...,,..:.;,,, :: S ' S -v ;:' ' ' THE UNIVERSITY THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. BY M. L. AHERN. First Edition. (COVERING THE PERIOD FROM 1837 TO 1887.) LOCAL POLITICS, FROM THE CITY'S BIRTH; CHICAGO'S MAYORS, ALDER- MEN AND OTHER OFFICIALS; COUNTY AND FEDERAL OFFICERS; THE FIRE AND POLICE DEPARTMENTS; THE HAY- MARKET HORROR; MISCELLANEOUS. CHICAGO : DONOHTJE & HENNEBERRY, PRINTERS AND BINDERS. 1886. COPYRIGHT. 1886. BY MICHAEL LOFTUS AHERN. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. CONTENTS. PAGE. The Peoples' Party 33 A Memorable Event 38 The New Election Law 41 The Roll of Honor 47 A Lively Fall Campaign 69 The Socialistic Party 82 CHICAGO'S MAYORS. William B. Ogden 87 Buckner S. Morris 88 Benjamin W. Raymond 89 Alexander Lloyd 89 Francis C. Sherman 90 Augustus Garrett 90 John C. Chapin 91 James Curtiss 91 James H. Woodworth 91 Walter S. Gurnee 91 Charles M. Gray 92 Isaac L. Milliken 92 Levi D. Boone 92 Thomas Dyer 93 John Wentworth 93 John C. Haines 93 Julian Rumsey 94 John B. Rice 94 Roswell B. Mason 94 Joseph Medill 95 Lester L. Bond 96 Harvey D. Colvin 98 Monroe Heath 99 Carter H. Harrison 99 5 6 CONTEXTS. CHICAGO'S COUNCILS. Chicago's Councils 102 Arthur Dixon 118 William P. Whelan 119 James T. Appleton t 119 George Mueller 120 Charles W. Drew 120 David H. Gile 120 Oscar D. Wetherell 120 Thomas C. Clarke 121 Henry F. Sheridan 121 Charles Hillock 122 Charles F. L. Doerner 122 Edward F. Cullerton 122 Joseph M. Webber 123 James H. Hildreth 124 Redmond F. Sheridan 124 Lawrence A. Yore 125 William F. Mahoney 125 J. R. Wheeler 126 Stephen P. Revere 126 Henry M. Deal 127 Samuel Simons 127 Samuel Kerr 127 Walter S. Hull 127 J. L. Campbell 128 John W. Lyke 128 James A. Landon 129 Frank Schack 129 D. W. Ryan 129 William Eisfeldt 129 Joseph H. Ernst 130 Henry Severin 130 John H. Colvin 130 John A. Linn 131 Thomas J. Carney 131 Jacob Tiedeman 132 William R. Manierre 132 CITY OFFICIALS. T. T. Gurney 133 DeWitt C. Cregier 133 CONTENTS. 7 William M. Devine 134 Hempstead Washburne 135 Francis A. Hoffman, Jr 136 William J. Onahan 136 C. Hermuu Plautz 137 Charles Gastfield. . . 137 Alexander Kirkland 137 William Edgar 138 D. O Wilkie 139 John Agnew 139 Oscar C. DeWolf 140 Brock L. McVickar 140 Herman Lieb 141 John W. Lyons 142 E. E. Gilbert 143 John Comiskey 145 Charles E. Felton 146 John McCarthy 147 John M. Brown 148 George A. Meech 149 George Kersten 149 Justice White 150 Orlin P. Ingersoll 150 Daniel Scully 150 Peter Foote 151 Charles Arnd 152 David J. Lyon 152 John K. Prindiville 154 C. W. Woodman 154 John C. Barker 155 Hardin B. Brayton 155 D. Harry Hammer 156 Louis Kistler 157 W. H. Gleason 158 S. B. Chase 158 Frank Drake 159 John A. Bell 160 Denis J. Swenie 161 William Mushain 162 John Redell 162 John H. Green. . .163 8 CONTEXTS. Frederick J. Gabriel 168 Joseph C. Pazen 164 Edward W Murphy. 164 M. W. Conway 165 John Campion 166 Leo Meyers 167 Richard Fitzgerald 167 Peter Schnur 168 Charles S. Petrie 168 Maurice W. Shay 169 Joel A. Kinney 170 Frederick N. Shippy 170 John P. Barrett 171 David M. Hyland 172 John Fitzpatrick 172 William Carroll ... 173 Frank J. Lewis 173 James P. Crowley 173 Jacob F. Mehren '. 173 Frederick W. Gund 174 Organization of the Fire Department 174 The Pompier Corps 186 Fire Alarm Service 188 Volunteer Service 188 Paid Fire Department 190 Benner's Fire Escape 193 THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. The Police Department 194 Frederick Ebersold 194 John Bonfield 195 William Buckley 195 Simon O'Donnell 196 William Ward 197 A. W. Hathaway 197 Michael Shaack 198 John D. Shea 199 Joseph Kipley 199 George W. Hubbard 200 Edward Laughlin 201 Madison Beadell. . , .201 CONTENTS. 9 John Rehm 202 Edward J. Steele 202 James P. Stanton 203 John Byrne 203 Richard A. Shephard 204 John Croak , 205 Victor Schumacher 205 Wheeler Bartram 206 John E. Fitzpatrick 206 Elisha E. Lloyd 207 Michael Bischoff 207 John Baus 207 August Blettner 208 Francis Penzen. 208 Anson Backus 208 Daniel Hogan 208 George Sanford 209 Frank G. Beaubien 209 Sylvester Kennedy 210 Anthon Odin Oyen 210 Charles M. Day 212 Alexis C. Burdick 212 John E. Mahoney 213 Dexter Codman 213 Michael Brennan 214 Joseph B. Shepard 214 R. H. Figg 214 Samuel A. Ellis 215 Michael J. Granger 215 John Egan 216 John Reed 216 Edward Cosgrove 217 John Stift 217 Michael Gallagher 218 William H. Carman 218 Dennis Simmons 218 W. S. Halloran 219 Dennis Kay 219 Reinhold Meyer 219 John O'Donnell 220- Francis O'Neill. . . 220* 10 CONTENTS. JohnJ.KeUy 221 Tierney and Thorpe 221 Roster of the Police Department 222 Police Telephone and Signal System 233 The Haymarket Horror The Official Report 239 THL COUNTY BOARD. George C. Klehm 255 John E. Van Pelt 256 James J. McCarthy 257 Daniel J. Wren 257 Peter Fortune 258 Henry Hemmelgarn 258 Frank Niesen 259 R. 8. McClaughrey 260 M. R. Leyden 260 John Hannigan 261 Thomas F. Bailey 262 David McCarthy 262 James C. Strain 262 William J. McGarigle 263 The County Hospital 264 .John F. Doherty 267 Edward McDonald 267 Harry A. Varnell 269 James O'Brien 269 Nicholas Eckhardt 270 Conrad Folz 270 T. J. Bluthardt 271 FEDERAL OFFICERS. Federal Officers 273 Ransom W. Dunham 273 Frank Lawler 273 James H. Ward 274 George E. Adams 275 Lambert Tree 275 James T. Healy 276 F. II. Marsh 277 Reusselaer Stone 278 A. F. Seeberger 278 Philip A. Hoyne 279 CONTENTS. 11 E. B. Sherman 279 Marian A. Mulligan 280 J. J. Crowley 281 S. Corning Judd 282 C. S. Squiers 282 Henry F. Donovan 283 POSTOFFICE. Clerks in the Postofflce 284 J. Howard Jones 290 P. R. Forrest 291 TheodoreF Swain 291 Patrick M. dowry 292 Michael W. Ryan 298 William Kirby. 293 Emil Hoechster 294 P. C. T. Breen 294 COUNTY OFFICIALS. William C. Seipp 296 Thomas Brenan 297 Seth F. Hanchett 297 Canute R. Matson 298 W. K. McAllister 290 John J. Rogers 299 Lorin C. Collins 300 Richard Prendergast 300 Joshua C. Knickerbocker 300 RollinS. Williamson 301 Elliott Anthony 301 Joseph E. Gary 301 M. F. Tuley 302 Julius Grinnell 302 John J. Healey , 303 Patrick McGrath 304 Thomas W. Sennott 304 Henry Best 305 John Stephens 305 Christopher Mamer 306 M. L. Coffeen 307 Henry C. Stewart 307 James J. Healey 307 Wiley S. Scribner 308 12 CONTENTS. James Stroud 310 FredC. Kile 311 Frank B. Lane 311 Charles Bradley 311 Daniel D. Healey 312 Delos E. Hall 312 James H. Burke 313 John Brennan 313 Theodore E. Stacy 314 Henry L. Hertz 315 George Rockafeller 315 Neil Graves 316 Jethro M. Getman 317 Henry F. Stephens 317 SCHOOLS. George Rowland 319 Shepherd Johnson 319 James Doolittle, Jr 319 School Teachers 349 Albert G. Lane 354 County School Teachers 854 MISCELLANEOUS. Charles B. Farwell 370 Frederick S. Winston 370 Joseph Stockton 372 Michael Ryan 372 Michael Mclnurney 373 Austin J. Doyle 374 Thomas A. Cantwell 374 M. C. McDonald 875 Luther Laflin Mills 376 Julius Jonas 377 Henry T. Jones 377 P. J. Sexton 378 Charles Kern 879 John J. Curran 379 JohnM. Smyth 880 P. McCarthy 881 Timothy Ryan 881 John G. Neumeister. . , 381 CONTENTS. 13 William Best 382 Joseph Sokup 282 Henry Huesman 883 P. B. O'Hare 884 Joseph Dixon 884 George Miller 385 Henry Schroeder 386 Samuel Stritch 887 James E. Stewart 887 Michael Wasserman 388 James McHale 388 E. A. Filkins ... 389 Anton Imhof 889 John Riordan 889 8. D. Foss 390 Edward P. Barrett 390 Gen. James Shields 391 To 397 inclusive. PEEFACE. In the preparation of the recollections contained in this book, the compiler acknowledges the services of several Chicago journalists, most especially those of Harry Jones, of the Chicago Tribune. MICHAEL LOFTUS AHERN. CHICAGO, 1886. SHERMAN HOUSE. 16 INTRODUCTORY. In the memorable fall of 1884, when the two great polit- ical parties of the United States nominated their stand- ard bearers, Chicago was declared a political center. The scenes witnessed in the Exposition Building where the brain and wealth, representing sixty millions of people commingled, constitute the brightest page in the history of modern politics. Within the radius of a mile the dele- gates were domiciled. The bulk of the Democratic forces were registered at the Palmer House ; a great majority of the Republicans held forth at the Grand Pacific. The Tremont House, the Sherman, the Briggs and McCoy's Hotel were patronized as well. In view of the foregoing, as well as from other consid- erations, the writer deemed it quite appropriate to place on record the " Political History of Chicago." Nobody should suppose that because the fire and police depart- ments are spoken of in this book that they are politi- cal institutions. The writer, admiring both depart- ments, simply took his opportunity, and endeavored to commemorate their value in public estimation. 17 TREMONT HOUSE. 19 THE FALL ELECTION OF 1886. The election in the fall of 1886 was a surprise to many people, by reason of the vote polled by the United Labor ticket, which broke loose entirely from the two great par- ties. Mr. Stauber, the candidate for County Treasurer on that ticket, polled over 25,000 votes. The organization, encouraged beyond measure, established campaign head- quarters at once for the spring campaign, determined to place a ticket in the field for mayor and other city officers. The returns from the fall election, they claim, insured the election of at least seven aldermen, In the second con- gressional district their candidate, Capt. Gleason, made it decidedly warm for Congressmen Lawler, on the Democratic ticket. They gained materially in the Senate and House. The Republican candidate for Treasurer, George R. Davis, was elected over Michael Schweisthal, Democrat, and Frank Stauber, United Labor candidate. Canute R. Mat- son, the Republican candidate for Sheriff, was elected over Mattocks, Democrat, Butler, United Labor, Dunphy, In- dependent, and Loomis, Prohibition. Wulff, Republican candidate for County Clerk, was elected over Mclnerney, Democrat, Rastell, United Labor, and Haggard, Prohibi- tion. Gilbert, Republican candidate for Clerk of the Criminal Court, was elected over James Doyle, Democrat, Tompkins, Prohibition, Dvorah, United Labor, and White, Labor League. Thomas Sennott, Republican candidate for Probate Clerk, was elected over Kleckner, Democrat, Worrel, Prohibition, and Ehmau, United Labor. Lane, Republican candidate for Superintendent of Schools, was 21 22 THE FALL ELECTION OF 1886. elected over Parker, Democrat, Wilkie, Prohibition, and Bevans, United Labor. Anthony, Hawes, Altgeld and Jamieson were elected Superior Court Judges. The two former were Eepublicans and the two latter Democrats. Judge Knickerbocker, Kepublican, who was placed on all the tickets, was elected Judge of the Probate Court. Judge Prendergast, Democrat, was elected Judge of the County Court. Sketches of the candidates in the field are found else- .where . The towns of Hyde Park, Lake View, Jefferson and )icero adopted the new election law. CHICAGO'S FIEST ORGANIZATION. On August 10, 1833, Chicago was made a town. On January 23, 1837, in the Saloon Building Hall, on the southeast corner of Lake and Clark streets, was held the first meeting to secure a city charter. In this building Stephen A. Douglas made his first speech. On March 4, 1837, the Act incorporating the city was passed. The part taken in the premises by Gen. Shields justifies the sketch of that man published at the end of this book. The first city officers were elected on the first Tuesday in May following, the total vote cast being 709. In May, 1837, the city council leased rooms in the Saloon Building Hall, but after five years removed to Mrs. Nancy Chapman's building, near the jail at the corner of LaSalle and Randolph streets. J. Y. Scammon and others improved the square surrounding it. In January, 1848, the city erected the market building on State street. This was the first municipal structure. It was afterward known as South Market Hall. It was two stories in height. On November 13, 1848, it was for the first time occupied. In 1851 the county and city laid the corner stone, and in 1853 completed the edifice at a cost of $111,000, which stood up to the fire of 1871. It was three stories high and had three domes and a cupola. The Court of Common Pleas first occupied the building. After the great fire the municipal authorities occupied for some years a two-story brick building on the southeast corner of LaSalle and Adams streets, known far and near as the Rookery. When the structure was torn down one of the most magnificent 24 CHICAGO'S FIRST ORGANIZATION. buildings in the United States was reared on the spot and christened the Rookery Building. The present quarters of the city and county government are in the area, bounded by LaSalle and Clark streets, and Washington and Randolph streets. The politics of Chicago, from its birth in 1837 up to 1853, were quite common-place. BRIGGS HOUSE. WHEN DOUGLAS WAS MOBBED. On January 30, 1854, Douglas delivered his great speech in the United States Senate in favor of the Kansas- Nebraska bill, repudiating past compromises, and showing the compromises of 1850, including the detested fugitive- slave law, to have been a subterfuge of the slave power to gain a better hold. When he came to Chicago to explain his position he found that the anti-slavery sentiment could not be checked. On the Know-Nothing question Douglas maintained a magnificent position. He it was who op- posed proscription by the native party, and threw the Democratic hosts against it. Before such a question arose Chicago was a Democratic stronghold, as between Whigs and Democrats, at least. " If the town-pump had been nominated for Mayor in those days on the Democratic ticket it would have been elected/' aptly remarks an old settler; "a Democratic nomination, in fact, was an elec- tion." In 1854 the Whigs went down, to be succeeded by Fusionists, who melted into the Republican party. Douglas, of all the Democrats, had the courage to tackle Know-Nothingism . What he had said about the Nebraska question made the Free-Soil element inimical to them. When Mr. Douglas reached Chicago from Washington on August 25 he found himself branded as a public enemy by the Know-Nothing and Free-Soil combination, and de- nounced from Protestant pulpits as an anti-Christ. On the evening of September 1, 1854, Douglas spoke at North Market hall, the site of the present Criminal Court building. The excitement was intense; the fame of the 27 28 WHEN DOUGLAS WAS MOBBED. " Little Giant," and the report that 500 armed Irishmen would be present to silence the Know-Nothing element attracting an immense assemblage. During the afternoon of that day the flags of shipping owned by Fusionists had hung at half-mast, and the bells of the numerous churches tolled as if to predict a great calamity. Mayor Milliken presided. Mr. Douglas had not spoken long when he was hissed. When he said he was bound to be heard he was vilified most outrageously. Against the howling mob Douglas defiantly maintained his ground. James A. Shee- han, a biographer - of Douglas, referring to the occasion remarks : " The motive, the great ruling reason for refus- ing him the privilege of being heard was, that as he had in 1850 carried the judgment of the people captive into an indorsement of the fugitive slave law, so if allowed to speak in 1854 he would at least rally all Democrats to his support by defense of the Nebraska bill. The combined fanatics of Chicago feared the power and effect of his argument in the presence and hearing of the people. They therefore resolved that he should not be heard." Having failed to make himself heard, the "Little Giant" retired under a shower of rotten apples. A gallant little body guard accompanied Mr. Douglas to his carriage ; among them were Daniel O'Hara, Frank C. Sherman. Hart L. Stewart, Tom Mackin, Dan McElroy, Elisha Tracy, Col. Dick Hamilton, Elihu Granger and Cornelius and William Price. The mob followed the little party as far as Clark street bridge, but when the Douglas party had crossed the structure, the bridge-tender, by turning the bridge, cut off the pursuit and the Senator reached the Tremont house in safety. About six weeks after this disgraceful event Mr Doug- lass accepted an invitation to a public dinner to be held November 9, at the Tremont. In the presence of 200 gen- tlemen or more, he substantially uttered that which a fan- WHEN DOUGLAS WAS MOBBED. 29* atical crowd had intercepted. It is safe to say that when Douglas was mobbed Chicago was the leading city in the West in the movement resulting in making a free state of Kansas. HOTEL. 30 "THE LAGER BEER RIOT." It was hardly a month after Mayor Boone's induction into office, on the Know-Nothing ticket, in 1855, that many saloon-keepers were arrested for selling liquor without a license or for violating the Sunday ordinance. It was agreed, by the City Attorney and the attorney for the saloons, to try a test case to represent the whole. On April 21 the case was called before Squire Henry L. Rucker, about 10 o'clock a. m . A few moments later the Court House was surrounded by a great mob, which had come from the North Side, with fifes, drums, and howls. A riot seemed inevitable. Mayor Boone, however, ordered Police Captain Nichols to clear the streets and disperse the mob, and such was done without any serious results. This was in the fore- noon, it will be remembered. The North Side saloon men now proceeded in a movement to rescue men who were arrested for resisting the officers, and Boone swore into service 150 extra policemen. ' About three o'clock p.m., the North Side mob started out to cross the Clark street bridge, in the direction of the Court House. The swinging of the bridge intercepted the bulk of the procession, however. At this juncture, that part of the procession which was left on the North Side became frantic and wanted to kill the bridge-tender. The latter said he was acting under orders from the Mayor. His honor finally ordered the bridge closed and the mob rushed across to confront a solid phalanx of policemen. The leaders shrieked "Pick out the stars! Shoot the police I" A brisk firing followed, to the great discomfiture of the rioters. Only one man was known to be killed, but 31 32 " THE LAGEB BEER RIOT." several mysterious funerals on the North Side occurred about that time. The law, as to burial permits, was not as it is now. A rioter blew off the left arm of Police Officer Hunt, who is now doing special duty in the comp- troller's office. He received a gift of $3,000 from the City Council, on which he is still drawing interest. THE PEOPLE'S PARTY. The issuance of an order by Mayor Medill, who was elected on the fire-proof ticket after the great conflagration of '71, caused the political combination known as The People's Party, which, in the fall of 1873, swept every- thing before it in county and city. The enforcement of the Sunday liquor ordinance injured the feelings of the Germans especially, who had transplanted from the Father- land the custom of enjoying Sunday in gardens, presided over by Gambrinus. Agitators construed the ordinance as a blow at personal liberty. A meeting held in Thielman's Theater, on Clybourn ave- nue, on the evening of May 14, 1873, inaugurated the cam- paign. A. Hottinger opened the meeting, and denounced in strong language the temperance notions that flitted through the brain of the existing administration. The Germans, he said, would find relief at the polls in Novem- ber. Adolph Sehoeninger and Frick were elected presi- dent and secretary. The former said they meant to or- ganize, regardless of party politics, to uphold the constitu- tional right of the citizen. The Germans intended to show the Know-Nothing element that they were neither drunk- ards, serfs, nor fools. The assistance of the German press was solicited, as the German people were most interested. Mr. Knoblesdorf said that the Germans were acting simply in the defensive. He predicted that they, and other na- tionalities who were progressive or free in their ideas, would rebuke puritanical methods at the polls. Messrs. Knoblesdorf, Karls, Schmehl, Lengacher, and Lindon, 3 33 34 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. were appointed a committee on resolutions. A. C. Hes- ing, of the Staats Zeitung, responding to uproarious calls, advocated a movement by Republicans and Democrats which would preserve the constitutional liberties of the people. The Germans were proud of their record. They were not drunkards because they loved convivial beer. Their patriotism and love of American institutions had been demonstrated on many a battle field. Know-Nothing- ism would be put down now as it had been before. The cases of Coif ax, Brooks, and Ames were cited to show that native Americans furnished more rascals than did foreign- ers. Mr. Hesing said he would vote for any man, Repub- lican, Liberal, or Democrat, who would exert himself to keep the personal rights of citizens inviolate. H. B. (Buf- falo) Miller renounced the Eepublican party. Resolutions in sympathy with the foregoing sentiments, and arranging a line of battle, were unanimously adopted. A great Ger- man mass meeting followed on the evening of May 20, at Aurora Turner Hall, on Milwaukee avenue. Ex-Alder- man John Buehler, the banker, was chairman, and Mr. Pfurstenberg was secretary. A. C. Hesing was the first speaker. He said that the movement for personal liberty had not only spread like wild-fire throughout the city, but had evoked the grandest encomiums from the press of the United States. The German who went to church Sunday morning and to a lager-beer garden in the afternoon, had an opinion; and under the Constitution of the United States, that opinion must be respected. He concluded his remarks by suggesting that an address be issued to the public, expressing their views and declaring by the Al- mighty that they would not csase until their aims had been attained. Francis A. Hoffman, Jr., who is now corpora- tion counsel, was the next speaker. He stated that many nationalities settled in the United States before the Consti- tution was adopted French, Dutch and English among THE PEOPLE'S PAKTY. 35 them. A vast immigration ensued. The Germans who came, to a great extent, preserved their customs. This was not a question of beer, it was a question of personal rights. Emil Dietzsch said that on this occasion Germans and Irish as they were, they were yet Americans. Herman Lieb and others also spoke in the same vein. On the evening of May 29, an agitation committee was appointed by the agents of the "New Departure" in pol- itics, in Bismarck Hall in the Teutonia building, as fol- lows : Frank Schweinfurth, William Floth, Clovis Tegt- meyer, C. Niehoff, Dr. Matthei, Max Eberhardt, Emil Muhlke, R. Thieme, F. A. Hoffman, J. Schiellinger, R. Michaelis, G. R. Korn, William Schwartz, B. Eisendrath, Carl Dahenten, Philip Stein, H. Schondlin, W. Schaffer, Carl Bluhm, R. Freiburg, A. C. Hesing, R. Christiensen, J. C. Meyer, Peter Hand, A. Erbe, L. Schwuchow, Frank Lengi and the editors of the various German papers. This committee on the morning of June 25, reported reso- lutions in favor of the personal liberty of the citizen, which were adopted unanimously, and it was agreed that a mass meeting should be held. On the e/ening of July 17, seventeen members of the committee of seventy met at the Builders' Exchange on La Salle street and declared the fight to be one, on their part for law and order. On the afternoon of August 31, the meeting was held in Greenebaum's Bank, at which the following were pres- ent: B. G. Caulfield, W. J. Onahan, A. C. Hesing, Gen- eral Lieb, Justice Boyden, Peter Hand, Ed. O'Neill, R. Kenney, J. Bonfield, J. H. McAvoy, M. Evans, John Corcoran, Arno Voss, Ed. Phillips, A. Schoenninger, Jacob Rehm, P. M. Cleary, T. Brennan and Geo. Von Hollen. Arno Voss was president and W. J. Onahan was secretary. Daniel O'Hara said he was proud he was a Democrat. He was in favor of law and order, but did 36 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. not countenance illiberality. He did not wish to see saloon doors wide open, on Sunday, but it would not do to shut them up altogether. B. G. Caulfield, A. C. Hesing, Michael Keeley and Hermann Lieb followed. On the evening of September 3, the German American central committee met at Bismarck Hall. Mr. Schoeninger and Mr. Hesing stated the committee appointed in Greene- baum's bank building consisted of Americans, Irishmen, and other nationalities who desired to fraternize with the Germans. On the evening of September 5, A. C. Hesing addressed the German-American Club. On motion of Mr. Keeley it was arranged by the coalition to draft a platform. On the evening of September 26, Mr. Hesing presented a call to the people which was unanimously adopted. It invited everybody who loved freedom to come to Kingsbury Hall on the evening of October 4 for consultation. It was a great demonstration. H. B. Miller occupied the chair and made a spirited charge on bigotry. With the ballot they would defeat Know-Nothingism. The People's Party Pla-tform was then adopted. The platform set forth that the desirable object of tem- perance could only be accomplished by elevating the moral standard pf the people through enlightened education, and not by sumptuary or special legislation. The right of any one or class of individuals to prescribe how Sunday or any day shall be enjoyed by a free people in a free republic was denied; licenses should be refused to persons of bad repute; inspectors of beverages should be appointed; arbitrary ar- rests by the police should be stopped; law and order should be observed, but not at the expense of personal liberty. The nominating convention met at 205 East Randolph street October 24. Henry Greenebaum presided; T. M. Halpin was secretary. Mr. Greenebaum addressed the delegates. Having THE PEOPLE'S PARTY. 37 referred to the fact that there was a prescriptive and intol- erant spirit abroad, he urged the nomination of candidates for their personal fitness, honesty and ability. Mr. Hesing offered resolutions indorsing the platform adopted at Kings- bury Hall October 4, and fixing but one term for City Treasurer and recommending S. S. Hayes as City Comp- troller. The resolutions were adopted. The following nominations were then made: For Mayor, H. D. Colvin; for City Treasurer, Daniel O'Hara; for City Collector, George Von Hollen; for City Assessor, Charles Dennehy; for Superior Court Judge, S. M. Moore; for County Court Judge, M. R. M. Wallace; for County Clerk, Hermann Lieb; for Clerk of the Criminal Court, Austin J. Doyle; for County Superintendent of Schools, George D. Plant; for County Commissioners, Christian Busse, John Herting, William P. Burdick, Thomas Lonergan and A. B. Johnson. Mark Sheridan named C. A. Reno as Police Commissioner for the West Side and he was nominated. Egbert Jamieson was subsequently selected for City Attorney and Martin Scully for Police Court Clerk. On Saturday, October 18, 1873, in the Grand Pacific the opposition put up the following ticket : For Mayor, L. L. Bond ; for City Treasurer, David A. Gage ; for City Col- lector, A. L. Morrison ; for City Assessor, W. H. P. Gray; for City Attorney, I. II. Stiles ; for Police Court Clerk, C. R. Matson ; for Judge of Superior Court, Wm. H. Porter ; for Judge of County Court, M. R, M. Wallace ; for Coun- ty Clerk, J. W. Brockway ; for Clerk of Criminal Court, W. K. Sullivan ; for County Treasurer, Phillip Wadsworth; for Superintendent of Schools, A. G. Lane ; for County Commissioners, S. Olin, A. J. Galloway, William M. Laughlin, W. B. Bateham, and S. W. Kingsley ; for Police Commissioner, Reuben Cleveland. The Peoples' Party ticket was elected by about ten thou- sand majority. A MEMORABLE EVENT. In the Sixth Senatorial District, of which the Eight- eenth Ward is a part, Henry W. Leman, republican, seemed to have been elected senator in 1884 over Rudolph Brand, democrat, by a few hundred votes, according to unofficial returns. The fact that the two parties were so close that a single vote in either the Senate or House might control the election of a United States Senator made both parties very careful. The official canvass showed that the tally sheets and certificate from the Second Precinct of the Eighteenth Ward had been altered and forged, and made to show a decreased vote for Leman and an increased vote for Brand, sufficient to elect the latter by a majority of about ten votes. From the sworn returns of the Uni^ ted States Supervisors, as well as from other collateral evi-- dence, it was so evident a fraud that the Federal grand jury at Chicago, then in session, took jurisdiction of and investigated the matter. Meantime the County Canvass- ing Board, being powerless to go behind the returns, abstracted the vote as it appeared and returned the same to the State Canvassing Board. This body heard such ev- idence as was available and proper, and following their action the Governor decided to issue the certificate of elec- tion to Leman, as being the actually elected senator. The Federal grand jury found several indictments, but after that body had adjourned new and important additional proofs of the fraud were discovered, and Joseph C. Mackin, William J. Gallagher, and Arthur Gleason were tried and convicted of conspiracy on a charge brought by information instead 38 A MEMORABLE EVENT. 39 of indictment. The two former were sentenced to two years' imprisonment. The case was then taken by writ of error before Justice Harlan, of the United States Supreme Court, and Circuit Judge Gresham, sitting together. Upon disagreement between them it was certified to the United States Supreme Court, mainly upon the question of the legality of the prosecution by information. It is still pending, the parties being under heavy bail awaiting decision. The state court took up the matter and in- dicted Mackin and Gallagher for violation of state law. Mackin testified before the state grand jury, and for the testimony given by him he was again indicted for perjury, tried, convicted, and is now serving a five-year sentence. The Illinois legislature, which under ordinary circum- stances should have elected a United States Senator on January 20, 1885, was unable to do so for the reason that the House had failed to organize. When, however, it finally organized, the first day when it was possible to ballot for Senator was February 10. The House did bal- lot on that day, and an attempt was made in the Senate on February 13, but no quorum answering the two houses then met in joint convention. Day after day the conven- tion met, and ballot after ballot was taken, but the forces were so nearly even that if either side had an absentee the entire side would decline to vote. Several ballots were taken when the convention was nearly full, yet but one person voted, each side being afraid of making a quorum and electing the opposite candidate. The Eepublican caucus nominee was John A. Logan, and the Democratic nominee was William E. Morrison. On February 26 it was expected an election might occur, when just before convening a Republican representative, R. E. Logan, dropped dead in the capitol. This caused a cessation in the active contest until his successor was elected. On March 20 Senator Bridges, a Democrat, died. Further 40 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. delay resulted, with occasional attempts at balloting, and on April 12 Representative Shaw, a Democrat, died. De- sultory balloting was had while awaiting the election of a successor, which most unexpectedly to both parties resulted in the election of a Republican. On May 14 the struggle was very exciting. After receiving for two ballots the united strength of his party, 101 votes, Morrison's name was withdrawn and Hon. Lambert Tree received most of his party strength, the Republicans declining to vote. Finally, on the 19th of May, after successors to all the de- ceased members had been seated, Logan was elected. Hon. John A. Logan was reflected May 19, 1885, for six years, ending March 4, 1891. Upon the final, or 118th ballot, the vote in joint convention was: John A. Logan, 103; Lambert Tree, 96; John C. Black, 1; William R. Mor- rison, 1; John R. Hoxie, 1; John Scholfield, 1. Of these the Senators voted: Logan, 26; Tree, 24; Black, 1. The House members voted: Logan, 77; Tree, 72; Black, 1; Morrison, 1; Hoxie. 1; Scholfield, 1. Outrages on the elective franchise like that perpetrated in the Eighteenth Ward caused agitation which eventuated in the new election law. THE NEW ELECTION LAW. This measure which, so to speak, is apt to revolutionize local politics, is the joint product of the Union League, the Citizen's Association, the Iroquois and the Commercial Clubs. The bill was drafted by a committee consisting of A. M. Pence, L. S. Gregory, and Alderman Thomas C. Clarke. To the Citizens' Association is due, in a great measure, the credit of its enactment by the Thirty-fourth General Assembly. The Citizens' Association presented the petition to the County Court and effected its submis- sion to the suffrages of the people. Mr. Beach was coun- sel for the Citizens' Association and the proceedings before the County Court. The law was carried in the fall election of 1885 by the following vote: VOTE ON CITY ELECTION LAW. NOVEMBER 3, 1885. For Against Election Election WARDS. Law. Law. 1 736 579 II 899 663 III 1436 284 IV 3084 348 V 3296 1733 VI 1829 1003 VII 1524 1061 VIII 1757 1663 IX 1062 609 X 800 424 XI 2555 559 XII 3625 428 XIII. 1493 618 XIV 2393 1443 XV 1996 868 XVI 1360 658 XVII 1094 851 XVIII 2347 767 Totals 31984 14557 Proceedings in the nature of a quo warranto were at once instituted to test the constitutionality of the law, and 41 42 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. the Supreme Court affirmed it. A. M. Pence, W. C. Goudy, H. 0. McDaid, and James W. Beach represented the interests of the bill, and H. P. Hurd and Adolph Moses were the attorneys on the other side. The matter was thoroughly argued, it being the earnest desire of both parties to thoroughly test the constitutionality of the measure. The new election law revises the entire election law for cities which may, by vote of the people, adopt its provis- ions. Authorizes the County Court to appoint three com- missioners of elections, whose term of office shall be three years. Two of such commissioners shall be selected from the two leading political parties, one from each. Com- mission shall organize by electing one as chairman and one as secretary ; each shall file the oath of office and give bond of $10,000. Board shall provide all ballot- boxes", registry-books, poll-books, tally-sheets, blanks, and stationery for registry and elections, and for all incidental purposes. Board shall employ a chief clerk and addi- tional clerks, as may be necessary ; shall divide city into election precincts containing approximately 300 votes. Sixty days prior to election, board shall choose three judges of election for each precinct, who shall be citizens of the United States and household residents and voters in the precinct, of good repute, who can speak, read, and write the English language, skilled in the four fundamental rules of arithmetic, of good understanding and capable, who hold no office under the United States, the state, county, town, or city, and who are not candidates for office at the election. Also two clerks of election, possess- ing same qualifications as the judges, except that they need not be householders. Holding a position as notary public shall not disqualify either judges or clerks. At least one judge and one clerk shall be selected from each of the two leading political parties. Judges and clerks so THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 43 chosen shall, on notice, appear for examination before the board, and if found qualified, unless excused for old age or ill health, be bound to serve for one year. After service for one year shall not be compelled to serve during follow- ing three years, and shall be exempt from jury duty during and for two years after expiration of term. Failure to ap- pear or refusal to serve render liable to fine. When list of judges is selected, report of same shall be made to County Court, asking their confirmation. The County Court shall fix a day for hearing objections to their confirmation, giving public notice thereof by publication, with a list of the names. On hearing, the court may con- firm or reject such as public interest may require. Upon confirmation the court shall issue a commission for each judge and clerk, who shall thereupon become officers of the court and liable for contempt for any misbehavior in office. They shall then appear before the board, take the the oath of office, and receive their commissions. The board shall appoint a place for registry and cause the same to be fitted up warm, light, and clean. No place of registration or polling place shall be kept where intoxicating liquors are sold. Lists of persons sent to the penitentiary shall be furnished monthly to the board by clerks of courts in the county, and the Governor shall annually furnish names of persons pardoned by him in the county. The proper officer of the city shall furnish, monthly, to the board the names and residences of all males over twenty-one years who have died during the month. The board shall keep record of, and furnish to judges of election the names and former 'residences of persons convicted of peni- tentiary offenses, and also pardons of same for guidance of judges. Public notice in newspapers of registration and elections shall be given by the board. Election day is made a legal holiday. One year's residence in the state, ninety days in the county, thirty days in the precinct, and 44 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. citizenship of the United States shall qualify a person as voter. The judges of election constitute the board of registry for each precinct. They meet as such on Tuesday four weeks prior to election, and again on each of the two fol- lowing Tuesdays. The first two meetings for registry of applicants, the last for revision of lists. Meantime the clerks are required to canvass the precinct, and the result of their convass is used by the board in revising registry. When that is completed a public registry is hung up at place of registry, and the election commissioners shall cause copies of the same to be printed for use of voters of precinct, and, if deemed necessary, published in news- papers. Provision is made for registering persons omitted or rejected, on order of the election commissioners or of the County Court, after hearing. General registration shall be made prior to each Presidential election, and the applicant must personally appear. At intermediate elections the general registration is examined and purged of non-residents or non-voters, and new voters are added, on application, and the registry shall be revised after a new canvass by the clerks. At elections the polls shall be open from 6 A. M. to 4 p. M., and no judge or clerk shall be absent more than five minutes at a time till the ballots are all cast and counted. Ballot box to be kept constantly in public view, and no obstruction allowed. Voters may put their names on ballots. As a person's vote is cast, his name on registry shall be checked. If challenged, he is sworn to answer questions ; and, after hearing, may be allowed to vote or be rejected. If reject- ed, he may afterward produce and deliver his own affi- davit that he is a duly qualified voter, supported by affi- davit of a registered voter, whereupon his vote shall be received. The affidavits and a record of the facts shall be THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 45 preserved. No person shall vote who is not registered as a qualified voter. Each political party may have a challenger at the polls; also at the registry. During canvass of the votes, the challengers and watchers of the canvass, consisting of one person designated in writing by each candidate, shall be admitted. The whole number of ballots shall first be counted, and any excess above the number on the poll-list shall be drawn out and destroyed. The different kinds of ballots shall be placed in separate piles, and then counted by tens by one judge, then handed to each of the other judges, who shall also count the same, when the third judge shall call off the names and the clerks shall tally each ten votes. The ballots shall, as soon as counted, be strung upon twine in the order read, by tens. When the canvass is completed, each judge in turn shall proclaim in a loud voice the total vote received by each candidate. Quadruple statements of the result shall be made, one of which shall be written in each of the poll-books used, and one each sent to the county clerk and one to the comp- troller of the city, after attaching one copy of each kind of ballot voted at the election to each return. The tallies shall be sent, under seal, one to the election commissioners and one to the city clerk. The poll-books which contain two of the statements or returns shall be placed in the ballot-box, and locked and sealed with a strip of paper containing the names of all the judges. One judge shall take the ballot-box, and another, of opposite politics, the key. Then the whole of the ballots, except those pasted to the statements, shall be destroyed, and the meeting of judges and clerks dissolved. Before noon next day, the ballot-box shall be delivered to the election com- missioners, who shall receipt therefor. The key shall also be delivered and receipted for, and the two judges not having the ballot-box and the two clerks shall, before noon 46 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. next day, deliver the statements and tallies in their pos- session to the respective officer to whom addressed, and no judge or clerk shall receive pay until he produce the receipts for the returns as aforesaid. The canvassing board, composed of the county judge, city attorney and the board of election commissioners, shall canvass and abstract the votes within seven days after the election. A comprehensive list of penalties for elec- tion offenses is enacted. The salaries of election commissioners for Cook county are $1,500, and the chief clerk $2,000. Judges and clerks of election and official ticket-holders, $3 per day judges to receive pay for not exceeding four days, including reg- istration and election; clerks to receive five days' pay. Expenses of city election to be paid by city, but state, county and general elections to be paid by county. ELECTIONS, PRIMARY. Authorizes political parties, by resolution of their regular committees adopting this law, to conduct their primaries under its provisions ; pro- vides penalties for illegal voting, false returns and other irregularities. ELECTION PRECINCTS. Limits election precincts to four hundred and fifty votes, county boards to so arrange them as near as possible. The first election commissioners were, Frances A. Hoff- man, Samuel B. Raymond and Daniel Corkery. When Mr. Hoffman became corporation counsel of the city of Chicago, Chris. Casselman succeeded him, and when he moved out of the city Mr. Oehner was appointed to his place. When Mr. Raymond became a candidate for the county treasurership before the Republican convention, he was succeeded by Dr. Norman Bridge. Mr. Corkery is now president of the board. The first secretary was Tim- othy Crean, now deceased, and of grateful memory. THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 47 THE EOLL OF HONOR. The following is a list of the judges and clerks who first served under the New Election Law. The first three names in each precinct are those of judges; the last two are those of clerks: FIRST WARD. First Precinct. Ph. Dieter, 12 S. Water, D.; C. F. Dabb, Commercial Hotel, R.; O. F. Mellura, 69 Dearborn, R.; J. T. Mullen, St. Charles Hotel, D.; A. M. Stout, 69 Dearborn, R, Second Precinct. M. J. Wentworth, Sherman House, D.; Frank Stepman, Briggs House, D.; J. I. Pearce, Sherman House, R.; Louis Klein, Germauia House, D.; J. D. Sommers, Room 5, 155 Washington, Ogden House, R. Third Precinct. M. W. Barker, 188 S. Clark, D.; B. M. Davenport, St. James Hotel, 11.; John McDonald, Otis Block, R.; G. Harmyet, 172 Washing- ton ; John C. Wallace, Garfleld House, R. Fourth Precinct. J. P. Kirrigan, Continental Hotel, D.; Wm. Phillips, 409 State, D.; M. A. Loring, Clifton House, R.: E. C. Kohler; Chas. E Parsons, 146 State, R. Fifth Precinct. J. Ward F.llis, 209 State, R.; H. G. Billings, Matteson House, R.; Robt. Stahl, 204 State, R.; T. Benton Leiter, Pullman Building; Milton Palmer, Palmer House, D. SMh Precinct. W. B. Andrews, 232 Michigan ave., D.; Geo. S. Essex, 194 Michigan ave., D.; Roswell B. Bacon. Leland Hotel, R.; Thos. B. Lory, 288 Wabash ave ; Thos. Hoops, 194 Michigan ave., R. Seventh Precinct. A. W. Herr, 95 Third ave., D.; J. H. McCormick , 291 S. Dearborn, R.; R. H. Vickers, Choate's Hotel, R.; J. A. Tolman, Choates Hotel, D.; Wallace R. Dean, 43 Third ave., R. Eighth Precinct. Sol. Diamond, 267 S. Clark, D.; John Griffin, 108 E. Van Buren, D.; John Davis, 191 S. Clark, R.; C. M. Colmar, 269 S. Clark. D.; Oscar Odelines, Pacitic Hotel, R. Ninth Precinct. Wm. Connors, 294 Clark, D.; H. H. Kohlsaat, Grand Pacific, R.; Pat. Gore, Grand Pacific, R.; E. G. Brown, 320 S. Clark, D.; Chas L. Easton, Grand Pacific, R. Tenth Precinct. John A. Lomax, 14 Charles pi., D.; W. Skelley, 286 Fifth ave., D.; B. R. Hall, 157 E. Van Buren, R.; C. Keeting, 283 S. Franklin, D.; Joseph Vanderfort, 286 Fifth ave., R. SECOND WARD. First Precinct. Henry Lotzerijr, 359 Fifth ave., D.; Alexander McLeod, 359 Fifth ave., R.; August Heller, Il4 Sherman, R.; J P. Doherty, 38 S. Clark, D.; Harry Boyne, 359 Fifth ave., R. Second Precinct. Henry Malzacher, 403 S. Clark, D.; A. Van Praag, 392 State, D.; J. J. Cappels, 420 State, R.; Marshall Graves, 358 State, D.; Geo. H. Shaw, 110 E. Harrison, R. Third Precinct. Mark L. Crawford, Wabash ave. & Eldridge ct., D.: I., O. Hilbourn, 47 Peck ct', R.; Edward Elkin, 405 State, R.; C. V. Cavaroc, jr.; 379 State, D.; Alexander Delne, 387 State, R. Fourth Precinct. F. G. Hoyne, 267 >f ichigan ave., D.; C. E. Lambert, 388 Wabash ave., D.; E. R. Bliss, 213 Michigan ave., R.; Mathew Lennon, 458 Wabash ave., D.; B. Loring. 27 Michigan ave., R. Fifth Precinct. James F. Latham, 330 Michigan, D.; A. T. Lay, 321 Mich- igan ave., R.; S. D. Kimbark, 331 Michigan ave., R.; E. Williams, 297 Mich- igan ave., D.; Frank B. Warring, 495 State, R. Sirth Precinct. John Koch, 494 State, D.; John Manon, 476 State, D.; J. E. Jones, 287 Third ave., R.; Wm. P. Murphy, 462 State, D.; M. M. Smith, 181 Third ave, R.; J. E. Doherty, 452 State, R. Seventh Precinct. Mnx. Rosengarten, 561 State, D.; J. A. Worth, 508 State, R.; J. C. Rott, 520 State, R.; John Ward, 550^ State, D.; F. L. Hibbard, 539 W abash ave., R. 48 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Eighth Precinct. Samuel Houston, 228 Sherman, D.; James Cody, 238 Sherman, D.; I. C. Harris, 443 Clark, R.; James Cody, jr., 228 Sherman, D.; Henry P. Symms, 444 Clark, R. Ninth Precinct. James O'Brien, 1357 Clark, D.; Henry Bincke, 1346 State; C. Laubersheimer, 1258 State, R.; Thomas Waters, 1258 State, D.; Frederick North, 1350 State, R. Tenth Precinct. F. Coyle. 1208 Michigan ave.. D.; G. Harris, 1233 Michigan ave., D.; E. G. Mason, 1204 Michigan ave., R.; Geo. W. Thomas, 1204 Indiana ave., D.; W. G. Bailey, 123) Michigan ave., R. Eleventh Precinct. B. F. Bruce, 1350 Wabash ave.; M. A. Farwell, 1343 Michigan ave., R.; S. J. Glover, 1315 Michigan ave., R,; H. H. Rose, 1332 Michi- gan ave., R.; I. J. Henneberry, 1319 State, D. Twelfth Precinct. T. M. Hoyne, 1461 Michigan ave., D.; C. Summerfleld, 1462 Michigan ave., I).; J. B. Bradwell, 1428 Michigan ave_, R.; H. A. Wilder, 1410 Michigan ave., D.; H. P. Riarden, 1512 Indiana ave., R. Thirteenth Precinct. Wm. Henneberry, 1515 State, D,; J. M. Gillespie, 1436 Wabash ave., R.; F. L. Stevenson, 1400 Wabash ave.; J. J. Ryan. 1509 State, D.; W. A. Howe, 1433 Wabash ave., R. THIRD WARD. First Precinct. Michael Hart, 1628 Butterfleld, D.; F. H. Fry, 1633 Wabash ave., R.; Wm. F. Orcutt, 1601 State, R.; Jos. Connolly, 1604 Michigan ave., D.; H. M. Curtis, 1612 Indiana ave., R. Second Precinct. Moses G. Flood, 1728 Dearborn, D.; Frank Brust, 116 Eighteenth, D.; F. S. Hansen, 1720 Michigan ave., R.; Jas. M. Clifford, 1722 Wa- bash ave., D.; Soren Mathisou, 1734 Wabash ave., R. Third Precinct. St. Clair Sutherland, 1830 Wabash ave.; G. E.Morton, 1800 Michigan ave.; Henry W. B. Hoyt, 63 E. Eighteenth; Henry Evans, 143 E. Eighteenth; H. G. Bird, 1809 Wabash ave. Fourth Precinct. Walter S. Paine, 1904 Wabash ave.; C. C. Evans, 1912 Wabash ave.; H. F. Birch, 1912 Michigan ave.; Charles King, 122 E. Twen- tieth; N. B. Rappleye, 2020 Wabash ave. Fifth Precinct. John A. Markley, 2125 Calumet ave.; Geo. F. Bissell, 2003 Prairie ave.; E. G. Keith, 1909 Prairie ave.; Fernando Jones, 1834 Prairie ave.; O. C. Nelson, 1623 Indiana ave. Sixth Precinct. - H. A. Kohn, 2210 Calumet ave.; Jacob Vogleman, 2335 Cottage Grove ave.; E. P. Tobey, 2231 Calumet ave.; J. Devanny, 2345 Cot- tage Grove ave.; A. W. Crouch, 2350 Calumet ave. Seventh Precinct. John C. Schubert, 131 E. Twenty-Second; W. Mose- back, 2333 Michigan ave., R.; W. H. Sard, 2250 Michigan ave.; Martin Moylan, 5216 Indiana ave., D.; T. J. Wells, 2350 Indiana ave. Eighth Precinct. Isaac Howland, 190 E. Twenty-Second; J. D. O'Neill, 138 E. Twenty-Second; John Barkin, 2124 Wabash ave.; A. Lemen, 2103 But- terfleld; Dr. S. Quinlin, 2125 Wabash ave. A" inth Precinct. Jacob Heissler, 2356 State; Francis P. Fisher, 2238 Wa- bash ave.; Frank Gilbert, 2252 Wabash ave.; John J. DeLacy, 2222 Dearborn, Charles H. Lent, 2238 Wabash ave. Tenth Precinct. Geo. W. Morris, 2449 Michigan ave.; B. Philpot, 2444 Wa- bash ave.; J. L. Itanium, 2425 Michigan ave.; Charles Canney, 197 Twenty- Fourth; Charles F. Stitt, 2440 Prairie ave. Eleventh Precinct. Karl Buehl, 2510 Prairie ave.; Watson S. Hinkley, 92 Twenty-Sixth; H. N. Wheeler, 2520 Indiana ave.; E. L. Bentley, 2521 Michigan ave.; Wm. M. Olcott, 2550 Prairie ave. Twelfth Precinct. Benedick Schlossman, 86 Twenty-Fifth; B. Baum, 2409 South Park ave.; D. F. Crilly, 2416 S. Park ave.; B. Durr, 8 Twenty-Sixth; James B. Gallaway, 45 Twenty-Fifth. FOURTH WARD. First Prfcinct. James Holloran, 2606 State, D.; Geo. F. Geist, 2713 Dear- born, R.; Wm. Lange, 341 Twenty-Seventh, R.; Bernhard Baumann, 2828 State, D.; Benj. Deacon, 2721 Dearborn, R. Second Precinct. Jacob Weil, 2703 Wabash ave., D.; E. B. King, 2827 Wa- bash ave., D.; M. B. Hull, 2826 Michigan ave., R.; H- Whitbeck, 2841 Michigan ave., D.; W. Gannett, Jr., 3638 Michigiui ave., R. Third Precinct. A. Clasen, 2712 South Park ave,, D.; Wm. J. Watson, THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 49 2640 Prairie ave., R.; Hy. W. Dudley, 2613 Indiana ave., R.; M. Murphy, 2820 Calumet ave., D.; F. W. Farwell, 2705 Indiana ave., R. Fourth Precinct. Fred R. Miller, corner Twenty-Eighth and Cottage Grove ave., D.; Hy. Delaney, Keeley Brew. Co., D.; Andrew Burnhara, 28 Twenty-Ninth, II.; John R. Gearey, 2721 Cottajro Grove ave., D.; Fred Muel- ler, 2700 Cottage Grove ave., R. l-'Hth Precinct. U.J. Woodruff, 40 Thirty-First, D.; O. B. Barker, 2948 Vernon ave., R.; Eli Smith, 3028 Vernon ave., R.; Geo. H. Ketelle, Jr., 3027 Groveland ave., D.; Ira H. Schattuck, 3034 Vernon ave., R. Strt/i Preci?ief.T. Fitzgerald, 2921 South Park ave., D.; Edmund Ohm- stead, 144 Thirty-First, D.; Frank G. Logan. 2919 Prairie ave., R.; Jas. Dono- hue, 3027 Calumet ave.; Chas. W. Newton, 198 Thirty- First, R. Scvcnt'i Precinct.- H. S. Elliott, 243 Thirty-First, D.; Oren B. Taft, 3014 Michigan ave., R.; Jas. F. Gillette, 2908 Michigan ave., R.; L. V. A. Lawrence, 2927 Michigan ave., D.; A. A. Grannis, 2916 Indiana ave., R. Eighth Precinct. A. C. Miller, 2947 Buttertteld, D.; John Keyes, 2969 Dearborn, 1).; H. Daemicke, 2900 State, R.; Jno. McMahon, 2917 Butterfleld; R. E. Moore, 2924 Butterfleld, R. Ninth Precinct. John Savery, 361 Thirty-First, D.: Hy. Snowell, 3136 State, R.; Win. H. Elliott, 3030 State, R.; N. H. Graham, 3145 Dearborn, D.; C. J. Whitfleld, 3113 Dearborn, R. Tenth Precinct. W. H. Condon, 3302 Wabash ave., D.; Chas. E. McDon- nell. 3142 Michigan ave., D.; G. C. T. Morris, 3108 Michigan ave., R.; G. J. Blickhan, 3223 State, D.; W. P. Anderson, 3212 Indiana ave., R. Klrrenth Precinct. W. H. Russell, 3126 Calumet ave., D.; M. LefBer, 215 Thirty-First, it.; G. Howison, 3149 Indiana ave., R.; J. H. Thompson, 3141 In- diana ave., I).; A. II. Pratt, 3229 Prairie ave., R. Twelfth Precinct. J. Morton, 3143 Rhodes ave., D.; Geo. H. Sidwell, 3222 Rhodes ave., R.; J. Neatin, 3210 Rhodes ave., D.; C. C. Greenlay, 3169 Grove- land ave., D.; C. S. Bartlett, 3161 Groveland ave., R. Thirteenth Precinct. 8. R.Williams. 135 Thirty-Fourth, D.; Frank Wells, 19 Groveland park, R.; James N. Smart, 166 Thirty-Fourth, R.; L.Mayer, 3307 Cottage Grove ave., D.; J. N. Buchanan, 3403 Vernon ave., R. Fourteenth Precinct. R. W. Hyman, Jr., 3347 Prairie ave., D.; F. W. Tourtelotte, 3401 Wabash ave., D.; C. C. Chandler, 3347 Wabash ave., R.; J . L. Nelson, SSfi Calumet ave., D.; Jos. M. Steele, 3414 Calumet ave., R. Fifteenth Precinct. Edw. Reddy, 3457 Dearborn, D.; C. Hotchkin, 3336 Wabash ave., R.; Leo Hettich, 3207 Dearborn, R.: H. P. Moran, 3220 Dear- born, D.; Thcophilus Schmid, 361 Thirty-Fourth, R. Sixteenth Precinct. Michael Fahey, a532 State, D.; J. H. Ludden, 3613 Dearborn, D.; C. B. Crombie, 3608 Michigan ave., R.; J. W. Smith, 3604 Dearborn, D.; G. E. Porter, 36.V) Wabash ave. , R. Seventeenth Precinct. M. Doyle, 3701 Butterfleld, R.; Jno. Nourse, 3448 Dearborn, R.; Henry Koehsel, 3722 State, R .: Jos. Johnson, 3806 Dearborn; Chas. A. Shirley, 3824 State, R. hlii.lhtcciith Precinct . Claudel J. Adams, 3656 Indiana ave.,D.; John I. Moran, Thirty-Seventh and Forest ave., D.; S. D. Foss, 3750 Grand boul., R.; U. P. Gerrity, 3615 Forest ave., D.; G.P.Jones, 3625 Indiana ave., R. Nineteenth Precinct. G. W. Lawrence, 1508 Thirty-Seventh, D.; Wm. A. Stanton, 81 Bryant ave., R.; Ben. F. Nourse, 3645 Grand boul., R.; Chas. Pickett, 3622 Vernon ave., D.; Chas. N. Black, 46 Oak ave., R. Twentieth Precinct. John W. Horton, 3542 Lake ave., D.; E. C. Cleaver, 3(515 Lake ave.. D.; John W. Hepburn, 3617 Ellis ave., R.; F. C. Cleaver, 3615 Lake ave., D.; Oramel S. Hough, 146 Thirty-Seventh, R. Twcntu-Firxt Precinct. I. S. Casev, 3746 Johnson ave., D.; C. G. French, 20 Aldinesq., H.; Abner Smith, 15 Aldinesq., R.; E. H. Hatch, 9 Ahlinesq., D.; G. H. Clark, 30 Aldinesq., R. Twenty-second Precinct. J. Cahill, 3720 Cottage Grove ave., D.; Thos. Scanlon, 3816 Lang-ley ave., D.; T. M. Caliger, 3801 Langley ave., R.; W. M. Emerson, 3842 Langley ave.: E. S. Sweet, 3714 Ijingley ave., R. Twcntii-thirtl Precinct. A. C. Huston, 3875 Cottage Grove ave., D.; Alfred D. Eddy, 3834 Ellis ave., R.; Chas. G. Wicker, 3804 Ellis ave., R.; I. H. Jacobi, 3841 Cottage Grove ave., D.; Seward Shepard, 17 Thirty-ninth, R. FIFTH WARD First Precinct. Thomas Tobin, 1716 Clark; Alex. McClelland, 1918 La- Sallc ; C. Miller, 1818 Clark ; Martin E. Wolfe, 1734 LaSalle ; Patrick Corrigan, 1916 I^Salle. 50 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Second Precinct. Jacob Fahanforth, 452 Twenty-second; Jeremiah Murphy, 2140 Archer ave.; Conrad Goebig, 376 E. Twenty-second ; Richard J. Curtin, 2111 Grove ; P. J. Loas, 269 Twenty-first. Tliird Precinct. David Deist, 2101 Archer ave.; Joseph Cloidt, 78 Finnell ; M. Loeb, 213T Archer ave.; AVm. Pfeffner, 66 Finnell ; Otto C. Miller, 312 Twenty -second. Fourth Precinct. S. J. Oehman, 2245 Wentworth ave.; John Ready, 2228 LaSalle ; A. Neuhaus, 2125 Wentworth ave.; J. T. Neeley, 2021 Archer ave.; O. Griflfig, 2217V6 Wentworth nve. Fifth Precinct. A. Martin, 383 Twenty-third; Herman Schmincke, 379 Twenty-third ; Henry T. Sladeck, 48 Bushnell ; Peter Schimmels, 304 Twenty- third ; Frank H. Cloidt, 381 Twenty-third. Sixth Precinct. Fred. Sommer, 329 Twenty-fourth; John Keefe, 214 Twenty-fourth p!.; T. F. Williamson, 180 McGregor ; John Styx, 418 Twenty- fifth ; Henry Diesel, 2422 Wentworth ave. Seventh Precinct. Michael Gary, 2704 LaSalle; C. H. Nortman, 2711 "Wentworth ave.; J. J. Pfordreeher, 2501 Wentworth ave.; Terence Gleason, 2410 La Salle ; Adolph Cohn, 2719 Wentworth ave. Eighth Precinct. Frank Burns, 349 Twenty-sixth ; John Menzenberger, 346 Twenty-sixth; R. F. Brink, 2534 Wentworth ave.; J. H. Gleason, 38 Twenty -eighth ; J. B. Thomas, 2700 Wentworth ave. Ninth Precinct. John N. Duback, 2805 Fifth ave.; Henry Bossi, 502 Thirtieth ; H. W. Pelton, Sr., 2921 Portland ave ; Chas. E. Allard, 86 Twenty- ninth ; John N. Koch, 478 Thirtieth. Tenth Precinct. John Farrell, 3003 Wentworth ave.; Daniel H. Flynn, 3009 LaSalle; John Rennett. 2923 Wentworth ave.; H. Froelich, 3035 Went- worth ave.; John H. Ryan, 2904 Wentworth ave. Elevent h Precinct. P. J. Cuneen, 3165 Wentwort ave.; John Braun, 3100 Wentworth ave.; Sven Johnson, 3^16 Wentworth ave.; J. H. Darrow, 3258 Wentworth ave.; C. Lindeman, 3110 Wentworth ave. Twelfth Precinct. 1. Waldron 3657 Wentworth ave.; Michael J. Duffy, 546 W. Thirty-seventh ; John Kile, 3816 Lasalle; John Burns, 3737 Lasalle; A. W. Rowley, 541 Thirty-seventh. Thirteenth Prccuicf. Michael O'Connor, 3160 Fifth ave.; David Martin. 630 Thirty-seventh ; Eugene Vaughan, 3206 Fifth ave.; Daniel F. Curran, 3240 Fifth ave.: F. Donnelly, 3546 Wentworth ave. Fourteenth Precinct. Dennis Gleason, 3727 S. Halsted ; John Larrisey, 3701 Emerald ave.; Chas. P. Holbrook, 3707 Halsted; Timothy Gorman, 3755 Dashiel ; Michael H. Collins, 3700 Dashiel. Fifteenth Precinct. Henry Behrens, 3621 S. Halsted ; J. Hetherington, 3627 Emerald ave.; D. F. Cohrs, 3559 S. Halsted ; William J. White, 3610 Dash- iel ; John P. Bowes, 3558 Dashiel. Sixteenth Precinct. Daniel Delaney, 3601 Dashiel; Timothy O'Donnell, 744 Thirty-seventh; John O'Connor, 35ll Lowe ave.; Cornelius Reidy, 796 Thirty-seventh ; John B. McAuliffe, 3602 Lowe ave. Seventeenth Precinct. E. J. Baddershaw, 3019 Dashiel ; Jacob Werner, 3001 S. Halsted; Frank H. Brown, 3016 Dashiel; J. J. McKillop, 3101 S. Halsted; James J. Ford, 3038 Dashiel. Eighteenth Precinct. Joseph Hurita, 2902 Parnell ave.; Benj. Burns, 159 Napoleon pi.; Gustaf A. Ohsfeklt, 488 Twenty-ninth; Jno. A. Sullivan, 540 Twenty-ninth ; Alfred Johnson, 3040 Hanover. Nineteenth Precinct. Timothy Griffin, 2625 Dashiel ; James Dwyer, Twen- ty-sixth and Dashie) ; Michael Madigan, 2804 Dashiel ; J. J. Brophy, Dashiel and Twenty-eighth-, Richard Powers, 2615 Dashiel. Twentieth Precinct. August Pniigniiit, 515 Twenty-sixth; Michael Schmidt, 626 Twenty-seventh ; Arthur K. Peterson, 566 Twenty-seventh; David Mullens, 494 Twenty-sixth ; Victor H. Peterson, 566 Twenty-seventh. Twrntii-nrist Precinct. Hat. Eichten, 517 Twenty-fifth; George Scham- berg, 126 McGregor; Nick Steilen, 128 McGregor; Joseph Srahan, 209 Twen- ty-third pi.; C. M. Cotter, 131 McGregor. Twenty-second Precinct. August Mette; 2511 Emerald ave; Dennis Carey, 601 Twenty-fifth ; Jno. Kinsella, Jr., 2424 Sanger ; David L. Leahy, 2424 Sang'er ; H. Sherman, 2542 Sanger. Twenty-third Precinct. Frank Keegan, 2582 Archer ave.; Henry Stuck- art, 2517 Archer ave.; Maurice Crean, 2516 Halsted ; A. G. Begy, 2556 Hickory ; Daniel T. Gorman, Jr., 2552 Hickory. Twenty-fourth Precinct. Daniel McManmon, 3321 Auburn ; John O'Con- THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 51 nor, 947 Thirty-fourth ; James Bancroft, 3433 Auburn ; Redmond Langan. JK343 Halsted ; P. J. Murphy, 867 Thirty-fourth. Twentu-fftli Precinct. James P. A. McDonough, Thirty -eighth and Hal- sted; S. Burkhardt, 3 Thirty-fifth ct.; J. Sohweitman, 3553 S. Halsted; Rob- ert E. Keating, 896 Thirty-sixth ; R. C. Nehls, a r >64 S. Halsted. Twenty-sixth Precinct. Patrick J. Lee, 3308 Ullman; Thos Coogan, 1096 Thirty-fifth ; Jas. W. Dough, 3313 Ullman ; James Tracey, Thirty-fifth and Laurel ; Jno. F. Nachtrich, 3111 Vincennes ave. Twenty-seventh Precinct. Patrick Lane, 3933 Main ; Henry Bailey, 3960 Main ; David Fitzgerald, 3915 Farrell : John E. Cavanaugh, 3858 Main ; Sam. J. Le Clare, 3057 Kan-ell. Twenty-eighth Precinct. Peter Connolly, 3995 Lyman ; Michael Gorman, 876 Thirty-first ; James L. deary, 3987 Bonaparte ; Michael Dillon, 3901 Archer ave.; John J. Page, 3931 Hay nes ave. Twenty-ninth Precinct. J. ,J. Healy, 3638 Hickory; Thomas A. Price, 2859 Deering; James C. Brooks, 3861 Deering; Stephen H. Kelley, 2539 Cologne; Dennis J. Reilly, 2735 Logan. Thirtieth I'm-inet. -Patrick H. Sheahan, cor. Fuller and Hickory; John Lane, 106 Fuller; John W. Conway, 2958 Archer ave.; Daniel Kenifick, 3874 Hickory ; William T. Allen, 3860 Deering. Thirtu-firxt Precinct. Patrick L. Fogarty, 3313 Archer ave.; T. M. Fox, 3169 Archer ave.; Thomas McMuhon, 3159 Archer ave.; Andrew Powers, 3137 Archer ave.; Jas. Breen, 3164 Archer ave. Thirty-xecoiui Precinct. James Kelley, 3412 Bloom; James Woods, 3300 Charlton ; John T. Richards, 3439 Paulina ; Thos. Connolly, Thirty-fifth and Charlton ; James B. Wiltse, 3430 Bloom. Thirty-third Free met. Patrick Healy, 3858 Ashland ave., Ben. H. Boyer, a521 Paulina; Samuel Weightman, 1433 Thirty-fifth; C. J. Hellenthal, 3600 Ashland ave.; Wm. G. Henshaw, 1409 Thirty-fifth. SIXTH WARD. First Precinct. James Gorman, 731 S. Canal, D.; Lorenz Biakink. 