweet Anderson A. e. Dec. 7th, '63. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Taylor Win. e. Jan. 1, '64. See Co. F. 14th Illinois, as revived Vieir* Augustine e. Jan 1, '64. See Co. F. 14th Illi- nois, as revived FOURTEENTH (Re organized) INFANTRY. COMPANY D. PKIVATKS. Hisrgins John, e. Dec. 7. '63. Vt. in. o. Sept. 16, '65 Klein Michael, e. Dec. 7, '63. Vet. supposed in. o. White James, e. April 27. '64, in. o. May 30, '65 COMPANY F. Musician Patrick Hines, e. March 1, '62, m. o. May 30, '65 PRIVATES. Coulter Win. S. e. Dec. 23, '63, in. o. May 30. '65 CiMfi George, e. Feb 'i. '64, in. o. May 30. '65 DaKon Janins W. e. D.'C. 7, '63, in. o. May 30, '65 Dix Win. H. e. Dec. 22. '63. ni. o. May 30. '65 Dnsenbm y Isaiah, e. Dec. '63. in. o. Sept. 16. '65 Durant Krancis, c. Dec. 21, '63, in. o. May 30, '65 Gnnn Win. A. e. Oct. 7, '6'5, '65 Kay Win. H. e. Jan. 5, '4, in. o. May 30, '65 Lindsey Samuel, e. Dec. 14. '63, in. o. May 30. '65 Mauley Tlieo. K. e. Dec. 23, '63. in. o. May 30, '65 McGowan Jacob S. e. Jan. 29, '63, recruit, des. June 26, '65 Paine Charles K. e. Dec. 21, '63, in. o. May 30, '65 Sellers Joseph B. e. Dec. 21, '63, m. o. May 30, '65 Smith Win. 15. e. Dec. 21, '63, in. o. May 30, '65 Sweet Anderson A. e. Dec. 7, '63, vet. m. o. July 18. '65 Taylor Win. e. Jan. 1, '64, vet. paroled pris. Vieira Augustine, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. June 7, '65 Battey Clayton, e. Feb. 23, '64, transf. from 129th Illinois, in. o. July 8, '65 Penlnger Washington, e. March 21. '65, transf. from 129th Illinois, in. o. July 8, '65 COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Copeland Alex. e. May 24, '61 COMPANY G. RECRUIT. Bechold George, e. Jan. 27. '65, transf. from 101st Illinois, m. o. July 8. '65 COMPANY I, RECRUIT. Tipp James B. e. Jan 5. '64, transf. from 101st Illi- nois, m. o.July 8. '65 COMPANY K. RECRUIT. Clay well Joel D. e. Jan. 17, '65, transf. from 129th 'Illinois, m. o. July 8, '65 FIFTEENTH (Re-organized) INFANTRY. COMPANY A. Corpl. Harvey M. Sidner, e. Feb. 24, '65, m. o. Sept. 16. '65 Corpl. James E. Wannamanghen, e. Feb. 24, '65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65 Corpl Richard Wallis, e. Feb. 24, '65, ni. o. July i 4, '65 COMPANY B. PRIVATES. Cole John L. e. S-pt. 7. '61. in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Droke Win. O. Sent. 15 '61, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Holmes Wm. e. S ;|>t. 7, '61, absent, sick, at in. o. Keboe Patrick, e. Sep\ 23. '61. in. o. Sept. 23, '65 Maloney Maurice, e. Sept. 30, '61. in. o. Sept. 8, '64 Wiilatt Henry, e. Sept. 7, '61, in. o. Sept. 8, '64 COMPANY I>: PRIVATES. Croak Dennis, e. Feb. 21, '65, in. o. Sept. 16 '65 Hill Horace F. e. Feb. 21, '65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65 SIXTEENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY C. RECRUITS. Burbank Jesse W. e. Feb. 22, '64, transf. from 129th Illiiuis, m. o. July 8, '65 EIGHTEENTH (Re-organize^ INFANTRY. COMPANY B. RECRUITS. Dunning Win L. e. Feb. 1, '65, in. o. Sept. 6, '65 Hargis Joseph D. e. Feb. 1, '(j5, in. o. Sept. 6, '65 COMPANY K. PRIVATE. Angelow Wm. H. e. Feb. 20, '65, deserted March, '65 COMPANY G. Corp. Charles A. Sergeant, e. Mar. 2, '65, m. o. Dec. PRIVATE. rp. C 16, '05 Hopper John W. e. Mar. 2, '65, m. o. Dec. 16. '65 NINETEENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY F. RECRUIT. Vaughan Columbus, trausf. to headquarters Four- teenth A. C. TWENTIETH INFANTRY. COMPANY B. DRAFTED AND SUB. RECRUIT. Malone John M. e. Oct. 24, '64, in. o. July 16, '65 COMPANY C. DRAFTED AND SUB. RECRUIT. King Thomas, e. Jan. 12, '65, never reported to company COMPANY K. RECRUIT. Smith Patrick, e. Jan. 23, '65, substitute, never re- ported to company TWENTY-FIRST INFANTRY. COMPANY A. RECRUIT. Chapman Thomas D. e. Aug. 14, '62, transf. from 115th 111. m. o. Dec. 16, '65 COMPANY F. RE RUITS. Fahnestock Henrv F. e. July 9, '6l, kid. atChicka- inanga. Sept. 19, '63 Graves James B. e. Juiy 9, '61. m. o. April 20, '65 COMPANY G. RECRUIT. Edingfield Charles, e. July 9, '61, re-enl. as vet. COMPANY H. RECRUIT. Powell Martin E. e. July 8, '61, died at Danville, Va., Dec. 26, '63 TWENTY-THIRD INFANTRY. COMPANY C. RECRUIT. Taylor William, e. Mar. 12, '62, des. Oct. 19. '62, insane MORGAN COUNTY WAK BECOKD. 445 COMPANY E. RECRUIT. Coope Henry, e. transf. to luv. corps Aug. 1, ' TWENTY-SIXTH INFANTRY. COMPANY D. VETERANS. Grant Horatio W. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 20, '65, musician Selig Franz, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. July 20, '65 RECRUITS. Harris Thomas J. e. Pel). 19, '64, m. o. July 20, '65 .lours Win. M. e. Feb. 11, '65. never joined company Reed Andrew J. e. Mar. 3. '65, in. o. July 20, '65 Kay Felix G. e. Feb. 11, '65, in. o. July 20, '65 TWENTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. The Twenty-seventh Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organized with only seven companies, at Camp Butler, III., Aug. 10. 1861, and ordered to Jackson- ville, as part of Brig. (ien. John A. McClernand's Brigade. Sept. 1, 1861, ordered to Cairo, where the three remaining companies joined. Under Gen. McClernand it was engaged in the battle of Belmont, Nov. 7, 1861. where it bore quite a prominent part, and lose severely. On the evacua- tion of Columbus. Ky., the regiment was sent to that point. On March 14, 1862, in company with the Forty-second Illinois. Eighteenth Wisconsin, and part of the Second Illinois Light Artillery, and Second Illinois Cavalry, it formed the "Mississippi Flotilla," and started down the Mississippi River, and remained during the siege of Island No. 10. The Twenty-seventh was the nrst to land on the island. After crossing the river, moved to Fort Pillow, but was recalled and ordered to Pittsburg Landing. Tenii. Was engaged in the siege of Corinth, and battle of Farniingion, May 9, 1862. Was In pursuit if the enemy to Booneville. Returning to Corinth, remained some time. In July, 1862, ordered to luka. and soon after- ward was distributed along the line of the Memohis and Charleston Railroad, where it remained until the early part of September, when it crossed the Tennessee River at Decatur, Ala., under command of Major Gen. Palmer, and made a rauid march for Nashville, arriving Sept. 12th. Remained in that <:it.\ during the time it was cut off from communi- cation with the North. It was with the advance from Nashville, ami engaged in the battle of Stone River, where it distinguished itself. June 24, 1863, moved with thearmy against Slielbyville ana Tulla- homa; thence to Bridgeport; Ala. Sept. 2, 1863, the corps crossed the Tennessee and mo ed down toward Rome, Georgia, below Chatta- nooga, and returned in time to take part in the battl of Chickamauga, where the Twenty-seventh suffered severely. Was in Chattanooga during its investment, and was engaged in storming of Mission Ridge, \vhere it was noticed for its good conduct. From Mission Ridge, it w -nr, upon a forced march, to the relief of Knoxville, then closely pressed by Longstreet't) corps. By the time it reached there the enemy had been repulsed. It returned to Lon- don, Tenn., Jan. 25, 1864, and remained till April 18th, when it was ordered to Cleveland, Tenn. From the latter place it moved with the Army of the Cumberland, on the Atlanta campaign. Was engaged at Rock Face Ridge, May 9th; at Resaca. May 14th; nearCalhoun, May 16fh; Adairs- ville. May 17th; near Dallas, from May 26th to June 4th; near Pine Top Mountain, from June 10th to 14th: battle of Mud Creek, June 18th; in assault on Kenesaw Mountain, June 27th; skirmished about the vicinity of Chattalioochie River; was In the bat le of Peach Tree Creek, July 20th, and in the skirmishes around Atlanta. The regiment was relieved, from duty at the front August 25, 1864, and ordered to Springfield, III., for muster out. Was detained two days at Nash- ville, on account of apprehensions of an attack by Wheeler. During its term of service the regiment has had the folio wing casualties: Killed or died of wounds. 102; died by disease, 80; number of wounded, 328; discharged and resigned, 209; transferred 37, vet- erans and recruits consolidated with Ninth Illinois Infantry Volunteers. COMPANY B. First Lieut. Geo. A. Dunlap, rank Aug. 12, '61, res. Nov. 16, 61 First Lieut. Henry H. White, rank Oct. 21, '62, term ex. Sept. 20, '64 Corp. Thompson Cummings, e. Aug. 12. '61, pro. Sergt. wounded at Kenesaw Mt. in hos. at Nash- ville, Tenn. Corp. Duncan McCormick, e. Aug. 12. '61, pro. Sec- ond Lieut. Corp. James D. Barlow, e. Aug. 12, '61, dlsch. Feb. 14, '62, worthlessness Corp. Henry A. White, e. Aug. 12, '61, pro. First IJeut. PRIVATES. Abrauis Charles, e. Aug. 12/61, wounded m. o. Sept. 20, '64, Corp. Abrams John, e. Aug. 12 '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, Corp. Aldridge Harrison, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Aug 22, 'b4 Aldridge Witham, e. Aug. 12. '61. in. o. Sept. 20, '64 Baker Alex. e. Aug. 12, =61. disch. Feb. 14, -62, disab. Barlow William, e. Aug. 12, 'HI, dlsch. Feb. 1. '62 Burke James, e. Aug. 28, '61, dlsch. Dec. 1, 'b2, to 4th U. S. C. Cannon Win. B. e. Aug. 12, '61, wounded at Belmont, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Cannon Samuel B. e. Aug. 12, '61, wounded, in hos. at in. o. of Regt. Crestman Washington, e. Aug. 12, '61, dlsch. Oct. 19, '62, disab. Campbell, Joseph, e. Aug. 12, '61, died Phillip's Land'g, Mo., April 5, '53 Crawford Henry, e. Aug. 12, '61, disch. Dec. b, '63, wounds Coppage Joseph, e. Aug. 12, '61, des. Aug. 27, '61 Eldridge Christ, e. Aug. 12, '61, in. o. Sept. 20, '64 Fitzpatrick Patrick, e. Aug. 12, '61, died at St. Louis. Aug. 6, '62 Garrison Win. e. Aug. 12, '61, m. 6. Aug. 18, '64 Greggs Joseph, e. Aug. 12, '61, died at Keokuk, Iowa, July 27, ! 62 Galvin John, e. Aug. 12, '61, dis. Dec. 2, '62, to eul. in 4th U. S. C. Hudleston Win. e. Aug. 12, '61, Sergt. absent, sick at m. o. of Regt. Hodges Win. H. e. Aug. 12. '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Sergt. Hutchinson James, e. Aug. 12, '61, dishon. disch. Oct. 31. '62. sen. G. C. M. Hoffman Daniel, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Corp. Hoffman John, e. Aug. 12, '61, trans, to Inv. C. Se:>t 16, '63 Henry John, e. Aug. 1 2, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Corp. Mattlson Abratiam. e. Aug. 12 '61, disch. Nov. 4, '62, disab. Pullin Andy, e. Aug. 12, '61, wounded at Belmont, m. o. Sept. 20/64 Ruark Ratcliff, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Reeder Andy, e. Aug. 12, '61, in. o. Sept. 20, '64 Reeder Hiram, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Simmons John F. e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Simmons Alfred, e. Aug. 12, '61, in. o. Sept. 20. '64 Shoemaker Obediah, e. Aug. 12, '61, in. o. sept. 20. '04 Tauksley Marcus, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, 'ti4 Thale Joseph, e. Aug. 12, '61, m. o. Aug. 22, '64 Wortich Anthony, e. Aug. 12, '61, disch. Sepl. 7, '62, WOll 11' IS Worrell Joseph, e. Aug. 28, '61, wounded, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 VETERANS. Rader Hiram, e. Jan. 1, '64. trans, to Co. G. 9th 111. as consul, in. o. July 13, '65 Richards David, e. Feb. 19, '64, trans, to Co. G. 9th III. as consol. in. o. July 13, '65 RECRUITS. Angelo, Benj. e. Aug. 7, '61, absent in hosp. at m. o. of Regt. Hiart Thomas, absent, detached as m. o. of Regt. Mitchell Marion I. e. Feb. 18, '62, re-enl. as vet. Thompson James A. e. Feb. 18. '62, absent in hosp. at m. o. of Regt. COMPANY C. PRIVATE. Sii/maii John, disch. Feb. 26, '63, disab. RECRUIT. Morris Martin V. e. Aug. 29. '61, des. Nov. 1, '61 COMPANY D. Capt. Horace Chapin, rank Nov. 28, '61, term ex. Sept. 20, '64 COMPANY E. RECRUIT. Ring James M. e. Sept. 28, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 COMPANY K. Capt. Abraham T. Bozarth, rank Aug. 22. '61. res. June 27, '64 Capt. Lewis Hanback, rank June 27, '64, term ex. Sept, 20, '64 446 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. First Lieut. Horace Cliapin. rank Aug. 22, '61, pro. to Co. 1). First Lieut. Erastus S. Jones, rank Nov. 28, '61, res. June 4 '63 First Lieut. Lewis Hanbeck, rank June 4. '63, pro. First Lieut. Isaac Nash, rank June 27, '64, term ex. Sept. 20, '64 Second Lieut. Erastus S. Jones, rank Aug. 22,'61,pro. Second Lieut. Lewis Han back, rank Nov. 28. '61, pro. Second Lieut. Isaac Na.sh, rank June 24. '63, pro. First Se r>ft. Lewis Hanback, e. Aug. 20, '6L pro. First Lieut. Sergt. GHO. C. Smith, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Nov. 10, '62, disabled Sergt. K. Warren T cknor, e. Aug. 20, '64, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as First Sergt. Sergt. Win. H. Ebey, e. Aug. 20, '61, kid. atBelmont Nov. 7. '61 Sergr. Win. Morris, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. July 16, ? 62. disable I Corp. Win. Lazenby, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded at -imoiit and Chickamauga, in. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Sergt. Corp. .loiin Fonier. e. Aug. 20, '61 died at Hender- son. Ky. June 8, '62 Corp. Kreegiaee L. Sexton, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, in. o. sepl. 26, '64, as Sergt. Corp. Horace T i-knor, e. Aug. 20, '61. kid. at Mud Creek, June 18. '64 Corp. Isaac Nasu, e. Aug. 20, '61, pro. Sergt. then Second Lieut. Corp. Michael Valentine, e. Aug. 20, '61, died at Mt. Veruon, Iiid. June 19, '64 Corp. John A. Morgan, e. Sept. 2. '61, wounded, m. o. Sept. 20. '64 as Sergt. Corp. Nelson B. Speakman, e. Sept. 2, '61, died Sept. 25. V 3, wounds Musician John M. Host, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Nov. 26, '62. t > enl. ill U.S. A. Musician Henry Ticknor, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, in. o. Sept. 20, '64 PRIVATES. Allen Fletcher A. e. Sepr. 2, '61, disch. July 18. '62 Raity George, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, at Stone Kiver and Cliickaniauga. in. o. Sept. 20, '64 Benjamin John W. e. Aug. 20, '61 re-enl. as vet. Buzaith Wm. L. e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. July 18, '62, disabled Butchli Jacob, e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Bridger Win. e. Aug20, '61, des. Nov. 10. '61 Barber K iward, e. Aug. 2>), '61, m. o. Sept. 20. '64 Buyer Wm. e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded and captured at Cliickamauga, in. o. June 13, '65, as Corp. Bossie Jacob, e. Aug 20. '61, died at Farmingham, Miss. May 28. '62 Bowen Charles, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. March 9, '62, disab. Burd Wyllis, e. Sept. 2, '61, re-enl. as vet. Burdltt Jobu A. e. Sept. 2, '61. re-enl. asvrt. Caldwell Green w. e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, in hosi). at m. o. of Regt. Cole Edgar J. e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded and prls. in. o. April 24, '65 Cowdin James, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Feb. 20, '62 disab. Cash John. e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept, 20, '64 Delaney Michael, e. Aug. 20, '61, re-enl. as vet. Dolany Charles, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Sept. 12, '62 disab. Dickerson Wilmer, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, m. o. Sept. 20. '64 Davidson Robert, e. Aug. 20. '61, wounded, m. o. Sept 20, '64 Davidson I'nomas, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, m. o. Sept. 20, '64. as Corp. Ellis Thomas, e. Aug. 20. '61. m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Foster Casual, e. Aug. 20. '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Ford 01 .Vl'iles A. e. Aug. 20. '61, killed at Mission Ride Nov. 25. '63 Frasure Thomas, e. Aug. 20, '61, re-enl. as vet. Grossman Edward, e. Aug. 20 '61. disch. Nov 15, '62, disal). Gillis Neal, e. Aug. 20, '61. m o. Sept. 20. '64 Gilbert Frederick, e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 j Gilbert David, e. Aug. 20. '61, m. o. Sept. 3. '65 Ginnane Joun e. Aug. 20, '61, died at Annapolis, j Md. July 27, '64 Hobsoii ttiley, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. July 14, '62, | disab. Holmes Henry, e. Aug. 20. '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Heitz Joseph, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, in. o. Sept. 20. '64 Heitz S'iplia, e. Aug. 20. '61. re-enl. as vet. Hays Hugh, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. March 22, '64 disab. Homes Marcus, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch Jan. 1, '62 disab. Haskei Charles, e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded, pris. of war Hobson Archibald, e. Aug. 20, '61, died at Nash- ville, Teun. Oct. 23, '62 Huff Samuel, e. Aug. 20, '61, died at Cairo Aug. 5, Hobsam Elam, e. Aucr. 20. '61, in. o. Sept. 20. '64 Harvey Wm. e. Aug. 20, '61. di>ch. Feb. '62, disab. Jeffrie* John, e. Au,'. 20. '61, disch. Sjpt. 15, '62, disab. Jones John, e. Aug. 20, '61. m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Kimball Francis, e. AUJJ: 20. '61, m. o. Sept. 20 '64 Kennett John. e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 20. '64 Lathrop Myron, e. Aug. 20, '61. m. o. Sept. 20. '64 McCoriuick James, e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Mawson, Robert, e. Sept. 2. '61, m. o. Sept. 20. '64 Miller Joseph, e. Sept. 2, '61, died at Cairo. March 5. '62 Megjfinson Richardson, Sept. 2, '61, died at Cairo. Oct. 19, '61 Post Win. e Aug. 20. '61, disch. Got. 22. disab. Pratt Win. e. Aug. 20, '61, wounded and captured at Chickamauga Russell Wm. e.Aug, 20, '61, died at Louisville, Dec. 1. '63 Ransom John. e. Sep f . 2, '61, disoli. Feb. 20, disab. Hansom Win. H. e. Sept. 2. '61. wounded ar, Ben- nington and Cliickamauga, m. o. Sept. 20, '64, as Corp. Ross Francis A. e. Sept. 2, '61, disch. March 28, '63, disab. Steere John, e. Sept. 2. '61, wounded at Cliickamauga and Resara, m. o. Sept. 20, '64. as Corp. Simiikins George, e. Sept. 2, '61, wounded, m. o. Sept. 20, '64 Sargeant James, e. Aug. 20, '61. disch. Dec. 10, '61, disab. Sargeant James M. e. Aug. 20. '61. re-enl. as vet. Thompson Sylvester, e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 20. '64, was pris. Wilder Newton, e. Aug. 20, '61, died of wounds rec. at Mission Ridge. VETERANS. Benjamin John W. e. Jan. 1, '64, transf. to Co. G, 9th 111. as consolidated Burdltt John H.e. Jan. 1, '64 transf. to Co. G, 9th III. as consolidated Burd Willis W. e. Jan. 1, '64, transf. to Co. E, 9th III. as consolidated Delaney Michael, e. Jan. 1, '64, died wounds July 9, '64 Frazure Thos. J. e. Jan. 1. '64, killed in action May 26, '64 Hietz Sopha e. Jan. 1, '64, transf. to Co. G. 9th 111. as consolidated Sargeant James M. e. Feb. 9, '61. trausf. to Co G, 9th 111. as consolidated RECRUITS. Benjamin George T e. March 18. '64 Hanbach Charles, e. Sept. 1, '61, re-enl. as vet. Holmes Philip, e. Fei>. 5, '62 Hall Joseph, e. Dec. 29, '63, died at Vining Station. Ga. Aug. 20. '64 Isom John B. e. Sept. 20, '61, m. o. June 16, '65 McGraw Roger, e. Feb. 5, '62, disch. April 19, '63, disab. O'Reilly Thomas, e. Feb. 5, '62, re-enl. as vet. Pasley Charles, e. Oct. 18, '61, disch. July 16, '62. disab. Senseman David, e. Sept. 26, '61, transf. to non- com, staif Simi'kins Geo. (2d) e. Sept. 26, '61, disch. July 20, '63, disab. Sargeant Henry, e. Nov. 28. '61, m. o. Dec. 2, '64 Sears G o. W. re-enl. as vet. SVHlliiins Robt. e.'Jnne 1, '62, w ounded at Mission Ridge, tiansf. to V. R. C. in. o. June 16. '65 Watt Win. e. April 11, '64, transf. to Co. G. 9th 111. as consolidated Wheeler John A. e. Oct. 10, '61, transf. to Co. G, 9th 111. as consolidated UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. Branum Nap. J. e. Feb. 20, '65, in. o. June 3. '65 Hanson Robt. e. Sept. 2, '61, died at Cairo, Oct. 18, '61 Higginson B. e. Sept. 2, '61 \andall Sam. M. e. Feb. 20, '65, TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. COMPANY C. PRIVATE. James Isaac, e. Aug. 21, '61, died Fort Holt, Ky., Nov. 15, '61 TWENTY EIGHTH (Consolidated) INFAN- TRY. COMPANY C. RECRUIT. Tlghe Thomas, e. Apr. 3, '64, m. o. March 16, '66 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 447 COMPANY E. PRIVATE. HIte John, e. Oct. 25, '64, in. o. Oct. 24, '65 COMPANY K. Reed James W. e. Mar. 22, '65, dishon. disch, Oct. 29. '65. sen. G. C. M. Smith Charles M. e. Mar. 20, '65, m. o. Mar. 16, '66 TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY. Lieur. Col. James E. Dunlap, rank, Aug. 27, '61, res. Mar. 14, '62 COMPANY B. Corp. Rout. Delany, e. Sept. 1, '61. re-enl. as vet. VETERAN. Delany Robt. e. Jan. 4, '64, absent, sick, at m. o. of regt. THIRTIETH INFANTRY. COMPANY O. DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUITS. Brandon Thomas F. e. Oct. 5, 64, in. o. July 17, '65 Gibbs David M. e. Oct. 5. '64, m. o. July 17, '65 THIRTY-FIRST INFANTRY. COMPANY K. PRIVATE. Bistole Michael, e. Aug. 22, '61, killed Fort Don. Feb. 15, '62 THIRTY-SECOND INFANTRY. Lieut. Col. John VV. Ross, rank Aug. 16. '61, died Apr. 11, '62. wounds rec. at Shiloh, Apr. 6, '62 Adj. Alex Vanwinkle, rank Aug. 22, '61, res. Aug. 26. '64 Surgeon Win. S. Edgar, rank Sept. 26, '61, hon. disch. \ng. 2, '65 Surgeon Win. H. H King, rank Sept. 2, '65, m. o. (as asst. sergi.) Sept. 16, '65 Second Asst. Surgeou Win. H. H. King, rank Feb. 3, '65, pro. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Sergt. Maj. Alex Vanwinkle. pro. adjutant. Coin'y Sergt. Geo.W. Ro. Nov. 24, '65 Hutchiuson James, e. Jan. 1, '64, disch. June 16, '65, disabled Potter Joseph, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Sorrells Peier, e. Jan. 1, '64. m. o. Mov. 24, '65 RECRUITS. Ayers Thomas, e. Feb. 15, '65, drowned Mar. 2, '65 Brennan Matthew, e. Mar. 29, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Byline Wm. e. Feb. 15. '64, in. o. Nov. 24. '65 Dickinson Hartas, e. Mar. 29, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65, as Corp. Dickinson Francis, e. Feb. 26, '64, died June 7, '65 Descellar Wm. e. Feb. 15, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65, as Corp. Dickinson Samuel, e. Feb. 15. '64, drowned March 2, '65 Davis Thomas, e. March 29. '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Lang John F. e. Feb. 15, '64. m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Potter Ralph, e. Feb. 15, '64, drowned Mar. 2, '65 COMPANY I. PRIVATE. Rinck Gottfriet, e. Aug. 18, '61, m. o. Oct. 1 1, '64 COMPANY K. Capt. Edward H. Twining, rank July 1, '62, pro. A. D. C. Sept. 28. '64 Capt. Franklin Adams, rank Sept. 28, '04, pro. bv . President Nov. 16, '64 First Lieut. Franklin Adams, rank Mar. 1, '62. pro. Sergt. Wm. H Edgar, e. Aug. 21, '61, disch. Dec. 7. 'til. disabled Corp. Henry Lightfoot. e. Aug. 21, '61, disch. Feb. 20, '62, disabled Musician John J. Robertson, e. Aug. 21, '61, m. o. Oct. 11, '64 PRIVATES. Moulton John H. e. Aug. 21, '61, m. o. Oct. 11, '64, as Sergt. Stephenson Joseph B. e. Aug. 21, '61, disch. Dec. 4, '64, disabled Tefft Willis, e. Aug. 21, '61, transf. to Co. I. Twining Edward H, e. Aug. 21, '61, pro. Capt. VETERANS. Huffaker Warren S. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Mentree Leonard, e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 RECRUITS. Creed Colby, e. Feb. 11, '65, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Farmer Wm. H. e. Fen. 11, '65. m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Fortney John F. M. e. Feb. 11, '65. m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Gard John, e. April 11. '64, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Hawkenberry Joseph A. e. Feb. 11, '65, absent with- out leave Sept. 11. '65 Kelton John W. e. Feb. 11. '65. drowned Mar. 2, '65 Lyon Lucius D. e. Feb. 11, '65, disch. Oct. 11, '65, disabled Lucas John D. e. Feb. 11, '65, died at Salem, Ala. June 1, '65 Miller David, e. Feb. 11. '65, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 Spencer Joseph M. e. Sept. 1, '61, re-enl. as vet. Worth Clark, e. Feb. 11, '65, m. o. Nov. 24, '65 UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Long John F. e. Feb. 15, '65 THIRTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. Quartermaster David H. Talbott, rank Mar. 21, '63, term ex. Nov. 6, '64 Commissary Sergi. David H. Talbott, e. Sept. 24, '61, pro. Regt. Quartermaster COMPANY C. VETERANS. Allen Alexander, e. Dec. 23, '63, pro. Second Lieut. from Sergt, Black J. Lindsey, e. Dec. 23, '63, p-o. First Lieut. from Sergt. Brown Thomas W. e. Dec. 23, '63, disch. April 28, '65, disabled Burgy Jacob, e. Dec. 23, '63, wounded, m. o. July 12, '65 Emmert Jacob B. e. Dec. 23. '63. m. o. July 12, '65 Griffith Wm. H. e. Dec. 23, '63, transf. to U. S. E. C. July 25. '64 Griffith Cyrus, e. Dec. 23, '63, m.o. July 12, '65, as Corp. Hottinasfr Henry, e. Dec. 23, '63, died at Franklin Grove, Mar. 17, '64 Johnson Morris, e. Dec. 23. '63, m. o. July 12, '65 Lytle John H. e. Dec. 23, '63, m. o. July 12, '65, as Corp. Laccerte Joseph, e. Dec. 23, '63, kid. at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, '64 Morrisey James, e. Dec. 23, '63, m. o. July 12, '65 O'Neal Edward, e. Dec. 23, '63, m. o. July IA '65, as First Sergt. Willroy James T. e. Dec. 23. '63, m. o. July 12. '65 Wortley Samuel S. e.Dec. 23. '63, m. o. July 12, '65 Wittman Chas. P. e. Dec. 23, '63, m. o. July 12, '65, as Corp. Wingert David, e. Dec. 23, '63, pro. First Lieut. from Sergt. RECRUIT. Hays Thomas, e. Oct. 19, '62, m. o. July 12, '65, as Corp. COMPANY I>. First Lieut. Henrv A. Jeffs, rank May 5, '65, m. o. July 12, '65 " MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 449 RECRUITS. Bollls Danl. W. e. Feb. 22, '64, vet. rect. wounded, m. o.July 12, '65, Crumb Columbus W. e. Feb. 22, '64, vet. rect. m. o. July 12, '65 COMPANY E. Corp. Geo. F. Cheshire, e. Sept. 18, '61 Musician Geo. S. Wade, e. Sept. 24, '61 PRIVATES. ivmlava John W. e. Sept. 12. '61, re-enl. as vet. Hore Win. e. Sept. 18. '61, died at Corinth, Miss. JennessGeo. B. e. Sept. 24. "61, m. o. Sept. 12, '64 L-phom Avery, e. Sept. 18. '61. m. o. Sept. 17, '64 Miner Charles E. e. Sept. 12. '61, re-enl. as vet. Newgent Wm. e. Sept. 24, '61. re-enl. as vet. Tvcrs Thomas, e. Sept. 7, '61, m. o. Sept. 12, '64 Tyers Frederick, e. Sept. 18, '61 RECRUITS. L;iwrence John. e. Oct. 9, '61, disch. Oct. 8, '64, term ex. Piper Edward T. e. Oct. 9, '61, disch. Sept. 4, '62 DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUITS. O'Brien Win. e. March 27. '65, substitute Vail John, e. March 27. '65. substitute Willis Edward, March 27. '65, substitute COHPANY F. DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUIT. Denan John, e. March 17, '65, sub. never reported to Co. CO MP\NY G. Capt. Mabey G. Greenwood, rank Sept. -4, '62, killed at MiirphyslMiro. Dec. 31, '62 Capf. James M. Perkins, rank June 14, '65, m. o. Julv 12, '65 First Llent. Thos. J. Carney, rank June 19, '63, dls- hon. disin. April 27. '65 First Lieut. James M, Perkins, rank June 8, '65, pro. Second Lieut. Saml. R. Cavender, rank Sept. 4, '61, res. March 16, '62 Second Lieut. Spencer C. Rawllngs, rank March 16, '62. res. Nov. 16. '62 Seco'id Lieut. Thomas J. Carney, rank Jan. 1, '63, pro. Sergt. SnencerC. Rawlings. e. Aug. 10, '61 Corp. Thomas .J. Carney, e. Aug. 10, '61, pro. to Sec- ond Lieut, from Sergt. Corp. James M. Perkins, e. Aug. 10, '61, re-enl as Corn. Wm. A. Nell. e. Aug. 10, '61, disch. May 9, '62, disab. Corp. Isaac A. Mick, e. Aug. 10. '61, re-enl. as vet. PRIVATES. Cavender John P. e. Aug. 10, '61. died at Louisville, Nov. 6. '61 Mick Peter, Sr. e. Aug. 10, '61, died at Louisville, Jan. 16, '62 Monroe Jesse, e. Aug. 10, '61, disch. Sept. 16, '62, dli>. Mick Peter, e. Aug. 10. '61, re-enl. as vet. VETERAN. Mick Isaac, e. Jan. 5, '64. m. o. July 12, '65, as Sergt. RECRUIT. Guthrie Milton, e. Feb. 23, '64, m. o. July 31, '65 DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUITS. Kills Win. e. March 23. '65, Sub. des. June 25, '65 Stanton Charles, e. March 30, '65, Sub. never re- ported to Co. COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Cain J. Andrew, e. Sept. 7. '61. disch. at Cin. Hill Robert, e. March 8, '65, in. o. Sept. 21, '65 THIRTY-SIXTH INFANTRY. COMPANY G, DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUIT. McGill Francis, e, Oct. 3, '64. Sub. m. o. Oct. 8, '65. THIRTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. COMPANY F. PRIVATE. Dustin Holmes, e. Aug. 16, '61, transf. to Co. A. Aug. 3, '62 COMPANY G. Corp. Saml. T. Cox, e. Aug. 26, '61, disch. May 30, '62 THIRTY-NINTH INFANTRY. COMPANY B. PRIVATE. Cook Levi, died at Washington, D. C. Oct. 27, '62 COMPANY D. VETERANS. Gottlieb Horn, e. Jan. 1. '64, m. o. Dec. 6, '65, as mu- sician Dresser Lewis, e. Jan 1, '64, killed at Deep Run, Va. Aug. 16, '64 FORTY-FIRST INFANTRY. COMPANY A. VETERAN. White John R. e. Dec. 18, '63, transf. to Co. A Vet. Bat FORTY-THIRD (Consolidated) INFANTRY. COMPANY I>. RECRUITS. Montgomery Robt. e. Feb. 27. '65. des. Sept. 24, '65 Sherrell Robt. H. e. Feb. 27, '65, des. Oct. 4, '65 COMPANY E. RECRUITS. Saney James P. e. Feb. 27. '65. m. o. Nov. 30. '65 Westner James, e. Feb. 27, '65. m. o. Nor. 30, '65 COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Holman Alfred A. e Apr. 5, '65, died at Camp But- ler. III., May 9. '65 Nelson Louis, e. Mar. 29. '65. -les. Apr. 25. '65 Patterson James, e. Apr. 5, '65. des. Apr. 16, '65 Wivil Levi, e. Apr. 7, '65, m. o. Nov. 30, '65 FORTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COM PA "NY E. PRIVATE. Schaflf ner John, e. Aug 1. '61, des. Oct. 24, '62 COMPANY G. Corp. Wm. H. Miner, e. Aug. 1, '61, re-enl. as vet. Musician Amo-* C. Delancy, e. Aug 1, '61, des. at Annapolis, Md. PRIVATE. Dobson Charles, e. Aug. 1. '61, disch. June 11, '62 FORTY-FIFTH INFANTRY. Col. Chas. H. Adams, rank Sept. 9, '61, not mustered res. to Governor COMPANY F. Corp. Chas. A. Hall, e. Oct. 29, '61, died at St. Louis, Sept. 26, '63 PRIVATE. Foss Charles E. e. Dec. 9. '61, disch. Apr. 24, '62, disab. FIFTIETH INFANTRY. COMPANY A. Corp. Thomas B. Anderson, e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Sept. 27, '64, as Serat. COMPANY B. Sersrt. John Dunlan. e. Aug. 20, '61. re-enl. as vet. Corp. Edmond O. Yeldell, e. Aug. 20, '61, re-enl. as vet. Musician Elias Orton, e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 27, '64 PRIVATES. Anderson C. S. e. Aug. 20. ' 1, m. o. Sept. 27. '64 BathnnnJ. W. e. Aug. 20, '61, disch. Aug. 26, '62, disab. Cassell Gabriel, e. Ana. 20. '61. re-enl. as vet. Clark John L. e. Aug. 20. '61. re-enl. as vet. Cain Joseph, e. Aucr. 20, 'HI. re-en', as vet. Dunlap T. H. e. Aug. 20, '61, re-enl. as vet. Davis Hezkiah, e. Aner. 20. 'fil. died at Hamburg Davis Abraham, e. Auir. 20. '61. in. o. Sept. 27, '64 Fowler J. H. e. Aug. 20. '61. re-enl. as vet. Hicks L. J. e. Aug. 20. '61, re-enl. as vet. Huddleson Win. e. Auu. 20. '61, disch. June 20, '63. disab. 450 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. Johnson D. M. e. Aug. 20, '61, m. o. Sept. 27, '65 Kemp Jolm, e. Aug. 20, '61, died at Clayton, 111., May 18, '62 Martin Win. e. Aug. 20, '61 Orton Warren, e. Aug. 20, '61. re-enl. as vet. Tingey Wm. e. Aug 20, '61, in. o. Sept. 27, '65. VETERANS. Clark J.L.e. Dec. 28, '63, in. o. July 13, '65, fur- lough Cain Joseph, e. Dec. 28, '63, m. o. July 13. '65 Duuiap John, e. Dec. 28, '63, pro. First Sergr. then First Lieut. Dunlap Thos. H. e. Dec. 28, '63, m. o. July 13, '65, furlough Fowler J. H. e. Dec. 28. '63, m. o. Julv 13. '65 Hicks L. J. e. Dec. 28. '63. m. o. July 13. '5, Corp. Orton Warren, e. Dec. 28, '63, m. o. July 13, '65, Sergt. Yeldeh E. O. e. Dec. 28, '63, m. o. July 13, '65, Sergt. RECRUITS. Bennett Wm. J. e. Feb. 5, '64, m. o. July 13, '65 Casse A. N. e. Feb. 5, '64, m. o. July 13, '65 Dncld John H. e. Jan. 1. '63, in. o. July 13. '65 Hamilton Win. e. Oct. 24. '64, n>. o. July 13, '65 Nookes A. B. e. Feb. 24, '64, in. o. July 15, '65, was Norton WTO. H. e. Feb. 5, '64 m. o. July 13. '65 Reausrh John T. e. Feb. 4, '64, in. o. July 13. '65 Yeldell R. C. e. Feb. 24. '64, iii.'o. July 13, '65 COMPANY E. PRIVATE. Mayer Geo. D. e. Oct. 8, '61, dlsch. June 16, '62, disabled ' FIFTY-THIRD INFANTRY. COMPANY D. DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUIT. Core Henry e. March 31, '65, sub. in. o. July 22, '65 UNASSIGNED AND DRAFTED RECRUITS. Potter Elijah, e. March 28, '65, m. o. May 8, '65 Strait Edward, e. March 23, '65, sub. m. o. May 8, '65 Walters J. W. e. March 30, '65. m. o. May 8, '65 Wilson Lewis, e. April 11, '65, m. o. May 8, '65 FIFTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY K. RECRUIT. Garner Wm. e. Feb. 9, '65, in. o. Oct. 15, '65 DRAFTED AND UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Phelps W. S. e. Jan. 27, '65, rejected by board FIFTY-SIXTH INFANTRY. COMPANY I. First Sergt. Isaac Piasters, e. Dec. 16, '61. Transf. to Co. E. Nov. 1, '62 Sergt. Elishii Dil.ou. e. Dec. 16, '61. Transf. to Co. E. Nov. 1. '62 Serge. Valentine Rich, e. Dec. 16, '61, disch. Sept. 22. '62 Serge. John J. Mays, e. Dec. 16, '61. Transf. to Co. E. Nov. 1. '62 FIFTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. RECRUIT. Oliverson T. R. e. Keb. 26. '64, m. o. July 7, '65 COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Brook Tho. e. Sept. 7. '61 UiizeUlen Sam I. e. Oct. 21, '61. re-enl. as vet, Hornby (ieo. C. e. Sept. 15, '61. disch. June 18, '62, disabled Oakes Lifavette, e. Sept. 22, '61, died at Quincy, May 17, ''62 Pag,- 1. 1). e. Oct. 25, '61 Simpson John, e. ,sei>t. 25, '61 Wilkinson H. e. Sept. 25, '61, re-enl. as vet. Zink Wm. A. e. Sept. 17, '61, killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62 FIFTY-EIGHTH (Consolidated) INFANTRY. ('orpl. Ezekiel Brown, e, March 21, '65, m.o. March 6 '66 PRIVATES. Harris Wm. e. March 6. '65, m. o. March 8, '66 Hlnnis J. H. e. March 7, '65. m. o. March 23. '66 Me Falls B. D. e. March 7, '65, in. o. March 23. '66 McNab David, e. March 6, '60. m. o. March 5. '66 Vancil G. H. e. March 6, '65. absent, sick, at m. o. of COMPANY I. First Sergeant. C. S. Back, e. March 1, '65, m. o. March 1, '66 Corp. S. D. Moore, e. March 24, '65, m. o. March 24 , '66, as Sergt. FIFTY-NINTH INFANTRY. COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Greene Joshua, e. July 30, '61, re-enl. as vet. SIXTY-FIRST INFANTRY. Chaplain Edward Ruttledge, rank May 16, '62, res Sept. 8. '62 COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Johnson J. D. e. Nov. 29, '61, disch. Jnne 10, '62 disabled RECRUITS. Dempsey John, e. Dec. 31. '63, in. o. Sept. 28, '65 Engle (or England) J. e. Dec. 25, '63, absent iu con- finement, G. C. M. COMPANY B. RECRUIT. Vix Yancy, e. Jan. 31, '65, des. April 15, '65 COMPANY F. VETERANS. Birdsell Wm.e. March 25, '64, died at Franklin.Tenn. May 5, '65 Osboru A. L. e. Feb. 9, '64, in. o. Sept. 8, '65 RECRUITS. Dowley Peter, e. Jan. 28,'64, m. o. May 11, '65, never joined company Miner J. M. e. Jan. 28, '64, m. o, Sept. 8, '65. as Corp. Ryaii Andrew, e. Nov. 26. '63, in. o. Sept. 8, '65 UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Smith Elley, e. Jan. 4, '64 SIXTY-SECOND INFANTRY. DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTE RECRUIT. Gills Henry, e. Feb. 18, '65. sub. trans, to Co. B. as consolidated SIXTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Holderby John, e. Oct. 18, '61, des. Aug. 18, '62 SIXTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Fox S. S. e. June 2, '61 SIXTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. Adj. John S. Bishop, rank June 20. '62, m. o. Sept. Capt. John M. King, rank June 23, '62, m, o. Sept. First Lieut. Win. B. Harrison, rank June 23 '62. m. o. Sept. 26. '62 COMPANY A. First Sergt. Geo. R. Bibb, e. May 27. '62 Sergt. Henry F. Liglitfoot, e. May 27, '62 Sergt. John S. Bishop, e. May 27, '62 Sergt. James M. Goodrich, e. May 27. '62 Sergt. David King, Jr. e. May 27, '62 Corp. Wm. T. Reid, e. May 27. '62 Corp. Win. E. Capps. e. May 27, '62 Corp. W. S. Conner, e. May 27, '62 Corp. C. H. Ayers, e. May 27, '62 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 451 Corp. H . B. Shirley, e. May 27, '62 Corp. F. C. Garbott, e. May 27, '62 Corp. I. N. Hicks, e. May 27, '62 Musician \Vin. H. Conehnrin, e. May 27, '62 Musician J. R. Smith, e. May 27, '62 PRIVATES. Acorn Thos. R. e. May 27. '62 Anrhonv I). S. e. Mav 27. '62 Hatev Michael, e. June 15, '62 Brown James A. e. May 27, '62 Biisi'v J. B. e. May 27. '62. trans, to 70th 111. Inf. Busey S. M. e. May 27, '62. trans, to 70ch 111. Inf. Hnc-k Michael, P. May 27. '62 Coats J. H. e. May 27. '62 Coleman W. e. May 27, '62 romlln G. P. e May 27, '62 Dickenson F. W. e. May 27, '62 DinwiddiH Samuel, e. May 27, '62, trans, to 70th III. Inf. Ducket Albert, e. May 27, '62 Edwards J. J. e. May 27, '62 Fish-r J. H. e. May 27. '62 Flanders (iilmore, e. May 27, '62 Gallaher J. A. e. May 27. '62 Gapin Edward H. e. May 27, '62 Gii.bins Win. T. e. Mav 27 '62, trans, to 70th 111. Inf. Gladhill John. e. May 27, '62 Graves C. H. e. May 27. '62 Gray S B. e. May 27. '62 Gr^en J. R. e. May 27, '621 (irimsley E. G. e. May 27. '62 Hamilton Joseph, e. Mav 27, '62 He iderson Madison, e. May 27, '62 Hocking Alfred, e. May 27. '62 Hunter I. X. e. May 27. '62 Hurst J. S. e. May 27. '62 Kerr Robt, e. May 27. '62 Linville James, e. May 27, '62 Litton J. I), e. May 27. '62 Loar B. F. e. May '27, '62. transf. to 70th 111. Inf. Marshall J. G. e. May 27. '62 Masters Win. e. May 27, 'h2 Metcalf Geo. e. May 27. '62 McColain Donald, e. May 27, '62 Milling John S. e. May 27. '62 McCormlck Thos. e. May 27, '62 McEvers Byron, e. May 27, '62 McKavitt Arthur, e. May 27. '62 McM irray Win. H. e. May 27, '62 Moss J L. e. May 27. '62 ' Moss W. D. e. May 27, '62 Ornellas A. D. e. May 27, '62 O'Sullivan Patrick, e. May 27, '62 Patrick C. H. e. May 27 '62 Pitcher W. H. e. May 27, '62 Qu-irton Robi. e. May 27, '62 R>iiid C. H. e. May 27, '62 R^avick J. D. e. May 27, '62 Riley Thomas I. e. May 27. '62 Kos John H. e. Mav 27, '62 Roley Wm. e. May 27. '62, transf. to 70th 111. Inf. Rason Geo. W. e. May 27 '62 Ruark J. N. e. May 27. '62 Sargeant C. A. e. Mav 27, '62 Sargeant Wm. S. e. May 27, '62 Smith J. L. e. May 27. '62 Smith Geo. W. eJ'May 27, '62 Spain ho ward Daniel.' e. May 27, '62 Stagg J. M. e. May 27. '62 Tho ndyke J. I. e. June 10. '62 TuriiHr C. A. e. May 27, '62 Urgerhart Geo. e. Mav 27. "62 Walker J. H. e. May 27, '62 Wi Hough by Richaid, e. May 27. '62 Willoiighby SkelDui e. May'27. '62 Wily Taylor E. e. May 27. '62, transf. to 70th 111. Inf. Wiuneld Morris, e. May 27, '62 COMPANY B. PRIVATE. Eagle Thomas, e. June 23. '62 RECRUIT Dyne J. L, e. May 27, '62 SEVENTY-FIRST (Three Months) INFAN- TRY. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. Miller David, e. July 11, '62 Withers Thornton, e. July 11, '62 SEVENTY-THIRD INFANTRY. First Asst. Surgeon, Rol>t. E. Stephenson, rank Aug. 21, '62, res. Nov. 30, '63. First Asst. Surgeon Henry C. 'McPhersoii, rank April 13, '64. in. o. June 12, '65 Chaplain John S. Barger. rank, Aug. 21, '62, res. April 3. '63 Musician Robt. N. S. Barger, e. Aug. 8, '62, m. o. June 12, '65 SEVENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY G. Capt. Win. R. Hoadley, rank June 27, '64, m. o. to date, June 10, '65 First Lieut. Wm. R. Hoadley, rank Sept 4, '62, pro. Sergt. Wm. R. Douglass, e. Aug. 12, '62. disch. Aug. 10, '63, to accept pro. as First Lieut. CJ. S. C. T. Corp. N. <). Burroughs, e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 10. '65, Sergt. Musician Prescott Talbott, e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 10, '65 PRIVATES. Campbell J. N. e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, Corp. Francis James, e. Aug. 12. '62. in. o. June 10, '65 Gifford J. B. e. Aug. 12, '62, Corp. died Knoxvllle, Tenn.. Feb. 6. '64 Moore J. D. e. Aug. 12. '62, m. o June 10. '65 Wiley J. F. e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 10, '65 SEVENTY-SIXTH INFANTRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATES. Bnrgess Jacob, e. July 24, '62, disch. July 8, '63, dlsah. Eastburn H. H. e. July 24, '62, m. o. July 22. '65 East burn D. C. e. July 24. '62. in. o. July 22, '65 Eastburn W. G. e. July 24. '62, in. o. July 22. .'65 Jacobs D.G. e. July 24, '62, died at Memphis, Feb. 12, '63 Karr J. H. e. July 24. '62. m. o. July 22, '65 O'Brien J. H. e. July 24, '62, died at Vlcksburg, Dec. 26. '63 Strickler Henry, e. July 24, '62. m. o. May 23. '65 COMPANY E. Capt. Abram Irvin, rank Aug. 22, '62, disch. Dec. 10, '64 First Lieut, Jas. H. Eastburn, rank Dec. 10, '64, m. o. July 22, '65 Sergt. J. H. Eastburn, e. Aug. 7, '62, pro. First Sergt. then First Lieut. Sergt. T. J. Donovan, e. Aug. 1, '62, m. o. July 22, '65. private Corp. Francis Williamson, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. July 22, '65, Sergt. Corp. Sylvester Hall, e. Aug. 1, '62, diea July 29, '64. wounds Corp. Samuel Nosker, e. Aug. 4, '62, in. o. July 22, '65, private Musician S. P. Mitchell, e. Aug. 4, '62, m, o. May 31, '65 Wagoner Joseph Eastburn, e. Aug. 7, '62, died at Sheldon, III., Dec. 9, '64 PRIVATES. Ash Nelson, e. Aug. 4 '62. disch. May 21, '65. disab. Bennett Joseph, e. Aug. 4, '62. in. o. July 22. '65 Clemens Samuel, e. Aug. 4, '62, died at Moscow, Tetin., Feb. 2. '63 Friel Win. M. e. Aug. 6, '62. m. o. July 22. '65. Corp. Fraser Geo. W. e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. July 22. '65 Fry Martin, e. Aug. 9, '62. in. o June 11. '65 Gilbert Sinsrieton, e. Auir. 15. '62. in. o. July 22, '65 Hauurhn J. T. e. Aug. 9, '62. disch. Feb. 3.'o4. disab. Hoglaiid Eli, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. March 25, '63, disab. Mantel F. W. e. Aug. 9, '62 died at Cairo, Nov. 15, '63 Markley A. W. e. Aug. 4, '62, killed near Jackson, Miss. July 7, '64 Pierce Saml. e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. July 22. '65. Potter Henry, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. July 22, '65, as Cor]). Swope Geo. J. e. Aug. 11, '62. m. o. July 22. '65, Wood Wm. e. Aug. 9, '62. in. o. July 22, '65, as Corp. RECRUIT. Caldwell Saml. died at Memphis, May 4, '63 EIGHTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. COMPANY C. RECRUITS. Goodman Albert, e. March 14, '65, transf. to Co. I. 18th 111. Inf. Stephens Ueo. e. March 14, '65, transf. to Co. I, 18th 111. Inf. Weiss James, e. March 14, '65, died at Helena, Ark. April 19, '65 452 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. NINETY-FIRST INFANTRY. COMPANY K. Capt. Benj. Newman, rank Sept. 8, '62, res. May 11, '64 COMPANY G. PRIVATES. Aired Jesser, e. Aug. 9. '62, m. o. July 12, '65 M.irline Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. April 8, '65, disab. RECRUITS. Bozarth Wm. L. e. Jan. 5, '64, transf. to Co. K, 28th 111. Inf. SargeantThos. J. e. Jan. 4, '64, trausf. to Co. K, 28th 111. Inf. NINETY-SECOND INFANTRY. COMPANY A. RECRUIT. Knott Wm. e. Oct. 6, '64, transf. to Co. I, 65th 111. Inf. COMPANY K. Musician D. G. Clark, e. Aug. 12, '62, died at Frank- lin, Tenn. March 15, '63 NINETY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY F. PRIVATES. Colster James, e. Aug. 1, '62, m. o. July 17, '65 as First Sergt. Powell Swanson. e. Aug. 1, '62, died at Brownsville, Tex. March 26, '64 Patterson James, e. Aug. 1, '62, m. o. July 17, '65 COMPANY K. Musician Root. A. MoClure, e. July 20, '62, m. o. July 17, '65 PRIVATES. Burch H. C. e. Aug. 21, '62. m. o. July 17, '65, as Corp. Burch T. C. e. July 20, '62, m. o. July 17, '65, as Corp. Howell Charles, e. Aug. 15, '62, detached atm. o. of Begt Sayles Andrew, e. Aug. 20. '62, m. o. July 17, '65 NINETY-FIFTH INFANTRY. Col. Thos. W. Humphrey, rank Sept. 4, '62, res. Jan. 24. '63 Lieut. Col. Thos. W. Humprey, ran : Sept. 4, '62, pro. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. Garland W. H. e. Aug. 8, '62, m. o. May 27. '65 Gihbs P. T. e. Aug. 7. '62. in. o. May 27, '65 Morrison John, e. July 28, '62, in. o. July 15, '65, Randall M/A. e. July 26, '62. disch. March 24, '63, disab. Ward J. H. e. Aug. 5. '62, des. Sept. 18, '62 NINETY-NINTH INFANTRY. UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Erskue Isaac, e. March 28, '65, m. o. Aug. 8, '65 ONE HUNDRED AND FIRST INFANTRY. The One Hundred and First Infantry Regiment Illinois Volunteers was organized ;it Camp Duncan, Jacksonville, Illinois, during the latter part of the month of August, 1862. and on September 2d were formally mustered into the United States service, by Capt Charles Ewing, Thirteenth Illinois Infantry.' For about a month after muster-in, the regiment remained at Camp Duncan engaged in drilling and equipping for tin- field. At last on the 6th of Octo- ber, march 'iig orders came, and, embarking on the cars, the reg'ment on the evening of the 7th reached Ckiro at sunset. There the regiment remained for over a month, doing garrison duty. The interim was devoted t<> drill, in which I he regiment became so proficient as to win a very fair name. In conse- quence of the rainy weather, there was a great rleal of sickness while at Cairo, and a good many of the men were discharged or died from disease. Nov. 26th, the regiment left Cairo, and proceeded down the river to Columbus, Ky., and thence by rail to Davis' Mills, Mississippi, where it was assigned to Loomis' Brigade of Ross' Division, Army of the Tennessee. Nov. 28th, it started on its first march, and, on the 30th, reached Lutnpkin's Mills, six miles south of Hotly Springs, where the regiment first heard the clash of contending arms." from the Tallahatchie River, six miles beyond. The regiment remained at Lumpkin's Mills three days, when it received orders to reiurn to Hollv Springs, Mississippi, for provost and garrison duty. Dec. 13th, Co. A, Capt. John B. Lesage, was sent to Cairo with rebel prisoners. Dec. 20th, Holly Springs was captured, and Companies B, C, E, F, I. and the sick men of Co. A, who had been left be- hind, were taken prisoners and paroled. Soon after, they were sent to Memphis, thence to Benton Bar- racks, Mo., where they remained until exchanged in June, 1863. At the Holly Springs disaster, the men of this reuiment on duty did all they could under the cir- cumstances. Another regiment was doing the picket duty, while the One Hundred and First was in the town doing provost duty, and divided about the town In squads, too small to make resistance to the overpowering numbers that surrounded them. Wherever the blame of this disaster shall rest, it surely should not attach itself to the One Hundred and First Illinois. When the town was captured. Companies D, G. H. and K, which were stationed along the railroad, fell back to Cold Water, where they fell in with the Nineteenth Illinois (Irish Legion), and assisted greatly in repelling Van Dorn's attack on that place. Afterward th^sefour companies were formed into a battalion and tem- porarily assigned to the Fourteenth Illinois Volun- teers, and did a great deal of scouting service over Tennessee, finally bringing up ;it Memphis. Tenn., in February, 1863. Here they were joined by Co. A, Capt. Lesage. who took command of the battalion. On leaving Holly Springs, Co. A proceeded to Cairo, and thence to Vicksbnrg, but was sent back up the river with prisoners. About the first of January, the prisoners were turned over at Alton, III., but not till the company had been fearfully decreased by sickness incurred while on that duty. Often Capt. Lesage could not muster half a dozen men for duty, and this, too, when lie had over a thousand prisoners under his charge. Early in March, the battalion was ordered down to Vicksburg. where it was broken up, and the companies assigned to various independent duties. Co. K was assigned to provost duty at G p n. Grant's headquarters; Co. A to the "Gen. Bragg"; Co. G to the ram ''Switzerland "; Co. B to the "Rattler" and the "Crocket," and Co. H to the " Lafayette. 11 From this until the final re- union of the regiment, each company had it.s sep- arate history of scouts, skirmishes, and expeditions up and down the Mississippi and its tributary streams. Co. G had the honor of running the blockade of Vicksburg, for which service, after its fall, Gen. Grant furloughed the whole company. On the 7th of June, the other part of the company was exchanged, and sent down to New Madrid, Mo. On July llth, they were sent to Columbus, Ky.. whence they were smarted out in a series of scouts and expeditions, which terminated ab >ut the 22d of August by their bringing up at Union City, Tenn. Here they remained about a month, during which time Companies A, D, G, H, and K rejoined them, and completed the reunion of the regiment, which remained a unit thenceforth. Sept. 21, 1863, the regiment received orders trans- ferring it to the Department of the Cumberland, and started at once for Louisville. Kv.. via Cairo and Sandoval. 111., and Mitchell and New Albany, Ind. arriving in Louisville Sept. 27th. On the 30th, it left Louisville via Nashville, and arrived at Bridgeport, Ala.. Oct. 2d. and remained there until the 27th. This period of service is always referred to as a hard time, owing to the severe rains and des- titution of tents. In fact, most of the regim -nt was tentles* until the 1st of January following. Oct. 27th. the regiment was temporarily assigned to the First Brigade, Third Division. Eleventh Army Corps, and started on the march to the front, arriv- ing next day at Lookout Valley, where, on the night of its arrival, it participated i'n the night battle of Wauhatchie. where by singular good fortune not a man was hurt. For nearly a month following, the regiment lay encamped in the valley, exposed to a daily shelling from Lookout Mountain, w'uch, during that lime, killed one man and wounded another. Nov. 27th the Regiment received marohin-r orders, and proceeded to Chattanooga, where it participa- ted in tue battle of Chatta ooga. losing one man, killed. Immediately after the battle, it was order- ed to the relief of Knoxvill-. and participated in that severe march; and. finally returned to Look- out Valley. Dec. 17th. Many of the men were bare- footed, and in that condition, had marched many a weary mile, over the frozen ground, and sharp MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 453 rocks, even as their forefathers had done in revolu- tionary times, leaving their blood to mark their steps. Beornltlng us strength in the valley for a few days, the regiment was then set to work building corduroy roads; alter which, on the 1st of June, 1864. they were sent to Kelley's ferry, to relieve the Sixteenth Illinois, then abontto return hoineon vet- eran furlough. Here the regiment remained until the last, of January, when upon the completion of the railnnad to Chaitanooga. they were ordered to Bridgeport, where they went into camp, and quietly remained there until the 3d of May, when they started for the front. The Eleventh and Twelfth Corps had been consolidated into the Twentieth Army Corps, and the old brigade, to which the One Hundred and First had been attached in the Eleventh Corps, had been transferred to the First division of the new corps, and became the Third Urgade of that division. Tills brigade was com- manded by Col. (aterwards Brig. Gen.) Robinson, of the Eighty-Second Ohio. Leaving Bridgeport, on May 2d, on the 6th, reached Taylor's Ridge, crossed it fie next day, and encamped at Anderson Post- office. Remained there until midnight of May 10th, when it marched for Snake Creek Gap. reached it the next day, and held It two days. On the 13th. having marched through the gap, the troops were ready for action, near Resaca, but were .held in re- serve all day. On the 14th, wens again held in reserve until three p. in., when tliey started on the double-quick for the left, which was reached just in time for the brigade to render important service in the aciion then progressing. During this engage- ment, it is said the One Hundred and First was ordered to take a hill, in front of it, which it did in so gallant a style as to win the admiration of (Jen. Hooker, who happ' ned to be standing near, and who cheered the troops with the encouraging shout of "Go in, my Illinois boys." The next day afternoon it was ordered forward, and at four o'clock, while In column, was charged i>y a rabel force. Both officers and men of the regiment, conducted them- selves gallantly and rendered valuable services, losing one man kil'ed. six mortally wounded, and forty wounded; pressing the rebels, it again came upon them at Cassville. Ga.. on the 19th, but did not get into a fight as the rebels left. Again followed on the 23d, and on the 25th, irot into a hot and heavy tight atthe New Hope church. Among the wounded at i his place, were Adj. Padgett, Lieut. Hardin, and Lieut, (afterward Capt. ) Belt, who subsequently died of wounds. After this the regiment bore an honorable part in the various maneuvers around Kenesaw, and Pine mountains, losing one killed and five or six wounded. During the battle at Cnlp's farm, Jim*- 22d, it sup- ported the battary I. First New York, which did sig- nal execution during the fight. June 27th. lost Lieut, Dimm, who was killed on the skirmish line. After the i ebels evacuated Kenesaw, was en- gaged in the pursuit, and on th" 6fh of July, took possession on Chattahoochie Heights, where the regiment remained eleven days. July 17th. crossed the river, and on the 20th, just af er crossing Peach Tree Creek.fhe rebels assailed the corps with terrible force. Forming line under fire, the enemy was held at bay. and their charges repelled, until 8 p. in., when he abandoned the attack, and returned to his fortifications. In this engagement five were killed, and forty-five wound- ed. Among the killed was Capt. Thos. B. Woof. The morning report, next morning, showed only one hundred and twenty effective mun for duty, havintr left Bridgeport with three hundred and sixty-five men. July 23d. took possession in front of Atlanta, the regiment support d Battery I. First New York, in which position it remained until the 25th of Aug., when it was ordered back to Chatta- hoochie bridge, which the corps was to guard. while the rest of army swung into the rear of Atlanta. Sept. 3d. the regiment was sent out on a re onnois- ance. together with the Thirteenth New Jersey and One Hundred and Seventh New York, and claims the honor of having been the first regiment that entered Atlanta, G:t., after its fall, which occurred on the second anniversary <>r its musterinto service. It remained in Atlanta, until the destruction of ihe place-most of the time having charge of the fire department. Nov. 15th, started on the "irrand march, "and par- ticipated in all its glories, its trials, and its tri- umphs; and whether, as an advance guard, driving rebel cavalry before it, or as rear guard, pulling wagons out of the mil, I, or corduroying roads, or unfathomable mud-holes, the One Hundred and First Illinois alwavs did its d'lty so well as to win high commendations from its brigade and division commanders. The story of that m-irch is about the same for all regiments, and need hardly be repeat- ed. The regim -nt reached Savannah, and entered the place, Dec. 22d, 1864. Jan. 17th, 1865, crossed over into South Carolina, aud went through the great campaign of the Caro- linas, participating In the battles of Ayersboro. and Bentonville. losing: only one man wounded. March 24th,entered Goldsboro.and on the 13th of April, en- tered Raleigh, where the regiment remained until the final surrender of the rebel army, after which, on the 30th. it started overland for Richmond, Va.. which was readied May 8'h; there it remained until the lit , when it marched through Rich- mond, and took up the line of march for Alexan- dria, where it arrived on the 19th. M.iv 24th, participated in the ''grand review," and then went into camp at Bladensbnrg. where on the 7th of June, it was mustered out, and started for Springfield, where, on the 21st of June, it was paid oil' and disbanded. Col.Chaj'les H. Fox, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. May 1, '64 ' Col. John B. Lesage, rank May 1, '64. m. o. June 7, '65, Lieut. Coi. Lieul. Col. Win. J. Wyatt, rank Sept. 2,' 62, res. April 9, '63 Lieut. Col. Jesse T. Newman, rank April 9, '63, res. Jan. 3, '64, Lieut. Col. John B. Lesage, rank Jan 3. '64, pro. or Jesse T. Newman, rank Sept 2. '62. pro. or John B. Lesage, rank April 9. '63, pro. or N. B. Brown, rank Jan. 3. '64, res. Jan. 17, '65 ,or S. L. Moore, rank Jan. 12, '65. m. o. June 7. '65 Quartermaster J. M. Snyder, rank Sept. 2, '62, in. o. June 1, '63, for pro. Surgeon A. L. Kimber, rank April 14, '64, res. Nov. 9 '64 First Asst. Surgeon James Miner, rank Sept. 22, '62, res. Jan. 4,^63 First Asst. Surgeon A. L. Kimber, rank Jan. 4, '63, pro. Second Asst. Surgeon A. L. Kimber. rank Oct. 1, '62. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Sergt. Major Melvin G. Lane, red. and ret. to Co. G. Sergt. Major Philip Lee, pro. First L'eut. Co. D. Sergt. Major J. G. Morrison, m. o. June7. '65, Q. M. Sergt. J. C. Mitchell, m. o. June 7, '65 Com. Sergt. L. 1$. Foisom, red. and ret. to Co. A. Com. Sergt. P. A. Sinclair, in. o. June 7. '65 Hos. Steward S. H. Gaston, disch. Nov. 6. disab. Hos. Steward A. C. Hatfield, m. o. June 7, '65 Prin. Musician Win. T. Humphrey, absent, sick, at m.o. of Regt. Prin. Musician F. M. Bristow, m. o. June 7, '65 COMPANY A. Capt. John B. Lesage, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Major Capt. L. B. Foisom, rank April 9, '6.i, lion, disch. April 17, '65 Capt. J. W. Brown, rank April 11, '65, m. o. June 7, '65 First Lieut. Charles Heinz, rank Sept. 2, '62, res, April 11, '63 First Lieut. T. J. Moore, rank April 11, '63, res. Sept, 20. 'f.4 First Lieut. J. W. Brown, rank Sept. 20, '64, pro. First Lieut. J. C. Wildeiger, rank April 11, '65, m. o. June 7, '65. Sergf. Second L'eut. N. B. McPherson, rank Sept. 2. '62, res. April 2, '64 First S-rgt. Edward L. Bell. e. Aug. 6. '62, died at Kelley's Ferry. Tenn. Jan. 24. '64 Sergt. Thomas Moore, e. Aug. 12, '62. pro. 1st Lieut. Sergt. J. H. Edmonton, e. Aug. 6, '62, transf to V. R. C. Sergt. J. W. Brown, e. Aug. 6. '62. pro. 1st Lieut. Sergt. John RuyR e. Aug. 6, '63, des. Jan. 7, '63 Corp. F. C. Hattield, e. Aug. 12, '62, disch. March 17, '64, disab. Corp. Alex. C. Fee, e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o, June, 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. G. W. Stokes, e. Aug. 6, '62. disc.h. disab. Corp. John Wildberger, e. Aug, 6, '62, in. o. June 7. '65, Sergt. Corp. Francis Chapman, e. Aug. 6, '62, absent. wounded, at m. o. of Regt. Corp. Harrison Lake, e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7. '65, Corp. Corp. Thomas Black, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7. '65, Sergt. Corp. (ieo. Thompson, e. Aug. 12, '62. died at Bridgeport, Ala. May 1, '64 Musician Gerd. B. Eller, e. Aug. 10, '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Wagoner James S. Kesler, e. Aug. 8, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 PRIVATES. Albin Win. M. e. Aug. 8, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Anderson Thos. A. e. Aug. 12, '62, died at Jackson, Tenn. Dec. 7, '64 Breler Ernst, e. Aug. 6, '62, des. Jan. 10. '63 Bradburn Joseph, e. Aug. 6, '62, des. at Mound City, Buckuer s. B. e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 454 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. Brown James R. e. Aug. 6, '62, Corp. absent. wounded, at in. o. of Regt. Boleiack James, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. May 22, '65. disab. Bushnell Orville, e. Ang. 11, '62, died at Chatta- nooga. June 15, '64. wounds Barrett James, e. Aug. 12, '62. in. o. June 7, '65, < Bridenstine T. A. e. Aug. 12, '62, disch. disab. Bridenstine F. T. e. Aug. 12, '62, died at Cairo, 111. Feb. 7. '63 Cody Patrick, e. Aug. 12. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Davis Milton, e. Aug. 12, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Evans J. W. e. Aug. 10, '62. died Jeffersonville, Ind. Jan. 27, '64, wounds Folsom L. B. e. Aug 6. '62, pro. Capt. Frickle Henry, e. Aug. 12. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 H itfield A. C. e. Aug. 12, '62 pro. Hos. Steward It ittield Rinaldo, e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Harm el Ed ward. e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Huddleson John. e. Aus 1 . 12, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Hill Preston, e. Aug. 6. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Jackson Win. e. Aug. 6. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Jones J. E. e. Aug. 12. '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Keller Eli. e. Aug. 6, '62, died Lookout Valley.Tenn. Nov. 21, '63 Klnneson Wm. e. Aug. 6, '62. disch. disab. Krebs Autonie, e. Aug. 10. '62, in. o. June 7, '65 lOiashau Wm. e. Aug. 15 '62, transf. to V. R. C. Lake John L. e. Aug. 6. '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Lewis John F. e. Aug. 6, "62. des. Oct. 12. '62 Liston James P. e. Aug. 7. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Mansfl -Id Edw. e. Aug. 9. '62. in. o. June 7. '65 McPherson J. L e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Mound City, 111 . Dec. 5, '64 Measles Thos. W. e. Aug. 12, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Miller James, e. Aug. 12, '62, died, Holly Springs, Miss.. Dec. 17. '62 Miller Henry, e. Aug. 6, '62. des. Nov. 15. '62 Mitchels N cholas, e. Aug, 6, '62, transf. to V. R. C. Myers Hiram, e. Aug 6, '62. des. at Mound City, III. Nicholas A. W. e. Aug. 6. '62. trausf. to Marine Brig. Xagle ,iohn F. e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Nunn John, e. Ang. 9. '62. disch. for disab. Nunn Iiigraham, e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Penuvbaker Wm. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Preston James, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Sept. 12, '64, wounds Prickett Wm. J. e. Aug. 6, '62, died. Was. Co., Ind., Sep r . 1, '63 Riy Leroy, e. Ang. 6, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Corp. S ins Adison, e. Aug. 6. '62. des. Jan. 12. '63 Sharp A. F. e. Aug. 6, '62. transf. to V. R. C. Smith Samuel, e. Aug. 6. '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Smith David, e. Aug. 6, '62, transf. to V. R. C. April 10. '64 Smitii G. W. e. Aug. 6, '62, absent, wounded, at m. o. of Regt. Smith Edward, e. Aug. 12, '62, absent, sick, at in. o. of Regt. Steele Tiios. e. Aug. 6. '62 in. o. June?, '65 St.okes John. e. Aug. 6, '62, des. Oct. 4. '62 Thomas Jeremiah, e. Aug. 6, '62, absent, wounded, at in. o. of Regt. Tolen Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '62. died at Louisville, Ky., June 6. '64 Wheeler Hiram, e. Aug. 12, '62, abse it, sick, at m. o. of Regf. Weeks Wm. H H. e. Aug. 9, '62. died at Stephensou, Al:i., Nov. 3, '62 Watson Edward, e. Aug. 6, '62, died, Meredosia, 111.. S -pi, 24. '63 Walters lsaa<\ e. Aug. 6. '62. dps. Oct. 12. '62 WUde Robt. e. Aug. 10, '62. died, Berlin. III., Feb. 12. '63 Yack Lewis e. Aug. 6. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 York John F. e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. disub. COMPANY B. Capt. N. B. Brown, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Major Capt. Taos. B. Woof, rank, Jan. 3, '64, killed, battle, July 20, '64 Capr. Wm J. Patters ni, rank July 20, '64, m. o. June 7. '65 First Lieut. Thos. J. Moss, rank Sept, 2, '62, res. April 13, '62 First Lieut. Tiios. R. Woof, rank April 13, '62, pro. Ft -st Lieut. Wm. J. Pa terson, rank Jan. 3, '64. pro. First Lieut. J. B. Lewis, rank July 20, '64. lion. dis. May 15, '65 Second Lieut, Thos. B. Woof, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Second Lieut. Nelson Morgan, rank April 13, '63, res. Jan. 13, '64 First Sergt. Nelson Morgan, e. Aug. 21, '62, pro. Second Lieut. Sergt. Win. J. Patterson, e. Aug. 13, '62, pro. First Ser^r. then First Lieut. Sergt. Charles Tanvey, e. Aug. 13, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regc. Sergt. Fred. K. Wise, e. Aug. 21, '62, disch, Nov. 22, '64, disab. Sergt. Joseph Lewis, e. Aug. 12, '62, pro. First Sergt. then First Lieut. Corp. Charles J. Sanders, e: Aug. 21, '62, m. o. June 7. Sergt. Corp. Benj. F. Moss, e. Aug. 21, '62, absent, wound- ed, at in. o. of Regt. Corp. Jacob Rnbart, e. Aug. 22, '62, disch. Feb. 25, '64. disab. Corp. Cyrus J. Pond, e. Aug. 13, '62, Oisch. Aug. 6, '64, disab. Corp. J. W. Wharton, e. Aug. 13, '62, disch. Oct. 13, '64. wounds Corp. H. C. Wroe. e. Aug. 13, '62, died. Union City, Tenn.. Aug. 23, '63 Corp. E. S. Burbank, e. Aug. 22, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Sergt. Musician B. T. J.Thomas, e. Aug. 21,'62, in. o. June 7, '65 PRIVATES. Ansemus John B. e. Au. 21, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Aler John J. e. Aug. 21, '62. disch. Jan. 6, '63. disab. Aman James, e. Aug. 21, '62 Bridgeman Isaac, e. Aug. 21, '62, disch. Jan. 6, '63, disab. Bridgeman James, e. Aug. 22, '62, died, Nashville, Ten ii.. Nov. 8. '63 Banner Wm. D. e. Aug. 21, '62, absent, wounded, at m. o. of Regt. Brown Jtbro, e. Aug. 11 '62, transf. to Co. H. Cawood J. J. D. e. Aug. 15. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Campbell J. H. e. Aug. 13, '62, died, Milliken's Bend, April 1, '63 Carey Geo. e. Ang. 14, '62. transf. to Co. H. Dea'on Thomas, e. Aug. 13, '62, disch. June 16, '63, disab. Beaton James M. e. Aug. 13, '62, died, Dallas, Ga., May 26, '64. wounds Davis John K. e. Aug. 21, '62, died, Resaca, Ga.. May 18, '64, wounds Dyer Isaac, e. Aug. 22. '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Dyer Wesley, e. Aug. 22, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Dyer James, e. Aug. 22, : 62, died, Jackson, Tenn., Jan. 1. '63 Dann Wm. O. e. Aug. 22, '62, disch. April 11, '63, disab. Dikes John. e. Aug. 22, '62 Fiiey Washington, e. Aucr. 13, '62, died Holly Spri <*, Miss., Dec. 25. '62 Filey K. M. e. Aug. 21. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Fuller John, e. Aug. 13, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Gerbery John F. e. Ang. 13. 62. Ginder'F. W. e. Ang. 13. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Green Win. J. e. Aug. 13, '62, absent, sick, at m.o. of Regt, Ham Milton, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Ham John M. e. Aug. 22, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Ham John W. e. Aug. 22, '62, missing in action s ! nce Dec. 22, '62 HattteH Wm. M. e. Aug. 15, '62, disch. April 5, '63, i disabled Johnson Thos. - . e. Aug. 13, '62, absent, wounded, at in. o. of Regt. Long Jacob, e. Ang. 13, '62, disch. April 10. '63. disab. Long John. e. Aug 13. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Linghary John, e. Aug. 13, '62, in. o. June 7. '65 McCartv John, e. Aug. 13. '62, in. o. June 7, '65 McCartv Westbu, e. Aug 13, '6i, in o. June 7, '65 Miller James W. e. Aug. 21, '62. disc-h. March 5, '64 Murphy Thos. e. Aug. 21. '62. des. Jan. 5, '63 Merril Sp .tfortl, e. Aug. 21, '62, disch. March 17, '63, disabled Nash John, e. Aug. 21, '62, died at Memphis. Jan. 7. '63 Post John Q. e. Aug. 13 '62, disch. April 1.'63. disab. Peters Ira, e. Aug. "15. '62. in. o. June 7. '65 Peters Win. W. e. Aug. 15, '62, disch. Feb. 26, '63, disabled Piper John e. Aug. 21, '62. des. Oct. 6. '62 Ribelin John M. e. An>r. 22. '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Stricklin J. e. Aug. 13, '62, Corp.-abseni, sick, at in.o. of Regr. Shrewsbury Win. P. e. Aug. 21, '62, died at Jackson, Tenn. Jan. 7, '63 Stewart Joh i B. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 7. '65 T hu re John, e. Aug. 13, '62, disci). Jan. 17. '63. disab. Taylor E.I w. P. e. Aug. 21, '62. disch. Jan. 18, '63, disabled Wharton Geo. e. Aug. 13, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. White Westbrook, e. Aug. 15. '62, m, o. June 7, '65, as Sergt Wroe Samuel M. e. Aug. 21, '62, m. o. June 24, '65, was pris. COMPANY C. Cant. Horace E. May, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. April 23. '63 Capt. C. A. Catlin, rank April 28, '63, res. April 16, '64 Capt. Joseph H. Belt, rank April 16, '64, died of wounds June 29, '64 Capt. Jacob Yaple, rank June 29, '64, in. o. June 7, '65 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 455 First Lieut. C. A. Catlln, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. First Lieut. J. H. Belr, rank April 28. '63 pro. First Lieut. Geo. A. Taylor, rank April 16. '64, m. 0. June 7, '65 Second Lieut. J. H. Belt, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Second Lieut. J. C. White, rank April 28, '63, res. March 21. '64 First Sergt. John C. White, e. July 19, '62. pro 2d Lient. Sergt. James Hunt, e. Aug. 6. '62, des. Nov. 12. '62 Sergt. Geo. A. Taylor, e. July 19, '62, pro, 1st Sergt. then 1st Lieut. Sergt. Jacob Yaple, e. July 19, '62, pro. 1st. Sergt. then ('apt. Sergt. F. N. De Veranas, e. July 24/62. disci), dlsab. Corp. G. M. Hartlett, e. July 26, '62, disch. Sept. 8, '64. as Sergt. disabled Corp. John F. Cline, e. July 25, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, as Sergt. Corp. John W. Wlntlock. e. July 21, '62, disch. Feb. 8, '63 Corp. Jacob Casper, e. July 21. '62, des. Jan. 5, '63 Corp. Edward Thompson, e. July 20, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. as private Corp. James McBride, e. July 21, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. as Sergt. Corp. Joseph De Frates, e. July 21, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, as private Corp. Win. Carney, e. July 25, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, as private PRIVATES. Berry Ben], e. July 25, '62, disch. disabled Harbour Isaac, e. Aug. 5. '62. disch. disaided Cavender Samuel, e. July 27, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Cole Burgis, e. Aug. 5. '62. Corp. absent, sick, at m.o. Cannagan John, e. July 21, '62, died at Atlanta, Ga. Nov. 14. '64 Casper Amos A. e. Aug. 1. '62, des. Deo. 21. '62 Casper John, e. July 25. '65, des. Dec. 21, '62 Carpenter James E. e. Aug. 9. '62. disch. Oct. 2, '64 Carper Alex. e. Aug. 8. '62. de*. Dec. 21, '62 Carper Alfred, e. July 21, '62. des. Dec. 21. '62 Dikes John, e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Delaney James, e. Aug. 1, '62, died May 25, '64, of wounds De Frates Albert, e. July 19, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 DeOnellu* John, e. Aug. 3, '62. in. o. June 7. '65 De Frates Gregory, e Aug. 7, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. De Fi-ates Antonio, e. Aug. 7, '62, died Jan. 9, '63 Dw\er Michael, e. Aug. 7, '62, trans, to Co. A. 16th III. Inf. Desues Emanuel, e. Aug. 1. '62, disch. March 15, '65, disabled Dawson Michael, e. July 25, '62, des. Aug. 9. '62 Dnlxn Owen, e. July 21. '62, m. o. June 7. '65 Dikes Win. e. Aug. 17. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Eaman James, e. July 26, '62, absent, wounded, at in. o. Everetis Wm. S. e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Jan. 30, '63, disabled Frenii.ra John, disch. Mav 25, '63 Face Henry, e. July 24, '62, des. July 5, '63 Henderson J. M. e. July 24, '62. died at Dallas, Ga. May 25, '64 Henderson S. G. e. Aug. 21, '62, Corp. died at Re- sara, Ga. May 17. '64 Hines Joseph, e. Aug. 21, '62, died at Resaca, Ga. May 17. '64 Herald Adam E. e. Aug. 7. '62. disch. May 5, '63 Hurley Michael, e. July 21, '64, absent, wounded, at m. o. Johnson John, e. Aug. 7. '62. des. Jan. 1, '63 Ki in bie Thomas, e. July 21. '62. absent, sick, at m.o. Koehe Miles, e. July 20,'62, trans, to Co. A. 16th 111. Inf. Kelly Charles, e. Aug. 1, '62. des. Jan. 1, '63 Martin E5 Nunnus Patrick, e. July 25, '62, absent, wounded, at m. o. O'Donnell Patrick, e. July 19, '62, absent, wounded, at m. o. Pires Joseph, e. Julv 24. "62 died at Holly Springs, Miss. Dec. 13, '62 Peters John, e. Aug. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Rodques Emanuel. e. July 24. '62. disch. Feb. 27,'63 Reynold* John, e. July 25, '62. disch. April 6, '63 Rank-in Thomas, e. Aug. 11. '62, ile*. Jan. 15. '63 Roach John, e. July 15. '62, des. April 12. '63 Rodqnes A. e. July 24 '62 died at Louisville, Ky. Aug. 2, '64 Shaw Chester W. e. Aug. 10, ;'62, m. o. June 7, '65. First Sergt. Smiih John e. July 20, '62, died at Dallas, Ga. May 31, '64 ' Shaw Michael, e. July 21, '62, died at Mnrfreesboro, Tenn. Feb. 7, '64 Sewalace G. e. Aug. 1, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, pris. war. as Corp. Vascoiisellus J. C. e. Aug. 1, '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Vasconsellus J. e. Aug. 1, '62, died at Cairo, 111. Nov. 29, '62 Vierena J. J. e. July 25. '62. absent, wounded, at m. o. Vierena J. e. July 24, '62, absent, sick, at in. o. Vearia G. J. e. July 24. '62. disch. Jan. 12. '65. disab. Walker A. e. Aug. 25, '62, died near Atlanta, Ga. July 20. '64 /uel; James, e. Aug. 4, '62, absent, sick, at in. o. COMPANY I). Capt. Henry C. Coffman rank Sept. 2. '62, res. Sept. 28, '63 Capt. J. N. Gillman, rank Dec. 28, '63, res. July 28, '64 Capt. Philip Lue, rank July 28, '64, m. o. June 7. '64 First Lieut. J, N. Gillman, rank Sept. 2. '62, pro. First Lieut. F. A. Dimm, rank Dec. 28, '63, kid. June 27, '64 First Lieut. Philip Lee, rank June 27, '64. pro. First Lieut. M. C. (Jollier, rank July 28, '64, hon. disch. May 15, '65 Second Lieut. Robert C. Bruce, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. Dec. 28, '63 First Sergr. Philip Lee. e. Aug. 4, '62, pro. Sergt. M. C. Collier, e. Aug. 5, '62, pro. Sergt. J. H. Carter, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Columbus, Ky. Aug. 20, '63 Sergt. J. W. R-idclitf, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Memphis June 12. '63 Sergt. Caleb Letton, e. Aug. 4, '62, disch. Sept. 12, '64, disab. Corp. A. B. Cone, e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, First Sergt. Corp. J. O. Hamilton, e. Aug. 4, '62, transf. to. V. R. C. Jan. 18. '65 Corp. Henry Wilson, e. Aug. 4, '62, in. o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. A. J. Peterfish. e. Aug. 4, '62, died at Chatta- nooga, Nov. 3. '63, wounds Corp. Barnard Cam, e. Aug. 4, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Corp. James Deatou, e. Aug. 6. '62. absent, sick, at m. o. Corp. J. G. Morrison, e. Aug. 5, '62, pro. Sergt. then Sergt. Major Corp. Alex. Armstrong, e. Aug. 4. '62, in. o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. KrancisM. Bristow, e. Aug. 6, '62, pro. Drum Ma] >r Corp. Win. F. Humphrey, e. Aug. 16, '62, pro. Fife Major Wagoner R. A. Radciiff, e. Aug. 6, '62, tranf . to V. R. C. April 10, '64 PRIVATES. Beymer A. F. e. Aug. 4, '62, kid. Peach Tree Creek, July 20, '64 Buckingham J. W. e. Aug. 5. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Beavers Moses, e. All;,'. 12, '62, disch. Jan. 6, '63, disab. Bickford Geo. M. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Berry James, e. Aug. 29, '62, died at St. Louis, April 22. '63 Cullen J. L. D. e. Aug. 22, '62, diS3h. March 31. '65, disab. I iea [.in Win. L. e. Aug. 8. '62, died at Holly Springs, Miss. Dec. 24. '62 Devore C. H. e. Aui?. 15. '62. des. July 30. '63 Eads James M. e. Aug. 4. '62, absent, sick, at m. o. Fry John I>. e. Auif. 4, '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Pnivesoil C. e. Aug. 7. '62, trausf. to V. R C. April 16. '64 Funresoii A. e. Aug. 22. '62, d'sch. April 5, '64. disab. Furgesiin F. M. e. A g. 22 '62 m. o June 7. '65 Fisher James e. Aug. 13, '62, disch. April 1, '63. d'Sab. Fisher John, e. Aug. 13. '62, disch. Feb. 20, '65, wounds Flnehpaugh David, e. Aug. 9. '62, m.o. June 7, '65 Goodwin J. L. e. Aug. 10. '62. m. o. June 7. '65 Gray John B. e. Aug. 11, '62. in. o. June 7. '65 Henderson Amos, e. Aug. 4, '82, disc,h. June 3, '63, disab. Hail-grove Columbus, e. Aug. 6, '62. m. ". June 7, '65, Corp. Hairgrove Wm. J. e. Aug. 6. '62, absent, sick, at m. o. Hedington David, e. Aug. 4, '62. died at Ackworth, Ga. June 14, '62 Hancs L "finder, e. Aug. 11, '62, died at Cairo, III. Nov. 12. '62 Hamilton Charles, e. Aug. 11, '62, disch. April 13, '63, disab. Henderson A. P. e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 456 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. Horn .T. H. e. Aug. 7, '62, tranf. to Miss. Mar. Brig. Feb. -, '63 Hamlngton Thos. e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Ackworth, Ga. June 9. '64 Hevey Win. St. e. Aug. 14, '62. absent, sick, at m. o. Jumper Saml. e. Aug. 6. '62 in. o. June 7, '65 Jumper John. e. Aug. 8- '62, died at Keokuk, Iowa. Feb. 2, '63 K'dd Win. e. Aug. 4, '62, in. o. June 7. '65 Long Geo. e. Aug. 13, '62, m.o. June 7, '65 McClenin Thos. e. Aug. 4, '62, disch. March 1, '63, disab. Mitchell Jos. C. e. Aug. 15. '62. pro. Q. M. S?rgt. Matthews R. T. e. Aug. 15. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Mitchel LeyiC. e. Aug. 6, '62, des. in Aug. '62 before muster in MeCurry Alex^e. Aug. 13, '62. des. May 23, '63 Nicholas Jeremiah, e. Aug. 15, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Corp. Xorris Archibald, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Corp. P'loher A. M. e. Aug. 4, '62, transf. to Co. H. Pilcher Shadrick, e. Aug. 15, '62, died at Spring- field Jan. 9, '64 Patterson Lycurgus, e. Aug. 4, '62, transf. to Co. I. Patterson Wm. M. J. e. Aug. 6, '62. m. o. June 7, '65, Corp. Ragsdell Geo. e. Aug. 15, '62, transf. to V. R. C. April Ruark John, e. Aug. 4, '62. disch. Feb. 26. '63. disab. Itatcliff R. T. e. Aug. 6, '62. disnh. Oct. 20. '64, disab. S.ip'pves M. M. e. Aug. 4, '62, transf. to V. R. C. Feb. 29. '64 Shepherd M. R. e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Sanders James e. Aug. 15. '62. m. o. June 7, '65. Corp. stout Jacob, e. Aug. 11, '62. absent, wounded, at in. o. Strong P. A. e. Aug. 25, '62, disch. Jan. 15, '63, illsuh. Slevan Michael, e. Aug. 8, '62, disch. Jan. 17, '65. Taylor f. M. e. Aug. 4. '62, disch. Nov. 6, '63, disab. Timmnns Daniel, e. Aug. 4. '62, m. o. June 7. '65 T;M lor Isaac N. e. Aug. 11. '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Thompson J. M. f. Aug. 14, '62, died at LaGrange, Tenn. Jiin. 16. '63 Tennery Svlveter, e. Aug. 15, '62, died at Memphis, March 3. '63 Tnormlykc J. L. e. Aug. 10. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Thompson M. e. Aug. 14, '62, died at Jackson, Tenn. D.-c. 10, '62 Viles C. C. e. Aug. 8, '62, died at Holly Springs, Miss. Den. 27, '62 Wilderman Saml. e. Aug. 15, '62, disch. Feb. 26, '63, disab. COMPANY E. (.'apt. Charles Sample, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. Dec. 25, '62. Capt. M. H. Lamb, rank Dec. 25. '62, in. o. June 7, '65. First Lieut. M. H. Lamb, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. First Lieut. Liberty Courtney, rank Dec. 25, '62, res. Jan 13. '64. First. Lieut. Win. L. English, rank Jan. 13, '64, m. o. June 7. '65. Second Lieut. Liberty Courtney, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Second Lieut. Wm. L. English, rank Dec. 25, '62, pro. Fir-it Sergt. Wm. L. English, e. Aug. 5, '62. pro. Second Lieut. Sersrt. Win. R. Mosby, e. Aug. 2, '62, disch. Feb. 12, '63. disab Sergr. John Priest, e. Aug. 13, '62, disch. March 30, '63, disrtb. Sergt. Kilw. T. King, e. Aug. 7, '62, disch. Dec. 28, '63 disab. Sergt. ' Sergt. John Hill; e. Aug. 2, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, First Sergt. Corp. Geo. Coffin, e. Aug. 13, '62, disch, Oct. 29, '64, Sergt. ilisab. Corp. A. W. Petefish, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Oct. 29, '64. Sergt. disab. Corn. Win. H. Larrimore, e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7. '65. Sergt, Corp Ciiat les S. Weaver, e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 24, '65. w;is pris. Corp. Henry H. Sweetheart, e. Aug. 8, '62. m. o. June 7 '65, Sergt. Corp. Hasseil Hipper, e. Aug, 9, '62, m. o. June 7, 65. Sergt. Corp. C. B. MatiH-y, e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Corp. L. A. Mansfield, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. private. Musician G. D. Abbott, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Wagoner Thos. M. Gay, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, ''65 PRIVATES. Abney F. M. e. Aug. 9. '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Abney Needliam. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Allen John, e. Aug. 11. '62, missing in action near Atlanta, Ga. July 22. '64. Anderson Wm. M. e. Aug. 2, 62, kid. Peacli Tree Creek, July 20, '64. Arnold Richard, e. Aug. 15, '62, transf. to Co. K. Biggs Thos. e. Aug. 15. '62, transf. to Co. K. Buchanan Joseph, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Corp. Bacum Jas. B. e, Aug. 11. '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Bascum, C. T. J. e. Aug. 2, '62, m.o. June 7, '65, mu- sician Bonnell Emanuel, e. Aug. 2. '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Collins J. H. e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Clark David, e. Aug. 22, '62. disch. Feb. 9. '63. disab. Dailey Patrick, e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 7, '65. English Samuel H. e. Aug. 5, '62, disch. Jan. 19, '64, Corp. Fan nine' Henry L. o. Aug. 15, '62. died, Mound City, III. Jan. 23.' '63. Gold Myron S e. Aug 14. '62, transf. to Co. G. Gilbert Wm. e. Aug 2, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Gaines Win. e. Aug. 9. '62. m. o. June 7. '65. Gerbing Gustav, e. Aug. 13, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Gaston S. H. e. Aug. 11, '62. pro. Hospital Steward. Gibson Alex. e. Aug. 15, '62. transf. to Co. H. Henderson Jas. B. e. Aug. 9. '62, Corp. died Chatta- nooga, .Iune3. '64, wounds. Hickman Elijah, e. Aug. 9 '62. died near New Hope Church, 6a. May 26. '64. wounds. Huddluson D. C. e. Aug. 12, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. Hamilton Joseph, e. Aug. 9. '62 in. o. June 7, '65. Hendrickson A. R. e. Aug. 11, '62, died, Chattanooga, June 2. '64. Hoag Richard, e. Aiie. 15. '62, transf. to Co. K. Kile Geo. e. Aug. 8, '62. absent, sick, at m. o. Knole< P. J. e. Aug. 2, '62. des. Jan. 5, '63. Led better David, e. Aug. 2, '62, died, Cairo, 111. Nov. Ledb'etter I. S. e. Aug. 2. '62. des. July 5. '63. Liter Geo. B. e. Aug. 9. '62. disch. Oct 27. 64. disab. Liter Henry C. e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Feb. 11, '63, disab. Liter John H. e. Aug. 9, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Liter Andrew, e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Feb. 11, '63. disab. Lenard S. J. e. Aug. 9. '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Moulton Edw. P. e. Aug. 14, 62, transf. to Co. G. Miller Henry, e. Aug. 4. '62, m. o. June 7, '65. Mick Geo. A. e. Aug. 9. '62. disch. Aug. 3, '64, disab. McLaughlin T. D. e. Aug. 2, '62. in. o. June 7, '65. McCasland. e. Autr. 8. 62. transf. ro Co. H. Mills James, e. Aug. 9, '62, transf. to Co. H. Nottingham R. L. e. Aug. 15, 62, died, Cairo, Nov. Pasley H.' C. e, Aiier. 12. '62. m. o. June 7. '65. Corp. Potter Lyman, e. Aug. 2, '62, in. o. June 7. '65. Pruit John D. e. Aug. 1 1, '62. disch. June 3. '63. disab. Ray J. K. M. e. Aug. 22, '62, Corp. died May 17, '64, wounds. Rogers J acob. e. Aug. 11. '62. m. o. June 7. '65. Rundell James, e. Aug 11. '62. m. o. June 7. '65. Shaffley John T. e. Aug. 2, '62, died Kingston, Ga. May 31, '64, wounds. Shaffley A. J. e. Aug. 9, '62. m. o. June 7, '65. Smith John, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 24, '65, was pris. Smith John H. e. Aug. 2. '62, m. o. June 7 '65. Shaver John W. e. Aug. 18, '62, died Chattanooga, July 28, '64. wounds. Tippit'VVm. L. e. Aug. 12, '62, died Mound City, May TracieS. S. e. Aug, 15. '62, disch. June 27,'64, d'sab. Wallace Robt, B. e. Aug. 2, '62, m. o. June 7, 65, Corp. Wallace Richard, e. Aug. 5. '62. in. o. June 7. '65, Walker Wm. J. e. Aug. 11, '62, died Cairo, Nov. 22, Wilson J. M. P. Aug. 13. '62. disch. Oct. 24. '64. disab. Wright Win. C. e. Aug. 15, '62, transf. to Co H. Whitlock Alex, e, Aug. 14. '62, transf, to Co G. Wood E. B. e. Aug. 14, '62 transf. to Co. G. Wilson J. P. e. Aug. 15, '62, transf. to Co H. RECRUITS. Achille Edw. disch. March 13. '63, disab. Bascue J. M. disch. Oct. 25, '64, disab. Chaffan Joseph, transf. to Co A, 16th Illinois Inf. Fox Hugh. e. Feb. b, '64. transf. to Co. A. 16th Illi- nois Inf. Fox John H. disch. March 31, '63. Hoagland John H. m. o. June 7, '65. Kiuss John M. des. June 15. '63. McG'-nley John, disch. disab. Smith Jaiues, died Dall;is, Ga. May 27, '64, wounds. COMPANY F. Capt. George W. Fanning, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. April 13, '63. Capt. James L. Wyatt, rank April 13, '63, m. o. June 7, '65. First Lieut. James. L. Wyatt, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. First Lieut, John W. Shelton, rank April 13, '63, m. o. June 7, '65. Second Lieut. John AV. Shelton, rank Sept. 2, '62, pro. Second Lieut. R. T. Seaver, rank April 13, '63, re- signed Jan. 26, '64 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 457 disabled Carmean Nelson, e. Aug. 15, '63, disch. May 22, '63 ' Oornwell Henry, e. Aui;. 15. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 First Sergt. R. T. Seaver, P. Aug. 6, '62, pro. Second Lieut, Sergt. E. R. Henry, e. Aug. 7, '62, First Sergt. ab- sent, sick, at m.o. Sergt. Robert D. Harney, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Sergt. Wra. A. Whitlock, e. Aug. 13, '62, (les. Jan. 7, '63 Sergt. G. L. Ash, e. Aug. 13, '62, disch. March 22, '63, disabled Corp. Charles McEvers, e. Aug. 7, '62, disch. May 22, '63, disabled Corp. James T.Walker, e. Aug. 7. '62, m.o. June 7. '65 Corp. David Carigill, e. Aug. 8, '62. des. Jan. 7, '63 Corp. Roliert L. Wyatt, e, Aug. 7. '62, m. o. June 7, f 65, Sergt. Corp. Lafayette Fanning, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Mound City. 111. Corp. \Vm. D. Henry, e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. N. J. James, e. Aug. 14, '62, transf. to Inv. Corps Musician S. G. Slaughter, e. Aug. 13,'62, absent.sick, at in. o. Wagoner Geo. W. Fanning, e. Aug. 17, '62, mo. o. June 7, '65 PRIVATES. Angelo John, e. Aug. 7, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Asli James \V. e. Aug. 7, '62, transf. to Inv. Corps Jan. 29, '63 Brown Henry O. e. Aug. 7, '62, died Nashville Tenu., Auit. 29. '63 Borulf John, e. Aug. 7. '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Barton John, e. Aug. 19, '62, disch. March 25, '65, disabled Ci C< Cook Win. W. e. July 28, '62. m.o. June 7, '60" Dicus Joiin, e. July 28, '62. des. Jan. 7, '63 Devault J. H. e. Aug. 7, '62, disch. April 9, '63, disabled Devault James, e. Aug. 7, '62, disch. Jan. 10, '63, disabled DarenportJ. A. e. Aug. 22, '62, m.o. June 7, '65, musician Edwards A. T. e. Aug. 18, '62, disch. March 22, '63, disabled Fanning. lames, e. Aug. 7, '62, in. o. June 24, '65 was pris. Fanning J. W. e. Aug. 6, '62. transf. to Co. H Fanning Jacob, e. Aug. 22, '62, disch. Jan. 6, '24. disabled Gray Silas S. e. Aug. 10, '62, disch. May 22, '63, disabled Henry James D. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Corp. Henry Hugh, e. Aug. 7, '62, died Columbus, Ky., Sept. 2, '63 Heywood Win. e. Aug. 10, '62, m. o. June 7. '65, Corp. Hopper S. D. e. Aug. 10. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Hull S. C.e. Aug. 10, '62, 5 piivaie Sergt. James H. Grimsley, e. Aug. 15, '62, des. Feb. 1 H ' fi *} Corp. S. K. Roberts, e. Aug. 9, '62, Sergt. kid. Dallas, Ga. May 25, '64 Corp. Wm. K. Luttrell.e. Aug. 9. '62, pro. Corp. J. I'. Seymour, e. Aug. 9, '63, m.o. June 7. '65 Corp. Wm. L.'Daulton. e. Aug. 11, '62, disch. March Corp. Win. E.' Walker, e. Aug. 16, '62, died, Holly Springs, Miss. Dec. 18, '62 Cor).. A. G. Brassell, e. Aug. 6, '62, Sergt. absent, sick, at m.o. Corp A. M. Newman, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. March Corp. Win. F. Anderton, e. Aug. 8, '62, m.o. June 7, Musi.-i'a'n 'hewis Mines, e. Aug. 8, '62, died, Mound Citv, Dec. 7, '63 Wagouer Jolin T. Reed, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. Feb. 28, '64, Sergt.uisab. PRIVATES. Anderton J. R. e. Aug. 9. '62, died July 2. '63 Austin Eli. e. Aug. 11, '62 m.o. June 7. '65 AbrrllJ. M e. Aug. 15, '62. m.o. June 7, '65 Anderson John, e. Aug. 9, '62. died at Memphis, BeonV. J. e. Aug. 6, '62, died. Holly Springs. Miss. Dec. 31, '62 Bull J. H. e. Aug. 11, '62, disch. Oct. 29. '64, disab. Bower J. E. e. Aug. 9, 62, killed at Dallas, Ga. May 25. '64 Bond J. F. e. Auar. 9, '62, died at Hollv Springs, Miss. Dec. 16, '62 BlevinsGeo. W. e. Aug. 11, '62, died at Kingstown, Ga. Sept. 10, '64. wounds Bresidine P. S. e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Covey Win. e. Aug. 11, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Carlisle J.W. e. Aug. 11, '62, disch. Feb. 26, '63, dis- abled Collins B. F. P. Aug. 8. '62, Corp. died at Union City, Aug. 22, '63 Cross Cyrus, e. Aug. 8, '61. disch. May 14. '63. disab. Cook James, e. Aug. 9. '62. disch. Jan. 24, '65, disab. Campbell Win. e. Ausr. 6. '62. absent, sick. atm. o. Covey J. T. e. Aug. 15. '6'2. awaiting trial for des. Dan n Joseph, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. May 3. '65, Corp. disab. Doss H. J. e. Aug. 15, '62, Corp. killed at Resaca, May 15, '64 Dugger Hitrdin, e. Aug. 15, '62, died at Nashville, Tenn. March 23. '64 Dunham S. H. e. Aug. 14, '62, died at Memphis Duncan M. M. e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 24, '65, was pris. Evans Joseph, e. Aug. 11, '62, died at Holly Springs, Jan. 6. '63 Fri mm Joseph. P. Aug. 9, '62, died at Cold Water, Miss Jan. 7, '63 Fanning T. J. e. Aug. 9, '62, disch. Sept. 30. '64 Fanning John, e. Aug. 15, '62, died at Holly Springs, Dec. 17. '62 Fanning Cyrus, e. Aug. 15. : 62,m. o. Jun" 7, '65 Gustine , e. Aug. 9. '62, dns. Feb. 1. 63 Grimsley, J. B. e. Aug. 6, '62, Corp. absent, sick, at m. o. Givens Wm. T. e. Aug. 8. '62. absent, sick, at in. o. Godell J. C. e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. June 7. '65 Hart N .than. jr. e. Aug. 11, '62, Corp. killed at Dal- las, Ga, May 25, '64 Hood John A. e. Aug. 9, '65, m. o. June 7, '65 Hopper Thos. B. e. Aug. 11, '62, killed near Dallas Ga. May 25. '64 Hays, J. A. e. Aug. 9. '62. detached at m. o. Haynes Win. e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Harlancl Lewis, e. Aug. 8, '62. in. o. June 7. '65 Hubl.ard Allen. e.Auir. 15.'62,disch.May 27. 'tH.disab. Hayes J. S. e. Aug. 15. '62. m.o. June 7, '65, Corp. McKeen John, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Lookout Val- ley. Jan. 8, '64 Marshall J. W. e. Aug. 11, '62. des. Feb. 16, '63 McCasland C. D. e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. June 7. '65 M-irshall J. M. e. Aug. 11, '6i, des. Feb. 18, '63 McCasland J. M. e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Mann Henry, e. Aug , '62. det. at m. o. McFall Daniel, e. Aug. 11. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Pepperdine Thos. e. Aug. 11, '62, died at Union City. Teiri. Sept. 8, '62 Pepi>erdine Win. S. e. Aug. 11, '62, died at Keokuk, la. Feb. 14. '63 Palmer Benj. R. e. Aug. 8, '62, died at Holly Springs, Dec. 22. '62 Reed R. J. e. Aug. 6. '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Ramsey Kyle, e. Aug. 15, '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Skeltori Thomas, e. Ail'.'. 15. '62 Seymour John, e. Aug. 11, '62. in. o. .tune 7. '65 Seymour Rich. e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Stewart Brice, e. AUK. 11, '62. disch. Jan. 10. '63. disab. Too-ut. Frank'Hilligass, rank Jan 16, '64, pro. First Ueiit. Theop. Ayers, rank April 28, '64, in. o. June 7, '65 Second Lieut. Tlios. M. Guy, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. July 15, 63 First Sergt. Kra-ik Hilligass. e. July 22. '62, pro. Sergt. Isaiah W. Strawn.e. July 22, '62, tiled at Ben- ion 15 1 r racks, June 24 '63 Sergt. Theop. Riuaby, e. July 28, '62. d sch. Oct. 29, '64 disab. Sernt. Theop. Ayers, e. July 24, '62. pro. Serge. John Butcher, e. July 30, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. Bartholomew Bradley, e. July 28, '62, dlsch. June- 9. '63, Sergt. disab. Cori>. John L. Douglass, e. July 22, '62, in. o. June 7, '65. Sergt. Corp. . I. HUBS Creese, e. July 26, '62, in. o. June 7, '65, Sergt. Corp. H. H. Massey, e. July 26, '62, dlsch June 17. '63. dlsal). Corp. Ira M. Angels, e. July 23, '62, m. o. June 7, '65, Seigt. Corp. J. A. Hargrove, e. July 26, '62, in. o. June 7, '65, disab. Corp. G-o. \V. Poilgitr. e. Aug. 1, 62, pro. C -rp. S. H. Craven, e. July 28, '62, in. o. June 7. '65 Musician John Bean, e. July 28, '62, (lied at Bentou Barracks, March 17. '63 Musician John Hargraves, e. July 28, '62, disch. March 26, '63, disab. PRIVATES. Alford John W. e. July 26, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Allmou John M. e. Aug. 6, '62. (lied at Holly Springs, Miss. Dec. 26. '62 Berry Julius, e, July 22, '62. in. o. June?. '65, liunlslll John, e. Aug. 2. '62, m. o. Junu 7, '65, Corp. Burdsill James, e. Aug. 2. '62, disch. Jan. 14, '63, disal). Bradley James, e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Cole \Vm. e. July 28. *62, in. o. June 7, '65, Corp. Crouse Morgan. e. July 28, '62, in. o. June 7, '65 Cowell John. e. Aug. 1. '62. in. o. June 7, '65, Corp. O>nnan Henry, e. J illy 29. '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Cook Wm. e. July 28. '62 Grouse Alex. e. Aug. 4, '62, kid. New Hope church, May 25. '64 Carter Joshua, e. Aug. 4, '63, disch. Xov. 6,'63,disab. DiKes John, e. July 28 '62 Kdwards A. T. e. Aug. 18, '62 Fresher Henry, e. July 23, '62, died. Holly Springs, Miss., Dec. 18, '62 Fox Elisha T. e. Aug. 7. '62. absent, wounded at in. o. Groves S. C. e. July 27, '62, missing since Jan. 1, '63, supposed drowned at Memphis GinterH. D. e. Aug. 5, '63. m. o. June 7, '65 Goodrich diaries, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. Feb. 9, '63, disabled Goodrich Klijaii, e. Aug. 6, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. Gunn 'ieo. M. e. Aug. 7, '62, in. o. June 7, 'b5 Hickox Albert, e. July 22, '62, disch. March 14, '63, disabled Hulet Henry D. e. July 28, '62, disch. March 14, '63, disabled Hurt Tlios. M. e. Aug. 1, '62, dlsch. Nov. 10, '64, dis- abled Hubble David, e. July 28, '62, died. Holly Springs, Miss., Dec. 26, '62 Hughes Robert, e. July 28, '62 Hickman Edw. e. Aug. 5, '62, died, Resaca, Ga., June 19. '64, wounds Herron John, e. Aug. 6, '62, died of wounds receiv- ed in action Johnson L. L. e. July 28, '62, disch. May 13, '64, disabled Lazenby Ch rles, e. Aug. 2, '62, m. o. June 7, '65 Marshal Henry, e. July 29, '62. m. o. June 7, '65 Maxtield W. H. e. Aug. 5, '62, disch. April 8, '63, disabled McCain Henry, e. July 24, '62, disch. Dec. 20, '62, disabled Metcalf M. L. e. Aug. 5, '62, disch. Jan. 23, '65, dis abled Martin Hiram, e. Aug. 7, '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Faisal H K. e. July 26. '62, disch. Feb. 18, '65, dis- abled Pae Tlios. B. e. Aug. 6, '62, in. o. June 7, 65 Patter John, e. Aug. 6, '62. in. o. June 7, '65 Peeker Robt. e. July 24, '62, absent, sick, at m. o. Kapp Win. B. e. July 24, '62, disch. April 11, '65, disabled Reynolds Samuel, e. Aug. 1, '62 Rumbey Win. K e. July 28 '61, absent, sick, at m.o. Rose W. C. e. Aug. 11, '62 Rusk Wm. e. Aug. 2. '62. disch. March 14 '63, disab. Sinclair Peter A. e. Aug. 1, '62, pro. Commissary Sergt. Scoit James H e. July 31, '62. transf. to Co. G. Shields Peter B. e. Aug. 2 '62. des. Jan. tj, 'K3 Segar James W. e. July 26. '62 disch Oct. 26. '64 S'ory Jackson, e. July 29. '62, transf. to Inv. Corps Spencer James, e. July 28, '62. disch. July 26, '64, disabled Schofield James, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. March 31, '63, disabled Spencer UenJ. F. e. Aug. 7, '62, disch. June 23, '63, / r Lieut Spencer P. Compton, rank Oct. 19, '63, assigned to U. S. V. V. E. Aug. 4. '64 First Lieut. Geo. H. Dunavau, rauk Aug. 4,'64, m. o. June 11, '65 Second Lieut. Cyrus L. Rinman, rank Sept. 13, '63, pro. Second Lieut. Spencer P. Compton, rank March 24, '63, pro. First Sttigt. L. C. Ebey, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. Sergt. J. A. Rutherford, e. Aug. 9, '62, pro. .Sergt. A. A. Braden. e. Aug. 14. '62. in. o. May 22, '65 Sergt. G. H. Dunaven. e. Aug. 12, '62, pro. Cor]>. Joliti W. Samuels, e. Aug. 14, '62, Sergt. des. Jan. 24, '63 Corp. Samuel Maddox, e. Aug. 11, '62, in. o. June 11, '65. pro. Corp. Tlios. D. Chapman, e. Aug. 14, '62, trans to Co. A. 21st 111. Inf. Corp. Wallace Sawyer, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 11, '65. as Sergt. Corp. S. P. Compton. e. Aug. 13. '62, pro. 2d Lieut Corp. J. J. Masterson, e. Aug. 14, '62, disch. Feb. 2, '63, disabled Musician James Coffin, e. Aug. 14, '62, pro. Sergt. Major Musician Samuel Metcalf, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, was pris. Wagoner John Clark, e. Aug. 13, '62, des. Jan. 24/63 PRIVATES. Allen John, e. Aug. 14, '62, disch. Feb. 2,'63, as Corp. disabled Angel David, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, was pris. Boyd James, e. Aug. 14, '62, died Richmond, Ky. Dec. 2, '62 Brulgman Henry, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, as Corp. Burris Wilson, e. Aug. 16, '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Burrus G. W. e. Aug. 14, '62, disch. Marcn 19, '63, as Corp. disabled Brown J. R. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, as Corp. Cline Robt. e. Aug. 14 '62. m. o. June 11. '65, Corp. Kads Win. W. e. Aug. 13. '62, in. o. June 11, '65, Emerlck L./e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Kinney B. F. e. Aug. 14, 'b2. in. o. June 11, '65, Sergt. Gilliland A. B. C. e. Aug. 14. '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Gilliland A. J. e. Aug. 14, '62, in. o. June 11, '65 Ghorm G. M. e. Aug. 9.' 62, in. o. June 11, '65 Grady J. H. e. Aug. 6, '62. disch. May 29, '65. disab. Giger Win. H. e. Aug. 14. '62, in. o. June 11. '65 HiTlig F.A. e. Aug. 14/62. wounded at Chickamauga, trans, to V. R. C. April 10, '64 Hoagland Cornelius, e. Aug. 13,'62, m.o. June 11, '65 Hit'gs Win. H. e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Nashville, Tenn. March 21, '64 Gordon H. B. e. Aug. 13,'62, died at Nashville. Tenn. March 5. '63 Jackson Tlios. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Jackson Thomas H. e. Aug. 14, '62, kid. at Chicka- mauga, Sept. 20, '63 Jackson Elijah e. Aug. '62. wounded, missing at Chickamauga. Sept. 20, '63 James Geo. e. Aug. 14, '62, in. o. June 11, '65 James G. W. e. Aug. 14, '62, in. o. June 11. '65 Klaffey Win. e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Franklin, Tenn. April 20, '63 Lusk M. H. e. Aug. 14, '62. Corp. trans, to Eng. C. Aug. 15, '64 Long John, e. Aug. 6, '62, died Franklin, Tenn. May 20. '63 Long Milton, e. Aug. 14, '62, disch. April 21, '63, disabled Long T. J. e. Aug. 14. '62. m. o. June 11, '63 Mays Robt. e. Aug. 14. '62. disch. Sept. 1, '63, disab. .Mays Charles, e. Aug. 14. '62, disch April 5,'63,disab. Mullens Win. J. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, as Sergt. Morgan H. W. e. Aug. 14. '62, Corp. trans, to V. R C. Moon Eilw. e. Aug. 14, '62, disch. April 4, '63, to enl. Miss. Mar. Brig. Major Samuel, e. Aug. 14, '62, died at Richmond, Ky. Nov. 24. '62 Mason Henry, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Louisville, Ky. Feb. 4, '63 Naylor Win. H. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 1 1. '65 Pitner L. N. e. Aug, 13, '62, in. o. June 11. '65 Farmer Jas. A. e. Aug. 13. '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Rhes Win. e. Aug. 14, '62, died at Danville, Ivy. June 24, '63 Roberts J. J. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Rahu John, e. Aug. 14, '62. disch. April 5, '63. disab. Samuels T. O. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Shepherd T. W. e. Aug. 14, '62. died in rebel prison at Danville. Ky. Dec. 18, '63 Smith C. L. e. Aug. 11, '62. m. o. June 11. '65 Slatton J. T. e. Aug. 12, '62. missing in action at Chickamauira, Sept. 20. '63 Sinclair Robt. W. e. Aug. 13.'62. absent, sick, at in.o. Vancleve P. L. e. Aug. 13. '62, m. o. June 11, '65 Webster Daniel, e. Aug. 14. '62, in. o. Juiu- 11. '65 Wilday John, e. Aug. 14, '62, in. o. June 11, '65 Wllday Win. H. e. Aug. 14, '62, in. o. June 11, '65 as Corp. Williamson W. J. e. Aug. 11, '62, m. o. June 11, '65, as Corp. RECRUITS Klnman N. B. e. Aug. 6. '64, died at Huntsvills, Ala. ^Feb. 24. '65 Vaucleve Geo. e. Aug. 4, '64, m, o. June 11, '65 ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTEENTH IN- FANTRY. Llndley C. H. e. Aug. 14, '62, died at Memphis, May 5, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEENTH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Donnan Wm. e. Aug. 15, '62, m. o. Oct. 1, '65. ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Williamson Richard M. e. Aug. 9, '62, transf. to Co. D. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY - SECOND INFANTRY. COMPANY B. Corp. David Mansfield, e. Aug. 13. '62, m. o. July 15, '65 as Sergt. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SIXTH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY D. Wagoner Saml. W. Horton, e. Aug. 21, '62, absent in conflnemt. by sentence of G. C. M. RECRUIT. Gower Eli, e. Jan. 18, '65, m. o. May 31, '65. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-NINTH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY F. PRIVATES. Peak Jacob H. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 8, '65, as Sergt. Villett Win. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 8, '65. COMPANY G. Capt. John B. Nash, rank Sept. 2, '62, res. July 17, '64. Second Lieut. Hiram S. Harrington, rank Sept. 24, '62, res. Aug. 2. '63. UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Chapm Mahlon B. e. Feb. 11, '64. ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTIETH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY F. PRIVATE. Wood Geo. G. e. Aug. 7, '62, died at Memphis, Dec. 15, '62. ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-THIRD IN FANTRY. Major James F. Longley, rank May 31, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64. 462 MOKGAN COUNTY WAR KECOKD. COMPANY B. Capt. George W. Smith, rank May 31, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64. First Lieut. Win. H. Corcoran, rank May 31, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64. Second Lieut. Charles H. Ayres, rank May 31, '64, m. o. Sept. 24. '64. First Sergt. C. H. Graves, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64. Sergt. G. O. Rutledge, e. May 2, '64, m o. Sept. 24, '64. Sergt. C. E. Goodrich, e. May 2, '64, m. o, Sept. 24, '64 Sergt. J. Selby. e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64, Sergt. Caleb Ducket, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24. '64 Cori). James T. Smith, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64. Corp. David Wilson, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Corp. Denby Scott, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Corp. G. A. Henderson, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64. Corp. Daniel Spamhoward, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24. '64. Corp. George Brown, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Corp. George W. Fox, e. May 2. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 PRIVATES. Anderson Daniel S. e. May 2, '64, died at Rock Is- land. Sept. 6, '64 Bybe Win. e. May -2. '64. m. o. Sent. 24, '64 Berry Riley, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Cash James, e. May 2. '64. m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Coonrod Peter, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Crooks James, e. May 2. '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Corral John. e. May 2, '64, des. July 24, '64 Cavajiaugh Peter w. e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Coyne John, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Defratus Antone. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Dickens James T. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Ethel Hiram, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Edds John T. e. May 14. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Fitzgerald Patrick, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Furgisoii John, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24. '64 Gray Stephen, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Grant John, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Gordon Leonard, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Gragon John, e. M ly 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Green Benj. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Harrison Win. e. May 2, '64. m, o. Sept. 24, '64 Heudersou Amos, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Howard Alex. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Jones Jesse J. e. May 2. '64, m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Johnston Jonathan, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24,''64 Killman Jolin L. e. May 2. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Kindel Frank, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Lills Martin, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Lomllend Antone, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Long John F. e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Lewis Isaac I), e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Lewis George, e. May 2. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Laycon Harmon D. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sepr, 24, '64 Laughliu Patrick, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Marshal Joseph G. e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Mitcliell Wm. B. e. May 2. '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 McBride John, e. May 2. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Middleton Jolin, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Marks Antoneo, e. May 2. '64, in. o. Sept. 24. '64 McPliersou Pimlad, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 McGlonghlin Peter, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Madox Lewis, e. May 2. '64. in. o. Sept. 24, '64 McFadin James, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24 '64 Masterson Jeremiah, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '6 Newman Jesse, e. Mav 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24. '64 O'Keiss Patrick, P. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Pierce Joseph, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Ryan Thomas, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Ransom George, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Sampold Edward, e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Smith Julius e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Salsburg Joseph, e. May 2, '64. m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Thompson Chas. J. e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Thomas Isaac W. e. May 12, '64, in. o. Sept. 24. '64 Temple Marshall A. e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24,' '64 Virgnart George, e. Mav 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Vance John, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Varny John, e. May 2, '64, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. Weathless Mitten, e. May 2, '64. in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Walcliam John, e. May 2. '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Wat-slow Edward B. e. May 2, '64. in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Willoughby Skelton. e. M;iy 2, '64, m.o. Sept. 24, '64 Young Willard. e. May 2, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-THIRD (100 days) INFANTRY. COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Barrowman Alex. e. May 7. '64, m. o. Sept. 24. '64 Lomrfield Saml. e. May 11. '64, in. o. Sepr. 24, '64 McCorinick Duncan, e. May 17, '64, in. o. Sept. 24, '64 Parish William, e. May 7. '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 Peacock Gordon, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 24 '64 ONE, HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. COMPANY D. PRIVATE. Stephens Joseph S. e. May 14, '64, m. o. Oct. 25, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIFTH IN- FANTRY. COMPANY B. PRIVATE. Mauzy James B. e. May 8, '64, m. o. Sept. 28, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVENTH (100 Days) INFANTRY. COMPANY E. Sergt. John Davis, e. May 7, '64, m. o. June 30, '65> private, pris. war PRIVATE. Cannon James G. e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 24, '64 ONE HUNDED AND FORTIETH (100 Days) INFANTRY. COMPANY E. PRIVATE. Clisbee James N. e. May 16, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FOURTH (One Year) INFANTRY. COMPANY K. Second Lieut. Malcolm Tunstall, rank May 29, ' 65 m. o. July 14, '65 PRIVATES. Penn Joseph F. e. Nov. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65. Smith Saml. T. e. Nov. 10, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Tunstall Malcolm, e. Nov. 10, '64, pro. Sergt. then Second Lieut. RECRUIT. Abner Andrew, e. Nov. 14, '64, dishon. disch. Sept. 4, '65 ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FIFTH (100 Days) INFANTRY. Lient. Col. Rufus C. Crampton, rank June 9, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Sergt. Major James A. Brown, e. June 9, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 COMPANY C. Capt. Geo. R. Bibb, rank, June 9, '64, m. o. Sept. 23 '64 First Lieut. John P. Cowdin, rank June 9, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Second Lieut. Martin V. B. Parker, rank June 9, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 First Sergt. William T. Masters, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, -'64 Sergt. Chas. A. Turner, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, Sergt. James A. Brown, e. May 7, '64, pro. Sergt. Major Sergr. Henry B. Shirley, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Sergt. Wm. H. Pilchen, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Corp. Truman O. Douglass, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Corp. Thos. J. Pitner, e. May 7. '64, m. o. Sept. 23. '64 Corp. Wm. Henry, e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Corp. Mart n H. Cassell, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64. as Sergt. Corp. John T. Smedley, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, Corp. Wm. Wetherbee, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 463 Corp. Eli B. Hamilton, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Corp. Albert Hanback, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, PRIVATES. Atkinson Win. H. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Anstiff Geo. D. e. May 7. '64, in. o. Sept, 23, '64 Bevmer John H. e. May 16, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Bibb Henry O. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Bickford Chas. S. e. May 7. '64. m. o. Sept. 23. '64 UroadwHI Chas. E. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Brownfield Francis S. e. Slay 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, a A V>UK I \i v r; *? 111. y 31, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Kennedy Wiley P. e. May 7. '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Kerr Geo. e. May 16. '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 King David, e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Lutieral Isaac N. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept, 23, '64 tn.c.uonaui win. e. may t. 'ot, in. o. oepu xa, o* McLaughlin Win. e. May 7. '64. in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Metcalf Hiram B. e. May 7. '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Metealf John H. e. May 1. '64. m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Miller David, e. Mav 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Mildon Elijah F. e. May 7. '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Murray Win. S. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Ogle John B. e. May 7. '64. in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Osborn John T. e. May 7, '64. in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Orvis Clarkson F. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Paige Aaron S. e. May 7, '64. m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Read James H. e. May 7. '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Scott Ezra C. e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, 64 Smith Frank M. e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, 64 Smith John L. e. May 25. '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Smith Galder, e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Smith Asa W. e. June 1, '64, m. o. Sept. 23. '64 Sibert Milton, e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Stevenson Joseph B. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Stevenson Henry S. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Taukesley Win. H. e. May 7, '64. in. o. Sept. 23, '64 TindnJl Jacob, e. May 7, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 Updike George W. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Van Clay M. e. May 7, '64, in . o. Sept. ~3, '64 Watson Nicholas T. e. May 7, '64. in. o. Sept, 23, '64 Williams Anderson, e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sepr, 23, '64 Williiiins Edw. H. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23. '64 Wilson John, e. May 30, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 Wyatt Edw. L. e. May 7, '64, in. o. Sept. 23, '64 COMPANY E. PRIVATE. Henderson Thomas, e. May 2, '64, m. o. Sept. 23, '64 ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SIXTH (One Year) INFANTRY. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. Daniel Joseph G. e. Sept. 12, '64, m. o. July 8, '65 Risk James e. Sept. 5. '64. in. o. July 8, '65 Short Samuel, e. Sept. 12, '64, m. o. July 8, '65, as musician ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-NINTH INFANTRY. Major Moses M. Warner, rank Feb. 11, '65, m. o. Jan. 27, '66 COMPANY G. Caps. Win. W. Standgage, rauk Feb. 13, '65, in. o. Jan. 27. '66 PRIVATES. Burke John, e. Jan. 30. '65. des. Feb. 14, '65 Bailey John, e. Feb. 8, '65, in. o. Sept. 12, '65 Brown Peter, e. Jan. 30. '65, des. Sept. 25, '65, second desertion Cox James P. e. Jan. 30. '65. m. o. Jan. 27. '66 Drew Warner, e. Jan. 30, '65, in. o. Jan. 27, '66 Fasnacht James, e. Jan. 30. '65, m. o. Jan. 27, '66 Groves Charles, e. Feb. 2, '65, des. Feb. 14, '65 Hubbs Win. B. e. Feb. 4, '65, des. Feb. 14, '65 Horan Peter, e. Feb. 6, '65, died Chattanooga, Tenn., April 10, '65 Hunt Albert, e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. Aug. 21. '65 Igoe Joseph, e. Feb. 2, '65, des. Feb. 14, '65 Jackson Atwell, e. Feb. 9, '65, des. Marcli 15. '65 Kinlson Laraine, e. Feb. 4. '65, des. Aug. 8, '65 Murray John, e. Jan. 30, '65, des. Feb. 15, '65 Padget Frank, e. Jan. 31, '65, in. o. Jan. 27, '66. as Corp. Parker John, e. Feb. 7, '65. in. o. Jan. 27, '66 Roberts Wm. e. Jan. 30, '65. des. July 21, '65 Rodinger John, e. Feb. 2, '65. des. Feb. 15, '65 Robinson John, e. Jan. 31. '65, des. Feb. 14. '65 Scott Charles E. e. Jan. 30. '65. in. o. Jan. 27, '66 SturgisJohn R. e. Jan. 31, '65, m. o. Jan. 27, '66 Stall George, e. Feb. 7. '65. in. o. Jan. 27, '66 Tackett Charles, e. Feb. 7, '65, m. o. Jan. 27. '66, as Sergt. Wallace Wm. e. Feb. 7. '65, m. o. Jan. 27. '66 Welch Daniel, e. Feb. 2, '65, in. o. June 3. '65. in. o. roll says died at Cleveland, Tenn., March 17, '65 Wilson Win. e. Feb. 2. '65. des. Feb. 14. '65 Walch Wm. e. Jan. 27. '65, des. Feb. 15, '65 Whiteinan Henry, e. Feb. 7. '65, des. July 21, '65 COMPANY I. Corp Charles Wertinger, e. Feb. 2, '65. des.Feb.16. '65 Musician Theoclete Foulboeuf, e. Feb. 2, '65, m. o. Jan. 27, '66 PRIVATES. Foreman Larkin, e. Feb. 2, '65. des. Feb. 16, '65 Kunce Lewis or Louis, e. Feb. 2. '65, in. o. Jan. 27, '66 Moore John W. e. Feb. 2, '65, m. o. Jan. 27, '66 Way Enoch, e. Feb. 3, '65. in. o. Jan. 27, '66 Whalen John. e. Feb. 2, '65, m. o. Jan. 27. '66 ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH (One Year) INFANTRY. First Asst. Surgeon James G. Cox, rank Aug. 10. '65. m. o. Jan. 16, '66 Second Asst. Surgeon James G. Cox, rank Feb. 14, '65, pro. ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-THIRD (One Year) INFANTRY/ COMPANY A. PRIVATE. McCarthy Joseph, e. Feb. 10, '65. m. o. Aug. 25, '65 COMPANY G. Corp. Edson E. Moore, e. Feb. 17, 65, m. o. Sept. 21, '65 PRIVATES. Edington James M. >'. Feb. 22, '65. m. Sept, 21, '65 Masten Fred C. e. Feb. 22, '65, m. o. Sept. 21, '65 COMPANY I. PRIVATE. Buegle Geo. e. Feb. 26, '65, m. o. Sept. 21, '65 ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FOURTH (One Year) INFANTRY. Col. McLain F. Wood, rank Feb. 22, '65, died at Nash- ville, Tenn. Aug. 6, '65 NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Sergt. Major Wm. H. Dawson, in. o. Sept. 18, '65 COMPANY D. PRIVATES. Baker Wm. D. e. Feb. 7, '65, in. o. Sf-pt. 18. '65 Battey Henrv, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '05 Fee Ellis, e. Feb. 17, '65. m. o. Sept. 18 '65 Higginson Sainl. G. e, Feb. 16, '65. in. o.-Sept. 18, '65 Herr David, e. Feb. 14. '66, in. o. Sept, 18. '65 Pate Jerry, e. Feb. 14, '65, in. o. Sept, 18, '65 COMPANY H. PRIVATE. Greenwood Joseph, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 464 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. COMPANY K. Capt. Wm. W. McAllister, rank Feb. 22, '65, res. March 21, '65 Capt. Burton Brown, rank April 25, '65, m. o. Sept. 18. '65 First Lieut. Burton Brown, rank Feb. 22, '65, pro. First Lieut. Chauncey H. Graves, rank April 25, '65, in. o. Sept 18, '65 Second Lleuc. Cuauucey H. Graves, rank Feb. 22, '65, pro. Second Lieut. Geo. O. Rutledge, rank April 25, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Sergt. W. or. Henry C. Lynch, e. Feb. 11, '65, m. o. July 8, '65, as private Sergt. Win. orC. Heideniierg, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Fii st Sergt, Sergt. Wm. J. Strawn, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65. as Sergt. Corp. Charles W. Roberts, e. Feb. 11, '65, m. o. Sept. 18 ,'65, as Sergt. Corp. Frank or S. J. Creek, e. Feb. 9, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as private Corp. Perry Anderson, e. Feb. 13, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as private Corp. J. Harkins or Hankins, e. Feb. 14, '65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65 Corp. Henry Kistenberg, e. Feb. 9, '65, m. o. Sept. 15, '65, as private Corp. Tliomas M. Sanders, e. Feb. 10, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Corp. Charles Litton, e. Feb. 13, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65. as private Wagoner James Carpenter, e. Feb. 11, '65, in. o. Sept. 18, '65, as private PRIVATES. Brown Burton, e. Feb. 6. '65, pro. First Lieut. Brown Frederick, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Corp. Bennett David or Danl. e. Feb. 13, '65, des. Feb. 22, '65 Buckingham John, e. Feb. 13, '65, m. o. Sept. 18. '65 Crooks James, e. Feb. 13, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Corp. Campbell NeillM. e. Feb. 16, '65. absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. '65 Dawson Wm, e. Feb. 6, '65, pro. Sergt. Major. Doty Tenbrook, e. Feb. 13, '65, m.o. Sept. 18. ' Foote Geo. E. e. Feb. 7. '65 m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Griswold Henry, e Feb. 13, '65, des. Feb. 25. '65, Gray Wm. e. Feb. 16, '65, in. o. Sept. 18, '65 Gleason Patrick, e. Feb. 15, '65, in. o. Sept. 18, '65, Graves Chauncey H. e. Feb. 16, '65. pro. 2nd Lieut. Happy James G. e. Feb. 17, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Hem or Heame Alfred A. e. Feb. 7, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, HalpinJolm, e. Feb. 13, '65. des. Feb. 25, '65 Hatcher Ambrose, e. Feb. 12, '65, des. Feb. 22, '65 Hary or Harvy Win. e. Feb. 10, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Haiiua Win. e. Feb. 15, '65, m. o. Sept. 18. '65 HaysChas. H. e. Feb. 13, '65, des. Feb. 25, '65. (See Recruits, Co. D.) Howard Alex. e. Feb. 9, '65, in. o. Sept, 18, '65 Kause Thomas, e. Feb. 13, '65, des. Feb. 25, '65 Lewis James, e. Feb. 13, '65, died at Nashville, Tenn. March 2, '65, Lewis Oscar D. e. Feb. 9, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Lewis Geo. e. Feb. 18, '65. m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Corp. Martin John, e. Feb. 6, '65, in. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Corp. Mount Theo. e. Feb. 7. '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Mai cum Marvell, e. Feb. 9, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65, as Corp. McLaughlin Peter, e. Feb. 15, '65, m. o. Sept. 18. '65 Markham Wm. J. e. Feb. 9, '65, m. o. May 25, '65 McAllister Wm. W. e. Feb. 6. '65, pro. Capt. Oakley Dennis, e. h eb. 13, '65, in. o. Sept. 18, '65 Osburn Calvin, e. Feb. 17, '65, m. o. Sept. 18. '65 Pro Christian, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Piper Jeremiah, e. Feb. 11, '5, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. Rutledge Geo. O. e. Feb. 9, '65, pro. First Sergt. then Second Lieut. Roberts Francis M. e. Feb. 11. '65. in. o. Sept. 18, '65 Roberts Andrew W. e. Feb. 18, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 Richardson John, e. Feb. 15, '65. ni. o. Sept. 18, '65 Simms or Simmons Jos. e. Feb. 17, '65, cles. Feb. 22, '65 Sparks John W. e. Feb. 16. '65, disch. Aug. 23, '65 Scott Thomas, e. Feb. 25, '65, in. o. Sept. 18. '65 Weathers Milton, e. Feb. 6, '65, m. o. Sept. 18, '65 ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FIFTH (One Year) INFANTRY. Quartermaster Napoleon B. Walker, rank Feb. 28, '65. res. June 4, '65 Quartermaster James A. Lyon, rank June 14, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65 COMPANY B. PRIVATE. Irwin John. e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65 COMPANY E. PRIVATE. Trent Wm. e. Feb. 20, '65, m. o. Sept. 20, '65. See Co. G, 140th 111. Inf. COMPANY F. Sergt. John C. Kar.e, e. Jan. 18, '65. m. o. Sept. 4, '65 Sergt. John N. Balch. e. Jan. 20. '65, private, des. March 2, '65 Corp. Jacob B. Strickler, e. Jan. 18, '65, m. o. Sept. 4. '65, as private Corp. Joshua Dean, e. Jan. 18, '65, m. o. July 5, '65, as private Corp. John W. Robinson, e, Feb. 24, '65. m. o. Sept. 4, '65 PRIVATES. ApplegateOscar A. e. Jan. 18, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65 Armstrong John, e. Jan. 20, '65, in. o. May 24, '65 Armstrong James, e. Jan. 18, '65, died at Louisville, Ky. April 18, '65 Doran Danl. E. e. Jan. 18, '65, died at Murfreesboro, Tenn. Aug. 14. '65 Furgusou John R. e. Feb. 18, '65. m, o. June 19. '65 Hutzler David, e. Jan. 20, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65, as First Sergt. Lambert Joshua, e. Feb. 16, '65. m. o. May 11, '65 McMormick R. F. e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65 McCulloch Silas W. e. Jan. 20, '65, des. Aug. 12, '65 Markley Thomas, e. Jan. 20. '65, nt. o. Sept. 4, '65 Morgan Edward, e. Jan. 18. '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65, as Corp. McDermot Franklin, e. Jan. 18, '65, m. o. Sept. 4 '65 SwailesGeo. W. e. Feb. 24, '65, m. o. Sept. 4. '65 Thorp Elijah, e. Feb. 12, '65, m. o. Sept, 4, '65 COMPANY H. PRIVATES. Bryan Wm. e. Feb. 23, '65, m.o. Sept. 4, '65 Bailey Lewis, e. Feb. 24, '65, m.o, Sept. 4, '65 Cash Fernando C. e. Feb. 13, '65, m.o. Sept. 4, '65 Eagle John T. e. Feb. 21. '65, m. o. Sept, 4, '65 Hodges John J. e. Feb. 23. '65, in. o. Sept. 4, '65 Hart Wallace, e. Feb. 24, '65. m. o. June 24, '65 Rodgers Zephaniah, e. -Feb. 23, '65, in. o. Sept. 4, '65 COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Mason Wm. B. e. Feb. 20, '65, m. o. Sept. 4, '65 Manly Wm. e. Feb. 20, '65. in. o. Sept. 4, '65 Mason Isaac J. e. Feb. 20, '65. m. o. Sept. 4, '65 COMPANY K. PRIVATE. Bible Thomas H. e. Feb. 17, '65. m. o. Sept. 4, '65 SECOND CAVALRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATES. Gintz John, e. Aug, 8, '61, disch. Aug. 11, '64, term expired Nelson Charles, e. Aug. 8, '61, disch. April 18, '62 RECRUITS. Fargus James A. e. Sept. 24, '64, m. o. June 17, '65 Garlock James, e. Jan. 22, '64, died at Baton Rouge, Jan. 25, '64 THIRD CAVALRY. COMPANY A. Corp. Jefferson Van Nota, e. Aug. 2, '61, m. o. Sept. 5, '64, as 1st Sergt. Bugler Rufus H. Britell, e. Aug. 27, '61, trans, to Regimental band PRIVATES. Groasman Wm. M. e. Aug. 10, '61, in. o. Sept. 5, '64 as Corp. Hendersen Edwin, e. Aug. 2, '61, disch. for disab. Henderson Joel, e. Aug. a, '61, m. o. Sept. 5, '64 Henderson Edw. F. e. Aug. 2, '61, in. o. Sept. 5, '64 Price Finnan, e. Aug. 23, '61, m. o. Sept. 5, '64, as farrier Ward James H. e. Aug. 10, '61, died at Helena, Ark., Nov. 30, '62 COMPANY C. PRIVATES. Browning James M. e. Aug. 19, '61, disch. Jan. 7. '62, disab. Blorkins orBluhm M. H. e. Aug. 19, '61, m.o. Sept. 5, '64 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 465 Barwick Joseph, e. Aug. 19, '61, re-enl. as vet. Beckman Lewis, e. Aug. 19, '61. re-enl. as vet. Bluhtn Wm. e. Aug. 19, '61. in. o. Sept. 5, '64, as Corp. Bonds Jasper, e. Aug. 19, '61. in. o. Sept. 5, '64 Dolhow Eli, e. Aug. 19, '61. died at St. Louis, Nov. 2. '62 Fee Alexander, e. Aug. 19. '61, des. Dec. 23, '61 Saltou Roiit. e. Aug. 19. '61. re-enl. as vet. Smith L^wis, e. Aug. 19. '61. m. o. Sept. 5, '64 Severs Jacob M. e. Aug. 19, '61, Corp. on sick fur- lough since May 16. '62 Saltou Rout. e. March 15, '61, trans, to Co. F, as consolidated RECRUIT. Bonds John J. H. e. Dec. 29, '63, des. June 4, '64 COMPANY H. Bugler Geo. O. Rutledge, e. Aug. 22, '61 PRIVATE. Burkett John J. e. Aug. 13, '61, disch. March 1, '62, wounds THIRD (Consolidated) CAVALRY. COMPANY F. RECRUIT. Bond John J. H. e. Jan. 27. '65, des . July 26, '65 COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Belville Win. E. e. March 4, '65, m. o. Oct. 10, '65 Mitchell Win. E. e. March 4, '65, in. o. Oct. 10, '65 COMPANY K. PRIVATE. Paul John, e. March 31, '65, des. May 27, '65 FOURTH CAVALRY. COMPANY L.. RECRUIT. Anderson James A. e. Feb. 5, '64, trans, to Co. B, as consolidated FIFTH CWALRY. COMPANY I. Corp. James C. Peas. e. Sept. 23. '61, died at Vicks- fmrg, Oct. 30, '64 SIXTH CAVALRY. Col. Ben]. H. Grierson, rank March 28, '62, prcfc Brigadier-General June 3. '63 Col. Mathew H. Starr, rank June 3, '63. died of wounds, at Jacksonville, Mo., Oct. 1, '64 Liciit. Col. Marh'-w H. Starr, rank Nov. 2, '63, pro. *'ai. Ben], H. Grierson, rank Aug. 28. '61, pro. Col. M;ij. Mathew IT. Starr, rank Oct. 15, '62, pro. Quartermaster John M. Synder, rank Sept. 1, '61. in. o. June 1, '62 Quartermaster John C. Grierson, rank Oct. 29, '62, pro. by President COMPANY C. Capt. David P. Foster, rank Nov. 19, '61, disch. Jan. 2, '63 First Lieut. Wm. L. Edwards, rank Nov. 19, '61, resigned March 14, '62, re-applied First Lieut. Wm. L. Edwards, rank April 15, '62, died Dec. 31. '62 First Lieut. Charles If. Hazzard, rank Dec. 31, '62, lion, disci). July 24, '63 Second Lieut. Charles H. Hazzard, rank April 25, '62, pro. Co. Quartermaster Ser^t. John Landers.e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet. Sorgt. Archie McDonald, e. Sept. 3, '61 Sergt;. Joseph Hoglen, e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl, as vet. Corp. Thomas Lawso'i, >. Sept. 3. '61, re-enl. as vet. Corp. David W. Ford, e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet. Bugler George Baumme), e. Sept. 3. '61, re-enl. as vet, Farrier John Barber, e. Sept. 3. '61 Blacksmith John J. Snyder, e. Sept. 3, '61, m. o. Dec. 13, '64 PRIVATES. Beck Wm. A. e. Sept. 3, '61 Brown George, e. Sept. 3. '61, in. o. Dec. 12, '64 Buck James W. e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet. Boone Thomas K. e. Sept 3, '61, in. o. Dec. 12, '64 Carpenter Charles L. e. Sept. 3. '61, died at Mem- phis, May 20, '64 Carpenter Edw. M. e. Sept, 3, '61, died at Jackson- ville, all., June 17. '64 Conlin Paul, e. Sept. 3, '61. re-enl. as vet. Currin James e. Sept. 3. '61 Foley Michael, e. Sept. 3, '61 Haggard Clias. A. e. Sept. 3. '61 Kfniiey Patrick, e. Sept. 3, '61 Lanhaud Pleasant, e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet. Lustlck Win. e. Sept. 3, '61 Milsha Silas, e. Sept. 3. '61 Murphy Stephen, e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet.' Nagle Patrick, e. Sept. 3. '61, re-enl. as vet. Nagle James, e. Sept. 3, '61, re-enl. as vet. Poland Peter, e. Sept. 3. '61, re-enl. as vet. Sinclair John, e. Sept. 3, '61. m. o. Dec. 12, '64 Sinclair Thomas, e. Sept. 3. '61 Sweeney Paul H. e. Sept. 3. '61 Urteka Joseph, e. Sept. 3, '61 Waters Patrick, e. Sept. 3. '61 VETERANS. Quartermaster Sergt. Robt. Bradley, e. March 1, '61, pro. Capt. Sergt. Peter Poland, e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65, as private Bugler Geo. Bammel, e. March 1. '61, pro. chief bugler, and reduced, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 Saddler Nich. M. Watson, e. March 1,'61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 PRIVATES. Buck James W. e. March 1. '61. m. o. Nov. 5. '65 Conlan Paul, e, March 1, '61, disch. April 8, '65, dis- abled Hoagland Joseph O. e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 Lawson Thomas, e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65, as Sergt. Lanham Pleasant, e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 Landers John, e. March 1. '61, in. o. Nov. 5, '65 Murphy Stephen, e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 Nagle James, e. March 1, '61. m. o. Nov. 5. '65 Nagle Patrick, e. March 1, '61, m. o. Nov. 5. '65 RECRUITS. Ashbrook Thomas J. e. Aug. 30. '61. m. o. June 6, '65 Clennehan James R. e. April 27, '64, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 as Corp. Finn Michael, re-enl. as vet. Hiebarger Joseph, e. April 29, '64, m. o. Nov. 5, '65 Watson Nicholas, re-enl. as vet, UN ASSIGN ED RECRUITS. Abner Allen, e. Dec. 9, '63 White Lewis, e. Feb. 24, '65 SEVENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY L. RECRUIT. Schemerhorn John, e. Feb. 27. '65, m. o. Nov. 4, '65, as bugler UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Coggswell Fred B. e. Feb. 23, '65, des. EIGHTH CAVALRY. COMPANY A. First. Lieut. Henry A. Humphrey, rank July 1, '65' pro. Capt. Co. D. PRIVATES. Huntingdon Luke W. e. Sept. 4. '61. re-enl. as vet. Hoffmann Valentine B. e. Sept. 8, '61, re-enl. as vet. Hubbard Perry, e. Sept. 2. '61, disch. Aug. 15, '62, disabled Hubbard Monroe, e. Sept. 4, '61, disch. Aug. 25, '62, disabled- Shields Joseph, e. Sept. 8. '61, re-enl. as vet. VETERANS. Burnier e. Nov. 30, '63, m. o. July 17, '65, as team- ster Fischer Chas. e. Nov. 30, '63, m. o. July 17, '65, as Corp. Huntingdon Luke W. e. Nov. 30, '63, m. o. July 17, '65 Hoffman Val. B. e. Nov. 30, '63. m. o. July 17, '65, as Corp, RECRUITS. Cook John A. e. Oct. 7, '61. m. o. July 17, '65 GrushaberBenj. e. Oct. 19, '61, waspris. of war m.o. May 12. '65 Hubbard Monroe A. e. Feb. 20, '61, absent, sick, at in. o. of Regt. Phillips Joseph, e. Oct. 19, '61. re-enl. as vet. COMPANY L. VETERANS. Carr J. A. or N. e. Jan. 26, '64, kid. White Plains Va.. in a charge, Oct. 11, '64 Turner Jacob M. e. Jan. 26, '64, m. o. July 17, '65 466 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. NINTH CAVALRY. COMPANY G. RECRUITS. Bonghen Ambrose, e. Feb. 20. '64, m. o. Oct. 31, '65 Churchill Wm. I., e. Feb. 20. '65, m. o. June 13. '65 Streeter Velney, e. Feb. 16, '65, m. o. Oct. 31, '65 Watson Robert, e. Feb. 20, '65, in. o. July 28, '65 COMPANY H. VETERAN. Miner Daniel, e. Feb. 14, '64, m. o. Oct. 31, '65 UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. G risham Hrzekiah, e. April 1, '65 Walker Henry L, e. April 1, '65, des. Aug. 2, '65 TENTH CAVALRY. Maj. Geo. Snelling, rank May 10, '64. m. o. at re-or- ganization Maj. Joseph S. McCartney, rank May 10, '64, m. o. at re-organization COMPANY A. Corpl. Thomas Brenn, e. Sept. 21, '61, died at Quincy, 111., March 19, '62 PRIVATE. Magill Joseph, e. Sept. 21, '61, died at Memphis, Oct, 3, '63 COMPANY B. Second Lieut. Joseph S. McCartney.ranK Feb.14 ,'62, pro. Co. H. Quartermaster Segrt. Josephs. McCartney, e. Sept. 20,'61, pro. Second Lieut. VETERAN. Park Geo. W. e. Jan. 3, '64, trausf. to Co. B. as con- solidated RECRUITS. Cary Thomas L. e. Dec. 21, '63, transf. to Co. B. as reorganized Cary Ueo. W. e. Dec. 21, '63, transf. to Co. B. as re- organized Ezell or Esell Geo. e. Feb. 20, '64, transf. to Co. B. as reorganized Groenke Charles, e. Jan. 18. '64, transf. to Co. B. as reorganized Palmer Win. J. e. Feb. 20, '64, transf. to Co. B. as reorganized Teel James E. e. Oct. 23, transf. to Co. B. as re- organized Wade Thomas, e. Aug. 20, died at Little Rock, Ark., Oct. 5, '63 COMPANY F. RECRUIT. Eckhoff Charles, e. Aug. 18, '64. See Co. F. as reor- ganized COMPANY G. PRIVATE. Green Wm. J. e. Sept. 28, '61. disch. May 1, '64 VETERAN! Marker Wm. H. e. Jan. 5, '64. See Co. G. as reorgan- ized RECRUITS. Dinwiddie Robert, e. Feb. 26, See Co. G. as re- organized Marker Wm. H. e. Jan. 29, '62, re-enl. as vet. COMPANY H. Capt. Joseph S. McCartney, rank Oct. 29, '62, pro. Major RECRUITS. Birdsell Clark, e. Feb. 17, See Co. H. as reor- ganized Hicks Geoige W. e. Feb. 1, '64, died, Little Rock, Ark., Anir. 24, '64 Moss Willis D. e. Feb. 5, '64. See Co. H. as reorgan- ized Sims Robert, e. Feb. 4, '64. See Co. H. as reorganized COMPANY I. Capt. George Snelling, rank July 9, '62, pro. Major PRIVATE. McAllister Geo. T. e. Sept. 23, '61 RECRUITS. Bowen Jefferson F. e. Aug. 19, '62, died, Jan. 1, '63 Coyle Win. F. e. Aug. 19, '62. See Co. I. as reorgan- ized Crawley Wm. A. e. Aug. 19, '62. See Co. I. as reor- ganized Dunwifldle Robt. e. Feb. 26, vet. transf. to Co. G Duckworth Milton J, e. March 4, disch. Oct. 14. '64, disab. Hunter Isaac T. e. March 4, '64, See Co. I. as reor- ganized McAllister Joseph R. e. Aug. 12. See Co. I. as reor- ganized McAllister Charles P. e. Nov. 9, '63. See Co. I. as re- organized, vet. Snelling Wm. H. e. Aug. 21, '62. See Co. I, as reor- ganized COMPANY K. RECRUIT. Rexcoat Lewis L. e. Feb. 1, '64. See Co. D. as reor- ganised COMPANY M. RECRUIT. Shaw Owen or Oliv M. e. Feb. 5, des July 3, '64 ELEVENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY I. RECRUIT. Green Charles, e. March 24, '65, transf. to 5th Ills. Cavalrv TWELFTH CAVALRY. COMPANY A. PRIVATE. Strong Dudley S. e. Jan. 17, '62, des. Feb. '62 COMPANY F. PRIVATE. Hendley Andrew J. e. Oct. -7, '61, des. June 10, '62 UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Bennett Matthias, e. Nov. 14, '64 THIRTEENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY A. VETERANS. Brown Joshua B. e. Feb. 1, '64, transf. to Co. M Cole Wm. N. e. Jan. 3. '64, transf. to Co. M COMPANY G. Corp. James T. Roach, e. Jan. 25, '62 Corp. Richard D. Roberts, e. Jan. 10, '62 Blacksmith Enoch Kents, e. Jan. 10, '62 PRIVATES. Belk Chamberlain, e. Jan. 25, '62, transf. to Co. B. as consolidated Bayer George N. e. Jan. 25, '62, transf. to Co. A. as consolidated Creek Samuel J. e. Jan. 25, '62, disch. June 17, '62, disab. Draper John. e. Feb. 11, '62, died at Pilot Knob, Mo. June 12, '62 Egan Michael, e. Jan. 25. '62, disch. Sept. 20, '62, disab. Granke John, e. Jan. 20, '62 Granke Fred. e. Jan. 10, '62 Groves Joseph, e. Jan. 10, '62, transf to Co. B. as consolidated Hard man David F. e. Jan. 25. '62, died at Old Town Landing, Ark.. Aug. 24, '62 Jones Thomas, e. Jan. 10, '62, transf. to Co. C. as consolidated Jones James, e. Jan. 10, '62, died at Helena, Ark. Oct. 2, '62 Jones Timothy, e. Jan. 10, '62, disch. May 23, '62, disab. Jones Edward, e. Jan. 10, '62, transf. to Co. C. as consolidated Runyon Gilbert, e. Jan. 25, '62, died, Jeff. Barracks, March 22, '62 Roberts Obediah L. e. Jan. 10, '62, transf. to Co. C. as consolidated Shepard Thomas F. e, Feb. 11, '62 West Richard, e. Jan. 10, '62 RECRUITS. Chance George W. transf. to Co. A. as consolidated Draper Abraham, transf. to Co. B. as consolidated Tribble Allen B. died at St. Louis, Nov 25. '62 THIRTEENTH (Consolidated) CAVALRY. COMPANY K. PRIVATE. German Johnson C. e. Dec. 21, m. o. Aug. 31, '65 MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD. 467 FIFTEENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY E. PRIVATE. Drake John, e. Dec. 24, '61 SIXTEENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY G. RECRUIT. Bratton James, e. Sept. 10, '63, ties. March 24. '63 COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Shruin Henry, e. Jan. 3, disch. Mar. 25. '64, disab. Harris James M. e. Sept. 28, exch. prls. abs. in 111 not disch. Laforge George W. e. Sept. 28, exch. pris. m. o. Aug. 19, '65, as Sergt, COMPANY M. PRIVATE. Parker Archibald, e. Feb. 7, m. o. Aug. 19. '65, was pris. SEVENTEENTH CAVALRY. COMPANY C. PRIVATE. Clark Win. M. e. Nov. ], in. o. Nov. 23, '65 COMPANY H. RECRUIT. Kulmitzer Peter, transf. from 12th 111. Cav. m. o. Dec. 15, '65 FIRST ARTILLERY. BATTERY JB. RECRUIT. Ash brook Thos. J. e. Aug. 17 assigned to new Co. A. BATTERY F. First Lieut. John W. Risley, rank July 23, '64, m. o. March 7, '65 Second Lieut. John W. Risley, rank July 21, '62, pro. Junior First Lieut. The organization of Battery F discontinued, and the veterans and recruits assigned to other batte- ries. Special Field order No. 47,headquarters Dept. of the Cumberland, Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 22, 1865. RECRUITS. Baker Augustus, e. Aug. 4, transf. to Co. E. Bossack John W. e. Aug. 2, transf. to Co. E. Blair John, e. Aug. 2, '62. Corp. died at Marietta, Ga., Oct. 8. '64, wounds Chapin Horatio Q. e. Aug. 2, '62, transf. to Co. A. Conrad George, e. Aug. 6, '62, transf. to Co. B. Cooper Win. M. e. Aug. 6, '62, pro. to First Lieut. Co. 1. 128th III. Inf. Gatenby George, e. July 28. '62, transf. to Co. A. Guyler John. e. July 31. '62. transf. to Co. E. Graves John W. e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Lagrange, Tenu., March 5, '63 Lansing Orrin. e. Aug. 2. '62, transf. to Co. A. Lentz Max. e. July 28, '62. transf. to Co. E. Marks James, e. Aug. 6, '62, disch. June 25, '64, disab. Martin Kdward, e. July 29, '62, transf. to Co. E. Minter John, e. July 28, '62, transf. to Co. A. Murat Kdward. e. Aug. 9, '62, died of wounds, at Marietta, Ga. Ott Philip, e. Aug. 2, '62. transf. to Co. A. Overcutler Henry, e. Aug. 6. '62, transf. to Co. A. Ocha Lewis, e. Aug. 9. '62, drowned at St. Louis, Sept. 19. '62 O'Conner Henry, e. Aug. 2, '62, died at Memphis, Nov. 25. '63 Rhearn Fred. e. July 31, '62, transf. to Co. E. Rogers James, e. Aug. 2, '62, transf. to Co. A. Singleton John H. e. July 28. '62, transf. to Co. A. Snyder Lawrence, e. Aug. 5, '62, transf. to Co. E. Thoaisburg James R. e. Aug. 2, '62, transf. to Co. A. Vance K. 1'. e. AUK'. 2. '62. transf. to Co. E. Vance James, e. Aug. 2, '62, transf. to Co. E. Withington Nathaniel, e. Aug.?, '62, transf. toCo.E. Seigle Win. e. Aug. 21, '62, disch. March 23, disab. SECOND ARTILLERY. Quartermaster John Pyatt, rank Nov. 27, '61, Lieut, in Co. K. BATTERY B. VETERAN. Shilegner John, e. March 18. '64. m. o. July 15, '65 RECRUITS. Morgan George F. e. May 25, '61, disch. Sept. 4, '62, disab. Peet John S. e. May 25, '61, re-enl. as vet. BATTERY F. RECRUITS. Dennis Joseph, e. March 30, '65. in. o. July 2, '65 Johnson Zachariah, e. Dec. 28. '63, m. o. July 27, '65 Johnson Henry T. e. Dec. 28, '63, m. o. July 27, '65 BATTERY H. PRIVATE. Rohrer Isadore, e. Sept. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. VETERAN. Rohrer ladore. e. Jan. 1, '64, m. o. July 29, '65 HISTORY OF CO. K. SECOND ARTILLERY. Batterv K., Second Illinois Artillery, was organ- ized at Camp Butler, in December, 1861, by Capt, Beni. F. Rodgers. and was mustered in Dec. 31st. On February 7, 1862, moved to Cairo, III,; and, ill March, to Columbus, Ky. In June, one section was sent to Fort Pillow, during the bombardment. The battery was then ordered to Memphis, Tenn., and, In August, returned to Columbus. In October, moved, with a force under command of Cant. Rod- gers, to Clarkston, Mo., which was occupied by 300 rebels. Attacked and destroyed the place In November, moved to Memphis, and was as- signed to the Fourth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, and moved with the division to Yacona Creek. Returned north to Memphis and Charleston R. R., and remained on duty until February, 1863, when it moved with the division to Memphis. On May 20th, moved to Vicksbnrg; took part in the siege. Aug. 20th, moved to Natchez.Miss. Remained In this place, engaged in various expeditions an4 raids, until Dec. 11, 1864. when it moved to Mem- phis, and went on garrison duty. July 9th, moved from Memphis to Chicago, 111, arriving July llth, and was mustered out July 14, 1865. BATTERY K. Capt. Benj. F. Rodgers, rank Dec. 31, '61, term ex. Dec. 30, '64 Capt. Thomas C. Barber, rank Dec. 30, '64, m. o. Ju- ly 14, '65 First Lieut. Francis M. Ross, rank Dec. 31, '61, died at Jacksonville, 111. Jan. 15, '64 First Lieut. Aleb S. Gale, rank Dec. 31. '61, res. June 26, '63 First Lieut. Wesley Platt, rank June 26, '63, term ex. Jan. 8, '66 Second Lieut. Wesley Platt, rank Feb. 3, '62, pro. junior 1st Lieut. Second Lieut. John Pyatt, rank May 31, '62, pro. senior 2d Lieut. Second Lieut. John Pyatt, rank June 26, '62, disch. Nov. 1, '64 Second Lieut. Thomas C. Barber, rank Nov. 1, '64, pro. Capr. Second Lieut. Alexander Platt, rank Dec. 30, '64, m. o. July 14. '65 Sergt. John W. Brakon e. Oct. 15, '61, ui. o. Dec. 30, '64, as wagoner Sergt. Wm.T. Gibbons, e. Oct. 15, '61 Sergt. John Redding, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, 64. as private Sergt. Geo. W. Bringhurst, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64, as private Corp. Samuel S. Seegar, e. Oct. 15. '61, Corp. Thomas C. Robinson, e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as Corp. Benj. F. Ryeerson, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64, as private Corp. Moses Warner, e Oct. 15. '61. kid. at Mem- phis, Tenn. June 28, '62. by James Crews. Corp. James Stewart, e. Oct. 15, '61, des. Dec. 26,'62 Bugler Geo. W. Sofer, e.Oct, 15, '61 Blacksmith Wm. Springstead, e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Artificer Charles Henderson, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64, as private PRIVATES. Ainswortb Joshua, e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Alexander Wm. T. e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Beebe Anun, e. Oct. 15, '61, in. o. Dec. 30. '64 Bridges Wm. e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64, as ar- tificer Bowen Wm. H. e. Oct. 15, '61, died at Columbus, Ky. May 22, '64 Bacon Jeremiah, e. Oct. 15, '61, disch. June 20, '62, disabled Crumpsler Wm. e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Crowles Leonard A. e. Oct. 15. '61, re-enl. as vet. Cavanaugh John, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64, as Corp. dough Wm. e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Cooper Aaron B. e. Oct. 15, '61. m. o. Deo. 30. '64 Cunningham Wm. H. e. Oct. '15, '61, died at Camp Butler, III. Filey John F. e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet, Fall John. e. Oct. 15, '61. died at Camp Butler, 111. Jan. 28, '62 Gold Sedgwick H. e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64 468 MORGAN COUNTY WAS, RECORD. Hopper Joseph, e. Oct, 15, '61, disch. Dec. 31. '62. disabled Hairgrove Francis M. e.Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec.30,'64 Hamilton George W. e. Oct. 15, '61 Hall Lewis, e. Oct. 15, '61. m. o. Dec. 30. '64. Hughey Alex. e. Oct. 15, '61. m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Harbaker David, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Isaacs Alex. e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Jennings George, e. Oct. 15, '61 Jennings Wm. e. Oct. 15, '61, discli. Dec. 24, '62, disabled James David, e. Oct. 15, '61. re-enl. as vet. James Levi, e. Oct. 15, '61, disch. Sept. 13, '62, disab. Kite Calvin, e. Oct. 15. '61 Lewis Wm. B. e. Oct. 15, '61. m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Leighton John, e. Ort. 15. '61 Lyiie Emmet, e. Oct. 15, "61, transf. to gunboat ser- vice Feb. 21, '62 Lally Henry, e. Oct. 15. '61, des. Aug. 27, '62 Littleberry Robert, e. Oct. 15, '61. des. Feb. 5, '62 Manly Jolin, e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Mitchell John F. e. Oct. 15. '61, re-enl. as vet. Morkin Patrick, e. Oct. 15, '61. re-enl. as vet. McNally Michael, e. Oct. 15 '61, re-enl. as vet. O'Donald Hugh, e. Oct. 15, '61 Pitcher James, e. Oct. 15, '61 Pitman Ross. e. Oct. 15, '61 Radley Henry, e. Oct. 15, '61, re-enl. as vet. Richardson Joseph F. e. Oct. 15. '61 Shipley James H. e.Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Smith John, e. Oct. 15, '61, des. Nov. 26, '62 Trotter Addison V. e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Thompson Michael, e. Oct. 15, '61, m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Wood John, e. Oct. 15. '61. m. o. Dec. 30, '64 Wilkes John, e. Oct. 15 '61. re-enl. as vet. Ward James, e. Oct. 15, '61, discli. April 30, '62, disab. Wade James, e. Oct. 15, '61 VETERANS. Alexander Wm. e. Jan. 5, '64, Corp. disch. April 12, '65, disabled Ains worth Joshua, e. Jan. 5, '64, in. o. July 14, '65 Albertson Albert, e. Jan. 28. '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Aylwai d Thomas, e. Jan. 28, '64. m. o. July 14. '65 Barber Thomas C. e. Jan. 10, '64. pro. Sergt. then senior Second Lieut. Cawles Leonard A. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Clough John W. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Colson Wm. e . Feb. 2, '64, m. o. July 14. '65 Crumpler Wm. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as Corp. Daniels James, e. Jan. 19, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Filey John, e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Gonnell John, e. Jan. 16, '64. m. o. July 14, '65 Gurley George W. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Harris Columbus, e. Feb. 2, '64. m. o. July 14. '65, as Sergt. Isaacs Valentine, e. Jan. 5. '64, m. o. July 14. '65 James David, e. Jan. 5, '64, ni. o. July 14, '65 McCormack Absolom, e. March 19, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as artificer Mitchell John F. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Morkin Patrick, e. Jan. 5, '64. m. o. July 14, '65 McNally Michael, e. Jan. 5. '64. m. o. July 14, '65 Mauley John, e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as Corp. Platt Alexander, e. Feb, 6, '64, pro. Sergt. then senior Second Lieut. Robinson Thomas C. e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as Corp. Radley Henry D.e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as Sergt. Springstead William, e. Jan. 5, '64, m. o. July 14, '65, as Quartermaster Sergt. Wilkes John, e. Jan. 5. '64. m. o. July 14, '64 RECRUITS. Aylward Thomas, e. Jan. 27, '62, re-enl. as vet. Ackoff Charles, e. March 1, '62, re-enl. as vet. Brown John. e. Dec. 15, '63, dishon. disch. to date July 14, '65 Barber Thomas C. e. Jan. 9, '62, re-enl. as vet. Bechi'M Win. e. Jan. 7. '62 Boyd Win. E. e. Jan. 2:2, - 62 Brown George, e. Jan. 22. '62, died at Columbus, Ky., Marc 1 1 19, '62 Crisswell George M. e. Dec. 30, '63, m. o. July 14, '65 Crews Philip, e. Jan. 9, '62, disch. Jan. 8, '65, term ex. Crews Thomas, e. Jan. 9, '62, disch. Jan. 8, '65, term ex. Crews James, e. Jan. 15, '62. dishon. disch. Oct.11,'62 Cox Fleming, e. Jan. 27. '62, des. June 21, '62 Cox Thomas, e. Feb. 1, '62, died at Columbus, Ky., July 9. '52 Colson Wm. e. Feb. 1, '62. re-enl. as vet. Darley Benj. e. Feb. 18, '64, m. o. July 14, '65 Daniels James, e. Jan. 18, 'fi2, re-enl. as vet. Elliott Thomas, e. Jan. 9, '62, disch. Jan. 8, '65, term ex. Evans Wm. e. Jan. 15, '63, disch. Jan. 14. '65, term ex. (Mbson.Tohn M. e. Dec. 15. '62, m. o. July 14. '65 Getter Benj. O. e. Oct. 21, '62, m. o. July 14. '65 Gunnell John, e. Jan. 13, '62, re-enl. as vet. Hurst Thomas, e. Jan. 11, '62, disch. Jan. 14, '65, term ex. Hughs Henry, e. Jan. 27. '62 Ja.iiesor Jones Joseph, e. Dec. 17, '63, m. o. July 14, '65, as artificer Lawless Martin, e. Jan. 20, '62, des. Nov. 26, '62 McCormick Absolom L. e. March 18, '62, re-enl. as vet. O'Neal Daniel, e. Jan. 27. '62, des. Aug. 27. '62 Peck Charles M. e. March 28. '64, in. o. July 14, '65 Platt Alex. e. Feb. 5, '62. re-enl. as vet. Swales Wm. W. e. Feb. 2, '62, disch. Feb. 2, '65, term expired Savchtield James, e. Jan. 7, '62, des. Nov. 26, '62 Taylor Andrew J. e. Jan. 3, '62, disch. Jan. 8, '65, term expired Thompson Robert, e. Oct. 9, '62 Wright Daniel, e. March 1. '62. disch. Sept 9, '62, disab. BATTERY M. UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. Bradley Bernard, e. Oct. 20, '64 Bailey James, e. April 7, '65 Carrol Henry, e. Nov. 28, '63, des. Dec. 28, 63 Clark James, e. Oct. 20. '64 CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE BATTERY. White George T. e. Oct. 27, '63? died at Vining Sta- tion, Ga. Aug. 28, '64, wounds SPRINGFIELD LIGHT ARTILLERY. RECRUITS. Booth Wm. W. e. Nov. 23, '63, m. o. June 30, '65 Brown Benj. F. e. Nov. 6, '62. m. o. June 30. '65 Carter Charles W. e. Nov. 6. '62, in. o. June 30, '65 Cross Ethan W. e. March 30, '65 Henry John. e. Nov. 18, '63. m. o. June 30. '65 Thomas , e. Nov. 18, '63. m. o. June 30. '65 Thibus Fred W. e. Nov. 18, '63, m. o. May 29, '65 TWENTY NINTH U. S. COLORED INFAN- TRY. COMPANY E. RECRUITS. Conner John. e. Feb. 1, '65. m. o. Nov. 6, '65 Masters Lewis, e. Feb. 1, '65, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. Thompson Libby, e. Feb. 2, '65, m. o. Nov. 6, '65 COMPANY F. RECRUITS. Christine Alex. e. Jan. 28, '65, absent, sick, at m. o. of Regt. Washington Wm. e. Feb. 1, '65, m. o. Nov. 6, '65 COMPANY G. RECRUIT. Mullen John, e. Jan. 23, '65, m. o. Nov. 6, '65 UNASSIGNED RECRUIT. Hill John, e. Sept. 5, '64 THIRTEENTH U. S. COLORED ARTILLERY. Atkinson John L. e. April 4, '65 Asbrook Sylvanus, e. April 5. '65 Franklin Nathan, e. April 5, '65 Henry George, e. April 5. '65 Kirk "Edward, e. March 31, '65 Moore Samuel, e. April 5. '65 Price Alfred, e. March 30, '65 FIRST ARMY CORPS. PRIVATES. Shannon Gilbert, Co. No. 3, e. Feb. 21, '65, m. o. Feb. 21, '66 Uhlig August, Co. No. 6. e. March 23. '65 Weber George, Co. No. 7, e. March 23. '65 Rommel Fridolin, Co. No. 7. e. March 23, '65 Stiumpf Wm. Co. No. 7, e. March 23, '65 Gargeman, Co. No. 7, e. March 23. '65 Patierson John, Co. No. 7, e. March 23, '65 Hoffman John T. Co. No. 11, e. April 7, '65, m. o. April 6, '66, assigned to Co. E. 19th Reg. U. S, Vet. Vols. RECRUITS FOR THE U. S. REGULAR ARMY. Morkin Patrick, e. Sept. '65 Stuorr Alfred F, e. Oct. '65 Brize John H. e. Jail. '65 BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY. ABBREVIATIONS. ib ... above. nr near opp opposite r residence s ..south of w . west of ns north side ws . . west side es east side T. W. & W Toledo, Wabash & Western P. P. & 1 _ Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville C. A. & St. L Chicago, Alton & St. Louis J. N. W. & S. E Jacksonville, North Western & South Eastern. av avenue. bet between. bds ... ...boards. bldg building. cor . corne'. elk.. ...clerk. lab laborer. carp carpenter. ss south side. e... ...east of. mnfr manufacturer. n north of. JACKSONVILLE CITY DIRECTORY. A BNATHER JOHN, lab. r ws N. Main A nR.R. Acorn Edward, elk. r es East s College Adams D. J. cigars, etc. ss W. State, Gal- laher's blk. bds. Park house Adams Mary J. Mrs. r W. College av. opp. College Adgate J. W. (Adgate & Harris) r es East s of the Brook ADGATE & HARRIS (John W. Adgate and William P. Harris), se cor. Square, represent the following well-known companies : Atlantic, New York ; Com mercial Union, London ; La Caisse Gen- erale, Paris ; Manhattan, New York ; Allemania, Pittsburgh ; Milwaukee Me- chanics' ; Agricultural, Watertown ; Far- mer's, York, Pa.; Fireman's, Dayton ; Im- perial & Northern, London ; North Ger- man, Hamburg, and others Ahlquist John A. elk. Catlin & Co. Ainsworth Joshua, lab. r East s Morton av. Airey John, shoemkr. r E. College Akers G. tailor, r es East s Morton av. Akers Lida Miss, teacher, r. ws. East s. Col- lege Akers Peter Rev. minister, r E. College av. e R.R. Akers Robert N. (Akers & Russell) r 517 Diamond, cor. Anna Akers Susan Mrs. r ws East s College AKERS & RUSSELL (Robert N. Akers and John W. Russell) iron and brass founders and machinists, office and works near R.R. Junction. New br'.ck building and new machinery. We have the accu- mulated patterns of twenty years' business. Engines, pulleys, shafting; and other ma- chinery furnished at lowest rates, and on short notice. All jobbing woik attended to promptly Alcorn Andrew, drayman, r Church n State Alcott W. A. druggist es Square nr Court, r 209 W. College av. nr Sandy Alexander Hattie, wid. Francis, r W.R.R. w Bedwell Alexander Robert, brklayr. r Court cor. West Alkire C. P. (L. E. & C. P. Alkire) r College av. nr Clay av. Alkire L. E. (L. E. & C. P. Alkire) r College av. nr Clay av. Alkire L. E. & C. P. (L. E. and C. P. Alkire) millinery es Square nr Court Allen A. B. clerk Dunlap house Allen E. cook, r Marion av. svv cor. Church Allen E. M. carriagemkr. r E. College av. se cor. Lurton Allen George, elk. bds. W. Allen's, S. Main opp P.O. Allen Glover W. elk. bds. College nw cor. Sandy 470 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Allen Harrison, grocer, bds. W. Allen's, S. Main opp P.O. Allen J. W. Rev. pas. Chris, church, r 1002 S. Main Allen Lafayette, lab. r ss Marion e Church Allen Mack, lab. r Anna cor. Sandy Allen Theodore, mason, r Madison, e West Allen Wash, grocer S. Main opp P.O. r College, nw cor. Sandy Allquiet John, elk. r ss Michigan av. e East ALspaugh Calvin, fireman, bds. Mrs. E. Me Bride Alves Eli, r Walnut w Diamond Alves Mary Mrs. r Walnut w Diamond Ambler J. wid. Washington r ss Mor- gan nr West Anderson Benjamin, furniture, r Washing- ton se cor. East Anderson Bina Miss, dressmkr. r Church nw cor. Court Anderson Catherine, r S. Mauvaisterre n S. College av. Anderson Charles G. tinner, r Groghan n W.R.R. Anderson Emma Miss, dressmkr. r Church i nw. cor. Court Anderson H. M. teacher, r es Clay av. s Franklin Anderson John, lab. Insane Asylum Anderson J. S. (J. S. Anderson & Son) r Washington se cor. East Anderson J. T. dairyman, r W. D. Ander- son Anderson, J. S. & Son (J. S. & S. T. Ander- son) undertakers ws Square nr Court Anderson Mary E. dressmaking re cor. Square, r Church nw cor. Court Anderson S. T. (S. T. Anderson & Son) r Washington se cor. East Anderson W. D. dairyman, r es Lincoln av. s Mound av. Andras W T m. S. r esS. Main s Brook Andrath M. J. gardener, r Pine n W.R.R. Andrews A. Mrs. r W.R.R. w Diamond Andrews A. J. carp, r ws Diamond s i Anna Andrews E. C. painter, r ws Diamond end Anna Andrews Frank, painter, r W.R.R. w Dia- ! mond Andrews John, carp, r Diamond cor. Lafay- ; ette av. Andrews Joseph, teamster, r W.R.R. w Groghan Angel David, teamster, rSandusky s W.R.R. Anhalt George, dyer, ns State e Square Anthony Ida, ironer Insane Asylum Anthony Minnie, chambermaid Insane Asy- lum Arbogast W. E. cigarmkr. bds. North nr Yates Arey John, shoemkr. r ns E. Morgan e East Arenz Albert W. dept. elk. co. elk. r ns Col- lege nr Clay av. Arisman John, barkpr. bds. Southern hotel Armstrong Alex, chief engineer fire depart- ment, r es S. Prairie s Anna Armstrong Samuel, blacksmth. bds. E. Kee- mer's Arndt Theodore S. carp. bds. es East, s North Arnett Charles L. r W.R.R. cor. Brown Arnett Susan, wid. James, r W.R.R. cor. Brown Arnold Horace, baker, r College av. nr Gray av. Arnold Isabella D. Miss, r Prof. H. E. Storr's Arthur Joseph, lab. r West n R.R. Ashburn Victoria B. attendant Insane Asylum Ashcraft Charles G. blacksmth. r ss Dunlap e Main Ashelby Matthew, stock dealer, r ns Grove w Prospect Askew Edward, r ns Court e Yates Askew J. R. (Askew & Hamill) r E. Court nr Church Askew & Hamill (J. R. Askew and E H. Hamill) physicians, ss Square, nr Sandy Athenaeum, Prof. W. D. Sanders, supt. ws Sandy s Square ATKINS A. J. bridgebldr. residence 608 E. College av. Was born August 15, 1841, in Springfield, 111.; came to Jackson- ville in the Fall of 1870; was married August 15, 1867, to Miss Kate E. Russell, of Columbus, Ohio; she died December 16, 1869;. was mirried again May 2, 1871, to Miss Kizzie E. McBride; she was born in Salem, N. C. July 31, 1850; he has four children, Harry R. born July 17, 1869, Myra Gertrude born January 31, 1872, Jessie Belle born June 8, 1874. and Harvey D. born October 15, 1876; Harry R. is by his first wife; up to 1873 Mr. A. devoted most of his time to railroad contracting Atkins K. Mrs. r ss College av. e Hardin av. Atkinson Elizabeth, wid. William, r es East n North JACKSONVILLE. 471 Atwater S. A. Mrs. bds. Dunlap house Atwater William A. clerk, r W. College av. cor. West Auckland Mary E. Miss, Visitors' Attendant 111. Inst. Blind Austin Michael, ice cream, r East se cor. Madison Ayers A. E.(M. P. Ayers & Co.) r ns State opp Westminster Ayers E. A. med. student, r State cor. Pine Ayers John A. collr. r Caldwell, cor. State Ayers M. P. (M. P. Ayers & Co.) r ns W. State cor. Pine AYERS M. P. & CO. (M. P. Ayers, W. S. Hook and A. E. Ayers) bankers, ws Square nr W. State Ayers W. C. P. elk. r East nr the Brook Ayre Jonas, carp, r East ID ABCOCK Charles W. physician, bds. I. J. Woodworth's Back Fanny Miss, r Independence av. n C. & A.R.R. Bacon Hezekiah, weaver es S. Main end Anna Bacon H. C. carriagemkr. r es S. Main end Anna Badger M. B. painter, r West s Lafayette av. Baggs H. W. physician, r ws Church s Grove Bailey George W., A. M. instructor in Greek, r cor. Lockwood pi. and Mound av. Bailey E. Miss, nurse Sanitarium Baker E. Miss, seamstress, r Mrs. M. Baker Baker Frank, jeweler, r Morton av. w West Baker George, baker, r East s Superior av. Baker Joel, engineer, r Hardin av. se cor. Morton av. Baker M. Mrs. seamstress, r E. Morgan e East Baker William, carp, r ws Clay av. n W.R.R. Baldwin Julia MHS, dressmkr. bds. Mrs. E. Cornell Baldwin W. A. painter, ss Morgan nr Sandy, r Clay av. nr College Ball Virginia Mrs. wid. Harry, r N. West n North Bancroft Horace, r ss W. Statj e Prairie Bancroft J. H.ins. agt. ns Square cor. Sandy, r ss State w Prairie Banford M. Mrs. r Church se cor. Marion av. Banks Anderson, paperhngr. r ws Kosciusko n Ann Baptist Joseph, carp, r ss Lafayette av. e Pine Baptist Saunders, lab. r Freedman e Cald- well Baptiste Antonio, blksmth. r W.R.R. w Diamond Baptiste Joaquin, lab. r Freedman w Dia- mond Baptiste John, farmer, r Caldwell s W.R.R. Baptiste Sebastian, lab. r Pine n W.R.R. Barbenhausen Henry, cigarmkr. r College av. cor. Clay av. Barbenhausen Harmen, lab. r E. College sw. cor. Clay av. Barber Augustus K. r W. College av. opp College Barber Geo. W. teamster, r ns Clay av. n Michigan Barber Thos. r ns E. College av. w Har- din av. Barcroft William, shoemkr. es Mauvaisterre s. Square Barcroft William L. elk. r Mauvaisterre nr College av. Bardsley George, asst. janitor Court House, r North w Sandy Bardsley George, watchman Ayer's bank, r ss Chambers e C.& A.R.R. Barker C. A. bkpr. D. and D. Asylum, r es S. Main s Superior av. Barlow James, music teacher, r Grove cor. Kosciusko Barnes Bell Mrs. r ss W. State w Church Barnes Charles, lawyer, r ss W. State e Fay- ette Barnes William H. lawyer ns W. State nr Square, r ss State nr Church Barns W. Rev. r ss W. State nr Church Barns R. M. Rev. r Church sw cor. Duncan Barnett Fielding, porter, r N. Sandy n R.R. Barnum John, attendant Jacksonville Hospi- tal Barr Hugh (S. O. Barr & Bro.) r Decatur Barr S. O. (S. O. Barr & Bro.) r es East n Morton av. Barr S. O. & Bro. (S. O. and H. Barr) com. mers. ns W. State nr Square Barr Wm. P. merchant, r ss W. State w Westminster Barrett Frederick, baker Insane Asylum Barrett F. P. baker, r ws Clay av. n Superior Barrett G. F. farmer, r West n North Barrett L. C. conductor C.& A.R.R. r 201 W. College av. 472 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Barrett Tomnick, teacher, r ns E. College av. e East Barrett , teamster, r Diamond s Freed- man Barrows C. S. music and musical instruments, I Conservatory blk. Barrows J. F. (Barrows & Brown) r Grove nr Westminster liarrows & Brown (J. F. Barrows and W. T. Brown) pianos and organs, I Conservatory blk. Barry Richard, lab. r Caldwell s W.R.R. Bartlett James, carp, r ns East s Morton av. Bartlett James, joiner, r East s Morton av. Bartlett Peter A. agt. r North w West Barton Harry, farmer, r ns North e Mau- vaisterre Barton Harry, lab. r ns Clay av. s College Barton Martha Miss, r es N. Main s Walnut Basconcellos Frank, cigarmkr. r Diamond cor. Lafayette av. Basconcellos William, driver Johnson & Son Bashforth C. H. bkpr. U. S. Ex. bds. Park house Bassett L. lab. r Reid & Co. brick yard Basseti Rose, washerwoman Insane Asylum Batty Charles, blksmth. r Court cor. West Batz Christian, r ss North e East Batz Fred, butcher, bds. ss North e East Batz William, lab. Scott & Landers Bauman Joseph, jeweler, es Square nr State, r North nr Main Bavington Albert, trav. agt. r Main sw cor. Independence av. Bavington Elmer, elk. r N. Main n R.R. Bavington Theo. R. baker Ingalls & Co. r N. Main Beane Adams Rev. Cong, minister, r ns Mound av. w Park Beane W. G. attendant Insane Asylum Beardsley Frank, watchmkr. bds. Park house Beastall William H. carp, r ss Indepen- dence av. n Main Beaty R. C. elk. bds. 610 W. College Becker Anthony, blksmth. r College av. sw cor. East Becker A. (Becker, Rottger & Degen) r College av. nr East Becker J. H. baker, r ws East s College Becker Phillip, cabinetmkr. r ss Chambers e East Becker, Rottger & Degen (Anton Becker, John Rottger and Fred. Degen) furniture and undertakeis, ws S. Main nr Square Beckitt Thomas H. miller, r North cor. West Beckman P. lab. V. Reid & Co. brick yard Bedeld Charles, barber, bds. College av. nr East Bedford Charles, carder, r Church n State Bedwell George W. farmer, r Lafayette av. w Bedwell Bedwell J. W. stock dealer, r Lafayette av. w Bedwell Beehan Dennis, lab. r ws Sandy n Anna Beesley Benjamin, r es Caldwell n North Beesley B. F. cash. Jacksonville National Bank and treas. Illinois Hospital for the Insane, r. Caldwell cor. North. Bein Otto, tailor, r Court nr East BELLATTI JOHN A. (Stryker & Bellatti), attorney-at-law and notary public, r. Church cor. Morton av. Belvin Wm. farmer, r es Clayav. s College Bennett Eliza Mrs. r ss E. College av. e Johnson Bennett Lizzie Mrs. r ns Lafayette av. e East Benson Lou, porter, Dunlap house Benson William, wall paper and window shades, house and sign painting, es Main s Square, r Hardin av. s of the brook Bentley Jennie, attendant Insane Asylum Bento John, lab. r Independence av. n C. & A. R.R. Berdan James, lawyer, ns Square nr Main, r State nr Church Bergen B. F. sec. Illinois & Colorado Mining Co. 4 Savings Bank bldg. r 1026 S. Main Berry Ellen, matron D. & D. Asylum Berry James, machinist Morgan Foundry Berry John W. miller Scott & Landers Berry , r Franklin, nw cor. Goltra av. Berryman L. O. dentist, r ns Prairie n Anna Besten John, lab. r Chambers sw cor. East Betlmay Theodore, baker Kastner & Crassly Bettray Theodore, confectioner, r ns Lafay- ette av. e Ea^t Betts Anna Miss, r es S. Main s College Betts Ella A. Miss, elk. r es Main s College Betzer Annie Miss, seamstress, r Peter Bet- zer Betzer Peter, tailor, r ss E. State w East Bickford Asa, farmer, r East se cor. Michi- gan av. Biggs James, lab. r es N. Sandy n R.R. Billings Mary S. supervisor D.and D. Asylum Bishop Nathaniel, r 809 W. College av. Bissell E. S. Mrs. r rear Wests Lafayette av. JACKSONVILLE. 473 Bitzer Peter, tailor, r College av. w East Black Elizabeth, wid. John, r North e Church Black G. V. dentist, ss E. State e East Black S. S. farmer, r Rout e C. & A.R.R. Black W. H. (W. O. Dresbach & Co.) r Clay av. nr Morton av. Blake William, r ss Michigan av. e Clay av. Blanchard Orlando Prof, r ss State e Square Bland James, lab. r es S. Main s Chambers Bland John, lab. r S. Main s Chambers Bland J. W. engineer, r S. Main cor. Frank- lin Bland Mrs. r esS. Main Blue John, porter, r Clay av. s College Bobbitt Emma Miss, elk. bds. es Main s College Bohan Sim, lab. r North nr Sandy Boilan William, plumber, r Lafayette av. nr Brown Bolan William, lab. r N. West n R.R. Bolhman William, barber, r ss E. Morgan e East BOLINGEB R. dealer in Sewing Machines, Plait's new block, sedbr. Square, bds. Southern Hotel. Mr. B. has had five years experience in repairing sewing machines, about three years of this time in Jacksonville. He first opened a shop over the post-office, but, by close attention to business, he soon fjpund his quarters too small, and was obliged to move to a larger store, on the Square ; his business gradual- ly increasing he was again compelled to re- move to his present location. Mr. B. is a thorough mechanic and guarantees his work. In connection with repairing all kinds of sewing machines, he keeps con- stantly on hand a large variety of machines of the various companies, which he sells from ten to fifty dollars less than the com- panies retail them for. Sewing machine attachments and every thing pertaining to this business can be had in this store Bollin Samuel, driver express wagon, r ss Anna w West Bond Emlyn, cook Insane Asylum Booker J. B. ins. agt. r East ne cor. Cham- bers Born Henry, barber, bds. Sharp nr Clay av. Boshen Henry, gardener, r es S. Main s College av. Boston A. farmer, r 830 Grove Bourke W. A. groceries, ss Morgan nr Sandy, r ws West s College av. Bouman Joseph, jeweler, r ns North e East Bowen Joseph, r ws East s College Bowen J. T. broom mnfr. es Sandy n North, r ws N. Main n North Bowen J. W. (Bowen & Coray) r es S. Main s Superior Bown Henry, peddler, r ns Independence av. e Main Boyce Catherine, wid. William, r ns North w Fulton Boyce Henry W. elk. r Washington sw cor. East Boyd Wm. lab. r. es E. Morgan e East Boyer Elizabeth, wid. Decatur, r Mauvais- terre n. North Boyer John, bartender, r Mauvaisterre n North Boyer Wm. cook, r Mauvaisterre n North Brackett A. D. collector, Jack. Nat. Bank, r. College av. cor. Kosciusko Bradbury J. E. saloon, ws. Square nr Main, r ns Court nr West Bradbury Robert A. foreman Journal, r s limits Bradford Lucy, wid. Madison, r Railroad e Howe Bradley E. W. treas. Colorado Mining Co. Bradly Elizabeth, wid. William, r ss Dun- lap e Main Brady George, elk. r Lafayette nr Fayette Brady George W. elk. r ss Dunlap e. Main Brand Philip, machinist, r East s Morton av. Brannon James, lab. r E. College av. nw cor. East Brannon Tarry, prop, tin shop, ss Square, r es S. West s College Branson Wm. furniture and undertaker, es Square nr Morgan, r Morgan se cor. Church Braun Jacob, cabinetmkr. rCald wells W. RR. Braun J. P. elk. r Lafayette av. nr Pine Braun Philip, saloon es Mauvaisterre n Square Brawner John, cook, r ss Lafayette av. e Brown Breen Maurice, carp, r Centre e Illinois av. Brees Mary E. Mrs. seamstress, r ns College opp. J. N.W. & S.W.R.R. Brehm P. A. Mrs. r. 428 S. Main Bremer Herman, porter, Oak Lawn Retreat Brennan James, r College av. nw cor. East Brennan John, lab. r Pine n Lafayette av. Brennan John, tinner, r College av. cor. East 474 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Brennan J. W. (Wainright & Brennan) r College av. e East Brennan Terance (Matheson & Brennan) r 507 West nr Anna Breretcn Hattie, attendant Insane Asylum Bietherick Henry, prof, music, r ns W. State e Westminster Bretherick H. Mrs. teacher vocal and instru- mental music, r ns W. State e West- minster Brevator John, lab. r J. Nelegar's Bridwell H. Mrs. r es West s College av. Bridwell Reuben, painter, r West s College av. Brill Benjamin, mer. tailor ne cor. Square, r St. Louis Broadwell Norman, bkpr. W. H. Broadwell, r ss College av. nr Church Broadwell W. H. farm machinery 230 and 232 S. Main, r s>s College av. nr Church Brock Marquis M. Prof. D. and D. Asylum, r Asylum av. Brockman Samuel C. clerk, r es Hardin av. n Henry Brockter Mary Mrs. r ns Dunlap Broil Edward, mason, r Lincoln av. s Mound av. Bronson, Mathers & Nellis (T. J. Bronson, W. D. Mathers, and G. L. Nellis) saddlery hardware ss Square nr Sandy Bronson Thomas J. (Bronson, Mathers & Nellis) r 450 E. College av. Brooks Edward A. law student, r College cor. Sandy Brooks Geo. farmer, r 716 S. Church Brooks Joseph, teamster, r Pine n W.R.R. Brown A. R. attendant Insane Asylum Brown Benj. lab. r es Church n Grove Brown Burton, carp, r ns Rout e C.& A.R.R. Biown B. F. shoemkr. r 205 E. College av. Brown Charles, mason, r ws Fayette s Anna BROWN C. F. es Square nr Morgan, r West ne CT Chambers, dealer in gro- ceries and provisions, wooden and willow- ware, qutensware, etc. The finest brands of flour for family use, also coffee, sugar, teas, etc., as cheap as can be had anywhere in the city Brown C. G. physician, r S. Main cor. Col- lege av. Brown Daniel, student, r 861 W. State Brown Edward, student r 861 W. State BROWN G. W. PROPRIETOR AND PRINCIPAL JACKSON- VILLE BUSINESS COLLEGE. Mr. Brown has lately associated with him- self Mr. H. B. Chicken, an unexcelled pen- man, and a gentleman of rare attainments. The college will be made thorough in every particular, complete in every depar.ment, and already possesses a standard equal to any in the West. No young man can do better than to patronize this institution. He can enter at any time, stay as long as he wishes, and pay only for what he gets. For a history of the college, see the histor- ical part of this volume. For any infor- mation desired, address the principals Brown Elizabeth, wid. John C. r West cor. Lafayette av. Brown Frank, bartndr. bds. Illinois w North. Brown Geortje, lab. r es Yates n North Brown Henry, second cook Park hotel Brown Jacob P. druggi.-t, r Lafayette av. e Caldwell BROWN JAMES N. States Atty., office Court House, r W. State w West ; was born in Cooper Co., Mo,, May 25th, i852;came to this county in 1861. Studied with Brown & Epler, and was admitted to practice in Jan., 1874; in April '74, he was nominated on the Democratic ticket, for City Atty., and elected. Received the nom- ination as State's Atty., at the general elec- tion, in 1876, and was elected. In connec- tion with this office, Mr. B. does a general law business Brown James W. carp, r Fayette cor. Rich- ards Brown John, farmer, r 861 W. State Brown John, lab. r N. Sandy n R.R. Brown Joseph A. student, r West ne cor. Chambers Brown L. W. pres. 111. Banking and Sav. Assn. r ns State nr Prairie Brown Maggie, ironer Insane Asylum Brown Nancy Mrs r J. B. Wharton's Brown Orlanda, wid. William, r ns Dunlap w. Clay av. Brown Oscar, lab. r es Yates n North BROWN DR. P. L. Physician and Surgeon, office and residence, west side State Street, opp. the Court House, Jack- sonville, 111.; was born in Jackson, Mich- igan, January I, 1842; and married in Jack- sonville, July 15, 1877, to Miss Ettie Gary. JACKSONVILLE. 475 Dr. Brown is a graduate of two of the leading medical schools in the country, viz. Medical Department of the University of Michigan, and Keokuk Medical College, of Iowa; was surgeon in the Union Army.from 1863 until the close of the war. Came to to Illinois in 1866, and located in Butler, Montgomery Co.; removed to Jacksonville in 1875, where he continues the practice of medicine and surgery. He has the finest business location in the city. Drives good horses, and goes day and night Brown Thomas, teamster, r West n North Brown William, lab. r S. Church n Morton av. BROWN W. (Dummer, Brown & Rus- sell) r ns State nr Caldwell Brown W. T. (Barrows & Brown) Browner John, cook Illinois av. w North Browning D. Rees, teller Cent. 111. Banking and Sav. Assn. r ns Lafayette av. nr Cald- well Browning J. O. r es Clay av. s Franklin Browning Marcus E. r Lafayette av. w Cald- well Browning Marcus E. jr. elk. r Lafayette av. w Caldwell Brune H. L. grocer es. Square nr State, r E. North in school house Brunk Thomas, teamster Scott & Landers Bryan George, attendant Insane Asylum Bryan M. A. attendant Insane Asylum Bryant G. lab. r ss E. College av. w Clay av. Bryant H. lab. r 458 Clay av. Bryant Warren, lab. r ws Clay av. s College Buchanan C. A. printer, bds. College cor. Mauvaisterre Buck Charles, barber, r es Sandy e Square Buck Edward D. confectioner, r West s La- fayette av. Buck H. Mrs. laundry es Sandy e Square Buck John, teamster, r es Sandy e Square Buckingham James, carp, r es Hardin av. n Henry Buckingham John W. carp, r ss Morgan nr West Buckingham J. W. (Buckingham & Bro.) r Hardin nr S. Brook Buckingham N. A. (Buckingham & Bro.) r College av. cor. Mauvaisterre BUCKINGHAM & BRO. (James W. and N. A.Buckingham) carpenters and builders, es Mauvaisterre s Square, plans, specifications, and estimates furnished, jobbing and repairing promptly attended to, at reasonable rates; orders solicited. Bucklay John, shoemkr. r College av. cot. East BUCKTHORPE ROBERT, clothing merchant State e Square, r East nr Kentucky. The above named gentle- man has been a resident of Jacksonville over twenty years, and during that time has been engaged as a merchant tailor. Being a superior workman, as the years rolled by his trade rapidly increased, and to-day Mr. Buckthorpe takes a leading po- sition among the merchant tailors of Jack- sonville, owning the building he occupies, and, having no rent to pay, buying the best goods from the leading houses in New York, Boston, and Chicago and Eng- land, styles and prices will compare favor- ably with any similar establishment in Jacksonville, or the West. He was born in London, England, Aug. 1842 ; at the early age of fourteen he was apprenticed to the trade of tailor, serving seven years. In 1858 he accompanied his employer to America and settled in Jackson- ville, where Mr. Cocking, for whom he had worked so many years, opened a tailoring establishment, where Mr. B. worked as a journeyman for many years, in time secur- ing an interest, eventually he became the sole partner. In 1869 he was united in mar- raige to Miss Nancy N. Reynolds, of Pike County. Three children blessed this union, two of whom are living Thomas and Robert Buhre Anton W. shoemkr. ne cor. Square, r College cor. Hardin av. Bull Catherine, matron D. and D. Asylum BUL-LARD E. T. Prof. prin. pres Female Academy Burge Sarah Mrs. r 71 N. Main Burke Thomas (Wynn & Burke) r College cor. West Burke William A. grocer, r S. West s Col- lege av. Burnette Thomas, painter, r ws Goltra av. s Chamber Burns D. S. (Schoonover & Burns) r Franklin cor. Mauvaisterre Burns John, lab. r Sheridan cor. Illinois av. Burns Robert, elk. Burrows Thomas J. attendant Oak Lawn Re- treat 476 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Bursch Oscar O. supt. r Fayettenvv cor. Read Burton Daniel, lab. r es N. Sandy n R.R, Burton Daniel, waiter, r North ne cor. Mau- vaisterre Bush Charles blksmth. bds. E. Keemer's Butemuth William, cigarmkr. bds. Southern hotel Butler Margaret Mrs. seamstress, r College se cor. East Butler Patrick, lab. r Sandy n Anna (~* ADM AN A. W. photographer es ^"* Main s Square. Came to this city in the Spring of 1867, and shortly after es- tablished a gallery on the west side of the Square, remaining here about six years, he removed to his present locality, where he has fitted up one of the most convenient galleries in the city. Mr. C. has an ex- perience of over twenty-six years, which is sufficient guarantee that his Ferreotype photographs, crayons, and water colors can not be excelled Cady Clark S. dentist, ss Square nr S. Main Cady Edward E. dentist, es Square nr S. Main Cady G. B. dentist, r 1006 S. Main Cafky S. cabinet upholsterer ns W. State nr Square, r College av. nr Westminster Cahill Henry P. elk. r ss College nr East Cahill James, lab. r Lafayette av. e East Cahill M. lab. r ss E. College e East Cahoe Ann Mrs. r Hardin av. s College Cahoe Moses, blksmth. r W.R.R. cor. Brown Caldwell E. M. Mrs. teacher, bds. Rev. W. D. R. Trotter's Caldwell Joseph W. r Caldwell sw cor. La- fayette av. Caldwell William L. r Caldwell sw cor. La- fayette av. Callen Emily, wid. George, r es East n Dun- lap Callis Ann E. Miss, r Robert Buckthorpe's Gallon William P. (Epler & Gallon) r Oak ne cor. N. Main Galloway M. Mrs. attendant Insane Asylum Campbell A. E. Mrs. dressmaking 2 Plait's blk. se cor. Square Campbell George, carp, r ns Clay av. n Michi- gan Campbell Mary A. Mrs. r ws S. Main n Cham- bers Cannon Charles E. butcher, r East s Portland av. Cannon John, merchant, r East s Morton av. Cannon J. (J. & T. Cannon) r College cor. Clay av. CANNON J. & T. butchers, ns State e. Square. As far back as 1857 the senior member of this firm transacted business in Jacksonville, but the present existing partnership was formed in 1875. This is one of the leading firms, in their line, in Jacksonville, having had many years of ex- perience in the selection of meats, the housekeepers can not go elsewhere and do better than at Messrs. J. & T. Cannon's, where they will be well pleased by the courtesy of the proprietors and the low prices. A few words in reference to the members of the firm : they were born in Yorkshire, England, in 1828, where the head of the family transacted business as a butcher, and from whom, in after years, the boys learned the -ame calling. In 1832 the family emigrated to America and first settled at Lockport, N. Y., subsequently re- moved to Niagara Falls. In 1848, at the age of twenty years, John married Miss Mahala A. Nichols. Twelve children blessed this union, nine of whom are living. The junior member was born in 1832 ; at twenty-one I e married Ellen O'Connel, daughter of John O'Connel. Eleven chil- dren blessed this union, ten of whom are living. Cannon Thoma* (J. & T. Cannonjr. esGoltra av. cor. Franklin Cannon Thomas, butcher, r College cor. Clay av. Capps Charles C. bkpr. Cent. 111. Banking and Saving Association, r w s Church nr T. W. & W.R.R. . Capps Joseph L. bkpr. J. Capps & Sons, r Church n W. R.R. Capps J. & Sons (Stephen R. and William E. Capps) woolen mill, Church cor. Lafayette av. Capps Sarah, wid. Joseph, r Church s La- fayette av. Capps Stephen R. (J. Capps & Sons) r Church n North Capps William E. (J. Capps & Sons) r West- minster 2d door s College av. Carlin W. J. teacher, r ns Lafayette av. e East Carlson John A. shoemaker, r al i,bet. Mor- gan and College av. JACKSONVILLE. 477 Carlston Peter, gardener, r Sandusky s W. R.R. Carpenter C. M. clerk, r 502 Lurton Carr John, clerk Metropolitan hotel Carr Mary Mrs. r Lafayette av. e Sherman Carriel H. F. Dr. supt. Insane Asylum Carrigan John, teamster, r Morton av. nw cor. East Carroll John, cook, r ws N. Main cor. Dun- lap Carroll John, engineer, bds. Metropolitan hotel Carroll M. H. restaurant, ws Square nr Court, r same Carroll Peter, saloon, E. State nr Square Carroll Wm. r ws East s College Carroll Wm. jr. saloon and club room, es N. Sandy nr Square, r es Clay av. nr Third Ward School Carson Clinton, bricklayer, r Mrs. C. A.Car- son's Carson C. A. Mrs. r es Lurton s College Carson John, bricklayer, r ns North e East Carson John, stonecutter, r ns North e East Carson Wm. laborer, r Mrs. C. A. Carson's Carson Winfield, bricklayer, r ns North e East Carter Austin, laborer, r ss Anna w West Carter Chauncey, farmer, r Lafayette av. nw cor. Groghan Carter Eliza Mrs. r College cor. Prairie Carter George, farmer, r Diamond, se cor. Grove Carter John, drugs and hardware, ws Square cor. State, r State nr Westminster Carter William, laborer, r N. Sandy n R. R. Carter William C. carpenter, r Fayette se cor. North Carver J. C. (Gambell & Carver) r 709 W. College Case Warren, bookkeeper T. D. Price & Co. r College cor. Mauvaisterre. Cashin Michael, laborer, r es Vorhees n In- dependence av. Cassel Jacob, tailor, r ws East s College Cassell Benjamin P. cigarmaker, r Diamond n Lafayette av. Cassell E. L. elk. P.O. r ws West n Morton av. Cassel Henry, clerk Kentucky house Cassell Henry M. carp. W. North e West Cassell H. O. (R. C. Johnson & Co.) and lawyer, ns Square nr Sandy, r Kosciusco cor. Grove Cassell Jane Mrs. r es S. Main s P.O. R Cassell J. T. Mrs. Dr. r ns W. State e Church Cassell Robert, r es S. Main n Bissell Cassell Walker, clerk, r West nr Anna Castors James, plasterer, r W.R.R. w Dia- mond Catlin Charles, bookkeeper Catlin & Co. r ss State nr Fayette Catlin C. A. ins. agent, ns W. State I Ayers block, r Morgan cor. West Catlin C. H. (Catlin & Co.) r ss State nr Fay- etle Catlin Joel, r W. Morgan w West Catlin Margaret E. Miss, r ss State nr Fay- ette CATLIN & CO. (C. H. Catlin and ,) books and stationery, ss Square, 3 Opera House block. This firm was estab- lished in 1850, and is the oldest as well as largest book house in Central Illinois. They have been in their present locality during the past 12 years. This firm deals only in the choicest literature of the stand- ard authors, and make a specialty of keep- ing all grades of fine stationery. In con- nection with the above this firm has a large assortment of music, musical instruments, window shades, gold pens, pocketbooks, pictures, frames, mouldings, blank books, albums, etc., and all the latest styles in box papers, which they keep constantly on hand Catherwood R. H. shoemaker, es N. Sandy nr Square, r ns North nr East CENTRAL ILLINOIS BANK- ING AND SAVINGS ASSO- CIATION, ws Square cor. State. This bank was organized in January, 1867, as successors to W. & E. Brown, and during the ten years of its existence has won a deserved popularity among our business men. This institution has proved to be of great benefit to the mechanics and others whose savings are small, and as its name indicates, does both a general banking business as well a savings department. W. Brown is president, H. C. Wiswall vice- president, and W. E. Veitch cashier. Mr. V. has been connected with this bank since its organization; as paying-teller till July, 1874, when he succeeded L. M. Adams, who was then cashier. The directors, A. C. Wadsworth, H. C. Wiswall, W. Brown, S. R. Capps, L. W. Brown, Johnson Hatch, V. S. Richardson, J. Cox and W. B. Smith 478 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Chadwick Charles Mrs. r es Fayette s La- fayette av. Chadwick James, molder Morgan Foundry Challens Mary, waiter D. and D. Asylum. CHAMBERLAIN TIMOTHY, r College av. cor. West, was born in Salem, Mass., Dec. n, 1812, removed to New York city in 1827, to Freder- icksburg, Va., in 1830, and to Morgan county, 111., May I4th, 1832 ; has resided near and in Jacksonville since that time. He was united in marriage in Mon- ticello Seminary, Feb. 3, 1839, to Miss Amanda T. Buckley, who departed this life March 23, 1877. Of their children five yet live, four daughters and one son. Mr. Chamberlin is at present secretary of the Old Settlers Association of Morgan and Cass Counties Chambers Geo. M. retired, r ss W. State e Westminster Chambers John I. lumber, N. Main ne cor. Lafayette av. r Lafayette ay. cor. Sandusky Chambers L. W. (Chambers & Bro.) r ss State nr Prairie av. Chambers R. R. (Chambers & Bro.) r ns W. College av. nr Prairie Chambers Wm. lab. r ss E. College av. e East Chambers & Bro. (R. R. and L. W. Cham- bers) groceries, provisions and queensware, ns Square nr Mauvaisterre Chapin Horace, real est. agt. r ws N. Main s Chapin Chapin Q. H. elk P.O. r ws Prairie n Anna Chapman Charles, supervisor D. and D. Asy- lum Chapman M. Mrs. r ss Anna w West Chatman , barber, r ns Rout e Hardin av. Chesney B. E. (C. F. Wyman & Co.) Chesney S. P. bkpr. r ws Main s College Cherry John, teamster, r ns E. College e East Chicken Henry B. instructor in business and ornamental penmanship, State cor. Clay av. Cincere Anthony, carp, r ws N. Main n R.R. Clampit Wm. farmer, r ss E. State wC.&A. R.R. Clancy Jeremiah, carp, r ws N. Main n R.R. Clancy M. teamster, r es Clay av. s College Clark Cella Mrs. cook Kentucky house Clark Charles, teamster, r es East n North Clark Clara Miss, dressmkr. bds. Kentucky house Clark Clay, lab. r es N. Sandy n R.R. Clark Edward, lab. r ws N. Main n R.R. CLARK GEO. W. artist and photo- grapher, Studio, West State, opposite the Court house, r ns Court w of West. Mr. Clark is a native of Ohio. He begun the practice of his chosen profession in his native town, Elyra, when sixteen years of age. He went from there to the City of New York, where he studied in the best galleries of that city, and perfected himself in the profession. He came to Jackson- ville nine years ago, where he was first em- ployed as an India Ink Artist by Catlin & Williams, with whom he remained two years. He tiien went to Lockport, N.Y., where he remained five years. At the end of that time, he returned to Jacksonville, and for two years devoted himself exclu- sively to Crayon Portraiture, becoming one of the finest artists in this branch in the West. He did crayon work for photographers and artists in Chicago, Lockport, New York City, Rochester, and Boston. In the Spring of 1878, he opened his present studio to fill a demand for first-class photographic work. His studio is unsurpassed in ap- pointments and style of work. Every part is on the first ground floor, easy of access, and is in a. prominent place in the city. The pictures made here are un- equaled in point of finish and artistic ex- cellency, and are equal to the finest made in the best studios in the largest cities Clark John, lab. r West s Grove Clark John F. elk. r ns Court w West Clark Jennie Miss, seamstress 111. Inst. Blind Clark John F. dep. circuit elk. r Court nr West Clark Julia Mrs. r Anna w West Clark William, weaver, r W. R.R. e Brown Clarke H. bookbinder, r ns College av. w Hardin av. Clarke John, lab. r West n R.R. Clarke Reuben (Clarke & Driffield) r ws Yates n North CLARKE & DRIFFIELD (R. Clarke and T. N. Driffield) grocers, north side Square, next to Jacksonville National Bank. They keep a full stock of staple and fancy groceries; a full line of canned goods; queensware, wooden and willowware. The JACKSONVILLE. 470 best brands of flour. Also a fine line of tobacco and cigars ; and in fact every thing that is usually kept in a first class grocery store CLAY H. L. (T. D. Price & Co.) and editor Illinois Courier, r College av. e Hardin av. Was born in Lexington, Ky., June 18, 1834. In 1838 his parents re- moved to St. Louis ; after remaining here till 1847, they went to Jefferson City, Mo., and again moved to Springfield, 111. in 1852, where Mr. C. was employed in the State Register's office ; in 1854 he went to Peters- burg, where he established the Menard Index, a weekly paper. In 1860 he sold out and went to Carrolltorn where he formed a co-partnership with G. B. Price, the firm style being Price & Clay, publishers of the Carrollton Gazette ; still retaining his con- nection with the Gazette, he served as chief clerk of the Provost Marshal's office in Jacksonville from 1863 till 1867 ; he then returned to Carrollton and engaged in the lumber business till the Fall of 1869. In May, 1876, he came a second time to Jack- sonville, and, in connection with T. D. Price, M. N. Price and G. E. Doying, purchased the Illinois Sentinel and Jack- sonville Enterprise, uniting the two as the Illinois Courier. Mr. C. was among the earliest and most active advocates in secur- ing what is now the west div. of the C. & A.R.R. He was also incorporator from 1866 to 1874, of three other railroad enter- prises ; making his newspaper connection effective in these as well as other matters of public moment Clay James, cook, r ws Square nr Court Clay Maud, hair dresser, ss State e Square Clement Irving, tinni,ng, roofing, etc. W. State nr West, r n Prairie cor Duncan Clendenon L. K. (Clendenon & Nichols) CLENDENON & NICHOLS (L. K. Clendenon and S. W. Nichols) proprs. City Photograph Gallery, es Square nr State. These gentlemen succeed E. F. Hartley, formerly opposite the Court House, and have all the negatives taken by him. Mr. C. is an artist of rare ability, combining most excellent taste and skill with many years experience, he seldom fails to give satisfaction. This firm makes a specialty of life size portraits in India ink, crayon, and oil ; employing a competent corps of experienced artists, they guarantee satisfac- tion in every branch of their business Coates Amos, blacksmith, r College cor. Sandy Cobb Edward, lab. bds. James Happy Cobb Hugh, carp, r ws Clay av. n Brook Cobbs Harry, blacksmith, r Clay av. nr Col- lege Cobbs J. R. dentist, r ns E. State COBBS WILLIAM A. boot and shoe maker, ns E. State nr Square, r State nr Clay av. Was born in Harrison Co., Ky., Oct. 18, 1818 ; came to this county in 1839, where he has since resided. He opened a shoe store on the south side of the Square in 1840, and continued doing business in that locality five years ; receiving a good offer for his store, he sold out and removed to the present locality, where he has since continued, and by fair dealing with his customers he has built up a good trade Cocking Henry, r North w West Coe M. P. Mrs. dressmaker, r ns E. State Coffey Darby, lab. r ns Wolcott e Clay av. Coffman George, teamster Palmer & Sturte- vant Cogdal Abraham, engineer, r P.P.& J. RF. cor. Wabash av. Coggswell Carrie, elk. bds. Sandy nr College Cohan Michael, cigarmkr. bds. N. Main nr North Cole David, blacksmith, r W. Morgan cor West Coleman I. C. carp. S. Main n Morton av. Coleman Randall, porter Sanitarium Collector of Taxes, I. Dunlap, ex-officio col- lector, Court House Collier Morgan, lab. r Clay av. nw cor. Dun lap Collins Benjamin, lab. r n end Church Collins James, teamster, bds. Kentucky house Collins Morris Mrs. r 815 W. State Collins Patrick, tailor, r N. Main nr Square COMMERCIAL HOTEL, James McNamara propr. ws Sandy n Square Compton Peter S. painter, r Prairie ne cor. Duncan Compton W. H. painter, r Reed cor. Prairie Coney Thos. lab. r ss Mound av. w Lincoln av. Conlon Paul (Conlon & Co.) r Lafayette av. eC.& A.R.R. Conlon & Co. (Paul Conlon and James Gor- man) brick yard, east end railroad Connell Charles, r Church sw cor. North Connell Harry, r Church sw cor. North 480 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Connell , Mrs. r Church sw cor North Connelly Peter, picture agt. bds Mauvaisterre cor. Madison Conner M. engineer, bds. Mrs. C. Davis' Connor William, farmer, r N. West n. R.R. Cook E. W. printer, bds. College cor. Mau- vaisterre Cook George, lab. Insane Asylum Cook James, saddler, r es East n Franklin Cook James A. carp, r East s Morton av. Cooley Joseph, lab. r ws Prospect s State Cooney Nicholas, lab. r West n North Cooper Mary, usher Insane Asylum Cooper P. C. Rev. pastor M. E. church (African) r es Clay av. n Brook Cooper Thomas, teamster, ^ r es East n North Coray S. G. (Bowen & Coray) r ns East n Morton av. Corcoran Edward, grocer, boards Thos. Corcoran's Corcoran Thomas J. dep. sheriff, r Hardin ne cor. College av. Corcoran W. H. grocer, r 604 Fayette Corcoran W. H. elk. r ws Church nr Anna Core Asbury B. carp, r es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Core John B. carp, r ns Lafayette av. e East Corea Toney, carriage painter, r ns College av. nr Clay av. Coria Emanuel, painter, r 334 E. College Corington Joel, r ss Washington w East Cornell E. Mrs. r ss E. College av. w Clay av. Cornell Julia Miss, milliner, bds. Mr. E. Cornell's Corney , tailor, r ws Church s Lafay- ette av. Correa John, clerk J. N. Jouett Correrer Anthony, bricklayr. r Lafayette av. w Diamond Corria Emanuel, shoemkr. r es Vorhees n Independence av. Corria Joseph P. teamster, r Pine n W.R.R. Corrigan Con. r ss College nr West Corrington John W. grocer ns W. State nr Square, r country Corwin Eli Rev. D.D., pastor Cong, church, r cor. Morgan and Kosciusko Cosgriff Martin, lab. r Pine s W.R.R. Cosgrove Edward, clerk M. H. Walsh Costrill John, lab. r S. Main se cor. College Couchman E. A. Mrs. r es Lurton s College Coulter Wilson, com. trav. bds. Rev. W. D. R. Trotter's County Clerk's Office, B. R. Upham, Clerk, Court House County Judge, Edward P. Kirby, Court House County Superintendent of Schools, Henry Higgins, Supt. Court House County Treasurer's Office, W. H. Wright, Treasurer, Court House Cousines George, miller, r 429 N. Sandy Cousins Richard, engineer, bds. ws N. Main n R.R. Coverly Wm. farmer, r Lincoln av. nr city limits Cox Albert W. clerk J. H. Meyer, r North nw cor. Brown Cox A. W. (Davenport & Cox) r country Cox James, plasterer, r es Clay av. s Brook COX JAMES E. Deputy Recorder, Court House, r ss North e East. Was born July 24, 1846, in Boone County, Mo. Came to this county in 1870, and went to farming; spending about a year on the farm, he went to Waverly and engaged in mercantile pursuits; in 1876 he came to Jacksonville and was appointed to his present position; was married in 1871 to Miss Mary E. Haisley; had one child, Mattie E., who died Nov. 10, 1876 Cox Jeremiah (Palmer & Cox) r country Cox Margaret, wid. Jeremiah, r North nw cor. Brown Cowdin Charies, r Fayette nw cor. Duncan Cowdin Mary Mrs. r Fayette nwcor. Duncan Crabtree J. W. (Woods, Simmons & Co.) r ss E. State w State Craig Charles W. clerk, r Lafayette av. cor. Pine Craig L. D. dairyman, r es Hardin av. n Superior Craig William, cattle buyer, r ns North w Fulton Crampton R. C. Prof, acting pres. Illinois College, r Lockwood place Crane H. H. sec. boss, r North ne cor. Yates Craven Carrie Miss, clerk, r ws Clay av. nr Morton av. Craven Eleanor Mrs. r ws S. Main s College av. Craven James, lab. r ws Clay av. s Morton av. Crawford Eli, carp, r es N. Main s Walnut Crawford Julius, lab. bds. es N. Main s Wal- nut JACKSONVILLE. 481 CKAWLEY WILLIAM A. lawyer 8 Gallaher's blk. bds. Park house Creaar Joseph, lab. r Diamond n W.R.R. Creamor John G. r Vorhees n Independence av. Crooks S. Mrs. r Dr. C. Henry's Crosby Thomas, miller, bds. Commercial hotel Crow James, lab. r 831 East Cruise Wm. lab. r wsGoltra av. n Morton av. Crull Elizabeth Mrs. dressmkr. r East se cor. College Crull Mary Miss, dressmkr. r Mrs. E. Crull Cruse James, painter, r ns North e East Cruse James, harnessmkr. r Clay av. cor. Franklin Cuddy Mary, nurse Sanitarium Cullen Edward, porter, r Fayette w woolen mills Cully N. r es S. Main n Bissell Gulp C. H. stockdealer, r ss North e Brown Cummings Ruth A. Mrs. dressmkr. r ns E. College av. e East Cunningham A. T. saddler, r Lurton s Col- lege Cunningham James, fireman, D. and D. Asy- lum Cunningham Patrick, lab. Insane Asylum Curtis Bessie, wid. William, r Lafayette av. w Fayette Curtis Herman, peddler, r ws Brown n North Curtis Thomas, elk. r ns North w East p\ABNEY WM. cook, r Chambers e Clay av. Daley James, lab. r ws Church n Morton av. Daley John, lab. r Caldwell n W.R.R. Dalton James, grocer, Church cor. Grove Dalton Martha Mrs. r 512 S. West Dalton Wm. elk. r James Dalton Daly John, r ws Prairie n State Danaber James, lab. r Center e Illinois av. Dandel William, mason, r ns Jordan e Fay- ette Daniels B. elk. r N. Main n R.R. track Daniels Harriet Mrs. r es Anna w West DANIELS SAMUEL, ws Square, was born in Jacksonville, Dec. 17, 1835, is a son of Verin Daniels, one of the earliest settlers of this county. Samuel was en- gaged in farming until twenty-two years of age, when he went to Chapin, opening the first grocery store in that place. He con- tinued in that business but a short time, when he turned his attention to railroad contracting, which he followed for three years, after which he was Deputy Sheriff for four years, since which time he has been engaged in different occupations Daniels Buker, clerk, r ws N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Daniely Catharine, waiter Insane Asylum Danwonner M. r ws Church s Grove Davenport Bazzill, r ss E. State e East Davenport Braxton, r 301 S. Mauvaisterre Davenport L. M. (Davenport & Cox) r Church cor. Court Davenport & Cox (L. M. Davenport and A. W. Cox) cigars and tobacco, and liquors, ws Square cor. Court Davidson Ephraim, butcher, r ws Prairie s Lafayette av. Davis Andrew, lab. r ss Anna w West Davis Catharine Mrs. boarding house, Mor- gan nw cor. East Davis Frank, elk. r State cor. East Davis Fred, teamster, r ns Grove w West Davis Jacob, lab. r ns Richard w S. Main Davis Mary Mrs. r ns Grove w West Davis Sarah Mrs. r es East s Superior av. Davison John, blacksmith, r es N. Main n Independence av. Daub John, farmer, r ns Oak e Main Dawson Charles, lab. r Bedwell n Lafayette av. Dawson Clarence L. elk. bds. 904 S. Main Dawson Edward L. blacksmith, r ws East n Franklin Dawson G. M. lab. bds. L. Sandford's Dawson John, blacksmith, r Bedwell n La- fayette av. Dawson J. S. carp, r ws East s College Dawson Robert, lab. r Bedwell n Lafayette av. Dawson Samuel, carp, r East nr the brook Day G. W. printer, bds. College cor. Mau- vaisterre Day John, wagonmkr. r es Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Day Josiah, agt. r ws Kosciusko s Grove Dayton Frank Mrs. w College av. opp Park Dayton Frank L. bookkeeper, r ns College ab Prospect Dayton O. E. (Dayton & Russell) r W. State nr Kosciusko Dayton & Russell (O. E. Dayton and C. H. Russell) watches and jewelry, ws Square nr Morgan 482 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Dean Melville C. engineer Oak Lawn Re- treat Dear Edward, lightning rod agt. r es Cald- well n North 1>EATON AUGUSTUS, lawyer, office Court house, r W. State e Westminster, was born Jan. 19, 1856, in Morgan Co. three miles northwest of the city ; in the Fall of 1874 he came to the city and studied law with J. N. Brown, was admitted to practice Jan. 1, 1878 ; does a general claim and collection business in connection with his profession DeCastro Domingos, shoemkr. r ss College av. e East DeCastro Joaquim, plasterer, r Diamond n W.R.R. DeCastro John, lab. r Freedman w Diamond DeFrales Albert, teamster, r Sandusky s W. R.R. DeFrates Anthony, r North w West DeFrates Antonio, lab. r Diamond n Freed- man DeFrates Antonio, r Sandusky s W.R.R. 1 )eFrates Augustine, gardener, r Indepen- dence av. DeFrates Emanuel, lab. r Diamond s Freed- man DeFrates Emanuel, lab. r Illinois av. s Inde- pendence av. DeFrates Jacob, lab. r Pine n W.R.R. DeFrates John, lab, r Diamond n Freedman DeFrates Joseph, lab. r Lafayette av. w Dia- mond DeFrates Joseph, lab. r Myrtle av. n Inde- pendence av. DeFrates Joseph, painter, r State e Square DeFrates Phillip, painter, r Caldwell s W. R.R. DeFrates Sebastian, teamster, r Lafayette av. w Diamond DeGastrew Thero, shoemkr. r 316 E. College av. Degen Charles, elk. r ns College av. nr East Degen Fred. (Becker, Rottger & Degen) r ns College av. nr East Deiss T. L. printer Journal, r E. State Delaney John, farm overseer Oak Lawn Re- treat Delaney John, waiter, r ws Square nr Court Delanyjoseph, barkpr. r Sandy nr R.R. track Delaney William, lab. r es N. Sandy n R.R. DELEUW OSCAR A. lawyer 4 Gal- laher's blk. r Morton av. cor. Main Demarest Martha Mrs. r es Franklin opp Public School Dennenberg Anna, attendant Insane Asylum Derrico Henry, hostler, r W.R.R. e Pine DeSilva Charles, r Lafayette av. w Diamond ' DeSilva Emanuel, lab. r Diamond s Freed- man DeSilva Frank, lab. r Diamond s Freedman DeSilva Joseph, tinsmith, r Lafayette av. w Diamond Devine David J. (Murphy, Miller & Devine) bds. Southern hotel Devine Lawrence, plumber, r Independence av. n P.P.& J.R.R. Devine Patrick, foreman shoe shop D. and D. Asylum Devine Patrick H. farmer, r Independence av. n P.P.& J.R.R. Devlin Charles, painter, r ns Wolcott e Clay av. Devlin John, printer r East ne cor. Dunlap Devlin Matthew, sr. drayman, r Sheridan e Illinois av. Devlin Matthew, boilermkr. r Sheridan e Illinois av. DEVORE J. H. whose portrait appears in this work, is Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners, was born June 24, 1829, in Fayette County, Ky. He came to this county with his parents in 1831, who located within about six miles south of Jacksonville, near his present farm, (in tp. 14, r. 10, sec. 22,) which he purchased in 1850; in 1851 he commenced farming and feeding as well as raising stock.which busi- ness he is [still engaged in. Mr. D. was nominated for the office of County Com- missioner, and elected, in 1873; this was the first election under the new constitu- tion; his term expiring in 1875, he was re- elected. During his entire term of office, he has held the chairmanship of the board. Was married May 27,1851, to Miss Cather- ine J. VanWinkle, who was born in Wayne County, Ky.; the family consists of three boys, William T., James H., and Robert L,, and four girls, Sarah E., Mary J., Annie R., and Lucy M. Dew John, teamster, r ws East s Morgan av. Dewees M. J. Mrs. r ns W. State e Church Debbitt Ella Mrs. bds. es East s North Dice George, waiter, r ws Square nr Court Dick Valentine, attendant Insane Asylum JACKSONVILLE. 483 DICKENS J. H. REV. Retired minister, residence nw cor. Clay av. and Superior av. Mr. D. was born in Clarks- ville, Tenn., in 1810. At the age of nine- teen, he married, and the next year 1830 came to Illinois. He was trained under the code of General Jackson. Had only a common school education, and with few opportunities has made his way in the world. He served in the Black Hawk war, in 1831, and passed through many of the rigors of that campaign. In 1831, he professed religion, and in 1833, was appoint- ed to the pastorate of the Jacksonville M. E. church. The town was then small, and during Mr. Dickens' pastorate, passed through the scourge of the cholera. He has always been a firm abstainer, strong tem- perence advocate, and though offered intox- icating drinks, and familiar with them from his infancy, has always firmly opposed them, and by word and deed, upheld the cause of temperance and reform. Raised in a slave State, he imbibed pro-slavery views, but on coming to Illinois, not long after changed his opinions, and by 1838, was a strong abolitionist, of the old style. In 1844, he was made agent for the Mc- Kendree College, at Lebanon, which institution he cleared of a heavy debt, and placed it in a good financial basis. Think- ing much of the needs for the education of women, and feeling a lack of such advan- tages, he presented a plan to the Confer- ence of his church, the result of which was the establishment of the present Female College, in Jacksonville, so well known, and of so great influence. He has labored all his life for the good of Church and State, and now, in his 68th year, sees the fruit of his toil. Mr. and Mrs. Dickens have five children, all raised to maturity, married and settled. The three boys all served in the late war, the health of their father forbidding his taking any part therein. His strength is yet good, and like the past, is used for his God, his country, and humanity Dickinson Horace, dry goods, r Court nw cor. Fayette Doan F. M. (Palmer & Doan) r N. Diamond Dobyns John B, sr. (Dobyns & Co.) r ns W. State nr Pine Dobyns John B. jr. clerk, r ss State e Clay Dobyns Thomas P. (Dobyns & Co.) r ss East e Clay av. Dobyns & Co. ( John P. sr. and Thomas P. Dobyns) boots and shoes es Square nr Court Dod George J. lawyer 7 Gallaher's block, r nr S. Diamond nr Grove Dod J. M. (Welch & Dod) r 823 Grove Dodsworth Stephen, r East sw cor. Kentucky Dodsworth S. Mrs.r 835 East Dodsworth Wm. farmer, r 835 East Dommermouth Charles, r 1004 N. Main Donohue Patrick, lab. r W.R.R. w Pine Donovan Jesse, carp, r Goltra n Morton av. Donovan Patrick, lab. r ns Anna w West Donovan William, lab. r Centre cor. Illinois Dooley Owen, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Dooley P. lab. r Mauvaisterre cor. Franklin Dooling P. lab. r Fayette n Richards Dooling Thomas, lab. Insane Asylum Dorwood Edward, butcher, r N. Diamond n Walnut Dorwart Frederick, carp, r Lafayette av. e Pine Dorwart Martin, carp, r Lafayette av. e Pine Doty Benjamin, blksmth. r Court cor. West Doty D. C; tailor ws Square nr State, r Court cor. West Doty E. r ss Michigan av. sw cor. Clay av. Doty Wm. carp, r ss Michigan av. e East Dougherty J. A. physician and surgeon se cor. Square, r Hardin av. ne cor. College Dovlin Philip, lab. r Reid & Go's brick yard Dowd Charles, brkiayr. r Lafayette av. w Bedwell Dowd Ignatius, brkiayr. r Lafayette av. w Bedwell Dowsling John, blksmth. r W. College w West Doying George E. (T. D. Price & Co.) r Col- lege cor. Mauvaisterre Doyle Edward, drayman^ r Pine n Lafayette av. Doyle John P. carp, r ns Lafayette av. e East Draper Charles, lawyer, r 305 College Draper Charles L. clerk Abstract Office, r West cor. College Dresbach T. E. clerk, r East s College Dresbach W. O. (W. O. Dresbach & Co.) r Vandalia av. cor. Main DRESBACH W. O. & CO. (W.O. Dresbach and W. H. Black) dealers in clothing, gents' furnishing goods, hats, caps, etc., north side Public Square. Mr. Dres- 484 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. bach, the head of this firm, is a son of the Rev. Simon Dresbach, of Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, where he was born, July 24, 1842. He came to Jacksonville in 1864, and engaged in the above named business in the same store they now occupy. He is a wide-awake business man, and to this fact we can attribute his success in the clothing business. Mr. Black, his partner, was born in Hopkinsville, Christain Co. Kentucky, April 6, 1833, and came to Morgan County two years later, and has until about a year ago, devoted his time to farming, when he connected himself with Mr. D. in the clothing line Dressier Carl, tailor, bds. College av. cor. West Dressier Frantz, tailor, bds. College av. cor. West Driffield Thomas M. (Clarke & Driffield) r Court w Diamond Driscoll Cornelius, lab. r N. Sandy n R.R. Drummons Lizzie Miss, r Lafayette av. n Sandy Ducket Lizzie, attendant Insane Asylum Duckett Caleb, farmer, r ws Goltra av. s Chambers Duckworth M. E. Mrs. dressmkr. r ws Church s Grove Duffy P. J. painter, r ss Wolcott e Clay av. Dugan William, lab. r Short n Walnut Dugger Richard, clerk, r 427 S. Mauvaisterre Duke Jacob, lab. r ss Anna e Church DUMMER, BROWN & RUS- SELL (H. E. Dummer, W. Brown, R. D. Russell) lawyers ss State w West Dummer C. H. law student, r ss College av. 2 w Prairie Dummer Frank, law student, r ss College av. 2 w Prairie DUMMER HENRY E. (Dummer, Brown & Russell) r ss College av. 2 w Prairie Dummer W. F. law student, r ss College av. w Prairie Dunavan George, bridgebldr. r East nw cor. Dunlap Dunavan Samuel, boarding house ws N. Main n R.R. Dunbrack C. H. bkpr. Central Illinois Loan Agency, r ws Sandy nr Square Duncan E. dentist ss Square nr Sandy, r North nr East Duncan Jordan, lab. r ws Fayette s Richards Dunlap C. clerk W. A. Alcott, r ns College av. e Westminster DUNLAP HOUSE, W. State, W. F. Dunlap, proprietor, rates $2 and $2.50 per day; one hundred first-class rooms. Sample rooms on first floor for the accommodation of commercial men. Street cars pass the door from all the depots DUNLAP IRVIN, sheriff of Morgan County, and ex-officio collector of taxes, office Court House, r Main cor. College av. Was born March 12, 1835, in Champaign County, Ohio. Came to this city in 1840, was elected sheriff of this county in 1874; receiving the nomination a second time, he was re-elected in 1876; was also elected alderman from the first ward for two terms, 1869 and 1870 Dunlap James Col. r Dunlap house Dunlap Jeptha, retired, r Lafayette e San- dusky Dunlap M. F. bookkeeper First Nat. Bank, r College av. cor. Main Dunlap S. Mrs. r ns W. College av. e West- minster DUNLAP W. F. proprietor Dunlap house Dunwell Elizabeth, wid. Squire, r Prairie n Lafayette av. Durfee E. H. (R. D. Durfee & Son) bds. State nw cor. Pine Durfee R. D. (R. D. Durfee & Son) r State nw cor. Pine Durfee R. D. & Son (R. D. and E. H. Dur- fee) dry goods, es Square nr W. State Dutch E. J. bookkeeper, r ss W. College av. e Stevenson Dutch Mary A. Miss, teacher D. and D. Asy- lum, bds. Mrs. A. McElroy's T7ADS THOMAS, r es Clay av. n Mor- -* ' ton av. Eames C. M. (Simmons & Eames) r State cor. Prairie Eames T. D. retired, r ns W. State e Prairie Earley Frank, laborer, r es Goltra av. s Chambers Early Jane, cook D. and D. Asylum Easter John D. Rev. pastor Episcopal church, r ws Lincoln av. s Mound av. Eastman Samuel, chief engineer D. and D. Asylum Eberhardt George, baggagemaster Wabash depot, r Sandy n North JACKSONVILLE. 485 Ebey L. C. r Court ne cor. East Eckels Louis, clerk, r S. East nr Insane Asy- lum Eden Levina, teacher D. and D. Asylum Edgeirton Belle, attendant Insane Asylum Ehni John, carpenter, r ss E. College e East Eiler John, grocer, r ws N. Main n Dunlap Eilerts John, grocer, N. Main cor. Dunlap, r N. Main n Dunlap Eldridge A. D. agt. Hunt, Partridge & Co. notions, W. State nr West, r N. Diamond n North Eldridge Bertie, elk. r N. Diamond n North Eldridge L. R. elk. bds. ws Diamond n North Eldridge Wm. B. miller, r es S. Main s P.O. Ellicock Eliza M. Miss, elk. r S. Main s Col- lege Ellicock S. clerk, r E. College e East Ellicock W. auctioneer, ns Square nr Main, r S. Main s College Elliott Charles, candy stand, r ns North w East Elliott Charles, bus driver, r ss E. Morgan w Clay av. Elliott E. R. (Hockenhull, King & Elliott) r College av. cor. Church Elliott Frank, clerk, r State nr Prospect Elliott Hattie Miss, dressmaker, r ns North w East Elliott'J. W. teller Hockenhull, King & El- liott, r College av. cor. Church Elliott Martha Mrs. r ns Grove w West Elliott Mollie Mrs. r es N. Sandy n R.R. Elliott Oliver, carpenter, bds. Thos. Eaves'. Elliott Robert, laborer, r 513 S. West Elliott R. P. ex. messenger, r ss Rout e C & A. R.R. Elliott W. S. carpenter, bds. Thos. Eaves' Ellis Mattie, seamstress Insane Asylum. Ellis Stephen, engineer, r Lafayette av. w Fayette Ellrich Frank, cigarmaker, bds. College av. nr East Elmer Z. L. millwright, r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Embree Ellen Mrs. r ss Anna w West Embree Thos. peddler, r ws Fayette s Anna Emerich Albert, baker, r College av. nr Gray av. Emmis H. carp, r ws Goltra av. s Chambers Engel Henry (Leurig & Engel) r East cor. North Engel Philip, clerk, r ns Square nr Main Engel William, baker, r East cor. North England Benjamin, carder, r Fayette n La- fayette av. i English D. W. Rev. pastor Centennary M. E. church, r 328 E. State English Nathaniel, physician, r ns Court e State Ennis H. M. farmer, r ws S. Main n Cham- bers Ensminger J. grain dealer, r 913 W. College av. Ensminger T. K. bkpr. r 913 W. College av. Entwistle Alfred, warper, r Lafayette av. w Prairie Epler Cyrus, circuit judge, r W. State w Caldwell Epler Frank, asst. cash. First Nat. Bank r 913 W. College av. Epler S. M. (Epler & ~Callon) r-College av. cor. Westminster Epler William F. asst. cash. First Nat. Bank, bds. ss College av. nr Westminster Epler & Gallon (J. M. Epler and W. P. Gallon) lawyers, 3 Chambers blk. Eppinger W. (Lehman & Eppinger) r E. North cor. Yates Ericksen G. tailor, r Duncan cor. Reed Erviu Alexander, marble dealer ss Morgan e Square, r North cor. East Evans Arden, painter, r ns E. College av. e R.R. Evans Elijah, painter, r es East s North Evans Emily, wid. Elijah, r State nr Sandy Evans John (Huntley, Evans & Co.) r St- Louis, Mo. Evans John, painter, r Goltra av. s Chambers Evans Mary Mrs. r ws Church s Grove Evans William, elk. bds. Park hotel Evans William C. painter, r A. Evans Ewing John, carp, r Hardin av. se cor. Cham- bers Ewing R. C. music dealer, r ns Grove e Pros- per Eyles William, shoemkr. r ss Jordan nr Church D. W. ns W. State w Squire r Westminster nr College av. dealer in grass seeds, sewer pipe, fire brick, fire clay, road scrapers, pumps, plows, planters, reapers, vibrators and old style threshers, farm and spring wagons, buggies, and a full line of all kinds of farming im- plements Fairbanks Henry, blksmth. bds. Commercial 486 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Fairchild L. F. Miss, r ns E. State Fairchild M. A. Mrs. r ns E. State Fanning Edgar, farmer, r 401 College Fanning George, elk. Palmer & Cox, r Church cor. College Farrell Alice, cook Sanitarium Farrell F. G. cash. First Nat. Bank, r State sw cor Kosciusko Farrer Joseph, shoemkr. r ns E. College av. e East Farris William, teamster, r. W.R.R. e East Faul ^George, farmer, r Centre e Illinois av. Fay James A. dep. assessor Court House, rns North w Sandy Fay Mary J. teacher, r North w Sandy Fay Sarah, wid. Mark, r North w Sandy Fay William L. foreman Journal, r North nr West Fearon Charles, elk. r East nr T.W. & W. R.R. Fearon John, painter, r East ne cor. Lafayette av. Fearon J. J. (Ingalls & Co.) r East cor. La- fayette av. Fearon Patrick, carp, r N. East cor. Lafayette av. Feisel Jacob Rev. pastor German Meth. church, r ns W. Morgan w West Fell Thomas H. (Metcalf & Fell) r S. Main cor. Kentucky Fell William, mail elk. P.O. r ws East nr Chambers Felton Byron A. farmer, r W. College av. e Westminster Felton William P. r ss W. College av. e Westminster Fenton G. W. painter, r es Mauvaisterre s Square Ferguson Stokes, foreman job. dept. Cotirier r ns College av. w Hardin av. Fernandes Alice Mrs. r ss E. College e Mauvaisterre Fernandes D. r ns Lafayette av. e East Fer iandes Emanuel, carp, r es Vorhees n In- dependence av. Fernandes Emanuel C. lab. r Diamond n La- fayette av. , Fernandes Frank, r Myrtle av. s Independ- ence av. Fernandes John, teamster, r Diamond s Wal- nut Fernandes Joseph, driver, r Walnut e Cald- well Fernandes Joseph G. fireman, r Myrtle av. s Independence av. Fernandes Rosaline Mrs. r Independence av. n P.P. & J.R.R. Fernandes Vincent, lab. r W.R.R. w Cald- well Ferreira Frank, grocer, Lafayette av. e C. & A.R.R. Ferreira Mathias, brklyr. r Illinois av. s In- dependence av. Ferris Joseph, molder Morgan Foundry Field A. J. teamster, r es East s Franklin Feld A. L. attendant Insane Asylum Fieldcamp John, yardman D. and D. Asylum Fields A. roofer and paver, r es S. Main s College ' Fields G. N. lawyer, r 915 Diamond Figueira Joseph, saloon, ns Court w Square, r Lincoln av. nr Diamond Grove Figueira Louis, barkpr. r Lincoln av. nr Dia- mond Grove Fink John H. carp. State nw cor. East, r Clay av. n Morton av. Fink Peter J. barber, r Church sw cor. Lafay- ette av. Finn E. lab. r ns Rout e Hardin av. Fitzpatrick John, elk. r Lurton nr College First National Bank, Edward Scott, pres ; F. G. Farrell, cash, sw cor. Square First Portuguese Church (Presbyterian) ss Jordan w Fayette Fischer Fred A. porter, r East nr College Fisher C physician, ws Square cor. Morgan, r S. Main beyond Brook Fisher Elizabeth Mrs. ryt3 W. College. Fisher Henry, broom mkr. r Wabash av. n P. P.& J.R.R. Fisher Joshua, police, r Hardin av. cor. Mor- ton av. Fisher Lizzie, attendant Insane Asylum Fisher Mittie Miss, teacher r 713 W. College Fisher Nettie B. elk. r E. College nr Clay av. Fitch D R. dry goods, r Lafayette av. cor. Grt ghan Fitzgerald Hannah, attendant Insane Asylum Fitzgerald Mary Mrs. r Diamond end College Fitzgerald Patrick, barkpr. r North nr junc- tion ' Fitzgibbons Thomas, grocer, r East sw cor. Morton av. Fitzgibbon Thomas, tobacconist, r W. College av. cor. Park Fitzpatrick John, elk. r es Lurton s Col- lege JACKSONVILLE. 487 Fitzsimmons O. D. pres. Jacksonville Nat. Bank, r 913 Grove end Prospect Flack Charles E. (Upham & Flack) r Van- dalia rd. Fleishley Conrad, brewer, r North end Main Floberg Christine, ironer Insane Asylum Floberg Mary, cook Insane Asylum Flowers G. W. painter, bds Commercial hotel Flynn Patrick, lab. r Lafayette av. cor. Green Flynn Thomas, lab. r Lafayette av. cor. Green Flynn William, r. Lafayette av. cor. Green Foley John, janitor, r. Caldwell s W. R.R. Follansbee S. C. engineer Insane Asylum Hospital, r es S. Main opp Hospital Foreman A. (Foreman & Sharp) r East cor. Kentucky Foreman & Sharp (A. Foreman and E. Sharp) groceries, E. State nr East Foreman W. W. r. 450 E. State Fortado Frank, r Independence av. cor. Illi- nois Fortado J. L. marblecutter, r Independence av. cor. Illinois Fortney Mary, wid. George, r 322 N. West Foster A. M. farmer, r ss E. State opp Blind Asylum Foster M. R. Mrs. millinery, cloaks and no- tions, ss Square cor. Main, r 306 W. Col- lege av. Foster W. H. traveling agt. r College e West Founce Jacob,.carp. r ns. Lafayette av. e East Fowler Mrs. r ss College e West Fox Adelia Mrs. r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Fox Charles H. Col. lawyer, ws Square nr. Court, r es Main nr College Fox E. farmer, r ss Rout e C.& A.C.RR. FOX GEORGE W. es Sandy s of the Square, manufacturer and jobber in all kinds of tin, copper, and sheet iron ware ; makes a specialty of tin roofing and gut- tering. Mr. F. is also connected with a dairy on Lincoln av. from which he supplies families, groceries, hotels, etc., with the purest milk at reasonable rates Fox Henry, tinner, r C. H. Fox Fox J. M. watches and jewelry, ws Square nr State, r Main beyond creek Fox Thomas, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Foy Mary Mrs. r Sheridan e Illinois av. Frank Emanuel, lab. r W. R.R. w Diamond Frank Emanuel, driver, r Walnut e Caldwell Frank Jacob, tailor, r N. Sandy n R.R. Frank John, r W. R.R. e Pine Franklin Wm. cook Dunlap house Franz Henry, janitor 111. College, r College grounds Franz Robert, painter, r College Hill Frazier Robert, teamster, r Lafayette av. w Diamond Frazier Thomas, teamster, r Lafayette av. w Diamond Freeman A. lab. r ws Fayette n Morton av. Freeman E. P. Mrs. r S. Main se cor. Mor- ton av. Freeman J. W. med. student, r ws S. Main se cor. Morton av. Frese Henry, cigars and tobacco, es Mau- vaisterre s Square Frost Frank N. printer Journal, r E. State Frost L. A. Dr. asst. supt. Insane Asylum Fry Dewitt C. county constable, r Fayette sw cor. Duncan Fry J. V. farmer, r Hardin av. s Chambers Fry Susan Mrs. r es N. Sandy n R.R. Fuchs William, butcher, r ss Wolcott e Clay av. Fuller Charles M. yard-master, r North sw cor. Brown Fuller H. C. saddlery, es Square nr Morgan, r Morgan cor. Prairie Furgeson Stokley, printer, bds. H. L. Clay's GABELINE WM. clerk, bds. F. M. c Springer s Gaddis J. Mrs. r W. College av. cor. Dia- mond Gailey Lizzie, attendant Insane Asylum Galbraith A. E. Mrs. r ns E. State Gallagher Terrance, drayman, r Railroad e Howe Galligher William Rev. Pres. minister, r 823 Grove Gambell J. T. (Gambell & Carver) r State ne cor. Kosciusko Gambell & Carver (J. T. Gambell and J. C. Carver) groceries, flour, feed, etc. W. State nr West Garden Joseph G. stonecutter, r Indepen- dence av. n P.P. & J.R.R. Gardner Seth, elk. r ws Main nr Morton av. Gardner S. Miss, teacher, bds. B. R. Rucker's Garfield C. D. Mrs. teacher, bds. Jno. W. Goltra's Gasman Charles, lab. r P.P.& J.R.R. n Wa- bash av. Gass Benjamin F. architect, r East nw cor. Washington 488 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Gates Mrs. r ns W. College av. e Church Cause John B. painter, r es Clay av. s Frank- lin Gay D. lab. r es Lurton s College Gebelein William, elk. Loar & Grierson, bds. S. Main nr College av. George Albert N. fireman Insane Asylum Geraci Antony, barber, r Main cor. North Gerbing William, butcher, r West s Lafay- ette av. Getty Leulla J. supervisor D. and D. Asy- lum Gibbons Alice Miss, seamstress, r Mrs. J. Gibbons' Gibbons Julia Mrs. tailoress, r ns E. College av. e East Gibbons Leslie, teamster, r es East n Dun- lap Gibbs Edmond A. farmer, r ss E. College av. e Johnson Gibson Geo. B. billiard room, Park hotel Gibson William, whitewasher, r N. Sandy n R.R. Gill J. (J. Gill & Co.) r ss W. State w Pros- pect Gill J. & Co. (J. Gill and C. C. Phelps) dry goods, se cor. Square Gillette Charles P. student 111. College, r D. and D. Asylum Gillette Harriet, sec. D. and D. Asylum GILLETTE PHILIP G. Dr. LL.D. is a native of Madison county, Indiana. He was born March 24, 1833. He is the oldest child of Rev. Samuel T. Gillette, an eminent Meth- odist Episcopal minister, and who was an officer, in his early life, in the United States navy, being the first midshipman ap- pointed from the State of Indiana, Dr. Gillette received his early education in the common schools of his native State. He entered Asbury University at Greencastle, Ind., at the age of fifteen, and graduated at the age of nineteen. He was a teacher in the Indiana State Institution for the edu- cation of the Deaf and Dumb, till 1856, when he was called to the position, which he now holds, of superintendent of the Illi- nois State Institution for the same object. This institution is undoubtedly the best of its kind in the country, and for its present reputation it is largely indebted to Dr. Gillette. He is ably carrying out that lib- eral system which the people of Illinois, through their representatives, have fur- nished the means of doing. Dr. Gillette was married to Miss Ellen M. Phipps, daughter of Isaac N. Phipps, of Indianap- olis, and by this union has had six children, four of whom are still living. In July, 1871, the title of LL.D. was conferred up- on Mr. Gillette, by the institution in which he graduated. Dr. G. has been an efficient worker in the Sabbath School cause both at home and abroad. He is president of the U. S. Sunday School Association. Dr. Gillette and his wife are active members of the M. E. church. Politically, he is a re- publican. Few men have done more in this portion of the State to elevate the spir- itual and mental condition of his fellow men than Dr. Gillette Gilliam Alacia Mrs. r 602 E. State Giiliam Charles, baggage-master, r 602 E. State Gilliam Geo. elk. r 602 E. State Gilman H. A. Dr. asst. supt. Insane Asylum Gilman Polly Mrs. r es S. Main opp. Insane Hospital Gilman S. A. Mrs. r es S. Main n Michigan av. Giltner , carp, r ns Grove e Diamond Gipson John, lab. r P.P.& J. R.R. n Wabash av. Givens Calvin, lab. r ss Grove w West Givens C. lab. r ss Grove w West Givens J. H. lab. r es East n Morton av. Givens H. lab. r es East s Chambers Givens L. Mrs. r ss Grove w West Giving Wm. butcher, r West s Lafayette av. Glasgow M. V. B. carp, r ns E. College av. e Clay av. Gledhill John, asst. engineer Insane Hospi- tal, r ss Michigan av. e East Glenn W. V. carp. Glover Emerson, notion dealer, r Diamond cor. W. College Glover John A. bkpr. Simmons & Eames, r W. Grove Glover L. M. Rev. pastor First Presbyterian church, r Grove sw cor. Westminster Goes Julius, elk. bds. W.R.R. w Diamond Goheen Lycurgus, ins. agt. 7 Gallaher's bl' . bds. ws West nr North Goltra C. S. ret. r ns W. State w Westmnster Coltra John W. ret. r 614 W. College av. Goltra Judson A. (Goltra & Read) r 610 W. College JACKSONVILLE. 489 Goltra M. C. farmer Goltra & Read (J. A. Goltra and J. V. Read) hats, caps, furs, and furnishing 'goods Square sw cor. Morgan Gomas Amelia, wid. r Pine n W.R.R. Gomes Alexander, lab. r ns Lafayette av. e East Gomes Anthony, cook Insane Asylum Gomes Ralphael, lab. r Independence av. n P.P.& T.R.R. Gonsalves Frank, bricklayer, r Independence av. n C.& A.R.R. Gonsalves Louisa Mrs. r Pine n W.R.R. Goodman Benjamin F. harnessmkr. r Fayette nw cor. North Goodrick A. carp, r ns North e Clay av. Goodrick E. A. elk. bds. 335 E. North Goodrick James M. (J. Goodrick & Son)r ws East nr College Goodrick J. (J. Goodrick & Son) r 335 E. North GOODRICK J. & SON (Joel and James M. Goodrick) merchant tailors and dealers in ready-made clothing, gents' fur- nishing goods, hats and caps, trunks, and traveling bags, north side the Public Square. Gordon James (Conlon & Co.) r Railroad e Howe Gorham Isaac, lab. r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Gorham James, miller, r Wm. Benson's Gorm James, porter, r ws. State nr Square Gottnelp Hank, cigarmaker, bds. Southern hotel Gotthelp Herman G. cigarmaker, bds. South- ern hotel Gougerty Catherine, wid. Thomas, r ns Wol- cott e Clay av. Gough John, laundryman D. and D. Asylum Gouveia Ryman, lab. r. es Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Graham J. W. (Graham & Kirby) r ws East s College Grant H. D. boarding house, es East s North Grant . r ss Washington w East Grassly A. F. (Crassly & Bro.) r ws Clay av. n Morton av. GRASSLY C. F. 219 w State w Square, r Clay av. s Chambers, dealer in staple and fancy groceries, provisions, crockery, etc., confectionery of all kinds; keeps on hand nothing but the best brands of flour, for family 'use. In connection with the above Mr. G. also has a bakery, which is the most complete in the city Grassly C. Louis (Kastner & Grassly) r ws East s College Grassly J. A. (Grassly & Bro.) r es Clay av. GRASSLY & BRO. (A. F. and J. A. Grassly) se cor. Square. Groceries, pro- visions, etc., and dealers in all kinds of crockery and glassware. This firm makes a specialty of their flour, which is unsur- passed, for family use. They also deal very extensively in tea, coffee, and spices. The goods purchased from this firm can always be relied on as they keep nothing but the finest grades Graves George, trimmer, r College cor. Clay av. Gray Benjamin, sewing machine agt. se cor. Square, r es Main n Morton Gray B. B. foreman, r ns Court w Fulton Gray Milo, farmer, r Chapin w Main Gray Sarah, nurse D. and D. Asylum Gray S. blacksmith, bds. W. College e West Green Harry, painter, r ss Marion av. w West Green Harvey, painter, r ws East s College Green Isaac, lab. r Henry e C.& A.R.R Green Oliver S. trader, r ns E. State e Howe Green Stephen, farmer, r ns. College av. w Westminster Green Thomas, laborer, r P.P.&J.R.R. n Wabash av. Green W. C. freight agt. C.& A.R.R. r es East s College Greenburg G. W. harnessmkr. r S. Main nr Morton av. Greenleaf E. S. supt. J.N.W.&S.E.R.R. ns W. State nr Square, r Reed cor. Church Gregoria Jarden Mrs. r ws Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Gregory A. R. r- ws East s Kentucky Gregory R. M. policeman, r es N. Main s Walnut Grierson John C. (Loar & Grierson) r es Howe nr State Griffin John, drayman, r N. Sandy n R.R. Griffin M. lab. r East s Morton av. Griffin Patrick, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Griffith Agnes Mrs. r W. College av. cor. Prairie Gross J. H. lab. r ns E. College av. e East Grosvenor Mason, Prof. Illinois College, r College cor. Prairie Groves John, clerk, bds. 315 E. State 490 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Groves Sarah, chambermaid D. and D. Asy- lum Groves Wm. farmer, r ws Hardin av. s Col- lege av. Grubner John, carp, r es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Gruber John H. boots and shoes ns Square cor. Main, r Jordan cor. Prairie Grunder H. teacher, r ss E. College av. e Johnson Gugerty John, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Gunn Alva, farmer, r es^Vorhees n Independ- ence av. Gunn Ann E. wid. James A. r es Vorhees n Independence av. Gunn B. W. grocer es S. Main, r S. Main se cor. Michigan av. Gurney Cornelius sr. cabinetmaker, r ns Franklin e East Gurney Cornelius jr. carriage trimmer, r ns Franklin e East Gurney Edward, furniture finisher, r ns Franklin e East Guthrie Milton, teamster, r ws N. Main nr North Guy William (Guy & Jones) r 249 College TTACKETT JOHN, lab. r es Fulton n North Hackett J. H. (Hackett & Jerald) r S. Main se cor. Michigan av. Hackett Michael, lab. r Howe s Centre Hackett & Jerald (J. H. Hackett and N. R. Jerald) clothing, furnishing, etc. ss Square nr Sandy Hackman George, teacher, r ns Oak e Main Hackman John F. (Hackman & Shafer) r ss College av. nr East Hackman Mary, wid. William, r ns Oak e Main Hackman Philip, r ns Oak e Main Hackman William (Kackman & Hackman) r es Clay av. nr Franklin Hackman & Shafer (John F. Hackman and John J. Shafer) meat market S. Main opp P.O. Hadix David, farmer, r ss E. College w Clay av. Hagar S. D. carriage trimmer es N. Sandy nr Square, r Mauvaisterre nr College . Hairgrove F. M. farmer, r Illinois av. cor. Green Hairgrove C. carp, r E. Morgan se cor. East Halderty Addie Miss, seamstress, r ns E. Morgan e Mauvaisterre Hale Gustavus, bkpr. r Prairie nw cor. Lafay- ette av. Hale James W. attendant Insane Asylum Hale Martin, baggagemaster, r es Yates n North Haley James, clerk, r Lafayette av. e East Haley John, sexton, r Lafayette av. e East Hall Charles H. elk, r Kosciusko cor. College Hall David H. clerk Scott & Lander's Hall H. H. farmer, r 602 W. College av. Hall James, clerk, r es East s Superior av. HALL JOHN W. Manufacturer of buggies, carriages, and spring wagons, and dealer in agricultural implements, seeds, etc. northwest corner College av. and South Main street Hall Mary J. Mrs. proprietress Kentucky house N. Main se cor. Washington Halle Hermann, cigarmkr. bds. Henry Holle's Hallowell Lizzie, chambermaid D. and D. Asylum Hallowell Sarah, chambermaid D. and D. Asylum Halsted M. A. physician Prairie se cor. Jordan Hambaugh James S. elk. Simmons & Eames, r North nr Main Hamill E. H. (Askew & Hamill) r 58 E. Court Hamill S. S. Prof. Illinois College, r 1002 W. College av. Hamilton E. ice dealer, r 830 E. State Hamilton George F. bkpr. JacksonvilleT^at. Bank, r S. Main beyond limits Hamilton James, engineer, bds. Metropolitan hotel Hamilton Mary, wid. William, r ns E. State e Howe Hamilton Sarah Mrs. r es S. West s College Hamilton S. H. r ss Square nr Mauvaisterre Hamilton S. H. Mrs. millinery and fancy goods ss Square nr Mauvaisterre Hamilton Wade, lab. r ws S. Sandy s Col- lege Hamilton W. L. conductor P.P.&J.R.R. r ss E. College av. e Johnson Hammel William, lab. r Centre e Illinois Hammill Edward Rev. M. E. minister, r East sw cor. Bissell Hammond A. well digger, r College cor. S. Main Hammond A. C. Mrs. dressmkr. r West n North JACKSONVILLE. 491 Hammond Henry, lab. r ns Grove w Church Hammond Joseph, painter, r Goltra av. s of the brook Hammond Reuben, farmer, r East ne cor. Franklin Hanners William, r ws Clay s College Happy Charles, painter, r Main n R.R- track Happy James, lab. r ws Clay av. s College Happy John, plasterer, r ss E. College e Clay av. Happy Josephus, sr. painter, r E. State w Brown Happy Josephus, jr. painter, r E. State w Brown Harding E. H. painter, bds. ws N. Main n R.R. Harley Theodore, butcher, r Franklin wClay av. Harold Adam, shoemkr. r Fayette n Jordan Harre Marilda Mrs. r ns W. State e Kosci- usco Harrigan H. Mrs. r ss Anna w West Harris C. B. restaurant ws N. Main nr Square Harris D. H. supt. City Schools, r W. College av. w. Kosciusko Harris Edward G. r Jordan nw cor. Church Harris Judson, elk. bds. E. Metcalf s Harris Vincent, lab. r ws Clay av. n Lafayette av. HARRIS W. P. (Adgate & Harris) r Franklin bet. Clay av. and East; was born May 16, 1849 i n Greene Co., Ohio. Came to this county in August, 1871, and en- gaged in railroading, remaining in this business till January i, 1878, when he en- tered into co-partnership with Mr. Adgate in the insurance business Harrison George W. r ^College nr Sandy Harrison Joseph, attendant Insane Asylum Harrison William, furniture ss Square cor. Main, r College nr. Sandy Harsha W. W. Rev. pastor Pres. church, r es S. Westminster s College av. Hart D. A. painter, r W.R.R. cor. Brown Hart J. E. shoemkr. Illinois av. n. State Hart Matthew farmer, res Prairie n Jordan Hartin Betsey Mrs. r ws Goltra av. s Cham- bers Hartley William H, horse dealer, r ns E. College e C. & A. R.R. Hartmann Adolph, cook Dunlap house Hartzell George, teacher, bds. 324 S. Main Harvey James L. stone mason, r ss Lafayette av. e Prairie Harvey Mrs. dressmaker r ns E. College av. e East Harvey Theo. butcher, r es Hardin av. s Col- lege Hastings Charles L. elk. abstract office, bds. J. Hastings' Hastings Gilbert, elk. bds. H. C. Stewart's Hastings Joel, farmer, r W. College av. e Westminster Hastings Lambert, farmer, r ss W. College e Westminster Hastings T. A. lab. r Sheridan e Illinois av. Hatch Frank K. watchmaker ws Square nr Morgan, bds. North cor. Clay av. Hatch H. Lee Dr. drugs and medicines ws Square cor. Sandy, bds. Park house Hatch Johnson, physician, r 330 E. North Hatfield Lewis, boots and .=hoes ns Square cor. Sandy, r es Diamond nr Morton av. Hatfield L. H. (Ketcham & Hatfield) r es Diamond nr Morton av. Hathman J. W. lab. r ss Franklin w Clay av. Hay Abel L. foreman gardener D. and D. Asylum HAYDEN ALFRED (Russel & Haydens) r W. College av. nr Park. Was born December 28, 1838, in Glocestershire, England; came to this country in 1843 and located at Racine, Wis. Remaining in the State about nineteen years, he moved to Jacksonville in 1862, and engaged as a clerk in a .dry goods store for about two years. Then entered into partnership with his brother Charles until 1871, when the firm dissolved. He then was employed as a clerk for Russel & Hayden until 1876, when he purchased an interest in the firm, which was then changed to the above style. Was married October 30, 1867, to Miss Elizabeth Richardson; has two chil- dren living Frank A. and Mabel. Wil- liam T. died in 1870, aged fifteen months Hayden Charles, mer. tailor and manager es Square nr State Hayden Edwin, carriagemkr. r ss E. Morgan e Mauvaisterre HAYDEN GEORGE (Russel & Hay- dens) General Merchants. Was born in Gloucestershire, England, the i8th of May, 1836. Came to this country in the Spring of 1843, with father, mother, six brothers, and two sisters. Settled in Wisconsin until 492 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. the Spring of 1855; moved to Jacksonville. Served three years apprenticeship with Wm. Guy, learning the carriage and wagon making business. Commenced business for himself in the Spring of 1858. Con- tinued the business until January, 1865, employing ten hands. In January, 1865, with Wm. H. Ranson, bought out A. & W. Russel, general merchants. Continued the business under the name of Hayden & Ranson three years, when Wm. Russel bought the interest of Wm. H. Ranson. The name of the firm was changed to Russel & Hayden which still continue. Was married to Elizabeth Ranson on the 25th of Nov. 1858. Three children have been born to them: Nettie Ann, aged 16 years, Emma Maria, 14 years, and Laura May, aged 9 years Hayden John, teamster, r Sheridan e Illinois av. Hayden John A. roofer E. State nr Square, bds. Park house Hayden William, teamster, r es Fulton n North Hayes Barney, hostler Springer & Scott Hayes John, lab. r ws Vorhees n Independ- ence av. Hawley D. E. publisher ws Square cor. State Hawley E. F. lab. Insane Asylum Hawley Harlow, lab. r ws West n Chambers Hedenberg Fannie, r 352 E. State Hedenberg Susan Mrs. r 352 E. State Heimlich D. T. (Strickling & Heimlich) r East sw cor. Franklin Heinl Joseph, conservatory es S. Main s Col- lege av. r Greenwood av. cor. Church Hellenthal H. (Hellenthal & McGaughran) r ns College av. nr East HELLENTHAL & McGRAUGH- RAN (M. Hellenthal and M. McGraugh- ran) carriage mnfrs. Sandy st. north side of Square. This well known and enter- prising firm build all the latest and lead- ing styles of carriages, pony phaetons, buggies, spring wagons, and make a spec- ialty of Miller's celebrated Eureka buggy, the adjustable features of which are war- ranted for five years, it can be converted into an open buggy, with child's seat ; two- seated open wagon ; open pleasure and business buggy ; a closed carriage for stormy weather ; a three-passenger top buggy ; four-passenger top buggy ; an open or trotting buggy, and as a top business and pleasure buggy. In addition to this the carriages of Messrs. H. & Me. have a wide reputation for style and work- manship. Mr. H. was born in Copenhagen in 1831 ; became apprenticed to his trade in New York city, and came west in 1852 ; he is one of the most skillful upholsterers in the State. Mr. McG. was born in Ire- land January, 1845 ; became apprenticed to his trade in America ; he proved an apt scholar, and in a short time became a very skillful workman ; for a number of years he became a traveling journeyman in the Western States ; in 1865 became associated in carriage manufacturing with Mr. H. Hellerby Carl, elk. r Pearl nr Grove Henderson Ambrose, auction ws N. Main nr Square, r 58 E. College av. Henderson Amos, r es N. Main, s W.R.R. Henderson B. farmer, r Marion cor. Rockwell Henderson George W. teamster, r ws N. Main n Dunlap Henderson John, foreman bakery D. and D. Asylum Henderson John, night hostler P.P.& J.R.R. r ns E. College av. near city limits Henderson John T. lab. r Clay av. s Superior Henderson Martha J. wid. Silas, r ns Dunlap e Main Henderson Oliver, carp, r es East s Morton av. Henderson William P. elk. r ns State nr East Hendrickson William, elk. r North se cor. Brown Hennessey Joseph, lab. r es Lurton s College Hennessy Patrick, lab. r ns East n Dunlap Hennessey William, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Henriques Mary, wid. Tony, r C.& A.R.R. s Independence av. Henriques Moses, lab. r C.& A.R.R. n Inde- pendence Henry C. dentist ne cor. Square, r es Hardin av. nr Rout Henry Edward, teams, bds. College nw cor. Sandy Herold A. B. shoemaker M. & J. Mitner, r bet. N. Main and East n R.R. track Hess George, blacksmith, r Court nr East Hess Henry, blacksmith, r ss Court nr East Hewson John, r Clay av. nw cor. Michigan av. Herndon P. M.Rev. M. E. minister, r es East s Kentucky Hicks Isaac, R.R. employe, r College av. cor. Prairie JACKSONVILLE. 493 Hicks Charles, r College av. cor. Prairie Hicks Sarah Mrs. r College av. cor. Prairie Hicks William, lab. D. and D. Asylum Hiemlich D. T. barber, r East sw cor. Frank- lin Higbee Charles, blksmith, bds W. R.R e Brown Higbee Mary E. milliner, r ss E. College, e East Higler Mrs. r Goltra av. s Chambers HIGGINS HENRY PROF. County Superintendent Public Schools, office Court House, r ss College w West. Was born May 7, 1836, in Knoxville, 111. ; came to this county in January, 1853 ; from this date, with the exception of two winters he taught school till 1873, when he received the nomination and was elected County Superintendent ; so well did he qualify himself for this position, that he was re- elected for another term in 1877. Prof. H. was elected as president of the State County Superintendent's Association in 1875, and secretary of the same in 1877 Higgins V. E. freight agt. r Lafayette av. w Caldwell Higgs William, lab. r Vorhees n. Indepen- dence av. Hilfiker Rudolph, saddler, r E. State Hill John F. butcher, r S. Main opp P.O. Hill Mary, attendant Insane Asylum Hillerby B. Mrs. millinery and dressmaking se cor. Square, r Sandy nr College av. Hillerby George, harness and saddlery, ss. Morgan nr Sandy, r ws. Sandy s College Hillerby John P. elk. r Pearl nr Grove Hillerby J. R. elk. r es. Prairie n Anna Hills George, farmer, r North w West Hine Frank elk. r Lafayette av. w Elm HINRICHSEN WILLIAM H. deputy sheriff" Court House, r Brown se cor. North. Was born May 27th, 1850, in Morgan Co. Mr. H. was employed as sta- tion agent for the T.W.& W.R.R. at Alex- ander for a number of years ; was also justice of the peace at the same place from 1871 to 1874, when he came to Jackson- ville to fill his present position Hitt Wm. manager 'bus line, bds Dunlap house Hobbs Addie R. Miss, teacher music 111. Inst. Blind, r S. Main Hobbs George W. boots and shoes es Square cor. State, r North e East Hoblick Marks, carp, r Henry cor. Hardin av. Hockenhull John sr. druggist, r cor. Pros- pect and Grove Hockenhull John jr. elk. H. K. & E. Bank, r ns Grove w Prospect HOCKENHULL, KING & ELLI- OTT (Robert Hockenhull, S. R. King, E. R. Elliott) bankets es Square nr Court Hockenhull Robert (Hockenhull, King & Elliott) and (Hockenhull & Young) r Grove cor. Westminster Hockenhull & Young (Robert Hockenhull and J. W. Young, druggists, wall paper, hardware, etc., es Square nr State Hocking A. H. clerk Southern hotel Hocking B. proprietor Southern hotel, ns College av. w Sandy HOCKING F. G, boot and shoemaker, ss Square nr Sandy, r ss Lafayette w Dia- mond. Came to this county in 1854, and worked at his trade some years ; he then opened a shop, in 1868, in his present place, where, by strict attention to the wants of his patrons, he has built up a handsome trade. Mr. H. makes all of his boots and shoes to measure, guarantees a perfect fit, and employs nothing but the best material ; does invisible patching and repairing of all kinds, and sells Lyons' patent heel braces Hocking Richard, r ns Court w Church Hodge W. F. mason, r es Clay s Morton av. Hodgkin Birdie, attendant Insane Asylum Hoffman Daniel, cigarmaker, r rear West n North Hoffman John, ticket agent, r es Yates n North Hofmann John G. elk. r ws Clay av. s Cham- bers Hofmann J. E. photographer, es Square cor. State, r ws Clay av. nr Morton av. Hoffman Mrs. r rear West n North Hogan Patrick, lab. r Walnut e Caldwell Hogan S trah, wid. Thomas, r Sheridan e C. & A.R.R. Hohn Bernard, tailor, r ss State e Square Holbrook Thomas, shoemaker, r ss Jordan w Church Holderby Addie Miss, r ns Morgan nr East Holiday Miles, farmer, r Lafayette av. cor. Bedwell Holla George, blacksmith, r ws East n Dun- lap Holle Henry, harnessmaker, r ns E. Col- lege av. e East 494 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Holle H. cigarmaker, bds. College av. nr Clay av. Holley Charles, gardener, r ws Clay av. s College Holley Edmond, lab. r Clay av. nw cor. Su- perior av. Holly Jeremiah, lab. r Lafayette av. cor. Il- linois av. Holly William, teamster, N. Main cor. North Holm Christian, clerk, r Court nr Church Holmes Ellen Mrs. r Clay av. n Morton av. Holmes N. Mrs. r ss Michigan av. w Clay av. Holzer William, barkpr. bds. W. College av. Hook Marcus, bkpr. M. P. Ayers & Co. r ws Pine s North Hook M. V- Mrs. librarian J. F. R. R. and library, r E. State cor. Clay Hook T. J. (T. J. Hook & Co.) r Grove cor. Prospect Hook T. J. & Co. (Thomas J. and W. S. Hook) dry goods, ns Square nr Main Hook W. S. (M. P. Ayers & Co.) and (T. J. Hook & Co.) r ns W. State nr Pine Hoover Henry, clerk, bds. se cor. Square Hoover M. Mrs. millinery, ss. Square nr Mau- vaisterre, r same Hoover W. H. clerk, r ss Square nr Mauvais- terre Hopper Harry, blhcksmith, r North e West Hopper John (Lambert & Hopper) r n end Diamond Hopper Richard, attendant Insane Asylum Hoppy Charles, painter, r es N. Main n In- dependence av. Hotchkins Mabel Miss, r Morgan nr East Howard Alexander, r Vorhees ne cor. Inde- pendence av. Howe Dan. porter Central Illinois and Bank- ing Ass'n, r ws Clay av. near the brook Howe Daniel W. clerk, r ws Clay av. nr the brook Howell Pierson, tinner, r ss E. College av. w East Hoyt J. E. boilermaker, r ns Rout nr city limits Huckstep J. M. dentist, r ss Franklin e East Huftker L. Mrs. r Mound av. Hughes Frances Mrs. r 343 W. Morgan Hull Henry R. carpenter, r ne cor. Square Humphrey B. C. Mrs. r E. State vv Brown Humphrey J. W. printer, r S. Main beyond limits Humphrey M. W. carp, r W. D. Humphrey Humphrey Thomas, carp, r ss Henry e Har- din av. Humphrey T. B. carp, r E. State w Brown Humphrey Walter, photog. r College av. cor. Hardin av. Humphrey William, merchant, r es S. Main sw cor. Chambers Humphrey W. D. carp, r ss E. College av. w Hardin av. Humphrey W. T. carp, r Mauvaisterre cor. Washington Humphrey W. T. Mrs. dressmaker, r Mau- vaisterre cor. Washington Humphries Henry, gardener Insane Asylum Hunt E. W. marble dealer, r. 336 Goltra av. Hunt Fanny, wid. Samuel, r Main cor. North HUNT HENRY W. city clerk, and clerk Board of Education, r Main se cor. North. Was born Jan. 15, 1842, in this city; at the age of 12 years he was ap- pointed clerk in the Post Office, which position he filled for over twenty years; during this period Mr. H. was appointed to fill several Government positions. U. S. store keeper, Port N. O.; also asst. special agent U. S. treasury, with head- quarters at Galveston, Texas. Was nom- inated for the office of city clerk, and elect- ed by a majority of over 600 HUNT, PARTRIDGE & CO. proprietors. The Boston 99 cent store, Chambers block, West State street, is still in existence, and continues to sell staple and fancy goods at prices that defy compe- tition. We have the greatest variety of staple and fancy goods in the city, which we offer at prices that satisfy all. Call and be convinced. A. D. Eldredge, agt. Hunt William E. bartender, r. ws. Yates n North Hunter Susan Mrs. r ws East s College av. Hunter William H. tailor, r West n North Hunter Wm. boilermkr. r ns Rout e C.&A. R.R. Huntley, Evans & Co. (W. F. Huntley, John Evans and ) shoe leather findings, hides, and tallow, etc. ss Square nr Sandy Huntley Frank, com. mer. r ss College e Church Huntley William, elk, r Main nr Huntley W. F. (Huntley, Evans" & Co.) r ss College nr Church Huntoon Geo. A. merchant tailor ns W. State nr Square, bds. Dunlap house JACKSONVILLE. 495 Hurley Con. night elk. Dunlap house Hurley J. W. elk. J. N. Jouett's Hurst E. Mrs. r ss Richard w S. Main Hurst J. S. harnessmkr. r ss Court nr East Hurst Lena Miss, elk. r N. Diamond Hurst Sarah P. wid. William, r ns Court e East Hutchings Sarah, wid. r College av. nr East Hutchings Sarah Mrs. dressmkr. r Mrs. S. Mengel's Hutton Arnold, lab. r ss Henry e C.& A.R.R. Hynes Margaret Mrs. r ss E. College e Mau- vaisterre T LES JOHN, shoemkr. T. Smith's ILLINOIS COLLEGE (See history of Jacksonville, page 380) ILLINOIS CONFERENCE FE- MALE COLLEGE E. State (See history, page 388) ILLINOIS COURIER (tri-weekly and weekly) T. D. Price & Co. pubs, ns W. State nr Square Illinois Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Dr. Phillip G. Gillette supt. end West State ILLINOIS INSTITUTION FOR THE EDUCATION OF THE BLIND, Dr. F. W. Phillips supt. Illinois Institution for the Insane Dr. H. F. Carroll supt. end S. Main Illinois Conservatory of Music, W. D. San- ders supt. ws Sandy s Square Illinois & Colorado Mining Co. of Jack- sonville, C. Fisher, pres. B. F. Bergen, sec. E. W. Bradley, treas. 4 Savings Bank bldg. Imboden Peter, ice, r ws Fulton n North Imhoff Frank, com. trav. r ws East s Bissell INSANE ASYLUM, Dr. H. F. Car- riel, supt. end S. Main Ingalls W. E. (Ingalls & Co.) r West nr North Ingalls & Co. (W. E. Ingalls and J. J. Fear- son) bakers ns State nr East Ireland T. C. r<\O2 E. State Ironmonger John, boot and shoemkr. ws N. Sandy nr Square, r E. Court IRONMONGER JOSEPH J. prop. Franklin job printing office ws Square cor. State, r ns "Rout e C.& A.R.R. Came to Jacksonville in 1856, and for some time at- tended school, but had previously been employed in the printing business, in the Evening News office, St. Louis; he then entered the Journal office, which was then owned by Paul Selby. After remaining in the office about two years, he left the city; returning in 1864, he became pro- prietor of the Journal office, and soon after established the present daily Jour- nal. Mr. I. has the honor of being the first to introduce the steam press, and has since brought six other printing presses into the city. In 1867 he sold his interests in the Journal office, and shortly after purchas- ed his present office, and has since built up the most complete book and job print- ing office in Morgan County, and by far the neatest office in Central Illinois Irving Henry, carp, r 705 W. College T ACKSON ALFRED, lab. r Hardin av. J se cor. College Jackson A. W. Rev. Baptist mininter, r Mar- ion av. se cor. Rockwell Jackson Edward, lab. Insane Asylum Jackson Henry, policeman, r Read w Church Jackson James, r Dr. A. V. Wilhoit's Jackson James, lab. r ss College eC.&A.R.R. Jackson Julia Mrs. r ns Grove w Church Jackson May Miss, r Lafayette av. nr Sandy Jackson R. farmer W. College cor. West Jackson Wm. piano tuner, r Church sw cor. Morton av. JACKSONVILLE BUSINESS COLLEGE cor. Morgan and Kosci- usko G. W. Brown, prin. (See history of Jacksonville, page 391) JACKSONVILLE FEMALE ACADEMY, Church bet. State and College av. Prof. E. F. Bullard prin. Jacksonville Free Reading Room and Li- brary Association, Mrs. M. V. Hook, librarian, ns W. State nr Square Jacksonville Gas Light and Coke Company, office S. Main cor. Anna Jacksonville Hospital E. State JACKSONVILLE JOURNAL, Simmons & Eames, editors and proprs. Mather's blk. E. State JACKSONVILLE NATIONAL BANK, O. D. Fitzsimmons, pres. John Robertson, vice-pres. B. F. Beesly, cash, ns Square nr Sarndy Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern, R.R., M.P. Ayers, pres.W. S. Hook, sec. and treas. and E. S. Geeenleaf, supt. Office 496 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. ns W. State nr Square, depot, Illinois av. P.P.&J. Jacksonville Railway Co. W. S. Hook, pres. M. Hook, treas. T. J. Hook, sec. B. F. Sibert, supt. S. Main opp Opera house JACKSONVILLE WOOLEN MILLS, J. Capps & Sons, proprietors, Church cor. Lafayette av. (See history manufactories page 355.) Jacoby Philip, tailor, ns Square nr Main, r Court nr Church Jacoby Phillip, jr. tailor, r ns Court e Church James Emma, wid. Thomas, r ws Fulton n North James M. B. carp, r es Prairie s Anna James William, farmer, r Sandusky cor. Elm Jameson George (Scott & Jameson) r Morton av. cor. Hardin av. James M. D. carp, r es Prairie s Anna Jeffries Charles, printer, r ns North w Pine Jensen Matthais, trader, r ws Vorhees n In- dependence av. Jeneson M. E. T. J. Mrs. r W. College cor. Prospect Jerald N. R. (Hackett & Jerald) r East ne cor. Morton av. Jessler Sophia Mrs. r ns Lafayette av. e East Jewett John, grocer, r North se cor. Fulton Jewett L. Mrs. r Sandy s College Jewsbury Thomas, street commissioner, r es Lurton s College Jewsbury T. N. saddler, r East nr the brook Joaquin Anset, shoemkr. r ss College av. e East Joaquin John, feeder, r College nr Clay av. Jones C. M. printer, r Washington nr East Johnson A. Mrs. r ss E. College e Hardin av. Johnson Charles, lab. r N. Church n W.R.R. Johnson Chas. porter Dunlap house Johnson C. J. teamster, r Bedwell s W.R.R. Johnson C. R. painter, r West cor. North Johnson Ellen, wid. Lawrence, r Fayette sw cor. Reed Johnson Geo. carp, r es Clay av. s College Johnson Henry R. farmer, r Caldwell sw cor. North Johnson Hugh, lab. bds. Commercial hotel Johnson James O. r North cor. West Johnson J. L. elk. bds. Sta^e cor. Fayette Johnson Julia Miss, r North cor. West Johnson Luther, (Johnson & Co.) r Macomb, 111. Johnson R. C. (R. C. Johnson & Co.) r ns State nr Howe JOHNSON B. C. & CO. (R. C. John- son, H. O. Cassell and J. G. Smedley) ns Square nr Sandy, general insurance agents, represent only first-class companies. Real estate, loan and collecting agency ; sole agents for the Lone Star Real Estate and Colonization Co. of Texas Johnson William, plumber, r ss Washington w East Johnson William B. elk. r ns E. State Johnson William G. magistrate r ss Rout e C.&A.R R. Johnson Wyatt, r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Johnson W. B. (Johnson & Son) r W. State cor. Fayette Johnson W. H. (Johnson & Son) r State cor. Fayette Johnson & Co. (L. Johnson and F. Poffen- barger) dry goods, boots and shoes, and carpets, ss Square nr Sandy Johnson & Son (W. B. Johnson and W. H. Johnson) furniture, stoves, and tinware, es Square nr Morgan Johnston J. P. physician, 2 Gallaher's bldg. r ws Clay av. nr. Morton Johnston Mary, matron Insane Asylum Jones A. H. grocer, r es S. Mam s College av. Jones C. G. (H. K. & C. G. Jones) r 517 W. College av. Jones C. M. printer, bds. John Jones' Jones Frank, umbrellas, r ss Court nr East Jones Henry, physician, r 502 W. College av. Jones Hiram K. (H. K. & C. G. Jones) r 501 W. College av. JONES H. K. & C. G. physicians and surgeons, College av. cor. Fayette Jones John, Agt. r es E. College av. e Mau- vaisterre Jones Julia J. attendant Insane Asylum Jordan John R. r es West nr North JOUETT J. N. ss State e Square, r North cor. Fulton, dealer in groceries, provisions, wooden and willow ware, confectionery of all kinds, choice brands of cigars, etc. The best brands of flour for family use kept constantly on hand. In connection with the above, Mr. J. has dining rooms, where everything the market affords can be had at prices to suit the times, and at all hours of the day Judge Michael, foreman, bds. ws N. Main nr R.R. JACKSONVILLE. 497 Jumper James, collarmkr. bds. Mrs. C. Davis' Justice Joseph, bricklayer, r ss College e Church Justice Maurice, plasterer, r 809 Church T/'ACKMAN J. C. (Kackman & Hack- -*-* man) r es East nr North Kackman & Hackman (J. C. Kackman and William Hackman) groceries, se cor. Square Kamm G. lab r ws West n Chambers Kansas, Missouri and Central Illinois Loan Agency, W. D. Sanders, actuary, Sandy cor. Morgan Kapp Christina, wid. Jacob, r State e Square Karrigan Michael, bds. Commercial hotel Karshaw Albert, laborer, r ss E. College e Clay av. Kaspohl F. (G. Tendrick, Kaspohl & Reid) r Pittsfield Kastner Charles (Kastner & Crassly) r ss North nr East KASTNER & GBASSLY (Charles Kastner and C. Louis Crassly) ss State e Square, Marble block, manufacture every- thing pertaining to a first-class bakery, making a specialty of wedding cakes; also dealers in family groceries, provisions, and confectionery of all kinds. Keep on hand nothing but the choice brands of flour Kearney Michael, lab. r N. West n R.R. Kearney Michael, jr. clerk, r N. West n R.R. Kearns John, watchman, r Lafayette av. w Fayette Keating Daniel, plasterer, r Railroad e Howe Keating Edward, saloon, Illinois av. sw cor. North Keating Michael, machinist, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Kee Thomas, lab. r ss Henry w C. & A.R.R. Keeffe James, plumber, r ws N. Main s Inde- pendence av. Keeffe Jeremiah, lab. r ws N. Main s Inde- pendence av. Keely John J. tailor, r N. Main nr Square Keemer E. wagonmaker, Sandy cor. College, r S. Main cor. College Keemer Joseph, painter, r S. Main cor. Col- lege Keener Frederick (T. & F. Keener) Lafayette av. nr Sandy Keener Thomas (T. & F. Keener) Lafayette av. nr Sandy Keener T. & F. (Thomas and Frederick Kee- ner) grain, Lafayette av. nr Sandy Keeny Joseph, cigarmkr. r 506 E. College Keho Moses, blacksmith, Main nr North, r Lafayette Keho Thomas, blacksmith, r es Mauvaisterre n Square Kehoe Michael, driver, r Centre e Illinois av. Keilbach Louis, clerk, r College nr East Keiser Charles W. retired, r ns W. State e Church Kelley P. D. tailor, r es Clay av. s College av. Kelley R. W. gasfitter, bds. Southern hotel Kellogg A. H. physician, r East se cor. Col- lege av. Kellogg , lawyer, r ws Diamond s Anna Kelly John, lab. bds. Commercial hotel Kennedy Edward, lab. r West s Lafayette av. Kennedy-Frank, r Mauvaisterre n North Kennedy John, engineer, bds. Metropolitan hotel Kennedy Michael, lab. r Chambers e S. Main Kennedy Mrs. r ns Wolcott e Clay av. Kent Lyde Miss, teacher, r W. College av. w Prairie KENTUCKY HOUSE, Mrs. Mary Jane Hall, proprietress, N. Main cor. Wash- ington street. Transient rates $i per day, by the week from $4 to $5. This house is centrally located, being convenient to the business part of the city. It is also well and favorably known far and near Kerrick J. R. saloon, ws Sandy near Square Kershaw Albert, bottling works, es N. San- dy, nr Square, r College nr Hardin av. Kershaw Robert, farmer, r es Lurton s Col- lege Kershaw T. C. elk. r n end Clay av. Kessler Jacob, foreman, r Fayette se cor. Read Ketcham I. J. (Ketcham & Hatfield) r ws S. Diamond nr Morton av. Ketcham & Hatfield (I. J. Ketcham and L. H. Hatfield) lawyers, ns Square cor. Sandy Kettering Mary, wid. Valentine, r North nr Mauvaisterre Keyes Henry, tinner, bds. Kentucky house Keyes Peter, lab. bds. ws N. Main n R.R. Keyes Thomas, tinner, r Morgan nr Clay av Kibbe Jarius, r ss W. College av. e Park Kikel Jacob, farmer, r Myrtle av. n Inde- pendence av. Kilin Catherine Mrs. r ss E. College av. e East 498 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Kilian John, r ns North w Fulton Kiloran Michael, lab. r Lafayette av. cor. Howe Kilpatrick David, barber, r N. Sandy n R.R. Kilpatrick Susie Mrs. r N. Sandy n R.R. Kincaid Sarah Miss, r S. Main cor. College av. King De Prates Mrs. r Prairie s W.R.R King Ed. J. treas. and asst. supt. Gas co. r ws Church s Anna King James, stonecutter r Myrtle av. n Inde- pendence av. King James T. merchant, r W. College av. cor. West King Jennie Miss, teacher, r 326 Mauvaisterre King John, lab. r Prairie s W.R.R. King Joseph W. ret. r ss W. State w Prairie King J. F. dry goods, es Square King J. O. supt. Gas co. r College av. cor. Fayette King J. W. (King & Stebbins) r ss W. State bet. Prairie and Westminster KING JOHN W. COL. Born in Westfield, Mass., in 1835; moved to Jack- sonville in 1839; graduated at Augusta Seminary in 1854; entered the jewelry business in 1855; was commissioned first lieutenant of Union Guards in the month of April ,1860; afterward commanded the com- pany until the breaking out of the war in 1861. Took an active part in organizing and drilling the Wide Awakes in every pre- cinct in Morgan Co., in 1860, so that he had a battalion of 250 well drilled men, and the knowledge gained from those drills laid the ground work that fitted many young men for officers in the late war. On the breaking out of the war he united his company with Captain Adam's, and so formed the Hardin Light Guards. After the Gaards were attached to the Tenth Illinois, he became the Captain and remained such until their three months' term of enlistment had expired. He was then tendered the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Twenty-Ninth Illinois, but, being urged by General John A. McClernand to accept a position on his staff, did so; but ill health soon compelled him to resign, and, on the recovery of his health, he organized another company, taking it to Camp But- ler, near Springfield, where he soon organ- ized the Sixty-Eighth Illinois, and was elected Colonel, twenty-six of the thirty officers voting for him. After taking the regiment to the front, the Governor saw fit to commission another man as Colonel, and on his arrival Captain King turned over the regiment to him and resigned. Afterward Governor Yates sent him a commission of Colonel, with a request that he would go with him and inspect the Illinois troops in front of Vicksburg and elsewhere, which he accepted, and in company with several prominent Illinois gentlemen, they made an extended and general inspection, look- ing after the interests and needs of the brave Illinois soldiers, attending to their necessities, supplying their wants, etc. Was assistant Provost-Marshal of Alexan- dria, Va., duiing the Summer of 1862, and took the prisoners that were captured in the second battle of Manassas up the James River to within nine miles of Richmond, and there made an exchange with Colonel Robert Quids, the rebel commissioner of exchange. He was also appointed and served as Judge Advocate of the first gen- eral court martial in the western army, in the Summer of 1861, and was also a mem- ber of a general court martial held in Alexandria, Va., in 1862. Was married in Alton, in 1871, to the youngest daughter of the late Hon. M. G. Atwood. Is a very influential and respected citizen, and a prominent leader in the Republican party King J. Will, dentist, r es Mauvaisterre nr College King Lucas, teacher D. and D. Asylum King Lutie Miss, teacher D. and D. Asylum, r 326 Mauvaisterre King Molly Miss, teacher r 326 Mauvaisterre King Rachel Mrs. r 1179 S. Main King Reynolds, H. K. & E. Bank, r Morton av. se cor. Church King S. R. (Hockenhull, King & Elliott) r Church cor. Morton av. King Tilley D. attendant Insane Asylum KING W. H. H. physician and sur- geon, office and residence ss W. State sec- ond door e Dunlap house King W. J. hat mnfr. ns W. State nr Square King W. M. r College av. cor. Fayette King & Stebbins (J. W. King and F. H. Stebbins) watches and jewelry ss Square nr Sandy Kinman Ann Mrs. r ns W. College av. w West JACKSONVILLE. 499 Kintzlow John, teamster, r ns Court nr Square KIKB Y EDWARD P. county judge, lawyer, and abstract maker Court House, r W. State Kirby William A. soap mnfr. r ss Mound av. e Lincoln av. Kirby William B. cashier, r ss State w Kos- ciusko Kirk Edward, barber, r 501 College Kirk John, retired, r ns E. State e Howe Kirk John, employe Dr. H J. Jones Kislingbury A. J. K. Mrs. r ns E. State Kitner Nathaniel, carp, r ss North e East Klaus 'C. A. tailor, r College cor. Clay av. Klaus Hugo elk. Ward Brothers, r Clay av. cor. College Kloepfer John G. barber es Square cor. State, r Sharp nr Clay av. Knight C. H. physician and surgeon D. and D. Asylum, r ws Clay av. s Morton av. KNOLLENBERG H. H. manu- facturer of the well known Matchless, Daisy, and Helena brands of cigars, dealer in tobacco, pipes, etc. es Square, P.O. box 1632, r Main cor. Bissell Knollenberg John H. elk. r Main cor. This- tle Knollenberg John R. mer. tailor ss Morgan nr Sandy, r ns Court e East Knowles A. stock dealer, r Hardin av. nr cor. Henry Knowles James, stock dealer, r Henry sw cor. Hardin av. Knowles J. B. (Osborne & Knowles) r Har- din av. s E. State Knowles P. stock dealer, r A. Knowles' Knowles S. S. stock dealer, r A. Knowles' Knowles T. S. stock dealer, r Hardin av. s Chambers Knox Helen, wid. W. C. r ws West nr North KOENIG AUGUST, dealer in all kinds of groceries, wines, liquors, cigars, tobacco, etc., No. 508 N. Main near Wabash R.R. Freight Depot. Mr. K. has been engaged in the above line of business nearly twenty years, thus acquiring a thorough knowledge of the same, which enables him to offer liberal inducements to parties desiring to purchase any thing in his line. We would invite people from this city and country to give Mr. K. a call Konrad Frederick, drayman, r es N. Main n Lafayette av. Konrad Peter, lab. r es N. Main n. Lafayette Konrad Jacob, drayman, r es N. Main n Lafayette av. Krapps Joseph, teacher, r Lafayette av. e Illi- nois av. Kreider Emond, miller, r ns W. State w West Kreiger William, weaver r 59 N. Main Kuechler Oscar, elk. r Franklin nr East Kuechler Oscar H. elk. r Court ne cor. Prairie Kuechler Robert, elk. r Clay av. nr College Kuehne J. F. cigarmkr. r 506 E. College Kurtz Edward, carpenter J. Fink Kurtz Michael, soap manfr. r Washington e East T A BOYTEAUX EARNEST, printer, T** bds. Park house Lackman Olce Mrs. r S. Lincoln av. Lacy S. S. Mrs. r Clay av. ne cor. Morton av. Lahman John, farmer, res East s Superior av. Lamb Martin T. Rev. pastor Bapt. ch. r Grove se cor. Prairie Lamb George, farmer, r Walnut w Short Lambert Edward, (Lambert & Hopper) r Jor- dan nr Fayette and Prairie Lambert Edward C. r ns Jordan w Fayette Lambert J. M. lab. r es Sandy n R.R. Lambert Richard, farmer, r N. Church n W. R.R. Lambert Richard, butcher, r Prairie s W. R.R. Lambert & Hopper, (Edward Lambert and John Hopper) meat market ns Court w Square Lambourne Thomas, bkpr. bds State nr West- minster Lampert J. P. cooper, North w West Lancaster William, wool assorter, r 59 N. Main Landers George (Scott & Landers) r N. Main ne cor. Independence av. Lane A. H. dentist ws Square cor. Morgan, r ss College nr Church Lane H. C. r ss College nr Church Lane J. H. r Dr. A. H. Lane Lanort Geo. lab. r ss Chambers w Clay av. Large James, lab. r College cor. Fayette Large Stephen, teamster, r es Clay av. s Franklin Large Thomas, elk. r College cor. Fayette Larkin Richard, saloon es Mauvaisterre nr North Larimore S. H. farmer, r ns Hardin av. s Chambers 500 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Larrimore P. Mrs. r ss E. State opp Blind Asylum Larrimore Wm. farmer, r ss E. State opp Asylum grounds Lary Jerry, blacksmith, bds. Mrs. C. Davis' Lathrop J. W. trav. agt. r ss N. College av. ePark Lauerman Jacob, baker, bds. se cor. Square Lawler Henry, farmer, r ss Morton av. e C.& A.R.R. Lawson , Mrs. r es Clay av. s College Lawton Hiram, supt. spinning dept. Capps' factory, r Kosciusko cor. Anna Lax Edward C. grain dealer, r Edgmon cor. Diamond Laycock Robert, butcher, r Prairie sw cor. Lafayette av. Layman M. T. lawyer, Savings Bank bldg. r West ne cor. College Laymiller Henry, shoemkr. bds. North nw cor. Main Leary Patrick, lab. r Railroad e Howe Leek John (Leek & Lightfoot) r es East s College av, Leek & Lightfoot (John Leek and F. Light- foot) butchers ss State nr East Lee M. H. seamstress, r es Mauvaisterre n Square Lee Philip, wagonmkr. ss North nr Sandy, r Church Lee Samuel, lab. r Pine n W.R.R. Lehman B. elk. r North nr Fayette Lehman L. (Lehman & Eppinger) r North nr Fayette Lehman & Eppinger (L. Lehman and W. Eppinger) clothing w's Square nr W. State Lenington Eliza, wid. George, r ws N. East n Lafayette av. Lentz John, painter, bds. Court cor. Fayette Leonard George, cabinetmkr. Becker, Rott- ger & Degan Leonert Peter, upholsterer S. Caf ky Less John, stonecutter R. C. Smith Letton Caleb, constable, r ss E. State opp. Blind Asylum Letton James, clerk, r E. State e C,& A.R.R. Leurig Louis (Leurig & Engel) r N. Main e railroad Leurig & Engel (Louis Leurig and Henry Engel) saloon, es Square nr Morgan Lewis Bell Miss, dressmaking, r 205 E. Col- lege av. Lewis Charles W. 'porter, r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Lewis Charles B. surveyor, r ns North e Pine Lewis F. Fernandes, lab. r Diamond s Freed- man Lewis James, r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Lewis Jane Mrs. r ws East s Bissell Lewis John, lab. r Diamond s Freedman Lewis Sol, yardman Park hotel Lewis Wm. tailor, r E. Morgan ne cor. East Lewis William T. clerk, bds. Mauvaisterre nr College Libby M. mason, r East se cor. Michigan av. Lightfoot Fernando (Leek & Lightfoot) r 703 East Lilly Jno. W. machinist, r ns College' nr J. N.W.&S.W.R.R. Lindsay John, carp, r es S. Main s Morton av. Lindsey S. D. carp, r Main cor. Oak Lindsley Elizabeth J. Miss, teacher Presby- terian Female Academy Link A. G. r 6n W. State Linzey Mary Miss, r ns Court w Square Lippincott Julian P. (Morrison, Whitlock & Lippincott) r W. College av. on hill Litton Albert, clerk, r West n North , Litton Charles, painter, r West n North Litton James, painter, r West n North Litton Sarah, widow Elijah, r West n North Livesey T. S. sewing machine agt. boards es East s North Livingstone Todden, cooper, r Lafayette av. cor. Diamond Lloyd N. J. Mrs. r ss E. College av. e Johnson Loar Erasmus, carp, r 620 E. College av. Loar John R. (Loar & Grierson) r es Main nr Morton av. Loar & Grierson (John R. Loar and John C. Grierson) wholesale and retail grocers, ss Square, Opera house blk. Lockhart John, teamstr. r Centre e Illinois av. Loftus M. attendant Insane Asylum Lomb Henry, restaurant es N. Main nr Square Long D. K. r ss E. State e Johnson Long Geo. Mrs. r Hardin av. s. Superior Long Henry, farmer, r ns Rout e C.& A.R.R. Long John, teacher, r E. State e Johnson Lonregan Maurice, lab. r Lafayette av. w Pine Loomis Charles J. asst. clerk Insane Asylum Loomis Geo. N. bds. Dunlap house Loomis John, teacher Blind Asylum, r S. Diamond cor. Galleher Loomis John G. dept. elk. County Clerk, r ss State w Prairie Loomis Samuel, law-student, r Diamond Lord J. O. machinist, r ns North e Brown JACKSONVILLE. 501 Lott L. G. bus agt. r N. Main nr Square Lowder Geo. W. painter, r E. College e C.& A.R.R. Luby John, lab. r Lafayette av. w Bedwell Lucas C. J. (Lucas & Co.) and physician, r S. Main nr College av. Lucas C. J. & Co. (Dr. C. J. Lucas and J. R. Mendonse) druggists, ws N. Main nr Square Ludlam Jeremiah J. r ss North e Fulton Ludlam J. J. jr. nursery, r ss North e Fulton Luke Kate Mrs. r ns Morgan nr East Lumm A. carp, r ss E. North w East Lumm Frank, clerk, r North e East Lundregan C. lab. r ns Clay av. s Chambers Lynch Thos. lab. ss E. College \v C.& A.R.R. Lynn George, clerk, bds. North e East Lyon Thos. S. r Fayette cor. Anna JV/TC AH AN JOHN R. insurance agt. r ns x Morgan nr East McAlister O. O. carp, r W. W. McAlister McAlister W. W. carp, r es. Clay av. s Su- perior McAlister Samuel, lab. N. Richards, r ws Fayette s Anna McAvitt Arthur, painter, r es West nr Lafay- ette av. McBride Elizabeth Mrs. r 600 E. College av. McBride Henry, sec. boss J.N.W.&S.E.R.R. bds. Mrs. E. McBride's McBride James, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. McBride James, painter, r es Lurton s Col- lege McBride John C. clerk, r es Hardin av. 2 s College av. McBride Michael, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. McBrogan Henry, wagonmaker, r Mauvais- terre cor. College av. McCann , farmer, r ss Chambers e C.& A.R.R. McCartney D. Mrs. r College av. cor. Prairie McCarty J. D. carp, r ss Hardin av. McClain Alice, chambermaid Park hotel McClain Calvin, agt. Wabash R.R, r ns W. State w West McClure Henry B. lawyer W. College av.cor. Prospect McClure Walter, baggagemasfer, r Lafayette av. e Illinois av. McConnel Edward, lawyer 3 Chambers blk. bds. ns State nr Prairie McConnell J. C. prop, green house S. Church n Morton, r West s Anna McConnel Geo. lawyer, bds. Chas. Rockwell's McConnell J. T. "storekeeper," r ws Church s Edgmont McCool J. W. (Paradice & McCool) r es East nr College McCormick A. R. Mrs. r 501 Diamond McCoy Emma, wid. William, r ss Washington w East McCoy Wm. prop. Transport co. r Chambers ne cor. Hardin av. McCracken David, painter, r Church sw cor. Anna McCracken H.B.Mrs, dressmaker, r Morton nw cor. Clay av. McCreary J. S. stock dealer, r Hardin av. s Superior av. McCullough Francis, blacksmith, r es West n Morton av. McCullough James M. salesman, r 45 E.Court McCullough John, clerk, r ws S. Diamond s Grove McCullough Reuben L. clerk, r ns Court e East McCUJLLOUGH W. H. Justice of the Peace es Square cor. East, r Court e East. Also represents the following insurance companies: Continental Fire, N.Y., and Franklin Fire, St. Louis, also the Aetna Life, of Hartford, and Pacific Mutual, San Francisco, Cal. Also dealer in real estate, makes loans, and does a general collecting business McCune Edward, printer, bds. Commercial hotel McCurley William, teamster, r es East n Dunlap McCutchen C. A. Mrs. r es East s North McDONALD A. N". insurance agent and notary public W. State w Square, r 409 E. State. Was born in Dundee, Scotland, in 1823; came to this country in 1835, and went to farming about three years, then came to Jacksonville and opened a dry goods store, in connection with which he repre- sented several insurance companies; after remaining in the dry goods business ten years, he sold out, and continued in the insurance business, locating in his present office. Mr. McD. is the oldest insurance agent in the city. Was married to Miss Julia S. March, in 1854, and has a family of three boys and three girls McDonald Edward L. (Thomas & McDonald) r State cor. Prairie 502 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. McDonald Edward M. newsdealer, r 409 E. State McDonald E. A. Mrs. r ns W. State w Church McDonald Frank M. newsdealer, r 409 E. State McDonald Francis I. teller Jacksonville Nat. bank, r State sw cor. Prairie McDonald Henry, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. McDonald James, lab. bds. es Mauvaisterre s Square M Donald John, lab. r es N. Main n Dunlap McDonald John, plumbing W. State nr West, r ns College nr Clay McDonald John jr. clerk, r ns College nr Clay MCDONALD L. A. stationery, news depot and notions ns W. State nr Square, r 409 E. State McDonnell Andrew.wall paper, etc., r E.State w Brown McDOXXELL HEXRY, painter and dealer in wall paper, Masonic blk. Mr. M. has been established in business in the city many years; he has built up an excellent trade, and employs constantly a number of workmen; he has executed a number of exceptionally fine pieces of work, which can be seen in many of the churches and public buildings in the city, and in sur- rounding towns; he keeps constantly on hand a large supply of painters' materials, wall paper, etc., and can always be found ready for his customers McDonnell Henry sr. r E. Lafayette av. e East McDougal William, blacksmith, r ss College e East McDougal Wm. Mrs. dressmaker, r 330 E. College McEncroe John, plasterer, r 'Goltra av. s Chambers McElroy Anna Mrs. r ws S. Main s Richard McEvers Cisero, carp, r ns North e Pine McEvers E. Mrs. r ss College e Church McEvers William E. millwright, r ns North e Pine MiFARLAND ANDREW, M. D. prop, and supt. Oak Lawn Retreat E. Morgan av. (See history, page 408) McFarland Fletcher, M. D. asst. supt. Oak Lawn Retreat E. Morgan av. McFarland Harriet N. Miss, Oak Lawn Re- treat McFarland L. S. Miss, Morgan nr East McFarlane W. K. r Clay av. se cor. Supe- rior av. McFay Frank, teamster, bds. es East n Dun- lap McGaughran M. (Hallenthal & McGaugh- ran) r ws Sandy nr North McGhee F. J. (McGhee & Richardson) bds. Clay av. s Morton av. McGhee & Richardson (F. J. McGhee and J. W. Richardson) boots and shoes es Square nr State McGinnis A. cooper, r 915 S. Main McGinnis F. M Miss, teacher Blind asylum, r Mrs. M. Masters' McGinnis W. marblecutter, r 915 S. Main McGool Wm. wagonmkr. r es East s College McGrath James, blksmth. ss Morgan nr Sandy, r Lafayette av. nr Depot McGrogan Henry, lab. r ns Mauvaisterre cor. College av. McGrogan Johanna, washerwoman Insane Asylum McHenry Daniel, lab. r Railroad e Howe McHenry Martin, roadmaster C.& A.R.R. r ss College av. e R.R. McHenry M. lab. r es Clay av. s Franklin Mcllvain James, scourer, r W.R.R. w Bed- well McKavitt Arthur, painter, r West n North McKay Fielding, bds. College nw cor. Sandy McKay J. A. carp, r ws Clay av. s Morton av. McKenna James, molder Morgan foundry McKim Raish, elk. bds. S. Main cor. College av. McKinney J. A. organs, r ws Pine s Lafay- ette av. McKinney S. J. student, r ws Pine s Lafay- ette av. McKnight George S. trav. agt. r ns Court e Church McKnight William, elk. Mason & Stout's McLaflin D. r Vorhees nr Main McLaflin Edward, bartndr. r es Vorhees n Independence av. McLaughlin F. C. Mrs. r ws Kosciusko s Grove McLaughlin John, hostler, r North e Church McLaughlin Julia, cook Pres. Female Asylum McLaughlin Thos. lab. r ss E. Morgan e East McLean Hugh, bricklayer, r Centre e Illinois av. JACKSONVILLE. 503 MCMILLAN JAMES T. lawyer and real estate dealer, ws Square, over Hatch's drug store, r State opp Blind Asylum. Was born Jan. 27, 1840, in Berlin, Sangamon County; came to Morgan County in 1853, and to Jacksonville in 1860. Graduated at New York University in 1864, studied medicine at Albany Medical College, and one term at Michigan University, also studied law at the latter place, and was ad- mitted to practice at the bar; he then came to this city McNamara Daniel, elk. r N. Sandy cor. In- dependence av. McNamara James, prop. Commercial hotel, ws Sandy nr Square McNamara Michael, teamster, r N. Sandy cor. Independence av. McNamara Thomas, bds. Commercial hotel McPheron Nettie, artist, r ws East nr Col- lege McPheron W. R. operator, r ws East nr Col- lege McPherson Charles, pressman Journal, r Morgan cor. Clay av. McPherson James, tailor, r N. Main nr North McPherson Mrs. dressmkr. r Clay av. cor. Morgan McSherry Nicholas, conductor, r Lafayette av. e Illinois av. MacDonald M. A. Mrs. teacher Illinois fe- male college MacDonald M. E. Mrs. dressmkr. r 334 Har- din av. Mack J. H. teacher, r es Prairie n Anna Madden Julia, wid. Edward, r N. Main cor. Independence av. Magill John S. manager U. S. ex. co. es. es N. Main nr Square, r Main ne cor. Supe- rior av. Magner Thomas, foreman, r N. Main n R.R. Maguire Thomas, elk. bds. E. State Maher B. Mrs. r ns. E. College w C.& A. R.R. Maher Patrick, lab. bds. Commercial hotel Mahlka Michael, lab. r Railroad e Howe Mahony F. P. helper, r es N. Main s Inde- pendence av. Maier George, saloon ss State e Square Major Harry, elk. r Sheridan e C.& A.R.Ri Major Richard, painter, r Sheridan e C.& A.R.R. Malenbrook T. employe Geo. Chambers Mallen John sr. drayman, r ws Clay av. s College Mallen John, paperhanger, r Clay av. nr Col- lege Mallory James, lab. r N. West n R.R. Malone J. W. Rev. pastor M. E. (African) church, r es Clay av. n Brook Malone Mary Mrs. r Lafayette av. nr West Malone Mrs. teacher, r ws Church n Anna Manes Anthony, lab. r ns Lafayette av. e East Maney James, drayman, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Mangelson Christopher, r ns Court w West Manion John, lab. r Railroad e Howe Manion John, lab. Lafayette av. cor. Main Mann Robert H. operator, r A. W. Cadman's Mans S. carp, r ss E. Morgan e East Mapes M. engineer Scott & Lander's . March James W. clerk, r ss College nr Clay av. Marcum William J. gasfitter, r State nw cor. Sandusky Marcy Charles (Marcy & Bro.) bds. Dunlap ' house Marcy Charles F. clerk, bds. S. Main Marcy Henry S. (Marcy & Bro.) bds. Dunlap house Marcy & Bro. (Charles and Henry S. Marcy) boots and shoes ss Square nr Sandy Marker Jennie Miss, dressmaker, r ns E. Col- lege av. e Mauvaisterre Marker - , r ns E. College av. w East Markoe Emma, attendant Insane Asylum Markoe Frank, elk. bds. ws Prairie nr Anna Markoe Hittie, attendant Insane Asylum Marks Henry F. carp, r P.P.& J.R.R. n Wa- bash av. Marsh Arthur T. clerk, r Mauvaisterre cor. Madison Marsh C. K. clerk, r Mauvaisterre cor. Madi- son Marsh Orrin, r North n West Marsh John N. clerk circuit court and re- corder, Court House, r Mauvaisterre cor. Madison Marshall Charles, carp, r es Prairie s Anna Marshall Jennie Miss, seamstress, bds. M. M. Shreve's Marshall Wm. carp, r es Prairie s Anna Marshall Wm. farmer, r 502 E. State Marthens Louisa Miss, matron Jacksonville hospital E. State 504 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Martin Albena, wid. Frank, r Pine nw cor. North Martin Ann, wid. Paul, r Illinois av. s Inde- pendence av. Martin B. E. cigarmaker, r North cor. West Martin Casper, clerk, r North cor. West Martin Eliza, wid. Ralph, r Lafayette av. se cor. Brown Martin E. M. Miss, assistant matron Illinois inst. blind Martin Kasper, clerk, bds. C. F. Brown's Martin Malissa, wid. Nelson, r North cor. West Martin , Mrs. r es Sharp s College Martin Robert V. foreman, r S. Lafayette av. se cor. Brown Martin Samuel, r ns North e East Martin Samuel, ditcher, bds. Commercial hotel Martin Thomas, hostler N. Main cor. North Mason E. (Mason & Stout) r Mauvaisterre cor. Franklin Mason Oliver, watchmaker, bds. S. Mauvais- terre cor. Franklin Mason Robert, watchmaker, r2 Conservatory block Mason Thomas (W. L. & Thos. Mason) r 12 Gallaher's add. Mason Timothy, jeweler, r 21 Gallaher's add. Mason William L. (W. L. & Thos. Mason) r College av. se cor. West MASON WM. L. & THOS. jewelers 2 Conservatory block. These gentlemen are natives of England, emi- grating to this country at an early age. Their father, Robt. Mason, with his family, came to America in 1854, and for four years lived in New York city. In 1858, he came to Jacksonville, where he worked at his trade of watchmaker and jeweler, with Wm. M. Mayo, remaining in his em- ploy until 1863. Here Thomas Mason began learning the trade. That year Mr. Mayo sold to Woodward & Strong, by whom Mr. Robert Mason was employed, until 1865, when they sold to Chatterton & Morton, who soon sold to Morton & Mc- Clain. In 1865, Mr. Mason started in business for himself in a small room in the rear of the present Central Savings Bank building, with a stock of goods invoicing but little over $200. Not long after he moved to Morgan street, a few doors west of his present location. When the Con- servatory bldck was finished, in October, 1872, he removed to the room now occu- pied by his sons, the subject of this sketch. They purchased the business in October, 1876, which has since been conducted solely by them. Wm. L. began work at the trade in 1861, with Day & Stebbins. He afterward went to England, where he spent one year and a half in improving and finishing his trade, under an instructor. On his return, he was two years in charge of one of Mr. Mayo's Chicago stores. From there he went to Denver, where he had charge of a bench in a large establish- ment over two years. At the end of that time he came to Jacksonville. Each one of these gentlemen has had a thorough, practical training in their business, enabling them to successfully manage any part of it, and constantly increase their trade. Their Regulator is one of the best in the west. Time is taken from observations of the sun and the north star, wiih an improved transit instrument, similar to those used in obser- vatories. Their stock of goods is complete in every regard, and their store at all limes filled with a full stock of goods in their line Mason & Stout (E. Mason and J. V. D. Stout) books and stationery ss Square, Opera House blk. Masters Mary Mrs. r ss E. College e East Mathers John Rev. r 512 E. State N MATHERS J. TABOR, grocer and dealer in queensware, glassware, etc. etc. Among the many first-class houses in Jacksonville the above firm takes a leading position. The spirit of enter- pise manifested by the late firm of Rut- ledge & Mathers, and now being con- tinued by the latter gentleman, is worthy of more than a passing notice. The erec- tion of their large marble front building on E. State St., two years ago, shows a spirit of en'erprise that the wealthy men of Jack- sonville would do well to follow, from the fact that not only would it be a benefit to themselves but a source of pride to the community. Two years ago Mr. George Rutledge, a former member, retired from the firm, and since that time the business has been conducted by Mr. Mathers, and that too in a most commendable manner. He carries one of the finest stocks of goods JACKSONVILLE. 605 in the city, consisting of staple and fancy groceries, confectionery, provisions, China, glass, queensware, dry goods, boots and shoes, hats, caps, etc. He also has superior advantages in shipping all kinds of pro- duce, provisions, etc., hence farmers always find a ready market at his establishment, and the benefit of the highest prices. Thus, by energy and fair dealing, aided by cour- teous and experienced clerks, Messrs. Saml. Brockman and George Oilman, who have been in the employ of Mr. Mathers for years, Mr. Mathers has built up an ex- tensive and well merited business. He was born in Morgan Co., educated in Jack- sonville; at twenty-five married Miss An- nabel English, of Danville. Mrs. M. passed off the stage of life April 27, 1876 Mathers Wesley, r 522 E. State Mathers William D. (Bronson, Mathers & Nellis) r ss State nr Hardin av. Matheson Neil (Matheson & Brennan) ss Square nr Main MATHESON & BRENNAN (Neil Matheson and Terance Brennan) hardware, stoves, tinware, and roofing, ss Square nr Main Mathews James R. livery, boarding, and sale stable ns Court e Square, r country Mathison N. merchant, r ws East s Morgan av. Mathman J. L. lab. r Prairie n Anna Matthews B. C. farmer, r es East s Superior av. Matthews George E. plumber andgasfitter E. State nr Square, r Morgan e Square Matthews James, lab. r ws Fayette s Richards Matthews L. painter, r ss E. "College e Clay av. Mauchman George, porter, r es Clay av. nr 3d ward school Mauzy George S. printer, r 333 N. Sandy Mauzy George W. brklyr. r 333 N. Sandy Mauzy James B. printer, r 333 N. Sandy Mauzy William W. bkpr. r 333 N. Sandy Maxfield Edward, elk. r Myrtle av. n Inde- pendence av. Maxfield Richard, engineer, r Myrtle av. n Independence av. Maxfield Richard, fireman Insane Asylum May Charles, lab. r Henry e C. & A.R.R. May Charles, lab. r ss E. College av. w Clay av. May F. H. (May & Pohlmann) r N. Main s Independence May Hugo, barber, r es N. Main n Dunlap May H. E. carp, r S. West n Grove May Mrs. weaver, r es S. West s Col- lege May Otto, barber ws Square cor. W. State, r N. Main nr Independent May & Pohlmann (F. H. May and W. Pohl- mann) barbers State e Square Mayer E. boots and shoes ns Square nr Sandy, r East cor. College Mayer Margaret, wid. Frederick, r Howe s Lafayette av. Mayers Emanuel, merchant, r East sw cor. College Mayor H. A. barber, bds. ss College e East Mayfield G. R. tel. opr. r ss State nr R.R. track Mayfield Milton, stock dealer, r ss E. State e RR. Mayfield Rufus, teacher, r ss Franklin e East Mayfield Wellington, mngr. W.U. Tel. co. r ss State nr R.R. track Meany M. H. stonecutter, r Lafayette av. nr. Brown Medcalf Charles E. painter, r College cor. West Mede Charles, shoemkr. S. Main opp P.O. Medley John, teamster Morgan Foundry Medley John A. r W.R.R. e Brown Meehan Maurice, lab. r Sheridan cor. Illinois av. Meek Andrew H. teacher, r eS. East n North Melendy Thomas W. r Prairie sw cor. Jordan Melton J W. elk. r S. Main cor. Richards Mendonsa Joseph, lab. r W.R.R. w Diamond Mendonse J. R. (C. J. Lucas & Co.) r ws N. Main nr Square Mengel Sarah Mrs. r ns E. College av. w East Merrigon John, drayman, r ns E. College av. e East Merrill L. L. elk. r E. State Merriman Anna, cook Insane Asylum Merriman Mary, ironer Insane Asylum Metcalf E. r College cor. West Metcalf Geo. R. carp, r ss North w Brown Metcalf M. L. elk. r North se cor. Fulton Metcalf Samuel M. (Metcalf & Fell) r S. Main n Morton av. Metcalf & Fell (S. M. Metcalf and T. H. Fell) dry goods and millinery, ss Square cor. Sandy METROPOLITAN HOTEL, Mrs. E. Sweney, proprietress. At the junction 506 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. of the T.W.& W., P.P.& J., C.& A., and J.N.W.& S.E. Railways. First-class ac- commodations, $2.00 per day. Dan. Wil- liams, chief elk.; John Carr, night elk. Meyzeek John E. tailor, r S. Main Michaels Theodore, r es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Mickey Jennie, watchwoman Insane Asylum Middleton.G. F. blacksmith, es N. Sandy nr Square, r West sw cor. Lafayette av. Middleton L. E. Mrs. r West cor. Lafayette av. Milburn Ann Mrs. r E. State Milburn Nicholas, oik. Petersburg Coal Co. r ns E. State opp 111. Female College Milburn N. bookkeeper Coal Co. r E. State w Brown Miles E. Mrs. milliner, r ns College av. e West Miles R. W. carp, r ns W. College av e West Milhausen Henry W. cutter, r ss Court e Square Milhausen John A. tailor, r ss Court e Square Miller Benj. carp, r 419 S. West Miller Benjamin J. master mechanic, bds. Sandusky cor. Elm Miller Catherine, wid. Louis, r ss North e East Miller C. D. r East se cor. Superior av. Miller E. T. r East se cor. Superior av. Miller George A. saloon, ss Court e Square Miller George W. gunsmith, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Miller H. J. (Murphy, Miller & Devine) r es East nr Lafayette av. Miller Mathew, elk. r N. Main Miller Thomas, farmer, r ws Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Miller William, elk. r N. Main Milligan H. W. physician, r ws Caldwell n State Mills M. B. Mrs. r 517 Diamond Mimmack William, lab. r Duncan w Fayette Minch Phillip, lab. r Madison e East Minear Solomon, physician, r 328 E. State Mingel Peter, hostler J. R. Mathews Mingle Sarah Mrs. r ss Anna w West Minter John (M. & J. Minter) r ws Clay av. nr. College av. Minter L. G. lab. r ws West s College Minter Mathew (M. & J. Minter) r ss College nr East MINTER M. & J. N. Main n Square mnfrs. of fine boots, shoes and slippers. The amount of work done by this firm, ex- ceeds that of any other similar establish- ment in the city, from the fact that they turn out only first-class work from the best material. Mr. M. Minter has had an ex- perience of over fifteen years in this branch of trade, which fact alone is sufficient guar- antee for the truthfulness of the above as- sertion. Mr. J. M. enlisted in the ist 111. Light Artillery, Battery F, in July, 62, and served until mustered out at the closing of the war. When he came home he went to farming and remained at that till August, 1877, when the above firm was organized Minter Mrs. r rear West n North Miseek , tailor, bds. Kenry Valentine's Mitchell Charles, cook, r ws Square nr Court Mitchell Charles W. carp, r es Clay av. s College Mitchell E. T. carp, r Prairie cor Anna Mitchell James, asst. engineer fire depart- ment, r Brown cor. North Mitchell James, lab. r es Mauvaisterre s Col- lege Mitchell James, lab. r ws Fayette n Richards Mitchell James M. dep. sheriff, r ns Rout Mitchell L. R. teamster, r Edgmon cor. Dia- mond Mitchell R. B. printer, r Court nr West Mitchell William, porter Park hotel Moeller Earnest, foreman Ward Brothers', r N. Diamond s Lafayette av. Monellas Sebastian, lab. r W.R. R. e Pine Monk Geo. carp, r es S Main s Morton av. Montgomery E. elk. r College e Clay av. Montgomery Henry, clerk, r 412 College Montgomery James, carp, r 412 E. College Montgomery J. C. engineer 111. Inst. Blind Montgomery W. H. saddler, r W. Court Moore Belle, cook Insane Asylum Moore Charles, employe Capps' factory, r es Goltra av. n Morton av. Moore Douglas, lab. r ss E. Morgan e East MOORE ENSLEY, journalist, r W. State, was born in Springfield, April i6th, 1846 ; lived ten years in Perry, Pike Co., till July, 1875, when he came to Jackson- ville. Was graduated from Illinois Col- lege in 1868, employed as city editor upon the Daily Journals 1869, and as assist- ant editor of the Jacksonville Independent in 1869-70. In 1870, formed a co-partner ship, in book-binding, with E. Moeller, un- der firm name of Moeller & Moore, and JACKSONVILLE. 507 dissolved partnership in 1871, was elected alderman from the 2d Ward of the city of Jacksonville in 1874, was married Oct. 22d, 1873, to Miss Clara, daughter of the late Rev. G. T. King, D.D., of Jerseyville, 111. Moore M. J. grocer, r es Prairie s Grove Moore S. r North ne cor. Mauvaisterre Moore W. H. H. Rev. pastor Brooklyn M. E. church, r Bissell e S. Main Moore W. J. (W. J. Moore & Co.) r es Prai- rie s Grove Moore W. J. & Co. (W. J. Moore and ) groceries and provisions, ss W. State nr Square Moran Patrick, lab. r Sheridan e C.& A.R.R. Moran William, painter, r Sheridan e C.& A. R.R. Morgan Brewery, H. Ricks, Son & Co. props. north end Main Morgan Foundry, Akers & Russell, props. near R.R. junction Morgan Mary, cook Insane Asylum Morgan M. E. boots and shoes, se cor. Square Moroney C. Mrs. r Hardin av. ne cor. Rout Morris Jennie, vvid. John B. r ns Court e East Morris John B. student, r ns Court e East Morris William, conductor, bds. Metropoli- tan hotel MORRISON ISAAC L. (Morrison, Whitlock & Lippincott) r ss Grove nr Dia- mond Morrison James, physician, r ws Caldwell s Lafayette av. Morrison James, photographer, r e end Col- lege av. Morrison John G. lawyer, ws Square over Ayers' Bank, r ss Rout e C.& A. R.R. Morrison Mattie Miss, teacher, r Mrs. M. J. Morrison Morrison M. J. Mrs. r College cor. Koscius- ko Morrison W. R. stock dealer, r ss E. College av. e Johnson Morrison, Whitlock & Lippincott (I. L. Mor- rison, H. G. Whitlock and J. P. Lippincott) lawyers, State sw cor. West Morrissey D. lab. r Reid & Co.'s brick yard. Morrissey Martin, bds. Court nr East Morse Annie Miss, teacher Deaf and Dumb Asylum, r W. College av. w Prairie MORSE CHARLES M. r 815 W. State, Division Superintendent Chicago & Alton R. R. Was born in Wilton, Me. July '21, 1820. In Wilton he held the office of Town Clerk for several years, when he was chosen a representative in the State Legislature. In 1850 he entered the Treasurer's office of the Main Central (then the A.& K.) Railroad Co. and was con- nected with that corporation for over fifteen years. In 1866 he became Superintendent of the St.Louis, Jacksonville & Chicago R. R., and in 1868, when that line was leaded to the Chicago & Alton R. R. Co., he was appointed to the position he now holds, superintendent of a Division, embracing one hundred and ninety miles of railroad. As a railway manager, he is one of the most successful in the country Morse Mary A. Miss, teacher Deaf & Dumb Asylum, bds. W. College w Prairie Morse William G. attendant Insane Asylum Morton M. E. Mrs. r ss College e Prairie Morton S. M. Rev. pastor Westminster Pres. church, r 1051 W. State Morton William, lab. r ns Anna e Church Mosee George, lab. r ss Richard w S. Main Moseley Frank, clerk, r ss Jordan w Fayette Moseley M. A. Mrs. millinery and hair goods, 3 Conservatory blk. r ns College av. nr West Moseley T. F. supervisor D. & D. Asylum Moseley T. J. r ns College av. nr West Moss W. D. lab. Insane Asylum Motschmann Geo. carp, r es S. West s Grove Mount Celina, chambermaid D. & D. Asylum Mount Elias, mason, r 904 S. Main Mount J. B. bkpr. rgo4 S. Main Mount S. fruit stand, r ss Morgan e East Moxley Wm. lab. r ss Anna e Church Moy Bridget, wid. Edward, r es N. Sandy n railroad Moy James, r es N. Sandy n railroad Munson Ella, ironer Insane Asylum Murphy Albert, lab. r N. Sandy n railroad Murphy Arthur, lab. r es S. West s College Murphy Hugh, lab. r N. Sandy n railroad Murphy James, carp, r es Sharp s College Murphy James, plasterer, bds Illinois av. w. North Murphy James J. (Murphy, Miller & Devine) r es East n Lafayette av. Murphy Jeremiah, drayman, r Centre e Illi- nois av. Murphy John, lab. r Howe cor. Centre MURPHY, MILLER & DE- VINE (James J. Murphy, Henry Miller, 508 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. and David J. Devine) successors to Nich- ols, Grierson & Loar, dealers in stoves, tin- ware, hot air furnaces, roofing, guttering, and all kinds of tin and copper ware; re- paring done with neatness and dispatch, ws Public Square Murphy Peter, bds. Commercial hotel Murphy Sarah, widow Homer, r N. Sandy n R.R. Murphy William, clerk Crassly & Bro. r es Sharp s College Murray George B. r Prairie s Lafayette av. Murray James, cook Insane Asylum Murray James, lab. r ss Franklin e Clay av. Murray Matthew, lab. Insane Hospital, r ss E. College e Mauvaisterre Myers Annie, wid. Frank, r West s Lafayette av. Myers Benjamin, painter, r West n North Myers George E clerk Insane Asylum MYERS J. H. es Square nr Court, r North cor. Fulton, manufacturer and deal- er in all kinds of cigars, tobacco and smo- kers' articles. Mr. M. manufactures the famous Magnolia, which has a wide reputa- tion; also the Bird, and several other stand- ard brands "VJ AGLE Frank, laborer r es N. Main n ^ Dunlap Nagle Frederick, carp, r es N. Main n Dun- lap Nance Richard A. sewing machines, r ws Diamond n North Naughton Mary Miss, cook 111. Inst. Blind Needham Ellen Mrs. r Lafayette av. w West Neely J. retired, r ns W. State e Church Neil J. C. saddles and harness, ss Court e Square, r East Neissen F. cutter, bds. Park house Nelegar Joseph, keeper Stock Yards, r Henry e C. & A. R.R. ' Nellis George L. (Bronson, Mathers & Nellis) r ss College av. nr Clay av. Nelson Andrew, porter Insane Asylum Nelson E. N. supervisor Insane Asylum Nelson Andrew P. lab. r Short n Walnut Nevius H. V. D., DD. pastor Bates church, r ns W. State e Sandusky New England Mutual Life Insurance Co. A. N. McDonald, agt. ns W. State nr Square Newhouse James, cook Insane Asylum New York Dining Rooms, M. H. Carroll, proprietor, ws Square nr Court Newman W. r ss E. State w Johnson Nichols S. W. (Clendenon & Nichols) r 709 W. College Nimens E. S. shoemaker, r E. College e East Nimens John S. shoemkr. r E. College e East Noble School Furniture Co. A. N. McDon- ald, agt. ns W. State nr Square Noonan Michael, lab. r West s Lafayette av. Norberry Christine, chambermaid Insane Asy- lum Norberry Hilda, waiter Insane Asylum Norris Archibald, teamster, r Kosci sko cor. Anna Norris A. Mrs. r Prairie se cor. Anna Norris A. J. night watchman Blind Asylum, r 628 E. State Norris Francis Mrs. cook Oak Lawn Retreat Norris Lizzie Miss, clerk R. Bolinger, r ns Court w Square Norris Mary A. r Prairie cor. Anna Norris Mattie Miss, attendant Oak Lawn Retreat North Willus, hostler D. and D. Asylum Northwestern Mutual Life Ins Co. of Mil- waukee, C. A. Catlin, agent, ns W. State i Ayers' block Norton James, lab. r Railroad e Howe Nullis Geo. merchant, 1420 E. College av. Nunes Joaquin, lab. r Freedman cor. Dia- mond Nunes John, farmer, r ws Voorhees n Inde- pendence av. Nunes John, lab. r Independence av. n P.P. &J. R.R. Nunes John, marblecutter, r Independence av. n P.P. & J. R.R. Nunes Joseph, woodsawyer, r Freedman w Diamond Nunis Christian, lab. r Diamond s W.R.R. Nutting T. D. Prof. Conservatory, r es Clay av. s College Nye - , artist (with Clark) bds. E. Met- calf's LAWN RETREAT, Dr. ^^ Andrew McFarland, proprietor, E. Mor- gan av. (See history page 408) Oakes Royal, farmer, bds. Mrs. Turley's Ogden Thomas, lab. r ws Prairie s Lafayette av. O'Brien Charles, teamster, r East n Michi- gan av. O'Connell Annie Miss, milliner, r Main nr Court JACKSONVILLE. 509 O'Connell John, r ws N. Main nr. Square O'Connell Michael, carp. bds. ws N. Main n R.R. O'Connell Richard, prison keeper, r ns Court e Square O'HALLORAN J. J. REV. pas- tor Church of our Savior (Catholic) ns State w Brown, r Court nw cor. Brown Ohler B. elk. r East s College av. Oliver C. C. bricklayer, r Independence av. n C.& A.R.R. Oliver W. A. salesman J. Capps & Son, r Church s Lafayette av. Oliverson John, sexton, r ns Court w Fulton Olmsted L S. engineer, r North ne cor, Brown Onellis Joseph, lab. r W.R.R. w Diamond Onellis Moses, cigarmaker, r W.R.R. w Dia- mond Opper Peter, porter 111. Female College Opperman Robt. barber, bds. 428 S. Main OBEAB WILLIAM HON. is a na- tive of Frederick County, Virginia. He was born Dec. 24, 1795 ; his father, Ben- jamin Orear, was a native of the " Old Dominion," and was born in 1768, and in that State received his early education. His father was born in Virginia, and his grandfather at Bordeaux, France, the latter being; one of the early pioneers of Virginia. Mr. Benjamin Orear, at an early age, was married to Miss Elizabeth Irwin, daughter of William Irwin, who was a native of Pennsylvania, though at an early age he became a resident and citizen of Virginia. His ancestors were Scotch. To Benjamin Orear and wife was born a family of ten children, only one of whom is now living. William Orear is the eldest child of that family. A few years after his marriage, Mr. Orear emigrated, with his wife and infant son, to Clark County, Kentucky, and after a time, permanently settled near Boonsboro, in that section known as the "dark and bloody ground" where for along time, Colonel Daniel Boone, the brave pioneer settler, struggled for existence against the Indians. In making his trip, Mr. Orear passed down the Ohio River, from Pittsburg, in a small flatboat, landing at a place since known as Limestone. They being early settlers, and the country in a wild and almost primitive state, had many hardships and inconveniences to endure. T Mr. Orear and his wife emigrated to Mor- gan County, Illinois, about 1834 or 1835, and came to the house of their son William, who had previously settled in the county. Mrs. Orear died in 1836, at the house of William Orear, and her husband survived her till 1862. His death occurred at the residence of his son, George Orear, near Jacksonville. Two brothers of William Orear, sr., grandfather of the subject of this sketch, Daniel and Enoch Orear, were with General Roger Clark, in his western expedition against the Indians, in the ter- ritories of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Mis- souri, which were then Spanish possessions. After the trouble with the Indians had been quelled, they returned to their home in Virginia. The mother of Wm. Orear, jr., was a descendant of the numerous and influential family of Chambers, who were among the early pioneers of eastern Penn- sylvania. Many of the family afterward settled in Kentucky. Such is the brief his- tory of the lineal descent of the wife and family of Benjamin Orear. Mr. William Orear, like other boys of that day who were raised on a farm in Kentucky, had but poor facilities for obtaining an educa- tion ; yet by assiduously applying his spare time from labor, he was enabled to acquire a good knowledge of mathematics and other branches, and during life he has been an attentive and deep thinker, thereby contin- ually adding to his store of knowledge, till we find him a gentleman of liberal and ex- tensive views on the great topics of the day. Until his marriage, Mr. Orear's time was employed in teaching, principally in Ken- tucky, but two or three years in Missouri. On becoming thirty years of age, he was united in marriage to Miss Maria T. Saw- yer, daughter of Daniel Sawyer, a native of New York, and his wife of Connecti- cut. Mr. Sawyer and wife, immediately after their marriage, settled in North Car- olina, in what is familiarly known as the "Jumper Lumber Regions," and was there engaged in shipping lumber, until his death; after which, the family moved to Peters- burg, Indiana, and there Mr. Orear became acquainted with the lady whom he married, as above stated. Mrs. Orear was born in North Carolina, August 16, 1805. Her family were descended from the old PurU 510 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. tan stock of the New England colonies. They were married on the i8th of March, 1825, and on the I3th of April following, Mr. Orear and wife settled in Morgan County, Illinois, for a short time obtaining shelter in a cabin of one of the old settlers, until he could build one for himself. He immediately settled on some land which he commenced to improve, and fenced a large farm, and two or three years after, when the land was brought into market, he pur- chased what he had improved, and consid- erable other land beside. He early be- came largely interested in stock growing and dealing, and at the writing of this he is prominent among the larger landholders of Morgan County. When he came to Illinois he made the trip on horseback, from Indiana, bringing his young bride by the same mode of conveyance; and all his wealth, which he says was but limited, was contained in his saddlebags. But, being young, energetic, and full of determina- tion, these seemingly ad verse circumstances did not intimidate him. With that perse- verance, industry, and integrity, so char- acteristic of the old settlers, he set about to acquire property and a position in society, and he has achieved a success scarcely second to any in Morgan County. The acquisition of his large property is. under the blessing of Providence, simply the result of his own individual and un- aided exertions. Mr. Orear is a large stockholder, and president of the Jackson- ville National Bank. In politics he early became a member of the Whig party, and an admirer of its great champion, Henry Clay, with whom, for a number of years, he was personally acquainted, having been raised in close proximity to the home of the illustrious statesman. Mr. Orear was elected from Morgan County, to a seat in the Senate of Illinois, as the nominee of the Whig party, and during that term Ste- phen A. Douglas was a member of the lower house as representative from Mor- gan County. Col. John J. Harding was also a member of that legislature, Morgan County then having six representatives. Abraham Lincoln was also a member dur- ing the same term. There were three ses- sions during the senatorial term, and Mr. Orear filled the position with honor to him- self and satisfaction to his constituents. Previous to being elected Senator he was twice elected Sheriff of Morgan County. When the Whig party was disorganized, and the Republican party formed, he was among the first to become an advocate of its principles ; and during the great rebel- lion he was earnest and active in support- ing the government. Mr. Orear is a firm and enthusiastic Republican. His first vote was given for John Quincy Adams, since which he has voted at every presidential election. He always voted for Henry Clay whenever he was a candidate ; he also voted for Harrison, Taylor, Fremont, and twice for Abraham Lincoln, and twice for U. S. Grant. Mr. Orear served in the Black Hawk war. Mr. and Mrs. Orear had a family of three children ; their daughter, Frances Delia Orear, is the only one now living. Mrs. Orear died at their residence, July 22, 1830. Her husband re- mained a widower till Nov. 17, 1846, when he was married the second time, to Miss Lena M. Eades, daughter of Horatio H. Eades, formerly of Bourbon County, Ken- tucky, though at the time of their marriage, the parents of Miss Eades were residing in Morgan County. Their original ances- tors were English. Mr. Orear and his wife and daugter are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a prominent patron and trustee of the Illinois Female College. Mrs. Orear's parents settled in Morgan County in the fall of 1834. Ser- geant Champ (a man of extraordinary cool- ness and decision of character), who was selected by General Washington to perform the difficult task of the capture of Benedict Arnold, after his treason, was an uncle of the mother of the present Mrs. Orear, though the history of the times will show that the adventure was an unsuccessful one, and to prevent the probable capture of the brave sergeant, General Washington took him out of the ranks, and he afterward em- igrated to Kentucky. Of such patriotic blood is the present wife of the subject of this brief biography. Mr. Orear needs no eulogy at our hind, for as farmer, banker, and citizen, he is well known to the people of Morgan County, and his life and works speak plainly for themselves. In him we find an example of the truly self-made man. JACKSONVILLE. 511 Ornellas John, elk. r Pine nr T.W.R.R. Orsborne John N. stock dealer, r 708 E. State Osborne D. W. elk. bds. se cor. Square Osborne D. W. jr. salesman, bds. J. T. Os- borne Osborne J. H. (Osborne & Knowles) r W. State one mile beyond limits Osborne J. T. salesman, r es East n Brook Osborne R. T. stock dealer, r 1038 W. State Osborne S. B. elk. r ns State w Prairie Osborne & Knowles (J. H. Osborne and J. B. Knowles) carpets, mattings, oil cloths, wall paper, etc. es Square nr Morgan Osterholt Harmon, wagonmaker, r West n North Osswald John C. saloon, es N. Sandy nr Square, r ws West nr North Ousley Wm. lab. r ss E. College e C.& A.R.R pADGETT T. MISS, teacher, bds. Mrs. McLaughlin's Page Aaron, lab. r ws N. Main n R.R. Palmer Alexander C. (Palmer & Cox) r ns Court nr Church Palmer Henry, carp, r ws East n Brooklyn chuich Palmer H. H. (Palmer & Doan) r College av. Palmer James H. (J. H. Palmer & Co.) r ws Prospect nr Grove Palmer J. H. & Co. (James H. Palmer and A. H. Sturtevant) furniture, ws Square cor. Court Palmer Ruth M. Mrs. visitor's attendant D. and D. Asylum Palmer & Cox (A. C. Palmer and J. Cox) wines, liquors, and cigar mnfrs. ns W. State nr Square Palmer & Doan (H. H. Palmer and F. M. Doan) insurance, loan and real estate agts. ns Square nr Main Paradice Alfred, r 308 W. College Paradice C. W. (Paradice & McCool) r ns College nr West Paradice Frank, printer, r 308 W. College Paradice Kate Miss, milliner, r College nr West Paradice & McCool (C. W. Paradice and J. W. McCool) confectionery, ns W. State nr Square Pardue , night watch D. and D. Asylum, r Turner Place Paris Henry, porter Loar & Grierson, r Col- lege cor. Prairie Park Charles A. artist, bds. Dunlap house PARK HOTEL, Capt. Smith (trade mark) prop, is located on the Public Square. 8000 commercial men were entertained at this hotel the past twelve months Parker D lab. r ss Anna w West Parker Harriet, chambermaid D. and D. Asylum Parker H. C. Mrs. r 334 Hardin av. Parker Wm. H. shoemaker, r 334 Hardin av. Parks Ann Mrs. r ss E. College e C.& A. R.R. Parks Unice, supervisoress Insane Asylum Patridge James, barber' Watson & Starks* Patridge Lucy Mrs. hairdresser, r ns Court w Square Patterson C. A. barber, r West cor. Anna Patterson Francis Mrs. r 515 S. West Patterson Henry, lab. r 515 S. West Patterson John S. blacksmith, r es N. Sandy nR.R. Patterson J. March (Wadsworth & Patterson) r E. College av. w Hardin av. Patterson L. A. elk. r es East s College Patterson M. Mrs. r ns Grove e Church Patterson Wm. lab. r 515 S. West Patterson Wm. elk. r Fayette cor. Grove Patterson Wm. Capt. liniment mnfr. ns W. Main nr Square Paxton George R. elk. r North ne cor. Fulton Pearson Sarah Mrs. r es Prairie s Grove Pearson W. B. bookbinder ss Morgan nr Sandy, r es Prairie s College Pearcy Perry, dept. sheriff, r ss E. College av. nr city limits Pechloeffel Henry, blksmth. r ns Court w West Peck Eben, florist ss W. State, r S. Prospect Peck F. ret. r ns E. State Pegram Mary A. Miss, preceptress Illinois Female College Peira Joseph, lab. r N. Diamond n W.R.R. PENNSYLVANIA HOUSE, J. S. Sierer prop., Sandy n Square. Transient rates $1.00 per day. Mr. S. was born in Cumberland Co., Pa., September 15, 1826, and came to Jacksonville December 16, 1849; was elected sheriff of Morgan Co. in the Fall of 1868; was married July 23, 1854, to Miss Margaretta Black, also of Cumberland Co., Pa., where she was born March 31, 1834. Mr. S. has only recently opened this hotel, which was formerly known as the " Commercial." The fathers 512 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. of both Mr. and Sierer were both well known hotel men East, where they ac- quired a knowledge of the business Perry Henry, auctioneer, r Mauvaisterre n North Perry , collr. r es Hardin av. n Henry Peters Emanuel, farmer, r rear es N. Main n Independence av. Petersburg Coal Co. office E. State e C. & A. R.R. Preston Spates, agt. Peterson Charles, lab. Insane Hospital, r Michigan av. e East Peterson N. lab. Reed & Co.'s brick yard Peterson Robert, lab. Petre William, carp. bds. B. W. Gunn's Petrie Eliza Miss, physician, r Mrs. M. E. Morton's Pfolsgroff Philip, carp. bds. ws Main n R.R. Pheifenburger Ellen, wid. George, r N. 'West n R.R. Phelan Thomas, elk. bds. West cor. Morgan Phelan Thomas, elk. bds. David Cole's Phelps C. C. (J. Gill & Co.) bds. Dunlap house Phillips Aaron, teamster, r es N. Main n In- dependence av. Phillips A. L. Mrs. r ws Yates n North Phillips F. W. Dr. supt 111. Inst. for the edu- cation of the blind Phillips J. A. machinist Morgan Foundry Phillips George, med. student, r Blind Asylum Phillips Henry, blacksmith, r ws East s Ken- tucky Phillips L. J. Mrs. matron 111. Inst. Blind Phillips William M. elk. r ns Court e East Phillips W. S. elk. 111. Inst. Blind Piepenbring Charles, grocer N. Main ne cor. Dunlap Pierce John, stonectr. r Caldwell n W.R.R. Piercy William P. dep. sheriff, r College av. e C. & A.R.R. Pierson Jeremiah, justice of the peace ns Square nr Main, r Court nr West Pires Emanuel, r W.R.R. w Diamond Pitner T. J. physician 209 W. College av. Pitta George, lab. r Pine n R.R. Platt Alex, mason, r Rout cor. Brooklyn av. Platt Wesley, mason, r ss East end Bissel Pleasant Henry, lab. bds. Nathan Reed's Plower John, shoemkr. r ss E. Morgan e East Plows John W. lab. r Centre e Illinois av. PofTenbarger F. (Johnson & Co.) r Jordan se cor. Fayette Pohlmann W. (May & Pohlmann) r E. Mor- gan nr East Police Department, C. O. Sperry, chief, ns Court e Square Polland R. painter, r ws Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Porten George (G. Porten & Co.) r 324 E. College Porten G. & Co. (G. Porten and ) mer. tailors ws Main opp. P.O. Post-Office, D. M. Simmons, P. M. es S-Main s Square Powers Albert, r College av. nr Clay av. Powers Bridget Mrs. r Clay av. ne cor. Wol- cott Powers James, engineer, r Wolcott se cor. Clay av. Powers James, lab. r Morton av. sw cor.West Powers Mrs. r Bedwell n Lafayette av. Powers O. ret. r 1108 W. State Powers , painter, r ns E. College av. e East Poznanski J. B. Prof, teacher Music Con- servatory, r College cor. Kosciusko Pratt Albert, elk. bds. C. McClain's Pratt Ann C. wid. Charles H. r Church nw cor. North Pratt George C. bkpr. r Church nw cor. North Pratt Horace M. elk. r Sandusky cor. Elm Pratt Lewis H. elk. bds. Sandusky cor. Elm Preira Henry Rev. pastor rst Pres. (Port.) church, r s end Prairie PRESBYTERIAN FEMALE ACADEMY, Church bet. State and College av. Prof E. F. Bullard, prin. (See History, page 385) Preston S. plasterer, bds. A. H. Jones' Price Charles, watchmaker J. M. Fox Price Ed S. clerk, r State cor. Clay av. Price George W. lab. r N. Sandy n railroad Price M. N. (T. D. Price & Co.) r ns College av. w Hardin Price P. B. r ns E. State Price T. D. (T. D: Price & Co.) r Carrrolton PRICE T. D. & CO. (T. D. Price, H. L. Clay, G. E. Doying, and M. N. Price) job printers, book-binders, and pubs. Illinois Courier, ns W. State nr Square Price Ward, bkpr. First Nat. bank, r State cor. Clay av. PRINCE DAVID DR. prop. Sani- tarium, ws Sandy s Square, r State cor. Fayette JACKSONVILLE. 513 Prince A. E. surgeon and oculist, ws Sandy s Square Probst Christian, clerk, r es Main nr Inde- pendence av. Ptaszyk J. R. piano tuner, ws Sandy nr Col- lege av. Punton John, apothecary Insane Asylum Pyatt B. (B. Pyatt & Son) r ns Court nr Church PYATT B. & SON, wholesale and re- tail dealers in tobacco, and manufacturers of fine cigars; Lady Clare brand a specialty; ws Public Square Pyatt Douglas, clerk, r ns Court nr Church Pyatt J. C. (B. Pyatt & Son) r ns North nr Yates Pyatt Richard S. cigar mkr. bds. ns Court nr Church QUARLES J. T. salesman, r ns W. Col- lege av. cor. West Quintal Josepher, wid. Joseph, r Diamond n. Freedman ID ABBIT MICHAEL, teamster, r ns La- fayette av. e Clay av. Rabbit Peter, teamster, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. RAGAN JOHN M. lawyer, office Court House, r S. Main. Commenced to study law with Judge Kirby in 1873, and was admitted to practice Jan. 7, 1877 Ragdale Franklin, carp, r es East s Kentucky Ragsdale Mary D. attendant Insane Asylum Rahe J. C. r es Yates n North Ramsey John W. horse trader, r ws N. Main n North Ramsey Joseph, music teacher, bds. H. C. Fuller's Rand Charles, boarding-house, r Mauvais- terre cor. Madison Randall M. C. Mrs. r 511 Diamond Randerson John, lab. r ns E.College e Clay av. Randolph Moses, barber, bds. S. McAllister's Ransdell Eli C. carp, r W. College av. e West Ransford David, lab. r ns Dunlap w Clay av. Ransom James, farmer, r ns Jordan e Fayette Rapp Charles, harnessmkr. r 29 S. East Rapp John, employe 111. Inst. Blind RAPP MICHAEL, harness maker, Morgan se cor. Square, Plait's blk. r 29 S. East. Was the son of Michael and Susan Rapp, natives of Pennsylvania, where the subject of this sketch was born, Feb. 22, 1815. At an early age he became appren- ticed to the trade of harness maker. At twenty-one years of age, possessed of an adventurous disposition, he wended his way to Illinois, and settled in Jacksonville, and entered into a co-partnership with M. Stacy for the manufacture of saddles and harness. About this time in his business venture Mr. R. would willingly have re- turned to his native place, but was com- pelled to remain on account of his capital being down to zero. For seven years Mr. Stacy remained a member of the firm, and then retired from active business. For nearly thirty-eight years Mr. R. has been a successful business man and an upright citizen of J., who has witnessed many im- portant changes since his arrival, and who in early days formed a cordial friendship for Abraham Lincoln, Stephen A Douglas, and others. At one time in his business career, Mr. R. transferred the business to the hands of his son, who entered the army, and there contracted sickness which resulted in his death Rapp M. D. harnessmkr. r 29 S. East Rapp Thomas H. bkpr. r 29 S. East Rataichak Anton, yardman, r ns College w West Ratekin Wm. justice of the peace, r es Har- din av. n Henry Rathwell E. D. jailor, r County Jail Rawlings Isaac, clothing, ws Square nr State, bds. State cor Prairie Rawlings Daniel W. clerk, r College above Prairie Rawlings R. D. mer. r ns W. State w Prairie Raybuck John F. teacher, r es N. Main n Dunlap Rayburn James, barber, ns Court w Square, r Church cor. Grove Raymond James, barber, r ns W. Grove w. Church Raynor Wm. r ws Hardin n Chambers Read A. lab. bds. Nathan Reed's Read Frank, teacher, r es Sandusky n State Read J. V. (Goltra & Read) r S. Main beyond limits REID NEWTON W. brickmaker, r S. Main; born in Morgan County, Aug. 8, 1848. His father Geo. W., came from Kentucky, to this State, and in 1840; married " Martha E. Williams," the chil- dren by this marriage were: W. T. Reid, 514 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. now Supt. of Schools, in San Francisco; John E. Reid, in business in Orange, California. N. W., the subject of this sketch, and Geo. W. Reid, lawyer, in Orange, California; these young men all received a liberal education, and on the attainment of their majority, began busi- ness, each for himself. Newton was en- gaged in farming and cattle shipping, for a number of years. Married Feb. 2, 1875, to Miss Louise, daughter of Thos. Mc- Connell, of Bushnell; she died June 27, 1867. Mr. Reid, in 1877, formed a co- partnership with Messrs. Tendick & Kes- pohl, in the manufacturing of brick; dur- ing the first year they made two and a half million brick, for which they found ready sale; the firm still continues. Mr. R. resides with his mother; his father died in 1850 Read V. Mrs. r es S. Main n Bissell Rearick Mrs. r ns W. State e Kosciusko Recorder's office J. N. Marsh, Court House Rector James, attendant Insane Hospital, r Michigan av. e East Redmond Daniel, carp, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Redmond Dennis, elk. r Lafayette av. nr Clay av. Redmond Dennis, lab. r Sheridan e Illinois av. Redmond James, carp, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Redmond James D. tinsmith r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Redmond John, elk. r E. Lafayette av. Redmond Martin, bricklayer, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Reed Albert, farmer, r ss W. Morgan w West Reed Franklin, prof. D. and D. Asylum Reed Nathan, lab r ws Goltra av. s Cham- bers Rees Edwin, physician, r ss Rout e C. A. R.R. Reese Maria, wid. Sidney, r Court ne cor. East Refine Tony, r ss Lafayette av. w. Diamond Refine Tony D. baker, boards Diamond s Freedman Regan Edward, peddler, r Clay av. n W. R.R. Reichman Charles, physician 220 W. Court Reid Enoch S. farmer, r Church cor North Reid George, farmer, r Church cor. North Reid James, r Church cor. North Reid John B. A. farmer, r ns North w Dia- mond Reid N. W. (G. Tendick, Kespohl & Reid) r. S. Main nr Asylum Reid Richard W. lawyer, ns Square nr Sandy, r North ne cor. Church Reid Sarah E. Miss, r es Clay av. s Frank- lin Reid Stephen H. justice of the peace, ns Square nr Sandy, r North ne cor. Church Reidy Michael, ws East n Dunlap Reighmann Frederick, binder Ward Broth- ers Reilly James, lab. r ws N. Main n R.R. Reilly James W. janitor, bds. ss North nr Sandy Reinbach Louis, r ss Morgan e Square Reiner George (H. Ricks, Son & Co.) r n end Main Reinhard E. L. elk. bds. es Clay av. Reinhart August Rev. r ns Court e Church Renton Mary Mrs. r ns E. Morgan e East Reuter -Daniel, cigarmaker, r Broadway nr Lafayette av. Reuter Fred, cigarmaker, r Broadway nr La- fayette av. Reynolds Charles B. prof. 111. College, bds. Chas. Rockwell's REYNOLDS RALPH, retired farm- er. A prominent citizen of Jacksonville; was the youngest of a family of four chil- dren. Parents of Mr. Reynolds were Ralph and Sarah, whose maiden name was Rody; they were natives of England, where the subject of this sketch was born near Liverpool in 1821. Receiving a liberal education he became apprenticed to a wagon maker. While quite young his mother died, and in 1833 he accompanied his father to America; from New Orleans, on arrival, the little party of emigrants, father daughter, and two sons, took passage up the Mississippi, and located in Morgan County, near Jacksonville, where farm property was purchased. Mr. R. died shortly after arrival in Morgan County, at Jacksonville. Ralph, the honored gentle- man of whom we here make mention, was in his sixteenth year on arrival of the family in America. Working at above mentioned trade a short time he moved to Iowa before attaining his majority and became a miner. JACKSONVILLE. 