88 W. Eighteenth, R.; Wm. Raleigh, 7358 S. Canal, R.; Michael Tobin, 88 Seward, D.; Richard Nelson, 680 S. Canal, R. Second Precinct. Jno. Snmmers, 655 S. Jefferson, D.; Urban Schmitz, 147 W. Sixteenth, D.; A. G. Rueck, 48 String, R.; John Callahan, 54 Ruble, D.; Julius Kratz, 43 String, R. Third Precinct. M. Blako, 67 Canalport ave., D.; W. Wedemeyer, 133 Canalport ave., R.; Henry Ludewing, 676 S. Union, R.; Jos. Desjordin, 147 W. Eighteenth, R.; C. Cobiskey, 125 Canalport ave., D. Fourth Precinct. Patrick O'Neil, 913 S. Halsted, D.; Thos. O'Hern, 16 John's pi., D.; John Griffin, 839 S. Halsted, R.; Thos. Costelle, 138 Twenty-first, D.; H. C. Zuttermeister, 134 W. Twenty-first, R. Fifth Precinct. William Curran, 788 S. Halsted, D; F. R. Lott, 783 S. Halsted, R; C. O. Foedish, 752.S. Halsted, R.; Win. J. Burk, 731 S. Halsted, D.; Chas. Scharf, 750 S. Halsted, R. Sixth Precinct. -C. Brinkman, 708 S. Halsted, D.; Thos. Raleigh, 703 S. Halsted, D.; Wm. F. Roraoser, 688 S. Halsted, R.; John Smith, 597 S. Union, D.; John Bower, 650 S. Halsted, R. Seventh Precinct. Seymour Wilcox, 291 W. Eighteenth, D.; Carl Schultz, 665 S. Morgan, It.; John Ambrose, 5)3 W. Eighteenth, It.; M. Cronan, 66 W. Nineteenth, D.; John Gunterberg, 305 W. Eighteenth, R. Eighth Precinct. Thos. J. Turney, 2 Nineteeth pi., D.; Thos. Hasset, 103 W. Nineteenth, D.; Frank Prell, 192 W. Twentieth, It.; James McMahon, 107 W. Nineteenth, D.; M. W. Wiana, cor. Twentieth and Brown, R. Mnth Precinct. P. Horan, 20 Walsh ct.; Fred Matt, 703 S. Morgan, It.; D. Curran, 695 Center ave.; Chas. Matt, 704 S. May, D.; David Herley, 718 Center ave., 11. Tenth Precinct. Wm.. Shortall, 598 Center ave.; Albert Ernst, 564 Center ave, D.; I. S. Lurie, 586 Center ave., R.; Christ Walleck, 603 Center ave., D.; M. Sikyta, 582 Center ave., R. Eleventh Precinct. James Mayer, 648 Loomis, D.; C. Metzger, 525 Blue Island ave., R.; J. Degoot, 535 Blue Island ave., R.; Ed. O'Connor, 575 W. Eighteenth, D.; J. F. Stepina, 550 Blue Island ave., R. Twelfth Precinct. J. J. McCormick, 2710 Post, D.; John Schroeder, 661 Blue Island ave., D.; A. Brundage, 533 \V. Twenty-second, It.; John Smith, 567 W. Twenty-first, D.; Chas. Hall, 770 Loomis, R. 52 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Thirteenth Precinct. John Foley, 668 W. Twenty-first, D.; Alex. "Wat- son, 739 Hinman, It.; H. Euthof, 748 Hinman, R.; C. Algrim, 847 Blue Island ave., D.; L. Albers, 847 Blue Island ave., R. Fourteenth PrectncLP. Veldon, 777 Hinman, D.; H.Monzel, 788 Hin- man, D.; Miles O'Kelley, 801 W. Twenty-second, R.; R. Forsyth, 62 Am- brose, D.; C. Rohe, 787 Hinman, H. Fifteenth Precinct. Thos Weston, 679 W. Twentieth, D.; L. E. Cook, 649 W. Twentieth, R.; Rudolph lass, 7*5 W. Twentieth, R.; D. McGann, 22 W. Nineteenth ; E. E. Reminder, 003 S. Ashland, H. Sixteenth Precinct. Frank Mokowski, 792 Paulina, D.; R. B. Houghton, 688 Van Horn, D.; Jos. Naperaleky, 681 W. Seventeeth, R.; B. Doniski, 7o9 W. Seventeeth, D.; J. H. Payne, 573 W. Nineteenth, R. Seventeenth J^recitict. Wm. Keefe, 1009 W. Twenty-first, D.; A. Barz, 889 W. Twenty-first, R.; Wm. Schwerin, 977 W. Twenty-first, R.. Wm. B. Sharman, cor. Nineteenth and Western ave., D.: Chas. Kasch, 911 W. Tweiity- first, R. Eighteenth Precinct. George Johnson, 1009 W. Twenty-second, D.; Geo. Bell, 1087 Blue Island ave., D.; John J. Weber, 1050 W. Twenty-second, R.; Dr. Clark, 980 W. Twenty-first, D.; John Lillig. Jr., 1093 S. Hoyne ave., K. Nineteenth Precinct. James Fitzpatrick, cor. Twenty-Sixth and Camp- bell ave., D.; V. Carlson, 308 Parmalee, R.; J. Koeoelk, 1101 California ave., R.; Julius Hoffman, 1054 W. Twenty-first, D., Joseph Little, 322 Parmalee, R. Twentieth Precinct. J. L. Gregory, Millard ave. station, D.; H. H. Tib- betts, Millard ave. station, D.; J. H. Weber, 1120 Millard ave., R.; C. L. Bonney, 1127 Genesee ave., D.; A. Vanderpoel, Millard ave. station, R. SEVENTH WARD. First Precinct. John Keying, 566 S. Canal; Matthew J. Brennan, 99 Wilson ; Servatius Linden, 564 S. Canal ; John Torpey, 148 W. Twelfth ; John McCaffrey, 59 Judd. Second Precinct. -Patrick Downs, 112 Maxwell; B. Denver, 594 Canal; Wm. Hebener, 530 S. Jefferson ; Patrick Kennedy, 25 Liberty ; C. Fragnitz, 100 W. Fourteenth, Third Precinct. John McMahon, 645 Canal; Louis Korter, 631 Canal; Wm. T. Payne, 641 Canal; James Hurley, 88 Wright; J. J. Madden, 13 W. Fifteenth. Fourth Precinc t. M. J. Clinch, cor. Fifteenth and Union ; P. Corkill, 585 Jefferson; Geo. M. Wimmer, 186 W. Fifteenth; Wm. J. Hawkshaw, 548 Union ; Wm. S. Powell, Jr., 227 Newberry ave. Fifth Precinct.- Wm. Upton, 569 S. Halsted ; John Freiber, 580 S. Hal- sted ; C. Mobinski, 582 S. Halsted ; F. B. Handtman, 562 S. Halsted ; Adolph Metzger, 592 S. Halsted. Sirtfc, Precinct. Fred Shroeder, 246 Maxwell; Jno. Farrell, 109 Liberty: George McKenzie, 235 Maxwell ; C. H. Daley, Fourteenth and Union ; E. "J. Stephens, 266 Maxwell. Seventh Precinct. James Clare. 38 O'Brien; F. W. Dodge, 182 W. Twelfth ; Fred Burkhardt, 192 W. Twelfth ; L. J. Niehoff, 26 O'Brien ; John Schneider, 278 W. Twelfth. Eighth Precinct. Morgan O'Brien, cor. Johnson and Maxwell; Peter Jene, 314 W. Twelfth ; R. V. Kennedy, 113 Newberry ave.; Wm. Maloney, 487 S. Halsted ; Albert H. Mussen, 142 Newberry ave. Ninth Precinct. C. J. McGraft, 113 Johnson; John F. Shifler, 85 Johnson ; Wm. Coogan, 91 Johnson ; F. E. Percey, 153 Brown ; Charles Immekus, 126 Johnson. Tenth Precinct. M. Brennan, Thirteenth pi. and Blue Island ave.; Mathias Schaffhousen, 252 Blue Island ave., W. J. Johnson, 375 W. Fourteenth ; M. F. Fleming, 413 W. Fourteenth ; Frederick Henisch, 412 Maxwell. Eleventh Precinct. J as. O'Sullivan, 356 W. Fourteenth ; Wm. Baxter 552 S. Morgan ; Wm. Bartels, 460 Center ave.; T. Mahoney, 2 Henry ; Thos. Ryan, 62 Henry. Twelfth Precinct. John Sullivan, 348 W. Fifteenth ; Patrick Brown, 312 W. Fifteenth ; Joseph H. Girard, 9 Henry ; T. Barry, 299 W. Fifteenth ; J. J. Brown, 312 W. Fifteenth. Thirteenth I 1 reciitct. \\'m. Staats,504W. Fifteenth ; John Derrickson, 429 W. Fifteenth; Val Kopf, X">7 Blue Island ave.; James Phelan, 91 Hastings, Hugo F. Stern, 483 W. Fourteenth. THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 53 Fourteenth Precinct. James Considine, 407 Center ave.; Chas. Meyer, Blue Island ave. and Hasting ; Charles Meyer, 58 Thirteenth pi.; Patrick F. Eustice, 119 Thirteenth pi.; James O'Harra, 72 W. Thirteenth. Fifteenth Precinct.- R. F. Buckley, 479 Loomis; Wm. Wertzler, 131 W. Thirteenth; Henry Fete_meyer, 127 W. Thirteenth; J. H. Buckley, 479 Loomis; John Hickey, 159 Thirteenth pi. Sixteenth Precinct. John Grimes, 164 Hastings; John Kiley, 130 Has- tings; F. Angelstein, north west cor. Lafliin and Thirteenth pi.; G. D. O'Connor, 628 W. '1 -\velfth ; Jno. Coates, 205 W. Thirteenth. Seventeenth Precinct. Joseph Gotthelf, 591 W. Fourteenth; Henry Scherer, 609 W. Fourteenth, T. J. Carroll, 642 S. Ashland ave.; Edward Fox, 270 Henry ; M. J . Dooley, 190 Henry. Eighteenth Precinct. John Cowey, 637 S. Ashland ave.; Phil. Gleason, 692 W. Fourteenth; L. S. Weavei-, 649 S. Ashland ave.; T. Gilmartin, 688 W. Fourteenth ; J. B. Blank, 651 S. Ashland ave. Nineteenth Precinct. Q. McDonna, Paulina and Thirteenth pi.; Jacob Wolf, 702 W. Twelfth; Julius Weldling, 587 S. Ashland ave.; Wm. More- head, 346 Thirteenth pi.; Max Kirchman, 730 W. Twelfth. Twentieth Precinct. Wm. J. Donahue, 532 Thirteenth pi.; George H. Toney, 1200 Fifteenth; Michael J. Rowan, 541 Thirteenth pi.; George W. Wood, Rebecca, near Rockwell ; A. Pf eil, Lincoln . EIGHTH WARD. First Precinct. E. Menzie, 108 W. Van Buren ; A. H. Briggs, 252 S. Des- plaines ; Richard Jones, 92 W. Van Buren ; M. Cagney, 242 S. Clinton ; Am- brose Keating, 252 S. Clinton. Second Precinct. James McCann, 46 Depuyster ; John M. Nagle, 267 S. Desplaines; Wm. F. Knoch, 152 W. Van Buren ; John Kevil, 25 Depuyster; John Z. Rittman, 49 Depuyster. Third Precinct. Eugene Keogh, 200 S. Halsted; Wm. D. Fitch, 2358. Halsted ; Henry White, 229 S. Peoria ; John Ryan, 214 S. Halsted ; Fred Shaw, 235 S. Halsted. Fourth Precinct. W. McCoy, Sangamon and Congress ; L. Adams, 218 S. Morgan ; H. Btnz, Morgan and Congress ; Chas. Anderson, 207 S. Morgan; Fred Wood, 361 W. Harrison. Fifth Precinct. John McGuire, 163 S. Center ave.; J. B. Carter, 349 W. Congress; C. Gillespie, Throop and Congress; F. O'Malley, 416 W. Congress; C. M. Peebles, 286 W. Congress. Sixth Precinct. -W. D. Price, 190 S. Center ave.; Thomas Keating, 199 S. Center ave.; T. Whiteside, 432 W. Harrison; John Hallinan, 212 Aberdeen ; J. Van Persyn, 430 W. Harrison. Seventh Precinct. Maurice Wallace, 33 Miller ; Jeph Le Petre, 19 Gold ; David Byrnes, 49 Miller ; M. O'Brien, 33 Gold ; E. W. Pratt, 17 Gold. EialMi Precinct. James Ryan, 301 S. Halsted ; A. Charles, 77 Blue Island ave. ; P. Sunfield, 23 Blue Island ave.; Otto Ulrichs, 23 Hope ; T. H. Prender gast, 59 Blue Island av. Ninth l^recinct. Frank C. Nagle, 322 S. Halsted; T. T. Manley, 194 Ma- ther ; James Wishart, 166 W. Harrison ; Geo. G. Ernest, l& r > W. Harrison ; J. J. Ahren, Io2 W. Harrison. Tenth Precinct. Thomas Clifford, 305 S. Jefferson; Wm. Lee. 137 W. Polk : James A. Rodgers, 279 S. Jefferson ; James Shey, 207 S. Jefferson ; C. E. Cruikshank. 308 S. Jefferson. Klcccnih Precinct. Patrick Morris, 130 Forquer; Louis Graflus, 415 S. Canal; Henry Kilie, 69 Ewing; Thomas Grace, 120 Forquer; John Schwartz, 4~>5S. Canal. Tinlfth Precinct. Joseph Baths, 341 S. Jefferson; Edward J. Burke, 150 Forquer; Herman Gority, 166 Forquer; Joseph Mangan, 163 W. Taylor; Jas. H. Howe, 135 Ewing. Thirteenth Precinct. Andrew Brennan, 245 W.Taylor; John Kralovec, 189 W. Taylor; James E. Thomas, 206 W. Polk ; James J . Dooley, 192 For- quer; Julius Smidle, 193 \V. Taylor. Fourteenth I'rtdnct. John Adams, 282 Forquer ; John Bolland, 280 For- quer; P. D, Schipperus, 256 P'orquer; Theo. Hurrsch, 235 Forquer; Q. J. Chott, 267 W. Taylor, clerk Justice Eberhardt's court. Fifteenth Precinct. L. Waltersdorf , 365 W. Taylor ; Edward O'Brien, 85 Miller; Jas. Wilson, 86 Miller; E. Adams, 92 Miller; Wm. Roach, 75 Miller. Sixteenth Precinct. John McEnery, Polk and May ; Paul Morand, 331 S. 54 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. May ; John Conwav, Sr., 389X> W. Taylor ; Wni. J. McGrath, Jr., 72 Damon; H. E. Taylor, 33 W. Taylor. Seventeenth Precinct. Patrick N. Kellv, :?T1 Loomis; T. J. West, Gilpin pi. and Lytle; M. Milliter, 259 Center ave.; Wm. D. Kelley, 271 Loomis; Rob- ert Goodwillie, 447 Taylor. Eighteenth Precinct. Patrick Hayes, 17 Nebraska; Henry Armstrong 1 , 117 Lytle ; John Butler, 137 Lytie ; Georgv Conway, 11 Nebraska ; James Mc- Assey, 470 W. Taylor. Nineteenth Precinct. -Patrick fl. C r.nisVoy. .VM W. Twelfth; John T. Golden, 116 Lytle; F. D. i?imw, 128 Lytle ; Joseph Culliton, 361 S. Center ave.; A. H. Ratter, 84 Taylor. Twentieth Precinct. John Schmidt, 20!) Blue Island ave., G. Frauchere, 179 Blue Island ave.; M. Klcttner, 18-' Blue Island .;vt.; Wm. J. O'Brien, 31") Aberdeen ; Chas. Walters, 187 Blue Island ave. Twenty-first Pren'm-?.. James E. O'Brien, 376 S. Morgan; A. D. Terbnsh, 37 Brown ; John Loebstein, 400 S. Morgan ; John Corbett, 5 Johnson ; John Rapp, 17 Johnson. Twenty-Second Precinct. John Houdek, 449 Desplaines: James Doran, 407 8. Halsted ; S. H. Harris, 392 S. Halsted ; John Bohen, 417 is. Halsted ; Andrew Farrell, 200 W. Taylor. Twenty-third Precinct. A. J. Kolar, 448 S. Jefferson; Anton Premier, 440 S. Jefferson ; H. A. Haviland, 184 W. Taylor; James F. Roach, 191 W. Twelfth ; Anton Seidel, 174 DeKoven. Twenty-fourth Precinct. Joseph Kaberna, 107 DeKoven ; P. Bretschnei- der, 103 DeKoven ; Wm, Kasper, 479 S. Canal ; W. J. Wallace, 120 W. Taylor; Frank L. Loudl, 84 W. Taylor. NINTH WARD. Firgl Precinct. J. E. Ferguson, 34 S. Clinton; F. Heartig, Canal and Madison ; M. J. Henderson, Canal and Madison ; J. Heimbrodt, 24 W. Mad- ison; Joseph Biggio, 30 W. Randolph. Second Precinct. James Sollitt, 45 W. Quincy ; John Brown, 198 S. Jef- ferson; John H. Enright, 76 W. Adams; W. J. Maggraff, 180 S. Clinton; Frank Kennedy, 209 S. Clinton. Tliird Precinct. Henry Klein, 33 Boston ave.; James Caldwell, 17 Boston ave.; John Mahoney, 186 S. Desplaines ; A. Thoma, 45 Boston ave.; Chas. W. Waslen, 136 W. Jackson. Fourth Precinct. 1. Felsenthal, 156 S. Desplaines ; Gabriel Tarrell, 157 W. Jackson; Wm. Spence, 138 W. Adams; B. Felsenthal, 156 S. Desplaines; Stephen Griffin, 162 S. Desplaines. Fifth Preiinct. Henry Ennis, 151 W. Monroe ; George K. Jones, 163 W. Adams ; John Graham, 113 S. Desplaines ; C. B. Masten, 180 W. Monroe ; Rob- ert Senott, 124 S. Desplaines. Sixth Precinct. -H. F. Smith, 163 W. Madison; Lon Freeman, 176 W. Madison ; F. D. Cummings, 142 W. Madison ; G. J. Cassels, 168 W. Madison ; R. T. McDonough, 116 W. Madison. Seventh Precinct. Cbas. Herrick, St. Denis Hotel ; C. Collins, St. Denis Hotel; George Bairleon, 72 W. Madison; L. R. Puffer, St. Denis Hotel; Frank Gallery, 82 S. Jefferson. Eighth Precinct. Fred Boerner, 188 W. Randolph: James McCauley, 19 Waldo pi.; W. Wintermeyer, 144 W. Randolph ; John Knold, Randolph and Union ; W. D. Sheley, 118 W. Washington. mnth Preinct. Charles Yott, 241 W. Madison; G. W. Robinson, 242 \V. Randolph ; John P. Kane, 196 Washington ; B. L. Hess, 47 S. Halsted ; T. H. Dillon, 225 W. Madison. Tenth Precinct. Wm. H. Snelson, 285 W. Monroe; L. D. Jones, 42 Car- penter; Chas. Frizzell, 10 S. Morgan ; John Huggins, 48 S. Morgan ; Chas. J. Mapes, 48 S. Carpenter. Eleventh Precinct. Wm. Richard, 125 S. Halsted; Gustavus Jenifer. 220 W. Monroe ; J. B. Crane, 234 W. Monroe ; S. McQuiston, southeast cor. Green and Monroe ; J. M. Barstow, 210 W. Monroe. Twelfth Precinct. )H. M. Titzer, 156 S. Green; Leon Schlossman, 133 S. Peoria; J. McCarthy, 192 S. Saiigamon ; H. B. Smith, 147 S. Halsted; Frank O'Rourkc, 172 S. Green. Thirteenth Precinct. J. N. Carter, 314 W. Adams; W. H. Beidler, 270 W. Jackson ; James Peevey, northeast cor. Morgan and Jackson : R. J. Bas- sett, 133 S. Morgan ; W. W. Miller, 98 Aberdeen. THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 55 TENTH WARD. First Precinct. J. Livingston, 127 N. Desplaines, R. ; J. D. Murphy, 69 W. Kinzie, H. : Joseph Lewis, 151 N. Desplaines, D. ; J. McGivern, 154 N. Des- plaines, D.; J. G. Andey, 134 N. Desplaines, R. Second Precinct. P. Mortenson, 231 Milwaukee ave., D. ; M. Buchbinder, 224 Milwaukee ave., D. ; (). H. Moe, &5 W. Indiana, R. ; Fred Klauer. 186 Mil- waukee ave., D. ; W. E. Cullen, 183 N. Halsted, D. Thirtt Precinct. G. B. Moore, 149 N. Halsted, R. ; L. Mess, 146 N. Union, R. ; Henry Reader, 76 Austin ave., D. ; Martin Canning, 121 N. Green, D. ; F. Oberndorf, 139 N. Hulsted, R. Fmirtli Precinct.. Patrick Hallinan, 153 N. Peoria, D. ; C. Henrichs, 242 Milwaukee ave., D. ; O. Johnson, 127 W. Indiana, R.; C. Knudson, 136 W. Indi- ana, U.; J. McCarthy, 134 W. Indiana, D. Fiftli Pri'dnct. M. Losby, 209 W. Indiana, R.: C. O. Kindley, 221 Indiana, R.; C.'S. Wilson, 167 W. Indiana, D.; Ed J. Dwyer, 136 N. Morgan, D.; H. Olson, 186 N. Morgan, H. Si.rth I'riTini-t. W. H. Ralston, 307 W. Lake; John Garrick, 269 Fulton, D.; G. C. Crofoot, 283 W. Lake, R. ; Leon Conroyd, 45 N. Curtis, R. ; H. A. Mienke, 287 Fulton, D. Seventh Precinct. Wm. Wayman, 247 Fulton, R.; S. Shaw, 278 W. Lake R.; Chas. King, 281 W. Randolph ; Wm. Hunt, 250 Fulton; D. ; Jas. Bortle, 58 Sangamon, R. Eialith Precinct. Henry Pesch, 192 Carroll av., D. ; F. Gettleson, 209 W. Lake, D. ; A. B. Servoss, 46 N. Halsted, R. ; O. A. Rerdel, 19!) W. Randolph, R. ; T. Kenney, 237 W. Randolph, D. Ninth l*i-ecinct. C. A. Perry, 193 W. Lake, R. ; L, Leonhardt, 22 N. Union, R. ; Theodore Mack, 13 N. Union, D.; E. W. Stevens, 32 Desplaines, T. Sherwood, 193 Lake. Tenth Precinct.- B. McGough, 20 V.". Randolph, D. ; M. Kreitling, 6 N. Canal, D. ; T. W. Eaton, 35 N. Canal, R. ; C. Nagle, 63 W. Lake, R. ; A. Franks; 85 W. Randolph, D. ELEVENTH WARD. First Precinct. M. Dougherty, 269 W. Indiana ; John L. Pentecost, 298 W. Indiana; Owen E. Hogin, 250 W. Indiana; T. McDonough, 137 N. Eliza- beth : Lawrence Davy, 160 N. May. Second Precinct. Wm. Fagan, 338 W. Indiana; Thomas Glaven, 382 Austin ave. ; Henry Koehler, 331 W. Indiana; John Navin, 351 Austin ave. ; J. H. Alexander, 146 N. Elizabeth. Third Precinct, Redmund Flynn, 411 Austin ave. ; Thos Ouayle, Jr., 427 W. Indiana; Adam Stark, 465 W. Indiana ; W. Howe, 464 W. Indiana ; John A. Davis, 385 W. Indiana. Fourth Precinct. Theo Schladweiler, 349 Carroll av. ; John Monahaii, 74 Elizabeth : Thomas Shaw, 81 N. Ada ; Thomas McBride, 304 Austin av.; David Hinchliffe, 84 N. Elizabeth. l''il W. Madison. \iiitli I'n-rini-t.- Isaac Wai.vel, 384 Washington bd.; John M. Leet, 368 Washington bd.; John Fairbanks, 16 S Ada ; L. P. Halliday, 3 Elizabeth ; W. C. Mitchell, T S. F.li/.al>eth. Tenth Precinct. C. Degenhardt, 554 W. Madison ; D. M. Kirton, 16 Bishop ct.; A. F. Doremus, 505 W. Madison ; Joseph Cella, 545 W. Madison ; John V. Hair, 120 Ashland av. Klerentli Prn-inct. Fred K. Bowes, 541 W. Adams ; F. K. Tracy, 545 W. Jackson; George Sherwood, 513 W. Adams; W. R. Champlin, 515 Adams; George A. Mai-shall, 63 Lanin. 56 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Twelfth Precinct. B. E. Bremner, 463 W. Monroe ; James M. Horton, 459 W. Monroe ; Gardiner G. Willard, 107 Throop ; Michael D. Flaherty, 89 Loo- mis ; F. E. Whitman, 436 W. Adams. Thirteenth Precinct. Thomas Lonergan, 89 Center ave.; R. M. Outhet, 399 "W. Monroe ; B. C. Hayman, 408 W. Monroe ; Thomas J. Cochrane, 40 Throop : Wm. F. Hair, 407 Center ave. Fourteenth Precinct. Chas Wortmen, 338 Monroe ; N. M. Eisendrath, 345 Van Buren ; L. C. Borland, 365 W. Jackson ; D. F. Burke, Adams and Center av.; W. H. Fessler, 358 W. Monroe. Fifteenth Precinct. A. W. Harlan, 475 W. Congress ; John M. Oliver, 508 W. Congress ; Wm. D. Kent, 494 W. Congress ; D. O'Brien, 30 Plum ; F. S. Cable, 469 W. Congress. Sixteenth Precinct. Nicholas Sinnott, 209 Laflin ; T. G. Martin, cor. Taylor & Laflin ; George T. French, 238 Laflin ; H. Ahern, 328 Loomis ; S. H. Warner, 582 W. Taylor. TWELFTH WARD. First Precinct. A Farrar, 505 Washington boul.; E. D. Wilder, &5 S. Ash- land ave.; H. Burkhardt, 508 Washington boul. ; Wm. W. Wells, 89 Warren ave.; D. B. Hutchinson, 37 S. Ashland ave. Second Precinct. Chas. Heper, 552 Washington boul., R.; Michael J. Dunne, 629 W. Monroe; Geo. Silver, 641 W. Madison ; X. O. Howe, 667 W. Madison. Third Precinct. D. H. Preston. 598 W. Jackson ; E. W. Leroy, 661 W. Jackson ; M. D. Talcott, 243 Ashland ave.; C. H. Tarbell, 246 Ogdeii ave.; E. P. Moran, 612 W. Jackson. Fourth Precinct. L. K. Tucker, 688 W. Monroe ; Robert J. Smith, 688 W. Adams ; Geo. P. Holmes, 685 W. Adams ; G. W. Speck, 678 W. Adams; Geo. E. Marcy, 681 W. Van Buren. Fifth Precinct. M. Baum, 269 S. Wood ; C. H. Horton, 289 S. Paulina ; G. W. Rice, 632 W. Van Buren ; C. O. Tower, 582 W. Congress ; John W. Martin, 264 S. Wood. Sixth Precinct. John McLaren, 339 S. Ashland av.; F. J. Gallagher, 442 S. Wood ; E. F. Cornell, 454 S. Wood ; W. H. McLaughlin, 386 Hermitage ; Lynn Helm, 324 Marshneld ave. Seventh Precinct. A. C. Butzow, 532 Ogden ave.; John F. Lyon, 98 De- Kalb ; John H. Syman 20 Birch ; F. W. Grahn, 94 DeKalb ; Thos. H. McCar- thy, 905 W. Twelfth. Eighth Precinct. F. W. Messenbrink, 459 Ogden ave.; Peter Casey, 7 Lex- ington ; Bernard J. McNulty, 348 S. Robey ; Henry Kuby, 921 W. Polk ; Frederick Barton, 475 Ogden ave. Ninth Precinct. W. S. Elliott, Jr., 418 Idaho ; E. L. Wright, 444 Idaho; Thomas Haydon, 418 Oakley ave.; A. B. Baldwin, 985 W. Polk ; E. P. Haydon, 418 S. Oakley. Tenth Precinct. M. B. Gifford, 299 S. Robey : George Moss, 833 W. Con- gress ; John Hayes, 270 Winchester ave.; J. H. Barnett, 261 Hoyne av.; Wm. Norris, 301 Winchester ave. Kli'rcnth Precinct. M. J. Fitch, 85 Seeley ave.; Adam Weaver, 109 Seeley ave.; Chas Chamberlin, 804 Jackson ; W. H. Rose, 71 Seeley ave.; Arthur Grey, 707 W. Van Buren. Twelfth Precinct. E. F. Allen, 886 W. Adams: Walter S. Bogle, 228 Irving pi.; John A. J. Kendig, 207 S. Hoyne ave.; James B. Muir, 844 W. Adams ; J. B. Edwards, 808 W. Adams. T1:irt?enth Precinct. N. R. Wakeneld, 834 W.Monroe; C. H. Osborn, 839 W. Adams; Chas M. Caswell, 786 W. Madison ; W. O. Ludlow, 144 Hoyne av.; John P. Heath, 850 W. Madison. Fourteenth Prreiin /.. J. B. McDonald, 738 Monroe; John W. Eckart, 719 Adams; Wm. G. Miller, 254 Warren ave.; A. Strayer, 151 Winchester ave.; Mor- ris Wolf, 698 W. Mor.roo. Fifteenth Precinct. W. G. Wood, Park ave. and Lincoln ; Chester Warner, 635 Washington boul.; D. R. Cameron. K50 Washington boul.; E. F. Sabin, 614 Washington boul.; Fred Reitche, 6*3!* Washington boul. Sixteenth Precinct. L. A. Hall, 821 W. Madison; Jacob Birk, 218 Park ave.; I N. Stiles, 263 Warren ave.; R. M. Staurt, 813 W. Madison ; H. Lavis, 809 W.Madison. Seventeenth Precinct. S. G. Willard, 851 Washington boul.; W. G. Mor- ris, 835 WlLake ; Columbus A. Orvis, 384 Park ave.; N. R. Kendall, 3 S. Hoyne; E. S. Cummings, 343 Park ave. THE NEW ELECTION LAW. 57 Eighteenth Precinct . Wm. P. Wing, 935 W. Madison ; Win. M. Brewer, 438 Warren ave.; L. H. Buckbee, 776 Washington boul'; W. B. Smith, Warren ave. and Oakley ; J. McAndrews, Jr., 890 Washington boul. Nineteenth Precinct. - Oscar Huyck, 1009 W. Lake ; George A. Black, 595 Warren ave.; Frank Holland, 1015 W. Madison ; C. W. Leavitt, 4'J8 Warren ave.; E. Falvey, 928 Washington boul. Twentieth Precinct. B. Van Buren, 1249 Madison; James Clinton, 1183 W. Madison ; Homer J. Lefebre, 941 Warren ave.; George W. Spofford, Madi- son near Garfield Park ; Richard K.Walsh, 1157 Madison. Tiventu-firtt Precinct. James Burns, 1183 W. Van Buren ; J. W. Ostrun- der. 1077 Monroe ; W. Strippelman, 1079 W. Monroe ; Jabez Burns, 1183 W. Madison ; John Sherman, 1090 W. Madison. Twenty-Second Precinct. W. J. Hemstreet, 999 W. Adams; D. Kennedy, 1006 W. Monroe ; T. H. North, 1001 W. Monroe ; N. J. Gregg, 1018 W. Madison; Chas. Chenowith, 981 W. Adams. Twenth-third Precinct. L. D. Hammond. 928 W.Adams; C. H. Crane, 243 Campbell ave.; James O'Day, 1022 Jackson ;. S. S. Phelps, 184 S. Western ave.; Sherman P. Cody, 1047 W. Jackson. Twentii-foiirth Precinct. Francis T. Colby, 275 Campbell ave.; Frank I. Darling, 1159 Lexington; S. Remmington, 1172 Lexington ; W. S. Hatfleld,348 Campbell ave.: A. M Danforth, 1024 W. Congress. Twenty-fifth Precinct . G. A. Coffman, 1180 Harvard; A.W.Clark, 1156 Harvard ; E. Carqueville, 1080 W. Polk ; I. D. Clark, 1147 W. Taylor ; R. Ma- hon, 12th, near California ave. Twenty-sixth Precinct. D. H. Jones, 1278 W. Monroe ; John Ryan, 1338 W. Jackson : M. Kellter, 1407 Fillmore ; Jerome Wiltsie, 1233 Wilcox ave.; B. F. Remmington, 1284 W. Van Buren. THIRTEENTH WARD. First Precinct. Thomas Rodgers, 481 Ohio, D.; H. Grusendorf, 495 W. Chicago ave., R.; O. Corqueville, 371 W. Huron, R.; J. J. Wheeler, 437 W. Erie, D.; Frank Sitts, 444 W. Erie, R. Second Precinct. A. l?hnake, 627 W. Chicago ave., D.; Christ McGrath. 467 Huron, D.; C. W. Blatcherwick, 529 W. Erie, R.: P. O. Donnell, 467 Hu- ron, D.; W. R. Hei-on, 592 \V T . Erie, R. Third Precinct. Miles Kennedy, 670 W. Erie, R.; C. McGuir, 259 N. West- ern ave., R.; John Howard, 203 N. Robey, D.; Th. D. Brosman, 867 Superior, D.; Wm. Bird, 240 N. Western ave., R. Fourth Precinct. P. B. Sheil, 54 Indiana, D.; Thomas H. Higgins, 18 Os- born, D.; Capt. D. D. Tompkins, .35 Broom, R.; Thomas Quirk, 565 Indiana, D.; Geo. Sampson, 495 Austin ave., R. /'(/// /')( cini-t. M. Finnegan, 056 W. Indiana, R.: H. B. Murdock, 611 In- diana, R.; J. R. Bm-han, 627 Indiana, D.; Henry Collins, 580 Ohio, D.; Philips. Runyon, 609 Indiana, R. Sixth Precinct. L. Hazzard, 101 Emerson ave., D.; John Holland, 699 W. Indiana, D.; Wm. Tomlinson, 715 W. Indiana, R.; John Phelan, 69it W. Indi- ana, D.; James V. Bi.ssell, 715 W. Indiana, R. Seventh Precinct. Thomas Mannix, 116 Diller, R.; Reuben Slayton, 808 Austin ave., R.; David Blackburn, 817 Austin ave., D.; P. J. O'Shea, 809 W. Indiana, D.; F. E. Miller, 175 N. Western ave., R. Hii/l.tli Prrriiicl. M. Lynch, 532 Austin ave., D.; Rudolph Pape, 590 Aus- tin ave., D.; B. G. Gill, 612 Austin ave., R.; A. McKirdy, 112 N. Roby ; W. W. Gleason, 546 Austin ave., R. Ninth .Precinct. Wm. Reinhardt,673Carrollave.,D.; Capt. W.H. Dobson, 658 Fulton., R.; Nathan Smith, 680 Fulton, R.; J. B. Fitch, 566 Carroll ave., D.; Thomas B. Moore, 692 Carrol ave., R. Tentn Pin-im-t. - John Crowe, 600 W. Lake, D.; W. H. Gallagher, 624 W. Lake, D.; James Frake, 631 Fulton, R.; John Harkins, 59 Walnut, D.; Chas. A. Stone, 130 Walnut, R. />'/< r> nth Pn-cinrt. Alex. D. Kennedy, 684 Fulton, D.; S. F. Greely, 46 Hoy no ave., R.; R.'A. Brown, 798 W. Lake, R.; Jno. Boyce, 750 W. Lake, D.; L. Stedman, 758 W. Lake. R. Twelfth Precinct. Ed Carey, 87 N. Oakley ave., D.; Martin Knowles, 93 N. Oakley ave., D.; Alpha Rockwell, 81 N. Leavitt, R'; Fred Armstrong, 96 N. Oakley ave., D.; F. W. Coffin, 81 N. Leavitt, R. ThirhmUi Precinct. Jos. C. Halut, 361 Walnut; James N.Clark, 895 Fulton, R.; Wm. G. ReW. 807 Fulton, R.; P. C. Desmond, 906 W. Lake, D.; John M. Oakes, 896 W. Lake, R. 58 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Fourteenth Precinct. W. H. Sullivan, 1088 W. Lake, D.; John B. Rice, 80 Artesian ave., U.; S. W. Booth, 38 Seymour, R.; Jno. Martin, 37 Western ave.; Jas. A. Sackley, 1020 W. Lake, R. Fifteenth Precinct. John Collins, 1324 W. Lake, D .; J. E. Davies, 1330 W. Lake, R.; John J. Douglas, 786 Walnut, R.; E. F. Runyan, Jr., 806 Wal- nut, D.: J. C. Satterley, 1345 Fulton, R. Sixteenth Precinct. T. J. Devins, 150 N. Hamlin ave., D.; J. Jackson, 124 Crawford Ave., D.; C. B. Beach, 145 Avers ave., R.; Henry Mather, C. & N. W. slx>i>s, D.; C. D. Knies, 42 Avers ave., R. FOURTEENTH WARD. First Precinct. Fred Marks, 246 Curtis, D.; Fritz Franzen, 296 Milwau- kee ave., R.; J. Pederson, cor. Ohio and Morgan, R.;J. H . Corrigan, 204 Sangamon, D.; Martins Seehaus, 193 W. Erie, R. Set-owl Precinct. Aug. Moe, 291 W. Erie, D.; M. Tearney, 175 W. Hu- ron, D.; Louis R. Johnson, 206 N. May, R.: John Haffey, 44 Bismarck court, D.; James J. Johnson, 206 N. May, R. Third Precinct. Geo. Peterson, 9 Temple, D.; Chas. Ruehl, 265 W. Chi- cago ave., R.; Carl Holm, 261 W. Chicago ave., R.; Richard Cu Horn, 25 Keith, D.; C. H. Duensing, 352 Noble, R. Fourth Precinct. August Classen, 451 W. Superior, D.: P. A. Nash, 244 N. Ashland ave., D.; Wm. C. Eggert, 494 W. Superior, R.: Ernest Ruehl, 256 W. Huron, D.; John A. Walther, 287 W. Huron, R. Fifth Precinct. Wm. Gastfleld, 414 W. Chicago, D.; Henry Bartell, 19 Rose, R.; Geo. Metz, 133 Cornell, R.; J. Gross, Cornell and Ashland, D.; Ed. Metz, 133 Cornell, R. Sixth Precinct '. J . Hermann, 544 Milwaukee ave., D.; Henry Smith, 290 W. Chicago, D.; H . A. Weidell, North Centre av. near Milwaukee ave., R.; P. Thommer, jr., 269 W. Chicago, D.; Wm. Frendenstein, 15 Cornell, R. Seventh Precinct. B. Schoenemann, 92 Cornell, D.; F. Kloeckner, 628 Milwaukee ave.; S. Soornbos, 440 Noble, R.; J. B. Schoenemann, 92 Cornell, D.; L. Leistekon, 590 Milwaukee ave. R' /;.'EAL. This gentleman, who succeeded Mr . McNurney in the tenth ward, is a Republican, and engaged extensively in the real-estate business. ij SAMUEL SIMONS. The Alderman from the eleventh ward, is a large manu- facturer of printer's furniture and railroad ticket cases, and has been engaged in the business in Chicago for the lest twenty-five years. Mr. Simons was born in London, England, in 1837. He came to America in 1853 and located in New York City. In 1855 he came to Chicago, and for five years fol- lowed his trade as a carpenter and joiner. From that he drifted into his present business . SAMUEL KERR. Elected under the new election law in the eleventh ward, Mr. Kerr was born in McHenry county, Illinois, went to Portage, Wisconsin, and graduated from Columbia College . He is an attorney . WALTER S. HULL. Representing the twelfth ward in the City Council, Alderman Hull is an attorney, commanding an extensive practice. He was born in Industry, Ohio, March 13, 1847, and probably inherited his political instincts from his father, who served his state as a Senator . Alderman Hull graduated from Yale College in 1870, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1874. He ran ahead of his ticket when 128 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. elected from the twelfth. It may be added that Mr. Hull's father was Colonel of the Thirty-seventh Indiana, and died from the effects of a wound received at the battle of Stone Eiver. Alderman Hull is a member of the Com- mittee on Judiciary, Police and Printing. J. L. CAMPBELL. Alderman Campbell was born in Livingston county, N. Y., and came to Illinois at the age of nineteen, settling in Elgin. He was educated in Iowa University, in Lafayette, and has practiced law ever since. He transacts an extens- ive real estate business also. When the question was agitated of organizing Montana Territory, Alderman Campbell first became a public man. He was invited to represent that region in congress, but was intercepted by a horde of Indians while en route to the locality. He was first elected Alderman in 1869. He was. repeatedly elected. JOHN W. LYKE. The senior Alderman of the thirteenth ward is a nourishing grain and commission merchant. He was born in Schoharie, New York, in 1836, and after some years spent in Oswego, came to Chicago. He worked for as little as seventy-five cents per day on the "raging canal," and soon rose to the proud position of Captain of a canal boat. The early life of Alderman Cullerton, by the by, was also spent on the canal. During the fire of 1871 Alderman Lyke was in Havana, 111., but he quickly hur- ried to the relief of the destitute of Chicago, with almost a million bushels of wheat. Many prominent citizens of today remember with great gratitude his magnanimity during those trying days. Alderman Lyke is a member of the Committee on Fire and Water and Streets and Alleys of the West Division and BridewelL CHICAGO'S COUNCILS. 129 JAMES A. LAJSTDON. Elected under the new election law, in the thirteenth ward, Mr. Landon pursues the even tenor of his way in Room 21, 84 LaSalle street. He is unquestionably no pol- itician, it being only after the most earnest solicitation that he decided to run. He was born in 1841, near Mans- field, Tioga County, Pennsylvania. He was a schoolteacher and farmer ; joined the One Hundred and Sixth Pennsyl- vania in 1861, and was Captain of Company B of the One Hundred and Fifty-third Illinois. He was wounded at Gettysburg. FRANK SCHACK. The junior Alderman of the fourteenth ward, Frank Schack, was born in Launburg, Germany, in 1836, and attended the common school of his native place. When he made Chicago his home at the age of thirty, he had traveled through the principal cities of the Old World and encountered the whims of all nationalities in his occupa- tion as a hotel clerk. In company with Messrs. Eckart & Buehler, he transacted a flourishing wine and liquor trade at 78 La Salle street, but he eventually entered the real estate and insurance business, and in this remunerative occupation he is interested at present. He stands high, especially among the Germans. D. W. RYAN. This gentleman as a Republican, succeeds Michael Ryan, a Democrat, and a very strong one in the fourteenth ward. D. W. Ryan is a Union veteran, and is the owner of an extensive coopering establishment. WILLIAM EISFELDT, JR. The Alderman from the fifteenth ward was born in the city of Madgeburg, in the Prussian province of Saxonia, February 13, 1852. Arriving here when but a mere infant, 9 130 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. our subject adopted America for his future home, it is true ; but he still preserves in his character a deep respect for all those who hail from his mother country. He has been twice elected to the City Council. He is a liquor dealer. JOSEPH H. ERNST. This gentleman succeeds Alderman Young in the fifth- teenth ward, and is a very popular German-American, who by hard work has made a most durable record for himself in Chicago. He is an extensive real-estate dealer. HENRY SEVERIN. Alderman Severin, of the sixteenth ward, was born in Morlaw, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Ger- many, February 14, 1847. He has lived in Chicago since 1854. Mr. Severin was a Health Inspector at one time, and is now chief bailiff of the Criminal Court of Cook County. He is a valuable officer. JOHN H. COLVIN. John H . Colvin, Alderman of the sixteenth ward, was born October 25, 1848, in Little Falls, Herkimer county, New York, where his father, Hon. Harvey D. Colvin, ex- Mayor of Chicago, and General Agent of the United States Express Company, which he organized in Chicago with a capital of $500,000 in 1854, for seventeen years manufactured boots and shoes. The Alderman, a Demo- crat, was elected by a plurality of 400; Anton Imhof, a Kepublican ex- Alderman, and Matthias Eisner, a Socialist, running against him. It was a grand battle, Mr. Colvin's most intimate friends having endeavored to dissuade him from appearing in the field. Young Colvin attended the academy in Little Falls, up to the age of thirteen. In 1853, the family removing to Chicago, he was sent to the Haven school, on Madison near Dearborn, opposite the Tribune office. At the age of CHICAGO'S COUNCILS. 131 sixteen he went into the service of his father, in the United States Express office. On June 12, 1862, he entered the army as First Lieutenant of Battery M, First Eegiment Illinois Light Artillery, and served up to October 1863 as such, when under an order of the War Department he organized the Colvin Battery, which subsequently was organized as Battery "K" to the First Illinois Light Ar- tillery. On June 12, 1865, he was mustered out, having participated in the battles of Perrysville, Spring Head, Triune, the Siege of Knoxville; taken an active part in the East Tennessee campaign; followed Longstreet into Vir- ginia and pursued Jeff. Davis into South Carolina. Ee- snming civil life, Mr. Colvin returned to. the express busi- ness as Assistant Cashier, and served up to November 1881, when he was appointed the Chief Deputy for the Collector of the Town of North Chicago. This he relinquished on the eve of his election as Alderman of the sixteenth ward, in 1882. He was reflected in 1884 and in 1886. JOHN A. LINN. The senior Alderman in the seventeenth ward was born in Calmar, Sweden, June 25, 1848, and came with his parents to America in 1855, and settled in Chicago in 1860. He first went railroading, served as a bridge-tender, was in charge of the crib one year, was a member of the police force from 1873 to 1879, and is today a most successful proprietor of a livery and undertaking business at 308 Di- vision street. Though engaged in a rather gloomy busi- ness, Mr. Linn's disposition is by no means funereal. With first class business instincts is combined an elasticity of spirits which in no small degree explains Mr. Linn's success in life. THOMAS J. CARNEY. Elected in the seventeenth ward, the son of ex- Alder- man " honest Tom " Carney, was born in Chicago in 1860. 132 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. He grew up in the north town of Chicago, and knows every nook and corner of it. He served with credit on engine 27, of the fire department and on the police depart- ment . He is a partner in the feed business at 65 N . Mar- ket street, of William Kelley, an old member of engine No. 14, and conducts a sample room on North Market street . JACOB H. TIEDEMA]Or. This gentleman was elected in the eighteenth ward un- der the new election law. He was born in 1848, in New Orleans, and came to Chicago in 1862 . He is largely in- terested in real estate, and is a bachelor. He is well known to the fashionable people of north Chicago, and is a cen- tral figure at their interesting entertainments. WILLIAM R. MANIERRE. The senior alderman in the eighteenth ward, is the son of the distinguished Judge Manierre, now dead, and was born in Chicago, April 25. 1847. He was first elected in 1882. In his business and social relations his attitude is enviable. CITY OFFICIALS. THEODORE T. GURNET. The affable City Comptroller of Chicago, was born in Ogdensburgh, New York, September 4, 1820, and was there educated . He commenced the study of law in his father's office, but it was not long before legal quibblings became disinteresting, and commercial pursuits attracted him . Coming to Chicago in 1856 he obtained the posi- tion of book-keeper for Hunger & Armour, afterward Munger, Wheeler & Co., grain merchants, and held it up to 1860. In 1862 he was appointed Chief Grain Inspector for the Board of Trade, and thereafter up to 1878 transacted a commission business . Mr . Gurney was, is, and always will be, a Democrat . As such he led a forlorn hope in the tenth ward, where he was defeated for Alderman. In 1877, however, his business capacity and sterling integrity secured his election as su- pervisor of the West Town of Chicago. He was appointed comptroller in the spring of 1879 . DEWITT C. CREGIER. DeWitt Clinton Cregier has been connected with the public works of Chicago for thirty- three years . For twen- ty-five years he filled the position of chief and designing engineer of the Chicago Works ; for three years he was City Engineer, and has just entered upon his fifth year as Commissioner of Public Works. He was born June 1, 1829, and is the son of John L. and Ann E. (Fort) Cregier, daughter of the well-known 133 134 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ship master, so long identified with the merchant marine of New York; cousin of Henry Inman, the portrait painter, and a relative of Daniel D . Tompkins, the Vice President of the United States. An orphan at the age of thirteen, young Cregier commenced to work for a livelihood at the age of sixteen in the engineer's department on the steamer Oregon, running on Long Island Sound. In 1851 he was connected with the engineer corps of the United States mail steamers, plying between New York, Havana and New Orleans. In 1853 he came to Chicago to superintend the first pumping machinery for the water-works. Since that time he designed and superintended the construction and erection of all the machinery now in use at both water works, including the double pumping engine, the largest in the world. Mr. Cregier stands very high socially. He married Miss Mary S. Foggin, of New York, August 2, 1853, and is the father of six sons and one daughter, all of whom were born in Chicago, and are living. WILLIAM M. DEVINE. William M. Devine was born in Ireland in 1844. In 1864 he came to the United States and after recovering from a long illness caused by privations during the voyage from the old country, having been nine weeks at sea on a disabled vessel, he joined the army and went as far south as Cairo. The war luckily ended soon after he enlisted and he, with the other recruits, were ordered to their respect- ive homes . Mr. Devine upon his return from the army, went to work for his brother, who was in the milk business and soon saved enough money to go into business for him- self. This was in 1866, and his business progressed so rapidly under his skillful management that he was soon classed among Chicago's most successful and upright busi- ness men. In 1868 Mr. Devine's success in life permitted CITY OFFICIALS. 135 him to visit his mother country and his old home where his mother resided. During the great fire of 1871 he shared the fate of many other North Siders, and when the poor homeless people sought Lincoln Park as a temporary home, he directed the drivers of his wagons to distribute the milk among the unfortunates. Mr. Devine's financial success is not due chiefly to his milk business. He is a shrewed financier and made several lucky investments in real-estate. In 1879 he again visited Ireland, this time accompanied by his wife. While in his native country he distributed thousands of dollars among the victims of unrelenting landlords, and on his return brought one hun- dred and fifty of the unfortunates to this free country, paying for their transportation out of his own means. He took an active part during the Tilden campaign and since that time he has gradually drifted into politics. In the spring of 1885 he was selected as the Democratic candi- date for City Treasurer. HEMPSTEAD WASHBURNE. The City Attorney who is the son of Elihu B. Wash- burue, was born at Galena, 111., November 11, 1852. He prepared for college at Kent's Hill, Me. In 1871 and 1872 he was a student in the University of Bonn, Germany, and returned to this country in 1873, locating at Madison, Wis. Here he read law in the office of Gregory & Pinney. Graduating in the Wisconsin University lie entered the law office of Barber & Lockner and attended the law schools at the same time. In 1876 he established a law office with Henry S. Bobbins and in 1883 with ex-Senator Lyman Trumbull. The firm existed until he was elected City Attorney. In 1880 he was appointed Master in Chancery of the Cook County Superior Court. He was elected City Attorney by about 2,000 majority ; the majority the other way at the preceding city election being about 10,000. He is extremely popular. 136 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. FBANCIS A. HOFFMAN. Francis A. Hoffman, Jr. resigned the presidency of the election commissioners to accept the position of corpora- tion counsel . He is a German Democrat and his position among jurists is a very exalted one. WILLIAM J. ONAHAN. This erudite gentleman who fills the very responsible position of City Collector is a native of Leighlin Bridge, Carlow county, Ireland, whence the family removed to Dublin in 1845. In 1851, on St. Patrick's day, they landed in New York City. As an office boy our subject gained a very high regard from his employers, and as an assistant book-keeper he earned and secured the best recom- mendations in New York City. He was employed by a large clothing firm. In 1854 he came to Chicago and at once was identified with Irish and Catholic institutions. He has written voluminously as to both, and connected therewith has today one of the best private libraries in the world. In 1857 he was made Secretary of the CatHolic Institute, also President of the Society of St. Vincent De Paul. He was one of the organizers of the Twenty-third Illinois Infantry. He was a member of the Board of Edu- cation in 1863 and a Director of the Public Library and was created a Director of that institution in 1873 for eight years. In 1881 he was elected its President. In 1864 he founded St. Patrick's Society ; was its first President and was reelected. He was first made City Collector in 1869. In 1879 he was reappointed by Carter Harrison and unani- mously confirmed by the council. Mr. Onahan was one of the organizers of the Second Regiment and was President of the Regimental Associa- tion. He was one of the founders of the Charity Organ- zation Society ; was its first Vice- President and is one of the directors of St. Mary's Training School. CITY OFFICIALS. 137 The following gentlemen are attached to the City Col- lector's office : Special Assessment Clerk James J. Meathe. License Clerks M. B. Wells, Charles F. Wagner. Delinquent Water Clerk J. S. Chesbrough. C. HERMAN" PLAUTZ. The City Clerk was born October 20, 1844, in Klein Sabow, province of Pomerania, Germany, and came to America at the age of eleven. In 1861 he came to Chicago and established himself in the drug business. He built himself up rapidly, and was chiefly instrumental in organizing the Chicago Drug and Chemical Company. He had hardly withdrawn from this institution when he was elected City Clerk. Mr. Plantz is a very quiet gen- tleman, and represents the ultra-modest phase of politics. CHARLES GASTFIELD. The Assistant City Clerk was born September 23, 1855, in Chicago. He attended the High School, and after- wards the Dyrenf urth Business College. Having made good records in both institutions, he entered the planing-mill business under his father. Thence he went into the whole- sale department of Field & Leiter, where he was just about thoroughly appreciated when the notion suddenly caught him to enter the real-estate business with Harrison & Weeks. Subsequently he was appointed to a responsi- ble position in the water office, and on the assumption of the City Clerkship by Mr. Neumeister, he was selected his chief clerk. Mr. Gastfield is industrious, cool-headed, and decidedly courteous. ALEXANDER KIRKLAND. The Building Superintendent was born September 24, 1824, in Kilbarchan, near Glasgow, Scotland. He was 138 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. educated in the parochial school of his native village, and graduated from the High School of Glasgow. When seven- teen years of age he began the study of architecture and civil engineering, and pursued it industriously for six years. In mathematics he ranked very high. When twenty-four years of age he went into business himself as an architect, and for fourteen years he stood among the foremost artists of Glasgow. Among other edifices, he built St. Vincent Crescent and Napier Place, costing $2,000,000 ; the Both well street business block, costing $1,500,000 ; the approaches of the suspension bridge over the Clyde, Anderson & Go's wholesale warehouse, one of the largest in the city of Glasgow, and the public monu- ment to Alexander Theatre Royal. Locating in London, he was a prominent architect there for five years ; and when a national monument was contemplated to the memory of Prince Albert, his design was received with the most flattering compliments of the Queen. In 1866 he came to New York, where he remained two years, and im- mediately after the great fire in 1871 he became a citizen of Chicago. In social circles Mr. Kirkland touches a de- cidedly prominent figure. WILLIAM EDGAB. William Edgar, chief clerk and private secretary for Mr. Kirkland, Superintendent of the Building Depart- ment, was born February 25, 1848, in Stranaer, Scotland . He was educated in the Free Church school and Stranaer academy. He came to America HI the spring of 1869. When the lamented Daniel O'Hara was clerk of the Re- corder's Court, now the Criminal Court, Mr. Edgar was appointed on his staff. If Stephen A. Douglas was Dan. O'Hura's political Gamaliel, William Edgar worshipped at the same shrine . In other words, Edgar is a Democrat, dyed in the wool. CITY OFFICIALS. 139 In 1873, when the People's party had succeeded, he was appointed Deputy City Clerk, by Joseph K. C. Forrest, City Clerk. He remained in that position until the elec- tion of Mayor Heath, when he was removed for political purposes. He was appointed Secretary of the Building Department by Superintendent Kirkland, with the consent of Mayor Harrison, in 1878. His -ideas of architecture were nourished by industrious service under Colonel S. V. Shipman, of Chicago, under whose tutelage he spent three of the best years of his life. D. o. WILKIE. Building Inspector Wilkie (brother, by the way, of Franc B. "Wilkie, the distinguished journalist and author), was born in West Charlton, Saratoga county, N. Y., Au- gust 2, 1835, and received a common school education. Like the other members of his family, Mr. Wilkie showed his self-reliance by going it alone when of an age when some other boys are dragged along at the end of their mothers' apron strings. He made a carpenter of himself in a brief time a^t Elgin, 111., but after a time improved his circumstances by entering the enginerrs' department of the Illinois Central railroad. In 1868 he came to Chicago and worked at his trade of carpentering. He did the car- penter work on the Times building, after the great fire. He was appointed Building Inspector under Mayor Colvin, and is one of the oldest officers in the service. Mr. Wil- kie is a member of Cleveland Lodge A. F. and A. M., of La Fayette Chapter, and St. Bernard Commandery, K. T. No. 35. He has been a Mason since 1862. He was drafted in the Mound City navy-yard, but was not required to serve. JOHN" AGNEW. Inspector Agnew was born in Dundee, Scotland, in May, 1832. When twenty years of age he came to Amer- 140 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ica, and became a mason and brick-layer, and is recognized as one of the best in the western country to day . Almost since his arrival in Chicago, John has been intimately identified with fire matters. At a fire in 1865 he was very seriously injured by a falling wall. He had his arm broken and exhibits scars on his face to day, recalling his narrow escape from death. In 1873 he was appointed Fire Warden, and acted as such up to the organization of the Building Department, when he assumed his present duties. The following is a list of the attaches of the Building Department: Alexander Kirkland, Commissioner; William Edgar, Secretary; W. J. Cochrau and James Duncan, Clerks; John Mowat, Elevator Inspector; John Agnew, Daniel 0. Wilkie, James Moran, James Crowe, Patrick Carroll, Joseph E. Skerritt, George Holt, building inspec- tors, and Charles E. Hildreth, Inspector of Fire Escapes. OSCAR C. DE WOLF. The Health Commissioner, was born August 8. 1835, in Massachusetts. He graduated at the University of New York, studied medicine in Paris, and served four years in the army as a surgeon. In 1873 he came to Chicago and in 1877 was appointed to his present position by Mayor Heath. BROCK. L. M'VICKAR. Brockholst Livingston McVickar, who, as "Wild Ed- gerton," is familiar to a large portion of the reading public in America and Europe, is Secretary of the Health De- partment. Mr. McVickar was born on St. Valentine's Day, 1842, in the city of Buffalo. The father of our sub- ject, who was a prominent physician, brought his family to central New York in the interest of his rapidly growing practice, and when fourteen years of age, Brock, was placed in the Rensselaer Polytechnic School of Troy, N. Y. Hav- ing graduated, he followed civil engineering for several CITY OFFICIALS. 141 years. He was afterward appointed private secretary to the superintendent of the Illinois Central Eailroad. With this corporation he remained in various capacities up to 1864, when he accepted a position on the staff of Eear- Admiral Gregory, in the iron-clad navy department of New York. In the meantime he was busy in literature. In 1870 he published "Eailroad Life in America," and subse- quently " Wreath of Evergreens." At the close of the war he went abroad, but soon returned to accept a position on the Northwestern Eailroad ; lecturing in the meantime upon "Paris under the Empire" and kindred subjects. When Hon. H. D. Colvin was elected Mayor, he entered the Water Department, and when Dr. McVickar, his father, now dead, became Commissioner of Health he was appointed his secretary. He has continued Secretary of the depart- ment ever since. The following are attaches of the office : Medical In- spector South Division, E. W. Sawyer ; West Division, G-. Garrett; North Division, J. M. Hall. Louis Merki, Clerk ; M. K. Gleason, Eegister. Health Officers : Louis Merki, T. P. Mahoney, William Crowley, Samuel Wilson, A. F. Bradley, Walter Smith, Daniel O'Connor, Joseph E. Gorman, John Daley, Daniel Sullivan, Michael Lavin, James Wilmot, Thomas Flood, Patrick Wall, Hon. Dennis Considine, Solomon Marks, James Trew, William Harder, Thomas Sweeney, George E. English, W. H. Gunning, Joseph Gruenhut, chief of Tene- ment Department, James Carney, A. F. McCarty, Frank McCormick, George Eodgers, W. F. Dillon, Alex. Mon- teath, Thomas Eandall, C. J. Schulz, W. Majeski, John Manna, William Madden, C. Botthof, M. McNulty, Thomas Healey, J. J. McMahon, William E. Langdon. HERMAN LIEB. General Lieb, the ex-Chief of the Water Department, was born in the canton of Turgau, Switzerland, in 1826. 142 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. On the paternal side he is of Swiss origin, and on the maternal side Danish. At the age of nineteen he went to Paris, France, and entered, in company with his brother, a mercantile life. In 1848 he joined the Garde Mobile, and in February and June of that year participated in all of the battles fought in the streets of Paris. In 1851 he came to America, and in 1856 he settled in Decatur, 111., and remained there until the war of the Eebellion. He now enlisted in the Eighth Illinois Infantry under General Oglesby. He was present at Fort Henry, Fort Donel- son, Shiloh, and the siege of Corinth. Appointed a Cap- tain, he accompanied Logan's division to Vicksburg in charge of the skirmishers, and when the "'Bend" was at- tacked he was wounded in the left leg. Under orders from General Grant, General Lieb raised a colored regiment of heavy artillery, and for meritorious service was soon ap- pointed Inspector General of the department of the Mis- sissippi. Mustered out, Mr. Lieb went to Springfield and founded the Illinois Post, a German Republican paper, and two years later he came to Chicago, and, with Mr. Brentano, started the Abend Zeitung. Subsequently he started the German American and the Union, and he is now conduct- ing another German paper, known as the Chicago Demo- crat. JOHN W. LYONS. The Cashier of the City Department of Public Works, was selected by Mayor Harrison entirely unsolicited ; nor was his preferment due to political influence. His past record in the service of the municipality alone induced his Honor to appoint him. Mr. Lyons was born at Sandusky, 0., June 13, 1852. When he was two years of age the family came to Chicago, and when John was twelve years of age he was sent to Eastman's Business College. Leaving there, he entered the law office of Blodgett & Winston, the former of whom has presided for so long, and with so CITY OFFICIALS. 143 much satisfaction, on the United States bench. The lat- ter is one of the foremost members of tho Chicago bar. Finding the law incongenial, our subject secured employ- ment as a messenger boy for the old Chicago & Milwaukee Railroad office, and soon, although very young, became telegraph operator for the same road. His next occupa- tion was that of time-keeper for J. S. Lyons, his father, engaged in the reconstruction of the same road. Subse- quently he became a clerk in the Michigan Central Rail- road office, and, rapidly winning the confidence of his su- perior officers, was appointed assistant cashier in 1871, and served up to 1879, when he became Assistant Cashier of the City Department of Public Works. He assumed his present position on the resignation of John Hise, cashier, December 19, 1881. A quite romantic incident is recorded in the career of Mr. Lyons. A cousin visiting him in this city so highly extolled the merits of a young lady residing in Kenton, Hardin county, Ohio, that our subject opened a correspond- ence with her. It was not long before he visited Kenton, met her, and after three days of a personal acquaintance made her his wife. Mr. Lyons considers the event the most fortunate of his life. E. ESTELLE GILBEET. E. Estelle Gilbert was born at Philadelphia. When he was five years of age his father was killed by a fall from a building, placing the family in rather saddening circum- stances. At the age of six years he was sent to Girard college, where he graduated at the age of sixteen. He was now bound to a farmer in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, but ran away and entered the army, April 19, 1861. He enlisted in Company C, Ninety-ninth Regiment, Pennsyl- vania Volunteers. He fought in Gettysburg, Hagerstown, the Wilderness, Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg, and it might be said participated in all the engagements fought 144 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. by the army of the Potomac, -being wounded in both knees and arm and rising to the captaincy. He was stationed at Point Lookout, Maryland, at one time as acting assistant quartermaster. Mustered out, he at once came to Chicago and entered the paper warehouse of Gilbert & McCann. The firm dissolving, he was appointed water inspector and served as such until after the great fire. He was at this time appointed a clerk in the water office by Commissioner Prindiville, and assumed charge of the North Division books. On the election of Mr. Harrison as Mayor he was appointed Chief Clerk in the water office. He has the un- bounded confidence of his superiors and his associates and the respect of the general public. The following is the roster of the water office: Super- intendent, J. P. Hand; Chief Clerk, John M. Furmin; Cashier, John W. Lyons; Assistant Cashier, John C. Cullen; Registrar, W. J. Maher; Assistant Registrar, E. E. Gilbert and J. Lynch; Clerks, M. O'Brien and R. Bunman; Messengers, Hugo Schuepff and Charles E. Gil- bert; Assessor, Thomas Pattison; Assistant Assessor, C. J. Vogell; Assessor's Clerks, F. H. Braumer, 0. Foerster, J. E. Pettibone, P. M. Nichols and G. D. Philps; Draughts- men, Arthur Erbe, F. Hildebrand, G. A. Buner and Lud- wig Pechmann; Permit Clerk, H. G. Naper; Assistant Clerks, J. B. L. Lemoine and D. W. Rowland; Plumbing Inspectors, J. E. Ward, James Jordan, James Clancy, Emil Biedermann, M. G. O'Connor, William Forristal and L. T. Barclay; Tap Inspector, G. A. Kerndl; Tappers, T. Waters, Daniel Dore, John Harrison and John Doyle; Meter Clerk, William H. Reed; Assistant Meter Clerks, J. B. Lewis, G. 0. Rictor and Gus. Vernit; Collectors, W. J. McNamara, Joseph Schofield and L. G. Pope; Rate Takers, L. .Collins, Pat Lynch, Mike Riordan, L . Altpeter, D. Mackey, H. G. Prell, J. O'Donnell; Expressmen, M. D. Coulahan, Pat. Railey, CITY OFFICIALS. 145 JOHN COMISKEY. This gentleman, well known of late years as the anti- machine politician, was born in Crosserlough, Cavan, Ire- land, in 1826, and in 1848 he came to New Haven, Conn., and interested himself in the lumber business. In 1853 he came to Chicago, and had charge of the incoming freight on the Eock Island road until 1863, when he engaged his services to Shufeldt & Croskey, the prominent distillers. He then became connected with the Fort Wayne cattle-yards as superintendent of shipments. His first political experience, it may be said, was in the Inter- nal Revenue Service under Gen. Wallace, acting under the administration of Andrew Johnson. On the election of Gen. Grant, Mr. Comiskey, being a Democrat, was removed. In 1870 he was employed as a book-keeper by Henry Greenebaum, the successful banker of that period. In 1875 he was appointed Clerk of the Board of Cook County Commissioners. In 1878, on the expiration of his term of office, he entered the book trade. He then entered the service of the city and is now book-keeper in the city treasurer's office. Mr. Comiskey has served eleven years in the City Council. He was first elected in the spring of 1859 to represent the tenth ward. At this time there were only ten wards in the city. A subdivision of the wards compli- cated aldermanic politics forthwith. In 1861 he was elected to represent the seventh ward; also in 1863 and '64; in '66, to represent the eighth ward, and in '68 to rep- resent the ninth ward. In the last year of his term in the Council he was elected as President, the first time the office was created. For a quarter of a century Mr. Comis- key has figured prominently before the public. His voice has always been heard on the side of reform. His inde- pendence of character is well known. Among the most notable of his recent achievements was his introduction of 10 146 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. the Hon. John F. Finerty to the people of the second district, which, although overwhelmingly Democratic, elected Mr. Finerty to congress independently. CHARLES E. FELTON. The present Superintendent of the House of Correc- tion of Chicago is another of the many officials whose biography has never been written; but may well be, as it will show a life of business activity and official success not often equaled in the histories of the so-called office-holders of our cities. It is said of him that he never received an unfavorable criticism from the press, during a continuous public service of twenty-three years, twenty-one of which were as the Superintendent of penal and correctional in- stitutions. Mr. Felton was born Sept. 18, 1831, in Barre, Worces- ter County, Mass.; consequently is fifty-two years old. His ancestry, on his father's side, he traces back in direct line to Nathaniel Felton, who migrated from England in 1631, and settled at Salem, Mass. From that source nearly all of the Feltons now in this country may well claim ori- gin. His mother was of English and Scotch descent, dat- ing back, however, as settlers in America on her father's side a Johnson nearly two hundred years. Hence, if any man now holding office in this city can make claim to being an American by ancestry and by birth the subject of this sketch surely may do so. Mr. Felton's early life was devoted to the art preserva- tive; at the age of fourteen years he was installed as printer's devil, in an obscure country printing-office, at Barre; but not liking the routine of an office-sweep and carrier-boy, he early took the several degrees in the mysteries of the art, and we find him occupying the position of " sub " on the New York Tribune in the winter of 1849; and, in 1850, he had taken Horace's advice and gone west, stopping at Cincin- CITY OFFICIALS. 14:7 nati, where he was employed as foreman of the job depart- ment of the Chronicle and Atlas. Leaving Cincinnati as a sort of printer's tramp, he passed the winters of 1850-51 in Indianapolis, Ind., and Columbus, Ohio, on state work, and the summers at Buffalo, N. Y., the latter of which places he afterward made his home, until called to occupy the position he now holds. During his residence at Buf- falo he was several years foreman of the book and job de- partments of the Commercial Advertiser, the then finest job printing establishment in the West, if not in the coun- try; and afterward was in business for himself until health failing him he was elected as Superintendent of the peni- tentiary in that city. He held the office of City Alderman one term, was nine years Superintendent of the peni- tentiary at Buffalo; and is now serving his twelfth year as General Superintendent of the House of Correction of this city, making a continuous official life of twenty-three years. As a prison officer, Mr. Felton is humane almost to a fault, it being said that scarcely a single one of the more than one hundred and twenty thousand inmates he has had in his charge has any but the kindest feelings toward him; and the industries of his prison, as established and maintained by him, have made that department so nearly self-supporting that, for several years, no moneys have been asked for the maintenance of our city prisoners. In politics Mr. Felton is a Democrat; in administration he is strictly non-partisan; in religion, a Churchman, but very liberal in his views. Though fifty-two years of age, he is a lover and patron of out-door sports of all kinds, and is said to be one of the best field and trap shots in the state. Twice he has held the office of President of the State Sportsman's Association of this state . JOHN M'CARTHY. John McCarthy, Harbormaster, was born in the parish 14:8 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. of Skull, Cork, in 1836. In 1847 he came to Syracuse, N. Y., and from that date up to the present, it may be said, has navigated the Western lakes. JOHN M. BROWN. The Chief Clerk in the Street Department, John M. Brown, was born in Chicago, March 15, 1858. He made a very creditable record at school in the Jesuit Parish, and when quite young entered the service of his father, a well- known and much respected contractor, now dead. In 1879 he was appointed Chief Clerk. The following gentlemen are also connected with the Street Department : John E. Stearns, Chief Inspector, Sewerage. Assistant Engineers A. M. Hirsch, H. A. Edwards, J. B. Mueller, A. W. Cooke, J. S. Larkin. Rodmen James T. Finn, Timothy B. Lynch, James Flinn, William Gallagher, Robert E. O'Connor. John W. Carroll, Collector. Side- walk Inspectors Michael Dyer, M. Smith, P. D. Toomey, Patrick Carney, H. Hart, Morgan Murphy, P. McCarthy, William F. Crowse ; Michael Heaney, General Inspector; Thomas P. Hickey, Inspector Street Cleaning. General Inspector of Street Paving Adam Boetinger. Street Foremen Anton Berg, Michael McNamara, Joseph Law- ler, Peter Kearns, Anton Detmer, Philip Hillinger. CHICAGO JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICEES. GEORGE A. MEECH. Police Magistrate Meech was born in Norwich, Conn., in 1824, and graduated from Yale in 1843. He subse- quently taught school, and read law at the same time. He finished his studies in Boston. In 1849 he was appointed a Justice of the Peace, and was subsequently elected Judge of the Probate Court for the Norwich district. Resigning, he came West, and was elected shortly City Attorney, and afterwards City Assessor. He was practicing law in 1879, when, at the request of bankers and other prominent citi- zens, he was appointed a Justice. Subsequently he was selected by Mayor Harrison to preside at the Armory Court, where he has proved himself a friend to unfortu- nates and a foe to criminals. His appointment was unani- mously indorsed by the press of Chicago. GEORGE KERSTEN. .In a comparatively brief period of time Justice of the Peace and Police Magistrate George Kersten has made great strides in public favor. Respected by the masses to begin with, his career on the bench up to date has made prospects for him which are decidedly enviable. He was born in Chicago in 1853, and educated in the Franklin School and Eastman's Business College. He first engaged in the cigar business, and became really popular, it might be said, when he conducted a first-class sample room at Clark street bridge, where Max Romer is now doing so well. Mr. Kersten was appointed Police Court Clerk for the North Side in 1880, and at once began reading law. He was made Justice of 149 150 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. the Peace and Police Magistrate in 1883. He belongs to the Masons, the Knights of Pythias, the Order of Forest- ers ; is Shooting-Master of the Chicago Sharp-Shooting Association ; was one of the originators and President of the Cook County Democratic Club, and belongs also to the Algonquins. JUSTICE WHITE. Justice White was born in 1845 at Shellsburg, Wis. In 1847 the family came to Ogle county, and our subject pre- pared for college at Eockford. In 1870 he graduated from Beloit College and in 1872 graduated from the Albany University. He was admitted to the bar at New York in 1872. In 1873 he came to Chicago and associated him- self with J. Y. Scammon in the treatment of important insurance cases. Among other public deeds he organized the Western Law and Collectors' Association. ORLIN P. IXGERSOLL. The Police judge who presides in the West Chicago Avenue district is a thorough American and an old-time attorney. Gifted with a keen sense of justice, he has ex- hibited time and again merciful instincts, which reflect much credit upon him. DANIEL SCULLY. Justice Daniel Scully, who will ever be remembered as the "old West-Side police magistrate," was born in the city of New York, March 28, 1839. In 1841 his parents removed to a farm in McHenry county. He worked in the fields for a short time, but agricultural pursuits did not suit our ambitious subject. He devoted himself to teach- ing school in 1860 and soon became convinced that he could learn something more himself. Accordingly he came to Chicago and went to St. Mary's of the Lake, and graduated after two years of hard study in the scientific JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICERS. 