515 Crossing the plains for California in 1849, ' he became a successful dealer in gold dust. In this trip he was accompanied by his ; wife and two children. Remaining six years in the Golden State he returned to England. The year 1861 found him again bon voyage for America. Taking up his residence in Morgan County, where he became the owner of a magnificent farm property, also the owner of one of the finest residences in Jacksonville. A more live, energetic man than Ralph Reynolds it would be a hard matter to find. Mrs. Reynolds was born in England in 1826. The daughter of Thomas C. Rout. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds was blessed with nine children, eight are living: Thos. C., Ralph B., Richard C., Charles, Sarah J., Frances A., Elizabeth E., and Mary E. Reynolds W. R. physician and surgeon ne cor. Square Rhoads Rosanna, wid. Joshua, r Prairie sw cor. Reed Rice Henry, carp, r es Hardin av. s Ken- tucky Rice Julius lab. r Mauvaisterrenr North A Rice W. D. shoemaker, r Hardin av. Richards Jacob, teamster, r ss Morgan nr West Richards M. Mrs. r East ne cor. Kentucky Richards W. H. elk. r North cor. West Richardson B. B. Mrs. r es Clay av. s Frank- lin Richardson J. W. (McGhee & Richardson) bds. Clay av. s Morton av. RICHARDSON WILLIAM, 517 W. State Street, Jacksonville. Born in Scarborough, Yorkshire, England, April 13, 1814. He was the sixth child of John and Elizabeth Richardson, of Yorkshire, Eng- lanp; emigrated to this country with his father and family of five children (his brother, Vincent, coming the year before) in 1831, and arrived in Morgan County, Oct. 22d, of that year, and settled where his son Peter D., now resides. Mr. Rich- ardson's father bought and entered land enough to make one section (640 acres) besides his timber land; his father died May 12, 1856, and his mother died Nov. 6, 1862, aged eighty-eight years. Under Mr. Richardson's able and industrious man- agement, this wild, prairie land has become a beautifully improved and fertile farm. The subject of this sketch received his early education in England. Married in the Spring of 1841, to Anne, daughter of William and Mary Rawlings, of Morgan County formerly from Yorkshire, Eng- land born May 3, 1819; the fruits of this union has been ten children, eight of whom are still living : Mary Jane, resid- ing with her parents, Elizabeth, now Mrs. Hayden, of the firm of Russell & Hay- den, Jacksonville. Rachel, now Mrs. Isaac Lazenby, of Morgan County; Peter D., living on the old homestead, Naples road; Emma, wife of Henry Oaks, Bluff City, Scott County; Harriet Ann, now Mrs. James Ranson, Morgan County; Eliza, now Mrs. Thomas Ford, Greene County; Sarah Ellen, resides with her parents; Anne and Clara are deceased. Mr. Richardson was formerly a Whig, but is now a firm Republi- can, and sustained the flag of the Union by a good home influence, during the late rebellion. He is an upright, Christian man, and his house has ever been open to the pioneer preacher, of the Meth. Epis. church, many of whom remember him with a lively interest; through his influence was founded two M. E. churches, one of which is now used as a school-house. Mr. R. has been a director of the Jacksonville National Bank, since its first organization in 1870 Richmond Jennie C. elk. r es Main nr Ken- tucky Richmond W. elk. bds. W. Cully's Richmond W. R. attendant Insane Asylum Ricks Henry (H. Ricks, Son & Co.) r north end Main Ricks Henry jr. (H. Ricks, Son & Co.) r north end Main RICKS H. SON & CO. (Henry Ricks sr., Henry Ricks jr., and George Reiner) manufacturers of lager beer, and dealers in hops, barley and malt; end North Main, near city limits. All orders promptly filled Ricks John Mrs. saloon ss W. State nr Square, r Court cor. West Rider William H. clerk, r W. College av. Rife J. W. carp, r ws S. Main s College Rife Samuel, jeweler Dayton & Russell, r S. Main Rigs Kate, waiter D. and D. Asylum Riley Daniel, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. 516 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Riley James W. janitor Court House Ring J. M. pumpmaker State nw cor. East, r es Clay av. n Morton av. Rippon Geo. carp, r es S. Main s Morton av. Rockwell Charles, ret. r ns W. State w Prairie Rockwell Eliza A. teacher D. and D. Asylum Rockwell Frances, teacher D. and D. Asylum Rockwell William, hardware and druggist ns Square nr Main Robb J. Flem, clerk, bds. Dunlap house Roberts Elizabeth, wid. Thomas, r West cor. Lafayette av. Roberts Katy Miss, r West cor. Lafayette av. Roberts Robert, carp, r es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Roberts Theo. cook, r ws Clay av. n Brook Robertson B. Mrs. r 514 S. West Robertson John, vice-pres. Jacksonville Nat. bank, r Lafayette av. n Caldwell Robertson John J. r ns W. State e Church ROBINSON FRANK, livery, sale, board, and feed stables, Old Mansion house barn, North Main cor. North street. Keeps constantly on hand double and single rigs. t Horses bought and sold on commission, and boarded and properly cared for, at rea- sonable rates. Best quality of hay for sale by the ton or load Robinson John, farmer, r ss Lafayette av. w Caldwell Robinson Thomas, hostler N. Main cor.North Robinson WiLiam, lab. bds. Commercial hotel Robinson William D. bricklayer, r ws N. M in n Independence av. ROCKWELL WILLIAM, ns Square nr Main. General dealer in drugs, paints, oils, glass, hardware, cutlery, nails, axes, spades, etc. Prescriptions carefully compounded. Garden imple- ments of all kinds, a large assortment kept constantly on hand. Mr. R. is the exclu- sive agent here for U.S. Tea Company's teas, and H.W. John's asbestos material Rodgers John, grocer es Mauvaisterre n Square Rodgers J. B. harnessmaker, r W.R.R. w Dia- mond Rodgers William, harnessmaker, r Morgan e Square Rodinghammer J. cigarmaker, r Diamond end College Rodrigues Joseph, lab. r W.R.R. e Pine Rodrigues Emanuel, lab. r Independence aV. nC.&A.R.R. Rodrigues Joseph jr. marblecutter, r W.R.R. e Pine Roedersheimer Jacob, cigarmaker, bds. Main nr North Roemerman W. H. (W. H. Roemerman & Co.) r Fayette cor. Adams Roemerman W. H. & Co. (W. H. Roemerman and ) cigars and tobacco S. Main, P.O. block Rogers James L. engineer, r ns Rout near city limits Rogers Jesse B. harnessmaker W. S. Snyder Rogers Wm. O. harnessmaker, r ns E. Mor- gan w Mauvaisterre Roland L. Mrs. r W. College av. cor. Dia- mond Rollmann Louis J. gunsmith, bds. Lum's restaurant Romerman Lou Mrs. r 322 N. West Roney Ella, chambermaid Insane Asylum Rose Emanuel, lab. r W.R.R. w Diamond Ross C. E. insurance agt. r es Prairie n Anna Ross L. B. mason, r Clay av. s Morton av. Ross William J. r Lafayette av. e Sandusky Ross William N. r Lafayette av. e Sandusky Rothwell A. H. turnkey jail, bds. Main cor. College Rottger J. (Becker, Rottger & Degen) r Col- lege av. e R.R. track Rountree Thomas, barber ws N. Main nr Square, r Church nr Brook Roundtree Thomas, barber, r ss Anna w West Rourke Michael, shoemaker, r West n R.R. Routt Ann Mrs. r ss. E. State opp Blind Asylum Routt Charles L. farmer, r Mrs. Ann Routt's Rowe David, miner, r Railroad cor. Howe Rowe David E. r Railroad cor. Howe Rowe John C. r Railroad cor. Howe Rowe P. lab. r Reid & Go's brick yard Rowland Lowe Mrs. r College av. se cor. Diamond Rucker E. R. restaurant, ss Square nr Mau- vaisterre, r ws Main nr Morton av. Rucker Wm. agt. r es Goltra av. n Morton av. Ruick Lizzie, laundress Pres. Female Acad- emy Rule Aaron, carp, r ns Anna e Church Rull Wm. carp, r es Prairie s Anna Runkle Fred, butcher, r ws Clay av. s Col- lege JACKSONVILLE. 517 Runkel Edward, elk. r ws Clay av. s College Runkel Robert, butcher, r Clay av. s College Russel Andrew, salesman, r Mound av. w Park Russel A. jr. bookkeeper Jack. Nat. Bank, r College av. cor. Prospect Russel George S. (J. S. & G. S. Russel) r 826 W. College av. Russel John S. (J. S. & G. S. Russel) r Park cor. Mound av. RUSSEL J. S. & G. S. dealers in lumber, lath, doors, sash, blinds, etc. No. 512 N. Main nrW.R.R. This firm is one of the oldest lumber houses in the State, having been established and doing business at this stand since 1852. They are the leading merchants in the lumber business in this section RUSSEL WM. At times it is a difficult task to follow, step by step, the successive stages of life of those who have taken a leading position in life. The Russels are of Scotch origin, all comfortably situated in life. Andrew and Agnes Russel, pa- rents of Wm. Russel, were natives of Roth- say, Scotland, where William was born and grew up on the old homestead. In 1833 the Russels stepped on board a sailing ves- sel bound for America. By way of Spring- field, 111., they made their way into Morgan Co. Andrew Russel entered a large tract of land and became a very successful farmer. The subject of this notice received a classi- cal education in Scotland ; at twenty-eight he married Miss Emily Gallaher, daughter of Wm. Gallaher, a native of Kentucky, who moved to Illinois in its early settle- ment. Mr. Russel was in very comfortable circumstances compared to many that first made a home in the west. No man is bet- ter known in the early days of Jacksonville. First opening the largest store for the sale of China ware, boots, shoes, hardware, groceries, etc., strictly honorable in all business transactions, he went steadily for- ward to a successful career. A number of years ago he built the store he now occu- pies on the west side of the Square, and made a purchase of a large business house. The Russel estate comprises over 5,000 acres of land ; in addition to a part of this Wiliiam owns a great deal of city property. This family was among the nobility of Scotland. RUSSEL & HAYDEXS (William Russel, George and Alfred Hayden) dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, and im- porters and sole agents for the United States for Edwinson C. Green's breech and muzzle-loading guns, manufactured at Chel- tenham, Eng. This make of guns are unsur- passed in material, workmanship, durabili- ty and shooting qualities ; they have won for themselves a world wide reputation, having shown their superiority wherever tested. At the international gun trial in New York, in 1873, they stood first, sec- ond and third ; at the field trial, London, England, in 1875, they made the highest aggregate score ; also making the best sin gle shot over all the competitors ; beating sixty-two out of sixty-eight of the best ma- kers in Great Britain. They are offered to the sportsmen of America, with the assur- ance that there is none better made, and at prices within the reach of the masses of sportsmen. Russell Andrew, r ss Mound av. w Park Russell Annie, waiter Insane Asylum Russell Colridge, attendant Insane Asylum Russell C. H. (Dayton & Russell) bds. Dim- lap house Russell E. Miss, r Mound av. sw cor. Park Russell John W. (Akers & Russell) r College av. w Hardin av. Russell Robert) r ws Caldwell opp. North RUSSELL R. D. (Dummer, Brown & Russell) bds. ss State e East Russen Jesse, lab. r ws Mauvaisterre s Col- lege Rustemeier Joseph, tailor, r College nr R.R. track Rutherford Alice, laundress D. and D. Asy- lum Rutherford James A. teacher, r Dr. W. W. Harsha's Rutherford Mary, cook D. and D. Asylum Rutherford Nancy, cook D. and D. Asylum Rutledge E. land agt. Saving Bank blk. r es Fayette s Anna Rutledge Geo. merchant, bds. Mrs. M. A. Rutledge's Rutledge James, elk. r College av. nr Clay av. Rutledge Mary A. Mrs. r ss E. College av. e Clay av. Rutledge N. Rev. M. E. minister, r Mrs. M. A. Rutledge 018 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. RUTTLEDGE WM. L. REV. r S. Main cor. College, minister M. E. church. Mr. R. is now preacher in charge of sever- al congregations, and has his time actively engaged in his work. He is one of the pioneeer ministers of Illinois, possesses an accurate and reliable memory concerning it, and looks with pleasure on the improve- ments made since his first arrival in the west. Ryan Michael, lab. r Green cor. Lafayette av. Ryan Thomas, lab. r es Vorhees n Indepen- dence av. Ryan William, lab. r Railroad e Howe Rynearson Benj. F. trader, r W.R.R. cor. Brown CAGE J. M. lab. bds. W. D. Anderson's Sage Theodore, wagon-maker, r W. College e West Salby Joseph M. restaurant, E. State nr Square, r Diamond nr Prairie Saldana John, lab. r es N. Main n Indepen- dence av. Salz William, yardman, bds. Commercial hotel Sanders A. Mrs. r John C. Neil Sanders Fenton, cigar-maker, bds. N. Main nr North SANDERS W. D. PROF. supt. Athenaeum and Conservatory of Music, r 1029 W. State Sanderson Abbie Miss, r Morgan cor. East Sanderson Cyrus, elk. r Morgan cor. East Sanderson C. Mrs. dressmkr. r ns Morgan cor. East Sanderson David, ret. r W. College av. w Prairie Sanderson J. R. r Morgan cor. East Sanford E. M. lawyer ns Square nr Main, r Clay av. cor. Superior Sanford L. lab. r ss Chambers e S. Main Sanford Richard, carp, r es S. Main n Inde- pendence av. Sanitarium, Dr. David Prince, propr. ws Sandy s Square Sargent W. H. stock dealer, r Lafayerre av. nr Sandy Savage T. Mrs. r W. College av. cor. West- minster Sawyer C. K. dentist ns Court w Square, r ws Church nr Richard Sawyer Frances waiter D. and D. Asylum Sawyer Maria, matron D. and D. Asylum Sawyer Martha, wid. George, r ws Fulton n North Scanlon Charles, carp, r es S. Main, n Col- lege Schafer John, butcher, r Madison e West Schafer John, butcher, r ws East s College av. Schanning John, watchman Insane Asylum Schaub G. Mrs. dressmkr. r ss e College e Mauvaisterre Schelkop Mathew, blacksmth. r ns North nr East Schermerhorn Charles, grocer, and soda water mnfr. ss Morgan nr Sandy, r Kosciusko sw cor. Grove Schermerhorn W. W. elk. r Kosciusko sw cor. Grove Schmalz F. F. groceries and confectionery ns Square cor. Main, r es N. Main nr Inde- pendence av. Schmalz W. Mrs. r es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Schmidt August, saloon ne cor. Square, r E. College cor. Clay av. Schofield D. C. Mrs. boarding N. Main nr North Schofield Sarah Miss, nurse Sanitarium Scholes Jonathan, wagonmkr. r West sw cor. College Schoonover David, sr. (Schoonover & Burns) r S. Main Schoonover David, jr. city marshal, r S. Main sw cor. Franklin Schoonover James (Schoonover & Burns) r S. Main cor. Franklin Schoonover James P. miller, r ws East s Chambers SCHOONOVER & BURNS, pro- prietors Union Mills and dealers in flour, meal, chop-feed, bran, and general mill stuff. All orders promptly attended to. S. Main nr the brook Schulenberg Henry, brewer, r rear West n North Schulenberg Henry, driver, r north end Main Schuler John, baker, r A.nna w Sandy Schureman George B. br ckmason, r North se cor. Yates Scores Clara, wid. Jacob, r Pine n Freedman Scott Charles, lab. r College av. cor. S. Main Scott Edward (Scott & Landers) pres. First Nat. Bank, r 711 S. Main Scott James (Scott & Jameson) r ss North e Church JACKSONVILLE. 519 Scott M. J. Mrs. dressmkr. r ns E. College cor. Clay av. Scott S. (Springer & Scott) bds. Main cor. North Scott Thomas, trader, r 710 S. Main Scott & Jameson (James Scott and George Jameson) blacksmiths, wagonmkrs. Sandy cor. North Scott & Landers (Edward Scott and George Landers) proprs. Morgan Mills depot 12 N. Main Scotter George, hostler, r es N. Main n In- dependence av. Sebastian Joseph, lab. r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Seeberger L. elk. bds. College av. nr. Sandy Seegar D. C. lab. r Anna cor. West Seegar Sarah Mrs. r Anna cor. West Seeley Cora, attendant Insane Asylum Seffler Gottleib, brewer, r north end Main Seiber Edward R. gunsmith, r es N. Main n Dunlap Selby John, r North w West Sell Mattie Mrs. r es Clay av. s College Semple F. A. elk. Virden Coal Co. r ss W. College av. w Hardin av. Semple Louisa, wid. Steele, r ns E. State e Howe Seth William, weaver, bds. W.R.R. e Brown Seyferth John, employe 111. Inst. Blind Seymour Isaac, lab. r ss Anna e Church Shafer John J. (Hackman & Shafer) rS. Main opp. P.O. Shanahan Patrick, farmer, r Walnut cor. Caldwell Shanehan John, lab. r Howe cor. Centre Shanz J. lab. r George Brooks' Sharp E. (Foreman & Sharp) r Main cor. Brown Sharp Marion, carp, r es Hardin av. n Henry Sharp Nimrod, farmer, r Hardin av. s Su- perior Sharp Robert, lab. r E. State w Brown Sharpe Joseph K. salesman, r Lafayette av. cor. Finley Shaub John, carp, r ns Court e East Shelkop , blksmth. r ns North e East Shepherd R. D. marble dealer ss E. State, r ns E. State Sheriff's Office, Irvin Dunlap, sheriff, Court House Sherk Kate Mrs. r ws Brown n North Sherk Kate Mrs. r ns Court e East Sherwood Julia Mrs. r ns Grove w West Shields James, lab. r Howe s Centre Shields John, bricklayer, r Howe s Centre Shields John, engineer, bds. Metropolitan hotel Shinn Frank T. attendant Insane Asylum Shirk Kate, r ns Court e Square Shively James, lab. r es Mauvaisterre n Square Shook Jose h, carp, r ns Court e East Shore Charles, r Caldwell n Lafayette av. Short G. W. r College av. w Prairie Short Lottie D. Miss, teacher 111. Female College Short Sarah B. Mrs. matron 111. Female Col- lege SHORT W. F. REV. Pres. 111. Female College Shradar Geo. farmer, r ws Hardin av. s Col- lege Shreve M. M. carp, r es Church n Morton av. Shreve Walter, elk. r s Church nr Morton av. SIEBER E. R. ss Court e Square, gun- smith and dealer in guns, pistols, and am- munition. Mr. Sieber is well known to the sporting fraternity, and, to supply the de- mand, he keeps constantly on hand a fine stock of the different kinds of muzzle and breech-loading shotguns, double and sin- gle, also a fine assortment of the latest im- proved rifles and revolvers. Mr. S. can accommodate the trade with every thing in his line, and is now prepared for making choke boards on breech and muzzle-load- ing guns, for close and strong shooting. Sibert Benjamin F. supt. City Ry. Co. r es Main s Vandalia Sibley George, farmer,, r ss College e Clay av. Sidebotham S. Benj. florist, r ws Church n Grove Sieber E. R. gunsmith, ss Court e Square, r N. Main Sigler J. D. Rev. pastor Soule Chapel, r 1040 East Silva John, lab. r Illinois av. e East Silva Frank, lab. r Illinois av. s Independence av. Simmons B. bricklayer, bds. Mrs. C. Davis' Simmons B. W. (Woods, Simmons & Co.) r College av. nr. Hardin av. SIMMON'S D. M. post-master, P.O. es Main s Square, r ss College av. e Hardin av. Simmons Mary C. Miss, del. elk. P.O. r ss Col- lege av. e Hardin av. 520 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Simmons M. F. (Simmons & Eames) r S. Main beyond limits Simmons O. C. dis. elk. P.O. bds. ss College av. e Hardin av. SIMMONS & EAMES (M. F. Sim- mons and C. M. Eames) editors and proprs. Jacksonville Journal, Mather's blk. E. State Simms Alice M. Miss, music teacher, r 436 E. College Simms Charles, elk. r E. College nr Hardin av. Simms C. H. r 724 West Simms Edward C. restaurant ss W. State nr Square, r East Simms W. N. farmer, r 436 College Sing C. laundry, r Sandy e Square Singer Lizzie, seamstress Insane Asylum Simpson L. B. Miss, teacher, r Morgan nr East Simpson Wm. engineer, bds. Metropolitan hotel Sleeter Mary Miss, cook 111. Inst. Blind Sleight W. H. tel. opr. bds. Dunlap house Smart Geo. lab. r ss E. Morgan e East Smedley H. farmer, rws Clayav. n Michigan Smedley John G (R. C. Johnson & Co.) and constable, r 940 Clay av. Smiley Henry, farmer, r N. Main cor. Dunlap Smith Anderson, lab. r ws Gokra av. s Cham- bers Smith August, r ss E. College e Clay av. Smith August, lab. r Myrtle av. n Inde- pendence av. Smith A. plumber A. C. Thomson's Smith A. P. farmer, r E. State w Brown Smith B. W. (H. L. & B. W. Smith) r Grove Smith B. W. (Smith & Son) r ws Kosciusko s Grove SMITH CAP. (trade mark) proprietor Park hotel, located on Public Square, Jacksonville, Illinois. Eight thousand commercial men were entertained at this hotel the past twelve months Smith C. Miss, r Hardin av. s Superior Smith C. S farmer, r E. State w Brown Smith David, tile and brick maker, r Robt. Smith's Smith D. B. (D. B. & H. B. Smith) r Grove cor. Park Smith D. B. Mrs. r Grove se cor. Park Smith D. B. & H. B. (David B. and Hugh B. Smith) pianos and music ns State w Square Smith E. plumber, bds. A. C. Thompson's Smith E. Mrs. r es Sharp s College ' Smith E. Mrs. r 567 Diamond Smith Fernandes, r Myrtle av. n Independ- ence av. Smith George, weaver, r Bedwell n Lafayette av. SMITH GEORGE W. lawyer 8 Gallaher's block, r North nr Mauvaisterre Smith Gertie, clerk, r Pine nr North Smith Hugh B.(D. B. & H. B. Smith) r Grove cor. Park Smith H. L. (H. L. & B. W. Smith) r Kosci- usko nr Grove Smith H. L. & B. W. stoves and hardware ns Square nr Sandy Smith James, farmer, r east end State Smith James, weaver, r Bedwell n Lafayette av. Smith James Theo. bricklayer, r 324 S. Main Smith John, musician, r West Smith John, tailor, bds. Mrs. C. Davis's Smith John X. tailor, bds. Morgan nr Square Smith Joseph, r Pine n W.R.R. Smith J. Mrs. r Myrtle av. n Independence av. Smith J.B. Prof. 111. Female College, r Myrtle av. n Independence av. Smith J. C. carp, r es Vorhees n Independ- ence av. Smith J. H. harnessmaker, r 506 E. C liege Smith Kate Murdock Mrs. teacher music 111. Female College Smith Louis C. clerk Ward Brothers, bds. S. Main Smith Mary Miss, r ns Lafayette av. e East Smith Mary A. Mrs. r 324 S. Main Smith Minnie Miss, cook 111. Female College Smith Olive I. Mrs. r ws Pine s Lafayette av. Smith Peter, firmer, bds. ws N. Main n R.R. Smith Phoebe, wid. Andrew, r West s Lafay- ette av. Smith Riley, r ns Court w West Smith Robert sr. tile and brickmaker, r es Hardin av. s Superior Smith Robert jr., tilemkr. r Robt. Smith's sr. Smith Roswell J. farmer, r es Church n Mor- gan av. Smith R. C. marble works ns State e Square, r Clay av. s Superior av. Smith Susan, wid. John, r ns Court w West Smith Talma, boots and shoes ss W. State nr Square, r West nr College Smith Theo. com. traveler, r es Church n Morton av. JACKSONVILLE. 521 Smith Thos. lab. r es Lurton s College Smith T. Rice, tel. opr. r ws Church s Lafay- ette av. Smith Vick (Smith & Thompson) r East n Michigan av. Smith William, carp. Insane Asylum Smith William M. lab. r N. West n R.R. Smith W. H. clerk, r ws Hardin av. s College Smith & Thompson, bakers S. East n Michigan av. Snider J. sawyer, r Lincoln av. s Mound av. Snyder W. S. harness and saddle mnfr. ss State e. Square, r ss College av. nr Hardin av. Soby William, confectionery and fruits ss Square nr Main, r ns Court nr Clay av. South Mary Mrs. r Dr. A. H. Kellogg's SOUTHERN HOTEL, B. Hocking, proprietor, A. H. Hocking, chief clerk, ns College av. w Sandy. This hotel has been entirely re-modeled by its present pro- prietor, and is centrally located, being but a square from the street cars; it affords the traveler every convenience, nice, large airy sleeping apartments, splendid sample rooms for the display of his goods. The table is supplied with every luxury in season, and prices to suit the times. It is pre-eminently the commercial traveler's home Sparks Lemuel, lab. r Diamond cor. Freed- man Sparry Charles, harnessmkr. r E. College av. sw Clay av. Spates P. coal dealer, r ss E. State w C.& A. R.R. Spaulding Paul. lab. r Lincoln av. s Mound av. Spellman N. W. com. trav. r ns W. College av. e Westminster Spencer David, lab. r es East s Morton av. Spencer Thomas, lab. r Clay av. nw cor Dun- lap Spencer Wm. plasterer, r East s Superior av. Spencer Wm. S. plasterer, r Wm. Spencer's Sperry Charles O. chief police department, ns Court e Square, r College av. cor. Lur- ton Sperry Harry, elk. r College av. cor. Jordan Sperry J. W. dental student r ss College nr Hardin av. Spine Lawrence, carp, r Diamond n Freed- man Spires J. B. elk. Woods, Simmons & Co. r Pine nr Lafayette av. Sprague Joshua, r 306 W. College av. Sprague Mary A. V. S. Miss, preceptress, Pres. Female Academy Springer F. M. (Springer & Scott) r Main nr College av. Springer John T. lawyer, r ns Jordan w Fayette Springer John, blacksmith, r Main nr Col- lege av. Springer & Scott (F. M. Springer and S. Scott) livery stable Main cor. North Spurgin A. R. Mrs. r 520 Hardin av. Stack John, employe Frank Stewart's Stacy James D. jr. R,R. mail service, r ns E. College av. w Hardin av. Stacy Joanna Miss, teacher, r Matthew Stacy's Stacy Margaret Miss, milliner, r Matthew Stacy's Stacy Matthew, r es Clay av. s Morton av. Stacy M. A. Miss, milliner, ns State e Square Stacy Thos. P. constable, r es Hardin av. s Morton av. Stagg J. M. carp, r ws Fayette s Anna Stanford Preston, fireman, r N. West n R.R. Stanley Frank, molder Morgan Foundry Stark J. H. farmer Insane Asylum Starks George, bill poster, r Fayette cor. Morton av. Starks George W (Watson & Starks) r Fay- ette nr. Morton av. Starr Nettie, mender Insane Asylum Starr Omar, painter, r W.R.R. e East STEBB1NS FRANCIS H. (King & Stebbins) jewelers, south side of the Square. Was born in North Hampton, Massachusetts, July 17, 1825; moved to Jacksonville, Nov. II, 1865; was married Oct. 29, 1872, to Miss Elizabeth A. Wright, daughter of Basil Wright, of Carlinville, Illinois; she was born in Jacksonville, Oct. 20, 1845 Stearns M. F. Mrs. teacher, Pres. Female Academy Steele J. G. (Wood & Steele) r se cor. Square Stephenson J. T. r ns Court e Square Stephenson J. T. Mrs. milliner, ns Court e Square Stettler W. M. tailor, bds. 40 North Stevenson Benjamin F. r Pine sw cor. Lafay- ette av. Stevenson Chas. L. elk. r B. W. Gunn's Stevenson Elliott, r W. College av. e West- minster Stevenson Flemming Mrs. r ns W. State f 522 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Stevenson Polly, wid. Leonard, r Railroad e Howe Stevenson William, farmer, r 1115 Mound av. Stewart A. W. trav. agt. Wadsworth & Pat- terson, r E. College av. w Hardin av. Stewart C. 'E. elk. r ws Sandy n Square Stewart Frank, carp, r es S. Church n Col- lege av. Stewart H. C. physician r es East s College Stewart Jennie Mrs. r ss Anna w West Stewart John, lab. r ss Anna w West Stewart John, wood chopper, r Sheridan e C.& A. R.R. Stewart John W. teamster, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Stewart Levi, peddler, r Sheridan e Illinois av. Stewart Levi, lab. Morgan Foundry Stewart M. Mrs. millinery and fancy goods ws Sandy n Square Slice Mattie Mrs. r ss E. College w Clay av. Stone Wm. lab. r Reid & Co.'s brick yard Slonevall Elizabeth, wid. r es Mauvaisterre n Square Storrs H. E. Prof. 111. College, r es Prospect bet. College av. and Grove Stout C. W. bkpr. r North cor. West Stout J. V. D. (Mason & Stout) r es Clay av. nr school house Strawn Gates, r W. College av. cor. Church Strawn Mary J. wid. Jacob, r ws Fayette n Jordan Strickling H. F. (Strickling & Heimlich) r ss North w West Strickling & Heimlich (H. F. Strickling and D. T. Heimlich) barbers es Main s Square Stringam John M. elk. r North w West Stringam L. C. plasterer, r ws West n Cham- bers Stringam Philip r ns North e Pine Stringam S. F. plasterer, r ws West n Cham- bers Stringam W. E. expressman, r L. C. String- am's Strucken George, lab. r Prairie n W.R.R. Stryker Henry, sr. r College av. cor. Kosci- usko STRYKER HENRY, JR. (Stryker & Bellatti) master in chancery for Morgan Co., attorney at law, and general collecting office; r College av. cor. Prospect STRYKER & BELLATTI (Henry Stryker, jr. and J. A. Belatti) lawyers ns Square e Sandy Stull John, carp, r E. College av. sw cor. Hardin av. Sturtevant A. H. (J. H. Palmer & Co.) r Col- lege Hill Sturtevant J. M. Rev. Pres. 111. College, r Park cor. Grove Suhy Wm, tailor, r East cor. College av. Sullivan John, lab. r Morton av. w West Sullivan Mary Miss, weaver, r Mrs. L. Mo- roney's Sunderland James, weaver, r Fayette n La- fayette av. Sutton Henry A, elk. r S. 4 Main nr Richard- son Sutton John, physician, r Stephen Sutton's Sutton S. real estate ss S. Main nr Square, r Main nr Richardson Swain Henry, carp, r ns Grove Swales David E. printer D. and D. Asylum, r E. College av. sw cor. Johnson Swales George W. printer, r ns North e East Swales James, printer, r ns Dunlap e Main Swales James M. printer, r ss North e East Swapshire Isaac, lab. r N. Sandy n R.R. Swar Henry, lab. r ns North e Mauvaisterre Sweeney Daniel, lab. r es East n Morton av. Sweeney Hannah Mrs. r es East n Morton av. Sweeney Miles, lab. r Clay av. sw cor. Cham- bers Swiler John W. teacher D. and D. Asylum, r Hardin av. n Chambers Sybald Alex, painter, r State nr East Sybrant George, elk. r ss College nr West BRAGGART IDA MRS. laundress 111. Female- College Tallqvist Andrew, carp, r Prairie s W.R.R. Tandy S. M. Mrs. r 916 E. State Tanner Edward Rev. Prof. 111. College, r Mound av. cor. Asylum Tarzwell Wm. boarding house ss Court nr East Taylor Anderson, mason, r es Vorhees n In- dependence av. Taylor A. J. carriage painter, r ss College av. nr Clay Taylor A. S. solicitor R. Balinger, bds. W. State e East Taylor Ebon T. elk. r ns College av. e Hardin av. Taylor F. lab. r ss E. College e Hardin av. TAYLOR FRANK C. 5 Gallaher's bldg. JACKSONVILLE. 523 TAYLOR GEORGE, retired farmer, r ss College w Lurton; son of Henry A. and Frances Taylor, natives of Virginia and Kentucky respectively. George was born on his father's farm, in Jefferson Co., Ky., July 20, 1805; remained on the farm until twenty-four years of age; received a sub- scription school education. George Taylor, although ranked among the wealthy prom- inent men of this county, found it impossi- ble to receive a liberal schooling, but is possessed of great natural ability. In 1832 he moved to Morgan Co., bringing his wife and two children; maiden name of wife, Polly E. Tucker. He located nine miles southeast of Jacksonville; first pur- chased ninety-five and one-half facres. In his judgment Illinois was destined to be- come a leading State, and Mr. Taylor in- vested largely in land, and at one time owned some 1300 acres. He had no better chances for a fortune than many boys of to- day, but always realized the fact that time is money Taylor George (Taylor & Sons) r Vorhees nr Independence av. Taylor John, farmer, r ss E. College av. e East Taylor John S. tinsmith, r Main nr Vorhees Taylor Joseph M. lumber, r Church s North Taylor R. R. tel. opr. bds. es East, s North Taylor Samuel, baggage master, r ss E. Col- lege av. e R.R. TAYLOR SPENCER (S. Taylor & Sons) r . N. Main nr. Independence av. Was born November 4, 1820, in Lexington, Ky. Came to Jacksonville in the Fall of 1829; was married to Miss Elizabeth Hilli- gass March 9, 1842. She was born in the State of New York Dec. 28, 1820. They have ten children living, namely: Mary E. born Jan. 25. 1845, Wm. S. born Feb. 5, 1847, George W. born July 29, 1849, An - derson F. born Oct. 24, 1851, John S. born March 26, 1854, Martin A. born March I, 1856, Leslie H. born 1858, Lewis H. born Oct. 23, 1859, an d Charles L. born Feb. 10, 1862 TAYLOR T. G. lawyer, 5 Gallaher's bldg. r ns Court nr West Taylor William (Taylor & Sons) r N. Main nr Independence av. TAYLOR & SONS (Spencer, George, and William Taylor) dealers in lime, sand, cement, plaster, hair, and fine lake salt, sw cor. Sandy and Lafayette av. Tefl't James R. porter Park hotel Tefft Walker S. prof. D. and p. Asylum Tefft William, lab. r Lafayette av. e East Temple W. S. traveling agt. r Prairie se cor. Anna Tendick D. paperhanger, r es West n Mor- ton av. Tendick G. (G. & W. Tendick) and (G. Tendick, Kaspohl & Reid) r S. Main Tendick G. tailor, r Clay nr N Brook Tendick G. Kaspohl & Reid (G. Tendick, F. Kaspohl, and N. W. Reid) brickmnfrs. ws Square, cor. State Savings Bank TENDICK G. & W. ws State opp the P.O. manufacturers of boots and shoes. This firm have been in their present local- ity over twenty years; they make all their goods from the best material, to measure, thereby insuring a perfect fit, which is always guaranteed Tendick Henry, lab. r ws Diamond s Edg- mon Tendick Henry, tinner, r S. Main Tendick John, shoemkr. r Diamond n Lafay- ette av. Tendick Peter, elk. Welch & Dod, r S. Main cor. College Tendick William (G. & W. Tendick) r al I bet. Morgan and College av. Terry James M. r 234 W. State Terry Silas, jobbing shop and planing mill, Court cor. West, r West cor. State Tfft Orson, teamster, r ns E. College e C.&A. R.R. Thomas Benjamin, blacksmith, r Morgan nr State Thomas William (Thomas & McDonald) r ns College av. nr Church Thomas Wm. painter, r ss E College e East Thomas William D. r Prospect s College av. Thomas & McDonald (William Thomas and Edward L. McDonald) lawyers, W. State, Ayer's blk. THOMPSON S. H. contractor and builder, and Mayor of the city of Jackson- ville, r ws Church n North ; was born in Morris County, N. J. April 4, 1832 ; came to Morgan County March I, 1850, and has followed the above business since that time ; was elected to the City Council in 1875; married Miss Harriet M. Schuremann in Feb. 1857 ; she was born in Essex County, 524 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. N. J. August 21, 1838. They have three children living, Nettie M. born Oct. 3, 1861; Ida C. born Sept. 21, 1863, and Albert H. bon Nov. 30, 1865 Thorn Geo. carp, r Goltra av. sw cor. Morton av. Thornborrow John, wool buyer, r ws Church s Anna Thornborrow Stephen, carp r es West end Grove Thornhill Mary J. wid. Thomas H. r Oak ne cor. N. Main Thompson Albert, jeweler, J. M. Fox Thompson A. C. plumber and gasfitter, es S. Main s. College, r es Clay av. Thompson Beulah Miss, attendant Jackson- ville Hospital Thompson Chas. razor and saw sharpener, r 510 S. West Thompson Henry, builder, r Church n North Thompson Howard, proprietor sale and feed stable, r nsW. State e Sandusky Thompson H. B. (H. B. Thompson & Co.) r W. State w Prairie Thompson H. B. & Co. (H. B. Thompson and ) boots and shoes, ws Square nr State Thompson H. T. (Smith & Thompson) r East n. Michigan av. Thompson Joseph, elk. r North Thompson Nellie Miss, attendant Jackson- ville Hospital Thompson Owen P. lawyer, Savings Bank bldg. bds. ns State nr Prairie Thompson William, fish, r es Brown n North Tiemayer Henry lab. r rear West n North Tiff James R. watchman, rws Fulton n North Tiff William, farmer, r ws Fulton n North Tiffany L. C. dealer Singer sewing machines, ns W. State nr Squate, bds. Duniap house Tilford Nancy Mrs. r ws Fayette s Anna Tilton Peter, traveling agt. r ns W. State w Kosciusko Tingle Henry, lab. r Goltra av. se cor. Morton av. Tingley W. lab. r ws Clay av s Chambers Tipton A. W. physician and electrician, ss Square nr Sandy, r 46 S. Main Tivenau John, bds. es Mauvaisterre nr North Tivenau Owen, barkpr. bds. es Mauvaisterre nr North Tivenau Thomas, bds. es Mauvaisterre nr North Tobin Mary Ann, wid. Maurice, r Centre e Illinois av. Tolman Harman, hack driver, r ws Fayette s Richards Tomlin E. Mrs. r 1003 S. Main Tomlin Rinda C. teacher D. and D. Asylum Tomlinson E. clerk, r College av. cor. West Tomlinson J. clothing, hats and caps, and mer. tailor, ns Square cor. Main, r College av. and West Topen Mrs. r es Sharp s College Toussaint Charles, upholstr. es N. Main nr Square, r ns Lafayette e East Toussaint Theodore, shoemkr. es N. Main nr Square, r ns Lafayette e East Towers William, wool assorter, r Fayette n Lafayette av. Towning John, marble polisher, r ss E. Mor- gan e East Trabue John, gen. ins. agt. sw cor. Square, r ns W. College w Prospect Trainor James, cook Duniap house Trask Cornelia, teacher D. and D. Asylum Trautz August, butcher, r ns North e East Treahey Dennis, lab. r Centre e Illinois av. Tremblett G. H. deliveryman U.S.Ex.Co.bds. Park house Trotter W. D. R. Rev. M.E. minister, r ss E. State w Johnson Troy John, harness mkr. r 322 N. West Troy Thomas, lab. r W R.R. e Caldwell Tuman Joseph, farmer, r Sandy s College Turley M. M. Mrs. r ss W. State e West- minster Turner F. C. law student, r ns College av. opp. College Turner J. B. r Turner place w College av. Tuttle Lemuel, dairyman, Oak Lawn Retreat T T LMER CHARLES H. cook, r ws Vor- hees n Independence av. Ulrich Nicholas, cook, r ns Court w West United States Express Co. es N. Main nr Square Updegraff A. M. carp, r East se cor. Franklin Updegraff John C. hostler, r Lafayette av. cor. Illinois av. UPHAM B. B. (Upham & Flack) and County Clerk, office Court House, r Col- lege nw cor. Kosciusko UPHAM & FLACK (B. R. Upham and C. E. Flack), general insurance agents, W. State, Savings Bank bldg., represent the following well-known companies: Fire- man's Fund, San Francisco; Franklin Fire. Philadelphia ; German American, New JACKSONVILLE. 525 York ; Hartford Fire, Hartford, Conn.; Home Ins. Co., New York; Insurance of North America, Philadelphia; Pennsylva- nia Fire Ins. Co., Philadelphia ; Phenix Fire, New York; Royal Ins. Co. Liverpool; Underwriters' Agency, New York, and New York Life Ins. Co., New York Upperman Robt. barber, r ws East s College A 7AIL C. H. mason, r Morgan nr East Vail R. H. lather, r Morgan nr East Vail R. W. Mrs. r Morgan nr East Valentine Henry, lab. r ns Grove w West Vance Benjamin F. farmer, r ws Pine n North Vance Martha J. wid. Samuel, r ws Pine n North Van Glenn William, carp, r Dunlap Van Houten John I. carp, r ns Court e East Van Houten Mortimer, carp, rns Court e East Vannest Theodore, tinner, r Grove sw cor. West Van Os Johannes, baker Insane Asylum Vantuyl Charlotte S. wid. Otto, r Fayette sw cor. Lafayette av. Van Winkle Julia Miss, teacher, r Wm. Van Winkle Van Winkle William M. confectionery, ws W. State nr Square, r es East nr College VAXZANT G. W. successor to Melton & Vanzant, es Square cor. State, r ws East s of the Brook. Dealer in staple and fancy groceries, provisions, etc.; china, glass and queensware, woodea and willow-ware, lamps, chandeliers! etc.; teas, coffees and spices. Keeps on hand for family use the choicest brands of flour in the market Van Zant William, police, r es Hardin av. s Morton Vasconcellas A. P. grocer, State sw cor. East Vasconcellas Daniel, lab. r Independence av. n P.P.& J.R.R Vasconcellas Daniel M. polisher, r Diamond s Freedman Vasconcellas Emanuel, teamster, r Diamond s W.R.R. Vasconcellas Frank, cigarmkr. r Diamond cor. Lafayette av. Vasconcellas Joaquin, teamster, r ns E. Col- lege av. e East Vasconcellas John, r Diamond cor. Lafay- ette av. Vasconcellas Joseph, lab. r Walnut w Dia- mond U Vasconcellas Joseph, lab. r Independence av. n P.P.& J.R.R. Vasconcellas J. C. gardener, r Diamond n Lafayette av. Vasconcellas Mary, wid. Joaquin, r Diamond cor. Lafayette av. Vasconcellas Mary, wid John, r Pine nw cor. North Vasconcellas William, driver, r Diamond s W.R.R. Vaughan R. S. drayman, r North w West Vaughan Wm. lab. r ws West n Chambers Vearia Joseph, lab. r rear es N. Main n Inde- pendence Vearia J. A. carp, r rear es N. Main n Inde- pendence av. Veitch Silas, carp, r Church sw cor. Read Veitch Wm. elk. r Church sw cor. Read VEITCH W. E. cash Cent. 111. Bank- ing and Sav. Association, r 407 N. Church Vickery Edward, elk. r College cor. Clay av. Vickery Geo. elk. r ss E. College e Clay av. Vickery John A. elk. Park hotel Vieiria Alfred, painter, r es Vorhees n Inde- pendence av. Vieiria Anthony, molder, r Illinois av. e East Vieiria A. J. painter, r Freedman w Dia- mond Vieiria Francisco, lab. r Freedman e Cald- well Vieiria Gregory, r W.R.R. w Diamond Vieiria James, carp, r es Vorhees n Indepen- dence av Vieiria James, lab. r Freedman w Diamond Vieiria John, fireman, r Illinois s Indepen- dence av. Vieiria John, lab. r Chapin w Church Vieiria John, lab. r Myrtle av. n Indepen- dence av. Vieiria John M. lab. r W.R.R. e Pine Vieiria Joseph, farmer, r C.& A.R.R. s In- dependence av. Vieiria Joseph, lab. r W.R.R. e Pine Vieiria Joseph, policeman, r W.R.R. w Dia- mond Vieiria Joshua, lab. r Diamond n Freedman Vieiria Nicholas, r Myrtle av. n Indepen- dence av. Vieiria Nicholas T. carp, r es Vorhees n In- dependence av. Vieiria Pertnelia, wid. r Diamond n Freed- man 526 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Vigus Mary S. Mrs. teacher 111. Female Col- lege Vincent Joseph, lab. r Diamond s Freedman Vineyard Alana, wid. John, r Clay av. n Walcott Virden Coal Co. office E. College av. w C.& A.R.R. E. S. Greenleaf, agt. Vogel Martin, wagon-maker, es N. Sandy nr Square, r N. Main nr Dunlap Von Tesmar Otto, taxidermist, r es Mauvais- terre n Square Vorhees Jane Mrs. r E. College sw cor. East Vorhees Stephen, r es N. Main n Indepen- dence av. VXTADDELL THOMAS L. carp, r Jor- dan ne cor. Fayette Wadsworth A. C. (Wads worth & Patterson) r ss Grove nr Prospect Wadsworth & Patterson (A. C. Wadsworth and J. March Patterson) hardware and iron merchants, ss Square nr Main Wagner George, barber, r Anna w West Wagner James, lab. r Fayette cor. Richards Wagner Josaphine, hairdresser, es Square nr Morgan Wahle Richard, dye works, ns State nr East Wainright William (Wainnght & Brennan) Wainright & Brennan (W. Wainright and J. W. Brennan) stoves and tinware, ws State s Square Wait Selah, prof. D. and D. Asylum, r es Sandusky n State WAKE FIELD GEORGE, ns W. State, Ayer's blk. machinist, gun and locksmith, bell-hanger and saw-filer, dealer in guns, revolvers, and fire arms of all kinds, of the best manufacture ; ammunition, cartridges, etc., kept constantly on hand. Special attention given to repairing sewing machines, clocks, umbrellas and parasols, shears, scissors and razors ground. All kinds of musical instruments, furniture, ba- by wagons, washing machines, and wring- ers, repaired. All work warranted Walber George, cigarmaker, r ss E. College e Mauvaisterre Walcutt E. water com. r ns W. College av. Walker C. P. painter, r ns W. Morgan w West Walker F. C. carp, r West s Lafayette av. Walker James, carp, r ws Church w Grove Walker L. C. Mrs. r ss W. Morgan w West Walker Samuel, grocer, ns Anna w West Walker S. T. teacher D. and D. Asylum, ss W. Morgan w West Wallace I. P. (I. P. Wallace & Co.) bds. Dun- lap house Wallace I. P. & Co. grain dealers, office E. State e C.& A.R.R. Wallace James, fireman D. and D. Asylum Walling Lena, attendant Insane Asylum Walmsley James, spinner, r Duncan e Prairie Walmsley John, spinner, r Duncan e Prairie Walsh Mary, wid. Michael, r Centre e Illi- nois av. Walsh Michael H. grocery and saloon, es Square cor. Court, and saloon and restau- rant Junction depot Walter Xavier. tailor, r ns Court e East Walton Reuben, blacksmith, ns Morgan w Square, r College ne cor. Mauvaisterre Ward Albert J. (Ward Brothers) r es Main 2 n Kentucky Ward Charles H. bookkeeper Ward Bros, bds. W. State opp. Dunlap house WARD BROTHERS (John N. and Albert J. Ward) booksellers, stationers, printers, bookbinders, etc. This well- known firm occupy the large store, 22xioo ft. three stories high, on the south side of the Square, No. I Marble block, using the first floor as a salesroom, and the second and third stories for the printing and book- binding departments. They keep con- stantly on hand every variety of books, periodicals, and newspapers, as well as a fine assortment of pictures, frames, baby carriages, and fancy goods. This firm makes a specialty of bookbinding, and are prepared to execute all orders with despatch They also manufacture blank books, shoe and shelf boxes of every description, and execute bank and county work with or without printed headings, or special rulings Ward E. D. saddler, r ws Clay av. s Cham- bers Ward Frank, r es Goltra av. n Franklin Ward James, sec. boss, r P.P.& J.R.R. n Wa- bash av. Ward James H. cigarmaker, bds. Southern hotel Ward John N. (Ward Brothers) r Jordan nw cor. Prairie Ward William C. dairyman, r Walnut cor. Caldwell Warner Ellen Mrs. dressmaker, r ws West n Court JACKSONVILLE. 527 Watkinson John W. clerk, r Grove sw cor. Diamond Watkinson J. Mrs. r Grove cor. Diamond Watson F. R. (Watson & Starks) r College cor. Fayette Watson Wesley, r Mauvaisterre cor. North Watson & Starks (F. R. Watson and G. W. Starks) barbers es Square cor. State Walters Garrett, lab. r Pine n Lafayette av. Watts Celia Mrs. r ws N. Main n R.R. Weaver Joseph, lab. r ss E. College e C.& A. R.R. Weber C. A. clothing ne cor. Square, bds. Southern hotel Weber Herman, employe J. O. King's Webb Emma, cashier R. D. Durfee & Son's, r Sandy nr College Webb John, wagonmaker, r Sandy nr gas house Weil Edward (Weil & Bro.) r College av. nr Sandy Weil Leopold (Weil & Bro.) r S. Main nr Brook Weil & Bro. (Edward and Leopold Weil) clothing and merchant tailors ws Square nr Morgan Weishaar George, lab. Insane Asylum Welch Mary Mrs. r ns College av. e East Welch T. V. (Welch & Dod) r College cor. Lurton av. Welch & Dod (T. V. Welch and J. M. Dod) druggists ss Square, Opera House block Welden A. teamster, r ns-CIay av. n Michi- gan av. Weller Jesse, r ws Church s Edgmont Wells Joseph, mason, r es East s Superior av. Welsh Edward, shoemaker, bds. Illinois av. w North Welsh Hannah, wid. Michael, r Centre e Illinois av. Welsh John, clerk, bds. Illinois av. w North Welsh M. H. restaurant and saloon Illinois av. w North Welta Mary A. Miss, attendant Jacksonville Hospital Werthwein Charles, butcher, bds. ns. Court e East West Sallie Miss, janitress 111. Female College West Timothy H. sexton Jacksonville Ceme- tery, r es Hardin av. s College av. Western Union Telegraph Co. W. Mayfield, manager, ns W. State, Ayers's block Westgate Ella, teacher D. and D. Asylum Westhall James, painter, r E. Morgan sw cor. East Westhof James, painter, r East cor. Morgan Wharton J. B. insurance agt. r es Clay av. s Franklin Wheeler C. M. printer, bds. John Dew's Whipp Kate Mrs. dressmaker, bds. John Jones's Whitcomb George, lab. r West cor. Lafay- ette av. Whitcomb George H. warehouseman, r West cor. Lafayette av. White David, carpet weaver, r ss Lafayette av. w Diamond White Graham L. teamster, r ss Dunlap e Main White James, engineer, r ws East n Dunlap White J. C. tailor ws Square nr State, r Prai- rie n Anna White J. G. Rev. r ss North w Fulton White Perry, lab. r ns E. College w Lurton White Thos. salesman, r Grove cor. Diamond White T. clerk, bds. College av. cor. West White William, lab. r ns E. College w Lurton White William, printer Insane Asylum Whitehead James, bakery ns Court w Square, r es Main nr College Whitehurst Eva Miss, cook, r Mrs. J. G. Whitehurst Whitehurst J. G. Mrs. nurse, r ns E. College av. e East WHITLOCK HERBERT G. (Mor- rison, Whitlock & Lippincott) r ss State cor. Hardin av. Whitlock Ira, r C. Hairgrove's Whitney Alma, wid. Preston, r ws East nr College av. Whitney Mrs, r ws East s Morgan av. Whittaker Hannah, cook Insane Asylum Whittaker Thomas, attendant Insane Asylum Whittlesey F. C. teacher Jacksonville Bus. College, r ss W. College av. Whittlesey M. K. Rev. Cong. min. r W Col- lege av. w West Whitworth Thomas, finisher r West n North Wickliffe Charles, brakeman, r Prairie n Lafayette av. WIDENHAM J. C. dentist, Galla- her's Block, rooms 3 and 6. Dr. W. was born April 7th, 1852. in Peoria, Illinois, where he resided until he attained his ma- jority. He began the study of dentistry in 1868; completed his education and began the practice of his profession in 1870; prac- 528 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. ticed in his native city until 1874, when he removed to Jacksonville and began the practice of his profession in that city ; he has been closely attentive to his business, and has established an extensive practice ; he is a member of the Peoria local and State Dental Society ; his office is supplied with all the necessary appliances known to the profession ; the operating rooms are sep- arated from the reception rooms, and every convenience is offered to those desiring his professional services ; especial attention is given to the preservation of the natural teeth and their filling ; his plate work in- cludes artificial teeth made on any base : mineral, whalebone, celuloid, gold, or sil- ver. Those in want of good work, neatly and accurately executed, will do well to call and see Dr. Widenham. Wm. Wid- enham and Charlotte Henrietta Benden, the parents of Dr. Widenham, were mar- ried in St. Martin's church, on the corner of St. Martin's lane and Temple Bar, Lon- don, England, in December, 1836 ; they came to this country in 1838, and set- tled in Peoria, III. Dr. Widenham's father was born in Ireland, Jan. 1st, 1809 ; his mother in England in 1819; his father went to England at the age of 13 years, and was raised there ; he was a watch- maker ; he and his brother had quite an extensive establishment in London ; many of the watches manufactured by said firm were sold in New York, where they had an agency years before he came to this country. The family are descendants from Widen- ham Castle, 18 miles from Cork, Ireland. The old castle is still standing. They have had ten children, of whom the following only are living : John C. Widenham, den- tist, in Jacksonville ; Wm. W. jr., carpet store, Peoria, 111. ; Miss Lizzie W., Peoria, 111., and Margaret W. (now Mrs. James M. Hadley) of Peoria, 111. Widmayer C. (Wiegand & Widmayer) r ns Court e East Wiegand George, sr. r ss North e East Wiegand L. (Wiegand & Widmayer) r ss North e East Wiegand & Widmayer (L. Wiegand and C. Widmayer) butchers and packers ss W. State nr Square Wight A. C. Mrs. r 1179 S. Main Willard J. P. physician, r 336 E. State Willerton William, carp, r ws Prairie n Jor- dan Wilhoit A. V. physician, r Hardin av. nw cor. Chambers WILLIAMS DAN", chief elk. Metro- politan hotel Williams David, carp, r es Diamond s Grove Williams E. C. Mrs. r Church sw cor. Ma- rion av. Williams Harvey, r W. College e West Williams John, waiter, r ns North e Mauvais- terre Williams J. C. elk. r ss North w Fulton Williams Joseph, attendant Insane Asylum Williams John C. elk. r ss North e East Williamson J. B. (Williamson & Bro.) r Church cor. Anna Williamson J. H. (Williamson & Bro.) r ns College nr West Williamson & Bro. (J. H. and J. B. William- son) groceries, ns W. State nr Square Willis C. elk. r es West n Morton av. Wills John, engineer water wks. r es Hardin av. n Superior av. Wilson Charles, runner, bds. Commercial hotel Wilson Ed J. cash, r Jordan and Fayette Wilson Edward, elk. r Jordan nw cor Fayette Wilson Hugh, carp, r Hardin av. ne cor. Chambers Wilson Wm. painter, r E. College se cor. Mauvaisterre Wilson Wm. H. lab. r ws Prospect s State Wilson Winnie Miss, waiter 111. Female Col- lege Wimmerstedt A. E. Prof, music teacher, r Hardin av. sw cor. College Wimmerstedt Marion Phillips Mrs. teacher music 111. Female College, r ns College cor. Clay av. Winchester James, supt. r es Caldwell n North Wing E. D. physician and surgeon ns East nr College av. Winter A. E. elk. r North nr Clay av. Winterbottom Jesse, blacksmith, r Anna nr West Wintler Jacob, lab. r ss Chambers e C.& A. R.R Wiswall H. C. farmer, r ss Mound av. nr Asylum Wiswall S. Mrs. r 861 W. State Wiswell D. farmer, r ws S. Main s College av. JACKSONVILLE. 529 WOLCOTT ELIZUB, superinten- dent waterworks, office at city offices, res- idence 700 W. College av.; was born in East Windsor, Connecticut, Aug. 7, 1817; came to Jacksonville in the Fall of 1830; was connected with the Wabash railroad for some ten years, occupying the position of roadmaster; he has been a member of both the City Council and Board of Educa- tion, of this city; was secretary of the first Board of Water Commissioners, and Super- intendent of construction of the works; was married July 15, 1846, to Miss Martha L. Dwight, of Westmoreland, New Hamp- shire; they have two daughters, living; and two sons deceased Wood Abram, carp, r ss College cor. Church Wood B. F. (Wood & Steele) r ss Square nr Main Wood Charles, peanut vender, r Church cor. Anna Wood Frances, teacher D. and D. Asylum Wood Geo. E. Rev. Pres. min. r 344 W. Col- lege av. Wood H. H. bkpr. M. P. Ayers & Co. r Col- lege av. cor. Church Wood John H. prof. D. and D. Asylum Wood Mary D. wid. Jonathan, r ss Jordan, e Prairie Wood M. L. real estate and loan agent ws Square over Ayer's bank, r North se cor. Church Wood N. N. Mrs. r ss W. State w Prospect Wood Samuel, wagonmkr. r 331 College Wood William D. elk. r ss Jordan e Prairie Wood & Steele (B. F. Wood and J. G. Steele) restaurant and confectionery ss Square nr Main Woodard Mary E. Mrs. r College cor. Prairie Woodcock Charles, pumpmkr. r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Woodcock Sarah, wid. James, r ns Lafayette av. e Clay av. Woodhall William, farmer, r N. Diamond n Walnut Woodman Edward, r es W. State w Fayette Woods A. C. (Woods, Simmons & Co.) r 427 Mauvaisterre Woods Ellen Miss, teacher 111. Inst. Blind Woods John, mason, r es West n Morton av. Woods M. M. Mrs. r ss E. State w John- son Woods Samuel, woodworker, r ss College nr Church Woods, Simmons & Co. (A. C. Woods, B. W. Simmons and J. W. Crabtree) dry goods, boots and shoes, groceries, etc. ss E. State e Square Woods Wm. Mckin, r Mrs. M. Woods' Woodworth I. J. prin. Jacksonville Bus. Col- lege, r College cor. Lujton WOOSTEB DAVID, carriage paint- ing es N. Sandy nr Square, r Main cor. Brooklyn; Mr. W. is a thoroughly compe- tent artist, with an experience of twenty- five years; he paints omnibusses, carriages, buggies, spring wagons, etc., does his work at reasonable rates, all work warranted, and orders solicited and promptly attended to Worrell William, dairyman, r Walnut w Short Worthen A. C. Mrs. seamstress, r E. College sw cor. East Worthen Elvira C. Mrs. dressmkr. r College e Church Wright Emma Miss, r ss Morgan nr West Wright L. S. Miss, teacher, bds. W. H. Rider's Wright Sarah, wid. William, r ss Morgan nr West Wright W. C. stock dealer, r Brooklyn av. cor. Chambers WRIGHT WILLIAM H. County Treasurer and Assessor, office. Court House, boards Park house; was born in Morgan County, Dec. 20, 1834; his father's name was James Wright, a Virginian by birth; his mother's maiden name was Sallie Head, and was a native of Kentucky. They were among the early settlers of this county; the subject of this sketch spent ten years of his early life iu California, and re- turned to this county in the Fall of 1863; soon after going South in the government service; returning again in the Fall of 1864, and engaged in teaching school, in the east- ern 'part of the county, at which he con- tinued five years. In 1871 he was elected County Treasurer, and re-elected in 1873, 1875, and 1877, which position he now holds Wyatt J. H. transfer agt. U. S. ex. co. boards Metropolitan Wyatt Wm. carp, r 812 Grove Wyatt William S. (Wyatt & Ziegler) r 802 S. Diamond Wyatt & Ziegler (W. S. Wyatt and Uriah Ziegler) stairbuilders es Sandy s Square 530 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Wyman C. F. (C. F. Wyman & Co.) r es Square nr State Wyman C. F. & Co. (C. F. Wyman and B. E. Chesney) china, glass, and queensware es Square nr State Wynn James, (Wynn & Burke) r ws N. Main nr Square Wynn & Burke (James Wynn and Thomas Burke) saloon ws N. Main nr Square ABATES ABNER, real est. ns State e * Square, r State nr Hardin av. Yates Henry, money order elk. P.O. r E. State w Brown Yates R. Mrs. r ns E. State w Brown York Alfred, brickmkr. r ws Pine s Lafayette av. York A. E. teamster, r Pine s Lafayette av. Young James, lab. ns Grove w West Young John, farmer, r Diamond se cor. Grove Young J. W. (Hockenhull & Young) r W. State nr. Fayette Young Ladies' Athenaeum Prof. W. D. San- ders, supt. ws Sandy s Square Young Robt. lab. r ns Grove w West Young William, molder, r W.R. R. e Brown Young Wm. M. bricklayer, r Michigan av. sw cor. East " ACHARIAS H. D. lab. r Independence av. n C.& A.R.R. Ziegler Uriah, (Wyatt & Ziegler) r S. East Zolinsky Sigmund, tailor, r es Fayette n North JACKSONVILLE BUSINESS DIRECTORY. Abstracts of Title. Kirby Edward P. Court House Attorneys at Law. (See Lawyers.) Auctioneers. Ellicock W. ns Square nr Main Henderson Ambrose, ws N. Main nr Square Agricultural Implements. Broadwell W. H. 230 and 232 S. Main FAIRBANK D. W. ns State nr West Bakers and Confectioners. GRASSLY C. F. 219 W. State Ingalls & Co. ns State nr East KASTNER & GRASSLY, E. State e Square Smith & Thompson, East n Michigan av. Whitehead James, ns Court w Square Banks and Bankers. AYERS M. P. & CO. ws Square nr W. State CENTRAL ILLINOIS BANK- ING AND SAVINGS ASSO- CIATION, W. E. Veitch, cashier, ws Square cor. State FIRST NATIONAL BANK, E. Scott, president; F. G. Farrell, cashier; sw cor. Square HOCKENHULL, KING & ELLIOTT, es Square nr Court JACKSONVILLE NATIONAL BANK, ns Square nr Sandy Barbers and Hair Dressers. Fink Peter, sw cor. Square May Otto, ws Square cor. W. State May & Pohlmann, State e Square Kloepfer J. G. es Square cor. State Rayburn James, ns Court w Square Rountree Thomas, ss Square nr Main, and Sandy n Square Strickling & Heimlich, es Main s Square Wagner Josaphen, es Square nr Morgan Watson & Starks, es Square cor. State Blacksmiths. Kehe Moses, Main nr North McGrath James, ss Morgan nr Sandy Middleton G. F. es N. Sandy nr Square Scott & Jameson, Sandy cor. North Books and Stationers. CATLIN & CO. ss Square, Opera House block Mason & Stout, ss Square, Opera House blk. WARD BROTHERS, ss Square, i Marble block Bookbinders. Pearson W. B. ss Morgan nr. Sandy WARD BROTHERS, ss Square JACKSONVILLE. 531 Boots and Shoes. Barcroft William, es Mauvaisterre s Square Buhre Anton, ne cor. Square Catherwood R. H. es N. Sandy nr Square COBBS W. A. ns E. State nr Square Dobyns & Co. ns Square nr Main Gruber John H. ns Square cor. Main Hart J. E. Illinois av. n State Hatfield Lewis, ns Square cor. Sandy Hobbs George W. es Square cor. State Hocking F. G. ss Square nr Sandy Ironmonger John, ns N. Sandy nr Square Johnson & Co. ss Square nr Sandy Marcy & Bro. ss Square nr Sandy Mayer E. ns Square nr Sandy McGhee & Richardson, es Square nr State MISTER M. & J. es N. Main nr Square Morgan M. C. se cor. Square Smith Talma, ss W. State nr Square Tendick G. & W., S. Main opp. P.O. ' Thompson H. B. & Co. ws Square nr State Toussaint Theo. es N. Main nr Square Woods, Simmons & Co. ss E. State e Square Bottlers. Kershaw A. es N. Sandy nr Square Schermerhorn Charles, ss Morgan nr Sandy Brewers. BTCKS H. & SON, end N. Main nr city limits Brick Manufacturers. Conlon & Co. e end R.R. Tendick G., Kaspohl & Reid, ws Square cor. State, Savings Bank Broom Manufacturer. Bowen J. T. es Sandy n North Carpenters. Buckingham & Bro. es Mauvaisterre s Square Fink John, State nw cor. East JACKSON THOMAS L. carpenter, builder, and contractor, S. Main, sixty rods south of St. R.R. terminus. Estimates given and jobbing promptly attended to Carpets. (See also Dry Goods.) Osborne & Knowles, es Square nr Morgan Carriage Manufacturers. HALL, J. W. ns College av. bet. Main and Sandy HELLENTHALL & McGAU- GHRAN, ws Sandy n Square Vogel Martin es N. Sandy nr Square Carriage Trimmer. Hagar S. D. es N. Sandy nr Square China, Glass, and Queensware. (See also Grocers.) 'Wyman C. F. & Co. es Square nr State Cigars and Tobacco. Adams D. J. ss W. State Gallaher's blk. Davenport & Cox, ws Square cor. Court Frese Henry, es Mauvaisterre se Square KNOLLENBERG HENRY H. es Square nr State MYERS J. H. es Square nr State Palmer & Cox, ns W. State nr Square PYATT B. & SON, ws Square nr Court Roemerman W. H. & Co. S. Main P.O. blk. Clothing. DRESBACH W. O. & CO. ns Square nr Main GOODRICH J. & SON, ns Square nr Main Hackett & Jerald, ss Square nr Sandy Lehman & Eppinger, ws Square nr W. State Rawlings Isaac, ws Square nr State Tomlinson J. ns Square cor. Main Weil & Bro. ws Square nr Morgan Coal. Smith D. B. agt. Virden Coal Co. ns State w Square Commission Merchants. Barr S. O. & Bro. ns W. State nr Square Ellicock W. ns Square nr Main Confectioners. Paradice & McCool, ns W. State nr Square Schmalz F. F. ns Square cor. Main Soby William, ss Square nr Main Van Winkle William L. ws W. State nr Square Wood & Steele, ss Square nr Main Coopers. Lampert J. P. North w State Dentists. Black G. V. ss E. State e East Cady Clark S. ss Square nr S. Main Duncan E, ss Square nr Sandy Henry C. ne cor. Square Lane A. H. ws Square Sawyer C. K. ns Court w Square WIDENHAM J. C. 5 Gallaher's blk. Dressmakers. Anderson Mary E. Miss, ne cor. Square Campbell A. E. Mrs. 2 Platt's block se cor Square 532 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Druggists. Allcott W. A. es Square nr Court BROWN P. L. S. Main next to P.O. Carter John, ws Square cor. State Hatch H. Lee, ws Square nr Morgan Hockenhull & Young, es Square nr State Lucas C. J. & Co. ws N. Main nr Square ROCKWELL WILLIAM, ns Square nr Main Dry Goods. Durfee R. D. & Son, ws Square nr State Gill J. & Co. se cor. Square Hook T. J. & Go. ns Square nr Main Johnson & Co. ss Square nr Sandy King J. T. es Square Mathers J. Tabor, ns State e Square Metcalf & Fell, ss Square cor. Sandy RUSSEL & HAYDENS, general merchants, west side of the Square, Jack- sonville, 111. They occupy two stores; deal in dry goods, groceries, carpets, boots and shoes, and general merchandise. They are also sole importers and agents for the United States for Edwinson C. Green's celebrated Breech and Muzzle-loading Guns, manufactured at Cheltenham, England. This make of guns stands second to none where they are known; the demand for them is steadily increasing, having sold to sportsmen about 150 of these guns in the past year, to all parts of the country; for material workmanship and shooting quali- ties they are unsurpassed, having stood first, second and third at the New York Gun Trial, in 1873, und made the highest aggregate score at the London Field Trials, in 1875 Woods, Simmons & Co. ss E. State e Square Dyers. Anhalt George, ns State e Square Wahle Richard, ns State nr East Flour Mills. SCHOONOVER & BURNS, S. Main nr the Brook Scott & Landers, 12 N. Main Fruit Farm and Nursery. BALDWIN ISAAC, fruit farm and nursery, N. Main nr Morgan Mills, P.O. box 334, Jacksonville. This nursery has an established reputation of twenty years for furnishing the best of stock true to name. The assortment of varieties is as large as that of any nursery in the State. Catalogues free on application as above Furniture. Becker, Rottger & Degen, ws S. Main nr Square Branson William, es Square nr Morgan Harrison William, ss Square cor Main Johnson & Son, es Square nr Morgan Palmer J. H. & Co. ws Square nr Court Grain Dealers. Keener T. & F. Lafayette av. nr Sandy Grocers. Allen W. ws S. Main opp P.O. Bourke W. A. ss Morgan nr Sandy BROWN C. F. es Square nr Morgan Brune H. L. es Square nr State Chambers & Bro. ns Square nr Mauvaisterre CLARK & DRIFFIELD, ns Square nr Sandy Corrington J. W. ns W. State nr Square Eilerts John, N. Main cor. Dunlap Ferreira Frank, Lafayette av. eC.&A.R.R. Foreman & Sharp, E. State nr East Gambell & Carver, W. State nr West GRASSLY C. F. 219 W. State GRASSLY & BRO. se cor. Square JOUETT J. N. ss State e Square Kackman & Hackman, se cor. Square- KASTNER & GRASSLY, E. State nr Square KOENIG AUGUST, N. Main nr W. R.R. Loar & Grierson, ss Square.Opera House blk. MATHERS J. TABOR, dealer in dry goods, groceries, china and queens- ware, E. State es Square Moore W. J. & Co. ss W. State nr Square Piepenbring Charles, N. Main ne cor. Dun- lap Rogers John, es Mauvaisterre n Square Schermerhorn Charles, ss Morgan nr Sandy Schmalz F. F. ns Square cor Main VAN ZANT G. W. es Square cor. State Vasconcellas A. P. State sw cor. East Walker Samuel, ns Anna n West Walsh Michael H. es Square cor. Court Williamson & Bro. ns W. State nr Square Woods, Simmons & Co. ss E. State e Square Gunsmith. SIEBER E. R. ss Court e Square Hardware. Carter John, ws Square cor. State ROCKWELL WILLIAM, ns Square nr Main Wadsworth & Patterson, ss Square nr_Main JACKSONVILLE. 533 Hats, Caps and Furs. Goltra & Read, ws Square sw cor. Morgan Horses. LANDRETH JAMES M. importer and breeder of French Percheron-Norman horses, P.O. box 1373, Jacksonville, Mor- gan Co. Makes a specialty of importing direct from France pure breed Percheron stallions. My long experience in the busi- ness, and intimate knowledge of the French language, and of this valuable breed of horses, gives me superior advantages in procuring first-class animals. I am also prepared to import horses on commission. This stock is especially adapted for farm and draft purposes, active and enduring, weighing from i,6ooto 1,900 pounds. Par- ticulars cheerfully furnished on application to above Hotels. DUNLAP HOUSE, ss State e Church Commercial Hotel, J. McNamara, prop, ws Sandy nr Square Kentucky House, Mrs. Mary J. Hall, prop. N. Main se cor. Washington PARK HOTEL, Alex. Smith, prop, ns Square cor. Main PENNSYLVANIA HOTEL, I. S. Sierer, prop. Sandy n Public Square SOUTHERN HOTEL, B. Hocking, prop, ns College w Sandy Insurance Agents. ADGATE & HARRIS, se cor. Square Bancroft J. H. ns Square cor. Sandy Catlin C. A. ns W. State, I Ayer's blk Goheen L. 7 Gallaher's blk JOHNSON R. C. & CO. ns Square nr Sandy McCULLOUGH W. H. es Square cor. State MCDONALD A. N. ns w. state nr Square Trabue John, sw cor. Square UPHAM & FLACK, ws State, Sav- ings Bank bldg. Palmer & Doan, ns Square nr Main Iron Foundry. Morgan Foundry, Akers & Russell, props, nr R.R. junction Iron Merchant. Wadsworth & Patterson, ss Square nr Main Justices of the Peace, McCullough W. H. es Square cor. State Pierson Jeremiah, ns Square nr Main Reid Stephen H. ns Square nr Sandy Laundry. Buck H. Mrs. es. Sandy e Square Lawyers. Barnes William H. ns W. State nr Square Berdan James, ns Square nr Main BROWN JAMES N. State's Attorney, Court house Cassell H. O. ns. Square nr Sandy CRAWLEY WILLIAM A. 8 Gal- laher's block DEATON AUGUSTUS, Court house De LEUW OSCAR A. 4 Gallaher's block Dod George J. 7 Gallaher's blk. DUMMER, BROWN & RUS- SELL, ss State w West Epler & Gallon, 3 Chambers' blk. Fox Charles H. Col. ws Square nr Court Ketcham & Hatfield, ns Square cor. Sandy KIRBY EDWARD P. Court house Layman M. T. Savings Bank bldg. McConnel Edward, 3 Chambers' blk. MCMILLAN JAMES T. ws square nr State MORRISON, WHITLOCK & LIPPINCOTT, State sw cor. West Morrison Jno. G. ws Square over Ayer's bank RAGAN JOHN M. Court house Reid Richard W. ns Square nr Sandy Sanford E. M. ns. Square nr Main Smith George W. 8 Gallaher's blk. STRYKER & BELLATTI, ns Square nr Sandy TAYLOR T. G. 5 Gallaher's blk. Thomas & McDonald, W. State, Ayer's blk. Thompson Owen P. Savings Bank bldg. Leather and Findings. Huntley, Evans & Co. ss Square nr Sandy Lime, Cement, Etc. TAYLOR S. & SON, Sandy sw cor. Lafayette av. Livery Stables. Mathews James R. ns Court e Square ROBINSON FRANK, N. Main nw cor. North Springer & Scott, Main cor. North Lumber Dealers. Chambers John I. Lafayette av. ne cor. Main RUSSEL J. S. & G. S. 512 N. Main 534 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Machinists. WAKEFIELD GEORGE, ns W. Main nr Square Marble Workers. Ervin Alexander, ss Morgan e Square Smith R. C. ns State e Square Meat Markets. CANNON" T. & J. ns State e Square Hackman & Shafer, S. Main opp P.O. Lambert & Hopper, ns Court w Square Leek & Lightfoot, ss State nr East Wiegand & Widmayer, ss W. State nr. Square Milliners and Millinery. Foster M. R. es Square cor. Main Hamilton S. H. Mrs. ss. Square nr Mauvais- terre Hillerby B. Mrs. se cor. Square Hoover M. Mrs. ss Square nr Mauvaisterre Metcalf & Fell, ss Square cor. Sandy Moseley M. A. Mrs. 3 Conservatory blk. Stacy M. A. Miss, ns State e Square Stephenson J. T. Mrs. ns Court e Square Stewart M. Mrs. ns Sandy n Square Mining. Illinois & Colorado Mining Co. of Jackson- ville, 4 Savings Bank bldg. Music, Pianos, Etc. Barrows C. S. I Conservatory blk. Barrows & Brown, I Conservatory blk. Smith D. B. & H. B. ns. State w Square News Depots. BROWN P. JL. P.O. bldg. Mason & Stout, Opera House blk. ss Square MCDONALD L. A. ns w. state nr Square WARD BROTHERS, ss Square e Sandy Newspapers. ILLINOIS COURIER, T. D. Price & Co. pubs. ns. W State nr Square JACKSONVILLE JOURNAL, Simmons & Eames, editors and proprs. Mather's blk. E. State Notions. HUNT, PARTRIDGE & CO. W. State nr West Oak Lawn Retreat. McFARLAND ANDREW, M. D. proprietor Oak Lawn Retreat, E. Morgan av. (See history page 408.) Oculists. PRINCE A. E. ws Sandy s Square Painters. Baldwin W. A. ss Morgan nr Sandy MCDONNELL HENRY, ss w. state Gallaher's block / WOOSTER DAVID, es N. Sandy nr Square Photographers. CADMAN A. W. es Main s Square CLARK GEORGE W. artist and photographer, new ground floor studio, op- posite the Court House. Clark's crayon portraits are unsurpassed CLENDENON & NICHOLS, es Square nr State Hofmann J. E. es Square cor. State Physicians. Askew J. R. ns Court e Yates Askew & Hamill, ss Square nr Sandy BROWN P. L. S. Main next to P.O. Dougherty J. A. se cor. Square Fisher C. ws Square Halsted M. A. Prairie se cor. Jordan Johnston J. P. 2 Gallaher's bldg. Jones Henry, 502 College av. JONES H. K. & C. G. 501 W. College av. Kellogg A. H. East se cor. College av. KING W. H. H. W. State w West Lucas C. J. es S. Main nr College av. PRINCE A. E. ws Sandy s Square PRINCE DAVID, ws Sandy s Square Rees Edwin, Rout e C.& A.R.R. Reynolds W. R. ne cor. Square Tipton A. W. ss Square nr Sandy Wilhoit A. V. Hardin av. nw cor. Chambers Willard J. P. 336 E. State Wing E. D. ws East s Morgan av. Planing Mills. Terry Silas, West cor. Court Plumbing and Gasfittintj. Matthews George E., E. State nr Square McDonald John, W. State nr West Thompson A. C. es Main s College Printers, Book and Job. IRONMONGER J. J. ws Square cor. State PRICE T. D. & CO. ns W. State in- Square SIMMONS & EAMES, Mather's blk. E. State WARD BROTHERS, ss Square, i Marble blk. JACKSONVILLE. 535 Pump Manufacturer. Ring J. M. State nw cor. East Railroads. Jacksonville, Northwestern & Southeastern R.R., E. S. Green leaf, supt. ns W. State nr Square Real Estate. Bergen B. F. Savings Bank bldg. Palmer & Doan, ns Square nr Main McMILLAN JAMES T. ws Square nr State Sutton S., S. Main nr Square Wood M. L. ws Square, over Ayer's Bank Yates Abner, ns State nr Square Restaurants. Carroll M. H. ws Square nr Court Harris C. B. ws N. Main nr Square JOUETT J. N". ss State e Square Lomb Henry, es N. Main nr Square Rucker E. R. ss Square nr Mauvaisterre Salby J. M., E. State e Square Simms Edward C. ss W. State nr Square Walsh Michael, Junction depot Wood & Steele, ss Square nr Main Roofers. Clement Irving, W. State nr West Harden John A., E. Main nr Square Saddlery and Harness. Fuller H. C. es Square nr Morgan Hillerby George, ss Morgan nr Sandy Neil J. C. ss Court e Square BAPP MICHAEL, se cor. Square, Platt's blk. Snyder W. S. ss State e Square School Furniture. NOBLE SCHOOL FURNITURE CO. A. N. McDonald, agt. ns W. State nr Square Seed Stores. CRAIG G. S. grower of Craig's justly celebrated " Yellow flint seed corn," origi- nated by his father ten years ago. The grain is deeper and the cob smaller than that of any other variety of corn, and con- sequently will weigh more pounds to the bushel than any other corn grown. Send ten cents for sample of corn and circular, giving full information FAIRBANK D. W. ns State nr West Sewing Machines. BOLINGER R. ss Morgan e Square Gray B. se cor. Square Singer Sewing Machines, L. C. Tiffany, ns W. State nr Square Stair Builder. Wyatt & Ziegler, es Sandy s Square Stoves and Tinware. Johnson & Son, es Square nr Morgan MATHESON & BRENNAN, ss Square nr Main MURPHY, MILLER & DEVINE, ws Square nr Court Smith H. L. & B. W. ns Square nr Sandy Stephenson J. T. Mrs. ns Square nr Mau- vaisterre Wainright & Brennan, ws State s Square Tailors, Merchant. Brill Benjamin, es Square nr State BUCKTHORPE R. ss State e Square DotyD. C. ws Square nr State Huntoon G. H. ns W. State nr Square Knollenberg John R. ss Morgan nr Sandy Porter G. & Co. ws Main opp P.O. Tomlinson J. ns Square cor. Main White J. C. ws Square nr State Telegraph Companies. Western Union Telegraph Co.,Wm. Mayfield, mangr. ns W. State, Ayers' blk. Tinsmith. FOX GEO. W. es Sandy e Square Undertakers. Anderson S. T. & Son, ws Square nr Court Branson William, es Square nr Morgan Upholsterers. Cafky S. ns State nr Square Toussaint Charles, es N. Main nr Square Wagon Makers. HALL JOHN W. Main cor. College Lee Philip, ss North nr Sandy Walton Reuben, ns Morgan w Square Watches and Jewelry. Bauman Joseph, es Square nr State DAYTON & RUSSELL, ws Square nr Morgan Fox J. M. ws Square nr State Hatch F. K. ws Square nr Morgan KING & STEBBINS, wholesale and retail dealers in watches, clocks, and jew- elry, silver and silver-plated ware, south side of the Square MASON WM. L. & THOS. jew- elers, Conservatory block, manufacturers of plain gold rings, society pins, and badges, class bracelets, and rings, cane heads, and ferrules, etc., etc. Watch cleaning, jewelry repairing, and work of all kinds a specialty. Call and see them 536 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Wall Paper. Benson William, es Main s Square MCDONNELL HENRY, ss w. state, Gallaher's blk. Osborne & Knowles, es Square cor. Morgan Wines and Liquors. Davenport & Cox, ws Square nr Court Palmer & Cox. ns W. State nr Square Woolen Mills. JACKSONVILLE WOOLEN MILLS, J. Capps & Sons, props. Church cor. Lafayette av. (See History Manufac- turers page 355.) TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. A DDISON HENRY C. carp. Waverly *^ Addison John G. Waverly Alabaugh Jacob, farm hand, Sec. 18, P.O. Waverly Alexander James, farmer, Waverly Allbee Enoch, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly Allen Jesse, miller, Waverly Allen Louis, grocer, Waverly ALLIS S. G. M. farmer and stock-rais- er, Sees. 26 and 27. The subject of this sketch, a prominent farmer in Morgan Co., was the second child by the second mar- riage of Abel Allis to Lucretia Mansfield; he was born in Georgia, Vt.; during his fifth year his father died, he was then, so to speak, thrown literally upon his own re- sources for five years, in which he served as an apprentice to a tanner and currier, and became journeyman workman. In his thirtieth year he married in New Hamp- shire, Miss Chapin ; in 1837 he moved to Illinois, coming by way of Terra Haute, Ind., to Springfield, 111., thence to Morgan Co., and settled on the farm property he now owns, which he purchased for $7 per acre. Paying a large interest on the land, he was compelled to work early and late to make the farm products go toward the payment. During our late war he stood steadfastly by the Union when human life was an exceedingly cheap commodity. Mr. Allis was formerly the possessor of 400 acres of well improved land. He now owns 280. A man of prosperity, whose liberality is well known, he stands high, as does also his estimable wife, in the esti- mation of all who know them, for their many good qualities. The following chil- dren blessed this union : Mansfield, Caroline, Frederick W., Louisa and Anna. For many years Mr. and Mrs. Allis have been childless, but their kind hearts and disposition have been the cause of sharing their comfortable home with little ones who were left at a tender age to battle with the world. For a great many years Mr. Allis and wife have been members of the Episcopal church. Anderson Wm. renter, Sec. 5, P.O. Franklin Anderson Thomas, wagon-maker, Waverly Armstrong Clayton, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly Armstrong Rebecca, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly Arnet George, harness-maker, Waverly ARNETT JAMES W., J. P. office on Pearl st; was born in Waverly, Morgan Co., Oct. 20, 1847 ; moved to Texas in the Fall of 1859, and returned to this State in the Fall of 1860 ; learned the harness-making trade with Mr. H. C. Wood, commencing in the year 1866; was married Feb. 14, 1870, to Miss Sarah E. Wood, daughter of Mr. Wheetly Wood, who was a native of England. Mrs. Arnett was born in Macou- pin Co., 111., June 8, 1845 ', have three chil- dren, two daughters Annie and Elizabeth, and one son Peter C.; removed to Texas in 1873, returning to this State again in 1874 ; as the result of a serious spell of sickness he became a cripple ; in 1875 he engaged in the harness business in the town of Waverly ; in 1876 he moved to Jacksonville, and in the following year re- turned to Waverly ; in Nov., 1877, he was elected to the office of justice of the peace, and immediately commenced the study of law; in April, 1878, he was elected city attorney. Mr. A. is a young man of fair education and endowed with considerable natural ability, and bids fair to become a good lawyer and a useful and influential citizen. ARNETT MRS. MELINDA, rel- ict of P. C. Arnett, was born in Robinson Co., Tenn., March 30. 1823; a daughter of James and Fanny Deatherage ; they were natives of North Carolina ; there married, and shortly after removed to Kentucky, where they settled down to a quiet farm life. In 1829 they made their way into the interior of Illinois, locating near the present farm residence of Mrs. Arnett. Here the head of the family entered land from the government, but shortly after re- moved to Missouri, but subsequently re- turned to Morgan Co., where they passed 538 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. the remainder of life. During his pioneer days he formed the acquaintance of Peter Cartwright and others, noted in the annals of this county. The marriage referred to above was blessed with five children : George W., Wm., Lucinda, Melinda, and Coleman. Melinda married P. C. Arnett in 1838, a Tennessean by birth, born in Overton Co. in 1820. In 1831 his parents moved to Morgan Co., 111., where young Arnett afterward became prominent in the affairs of the county for thirty-two years. His health was quite poor, but even under affliction was noted for his energy and per- severance. For some years he was the owner and proprietor of a grist mill at Waverly, and also became the owner of an extensive brickyard. He died June 5, 1875. His wife, who had been his companion through youth and middle age, now resides on the old homestead, now a well-cultivat- ed tract of land, over which she was wont to roam and gather the wild flowers that grew in abundance everywhere. The marriage was blessed with six children three living Fanny, who married James Farrow ; James W., who married Sarah Woods ; and George H., who married Mattie Branom. For thirty-five years the husband of Mrs. A. held the position of magistrate, and but two appeals were ever taken from his court. Arnett F. C Mrs. Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Arnett Wm. farmer, P.O. Waverly Arnold Wm. farmer, Waverly Ashbaugh Alvin D. farmer, Waverly Ashbaugh Charles, farmer, Waverly Asbaugh John G. speculator, Waverly Ashbaugh Sallie Miss, Waverly Ashbaugh Wm. F. teamster, Waverly ATTERBURY ALBERT H. farm- er and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Franklin. Mr. A. was born in Monroe Co., Mo., Feb. 1846 ; his father, Ashford Atterbury, was born in South Carolina, and from there moved to Kentucky ; he there married Miss Sarah Miers ; they moved to Missouri in 1828, becoming among the earliest set- tlers of that State, where it would be no uncommon occurrence to go twenty-five miles to a blacksmith shop. The old folks passed the remainder of life in Missouri. This union was blessed with nine children, four of whom are living : John M., who married Eliza Snidow, a native of Missouri; James F., who married first Miss Williams of Howard Co. Mo., and on her decease af- terward married Mrs. Burton ; D. F. mar- ried Miss Elizabeth McAllister of Morgan Co.; Albert H. grew to man's estate in Missouri, receiving the usual log-cabin ed- ucation. Ten years ago Mr. Atterbury became a resident of this county ; in 1872 he married Miss Jennie Smith, a daughter of Samuel Smith, a native of Morgan Co., and whose parents were among the first to set foot in old Morgan. Three children : Martha E., born July 15, 1872 ; Samuel A., born April 13, 1874 ; Ozias K., born June 13, 1876. Brothers of Mr. Atterbury not living : Francis M., died March 7, 1865; Robert P., died Jan. 19, 1864. Austin Chas. E. farmer, P.O. Waverly Austin Eli, Waverly Austin Elijah, Waverly Austin William, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly Agard Sanford, carp, Waverly "DAHAM DANIEL, blacksmith, Waverly *-' Bailey Henry A. farm hand, P.O. Wav- erly BANK OF WAVERLY (THE), T. E. Curtis, pres; W. W. Brown, cash. Barclay Smith, farm hand, P.O. Waverly. Barclay William, farmer, Waverly Barrett Jefferson E. Waverly Batty Edward, lumber, Waverly Batty Edwin, lumber, Waverly Beckhold Andy, renter Sec. II, P.O. Waverly Bedville Nancy, wid. Robert, Waverly BERRY COLUMBUS, farmer and stock-raiser Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Berry was born in Morgan Co., some 14 miles from the city of Jacksonville, in 1851. Morgan County has been his home, with the exception of ten years spent in Macon County. This sketch would be incomplete were we to omit to mention the parents of Columbus. His father was born in Ken- tucky, in 1805; in early manhood he mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Lower. Some forty- five years ago they became residents of Morgan Co., where the head of the family afterward became prominent in the affairs of the county, turning his attention to rail- road matters and farming. Both husband wife died in 1872. Columbus is the owner of forty acres, situated in Township 13, R. 8 TOWN 13 NORTH KANGE 8 WEST. 539 Berry Richard, farmer Sec. 9, P.O. Waverly Berryman Susan Mrs. P.O. Waverly Bird David, renter Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly BLAIR E. K., D. D. S. dentist ws Square, Waverly. Is a graduate of the Mis- souri Dental College, and is thoroughly prepared to practice in all branches of his profession Blakeney John C. tailor, Waverly BOHRER W. Gr. farmer and stock, raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Bohrer was born on the old homestead of his parents, April 2, 1835. When old enough he attended a district school, also attended a graded school in Decatur, Macon Co. Returning from Decatur to Morgan Co., he became a school-teacher. When the war of the rebellion came on, he enlisted in the lOist Illinois Infantry, for three years' service. Incapacitated from active field duties through exposure and hardship incident to army life, he remained but nine months, when he was honorably discharged and returned to Morgan Co. It should have been previously mentioned that he married prior to the rebellion Miss Susan A. Keplinger, a daughter of John Kep- linger. Has one child, Fannie M. His wife died Sept. 8, 1 860. On his return from the army, he married Miss Lucy A. Allyn, daughter of the Rev. Henry Allyn; three children : Floddie Lee, Luther R., Oscar A.' Mr. Bohrer owns 371 acres, and takes a leading position as a farmer Boyd F. M. farmer, Waverly Boynton Horace R. asst. cash. The Bank of Waverly, Waverly BRADLEY G. W. physician and sur- geon, Waverly. Is a son of R. D. Bradley, of Johnson Co., Mo., where he was born, June 25. 1838. Was educated at the Ma- sonic College, Lexington, Mo. He is a graduate of the Louisville Medical College. He went to Texas in the Spring of 1861, where he was married to Miss R. A. Death- erage, at the residence of Wm. Maddox, June 16, 1863. She was born in Waverly, Sept. 5, 1839, an d is a daughter of J. G. Deatherage, of this neighborhood. The Doctor came to Waverly in 1866. They have two children, namely: Milton Mad- dox, born March 24, 1864, and George Richard, born Nov. 1869 BRANOM A. J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Branom was born in Tennessee, August, 1830. His father Richard Branom, was a native of Stokes Co., North Carolina, and was a soldier dur- ing the war of 1812. He was married in Virginia, where he afterward removed, to Miss Ella Lawrence, a native of Maryland. By this marriage four children: James W., Mary Ann, John, and A.J. In 1852, the fam- ily moved to Bond Co., 111., where the old folks remained but a short time, when they removed to Kentucky. A. J.,who heads this sketch, was united in marriage to Miss Mar- tha Arnett, a daughter of John and Lorenzo Arnett. By this marriage twelve children, eleven of whom are living: Jas. W., Sarah C., Martha M., John D., Andrew J., Mary E., Alice, Charles H., Newton A., Minnie Belle, and Hattie Benton. Bradway James, blksmth. Waverly Bradway James W. Waverly Bradway Joseph L. tinsmith, Waverly Brian Elizabeth Mrs. Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly Brown Albert, farmer, P.O. Waverly Brown Albert C. physician, Waverly Brown Benjamin, farmer, P. O. Waverly Brown Casandre, wid. Williamson, Waverly Brown David B. farm hand, P.O. Waverly Brown Martha A. Sec. 14, P.O. Waverly Brown Mary, wid. Isaac, Waverly Brown Sylvester S. druggist, Waverly Brown William W. cash. The Bank of Wav- erly, Waverly Browning Joseph, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Bryan Daniel, farmer, Sec. 35, P. O. Waverly Bryant Charles, renter, P.O. Waverly Bryant Larkin, farmer, See. 8, P.O. Waverly Buchanan Frank, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wav- erly BUCK JOSEPH M. livery, feed, and sale stables, State street, Waverly, 111. (Successor to C. M. Scott, deceased.) Was born Nov. 20, 1850; nntil recently was en- gaged in farming, in Macoupin County. Keeps constantly on hand double and single rigs. Horses boarded and cared for on rea- sonable terms Buck William, Waverly Bullock John, renter Sec. 28, P.O. Waverly Bundy John, mail carrier, Waverly BURCH BENJAMIN, farmer and stock raiser Sec. 5, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Burch was born in Pike Co. 111. January, 540 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. 1833, where he remained up to his twenty- fourth year, when his parents removed to Morgan County, having first settled there in 1826. John W. Burch, the father of Benjamin, was born in Georgia, and raised in Kentucky; he there married Miss Mar- garet Lappington. A tanner by trade, Mr. Burch entered the employ of J. C. Cald- well, on his arrival in Morgan County; he was, however, as elsewhere stated, a resi- dent of Pike County; prior to this he was the proprietor of a tannery. Removing to the State of Georgia, he there started a tannery, which proved successful; he died in Hamburgh, Georgia; his wife died many years previous to his demise. Ten children blessed this union; eight are living. Benja- min, the oldest child, with little exception, has passed his life in Morgan County. In May, 1861, he enlisted in Co. I, Fourteenth 111. Infantry; battles Vicksburg, Shiloh, Natchez, Moon Station, and others; was promoted orderly sergeant for meritorious conduct; taken prisoner by the rebels, he was incarcerated at Andersonville; he re- mained many months, suffering innumer- ble hardships; honorably discharged from the army, he returned to Morgan County, in 1866. He married Miss Elizabeth Jones, a daughter of Robert Jones; seven children, six living: Antoinette, Beulah, Eulah, Ellalee, Ellsworth, and Howard Shelby. BURNS HARVEY M. farmer and stock raiser Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Burns was the second child of Wm. and Martha Burns, who were natives of South Carolina, and who removed to Georgia in an early day, where young Burns was born, in 1845. During his early infancy his parents removed to South Carolina, where Harvey grew to manhood. When the war came on he enlisted in the Second Carolina Cavalry, remaining in the service sixteen months; he became a participant in many battles. Returning to South Carolina after the close of the war, he remained but a short time, when he came to Illinois, settling in Morgan County, where he first worked by the month for farmers; in 1872, he married Miss Mary E. Hart, a daughter of Henry P. and Catherine Hart, whose maiden name was Major; three children: Thos. W. born Dec. 1872, Merta Bella born 1874, Melcina born 1876. Mr. Burns owns a comfortable property, consisting of 114 acres, on which he resides at the pres- ent writing /^AHILL Edmond, saloon, Waverly. Cahill Edmund, farmer, Waverly CALDWELL. J. C. deceased, a lead- ing farmer and an early settler in Morgan County, was born in Butler County, Ken- tucky, May, 1807; he was the third child of Geo. and Rhoda Caldwell, whose maiden name was Bishop; growing up on a farm in his boyhood, he became employed in a tannery, for an uncle; serving an appren- ticeship, he eventually became the superin- tendent of the works, and continuing in this capacity three years; he then, date 1827, set out in a covered wagon, loaded with leather, by way of speculation, for Illinois, locating during the autumn of that year in Morgan County, near the present farm residence of Mrs. C.; starting a tan- nery, having brought machinery for that purpose, for many years he supplied the country for miles around with oak-tanned leather; this was in all probability the first tannery started in the State or county; in 1828, Mr. C. married Miss Louisa Rogers, a daughter of the Rev. Wm. Rogers, who is well remembered for his many excellent traits of character, and who preached the first sermon in Tp. 13 8; the tannery re- ferred to proved a source of revenue, and Mr. Caldwell there procured a first start in life, afterward becoming a farmer; he first bought from the government an 8o-acre tract of land; from this came an estate of nearly a thousand acres, now the property of Mrs. C. Mr. Caldwell was well known for his generosity; an honored citizen of this county while he lived among us, he now sleeps in an honored grave. H is wife, a lady of intelligence and refinement, was born near Georgia, Kentucky, Aov. 1811, and became a resident of this county in 1826; seven children, five living: Geo. W. born in 1830, married at 24, Miss Frances Cloud, daughter of Newton Cloud; John A., unmarried, resides on the old home- stead; David H., now a icsident of Kansas, married Margaret White, of Bloomington, where he received a classical education, and where he was admitted to the bar, and TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 541 is now a prominent attorney; Leander A., married Minerva J. Woods; Mary, un- married, a lady of superior attainments, resides at home Caldwell John A. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O.Waverly Campbell Joseph, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Waverly Carpenter David, farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Waverly Carpenter Milton, farmer, P.O. Waverly Carr Alexander, farmer, Waverly Carr William, farmer, Waverly Carroll John F. printer, Waverly Carter Byron L. dry goods, Waverly Carter Hannah, wid. Orrin, Waverly Carroll John W. carpenter, Waverly Caruthers Allen, farmer, Sec. n, P.O.Waverly Caruthers John, farmer Sec. 13, P.O.Waverly Gary Lydia, wid. George, Waverly Challen J. H. agt. J.N.W.&S.E.R.R. and pump mnfr. Waverly Challen Sallie J. dressmaker, Waverly Chance Eziekel, farmer, Sec. n, P.O.Waverly Church Benjamin F." lightning rod agent, Waverly Church Charles E. elk. Waverly Church Charles H. elk. Waverly Clapp C. W. Rev. past. Cong, church, Waverly Clapp Benjamin, carp. Waverly Clark Charles, engineer, Waverly Clark C. W. engineer, Waverly Clark Sarah, wid. David, Waverly Clark Wm. farmer Sec. 29, P.O. Waverly Clark Wm. R. farmer, Waverly. Cloud Newton, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Coard Frank M. grocer, Waverly Coe Asahel, retired, Waverly COE I. H. farmer and stock raiser, Waverly. The subject of this sketch is the seventh child of Ashael and Maria Coe, natives of Torrington, Conn. Ashael Coe was born in Litchfield Co., Conn., 1799, removing to Illinois in 1839, ar >d locating inMorgan Co., near Waverly. He married, June 2, 1830, Miss Maria Wetmore, who was born in Torrington, Con.i., May 14, 1805. This marriage was blessed with eight children, five of whom participated in the late war of the rebellion. Israel was born in Morgan Co. August, 1847, and received a liberal education at Wa- verly; owns thirty acres of land Coe William, Waverly Cole Frank, miller, Waverly V Conley Isaac, retired, Waverly Conner John, farmer, P.O. Waverly Connolly James, farmer, P.O. Waverly Connor Geo. farm hand, P.O. Waverly Coons James P. ins. agt. Waverly Cooper A. C. grocer, Waverly Cooper Henry C. grocer, Waverly Cox William, H. agricultural implements, Waverly Cowan Orlando, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Cowan Robert, renter, Sec. 5, P.O. Franklin Grain John A. (Grain & Manson) Waverly Grain & Manson, dry goods and bankers, Waverly Cratty Wm. farmer, P.O. Franklin Crawford Melinda Mrs. Sec. 34, P.O. Waverly CRISWELL JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this sketch is the son of George and Jane Criswell, whose maiden name was Meredith. About 1830, George Criswell moved from Alabama to Morgan Co., set- tling in Young Blood Prairie, where John was born, in 1844. When old enough he attended a subscription school, his first teacher being Miss Julia Snow, now the wife of E. M. Rees. This school-house, built of logs, was provided with a door which swung on wooden hinges; in one end a fire-place. In this primitive dwell- ing John received his instructions in the rudiments of knowledge, sitting on rude slab seats, and at intervals eyeing the door wistfully through which he would glide with a rush, at recess. On leaving the school-room he settled down to farm life. When the war came on he enlisted in Rodger's Battery, Co. K., at Jacksonville, in 1863, for three years' service; principally engaged on scouting expeditions. He re- mained until the close of the rebellion. In 1870 he married Miss Hannah Hall, a daughter of the well known Russell Hall, a pioneer of this county. This union was blessed with two children, Edgar born 1871, and Clara, born 1874. Mr. Criswell owns a well improved farm, comprising six- ty-eight acres Curby Spencer, carp. Waverly Cunningham Cicero, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Cunningham David, lab. Waverly CURTISS AUGUSTINE A. farmer, Waverly; was born in Salisbury, Litchfield Co. Conn., April 3, 1817; was married to 542 MOEGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Miss Huldah Tanner July 20, 1848. They had one child, Laura, who .married Mr. W. W. Brown, of Waverly. She died January 20, 1870. Homer Curtiss, the father of A. A., is living with his son; was born in Litchfield Co., Conn., May 20, 1787. He came to Morgan Co. in the Spring of 1837, and settled on the farm where they now reside. He married Miss Charry Everitt October 25, 1810. She died October 30, 1876. The old gentleman is still very active and does his share of the farm work Curtiss I. H. farmer, Waverly CURTIS HOMER, a prominent citi- zen of Morgan Co., and one of the oldest residents now living in State or county; was born in Litchfield Co., Conn., May 20, 1787. During his early life he followed agricultural pursuits, and teaching school during the winter. One of his pupils, with whom he formed a cordial friendship, Mr. Sturtevant, afterward became president of the Illinois College, situated at Jackson- ville. Mr. C. was united in marriage to Miss Charry Everitt October 25, 1810. Children born of this marriage: Ora M. born August 15, 1811, wife of Martin B. Strong; Theodore E. whose portrait appears in this work, born May 28, 1813; Augus- tine A. April 3, 1817; Frederick H. March, 1825, and Lodema October 7, 1822, wife of James R. Godfrey, of Madison Co. During the Spring of 1837 Homer Curtis left Connecticut, where so" many years of his life were spent, and accompanied by his family, moved to Morgan Co., 111., and located on the farm property he now owns, consisting then and now of 200 acres. For upwards of forty years Mr. Curtis has been in our midst, and none stand higher in the estimation of the people of this county who know him, for his strict in- tegrity. In the Autumn of 1876, Mrs. C. was laid at rest. There thus passed away one of those noble women whom none know but delight to honor, and whose death was deeply deplored. Mrs. C. was born in Connecticut, in 1789. CURTIS T. JB. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Waverly. The above named gentleman was the second child of Homer and Charry Curtis. Homer Curtis, who is now in his 93d year, and who is an honored citizen of this county, was born in Litchfield County, Connecticut, and there married Miss Charry Everitt. The subject of this sketch was born in Litchfield County, Connecticut, May, 1813; there he received his education and followed farming; in 1835, Mr. C. made a visit to Morgan County, Illinois, and well pleased at the flattering prospects on the broad prairies of the West, he there determined to locate; returning to the East, he was united in marriage to Miss Laura Sackett, a daugh- ter of Justus and Polly Sackett; in 1837 Mr. Curtis again wended his way to Illi- nois, locating in Morgan County, where he entered forty acres of land, and purchased one hundred and twenty; his possessions, at that time, were limited, but he gained slowly, year by year, and by judicious in- vestments and rare judgment, he is to- day one of our most substantial farmers; and has arrived at his present prosperous condition through indomitable will; owning some four hundred acres in the vicinity of Waverly. Mr. Curtis now lives to enjoy the fruits of his early labor; the first wife of Mr. C. died in 1867, the following year he was united in marriage to Miss Augusta L. Tupper, a daughter of Martyn Tupper, a native of Connecticut. For a period of four years Mr. Curtis conducted a success- ful business at Waverly, firm name, Rose, Curtis & Co.; this honorable firm were well known to the citizens of this county; although now retired from active labor, and living on his farm property, the energy that marked his youth, is still a distinguish- ing trait of his character. Mr. Curtis is president of the Bank of Waverly Curven Arthur, repairer, Waverly Gushing John, farmer, Waverly D AVIDSON T. J. carp. Waverly DAVENPORT MADISON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27; P.O. Waverly; was born in Casey County, Kentucky, Nov. i, 1842; parents of Madison were William and Rebecca, who were natives of Ken- tucky, and Delaware, respectively; receiv- ing as liberal an education as time and circumstances permitted, living in the South where union and dis-union were equally divided, then in his eighteenth year, TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 543 he was compelled alternately to enter the Northern and Southern armies; in 1863 he made his way over the northern lines into Illinois, settling in Morgan County. On May 12, 1866, he married Miss Nancy Cox, a daughter of Corydon and Mary; five chil- dren : Wm. W., born Oct. 27, 1866; Lee M., born Aug. 6, 1868; Laure E., born Oct. 20, 1869; Carrie B., born July 24, 1872; Ida M., born Feb. 17, 1874. Mrs. Davenport was born June 2, 1849 Dealer Allen, renter, P.O Waverly DEATHERAGE ACHILLES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Wa- verly. Mr. Deatherage, who is one of the original pioneers of old Morgan, was the youngest of a family of eight children; he was born in Stokes County, North Caro- lina, Feb. 8, 1799; hi g earlier years he pas- sed in North Carolina; from this State his parents made their way into Kentucky, where the subject of this notice received all the education that he ever got three months schooling; in those days but few were advanced in the pathway of know- ledge to a greater extent than Mr. D., in his twenty-fifth year. In 1826, hearing of the fertility of Illinois, set out in the well- known prairie-schooner, and located on the south fork of the Mauvaisterre; during the autumn he raised a crop; in 1827, he moved to within a quarter of a mile from where he now lives; in 1828 he married Miss Melinda Rogers, daughter of Wm. Rogers, a native of Kentucky. At this early date wild game abounded; bruin could often be seen taking his morning's walk, while the stealthy tread of the panther was often heard outside the frontiersman's log cabin; when the deep snow of 1831, fell, he found it incumbent upon him, to gather corn, the snow, at times, in a moist condi- tion would compel him to wade waist- deep. When Black Hawk made war on the whites, he took an active part; when General Gaines and Black Hawk met for a consultation, Mr. D. had a full view of the famous Indian chief; crippled by his horse falling upon him, during this upris- ing, the incidents transpiring during this war, are vividly impressed on his memory; during the sudden change in the weather, in 1836, he was the keeper of an inn, and relates that the stage coach, filled with passengers, and driven by James White, of this county, arrived at his house, none of whom had wholly escaped the biting north wind. The pioneer, even in his most san- guine moments, never realized the great improvements soon to become manifest in the State, and witnessed for the first time, with astonishment, the rapidly running lo- comotive, which gave place to the slowly moving ox team. Mr. D., from whom this sketch is obtained, lives on his farm of 200 acres, and is an honored citizen of this county; children: Winston, who married Eliza Watkins; Fannie, who married Rev. Robert Halliday; Newton, who married Druesilla Birch; and Charles R., who mar- ried Eliza Austin Deatherage Bathsheba, wid. George, Waverly Deatherage Charles, farmer, Sec. 10; P.O. Waverly Deatheraye Coleman, farmer, Sec. 9; born Aug. 10, 1875; one of the oldest pioneers of this county Deatherage Edna Mrs. Waverly Deatherage Erastus, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P. O. Waverly Deatherage George, teamster, Waverly Deatherage James, elk. Waverly Deatherage James, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Deatherage John A. farmer, P.O. Waverly Deatherage J. W. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Waverly Deatherage Kellis, renter, P.O. Waverly Deatherage Milton, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Waverly DEATHERAGE WILLIAM, far- mer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly. The above-named gentleman, now upward of eighty years of age, and one of the first settlers of Morgan County, was a son of George and Millie Deatherage, who were natives of Virginia, who afterward remo.ved to North Carolina, where the subject of this sketch was born, as near as can be ascertained, in 1796. While still young, his parents moved to Kentucky, and there William grew to manhood. In 1826, when but few save the hunter or trapper made their way westward, William Deatheridge, then in the flush of early manhood, set out for Illinois, and making his way into fhe interior, settled on Apple Creek. At this early stage of the county's progress Jack- 544 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. sonville contained but little; and to use Mr. Deatheradge's own language, the groceries, provisions and dry goods that the village contained could easily be transported in a common lumber wagon. Returning to the straight line of our narrative, we find that Mr. D. settled on Apple Creek, where he entered -land from the government. Some years from the date of his arrival, he mar- ried Miss L. S. Rogers, a native of Virginia. He now settled down to the hard task of breaking prairie, raised small grain, and fattened cattle and hogs for the market, which brought but little for the labor ex- pended. He lived year after year a con- tented life, his neighbors sociable and friendly, though living miles away; when the day's work drew to a close, and the hard work of the farm was over, the humble yet neat home was always an attractive spot for the bread-winner. As the country became settled up, his children attended the district schools, which had given place to the frontiersman's cabin. A successful farmer and an upright citizen, after a long life, marked by many privations, he lives in retirement on his farm property, where so many years of his life have been spent. Six children; five living: Panoran, Georgi- ana, Mary E., Elvira L., and Melinda F. Mr.'D.was the second Postmaster on Apple Creek Deatherage William W. brickyard, Waverly Defrates Manuel, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Waverly Dennis Ansil R. grocer, Waverly Dennis Gabriel, farmer, Waverly Dennis G. H. farmer, Waverly Dennis James H. clerk, Waverly Dennis Reuben, wagonmkr. Waverly Dennis Thomas, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O.Waverly Dennis Thomas G. wagonmkr. Waverly Dennis William M. wagonmkr. Waverly Dennison Samuel J. teamster, Waverly Dewier William, renter, P.O. Waverly Dikes Wm. B. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly Dodd E. farmer, P.O. Waverly Dodd Jefferson, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Waverly Dodd J. W. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly Dodd Newton, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Waverly Dohrs Chris, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Dougherty Harvey, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Dougherty Kane, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Downs Hardin, teamster, Waverly Downs William, farmer, Waverly Drew Warner W. carp. Waverly Dunavan W. grocer, Waverly DUNCAN J. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Waverly. Mr. D. was born in North Carolina, May, 1840. His par- ents, moving to Virginia, he there remained until he attained his fourteenth year, when he went to Missouri, where his mother died. The father, not altogether pleased with the prospect in Misssouri, removed to Virginia. Of a restless, stirring disposition, however, prior to the rebellion he made his way to Illinois, where he lived in the sev- eral counties of Morgan, Sangamon and Macoupin. J. C., who heads this sketch, married Mrs. Arminda J. Allis, relict of Richard Allis, and a daughter of Andrew J. Stice, an old pioneer of this county. Mrs. Duncan died April 27, 1878, leaving to the care of her husband five children: Clara A., Ira J., Irwin L., Minnie A., and Chas. W. GEORGE C. clerk J..N.W.& -' S.E.R.R. Waverly Eddings Mary E. Mrs. dressmkr. Waverly Edwards Francis, renter, P.O. Waverly Edwards Jendon, renter, P.O. Waverly Edwards Martin, wagonmkr. Waverly EDWARDS RICHARD M. car- riage and wagonmkr. and general black- smith, Elm St., Waverly. Was born in Mt. Vernon. Jefferson Co., 111., Feb. n, 1844; moved from there to Alton, 111., in 1848, and came to Morgan Co. in 1856. Settled in Waverly in October, 1876, and engaged in the above business. Was mar- ried Dec. 31, 1867, to Miss Mary E. Brown. She was born in Macoupin Co., 111., May I, 1839. They have three children living. namely: Daisy Dean, born June 22, 1872; Mary Blanche, born April 23, 1874; tne other child, a girl, born the morning this was written. Mr. E. professed religion Dec. 18, 1866; was baptized by the Rev. W. P. Hart; a life-long Democrat Edgemon Samuel, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly ELDREDGE L,. R. Waverly, dealer in fancy goods, pictures, brackets, jewelry, toys, etc. Epling Floyd, carp. Waverly Evans James W. farmer, Waverly EVERETT R. F. farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Everett TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 545 was the second son of Gamaliel and Nancy Everett. His father was a native of Sharon, Litchfield Co., Conn. Born in 1795, he married in Connecticut Miss Nancy Wood. Going back to the years that have passed, we find that his father was among the first to find a home in Connecticut; and what is somewhat remarkable, the property in pos- session of the grandfather for over a cen- tury, is still retained by a later generation. The mother of Mr. E. is still living, up- ward of eighty years of age. His father departed this life many years ago. *The subject of this notice remained in Connecti- cut until he had attained his thirty-eighth year. He married, in 1851, Miss Ellen H. Curtis, a daughter of Erastus and Harriet, whose maiden name was Tanner. During the Spring of 1860, Mr. E. moved to Illi- nois, settling on the farm property now owned by R. C. Curtis. Renting two years, he then purchased the property he now owns consisting of 200 acres, formerly 220. This fine property was originally purchased in small tracts. Mr. E. is one of our live, energetic men, who keeps pace with the public improvements of the day. The mar- riage of Mr. Everett to Miss Curtis was blessed with two children, Erastus C., born May 5, 1853; Adeline, born 1855 Everett E. C. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly BANNING GEORGE B. farmer, Waverly Farrow C. H. lab. Waverly Farrow Fanny R. wid. James, Waverly Fenn Joshua S. bookseller, Waverly Finley John, lab. Waverly Finn William, lab. Waverly Fishback Joseph, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Wa- verly Fisher Henry, farmer. Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly Fleming Grant, elk. Waverly Fletcher W. F. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Waverly Flinn Thomas, renter, P.O. Waverly Flowers Joseph, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Fogg Noah, carpenter, Waverly Follis Anderson, renter, P.O. Waverly Follis Levi, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Waverly Ford Gilman, painter, Waverly Ford Henry, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Ford J. M. painter, Waverly Ford Louis, lab. Waverly Funk H. T. farm hand, P.O Waverly /^IBSON DAVID E. retired, Waverly ^"^ Gilbert Louise Mrs. Waverly Gilpin Henry, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Waverly Gilpin Henry, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly GIVENS ROBERT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Waverly; fifth child of W. T. and Lydia Givens, natives of Tennessee and Kentucky respectively; Rob- ert was born on the old homestead of his parents, in the bounds of Morgan County, March, 1840; he received a liberal educa- tion, attending school principally during the winter season; he qualified himself for the position of teacher, although he has from boyhood devoted his attention to farming; December, 1861, he married Miss Josephine Armstrong, a daughter of Michael and Rebecca Armstrong. Shortly after Mr. G. became a teacher; this proved irksome to one of his temperament, and was aban- doned; Mr. G. is a gentleman of culture and judgment, and makes the farm a suc- cess, owning 160 acres; on this was lately erected a handsome frame dwelling; this marriage was blessed with one child, born October, 1862, in Morgan Co. Givens W. T. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly Givens W. T. jr. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Wa- verly Gleasner Henry, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Wa- verly GOLDSMITH JOHN H. printer, Waverly, 111; was born in Morgan Co., 111., Feb. 27 1839; was a member of the I4th Illinois Infantry during the war, and upon the consolidation of that regiment with the I5th Illinois Infantry, became Sergeant- Major of the two, known as the " Veteran Battalion I4th and I5th" Illinois Infantry; was taken prisoner at Ackworth, Ga., Oct. 4, 1864, and confined in Andersonville prison until March 28, 1865; at the close of the war worked in Springfield, 111., as a compositor in the Journal office; was mar- ried to Miss Nannie B. Morris, in Waver- ly, 111., Nov. 7, 1871; removed to Waverly in May, 1872, and started the Waverly Times, which lived but a few months; one son, J. Berther M., born December I3th, 1875 Gooch William, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Wa- verly Goocher John, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly 546 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Goodel T. C. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly Goodpasture W. W. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Gorman Harrison, farmer, Waverly Gottschall Wm. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Grankey Chas. W. farm hand, P,O. Waverly Grankey Frederick, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Wa- verly Grankey John, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly Grankey Nancy Mrs. P.O. Waverly Graves Jeremiah, farmer, Waverly Graves William H. farmer, Waverly Green Catherine, wid. Oliver, Waverly Groves Geo. farm hand, P.O. Waverly Groves Jacob, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Gudzwiller Francis J. carpenter, Waverly Gustin M. C. plasterer, Waverly Gustin William M. carpenter, Waverly TT AIRGBOVE JOSEPH X. far- mer and stock raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Wa- verly Haisley John, harnessmaker, Waverly Haley B. W. C. schoolteacher, P.O. Wa- verly Halpin Patrick, blacksmith, Waverly HAM GEORGE A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly; the gentle- man who heads this sketch was the oldest son of Martin and Mary A. Ham, natives of Kentucky and j Illinois respectively; Martin Ham was a farmer in Kentucky, and there passed the best years of his life; in 1834 he made a visit to Morgan County, and not liking the prospect returned to Kentucky, where he passed the remainder of his days; in 1870 George A. became a resident of this county, and the same year he united his fortunes with Miss Martha E. Rowland, a daughter of Alexander Row- land; he had by this marriage four chil- dren, two of whom are living, Wm. O. and Nettie L.; in 1861 Mr. Ham enlisted in a Kentucky regiment known as the I34th, serving nine months; he was honorably discharged at Cincinnati, Ohio, and re- turned to Kentucky; Mr. Ham owns 40 acres of well improved land Hamilton James, renter, Sec. 6, P.O. Frank- lin Hanley George W. grocer, Waverly Hardman J. S. retired, Waverly Hardman John A. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Wa- verly HARFORD JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly, who has wit- nessed vast changes in the growing We^t, is one of the oldest residents of Morgan Co.; the oldest child of Daniel and Sophia Harford, natives of Virginia and Ohio. Daniel Harford married Miss Sophia Curry in Ohio, in 1829 ; he emigrated to Illinois, accompanied by his wife and two children, and settled in the neighborhood of Frank- lin; one year later he removed to Macou- pin Co., where he lived twenty years in succession, and where he now resides. It is said that Mr. H. was one of the best pro- ducers of Indian corn in this section of the country. Twenty-three years ago his wife died, leaving to her husband's care six children : Steven, Mary, Elias, Caroline, George, and John, who heads this, and of whom it will be well to append a short sketch : he was born in Ohio, May 27, 1827; he attended a subscription school, where the studies were confined principally to a Webster's spelling book ; he married July 24, 1849, Mi gs Harriet Landreth, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Landreth. Mr. H. was enrolled as a volunteer during the war with Mexico, but the company he joined never entered upon active service. On the breaking out of the rebellion he enlisted in Co. H. I22d 111. Inft. for three years' ser- vice ; in 1862 in the following battles : Nashville, Blakely, and Parker's Cross Roads ; honorably discharged on the close of the war, he returned to Morgan Co. This marriage was blessed with six chil- dren, two of whom are living Mary Jane and Harriet S. Harmon A. S. machinist, Waverly Harney Alonzo, tinner, Waverly HARNEY A. A. farmer and stock rais- er, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly, son of James and Martha Harney, natives of Kentucky and Illinois respectively. For a number of years Mr. Harney was a clerk in the South- ern States ; by trade a tinner, which he fol- lowed successfully for some years in Waver- ly, in Morgan Co. He married Miss Julia Ashbaugh, a daughter of J. G. Ashbaugh, whose father was one of the old line pioneers of this county. The marriage of A. A. Harney to Miss Ashbaugh was blessed with one child Mattie B. born April 10, 1876. As James Harney was well and favorably TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 547 known in this county, we append a short sketch of his life : he was by trade a black- smith, working at this vocation many years; it is thought that he took part in the Black- hawk war. In the early history of the county he secured land from the govern- ment by means of the organization of a party known as the Phalany. During the late war of the rebellion he took an active part, and died at Arkansas Post a brave soldier. He found a last resting place on southern soil. There were but two chil- dren of whom the subject of this sketch is the youngest Harris Judson, elk. Waverly HARRIS WM. P. farmer, P.O. Wa- verly, son of Charles and Sarah Harris, born May 7, 1807, in Green Co., Ky.; when fourteen years old his father died ; he con- tinued to live with his mother, assisting in the maintenance of the family until his marriage, which occurred Aug. 10, 1827, to Miss Melinda, daughter of John and Patsy (Fanem) Miller. His mother died at the old home place in Green Co., Ky., in 1851. Mr. Harris continued to live in Kentucky two years after his marriage, he then moved to Morgan Co., 111., date 1829. Stopping at Shurtleffs Stand, near where is now Waverly, he purchased provisions which depleted his purse to a surprising degree as he then had but a quarter of a dollar, one horse, a wagon, and a few articles of furniture. This was an early day in the history of Morgan Co.; but a few short years before, the North American Indians were as the leaves of the forest, whose ech- oing footsteps had scarcely died away, be- fore the onward sweep of the white man. Mr. Harris first stopped four miles south of Jacksonville ; he next moved to Macou- pin County, locating six miles southwest of what is now Scottville, where he remained fourteen years and made his first purchase of land in Illinois, a tract of 200 acres. In 1849 he sold this and moved to the head of Indian Creek, Morgan Co., where he lived three years ; while here his wife, who had been the companion of his youth, died, May 5, 1851 Soon after the decease of his wife Mr. H. settled in Sangamon Co., Saomi township, and purchased 400 acres of land, and afterward became the owner of 1,100 acres, a magnificent property. There stands near Waverly a handsome dwelling house, owned by Mr. Harris, a monument of his early industry. Few men, from such a humble beginning, have succeeded as well in life as the subject of this sketch, and none who have evinced more pluck and en- durance, and whose many good traits of character will long be remembered. Mr. H. is of Welsh origin ; his grandfather was born in Wales; coming to Virginia before the American revolution, in which he took an active part. On the close of the war he continued to live in Virginia ; he had three sons Robert, John, and Charles, who was the father of Wm.; moved from Virginia to Kentucky, where he died; he raised a fam- ily of seven children, viz: Mrs. Hester (Samuel) Curry, Mrs. Sarah (John) Close, Mrs. Polly (Smith) Warfield, Mrs. (Jacob) Beer, Elizabeth, Mrs. Nancy (David) Vic- tor, and Wm. P. His children by first marriage : Sarah C., wife of James Arnold ; Elizabeth, wife of Wm Colbert ; Nancy, wife of Dr. McVey ; Charles ; Martha, wife of Enoch Gilpen; Wm. H.; Thos. J and Enoch T.; two children died in early in- fancy Harris W. H. H. elk. Waverly Hart George, renter, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Hart Henry, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Hart Jacob, farmer, Waverly Hart James, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Hart James M. farmer, P.O. Waverly Hart Leonard, farmer, P.O. Waverly Hart Walter, renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Waverly Hart Wm. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly Hart Wm. farmer, Waverly Hazzard Mrs. Waverly Henderson Buck, P.O. Waverly Henderson John, farmer, Waverly Herschler Christian, barber, Waverly Hewes M. A. Rev. pastor M. E. church, Waverly HILTON AMANDA MRS. widow of George O. Hilton; was born in Morgan County, in 1835; in 1860, Mrs. H. whose maiden name was Dennis, was married to Geo. O. Hilton, who was born in Morgan County in 1835. Mr. H. was a farmer, up to the year 1868; when he determined to enter upon the ministry, and accordingly by Conference he was appointed a cir- cuit preacher; called upon to preside over a congregation in Montana, he 548 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. left his home in Illinois, and in six short weeks, from the time he left, was killed by the falling of a tree; an earnest Christian worker, his death was deeply deplored, even by the rough men of Montana, who had known so little of him. Since the death of her husband, Mrs. Hilton resides on her farm property, in close proximity to where her father settled, when Morgan County knew but little improvements; there are five children, Wm. W., Jas. L., Thos. H., Mary E., and Oscar S. Hilyard Joseph, farmer, Waverly Hines Isaac, farmer, P.O. Waverly Hobson M. C. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly Hodge Jas. M. renter, P.O. Waverly Hodgerson Geo. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wa- verly HOLMES GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly; the gentleman who heads this sketch,was born in Knox County, Tennessee, April 7, 1829; his father, George Holmes, was a native of North Carolina; but little can be learned of his early history; he married in North Carolina, Miss Elizabeth Bird, the daugh- ter of Thomas Bird. George, sr., moved to Knox County, Tennessee, where he follow- ed farming, and where his wife died; dur- ing the sixteenth year of the subject of this notice, date 1850. The head of the family died in Overton County, Tennessee, in 1866. The subject of this biography grew up in Tennessee, there received his educa- tion, and married in his twenty-fourth year, 1852, Miss Minerva Taylor, a daughter of Simeon A. Taylor, a native of Tennessee; the following year found them en route for Illinois; they settled in Morgan County, and first rented farm property; when the war of the rebellion came on, George en- listed in the Thirteenth Illinois Cavalry, Company G, remaining in service three years; he participated in many engage- ments; honorably discharged at the close of the war; he returned to Morgan County, where he has since resided; owning forty acres of land; eleven children; John, born March 21, 1853, married Miss Amelia Large; Lucinda Jane, born Aug. 15, 1854, married John Lines, and now resides in Virden, Macoupin County; George S. born Jan. 23, 1858, died in 1861; Laura A. born Oct. 4, 1859; Aaron Z. born May 4, 1861; Minerva, born Nov. 19, 1865; Edward, born June 14, 1868; Mary Ida, born Dec. 30, 1869; James F. born Feb. 20, 1871; child of John Holmes, who is the oldest son of George Holmes; Nancy A. born Feb. 7, 1877 Holmes John H. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Wa- verly Holmes Fredrick, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Wa- verly Hubbard Jas. H. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Wa- verly HUBBARD THOS. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly; Mr. Hub- bard was born in Madison County, Ken- tucky, Sept. 27, 1815; his father, John Hubbard, was a native of Kentucky; a farmer by occupation. He married, in Kentucky, Miss Elizabeth Parks, and dur- ing the Autumn of 1831, they set out for Illinois, and on arrival, located in Greene County; Thos. Hubbard, who accompanied his parents to Illinois, married in his twenty-first year, in Greene County, Miss Sarah Morrow, a daughter of Allen Mor- row, a native of North Carolina; for a short time Mr. Hubbard lived in Greene County, and then moved to Mason County, where he followed farming twelve years; return- ing to Greene County, he purchased an interest in a grist mill. In 1856, he became a resident of Morgan County, where he now resides, on his farm property, com- prising 86^ acres; having the confidence of the people, Mr. H. has held numerous offices, as Assessor, etc., etc. This mar- riage was blessed with nine children, only three of whom are living: Sarah A., Thos. M., and Jas. H., who reside on the old homestead. Hubbard Thomas M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly Hurtt Charles, lab. Waverly Hurtt Henry, farmer Waverly Hutchison Bros. & Co. millers, Waverly Hutchison David B. miller, Waverly Hutchison James E. elk. Waverly Hutchison John M. miller, Waverly Hutchison William A. druggist, Waverly JACKSON ELISHA, farmer, Waverly Jackson George H. foreman, Waverly Javins Samuel, retired, Waverly Johnson Allen, lab. Waverly TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 549 Jolly John W. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly Jones Alexander, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Wa- verly Jones Elah, farmer, Sec. u, P.O. Waverly Jones James, farmer, P.O. Waverly Jones Lucy, wid. Titus, Waverly JONES ROBERT A. representative farmer of Morgan County, was born in Morgan County, Tenn., in 1818; his father, Waitman Jones, was born in Franklin County, Virginia, in 1797; tracing this family farther, Robert A., the grandfather, was born in England, in 1748, of a wealthy and distinguished family; he acquired a liberal education, and became one among the noted scholars of England; he then married an English lady, who died in Eng- land, and whose name is unknown; by this marriage two children: Edward and Phoebe; to better his fortunes he crossed the Atlan- tic, years before steamboats were seen on the broad waters; settling in Franklin County, Virginia, he there married Miss Susan Richards, by whom he had eight ' children, six of whom grew to maturity; names: Edward, Phoebe, Reuben, Eliza- beth, Waitman, and Susan; Robert A. Jones died in Virginia, after a long and busy life; Waitman, the father of the sub- ject of this notice, grew up in Virginia and Tennessee, where he married Miss Esther Stewart; by this marriage twelve children: Robert, Mary, Brice, Susannah, Reuben, Edward, Elah, Phoebe. Elizabeth, Esther Jane, Hannah A. and Winny C.; Mr. Jones settled some five miles from Waverly, in Morgan County, in 1828; he had on arrival but $9.50 in money, and a pony; his family small, but each strove and worked for a better condition of affairs; in Morgan county the old folks passed the remainder of their lives, where they were living wit- nesses of the stirring scenes of western life. Robert, who heads this sketch, grew up on the homestead, and when old enough at- tended a subscription school; his present liberal education was derived by his own indomitable will, long after his schooling ended; Mr. Jones married, in Macoupin County, Miss Letitia Ann England; by this marriage fourteen children: Catherine M., Elah, Minerva, Martha Ann, John, Lucinda, Elizabeth, Esther J., Susannah, Mary M., Waitman A., Jas. P., Wm. D., and Samuel E., ten of whom are living; Mr. Jones, like many men of enterprise, commenced life with but little save a rugged will; his first tax receipt was for 37 cents, a vast difference compared to his present prosperous condition, owning 600 acres of valuable land, and Waverly prop- erty, and takes a front rank as a farmer and citizen of this county Jones Timothy, farmer, P.O. Waverly Jones Watemon, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Waverly Jones W. A. foreman, Waverly Jones Wm. D. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Waverly Jones William R. teamster, Waverly Jossi Louis, painter, Waverly T/"ELLER GEO. M. school teacher, P.O. "" Waverly Kellogg George M. grocer, Waverly Kemper Casper, restaurant, Waverly Kennedy Catherine, wid. William, Waverly KENNEDY M. S. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Waverly. The above named gentleman, who is widely known for his enterprise and liberality, was the youngest of a family of thirteen children, and was born in East Tennessee, October, 1824; in 1831, the family moved to Indiana, settling on timbered land obtained from the government; five years after his arrival the father died; Mrs. Kennedy, left an estate of 160 acres, disposed of this, and during the Autumn of 1839, moved to Morgan County, Illinois, where land was rented of Governor Duncan; on this estate was raised their first crop in Illinois; the following year they moved to the farm of Captain John Wiatt, and remained some three years; the subject of this sketch grew up among the pioneer boys of his day; in Indiana he received his preliminary educa- tion, which was afterward brought to com- pletion in Illinois; in his twenty-fourth year, 1849, he married Miss Mary A. Bur- nett, a daughter of Jas. H.; Mrs. Kennedy died in 1852; two children: Mary Ann, deceased, and Sophronia, now the wife of Geo. Evans; in April, 1853, Mr. Kennedy married Miss Elizabeth Rohrer; by this marriage four children, three living: Wm. L., John, and Edward R.; for four years Mr. K. was a merchant in Waverly, where he built up a reputation for honesty and MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. integrity; during the war he was elected justice of the peace, in which capacity he served faithfully, and became quite popular; on retirement from office he turned his at- tention to buying and shipping stock; sus- taining a heavy loss in the shipping of hogs, he in consequence, many years ago, abandoned this, with the exception of shipping stock grazed on his farm, com- prising 500 acres, on which he erected, some years ago, a large and spacious brick residence; fourteen years ago Mr. K. was elected township treasurer, which office he yet fills to the satisfaction of the people; for several years he served as one of the board of trustees at Waverly; one year served as president of the board; for the past five years as assessor in the district where he lives Kent Enoch, blacksmith, Waverly Keplinger Fannie, wid. Thomas, Waverly KEPL.INGER FRANK, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this biography was the oldest son of John E. Keplinger, who was born in Tennessee, near Jonesboro, June 18, 1818; when John E. was six years 'of age his parents emigrated to Illinois, and located on the Mauvaisterre; this, as near as can be ascertained, was in 1824; growing to man- hood on the homestead of his father, he acquired a vigor that laid the foundation of his future success in life; his education was received in a log cabin; he married, in 1843, Miss Loretta Harris, a daughter of Wm. Harris; this marriage was blessed with seven children, five living; Frank, who heads this sketch, was born Jan. 15, 1844, in Morgan County; received his preliminary education at district schools, which was afterward completed at Bloomington high school; during the late war he enlisted in Co. B, Tenth Illinois Infantry, at Jacksonville; he was then in his twentieth year; became engaged in battles fought by Sherman dur- ing his march to the sea; honorably dis- charged July 18, 1865, he returned to Mor- gan County, where he married, Jan. 15, 1868, Miss Rachel Holliday, a daughter of Wm. Holliday, a physician, and Mariah, whose maiden name was Bachelor; two children: Hattie M., and Benjamin Keplinger John E. grocer, Waverly Keplinger J. Wesley, Waverly KIMBER ALONZO L. physician and surgeon, office ws Square, r on his farm on the east side of the city Waver- ly, 111.; was born in Cadiz, Harrison Co., Ohio, Nov. 10, 1825; was educated at the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, Ohio; came to Illinois in the Fall of 1854; graduated at Rush Medical College, Chi- cago, in the Spring of 1857; located for the practice of medicine in Prairie City, McDonough Co., 111., and in the Spring of 1859 removed to this place, where he has remained Kingdon John, butcher, Waverly Knapp Susan, wid. George, Waverly T ACY WILLIAM K. carp. Waverly Lambert Thomas, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly L.ANDRETH J. O. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly. The sub- ject was the seventh child of a family of eleven children; his father, Jonathan Lan- dreth, who has lived in Macoupin .Co. since 1833, was born in Virginia, 1800; on' his emigration to Illinois, in 1821, he mar- ried Miss Mary Thompson in Union Co. J. O. Landreth is worthy of more than a passing notice; he was born in Virginia, in 1832; one year later, as elsewhere stated, his parents moved to Macoupin Co.; close to the neighborhood where he now lives were passed the early years of young Lan- dreth; in 1856 he married Miss Martha A. Yowell, a daughter of James and Emily Yowell, natives of Kentucky, who moved to Illinois in 1851; by this marriage five children: Luella, born 1857, Ora, born 1859, Olivia, born 1862, James A. born 1864, Noah W. H. born 1873; after his marriage Mr. Landreth attended a course of medical lectures at Chicago, and has practiced to such an extent as do not conflict with his farm duties the profession of a physician. In 1873 he was elected justice of the peace. For many years Mr. Landreth has fol- lowed farming; owns eighty acres. It should be stated that Mr. L. attended the lec- tures heretofore mentioned at Rush Col- lege in 1864, and has been a hard working student in his profession Lankton Chauncey W. miller, Waverly Lankton Jule C. grocer, Waverly Landrith Mary Miss, Waverly TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 551 Large Adam, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Large Alexander, renter, Sec. 32, P.O. Wa- verly Large Peter, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly Large Robert, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly LAWS JOHN P. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Laws was born in Scott Co., 111., July, 1844; his parents, Stephen and Sarah, were early resi- dents of Morgan Co., afterward removing to Scott Co., where the elder Laws followed for many years the calling of a cooper; in this county young Laws passed the earlier years of his life; at twenty-three he married Miss Margaret E. Crisman, a daughter of E. M. Crisman, the noted stock dealer of Scott Co. It should have been previously stated that in his eighteenth year Mr. L. enlisted in the war for the Union, in Co. F., I2gth 111. Inf., sharing the hardships of Sher- man's Atlanta campaign; he became en- gaged in the battles of Kenesaw Mountain, Resaca, Dallas, Peach Tree Creek, Buz- zard Roost, Atlanta, Burnt Hickory, etc.; promoted corporal; on the close of the war he was honorably discharged and returned to Scott Co., where he married; two years later, he removed to old Morgan, where he owns an estate of eighty acres; by this marriage three children ; only one living: John Elmer, born Dec. I, 1877; Sallie L. and Edgar S. deceased Lawson George M. wagon maker, Waverly LEAK THOMAS, farmer and stock ra'iser, Sec. 21, P.O. Waverly; youngest child of George and Jane Leak. George Leak was born in Yorkshire, England, and there married Miss Jane Hiles; six chil- dren were born of this marriage: Wil- liam, John, George, Thomas, Alice, and Fanny. During the Spring of 1851, the family stepped on board a sailing vessel bound for America, landmg in New York City; there they remained during the sum- mer, and during the autumn of that year moved to Illinois and settled on the Mau- vaisterre. For some two years George Leak worked for Judge Wood, and then rented the land now owned by Daniel Sevier, where he died; his wife survived him many years, being laid at rest in 1876. Thomas, whose name stands at the top of this sketch, was born in Yorkshire, England, Sept. II, 1835; when the family arrived in Morgan Co. he had attained his sixteenth year; he married, at twenty-one, Miss Mary Jane Jones, a daughter of James and Har- riet Jones; by this marriage six children, three of whom are living: George D., James, and Josephine; Martha, Harriet, John deceased. Since his arrival in Mor- gan Co., Mr. Leak has followed farming, owning seventy acres Leak Wm. dry goods, Waverly Leigh E. F. elk. Waverly Lindsey Wm. plasterer, Wavevly Lobb J. B. farm hand; P.O. Waverly Lombard Gilbert, constable, Waverly Lombard Joseph, wagon maker, Waverly Long Geo. C. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Franklin Loving Geo. W. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Wa- verly Luther Charles, farmer, Waverly Luttrell Thomas, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O.Waverly Luttrell Thomas J. renter, P.O. Waverly Luttrell Sarah, wid. Hiram, Waverly Lynch Charles, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly Lynch James, lab. Waverly Lyons James, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Waverly 1X/TACK IREN, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. *** Waverly Mader Christopher, barber, Waverly Maher Wm. lab. Waverly MANSON JAMES W. of the firm Grain & Hanson, dry goods' merchants and bankers, ws Square, Waverly 111.; was born June 2, 1826, in Frederick X^o., Mary- land; came to Morgan Co., 111., in the Spring of 1838, with his father, Jonathan Manson; was married Sept. 6, 1849, to Miss Ruth Hamilton, daughter of Rev. John C. Hamilton; she died May 5, 1853; was married June 17, 1856, to Miss Abbie A. Thompson, daughter of Oswald Thomp- son, of Cass Co.; she was born Sept. 19, 1838, in Cass Co.; have five children liv- ing by his last wife, namely: Clara I. , born March 28, 1857, Wm. O. born Oct. 9, 1858, Emma born May 5, 1864, Frankie and Nellie born May 10, 1871 Manson Mary A. wid. J. Waverly Manson William O cash. Crain & Manson, Waverly MARSHALL WM. H. grocer, Pearl St., Waverly, 111.; was born in Jacksonville, Morgan Co., March 19, 1857; moved to 552 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Carlinville, Macoupin Co., 111., with his parents in 1864, where his father died on the 22d day of February, 1874 ; his mother married the second time to Daniel Dulls, Esq., Coroner of Macoupin Co. ; Mr. M. received his education at Black- burn University at Carlinville, where he has resided since 1864 until September, 1877, when he moved to Jacksonville, and in April, 1878, he came to Waverly and embarked in the grocery business Martin Henry, farm hand, P.O. Wavirly Martin Michael, Waverly Maupin Elijah, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Mayfield Ellison, renter, Sec, 10, P.O. Wa- verly McCasland Charles D, stock-dealer, Waverly McCracken John, farmer, Waverly McDevitt John, farmer, P.O. Waverly McGlolti.i James, renter, P.O. Waveriy McKee Robert, Waverly McMahan Isiah, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Wa- verly McMahan John D. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Wa- verly McMahan J. S. farm hand, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly McVey George R. farmer, Waverly McVEY R. E. physician and surgeon west side Square, Waverly, was born in Madison County, 111., Nov. 19, 1828 ; in 1852 was married to Margaret J. Hutchi- son, of Waverly, Morgan Co., 111., who died of bilious fever the following June ; was married again Dec. 28, 1854, to Miss Nancy Harris, of Sangamon Co., Ill, when they moved tD Girard, Macoupin Co.. where he was connected with a steam flour- ing mill. Here the first child, Mary M. was born Jan. n, 1856, and died Feb. 10 the same year. In the Spring of 1857 moved to Nilwood, 111., where he was en- gaged in mercantile pursuits and in the study of medicine, and there the second child, Virginia A. was born Aug. 5, 1857, and died Sept. 20, 1858. In 1859, removed to Waverly, where he still resides, and con- tinued the study of medicine ; graduated at Rush Medical College, Chicago, 111., in 1861 Since his residence in Waverly four children have been born : the oldest of whom, Carrie was born Nov. 23, 1861 ; the next, William Edley, June 30, 1864, and the youngest who are twins, Nellie and Nan- nie, Sept. 3, 1874. Dr. McVey is a mem- ber of the Morgan County Medical Society, Illinois State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. Dr. Mc- Vey is engaged in general practice, and makes nervous diseases a specialty, and is now prepared to treat all forms of nervous trouble hy the most recent appliances in the way of electricity and electric baths ; and is also prepared for the treatment of diseases by electro surgeory. Meacham C. F. auctioneer, Waverly MEACHAM E. D. farmer and slock- raiser, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Meacham was born in North Carolina, Feb. 4, 1805. When but a year old his parents moved to Kentucky, and settled on farm property; in 1830 the Meacham family emigrated to Illinois, and settled in Sangamon Co., as their names appear in the historical portion of this volume. We here append^a bio- graphical sketch of E. D. Meacham, whose name stands at the top. He married in Kentucky Mrs. Nancy Cavanah in 1825 ; in Sangamon Co. Mr. M. farmed it for many years, where his first wife died ; six children were born of this marriage : Martha, W. E. (whose biographical sketch appears elsewhere) ; Margaret, deceased, C. F., who transacts the business of a horse farrier at Waverly ; Adeline W. and Lucin- da. Nov. 12, 1854, Mr. Meacham was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Mc- Cormick ; nine children born of this mar- riage, all of whom are living E. D. jr., Isa- bel, Henry C., Annis, Ella, George G. Jos. H., Abraham L., and Katy. In 1854, Mr. M. moved to Waverly, where he became a merchant until the close of the war. In 1856 he purchased part of the property he now owns. Mr. M. is one of our mo-t public spirited citizens. Meacham Edon, farmer, Waverly Meacham Edward, farmer, Wavarly Meacham Henry, pi inter, Waverly MEACHAM JOHN W. lawyer, nota- ry public, and general collecting agent, Waverly MEACHAM M. M. publisher and pro- prietor Morgan County Journal, Pearl si. Meacham Robert P. town clerk, Waverly Meacham R. P. Waverly Meacham William D. carp. Waverly Meacham W. E. farmer, W'averly TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 553 MEACHAM WILLIS E. Farmer and stock-raiser. The subject of this sketch is a native of Christian Co., Ken- tucky; he was born October, 1828 ; second child of E. D. and Nancy Meacham ; when but three years of age his parents moved to Sangamon Co., 111. Willis became a resident of Morgan Co in 1858, and en- gaged in the hardware trade for some four years. He married in Sangamon Co. Miss Rachel Hudson, a daughter of John and Margaret Hudson, natives of Virginia ; by this marriage three children were born, two of whom are now living ; Adeline, born 1857 ; Ellen, born 1859 ; died in early in- fancy, Margaret, born May, 1862. When the war of the rebellion came on Mr. Meacham was elected First Lieutenant, Co. G, One Hundred and First 111. Inf., leav- ing for the front ; on arriving at Holly Springs he was elected Captain, a position in which he won the esteem of the soldiers and was well qualified to fill. Battles participated in : Dallas, Resaca, Peach- tree Creek, Mission Ridge, etc. He was honorably discharged at Robertsville, S. C., February, 1865 ; he returned to Morgan Co., where he has since followed farming ; one of our most substantial citizens. For many years he was President of the Board of Trustees before the present city admin- istration of Waverly, and at the last April election was elected to serve as alderman. Mr. Meacham owns 80 acres of land, part of which lies in the city limits, a valuable property. Meacham W. L. T. clothing, Waverly Meacham W. T. elk. Waverly Miller Charles, farmer, P.O. Waverly Miller J. H. S. farmer Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly Miller Permelia, wid. Ebenezer, Waverly Miller Sarah Mrs. P.O. Waverly Miner B. G. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly Miner Elisha, retired, Waverly Minor William, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Waverly Mefford F. M. farmer. Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly Merritt William H. engineer, Waverly Merwin I. N. restaurant, Waverly Merritt William H. engineer. Waverly MICHENER WILSON, commission merchant, Waverly, was born in Chester Co., Pa., March 23, 1812 ; came to Morgan Co. May i, 1835, and settled in Jacksonville, and engaged in the business of chair-ma- king. The first cane-seat chairs made in Morgan Co. were made by Mr. Michener. He sold them to Col. Jas. Dunlap, of Jack- sonville ; left Jacksonville in 1848, and went to different places, and in the Spring of 1857 engaged in farming, and continued at it until 1869, when he moved to Waverly Township. Mr. Michener is now living with his fourth wife, formerly Mrs. Eliza Jane Sevier, whom he married Oct., 1871 ; has four children living; Mary E. Lanuma, Thomas S. and Catherine J.; belongs to the Christian Church, and is a life-long democrat. MILLER CHARLES, was born in Morgan Co., Dec., 1853, and married, in his 2oth year, Miss Arcissa Ashbaugh, daughter of Christopher and Elizabeth, who were among the first to settle in Morgan Co. By the marriage of Mr. Miller to Miss Ashbaugh, two children, Albert, born Oct., 1875, and Sadie, born Jan. 1878. Mr. Miller owns 80 acres. MILLER JOHN M. deceased, a suc- cessful farmer many years in Morgan Co., and who is well remembered by early res- idents ; was born near Albany, N.Y., in 1828 ; on the farm of his father were spent his youthful days, arriving at manhood, he made his way to Illinois, and located in the vicinity of Waverly, where he em- barked in the marble business, that of tomb stones. A man of enterprise, he attended to his own sales, his business calling him into many different counties, where he formed the acquaintance of men who were afterwards prominent in the affairs of the State. In this business, he made a start in life, where many would have failed ; in 1858, he re- tired from this business to his farm, situated south of Waverly, where he displayed his usual energy, purchasing farm property from time to time. On his decease, which occurred in 1870, he left an estate of 230 acres. The wife, who helped very much toward the prosperity of her husband, still survives him, living on the old homestead ; there are four children, William, Edward, John, and Charles. MINER G. A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Miner was born in Morgan Co., March n, 1839, only child of James and Delilah, whose maiden name was Corey ; natives of New York 554 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. State, they removed to Morgan Co. when it was in a primitive state, and lived the life of the pioneer, and formed the acquaint- ance of such men as Newton Cloud, W. T. Givens, and others well known in the annals of this county. When the subject of our notice was quite small, his father died, his mother afterwards marrying Norman Ward, and on his decease married Lemuel P. Curry, and now resides in Bureau Co., Til. George grew to manhood in Morgan Co., where he m rried Miss Elizabeth Den- nis, daughter of Jas. M. Dennis. Eleven children, nine living: Edward E., Thos. M., Albert F., Sarah L., Emma J., Ida B., Erne M , Minnie B., and Daisy. Mr. Miner owns 6 1 acres Moffett John B. painter, Waverly MORGAN COUNTY JOURNAL, M. M. Meacham, publisher, Waverly Morehouse Ephraim, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly Morris Douglas, farmer, Waverly Morris Edw. lab. Waverly Morris Martha E. wid. Jonathan, Waverly Morris Richard, farmer, Waverly Morris William, renter, P.O. Waverly Morris William, watchman, Wa'verly Moseley Manuel, renter, P.O. Waverly Moulton Samuel, farmer, Waverly Mulch Fred, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Waverly Murray George, farmer, P.O. Waverly Murray Mary Mrs. Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Myers Jacob C. Waverly XT ARR HENRY, wagonmkr. Waverly * ^ Neece J. A. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Waverly NEECE M. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this sketch was born in Greene Co., 111., Sept, 18, 1833, son of Robert and Peninah Neece, natives of Tenn., and among the first settlers of 111. Mr. Neece grew up in Greene Co., 111., but for many years has been a resident of Morgan Co., 111. During the war he became a speculator in provisions, breadstuff's, etc., etc. He married in his twenty- first year Mrs. Ann Svvinden, a daughter of Henry and Sarah Swinden. Five children, three living : Mary E., Sarah E.. and Edward N. Mr. Neece owns some \vo hundred acres, and is a live ener- getic man ; he is a credit to the vocation which he has followed for so many years Neece Peninah Mrs. P.O. Waverly NEVINS T. V. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Waverly ; oldest son now living of John and Edith Nevins, who set- tled in Morgan Co. prior to the deep snow ; first, on their arrival in Illinois, they set- tled at Chapman Point, Macoupin Co. John Nevins was born in Tenn., 1804, and married in 1825 to Miss Edith Gerhardt, a native of Virginia. Ten children born of this marriage, seven of whom are living. T. V. Nevins, as previously mentioned, being the oldest ; he was born on the old homestead Jan. 14, 1831, receiving his edu- cation in a log cabin, where everything was of the plainest description, and where the principal studies were the Webster's spelling book and New Testament ; married in his twenty-first year. Nov. 1852, Mrs. Mary A. Sims, relict of Robert Sims, and daughter of Wm. Campbell. Mrs. Nevins married Robert Sims Nov. 21, 1844; by this marriage, two children, Wm. A., who married Harriet Allen, and John J., who married Miss Mat- tie Alderson. Mrs. Nevins, who gives this narrative, relates that in the earliest settle- ment of this county, the people were sociable and friendly, and did a wedding occur, the pioneer, accompanied by his family, joined in the festivities of the occasion. Mr. Nevins, for many years, a resident of Mor- gan Co., now owns land in Mo., where with his family he will shortly become a perma- nent resident. Two children, Alexander, born Aug. 23, 1855, Clara A., born March 20, 1863 /^\RMISTON JOSEPH, carp. Waverly ^^ Osbourn Lewis G. boots and shoes, Waverly CALMER N, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O.Waverly * Parker D. W. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly Parkins William, butcher, Waverly Parkins William, renter, P.O. Waverly PARROTT JAMES B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Parrott was born in Christian Co., Ky., near Hopkinsville, July I, 1822 ; the seventh child of Tyre and Nancy Parrott, whose maiden name was Shrock. The father of James was born in Virginia (probably born in 1787). Moving to Kentucky in an early day he married the lady mentioned above, TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 555 and lived there many years. During the Autumn of 1825 he emigrated to Illinois, settling on Indian Creek, where he stopped in a cabin built by 'Squire Page. Remain- ing in this dwelling during the winter, the following spring he built a similar structure, into which he moved his family. An in- dustrious man, generous to a fault, he nev- er became wealthy; he died in 1852, an estimable citizen. His loss was deeply de- plored by all who knew him ; his wife died in 1832. James, who heads this sketch grew up in Illinois, and inherited from his father that energy that marks his business transactions to-day. His education was derived in a log cabin, common in those early days. In 1843 he married Miss Jane Sims, a daughter of Wm. Sims, one of the first settlers of this county; with Mr.Parrott, in early days, money was generally an un- known quantity ; for many years he saw but few comforts, but in time, as improve- ments swept over the country, he began to accumulate property amounting to four handred acres ; now owns 220 acres. By this marriage four children, two of whom are living : Mary Jane, who married J. W. Wrightsman, and John W., who married Miss Rilda Edwards Peck J. B. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Waverly Peet C. M. tinner, Waverly Peet Jane H. wid. Martin, Waverly Pete Curtis E. farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Waverly Pete Daniel, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Waverly Pete John, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Waverly Petree Granville, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Frank- lin Petree Henry S. farm hand, Sec. 31, P.O. Franklin Phelan Daniel, grocer, Waverly Pinkerton Wm. J. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Wa- verly Prawl George, plowmaker, Waverly Prawl Peterson, plow mnfr. Waverly Price Louis, lab. Waverly Proctor George, wood dealer, P.O. Waverly Pugh B. G. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Waverly T) ANTZ FRANK, stoves, Waverly 4-*- Rawley Wm. F. farmer, Waverly Rawson J. F. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Waverly Rawson Stanton, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Wa- verly Ray Newton, broom-maker, Waverly RAY E. T. farmer, and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly ; the subject of this sketch was born in Wayne Co., Va., in 1845. Benj. Ray, father of E. T. Ray, was born in Virginia about 1800 ; there married Miss Melcina Garrett, by whom he had seven children : Benjamin, William, Albert, Lo- rena, Theodore, Mellville, Celeste, and E. T., who resided in Virginia during his boy- hood. In his seventeenth year in 1861 he enlisted in Co. I, gth Virginia Inft., Union troops. Twenty days from the date of en- listment, he was captured among others be- longing to the regiment, and sent to Libby prison, where he remained a prisoner some three months ; he then returned home on parole, afterward transferred to Columbus, Ohio, he was there honorably discharged November, 1862. From Ohio he made his way to Morgan Co., 111., where he united in marriage the same year to Miss Sarah Ray, a daughter of Elijah and Sarah Ray. By this marriage, two children : Lillie M. born Jan. 27, 1863 , Trueit O., born July 12, 1875 Ray Trueit, renter, P.O. Waverly Ray William E. farmer, Waverly Ray W. A. farmer, P.O. Waverly Reed John, renter, P.O. Waverly Reed John C. builder, Waverly Reynolds Andrew, farmer, P.O. Waverly Reynolds Joseph, Waverly Richardson Calvin, blacksmith, Waverly Richardson Frank, blacksmith, Waverly Richardson James F. blacksmith, Waverly Rigg Thomas B. woodsawyer, Waverly Riggin Sarah, wid. Alfred, Waverly Riley Marlow, teamster, Waverly Roach Albert, farmer, Waverly Roach A. R. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Waverly ROACH JAMES T. butcher, Waverly, 111., was born in Madison Co., 111., March 2, 1827. He came to Morgan Co. with his father, John D. Roach, in the Fall of 1831, remaining only two years, when they moved to St. Clair Co. They returned to Morgan Co. in June, 1841, where he has resided ever since ; was married to Miss Susan Draper, Dec. 15, 1855 ; she was born in Greene Co., 111., Aug. 15, 1837, and raised in Waverly. They have seven children : namely : John T., Stephen E., Margaret A., James A., Mary J, Isaac F., and Charles A. 556 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Roach E. B. farmer, P.O. Waverly Roach Joseph R. miller, Waverly Roach Joseph R. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Wa- verly Rodgers James A. carp. Waverly Rodgers Thomas, carp. Waverly Rogers John B. lawyer, Waverly Rogers Joseph, retired farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly ROHBER AL.BERT, farmer and stock-raiser and Vice Pres. of the Bank of Waverly, Sec. 25, P.O. Waverly, oldest son of Jonathan and Mary Roher, whose names are mentioned elsewhere in this work ; Al- bert, who has passed all of his life in Morgan Co., and who is one of our most substan- tial farmers, deserves more than a passing notice ; inheriting an energetic disposition, he early started forward in a successful career. In his 25th year, in 1855, he united his fortune to Miss Jane C. Knowles, the daughter of Burton Knowles, of Menard Co. ; he was then the owner of 120 acres, on which he bent all of his energies to bring to a proper cultivation, how well he succeeded, the present day shows clearly, for the small acreage referred to became an estate of nearly 1,000 acres, a magni- ficent property on which he erected one of the finest farm residences in Morgan Co., a fitting tribute to a life of energy and enterprise. Three children, two of whom are living : Newton B. and Mary E. Roher Chas. A. farmer. P.O. Waverly ROHRER G. W. farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly. The above named gentleman who has passed nearly half a century in the bounds of Morgan Co., comes of a numerous and respectable family ; his father, Jacob Rohrer, who helped very materially toward the progress of this county, was born in Hagerstown, Md., in 1798 ; in an early day he accom- panied his parents to Virginia, and after- ward removed to Kentucky, where he mar- ried Miss Artimissa Patterson. In 1826, Jacob R., then a young man and possessed of energy and a vigorous constitution, set out for Illinois, and settled on arrival near Apple Creek, near which is now situated the city of Waverly ; entering the same from the government, he became in due process of time a successful farmer, due in a great measure to his remarkable energy ; he died in 1870, leaving an estate of 200 acres ; his wife survived him some three years, and on her decease was laid at rest near Waverly. Geo. W., who is the only one now living in Morgan Co., was born in Morgan Co. Oct. 28, 1830, and passed his boyhood among such associates as the Clouds, Deatherages, and others ; he re- ceived his education in a subscription school of the usual log cabin order. In his 22d year he married Miss Emily Sharp, a daughter of Isaac and Cloie Sharp, natives of Tennessee. The pioneer days of Mr. R. were not devoid of interest ; times were indeed hard, commodities being frequently exchanged by barter, but he enjoyed those early days which developed an energy which is still unabated. Mr. R. now re- sides on his farm, comprising 78 acres. By this marriage ten children, nine of whom are living : William, Jacob, Newton, Ira, Flora, Lydia, Hollie B., Emma, and Carrie Rohrer Milton, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly Rohrer William H. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Wa- verly Ross Helen P. wid. George, Waverly Root Chauncey, elk. Waverly Root Edward N. agt. Waverly Root Edward, saw mill, Waverly Rosson Richard, lab. Waverly Rude Maria, wid. Samuel, Waverly Rude William D. teamster, Waverly Russell Henry, renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Waverly Rutherford J. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly RYNDERS ANDREW, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Rynders is one of the oldest inhabitants and one of the earliest pioneers now living in Morgan Co., a man of extraordinary en- ergy, he is worthy of more than a passing notice ; he was born in Saratoga Co. New York, Jan. 15, 1798, the seventh of a family of thirteen children ; he passed his early years in New York State, and married in his 24th year Miss Sarah Miner, a daughter of Amos Miner, an ingenious mechanic, who afterward removed to Illinois, where he passed the remainder of life. The sub- ject of this sketch was apprenticed to the trade of a millwright ; became a superior workman, and contracted mill work to a considerable extent in different parts of the State, This making it necessary for him to be frequently absent from home, he set- TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 557 tied down to the quiet life of a farmer. In 1835 he concluded to better his fortune by directing his footsteps westward ; after days and weeks spent in travel, he settled with his family in the vicinity of Waverly, where he entered a tract of land from the government, and moved into a log cabin built some years previous ; at Little York he worked on the steam grist and saw mill that was in process of erection by the Miner family. Mr. R. relates thatColeman Deatherage put up a horse mill near Appa- love, and Thos. Ross and Eziekel Springer constructed a saw mill, for which Mr. Rynders took charge as millwright. During those early days Mr. Rynders was a warm advocate of the extension of education. His memory is remarkable, even now, when he has long since passed the age commonly allotted to man ; he still makes a hand in the harvest field ; a hard worker all his life, he now finds no time for idleness. Going back a little into the early history of this family, we find that the first wife of Mr. Rynders died about 1846. There were eleven children born of this marriage, three of whom were living on the decease of Mrs. R.: Wm., Andrew, and Ruth. About 1847 Mr. R. was married to Mrs. Elizabeth Sevier ; by this marriage one child, Sarah E., deceased. Mrs. R. depart- ing this life about the year 1850, the fol- lowing year he was married to Mrs. Arena Beasely, by whom he had eight children, four living : Andrew, William, Douglas, and Isiah ; in 1864 this lady was laid at rest in the Jones Cemetery. Mr. R. afterward was united in marriage to Arena Arnot, who died Jan. 15, 1873. June 19, 1873, he married Mrs. Sarah Ann Alabaugh, who was born in Greene County. During his long and successful life Mr. R. has accumu- lated a fine farm property, which he still conducts at his advanced age successfully Rynders William, broom maker, Waverly Q ACKETT LOUISA, wid. Ebenezer, Wa- verly Sackett Norman, farmer, Waverly Samples Rebecca R. Mrs. Sec. 36, P.O. Wa- verly Samples Thomas, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Wa- verly W Samples Washington, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly Samples Washington jr. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly Sands Henry A. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Wa- verly Scott Frank, farmer P.O. Waverly SCOTT GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Scott was born in Morgan Co., August 23, 1852; his father, Z. P. Scott, was a native of Kentucky; his mother was born in North Carolina; they removed to Morgan Co. in an early period, where the subject of our notice grew up on the farm; educated in the district schools of the period; in his twen- tieth year he married Miss Georgiana Deatherage, a daughter of Wm. Deather- age, of this county; by this marriage two children: Cora F. born August, 1874, Minnie E. born April 15, 1878 Scott Mary, wid. Harrison, Waverly Scott Nancy E. wid. Charles M. Waverly Scott Zelia, renter, P.O. Waverly Scribner L. B. farmer, P.O. Waverly Schy Conrad, shoemaker, Waverly Seaton William, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Selvey John, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Sevier Daniel, renter, P.O. Waverly SEVIER J. D. farmer and school teacher, Sec. 30, P.O. Franklin. The above gentleman is the fourth child of Annanias and C. S. Sevier, natives of Tennessee, who emigrated to the West as early as 1830, locating on the same property he has brought to its present improved condition. A gentleman of ability as a farmer, his name (will be found elsewhere in this volume. By this marriage thirteen chil- dren, nine of whom are living. J. D., who heads this sketch, grew to manhood on the old homestead, and received his prelimi- nary education in district schools, which was afterward completed in the Waverly high school; in his twenty-third year, he married Miss Lizzie Lee Clayton, a daugh- ter of Francis and Phoebe Clayton, natives of Kentucky, and who were among the first to settle in Morgan Co. During the past five years Mr. S. has devoted his time to the duties of the school-room, during the winter season, his farm requiring his attention dur- ing the summer; two children: Edith S. born Dec. 22, 1875, Ralph, born Sept. 18, 1877 558 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. SEYMOUR HENRY, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Seymour was born in Morgan Co. in 1838; his early life spent in the usual manner of the farmer boy; he at- tended the usual subscription school, where he received his preliminary education in a Webster's spelling book, his higher classical course of study being a Smith's arithmetic; arriving at manhood he united his fortunes to Miss Amanda M. Burch; by this mar- riage five children: Effie, Addie, Anna, John W. and Minnie E. Mr. S. now lives on his farm, comprising 145 acres. For seven years he was township trustee. Courteous to all, he makes many friends. SEYMOUR JARRETT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly; the above named gentleman comes of a numerous and respectable family, whose sketches will be found elsewhere in this volume. Jarrett was born in Morgan Co. April, 1832, the fifth child of John and Sarah Seymour. Grow- ing to manhood among the hardy back- woodsmen, he necessarily, in a measure, inherited their enterprise and hearty ways; in youth he wended his way to the log cabin where school was kept, and there dived deep into the mysteries of Webster's spelling book or the New Testament, and many interesting incidents are remembered by him of those merry days. In 1854 he mar- ried Miss Hannah Sturgis; by this mar- riage four children, two of whom are living, Henry and Wilburn. In August, 1861, Mrs. Seymour died, and was laid at rest in Providence Cemetery. In 1863 he mar- ried Miss Emeline McCurley, daughter of Eziekel McCurley; five children: Charles, Elizabeth, Julia, Minnie, and Thomas Sharp Edward, blacksmith, Waverly Sharp John E. blacksmith, Waverly Sharp Samuel, painter, Waverly Shores Gideon, renter, P.O. Waverly Short John, farmer, Sec.2g, P.O. Waverly Sidwell George, renter, P.O. Waverly SIMS AUSTIN", a resident of Morgan Co. for over half a century, was born in South Carolina Sept. 6, 1790. His father, also named Austin, was a native of North Carolina, and there married Miss Nancy Farmer; of twelve children born of this marriage, the subject of this sketch was the third child; in his ninth year his par- ents moved to Kentucky, where he mar- ried, in 1810, Miss Jennie Nevins, a na- tive of Kentucky, and a daughter of Robert Nevins; in 1817, accompanied by his wife and two children, he made his way to Mad- ison Co., 111., where he remained a resident ten years, when he moved to Morgan Co., then in its infancy, and where the pioneer worked hard for the absolute necessities of life. The first wife of Mr. S. died in Mor- gan Co. Oct. 22, 1851; by this marriage six children grown to maturity: Silas, Eliza- beth, John, Robert,. Joel H., and Mary. March 6, 1853 Mr. S. was married to Miss Patsy Anderson, who has resided in Mor- gan Co. fifty-two years. We here append a short biography of Robert Sims, fourth child of Austin, who is well remembered by the citizens of this county for his many good qualities of mind and heart; born in Madison Co., 111., in 1823, he grew up in Morgan Co., where his parents moved in 1827; he there united his fortunes to Miss Amanda Campbell, a daughter of Wm. Campbell; by this marriage two children: William, born in 1848 (married Miss Har- riet R. Allen, a daughter of Thomas B. Al- len, of Macoupin Co.; three children, Rob- ert and Edward, living), John J., a patron of this work, was born April 22, 1850, and married, in 1872, Miss Martha Alderson; two children, Albert and Henry. Austin Sims, whose name heads this sketch, is a liv- ing witness of the vast changes made in Illinois, has spent fifty-six years of his life in the ministry, and is widely known for his many Christian virtues. Robert Sims died Jan. 15, 1851 Sitton James, renter, P.O. Waverly Slattery Mary, wid. John, Waverly Slattery John, farmer, Waverly Slaven George W. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Wa- verly Smedley Thomas B. grocer, Waverly SMETTERS M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Smet- ters was the second child of Daniel and Maria Smetters, natives of Pennsyl- vania; he was born in Fairfield Co., Ohio, during the early settlement of that State, where they remained for many years; in 1843 the family settled in Morgan Co. where they remained seven years, and then moved to Sangamon Co., settling at Island Grove; TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 559 one year later he moved to Lick Creek, where he died in 1862; here also were passed the last days of his wife, who died in 1872. Michael, who heads this sketch and who became prominent as a farmer, in Lavini township, Sangamon Co., like many of our enterprising western men, commenced life with but few advantages. The first money he saved as a farm laborer, at nine dollars per month; he thus spent about three years, then renting four years, at the end of that time he made a purchase of eighty acres; here he made his home un- til his removal to Morgan Co., the farm property bought in Sangamon Co. consist- ing of 240 acres of valuable land. In clos- ing this brief sketch, we can say of Mr. S. personally, that, as an honest man, he stands high in the estimation of his many friends. March 7, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy A., daughter of John and Jane (Lockridge) McCormick, by whom he has three children: John L. born July 16, 1870; Samuel T. born Sept. 12, 1872; and Noah M. born 1877. Mrs. S. is a lady of refinement and liberally educated, and for twelve years prior to marriage taught school, for many years near Wa- verly; the ancestry of Mrs. Smetters were McCormicks; her grandfather, James McCormick, was a gunsmith during the Revolution, and among the first settlers of Kentucky; Mr. Smetters is the owner of a handsome residence near Waverly, where he now lives Smith James, renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly South Isaiah, farmer, Waverly South James, farmer, Waverly Sperry Alfred, Waverly Sperry Charles L. farmer, Waverly Sperry Edward, painter, Waverly Sperry James, renter, P.O. Waverly SPRAGUE J. B. physician and sur- geon, Waverly; special attention paid to the cure of chronic diseases Staples Emily, wid. William, Waverly Staples George W. miller, Waverly Staples Katy, Waverly Staples Sarah, wid. Roland, Waverly STICK ANDREW J. farmer and school teacher; the subject of this sketch is the oldest son of James P. and Nancy H. Slice, whose maiden name was Conlee, the daughter of Isaac Conlee, one of the pioneer ministers of this county; James P. Slice, the father of Andrew, was born Nov. 10, 1826, in Morgan Counly, near Jacksonville, when il contained but a few cabins; he married in this county, about 1848; Andrew, who heads this sketch, was born in Morgan County, May 23, 1852; lie received a liberal education; in his twenly- ihird year he married Miss Elizabelh J. Wood, a daughler of David Wood, and ihe granddaughler of Hon. Samuel J. Wood; for several years Mr. Stice during ihe winler has been employed as teacher of districl schools; during the summer follows farming; two children: Bertha E., born August 8, 1876; Alberl C., born Jan. 25, 1877 STICE J. PERRY, farmer and slock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly; Ihe subjecl of this skelch was born in Morgan Counly Dec. 15, 1830; fourth child of Andrew and Nancy Slice, natives of Illinois, who re- moved from Jersey County to Morgan County, in 1828, where ihe head of ihe family enlered land from ihe government, near Jacksonville, and located on the farm now owned by J. H. Miller; the old people passed ihe remainder of iheir lives in Mor- gan Counly; Andrew died Jan. 31, 1855; Nancy, his wife, died October 31, 1860; J. Perry, who heads this skelch, and who has grown from boyhood to manhood in Morgan County, received his education in subscriplion schools, wending his way lo a rude, low roofed cabin, after altending a higher branch of sludies in Waverly. Having the confidence of the community in which he lives, he has held numerous offices; in 1852, he married Miss E. J. Reynolds, a daughter of Joseph Reynolds; eight children, five are living: Charles A., born May 9, 1858, Emma, born June 3, 1852, George W., born Jan. 16, 1864, Ida B., born Feb. 6, 1870, James O., born Aug. 27, 1872 Stice A. P. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O.i Waverly STICE W. B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Waverly; born in Morgan County, April 16, 1838; his father, Andrew Slice, was born in Kenlucky, May 26,1803; he married in his nineleenlh year, in Ken- lucky, Miss Nancy Armstrong; in an early day he moved to Illinois, and settled in the vicinity of Jacksonville, on government 560 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. land; with little capital, but possessed of energy and ambition, he soon founded a home; he became a successful farmer, and is well remembered by the citizens of this county for his many noble traits of charac- ter; he died about 1858, and laid to rest amid the scenes of his pioneer days. W. B. Slice, from whom this sketch is obtained, grew up in Morgan County, where he re- ceived a liberal education, and married, in his twenty-first year, Miss Sarah Jane Smith, a daughter of James and Mahala Smith,who were early settlers in this county; by this marriage seven children, six living: Wm. E., Sylvester, James A., George A., Jessie L., Ada A; Arthur, deceased Stratton Nathan J. grain, Waverly Sturgis John, farmer, Waverly HTALKINGTON ELIZABETH MRS. -* P.O. Waverly Talkington John, farmer, Sec. 32,"P.O. Wa- verly Talkington Joseph, farmer, Waverly Talkington Mary, wid. Ashael, Waverly Talkington Prentice, farmer, Waverly Taylor Benjamin W. farmer, P.O. Waverly TAYLOR JAMES H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly; Mr. Taylor was born in Kentucky, Jan. 10, 1833; when but six years of age his parents moved to Illinois, and located in Macoupin County, where James grew up with vigorous constitution and native energy; the little education he received in early youth, was obtained by means of subscription; his first teacher was R. J. Hanshaw, a Virginian by birth, who moved with the parents of James to Illinois; in his twenty-second year, in 1855, Mr. Taylor married Rebecca T. Dennis, a daughter of Jas. M. and Sarah; from boyhood to manhood James Taylor has followed successfully the pursuits of agriculture; by this marriage eight chil- dren, seven of whom" are living: Geo. P., Laura E., Thos. N., Sarah E., Rumsey S., Mary C., and Stella Taylor John C. farmer, P.O. Waverly THAYER G. H. furniture dealer, south side Square, Waverly; was born in Am- herst, Mass., Jan. 7, 1825; removed to Waverly with the family, April, 1846; is a graduate of Illinois College, class '49; was received into partnership with his father, Mr. Asahel Thayer, who had established himself in the furniture trade several years before, and with whom he continued until Jan. i, 1877, when he became sole pro- prietor, and in which business he is still engaged, at the old stand, south side of the Square. His father, Mr. Asahel Thayer, was born in Amherst, Mass., Feb. 7, 1790; removed to Chatham, Sangamon County, this State, May,. 1839; in the Spring of 1846, he removed to Waverly; he saw its inhabitants, and those of the surrounding country, going to Jacksonville, Springfield, and Carlinville, to do their trading, and the great advantage that would accrue to Waverly if the people could have sufficient inducements to patronize their own town. He accordingly opened, in the spring of that year, the then largest stock of goods in the place, and by his own untiring energy and superior business qualifications, with the aid of other merchants, most of whom he induced to come in, he had the satisfac- tion, in a very few years, of seeing his anticipations realized in its becoming a central point of trade, and increasing to three or four times its former size; he was one of Waverly's most respected citizens, and for nearly sixty-three years a member of the Masonic fraternity; he continued to reside in Waverly until September, 1877, when he removed with his daughter, Mrs. Fannie Crooker, to Taylorville, Christian County, where he died, Oct. 27, 1877, at the residence of his son-in-law, G. W. Crooker, Esq. His body was brought to Waverly Oct. 3Oth, and the funeral services were held in the Congregational church, of which he had been a member for more than thirty years, and a professor of religion more than' sixty-three. His remains were borne thence to the East cemetery, where they rest beside those of his wife and daughter Helen. Thompson B. L. renter, Sec. 32, P.O. Wa- verly Thompson Geo. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly Tietger Henry J. shoemaker, Waverly Todd Wylie, renter, P.O. Waverly Toole John, lab. Waverly Turnbull David, machinist and general re- pairer, Waverly Turnbull William, police magistrate, Waverly Turner A. J. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 561 Turner C. C. lawyer, Waverly Turner Evan, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Wa- verly Turner George B. farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Wa- verly Turner Geo. W. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Wa- verly Turner H. L. farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Waverly Turner James, miller, Waverly Turner John renter, Sec. 21, P.O. Waverly Turner John M. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Wa- verly TURNER THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Waverly; was born in Law- rence County, Illinois, Jan. I, 1819; has resided in Waverly since 1849; was married to Miss Harriet B. Massie; she was born March 18, 1822, in Scott County, Ken- tucky. They have four children: Alice A. born July 8, 1844; Clara B. born Aug. 20, 1845; Albert L. July 30, 1847; and Ida M. born Feb. 10, 1855 Turner W. L. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly Turner Wm. D. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Wa- verly TURNEY ASA, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Waverly; the above named gentleman was born in Wayne County, Illinois, Jan. 13, 1835; his father Isiah Turney, was a native of Wayne County, Kentucky, born Dec. 15, 1800; he remained in Kentucky up to his nineteenth year; after which he moved to Wayne County, Illinois, where he married Miss Judah Lee, a daughter of Edmund and Nancy Lee; maiden name, Lee; a distant relative of the late General Robert E. Lee, and a descen- dent of the Lees who took Jan active part in the Continental war. Tsiah Turney, a farmer during his life, possessed of great ambition, achieved success in this voca- tion; in 1860 he was elec'ed to the State Legislature in Morgan County; he passed the remainder of his life, in Scottsville, Macoupin County; died May 3,1876; an esti- mable citizen, his death was universally regretted by his many friends; liberally educated during the early years of his life, he began the study of medicine, ill health, however, compelled him to relinquish the profession, which was the dream of his younger days. His wife was born in South Carolina, Sept. 25, 1803; when two years old, her parents moved to Carthage, where the family opened the first tavern; from Tennessee the family moved to Kentucky, from which State Mrs. Turney accompan- ied a family to Wayne County, Illinois, and married Mr. Turney, her husband, in White County, Illinois, July 1820; by this marriage eleven children: Eliza Ann, de- ceased; Wm. F., Greene, deceased; Ellen, Harriet Jane, Moses, deceased; Asa, Dru- cilla, deceased; America, Thomas Benton, Hortense Ann; Asa', grew to maturity in the counties of Macoupin and Morgan. March 7, 1861, he was united fti marriage to Miss Nancy E. Hall, the daughter of Aaron and Nancy Hall; one child: Nancy, born in Sangamon County, Se it, n, 1864 A /"ANCIL A. B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, Macoupin County, P.O. Vancil's Point, Macoupin County. Mr. Vancil was the fourth child of Gideon and Tarraba Vancil; he was born in Sangamon County, Illinois, in 1828; where his parents moved about 1826, and settled in the vicinity of Auburn, where they remained for a number of years; and made their way to the State of Texas, but subsequently returned to Illi- nois; of a somewhat restless disposition, he eventually became a resident of Missouri, where he now lives, with his children; his wife having died on their return trip from Texas; eleven children; seven of whom are living: Mary Jane, Clarinda, James, Hugh- ston, Sarah Ann, Frank, and A. B., the only one now living in this State, grew up in Sangamon County, and married in Macou- pin, in 1853, Miss Lizzie Scott, a daughter of John Scott; two children: Arthur L., born in 1853, J. A., born 1858. Mr. V. owns 120 acres of well improved land, in Macou- pin County VANCIL ADAM farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this sketch, a life long resident of this State, and County, was born in Union County, Illinois, in 1814; there are but few now living, who have made a home in this State for the period of time that Mr. Vancil has been among us. The father of Adam Vancil was bora in Virginia, about 1790; in early manhood he left the old homestead and located in Union County, Illinois, where he married Miss Katty Putmaster, a native of Virginia; when Mr. Vancil ar 562 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. rived in the State, he had but little save his trusty rifle, wherewith to commence the battle of life; no grist or horse mills being in use for several years, it became neces- sary for him to pound small grain, for breakfast or dinner, in a rough mortar. Moving to Morgan County, in 1827, he entered land from the government, and became, in his younger days, a successful farmer; the remains of himself and wife now rest in Morgan County. Adam, at time of his father's settlement in the county, was in his I3th year; when Black Hawk made war on the settlers, in 1832, although a youth, he determined to become among the few to protect the border, from the incursions of the red man; in 1834 he married Miss Margaret McCoulIough, a native of North Carolina; for some years he rented property, until such a time as he became able to buy; in 1846 Mrs. Vancil died, leaving six children; John, Franklin, and Elizabeth, living; January, 1848, Mr. Vancil married Mrs. Rhoda Ray, relict of Lewis Ray, and daughter of John and Elizabeth Lawrence. Mrs.Vancil was born in North Carolina, in 1809; by this mar- riage, three children, one living, George, who resides in California; Mr. Vancil, although not a large land owner, has for its size, one of the best managed farms in the State VANCIL EDMUND C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Vancil's Point. Mr. Vancil takes a leading position among the wealthy men of Macoupin County; he was born in Kentucky, May 8, 1798; the early history of this family, is somewhat obscure; his father Tobias Vancil, was of German parentage; who married in Vir- ginia Miss Nancy Jack; they moved from Virginia to Kentucky, where the head of the family departed this life as early as 1816. Young Vancil, who was of a daring disposition, set out for the boundless prairies of Illinois; reaching the Ohio, he floated down the river, on a flatboat, reach- ing Golconda, Illinois; from this point he made his way into Union County, where he erected a cabin, and entered land from the government, and for some time worked as a deck hand, on keelboats, on the river, so common on che Western waters in an early day. In his twenty-fifth year, Mr. Van- cil married Miss Mary Byers, a daugh- ter of John Byers, a native of Pennsylvania, who moved to North Caro- lina, and afterwards to Kentucky, where Mrs. Vancil was born. For ten years Mr. Vancil became the successful proprietor of a distillery in Macoupin County; erecting the buildings, he also made the barrels; a natural mechanic, everything he undertook was successfully accomplished, and that in a superior manner. In 1827 he moved to Sangamon County, and during the Spring of 1828, moved on to the property he now owns; in many respects Mr. Vancil is a re- markable man; above the average in ability, possessed of rare judgment, his life has been a succession of brilliant successes; during his pioneer days he manufactured his own boots and shoes, built his own wagons, etc. ; in 1848 he erected the sub- stantial dwelling, where now lives, which, at the time it was built, was perhaps, the finest farm residence of Macoupin County; in 1852 he built a steam saw-mill, which he run successfully many years; and which proved a paying investment; during this time he invented a plow for breaking pur- poses, a great improvement over those for- merly in use, and many are in use at the present day; he also constructed a flatboat, in a very workmanlike manner, which made his name widely known as a superior workman. Mr. Vancil is to-day a repre- sentative type of the early pioneer; coming to the county, poor as the poorest, he has worked his way upward to a proud posi- tion in life; owning at onetime, some 1,500 acres, in Macoupin County; owning now some 6,000 acres in the States of Califor- nia and Illinois; he is now living with his wife, a true type of the Western woman, on the farm, where he worked during the days of his early manhood; this marriage was blessed with six children: Emeline, who married C. Moffet; Imri B. who married Eliza Rice; Mordecai, who married in Cal- ifornia, where he now lives; Wm. L. who married Miss Lucy Seaton. This sketch would be incomplete were we to omit to mention one of the older daughters of Mr. V.; Amanda, a remarkable woman, indeed, noted for wealth, rare executive abilities, and superior education, and well remem- bered by the citizens of Macoupin Coun TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 563 Vancil Frank, renter, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly Van Hise Catherine, wid. Edmund, Waverly Van Hise John J. farmer, Waverly VANWINKLE ALEXANDER, farmer and schoolteacher, Sec. 20, P.O. Waverly. Mr. V. was born in Morgan County, in 1831 ; his father, Ransom Van- winkle, was born in Kentucky, about 1796; he married in Kentucky, Miss Margaret Brooks, who was also a native of Ken- tucky. During the Autumn of 1829 the fam- ily moved to Illinois, and located on Apple Creek, Morgan County, and settling on the unbroken prairie, prepared to cultivate the soil; here were spent the last days of the old folks; this marriage was blessed with nine children: Hiram J., who married , Miss Mary Vanmeter, he died in 1864; Thomas J., who married Orpha Bourland; Roxcil, lana, who married Monroe Mayfield; Sarah Jane, married a Mr. Reed, of Missouri; James N., who married in California; Mar- tinette who died in 1858, unmarried; Ath- erton, who married Miss Nellie Luttrell; John H., who married Miss Lizzie Gib- son, and Alexander, who heads this sketch- married Miss Henrietta Keplinger, a daughter of Samuel Keplinger; three chil- dren: Mary H., born Feb., 1864, Homer A. and Horace U., twins, born Dec. II, 1865; Horace departed this* life Dec. 30, 1865; Mr. Vanwinkle for many years of his life was a schoolteacher; in 1870 Mrs. Vanwinkle departed this life; in 1852, Mr. V. accompanied an expedition en route for the gold fields of California, where he remained for six years, engaged as a miner and stock raiser, returning to Morgan County in 1858; in 1861 he entered the the army enlisting in Co. B, roth 111. In- fantry, and remained encamped at Cairo until the expiration of service; he then re- enlisted, in Aug., 1861, in the 32d 111. In- fantry; up to Feb., of this year, the regiment was stationed at Camp Butler, where Mr. V. was appointed Sergeant-Major of the regiment; at Shiloh Mr. V. was severely wounded, which disabled him for many months; promoted Adjutant of the regi- ment, he served in that capacity until his resignation, which occurred in 1864; after the war he returned to Morgan County, but shortly went to Wisconsin, where he he became a merchant; returning to this county irt 1871, he devoted his time prin- cipally to the school-room, and owns farm property of 160 acres Van Winkle F. O. clerk, Waverly Van Winkle Thomas J., postmaster, Waverly Vaughn Mary, P.O. Waverly Vertrees Samuel, renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Wa- verly Vieira Emanuel M., lab. Waverly Victor Nancy Mrs. Waverly VXTADDELL HIRAM, blacksmith, Wa- VV verly Walker Nicholas R. engineer, Waverly Watson Adelaide C. wid. Henry, Waverly Watson Alfred, capt. Waverly Watson Horatio G. farmer, Waverly WATSON THEODORE, retired, Waverly; was born August 27, 1814, in Hartford County, Conn., settled in Waverly in 1839; was married to Miss Sophia Clapp in the year 1840; she died Nov. 24, 1854; married again in the fall of 1855, to Mrs. Abbie Clawson; politics rep; religion Epis- copalian WATERS WM. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, Macoupin Co., P.O. Waverly; Mr. Waters, now a resident of Macoupin Co., but cotemporary with the early settle- ments of Morgan, was born in Casey Co., Kentucky, March 6, 1825; the oldest son of Zachariah and Elizabeth, whose maiden name was Canaday; during the autumn of this year Zachariah determined to locate in the West, where the buffalo still re- mained comparatively undisturbed, and the North American Indians were a numer- ous people; after weeks of travel, he set- tled in Morgan Co., Illinois, on the Mau- vaisterre, where now stands the residence of Judge Woods; here was spent the youth- ful days of young Waters, where he re- ceived a subscription schooling, consisting of a course of reading, writing, and arithme- tic; to illustrate the simplicity of construc- tion of these schools, we will here narrate a few facts; entering the schoolroom, the scholars seated themselves on rude wooden benches, while the teacher, a dignified man, moved around like a fire-marshal on dress parade; the shutters, a novelty in their way, were manufactured fijom clapboards, and swung to and fro on wooden hinges; the teacher's desk was an ancient affair, MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. made of slabs, and would look out of place in our modern school- rooms; in 1845 Mr. Waters married Miss Keziah Brulton, a daughter of Wm. and Rebecca Brulton natives of Kentucky; the capital of Mr. W. at this time was small, but he set resolutely to work fo clear away the timber; two years later he moved to Macoupin, where he has since resided, owning a tract of 272 acres, and among the most successful farm- ers of that county; in 1853 Mrs. Waters died; two children, born of this marriage, are not living; in 1854 he married Miss Martha Moore; seven children, five of whom are living: Zillford C., Wm. D., Mary F., Palmer and Wealthy; Mrs. Waters died in 1864; June 13, 1866, mar- ried Miss Eliza Devenport, daughter of Wm. Devenport; by this marriage one child, not living Watts James, farm hand, Sec. 32, P.O Wa- verly Watts Richard, farmer, P.O. Waverly Weatherby Benjamin, renter, P.O. Waverly Weatherby W. H. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Wa- verly WEATHERFORD JONAS, far- mer and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Waver- ly; the subject of this sketch was born in Franklin, Morgan Co., July 3, 1844, second child of John and Melinda Weatherford, natives of Kentucky, who settled in Illinois when railroads were scarcely known in the West, and steamboats seldom seen on the western waters. The father of Jonas was unmarried when he arrived in Morgan County, but shortly after his settlement he was united in marriage to Miss Melinda McDonald ; starting in to the hard work that became a matter of necessity, he toiled early and late, while the years rolled rapid- ly onward, and his family grew up around him; removing to Missouri and remaining four years, the head of the family then moved to Sangamon County, where himself and wife now live; Jonas passed the great- er portion of his life in Morgan County; at 18 he entered the service of Uncle Sam, Co. H, loist Illinois Infantry, for three years' service; in some of the more noted engagements of the war; his arm was bad- ly shattered by a minnie ball at Dallas, Ga., which incapacitated him from service for some time; after the war closed, Mr. W. returned to Morgan County, where he has since followed farming; on the I3th of September, 1868, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Louisa Wright, a daughter of Thomas and Jane Wright, whose biogra- phy will be found elsewhere; two children blessed this union, Ernest and Edward; Mr. W. now rasides on his farm property, comprising 40 acres WELLER SAMUEL, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Weller was born in Logan Co., Ky., Aug. 26, 1821. Educated in district schools, at 16 he became apprenticed to the trade of a tailor ; serving his time, he became a journeyman, and the proprietor of an estab- lishment for the transaction of general tail- oring business. In 1845 he married Miss Elizabeth A. Lyndsey, a daughter of Sam- uel and Jane Lyndsey, natives of Kentucky. In 1852 Mr. Weller settled in Morgan Co., 111., in the vicinity of Waverly, where he has resided since his removal to the county, renting property the first few years. In a few years he became the owner of sixty-four acres near the city of Waverly. The mar- riage was blessed with eleven children, nine living: Samuel, born 1847; Elizabeth, born Nov. 4, 1848; Joseph M., Sept. 4,1850; James T., June 29, 1853; John H., April 10, 1855; William F., May 24, 1857; Mil- tie, Aug. 10, 1860; George E., April 13, 1862; Clara A. July 13, 1864 Weller Henry, farm hand, Sec. 10, P.O. Wav- erly Wells Alexander, tinner, Waverly Wemple Edward, banker, Waverly Wemple F. H. banker, Waverly Wheeler Robert N. lab. Waverly White Andrew J. farmer, P.O. Waverly White James, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly White John, farmer, P.O. Waverly WHITLOCK ALEXANDER, far- mer and stock-raiser, Sec. 5, P.O. Franklin, The above-named gentleman was born in Washington Co., Tenn., in 1840. His father, Johnson Whitlock, was a also a na- tive of Tennessee, who married in 1839 Miss Rebecca Wheeler, a daughter of Jessie J. and Charity Wheeler, by whom he had nine children : Amasa, who died in the army; John, who married Miss Martha Woods; Elizabeth, who married Chamber- lain Belk; Minerva, who married George TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. $65 Bonds; Mary, who married James Manly; Eveline, unmarried; George, who married Sylvanus Taylor, and Orletha, who married Willis Burch. Alexander, in his twelfth year, 1852, accompanied his parents to j Illinois, and located on arrival near Wav- erly, where he attended during his early years a district school. June 15, 1865, he was married to Miss Mary C. Bowyer, a daughter of James E. Bowyer. By this marriage six children: William T., George B., Freddie E. (not living), James O., Jessie M., and Wealthy. In X i86i, Mr. Wheeler enlisted in Co. I., I4th 111. Infantry. On account of general disability, at the end of three months' service, he was honorably discharged, but on regaining hi< health, he re-enlisted in Co. G., loist Regt. 111. In- fantry, on Sept. 2, 1862. A participant in one marine engagement. Honorably dis- charged in 1863, he returned to Morgan Co., where he now follows farming Whitlock Isaac, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O.Waverly Whitlock Johnson, farmer, P.O. Waverly Whitlock William, farmer, P.O. Waverly Wiatt Henry P. renter, Sec. 21, P.O.Waverly Wilder George, farmer, P.O. Waverly Wilder Matilda, wid. Berry, Waverly Wilder Richard, farmer, P.O. Waverly Wilder Robert, renter, P.O. Waverly Williams George, farmer, Waverly Williams Henry, lab. Waverly Williams John, farmer, Waverly Williams John, sr. farmer, Waverly Wolfkill D. S. watchmkr. Waverly Wood H. C. harnessmkr. Waverly Wood James, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Woodman John F. dry goods, Waverly WOODS WM. C. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Franklin ; son of Sterling and Elizabeth. As early as 1828, they removed from Ken- tucky to Illinois, settling in Morgan Co., where Wm. C. was born in 1831. The country was then new, and the emigrant frequently went fifteen miles to horse- mill. At times a numerous party would meet at these mills, where they would re- main all night, parching corn, cracking jokes, and having a good time generally, for they were a whole - souled, sociable people. Wm. attended a log school house, the furniture of this school was of the rudest kind, some benches being in use and awkwardly constructed, and the first teacher was Joel Heddington. Dec. 28, 1859, Mr. Woods was married to Celestine Boulware, daughter of Philip and Nancy, pioneers of Morgan Co. Eight children blessed this union : Minerva, wife of Lean- der A. Colwell, Robert, James P., Mary, Clara, George, Nora, and Margaret. Mr. Woods owns 160 acres of well improved land-:, is a good farmer and successful trader. The father, in 1849, moved to Ma- coupin Co., where he now resides, who, in his younger days, was a very sterling, ener- getic man Wynne Thomas, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Y OUNG GEO. renter, P.O. Waverly ,L JOHN C. harnessmkr. Waverly Zoll William, lab. Waverly WAVERLY BUSINESS CARDS. THE BANK OF WAVERLY, State st. Waverly. A co-partnership exist- ting between Theodore E. Curtiss, Agustine A. Curtiss, Albert Rohrer, Wm. W. Brown, and Horace R. Boynton, doing business under the firm name and style of "The Bank of Waverly," organized March, 1872. Transact a general banking business, buy and sell exchange, etc., interest paid on time deposits by special arrangement. Special attention given to collections. T. E. Curtiss, president, Albert Rohrer, vice- president, W. W. Brown, cashier, H. R. Boynton, ass't cashier ARNETT J. W. lawyer and justice of the peace, office, Pearl st. Waverly BLAIR E. K. D.D.S dentist, Waverly. BRADLEY G. W. physician, Waverly BUCK JOSEPH M. livery, feed and sale stable, Waverly 566 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. CHAIN & MANSON, dry goods, Wa- verly EDWARDS RICHARD M. carriage and wagon makers, Waverly ELDREDGE L. B. dealer in fancy goods, pictures, brackets, jewelry, toys, etc. Waverly HARRIS WM. P & SON, full line of fine family groceries, Waverly KIMBER ALONZO L. physician. Waverly MARSHALL WILLIAM H. gro- cer, Waverly MICHENER WILSON, commission merchant, Waverly MORGAN COUNTY JOURNAL, (weekly) Pearl st. Waverly McVEY R. E. physician and surgeon, ws Square, Waverly ROACH JAMES T. butcher, Waverly SPRAGUE J. B. physician, WavwN THAYER G. H. furniture dealer, Wa- verly TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. A NDERTON BIRD, farm hand, P.O. ** Franklin Anderton Margaret, P.O. Franklin Anderson Thos. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Frank- lin Anderson William, renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Franklin Austie Elizabeth, farmer, Sec. 37, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin Co. Austie John W. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Scottville, Macoupin Co. AUSTLN" JOHN", deceased, during his life was well and favorably known to the residents of this county ; he was born in 1837, on the homestead property of his par- ents in Morgan Co. The head of the fam- ily, Eli Austin, who is still living, was a farmer and blacksmith ; when old enough John attended a district school during the winter, the summer finding him busily em- ployed on the farm ; in 1857 he married Miss Martha Criswell, daughter of George Criswell of this county ; four children : Su- san M., Ida L., Cora E. and Evalena. On the 2gth day of January, 1868, Mr. Austin died and was interred in the Seymour cem- etery ; a useful^ citizen, his death was re- gretted by all who knew him ; he left a property of 160 acres, on which his widow, Martha H. Austin, now resides. T3ECKET J. J. renter, Sec. 35, P.O. Wa- verly BEBBYMAN WM. A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 33, T. 13, R. 9, P.O. Scottville, Macoupin Co., 111., was born in Barren Co., Ky., Dec. 16, 1828 ; working for his father on a tobacco plantation, where they would produce as much as twelve hhds. of tobacco, averaging 2,200 Ibs. in one season. Mr. Berryman did not receive any education, and at the age of twenty-two years he left home and started alone for the lead mines of Galena, 111., but on account of lameness in his horse he stopped in Morgan Co. and engaged in driving stock to St. Louis, until the fol- lowing spring, when he hired to work for Jacob Van Note on a farm at fifteen dol- lars per month. Mr. Berryman received one hundred and ten dollars in gold for a one hundred dollar bill, at Waverly, caused by St. Louis brokers trying to break the Missouri State bank. In June, 1853, ne married Mrs. Hannah Nail, relict of Rus- sell Nail ; five children three still living : Levi O., Sarah Isabel, and Henry. Mr. Berryman owns 300 acres of land, having 250 acres in cultivation. His farm is one of the finest, if not the finest in Hart's Prairie, which takes its name from Solo- mon Hart, who settled there more than fif- ty years ago. Boyer Jacob, renter, P.O. Franklin BBEWEB H. D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Franklin. His father, Jessie H., was a farmer during the greater portion of his life ; who married Miss Nan- cy Grisman. The subject of this notice was born in Christian Co., Ky., June 2, 1818 ; having the hard work of the farm to attend to, he never received but six weeks' schooling ; in his fourteenth year he be- came apprenticed to the trade of copper- smith ; this not being conducive to health, he learned the trade of tinner. Realizing the importance of an education, he applied himself at night learning to read, write and cypher. In his twenty-seventh year he married Miss Mary Steel; in 1851 he came to Waverly, Morgan Co., where he run a tinshop for Boyington & Challon ; from Waverly he removed to Franklin, where he kept, for many years, a hardware and tin shop ; in 1853, first bought land, now owns 128 acres ; twelve children, eleven of whom are living BBITTENSTINE FBEDBICK, farmer and stock raiser, Sec.?, P.O. Young- blood, the subject of this sketch, .was born in Sweden, June 15, 1827 ; his father was, by trade, a shoemaker, died in the early infancy of Fredrick, as did also his mother. He early became apprenticed to the trade of a silk-weaver, and in after years turned his attention to farming. In 568 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. 1848 he crossed the broad waters of the At- lantic for the shores of America. In those days as sailing vessels were a slow means of navigation, the voyage was prolonged for some four months. Arriving in New Orleans, from there he made his way to St. Louis, thence to Jacksonville, 111., settling on Indian Creek ; he followed agricultural pursuits; he married in 1849, Miss Eliza Newman ; by this mariage eight children, five of whom are living : John, born 1850 ; Ann, born February, 1859 ; Joseph B.,born 1860; Frederick, born 1863 ; Nancy, born 1867. In connection with farming Mr. Brittenstine is doing a general blacksmith- ing business, and is ready and willing at all times to do good work at low rates, res- pectfully soliciting the patronage of his many friends and the farming community generally. He can be found at the little blacksmith shop around the corner near his residence Britenstine Wm. farmer, P.O. Franklin BROWN EZEKIEL, farmer, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Brown was born in Morgan Co., Nov. 1838, where his father, John Brown, settled as early as 1827, when but few houses of any kind were erected in the county ; settling in the vicinity of Franklin, he rented the property now owned by Jas. Rawlings, where he has lived since his ar- rival in the State, and no doubt the many important changes that have crept over the West, seem a matter of surprise to one who lived in a day when a horse could carry double ; far different from to-day, when it sometimes takes a large carriage for a small young man. The wife of John died many years ago. Ezekiel was the sixth child ; liberally educated, in 1862 he entered the army, enlisting in Co. G, 7ist 111. Inf. for three months, remaining five ; honorably discharged. He then enlisted in Co. E, 58tli 111. Inf. for one year, and became en- gaged in the siege of Mobile, etc., etc.; honorably discharged April, 1865. Autumn of 1873 Mr. Brown was elected constable Bryant Charles, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Wa- verly Bryant Charles, renter, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly Bryant Guthrie, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Wa- verly BRYANT DR. J. W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly. Dr. Bryant, who is cotemporary with the early settle- ment of this county, was the eldest child of William W. and Isabel Bryant, whose maiden name was Rankin. William Bry- ant was a native of Virginia, by trade a mechanic, who married the lady mentioned in Tennessee, .where he removed in an early day. His skill in mechanics was somewhat remarkable, and it is related of him that very few, if any, excelled him as a mechanic. The subject of this sketch was born on the 23d of December, 1828. Six years later, the family set out for Illinois, and settled in what was then the old fashioned village of Jacksonville, where he afterward died. His wife survived him some five years. After the death of his father, Dr. Bryant worked by the month for neighboring far- mers. During the Mexican war, he became enrolled as a volunteer in Co. D., 1st Regt. Remaining one year in the service, and on the field during the engagement of Buena Vista. Honorably discharged before the close of the war, he returned to Morgan Co., where he began the study of medicine, and in time became a practicing physician. He married in 1860 Miss Sarah Huckstep, a daughter of Thomas Huckstep, an old resiJent of this county. In 1874 Mrs. Bry- ant departed this life, leaving to her hus- band's care eight children : Charles C.. Steven G., Martha E., James O., Thomas E., Kate L., Jessie and Adian Irving^. On the loth of August, 1876, Dr. Bryant mar- ried Mrs. Susan Wilder, relict of Franklin Wilder. To use a common phrase, Mr. Bryant has seen many of the ups and downs of life; at one time a merchant, and at an- other the proprietor of a grist-mill. Of late years his time has been occupied tilling the soil BUCHANAN WILLIAM, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Buchanan was born on the old home- stead of his parents, Benjamin and Mary Buchanan, July, 1844 BULL SOLOMON, farm and stock- raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Franklin BURCH JOHN B. farmer and stock - raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Franklin. In tracing the genealogy of families in this county, as but few items have been preserved in writ- ing, information in rel.ition to families is mostly taken from memory. Shelby Burch, TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 569 father of John B., was a native of Ken- tucky; but little is known of his early life. At an early date he removed with his par- ents to Illinois, locating in the vicinity of Franklin, where he afterward married Miss Sarah Wyatt, daughter of John Wyatt and sister to Col. W. J. Wyatt. By this mar- riage two children: Mary, who married H. C. Woods, now resides in Virden, Macoupin Co., 111., and John B. Mr. Burch died while in early manhood Aug. 26, 1846. Mrs. Burch afterward married Francis M. Scott, and now resides in Franklin. Oct. I, 1868, John married 'Miss Helen Rice, daughter of W. W. Rice, of Waverly. One child, Freddie, born June 13, 1873; owns a farm comprising 150 acres; for seven years has been township assessor, which office he now holds Burk Austin, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Burk John, farmer, P.O. Franklin Burnett C. R. renter, P.O. Franklin BURNETT ROL.AND, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Burnett was born April 30, 1835. On the old homestead of his father, Isham Burnett, surrounded by the influences of pioneer life, he grew to manhood, attending the subscription schools in the winter season, and during the summer his time was em- ployed on the farm, from the time he could handle the ax or hold the plow. During the war he became a contractor, supplying the boys in blue with clothing and provis- ions; for four years he followed the move- ments of the army. At its close, owing to a general credit system, with pockets de- pleted, he returned to Morgan Co., and settled down to the pursuits that he had been accustomed to from boyhood. Pur- chasing an estate of 160 acres, as years rolled by he added to this, and now owns farm property comprising 320 acres. Sept. 12, 1877, he married Miss Louetta Hamil- ton, daughter of H. C. and Rosella Ham- ilton CAIN MARTHA A. farming, Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin Cain Robt. farm hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin CALHOUN ABRAHAM, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Calhoun was born in Green Co., Ky., February, 1846. His parents were natives of Kentucky, and there followed farming. The ancestry of this family were among the first settlers of Kentucky. In 1851, the Calhoun family emigrated to Illinois, when the comforts of the Eastern States could be procured in the West. The family settled near Scottville Macoupin Co., where Mrs., Calhoun now lives. One year after his arrival, Mr. Calhoun died, and was laid at rest in Greene Co. Mrs. C. afterward mar- ried John McCollum, of Macoupin Co., where Abraham grew to maturity, and mar- ried Sarah E. Turner, of Greene Co. Four children blessed this union : David T., Theresa M., James T., and Julia J. Mr. Calhoun owns 88 '/ acres of land; a man of enterprise, which is the farmer's success Carrick John, renter, P.O. Waverly CHAMBERS MOSES, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Scottville, Ma- coupin Co. Fifth child of John and Nancy Chambers, natives of North Carolina, who moved westward to Illinois in 1838, and located on rented property in Morgan Co., west of Franklin. The subject of this sketch was born in 1850. Growing to man- hood, he received a common-school educa- tion. Unlike the boys of to-day, he had but few advantages wherewith to com- mence the battle of life. Mr. Chambers owns forty acres of land Cline Lyman, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Franklin Cline Owen, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Collins Thomas, renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Franklin Covey John, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin COVEY ROBERT (deceased), was a farmer and stock-raiser in Morgan Co.; was born near Knoxville, Tenn. From boyhood to manhood the hard work of the farm fell to his lot. In his early manhood, he married Miss Dodd, a daughter of Wil- liam Dodd, who came in an early day to Illi- nois. In 1836, when people from all parts of the country began to move westward, Robert Covey gathered together his per- sonal effects, and made a trip to Illinois by wagon, and settled on the south fork of the Mauvaisterre, where himself and wife passed the remainder of their days. Rob- ert, junior, from whom this sketch was obtained, was born in Morgan Co., Oct. n, 1838. Educated in district schools, at 22 he married Miss Lucinda Dalton, of Morgan Co.; by this marriage five children: Nancy 570 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. P., Mary Ann, Laura E., Vina and Lew- ella. March 9, 1870, Mrs. Covey departed this life, and the same year Mr. C. married Miss Mary Jane Talkington, daughter of William; by this marriage four children: Electa E., Sarah Abigail, Clarissa and Eve- line, all born in Morgan Co. Mr. Covey owns 101 acres COVEY WILLIAM, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Covey was born in Knox Co., Tenn., March 5, 1836. Himself and twin-brother, L. Sam- uel, accompanied their parents to Illinois during the Autumn of 1836, settling on the Mauvaisterre, in Morgan Co., where the family formed the acquaintance of Judge L. Samuel Wood, Dr. Moore, and others. About 1839 the exact date cannot be ascertained Robert Covey, the father of William, died, leaving to the care of his wife a large family. William, thus deprived of a parent, to help toward the maintenance of the family, became employed on a farm. Feb. 7, 1860, married Miss Nancy Seymour, a daughter of Richardson and Mary Ann Seymour. On the 2d of August, 1862, Mr. Covey enlisted in the loist 111. Infantry Co. H., for three years' service; was a wit- ness of the siege of Vicksburg, with Sher- man on his march to the sea, and endured many hardships. Honorably discharged at Camp Butler, 111., June, 1865 COX JOH^f, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Youngblood. Mr. C. was born in Morgan Co. March I, 1838 ; fourth child of Harris and Nancy Cox, natives of Virginia and Kentucky respectively, who became residents of Madisonville, Ind., where they were married, and afterward re- moved to Boone Co., there following farm- ing four years, and then made their way to Illinois, locating in Morgan Co. in 1834, entering an 80 acre tract; a purchase of 160 acres was made ; on the land entered he built a log cabin. His children born in this county : Julia A., Sarah J., Robert B., and John H. In 1844 Mrs. C. died. Mr. C. afterward marrying Mary Sims, daughter of Wm. Sims. By this marriage eleven children, eight are living. Some fourteen years ago Mr. C. died ; he left an estate of 240 acres ; a man of strict integrity ; his death was regretted by all who knew him. The gentleman who heads this sketch re- ceived his education in subscription schools. In his 25th year he married Mary Frances Boyer, daughter of Wm. J. Boyer, ofSanga- mon Co. Five children blessed this union: Wm. H., born Nov. 17, 1868; Geo. B., Oct. 14, 1870; Charley, Oct. 17, 1872; David N. Oct. 5, 1874^ Nancy B., March 30, 1876. Mr. C. owns 105 acres; an energetic, hon- orable man, he is quite comfortably situ- ated in life. For the past four years he has held the position of constable, discharging his duties to the satisfaction of law abiding citizens. Mr. C. has in his possession an interesting relic of by-gone days that was probably in use during the Revolutionry War, that has descended down to the present generation, a valuable souvenir of early days Cox William, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Youngblood Culberson George, blacksmith, P.O. Waverly Culverson Jas. farmer, P.O. Franklin CULVERSON WILLIAM, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Franklin. Mr. C. was born in the State of Pennsylva- nia, and there followed the occupation of a farmer. Removing to Illinois as early as 1840. and settled on the Mauvaisterre, in the vicinity of Judge Wood's residence. For a number of years Mr. Culverson was a resident of Greene Co.; of late years a resident of Morgan Co., his time has been devoted to agriculture. Since his settle- ment Mr. C. has had a varied experience, and has lived to see the county grow from a wilderness of prairie to its present pros- perity Ty\LTON BAXTER, farmer, Sec. 22, U P.O. Franklin I>ALTON CLAYBURN , a farmer in the bounds of Morgan Co. for nearly a quarter of a century ; was born in Rock- inghamCo., North Carolina, July 17, 1807 ; in early infancy his parents removed to Kentucky, and there engaged in farming. In his 2 1st year Clayburn Dalton married Miss Pamelia Haynes, daughter of William Haynes, and a sister of Green Haynes, Esq. In 1829, in company with William Haynes, he traversed the broad prairies for Illinois, and on arrival settled in Cass Co., where he rented land, and the following year he removed to Morgan Co., where he set- TOWN 13 NORTH BANGS 9 WEST. 571 tied on the estate now owned by John Dalton; he built a log cabin on this prop- erty, and formed the acquaintance of such men as Martin Read and others. His land heavily timbered, he toiled indefatigably for many a year; at the age of 60 he died. To John, with whom the latter years of his life were passed, he willed his property; his wife still survives, living on the farm, where she has been a living witness of many vast changes tending to the general improve- ment of the county. John was born in Mor- gan Co. March 27, 1835. Growing to man- hood, he obtained a liberal education for the times. Owning 200 acres of land well im- proved, part of the homestead property, he lives in very comfortable circumstances Dalton Green, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O Young- blood Dalton James, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Franklin Dalton Parmelia, Sec. 22, P.O. Franklin Dannell Reason, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Davis Monterey, farm hand, P.O. Young- blood DEAR TWYDELL, farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 5, P.O. Franklin. He was the youngest of a family of five children ; his father was a native of England, who there married Miss Mary Dudhop. In merry England he followed farming. In 1845, accompanied by his wife, he crossed the At- lantic for America ; from New York city he came direct to Morgan Co., settling four miles from the present city of Jacksonville, purchasing 210 acres, he became a suc- cessful farmer; in 1858 he departed this life, leaving to the care of his wife five children : Marie, Anna, Mary, Euphemia, and Twydell, who heads this sketch, who was born in Morgan Co. Sept. 27, 1852 ; at 21 he married Miss Mary Sey- mour, a daughter of Robert Seymour; by this marriage three children : Ida, born April, 1873 ; Hattie E., born Feb. 17, 187"$; Docia, born Feb. 17, 1877 Deatherage Phillip M. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin Deatherage William, farmer and school teacher, Sec. 25, P.O. Waverly Dennis John H. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Dennis Levi, farmer, P.O. Franklin Dennis William, farm hand, P.O. Waverly DENNIS WILLIAM P. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Dennis was born in the State of Tennessee, where the head of the family followed farm- ing. When William had attained the age of 16 years his parents, to better their own fortune and to give their children a better start in life, emigrated to Illinois in the Autumn of 1849, coming through in the homely rough wagon, and locating first in Morgan Co., in the edge of Waverly pre- cinct, where they have been permanent residents. Wm. P. was a hard worker in his youth - he remains so to-day and therein lies the secret of his success in life ; obtain- ing his education in district schools. At 22 he married Miss Eliza Vannot, daughter of Jacob Vannot. The children are named Mary, Newton J., Thomas, Albert, Clement, Ella, Myrtie, Roy, and Alma. Mr. D. owns "]2 l /2 acres Dugger Hewer, renter, P.O. Youngblood P* DWARDS AUSTIN, farmer, P.O. Scott- ~ ville, Macoupin Co. Edwards Daniel, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin Co. Edwards Francis M. farmer. Sec. 31, P.O. Youngblood Edwards Hardin, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Franklin Edwards Wm. B. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Scott - ville, Macoupin Co. Edwards Zacharia, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin Co. England E. renter, P.O. Waverly England Wm. H. farmer, P.O. Franklin Evans David, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Evrett Z. B. renter, P.O. Youngblood BANNING GEORGE, farm hand, P.O, Scottville, Macoupin Co. Fanning Henry, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Youngblood FANNING JOHN B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Youngblood, oldest son of Robert and Mary Fanning, the grandfather of John, it may be well to state here, set out for the far west as early as 1825, making the trip in a two-wheeled cart, similar in construction to those now used in cities. Robert, father of the sub- ject of this sketch, in early youth left Ten- nessee, traveling the entire distance on foot; he located/in Morgan Co. near Jack- sonville, stopping but a short time, he made 572 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. his way to Arkansas ; he did not remain long, however, until he again came to Mor- gan Co. where he purchased 150 acres of land ; he married Miss Mary McCurley. daughter of Joseph McCurley, a native of Alabama, in 1836. Eight children ; five are now living : Sarah J., William T., Mary E., Robert, and John B. He became the owner of 420 acres of land, working at first by the month for small wages, by en- ergy he succeeded well in life. He died in 1876. Mrs. F. still survives. John B. at- tended to the farm duties from the time he was old enough. He first attended school when they were taught by subscription ; when twenty years of age he manied Miss Amelia Jane Tribble, daughter of William and Martha Tribble ; twelve children ; ten living : Robert T., Mary E., Andrew, Nan- cy C., Joseph S., Richard A., Sarah, Thos. J. and Laura A. (twins), and Harvey M. Mr. Fanning owns seventy-three acres ; for four years has held the position of consta- ble Fanning Robert, farmer and stock raiser, P. O. Murrayville FANNING ROBERT D. farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 22 and 23, P.O. Frank- lin. Mr. F. was born in what is now termed Youngblood Prairie, Morgan Co., His preliminary education was received in subscription schools, and afterward com- pleted in the district schools, when they began to play an important part in the ed- ucation of the youth. Shortly before at- taining his majority, Mr. Fanning came into possession of land the estate of Jacob Fanning, his father, who died during his early childhood days. At twenty-two he was united in the bonds of matrimony to Miss Elizabeth E. Nail, daughter of John and Elizabeth. By this marriage four chil- dren : Andrew J., born 1861 ; Cora, born 1863 ; Edgar, born 1868 ; Oliver, born 1873 ; Andrew died Sept. 4, 1862. Mr. Fanning owns sixty-three acres in the neighborhood of the old home property FANNING- W. T. farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 13, P.O. Youngblood. William was the fourth child of Robert and Mary Fanning, natives of Tennessee and Ala- bama. Robert F. who settled in this coun- ty prior to the deep snow, was born about the year 1816 ; of his early life but little is known ; he was raised a farmer boy, and received a common school education ; when thirteen years of age his parents emigrated to Illinois, nearly the entire distance being walked, as the slow-moving wagon must at times been monotonous. Remaining but a short time in.Illinois after his arrival, Rob- ert Fanning removed to Arkansas ; a some- what noted shot, a great portion of his time was spent in pursuit of the deer, do- ing his first work by the month no doubt ; the little money thus received was a source of pride and gratifaction, for it was gener- ally of an unknown quality. He married in his eighteenth year, Miss Mary McCurley. To illustrate the thrifty habits of this youth- ful couple, it may be stated that as children grew up around them, the wife and mother wove and spun the garments for their wear; the husband, after a hard day's work on the farm, fashioned boots and shoes for the children. Robert became a successful far- mer by energy and judgment ; he departed this life Sept. 18, 1877, and as an upright citizen this short sketch is of interest to the many western people who knew him in life. W. T. Fanning was born in Morgan Co., August, 1843 ; he received a liberal education, and at eighteen married Miss Rebecca Brown, a daughter of John and Sarah ; becoming heir to part of the old homestead property. Mr. F. is the owner of 105 acres ; born and bred to farm life, he understands every detail of the duties in- cumbent upon it. Eight children ; six liv- ing : George W., Charles E., Francis S., Thomas, Laura B., and Robert S. Ferguson Wm. renter, P.O. Franklin (~* ALLAHER PATRICK, farmer, Sec. 12, ^- J P.O. Franklin GIBSON JOHN M. REV. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Franklin, was born in Rutherford Co., Tenn., Feb. 3, 1821 ; attended subscription school in win- ter and worked on his father's farm in summer. In 1830, his father, James Gib- son, in company with others, left Tennes- see to try and better their fortunes in a new country, traveling in wagons drawn by ox- en ; after four weeks of hardships and bad weather, they landed in Morgan Co., where the elder Gibson entered 320 acres of land, in what is called Youngblood Prairie ; here TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 573 Mr. Gibson worked hard, and studied harder for a number of years, entering in the mean time, 155 acres of land, which he improved as much as possible, and on the l6th day of March, was married to Miss Mary, daughter of Joshua and Elizabeth Davidson. In 1860 Mr. Gibson was li- censed as a preacher, of the M. E. church ; in 1863, sold his farm in Youngblood, purchased 232 acres in Sec. 3, T. 13, R. 9, and has been engaged in raising stock and fanning to the present day. Ten children, nine of whom are still living: Lizzie, who married John H. Van Winkle ; George, who married Savinia Carlile ; Hannah, who married Dr. S. D. Carlile, and James, Al- trt, Delia, Mary E., Richard, and Julia, 11 living with their parents. Mr. Gib- aun's mother, a lady eighty years of age, lives with him, and is as hale and hearty as most women of sixty Gray James, farmer, P.O. Waverly Gray Nathaniel, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Wa- verly Grider J. M. farmer, P.O. Youngblood Gunnels Maria Miss, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin Gunnels Mary Mrs. farming, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin Gunnels Rufus, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Wa- verly TTAM MONROE, farm hand, P.O. Wa-' ** verly Harrington Rose Mrs. P.O. Waverly Hart David, farmer, P.O. Scottville, Macou- pin Co. Hart John, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Franklin Hart W. J. renter, P.O. Franklin Helems Juhn, farm hand, P.O. Youngblood HENRY DAVID, farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 8 and 17, P.O. Youngblood. The grandfather of the subject of our notice settled in the bounds of Morgan Co. as early as 1832 ; he married Miss Elizabeth Alexander, by this marriage ten children, of whom Greenup Henry, father of David, was the oldest ; he was born in Bourbon County, Ky., July 25, 1808. In Morgan Co. he entered a tract of land, shortly after his arrival ; he married, in his twenty-first year, Miss Elnora Prathea, in Kentucky ; by this marriage, ten children, five of whom are living now : John, Mary, Ann, David, and Robert. David was born X in Morgan Co., Nov, 6, 1840 ; when twenty- one, he entered the service of Uncle Sam, enlisting in Co. F, toist 111. Infantry, at Jacksonville, for three years service ; with this regiment during a portion of the war ; he was subsequently transferred to the Army of the Cumberland; in the battles of Peach Tree Creek, Dallas, and many others. He was honorably discharged at Springfield, 111., and, returned to Morgan Co., where he has since resided. In his twenty-fifth year, he married Miss Marga- ret McCurley, a daughter of Ezekiel Mc- Curley. Five children : Everett, born Sept. 27, 1867, Thomas, Aug. 12, 1869, Paton, Nov. 15, 1872, Gussie, April 15, 1874, Car- rie, Oct. 2, 1877. Mr. Henry owns 177 acres of land, on which he has made ex- tensive improvements HENRY GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Youngblood, second child of Richard and Elizabeth Henry. Parents of Richard, to better their for- tunes, came west when he was but two years of age, shortly before the deep fall of snow, through which the family suf- fered the following winter; in Morgan Co. their life was characterized by hard- ships for a number of years. During the winter of 1872 Mrs. H. departed this life; Mr. Henry still survives, living in Ma- coupin Co. George was born in Morgan Co., in Dec., 1852, and received a district school education. Growing to manhood, his time became employed on the farm; at 20 he married Miss Susan McCurley, daughter of Ezekiel McCurley, one of the early residents of this county. Owning 100 acres of land Mr. Henry follows the oc- cupation he has followed from boyhood HENRY JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Youngblood. Mr. Henry was the fourth child of a family of thirteen children; his father, Elijah Henry, one of the first settlers of this county, was born in Kentucky, near Flat Rock, about the year 1821; when nine years old his pa- rents moved to Illinois, on hearing many glowing accounts of its fertility, locating in the southern portion of Morgan Co.; with no capital to speak of he encountered many hardships ; leaving a comfortable home in the South, the rough life in the West was not altogether pleasant; he raised 574 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. a family of nine children of whom the father of James was the fifth child; he re- ceived a district school education and fol- lowed in after years, successfully, the occu- pation of farmer, now comfortably situated in life, he resides with his wife in Murray- ville Precinct. James was born on the old homestead, Jan. i, 1847; at 1 9 he married Miss Melinda Fanning, daughter of Rob- ert and Mary Fanning, natives of Ala- bama, and who became early residents of Illinois; four children, Albert, Elijah, Rob- ert and Julia Henry Wm., farm hand, P.O. Youngblood Hester James, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Young- blood Hester Wm., renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Young- blood HILL ISAAC, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Youngblood. Tracing back the genealogy of this family we find that Richard Hill, the father of Isaac, was born April I2th, 1799, as near as can be ascer- tained, in Virginia. But little is known of his early life; when quite young he re- moved to Kentucky where he found em- ployment as a farmer and relieved the mo- notony of life by hunting the game that abounded in the forests of Kentucky. In 1815, when 14 years of age, his parents de- termined to explore the great Northwest Territory, and accordingly set out in a one- horse, two-wheeled cart. They settled in what is now known as Hamilton. Illinois. Few had arrived at this date, when the mighty buffalo roamed at will and the red man traversed the forests; in the then wilds of Illinois Mr. H. farmed it and acquired a proficiency in the use of the rifle that ex- tended over a considerable portion of the West; he married Miss Mary Ann Webb, a daughter of Lazarus and Nancy Webb; he was among the first in his neighborhood to enter land from the Government. By his first marriage three children, of whom Isaac is the only survivor; his second wife, Mrs. Frances Nichols, who was born in Tennessee; by this union five children, all living: James, Geo. W., Mary Ann, Robert and Richard H. Mr. H.-died in 1838, at a time when Illinois had begun to witness many improvements. His first wife had died ten years previously; his second wife still survives, living in Fayette Co., 111. Mac- ;.s Ocr. Referring to the history of him who heads this sketch, he was born in Hamilton Co., Illinois; he became a resident of Morgan Co. in 1840. The war with Mexico coming on, he enlisted in Co. F, First Regt. 111. Vol., for one year's service, under the com- mand of Capt. W. J. Wyatt; on the field of the battle of Buena Vista, after one year's service, he was honorably discharged at Ca- margo, Mexico, and returned to Morgan Co., January, 1847. Two years later he married Miss Sarah Ann Daugherty; Mrs. H. 'vas born in Morgan Co., April 2oth, 1831. For twenty years Mr. Hill has been Jus- tice of the Peace discharging the duties appertaining to the office to the satisfac- tion of all. The union of Mr. and Mrs. was blest with the following children: R., born Oct. 23, 1853; Nancy M., Ocr* 26, 1855, died Sept. 22, 1858; William L., born Dec. 26, 1857, died Jan. 17, 1864; Sa- rah E., born May 15, 1860; Martha A., born June 23, 1862; George M., born Sept. 4, 1864; Isaac M., born Feb. 3, 1867, died March 13, 1868; Charles R., born Jan. 19, 1869; Minnie B., born June 28, 1871; Til- den C., Nov. 29, 1876. Mr. Hill owns 204 acres on which he erected, some ten years ago, a handsome dwelling. Two of his children, John R., and Margaret now reside in Christian Co., I1J. Hursi Anson, farm hand, P.O. Scottville Ma- coupin Co. Hurst Newton, renter, P.O. Youngblood JOHNSON HIRAM, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Franklin JONES JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Waverly. The above named gentleman is the third child of Reuben and Nancy Jones, whose maiden name was Armstrong. Reuben Jones was a native of Tennessee, his wife was born in Kentucky. James, who heads this sketch, from the early days of childhood to the ma- turer ears of manhood, has been a resident of this county and his occupation that of a farmer; on attending school the first teacher he remembers was James Trible who was among the first to settle in Morgan Co. In 1871 Mr. Jones was married to Miss Mi- nerva S. Cox, of Kentucky. By this mar- riage three children: John R., born in 1872, Gallic W., 1874, Ida May, 1877 TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. Jones Davis, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Jones John T., farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin T/'ANE ADELINE Mrs., farming, P.O. " Waverly Kelly Wm., farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Young- blood Kingley Wm., renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Young- blood L.AXKFORD CHAMPLAIN, far- mer and stock raiser, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Lankford was b;>rn in Tennessee, March, 1822, where his father was engaged in farming, and where Champlain grew to man's estate, acquiring an education in a subscription school; at twenty-five he mar- ried Miss Nancy Ann Jones, daughter of Edward Jones, a native of Virginia; pur- chasing a small farm, he worked very diligently for many years; in 1856, owing to the reports of the fertility of Illinois, he set his face toward the west; in due time he arrived in Morgan County, settling in what is commonly called Mud Prairie, where he first rented, until he became enabled to buy; in 1862, his wife departed this life, the remains being interred in the Jones cemetery; on the decease of his wife Mr. Lankford was left with a family of five children; owning a farm of 170 acres, per- haps no man in the county worked more than he to bring land to a proper state of cultivation; the success achieved is due to his individual efforts; five children: Wm. E., Amanda, Hillery C., Reuben, and Harriet Ann Long Elias, farmer, Sec. 16. P.O. Franklin Long Jacob E. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Frank- lin Luttrell John, renter, P.O. Waverly LYNCH MICHAEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Franklin; Michael was the youngest of a family of six children; his parents, Patrick and Mary, were natives of County Galway, Ireland, where the subject of this sketch was born, about the year 1822 ; when old enough he came in for his share of the duties apper- taining to the farm; in the year 1854, while still a young man, he left Erin's green isle for America; arriving in New York city, he made his way to Massachusetts, but re- mained but six months; thence to Illinois settling in Morgan County, where, for the first few years, he worked by the month; in 1861, he married Mrs. Mary Stapleton, relict of John Stapleton; by first marriage of Mrs. L. two children: Margaret and Bridget; Mr. Lynch is the owner of 150 acres of well improved land; commencing life with no capital, he has made a success- ful farmer |\ /I ANN A. H. farmer and stock raiser, - 1 -*-*- Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin; in the year 1820, when the attention of the people of the Southern and Eastern States was attracted to the fertile prairies of the West, John and Elsie, parents of the subject of this sketch, set out from Ohio to Indiana, their goods packed in an ox cart; the little party of emigrants made their way over the track- less waste of prairie, coming in contact with but few cabins on the way; they settled near Terre Haute, a small place, where but one white man resided; keeping a small store, he supplied the early settler with the necessaries of life. The cabin entered was built by the head of the family, a rude affair, constructed of poles; here he lived for many years, his companions the backwoodsman or daring adventurer; the wagon heownedwas manufactured by him- self, the wheels being cut from a fallen tree, holes being bored through the center, a reach attached to this, and the whole surmounted by a rude box. Various inter- esting items could be told of the early life of Mr. M. did space permit. His marriage was blessed with twelve children, five of whom are living; the oldest, whose name appears at the head of this sketch, waS born in Sullivan County, Indiana, in 1819; when but a lad of sixteen, in company with a Mr. Harney, he set out for Illinois, where he settled in Franklin, Morgan County; it then contained but two frame buildings. At the end of eight years, during which lime he worked at his trade of cooper, his parents also became residents of Illinois, where they passed the remainder of life. In 1846, A. H. Mann married Miss Nancy Covey, daughter of Robert and Ann Covey, natives of Tennessee, where Mrs. Mann was born, in 1826. Three children, two of whom are living: Mary married Green 576 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Dalton, and John, who married Rebecca Dalton; Mr. M. owns 75 acres of land, well improved, owing to indefatigable energy Malone John, renter, P.O. Franklin Mansfield Milden, farmer. Sec. 26, P.O. Wa- verly McCann Ancil, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly McCUBLEY EZEKIEL, farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 19, P.O. Youngblood. Mr. McCurley, who, for half a century, has been a living witness of the vast improve- ments that have taken place in Morgan County, was the second son of Joseph and Rebecca McCurley, who removed from Alabama to Morgan County, during the Autumn of 1828, and settled in what is now called Youngblood prairie; a hard worker, a true type of the western pioneer, he passed the remainder of his life in Morgan County, dying the winter of 1843; his wife, who had shared with her husband many years of prosperity and hardship, survived him some fifteen years. Ezekiel, whose name appears at the top of this sketch, was born in Kentucky, March, 1808; relating to the writer scenes of long ago, Mr. McC. states that four miles from where he lived in those days, when wheat bread was a rarity, was a horse mill, where he would patiently await his, turn to have his grist ground; in his twentieth year he married Miss Jane Criswell, a daughter of Samuel Criswell; some three years later Mr. McC. entered land from the govern- ment; having no capital, he was compelled to borrow money at 30 per cent, interest; corn then brought but 8 and 10 cents per bushel, wheat 30 cents, and other things in proportion; the crops worth so little, how- ever, grew abundantly, and with little effort compared with the present day; eleven children born of this marriage, seven living: Samuel, of whom mention is made elsewhere, and William, who married Miss Sabitha Davis, of Morgan County, in 1856, has always been a resident of this county; born April 17, 1838; he was edu- cated in subscription schools, and has raised ten children, seven living: Aman- da J., Alice, Lewella, John H., Ezekiel H., Mary E., and Ruby E. Mr. M. owns 920 acres of land. Beside Samuel and Wil- liam, Julia Ann, who married John C. Speres; Etneline, who married Jarrett Seymour; Margaret, who married David Henry; Susan, who married Geo. Henry, and Elizabeth, unmarried McCurley James P., farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O*. Youngblood McCUBLEY SAMUEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Youngblood, son of Ezekiel McCurley and Jane Criswell, natives of Tennessee, was born Sept. 3, 1829, in the Seymour settlement, this county. The McCurleys are contemporary settlers of 13-9, with the Seymours and Wyatts, their pioneer days dating back to 1827; at the age of nine little Sam first made his debut as a scholar in the "log school house; " not a free school, but a "pay school." The furniture of the school con- sisted of two slabs of wood, and to allow the light into its precincts, the door had to be left open; hence Sam's education has none of the classics, nor does he aspire to the prominence of a Virgil. Having endured the hardships incident to a boy born in the primitive days of our history, at the age of twenty-five years, married Miss Elizabeth Seymour, daughter of James P. Seymour; the ceremony was performed by Rev. William Evans, a minister of the M.E. Church; had by this union Susan, born Oct. 15, 1855; James B., born Nov. 22, 1856; in six days after the birth of the last named child, Mrs. McCurley passed from earth to heaven. Mr. McCurley was mar- ried again April 17, 1858; has had by this marriage Nancy J., born May 20, 1859; Lavinia A., Feb. 6, 1862 ; Mary E. born Dec. 16, 1863, and died Feb. 23, 1869; George, born Feb. 22, 1866, died Nov. 7, 1866; Julia A., Aug. 21, 1867; Mary C., Oct. 12, 1869; William E., Nov. 26, !873; Agnes, Sept. 9, 1876. These good parents are devoted Christians, and are zealous members of the Baptist church; love their God and their fellow-man; own a fine farm of 130 acres of good land, and are universally respected McFALiLiS JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Youngblood, oldest son of Brunell and Jane McFalls, natives of Morgan County, where the subject of this sketch was born, in 1851; for five years he hired out by the month for neighboring TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 577 farmers; unlike most young men, he saved what he earned, and now, although quite young, owns 80 acres of land; very few at his age have succeeded as well in life; in 1874, he married Mrs. Sarah Jane McCur- ley, daughter of Hardin Edwards, and relict of Jas. F. McCurley; by this marriage one child, Jane, born Sept. 1876; by her first marriage Mrs. McF. had three children: Ettie, Ida, and Willie, the only one living McKauk Frank, renter, Sec. 34, P.O. Frank- lin McNeeley James, farmer, Sec. 30 P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin County McNeeley William, renter; Sec. 31, P.O. Youngblood Miller Reuben, farmer. Sec. 32, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin County Mitchell Joseph, renter, Sec. 25, P.O. Wa- verly Morris A. J. renter, Sec. 29, P.O. Young- blood Morris E. T. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Youngblood MORRIS J. W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 25, P.O. Waverly; the oldest of a family of seven children; he was born in Maryland, June 4, 1842; in early infancy his father died, and thus thrown on his own resources, at the age of twelve, he re- moved to the State of Delaware, where he worked for farmers, until the breaking out of the rebellion, then in his eighteenth year, he enlisted, in Co. A, First Delaware Cav- alry, and also served eight months in the Infantry service; for three years he followed the fortunes of war; during which time he took part in the battles of Antietam, Wilderness, Coal Harbor.Bombardment of Petersburgh, and many others; honorably discharged; he returned to Delaware, and became employed on the Phil., Wil. & Bait. R. R.; in 1868 he became a resident of Scott County, where he married Miss Lizzie Haskell, a daughter of Benjamin Haskill; they were married in September, 1872. Lately have taken up their abode in old Morgan; three children: Bertrand, Bertha, and Vincent Much Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Wa- verly Mulk Mary Mrs. fanning, Sec. 19 P.O. Wa- verly Myers Jacob, renter; P.O. Youngblood XT ALL ELIZABETH MRS. farming, -^ Sec. 22, P.O. Franklin Nail Harrison, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Nail John T, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Frank- lin Neighbert Samuel, farm hand, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin County Newman Jacob, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Frank- lin pETREE FRANCIS, Sec. i, P.O. -* Franklin; retired farmer and stock raiser. A native of North Carolina; was born Feb. 2, 1792. In 1802 the family moved to Kentucky, where Mr. Petree grew to man- hood; formed the acquaintance of and mar- ried Sallie Luttrell, a daughter of Richard and Nancy Luttrell, in 1811. He longed for a home in the far West, and finally concluded to make an attempt at reaching the coveted spot. Accordingly, not being able to purchase the necessary wagon, he placed his wife and two children on one horse, his son John on another, himself being on foot, and driving three cows, the little family started. After three weeks of privations and hardship, they landed in Madison County, Illinois; two years after he moved to Morgan County, and entered 200 acres of land on Mauvaisterre Creek; Mr Petree drove hogs to St. Louis, and sold them for $1.50 per hundred; the money to pay for his land. Some years after settling in Morgan County, Mr. Petree became afflicted with cancer; he tried all the physicians within his reach, but all united in pronouncing him incur- able; hearing of a man in Alabama, who was " endowed with power to heal," he bid his family and friends farewell, not thinking he would ever return, and was hauled the entire distance in a wagon, not being able to get up when down. In three weeks after arriving in Alabama, he was able to walk around, and improved so rapidly that he was soon pronounced well. Nine children; only two of whom are now living: John, who lives in Morgan County, and Sarah, who married James Cox, of Mauvaisterre. In 1845 Mrs Petree de- parted this life; in the same year Mr. Petree married Tabitha, relict of Thomas Luttrell; this union proved of long duration; Mrs. Petree living till Oct. 1873 578 MORGAN COUNTY DIBECTOKY. TO ADFORD CHARLES, farmer, Sec. 20. 1V P.O. Youngblood Radford William, renter, P.O. Youngblood Ray Sarah, farming, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly JREAD JAS. H. farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 12, P.O. Franklin; son of John and Susan Read; natives of Butler County, Kentucky, where Jas. was born May 13, 1846; the father of James was a black- smith, a superior workman, who on hearing the many glowing accounts of the far West, set out for Illinois, locating in Franklin. At the age of seven, young Read attended school; his teacher John Rinnaker; in 1864 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty- Fifth Illinois Infantry, under the command of Colonel Lackey, of Macon County; on being honorably discharged, at Camp But- ler, at the close of the war, he returned to Morgan County, where he has since been engaged in farming. In 1858 Mr. Read married Miss Martha A. Brewer, a daugh- ter of H. D. Brewer; by this marriage five children, f ur living: Fred E. born Jan. 23, 1870; Alice M. Feb. 12, 1871; Walter S. July 9, 1875 ; Fanny, Oct. 26, 1877 Rees John M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 17, P.O. Franklin Reeves A. B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Waverly Reeves John W. renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Frank- lin Rice Washington, renter, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin Roberts Geo. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin ROBERTS JAMES A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin. The gentleman who heads this sketch, was born in Washington County, Tennessee, Dec. 30, 1819; when but II years of age, his parents, William and Eve, crossed the broad prairies by wagons, and settled in Morgan County in 1833; at this time game of every kind abounded; horse-mills being used to grind the grist, the flour was bolted by hand. William, the father of James, was born near Savannah, in South Caro- lina, in 1797; he became a farmer and man- ufacturer of boots and shoes; and displayed a great talent for preaching the gospel; he married Miss Eve Rubel, by whom he had twelve children; of whom James was the fifth child; above the average, displaying great ability as a business man, he entered deeply into trade, and like a good many men, met with reverses; he died in 1869; after a useful life. Mrs. William Roberts is now in her eighty-sixth year, and still re- sides on the old homestead. James grew up to manhood in Morgan County; in 1841 he married Miss Sarah Seymour, daughter of James P. Seymour, a native of North Carolina; twelve children were born to them, ten of which are living: Malvina, John, James H., Martin, Lydia, George, Susan, Peter, Julia and Louis. Mr. Roberts enlisted in Co. H, One Hundred and First Infantry, for a three years ser- vice; until the close of the war. A part of the company was captured at Holly Springs; at that time Mr. Roberts was transferred to the Marine Corps; afterwards rejoining his company, and became engaged in the bat- tles of Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain; Mis- sion Ridge, Dallas, Resaca, and others; he served six months as company cook, and afterwards filled the office of Sergeant. After the close of the war he was honor- ably discharged, at Springfield, Illinois, and returned to Morgan County; a success- ful farmer, he lives in affluent circum- stances; a generous man, who helps vigor- ously to promote the welfare of the County; he owns 345 acres of valuable land; the first house he purchased cost the enormous price of ten dollars, a log cabin, roughly con- structed; which in time gave place to a handsome family residence Roberts James H. farmer and stock raiser, P. O. Franklin Roberts John, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Franklin ROBERTS JOHN W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Roberts was the oldest of a family of twelve children; his father, James A, Roberts, whose name will be found in the general history of this volume, was one of the first settlers of Morgan Co. John, who heads this sketch, was born in Morgan Co. in 1843; the following year the family removed to the Lone Star State of Texas, but after a short residence returned to Morgan Co., where they have since resided, devoting their time to farming. When quite small, young R. attended a subscription school, taught in a log cabin, where the scholars were seated on benches made of split puncheon; on leaving the school-room, he TOWN 13 NOKTH RANGE 9 WEST. 579 turned his attention to the vocation that he had been accustomed to when a boy. Jan. 3, 1877, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Whitlock, a daughter of Luther Whitlock. Mr. Roberts owns eighty acres of land, well improved; having the confi- dence of the community in which he lives, for several years he held the office of con- stable; lately his term of service expired. Roberts Martin L. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Franklin Roberts Wilson, renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Frank- lin Robinson James, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Rouland Alexander, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O.Wa- verly Rouland C. L. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 25, P.O. Waverly Rouland William, farmer, .Sec. 36, P.O. Wa- verly Routt William R.farmhand, P.O.Youngblood CAMPLES ANDREW, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Waverly. Mr. S. was born in Kentucky, in 1798; David, his father, a farmer by occupation, and a native of Kentucky, there married Miss Mary Townsend; by this marriage eight children; three are now living: An- drew, Washington, and Aaron. David was among the first to enter Illinois, arriving in 1808, and settling in Madison Co. where the youthful days of Andrew were spent, his companions in play frequently the un- tutored Indian boys; in 1815 he served as a soldier; honorably discharged, he returned to his home; in 1824, in company with Jacob Boyer, he made his way to Morgan Co., 111., settling on the South Fork of the Mauvaisterre; the country but thinly popu- lated, Mr. S. found the chances for hard work exceedingly good. Mr. Samples had married in Madison Co. Miss Nancy Wood, a sister of the Hon. Samuel Wood, of this county. By his industry there soon rose up a log cabin as a beginning; the years going quickly by soon drove to the farther west the emigrant wagon, and in course of time the cabin, through which the snow drifted at will, gave place to a more sub- stantial dwelling. The first wife of Mr. S. died shortly after his arrival in the county, leaving eight children; in 1855 he married Miss Mary Buchanan; by the second mar- riage two children; Mr. Samples has owned considerable property; now owns forty acres SANSON HENRY, farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Sanson is a native of Lincolnshire, England; born May 18, 1822; in merry England his father tilled the soil, and on the farm Henry be- came employed when old enough; in his twenty-fifth year he married Miss Amy Fountain. During the year 1851 he left the old country for the new, landing in New York, after a long voyage; and from there he shortly afterward made his way to Albany, Cayuga Co., and there followed the occupation in which so many years of his young life were spent; moving westward to Morgan Co. he first worked for Jacob Strawn, renting property for a number of years from this man, then and afterward prominent in the affairs of county and State; it is highly probable from that source sprang considerable of the knowl- edge he now has of farming; purchasing part of the farm property where he now lives, in 1865; he afterward added to this, owning at one time 335 acres; he now has under cultivation 219; well and favorably known to the citizens of this county as a man of generous impulses, who keeps pace with the improvements of the country. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Sanson, seven of whom are living: Fred- erick H., Rachel, Ellen, Charles, Fanny, Horace, and Jacob S. SARGEANT WILLIAM, deceased, was born Jan. I 1801; his birth-place is rather obscure; his parents were, however, natives of North Carolina, and it is quite probable William was also born there. Removing from North Carolina to the State of Kentucky, he there formed the ac- quaintance of Christiana Rodgers, whom he afterward married, while still in the flush of early manhood; while a resident of Ken- tucky he followed farming; in an early day he left the sunny home in the South for the boundless prairies of the West; on his arrival in Illinois, about the year 1830, he first settled in Pike Co. where he remained a number of years, and where his first wife died; by this marriage ten children, nine living: William, Ann M., Elizabeth, Ellen, Caroline, Elmira, Hannah, Christiana, and 580 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. John. In 1850 Mr. Sargeant was united in ] marriage to Mrs. Kesiah Seymour, relict of Gramson Seymour. Mrs. Sargeant was a daughter of William Roberts, and a sister of the Hon. Peter Roberts, of this county. Mr. Sargeant became the owner of farm property, and departed this life March 29, 1868; a useful citizen, his death was re- gretted by a large circle of friends; to the care of a devoted wife he left five children: Miranda, Juliette, Laura A., Katey, and Andrew B. Mrs. Sargeant, from .whom this sketch is obtained, resides on her prop- erty, comprising fifty-eight acres of valua- ble land Sayre Ephraim, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Frank- lin Schneider George, renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Young- blood Schneider Henry, renter, Sec. 20. P.O. Young- blood Sevier A. D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Franklin Seymour Abraham, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Franklin Seymour Baker, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Franklin SEYMOUR BIRD, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin, the subject of this sketch, was the seventh child of Bird and Sallie Seymour, whose maiden name was Austin ; he was born in Morgan Co. in the Autumn of 1849, receiving his education in district schools ; at twenty he married Miss Matilda Reese, a daughter of John and Nancy, who were cotemporary with the early settlers of old Morgan. The marriage of Mr. S. to Miss Reese was blessed with two children : Edith, born Dec. 1872 ; Leonard, born June 6, 1875 ; early developing a surprising energy, Mr. S. at an early age set resolutely to work to provide a home ; but twenty-nine years of age, he now owns no acres of land, brought to a high state of cultivation ; he bids fair to succeed well in life, possessing the many qualities that eventually lead to success Seymour Charles O. farm hand, Sec. 22, P.O. Franklin Seymour Edward D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Franklin Seymour Elizabeth Mrs. farming, Sec. 4, P.O. Franklin Seymour Henry E. farm hand, P.O. Franklin SEYMOUR GEORGE W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Franklin, sev- enth child of John and Elizabeth Seymour, natives of North Carolina, who removed to Illinois in 1829, settling in Morgan Co. on the farm now owned by Robeit Sey- mour. Here George was born in the year 1836 ; receiving the usual district school education ; his first teacher was Miss Cyn- thia Hobson. When the rebellion came on he enlisted in 1862 in Co. H, roist 111. Inf. for three years service, taking the po- sition of second sergeant, but afterward served in the capacity of first sergeant, remaining two years and ten months; serv- ing in the Atlanta campaign, he became engaged in the battles of Mission Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree Creek, and oth- er hotly contested battles. On the close of the war, June, 1865, he was honorably discharged at Springfield. Since the close of the war he has followed farming ; he married in his twenty-second year, Anna Seymour, a daughter of Bird Seymour, recently deceased. Seven children : Lillie M., John W., Alva F., George N. f Henry L., Dolly, and Robert Seatie deceased SEYMOUR ISOM, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Franklin, oldest son of John and Elizabeth Seymour. The father of the subject of this sketch was a native of South Carolina ; his first wife, Elizabeth, born in Morgan Co.; this union was blessed with one child, not now living. Mrs. S. also died many years ago, and was laid at rest in the Criswell cemetery. Some months after, Mr. S. married Miss Martha Seymour, a sister of his former wife ; by this marriage six children, all living. Isom, who heads this sketch, was educated in district schools. At twenty he married Miss Mary R. Dun- can, daughter of John and Adeline Duncan. By this marriage, four children, three of whom are now living: Edith E., Edna M., and Margaret SEYMOUR JACKSON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Franklin, the subject of this sketch, who is one of our most substantial farmers, was the oldest son of John and Sarah Seymour, who were na- tives of Person Co., North Carolina, where young Seymour was born, Dec. 9, 1822. Seven years later the family emigrated to Illinois, locating in Morgan Co. It being TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 581 too late to make a crop, the head of the family, who was of a stirring disposition, worked that winter in the timber, and the following year bought an improved claim on what is now known as Sec. 3, in the vi- cinity of Providence. That year he raised an average crop ; during the winter of 1831, so well remembered by the older inhabi- tants of this county, the little stock he owned were fed by means of hand sleds drawn over the crust formed on the snow- This remarkable depth of snow is well re- membered by Jackson Seymour, and the important events transpiring five years later, known as the sudden change in the weath- er. This epoch in the county's history as related by him, came up very suddenly ; himself and another boy who were playing in an old shed at the farm when the cold wave came over, were enabled to reach the house inside of half an hour by gliding over the ice formed in that period of time. As related in the general history of this volume, a drizzling rain had set in, the weather, quite mild, had rendered the snow slushy, a con- dition of affairs that caused the water and snow to congeal rapidly. Like all men of enterprise John Seymour accumulated a considerable estate; a man of whom it may be truthfully said, his word was always as good as his bond, made him prominent and respected among the generous people with whom he associated. A distinguishing trait in his character was honesty of pur- pose, and zeal and energy that overcame every discouragement. He died in 1854, leaving a large estate and considerable per- sonal property. Mrs. Seymour, a true type of a western woman, died many years ago, and in death found a last resting place by the side of her husband. Jackson Seymour, in his twenty-fourth year, married Miss Martha Ann Dalton, a daughter of Isom Dalton, who is well remembered in the ear- ly settlement of this county ; from a small beginning Mr. S. went rapidly forward to a successful career ; he now owns some 521 acres a fine property, and where every thing is systematically and orderly arranged. The first marriage of Mr. S. was blessed with one child, dying in early infancy. In 1848 Mrs. Seymour died and was laid at rest in the Criswell cemetery. The follow- ing year Mr. Seymour was united in mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth Dalton, a sister of his first wife ; by this marriage six children: Isom, John W., Mary E., Millie A., Ed- ward F. and Julia K., all born in Morgan Co. SEYMOUR JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Franklin, second child of Richardson and Mary Ann Seymour. Ric.iardson was among the early residents of this county, a native of North Carolina ; he was among the first to seek a home in the West, becoming a cotemporary with the early settlers of Illinois, locating in Morgan Co., where all of his children were born. John, who heads this sketch, was born in 1845 ; his daily life the every-day life of the farmer ; when old enough he attended to the duties of the farm, attend- ing school during the winter season. At the youthful age of sixteen, when other boys were employed in the school room, possessed of the spirit of '76, he enlisted in 1862 in Co. H, xoist 111. Inf. for three years' service, remaining two years and ten months, engaged in battles : Resaca, Dal- las, Peachtree Creek, and many other smaller engagements. In June, 1864, he was honorably discharged at Camp Butler, Springfield, 111. Since the close of the war he has followed the occupation of a farmer. In his twentieth year he married Miss Frances Weatherford, a daughter of James H. and Mary Ann Weatherford, natives of Tennessee and North Carolina. Six chil- dren ; five living: Barton, born Feb. 17, 1867 ; Nancy E., born Nov., 1869 ; Moses, born Oct., 1871 ; Mary C., born Feb. 22, 1873, and an infant child. Mr. Seymour owns 126 acres of well improved land, and is one of Morgan Co.'s most enterprising citizens ; holds office of school director SEYMOUR J. P. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, T. 13, R. 9, P.O. Franklin. His father, Wm. Seymour, deceased, was a native of Person Co., North Carolina ; em- igrated to Illinois in the Spring of 1831, arriving in Morgan Co. with one horse and five dollars in money, and a family to support. He erected a small log cabin and cleared a few acres of land, but before he had made sufficient money to enter the land, a Mr. Huey " entered him out." He then entered eighty acres in Sec* 22, T. 13, R. 9, and owned at the time of his death 582 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. 319 acres. His second son, Samuel, was named as executor of his last will and tes- tament. J. P. Seymour was married to Miss Melissa McNeely, Nov. 27, 1851 ; six children, five of whom are still living : Ev- aline, who married Jacob Boyer ; Sarah M., Emma C., Charles O.', and Wallace E.; Mr- Seymour has adopted J. W. McNeely, his wife's nephew. He owns eighty acres of fine farming land, and is known, as are all the Seymours, for charity and benevolence; has been chosen supervisor and school di- rector a number of times, always giving satisfaction ; enlisted Aug. 12, 1862, in Co. H, lOist 111. Inf., as a private, following the fortunes of the regiment in all engage- ments and marches, and was mustered out on the i8th day of June,, 1865, after which he returned to Morgan Co. and entered on the duties of farming, which he has followed up to the present day Seymour John W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. ii. P.O. Franklin Seymour Morris, farmer, P.O. Franklin Seymour Richardson, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Franklin Seymour Robert, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Franklin Seymour Sarah Mrs. wid. Bird, Sec. 11, P.O. Franklin SEYMOUR SAMUEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec, g, P.O. Franklin. John Seymour, grandfather of Samuel, was born in Person Co., North Carolina, Oct. n, 1772; he married in his 2ist year Miss Agnes Pullan, by whom he had thirteen children, of whom the father of Samuel was the fifth child; he was born in North Carolina April i8th, 1802; he married in 1824. Miss Elizabeth Blackwell, a daughter of Samuel Blackwell; 1831 found the fam- ily en route for the west; they settled in Morgan Co. y Illinois, in what is known as Hart's Prairie; he became a successful farmer, and at the time of his decease, which occurred in 1872, he left an estate of 390 acres in one of the most fertile townships of Morgan. Mrs. S., a noble type of a pioneer wife, died in 1838. By this marriage five children: John P., Sam- uel, Abraham, William and Elizabeth. Samuel was born in Sullivan Co., Tennes- see, April 28th, 1831; receiving a liberal education for the times, at 23 he married Miss Catherine Rees, a daughter of John H. Rees. Children living: Wm. S., born in 1858; Catherine, born in 1863; Nancy E., 1867; Samuel B., 1872. Mr. S. owns 200 acres choice land and is a substantial citizen of this county. His first wife having died in 1842 he married Miss Delilah Rees; one child, Mary, deceased. Mrs. S. died in 1857; in 1860 he was united in mar- riage to Mrs. Nancy Rees. Seymour Wm., farmer and stock raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Franklin SMITH JOHN W. farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 9 and 10, P.O. Franklin; his father, John Smith, married Miss Hannah Wilson, in Scarborough, England, and em- igrated to America in 1848; from New Or- leans he made his way to Morgan Co. where he first rented land of James Ward; in 1851 Mr. Smith died and was laid at rest near St. Clair. At 18 the subject of this sketch entered the Whipple Academy, of Jacksonville. The following year he became a school teacher which he has suc- cessfully followed up to the present time in the winter season, working his farm in the summer, owning 115 acres. Sept. 21, 1876, he was married to Miss Ella Kep- linger, daughter of Samuel Keplinger; one child, Gracie, born April 14, 1878. Smith John T., renter, Sec. 33, P.O. Scott- ville, Macoupin Co. Smith Wm., renter, P.O. Franklin SPIRES JAMES S. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Franklin. The subject of this sketch was the fourth child of Wil- liam and Elsie Spires, natives of Ken- tucky, and there followed farming; about 1830, hearing of the many advantages of the west, Mr. S. determined to try the prai- ries of Illinois;-on arrival in the State he settled in what is now 13-9, on the farm now owned by W. T. Spires; like all set- tlers he commenced life with but little, but his wants were few and easily satisfied; living in his log cabin he worked hard for the necessaries of life; money was a rar- ity, goods being frequently obtained by barter. Some twelve years after his set- tlement the husband died leaving to the care of his wife twelve children : Wm. B., who died in California; John C., Sarah E., and James S., who married Martha H. Reed, a daughter of Martin Reed; by this TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 583 marriage, four children: James Wm., Francis M., Florence C., and Sarah M; Mr. S. owns 160 acres of land; a generous man of a kindly disposition, he is well thought of by all Spires Jas W., farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Franklin Spires James, farmer, P.O. Franklin SPIRES JOHX C. farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 17, P.O. Youngblood. Mr. S. was born in Morgan Co., November, 1830. The father of John was one of the first settlers in this county; we here append a short sketch of his life: He was born in Kentucky; there he followed farming, mar- rying in Kentucky Miss Elsie Smith. As near as can now be ascertained, he set out from the f amous State of " Old Kentuck," for the Far West, in 1826, accompanied by his wife and one child, William B., who, on attaining his majority, went to California, where he afterward died. The family, on arrival in Morgan Co., located on the prop- erty now owned by W. T. Spires. Erect- ing a cabin, the head of the family prepared to do battle with the stubborn prairie. Like nearly all emigrants, he first entered land; afterward he became enabled to buy. He died in 1845, and left an estate of 160 acres. His wife died in the Spring of the year 1841. He married again, but died shortly after, as before stated. The chil- dren thus le't, remained together several years. John C. was educated in district schools and, grew to manhood. In 1853, he concluded to follow the gold-hunters to the Pacific slope. In a good stout wagon, drawn by three yoke of oxen, he made the usual long trip, starting in March. He did not reach the coast until August of the same year. For seven years he roughed it in the mines of California, and then con- cluded to return to the scenes of his youth- ful days, and settled down to a quiet farm life January, 1861. He married Julia A. McCurley, a daughter of Ezekiel McCurley. By this marriage six children, five living: William F., Amanda J., Susan M., James A., and Nellie; Maggie (deceased). Mr. S., by the exercise of economy and judgment, owns 227 acres; a public-spirited man, lib- eral toward public improvements, he has the respect and confidence of the commu- nity in which he lives Spires S. S. farm hand, P.O. Franklin SPIRES W. T. Sr. farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 17, P.O. Youngblood. Was born in Lincoln Co., Ky., Dec. 26, 1822. John Spires, father of the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, moved from Ken- tucky, and landed in Morgan Co. Novem- ber, 1831, where he settled in Sec. 33, Town. 14, R. 9. Mr. Spires worked for his father through the summer, and at- tended subscription school in winter, until he was 21 years of age, when he concluded to farm for himself; accordingly, he mar- ried Margaret R., daughter of Martin and Sallie Reed. Mr. Spires lived on his fath- er's farm for three years then moved to a farm belonging to Martin Reed, situated in Youngblood Prairie. Here he lived three years, and finally purchased a small farm, which he paid for by working hard, not alone on his own land, but when the time could be spared from it, working for his neighbors at fifty cents per day, or splitting rails at forty-five cents per hundred. Mr. Spires now owns 433 acres of land He has been assisted no little in his struggle for a home by one of the best and most energetic wives in the county. Eleven chil- dren have blessed Mr. Spires' union with Miss Reed, ten of whom are still living: John, who married Miss MaryNeece; Wil- liam T., who married Maria Deere; Sarah M., who married Abraham Seymour; Mar- tha H.,who married James P. Story; Mary, who married I. Whitlock; Margaret, who married Marion Cline, now living in Ohio; Julia, who married Stephen A. D. Whit- lock; Emma, who married John C. Smith, of Greene Co.; and Marinda and Matilda, twins, born Feb. 14, 1865, who still live at home Stewart Brice, farn.er, Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly STURGIS JOHN, farmer and stock raiser. P.O. Franklin. The gentleman who heads this sketch was born in Morgan Co.. on the old homestead of his parents, in 1842. John and Nancy Sturgis were na- tives of North Carolina, and emigrated from there in an early day to Morgan Co.; settling in this township, they built a log cabin, still in existence, but removed from its original resting place; living here for many a year, where their meal for break- fast or dinner would be pounded in a mor- tar or else ground at a horse-mill, the old 584 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. folks are now comfortably situated in life, and reside in Waverly. The subject of this notice grew to manhood in Morgan Co., and received a common school education; in his twentieth year he married Miss Abigail Chambers, daughter of John and Nancy, old residents of this county, and na- tives of Virginia or North Carolina. Mr. Sturgis owns sixty acres in this township Svvaney William, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Young- blood ^THOMPSON WILLIAM, renter, P.O Waverly Turner William, renter, P.O. Franklin WANNORMAN JAMES, farm hand, P.O. Scottville VAN WINKLE JOHN H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2, T. 13, R. 9, P.O. Franklin, was born in Morgan Co. Aug. 8, 1844. His father, Ransom VanWinkle, was a native of Kentucky, emigrated to Illinois in an early day, and settled in Morgan Co., Sec. 3, T. 13, R. 9. In mov- ing from Kentucky to Illinois, Mr. Van- Winkle used oxen for his teams, and bring- ing a horse or two for riding animals, as the wagons did not afford room for all the goods and the family too. Two children were placed in baskets and strapped on a horse, looking like a peddler's pack-horse. John H. VanWinkle enlisted, at the age of eighteen, in Co. H. 32d 111. Vol., and par- ticipated in all the engagements, com- mencing at the siege of Vicksburg, and then the campaign from Vicksburg to Meridian, also Sherman's grand march from " Atlanta to the sea." After being mustered out, June 15, 1865, he returned to Morgan Co. In 1866, Oct. 18. married Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Rev. J. M. Gibson. Five children, four of whom are still living: George, Charles, Bertie and Helen. Mr. Van- Wi'nkle owns a small farm of sixty-one acres on which he now lives; he has been chosen school director two terms in succes- sion on account of his good judgment and known business qualifications \;\fEATHERFOm> JAMES H. deceased, a farmer in the bounds of Morgan Co. during life; was born in Mem- phis, Tenn., Feb. 16, 1820; two years later his parents moved to Morgan Co., and located on the property now owned by George Criswell ; for some time, until he re- raised a crop, he lived a camp life; no sooner was the crop gathered, however, than a log cabin reared its front on the prairie, and it is quite probable the family lived in this dwelling many a year. Mr. W. was a well educated man and possessed of great force of character, a prominent man; in his day he held numerous offices, and subsequently he became a colonel in the Mexican war; his oldest son, James, who heads this sketch, also went to the scene of warfare at the same time, in the capacity of first lieutenant; both father and son engaged in the battle of Buena Vista. After the war they were honorably discharged and returned to Morgan Co. where James died shortly after; his father removing to Texas, did not long survive him. Mrs. Weatherford, from whom this sketch is obtained, is now residing on her farm property, a lady of culture; she was born in North Carolina, Person Co., and married her husband in 1840; by this mar- riage three children, only one now living, Elizabeth, who* married John Seymour Wheeler Green, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Scoit- ville, Macoupin Co. Wheeler Henry, renter, Sec. 34, P.O. Scott- ville. Macoupin Co. White Andrew, renter, P.O. Waverly White Hiram, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly While Tampa Mrs. P.O. Waverly WILLIAMS BARNETT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O, Youngblood. The above affable gentleman was the sixth child of Reese and Nancy C. Williams, natives- of Virginia, who removed to Kentucky in an early day, settling in Shelby County, where Mrs. Williams passed off the stage of life, leaving to her husband's care nine children; Barnett was born in 1831; three years later the Williams family set out for Illinois, and first located in Sangamon County, Old Berlin, shortly after moving to Morgan County, where the old people lived many years, and where the subject of this sketch married Miss Lucinda Van Winkle, a daughter of Abner Van Winkle; by this union three children: Lillie B., born June 15, 1856; Mary E., born June 13, 1858; Adelia, born April 3, 1862; Mrs. Williams died Jan. n, 1863, and the fol- TOWN IB NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 585 lowing year Mr. W. united his fortunes to Miss Julia M. Pogue, who died Jan. 19, 1876; on the 22d of February, 1878, Mr. W. was married to Miss Ann Wilkinson, a daughter of John Wilkinson, who is well remembered by the early pioneers of this county; at the present time Mr. Williams resides on his farm property; a courteous gentleman, he has many friends WOOD JAS. W. farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Wood was born in Jacksonville, Aug. 2, 1840, second child of Wheatly and Elizabeth Wood; the father of James was a native of England, born near Sykehouse, July 22, 1798; the subject of this notice passed many years of his life on the homestead property, and received a moderate educa- tion, in a log cabin in the boundary of Macoupin County; in July, 1874, Mr. Wood was married to Nancy E. Hart, daughter of John and Martha Hart, who were among the first to settle in Illinois; two children blessed this union: Lewana, born May 29, 1875; Mary F.. born Feb. 17, 1877; Mr. Wood is the owner of 220 acres of land, that will compare favorably with any in the West WOOD JOHN" W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Waverly; third child of Wheatly and Elizabeth Wood, and was born in 1842; the head of the family, an Englishman by birth, crossed the ocean in 1838, coming direct to Morgan County, and settling in Jacksonville, and there married his wife, a native of Georgia, and whose maiden name was Lincoln; Wheatly Wood was for a number of years a farmer in Macoupin and Morgan Counties, and also became proprietor of a brick yard in Jack- sonville; he died in 1873, leaving an estate of 200 acres, acquired by great industry; there are four children living: Martha Ann, who married, first John H. Dennis, who departed this life, Mrs. Dennis afterward marrying Reuben Jones; Jas. W., who married Elizabeth Hart; Sarah, who mar- ried Jas. Arnold; and John W., who heads this sketch, married Miss Mary Hughes; by this marriage three children, two of whom are living, Eugene and Harriet; in 1862, when the loist Regiment was organ- ized, Mr. Wood became enrolled as a volunteer in Co. H, for three years' service, or during the war, and took an active part in numerous battles; on the close of the war he was honorably discharged, and re- turned to this county, where he has since resided; owns 67 acres Wood Mary D. Mrs. Sec. IQ, P.O. Waverly WOOTON ALFRED, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Franklin; parents of Alfred were John and Ann Wooton, natives of Hastings, Sussex, England; John the father, was a tailor by trade, who lived in very comfortable circumstances, and who gave his children the advantages of a good education; Alfred, possessed of energy and daring, at the early age of fourteen, ship- ped on board a merchant vessel, bound for Central America and the West Indies; for eight years he sailed the waters of the broad Atlantic; on leaving the vocation he had followed so many years, he proceeded to Canada, thence to England ; the year 1868 found him en route for America, on board the steamship Colorado; landing in New York, he from there made his way to Morgan County, where he first became em- ployed by the month, for Mrs. Jacob Strawn, there he formed the acquaintance and married Miss Ruth A. Wilburn, a daughter of John Wilburn, a native of Eng- land; three children, John, Albert, and Jacob S.; Mr. Wooton owns forty acres in township 13, range 9 WRIGHT THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Wright is the descendent of a numerous family, who have helped in a great measure toward the improvement and public inter- ests of this county; Thomas was the eighth child of Jas. and Frances Wright; of Jas. but little is known, he was born in Virginia, where he was overseer of a plantation; in Virginia he formed the acquaintance of Miss Frances Finney, they were married soon after the close of the Revolutionary war; in this struggle for the independence of the colonies, Jas. Wright shouldered the old flint-lock musket, one of the seventy-five chosen and known as the forlorn hope, he fought bravely at the storming of Stony Point, and endured many privations at Valley Forge; an intimate friend of Generals Washington and Lafay- ette, he served under their command, shar- ing the hardships of the soldiers; after the 586 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. close of the war he returned to Virginia, and in middle life moved to Kentucky, where the subject of this sketch was born, in the year 1806; in the beginning of 1829, his attention was attracted to the West, and accordingly in company with the old folks he made his way into Waverly precinct, this county; in 1834 he was married to Miss Jane D. Burch, daughter of Benjamin and Ann D. Burch, natives of Virginia; settled on the farm where he now lives; the place where he settled being heavily tim- bered, he realized the extremely difficult task it would be to fell the monarchsof the forest, and thereby get a sufficiency of land under cultivation; one trait in the char- acter of this family may here be noticed: of a kindly sympathetic nature, their thoughts often turned toward that Supreme Being from whom their prosperity emanated. Dur- ing the Black Hawk war of 1832, Mr. Wright was unanimously elected by the soldiers of his company second lieutenant, by Governor Reynolds he received his ap- pointment, serving seventy days, until the treaty of peace was declared. An intimate friend of Colonel Richard Johnson, whom he described as a thick set man, black-eyed, and rather fierce appearing, he inspired a feeling of awe among the Indians; but lit- tle more remains to be told; in time he be- came the owner of a nice property, what is somewhat remarkable; the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. W. was blessed with seven chil- dren, all of whom are living, Lydia Frances, who married John Groves, of Missouri; Jas. B., who married Lizzie Oyer; Mary E., who. married Robert Seymour; W. C., who married Miss Mary Minnick; Amanda L., who married Jonas Weather- ford; Sarah Jane, who married Wm. Al- bright, of Missouri; John W. S. unmarried; Thos. Wright owns 160 acres of land in this township; now well advanced in years he still possesses great energy and of a nature inclined to liberality WRIGHT WM. farmer and stock rais- er, Sec. 12, P.O. Franklin, the subject of this sketch, was the youngest of a family of twelve children. His father, James Wright, was born in Virginia, and served seven years as a soldier in the war of the revolution ; married Miss Frances Finnic, of Virginia. As early as 1800 the family made their way over the Cumberland moun- tains to Scott Co., Ky., where William was born, June 5, 1808. In 1829, when but few emigrant trains could be seen taking up their line of march westward, James Wright sought the fertile prairies of Illi- nois, settling on the farm property now owned by William. Building a cabin, he set about the difficult task of subduing the stubborn prairie. In Morgan Co. the old people passed the remainder of their days- At twenty-three William married Miss El- la Burch, a daughter of Benjamin Burch. When the Black Hawk war broke out, Mr. Wright became an active participant until the treaty was declared. Understanding fully the duties of farming, in a few years he owned large tracts of land in Macoupin and Morgan Counties. Like many another ambitious man, his pathway was bese% with difficulties ; at seventy years he owns some fifty-seven acres, but is content, and still works with unabated energy. This union was blessed with thirteen children James B., born Dec. 4, 1831, died Oct. 4, 1832; Amanda J., bom Sept. n, 1833 ; John C.; born April 20, 1836; Margaret A., March 3, 1838; Melvina F., .March 15, 1840, Mary E., March 4, 1842 ; George W. S., Jan. i, 1844 ; Eliza A., Jan. 10, 1846 ; New- ton C , Nov. 4, 1847 ; Edwin R. and Edgar B., twins, Dec. 2, 1849 ; Charles M., Feb. 22, 1852 ; Henry A., April 7, 1854 TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 1O WEST. A LBRIDGE WILLIAM, merchant, Mur- "^^ rayville Alexander Mrs. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Mur- rayville Anderson John, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Mur- ray ville TDARBER JOHN, farmer. Sec. 27 P.O. Murrayville Baxter Tames, farmer. Sec. 12, P.O. Murray- ville Beadles J. B. merchant, Murrayville Beadles T. G. merchant, Murrayville Blakeman Wm. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Murray- ville Blakeman - , farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Mur- rayville Boruff Daniel, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Murray- ville Bracewill John, retired, Sec. 7, P.O. Murray- ville Brisendine Green B. carp. Murrayville Brisendine P. S. carp. Murrayville Bull Madison, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Murray- ville Burnett Joseph, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Mur- rayville Butt James, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Murrayville Butts J. W. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Murray- ville /^ D. Merchant, Murrayville CALKINS FRANK E. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Woodson, son of Lyman and Rhody Calkins ; father a native of Wheatland Co., N. Y.; mother, of Oakland Co., Mich. The subject of this sketch was born Dec. 3, 1855, in Oakland Co., Mich.; his early education commenced at a very remote period of his juvenile years, from the knee of a New England school maam, Miss Ellen Cook, in the district schools ; at the age of seventeen years he finished his course of studies at Milford Union High School, Milford, Mich., and immediately thereafter left his native State to visit the scene of the great conflagration Chicago ; this was in 1872 ; while in the city of the " Baptism of Fire," Frank enjoyed the hos- pitality of his Uncle Aaron Phelps, a wealthy dairyman of the " Lake City," and in February, 1873, moved and cast his for- tunes with our people, by going into hard work on the farm of W. P. Craig. In 1876 was united in wedlock to Miss Sarah E. Smith, daughter of W. T. and Lucinda Smith, natives of Tennessee, on Feb. 22, R. W. Allen, of Unity Pres. Church tieing the indissoluble knot ; has had by this union, Emma H. born Jan. 25, 1877. These good parents are zealous Christians, their lives being for many years identified with " Unity Presbyterian Church; is a good farmer, a courteous gentleman, and univer- sally respected CANHAM SHADE (deceased), son of John and Phebe Canham, natives of near Som, Cambridgeshire, England, was born April 3, 1837, at the above place ; emi- grated to the new world in company with his mother, and ten other children, in 1855, and at once joined the father and husband on the farm of William Richardson, west of Jacksonville, and shortly after set int work on the farm of J. R. Megginson, south of Jacksonville, and worked there nearly five years ; was married to Miss Mary E. Pierson, daughter of Benjamin and Betsy Pierson, on Aug. 25, 1858 ; there were born to this union : Benjamin T. born May 14, 1860 ; Phebe B. Dec. 30, 1861 ; Henry J. B. Nov. 22, 1863, died March 22, 1864 ; Sarah Alice, April 14, 1865; William T. Aug. 30, 1867; Job Shade, Sept. 18, 1869 ; Charles E. Nov. 6, 1873 ; George L. April 24, 1877. After marriage, rented a farm of Sam Killam, then on the Colonel Dunlap farm at three different periods, thence to the Charles Rawlings farm ; stayed there one year, moved then to the city, and followed the life of a bussman. Subsequently moved to Sangamon Co. and rented a farm for five years, and on the expiration of the term returned to Morgan Co., settling on the 588 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Joel Mitchell farm in Sec. 30, thence to the Sanford farm in 1877, where the fell de- stroyer consumption, called him to the Spirit world Sept. 5, 1877. The relict of Mr. Canham, with the heavy responsibility of caring for seven orphan children, meets her fate with Christian resignation, and puts her trust in that God that " tempers the winds to the shorn lamb." Cartismere Joseph, Murrayville COVINGTO1V MARY A. wid. Ben- jamin H., farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Murray- ville, born 26th July, 1831, in Somerset- shire, England, daughter of Edward and Anne Mason, natives of the above place. Her father was by trade a brick mason. In the early years of her girlhood commenced to lay the foundation of a sound education from the knee of Miss Anne Jordan, a preacheress, at the immature age of five years ; was carried to school by her parents and teacher. At the age of eighteen years she finished her education at the Albert High School, Concord, this county. The noted Brigham Young was at that time a classmate ; subsequently entered the strug- gle of life as a school teacher. On March n, 1852, was married to Benjamin Henderson Covington, by. Rev. Clark, Presbyterian minister ; has had by this marriage eight children: William T. born Dec. 12, 1852; Elizabeth E. Nov. 15, 1854 ; Elvus E. March n, 1856; Jesse J. Jan. 17, 1858; Hannah A. Dec. 25, 1859; Charlie, Jan. 7, 1861 ; Kate A. June 24, 1862 ; Tve N. March 9, 1867. William T., Elizabeth E. and Charlie, have long since put on im- mortality, and are shining angels on the other shore ; but the death of her children did not fill her cup of tribulation, until the sad demise of her husband, which occurred May 15, 1865. Since that sad epoch in her history, she has, like a noble women, met with fortitude the responsibilities of farmer and business manager ; owns a neat farm of eighty-eight acres, worth $5,000 Crouse Andrew, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Mur- rayville Crouse George, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Mur- rayville Crouse James, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Murray- ville Crouse Thomas G. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Murrayville Crowley Michael, farm hand, Sec. 3, P.O. Murrayville Cunningham Alexander, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville TRAVIS WILLIAM, carp. Murrayville ^^^ Day Richard, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Murrayville DAY SAMUEL V. farmer and renter, Sec. 33, P.O. Manchester, Scott Co., son of James D. and Marguerette Day, natives of Virginia, was born Dec. 13, 1856, in Scott Co., this State, and moved wilh his parents to Sec. 32, in 1861. At the age of six years he first viewed the abode of learning the district school; having gained a good common school education, ceased his inter- course with books at the age of nineteen years to bestow his young affections on the idol of his life, and was joined in wed- lock to Miss Eliza A. Waters, daughter of Charles Waters, the ceremony 'aking place Dec. 2, 1877, the Rev. M. C. Davenport, of the M. E. Church, officiated. Mr. Day is a young farmer of sterling worth, with a bright future before him Duncan William H. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Murrayville TANNING ABRAHAM, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Murrayville Fanning Cyrus, miller, Sec. 7, P.O. Murray- ville Fanning Ephraim, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Mur- rayville FANXIXG JAMES, Sr. farmer and -lock raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Youngblood. Nothing has proved so perplexing to the reader of American history, as a want in the chronology of the descent of her peo- ple, and it is our mission, as a faithful bi- ographer, to fill this void with a part of the history of her people in this local work. The family of which we write are of the purest Milesian descent, being of the race of I R. of the Hermonian line, and settled in Ireland more than 2,000 years ago. Joseph Fanning, grandfather of James, was born in Virginia. His parents' history is so obscure that it would be idle to go back any further in the line of descent here in America ; was by trade a blacksmith, moved at an early day to Tennessee, final- ly settling in Morgan Co. in 1825 ; after a TOWN 18 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 589 few years residence, having improved what is now the Henry Rawling estate, sold out and moved with his family, (viz : John, Robert, George, Joseph, Abraham, Jacob, Delila, Mary, Sampson, David, Andrew, (first wife's children); of the second, were: Nathan, William, Archibald, Louise, and one other girl, name not known,) to Ar- kansas. The father of Mr. Fanning was born in Wirth Co., Va., and moved with his father to Tennessee, about the year 1820, in company with his brothers, George and Joseph ; moved in a covered wagon over the wild and barren waste of prairie, settling in Madison Co., this State ; thence moved with his brother, and settled on " Indian Creek," Morgan Co.; lived there a short time, and returned to Giles Co.,Tenn.; was married to Miss Nancy Galloway ; the children to this union were : Martha C., Joseph, Mary, Ruth, Abraham, James, John, Sarah, Barbara Anne, and Sampson. After marriage, remained in Tennessee a few years, then moved with his family, in a one-horse, two-wheel cart ; a yoke of oxen did the pulling ; one of those faithful beasts was almost useless, as it was lame from a bad knee, when he landed on Ha' t's prairie; his whole capital would not foot up one dollar, but, had a bright intel- lect and an indomitable will, that helped him win his way through the harassing days of the early settlement of the then new State on the confines of civilization ; improved a farm now owned by John Spires ; next located on a farm fourteen miles south of Jacksonville ; sold out, bought 150 acres in Sec. 1 8, a log house soon loomed up, that was afterward the hospitable stopping place for the care-worn preacher, and belated hunter ; lived there continuously, except one year and six months ; died Oct. 20, 1859, aged 62 years. His honored relict still lives to recount many incidents of the age of prairie wolves, and lives with her children. Mr. Fanning, during his lifetime, was a blacksmith, had not a word of learning, owned more than 1,500 acres of land, and gave to each child a quarter section of land at their marriage. The subject of this biography was born Nov. 18, 1829, in Morgan Co.; during youth was a very active scholar, attending the subscription schools six months out of Y each year, until he was eighteen years old, and when the weather was too wet to go to school, helped his father in the forge ; was married Aug. 8, 1850, to Miss Mary Anne Hill, daughter of Richard and Frances Hill, by 'Squire George Wright. They have had fourteen children : George W., John R., Mary J., Sarah A., Nancy M., Lucinda C., Robert Lee, James W., Isaac S. and Ida L. (twins), Margaret M., Cynthia A., Clarinda F. and Charles E. Of this large family Mary J., Isaac S. and Ida L. died when very young ; John R. Was killed while attending at a sorghum mill. Mr. Fanning is a devoted Democrat, and repre- sents his people at the county conventions; has been a school director, and supervisor of roads , is a mighty hunter, even as "Nimrod before the Lord," and in conjunc- tion with Dan Vertrees and Rike Rimbey, have killed, since 1865, more than fifty wolves ; at one time killed so many that there was not money enough in Greene Co. to pay up ; and is universally liked by all shades of opinion FANNING SAMPSON (deceased),far- mer, Sec. 8; son of Joseph Fanning, native of Virginia ; moved many years ago to the State of Tennessee. The geneaology of this old pioneer family points with satisfac- tion to the chivalrous Celtic race of Ire- land, the grandsires emigrating to the Western hemisphere when the country was under the control of British rule. During the American Revolution, the father of our subject often gave news to the Colonial army under Washington, of the where- abouts of the skulking lories. The family was very large. In 1821, Sampson Fan- ning moved, with his brothers, in a covered wagon, and by the regular overland route ; settling on a tract of land in Madison Co., and soon erected the pioneer's palatial domicile a hewn log house and in 1823, moved to Morgan Co , settling in T. 14, R. 9. He left home without his fath- er's consent ; he was then living in Ala- bama, and was only fifteen years old. Mr. Fanning was born in Virginia, about the year 1808, and followed the fortunes of his father's life to the date of his marriage. The first present offered him was a hatchet. His education was neglected, hence he was not gifted with the knowledge of books, 590 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTOEY. but had in lieu, a bright, well balanced brain-power, that made him equal to the emergency of after events. For many years he employed his life and energies in working on the farm, as a farm hand, until 1825, when his father and the balance of the family moved from the " Sunny South " and cast their lot with the few inhabitants scattered over the wild and sparsely settled prairies of Illinois. The father, Joseph Fanning, settled on a tract of land in T. 13, now well known as " Fanning's Point." The worthy deceased of whom we write, was married to Miss Althea Criswell ; they have had eleven children : their first child was a daughter, who died in infancy ; George W., Patience C., Anna, William F., Mary E., Matilda J., Margaret R., An- drew J., Sarah A., and Caroline of these children, George married Miss Whitlock; Anna, George Criswell ; W. F., Miss Nan- cy Morland ; Margaret, Charles Reaugh ; Patience C., Thomas Severe ; Matilda, George W. Spencer, and Mary, Uriah Phillips. After marriage settled on Sec. 8, on " Pepper Hill," and for nearly forty years followed the pursuits of an hoi.est farmer, and died in 1875 ; his wife' sur- vives him, to relate the incidents of their wedded life in the log cabin. During the war, George W. enlisted in Co. F, loist Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was, on muster into the service, elected Captain ; the regiment having been or- dered to the " seat of war," this noble Morgan County legion proceded with dis- patch to the Sunny South, and ere the boys had forgotten home and fireside, or were inured to war's alarms, eight compa- nies were captured at Holly Springs, Mis- sissippi. Prior to this reverse, Captain Fanning had contracted the plague of the army, chronic diarrhoea, which disease in- capacitated him for duty. He was honor- ably discharged from the service. In the Spring of 1863, he entered the mercantile business in Murrayville, having a large in- terest in a flouring mill; he continued in this business until 1867, when he was elected treasurer and assessor of Morgan County ; on the expiration of his first term he was re-elected by a handsome majority ; in 1872 connected his interests with Mr. Paradice, and bought the Sentinel, and for many years, by his sagacious judgment did much to build up the shattered for- tunes of the Democratic party. Captain Fanning is universally beloved by all par- ties, creeds, and conditions, being a liberal thinker, and an urbane gentleman, who respects the wishes of high and low alike. Fanning James, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Mur- rayville Fanning James T. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Mur- rayville Fanning John R. renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Mur- rayville Fanning Joseph, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Mur- rayville Fanning J. K. Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville Fanning W. F. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Murray- ville Fisher James N. renter. Sec. 6, P.O. Murray- ville Fisher J. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Murrayville Ford John, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Murrayville S~* ALLOWAY JORDAN, farmer, Sec. 6, ^- J P.O. Murrayville Gu.nn A. J. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Murrayville Gunn Bergen, renter, Sec. 26, P.O. Murray- ville GUNN JESSE C. farmer and stock rais- er, Sec. 29, P.O. Murrayville, son of James and Hursley Gunn, natives of South Carolina and Virginia, being descendants of the old stock of F.F.V.'s. The father of our subject settled in Jacksonville in June, 1830, a period anterior to the " deep snow." Jesse was at this time a young lad of much promise, and with the aid of his brothers Aleck, William, and Abasha, erected on Sec. 29, a pioneer's palace a log cabin and like the early pioneers, pressed on, braving the trials and vicissi- tudes of a young frontiersman's life. Jesse was born in Dixon Co., Tenn., July 15, 1825, and when he was in his fifth year, traveled on foot for four weeks, a feat that the boy of to-day would not venture. At the age of twenty-two, married Miss Mary A. Fisher, daughter of Peter and Nancy Fisher ; the nuptials were celebrated 5th of August, 1847, by 'Squire George Wright. There were born to this union, Mary J., October 15, 1848, died October 5, 1851; Nancy U., November 10, 1849. The sad death of Mrs. G. occurred October 7, TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 591 1851 ; having lived a season of sorrow, married again March 30, 1852, to Miss Hannah I. Reaugh, daughter of Charles and Elizabeth Reaugh ; the ceremony was performed by Rev. Thomas Spellman, of the Presbyterian Church ; has had by this marriage, Elizabeth J., born April 2, 1853 ; Charles W., April 28, 1854; James A., February 20, 1856 ; William A., April 20, 1857, died Octobei 16, 1857; John W., May 8, 1858 ; Margaret E., March 9, 1861 ; Mary J., May 26, 1862, died August 8, 1862, and Benjamin J. C., February 14, 1865. During the conflict of the Rebel- lion, he, loving his country better than home or fireside, enlisted March 6, 1865, in Co. E, $Sth Regiment Illinois Volunteer In- fantry, and followed the fortunes of that veteran organization until the culmination of the civil conflict ; was mustered out of service March 5, 1866, at Montgomery, Ala., since which time has devoted his time to the improvement of his neat far i 1 ; is a good citizen, a faithful Christian, hav ing identified his life with the M. E. Church, at the young age of about seven years ; owns property worth $10,000. Gunn John T., farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Murray- ville TT ALEY RICHARD, farmer, Sec. 13, P. O. Murray ville Haley Richard N. farm hand, Sec. 15, P.O. Murrayville Hawks J. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville Hennessy James, farm hand, Sec. 3, P.O. Murrayville Henry Charles, renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Murray- ville Henry C. C. farmer. Sec. I, P.tX Murray- ville Henry Elijah, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Murray- ville Henry William T. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Mur- rayville Henry W. D. merchant, Sec. 7, P.O. Murray- ville HESS WILLIAM H. farmer, P.O. Murrayville, son of James and Sarah Hess, lineal descendent of the great re/ormer, was born in Pittsfield, this State, April 13, 1852 ; at the age of nine years commenced the development of his young intellect at the district school ; at the end of three years study, his life as a student ceased. This little " Sucker " being cast on the waters of a friendless world, his young heart did not quail, but with a determination to fight the battle of life with a determination to con- quer. Sought and married Miss Mary E. J. Gray, on the 2d January, 1873, the Rev. Geo. W. Clark officiating; had by this union, William H. S., born October 21, 1873, Sarah B., born August 3Oth, 1875, died October 4, 1875 ; by the death of his first love, his life was clouded, which sad event occurred June 3, 1876; was married again April 2, 1877, to Miss Sarah A. Cas- tleberry, daughter of Paul and Mary P. Cas- tleberry; the Rev. W. Riggs officiated; has had by this union, Mary A., born Jan- uary 20, 1878. These good parents are zealous Christians, and are members of the Baptist Church Hobaker David, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Murray- ville Hooley Richard, farm hand, Sec. 3, P.O. Murrayville Hopper Mrs. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Mur- rayville Howerton Wyatt, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Mur- rayville HUGHES ALLEN B. retired farmer. Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville, was born near Jacksonville, 111., Jan. 30, 1832. Mr. Hughes is the oldest son of John A. Hughes and Elizabeth Webb, who was born and raised in White Co. Southern Illinois. The father of Allen B. emigrated to Clermont Co., Ohio ; after a residence of nine years in Ohio removed with his wife and four children to White Co. 111.; this was in 1821, at an epoch in the State's history when it required an iron constitution and an in- domitable will to surmount the harrassing life incident to the early settlement of the Prairie State. Mr. Hughes moved to Sec- tion Sixteen (now Jacksonville) and rented a farm for two years; his capital would not amount to $25, but had in lieu of money a bright intellect and an energy that made troubles sink into dark obscurity. There was at the time we write of but one cabin in the little frontier town Jackson- ville owned by " old man " Rearick, which cabin was utilized as home and store-room. Mr. Hughes has now in his possession a buckskin pocket book that is more than 592 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. half a century old, and is a relic of the long ago. Moved south of Jacksonville and bought 160 acres of land, and the boys soon had a hewn log cabin constructed, and the family were now happy. " Johnnie cake," baked on clapboards, was the bill of fare ; truly those were strange and stormy days. The family of Mr. Hughes were contemporary settlers with the Rear- icks, 'Squire Holliday, and Point Brown. " Old Daddy " Hale was the regular cir- cuit rider, and it was at Mr. Hughes' house the people met to hear the preaching ; this routine of church continued for fifteen years, when a log house was constructed, which was utilized for church and school purposes; the benches were of slabs with pins for legs ; it was in this rude college that Allen studied Webster's First Reader. " Uncle" Johnnie Hughes was on April 1 7th, last past, 75 years old, and hale and hearty. Allen B., the gentleman of this sketch, was married Oct. 27, 1853, to Miss Eveline M., daughter of James and Nancy Ash, by Rev. Caleb Baldwin, of the M. E. Church. Two children were born to this union : Sarah Ann and Mary Louise (twins), born Feb. 15, 1856; Sarah A. died Aug. 1856. Mary L. married Robert E. Rim- berg, and they are living on the old home- stead in Sec. 8. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes are old members of the M. E. Church Hull Daniel, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Murray- ville Hull Thomas L. fanner, Sec. 34, P.O. Mur- rayville TT'AHLE ADAM, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Murrayville Kahl Andrew, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Murray- ville Keemer E. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Murrayville Kehle Adam, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Murray- ville KELLEHER WILLIAM J. farm hand. Sec. 10, P.O. Woodson. The subject of this sketch was born in the Empire State, March 17, 1856, and came with his parents to Naples, this State, during the years of infancy, and, whilst here, his sister, Mary Jane was born May 16, 1862. The history of the parents of these two orphans is in deep obscurity, the only thing known of them is, that they emigrated from Ireland about the year of the " famine," 1847. Mary Jane was adopted by the Sisters of Mercy at St. Louis, Mo., and William J. was adopted by a farmer named Walsh. William having attained his majority, has struck out man- fully to win his way to a freeman's inde- pendence, and Nancy Jane was married a few years ago to a young farmer, and she is now Mrs. Jennie Clerihan, with a beauti- ful child, Stella, to cheer and make glad the young mother's heart Kennedy William, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Mur- rayville Kensler Samuel, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Mur- rayville Knolly John, retired farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville T UMSDEN WILLIAM G. retired farmer, Sec. 17. P.O. Murrayville, The genealogy of the Lumsden family is of the purest Anglo-Saxon, the ancestry coming from the mother country at a period coeval with the settlement of the State of Virginia. The parents of Mr. Lumsden were born in Virginia, and in 1818 moved to the then frontier State of Kentucky, and his business was that of a brick mason. After settling at their new home he gave up the trowel to engage in farming. The demise of Mr. Lumsden is somewhat obscure, but thought to be in 1824 ; the mother survived her husband, and died in 1856. The subject of this biography not relishing the odium of being " a hewer of wood and a drawer of water," in the State of human slavery, conceived the idea of going to the land of the setting sun, and, in company with Eli- jah Hollens, packed their household goods in a covered wagon, making the trip over- land, enjoying in their journey the sport of killing all kinds of game; on his arrival he found that he was able to count and foot up his whole capital to $20 ; owned two work nags and a sucking colt ; rented a piece of land for two years, then bought a small tract in Sec. 7 ; improved it; sold it, and rented for four years ; about the year 1840 purchased three parcels of land of Van Eaton} viz : 40, 80 and 20 acres, the deeds were executed in 1842, all laying in Sec. 17, where he now resides. At the time of settling on their presen t home the residence had none of the civilized pretensions of to- TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 593 day ; the house was a double log with a clap- board roof. He was married Sept. I, 1831, to Miss Lucy Keeling, daughter of Ed- mund and Nancy Keeling, natives of Vir- ginia, then residing in Kentucky. They have been blessed with nine children, all living : Susan E., born June 18, 1832; James W., Feb. 20, 1835 ; Martha A., July 19, 1836 ; Francis Marion, Dec. 10, 1837; John T., April 16, 1839; Mary J., Nov. 21, 1840; Edmund W., June 14, 1842 ; Nancy Fran- ces, Sept. 28, 1843; Lucy Angeline, Oct. 26, 1846. Susan married John Bracewell, and lives in Iowa ; James married Mary S. Bradley, and lives in Morgan, and owns real estate in Macoupin Co.; Martha mar- ried Thomas Widdup, and lives in Iowa ; Marion married Rebecca A. Wyatt, and lives on the old homestead ; John married Elizabeth Ayre, and lives in Champaign Co.; Edmund married Parthenia Ayre, and lives at Moftticello, and does a good business in the butcher trade ; Nancy F. married Howarth Ayre, and resides in England ; L. Angeline married Nicholas T. Watson, whose death occurred recently near Oswego, Kas., and his devoted widow lives with her parents. Mr. Lumsden was born Sept. 23, 1806, and Mrs. Lumsden Oct. n, 1803. Mr. L. has lived through the conflicts of a pioneer life; is well respected by all. John enlisted in Co. G, First Mo. Cav., in 1861, and followed the fortunes of that veteran command, participating in the death strug- gle at Pea Ridge, Ark., and in many other engagements ; was discharged at Helena, Ark., in 1864 ALONEY PATRICK, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Murrayville Manus Sallie Mrs. Murrayville Mason George, farm hand, Sec. 10, P.O. Mur- rayville McCaslin John, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Murray- ville McDonald William, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville McEvers C. N. merchant, Murrayville Meader M. E. Mrs. Murrayville Million Charles A. renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Mur- rayville Million Elijah F. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Mur- rayville Million James W. renter, Sec. 19, P.O. Mur- rayville Mitchell Joel, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Murray- ville Mondonsa Manuel, tie maker, Sec. 13, P.O. Murrayville Mortemer Richard, farm hand, Sec. 10, P.O. Murrayville Mundy Reuben E. renter, Sec. 30, P.O. Mur- rayville Murray John, butcher, Murrayville Murray W. S. & S. F. merchants, Murray- ville Mutch - , farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Murrayville Myers Jacob, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Murray- ville Myers Michael, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Mur- rayville 1\T 1C HOLS GEORGE W. farmer. Sec. 7, ^ P.O. Murrayville Norris John S. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Murray- ville THOMAS, farmer ^^ and renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Murrayville. The genealogy of Mr. O'Connell's ancestry may be traced back to the posterity of Eogan Mor, eldest son of Oilliol, of the line of Heber, whose ancient patrimony lay in the territory of the County Limerick, Ireland, and more recently to be found represented in the County of Kerry, the home of the deceased Daniel O'Connell, the prince of orators. Mr. O'Connell was born in West- chester Co., N. Y., Dec. 25, 1849, an d is the son of James and Anne O'Connell. natives of New York State. Attended the district school until he was twelve years old ; at this age learned the trade of a hat- ter. and continued that business for five years. He cast his lot with the people of Morgan Co. April 13, 1867, working as a farm hand; was married March 14, 1872, to Miss Ellen Stowell, daughter of Acscel and Mary Stowell, by Rev. B. B. Hamil- ton, at Whitehall, Greene Co.; have had two children : Annie, born Dec. 12, 1872 ; Mary, born Dec. 12, 1876; thus a double birthday occurs each year, a thing rarely met with in the record of births in the same family. Mr. O'Connell is an indus- trious gentleman, Is neither narrow-minded nor illiberal, and is ever ready to aid all literary enterprises 594 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Osborn James C. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O Mur- rayville Owens Munroe, renter, Sec. 28, P.O. Murray- ville OARKER HENRY, bootmaker, Murray- ville T3 ANNELL CYNTHIA MRS. farmer, ** Sec. 10, P.O. Murrayville Ravelan Alvin, renter, Sec. 22, P.O. Murray- ville Ray Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Murray- ville Ray James, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Murrayville REA BEXJAMIN, farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 5, P.O. Murrayville. The an- nals of Ireland contain no more princely name than that which stands at the head of this history. Samuel Rea, grandfather of Mr. Rea, was a native of the province of Ulster, Ireland ; at his death resided in the County Longford, Ireland; lived more than man's allotted time, and died very old. Adam Rea, father of our subject, was a native of the County Longford ; in his youth served in the Irish militia force ; was at the battle of Ballin-a-Muck ; was mar- ried to Miss Jane Guy, daughter of Mr. Frank Guy; the children to this union were Ellen, Frances, and Samuel. The sable cloak of death took the wife and mother to a better land about the year 1815. He married again, about the year 1816, to Miss Elizabeth Caldwell, daughter of James Caldwell ; the fruits of this union were : Benjamin, died in infancy ; Mary, Benjamin, Jane, James, and Eliza. Of these, Mary married James Caldwell, Eliza married Robert Caldweil. In the Winter of 1849, Mr. Rea, with his wife, daughter Jane, and two sons James and Samuel, left their lovely Isle of the Sea to cast their fortunes with the people of the Western hemisphere ; landed at New Orleans, and came by boat to Cairo, this State ; when the little family of emigrants reached Cairo, the little river town was a prey to cholera. A few days sufficed to have their names recorded among the victims to this terrible epidemic ; the husband and wife died at the same moment, and were, by request, both deposited in the same casket. A fel- low attache of the family, John Daley, sur- vived to carry tidings of the sad story of their death. The gentleman whose name heads this sketch, was born in County Ros- common, Ireland, July 9, 1819, and worked for twenty-nine years steadily on his fath- er's farm ; was married June 8, 1848, to Miss Jane m Cuttle, daugher of Mr. John Cuttle ; there were born to this marriage, Mary J., born Sept. 17, 1849, died March 13, 1850; James A., born Jan. 6, 1851; Benjamin C., born July 20, 1853; Eliza J., born Oct. 27, 1855 ; John T., born Aug. 20, 1858, died in infancy ; John W., born March 17, 1860; Thomas E., born June 20, 1863. On the 28th of June, 1848, left his native land to be a freeman in the land of Columbus ; landed at New Orleans Aug 18, 1848; the trip to Illinois was made by boat, landing at Beardstown, thence by wagon to Springfield. Sept. 21, 1849, moved to Jacksonville ; lived there five years ; thence to Greasy Prairie, and became an agriculturist by purchasing 170 acres of land from Smith Bellows, and others ; afier doing much hard work making improve- ments, sold out ; in 1864 bought the eld Jimmy Nelson farm of 260 acres, near Murrayville ; here he had to do much work in renovating the old dilapidated build- ings, relics of fogyism ; having accumulated enough funds, purchased of George Feath- erkile 80 acres more of land. Mr. Rea re- placed the old log cabin with a large, com- modious dwelling, which improvement has "greatly enhanced the appearance of his large farm ; here the homestead is located, and occupied by the family. Mr. Rea's whole capital, when he landed in Springfield, was twenty-five cents ! Reader, copy his life and learn of his ways, and be prosperous. Mr. Rea is a steadfast Republican, a rare thing in the Irish race. Mr. and Mrs. Rea are zealous members of the Methodist Church. The longevity of Mrs. Rea's fam- ily is such that we cheerfully record it ; her great-grandmother died at the age of in years, and her grandmother lived to be 103 years old Reaugh Charles, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Mur- rayville. Reaugh Phebe, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville Rimbey Charles E. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Murrayville Rimbey Jacob, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Murray ville TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 595 RIMBEY MARY A. MRS. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Murrayville, widow of Em- manuel Rimbey, son of Uriah and Mary Rimbey, natives of Carroll Co.. Md., who moved and settled here in 1827. Mrs. R. is the daughter of John and Nancy Ver- trees, natives of Pennsylvania, and were contemporary settlers with the Gunns, Wrights, and Storys, which is proof suffi- cient of their being the hardy emigrants whose names shall ever adorn the scroll of fame, as the men and women whose heroic endurance and fortitude done so much to build up the great Northwest. Mrs. R. was born in Hardin Co., Ky., Jan. 22, 1824 ; in her fifth year, moved with her parents to near Winchester (then Morgan,) and in a few years thereafter moved to Morgan ; at the early age of six, went to the pay school in the old log school ; her first instructor was Mr. Pemberton ; one day in company with her mother, going to hear a circuit preacher preach, a formida- ble grizzly stood in their pathway, but her courage did not fail her, and with swift strides soon carried the news to her father, who soon brought in bruin's inanimate carcass to attest the credibility of killing the last bear. On Oct. 19, 1844, was united in marriage to Emmanuel Rimbey, by " Old Dad " Redmond, a local preacher of the Baptist Church. The fruits of this union are : Charles H.'born Aug. 28, 1845; Margaret, Jan. 20, 1848 ; U. Hardin, May 24, 1850; M. Ellen, Nov. 20, 1852; Mar- tha L. June 3, 1855 ; S. Mahala, Dec. 24, 1857; Jesse H. Dec. 20, 1860 ; Thomas J. April 14, 1863 ; George W. Nov. 28, 1865; Norah, Oct. 8, 1870, died Dec. 4, 1871. The sad demise of Mr. R. occurred Aug. 14, 1871, since which sad event she has bravely met the grave responsibilities of the business of the farm. The following children are married : Margaret to H. D. Radley, Jan. 2, 1861 ; Charles H. to Cyn- thia A. Smith, March2o, 1872 ; Martha L. to James L. Sink, Oct. 15, 1874; U. Har- din is a successful telegraph operator. Own eighty acres, worth $7,000 Rimbey Uriah, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Murray- ville Roberts George, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Mur- rayville Robinson John C. renter, Sec. 28, P.O. Mur- rayville Robinson W. P. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Mur- rayville Rodgers Nicholas, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Mur- rayville ROSE WTLLIAM, farmer and super- intendent, P.O. Murrayville, was born in Dalton, Lancashire, England, Dec. 2, 1836; parents names were John Rose and Eliza- beth Riley. During the early years of boyhood, received a good education at a " Free Grammar " School in his district, but his parents being of moderate means, was a bar to his further progress in the higher branches of education, having to lend a helping hand to the wants of his father's business. In 1859, left his native land to cast his fortunes with the people of the new world, landing first in Canada, and it was there he married Miss Elizabeth Thompson, on Dec. 25, 1861, at Harring- ton ; has had by this union : John, born Jan. 12, 1863 ; Robert, born Nov. 23, 1864; William, born Oct. 7, 1865 ; Elizabeth E. born Nov. 15, 1867 ; Christina, born Jan. 19, 1870; Mary, born Nov. 13, 1872 ; Mar- garet, born Feb. 23, 1875, and Kate, born Jan. 19, 1878. Of this large family all are living. Tn 1869, by the solicitation of his employer, Mr. Andrew Russel, lumber mer- chant, Jacksonville, moved here, and at once assumed the responsibilities of the " Russel estate," which position he still holds, with profit to his master, and honor to himself. Rousey Francis, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Mur- rayville CAMPLES JOHN A. farm hand, Sec. 25, Murrayville Seavere Thomas, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Mur- rayville SHARP JONATHAN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Scottsville. There is perhaps but few names in the an- nals of American history of greater excel- lence, than the gentleman's name at the head of this life sketch. George Sharp, grandfather of our patron, settled in Penn- sylvania at a period anterior to our dis- memberment with the mother country England ; being imbued with a love for 596 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. freedom, enlisted in the Continental army, and was severely wounded ; on the conclu- sion of peace, moved himself, and family of eleven children, to Tennessee ; the ar- duous and harassing journey was made overland, and their household trappings were stowed away in a covered wagon ; the wagon bed was made and constructed after the model of a " mud boat," hence it was often used on the trip to cross swollen streams. Having lived a few years near the heritage of "Old Hickory" Jackson, moved and settled on " Snake Creek," near Scott- ville, Macoupin Co.; died at the advanced age of eighty-five years. The father of our subject, Henry Sharp, accompanied his father through the shifting scenes of his eventful life, as related above. The date of their settlement, 1828, classes the Sharps as a name in the list of the pioneers, whose heroism helped to carve out of a conglom- merated mass of uncivilized territory, one of the finest States in the American union. He died in 1863, aged sixty-three years ; his devoted wife still lives to recount to the " young settlers," many reminiscences of the ages past, is sixty-five years old, and very hearty, and lives at Jacksonville. Mr. Sharp was born in Macoupin Co., Nov. 14, 1842 ; in his young days had a good dispo- sition to be, at his majority, a pedagogue, but cruel fate willed it otherwise, but yet, he is a close student of many works on both ancient and modern history ; was married to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Bater, daughter of Christopher Bater, by Rev. James A. Morland. Their children in the order of birth, are : Freddie Elmer, born April 4, 1872, died Aug. 4, 1876; Rose Ella Jane, born Jan. 30, 1874 ; Thomas Andrew, born Feb. 18, 1878. In 1877, Mr. Sharp was elected to the office of precinct constable, receiving the unanimous vote of the precinct ; Mr. Sharp is a member of the Baptist Church, and respected by his co-re- ligionists, owns a good farm of 100 acres of good land, worth $6,000 Sharp Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Mur- rayville Sheplar Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Mur- rayville SHEPLAR NICHOLAS, minister of the gospel, P.O. Murrayville. There are perhaps, but few pursuits in life more perplexing to the man of literary work, than the work of writing up individual his- tory, as he has in the language of Manfred, " to enter into a scrutinizing research of man's descent, diving to the caves of death, # # -jf # F rom withered bones, and skulls, and heap'd up dust." The grand- father of our subject was born in Moore- field County, Virginia, and served in Dun- more's army; moved from his native State, Virginia, at a very early day, settling in Hardin County, Kentucky; his death is mere conjecture, hence we are unable to state any date. Benjamin, father of our subject, was born in Hardin County, Ken- tucky, June 8, 1797; during youth got a moderate knowlege of Webster, from the "pay school;" was married Oct. 16, 1827, to Miss Maria Featherkile, and in 1828 removed to Sec. 13, his present home, and has lived there continuously for forty-seven years; eleven children were born to this union: George, Nicholas, James, Daniel J. John, Richard, Rose Anne, Martha Anne, Minerva, Mary C. and Martha; of these, Minerva, Mary C., John and Martha Anne, are dead; settled on each of his children a fortune of one hundred and twenty acres of land, well improved, and are among the first members of the regular Baptist church; having in conjunction with Rev. Thornton Shepherd (deceased) organized the first Baptist Church, on " Little Sandy Creek." The subject of this biography was born April 14, 1833, on Sec. 13, and received a liberal education, and remembers many interesting reminiscences of the pioneer age of the county; during his time, in going to school, the quaint old schoolmaster used to make them study their lessons aloud; this was a relic of the antediluvian age of the world. The school house had for win- dows, a log cut out, with the door swinging on wooden hinges, and split logs for seats. Venison, wild turkey, and pork were the meats used, wifh johnnie-cake; this bill of fare was changed whenever the preacher came around, a- there was always kept in reserve some wheaten flour, hence the peo- ple got to eat biscuits about four times a year. Nicholas, through his own good exertions, acquired much knowlege, which has made him able to enter the field as a preacher of the gospel; was married Jan. TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 597 18, 1859, to Miss Mary Coffman, native ot Virginia, by the Rev. Thornton Shepherd; have had five children: William, John, Mary C., Laura, and Emily, of those, Wil- liam and Laura are dead. Mr. Sheplar is one of our most enterprising citizens; owns a small farm, and in company with his brother James, is doing a good business in a " grist mill," for the accommodation of his neighborhood; his ministry commenced many years ago in Macon County, and is esteemed by all Shepley Sydney, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Mur- rayville Shotwell C. C. school teacher, Sec. 20, P.O. Murrayville Sink John V. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Murray- ville SLAUGHTER SILAS G. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Murrayville. Son of John W. and Elizabeth Slaughter, natives of Pennsylvania, was born in Jefferson County, Kentucky, Aug. 9, 1828; his life has been identified with the interests of his native soil until 1849, when he moved and settled here; during his early years his chances to secure the benefits of a sound education were meagre, and the whole number of days spent at school did not amount to six months. Little Silas' tutor was a bright genius of the Emerald Isle Christopher McNamara; this astute peda- gogue had it as the fundamental law of his school, that the little "buckskins" c uld fight out their quarrels in the school room, any time only " during time of books;" this would in this age, be barbarism. Was married to Miss Mary Ellen Reaugh, daughter of Samuel Q. Reaugh and Phoebe Taylor, of Kentucky. Has had by this union two children: John Samuel (de- ceased) born April 3, 1857; Charles A., born Feb. 21, 1859. At the time the Mor- gan County Regiment (One Hundred and First)was raised, enlisted in Co. F Captain Tanning's company, and followed the for- tunes of that brave organization in the camp, and field, participating in the bat- tles of " Rocky Face," Dallas, Altoona, Marietta, Big Shanty, Peach Tree Creek, and the inve tment of Atlanta; here his services ceased, by reason of sickness, and was sent thence to the general hospital, at Quincy, Illinois; was discharged June 6, 1865, by reason of general disability; re- turning to the shades of civil life, has since directed his attention to the building up of his business; is a faithful Christian; the family belonging to the Presbyterian Church; owns one hundred acres of land, worth $5,000 Smith J. C. merchant, Murrayville Sooy Albert, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Murray- ville SOOY CHARLES E. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2, P.O. Murrayville. Son of David Sooy and Catherine Reaugh; during the early years of his youth, at- tended the district school, his first teacher was Miss Maggie Rannells, prosecuted his studies with zeal, passing from the district school, finishing his education at the Nor- mal High School, Bloomington, Illinois; having acquired the elements of a good education, he soon struck out on his " own hook." was married Nov. 3, 1875, to Miss Sarah A. Anderson, daugter of James W. and Mary Anderson, Rev. W. P. Hart officiating; as first fruits of this union, Maria C., was born Nov. 30, 1876. The subject of these lines has lived continu- ously in the same neighborhood since infancy; at an early age united with the Presbyterian Church, of which he is a re- spected member, a good citizen, a kind father, and an indulgent husband Sooy David, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Murray- ville SOOY HAMILTON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Murrayville. Son of Samuel and Susan Sooy, natives of New Jersey; emigrated to Warren County, Ohio, in 1832; here the family stayed until 1840, then moved and settled on Sec. 2, Morgan County; Hamilton did not accompany his father and David, but followed them two years later; during their residence in War- ren County, the wife and mother died, aged 36; and subsequently, the father's demise occurred fifteen days after his settling on Sec. 2; was buried in the Anderson grave- yard; aged 66; Hamilton Sooy was born Sept. II, 1830, in New Jersey, and endured the vicissitudes and privations that was the pioneer's reward in the days gone by ; having joined his father and brother Da- vid, in 1842, turned his whole attention to building up the ancient landmarks of the 598 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. early civilization a rude log cabin; Mr. S. says he very distinctly remembers when the country averaged only about two houses to the section of land, and that prairie fires were a plague to the frontiersman; that to help put out the prairie flames was a her- culean task, as they were terrible in their fiery flight. The education of little Ham- ilton commenced at the age of six years; his first teacher was Miss Ruth Anne Gauze; the next term of six months was under the rod of one of the sterner sex; at the age of seventeen years, gave up the school room to give his whole attention to enhancing the new home in the West; on March 12, 1855, married Miss Margaret Frances Reaugh, daughter of Samuel Q. and Phoebe Reaugh, by the Rev. Mr. Newell, of "Unity" Presbyterian Church; the children born to this marriage are: Charles Granville, Dec. 31, 1855; Martha A,, Feb. 25, 1857; Mary S., March 14, 1859 died March 26, 1862; Clara I., born March 20, 1861; W. Thomas, May 21, 1863; John D., Aug. 28, 1865; George O., Aug. 6, 1867; Clarinda E., Aug. 16, 1870; Samuel F., March 23, 1873; Martha A. married John W. Fanning; tor many years served the people as road supervisor, and school director; susequently, in 1872, was elected on the Board of Road Commission- ers, and served honorably until succeeded by his successor; in 1871, identified him- self with Unity Presbyterian Church; his wife has belonged to same church since her early girlhood; owns one hundred and six- teen acres of land, and is universally re- spected SORRELLS JOHN MONROE, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville, son of Peter and Sarah Sorrells; the grandfather of the gentleman whose life we write, settled here long before the deep snow; a sketch of his eventful life will appear elsewhere in tKis work. Mr. Sorrells was born Nov. 29, 1856, in Greene County, this State; in youth attended the district school, and gained a decent knowlege of Webster; was married at the age of twenty, to Miss Sarah S. Bris- endine, daughter of Green and Sarah H. Brisendine, on Nov. 30, 1876, by the Rev. Charles N. McEvers; one child blesses the union, Arthur Dewey, born Dec. 19, 1877; since Mr. Sorrells has assumed the respon- sibilities of the husband and father, has met the requirements of life with a determina- tion to win his way to fortune; is a young man of sterling worth and beloved by all SPENCER BENJAMIN F. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31. P.O. Murrayville. Son of William S. and Berthinia Spen- cer, natives of Indiana; emigrated to Mor- gan County at a time when the county was sparcely settled; were contemporary settlers with the Gunns, Wrights, and Fannings, of " Pepper hill," and at the time the " old court house " was built at Jacksonville, Uncle Billy sawed the lumber that went into its construction, with a whipsaw. Benjamin F. was born on Sec. 31, Feb. 21, 1845; when eight years old commenced to attend the district school, which institution during the progress of time, became a modernized frame building; having at- tended school until eighteen years old, when the responsibilities of his father's home required Frank's helping hand; was married to Miss Mary C. Payton, daugter of James and Thankful Payton, Sept. 14, 1864, by the Rev. Alick Gunn, of Zion M. E. Church; Mrs. Spencer was born in War- saw, Hancock County, Illinois, Feb. 4, 1846'; the fruits of their marriage were; Linzeta C., born Feb. I, 1866; John H., Nov. I, 1867; Thankful J. Feb. 24, 1870; William F. Feb. 17, 1872; Berthinia A., Feb. 16, 1874; Isaiah, May 28, 1876. Dur- ing the civil war, enlisted in September. 1862, in Co. I, (Captain Lightfoot) One Hundred and First Regiment, Illinois Vol- unteer Infantry, and followed the fortunes of that veteran regiment, in field and camp, to Holly Springs, Mississippi; hav- ing contracted a camp fever, was sent back to Benton Barracks, Missouri, for treat- ment, and was honorably discharged in June, 1863, for " disability;" returning to the avocation of civil life, has done much to build up society; Mr. and Mrs. Spencer are good members of Zion Church, and are respected by all SPENCER GEORGE W. farmer. Sec. 7. P.O. Murrayville, Son of W. S. Spencer, native of Indiana; the father of the gentleman at the head of this biography, settled in Morgan County at a very remote period, and was a contemporary settler with the Rearicks, 'Squire Holliday, and TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 599 Wrights; he sawed the lumber that was used in the construction of the "old court house," with a " whip saw;" has lived to see much of the early life of the long ago, prior to the " deep snow," and is now a retired farmer, and resides in Murrayville, this county. The gentleman whose history we are engaged in writing up, was born in Morgan County, March 9, 1844; Geo. W.'s father was a farmer, and this accustomed him to the toil and labor on the farm, he had much taste for books, and during the winter months, applied his thoughts to the gaining of a good English education; when the nation's life was in jeopardy, threatened as it was by rebel hordes, George like a true American citizen, rushed to its rescue, by enlisting March 23, 1865, in Co. E, 58th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and followed the weal and woe of that veteran regiment to the end of the war; was dis- charged at Montgomery, Ala., March 23, 1866; attended for two terms the Murray- ville High School, under Mr. Charles Fish, thus finishing his studies; was married Dec. 10, 1867, to Miss Matilda Jane Fanning, daughter of Sampson Fanning, by Rev. A. S. Gunn; have had by this union, two chil- dren: Lyman Lurton, and Murtey Lee; Mr. Spencer being endowed with much go-a-headiveness, has been re-elected to the office of constable for four consecutive terms, and is a prince among the boys. SPENCER MAJOR, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Manchester, Scott County. Son of Elisha and Naiicy Spencer, natives of North Carolina. In 1822, moved from the " Sunny South " to Lawrence County, this State; in 1826, moved to Martin's prairie, Greene County; in 1838, settled on a quarter section in section 31; their first domicile was of lo^s, and the furniture was made out of clap- boards and slabs; Major was born in Law- rence County, June 22, 1824, and endured in his early boyhood the hardships incident to the early days of the long ago; when seven years old, went to school to a worthy gentleman named John Burton; as educa- tion was not a prerequisite to getting land, little Major had to turn his attention to the work of helping to reclaim the home in the western wilds; on Feb. 20, 1844, married Miss Nancy J. Duncan, daughter of Greenup and Tomison Duncan, 'Squire Ned Wyatt pronouncing them of "one flesh;" the children to this marriage are: Lucy A., born Jan. 5, 1845, died Aug. 29, 1845; Elizabeth T., born Sept. 9, 1846; Sarah J., March I, 1849; Henry M., Oct. 3, 1850; infant son horn and died May 29, 1852; Major L., April 18, 1854; Greenup, March 17, 1856; Maria O., Julv 27, 1858; Philip F., June 22, 1860; Elizabeth married Louis Herron, Sarah J. married Carroll Gilmore, Henry M. Virginia Barnett, and M. L. to Mary Moore; is a zealous member of the Baptist Church; owns 144 acres of good land, worth $7,000 Steel Michael, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Murray- ville Still Frederick, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Murray- ville Story B. F. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Murrayville Story George, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Murray- vil!e Story John E. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Murray- ville Story John I. renter, Sec. 33, P.O. Murray- ville Story Josephus, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Murray- ville Story J. B. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Murray- ville Story Porter, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Murray- ville Story Riley, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Murrayville Story W. S. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Murrayville Strang C. F. merchant, P.O. Murrayville Summers Martin, Sec. I, P.O. Murrayville -TANKASLERY PARMELIA MRS. farmer, Sec. 30; daughter of Will- iam and Sarah McCuen, natives of Pennsyl- vania; the lady whose good name heads this sketch was bom November 8, 1821; when only six months old, had to endure the rigors of a long journey; her parents at that time moved and settled near*Tiffin, Ohio; her father purchased on his arrival in Ohio a good tract of land, improved it, and remained there nineteen years; Mr. McCuen had long conceived a desire to see the famous Prairie State, but death came too soon, and blasted the bright hopes of the little family; his demise occurred in 1838; he was, during life, a blacksmith and farmer; the mother lived but two years 600 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. later, and was interred in the same burial ground. The subject of this biography is the seventeenth child out of a family of twenty-one children ! there were eleven girls and ten boys; of this interesting family sixteen lived to be married and raise large families; the youngest child a girl was in her fiftieth year when her mother died; two were school teachers, viz: James and John; after the death of the parents the family scattered, Parmelia moving to Lib- erty township; lived there three years; was married March 16, 1843, to Mr.Tankas- lery; they have been blessed with many children, viz: Thursey Anne, Sarah E., George W., Robert H., Mary Joanna, Martha E., Alvira, Charles F., Jeremiah, Margaret, Phoebe E, and George E. ; Thursey Anne married James Kinney, and died Aug. 5, 1859; Charles and Robert died some years ago; in 1868, moved to Carroll- ton, Greene County; from thereto Jackson- ville, and while a resident of that city the husband and father passed away to his God, which sad event occurred March 9, 1869; after the demise of her husband, in 1872 moved to Sec. 30; George W. enlisted in the 25th Regt. O.V. I., and served three years; Mrs. Tankaslery had in the Union army twenty-eight nephews,one son.and two brothers, and cousins their name is legion; at the death of her parents there were one hundred and three grandchildren, twenty- five great-grandchildren; Mrs. Tankaslery has now living, direct from her own family, sixteen grandchildren, and one great- grandchild; is a strict member of the Methodist Church Tendick John, bootmaker, Murrayville Tissington Robert, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Murrayville Tissington Thomas, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Murrayville Tunnell Joseph F. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Murrayville Turner John, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Murray- ville WERTREES DANIEL, H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Murray- ville; son of John Vertrees and Nancy Hay- craft, natives of Hardin County, Ky,; was burn May 6, 1821, and moved with his pa- rents, settling on Little Sandy Creek.Greene County. At this time there were but two log huts in the little western town of Jack- sonville; this was anterior to the "deep snow." Little Dan, " Old Punkin," (the horse), and the old dog "Tige," did the bus ness of going to mill. At this early day of the county's history, deer were as plentiful as any other game of the western forest. It was in the memorable year of 1827 that our subject, with his father and "big brothers," killed the last "grizzly" that roamed through our prairies, and was a terror to the few hardy pioneers ; this remarkable incident occurred on Coal Creek. Daniel first imbibed the truths of education under a Mr. Fitzgerald, a good old Irish gentleman, and a fist-fight in the school room was no uncommon occurrence. Having met the woman whom God de- signed should be his guide through life, was married to Miss Nancy M. Herron, daughter of .Simeon Herron and Phcehe Birdsell, contemporary settlers with the Wyatts, Wrights and Gunns. This mar- riage was celebrated April 6, 1848, 'Squire Geo. Wright tieing the indissoluble knot, and during the same year Dan paid the marriage fee to the 'Squire by breaking prairie for him ; has had by this union twelve children, viz : Mary J., born May 8, 1849; Charles T.. born Nov. 10, 1850; James L., Feb. 15. 1852; Samuel H., Dec. i, 1853; Emerine, Sept. I, 1855; Melissa M., Feb. 7, 1857 ; John E., Dec. 26, 1858 ; Emily, Jan, 24, 1861 ; Cornelia, Jan. 23, 1864; Edwin M. Stanton, Sept. 15, 1868; Walter, May 8, 1870. It is very remarka- ble that the oldest celebrates its birth in May, and the youngest also. James L., Emerine and Mattie E., have long since passed to the realms of bliss to await the coming of their parents who both lead a life of rectitude and right, are members of the Baptist Church, and are universally be- loved by all who know them ; owns 146 acres of land worth $7,000. \1TALSH RICHARD, farmer, Sec. 12, * * P.O. Murrayville Waters John, renter, Sec. I, P.O. Murrayville Watkins Roe, carp. Sec. 1, P.O. Murrayville Wells William, blacksmith, Murrayville Westrope James L. renter, Sec. 27, P.O. Murrayville TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 601 Westrope Richard, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Murrayville WHALEN HENRY H. blacksmith, P.O. Murrayville. The father of Mr. Whalen was born at New River, Va., h'is occupation was that of blacksmith and farming; during the stormy days of Jack- son's war in 1814, he enlisted, but did not go to the scene of conflict ; he died in War- ren Co., Kentucky, aged 66 years; the mother died more than thirty-five years ago at the above place. The subject of this notice was born Dec. 9, 1814, in War- ren Co., Kentucky. His attendance and study of Webster would not make him rank as a linguist, but was endowed by his Creator with a well balanced intellect, hence his success in life. He cast his fortunes with Miss Sarah, daughter of John Jones, the marriage occurred in March, 1834. In 1836 he moved with his family to Miller Co., Missouri, and there farmed. In 1844, moved and identified his fortunes with the people of Scott Co., this State, settling near Glasgow, and it was here that Mr. Whalen's enterprising genius cropped out, by purchasing a blacksmith outfit and opening up a " village smithy." Having never served an apprenticeship in the forge, Henry was often perplexed in his new line of business, but, by close applica- tion and keen observations in other shops, was soon a master of his trade. In 1854, moved and settled in Winchester, Scott Co. ; lived there sixteen months. In 1856 moved and bought a small farm of forty acres in Sec. 18, Morgan Co.; when the town of Murrayville was laid out, moved and built the third residence in that little hamlet, and before many moons erected a blacksmith shop ; the work was done by R. T. Seavers. Mr. Whalen was the first to break the monotony of life by the cheerful ring from his anvil. In a few years he added a paint and wagon shop, with a spacious hall for public meetings, and the first Masonic meeting was organ- ized in that hall. By his first marriage ha had six children ; all died in their juvenile years except America Jane, who lived until her majority, and died of typhus fever was married second time in 1855 to Mrs Minerva Buck. Mr. Whalen is an old time Whig, and an uncompromising Re- publican ; a good citizen, and well re- spected by a large circle of friends Whitlock Isaiah, farmer. Sec. 34, P.O. Mur- rayville Whitlock James, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Mur- rayville Whitlock Luther, farmei, Sec. 34, P.O. Mur- rayville WHITLOCK S. school teacher, Sec. 7, P.O. Murrayville. There is perhaps but few names connected with the history of the set- tlement of this county better known than Thos. Whitlock, the father of the gen- ,.Jtleman at the head of this history, who was a contemporary settler with the Shep- herds, Storys, and Wrights as early as 1823, nearly a year prior to the loca- tion of now the "Athens of the West." During his early years, the subject of this sketch had the advantage of acquiring a good practical education ; when arrived at the age of man's estate, he was united in marriage to Miss Polly Anne Kennedy, daughter of William Kennedy, the first schoolmaster known here to the western wilds; they have a nice family of interest- ing children. Mr. Whitlock has success- fully taught many terms as a worthy school teacher, receiving the highest salary ; is an erudite scholar and a practical demon- strator of the profession of inculcating the young mind with that knowledge which is a pre-requisite to a good citizen and a gen- tleman. Mrs. Whitlock is a faithful mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and from girlhood to the present, has been a devout Christian, and was often caressed by the fatherly hand of good old Peter Cartwright Whitlock Taylor, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Mur- rayville Whitlock William, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Mur- rayville Whitlock Z. T. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Murray- ville WILLIAMS ELIAS, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Murrayville, son of Josiah and Sarah A. Williams, natives of Kentucky. The father of Elias emi- grated to Indiana in 1820, thence moved and cast his lot with the early settlers of Illinois in 1822, hence was one of the few whose life is a part of the history of the early settlement of the Northwest, and died 602 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Oct. 14, 1864, aged 56 years. Elias was born March 16, 1836, in Sec. 25, T. 15, R. 12, Scott Co., 111. ; when in his sixth year first visited the log school house, then under the management of a good old Yankee. In the Winter of 1853-4 attended Jacksonville Western District School, then under the argus eye of that genius of learning, Hon. Newton Bateman ; in 1855-6 placed his growing faculties under the training of Prof. Turner, in Illinois College; having thus gained a good English education, turned his energies to the work on his father's estate. In 1857, moved t^ Iowa; continued westward in company with his uncle to Kansas, taking with them a load of flour, and soon returned to the homestead ; during the fall of his return made rails, and accompanied his brother- in-law, Rev. P. N. Minear, in the work of camp meetings. In 1859, in company with John Isom and William Campbell, visited McDonough Co. Dec. 2ist was married to Miss Anne J. Bane, daughter of George and Mary Bane ; lived in McDonough Co. until the Spring of 1861 ; moved and set- tled on the " old Shepherd " farm, south of Jacksonville. After the death of his father, at Merritt, Scott, Mr. W. sold out and moved on his father's estate ; here he was prostrated with typhoid fever, and for three months his life was in jeopardy. In 1867 he joined interests with his brother-in-law, P. N. Minear, and bought out the shares of the heirs ; in 1870 bought and shipped cattle and grain, which business soon left him penniless ; the crisis coming on him in 1875, gave up farming in '76, and moved to Merritt, thence to Kansas, and took up a claim of 160 acres ; but just then a dis- patch summoned him to the death-bed of his wife, which occurred April 21, 1876, leaving to his care six children : George B., born Sept. 24, 1860; Charles H., Dec. 4, 1862; Henry C., July 15, 1866; Rosalie, Oct. 9, 1868; Lillie M., July 5, 1871; Mary G., Aug. 13, 1873. After the death of his wife, his aged mother looked and cared for her little grandchildren. Now his sister-in-law, Rhoda J. Bane, is doing the good part of mother and aunt. Mr. W. is a good farmer, and has no enemies. Wilson Ben, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Murrayville Wilson Jane, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Murrayville Wright Andrew, renter, Sec. n, P.O. Mur- rayville TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. A XGELO ROBERT H. farmer, ** Sec. I, P.O. .Murrayville. Son of James Angelo, a native of New Jersey ; he was born in 1768, and was married twice ; first wife was Miss Mary Hulins ; about the year 1810, moved to Crawford Co., Pa.; here his wife died ; her death is thought to have occurred about the year 1815 ; married again about the year 1817, to Miss Lucy MacDowell ; the children born to this mar- riage were Samuel W., David R., Robert H. and William H. (twins), Andrew J., Thomas J., and Daniel F. In March, 1832, Mr. Angelo packed his little goods in a covered wagon, and by persistent efforts gained, after a weary journey, the land in- habited by the deer, elk, and some griz- zlys, settling in Buckhorn prairie, Mor- gan Co.; there entered some government land, building his own cabin ; soon the smoke from the emigrant's cabin was wafted on the breeze, giving hope to the weary traveler that he was in proximity to a settlement. Of the children living, Sam. uel married Rhoda Burwell, David married Mary Masters, William married Sarah Northcote, second wife was Charlotte French ; Andrew J. died in 1845, Thomas J. married Elizabeth Hoover, second wife Mary Marker ; Daniel died in 1854 ; Rob- ert H. was born in Crawford Co., Pa., June 25, 1821, and followed the shifting scenes of his parents' life, and was married, Feb. 9, 1843, to Miss Rebecca Bruton, daughter of William Bruton ; have had six children, Lucy A., William J., Hester Anne (died in 1848), Dempsey S., Emily Clementine, and Mary Jane. Mr. Angelo's life has been that of the rolling stone ; after his marriage, lived in Macoupin Co.; then returned to Morgan Co.; in 1849 moved his family to the " Lone Star " State, and returned to old Morgan in 1850, living after his return in Buckhorn Prairie and Lynnville ; spending five years on the James Strawn farm, pur- chased a prairie farm in Buckhorn ; im- proved it ; after a residence on it of twelve years, sold out, and purchased another in the same neighborhood ; lived on it two years ; sold out, and rented a farm from James Strawn ; thence to the George Graff farm ; thence back to his first love, Buck- horn Prairie, and rented the Isaac Ham- mill farm ; after a residence of one year, moved to Youngblood Prairie ; a residence of one year at the latter place was suffi- cient, hence he moved to the Andy Wil- liams farm, near Murrayville, and there tilled the soil for three years ; from there he moved and sojourned with the people of Scott Co., renting the Shores property; one year sufficed ; moved back to Morgan, set- tling on Sec. I, where he now resides. Mr. Angelo, while a resident of Buckhorn Prai- rie, served as school director for two terms, and as supervisor of roads two terms, and now, in the autumn of his life, is well thought of by his friends and neighbors T3IRDSELL CLARK (deceased), the head of this biography, was born in the State of New York. In 1828, he conceived the brilliant idea of moving westward ; being from boyhood a lover of adventure, and by occupation a boatman, he was in- ured to the cold and storm of our latitude ; his settlement here makes him one of the early pioneers, as he cast his lot with the people of Morgan Co. prior to the "deep snow ; " there were but few cabins then in Jacksonville, and as few families, Rearicks, 'Squire Holliday, Dady Wright, and a few others, lived close to Jacksonville ; removed and settled near Winchester, Scott Co.; was married Feb. 10, 1826, to Miss Wealthy Herron, by Mr. Hatcher, J. P.; the children born to this marriage were : Lewis, born Sept. 5, 1827 ; Rufus, born March 28, 1830; Sarah, born Sept. 25, 1832 ; John, born Nov. I, 1833 ; William, born Sept. 6, 1835 ; Ruth, born Nov. 6, 1837 ; Winnie, born , 1840; Simon, born Dec. 30, 1843; James K. P., born Dec. 6, 1845 ; Clark, born Feb. 19, 1848; Wealthy, March 18, 1850; Cyn- 604 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. thia E., born March 3, 1853, and Mary Anne, born Feb. 6, 1855. Winnie died in infancy; Cynthia died Feb. 18, 1854; Si- mon enlisted in the 33d Regt. 111. Inf'y, and participated in all the movements of his regiment ; was wounded at Fort Donald- son, and died of his wound June I, 1862. James and John enlisted in the roist Regt. 111. Vols. ; James, while on duty, was stricken with measles, which incapacitated him for duty ; was discharged by reason of disability, and died June I, 1863 ; John participated in all the conflicts of his regi- ment, and was wounded in the ear at Look- out Mountain, Tenn.; now lives in Cal- loway Co., Mo. William enlisted in the 6ist Regt. 111. Vols., and his clear record marked him as ^brave soldier ; partici- pated in many bSdJfes ; he re-enlisted in 1864 for still anomer three years ; took brain fever, and died at Memphis, Tenn. Ruth married George Morning, lives in McDonough Co., 111. ; Wealthy married James Buck, Sarah married Andrew Brown, Clark married Jane Buck, and all three families reside at Roadhouse, Greene. Co.; Mary married Robert Kitner, and lives in Indiana ; Lewis married Sallie A. Smith, second wife Mary C. Armstong. The wife of this old pioneer died Feb. n, 1875, and her respected husband soon joined her on the other shore ; he died March 25, 1875. Rufus Birdsell was born March 28, 1830; for years worked on his father's farm ; was marrie : in December, 1822, to Miss Eliza- beth White, daughter of Micajah and Mary L. White, by 'Squire Heaton ; they have had nine children : James A., born Aug. 17, 1854, died in infancy; William, born Feb. 3, 1856 ; Margaret A., born April i, 1858 ; Ruth Jane, born Aug. 7, 1860; Wealthy, born Oct. 18, 1862 ; Rennie, born Dec. 18, 1864; Calvin, born March 7, 1866; infant daughter, born in February, 1869, died in infancy ; George H., born Oct. 7, 1872. Mr. Birdsell, loving the honor of his flag better than home or hearthstone, enlisted in the ggth Regt. 111. Vols. Infy, and participated in the many hard struggles of this veteran command, and was severely wounded May 24, 1863, in that terrible assault on the rebel works before Vicksburg. Gen. Ben- ton's brigade consisted of the ggth and 33d 111. Infy, and the 8th and i8th Regts. Ind. Vols., and in that charge the brigade lost 700 men killed and wounded. Rufus was carried from the battle-field and sent to the hospital at Memphis, Tenn. ; in August, same year, was sent to Alexander Barracks, St. Louis, Mo.; was there organized into the 8sth Co. 2d Batt. Invalid Corps ; sent thence to Scranton, Pa.; there did provost duty for nearly eighteen months ; thence to Philadelphia, Pa., and was there dis- charged, July 5, 1865. Since his return to civil life, made one change to Hooper Co., Mo.; lived there four years, returned, and settled down at his present residence. Mr. Mrs. Birdsell are good members of the United Baptist Church Block C. H. clerk, Murrayville Brisindine G. B. carpenter, Murrayville Brisindine P. S. carpenter, Murrayville Brubaker M. Wesley, teacher, Sec. 12, P.O. Murrayville Burch James W. farmer, Sec. I, P O. Murray- ville Bush J. G. farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Murrayville /BARNEY ANDREW, R.R. boss, Mur- ^^ rayville Chapman Lafayette, Murrayville CHAPMAN WILLIAM D. Sec. 36, P.O. Manchester, Scott Co. This gentle- man is the son of Robert Chapman, a na- tive of Norfolk, England, and was born at the above place Jan. 14, 1848 ; when very young commenced to accustom his life to the pursuits of an agriculturist ; he never attended school while at home ; during his life he worked out among neighboring far- mers, and applied his mind to gather up some of the simple rudiments of an Eng- lish education ; ten months would, how- ever, be more time than William ever at- tended to the study of the English reader, but Mr. Chapman, appreciating the need of gaining a good knowledge of the common branches of English, has by diligence and the study of good books, acquired a liberal knowledge of history, mathematics, and penmanship. When in his nineteenth year, visited the great metropolis, London, and resided there more than four years. His young manhood craved for a wider field ; emigrated from the land of his birth July 31, 1870; took shipping from Lon- don ; after a merry voyage, landed at New TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 605 York City, Aug. 21, 1870; moved immedi- ately to Haverstraw, on the Hudson River, and there tarried but six weeks ; from there moved to Illinois, and cast his lot with the people of Greene Co., and worked on the farm of Mr. Tunison, south of Whitehall J moved thence to another farm of the same party, south of Manchester, Scott Co.; re- sidtd there three years; having tired of renting, bought a good farm of Mr. Blaker, of Sangamon Co., where he now resides; was married Oct. 14, 1872, to Miss Hannah Mitchell, daughter of William Mitchell, by Rev. Mr. Hyde, at Carrollton, 111.; have had by this union, Walter Joseph, born Oct. 18, 1874, and Robert William, born May 15, 1877. Mr. and Mrs. Chapman are generous and genial people, and enjoy the friendship of a host of friends Cooley S. farm hand, Sec. 36, P.O. Murray- ville Criswell R. R. farmer, Murrayville Crowley Mike, farm hand, Murrayville E. W. Murrayville DOBSON S. F. and WILLIAM, farmers and stock raisers, P.O. Manches- ter, Scott Co., sons of George Dobson, na- tive of Yorkshire, England. Samuel F. was born near Scarborough, England, March 24, 1846, and during their early boyhood received a practical education on the farm ; their education in the rudiments of the English branches was gathered at a pay school, but as mental culture was of no consequence to the successful English farmer, a knowledge in the primary de- partment of learning was sufficient for the wants of life, hence the young Dobsons learned to be model farmers. In 1855, their parents emigrated from old England, bringing with them their children : S. F., William, Sarah, and John, landing at New York City, thence by rail to Morgan Co., settling in Lynnville. After a residence there of one year, moved to Robert Wad- dell's farm in Scott Co., thence to the W. Jones farm ; lived there three years ; shift- ed his bark again, anchoring on the Mc- Cracken farm, and cultivated the soil for seven years ; having had enough of the per- plexities attendant to a renter's life, John, William, and Samuel purchased a tract of 360 acres of good land, from James Chil- ton, in Sees. 23 and 26 ; one hundred and twenty acres of this farm lays adjoining in Scott County. After a partnership of five years, made a division of the land, S. F. taking 120 acres in Sec. 26 ; soon a hand- some cottage was erected, and John built a fine residence on Sec. 27, Scott Co. By the combined energy of those brothers, they have cleared and brought into culti- vation, eighty acres of forest land Samuel was married twice ; his first marriage was celebrated April 2, 1872, to Miss Mary Frances Allen, by Rev. George W. Stevens; have had born to this union : James Al- fred, born Feb. 22, 1873 ; Perry A. born Oct. 10, 1874. Mrs. Dobson's demise oc- curred Oct. 16, 1875. Married again Oct. 14, 1876, to Florence Ellen Allen,, by Rev. Joel Goodrich, of Jacksonville. Have had one child: Eddie, born Aug. 18, 1877. William Dobson's life is a duplicate of Samuel's up to Feb. 15, 1865, when he en- listed in Co. H, I2gth Regiment, I. V. I., followed and endured the hardships of his regiment, and was transferred to Co. B, i6th Reg., 111. Vet. Vols.; was discharged at Camp Butler, 111., in June, 1865; was married Dec. 5, 1867, to Miss Lucinda Adeline Billings, daughter of Abraham and Nancy Billings, by Rev. Mr. Teller. They have had born to this marriage, four chil- dren : Jared, born Oct. 21, 1868 ; Myrtle, born June 14, 1870; Bernice, born Aug. 21, 1873 ; Cyphas, born May 20, 1876. Both families are identified with the member- ship of the United Baptist Church, and well and favorably known "C* LLIS JAMES M. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O- ^^ Murrayville /DARNER JAMES, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. ^-^ Murrayville Gibson Charlotte, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Mur- rayville Gunn A. J. fanner, Sec. I, P.O. Murrayville H ORTON F. M. farmer, Murrayville HOWARD WILEY, farmer and renter, Sec. 25, P.O. Manchester, Scott Co. son of Martin Howard. This old pioneer was born in East Tennessee in 1811, and was married to Miss Denisa Cook, daugh- 606 MORGAN COUNTY DIEECTORY. ter of Jacob Cook, also a native of East Tennessee. Mr. Howard, in 1835, in company with his father, Aleck Howard, settled near Lynnville, this county; nothing occurred to mar the serenity of the jour- ney, except a little accident that befel little Miriman, who was then in infancy : he fell out of the wagon and destroyed the sight of one eye. Mr. Howard, father of Wiley, died in 1837; his widow still survives him, and is the wife of Mr. John Smith. The gentleman whose name heads this sketch, was born in Scott Co., and attended, dur- ing his early years, to gaining a knowledge of Webster, at Hart's school house ; was married twice ; his first marriage was on Jan, 16, 1861, to Miss Caroline Lawson, daughter of Severe Lawson, by Mr. Tan- koley, J.P. Three children were born to this union : Martin S., Merinda Jane, and Charlotte A.; the last named died Nov. 18, 1862. After his marriage, moved to the David Ralston farm, thence to Manches- ter, thence southeast of Manchester to the 'Squire Heaton farm, lived there two years, thence east of Hart's school house, and here the sable cloak of death wrapped the wife and mother in its unwelcome folds ; she died March n, 1866. Was married again Nov. i, 1866, to Mrs. Phoebe Anne Brown, daughter of Maston Semmons ; have had four children : Caroline, David S., Newton J., and Terry ; little David has been called home to heaven. After his second marriage, lived on the Richard Wilson estate, then sojourned for a while in Scott County, rented the Mason and Kiker farm one year each. Mrs. Howard is a consistent member of the United Bap- tist Church, and both are well respected Hughes John F. farmer, Murrayville Hull Thomas, farmer, Murrayville JACKSON GEO. W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Manchester. The father of the subject of this notice, Hiram Jackson, was a native of North Carolina, was born in 1804, and emigrated to Indiana, settling in Putnam County, and after many years of harassing ups and downs, was married in 1826, to Miss Nancy Malcolm, the children born to this marriage were: Samuel A., Mary A., Silas, George W., Nancy J., Diana, Phebe, Matilda, Hiram, William H. and Jehu. Samuel left his family in 1854, and went to St. Louis, since that time his life is a blank to his friends and relations; Mary died in 1840, Matilda and Hiram died of measles and whooping cou^h, in 1842; Jehu en- listed at Jacksonville, March 9, 1865, to serve in the loist Regiment, Illinois Volun- teer Infantry, and died of pneumonia at Camp Butler, this State, March 29, 1865; William died March 9, 1875; the father died Nov. 9, 1875, aged 71; the mother died Sept. 29, 1864, aged 67. About the year 1835, Mr. Jackson made the trip over- land to Missouri Crossing, at Alton, here, while in the act of boarding the flatboat, the cable rope broke, precipatating the team and wagon into the river, little George narrowly escaped drowning; having gained the shore, continued their journey, settling in Barry County, Missouri, entered some government land, built a log cabin, made some improvements, sold out, and moved to Illinois, crossing at St. Louis, Missouri, settling in St. Clair County; this was in 1838, lived there five years, pulled stakes and moved to Washington County, entered a claim on 160 acres of land, erected a neat frame dwelling, the first of the kind in the neighborhood; improved the whole tract, in 1849 sold out and moved to Texas, and there bought a farm of 900 acres of land, lived there but two years, and again cast his fortunes with the people of Illi- nois, settling in Scott County, and there purchased a small farm of 40 acres; sold this, and again moved to Macoupin County, and there farmed, until by the affliction of sore eyes, he had to give up work altogether, and lived afterward until his death, with his children The gentleman at the head of this sketch was born Oct. 19, 1831, in Indiana, followed the changes of his father's life as recorded above; was married twice, his first marriage was Aug. 22, 1849, to Miss Matilda J. Davis, by Rev. Mr. Col- lins, in Washington County, the children to this union were: Martha Ellen, William R. James H., Silas J., Sarah A., Mary Alendar, and Nancy Isabelle; the wife and mother died Sept. 19, 1863; married again, Aug. 3, 1865, to Miss Sarah Jane Radford, at the home of Dr. Gillett, in the city of Jacksonville; have had seven children to this union: Charles W., Mary M. .Clarasca, TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 607 Odelia, George L., Samuel K., Minnie M., and Otis A.; Mr. Jackson was elected con- stable in 1860, and served four years; Mr. and Mrs. Jackson are faithful members of the United Baptist Church JOHNSON HENRY L. retired farmer and minister of the gospel, Sec. n, P.O. Murrayville. The genealogy of this good old name points with pride to the descent of " Albion's " noblest families to rare Ben Jonson, in later years corrupted by the addition of the letter "h." The grandfather, Ben Johnson, settled here prior to the Revolution, and was a member of Washington's army, from the inception of the rebellion to its final close, and died at a great age ; his ashes repose in the earth of Old Virginia. The father, Benjamin, was a native of Augusta Co., Virginia ; when he was 24 years old emigrated from the Old Dominion State and settled in Ken- tucky ; was married in 1819 to Miss Mary Boyd, daughter of John H. Boyd; children born to this marriage in Virginia were : Henry L., C. Perry, and Andrew J. In 1830, to satisfy a long cherished desire to see the new State, then on the confines of civiliza- tion, made the journey overland, and in a large covered wagon, after a most harassing journey landed in Morgan Co. Oct. 2, 1830 ; the outfit of the little band of emigrants was very limited, the " deep snow " setting in soon after their landing, made their situation deplorable ; settled in Buckhorn Prairie, and entered eighty acres of land at $1.25 per acre; built an additon to the log cabin ; when his means became better purchased one hundred acres more land and improved it; soon after bought of W. Busbey eighty acres more. After settling in Illinois, three more children were born, viz. : Benjamin F., Jonas M., and John D. He was during life a minister of the gospel, and preached for the people of the United Baptist Church ; died March 14, 1861, aged 69 years, his de- voted wife survived him many years ; she died July 4, 1872, aged 77. The gentle- man whose name appears at the head of this biography was born in Kentucky July 6, 1820. and followed the fortunes of his father's life, as above i elated, had a hard road to hoe in his early days. Studied Webster under the shadow of the log school house, this was only in " spells," but being a lover of knowledge, prosecuted his studies under the care of his parents, gained a liberal knowledge of the simple rudi- ments of an English education. Was mar- ried twice ; first union was Oct. 14, 1840, to Miss Nancy H. Haney, by 'Squire Mich- ner. An interesting episode occurred which we relate as told us ; the good man of peace and law never tied a hymenial knot before, hence he was much agitated how to begin ; the parties were pronounced of one flesh, after three exciting trials, much to the relief of the contracting parties ; have had nine children : Zachariah T., James K. P., Benjamin F., John P., Henry J., Alden J., Mary J., Frances A., William E.; of these children the following have gone to their God : James K. P., Zach. T., Benj. F., and William E. Married again Aug. 25, 1868, to Mrs. Elizabeth A. Law- son, by Rev. William Johnson ; they have had three children : Ida Belle, Laura E. and Clara Alma. Ida died in infancy. Mr. Johnson was ordained a minister of the United Baptist Church March I, 1850, but from boyhood took an active part in the work of reclaiming his fellow creature from the broad road to endless ruin ; now attends and preaches to four appointments, " Little Sandy " Baptist Church ; Murray- ville, Morgan Co. ; Glasgow, Scott Co., and Wilmington, Greene Co. ; is respected by all classes for his liberal principles Johnson J. W. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Murray- ville T/" ENNEDY WILLIAM, teacher, Murray- ** ville Kitner James F. carpenter, Murrayville Kitner Thomas, miller, Murrayville KOYNE ANTHONY, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 2, P.O. Murrayville. The annals of Irish history contains no more worthy name on her pages than the gentle- man's name that heads this biography ; his father, Patrick Koyne, was a native of County Galway, Ireland. Mr. Anthony Koyne was born in County Galway, Ire- land, March 17, 1832, and attended the National School until his young spirit craved for a new field; in 1846 emigrated to the New World, landing after a rough voyage, in Boston, Mass. Whilst a resi- 608 MORGAN COTTNTY DIRECTORY. dent of the " City of the Hub," met and was wedded to a lady of much intelligence, Miss Bridget Kelly, daughter of Mr. Michael Kelly ; the indissoluble bond was celebrated at Roxbury Roman Catholic Church, July 4, 1850, by Rev. Father Lynch. The responsibilities from this union were nine children, an infant son died in infancy: Mary, born May 28, 1844 ; George M., born Dec. n, 1846; Agnes Anne, born March 25, 1859 ; Rebecca, born Feb. 2, 1862; William, born June 13, 1864; Abbie J., March 15, 1868; John, born Aug. 15, 1870; Charles H., born Aug. 9, 1873. After Mr. Koyne's marriage, and wishing to become a resident of the West, in 1851 moved and cast his fortunes with the people of Connorsville, Ind. ; there at- tended to an engine and other machinery in a large pork house. In 1854, wishing to become a tiller of the soil, rented a large farm of Dr. Helium ; for eleven years he applied his energies to the labor on the farm. Mr. Koyne came to Morgan Co. during the stormy days of the war, and at once moved his family and settled south of Jacksonville, bought a tract of eighty acres of land ; a rude log cabin was the only shelter for the little family. Mr. Koyne inheriting the courage of his race, went to work with a will, and soon had the barren waste in a good state of cultivation. He has bought at various times small lots of land, until now he owns a beautiful farm of 177 acres of rich land, a part of which pro- duced more than 100 bushels of corn per acre for many years. In 1877 Mr. Koyne had erected a large two-story residence at a large expense, with all the improvements that money could provide ; is a devoted Catholic, loving the memory and traditions of Ireland and her greatness TV/TASTERS ROBERT L. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Murray- ville. The descent of the Masters family dates back many centuries, and its origin is Anglo-Saxon. The grandsires came from the mother country during the early settle- ment of Virginia, and afterward settled in Tennessee, from which State the father of Mr. Masters removed at an early day, set- tling in the south part of Illinois ; came here in 1830, when the smoke from the lone log cabin was a godsend to the hardy emi- grant whose life was inured to the terrible and harassing dangers to be met with at the time of which we write ; the trip was made in a covered wagon, and overland. Having entered on some government land, their first residence was a rough hewn log house, and in this Robert L. often amused himself, as a frame building soon supplanted the primitive architecture of the long ago- Mr. Masters' capital was very small, and would not foot up $100, but was blessed with an energy to "win gold and wear it. Robert L. was born March 20, 1854 ; in youth had a great desire to enrich his mind with the study of books, and many a time " Bob " would become so engrossed in the study of ancient Greek history that the midnight hour would find him reading by the dim light of a flickering taper. He attended Illinois College during the years 1870 and 1871, and was just about to don the worthy "freshman's" cap when business at home interposed her objection, hence did not secure the coveted parchment. Was married to Miss Mary H. Beadles, daughter of Thomas G. and Ellen P. Beadles, at Mexico, Mo., Aug. 13, 1874, by the Rev. Thomas G. Gouch, of the M. E. Church. Continued their wedding tour, visiting the " Gem City," thence to their present home. One little cherub blesses their wedded life, William Thomas, born June 26, 1877. Mr. Masters owns a fine estate of about 300 acres, with all the improvements that good taste could devise ; does a large business in the cattle trade, and is a prince of a good fellow MARTIN WILLIAM H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Murrayville. The father and mother of the gentleman at the head of this sketch was born in Ten- nessee, and removed to Illinois more than fifty years ago ; the trip was made by the overland route, and in a covered wagon ; settling in Greene County, soon a log cabin was constructed out of rough-hewn logs; as the country filled up, the settlers, as a mark of esteem, called the settlement after 'Squire Martin, hence, " Martin's Prairie." Our subject was born October 9, 1851, in Greene County, studied Webster and the other simple rudiments common to the dis- trict school, until his majority ; was united TOWN 13 NOKTH RANGE 11 WEST. 609 in wedlock to Miss Mary Neal, daughter of John T. Neal, on July 25, 1872, by the Rev. Mr.Stubblefield, of the M.E. Church ; after their marriage moved, and purchased a good improved farm in Sec. 24, where he now resides ; they have had three children to bless their union : Bertha, born May 16, 1873, died October, 1874, Norse, born May 13. 1875, and Pearly, born September, 1876, died February, 1877. Mr. Martin's father and mother are now the only surviving old settlers of North Greene County, and often relate the incidents of the log rollings of half a century ago, and of living on " John- nie cake." McClung Willis, justice of the peace, Mur- rayville McNeal David, Murrayville MELLOR WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Murrayville, son of George Mel- lor, native of Lancashire, England ; in 1855, the father of the subject of this no- tice, with his wife and one boy, William, emigrated from the land of " Merrie Eng- land," landing, after a perilous voyage on a sailing vessel, at New York City, thence by railroad to Greene County, where the ' little family changed their life from factory operatives to a more independent life, that of farming. Mr. George Mellor's occupa- tion in Lancashire, was that of an " over- looker " in a cotton factory. After a resi- dence in Greene County of one year, moved, and identified their interests with the peo- ple of Morgan County, settling in Sec. 14, purchased land, and at once turned their attention to its improvement. The gentle- man whose name star.ds at the head of this sketch, was born in Lancashire, England ; during the early years of his life was a cot- ton weaver ; he accompanied his parents to this great republic, and became one of her citizens; was married July igth, 1860, to Miss Adeline Thompson, daughter of Hon. John Thompson, by Rev. Allen Murray ; the fruits of this union were nine children : George, born June 8, 1861, Louisa Anne, born March 25, 1863, died August 3, 1864; John, born October 5, 1865, Robert, born November 25, 1867, Alice Melinda, born December 2, 1868, died September 30, 1869; Elizabeth, born March 27th, 1871, Emma, born April 3, 1873, William, born f April 5, 1875, and Mary, born August 3, 1877 ; after his marriage moved near the home of his wife, in Greene County, lived there until 1878, when he purchased a neat little farm, where he now resides, and is an economical, industrious citizen. The fath- er of Mrs. Mellor, during his honored life, occupied every office of trust in the gift of Greene County, died May 8, 1866, aged 72 years, was one of the first who settled in Greene County more than half a century ago MORLAND JAMES A. farmer and minister of the Gospel, Sec. 30, P.O. Youngblood. According to authentic rec- ords, the genealogy of the Morlands is of Scotch-Irish descent, and the grandsire of Mr. Morland was a native of Pennsylva- nia ; he moved, at a remote period of our history, to the State of Ohio, and there repose his mortal remains in the silent grave. The father of the gentleman whose history we write, was born in Pennsylvania, and moved, with his parents, to Ohio, shar- ing the hardships incident to the early set- tlement of the Northwestern States ; he died in Columbiana County, Ohio, aged 42 years. The good wife and mother sur- vived her husband a good many years, and at her death, was 77 years old ; her maiden name was Emily Armstrong, daughter of James Armstrong, of Quaker antecedents. Our subject was born in Columbiana Coun- ty, Ohio, August 28, 1817 ; in his early youth went to the rude log school house, and for a limited period applied his facul- ties to the study of the "United States" spelling-book ; arriving at his majority, was wedded to Miss Nancy Vanmeter, daughter of Jesse Vanmeter, J. P., on Sep- tember 5, 1838, by the bride's father; they have had two children : Mary Anne, and and an infant daughter died in infancy ; Mary Anne married Samuel McCurley. In 1839, i n company with James McNeely, packed their little goods in a covered wag- on, and moved to the rich prairies of Illi- nois ; settling in Wayne County, lived there seven years ; during his residence in Wayne County, his cherished wife died ; her de- mise occurred in 1840; during her life she was a kind wife and mother, and a zealous Christian woman, being long a member of the Christian Church ; was married again November 7, 1840, to Mrs. Mary Anne 610 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Green, daughter of Robert M. Petty, by Rev. Isaac Whittaker. The father of Mrs. Morland, Mr. Robert M. Petty, through- out the years of his life, was an honored .Schoolmaster. Mr. Morland's health fail- ing, was ordered by his physician to return to his native State, which he did in 1847, and in 1848 was elected constable of Co- lumbiana County, Ohio ; was re-elected four times ; having regained his health, in 1853, moved back to the Prairie State, set- tling in Hart's Prairie ; lived there a short time, when he moved, and rented a farm on Apple Creek, of Dr. John Caldwell ; cul- tivated that farm two years, at the end of that time bought a tract of 80 acres of land in Sec. 30, where he now resides ; their first house on this land was a rough log cabin, with a clapboard roof and puncheon floor ; as his means became better, he bought small tracts of land, until now his worldly domain embraces a fine farm of 477 acres of land, with all the neat improvements of our modern times. Mr. Morland, feeling the need of education, applied his faculties to the study of both modern and ancient history, and has, in the years of his life, made a successful digest of the books of the Bible ; was ordained a minister of the United Baptist Church in " Youngblood " December 22, 1860 ; was elected to the office of magistrate in 1873, by an over- whelming majority, and served in that ca- pacity until 1877, when he resigned and rented his farm, and moved to Scottville, Macoupin County, and there bought some good town property. " Uncle Jimmy " being well respected in his new home, was elected to the office of magistrate, but hav- ing exchanged his town property for a farm of 120 acres in Morgan County, did not qualify ; returned to the old homestead in the Spring of 1878, and commenced anew the life of a farmer ; served as su- pervisor of roads one year, and as school director six years. Mr. and Mrs. Morland are philanthropists on broad principles, and respected by all who know them. Morris P. M. farmer, Murrayville AJEAL JOHN TERRY, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Mur- rayville. His parents were natives of Ken- tucky; in the Spring of 1829, packed their goods in a covered wagon, and made the trip overland, and after a journey of nearly three weeks, having suffered many hard- ships on the route, landed and settled on a small tract of land, two miles east of Man- chester (then Morgan County), Scott County. Sold out the little claim, and moved back to " Old Kentucky;" having lived there one year, returned and entered a new tract of land; a substantial log cabin soon loomed up on the western confines of civi- lization, attesting the enterprise of the new emigrants; by steady toil and judicious economy, a bright and pleasant home crowned his labors; having lived to see the white man displace the red man, died Nov. 9, 1873, aged 80 years; three children sur- vive him: James, Squire C., and John Terry. The mother died in February, 1843, aged 38 years. The gentleman whose name heads this sketch, was born Jan. I, 1828, and worked on his father's farm until he was eighteen years old, then hired for one year to Mr. Lemmons, at the then good wages of $120 per annum; this was his starting point in life, which after- ward ripened into success in life; was mar- ried to Miss Caroline Lemmons, July 4,' 1850; they have been blessed with a very interest' ng family of nine children: Mary E., born Dec. 17, 1852; Sarah J., Aug. 2, 1856; George Milton, July 23, 1859; Martha E., Oct. 13, 1862; Emma H., Sept. 23, 1865; Anna Lula, July 5, 1868; Rose E., Jan. 2, 1870; Belle, Dec. 15, 1873; Edith C., Oct. 21, 1877; Mary E., married William H. Martin, whose biography ap- pears elsewhere in this work. In 1873 Mr. Neal severed his interests with the good people of Scott County, moved, and located in Morgan County, on Sec. 24; Mr. and Mrs. Neal are devoted Christians, and fear God rather than man, and are well esteemed by all pAGE JOSEPH P. farmer, Sec. 25, * P.O. Manchester, Scott County. Son of Robert Page, native of Virginia; the father of our subject moved during a very early period to old Kentucky; was there united in wedlock to Miss Mary Park, the children to this union were: Frances, Ruth D., Joseph P., William J. Aeneas T.: the- wife and mother of these children, died TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 611 about the year 1843; was married to sec- ond wife, Miss Rebecca Dean; they have had three children: John W., Henry Clay, and Robeit C.; in 1847 conceived the idea of emigrating to a new field of labor; packed his goods in a four-horse wagon, and started for Illinois; being destined to suffer mishaps, whilst crossing the river at Shawneetown, the tire of his wagon was lost in the muddy stream, got the neces- sary repairs made, and continued the jour- ney; at length settled in Scott County, rented a farm from Robert Marshall, moved thence to Lynnville,Morgan County, journeyed here two years, again tried farm life, for two years east of Lynnville; then bought a farm of 80 acres in Scott County, 40 acres from Alfred Thompson, and 40 acres from W. Batty, lived there two years, sold out, and returned to the life of a renter; thence in 1859, moved to Camden County, Missouri, and rented a tract of 80 acres of land, improved it, but being a solid Republican.and the war being inaugurated, his life was in jeopardy, hence, moved himself and family back to S.cott County again, followed renting until 1865, when he purchased a small farm in Greene County and died April 9, 1877; he was born July 4, 1804; his wife still survives him. The gentleman at the head of this biography, was born Jan. i, 1831, in Munroe County, Kentucky, followed the changes of life, and shared the hardships of his father, as to'd in the preceding lines; was married Jan. 2, 1851, to Miss Martha L. Pogue, in Scott County; they have had six children: William R., John T., George H., James A. Jo-eph P. and Ennis C.; Mrs. Page pas- sed away to glory, Jan. 27, 1862; was married again, Aug. 5, 1872, have had one child, Mary Jane; in the dark days of our country's history, when rebels assailed our flag, Mr. Page volunteered his life on the altar of his birthright, enlisted Aug. 1872, in Co. F, loist Regiment, Illinois Volun- teers, and followed the fortunes of his regiment in camp and field, as will be seen elsewhere in this work, and finally, had the proud satisfaction to see the nation saved, and his flag wave triumphantly over a nation freed from the trammels of slavery; Mr. and Mrs. Page are good members of the United Baptist Church, and well respected OEAVERS RICHARD, *^ Sheahan Michael, renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Murrayville Smith John C. merchant, Murrayville Sorrells Harvey, Murrayville SUMMERS JAMES W. renter, P.O. Murrayville. The father and mother of the gentleman whose biography we write, were natives of Shelby County, Kentucky, occupation a sturdy farmer; his father died Dec. 20, 1874, aged 64 years; his mother died May 17, 1871, aged 52 years. The subject of these lines, was born Sept. 12, 1840, in Shelby County, Kentucky; his education was prosecuted in the public schools, by spells, until he was in his four- teenth year, when the work on his father's farm called for his undivided attention; in 1859 removed with his parents, to north of Jacksonville, on the farm of Levi Conover; the trip from Kentucky was made over- land, and in a covered wagon, and occu- pied 27 days. When one section of the United States fired on the flag at Fort Summter, and courageous hearts were needed to keep the Union trom going to wreck, the subject of our sketch enlisted September, 1861, in Co. H, 58th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for three years, or during the war, and rendezvoused with his regiment at Camp Douglas, Chicago, receiving their necessary outfit; proceeded to the field of Mars; was engaged in the battles and engagements of Fort Donald- son, Fort Henry, Pittsburg Landing, Siege of Corinth, Battle of Corinth; the losses of the regiment in the above battles, reduced the regiment's strength to a skeleton, hence it WAS ordered to Springfield, Illi- nois, to recruit; on joining their comrades at the front, participated with Sherman, in his campaign to Merideri, Mississippi, thence joined the fortunes of Banks' army, at the mouth of Red River, participating in the fights at Pleasant Hill, Goldwater, Yellow Bayou, routing Forrest at Tupolo, thence against General Joe Shelby, at Old Town, and in turn meeting General Price's hordes at Independence, Missouri; in 1864 was transfered to the army under Gen- eral Thomas, at Nashville, Tennessee, and followed its fortunes through the terrible carnage of battle at Franklin, and finally to Chickasaw.where Hood and the Confed- 612 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. acy went to pieces. The term of this old veteran regiment having expired, Mr. Sum- mers was mustered out at Chicago, Illinois, Feb. 27,1865; this noble "boy in blue" received a non com missioned officer's parch- ment soon after his enlistment, and served through the grades of corporal, sergeant, and orderly sergeant, and was mustered out of the service with the rank of second lieutenant, he having been recommended for that position by the officers of the regi- ment for meritorious conduct; was married Feb. 7, 1871, to Miss Hattie, daughter of J. B. Shearer, by the Rev. William Garri- son; have had three children: Ive Eugene, Cynthia Anne, Luzella and Oreasus Theo- dore; Mr. Summers is as good a citizen as he was a soldier, and esteemed by his old comrades Steele. James, Murrayville Steele John, farmer, Murrayville ^THOMPSON PRESTON B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2, P.O, Murrayville. This gentleman's father, John Thompson, was a native of the "Old Dominion." By consulting some historical dates of the early settlement of America, we are pleased to be able to say that the Thompsons immigrated from the mother country about the year 1700, and settled in Virginia. The ancestry were Scotch-Irish, a line of blood relation that gave to the father of our subject the keen sagacity of the Scotchman, and the impulsive, hospita- ble, courageous character of the Irishman. Mr. Thompson was born in 1792 ; when he was twenty-one years old, he married Miss Mary Bandy, and soon after, in com- pany with his cousin, John Thompson, packed their goods in a one-horse, two- wheel cart, and left the home of his father in Kentucky, moving overland toward the setting sun. After a weary travel of several weeks, settled in Greene County, thisStale; this was in 1813. The country was but sparsely settled, the houses were distant from four to ten miles, wolves and deer ran to and fro through the open forest, the enemy of the white settler, the hostile In- dian, had their wigwams spread all over the State. Mr. Thompson has often re- lated to his family and neighbors that his whole capital, when he planted his stake in Greene County, was his "old woman," an ax, and fifty cents ! entered some gov- ernment land, built a log cabin and moulded the first brick that was ever used in Greene County. The Indians becoming war-like, young Thompson collected the neighboring settlements together, and swooped down on their wigwams, clearing them ,from the county and the adjoining counties ; was commissioned a Captain in the Black Hawk war, and followed the for- tunes of that pioneer war to its close ; his whole life was mixed up with triumphs and dangers ; he held the office of Justice of the Peace for more than thirty years, and served honestly and judiciously as County Commissioner for seventeen years, a proof of his sterling character, and when death summoned his spirit from its tabernacle of clay, left property, unincumbered, to the amount of $20,000 ; for nearly forty years, never bought anything on credit; died in 1865, aged 73 years. His wife survived him but a few years and died at the home of her son Peter, in Vernon County, Mo. The gentleman whose name stands at the head of this history, was born in Greene County, this State, March 3 1833 ; during the years of his youth worked on his father's farm until the breaking out of the rebellion in the South, when he enlisted in Co. I, 6ist Regt. 111. Infantry ; served through the several grades of Sergeant of his Company, participated in the battles of Corinth, Shiloh, and Britton's Lane ; this last battle was against Forrest ; after the battle pursued the rebel forces to near luka, Miss.; gave up the chase and marched to Bolivar, Tenn., where Mr. Thompson was discharged witn the rank of Orderly Sergeant ; was married in March, 1865, to Mrs. Sarah Whewell, daughter of James Seddon, by Rev. H. L. Johnson. They have had five children, Peter Edwin, John Warren, Laura Belle, Sarah S., and Mary Ellen. Mrs. Thompson's children by her former husband were : Robert H., Richard H., and Thomas A. Mr. Thom- son is a devoted Democrat and his counsel is much sought for by his party V ERTRUS C. M. physician, Murrayville TOWN 13 NORTH EANGE 11 WEST. 613 ADE ISAAC R. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Murrayville. The parents of our subject were Isaac Wade and Miss Hannah Goucher, natives of Milledgeville, Ga.; father born in 1776, and married in i8i2at their native town ; durii g and after their marriage three children were born in Geor- gia, Sallie, Aiken B , and Stephen. In 1818 he started in a covered wagon with his family, crossing Waldron's Ridge and settled in the Seguatchie Valley, Tenn.; There were born there Arty, Dollie and Isaac. The valley abounded with plenty of game, hence for a time the family were contented and happy. After a residence of five years, fearing for the safety of his little family, folded his tent in a wagon and silently stole away, crossing the Cumber- land Mountains.settlingin Overton County, same State; here he engaged in a new line of business, bought a distillery, and iron forge; there were born here two children: Abraham and Ascisca; he had long thought of making his future home on the prairies of Illinois, hence he packed up his worldly treasure in a covered wagon; by the aid of one horse and two oxen, the little band of pioneers reached Illinois, and camped on "Big Sandy," south of Jacksonville, April 12, 1829, renting a farm from old John Whitlock; while living here the entire fam- ily were prostrated with sickness; it was in that cabin that one more child was born, Polly; moved to Jacksonville, and there Hannah was born, which was the seventh birth in the. western hamlet; while a resi- dent of the little town, drove a dray for five years; the cholera made it necessary for Mr. Wade to move his family to a more congenial place of habitation; moved to the Jacob Redding farm; in the Fall of 1836, received a fracture of the skull, by being thrown from his horse, this mishap impaired his mind, and afterwards caused his death, which occurred in 1858, aged 82 years: had none of the responsibilities of the family to rest upon him; the mother died Feb. 14, 1838; Mr. Isaac R. Wade was born in Tennessee, Jan, 27, 1823, and during his early life, shared the hardships and vicissitudes incident to a boy's life, born at a time when each home was a se- questered hermitage; his first labor on his "own hook" was for Montgomery Pitner, receiving for one year's work $120; worked for Mr. Pitner until he was married, Jan. 23, 1842, to Miss Susan Waddcll, daughter of Armstead Waddell, by Rev. Johnnie Green; she was a native of Virginia, visit- ing in Morgan County, her parents were then residents of Pike County, Illinois; the children to this union were: James, Abra- ham, Jennie, Dollie, and John twins, Frederick A. and Anne Onella twins; the wife and mother died March 17, 1855; he was married the second time, Aug. 23, 1855, to Mrs. Sarah M. Grumpier, by Rev. W. Evans; by this marriage have had two children: Alice, and Mary Susan; after a wedded life of 17 years, Mr. Wade was again visited by death, taking from him his second companion, which took place July 15, 1871; following the precepts of the Bible, that it is not good for man to be alone, married again, April 9, 1874, to Mrs. Elizabeth Kingsley, daughter of William Sharp, one of the oldest Metho- dist preachers in the Northwest, who was sent in 1840, by the Ohio Conference as a missionary minister, to Illinois; was a co- temporary minister with " old Peter Cart- wright;" after a long life as a minister of the gospel, died Sept. 28, 1 868. Mr. Wade, although not required to render any service to his country, having passed the age of fifty, volunteered Aug. 21, 1862, to serve in Co. I, lOist Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, and before muster in was transferred to Co F, same regiment, and followed the hardships of that command, as will be related in another part of this work, to the taking of Atlanta, Georgia; here he met with a dislocation of the hip; was sent to Nashville, Tennessee, for treatment, re- ceived a furlough to his home, in 1865, and was discharged at Springfield, Illinois, June 27, 1865; Mr. Wade is a near relative of the late deceased Ben Wade, of Ohio, of free soil notoriety; is a good Republican, and loves his country first, last, and all the time Ward Martin, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Murray- ville Wells William, farmer, Murrayville Wheeler Joseph, miller, Murrayville WILD SAMUEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Murrayville. The family of which our subject is a member, 614 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. were of a noble family of Britons, and were for many generations natives of Lan- cashire, England; the gentleman at the head of this sketch, is the son of John Wild; the father died in Lancashire, when Mr. Wild was very young, hence he had to strike out on his "own hook," and make the acquaintance of a cold world, by work- ing in a cotton factory; followed this occu- pation for many years, and at the time of his leaving old England, was an over- looker; after a very stormy voyage, landed at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Jan 26, 1848, moved thence to Chester, Pennsylvania, and there found employment as boss in a cotton factory, stayed there seven years, then struck for the prairies of Illinois, landed at Jacksonville, in April, 1855, and for fifteen years was a good citizen of the " young Athens," worked at various em- ployments, such as house-moving, sinking wells, and at times doing odd jobs of carpenter work; met the lady who was to be his bosom companion, and was married in the Fall of 1857, to Mrs. Mary Clay, daughter of James Taylor, at Naples, by 'Squire Keener; have had five children: John, Emma, Samuel, Sarah, and Anna, the last named child, died in infancy; in 1871 became an agriculturist, purchased a neat farm of 80 acres of fertile land, from Phillip Day, and during the years since he became a farmer, he has improved the lit- tle farm, until it is a model home, having many adornments, such as money and good taste could devise, is a good citizen, enjoys many friends and no enemies Wyatt Edward, farmer, Sec. 12 Wyatt E. W. jr. farmer, Murrayville Wyatt James L. farmer. Sec. 24, P.O. Mur- rayville Wyatt M. V. farmer, Sec. I TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. A DAMS JAS. fanner, Sec. 10, P.O. Wa- *"! verly ADAMS LITTLETON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly. The gentleman who heads this sketch was born in Rowan County, North Carolina, as near as can be ascertained, in 1818; when quite small his parents moved to Kentucky where the head of the family purchased 200 acres of land; for sixteen years John Adams remained in that State, and then moved to Illinois, crossing the river at Ford's Ferry, and shortly after settled in Morgan County, nine miles west of Jack- sonville; he rented land here until he was able to buy; these early years spent on the farm, subduing the stubborn prairie, are vividly impressed on the memory of the sub- ject of this sketch; in i853,John Adams died; his pioneer wife survived him many years, departing le property; six children blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. B., four of whom are living: May R., Sallie W., George P., and Maggie O. Brown Charles W. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Franklin Brown Ross, renter, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin BURNETT GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Burnett was born in Morgan County in 1831; during the winter season he attended school in a log cabin, where the scholars were instructed in arithmetic, geography, and spelling; Joel Heddington was the first teacher that Mr. Burnett remembers; at twenty-seven he married Miss Mary J. McCormick, a daughter of John McCor- mick; at this time Mr. Burnett owned an estate of 160 acres; by shrewd manage- ment he now owns an estate of 406 acres; there are six children living: Marshall, born March 5, 1859; Everett, born Sept. 14, 1860; Oscar, born Feb 17, 1862; Fred- erick, born May, 1863; John, born Dec. I, 1865; Emma, born April 2, 1867; Anna, deceased BURNETT ISHAM, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin. In recount- ing the early experiences of the pioneers who hewed their way through to the far West, may well be mentioned, cotemporary with the early settlers, the gentleman who stands at the head of this page. He was the oldest son of Rolland and Polly Bur- nett, natives of Virginia, who settled in Kentucky in an early day. In Virginia Rolland Burnett was a planter, at one time quite wealthy ; on arriving in Kentucky he became a farmer and trader ; on the home- stead two of his children were born, Isham and Richard ; Isham, at nineteen, mar- ried Miss Lucinda Van Winkle ; in his 25th year, date July 14, 1831, in company with James B., a brother, Jason Van Winkle, and others he followed the trail of the old pio- neers, westward ; at the end of twenty-seven days travel, he located in Morgan County. Following the fortunes of Mr. Burnett, we find that he etitereda tract of 182 acres ; the first year he built a log cabin of the usual description, where one window graced the rude dwelling place; taking it all in ali, it was a fair sample of settlers' early habita- tion ; the prospect was rather discouraging, and many turned backward to the comfort- able homes in the South and East ; at times it became a difficult matter to keep from freezing; on awakening in the morning, it often became necessary to clear away the snow that had gathered on the bed ; as the bed usually lay on the floor, the covering frequently beame frozen to the puncheon. Never, perhaps, was game more abundant; as far as the eye could reach was a broad expanse of prairie, over which bounded the deer and other wild animals. During the TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 617 winter of the deep snow, small parties would start out in pursuit of them, which, on breaking through the crust, would fall easy victims to the hunter. Despite the hardships incident to pioneer life, the people enjoyed themselves fully ; their wants were few, and easily satisfied ; their kindness of heart and generosity un- bounded. Money was an unknown com- modity, generally speaking ; coon-skins were frequently bartered in trade, and often fell to the lot of the pioneer minister, who often wanted for the necessaries of life. From the small acreage came an estate of over a thousand acres, acquired by an in- dustry and perseverance that would have discouraged ninety-nine persons in a hun- dred. Witnessing the growth of the coun- ty year by year, few have contributed more to its present prosperity ; during his early settlement he came in contact with such early settlers as James Langley, Joel Gil- ledand, J. T. Holmes, Newton Cloud, Judge Samuel Wood, and others, now prominent in the offices of the county. Mr- Burnett raised a family of nine children ; there are now living : Moses, James, George, Joseph, Micajah, Rolland, and Charity. Having lost his first wife he was married the second time on January 27, 1866, to Mrs. Patrick, whose husband had died in the service of the United States, leaving to her care two children one now living, Sarah. %_who married James G. England Burnett Isham, farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 32, P.O. Franklin Burnett James, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin Burnett Jesse, farm hand, P.O. Franklin BURNETT JOSEPH, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly. The gentleman who heads this sketch was born in Morgan County, on the gth of July, 1838 ; he received the usual education of the pio- neer boy, in an old log cabin, long since gone to decay ; here he perused the few simple studies that started the boys on the pathway of knowledge. When the nation witnessed the downfall of Fort Sumter, Mr. Burnet enlisted in Company I, I4th Illinois Infantry, for three years service; mustered at Jacksonville; became a participant in the battle of Shiloh. and also many othe r smaller engagements of the war ; at the ex- piration of twelve months he was honor- ably discharged ; returning to Morgan County, he then turned his attention to farming. In 1863, he married Miss Jennie Massie ; two children, Lillie and Willie; in 1876 Mrs. Burnet passed off the stage of life ; on 5th April, 1867, he married Miss Ellen Hamilton, daughter of James Ham- ilton ; one child, Elsie ; Mr. Burnet owns 160 acres land, formerly owned 240. BURNETT MICAJAH, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Waverly. To trace the successive improvements of a county, to follow the fortunes of hundreds in a biographical sketch, is at times a per- plexing task. Mr. Burnett was born in Mor- gan Co., on the old homestead of his father, Isham Burnett. On this farm he performed a great deal of hard work ; he received his education at district school. When the Stars and Stripes were flung to the breeze, and the call came for troops, at the early age of nineteen Mr. Burnett enlisted at Jackson- sonville, in 1861, in the first regiment or- ganized, being the I4th 111. Vols., Co. I. mustered into the service at Jacksonville ; shortly afterward went to the front ; took an active part in the battles of Fort Henry, Pittsburg Landing, Vicksburg, Wahachee, and some smaller engagements ; honorably discharged at Huntsville, Ala. ; mustered out at Springfield, 111.; returned to Mor- gan Co. Shortly after married Miss Sarah M. Marston, daughter of Jefferson Marston, an early settler of Morgan Co.; four chil- dren, Isham S., Ida L., Felix E., and Edith D. Mr. Burnett owns an estate of 70 acres of well-improved land BURNETT MOSES, fanner and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this sketch is the ninth child of Isham Burnett, whose name is elsewhere recorded. He was born in Morgan Co., Nov. 25, 1838, on the old homestead, where he passed many years of his life. Those born amid the surroundings of pioneer life necessarily imbibe that spirit of independence peculiar to the western pioneer. In the stirring scenes of early life he formed the acquaint- ance of some of the most energetic western people, and it is not surprising that the associations thus formed led 10 success. During the Spring of 1864 he married Miss Mathilda Drew ; seven children six now living : Charles L., Lee, Lena, Laura, 618 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Lulu, and an infant child. In 1861, Mr. Burnett enlisted in the I4th Regt. Ill.Vols.; In the Spring of 1862, on account of ill health, was honorably discharged, and re- turned to Morgan Co.; is now living on his farm comprising 70 acres BURNETT RICHARD B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly. Fifty years ago but few improvements were manifest in the State of Illinois. Among the early settlers came Roland Burnett, a native of Kentucky, who raised a family of nine children. Richard B., whose name heads this sketch.when old enough, attended the subscription schools when the duties of the farm would permit. He was endowed with a strong, energetic disposition that made the quiet home life irksome to the young man, and accordingly, at the early age of nineteen.his thoughts turned from the scenes of his youth, and with a light heart and lighter pockets, in the Winter of 1848, he set out for Missouri. On his arrival, he turned his attention to farming ; the same year he married Miss Polly Brammer. For years he remained in Missouri, and then, accompanied by his family, he set out for Illinois, where he remained five years ; moving back to Missouri, he remained ten years ; once again he moved to Illinois, settling in the vicinity of Waverly, Morgan Co. He purchased 120 acres, and at one time owned 280 acres ; five children living : Lucy, Nancy, Lucinda, Lizzie, Isham, and Martha /CARPENTER JAMES F. farmer ^^ and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Waverly- Was born in Wayne Co., Ky., July 14, 1829. His father was engaged in farming, and in 1839 concluded to try his fortunes .in the West ; reaching the Ohio, they crossed it in a horse-boat, a craft something over 100 feet in length, constructed very much like the ferry-boats of to-day, the piincipal dif- ference being the modern boat propelled by steam were then driven by mules, who kept the paddles in motion by means of machinery. The family settled in Gallatin Co., 111., where William Carpenter, the head of the family, shortly afterward died. James F. was then but eleven years old, but at this early age he had to perform the the hard labor of the farm, the snpport of the family devolving principally upon him. For twelve years he hired out to neighbor- ing farmers ; he has worked for five dollars per month many a day, and split rails at twenty-five cents per day, and at night carded wool for his mother to spin. At twenty-seven years of age, James united his fortunes with Lucy A. Wright, who died about one year afterward, leaving one child, which died in early infancy. In 1859 he married Ann E. Florence ; three children blessed this union : Mary Ann, James M., and Martha; none of the chil- dren are now living. During the Spring of 1864, Mrs. Carpenter died ; the following year he married Miss Nancy E. Elliot ; five children, four living : James A., John W., Charles E., and Lewis H. Carroll Edward, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Carroll James, renter. Sec. 16, P.O. Franklin Carrigan James, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Carrigan Patrick, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Chambers James, farm hand, P.O. Waverly COCKIN GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Alexander. The sub- ject of this sketch was born in Yorkshire, England, about 1815. The head of the family, by trade, was a shipcarpenter. At the age of twenty-six, George crossed the ocean for the shores of America ; he landed in New Orleans, from which place he made his way into Morgan Co., settling in the vicinity of Jacksonville, hiring out the first year. On the expiration of this time, he engaged in farming on his own account ; about the year 1858, he was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Clayborough, a native of Yorkshire, Eng- land. Mr. Cockin now owns 200 acres of choice land, and as a farmer is a success. Seven children blessed this union : Sarah, Mary, William, George, John, Emma, and Thomas Collins Homer C. farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Waverly Copley Napoleon, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Wav- erly CORBETT DENNIS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 5, P.O. Alexander. Mr. Corbett was born in the County of Limer- ick, Ireland, March 2, 1829. In the above county young Corbett passed many years of his life, and received a very liberal edu- cation ; at the age of twenty he bid fare- TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 619 well to Erin's Green Isle ; during the Win- ter of 1850 he sailed for America, on board the Otomoco, arriving in New Orleans after a voyage of seven weeks. From there he made his way to St. Louis ; shortly after he moved to Scott Co., 111., where he first worked by the month. He married, about 1857, Miss Sarah Marley, a daughter of Patrick Marley, a native of Donnegal, Ire- land ; in 1866 he made a purchase of 80 acres of land, the property he now owns. During the war, he contributed liberally of his means. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Corbett was blessed with five children, four living : Catherine, Mary Ann, Patrick, and Sarah. For several years Mr. Corbett was a resident of Logan Co. Cox Samuel, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Waverly Crabtree John C. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Franklin Cummings James, farm hand, P.O. Franklin CUNNINGHAM WILLIAM D. Sec. 30, P.O. Franklin. Looking far back in the past to those who were born in the county, or who first sought a home on the prairies of Illinois, seems but a short time ; a little over half a century ago the red man held possession of the land now settled by schools and churches. As early as 1826, Peyton Cunningham set out for the unde- veloped West, in a covered wagon drawn by the usual slow ox-team. He was born in Virginia ; his wife was a native of North Carolina, and they were married in the eastern part of this State ; settled in Mor- gan Co., in the vicinity of Jacksonville ; buying an unimproved claim, the head of the family set about making a home in tl e sparsely-settled prairie ; here they roughed it in common with their neighbors. In the Spring of 1859, he passed off the stage of life, and left a family of three children : Diana, W. D., and J. H. The wife, a true specimen of the pioneer woman, has passed three-quarters of a century in Illinois ; is now a resident of Decatur, aged eighty- four years ; her general health is still very good, and her memory is comparatively unimpaired. W. D. Cunningham, pos- sessed of the spirit of enterprise, has gotten together a fine estate IpvARLEY BENJAMIN, renter, P.O. ^~^ Franklin Deakman Casper, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Wa- verly Dewell James, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin Donahue Wm. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Dougherty Harvey, farm hand, P.O. Wa- verly Dueer Wm. renter, Sec. 8, P. O. Alexander Dunham Hiram, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Dyke Edward, renter, Sec. 10, P.O. Waverly T^ADOR WILLIAM, farmer and "^^ stock raiser, Franklin, Illinois. Born in Cass County, Illinois, May, 1848, where his parents moved to that year ; a year later they settled on the Mauvaisterre, in Mor- gan County ; in 1868, Mr. Eador married Miss Lizzie Scott, daughter of F. M. Scott; one child, Edith M., born October 22, 1869 ; at this writing resides on his farm in the vicinity of Franklin EDMONDSON ROBERT (de- ceased) was born in County Tyrone, Ire- land, in 1809 ; his father by occupation a farmer, who died in the early infancy of Robert ; like most of the Irish people in the neighborhood, it is probable the land he worked was held by lease ; to his family' he left but little property ; when old enough, the care of a widowed mother de- volved upon Robert, jr. ; the mother dying in his early youth, he now had no other ties to bind him to the beautiful Isle of the Sea, and accordingly, in the Spring of 1833, accompanied by his wife, having united his fortunes to Miss Margaret Allen, he emi- grated to America ; in New York City and New Jersey he lived about twenty years ; in New Jersey all of his chil- dren were born ; in 1853, he left the Eastern States, where he had passed many years of his life as a business man, and traveled westward, and settled in Mor- gan County, on farm property ; in time came an estate of 150 acres in the vicinity of Jacksonville ; in 1865, his wife, in whose society he passed many happy years, died ; five years later the aged husband also passed away, leaving a family of eight children : William, who married Miss Ann Blake; Amanda, who married John Mc- Kean, who died in the aimy; John, who married Miss Padgett; Robert jr., who still lives in single blessedness; Matilda, who married Judge Henderson of Winchester 620 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Scott County; Henry, who married Nancy Baltimore; Sandyman, who married Miss Nancy Wright, and Joseph, who married Miss Sarah Dalrymple EVANS GABRIEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Franklin ; Mr. Evans was the oldest of four children ; the father, Wm. H. Evans, married Miss Elizabeth Thomas ; on the homestead of his father, Gabriel was born, April 30, 1817 ; in early youth he attended a subscription school, where the lessons were taught in a log cabin ; the furniture, as described by Mr. Evans, consisted of rude wooden benches that required considerable agility on the part of the scholars to sit upright on them ; logs were taken out the entire length of the building, admitting plenty of light, and making ventilation abundant ; at the early age of fifteen, his mother moved to an ad- joining county ; he remembers many scenes of his early youth ; for seven years he was employed on a farm, his sole pay being his board and six dollars in money ; at twen- ty-two married Miss Elizabeth Kirby ; for two years he rented property in Kentucky, and then moved to Ohio ; worked his first month for thirteen dollars a month, then for several years he rented property, and then set out for Illinois in a covered wagon ; after a month's travel, he settled four miles south of Franklin, Mor- gan County, and wintered in a log cabin belonging to Sam Warner ; the following spring he rented a farm of 80 a.cres, of Mrs. Governor Duncan, remaining two years ; he then rented property of William Stevenson ; two years he rented of Wis- dom Wilburn ; in the Autumn of 1850, he moved on to the property he purchased shortly after his arrival, from Dr. Moore ; he bought an old log house and moved it from Mauvaisterre on to his farm ; for five years he lived in this cabin, and then came frame houses. Mr. Evans being a very energetic man, became the owner of an es- tate comprising 480 acres, brought to a high state of cultivation. There are ten children, five living James William, Sarah M., Virginia M., George W. and Mary Evans George W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Franklin CHARLES, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Franklin FEOBE JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 17, P.O. Franklin. The gentle- man who heads this sketch was born in Limerick County, Ireland, as near as can be ascertained, in 1846 ; in early infancy his father died, and his mother, left to the care of a ' growing family, concluded to emigrate from the Old World to the New, crossing the broad Atlantic in a sailing vessel, bound for the southern port of New Orleans ; shortly after arrival, Mrs. F., attacked with yellow fever, succumbed to that fatal disease, finding a last resting- place in Southern soil ; the oldest of the children was John, then in his twentieth year, took charge of the family of seven children ; at St. Louis, his means limited, he was compelled to transfer the children to an orphan asylum ; James, the younger, remained two years, and then entered the employ of Patrick Crotick, of Missouri, two years, and then moved to Bunker Hill, Macoupin County, Illinois, where he first worked for John Kane, five years ; for neighboring farmers he worked by the month, until he married, in 1876, Mrs. Jane Feore, relict of Martin Feore, his brother ; parents of Mrs. F. were Michael and Cath- erine Kane, natives of Ireland, who after- ward removed to America, first settling in the city of New Orleans, where Mrs. Feore was born, in 1850. The estate comprises 160 acres of valuable land. FERGUSON MARION, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly. But little over half a century ago, the war- whoop of the Indian resounded over the prairies of Illinois, where we now see im- proved farms ; through the tall prairie grass roamed the mighty buffalo, undis- turbed by the deadly rifle ; everywhere nature's wilderness, unbroken by the tread of the white man, save the daring hunter or trapper who fled from the encroach- ments of civilization. In 1830, accompa- nied by his wife and children, Mr. Fergu- son, father of Marion, set out for Illinois in a covered wagon, drawn by one yoke of oxen ; locating in Morgan County, he pur- chased land from speculators near what is now the village of Woodson ; having no capital he was unable to meet his payments, TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 621 and accordingly rented property of Jacob Strawn, for 22 years ; he married Miss Su- sanna Sandusky, of Kentucky : they have 9 children: William, Emeline, Wallace, Nancy, Jemima, Champion, Anthony, Hannah, and Marion, the subject of this sketch, who was born in Morgan County, 1841 ; he was educated at a subscription school ; in his twentieth year he married Julia A. Angelo, daughter ot David R. Angelo ; on Septem- ber 2, 1862, he responded to the call for troops, enlisting in Company D, loist Il- linois Regiment, at Jacksonville ; engaged in battles at Vicksburg, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Peachtree Creek, and through Sherman's Atlanta campaign ; mustered out at Washington, D. C. ; was honorably discharged at Springfield, Illi- nois, at the close of the war ; there are six children living : Winnie, Walter, Harden H., Alice, Hattie, and Mary Flamm Joseph, fanner and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander FLEMING CHARLES E. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly ; was born in Cass County, Illinois, March 9, 1851 ; at the age of three years his pa- rents moved to Morgan County, settling near Waverly ; Charles received a liberal education, sitting on a rude wooden bench in a log cabin, where the cracks between the logs gave the necessary light, and ven- tilation was abundant ; in 1872 he united his fortunes to Miss Lucy Teel, daughter of James and Valeria Teel ; two children blessed this union : Ernest, born October 6, 1873, and Leonard. February 17, 1876 FLEMING ROBERT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly. Mr. Fleming, one of the early residents of Morgan County, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, November, 1824. In the Spring of 1838, the family transferring their hou-ehold effects on a flatboat, the little party floated down the Ohio River, and located at Golconda, Illinois; there resided five years, receiving part of his education; at the end of this time the family plunged farther into the interior of the State; they resided at Alton one year; thence to Exeter, where he resided fifteen years; there he formed the acquaintance of Miss S. A. Crabtree, daughter of John Crabtree; they were married January, 1847; remained in A 2 Exeter three years; after this, then moved to Cass County, six miles east of Beards- town; there followed the occupation of farmer; formerly Mr. Fleming was a cooper; in 1855. he located on the farm which he now owns; this appears to be his true vocation, for he became a very suc- cessful farmer; at one time he owned 280 acres; now owns 240, on which he erected an elegant residence; they had ten chil- dren, nine of whom are now living: Wil- liam C., Charles E., Granville, John S., James, Nettie M., Ettie, AlmaE., Luannice; Clarissa C., deceased FLEMING "WM. C. school teacher and farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly. Oldest son of Robert and S. A. Fleming, born in Exeter, Illinois, July 17, 1848; in the dis- trict schools of Cass County, where the family afterward moved, he received his preliminary education, which was after- ward completed in Morgan County; at the age of nineteen he became a teacher, which vocation he has since followed successfully; April 3, 1872, he married Miss Sarah F. Morris, a daughter of Jas. and Nancy Morris; two children: Robert L., born July, 1874, Clara M., April, 1876 /^ALLAHAR DANIEL, farmer, Sec. 17, *-* P.O. Franklin Gaul Patrick, renter, P.O. Alexander Gavin Patrick, farmer, Sec. P.O. Franklin Gorham John, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Wa- verly Griffin Alonzo, farmer, Section 19, P.O. Franklin GRAY WILLIAM, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Franklin. The sub- ject of this notice was born in Cavan County, Ireland, May, 1829; eighth child of Robert and Jane Gray; on the little farm, situated in one of the best counties in Ireland, young Gray grew to manhood; possessing that sturdy vigor peculiar to the Irish people, and to better his condition in life, in the Spring of 1849, he sailed for America; arriving in New York he made his way into the State of Ohio, remaining two years; he then plunged farther westward, and settled in Morgan County, Illinois, where he first worked by the month, and also became employed as a school teacher; in 1854, he was united in 622 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. marriage to Miss R. M. E. Stewart, daughter of Ira E. Stewart, a native of Tennessee, where Mrs. Gray was born, in the year 1833; shortly after the marriage Mr. Gray bought land in Sangamon County, comprising 70 acres, where he lived seven years, and then moved back to Morgan County, on the property he now owns, consisting of no acres; wishing to give his son the advantages of a college education, he moved to Lincoln, Logan County, Illinois, where he resided seven years; Autumn of 1875, returned again to Morgan County, and settled on the farm property heretofore mentioned, on which he erected lately a beautiful farm residence; in addition to possessions here, he also has a nice property in Lincoln; three children blessed his union with Miss Stewart, one only now living, born May 4, 1872; having the confidence of the community, he has held several offices, township treasurer, etc. TTAMILTON H. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Waverly HARDIN JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 34, P.O. Waverly. Judge Hardin was born in North Carolina, Jan. 18, 1825; at nine years of age his parents moved to Tennessee, and purchased a large tract of valuable land; at twenty-two Mr. Hardin attended an academy or seminary, receiving a liberal education; at twenty-three he became a resident of Kentucky; remained two years, part of the time employed as teacher; Nov. 9, 1849, he married Laura * Van Winkle; the following year he settled in Morgan County, Illinois, on the well- improved farm he now owns; since coming to the county Judge H. has taken a leading position; affable and courteous to all, he has the respect and good will of all who know him; for many years he was township treasurer, and also held the responsible position of associate county judge; when traitors were conniving at the downfall of the republic, John Hardin left his home for the scenes of warfare, entering the service as Second Lieutenant Co. G, joist Regt. 111. Infantry; battles, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Dalton; while in the heat of action a minnie ball on its deadly mission shat- tered his foot, making amputation neces- sary; Spring of 1863, promoted First Lieutenant; in 1864, his wife died, and during the autumn of that year Mr. H. was honorably discharged, and returned to his western home; in 1 868, he became a can- didate for county sheriff, on the Republican ticket; owning 240 acres of land, Judge Hardin now devotes his time to farming; five children: Frances E., Thos. H., John, William B., and Emma J.; Thos. deceased Hardin John J., farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wa- verly Hardin Wm. B. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wa- verly Hawkins Peter, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Hecock Presley, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Hines John, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Alexander Hobson Robert, renter, P.O. Waverly Hoff Frederick, renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Frank- lin Hood Reuben A. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Hoffstetter Charles, farm hand, P.O. New Berlin, Sangamon Co. JONES FREDERICK, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Alexander Jones Monterey C. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly TT'ANE JOHN, farm hand, P.O. Alex- *^- ander Kearnan Edward, farm hand, Sec. 5, P.O. Alexander Kenny Michael, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Kinney John, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander Klopper Henry, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. New Berlin, Sangamon Co. T OVE ARCHIBALD, renter, Sec. 5, ^ P.O. Alexander Ludwig Frederick, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander Ludwig Joseph, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Ludwig William, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Luken Casper, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Alexander LUKEN HENRY, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Alexander. Among our German speaking population none are more highly respected than Henry Luken, whose life has been characterized by up- right dealings. He was born in Hanover, TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. Germany, about 1818. In 1839 he was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Borg- stede ; in 1855 he emigrated to America on board the sailing vessel Bessell, bound for New Orleans ; arriving in New Orleans from there he proceeded to St. Louis, thence to Naples and from there made his way to Sangamon County, first working by the month, then rented property five years of W. D. Huffaker, and then purchased land and now owns 330 acres. The union of Mr. and Mrs. L., was blessed wiih eight children, five living : Casper, Carrie, Wil- liam, Henry C., and Sarah Luken Henry C., farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Alex- ander LUTTRELL JOHN W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin. The gentleman who heads this sketch was the third child of Hiram and Sarah L., who were natives of Kentucky ; were among the first settlers of Morgan County, where the subject of this notice was born, Feb. 22, 1837 ; on the farm his parents had set- tled he passed away the days of his youth. His preliminary education wa/ received in the district school and afterward com- pleted when the free school system came into vogue. When the War of the Rebel- lion came on, and the Flag of our Union was in danger, he responded to the call for volunteers and enlisted in Co. I, I4th 111. Vols., in 1861, at Jacksonville, and was there mustered into the service and shortly after went to the front and became engaged in the battle of Pittsburgh Landing, siege of Vicksburg, Big Hatchie, and many other smaller engagements. Mr. L. be- came a non-commissioned officer in the capacity of 2d Sergeant. On the 23d of June, 1864, he was honorably discharged, and mustered out of the service at Spring- Held, 111., and returned to the scenes of his early life, where he has since followed the occupation of farmer. During the Autumn of 1865 he united his fortunes to Miss Nancy Burnett, daughter of Richard and Polly Burnett. Four children blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. L. Three are now living : Sherman, Minnie E., and Grant. At this writing Mr. L. resides on his farm, composed of 150 acres well-improved land LUTTRELL SMILEY H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Waverly ; fifth child of Hiram and Sarah Luttrell, natives of Kentucky, who moved to Illinois at its earliest settling, locating at what is now known as Apple Creek. At the time of which we are writing, Hiram Luttrell was but a boy ; horse mills were then scarce and far between, and it frequently fell to the lot of the boy, young as he was, to carry the grist to the mill. As he grew to man's estate he became known for his force of character and kindness of heart. He became quite a successful farmer ; he married Miss Sarah Marston. At the time of his decease, which occurred April 22. 1876, his remains were laid to rest in the Waverly cemetery, and his widow is now residing in comfortable circumstances at Waverly, a true type of the pioneer wo- man, who had shared with her husband the hardships of their early settling, weaving and spinning the garments for the chil- dren. Smiley, roughing it in common with other boys of that period, developed great strength of character. At twenty years of age he married Miss Mary Wyatt, daughter of Martin Wyatt, an old resident of Morgan County. But habits of econo- my and industry led to his future success ; now owns 160 acres of well-improved land; six children, four living : Charles H., Geo. M., Emma M., and Luna L, TV/T ANDAVILLE EDWARD, farmhand, 1V1 P.O. Waverly MASSEY LEWIS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Franklin. Oldest son of Wm. and Nancy Massey, who were na- tives of Scott County, Kentucky, where Lewis was born about 1825; Wm. Massey was a shoemaker by trade, and also car- ried on a farm, on the homestead; young Lewis attended school; in 1836 his parents emigrated to Illinois, in a covered wagon, passing through Indiana; at the end of three weeks, located in Morgan County; a small farm was purchased; two years later the head of the family died, leaving to the care of the pioneer wife nine chil- dren to provide for; for many years the family lived in a log cabin, where the fare was simple, but their wants easily satisfied; all of his children, except Jessie and John, are residents of Morgan Co.; Lewis Massey, must necessarily have been of an energetic 624 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. [" disposition, for we find all his descendants comfortably situated in life; many of them wealthy, owing to habits of industry, which lead to wealth; the first school that Lewis Massey, jr., attended, was taught by Joel Heddington, one of the first settlers in old Morgan; before the war Mr. Massey owned tracts of land in Missouri, and in Morgan County, Illinois, some 300 acres; in 1863 he married Miss Mary Bennett, who died in 1871; six years later, married Mrs. Martha Hart, daughter of Isaac Allen; in the States of Illinois and Missouri, he owns 1000 acres of land; he takes a leading posi- tion as a farmer Massey Wm. T. farmer, Sec. P.O. Franklin McCarty John, farm hand, P.O. Alexander MCCASLAND WM. A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly. Mr. M., was the third child of Jas. H. and Jane McCasland, natives of Virginia, and South Carolina, respectively, who settled in Ind- iana, in an early day, where Wm. was born in 1833; in 1839 the family departed from the Hoosier State, wended their way to Illi- nois; in Greene County they remained a short time, and then moved near the city of Jacksonville; in after years, settled on a farm near Waverly; during this early settling, Mr. McCasland roughed it in common with his neighbors; hogs were then sold at one dollar per hun- dred, other things in proportion, which brought on considerable distress among the pioneers; in time however, the log cabin gave place to more comfortable buildings. The old people lived for many years near Waverly, where they passed the remainder of their lives; they left six children: Sarah, who married Frank Collins, who died in the service of the U. S.; Mrs. Collins afterward married Mr. Graves, and now re- sides in Missouri; John M. married Miss Mary Collins, resides in Murrayville, in Morgan County; William, who heads this sketch, married Miss Oretta Pemberton, of Oldham County, Kentucky, Jan. 17, 1858; they have eight children: Rosa, Ida, Edith, Anna, Josephine; when the war of the re- bellion came on, Mr. Me enlisted in the 38th Illinois Volunteers, Co. A, at Spring- field; it will be remembered, this regiment became engaged in many important battles of the war, and accordingly, the subject of this notice became actively engaged at Stone River, Chickamauga, Perryville, and Corinth; when the war was drawing to a close, and Sherman had driven Johnson into Georgia, the regiment remained under fire some four months; Mr. M. was also engaged in battles of Buzzard Roost, Snake Creek Gap, Resaca, Marietta, Bald Knob, and other smaller engagements; he was honorably discharged at Huntsville, Ala- bama, Feb. 7, 1865; two years later he re- turned to Morgan County, where he now resides, owning one hundred and twenty acres of well improved land; Thomas, a brother of Mr. McCasland, was killed at Murphrysboro, Tennessee McCORMECK JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly. Was born in Columbania County, Ohio, on the I5th of April, 1852; when James was eight years of age, his parents, then engaged in farming, set out for the West, and first set- tled at Galesburg, Knox County; there pur- chased 80 acres; the year 1865 found the family residents of old Morgan; settling three miles south of the town of Franklin, on a farm of 80 acres; he afterward re- moved to a farm near Springfield, Illinois, where he now resides; James, who heads this sketch, received his preliminary education at a district school, he afterward finished his education at the high school of Wa- verly; March i, 1874, h was married to Miss Sarah Beckhold; two children: Wil- liam, born June 3, 1875; Bertha, Aug. 22, 1877 MCCORMICK JAMES R. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly. In 1834, when the long lines of emigrant trains dotted the prairie, John McCormick, the father of the subject of this sketch, left his home in Kentucky, and moved to Illi- nois. He was born in 1801 ; married in Kentucky in 1829, Miss Jane W. Loch- ridge ; shortly after settled in Morgan Co., 111., near what is known as Long Point. In Kentucky Mr. M. had been a surveyor, and in Illinois he 'pursued for a time the same calling ; being a man of learning, he was held in high esteem by his neighbors. His brother, Samuel McCormick, was one of the first settlers in Cincinnati, Ohio, and there purchased a large tract of land ; owing to the rise in real estate, he became very TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 625 wealthy, and died a few years ago a mil- lionaire. Three years after his settlement, James R. McCormick died ; he left a family of six children : Elizabeth, Catherine, Nancy, Mary, John A., who enlisted on the breaking out of the war, and was killed in battle, and James R., who heads this sketch, who was born in Kentucky in 1830. The care of the family devolving upon him after the decease of his father, he perhaps saw the rough side of life more than was even common with the pioneer boy. Mr. McCormick well remembers when biscuit would be eaten but once a week on Sun- day ; the meal over, the next Sunday was anxiously looked forward to. James be- came the owner of the old homestead ; in 1864 he married Miss Sarah Smith, a daughter of Orin Smith, one of the first settlers of Little York. Mr. McCormick at one time owned 320 acres ; now owns 1 80. Six children, five living : May, Ed- ward, Orin, Ralph, and an infant child McDonald John, renter, Sec. 9, P.O. Alex- ander McDonald Thomas, renter, Sec. 9, P.O. Alex- ander Meyer August, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Alexander Miller A. J. renter, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin MOXON JOHN" (deceased), who was for many years a farmer arid stock raiser in Morgan Co., was born in Cambridgeshire, England, March 25, 1824, and there, from the time he was old enough, followed the pursuits of agriculture. At twenty-two he married Miss Mary Nicholas. In 1851, to better his fortunes, he emigrated to Amer- ica ; landing in the city of New Orleans after a long voyage ; after a voyage up the Mississipi River, they arrived at Alton, 111., where they found the river frozen, and ac- cordingly made their may into Morgan Co. by wagon. Settling near what is now known as Alexander, for three years Mr. Moxon rented property of John T. Alex- ander, the famous stock man ; at the end of this time, he concluded to go it on his own hook ; bought 80 acres, part of the property known as the Moxon estate ; here he labored for many a year, his efforts being eventually crowned with success. Aug. 20, 1862, he departed this life, leav- ing to the care of a devoted wife five chil- dren, all of whom are living ; Maria, Mary Jane, Isaac N., Elizabeth Ann, and John Phillip. The estate now comprises 180 acres, due to the untiring efforts of Mrs. M. Murray P. H. farm hand, P.O. Franklin XT TCHOLAS EPH. farmer, P.O. Frank- 1>l lin NIEHAUS AUGUST, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Alexander. The subject of this sketch is the youngest of a family of' ten children ; his parents were natives of Prussia, Germany, where August was born, about 1835 ; on the old home- stead, young Niehaus passed his boy- hood ; at twenty-two, he left his Ger- man home for America ; after a long voyage, he landed in New Orleans ; from this point to St. Louis, and thence to Morgan Co., settling in the vicinity of Alexander, where he first worked by the month. In 1861, he married Miss Minnie Meyers, daughter of Henry and Mary Meyers, natives of Germany, where Mrs. Niehaus was born, in 1842. Nine children blessed this union, seven living : Caroline, born in 1863 ; Louis, 1865 ; Louisa, 1867 ; Minnie, 1869 ; Augusta, 1872 ; Anna, 1876 ; Emma, 1878 ; Katy and Mary, deceased OERRINE LEWIS, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Plumpe Fred, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander Poolejohn H., renter, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin TD AY SILAS, farm hand, P.O. Waverly ^ Reed Thomas, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Reynolds Lewis, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Franklin Ridder Stephen, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Alex- ander Roach Thomas, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Ryan Michael, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander Ryan Michael, jr., farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander C AMPLE WILLIAM, renter, Sec. 29, P.O. ^ Franklin SANDUSKY JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Waverly ; sixth child of Jacob and Melinda Sandusky, na- tives of Kentucky, there engaged in agriculture. When the slow moving trains traversed the )prairies, en route for the 626 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. West, Jacob Sandusky gathered together his worldly goods and bid farewell to the land where had passed the best years of his life ; after weeks of travel he settled in Morgan County ; leaving a comfortable home in the South and enduring the hard- ships of a western life, it would have been strange if the thoughts of Jacob Sandusky had not turned to his sunny home in the South. He built the usual log cabin and entered eighty acres of government land ; shortly afterward moved to Greene County; for the past ten years has been a resident of Nebraska. All of the children were born in Morgan County. James, the sub- ject of this sketch was born in 1844 and grew up among the surroundings of pioneer life, receiving a liberal education. At the age of nineteen, married Miss Mary Jane Greenwood, daughter of James Greenwood. One year from this date he moved to Ne- braska and entered land at one dollar per acre. For three years he remained there, then returning to Morgan County purchased 160 acres of land in Town 14, Range 8 ; now owns 80 acres ; six children : Eddie, Albert, Dora, Ida, Mary and James SchefTerkort Joseph, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Al- exander Scott James H., farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Waverly Scott Chas. E., farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly SCOTT THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly. When the tide of emigration first turned westward Thomas Scott, accompanied by his wife, left the scenes of his youth for the fertile State of Illinois. He was born in Wayne County, Kentucky, May 22, 1809. On his venture across the prairies to Illinois he hired out as a teamster, to John Vanvvinkle; for a number of weeks he cracked his whip over the slow moving ox team, crossing the Ohio river on a flatboat propelled by pad- dles. He made his way into Morgan County, settling in the neighborhood of Jacksonville, then a small hamlet where a groceries could be obtained frequently by barter, the enterprising proprietor always glad to see a customer coming. Mr. Scott, for many years rented property as he had no capital. It was some time before he be- came able td buy. He first purchased 80 acres ; at one time Mr. Scott owned some 300 acres, and now owns 250. In 1843 his wife departed this life leaving to his care three children, Wm. H. H., Angeletca and Jas. H., the only one now living. In 1 844 he married Miss Clarissa Maxfield; five chil- dren, four living : Sarah, Elizabeth J. Chase and Maggie E. Sears Henry, farm hand, P.O. Franklin SHAFER BERNHARD, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Alexander. Mr. Shafer was born in Prussia, Germany, July 29, 1839 ; Jo- seph, his father, was a weaver by occupa- tion ; this, young Shafer followed in early youth; in 1857 he emigrated to America, landed in Baltimore, Maryland ; from there he made his way to St. Louis, thence to Morgan County, where he has since resided; in 1867 he married Miss Mary Linsey, daughter of John Linsey, of Scotland ; they have had three children, two deceased, one now living, Kate Lina Six P. C. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Waverly Slavens Isaac, renter, P.O. Waverly Sperry Charles, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Steneyer Bernard, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Ber- lin, Sangamon Co. Stewart J. W. T. farmer, P.O. Franklin Stewart A. J. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Sweet S. B. farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Franklin Switch Wm. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Franklin T^EEL JOSEPH E. farmer and stock raiser. Joseph Teel was the oldest of a family of nine children ; his father was a native of Virginia, where the subject of this sketch first saw the light, in the town of Woburn ; in his native place he passed away his youthful days ; in his igth year he married Miss Mary Johonat, who was born in Goffstown, New Hampshire ; for a num- ber of years Mr. Teel followed farming in Virginia, and also supplied the markets with country produce ; in 1854 he started for the West, and first settled in Cannelton, Indiana, becoming employed as a coal- miner ; originally it was his intention to oversee a cotton factory, to be set in opera- tion by an eastern firm, which proved a failure ; it should have been stated Mrs. Teel died in 1852, prior to Mr. Teel's de- parture for the West ; by this marriage five children, four of whom are now living : Albert, married Miss Jane Read, and now TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 627 resides in Centralia, Mo. ; Mary W., mar- ried James Bowland, and resides in Iowa ; Ann Eliza, married Joseph Pile, of Pike County, Illinois, and James, married Ma- tilda Beasely, of Morgan County ; by sec- ond marriage, nine children : Fanny, who married Monterey Jones, of Boone County, Missouri ; Margaret, Valeria, Charles, and Bertha. In 1856, Mr. Teel moved to Mor- gan County ; he first became a renter ; in in 1860 he had the misfortune to lose his all by fire ; in his misfortune he had the sympathy of all, being held in high esteem by his many friends For many years of his life Mr. Teel worked early and late to supply the wants of a growing family ; al- though not owning as large a property as some, owning 160 acres of well improved land, gotten together by years of labor that would have discouraged men of less energy; it may be well to mention here the son of Mr. Teel, Albert, enlisted in Company I, 32d Illinois Infantry, at Springfield, Illi- nois, for three years service ; from this reg- iment he was honorably discharged, and joined the lOist Regiment, participating in battles of Shiloh, Plymouth, and many other smaller engagements ; he was honorably discharged at Camp Butler ; James also enlisted in the loth Illinois Cavalry, at Camp Butler, in service on the frontier of Texas Thornton Wm. farm hand, P.O. Waverly WAN WINKLE, H. L. farmer, Sec. 29, P. * Franklin VAN WINKLE JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Waverly. Among theoriginal pioneers was John Van Winkle; he was born in Jefferson County, Georgia, March 23, 1804; it is probable his father was a native of New Jersey, and his mother of Georgia; in 1804, the family moved to Kentucky, and there purchased land, and erected the common log cabin; there the family worked early and late, to provide necessaries; as they lived in between the mountains, it was no uncommon occurrence to see bear and panther; the clothing wove and spun by the women was exceedingly comfortable, and looked well; at twenty Mr. Van Winkle married Miss Lovisa Pemberton, who was born in Virginia; shortly after the ceremony, in 1826, at a time when but very few had set the example, they set out for Illinois, his wife traversing the distance on horseback, while he drove a covered wagon ; after various incidents in the way of travel, the little party settled on the Mauvaisterre, near Jacksonville, where Mrs. Van Winkle would frequently go, in an ox wagon, to lay in a supply of provisions; the cabins were sometimes far apart, but the people met at a raising, and the laugh and joke went round: for the pioneers who have contributed so much to the present prosperity of the country it is a pleasant task to look back to the past, noting in imagination the successive stages of improvement; in the log hut where now stands the large residence of J.T. Holmes, the family spent many happy years* and there many of their children were born; one incident in the life of John Van Winkle may be of interest; during the winter of the deep snow, being a large man, he would frequently break through the crust formed on the top; to avoid that he pro- cured some boards the necessary length, and attached them to his feet; this was a bad move, for although he did not break through as frequently, when once down it became a great deal more difficult to regain the surface; Mr. Van Winkle raised a family of eight children, seven of whom are now living: Mary, Sophronie, Simeon, Richard, Simpson, William, and Martin; Mr. V. is one of the most conscientious men of this county, and is very comfort- ably situated in life, owning 200 acres ; has owned 400 or more Van Winkle Martin, farmer, P.O. Waverly Van Winkle M. A. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Franklin VAN WINKLE N. B. (deceased); among the many adventurous men who sought a home in the West, came the sub- ject of this sketch; he was born in Wayne County, Kentucky, November II, 1802; on the old homestead were passed the youth- ful days of Mr. Van Winkle; there he received rather a more liberal education than usually falls to the lot of most farmer boys; on arriving at maturity he made his way to Missouri, and there married Miss Sarah Crow, daughter of James and Rhoda Crow, on the 27th of November, 1832; the following December he settled in the 628 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. bounds of Morgan County, on what is now known as the Van Winkle estate; the cabin erected by them was a fair sample of those then in use; it contained neither nail, brick, nor sawed board; the floor was constructed of puncheon, a clapboard roof being in use; a year later, a hewed log house was built, more attractive and com- fortable; Mr. Van Winkle was one of those men of rare energy and judgment, and accumulated a large property; the broad, uncultivated prairie soon gave place to the well improved farm; in time came churches and school houses, and emigrants began to enjoy life; it is quite likely Mr. Van Winkle had more capital than usually fell to the lot of the pioneer; he first taught a school on the. Mauvaisterre, and then bought 120 acres of land; after a long and successful battle with the world, he departed this life September 22, 1872; he left an estate of 538 acres; he was a very successful farmer; the cabin entered by the family is still standing; in 1869, this gave place to the beautiful residence now owned by the widow and heirs; six children: Micajah, Rhoda L., Maty E., Martin A., Henry L., and Jacob E. Van Winkle Richard, farmer, P.O. Wa- verly VIOLETT WILLIAM, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Franklin; third child of Thornton and Mary Violett, natives of Kentucky and Indiana respectively; in the State of Indiana young Violett was born, February 16, 1830; same year the family set out for Illinois, in a covered wagon; they located, on arrival, near Jacksonville, Morgan County, on farm property; when old enough William attended a subscription school; at twenty-four he married Miss Sarah Huddlestone, of Morgan County; when the war broke out Mr. Violett enlisted in Co. F, I2gth Regt. 111. Infantry, in 1862, remaining in the service three years, becoming engaged in some of the most im- portant battles of the war, such as Resaca, Burnt Hickory, etc., etc.; on the close of the war he was honorably discharged, at Washington, D. C., disbanded at Chicago, Illinois, and returned to Morgan County, where he has since resided; owns no acres of land; names of children in order of birth: George, Mary Ann, Louisa, Lyman, Marshall, Newton, Julia, Nettie, and Arthur Votsmeyer Henry, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander JOHN", farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander; was born in Tipperary County, Ireland, where his parents presided over a small farm; he received a liberal education in subscription schools; September, 1849, in his nineteenth year, he emigrated to America, landing in New Orleans; from this point he made his way to Vicksburg, Mississippi, thence to St. Louis, from St. Louis to Morgan County, settling near Jacksonville, where he first worked for Field Samples, in a brick yard, for $13.00 per month; for Theodore Stout he worked nearly seven years, and there procured his first start in life; for a short time he became a resident of Sangamon County; on his return to Mor- gan County he rented the Roger farm, now belonging to the Strawns; there he married Johannah Leahy; in 1864, he bought So acres of land, part of the property he now owns; adding to this, he now owns 120 acres; for the past nine years has been school director WAL.SH THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander; Mr. W. was born in Limerick County, Ireland, in 1819; there he became employed on his father's farm, from the time he could handle a plow; his education was received in sub- scription schools; on reaching man's estate he left the little green spot so dear to every Irish heart, situated near to the broad At- lantic; he first went to Montreal, Canada, and from there by way of the lakes to Vermont, where he married Miss Mary Gluly ; from Vermont he made his way into Morgan County, Illinois; five children, three now living: James, Morris, and Hannorah; Mrs. W. died in 1859, and the following year he married Bridget Carroll; by the second marriage ten chil- dren, eight living: Mary, Catherine, Michael, Lizzie, Thomas, John, William, and Patrick; it may be well to mention in the life history of Mr. Walsh, that wages were low, money scarce, and many a month he toiled on for eight dollars per month; he is now a very successful farmer, owning TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 629 240 acres, acquired by an industry that would have discouraged men of less energy Way Charles, farm hand, P.O. Berlin, Sanga- mon Co. Welch John, renter, Sec. 7, P.O. Alexander Wells H. H., farmer, P.O. Franklin White John, farm hand, P. O. Franklin Whitlock Geo., renter, P.O. Waverly Whitlock John, farm hand, P.O. Waverly Wilhite Benjamin (colored), Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly Wilmoth G. E. farm hand, Sec. 26, P.O. Franklin Wilson Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Franklin Wilson George, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Woods A. J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Franklin WOODS JAMES J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Waverly ; oldest son of M. F. and Sarah Y. Woods. He was born in Morgan County, Nov. 29, 1857 ; the father of James, M. F. Woods, is one of the early settlers of Morgan Co., a stirring business man, who, for a num- ber of years was a merchant in Waverly. James went through the usual routine of farm work, and the usual course of study in a district school ; at 22 he became the owner of 160 acres of valuable land ; Jan. 5, 1870, he was married to Miss Mary E. Luttrell, daughter of Hiram and Sarah Luttrell. Two children: Charles C., born Aug. 12, 1874, J. J., born May 12, 1877 WOODS SAMUEL C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Waverly. The subject of this sketch was the fourth son of Michael and Martha Woods, natives of Kentucky, where Samuel was born July 2, 1816 ; receiving a liberal education, at 21, possessed of an enterprising spirit, he con- cluded to follow the fortunes of the old pioneers to the western prairies, and in company with a party of emigrants he set out on horseback. Crossing the Ohio on a flatboat, he wended his way to Illinois, settling in the vicinity of Waverly, Mor- gan County, where he first worked by the month for William Woods, an uncle, for some six months, attending school the bal- ance of the year. For M. F. Woods, a brother and merchant at Waverly, he worked some two years, and then branched off for himself, turning his attention to ag- riculture. July, 1849, ne married Miss Ma- ria Branson of Sangamon County, a daughter of John and Mary Branson ; one child, Maria Isabel, who married Platt S. Carter, jr., of Sangamon County, Aug. 5, 1875. Mrs. Woods departed this life and was laid to rest in the cemetery of Waverly Jan., 1877. He married Mrs. Mary E. Jackson of Audrian County, Mo., relict of W. G. Jackson of Boone County, an esti- mable man, whose death occurred Oct. 28, 1869. He was the son of Col. Francis F. Jackson of Clark County, Ky. Mrs. Jack- son, now Mrs. Woods, was born near Lex- ington, Ky., March, 1827 ; her parents na- tives of Kentucky, and Maryland, the father a man of influence and wealth ; in 1852, the partner of his joys and sorrows was laid at rest ; in 1867, the husband also passed to his reward; a man of sociable and generous disposition, he was regretted by a large circle of friends. Following the for- tunes of Mr. Woods, for many years after his first marriage, he became engaged as a merchant at Waverly; retiring from this in 1857. he purchased a farm of 180 acres, the property he now owns, and which he has brought to a high state of cultivation WRIGHT JAS. (deceased). Among the many early pioneers of Morgan Co., came the subject of this sketch, who de- serves more than a passing notice. By those who knew him he is described as a man of strong determination and iron will. Making his way from Kentucky in compa- ny with other emigrants, he traveled west- ward. He was born in Virginia, settfed in Kentucky at an early day, and there formed the acquaintance of Miss Sarah Head, daughter of John A. and Mary Head, whom he married Sept. 25, 1830. Reaching Illinois after weeks of traveling, Mr. Wright settled some two miles south of Franklin. In a short time a primitive log cabin loomed up on the sparsely settled prairie. At this date he was cptemporary with the early settlers. Leaving a com- fortable home in the South, both husband and wife found it at times a difficult task to attend to the duties of a farm and care for the stock. It may be well to men- tion that the cabin entered was a very rude affair, with a puncheon floor, a clapboard 630 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. door in use to^be sure it hung on a wooden hinge, and perhaps was not so common as those that graced the man- sions of some of his neighbors. The ta- bles and chairs were of the usual order ; the place, however, bore an air of neatness that always made the little home attract- ive. In time land rose in value and more substantial buildings began to appear. A history of the life of Mr. Wright would be incomplete were we not to mention the early incidents connected with his career. Once a year, sometimes twice, he would take a trip to St. Louis, distant about ninety miles. At times it became neces- sary to drive a drove of hogs to the St. Louis market. On the return trip he laid in a good stock of provisions; cloth- ing was then wholly made by the pioneer wife. In time, however, the spinning jenny gave place to the loom, and other improvements became manifest. In 1872 Mr. Wright died and was laid to rest in the Franklin cemetery. His death was universally regretted by all who formed his acquaintance. He left an estate of 400 acres. On the old homestead Mrs. Wright is still living. There are eight children living: A. H., B. F., Wm. H., J. A., G. M., T. B., Maggie and Pamelia. Sarah Wright resides on Sec. 30, P.O. address, Franklin Wright J. Abner, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Waverly Wright John A. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Frank- lin Wright Matilda, widow Shelby Wright, Sec. 31, P.O. Waverly Wright T. B. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Franklin WYATT B. W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Waverly; eighth child of Thomas and Rebecca Wyatt, natives of Kentucky. Prior to the deep snow the Wyatt family followed the tide of emigra- tion westward, settling in Morgan County, near what is now the City of Jacksonville, suffering great hardships, often going with- out the necessaries of life. It would not have been strange had Mr. Wyatt turned back to his native place, but in- stead he went steadily forward, and in time came success. He passed away, April 28, 1878. After a long and event- ful life he passed away, leaving to the care of his wife, who now lives in Virden, Ma- coupin County, a large property. B. W. Wyatt, who heads this sketch, was edu- cated at district schools. At 23 married Miss Lizzie Duggan, who died some years ago, and was laid to rest in Springfield, 111. At 28 he married Miss Louisa Kennedy ; one child y ONKER STEPHEN, farm hand, P.O. Alexander TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. A LFORD WM. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. -** Franklin Allison Geo. carpenter and joiner, Sec. 20, P.O. Pisgah Antle James, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Pisgah Arthur Josiah B. blacksmith, P.O. Franklin Austin Ely, miller, P.O. Franklin "DACON ELIJAH, farm hand, Sec. 29, ' P.O.Jacksonville Baglen Antoine, farmhand, P.O. Franklin Barton John, renter, P.O. Franklin Beerup Andrew, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Beerup Chas. farm hand, P.O. Franklin Beerup Douglas, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Beerup John, blacksmith, P.O. Franklin Belt Wm. J. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans Benson Wm. B. farmer, Sec. I. P.O. Alexan- der Blalock Nancy Mrs. P.O. Franklin Bond Jas. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin Bonds Wm. lab. P.O. Franklin Bourland Henry T. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Franklin BOURLANJ} P. G-. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Bour- land was born in Kentucky, Aug. 31, 1827; Miles Bourland the father, by occupation was a farmer; thinking to better his for- tune, in the Winter of 1830 he set out for Illinois, traversing the entire distance by wagon; below St. Louis the emigrants cross- ed the river on the ice; in the spring of the year th-y settled on the broad plains of Illinois, about two miles southwest of Franklin; they first took up their abode in a log cabin, and immediately began to clear away the timber; the following winter, the deep snow set in, which caused much suffering; at the tender age of six years, young Bourland attended a subscription school, held in a log cabin, where the seats were low and awkwardly constructed, and which required considerable agility on the part of the scholars, to balance themselves upon; at twenty-seven Mr. Bourland mar- ried Miss Nancy Ramsey of Ohio; two children blessed this union: Leah and Katie. Mrs. Bourland died, and was buried in the cemetery, at Franklin; during the Spring of 1863 he married Susan Seymour, six children were born of this marriage, four of whom are living; two dying in early infancy; for two terms Mr. B. be- came a school teacher, and during the Mormon uprising took an active part BOWYEB JACOB, during his life was a leading farmer of Morgan County, who emigrated from Kentucky to Madison County, 111., as early as 1816 and settled in Morgan County two years later; shortly after his arrival in Illinois, he united his fortunes with Miss Elizabeth Samples, and after his marriage settled on what is now known as the Bowyer estate; at that date there were no counties, and it will be remembered the State itself had not been admitted into the Union until that year. There, building a log cabin, they passed many years of their lives; gradually emigrants came to the county, and towns and cities sprang up as if by magic; during the early settlement it was no uncommon occurrence to go to St. Louis, and there lay in a stock of groceries, and go to mill, the distance being 90 miles; settlers would take turns in going, so as not to interfere more than was possible in the work of the farm; the capital of Mr. Bowyer could then be easily carried; but his wants were few and easily supplied; as the years went by, he acquired by dint of hard labor and self- denial, a fine property; about the year 1834 Mis. Bowyer died, leaving to the care of her husband four children: Thomas B., John B., Washington and James; some years after he married Millie G. Masters, they lived together fourteen years, when the second wife taking ill with fever, also died, leaving one child; in 1864 he mar- ried Mrs. Judith Davis of Morgan County, 632 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. whose former husband set out for Cumber- land, Tenn., as he never returned it is sup- posed he was murdered; by her first mar- riage Mrs. Bowyer had three children: Elleanor, Elizabeth, and Amanda; James, the youngest by first marriage, now living on the old homestead, is the owner of 149 acres, he married Emily Spaenhower, of Morgan County; three children: Sarah E., William T., and Mary Jane BOWYER WILLIAM, deceased. As we look about us at the present day, witnessing the vast changes that have taken place in the county, how little do we think of the hardships endured by the pioneer, to bring it to its present stage of prosperity. In 1833, when but few white covered wagons traveled westward. Wm. Bowyer, accompanied by his wife and three children, set out for Illinois, not knowing what fare he should find or hard- ships would in after years fall to his lot. Traveling with an ox team, at the end of six weeks he located in Morgan County, as a permanent resident, in the vicinity of Waverly; two years prior to this he had visited the county. On the farm now oc- cupied by Matt Kennedy, he built the usual log cabin. At times it became ex- tremely difficult to adapt themselves to their rude western home; arriving without a dollar, Mr. Bowyer procured the necessa- ries of life by barter. Did the early set- tler become unfortunate, willing hands were always ready to assist. Like nearly all the early settlers, in due process of time he became the owner of a comfortable estate. He died in the Autumn of 1849; tne prop- erty reverted to his wife. This sketch would be incomplete were we to omit the many good qualities of Mr. Bowyer; his kindness of heart was well known, and no man in need was ever turned away from his door; when he died the county lost one of its most useful citizens. His wife sur- vived him many years, and passed off the stage of life in 1873; her death was univer- sally regretted. The estate is now divided among his children; John died in 1848; James was killed at the battle of Dallas, in 1863; Joseph and George reside in Mor- gan County; Joseph owns 130 acres; March 15, 1855, he married Miss Malinda Jones, daughter of Robert Jones, one of the first settlers of Morgan County; seven children blessed this union, six now living: Charles, John, Lou, Ida, Jessie, and Adda. Mr. Bowyer was born in Adair County, Ken- tucky, Dec. 15, 1832 Boyer Jas. farmer, P.O. Franklin Boyer Jas. W. farmer, P.O. Pisgah Boyer John A. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jackson- ville BOYER THOMPSON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. n, P.O. Pisgah. Over half a century ago, in the year 1820, the parents of Mr. Boyer settled in Morgan Co., near the present farm residence of Judge Wood, entered a homestead of gov- ernment land, and erected thereon a log cabin of the usual description. In that rude structure young Boyer first saw the light, in November, 1825. For a number of years the family lived comfortable here; before the deep snow set in, moved into a hewn log building, where the old people lived for many years, and in Morgan Co. passed the remainder of their days. The date of the mother's death is uncertain, but is supposed to be in 1842 ; and the father (Jacob) died in the Spring of the present year, 1878. There are now living five children: John, a black- smith by trade, a resident of Missouri ; Thompson, and Washington, who are resi- dents of California ; James resides on the Boyer estate ; Thompson married Miss So- phronie Luttrell, daughter of Lot and Susan Luttrell, who were raised in Kentucky, there married, and removed to Illinois in an early day. Mr. Luttrell acquired a fine property, and was universally respected by all in the community where he lived ; he died in 1862, after a long life of usefulness. The wife still survives, living with the sub- ject of this sketch. The union of Mr. Boyer with Miss Luttrell was blessed with five children : Henry, Mary Jane, James W., George W., and Charles M. Braswell Ben. J. retired farmer, Franklin Brasswell James, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Bridges Susanah, laundress, Franklin Bridges William, lab. Franklin Briley Thomas, farm hand, Sec, 10, P.O. Pisgah BROWN THOMAS C. farmer and breeder of short-horn cattle and fine sheep. The subject of this sketch was'the youngest TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 633 of a family of ten children ; he was born near the city of York, England, in the year 1816. Remaining on his father's farm up to the age of thirty, he married Elizabeth Wilson, daughter of John Wilson, who was by occupation a carpenter and joiner. Tak- ing passage on board a sailing vessel, in 1846, he arrived in New Orleans after a voyage of several weeks ; remaining a short time there, then made his way to what was then the far western State of Illinois ; he first settled at Indian Creek, in Morgan Co., renting land for two years there ; he then removed to the farm he now owns ; at this date he would often go twenty miles to a horse-mill, where grain was ground for early settlers ; he relates that there then stood an old water-mill on Indian Creek, perhaps the only one in the county at that time ; on the Mauvaisterre, also, a horse- mill was erected, where the settlers would go to get their grist ground ; they would sometimes remain two or three days, amus- ing themselves while there pitching quoits, and other like diversions. After many years of hard labor, he became the owner of 270 acres of as choice land as can be found any where, and as a farmer is a success, doing his work systematically and energetically. Coming to America with no capital, it is to his credit that he has succeeded so well in life. One child, Charles W. born April 2, 1850. BRUNK J. T. livery and feed stable, Franklin; son of Jesse and Naomi, natives of Kentucky and Maryland, respectively. Mr. B. was born in the year 1829, in Kentucky ; his parents moved there at an early day, and in 1831 removed to Morgan Co., arriving there during the winter of the deep snow ; shortly after his arrival the head of the family purchased land, in due course of time, and became a very successful farmer. The subject of this sketch was educated in subscription schools, attending the school presided over by Manual Metcalf ; before coming of age he became a farmer ; at nine- teen married Martha D'epledge, daughter of Jonathan Depledge, and by her had three children : Mary N., Jonathan, and J. T. Mrs. Brunk passed off the stage of life some years ago. In 1859 he married Evelyn Jolly, daughter of Eliza Jolly, of Franklin ; by last marriage four children : Elisha E., Charles E., Nettie A. and Wil- liam C. Mr. Brunk first went into busi- ness at Orleans Station, Morgan Co.; in Franklin was a grocer for a number of years ; in 1876 opened a livery stable the only one in town. Mr. B. is above the average height, attaining the stature of six feet and seven inches Buchanan Hardin, renter, P.O. Franklin Buchanan Thomas B. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Pisgah Burch James, constable, Franklin Burch Willis, lab. Franklin Burk John, farm hand, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin Busey William, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville HOOPES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Pisgah. The subject of this sketch was the oldest mem- ber of a family of seven children, and the only one now living ; he was born in Ches- ter Co., Pa., June 26, 1809 ; his father by occupation, was a farmer, in good circum- stances. Up to the age of sixteen, young Carlyle remained on the farm ; he then be- came apprenticed to the trade of scythe- making, and served five years, becoming a skillful workman ; removing to Vincent, he formed the acquaintance of Miss Margaret Cooper ; they were married in February, 1834; the following year went to Phoenix- ville, and there he worked twelve years ; In 1852 he set out, accompanied by his family, for Illinois ; traveling by rail and by water through Pittsburgh, they arrived at Naples, 111.; from there made their way to Morgan Co., settling near Franklin on the farm now owned by Mr. Carlyle ; pur- chasing 40 acres then, now owns 130 acres ; eight children, seven living : James, now a resident of Morgan Co., farmer by occupa- tion, served four years in the late war of rebellion, cavalry service ; Ezra, who be- came a minister of considerable promi- nence ; Samuel D., who became a physi- cian, now a resident of Palmyra, 111. ; Phoebe, who married George Gibson, a school-teacher, and who also manages the farm property of Mr. Carlyle; Amanda, married William Stott, and now resides in Chester Co., Pa. Carson Andrew, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Jacksonville 634 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Childers Mathew, farm hand, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah C LARK Dr. pastor M. E. Church, Frank- lin, was the second son of William and Elizabeth Clark, of Albany, N. Y., where the subject of this sketch was born. The father of Dr. Clark was a very successful farmer, educated, who in his time was the associate and friend of some of the leading men of America ; he was the classmate of Martin Van Buren, afterward president of the U.S.; his acquaintance with Mr. Van Buren soon ripened into a cordial friendship. Thomas Benton, who was af- terward United States Senator from Mis- souri, was also in earlv life an intimate friend, being a relative on the wife's side, and who was the grand-uncle of the sub- ject of this sketch. In the war of 1812, the elder Clark took a prominent part, and served as a staff-officer under Gen.Winfield Scott, who afterward achieved so much fame in the war with Mexico. On his retire- ment from the army, he settled down to a quiet agricultural life. In business he was systematic, believing what was worth doing at all was worth doing well ; a man of un- swerving integrity, having the respect of all who formed his acquaintance. Dr. Clark, who heads this sketch, is said to resemble his father in features, and of the same height and weight. In 1840, the family settled near Quincy, 111., and here Mr. Clark shortly after died, and was laid at rest in the Menden cemetery ; his wife, who had been his companion for half a century, still survives, residing on her farm near Quincy, and is upward of eighty years of age. Dr. Clark received his pre- liminary education in Chatauqua Co., N. Y. ; at nineteen, married Miss Hannah Steel, of Chatauqua Co. The dream of the farmer boy was to become proficient in theology and medicine ; his father had died, leaving the family in somewhat moderate circumstances, and the care of the family devolved upon the youth ; often he has worked hard all day, and then studied dur- ing the greater portion of the evening ; in time he became a ripe scholar, and a gradu- ate of the theological conference ; for twen- ty-one years he has held the pastorate of different churches, during which time he also practiced as a physician and surgeon. The union of Dr. Clark to Hannah Steel was blessed with two children, who died from typhoid fever in Ottawa, 111. Clark Stephen C. farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Alex- ander CLARK AVILLIAM C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. i, P.O. Alexander. Born in Athens Co., Ohio, Oct. 6, 1818, where his parents moved at an early day. In 1822, the Clark family came to Ross Co., Ohio, and thence to Licking Co.; here the old folks remained until they passed off the stage of life. Young Clark there turned his attention to farming ; Oct. 15, 1843, married Miss Elizabeth Pence, daughter of Abraham Pence, a native of Virginia; in the Autumn of 1845, he settled in Menard Co.; Nov. 8, 1846, settled in the vicinity of where Alexander is now located ; in 1850, purchased land ; in 1845, Mrs. Clark died ; in 1851, he married Miss Sarah J. Samples, daughter of Andrew and Nancy Samples, who were among the early pioneers of Morgan Co.; this was the year of cholera in Morgan Co., from which his second wife died, on the 5th of July ; on the 22d of February, 1852, he married Miss Sarah Samples, daughter of Jacob and Pollie Samples. For several years Mr. Clark was town trustee ; is the owner of 120 acres of valuable property Clayton Francis, boarding house, P.O. Frank- lin Clayton Geo. farmer, P.O. Franklin Clayton Jas. farmer, P.O. Franklin Clayton Jas. N. farmer, P.O. Franklin Clayton Wm. farmer, P.O. Franklin Clayton Wm. C. farmer, Sec. 26, P. O. Jack- sonville COATES JOB, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Pisgah. The subject of this sketch was the youngest of a family of nine children, his father was a farmer in good circumstances, in Yorkshire, Eng- land, where young Coates was born, Nov. 23, 1848; at the early age of twenty-two he took passage on board the steamship City of Washington, for America; the trip was made in a short time; at the end of fourteen days, he landed in Morgan; he first worked by the month; for three years he rented farm property; at the end of five years he made a purchase of 160 acres of prairie and ten acres of timber; since the TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 635 purchase was made, Mr. Coates has put in many days of hard labor; possessed of that energetic disposition that characterizes the English farmer, his venture in America proved successful; he now owns 210 acres of well improved land; on coming to America, he had nothing comparatively speaking, and his success for one who is still in the prime of life, speaks well for his enterprise Cole Edward, farm hand, P.O. Jacksonville CONKLE MICHAEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Jacksonville. Third child of Henry and Mary Conkle, who were natives of Pennsylvania; after- ward moved to Ohio, and were there mar- ried; for many years Henry Conkle fol- lowed the occupation of farmer and team- ing, near Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio, where Michael was born, Oct. 7, 1830; in 1843 the family moved westward, and located near Jacksonville, 111., Mor- gan County, where the old people passed the remainder of their days; for seven years Michael worked for Rufus Calif, a prom- inent farmer in Piatt County, an exten- sive cattle dealer; while here was princi- pally engaged in cattle buying, and trading in cattle; for many years he became asso- ciated in cattle speculations with John T. Alexander, and afteiward with his sons; For Mr. M. F. Woods he also shipped cat- tle to New York, having made arrange- ments with the well known A. M. Aller- ton of New York city, and H. M. Staly, of Morgan County; becoming quite success- ful in 1866, he leased over one thousand acres of land from Gates, Strawn and David.and also continued his cattle specula- tions; he of course met with reverses, but was a shrewd buyer, and universally suc- ceeded in his ventures; in 1871 he was mar- ried to Miss Sarah Parsley, daughter of William J. and Elizabeth Parsley, natives of Tennessee; in 1876 he purchased the estate of Robert Morrison, where he now resides; the property comprises two hun- dred and sixty-five acres, on which was erected by Mr. Morrison, a beautiful res- idence; children: Luada and Jenny Conlee Alvan, farmer, P.O. Pisgah Conlee Whitfield, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Connolly Arsula, Sec. 10, P.O. Jacksonville COONS J. M. The subject of this sketch was born in Morgan County. Illi- nois, near the city of Jacksonville, on the I3th day of November, 1835; he is the eldest son of Joseph Coons, who was born in the State of Ohio, Hamilton County, near the city of Cincinnati, on the igthday of February, 1807; was raised in and re- mained near the same place (was married to Miss Sophia McCullough, on the 22d day of May, 1832) until the year 1834, when he came to the State of Illinois; stopped for a short time near Jacksonville; from there (in the year 1836) he moved to Macoupin County, Illinois; entered land three miles northeast of Scottville, is still living on the same place, and is still enjoy- ing good health; can say what but few men of his age can say: he has raised a family of nine children, the oldest now forty-five, and the youngest twenty-three years of age, without the loss of one; five daughters and four sons. The subject of this sketch was raised on the above named farm in Macoupin County, Illinois, and living in what was then a new country, did not have the advantages of an early educa- tion; but being a lover of books he made considerable progress in his studies, and when about eighteen years old he applied himself diligently to procure a liberal education; being then old enough to see and appreciate the same, he soon qualified himself for teaching, which occupation he followed successfully for about four years; in the Fall of 1858, he went to Ohio to visit relatives, and while there again applied himself to school; in the Spring of 1859, he graduated from R. S. Bacon's commercial college, of Cincinnati; in the fall of the same year he returned to Illinois, and again taught school; was married to Miss Lucinda Smith (second daughter of Elder Samuel Smith, of Macoupin County, Illinois), on the 22d of February, 1860; after marriage followed farming until 1866, when he came to Franklin, Morgan County, Illinois; went into the milling business, which occu- pation he followed until the Spring of 1876, when he went into the business he now follows, to-wit: dealer in groceries, drugs, hardware, tobacco, cigars, notions, etc., etc.; Mr. and Mrs. Coons have had six children, four living: Lullie Alice, twelve years old; 636 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. John L., ten years; Nellie H., eight years, and Joanna May, four years Cox Albert, farmer and stock raiser, -P.O. Alexander Cox Coriden, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jackson- ville Cox David M. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Orleans Cox Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jackson- ville Craig Maria Mrs. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Jacksonville CRISWELL WILLIAM, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Franklin; fourth son of Geo. and Jane Criswell; Geo. was born in Alabama, and his wife a native of Tennessee, and who settled in Morgan County prior to the deep snow; the father first entered land from the Government, then married his present wife, Miss Jane Merideth; shortly after, a log cabin was erected on the sparsely settled prairie; Mr. Criswell was an enterprising, energetic man, and became the owner of a fine estate; he and his wife are now living in township 13-9; as his name appears in the historical portion of this volume, we now follow the fortune of William; in 1866, he was united in marriage to Miss Anna Deer; this union was blessed with five children, four of whom are living: Elden, Elmer, Alice, and Charles; in 1861, Mr. Criswell enlisted in Co. 1, I4th Regt. 111. Infantry, three years' service; at the siege of Vicksburg, and many other small engagements of the war; as non-commissioned officer he was honorably discharged at Spring- field, Illinois, June, 1864 ; Mr. Criswell owns 90 acres of well improved land Cross Wesley, renter, P.O. Franklin -p\ABLEY DAWSON, during his life was a farmer, who resided in the township of Franklin; he was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1817; during the Winter of 1844, he was married to Eliza- beth Smith; the same year he emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans; from there, in company with John Lacy, he made his way into the State of Illinois, and settled on Indian Creek, and worked for a man by the name of Emerson, who built the first mill on that stream; he worked two years, and then began farming on his own account; about 1852, Mrs. Darley passed off the stage of life, leaving to her husband's care four children: Benjamin, George, Robert, and William; in 1858, he was united in marriage to Sarah Dods- worth, daughter of Thomas Dodsworth, a native of England; by this marriage five children, four of whom are living: Ann Isabel, Samuel, Elizabeth, and Edward Lambert; in 1875, Mr. Darley died, and was laid at rest in the Davis cemetery; this sketch is obtained from the second wife of Mr. Darley, who resides in Franklin town- ship Darley George, farmer, P.O. Franklin Darley Thomas, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Pisgah Davenport David, farmer, P.O." Alexander Davenport D. K. renter, P.O. Alexander Davenport J. F. farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Alex- ander Davenport John, farm hand, P.O. Orleans DAVENPORT MERRILL C. Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans. In an early day Ephraim andSallie Davenport emigrated from North Carolina to Kentucky, where Merrill was born, March 7, 1834, and where the father remained during his life; the mother still survives, living with the subject of this sketch; in Kentucky Mr. Davenport passed many years of his life; while there was united in marriage, April 12, 1860, to Eliza- beth Ray, daughter of Jordon Ray; during the war Mr. Davenport lived in Kentucky, in 1808, located in Morgan County, Illinois, in the vicinity of Orleans, and there for the first four years rented property, but in time became the owner of a farm of 119 acres; eight children: Clahaugh, Samuel, James, Parrella, Charles, George H., Cora, and infant child Davenport Milton C. farmer and minister, Sec. 9, P.O. Jacksonville Davenport M. C. school teacher, residence Franklin township Davis John B. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jackson- ville Davis John B. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Devine Patrick, farm hand, P.O. Pisgah Dickinson Jacob, postmaster Franklin Dickinson H. L. Miss, teacher, P.O. Franklin Dicks Thomas, renter, Sec. 10, P.O. Pisgah Donahue William, farm hand, P.O. Franklin Donnegan Anthony, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 637 Dougherty Seborn, renter, P.O. Franklin Douglas Alexander, renter, P.O. Alexander Doyle Owen, renter, Sec. 13, P.O Franklin Doyle Thomas, farm hand, Sec. 17, P.O. Pisgah DUER WILLIAM R. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Pisgah. The gentleman whose name stands at the head of this sketch was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, May 12, 1836; Robert D., the father of William, was then a practicing physician, and the owner of an extensive sugar and cotton plantation; a native of Virginia, where he received a liberal education, who moved to Louisiana in early manhood; for many years he transacted business on a large scale, and as a business man ranked high among the prominent men of the South, becoming very wealthy; at Baton Rouge his children were born, and there passed many years of their life, and where his wife died; in 1848, the family, com- prising six children, moved to Cincinnati; shortly after his arrival he also passed away, leaving a large estate, which was divided among the children; in 1856, William R. came to Morgan County, and" at once turned his attention to the pursuit of agri- culture; the first year worked for his board, and came to the conclusion he earned it; rented a farm three years; at the end of that time he bought, in connection with John C. Duer, over 700 acres of prairie and timbered land; for a while they managed this large tract together; it afterward be- came divided, William retaining over 300 acres; in May, 1861, married Miss Mary C. Brown, daughter of Bedford Brown, a native of Kentucky; five children, all are living: Robert, Carrie, Willie, John, and Mamie Duncan Wm. school teacher, P.O. Franklin Duncan Adeline Mrs. widow, Franklin DYER WM. W. farmer and' stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Pisgah. Mr. Dyer was born in East Tennessee, January, 1836 ; parents were natives of Tennessee and there at one time owned a farm. In 1840 they turned their faces to the Far West, making the trip in a covered wagon, or prairie schooner, peculiar to the times. They located in the vicinity of Jackson- ville, Morgan County, where in his boy- hood the subject of this notice had often B 2 turned his horses loose to graze, and where at this early date, the cars were drawn by a mule team. For many years the head of the family rented, but in time became the owner of property. On the homestead, Mr. Dyer grew to manhood. In his 2ist year he married Miss Harriet S. McClurg, daughter of Asa McClurg who was a res- ident of Ohio, where Mrs. Dyer was born. For the past fifteen years Mr. Dyer has become the owner of a valuable farm prop- erty ; owns 144 acres on which he has erected, lately, a large residence. Possess- ing that spirit of enterprise which charac- terized the early pioneer, he has gained many friends in the community where he resides. For many years he has been a veterinary surgeon, skillfully treating many difficult cases of diseases peculiar to horses. Eleven children blessed this union ; William, Rebecca, James H., Charles F., Josephine, George W., David E., Mary R., John, Alice, Ida May, de- ceased. p BREY THOS. farmer, Sec. 20, P. O. *-* Pisgah BANNING JAS. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Franklin Fanning Jas. P. farmer, P.O, Franklin Fleming Jos. farm hand, P.O. Jacksonville Franklin Charles, renter, P.O. Pisgah FROMME WILLIAM (deceased). During his life was a farmer in the town- ship of Franklin. He was born April 22, 1827, in Prussia, Germany, and there lived until the years of manhood occupa- tion farmer; was married in 1859 ' Miss Rosina Donnar. For the space of three years lived on the farm, and to better his fortune, left the little German home across the sea for America. After a long voyage, landed at New Orleans. From there he wended his way to the fertile prairies of Illinois, settling in Morgan, where he first hired out to the neighboring farmers by the month. Two years later his wife and family joined him. He then rented a farm for a number of years, afterward pur- chased a good farm and owned at the time of his demise, 190 acres, well im- proved, which he gained by many years of honest toil and economy. For many years 638 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. was extensively engaged in buying stock for home consumption. During the Spring of 1874 Mr. Fromme was attacked by dyspepsia which baffled the attempts of the skillful physician to cure, and after a long and protracted illness, he passed peacefully away Dec. 28th, 1875. He was an energetic worker, and this, perhaps, hastened his death. He left to the care of his devoted wife five children : Mary, Frank, John, William and Gertrude FRY MILTON .(deceased), who made a home on the prairies of Illinois, shortly after the ever memorable " deep snow " of 1831, deserves more than a passing notice ; was born Sept. II, 1803, in Kentucky, where his grandsires had settled in an early day, and it was amid the scenes of the blue grass country that young Milton passed the days of his boyhood until the maturer years of ripe manhood, when in 1831 he married Miss Letitia D. Devore, daughter of John Devore, native of Ken- tucky. On his arrival in Illinois, settled in Morgan County on the farm now owned by Mrs. John Fry ; he purchased a very large tract of land, and at one time owned more than 1,000 acres. It is highly probable that Mr. Fry was quite wealthy when he first settled in Illinois ; at all events, he acquired real estate very rapidly, many purchases being effected as early as 1835 or 1840, deeds being granted with signatures of Presidents Van Buren and Jackson attached ; where he lived was held in high esteem, always taking a lead- ing position in the agricultural enterprises of the county. After a life of usefulness, ever hospitable and economical, he de- parted this life June 16, 1865, and was buried in the family burying-ground of John Devore ; his honored spouse had many years preceded him. He left a family of five children : Samantha, who married Ar- thur Harmon, and who died in June, 1877 ; Lemira, who married Cyrus Curtis, and died in 1870 ; John D. was married to Anna M. Howe, daughter of Aaron and Mary A. Howe, and who died in February, 1873; Letitia B., who married James C. Gillem, a resident of Logan County, and Minnie A., who now resides in Jackson- ville. Mrs. Fry now resides on part of the old homestead, comprising 265 acres ; she was born in Washington Co., Ohio, in 1843, where her father, Aaron Howe, was a farmer the greater portion of his life ; in 1860, Mr. Howe removed to Morgan Co.; six children, four living : Eliza, George, Granville, and Anna. This sketch would be incomplete were we to forget the heroic life of John D. Fry, who, when our country was in the throes of a life struggle for the perpetuation of liberty, enlisted September, 1862, in Co. I, xoist Regt. 111. Vols., and followed the fortunes of that command in field and camp until discharged, June, 1865 BASWELL, ^"* farmer and stock raiser Sec. 13, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Gottschall was the eighth son of Jacob and Elizabeth Gottschall, whose maiden name was West, and the elder G's second wife; looking a little into the genealogy of this family, it may be stated the grandfather of the subject of this sketch built the first water mill west of Ohio; in an early day, at a time when the red man was in the ascendancy, the Gottschall fam- ily moved from Berks County, Penn., to Ohio, and there settled on a farm, where young Gottschall was born, April 17, 1822; In Ohio the old people lived until they died; during the Spring of 1851 Mr. Gotts- chall wended his way to Illinois and set- tled west of Jacksonville; was first em- ployed by the month for S. S. Massey; in 1852, he purchased 80 acres, where his large residence now stands; in September, 1853, married Miss Ann Harvey, of Mor- gan County; five children blessed this union, three of whom are living: Clara Belle, Samuel L., and Rebecca M.; a few years ago Mr. G. purchased 80 acres, in addition to his other property; in 1873 he built his present residence; when Mr. G. came to Illinois he had no capital whatever, mak- ing his way in the world single handed, never asking security, and believing it a damage to give it, he has gone steadily onward, and has since risen on his indi- vidual merits, and his word or note is good anywhere in Morgan County; well known for his liberality; at this writing owns 181 acres Graham John L. plasterer and brick layer, P.O. Franklin Graham Silas, farm hand, Franklin TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 639 Graham Lafayette, plasterer and bricklayer, P.O. Franklin Gregory W. D. carpenter, P.O. Franklin Grimsley A. farm hand, P.O. Franklin TT ANN WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 32, ^ P.O. Franklin. Fourth child of John and Nancy Hann, natives of Virginia and Kentucky, respectively; during the early settlement of the West, the family settled in Ohio, where the subject of this notice was born, March I, 1832; at the age of six- teen he became a resident of Indiana; in his twenty-second year he married Miss Ellen Shaffer, daughter of Jessie and Mar- garet Shaffer; when the life of the nation was in peril he enlisted in Co. F, 7Oth Regiment, Illinois Infantry, at Jackson- ville; for six months during his service, was on guard duty; honorably discharged at Alton, 111.; three children blessed this union: Florence, Sarah A., and Andrew S. Hand Andrew S. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Frank- lin Hardy Richard, renter, Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans HARMON ARTHUR, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville. The subject of this sketch was the third son of John and Mary Harmon, natives of Wicklow County, Ireland, where Arthur was born in 1848; in his early infancy the family crossed the ocean for America; they first made a home in Canada East, a short distance from the State of New York, and lived there for eight years; from there they made their way to Morgan County; at twenty-seven Arthur was mar- ried to Miss Kate McCarty, who was born in the County of Limerick, Ireland; two children: Mary and Theresa; Mr. H. owns 80 acres; during the Spring of 1878 he was elected school director Harmon Arthur, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Pisgah Harmon Edward, farm hand, Sec. 5, P.O. Pisgah Harmon John, farmer and stock raiser Sec. 15, P.O. Franklin Harmon John jr. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Pisgah Harmon Mat, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin Harmon Patrick, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans HARMON THOS. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin. Was born in Wicklow County, Ireland, May 2, 1840; the head- of the family was a farmer by occu- pation. Young Harmon grew up on the farm; in 1847 parents moved from Ireland and settled near Niagara Falls, Upper Can- ada; for ten years they remained there, and then set out for Illinois; they settled some two miles west of Judge Wood's, in Morgan County, on the farm now owned by Arthur Harmon; renting property for two years, a purchase was in due time affected. John Harmon the father, became a man of property and standing; now liv- ing in Franklin Township, and is still an active business man. Thomas married Lucy Armstrong, a native of Ireland; six children: Arthur, William, Alexander, Mary, Thomas, and Winnie. Thomas and Patrick, his brother, work a large estate; Patrick, in the Winter of 1867, married Miss Rose Devlin, a native of Ireland; six . children: John, Thomas, Mary, Rose, Mat- thew, and Kate HARLEY WM. G. farmer. The sub- ject of this sketch was born in the Parish of Glascomb, Eng , Feb. 2, 1841. Up to 1875, he remained a resident of the mother country,following the occupation of farmer, and in time acquired a very extensive knowlege of agriculture. The ancestry of this family date back as far as the year 1300; many of whom were among the nobility; while a resident of England, he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony, to Louisa Newman; they have one adopted child: Grace. The father Ephraim Harley,was a steward in England, for upwards of thirty-five years, to Samuel Billings, a leading man of Great Britain, in his day Harney W. H. R. retired farmer, P.O. Frank- lin HART WM. P., ELDER. The Hart family is very numerous in the United States, and those of them connected with this sketch, originated as follows: Two brothers came from Germany to the new world, as it was then called, about the year 1700; landing at Charleston, South Caro- lina, they were sold at auction, to pay for their passage over, by which sale they were separated and never heard of each other again. Charles Hart, the first in this genealogy, lived and died in South Cnro- 640 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Una; but little is known of his history, far- ther than he had a son, David Hart, born in the year 1740, lived in North Carolina; took an active part in the war of the revo- lution; of his family, we have only space to say that he had five sons and two daugh- ters. David, the oldest son, born in North Carolina, Dec. 18, 1768, was united in marriage to Margaret Blackwelder, and raised a family of one daughter and ten sons; he resided in Mercer County, Ky., but removed in an early day to Bedford County, Tenn., where he died. Solomon Hart, third son of this family, was born in Mercer County, Ky., Jan. 6, 1793, and at ten years old removed with his father to Tennessee, when he at the age of twenty, with his oldest brother, enlisted in the United States service, under General Jack- son, and " killed his man " at the Horse Shoe battle; returning from the army, he was united in marriage to Nancy Wagg- ner, on the seventeenth day of July 1817; in 1826 he removed to Morgan County, Illinois, where with his brothers, Charles and Nathan, he settled for a short time near the village of Jacksonville, which was then in its infancy; being impressed, like most of the early settlers, with the "scarcity of timber," he removed to the south part of the county, and built his "cabin" on the margin of that beautiful island of prairie grass, lying between little and big Apple Creeks; here he secured by entry three eighties of the best timber, and the remainder of his means he invested in prairie. He was soon followed by four other brothers: Charles, David, Anderson, and Nathan, who settled around him, and this beautiful spot in Morgan County is still known by the appropriate name of "Hart's Prairie." Here Solomon with his wife, toiled amid the hardships of " pioneer life," improving their farm, arid raising a large family, consisting of eight sons and two daughters, all living to the age of ma- turity, and became settled in life, during the lifetime of the parents. Solomon Hart with his wife, in an early day, be- came identified with the reformation, under A. Campbell, and opened their house to religious service, and his home was the preaching place of the denomination for many years; here Dr. Pat. Henderson, W. W. Happy, Robert Foster (Monkey Bob, as he was often good humoredly called, by reason of his diminutive size), and many others, gave vent to that primitive earnest- ness and eloquence, which was character- istic of the early ministers of Morgan County. Solomon Hart and his wife were plain, unassuming people, enjoying the simplicity of the Christian religion; they were kind, helping the poor, dividing with the needy, and encouraging peace and charity; in the neighborhood they were honored by the young, and respected by all. He was a Democrat, of the Jackson school; a great admirer of Douglas; his "greatest activity in politics, consisted in always going to the election; he lived to vote for fourteen presidents, and raised eight sons, all Democrats; also to see Illi- nois one of the leading States of the union, and Morgan County the garden of the world. In the Autumn of 1874, while the sear and yellow leaf was quietly settling upon the bosom of mother earth, and all nature was wrapped in the mellow hues of " Indian Summer," on the morning of the I7th of October, in the eighty-second year of his age, this old pioneer of Mor- gan County, gently passed away. His aged consort still survives him. Of his family, Joseph W. died in Morgan County, in 1864; Henry C. resides on his farm, in Macoupin County; John C. died in the same county, in 1863; Tabitha Dalton re- sides in Kansas; Melchi died in 1862, in Macoupin County; Eliza Heggy resides in the same county; George is living in Frank- lin, Morgan County; Marion removed, in 1873, to Nebraska, while Solomon, the youngest son, lives on the old homestead; George Hart, whose business card appears elsewhere in this work, was born in Mor- gan County, Dec. 8, 1837; professed religion in the Fall of 1859, and united with the Apple Creek Baptist Church; was by that church afterward licensed to preach, and was subsequently ordained by the Hart Prairie Baptist Church, on the 4th day of January, 1870; he at once became an ac- tive, efficient minister of Macoupin Baptist Association, and has been the pastor of several churches in this body, but his ap- propriate work was that of an Evangelist, preaching to the destitute and weak TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 641 churches, and was the chosen missionary of the association for several years; great success has attended his labors; he is plain, uneducated in the classical sense of the term, uncompromising, blunt in his man- ners, clear and forcible in his reasoning, and approaches his work with Nathan's personality, " Thou art the man;" positive in all his bearings, he is leaving his impress upon society wherever he is known; he was married Sept. I, 1859, to Nancy B. Rice; at present writing has, owing to a failure of health, given up the active work of the ministry. Elder Wm. Penn Hart was born in Morgan County, 111., Feb. 5, 1835; at the age of twelve his health failed, on account of which he received some extra facilities for attending school, in which he was always an apt scholar; by dint of hard study, and economising time, he obtained a fair common school education, by which he was enabled to be a successful teacher for a number of years; he was married to Miss Barbara A. Fanning, Dec. 4, 1855, who in less than eighteen months died, leaving him alone in the world, with an infant son; he was married to Miss Mary A. Rice, Jan. 31, 1858, by whom was born unto him twelve children, nine girls and three boys, three of the daughters dying in infancy; in the Autumn of 1877, he had the misfortune to lose his wife again; believing that his surroundings made it necessary, he was united in marriage with Mrs. Martha J. Price, of Oblong, Illinois, Feb. 10, 1878; Elder Hart was very early impressed with the importance of the Christian religion, and at the age of fourteen made a profes- sion of faith in Christ, joining the religious society to which the family belonged; his religious views having materially changed, in 1856 he became identified with the Apple Creek Baptist Church; showing evi- dences of talent, and an aptness to teach, he was, in April, 1859. licensed to preach; and such was the rapid development of his power to lead men to Christ, that on the fourth day of December of the same year, he was publicly ordained, fully setting him apart to the ministry; he was at once called to the pastorate of the Sandy Creek Church, and in less than two years from the time he preached his first sermon, he was the regu- lar pastor of four churches in the county; he has regularly pastored four churches ever since, preaching on an average sixteen sermons in each month, besides a great deal of incidental work, preaching funeral sermons as far as he is known, not only for his own people, but many in other denomi- nations as well; he had the opportunity of a theological course in one of the best col- leges in the State, free, and the denomina- tion to which he belongs publicly agreed, at their annual meeting, to furnish the necessary support for himself and family during the time necessary to graduate; but such was his anxiety to press on in his favorite mission, that he declined the gen- erous offer; he has been identified with Macoupin Baptist Association from its or- ganization; was its first clerk, and has pre- sided over the body for seven consecutive years, which position he now fills; he has by hard study acquired a large amount of knowledge in his profession; speaks English well, and has some knowledge of the Greek; he is very successful as an Evangelist, hav- ing baptized as many as sixty-six, as the result of one meeting; he has had the offer of good positions, but has preferred to re- main with country churches on small salaries, and depending on .a farm in part as a support for his family; he is unassum- ing in his manner, awkward in his appear- ance, but on the stand he is perfectly at home, commanding in appearance, eloquent in his addresses, his nature warm and genial, his words flow easy, and he usually holds his audience spell-bound; he has the remarkable capacity of meeting the expec- tations of every one, and while he has an unbounded charity for all, he is very denom- inational in his views, and will defend in public debate what he believes; having had several public discussions, he has always been equal to the emergency, andgavesuch a defense of his cause as was always per- fectly satisfactory to his brethren, who had cheerfully put him forward to defend them; he is now in the prime of life, living on a part of the old family homestead, within a few rods of where he was born; enjoys the confidence of his neighbors, and is esteemed by all who know him Hart Melchi, school teacher, Franklin Hart Minerva Mrs. Franklin Hawkins Charles, laborer, Franklin 642 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Haynes William, renter, Sec. 22, P.O. Frank-. lin HILL JAMES H. DR. Born in the year 1825, at Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Kentucky; is the only surviving child of his parents, who emigrated from Shepherdstown, near Harper's Ferry, Vir- ginia, where, in the year 1849, tne subject of this sketch was married to Miss Emma S. Welshaus; obtaining his diploma from the medical department of the university of Louisville, Kentucky, in 1850, after a studentship of five years, Dr. Hill prac- ticed his profession in the South until the outbreak of the Rebellion, when, being a resident of Warrensburg, Johnson County, Missouri, he received the appointment of surgeon to a regiment of State troops, raised in said county, which position he retained until it was mustered out of ser- vice, when he was commissioned as assistant surgeon to the 3Oth Missouri U.S.Volunteer Infantry, which position he retained until, during the siege of Vicksburg, on account of ill health, he received an honorable discharge; since which time he has resided in Illinois, the last six years at Franklin, Morgan County; Dr. Hill has but one sur- viving child, who, in 1875, became the wife of B. F. Wright, of the firm of Wright Bros., of the last named place Hines John, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Alexander Hines Patrick, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Alex- ander Hobbs W. B. school teacher, Franklin Hocking C. M. dealer and manufacturer hoots and shoes, Franklin Howe Aaron, farmer, P.O.Jacksonville Huff Huldah, Sec. 32, P.O. Franklin JASPER O. D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Orleans. The gen- ealogy of the Jasper family can be traced back many generations; going far back to a distant date, it can be stated that the family were of Scotch and Irish origin; Nicholas J., the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in- North Carolina; the date can not now be ascertained, but at the time of the Revolutionary W r ar he was about twenty-five years of age; from the time of its commencement to its close he served as a soldier, sharing the hardships of soldier life at Valley Forge; while the war was still in progress he was married to Rebecca Haynes; by this marriage ten children; Thomas, the youngest child, was a soldier during the war of 1812, a non- commissioned officer; witnessed the fall of the great Indian chief Tecumseh; he married Elizabeth Dunham, who was a daughter of Obed Dunham, a native of Kentucky; this union was blessed with nine children; from Pulaski County, Ken- tucky, Mr. Jasper became a member of the State legislature, serving six years; Sergeant Jasper, of Revolutionary fame, was a dis- tant relative; Thomas Jasper was a suc- cessful farmer; he and his wife both died in Kentucky; ten children of this union are now living; O. D., whose name heads this sketch, served through the Mexican War, enlisting in Co. A, Kentucky In- fantry, from Pulaski; became a recruiting officer under Major Elliot; honorably dis- charged at the close of the war; in 1841, he came to Morgan County; in 1869, became permanently located; married Miss Sciota Davenport, daughter of Ephraim and Sallie, a school teacher in the usual log cabin of the period, where no floor was laid down, the scholars being seated on wooden seats, and the furniture of the plainest possible description; three children: John P., Sarah Ann, and C. C. Jasper Jolly Ann Mrs. Franklin Jolly Emanuel, laborer, Franklin Jolly John, renter, Sec. 26, P.O. Franklin Jolly John R. renter. Franklin Jolly Nancy, laundress, Franklin Jones Jessie farmer, Jacksonville Jones Jessie J., farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Frank- lin Jones Joshua, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Pisgah JOSTES REUBEN", brick maker, Franklin, was born in Tennessee, in 1825; when three years old his parents moved to Illinois, settling in the vicinity of Franklin, which then rivalled Jacksonville, and there settled down to farm life; the first school attended by Mr. Jones was kept by John Johnson, in the vicinity of what is now called Muddy; in 1843, he married Miss Nancy Armstrong, of Kentucky; eleven children; nine are living; in 1873, Mrs. Jones passed off the stage of life; during the Autumn of 1876, married Mrs. Martha TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST, 643 Ann Dennis, of Morgan County: four children; by first marriage Mrs. Jones had one child; by second marriage to Mr. Jones four children: John, Lydia, Nettie, and Anna; in 1867, Mr. J. started an establish- ment for the manufacturing of brick; he still continues in the same occupation, and manufactures a very superior article Jones Reuben Jr. lab. Franklin TT'ANE JOHN B. renter, P.O. Franklin "* Kelly V. F. school-teacher, Franklin KEPLLNXIER SAMUEL,, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Franklin. Was born in Washington Co., Tenn., June 2, 1809 ; he was raised on a farm, where he remained up to the age of nineteen, when he became apprenticed to the trade of blacksmith ; in 1829, he made his way into the State of Illinois, and settled at Jack- sonville, at a time when there were some twenty dwellings, mostly log cabins, and where there were several stores for supply- ing the simple wants of the pioneers ; here he became a journeyman, for some years receiving as ray eight dollars per month ; having ambition beyond this daily pay, he looked about him for a farm, and first pur- chased 80 acres for $150 ; he shortly after united his fortunes to Miss Pamelia Green, a native of Ohio, who settled in Morgan County as early as 1822, and remembers as early settlers Col. Morton, Huram Reeves, and others. On the 80 acres above men- tioned there stood a log cabin, near the . now handsome residence of Mr. K. ; on arrival at the cabin, the husband and wife sat down and partook of a hearty meal of mush and milk ; the first table was pur- chased from a neighbor for ten cents, and consisted of a rough frame- work orna- mented with four legs ; a couple of rough chairs were afterward bought. In the old log house, now fast becoming obsolete, the husband and wife passed many years of their life, and there many of their children were born. Years have flown by in rapid succession, but those days are still pictured in the memory of the pioneer. It would be a useless task to enumerate the many trials and hardships of Mr. K.; he is to-day the owner of some 600 acres of land, and some years ago owned 800, acquired by great industry, and all that he has he owes to his own exertions. There are six chil- dren: Clarissa, who married Gen. John I. Rinaker; William S., of Waverly ; Ella P., who married John W. Smith ; Hardin and Lewis W. ; Hardin, when the war broke ovft, enlisted in Co. B, loth 111. Infty., for three months service ; at expiration of term of service, he enlisted in Co. A, 32d 111. Infty., and served from August, 1861, until October, 1862 ; was mustered out, and ac- cepted promotion in the 1st 111. Regt. as adjutant, and served till the close of the war. Lewis W. enlisted in the 32d Infty., at Springfield, 111., and served till the close of the war, promoted lieutenant for meri- torious conduct, and served on the Indian expedition after the close of the war ; when he returned to Morgan County ; he after- ward removed to Kansas, where he is now a member of the Kansas legislature KETNER W. H. farmer. Sec. 19, P.O. Pisgah, son of Henry and Mahalah Ket- ner. His father was a native of North Carolina, who settled in Morgan County during the Spring of 1834, seven miles north of Jacksonville, on 40 acres ; here young Ketnerwas born, education received in district schools ; working through the summer months, he attended school in the winter season. At this writing, Mr. Ketner resides on his farm, comprising 80 acres ; in August, 1876, he was united in marriage to Louisa Tunnell, daughter of S. S. Tunnell, an early pioneer of Morgan County Kirby John, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin Kirby William, renter, Sec. 21, P.O. Franklin T ANGLEY & POLING, mer- ^** chants, dealers in dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, etc. In 1864, the above-named firm became established in business ; the partners of said firm were then J. C. Crab- tree, W.W. Hays.Wyckoff Poling, and James Langley, under the firm name of Crabtree, Poling, Hays & Co.; in 1866, the style of the firm name changed to Langley & Poling, on the retirement of the other members ; the elder member of this firm, James Langley, is now upward of ninety-three years of age, still hearty and vigorous ; his memory, con- sidering his advanced years, is something remarkable. Born in 1797, he settled in Morgan County in 1829, where he now lives, universally respected by all who know 644 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. him. His portrait appears in this work ; a brief study of the face by the intelligent reader, discloses immense will and strength of character, traits of character that carried him successfully through the stormy scenes of western life. This company constructed a large store in the year 1866, which was consumed by fire in the year 1877, proving a hard blow, but one from which the com- pany rapidly recovered, and now do an extensive business, selling goods at prices to suit the times, bearing in mind the old adage, that a nimble sixpence is better than a slow shilling ; herein lies the secret of their success. Wyckoff Poling, of whom we here append a biography, was born in Brooklyn, N. Y.; in an early day he ac- companied his parents to Quincy, Adams Co., 111.; in 1847, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Josephine, only child of James Langley ; 1848, Mr. Poling moved to Morgan County, locating at Franklin, where he first became a carriage-manufac- turer ; the first wife of Mr. Poling died in 1850, leaving to his care two children, Katy and Mary; Katy deceased; in 1868, he united his fortunes to Mrs. Bristow ; one child born of this marriage, Gertrude Frances Layton Emily, seamstress, Franklin Lester Wm. renter, P.O. Franklin Lester Ruth, Sec. 33, P.O. Franklin Lowe Henry, renter, Sec. I, P.O. Orleans Lowry Andrew, boot and shoemaker, Frank- lin Luby William, farm hand, P.O. Jackson- ville LTJCKEMAN HENRY, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Alexander; was born in Prussia, Germany, November, 1822; in the mother country he acquired a liberal education; for three years he served as a soldier in the standing army; in his native place he married Theresa Kanust, daughter of John T. Kanust; in 1850, ac- companied by his family, he emigrated to America; after a three months' voyage the vessel touched at New Orleans; from there Mr. L. made his way to St. Louis; during the Summer of 1851, he became employed on a wood boat on the Mississippi River, and worked for some years; from this point came to Jacksonville; first worked by the month for J. T. Holmes; in 1859, he pur- chased 80 acres in prairie and 10 acres in timber; in 1860, he moved into the log cabin still standing opposite his frame resi- dence; many years were passed in this log structure, where the fare was at times plain, but the wants of the early settler were few, and easily satisfied; the years spent here were years of self-denial and economy; when Mr. Luckeman landed in St. Louis he had but $5.00; on arrival in Jacksonville he was penniless, but he had a wife and two children depending upon him, and he set about in the battle of life with a strong determination to win; Mr. L. now owns 400 acres; the farm is well improved, and every thing systematically and orderly arranged; and a better stock farm for its size it would be difficult to find; there are five children: Fanny, Maggie, Frank, John, and Theodore* Ludric Charles, farmer, P.O. Pisgah Ludrick August, farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Lutemeyer John, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Pisgah Lynn Alfred L. school teacher, Franklin Lyons Miles, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Franklin JY/TANN HENRY, laborer, Franklin Mansfield Oscar, engineer at Farmers' flouring and woolen mills, Franklin MANSFIELD J. B. & CO. millers, Franklin; as early as 1855 the Mansfield Bros, started in the milling business in Franklin, taking in as a partner George B. Wallen, the firm doing business under the firm name of Wallen & Mansfield; both members were men of experience, and the business prospered; in a few years the Mansfield Bros, purchased the interest of Mr. Wallen; business was then done in a large wooden building, still standing; in connection with the grist mill, a carding factory was in operation, used in making rolls of wool similar to those made on a spinning-jenny; in 1866, the firm built the present large brick structure, which has a run of two stones, and every facility for the successful operation of their business; the woolen mill is still a feature, in successful operation, manufacturing jeans, flannels, etc.; J. B. Mansfield was born in Byron County, Kentucky, in 1827; three years after, his parents moved to Morgan County; J. B. was educated at subscription schools; TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 645 in 1849, married Martha Austin; at twenty- five was apprenticed to the trade of miller; nine children: Sarah E., Susan I., deceased, Elizabeth A., Mary F., Emma D., Ella, William B., James E., Zulah, and Maud; Isaac T., the junior member, was born in Morgan County, in 1831; educated in sub- scription schools common in early times; in 1852, married Susan Austin, daughter of Eli and Elizabeth; eight children; Cather- ine I., Ely O., Elizabeth, George B., Charles E., Anna, Frank, Ethel M., and Delia Martin John, farm hand, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- sonville Mason George I. farm hand, Sec. 32, P.O. Franklin Masters William J., farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Orleans Mayfield F. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin McBride Charles, farm hand, P.O. Franklin McCormick L. W. blacksmith, Franklin McDonnell James, blacksmith, Franklin McCOTJLLOUGH S. P. & CO. millers, Franklin; as far back as 1849, J. D. & S. P. McCoullough entered into a co-part- nership business under the firm name of J. D. McCoullough & Bros.; since the organ- ization of the above firm there have been considerable changes; some four years ago J. D. McCoullough, brother and member of the firm at the beginning, departed this life, and the firm name then became S. P. McCoullough & Co.; for twenty-five years M. Bros, were associated in business, and during that time gained an enviable repu- tation as business men; the mill has a capacity of turning out fifty barrels of flour per day; in addition to the grist mill, a saw mill is attached, fitted with the latest style of machinery; S. P. McCoullough, the sur- viving member, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 6, 1824; was the fourth child of John and Harriet, who settled in Morgan County, in 1837; here he grew up, receiving a district school education; he first became a farmer, but early became identified in the milling business; was married in 1860; in 1869, elected town treasurer.which position he still holds; two children; Edgar W., and Freddie L. McGIXNIS JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Pisgah. James is the youngest of the family of seven children; his father was a farmer in the county of Clare, Ireland, where the subject of this sketch was born, in 1829; in 1853, he emi- grated to America; afier a short residence in New York, thence to Jacksonville, 111., and there first worked by the month, for Colonel Dunlap and others; in 1857, he married Miss Johannah Leahy, daughter of Thomas and Catherine Leahy; by great energy and economy he accumulated fine property; when the war came on, he did his part financially; owns 250 acres of well improved land; eleven children, nine of whom are living: Michael, Thomas, James, Cornelius, John, Mary K., Margaret, Anna, and Johannah McKee Hugh, farm hand, P.O. Franklin MEREDITH JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 29, P.O. Pisgah. The subject of this sketch was born in Stewart County, Middle Tennessee, on the 26th of January, 1845; shortly before this date his father died; at the breaking out of the rebellion, being then only fifteen years of age, but thoroughly imbued with the war spirit, he enlisted in Co. A, 6th Regt. Mis- souri Infantry, for three years' service; mustered in at Jefferson Barracks, Mo.; he shortly after went to the front; from the time Sherman took command at Pittsburg Landing, until he reached thj sea shore, Mr. Meredith served under him; became a participant in the siege of Vicksburg, siege of Atlanta, Arkansas Post, Black Bayou, Chattanooga, Dallas, Resaca, Dalton, and many other engagements of the war; during the Autumn of 1863, he became a scout under General John A. Logan, but during a regular engagement he became employed as a messenger; at Resaca he received a wound in the head, and on a scouting t x- pedition was wounded in the arm; for three months after the main army disband- ed he served as a soldier at Little Rock, Arkansas, where he was honorably dis- charged, in the latter part of October, 1865 ; for some time after he wandered through the Southern States; before the war he had visited Illinois; in 1870, he became a per- manent resident; in 1872, he married Mrs. Hannah Dunston, daughter of Jesse Jones, of Morgan County; two children: Freddie, and Alonzo; by first marriage three chil- dren; Geo. W., Elizabeth, and Esther H. 646 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Miers John, renter, Sec. 21, P.O. Pisgah Miller Thomas, laborer, Franklin Miller Thomas, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Pisgah Montgomery Robert, farm hand, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Moore David, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Pisgah Murphy John, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Frank- lin Myer William farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Alex- ander JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Pisgah. Mr. Oxley was born in Carlton, Yorkshire, England, in 1837; when old enough he became em- ployed on a farm ; at the early age of eighteen he emigrated to America; the passage over was made on the William Tapscott; afrer a long and tedious voyage they arrived in New York; remaining there a short time, he wended his way to Mary- land; thence to Morgan County, where he first hired out by the month; after the lapse of a few years he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Smith, a native of Yorkshire, England; since coming to the township of Franklin Mr. Oxley has held several town- ship offices; owns 120 acres of valuable farm property; six children: William A,, George W., Thomas, Sarah A., James E., and John W. PALMER RICHARD, farmer, s ec . 25, P.O. Franklin PEAK JACOB H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Franklin; oldest son of Absalom and Rebecca Peak, natives of Tennessee, where Jacob was born, May 26, 1829; the following autumn the Peak family, then consisting of husband, wife, and three children, set out in a covered wagon for the far West, settling in Morgan County; purchasing a farm of 80 acres, the head of the family built a log cabin of the usual description, no floor, rough logs, etc.; Absalom Peak lived in Scott County from . the time of his settlement until he died, May 23, 1867; it should be stated the farm property settled on first was afterward merged into Scott County; he became a succes^ful farmer, an energetic man, who contributed very materially to the present prosperity of the county in which he lived; the wife, aged seventy-three, is living on the old estate in Scott County; when quite young, Jacob attended school in a log cabin that stood near where the town of Exeter is now located; at Exeter also attended school; in 1852, purchased a farm of 119 acres, in the vicinity of the old homestead; two years later married Miss Matilda Campbell, daughter of John B. and Cynthia Campbell, who settled in Scott County prior to the deep snow; in 1857, Mr. P. moved from Scott County to Morgan, and there purchased part of the farm he now owns, comprising then 160 acres; now owns 400 acres; in 1862, enlisted in Co. F, I2gth Regt. 111. Vol., in Scott County; was in the battles of Peach Tree Creek, Buzzard Roost, Resaca, Dalton, siege of Atlanta; with Sherman in his famous march to the sea; he attained to the rank of third ser- geant; honorably discharged at the close of the war; has six children now living: Scott, Alice May, Mary L., Kate L., Dora, and Lulu; John C., deceased Peak Willard S. farmer, Sec. 23.P.O. Franklin POE B. W. farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville; Mr. Poe was born in Cincinnati, Ohio; at the age of eight years his parents moved to Gales- burg, and located near the farm now owned by Judge Wood; on the farm then pur- chased the father passed the remainder of his days; five children survived him, of whom are now living; C. T. Poe, Thos. B., Mary Ann, and B. W.,- now a resident of Morgan County, who married Miss Sarah A. Wood, daughter of Thomas Wood; one child, died in infancy; when the war came on he enlisted in the First Missouri Cavalry, for three years' service; partici- pated in the battle of Sugar Creek, there twice wounded, also in the battle of Pea Ridge; honorably discharged; since the war has been a resident of Morgan County Pothaust Frank, farmer. Sec. II, P.O. Pisgah 13 ANNELLS SAMUEL, farmer, Sec. 5, ** P.O. Pisgah Ransdell Wm. L. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin Rawlings David, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Pisgah Rawlings James, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Jacksonville TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 647 Rawlings Henry Mrs. farming, P.O. Jack- sonville Reed Isaac, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin REED J. H. residence Franklin; Mr. Reed was born on his father's farm, in Morgan County; parents are Martin and Sallie Reed, who settled in the county prior to the deep snow, and at this writing are residents of township 13-9; Mr. R. in early life became a farmer; in the late war, although he did not rise to distinguished rank, he took an active part; was elected duty sergeant; subsequently he became second sergeant; he acquitted himself very creditably during the war; became a par- ticipant in the battles of Wahatchie Val- ley, Mission Ridge, Snake Creek Gap, Buzzard Roost, Peach Tree Creek; on the forced march to Knoxville, Tenn., and all through the Atlanta and Savannah cam- paigns, and many other engagements of the war; was honorably discharged May 15, 1865, and returned to Morgan County; prior to entering the army, in 1854, married Miss Juda Seymour, of Morgan County; three children; Jennie, Julia, and Belle; in 1867, Mrs. R. died; the following year was married to Mrs. M. E. Duncan, of Franklin; since the close of the war Mr. Reed's principal occupation has been that of miller, and was at one time a member of the firm of Mansfield Bros., millers, of Franklin; was engaged as a carpenter and engineer; at this writing connected with McCullough & Go's upper mills, Franklin Reed John, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin Reed James L. farmer and stock raiser BEES E. M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Franklin; the subject of this sketch, one of the most enterprising citi- zens of Illinois, was born in Virginia, where his parents settled nearly a century ago; emigrating from Wales, in 1793, the Rees family floated down the Ohio River to what is now Kentucky, then known as New Virginia; on the passage down several times they narrowly escaped destruction by the Indians; they settled in Kentucky during the spring of the year; here the subject of this sketch was born, Feb. 23, 1817; in 1839, he moved to Illinois, and here for a time lie settled down to a quiet life; but his restless disposition could not long confine him to one spot, and the fol- lowing year found him overseeing a. sugar and cotton plantation in the South; here he remained nine years, and accumulated a nice fortune; returned to Morgan County, in 1847; he purchased part of the farm where he now resides; in 1849, he joined a party of gold hunters, en route for the gold mines of California, leaving J cksonville on the 10th of April; at the end of nine months the party reached San Francisco, then a city of tents, with here and there an old ancient Spanish adobe house; on first arriving, Mr. Rees became a drayman, and subsequently became a miner, staking out innumerable claims, at times meeting with good success; for nearly ten years he roughed it in the mines of California; un- like the maj 'rity, he returned from there with a goodly amount of the shining metal; the year 1859 found him again a resident of Morgan County; on the i8th of Novem- ber, of this year, he married Miss Julia Snow, of Ohio; Mr. Rees has in all proba- bility to-day the finest farm property in the State for its size; it now comprises nearly 450 acres; twenty acres of this is planted with trees, making a beautiful grove, which, in addition to the handsome residence, is pointed out to strangers and tourists; for the benefit conferred on pos- terity Mr. Rees will be remembered long after the soul has taken its flight; thus by reading the life of the subject of this sketch, we realize how truly the hand of the dili- gent maketh rich > Reinbach Clarence, school teacher, Franklin Reinbach Edward, retired, Franklin REINBACH HARRY. During the greater part of his life was a dry goods merchant; for over thirty-five years trans- acted a general dry goods business, in Franklin, Morgan County; he was born in Altona, Germany, Dec. 20, 1812; he was the second son of Mendel and Esther Reinbach; he received a very liberal educa- tion in the mother country; he was pos- sessed of an aspiring, ambitious disposition, that in after years counted and made him what he was, a representative business man; he left Europe for the new world in 1837; in due time he landed in New York city, and made his way to the State of Pennsylvania, where he remained for the space of three years, entering into a gen- 648 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. eral merchandise business; from there he came to the fertile prairies of Illinois; in 1840, settled in Franklin, Morgan County; entered into a co-partnership busin ss with E. S. Hinrichsen, a former partner in Pennsylvania, whose name is found else- where in this work; they erected the first business building in Franklin; both mem- bers were men of enterprise and sagacity, and sprang at once into a successful business career; in April, 1850, Mr. Rein- bach returned to Europe, and there formed the acquaintance of Miss Sophia Dessau, teacher of a select school in the city of Hamburg; they were married on the 4th of September, 1850, and immediately there- after started for America; arrived at Frank- lin in due time; one year from date of arri- val dissolved partnership with Mr. Hinrich- sen, and immediately formed a co-partner- ship with Hiram Van Winkle; they carried on a successful business for two years; the firm then dissolved, and Mr. Reinbach thereupon conducted the business up t > the time of his decease, which occurred February 6, 1878; in his death Morgan County lost one of its most successful business men, noted for his enterprise and liberality; he left a large family in Frank- lin, consisting of wife and nine children: David E., Clarence, Gussie, Newton Z., Mendel, Anna H., Carrie,Ollie, and Brack; three children deceased: Frederica, Dessau B., and Lena REYNOLDS THOMAS J. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Pisgah; Mr. R. was born in Scott County, near the town of Winchester, April 7, 1847; here the old folks lived and died; for the past eleven years Mr. Reynolds has been a resident of Morgan County, first settling near the Mauvaisterre; March 22, 1864, he enlisted in Co. F, 33d Regt. 111. Vol , for three years' service; at the siege of Mobile, un- der the command of General Canby; on the close of the war honorably discharged at Vicksburg, Miss.; returned to Morgan County, and shortly after married Miss Anna M. McCausland; three children Rice Clayburn, teamster, Franklin RIGGr A. P. justice of the peace, Franklin; Mr. Rigg was born in Kentucky, Dec. 13, 1813; parents were George and Sarah; in 1829, the family, then consisting of the husband, wife, and children, moved from Kentucky to Morgan County, Illinois, and settled near what is now Waverly; the father by occupation was a miller and mill- wright, in which he took a leading position, which' proved fairly remunerative; in the latter years of his life he became a miller. At twenty. A P. Rigg became apprenticed to the carpenter trade; in 1834, married Elizabeth McLain, who died in 1855; eight children blessed this union: James, Mary, Jane, Thomas, Samuel, Crnrles, Sarah, and William; following year mar- ried Mrs. Nancy Wood; three children by second marriage: George, Stephen, and John; in 1862, his wife departed this life; in 1863, again married, in Jacksonville, to Mrs. Mary Winters; was then a resident of Greene County, and there owned a sawmill; Spring of '69, moved to Franklin, and was elected justice of the peace; twice re- elected; last marriage one child: Anna E.; for nearly fifty years Mr. R. has lived in Morgan County, and has indeed seen the past of the county, and now lives to enjoy its present ROBERTS G-. D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Franklin; the gentle- man whose name stands at the head of this sketch is the second son of Peter and Emeline Roberts, whose names will be found recorded elsewhere in this work; Mr. R. was born in Morgan County, May 19, 1845; during the Autumn of 1873, he united his fortunes to Miss L. M. Dickin- son, daughter of Jacob Dickinson, post- master of Franklin; two children: Ralph, born July 31, 1875; Lulu, September, 1876 ROBERTS PETER, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Franklin; the subject of this sketch was born in Washington County, Tenn., Jan. 12, 1812; his parents were William and Eve, natives of Tennessee, who moved to Illinois as early as 1833, settling in Morgan County, near the present farm resi- dence of the subject of this notice; Mr. R. was then of age, and possessed of a force of character and energy that in after years counted and made him what he is to-day, a representative farmer; his education he received in schools supported by subscrip- tion, held in log cabins; in 1848, he married Miss Emeline McGinnis, of Tenn.; when Mr. Roberts, now known far and near as TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WKST. 649 Colonel Roberts, decided to come to Illi- nois, he worked thirteen days in the harvest field to pay the expense of his passage; on arrival, he hired out to a brick making firm at Jacksonville, for $9 per month, and thought Illinois a famous State to grow rich in; the first pair of trowsers he bought in the State cost him seventy-five cents, getting a liberal discount off on account of a tear in them; in those good old days Mr. R. states the boys did not wear picadilly collars, with nobby neck-ties, their time usually being spent following the plow, from the time they could reach the handles; as time passed on, Mr. R. accumulated property, owning at one time some 900 acres; at the present owns 670 acres; when quite a young man he was unanimously elected Colonel of State militia, commis- sioned by Governor Ford, for the prevention of local disturbances; in 1846, he organ- ized a company for the Mexican service, but having the misfortune to receive a stroke of lightning, did not enter upon active field duties; Mr. Roberts is now en- joying the fruits of his early labors; his family consists of wife and five children, whose names are: Thomas Benton, George Douglas, James Polk, Hardin Wallace, and Florence; in an early day Colonel R. was county deputy sheriff Robson Thomas, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Pisgah Rood Samuel, brickmaker, Franklin Runnells Thomas, renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Ryan Martin, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. IS, P.O. Franklin RYAN PATRICK, farmer and stock raiser, P. O. Franklin. Was born in the County Limerick, Ireland, about the year 1838; when very young left the beautiful "isle of the sea," to cast his lot with the people of the new world, and landed at New York city, thence to Mor- gan County, where he first worked by the month; in 1 860, he united his fortunes to Miss Winifred Doyle, by whom he has had eight children, all living: Thomas, Jer- emiah, Mary, Kate, Lawrence, Onie, Anna, and Martin; when Mr. Ryan arrived in America he had no capital, but had willing hands, and a brave, manly heart, that car- ried him successfully through life, laying the foundation for a future success; now owns 305 acres of good land; for the past six years has been school director; there are, perhaps, but few men now living in old Morgan, who have done more to develop and enhance the business interests of the county, than the worthy gentleman whose history is herein sketched CAMPLE RICHARD, farmer, Sec. 10, ^ P.O. Jacksonville SAMPLE SAMUEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Pisgah. Mr. Sample was born in Morgan County, prior to 1830; the Sample family, consisting of husband, wife, and three children, moved from Kentucky in a covered wagon, and settled in Illinois, on what is now called "Apple Creek," this county; they also settled in Henderson County, where they remained but a short time, eventually returning to Morgan; in 1860, the subject of this notice married Miss Lizzie Morris, daughter of Edmund and Sarah Morris; four children blessed this union, whose names are in order of birth: Lucinda, born 1861; George, 1867; Hubert, 1875, and Nellie, 1877 Samples Robert, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Pisgah Sargeant Newton, renter, Franklin Sargeant W. R. carpenter, Franklin SCOTT ENOS, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Scott was born in Somersetshire, England, June 25, 1813. His father, by occupation was a butcher, in comfortable circumstances, who, accompanied by his family, in 1816, emigrated to America, the passage over oc- cupying some six weeks. Remaining in the vicinity of New York through the winter, the spring of the year found them settled on farm property in New Jersey, where the old people passed the remainder of their days. On coming of age, the subject of this sketch married Miss Ann Garrison, a native of New Jersey ; two children blessed this union, George and Enos G., who are now residents of Illinois. Mrs. Scott died in 1840. The following year Mr. Scott married Miss Louise Hand, a daughter of Ira Hand, an old resident of New Jersey. In 1855 he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where for ten yeais he was foreman for a 650 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. large manufacturing firm ; in 1865 he set- tled in Illinois, where he now has a valua- ble farm property, and as an agriculturist he takes a front rank. Children by second marriage : Sylvanus, Annie, John, Eveline, and Ensign Scott Ezra, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Pisgah SCOTT FRANCIS M. farmer, Frank- iin, son of Jas. and Mary; James was a na- tive of Virginia, Mary, his wife, was born in Kentucky ; Francis who heads this notice, was born in Colwell Co., Kentucky, in 1823. His father was by occupation a farmer, who hearing 'the many glowing accounts of Illinois, in the year 1830 set- tled in Morgan Co., in the neighborhood of Franklin. When James Scott first ar- rived in the county his capital consisted of a team of horses, willing hands and great force of character, the prospect before him was anything but flattering. Jacksonville then had but seven small buildings, and Franklin comprised about the same. The following winter the deep snow set in which will ever be remembered years to come ; as the struggles and triumphs of the pioneers of Morgan Co. are fully de- scribed in the historical portion of this volume, we now follow the fortunes of Francis Scott. His preliminary education was received in log cabins and afterward completed in subscription schools. In 1847, he married Mrs. Burch, daughter of John Wyatt : five children blessed this union : Minerva E., Geo. M., Martha L., Wm. H., and Sarah F. Mr. Scott is one of Franklin's representative men ; his prop- erty he acquired by great industry and judgment ; having no capital to commence on, a self-made man, he has risen from the ranks to a leading position, and is well and favorably known, whose enter- prise is seen in everything worthy of patron- age SCOTT GEO. M. farmer, P.O. Frank- lin. Son of Francis M. and Sarah Scott, whc were among the early pioneers of Mor- gan Co., where George was born July, 1850, on the old homestead. The children were early instructed in the rudiments of hard work, and when old enough attended the neighborhood school. At twenty years of age Mr. Scott married Miss Martha Easley, of Auburn, Sangamon Co., 111. By this marriage three children : Adella P., born March 30, 1872; Curtis E., Dec. 7, 1874; Flossa M., Nov. 10, 1876. For the past twelve years Mr. Scott has been a resident of Franklin, wh.re he owns a comfortable property Scott Henry, farmer Franklin Scott Jonve. farmer, P.O. Franklin Scott Sylvanus, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Franklin Seymour Francis M. farmer, Sec. 37, P.O. Franklin Sharon Joseph, farm hand, works E. M. Rees SHEPPARD WM. W. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 3, P. O. Orleans, is the oldest son of Wm. S. and Jane L. Sheppard. William was born in Kentucky, and Jane, his wife, was born in East Tennessee ; they were married in Ohio, where their parents had removed before they came of age. From his father William inherited a moderate estate; he became a farmer in the vicinity of Winchester, and here the subject of this sketch was born May 5, 1827; at the age of 13, in the year 1842, the family moved to the West and settled first in Livingston Co., became residents of LaSalle Co. one year, and from there made their way to Morgan Co. and settled on a farm of eighty acres ; here William W. grew to manhood, receiving a liberal education. In 1852 he marred Miss S. M. Simpson, who was a daughter of Samuel Simpson, a native of Southampton, Eng- land, a watchmaker and jeweler by pro- fession, who afterward followed the same occupition on his arrival in America; in his vocation he had but few equals and perhaps no superior in America. From his boyhood Mr. Sheppard followed the occupation in which he is quite successful ; for many years has been extensively en- gaged as a cattle dealer in the St. Louis market ; is now living on his farm, com- prising 230 acres of well drained land, on which he has a beautiful farm residence. His fat: er, now upward of seventy-four years, resides with him. George, a younger brother of Mr. Sheppard, enlisted in Mont- gomery Co. in th- Fall of 1862 for three years service, until the close of the war ; was in many important battles ; honorably discharged at its close. The union of Mr. Sheppard to Miss Simpson was blessed with five children, two of whom are living. TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 651 Six Wm. P. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Franklin SLACK WM. A. farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Franklin, was born in Renthem Mass., Aug. II, 1833, where the family for three generations had settled. It is supposed the grandmother of the sub- ject of this notice wove the first cotton cloth on a power loom in Massachusetts. In the Spring of 1857 the family moved to Chicago, 111., with the exception of Wil- liam, who came the following summer, and there worked at his trade carpenter and joiner securing employment on McVicker's Theater. The following year he located at Jacksonville, 111., and worked on the Illi- nois Hospital for the Insane. On the 8th of September, 1859, he was united in mar- riage to Mary S. E. Clayton, daughter of Wm. C. Clayton, one of the earliest settlers of Morgan Co., whose name appears in the .historical portion of this work; three chil- dren blessed the union, two of whom are living, Mary Belle and William Henry ; Hiram, deceased. The writer was shown a mortar, probably used for medicinal pur- poses, and made of lignum vitse, that came over in the Mayflower, and has been handed down from generation to genera- tion. Charles Thompson, the great grand- father of William A. was chaplain in Wash- ington's army during the Revolution, where Gen. Washington frequently attended the services held on the field ; both husband and wife formed a cordial friendship with Gen. Washington, who was a frequent visitor at their fireside. Two mirrors and two large high -backed old-fashioned chairs were given by Mrs. Washington to Mrs. Thompson ; they are still in possession of relatives who reside in the East Smith John, farm hand, Sec. 27, P.O. Franklin SMITH D. G. physician, Franklin SMITH HARVEY (deceased). One of the original pioneers of Morgan Co., was born in Kentucky, of which State his father was a native, and by occupation a farmer ; many interesting reminiscences are not now remembered in reference to the early pioneers by the surviving relatives. On the old homestead he remained many years of his life ; there he formed a matri- monial alliance with Miss Martha Moore, who was born in Kentucky. Shortly after this epoch in his life he settled in Illinois, locating on farm property now comprised in T. 14, R. 10, he purchased land, and shortly afterward a rude log structure loomed up in the then sparsely settled prairie, this was anterior to the memorable year of the " deep snow," during that winter that will always live in the memory of the older in- habitants, departed this life ; an account of his death is fully recorded in the historical portion of this volume, and need not be repeated here. He left to the care of his wife two children, Gianderson, and William T., Granderson is now a resident of Mor- gan Co., and owns 100 acres of choice land. In 1851 was united in marriage to Miss Mellissa Masters. Four children now bless the declining years of their worthy parents, all of whom are living: Martha, Mary E., Phoebe A., and Charles H. SMITH SAMUEL, retired farmer. Mr. S. was the fourth child of Jesse and Elizabeth Smith, he was born in Wilks Co., North Carolina, January, 1803 ; autumn of same year parents moved to Kentucky, where they remained during life. In 1823, the subject of this sketch married Dorothy Hull, of Tennessee. For ten years he lived in Kentucky ; occupation, farmer; at the end of ten years moved to Morgan and settled ten miles south of Jacksonville, to what was called then Brown's Point ; there bought twenty acres of land at $1.25 per acre ; selling this he went to Macoupin Co., and there in time acquired two hun- dred acres ; resided there fifteen years, but Morgan Co. seems to have been his center of attraction, for at the end of this time he moved back, and is now a resident of Franklin. He is the father of six children, all living: Vienna, who first married Lem- uel Bristow, after his decease married Wyckoff Poling ; Lucinda, who married J. M. Coons, of Franklin ; Elizabeth E., who married J. P. Smith, of Kentucky; J. H., who married Miss Hattie Gregory, of Scottville, 111. ; W. A., who remains un- married, and D. G., who is a physician, well and favorably known in Franklin, and who married Miss M. J. Thompson ; three children living: C. W., Katy, and Fred; Myrtle and Stella, deceased Snow Ann Mrs., P.O. Franklin Spaenhower James, farm hand, Sec. 10, P.O. Pisgah 652 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Spaenhower Jeremiah, farm hand, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Spaenhower John, farm hand, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Spaenhower John, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Alex- ander Spaenhower Riley, farm hand, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah Spaenhower Thomas, farmer and carpenter, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah SPIRES JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 32 and 33, P.O. Franklin. Mr. Spires was born in North Carolina, in 1798, but passed many years of his life in Ken- tucky ; married Miss Susan Leech in 1819; when emigration turned westward he gath- ered together his household goods and started overland in a covered wagon, cross- ing the Wabash and passing Vandalia, he made his way into Illinois and settled on the farm he now owns; the family first took up their abode in a small dilapidated cabin; they afterward built a small frame house ; the following year after their settlement in Illinois, Mrs. Spires died, leaving a family of four children, the^ youngest but a few months old ; the following year, married Miss Melinda M. Sturgis ; nine children by first marriage : William T., Phoebe Jane, deceased ; Polly Ann and Sallie, deceased; by second marriage, living: John R., James B., Henry D., Anna, and Harvey Spreen Henry, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O Jackson- ville Stark John, farmer, P.O. Alexander Stewart Alexander, laborer, Franklin Stumpee Henry, farmer, P.O. Orleans Sublet James, laborer, Franklin SWAINE THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. II, P.O. Franklin. The gentleman who stands at the head of this sketch, was the oldest son of John and Mary.Swaine, natives of Wexford County, Ireland, where, in 1830, Thomas was born; on the little farm in the mother country, he was early put to work, receiving a com- mon education ; at nineteen years of age, pos essed of an adventurous disposition, he concluded to better his fortunes in the new world ; accordingly, during the Winter of 1850, with but little baggage and light capital, he stepped on board a sailing ves- sel ; after a tedious voyage he landed in New York ; in New Jersey he stayed a little while, then became a resident of Pennsylvania, and remained there two years; from this point he went to St. Louis, and eventually he brought up in Morgan Co., 111.; first worked by the month ; five years from this date he mar- ried Miss Ellen Shay, daughter of Daniel Shay. For four years Mr. Swaine held a position of steward in the Presbyterian Academy of Jacksonville ; a resident of that city for 12 years; in 1862 he rented a farm on Indian Creek ; during the war he contributed liberally of his means toward its prosecution ; in November, 1874, ^ rs - Swaine departed this life, leaving to the care of Mr. Swaine four children : Mary, Elizabeth, Daniel, and Nellie. May 21, 1874, he united his fortunes to Miss Fred erica Dessau, who was born in Hamburg, Germany, and while there a resident, a teacher in select school. At this writing Mr. Swaine lives on his farm, comprising 80 acres, acquired by will and energy WM. N. Dr., of Franklin, was born in Green Co., Ky., June 4, 1814 ; parents were Smith and Susan Tan- dy, whose maiden name was Williams. William received his preliminary educa- tion in a subscription school, held in a log cabin. While he was quite young his father departed this life ; when seventeen years old he concluded to go it on his own hook, and accordingly moved from Kentucky to Palmyra, Missouri, in 1831 ; there took up the practice of medicine with Dr. Wm. Torrence; from Palmyra he moved to Flor- ida, Monroe Co., Mo.; married Elizabeth Spence, of Virginia, Sept. 15, 1835 ; a res- ident there twelve years ; in 1859 his wife died, leaving to his care a family of ten children, eight of whom are living: Adol- phus, deceased ; Mary B., Emily S., Hen- rietta M., Thomas S., William A., de- ceased, Leonidas W., Edwin, Elizabeth, Willie, Ann. In the same year he mar- ried Mrs. Jane Ely, of Lick Creek, Rolls Co., Mo.; three children: EllaJ., Jessie M., Orrin E. In 1865 first moved to Morgan Co., and settled in Franklin ; a permanent resident there since 1872 ; thirteen years a practical physician in the State, and in the medical fraternity for thirty years Tannanhill Newton, engineer, Franklin TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST, 653 TAYLOR C. B., farmer and stock raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville, was born on his father's farm in Morgan Co., Dec. 2, 1840 ; with exception of eight months and time spent in Uncle Sam's service, has been a resident of Morgan Co. At second call for volunteers, when the call came for 300,000 troops, Mr. Taylor, enlibted at Jacksonville, in Co. G, 1st Missouri Cav., mustered into service at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. During his stay in the army, Mr. Taylor was engaged principally in scouting expeditions ; wounded near New Madrid. Mr. Taylor's record in the army is a bright page in his history ; many mar- velous escapes were made by him while in the service ; he bears the reputation among those who have his acquaintance, of having acquitted himself in the field in a very creditable manner ; honorably discharged at St. Louis, Mo., August, 1864 ; returned to Morgan Co.; married Mary F. Scott, Feb. 27, 1868, a resident of Morgan Co.; owns 137^2 acres; is worth $10,000 Taylor Fulton, renter, P.O. Jacksonville Telling Edward, farmer and stock, Sec. 33, P.O. Franklin THOMPSON WILLIAM, farmer, P.O. Pisgah, was the third child of John and Sarah, natives of Scarborough, Eng.; over half a century ago the Thompson family took their departure from England to America; by way of St. Louis they made their way into the bounds of Morgan Co., settling in Lynnville and purchasing farm property ; here William was born, March 2, 1848 ; when seven years old his father died, leaving a valuable estate, com- prising over 1,000 acres ; at the time of his death he ranked among the wealthy men of Morgan Co. By those intimately acquainted with him, he is described as a man of sterling integrity and the possessor of great force of character, and rose rapidly in his calling. The estate became divided up among nine children, and to his wife who survived him twenty-three years, who departed this life but a short time ago. William, who heads this sketch, became the possessor of eighty acres and considerable money ; in his twenty-fifth year he married Miss Emma M. Marshall, daughter of Michael and Mary C. Marshall ; this union C 2 was blessed with three children : Coza S., William F. and Carrie Topliff Dealton, wagon-maker, Franklin Topliff Ladore, painter, Franklin TOPLIFF OLIVER W. minister Christian Church, Franklin; was bom in Vermont, November 20, 1815, and re- mained a resident until 1831; he was then sixteen years of age; possessed of an adventurous disposition, he started from Vermont and made his way to the State of Ohio; here he remained twenty-five years; was there married to Clamanza Hoadly, of Ohio; four children blessed this union: Deala, Ladore, Hoadly, and Clarissa; while a resident of Ohio, Mr. Topliff was regularly ordained as a min- ister, and has held the pastorate of many different churches; possessed of a natural ability in any thing he might undertake, Mr. Topliff became a student of law, and also became skilled as a wagon maker; on the breaking out of the war he became chaplain of the ggth Regt. 111. Vol., and remained in the service ten months; was a participant in the battles of Black River Bridge, Chapparal Hill, Grand Gulf, Raymond, siege of Vicksburg, and numer- ous engagements; for many years Mr. T. has been a resident of Franklin, and during that time has been well and favor- ably known Tranberger John, renter, P.O. Franklin Tucker George, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Frank- lin WANSTONE THOMAS, farmer, Sec., V P.O. Pisgah Veir Caspar, works Brunk's stables, Frank- lin VIGELS JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Alexander; was born in Clinton County, Kentucky, June, 1847; at eighteen he was united in marriage to Miss Clarinda McCoy, a daughter of Jeremiah McCoy, a native of North Caro- lina; in 1867, he came West, and located near Orleans; early in the Spring of 1865, near the close of the war, a regiment was organized for State duty, but mustered in the U. S. service, Mr. Vigels joined Co. C, Kentucky Cavalry, at Creelsborough, Ken- tucky; was honorably discharged at Leb- 654 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. anon, after the close of the war; seven children, six living: Lauren A., James H., Wm. A., John F., Meredosia, and Hattie VXTAID A. B. bricklayer, Franklin Weatherford Thomas J. laborer, Franklin Weeden George, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Pisgah Westrope Willis, farm hand, P.O. Jackson- ville Wetter Lewis, farm hand, P.O. Jacksonville Whelen James, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Frank- lin Wood Iven, farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 10 and II, P. O. Jacksonville WOOD SAMUEJL JUDGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Pisgah; he was the oldest^ son of a family of nine children; he was born in Madison County, Kentucky, October 16, 1813; his parents moved from Virginia to Kentucky as early as 1810; the trip was made overland; the household goods were packed on horses; after some weeks of travel the little party reached the Blue Grass State, locating near Richmond; there they purchased land, and set about the hard task of clearing timber; they built a log cabin; the floors were made of split puncheon, the chimneys were made of sticks and mud; the prospect was gloomy indeed; but. Richard Wood seems to have been the right man in the right place; among the many hardy pioneers perhaps none could be found who worked harder than he, to procure the necessaries of life; in 1826, they set out for Illinois; they first settled in Madison County, on Silver Creek; here the family were attacked by bilious fever, which resulted in the death of the wife, who had shared with him innume'r- able hardships, and three children, Eliza- beth, Martha, and Richard; the first school Samuel attended was taught by Rice Duncan; the school house was a log structure, where no floor was laid down, and no window panes interfered, but the ventilation was abundant; here the scholars were instructed in Webster's spelling book and the New Testament; when these were thoroughly understood their education was completed; before the deep snow set in, Samuel had taken his last look at Webster, and now the hard work of the farm com- menced; in his thiiteenth year his parents moved to Morgan County; at the early age of nineteen he married Mrs. Martha Smith, relict of Harvey Smith, who per- ished during the winter of the deep snow; the occurrence is vividly impressed on the memory of many old settlers still living; at this time he did not have a capital of $100, and moved into a rough cabin where the door swung to and fro on wooden hinges, the bed was a one- legged affair, and the table manufactured of puncheons ; for eight years the young couple lived happily together in this rough backwoods style, and then built a more elegant affair of hewn logs ; both buildings have long since gone to decay, but they stood in the vicinity of where now stands Judge Wood's large and handsome resi- dence ; amid the surroundings of pioneer life, young Wood grew up with a vigorous constitution ; how he became so successful in after years may be summed up in a few words if he had anything to do he wasted no time, but attended to it ; he did not believe in sending a boy to mill when he could go himself ; from the little log cabin and the little patch of ground con- taining but a few acres, the pioneer boy of forty years ago, has got together over 3,000 acres in one of the most fertile counties in Illinois ; during the Mormon war of 1848, he was elected captain by the soldiers, and commissioned by Gov. Ford; for four years he was County Judge ; in 1874 he was elected to legislature, 2gth General Assem- bly ; he served in this capacity but one year, as there was but one session ; Judge Wood is an extensive cattle buyer; he han- dles on an average of 800 head of cattle ; his facilities for grazing are unsurpassed. Although wealth and prosperity attended the efforts of Mr. Wood, his liberality and kindness of heart are well known ; no man to-day, perhaps, stands higher in the esti- mation of the people of Morgan Co. than the gentleman whose name heads this sketch WRIGHT BROS., dealers in general merchandise, drugs, oils, paints, varnishes, etc., etc. The firm first became established in business in the Spring of 1875 ; both members of the firm were born in Morgan Co.: A. H., the elder member, was born TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 655 Oct. 3, 1844, received his preliminary edu- cation in district schools, which was after- ward completed in the Jacksonville High School, there becoming proficient in the rudiments of book-keeping ; for some years followed farming ; April 6, 1871, married Miss Mary Poling, granddaughter of James Langley and daughter of Wyckoff Poling ; moved to Franklin in 1871. B. F. Wright, the junior member, born Oct. 21, 1852, likewise received his preliminary education in district schools, and subsequently at- tended Illinois College, at Jacksonville ; married Miss Sallie Hill, daughter of J. H. Hill, of Franklin. Children of A. H. Wright : J. Langley, born April 22, 1872; Geoffrey P., born April 9, 1874 ; Carl, March n, 1878, an infant child. B. F. Wright has one child : Emma ; one de- ceased Wright John C., stock buyer, Franklin Wright Kisrah Mrs. Franklin Wright Lizzie Mrs. laundress, Franklin Wright Wm. M. harness-maker, Franklin WYATT W. J. Col., son of John and Rebecca Wyatt. His father was a na- tive of Virginia ; Rebecca, his wife, was born in Kentucky ; as early as 1822 they moved from Missouri to Morgan Co., 111., and settled near what is now the city of Jacksonville, on farm property ; on this farm the subject of this sketch was born in 1825, and here passed the days of his boy- hood and early youth ; at the age of twenty he entered the Mexican service, in 1846, raising Co. G, 1st 111. Vol., and was unani- mously elected captain, under the command of Colonel J. J. Hardin ; as an officer, Cap- tain Wyatt was universally respected by the soldiers ; mustered into the service June 17, 1846, and went to the front shortly afterward, and became a participant in the famous battle of Buena Vista ; here it will be remembered the brave and talented offi- cer, Colonel Hardin, was killed in the heat of action. Capt. Wyatt, who was an inti- mate friend, in company with his orderly sergeant and others, brought in the lifeless remains from the field ; the body first found a resting place in Mexican soil ; it was sub- sequently interred in the East cemetery at Jacksonville, 111. Capt. Wyatt was honor- ably discharged in 1847, at Camargo, Mex- ico, and returned to Morgan Co. The following year married Mrs. Eliza A. Wil- liams, of Manchester, Scott Co., 111.; three children : Mary A., born Nov. 2, 1849 ; James, born Nov. 17, 1851, deceased; and George H., born 1854. When the rebel- lion came on Mr. Wyatt was commissioned Lieut. Colonel of the loist Regiment 111. Vol., by Gov.Yates; he was the choice of the boys in blue ; for ten months he remained in the service of Uncle Sam, and on account of physical disability, was honorably dis- charged at St. Louis, Mo., May 9, 1863, and returned to Morgan Co. At this writing he resides in Franklin ; he takes a leading position in farming and stock raising ; his judgment as a stock raiser and buyer is unparalleled ; he also figures con- spicuously as a politician, whose name has been frequently mentioned in connection with responsible offices, but he has invaria- bly declined Wyatt David, farm hand, Franklin Wyatt Henry, farmer, P.O. Franklin yACHARV SAMUEL, farmer, Sec. 2, ^ P.O. Orleans FRANKLIN BUSINESS CARDS. COONS J. M. dealer in family gro- ceries, drugs, patent medicines, hardware, etc., Franklin, 111. HARLEY W. G. farmer. Makes a specialty of sheep shearing. Work done rapidly and in a superior manner. P.O. Franklin HART GEORGE, keeps on hand and is constantly receiving fresh supplies of choice goods, consisting in part of fine coffees, sugars, teas, syrups, tobacco, hard- ware, cutlery, and notions of all kinds. Goods cheap for cash or produce. A share of the public patronage solicited. South Main Street, next door to P.O., Franklin 656 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. HILL JAMES, physician and surgeon, Franklin J O 1ST E S REUBEN, brickmaker, Franklin LANGLEY & POLING, dealers in dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, hats, caps, etc., Franklin, 111. MANSFIELD J. B. & CO. Farmers' flouring and woolen mills, Franklin, 111. McCULLOUGH S. P. & CO. Franklin flouring and saw mill, Franklin, 111. BEINBACH & DUNCAN, Frank- lin, 111., are prepared to do all kinds of house and sign painting, graining and calci- m in ing on short, notice. The best work at the lowest prices. CLARENCE REINBACH, W. W. DUNCAN. RIGG A. P. justice of the peace and conveyancer, Franklin, 111. SMITH D. G. physician and surgeon, Franklin, 111. TANDY WM. N. M.D., physician and surgeon, Franklin, 111. TOPLIFF OLIVER W. wagon maker, Franklin WRIGHT BRO. dealers in drugs, groceries, hardware, queensware, boots and shoes, etc., Franklin, 111. TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 1O WEST. A DAMS JOEL S. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. ** Woodson Adams John U. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Jack- sonville Anderson E. C. farm hand, P.O. Jackson- ville Angelo John, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Jackson- ville ANTHONY MARTIN Lu Woodson, minister of "Christ's Church," son of Christopher and Anne J. Anthony, of Ken- tucky; descendants of German ancestry, having emigrated here during our struggle with the mother country. Martin Anthony was born in Morgan Co., May 14, 1851 ; at the age of seven years, commenced his education at the log school house, under the care of Miss Mary Rucker ; in his six- teenth year, gave up the abode of learning to engage his time on the farm ; since that time, has, by close application, acquired a thorough knowledge of the writings of the fathers, and is a practical, self-made schol- ar. In 1868, moved to Macoupin County, and engaged in farming ; at the early age of seventeen, united with the Baptist Church ; in his twentieth year, was called to the ministry ; his first sermon was de- livered at Roodhouse ; after preaching in Macoupin Co. four years, moved to Pike Co.; this was about 1872 ; thence to Scott Co., and there held a protracted meeting at Big Spring church, which resulted in the addition to the fold of forty-five members. It was during his preaching here that the " brethren " detected that Mr. Anthony's doctrinal enunciations pointed to Camp- belliteism ; a dispute ensued, and the next Sabbath, by agreement, he delivered his opinions, taking his text as follows : " I endure all things for the elect sake, that they may also obtain salvation that is in Christ Jesus, with eternal glory." 2 Tim., ii, 10. This discourse brought on the cri- sis, hence Mr. Anthony withdrew from the Baptist Church, and at once identified himself with the Christian Church, was elected elder in 1877, and has since devoted his life and energies to the spread of gos- pel truths. His membership with "Christ's Church," commenced while he was a resi- dent of Glasgow, Scott Co. In January, 1877, by invitation of the church at Wood- son, held a protracted meeting ; his lucid enunciation of the Scripture so pleased the church, that he was solicited to preach for them, and in March, 1877, moved his fam- ily and located here, and now his field of labor embraces Scottville, Apple Creek, and Waverly ; was married April 5, 1874, to Miss Emma Frances Summers, daughter of Green and Elsie Summers, by the Rev. Isom Roberts of the Baptist Church. The fruits of this union are : Augusta Alice, born April 20, 1875 ; Lillie Anne, born Dec. 26, 1877. Mrs. Anthony was born Aug. 5, 1854. Mr. Anthony owns a good property, is a genial and courteous gentle- man, a kind husband and father, and be- loved by all T) AKER A. J. wagon maker, Woodson BALL, LEONID AS, brick -layer and plasterer, born in Sangamon Co., 111., April 3, 1835. His father was an extensive farmer and blacksmith ; when twelve years of age, parents moved to Jefferson Co., la.; at the age of. twenty, Mr. Ball returned with his parents to Illinois, settling again in Sangamon ; after one year's residence, Mr. Ball 'moved to Missouri and resided five years ; married Miss Adelia Jones, daughter of Thomas and Lucinda Jones, natives of Virginia ; at the breaking out of the rebellion, returned to Sangamon Co., afterward to Morgan Co., where he now re- sides ; holds office of school director and constable, sexton, superintendent and clerk of Church of Christ. Three children ; John T., Florence Ann, infant child deceased BARROW NEWTON L,. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville ; parents were Aaron K. and AH J., who were among the 658 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. earliest settlers of Southern Illinois, who settled in Morgan Co. as early as 1830, emigrating from Kentucky ; on his father's farm in Morgan Co., young Barrow was born Oct. 4, 1844 ; his preliminary educa- tion was received in the district schools, and completed in the high school of Jack- sonville. In 1876, was united in marriage to Mrs. Sarah Barnhart, who was the daughter of James and Rebecca Walker, natives of Virginia ; the first husband of Mrs. B. was Levi Barnhart, who passed off the stage of life Nov. 10, 1875 ; five chil- dren by first marriage : James W., Joseph N., George N., Charles C., Levi A.; second marriage : Ira Hurlbut. Mr. B. is living on estate of 140 acres Ball Smith, blacksmith, Woodson BARR A. Y. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville, son of Ebenezer and Mehitabel Barr, whose maiden name was Palmer. Ebenezer was a native of Boston, Mass. His wife a native of New York. They afterward removed to Erie Co., Pennsylvania, where young Barr was born Aug. 2, 1817. The head of the family was by occupation a carpenter, who worked at his calling during the war of 1812, and was presented with a battle ax used in the construction of vessels of war. He as- sisted in the erection of many block houses used in repelling an attack. The ax men- tioned is now in the possession of the subject of this sketch. In 1832, the family moved to Ohio; in 1838 to Illinois, set tling in Morgan Co., where he passed the remainder of his days. June 13, 1848, A. Y. Barr married Miss Mary P. Crawley ; several years after he benight one hundred and ten acres near Woodson, his present property. Mr. B. has a large family ; one daughter highly gifted, who will some day win a name in the art world. Barrows J. Y. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Barrow Marshall, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 15, P.O.Jacksonville Barry Wm. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville Bentley Chas. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wood- son BEN TLE Y DAVID, farmer and stock- raiser, Sec. 34, P.O. Woodson. Mr. Bent- ley was born near Doncaster, Yorkshire, England, in 1816, there he grew to man" hood, becoming a farmer. In 1840 he was united in marriage to Miss Ann Robinson, a native of Yorkshire. In 1852 he emi- grated to America, and first settled near Jacksonville, Morgan Co. In 1868 he purchased 120 acres of land. Mr. B. came to this country without capital, save a good natural ability and a desire to become successful in life ; a gentleman of strict integrity, he thinks and acts for him- self. Children : Charles, David, Summer- well, Julia Ann, John S., and Sylvia Ann ; seven deceased. John and Charles Bentley are well known for their skill in the use of the shot-gun Berry man Geo. renter, Sec. n, P.O. Jackson- ville BOYER ABBIE MRS. wid. of Eli- sha Boyer, an early settler in Morgan Co., who on arrival became a partner of Lewis Hatfield, and afterward with John Mathers, for a number of years in brick making ; he was very successful ; manufactured the brick for the Methodist Church, Behren College, first Blind Asylum, also the resi- dence of M. P. Ayres ; was a resident of Jacksonville over thirty years ; a member of Illini Lodge, No. 4, I.O.O.F., also of Grand Lodge of the State. He was born in Stocks Co., North Carolina, in 1823 ; in 1873 Mr. Boyer lived at Little Rock, Ark., the family having moved there on account of Mr. Boyer's health. Mrs. Boyer, in 1877, located at Woodson ; she was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1836. Chil- dren ; Anna, Abbie, Cynthia, Lizzie, Em- ma, Jodie, Ruth, Lillie ; Ollie, deceased BROWN CAROLINE A. farming, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville, was the daughter of Charles Springer, and widow of Bedford Brown, a native of Kentucky, where Mrs. Brown was born Sept. 28, 1805 ; at sev- enteen was united in marriage to Bedford Brown. For many years her husband fol- lowed the occupation of carpenter. In 1828, the family, then consisting of husband, wife, and three children, moved to Jacksonville, Morgan Co. ; on arrival husband entered 600 acres of land, but worked at trade a number of years. In 1830 he moved on to his farm property. Becoming very suc- cessful, he accumulated wealth. May 26, 1873, he passed peacefully away. In his TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 659 death the county lost one of its most up- right and honorable citizens Brown Geo. L. farmer, Sec. 26, PO. Jackson- ville Brown Robert, farmer, Sec 24, P.O. Jackson- ville Bugey Thomas, renter, P.O. Woodson Burchet J. renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Woodson BTJSEY SAMUEL, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Woodson, son of Daniel and Eliza- beth, early pioneers of Morgan Co., who came here in 828. On his father's farm, near Jacksonville, young Samuel was born Jan. 26, 1840; his education, though ac- quired in district schools, was quite liberal for the times. In 1865 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ely, daughter of Dennis and Catherine. In 1862 he en- listed in Co. E, yoth 111. Inft., at Jackson- ville, and mustered into the service at Springfield, 111. ; after five months spent in the service of the U. S. he was honorably discharged at Alton, 111. ; and returning to Morgan Co. March 12, 1865, he united with the Baptist Church ; in 1866, licensed as a minister, and in 1871 he was regularly ordained ; his field of labor lying in Mor- gan Co. Children : Mary, Charles, and Eva ; two deceased, Etta and infant child BUTLER THOS. farmer and stock- raiser, Sees. 21 and 22, P.O. Woodson. Mr. Butler was born in Cheshire, England, June, 1832 ; resided in England twenty- five years ; education was received there in parochial schools ; emigrated to America in June, 1858, and located in Morgan Co., 111. ,at Lynnville township, and first worked by the month. While in England he was married to Miss Sarah Filkin. In 1853 purchased eighty acres in 16-13; in 1856 bought eighty acies in 14-10 ; in 1874 pur- chased one hundred and sixty in 14-10, total number acres, 340. Seven children : Samuel L., born Oct. 18, 1861 ; Wm. R., Oct. 5, 1863 ; Chas. E., May 24, 1865 ; Thos. H., April 18, 1867; Beatrice E., March 19, 1869 ; John Simpson, Oct. 19, 1870 ; Edna G., March 23, 1872 DAVID, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. ^-^ Woodson CADE WM. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Murrayville, 111., son of David and Mary Cade, natives of England ; Wil- liam was born in Lancashire, England, April, 1837 ; when 12 years of age his pa- rents emigrated to America, and first settled in Philadelphia. Pa. In the Spring of 1858 the family, with the exception of William, who came the following year, moved to Morgan Co. Nov. 16, 1861, he was married to Miss Martha Ann Sheplar, daughter of Benj. and Maria Sheplar, pioneers of Morgan Co. Since his arrival in Morgan Co. Mr. Cade has turned his attention to farming ; owns 105 acres of land. Children : Lavina C., born Jan. 26, 1863 ; Edwin, born June 25, 1869 ; Mary and Maria, twins, born Dec. 25, 1871 ; Benjamin D., born Sept. 3, 1872 ; Harry, born June 12, 1876 Calkins Hiram, renter, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson CAMPBELL, JAS. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Woodson, son of Alex, and Lydia Campbell, was born in Jefferson Co., In- diana, Jan. 12, 1828 ; married Dec. 8, 1853, to Frances Combs, who was born in Staf- ford Co., Virginia ; came to Morgan Co. in 1851, settling sixteen miles southeast of Jacksonville. Five children : Maggie, Mary, Emma, and Eddie, all born in Morgan Co. Carrigan Edward, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Wood- son Carrigan Michael, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson CARRIGAN JOHN, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Tipperary Co., Ireland, in 1808. About the year 1851 he emigrated to America with his family ; having married while there Miss Mary Dudy, daughter of John and Mar- garet. On corning to America he settled in Morgan Co., and purchased eighty acres. Nine children were born, all of whom are living Patrick, Michael, Mary, Morris, Kate, John, Julia, Nellie, and Edward CARRIGAN PATRICK, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson, son of John and Mary Carrigan. He was born in Tipper- ary Co., Ireland ; resided there up to the age of 17 ; in the Spring of 1853 he step- ped on board the sailing vessel Samuel Lawrence ; after a short voyage landed at New Orleans, and from there came direct to Morgan Co. ; he first worked by the month. In 1858, married Catherine Dow- 660 MORGAN COUNTY DIKECTOBY. ling, daughter of John and Betsey Bowling. Six children: John, born 1859; Jane, born 1861 ; Patrick, born 1863; Mary E., born 1868; Michael E., born 1869; Marice- born 1875 ; William and Mary E., deceased. Mrs. Carrigan departed this life in 1874, and was laid at rest in the Catholic ceme- tery at Jacksonville Carson Andrew, renter, P.O. Jacksonville Clark Jos. A. renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville Clark Marc, renter, Sec. 2. P.O. Jacksonville CL.ERIHAN J. R. farmer and stock- raiser, Sees. 33 and 34, P.O. Woodson, son of Isaac and Catharine Clerihan, natives of Kings Co., Ireland, where Mr. Clerihan was born in 1839, and there received a lib- eral education. When eight years old his father died ; at ten the family moved to Manchester, England ; at seventeen, the subject of this sketch enlisted in the Eng- lish army, where he served two years, emigrated to America shortly after. He became a resident of Sunny Plains, N. J., for a time ; thence to Jacksonville, Morgan Co., where he first worked by the month. April i, 1864, he enlisted in the Sixth 111. Cav., at Jacksonville, for three years service. Principal battles engaged in : Lawrence- burg, Nashville, and Shoal Creek. On the close of the war he was honorably dis- charged at Selma, Ala., and returned to Morgan Co. Feb. 14, 1866. he was united in marriage to Miss Jane Donald CLERIHAN M. J. farmer and stock- raiser, correspondent Jacksonville Journal, Sec. 31, P.O. Woodson. The subject of this sketch was born in Kings Co., Ire- land, in 1839; his parents were Isaac and Catherine. In 1849, his parents moved to Manchester, England. In 1856, in com- pany with a brother, M. J. came to Amer- ica. In 1857, located in Morgan Co., 111. At the breaking out of the Rebellion was the first man enlisted in Co. B, Hardin Light Guards, Tenth 111. Inft., enlisted at Jacksonville and mustered into service at Cairo. Was in the engagement when the destruction of forces occurred under Jeff Thompson ; was a participant in the battle of New Madrid, Mo., March, 13, 1862; Tiptonville, Tenn., April 7, 1862 ; Farm- ington, Miss., May 3, 1862; Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 5, '62 ; Lavergne, Tenn., Dec. 30, 1862 ; Anderson Cross Roads, Tenn., Oct. I, 1863; Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863; Fort Chickamauga, Nov. 26, 1863; Buzzard Roost, Feb. 25, 1864 ; Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1864; Rome, Ga., May 2ist, 1864; Kenesaw, June 27 ; White House Station, July 27 ; East Point, Ga., Aug. 16 ; Peach Tree Creek, July 22 ; followed the fortunes of the regiment up to the investment of Atlanta. Honorably discharged at Chat- tanooga, Tenn., Aug. 31, 1864; subse- quently enlisted in Co. H, Fifth Regt. Hancock's Veteran Corps. Present during trial of conspirators at Washington, D. C. ; also present at the execution. Honorably discharged at New York City, March 23, 1866. Married while in New York City Miss Catherine Hickey, April I, 1866 ; shortly after removed to Morgan Co., where he now resides on his farm. Mr. C. is the author of the History of the Tenth 111. Inft., a graceful, easy writer, and an affable, courteous gentleman Clerihan Thos. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Woodson COFFMAN A. H. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Virginia, Aug. 13, 1830. Parents were Abraham and Rachel, who were natives of Virginia, for over twenty-five years Mr. Coffman re- sided in Virginia on the old homestead. In 1854, the family, including the subject of this notice, removed to Morgan Co. ; since the date of his arrival Mr. C., who heads this sketch, has been a resident and the owner of farm property seven miles south- east of Jacksonville Coffman James, Woodson Combs Elizabeth, P.O. Woodson Cornatt Thoma/, carpenter, Woodson Cowan David, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jackson- ville Cowan D. John, Sec. n, P.O. Jacksonville Cox Susan Mrs. widow, Woodson CRAIG A. P. farmer, Sec. 13. P.O. Jacksonville; Mr. Craig was born in Mor- gan County, March 6, 1855; at twenty-one he married Miss Dora Barr, a daughter of A. T. Barr; one child: Leroy, born Nov. 10, 1876 CRAIG EDWARD, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville; Mr.Craig was born in Louisville, Kentucky, Sep- tember 19, 1807; his father by occupation was a millwright and carpenter; same year his parents moved to Shelbyville, Ken- TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 661 tucky; at eighteen, young Craig became apprenticed to a tanner; for him he worked four years; in 1829, he moved to Morgan County; 1830, two years later, he married Miss Mary Ann Posey, whose parents settled in Morgan County as early as 1827, when lake, shore, and river bore the impress of nature; after the usual hardships inci- dent to an early settlement in a new country, Mr. Craig has secured a comfort- able home; his wife still survives; children: William P., George E., Belle M., Loyd A., and Alexander P.; Mr. Craig owns 190 acres CRAIG GEORGE E. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville, son of Edward and Mary Craig, was born on the old home- stead in Morgan County, December, 1844; with the exception of four years spent jn Champaign County, George has always re- mained in Morgan County.receiving a liber- al education; in 1870, he married Miss Anna Flatford, daughter of Nathaniel Flatford, an early pioneer of this county; three years after marriage, George moved on to the farm of T. T. Ransdel, consisting of 160 acres; three children: Charles, born July 14, 1872, died same year; Mary Louise, May 19, 1874; Clara E., Sept. 4, 1876 CRAIG GEORGE W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville, son of George and Rebecca Craig, natives of Virginia; Mr. Craig was born in Morgan County, in 1846, the family having moved to Illinois in an early day; the subject of this sketch, with little exception, has always resided in Morgan County, where he re- ceived a liberal eduation; Mr. Craig married Miss Mary R. Dobbins, a daughter of Thomas and Sarah R. Dobbins; by this marriage two children: Willie, born Aug- ust, 1870, and Carrie, September, 1872 CRAIG L. A. tile manufacturer, Wood- son; born in Morgan County, December 3, 1849; received a common school education; at twenty-two married Miss Dora Snow, daughter of Rev. C. G. Snow, of Carroll- ton, Greene County; in 1876, located at Woodson; started a tile factory, taking in as partner A. H. Bohne; this is perhaps the only manufactory of the kind in the county; the works have a capacity of turning out four thousand tile per day; the tile made are manufactured from fine clay, and are of a very superior quality; a Quaker City press is used, as it is acknowledged by all to be a very superior one; tile are some- thing the farmer can not possibly dispense with, and Mr. Craig, who now conducts the business, Mr. Bohne having disposed of his interest, will be compelled to extend the works to meet the wants of increasing trade CRAIG SARAH E. MRS. Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville; Mrs. Craig was born in Luzerne County, Penn., in the year 1819; her parents were John and Hannah Mes- senger, whose name before her marriage was Pike; for thirty-five years Mrs. C. re- mained in Pennsylvania, and there married John Keating; up to 1870, Mrs. C. became a resident of the Garden City, and her husband became very successful as a con- tractor and builder; at this date Mrs. Craig removed from Chicago to Morgan County, and purchased 40 acres of land, some five miles from Jacksonville; one child: Mary E., who married George Fall, a native of Buffalo, N.Y. Craig W. P., P.O. Woodson Crone Robert, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson Grouse Hamilton, farmer. Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville Cunningham Robert, blacksmith, Woodson 1~\ETON DAVID, fanner, Sec. 35,' P.O. Woodson DEVORE U. J. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville; son of John and Margaret Devore, whose maiden name was Barlow, a native of Virginia, John, her husband, a native of Pennsylvania; as early as 1770, the ancestors of Mr. Devore moved to Kentucky, Fayette County, near Lexington, where the subject of this sketch was born, April 11, 1805 ; his father owning a farm of 70 acres, the young man was early put to work, from the time he could handle an ax or follow a plow; he received a good education in subscription schools; at twen- ty-one he became apprenticed to the trade of wagonmaker, and served his time; at twenty-four, 1828, he married Sarah Jane Mallery, of Kentucky; after his marriage he remained in Kentucky two years, and then proceeded to Morgan County, where he settled on a rented farm; in 1832, having amassed $100, he bought 80 acres of land; 662 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. he now owns a fine property and handsome residence; Mr. D. is a most estimable man, who has many friends, and few, if any, enemies DEVORE WILLIAM, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville; son of U. J. and Sarah H. Devore, who were among the early settlers of southern Illi- nois William was born on the old home- stead; from his father he inherited a vigorous constitution and energy, that made him a successful business man; in 1869, he married Miss Davenport, a daughter of the Rev. Milton C. Davenport, a Baptist minister of Morgan County; five children: Clara B., Mattie J., Mary, John M., and infant child; Mr. Devore is the owner of 30 acres, and manages 175 Dowling James, farmer, P.O. Woodson Dowling Jeremiah, farmer, Sees. 18 and 19, P.O. WoOdson Dowling John F. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson Dowling John J. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Wood- son Dowling Patrick, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson Dowling Thomas, farm hand, P.O. Woodson "PLY DENNIS, renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson Ely George W. renter, Sec. 30, P.O. Wood- son Ely William, renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson Edgmon Alex, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jackson- ville ENNIS IRA D. farmer and stock raiser, P. O. Woodson ; the subject of this sketch was born in Morgan County, about the year 1852; his parents were among the early settlers of Morgan; for many years young Ennis resided in Jacksonville, and there received his education; married Miss Ely; his father having purchased farm property, he turned his attention to farm- ing, in which he bids fair to succeed BANNING GEORGE, Sec. 35, P.O. Woodson Ferguson John, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Wood- Ferguson W. R., farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Wood- son Filkin Richard, renter, P.O. Woodson Finch John, renter, Sec. 18, P.O. Jackson- ville Fitzgerald Sylvester, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Woodson Flannagan Thomas, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Jacksonville Flatford Nathaniel, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville Forsythe William, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Woodson (~* ALLAGER CHARLES, farm hand ^"^ Galloway James W. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Woodson GENTRY JAMES M. son of John P. and Catherine Gentry, natives of Vir- ginia, where Mr. Gentry was born, Oct. 27, 1804; the father was a carpenter by trade, and also followed farming; he settled in Kentucky as early as 1806, and there became the owner of a plantation, which James afterward managed; May 26, 1824, he married Jane Elliott, of Kentucky; in 1830, the elder Gentry, accompanied by his family of wife and four children, moved to Sangamon County, Illinois, and in July, 1832, moved to Morgan; we now follow the fortunes of the subject of this notice: he relates that the first crop put in was corn and oats, 15 acres corn, and 10 acres oats; when the time arrived for harvesting, the oats were laid on the ground, and there tramped out by horses; when threshed it was taken to Jacksonville, and there sold for ten cents per bushel; Mr. Gentry is now living on his farm of 116 acres; his wife still survives, they having lived together over half a century GORHAM STEPHEN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Jacksonville; son of John and Sarah, whose maiden name was Sanders; Stephen was born in Morgan County, Dec. 18, 1840, on the farm he grew up on; was liberally educated; in 1861, at twenty-two years of age. went to California, and remained three years; he then returned to Morgan County; in 1865, married Elizabeth Johnson, daughter of Nathaniel and Elizabeth; his wife passed away in 1866; in 1869, married Rebecca Delaney, daughter of William and Polly Delaney, who were among the early pioneers of Morgan County, as like- wise were the parents of Mr. Gorham; the TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. greater part of his life Mr. G. has resided in Morgan County; is the owner of 1 10 acres of well improved land; is worth $10,000; one child by first marriage, who died in infancy; children by second mar- riage: William J., and Luella Gougherty John, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Wood- son Gougherty Mary, widow James, Sec. 29, P.O. Woodson GREEN A. B. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville; son of Stephen and Cynthia Ann; his father was a native of Ohio, the mother of Tennessee or Kentucky; when Stephen was fourteen, his parents came to Morgan County; on arriving at man's estate Stephen was united in marriage, and as the years rolled by there came a large family, of whom A. B. was among the younger; he was born in Morgan County, June 26, 1837; at that time the father had amassed a fine property of some 506 acres, and here young Green grew up, attending to the many duties of the farm, and receiv- ing a liberal education; February 12, 1860, married Miss Mary Rector, daughter of James L. and Minerva J., who were among the pioneers of Morgan County; Mr. G. is the owner of 400 acres of well improved land, some seven miles south- east of Jacksonville; seven children blessed this union, all of whom are now living: F. Nettie, born Dec. 21, 1861; E. Clifton, Dec. 13, 1862; James M., Sept. 18, 1864; Charles L., July 10, 1867; Elmer A., April 20, 1870; Lelia M., June 6, 1871; Minnie R., Oct. 14, 1877 GREEN D. C. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Morgan Co. in 1829 ; parents, James and Mary Green, born in Virginia and Ohio respectively; as early as 1821, James moved to Illinois, locating in Morgan Co. at a time when Jacksonville did not exist, and when the site of it was marked by stakes, as guides for the emigrant or settler. Young Green grew up on the farm and received a com- mon school education ; in 1850 he moved on to the farm where he now resides, which consists of 103 acres. The estate of Mr. Green formerly comprised 500 acres. In 1859, when the tornado devastated Morgan Co., Mr. Green lost some $5,000 worth of property, his dwelling house being wrecked, fences blown down, and horses and cattle carried through the air and killed. It is stated on good authority, that rails carried high in the air, on their descent, were driv- en into the ground to the depth of three feet or more. In 1861, Mr. Green married Sarah E. Ransdel ; children : Luna V. and John S. Green David, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville TTALEY JOHN, renter, P.O. Woodson Hammel Isaac D. farmer, P.O. Jack- sonville Harney Arthur W. school teacher, P.O. Woodson Harney F. M. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson HARNEY JOHN R. retired farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson, son of Wm. and Margaret H.; parents natives of Maryland. John was born in Fayette Co., Ky., July 8, 1806 ; he grew up on farm, receiving such education as the school of the period afford- ed ; in 1824, married Eliza Ann Wilson, daughter of Perry and Rachel Wilson, near Lexington, Ky.; came to Morgan Co. in 1819, and located six miles southeast of Jacksonville ; it was then composed of log cabins mostly ; since coming to Morgan Co. Mr. H. has been quite unfortunate ; for years his wife has been an invalid, but in the declining years of life the aged couple are comfortably situated, owning 80 acres and residence near Woodson. He is a worthy Christian man, and highly regarded by all who know him ; children are : Mary Ann, Caroline Margaret, James V., and Virginia James, deceased Harrington Albert, farm hand, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville Harris Joseph, farm hand, Sec. 4, P.O. Jack- sonville HATCHER JOHANNA MISS, Woodson, born Morgan Co., near Jackson- ville, Sept. 1829; parents were, Richard, a native of Virginia, and Elizabeth, his wife also ; family first moved from Virginia to Kentucky, and remained six years, thence to Morgan Co. in 1823. Mr. H. became an extensive farmer ; he died in the sixty- fourth year of his age, and his wife, May 4, 1863, at sixty-three years of age ; Miss Hatcher became heir to a part of the es- 664 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. tate. Alfred B. Hatcher, farmer, Wood- son, born in Morgan Co., April 27, 1844, on the old homestead, and received a lib- eral education ; since '69 has been a resi- dent of Woodson, and owns a nice proper- ty. The writer was shown a plume made from ostrich feathers, that Richard Hatch- er, heretofore mentioned, had used in the Black Hawk war, which occurred in 1832. He entered the service from Morgan Co. Hatcher Burt, carpenter, Woodson Hawks Henry, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Wood- son He'mbrough Robert, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville Hembrough Thomas, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville Hembrough W. H. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville Henderson Aramisa, Sec. 8, P.O. Jackson- ville Henry Charles E. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Woodson HENRY E. B. farmer and small-fruit grower, Woodson, born near Lexington, Ky., in 1827 ; when eight years old his parents moved to Morgan Co., settling six miles south of Jacksonville ; at nineteen, the subject of this sketch, date, 1846, en- listed in the Mexican war, under command of Col. John J. Hardin, in Co. G, 1st 111. Inf.; participated in the battle of Buena Vista ; was honorably discharged at Cam- argo, Mexico, and returned by way of the Gulf of Mexico,- and overland to Morgan Co.; in 1862 he enlisted in Co. F, loist III. Inf., for three years' service ; engaged in many important battles of the war, as Hol- ly Springs, Dec. 20, 1862 ; Wahatchie, Oct. 28, 1863 ; Mission Ridge, Nov. 24, 25 and 26; Resaca, May 14 and 15, 1864 ; Cars- ville, Ga., May 19, 1864; near Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864; while in latter engagement severely wounded in head ; honorably dis- charged June 30, 1865, at Quincy, 111., and returned to Morgan Co.; married Mrs. Jennie N, Holden, whose husband died in the army. Since the close of the war Mr. H. has been a resident of Woodson ; was elected justice of the peace in 1868, which he held till '77 ; children : Sarah J., Isabel, Adeline, Edwin R. and Steven R. Henry Geo. W. farmer. Sec. 32, P.O. Wood- son HENRY JESSE, farmer and stock- raiser, Sees. 33 and 34, P.O. Woodson, born in Mercer Co., Ky., Sept. 28, 1812; his father was a saddler by trade, but after- ward became a farmer. Young H. re- mained in the county until twenty-three years old; at this time, 1833. moved to Morgan Co. First settled on rented farm; a year later, married Martha E. McConnell, a native of Bourbon Co., Ky.; in 1842, took contract for the construction of the Great Western Railway, now Toledo, Wa- bash and Western ; cleared $2,500 ; he then became an extensive stock buyer, and for the fifteen years he followed it, he be- came very successful ; in 1844, purchased 460 acres ; in 1848, 240. As a farmer Mr. Henry has been very successful, due to his great energy and business capacity. Chil- dren : Edward, Lucy, Nancy, Samuel, and Mary Henry John R. farmer, Sec, 34, P.O. Wood- son HENRY JOHN T. Postmaster and station agent, and freight and ticket agent of the Jacksonville & C.& A.R.R., Wood- son. Mr. Henry was born near Lexing- ton, Ky., June 9, 1809 ; his father was a farmer, and on the old homestead the boy grew up, received a suitable education ; relates that at an early day, when a boy got beyond fractions, he was regarded as a superior scholar ; at fourteen apprenticed to a tailor, served seven years ; at twenty- one worked as journeyman in Springfield, Jacksonville, and Carrolton; Nov. 14, 1830, settled at Jacksonville, Morgan Co.; only one brick building at the time ; remembers distinctly the deep snow ; speaks of the early pioneers as a very friendly people ; states that they organized for the relief of the widows and orphans. Deer were plen- ty before the snow, but were killed by the thousands after its fall. In 1856, went to Macon Co.; remained until the breaking out of the war ; after close of the rebellion moved back to Morgan Co., where he is now living in Woodson, and is highly re- garded by all who have his acquaintance HENRY RICHARO, an old pioneer of Morgan Co., and R.R. promoter, born in Lexington, Ky., Oct. 31, 1797 ; in 1830, moved to Morgan Co., near Jacksonville, shortly after the deep snow fell ; in 1838, TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 665 himself, Ira Davenport, and George H., a brother, took a contract for building the first railroad in the State, known as North- ern Cross R.R., part of which is now in- cluded in the Chicago and Northwestern R. R. He made the survey for the town of Woodson, planted the first hedge and or- chard ; raised a subscription of $100,000, for the Jacksonville division of the C.& A. R.R.; a warm friend of Judge Woodson, from whom the town of W. derives its name ; he contributed very materially to the present prosperity of Morgan Co. He was possessed of wonderful energy and un- swerving integrity, who, when misfortune overtook him, discharged his obligations dollar for dollar ; he might have been wealthy, but preferred to be honorable, and his name will go down to posterity as an honest man. His wife still survives and is living with her two sons, in Woodson Henry Wm. D. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Wood- son Hill John B. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson Ho'gg Samuel, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Wood- son Holmes D. D. farmer and minister HOLMES O. B. farmer and stock raiser. Sec. 3, P.O. Jacksonville, son of Pierce, native of Connecticut, and Louise, who was a native of New York. On his father's farm in Morgan Co., Young H. was born, in 1839 ! received a liberal edu- cation ; at twenty-two married Miss Jo- hannah Cludary, a native of Indiana, and the daughter of Richard and Martha ; in 1862, purchased no acres in Morgan Co.; sold and went to Hancock Co., and owned a farm of 208 acres : at the end of three years went to Johnston Co., Mo., and pur- chased 100 acres, which he still owns ; in 1873, returned to Morgan Co.; at present time is living on farm of 80 acres, estate of Mrs. Holmes. Seven children : S. Ed- win, Gilbert P., Edith R., Marshall, Myr- ta, Charles, and Seth Howard John, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville Howe George, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville HUCKSTEP W. T. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Woodson ; son of T. C. and Jane B. Huckstep, whose maiden name was Maddox. Young H. was born in Morgan County, September, 1837 ; his father a farmer and mechanic, he grew up on the farm, receiving a common-school education ; with the exception of six years spent in Iowa, has always been a resident of Morgan County ; in 1861, was united in marriage to N. J. Self, daughter of James H. and S. A.; children : Jennie, born Janu- ary, 1864 ; Rosetta, Aug. 4, 1866 ; Charles, March 26, 1868 ; Eddie and Freddie (twins), Dec. 24, 1874 HUGHES O. P. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville ; son of John A. and Elizabeth Hughes ; born near Murray- ville, Morgan County, June 7, 1842 ; his father was a farmer in good circumstances. O. P. Hughes received the usual amount of hard work and a liberal education, attending school in the winter and working through the summer season. March 24,1862, enlisted in Co. F, 6ist 111. Inft., at Jacksonville ; mustered into service at St. Louis ; first attack on the enemy made at Shiloh, April 6, 1862 ; at siege of Vicksburgh ; after siege, troops ordered to Little Rock, Ark.; remained one year guarding fortifications ; January, 1865, in the battle of Murfrees- boro, Tenn.; notes from soldier's record : went into camp at Carrollton, 111., Dec. 17 1861 ; ordered to report at St. Louis, Feb. 27, 1862 ; went into camp at Benton bar- racks, March i, 1862 ; left for the field March 24, 1862 ; at Pittsburg Landing March 29, 1862 ; attacked by rebels April 6, 1862, who were driven from the field ; from Pittsburg Landing to Bolivar, July 18, 1862 ; Dec. 19, 1862, had a fight with rebels at Salem Cemetery, near Jackson, Tenn. ; enemy repulsed at siege of Vicks~ burg ; honorably discharged at Nashville, Tenn., March 4, 1865. Returned to Mor- gan County; married Miss Virginia A- Clark, at Manchester, Scott County, Dec. 4, 1866. Mr. H. owns 320 acres ; is engaged quite extensively as stock buyer Hugle James, farm hand, Sec. 17, P.O. Jack- sonville J A. J. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson, son of C. P. and Susan John- son, who were among the early pioneers of Morgan County. Young J. was born on his father's farm in Morgan County, March 29, 1850; on the farm he grew to manhood, 666 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. and received a liberal education; Jan. 30, 1869, he married Miss Margaret Schofield, a native of England, and daughter of Rob- ert and Nancy, who emigrated to America in 1855. In 1871, Mr. Johnson taught the school at Youngblood for one term, and received the graded certificate of scholar- ship. The children who blessed this union are : Henry B., born Feb. 27, 1871 ; Chas. E., Jan. 5, 1873 ; Mary A., March 13, 1877, and Susan E., Jan. 22, 1878 JOHNSON C. P. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Woodson ; was the son of Benjamin John- son, a Baptist minister, and who was a na- tive of Virginia, but who afterward moved to Kentucky, where the subject of this sketch was born, Aug. 17, 1820. When ten years old, his parents moved to Morgan County, where his father entered some 400 acres, at $1.25 per acre, his capital consist- ing of $100. two horses and wagon. C. P. Johnson relates to the writer that when eleven years old he has plowed all day with hickory-bark lines, and such education as he could get was received in a log cabin where greased papei was in use to admit the daylight, and a puncheon floor being in use ; in 1841, he was united in marriage to Miss Amanda Gentry, who passed off the stage of life Jan. 19, 1847 ; July 13, 1848, was again married, to Miss Susan Craw- ford, who is a descendent of the noted Col. Crawford, who. it will be remembered, per- ished at the stake. Children by first mar- riage: George, Maude, Z. T. and H. T., the last of whom were prisoners during the late war ; by second marriage : Andrew J., Com- modore P., Francis M., Abel S., Mary L., and Isaac B. (deceased): since August. 1849, Mr. J. has officiated as a Baptist minister ; seven years of the time he received as pay for his services an ax-h.mdle, Shanghai rooster and fifty cents in money. Mr. J. is the owner of 68 acres, on which he now lives Johnson U. J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. i, P.O. Jacksonville T/'ELLEHER W. J. farm hand, Sec. 32, ** P.O. Woodson KELLER CONRAD, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville. The subject of this sketch was the son of Heniy and Elizabeth, whose maiden name was Essley ; near Frankfort on the Rhine young Keller was born, in 1832 ; at seven- teen, he was apprenticed to a butcher, and remained in. this business six years ; at the age of twenty-two, he stepped on board the sailing vessel Cumberland, bound for America, and in due course of time landed in New York ; here he remained a short time, and then went west to Chicago ; after a short residence, he went to Cairo, 111., where he lived three and one-half years, and from this point removed to Morgan County. In 1859, ne married Louisa Dit- ner, who shortly after passed off the stage of life. In 1870, he was united in marriage to Leatha Braustetler, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Braustetler. Mr. Keller is the owner of 103 acres of well-improved land Kelly Elsie Mrs. wid. Daniel Kelly, Sec. 29, P.O. Woodson Kelly Milton, lab. Sec. 29, P.O. Woodson Ketner J. F. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson Ketner Rachel, Woodson Kingsley Arthur, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Wood- son Kirkman Peter S. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jack- sonville Kirkman Wm. D. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville T ARSON MAGNUS, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville Lewis Charles, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson Lewis Samuel T. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 17, P.O. Jacksonville Lynn James, farmer, Woodson LYNN JOSEPH, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville, son of James and Lucinda, who were among the early settlers in Morgan Co. James Lynn, the father, built the first railroad in Morgan Co., then known as the Wabash, and now comprised in the Toledo, Wabash and West- ern ; he was raised on a farm, but when old enough became a contractor on railroads, and followed the business for a period of fourteen years ; at the expiration of this time he became a farmer ; he is at the present writing living near Woodson, in Schuyler Co., 111. Young Lynn was born September, 1840; his education was ac- quired in district schools ; in 1861, he was united in marriage to Miss Amelia Sorrells, daughter of Hiram and Mahala, who set- tled in Morgan County at an early date. In TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 667 1869, he moved to Morgan County ; since he became a resident, he has held several offices of trust ; children, in order of birth, are : Eliza Jane, born Sept. 22, 1862 ; Laura Viola, Oct. 10. 1864 ; Francis Har- vey, Sept. 22, 1866 ; Georgiana, Nov. 281 1868 ; Ida Mahala, Jan. 28, 1870 ; James Herschel, Dec. 24, 1873 ANDVILLE F. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Woodson MARTEN" PLEASANT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Woodson, son of James, a native of Kentucky, and Nancy Jane, whose maiden name was Sheplar, and who was a native of Kentucky ; they were among the earliest settlers in Southern Illi- nois, settling in Scott County as early as 1830. James Martin, in due time, became an extensive farmer, and on the farm of his father, in 1833, young Martin was born. Receiving a liberal education in the rude log cabin of the times, in 1855 he married Mary Ann Devore, in Morgan County ; fol- lowing year moved from Scott to Morgan, and bought 176 acres six miles south of Jacksonville ; since which time, with the exception of three years spent in Missouri, has been residing in Morgan County ; now owns 80 acres of well-improved land ; held office as school director ; children are : William E., Fanny, Eliza, Sarah Belle, Charles, Sampson, and Luella May McAllery Edgar, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Wood- son MCALLISTER CATHERINE, wid. Robert McAllister, was the daughter of Philip and Sarah Kennedy ; was born in Mercer Co., Ky., May, 1815 ; lived in Ken- tucky twenty-five years ; in 1836, married Robert McAllister ; he was a native of An- derson Co., Ky.; in 1840, settled in Morgan Co., 111., seven miles southeast of Jackson- ville ; bought property consisting of 72 acres ; in time acquired more land ; at the time of decease owned 320 acres ; he was a very successful farmer, a man of intelli- gence and rare energy of character ; Nov. 20, 1863, he passed peacefully away, and was laid at rest in the Sheppard cemetery. Children living are : Sarah, who married Alban Sheppard ; Mary, who became the wife of William Sheppard ; Elizabeth, who married the Rev. D. F. Atterbury ; Are- thusa Jane, wife of C. W. Sheppard ; Mar- garet, who married Levi Grider ; Eliza, who married George Self, and Belle, who remains unmarried McAllister G. T. farmer, P.O. Woodson McAllister J. W. farmer and inventor of ditching machines McAllister John, farm hand, Sec. 34, P.O. Woodson McAllister John, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Wood- son MCALLISTER ROBERT, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Woodson, was the son of James and Mary McAllister. The subject of this sketch was born at Kilrea, County Londonderry, Ireland, Feb. 20, 1842 ; at nineteen he went to Scotland, and for one year was on the Glasgow police force ; in 1864, he emigrated to America, first locat- ing at Cass Co., 111.; in 1865, went to Ne- braska, where he devoted his time to farm- ing two years, but the hard times the grasshopper plague caused coming on, and losing his all, he then went to Jersey City, N. J.; there he married Levana Moon ; thence to Jacksonville, Morgan County, where he now resides, working 160 acres ; four children : Wm. James, born July 8, 1868; Robert, Sept. 14, 1869 ; Joseph, Jan. 20, 1870, and passed away July n, 1873; and Mary Matilda, Aug. 29, 1877 ! a ^ born in Morgan County McAllister William, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Woodson McAVOY DANIEL, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Woodson. Mr. McAvoy was born in Queens Co., Ireland, April 25, 1823 ; par- ents were Michael and Winifred, whose maiden name was McDougal. At an early age he was apprenticed to a stone mason, in which branch of business, after serving his time, he became very successful as a contractor and builder of stone work ; in 1847, he came to America on board the steamship Queen of the West ; after a short voyage he landed in New York, and be- came a resident for some time, working as a foreman for contractors on stone work ; from New York he wended his way to Morgan County, where since coming, with little exception, he has resided; in 1851, he went to Springfield, 111., and there took a contract for building an area around the old State House. Mr. M. is said to be one 668 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. of the most skillful workmen in the country. Of late years he has been a farmer ; is the owner of 200 acres ; in 1849, he was united in marriage to Miss Ann Johnson ; children are: Michael S., William D., Felix, John, Thomas, Julia Ann, Arthur, Andrew, Mary and Simon. Mr. M. was elected county commissioner by a large majority McAvoy Felix, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Wood- son McAvoy Michael, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jack- sonville McAVOY WM. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Queens Co., Ire- land, in 1818 ; his father was a man of liberal education and an extensive farmer; in the county mentioned, Mr. M. grew to manhood ; at eighteen he entered the Dublin University, and at twenty gradua- ted with high honors, and shortly after em- igrated to America ; off the coast of Holly Head the vessel was shipwrecked, but was enabled to put into Liverpool for repairs ; when in a seaworthy condition she again headed for America, carrying among her other passengers, Wm. McAvoy. Arriving in New York, he became a foreman on the Erie canal ; in 1837, he settled in Morgan Co., and became a contractor on stone, having become regularly apprenticed to the stone masonry; in 1846, when the war broke out with Mexico, he enlisted in Co. D, 1st 111. Vol., Col. J. J. Hardin in com- mand, he remained in the service thirteen months ; was engaged in the battle of Buena Vista, and was promoted second sergeant ; on his return to Morgan Co., he became again a contractor ; he was a very superior workman and erected many of the finest buildings in Morgan Co.; he is a fine temperance speaker, and during the late war rendered efficient service McAvoy Wm. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Wood- son McCormick A. T. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Woodson McCormick E. Mrs. Sec. 22, P.O. Woodson McCormick James, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Woodson McCoy John, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson McDaniel Selden, farm hand, Sec. 27, P.O. Woodson McKean Robert, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Woodson McKean Samuel, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Woodson McLaughlin T. H. farmer, Sec. . 25, P.O. Woodson McMillan Thomas, farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Woodson MCMILLAN WM. H. (deceased). It is at times a difficult task to follow the ever varying incidents connected with the for- tunes and privations of the early pioneer, and is. perhaps, specially so in the case of Mr. McMillan, as many incidents of the struggles and hardships have long since been forgotten ; was born in Scott Co., Ky., Nov. 9, 1807; his father, by trade, was a carpenter, who followed, in connection, the life of a farmer, up to the time of his removal to Illinois, which event occurred in the Fall of 1833; then, accompanied by his mother, made the overland trip in a six- horse covered wagon, then the only mode of transit, located in Sangamon Co., there rented land for one year ; a purchase of land was finally effected, and the build- ing of a log house was but the work of a short time, when the family were perma- nently located, and the date of his nuptials date 1837, and the woman of his choice, Miss Lucinda Gallagher, daughter of Thos. Gallagher,a native of Tennessee; like all pi- oneers, many years in his life were years of hardships and privations ; emigration, how- ever, settling in rapidly westward, enhanced the value of farm property, and as the time drifted into the hidden past, and framed dwellings and churches, the harbingers of civilization, were built, they began to live more comfortably. Dec. 21, 1846, Mrs. McMillan died, and two years later he was married again, to Miss Sarah Gallagher, sis- ter to his first wife. Mr. McMillan was a very industrious man, working with a stur- dy independence that surmounted every obstacle ; from the small acreage came an estate of 800 acres, which, on his decease, was divided among the surviving members of his family. By his first wife had five children : William, James, John, Sarah E., an infant child died soon after birth. Wil- liam is now a resident of Iowa, James T. now attorney at Jacksonville, John a resi- dent of Sangamon Co., Sarah E. deceased. By his second union : Thomas, who is living on the old homestead, where he TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 669 owns 165 acres, and the old farm residence. June, 1877, married Miss Margaret C. Cleary, daughter of William C. Cleary.who was born in Morgan Co.; has by this mar- riage one child : Mary. Mrs. McMillan, relict of W. H., still lives to recount the many changes in the great west since the year 1833, the early date of her coming here Meece W. B. renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Meehan John, farm hand, Sec. 26, P.O. Woodson Megginson John, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville Megginson Richard, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Metz Benjamin, farm hand, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville MILLER Gr. W. physician and sur- geon, Woodson, son of Robert and Magda- len, natives of Virginia. Dr. Miller was born in St. Charles, Mo., May II, 1842; parents moved to Missouri as early as 1823. In Missouri young Miller passed his early years ; preliminary education re- ceived in public schools of Missouri ; in 1865, he attended the Illinois College, sit- uated at Jacksonville ; remained there taking a scientific course three years, thence to Missouri again ; studied medicine under Dr. Rodgers, of St. Charles ; graduated from Missouri Medical College in 1871 ; returned to Morgan Co. and began the practice of medicine ; since that period has had a large practice in Morgan Co.; is a skillful physician ; the same year he gradu- ated he married Miss Lucy H. Galbraith, at Jacksonville ; children : Edith and Er- nest Moore Wm. farm hand, P.O. Woodson Morton James, farm hand, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville Murray John E. Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson Myers John, renter, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville XTICHOL.S J. V. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville, son of John and Mary Ann Nichols ; he was born in Pike Co., Mo., Dec. I, 1832 ; became a resident up to 1857 ; his father was a farm- er in good circumstances, and on the farm young N. grew up and received a district D 2 school education ; in 1856, he married Mary Ellen Whitlock, daughter of John and Mary ; in 1857, he removed to Mor- gan Co.; in 1862, he enlisted in Co. D, roist 111. Inf. for three years' service; mus- tered at Jacksonville, he went to the front in October of the same year, was engaged in the battle of Mission Ridge, was under command of Sherman when he made his famous march ; at the close of the war he was mustered out of the service at Camp Butler, situated at Springfield, 111.; he then returned to Morgan Co., and began cabinet making, to which trade he was regularly apprenticed. Mr. N. owns roo acres. Children : Herbert Wm., John E., Whit- lock, and Frederick L. /"VBRIEN BARTHOLOMEW, renter, ^ Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson O'Connel John, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Wood- son pENNIX BENJ. F. renter, P.O. Jack- sonville Peterson Nelson, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Pierson James, renter, Sec. 35, P.O. Wood- son PORTER JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Woodson, son of Wil- liam and Sarah Porter, natives of Ken- tucky, where James was born, August 14, 1818 ; in 1834, the family moved to Mo gan Co., locating ten miles southeast 01 Jacksonville ; James received his prelimi- nary education in Kentucky, which was afterward completed in Morgan Co. ; in 1843, the head of the family died, and James and Sinclair Porter became heirs to the property ; Sinclair Porter is not living; James resides on the old homestead pur- chased so many years ago ; owns 200 acres, which, for its size, is one of the best farms in the State ; in 1870, he built a handsome residence ; a strictly honest man, he has the respect of the community in which he lives. Two of his sisters, Mrs. Coughman and Miss Nancy Porter, reside with him D ANSDELL JOHN S. farmer, Sec. 10, *^ > P.O. Jacksonville RANSON JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Jacksonville; son of James and Sarah, natives of England, who 670 MORG-AN COUNTY DIRECTORY. emigrated to America, settling in Morgan County, eight miles southwest of Jackson- ville; John was born in Morgan County, Jan. 27, 1837; received a common school education; since the days of his early youth has been a farmer; at the breaking out of the rebellion enlisted in Co. K, 27th Regt. Illinois Infantry, at Jacksonville; was mus- tered into the service at Cairo, Illinois; remained in the service four months; was honorably discharged on account of general disability, at Cairo, Illinois, and returned to Morgan County; is now living on his farm, consisting of 400 acres; has a fine residence; Mr. R. is a very energetic man, and his enterprise is seen in everything that merits approbation; children: James, William, Samuel, and Charles L., all born in Morgan County; Mr. Ranson is a pro- gressive farmer, and has made many im- provements on his farm; for watering of stock he has superior facilities REESE JOHN, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville; son of David and Elizabeth; Mr. R. was born in North Wales, Kingdom of Great Britain, July 23, 1828; for twenty- one years he lived in Wales, and then emigrated to America, and first settled in Greene County, Illinois; he was engaged while there as a farmer; at the end of one year he settled in Lynnville, Morgan County, and there married Miss Sarah Batty, a native of Morgan County, of English parentage, who departed this life April 18, 1872, and was laid at rest in the Lynnville cemetery; in 1873, Mr. R. moved to Woodson township; children: George E., Elizabeth Ann, Hannah M., Emma Alice, and Benjamin F.; George E. married Martha Holmes, Elizabeth married Chas. Summers Reaugh Parmelia, widow, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Reynolds E. A. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jack- sonville REYNOLDS THOMAS C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Jacksonville; son of Ralph and Ellen, natives of England, who emigrated to America, settling in Morgan County at an early date; afterward removed to Dubuque, Iowa, where the sub- ject of this sketch was born, Jan. 2, 1846; when two years old his parents went to California, and remained there six years, and then recrossed the ocean to England; here the preliminary education of Mr. R. began, which was afterward completed in the Illinois College, of Jacksonville, on the return of the family, in 1860, to Amer- ica; in 1867, he graduated from the college mentioned; in 1868, married Miss Carrie Trabue, a graduate of the Illinois College, and daughter of John Trabue, who was for many years Clerk of Morgan County Court; Mr. R. is now living on his farm of 240 acres, four miles southeast of Jacksonville; owns a nice residence; children are: Ella T., bom 1870, Georgie Elmira, Oct., 1872, Edwin, 1875 RICHARDSON WILLIAM R. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville; son of Vin- cent R. and Lydia Richardson; William was born on his father's farm, in Morgan County, April 28, 1846; growing up on the farm, he received a common school educa- tion; on the completion of his education, he worked with unflagging zeal on the farm; with the exception of some months spent in the purchase of stock, Mr. Rich- ardson has resided in Morgan County; at twenty-three, he married Miss Ann Alice Sanderson, daughter of Robert Sanderson, a native of England; in 1870, William bought 196 acres of land; a fine property; five children: Charles H., Mary Jane, Mary Ann, Nettie, and Robert Rickey Jacob, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson RING- JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson; son of Michael and Margaret Ring; was born in the County of Waterford, Ireland, January, 1830; at nineteen, he emigrated from Ire- land to America, on board the sailing vessel Empire State, which during the passage was shipwrecked off the banks of Newfoundland, and in consequence was compelled to return; shortly after, came to America on the sailing vessel Shannon; after eight weeks' voyage landed in New York city; in 1855, he came to Morgan County, and since that date has been a resident; in 1853, was married to Miss Mary Hennessy, daughter of Patrick and Mary Hennessy; for six years has been school director; owns 133 acres of land; children living: Michael, James, Patrick, William, Daniel, and Mary; John and Thomas, deceased TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 671 Roberts Alice Miss, Sec. 15, P.O. Jackson- ville ROBINSON CHARLES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 27, P.O. Woodson; born in Yorkshire, England, April I, 1825; his father was a farmer, and emigrated to America June, 1852; settled four miles west of Jacksonville; Charles, on arrival, entered 160 acres; in 1859, Mr. Robinson's dwelling stood directly in the track of the tornado that created such havoc in Morgan County; as it is mentioned elsewhere in this work, we do not enter into particulars; Mr. R. noted the approach of the storm, went to the door to close it, but was drawn instantly from the building and carried a full quarter of a mile; on the decline of the storm discovered his daughter lying at his feet; on his return to the house he discov- ered that his father was badly injured, and he subsequently remained blind during the rest of his life; in 1872, his wife died; she was a native of Yorkshire, England; they were married at Jacksonville in 1856; on her decease, to Mr. R. was left the care of six children, the youngest only thirteen days old; Mr. R. owns 100 acres of land Robinson Hiram, renter, P.O.Jacksonville RODGERS CHARLES, dry goods and grocery merchant, Woodson; was born in Greene County, Illinois; son of Charles and Miranda R.; his father was an exten- sive farmer; on his father's farm he passed his early youth; at sixteen, the family moved to Macoupin County, 111.; Charles received a liberal education; in 1877, he settled in Woodson, and became established in the dry goods and grocery trade; in December, 1876, was united in marriage to Miss Jennie McMahan, daughter of N. G. and Melissa H.; one infant child, born 1878 Rook William, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Wood- son ROONEY JOHN, farm hand, Sec. 36, P.O. Woodson; son of John and Mary Rooney; was born near Murrayville, this county, Feb. 10, 1859; the parents of this noble boy emigrated from their native land Ireland, the heritage of poets, and the refuge of the friendless, about the year 1849, landing at New York city, settling in the State of New Jersey for a few years; but the crisis of 1857 caused a suspension of public works, hence it was then that it dawned upon this heroic son of lovely Erin to leave the seaboard, and seek a more congenial clime in the then far West; hav- ing left the haunts of the city, Mr. R. com- menced life anew by working out on the farm, and continued in this groove until his death, which occurred in 1863; Mrs. R. survived her husband but a few years, her death taking place in 1871, leaving two orphans to the care of a cold hearted world; Jane, sister of the subject of this sketch, was born in October, 1861, and both of these little waifs are righting the battle of life with a heroism worthy of their descent Routt W. R. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville C EEGAR J. W. molder, now trav. agt. resident of Woodson; son of Samuel and Sarah A., natives of Logan County, Ohio; J. W. was born near West Liberty, Ohio, in 1838; when three years old his parents moved to Union County, Illinois; in 1854, the subject of this sketch moved to Bluestone River, Rocky Mountains; became a trapper % and hunter until 1856; thence to Minnesota; was a'so in Dakota and British America, among the Indians, until 1858; thence to Jacksonville, Morgan County; in 1860, married Elizabeth Lan- ders, a native of Ohio; in 1862, enlisted in Co. I, loist Regt. 111. Vol., three years' service; went safely through the war until the battle of Resaca, Ga., took place; the writer was shown a 32 minnie ball that completely destroyed the eyesight of Mr. S.; afterward transferred to Chattanooga; shortly after was home on furlough; went to Quincy; was honorably discharged; Mr. S. when mustered out of the service had no capital; he is to-day in very comfortable circumstances, owing to his surprising energy; in the summer, and sometimes in the winter, he runs a notion wagon, and his terms are most reasonable; he is accom- panied by John W., his son Self James, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson SELF JAMES H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson, was born in Fayette Co.. Ky., April 16, 1814 ; his fath- er was a farmer in good circumstances ; on the farm the days of childhood and youth fled rapidly by ; he received a liberal edu- cation for the times ; at an early day he 672 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. learned what it was to work, which subse- quently produced a spirit of independence and vigor which counted in after years ; November, 1831, the family moved from Kentucky to Morgan Co., 111., locating near Jacksonville ; at twenty-four, James Self married Sarah Ann Abram, in Mor- gan Co., in January, 1839. Mr. Self is now in good circumstances ; he came to Illinois with no start in life, but possessed of that energy that distinguishes the pioneer ; at this writing, is living in Woodson ; chil- dren born to them : Thomas M., James E., John W., Nancy Jane, Julia N., George P., Josiah H., Mary E., Sarah S., Cyrus C., Charles J., Susan E. Sheehan John F. renter, Sec. 20, P.O. Wood- son SHEEHAN MARY MRS. widow Michael Sheehan, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson. Mrs. Sheehan was born in the County of Kerry, Ireland, in 1830 ; her parents were Jeremiah and Mary Driscoll ; in Ireland and England Mrs. S. resided twelve years; in the year 1850, she was united in mar- riage to Michael Sheehan ; during the Winter of 1859, the family, then consisting of husband, wife, and two children, emi- grated to America on the sailing vessel, Mary Foster ; they resided in New York during the winter, and in the spring of the year came on to Morgan Co.; in 1875, the husband passed off the stage of life and was laid at rest in the Catholic cemetery of Jacksonville ; children living : Margaret Ellen, and Hannah ; four deceased Sheehan Patrick, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Wood- son bheehan Mat. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Wood- son Shelton H. H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Wood- son Shelton John W. farmer, Sec. 28; P.O.Wood- son Shelton Steven G. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson Shelton Thompson A. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson Shelton T. R. farmer, Woodson SHEPPARD ALBAN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Morgan Co., Nov. 16, 1831 ; the father of the boy was Thornton Sheppard, whose name, as a pioneer, appears else- where in this volume. Alban Sheppard was early put to work, from the time his head appeared above the plow handles un- til he grew to maturity ; during his boy- hood the nearest neighbor lived two or three miles away. Mr. S. is said to be among the first white children born in Morgan Co.; at twenty-two years of age, Feb. 15, 1854, married Miss Sarah F. Mc- Allister, daughter of Robert and Catherine. Mr. S. is now living on his farm of eighty acres, two miles north of Woodson. Elev- en children were born to them, all of whom are natural musicians ; names of children are : Harriet, Wm. H., J. B., Cyrus A., Mary E., James A., Franklin E., Laura Belle, Eva E., Chas. A., and Elsie May SHEPPARD CYRUS W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson. Mr. Sheppard was born on the old home- stead of his father in Morgan Co. His young mind first became enlightened in the common log school house of the times ; he afterward attended school in a frame struct- ure known as the home school house ; in 1865, was united in the bonds of matrimo- ny with Arethusa Jane McAlister, who was also born in Morgan Co., Aug. 8, 1846. Mr. Sheppard owns 1 20 acres of land ; for three years held the office of school direc- tor ; one child living : Henry Taylor Sheppard Ellinor, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville Sheppard Geo. W. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jack- sonville SHEPPARD JOHN B. farmer and stock raiser, Woodson, son of Lewis J. and Nancy Sheppard ; father, native of Ken- tucky; mother, of North Carolina. John was born on his father's farm in Morgan Co., May 8, 1838 ; when twelve years old, his father died ; at sixteen his mother depart- ed this life ; he then lived with his oldest brother three years ; his education was re- ceived in district schools ; in 1859, mar- ried Miss Elizabeth L. Shelton, daughter of Thompson R. and Ellinor ; in 1872, moved to Woodson ; same year elected constable ; re-elected in 1874 ; served four years six years in all ; Autumn of 1877, elected justice of the peace. Two adopted children : Francis Henry and Mamie Ag- nes, formerly Belmore SHEPPARD J. J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville ; parents TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 673 were Thornton and Ellinor Sheppard, who settled in Morgan Co. as early as 1830; the subject of this sketch was born in Adair Co., Ky., Sept. 10. 1827 ; when the family settled in Morgan Co. hundreds of deer roamed the prairie, and wild turkey and wild game of every description abounded ; they came to the county with an ox team. Thornton Sheppard is described as a man of great energy, one of the pioneer minis- ters of the county, and an intimate friend of Peter Cartwright, the celebrated pioneer preacher ; after a life of hardship and toil, rewarded by the acquisition of property, he passed away but a few years ago. J. J. Sheppard, at twenty-seven, married Mary E. Coffman, daughter of Abraham Coff- man, a millwright by occupation. Mr. S. states that in his boyhood there was no school fund, and he got his schooling as best he could ; relates that the clothing of children were wove by the pioneer mothers. Mr. Sheppard is one of the prominent wealthy men of Morgan Co.; commencing with no capital save the immense will of the pioneer, to-day., he owns some 700 acres, 20 horses, 100 cattle, 100 sheep, etc., etc. Ten children living : Geo. W., John S., Irving D.. Alice R., Sylvester, McClel- lan, Emeline, Luther, Clara and Lucy Sheppard Rachel Miss, Sec. 16, P.O. Jack- sonville Sheppard Wm. F. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Woodson Sheppard Wm. S. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Woodson Short Charles, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Shumaker Herman, fanner, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson Shumaker Michael, Sec. 29, P.O. Wood- son Simpson John, physician and surgeon, Sec. 26, P.O. Woodson SIMKINS GEO. retired farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Yorkshire, England, March 14, 1809 ; parents, Thom- as and Fannie ; in England was foreman on a farm. In 1849, to better his fortunes, he stepped on board a sailing vessel bound for America ; the voyage proved tempes tuous, the vessel, at one time, being driven near the coast of Greenland, and the pas- sengers suffering from the intense cold. In due time he settled in Morgan Co., having no capital to give him a start, but a strong will. As the years went by he accumulated property ; now owns 100 acres. Wife was Mary Becraft ; they were married in Eng- land. Children living : Thomas, born March 30, 1837 ; George, April 28, 1840 ; Frances, April II, 1842. George Simkins, jr., married Sarah Delaney, daughter of William and Polly Delaney, Feb. 23, 1864; two children : Mary Alice, born Dec. 12, 1864, died Sept. 7, 1865 ; Laura May, March 8, 1866. At the breaking out of the rebellion George enlisted at Jackson- ville, in Co. K, 27th 111. Inf.; three years' service ; in battle of Belmont, and other engagements ; was honorably discharged at camp Big Springs, Missouri, on account of general disability, and returned to Morgan Co. Simpson Walter, laborer, works tile factory, Woodson SMITH A. M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Murrayville, son of S. K. and Catherine Smith, natives of Tennessee ; in the town of Jasper young Smith was born and grew to maturity, receiving a liberal education ; at twenty-one he turned his attention to farming ; in 1853, he married Miss Martha Underwood, a native of Tennessee ; in 1854, ne moved to Macou- pin Co., where he resided twelve years ; in 1865, he came to Morgan, and first rented property of Greenup Henry ; in 1877, he purchased 100 acres of land ; owns town property in Mount Vernon ; in 1864, Mrs. Smith died ; same year he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Henry. By first marriage, three children : James Ma- rion, Margaret L., and Sarah. By second marriage : Rachel E., and Leah E. Smith A. T. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Jackson- ville SMITH GEO. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. Woodson. The gentleman who heads this sketch was the son of John and Dulcina Smith. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, who moved from there to Kentuck.-; there married about 1820; he moved to Lawrence Co., 111., there the sub- ject of our sketch was born. When four years old his parents moved to Morgan Co., and settled near Jacksonville on govern- ment land. At that date Jacksonville con- 674 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. sisted principally of a store and tavern. In those days there were no school funds, the schools being supported by subscrip- tion, the seat of learning being a log cabin. In 1845 he was married to Miss Celia Hatcher. Mr. S. has held the office of school trustee, school director, etc. At this writing is living on his farm, and is the owner of 208 acres. Four children : John R., Francis M., Sarah, and Amelia Smith Jas. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville Smith Jas. T. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jackson- ville Smith Jonathan, renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Smith Robt. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Woodson SMITH SAMUEL, B. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville ; was born in Morgan County Dec. 20, 1824 ; this date was the beginning of Jacksonville ; where the square is now laid out prairie grass then grew to a height of from three to five feet. We all realize to some extent the priva- tions and hardships of the early pioneer ; as soon as their children were able, they were put to work ; in common with others, this fell to the lot of young Samuel ; when ten years old, he drove from three to four yoke of oxen ; the clothing he wore then consisted of pants and shirt manufactured from flax ; his schooling was obtained in a log cabin made of hewn logs, where the seats were low and awkwardly constructed, and the principal book in use being a Webster spelling-book ; in one corner of the room there usually stood long rods for subduing unruly pupils ; children then went to school over the prairie, for there were no roads ; numerous interesting anecdotes could be given by Mr. Smith, but our space forbids ; Dec. 3, 1846, he married Miss Elizabeth Grimsey, daughter of Elijah and Sally, who settled in Morgan County prior to the deep snow. Mr. S. is the owner of 1 80 acres of land ; there are six children : Melissa Jane, Eliza T., Sarah D.,John M., Mary E., and William F. Smith Thomas, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jackson- ville SMITH W. A. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville ; was born in Morgan County Sept. 9, 1839 ; parents were James P. and Amanda M., who were natives of Ken- tucky. James P. was born in the year 1806, and his wife in 1816; in 1844, they both passed off the stage of life. W. A. was then quite young, and many years of his life afterward were years of hardship ; besides himself there were three other chil- dren of tender years, whose names in order of birth are : Jessie J., John A., and James H.; for a number of years the children lived with grandparents. Wm. A. married Lydia A. Riggs, daughter of Henry L. and Mary, pioneers of Morgan County ; Henry was a native of Tennessee, and his wife was born in Knox Co., 111., where her par- ents moved from to Morgan County when she was quite young. Four children blessed the union of W. A. and Lydia Smith, whose names are : Laura M., Fanny A., Amanda M., and James H. SOBBELLS DAVID H. farmer and and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Woodson ; was born in Greene Co., 111., Jan. 19, 1842; while young his parents moved to Morgan County, settling near Jacksonville ; on a farm here he grew up, and received a lib- eral education ; at twenty years of age, at the breaking out of the rebellion, he en- listed in Co. B, loth 111. Infty., for three years' service ; he was mustered into the service at Cairo, 111., July, 1861 ; went to the front in August ; became a participant in the battles of Chickamauga, Pittsburg Landing, and many other severe engage- ments ; at Rossville, Ga., he re-enlisted as a veteran under Sherman ; was in the grand review held at Washington. D. C., after the close of the rebellion ; he was then sent to Louisville, Ky., and shortly after to Chi- cago, where he was honorably discharged July, 1865 ; he then returned to Morgan County, and the same year married Miss G. A. Finch ; three children were born to this union : Hiram W., Oliver V., and Lillie Belle Sorrells Hiram M. farmer, P.O. Woodson SOBBELLS JOSEPH, farmer and stock raiser, Sees. 28 and 29, P.O. Wood- son, son of Hiram and Mahala Sorrells. Joseph was born in Greenbriar Co., Ind.; moved from there with parents at the age three years ; when old enough he attended the district schools ; June 25, 1858, mar- ried Miss Mary Sullens, who died Febru- ary, 1861, leaving two children, Newton and Harriet A. In 1864, Mr. Sorrells en- TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 675 tered the army, enlisting in Co. B, loth 111. Infty., under Capt. Shaw, at Mt. Sterling, Brown Co., 111.; mustered into the service at Springfield, and served through the Georgia campaign ; July II, 1865, honor- ably discharged at Chicago, and returned to Morgan County ; owns 80 acres of land; Nov. 22, 1865, married Louisa Smith, of Coles County ; second marriage, four chil- dren : Edgar, Minnie B., Herman, and Earnest Sorrels Nehemiah, fanner, Sec. 32, P.O. Woodson Staples Henry, farm hand, Sec. 14, P.O. Woodson Staples John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Woodson Staples Wm. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Woodson Sustram George, renter, P.O. Jacksonville J. G. farm hand, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville TAYLOR E. A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville, son of George and Polly E. Taylor ; born in Shelby Co., Ky., at the age of two years parents moved to Morgan County, 111., settling nine miles southeast of Jacksonville. E. A. Taylor received education in district schools when the work of the farm would permit ; in 1854, married Susan Soney, daughter of Samuel and Susan T. Mr. Taylor is a man of energy and will ; has acquired a comfortable property, consisting of 140 acres, nine miles southeast of Jacksonville. Six children were born to them, four liv- ing : Francis J., Cornelius C., Orlando K., and Charles A. THOMPSON JOHN, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville, son of John and Mary Thompson. The subject of this sketch was born in Georgetown, Ky., Jan. 8, 1830; his father was an extensive trader and speculator, and at one time was the owner of a large plantation in Virginia ; he was a very prosperous man until the breaking out of the rebellion, when in common with others he became nearly bankrupt. For thirty years John remained in Virginia, working on the estate of his father, before and after his decease, and in conjunction with a brother fell heir to a part of the estate mentioned ; December, 1852, he mar- ried Miss Virginia Graver, daughter of Wil- liam and Eleanor Graver ; five children : Samuel, born 1856 ; Mary, May 12, 1861 ; Claude, June 29, 1864 ; George, Dec. 23, 1866, and Sarah, September, 1871 Thompson Samuel, farm hand, Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville Tobin Patrick, fanner, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville T J NGLAUB JOHN, shoemaker, Wood- son WASEY WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville Volintine Enoch, carpenter, Woodson ALTER JAMES, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville ; was the son of Geo. W. and Eliza, natives of Virginia ; in For- quer County of above State, on the 2gth of November, 1836, young W. was born ; the same year his parents moved to Illinois, settling in Morgan County ; as the country was then new, James received plenty of hard work ; his preliminary education was received in the pioneer log cabin, and af- terward completed in the Jacksonville Col- lege long since abandoned for college purposes. For a short time he was a resi- dent of Texas; in 1863, he married Miss Sarah F.Westrope, who was born in Morgan County; children: Clara, born June, 1866; Lena, 1869, and Mabel, Oct. 5, 1875 Walters Ralph, farm hand, P.O. Jacksonville Wardandyke, J. J. engineer, Woodson Watson J. I. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville WELCH LAWRENCE, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville.' Mr. Welch was born in Tipperary, Ireland, in 1835 ; when sev- enteen years old, he emigrated to America and first settled in New Jersey ; there he lived five years, and then moved to Morgan County, settling nine miles south of Jack- sonville. At the first call for volunteers, he enlisted in Co. G, Jacksonville Vols., for three months' service, but remained two years, under the command of Captain Woods, of Jacksonville ; on being honor- ably discharged at Cairo, 111., he returned to Jacksonville ; in 1865, he was married to Miss Bridget O'Donnell, daughter of Richard O'Donnell, a native of Ireland. Since the close of the rebellion, Mr. Welch has devoted his" 1 time to farming, in which he is very successful 676 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. WELLS JOSEPH H. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Murrayville, son of Joseph and Sarah, whose maiden name was Nettleship. In Nottinghamshire, Eng., young W. was born; when two years old, the family crossed the ocean for America, and settled in Lake Co., 111., and there entered land from the government. Joseph received his educa- tion in district schools ; at eighteen, he be- came apprenticed to a stone mason, and served three years ; during the Crimean war he went to England ; on his return to America he settled in Jacksonville, and there married, Nov. 4, 1860, Elizabeth Davis, daughter of William and Catherine. Mr. W. first worked at his trade in Jack- sonville, and for seven years was on the police force there ; in after years, as plas- terer, stone mason and contractor, he was quite successful. Sept. 19, 1875, his wife passed off the stage of life, leaving three children : William, Ellsworth, and Harry. Mr. W. at present time owns 120 acres WHITLOCK MARY MBS. wid. John Whitlock, born in North Carolina in 1799 ; parents were Lewis and Ali ; when ten years old, her parents moved to Ken- tucky; in 1821, was united in marriage to John ; in 1828, Mr. Whitlock with wife and children settled in Morgan County, some four miles from what is now the city of Jacksonville. Mr. W. was then but twen- ty-one, of a strong, hardy disposition, pos- sessed of great energy, that carried him successfully ovec every obstacle, and as the years rolled by and old age came on at a good round pace, he found himself the pos- sessor of a fine property ; when he came to the county he had but $50 in money and a team and wagon. To follow the details of his successful career, would be superfluous, Jan. 29, 1871, he passed peacefully away, and was laid at rest in the cemetery known as Sheppard's ; at time of decease owned some 800 acres. Mrs. W., whose name appears at the head of this biography, is now upward of eighty, still vigorous, with a sufficiency of this world's goods ; chil- dren : Rosan, Emily, Herbert G., Minerva, Samantha, Mary, and Delia ; deceased : John and Ali ; Delia married Joseph Har- per, and at this writing they are living with Mrs. Whitlock WINTER DAVID, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville; was the son of William and Mary Winter. He was born in Yorkshire, Eng., May 13, 1825; his father was a brick and tile maker, and at this occupation the boy worked for a con- siderable length of time. Sept. 10, 1850, he stepped on board the sailing vessel Liv- erpool, bound for America, and in due time arrived in New York City; shortly after, he went to Pennsylvania, where he resided but a short time, and then proceeded to Morgan County ; he first worked by the month, at $13 per month ; in 1858, he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Redding. Mr. W., on his arrival in America, had no capital, but was possessed of a strong con- stitution and a vigorous will, that carried him successfully over every obstacle, and in tiiiie he acquired a fine property ; he is now the owner of 250 acres of choice land, and is very successful as a farmer ; children are : William T., John D., James E., Mary, Isabel, Dorotha Ann, George W., Lewel- lyn, Charles H., and Sarah J. Winter Thomas D. farm hand, P.O. Jackson- ville Wyatt Wm. J. stockbuyer, Woodson WYCKOFF ALBERT, merchant. Woodson ; born in Warren Co., N. J., May 22, 1846. His father was a woolen manu- facturer at Finesville, N. J., for several years ; when he was ten years of age, the family moved to Athens Co., Ohio, arid carried on same business for a number of years ; at the breaking out of the rebellion, young W. enlisted in the 7th Ohio Cavalry for three years' service ; participated in bat- tles of Dutton Hill, Mt. Sterling, Monti- celli, Ky., Cumberland Gap, Ky., Knox Valley, Ky., Nashville, Tenn., and taken prisoner at Rodgersville, Tenn., in 1863 ; wounded in battle, was first taken to Belle Island ; remained four months ; thence to Andersonville ; remained six months ; made his escape ; was retaken near New- bern, N. C.; sent to Salisbury, N. C.; re- mained six weeks ; made escape ; retaken and sent to Charleston, S. C.; remained one week ; thence to Florence, N. C.; taken to Goldsborough, N. C.; made escape, and joined Union troops at Wilmington ; time of service had then expired ; married Miss Rachel Seegar at Jacksonville, April IO, 1866 ; one child, Sarah M., born 1872, in Des Moines, Iowa TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 677 BUSINESS CARDS. BALL LEONID AS, plasterer, Wood- son CLERIHAN M. J. correspondent Jacksonville Journal CRAIG LOYD A. tile manufacturer, Woodson HUGHES O. P. stock buyer, P.O. Woodson MILLER GEO. W. physician and sur- geon, Woodson RODGERS CHARLES, dealer in dry goods and groceries, Woodson SEEGAR J. W. traveling salesman, Woodson WYCKOFF A. dealer in dry goods and groceries, Woodson WELLS JAS. H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Woodson. Mr. W. has an excellent farm of 120 acres to sell. Terms favorable long time TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. A LLAN JAMES, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. ^*" Lynnville ALLAN PETER, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Lynnville, born in Lin- lithgow, Scotland, Sept. 5, 1825 ; was mar- ried to Jennie Dunlap, Jan. n, 1848; she was born in Bathgate, Scotland, Aug. 29, 1826 ; their children are : James, born March 31, 1851 ; Maggie H., Jan. 20, 1853; Agnes M., June 21, 1856 ; Mary I., Jan. 7, 1859; J onn R -. July 22 !862; Willie, Aug. 25, 1865, and died Aug. 27, 1865; Robert, Sept. 26, 1866 ; Alexander, Sept. 2O, 1871. and died July I, 1873 ! ne emi- grated to America in 1853, and first settled in Jacksonville ; was engaged as baker at the Insane Asylum for seven years, then went to farming ; has been engaged in that business ever since ; owns farm of 215 acres ; member of the Congregational Church Allen Joseph, school teacher, Lynnville Angels Elihu R. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Angels Reuben, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jack- sonville Angels SamuefF. farmer, Sec.io, P.O. Lynn- ville ANGELS THOMAS M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec.g, P.O. Lynnville.was born in Crawford Co., Penn., May 25, 1825 ; came to Morgan Co. with his father, James Angelo, in 1831 ; was married to Elizabeth Hoover, April 13, 1848 ; she was born May 24, 1829, in Macoupin Co., and died April 6, 1864 ; had seven children, three of whom are living, named : Samuel F., Sarah J., and William T.; was married second time to Mary J. Horton, Aug. 16, 1864; she was born May 28, 1842, in Jefferson Co., Iowa; two children : Alonzo C. and George C. Owns farm of 280 acres; was constable four years, and justice of the peace twelve years Angelo William H. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville Angelo William H. jr. Sec. 15, P.O. Jackson- ville Ash Joseph, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jackson- ville T) ADER GEORGE, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jacksonville Bader H. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jacksonville Bagnal William, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Beck George, farmer, Lynnville Benschmiller John, Sec. 12, P.O. Jackson- ville Bobbitt John W. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Lynn- ville Boddy Charles, farmer, Lynnville Boruff David, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jackson- ville Bown Charles J. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville BOWN JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville ; he was born in Somersetshire, Eng., about the year 1826; emigrated to America in 1868, and settled in Morgan Co.; he married Grace Bown (his cousin); she was born in Som- ersetshire, Eng., about the year 1828 ; there are Charles J., Rosanna, Emily, John, James ; owns 180 acres of land Boston Richard, wagon maker, Lynnville Bowers Anderson, farm hand, Sec. 3, P.O. Lynnville Buchin John, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jackson- ville Burkey Patrick, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Burmeister Charles, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville Burmeister John, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Burmeister William, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville Burns James, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville Busey Charles, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Busey John, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Busey Nelson, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville 680 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Busey Thomas, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Busey Thomas, jr. farmer, P.O. Woodson Butler James, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jackson- ville BARTER JOHN, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. ^^ Jacksonville Cieary Catherine Mrs. Sec. II, P.O. Lynn- ville Cieary John, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Lynnville Cieary William, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Lynn- ville Cockerill Thomas F. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynnville Cole Wm. C. physician, Lynnville Combs Henry, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynnville Combs Richard, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynn- ville Combs Thomas, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynn- ville Combs William, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynn- ville Conlan Stephen, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Cosgrove John, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Cosgrove Patrick, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Cosgrove Thomas, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville Costello Michael, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Coultas George, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O.Jack- sonville Coultas John, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynnville Coultas Oliver, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville Coultas William, retired, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Cox John, Lynnville Craddick Patrick, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Gulp Jerome, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jackson- ville TTVAVIS THOMAS, saddler. Lynnville ^^^ Davis Willis, carpenter, Lynnville Deering John, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jackson- ville Delany Patrick, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Delap Bernard, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Lynnville Dendell John, renter, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynnville Dickenson Hart, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Dickinson Joseph, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Dickinson Mary Mrs. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynnville Dickinson Piercy, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynn- ville Dobson Richard, farmer, Sec 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Donegan Edward, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O.Jack- sonville Doolin Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Doolin Thomas, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Doolin William, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Douglas Eliza Mrs. Lynnville Duckwall Joseph, farmer, Lynnville JOHN, farmer, Sec. i, P.O. "^^ Jacksonville Evans David, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Lynn- ville EVANS DAVID, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Lynnville; born in North Wales, Great Britain, Dec. II, 1852; settled in Morgan County in 1856; was married to Anna Francis Murgatrioyd, Sept. 19, 1875; she was born in Troy, N. Y., Sept. 30, 1859; one son: John W., born May 4, 1876; one daughter, Mary Elizabeth, April 29, 1877; John Evans, his father, was born in North Wales, Great Britain, Feb. 14, 1826; he came to Morgan County in 1856; he mar- ried Elizabeth Reece; she was born in North Wales, May 29, 1826 Evans John, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynnville Ezzard William, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Wood- son T^AGAN JOHN, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville Farrar James, shoemaker, Lynnville Fellows Richard, farmer, Lynnville Fellows Thomas, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Lynn- ville FERGUSON BENJAMIN, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O.Jacksonville; born in Cumber- land County, Ky., May 7, 1802; came to Illinois in 1830, and settled in Morgan County, and engaged in blacksmithing, which he followed for many years; was TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 681 married to Susan Sandusky, Dec. 6, 1820; she was born near Lexington, Ky., Feb. 15, 1798, and died Jan. 9, 1861; their children are: Emeline, William, Willis (dead), Nancy, Annie (dead), Champion, Anthony, Hannah, Francis M.; was married second time, to Matilda Masters, Aug. 20, 1868; she was born in Overton County, Tenn., Sept. 17, 1816; she came to Illinois with her father, Robert Masters, in 1834; he died Feb. 19, 1870; Mr. Ferguson is a member of the M. E. Church; the farm where he lives was deeded to him by Mrs. Strawn, for his valuable services during the lifetime of Jacob Strawn FERGUSON CHAMPION, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Morgan County, July 2, 1833; served three years in the army, Co. D, toist Regt. 111. Vol. Inft.; was married to Virginia H. Harney, Oct. 19, 1865; she was born in Morgan County, June 15,1833; no children; owns a farm of too acres, valued at $5,000 FL.IGG GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynnville; he was born in Morgan County, Oct. 12, 1847; his father, John Fligg, was one of the early settlers in Morgan County; George was married to Mary Jane Stephenson; she was born in England; their children are: John T.,born Sept. 23, 1870; Charles, July 17, 1873; Jessie B., Jan. n, 1875; Joseph, Dec. n, 1876; farm of 80 acres; has served several years as town trustee Fligg Jane, Mrs. Lynnville Flynn John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jackson- ville Flynn John jr. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Flynn Mary Mrs. Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville Funk John L. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynn- ville Funk Nimrod, retired, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynn- ville (~* ERMANN CHARLES, farmer, Sec. 14, ^- J P.O. Jacksonville Germann Chris, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jack- sonville Germann John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Germann John jr. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Gibbs Thomas, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Gill Charles, fanner, Sec. 15, P.O. Lynn- ville Gill David, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Lynnville Gill David H. farmer, Lynnville Gill John, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Lynnville Gill Josiah, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Lynnville Gill William, blacksmith, Lynnville Glossop William, retired, Lynnville Gordon David W. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Gordon James B. farmer, Lynnville GORDON JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Lynnville; Rep.; Chris- tian; born in this county, July 31, 1829; married Sarah Campbell in Dec. 1850; she was born in Lynnville in 1830; she died Sept. 12, 1873; they had seven children, William E., John, David T., Virgie, Lillie, Lou, and Jessie ; Mr. G. owns 980 acres of land, valued at about $65 per acre ; he has held the office of post master at Lynnville many years ; was elected Representative to the 28th and 2gth Sessions of the Gene- ral Assembly of Illinois, from this county Gordon John & Co. general store, Lynnville Graham Robert C. farmer. Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Groves James, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynnville Groves William, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynn- ville Gunnels Nathan, miller, Lynnville TT ALL JAMES J. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. * * Lynnville HAMMEL, PETER E. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Knox Co., Ohio, April 10, 1833, and settled in Morgan Co. in 1850 was married to Sarah A. Green, Sept. 6th, 1866 ; she was born in Morgan Co., March 18, 1840. Their children are Ellen O. born Aug. 20, 1867; Margaret E., March 25, 1870 ; Joseph L., Aug. 23, 1872; Charles E., Nov. 21, 1874 ; owns farm of 175 acres ; his father, William Hammel, settled in Morgan Co. the same time, and lives in Lynnville Hammel William, retired, Lynnville Hammel William H. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville Haney John H. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville 682 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Harris George F. physician, Lynnville Heaton Samuel, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Lynn- ville Herring James, fanner, Sec. 21, P.O. Lynn- ville Hester John D. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Hester Robert, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Hester Robert jr. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Hills George J. carpenter, Lynnville Hills Harriet Mrs. Sec. 5, P.O. Lynnville Hornbeck James, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Huckstep Frank, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynn- ville TAMES HARVEY, farmer, Ljmnville J Johnson David, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville Johnson Nelson R. teacher, Lynnville Johnson William, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Jones Charles W. clerk, Lynnville T7" ELLEM JOHN, storekeeper, Lynnville Koyne Anthony, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville Koyne John, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville T AMB JOSEPH, farmer. Sec. 2, P.O. -*- -/ Lynnville Lawrence Newton, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Lynn- ville Lawson Elisha, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Lawson Samuel, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Lynn- ville Lazenby Charles, farmer, Lynnville Lewis David, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Lewis Samuel, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville Lewis Thomas, farmer, Sec. 13, P. O. Jack- sonville Lockman David, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jack- sonville Lockman David, jr. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jacksonville A/TADER M. E. MRS. Lynnville Marshall Joseph, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Lynnville Marshall Michael, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Massey George W. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jack- sonville MAWSON JOHN R. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Lynnville; he was born in Scott Co. Ills. Feb. 16, 1843, and was raised in Morgan Co.; he enlisted in Co. K, 27th Illinois Vol. Infantry in 1 86 1 and served three years; was married to Clara Tanksley, April 13, 1869; she was born in Scott Co. Oct. 30, 1848; their chil- dren are Franklin L., born Feb. 25th, 1870; Lucy Ann, Sept. 19, 1872; Robert Dayton, March 15, 1875; owns farm of 240 acres Mawson Robert, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Lynn- ville McAllister William O. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynnville McCann John, farmer, Sec. 15, P. O. Jack- sonville McDaniel M. C. blacksmith, Lynnville McDonough Patrick, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville MEGGINSON PETER D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Lynnville; born in Morgan Co. 111. Jan. 5, 1843; his father, Ralph Megginson, was born in Yorkshire, England, and settled in Morgan Co. in 1832; Peter was married to Sarah C. Middleton, Nov. II, 1869; she was born in Yorkshire, England, Nov. n, 1844; their children are, Mary Jane, born Aug. 23, 1870; Leonard Barton, April 25, 1872; Alfred, July 8, 1876 Melton Garrison, farmer, Lynnville Melton Samuel, farmer, Lynnville Mick Charles, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jackson- ville Mick Wm. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville MIDDLETON HILTON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Lynnville; he was born in Yorkshire, England, Nov. 3, 1838, and came to America in 1848, and settled in Morgan County the same year, with his father Hodgson Middleton; he was born in Durham, England, Jan. 27, 1806; he married Jane Bolan, Dec. 28, 1836; she was born in Yorkshire, England, July 22, 1807; he died July 30, 1876, and his wife died Feb. 24, 1875; Hilton was married to Maggie H. Allan, Dec. 16, 1875; she was born Jan. 20, 1853; one child, Clara Jane, born Dec. 17, 1876; owns farm of 277 acres TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 683 Middleton Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynnville Murgatrioyd William, harnessmaker, Lynn- ville Myers Fred, farmer, Lynnville /^V'MARA EDWARD, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. ^^^ Lynnville O'Neill James, farmer, Lynnville Owings Willis, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville PACKARD CHARLES, farmer, Lynn- 17 ville Packard Charles C, farmer, Lynnville Parkins Richard, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Parkins William, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Patterson J. A. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Phalon William, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jack- sonville Potter Charles W. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Lynnville Potter Edward E. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Lynnville POTTER HENRY, deceased; he was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1841; he with his family emigrated to the United States in 1849; They left Liverpool May 7, and landed in New York in June of the same year, and located at Oriskany, Oneida County, New York; moved to Lynnville, Morgan County, in September, 1851; seven children were born in England, James, Elizabeth, Ann Elliott, John, Henry T., Martha, William, and five born in Amer- ica, Ruth, George, Thomas, Edward E., Charles W.; Mr. Potter followed his trade as wagonmaker till 1857, then moved to Scott County; lived there four years; in 1860 purchased 240 acres of JaCbb Strawn, and in the Spring of 1861 moved to Mor- gan County; he was married to Mary Elli- ott in 1837; she was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1817; he died in 1876 Potter Joseph, teaming, Lynnville Potter Mary Mrs. Sec. 22, P.O. Lynnville D ANSON GEORGE, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lynnville Ranson James H. renter, Sec. 3, P.O. Lynn- ville Rawlings William, farmer, Lynnville Reece Thomas, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Lynn- ville Ricks Charles, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jackson- ville Ricks Fred, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville Rice C. K. farm hand, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynnville CCHOLFIELD FREDERICK, farmer, ^ Sec. 21, P.O. Lynnville Scholfield Thomas, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Lynnville Sheehan Daniel, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Lynn- ville Shirtclfff Alfred P. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Simkins Thomas, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Sizemore James A. farmer, Lynnville Sizemore John D. farmer, Lynnville Smith Josiah farmer, Lynnville Stiwell Jacob, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Murray- ville Stringer Thomas, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Sturdy George M. farmer, Lynnville Sturdy Thomas, farm hand, Sec. 6, P.O. Lynnville Sturdy Thomas, wagonmaker, Lynnville Styans William, farmer, Lynnville Sullivan Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O.Jack- sonville Suter Matthias, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Switzer William, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jack- sonville H^AYLOR JOHN, farmer, Lynnville Tobin Edward, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville Tracy Bryan, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville Tuke David, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jackson- ville V\TALKER WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. n, VV P.O. Lynnville Walker William, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Walter Edward, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Wall Sophia Mrs. Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville Watson John, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Lynnville 684 MORGAN COTTNTY DIRECTORY. Watson Richard, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Lynn- ville Watson William H. farmer, Lynnville Welch John, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jackson- ville Wilson William, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Worrell Judahs, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville BUSINESS CARDS. MIDDL.ETON HILTON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Lynnville; raiser of sheep, swine, and cattle ALLAN PETER, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Lynnville; breeder of sheep, swine, and cattle ANGEL.O THOMAS M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Lynnville; raiser of fine sheep, swine, and cattle SOWN JOHN, raiser of cattle, sheep, swine, etc., Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville FERGUSON CHAMPION, stock raiser, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville; Cotswold sheep a specialty; Berkshire swine, cattle, horses, etc. FLJGG GEORGE, raiser of sheep, cattle, swine, horses, etc., Sec. 4, P.O. Lynn- ville GORDON JOHN & CO. Lynnville, dealers in dry goods, groceries, hardware, medicines, hats, caps, boots, shoes and rubbers, ready made clothing, etc. HAMMEL PETER E. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Jacksonville; raiser of Poland and China swine, Cotswold sheep, and fine cattle MAWSON JOHN R. raiser of Cots- wold sheep, Poland and China swine, cattle, horses, etc., Sec. 16, P.O. Lynnville MEGGINSON PETER D. raiser of Chester white swine, Cotswold sheep, cattle', horses, etc., Sec. 3, P.O. Lynnville TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. A LEXANDER JOHN T. farmer and .n. stock-dealer, Alexander T) AKER E. F. DR. merchant and P. M. Alexander Baker F. M. grain dealer (of firm of Green- lief & Baker) Alexander Baker William H. renter, Alexander Baker Wm. J. renter, Alexander Baker M. V. renter, Alexander Bammel Christopher, lab. Alexander BLATTEE JOHN, butcher and farm- er, Alexander, Sec. 15-8. Was born in Baden, Germany, Jan. 9, 1828 ; came to New Orleans in 1848 ; to St. Louis in 1849, and to this county and town in 1850. Through the war he shipped cattle for John T. Alexander and others four years ; on one of his trips to Missouri after cattle, he was attacked by a party of bushwackers who searched him and cut his clothes to pieces for his money, and left him badly used up, with $2.50 and his revolver; he at the time had a large amount of money hidden in the lining of his saddle which they failed to find ; was married to Ada Yehle in 1868 ; she was a native of Baden, Germany and came to this country and county in 1866 Brown James W. renter, Sec. 30, P.O. Alex- ander Brown Richard, pensioner, Alexander Brown W. F. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Alex- ander Bryan John, farm hand, Sec. 19. P.O. Alex- ander t /^ARMICHAEL L. E. farm hand. Sec. 19, ^ P.O. Alexander Carter W. D. farmer for Dewees, Sec. 19. P.O. Alexander Coftman King, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Coogler Gotliep, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Alexander C raig Samuel, lab. Alexander Creel Henry, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Alex- ander E2 TRENTON THOMAS J. farmer and jus- tice of the peace, Alexander Davenport Marion Claiton, teacher, Alexan- der Davidson Thomas P. sec. foreman, Alexander DEWEES SAMUEL S. farmer, stock raiser and stock dealer, Sec. 19, T. 15-8, P.O. Alexander T7DMONDS SAMUEL, physician and ^ justice of the peace, Alexander T7ERG-USON A. farmer for Dr. Brown, Sec. 28, T. 15-8, P.O. Alexander ; was born in this county in 1836 ; enlisted in Co. D. 101 I. V. I. and discharged after two years service for disability ; was at the siege of Vicksburg and the battles of Holly Springs, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; married Lucinda Tunnell in 1855 ; she was born in Macoupin Co. in 1839 ; have eight children living: William T., Albert J., Susie E., Lizzie, Ida, Benny, Edith, and Horace ; holds the office of school director Ford Patrick H. R.R. employe, Alexander /^REENLIEF & BAKER, grain dealers, ^"^ Alexander TT ABBISON C. C. farmer and con- stable, Alexander ; was born in this Co. Aug. 27, 1841 in Franklin township ; came to Alexander in 1866 ; was member of Co. A, 27 Regt. Mo. V. I. two years and discharged for disability ; was in several engagements, among which was Spring- field, Mo., and Vicksburg ; married Italy Young Jan. 2, 1868 ; she was born in Scott Co. Aug. 23, 1847 ; have three chil- dren living ; Laura L., May Belle, Gilbert C. and George Emerson who died Feb. 3, 1876 HINBICHSEN EDWAK1> S. farm- er and general western agent for the Canada Southern R.R. for the State of Illinois, Sec. 30, T 15-8, P.O. Alexander; was born in Germany in 1815 and came to Penn. in 1836, and to Franklin County 686 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. in 1840, where he lived thirteen years ; went on a farm two and a half miles north of Franklin in 1853, and in the Spring of 1857 came to Alexander, where he now lives, which place he platted and named in honor of John T. Alexander ; was ap- pointed station agent for the Wabash road which position he filled until May I, 1876; married Mary Ann Wyatt, daughter of William Wyatt, one of the pioneers of Morgan County, having settled in this county in 1819 ; she was born in 1825, and was married in 1845 ; have six children, all living JASPER CHARLES, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Alexander Jasper James, renter, Sec. 30, P.O. Alexander Jones B. F. farm hand, Sec. 7, P.O. Alexan- der Johnson Evan, farm hand, Alexander Johnson James Lewis, farm hand. Sec. 9, P.O. Old Berlin 17 AISER CARL, farm hand, Alexander Kaiser D. J. shoemaker and grocer, Alexander Kelley Patrick, sec. hand, Alexander Kumle S. B, farmer, Alexander j A RUE LYDIA MRS. hotel, Alexander LESTER FOUNTAIN, telegraph operator, station and express agent, Alex- ander; was born in Ky., Dec. i, 1845, came to this county in 1870, and in April 1872 went back to Ky., where he remained until the next Aug. when he returned to Alexander, and in the Winter of 1875 went to the R.R. station as assistant and to learn telegraphing, and was appointed agent and operator on the resignation of E. S. Hinrichsen, May i, 1876, and has filled that position since ; married Louisa J. Jasper, Sept. 25, 1870; she was born in Ky. ; have three children living ; Susie, Bertie, and William ; lost one I ,uby Owen, lab. Alexander LUTHER CHARLES, corn sheller, hedge trimmer, and sheep shearer, P.O. Alexander, Town 15-8. Was born in Ash- ford, England, Dec. 15, 1849; came to America and to Alexander, May i, 1866. Returned to England in 1874 on a visit, and is now engaged in shelling corn, trim- ming hedge and shearing sheep for the farmers in the vicinity of Alexander and Orleans TV/I" AJERUS MICHAEL, farmer, Alexan- 1V1 der Marker John, wagonmaker, Alexander Marple Elenore, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Mason C. J. wagonmaker and blacksmith, Alexander Mason William A. blacksmith, Alexander McCarty Patrick, renter, Sec. 32, P.O. Alex- ander McSeree Amor, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Alexander McGee James, cattle feeder, Sec. 19, P.O. Alexander Myers James J. farm hand, Sec. 33, P.O. Alex- ander TVT AYLOR JAMES F. farm hand, Sec. 21, ^ P.O. Alexander J. L. farm hand, P.O. Alex- ander Patterson Edward M. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Alexander Patterson Frank H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Alexander Patterson Thomas F. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Alexander Points Francis M. renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander TDUBLE RICHARD, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, Town 15-8, P.O. Old Berlin; was born in this county in 1826, and has lived here since ; first wife was Lucy D. Harris; she was born in Tenn., and was married in 1849 ; she died in November, 1863, leaving one child John A.; was married again in April, 1864, to Sarah Jane Smetters, who was a native of Ohio, and came to this county when very young. Have six children, all living : Mary Ellen, Milton, Andrew J., George, Henry and Sarah Jane ; owns 575 acres, valued at $28,750. On the 25th of June, 1844, Mr. Ruble, while cutting the top from a " bee tree," lost his hold and fell to the ground, a distance of 74 feet 4 in. actual measure, and still suffers from injuries received from that fall. The tree still stands on what is known as the Craig farm, 4 miles northeast TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. (587 from Jacksonville. His father, Jesse Ruble, was born in East Tennessee, and came to this county in 1820, and settled four miles northeast from Jacksonville, where he lived until 1851, when he came to Sec. 9-15-8, and from there to Sangamon County, where he died Aug. i, 1871, in his 73d year CEVIER ARCHIBALD, renter, Sec. 30, ^ P.O. Alexander Severe William, renter, Sec. 31, P.O. Alex- ander Shoppmaer John, farmer, Alexander Shumaker Edmund, blacksmith, Alexander Sorrells Ervin, section hand, Alexander Sorrells William, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Alex- ander Stiles M. C. restaurant, Alexander . Strawn Jacob H. farmer, P.O. Alexander '"THOMAS G. H. stock dealer, Alexander Thompson Henry, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Alexander Thompson John M. painter, Alexander Thompson Thomas, painter, Alexander Thompson William T. farmer, Alexander Y\, r ALLBERN FREDERICK, farm hand, * * Sec. 20, P.O. Alexander Wagner John, merchant, Alexander Weisenberger C. Mrs., Alexander Weisenberger Oscar, tel. opr. Alexander Wilcox Thomas M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. New Berlin Wiswall H. C. banker and farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Alexander Wolf Frederick, butcher, Alexander Wright John A. farm hand, Sec. 7, P.O. Alexander BUSINESS CARDS. HARRISON C. C. constable, Alex- ander. Particular attention given to col- lections, and returns promptly made LUTHER CHARLES, shells corn, trims hedge, and shears sheep, Alexander. Orders for work solicited, and satisfaction guaranteed. TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. A LEXANDER MARY A. widow of *" John T., Sec. 24, P.O. Alexander Alexander William D. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Alexander Anderson George, farm hand, Sec. 31, P.O. Pisgah Andrew Daniel P. farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Andrew Washington, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Arnold James E. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville T) ABB J. W. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O, Jackson- *-* ville BAKER JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, township 15-9, P.O. Jack- sonville; was born in Clark County, Ohio, in 1819; came to this county and precinct in 1842, with no money, and worked on a farm four years, for from eight to twelve dollars per month, when he bought his home farm of 306 acres, and improved it himself, to which he has added until now he he owns 600 acres, and can be classed as one of the most successful farmers in this county, which is the result of his own industry and perseverance; married Sarah Sample, Feb. 12, 1846; she was born in Boone County, Illinois, Aug. 3, 1821; have five children, . all living; Sarah E., Mary Ellen, Margaret Ann, Eliza Jane, and James M. Barker John E. renter, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Barry James, farm hand, Sec. 23, P.O. Or- leans Barter Henry C. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Or- leans Baxter George, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jackson- ville Bliss Joseph, R.R. employe, Orleans I5OLTON JAMES H. station express agent and post-master, Orleans, township 15-9; was born in Jennings County, Indi- ana, Feb 17, 1831; came to Springfield, Illinois, in 1851, and worked for the Chi- cago & Alton R.R.; on the loth of March, 1852 he assisted in putting in what is sup- posed to be the first railroad crossing in this State, that being the crossing at Springfield Junction of the Chicago & Alton R.R. and the Great Western R.R., now the Wabash R.R.; returned to Indiana in the Fall of 1652, and came to this county in 1863, and assumed the office of station and express agent at Orleans, which posi- tion he has filled since; married Selah J. Overman, Aug. 15, 1854; she was born in Bartholomew County, Indiana, in January, 1837; have four children living; William M., Edward E., Emma Belle, and Lillie May; lost four children Bolton W. M., R.R. employe, Orleans BOSTON C. C. farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 27, township 159, P.O. Orleans; was born in Cass Co. Jan. I, 1854; came to this county in 1855; wife was Annie M. Wade; she was born in this State in 1854, and was married Feb. 25, 1875; have one child, Earl S., born Dec. 24, 1875 Boston George E. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Or- leans Boston Judson A. farmer, Sec 28, P.O. Or- leans Boyce George H. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jack- sonville Boyce William I. stock shipper, Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville Boyce William S. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jack- sonville Breckon Vickerman, farmer, Sec. 5> P-O. Jacksonville Briant John, farm hand, Sec. 20, P.O. Jack- sonville Brine John, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Brown George, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville /^HITWOOD WILLIAM G. farm hand, ^ Sec. 11, P.O. Orleans Clark George, farm hand, Sec. 15, P.O. Jack- sonville Cleary William, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jackson- ville TOWN 15 NORTH KANGE 9 WEST. 689 Coker Clayborn, retired, Sec. 32, P.O. Jack- sonville Coker Dennis, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville Coker George, farmer. Sec. 29, P.O. Jackson- ville Covington John W. farmer and stock dealer, Se*c. 12, P.O. Jacksonville Cox Hobson, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville Cox Lee, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville Grain Isaac B. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Jackson- ville Grain William M. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Jack- sonville Cully Ervin W. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville Cully John M. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville Cully Mary Mrs. widow, Sec. 6, P.O. Jack- sonville CULLY OLIVER H. farmer and stock raiser and dt aler, Sec. 6, township 15, R. 9 W., P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Indiana, and came to this county in 1852 Cully William H. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jack- sonville Cummings Charles, farm hand, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville Curry Edgar J. farm hand, Sec. 34, P.O. Or- leans Curts George, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Jackson- ville Curts J. F. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jacksonville P)ALBEY N. P. stock dealer, Sec. 10, J - y P.O. Orleans Dodsworth J., farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Sinclair Dodsworth Robert N. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Sinclair Douglass Alex. M. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Or- leans Douglas Thomas F. farmer. Sec. 36, P.O. Or- leans Dowell Edmond, lab. Sec. 13, P.O. Orleans Doyle John F .R. employe, Orleans Dunlap Dicy, widow of Stephen, Sec. 5, P.O. Jacksonville Dunlap James M. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Dunlap Samuel W. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- sonville Dunlap William R. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- sonville Drury Charles J. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Or- leans Dyer Barton, farm hand, Sec. 33, P.O. Pisgab T7ERGUSON JOHN, lab. Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville Ferguson Marion, renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Orleans Filson Mary A. widow, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Fletcher Lee, farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Alex- ander Foley John, farm hand, Sec. 26, P.O. Orleans Foster James, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville Frasier John W. farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Jacksonville Frost E. E. merchant and broommaker, Or- leans /- EOGHEGAN JOSEPH, farm hand, Sec. ^-* 31, P.O. Jacksonville Giles Daniel, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Jackson- ville Gray Edwin E. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Orleans Gray J. IX farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Alexander Gray Mary, widow, Sec. 26, P.O. Orleans GREEN HORATIO R. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, T. 15-9, P.O. Jackson- ville ; was born in this county in 1834 ; married Mary E. O'Neal in 1863; she was born in this county ; have six children, all living, Edward O., Laura J., Thomas S., Amy R., Erne M., and Baby ; owns 308 acres, valued at $23,100 Gross William H. farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Orleans IT AGAA D. farm hand, Sec. 6, P.O. Jack- sonville Hagerty George W. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Orleans Hall W. P. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jackson- ville Hamilton James C. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. . Jacksonville Hardy Richard, farm hand, Sec. 34, P.O. Orleans Hawkins James, farmer, P.O. Orleans Hill John H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Hiser John, farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville HOLMES JAMES T. farmer, stock raiser and capitalist, Sec. 34, T. 15-9. P.O. Orleans ; was born in New Jersey in 1801, and when very young his parents moved to Penn., where he was raised, and from 1820 690 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. to 1830 was one of the contractors on the Harrisburg canal. In 1830 he went to Kentucky, and was the first contractor that broke ground on the railroad running from Louisville to Lexington, which was the first railroad built in the State of Ken- tucky ; came to this county, and settled where he now lives in 1836 ; after traveling through 13 different States he came to the conclusion that Morgan Co. was the garden of the State, and has n >t changed his mind yet ; married Jane Vance in 1835 ; she was born in Ky , in 1801, and died Oct. 16, 1863, leaving a family of three children liv- ing, J. Stewart, Sarah A., Mary J., and Margaret, who died in 1843 ; married Mrs. Mary Doyle in June, 1866 ; who was a na- tive of Ky., and came to this county when an infant; owns 840 acres, valued at $63,000 ; was one of the Commissioners for the build- ing the Asylum for the Insane in Jackson- ville ; and is one of the directors of the Jacksonville National Bank HOLMES J. STEWART, farmer, stock dealer, and breeder of short horn cattle and Berkshire swine, Sec. 35, T. 15- 9, P.O. Orleans ; was born in this county in August, 1836 ; married Julia Hitt, who was born in Ky. in 1840 ; she was the daughter of Jesse Hitt, who died while on a trip to New Orleans, in the Fall of 1839, with the yellow fever ; and her mother dying while she was an infant, she was raised and educated by her uncle, with whom she lived until she was married in Feby., 1864. Have four children living, Sallie L., Jesse H., James T., and Louie B. ; owns 500 acres, valued at $37,500 Hosack E. L. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Orleans Hosier William, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville Huffaker F. W. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Huffaker Michael, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Hunter Jane, widow, Sec. 5, P.O. Jackson- ville Hunter Robert, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville JOHNSON ANDREW, farm hand, Sec. J 12, P.O. Alexander Johnson Henry B. farm .hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Alexander l/"EE JOHN, renter, Sec. 16, P.O. Jack- sonville Keegan Mike, lab. Sec. 17, P.O. Jackson- ville Kerr J. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Kerr James, carpenter, Sec. 29, P.O. Jackson- ville Kerr William, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jackson- ville Killison Lafayette, renter, Sec. 17, P.O. Jack- sonville Khmer Robert, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Alexan- der Kirkpatrick Jerre, renter, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville T AYTON W. T. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. ^~* Jacksonville Ledferd William H. farmer, Sec. 18. P.O. Jacksonville LEVLtfGS CHARLES W. teacher, Sec. 9, Township 15, Range 9, P.O. Jack- sonville, was born in New Hampshire in 1832, his father being a Methodist preacher, he received his education in different towns of New Hampshire and Vermont, and graduated at the Orange County Grammar School, and entered Dartmouth College in 1853, where he remained two years, when he commenced teaching, which he has fol- lowed since in the States of Vermont, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, and came to this county in September, 1855, and for the past eight years has taught the Mau- vaisterre school, seven miles east of Jack- sonville ; married Maggie B. Headington, daughter of Rev. Joel Headington, well known in this county as a Christian preacher and teacher, and died in 1857. Was mar- ried in 1859; she was born in 1837. Have six children living: Florence M., Lelie L., Nellie W., Lottie M., William H., Dollie G., and Laura, who died in 1864. Lonergan Cornelius, retired, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Lonergan James, brick molder, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Lonergan Paul, brick molder, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Lott Eli, lab. Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville j\T AGILL JAMES, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Magill S. Luthur, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jack- sonville TOWX 13 NOKTH RANGE 9 WEST. 691 Maloy Frank, farm hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Alex- ander Mann Joseph, farm hand, Sec. 1 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Mann M. H. lab. Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Matthews Cyrus W. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Mathews John H. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jack- sonville Mathews Richard, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville Mathews R. T. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jackson- ville Mathews S. W. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jackson- ville McCafrey Patrick, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville McCrea Samuel, farm hand, Sec. Id, P.O. Orleans McDonnel William M. farm hand, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville Meadows George F. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Orleans Miller Joseph, farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Or- leans Moore George W. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Moore Mathew, lab. Sec. 31, P.O. Jackson- ville Mounts John, farm hand, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- sonville Mullins Anderson, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Or- leans O 'DONNE 1 8, P.O. k 'DONNEL PATRICK, farm hand, Sec. Jacksonville O'Leara, John, farm hand, P.O. Orleans O'Neal Frederick, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O.Jack- sonville O'Neal John C. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jack- sonville O'Neal Martha A. widow, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville O'Neal Michael, lab. Orleans Orear B. F. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Orleans Orear George, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Jackson- ville Orear Thomas B. farmer. Sec. 10, P.O. Or- leans "DEMBER N. E. farm hand, Sec. 31, P.O. 1 Jacksonville Pitner A. W. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jacksonville ID ANSDALLS JOHN, farmer, Sec. 29, -^ P.O. Jacksonville Rat.liff William L. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Reed John, farm hand, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville Reeve Isaac B. farmer and blacksmith, Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville Reeve John, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville Reeve Robert W. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Jack- sonville Reynolds George, farm hand, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville Rice Walter S. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Ricards Smiley S. blacksmith, Sec. 13, P.O. Alexander Robertson Frank, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jack- sonville Robertson John, farmer and banker, Sec. 3 and Jacksonville, P.O. Jacksonville Robertson Rinda F. widow, Sec. I, P.O. Alexander Russell Joseph, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O, Jack- sonville CHUFF A. Mrs. widow, Sec. 17, P.O. Jacksonville Slusser T. J. ditcher, Orleans Smith Frank M. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Or- leans Smedley Hiram, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Orleans Smith Ellen Mrs. widow, Sec. 28, P.O. Or- leans Smith John M. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Orleans Sorrels Peter, farmer, P.O. Orleans Spidel James U. renter. Sec. 32, P.O. Orleans Sprain Henry, farmer, Sec. 32. P.O. Jackson- ville Stanford Thomas, farm hand, Sec. 3, P.O. Jacksonville STEELE W. IS". Rev. pastor of Pisgah Presbyterian Church, residence Sec 21, Town 15-9, P.O.Orleans and Jacksonville. Was born in Indiana in 1825 ; graduated at Wabash College in 1851, and at Lane Theological Seminary in 1854; came to Rossville, Vermillion Co., 111., in 1869, and to this county in 1874. Wife was Minerva J. Todd, daughter of Dr. Henry G. Todd, of Danville, Ind.; was married in July, 1854; have five children: Lizzie L., Em- ma E., Wilber K., Freddie T. and Charles D. Stevenson Irvin, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Orleans Stevenson S. C. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O.Orleans 692 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Stevenson Thomas, farmer. Sec. 27, P.O. Or- leans Stevenson William J. student, Sec. 27, P.O. Orleans STB AWN JAMES G. farmer, stock dealer, and breeder of thorough-bred short- horn cattle and extra horses for all pur poses, Pleasant Grove farm, Sec. 26, Town 15-9, P.O.Orleans. Was born in Licking Co., Ohio, Oct. 13, 1824; came with his parents to this county in the Fall of 1829 on a visit ; returned here in 1831, and set- tled in this county. Wife was Nancy Bradshaw, daughter of Judge John Brad- shaw, who came from Tennessee and set- tled here in 1819 ; she was born Nov. 23, 1824, and married Sept. 19, 1844; have seven children : John A., Jacob H., William S., Charles B., James G., Joel G., and Isaiah who died May 9, 1874; owns 1,300 acres, valued at $97,500 Strawn James G. jr. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Or- leans Slrawn John A. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Orleans Strawn William S. farmer, Sec. 25 P.O. Alex- ander Swain George, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Alex- ander ^THOMPSON CATHERINE, widow, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville Thompson Samuel, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville THRALL EBASTUS, section fore- man, Wabash Railway, Orleans. Was born in Ontario Co., N. Y., in 1832; served apprenticeship at carpenter and joiner trade with B. F. Jenkins in East Bloomfield, N. Y. , which he worked at for seventeen years, the last two years of whichhe manufactured the Clifton Springs Agricultural Barome- ter, and then commenced railroading on the New York Central Road ; came to De- catur in 1867, and to this county in 1876. Married Marette C. Overacre in 1855; she was born in New York in 1827; have four children living : Francis J., Julia A., Mar- tha A. and Wendal E.; lost three children Tindall Edmond M. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville Tindall I. F. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jackson- ville Tindall I. N. retired. Sec. 16, P.O. Jackson- ville TINDALL SAMUEL, farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville. Was born in Pennsylvania in 1825; came to this county in 1837; owns 375 acres, val- ued at $22,500. Married Ellen Moore, daughter of Dr. E. Moore, Feb. 21, 1856; she was born in this county; have one child Edmond M., who is now a student at the Illinois College, Jacksonville. His father, I. N. Tindall, was a native of Dela- ware, and came to this county in 1837, and settled near where he is now living WAUGHN MOSES, lab. Sec. 13, P.O. Or- leans "V WAGGONER P. B. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville Waggoner William, farmer. Sec. 19 and 21, P.O. Jacksonville. WANING FRANCIS L. ditcher and tile drainer, Orleans, P O. Orleans, Was born in Ohio in 1843, and came to this county in 1874. Has been very successful in tile draining of land Waltman Arnold, renter, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Weagley S. G. physician. Sec. ir, P.O. Jack- sonville Weagley S. G. jr. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jack- sonville Welborn A, H. student, Sec. 27, P.O. Orleans Welborn Wisdom, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Or- leans Williams J. H. farm hand, Sec. 27, P.O.Jack- sonville Williamson Samuel, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Or- leans Wingler John, farm hand, Sec. 21, P.O.Jack- sonville Woodcook David, farm hand, Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville \7ANNEY JULUS, lab. Sec. 28, P.O. Or- I leans TOWN 13 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 693 BUSINESS CARDS. HOLMES J. STEWART, breeder and dealer in fine blooded short horn cattle, and Berkshire swine, Sec. 35, T. 15-9, P.O. Orleans STRAWN JAMES G. breeder of short horn cattle, draft, saddle, and extra horses for all purposes; stock for sale; Pleasant Grove farm, Sec. 26, T. 15-9, P.O. Orleans WANING FRANCIS L,. ditcher and tile drainer, Orleans; orders for draining, in all parts of the county, solicited, and promptly attended to, and satisfaction guaranteed TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 1O WEST. A LLEN ISAAC, renter, Sec. 13, P.O. 'Jacksonville T3 ALDWIN S. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- sonville BACON ANDREW, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Morgan County, Oct, II, 1845, having thus grown up with the county, and one whose interests are closely identified with its improvements; married Feb. 9, 1871, to Fanny, daughter of Anthony and Louisa Boston, of Morgan County; born July I, 1849; this union has been blessed by one child: Ella, born Nov. 16, 1872; Mr. Bacon has devoted his industries solely to agricul- tural pursuits; ten years of his life were spent in Missouri, returning to his native county in 1876; homestead consists of 160 acres of beautifully located and highly improved land BALDWIN ISAAC, fruit farm and nursery, North Main Street, one mile north of city limits, P.O. box 334, Jacksonville; Mr. Baldwin came to Morgan County in the year 1858, and established himself in the above location and business, which, by close attention and enterprise, has in- creased yearly, until he now stands un- rivalled in this county, his nursery com- prising over 100 acres of land; he has had long and varied experience, both in Europe and this country; this, combined with unceasing study and experiment, is the key- note to his success; he makes a specialty of the growing of fruits, choice vegetables, ornamental trees, shrubs, etc., etc.; among his stock may be found apple, pear, cherry, peach, plum, etc., also evergreens, tulips, shade and ornamental trees, and flowering shrubs in endless variety; grape vines, cur- rants, gooseberries, strawberries, rasp- berries, dwarf serviceberries, and, in fact, every species of small fruits; Mr, Baldwin employs no agents, but invites all interest- ed, or in want of any thing in his line, to visit his nursery and make his own selec- tion; Mr. B. guarantees all trees and fruits home grown, and true to name, as he gives his own personal attention to grafting and budding; orders promptly filled, and satis- faction guaranteed; correspondence solicited as above Barber William, renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jack- sonville BECRAFT AQUILA, farmer, Sec. II, T. 14, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Montgomery County, Maryland, July 22, 1797; emigrated to Kentucky in 1822; to Morgan County in 1833; was o ne f tne earliest settlers of this county; was married in 1817 to Miss Anna M. Letton, of Ken- tucky; had by this marriage three children: Israel L., Mary Ann, wife of John Goltra, and Martha V., wife of M. C. Goltra; was married again, in 1823, to Miss Nancy Hitt, of Kentucky; had by this union thirteen children Becraft Aquila, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jack- sonville Becraft James, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jack- sonville Bickford C. S. dairyman, Sec, 22, P.O. Jack- " sonville Bond Samuel, gardener, Sec. 18, P.O. Jack- sonville Boston James, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Boston John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Branson B. B. Sec. 28, P. O. Jacksonville Buckingham Wm. plasterer and builder, Sec. 22, P. O. Jacksonville Busey Daniel, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jackson- ville /""*AIN JOHN, farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville; son of James and Mary Cain, natives of parish of " Dor- rah Abbey," Kings County, Ireland; was in youth a clerk in a linen store, but as he grew to more ripe years, engaged in the pursuits of a rural life on the farm, died in the parish of his birth, aged 50 years; his TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 695 birth was in 1796, died in 1846; his wife survived him many years, emigrating to America in 1853; settling for a few years in the State of New Jersey; in 1857 joined her son John here in old Morgan; after a most eventful life, was stricken with chol- era in August, 1874, and died the I3th of same month; was buried Aug. 15, 1874, i n Diamond Grove Cemetery, aged 75 years; the subject of this biography was born in the parish of " Dorrah Abbey," Kings Co., Ireland, March 14, 1820; during the early years of his life was a happy country boy; received a moderate education which in the after years of his life fitted him to meet the many responsibilities of his active life; he left his native land in February, 1844, to see the "green fields" of America; after a perilous voyage landed at New York city, March, 1844; from there to near Long Branch, New Jersey; after a good stay with the "Jersey blues," moved to Cincin- nati, Ohio; thence to New Orleans, and soon returned to the same city; was mar- ried to Miss Bridget Hanrahan, daughter of Denis and Winnifred Hanrahan, natives of County Clare, Ireland, April 6, 1851, by Rev. Father Hope; after marriage, moved to near Jacksonville, Morgan County, and did his first labor for Jonathan Neely, sheriff; after working very satisfactorily for Mr. Neely, struck out on his own " hook, " renting a farm from Stephen Green; after many years of hard, honest toil, he by judicious economy was able to purchase a bit of land; purchased of John Alexander 70 acres of land, and has since that epoch in his life, added acre after acre to his first purchase, until now he is master of a splendid farm of 320 acres of land, worth $20,000; during the years of his res- idence here has won for himself the hon- ored distinction of being a strictly honest man; in 1874 was before the Democratic Convention for the office of County Com- missioner, but the "machine" outwitted his honesty, hence was beaten; was subse- quently in the same year nominated by the Independents for the office of Sheriff, re- ceiving a very complimentary vote, though defeated by the " ring; " yet he has lost none of his old popularity; Mr. Cain enjoys the pleasure of a large, interesting family of ten children: Mary Anne, born May 25, 1852; Margaret Theresa, born Nov. 6, ^853; James, born May n, 1855; John H. born May 2, 1857; Rose Ellen, born March I, 1859; Winnifred, born Aug. 28, 1861; Austin, born Oct. 23, 1863; Elizabeth, born Feb. 14, 1866; Thomas, born Oct. 25, 1868; Harriet C., bflrn May 15, 1871; in the Winters of 1874-6, James, having a taste for a professional life, entered the Jacksonville Business College, and under the care of Prof. G. W. Brown, prosecuted his studies into the highest branches of a commercial course, with honor to himself and class; Margaret was married, April 22, 1877, to John Landrigan, of Jacksonville, by Father Grant, and resides close to the old homestead CAMM SAMUEL,, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, England, Jan. 24, 1807; he was the son of William and Mary Camm; Samuel married in 1836, Miss Jane Minneack; until 1841 he was engaged in a coffee mill house; he then, accompanied by his family, emigrated to America, and set- tled near Winchester, Scott County, 111.; in August, 1849, his wife died; while in Scott County, five daughters were born to them; second wife now living, formerly Miss Martha D. Butler, daughter of Ed- ward and Elizabeth Butler; oldest son, William, on the breaking out of the war, raised a company, and was elected cap'.ain of Co. K, I4th Regiment Illinois Infantry; Spring of 1861, for meritorious service he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, serv- ing in that capacity until the close of the war, in many hard-fought battles, as Shi- loh and siege of Vicksburg; also enlisted in Hancock Corps as captain Co. H, ist Regiment; Bernard, a brother, also enlist- ed in the loist Illinois Regiment, and served four years a non-commissioned offi- cer Campbell J. N. renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Jackson- ville CARTER SAMUEL W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville; son of W. C. Carter, of Morgan Co., born April 20, 1849, and has resided here all his life; married, March 14, 1876, to Hannah, daughter of Sylvester and Charlotte Joy, of Morgan County, born Nov. 15, 1854; this union has been blessed by one child, Ernst 696 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. C., born Feb. 12, 1877; Mr. Carter has de- voted his industries solely to agricultural pursuits; homestead consists of 170 acres, beautifully located and highly improved CHESTNUT ALEXANDER COL. farmer, son of Charles and Eliza- beth, was born iit Ross Co., Ohio, Sept. 5, 1801; lived there upward of forty years; received his education in subscrip- tion schools; in 1832, he was married to Mary Ann McAllister; Oct. I, 1849, he then moved to Maiburn, Christian Co., Illinois, and bought 320 acres of land, and becoming a very successful farmer; in 1852 he moved to Logan Co., settling at Congo Grove, which he purchased, and surround- ing property, in all, 1500 acres; in 1868 he disposed of all but a section, which he still retains; thence to Morgan Co., where he bought 160 acres; a resident 'of Logan on the breaking out of the Rebellion, he or- ganized the loist Regiment, and assisted very materially toward the organization of the 4th Cavalry, and in Mason Co. lent his aid; it is said no man in the county helped more toward the preservation of the Union than Mr. Chestnut, who after a long life of usefulness, now rests from active labor on his farm CRAIG G. S. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville; born in Morgan County, Aug_ 1 8, 1854; his father emigrated to this State from Ohio in 1848; married in 1853 to Miss Margaret A. Mathews, of this county; have six children: George S., Delia R., S Lou, Kate M., Nettie, and Stella G. Craig Hezekiah, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Jack- sonville Crawley Samuel T. carpenter, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville ~n\ANIELS WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jacksonville Daniels W. W. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville DeFraties Antonio, renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jack- sonville DeFraites Emanuel, renter, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville DeFraties J., renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville Deaton Robert, renter, Sec, 18, P.O. Jack- sonville Donahue Pat, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jackson- ville Donovan James W. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jacksonville Don H., farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville Dorr Louis, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville Doty William, carpenter, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville Doyle Wm. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Dresbach , tailor, Sec. 33, P.O. Jackson- ville Dunavan Wm. T. wheelwright, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville DUNLAP STEPHEN, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville, son of Stephen Dunlap, who was born in Flem- ing Co., Kentucky, Feb. 10, 1811, and set- tled in this county in 1840, where he con- tinued to reside until his death, which oc- curred Feb. 9, 1877. Mr. Dunlap' s early life was passed in Ohio, where, on May 29, 1834, he married Miss Dicy Runkle ; this union was blessed by six children, viz. : Irwin, James, William, Stephen, and Sam- uel, and a daughter, Mary J., who died Feb. 22, 1864. He served the county as associate judge for eight years ; was Presi- dent of First Nat. Bank, and Director of Chicago & Alton R.R. Co., and a promi- nent member of Illinois Central Agricul- tural Association, ever filling his important trusts with honor to himself and the entire satisfaction of all concerned. Judge Dun- lap was received into membership of the Baptist Church in 1854, and ever sustained the character of a conscientious Christian man. His widow, who is the same age as the Judge to a day, still lives at the old homestead, familiarly known as the Dur- ham Farm. The subject of this sketch was born June 8, 1845, in Jacksonville, thus having grown up as it were with the county. Married Feb. 7, 1866, to Har- riett, daughter of George and Sarah Orear, of Morgan Co., born Sept. 9, 1846. Five children have blessed this union, viz. : Olive G.. Feb. 12. 1867; Franklin, March 13, 1869, died Feb. 16, 1873 ; George A., Feb. 18, 1871 ; Stephen H., March 9, 1875, and Orear Dec. 6, 1877. Mr. Dunlap has devoted his industries chiefly to agricultural pursuits. Homestead consists of 135 acres, beautifully located, and familiarly known as Mineral Spring Farm Dye Benjamin, farmer. Sec. 12, P.O.Jackson- ville TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 697 SAMUEL, engineer Deaf and Dumb Institute, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville, born in State of Maine, Dec. 12, 1835, and removed to Morgan Co. 1857. Was married Dec. 12, 1862, to Margaret C. Whitman, of Indiana, born Sept. 8, 1833. This union has been blessed by three children, viz. : Charles H., July 20, 1863 ; Thaddeus, Sept. 20, 1865, and Hattie M., Feb. 26, 1872. Mr. Eastman enlisted June, 1863, in the U. S. Navy as machinist, and served in the South Atlantic squadron under Admiral Dahlgren for three years. Mr. E. has held his present position as engineer at the State Deaf and Dumb Institute nearly four years Edgeman A. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville RIBBONS ROBT. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. ^^ Jacksonville Gibbons W. T. renter, Sec. I, P.O. Jackson- ville Goltra M. C. Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Graff Geo. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville TT ACKETT J. H. clothing, Sec. 28, P.O. Jacksonville Hamilton James O. teamster, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville HAMILTON JOHN C. Sec. 28, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Harrison Co., Ken- tucky, June 16, 1797, and removed to Illi- nois, October, 1834; he may thus be re- garded as one of the oldest living settlers, and one who is prominently identified with this county's growth. Married July 16, 1818, to Mary T. Rees, of Kentucky. Six children were the fruits of this union, two of whom only survive, viz. : Susan R., now Mrs. Goldsmith, of Waverly, born April 13, 1819, and Mary F., now Mrs. Suttori, of Jacksonville, born July 18, 1822. Mrs. Hamilton died Aug. 18, 1826. Mr. H. married again Jan. i, 1828, to Sarah B., daughter of John and Ruth Smith, of Paris, Ky.,born Dec. 19, 1807. This union was blessed by nine children, four of whom only survive, viz. : James O., Feb. 20, 1829; Wm. T., July 31, 1836; Sarah Agnes, March 17, 1843, and George T., Oct. 22, 1848. Mrs. H. died Sept. 21, 1858. Mr. H. again married April 5, 1859, to Mrs. Eliza Glenn, sister of his first wife. Mr. Hamilton has always been a zealous worker in the interests of the Methodist Church, he traveled a circuit for two years, giving his time and labor freely; he has preached in this section over forty years, and still continues his good work as local preacher. In the history of the Methodist Church Mr. H. forms a prominent part, and will be remembered by many for years to come for his efforts in their behalf. Upon Mr. H. first settling here he devoted his energies to agriculture, clearing a farm of 600 acres, seven miles southeast of Jacksonville ; he sold it in 1850, and engaged in mercantile business in Jackson- ville. His homestead is delightfully located just south of the. city limits, on Main street Heffernan Pierce, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Heinl Joseph, nurseryman and florist, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Herr Frederick, farm hand, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville Hoagland J. M. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jackson- ville HOPPER THOMAS W. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Scarborough, Yorkshire, England, Nov. 13, 1846, and came to this country with his parents in 1856, settling in this county. Married Aug. 29, 1874, to Lucy, daughter Willis and Nancy Davis, of Morgan Co., born July 9, 1848. This union has been blessed by two children : John Thomas, born May 2, 1875, and Willis Lambert, born June 2, 1877. Mr. Hopper enlisted in Co. G, Twentieth Vet. I. V. I. Jan. 2, 1864, and served under Gen. Sherman in his celebrated march through Georgia ; was discharged July 24, 1865 Hulett Joseph, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville T ACKSON THOMAS L. carpenter J and builder, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville,' born in Indiana, Aug. 26, 1849, and re- moved to this county in 1874. Was mar- ried Dec. 25, 1870, to Mollie E., daughter of George and Anne Fagly, of Ohio, born Jan. 26, 185^. This union has been blessed by two children, Erastus H., born July 31, 1873, and died July 4, 1874, and Carl R., born Oct. 30, 1876 James C. W. renter, Sec. 6, P.O. Jacksonville 698 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Jones E. P. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Jones Euphie, renter, Sec. 12, P.O. Jackson- ville JONES FREDERIC JL. mason, S. Main st., Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Milwaukee, Wis., Jan. i, 1847, and came to this State in 1862, settling in Jackson- ville. Enlisted in Co. C, Forty-first Wis. V. I. April 22, 1864, and served under Gen. Sherman until the close of the war. Married July 15, 1869, to Orilla, daughter of Dr. Lucien and Lura Higbee, of White- hall, Greene Co., born Sept. 29, 1847. This union has been blessed by four children : Herbert L., born June 22, 1870, died Jan. 18, 1876; Edgar L., July 31, 1872; Nita, Dec. 18, 1874, and Freddie, Jan. 6, 1878. Mr. Jones has been employed at the State Insane Institute for the past sixteen years as mason, which position he still holds T/^ILLAM THOMAS, farmer, P.O. Jacksonville ; born in Morgan County in 1849 '> l" s father emigrated to this State from England in 1828, and entered the land that he is now living on six miles west of Jacksonville ; Mr.'Killam has two brothers and five sisters. Kirkpatrick John, hostler S. R. R. Co., Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville Kitner Henry, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville j ANDRETH JAMES M. im- ~* porter and breeder of horses, South Main St., Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville ; born in Tennessee, March 7, 1838, removing with his parents at the age of eight years to Mississippi, and again to Arkansas in 1852, here he remained until 1862 when he removed to Brighton, Macoupin Co. 111., where he continued to reside until Sept. 1876, when he took up his residence in Jacksonville ; married at Brighton, Sept. 19, 1876, to Mary, daughter of Thomas H. . and Elizabeth Wilson, formerly of England, born July 22, 1842 ; this union has been blessed by one child, Martha W., born Feb. 16, 1878 ; Mr. Landreth in his early years was raised to agricultural pursuits ; he has been extensively engaged in the importa- tion and breeding of blooded horses for many years, in which business he has been highly successful ; among his importations are notably the famous horses of the Per- cheron-Norman specialty, Napoleon, Pre- ferie, Baalbec, St. Benoit, St. Nazaire, Sanspariel, &c., &c. Lanigan John, renter, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Laurie Geo. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jacksonville LAWYER HENRY, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville; son of Jas. and Ann Lawler, natives of Ireland ; Henry was born near Dublin City ; when fourteen years old, his parents emigrated to America, settling in Vermont ; two years after, the subject of this sketch moved to Morgan County, locating at Jacksonville in 1852 ; farming it one season he then became em- ployed in the Insane Asylum with Dr. McFarland ; he afterward became engaged in the ice trade ; on the abandonment of this enterprise, Mr. L. turned his attention to farming; in 1859 ne married Miss Bridget Maher ; five children, three living Ledferd Wm. renter, Sec. 10, P.O. Jacksonville Liter Abraham, farmer, Sec. 18, Jacksonville Liter Emon, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jackson- ville Liter Henry S. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Jack- sonville LOMELINO JOSEPH FER- RIRA, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jacksonville ; Jos. F. Lomelino was born on the Island of Maderia, 1813, and fled to the West Indies to escape religious persecution, where he remained several years, but finally came to the United States settling in Morgan Co., in 1851 ; during his residence at Trin- idad, West Indies, he was married to Jozifa Nunis ; by this union five children were born, three of whom only are living, viz : Emanuel F. April i, 1849 ; Joseph F. May 9, 1852 ; and Mary F. June, 1859, now Mrs. Daniel Meline, Morgan Co. ; Mr. Lome- lino followed the occupation of farming, and by industry accumulated a comforta- ble competence ; he died Feb. 13, 1878 ; his son Joseph whose name heads this sketch, was born at the homestead, where he still resides and devotes his industries to agricultural pursuits Long J. A. renter, Sec. II, P.O. Jacksonville LTJRTON J. H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville ; born in Scott Co., Kentucky, March 21, 1813, and re- moved to this State, settling in this county, in 1832 ; he may thus be rated as an early TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 699 settler, and one prominently identified with this county's development; married Jan. 24, 1844, to Mary E. daughter of the Rev. W. D. and Mahala Stribling, of Bourbon Co., Kentucky, born Dec. 8, 1822 ; this union has been blessed by nine children, viz. : Wm. S. Nov. 15, 1844 ; Johanna, Sept. 28, 1847, wife of Dr. Sarchette of Charlestown, 111. ; James F. Oct. 7, 1849, died Sept. 21, 1852 ; Henry, Feb. 10, 1852; Mary E. April 21, 1855, now Mrs. James Smith of Cass Co. ; Robert, July 8, 1858 ; Ben. B. Jan. 7, 1860 ; Lawrina H. Jan. 14, 1864, and Mary May, Sept. 28, 1867 ; Mr. Lurton has served the people of this county in various positions of trust for nearly thirty years, always proving himself an efficient and trusty public servant ; homestead consists of 450 acres, delightfully .located one mile east of town Lurton Wm. S. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville ARTIN CHAS. W. farmer, Sec. 5. P. O.Jacksonville Martin J. W. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jackson- ville Martin John, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jackson- ville Mason Timothy, jeweler, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Massey Henry, nurseryman, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville McDonald J. A. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jack- sonville McDonald J. K. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jack- sonville McNeal A. renter, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville McNeal W. A. renter, Sec. 7, P.O. Jackson- ville McNEAL JOHN, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Jacksonville ; born in Alabama, 1854; came to Morgan Co. in the Fall of 1865 ; is liv- ing with his mother ; has four brothers, James, Anderson, Augustus, and Henry ; Henry and James are living in Texas Metcalf Elias, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jackson- ville Morton F. M. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville MORTON JOSEPH COL. born Aug. 1801 ; fifth child of Robert and Sarah Morton, who with their family moved to North Carolina in 1806 ; the father's ances- tors English, and the mother's German ; her maiden name Sarah Sorrens; in 1811 the family moved to Bledsoe Co., Tenn., where the elder Morton died same year ; four years after Mrs. M. married Jonathan Kirby ; they soon after moved to Adair Co., Ky., where in 1825 Mr. K. died; Mrs. K. with two children by Mr. Kirby, and her son Wm. came to Morgan Co., 1828, and four years after passed off the stage of life. Col. M. re- ceived most of his education in Madison Co., 111., having located March, 1819, four miles from Alton ; in 1820, in company with John Bradshaw, he came and built a cabin on land near present site of Jacksonville, previous to government survey ; April 27, 1823, married Mary, daughter of Daniel Odell ; after marriage Mr. M. settled on land near Jacksonville East ; became very successful ; capital, willing hands and great energy ; one of the few pioneers living who remember the site of the present city of Jacksonville when it was unimproved by the hand of man; he assisted in building many of the first log cabins ; Mr. M. as be- fore stated is a man of rare energy, and who overcomes all difficulties by hard work ; Col. M. by first wife had thirteen children, all of whom have passed off the stage of life, except three; those living, Minerva, wife of James S. Rector ; Clarinda M., now the wife of Samuel T. Crawley, and Francis M. the youngest and only son living on the old homestead ; Col. M.'s first wife died in 1813 ; again married to Eliza Bradshaw, daughter of John Bradshaw, heretofore mentioned ; in 1836, Mr. M. was elected to the State Legislature ; in 1846 agiin elected; in 1854 elected to State Senate which held a session to revise State Constitution ; elected 1861 to State Convention ; Mr. M. has been very wealthy ; through misfortune has lost his property ; he is a truly Chris- tian man, and as a strictly honorable man has the respect of all Morton Wm. Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville Murphy John J. renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville pATTERSON A. C. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O, Jacksonville ; born in Kentucky in 1823 ; settled in Morgan Co. in the Fall of 1830, the winter of the deep snow ; mar- ried in 1853 to Miss Mary F. Bolts ; born 700 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. in Morgan Co. ; have five children (lost three) living : Martha E., Mary F., Chas. E., William B., Oliver L. ; owns 430 acres, valued at $21,500 Pearis Namon, renter, Sec. 29, P.O. Jackson- ville PHILLIPS JAMES, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Devonshire, Eng., Nov. 13, 1827, and came to U.S., settling in Morgan Co., 1852 ; was married in Canada, June 12, 1849, to Ann Molone, daughter of Wm. and Ann Mo- lone, formerly of Ireland ; this union has been blessed by eight children, five of whom are living, viz : Mary Jane, Oct. 20, 1850, now Mrs. T. J. Davison, Morgan Co.; John H., Jan. i, 1856 ; Caroline O., April 27, 1861 ; Richard E., Aug. 24, 1863 ; and Annie, Jan. 2, 1867. Mr. Phillips has de- voted his industries solely to agricultural pursuits ; homestead consists of 100 acres well improved land, wrought from the tim- ber and brush by the industry of its owner Poisal H.K. renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville "D EAD J. V. hatter, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville RECTOR JAS. S. farmer and stock raiser, son of Vincent and Artemesia Rector, natives of Virginia, where young Rector was born Oct. 4, 1816; receiving a liberal education ; during the Winter of 1835, the Rector family moved to Morgan Co., 111., settling in the vicinity of Jacksonville ; re- maining two years, they then moved to Pike Co., Mo.; James remained with parents three years, and then moved to Morgan Co., near Jacksonville ; rented a farm seven years ; in 1848, bought 228 acres, but very little improved ; by dint of rare judgment he accumulated land rapidly, owning at one time some 900 acres ; as he owned but $150 when he left Missouri, this speaks well for his enterprise; in 1840 he married Miss Min- erva J. Morton, daughter of Jos. Morton ; it is supposed Mrs. R. was the first white child born in Morgan Co., and the oldest one now living. Although never seeking office, his name has frequently been brought forward as a candidate ; in addition to available mill property, Mr. R. now owns 525 acres land ; children are Mary, Clara, Amanda, Geo., Jas., Isabel, Ella, Joseph. Andrew, Oily, John, Minnie, and Chase Rector J. V. farmer and stock raiser, P.O. Jacksonville Reeve Robert B. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jack- sonville Reid A. J. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville Reid Abraham, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jackson- ville Reid S. H. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Retter J. B. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville Ricks H. and Son, brewers, Sec. 9, P.O. Jack- sonville Roberts Thos. W. ins. agt. and notary pub- lic. Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville Rowe W. H. county surveyor. Sec. 18, P.O. Jacksonville C ALYERS ISAAC, renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville Sample Charles, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jackson- ville Sample Marion, farmer. Sec. II, P.O. Jack- sonville Sample Field, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jackson- ville Sample Theo. renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jackson- ville Sawyer John, renter, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville Sawyer J. E. renter. Sec. 27, P.O. Jackson- ville Scott John, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville Seibert Benj. F. supt. S.R.R.Co. Sec. 33, P.O. . Jacksonville Seibert Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Seibert Milton, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jack- sonville SELF WM. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville. Mr. Selfs father died Sept. 14, 1844, leaving a fam- ily, consisting of one son and two daugh- ters. Wm. C., the son, eldest of the family, and subject of this sketch, was born in Morgan Co., Aug. 24, 1839 ; he has thus grown up with the county, and one whose interests are strongly identified with its im- provements. Married Jan. I, 1861, to Louisa, daughter of Theo and Hannah Stout, Morgan Co., born June 6, 1841; this union was blessed by one child : John Spencer, born Oct. 20, 1861 ; his mother dying Oct. i, 1864, Mr. Self married again Nov. 4, 1868, to Mrs. Mary Jane TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. roi Phillips', daughter of Samuel and Mildred Black, of Morgan Co., born March 9, 1842. Mr. Self has been extensively engaged in stock dealing, but has lately devoted his industries more especially to agricultural pursuits, and the raising of stock. Home- stead consists of 200 acres of highly im- proved land Sheff Charles, farm hand, Sec. 6, P.O.Jack- sonville SIMPSON T. T. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Jefferson Co., Iowa, in 1847 ; settled in Morgan Co. in 1875 ; was in the civil war for two years ; enlisted in the 4th Iowa V. C.; married in 1876, to Miss Jennie McConnell, of this county Smawlen Samuel, farm hand, Sec. n, P.O. Jacksonville Stout Edward, renter, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville STOUT J. M. Supt. Diamond Grove Cemetery, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Indi- ana, Oct. 8, 1831, removing west at an ear- ly age and settling in Morgan Co , 1868 ; married Nov. 18, 1849, to Mary E., daugh- ter of Nelson and Elizabeth McNeal, of Perrysville, Ind., born June 24, 1831. This union has been blessed by six children. Mr. Stout has held his present position, as Supt. of Diamond Grove Cemetery, nearly seven years, previous to which his studies were devoted to the ministry, having been a member of the Upper W abash Confer- ence of United Brethren many years ; he is now a member of the Congregational Church, Jacksonville. Mr. Stout traces his ancestry back two years prior to the land- ing of the Pilgrims on Plymouth Rock, his forefathers ever proving loyal to the Fed- eral cause, many of them having borne arms throug 1 ' the revolutionary and subse- quent wars, defending their homes and principles with their lives STOUT J. V. 1>. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville. Thom- as Stout, born in Huntingdon Co., N. J., 1734, was a major in the Continental army; his son, Peter Stout was born in Somerset Co., N. J., 1782, and was the father of the subject of this sketch, who was born in Somerset Co., N. J., April 2, 1816 ; his mother was Maria Van Doren, born 1794, daughter of Jacob Van Doren, born 1724, of Somerset Co., N. J.; and was the oldest F2 of a family of seventeen children. Mr. Stout came to Jacksonville, Oct. 8, 1838, and has lived here since that time, except for a brief period, returning here in 1845. Married Oct. 8, 1840, to Helen, daughter of Abraham and Eliza Voorhees, of New Jersey, born Nov. 17, 1817. This union has been blessed by three sons, viz.: Abra- hanu born Nov. 29, 1841, lives in Iowa; Peter D., born Nov. 29, 1843, of Morgan Co.; and J. V. D., jr., born Dec. 25, 1848, of Jacksonville. Mr. Stout carried on the business of builder and contractor, and was the leading mechanic in his line at that time; he erected the first part of the State Insane Asylum, and many other buildings of prominence. Mr. Stout has devoted his latter years to agricultural pursuits; home- stead consists of 129 acres of highly im- proved land, delightfully located on Spring- field Road, about four miles east of Jack- sonville Stout P.' D. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Jackson- ville n^AYLOR J. C. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 36. P.O Jacksonville, son of John and Nancy Taylor, whose maiden name was Conahan. The head of the fam- ily was a man in good circumstances in Penn, Ohio, where young Taylor grew to mature years ; when old enough, attended a subscription school ; his preliminary ed- ucation was derived from the common spelling book, and completed in the New Testament ; at twenty-five he married Miss Isabel Gilleland. For thirty years Mr. Taylor resided in Ohio ; in 1863, he moved to Morgan Co., where he bought 320 acres of land, some four miles southeast of Jack- sonville. Mr. Taylor owns a fine property, and his enterprise and liberality are well known Thiese Wm. r. nter, Sec. 31, P.O.Jackson- ville Tinsley Walter, farm hand, Sec. 5, P.O.Jack- sonville Tunnell S. S. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jackson- ville WERRY L. W. MBS. Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville, widow of the late W. C. Verry, who first settled in this county 1822, and entered the land where the subject of 702 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. t^this sketch still resides, when it was first offered in market by the government ; he was one of the first settlers in this neigh- borhood, and prominently identified, with its growth and improvements ; he died March 10, 1877, at the advanced age of 82 years. Mrs. Verry was the daughter of Silas Massey, also one of the earliest settlers, having removed west in 1819, from his na- tive State, New Hampshire, where he was born April i, 1786. Mrs. Verry was born in Vermont, Sept. 24, 1809 ; was thus only ten years of age when coming to this State. Was married 1828, to Stephen Holmes, and lived three years in Jo Daviess Co., re- moving to Jacksonville 1831, where Mr. Holmes died, April 17, 1833, leaving three daughters. Mrs. Holmes became the wife of W. C. Verry, Jan. 21, 1837 ; there were three children by this marriage, one only of whom survives, viz.: Augusta, now Mrs. Milton Seibert. Mrs. V. still resides at the old homestead, and recalls with vivid rec- ollections the many incidents o their early settlement ; she is a lady of raie colloquial powers and refined tastes, and is a sister of H. H. and S. S. Massey, of " Mound Ridge " VX/'ARD JAMES H. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville WILKINSON B. M. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Morgan Co., in 1846 ; married in 1864, to Miss Louise Gibbons, born in this county. Have four children : Mary F., William, Ardena, and Anna WILLSON NANCY MKS. farmer, Sec. 6, wife of S. M. Wilson (deceased), born in Kentucky, 1834 ; married in 1856; Mr. Willson was born in Maryland, 1826; settled in Morgan Co. in 1851. Have two children : Sarah Ann, and Lewis N.; owns 40 acres, valued at $2,500 Wilson Henry, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Wilson John, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jackson- ville Wood J., farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville Wood Richard S. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville Woods S. A. renter, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. A LLINSON ADAM, farmer and stock *~ raiser, Sec. 32, P.O. Lynnville. Son of Adam Allinson, of Yorkshire, England ; born Sept. 12, 1801 ; came to this county at the age of 20 years, with his father; re- maining in Indiana one year, during which time his father died after a short illness, then removed .to this place, which subse- quently became Morgan County. Married 1829 to Miss Mary Norwood, of Yorkshire, Eng.; born 1809; by this union there has been six children, four of whom are living, viz.: Sarah, born Dec. 29, 1830, now Mrs. Hills, of Morgan Co.; Mary, born Sept. 23, 1832, now Mrs. Bramham, of Morgan Co.; Adam, June 20, 1834, of Morgan Co. Mr. Allinson may be rated as one of the oldest living settlers, having owned considerable lands prior to the county's organization, and lived here ever since; the homestead comprises about 640 acres of highly im- proved and beautifully located land, and he owns various other lands in Morgan Co., amounting in all to near 1,000 acres AlvesJ. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville Anderson Charles, lab. Sec. 19, P.O. Jackson- ville "D AILEY J. R. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Jacksonville, the founder of the Jack- sonville Sentinel, and its editor and pub- lisher from January, 1855, to January, 1872 seventeen years is a native of Bucks County, Pennsylvania. He is of Protestant Irish descent ; his ancestors emigrated from the north of Ireland during an early period in the first settlement of the colony of Pennsylvania. They bought a tract of land on the banks of the Dela- ware river, some thirty miles above Phila- delphia, of the London Land Company, on which they settled, and on part of which some of their descendents yet reside. Here the subject of this sketch was born. In 1824, his father sold his farm and removed with his family to the city of Philadelphia. At the age of fourteen years he found it necessary to quit school and engage in the active business of life. He first served two years at the printing business in a small German and English office. At this time buckskin balls were in use for inking the type, and he remembers working at one time on the old wooden press used by Benjamin Frapklin during his publishing career in Philadelphia, since on exhibition at the Patent Office at Washington. It came about in this way: The Franklin press had fallen into the hands of Mr. Ramage, the veteran Philadelphia press maker, who had it stored away. The Ramage press in the office needed repairing, and while this was being done, the old wooden Franklin press was loaned to the office as a substi- tute. The frame was like that of an ordi- nary country loom; the bed of stone and the platen a block of wood, just half the size of the bed, requiring two impressions to a full form. Tiring of the printing office, young Bailey, at the age of sixteen years, commenced to learn the carpenter trade, and, in company with his brother, Judge J. S. Bailey, of Macomb, 111., he worked at that business two more years. Desiring, however, a vocation giving him more out-door exercise, and seeing an op- portunity to better his condition by remov- ing farther west, Mr. Bailey made up his mind to such a move. After his marriage to Miss Ann Henderson, a young lady from New Jersey, removed to Iowa, and com- menced the work of building up a home on his claim, the land not yet being in market. At that day the country was very new, the entire territory being in possession of the Indians, with the exception of a narrow strip along the Mississippi river, known as the Black Hawk Purchase. All supplies had to come from the east side of the Mis- sissippi, and the first settlers underwent many hardships, Mr. Bailey having to shoulder his full share of the exposure and toil of a frontier life. Not yet twenty- |three years old, and unaccustomed to the 704 MORGAN COUNTY DTRECTOTIY. use of the pioneer's ax and maul, he found making rails and building log cabins heavy work ; but he persevered until his farm was fenced and broke and the land paid for. During the first year of his settlement, Mr. Bailey began to take an active part in politics ; was elected a justice of the peace, and in 1844 he received the Democratic nomination for representative in the terri- torial legislature. In the meantime the In- dian title to the lands west to the Missouri river had been extinguished by purchase, and a number of new counties had been laid out and settled. Wapello, the new county west of Jefferson, became attached for legislative purposes, the district thus formed to be represented by one member of the council and one representative. The Democrats of Wapello claimed the repre- sentative, and Mr. Bailey voluntarily re- tired from the canvass to give place. During the next two years a State constitu- tion was formed, and Iowa became a State, In the Fall of 1846, Mr. Bailey was nomi- nated by the Democrats of Jefferson County again a district by itself for representa- tive to the first State legislature. He was elected, and thus participated in setting the wheels of the new State government in motion, serving during the sessions of i847-'48. Both those sessions were char- acterized by stormy excitement over the election of the first United States senators, and the legislature failed to elect until the session of 1849. During this period he be- ^an to exercise his talents as a writer, con- tributing articles of a political character to the local press, and hence his attention be- came directed to the publishing business. In 1852, Mr. Bailey sold his farm and re- moved to Mt. Sterling, Brown Co., 111. Here he commenced his career as editor and publisher, by investing in a newspaper office that had been established by John Bigler, who went to California in 1849, ar >d afterward became governor of that State. The paper was called the Prairie Pioneer, but the name was afterward changed to Chronotype. While publishing this sheet, Mr. Bailey was appointed postmaster at Mt. Sterling under Mr. Pierce's administra- tion, and held the office three years, resign- ing when he removed to Jacksonville in the Winter of 1855. Since that time the his- tory of J. R. Bailey has been intimately blended with the history of Morgan Coun- ty, there having been few matters of public interest in which, as a journalist, he has not taken an active part. He was an active member of the Illinois Press Association ; was one of the committee that drafted its constitution, and was twice elected treas- urer of the association. During 1854 he suffered domestic misfortune in the loss of his wife and two of his children. During the Fall of 1861 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Williams, a lady of some local literary reputation. About this time, the long agitation of the slavery question culminated in the southern rebellion, and during the continuance of that war, Mr. Bailey was of the class of Democratic edi- tors who advocated a vigorous prosecution of the war for the purpose of crushing out the rebellion, and in this he was sus- tained by the leading men of his party in the county. As before stated, Mr. Bailey established the Jacksonville Sentinel in 1855, and published it as editor and pro- prietor for seventeen years embracing a period of long continued high political ex- citement and full of historical incidents. Such long continued active labors began to impair his health, and in 1872 his eyesight so far failed that he was unable to read or write, even with the aid of the strongest glasses. Having no sons of an age to assist him, he disposed of the Sentinel establish- ment to other parties, and has since resided on his farm near Jacksonville, living a re- tired and quiet life Baptista Jos. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jackson- ville BATEMA1S" SAMUEL., farmer. Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville. The subject of this sketch was born in Yorkshire, Eng., 1804, and came to this country in 1829 and set- tled in this county, where he has resided ever since. Married in England, Feb, 22, 1829, to Sarah Lee, of Yorkshire, born April, 1797, who shared with her husband the perils of a sea voyage and the many hardships incident to the emigrant's life. This lady died Sept. 10, 1877. Their fam- ily has consisted of six children, three of whom, however, only survive : William, born June 27, 1831; Ann Elizabeth, Dec. 3, 1832, now Mrs. S. Saunderson, of Mor- TOWS 15 KO&TH BANGE 11 WEST. . 705 gan Co.; Thomas, Dec. 4, 1833. Mr. Bate- man arrived here the fall prior to the " deep snow," many incidents of which he relates; he has devoted his long life of in- dustry strictly 10 agricultural pursuits Bateman Thomas, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Jack- sonville Bevers George, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jackson- ville Blackburn Geo. D. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O.Jack- sonville Blodgett W. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Jackson- ville BOBBITT JOHN G. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 7, P.O. Chapin. The subject of this sketch was born in Missouri, Nov. 6, 1824, and removed to this county with his parents at the early age of five years, thus having grown up as it were with the county, and one whose interests are closely identified with its growth and im- provements. Married Dec. 14, 1848, to Martha J., daughter of Henry and Martha Newton, of McLean Co., 111., born Oct. 21, 1827. This union has been blessed by three children : Lewis M., born Jan. 27, 1850; Mary L., born Aug. 3, 1852, now Mrs. Holliday, of Morgan Co.; Hattie E., born Jan. 15, 1864. Mr. Bobbin's descrip- tion of his hunting excursions and the many events incident to the early settler's life is highly amusing. In the fall pre- vious to the '' deep snow " his father erect- ed a grist mill on Big Branch, now known as Willow Branch, which proved of im- mense service to the neighbors. Mr. B. had brought the burr stones from Missouri ; the noticeable features of the mill were, it was only three weeks in course of erection, the running wheel and burr stones turned on the same shaft, and during the winter a young deer was caught in the mill, on which occasion Mr. B. facetiously remarked that his mill supplied his family table with meat as well as flour and meal. Mr. Bobbitt has devoted his industries chiefly to agricultur- al pursuits; the homestead consists of 300 acres beautifully located, showing the able management of its owner on every hand Bobbitt Elzerah, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Chapin Bobbitt L. M. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Chapin BODDY MICHAEL, farmer and hor- ticulturist, Sec. 18, P.O. Chapin; born in Yorkshire, England, Feb. 20, 1829, and came to this country and Morgan County, in 1851; returned to England, 1854, antici- pating engaging in the Crimean War, but the war soon closing, engaged in mercantile pursuits, and remained about four yea s, again returning to this country, and settled in Morgan County; was married Dec. 31, 1854, ta Ann, daughter of John and Mary Harrison, of Thornton, Yorks, England; born Jan. 22, 1834; this union has been blessed by nine children, viz.: Mary Jane, born Nov. II, 1856, died in early infancy; Robert, May 29, 1858, died Sept. 14, 1859; Mary, Oct. n, 1863, died Sept. n, 1864; Annie, May 24, 1865; Sarah H., March 23, 1868, and John R., Nov. 20, 1870; Mr. Boddy has occupied his present farm about eleven years; it was then in timber, but is now ina^igh state of cultivation, wrought by the industry and able management of its owner; he gives special attention to horticulture and vine growing, having several thousand of Concord and other choice varieties.from which he manufactures a very superior wine; he has also an orchard of considerable extent; Mr. Boddy was correspondent for the Jacksonville Sentinel, from Chapin, for several years, and has written many valuable contributions for the press, in prose and poetry Bond Thomas, renter, P.O. Lynnville Boyle John, laborer, Sec. 19, P.O. Lynnville Branham George, renter, Sec. 2, P.O. Jack- sonville Bridgman Henry, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Jack- sonville Bridgman Martin, farmer. Sec. 2, P.O.Jack- sonville BUCK THOMAS, farmer. Sec. 9, P.O. Jacksonville; born March 14, 1846, in Greene County; removed to this county 1874; married March, 1865, to Matilda Jane, daughter of James and Betsy Young, of Greene County; four children were born of this union: first one died in early in- fancy; Charles L., born Jan. 14, 1867; William Jasper, Feb. n, 1871, and Julia May, Nov., 1873, died Dec. 18, 1876; Mrs. Buck died March 15, 1876; Mr. B. married again, Feb. 13, 1877, to Elizabeth Brayes, widow of William Brayes; was born March 10, 1846, and has one daughter, Annie, born June 23, 1872; the result of the present union is two children (twins), born Feb. 13, 706 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. 1878; Mrs. Buck's grandmother, Mrs. Milly Holliday, is one of the oldest living settlers in this neighborhood, having come here in 1823; she relates many interesting incidents of the early settlement /^ALDWELL D. A. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. ^^ Jacksonville Caldwell R. L. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jackson- ville Campbell Clinton S. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville Campbell James H. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Lynnville Campbell S. F. farmer, Sec. 31. P.O. Lynn- ville Clarey John, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Jacksonville COLLINS JEREMIAH* farmer.Sec. 8, P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Ireland, May I, 1831, and came to this country at the age of fourteen years, landing in New York, where he remained until 1852, when he removed to Sangamon County, and has lived there and in Morgan County ever since; was married June 1 8, 1858, to Mary, daughter of Thomas and Mary Collins, born in Ireland, 1833, who died Sept. 12, 1864; two children were the fruits of this union: Mary Ellen, born May I, 1859, and John, Nov. 8, 1862; Mr. Collins was married again, Feb. 16, 1865, to Hanora, daughter of Ben and Johanna Stokes, born in Ire- land, May, 1842; this union has been blessed by eleven children: Johanna, born Dec. 3, 1865; Margaret, Feb. 16, 1867; Jeremiah, April 21, 1868; Catherine, Oct. 2, 1869; Benjamin, Jan. 21, 1871; Bernard and William (twins), July 6, 1873; Teddie, May II, 1874; David and Dennis (twins), July 18, 1875; Mark, Aug. 18, 1877; the homestead consists of 40 acres Cox Lafayette, laborer, Sec. 5, P.O. Jack- ' sonville COWDIN" J. F. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Jacksonville; married April n, 1867, to Miss Fannie Blodgett; has two children: Willard Truman, and Georgie Belle; these are the facts in the case, and he has no de- sire to spread on a biography Cridland Joseph, farmer, Sec. lo, P.O. Jack- sonville p\ANIELS GEORGE, farmer, Sec. 5, *-* P.O. Jacksonville Daniels Samuel, sr., farmer, Sec. 5, P.O.Jack- sonville Dayton John, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jackson- ville Deaton Thomas, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Jack- sonville DENBY THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 21, P.O. Jacksonville; only son of Thomas Denby, of Yorkshire, England; born July 17, 1823, and came to this coun- try with his parents at the age of nine years, landing in New York, and came di- rectly to Morgan County, where he has resided ever since, thus growing up as it were with the county, and one whose interests are closely identified with its growth and improvements; was first mar- ried, Jan. 4, 1845, to Martha Sparks, of Glasgow, Scotland; by this union one child was born; George Thomas, March 5, 1846; Mrs. Denby died in childbirth; the son died Jan. 4, 1848; Mr. Denby married again Dec. 17, 1846, to Mary Jane, daughter of Alexander and Mary Wells, of Scott County; born Sept. 16, 1822; this union has been blessed by five children, four of whom are living: William Alexander, born Sept. 19, 1847, died April 16, 1850; Mary E., born Feb. 27, 1849, now Mrs. George B. Ransom, of Morgan County; Sarah E., born Feb. 9, 1852, now Mrs. George W. Killam, of Morgan County; Hannah M., born Oct. 8, 1856, living with her parents; Ann Ella, born April 24, 1860, also living with her parents; the homestead consists of 200 acres of beautifully located and highly improved land Dewey C. M. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Jackson- ville DeLapp John M. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville TRADES W. O. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Jack- '^ - * sonville EDSON MILO L. and A. F. renters, Sec. 12, P.O. Jacksonville, sons of Ely Edson, of Stowe, Lemoyle County, Vermont, a native of Vermont, born Dec. 10, 1812, and has resided in that State all his life; was married in 1836, to Celestia Luce, of Vermont, six children being the fruits of this union, viz.: Susan, Weltha, Walter, Mark, who died in Morgan County, 111., May 4, 1876, Caroline, died Aug., 1853, TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 707 and Alvaro; Mrs. Edson died 1851; Mr. Edson married again, Aug. 12, 1853, to Mary Pain, of Lemoyle County, Vermont; this union has been blessed by three sons, viz.: Milo L., born Sept. 15, 1854; A. F. and A. D. (twins), born Nov. 20, 1856; Mr. Edson has devoted his industries solely to agricultural pursuits during his whole life; homestead consists of 175 acres; Milo L. and A. F. Edson are now residents of this county, where they in company rent a farm, on the Meredosia road EDSON WALTER A. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 13, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Vermont Feb. 13, 1843; son of Ely and Selectra Edson, of Vermont; came to Morgan County in 1871, and has resided here since that time; married Nov.i4, 1873, to Lizzie, daughter of William and Jane Needham, of this county,|formerly of Eng- land; born in this county June 25, 1852; this union has been blessed by one child: Allie C., born Nov. 28, 1874; rents 120 acres of land, and makes a specialty of the breeding of fine hogs of the Poland-China variety, of which he raises a large number, and has been quite successful Eyre Benjamin E. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Lynnville EYRE JOHN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Lynnville; the subject of this sketch was born in Yorkshire, England, March 14, 1803, and came to this country in 1843, landing in New York, and settled in this county the same year; thus may be considered an old settler of the county, and one whose interests are closely identified with its growth and improvements; married in Sheffield, Yorks, England, Feb. 15, 1835, to Ann Elliott, of Sheffield, who shared with her husband the perils and discomforts of a sea voyage, and the hard- ships incident to making a home in this new country, and died Aug. 23, 1875, aged 68 years; this union was blessed by four children, two of whom only survive: Alfred, born Dec. 13, 1836, died Sept. 30, 1839; Mary Ann, Nov. 4, 1840, now Mrs. C. S. _Campbell, of Morgan County; Elizabeth, May 3, 1843, died July 8 of the same year, one day after arrival at New York; Benja- min E., July 3, 1844, now living in Morgan County; the homestead consists of 340 acres, beautifully located and highly im- proved, wrought by the able management and industry of its owner, from the wild timber and brush land; owns considerable other land in this and Scott counties T7REDLANDER LOUIS, supt. County Poor House, Sec. I, P.O. Jacksonville /^ILLAM JAMES, laborer, Sec. 4, P.O. ^~^ Jacksonville . GRAVES ST. D WIGHT, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Jacksonville; the subject of this sketch was born in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 10. 1825, and re- moved with his parents to Morgan County, in 1831; he may thus be considered one of its early settlers; was married Oct. 5, 1848, to Ruth, daughter of Thomas and Mary O'Neill, of Morgan County; born Dec. 14, 1827; this union has been blessed by three sons: Thomas O'Neill, born Feb. II, 1850; William S., Sept. 28, 1853, and Charles H., Sept. 25, 1856; Mr. Graves' life has been one of industry in the advancement of agricultural pursuits; his homestead con- sists of 480 acres of highly improved land, showing on every hand the able manage- ment of its owner Greatton Jefferson H. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville Grogan John, tobacconist, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Grossman Edward, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Jacksonville IT ALL GEORGE H. farmer, Sec. 21, L P.O. Jacksonville Hall John, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Jacksonville HAJLL, RICHARD, farmer and stock raiser. Sec. II, P.O. Jacksonville; the sub- ject of this sketch was born in Yorkshire, England, May ir, 1803, and came to this country in 1831, landing at Baltimore on April 23; from thence to Wheeling, Va., where he remained nearly one year, when he removed to Illinois, and settled at the spot where he still resides; he may thus be rated as one of the oldest settlers in this neighborhood, and closely identified with its growth and improvements; was married before leaving the old country, Dec. 1831, to Sarah, daughter of William and Bessie Hall, of Yorkshire, England, born 1801, who shared the hardships of the emigrant's life many years, and is still living; the fruits 708 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. of this union were four children, none of whom, however, survive: Jane, born Oct., 1832, nas li ve<: here since. When Mr. Williams first cam r here the county was wild and unbroken, and he often hunted up cattle on horse- back. He helped break up prairie soil with hoises, on the present site of the vil lage of Chapin. On the first passenger train of the T..W.&W., Mr. Williams was a passenger. Himself and wife are mem- bers of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, situated just a quarter section north of his residence. The congregation is composed of the well-to-do farmers in Mr. Williams' neighborhood. He now holds the office of trustee of the church. His father, Joseph, was born in Bridport, Vermont ; he was about eighty years old in 1877, and is now living in Fulton, Whiteside Co., 111. His mother was Han- nah Johnson before marriage, born in Bridport, Vermont ; is a few months older than her husband. A few years ago she was sick, not expecting recovery, the entire family met at her bedside ; this, the meet- ing of all the family in one place, had not occurred for over forty years ; she recov- ered, and is still living, Mrs. A. Williams' father is Joshua Bean, born in Readfield, Kennebeck Co., Maine, about 1794, now living at Chelsea, Mass., fifteen minutes' ride from Boston, going north. His wife was Abigail Pierce, born in Westbrook, Maine, died Aug. 31, 1876; was about eighty-four years old at her death. The children of this family, now living, are : Angeline, born Sept., 1818, married Samuel Higgins, now living in Wellfleet, Mass.; Esther A. P., wife of A. Williams, subject of this sketch ; Joseph P., born Sept., 1830, married Ellen P. Pratt ; Albina L., born about Dec., 1834. Mr. Alfred Williams' father's family consisted of the following children, now living : Maria, born, Aug. 25, 1819, married Milo '.Jones, living at Fulton, 111.; Sanford, born Jan. 2, 1824, married Laura Marshall, living at Kewa- nee, Henry Co., 111.; Marion, married Reuben Myers, now living in Morrison, Whiteside Co., 111.; Amasa, married, living in Michigan; Linas, married Elzina Wil- liams, living in Whiteside Co., 111., Union- ville township ; and Alfred, subject of this sketch WILLIAMS JOSEPH B. farmer. Sec. I, P.O. Chapin Williams Rebecca, wid. Sylvester, Chapin WILLIAMS TJEL, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Chapin, born in Addi- son Co., Bridport, Vermont, April 12, 1808; married Dec. 15, 1831, to Elizabeth M. Lee, born in same place, May n, 1813. Have three children living : Elzina, born March 30, 1833, married L. Williams, liy- ing in Whiteside Co., 111., near Morrison ; Harriet J., born May 7, 1843, married Wil- liam Markham, and have three children living ; Effie, aged eight ; Thomas, aged five; Emma, aged three. Charles C., born Nov. 5, 1849 ; Mary E., deceased, was wife of Oliver Hat field, leaving three children: Walter R., Cora G., Minnie, they are living in Pike Co., 111. Mr. Williams came to this county by wagon, together with six others, all the way from Vermont, being six weeks on the road, landing at Jacksonville, Sept. 26, 1834, where he remained a few months. Lived in present village of Lynnville seven years, then moved to this farm, and has lived here ever since ; has been a farmer his entire life. He remembers when the T..W.&W. R.R. was first built ; this was when he moved on his farm. He owns no acres, value about $75 an acre ; owns twenty acres in Missouri, value about $15 an acre. In politics he has always been Republi- can Woodruff David M. baggage master T..W.& W.R.R., P.O. Chapin Wroe Nancy, wid. George, Chapin Wroe Dolph, agt. Chapin Vf ORK JOHN E. merchant, Bethel TOWN 15 NORTH RANGE 12 WEST. 723 BUSINESS CARDS. KIMBALL HOTEL, Marcus Kim- ball, prop. Chapin, 111., situated between T..W.&W. and the R.& St. L. div.of C..B- & Q.R.R. Rates $1.00 a day. Opened for the purpose of accommodating the trav- eling public stopping over to make connec- tions. Stop at this house and you will be satisfied THOMPSON A. J. farmer and stock raiser, and coal miner, prop of coal bank on Sec. 33, township 16 N., R. 12 West TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. A DKINS SOLOMON, farmer, Sec. 6, O- P.O. Ashland Adkins William S. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Ash- land. ID AGON JOSEPH, farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Prentice Bailey John, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Ball James P. farmer. Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice Bennett C. J. farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Pren- tice Bennett R. E. farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Pren- tice Bennett William J. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Pren- tice Berry M. S. farmer, Prentice Bleuler Charles, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Pren- tice Bleuler Ernest A. student 111. college, Sec. 17, P.O. Prentice Boston John, blacksmith, Prentice Breaker August, farm hand, section 19, P.O. Prentice Breeding Alfred, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Pren- tice Brooks George, farm hand, Sec. 9, P.O. Pren- tice /-^ARRINGTON W. M. farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 32, P.O. Alexander ; was born in this county in 1846, and was married to Alice Tincher, in Oct. 1869 ; she was born in Sangamon County in 1850; have three children living, Claud M., Clin- ton F., and John M. Clark Erastus, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice Costin William H. farmer, Prentice Creed Eli N. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Creed James M. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Creed Samuel D. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Creed W. W. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Prentice Creed William H. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Pren- tice Creed Wintson, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice TT\ANIEL CHARLES T. grocer, Pren- tice Daniel Summers, postmaster and wagon- maker, Prentice DAVIDSON W. F. teacher, Sec. 18, P.O. Prentice ; was born in Alabama in 1832 ; came to this county when an infant ; his parents then moved to Macoupin Co., where they remained until he was sixteen years old, when they returned to this coun- ty, where he has lived since ; married Mary Seymour, Aug. 22, 1859 ! sne was born in this county in 1838 ; have two children living, Hattie L., Alice G.; and Marcus M., who died May 8, 1871 ; has been township treasurer Dewees James P. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Alex- ander Douglas Nelson, laborer, Prentice Dudleyson James, farm hand, Sec. 18, P.O. Prentice T7 LMORE J. J. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Pren- E ' tice "CHARMER SAMUEL, farm laborer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Flinn Edmond M. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Flinn Elizabeth widow, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Flinn Francis M. engineer, Prentice Flinn Franklin M. stock dealer. Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice FLINN H. W. farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 29, P.O. Prentice ; was born in this precinct in 1837, and has always lived here ; married Elizabeth Stout in 1866 ; she was born in this county in 1845 ; have two children living ; his father, Z. W. Flinn, was the pioneer of this precinct ; he was born in North Carolina, and came to Ken- tucky, and then to this county in 1818, where he died Dec. i, 1868 ; owns 400 acres valued at $20,000, and is one of the largest stock dealers in this county. (~*RAFF WASH, farmer, grain and ^* stock dealer, Sec. 9, P.O. Prentice ; was born in Kentucky, Feb. 22, 1826 ; came to this county in 1834 ; went to California in 1849 ; returned to this county in eighteen months, and has lived here since ; married Alma Rinda F. Flinn, June 18, 1851 ; she TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 8 WEST. 725 was born in this county March 29, 1833, and died Nov. 8, 1864, leaving six children ; married Elizabeth F. Owen, March 29, 1865 ; she was born in this county ; have two children ; owns over 1,500 acres valued at $75,000 ; holds the office of justice of the peace Graff William, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Prentice TT ALL PATERSON, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Hogan John, R.R. laborer, Prentice Holmes Perry, lab. Sec. 7, P.O. Prentice Hudspath Ralph, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Pren- tice Hudspath Sarah widow, Sec. 5, P.O. Prentice Hudspath William G. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Prentice TT'ENNEDY WILLIAM, farm hand, Sec. " 29, P.O. Prentice Kirby Alice Mrs. dressmaker, Prentice Kite William, carpenter and painter, Prentice ALONE JACOB B. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice MANCHESTER DAVID, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice. Was born in War- ren Co., N. Y., in 1798, where, until he was about 17 years old, worked at the lum- ber business, marketing his lumber in Quebec. He went to Fort Duquoin, in Pennsylvania, where he bought a skiff and rowed to Shawneetown ; went on foot to Miner Burton, below St. Louis, where he worked in a lead mine two years. Went on foot to St. Louis, where he worke I in a livery stable four months for five dollars a month, when he came on foot to this coun- ty, and settled in this precinct with less than a d liar in his pocket. Times were very hard; he split 500 rails for a pair of shoes; the leather was tanned in a trough by Kasbier, and the hair not half removed. Raised cotton, which he took to Beards- town and traded for cloth to make his clothes. Was fifer in the war of 1812 un- der Gen. Strong and Capt. Spencer; saw the battle of Plattsburg, and was discharged after thirty days' service. Was in the Black Hawk war through the whole cam- paign with Gen. Taylor, Jeff Davis, and Lincoln, and member of Col. Ewing's spy battallion, Capt. Lindsley, and under the immediate command of Gen. Atkinson, and mustered out of service by Major Anderson of Ft. Sumter fame. Started for Mexico as chief musician under Gen. Hardin ; was taken sick at Alton, and sent back to Jack- sonville, where he was discharged. Made and burned a kiln of brick in 1835. Mar- ried Ethie Linda Cox in 1825; she was born in Henry Co., Va., in 1803; have four children living : Thomas J. Louisa, Van Renselaer and Jerome; lost five : Nancy, Ellen, Elizabeth Jane, David, and Jo- sephine Manchester Van Renselaer, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Prentice Mann William H. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Pren- tice Massey Annie A. Mrs. seamstress, Prentice Massey Charles E. farmer, Prentice McGill A. Mrs. widow, Prentice Mclntire B. W. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Pren- tice Mclntire Malinda Mrs. widow, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice Miller Jacob N. carpenter, Prentice Minter Martin, laborer, Prentice Minter Uriah, laborer, Prentice Moore C. L., tel. opr. and station agt., Pren- tice Mow Fredrick, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Prentice XTEVINS MARTIN L. teacher, Sec. 7. IN P.O. Prentice /^VBRIEN JOHN, R.R. lab., Prentice ^-^ Ong J. L. miller, Prentice OWEN W. C. farmer and stock dealer, Sec. 4, P.O. Prentice. Was born in Haw- kins Co., Tenn., in 1819; came to Indiana in 1830; to McDonough Co., 111., in 1836, and to this county in 1842. Wife was Mary Jane FliVm; she was born in this county, Jan. I, 1824; she was the second child born in this township, and was mar- ried in 1840; have seven children living : Elizabeth F., James, Josiah W., Damaris E., Almrinda F., Ann E., and Mary E., and one dead Joseph. W. C. owns 3.475 acres, valued at $172,720. When he came here in 1842, he went in debt for the first 80 acres, and he may now be classed as one of the best and most successful farmers in this and Sangamon Counties, the result of his own industry PEARSON FRANCIS Mrs. widow, Sec. * 7, P.O. Prentice 726 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. D OBINSON GEORGE W. farmer, Sec. *^- 19, P.O. Prentice Reed James, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Prentice Robinson Harrison, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice Robinson Joel, retired farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice Robinson William, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice CIMS LEWIS J. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Prentice Smith John C. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice Smith Samuel, engineer at grist mill, Pren- tice Stublefield Calvin, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Alex- ander Stublefield Joseph, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O.Alex- ander Swain Joseph B. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Pren- tice Swain Thomas, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice 'Y' * HOMPSON GEORGE W. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice Thompson William M. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice WAN NOY CAMILUS R. farmer, Pren- * tice VIRGIN JOITN", farmer and judge of the county court, Sec. 20. Was born in Greenup Co., Ky., Sept. 16, 1830. Was raised in Ohio; came to Menard Co., 111., with his father, John H. Virgin, in the Fall of 1851, and in the Spring of 1859 settled i n Morgan County. Was married Oct. 16, 1856, to Miss Mary E. Gibbs; they have six children, namely : Charles F., Hattie E., Clara M., Annie, Ella, and John \WELCH EDWARD, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. ** Prentice Whightman Martha, widow, Prentice Wilkes John, lab., Sec. 7, P.O. Prentice Wright Abram W. teacher, Prentice EDWIN A. tel. opr., Prentice GEORGE W. farmer, Prentice BUSINESS CARD. GRAFF WASH., justice of the peace, Prentice, 111. Legal documents of all kinds carefully drawn and executed. Par- ticular attention given to collections, and returns made on day of payment. TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. A DAMS GEO. W. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Sinclair Adams Joseph, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Sinclair Anderson Charles E. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Armstrong Allen B. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Prentice Armstrong John M. cooper, Jordanville, P_.O. Prentice Armstrong Joshua L. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Liter Armstrong Thomas, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Liter Armstrong William, retired farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Prentice DALDWIN JAMES L. laborer, Yates- ville, P.O. Prentice Baldwin William A. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Beach Samuel, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Liter Bellatta Charles, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville Bellatta Charles A. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Bellatta Edward M. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Bennett Charles, farm hand, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Bennett Elizabeth Mrs. seamstress, Yate?- ville, P.O. Prentice Bennett Isaac, retired farmer, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Bergfield Fred. William, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Sinclair Bess James W. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Bergfield William, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Sinclair Bingman James H. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Sinclair Bingman Samuel, farmer, Sec. 27, Sinclair Bogan James H. farm hand, Sec. 4, P.O. Philadelphia Bogan Patrick, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Brown A. J. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Brown Andrew, farmer, Sees. 2O and 17, P.O. Sinclair Brown Andrew J. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Prentice Brown George, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Brown James R. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Sinclair Brown Jesse, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Jackson- ville Brown Jesse P. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Brown Logan, farmer, Sec. 20. P.O. Jackson. ville Brown T. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Prentice Brown Tyre, farmer, Sees. 17 and 20, P.O. Sinclair Brown Tyre S. farmer, Sees. 17 and 20, P.O. Sinclair Brown William, retired, Sec. II, P.O. Prentice Brown William H. Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Brown William Mrs. widow, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Brunk John T. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Philadel- phia Buchannan Joseph, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Burkam M. E. Mrs. widow, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice S. wagonmaker, Sec 17, P.O. - x Sinclair Cain S. C. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Sinclair Cain William T. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Sinclair Carney Edward, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Carney Francis, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Carney Michael, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Gary Catherine, widow, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Gary James, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Casey E. R. Miss, seamstress, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Cavanaugh Patrick J. farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Prentice Cavender David, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Sinclair Chandler John, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Liter Charles Jackson, farmer, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Clapp W. E. farmer and constable, Jordan- ville, P.O. Prentice 728 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. COFFMAN GEORGE W. farmer, P.O. St. Clair Station; was born in Indiana July 18, 1843; came to Morgan County in the Spring of 1844; was married April 18, 1867, to Miss Russia Rice Coker Dennis, farm hand, Sec. 9, P.O. Sinclair Coker John, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Prentice Collins James, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Pren- tice Collins Patrick, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Pren- tice Colson Francis M. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Colson Margaret, widow, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Colston William, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Comford Patrick, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Cooper William, lab. Yatesville, P.O. Pren- tice Cotton Andrew, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Craven Oscar J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 28, P.O. S'nclair Craven S. H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Sinclair Crum John W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2, P.O. Ashland Crum James A. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Liter Crum Matthias M. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Liter Crum W, W. farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Prentice p\ADISMAN MADISON, farmer, Sec. i, *-' P.O. Prentice Davis Charles, R.R. lab. Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Davis D. W. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Davy Francis, farmer, Sec. 4 P.O. Phila- delphia Dawson N. E. blacksmith, Sec. 13, P.O. Prentice Decker C. M. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Prentice Dinwiddie S. W. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Liter Dudhope Peter, lab. Sec. 8, P.O. Liter T7LDRIDGE ALLEN, farmer, Sec. 21, Jr* P.O. Sinclair Eldridge Thomas, farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Prentice Elgin Melvin, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Sinclair Elmore John C. harnessmaker, Sec. 23, P.O. Prentice Elmore Julius, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Prentice Elmore S. Peter, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Prentice Elsome George, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O.Sinclair Emerick Andrew J. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice EMMERSON RICHARD W. far- mer, Sec. 32, T. 16, R. 9, P.O. Jackson- ville; was bom in this county in 1844; went to Iowa in 1847, where he lived until 1870, when he returned to this county, and settled on the farm where he was born, and now lives; married Addie Swain, in 1872; she was born in this county,' in 1849; have one child: Irvin T. r^AGAN WILLIAM, cigarmaker, Sin- clair Fitzpatrick Edward, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Prentice Flinn Colby C. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Flinn Daniel, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Prentice Flinn Rayl, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Flood Edward, farmer, Sec. IO, P.O. Pren- tice Flood James, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice Fogarty Denis, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Liter Foster James M. laborer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Fox Elisha T. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Sinclair Fox Noah B. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Sinclair Fox Thomas, retired farmer, Sec. 28. P.O. Sinclair Fox Samuel L. farmer. Sec. 28, P.O. Sinclair Fox Thomas H. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O.Sinclair PAULENA MRS. carpet weaver, -* Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Garis Frederick, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Ashland Goodall Jane, widow, Sec. 22, P.O. Sinclair Goodall Thomas N. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Sinclair Govair E. M. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jackson- ville TT ALL JAMES, lab. Sec. I, P.O. Prentice ^* Halligan John, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Hamilton John A. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Hamilton Lewis H. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Hart Francis, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Sinclair Hashey Edward, farm hand, Sec. 35, P.O. Sinclair Helwig Henry, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Henderson William, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Ashland TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 729 Hickman John S. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sin- clair Hoban Thomas, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Hodgson Christopher, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Sinclair Hodgson Isaac R. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Sin- clair Hodgson John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Prentice Hodgson Mark, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Prentice Hodgson Mathew, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Prentice Hodgson William M. carpenter, Sec. 22, P.O. Sinclair Holmes Allen, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Holmes Amos, farmer. Sec. 12, P.O, Prentice Holmes Isaac, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Holmes William, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sin- clair Hopper George, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Sinclair Hopper Hassell, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Sinclair Hopper James P. farmer and blacksmith, Sec. 32, P.O. Sinclair Hopper Philip H. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sin- clair HOPPER THOMAS, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair. The subject of this sketch is a native of England, born Aug. 30, 1808. He was united in mar- riage to Miss Jane Poaet in 1835 ; eleven children : Ann, born April 14, 1836 ; John, April 9, 1837 ; Hassell, Feb. 22, 1840 ; Jane, born Dec. 29, 1838 ; Richard, May 16, 1842; George, Dec. 19. 1843 I Hannah, June 30, 1845; Thomas W., born Nov. 13, 1846; James P., born June 29, 1848; Charles, born June 13, 1850; Phillip H. March 31, 1852. Mr. H., who heads this sketch, was a butcher in England for twenty-one years, coming to this country in 1856, he has since followed farming, and like all English people, is known for habits of industry, and owns ninety acres Hubbs John, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Hubbs Willis A. retired farmer, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Hynes Lydia widow, P.O. Prentice Hyslop J. T. farm hand, Sec. 25, P.O. Prentice TRVIN HENRY, farmer, Sec. n, P O. * Prentice Irvin Ira, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Prentice Irvin Lewis J. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Prentice Irvin Malinda widow, Sec. II, P.O. Prentice Irvin William, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Prentice JORDAN ISAAC L. farmer, Sec. 3. P.O. J Prentice Jumper Samuel, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Sinclair Jordan Sarah widow, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice T AHE THOMAS, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. -^ Liter Lahe Thomas, jr. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Lamkeuler Henry, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Larabee Hart, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Larabee W. Herbert, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Latham Samuel C. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Latham W. J. farmer, Sec. 12. P.O. Prentice Lewis Henry W. farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Lewis James R. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sinclair Lewis John H. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Sinclair Lewis William, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sinclair Lewis William M. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sin- clair Lindsey Elizabeth S. widow, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Lindsey Wickliff, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Lindsey Winfield S. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Lockhart John, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Longworth Francis J. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Prentice Longworth James, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Sin- clair A/TADDOX S..T. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. *** Prentice Maddox Thomas H. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Sinclair Mahon Francis, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Sinclair Mahoney Michael, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Martin James H. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville McCarty Edward, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Liter McCauley Emily, widow, Jordanville, P.O. Prentice McDaniel Silvanus, carpenter, Yatesville, P. O. Prentice McGowan William T. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice Merica William M. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter Miller Hannah, widow, Sec. P.O. Prentice Miller Hugh J. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Miller Virgil C. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Sinclair 730 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. A/TAULTY JAMES, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Newell Thomas, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O, Pren- tice JOHN G. teacher, Sec. n, P. ^ O. Ashland OARROTT C. W. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. -* Prentice Parrott Cyrus W. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sin- clair Parrott Elias S. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sinclair Parrott Jefferson, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sin- clair Parrott John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Sinclair Parrott Samuel W. farmer. Sec. 14, P.O. Sin- clair Parrott Sarah, widow, Sec. 14, P.O. Sinclair PARROTT W. J. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 14, P.O. Prentice ; Mr. Parrott was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, Dec. 6, 1842 ; his father, R. ! . Parrott was born in 1812 ; a native of Kentucky, who there married Miss Sarah Bonham, of whose antecedents little is known ; in 1829 the family set foot in Morgan County, and located a short distance from what is now the village of Yatesville ; for many years the head of the family met every discourage- ment of pioneer life, with that manly for- titude peculiar to a Western people, and when the unbroken prairie gave place to cultivated fields and farms, he went steadily forward to a successful career; W. J. who heads this sketch, grew to manhood in Morgan Co. ; received the usual education, and turned his attention to farming ; March, 31, 1875, he was united in marriage to Miss Jennie A. Martin, of Mason Co. ; by this marriage two children, Martin and Willis ; Mr Parrott owns 40 acres Paul Charles, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Liter Paul George T. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O/ Liter Paul Jerome B. carp. Yatesville, P.O. Pren- tice Paul J. M. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Liter Pierson Jasper, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Prentice Pratt L. C. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice "D AY MARY A. widow, Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Ray Felix G. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Sinclair Reeve F. L. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Sinclair Reeve Henry L. blacksmith and station agt. Sinclair Richardson S. D. lab. Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Riggall William, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sin- clair Riley Samuel J. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Ashland Rogers James farm hand, Sec. I, P.O. Pren- tice Ronan Miles, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Prentice Rose Oliver P, carpenter, Sec. 26, P.O. Sin- clair Rufus Christ, farmer. Sec. 25, P.O. Sinclair Ryman J. G. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice CAGE WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O ^ Prentice Sample Douglas, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Pren- tice Sample William, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Pren- tice Sharp Siliman H, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Shuff Jesse L. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Sinclair SIMS LEWIS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Prentice. The subject of this sketch is the oldest son of W. W. Sims, who was born in Kentucky, in 1810; was one of the first settlers of Morgan Co., and who married in this county in 1833 Miss Mary Hall, the marriage ceremony taking place in a brick dwelling erected by Aquilla Hall in 1820; it was said at that day to be among the most substantial buildings be- tween Morgan Co. and St. Louis ; Lewis, who heads this sketch was born in Morgan Co., July 8, 1836 ; at an early age he em- barked in the stock business, in which he evinced much talent, and placed himself on an equal footing with John T. Alexander, Jacob Strawn, and others ; in 1865 Mr. Lewis was married to Miss Lizzie Welch, a daughter of Hamlin Welch, a resident of Jacksonville ; by this marriage two children, Van W. and Felix G. ; Mr. Sims owns 196 acres, a valuable property. olatten Dangerfield, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Sinclair Smith Charles L. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Pren- tice Smith John, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice Smith John, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Sinclair Smith Joseph, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jackson- ville Smith Joseph W. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 9 WEST. 731 SPAL.DING HORACE A. public teacher in former years, but now a resident of Township 16 Range 9 ; is a native of Vermont, born in 1802. His father, Wright Spalding, a native of Connecticut, moved with his family to New York in 1807, and there followed farming. The subject of this sketch remained on the farm up to his seventeenth year ; liberally educated, he then became a teacher, pursuing this voca- tion until he attained his thirty-fifth year, when he came to Morgan County, and taught school for a number of years in Jacksonville. In 1826, Mr. Spalding mar- ried Miss Elvira M. Ladd, a native of Hav- erall, N. H.; this marriage was blessed with two children : Wm. Wright (not liv- ing), Martha Louisa, married Samuel Jumper, a farmer and resident of this township ; children born of this marriage : Natie L., Edward A., John A., Sarah E., George, Frank, and Alice C., last named not living. Mr. S. has also one adopted daughter, Harriet, who married Morris Laupher, now living in St. Paul, Minn. Stewart William, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Pren- tice Stice James, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Sinclair Slice William, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Sinclair Stockton Jacob, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sinclair Stockton Joseph A. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Sinclair Stockton Keziah, widow, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Stockton Morgan, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Stockton T. B. farm hand, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Stockton T. S. farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Sin- clair Swain George R. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Sin- clair 'y AYLOR ALVIN E. farmer Sec. 33, P.O. Sinclair Taylor Fountain E. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Sinclair Taylor James A. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Sinclair Taylor Sarah Ann, widow, Sec. 31, P.O. Sin- clair Taylor William, farm hand, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Taylor William, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Sinclair Taylor William jr. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Sin- clair THOMPSON GEORGE W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice. The subject of this sketch is the oldest son of William M. and Matilda Thompson. William Thompson was born in Ireland ; in his fourteenth year, he accompanied his parents to America ; from New York, on arrival in the new world, he made his way to Pennsylvania, where he became a farmer; during the year 1838, as near as can be as- certained, he settled in Morgan County on farm property ; some years from this date, he was united in marriage to Matilda Rob- inson, a daughter of Joel Robinson ; of eight children born of this marriage, four are living : Mary Ann, Sarah E., John E., and George W. Mr. Thompson has been a resident of Morgan County since the date mentioned; through industiy he has accu- mulated wealth and position ; the promi- nence occupied in agriculture has in nowise detached from his kindness of heart and sympathetic nature. George W., son of William, a patron of this work, was born in Morgan County, where he received a liberal education ; Jan. 9, 1878, he was united in marriage to Miss Myra Black ; Mrs. Thompson was born near Jackson- ville, Morgan County Tigner J. L. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Tigner W. C. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Prentice Travis David, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Trotter John, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Liter Trotter John M. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Sin- clair Trotter Joseph A. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Sin- clair True Thomas J. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Sin- clair True John P. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Sinclair Turner John W. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Vir- ginia WAUGHAN MOSES F. farmer, Sec. 5, V P.O. Liter VIRGIN JOHN", farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 20, P.O. Prentice. The above- named gentleman was born in Greenup Co., Ky., Sept. 16, 1830. His father, John H. Virgin, was born in 1796, in Fayette Co., Pa.; from boyhood to manhood he fol- lowed agricultural pursuits; in 1818, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Hughes, by whom he had six children : Ely, not living ; Mary, unmarried ; Geo. 732 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. W., Eliza A., Enslow, Maria, who married Lewis Bennett ; Margaret R., who married E. J. Davis; in 1851, John Virgin sr. moved with his family to Menard Co., 111., where he followed farming up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1858 ; his wife survived him six years. John, who heads this page, and whose courtesy and liberality is well known, passed many years of his life in Ohio and Menard Co., 111., and in 1859, came to Morgan County; in 1856, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary F. Gibbs, a daughter of William Gibbs, of Menard County ; by this marriage eight children, six of whom are now living: and whose names are : Charles F., Hattie E., Clara M., Anna, Luella, and John ; Maria L. and Eveline, not living. Inclosing this brief sketch, it will be well here to men- tion Mr. Virgin is one of our wealthy citi- zens and prominent agriculturists, owning 400 acres; in 1873, he was elected county commissioner, and re-elected to serve in 1876 Wagoner Thomas, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville Wakely Thomas, physician, Sinclair Wakins William F. blacksmith, Sec. 28, P.O. Sinclair Walker Alexander, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Sinclair Walker B. H. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lancaster Walker J. E. farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Lancaster Wallace Jane, widow, Sec. 17, P.O. Sinclair Warfield Joshua, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Liter Warfield L. L. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Liter Warters Joseph, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Sin- clair Weekley Osmas, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice Wheeler Sandford, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter White Perry, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O, Sinclair Wilhite William H. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Liter Wilks Joseph, lab. Yatesville, P.O. Prentice Willett Samuel, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Prentice Willett Taylor, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Prentice Williams Edward E. farmer, Sec. 3 P.O. Prentice WILLIAMS J. W. teacher, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice. Was born in Virginia in 1833 Came to Macoupin County in 1835 and to this county in 1867. Has been teaching since he was 18 years old Williams T. R. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Sinclair Williamson John A. farmer, Sec, 7, P.O. Liter Willson George, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Jack- sonville Willson James, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Liter Wiswell A. B. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Wiswell George T. painter, Sec. 3, P.O. Prentice Wiswell W. M. farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Liter Wollner William, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Jack- sonville LEWIS, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Prentice TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 1O WEST. A LLISON JOHN, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. "^^ Jacksonville Allison John M. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Allison Wm. H. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Angell Thomas, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jack- sonville Ausemus Andrew J. farmer, Sec 18, P.O. Arcadia T) AMBROOK JOSEPH, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville Barr Luther, farmer, Sec 16, P.O. Arcadia Barrowclough Joseph, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Bawser David, retired, Sec. 22, P.O. Liter Bawser Eli, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Liter Baxter J. of Baxter & Berry, Liter Baxter & Berry, general store, Liter Beavers George, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Liter Beavers Robert, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Liter Beavers William, retired, Sec. 13, P.O. Liter Bedingfield Henry, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Virginia Berry Charles T. farmer, Sec. 24, P. O. Jack- sonville Berry Columbus J. farmer, Liter Berry J. C. of Baxter & Berry, Liter Berry Henry, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville Berry Richard, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville BERRY WILLIAM M. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville. Was born in Mary- land, July 23, 1796, and settled in Morgan County in 1829. He was married to Jane Sharp in 1829, in Tennessee. She was born in that State in 1815. They have raised six sons and six daughters, all of whom are living. He owns farm of 221 acres six miles northeast of Jacksonville Birdsell Peter D. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Birdsell Thomas R. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jacksonville H 2 Black John M. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville Black John W. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Black Pachy H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville BLACK SAMUEL Sr. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville; was born in Augusta County, Virginia, July 2, 1798; he moved to Kentucky with his parents in 1809; he was then eleven years old; came to Illinois in 1825, and settled in Sangamon County, and in 1828 came to Morgan County; he has lived on the same place ever since; was married Feb. 20, 1822, to Mildred Gaines, who was born in Charlotte County, Virginia, Oct. 4, 1802; they raised ten children, four sons and six daughters, three of whom are dead; Mr. Black is one of the pioneer settlers in Morgan County; he is now in the 8oth year of his age Black Samuel W. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jack- sonville Blackburn Edwin, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Blackburn Joseph, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Blimling John, farmer. Sec. 33, P.O. Jack- sonville Blimling John jr. laborer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jack- sonville Bourn Fownes, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville BOURN JAMES, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Worcestershire, En- gland, March n, 1838; emigrated to Can- ada in 1857, and lived there till 1859, then came to Morgan County; first settled in Jacksonville, and lived there three years; he then purchased the farm where he now lives; was married to Mary Ann Richards, in Jacksonville, Dec. 28, 1861, who was born in London, England, May 10, 1841; she came to America in 1857; their chil- dren are: James H., born Aug. r, 1863, 734 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. \ and died Nov. 27, 1864; George E., born Jan. 27, 1866; Amelia H., Sept. 12, 1873; owns farm of 120 acres; has served four terms as school director, is also clerk of the Board Bourn Thomas, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville Bourn William, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Bourn William, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville Bowen Joseph, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Liter Bridgman Columbus, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Arcadia Bristow Garrett, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Arcadia Butsch August, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville S~* HAT WELL THOMAS, teacher, Ar- ^"' cadia Cline Henry, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Arcadia Cline Henry, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Arcadia Clark Albert C. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Liter Clark Harden, Sec. 21, P.O. Liter Clark Jason, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Arcadia Clark William, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Liter COE ALFRED, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Liter; born near Waverly, Morgan County, April 3, 1844, and has lived in the county all his life; was married, March 10, 1870, to Judy A. Gaines, who was born in Me- nard County, Aug. 28, 1840; they have three children, named Minnie W., born July 9, 1871; Edward A., Feb. 6, 1874; and a son not named, born Oct. 7, 1877; Mr. Coe served three years in Co. G, lOist Regt. 111. Vol. Infantry Colby Martin, brickmaker. Sec. 2, P.O. Liter Coker George, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Liter Coker Sylvester, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Couchman Benjamin F. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Arcadia Cowden Prescott, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Ar- cadia Cox Charles, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jackson- ville Cox Harden, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jackson- ville Cox Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jackson- ville Craig John W. physician, Arcadia Crum John W. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Liter Crum Samuel H. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter Crum William H. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Liter "P)ANIELS V. jr. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville Decker Hiram, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Arcadia Daniels John J. H. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville Dodsworth Richard, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Liter Dinwiddie James, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Arcadia Dinwiddie John T. farmer, Arcadia Dollear Albert, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville Dougherty William, laborer, Arcadia Douglas Henry, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville DOWNTAEST AZAEL, post-master and wagonmaker, Arcadia; born in Mason County, Kentucky, May 19, 1819; first came to Illinois, October, 1837, and settled near Edwardsville, Madison Co.; moved to Missouri, and lived there ten years, and then returned to Kentucky; remained there eight years, when he returned to Missouri for nine years, and came to Morgan Co. Feb. i, 1865; was married to Lucinda C. Shepard, May 25, 1854; she was born in Kentucky, May 20, 1828; they had three children; Willie is the only one living; he was born Feb. 7, 1867 Dunavan Jesse M. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville Dunn Thomas, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville *-* NGLISH FRANK W. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville English Job W. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Ennis Samuel C. farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Liter Ericson John, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Arcadia T^RANCES THOMAS, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Arcadia Friday Herman, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville RAINES RICHARD C. farmer, Sec. 23, ^ P.O. Liter Gaines Richard F. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Liter Gaines William, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Liter TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. Garrett Samuel, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jack- sonville Garrison William, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jack- sonville Gilpin Henry, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Liter Goodpasture Wm. farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Liter Govia Emanuel, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville Govia Cieorge, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O, Jackson- ville Govia John, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jacksonville TTADEN JOSEPH G., farmer, Sec. 34, ^ P.O. Jacksonville Haese F. Gustav, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Hall Alexander, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Hall John S., farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Hall Nelson, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Liter Hammond J. T., farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Liter Harrison John, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jack- sonville HARBISON THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville. Born in Morgan Co., 111., July 23, 1836, he has lived in this county all his life, with the exception of two years he spent in Iowa; was married to Mary Atkinson, Dec. 13, 1864. She was born in Jacksonville, May 6, 1842. Their children are, George W., born Sept. 2, 1865 ; John L., Aug. 9, 1867, and died in June, 1871; Hattie A., born Aug. I, 1874. Owns farm of 85 acres; has served as school director and road supervisor HARRISON WILLIAM H., farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville. Born in Morgan Co., 111., July 31, 1849, nas lived in the county all his life; was married to Drucilla S. Black, Jan. 21, 1874. She was born in Morgan Co., Oct. 27, 1852. Their ch klren are, Arthur M., born Nov. ii, 1874, and died Aug. I, 1875; Edith S., Jan. 17, 1877. Owns farm of 80 acres Hatfield A. Mrs., Sec. 11, P.O. Liter Henderson Jackson, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Henderson Jeremiah, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Arcadia Henderson Josephus, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia Henderson Madison, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia HENDERSON DAVID G., farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia. He was born in Hampshire Co., Va., Aug. 23, 1796; moved to Ohio with his parents, and in 1825 came to Illinois; first settled in Greene Co., and came to Morgan Co. April 2, 1826; he married Mary Henderson (his cousin), April 22, 1822. She was born in Hamp- shire Co., Va., Nov. 27, 1796, and died Sept. 15, 1872. They raised thirteen chil- dren six sons and seven daughters; there are three sons and two daughters living HENDERSON PERRY, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter. He was born in Iowa in 1853, and settled in Morgan Co. in 1861; he was married to Mary F. Sylvester in 1873. She was born in Hancock Co., 111., in 1854. They have one child, named Ellis E.; he was born in 1876 Hickman Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O.- Jacksonville , HICKMAN ISAAC, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jacksonville. Born in Staffordshire, England. Mr. H. is one of the early settlers of Morgan Co., having lived in the the county about forty years. He married Sarah Dunn; she was born in Staffordshire, England, and died June 16, 1877; no children; owns farm of 160 acres Hickman John J., farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville Hickman Samuel, farmer. Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Higold Charles A., grocer and justice of the peace, Arcadia Higold George H., clerk, Arcadia Horton Frederick B., farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville Hudson Andrew, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Liter Hudson Isaac, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Liter Hudson James W., farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter Hurst W. S., farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Arcadia JOHNSON BARBARA MRS., Sec. 8, P.O. Arcadia Johnson James W., farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Arcadia Tones Charles, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Liter Jordan Charles W., farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville Jordan George H., farmer, Sec. 24, P.O.Jack- sonville Jordan Martin, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jackson- ville 736 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. JORDAN WILLIAM S., farmer, Sec'. 31, P.O. Jacksonville. Born in St. Clair Co., 111., May IO, 1803. About the year 1810 he moved with his father, James Jordan, to Pike Co., Mo.; in the Spring of 1822 he settled in Morgan Co., 111.; in 1832 he enlisted in the Black Hawk war; was married to Eliza Hill, Nov. 2, 1830. She was born in Pennsylvania, Jan. 18, 1807, and came to Jacksonville in 1828. Their children are, James, born Nov. 6, 1831; John F., Jan. 22, 1834; Henry B., Dec. 24, 1838, and died March 5, 1863, while in the army, at the hospital at Nashville, Tenn.; William H., born May 20, 1840; Mrs. Sarah J. Blackburn, Aug. 2, 1843; Mrs. Eliza E. Craig, July 6, '1845; George H., Feb. 21, 1847; Charles W., Aug. 12, 1849. Robert and Mary died in infancy. Owns farm of 230 acres. Mr. Jordan is member of M. E. Church. His father, James Jor- dan, served in the Revolutionary war TT'ENNEDY NAT. L., farmer, Sec. 5, -"* P.O. Little Indian T AMBERT JOHN, farmer. Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Lanham Pleasant, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Larson John, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Liter Laurie George, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Laurie John, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jackson- ville Lindsey Joseph, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jack- sonville Lindsey Margaret Mrs., Sec. 15, P.O. Jack- sonville Liter Abraham, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter Liter Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Liter Liter Jesse, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Liter John H., farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Liter Liter Jonas, farmer, Liter LITER JOSEPH, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2, P.O. Liter; born in Bourbon Co.. Ky.. in 1815, and settled in Morgan Co. in 1839; he was married to his cousin, Catherine Liter. She was born in Fayette Co., Ky., in 1830. Two children, Mary E. and John W.; owns farm of 245 acre's LOAR GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 18, P.O. Arcadia TX/TARTIN CHARLES W. farmer, Sec. ^*- 24, P.O. Jacksonville MATTI1VGLY SHELTON J. far- mer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter; he was born in Washington County, Ky., June 22, 1817; in the Fall of 1824, settled in Morgan County, nine miles north of Jack- sonville; Mr. Mattingly has buried three wives, and eight children; he owns a farm of 120 acres McDonald John, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Ar- cadia McFillin James, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter McGee Samuel T. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville McKee George, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Liter McKee Joseph, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Liter McKee Keturah Mrs. Sec. 14, P.O. Liter McMillen Archibald, B. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville Merica Jacob, cabinetmaker, Arcadia MILLS JOHN, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Rochdale, Lancashire, England, Oct. 9, 1837; was married to Anna Pond, in 1860; she was born June 15, 1837, an d died Sept. 21, 1861; he emi- grated to America in 1863, and first settled in Philadelphia; from 1864 to 1867, was engaged in the Quartermaster's Depart- ment, at Nashville, Tenn., and then re- turned to Philadelphia; in 1871, settled in Chicago, and lived there till 1875, when he came to Morgan County; he has been living in this county ever since Mitchell Aaron, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville Moody Thomas H. jr. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville Murphy Franklin, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jacksonville Myers John, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter 1\T EDHAM WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville Neil John F. blacksmith, Arcadia Neil William, farmer, Arcadia Nelthorpe John, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Jack- sonville JOHN" W. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville PATTERSON ALEXANDER, farmer, Arcadia Peters Nathaniel, farmer, Arcadia TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 10 WEST. 737 Peterfish A.W. farmer, Liter Peterfish John R. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Ar- cadia Pherigo George A. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jacksonville Pherigo James, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Jack- sonville Phillips John R. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Porter James H. farmer. Sec. 13, P.O. Liter "DATLIFF RICHARD A. farmer, Sec. 9, *** P.O. Liter Ray Thomas A. farmer. Sec 9, P.O. Arcadia Redman Rebanus, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Liter Reed Andrew, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Liter Reed William L. farmer, Arcadia REID JOlTNr M. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Jacksonville; son of John B. A. Reid, who is one of the old settlers of Morgan County; John M. was born in Jacksonville, Aug. 7, 1855, and has lived in this county all his life; was married to Julia E. Williamson, Nov. 21, 1876, who was born in Morgan County, Jan. 2, 1857 Reid Thomas J. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Rexroat Henry H. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Ar- cadia Rexroat William B. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Ar- cadia Rexroat Zachariah, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Ar- cadia Richards John P. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Richards Thomas, farmer. Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Richards William, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville Richardson Josiah D. wagonmaker, Arcadia Roberts Jerome C. farm hand, Sec. 9, P.O. Liter Roberts Joseph J. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O.Jack- sonville Robinson George, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Robison Elizabeth Mrs. Sec. 26, P.O. Liter Robison Samuel, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Liter Robison Theodore S. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Liter Robson George, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Liter Routt Francis M. lab. Arcadia Rucker John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Liter Rucker P. Mrs. Sec. 14, P.O. Liter Rudisill Henry, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia Rudisill Daniel H. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Ar- cadia Ramsey John, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville C AFLEY ANDREW J. lab. Arcadia ^ Schaffer Alfred, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jacksonville Schaffer Henry, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jack- sonville Sears Jonathan, Arcadia Sharp Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jack- sonville Sharp Tilman H. farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Shield Sarah Mrs. Sec. 6, P.O. Arcadia Shield Thomas, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Arcadia Shuff Oliver, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Arcadia Smith John, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jackson- ville Smith John, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jackson- ville Smith John jr., farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Jack- sonville Smith John F. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O.Jackson- ville Smith Joseph C. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Sorrill Henry, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jackson- ville Sorrill Henry jr., farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Sorrill Thomas, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Jack- sonville Sorrill William, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jack- sonville Stanley Lamdon M. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Liter Stegall James, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia Stevenson James, farmer, Liter Stout John, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Liter Stout Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville HTEDDER JOHN, farm hand, Sec. 36, P. O. Jacksonville Tendick Peter, farmer, P.O. Jacksonville Thompson John, Arcadia Thompson Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Arcadia Thompson Louis V. farmer, Arcadia Tinsley Josiah, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Liter V AUGHN GEO. W. farmer, Liter \XrALKER BENJAMIN F. farmer, Sec. VV 17, P.O. Arcadia 738 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Walters Harvey, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Webb Thomas, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Jack- sonville Welsh Peter, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Jackson- ville White Tunis, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Jackson- ville Wilhoit Benjamin, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Liter Williams Samuel, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Liter Williamson William I. farmer. Sec. 19, P.O. Arcadia WILSON JOHN M. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Arcadia ; he was born in Gallatin Co., Ky., Jan, 14, 1815, and came with his father to Morgan Co., in 1823 ; unmarried ; his father, James Wilson was born in Pennsylvania Oct. 23, 1772, and died Aug. 24, 1858 ; he mamed Bridget Custer May 3, 1796 ; she was born in Virginia, Dec. 1775, and died May 8, 1851 ; they raised twelve children, five of whom are still liv- ing WILLARD, farmer, Arcadia BUSINESS CARDS. DOWNTAIN AZAEL, post master and wagon maker, Arcadia HARBISON THOMAS, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, Township 16, Range 10 West, P.O. Jacksonville HARBISON WILLIAM H. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 31, Township 16, Range 10 West, P.O. Jacksonville LOAB GEOBG-E, raiser of Berkshire swine, cattle, etc., Sec. 18, P.O. Arcadia MATTINGLY SHELTON J. Sec. 9, nine miles north of Jacksonville, P.O. Liter OGLE JOHN W. raiser of Berkshire swine, cattle, horses, etc., etc., Sec. 19, P.O. Jacksonville TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. A BERNATHY JAMES H. farm- *^^ er, Sec. 27, P.O. Concord. Was born in Van Buren Co., Iowa, Sept. 28, 1853; married to Miss Emma Kershaw, Dec. 23, 1873; she was born on the farm where they now live, Jan. 6, 1854; have two children : Arthur Allen and Eva Gertrude. When he was about seven years old, his mother died, and he was bound out to a farmer; he left him after a few years; kept on farming till "71, when he came to Concord about the loth of August. He visited Iowa several times before his marriage. He has a fine farm, and raises large numbers of cattle Ater Basio, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Ater Jacob, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord Ater Jas. J. farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Ater Nancy, widow James, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arcadia Ater William, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenzvilte, Cass Co. Angel John, farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Jackson- ville Antles Freman, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Con- cord Ayers Theop, carpenter, Concord TDAKER FREDERICK, farmer, Sec. 7, ' P.O. Concord Bebout Frederick, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Con- cord Beeley Joseph, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Birch Eli, carpenter, Concord Blimbling Casper, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Blimbling George F. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville Blimbling Jacob, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Blimbling John F. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Bobbitt Drury A. teamster, Concord Braner Catherine, widow John, Sec. 14, P.O. Arcadia Braner Elias, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Arcadia Braner George, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Arcadia Braner George W. farmer. Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Braner John, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arcadia Braner John, farmer. Sec. 14, P.O.Arcadia Braner Peter, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Arcadia Braner Simon, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jackson- ville Braner Stephen, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Ar- cadia Brennan Edward, farmer, Concord BRIDGEMAN HEZEKIAH, re- tired farmer, Concord. Was born in Withe Co., Va., Jan. 18, 1797. Married there Aug. 4, 1820, to Miss Jane Brown, born same place, Jan. 16, 1797; had nine children; lost two Franklin, born March 3, 1822; Mary, Aug. 29, 1823; Martin, Nov. 6, 1825; John, Aug. 27, 1827; James, June 3 1829; Isaac, May 20, 1831; Rhoda, July 4, 1834; William, July 18, 1836; died July 14, 1839; his wife died Feb. 26, 1847; mar- ried again to Miss Leah Deaton, born in Va.; had two children, living : Martha, born March 10, '51, and Eliza, April 14, '53; his second wife died April 21, 1853; married again to Mrs. Nancy Brown born inWitheCo., Va., March 10, 1802; nochil- dren by her; she had eleven children by her first husband, four living now James Washington Brown, born Nov. 23, 1824; Andrew Jackson Brown, Jan. 30, 1830; Napoleon B. Brown, Oct. 21, 1833; Mary Brown, March 19, 1838, now Mrs. P. Kiser. He came to this county in the Fall of 1830 with a team and $14 in money a poor man, and by hard work at farming and prudent management has become inde- pendent. He quit farming twenty years ago, settling down in Concord, living on the interest of his money. Though 81 years old, his memory of early days is vivid ; there is no man in his neighborhood who appreciates a joke and laugh as much as " Uncle Kiah ;" his conversation is pointed, racy, and interesting, bristling with anec- 740 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. dotes of early days. The genuine interest he takes in the welfare of those surround- ing him, and the public spirit he shows in affairs concerning Concord and the neigh- borhood, have given him the name of " Uncle Kiah " far and wide BRIDGEMAN JOHN, deceased, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 10, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Born in Virginia, Aug. 27, 1827; married June 28, 1855; have one son living : Henry A., born on this farm, June 19, 1857; married July 18, 1875, and have one child : John William, born Sept, 30, 1876. Mr. John Bridgeman was one of the county's earliest settlers; his death hap- pened some thirteen years ago. He once held the office of constable. Mrs. John Bridgeman's father is Aaron Henderson, born in Virginia, and married a Miss Sarah Bowles, also born in Virginia. Mrs. J. Bridgeman owns 265 acres of good land, vilue about $10,600 Bridgeman Samuel, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Con- cord Bridgeman Virginia Mrs. farm, Sec. 24, P.O. Concord Bridgewater Hannah, wid. William, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville Bridgewater Henry, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville Brown Felix G. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Con- cord Brown Franklin, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Con- cord Brown George P. farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Con- cord BROWN JAMES M. was born in Tennessee, May 22, 1825; married Oct. 6, 1847, to Miss Sarah Ann Buxton ; had six children : James Franklin, Felix G., Satah Abigail, George P., Mary Jane, and Charles Oscar, dead. He is one of the oldest set- tlers in this township; his parents moved here in 1830. In 1831 his father was killed in digging a well; his mother married again, making the home uncongenial to him; he faced the world alone when 18 years old, and is to-day among the wealthy farmers of this county. In 1857 ne bought his present place. Politically he is a staunch Democrat Brunk Christopher C. farmer, P.O. Concord Brunk George, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Concord BURBANK EDWIN S. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Concord. Was born in Mass., Aug. 16, 1825. He came to Cass Co. in 1853; married in Beardstown, March 31, . 1853, to Miss Caroline Shaw, born in Maine, Jan. 22, 1822; had five children : Howard D., born Dec, 27, 1853; Carrie M., March 12, 1855; Frank E., Feb. 27, 1857; Ida May, Sept. 27,1859; Sarah Jane, May 6, 1860. His wife, at Mrs. Leonard's house, at Concord, Aug. 31, 1873, was burned fatally by a spark from the stove setting her dress on fire before help could be rendered. She died there on Sept. 16, 1873. Married again April 5, 1876 in St. Louis, to Miss Ada St. John De Haven, who was born in Beardstown, June 24, 1854; has one child by her : Arthur W., born Aug. 23, 1877. The present Mrs. B. is a niece of Lieut. Edwin DeHaven, com- manding the original Arctic expedition, in which Dr. Kane was surgeon, but getting snow blinded after his first voyage, he re- tired, and died in Philadelphia, Dr. Kane getting all the credit. Mr. Burbank enlisted in the roist Regiment, Co. B, and was with his regiment through the entire war. In '64 he received a sunstroke, after which he was a great portion of the time in commissary department. Joseph Shaw, Mr. Burbank's father-in-law, was born in Maine, Jan. 21. 1794; he came to this county in 1830, and died in 1867. His father, Dana Burbank, born in Mass., Jan. 18, 1796, manufactured paper in his native State, came to Scott Co. in 1868, and died May 6, 1876 Burbank Frank E. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Con- cord /~*ARE JAMES L. farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. ^^ Arenzville, Cass Co. Chamberlain Elizabeth, widow, Concord CHARLSWORTH GEORGE, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. ; born in Yorkshire, Eng- land, Aug. 18, 1826 ; married Nov. 28, 1852, to Mary Kenworthy, born in York- shire, England, Nov, 26, 1831 ; have five children living, Anna L., born in Cass Co., 111., May, 18, 1857 ; Joseph T., born Feby. 16, 1860, on this farm ; John W., born March 5, 1863, on this farm ; George L., TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 741 born July, 15, 1868; died March, 28, 1871; Mary L., horn Sept. 22, 1871, on this farm; James Richard, horn May, 17, 1874, on this farm ; Mr George Charlsworth left Eng- land in 1849 I prior to this time he was on his father's farm, farming and weaving be- ing his occupation at the time; he landed in Boston, 1849; went to Lowell, Mass.; here his employment was that of weaving, and remained six months ; in Oct. 1849, he went to Peacedale, R. I. ; remained here three years, engaged as weaver ; then he went to Westerly, Conn. ; here he remained one year ; occupation during this time, weaving ; then he settled in Cass Co. in 1854, near his present place; moved to his present farm Nov. 10, 1859 CONOVER JAMES, farmer and preacher, born in Woodford Co., Ky., Oct. 12, 1804; married June 5, 1828, to Miss Martha M. Reding; born in same county, Dec. 24, 1812 ; had nine children : Richard A., born Dec. 28, 1831 ; Alvina, Jan. 10, 1835 ; she was thrown from a buggy going to the fair in Cass Co., 111., dying from her injuries, Nov. I, 1875 ; Henry Clay, Sept. 16, 1838 ; Mary C., Aug. 8, 1841, now Mrs. M. D. McMannus, living with them ; Eliza Ann, Jan. 20, 1845, died Oct. 6, 1845 ; Thaddeus, Dec. 18, 1833, died in his in- fancy ; Charles Clinton, April 28, 1847, died Feb. 9, 1857 ; Martha Helen, Oct. 6, 1849, novv Mrs. Normal Eurton ; James Scholey, April 25, 1853 ; all his children live near Peculiar, Mo., with exception of Henry Clay, who lives near Butler, Bates Co., Mo.; Mr. Conover came to Illinois landing on Jersey Prairie, eight miles north of Jacksonville, Oct. 18, 1827 ; he was farm- ing there till 1855 ; the first Lord's day in Feby. 1831, he, his wife, and others, thir- teen in all, organized the first " Christian church " in this county, if not in Illinois, he taking an active interest in its welfare ; he was a deacon from its organization, and ordained a preacher a few years after, preaching from that time till 1855, when he moved to Eureka. Woodford Co., 111. ; he was appointed immediately after his arrival, trustee of the college (Eureka college), and soon after elder of the church there, holding both appointments till July, 4, 1868, when he moved to Pleasant Hill, Cass Co,, Mo. ; he was farming there as in Illinois ; the town Peculiar was started soon after he settled, only two miles from his farm ; he there found a small church organization; preaching there during his stay of five years ; leaving there he returned to Con- cord, Nov. 18, 1873, since which time he has been living a retired life ; he is at pres- ent an elder of his church, and still preaches occasionally, waiting contentedly to be called by Him, for whom he has worked during life COOPER ARMSTRONG, farmer. Sec. 22, P.O. Concord ; born in Roan Co. East Tennessee, March, 23, 1812 ; he came to this county Nov. 3, 1835 ; was married Oct. 8, 1838, to Miss Mary Silcox, born in Tennessee, March, iS, 1818 ; had ten chil- dren : Eliza Jane, born Oct. 29, 1840, now Mrs. F. Roberts ; Azariah Coffman, Dec. 18, 1842, died 1853 ; William Henry, Sept. 15, 1844; Mary Ellen, born Oct. 31, 1846, died 1855, was Mrs. Orlando Pratt ; John Armstrong, Sept. I, 1850, died 1853; Aman- da C., Oct. 3, 1852, now Mrs. Bailey Rexroat ; Albert and Robert, March 10, 1855, both died same year; James .Buch- anan, Aug. 23, 1856; Edward Scott, July, 17, 1860, died 1862 ; he first came to Jack- sonville where he opened a family grocery store, sold out, and came to Concord, and in 1845 he entered the land he now lives on ; has been school director and super- visor of roads seven terms ; politically he has always been a Democrat, though in county elections, the best men on either side would always be his choice COOPER WILLIAM HENRY, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord ; was born in Morgan Co., Sept. 15, 1844; married Oct. 18, 1874, to Miss Carrie M. Burbank, born in Morgan Co., March, 12, 1855 ; have two children, Perry Howard, born March, 4, 1876 ; Cora May, Aug. 24, 1877 ; was born and raised here ; farmed with his father till his marriage ; politically he has always been a Democrat ; was elected school director of District No. 5 last April Cowder Stephen, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Cowdin Frank P. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jack- sonville Cowdin P., farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville Craig Moses H. farmer. Sec. 18, P.O. Con- cord 742 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Craig Nancy Jane, widow Noah, Concord Craig Robert, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Concord Crocker Ulrick L, blacksmith, Concord CULLIMORE THOMAS M. M.D. P.O. Concord ; born in Carrollton, Greene Co., Illinois, Nov. 22, 1849; graduated at the University of the City of New York in 187? Y) ALEY PATRICK, blacksmith and ^^^ wagon maker, Concord; was born in Tip- perary Co., Ireland, March 16, 1837 ; left Ireland Sept. 1851 ; landed in New York in Oct. the same year; then went to New Salem, where he learned the trade of black- smith, and worked nearly three years ; moved to Pennsylvania; stayed there till 1855; then went to Auburn, N. Y., and was married June 15. 1856, to Miss Bridget Carey, of Watertown, N. Y. ; she was born in Ireland ; had five children by her, lost two ; those living are: James, born at Skaneateles, N. Y., June 17, 1857 ; Nora, born at Chapin, this county, Jan. 24, 1859; Michael, born at Bethel, this county, Feb. 2, 1862; his wife died June 9, 1875 ; mar- ried again to Mrs. Rebecca Hamilton, who was born in this county, Oct. 22, 1845 ; has one child by her, John Carl, born here, Aug. 5, 1877 > her maiden name was Rebecca Webb; was married to Noah Hamilton, May 5, 1864 ; has two children by him, Arthur Hamilton, born Feb. 27, 1865, and Charles Hamilton, born Feb. 12, 1867 ; Mr. Daley came to Chapin Aug. 1858, engaging in his trade till 1862 ; enlisting in the loist Illinois, Co. "E;"at Holly Springs, was captured and paroled, sent to Memphis five days after, on the 3ist Dec. ; steamed up the Mississippi on the " Creole;" at island No. 34, she struck a sand bar ; after forty-eight hours futile attempt, were trans- ferred to steamer Curlew ; making Cairo, there they waited till the " Creole " came and arrived at St. Louis ; a trip he will al- ways remember ; he was exchanged Jan. 1863 ; rejoined his regiment, skirmishing around in Western Kentucky and Tennes- see, till Sept., thence to Louisville and Bridgeport, Ala.; at latter place he was till Oct. 28 ; was in a fight at Owahatchie; re- mained in Lookout valley till Nov. 23 ; was in battle of Mission Ridge ; wintered in Bridgeport, Ala. till May, 1864, thence to Chattanooga, and then "going through Georgia ; " was in the battles of Rocky Face, Resaca, in the charge on Kennesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, and at the siege of Atlanta ; remained in the city a few weeks ; was in Savannah six weeks ; then on to Richmond ; the war closed, he was mustered out in Washington, June 7, 1865 ; discharged in Springfield, June 25, 1865 ; went back to Chapin, at his old business, and came here in 1874, carrying on the business at the present time Dalton James W. farm hand, Sec. n, P.O. Concord Daub Christian, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Daub Conrad, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Arenzville, Ca-s Co. Daub John, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. DEAN LEWIS, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Concord ; was born in St. Albany, Vt., Sept. 12, 1811, where he was raised and worked on a farm till 1830; in 1830 he left home, and travelled in the States of New York, New lersey, Ohio, Missouri, and Virginia; he taught school in all, but Ohio ; the Fall of 1838 he settled in this county, teaching school that fall and winter for six months; he took an active part in organizing and dividing this township into school districts ; in 1844 he was elected township trustee, which office he held for ten years, being elected four times in succession; in 1839 he entered his land, and was married June 2, 1839, to Miss Maria Ratcliff, who was born in Louisa Co., Va., 1 868 ; had four children: D wight, born March, 1844, who enlisted in the nth Illinois cavalry, Co. " B," in Nov. 1861, and died a few months after at Camp Butler; Lucy, Sept. 1842, died Oct. I, 1862 ; Susannah, Sept. 1846, now Mrs. Henry Suger, and Josiah, July, 1857; his wife died April 13, 1860; he married again April 3, 1862, to Miss Eleanor Richhart, born in Ohio in 1826; had one child by her, Nathan, born April 29, 1863, died Sept. 1873 ; the first pork he sold was in Jacksonville, 1841, at $1.75 nett per hundred ; the first corn he hauled to Mere- dosia in 1843, at 12)4 cents per bushel ; his nearest neighbors then were Henry, John, and Thomas Park, Archibald Mel- lon, William Moss, Adam Gaddis, and TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 743 Robert Kershaw, all good men ; politically he has always been a democrat Decker James M. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Ar- cadia Deitrich Daniel, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Con- cord Deitrich Samuel, farmer, Sec, 30, P.O. Con- cord Dewees Cornelius, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Dickerson Wilmer W. constable, Concord Diggins Robert, carpenter, Concord Driver Nicholas, farmer, Sec. u, P.O. Arcadia Driver Richard, farmer, Sec. 2, P. O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Dyer A., farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Concord Dyer George F. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Dyer Joseph, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. DYER WILLIAM ANDERSON, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co., born in Grange Co., Tenn., Jan. 29, 1807 ; married March 12, 1833, to Margaret Bridgeman, born May 25, 1808, died Jan. 13, 1878 ; have seven children living : George Franklin, born Nov. 27, 1833; William R., born Feb. 3, 1836; Ro- dy Ann, born Jan. 20, 1838 ; Joseph, born April 23, 1841; Ellen Jane, born March 26, 1842; John C., born April 8, 1851; Martin J., born Oct. II, 1854. Lost three children : Martha, Emeline, Thomas L. Mr. W. A. Dyer left Tennessee when thir- ty-one years old; came to this county in 1838, with eight dollars and three picka- yunes in his pocket; he now owns 140 acres of improved land, and good farm house on same. His religion is of the Baptist school. He was the first school director under the free school system, which office he held in Tennessee. His father, William Dyer, was born in Virginia, at the time of the revolutionary war, 1776, and married a Miss Ellen Dyer. His wife's father, Frank- lin Bridgeman, fought in the revolutionary war of 1776, and married a Miss Roda May. Has learned four different trades in his life Dyer William R. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. T7AGLE THOMAS, merchant, Con- cord, was born at Yarmouth, England, July 18, 1812 ; married in Wisbech, Eng., June I, 1834, to Miss Elizabeth Watson Stagles, born at March, Eng., Dec. 27, 1815 ; had twelve children (lost seven), living: Hannah, now Mrs. J. C. Sanders; Elizabeth, now Mrs. A. J. Bell ; John Thomas, Charles William, and Mary Jane, now Mrs. Robert Diggins. He left Eng- land April 17, 1854, settling in Ohio ; stayed there till July, '55, then locating here, engaged in merchant tailoring till '67, then moved to Abingdon, Knox Co., and in '71, to Bushnell ; he stayed there till '75, when he came back to Concord, since which time he has been keeping a general store and merchant tailoring estab- lishment. He enlisted in '61, in the three months' service, in the 68th 111. Reg., Co. B, volunteering on the 4th of July; his regi- ment had to do a great deal of marching and counter-marching, but was in no bat- tles. He was mustered out in October, same year Evans Rebecca, widow, Concord Ewing John S. farmer. Sec. 31, P.O. Concord EWING WILLIAM H. blacksmith, P.O. Concord, born in Wheeling, Va., May 13, 1831; married Oct. 23, 1855, to Marga- ret Filey, who was born in Pennsylvania, Nov. 20, 1831. Have six children: Charles, Alexander H., William, Hattie, Susan Ann, and Robert C. Came to Logan Co. in 1837 T7AIRBANK ALLEN, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Concord FAIRBANK JOHN B. was born in New Ipswich, N. H., March 16, 1796. At the district schools of his native town and at New Ipswich Academy, he obtained a fair education, which, on leaving home, at the age of twenty, he made use of by engaging in teaching. For four years he was principal of a high school in Stamford, Ct., where he became acquainted with and married Miss Hannah M. Crissey, with whom he lived to celebrate their golden wedding. Soon after marriage he removed to Massachusetts, and there established an extensive manufactory of palm-leaf hats, and ladies' straw bonnets, one of the first of the kind in the United States. For the sale of the goods manufactured, he opened a wholesale store in New York City.whither 744 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. he removed in 1835, and, his store being in the immediate vicinity, he was present as an interested and not idle spectator at the great fire of December of that year. In 1837 he removed to Morgan Co., 111.; set- tling on a farm on the north side of Dia- mond Grove, one mile south of Illinois College. Here he lived nine years, during which time his older sons received their education at the college. He was very fa- vorably known as a friend by the students of those days, many of them receiving help at his hands in their time of need, and all having a cordial welcome at his hospitable home. In 1846 lie removed to the now vi- cinity of Concord, where he retained his residence until the close of his life. A short time previous to this removal, a church had been organized in the neigh- borhood, out of a variety of elements found in the region, on a union basis, and be- cause of this feature of the organization, and because some of the members were from Concord, N. H., it received the name Concord. With this church Mr. Fairbank, with his family, at once identified himself, and at a cost to him of several hundred dollars over and above his subscription, he built its first house of worship. The build- ing was located where Concord now stands, and this was the starting of the town. In 1850, in connection with D. Wilder, his third son, Mr. F. opened a store near the church, and soon after platted the town, and named it after the church. When the Rock Island and St.Louis R.R.was project- ed, he interested himself in it at once, and was for a number of years one of its direc- tors. From 1854 to 1862, he acted as general agent for Central Illinois, in the sale of McCormick's Reaper and Mower, and thus formed a very extensive business acquaintance throughout this part of the State. Mr. F. was very decidedly a public spirited man, and was always ready, accord- ing to his ability, and indeed, often be- yond his ability, to give a helping hand in the furtherance of everything which had in view the public good, whether in the sphere of civil affairs, education, philan- thropy, or morals. In early life he became a Christian, and thereafter was most heart- ily identified with all moral reforms and religious enterprises. While as yet it was an unpopular thing to do, he adopted total abstinence principles, as to temper- ance, which he ever uncompromisingly maintained, and his practice was from first to last in perfect consistency with the prin- ciples he advocated. He was especially interested in the cause of Foreign Missions, to which he gave gladly his eldest son and a grand-daughter, who had grown up in his home as his own child, together with, a not small portion of his yearly income. Politically he was an old-line Whig, until the formation of the Republican party, with which he allied himself at once, be- cause of its advocacy of the anti-slavery principles he had always held. Through a long life of mingled prosperity and adver- sity, in all relations of whatever nature, he ever maintained the character of a true Christian gentleman, and succeeded re- markably in the effort that was always his to be both just and generous. He died June 17, 1873, at tne a g e f 77> an( l was buried in Diamond Grove Cemetery, where his body sleeps in a grave almost in sight of his first Morgan Co. home. In Mr. Fairbank's family there were ten children, five sons and five daughters. The latter all died in infancy, while the former all grew to manhood and four still live. The, oldest, Rev. Samuel B. Fairbank, D.D., was born at Stamford, Ct., in 1822. He graduated from Illinois College, at the age of eighteen, and from Andover Theologi- cal Seminary at twenty-one. The follow- ing year he went as a missionary of the Am. Board, to India, and was stationed at Ahmedungger, 200 miles east of Bombay, where he still continues to labor, having been in the foreign field over thirty years. Before going out he was married to Miss Abbie Allen, of Oakham, Worcester Co., Mass., who died in India, leaving two chil- dren, one of whom, now Mrs. Emma F. Smith, is still living, and is herself a mis- sionary, being the wife of Rev. Thomas S. Smith, of Jaffna, Ceylon. He was married again in 1856, this time to Miss Mary Bal- lantine, daughter of a missionary, and born in India, who is his present wife. They have seven children living, three of whom, two daughters and a son, are in this coun- try being educated. James C. Fairbank, the. second son, was born at Oakham, TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. Mass., in 1825. While attending Illinois College, failing health caused him to relin- quish his intellectual pursuits, and he be- came the home boy upon the farm, remain- ing with or near his parents until the fath- er's death, and still having the mother with him. He was married first in 1847, to Miss Hannah B. Carter, daughter of the late Ebenezer Carter, and sister of Wm. C. Carter, of Jacksonville. She died in 1864, leaving three children : S. Allen, who mar- ried Miss Lizzie Eldred ; Ellen M., now Mrs. Milton Matthews ; and Mary E., all of whom still live in Morgan Co. He mar- ried his present wife, who was Miss Mary L. Daniels, daughter of Mr. Samuel Dan- iels, of Joy Prairie, in 1865, and they have three children. James C. was for a time in company with his brother, D. Wilder, in the store at Concord, then as stock deal- er and farmer, and with his father in the machine agency. He is now living on the home farm, and is engaged somewhat ex- tensively in the settlement of estates, the guardianship of orphans, and like trusts. D. Wilder, the third son, was born at Oak- ham, Mass., April, 1829. Because of fail- ing health when in college, he too was obliged to relinquish his studies and to give up the expectation of entering the ministry. For a number of years he was engaged in teaching, then in company with his father, and after, with his brother, James C., in the Concord store, in the stock business and farming, and in the ma- chine agency. In 1870 he opened his agri- cultural implement store in Jacksonville, where he now resides. He married in 1850, Sarah Epler, daughter of the late John Epler, of Cass Co., and sister of Judge Cyrus Epler, of Morgan. They have three children, the oldest of whom, Evelyn H., is now the wife of Prof. Geo. W. Brown, jr., of the Jacksonville Business College. John B. Fairbank, jr., the fourth son, was born Sept. 6, 1831, inOakham, Mass. He grad- uated from Illinois College in 1857, and from Union Theo. Seminary, New York, in 1860. He entered at once into the Con- gregational ministry, beginning his work at Marengo and Garden Prairie, 111., and continuing it at Monroe and Fox Lake, in Wisconsin, at St. Joseph, Mich., where he remained four years, and at Fort Wayne, Ind., where he preached five years. He is now pastor of the Congregational Church of Farmington, Fulton Co., 111. He mar- ried Miss Emily P. Mack, sister of Rev. Joseph A. Mack, in May, 1859. She died in June, 1860, leaving a son, Her- bert A., who is now in Illinois College. To Miss Ruth A. Boyce, of Brooklyn, Wis., his present wife, he was married in 1863. They have three children now living two sons and a daughter. Edward B. Fair- bank, the fifth son, was born in Morgan Co., May, 1841, and died at Concord, Sept. 1863, aged twenty-two. He was a young man of rare social and business qualities, and earnest Christian principles, and gave promise of a worthy future. His early death, which seemed untimely, was mourned by all who knew him, for he was held in high esteem. All of the sons of Mr. Fairbank have been, at some time, connected with Illinois College, all have followed his example in engaging to a greater or less extent in teaching, all early united with the church, all have been from their youth absolute teetotallers, and all have received and held the confidence of their fellow men Farmer James, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Concord Felson John M. farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Con- cord Filson William True, farmer, Sec. 29. P.O. Concord Finch John Thomas, farmer, Concord Fogle William A. preacher, Concord Funk Martin D. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Con- cord /CADDIS THOMAS, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. i j Arenzville, Cass Co. Gish Franklin, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jackson- ville Goodpasture Abraham, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord Goodpasture John, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Con- cord Goodpasture John J. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord Grime James, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Concord Grum James, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. TJAILEY GEORGE, farmer, Sec. 19, n - P.O. Concord 746 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Hailey Henry, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Concord Hailey William R. cooper, Concord Ham Willis C. farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Concord Harris John Rev., Concord Hatfield William, plasterer, Concord Henderson Amos, Sec. 13, P.O. Arcadia Henderson James F. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Arcadia Henderson N. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arcadia Henderson Silas, farmer, Sec. 31. P.O. Con- cord Henderson Stephen, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arcadia Henderson Thomas, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Henderson William, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Arcadia Hennessey Joseph, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Con- cord Hoover George, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Con- cord Hunting George, farm hand, Sec. 2, P.O. Arcadia Hustan Howard, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Con- cord JOY CHARLOTTE, widow Sylvester, Sec. 30, P.O. Jacksonville Joy John B. farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Concord Jordan Daniel P. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Con- cord Jordan W. H. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jackson- ville Jordan W. S. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O, Jackson- ville AYWOOD JOHN, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord Kelly Frank, farm hand, P.O. Concord Kershaw James, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Con- cord Kershaw Thomas, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Con- cord Kinney Major, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Con- cord T AUGHARY JESSE, farmer, Sec. 15, *-* P.O. Concord Laughary John, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Con- cord Laughery John, jr. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Con- cord Laughery Marion, farmer, Concord Leiber George, farm hand, Sec. 29, P.O. Con- cord Leonard J. J. H. carpenter, Concord Leonard Levina, widow Abraham, Concord Leonard Perry R. teacher, Concord Lewis Joseph, farmer. Sec. 28, P.O. Concord Liles Marrion F. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Ar- cadia Liles Marlon B. farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Ar- cadia Liles Mary, widow Burt, farm, Sec. 24, P.O. Arcadia Lippert Herrmann, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Concord Liter Abraham, farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Concord Long Frederick, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Con- cord LONG JACOB, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Jacksonville; was born March 3, 1812, in Granger County, East Tennessee, seven miles from Rutledge ; married Nov. n, 1833 to Melvina Bridgeman ; had nine children: Martha, now Mrs. John Malli- coat; John Wesley, Hezekiah, Mary, now Mrs. F. Gish; William, Henry, Eliza, now Mrs. George Leonard; Frederick, and Al- doney, who is dead : his wife died in 1854; married again in 1857, to Mary Stabler ; had two children by her, Thomas Jefferson, and Nancy; his second wife died in Oct. 1867 ; married agai:i Aug. i, 1869, to Mrs. James Gish, her maiden name was Comfort Gish, born Sept. 4, 1819, in Kentucky ; he was raised in Tennessee, farming most of the time ; he carried the government mail from Knoxville to Bruntsville Va., nine years and two months, and lost but two trips ; he came to this county in 1856 ; he enlisted Aug. 13, 1862, in the xoist Reg. Co. B, and was honorably discharged April 10, 1863 ; he was taken prisoner at Holly Springs while standing guard at the gov- ernment stables ; while a prisoner, he was at times three or four days without any thing to eat, and slept out on the wet ground; he was taken with quick consumption and rheumatism, from which he is now suffer- ing ; he draws a pension in consequence Long James H. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Long Joseph, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Concord Long William, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord Long William H. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Loughary Arthur, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Con- cord TOWN 16 NORTH EANGE 11 WEST. 747 IV/TALLICOAT JAMES, farmer, Sec. 3, *** P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Mallicoat William, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Martin Maria, widow, Concord Martin Mary, widow, farm, Sec. 14, P.O. Ar- cadia Martin Samuel H. pastor M. E. Church, Con- cord Mathews Milton O. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Concord Matz George, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Concord McCarthy George A. farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. McCarthy Michael, farmer, Sec. II. P.O. Ar- cadia McFadden David, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Ar- cadia McFadden John, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Ar- cadia McFadden M. widow John. Sec. 13, P.O. Ar- cadia Moody Thomas H. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jacksonville Morgan Charles, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Ar- cadia Morrison James B. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jacksonville Morrison Robert, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord MOSS BENJAMIN F. merchant, P.O.Concord, born in Bedford Co., Tennes- see, Jan. 13, 1822; married Oct 12, 1848, to Miss Martha A. Martin, born in Woodford Co., Kentucky, March 13, 1829 ; had three children : Francis Adrian, born March 7, 1850, died April 14, 1850; Oscar. May 20, 1851, died Aug. 9. 1858; Edward R., Aug. 9, 1861, died Aug. 25, 1864. He came to this county in November 1827; went to Platt Co., Missouri, about 1840, prospecting and farming for three ye irs; came back here in 1843, farming with his father till 1848, then went to Peoria, learn- ing the carpenter trade, which he followed two years ; then moved to Farmington, en- gaged in the " endless pump and chain " business. In 1858, he moved back to Con- cord, and in 1860 moved to Meredosia ; in 1862 he again came back here; Aug. 22, of that year he enlisted in the loist 111. Regt., Co. B. He was captured, with part of his regiment, at Holly Springs, Miss., Dec. 20 ; paroled and sent to Benton Bar- racks and exchanged June 20, 1863, rejoin- ing his regiment and skirmishing in West- ern Tennessee and Kentucky, thence to Bridgeport, Ala., Chattanooga, and par- ticipated in the battle- of Mission Ridge, under Gen. Howard ; thence to Knoxville, Chattanooga, wintering at Bridgeport, Ala. Broke camp May 2, 1864, to Chattanooga, and from there started on the " march through Georgia." His regiment was in the Twentieth Corps, under Hooker; was in the battles of Resaca, Burnt Hickory, and Peach Tree Creek. Was wounded July 25, 1864, in the second line of works before Atlanta, losing his leg, which was amputated at the hospital at Nashville ; then came back to Concord, engaging in the mercantile business. His wife was ap- pointed postmistress in April, 1867, he acting as deputy, and attending to all the duties of the office. He was elected justice of the peace in November, 1865, imme- diately alter his return from the war, serving two terms, after which he declined the nomination. He entered in his com- pany a private in the ranks, and was promoted corporal ; he was discharged June 27, 1865 Moss George N. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Moss George W. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Moss Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Moss Jonathan, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville MOSS JOHN B. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville, born in Bedford Co., W. Tennessee, July 16, i816, married April n, 1839, to Miss Elizabeth Standley. born in West Tennessee, June 29, 1820; has had nine children : Sarah, born Jan. 14, 1840, now Mrs. I. N. Smith ; Mary Ann, Oct. 9, 1841; Robert, March 4, 1844; Richard F., Dec. 29, 1846; Thomas Jefferson, June 18, 1849; Elizabeth Jane, Oct. n, 1851, now Mrs. Joseph Hoff ; Edgar, Sept. n, 1854, died May, 1860; John Anderson, July 23, 1857 ; William Oliver, Dec. 22, 1862. He was raised in Tennessee ; came to Morgan Co. November, 1827. His wife's parents came here in 1821, making them the oldest settlers in this township. He served rtvo terms as school director in District No. 5, and supervisor of roads two terms. He 748 MOEGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. has always been a democrat, but at present indorses the greenback party. His father ' was born in South Carolina in 1794, and served in the war of 1812 Moss Robert, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jackson- ville Moss Thomas J. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jack- sonville Murphy Charles W. farmer, Concord Murphy Geo. W. Rev. Concord Mulligan Nancy C. wid. Samuel, Concord Murphy Franklin P. farmer, Concord Muss Francis M. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville MYERS FERDINAND, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jacksonville, was born in Baden, Germany, Jan. 26, 1841. His parents left Germany in 1853, and came to this county in 1856. Was married Sept. 26, 1867, to Miss Mary Hickman, who was born in England, July 7. 1842. No children. She came here when but oae year old, with her parents. In 1867 he went to Missouri, and bought 160 acres; farmed it till 1868, then rented his farm and came back here to farm his father's land OAY JOHN B. farmer, Sec. 27, *-^- P.O. Waverly, was born in Van Buren Co., Iowa; Sept. 17, 1838 ; married to Miss Mary E. Johnson, March 16, 1859; she was born Jan. 6, 1840, in this county, near Arcadia. Had two children : Martha J. was born March 31, 1862, died Dec. n, 1867, and living, Louise B., born May 7, 1860. He came to Morgan Co. Feb. I, 1851. Always been engaged in farming since he was a boy. He first came to Ar- cadia, where he was raised, then went to Sangamon Co. the first year after his mar- riage. Moved back to Arcadia, renting there seven years ; then went to Mason Co. in 1865, building there on wild prairi he had bought ; in 1869, he sold out and came to the present place of 120 acres, on which he has built a beautiful dwelling ; he also owns 240 acres in Kansas, which he bought in 1869. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ray are active members of the M. E. Church Myers Valentine, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Jack- sonville JVT EWTON SAMUEL, farmer, Sec. 20, ^ P.O. Concord Nicholl Charles, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Con- cord North Charles H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Con- cord JOHN, farm hand, Sec. ir, P.O. ^^^ Concord Ogle John B. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord OARK ELIJAH H. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jacksonville Park Jas. A. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville Park Robert Y. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Peters William W. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Ar- cadia Q UINN MICHAEL, farmer, Sec. 28, P. O. Arcadia T3 ATLIFF RICHARD, farmer, Sec. 28, *^ P.O. Concord Rentschler George, retired farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Concord RENTSCHLER GEORGE W. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Concord ; born on Sec. 19, this township, Nov. 24, 1837; married Jan. 14, 1862, to Miss Lucretia Henderson, born in this county Nov. 18, 1842; had seven children: Edwin Ros- well, born Jan. 19, 1863, died Sept. 27, 1866 ; Sila Grant, July 8, 1865 ; William Henry, March 12, 1868, died May 16, 1868 ; George Stephen, March 7, 1869 ; Ellen R. Sept. 28, 1871; Arthur, Feb. 5, 1874, died March 10, 1874, and Franklin M. Feb. 3, 1875 ; he commenced farming for himself in 1862 till '65, then went to Ma- con Co., bought a farm of 160 acres, sold that in 1865, coming back here, where he is now farming on the old homestead, owning 265 acres, and 160 acres in Scott Co. ; on one of the coldest days in January, 1856, he was hauling timber for the M. E. Protestant Church from Beardstown ; in coming back the same day, when half a mile from Arenzville, the horses were frightened and ran off; unable to hold them, he jumped off, but fell between the wheels, the hind wheel passing over his body, ren- dering him insensible ; the noise the team made attracted the attention of the black- smith of Arenzville, who, seeing them, fore- boded ill, and went in search of him im- mediately, found him sitting on a stump in TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 749 a stupefied condition ; he had him brought home, but he was unable to work for two months; had it not been for the kindly as- sistance he would have perished ; his father, George Rentschler has retired from active life, is living with him now ; he was born in Pennsylvania, Oct. 8, 1795; married to Sarah Miller in 1817, who died in 1824; had three children by her ; all dead ; mar- ried again in the latter part of 1824, to Catharine Zerby, born in Pennsylvania, Oct. 26, 1805 ; had seven children, four living: Elizabeth, now Mrs. J. C. Valen- tine ; Sarah, now Mrs. L. Fredlander ; George W. and Jacob ; he left Pennsylva- nia and came to the present place in 1837 ; has been farming and milling ; he recollects one incident, especially of 1839, showing the abundance of game ; he was coming home from Arenzville in the forenoon hauling rail, a large deer stood in the road, the horses became frightened and would not advance, the old buck looked at him unconcernedly for some minutes, then quietly went into the brush ; he saw one morning a gang of twenty-seven deer in front of his house grazing; the wolves were so numerous that they kept them awake nights by their howling, and got so fierce that they attacked his dog in the yard, and had he not gone out to his rescue, the dog would have been eaten up. Rexnxit Lewis, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Concord Rice John D. farmer, Concord Richardson Frank, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Ar- cadia Rife Robert, farmer. Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Ring William, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord Roach Charles, painter. Concord Roach James, farmer, Concord Roberts Frank L. teacher, Concord Rubart Jacob, farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Concord Runnyon A. J. fanner, Concord C ANDERS CHARLES J. farmer, Sec. ^ 20, P.O. Concord Sanders James J. farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Con- cord Schillinger John, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Con- cord Stewart Franklin, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Stewart Frank, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. I 2 Stewart George, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Arenz- ville. Cass Co. Stewart Gottfried, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. SHREWSBURY GEORGE W. merchant, Concord; born in Morgan Co., Jan. 8, 1844; married Dec. 3. 1876, to Miss Martha Bridgeman, who was born in Con- cord, March 10, 1852; he was raised on his father's farm, three miles north of Concord; after his father's death in 1863, he man- aged it till 1871; then spent the winter with his sister in Kentucky, and the fol- lowing summer with his brother-in-law near Decatur, 111.; in 1872 he went into partnership with L. G. Wallich, of Arenz- ville, in the furniture trade, but the busi- ness not meeting his expectations, he sold out, going back once more to his birth- place, staying there till 1874, when he came to Concord, clerking for Pence & Co. six months, then admitted junior partner in the firm, remaining such till Feb. 1876; buying them out, he continued the business in which he is engaged at the present time SILCOX JAMES H. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord; was born in Jacksonville, Nov. 26, 1834; married, Jan. 18, 1857, to Miss Elizabeth C. Gish, born in Iowa, May 26, 1843; had eight children: David Henry, July 2, 1858, died 1862; Charles Franklin, Oct. 25, 1862; William Edward. Nov. 23, 1864; Robert Lincoln, Jan. 24, 1866; Jane Isabelle, Oct. 18, 1 868; Chester Florence, Feb. 28, 1871; Lilly May, Jan. 14, 1875; James Henry, Feb. 4, 1878; from seventeen to twenty-eight years of age he was work- ing by the month; then commenced trad- ing horses and cattle, and during the war bought his present place, having made it out of his trading; in 1874, Frank Roberts, James Snyder, and himself built a mill; in 1875 he and Snyder bought out Roberts, and in 1876 he bought the whole interest, making money in it till it was burned down; during the war he was deputy pro- vost marshal at Beardstown Smart Samuel V. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Jack- sonville Smith Frank, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Arcadia Smith Henry, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Concord - Smith James A. farmer, Sec. 1 6, P.O. Con- cord Smith L. B. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord 750 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Smith Peter, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Jackson- ville Smith Mary, wid. John, Sec. 15, P.O. Con- cord SMITH WILEY, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Arcadia; born in Tennessee, Oct. 30, 1828; married Sept. 29, 1859, to Miss Jane Standley, born in Morgan Co., Dec. 15, 1840; had five children: Mary Catherine, Sept. 3, 1861; an infant, Oct. 30, 1866, died in infancy; Esther Rosetta, April 4, 1869; Charles H., Nov. 9, 1872; Clarinda O., April 9, 1877; his father came here in 1834, was taken sick, and was on a sick bed for eight years, consequently he had to plow with what was called the Carey plow, when but seven years old; they, like all the old settlers, came here without any money, and he worked as hard as any grown man, from early boyhood, but by dint of perse- verance and courage, has become indepen- dent; is one of the " self-made men " of the times; in 1860 he bought his present place of 115 acres; he has been two terms super- visor of roads, and was elected April (1877) school director of District No. I.; politically he has always been a Democrat; his father was born in S. Carolina 1805, and died here May 24, 1875; his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Moss, who was born in 1806; died here May 23, 1874 Smith William, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Arcadia Smith William, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Jack- sonville SMITH WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Jacksonville; born in Wilson County, Kentucky, Dec. n, 1814; married Sept. 9, 1843, to Sarah Ann Vanderbilt; had one child, James A., born Sept. 6, 1845; his wife died the same vear, at the age of 20; married again Sept. 9, 1852, to Mrs. Nancy Ratliff; her maiden name was Rubart; born Aug. 11, 1825, in Sangamon County; had eight children: Elizabeth, born March 5, 1855, died 1873; Sarah Allen, Aug, 17, 1858, now Mrs. F. Long; Douglas, Aug. 16, 1861; Catharine, Oct. 27, 1863, died in 1867; Nancy Ann, Aug. 29, 1866, died Aug. 22, 1869; his parents moved to Mis- souri in 1826; he came to this county in 1836; he here learned the house carpenter trade, and worked at it in Cass, Morgan, Brown, and some in Scott Co.; the last carpentering he did was in 1849, in Brown C'ounty; then bought a farm near Concord and commenced fanning, which he has fol- lowed since then; Mr. Smith joined the M. E. church at Concord in 1842; in 1860 he joined the Methodist P. church, and has been an active member of that church since; Mr. Smith has been school director for 20 years, and is at present school direc- tor of Dist. No. i; since the Murphy move- ment he has taken an active interest in it, and holds the position of chaplain in Dist. No. I Sorrells George, farm hand, Sec. 28, P.O. Concord Stadley Henry, farmer, Sec. 7, P.O. Con- cord Stadley Richard, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Jack- sonville Stanley Richard, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jack- sonville Steinkuehler Henry, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O.Con- cord '"TAYLOR DAVID H. farmer, Sec. 23, . -* P.O. Concord Taylor Ernest, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. THOMPSON JOHN M. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Concord; born in Ross County, Ohio, in September, 1816; married Oct. 2, 1840, to Miss Harriet A. Pitner, born in Tennessee, near Nashville, Aug. 30, 1819; had eight children, four dead: Elizabeth Jane, born Oct. 3, 1841 , died July 1 1, 1847; William Henry, Aug. 10, 1843; Oswell Thomas, Nov. 2, 1845, died July 25, 1847; Martha Ellen, March 5, 1848; Robert Guthery, Sept. 8, 1850; James Newton, Sept., 1853, died Dec. 10, 1855; Charles Washington, Oct. 8, 1855; John Franklin, Sept. 18, 1858, died Feb. 23, 1865; he came to this county March 15, 1826, locating three miles north of North Prairie; owns 220 acres, value $15,000 Thorndyke James Joy, retired physician. Con- cord Thrasher A. Alfred, prin. Concord school, boards Mulligan house, Concord Troll Henry D. farmer, Sec. 18. P.O. Con- cord True Frank L. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Con- cord True Lyman W. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Con- cord TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 11 WEST. 751 True John S. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Concord Turley Cornelius, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Con- cord Turley Douglas, farm hand, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Turley Howard, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Ar- cadia Turley Thomas, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Ar- cadia TTDELL JAMES E. wagonmaker, Con- cord WALENTINE JACOB, R.R. employe, Concord Valentine John C. farmer, Concord VanWey Ira, farmer, Concord VET" ATKINS SAMUEL, farmer, Sec. 10, * * P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Wells Jackson, farm hand, Sec. 21. P.O.Con- cord Wilkei Charles, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Con- cord Wilkei Henry, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Concord Williamson John S. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville Williamson William H. farmer. Sec. 35, P.O. Jacksonville Wiswell James, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Con- cord WHORTON JOSEPH W. retired, P.O. Concord ; born in Nicholas Co., Ky., Jan. 19, 1826; married March 20, 1852, to Miss Ruthana Patterson, born in Clark Co., Pa., Oct. 24, 1831; had two children : John A., born June 6,1853 is living; came to Morgan County in 1830; they had to live in a little cabin, 'sixteen feet square, with his uncle's family that winter, on ac- count of the fearful snow, his fathei not be- ing able to build a cabin ; he was farming up to 1854. then keeping the Union hotel at Bethel; in 1853. he was elected constable on the old-line Whig ticket, and served till 1861, when he resigned; in 1856, he rented his hotel. He enlisted Aug. n. 1862, in the loist 111. Regt., Co. B; at Cairo he was detailed to the hospital, and acted as wardmaster-general for one year ; went with his regiment to Chattanooga latter part of 1863, wintering at Bridgeport, Ala., till May; was in the spring campaign under Sherman, and wounded in the second engagement at Resaca in three places, left arm, right side and left thigh, May, 14, 1864, losing the use of the arm; discharged Oct. 14, 1864; came back here and elected justice of the peace that fall, and held the office for thirteen years: this fall he resigned, retiring to a private life. He drove every stake in the survey of Concord, taking a lively interest in its welfare Wobbe Henry, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Wobbe Henry William, farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Concord Wolfe George, farmer, Concord WOOD WILLIAM, farmer, P.O. Con- cord; born Lancashire, Eng., March 14, 1840; married Sept. 4, 1866, to Miss Mar- garet J. Sims, born Morgan County, Jan. 29, 1843; have five children ; James Cor- nelius, born June 23, 1867; Lucy Ann, March 31, 1869 ; Arthur, Dec. 6, 1872 ; Harry Clifford, Feb. 17, 1873 ; Robert Vivian, Sept. 6, 1875. His parents came to this country in 1842, settling in Cass County; he was raised on the line of Cass and Morgan. In 1858, he left his parents, coming to this county; buying and selling horses till the war broke out; he enlisted, Aug. I, 1861, in the 1st Regt. Mo. Cavalry, Co. I. ; was private in his company six months, then was detailed as battalion wagonmaster; was also detailed in the U.S. detective service ; he remained in the army till the war closed, and since which time has been living in Concord Woodward A. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Jackson- ville WAKE LEWIS, farmer, Sec. 15, P O. Con- 1 cord VERBY JARED, station agent and telegraph operator, Concord ; was born in Mifflin Co., Pa., Oct 15, 1847 ; came to this county in 1852 ; in 1866 he went into partnership with his brothers John and A. H , in the nursery business ; he also had an interest in a store in Concord the same time; one year, when the nursery business was at its height, they sold $16,000 of hedge plants in a radius of two hundred * miles ; John's death and the panic forced him out of business. In 1869, he learned telegraphing, and four months from that time he got charge of Browning, 111, his first station ; since then he has held sta- 752 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. tions between St. Louis and Browning, on the St. Louis division of the C., B. & Q. R.R.; on the Chicago, Alton and St. Louis road and on the Iron Mountain, he was stationed at Poplar Bluffs, Butler Co., Mo,; he was transferred to his present station here December, 1877 CONCORD BUSINESS CARD. SHREWSBURY HOTEL, George Shrewsbury, proprietor. The only hotel in Concord ; has been lately newly refitted TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 12 WEST. A NDBE MATHIAS FRANK- ' LIN, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 9, P.O. Meredosia; Dem.; Meth. Episcopal; born in France, province of Mon Saint Martin, Feb. 13, 1833 ; left France at the age of sixteen, in 1849 '> coming to this country, he engaged to work for Mr. Blakely, in Erie County ; the first year he received $7 a month, and the second year $10 ; this included board and lodging ; he then went to Wisconsin, and engaged to work in the Menomonee River pineries, receiving a salary of $24 a month, includ- ing board and lodging ; here he remained six months ; he left this work in 1852 ; on his way to this county he stopped in Chi- cago a little over one month ; finally made his home in Morgan County ; engaged to work by the month for Mr. Dempsey, for whom he worked nine months; then worked or Mr. David Geiger three months ; then worked two years for Mr. L. D. Graham, an old settler; married Dec. 8; 1858,10 Elizabeth Amanda, daughter of Mr. Gra- ham ; his present farm contains i?>i% acres 75 acres he received from his father- in-law purchasing the balance from time to time ; one-half of his land is improved, and his house, a fine two- story frame, was built in 1877. They have five chil- dren living: Linda Florence, born Dec. 21, 1859; Roland Lee, born Feb. 5, 1861 ; Milton Henry, born June 20, 1867; Harriet Virginia, born Aug. 26, 1873 ; George Ber- tram, born May 18, 1876. Lost six chil- dren : Charles Franklin, born Aug. 13, 1862, died June 15, 1870; William Eddie, born July 30, 1864, died June 17, 1870; Martha Elizabeth, born Dec. 7, 1865, died Sept. 15, 1866; Albert Mathias and John Aldon, twins, born Sept. 21, 1869 ; Albert Mathias died Aug. 10, 1870, John Aldon died June 2, 1870; Lizzie Bell, born Dec. 7, 1865, died Oct. 3. 1873; his wife was born at the residence of her father, now standing at the foot of the bluffs on Sec. 8. His children were all born at his present house. Mr. A.'s father, John, was born about 1796, and served twelve or thirteen years under Napoleon, the great French emperor ; he first served as drummer boy ; his wife was Susan Waltsin Anke Charles, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Mere- dosia Arlis John, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Aufdemkamp Henry, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Bethel T3AILEY ELIZABETH, widow Abraham, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Baker Joseph W. farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Bethel Bayless John E. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Concord Berghaus J. W. farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Mere- dosia Berkhiser William H. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Concord Berry Charles, coal miner, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Blauford James C. farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Mere- dosia Bonnett Samuel, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Brazil David, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Breidersein Andrew, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Meredosia Breneng John H., farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Mere- dosia BRIDGEMAN WIL.L.IAM H., farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenzville; dem.; lib.; born in Morgan Co., Sept. 15, 1852; mar- ried Feb. n, 1874, to Louisa Dunn, born in* Cass Co., 111., March 6, 1854. They have two children : Ida Matilda, born May 18, 1876 ; Laura, Aug. 24, 1877. His father, Franklin B., was born in Virginia. His grandfather, Hezekiah B., is now living in the Village of Concord, 111. Mr. W. H. B. is now starting into farming on the primitive plan, having a cabin in the woods, and living in the good old plan of early beginners. At present he farms only 20 acres. His cabin is in what is termed The Bluffs in this township 754 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Brockhaus Harmpn G., farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Concord Brockhaus Henry, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Bethel Brockhaus John H., farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Meredosia Brockhaus John W., farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Concord Brockhaus Sophia, widow Barney, Sec. 34, P.O. Bethel Brockhaus William H., farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Bethel "Brockhaus William H., farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord Brown George, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Mere- dosia BRYANT ALPHEUS, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia ; greenback party, formerly republican ; liberal in religion. Born April n, 1812, in Middlebury, Addi- son Co., Vt.; left there about 1847; occu- pation at this time farming; then went to Worcester, Mass., and engaged in the trade of making iron work on cotton machines; after eighteen months' service he got $2.25 a day. It was always sup- posed he had worked at this trade before, he succeeded so well. Worked here five years. In 1852 he farmed in different counties in New York; then went to Wis- consin, and then, in 1860, came to this county; married, May 26, 1861, Hannah Weeks, widow of Washington Weeks, born at Laurel Hill (place of Braddock's defeat), Pennsylvania. Her family name is Mans- . field; first married to Orvil Bushnel, then to Washington Weeks; at the age of two years she went to Ohio with her parents; left there at nineteen years of age, coming to Indiana, thence to this county in 1831, summer after " big snow;" has five children living: William Weeks, born Feb. 4, 1842; Orvil Bushnel, born in 1837, died in the war of the Rebellion, from wounds re- ceived during service; John L. Weeks, born Dec. I, 1847; George W. Weeks, Nov. 4, 1850; Thomas J. Weeks, Jan. 14, 1853; Benj. Franklin Weeks, Nov. 8, 1853. Mr. B. owns 120 acres, value 50 an acre, and 40 acres in Cass Co., swamp land Burrus Benjamin, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Burrus Thomas, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Burrus William, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Busher Henry, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Meredosia /BARTER JOHN T., farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Meredosia Chamberlain Albert, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia Chamberlain George, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia Chamberlain Phoebe, widow Samuel, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia COMER ANGENORA, wife of James Comer, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia ; she was born in Pike Co., Ohio, June 10, 1820 ; married in 1834 to David Hodges, by whom she has four children living : Elizabeth E. born in 1839, in Pike Co., Ohio ; Sarah J. married Harrison Lake, in this county; William Harrison (see biog- raphy in this township) ; Rebecca L. mar- ried Hobert Coborn, living in Jackson Co., Mo. ; married James Comer, in 1850, by whom she has one child, Franklin P. born Sept. 28, 1852, who was married Novem- ber, 1872, to Ella C. Knight, living in Can- ton, Mo. ; Mrs. Comer was raised in Pike Co., Ohio, and was married at the age of fourteen years. She came to this county in 1839. Her first husband died in 1848. Mrs. Comer's maiden name was Angenora Mc- Corkle; she first settled in a log cabin on her son's present farm on Illinois river bot- tom, in 1839. Mrs. Comer has charge of bringing up two children : Susan F. Sent- ney, born Jan. 18, 1864, and Charles Hard- in, born March 22, 1866. The girl was three years old when she was placed with Mrs. Comer, and the boy one and a half years old ; when she came to the Illinois Bottom, the country was very wild indeed ; brush and prairie grass was horse-head high ; fruit was a very scarce article ; from Bluffs to Meredosia, there was only a cabin on the Concord road Commer Frank, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Mere- dosia Commer James, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Mere- dosia COOK JAMES ROBERT, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia ; born in South Carolina, Dec. 10, 1848; left there in 1858, going to Atlanta, Ga. ; lived here until TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 12 WEST. 755 1860, then went to Mississippi, lived there one year ; then to Cairo, 111., and there en- listed April 3, 1861, in a Morgan Co. Reg- iment, Co. H, 32d Illinois Infantry ; was engaged in the following battles : Shiloh, Tennessee, Hatche's Bridge, Tennessee, where a charge was made by his company on abattery.Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, Ga., Lookout Mountain, Nick-a-jack Creek, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, and Columbus, Ga., Goldsboro, S. C. ; then went to Wash- ington, D. C., Louisville, Ky., St. Louis, Mo., Fort Leavenworth, Ark., Omaha, Salt Lake City, Utah, then back to Fort Leav- enworth, Ark., St. Joseph, Mo., Quincy, 111., discharged at Springfield, 111., Nov. 30, 1865 ; his father Cyrus was born in London, England, in 1796, died in Missis- sippi in 1861; his mother was Elizabeth Dejentry before her marriage ; born in Paris, France, died in Mississippi in 1848; seven children in his father's family ; Alsey, aged 49 years, married George W. Collier; John Jorden, aged 37 ; William, aged 35 ; Frank, aged 33; Nancy, aged 32, married William Stanton Cox Manton, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Crawford David, farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Bethel Crawford Thomas, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenz- ville Cundiff Alexander B. farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Cundiff Frances, wid. George, Sec. n, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Cundiff George A. C. farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Concord pvETERDING WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. *~* 10, P.O. Meredosia DeVries Klass A. shoemaker, Sec. 16, P.O. Meredosia Durandack Adam, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Mer- dosia Dye-he Eliza Jane, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co T7CKHOFF HENRY, farmer, Sec. 21, P. ^~** O. Meredosia Edelbrock John A. farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Bethel Egleston Eliphalet, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O.Con- cord Eilers George B. farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Bethel Engelbach Herman, farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Engelbaum Henry, farmer, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. T^EE ALEXANDER C. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Meredosia Fee Edward, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Meredosia FOBKAKEB JOHN JUSTICE, farmer and constable, Sec. 15, P.O. Meredosia; Greenback party; Christian church; born in Marion Co., Ohio, Oct. 19, 1848; left in 1859, going to Cumberland Co. with his parents. In this county he enlisted in Co. K, I43d Til. Infantry, May 16, 1864; discharged Sept. 26, 1864; en- gaged in a skirmish at Memphis, Tenn., while guarding a provision train. At Helena, Arkansas, he and his company passed most of their time while in service. From here he returned home. Married Oct. 14. 1874, to Louisa Friday, or in Ger- man Freitag, born in Germany, Aug. 18, 1853; have one child Ellen, born Jan. 17, 1875. His father, Joseph, was born in Hocking Co., Ohio, Jan. 29, 1820; his mother was Mary Ann Burgoon, born in Hocking Co., Ohio, Jan. 26, 1820; his grandfather, Joshua Foreaker, born in Pennsylvania; died in Cumberland Co., 111. His grandmother, Elizabeth Foreaker, died 1840. Father and mother now living at Mound Station, Brown Co., 111. Louisa, wife of J. J. Foreaker, was raised by Mr. William Post, justice of the peace of Sec. 15, and owing to this she speaks English only, although her parents speak German and very little English. His grandfather, James Burgoon, died in Hocking County, Ohio, in 1860. His grandmother. Mrs. James Burgoon, died in 1877 Foreaker John, farmer, Sec. 13, P O. Con- cord Fox Hugh, coal miner, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Frock John, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Frohutter Charles, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Meredosia Fricke William, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Mere- dosia f~* AEBEL HENRY, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. ^-^^ Meredosia 756 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Gelbert Henry, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Con- cord Gelbert James, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord Goffinet Matthias F. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Meredosia GRAHAM LOREXZO D. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 8, P.O. Meredosia; Dem.; Meth. Episcopal; born in Sussex County, Maryland, Oct. 2, 1806; at the age of six years he went to Ohio with his parents, remaining until about 1830, when he came to this county, making one crop the summer before the deep snow, a time he well remembers; settled on his present farm the spring after the deep snow, making him one of the early settlers of this county; he is one of the wealthiest farmeis in the county; married Oct. 25, 1827, to Elizabeth Newman; second wife is Caroline Newman, whom he married April 17, 1873; has five children by his first wife: Laurana, born Aug. 15, 1828, married to Philip Corcorn, farmer, living on Indian Creek, Cass County, 111.; Nancy Ann, born July 28, 1833, died June 20, 1853; was then wife of Mr. Van Pool; George W., born July 18, 1837, married Elizabeth Lusk; Elizabeth Amanda, wife of M. F. Andre (see his record); Martha Jane, born June 29, 1846, married Henry Hysinger, merchant at St. Louis, Mo.; have one child: Albert, born Oct., 1875; William L., born Sept. 6, 1849, died in infancy; has two children by his second wife: Benjamin L., born Sept. 23, 1874, and an infant girl, born Jan. 10, 1878; his father, George, was born in Maryland; his mother was Henrietta Willis, also born in Maryland; Mr. Graham has held the offices of road master and school director TT ACKMAN WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 3, L P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. HALE ISAAC, farmer. Sec. 31, P.O. Meredosia; Dem.; Baptist; born in Han- cock County, Ky.,Aug. 24, 1823; was there until 1845, farming; came to Cass County, 111., in 1845; engaged in farming; lived one year in Schuyler County in 1846; in 1847, he returned to Cass County, staying there until the Spring of 1859; then went to Saline County, Mo.; stayed there until Oct., 1861, when he settled in Morgan County, and has lived here ever since; tnlisted March, 1865, in Co. K, 28th Regt. 111. Inft.; was ordered to Cairo, and went down the Mississippi River to Mobile, Ala., thence to the border of Mexico, as a troop of observatio > on the Rio Grande; they started by gulf steamer from Mobile, July 2, 1865, going across the Gulf of Mexico; Christmas day he started, having obtained permission to return home, going down the Rio Grande; married January 9, 1845, to Lurissa Jane Lake, in Hancock County, Ky.; she was born Nov. 21, 1821, in Perry County, Indiana; is a member of the M.E. Church; they have seven children -living: Minor P , born July 28, 1846, married Fannie Kessler; Mary C. born Sept. 7, 1849, married Dec. 23, 1872, to C. W. Hyde; Martha J., born June 10, 1853, married Aug. 6, 1873, to Milton Sibert; William J-., born Sept. 12, 1855; Israel L., born Oct. 7, 1857; Charles T., born Dec. 13 1859; Harriet Ann, born Sept. 16, 1862; David H., born Oct. 14, 1851, died July 6, 1852; holds the office of school director Hale Minor P. farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Mer- edosia Ham Andrew M. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O.Con- cord Ham John A. farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Bethel Ham Milton, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Hamilton William, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Meredosia Harris Samuel, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Mer- edosia Heffner Joseph, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Heintz Frank, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O Concord Hemminghaus John F. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Meredosia Hemminghaus John H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Meredosia Henderson Francis M. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Concord Hewlitt Kit, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel HODGES WILLIAM HARRI- SON, farmer. Sec. 18, P.O. Meredosia ; liberal ; born in this section on farm now owned by Jeremiah Seibert, Nov. 15, 1844 ; lived in this county all his life with the exception of living in Lewis Co., Missouri, where he was in 1870-71-72, returning in 1873. Married Oct. 8, 1865, to Annie M., Sawrey, born in Fayette Co., Illinois, June 4, 1848 ; have one child, William Franklin, TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 12 WEST. 757 born July 24, 1866, and have a boy whom they raised, Jacob Sentney. now eighteen years of age, seven years old when taken by them. David, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Pennsylvania, Nov. 15, 1810 ; his wife was Angenora Mc- Corkle, born in Pike Co., Ohio, June 10, 1822. They were married in 1834. She is now the wife of James Comer, living in this township. She came here in 1839, and is one of the early settlers ; she remem- bers when the beautiful Illinois bottom was one unbroken prairie, covered with wild growth of prairie grass. The father of Angenora McCorkle, William, born in Vir- ginia, Feb. 4, 1771, died Oct. 22, 1852. His wife was Dorcas M. Hubs, born in Maryland. Mrs. William H. Hodges' parents ar- Arthur L. Sawrey, born in Tennessee; his wife, Lucinda C. Andrews, born in Tennessee ; her grand-parents are Henry Sawrey, his wife, Mary Sher- rod ; her grand-parents on her mother's side are Samuel Andrews, and his wife, Kitturiah Dunigan. Arthur L. Sawrey's family consisted of the following children : William H., living at Canton, Mo. ; Lewis S., dead ; Ollie G., living at Canton, Mo. ; Thomas, dead; Annie, wife of W. H. Hodges Hofstetter Daniel, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Meredosia Holscher August K. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Meredosia Holscher William L. farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Meredosia Hoover John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Concord Huddleson Francis, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia Huddleson John, farmer, Sec. 30. P.O. Mere- dosia Huddleson Osero, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia Huddleson Sylvester, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia JOHNSON ALEXANDER, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 15, P.O. Meredosia; also director of Farmers Mutual Fire and Lightning Ins. Co. of Jacksonville, member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, of which he was ruling elder for a number of years; born in Barren Co. Ky., Oct. 24, 1819; married Feb. 24, 1842, to Ann Long, born in Knox Co., Tenn., June 23, 1824; have three children living: Thomas W., farmer and stock raiser, Jefferson County, Iowa, P.O. Fairfield; born March 27, 1843, married Oct. 27, 1867, to Mary E. Harris; enlisted Aug. 1862, in Co. B, xoist Illinois Infantry; has three children; Finas M., born March 26, 1845, married Thanksgiv- ing day, 1875, to Mary E. Gatewood; have one child, Orange W., born June 19, 1877; he is an ordained minister, and pastor of two congregations in Story County, Iowa; resides at Nevada, the county seat; Elbert H., born Aug. 6, 1847, married Ann Leeper, of Brown Co., 111.; have four chil- dren: Clara, Amanda, John A., and Joseph H., all living in this township; William A., born Dec. 24, 1859, died July 14, 1873; was drowned while fishing on Indian Creek; Mr. Johnson was living at that time in Arenzville, Cass Co., 111.; this boy was at the time of his death an universal favorite, because of his good character and disposition, and his death was mourned by all, being one of the saddest accidents on record; Mr. A. Johnson was engaged in farming all his life; at the age of ten years, his parents left Kentucky, and settled in this county; he commenced tending his father's farm in 1842, and had the care until 1847; then he purchased a farm, on which he. broke up, having all kinds of ill luck; his best horse was gored to death by a bull, and all his cattle and horses died, leaving only one two-year-old colt; this he traded off for a work horse, and borrowed another from his parents, having sold all his land which he had only partly paid for; he started in the world with only a team left; sickness in the family added its share at the time; now he is a well-to- do farmer, and all his children married and doing well; he owns 2O2 acres of land, and is worth about $20,000; his father, Reuben Johnson, was born in Virginia, March 25, 1778; his wife was Martha Hall, born in Virginia, Feb. r, 1787; they went to Chris- tian Co., Kentucky, where thev were mar- ried, then to Barren Co., Ky., and in November, 1829, settled in Morgan Co , 111., one and one-half miles north of the present village of Concord; here he made the first entry of land made in T. 16 N, R. 12 West; and died there in Februarj, 1856; his wife, after his death, went to Jef- 758 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. ferson Co., Iowa, to live with her daughter, Sarah A. Smith, and one Sunday, while she, her daughter, and son-in-law, were driving to church, the team ran away, kill- ing both Mrs. Johnson and her daughter; she died inside of three days, and her daughter in half an hour after the accident; Mr. Smith himself badly injured; this hap- pened in June, 1870; Mrs. Alexander Johnson's father, Henry Long, born in Knox Co., Tenn., Sept. 24, 1794, died April 20, 1877; his wife, Nancy Gadberry, born in Kentucky, July n, 1801; their children are: Mary, born July n, 1822, married John F. Long, deceased; Ann, wife of A. Johnson; Jane, born Dec. 7, 1826, now Mrs. Washington Filey, P.O. Desire, Reno Co., Kansas; John D., born Jan. 10, 1828; killed by accidentally shoot- ing himself, Aug. 1856; Emarine, born March 26, 1831, wife of Frank Raybon, living in this township; Chiistena, born Aug. 24, 1833, wife of L. J. Wallick, living at Arenzville, Cass Co , 111.; Nancy, born Dec. 24. 1835, widow of John Raybon, liv- ing at Concord, 111.; Melinda E., born Sept. 5, 1838, wife of Dr. W. B. Wriggler, of Arenzville, Cass Co., 111.; Tabitha, born Nov. 2, 1842, wife of E. P. Naylor, living in this township Johnson Alexander, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord Johnson Elbert H. farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Johnson Frank, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Mere- dosia Johnson John W. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Con- cord T/-EISER HENRY, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. T AKE AARON, farmer and black- smith, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia ; born in Cass County, 111., Aug. 29, 1835, six miles northeast of Meredosia, where he lived until his twentieth year ; came to this county in 1855; has lived here since. He follows farming and blacksmithing for a living; runs a corn sheller and wood saw. He was married 1857 to Sarah Bosseck, who was born in Montgomery County, Ind., April 15, 1840; have six children living : Nellie, born Jan. 5, 1859; Elizabeth, born Feb. n, 1861; Hattie, born May 31, 1863; Laura, born Sept. 21, 1865; Effie, born April 27, 1867; George, born April 17, 1877. They lost three children: Hannah, born Oct. 9, 1870, died in infancy; Mary, born Sept. 8, 1872, died Oct. 27, 1874; Artist, born Feb. 8, 1875, died Feb. 8, 1876. His father, Lindsay Lake, was married seven times : Milly Carter, first wife ; sec- ond wife, Jane Langdon, widow; third wife, Caroline Evans; fourth wife, Dorothy Hat- field, widow; fifth wife, t Sarah Bruce, widow; sixth wife, Lizzie Bigelow; seventh wife, Susan Bond, widow Lake Jesse, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Meredosia Lamb John, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Langford Lewis, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Long Anna, widow Nicholas, Sec. II, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Long Conrad, farmer. Sec. 2, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Long David, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Concord Long George, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Long Milton, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Long Nancy, widow Henry, Sec. 13, P.O, Arenzville, Cass Co. Long Peru, widow John, Sec. 13, P.O. Con- cord Long William R. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Con- cord TV/TADDOX GEORGE S. farmer, ***- Sec. 29, P.O. Meredosia ; born in Ma- dison County, Ohio, April I, 1852; married Aug. 1875, to Gabraellen Lake, born Jan. 5,1859, in this county; have one child, born Jan. 16, 1878, named William Aaron. Mr. Maddox came to this State when one year old, and to this county 1876 ; he was raised in Scott Co. His father, William, was born in Ohio, and came to this county in 1853; his wife was Nancy J. Webb, born in Ohio. Mrs. Maddox's father and mother are Aaron Lake and Sarah Bosseck ; he was born in Illinois, she in Indiana. Mr. Maddox had two brothers in the army dur- ing the rebellion, David and Lewis ; they enlisted in Co. F, I2gth 111. Inf. Owns 60 acres land, value, $30 an acre Mansfield Edward, farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Mere- dosia TOWS 14 NORTH RANGE 12 WEST. 759 Mansfield William, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Bethel Mathews Isaac N. farmer. Sec. 8, P.O. Mere- dosia Mathews Susanah, widow Isaac, Sec. 8, P.O. Meredosia Mayes Henry, farmer. Sec. 5, P.O. Meredosia May Nancy, widow Humphrey, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. McLain William, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. McPherson Adolphus A. farmer and teacher, Sec. 32. P.O. Meredosia Morrison Robert C. farmer, Sec. 13, P.O Concord Moss Nelson J. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel MUNTMAN JOHN FREDE- RICK, farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 19, P.O. Meredosia; Rep.; Lib.; born in Han- over, Germany, May 15, 1828; left Ger- many at the age of thirteen years, Oct. 10, 1841. From New Orleans, by Mississippi steamer, he came to Beardstown; then worked for Mr. Aaron Parker in this county for $8 a month seven years. Then rented 30 acres from Mr. S. Parker; purchased 40 acres in 1861, and bought land from time to time; now owns 165 acres, value about $35 per acre; his farm and house are ex- cellent. Married Nov. 23, 1852, Elizabeth Moore, born in Cass Co., 111., Dec. 1 1, 1836; her father, Reuben Moore, was one of the oldest settlers in Cass Co., he died in 1838; her mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Lake ; she was born in Indiana. Mr. Muntman's mother is living in Belleville, St. Clair Co., 111., aged seventy-eight years, she was born in Nov. 1799, maiden name Annie Marie Tieman. Mr. and Mrs. Munt- man have six children : Sarah E. Ellen, born Aug. 17, 1854; William Albert, March I, 1857; Anna Marie, April 7, 1861; Levi Thomas, May 19, 1867; John Frederick, May 4, 1869; Charles Henry, Dec. 19, 1872 Muntman William Albert, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia Murphy Charles, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Con- cord Mush John, farmer, Sec. 8, P.O, Meredosia "M" AYLOR EDWARD P. farmer, Sec. 19, - 1 - P.O. Meredosia Naylor Henry P. farmer, Sec. 19, P.O. Mere- dosia Naylor Thomas, farmer, Sec. 9, P.O. Mere- dosia Neighnah Henry, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Mere- dosia Neighnah William, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Meredosia Northrup George, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Bethel Northrup Herman, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Meredosia /^\MMEN DEITRICK, farmer, Sec. 33, ^ P.O. Bethel Ommen J. H. farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Bethel Ommen O. J. farmer, Sec. 21, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. OERBIX GEORGE, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Bethel Pond Carl, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Concord POST JOHN M. farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Meredosia; dem; lib; born in Morgan Co. on this section, April 19, 1844 ; married Sept. 14, 1870, to Mary E. Ray, born in Logan Co., Jan. 13, 1847. Has two chil- dren by her : Lawrence, born March 20, 1873, died Sept. 18, 1873; Ellen, born July 8, 1871. MaryE. Ray died March 28, 1873. Married again Dec. 29, 1874, to Louisa Pankey, born in Morgan Co., March 14, 1854. Has two children by her : Esther, born Sept. 14, 1875 ; Phoebe, born Sept. I, 1877. Enlisted in the Spring of 1862, in Co. K, 27th 111. Vol. Inf.; engaged in fol- lowing battles : Belmont, Mo., Fort Don- aldson, Farmington, Miss., Corinth, Miss., luka, Miss. Discharged and re-enlisted in the regular army, at Nashville, Tenn., in Co. G, 4th U. S. cavalry ; was in following engagements : Stone River, Oakaloony, Miss., Winchester, Tenn., Sa- lem, Tenn., Lookout Mountain, Mission- ary Ridge, Chattanooga. Was taken priso- ner at or between Winchester and Salem. Was imprisoned in following prisons : Lib- by, Richmond, Va., Belle Island, in James River, Andersonville, Blackshire, Florence, and Charleston ; her*, he was exchanged, and returned to his regiment, first having been paroled. Was in one more fight, Macon, Ga., after returning to his regiment. Discharged Dec. 25, 1865. His father, William Post, has held the office of justice of the peace forty years, with exception of three years while residing at Jacksonville, 760 MOR'GAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. and while there he held the office of deputy sheriff, in 1858; during his past life he also held the offices of deputy assessor, school treasurer, and school director. He was born in Warwick, Orange Co., N. Y., Jan. 27, 1802 ; married twice ; first wife was Phoebe McConnel, born Oct. 23, 1804; second wife, Elizabeth McGee, born June 12, 1809, died in 1877. First wife's chil- dren are : Harriet, married James Allan ; Mary Ann, married Dr. L. H. Galloway ; Ellen, died July 26, 1834; Esther, married Perry Craig ; Marrilla, married George El- liot ; and John M., born April 19, 1844. No children by his second wife. Politics, Greenback party POWERS WILLIAM, farmer, Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia, born Nova Scotia, May 30, 1822; married March 23, 1851, to Me- hale Jane Warner, who was born in Put- nam Co., Ind., March 6, 1836. Have eight children living : Sarah E., born N.ov. 20, 1852 ; Katie M., born Aug. 18, 1856; Pat- rick William, born July 18, 1858 ; John Wesley, born Oct. 8, 1860 ; Edwin J., born Dec. 8, 1862 ; Samuel B., born March 14, 1865; Francis, born May 12, 1869; Julia Belle, born July 28, 1871; lost three: Walter, born Sept. 24, 1874, died in infan- cy; Margaret Jane, born Sept. 8, 1857, died Aug. 8, 1877 ; Mary M., born April 18, 1855, died in infancy. Mr. Powers was born in Nova Scotia, and as far as he re- members, he lived in Philadelphia in in- fancy. Then went to Ohio where he worked on a farm until he was 22 years-old. Then in 1844, he removed to this county. Has lived here since ; owns 40 acres of land, value $1,200. He is doing well here Pulse Seibrand, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Mere- dosia Pultze Christopher, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Mer- edosia O ATLIFF ROBERT, farmer. Sec. n. P. ** O. Concord Raybon Franklin, farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Rea Samuel, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Redshaw Joseph, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Bethel REXROAT JAMES M. farmer, and dealer in stock, Sec. 13, P.O. Concord; rep.; M.E.; born in Morgan Co., nine miles north of Jacksonville, March 26, 1840; married July 3, 1867, to Sarah E. Morri- son, born Sept. I, 1849, daughter of John Morrison, of this section. Has two chil- dren : Charles E., born Oct. 23, 1869 ; Co- ra M., Nov. I, 1871. Held the office of school director three years 1866-7-8. Owns 206 acres, value about $10,300 Rickers John, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Meredo- sia Rohlfs Henry, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Rogge Henry, farmer, Sec. 6, P.O. Meredosia Roglin Theodore, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Mer- edosia Rose John, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Meredosia Ruswinkel John H. farmer, Sec. 16, P.O. Meredosia CCHLICKER J. BARNEY, farmer, Sec. 17, P.O. Meredosia Shoemaker Barney, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Bethel Shoemaker John, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Bethel Short Samuel, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Meredo- sia Sibert Milton, farmer, Sec, 17, P.O. Meredo- sia Slicker Barney, farmer. Sec. 20, P.O. Mere- dosia Smith John H. farmer. Sec. 33, P.O. Bethel Sumpter William, farmer, Sec. 5, P.O. Mere- dosia "~PAYLOR EDMUND P. farmer, sec. 13, P.O. Concord Tholan Frederick, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Bethel Tholan George H. farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Bethel Tholan Henry F. farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Mer- edosia Tholan Herman, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Mer- edosia Thompson Ede, wid. John, Sec. 20, P.O. Meredosia Thompson James, farmer, Sec. 32, P.O. Mer- edosia Thompson Phoebe A. wid. R., Sec. 29, P.O. Meredosia Tiemann Jacob, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Bethel 1'obiason Barney, farmer, Sec. 31, P.O. Mer- edosia . Truiett William, farmer, Sec. 4, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. TOWN 14 NORTH RANGE 12 -WEST. 761 WANCE JOSEPH, school teacher, Sec. V 26, P.O. Bethel \1TAGERHOFT HENRY, farmer, Sec. * * II, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. Warlike Frederick H., pastor Evang. Luth. Church, Sec. 27, P.O. Bethel Weeks Thomas J., farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Meredosia Weiser Nicholas, farmer. Sec. 22, P.O. Mere- dosia Weiser Phillip, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Mere- dosia Werris George, farmer, Sec. 20, P.O. Mere- dosia Werris William, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Bethel Wholast Margaret, widow Martin, Sec. 20, P.O. Meredosia Whorten George W., farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Concord Whorten John T., farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Concord Whorten Michael L., farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Concord Wilday Alexander, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Wilday Alexander, farmer, Sec. 18, P.O. Meredosia Wilday Charles, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Arenz- ville, Cass Co. Wolford Elizabeth, widow Jacob, Sec. 35, P.O. Chapin Wolford George, farmer, Sec. 35, P.O. Chapin WORDING LUDWICK, farmer, Sec. 29, P.O. Meredosia VAHN PETER, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Arenzville, Cass Co. BUSINESS CARDS. LAKE AARON, farmer and black- smith, does all kinds of work on farm implements; runs a corn sheller and circu- lar wood-saw. Sec. 30, P.O. Meredosia, Morgan Co., 111. BEXBOAT JAMES M., farmer, stock raiser, and dealer in stock of all kinds, Sec. 13, P.O. Concord, 111. TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 13 WEST. A LBERS HENRY, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Meredosia Albers John W., farmer, Sec. 34, P.O. Mere- dosia Albers William, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Mere- dosia ANDERSON JAMES, operator, was born in Boyle Co., Ky., Feb. 12, 1865, and came to Springfield, 111.; was engineer in a furniture factory for six years; in 1371 came to Meredosia; was engineer for five years; since that time has been both oper- ator and engineer; was married to Miss Carrie Conway, June 9, 1874. She was born in Missouri, Sept. 20, 1859, died Nov. 22, 1877; was buried in Meredosia. Had one son, Harry Monroe, born Oct. 31, 1877. Mr. Anderson is a member of the Method- ist Church, and is a strong temperance man Arnett J. W., renter. Sec. 23, P.O. Meredosia Arnold Henry, miller, Meredosia Augustine Charles W., farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Meredosia T) ALDWIN JOHN, was born in Me- Lean Co., 111., in 1837; was raised on a farm; went to Mason Co. in 1842; was one of the earliest settlers of that county; was in the civil war for three years and one month; enlisted in the 23d Missouri Vol. Infantry; was honorably discharged in 1865; went to Cass Co. and bought a farm; was there a few years, then sold out and located in Meredosia, where he still resides; was married in 1857 to Miss Clark, of Monroe Co.; has property valued at 2,500 Bane George, renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Meredosia Bangan Peter, lumber merchant, Meredosia Beauchamp E. H., farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Meredosia Beauchamp Geo. N., farmer, Sec. 26, P.O. Meredosia Berdick Thos., carpenter, Meredosia Blacksiun Thos. W., teamster, Meredosia Bowyer John, laborer, Meredosia BRACKENBURY OSCAR, was born in Pike Co., 111., in 1854; followed farming for several years; came to Mere- dosia in 1875, and learned the carpenter trade with his father, who still lives in this place; has two brothers and two sisters: Charles, George W., Emma, and Mary Jane. Charles was married in 1876 to Miss Lizzie Reid. His father was born on Long Island Sound, New York; came to Mere- dosia in 1875 Brunker Henry, farm hand, P.O. Meredosia Burrus G., farmer, Sec. 36, P.O. Meredosia But' on John, wagon maker, Meredosia Baldwin J. fisherman, Meredosia Baldwin I. W. minister, Meredosia Beosch Henry, farm hand, Sec. I, P.O. Mere- dosia Beosch Henry H. retired, Sec. 10, P.O. Mere- dosia Bowls Samuel, fisherman, Meredosia Brackenburg Oscar, carpenter, Meredosia Bruce William M. farm hand, Sec. 36, P.O. Meredosia Butcher A. A. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Mere- dosia Butcher Joseph, farm hand, Sec. 23, P.O. Meredosia Butcher R. jr. Sec. 23, P.O. Meredosia Buhnell N. C. groceries and hardware, Meredosia /CARVER J. H. dry goods and gro- ceries ; was born in Hamilton Co., Ohio, Oct. 12, 1821 ; in 1863, came to Naples, 111., and followed farming for several years, going from Naples to Ohio again ; returned to Illinois in 1848, and commenced clerk- ing; in 1858 commenced the mercantile business ; came to Meredosia in 1859, and established the business he is now engaged in; was married in 1848, to Miss Elmira Kellogg ; had two children : George (de- ceased) and Royal ; his wife died in 1854; was buried in Naples, 111.; he was again married, to Miss Katie S. Steel ; by this marriage there were three children born : Katie B., Lillian (deceased), and Harry (deceased) TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 13 WEST. 763 Carver Royal, clerk, Meredosia Colbart Jessie, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Mere- dosia Cook G. D. farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Mere- dosia Crawford James, laborer, Meredosia Crawford John, saloon, Meredosia Curran Edward, R.R. sec. boss, Meredosia S F. N. blacksmith, Meredosia * - ' Davis Green, renter, Sec.25, P.O. Mere- dosia DETTMEB HENRY, cigar store, Meredosia, 111. Was born in Germany April b, 1845. Came to Beardstown, 111., and commenced business in May, 1877. Came to and located in Meredosia in the Fall of 1877, and established the business he is now engaged in. Was married May 12, 1870, to Anna Staleckelbreck. Have two children, Henry and Emma Diltz Lyman, carpenter, Meredosia Doran J. T. photographer, Meredosia Doyle James, retired saloon keeper, Mere- dosia Doyle Jas. C. carpenter, Meredosia DUBBEL, WIL.L.IAM, farmer, Sec.2, P.O. Meredosia. Born in Germany, April IO, 1848. Came to Cass County in 1858, and to this county in 1873. Owns 80 acres, valued at $3,000. Married Ellen Wilker in 1870, who was born in Germany, May 10, 1849. Have two children: Henry, born January 26, 1872, and Frederick, September 26, 1875 FITZGERALD T. J. merchant, Meredosia Dunn Benj. R.R. bridge watcher, Meredosia T^DMUNDSON H. laborer, Meredosia ^"** Evemayer Frederick, farmer, Sec. 10, P.O. Meredosia T^ EE A. C. farmer, Meredosia Fittinger Jas. R.R. bridge watcher, Meredosia Fitzgerald J. T. saloon, Meredosia Freeman Wm. R.R. laborer, Meredosia S~* AM IN JACOB, engineer Pike's ele- ^"^ vator, Meredosia Geiss Edward F. clerk, Meredosia GEISS GEORGE, baker and grocer Was born in Germany, May 6, 1831, Came to Beardstown, 111., in 1851. Was there about one year, after which he came to Morgan County and followed farming for several years. In 1868 moved to Meredosia and commenced the business that he is now engaged in. Was married in 1855 to Miss Mary Dettmer, born in Germany. Have five children, four boys and one girl : Edward, born January 6, 1856 ; Charles, born July 6, 1860 ; Henry, born December 6, 1866; Albert, born March 20, 1869 ; Emma, born November 29, 1871. Are all now living entry Jeremiah, plasterer, Meredosia Gimming Jacob, lab. Meredosia GRAHAM GEO. W. of the firm of Hysinger & Graham, was born July 18, 1837, in Morgan Co. ; was raised on a farm. His father emigrated to this county in 1828, from Ohio; was one of the pioneer settlers of Jacksonville ; lived near Jack- sonville until after the winter of the deep snow ; then went to the Illinois bottom, and entered land in T. 16, R. 12; gradually accumulated land to his original possession, and is still living at the old homestead. At the age of eighteen Mr. Graham entered McKendree College, teaching school dur- ing the vacation ; was engaged in teaching in the county for several years up to 1864. Married Miss Elizabeth E. Lusk, daughter of Hon. Edward Lusk, of this place, he being one of the oldest settlers in this county. Have five children living, two boys and three girls : Mary, Sal'rancis, Anna Florence, Geo. Augustus, Julian, and Elma Grace. Farmed for three years after marriage, then formed a partnership with Mr. Hysinger; is still engaged in the business. The business has been successful Greaser Andy, R.R. laborer TTALE WILLIAM J. farmer, Sec. 36, ^* P.O. Meredosia Hamman Frederick, farmer, Meredosia Hamman George, renter, Sec. 24, P.O. Mere- dosia Hantel Edward Rev. minister Lutheran Church, Meredosia Harlan J. Mon, drug store, Meredosia Harker J. E. Prof, school teacher, Meredosia Harman Andrew, farmer, Meredosia Harman Fred, farmer, Meredosia Harmel Edward, laborer Meredosia 764 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Harmel Wm. farmer, Meredosia Harmen Wm. farmer, Meredosia Hatfield Bird, carpenter, Meredosia Hatfield F. C. carpenter, Meredosia Hatfield Joseph W. wagon maker, Meredosia HEINZ CHAS. was born in Germany, Jan. 20, 1828. He came to Arenzville, 111., and followed the occupation of cooper till 1845, when he removed to Beardstown, 111, where he learned the blacksmith trade. He served in a cavalry company, mostly made up in Schuyler Co., during the entire Mexican war ; at the close of the war, in 1849, he settled in Meredosia, 111., where he engaged in blacksmithing and plow manufacturing, which business he still fol- lows. He was a member of the loist Regt., I. V. I., which he served eight months, ranking First Lieutenant. He resigned, but afterward served as First Lieutenant of Co. K, Twenty-eighth Regt. I. V. I. about one year, till the close of the war. Was married to Elizabeth Anderson, of Missouri, in 1850. Have six children : Carrie, Louise, Frank, Ella, Charles, and Mary. As a good citizen and excellent mechanic, Mr. Heinz is esteemed by a large circle of friends and patrons Heinz Frank, clerk, Meredosia Hellencamp C. renter, Sec. 10, P.O. Meredosia Heniphan Thomas, farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Meredosia Hesencarnp Wm. carpenter, Meredosia Hillig Frederick, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Mere- dosia Hinners Claus, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Mere- dosia Hinners John, farmer, Sec. 14, P.O. Mere- dosia Hobrock Henry, farmer, Sec. 15, P.O. Mere- dosia Hodges John J. renter, Sec. 27, P.O. Mere- dosia Hodges Thomas, farmer, Sec. 27, P.O. Mere- dosia HYATT THOMAS, renter, Sec. 15, P.O. Meredosia; rep; Chris; born in Green Co., Pennsylvania, July 19, 1844; came to this county in 1854; he enlisted in Co. B, Twenty-seventh I. V. I., Feb. 18, 1862, and was discharged March 2, 1865 ; was in ten engagements ; was wounded in the battle of Peach Tree Creek ; married in St. Louis, March 18, 1865, to Sarah A. Williams, who was born in Boone Co., 111., Jan. 16, 1846. They have four children : Mary E., William H., Thomas C., Martha L., living, and one, George S., dead Hyde C. W; renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Meredosia Hyde J. Mrs. farms, S*. 36, P.O. Meredosia JACK T. W. captain ferry boat, Meredosia James Geo. retired farmer, Meredosia James Geo. W. city marshal, Meredosia T/'EIER JOHN, blacksmith, Meredosia ^ Kiel Ernest, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Meredosia Kiel Henry, farm hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Mere- dosia Kimbrell N. L. renter, Sec. 25. P.O. Mere- dosia Kingston Charles, renter, Sec. 12, P.O. Mere- dosia Krams Casper, retired, Sec. 14, P.O. Mere- dosia Kreuger Henry, farmer, Sec. i, P.O. Mere- dosia Krier John, laborer, Meredosia Kuelcher H. tinner, Meredosia Kuhlmann Henry, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Mere- dosia I" AKE FRANK, livery stable, Meredosia Lake H. farmer. Sec. 3, P.O. Meredosia Lake H. L. teamster, Meredosia Lake Israel, retired farmer, Meredosia Lane John, renter, Sec. 24, P.O. Meredosia Laughney Chas. hardware, Meredosia Launer Charles, farmer, Sec. II, P.O. Mere- dosia Lawton James, barber, Meredosia LEONHARD JOHN M. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Meredosia. Born in Germany, Aug. 4, 1840; came to this country in 1844, and to this county 1867; owns I2o acres of land, valued at $6,000; married in 1865, to Julia Riman, who was born in this county, 1847; have five children : Frank H., Lizzie M., Charles H., Morris W., Louise A. Lionhart Hartman, renter, Sec. 13, P.O. Meredosia Leslie A. J. carpenter, Meredosia Lewinston M. S. L. tailor, Meredosia LOLLIS D. H. judge of the county court. Residence Meredosia Lusk Edward, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Mere- dosia TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 13 WEST. 765 Lusk E. E. jr. lives with his father, Sec. 24, P.O. Meredosia Lukemeyer & Bro. boots and shoes, Mere- dosia Lutkemyer George, deals in boots and shoes, Meredosia Lutkemyer John, shoemaker, Meredosia Lyon C. K. city clerk, Meredosia TX/TARSH HENRY, farmer, Sec. 2, P.O. Meredosia May Chas. laborer, Meredosia May Charles, shoemaker, Meredosia McCAULIFF ALEXANDER, en- gineer, Meredosia; dem; Cath; born in the city of New York, Jan. 14, 1855; came to this county with his parents in 1873, who were born in Ireland; he has three brothers and five sisters living McCallister Thomas, farmer, Sec. 13, P.O. Meredosia McCaullif Dennis, fireman and engineer, Meredosia McFurson George, farm hand, Sec. 24, P.O. Meredosia McGINNIS DAVID L,. druggist, Meredosia. Born in Jacksonville, 111, July I, 1851, came to this town March 15, 1876; married Miss Mary Gough, Nov. n, 1873, who was born in Northampton, Mass., March 17, 1855; have one child: Mabel, born Sept. 7, 1875 McPherson Joseph, laborer, Meredosia Meyer Henry, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Meredosia Miller Fredrick, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Mere- dosia Miller J. R. editor Meredosia Monitor, Mere- dosia Miller John, farmer, Meredosia Miller John F., renter, Sec. 22, P.O. Mer- edosia Miller William, farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Mer- edosia Miller William H. Sec. 3, P.O. Meredosia Morrison Charles, harnessmaker, Meredosia Moultray George W. blacksmith, Meredosia TVJICHOLS E. F. renter, Sec, 14, P.O. Meredosia Nunn John, renter, Sec. 22, P.O. Meredosia pANKEY N. farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Meredosia PARKER H. J. DR. Was born in Marion County, Wis., in 1845; his father K 2 emigrated to Ohio, from the State of Mary- land, in 1844, and engaged in farming, and being a great friend of education, em- braced every opportunity to school his children; the Dr. therefore received a liberal education, though not without his own exertions, and is what might be termed a self-made man; he took a regular academic course at " Van Renselaer " Academy, situated ten miles west of Han- nibal, Mo., and commenced the study of medicine at the age of twenty; he gradu- ated at the Missouri " Medical College," in March, 1870; was one of the few who passed a satisfactory examination at the end of the first term, and consequently received from the faculty a certificate of qualification, and commenced the practice of his profession in 1869. one year previous to his graduation; he practiced in Clinton County, 111., until 1874, when, in conse- quence of his father's ill health, he removed to Hannibal, where he was, in 1875, appointed to the office of City Physician, which position he held one year; while in Hannibal he assisted in the organization of the " Hannibal Society of Moralists," and delivered the opening address before that society, on the 7th day of November, 1875; a chain of causes and circumstance, unnec- essary to mention here, induced him to leave the State of his choice, and to locate in Meredosia, September, 1877; the Dr. has a wife and three children, having married, in 1870, a daughter of Louis Busby, of Montgomery City, Mo., and formerly of Ky.; his wife is a sister of the Rev. William P. Busby, of Hannibal, Mo. Perry N. W. farmer, Meredosia Pike J. L. grain dealer, Meredosia PLANK JOHN H. farmer on Sec. 14, lives in Meredosia; was born in Missouri, April n, 1841; came to this county in 1858; he enlisted in 1861, in the I4th Regt. I. V. I., Co. A, and served three years; he married in 1864, Julia Webster, who was born in this county, in 1843, and who died in 1868; he had two children by her, both of whom died; he married again, in 1869, to Sarah Blackstun; was born in Jacksonville, 111., in 1847; they have four children, three living, and one dead Powers John, farm hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Mer- edosia 766 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. Powers William, farm hand, Sec. 13, P.O. Meredosia QUELCH GEORGE F. stone mason Meredosia Quintal J. H. harness maker, Meredosia TD EA J. A. DR. physician, Meredosia ** Reagle William M. farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Meredosia Reyland E. E. L. harness shop, Meredosia Rhea Robert, farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Meredosia BIEMAN C. C. miller City Mills, Meredosia Rieman Frank, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Mere- desia RIEMAST H. W. miller, Meredosia. In 1863 his father, Francis Rieman (deceased), established the business ; after his death his son, H. W. Rieman, bought the mill and continued the business ; was married in 1872 to Miss Louise Moeller, born in Missouri in 1854. Mr. R. died in the Fall of 1872; was buried in honor by the Ma- sonic order of Meredosia, of which he was a member for ten years; was also a promi- nent member of the I.O.O.F; had one child, Frances (deceased); his brother, C. C. Rieman, is now owner of the mill Rieman William, farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Mere- dosia Roe Jeremiah, teamster, Meredosia Rogge William, , farmer, Sec. 3, P.O. Mere- dosia C AVAGE JOHN, butcher, Meredosia Savage W. E. butcher, Meredosia Samuels John, retired, Sec. I, P.O. Meredosia SAMUELS J. S. farmer, Sec. 12, P.O. Meredosia; born in Virginia, Dec. 21, 1823; came to this county in 1857; owns 160 of land, valued at $12,000; was married May 23, 1850, to Henriette M. Breiden- stein, who was born in ^Germany, Nov. 5, 1832; he enlisted in the 115th 111. Vol. Infty., Co. I, as first lieutenant, Aug., 19, 1862, and resigned in 1863, on account of sickness; he remained at home two years; re-enlisted m the 28:h 111. Vol. Infty., Co. K, as second lieutenant, March, 1865, and was in the service one year SAMUELS JOHN, renter, Sec. r.P.O. Meredosia; born in Page Co., Va., Aug. 18, 1840; he enlisted in the loth 111. Vol. Infty., Co. I., and served three months; married Martha Davis in 1862, who was born in Fulton Co., Ind., June 27, 1845; have had six children, four of whom, Cora, Roland, Arthut, and Samuel, are living Schroll David, fish dealer, Meredosia Schroke Fred, boots and shoes, Meredosia Schmidt Phelix, retired merchant, Meredosia Sheafer Henry, furniture store, Meredosia Sibert Daniel, bartender, Meredosia Sibert John, renter, Sec. 23, P.O. Meredosia Sieman John, farmer, Sec. 28, P.O. Meredosia Skiles H. A. Rev. pastor Baptist Church, Meredosia Skinner J. F. retired farmer, Meredosia Sleeter William, farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Mere- dosia Smith Geo. blacksmith, Meredosia Smith John, retired, Sec. 26, P.O. Meredosia Smith John, farmer, Sec. 27, Meredosia Smith Stafford, boarding house, Meredosia Snelling B. farm hand, Sec. 24, P.O. Mere- dosia Stendley Philip R. farmer, Sec. 33, P.O. Meredosia Strader Henry, farmer, Sec. n, P.O. Mere- dosia Street William, blacksmith, Meredosia 'BAYLOR PETER E. clerk, Meredosia Teck John, laborer, Meredosia Thompson Samuel, retired merchant, Mere- dosia Thompson J. Wilson, express agent, Mere- dosia Tucker J. H. carpenter, Meredosia Turnham E. farm hand, Sec. 12, P.O. Mere- dosia Turnham George, farmer, Sec. 24, P.O. Mere- dosia Turnham Joal, retired farmer, Meredosia Tway J. B. printer, Meredosia "\ 7"ANCE W. M. bridge watcher, Meredosia ^ Vanpelt J. farmer, Sec. 23, P.O. Mere- dosia Vanderlip John M. carpenter, Meredosia A1TACKERLE W. J. DR. physician, Mere- * dosia Wackerle William jr. bridge carpenter, Mere- dosia WALDO DANIEL, was born in Al- stead, Cheshire Co., N. H., Jan. 6, 1802 ; boot and shoemaking and itinerant trading TOWN 16 NORTH RANGE 13 WEST. 767 was the early business of his life. He was married to Maria T. Baker, in New Hamp- shire, July 18, 1831 ; they had by this union two children : Mabel Rebecca, who married Capt. Thos. White, who was killed at Dallas, Ga., while in command of the n6th Reg. 111. Vol.; Mrs. White is now re- siding at Maroa, 111.; his second child died in infancy ; his wife died Sept. 8, 1834. Mr. Waldo came to Meredosia, Oct. IO, 1832, and his family in Nov. of the next year. He was again married March 31, 1836, to Miss Emily Fox, of Batavia, N. Y. He had by this marriage : Maria E., wife of E. E. L. Reylard, of Meredosia; Fran- ces E., wife of Barritt Allen; Eveline, wife of Thos. Word; James D., residing now in Wabash, Ind.; Albert M., living in Mere- dosia; and Mary R., who died in infancy. His wife died Jan. 23, 1855. Was again married, July 5, to Maty Jane Thomas, formerly of Ohio. By this union, only one child was born, Miss Nellie, residing with her parents. Esq. Waldo, with his brothers James E. and Geo. C., commenced business in Meredosia 1832. In the Fall of 1832, they built the first steam saw mill in the present limits of Morgan Co. In 1833-4, they erected a mill and distillery, capable of running from 300 to 500 bushels per day; afterwards sold to Rowe & Gove. He has since devoted his time to improving his lands and serving the people as post- master and justice of the peace ; is now past seventy-eight years of age, and the record of an active life of that number of years can not have but a partial notice in our limits Walihan John, justice of the peace, Mere- dosia Walihan John, barber, Meredosia Wankel Peter, renter, Sec. 33, P.O. Mere- dosia Weber F. farmer, Sec. I, P.O. Meredosia Weeks J. L. clerk with Graham & Co., Mere- dosia Wegehopt H. C. clerk, Meredosia Wilcox J. D. laborer, Meredosia Wilday John, renter, Sec. 36, P.O. Mere- dosia Wilday Milton, farmer, Sec. 25, P.O. Mere- dosia Wilday William, renter, Sec. 25, P.O. Mere- dosia Wilker Henry, farmer, Sec. 22, P.O. Mere- dosia Winegar S. S. boarding house, Meredosia Wischmier C. F. farm hand, Sec. II, P.O. Meredosia GODFREY, farmer, Meredosia Yockey Christian, blacksmith with Heinz, Meredosia YOST JOHN, harnessmaker, Mere- dosia. Was born Nov. 18, 1847, in Cass Co., 111.; came to Meredosia and com- menced business in i86g. In 1873 was married to Miss Lizzie Tieman, daughter of William Tieman, of Meredosia; have two children : Lizzie and William F. BUSINESS CARDS. ANDERSON JAMES, telegraph operator and R.R. engineer, Meredosia CARVER J. H. & CO. (established 1859), dealers in staple and fancy dry goods and groceries, ready-made clothing; gents' furnishing goods a specialty; boots, shoes, hats, and caps; new goods at low prices. Meredosia, 111. DETTMER HENRY, manufacturer of and dealer in cigars, pipes, etc. You will always find on hand a good assortment of smokers' goods. Meredosia GEISS GEO., bakery, confectionery, family groceries, flour, wines, and liquors of all kinds, Meredosia, 111. HEINZ CHAS., dealer in agricultural implements, and manufacturer of the " Steel Beam Plow; " keeps constantly on hand a good assortment of plows, cultivators, corn planters, wagons, harrows, etc.; Mere- dosia, 111. HYATT THOMAS, agent for Naple* Nursery; a full stock of fruit and orna- 768 MORGAN COUNTY DIRECTORY. mental trees en hand; and also agent for R. Diggins' Hedge Nursery; Concord, 111. HYSINGER & GRAHAM, dealers in dry goods, millinery goods, groceries, queensware, clothing, to suit old and young, great and small. Carpets, hats and caps, boots and shoes, hardware, lime, salt, plas- ter of Paris. Call and examine our goods and prices DAVID L,. dealer dr iijs, medicines, paint, oil, glass, etc. PARKER H. J. DR. M.D., Mer- edosia. Office of City hotel, of which he is the proprietor, where cases of a chronic nature will be treated, with board, when desired RIEMAN C. C. City Mills, Meredosia, 111. Miller and dealer in flour, bran, shorts, and all kinds of mill stuff YOST JOHN, Meredosia, manufacturer of and dealer in harness, saddles, collars, bridles, whips, halters, and brushes. " Un- cle Sam's " harness oil always on hand .