151 and commercial departments. In 18G3 and 1864 the jus- tice studied law in the Chicago Law School under the con- trol of Judge Booth. On graduating he received a hand- some compliment from the principal, being the only one out of a class of thirty-four who had not worked in a law office. As soon as Mr. Scully was admitted to the bar he made a tour of Iowa and Minnesota, but failing to find a favorable locality to practice his profession, he came to Chicago. He was appointed police magistrate and suc- ceeded himself repeatedly. He is at present in his old position as police magistrate in the third precinct. He has frequently been spoken of as a candidate for mayor. PETER FOOTE. The facetious but earnest ex-police magistrate of the first precinct police court was born in the North of Ireland, April 1, 1840. He might have been fooled on that par- ticular 1st of April, but he congratulates himself on the fact that he has been fooled very seldom since. Coming to America as an infant, his early life was spent in New York City, where he attended the public schools, and graduated in St. John's College, which ranks with Har- vard and Yale, as master of arts. He completed the nine years' classical and scientific course in seven years, cap- turing the majority of the prizes. In 1862 he came to Chicago in company with the lamented Dr. McMullen, afteward Bishop, and accepted the professorship of classics in St. Mary's of the Lake. Among his pupils were Lieut- enant Nugent, who died on the field beside Colonel Mul- ligan; Justice Prindiville and many other prominent men. He completed his legal studies in the Chicago Law School, of which ex-Judge Booth was professor, and immediately received his diploma from the Supreme bench at Ottawa. Two years previous to the great fire he was professor of law at Notre Dame University, and on his return was ap- 152 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. pointed a justice under Carter Harrison. He was created magistrate at the first precinct police court. He is now pushing a most flourishing justital business on Madison near Clark street. CHARLES AKND. Charles Arnd was born in Bernhard's Bay, Oneida County, New York, January 26, 1855. He traces his an- cestry back three hundred years through a line of distin- guished Germans. His father took an active part in the American Civil War. Directly after the conclusion of a successful college course he embarked for Europe and traveled extensively through that country, gleaning what benefit he could in Berlin, Heidelberg and Paris from col- lege and other lectures on law, history and languages . In 1877, when 22 years old, he came to Chicago. He was admitted to the bar in 1878 and was building up a lucra- tive practice when, in 1880, he was appointed a Justice of the Peace to fill a vacancy on the North Side . DAVID J. LYON. The subject of this short history was born in the city of New Orleans, January 4, 1843, and gained his early education in the Jesuit College of the Crescent City, and later, at the Woodstock Academy, Vermont, to which state his parents removed while David was a lad. In 1862, when only nineteen years old, he showed his extreme loy- alty to the Union, notwithstanding his southern birth, by enlisting as a private in the Twelfth Vermont regiment of infantry, having given up bright prospects at home to join the Federal ranks. The regiment of which he formed a part was in the second Vermont brigade, which took such a gallant part in the battle of Gettysburg. Young Lyon was mustered out of the service in August, 1864, his term of enlistment having expired. He came direct to Chicago after leaving the army and commenced the study of law, JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICERS. 153 for which profession he early exhibited a fondness, with the Hon. A. D. Eich. He afterward attended the law university of Chicago, studying under Judge Booth, and graduated in 1867 a promising candidate for legal laurels. Soon after leaving the university he formed a law partner- ship with the Hon. E. B. Sherman and next with George K. Clark. The fire of 1871 terminated the latter partner- ship, and Mr. Lyon then began practicing for himself alone, meeting with the most nattering and well-deserved success. He became the solicitor for the Chicago, Indian- apolis and Air- Line Kailroad Company, and proved a most valuable man for that responsible position. In 1883 he was nominated for a Justice of the Peace, and his confirma- tion quickly followed. In a very few months he was doing almost as large a business as any of his older competitors on the South Side, his well-known legal acumen proving a magnet for the representatives of the bar. Justice Lyon is a prominent Kepublican, Odd Fellow, Mason and Knight of Pythias. He was nominated for Alderman in 1873, and for the Legislature in 1878, but was not sufficiently desir- ous of holding office to take a particularly active part for himself in either campaign. In 1882 he was elected an honorary member of the Garibaldian Legion, as a token of the appreciation of the able and eloquent address delivered by him in Haverly's Theater, on the occasion of the cere- monies which took place there immediately following the death of the great Italian hero. Mr. Lyon was married to Miss Alice Packard, of Rochester, Vt., in 1867, but his wife and only child died in September, 1880. Henry Schultz, clerk for Justice D. J. Lyon, was born July 20, 1859, in Chicago. He was educated in the Kin- zie school. On July 25, 1875, he was employed by Peter Foote, police justice at the armory, and remained there until May 12, 1879. From June, 1879, to March, 1880, he served Justice Summerfield. From this latter date 154 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. until July 12, 1883, he was employed by Justice T. B. Brown, now deceased, and the immediate predecessor of Justice Lyon. He is one of the most skillful attaches of justice courts in the city. K. PKINDIVILLE, a son of Kedmond Prindiville, the veteran mariner and ex-Commissioner of the Board of Public Works, who set- tled in Chicago in 1836, was born October 28, 1851, in Chicago. He attended school in Hathaway's Private Academy, northwest corner of Monroe and Clark streets, and subsequently graduated from Seton Hall College, South Orange, New Jersey, in 1868. He then went into the oil and paint business and made a success of it. Hav- ing read law in 1870 he was admitted to the bar by the Su- preme Court. In 1872, under Charles Kern, who was then Sheriff, he was appointed Deputy, and in 1876 he was ap- pointed Justice of the Peace, the position he now holds. He is a staunch Democrat . c. \v. WOODMAN. Charles W. Woodman, Justice of the Peace, was born in Aalborg, Denmark, in 1844. At the age of 14 he went to sea, and followed it for eight years, going as far as 68 degrees north and 60 south. He visited Europe, Asia Africa and America; he saw the lonely tomb of the great Napoleon on the Island of St. Helena, and stood within a stone's throw of the ducal palace where the Duke of Mont- pensier shot the Prince of Bourbon. He served in 1863 and '64 in the American navy. In 1865 he came to Chi- cago, and up to 1870 followed the lakes and was engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1871 he graduated in the law department of the Chicago University, and has practiced ever since . When Lincoln was assassinated Mr. Woodman had a hard time of it, as he was about alone on shipboard in sympathy with the President. He has been active in JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICERS. 155 politics since 1868. Among other distinctions he has served as Prosecuting Attorney for the police courts. JOHN C. BARKER. John Clarke Barker was born March 1, 1833, in Wind- sor, Kennebec county, Maine. Eleven years later he came west with parents, passing through Chicago, which at that time had less than 10,000 population, and locating in Lee Center, Lee county, where the elder Barker purchased a farm. His education was received from the Eock Eiver Seminary, Eockford Commercial College, and Chicago Law College. He was admitted to the bar in August, 1865, but in the meantime had entered the army and served as a lieu- tenant for about a year, when ill health forced him to aban- don military life. He was chosen to represent North Chicago in the Twenty-ninth General Assembly, and while serving in that body proved himself a ready debater and desirable legislator. Returning to Chicago and his law practice, he was rapidly building for himself fame and for- tune when he was overtaken by ill health, which neces- sitated rest. Being offered the position of Justice of the Peace in 1883, he accepted it. Justice Barker is a Eepub- lican in politics, and he is also a prominent mason. He was married in 1869 to Miss Elizabeth E. Vaughn, and has two children. HARDIN B. BRAYTON. The subject of this sketch was born in the town of Howard, Steuben County, N. Y., Aug. 29, 1829. Seven years later he removed with his parents to Wayne County, Where he attended the Marion Academy, an excellent educational institution, until he reached the age of twenty and graduated. In 1854 his parents came west and in- vested in a large tract of farming land in Blue Island, which tract is still owned by the old people and is very valuable. Hardin joined his parents in 1857 and remained 156 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. on the new farm four years. He then located in Chicago, going into business for himself as a commission merchant and becoming a member of the Board of Trade. In 1870 he had been elected a member of the Twenty-seventh General Assembly of Illinois. As a state legislator he was instrumental in securing the passage of several wise measures and the defeat of a number of vicious ones. Mr. Brayton refused a second nomination and returned to a business life. In 1877 he was offered and accepted the position of Clerk of the County Court, which position he held until 1879, when he was chosen a Justice of the Peace. He was re-appointed in 1883, having received the indorsement of the members of the Chicago bar, and was confirmed without opposition. Since his first appointment he has been a careful student of the law, and his decisions have always been characterized by an evident desire for perfect fairness as the magnitude of the business done by him fully attests. William Cummings, clerk for Justice Brayton. was born in 1854, in Knockgaffon, Tipperary, Ireland. In 1865 his family came to Vermont, where he attended school until he arrived at his majority. In 1876 he came to Chicago, and was at once identified with the courts in common law . He is presumed to be one of the most ex- pert members of his particular branch of the service. D. HAREY HAMMER. D. Harry Hammer was born in Springfield, Ills., De- cember 23, 1840. When he was two years old his parents removed to Ogle county, and there Harry passed his boy- hood and youth, attending the district schools and taking advantage of whatever other means of education presented themselves. At the age of seventeen he began a course of study at the Eock Eiver Seminary, at Mt . Morris, Ills . , and finally graduated from that institution. He then JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICERS. 157 attended the Michigan University, at Ann Arbor, and graduated from the law school there in 1865, having turned his attention to the legal profession. Leaving Ann Arbor he traveled a short time throughout the north and west, finally locating in St. Louis. When the cholera epidemic broke out in St . Louis, young Hammer came to Chicago and once more resumed his practice as a lawyer, with satisfactory success. Governor Cullom, in 1879, ap- pointed Mr. Hammer a Justice of the Peace. He has one of the finest libraries in Chicago, and devotes much time to literary culture as well as to his legal duties. He is a member of the Union League and Calumet clubs, and is the owner of . a large amount of real estate in Chicago . Justice Hammer was married a few years ago to Miss Emma L . Carpenter, of Athens, Ohio, and has two young daughters. Frederick T. E. Kallum, is employed by Justice D. Harry Hammer, and is the youngest clerk in the justice courts. He was born July 31, 1863, in Draman, Norway. In 1865 his parents moved to Chicago, and hence in 1868, removed to Washington Heights, 111. Here Fred was edu- cated. He first worked for A. S. & T. P. Randall, on Monroe street, manufacturing boxes. In April, 1881, he assumed his present occupation. LOUIS KISTLER. Justice Kistler was born June 25, 1835, in Strasburg, Germany, his father having distinguished himself in the Napoleonic war, and dying when Louis was only ten years old. In 1845 the family removed to Rochester, and here our subject graduated in the classics in 1868. He taught the classics in Greenwich Academy, Rhode Island, up to 1862, when he went to Berlin and studied in the university there. In 1864 he accepted a professorship in the North- western University at Evanston. In 1878 he commenced 158 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. practicing law, and in the same year met a severe loss in the destruction by fire of a most valuable library. In 1883 he was appointed a Justice. W. H. GLEASON. William Henry Gleason, Collector of the South Town of Chicago, was born in AVardsborough, AVindham county, Vt., in 1843. Up to the age of twenty his life was spent upon his father's farm. He toiled industriously, summer and winter, save when he attended the district school. Removing to Baltimore, he was engaged in the baking business for several years. In the spring of 1869 he came to Chicago, and up to the great fire of 1871 was a clerk in the employ of Galpin & Hanchett, deputy sheriffs and auctioneers. In the spring of 1872 he entered the division superintendent's office of the Pullman Palace Car Com- pany, but on December 1, resigned to accept the bailiff ship in the County Court when Timothy Bradley was Sheriff. He continued in this position up to the fall of 1876, when he became a partner of Seth F. Hanchett in the collecting agency, and when Mr. Hanchett was elected Clerk of the Probate Court, he became chief deputy. After an excellent service under Sheriff Hanchett subsequently, he accepted his present position. S. B. CHASE. Samuel Brown Chase, the Assessor of the North Town of Chicago, has been serving the people for many a year in that capacity. He was first elected in 1877 by a majority of 478; in 1880 by a majority of 583, and in J881 by a major- ity of 3,926. His opponents were successively Arthur Gleason, Samuel Appleton, and Adolph Mueller. Mr. Chase was born in Rochester, N. Y., in 1844, and was christened after Major General Brown, of the United States army, who was a paternal relative. In 1851 the family, removing to Chicago, sent the boy to Naperville, JUSTICES AND TOWN OFFICERS. 159 111., where he completed an academical course with high honors. In 1862 he entered the army in the war for the Union, joining the One Hundred and Fifth Illinois Infantry. For three years he served with marked distinction under Buell, when General John Morgan was driven from Frank- fort, Ky., under Rosecrans in Tennessee; and under Sher- man he participated in the famous march from Atlanta to the sea. He was throughout a staff officer, and had at- tained a lieutenancy when he was mustered out in 1865. He then connected himself with the commission house of P. B. Ware & Co., No. 193 South Water street, a rela- tion he still sustains in the commercial world. Mr. Chase has ever been a Democrat of a pronounced type, and has never failed in thoroughly ventilating his sympathies, especially in the district he represents as Assessor. His ability as such officer has been enhanced not a little by his affability under the most trying circum- stances, and his repeated election by the people bears strong testimony to the fact. Bernhart Neibling, Cashier ; John W. Crawford, Chief Clerk ; T. W. Stout, T. J. Corcoran, C. R. Sheldon, J. B. Crowley, T. D. Brosneu, Pat. F. Maloney, Paul Kelley, Geo. W. Webber. Wm. C. Lappin, Hy. Spicier, Robert Kenney, T. J. Barrett, Dan. R. O'Brien, Jas. H. Burns, Jno. F. O'Malley, Jno. Dowdle, Hy. Vogt, Pete Conrad, Robt. Renshaw; Hy. Ganey, Jno. Watts, Emil Biurle, Leon Vil- lers, Adam Kilian, Capt. Thomas O'Connor, Q. Regneri. FRANK DRAKE. The Assessor of the Town of South Chicago, was born in 1827 in Elba, Geneva County, N. Y. His early life was spent on his father's farm, and during his respites from work he attended the public school. At the age of twenty- one he came west, locating in Janesville, Wis., where he lt>0 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. conducted a nursery, as he also did at Racine, in the same state. In 1862 he entered the grain and produce business, and was so engaged when elected Assessor. He is Chief Grain Inspector for the district in which he lives. JOHN A. BELL. John A. Bell, Assessor of the West Town of Chicago, was born in Troy, N. Y., in 1850. When eleven years of age, Johnny did not take his books under his arm like a good boy and go to the district school. Not at all ; he ran away to New York City that he might go to the front with the Second New York Regiment. His family recov- ered him, but he soon escaped with a Vermont Regiment. It was not long before he was recaptured. Seeing that his military ardor must be satisfied he was finally allowed to go to work in the arsenal making cartridges. Johnny could not stay. With two companions he started for the Erie canal. An uncle in Buffalo sent him home. He was sent to the St. Mary's Academy in Troy, and it began to look for the first time as though he was going to be steady. He left the institution in very good shape to go into a shoe store, but shortly learned the printing business. He was next agent for a bakery. A variety of experiences followed ; a most painful one occurring March 22, 1877, when he fell seventy-five feet from a flag pole on a whole- sale house, corner Market and Madison, when he broke his left hip and injured the base of his skull. West Town employes Collector ; C. Casselman, Jr.. A. B. Johnson, Thos. Martin, P. B. Meehan, A. H. Boyden, E. F. Murphy, J. McAllen, Bryan Donnelly, Dan O'Leary, Cyrus Lawrence, John Gaynor, M. Powers, James Clark, John Enright, John Flaherty, Sam E. Reed, Thos. Cratty, Ed Burke, and Jno. S. Quinn, Jr. THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. DENIS J. SWENIE. Denis J. Swenie, Chief Fire Marshal of Chicago, was born in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, in 1834. At the age of 14 he came to Chicago and engaged in the harness trade, continuing in this business up to 1859. During these years he ran with the boys of the volunteer fire de- partment. In 1849 he was a hose boy on No. 3, stationed at the corner of Wells and Kinzie streets. In 1852 Mr. Swenie went on the " Red Jacket," and took the position of Assistant Foreman. In 1854 the company was dis- banded, when he returned to No. 3. In 1856 he was ap- pointed First Assistant Engineer. He was appointed Chief Engineer in 1858, and organized the paid steam fire depart- ment. The experiment was attended with considerable annoyance, the friends of the volunteer force being numer- ous and persistent. Mr. Swenie however came out with flying colors, eliciting the unqualified approval of press and public. This was the birth of that department, which to- day is second to no fire organization in the world. In 1861 Mr. Swenie took command of the Liberty, sta- tioned on North Dearborn street. In 1867 he brought his company over to the Gund. He was Captain of this com- pany when appointed First Assistant Fire Marshal, October 1873. In November, 1879, he was created Chief, to suc- ceed Matthias Benner, the veteran fireman who embarked in the manufacturing of fire-escapes. In the traffic he is eminently successful. Chief Swenie is a wonderfully well-preserved man for 11 161 162 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. his experience. He was present in all of the great fires of his day. In the great fire of 1857 he took charge of the diggers, and recovered eighteen bodies out of twenty-three supposed to have been lost. In the historical conflagration of 1871 his exertions saved five entire blocks in the vicinity of Kinzie street bridge. The Chief is a man of the most valuable information, secured mainly by extended travel. Mr. Swenie declined the nomination for sheriff on the Democratic ticket in 1886. WILLIAM MUSHAM. William Musham, First Assistant Fire Marshal and De- partment Inspector, was born in Chicago, February 9, 1839. In February, 1855, he joined the volunteer fire de- partment, attending to his business as a carpenter at the same time. Mr. Musham joined the Paid Fire Department in 1861, going first upon the " Little Giant," corner of Washington and Dearborn streets. He served as pipeman ; was transferred to the "Atlantic," thence back to the "Giant," but in a short time resigned and went to Philadel- phia, where he served on the " Fairmount," in the volunteer fire department. On his return to Chicago, he went upon the "T. B. Brown," serving as Assistant Foreman, up to 1868. He now went as Foreman upon the "Giant." After the Great Fire, March 1, 1872, he was appointed Third Assistant, and rapidly rose to his present responsible position. Mr. Musham possesses the confidence of his men to a notable extent, and, while not a man who makes acquaintances fast, his outside friends are legion. A fall- ing wall, at a fire at the corner of LaSalle and Water streets, in 1865, severely injured him. Two of his heroic comrades were killed there. JOHN REDELL. The Chief of the First Battalion was born in New York City, Dec. 28, 1847, and is of English extraction. After THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 163 a brief experience on the New York and Erie Railroad, he came to Chicago in 1862, becoming a clerk in the estab- lishment of Wills, Dunham & Hoyt, now Dunham & Wills, ship-chandlers. He afterward was proprietor of a grocery store, in which business he continued until after the fire. In February, 1873, he joined the Fire Department. He was first Pipeman on Engine No. 11, then on 22, back to 11, where he was promoted as Lieutenant; then to 4, to 13, to 27, to 14, to Chemical 2; to 13, where he was made a Captain, and then to 11. While here he was made Chief of the First Battalion. In 1866 the chief married Miss Clara Denker, the daughter of Joseph Denker, an old settler and prominent clothier. JOHN H. GREEN. The Chief of the Second Battalion is John Henry Green. He was born in Providence, R. L, Sept. 3, 1842. In this city he ran with Columbia Engine No. 12, while he worked for a silversmith. In 1860 he came to Chicago and worked as a printer four years. In 1864 he went as a Pipeman on Liberty Engine No. 7. Chief Swenie was then foreman of the company. In 1871 he was made Captain of Hook and Ladder No. 3, and then of No. 14, which company do- nated him a fire-hat and belt on leaving. He was Captain of Truck 3 until April 9, 1877, and among other experiences stepped off a roof at the corner of Lake and Green streets, falling thirty feet, and went down with the fourth floor to the second in a building on Jefferson street. Not long ago the Marshal received a present of a diamond stud from the Mystic Owl Club, of which he is President. FREDERICK J. GABRIEL. The Chief of the Third Battalion joined the Fire De- partment April 1, 1869. In 1872 he resigned from the department, but in a few years returned. He was ap- 164 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. pointed Captain Jan. 9, 1876, and advanced to his present po- sition in the fall of 1885. His experience as a fireman has been a rather noteworthy one, he having had several miraculous escapes from death by falling walls, etc. When respond- ing to a fire on the North Side, soon after his promotion as Chief, his buggy collided with an engine and he was thrown to the ground, breaking his leg. The fracture was a bad one and the Marshal was confined to his home for several months. JOSEPH c. PAZEN. The Chief of the Fourth Battalion, with headquarters in the house of Company 3, commanded by that vet- eran fireman, Captain Jack McLean, was born February 14, 1844, Ems. in the Dukedom of Nassau, Germany, and came to Chicago December 29, 1854. From this date he worked at his trade of confectionary until June, 1862, when he joined Company E, Sixty-fifth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers Infantry, then stationed at Camp Douglas. Mustered out in June, 1865, he resumed confectionary, and followed it until September, 1867, when he went upon the Chicago Fire Department as Pipeman of Engine Company No. 7, then at 611 West Lake street. He was made Captain of Hook and Ladder Company No. 1, on June 1, 1872, and served subsequently on Engine No. 23, and Hook and Ladders 8 and 4. On the death of the lamented David Kenyon, who received fatal injuries while responding to a false alarm, he was made acting Chief of the First Battalion, October 3, 1884. He was promoted Assistant Fire Marshal September 5, 1885. EDWAED W. MURPHY. The Chief of the Fifth Battalion was born in Chicago in 1854, where the Haven School now stands. He was first employed in C. G. Udell's ladder factory, but soon went to Milwaukee, where he was engaged in running a THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 165 stationary engine. He spent some time after at Standing Rock Agency, Dakota Territory, and Fort Snelliug. In 1870 he came to Chicago, and worked as a fireman on the Illinois Central Railroad up to June, 1873, when he went upon the Fire Insurance Patrol. In 1874 he went upon the Fire Department as Pipeman of Engine No. 6. He then went on Hook and Ladder No. 4, where he was made lieu- tenant, and from there to Engine No. 10, whither he went to pilot the self-propeller. It was a perilous occupation indeed. When the horses were put back on No. 10 he went to No. 8. Transferred to No. 17, he was made a captain, and remained with this company for over five years. He was made Chief of Battalion in 1885. Chief Murphy is undoubtedly favored with a charmed life. He is the survivor of many a thrilling experience on duty. In June, 1877, at the fire in Reedy's Elevator, he took a trip from the top floor to the basement. He went down with seventeen others from the roof of the Academy of Music; was buried beneath falling walls at Meyer's Mills, where fireman James Conway was fatally injured and Cap- tain Donahue, had his leg broken and was otherwise hurt, and had a biood-vessel of the brain ruptured by a collision with a huge stone on Canal street. Fireman Michael Sheehan had his arm broken in four different places, and fireman Louis Ernst had a leg broken at the same time. L T poii the Chief's unexpected recovery the manufacturers of his district presented him with a valuable watch and chain as a mark of appreciation for services rendered. In 1885 he fell from the top floor of a burning building on South AVater street. At this fire Bird and Mulvihill received fatal injuries. Recently he has excelled himself in the saving of life. He has probably won the Tree medal. M. W. CONWAY. The Chief of the Sixth Battalion, Michael William Conway, has been connected with the Chicago Fire De- 166 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. partment since 1853. In 1856 he joined the Garden City Hose Company No. 6, but three years after went to Mem- phis, where he was when Fort Sumter was first fired on. He at once enlisted in Mulligan's Brigade, and during the war shared its perilous adventures. In 18G8 he joined Engine No. 5, which threw first water on the front of the big fire. In 1872 he went on Tempest Hose Company, which used the first chemical engine. In 1873 he was made Captain of No. 17, and was then transferred to No. 7, where he was when appointed Marshal, and placed in charge of the Seventh Battalion. This was in 1875. In 1877 he took the Fourth Battalion, subsequently the Fifth Battalion and finally the Third Battalion. The Marshal was born in Ireland in 1852. In the fire of July, 1874, he was specially commended for heroism by the Fire Com- missioners. JOHN CAMPION. The Chief of the Seventh Battalion was born in 1849, in Kilkenny. In the same year the family came to Troy, New York, whence, after a brief stay, they removed to Kappinger's Falls, N. Y. In 1854 they came to Chicago, locating on Griswold street, now much changed, and known as Pacific avenue. In those days the night-school was a feature, and old man Condon was a prominent educator. To his custody the future fireman was given for a time. He subsequently attended St. Mary's and the James school. At sixteen he went to work in the Times office, and leaving there engaged in the shipment of cattle, with headquarters at the stock yard. This he pursued,- travel- ing extensively, up to the time of his appointment on the Fire Department. This was on April 1, 1870, although he ran to fires years before. He went first on duty on No. 6. His promotion followed very fast. In 1873 he was appointed a captain of a company in the Exposi- tion Building. In the same year he went on No. 2. In THE KIKE DEPARTMENT. 167 1874 he went back to No. 6; in 1875, to No. 7. In 1878 he stepped into the vacancy caused by the death of George Ran, Captain of No. 1, and was promoted therefrom April 8, 1882. Chief Campion has been in many hard ex- periences, but has been uniformly fortunate. LEO MEYERS. The Chief of the Eighth Battalion was the first white male child born in Chicago. The event occurred June 26, 1834. While he attended school he was a torch boy on Bucket Company No. 1. He afterward served as Pipe- man on the "Lawrence Hand" engine No. 7 and Niagara No. 3. When the pay department Avas organized, he went on the " Island Queen." He was afterward foreman of the U. P. Harris No. 5, up to 18G3, when Chief Harris appointed him Assistant Marshal. He resigned, shortly, however, for the foremanship of Supply Hose No. 2, but shortly he accepted a position with the Babcock Manufac- turing Company as a deliverer of apparatus. He was made Captain of No. 10, 1874, but was soon transferred to en- gine 23. He was created Assistant Fire Marshal in 1877 and has charge of the lumber district, a most responsible po- sition indeed. RICHARD FITZGERALD. The Chief of the Ninth Battalion, is one of the best natured men on the department. It does a person good once in a while to drop in on him. Mr. Fitzgerald was born in 1841, in Limerick, Ireland. In 1848 the family removed to America, and in 1857 our subject came to Chicago. He followed stone-cutting up to the time he joined the Chicago Fire Department. He went on No. 10 as a Pipeman first, and subsequently served on Engine 6, Trucks 4 and 8, and Engines 2 and 29. He was promoted a Lieutenant in 1874, to Captain when on Engine 2, and September 5, 1885, to Chief of Battalion. 168 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. PETER SCHNUR. The Chief of the Tenth Battalion was born in the city of New York, September 28, 1842. When he was six months old his family came to Chicago, and educated him here. At the outbreak of the war he joined Taylor's Chicago Battery, and among other battles, fought at Donelson, Bel- mont, Shiloh, Arkansas Post, and Vicksburg, and July 24, 1864, he was mustered out. He went at once on No. 8 under the late Marshal Thomas Barry, but soon went on No. 7 under Captain Swenie. In 1872 he was made Assist- ant Foreman of Engine 10, and shortly thereafter was made Captain of Hook and Ladder 2. In October, 1873, he was transferred as Captain to No. 14. On January 21, 1878, he was created Chief of the Third Battalion. In March, 1882, he was given command of the Sixth Battal- ion. The Marshal is very popular, not only at home, but with visiting firemen. CHARLES 8. PETRIE. Marshal Petrie, Secretary of the Fire Department, was born in Chicago, September 25, 1840. When he was fif- teen, he commenced working for McCormick's Reaper factory and at the same time ran with Hose Company No. 11. In 1857, after a trip to Pike's Peak, he steamboated on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, as an assistant engineer. In 1858, he went to Nashville, Tenn., and in 1862 married there. Coming to Chicago, he became engi- neer on the tug-boat Union. He then served as Assistant Engineer on the " Atlantic Engine " No. 3 ; subsequently he was Engineer on the "J. B. Rice" No. 10. He was Engineer of No. 3 in 1872, when he was appointed Third Assistant Fire Marshal. He was soon promoted to Second Assistant Marshal. In 1877, he was made Superintendent of the Repair Shop, responding at the same time to second alarms and supplying the places of absent marshals. On THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 16D the evening of October 12, 1880, he caine very near losing his life at a fire in the Academy of Music, on Halsted street. On January 15, 1881, he was appointed Secretary. He has invented many improvements on the department, MAURICE W. SHAY. The fire inspector, was born March 22, 1832, in Antig- onish, Nova Scotia. AVhen he was six years old the family removed to Eastport, Maine, and then to Charlestowii, Massachusetts, where at the age of fifteen "Sandy "ran with Warren Engine and Company No. 4. He was pres- ent at the Haverhill street fire in Boston the following year with the same company. While he was running to fires he had also learned the cooper trade. In 1849 he went to Cleveland and joined Phoenix Engine Company No. 4 in 1850. He went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, two years after and joined the Eagle fire company, but in 1855 he went back to the Phoenix at Cleveland, and in 1856 was elected Assistant Engineer of the Department. He served as such up to October, 1857, when he came to Chi- cago. The New England House fire was probably the most disastrous he fought while in Cleveland. In Chicago he was elected Pipeman on Liberty Hose No. 6, and inside of a year he was made Assistant Foreman. When twenty- three lives were lost at the D. B. Cooke fire on South Water street in 1857 he had a narrow escape. He was on the top rung of the ladder and foreman John C. Dickey was at the bottom. He told Dickey to move, but the un- fortunate foreman, not comprehending the injunction, was instantly killed by falling brick, while Shay was thrown clear of it. In 1858, on the disbandment of No. G, he retired from the service, but in 1861 went back on Hook and Ladder No. 1. In 1802 he went on the "Little Giant." In 1864 he became foreman of the " Frank Sher- man." In 1867 he became foreman of the " Titsworth," 170 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF known in these days as the crack company. Here he be- came popular, and with this apparatus he made his gallant fight against the fire of 1871. On October 3, 1873, he was created Assistant Marshal, although tendered the Chief Engineership of the St. Paul department. In 1881 Shay ran to the rescue of Ottawa, Illinois, a distance of eighty-five miles in eighty-five minutes. JOEL A. KINNEY. The ex-Chief of the Fourth Battalion, doing duty at headquarters, Joel Agustus Kinney, was born in the town of Lodi, Cattaraugus, N. Y., July 19, 1828. He first saw Chicago in 1837, but did not permanently locate here un- til 1840. He attended the public school and worked in Long John's printing office, but like the majority of the boys " ran with der macheen;" and at a fire at the corner of La Salle and Lake street, he had rather a close call. At the age of sixteen he joined "Fire King" No. 9. In 1852 he became a fireman in reality, and in 1855 was made assistant fore- man of the Department. When the paid department was organized he became foreman of the " Long John/' but in 1860 went to Pike's Peak to dig for gold and did not find very much. He came back on the Fire Department as foreman of Engine 2, but in 1867 went on No. 9. On February 14, 1874, he was made Assistant Marshal. On the 16th he took command of the Fifth Battalion. On May 1, 1880, he took charge of the Fourth Battalion. Marshal Kinney had narrow escapes when the roof of the dancing academy on Ada street fell, and the roof of the Academy of Music dropped. Marshal Petrie and our subject were the two principal characters on the stage that day, and they ap- peared before a large audience. FREDERICK N. SHIPPY. One of the most valuable clerks in the employ of the city is the Assistant Secretary of the Fire Department. He THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 171 was born in Chicago within a stone's throw of the Rookery. He went upon the fire department in 1872, joining Engine Company 16, and afterward working on Chemical 1. and Hook and Ladder companies 1 and 4. In 1877 he was ap- pointed to his present position. JOHN. P. BARRETT. Chicago's eminent electrician, John P. Barrett, was born in Auburn, N. Y., in 1837. The family removing to Chicago in 1845, he was sent to the public school, where he industriously studied up to his fourteenth year, when his father dying he went to work to support himself, his brother and three sisters. He adopted a seafaring life en- gaging as a deck-sweep on the steamer Pacific, which run- ning in connection with the Michigan Central Rail road, plied between New Buffalo, Chicago and Milwaukee. As a seaman and mate he toiled up to 1857, when he went to New York and shipped for Cali- fornia, whence he several times circumnavigated the Horn. In 1858, while off the coast of Chili, his ves- sel was dismasted, and he was so injured that after an experience of eighteen months in the Mariner's Hospital of San Francisco, he abandoned the sea and came to Chi- cago. Here August 1, 1862, Fire Marshal U. P. Harris, appointed him watchman of engine company No. 1. He was then transferred to company No. 11, and thence to the cupola on the court house as bell ringer. In May, 1865, the fire alarm telegraph was instituted, and he became an assistant in that service. From that hour his progress was rapid, until today he stands foremost, probably, at the head of the largest municipal telegraph in existence. Among Mr. Barrett's numerous inventions are the Barrett Automatic Joker, accelerating the receipt of the alarm of fire, by the* department, and in conjunction with the chief of the police, the police patrol telegraph referred to exten- sively elsewhere. 172 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. DAVID M. HYLAND. The Chief Operator in the Fire Alarm office is David Myron Hyland. He was born in Lowell, Mass., November 12, 1850, and when six years of age, accompanied by his parents, located in Shannon, 111., on a farm. The family removing after two years to Chicago, David at- tended the Kinzie School, and was subsequently sent to South Bend. In 1865 he returned to Chicago and went to work for the Merchants Union Express Company. In 1867 he joined the Fire Department, becoming first a member of Engine 3, then of Truck 2, then of Engines 6, 13, 12, and 17. After the great fire he was transferred to Engine 11. In May, 1872, he entered the Fire Alarm office as repairer, was subsequently created an operator, and in 1876 was appointed Chief Operator. JOHN FITZPATRICK. Johnny Fitzpatrick, Operator in the Fire Alarm office, has, in one way or another, been connected with telegraphy since he was eleven years old. He has thor- oughly mastered the profession, and says he hopes to die at the keys. Our subject was born in Ireland, March 25, 1849, but as he came to this country when an infant, he considers himself a native American. His youth was spent in New York City. At the age of eleven he en- tered the employ of the New York Magnetic Telegraph Company, which has since consolidated with the Western Union. At the age of sixteen he was an operator. Sub- sequently he came to Chicago, and was employed on the Chicago & Alton Railroad from 1873 to 1876. During the three last years he was with the railroad he was train- dispatcher. In the fall of 1876 he resigned his berth on the Chicago & Alton to accept a position in the City Fire Alarm and Telegraph office, where his services are indis- pensable. THE FIKE DEPARTMENT. 173 WILLIAM CAKROLL. William Carroll, presumably one of the oldest operators in the Fire Alarm service, was born in Payne, 0., March 22, 1854. In 1855, his parents moved to Iowa, where, up to 1872, the subject of this sketch traveled through the ordi- nary branches of a common, school education. In this year Mr. Carroll came to Chicago, and soon became a warm friend of the much-lamented Mark Sheridan, President of the old Board of Police and Fire Commissioners. In 1874 he entered the service of the city. He commands the confi- dence of his many friends and associates. FRANK J. LEWIS. Frank J. Lewis was born in Chicago, April 9, 1865, attended Haven and Mosley high schools up to the age of sixteen, was appointed telegraph operator in Police De- partment May 7, 1882, and occupies the same position now. JAMES P. CROWLEY. James Patrick Crowley, operator in the Fire Alarm Telegraph Office was born in Chicago, Oct. 22, 1862. He attended school in St. Patrick's Parish. He first worked in the Board of Trade telephone office, and in 1882 be- came connected with the fire alarm service. He is the son of Captain Crowley, formerly of Engine No. 5. JACOB F. MEHREN". Jacob F. Mehren was born in Chicago July 31, 1857. Having attended the German Parish School, he entered St. Ignatius College in 1870 and studied there until 1873. AVas first employed by the Western Union and American District telegraph companies. In 1876 he commenced the manufacture of telegraph instruments, medical batteries, etc., at his home. He was so engaged until the riot in 1877, when the city employed him as an operator. In 174 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 1881 ho was allowed by Prof. Barrett to serve the American Cable Company in laying the first underground cable along the Western Indiana Kailway, extending from Mad- ison to Twenty-seventh streets. In 1881, when the fire alarm telegraph repair shop was opened, he was transferred to that department and he is there now. FREDEEICK W. GUND. Frederick W. Guild was born in Chicago, May 22, 1851, attended St. Joseph's School until twelve years old, went to Notre Dame, Ind., from 1863 to 1866, joined the Fire Alarm Telegraph in 1867, under Prof. E. B. Chandler, and remained there until the fall of 1872, when, or shortly thereafter, he became a member of Hook and Ladder Company No. 3. He now went over to No. 17, but soon left to fill the vacancy made by a prominent member of Supply Hose No. 3, under Captain Walters, at one time Assistant Fire Marshal in the city of Chicago. From No. 3 he went to Engine No. 27, and thence to Chemical No. 4, whence he was transferred to the Fire Alarm Telegraph, under its present Superintendent Prof. J. P. Barrett . This occurred May 11, 1875. PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. The following is the organization of the Cre depart- ment (Headquarters, City Hall). Fire Marshal and Chief of Brigade, D. J. Swenie : 1st Asst. Fire Marshal and Dept. Inspector, William H. Mush- am ; Asst. Fire Marshal and Dept. Secretary, Charles S. Petrie ; Fire Inspector, Maurice W. Shay ; Chiefs of Battalion 1st, John Redell ; 2d, John H. Green ; 3d, Frederick J. Gabriel ; 4th, Joseph C. Pazen ; 5th, Edward W. Murphy ; 6th, Michael W. Conway ; 7th, John Cam- pion ; 8th, Leo Meyers ; 9th, Richard Fitzgerald ; 10th, Peter Schnur ; Clerks, Joel A. Kinney, Fred N. Shippy ; Supt. of horses, Eugene Sullivan ; Driver for Fire Marshal, THE FIRE DEPARTMENT- Thomas Mo-naghan ; Drivers Fuel and Supply wagon, Richard Stringer, Alfred Phillips, Willam L. Heartt, Lawrence Redmond, John Quinn. City Telegraph (Central Office, City Hall.). Superin- tendent, John P. Barrett ; Chief Operator, David M. Hyland ; Operators, John Fitzpatrick, William Carroll, Harry Leser, Jacob F. Mehren ; Repairers, Frederick W. Gund, James Fitzpatrick, Frank W. Swenie, Thomas Burns, John Mangan ; Electric Light Inspector, Clark C . Haskins ; Machinist, Charles F . Strubbe ; Linemen, Owen B . Dougherty, Charles Shaffer ; Batteryman, Nils Olesen . Engine Company No. 1 (220 S_ Franklin). Captain, John Klett, 200 E .. Division ; Lieutenant, John Clingen, 1819 Butterfield ; Pipemen, John Ryan, 2424 Sanger, John Canty, 410 Brown, Richard Kennedy, 20 Charles place, Henry Scott, 27 Sanger, C. Pipeman, John Kaefer, 320 Blue Island ave. ; Engineer, John Hammill, 127 Lytle ; Asst. Engineer, George Leslie, 39 Plum; Driver, Patrick Murphy,. 114 Sebor ; C. Driver, James Wall, 2.026 S. Dearborn. Engine Company No. 2(2417 Sanger). Captain,. Lewis Fiene, 2876 Archer ave. ; Lieutenant, William J. Sweeney 2728 Archer ave. ; Pipemen, Joseph Stoltz, 49 Fin- nel, Bernard McDonough, 3441 Dearborn ; Engineer, Tim- othy Moynihan, 166 Kossuth ; Asst. Engineer, Robert A. Whelan,* 605 Twenty-fifth ; Drivers, Isaac M. Adler, 512 Twenty-sixth, James Dwyer, 543 Twenty-sixth. Engine Company No. 3 (237 W. Chicago ave.). Cap- tain, John McLean, 276 N. May ; Lieutenant, Alexander T. Kopeto, 46 Cornell ; Pipemen, Ener C. Anderson, 247 W. Chicago ave., Henry Nelson, 332 E. Division, Charles Schultze, 24 Jane ; Engineer, Dominick Malatesta, 441 W . Huron ; Asst . Engineer, William H . Cogswell, 238 W . Chicago ave. ; Drivers,. David Cowing, 201 W. Chicago ave . , William Windle, 840 Milwaukee ave .. ; Watchman,, Charles Miller,. 412. Sedgwick. 176 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Engine Company No. 4 (409 Larrabee). Captain, John G. Carlson, 39 N. Grove; Lieutenant, Thomas H. Maxwell, 464 Webster ave. ; Pipemen, Frank Geis 20 Hull ; and Joseph McCormick, Engineer, Edward C . Knuth, 157 Fremont ; Asst . Engineer, Conrad Lisegang, 142 Dayton ; Drivers, William Cary, 193 Orchard, Adam Breit, 419 Larrabee; Watchman, George W. Helmer 912 N. Halsted. . - Engine Company No. 5 (197 S. Jefferson). Captain, William E. Hand, 1247 Wilcox ave.; Lieutenant, John Hall, 125 Brown; Pipemen, Frank Walters, 345 S. Halsted, John Cavanaugh, 230 DeKoven, James McDonough, 86 N. Market; Engineer, William H. Sampson, 763 Carroll ave.; Asst. Engineer, Samuel U. Nield, 236 S. Green; Drivers, Peter F. Quinn, 119 S. Green, Nils Westergard, 388 Mil- waukee ave. Engine Company No. 6 (143 Maxwell). Captain, John J. Hennessey, 33 Silver; Pipemen, Patrick Foley, 134 W. Twelfth, John J. Evans, 85 Johnson, Michael McKeirnan, 484 S. Jefferson ; Engineer, Eobert Miller, 220 W. Eighteenth; Asst. Engineer, Walter Daker, 39 Newberry ave.; Drivers, Matthew Prindiville, 116 Johnson, Frank Hohenadel, 317 S. Jefferson. Engine Company No. 7 (31 Blue Island ave.). Captain, James Heaney, 199 Mather; Lieutenant, Cornelius Man- ning, 20 Nebraska; Pipemen, John C. Connors, 535 W. Twelfth, Michael Kearns, 382 W. Harrison, Louis L. Ernst, 211 Forquer; Engineer, George D. Hahn, 425 W. Taylor; Asst. Engineer, James C. Syme, 380 W. Madison; Drivers, Martin Murphy, 342 Blue Island ave., Patrick W. Murphy, 612 Loomis. Engine Company No. 8 (1921 Archer ave.). Captain, Wm. H. Townsend, 758 Twenty-seventh; Lieutenant, Stephen Scanlon, 469 Thirty-first; Pipemen, John Gahan, 335 Twenty-fourth, James Tobin, 2623 Butterfield, Michael THE FIKE DEPARTMENT. 177 A. Curry, 2170 Archer ave. ; Engineer, Wallace T. Phelps, 3536 Butterfield; Asst. Engineer, Frank B. Hutchison, 229 Twenty-sixth; Drivers, Daniel I. Cleghorn, 1931 Archer ave., Frank J. Donnegan, 21 Plum; Watchman, Norman T. Ormsby. Engine Company No. 9 (2527 Cottage Grove ave.). Captain, Eugene Sweeney, 2945 Cottage Grove ave. Lieut- enant, Martin Mergenthaler, 27 Twenty-second pi. ; Pipe- men, Lorenz Schmidt, 2820 S. Park ave., John O'Leary, 700 Thirty-first; Engineer, George Leady, 3554 La Salle; Asst. Engineer, John Dawson, 2598 S. Park ave. ; Drivers, James Murnane, 68 Wilson, Jacob N. Reis, 3740 Stan- ton ave. Engine Company No. 10 (82 Pacific ave.). Captain, Rob- ert C. Palmer, 3007 S. State; Lieutenant, James Tobin, 487 Fifth ave. ; Pipemen, William Hart, 1451 S. State, Cornelius E. Smith, 90 Miller, Michael Noon, 278 Clinton, Francis H. Curran, 461 Hastings; C. Pipeman, John Duffy, 316 W. Congress ; Engineer, Michael Heilmann, 1726 La Salle ; Asst. Engineer, James Lundy, 138 Michigan ; Driver, Edward Sweeney, 2823 Cologne; Driver, Albert Pepin, 279 W. Taylor. Engine Company No. 11 (225 Michigan). Captain, Henry Greenhoff, 127 Vedder; Lieutenant, Michael Ehret, 128 Chestnut; Pipemen, William O'Connell, 259 N. Mar- ket, Patrick J. Falvey, 78 Milton ave., Edward Kelly, 225 Michigan; C. Pipeman, John Anderson, 43 Heine; En- gineer, Thomas H. Melvin, 18 Pine; Asst. Engineer, Alexander McPherson, 172 Ontario; Drivers, Martin Sim- mons, 286 N. Wells, James Kennedy, 229 N. Market. Engine Company No. 12 (611 West Lake). Captain, Paul Ditt, 250 Walnut; Lieutenant, Peter J. Vogt, 523 Noble; Pipemen, Arthur J. Kelley, 633 Austin ave., Patrick J. Brosnan, 14 Rumsey, Daniel J. McCarthy, 207 N. Green; Engineer, Thomas A. Clark, 141 N. Lincoln; 12 178 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Asst. Engineer, John J. Gleason, 514 W. Erie; Drivers, Hiram Ashman, 517 Park ave., George H. Wheeler, 761 Carroll ave. Engine Company No. 13 (19 Dearborn). Captain, John Hannon, 211 Illinois; Lieutenant, William H. Bart- lett, 211 La Salle ave.; Pipemen, Daniel O'Kane, 19 Dear- born, Peter H. Fleming, 35 Wesson, Louis Bittig, 11 Connors, William J. Mullin, 522 Hurlbut, John F. Sheridan, 65 W. Thirteenth; Engineer, Henry H. Mc- Cuen, 430 Wabash ave.; Asst. Engineer, Jacob Braun, 542 E. Division; Drivers, Edward J. Kerr, 54 Goethe, Peter McGrew, 183 Superior. Engine Company No . 14 (38 Chicago ave). Captain, George L. Taylor, 360 Wells; Lieutenant, Theodore G. Bernhardt, 483 Larrabee; Pipemen, Edward E. Varges, 503 Larrabee, Hans H . Hemb, 108 Oak, Peter Massion, 12 Starr; Engineer, John J. Berry, 498 Sedgwick; C. Assis- tant Engineer, Samuel McDonel, 184 S. Morgan; Driver, Michael Finn, 208 North ave; C. Driver, John W. An- derson, 43 Heine. Engine Company, No. 15 (305 W. Twenty-second). Captain, James Enright, 2619 Joseph; Pipemen, John Belsky, 612 W. Eighteenth, John Padden, 308 W. Twenty- second, John Dooly, 308 W. Twenty-second; Chief Pipe- man, James Sullivan, 734 W. Twenty-first; Engineer, Charles L. Cory, 3248 Illinois ave. ; Asst. Engineer, Henry Clohecy, 308 W. Twenty-second; Drivers, Michael Barrett, 847 W. Twenty-second, Christian Heiser, 140 Canalport ave. Engine Company No. 16 (287 Thirty-first). Captain, Nicholas Dubach, 2807 Fifth ave.; Lieutenant, George W. Weller, 346 E. Twenty-second; Pipemen, William Vernon, 3132 Lake Park ave., Joseph Eoss, 3107 Wentworth ave.; Engineer, James F. Enright, 3634 Stanton ave.; Asst. En- gineer, Joseph A. McLaughlin, 3150 S. State; Drivers, THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 179 Edward Moran, 490 Thirtieth, William O'Brien, 2118 Ar- nold; Watchman, Nicholas J. Pauls, 2967 Wentworth ave. Engine Company No. 17 Double Company (80 W. Lake). Captain, John Lynch, 20 Nebraska; Lieutenants, Edward Byrne, 570 Pulton, Lawrence A. Shean, 247 W. North ave.; Pipemen, John W. Flynn, 49 Goethe, Charles Harbig, 162 N. Peoria, Frederick A. Sloat, 134 W. Twelfth, John F. Jorndt, 136 W. Erie, Michael J. Lahey, 22 W. Eleventh, John Ralson, 236 N. Halsted, David Parr, 155 S. Desplaines; Engineers, William M. Wise, 51 S. Curtis, Charles Blom, 907 N. Halsted; Asst. Engineers, Patrick II. Quinn, Madison and Desplaines, James H. Hickey, 63 W. Lake; Drivers, John McDonnell, 42 Ruble, Herman C. Haas, 155 S. Desplaines; Chief Driver, Robert J. Hamil- ton, 80 W. Lake; Pipeman, Det. Watchman, James H. Healy, 25 Clybourn ave. Engine Company No. 18 (438 W. Twelfth) .Captain, Hugo Franzen, 404 Maxwell; Lieutenant, Michael Driscoll, 243 S. Halsted; Pipemen, Luke Waters, 22 Arthington, Thomas Conroy, 12 Walsh ct. ; Engineer, Fred Allen, 361 Center ave; Asst. Engineer, Edd. Hunt, 318 W. Twelfth; Drivers, John Twaddle, 11 Sholto, Harvey E. Bean 358 S. May. Engine Company No. 19 (3451 Cottage Grove ave.). Captain, John Fitzgerald, 2914 S. Park ave. ; Lieutenant, James T. Foley, 2844 Lowe ave.; Pipemen, John Cranby, 19 University pi., Theodore Lagger, 326 Twenty -third; Engineer, John C. Cooney, 3700 Ellis ave.; Asst. Engineer, Samuel Patterson, 3806 Cottage Grove ave.; Drivers, Mi- chael Daly, 3527 Prairie ave., Claudius Blair, 3638 Stanton ave Engine Company No. 20 (39 Rawson) . Captain, Charles T. Brown, 39 Rawson; Lieutenant, Frederick Stift, 55 Center; Pipemen, Matthew Kettern, Engine House, Will- iam McDermott, 162 Seminary ave.; Engineer, George 180 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Lathrop, 129 Webster ave.; Asst. Engineer, Charles M. Host, 276 W. North ave.; Drivers, Timothy Clifford, 41 Goethe; John Montgomery, 43 A. Engine Company No. 21 (7 Taylor). Captain, Joseph L. Kenyon, 468 S. State; Pipemen, Anthony Makens, 225 Third ave,, James E. Porter, 2834 Butterfield, Eichard T. Caeser, 466 S. State, Charles Scott, 211 Third ave.; Engi- neer, William Watkins, 3122 S. Dearborn; Asst. Engineer, William H. Cartwright, 435 Twenty-fourth; Drivers, Ste- phen Paine, 1719 S. State, Marshall Ward, 474 S. State. Engine Company No. 22 (454 Webster ave.). Captain, James J. Walsh, 47 Grove ct. ; Lieutenant, Peter Lawson, 183 Center; Pipemen, William Schubert, 123 Osgood, William Mullin, 522 Hurl but; Engineer, Francis Berry, 203 Lincoln ave.; Asst. Engineer, John Calahan, 935 N. Halsted; Drivers, William J. Moore, 95 Fremont, Frede- rick J. Varges, 312 Burling. Engine Company No. 23 (54 Hinman). Captain, John McDonough; 547 S. Leavitt; Lieutenant, John Elliott, 77 Sholto; Pipemen, John J. Flemmiug, 706 Hinman, Michael Cummings, 109 Newberry, ave.; Engineer, Levi A. For- ester, 33 Moore; Asst. Engineer, Gerold Allen, 734 Hin- man; Drivers, John G. Eisedorph, 652 Twenty-first, John McGinn, 665 S. May. Engine Company No. 24 (1009 W. Madison). Captain, Frank H. Butterfield, 1088 W. Madison; Lieutenant, Pe- ter A. Lynch, 1021 W. Monroe; Pipemen, Charles Thomp- son, 150 Owasco, and Benedict Eudolph, 1248 Fulton; Engineer, Henry V. Coleman, 271 Campbell ave. ; Asst. Engineer, George H. Fisher, 209 Campbell ave. ; Drivers, Eeuben Bunnell, 977 Wilcox ave., and Lawrence Drooney, 1067 W. Monroe. Engine Company No, 25 (127 Canalport ave). Cap- tain, Christian Schimmels, 571 S. Halsted; Lieutenant, William Hanlon, 703 S. Halsted; Pipemen, Frederick W. THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 181 Buehler, 370 Johnson, and George W. Dow, 342 Blue Island ave. ; Engineer, Frank Michels, 361 W. Polk; Asst. Engineer, Charles Welch, 526 S. Halsted; Drivers, John J. O'Brien, 364 W. Fourteenth, and Peter Hart, 1629 S. Clark. Engine Company No. 26 (142 N. Lincoln). Captain, Charles A. Anderson, 393 W. Huron; Lieutenant, Eobert L. Hunt, 222 Walnut; Pipemen, Charles E. Case, 976 W. Lake, and George W. Albrecht, 10 Emerson ave.; Engi- neer, John Michels, 31 Eyers ct. ; Asst . Engineer, George J. Fuller, 704 W. Chicago ave. ; Drivers, George N. Jew- ett, 14 Eumsey, and John Adank, 518 Park ave. Engine Company No. 27 (437 N. Wells). Captain, Nicholas Weinand, 393 Oak; Lieutenant, George B. Mil- ler, 89 Sigel; Pipemen, George E. Geis, 431 Elm, John Rowan, 332 N. Branch, and Frank Burger, 615 Larrabee; Engineer, Frank B. Flynn, 30 Menominee; Asst. Engineer, Matthew Geis, 61 Mohawk; Drivers, John T. O'Malley, 26 Superior, and John Fleck, 679 Sedgwick. Engine Company No. 28 (104 Deering). Captain, James Fitzpatrick, 2888 Archer ave.; Lieutenant, John B. Jaimayfield, 2645 Hickory; Pipemen, Peter Phelan, 2947 Arch, and Henry Kipley, 2802 Archer ave. ; Engi- neer, John Doyle, 3729 Dearborn; Asst. Engineer, Charles Cooney, 3700 Ellis ave.; Drivers, James Maloney, 2807 Hickory, and Bartholomew Cloonan, 2922 Main. Engine Company No. 29 (846 Thirty-fifth). Captain, David J. Mahoney, 2100 La Salle; Lieutenant, Thomas Kenny, 3332 Emerald ave.; Pipemen, John Downs, 2907 Lowe ave., and Michael Clark, 3814 Dashiel; Engineer, James Kingswell, 3251 La Salle; Asst. Engineer, John D. Sleeth, 3122 S. Halsted; Drivers, Victor F. Rofinot. 3022 Emerald ave., and Patrick Fleming, 3220 Emerald ave. Engine Company No. 30 (514 N. Ashland ave.). Cap- tain, Norman N. Holt, 706 W. Chicago ave.; Lieutenant, 182 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Bernard Smith, 526 \V. Chicago ave. ; Pipemen, William Fries, 178 Orchard, and John B. Listman, 95 George; En- gineer, John A. Prindergast, 420 AV. Huron; Asst. Engi- neer, Joseph Cichocky, 29 Cornell; Drivers, Joseph E. Howe, 20 Fry, and Charles Flick, 514 Ashland ave. Engine Company No. 31 (374 Ogden ave.). Captain, Joseph O'Donohue, 1020 W. Taylor; Lieutenant, Thomas J. Canty, 908 W. Twelfth; Pipemen, James Whelan, 1140 W. Jackson, and James E. Feeny, 171 Thirteenth pi.; Engineer, George W. Dugan, 301 AV. Jackson; Asst. En- gineer, Martin Aldrich, 615 W. Twelfth: Drivers, James A. Carlin, 870 TV. Harrison, and James Han rah an, 111 1ST. Lincoln. Engine Company No. 32 (Michigan ave. and Monroe, north end Exposition Building). Captain, Daniel Wall, 410 W. Taylor; Lieutenant, John Haeberle, 186 Sedgwick; Pipemen, John 0. Day, 140 Michigan ave., Frederick Kaeder, 1909 S. State, Conrad Euhl, 2238 Wentworth ave., James Lafevour, 495 W. Indiana, and Joseph Heaney, 658 W. Twenty-first; Engineer, Timothy J. Lynch, 225 N. Market; Asst. Engineer, John Hassis, 239 N. Market; Drivers, John Murphy, 566 W. Fourteenth, and Edward B. Silsby, 2416 Wentworth ave. Engine Company No. 33 (150 Southport ave.). Cap- tain, Lorens Walters, 144 Dearborn ave.; Lieutenant, Ed- ward O'Neill, 292 Huron; Pipemen, James J. Grant, 84 Webster ave., and Clemens Moringer, 83 Mohawk; Engi- neer, Francis E. Sowersby, 51 Osgood; Asst. Engineer, Charles W. Hopkins, 86 Webster ave. ; Drivers, John Ty- son, 82 Grant pi., and George Steuernagle, 126 Webster ave. Engine Company No, 34 (19 South Curtis). Captain, Thomas Webber, 299 Austin ave. ; Lieutenant, Patrick J. Jennings, 85 Thirteenth pi.; Pipemen, Philip E. Haas, 139 N. Lincoln, John C. Goodwin 549 S. Leavitt, Daniel Murphy, 493 S. Morgan ; Engineer, Charles H. Waters, THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 183 349 Center ave. ; Assistant Engineer, George B. Hargan, 315 W. Taylor ; Drivers, Dennis Layden, 14 Wright, George Frinier, 459 W. Twelfth. Engine Company No. 35 (478 W. North ave). Captain, August L. Schubert, 787 Washtenaw ave.; Lieutenant, Alfred W. Pendleton, Engine House ; Pipemen, William C. Fis'her, 30 Evergreen ave., Henry Kaulbach, 667 Mil- waukee ave.; Engineer, William H. Kline, 468 W. North ave. ; Assistant Engineer, Wilder B. Card, 560 W. North ave.; Drivers, Henry A. Michels, 28 Martine ct., Joseph O'Malley, 1118 N. Oakley ave. Engine Company No. 37 (River Fire Boat, Allen's Slip, May and Twenty-second). Captain, William A. Cowan, 2863 Deering ; Pipemen, Aaron Jansen, 256 Blackhawk, Frederick Goetz, 140 Canalport ave.; Pilot, Michael J. Driscoll, 14 Menominee ; Fireman, John F. Weine, 303 W. Twenty-second; Engineer, Robert Nicholson, 3058 Main, Assistant Engineer, Daniel F. Rice, 9 Carl ; Assistant Pilot and Pipeman, James E. Nolan, 303 W. Twenty- second. Hook and Ladder Company No. 1 (84 Pacific ave). Captain, Peter Trainor, 126 Sebor ; Lieutenant, Patrick Donahue, 148 W. Jackson ; Truckmen, Henry Schroeder, 274 W. Twelfth, Thomas P. Breen, 336 S. Morgan, Otto H. Miller, 323 Twenty-third, William Langdon, 464 S. Desplaines, George Bauman, 78 Twenty-fifth, Frederick Heilmann, 315 S. State, Patrick 0. Neil, 29 Chatham ct.; Truckman, Edgar K. Hand, 1605 Wabash ave.; Driver, George W. Cooke, 282 Honore. Hook and Ladder Company No. 2 (195 S. Jefferson). Captain, William C. Van Osdel, 320 W. Harrison ; Lieu- tenant, James Pumphrey, 188 Brown ; Truckmen, Jacob Klein, 442 S. Clark, James Papineau, 386 Maxwell, James McGraw, 320 W. Harrison, John Long, 37 Ruble, Michael J. Reiser, 320 W. Harrison, Thomas Hanson, 276 W. Tay- 184 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. lor, Timothy Smith, 179 N. Ashland ave., Thomas O'Day, 494 W. Fourteenth ; Driver, James Drew. 493 S. Morgan. Hook and Ladder Company No. 3 (179 E. Erie). Captain, Frederick I. Eies, 76 Howe ; Lieutenant, Francis Conway ; 318 Webster ave., Truckmen, Thomas L. Conway, 179 Erie, August Seeger, 179 Erie, Joseph M. Cone, 179 Erie, Thomas L. Conway, 77 Cherry, John S. Hanson 124 W. Indiana, James Sweeney, 332 N. Franklin, Luke L. Agnew, 223 Elm ; Drivers, Helmer Hermanson, 188 Sedg- wick, Martin Lacy, 158 LaSalle ave. Hook and Ladder Company No. 4 (322 E. Twenty-sec- ond). Captain, David W. Evans, 3037 Lyman; Lieutenant, Michael McNamara, 98 McGregor ; Truckmen, Patrick Carroll, 164 W. Twenty-first, John Cahill, 1241 Wabash ave., James Horan, 1916 Butterfield, Walter Stephens, 3133 Wahl, John L. Haslitt, 3025 Shields ave., William J. Burroughs, 322 E. Twenty-second, John Wagner, 2100 S. Clark, Thomas Barry, 322 Twenty-fourth; Driver, Matthew Hartigan, 2119 Went worth ave. Hook and Ladder Company No. 5 (440 W. Twelfth). Captain, Paul F. A. Pundt, 826 W. Twelfth ; Truckmen, John Sullivan, 482 Center ave., John Schott, 342 Blue Island ave., Dennis McSweeney, 243 S. Halsted, John Gormly, 858 S. Ashland ave., James J. Masterson, 319 W. Twelfth ; C. Truckman, John Harmon, 66 W. Nineteenth; Driver, Henry Lincoln, 219 Blue Island ave. Hook and Ladder Company No.- 6 (218 S. Franklin). Captain, Patrick 0. Malley, 245 Mohawk ; Lieutenant, PatricK Doyle, 107 Sholto ; Truckmen, Thomas Hannon, 71 Sholto, John Cramer, 416 North ave., Thomas Flavin, 193 Blackhawk, Benjamin 0. Connor, 172 E. Indiana, James Redmond, 48 Boston ave., Stephen Gleason, 58 Finnell, Edward O'Brien, 44 Gurley, Owen White, 3707 Prairie ave.; Drivers, Michael Ahern, 109 W. Madison, John Quinn, 118 Brown. THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 185 Hook and Ladder Company No. 7 (440 N. Lincoln). Captain, John Cook, 654 Carroll ave. ; Lieutenant, Jacob Grauer, 432 W . Huron ; Truckmen, Patrick O'Connor, 573 Carroll ave., James McCabe, 976 W. Lake, William Burns, 592 Austin ave., Thomas Bidwell, 478 Austin ave., Herman Reich, 23 Bauman, John McCarthy, 375 W. Polk ; Driver, Thomas Haley, 520 W. Indiana. Hook and Ladder Company No. 8 (102 Deering). Captain, Isadore P. Smith, 2854 Archer ave.; Lieutenant, John W. Powers, 2952 Main ; Truckmen, Anthony Lagger, 3233 Wallace, August W. Wachholz, 2827 Bonfield, Tim- othy Murphy, 2811 Hickory, James Burke, 2102 Fifth ave., George T. Marks, 2859 Deering, George W. Tebbins, 2621 Mary ; Driver, Elmer E . Hartranft, 2913 Lyman . Hook and Ladder Company No. 9 (Michigan ave. and Monroe, north end Exposition Building). Captain, John Nichol, 1323 Michigan ave . ; Lieutenant, Charles Seyfer- lich, 489 Fifth ave. ; Truckmen, William Bomhake, 288 Rush, Peter Curres, 241 Chestnut, Michael Moran, 1938 Archer ave., Thomas Gallagher, 182 Sherman, Joseph J. Feely, 1621 Wabash ave., Jeremiah J. Lorden, 468 W. Twelfth, Thomas O'Malley, 151 W. Jackson ; Drivers, Thomas Findley, 13 Newberry ave., Stephen Keegan, 351 Twenty-sixth. Hook and Ladder Company No. 10 (524 N. Halsted). Captain, David O'Connell, 127 Larrabee ; Lieutenant, Thomas J . Carney, 248 E . Chicago ave. ; Truckmen, John Tangney, 237 Mohawk, Robert G. Linberg, 524 N. Hal- sted, Nicholas Powers, 24 Grace, John Riley, 26 Grace, Henry Becker, 29 Eugenie, George Woelfing, 580 N . Mar- ket ; Driver, John F. Kelley, 23 Judson ; Driver, John Trent, 742 N. Halsted. Chemical Engine Company No. 1 (49 W. Washing- ton). Lieutenant, William D. Quirk, 18 Belknap; Pipe- men, Charles Foreman, 144 N. Morgan, John Carmody, 186 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 468 W. Twelfth; Driver, John Kelly, Ashland and Archer avs. Chemical Engine Company No. 2 (86 W. Erie). Lieutenant, William T. M. Figg, 260 "W. Chicago ave.; Pipemen, John V. Shay, 126 S. Desplaines, John C. Thome, 2109 S . Clark ; Driver, Thomas Fitzgerald, 106 Marble pi . THE POMPIER CORPS. This service is an invaluable adjunct of the fire depart- ment. Originating in St. Louis, it has gradually found its way into the majority of metropolitan places, and has proven of incalculable good in the saving of lives at fires. The apparatus which is attached to the several Hook and Ladder companies of Chicago is a scaling ladder about six- teen feet long. At its upper end is a wrought iron hook with a serated inner edge, reaching about three feet, and clutching securely any window sill. The rungs or foot places for the man or men who use the ladder protrude about six inches on either side of the pole. The pompier men wear a broad belt around the waist. It is of canvas and leather about six inches wide and can sustain several persons. To this belt a strong strap attaches a wrought iron snap hook, whereby the man can preserve his balance by using both hands. By taking a few turns of a rope around the hcok the men can not only lower themselves by means of the rope, but even take a couple with them. The rope is 100 feet long, half an inch thick, of the best quality of hemp, and weighs only four pounds. There are a ground ladder and time drill, evolutions on ladders, des- cent, straddling sills, ascending in oblique directions, and rope exercises. Placing the ladder on the ground the men raise the ladder to the breast, and then place the ladder horizontal above the head : At a fire Xo. 1 places his ladder against the building THE FIKE DEPARTMENT. 187 and raises it so that the neck of the ladder touches the building : , Then the hook is turned into the building over the sill. Then No. 1 starts up to the second story on the lad- der. Reaching the hook, and with both feet close to the pole, he fastens his snap hook to the neck of the ladder, and by leaning back so steadies himself as to raise the next ladder. No. 2 hands him this which he raises to the third story. No. 2 climbs to the second story, and then raises the ladder of No. 3, and thus the chain is made. Four men on Hook and Ladder Company No. 1, have frequently scaled a ninety-five foot tower in less than two minutes. When rooms have high ceilings by the aid of the pompier ladder a man can reach' six feet higher, standing on the sill, than by working from an ordinary ladder. Eight men at the same time can cover four different parts of the buildings or front of a row of buildings. One man with the apparatus can mount to the top of a building. Reaching the top of the ladder the man straddles the window sill and lifts the ladder to the window of the next story. When two men operate the ladder, No. 1 enters the window by straddling the sill, No. 2 follows and is held in position by No. 1, who catches No. 2 by his snap hook. The rope is the most arduous part of the drill. The life line is used only in case there is one person to be saved or the pompier is cut off. The upper end of the rope is fastened to the neck of the highest ladder, then the pompier stands on the sill and the person to be saved or the other pompier thrusts his head through the out-stretched limbs of the first, holding the handles of the latter's belt. The turns around the snap-hook act as a block and the descent can be made slowly or rapidly by one or both hands of the first. 188 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. While many lives have been saved by this service, the life of the pompier corps is yet a very perilous one. THE FIKE ALARM SERVICE. Up to the introduction of the electrical fire alarm sys- tem, in case of fire the signal from the alarm bell was, in every instance preceding the district number, eight strokes of the bell, and then as follows : First district, 1 stroke ; second, 2 strokes ; third, 3 strokes ; fourth, 4 strokes ; fifth, 5 strokes ; sixth, 6 strokes. For a general alarm the signal was the continual ringing of the bell. On June 2, 1865, the system was inaugurated with 120 miles of wire ; 106 signal boxes ; fourteen engine house gongs ; six bell strikers ; six dial instruments for police purposes and central office apparatus, costing $70,000. The first engine responding to a call the "Economy" half a mile distant made it in thirteen minutes ; the "Northern Star Hose," two and a half miles in nineteen minutes. E. B. Chandler was the first Superintendent and his assistant was John P. Barrett, the present Superinten- dent. The service has advanced beyond this: 3,478 tele- graph poles, 565 miles wire in air, 28 miles wire in cables, 511 fire-alarm boxes, 174 keyless doors, 40 jokers and at- tachments, 13 bells and strikers, 52 engine-house gongs, 332 telephones, 3,100 battery jars, 1 four-dial repeater. VOLUNTEER SERVICE. The following were the chiefs of the volunteer fire de- partment: Hiram Hugunin, 1835, six months; George W. Snow, 1836, one year; John M. Turner, 1837, one year; Luther Nichols, 1840, one year; A. S. Sherman, 1841-2, two years; Stephen F. Gale, 1843-6, three years; C. E. Peck, 1847-8, two years; Ashley Gilbert, 1849, one year; C. P. Bradley, 1850-1, two years; U. P. Harris, 1852-3, two years; James M. Donnelly, 1854, one year; Silas; THE FIEE DEPARTMENT. 189 McBride, 1855-6, two years; Denis J. Swenie, 1858-9, two years. The first volunteer engine company was organized Dec. 12, 1835, and was called the Fire King. Its offi- cers were S. G-. Trowbridge, Foreman; Alvin Calhoun, Assistant-Foreman ; A. D. Hamilton, Secretary ; H. Gr. Loomis, Treasurer; and Ira Kimberly, Steward. On Dec. 11, 1837, the second engine was organized. It was called the Tradesman's, afterward the Metamora. Follow- ing is a list of the companies with their foreman and date of organization up to the birth of the paid fire depart- ment: Name. Organized. Foreman. Niagara Nov. , 1844. George F. Foster. Red Jacket Nov., 1846. F. T. Sherman. Excelsior Nov., 1846. A. S Sherman. Garden City Aug., 1849. Charles Morton. Lawrence Sept., 1850. Mathew Conley. Waubansia Dec., 1851. Frank Hathaway. New England Feb. , 1854. W. B. Bateham. Washington Jan., 1855. John Schanks. Wideawake Jan., 1856. George Ross. Neptune Feb., 1856. H. Beebe. Red Rover Jan. , 1857. T. E. Courtney. Torrent March, 1857. John M. Lambin. Northern Liberty Dec., 1858. Conrad Foltz. HOSE COMPANIES. Philadelphia Jan., 1845. J. B. Johnson. Hope Oct., 1850. S. O. Eames. Lone Star Dec., 1851. L. Meyer. Lafayette Sept., 1855. M. W. Powell. Liberty Dec., 1856. John B. Dickey. Lady Washington Jan., 1857. John R. Clark. HOOK AND LADDER COMPANIES. Pioneer Oct., 1835. Rescue Nov. , 1855. L. Warwick. Empire March, 1857. A. Reary. 190 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. THE PAID FIRE DEPARTMENT. Under the paid system in 1860 the first roster was as follows: Chief of the Department, IT. P. Harris; First Assistant, Darius Knight; Second Assistant, J. J. Lang- don; Fire Commissioners, South Division, Ira Coleman; North Division, D. H. Howard; West Division, C. A. Warner. Volunteer Companies: Niagara Engine Com- pany, No. 3; America, No. 9; Neptune, No. 11; Torrent, No. 13; Northern Liberty, No. 15; Union, No. 8. Paid Department: Steam Engine "Long John/' No. 1; "En- terprise," No. 2; "Atlantic," No. 3; "Island Queen," No. 4; U. P. Harris, No. 5; Little Giant, No. 6. Fire districts same as in 1858. The following have been the chiefs of the paid depart- ment: D. J. Swenie, 1859; U. P. Harris, 1859-68; R. A. Williams, 1868-73; succeeded by Mr. Benner and the pres- ent incumbent, D. J. Swenie. The alarm for the great fire was sounded from box 342, THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 191 at 9:20 P.M., October 8, 1871. The "Little Giant" No. 6, was the first arrival. The fire started in a cow stable owned by Mr. Thomas O'Leary, in the rear of 137 DeKoven street. A fierce southwest wind prevailed, and all combustible matter was very dry. The firemen were very much fatigued by their labors at a very large fire the night preceding. They worked with a will, but unavail- ingly. In one hour and fifteen minutes the flames had swept away thirty-two blocks of buildings, covering eighty acres, and involving a loss of about $1,475,000. The con- flagration having spread to the south division the depart- ment hurried thither. No earthly power, however, could stay the flames. Within the space of twenty-eight hours 25,000 buildings, covering 2,000 acres, had been destroyed. R. A. Williams was fire marshal at the time ; John Schanck, First Assistant; Lorenz Walters, Second Assistant; Matthias Benner, Third Assistant. The following companies were engaged in the uneven contest with the flames. They had nine members each, commanded by the men named : Long John, A. McMonagle ; Waubansia, M. Sullivan ; Wm. James, J. McLean ; Jacob Rehm, G. Charlson ; Chi- cago, C. Schimmels ; Little Giant; James Enright ; Econ- omy, N. Dubach ; Frank Sherman, J. A. Kinney ; J. B. Rice, J. J. Walsh; A. 0. Coventry, L. J. Walsh; T. B. Brown, F. W. Tapling ; A. D. Titsworth, M. W. Shay ; Frederick Gund, D . J . Swenie ; Illinois, William Mullin ; Winnebago, John Dreher ; R. A. Williams, C. T. Brown. The following were the Hook and Ladder Companies : No. 2, M. Schull; 3, J. H. Green: 4, George Ernst. No. 7 Engine Company was a relief engine, and was located at 80 West Lake street, and Benjamin Rice was engineer. Two hose elevators and the following supply hose carts were in service : 192 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. No. 1, Leo Meyers; 2, John Dorsey ; 3, Matthew Schuh ; 4, J. C. Schmidt ; 5, J. J. Grant ; 6, Thomas Barry . Three fire engines were destroyed, the " William James/' the " Liberty " which were in the repair shop, and the "Fred Gund," which was lost at the corner of Canal and VanBuren streets . Fire Marshal Swenie was foreman of the company at the time. The following firemen have lost their lives in the service: Charles Albert, August 31, 1883; Nicholas Barth, May 3, 1867 ; George Berg, March 5, 1869 ; Erastus S. Bowen, October 19, 1883 ; Charles Bird, May 3, 1885 ; John Culling, January 10, 1870 ; John Carroll, January 1, 1876 ; James F. Conway, January 22, 1881 ; Henry T. Coyle, July 14, 1879 ; Edward Cudmore, December 9, 1885 ; John Farrell, March 12, 1874 ; George E. Fuller, January 7, 1875 ; Ignatuis Geis, June 7, 1865 ; John Geis, May 3, 1867 ; Daniel Heartt, January 7, 1866 ; Jacob Heldt, May 3, 1867 ; Daniel Hartnett, July 12, 1877 ; John Hanlon, January 5, 1881 ; George A. Kelly, Novem- ber 7, 1882 ; David B. Kenyon, October 25, 1884 ; Peter Marayette, March 5, 1869 ; Martin Mulvey, May 3, 1885 ; Andrew J. McEvoy, May 22, 1883 ; Patrick Murphy, October 19, 1883 ; Charles Noble, September 23, 1866 ; Thomas O'Brien, March 5, 1869 ; John O'Eourke, Novem- ber 14, 1877 ; Thomas O'Shaughnessey, October 14, 1880 ; William H. Perry, June 4, 1881 ; George H. Rau, August 8, 1879 ; John H. Straining, November 14, 1877 ; Richard J. Sweeney/ January 10, 1877 ; Edward Smith, June 20, 1880 ; Michael Sullivan, June 23, 1883 ; William Toner, May 9, 1863 ; Charles Wiltz, March 5. 1869. 18 BENNER S FIKE ESCAPE. 193 THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. FREDERICK EBERSOLD. The Chief of Police was born March 30, 1841, in the town of Ixheim, county of Zweibrucken, Ehine province of Bavaria. His father and mother dying in one night on February 6, 1856, he left home and came to America, find- ing friends in New York. In February, 1857, he came to Chicago and apprenticed himself with J. J. West, 197 Lake street, to the varnishing trade. In 1859 he bought grain, etc., in Mendota, 111., and was so engaged when the war broke out. He enlisted April 19, 1861, in Company B, Twelfth Illinois Infantry, and was shortly made a corporal in the three months service. Mustered out at Cairo, 111., in August, 1861, he came home sick, but again enlisted September 15 or thereabouts in Company I, of the 58th Illinois Infanty formed at Camp Douglas, as a sergeant, and served until August 25, 1865. The regiment was attached to the First Brigade, Second Division, Fifteenth Army corps (Sherman's old corps), and fought at Shiloh, Russell House, Corinth, Arkansas Post, Vicksburg, Jack- son, Mission Ridge, Atlanta, and was present at the final sur- render of General Johnson at Raleigh, N. C. He retired with the rank of captain. He lost all he saved in the army in the commission business. On July, 9, 1867, he \vas appointed patrolman on the Chicago police force. He was made a sergeant in the Twenty-second street district and a lieutenant in 1875. He was promoted to a captaincy by Carter Harrison, of the first precinct, was transferred to the second precinct, thence to the third, to the Central 194 THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 195 station in command of the central detail, and on April 22, 1884, back again in command of the first precinct. On August 15, 1885, he was promoted to the inspectorship to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the lamented Colonel Welter, and on October 15 he was made general superintendent of police. JOHN BONFIELD. Police Inspector Bonfield was born in the city of Bath- urst, New Brunswick, in April, 1836. From 1858 to 1868 he was a locomotive engineer on the Chicago & Alton road. Positions in Hoff's packing house, in Wahl's glue factory, experience in the grocery business, and a term in the Custom House followed. He and his brother purchased a fertilizing establishment, but it proved a failure. January 1878 he joined the police force and he was detailed as a detective at Twenty-second street station. Chief Mc- Garigle subsequently put him on the detective force at the central. He afterward served successively as Lieutenant of the Twenty-second street station, Lieutenant of the West Twelfth street station, Lieutenant of the Madison street station, and chief of detectives at the Central. Cap- tain Bonfield did much to advance the police patrol service, working out the details of the system that have made it so thoroughly effective. WILLIAM BUCKLEY. Capt. William Buckley, the Commander of the First Precinct, has been on the Chicago Police Department over twenty years. The active part he had taken in running down criminals and preserving the peace during his entire career on the force aroused the enmity of several criminals; and he narrowly escaped assassination at the hands of the supposed murderers of McKeever, who was killed in the race between "Butler" and "Cooley" on the turf. Among other experiences the Captain received a severe beat- 196 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ing by a gang of roughs while returning from St. John's church with his wife, March 10, 1871, and was dragged under a private carriage by a contumacious driver, barely escaping from being trampled to death under the horses' feet. The Captain was born in Ballyhone, parish of Afhane, county of Waterford, Ireland, June 9, 1832. At the age of sixteen he came to America and located in New York. His first employment was on the farm of Col. George D. Coles, at Glencoe, Queens county. In 1856 he came to Chicago, after having worked on a farm in Warren county, Ohio. Col. E. J. Hamilton placed him in charge of his coal business here, and he subsequently entered the em- ploy of Law & Strother, coal dealers. He joined the police force in 1865, and after eight years active duty had climbed the steps from patrolman to captain. He received his commission as captain July 14, 1873, when Capt. Hickey resigned. Mr. Buckley is thoroughly acquainted with his district, and has taken a great interest in the wel- fare of the south side . SIMOX O'DONNELL. The bluff and tireless Commander of the West Twelfth street district was born in 1834 in Clare County, Ireland, and came to America in 1853. He at once located in Chicago and went farming; he steamboated subsequently. On April 7, 1862, he was appointed on the police force by Chief Bradley, and did duty from the old Armory, corner of Franklin and Adams streeet. For six years he did duty on the crossing at Lake and Clark streets. His popularity in this section led, in a great measure, to his promotion. Created a sergeant, he was detailed to TAvelfth street, and soon rose to the rank of captain. He spent four years at Harrison street station. The deputy superintendency of police and then the general superintendency followed under THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 197 Carter Harrison. In December, 1881, he resigned and came back to his present position as Captain at West Twelfth street. The first patrol wagon left his station, and he has done much in the development of the patrol service. WILLIAM WARD. Captain William Ward of the Third precinct succeeds Captain Bonfield, is about thirty-five years old, has lived in Chicago all his life, and has been a policeman for over ten years, during which time he has served almost con- tinuously in the district of which he is now in control. He is energetic and is well able to fill the position to which he is assigned. He ordered the crowd to disperse at the Haymarket . AMOS W. HATHAWAY. The Captain of the Fourth precinct has been connected with the Chicago police force for over twenty years, becom- ing a patrolman at old North Market Hall, associations of which, in the memory of old-time Northsiders, are spoken of in the same breath with his name today. He was stationed here for three years. In 1868 he was sergeant of the Huron street station, and under Washburn he was made a lieutenant. On August 1, 1879, he was made a captain at East Chicago avenue. On April 22, 1884, he was transferred to West Chicago avenue station. The Captain was married in 1862 to Miss Rosalia Russell, and is the father of nine children. Captain Hathaway is a son of Providence (R. I.), and was born in that city May 29, 1839. His mother dying when he was only five months old, his grandmother took him to a farm near Oswego, New York . She subsequently removed to Jefferson County, where Hathaway worked until he was eleven years of age. He now went to Oswego on what he had saved working in a huckle-berry swamp. 198 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. He at once was employed by Smith & Kind, machinists, where he worked for three years. He subsequently ran a stationary for W. H. Whalen. He then boarded the E. W. Cross, plying between Oswego and Chicago, and fol- lowed the lakes up to 1855. In 1857 and 1858, impelled by the western fever, he visited Lawrence, Kansas, and in the company of such men as Col. James Lane, was a wit- ness to the exciting episodes in that day and place. In 1860, after some service on a farm in Palatine, he located permanently in Chicago. He first obtained a position as foreman in the Mechanical Bakery, corner of Clinton and Lake streets, which, under the proprietorship of Henry C. Childs, supplied the Union army with so much hard tack. At one time the institution used as many as 100 barrels of flour every twenty-four hours. He took to sailing once again for a short time and then joined the police force. MICHAEL SCHAACK. The Captain of the Fifth precinct is one of the ablest and most modest men on the Chicago police force. For a long time "his light was hid under a bushel," through the force of circumstances; but the monstrous crime of Mulkowski, sentenced to death for the killing of Mrs. Alice Kledzick, revealed a detective skill in Captain Schaack, which, in that particular line of service, challenges comparison any- where. The evidence submitted to the Criminal Court, than which no circumstantial testimony was more conclus- ive, was introduced by Captain Schaack. The proceedings disclosed that the Captain was a magnificent reader of human nature, and the press and the public were not slow in recognizing the fact. Captain Schaack was born in Luxembourg, Belgium, in April, 1844. He was very young when he came to America. In 1866 he was employed by a detective agency. In 1869 he went on the Chicago police force and traveled beat for THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 199 one year. An. experience for six years as a detective led to his promotion as a police sergeant. In 1879 he was ap- pointed lieutenant, and on August 17, 1885, he was created a captain. He made many arrests in connection with the Haymarket affair. JOHN D. SHEA. Lieutenant John D. Shea, Chief of Detectives in con- junction with Lieutenant Kipley, was born in Willow Springs, town of Palos, Cook county, 111., February 7, 1848. He attended the district school, and up to the age of twenty-five spent his life on a farm. On August 1, 1873, he came to Chicago, and joined the police force as a patrol- man, first doing duty in the Twelfth street district, under Simon O'Donnell, who was then a sergeant. When O'Don- nell was transferred to the Armory to succeed Captain Hickey, Shea accompanied him. He first saw detective duty under Captain Seavey, now dead; and first traveled with Ike Lansing, now a flourishing liquor merchant. He traveled next with Ed. Keating, now dead, whom Shea characterizes as the best police officer he ever traveled with. When Captain O'Donnell was created Superintendent of Police, Shea was transferred to the Central Station. While here he was promoted to a lieutenancy and placed in charge of the Twenty-second street station. After a very success- ful experience in this region he was appointed Chief of Detectives. Among the many exploits of the Chief it is asserted that he, with Keating, sent men to the peniten- tiary for terms aggregating 108 years. JOSEPH KIPLEY. Lieutenant Joseph Kipley, who with John D. Shea has command of the Chicago detective force, has been con- nected with the Police Department about fifteen years, and during that time has served nearly ten years at detective work. The Lieutenant "has been engaged in every import- 200 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ant case during the last ten years, and some of them are worthy of praise. The arrest and conviction of the trio of Italian murderers Avas a perfect piece of detective skill, and to Mr. Kipley is due a great deal of credit for the active part he took in the affair. Desperate criminals have attempted to kill the Lieuten- ant on numerous occasions. He has exchanged shots numerous times with law-breakers, but has never received a scratch. Mr. Kipley was born in Patterson, N. J. , November 24, 1848. After attending school and working in the cotton mills at his native place, he came to Chicago, in 1865. He followed the carpentering trade for awhile, and on January 24, 1871, joined the police force, He first did service at the old West Madison street station, and after doing duty at Harrison street and Twelfth street, was placed in charge of the Central station. In 1872 the Lieutenant married Miss Helen Wheeler, a St. Paul girl, and at present is the father of two children. GEORGE W. HUBBARD. The extremely popular and handsome Commander of the central detail, George W. Hubbard, was born at Cam- bridge, Md., February 22, 1850, and is regarded by every- body as just the man, of all men, peculiarly adapted to the position he holds. He was appropriately named Wash- ington, being born on the anniversary of the Father of his Country. In 1870 he came to Chicago and entered the employ of Dawson & Shields, confectioners, at 17 South Water street. In July, 1873, he went upon the Police Department. He was first stationed at the Armory; was made a station-keeper at Deering street; then at Madison and Union streets; had command of the first patrol in the service; was transferred to the Central, Xovember, 1882, and was promoted to his present position April 21, 1884. THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 201 He received a thorough business education at Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College, and had it not been for the great fire of 1871, he would most likely have improved it. At all events, Mr. Hubbard was placed in a position where the business interests of Chicago certainly are in no danger of suffering. EDWARD LAUGHLIN. This fearless and popular officer was born in Castle Island, County Kerry, Ireland, September 8, 1843. His early days were spent upon his father's farm, and he went to school in his native place. In 1862 became to America and located in Indiana, where he engaged in the employ of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago railway company. He came to Chicago July 4, 1863, and at once went to work in the freight department of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul railroad. He went south for awhile and steamboated on the Mississippi. Returning, he was employed by Mer- ritt & Bacron, 86 and 88 South Water street, as a shipping and receiving clerk. Like others, he was seized with the gold fever and Avent to California, but came back as poor as he went, after having traveled considerably. He settled down at once and entered the employ of Ingraham, Cor- bin & May, wholesale merchants. On March 1, 1872, he joined the police force, and has since established a record he may well feel proud of. He is now Lieutenant at the Armory. MADISON BEADELL. The courteous gentleman Avho presides over the aristo- cratic Cottage Grove avenue district, was born September 19, 1844, in Ceouga county, New York. Receiving his early education in Utica, New York, he was bright enough at the age of twelve years to board the sloop-of-war Vin- cennes, and at the age of fifteen to accompany his brother Charles, who was a captain on the lake. The paternal home 202 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. was on the Thousand Islands. When the war broke out his passion for military life induced him to leave his brother in the Welland canal, and enlist in Company D, of the Tenth Illinois Cavalry, at the age of seventeen. For four years and nine months he participated in the engagements fought by his regiment, including the battles of Pea Ridge, Little Rock, Marshfield, Benton and Prairie Grove, where he was severely wounded. During a skirmish near Rich- mond, La., he was taken prisoner, and suffered many se- vere hardships in the prison at Tyler, Texas. In 1865 the Lieutenant, having served all through the war, was placed upon the Chicago police force; and was the first man to travel a beat in the Bridgeport district at the old Archer avenue station. Promotion rapidly followed. JOHN REHM. Lieutenant Rehm, of the Thirty-fifth station, was born in Baltimore, Md., October 13, 1848, and went to school there. In 1868 he entered the employ of the United States Government as a teamster, and served throughout the war. He then learned tha trade of box-making in Chi- cago. In 1873 he joined the police force. He was sta- tioned at Hinman street, was made station-keeper in 1874, transferred to "West Madison, and served up to 1878, when he was made a patrol sergeant. In this capacity he acted at Twelfth, West Lake and Twenty-second streets. We was appointed Lieutenant of Police, April 24, 1884, and assigned to duty at Thirty-fifth street station. Of German descent Lieutenant Rhern is a thorough American, very sensibly selecting for his bride Miss Louisa Barth, who is a native of Illinois. EDWARD J. STEELE. Edward J. Steele, the military-appearing Lieutenant at West Chicago avenue station, has served nearly fourteen years on the Chicago police force. During that time he THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. has had many hair-breadth escapes; his finely proportioned physique having on numerous occasions been the target for desperate burglars and other criminals. The Lieutenant was born in Lewis County, New York, August 14, 1839. When four years old his parents moved to Canda and then to Ontario. While there our subject was engaged in farming. In 1863 he came west and loca- ted in Minnesota. In the fall of the same year he came to Chicago and followed the carpentering trade. Subse- quently he joined Hamlin's merchant police, and after do- ing night duty for one year and a half he went on the Chi- cago Police Department, March 14, 1872. He first did duty at the old West Madison street station. Transferred to the squad he did service for one year, and then traveled as a detective at the Central for four or five years. Under the first part of Harrison's administration he was ap- pointed Lieutenant and placed in command of the de- tectives. From Chief of the Detectives he was transfer- red to West Lake street, and subsequently to West Chi- cago avenue. JAMES P. STANTON. The Lieutenant at the Lake street station, was born 1844, at Birmingham, England, and is of Irish descent. The family came to America in 1854, and young Stan- ton was here raised. Entering the navy he served with honor in many engagements, among which may be men- tioned the attack on Fort Fisher. In 1869 he went upon the police force. In 1881 he was created Lieutenant, and is a man respected highly. He was severely wounded at the Haymarket . JOHN BYENE. Lieutenant John Byrne, the Commander of the Deer- ing street district, was born in Ireland, May 22, 1849. When fourteen years of age he came to America and loca- 204 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ted in New York . He stayed in the latter city for two years, when he came west as far as Ottawa, Illinois, where he was engaged in contracting and building for two years . In 1868 he came to Chicago. January 16, 1870, the Lieu- tenant joined the police force and was first assigned to duty at the old Armory. In October, 1874, he was promoted to Sergeant and transferred to the Madison street station . When Captain Buckley, Sam Ellis, Fitz- patrick and others were removed from the force, during Heath's administration, the Lieutenant was among the number. He only remained off the force two years, however; and in 1869 was appointed Lieutenant and stationed at the Armory. Subsequently he was transferred to his present district. The Lieutenant has been shot at on numerous occasions by criminals, and has had many a hard struggle with desperate men . He is very popular in his district both as to his subordinates and the residents . RICHARD A. SHEPPARD. Lieutenant Richard Alexander Sheppard was born in Ireland in 1849, and with his mother, two brothers and a sister came to America in 1860, settling in Cleveland, Oswego county, New York. In 1866 the family came to C hicago and Richard obtained employment as a conductor and driver of a street car on the North Division Railway. After the great fire he and his brother, W . H . Sheppard, went into business. On August 25, 1875, he joined the police force. In 1876 he married Miss Mary Green, of Waukegan. He was created a sergeant August 5, 1878, at Hinman street station, was transferred to Deering street in 1879, and watched the butcher's strike of that year. The Lieutenant has made many important arrests in the service, several times at the risk of his life . While making an arrest for robbery on February 1, 1880, he was shot severely. He belongs to the Policeman's Benevo- THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 205 lent Association, Police State Association, Kilwinning Lodge of Masons, Order of the Red Cross, and the Chicago Council No. 4, Corinthian Chapter. He has always proved himself a fearless officer in the discharge of his duties. He is good-natured, but nevertheless a strict dis- ciplinarian, and was always respected by his subordinates . CROAK. Lieutenant Croak was born in Tipperary, Ireland, and came to New York in 1850. A carpenter by trade he was engaged for many years in church building in Brooklyn, Albany, Providence, and other eastern cities. In 1853 he came to Chicago and was employed by the Union Car Works until their buildings were burned down. He sub- sequently worked for the Terre Haute and Northwestern railroads at bridge building. In 1857 he returned to the East and married Miss Mary McLaughlin, an Albany girl. Shortly after his marriage he returned to Chicago and was immediately employed by Hall & French, sash, doors and blinds. In 1869 he was appointed on the police force and detailed to service at the old Armory. After the fire he was stationed at Harrison street, and subsequently trans- ferred to the Central on Mayor Heath's staff. Under Mayor Harrison he was created a sergeant, and in Novem- ber, 1882, was promoted to his present position. The Lieutenant has had many hair-breadth escapes; and barely escaped with his life when arresting a gang of burglars, who were ransacking a store on Clark street, near Jackson. VICTOR SCHUMACHER. Barring what clothes he had on his person Lieutenant Schumacher had but fifteen cents and a parcel of stuff in a red handerchief when he left Chicago in 1863 to try his luck in the Michigan pineries. The enterprising officer was born July 21, 1846 in Auderlach, Prussia, on the Rhine. His family located in Chicago in 1857. From 206 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 1864 until 1869 he was a merchant policeman and traveled beat between Ontario and Chestnut streets. He then spent a year in travel, covering seventeen of the United States in his trip. Returning to Chicago he joined the police force Aug. 21, 1870. He went first to Huron street, then to Webster avenue, and in 1874 was transferred to the Lake street squad, now known as the Central detail. For five years he served at the crossing, corner of Randolph and Clark streets, and a little while at State and Madison streets. In 1879 he was made a lieutenant and was assigned to duty at East Chicago avenue. Mrs. Lieuten- ant Schumacher was Angeline Gebel. the daughter of Peter Gebel, who located in Chicago in 1833. The old settler is still alive. WHEELER BARTRAM. The Sergeant of the Central detail is Wheeler Bartram. He was born April 14, 1843, in Madison, Lake county, Ohio. When he was ten years old the family came to New York and located on a farm . Here our subject was raised. In 1861 he enlisted in the 29th Indiana, and was captured May 1, 1862, by Morgan's Guerrillas, but was exchanged in 1863. He enlisted at once, rose to the position of corporal and first sergeant, fought at Liberty Gap and Chickamauga, among other battles, and served to the end of the war. He went upon the police force Oct. 13, 1868, He traveled first from the old Huron street station and afterwards from Larrabee street and Webster avenue. He was subsequently roundsman and desk-sergeant. He was appointed Sergeant of the Central detail May 20, 1883 . JOHN E. FITZPATRICK. The genial successor of Col. Welter, deceased, as drill- master of the Chicago police force, was born in Johnstown, Penn., in 1852. Here he was brought up and was em- ployed in the rolling mills. In 1878 he established a THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 207 rolling mill in Carondelet, South St. Louis. In 1873 he was Assistant Superintendent of the new rolling mills at Springfield, 111., but in a short time returned to the East St. Louis rolling mills, where his large experience secured for him the superintendency of the mills. In 1879 he came to Chicago and was employed at the Bridgeport wire works until they shut down in 1882. On January 13, 1883, he joined the police force and was assigned to duty at Harrison street. Transferred to the Central detail, Chief Ebersold appointed him drill-master in November, 1885. Sergeant Fitzpatrick's military experience includes the organization of the Johnstown Zouaves, and of the Sher- man Guards at Springfield. Other young and active spirits cooperated. He is also a member of Battery "D" at Springfield . The sergeant was commended to promo- tion for bravery at the Haymarket. ELISHA E. LLOYD. Lieutenant Lloyd, located at the Webster avenue sta- tion, is a native American, and is the hero of many thrill- ing experiences in the war for the Union . His intense sufferings in Andersonville prison qualified him for many a hard siege on the police force or anywhere else. He joined the department in 1878, and was promoted October 31, 1882. MICHAEL BISCHOFF. Lieutenant Bischoff, the Commander of the West North avenue station, joined the force in 1868. After traveling a little over a year, he was promoted a sergeant and subse- quently a lieutenant. JOHN BAUS. Immensely popular among his compatriots, Lieutenant Bans is located at the Larrabee street station. There are very few national demonstrations where the Lieutenant is 208 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. not easily recognized by his military bearing and his superb horsemanship. He joined the force September 20, 1865, and was promoted January 13, 1868. AUGUST BLETTNER. Lieutenant Blettner, of the West Twelfth street station, is of German birth, and is about forty years of age. He joined the police force July 10, 1867. He was promoted August 17, 1875. He is generally liked in his district. FRANCIS PENZEN. Lieutenant Penzen, of the Desplaines street station, i s a German by birth, and is about forty years of age. He joined the police force August 6, 1869. ANSON BACKUS. From every indication Lieutenant Backus is a pains- taking officer, and would seem to have a bright future before him in the department. He was born September 17, 1855, in Gaines, Orleans County, N. Y. His father was a Methodist minister, who gave his son a first-class training in one of the best seminaries of that denomina- tion. The Lieutenant went on the Chicago police force in 1881, and was stationed at West Lake street. In 1882 he was made a desk-sergeant at the Armory. On October 29, 1885, he was promoted to patrol sergeant, subsequently to the present position DANIEL HOGAN. This very popular desk sergeant at the Armory station was born in Molbay, Ireland, January, 1842. After pursu- ing with marked success a liberal course of studies in the cities of Dublin and Waterford, our subject grasped the birch and wielded it well for years, not only in his native country, but in America. The youth of the towns of La- ment and Palos, in Illinois, remember school-master Dan THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 209 when he made them smart and successful in their various pursuits, as they are today; and they respect him deeply for his ministrations. In 1873 Mr. Hogan joined the police force, and soon rose to the position of station-keeper. He was assigned to duty at Cottage Grove avenue station, and his general excellent conduct while here induced his trans- fer to the Armory. Dan is in every sense an ideal desk-sergeant. He exer- cises the finest discrimination; is sympathetic to a fault, but not so susceptible to imposture; generous and cour- teous, and is one of the best penmen and writers of reports on this or any other police force. GEORGE SANFORD. Sergeant George E. Sanford was born December 15, 1845, near Leo, Allen county, Ind., on a farm. In 1846 he came to Illinois, remaining in Ogle county up to 1849, when he returned to Indiana. In 1851 he accompanied his father to California in the pursuit of wealth, but was there hardly three months when he lost him by death. In 1859 George came back to Illinois, and worked at his trade as harness-maker with varying success. He stuck to the bench up to 1872, when he joined the police force, travel- ing from Twenty-second street as patrolman. In 1876 he resigned. On November 5, 1878, he went back under Captain Johnson, of the West Chicago avenue station. Thence he went to the Hinman street station, and stayed but a short time, when he was transferred to headquarters as station-keeper. On February 22d, 1884, he was created Patrol Sergeant. FRANK G. BEAUBIEN. Sergeant Frank G. Beaubien, of the "West Chicago ave- nue station, is the son of Mark Beaubein, who settled in Chicago in 1826, and a nephew of Jean Le Baptiste Beau- bien, who located in Chicago as a representative of the 14 210 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. American Fur Company immediately after the war of 1812. Mark Beaubien was one of the earliest white settlers in the city of Chicago. Our subject was born in Chicago in 1852. He spent his early life in Naperville and Kankakee, 111., and at- tended St. Vialias College at Borbonies' Grove. On leaving school he went into the grocery business with his father in Chicago. But the grocery trade had no charms for Frank, and after one year and a half with his father he joined the Chicago Police Department September 4, 1873. He was first detailed at the old Madison street station under Captain Lull. In the fall of 1878- he was transferred to the day squad, and in August, 1883 was de- tailed to service on the first patrol wagon that left the Cen- tral station. Subsequently he was appointed sergeant, and stationed at West Chicago avenue with Captain Hathaway. SYLVESTER KENNEDY. Sylvester Kennedy, Desk-Sergent at West Twelfth street police station, was born in Tipperary County, Ireland, January 28, 1844, came to America in 1865, land- ing in New York and came to Chicago in the same year. His first occupation in this city was as a railroad contractor, and he pursued the same with varying success up to 1880 when he joined the police department. He is a model desk-sergeant, his deportment under all circumstances be- ing gentlemanly. ANTHON ODIN OYEN. Sergeant Oyen was born in Throndhjem, Norway, Oc- tober 8, 1841. He attended the public school in his native place, and when ten years old was sent to a select school which he attended up to the age of fourteen. He was now appointed clerk in the Recorder's office in the city of his birth, and as such was required to attend the city court. When about fifteen years old he was apprenticed to the THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 211 drug business at Bodoe, fifty miles north of the Arctic circle, and after a term of five years he graduated in pharmacy and chemistry. On August 3, 1861, the family came to Chicago, but settled in Shelby County, 111., he remaining in Chicago. In October 8, 1861, Anthon enlisted in a Norwegian company organized in this city as a part of the Fifteenth Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. This regiment was composed entirely of Scandinavians. He entered as a private but was soon made sergeant, and in the spring of 1862, by reason of his pharmaceutical experience was appointed hospital steward of the regiment in the field. He first smelled powder in the siege of Island No. 10, on the Mississippi river, from March 16 to April 8, 1862, his regiment being first to take possession of that stronghold; and in the capture of three generals and about 7,000 men achieved the first decisive victory for the Federal flag. Joining the division under 0. 0. Mitchell at Cor- inth, Miss., the regiment entered the Buell and Bragg campaign through Tennessee and Kentucky and reached Louisville, September 26, 1862. The battle of Perryville, Ky., soon followed, when the regiment captured a whole train of rebel supplies. At the battle of Stone River our sub- ject was wounded by a piece of shell and was captured, but was recaptured soon after by a squadron of the Fourth United States Cavalry and one of the Fourth Ohio Cavalry, in which Dominick Welter, past Secretary of Police, was a captain. In the battle of Chick-- amauga, where the regiment was almost annihilated, our subject was taken prisoner. He was confined in Libby prison, in Pemberton, and afterward in Crew prison. Transported from Richmond to Danville, he was placed in prison No. 6, but was soon placed in charge of the small- pox hospital where he escaped with three others February 22, 1864. He was however, recaptured by the rebels near the Tennessee river in North Carolina, and sent to prison 212 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. No. 5. Shortly after he was transferred to Andersonville prison. From April 19 to May 26, he was in the stockade, where he was placed in charge of the dispensary of the hospital. On March 18, 1865, he was sent homeward, arriving in Vicksburg, after walking barefooted from Jack- son to Big Black river, distance thirty-six miles. He was now paroled and sent to Camp Benton barracks, St. Louis, after eighteen months imprisonment. During his service he acted as Assistant Surgeon of the regiment for a time, and was afterward offered the position permanently but declined. He joined the police force of Chicago, January 20, 1868, and after two years service was promoted to the position of Desk-Sergeant. He was for two years Bailiff of the North Division Police Court, and again a Desk- Sergeant, and since February 25, 1883, occupies his present position. CHARLES M. DAY. The Desk-Sergeant at the Central station was born in Clinton, Lena wee County, Michigan, February 4, 1845. In 1855 he came to Chicago, and after leaving school en- gaged in a variety of pursuits up to the time of the war. He then enlisted in the Seventy-second Illinois, and fought at Vicksburg and Champion Hills, among other battles. On January 9, 1867, he joined the police force, doing duty first at Twenty-second street. He served as a station- keeper for eight years. He went to the Armory in 1877, and was subsequently transferred to the Central. Several years ago he was shot in the arm while making an arrest. ALEXIS C. BURDICK. Sergeant Alexis C. Burdick was born August 21, 1846, in LaPorte County, Indiana. The family moved to White- side County, Illinois, when the boy was but three years of age. He was raised on a farm near Sterling. At the age of fifteen he entered the army, enlisting in McClellan's THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 213 Dragoons. He served throughout the war, and while act- ing as a scout for the Union army he was wounded near Liberty, Miss. Two weeks after, when he was reported dead, he made his way into the Union lines. After the war he settled in Chicago, and was at once appointed spe- cial detective for the Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway. In 1882 he resigned to accept the position as a detective at the Central station. Subsequently he was promoted a Sergeant, and transferred to Cottage Grove avenue. JOHN E. MAHONEY. Desk-Sergeant John Eugene Mahoney, connected with the Central, was born in Toronto, Canada, in 1845. From the time he left home up to 1870 he followed the drug and other occupations in New Brunswick, Portland, Me., and Chicago, where he came in 1865. He was stationed in the old Armory first. In 1873 he was made Station-Keeper at Harrison street, and then became Station-Keeper at Cottage Grove avenue. He was then made Desk-Sergeant at Twenty - second street station, again at Cottage Grove, and in February, 1884 he assumed his present position. DEXTER CODMAN. The good-natured Desk-Sergeant at the headquarters of the Central detail was born January 16, 1824, in Ontario, N. Y., and farmed until 1849. Prior to his arrival in Chicago, in 1852, Mr. Codman pursued various occupa- tions in the Central and Western States. He will be re- membered by old residents in Chicago as the agent for a line of boats plying between Chicago and St. Louis. In 1866 he joined the police force, and traveled first from the old Market street station, where he soon rose to the posi- tion of Station-Keeper. Ho was Bailiff at the County jail for a time, but was shortly assigned to the Armory. When Mayor Harrison was elected he assumed his present position. 214 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. MICHAEL BRENNAN. The indefatigable clerk in the office of the Chief of Police was born Aug. 18, 1842, in Mayo, Ireland, and came to this country about eighteen years later. He went upon the force Dec. 15, 1870, as patrolman. He soon rose to the position of Desk- Sergeant at the old Dearborn street station, and served but a short time when he was appointed to his present position by Elmer Washburne in 1873. His onerous duties have always been performed with religious precision and uncomplainingly. JOSEPH B. SHEPARD. Joseph B. Shepard who for eleven years has done such valuable service in the clerical department of the office of the Chief of Police, was born Dec. 28, 1825, in Onondaga, N. Y. He came west in 1849, and was connected for years with railroad and mercantile enterprises. R. H. FIGG. Police Officer Figg, in charge of the Central station at night, was born in 1840, and while being connected with the department for a comparatively brief time has proven himself invaluable in the service. Bob is an old-time printer, and those who know him best allow that it was a cold day when the nimble compositor did not succeed in making a favorable impression. He is also a story-teller and beguiles many an hour for the boys on night duty He is very popular among the firemen and ran very often to fires in his early days, acting as captain at one time of Company 4, of the National Fire Department. He is credited with originating the order of Forresters in this section. JAMES WILEY. One of the most valuable detectives connected with the Central station, and one of the most respected men on the THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 215 force, is James Wiley. He is about thirty-eight years of age, is of Irish extraction, and of a very modest de- meanor. He was born in Syracuse, N. Y., in February, 1845. He has worked some of the hardest cases, and in doing so it is only fair to state that he has incurred very few enmities. He is the owner of very valuable farming land in Portage, Wis., and if he settles down he will probably locate in that section. SAMUEL A. ELLIS. Detective Ellis was born in London in 1834. The family coming to Chicago, Sam went to the Wilder school at the age of five. At fourteen he commenced sail- ing on the lakes, and at the age of eighteen was Captain of the schooner, Mary Margaret. In 1856 he joined the police force at North Market station. In 1860 he was de- tailed at the Chicago and Milwaukee depot, and in 1863 he became First Lieutenant of company C, Eighty-ninth Illinois, and was wounded at the Battle of Stone Eiver. Keturning to Chicago, he joined the detective force, and in 1873 Elmer Washburne made him chief of the staff. In 1874 he was promoted to a captaincy in the West Division. In 1877, resigning, he was appointed Deputy Sheriff under John Hoffman. In 1881 he was again placed on the detective force, but was soon transferred to the West Madison street station as a Desk-Sergeant. On May 12, 1884, he was brought back to the Central station. MICHAEL J. GRANGEB. Detective Granger was born in Chicago in 1852, and commenced life as a messenger boy for the Chicago & Alton Railroad. From this time up to his appointment on the police force in 1881. He followed various occupa- tions. He first was a patrolman at Harrison street station, and in June, 1883, was appointed detective. 216 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. JOHN EGAN. Detective Egan was born in Brachnaight, Roscommon, Ireland, in 1850, and came to New York in 1862. At the age of fourteen he joined the Third Virginia Cavalry and served with it until the close of the war. He was wounded three times and rose to Captain, and only three of his com- rades in his company are alive today. In 1877 he was appointed inspector by the city which was the only public position he held up to 1883, when he was appointed de- tective. Mr. Egan has been interested in pork packing for several years. JOHN REED. Detective John Reed, the intrepid captor of the Italian Peri who stabbed to their death two citizens named Ready and O'Brien at the time of the great fire at the corner of Halsted and VanBuren streets, and Avho killed the notori- ous Bill Allen who made it so hot for the whole police force for so long, was born in the county of Meath, Ire- land within four miles of Drogheda in 1839. When he was ten years of age his family went to Dublin, and John drove a livery wagon as soon as he was able. He was a member of the Metropolitan Police in 1860, when with other Irish Catholics he went to the rescue of the Holy See in its dilemma. He fought at Spoletto, and was taken prisoner at Ancona. Returning to Dublin he worked as a railroad porter. In 1862 he came to Chicago, and after farming for three months was appointed a guardsman at Joliet. He subsequently enlisted in the Eleventh Illinois, and served to the close of the war, fighting at the Wilder- ness, Jackson, Mobile and elsewhere. Again he went to Dublin to figure this time as a rollicking driver of a fes- tive jaunting car for seven months and the number of his hackney-car was 812. Coming back to Chicago he went THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 217 upon the police force, and from that day to this his record has been that of not only a conscientious officer but of a humane citizen. He was wounded at the Haymarket. EDWARD COSGBOVE. Edward Cosgrove, the "silver-haired detective, " was born in Clonegal, County Carlow, Ireland, August, 1847. He attended the Parish School and subsequently the Tul- low Monastery. At the age of 16 he left school and at the age of 19 he came to Chicago. He first was employed in the grocery trade. For eight years he worked as an Assistant Inspector for the House of Correction, where he distinguished himself for his humanity in the treatment of the unfortunate inmates. He was on duty at the time, in 1879, when fifteen prisoners made a most desperate but unsuccessful attempt to escape. He then went to the Grand Pacific Hotel, where he served for six months as a private detective. On Feb. 1, 1883, he joined the Chicago detective force. JOHN STIFT. John Stift was born Sept. 5, 1847, in the city of Ha- vre, in France, but is of German extraction. He is one of sixteen children, twelve of whom yet live, and he is the oldest of the tribe. In 1848 the family came to the city of New York. In 1850 they removed to Chicago and have lived here since. John attended St. Michael's school, cor- ner of North ave. and Church street, in the North Division, four years. From 1863 until 1872, when he joined the police force, he was employed as a teamster for his father. His first police experience was at the East Chicago avenue police station, under Capt. Gund. While serving under Capt. Hathaway he was promoted to the rank of detective and transferred to the Central police station, where he now is. Mr. Stift is recognized in the department as a very effi- cient officer, and commands the respect of his superiors. 218 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. MICHAEL GALLAGHER. Detective Gallagher was born in 1832, in the County Fermanaugh, Ireland, and at the age of 11 came to Phil- adelphia. In January 6, 1846, he went on board the ship Tuscarora, and encountered for many years thereafter per- ils of the sea. His recollections of those days are very in- teresting when told by himself, as Gallagher is a capital story-teller. He went on the police force in 1866. WILLIAM H. CARMAN. The associate of Mr. Shepard, William H. Carman, was born December 9, 1838, in New Brunswick, N. J., has been connected with the Chicago Police Department since 1860, and has served under every Superintendent since the days of C. P. Bradley. He was patrolman, Sta- tion-Keeper, Clerk, and Custodian successively, and was the first treasurer of the Police Association organized in Jan- uary, 1868. DENNIS SIMMONS. Dennis Simmons is one of the oldest and shrewdest de- tectives on the Chicago police force. He has been con- nected with the Police Department for nearly twenty-five years, during which time he has served eighteen years on the detective department. He lias had many hair-breadth escapes, and numerous encounters with desperate criminals, but fortune has favored him, not having received a scratch, although many a bullet has passed his way. Mr. Simmons was born in Queens county, Ireland, Au- gust 27, 1833. His parents emigrated to this country when he was quite young, and located in New London, Connecticut. When eleven years of age he went on board of a whale ship, and was constantly on the water for nine- teen months. In 1844 his parents came to Chicago, but our subject soon again resumed a sailor's life, sailing both THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 219 on the lakes and on the salt water. At the age of twenty- one he went into a ship yard. Subsequently he entered the Sheriff's office, under Wilson, and remained in the em- ploy of the county under Grey and Hesing. March 7, 1861, he joined the police force, and since that time his career has been an eventful one. W. S. HALLORAN. William S. Halloran was born in New Haven, Conn., in 1851. In 1866 the family removed to Chicago. In 1871 Mr. Halloran, impelled by a spirit of adventure, went to Kansas, where he transacted a most flourishing cattle trade. In his leisure hours he recounts many amusing incidents in his experience as a drover. Returning from the West in 1877, he engaged in the wine and liquor traf- fic, and in 1882 joined the police force. Since joining the department he has done some very good work, gaining for himself the reputation of being a good officer. DENNIS KAY. Dennis Kay was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1854. In 1855 the family removed to Chicago, and in St. John's school in this city Mr. Kay obtained his education. Shortly after leaving school, he learned the business of carpentry; but tiring of this, he entered the hardware establishment of R. R. Day. In 1879 he joined the police force. His experience on patrol duty soon qualified him for advancement to the detective department in 1882, and in this capacity he now serves. REINHOLD MEYER. Mr. Meyers was born in Chicago in 1858, and was first employed in the printing business, conducted by Mr. Rohr in Lind's block. He went upon the police force in 1882, and has been serving on the detective force for about a year. 220 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. JOHN O'DONNELL. The custodian of stolen property was born in Peter- borough, Canada, in 1848, and belongs to a family of un- usual vitality as well as fertility. His aged father, an old and much respected resident of the west division has ten children left, after burying two, and would not be a bit thankful to anybody to-day who would intimate that he had seen his best days. The family removed to Rochester, N. Y., when John was but an infant, but soon returned to Peterborough, where the old gentleman became a purchas- ing agent for all sorts of commodities. At the age of sev- enteen our subject accompanied a gentleman to the vicin- ity of Rochester with a view to learning carriage black- smithing, but soon decided to try his luck in Chicago where his family had settled already. After some experi- ence in the grocery business he concluded to become a molder, when he entered the service of Collins & Burgie. He was working for this firm when upon Mayor Harrison's first election he was appointed to his present position. John, who always took a deep interest in politics, first nominated W. C. Seipp for County Treasurer, by the way and is one of the cleverest fellows in Chicago or anywhere else. His brothers, Michael, Edward and William, are well-known and respected citizens. FRANCIS O'NEILL. At the Central station one of the most valuable of the staff of the Police Superintendent is Frank O'Neill, who was born Aug. 25, 1848, on a farm within three miles of Bantry Bay, Cork, Ireland. Leaving the National School, where he made rapid progress, he sailed with Captain Wat- kins on the Black sea, the Mediterranean, the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, and visited many places. In 1865 he came to America. The sea had irrestible charms for him. His first trip was to the West Indies. When eighteen, he THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 221 sailed on the Minnehaha for Yokohama, Japan, via the Cape of Good Hope, and, after seven continuous months on sea, set sail for the Sandwich Islands, and when nearing Baker's Island in the mid Pacific was wrecked. The brig Zoe occupied thirty-four days bringing the crew to Honolulu, whence our subject was sent to San Francisco. He was next found tending a flock of 2,700 sheep in Stan- islaus. Having rounded Cape Horn he arrived in New York, after a circumnavigation of the globe before he was twenty. In Chicago he first worked in the Chicago, Al- ton and St. Louis freight house. In 1873 he went upon the police force and was shot in the left shoulder by a burglar. In 1878 he was made a Desk-Sergeant at Deering street station, and in 1884 he was made Clerk of Records at police headquarters. He is a magnificent penman. JOHN J. KELLY. The subject of this sketch was born in New Orleans, May 10, 1844, and was first employed at cotton-sampling. With Engineer Edwards he organized a company of 3,500 men for the Matanzas Railway, and was in Cuba in 1868, where the plague so decimated the force that only three survivors returned to Chicago. In this city he at once became prominent as a contractor ; cooperating with such men as John Duffey and David Hallinan. He was the first President of the Sarsfield circle during the Fenian agitation, and is otherwise prominent in Irish matters. He is bailiff of the police court on Desplaines street. TIERNEY AND THORPE. Detectives Patrick B. Tierney and William B. Thorpe in their special line constituted one of the most successful teams in the country. Naturally quiet and unobtrusive, except when absolutely necessary, they were necessarily very popular officers. Mr. Tierney was born in Tipperary, Ireland, in 1853, 222 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. and came to America when sixteen years old, and became a carpenter. In June, 1875, he went on the police force, and was assigned to duty at West Madison street station. He traveled beat for four years and was then detailed on special duty in citizens clothes. He and Sergeant Nick Shannon, a most worthy officer, made the first police telephone box, which was located at the corner of Twelfth and Halstead streets. Mr. Thorpe was born in Canada, and is thirty-nine years old. He has been twelve years on the police force. A long list of splendid arrests is found to their credit at police headquarters. They traveled from the Central station. Mr. Thorpe is yet on the force. Mr. Tierney keeps a sample room near City Hall. ROSTER OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. The following is the roster of the Police Department : Chief, Frederick Ebersold; Inspector and Secretary, John Bonfield; Lieutenants, Joseph Kipley and John D. Shea; Custodian, John O'Donnell; Clerks, Joseph B. Shep- ard, Michael Brennan and Wm. E. Turner; Desk Ser- geants, John E. Mahoney, Charles M. Day, Michael Lan- Photographer, Michael P. Evans. Patrolmen, Dennis Simmons, Horace M. Elliott, James Morgan, Samuel A. Ellis, Daniel Kelly, Charles Rehm, John Stift, James Wiley, William H. Jones, Michael Crowe, James Murnane, Thomas Dooley, Charles Amstein, Wm. B. Thorpe, Patrick Costello, Andrew Rohan, William Boyd, John. O'Connor, John A. McDonald, Louis Haas, Bernard P. Baer, James H. Bonfield, M. J. Granger, John Hanley, Henry Palmer, William S. Halloran, Edward Cos- grove, Reinhold Meyer, Michael Whalen, Bartholomew Flynn, Nicholas Shannon (Police Sergeant), William H. Carman, Frank O'Neill, Robert M. Figg, John Richard- son, Martin Rintz, Patrick McGovern, William Steurnayle, THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 223 George TV. Hunt, Henry Cox, James W. Duffy, Edward Flarrity, Adam Miller, Henry Neuman. Central Detail. Lieutenant, George W. Hubbard ; Ser- geants, Wheeler Bartram, John E. Fitzpatrick ; Desk Sergeant, Dexter Cod man ; Roundsman, A. S. Eoss ; Patrolmen, John Dufficy, James Bell, William Lyonnais, James 0. D. Storen, James Lennon, Peter Ebersold, Patrick Hickey, William S. Johnson, Patrick Doherty, Marceli Schoenfeldt, Peter Trenlich, Dennis J. Foley, Henry Walper, Jacob Ebinger, Morris Louis, Sol. C. Steele, John P. Nelson, John Reardon. Mathew H. Mc- Guirk, Thomas Murphy, Martin Coleman, Gerald Stark, John Gallagher, Daniel Hogan, Thomas D. Beck, George J. Dewey, Patrick Gavin, George Dettinger, Dennis H. Harrington, Daniel Burns, John Cramer, Henry 1ST. Fech- ter, Chris. Seibert, Frank Dolan, Thomas M. Curten, Daniel Considine, George Demar, James Short, Nicholas Jacks, Michael Murphy, Dennis O'Brien, John C. Morris, Marshall N. Walton, William Dollard, Frederick Sommer, Joseph S. Barber, Fitch A. Taylor, Oliver Peterson, Ste- phen Fitzgerald, Thomas Noonan, John Hooley, W. H. Darrow, John J. Kelly, Paul Kallock, Con. E. Murphy, Michael Shanley, Eward J. Ryan, Henry Juenger, George McHugh, John Mangold, Florence Donohue, James Bren- nan, George Kinyon, Walter Sargent, Peter McHugh, John Morweiser, James Denny, William J. Deeley, James Ker- win, Bryan J. Pierce, Louis Golden, Andrew Casey, John Cregan, Michael O'Halloran, Maurice Bowler, Michael Gubbins, Joseph T. Harnois, John T. Gibbons, Stephen W. Fay, Charles W. Wasmimd, Michael J. Costello, Patrick Lavin, James H. Wilson, Jacob Gross, Joseph Paffenholz, Edward Rohr, John M. Collins, William Butcher, Joseph A. Hillier, Patrick J. Ward, Thomas Hayes, Con. W. Crowley, John C. Keenan, Thomas Birmingham, Peter Murphy, Hiram A. Earl, Peter McCormick, Patrick Ken- 224: THE POLITICAL, HISTORY OF CHICAGO. nefick, Peter J. Joyce, John Mclnerney ; Operators, "Will- iam Hagag, Joseph P. Rock, Martin McQuaid, Frank Rosa, Hiram Hillman, Huberd B. Schneider, Eugene J. Fitzpatrick, James P Crowley, William Murph\ r , William Sheridan, Phelim J. Devitt, Thorns Joyce, John J. Donohue, Frank O'Byrne, Alexander B. Cam- eron, Edward Gleason, Thomas Connors, Michael K. Mahoney, Michael Lawler, Charles Cullen, Martin Hogan, Henry G. Kleinhaus, Michael McNulty, Will- iam A. Clare, Frank J. Lewis, Terrence McCabe, Daniel Coffey,Edward Kelly, James Sweeney, Edmond Hart- well, John Amstein, Michael Callaghan ; Painter, Michael Bauer; Plumber, Thomas J. Howard ; Carpenter, William B. Lynch; Driver, John T. Heinan; Laborers, John Reardon, Thomas. Considine, William Croak, Moses H. Debeaubien, Henry J. Reitzmann; Blacksmith, James Morrison; Helper, Michael Holtz ; Driver, Edward Boyd ; Repairers, Burton D. Thompson, William E. Foltz, Charles Shafer, William J. Cronan ; Batteryman, Edward J. Barrett. FIRST PRECINCT. Harrison Street Station . Captain, William Buckley ; Lieutenants, Edward Laughlin, August C. Arch ; Patrol Sergeant, Max Kipley; Desk Sergeants, P. D. O'Brien, Daniel Hogan, Thomas Barrett ; Solomon Maloney, Timo- thy Madigan, William Gillard, William J. Goggin, Thomas Powers, David Barry ; Bailiff, G . B . Nikodem ; Pound- keepers, John A. McCarthy, William F. Smith, and Daniel O'Donovan ; Patrolmen, W. Bohan, James Shanley, Martin V. French, Augustus Swanson, Mi- chael Curtin, Daniel Dohney, Patrick Walsh, Wil- liam C. Smith, Edward J. Talbott, Michael Manning, Stephen Rowan, Denis Coughlin, John Meehan, James Madden, Charles A. Palmer, Timothy Ryan, Joseph H. Shi-eve, Michael Corcoran, Peter Sorgel, John F. O'Brien, THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 225 John J. Duffey, Michael Marks, Patrick Ward, Daniel Kinnane, John Cox, Benjamin Reed, Henry C. Thomas, Charles A. Judson, John Coleman, Charles P. Arado, John E. Culahane, Charles P. Revere, Thomas Duffey, Michael J. Murtha, Timothy Murphy, Charles Strening, John Healy, Peter W. Rooney, Patrick C. O'Brien, Michael Fitzgerald, John P. Schumacher, Thomas Mulcahy, Alfred B. Smith, Patrick McQuaid, Frank S. Terry, John Coakley, John F. Moore, R. Jones, M. White, William Carroll, James R. Lovett, John W. Consi- dine, John J. O'Farrell, John Monaghan, Daniel Kilroy, William J. Stewart ; Engineer, Michael Murphy ; Assist- ant, William Murphy ; Janitors, John Tynan, Daniel D. Colnon ; Hostlers, John W. Brennan, P . O'Brien ; Mat- rons, Sarah J. Littelle, Elizabeth A. Coventry. Twenty-second Street Station. Lieutenant, Daniel Duffy; Sergeant, Lyman Lewis; Desk Sergeants, Joseph W. Gary, James T. Murphy; Patrolmen, Andrew Barrett, John Dunne, Thomas Cullen, Thomas Maher, William Flynn, Joseph Leonard, Michael C. Ryan, John Fitz- patrick, Christopher J. O'Shea, Patrick Shaunessy, Wil- liam Carberry, James Hayes, Timothy Barrett, Timothy McKeough, Robert Mack, Charles H. Meyers, John Mc- Inerny, John Heneberry, William Sherrett, Dennis Ma- honey, Timothy J. Foley, John McTigue, William Styx, Michael S. Finnegan, Stephen Kelly, John Savage, James C. McNamara, David Sullivan, Augustus Webber, Martin Nolan, John O'Brien, John E. Patecek, James Reidy, Thomas Kershaw, Charles Risenwebber, Patrick J. French, Rodger Mulcahey, William P. Plunkett, Michael O'Brien, Martin E. Padden, John Mahony, Henry Gorman, Nicholas Martin, John W. Lawler, William Corcoran. Cottage Grove Avenue Station. Lieutenant, Madison Beadell ; Sergeant, George W. Sanford ; Desk Ser- geants, John L. Mahoney, Alexis C. Burdick ; 15 226 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Patrolmen, Patrick Mahoney, Thomas Crowe, Owen Bowen, James E. Farrell, Jerry F. Sullivan, Thomas L. Trehorn, Herman Ebinger, Marshall B. Steve, William Brennan, Thomas Downes, Patrick J. Gleason, Alexander Goodbrand, John A. Toomey, Christian Hearth, James King, Wallace M. Day, Martin C. Leyden, Eugene Valle, Dominick Feeney, Patrick O'Brien, Michael Otto, Thomas S. Brady, Timothy Ryan, Michael O'Brien, Charles A. Wilks, Phillip Miller, William A. Hartman, W 7 illiam M. Lockwood, Frank E. Raymond, Henry C. Bluhm, John E. Keefe, David McCarthy, John J. Dunne, John Bon- gerz, David Hanrahan, John Ahern, Henry Rottgen, Patrick Harkins, John J. Flannagan, Henry Roach, Morris Wheeler, Thomas Moran. Thirty-fifth Street Station. Lieutenant Anson Backus; Sergeant Francis Campbell; Desk Sergeants, William J. Mooney, Peter J. Byrne; Patrolmen, Ferdinand F. H. Kurtli, William Bowe, George D. Meade, James McNeill, Peter Bonnon, Patrick Cleary, Patrick O'Brien, Patrick Maloney, Dennis Quinlan, James Black, James Donlin, John J. Leonard, Richard T. Cronin, Michael O'Toole, Patrick J. O'Connor, James Evans, William O'Mara, Daniel L. McCarthy, John A. Bonfield, John Costello, John J. Flannigan, John Moriarty, Arthur Dillon, Michael J. Rodney, Michael Gaynor, William O'Donnell, James McMahon, John Ryan, Michael McGrath, William Taylor. SECOND PRECINCT. Twelfth Street Station. Captain, Simon O'Donnell; Lieutenants, August Blettner, F. P. Barcal; Sergeant, Syl- vester Kennedy; Desk-Sergeants, Ingomar V. Brietzke, James McAvoy; Bailiff, Chas. P. Hefter; Pound- keeper, John Hartnett; Matrons, Mary Ann Murphy, Mary Heelan; Patrolmen, Thomas Shanley, Michael McGarry, Patrick Sullivan, John Gara, James Fox, THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 227 Michael Kenney, Jeremiah Houlihan, John O'Malley, William King, Hugh Burns, James McShane, John Malone, Thomas F. Roach, James J. Adamson, John Moore, Patrick Cummings, Andrew J. Pennell, August Hum- brock, Philip J. Millik, Joseph Z. LaPlant, Thom- as Curtis, George M. Henderson, Edward Halle, John H. Dunne, Daniel Riordan, Thomas J. Fitzgerald, William Casey, John McDermott, James A. Martin, Samuel M. Jewett, Patrick Meade, Malachy Fallen, John McDermott, Peter Vinlove, James Bulmon, James Brady, James Madden, Michael Connery, Henry Carragher, Jacob A. Swikard, Patrick F. Doyle, John J. Carey, Michael P. Quigley, Frank Golden, Charles F. Kayser, Michael Holly, James Hogan, James P. Hanley, Dennis Shea, Charles F. Eisele, John J. O'Donnell, Edward Berth, Michael Mc- Mahon, Thomas Donahue, James Corick, Martin Dona- hue, Thomas Sullivan, Patrick Conway, James Kane, Charles S. Toolan, James Hartigan, Ferdinand Shainer, Patrick Ryan, Patrick O'Connor, Charles O'Connell, Thomas F. Condon, Michael J. Shay, Frank E. Sullivan, Dennis McCarthy, Thomas F. Shanley, Thomas A. Mc- Guire, Jacob A. West. Hinman Street Station. Lieutenant, Richard A. Shep- pard ; Sergeant, John Enright ; Desk Sergeants, Edward Barth, William S. McGuire ; Patrolmen, Charles R. Fugate, Daniel G. Riodan, James Warner, Patrick Far- ley, Lawrence Birmingham, John J. Egan, James H. Rosecranz, Michael W. Quinlan, John M. Haines, Patrick McCarthy, James W. Knowles, Michael O'Rielly, Miles Dolan, William Mayworm, William Coleman, Thomas R. \Valsh, Thomas F. Cullerton, Frank Rehm, William Dil- lon, Patrick Conroy, Jesse Fairchild, Thomas J. Cannon, John F. Rafferty, Thomas F. Farrell, James E. Culliton, Patrick Maguire, Owen Doherty, Mathew Zemich, James Peceny, James Mansfield, Mathew Kakuska, Thomas F. 228 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Meagher, Richard Cullen, Richard Hughes, Patrick Mc- Grath, Loring J. Van Pelt, Louis F. Shane, John Yore, John Small, John Petropski, Benjamin Burns, James Fitzgerald. Deering Street Station. Lieutenant, John Byrne ; Sergeant, Michael L. Miller ; Desk Sergeants, Patrick Mahoney, James Lawlor ; Patrolmen, James "W. McKenna, James J. Fitzgerald, John J. Meany, John P. Nolan, James D. Fitzmaurice, James Bergen, Eli S. Cremieux, Michael O'Brien, Patrick Keating, John Houlihan, William Rooney, James Healy, Michael E. Keating, Michael Nagle, John O'Donnell, John McCarthy, Michael Conroy, Martin Ward, John O'Hara, Thomas J. Sloyer, Patrick O'Day, Stephen Muchosky, John White, Maurice Grotty, John J. McCallon, William McShea, John J. Jones, William Dillon, Joseph L. Rivers, Michael Hickey, Charles McGovern. New districts at Canalport avenue and West Thirteenth street, under Rehm and Croak, have selected men here and there. THIRD PRECINCT. Desplaines Street Station. Captain, William Ward ; Lieu- tenants, Francis Penzen, James Bowler; Sergeant, Richard J. Moore; Desk Sergeant, Albert G. Dutton; Patrolmen, John A. Patterson; James S. Libby, John Wheeler, John Hickey, Michael Hennessy, James Byrnes, Doctor F. Saylor, John Reid, James Early, John C. Dammonn, James Ray, John J. Kelly, Charles H. Goodman, Andrew O'Day, Patrick H. Keefe, August C. Keller, Arthur Connolly, Cornelius O'Shea, Michael O'Donnel, William Bohan, Thomas Mur- phy, Louis Johnson, Michael M. Condon, Thomas Lee, John D. Hartford, George L. Kaiser, Peter Foley, John Wessler, James Mitchell, Augustus G. Delometer, Patrick Wiley, Jerre Grogan, Paul Kopyto, Timothy J. Stanton, Thomas McEnery, Lawrence J. Murphy, John J. Keefe, THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 229 Michael Madden, John E. Doyle, Martin Cullen, Jacob Hilbert, Nicholas J. Shannon, Kobert J. Walsh, Michael W. O'Brien (killed on duty, Nov. 11, 1885), John Magis, Patrick Connors, Michael Sheehan, John Plunkett, Hugo Asping, John J. Daley, Thomas Kindlion, John H. King, Martin Flynn, Mathew Wilson, Patrick Nash, James Con- way, Patrick Hartford, Thomas Meaney, John J. Barrett, James E. Hormon, Daniel J. Daley, Patrick C. McLaugh- lin, Mathew T. Connoly, Charles W. Whitney, John S. Kelly, Michael Dillon, James H. Tracy, Peter J. Burns, Joseph M. Cole, James P. Plunkett, Daniel Pembroke, John M. Weeney; Engineer, Joseph A. Turner; Assistant- Engineer, Charles Kobesky; Janitors, Charles S. Perry, Patrick Coy; Hostlers, John Gleason, Patrick Lorney; Matrons, Catherine S. Dodge, Mary Stewart. West Madison Street Station. Lieutenant John P. Beard ; Sergeant, John Post ; Desk Sergeants, William W. Cluett, Michael C. Callaghan ; Patrolmen, Lyman Barkley, Nathan A. Brisco, Huron C. Scott, Martin Carl- son, Patrick McMahon, Michael Keeley, George Kernan, John K. Fitzgerald, Orville Z. Barber, Jacob J. Barcal, Alexander Beaubien, James Brutose, Joseph Fallon, Daniel Cramer, Gustav A . Walter, Dennis Dunne, Patrick Davoren, John B. Millure, Michael M. Horan, Frank Murphy, Michael Connolly, John Brown, Richard Ells- worth, Hugh McNeil, Timothy Daley, George Miller, William I. Neff, Nicholas H. Stahl. West Lake Street Station. Lieutenant, James P. Stan- ton ; Sergeant, Edmund Roche ; Desk Sergeants, Michael S. Hyland, Edwin P. Mann ; Patrolmen, Michael Galla- gher, Benjamin Williams, Michael C. Slavin, John T. O'Hara, James E. English, Ancel D. Norcross, Thomas Grady, Timothy M. Dillon, William L. Sanderson, Will- iam F. Jickling, Charles H. Gersch, Adam W. Cook, Henry IT. Cluett, Dennis F. Tierney, Alex. Jameson, 230 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Millard Ensworth, John H. Kenny, Jacob Hanson, Timo- thy O'Sullivan, John O'Dowd, Charles H. Coffey, Thomas Halley, George Lynch, Peter Butterly, Patrick Prior, William Kelly, Patrick Cunningham, Charles E. Allen, Joseph Norman, Michael Horan, James B . Short, Thomas Hennessey, Michael Moran, William Burns, Charles H. Fink, Thomas Brophy, John Hartnett, Jr., Bernard J. Murphy. FOURTH PRECINCT. West Chicago Station. Captain, Amos W. Hathaway; Lieutenants, Edward J. Steele, Martin Quinn ; Sergeant, Frank G. Beaubien ; Desk Sergeants, Rudolph Sanders, Louis Kaiser, Patrolmen, John Ryan, Patrick F. Loftus, Michael Connelly, John C. Gunderson, Charles H. Roach, William Dewald, Roald Lund, John M. Sick, Nicholas Crosby, Patrick D. Owens, Edward Barrett, John Miller, Robert Cline, John Hanrahan, Frank Eastman, James Cook, Charles Jeush, Frank G . Letis, Chauncey W. Bart- lett, Cyril R. French, Edward J. Hanley, Christian Blix- selt, Herman Kruger, William Lave, Charles Spierling, William Halpin, Samuel Helgo, Frank W^esolek, James Bolger, John O'Connell, Louis A. Scherer, Chris. W. Gai- nor, John Sullivan, John K. McMahon, Carl E. Johnson, Edward W. Ruel, John B. Tobin, Nels 0. Sloier, William J. Deterling, Benjamin F. Schnell, Peter McCormick, John J. McNulty, Patrick Walsh, Michael Kissane, George P. Ring, Frederick Wellman, Martin Bock, Joseph A. Gilso, Julius L. Simonson, John Jurs, Jerre Kennedy, Patrick Tully, Simon Kledzia, John Kinsella, James Mackay, James E. Tyanan, William H. Onthank, Joseph Polo- zynski, Cornelius Fitzgerald, Freeman J. Steele, James Glynn ; Matrons, Mary Ann Meyer, Annie Dwyer. West North Avenue Station. Lieutenant, Michael Bischoff; Sergeant, Anton Oyen; Desk-Sergeants, George A. Bender ; Patrolmen, Jerry O'Donnohue, George W. THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 231 Raycraft, Michael Burns, John R. Looby, James Kearns, Joseph Kendzia, Elef Danielsen, Patrick H . Owens, James W. Kerr, William C. Morris, John Lindstrom, Nils Hansen, Thomas McNamara, Charles Schoen, Samuel Collins, Alexander Halverson, Frank W. Nohren, Simon Mc- Mahon, James B. Kelly, Charles L. Moore, James B. Maloy, Michael McMahon, Daniel P. McCarthy, Charles Johnson. Rawson Street Station. Lieutenant, Charles J. John- son; Sergeant, Charles O'Connor; Desk-Sergeants, Wil- liam Patton, Milo M. Wheadon; Patrolmen, Mathew Foley, Max Heidelmeyer, Wilhelm Lohmeyer, John Boyd, Thomas D. Fox, Patrick J. Murphy, Thomas J. Griffin, Patrick E. McNulty, William Demar, Jacob Tamillo, James Gleason, Edmund Burke, Charles F. Onlhank, John B. Wathier, John H. Monihan, Michael Korzemewski, Charles F. Wendt, William M. Marsh, Alexander Mc- Donald, James T. Johnson, Mathew Reagan, Kazpar Wiczoreck, Patrick Flannigan . FIFTH PRECINCT. East Chicago Avenue Station. Captain, Michael Schaack; Lieutenants, C. C. Larsen, Victor Schumacher; Sergeant, P. J. Gibbons; Desk-Sergeants, Robert C. Mont- gomery, Charles G. Koch ; Patrolmen, John Mullin, James D. Cook, Edward F. Koeller, David E. Little, Charles A. Strail, William Griffin, Richard Bartlett, Jacob Loewenstein, Bernt Meyer, Patrick O'Regan, Charles A. Spencer, Thomas McMahon, Edward Mc- Grath, Henry W. Post, William Kearney, John P. Berwick, Anton Klinger, John Stiffes, Charles Maleska, James R. Prendergast, Thomas J. Ryan, James Moore, Paul Hoefig, Thomas B. Boynes, Walter O'Donnell, Joseph Mercier, George W. Miller, Garrett H. Doyle, Owen P. Roach ; Pound-Keeper, William Kaecke ; 232 THE POLITICAL, HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Bailiff, Peter M. Hansborough. died Nov. 4, 1885; Patrolmen, James McGinnis, George Perry, Peter M. Kelly, Harvey Hughes, William Sleeth, Robert J. Schlan, Anthony Kelly, Peter Schaus, George Hutchinson, Daniel Coughlin, William Cndmore, Hugo R. Malinowski, James Beggan, Herman G. Nehls, James O'Toote, William Murphy, John Welsh, John T. Finn, Peter Adams, Gus- tav Williams, John Fleming, William Spain, John 0. Nordstrain, William H. Calkins, John Gallagher, John Noonan, Patrick Scott, August H . Mueller, John J. Shea, Herman B. Croon, William Lauer, Patrick M. Murphy, Julius Haerle, Peter Welter, Louis C. Baumann, Patrick M. Casey, James J. Crowley, Gustav Franenknecht ; Matrons, Mary Eager, Annie Mohoman; Janitors, Peter Kuhr, Henry Christianson; Hostler, John Heenan. Larrabee Street Station. Lieutenant, John Baus; Ser- geant, John D. Bodmer; Desk Sergeants, Francis Smith and Edward F. Hedrich; Patrolmen, Nathan J. Young, John K. Seller, Bernhard Demaling, Otto Schifter, Ed- ward Duddless, Dennis Hoges, Michael Hoffman, John Eizinger, Richard Bald, Mathias Johnson, John Kaiser, John Hartman, John Garity, John G. Lorch, John Kee- gan, Edward Langen, Patrick Casey, James O'Donnell, Henry Degan, John Connor, Hugh Harrity, Frank Stoffel, Bernard Boesen, Patrick McMahon, Thomas H. Moran, Mathias J. Franzen, Martin Huels, Charles E. Johnson, Dennis O'Connor, Thomas H. Seery, Levi AVood, Otto Hairle, John V. Ryan, Julius Roach, Peter Kelly, William H. Parker, Anthony Paton, Luke Colleran, Henry Fitz- gerald, Michael Nash, John Delaney, Thomas O'Shea, George W. Gowan, and Frank Elwood. Webster Avenue Station. Lieutenant, ElishaE. Lloyd; Sergeant, William Hogan ; Desk Segeants, John Nye and John Quirk; Patrolmen, Herman Schuettler, William Cushman, Michael J. Shute, John Barry, John G. Koch, THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 233 John Patterson, William B. Macauley, John Scanlon, Nicholas Krass, William Haerle, Martin Hoffman, Lauritz Lauritzen, AVilliam J. Jackson, Patrick Kiley, Kobert L. Monahan, Edward Lee, Henry Donahue, Thomas Jordan, Frederick Anderson, Stephen Tarnawski, Edward J. Gard- ner, August L. Zimmerman, Michael McGraw, Patrick A. Gorrity, Duncan McCloud, Timothy Mahoney, John Mc- Auley, Thomas O'Donovan, John D. McMahon, Andrew Nesser, Thomas Glavin, Henry Prendergast, John A. El- liott, Peter Gibbons, Frank J. Thalstrom, Jacob Marugg, Frank C. Eyan, and Frederick Luettich. THE POLICE TELEPHONE, AXD SIGNAL SYSTEM. This is one of the greatest institutions in the police service of the world. It came into use when William J. McGarigle, now Warden of the Cook County Hospital, was General Superintendent of the police of the city of Chicago. This was in 1880. Prof. John P. Barrett, the distinguished electrician and Superintendent of the Fire Alarm Telegraph, worked hard to make it a success, as also did Austin J . Doyle, Fire Marshal Swenie, Inspector Bonfield, and Captain O'Donnell . The instruments and batteries for receiving and record- ing telegraphic signals are placed in each police station. The apparatus is automatic, and requires no great skill to handle. Whenever a signal is sent from the street-station the record is registered of itself. The gravity batteries are reliable and constant. When the arbitrary signals of the telegraph are insufficient resort is had to the telephones and transmitters. From each police station radiate telegraph lines, con- necting at desired localities with a structure on the street resembling a sentry-box, octagonal in form, about two feet eight inches in diameter and eight feet in height. A lamp placed upon the top lights the interior of the box and illu- minates the street. The street-station, complete, with door open, showing alarm-box, with telephone, etc., and with lamp on top, thus taking the place of iron lamp- post. 234 THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 235 The doors of the boxes have a patent trap-lock, so that a key cannot be withdrawn until released by a master key. Each key is numbered, and the name of the holder kept on record. This is to insure honesty in turning in an alarm. When a key has been used the proper officer can only return it who holds the master or release key. A key to the street station may be* given to a responsible citizen, and each patrolman carries one . The locks are uniform, and one key will open any street-station. Inside of each station is a small iron case, with a door and lock, contain- ing an automatic signal instrument, whereby a key-holder by pulling a hook can call for assistance . Only officers have keys to the inside boxes, which contain, besides the signal apparatus, a telephone and transmitter. Alarm Box, with door open, showing the Signal box, with dial for differ- ent calls, and Telephone for use of Patrolmen in communicating with Police Station. The patrol-wagon is light and strong. It is furnished with an alarm-gong. On either side of the box under the seats, running lengthwise is a compartment for hand- cuffs, come-alongs, clubs, blankets, canvass stretcher, THE POLICE DEPAETMEHT. 23T ropes, etc. The stretcher, when not in use is is rolled up on the poles. When needed it is produced through a little door at the end of the wagon, and attached to the hooks on the poles. The jolting of the wagon is hardly per- ceptible . There is a ring in the floor of the wagon to hold down unmanageable prisoners. PRIVATE BOX. There is a small signal-box designed for banks, hotels, business offices or private residences. A key of the house is left at the police station under seal . By pulling the hook of the box one can send an alarm and tell what is needed by one of ten different signals. A policeman in 238 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. the station breaks the seal, takes the key from its place, steps quietly into the front door and surprises the burglars at their work . The would-be victim need not move from his bed . The police, telephone and signal telegraph outside of Chicago is now the property of the owners and constructors of the Gamewell system of fire-alarm telegraphs operating in about two hundred cities and towns. Professor E. B. Chandler, the first superintendent of the fire-alarm tele- graph in Chicago, represents the Avestern division in Chicago, with headquarters at 118 La Salle street. The principal office is No. 1| Barclay street, New York, and among others are the following agencies: William H. Mendell, Special Agent, 115 Congress street, Boston, Mass.; for New England: Edwin Rogers, 115 Congress street, Boston, Mass. ; for New York State: the Utica Fire Alarm Telegraph Company, Utica, N. Y.; for Maryland: J. F. Morrison, 7 South street, Baltimore; for Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee: Post & Company, Cincinnati, 0.; for Indiana and West Virginia: Webb Chandlee. Richmond, Ind.;for Pacific Division: Califor- nia Electrical Works, George S . Ladd, President, 222 San- some street, San Francisco, Cal. THE POLICE DEPAKTMENT. 239 THE HAYMARKET HORROR. On the night of Tuesday, May 4, 1886, seven police officers were wounded to their death and many more crip- pled by the throwing of a bomb and pistol shots by anarch- ists, or reputed anarchists, near Haymarket Square. The following is a list of the killed : Mathias J. Degan, George Miller, John J. Barrett, Timothy Flavihan, Michael Sheehan, Nils Hansen, Thomas Madden. The folloAving is the official report of the police in the premises : JUNE 9, 1886. FREDK. EBERSOLD, ESQ., GEN'L SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE: Sir, On Tuesday, May 4, the attention of our de- partment was called to a circular headed " Revenge/' and also to the fact that an anarchist meeting was to be held that evening on Randolph street, near Desplaines street, on the square known in years gone by as the Haymarket, but owing to reasons known only to the prime movers of the meeting, it was changed to about 90 feet north of Randolph on Desplaines street, and near the intersection of an alley, to better serve their purposes . On the afternoon of the day above mentioned, his honor, the Mayor, ordered that the Department of Police keep watch of the meeting, and if any of the speakers should advise their hearers to acts of violence, it would be our duty, as conservators of the peace, to go to the place of meeting in sufficient force, and order them to peaceably disperse, the order to be as directed by law. (See Revised Statutes of Illinois, chapter 38, section 253 . ) To carry out the instructions of the Mayor, Captain Ward, of the third precinct, was ordered to call all his available men to Des- plaines street station. Captain Ward's command consisted of one hundred men under the command of Lieutenants 240 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Bowler, Stanton, Penzen and Beard. In addition to the above, there were present from the Central detail, twenty- six men commanded by Lieutenant G. W. Hubbard and Sergeant John E. Fitzpatrick, and fifty men from the fourth precinct, with Lieutenants Steele and Quinn. The entire force present consisting of one captain, seven lieu- tenants, and one hundred and seventy-six men. At the suggestion of the Mayor, and with your permis- sion, I went to the Desplaines street station and took com- mand of the entire force assembled at that point . By your orders detectives were sent out to mingle with the crowd, and were ordered to pay strict attention to the speakers, and if any thing of an incendiary nature was advised, the officers were to report to me at Desplaines street station. About 9 o'clock, p. m., I was informed that the meet- ing was not being held on the market place, but they had moved to a point on Desplaines street, between Randolph and Lake streets, and about 350 feet from Desplaines street station. At different times, between 8 and 9 :30 o'clock, p. m., officers in plain clothes reported the progress of the meet- ing, and stated that nothing of a very inflammatory nature was said until a man named Fielden, or Fielding, took the stand. He advised his hearers " To throttle the law," " It would be as well for them to die fighting as to starve to death." He further advised them "To exterminate the capitalists, and to do it that night . " Wanting to be clearly within the law; and wishing to leave no room for doubt as to the propriety of our actions, I did not act on the first reports, but sent the officers back to make fur- ther observations . A few minutes after 10 o'clock, p . m . , the officers returned and reported that the crowd was get- ting excited and the speaker growing more incendiary in his language . I then felt to hesitate any longer would be criminal on my part, and then gave the order to fall in, and our force formed on Waldo Place . THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 241 The companies of Lieutenants Steele and Quinn formed the first division, Lieutenant Steele on the right. The companies of Lieutenants Stanton and Bowler formed the second division, Lieutenant Bowler on the right. The third division consisted of twenty-six men from the Central detail under command of Lieutenant Hubbard and Sergeant Fitzpatrick. Two companies commanded by Lieutenants Beard and Penzen brought up the rear. Their orders were to form right and left on Randolph street and guard our rear from any attack from the Hay- market on Randolph street. In this order we marched north on Desplaines street (Captain Ward and myself in front of the first division), until within a few feet of the truck upon which the speakers were standing, and around which a large crowd had congregated. The command, halt, was given, and Captain Ward stepping forward to within about three feet of the truck, said, " I command you, in the name of the people of the state to immediately and peaceably dis- perse," and turning to the crowd of persons on the right and left, said "I command you, and you, to assist. " Fielden or Fielding turned and got off the truck, and as he reached the sidewalk, said in rather a loud voice, " We are peaceable." Almost instantly, I heard a hissing sound behind me followed by a tremendous explosion. The ex- plosion was immediately followed by a volley of pistol shots from the sidewalks and street in front of us. The explosion was caused by a dynamite bomb which was thrown into our ranks from the east sidewalk, and fell in the second division, and near the dividing line be- tween the companies of Lieutenants Stanton and Bowler. For an instant the entire command of the above named officers, with many of the first and third divisions was thrown to the ground . Alas, many never to rise again ! The men recovered instantly, and returned the fire of the 16 242 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. mob. Lieutenants Steele and Quinn charged the mob on the street, while the company of Lieutenant Hubbard with the few uninjured members of the second division swept both sidewalks with a hot and telling fire, and in a few minutes the anarchists were flying in every direction . I then gave the order to cease firing, fearing that some of our men, in the darkness might fire into each other. I then ordered the patrol wagons to be called, made de- tails to take care of the dead and wounded, placed guards around the station and called for physicians to attend to our wounded men. The reports of Captain Ward and the Lieutenants en- gaged which are attached and form a part of this report will give all details as to the killed and wounded. It is surprising to many that our men stood and did not get demoralized under such trying circumstances. It has been asserted that regular troops have become panic stricken from less cause. I see no way to account for it except this: The soldier acts as part of a machine, rarely, if ever, when on duty is he allowed to act as an in- dividual or to use his personal judgment. A police offi- cer's training teaches him to be self-reliant. Day after day and night after night he goes on duty alone, and when in conflict with the thief and the burglar, he has to depend upon his own individual exertions. The soldier being part of a machine, it follows that when a part of it gives out, the rest is useless until the injury is repaired. The policeman being a machine in himself, rarely, if ever gives up until he is laid on the ground and unable to rise again. In conclusion, I beg leave to report, that the conduct of the men and officers, with few exceptions, was admira- ble. As a military man said to me the next day, " "Worthy the heroes of a hundred battles." Of one officer, I beg leave to make special mention. Immediately after the ex- plosion I looked behind me and saw the greater portion of THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 243 the second division on the ground . I gave the order to the men to close up, and in an instant, Sergeant John E. Fitzpatrick was at my side and repeated the order. To show our appreciation of the sergeant's gallant conduct, I would respectfully recommend to his honor, the Mayor, and yourself, the promotion of the Sergeant to a lieuten- ancy as soon as a vacancy occurs. I am satisfied that the department does not contain a braver or a better officer. Respectfully Submitted, JOHN BONFIELD, Inspector and Secretary, Department of Police. CENTEAL DETAIL. CHICAGO, 111,, May 7, 1886. JOHN BONFIELD, ESQ., SECRETARY AND INSPECTOR. Sir: On the evening of the 4th inst, I was ordered to Desplaines street station with a company consisting of twenty-eight men from the Central detail. The follow- ing names will give the roster of my command and also the names of the injured : Lieutenant, George W. Hubbard ; Sergeant, John E. Fitzpatrick ; Patrolmen, Cornelius W. Crowley, John P. Nelson, Patrick Lavihan, injured, Jacob Ebinger, injured, Solomon S. Steele, James Kerwin, J. O. D. Storen, Wil- liam Lyonnais, Hiram A. Earl, John J. .Kelley, injured, James Mitchell, Lewis Goldon, John W. Collins, James H. Willson, injured, Peter McHugh, Luke Colleran, Fred A. Andrews, injured, Michael O'Brien, injured, John A. Weber, John F. Gibbons, James Cahill, John Riardon, John C. Morris, John Morweiser, Florence Donahue, Daniel Hogan, injured. At about 10:15 o'clock p. m., we were ordered by you to fall in. In taking our position in line we were the 5th company, the first four companies marching division front, we marching company front. Myself and Sergeant Fitz- 244 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. patrick were side by side, the Sergeant on my right and both of us in front and center of our command. We pro- ceeded North on Desplaines street to about ninety feet North of Eandolph street, and when in the act of halting, a bomb was thrown from the east side of Desplaines street alighting in the center of the second division, about five feet from and directly in front of myself and Sergeant Fitz- patrick. The bomb exploded instantly and mowed down about one-half of the second division and six men of the left wing of our command. The concussion made by the explosion, staggered and rendered me wholly deaf for a few moments. The remainder of the second division was forced back by the havoc made by the explosion, together with our own injured, temporarily deranging our line. Sergeant Fitzpatrick reorganized the right wing of our command and commenced firing upon the crowd on the east sidewalk, I taking the remainder of the left wing and emptying our revolvers into the crowd as they rushed south on the west side of Desplaines street. The firing con- tinued until the order came from you, through Sergeant Fitzpatrick, to cease firing, fearing that we might injure each other in the darkness. We proceeded at once to re- organize the company, reload and ascertain how many of our command was missing, and found nine men short, seven of whom were injured and the other two were assist- ing in caring for the wounded. By your order we proceed- ed to the southwest corner of Desplaines and Randolph and stood guard until relieved and ordered to the station. A portion of our command was detailed to assist in gather- ing up the wounded officers, as every few minutes, word would be received that an injured officer was at such a number or place. Directly after the bomb exploded it was followed by a volley of pistol shots from both the east and west side- walks. Our men returned the fire as soon as possible. I THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 245 also saw many persons lying on the walks, in door-ways and alleys after the firing ceased, but when we had cared for our own men and begun gathering up the dead and wounded of the enemy, many had disappeared in some manner and others drawn into adjacent buildings. The entire proceedings were sudden, vicious and soon over, no one knows better than yourself. I would state in conclusion, that the conduct of the men was admirable, and that at the command, "cease firing and fall in," the command immediately reorganized on the very ground that they halted on at the beginning of the engagement. Respectfully, GEORGE W. HUBBAED, Lieutenant of Police. JOHN E. FITZPATRICK, Sergeant of Police. DESPLAINES STREET STATION. MAY 5, 1886. WILLIAM WARD, ESQ., CAPTAIN COMMANDING THIRD PRECINCT: Sir : I respectfully report to you that on the 4th inst. there was an anarchist meeting held on Desplaines street, between Lake and Randolph streets. About 10: 15 o'clock p. m., on the above mentioned date, Inspector Bonfield and Captain Ward called seven companies of men together. At the command, "fall in," from Inspector Bonfield, we formed on Waldo place, and marched into Desplaines to about ninety feet north of Randolph street, to within a few feet of the speaker's stand, a flat truck wagon. I could distinctly hear you give the order for the speaker and crowd to disperse, " in the name of the state and as peace- able citizens." The speaker then paused for a moment, and the next instant a bombshell was thrown into our midst, wounding nineteen of my men out of a company of twenty-six. I was momentarily stunned, but soon recov- ered myself, and ordered what men I had left to charge on the crowd. We fired several shots each, and then used our 246 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. clubs to good advantage. Both sides of the street were covered with wounded men, but most of the crowd was north on Desplaines street. After the shooting was over, Sergeant It. Moore, Officers Wessler, Foley, Meaney, Asping, R. Walsh and myself went to assist the wounded. During the struggle I saw Inspector Bonfield, Captain Ward, Lieutenant Hubbard, Sergeants Moore and Fitzpat- rick several times. The following shows the names of the officers in my company, also the names of the wounded: Lieutenant James Bowler; Sergeant, Richard J. Moore; Patrolmen George Miller, John J. Barrett and Michael Sheehan died from injuries received; John Reid, bullet wounds in both legs below knees; Lawrence J. Murphy, half of the left foot blown off by shell, two shell wounds in the right leg, one in the right hip, two bullet wounds in the right leg, also one in the left side of neck; John E. Doyle, two bullet wounds in the right leg below the knee, three shell wounds in the left leg below the knee; Arthur Conolly, two shell wounds in the right leg, bul- let wound in the right arm ; Nicholas J. Shannon, bullet wound in the back, seventeen shell wounds in the lower part of both legs; Adam S. Barber, bullet wound in right heel, shell wounds in the lower and back part of both legs; James Con way, shell wounds through the lower part of the right leg; Thomas McEnery, ten shell wounds in both legs; Patrick Hartford, two shell wounds in the left leg, bullet wound through the right heel, three toes of left foot shot off; Louis Johnson, shell wound in the lower part of the left leg; Frank P. Tyrell, two shell wounds in the fleshy part of the left thigh; August C. Keller, shell wound above the left hip, bullet wound in left side; James Brady, four shell wounds in the lower part of both legs; John H. King, shell wound in the right jaw and two bullet wounds in the right leg; Peter Foley, THE POLICE DEPAKTMENT. Z-i < John Wesler, Thomas Meaney, Robert J. Walsh, Hugo Asping, Edward Griffin, William L. Sanderson, not injured. Respectfully yours, JAMES BOWLER, Lieutenant of Police. WEST LAKE STKEET STATION. CHICAGO, 111., May 17, 1886. WILLIAM WARD, ESQ., CAPTAIN COMMANDING THIRD PRECINCT: Sir, I beg leave to make the following report of the part taken by myself and company in the Haymarket riot on the evening of the 4th inst. I formed my company on Waldo place about 10:15 o'clock, p. m., and marched east into Desplaines street, then north on that street by company front to about ninety feet north of Randolph street and came to a halt, and in about six or eight seconds I saw the bomb just before it struck the ground. I noticed a fuse about an inch long attached to the shell, which exploded a few seconds later. It fell directly in front and near the center of my company and about four feet to my left. I think it was thrown from the east side of the street. Shooting began immediately after the shell exploded, and continued from three to five minutes. I turned to look after my men, and found they were scattered, and the most of them injured. I ordered them to fire, and proceeded to do so myself, and continued to do so until exhausted by the loss of blood f roni my wounds. I was then taken to the Desplaines street station, and soon afterward to the county hospital. My company consisted of eighteen men and myself. The balance of my men were detailed in other companies. Respectfully yours, JAMES P. STANTON, Lieutenant of Police. 248 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. WEST LAKE STREET STATION. CHICAGO, 111., May 17, 1886. WILLIAM: WARD, ESQ., CAPTAIN COMMANDING THIRD PRECINCT: Sir, The following is a report showing the names of the officers of this station who were detailed in the Des- plaines Street district, May 4, 1886, also to what compa- nies they were assigned, those who were wounded and the nature of the wounds received in the Hay market riot on the evening of that day: Lieutenant James P. Stanton, two wounds in calf of right leg, one in right thigh, one in right hip, one in right side, one in right forearm, wounded by pieces of shell, pistol wound in right arm, severe, but doing well; Patrol- man Charles H. Coffey, not injured; Patrolmen, Alexan- der Jameson, severe pistol shot in left thigh, also in left wrist; Timothy O'Sullivan, severe pistol shot wound in right thigh; Thomas Halley, slightly injured by being trampled on; Jacob Hanson, right leg crushed by shell, amputated above the knee, two pistol shot wounds in left hip, left ankle fractured by shell, very dangerous; Michael Horan, dangerous pistol shot wound in right thigh, four inches above the knee, also severe pistol shot wound in right forearm: Peter Butterly, severe wound in each leg below the knees, by shell, severe pistol shot wound in right forearm; William Kelly, not injured; Joseph Norman, severe shell wfiund in left hand, also in right heel ; Thomas Hennessey, severe shell wound in left thigh, also several slight wounds in both legs below the knees, caused by fragments of shell; William Burns, slight shell wound in right instep; Charles H. Fink, two dangerous pistol shot wounds in each thigh and severe shell wound in left ankle; Mathias J. Degan, killed by shell wounds in abdomen and legs; Bernard J. Murphy, dangerous shell wound on right side of head, large wound through left thigh; Thomas THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 249 Brophy, severe shell wound in left hand; John McWeiney, not injured; Charles J. Whitney, dangerous shell wound in chest; Thomas Redden, left leg crushed by shell; also wounds in both arms and face, died at the county hospital May 17, 1886. In Lieutenant Beard's company, Patrolmen, James Plunkett, slightly injured by being trampled upon; Pat- rick Prior, Dennis F. Tierney, John Hartnett, Jr., Charles E. Allen, Patrick Cunningham, not injured. In Lieutenant Penzen's company Sergeant Edmund Eoche, not injured; Patrolmen, James B. Short, George Lynch, Michael Moran, not injured; John S. Kelly, de- tailed on wagon, not injured. Respectfully yours, EDMUND ROCHE, Acting Lieutenant of Police. WEST CHICAGO AVENUE STATION. CHICAGO, 111., May 12, 1886. JOHN BONFIELD, ESQ., INSPECTOR OP POLICE: Sir, Obedient to orders received at 7:30 o'clock p. nu May 4 from Frederick Ebersold, General Superintendent of Police, for fifty police officers to report at Desplaines street station, Captain A. TV. Hathaway detailed myself and twenty-five men, and in pursuance of said order I re- ported the command and myself to Inspector John Bonfield at Desplaines street station at about 7:45 o'clock, p. m. The entire force present was informed that an unlawful meeting was about to be held on Desplaines street near Randolph street, with orders to prohibit the same and if not complied with, to disperse said meeting. About 10:15 o'clock, p. m., on the evening mentioned above, Inspector Bonfield gave the command to fall in, myself and command being placed on the right of the column. Starting from Waldo place we marched into Desplaines street, double com- 250 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. pany front was formed, the left of the first company being commanded by Lieutenant Martin Quinn. The order, "for- ward," brought us to within about six feet of an improvised stand, a flat truck wagon, where several speakers were pres- ent and a man named Fielding was then speaking to the as- sembly. The command, halt, was given; and at this mo- ment, the speaker, pointing to our advancing force, re- marked, " There are the blood-hounds coming; do your duty and I will do mine." Captain William Ward of the third precinct, then stepped forward to the speaker's stand and addressing the speaker as also the entire assembly, said, " I as an officer of the law in the name of the people of the State of Illinois, do hereby command you to disperse," at the same time calling upon law abiding citizens to assist him in so doing. A? Captain Ward had finished his last sen- tence, a shell was thrown into the ranks in the rear of Lieutenant Martin Quinn's company there exploding. At the same time a volley of shots was fired into our ranks from the crowd. The command at once returned the fire and being assisted by the entire force on the scene were successful in dispersing the mob. As to the conduct of the officers during the struggle I would state that they all acted prompt, and with precision and courage, with one exception. Officer Charles Dom- browski, a new member of the force, deserted his command and fled to a friend's house on Halsted street. Said officer was subsequently discharged from the force by order of Frederick Ebersold, General Superintendent of Police. The following is a list of the officers in my command during the struggle, Officers C. W. Gainoio, Henry Wei- neke, Edward Euel, Herman Krueger, Edward Barrett, Charles Dombrowski, Patrick McNulty. Respectfully yours, E. J. STEELE, Lieutenant of Police. THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 251 DESPLAINES STKEET STATION.. CHICAGO, Ills., May 14, 1886. WILLIAM WARD, ESQ., CAPTAIN COMMANDING THIRD PRECINCT: Sir, On Tuesday evening, May 4, at about 10:15 o'clock, p. m., we were ordered to fall in line on Waldo place. The command was given by the left flank, march- ing company front. We got instructions to halt on the north crossing of Desplaines and Eandolph streets. I saw something thrown from the sidewalk near Crane Bros, alley, which looked like a fire cracker, but instantly an explosion occurred, at the same time shooting commenced in front of the police force, I being in command of the second last company. Three of my men got slightly hurt, and Officers Patrick McLaughlin and Patrick Nash were detailed to assist the wounded officers to Desplaines Street Station and their homes. The following named officers were in my command: Sergeant, Edmund Roche; Patrolmen, P. H. Keefe, Andrew O'Day, bruised on right knee, Michael O'Donnell, John D. Hartford, Jeremiah Grogan, John J. Daly, Gustav A. Walters, Patrick Connors, John Plunkett, Thomas Kindlan, Matthew Wilson, Patrick Nash, bruised in left breast, Robert Bennett, Matthew Connolly, Patrick Mc- Laughlin, bruised in right breast, Edward Gasquoine, Michael Walsh, Charles C. Fish, Edwin J. Cullon, George Lynch, William Sanderson, Henry F. Smith, bullet wound in right shoulder, Daniel Daley. Respectfully, FRANCIS PENZEN, Lieutenant of Police. DESPLAINES STREET STATION. CHICAGO, May 24, 1886. JOHN BONFIELD, ESQ., SECRETARY AND INSPECTOR OP POLICE: Sir, I respectfully report to you that on the 4th inst 252 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. it was reported and advertised that an anarchist meeting was to be held that evening on Haymarket square. Lieu- tenant Hubbard, Sergeant Fitzpatrick and twenty-six patrolmen from the Central detail, Lieutenants Steele and Quinn and fifty men from the fourth precinct and Lieuten- ants Bowler, Penzen, Stanton and Beard with one hundred men were held on reserve at this station. At about 10 o'clock p. m., policemen in citizens' dress reported that a large crowd had assembled on Desplaines just north of Randolph street, and speeches of an incendiary nature were being made. Inspector Bonfield ordered them back to the meet- ing to note further what was said, and a few minutes later the same officers reported that the speakers advised the people to "attack the capitalists," "throttle the law," " stab the law," and other such language. Inspector Bon- field then gave the order to get the men into line, which was done by forming them on Waldo place in the following order, viz.: Lieutenant E. J. Steele with twenty-five men, Lieutenant M. Quinn with twenty-five men, Lieu- tenant James Bowler and Sergeant R. J. Moore with twenty-five men, Lieutenant James P. Stanton with eigh- teen men, Lieutenant Geo. W. Hubbard and Sergeant J. E. Fitzpatrick with twenty-six men. We then moved east to Desplaines street, then north on Desplaines street by left flank, two companies front. Lieutenants Steele and Quinn in advance, followed by Lieutenants Bowler and Stanton in same order, with Lieutenant Hubbard next. Lieutenants Beard and Penzen were ordered to wheel to the right and to the left on Randolph street and halt any attack on our rear from that street. We marched to about ninety feet north of Randolph street to where the meeting was held. I saw a man, whom I afterward identified as Fielding, standing on a truck wagon at the corner of what is known as Cranes' alley. I raised my baton, and in a loud voice, ordered them to disperse as peaceable citizens. THE POLICE DEPARTMENT. 253 1 also called upon three persons in the crowd to assist in dispersing the mob. Fielding got down from the wagon, saying at the time, " We are peaceable." As he uttered the last word, I heard a terrible explosion behind where I was standing, followed almost instantly by an irregular volley of pistol shots in our front and from the side-walk on the east side of the street, which was immediately fol- lowed by regular and well-directed volleys from the police and which was kept up for several minutes. I then ordered the injured men brought to the station, and sent for sur- geons to attend to their injuries. After receiving the neces- sary attention most of the injured officers were removed to the County hospital and I highly appreciate the manner in which they were received by "Warden McGarigle, who did all in his power to make them comfortable as possible. Respectfully, WILLIAM WAUD, Captain third prect. WEST MADISON STREET STATION. CHICAGO, May 10, 1886. WILLIAM WARD, Esq., CAPTAIN COMMANDING THIRD PRECINCT: Sir, By instructions received, I respectfully report to you that at about 10 :15 o'clock p. m. on the night of May 4, 1886, the order to "fall in," was given by Inspector Bon- field, which was immediately done, my company being commanded by myself and Sergeant John Post. In taking our position in line we were the seventh company, the first four companies marching division front and the two pre- ceding companies and myself and command marching company front. My instructions were to guard the entrance from the Haymarket and Randolph and Desplaines street, and keep any crowd from coming on the advance commands from that quarter. The command being given, the commands marched north on Desplaines street, and when my com- 254 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. pany had reached a point a little north of the center of Kandolph street, I saw a string of fire, something like a fire cracker, cut a half circle through the air, which was immediately followed by a deafening explosion, which caused a momentary confusion. Firing immediately com- menced, and noticing a crowd firing from an alley-way on the east side of Desplaines street, and also from behind boxes and barrels into us, I ordered my men to fire upon and disperse them, which they did. After emptying our revolvers we again formed and cleared the east side of Desplaines street and also at the corners. After this was done I ordered Officers Dennis Dunne, John Brown and others to assist in caring for the wounded. Myself and command remained at the northeast corner of Kandolph and Desplaines streets until orders were received to report to the station. Following are the names of the men in my command, also nature of wounds of the injured : Lieutenant J. P. Beard, Sergeant John Post, Patrol- men P. McMahon, Michael Keeley, George Kenan, Jacob J. Barcal, Richard Ellsworth, William I. Niff, Dennis T. Turney, Peter Cunningham, Joseph J. Fallon, Dennis Dunne, Daniel Pembroke, Michael Horan, Michael Con- olley, John Brown, Hugh McNeil, Nicholas H. Stahl, Patrick Prior, Charles E. Allen, Daniel Cramer, neck grazed by a bullet ; Martin Cullen, collar bone broken ; Frank Murphy, three ribs broken, ankle badly bruised ; Timothy Daly, Peter J. Burns, John Hartnett, Jr. Respectfully, J. P. BEARD, Lieutenant of Police. The following parties were found guilty of complicity in the shocking affair, and sentenced to die December 3 : August Spies, Michael Schwab, Samuel Fielden, Albert R. Parsons, Adolph Fischer, George Engel and Louis Lingg. Oscar Neebe received fifteen vears. THE COUNTY BOARD. GEOKGE C. KLEHM. Commissioner Klehm, Chairman of the County Board, was born at Duedelshiem, Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, July 29, 1839 . His father dying before the future Com- missioner was a year old, Henry, his brother, emigrated to the United States in 1846, and located in the town of Seneca, near Buffalo, N. Y. The mother, now seventy- nine years old, with John and George, followed in 1851. The old lady resides with the Commissioner today. When but twelve years of age George and John, who was five years his senior, made their living by chopping wood at thirty-one cents per cord. George then farmed for a while, up to 1853, when he apprenticed himself to the brick-laying and plastering trade. In 1855 he came to Cook county and settled with his mother and brother John on the premises of Thomas Edwards, in the town of Jeffer- son, where he worked at his trade, as well as in Chicago during the summer and went to school during the winter months. In 1860 he qualified as a teacher, and taught in Jefferson, Northfield and Niles, pursuing his trade in the meantime, in the summer. It is superfluous to state that the Commissioner made more money by laying brick than he did by cultivating the minds of future statesmen. In 1864 he married Eliza Harms, and opened a store in the town of Niles, in which business 'he continued until 1880, when he retired to seek a more congenial vocation. His wife dying in 1878 left seven children, whom he trans- ferred to the custody of Eliza Rueseh, whom he married 255 256 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. in 1881 . The Commissioner's political career commenced in 1860, when he was elected Town Clerk at Jefferson. Removing to Niles he has held a public office ever since, being the Treasurer of the township ever since 1874. In 1876 he was elected by the People's Party to the House of Representatives from the Seventh District, but hav- ing been a Republican all his lifetime he went back to his old love in 1878, and has been active in the party ever since. In 1881 he was elected Commissioner of Cook County by the Republicans of the second district, composed of Lake View, Niles, Evanston, New Trier, Jefferson, North- field and Norwood Park. He has a comfortable home in the village of Niles Centre, and has hosts of friends . JOHN E. VAN PELT. Commissioner Van Pelt recognized by his admirers as the Napoleon of the County Board, was born in Burling- ton, N. J., July 23, 1836. In Jerseyville, 111., whither his family removed, he attended school and engaged in the grain and lumber business with success. A Democrat always, Mr. Van Pelt from the outset manifested a deep interest in the success of his party. In 1862 he was elected Treasurer of Jersey county, and held the position four years. In 1873 he was elected Mayor of Jerseyville, on the citizens ticket. In 1874 he entered the grain and commission business in Chicago. He is serving his first term on the County Board, and is Chairman of the Com- mittee on Public Service and on Public Charities. He has been a strenuous worker. Mr. Van Pelt secured much distinction by taking the power out of the hands of the Republican Chairman of the Board and securing the lion's share for the Democratic party on the several committees. In 1882 he was elected Chairman of the Cook County cen- tral committee, and was succeeded by Alderman Colvin, THE COUlirTY BOAKD. 257 JAMES j. M'CARTHY. James J. McCarthy, one of the most useful and pop- ular members of the County Board, was born in Spring- field, Mass., May 3, 1847. In 1853 he came with his par- ents to Chicago. He received his education at the public schools, and his first employment was with Tobey & Booth, at the stock yards. In 1863 he accepted a situa- tion from Nelson Morris, the packer, and was given the management of his employer's business in Chicago . In 1869 Mr. Morris sent him to forward his interests at Buf- faly, N. Y. In 1871 he returned to Chicago, remained with Mr. Morris until he formed a co-partnership in the live stock business with M. E. Gregor. He was elected Cook County Commissioner in 1884 by a large majority. DANIEL J. WREN. The good-natured County Commissioner was born in Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland, in 1856, but as he has re- sided in Chicago since he was nine years of age, he almost regards the Garden City as his birth-place. He received his education at the old Dearborn school, where a mam- moth business block now stands on Madison street near Dearborn, and his home at that time was a humble little cottage where McVickers Theater now stands . His first business was teaming, and many a thousand brick has his team carted for Henry T. Jones, the brick manufacturer. Subsequently he engaged in the livery business, and finally drifted into the real estate and building business. Being a shrewd business man Mr. Wren's efforts were a financial success, and he soon gained a comfortable fortune. He was married to Miss Katie Connelly, a Chicago girl. The Commissioner is regarded by the press in the County Board as a reformer . 17 258 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. PETEK FORTUNE. Peter Fortune was born in Roundtown, just out- side the city of Dublin, and when very young went to Dublin where he went to work for a grocer. This was in 1850. In 1856, after considerable travel through the country, Mr. Fortune found himself the proprietor of a grocery store at the corner of Polk and Desplaines streets. In 1857 he moved to the corner of Harrison and Desplaines streets and there pushed a lucrative business in conjunc- tion with other ventures. He was proprietor of a place at the corner of Desplaines and Randolph, and also at the corner of Market and Lake. He was for a time connected with John O'Neill's brewery on South Water street. When his father died he went home to Ireland ; and outside of this short respite, his business life has been one of con- tinued activity. In 1865 he started brewing, and from 1866 up to 1876 transacted a great ale trade. In 1876, notwithstanding the fact that the Germans had monopolized the traffic, he com- menced the manufacture of lager. Today he is doing an extraordinary business and his immense buildings at the South-west corner of Van Buren and Desplaines streets are ample evidence of the fact. HENRY HEMMELGARM County Commissioner Hemmelgarm was born in Hano- ver, Germany, in 1830. Here he was brought up and worked at the blacksmithing trade up to November, 1852, when he came to New Orleans. Here he followed his trade as well for a short time after 1853, when he came to Chicago. His first business experience in this city was with the firm of Seckle & Co., produce and commission merchants, in the West Division. He subsequently acted as salesman for E. Seckle & Co., on Kinzie street for nine years. He finally established himself in the produce and THE COUNTY BOARD. 259 commission business at 201 Kinzie street, where he is push- ing a most prosperous trade. Among the new commissioners he was elected in the fall of 1885 not one probably takes more interest in the public welfare. Shortly after his election he was a constant attendant at the investigation of the State Board of Chari- ties into the condition of the insane asylum at Jefferson. FRANK N1ESEN. Commissioner Frank Niesen was born in the Ehenish province of Wittlich, Germany, December 25, 1829, and emerging from the provincial school with honor, achieved a creditable record in the high school of his native place, in April 20, 1 854. Frank, who was the eldest of a family of eight children, left his birthplace for America, and on June 17, 1854 he made Chicage his adopted home. After a year's experience in a South Water street vinegar factory, he entered the employ of John Palmer & Co. at 146 Kin- zie street, and with this firm and their successors he was connected for ten years. With the savings of those years he established a vinegar factory of his own at 124 Goethe street, and at the same time formed a co-partnership with ex-Commissioner John Herting at 26 Chicago avenue, which thrived well up to the time of the great fire of 1871. The flames of that furious fire not only melted the effects of the firm, but dissolved the co-partnership as well. His heavy losses in the conflagration only strengthened Mr. Niesen to renewed effort. The smoke had hardly cleared away when he established himself at 756 Halsted, near Willow, in company with Mr. Dieden. The firm dis- solved subsequently and Mr. Niesen has conducted the business to the present day. He has been very successful. Politically, Commissioner Niesen has been very fortunate. In 1876 when under the charter of 1872 thirty-six aldermen were elected at once, he was elected by the larger majority 260 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. to represent the fifteenth ward in the City Council. He drew the short term, but was reflected in 1877. In 1879 and 1880 he was elected collector for the North Town of Chicago. In 1883 he was elected County Commissioner, and though he is a Democrat he has invariably commanded many Republican and other votes. The Commissioner cele- brated his silver wedding in 1881 and hopes to celebrate his golden wedding in 1906. His family is a long-lived one. R. s. M'CLAUGHREY. Richard S . McClaughrey represents the town of Palos in the Cook County Board . He was elected independent- ly. The Commissioner was born in Onondaga county, N. Y., in 1822, and aside from a chequered experience on the Pacific coast, a trip to which region in 1850 consumed sixty-four days, his whole life has been spent upon a farm. He is the proprietor of 600 acres in Palos. In 1862 Mr. McClaughrey enlisted in the 100th Illinois Regiment under Colonel Bartleton, and among other battles participated in the engagements at Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and Resaca. He received a hip wound at Mission Ridge. For three years the Commissioner was a Trustee for the town of Blue Island . M. R. LEYDEN. Michael Richard Leyden, County Commissioner, re- ceived the highest vote polled in the very interesting cam- paign in which he figured. He was born in the city of Sligo, Ireland, in 1853, and when he was three years of age his family located in Chicago . He first attended the Kinzie school in the North Division, then St. John's Paro- chial school, and finally the Mosley school, in the South Division. When about 16 years of age Mr. Leyden visit- ed Texas in the interests of Hancock & Cragin, the well known packers. After a brief stay, in 1870, he returned to Chicago, and engaged his services as a salesman to John THE COUNTY BOARD. 261 O'Malley, who prosecuted a flourishing meat trade on Kin- zie street. In 1872 he went into the meat business for himself at No. 11 West Jackson, where he is now locatad. As a business man Mr . Leyden has been uniformly suc- cessful . His first political race was made in 1879, when circumstances conspired to defeat him . In 1883 he was overwhelmingly elected County Commissioner. JOHN HANKEGAN. Commissioner Hannigan was born April 5, 1840, in the Parish of Rore, Kilkenny, Ireland . "When he was eight years of age the family came to Albany, N. Y., and a short time thereafter the future Commissioner commenced active life as a bell-boy . He worked hard in three hotels, the Exchange, the Stanwick Hall, and the Delavan House, and his early experiences proved very useful to him in af- ter life, when he conducted a hostlery of his own . Unim- portant as his position was, it was yet a good school for the study of human nature . It is a well known fact that Mr. Hannigan's judgment of men's character is considerably above the average. In 1855 he came to Chicago, and was first employed as a bartender in a North Water street hotel. In 1857, in company with Lawrence Lynch, now dead, he established a place at 28 North Wells street, but shortly sold out to go to New Orleans. Sickness, however, caused his hurried return to Chicago. This was in 1859, when he engaged his services to William Cox, the proprietor of the Girard House, which stood near the Michigan Central Railroad depot, at the foot of South Water street . In 1861 he established a hotel at the corner of West Water and Cook streets, and 1865 the Commercial Hotel on Sherman street. The great fire of 1871 swallowing up these premi- ses, he started the Depot House on West Water and Cook streets, and in 1873 the North-Western Hotel, near the Chi- cago & North-Western Railroad depot. In 1881 he located at 262 THE POLITICAL IIISTOIC1' OF CHICAGO. 14 North Wells street, where he is at the present time transacting a nourishing business. He was elected Coun- ty Commissioner by about the largest majority given . THOMAS F. BAILEY. Thomas Francis Bailey, Clerk of the County Board, was born in Lough Gur, Limerick, Ireland, in 1842. When eleven years of age he came to Bradford county, Pa., and worked on a farm. In 1856 he came to Chicago and became general foreman in Shufeldt's Distillery. He represented the Ninth ward, at one time, in the City Council. . DAVID MCCARTHY. The Deputy Clerk of the County Board is one of the best known young men around the city, and is an accom- plished public officer. The McCarthy family is one of the oldest and most honored in the city. Mr. McCarthy was born in Chicago, November 14, 1846, and is a brother-in- law of Michael Keeley, the extensive brewer, and a man whose name is intimately identified with the most prom- inent enterprises, political, social and otherwise. Mr. Keeley was a member of the City Council, and was spoken of several times as a candidate for the county treasurer- ship and other offices of public trust. He presided at the great demonstration in Battery "D" when so successful an appeal was made to Irish-Americans to aid Charles Stewart Parnell in his brilliant parliamentary struggle for justice to Ireland. JAMES C. STRAIN. The urbane Committee Clerk of the County Board was born February 12, 1848, in Dublin, Ireland. When a year old, his family came to New York city and placed him in the public schools of the metropolis. Coming to Chicago in the spring of 1868, in 1870 James C. entered the straw-goods business, and continued therein up to THE COUNTY BOARD. 26o 1878. From October, 1879, to September 1, 1883, he was employed in the water office by the city, and while there had charge of a division, and won the well-merited praise of his superior officers and the firm friendship of his associ- ates. He then assumed his present position. WILLIAM j. M'GARIGLE. The warden of Cook County Hospital was born in Mil- waukee, Wis., September 12. 1850, and after an experience >*in the public schools graduated in the German and Eng- lish Academy of his native place. His first effort in busi- ness was as a confidential servant of the United States Express Company; the handling of large sums of money, being constantly intrusted to him. He subsequently filled an equally responsible position in the employ of the Chi- cago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. He married Miss Anna Bodmer, of Milwaukee, in November, 1870. Mr. McGarigle joined the Chicago police force in 1872, and was assigned to duty at Webster avenue station. From 1873 to 1875 he acted at headquarters in the dual capacity of Clerk of Detectives and Secretary under Elmer Washburne. It was a most arduous position, for these days were very stormy; the stormiest in fact in the police history of Chicago. A conflict raged between Mayor Medill, vested with the one man power under the charter of 1872, and the Board of Police Commissioners. Wash- burne was Chief of Police under Mayor Medill, and Dr. Ward the Secretary of the Board of Police was acting Superintendent of Police under the jurisdiction of that organization. In 1875 he was promoted to the lieutenancy and made Chief of Detectives, when the City Council gave him the rank of Captain, with additional pay. When act- ing as Secretary, Mr. McGarigle suggested to Chief of Police Hickey who came in under Heath's administration the propriety of placing boxes like the fire alarm instru- 264 THE COUNTY BOAKD. 265 ments so that the police could be called upon by electri- city a suggestion which eventually led to the establish- ment of the patrol system. The telephone at this time had not been developed. Interviews with Professor Bar- rett of the fire alarm service, Fire Marshal Swenie, and others finally led to the establishment of the Police Patrol Service during Mr. McGarigle's first year as Superintend- ent. Illustrations of this important system are found elsewhere. In 1879 he was transferred to the old police station at the corner of Madison and Union streets, to take charge of the third precinct. In the fall of 1879 Mr. McGarigle was appointed Gen- eral Superintendent by Mayor Harrison. As such he created Austin J. Doyle, who was secretary, the first In- spector of police, an office now filled Under Chief Ebersold by John Bonfield. In 1880 he made Dr. Hen- rotiri surgeon of the Police Department, and through his professional services made nurses out of the police force, and the patrol wagon a veritable drug store on wheels. It may be stated right here that " Old Darby," now in the fire alarm telegraph service was the first animal that ever pulled a patrol wagon. It is highly creditable to "Darby" as every city in the world is following Chicago with the patrol wagon. May "Darby's" shadow never grow less. In the spring of 1882 Mr. McGarigle visited the capitals of the old world, and submitted the result of his observations to the City Council, which dignified him with an unani- mous vote of thanks and commendation. He concluded his report as follows : " In closing this portion of my report I am compelled to say and do it with the greatest pleasure, as a tribute due a faithful body of men that in all my travels I have no- where seen a finer class of men as to physique and intelli- gence, than those who compose the force of our own city, both in size and in their bearing ; and when on duty their 266 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. appearance is far superior to any of the police forces which I have had the pleasure to see during my absence." In the fall of 1882 he resigned, to accept the Democratic nomination to the shrievalty, and carried the city, but was defeated. On September 1, 1883, he was appointed War- den of the Cook County hospital, and as such, decreased the mortality as is well known, from 11 to 7^ per cent. Mr. McGarigle's career has been phenomenal for a man of thirty-six. President Cleveland came very near appoint- ing him United States Marshal for the northern district of Illinois. He was one of the chief instruments in locating the Democratic National convention in Chicago ; was chairman of the National Finance committee and was chief Marshal of all the Democratic hosts in Cook county; and was twice elected President of the Police Association of the United States. Mr. McGarigle is one of the organizers of the Chicago Sectional Underground Wire Company, and was its first secretary. Great improvement is apparent in the County Hospital since Mr. McGarigle's advent. The electric communica- tion with each and every one of the wards of the immense institution, which is conceded by the world's travelers to be the finest hospital in the world, including the Vienna Hospital, and the magnificent precautions against fire are high tributes to Mr. McGarigle's inventive genius. The County Hospital was never before managed more skill- fully, and several members of the State Board of Charity last year in an interview stated that they had never seen bet- ter management and discipline in an institution of the kind. THE COUNTY BOARD. 267 JOHN F. DOHEETY. The Chief Clerk of the County Hospital was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., December 29, 1853. The family moving to Chicago when he was but two years of age, he was sent to St. Patrick's school. At thirteen he went to Oilman, and at twenty to the state normal at Normal, 111. He taught school for three years at Havana, 111., and at El Paso. In 1879 he came to the hospital, and has worked for three wardens. In the spring or 1882 he served in the office of Joseph Sokup, the West Town Assessor. EDWAED MCDONALD. The Engineer of the County hospital was born May 1, 1845, in Niagara Falls, N. Y. In 1861 he removed t9 Chicago, and in 1863 he went to New York City. He sailed the ocean for twelve years, visiting Havana, Lisal and Vera Cruz. He was four years with the engineer for the New York and Mexican mail line. In 1865-6 he sailed from New York to Boston for the Neptune line. In 1872 he was Chief Engineer of the steamship City of San Anto- nio, which cruised between New York and Galveston. In 1874 he went to Baricoa, Cuba, in the tug Mohawk, 17 tons burden, a distance of one thousand six hundred and fifty miles. For two years he was Engineer of the New York Herald and Bennett buildings. In 1877 he came to Chicago and was appointed Engineer in the House of Cor- rection. He retired to assume his present duties. The following are County Hospital attaches : Physicians and Surgeons Regular School Medical Board. Drs. A. J. Baxter, T. W. Miller, J. B. Murphy, W. P. Lee, Chr. Fenger, each three months' service ; F. S. Smith, G. M. Hutchinson, E. St. John, W. P. Verity, D. A. K. Steele, W. T. Bellfield, S. A. Me Williams, Cotton, each six months' service ; P. J. Rowan, Coey, 268 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Nolan, H. C. Curber, N. Briggs, F. Henrotin, Geo. H. Randall, each four months' service ; John Guerin, F. C. Schafer. Homeopathic Medical Board. Surgeons : Drs. Chas. Adams, Sherra, Newman. Physicians : Drs. A. W. Burnside, J. S. Mitchell, Woodward. Gynecologists : Dr. Streator. House Staff Eegular School. House Surgeons: M. L . Harris, W . G . Clarke . House Physicians : Elbert Wing, E. P. Davis. Senior Assistants to House Physi- cians: C. B. Wood, Chas. Davison. Junior Assistants to House Surgeon : G . D . Shaver, T . E . McDermott . Junior Assistant to House Surgeons : C . M . Coe, W . H . Weaver. Junior Assistants to House Physicians : Hugh Menzies, E. G. Epler. Superintendent of Training School : Miss M . E . Hemple . List of Employes permanently engaged in Hospital : Warden, Wm. McGarigle; Chief Engineer, E. S. Mc- Donald ; Assistant Engineer, D . T . Boyle ; Chief Clerk, J. T. Doherty ; Assistant Day Clerks, T. A. Parker, J. J. Mahoney ; Assistant Night Clerks, C. Cummings, F. B. Marooney ; Messenger, C . Potter ; Druggist, F . R . Mur- phy ; Storekeeper, G . Ashman ; Assistant Storekeeper, Robt . Jamison ; Housekeeper, Mary J . Fugerson ; Bath room Clerk, H. Gahagan. Besides the above there are employed in the hospital the folowing : Carpenters, 3 ; painters, 4 ; plumbers, 1 ; firemen and assistants in boiler room, 8 ; nurses, (male) 15; drivers of ambulance, etc., 4; morgue keepers, 2; scale men, 1 ; elevator men, 4 ; laborers, 6 ; porters, 2 ; gatekeepers, 1 ; cooks and kitchen employes, 6 ; bakers' assistants, 3 ; laundry employe's, 10 ; linen room employe's, 4 ; dining room employes, 6 ; chamber maids, 3 ; scrub- bing maids, 18 ; druggists' messenger, 1 ; night watch- THE COUNTY BOARD. 269 man, 1 ; door keepers, 2 ; Miss Hampton, superinten- dent of nurses. House Surgeons. Drs. Keith, Davis, Black, Mitchell, Jr., Chandler. House Physicians : Drs. Bridge, Van Hook, Caldwell, Smith, Jr., Post, Plummer, Prickerd. House Gynecologists : Drs. Benauer, Spoche, Obs, Hibbard. HA KEY A. VAENELL. The popular Warden of the Cook County Insane Asylum was born in Frankville, Iowa, February 13, 1852, and was an only child. In 1854 his father John H. brought the family to Chicago, and engaged in the lumber and com- mission business. Harry carried his school books from the family residence in the old brown row on the corner of Madison and State streets to the old Dearborn school, where the Inter Ocean Building now stands. He subse- quently attended the old Jones school at the corner of Clark and Harrison and the Brown school, corner of Wood street and Warren avenue. His father dying when our subject was thirteen, Harry became the sole support of his mother. He entered the dry-goods house of Potter Palmer, on Lake street near Clark as a cash boy, and by industry and thrift was in the meat business for himself at the age of sixteen. When quite young he married Miss Lillie Favor, daughter of Mr. Fred Favor, who served with credit in the Chicago Board of Trade Battery during the war. Mr. Varnell withdrawing from the meat trade, traveled for years for the Hall Safe & Lock Company, the Mosler Lock Company, and the Cincinnati Lock Com- pany. On September 1, 1884, he accepted his present position. He is a sturdy Democrat and is a power in the seventh ward. JAMES O'BEIEN. County Agent O'Brien, was generally considered one of the very best men for the arduous position he holds. The 270 THE POLITICAL H1STOKY OF CHICAGO. requirements of the office are peculiar ; while a man must by nature sympathize with people in distress the quality of discernment is imperatively necessary to a proper admin- istration. Many impostors call upon the County Agent. Mr. O'Brien was born in the county of Wexford, Ireland, July 25, 1842. Coming to Chicago, he first coupled cars and was soon appointed yard-master for the Chicago, Bur- lington & Quincy Railroad Company. Thereafter he entered the retail liquor business, but retired from the traffic some time ago. He served three terms in the City Council. NICHOLAS ECKHARDT. The Assistant County Agent was born in Germany in 1832, and at the age of seventeen came to Chicago. He adopted the carpenter trade at once and also connected himself with the Fire Department. He was a pipeman on the " Queen," and afterward on the " Brown." Mr. Eckhardt is one of our most prominent German Americans, and is gifted with a happy disposition. He represented the fifteenth ward in the City Council, having been elected in 1872 on an independent ticket. CONEAD FOLZ.- Conrad Folz, the veteran jailor of Cook county, was born in Bavaria in 1827, and when twenty -two arrived in New York. As early as 1851, after a look around the country, he came to Chicago in the "Wisconsin." He took contracts for streets in Holstein, and at once accumu- lated wealth and prosperity. Under Mayor Dyer he was placed in charge of the fire-alarm bell, and kept it up until 1861, when he resigned because of reduction of salaries under Mayor Wentworth. When A. C. Hesing was ap- pointed Sheriff he became jailor. He has served fourteen years under eight Sheriffs, and is now serving under the ninth . Under the firm name of Driesel & Folz, Mr. Folz THE COUNTY BOARD. 271 is engaged in the manufacture of cans for dried fruit at Nos. 413 and 415 Larrabee street. T. J. BLUTHARDT. Theodore J . Bluthardt, whose name is a household word among the German people, is County Physician. The Doctor was born in Neuenburg, Prussia, in 1837. At the age of twelve, emerging from the public school, he entered the gymnasium in Konitz, where he ended his studies at the age of eighteen. He at once came to the United States; in 1858 commencing the study of medicine with Dr. Max. Meyers in Chicago. He applied himself so earnestly that in March, 1861, he graduated distinguish- edly in the Lind University, now the Chicago National College. He proceeded to Boston to complete his scholas- tic career, but the war of the rebellion arising, he could not resist the impulse of taking an active part in the salva- tion of his adopted country. He accordingly entered the army as assistant surgeon of the First Illinois Cavalry, and was in active service at once . At the battle of Lexington he was wounded in the abdomen and taken prisoner with Mulligan. Released, he was sent on hospital duty to the Fifth Street Hospital in St. Louis, in charge of Surgeon John T. Hodgem, the eminent practitioner yet located there. On April 1, 1862, by order of General Halleck, he was promoted to the surgeonship of the Twenty-Third -Missouri Infantry Volunteers for his services at Lexington. As such he served at Shiloh, and generally accompanied the Army of the Cumberland until forced to resign during the Atlanta campaign by reason of his wound, which dis- qualified him from riding horseback. He was then under a special recommendation of General Eosecrans, appointed by Governor Yates, Surgeon of the 144th Illinois Infantry, serving from 1864 to 1865, also as post surgeon at Alton, Illinois. In 1865 he resumed the practice of medicine in 272 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Chicago. In December, 1866, he was appointed County Physician . In 1869 he was elected to the County Board, of which he was made Chairman in a short time. During his term he was a member of the Board of Education. In 1870 he was elected Town Supervisor of the West Town of Chicago. In 1872 Mayor Medill appointed him a mem- ber of the City Board of Education, which position he held up to 1876. In December, 1879, he was elected to his present office. Dr. Bluthardt has been many times President of the Germania Maennerchor, and he was Vice- President of the Board of Directors of the North American Sangerbund at their twenty-second festival. FEDERAL OFFICERS. KANSOM W. DUNHAM. The Congressman from the first congressional district is Ransom "W. Dunham. The gentleman was born in Savoy, Mass., March 21, 1838. He received most of his education in the common schools and closed his studies at the High School at Springfield, Mass. He entered the office of the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany in 1855, and remained there until April 1, 1857, when he removed to Chicago and engaged in the grain and provision business. He was President of the Board of Trade of Chicago in 1882, was elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican, receiving 11,571 votes against 10,534 for John W. Doane, Democrat, and 644 votes for A. J. Grover, Greenbacker, and was reelected. FKANK LAWLEK. The Congressman from the second district, and the suc- cessor of the brilliant Finerty was born in Rochester, N. Y., June 25, 1842. At the age of fourteen he was car- rying newspapers for John R. Walsh, President of the Western News Company; became a newsboy on the rail- road and then drifted into the ship-caulking business. He was soon President of the Protective Association of his trade and was reelected; when the eight hour question arose he became general agent of the Workingman's Advo- cate,a,r\d was at once recognized as the champion of the work- ing classes. Not long afterward he was appointed a letter- carrier by General McArthur, was transferred to the regis- try department, and resigned when he became Alderman 18 '. 273 274 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. of the eighth ward. He was elected to represent this ward five consecutive times. In the council Mr. Lawler has always been the friend of the toilers. He presented the ordinance closing the bridges from six to seven in the morning and half past five to half past six in the evening, for the benefit of the laboring class; offered the ordinance forbidding the employment of children in factories un- der twelve years of age ; insisted upon the tax-fighters coming to the front, and was most energetic in his oppo- sition to convict labor. Among other recognitions he re- ceived the following : INTERNATIONAL TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, ) DETROIT, Mich., June 7, 1878. ) The following resolution was adopted by the International Typo- graphical Union in convention assembled (delegates being present from all the cities in the United States, the territories, and Canada) in the city of Detroit, Mich., on the day and date above mentioned: Resolved, That the thanks of the International Typographical Union are hereby tendered to Alderman Frank Lawler, of the Com- mon Council of the city of Chicago, for his successful and energetic opposition to the employment of convict labor on the new City Hall of that city. DARWIN R. STREETER, Pres., JOHN H. O'DoNNELL, Sec.-Treas. Congressman Lawler was nominated Sept. 6, 1884, at WestphaiFs Hall, by the Democratic convention. He was elected by a majority of 2,410 in one of the largest Dem- ocractic districts in the country. JAMES H. WARD. The Congressman from the third district, and suc- cessor to Col. George R. Davis, was born in Chicago, on the southwest corner of Madison and Halsted streets, and is about thirty-three years of age. He attended St. Patrick's School, and graduated at Notre Dame Univer- sity, Indiana. Emerging from the institution with high honors, he adopted the profession of law, and when he was FEDERAL OFFICERS. 275 elected to congress by the flattering vote of the third dis- trict he was transacting a lucrative practice in the Metro- politan Block. He was offered the Presidency of the Young Democracy, but declined. GEORGE E. ADAMS. George Everett Adams, Congressman of the fourth congressional district, was born June 18, 1840, at Keene, N. H. He graduated at Harvard when twenty years of age, and immediately commenced the study of law at Dane Law School, at Cambridge, Mass., was subsequently ad- mitted to the bar, and has since practiced his profession. In November, 1880, he was elected State Senator of Illinois from the sixth district, but resigned March 3, 1883, having been elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican. He was reelected. LAMBERT TREE. Our Minister to Belgium, Judge Lambert Tree, was born in Washington City, District of Columbia, November 29, 1832. Here he was educated, graduating at Columbia College. Soon after this event he studied law in the office of James M. Carlisle, leader at that time of the Washing- ton bar. He spent two years thereafter in the law school of the University of Virginia. In the fall of 1855 he was admitted to the bar, and immediately came to Chicago. This city has been his home ever since. Six months after his arrival our subject formed a co- partnership with Joseph P. Clarkson, which continued for a number of years. He practiced law continually until 1871, when he visited Europe. He was President of the Law In- stitute at the time. In 1871 he was elected Judge of the Cir- cuit Court, to fill the unexpired term of Hon. William K. McAllister, who was elevated to the supreme bench of Illinois. On the expiration of this term he was reelected without op- position a magnificent tribute to his judicial character. In 276 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO 1875, his health failing, Judge Tree resigned and spent four years in foreign travel, visiting every spot in Europe. In 1878, while absent, he was nominated for Congress for the fourth district by the Democrats, and declined. His party, however, insisted on retaining his name upon the ticket, cast an immense vote for him, but he was defeated. He hardly counted on victory, as the district is one of the largest republican strongholds in the state. His opponent was Hiram Barber. In 1882 he was again unanimously nominated for the same district, but was defeated by George E. Adams, the present incumbent. In 1884 he was a delegate-at-large to the Democratic National Con- vention, held at Chicago. President Cleveland appointed Judge Tree Minister to Belgium, July 9, 1885. At the session of the General Assembly of Illinois, of 1884-85, after the withdrawal of Col. Morrison, Judge Tree was unanimously nominated by the Democrats in the Legislature as their candidate for the United States Senate against Gen. John A. Logan, the Republican candidate, and on joint ballot lacked but one vote of election. Judge Lambert Tree donated to the city $700, from the proceeds of which a medal is to be struck and awarded annually for the bravest deed of a fireman or police officer. This donation was duplicated by Mayor Harrison on Octo- ber 6, so that a medal may go to one member of each of the the two departments annually. JAMES T. HEALY. The selection by President Cleveland of James T. Healy for the very responsible position of Sub-Treasurer was a genuine surprise to the recipient. There were many aspirants for the office, but everybody conceded that Mr. Healy was not one of them. Mr. Healy was born in Chicago, February 16, 1846, and represents a family known to the early settlers of the FEDERAL OFFICERS. 277 northwest as one of the best in the category of worth. Educated in Chicago, Mr. Healy became a business man in a very brief period. He first kept books for Nash & Co., commission merchants. His experience here in general business transactions induced him to form a co-partnership with a Mr. Stevens in the lumber traffic. Subsequently he engaged in the pork-packing business under the firm name of Moran & Healy. He was busy attending to the business of this firm when unexpectedly notified that he was appointed Sub-Treasurer. While manifesting a commendable interest in politics, Mr. Healy has never sought office. Sheriff Hoffman se- lected him as Chief Deputy on business principles. He served four years as a member of the Board of Education. F. H. MAESH. The United States Marshal for the northern district of Illinois, Frank H. Marsh, was born in Dover, England, September 7, 1843, and when a youth came to this coun- try. At the age of eighteen, having received his educa- tion at Eock Kiver Seminary, at Mount Morris, Ogle County, Illinois, our subject entered the union army as a private . He enlisted in the Fifteenth Illinois, afterward the Forty-Sixth. His first battle was at fort Donnelson, and for meritorious conduct at Pittsburg Landing and other famous battles, he was promoted to a captaincy. He served throughout the war, participating in every battle fought by this regiment. Resuming civil life, he engaged in the book and news trade up to 1869, when he became general agent for the American Express Company, at Oregon, Illinois. He was shortly elected Representative of his district in the Twen- ty-eighth and Twenty-ninth General Assembly, and in 1883 was elected Sheriff of the county. His majority was 900 on the Democratic ticket, where the Eepublicans 278 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. elected his predecessor by 2,100 majority. The Marshal has always been a Democrat, casting his first vote for Seymour, and his prominence in the party has ever been strongly recognized. In June, 1885, he was appointed by President Cleveland United States Marshal, and his papers on file in Washington bear the indorsement of Republi- cans as well as Democrats. Mr. Marsh's superiority as Sheriff of Ogle county justi- fies the prediction that he will make an almost unrivaled United States Marshal for the northern district of Illinois. RENSSELAER STONE. The collector of internal revenue was born August 14, 1830, in Oneida county, N. Y. He received his education at academies in Vernon and Lowville, Lewis county, N. Y. In the East he was known as a flourishing commission merchant. In 1859 he came to Chicago where in the firm of Bates, Stone & Co. his business enterprise material- ly contributed to one of the largest mercantile structures in the Northwest. He is one of the most prominent members of the Board of Trade with which he has been associated for twenty-six years last past, and has always been active in Democratic politics. His appointment by President Cleveland is dated September 10, 1885. A. F. SEEBERGER. The dignified Collector of the port of Chicago has been all his life a business man in every sense of the word, and was selected by President Cleveland as a representative of the German element which assisted in his election. He was born in 1829 in Wetzlar, on the river Lahn, in Germany. Coming to America when very young he rapid- ly became identified with our commercial institutions and the fact that he is the senior member of the hardware establishment of Seeberger, Breakey & Co., sufficiently at- tests his great business success. FEDERAL OFFICERS. 279 PHILIP A. HOYNE. The United States Commissioner was born in New York, November 20, 1825, and is the son of an Irish patroit. Exiled from his country at the age of thirteen he entered a book binding and printing establishment, but abandoned the business in 1841, when he entered the law office of his brother Thomas Hoyne. From 1842 to 1844 he kept books in Galena and dabbled in mining. In 1844 he came to Chicago as an agent for the St. Louis Fur Com- pany, and in 1851 permanently located here. In 1853 he was elected the first clerk of the Recorder's Court for five years. In 1855 he was admitted to the bar, and in 1868 to the Supreme Court of the United States. On January 9, 1855, he was made United States Commissioner for the district of Illinois and is the oldest in the service in the Northwest . He is Commissioner of Deeds of every state and ter- ritory, the provinces of Canada and British America, the District of Columbia, and represents the United States Court of Claims, the Court of Commissioners of Alabama, and French and American claims. He is a prominent member of many societies. ELIJAH B. SHERMAN. This gentleman was appointed as Master in Chancery in the United States courts in 1879. He is of Anglo- Welsh descent and was born in Fairfield, Vt., June 13, 1832. In 1854 he entered a drug store in Brandon, Vt. In 1860 he graduated from Middleborough College. He was the poet for the junior exhibition and also at the graduation exercises. In 1862 he enlisted in the Ninth Vermont Infantry and became a Lieutenant. In 1864 he graduated in law. In 1876 he was elected in the fourth sen- atorial district and again in 1878. Among other positions of dignity and trust filled by Mr. Sherman may be men- 280 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. tioned, the Grand Mastership of the Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows; memberships in the Chicago Philosophical Society; Chicago Bar Association; Chicago Law Institute, and State Bar Association. The Grant memorial address pronounced by Elijah B. Sherman ranks among the best extant. MAKIAN A. MULLIGAN. This lady is pension agent at Chicago, her application for the very responsible position having been indorsed by the leading men of the city and the state, regardless of politics. Mrs. Mulligan is the eldest daughter of Michael and Alice Grant Nugent, and was born in Liverpool, England, September 14, 1841. She might be said to be a Chicagoan, as she was a mere child when her parents set- tled here. She was educated at St. Xavier's Academy, and when fifteen, after her father's death, she became a boarder at Miss Sarah J. Hale's school for young ladies at Philadel- phia. On October 20, 1859, she was married to James A. Mulligan, a young lawyer of great promise, who on the outbreak of the war of the rebellion abandoned his law books to unsheathe his sword in defense of the Union. He organized the Twenty-third Illinois Volunteers, subse- quently known as the Irish Brigade, whose exploits on the field can never be forgotten so long as American history remains. Mrs. Mulligan accompanied her husband in his cam- paigns, and after his surrender at Lexington, in 1861, shared his captivity. He was held prisoner by General Sterling Price. In July, 1864, Col. Mulligan was fatally wounded at the battle of Kernstown, near Winchester, Va., and Mrs. Mulligan's eldest brother, Lieutenant James H. Nugent, A. D. C., while assisting his commander from the field was instantly killed. The Lieutenant was but nineteen years and six months old, and his body was never FEDERAL OFFICERS. 281 recovered. Colonel Mulligan received three fatal wounds r and was carried to a farm house and died on July 26. His- wife, hearing that he was wounded, started from Cumber- land, Maryland, and after a most distressing journey of over one hundred miles, reached Winchester, only to find her husband and brother dead, and to realize the fact that she was a widow at the age of twenty-three, with two little children. On the following January a third daughter was born. Mrs. Mulligan brought the remains of her husband to Chicago, where with signal military honors they were con- signed to Calvary. On Decoration Day, in 1875, the grave of the gallant Colonel was marked by a beauti- ful monument erected by the State of Illinois and the citi- zens of Chicago. Our pension agent was a heroine before, during and after the battle, displaying the rarest fortitude in affliction. She maintained and educated her children by literary work and music teaching. Her eldest daughter is the wife of Mr. John C. Carroll, one of our -leading citizens. Mrs. Mulligan's ability, culture and great sacrifices for the pres- ervation of the Union, eminently justified her appointment. J. J. CROWLEY. The Chief of the Special Agents of the United States Treasury at Chicago is Jeremiah J. Crowley. He was born in Boston, Mass., and graduated from Georgetown College, D. C. In 1866 he carne to Chicago, and served as Corresponding Clerk for the Western News Company up to 1869, when he was appointed Assistant Cashier in the City Collector's office. In 1875 he was elected Chief Clerk in the Illinois House of Representatives, and in 1877 was made First Assistant Secretary of the State Senate. Returning to Chicago he accepted the position of Chief Clerk in the West Town Assessor's office, and having made an excep- 282 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. tionally fine record there, was selected for his present re- sponsible position. S. CORNING JUDD. The Postmaster of Chicago was born in Otisco, Onan- dago county, N. Y., July 21, 1827. At the age of nine he was sent to the Aurora Academy, in Erie county. He here met Hon. Henry Fillmore, afterward President of the United States. He subsequently taught school in Canada. In 1845 he studied law with Griswold & Corning in Syra- cuse, N. Y. Richard S. Corning was the brother of the late Hon. Erastus Corning, of Albany, N. Y. In 1848 he was admitted to the bar, becoming a partner of H. S. Winston at Syracuse, and writing for the press at the same time. In 1849 he was City Clerk of Syracuse, and edited the daily Star, which was Independent in politics. In 1850 he accepted a position in the Department of the Interior, but soon returned and purchased the daily Star from Mr. Comstock. In 1853 he sold the paper to the Democrats, and it became the Republican and Courier. In 1854 he went to Lewiston, Fulton county, Illinois, and was a law partner of W. C. Gkmdy. 1873 he came to Chicago, and was a partner with William Fitzhugh, son of Bishop Whitehouse. In 1883 Mr. Judd was President of the Chicago Bar Association. It might be said that Mr. Judd's political activity out- side of the press was manifested principally in 1860, when he was the Democratic candidate for Presidential Elector on the Douglas ticket, and in 1864, when he was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. Outside of what speeches he has made in Presidential cam - paigns since 1864, his entire time has been given to the practice of his profession . COLLINS S. SQUIERS. The very able and courteous Assistant Postmaster, Col- lins S. Squiers, was born May 30, 1832, in Madison FEDERAL OFFICEES. County, N. Y. In 1857 he came to Chicago and entered the Board of Public Works. His first experience in the Chicago postoffice was as a letter distributor, and after- wards he was made Superintendent of that department. In 1865 he was made Cashier of the office, then Chief Clerk,, and finally Assistant Postmaster. HENRY F. DONOVAN. The Superintendent of letter-carriers in the Chicago postoffice, whose appointment gave singularly unanimous satisfaction, is but twenty-eight years of age and has lived in Chicago all his life. His ringing speeches in one of the most exciting presidential campaigns in the annals of America, alone certainly entitled him to great consideration from the Democratic administration. "Harry," as Mr. Donovan is best known, was educated in the public schools. For ten years he was employed on the Chicago Press. On his retirement with the honors of a first-class reporter from the active field of journalism, he was appointed Deputy County Clerk in charge of the marriage license department by M. W. Ryan, County Clerk. He was elected President of the County Board of Education, Oct. 8, 1883, and was reflected President in 1884 and 1886. He was one of the founders of the Chicago Press Club and one of the originators of the old Irish- American Second Regiment, in which he served as Ser- geant-Major. He is at present Secretary of the Board of Civil Service Examiners, in addition to his duties as Super- intendent of Carriers. He was a candidate for Clerk of the Superior Court on the Democratic ticket in 1884, run- ning ahead of his ticket, but was defeated, the county being strongly Republican. Mr. Donovan is a member of the Iroquois, Algonquin and Cook County Democratic Clubs; is President of the Post Office Mutual Aid Society, and be- longs to a large number of social and benevolent organiza- tions . He is married to a daughter of Christian Cassle- man, Esq., and has three children. 284 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. CLERKS OF POSTOFFICE. C. M. Alexander, C. J, Agger, J. L. Aymong, A. G. Anderson, August Arnold, M. Aszling, W. H. Andrus, W. T. Alden, A. G. Ayer, James Anderson, H. Ackhoff, S. Adler, C. S. Bates, William Butler, John D. Black well, D. M. Ball, C. Boorman, A. N. Boe, Joseph Barr, T. M. Beatty, E. D. Barber, J. P. Burbeck, C. P. Burr, C. Bie- denweg, C. E. Beach, E. T. Berryhill, P. H. Bready, W. J. Bigley, H. Burnside, AY. E. Burcky, F. L. Barnett, D. F. Barber, C. L. Buchan, Joseph Boyd, H. C. Barbour, R. C. Baer, L. B. Bergersen, S. S. Bendit, F. H. Brown, F. Beattie, L. Baer, Mary T. Briggs, J. W. Brown, A. M. Blanchard, J. M. Burke, Thomas Berry, N. B. Brant, F. H. Brooks. F. Brenken, C. Burkhardt, A. G. Begy, C. F. Bock, C. Brugmann, J. J. Brown, J. J. Burke, E. M. Castle, J . W . Cooper, M . B . Collins, W . E . Crumbackeer, P. M. Clowry, J. C. Cluett, Mrs. L. M. F. Cook, G. H. Churchill, C. 0. Curtis, Miss H. A. Gary, J. H. Casey, W. A. Calhoun, R. Cuniff, Mary V. Caumragere, D. A. Cook, A. G. Clark, H. Cordes, Miss M. A. Cameron, J. S. Creech, J. H. Clancy, W. R. Crow, F. F. Clark, Mrs. E. B. Coghlan, J. V. Cowling, J. P. Costello, Miss C. D. Clement, R. Conway, B. M. Cohen, P. H. Caraher, J. H. Canavan, G. W. Colby, W. P. Cook, R. Colladine, M. Crimmins, F. T. Cairns, Miss M. M. Crocker, D. Colford, W. M. Cuthberton, P. J. Casey, F. J. Costello, M. J. Clark, E. V. Dales, E. M. Dickson, J. Donahue, Miss E. N. Decker, J. Davy, S. D. Dent, F. M. Dittus, S. Degman, Mrs. C. H. Deale, C. L. Davis, W. L. De Remer, J. G. Drought, J. Duguid, A. E. Dickinson, T . Downey , . M . Downs, H . F . Donovan, Miss B . L . Dunbar, T. F. Dunning, AY. H. Daly, P. Dunne, C. Dockery, P. Dudley, A. Donairo, N. R. Douglass, J. V. Do Vino, F. C. Demorest, J. Eict, M. Emerich, F. En- FEDERAL OFFICERS. 285 gelhardt, A. W. Ehrhardt, J. A. Eliasson, P. L. Eber- sold, G. F. Ebinger, M. Evans, E. B. Esher, Miss F. E. Elder, J. Frank, P. E. Forest, H. S. Fowler, F. F. Fisher, F. H. Fox, T. A. Fontaine, T. F. Fay, J. V. Fox, W. Fyfo, TV. J.Finn, Miss F. 0. Ford, D. E. Ford, E. M. Fitzgerald, Miss M.I. Flanagan, J. H. Finnegan, E. 0. Forrest, B. Foley, J. J. Flannagan, W. J. Fur- long, C. A. Gibson, Miss E. F. Griswold, Miss M. L. Gillmore, J. H. Granger, J. Galbraith, T. A. Gund, L. Goodman, P. F. Geogohan, A. J. Gowanlock, TV. George, TV. H. Garrity, M. Goldschmidt, G. TV. Giehuly, A. F. Gorgan, Bartley Grady, J. Goldsmith, F. TV. Green, H. W. Gillespie, G. D. Gerdner, J. B. Howard, E. Huther, E. Henderson, Charles Hale, D. C. Haight, Hog Aboam, E. T. Howard, A. J. Heath, P. H. Henry, C. C. Hatcher, J. C. Haltenkoff, B. Hecht, E. C. Hooker, J. H. Hughes, A. T. Hall, A. C. Hawley, B. C. Heavey, E. J. Hughes, G. B. Hennessy, W, 0. Hart, S. A. Hanlon, Jr., P. J. Hermann, 0. C. Hay, J. T. Hoyne, P. Hackett, F. E. Horn, Miss N. M . Hayes, C . D . Harrison, Miss H . M . Homer, James Hogan, J. J. Hennessy, Miss Lottie V. Hicks, E. T. Higgins, J. J. Hardin, B. Huhn, W. Han- ton, 0. F. Haull, C. J. Henry, J. J. Hooley, W. J. Juleson, E. M. Johnston, J. H. Jones, L. Jirks, J. G. Kerr, T. E. Kennedy, G. F. Keick, M. Kearins, J. E. Kimberly, T. A. Kenny, T. P. Kerugan, J. H. Keenon, A. Knefel, J. Krewer, H. T. Knop, C. Keil, W. E. King, W. W. Kennedy, E. L. Kellogg, E. Kehoe, J. Killean, Miss J. L. Kelly, M. Knost, J. Kene, S. H. King, A. F. Klank, C. B. Langley, S. C. Labell, E. Law, J. C. Lamb, T. J. Lawler, H. Le Brown, W. H. Leirness, J. Lyons, W. Luckow H. Loveken, F. D. Lipe, J. H. Lenz, F. A. Lenhard, G. W. Lovering, P. S. Lynch, E. Lee, T. H. Litzenberg, D. B. Lynch, W. J. Lyman, H. Lieb, T. F. Maegher, H. E. Meacham, J. M. Mahler, E. Munster, J. 286 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. W. McGee, J. N. McArthur, S. Marble, T. R. Melody, W. H. Moore, A. C. Morse, W. W. Man, E. A. Mack, D. Martin, J. Matter, G. W. Miles, E. B. Morey, J. McDavid, J. T. McGrath, H. C. Matlack, A. C. Martin, M. W. Mills, B. F. McCarty, J. J. McCue, G. E. Mc- Grew, P. McNamara, F. J. Miller, T. Mackey, T. J. McEssey, W. A. McFarlane, A. A. Morrow, J. Mullin, J. T. Monahan, J. T. McMahon, J. S. Mulliner, F. W. Mayer, W. D. McBean, P. Moran, Miss A. Murray, D. T. McGraw, M. T. McAuliff, P. J. Mulvaney, J. Marr, J. J. Masterson, E. J. Murray, J. McCormick, J. T. McMackin, J. Merwick, W. F. Murphy, S. W. Marshall, J. McKeever, W. Mahon, J. S. Mclnerney, D. P. Mor- gan, P. McDentt, C. H. Manning, J. D. Murphy, J. M. Mahon, A. H. Murdorff, P. Noonan, E. B. Nordham, G. R. Nixon, P. Newton, J. E. Nelson, C. Nowlan, W. G. Noxon, R. J. Niemeyer, W. E. Nelson, W. K. Os- good, J. H. O'Brien, N. T. Ohlander, G. F. O'Leary, Mrs. A. S. Ondorff, F. G. Orcutt, I. W. Ott, D. J. O'Con- nors, J. O'Kelley, L. C. Overlook, J. J. O'Brien, D. O'Con- nell, P. J. O'Brien, E. O'Connor, J. O'Brien, P. O'Farrell, W. E. Patton, N. Petrie, Mrs. J. W. Parsons, J. E. Pear- son, L. W. Post, W. R. Pugh, W. H. C. Pierce, N. Pat- terson, G. H. Pond, J. C. Polly, Jr., R. N. Pearson, R. Panneberg, J. W. Prendergast, Mrs. M. J. Porter, J. B. Petrie, L. A. Pimdwille, A. J. Pichham, F. A. Panebla, E. Parro, S. S. C. Partello, S. J. Peterson, C. T. Pit- kin, F . E . Percy, Miss A . D . Plaister, J . Prendergast, J. F. Propper, D. W. Quirk, T. J. Quinn, M. Quinlan, A. S. Reynolds, E. Reilly, Mrs. K. Runger, E. P. Rjan, J. J. Reordan, M. N. Richards, L. D. Ripley, J. H. Rees, E. J. Rook, S. Rutter, P. K. Ryan, W. N. Reynolds, H. 0. Reiley, T. J. Reedy, 0. A. Ruthenberg, Jr., J. Ryan, T. M. Riordan, J. H. Rea, N. C. Reidy, R. E. Raleigh, F. Ryan, E. Rose, Miss L. H. Rea, A. D. Rueg- FEDERAL OFFICERS. 287 ger, J. Began, A. Reardon, C. S. Squires, A. H. Swan, G. L. Schneler, E. J. Sanders, E. A. Stridiron, E. F. Stoetzel, F. Sherman, W. Sproehnle, M. Slosser, J. P. Stewart, Miss F. Smith, C. A. Story, J. L. Schonton, T. F. Scully, 0. C. Samer, J. T. Scanlan, L. A. Stave, F. Schoenwald, E. Sheehy, G. H. Seery, K. C. Samuel, A. T. Sherman, S. P. Stiles, W. H. Sabin, H. A. Saw- yer, 0. Stimming, T. B. Sconton, L. Stross, K Scherf- fins, J. J. Smith, H. Seyforth, Miss M. A. Sears, P. J. Sweeney, W. S. Snorf, W. H. Shenton, J. B. Sehloss- man, J. J. Schlesinger, J. L. Sullivan, W. M. Sullivan, H. C. Scherenemann, Mrs. C. E. Sutherland, W. R. Stiles, T. E. Scullen, H. C. Swale, W. J. Smith, J. A. Sand, J. B. Sheil, F. J. Sweeney, J. Shannon, R. E. Skelly, H. W. Slenger, C. Schaefen, Jr., Miss I. Schiff, R. L. Thompson, J. A. Thomson, E. L. Taylor, 0. Tischer, C. Thelen, W. M. Tureman, T. J. Thompson, Miss M. Tipton, P. Terlin, MissM. A. Taylor, H. G. Trotter, J. E. Vreeland, L. Voss, C. G. Warnecke, J. Weisbucher, W. J. Watt, A. Wier, T. Wixted, W. R. Woolley, J. W. Williams, J. W. Wallace, H. H. Welch, J. K. Watson, A. G. Wainwright, E. H. Wheaton, A. Wilson, J. T. Wray, W. A. Week, G. F. Wiedinger, J. B. Wilson, J. G. Wiedeman, W. A. Webber, S. E. Web- ber, H. Welch, Jr., G. W. Weber, W. Walsh, A. Wands, R. A. D. Wilbanks, W. B. Wood, W. H. Warder, W. E. Young, A. S. Young. The following are the names of letter carriers: R. H. An- drews, James Anderson, Rudolph Albrecht, J. P. J. Atkin, G. Appelt, Louis A. Berg, S. Buttsback, Daniel Bahler, Paul Breither, E. H. Brackett, F. A. Blatherwick, John S. Beston, Charles Bock, Michael Breen, W. P. Black, M. Frank Butler, Thomas J. Brown, George R. Bent, John Badershaw, William Burk, John Bell, Henry C. Barlow, George J. Bader, Henry D. Buechel, Henry P. Barnum, 288 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. John Britz, James Brown, James Burke, George W. Bor- man, Stephen D. Beach, Patrick J. Barrett, William Beek- mann, Thomas Buckley, Charles Boland, John Bowler, John Carey, L. Collins, Lawrence Coogan, Nelson J. Crona, F. G. Crowell, James Caulfield, P. L. Collins, John K. Clowry, Eobert 0. Crawford, Stephen Carmody, George W. Cook, W. A. Colson, T. T. Chamberlain, D. D. Cad- wallader, Michael Connors, John H. Coughlin, Alexander B. Crawford, J. M. Crawford, Charles Colstad, John J. Carmichael, C. C. Cristopherson, Charles R. Cowan, Daniel Coughlan, James Campion, William Croak, Edward J. Curran, William F. Culloton, William F. Campbell, Charles A . Closson, Terance Cairns, Edward Delaney, D . W. Dempsey, Herman Dahl, Michael Daly, Frederick Dippe, John W. Davis, J. J. Donahue, John Dobler, Adolph Dryfus, Charles E. Doyle, H. A. Duncan, H. A. Dahl, H . M . Danforth, Charles F . Dorland, Brian Daley, Fenton J. Delaney, Edward Deveraeux, Olaf M. Dahl, A. F. Eschert, George M. Edmondson, Jacob T. Escher, Mark S. Eldridge, Fred G. Edwards, S. W. H. Eldridge, James I. Ewers, Joseph B. Field, Charles H Foley, Thomas J. Foley, J. P. Fyfe, James Fitzgerald, Oliver P. Ford, John Fitzgerald, W. G. Fischer, A. C. Fisher, George H. Foster, John Fitzgerald, Daniel Foley, Henry C. Freer, James Foley, C. 0. Froehde, William J. Farrell, Bernard J. Ford, Patrick J. Flannery, John P. Fries, E. F. Gibbs, H. F. Goetz, R. K. Gowanlock, Albert E. Garnett, Conrad Graw, Charles Gau, David J. Geary, Thomas Galbraith, Bright Gruda, John Grass, W. F. Gressang, Otto Gentzcke, August J. Golonski, James Griffin, F. F. Gilbert, W. J. Gibbons, John J. Gavigan, John J. Grady, Frank F. Guth- rie, John B. Gay, Thomas M. Heaney, W. B. Howe, John B. Hubbard, Fred Hartwick, Henry Hildebrecht, J. R. Howe, J. C. Hazen, A. C. Hall, Morgan M. Healy, A. S. Hayward, W. A. Hammond, J. M. Hopper, William H. FEDERAL OFFICERS. 289 Hogan, Sidney Houghton, K. P. Hogan, M. C. Hayes, John J. Hanrahan, Dennis Hogan, Peter J. Hanton, William Hannan, William II. Horstman, John A. Hendernson, John R. Healey, James O'Hoey, Robert A. Hart, Thomas Hennegan, Garrett Irwin, John M. Ingraham, John Jacob- son, A. D. Jones, Ole A. Jentoft, Ed Jennnings, Alurid D. Jones, James D. Jones, Richard J. Kehoe, Conrad Klein, Theodore Kramer, Fred Kleeman, B. F. Kay, Thomas Kennedy, John C. Keulzow, R. J. Kroff, Louis N. Kurt, Stephen Kolstad, Rudolph Krouse, Peter B. Klein, Mathew Kehrig, Harris S. Kessel, E. J. Kolberg, William Krelle, Patrick Keogh, Lawrence Kane, Charles W. Kuhn, Gustav Kuehn, Rollin E. King, H. Koschrneider, John P. Kindelin, T. M. Lynch, Michael H. Lyons, Charles F. Lindau, August Liverman, Thomas Larson, John A. Langan, J. H. Loser, E. F. Lapham, P. C. Larson, Patrick Leahy, Simon Lenow, A. Leesberg, James Lynch, Lyman Leist, S. A. Lee, Richard J. Laynam, John F. Lavin, David M. Lacy, John A. Mc- Donald, Stephen McGrath, John F. McGrew, John B. Mears, George C. Miller, James H. Moore, James W. Morrison, P. J. Murphy, Archie McLeod, Leonard Miller, John McCaffrey, Charles R. McClure, Norman A. Maeder, J. E. Morris, Thomas J. Maroney, John A. Meeker, Albert C. Mehlhorn, Charles H. Mertens, Henry C. Moran, Geo. J. Myer, James Melia, F . J. Merritt, L. G. Merrill, John B. Matlock, James E. Manning, John B. Manning, James H. McGee, Hugh Murray, Thomas F. Mortimer, John J. Martin, William Madden, Michael Manion, John J. McGuire, Thomas McCarthy, John A. Maloney, Francis J . McDonnell, Frank J. Nelligan, S. Nelson, R. H. Nelson, Herman A. Naper, H. Numberger, A. H. Noble, James E. Nolan, M. J. Nolan, William C. Northrop, Mi- chael O'Brien, Peter J. O'Connor, Thomas O'Neill, A. C. Ormsby, Charles A. Olander, Michael O'Connor, Samuel 19 290 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. H. Osborne, W. F. O'Brien, Eichard N. O'Brien, James H. O'Brien, Thomas O'Brien, Peter O'Brien, James P. Padden, J. V. A. Proudfoot, Conrad A. Peterson, Conis C. Populorum, F. S. Parker, William G. Peters, Andrew Quaid, Thomas J. Quinu, William Quinlan, William Quin- lisk, J. J. Redmond, Watson Rich, A. W. Roche, Thomas Roney, J. M. Roy, S. W. Rush, W. J. Ryan, N. P. Ras- mussen, Emil Renich, Nelson Roney, Charles Rapp, Daniel Raleigh, F. C. Reinhardt, James B. Raymond, Bartholo- mew W. Russell, Timothy Ryan, Thomas Reath, Joseph J. Ryan, Mathew Rankin, Robert R. Sampson, Jacob S. Stahl, Charles H . Swift, Herman Schuman, C. M. Stover, James Stewart, Charles Stephens, James Stott, Thomas P. Smith, Frederick Schroder, Valentine Steele, F. A. Smith, A. A. Sheldon, John H. Syme, Charles J. Schoreek, Thomas H. Smith, Moritz Schwein, Henry Sumner, Henry H. Smith, J. W. Schuldt, William Schafer, Charles Schlieckert, M. D. Sweig, A. Seefurth, M. H. Stephens, J. J. Simmons, Charles Schoenthaler, Joachin R. Stolt, John H. Siegmiller, Owen Sheridan, Philip Schmidt, Fred- erick S . Seller, Chester Tracey, Thomas Telf er, Swan Tur- rell, Nels Turrell, F. J. Trautman, George A. Taylor, Walter Tallman, W. F. Tormochlen, George E. Thomas, Ernest VanDanden, Max Valequet, C. M. White, C. A. Wood- ford, J. P. Winner, J. W. Woodruff, C. E. Williams, Joseph Waska, Eugene H. Waite, Thomas M. Wiltsie, Charles L. Wier, Charles G. Wahlgren, Frank Wingierski, W. H. Wilson, E. P. Wright, Swan A. Warn, W. H. Wines, Cyrus S. Wilcox, William C. Wait, John M. Williams, L. B. Willden, Philip J. Walsh, F. J. H. Wich- man, John P. Wade, Theodore Zech, Ferdinand Zahn, Anton Zaycicik. J. HOWARD JONES. This gentleman is the Superintendent of the postal service in the West Division at headquarters, corner o.f Halsted FEDERAL OFFICERS. 291 and Washington streets. He was born in Pike County December 23, 1836, and came to Chicago, October 1, 1868. He has resided here since . He was agent for the North- western and California Associated Press, and served sub- sequently as the local agent for the Western Associated Press, which position he held until 1876. For six years he was Chief Clerk in the office of the Chief Inspector of Grain and became a member of the Board of Trade. He was appointed to his present position July 16, 1885. P. R. FORREST. The accomplished Cashier of the Postal Department was born in the city of Cork, Ireland, March 18, 1826, and is the junior brother of the well known literateur Joseph K. C. Forrest. His father was for thirty years director of one of the largest mercantile firms in Cork; his uncle, Phillip Eyder was for thirty years Comptroller of Customs; his first cousin, P. R. Tivy is married to a sister of Sir Thomas Lyons, formerly Mayor and Member of Parliament for Cork, and his brother, John R. is a son-in-law of James Lane, formerly Mayor. In July, 1840, our subject came to Chicago in the days of the Tippecanoe campaign. A long and useful ex- perience in the most responsible positions of banking insti- tutions followed and thoroughly qualified him for his present position. He was identified with the banking houses of Forrest Bros., & Co.; Isaac H. Burch & Co.; E. I. Tinkham & Co., and was cashier for the Merchant's National when it went into litigation. From 1855 to 1857 he was Secretary of the Water Department of Public Works. THEODORE F. SWAIN. The genial Superintendent of the Money Order Division of the postoffice was born in 1830 in Hodam, Conn. At the age of fifteen he left the Brainard Academy to go to 292 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. school no more. He yet taught school forthwith in Waukegan, 111., and was a much respected pedagogue when twenty-one. He now entered the dry goods business and subsequently in Muskegon dabbled in the lumber trade. Coming to Chicago he entered the Recorder's office under William L. Church, but soon accepted the cashiership in the Internal Revenue office, rising after- ward to the position of Chief Deputy. In January, 1871 he became a manufacturer of fine soaps; but while there is life there is hope, the soap business proved profitless to him. He now became a broker with an office in the Tribune Building. Subsequently he took his present position . PATRICK M. CLOWRY. The Superintendent of the Registry Department of the postoffice was born in Carlow, Ireland, December 26, 1832. In 1850 his family came to Chicago, and he went to work at once for Satterly, Cook & Co., grocers, corner State and Lake streets. ' After three years he went to work for J. H. Gray, in the same business. He then learned the harness trade, and followed it up to 1858, when he entered the postoffice. In 1863 he had climbed the ladder of pro- motion as high as the foremanship of the general delivery. He was appointed the First Superintendent of Carriers by John L. Scripps, and held it for nine years. In 1873 Gen. McArthur made him Superintendent of the General De- livery. After two years he was appointed Assistant Super- intendent of Carriers, and succeeded Mr. Hubbard as Superintendent in 1881. In October, 1882, he was ap- pointed Superintendent of the Registry Department. OTHER COUNTY EMPLOYES. MICHAEL W. RYAN. The County Clerk of Cook county was born in Limer- ick, Ireland, in 1847, and is the youngest of ten children, two girls and eight boys. Having attended the parish school in Cappamore, he graduated at the head of a class of thirty-two students, in mathematics and classics, in the Jesuit college in Limerick. He came to Chicago in 1866, and became a contractor with his brother, D. W. Ryan, now deceased. A dry goods experience succeeded. In 1875 he entered the Recorder's office under James Stewart. He was an attache later on of the County Clerk's office, and also of the Probate Court Clerk's office. While in the latter situation, he was nominated by the Democrats and was elected West Town Collector, furnishing a bond in the sum of $5,000,000. In 1882 he was elected County Clerk. In the spring of 1884 Mr. Ryan married Miss Mamie Cochrane, daughter of the late John Cochrane, so promi- nently identified in real estate transactions, and a graduate of St. Mary's Institute at South Bend, Indiana. WILLIAM KIRBY. The invaluable chief clerk in the office of County Clerk Ryan, of Cook County, was born in Hospital, Limerick county, Ireland, in 1849. He was there educated, com- pleting a course of classics. In 1870, under a sudden im- pulse, he left his native place and came to Troy, New York, and obtained employment in a grocery and meat market. In 1871 he came to Chicago, and was engaged by Thomas Wall in the grocery business. He subsequently 293 r > 294 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. conducted business for ex-alderman Thomas Carney, of the seventeenth ward. He was the proprietor of a nourishing meat market, corner of Ada street and Austin avenue, when invited to a position in the office of the County Clerk. He had charge of the vaults at first, and rapidly rose to his present position. EMIL HOECHSTEK. The Chief Clerk of the County Court was born in Frank- fort-on-the-Main June 1, 1836, and came to this country in 1854. After two years spent in New York he went to Cincinnati, where he pursued for some time a successful career in tragedy. In 1858 his political experience began when he took an active part in the Blair campaign in Missouri. He subsequently edited the Westliche Post, of which Carl Schurz was the chief in St. Louis. In 1860 he entered the war as a First Lieutenant in the Twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry, Hecker's regiment, and was afterward As- sistant Provost-Marshal in St. Louis. In 1865 he came to Chicago and was local editor of the Illinois Staats Zeitung from 1866 to 1868. Appointed consul to Germany, he raised over 89,000 for the sufferers in the great Chicago fire. In 1875 he returned to Chicago, worked hard for Tilden in 1876, became Deputy Sheriff under Messrs. Agnew and Kern, managed the German theater at McVicker's for a time, and finally became Chief Clerk of the County Court. He is an invaluable official. P. C. T. BREEN. This gentleman was born in 1846 in Tralee, Kerry county, Ireland. Leaving the English schools at the age of fourteen, he entered St. Brendon's College, and studied six years for the priesthood. In 1866 he came to America, and soon enlisted in the ordnance department at Washing- ton, and was present at the entombment of the body said to have been that of Booth, the assassin of Presi- dent Lincoln. But Mr. Breen firmly believes that the COUNTY EMPLOYES. 295 remains buried in the old penitentiary yard at Washington were not those of Booth. He and none of the other offi- cers were allowed to look upon the face of the corpse in the coffin; and our subject, like many others, thinks that Booth is still alive. In 1869 he proceeded to St. Louis and taught school for a time. In 1872 he came to Chicago and went on the Fire Department, where he had charge of the supplies, and was afterwards promoted by Marshal Benner. Mr. Breen is the author of "Hugh O'Neill's Wars With Elizabeth/*' and other Irish effusions. He entered the County Clerk's office in 1882 with Mr. Ryan. The following are the names of the employes of the County Clerk's office : Luke Agnew, George Appleton, John Aul, Tim Bourke, Thomas Breen, J. R. Bailey, H. J. Becker, John C. Cul- len, D. V. Connelly, John Cochrane, C. J. Coffey, P. M. Donnellau, John F. Doran, John A. Evans, N. J. Fitz- simmons, James Gleeson, Charles Hoya, Maurice Healey, William A. Hoyne, M. M. Hayes, E. Klehm, Albert Ley- den, E. Lewis, J. W. McMally, Day McCarthy, R. T. McDonough, AV. H. Murphy, Thomas Mulvihill, E. T. Noble, T. A. Noonan, W. C. Niehoff, John O'Laughlin, John O'Brien, M. J. O'Brien, P. O'Brien, John O'Shay, B. M. Payne, John Prenclergrast, Robert Prendergrast, James Ryan, William Ryan, Robert Strickland, J. B. Shiels, William Sweeney, R. P. Sullivan, F. T. Sullivan, James A. Taylor, T. C. Hickey, John Walsh, J. B. Crow- ley, M. J. Baldwin, Thomas Tighie, Charles Helnan, James E. Murray, P. N. Hoffman, James Rafferty, Will- iam Kirby, H. McGurren, Thomas Dwyer, F. McNally, H. Biehl, M: Salmonson, P. C. T. Breen, P. J. Moloney, M. D. Duhig, J. D. Shiels, C. S. Cameron, William O'Hayer, A. J. McGurren, E. Hoechster, J. Moloney, E. M. Bar- nard, J. H. Fitch, T. F. Bailey, D. W. McCarthy. 296 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. WILLLAM C. SEIPP. Among the foremost successful young men of the age, William C. Seipp, the County Treasurer of Cook County, stands preeminent. At the age of twenty-eight, William C. Seipp was chosen by the great Chicago public with an overwhelming voice to hold in trust for them moneys exceeding the formidable figure of twelve million ($12,000,000) dollars. He was elected to the most respon- sible position of City Treasurer in April, 1879, on the Democratic ticket, and ran far ahead of everybody else. In his election, party or nationalistic distinctions seemed to take no part whatever. He was elected to his present position on the Democratic ticket,. and while a Republican Sheriff was elected, he made a historical run. This was in the fall of 1882. Mr. Seipp is the son of Conrad Seipp, the celebrated brewer, and was born in Chicago, where the Chicago Times now stands, January 4, 1851. His early education was obtained in the Chicago University, whence he was sent to Mount Pleasant Military Academy in New York ; leaving the Chicago University as a freshman. Having graduated he returned to his native city, and at the age of 1 8 entered the law office of Kosenthal, Pence & Co. After two years' legal study he was engaged by his father to assist him in his business, which was rapidly assuming gigantic proportions. The great brewery was established in 1856, and turns out today, it is estimated, almost half a million barrels per year, More than 150 men are em- ployed in the establishment. In 1876, when the institu- tion became a stock concern, William C. Seipp was elected Secretary and Treasurer. In 1878 he was made Vice- President, Mr. T. J. Lefens succeeding him as Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Seipp married in the fall of 1874, and his domestic life is a very happy one. COUNTY EMPLOYES. 29 T THOMAS BRENAN. Thomas Brenan, as is well known, is the Assistant Treasurer of Cook county, and is recognized by men of all parties as the most competent man by far who ever handled the public moneys in his position. Mr. Brenan's family came to Chicago as early as 1848, locating in the vicinity of Lake street and Wabash avenue. When very young, our subject entered the hardware store of James & Springer. He then became a clerk in the employ of Brown & Tuttle, proprietors of the Sherman House, which was then a four story brick on the present site. He then connected himself with the brewery of James Kearney, and when the institu- tion passed into the hands of John O'Neill, he went into his employ. In 1855 he went into the wholesale liquor business for himself. In 1801 he enlisted in the Twenty- third Illinois, as Second Lieutenant, and was assigned to the quartermaster's department. After the battle of Win- chester and the death of Gen. Mulligan he was mustered out. In 1869 when W. J. Onahan was elected City Collec- tor, Mr. Brenan saw his first political experience, enter- ing the office as cashier. When "Honest Dan"0'Hara was elected City Treasurer he became assistant, and served under Treasurers Briggs, Seipp and Brand thereafter. SETH F. HANCIIETT. The Sheriff of Cook County was born near Mayville, Chautauqua county, N. Y., April 30, 1842, and is of English descent. In this country their origin is traced to an officer of the revolution who settled in the valley of the Mohawk, and was killed by the Indians. In 1856 he came alone to Chicago, first finding employment with the North Chicago city railway company. In 1861 he enlisted in the Ninth Illinois Cavalry, having raised a company for Bell's Cavalry, which was not accepted, the quota of the regi- ment being full. After arduous service in Missouri, Ar- 298 THE POLITICAL HISTOBY OF CHICAGO. kanas and Mississippi, he contracted the southern fever in the marshes, and was sent to St. Louis hospital, and thence home to Chicago, where he recovered. In 1863 he ree'n- lisied in the Fifteenth New York cavalry, serving under Franz Sigel in West Virginia, and under General Hunter in the battle of Lynchburg. In 1864 his regiment en- tered Ouster's division, and hard fighting at once com- menced. He fought in all the cavalry engagements up to the battle of "Five Forks," where he was struck by a piece of shell and maimed for life. In a desperate charge he left his arm upon the field. After hospital treatment he was discharged and returned to Chicago. He worked one year in the commission house of Hanchett, Angle & Cook, when he was appointed Superintendent of the Sol- diers' Home. On July 1, 1867, he resigned, and was ap- pointed to a position in the Sheriff 's office as bailiff under General John L. Beveridge. He was first placed in the County Court under Judges Bradwell and Wallace, and served under Sheriffs Beveridge, Fisher, Cleaves, Bradley and Agnew. When Charles Kern was elected Sheriff he joined hands with his present chief clerk, W. H. Gleason, in the collecting agency. In 1877 he was elected Clerk of the Probate Court, and filled it up to his election of Sher- iff. Mr. Hanchett is a member of the Grand Army of tne Eepublic, the Union Veteran Club, Treasurer of the Vet- eran Union League, a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is very prominent in social circles generally. CANUTE R. MATSON. Chief Deputy Sheriff Matson was born in Norway, in 1843, and in 1848 the family came to this country, locat- ing in Wallworth county, but shortly settling in Dane county. He here attended the Albion Academy, and sub- sequently Milton College, where he was a student when the war of the Rebellion broke out. He enlisted in Com- COUNTY EMPLOYES. 299 pany K, 13th Wisconsin Infantry as a private ; and when mustered out was Regimental Quartermaster. He was pro- moted Commissary Sergeant and First Lieutenant in 1863. When he left the service he came to Chicago, and while attending a commercial college he secured a position in the postoffice, publishing the Postal Record, the official paper of the- department in the meantime. In 1868 he was elected Clerk of the Police Court, and was reflected in 1871. In 1875 he was appointed Justice of the Peace, and was reappointed in 1879. In 1878 he was admitted to the practice of law. He served one term as Coroner, after proving the second strongest candidate in the republican convention for the high office of Sheriff of Cook county. While he is probably tire foremost leader of the Scandina- vian element he is universally popular. WILLIAM K. M'ALLISTEE. William K. McAllister, one of the representatives of the Circuit bench and one of the Judges of the Appellate Court was born at Salem, Washington County, New York, in 1818. At the age of eighteen he entered college and com- menced studying law in Wayne County when twenty-one, and concluded in Yates County. He was admitted to the bar and removed to Albion, where he practiced his profes- sion for ten years. In 1854 he came to Chicago and in 1866 was nominated for Judge of the Superior Court, but was de- feated by Judge Jameson. Two years later he was elected Judge of the Recorder's Court, and in 1870 was elevated to the Supreme bench. Business compelled him to resign in 1873, but he was subsequently elected to his present office. JOHN G. ROGEKS. John G. Rogers, one of the Judges of the Circuit Court, first saw the light of day at Glasgow, Kentucky, December 28, 1818. He graduated as Bachelor of Arts from the Transylvania law school in 1841. He came to Chicago in 300 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 1857, and practised law until July, 1870, when he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court. In 1873 he was re- elected, and again in 1879. He was elected the last time by both parties. LORIN C. COLLINS, JR. This affable member of the Circuit Court judiciary, was born in Winson, Connecticut, in 1848, In 1852 his family removed to St. Paul, Minnesota, and here the sub- ject of this sketch received his early training. In 1868 he entered the Northwestern University at Evanston; in 1872 was created Bachelor of Arts, and in 1874 Master of Arts. In this year he was admitted to the bar. His prominence as a lawyer led to his selection as a Eepesentative, and a reelection, which resulted in his being chosen as Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives. He was elected to his present office by both parties. KICHARD PRENDERGAST. The subject of this sketch, one of the judges of the County Court, is the youngest man now on the bench, being only thirty-one years of age. He was born on the Emerald Isle in 1854. His father came to America in 1864, and settled in La Salle, 111. At the age of twelve he worked in a store and supported himself. In 1872 he attended college at Montreal, and subsequently at St. Ignatius College, at Chicago. The full course is seven years or eight years, but the Judge graduated second in one year in the eight-year class. In 1876 he entered Judge Moran's office with the degree of A. B. He attended the Union College of Law and graduated in 1878, winning the first prize for best essay on law. In 1882 he was elected Judge of the County Court, when only twenty- eight years of age. JOSHUA C. KNICKERBOCKER. Judge Knickerbocker was born in Gallatin, Columbia county, N. Y., September 26, 1837. He taught school COUNTY EMPLOYES. 301 from 1856 to 1859, and in 1860 came to Chicago. Here he devoted his time to the study of law, and in 1862 was admittted to practice. In 1864 he was Supervisor, and in 1865, while a member of the State Board of Education, was elected Alderman for the first ward, and reflected in 1867. Eetiring temporarily from political life, he was a partner with his brother, John J. Knickerbocker, for one year. In 1868 he was elected Eepresentative to the Twenty- sixth General Assembly, and in 1869 Avas nominated by ac- clamation for County Judge, but was defeated. In 1877 he was elected Judge of the Probate Court, and in 1882 reflected. In 1886 he was nominated on every ticket in the field. ROLLIN S. WILLIAMSON. The courtesy of this gentleman on the bench of the Superior Court of Cook county has won for him the high- est regard of not only the members of the bar, but of the community at large. Malefactors at the bar of the Crim- inal Court where Judge Williamson has occasion to preside at times, have been known to be made better men by his merciful instincts. He was born May 23, 1839, in Cornwall, Addison county, Vermont, and to close and persevering study can be attrib- uted his lofty position in the judiciary. ELLIOTT ANTHONY. Judge Anthony of the Superior Court became best known to Chicagoans as Corporation Counsel. He filled this position twice. He is of Quaker extraction, and was born June 10, 1827. He assumed the judgeship in 1880. JOSEPH E. GARY. One of the most affable judges on the bench, Joseph E Gary, was born in Potsdam, N. Y., July 9, 1821. He is a thoroughly self-made man, having acquired his legal experience unaided by any tutor save an occasional author- 302 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ity in the shape of a book or communicative lawyer he might happen on struggling through his early life. He came to Chicago in 1856, and as far back as that he is remembered in connection with our courts. He was a prominent member of the profession in 1863. He sen- tenced the Anarchists. M. F. TULEY. M. F. Tuley, one of the oldest members of the Circuit judiciary, was born in Louisville, Kentucky, March 4, 1827. He entered a store as clerk when thirteen, and studied law during his leisure hours. In 1847 he came to Chicago, and was admitted to the bar. When the Mexican war broke out he enlisted in the Fifth Illinois and fought with that gallant regiment throughout the war. Soon after the close of the war he settled in Sante Fe, New Mexico. For two years he was Attorney General of the ter- ritory and from 1853 to 1854 he was in the legislature. In 1854 he came to Chicago and commenced the practice of law in partnership with Joseph E. Gary. In 1869 he was appointed Corporation Counsel. In 1879 he was elected to the circuit bench. JULIUS S. GRnOTELL. The States Attorney for Cook county was born in Mas- sena, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., in 1842, and is the son of Dr . A . H . Grinnell, of New Haven, Vermont, a member of the family after whom the town of Grinelle in France was christened . Of French- Welch nationality, the family came to this country from Wales and settled in New York, Connecticut and Vermont. From this last named branch the subject of this sketch is descended. Prepared for college in Potsdam Academy, St . Lawrence county, N. Y., he entered Middlebury, Vermont college in 1862 and graduated in the fall of 1866 with brilliant honors. He now entered the office of Hon. William C. COUNTY EMPLOYES. 303 Brown in Ogdensburg, and was admitted to practice in 1868. After practicing two years he became the Professor of the Ogdensburg Academy and won many laurels . In 1870 he came to Chicago, and was pushing a most promis- ing practice in 1879, when he was elected, although a Dem- ocrat, City Attorney for a Republican city. In 1881 he was renominated and reflected by a very large majority, running but a few votes behind Mayor Harrison. In the fall of 1884 he was elected States Attorney, re- ceiving a most remarkable vote. He was the only Demo- crat elected in the county. His career up to date has been a brilliant one, being indorsed by press and public. Upon his advent into office he immediately appointed the rising young lawyer Frank Walker his first assistant, and retained George Baker, the indefatigable presenter of cases to the grand jury. George was formerly a reporter for the Chi- cago press, and did invaluable service under States Attorney Mills, Mr. GrinnelFs predecessor and gifted orator. JOHN J. HEALY. The Clerk of the Appellate Court, John J. Healy, is a veteran public servant, and is probably one of the best versed politicians in the Republican ranks. He stands very high in their councils. Mr. Healy was born in Ireland July 3, 1843, and since 1849 has been a resident of Chicago. He was a student at Notre Dame, Indiana, and his first busi- ness was at the lumber trade. When the war broke out he joined the Twenty-third Illinois Volunteers. He fought with his regiment at the battles of Lexington, Kenton, Bunker Hill and Winchester. At the latter battle Mr. Healy was severely wounded the day on which the gallant Colonel Mulligan lost his life. At the close of the war he was Adjutant-general of the draft rendezvous of this state. Mr. Healy was in the Recorder's office under "Jim" Stewart and in 1875 was elected clerk of the Superior 304 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. Court. In 1884 he was elected Clerk of the Appellate Court. PATRICK M'GRATH. The clerk of the Superior Court of Cook county was born in Ballynahinch, County Down, Ireland, May 13, 1839 and came to America in 1847. Having attended a commercial school at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, he joined the Seventh Wisconsin Infantry in the fall of 1861 and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant. He engaged in all the battles in which his regiment participated, among which may be mentioned the battles of Corinth, Farrington, the expedition to Purdy, Tennessee, and in fact every engage- ment through the central Mississippi. He was detailed to preserve communications with Col. Murphy when the latter surrendered to General Van Dorn, thereby frustrat- ing Grant's original plan of the capture of Vicksburg. At Lake Providence he was promoted First Lieutenant for gal- lantry, and subsequently was detailed in command of a select corps of sharp-shooters, which he commanded in front of Ransom's brigade during the memorable siege on the works of Vicksburg. July 12 his brigade captured Natches after a gallant fight, and here he was assigned to command Company E as mounted infantry. He made several raids and excursions through the Mississippi and Louisiana, cap- turing Fort Beauregard. His regiment joined Sherman in April and accompanied him during his march to the sea. He was mustered out January 15, 1865, and came to Chi- cago in May, 1865. After working at the old Galena depot and for the Board of Public works, he was appointed County Agent. In the fall of 1884 he was elected Clerk of the Superior Court. THOMAS W. SENNOTT. The clerk of the Probate Court of Cook county was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and is about thirty-three years of COUNTY EMPLOYES. 305 age. His parents hail from Wexford County, Ireland. He is a carriage maker by trade. In 1879 he occupied a re- sponsible position with the North- Western Nail Company, and resigned when appointed a Deputy Sheriff under Hoff- man. He subsequently resigned under General Mann to run in 1882 for his present position. He ran very far ahead of his ticket . HENRY BEST. This gentleman is the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Cook county. He was born in the " Patch", foot of Thir- teenth street, in Chicago, December 22, 1848, and is the son of Mathias Best, the first brewer in Chicago, and who now stands at the head of the brewing fraternity. His first experience in business was as a grocer. Gradually, how- ever, he drifted into politics. He served two terms as a constable under Justice Haines. Sheriff Hoffman appointed him a deputy and he was reappointed under Sheriff Han- chett. He was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court in the fall of 1884. JOHN STEPHENS. The Clerk of the Criminal Court was born in Albany, New York, in 1839, and is of German decent. He has been repeatedly, elected by extraordinary majorities. His family settled in Chicago as early as 1844. Mr. Stephens was first employed in the furniture store of Thomas Manahan, 205 Lake street, and subsequently became a property man in one of the old time theaters. The sock and buskin en- gross his leisure hours today. At the out break of the war sham battles lost their interest for Mr. Stephens and join- ing the Nineteenth Illinois, the blank cartridges of the stage were forgotten when two grape shots carried away his left foot in the battle of Chickamauga, and he was made a prisoner for fifteen days. While a sergeant he yet com- manded Company K at Stone Eiver. He was in the Regis- try department of the postoffice when elected coroner. 20 306 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGfO. Principal Deputy, James M. Doyle; Chief Clerk, Chris- topher Mamer; Court Eecord Writer, James G. Hamilton; General Record Writer, George R. Rockfeller; Fee and Process Clerk, Henry F. Stephens; Court Clerk, Jethro W. Getman; Platter and Office Clerk, Felix V. Buschick; Cashier and Quasi-Criminal Record Writer, William S. Powell; Office Clerks, Robert Mitchell, Joseph W. Sexton, Harry S. Ryce. CHRISTOPHER MAMER. Christopher Mamer, Record-writer in the office of the Clerk of the Criminal Court was in the State Senate of" Illinois while only twenty-nine. In the very first session he reached a prominence vouchsafed to but few of his associates. He was born in Siebenborn, in the county of Kapele, Luxembourg, in 1852, and in 1854 the family made Chicago its home. Up to the age of twelve he at- tended a public school, and was subsequently placed in the college of St . Mary's of the Lake, where he graduated with high honor in 1864. Two years experience in the Illinois School of Trade completed his scholastic ordeal. He then served his apprenticeship to the jewelry .trade for five years. After the great fire of 1871 he became a dis- tributor of alms to the worthy poor for the Relief and Aid Society. After a few months he retired to become' custodian of funds sent to Chicago by his uncle in Wis- consin to help rebuild the cremated city of Chicago . In> May, 1880, he entered the office of Clerk of the Criminal Court as a record-writer. Senator Mamer's first experience in politics was in 1874, when his activity as a Republican in the very in- most recesses df the Democratic stronghold at once estab- lished him in the good graces of his party . In a very brief time he was rewarded with the position of Secretary of the Cook County Republican Central Committee . He held this for four years. In November, 1880, his party COUNTY EMPLOYES. 307 elected him a State Senator. Among other measures he has distinguished himself in the railroad and warehouse investigation in the effort to reduce the Pullman sleeping car rates, and in the discussion on the bill to define the right of may of railroads the passage of which Mr. Mamer claimed would obtain a revenue sufficient to run the whole city government. M. L. COFFEEN. The Chief Clerk of the Superior Court is Milo Lester Coffeen. He was born in Antwerp, Jefferson county, N. Y., Dec. 20, 1850. In 1860 the family came to Chi- cago. In 1871 Mr. Coffeen entered the Superior Court, and by his industry and strict attention to business secured his present responsible position. HENRY C. STEWART. One of the nimblest clerks in the Superior Court, and one of the best looking, is Henry C. Stewart, better known around the county building as "Hank." He is a brother of poor "Jim'* Stewart, now dead, who was at one time Recorder of Cook county. Poor "Jim " was generous to a fault, and no man's misery ever escaped him unheeded. He lifted a burden from many a sore heart in his day. Henry Stewart was born in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1848, and came to Chicago with his parents in 1850. Schooled in Rockford, 111., he had just learned the baker business when he received an appointment in the postoffice. In 1872 he entered the office of his brother, the Recorder. In 1876 he was placed in his present position. On Feb. 7, 1877, he married Miss Mary E. Harris, the daughter of Ex-County Commissioner Harris. JAMES J. HEALY. This gentleman is one of the Deputy Clerks of the Su- perior Court and is recognized at once by his military car- riage. He was born March 6, 1848, in county Kerry, Ire- 308 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. land, whence after his father's death and when our sub- ject was twelve years of age, the family came to America. He was educated in St. Mary's of the Lake under the guardianship of Dr. McMullen, and subsequently attended Notre Dame. He was working for his uncle doing busi- ness under the firm name of Colin & O'Brien when the war commenced. His passion for military life made him a soldier at the age of fifteen. He enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-second Volunteer Infantry in Com- pany G. He served one year and three months in the regiment when he was mustered out, October 17, 1864, having participated with high honor at Shiloh and other notable battles. He immediately reenlisted in the regular army in the Thirty-second United States In- fantry, and was promoted to the rank of first Sergeant. He was mustered out at Camp Verde, Arizona Territory, under general order No. 31, paragraph H., dated San Francisco, May 12, 1869. He returned to Chicago, and his military experience ob- tained him the position under Mark Sheridan as drill- master of the police force. He served for two years and then entered the postoffice in the registry department. When his brother was elected Clerk of the Superior Court he was appointed to his present office. Mr. Healy has always been a consistent Republican, and has done much to aid that party. WILEY S. SCRIBNER. Wiley Smith Scribner, Recorder for Cook County, better known as Colonel Scribner, was born in Jacksonville, 111., in 1840. When a year old his father died, and when eight years old his mother remarried and removed to Jamestown, Grant County, Wis., where Wiley was placed in the dis- trict school. 1859 he went, with others, to Colorado, where up to 1860 he was engaged in mining. In this year COUNTY EMPLOYES. 309 he connected himself with a variety firm in Boscobel, Wis. When the war broke out, in company with a lawyer named Merrick, in Grant county, he started a company for the three months' service, under the call for 75,000 men but the quota of the state had been previously filled. Dis- banding, he entered Company I, of the Sixteenth Wiscon- sin Infantry in 1861, and participated in the hard fought battles of the West, receiving three wounds. He fought at Shiloh, Corinth, luka, Vicksburg, the campaign and capture of Atlanta, the march to the sea, and was mus- tered out in 1865. He served on Gen. Charles Swing's staff in the march to the sea, retiring as First Lieutenant. He then reentered the grocery and dry goods business in Grant County. Here he was also Postmaster and Town Clerk, and in 1866 and '67 was a member of the Legisla- ture. In 1867 he went to Montana, and was business man- ager and city editor of the Helena Herald. In 1869 he was appointed Secretary of the Territory, and acted for two years. In 1870 he married the daughter of Gen. T. Reynolds. In 1870, with a Mr. McCormick, he estab- ished the Pioneer in Missoula, Montana, and alone treated in Jocko Valley and at the head of the Flathead River trading posts, with the "Flatheads," "Kootenas," and " Penderilles." In 1872 he returned to Wisconsin. In 1873 he came to Chicago and entered the law office of Isham & Lincoln, son of the martyred President and ex- Secretary of War, having been admitted to practice in Wisconsin in 1866. Subsequently he filled the position of a clerk in the Superior Court. He then accepted the posi- tion af Deputy Clerk in the Probate Court. In the fall of 1884 he was elected Recorder. Colonel Scribner is con- nected with numerous organizations, civic and military, among which may be mentioned the Chicago Union Vete- eran Club, Veteran Union League, Loyal League of 310 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. America, Grand Army of the Republic, and the First Brigade of the Illinois National Guards. The following is the roster of the Recorder's office : Recorder, Wiley S. Scribner; Deputy Recorder, James Stroud ; Recording Clerk, L. C. Homines; Superinten- dent Folio Department, Fred . C . Kile ; Clerks, Horace E. Smith, Jacob S. Curtis, James Thomas, H. R. Green, Robert G. Reed, Samuel E. Erickson, S. Daniels, W. E. Day, P. H. Schmitz, Frank W. Teeple, E. S. Bullock, C. Duffield, Frank N. Coffin, George E. Woodwell, C. E. Southard. W. W. Manzy, S. J. Williamson, W. C. Phillips, A . C . Arentz, James A . Price ; Map Clerk, E . Ruleshau- ser; Clerk, William Ludewing, A. J. Le Brun, F. A. Brokoski . Abstract Department. Order Clerk, W. S. Kaufman; Abstract Makers, N . Buschwork, George R . Cannon ; Assistant Abstract Makers, T. H. Reynolds, L. H. Weil; Clerks, Samuel Kerr, Edwin Plowman, A. S. Reeves, James J . McGrath '; Abstract Writers, Oscar D . Howes, Theo. Stemming, E. J. Burkert; Clerks, S. W. Reder- burg, John F. Stinson, R. M. Burke. JAMES STKOUD. The Deputy Recorder of Cook county, was born De- cember 28, 1844, in Dorsetshire, England. Apprenticed to the dry goods business in London in 1858, he pursued that business up to his entering politics. He came to Chi- cago in 1870, and assumed the management of a depart- ment in the store of Ross & Gossage. He subsequently became connected with the immense dry goods firm of Field, Leiter & Co., Clapp, Young & Co., and Clapp & Davies. In 1882 he was appointed Record Writer in the Probate Court, under Col. W. S. Scribner, who, on being elected Recorder, appointed him Chief Deputy. The peo- ple indorse Mr. Scribner's selection. COUNTY EMPLOYES: 31 1 FRED C. KILE. The able and courteous Superintendent of the Folio Department of the Recorder's office, was born in Chicago, January, 1849. When quite young he left the high school with credit, and completed his studies in the normal school. Having graduated, he entered the wood arid coal business for himself, in the town of Blue Island, and sub- sequently became connected with the engineering depart- ment of the Western railroad. Mr. Kile became Superin- tendent of Folio in February, 1882, a most responsible position indeed. FRANK B. LAKE. The Chief Clerk of the Probate Court is Frank B. Lane, who, a son of old James Lane, one of the most prom- inent pioneers in Chicago's history, was born on February 4, 1850. Having graduated with distinction at St. Mary's of the Lake . At the age of fifteen he enlisted in Mulli- gan's famous brigade, and participated in its heroic exploits at the front. Mustered out he embarked in mercantile pursuits, where his ability was recognized in 1873 by his appointment as First Assistant Grain Inspector of the Board of Trade. Subsequently he was appointed First Lieutenant under " Sandy " Shay, captain of the rattling "No. 13," and now Assistant Fire Marshal. Resigning this position, fraught with so much peril, Mr. Lane com- menced a political career. In 1875 he entered the Superi- or Court as a clerk, and his competency while there gained for him his present position . He is an indefatigable work- er, and under his guidance no hitch seems possible in the paraphernalia of the Probate Court of Cook county. CHARLES BRADLEY. The Chief Deputy in the office of the Circuit Court of Cook county, was born April 28, 1856, in Chicago, on Madison street, near Franklin. He is the son of Cyrus P. 312 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. Bradley, who was Chief of Police and of the Fire Depart- ment, and a nephew of " Tim " Bradley, who was Sheriff of Cook county . Educated in the public schools, Charles was first employed by Losack & Morris, dealers in hats, caps, and furs. He then entered the service of D. W. Irwin & Co., on the Board of Trade. In 1867 he entered the Sheriff's office under Fischer, continued under "Tim" Bradley, and went out a short time after Agnew was elected . He served one year in the Recorder's office under "Jim" Stewart, and when J. J. Healey was elected Clerk of the Superior Court and stayed there during his entire term. He received his present position in December, 1884. He married Hattie E. Shumway November 13, 1867, and his son, Charles Morris Bradley, aged seventeen, is Assistant Book-keeper in the wholesale glove depart- ment at Marshall Field's. DANIEL D. HEALY. Dan Healy, connected with the Circuit Court, pre- sided over by Judge Collins, was born in Ireland February 11, 1847, and came to America in 1852. He studied at St. Mary's of the Lake and at the Jesuit College. While he served as an engineer during the war he be- came generally known in connection with the Chicago Fire Department. As a mechanic he had no superior, and as a gentleman he had few equals. He was twelve years on the Fire Department. When Sheriff Hanchett took possession Mr. Healy was appointed one of his deputies. Among the organizations to which Mr. Healy belongs may be men- tioned the Fireman's Benevolent Association, of which he is the Financial Secretary ; the United Order of Workmen, and the Policeman's and Fireman's State Association. DELOS E. HALL. The Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court was born May 14, 1840, at Salisbury, Herkimer county, N. Y., and re- COUNTY EMPLOYES. 313 mained in his native place until 1861. In this year he en- listed in the Ninety-seventh New York Volunteers and served until the close of the war. He fought in about thirty engagements, including the Second Bull Run, South Mountain, the first and second battles of Fredericks- burg and Antietam, Gettysburg, battles of the Wilderness, and was present at Lee's surrender. He has been con- nected with the Circuit Court as a deputy since December 1, 1872, and has a fine record. JAMES H. BURKE. James H. Burke, Deputy Sheriff, was born in Hart- ford, Conn., September 10, 1848. In 1850 the family came to Chicago, and built upon the corner of Van Buren and Jefferson streets the first habitation on the prairie west, where now such imposing edifices as the Jesuit Church and St. Ignatius College stand. The subject of this sketch herded cattle when he was not supplying boats on the river with milk . He attended school at O'Connor's the first school on the West Side . It stood in the rear of old St. Patrick's Church, corner of Randolph and Des- plaines streets. As a porter Mr. Burke worked five years for J. V. Farwell & Co., at No. 42 and 44 Wabash ave- nue, and was thereafter elevated to the superintendency of the domestic department. He then established on his own account a gents furnishing business at No. 76 West Madison street, but failed in 1873 with liabilities of about $1,500. This debt the plucky deputy wiped away by his savings while acting as a sidewalk inspector, a collector for the Board of Public Works, and a Deputy Sheriff. He was appointed under Hoffman, and continued under him . JOHN BRESTNAN. Deputy Sheriff Brennan was born in Galway, March 24, 1844. In April, 1855, he came to New York and com- menced active life as a cabin-boy on the City of Washing- 314 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. ton. In 1857 he entered the grocery trade in Cincinnati, but after two years engaged with a wholesale boot and shoe house. In 1861 he joined Company F, Second Ohio, and subsequently shared in the vicissitudes of the rebell- ion. He became a boot and shoe salesman at the close of the war. In 1868 he established a hat and cap business at No. 171 South Clark street. After the great fire he estab- lished a wine and spirit trade and conducted the same with profit up to his well-earned appointment as Deputy Sheriff, first under Major Hoffman, and them under Gen- eral Mann, and finally under Seth Hanchett. THEODORE E. STACY. Theodore Edwin Stacy, Deputy Sheriff, was born in Carlisle, Mass. , February 3, 1837. His father was an Unita- rian minister, and Theodore was a mere infant when he was carried into the bosom of the Hopedale community in Mit- f ord. Having acquired a knowledge of printing in his father's office, Theodore, at the age of nineteen, connected himself as an express messenger with the Boston & Worcester (now Boston & Albany) Railroad. It was a very respon- sible position for a young man, large amounts of money continually resting in his custody. In the spring of 1861 he came to Chicago, and obtained employment in the United States Express Company. After a year he became chief clerk for C. H. Bissell, proprietor of the Matteson House, who evinced unbounded confidence in him, and afterward assisted Robert Hill. He was first a deputy under Sheriff Fischer, then under Ben Cleaves, and served two terms with Bradley. When Agnew was elected, Mr. Stacy resigned by reason of a difference in politics, and en- gaged in the collection and auction business. When Hoff- man was elected he was reestablished a deputy, and when Sheriff Mann was elected he was reappointed. Mr. Stacy has been married three times. His first wife died six COUNTY EMPLOYES. 315 months after marriage, and his second in nine days. His present wife is Clara D. Stevens, one of the most noted songstresses. HENRY L. HERTZ. Henry Lamartine Hertz, the Cook County Coroner, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, November 19, 1847. He attended the Metropolitan school, and at twenty graduated from the University of Copenhagen . His first business experience in Chicago, the city of his adoption, was as teller in a Scandinavian bank . He was subsequently-con- nected with the Commercial Loan Company . In 1872 he entered the Recorder's office, where he in 1873 was elevated to the grantor of index clerk . In 1876 he was elected West Town Clerk . Mr . Hertz is very prominent in Scandinavian circles especially. He has been president of the Freja Scandinavian Singing Society, and of the Dania So- ciety. He represents the fourteenth ward in the Repub- lican City Central Committee. GEORGE ROCKAFELLER. George R. Rockafeller, Deputy in the Criminal Court, was born in the city of New York, March 23, 1838, at- tended the public school up to 1855, and thence to 1858 taught school. From 1856 to 1863 he was Cashier of the Freight Department of the North-Western. He then joined the army as Chief Clerk of the Quartermaster's Depart- ment in the Mississippi River Brigade, and ram fleet. The Quartermaster, becoming Disbursing Officer of Lou- isiana and Texas, in the Department of the Gulf with headquarters in New Orleans, where the volunteer service was relieved by General Sheridan in 1865, he was ap- pointed Secretary of the Board of Aldermen and Assistant Alderman of New Orleans. In 1868 he was made the As- sessor of the principal business district. Experience in brokerage followed up to 1873. In this year he accepted 316 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. a traveling auditorship on the Chicago & North- Western. In 1877 he was created Deputy Clerk in the Criminal ' Court. Following are the names of the attaches of the Circuit Court : Deputy Clerks E. M. Freeze, J. M. Wilson, J. P. Emmert, Eugene Seeger, Henry Esdohr, R. R. Stevens, J. D. Hall, Julius Heinburg, John Seinwerth. NEIL S. GRAVES. Neil S. Graves, Deputy Clerk of the Probate Court, is of German-Scotch descent, Edinburgh being the birth-place of his father, and Glasgow, of his mother. In the latter place Neil Stewart was born, June 3, 1840. When but three years of age his mother died and the family went to Providence, Rhode Island. In 1850 the folks settled in Boone county, 111., where in Garden Prairie, the father acted as station agent for the old Galena road for eleven years. At the age of eighteen, Neil went on the road as a switchman, and was afterward a brakeman. Going south he ran for a time upon the Northern Missouri railroad, tra- veling extensively in Missouri, Kentucky and Tennessee. In 1862 he enlisted in Company A., the Ninety-fifth Illi- nois Volunteer Infantry as First Corporal, but after nine months' service was discharged on account of bleeding at the lungs. He then ran upon the Hannibal & St. Joseph road as a baggeman, brakeman and conductor. In 1865 he came to Chicago and became Superintendent of the Chicago division of the Pullman Palace Car Company, where he served about nine years. His savings he invested in the gent's furnishing business in the Methodist church block, but the enterprise was not a success. When Mr. Hanchett was elected Probate Clerk he entered his office. In 1880 he was elected West Town Clerk on the Republican ticket, running ahead of the supervisor by about 700 votes. COUNTY EMPLOYES. 317 JETHRO M. GETMAN. Jethro Madison Getman, Record Clerk in the Criminal Court, was born in Columbia, Herkimer county, New York, in August, 1837; and in 1855 came to Chicago, finding employment at once in the office of the United States Express Company. He stayed but a brief time here before he decided to establish a grocery business. This he conducted up to a short time before the commencement of the War of the Rebellion, when he went to Michigan and raised in St. Joseph a company which was mustered into the Forty-second Illinois Infantry, and was distinguished by the letter "G." With this company he traversed southwestern Missouri when Halleck pursued Price, and participated among other engagements in the battles of Stone River, Corinth and Lookout Mountain. After the last named battle he entered the secret service, with headquarters in Memphis. In 1864 he resumed the grocery business in Chicago, but was quite unfortunate, being compelled to withdraw after a short experience. He then accepted the position of a carrier in the United States postoffice, where he rose by exemplary work to the superintendency of car- riers under Gen. McArthur. In 1882 he entered the office of the clerk of the criminal court. Mr. Getman is a mem- ber of several prominent societies, among them the Grand Army of the Republic and the Union Veteran Club . HENRY F. STEPHENS. Henry F. Stephens, Record-Writer in the office of the Clerk of the Criminal Court, was born in Chicago in 1854. Gifted with remarkable self-reliance and aptitude from an early age, Henry was a successful pupil in the several pri- vate schools he attended. Fast completing a course of English and German, he did not wish to depend upon any- body and soon secured a position in the dry goods house of 318 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Simpson & Hughes, afterwards Simpson & Norwell. When his brother was elected Coroner he entered his office and he continued with him when he was elected Clerk of the Criminal Court. SCHOOL TEACHERS. GE.OE&E HOWLAND. The School Superintendent was born in Conway, Mass.. y and is probably about forty-five years of age. Graduating at Amherst college, where he taught for five years he entered the Chicago High School as assistant principal in 1858. He was elected principal in 1860. In 1880 he was elected to his present position. SHEPHERD JOHNSON. The Veteran Secretary of the Chicago Board of Educa- tion was born in New York City, September 18, 1823. His early day& were spent on a farm in Kane County, Illi- nois. Having been educated in Columbia college, New York, he was a teacher from 1845 to 1850 in the Institute of Lyons. Five years thereafter he was engaged in the grocery business. He came to Chicago- in the fall of 1859> and on February 14, 1860 he became connected with the Chicago schools. When he came here there were only 120 teachers, and now there are nearly 1,400. JAMES K. DOOLITTLE, JR. In electing a President of the Board of Education the Directors could not have selected a gentleman more emi- nently qualified for the position than James R. Doolittle, Jr. Though a prominent lawyer Mr. Doolittle gave much of his time to the interests of education and his familiarity with the public school system makes him invaluable. This gentleman was born in Warsaw, Wyoming county, N. Y., April 2, 1845. When sixteen years old he left aia 320 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Kacine college and was two years in Washington with his father who was United States Senator from Wisconsin, during the first years of the war. He graduated from Eochester University in 1863. Subsequently he attended Harvard College at Cambridge, Mass., and was admitted to the bar in Wisconsin in 1866. After practicing law at New York he came to Chicago, and up to 1883 practiced law with his father. In 1878 he was Democratic candi- date in the first congressional district. He ran ahead of his ticket, but was defeated by Aldrich. The following is a complete list of the teachers em- ployed in the city schools : Mary A. Abbott, Headley, 194 Wesson ; Alice M. Adams, Webster, 2252 Wabash ave.; Carrie G. Adams, Polk Street 408 Washington bould. ; Elvira H. Adams, Ar- mour Street, 611 Fulton ; Gertrude J. Adams, Webster, 2252 Wabash ave. ; Kittie E. Adams, Cooper, 476 Center ave.; Maggie C. Adams, Longfellow, 476 Center ave., Mary T.Adams, W. Thirteenth Street, 476 Center ave.; Sophia B. Adams, King, 422, S. Oakley ave.; Hannah Adler, Raymond and Brennan, 41 E. Thirteenth ; Ellen Ahern, Langland, 552 W. North ave.; Mary Ahern, Von Humboldt, 552 W. North ave.; Mary Ahern, Langland, 2953 Butler ; Lois M. Aiken, Thomas Hoyne, 73 N. State; Letitia M. Alexander, Calumet Avenue, Englewood, 111. ; Julia C. Alger, Wells, 248 Ohio ; Jennie Allen, Arnold, 341 Center ; James Carey Ailing, Central Park, 1473 Washington bould. ; Flora E. Alpiner, Anderson, 418 W. Indiana ; Charlotte Alstrup, Burr, 81 W. Ohio ; Annie J. Anderson, Motley, 422 W. Ohio ; Mary V. Anderson, Kosciusko, 345 W. Indiana ; Nellie W. Anderson, Haven, 2910 Indiana ave. ; May Andrews, Montefiore, 251 Win- chester ave.; Edith Armstrong, Went worth Avenue, "The Walton," N. Clark ; Lizzie H. Armstrong, Calumet Ave- nue, 3811 Indiana ave.; Emma Atkinson, Jefferson, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 321 581 W. Harrison ; Georgiana M. Austin, LaSalle, 328 Hudson ave. ; Carrie L. Averill, Irving, 420 Warren ave. ; Grace B. Avers, Washington, 420 Warren ave.; Lillie G. Ayres, Central Park, 420 Warren ave., Laura D. Ayres, Armour Street, 537 W. Jackson ; Charles F. Babcock, Holden, 2701 Michigan ave. bould. ; Olive Backus, Wells, 658 Fulton ; Annie Laurie Bacon, Sheldon, 359 Wells ; Hattie B. Bacon, dewberry, 359 Wells ; Elizabeth Baertschy, Throop & Longfellow, 77 Langdon ; Charlotte 0. Bailey, South Division High, 2971 Michigan ave. ; Cecelia H. Bailey, Thomas Hoyne, 96 Dear- borne ave. ; Lily M. Baird, Langland, Humboldt Park ; Mary J. R. Bairnson, Lincoln street, 673 W. Superior ; Julia A. Baker, Walsh, 2888 Archer ave. ; Marie L. Baker, Lincoln, 1839 Frederick ; Mary E. Baker, Sheridan, 161 S. Green ; Agnes E. Ball, Washington, 10 S. Ada ; Grace M. Banks, Walsh, 414 W. Monroe ; George C. Bannan, Haven, 3149 Prairie ave. ; Fanny A. Barber, Lincoln, 1854 Wel- lington, L. V. ; Matey C. A. Barber, Armour Street, 537 W. Jackson ; Elvira D. Barclay, Newberry, 444 Garfield ave. ; Elvira M. Barclay, Arnold, 444 Garfield ave. ; Esther J. W. Barker, Headley, 236 Bissell ; Alice L. Barnard, Jones, Washington Heights ; Alice S. Barnard, Webster, Washington Heights-; ErastusA. Barnes, Keith, 3445 Indi- ana ave, ; Myra L. Barnes, Keith, 3445 Indiana ave. ; Lou P. Barrett, Raymond, 3826 La Salle ; Adelina T. Bartelme N. & W. Division High, 355 Ogden ave. ; Mary M. Bar- telme, Armour Street, 355 Ogden ave. ; Emma H. Bartels, Franklin, 1727 Frederick, L. V.; Charles S. Bartholf, Emerson, 1434 Wabash ave. ; Ellen B. Bastin, South Divi- sion High, S. Park ave. near Thirty-third ; Nellie F. Bates, Douglas, 3620 Vernon ave. ; Ida Bauer, Calumet Avenue, 108 Twenty-fourth ; Maggie H. Bauld, Kosciusko, 1276 W. Van Buren ; Nelly M. Baumann, Ogden, 1844 Wellington ave., L. V.; Lizzie Bean, Montefiore, 427 W. Monroe; 21 322 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Nellie B. Beaubien, Wells, 34 N". Irving Place ; Lenora E. Beck, Scammon, 17 Loomis ; Lizzie F. Beck, Headley, 593 N. Clark ; Marie N. Beder, Headley, 359 Lincoln ave. ; Emma Beckley, Oakley, 105 N. Center ave. ; Theresa E. Beckley, Oakley, 105 N. Center ave.; Anna Bedmann, Central Park, 718 N. Wood ; Annie Bectin, Huron Street, 36 Whiting ; Elizabeth B. Beebe, Kosciusko 1169 Milwaukee ave.; Charlotte Bell, Headley, 600 Lincoln ave.; Lottie L. Bellwood, Central Park, Central Park, Cicero. Clara C. Bennett, Oakland, 87 E. Washington; Bertha Benson, Skinner, 208 S. Paulina; Fannie E. Benson, Thomas Hoyne, 244 Erie Street; Lydia Benzing, Dore, 47 Willow; Elizabeth L. Bergen, Marquette, 385 Oak; Eosa- lie F. Bergh, Arnold, 354 Mohawk; Anna E. Bertrand, Garfield, 264 Maxwell; Grace Beryson, Vedder Street, 189 Wesson; Alice C. Bevans, Ogden, 24 Wisconsin ; Homer Bevaiis, La Salle, Englewood; Alice A. Bigelow, Douglas, 3020 Indiana ave.; Lucretia J. Bigelow, Scammou, 178 S. Morgan; Mary L. Birge, Sheridan, 3150 Forest ave.; Or- lando Blackman, Sp. T. Vocal Music, 520 Fulton; Helen N. Blanchard, Washington, 616 Fulton; Emma K. Blanks, Holden, 1466 Michigan ave.boul.; Mary C. Blanks, Healy and Holden, 1466 Michigan ave. boul. ; Louise C. Blanks, Cottage Grove. 1466 Michigan ave. boul. ; Lewis J. Block, Sheridan, 2232 Wabash ave. ; Florence N. Blodgett, Clarke, 404 S. Oakley ave. ; Jessie E. Blodgett, Dore, 1075 W. Jackson; Annie D. M. Bockius, La Salle, 1218 Wright- wood ave., L. V.; Henrietta Bode, Brainard, 1010 N. Hal- sted; Johanna Bode, Skinner, 1010 N. Halsted; Mary E. Boland, La Salle, 138 Eugenia; Clara D. Bolton, King, 1002 W. Monroe; Mary Bonfield, Ward, 3025 Wabash ave.; Johanna M. Bonne, Brighton, 2406 Wabash ave.; Agnes Boughan, Carpenter, 286 Warren ave. ; Mary J. W. Boughan, Brown, 286 Warren ave.; Kittie M. J. Bowen, Franklin, 25 Town; 'Mary M. Boyce, La Salle, 480 Web- SCHOOL TEACHERS. 323 ster ave. ; Helen W. Boyden, Lincoln, 864 N. Halsted; Hedwig F. Braasch, Anderson, 254 La Salle ave. ; Ella Bracken, Skinner, 269 Illinois; Anna A. Bracken, Ogden, 269 Illinois; Braddie B. Bradford, Arnold, 339 Dayton; Annie Braddish, Kosciusko, 7 Austin ave. ; Susie N. Brad- ley, Jones, 2964 S. Park ave. ; Emma A. Brady, Arnold, 604 Sedgwick ; M. Arabella Brady, Marquette, 11 Aber- deen; Mary C. Brady, Webster, 1091 W. VanBuren; James H. Brayton, Webster, 6359 Yale ; Laura T. Brayton, Skin- ner, 638 W. Jackson ; Sarah T. Brayton, Von Humboldt, 778 Dana Ave.; Mary E. Brazill, McClellan, 3038 Lowe ave.; Mary 0. Brechbill, Headley, 281 Webster ave.; Agnes Brennan, Keith, 3158 Wabash ave.; Kittie Brennan, Jones, 133 E. Twenty-second; Harriet M. Bridgman, Wells, 782 Washington bould.; Amelia C. Briggs, Lincoln, 24 Wiscon- sin; Ida M. Briggs, Clarke, 237 Winchester ave.; Oryille T\_Bright, Douglas, 3544 Forest ave. ; Adella M. Britain, Grant, 1075 W. Jackson; Maria Brodt, Grant, 406 W. Harrison; Mary Brookins, Lawndale, Downer's Grove; Sarah A. Brooks, Haven, 1832 Wabash ave.; Eosalie Brosz, Skinner, 170 E. Indiana; Marie A. Broussais, S. & N. Div. High, 211 Thirty-second; Bridget M. Brown, McClellan, 3156 Ulhman; Emma L. Brown, Central Park, 773 Wal- nut; Jane D. Brown, Armour Street, 1301 W. Madison; Kate Brown, Clarke, 667 W. Adams; Mary E. Brown, Pickard, 434 Irving pi. ; Minnie A. Brcwn, Brenan, 3120 Butterfield; Lizzie R. Browne, Douglas, 308 Thirty-first; Mary B. Bryant, Central Park, 15 Francisco; Catherine L. Buckley, Franklin, 638 Wells; Lizzie C. Buckley, Frank- lin, 638 Wells; Lynora L. Buckley, La Salle, 638 Wells' Caroline Buechel, Scammon, 756 W. Madison; Elizabeth E. Buhmann, Moseley, 19 Mohawk; Sophia Bull, Armour Street, 186 Evergreen ave. ; Mary E. Burbank, Irving, 315 Flournoy; Louise M. Burcky, Moseley, Englewood; Aggie R. Burgess, Lincoln Street, 718 Superior; Maggie E. Burke, 324 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Oakley, 871 Fulton; Mary Burke, Pearson Street, 190 Chest- nut pi. ; Mary L. Burke, Armour Street, 664 "VV. Erie; Nellie M. Burke, Motley, 199 N. Paulina; Annie M. Burns, Lin- coln Street, 189 Park ave. ; Helen M. Burns, TV. Thirteenth Street, 329 S. Morgan; Maggie E. Burns, Kinzie, 25 Goe- the; Mary Burns, Washington, 194 N. May; Martha A. Burrows, Wells, 549 W. Erie; Mary E. Burt, Jones, 74 Bryant ave.; Augusta J. A. Burtch, Haven, 2929 Butter- field; Lillie E. Bosch, Throop, 37 Winthrop pi.; Louise Busch, Burr, 305 Bissell; Rose Busch, Longfellow, 37 Winthrop pi. ; Anna E. Bushnell, Lincoln, 24 Wis- consin; Emma A. TV. Butler, Keith, Normal Park; Helen A. Butler, Headly, 410 Dayton ; Hattie M. But- terfield, Pearson Street, Commercial Hotel ; Augusta E. Butts, Washington, 10 S. Ada. Mary Cahill, Oak Street, 334 Hudson ave.; Mary L. Cahill, Sheridan, 62 Swift Place; Sara F. Cairns, Garfield, 498 S. Morgan; Laura R. Caldwell, TV. Jackson Street, 339 Warren ave.; Alice E. Calvert, Webster, 4225 Wolcott ave.; Elizabeth D. Campbell, Lincoln Street, 112 S. Lincoln ; Ellen A. Campbell, Haven, 1911 Wabash ave.; Jennie C. Campbell, Ander- son, 843 K Robey; Mary B. Campbell, Dore, 297 W. Van Buren ; Celia Canaday, Carpenter, 644 TV. Jackson ; Susie 0. Canevin, Huron Street, 21 Starr; Alice B. Can- ney, Wentworth Avenne, 191 Twenty- Fourth ; Abbie A. Cannon, Vedder Street, 32 Goethe ; Mary E. Cannon, Franklin, 270 N. Franklin ; Theresa A. Cannon, Franklin, 270 N. Franklin ; Hannah R. Carabine, Holden, 2728 Archer ave.; Susie A. Carey, Throop, 529 TV. Taylor; Ellen W. Carpenter, Brown, 62 Park ave.; Jennie S. Car- penter, W. Thirteenth Street, 232 Ewing ; Lizzie V. Carroll, Cooper, 349 Center ave.; Sarah A. F. Carroll, Foster, 207 Henry ; Mary Carson, Sheridan, Arlington Heights ; Antonie J. Carstens, King, 150 W. Randolph ; SCHOOL TEACHERS. 325 Yanilla V. Carter, Wells, 696 W. Lake ; Anna S. Gary, Walsh, 373 W. Monroe ; Sophie M. Case, Hayes, 396 War- ren ave. ; Nellie E. Casey, Foster, 637,8. Ashland ave.; Maggie B. Casey, West Thirteenth Street, 46 S. Peoria ; Maggie A. Cashin, Pearson Street, 33 Whiting ; Bella Cas- pary, Irving, 386 Oak ; Maggie M. Cassidy, Longfellow, 53 Newberry ave.; Sarah A. Cassidy, Longfellow, 53 Newberry ave.; Catharine B. M. Cavanah, King, 1177 Adams; Lizzie A. Cavanah, King, 1177 Adams ; Julia A. Cavanaugh, Huron Street, 155 E. Indiana; Georgiana Chacksfield, Lincoln Street, 7 S. Peoria ; Mary G. Chadwick, Cottage Grove, 3632 Stanton ave.; Carrie E. Chapin, Moseley, Engle- wood, 111.; Ann E. Chapman, La Salle, 661 La Salle ave.; Emily A. Chapman, W. Jackson Street, 1239 Wilcox ave.; Susie E. Chart, Lincoln, 286 Erie.; Alice M. Chase, W. Jackson Street, 1105 W. Jackson; Sophie Chenoweth, Moiitefiore, 981 W. Monroe; Sara Chil- vers, Foster, 110 Miller; Effie M. Christensen, Langland, 173 W. Indiana; Kate J. Christian, Moiitefiore, 152 N. Sangamon; Libbie A. Christian, Moiitefiore, 152 N. San- gamon;Emma E. Christie, Garfield, Englewood; Kate M. H. Christopher, Wells, 199 N. Eobey; James F. Claflin, W. Division High, Lombard; Jennie M. Clancey, Lincoln, 315 Lincoln ave.; Margaret A. Clancey, Brighton, 3235 Fox; Minnie N. Clancey, Ogden, 37 Beethoven pi. ; Annie B. Clark, Hayes, 806 Fulton; Lottie C. Clark, Foster, 377 Marshfield ave. ; Luella H. Clark, Elizabeth Street, 651 Washington bould. ; Margaret F. Clark, King, 857 W. Jack- son; Fannie E. Clarke, Armour Street, 853 Washington bould.; Hattie Clarke, Hayes, 602 Fulton; Jennie Clarke, Dore, 166 Aberdeen; Maria P. Clay, Calumet Avenue, 2937 Vernon ave. ; George M. Clayberg, W. Division High, 204 Dearborn ave.; Diana H. Clock, Montefiore, 564 W. Erie; Lizzie M. Cobb, Franklin, 372 Oak; Helen V. Cochran, Burr, Evanston; Martha Cochrane, Longfellow, 86 Centre 326 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ave. ; Esther L. Coe, Calumet Avenue, 124 Twenty-fourth; Lizzie M. Coffee, Vedder Street, 320 Mohawk; Annie G. E. Cohn, Brenan, 2488 Archer ave. ; Francelia Colby, Cot- tage Grove, 3039 Grand bould. ; Laura G. Colby, Haven, 3639 Grand bould.; Sarah Colby, King, 862 W. Adams; Festus C. Cole, W. Division High, 2227 Wabash ave. ; Ger- trude 0. Cole, Calumet Avenue, 3139 Forest ave. ; Mary T. Coleman, Kinzie, 242 Superior; Ella R. Coles, Throop, Crawford, 111.; Susie E. Colver, McClellan, 100 Douglas ave. ; Lizzie A. Comerford, Brenan, 43 9 Twenty-sixth; Helen D. Compton, S. Division High, Woodruff House; Robert W. Conant, Brainerd, 93 Laflin; Pauline Conde, Throop, 281 W. Monroe; Rosanna Conley, Oak Street, 219 Townsend; Sarah E. Conley, Haven, 1537 Wabash ave.; Sarah C. Connelly, Franklin, 52 E. Huron; Bessie M. Connor, Walsh, 119 Sebor; Emilie R. Consoer, Wells, 596 N. Ro- bey; Emilie H. Cook, S. Division, 2511 Michigan ave.; Ida M. Cook, Brighton, cor. Fuller and Ashland ave.; Julia M. Cook, Irving, 1152 Fillmore ; Maggie Cook, Arnold, 136 Seminary ave.; Anna L. Cooke, Keith, 3531 Dearborn ; Lottie I Cooley, Wells, 685 W. Superior ; Ella J. Cooper, Headley, 256 Tremont ; May H. Cooper, Throop, 38 Winthrop place ; Ellen M. Corbin, Jones, 124 Twenty-fourth ; Lizzie A. Corigan, Calumet Avenue, 3229 Indiana ave. ; Mary C. Cosgrove, Garfield, 826 W. Taylor ; Clara C. L. Cossar, Emerson, 334 Warren ave. ; Susan E. Cougle, Wentworth Avenue, 1337 Michigan ave.; Kate Cowan, Emerson, 239 S. Robey ; Minnie R. Cowan, McClel- lan, 3519 Stanton ave.; Agnes Cox, Asst. vocal music, 591 W. Van Buren ; Henry C. Cox, Pickard, 426 Irving ave. ; Mary E. Grain, Moseley, 2511 Michigan ave.; Oliva A. Crane, Elizabeth Street, 16 Hamilton ave.; Helen A. Cravens, Brown, 101 Warren ave. ; Emma A. E. Crawford, Douglas, 3544 Forest ave.; Antonia A. Crisen, Garfield, 134 W. Taylor; Gertrude A. Crisler, Headley, 1009 N. SCHOOL TEACH EKS. 327 Clark ; Mary H. Cross, Armour Street, Austin, 111. ; Julia A. Crowe, Wentworth Avenue, 3138 Wabash ave. ; Mary A. Crowe, Webster, 3138 Wabash ave. ; Fannie J. Crowell, Garfield, 185 S. Sangamon ; Francis L. Crumb, Irving, 845 W. Adams ; Annie F. Cull, Pickard, 225 Sebor ; Sara L. Cunningham, Oak street, 296 Dayton ; Delia Cur- eton,Von Humboldt. 846 W. Congress ; Mary L. Cureton, Emerson, 846 W. Congress ; Mary A. Curie, Ogden, 177 Oak ; Joanna A. Curran, Throop, 310 Loomis ; Maggie A. Curran, W. Thirteenth Street, 310 Loomis ; Emily C. Currier, Elizabeth Street, Oak Park, 111. ; Kate B Curtis, Walsh, 2209 Archer ave.; Leonidas A. Curtis, S. Division High, Waukegan, 111.; Louise S. Curtis, Cottage Grove, 3418 Rhodes ave.; Marcella Cusack, Hayes, 706 W. Mon- roe ; Nell Cusack, Brown, 706 W. Monroe ; Virginia Cusack, Irving, 706 W . Monroe ; Julia K . Cutler, Irving, 420 S. Leavitt; Lizzie N. Cutter, La Salle, 25 Wisconsin. Sarah A. Dabbs, Moseley, 94 Twenty-fifth ; Kate Dalton, Newberry; 1209 Seminary Place ; Mary E. Daley, Cooper, 353 S. May; Ellen T. Daly, Franklin, 29 Ontario; Lizzie R. Daly, Ogden, 335 Ohio; Minnie E. Daly, Jefferson, 335 Ohio; Sarah A. Daly, Holden, 106 Sherman; Martha J. Dan- forth, Brown, 342 Warren ave. ; Mary E. Danforth, Jones, Englewood, 111.; Mary M. D. Dannehy, Wells, 207 N. Robey; Edward E. Darrow South Division, High, 2429 Prairie ave.; Justina David, Franklin, 211 Wells; Emma F. Da- vis, Marquette, 901 W. Jackson; Mary A. Davis, West Jackson Street, 115 Colorado ave. ; Mary E. Davis, Kosci- usko, 170 Albany ave.; Maggie E. Davy, Carpenter, 160 N. May; Mary E. Davy, Franklin, 326 N. Franklin; Nel- lie M. Davy, Wells, 160 N. May; Annie S. Dawson, Ar- nold, 732 Sedgwick; Mary H. Dean, Polk Street, 185 S. Morgan; Sophia L. Dean, Armour Street, 16 Ogden ave.; Catherine A. Deder, La Salle, 180 Goethe; Lettie S. Decker, Garfield, 294 Center ave . ; Nettie G . Decker, Ar- 328 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. nold, 1643 Belmont ave., L. V. ; Catherine Deggeller, Og- den, 936 N. Halsted; Annie Degnan, Burr, 194 Carroll ave.; Susie E. De Goode, Brainard, 469 S. Robey; Marc Delaf ontaine, West Division High, 64 Park ave . ; Addie J. DeLano, Wells, 248 Ohio; Bessie Del Banco, Emerson & Elizabeth, 25 Walnut; Miriam Del Banco, Emerson, 25 Walnut; Arvilla C. DeLuce, West Jackson Street, 193 S. California ave . ; Mary A . DeLuce, West Jackson Street, 193 S. California ave.; Agnes E. Dew, Arnold, 381 Day- ton; Electa E. Dewey, Calumet Avenue, 2921 Vernon ave.; Ella A. Dewey, Skinner, 364 W. Monros; Frances E. M. Dewey, Carpenter, 11 S. Ada; James E. Dewey, West Di- vision High, 27 S. Ashland ave.; Mary J. Dewey, Healy, 2921 Vernon ave.; M. Adelia Dickinson, Brown, 98 War- ren ave.; Nellie L. Dickson, Scammon, La Grange, 111.; Elizabeth F. Dimock, Sp. Teacher Drawing, 422 Washing- ton bou.; Lydia A. Dimon, North Division High, 160 Dearborn ave.; Clara L. Dixon, Douglas, 299 Fifth ave.; Kate Dixon, Huron Street, 237 La Salle ave. ; Agnes E. Dodd, Brenan, 2524 Fifty-third, H. P.; Margaret T. Dodd, Kinzie, Hyde Park; Chester C. Dodge, Oakley, 726 Washington bould. ; M. Luella Dodge, Sheldon, 183 Howe; Maggie S. Dodge, Healy, 3026 Fifth ave. ; Medora E. Dodge, Newberry, 183 Howe; Will C. Dodge, Wicker Park, 739 N. Hoyne ave.; Agnes M. Donahue, Kinzie, 119 Ontario; Louise J. Donahue, Foster, 382 Blue Island ave. ; Kate A. Donegon, Thomas Hoyne, 545 La Salle ave.; Minnie E. Donoghue, Sheldon, 323 Chicago ave. ; Theresa C. Donog- hue, Ogden, 323 Chicago ave. ; Genevieve L. Dooley, Burr, 565 Austin ave.; Minnie Doubek, Carpenter, 381 Fulton; Jean Dougall, Ogden, 45 Cedar; Margaret Dougall, Oak Street, 45 Cedar; Margart F. Dougherty, La Salle, 265 N. Market; Cora E. S. Downer, Keith, 337 S. Leavitt; Au- gusta L. Downs, Hayes, 908 W. Monroe; Clara G. Downs, Hayes, 908 W. Monroe; Ada A. Dresbach, Headley, 776 SCHOOL TEACHERS. 329 Washington bould. ; Laura K. Dresser, Raymond, 3136 In- diana ave. ; Flora V. Dryfuss, Brenan, 3227 Forest ave.; MaryF. Duck, Foster, 323 S. Paulina; Alice Duffield, Cottage Grove, 3020 Groveland ave.; May C. Duffin, Jones, 2322 Michigan ave . ; Anna M . Duffy, Polk Street, 422 W. Jackson; Frances B. Dunbar, Moseley, Engle- wood; Mary E. Dunbar, Von Humboldt, 248 E. Ohio; Mary Dunlap, W. Thirteenth Street, 640 W. Jackson; Therese W. Dunlap, Clarke, 640 W. Jackson; Lizzie J. Dunn, Pearson Street, 263 N. Market; MaryF. Dunn, Longfellow, 298 Loomis; Amelia M. Dunne, Scammon, 34 Lanin; Kate F. Dunne, Scammon, 34 Laflin; Mary M. Dunton, Emerson, 417 Warren ave.; Nellie Dunton, Grant, 417 Warren ave.; Henrietta Dupuy, Newberry, 306 Belden ave.; Eva C. Durbin, South Division High, 3208 Prairie ave.; Sophia Durham, Moseley, 2415 Michigan ave.; Lucy Duschner, Burr, 310 Bissell; Minnie J. Dwyer, Garfield, 40 Newberry ave . ; Ella J . Dymond, Polk Street, 1060 Wilcox ave.; Hattie Dynan, Lawndale, Crawford; Minnie M. Early, Throop, 1021 Madison; Dora Eaton, Foster, 232 S. Paulina; Sarah J. Eaton, Nrvvberry, 57 Wieland; Francisca Ebel, Wentworth Avenue, 2406 Wabash ave.; Helena I. Eckstorm, Arnold, 901 Larrabee, L. V.; Sophie A. Eckstorm, Newberry, 901 Larrabee, L. V. ; Ma- rietta Edington, King, 422 S. Oakley ave. ; Clara E. Eddy, Ward, 2532 Dearborn; Katherine Eiles, Langland, 163 Armitage ave.; Isabel I. Eckstrom, Armour Street, 408 W. Ohio; Mathilde Eliel, Haven, 1234 Indiana ave.; Kate Elliman, Andersen, 701 W. Lake; Emily Elliott, Scammon, 935 W. Harrison; Mary A. Elliott, Irving, 231 S. Western ave., Rosa A. Elting, Oak Street, 395 N. State; Louise C. W. Ehvell, Brainard, 45 Campbell Park; Edith M. Embry, Burr, 518 Harrison; Adele M. Emery, Webster, 3238 Dear- born; Gertrude E. English, Garfield, 295 W. Taylor; Jane P. English, Foster, 295 W. Taylor; Mary E. English, 330 THE POLITICAL HISTOEY OF CHICAGO. Thomas Hoyne, 96 Dearborn ave.; Anastasia Ennis, Kinzie, 383 Division; Emma Eschenburg, Carpenter, 669 La Salle; Elizabeth Evans, Lawndale, Central Parkave.; Grace E. Evans Skinner, 390 W. Adams; Kate A. Evans, Clarke, 8 Eldridge ct. ; Huldah Everitt, Ogden, 349 N. Clark; Clementine Faber, Jones, 99 Thirty-seventh; Emily W. Fairman, Elizabeth Street, 64 St. John's pi. ; Mary A. Farnham, Cottage Grove, 132 Thirty-fifth; Cora A. Farnsworth, Jefferson, 213 Flournoy; Fannie T. Farrel, Vedder Street, 370 Sedgwick; Elizabeth M. Farson, Brown, 134 Warren ave. ; Nora M. Farson, Clarke, 134 Warren ave. ; Eebecca M. Farson, Haven, 134 Warren ave.; Ella M. Faucette, Ward, 3002 Wabash ave.; Bertha Feinberg, Moseley, 3255 Vernon ave.; Minnie Feldkamp, Skinner, 303 W. Van Buren; Emma B. Fenimore, Ward, 3208 In- diana ave.; Martha P. Fenimore, Moseley, 3208 Indiana ave.; Jessie M. Fergus, Ogden, 69 Pine; Kate Ferguson, Pickard, 771 W. Congress; Marion Ferguson, Pickard, 771 W. Congress; Alice E. Field, Garfield, 336 Park ave.; Lizzie G. Finkler, Franklin, 32 Delaware pi.; Eveline Fischer, Arnold, 642 Sedgwick; Louise Fischer, McClellan, 3514 Wentworth ave. ; Carrie T. G. Fish, Cottage Grove, 3144 Indiana ave, ; Josephine G. Fish, AV. Fourteenth Street, Blue Island; Lida Fisher, Motley, 142 S. Ashland ave.; Maggie A. Fisher, Oakley, 167 S. Green ; Minnetta Fish- er, Kosciusko, 188 N. Center ave. ; Ottilie L. Fisher, Lin- coln Street, 188 N. Center ave. ; Franklin P. Fisk, West Division High, 521 W. Adams ; Lizzie M. Fitzgerald, Mar- quette, 114 Winchester ave. ; Mary E. FitzGerald, Headley, 24 Wisconsin ; Mary A. Fitzpatrick, Thomas Hoyne, 50 Cass ; Sarah 0. Flagg, Elizabeth Street, Norwood Park, 111. ; Edith B. Flagler, Marquette, 1020 W. Adams ; Sarah A. Fleming, Longfellow, 356 W. Congress ; Sarah G. Flem- ing, Newberry, 1016 N. Halsted ; Hattie E. Fletcher, Keith, 2232 Indiana ave. ; Tammie E. Flowers, W. Four- SCHOOL TEACHERS. .'JO 1 teenth Street, 174 S. Sangamon ; Joanna E. Foley, Ray- mond, 2028 Dearborn ; Elizabeth A. Foltz, Moseley, 2213 Michigan ave. ; Katharine Fomhof, West Jackson Street, 1158 W. Jackson ; Bertha Fontayne, Raymond, 3210 For- est ave. ; Ida Fontayne, Raymond, 3210 Forest ave. ; Edith W. Forbes, Healy, Englewood, 111.; Mary E. Forbes, Healy, 6252 School, Englewood ; Charles H. Ford, West Jackson Street, 1326 W. Adams ; Kate E. Ford, Motley, 176 N". Desplaines ; Blanche Foreman, Wentworth Avenue, 3132 Vernon ave. ; Auguste J. Forster, Andersen, 727 N. Hoyne ave.; Malwine Forster, Wells, 727 N. Hoyne ave.; Maggie F. Fortune, Ward, 2915 Shields ave.; Lizzie M. Foss, Von Humboldt, 269 Bissell ; Alice E. Fox, Lincoln, 293 Or- chard ; Lizzie T. H. Frazier, McClellan, 3120 Parnellave.; Grace L. Freeman, Elizabeth Street, 47 S. Sangamon ; Sarah L. Freiberger, Webster, 3026 Indiana ave. ; Linnie Freiberger, Haven, 2916 Calumet ave. ; Charles W. French, West Division High, 647 Washington bould.; Emily L. French, Ward, 64 Twenty-third ; Belle M. Freund, Polk Street, 489 S. Jefferson ; Alice A. Freuud, Langland, 869 N". Leavitt ; Agnes M. H. Friedel, King, 121 S. Sangamon ; Mary Friend, King, 630 W. Monroe ; Emilie Frisbie, Walsh, 539 Leavitt ; Helen M. Frisbie, Pickard, 539 Leav- itt ; Emma M. A. Frommann, La Salle, 40 Sidney ct. n. Diversey ave. ; Ida Frommann, Scammon, 49 Sidney ct. n . Diversey ave.; Elsa Fuchs, Throop, 195 La Salle ave.; Lillian Fullager, Garfield, 7 S. Peoria ; Ida R. Fuller, Oak Street, 225 Oak ; Mary Furey, Marquette, 278 Camp- bell ave.; Hattie S. Furney, Cottage Grove, 179 Thirty- seventh; Sarah J. F. Furthmann, Lincoln, 575 Orchard, L. V. Annie Galbraith, Oak Street, 215 Townshend ; M. Lou- ise G. Garcia, Newberry, 210 Center; Avi E. Garrison, Keith, 3218 State ; Amanda P. Gates, Dore, Washington Heights, 111.; Cecelia M. Gavin, Anderson, 65 Walnut; 332 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Kate L. Gavin, Anderson, 65 "Walnut ; Etta Q. Gee, Frank- lin 222 Chestnut Place ; Pauline Geib, Newberry, 99 Orchard ; Lizzie B. Gemmell, Marquette, 540 W . Jack- son ; Maggie Gemmell, Irving, 540 W. Jackson ; Emma Geselbracht, Kinzie, 176 La Salleave. ; Anna M. Gibbons, Healey, 3036 Dashiel ; Celia S. Gibbons, Polk Street, 135 Lytle ; Lizzie A. Gibbons, Armour Streer, 304 Austin ave. Mary Althea Gibbons, La Salle, 1760 Frederick, L. V. ; Mary Angela Gibbons, Armour Street, 304 Austin ave. ; Sarah M. Gibbs, King, 1099 W. Jackson ; Mary E Gilbert, Brighton, 246 E. Twenty-eighth ; Susan Gilbert, Cooper, 743 W. Congress ; Maggie S. Gill, Franklin, 297 Chicago ave.; Jennie E. Gillespie, Foster, 235 Ewing ; Anna E. Gillett, Moseley, Kenosha, Wis. ; Jessie L. W. Gillis, Ogden, Ninety-first, S . Chicago ; Celia M. Gilmore, Jefferson, 468 Marshfield ave.; Emma C. Gilmore, Clarke, 468 Marshfield ave. ; Minnie W. Gills, Oakley, 295 Fulton ; Amanda Gimbel, West Division High, 2839 Indiana ave. ; Lillian Glanz, Von Humboldt, 36 Bryson ; Annie J, Glenn, Wentworth Avenue, 3837 "Wentworth ave. ; Annie C. Gog- gin, Franklin, 123 Erie ; Catharine Goggin, Jones, 282 Idaho ; Lizzie M. Goggin, Franklin, 599 Clybourn ave. ; Angie E. Goode, Headley, 327 Eacine ave.; Ella Good- man, Cottage Grove, 145 Twenty-first ; Carrie L. Good- now, Skinner, 187 S. Oakley ave.; Nellie C. Goodnow, Marquette, 187 S. Oakley ave.; Millie A. Goodsmith, Ogden, 318 State ; Eveline Goold, Marquette. 1013 W. Monroe ; Isabel F. Gooid, Brown, 1013 W. Monroe ; Mary E. Gormley, Washington, 347 W . Indiana ; Elizabeth M. Gorringe, Newberry, 711 Larrabee ; Emma Gofan, South Division High, 2359 S. Park ave.; Elsie H. Gould, Vedder Street, 435 La Salle ave.; Luna E. Gowdy, Cottage Grove, 3410 Khodes ave.; Susan J. Grace, West Division High, 220 Marshfield ave. ; Kittle E. Graham, Headley, 38 Bryant ave.; Mattie Graham, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 333 Cooper, 650 W. Twelfth; Miriam L. Graham, Clarke, 650 W. Twelfth; Annie S. Grant, Keith, Woodruff Hotel; Sarah R. Grant, Douglas, 2941 Indiana ave.; Nellie Green, Dore, 83 N. Curtis; Lillian E. Greene, Wells, 466 W. Randolph; Mary Greene, West Thirteenth Street, 336 W. Polk; Emma M. C. Greenleaf, Wentworth ave., 6557 Mary L. Greenleaf, Jones, Oak Park, 111.; Tilly Greifen- hagen, Cooper, 173 Blue Island ave.; Fanny A. Griffin, Hayes, 256 S . Ashland ave. ; Mary E . Griffin, Scammon, 162 S. Desplaines; Margaret M. Gubbins, Heudley, 767 Racine ave., L. V.; Julia Gunderson, Kosciusko, 393 W. Erie; Eugenie F. Guth, Garfield, 402 W. Congress. Emma 0. Haas, Throop, 15 Blue Island ave.; Ralph J. Haase, Burr, 210 Waubansia ave.; Ida M. Haberland, Andersen, 533 N . Ashland ave . ; Patty A . Hack, New- berry, 201 Lincoln ave. ; Frieda Haeger, Emerson, 365 W. Taylor; Bessie Haines, Marquette, 288 S. Ashland ave.; Mary B . Haire, Ogden, 52 Lincoln ave . ; Bella M . Halket, Carpenter, 281 Park ave . ; Margaret Halket, Montefiore, 281 Park ave.; Alfarata R. Hall, Marquette, 224 S. Paul- ina; Annie R. Hall, McClellan, 3016 Vernon ave.; Emo- gene E. B. Hall, Skinner, 93 Laflin; Lizzie T. C. Hamm, Walsh, 536 W. Jackson; Magdalene Handt, Longfellow & Holden, 183 W. Randolph; Roberta W. Hanna, Elizabeth Street, 227 S. Lincoln; Annie G. Hannan, Throop, 264 Henry; Kate Hannan, Hayes, 1026 W. Monroe; Mary Hannan, King, 1026 W. Monroe; Mary F. Hannan, Throop, 264 Henry; Etta Hannahs, Webster, 3158 Wabash ave.; Mary C. F. Hanning, Thomas Ho^ne, 211 La Salle ave., Dagmar Hansen, McClellan, 59 University pi.; Annie I. Hanson, Burr, 230 N. May; Hermann Hanstein, Special Teacher Drawing, 361 Mohawk; Katie A. Hanton, Headley, 83 Racine ave . ; Anna Harder, Marquette, 534 Wells; Nellie Hardick, King, 145 S. Western ave.; Agnes M. Hardinge, LaSalle, 720 Wells; Rachel Hargrove, 334 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Pickard, 227 Moore; Mary A. Harkin, Armour Street, 658 W. Ohio; William Harkins, North DiA r ision High, 147 Throop; Jennie W. Harkness, Skinner, 708 W. Adams; Hattie C. Hartmann, Thos. Hoyne, 350 State; Nellie E. Harnett, Ward, 12 Ray ave. ; Mary S. L. Hartigan, Wash- ington, 456 W. Ohio; Lizzie L. Hartney, Franklin, 459 North ave.; Letitia M. Harvey, Brown, 50 S. Sheldon; Celia P. Hatch, Ward, 3013 Indiana ave.; Victorine M. Havenhill, Raymond, 3743 Forest ave.; Anton ia Hower- kamp, Franklin, 139 Oak; Mary Howerkamp, Jones, 139 Oak; Lily S. Hawley, Throop, 408 W. Congress; Ella J. Hawthorne, Wentworth Avenue, 122 Twentieth; Marie A. Hayes, Walsh, 730 Throop; Mary E. Hayes, Wells, 434 W. Ohio; Sarah Hayes, Brainard, 636 W. Sixteenth; Har- riett F. Hayward, Clarke, 129 S. Peoria; Laura Hayward, Garfield, 129 S. Peoria; Susan M. Hayward, Clarke, 129 S. Peoria; Florence P. Hazard, Raymond, 2925 Wabash ave. ; Emma J. Heath, Burr, Winnetka, 111. ; George W. Heath, Ogden, Winnetka, 111.; Celia Hefter, Haven, 1415 Michigan ave.; Eugenia Hegan, Wentworth Avenue, 218 Twenty-ninth; Mary Hegan, Healy, 218 Twenty-ninth ; Theo. L. Hegan, Cottage Grove, 218 Twenty-ninth; Clara Heidenheimer, La Salle, 695 N. Park ave. ; Luella Hein- roth, Calumet Avenue, 216 Twenty-ninth; Othelia T. Heller, Cooper, 628 Blue Island ave. ; Nellie F. Hender- son, Newberry, 663 Sedgwick; Mary A. Hennigan, Frank- lin, 27 E. Erie; Mary D. Henning, W. Fourteenth Street, 138 Barber; Carrie J. Henrickson, Kosciusko, 423 W. In- diana; Dora Heuermann, Throop, 120 Clybourn ave.; Emma J. A. Heuermann, Newberry, 120^ Clybourn ave. ; Minna Heuermanu, Headley, 120 Clybourn ave.; Frank S. Heywood, Lincoln, 708 Fullerton ave.; Mary B. Hib- bard, Vedder Street, 245 La Salle ave. ; David F. Hicks, West Division High, 1034 W. Monroe; Maggie M. Hickey, Brighton, 3089 Lyman; Addie E. Hiestand, Jefferson, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 335 749 W. Harrison; Emily L. Hiestand, Clarke, 749- W. Harrison; Mary E. Higbee, Kinzie, 301 Illinois; Clara E. Higby, West Division High, 273 W. Van Buren; Jennie Higgins, Wells, 349 Paulina; Katie Higgins, Web- ster, 2923 Broad; Delia L. Hildreth, Anderson, 907 W. Harrison; Fred A. Billiard, Wells, 518 W. Harrison; Clara M. Hinchman, Jefferson, 149 S. Morgan; Hattie L. Hinchman, Cooper, 149 S. Morgan; Minna Hink, Ray- mond, 593 N. Clark; Amalia Hirschfeld, Oakley, 17 Grant; Sue C. Hise, Raymond, 3222 Indiana ave.; Helen B. Hoffman, Cottage Grove, 3817 Johnson pi.; Alice A. Hogan, Throop, 21 Winthrop pi. ; Joanna E. Hogan, Shel- don, 73 Hill; Kate L. Holden, Brown, 174 Warren ave.; Mary E . Holligan, W . Fourteenth Street, 206 Maxwell ;, Anna M. Holmes, Anderson, 691 Seymour; Dena L. Holmes, La Salle, 62 Wisconsin; Mary L. Holmes, Eliza- beth Street, 925 W. Harrison; Carrie Homan, Marquette, 29 Aldine sq. ; Emma Hooke, N ewberry, 305 Webster ave. ; Mary J. Hooley, Foster, 492 S. Union; Emily Hopf, Wells, 7 Samuel; Josephine L. Hopkins, Moseley, 2813 Calumet ave. ; Nellie T. Horan, Webster, 3220 Dearborn; S. Annie Horlock, Sheridan, 2528 Calumet ave. ; J. Anna G. Hornby, Scammon, 18 N. Throop; Julia C. Howe, Emerson, 119 N. Ashland ave.; Lydia Howe, Scammon, 215 S. Peoria; Thekla Hoyer, Irving 15 S. Sheldon; Anna L. Hubbel, Grant, 1055 Wilcox ave.; Isabelle E. Hudson, Central Park, 873 Park ave. ; Frances M. Hughes, Armour Street, 354 W. Huron ; Edith Huguenin, West Division High, 531 La Salle ave.; Virginia Huguenin, Franklin, 531 La Salle ave . ; Laura E . Hull, King, 451 S . Leavitt ; Lizzie Hull, La Salle, Lake View, 111. ; Anna E. Hundt, Thomas Hoyne, 184 La Salle ave. ; Ellen A. Hunt, Newberry, 24 Wisconsin; Frances C. Hurd, Jefferson, 925 W. Harrison, Mary L. Hurley, La Salle, 345 N. Franklin; Mary HyJand, Kosciusko, 280 W. Ohio. 336 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Lillian Ingalls, Armour Street, 558 Austin ave.; Maud E. Ingersoll, Keith, 3158 Forest ave.; Helen C. Ingram, Jefferson, 1072 Wilcoxave.; Fannie M. Isham, Elizabeth Street, 218 Warren ave. G. Ovedia Jacobs, Motley, 170. Is. Morgan; Mary E. Jairen, Polk Street, 353 N. Market; Marguerite G. James, Moseley, 311 Thirtieth; Alice W. Jameson, W. Fourteenth Street, 859 W. Adams ; Amelia Jampolis, Vedder Street, 392 Larrabee ; Frances S. Jeneson, Brown, Maywood, 111 . ; Minnie E. Jeneson, Wells, Maywood, 111.; Agatha A. Jen- nings, Walsh, 145 Aberdeen; Belle T. Jennings, Irving, 101 2 W . Monroe ; M . Imogene Jennings, Longfellow, 145 Aberdeen; Mary F. Jephson, Healey, 2531 Wentworth ave.; Mina D. Jenson, Newberry, 158 Howe; Anna Johnson, Webster, 3922 Indiana ave.; Calla S. Johnson, King, 1091 W. Jackson ; Cecelia Johnson, Sheridan, 3922 Indiana ave . ; Eleanor B. Johnson, Douglas, 3-1-73 Cornell ave., H. P.; Eliza A. Johnson, West Jackson Street, 267 Campbell ave .; HattieA. Johnson, Carpenter, 297 Hermi- tage ave.; Lena F. Johnson, Cottage Grove, 3727 Langley ave. ; Lorena M . Johnson Ogden, 426 Oak ; Sarah B. John- son Pearson Street, 361 Dayton; Harriet P. Johnston, Cottage grove, 1205 E. Forty-third ; Lucia Johnston, Jef- ferson, 181 Park ave.; Mary F. Johnston, Holden, Dexter ave.; near Ashland ave.; Claude M. Jones, Skinner, 254 W. Congress; Mary E. Jones, West Division High, 261 Warren ave . ; Mary J . Jones, Skinner, 254 W . Congress, Winifred E. Jones, Dore, 254 W. Congress ; Katie Josephi, Ward, 139 Twenty-sixth; Isabel T. Joy, Franklin, 228 Sedgwick ; Nellie Joy, Franklin, 228 Sedgwick ; Emily L. Joyce, Foster, 120 Henry ; Libbie Joyce, Lincoln, 412 Center; Lizzie Jnsti, Burr, 196 Center ave. Lydia Kaiser, Motley and Carpenter, 1735 Diversey; Lena Kalisky, West Jackson Street, 462 W. Kandolph; Minna Kambli, Franklin, 63 Goethe; Loretta Kane, Lang- SCHOOL TEACHERS. 337 land, 984 N. Leavitt; Maggie A. Kane, Brighton, 1528 Douglas ave. ; Mary T. Kavanagh, Wentworth Avenue, 240 Sherman; Alice E. Kearns, Walsh, 11G W. Jackson; Sarah J. B. Kearsley, Brenan, 2834 Main; Lizzie A. Kelley, Brenan, 2724 Hickory; H. Amelia Kellogg, Douglas, 37 Oak ave.; Minnie P. F. Kellogg, Wentworth Avenue, Indiana ave.; Mary E. Kelly, Holden, 2957 Deering; Theresa Kelly, Polk Street, 219 Laflin; Ella M. Kelter, Montefiore, 1407 Filmore; Anna C. Kelwig, Franklin, 76 Sedgwick; Lizzie M. Kennedy, Skinner, G97 Washington bould.; Annie D. Kenny, Franklin, 298 E. Superior; Mary E. Kent. Ward, 191 Twenty-fourth pi.; Annie J. Ker- rigan, Holden, cor. Gage and Thirty-sixth; Mary E. Kessell, West Fourteenth Street, 259 W. Fourteenth; Carrie C. Kevan, Wells, 492 W. Superior; Ida M. G. Kewley, Douglas, 3111 Wabash ave.; Annie Kilie, Polk Street, 69 Ewing; Ellen Kilie, Garfield, 69 Ewing; Cecilia E. Kilroy, Sheldon, 121 Ontario; Ida A. Kimball, Holden, 3025 Cottage Grove ave. ; Annie E. King, Brighton, 3232 Paulina; Fanny J. King, Hayes, 277 Park ave., Isabella King, Moseley, 2827 Wabash ave.; Mary A. Kingsley, Brown, Park Kidge, 111.; Sallie E. Kinsella, Headley, 339 F. Indiana; Alfred Kirk, Moseley, 2312 Wabash ave.; Lizzie Kirk, Moseley, 2312 Wabash ave. ; Dora H. Kirkeby, Washington, 100 Park; Sarah A. Kirkley, Montefiore, 6 Union Park pi.; Carrie K. Kirschner, Washington and Lincoln Streets, 777 N. Wood; Mary L. Kissell, Mosely, 2413 Prairie ave.; Amelia Klare, Douglas, 70 N. Clark; Sena Klein, Polk Street, 509 W. Congress; Lina Klein pell, Hayes, 325 Lincoln ave.; Emma Kniepde, Webster, 187 Twenty-second; Julia A. Knight, Walsh, 373 W. Monroe; Ida L. Knudsoii, Burr, 6 W. Ohio; Jennie C. Knudson, Langland, 6 W. Ohio; Mary T. Koehle, Arnold, 395 Dayton; Margaret M. Koerper, Lincoln, 1329 Lill ave., L. V.; Elizabeth Kolb, Ward, 69 Hill; Louise F. Koll- 22 338 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. morgen, G-arfield, 3224 Graves pi.; Fannie E. P. Kraft, Sheridan, Jefferson, 111.; Minerva H. Kreamer, Thomas Hoyne, 92 N. Wells; Elise Krieger, Pickard, 47 Moore; Lillie F. Krigger, Motely, 883 Fulton; Agnes Krixler, 2925 Groveland ave. ; Louisa Kroeber, Headley, 47 S. Franklin; M. Eugenia, Kyle, Armour Street, 409 W. Indiana. Hattie E. Laing, Marquette, 610 W. Van Buren; Lucy Laing, Jefferson, 610 AV. Van Buren; Antonia Lakay, Thomas Hoyne and Ogden, 393 Wells; Mary LaLande, Foster^ 209 Maxwell; Charlotte Lamb, La Salle, 508 Wells; Grace A. Lamb, Thomas Hoyne, 334 Warren ave.; Ida Lizzie Lamb, Headley, 236 Bissell; Margaret E. La Monte, Calumet Avenue, 3138 S. Park ave.; Abbie E. Lane, Douglas, 3550 Forest ave.; Annie Annette Lang, Arnold, 299 E. Chicago ave.; Clara A. L. Lang, Vedder Street, 299 E. Chicago ave.; Marie C. Lange, Hayes, 158 Park ave.; Emma L. Lantry, Kosciusko, 714 Wells; James W. Larimore, North Division High, 454 La Salle ave. ; Julia S. Latimer, South Division High, 2448 Prairie ave. ; Mary J. Law, Douglas, 944 E. Thirty-ninth; Ellen Leadwith, Jones, 1824 State; Susan D. Leary, Webster, 3136 Emerald ave. ; Annie Evelyn Ledden, Cooper, 323 Loomis ; Helen C. Ledden, Jefferson, 323 Loomis ; Emily Lee, Scammon, 394 W. Jackson; Mary E. Le Febvre, Oakley, 962 Warren ave.; Alice R. Legge, Von Humboldt, 67 Fowler; Mary P. Leiferman, Oakley, 1301 Michigan ave.; Lillie Lein, Wells, 592 W. Huron; Bridget T. Lennon, Foster, 2957 Deering; Helen W. Lester, Jones, 282 Idaho ; Julia E. P. Lester, Cottage Grove; 3143 Groveland ave.; Anna H. W. Letter- mann, McClellan, 420 Thirty-first ; Emma M. Letz, Car- penter, 812 W. Jackson; Cora E. Lewis, Webster, Blue Island, 111. ; Rose A. Lewis, Longfellow, 248 W. Congress; Louise C. Litka, Huron Street, 295 Fulton ; Luella V. Little, Garfield, 283 W. Adams ; Christine Livingston, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 339 Brown, 375 Winchester ave.; Mary E. Livingston, Brown, 375 Winchester ave.; Emma Lloyd, Montefiore, 326 Fulton, Sara M. Lloyd, Braiuard, 529 Oakley ave. ; Hannah B. Locke, Skinner, 451 W. Jackson; Clara Lonergan, Jeffer- son, 250 Laflin; Maggie T. Lonergan,- Cooper, 250 Laflin, Anna E. Long, Marquette, 84 Loomis ; Florence Long, Dore, 89 S. Paulina ; John H. Loomis, Wells, 11 Bishop ct. ; Gertrude V. Lord, Scammon, 91 Laflin ; Mary L. Lord, West Division High, 142 De Kalb ; Martha J. Lou- don, Jones, 101 Thirty- seventh; Carrie Louise Lovejoy, Pearson Street, 254 La Salle ave. ; Sophronia A. Lovelace, Scammon, 320 Fulton; Mary Lowe, Washington, 99 N. Centre Ave.; Eliza Lundegreen, Von Humboldt, 916 N. California ave. ; Frances Lundegreen, von Humboldt, 916 N. California ave. ; Charlotte Lundh, Montefiore, 459 W. Huron; Fannie E. Lynch, Oak Street, 20 Twomey; Mary E. Lynch, Wells, 452 Fulton; Annie M. Lynde, Huron Street, Waukegan, 111.; Delia A. L. Lynn, Kinzie, 133 N. Market. Marion L. W . MacClintock, South Division High, Blue Island ave. ; Alfonso E. MacDonald, McClellan, 59 Univer- sity pi.; Belle H. MacDonald, Montefiore, 739 Carroll ave.; Jennie MacWhorter, Ass't Sp. Teacher Drawing, 196 N. State; Abbie G. McAllister, Mosley, Englewood, 111.; Margaret L. McAuley, Keith, 2222 Wabash ave.; Isabella McBeath, Carpenter, 402 Washington Bould.; Nellie G. McCabe, Ward, 2552 Butterfield; Rosa A. Mc- Cabe, Sheridan, 2552 Butterfield; Mary L. McCafferty, Garfield, 377 S. Halstead; Minnie McCann, Sheldon, 286 N. State; Elizabeth McCarthy, Raymond, 2929 Michigan ave.; Lizzie M. McCarthy, Franklin, 172 Oak; Mary Mc- Carthy, Lincoln Street, 22 Rumsey; Maggie M. McCarthy, Wells, 452 Fulton; Ella W. McCauley, Lincoln, 84 Lin- coln ave.; Ellen C. McClements, Anderson, 588 N. Robey; Mary McClements, Anderson, 588 N. Robey; Jessie B. 340 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. McClure, Elizabeth Street, 259 "Warren ave.; Catherine A. McCoart, Sheldon, 353 N. Market; Maggie B. McCol- lum, Longfellow, 252 W. Thirteenth; Annie M. B. Mc- Conville, Raymond, 3134 Butterfield; M. Josephine Mc- Conville, Ward, 3134 Butterfield; Rose F. C. McConville, Raymond, 3134 Butterfleld; Anna A. M. McCorquodale, Scammon, 30 Park ave.; Anna L. McCuen, Raymond, 3541 Michigan ave.; Emma A. H. McDermott, Jones, 1205 State; Sarah A. McDonald, Wicker Park, 202 Erie; Frances W. McDonnell, Vedder Street, 256 N Franklin; Mary G. McDougall, Wells, 671 Van Buren; Jennie N. McDowell, Mosley, 2358 Dearborn; Julia P. McEachron, Douglas, 3728 Calumet ave.; Minnie E. EcElligott, Hoi- den, 2822 Bonfield; Sadie L. McElligott, Brenan, 2822 Bonfield; Grace E. McFarland, Cooper, 294 Marshfield ave. ; Clara H. McFarlin, Sheridan, 3047 Groveland ave.; Katie B . McGarty. Throop, 85 S . Jefferson ; Annie T . McGear3 T , Wicker Park, 795 Dickson ; Mary F. M. McGee, Carpen- ter, 718 N. Shober ; Annie M. A. McGetrick, Pearson Street, 59 Whiting; Lizzie A. McGillen, Arnold, 967 N. Halsted ; A. Terese McGinley, Scammon, 396 W. Jackson ; Julia McGrane, Oak Street, 145 E . Division ; Mary T . McGrath, Keith, 498 Thirty-seventh ; May E . McGregor, Skinner, 692 W. Monroe; Theresa L. McGuire, Kinzie, 290 E. Indiana; Lula M. McHenry, Garfield, 185 S. San- gamon ; Lavinia H . Mclntosh, Dore, 1 13 Warren ave . ; Minnie E. Mclntyre, Lawndale, Hinsdale, 111.; M. Nelly McKain, Webster, 390 Thirty-fifth; Francis M. McKay, Washington, 134 Warren ave.; Jennie S. McKay, Cooper, 293 Marshfield ave.; Jennie McKenzie, Garfield, 235 Max- well; Martha A. H. McKenzie, Armour Street, 917 Ful- ton; Jennie J. McKeon, Garfield, 362 W. Polk; Lizzie A. McKeon, Dore, 362 W. Polk; Margaret McKeon, Pearson Street, 133 Vedder ; Isabel McLaren, Headley, 24 Wiscon- sin ; Maggie E. McLaughlin, Wells, 144 N. Westei n ave . ; SCHOOL TEACHERS. 341 Agnes McLean, Pickard, 170 S. Peoria ; Lizzie M. McLean, Pickard, 170 S. Peoria ; Katie E. McMahon, Wicker Park, 267 W. Monroe ; Lizzie L. McManus, Polk Street, 447 S. Halsted ; Marilla A . McMilleu, Raymond, 3524 Vernon ave. : Alice S. McNanley, West Thirteenth Street, 311 W. Thirteenth ; Sophie E. Maack, Douglas, 3118 Indiana are. ; Belle G . Mackie, Pearson Street, 720 Wells ; Marian Mack- way, Pearson Street, 379 Center; Nellie Mackey, Walsh, 291 S. Jefferson; Mary E. Madden, Grant, 1057 Wilcox ave.; Belle I. Magee, West Thirteenth Street, 601 W. Twelfth; Marion E. Magee, West Thirteenth Street, 601 W. Twelfth; Jennie C. Maguire, Healy, 325 Garfield bould.; Frances M. V. Mahaffey, Clarke, 63 W. Eleventh; Minnie M. Mahlede, Clarke, 334 North ave; Clara H. P. Maho- ney, Longfellow, 720 W. Congress; Margaret K. Mahoney, La Salle, 64 Whiting; Kittie E. Maloney, Garfield, 250 Forquer; Nellie Maloney, Emerson, 145 N. Ashland ave . ; Kate Manierre, Moseley, 2352 Prairie ave . ; Eliza- beth A. Mann, Central 'Park, 774 Walnut; Emma D. Mann, Central Park, 774 Walnut; Marie Louise Mann, Pickard, 95 W. Thirteenth; Mary E. Manning, West Fourteenth Street, 503 S. Jefferson; Minnie E. Marble, Emerson, 625 Washington bould.; Mary T. Maroney, Walsh, 41 Eighteenth; Philomena V. Marre, Foster, 152 Lytle; Emeline Marsh, Thomas Hoyne, 307 Indiana; Mary R. Marsh, Webster, Normal Park; Mary E. Marshall, Jones, 417 S. Clark; Clara T. Martin, Healy, 3712 Emer- ald ave.; Edith A. Martin, Sheldon, 278 Oak; Nellie E. Martin, Haven, 199 Maxwell; Emma Marr, Foster, 130 Lincoln ave. ; Anna J. Mason, McClellan, 262 S. Paulina; Maggie F. Mason, Brainard, 262 S. Paulina; Mary E. Mason, Franklin, 514 Racine ave.; Mary R. E. Mason, Dore, 15 S. Halsted; Sarah C. Mason, Sheridan, Engle- wood; Elizabeth E. Mather, King, 301 Campbell ave.; Hanna Matzinger, Wicker Park, Humboldt Park; Florence 342 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. M. Maxfield, Irving, 414 S. Leavitt; Ella C. Mayhew, Newberry, 134 Seminary ave. ; Maria T. Meagher, Vedder Street, 299 N. Franklin; Bella M. Mear, West Fourteenth Street; 231 S. Morgan; Mary E. Mellor, Newberry, Win- netka; Nellie S. Melody, Brenan, 3139 Prairie ave.; Annie T. Mende, Arnold, 118 Fremont; Genevra Merriam, Jones, 23 Twenty-third; Caroline H. Merrick, North Division High, 481 La Salle ave.; Georgiana W. Merrill, Pickard, 38 Moore; Alden N. Merriman, Hayes, 820 W. Monroe; Ida B. Methlow, Headley, 827 N. Clark; Esther Meyer, Walsh, 16 String; Ida Meyer, Brown, 506 Fulton; Lucretia C. Miller, Jefferson, 290 Marshfield ave.; Fannie S. Miller, Motley, 270 W. Huron; Kate T. Miller, Thomas Hoyne, 111 Ohio; Mary A. Miller, Franklin, 111 Ohio; Minnie E. Miller, Clarke, 41 Norton; Pauline Misch, West Division High, 214 Schiller; Laura Evelyn Miner, Skinner, Oak Park; Nellie H. Moakley, La Salle, 480 Webster ave; Johanna E. Moberg, Pick- ard, 342 Parmalee; Mary A. Mohan, Oak Street, 90 Elm; Francis E. Mole, Moseley, Forty-second, east of Drexel bould.; Alice E. Moody, McClellan, 866 Thirty-fourth; Louise S. Moore, Walsh, Englewood, 111.; Harriet A. Morey, Brainard, 534 Idaho; M. Dora Morgan, Oakley, 705 Carroll ave. ; Nellie A. Morgan, Emerson, 705 Carroll ave. ; Donald L. Merrill, Anderson, 166 Dearborn ave. ; Abbie W. Morrison, Lincoln, 72 Grant pi.; Anna M Mor- timer, Franklin, 189 Wells; Blanche D. Montgomery, Huron Street, 167 Dearborn ave.; Maggie C. Mouat, Washington, 548 Washington bould. ; Annie K. Moulton, Skinner, 25 Waverly pi. ; Minnie A. L. Mouns, Jefferson, 323 Loomis; Mary A. Moynihan. McClellan, 29 Thirty- eighth; Elfrieda Mumm, Scammon, 374 Dayton; Henry F. Munroe, West Division High, 821 W. Jackson; Alice M. Murchison, Emerson, 441 Washington bould.; Anna Mur- phey, Brighton, 3301 Ashland ave.; Anna M. Murphy, SCHOOL TEACHERS. ' 343 Ward, 3160 La Salle ave.; Ellen A. Murphy, Vedder Street, 278 Sedgwick; Fannie A. Murphy, Douglass, 5324 Washington ave., H. P.; Julia T. Murphy, Pearson Street, 82 Milton ave.; Lizzie M. Murphy, Oak Street, 160 La Salle ave.; Lizzie W. Murphy, Washington, 476 W. Ohio; Teresa M. Murphy, W. Fourteenth Street, 31 Nebraska; Belle M. Murray, Kosciusko, 711 Fulton; Charlotte A. Murray, Montefiore, 260 N. Franklin; Sue B. Myers, Polk Street, 725 Washington bould.; Sadie E. Meyers, Emer- son, 725 Washington bould. Anna A . Nash, Haven, 3251 Indiana ave . ; Mary J. L. Nealis, Montefiore. 29 W. Huron; Clara Nelson, Wells, 857 Milwaukee ave.; Laura Neuhaus, Cottage Grove, 35 University pi . ; Emma Neuschafer, North Division High, 369 Mohawk; Huldah H. Newell; Ogden, Evanston, 111.; Jennie S. Newton, Lincoln Street, 885 Washington bould.; Minnie Nicolai, Polk Street and Foster, 53 Goethe; Henri- etta G. Niehaus, Holden, 2407 Indiana ave.; Tillie M. Niehaus, Holden, 2407 Indiana ave.; AnnaM. Nilsson, Keith, 3652 Dearborn; Emma M. Nissen, Lincoln, 167 Schiller; Augusta E. Noll, Throop, 573 W. Fourteenth; Harriet Nourse, Keith, 3848 Dearborn; Annie S. Novotny, Clarke, 12 Spruce; Maria P. Noyes, West Jackson Street, 385 W. Adams. Jennie H. O'Brien, Carpenter, 19 Walnut; Mary E. O'Brien, Franklin, 25 Goethe; Minnie T. O'Brien, Carpen- ter, 19 Walnut; Anna M. O'Connor, Brighton, 947 Thirty- fourth; Delia M. 0, Connor, Brennan, 767 N. Park ave.; Dora L. O'Connor, Newberry, 1033 N. Clark; Florence N. O'Connor, Lincoln, 681 Fullerton ave.; Kittie L. O'Con- nor, Holden, 947 Thirty-fourth; Lilla O'Connor, Lincoln, 681 Fullerton ave.; Mary A. O'Connor, Brighton, 2517 Cologne; Nellie A. O'Connor, Oak Street, 127 N. Market; MaryL. O'Toole, Oakley, 93 Seymour; Louise E. Oakman, Burr, 689 N. Robey; Mary C. M. Oberlander, Washington, 344 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 208 W. Ohio; Jennie B. Okeson, Ward, 2821 Indianaave,; Fanny E. Oliver, Kosciusko, 294 Washington Bould.: Albertina J. Olson, Montefiore, 114 Walnut; Henrietta E. Olson, Emerson, 114 Walnut; Joseph ineOrton, Montefiore, 232 Park ave. ; Libbie M. Osborne, Holden, 3205 Prairie ave. ; Lilla A. Osborne, Holden, 3205 Prairie ave.; Clara Otterstedt, Moseley, 139 Lincoln ave.; Maria A. Owen, Haven, 1827 Wabash ave. Hannah E. Page, Irving, 88 Flournoy; Laura M. Page, Skinner, 32 Ogden; May A. Page, Cooper, 12 S. Curtis; Nellie S. Page, Burr, 739 Dixon; Ida M. Pahlman, Long- fellow, Naperville, 111. ; Letty N. Palmer, Cooper, 95 Am- brose; Marietta L. Palmer, Vedder Street, 292 Wells; Clementina Parantau, Anderson, 28 Evergreen ave. ; Lillie E. Parantau, Anderson, 28 Evergreen ave. ; Alvilda Parelius, Motley, 85 W. Huron; Etha L. Parker, Scam mon, 430 W. Jackson; Mattie J. Parker, Douglas, 2715 Wabash ave.; Sara E. Patchel, Clarke, 228 S. Peoria; Ella Pat- terson, Cooper, 111 Abderdeen; Lizzie M. Patterson, Wicker Park, 151 Fowler; Mary Patterson, Skinner, 111 Aberdeen; Lillie E. Paulk, King, 411 Idaho; William M. Payne, South Division High, 2221 Wabash ave.; Maggie J. Pea- cock, W. Fourteenth Street, 272 W. Twefth; Hattie P. Peck, Marquette, 720 W. Monroe; Harriet 0. Peeke, Lincoln Street, 169 Dearborn ave.; Ella B. Pierce, Wentworth Avenue 1911 Wabash ave,; Laura Peltzer, Jones, 412 Belden ave.; Elvira Pennell, Lawndale, 1060 Millard ave . ; H. Avis Perdue, Eaymond, 3536 Prairie ave.; Ira W. Peittibone, North Division High, Austin, 111.; Mary K. Pierce, Douglas, 4159 Grand Bould.; Alice F. Piper, Brighton, 3521 Bloom; Lilian Phelps, Vedder Street, 373 Burling; Mary A. Phelps, Hayes, 158 Park ave . ; Sophie A . Phelps, Central Park, 776 Walnut; Margaret E. Philbrick, La Salle, 581 Wells; Minnie Plunkett, Foster, 149 Noble; Elsa V. L, Port, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 345 Armour Street, 108 Park ave.; Cora Porter, Langland^ 185 N. Paulina; Ella M. Porter, Mosely, 2416 Indiana ave.; Helen Edith Porter, Motley, 185 N. Paulina; Louisa I. Poppelbaum, Newberry, 1737 Diversy ave., L. V.; Cora C . Powell, Wells, 40 St. John's pi. ; Mary E. Powell, Polk Street, 310 S. Halsted; Mary Frances Powers, Web- ster, 2929 Shields ave.; Harriet S. Pratt, Ogden, 99 Wal- ton pi.; Sadie F. Pratt, Marquette, 927 Harrison; Amelia M. A. Preudergast, Oakley, 883 Fulton; Mary C. Price, Throop, 344 Marshfield ave . ; Mary V. S . Price, Carpenter, 41 N. Ada; Phebe Pride, Dore, 352 S. Hoyne ave.; Han- nah E. Proctor, Lincoln, 1418 Dunning; Mary F. Purer, Marquette, 54 Johnson; Mary L. Purinton, Lincoln, 447 Belden ave. Mary C. Quinlan, Wentworth Avenue, 1532 Wabash ave.; Kate A. Quinn, Brown, 220 Marshfield ave.; Eosa C . Quinn, VonHumboldt, 778 Dana ave . ; Sadie Quinn, Foster, 449 W. Congress; Mary E. Quirk, Oakley, 683 Carroll ave . ; Mary J . Quirk, Oakley, 654 Carroll ave. Nellie Bafferty, Wicker Park, 295 N. Lincoln; KoseE. Rafferty, Motley, 446 W. Huron; Sarah C. Ralph, McClel- lan, 2849 Deering; Laura A. Randall, Moseley, 124 Twen- ty-fourth ; Harriet A . Ranney, Hayes, 754 Carroll ave.; Albertina Raven, Ward, 193 Twenty-fourth pi.; Grace K. Redfield, Washington, 56 Park ave.; Grace M. Redfield, Lawndale, Hinsdale, 111.; Alta Gratia Reed, West Division High, 4330 Bellevue ave.; Josephine C. Reed, Cottage Grove, 4330 Bellevue ave.; Mary L. Reed, Garfield, Englewood, 111. ; Pauline M. Reed, Cottage Grove, 4,330 Bellevue ave. ; Katie A. Reedy, Walsh, Continental Hotel; Nellie L. C. Reeves, Wentworth Avenue, 2,534 Wabash ave.; Annie L. Reid, Calumet ave., 77 Twenty-sixth; Jane F. Reid, Calumet Avenue, 77 Twenty-sixth; Maggie C. Reilly, West Fourteenth Street, 381 West Taylor; Rose Reilly, Motley, Austin, 111. ; Esther 346 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. A. Renshaw, Franklin, 58 Goethe; Jennie E. Reynolds, Holden, 2,447 Michigan ave; Mary A. Reynolds, Huron Street, 306 Hudson ave. ; Charlotte M. Ribolla, Douglas, 3243 Butterfield; Carrie Allen Rice, Holden, Englewood, 111.; Martha J. B. Rice, Burr, 49 Rawson; Mary E. S. B. Rice, Walsh, 222 Marshfield ave.; Clara M. Richardson, Walsh, 680 West Madison; Mary M. Richardson, LaSalle, 4,520 Wabash ave.; Lizzie Riehl, Webster, Englewood, 111. ; Amanda M. Ringland, Dore, 715 West Erie; Kittie A. Riordan, Brainard, 267 Hermitage ave. ; Lavinia Ritter, Sheldon and Kinzie, 344 Wells; Hannah Roberts, Polk Street, 343 West Congress; Christine W. Robertson, Wells, 480 W. Huron; Adelia E. Robinson, Central Park, 10 Artesian ave. ; Albert R. Robinson, Dore, Hinsdale, 111.; Nellie H. Robinson, Grant, 739 West Harrison; Agnes Rodatz, Douglas, Englewood, 111. ; Mary C . Rogers Von Humboldt, Jefferson, 111.; Hatfcie C. Roland, Franklin, 17 Carl; Ada C. Rood, Vedder Street, 259 Fremont; Elizabeth B. Root, Motley, 435 AVashington Bould . ; Helen 0. Root, Douglas, 3236 Calumet ave.; Orpha E. Rose, Walsh, 149 South Morgan; Julia L. Rosenthal, Thomas Hoyne, 343 Elm; Claire E. S. Rossler, West Fourteenth Street, 57 West Randolph; Phoebe E. Rothfuss, Brenan, 2119 Michi- gan ave. ; Sarah J. I. Rourier, W'entworth Avenue, 122 Twentieth; Frances W. Rowland, Polk Street, 91 Laflin; Fanny A. Royall, Cooper, 44 Pearce; Mary E. Royall, Walsh, 44 Pearce; Mary E. Royce, Marquette, 159 War- ren ave . ; Carrie H. Ruarc, Haven, Continental Hotel . ; Martha M. W. Ruggles, Huron Street; 240 Oak; Leantha E. Russell, Foster, South Chicago; Kate J. Russell, Hayes, 794 West Monroe; Lizzie M. Russell, Dore, 794 West Monroe; Lou M. Russell, Cooper, 185 S. Morgan; Marion L. Russell, Pickard, 185 S. Morgan; Blanca L. Ruthenberg, Franklin, 243 North ave.: Olga A. Ruthenberg, Vedder Street, 243 North ave.; Elizabeth Ryan, Newberry, 1710 SCHOOL TEACHEKS. 347 Deming ct., L. V.; Elizabeth A. Ryan, Franklin, 153 Erie; Helen A. Ryan, Brainard, Maplewood, 111.; Joanna A. Ryan, Huron Street, 492 W. Twelfth; Mary E. Ryan, Pickard, 341 Hastings; Nellie R. Ryan, Sheridan, 3002 Wabash ave. ; Sarah V. Ryan, Thomas Hoyne, 153 Erie. Albert R. Sabin, Franklin, 337 Mohawk; Rosa Samler, Wells, 262 N. May; Jaiiie S. Sanborn, Skinner, 321 W. Monroe; Nellie H. Sargent, West Jackson Street, 1105 W. Jackson; Lydia Saure, McClellan, 567 Wabash ave.; Mariah H. Say ward, Motley, 441 Washington bould.; Annie C. Scanlan, Emerson, 583 Fulton; Ellen E. Scan- lau, Ogden, 230 Chicago ave.; Martha N. C. Schach, Keith, 3740 State; Adaline S. A. Schaefer, Newberry, 391 N. State; Anna Scheuneman, Montefiore, 241 North ave.; Martha Scheuneman, Vedder Street and Oak Street, 241 North ave.; Hannah Schiff, Franklin, 279 Wells; Antoin- ette Schiffer, Franklin, 44 Beethoven pi. ; Gertrude D. Schilling, Ward, 3247 Dearborn; Bertha S. Schjoldager, Washington, 609 W. Superior; IngerM. Schjoldager, Wash- ington, 609 W. Superior; BarnardineSchlamann,Lawndale, 1060 Millard ave. ; Clara J. Schlund, Oakley, Oak Park, 111. ; Helen C. S. Schoenstedt, Clarke, 71 Hastings; Mathilde C. Schrader,0gden,281 Orchard; Minnie Schrock,0akley,715|- Washington bould. ; Anna H. Schroeder, Pearson Street, 103 Walton pi.; Manda Schroder, Brown, 57 Carpenter; Estha Schottenfels, Marquette, 721 W. Congress; Ida May Schottenfels, Garfield, 721 W. Congress; Kate Schulz, Walsh, 38 Fremont; Mary A. Sofield, Hayes, 922 W. Jack- son; Maria Scott, Skinner, 427 W. Monroe; Kate A- Scoville, King, 57 Center ave. ; Agnes L. Scully, Hayes, 812 Washington bould.; Carrie B. Seaman, Cottage Grove, 3614 Stanton ave.; Georgia A. Seaman, Cottage Grove, 3614 St.mton ave.; Johanna C. Seifert, Washington, 427 E. North ave. ; Mary Louise Sergeant, Irving, 432 W. Adams; C. Sevringhaus, Wells, 437, N. Ashland ave.; Vir- 348 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. ginia L. IT. v. H. Seyer, Newberry, 131, Clybonrn ave.; Emma Shaffner, Carpenter, 347 Washington bould. ; Jane F . Shanley, Anderson, 588 W . North ave . ; Maggie J . W . Shannon, Franklin, 534 N. Franklin; Ida Shaver, Pear- son Street, 97 Walton Place; Joanna A. F. Sheehan, Dore, 130 W. Harrison; Ella F. Sheldon, Scammon, 672 W. Adams; Ida M. Sheldon, Dore, 672 W. Adams; Julia M. Sheridan, Thos. Hoyne, 178 Cass; Marguerite A. Shirra, Walsh, 17 N. Curtis; Emma T. Shoemaker, Mar- quette, 45 Lomis; W T m. C. Shu man, Thos. Hoyne, 233 Ontario; Miriam I. Shoyer, Armour, Street, 49 N. Shel- don; Emma C. Sickels, McClellan, 137 Twenty-sixth; Jda M . Siebert, Jones, 42 Ogden ave . ; Martha Siefert, La Salle, 139 Lincoln ave.; Ella F. Simonds, Douglas, 3254 Dearborn; Mary A. H. Simpson, McClellan, 5143 Went- worth ave., Lake; Mary E. T. Skelly, Burr, 202 Web- ster ave.; Natalie H. Skorazinska, Arnold, 80 Herndon; Jennie E. Slack, Huron Street, 239 Sedgwick; Maria A. Slack, Franklin, 239 Sedgwick; Nellie Slevin, Lincoln Street, 911 Fulton; Ida May SlinglufE, Newberry, 325 Center; Jeremiah Slocum, S . Division High, 88 Twenty- sixth; Helen Marie Smeeth, Emerson, 639 W. Monroe; Julia E. Smeeth, Skinner, 639 W. Monroe; Ellen M. Smiddy, Jones, 134 Thirtieth; Caroline Smith, Garfield, 352 Hermitage ave.; Caroline E. Smith, McClellan, Englewood 111.; Eliza H. Smith, W. Jackson Street, 922 W. Jackson; Elizabeth L. Smith, Walsh, 414 W. Monroe; Fanny E. Smith, Cottage Grove, 3410 Ehodes ave.; Frances L. Smith, Haven, 54 Sixteenth; Gertrude M. Smith, Cottage Grove, 3611 Grand bould.; Grace T. Smith, Brighton, 3342 Vernon ave . ; Lizzie C . Smith, Cottage Grove, 3634 Ellis Park; Mary E. Smith, Throop, 354 W. Harrison; Mathilde Smith, N. Division High, 38 Astor; Lizzie A. Smyth, Grant, 457 W. Erie, Mary H. Smyth, Grant, 457 W. Erie; Annie L. Soelke, Wicker Park. SCHOOL TEACHERS. 349 742 Milwaukee ave.; Alice E. Sollitt, Calumet Avenue, 4020 Prairie ave. ; Fannie M. Sollitt, Calumet Avenue, 4020 Prairie ave. ; Annie M. Solner, Wicker Park, 164 N. Curtis; Minnie Werden Solomon, Thomas Hoyne, 176 N. State; Ida Southard, Haven, 3310 Rhodes ave.; Sadie Y. B. Spaulding, Headley, 281 Webster ave.; Clara J. Spencer, Oakley, 796 Carroll ave.; Marie Spiel, Jefferson, Lake \ r iew, 111.; Annie L. Spieler, Oak Street, 332 Wells; Mary L. Spoouer, Wentworth Avenue, 3545 Michigan ave. ; Juniata Stafford, Huron Street, 697 N. Park ave. ; Minnie Stafford, Huron Street, 697 N. Park ave.; Charlotte 0. Stall, Wicker Park, 740 W. Superior; Florence C. Stanley, Wicker Park, 150 Park; Fanny Stapleton, Montefiore, 153 N. Curties; Fannie E. Stapley, Wells, 33 N. Hoyne ave.; Kittie Starrett, Jefferson, 240 Laflin; Lizzie H. Starrett, West Thirteenth Street, 240 Laflin; Elizabeth A. State, Scammon, 178 Park ave; Nellie State, Scammon, 178 Park ave.; Edward F. Stearns, South Division High, 3508 Ellis ave; Maria M. Stedman, West Jackson Street, 1272 W.Monroe; Bertha Steiger, Carpenter, 381 Fulton; Emily M. C. Stevens, Scammon, 134 S. Throop; Emma Stevens, Washington, 44 S. Sangamon; Susie C. Stevens, Skinner, 352 S . Hoyne ave . ; Emma Gr . Stewart, West Jackson Street, 170 Warren ave.; Nannie Stewart, Sheldon, 623 Dearborn ave.; Lora A. Stimpson, North Division High, 223 Chestnut; Carrie R. Stone, Oakley, 70 N. Ada; Clara E. Stone, Foster, 493 Park ave.; Elmira N. Stone, Mc- Clellan, 59 University pi.; Mary A. Storen, Holden, 2968 Haines; Hattie M. Storer, Armour Street, 317 Austin ave.; Kate A. Stowe, Andersen, 33 N. Irving ave., Corydon G. Stowell, Newberry, 459 Dayton; Harriet A. Stowell, South Division High, 3400 Rhodes ave.; James M. Strasburg, North Division High, 348 Dayton; Caroline W . Straughan, Haven, 1927 Michigan ave.; Lina C. Stuedli, Keith, 1720 Frederick, L.V.; Alice Sturtevant, Elizabeth Street, 350 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 391 Warren ave.; Adelaide Sullivan, Holden, 46 Twenty- fourth; Alice M. Sullivan, Walsh, Englewood, 111.; Annie B. Sullivan, Franklin, 297 N. Franklin; Ella C. Sullivan, Oak Street, 512 Hurlbut; Lulie D. Sullivan, Holden, 38 Thirty-second court; Maggie A. Sullivan, Franklin, 297 N. Franklin; M. Minerva Sullivan, Burr, 545 Washington bould.; Mary F. Swarthout, Douglas, 3213 Vernon ave. ; Anna Swanson, Montefiore, 90 Austin ave . ; Edith S . Syme, Arnold, 51 Lincoln ave . ; Emily Synon, Garfield, 249 Blue Island ave. Alice B. Talbot, Sheldon, 295 Elm; Anna Talbot, Sheldon, 295 Elm; Hattie A. Tallman, Irving, 792 Wal- nut; Marie C. Tallman, Central Park, 792 Walnut; Annie H. Templeton, Grant, 841 W. Lake, Minnie B. Tenney, West Jackson Street, 1091 W. Jackson; Josephine Teufel, Hayes, 269Walnut; M. Ellen Thayer,Moseley, 2415 Michigan ave.; Elsbeth F. Thielepape, Sheridan, 697 N. Wells; Alice P. Thissell, Pickard, 429 W. Monroe; Emma T. Thomas, Foster, 458 W. Fifteenth; Frederica E. Thomas, Skinner, 114 Park ave.; Elsie A. Thompson, Arnold, 279 Hudson ave.; Mary A. Thompson, Clarke, 183 S. Morgan; Leona L. Thorne, Cottage Grove, 4100 Ellis ave.; Fannie L. Tierney, Moseley, 1342 E. Fortieth; Julia E. Tierney, Moseley, 1342 E. Fortieth; Laura Tierney, Armour Street, 442 W. Huron; Annie M. Tilton, Brown, 377 Warren ave.; AbbieE. Tobey, Wicker Park, 689 N. Eobey; Mary L. Tobey, Newberry, 1461 Montana; Lizzie F. Tobias, Jeffer- son, 159 S. Center ave.; MaryJ. Tobias, Dore, 159 S. Center ave.; Mary L. Todd, Irving, 1167 Lexington; Annie R. Tomlin, Sheldon, 418 Oak; Clara S. Toner, Walsh, 2837 Indiana ave.; Ella E. Toner, Jones, 2837 Indiana ave.; Hattie M. Toner, Marquette, 1248 Adams; Jennie M. Toohy, Foster, 962 Harrison; MayE. Toole, West Fourteenth Street, 23 Winthrop pi . ; Sellie H . Toole, Clarke, 23 Winthrop pi.; Alice T. Tracy, Brighton, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 351 Thirty-second, E. of Laurel; Mary Treleaven, Moteley, 357 Warren ave. ; Frank E. Tremain, Moteley, 420 "VV. Jackson; Annie E. Trimingham, Brown, 538 W. Jackson; Maggie R. Triplett, Burr, 390 W. Chicago ave. ; Agnes G. Troschel, Langland & Kosciusko, 900 Milwaukee ave . ; Annie M . Tustin, Carpenter, 710 W. Monroe; Elizabeth R. Tustin, Emerson, 710 W. Monroe; Grace Tuttle, Haven, 1701 Wabash ave.; Sarah E. Tuttle, Sheridan 301 Indiana ave.; Mary E. A. Twohig, Elizabeth Street, 55 1ST. Ada; Volney Underbill, Carpenter, 296 S. Paulina; Flora Unna, Moseley, 2352 Wabash ave. ; Emma A. TJpson, Haven, 1535 Michigan ave.; Delia F. Upton, Clarke, 720 W. Four- teenth . Mena Valy, Lincoln, 456 E. North ave.; Ella B. Van- arsdale, Skinner, 55 S. Ann; M. M. Van Bergen, Webster, G744 Wentworth ave . ; Gertie S . Van der Kolk, Brainard, 513 Idaho; Josephine E. Van Meenen, West Fourteenth Street, 20 S. May; Henry A. Vanzwoll, Irving, 327 Park ave.; Antoinette J. Visser, Jefferson, 474 Marshfield ave.; Helen M. Visser, Brainerd, 474 Marshfield ave.; Emily T. Volde, Jefferson and West Thirteenth Street, 237 Wells; Minnie C. Volk, Von Humboldt, 258 W. Div- ision; Josephine Von der Hoehl, Clark, 256 S. Ashland ave. Grace Wadleigh, Holden, 294 Washington bould.; Helen M. Waite, Brown, 712 Adams; Ida M. Waite, Franklin, 1824 Diversey, L. V.; Anna Waldschmidt, Arnold, 735 Sedgwick; Clara Walker, West Division High, 257 S. Robey; Emilie S. Walker, Brown, 142 S. Paulina; Sarah A. B. Walker, King, 339 Warren ave.; Sylvia Walker, Haven, 1841 Wabash ave.; Kittie A. Wall, Holden, 2804 Bonfield; Sarah H. Wallace, La Salle, 25 Hammond; Clara Wallenburg, Wicker Park, 7 Samuel; Ellen V. Wallenburg, Montefiore, 7 Samuel; Emily L. Wallenburg, Wells, 7 Samuel; Laura Wallenburg, Wells, 352 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. 7 Samuel; Sidonia Wallis, West Fourteenth Street, 16 Maple; Annie G. Walsh, Walsh, 544 S. Jefferson; Ellen F. Walsh, Andersen, 258 Augusta; Ellen F. Walsh, Sheridan, 3111 Portland ave.; Joanna M. Walsh, Burr, 881 Elk Grove ave.; Kate M. Walsh, Franklin, 1314 Dunning, L. V.; Kittie M. Walsh, Bienan, 815 Thirty-first; Maggie L. Walsh, Brighton, 815 Thirty-first; Mary A. Walsh, Montefiore, 167 Jefferson; Mary M. T. Walsh, Brenan, 815 Thirty-first; Nellie E. Walsh, Foster, 544 S. Jefferson; Nellie J. Walsh, Brighton, 815 Thirty- first; Nellie L. Walsh, Burr, 881 Elk Grove ave.; Sarah F. Walsh, Lincoln Street, 682 Fulton; Annie M. Ward, Haven, 290 Fifth ave.; Lizzie Warhurst, Wicker Park, 294 W. Huron; Elfriede T. Warkentien, Garfield, 180 Eumsey; Minnie A. C. War- ren, Lincoln, 1033 N. Clark; Agnes M. Watson, Lin- coln Street, 297 W. Huron; Lilian F. Watson, Cooper, 1280 W. Monroe; Nellie M. Watson, AV. Thirteenth Street, 424 W. Jackson; Carolyn Webster, Burr, 19 See- ley ave.; Eva Webster, Moteley, 452 Fulton; Mattie T. Welch, Montefiore, 743 Carroll ave.; Mary E. Welden, Longfellow, 276 Marshfield ave.; George P. Welles, West Division High, 144 Ashland ave.; Meta Wellers, Keith, Hotel Bristol; Ellen Werneburg, Walsh, Normal Park, 111. ; Pauline Werneburg, Walsh, Normal Park, 111.; Alwine Wertheim, Haven, 1435 State; Minna Wertheim, Dore, 59 La Salle ave.; 0. S. Westcott, North Division High, Maywood, 111.; Annie M. Whalen, Ward, 292 Twenty- ninth; Alice A. Wheadon, Oakley, 13 Diller; Carrie B. Whitcomb, Ogden, 96 Walton pi. ; Ella F. White, Ogdeu, 416 Center; Frances E. White, Polk Street, 466 W. Jack- son; Mary White, Newberry, 967 N. Halsted; Fannie H. Whitney, Walsh, 205 S. Peoria; Harriet J. Whitney, Wells, 86 Tolman ave.; Anna E. Whittaker, Arnold, 376 Gar- field ave.; Clara E. Whittemore, Vedder Street, 10 Vine; SCHOOL TEACHEKS. 353 Mary R. "Whitty, Haven, 2045 S . Park ave, ; Juliette Wick- er, Brown, 16 Ogden ave. ; Rosa A. Widmer, Huron Street, 164 E. Superior; Mary S. Wiggins, South Division High, 3815 Lake ave. ; Marianne S. Wilcox, Haven, 294 Thirty- eighth; Jane Willard, West Division High, 15 S. Sheldon; AdaB. Williams, Douglas, 559 Maple, Englewood; Ellen E. Williams, Garfield, 87 Aberdeen; Fannie E. Williams, Wentworth Avenue, 1417 Wabash ave. ; Frank B. Will- iams, Marquette, 14 S. Ashland ave. ; Hannah E. Williams, Scammon, 19 Pratt pi. ; Jane E. Williams, Dore, 87 Aber- deen; Christina B. Williamson, Garfield, 259 S. Jefferson; Louisa M. Wills, Irving, 119 Honore; Lottie Wilson, Kos- ciusko, 723 W. Superior; Frank S. Wilson, Skinner, 211 S. Sangamon; Kate Wilson, Foster, 103 Johnson; Lucy L. Wilson, West Division High, 72 Laflin ; Annie M. Wiltshire, Wentworth Avenue, 2025 Butterfield ; Betty Wilzin, Sheridan, 1420 Diversey, L. V.; Ann E. Winchell, North Division High, Norwood Park, 111.; Har- riet N. Winchell, Elizabeth Street, Norwood Park, 111. ; Annie E. Wing, Garfield, 743 W. Congress; Hattie W. Winter, Motley, 665 W. Monroe; Lydia Winter, Newberry, 182 Oak; Belle Winton, Hayes, 304 Walnut; Mary A. W. Wirt, Skinner, 849 W. Congress; Belle B. Wolf, Lincoln Street, 3526 Prairie ave.; Andrew J. Wood, Brown, 802 W. Monroe; Hattie M. Wood, Carpenter, 297 Hermitage ave.; Silas L. Wood, Clarke, 804 W. Monroe; Emma P. Woodard, W'alsh, 11 S. Sheldon; Ella F. Woodman, Washington, 670 W. Superior; Margaret E. Woods, Armour Street, 535 W. Erie; Mary A. Woods, W. Thir- teenth Street, 631 W. Fourteenth; Mathilde Wortman, Oakley, 42 Artesian ave. ; Mercie R. Worsf old, Sheridan, 3150 Forest ave.; Clara A. Wright, King, 607 W. Con- gress; Isabella Wright, Haven, 1918 Wabash ave.; Louisa C. Wright, Irving, 607 W. Congress. Emma Yantis, Von Humboldt, 778 Daniaave. ; France? 23 354 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. L. Yates, Hayes, 347 Walnut; Carrie May Young, Grant, 1024 W. Monroe; Ella F. Young, Skinner, 365 W. Jack- son ; Emily M. Young, Franklin, 44 Chestnut; Kate S. Young, Marquette, 331 Loomis; Lizzie M. Young, King, 1026 Congress. Gustav A . Zimmermann, Sp. Teacher of German, 683 Sedgwick; Bertha Zobel, Anderson, 15 S. Sheldon; Mary J. Zollman, Sheridan, 3106 Fifth ave. ALBERT G. LAKE. The County Superintendent of Schools was born in Gale- wood in the township of Jefferson, March 15, 1841, whence his family removed to Chicago, May 4, 1841. He was educated in the Chicago public schools and was appointed Principal of the Franklin school Nov. 8, 1858. He held this position up to the time of his election as County Superin- tendent of Schools in November, 1869. From December, 1873, to December, 1877, he was cashier of the West Side bank of Preston, Kean & Co. In November, 1877, he was reflected County Superintendent of Schools, and was once more called to that most responsible position in 1882. Among other scholastic improvements, Mr. Lane arranged a graded course of study for country schools which was adopted by the State of Illinois, and has been introduced into other states. The following is a complete list of teachers employed in the schools of Cook county, 111. : Albert G. Lane, County Superintendent of Schools; John A. Wad hams, Assistant Superintendent of Schools; Nellie W. Boynton, Clerk, room 57, C. H. Cook County Normal School, Normal Park Col. F. W. Parker, W. W. Speer, Geo. W. Fitz, Bella Thomas, Mary A. Spear, Mrs. H. H. Straight, Tillie Toffin, Helen Jordan, Sarah Butler, Mary Foley, Helen Maley, Mary Sykes, Lou Van Meter, Mrs. F. W. Parker. Englewood Helen R. Monfort, Emily J. Rice. SCHOOL TEACHEKS. 355 Rich, T. 35, R. 13 District No. 2, Ella J. Hotchkins New Bremen. District No. 3, Horace C. Hoskins, Matte- son. Bloom, T. 35, R. 14. District No. 1, W. E. Vander- water, Bloom Emma Hunter. District No. 2, Luman Hewes. District No. 3, Albert D. Rich. District No. 4, Sanford E. Merrill, Glenwood. District No. 5, John J. Klemme, Dyer, Lake county, Ind. Bloom Tractl, T, 35, R. 15. Dist. No. 10, Lena M. Whitcome. Orland, T. 36, R. 12. District No. 1, Mary Stahly, Orland. District No. 2, Caroline Baldwin, Orland; Dis- trict No. 3, Louise Klemm, Alpine. District No. 7, W. H. Marr, Hammond, Lake county, Ind. District No. 8, Rose Wagner, Joliet. District No. 9, A. J. Lyon, Orland. Bermen, T. 36, R. 13. District No. 1, Sarah A. Ryan, Lake View. District No. 2, W. D. Mackenzie, Blue Island. District No. 3, Mary Noble, Blue Island. District No. 4, E. K . Reynolds, New Bremen. District No. 5, J. B. Williams, New Bremen. District No. 6, E. F. McClintock, Blue Island. Thornton, T. 36, R. 14. District No. 1, S. S. Dodge, Principal, Thornton. District No. 2, Marguerite Go wens, South Holland. District No. 3, Dane A. Mitchell, Glenwood. District No. 4, Andrew_WilsQn, Homewood; Alma Ross. District No. 5, Kate M. Black, Blue Island. District No. 6, J. M. Hupp, Dalton. Mary E. DeLand, Washington Heights. Fannie E. Lago, Dal- ton . District No. 8, Lucy^A-JPease, South Lawn. Thornton Fractl, T. 36, R. 15. District No. 1, Glaus H. Claussen, Dalton. E. P. Summers, Hammond, Ind. District No. 2 Milo J. Anderson, Lansing. Maria M. Munson. Lemont, T. 37, R. 11. District No. 1, John Doolin, Lemont. District No. 2, Carrie A. Smith, Lemont. Dis- 356 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. trict No. 3, J. C. McCauley, Principal, Lemont. Mary Harrington, Lemont. Libina Harkins, Principal, Lemont. Lulu Luther, Lemont. Nellie Manley, Lemont. District No. 8, Nancy Myrick, Lemont. Palos, T. 37, R. 12. District No 1, John Pickens, Worth. District No. 4, Thomas McGinness, South Mount Forest . District No. 5, Joseph Bareber, Willow Springs. Worth, T. 37, R. 13. District No. 1, J. F. Dixon, Principal, Blue Island; Lizzie E. Rector, Blue Island; Marry Black, Blue Island; Alice Putnam, Normal Park; Maud Robinson, Blue Island; Hattie Phelps, Blue Island; Elsie Hale, Blue Island; Ida M. Kinder, Blue Island; Melissa Lotterman, Blue Island; Alice Krackowitzo, Blue Island. District No. 3, Dora M . Kirby, Blue Island. Dis- trict No . 5. William McVey, Evergreen Park . District No. 6, F. W. Rieder, Worth. Calumet T. 37, R. 14, Kensington, District No. 2. T. C. Hill, Principal, Kensington High School. Alice Drake, Englewood; Minnie S. Hutchins, Kensington; Josephine Lackore, Kensington; Minnie Col burn, Kensington; Lilian Simpson, Normal Park; Mary Halbrook, Kensington; Mrs. Eva J. Humphrey, Kensington. District No. 3, Sarah E. Griswold, Morgan Park. District No. 4, Geo. A. Brennan, Roseland; Mary Hay ward, Roseland. District No. 5, Andrew Engel, South Englewood; Lydia Kuck- holm, South Englewood. District No, 6, Johanna Kelle- her, Washington Heights. Calumet, Washington Heights School, District No. 7. Bessie E. Huntington, Principal, Washington Heights; Lucy Gorton, Washington Heights; Anna M. Cruikshank, Washington Heights; Anna R. Chapin, Washington Heights; Louise V. Kann, Washington Heights; Elise M. Bumgartner, "German," Washington Heights; Libby Myrick, Morgan Park; Minnie J. Goe, Morgan Park; Dore E. Wilcox, Washington Heights. SCHOOL TEACHEKS. 357 Irondale School, District No. 9. A. 0. Coddington, Principal, Cummings; Helen S. Rice, Englewood; Addie M. Tyrrell, Englewood; Delia Hogan, Cummings. District No. 10, Rollin A. Gonwens, South Holland; Mrs. Anna G. Gray, Kensington. Pullman School, District No. 11. D. R. Martin, Superintendent, Pullman; Lucy S. Silke, "Drawing/' 1434 Michigan ave.; Louise M. Vasburg, Pullman; Mar- garet McCartney, Hyde Park; Florence Ferguson, Pull- man; Mrs. Q. M. Biden, Pullman; Helen Ferguson, Pullman; Laura E. White, Pullman; Anna Vasburg, Pull- man; Max Merrifield, Pullman; Louise M. Frainor, 4326 Chapel Rd.; Fannie V. Callaway, Pullman; Carrie H. Lassaman, Normal Park; Nellie R. Leckie, South Engle- wood; Louise D. Rennick, Brookline; Lenore Goodwin, 3 E. Fortieth st., Mary Smith, Pullman; Jane A. Beach, Pullman . One Hundred and Fifth Street School . District No . 11, Mrs. Emma Strong, Principal, 5956 Wentworth ave.; Maggie McDonald, Brookline; Mary B. Livingston, 169 Thirty-ninth st. District No. 12, Mrs. E. H. Holmes, Grand Crossing. South Chicago, T. 37, R. 15. Chas. I. Parker, Super- intendent, South Chicago; Sarah Hutchinson, South Chicago; Joseph F. Sweet, South Chicago; Hattie B. Hutchins, 2227 Wabash ave. Bowen School. Lillie M. Harvey, South Chicago; Hattie Z. "Weary, South Chicago; Belle Wylie, South Chicago; Grace Hardy, 3916 Ellis ave.; Ellie M. Fair, South Chicago; Lena S. Patterson, South Chicago: Lucy E. Lisson, Englewood; Daisy M. Springer, South Chicago. Irondale School. C. D. Huxley, Prin., South Chicago; Mary L. Fagan, Englewood; Mary U. Neville, 3204 Prairie ave. ; Margaret E. Moynihan, South Chicago. South Chicago Court. E. L. Morse, Prin., South Chi- 358 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. cago; Eliz. C. Grinshaw, South Chicago; Mary Mathews, South Chicago; Lulu A. Barr, South Chicago; Amelia L. Glazer, South Chicago; Ida McCready, South Chicago; Mabel C. Eushmore, South Chicago. Taylor School. A. L.Stevenson, South Chicago; Bertha M. Coombs, Normal Park; Juliet A. "Wallace, South Chi- cago; Mabel Waite, 1109 Bowen ave. ; Ellen M. Barker, 1130 Bowen ave.; Nellie E. F. McHarry, 1638 Wabash ave. Gallisteb School. W. C. Payne, Coleho.ur; Eva Ed- monson, Colehour; Charlotte A. Lellon, South Chicago; Mary B. Camphor, 4926 Wabash ave.; Jennie Logan, Colehour; Isabella L. Goodwin, 3, Fortieth. Eay School. Jno H. Nichols, Normal Park. Hegewisch School. Helen Close, Hegewisch; Eebecca A. Faul, Hegewisch; Hannah Knippel, Hegewisch. Lyon, T.39, E.12, District No. 2, Augustus Haley, Wil- low Springs. District No. 3 Lillie Stevenson, Western Springs. District No. 8 E. W. MacDonald, Western Springs. District No. 9 J . S. Brockway, Prin. , Western Springs; Mrs. J. S. Brockway, Western Springs. Lyons and Lake, T. 38, K. 13. District No. 2 M, M. Byrne, Brighton Park. District No. 4 J. B. McMillan, Summit; D. Murphy, Oak Lawn. District No. 5 J. W. McGinness, Prin., Brighton Park; Cecilia B. Murphy. District No. 6 Geo. Wilson, Chicago Lawn. District No. 8 M. G. Henchy, Brighton. Lake and Hyde Park, T. 38, E. 14. Greenwood Avenue School, Kenwood School, Fifty-Fourth St. School, South Park School, Woodlawn School, Cornell School, Madison Ave. School, Parkside School, South Shore School, Chel- tenham Beach School, Eighty-Third St. School. District No. 2, Lake. 0. S. Cook, Superintendent, 74 Bryant ave.; James Hannan Prime, 5136 S. Park ave. ; James E. Armstrong, 529 Sixty-second st., Englewood; SCHOOL TEACHERS. 359 Elizabeth C. Cooley, 3818 Langleyave.; Mary E. Keary, 428 W. Jackson st. ; Sarah Byrne, Englewood; G. E. Hig- gins, music, 4063 Dearborn st. District No. 2, Hendricks School. John McCarthy, Principal, 4402 Emerald ave. ; Nellie B. Gray, 4515 Emer- ald ave. ; Ida M. Stodder, Englewood; Delia Lynch, 4559 Winter st. ; Jennie A. Haley, Englewood; Laura Kimpton, 1130 Bowen ave. District No. 2, Forty-third Street School. Maggie A. Haley, Englewood; Maria Kenny, Hyde Park; Belle Rob- son, 744 Gordan st. ; Mary A. Gibbons, 633 Forty-third st. ; Carrie E. Miner, Englewood. District No. 2, Farren School. J. W. May, Principal, 4700 Wabash ave.; Tena C. Farren, 5112 Wabash ave.; Florence M. Mook, 3035 Michigan ave. ; Alice C. Pierce, 3352 Indiana ave.; E. M. Brislen, 4700 Wabash ave.; Martha Bennett, 5701 State st. ; Nellie Larkin, Chicago Lawn; Mary T. Hennessy, Englewood; Ida Croft, Forty- seventh and Wabash ave.; Lena Peacock, 4930 Wabash ave.; Lydia Meany, 5746 LaSallest. ; Emma A. Broad- bent, Fifty-first st. and Wabash ave. ; Mary B. Whiting, 4009 Drexel bould. i District No. 2, Pullman School. J. B. McGinty, Principal, Englewood; Addie M. Ingersoll, Englewood; Mrs. M. J. Ingersoll, Englewood; Mary Forkin, Colehour; Lizzie A. Keating, 700 Gordon st. ; Jennie Wilson, Engle- wood; Hattie O'Neil, 559 Ogden ave.; Kate T. Keating, Englewood; Addie Diefenbach, Blue Island; Tillie A. Anderson, Englewood; Mary C. Kingsburg, 5358 School st.; A. B. Danforth, Englewood; Jennie Barnum, Engle- wood. District No. 2, Grant School. Patrick Chamberlain, Principal, Transit House; Anna W. Hunter, Englewood; Ella M. Danforth, Englewood; Nellie M. Carpenter, Englewood ; R. Dore Whyte, 4405 Emerald av. ; Lizzie R. 360 THE POLITICAL HISTOKY OF CHICAGO. Keating, Englewood. ; Kittie -L. Kelly, 2710 Archer ave.; Charlotte A. Sloan, Englewood; Mrs. M. K. Patterson, Englewood. District No. 2, Hancock School. Patrick Keenan, Principal, 701 Gordon; Anna McKillop, 4109 Halsted; Annie Pieton, Englewood; Kate Murphy, 650 Forty-third; Joanna Burke, 190 Thirty-fifth; Katie E. Perry, 4226 Sherman; Maggie Conway, Englewood; Kittie O'Grady, 4854 Wentworth ave.; Ida Mosher, 7001 Eoot; Eliza Haley, Englewood; Kittie Eidgeley, 4723 State; K. Dru- silla Mahr, 4725 School. District No. 2, Lake county, Fallon School. John Byrne, Principal, Englewood ; Nellie Clittich, Englewood ; Kate C. McConvill, 4316 Emerald ave. ; Alice McGinness, Englewood ; Georgia L . Lewis, 248 W. Congress ; Maggie E. Lyons, Englewood; Susie E. Cawan, 3519 Stan ton; Mary Moran, 469 S. Leavitt st. ; Kate T. Lynch, 4557 Winter st. ; Nellie Murphy, 4410 Winter st. ; E. Marson, Morgan Park ; Joanna Lyons, Englewood ; Hattie A . Crowley, 2807 La Salle ; Maggie Mahoney, 2965 Archer ave. ; Hattie Fish, 218 S. Peoria st. District No. 2, Graham School. W. E. Watt, Princi- pal, 445 Emerald ave. ; Maggie McDonald, 4330 Emerald ave. ; Mary Kehoe, 4423 Emerald ave. ; Julia Ford, 660 Wilson st. ; Belle Kelly, 380 N. Franklin ; C. Ada Whyte, 4405 Emerald ave. ; Louise B. Walters, 4205 Halsted st. ; B. Baldwin, 726 Wilson st. ; Kittie T. Murphy, 45th and Sherman ; Maggie Lucas, 401 47th st. ; Maggie Flannigan, 614 61st st.; Mary T. Bowes, 317 Fifty-third st.; Martha Wilson, 4223 Halsted st. District No. 2, Garfield School. Richard T. Kelly, Englewood. District No. 2, Hartigan School. D. A. White, Prin- cipal, Englewood ; J. A. Dundon, 396 Oak st. ; Lillie M. Arnst, 4016 Wabash ave. ; E. Carmichael, 4020 Prairie SCHOOL TEACHERS. 361 ave. ; Mary A. McNarney, 3641 Dearoorn st. ; Minnie Brady, 3752 Butterfield ; Nellie Sheedy, 5108 Wentworth ave. ; Margaret Rodgers, 3923 Atlantic st. ; Mrs. F. E. Higgins, 196 S. Jefferson ; Louise O'Connor, 506 Marsh- field ave. ; Mabel Sibley, 4230 Emerald ave. District No. 3, Oakland School No. 1. M. Andrews, Superintendent, 36 Oakwood bould. ; Florence M. Holbrook, 1402 Forty-first. ; R. E. Cutler, 39 Baxter; Eleanor A. Pierce. 3352 Indiana ave. ; Mittie Hayden, S. Park ; Eliria Barmister, 3921 Vincennes ave. ; Mrs. M. F. Brown, 3924 Langley ave. ; Millie J. Crocker, 3734 Johnson pi. ; lola M. Jones, 1333 Oakwood bould.; Charlotte A. Royce, 1137 Forty-first; Isabel E. Richman, 3506 Lake ave.; Clara M. Newbecker, 168 Thirty-ninth ; Emma C. Barrett, 1718 E. Fortieth ; Mary H. Howliston, 1333 Oakwood bould. Oakland School, District No. 3. Anna L. Hill, 119 Thirty-fifth st. ; KateO. Guenther, Blue Island ave.; Alice L. Kent, Austin; Lucy Johnstone, 1129 Bowen ave.; Judith Putman, Normal Park; Hadassah Fleming, 1204 Oakland bould. ; Carrie C. Lewis, 1409 Oakland bould. ; Lara Fleming, 1204 Oakland bould. Auburn School, District No. 4. A. B. Coombs, Princi- pal, Normal park; Helen C. Haswell, Normal park; Clara A. Haynes, Auburn; Annie L. Hickman, Auburn. Buckley School, District No. 6. Geo. D. Plant, Prin- cipal, 3915 Dearborn st. ; Alice Keary, 428 W. Jackson st. Agnes Clifford, 456 Irving Place; Annie Kenney, Hyde park; May Willmott, 4701 Ashlandave.; Mary A. McDon- nell, South Chicago; Margart Kelly 2710 Archer ave. OToole School, District No. 6. Marcella Hanlon, 4537 Winter st. ; Annie Harold, Chicago Lawn; Winifred 335 Center ave.; Emma Meany, 5746 La Salle st. ; Mary Ken- nedy, Union Stock yards; Mary E. Murray, 126 Greene st. ; Lillie McGlinn, 84 Johnson st.; Rosa A. Farley, 4314 Ashland ave. 362 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Forestville School, District No. 7. Geo. M. Herrick, Principal, 4532 Champlain ave. ; Lydia S. Davis, Drexel and Oakwood boulds. ; Louisa J. Spencer, 1370 Oakwood bould. ; Mrs. M. M. Northrop, 1420 Forty-fourth st. ; Carrie Smith, 2027 Indiana ave.; May Peaslee, Fifty-first st. and Wabash ave. ; E. G. Haywood, 4733 Kenwood ave. ; Maud Dodson, Fifty-fourth st. and Lake ave. ; Jennie M. Wheeler, 4027 Ellis ave. Springer School, District No. 9. E. L. Parmenter, Principal, 4128 Prairie ave. ; Mrs. L I. Lews, 3036 Grove- land ave.; Fannie Curtis, Normal Park; Jennie Goldman, 4556 Wabash ave. ; Mrs. J. W. Bannerman, Blue Island ; Belle M. Dodd, 4221 Indiana ave.; Mary M. Springer, 4046 Prairie ave. ; Mrs. E. K. Stuart, 4128 Prairie ave. ; Sarah M. Lewis, Blue Island. Lake, District No. 10. 0. T. Bright, Supt., 3544 For- est ave.; E. J. Hill, Normal Park; W. W. Wentworth, Englewood ; Hattie J. Mclntosh, M. C. Crane, Viola Deratt, Abbie H. Nowise, Music; Abbie K.Monfort. Lewis and Champlin streets, District No. 10. Kate S. Kellogg, Principal, Englewood; Mrs. Harriae K. Foster, Normal Park; Mrs. H. L. Vreslarid, Chicago; Clara Mitch- ell, Englewood; Eose McManns, C. Florence Jones, Louisa McKelvey, Lillian Allen ; Sarah Curtis, Normal Park ; Nellie Hayward, Englewood ; Harritt Graydon, Kate E. Jones, Lyra Mills, Frances McChesney, Louise Quacken- bush, Libbie Lyman. La Grange. A. S. Stutts, Principal ; Miss K. P. Ben- nett, Ida Foster, Emma Glass, Lizzie E. Benning, Mary Fox. Lake District No. 10. W. J. Black, Principal, Engle- wood ; Sadie Hunter, Lizzie Horine, Clara Brown, Emma Webb, Mary Stebbings, Hattie Fosket, Englewood . Brownell School, District No. 10 F. B. Ormsby, Prin- cipal, Normal Park ; Nellie M. Boilean, Normal Park ; SCHOOL TEACHERS. 363 Mrs. M. D. Kaufman, Englewood; Edna Reed, Englewood; Louise Lay ton, Washington Heights. Sherwood School, District No 10. Margart McGurn, Principal, Englewood; Christine Nichols, Englewood; Emma A. Munroe, Englewood; Emily F. Bacmester, Englewood; Mrs. A. B. Williams, Englewood; Blanch E. Judd, Englewood; Florence E. Rice, Englewood; Jesse Robinson, Blue Island; M. Eliza Farmer, Normal Park; Emma M. Western" eld, Englewood. Halsted St. School, District No. 10. J. Henry Zeis, Principal, Normal Park; Mary McGurn, Englewood; Fan- nie Withers, Eva James, Mary Maroney. Normal Park, District No. 10. Mrs. A. M. Williard, Prin., 80 Dearborn St.; Mrs. M. E. Thresher, Englewood; Mable Wheeler, Normal Park; Adelia Speer, Englewood; Mary T. Wilson, Normal Park ; Mary Maley, Englewood . Proviso, T. 39, R. 13, Harlem School, District No. 1. W. E. Jayne, Principal, Oak Park; Mary Chamberlain, Maywood; Maud L. Frisby; Ada L. Brown, Principal, Oak Park; Minnie McMinn, Oak Park. District No. 2, Josie Ryan, Maywood. District No. 3, Lida E. Stiff, May- wood. District No. 4, Margurite Hennesey, Maywood. Riverside School, District No. 5. Idelle B. Watson, Principal, Riverside; Anna B. Chase, Riverside; Henrietta A. Willden, 865 W. Harrison st. ; Nora Boyne, Riverside. District No. 6, John Soffel, Maywood. Maywood School, District No. 7. W. D. Gilbert, Prin- cipal, Maywood; Jennie Vial, Hettie Dunlap, Mattie Campton, Mary Waters, G. E. Garrison. River Forest School, District No. 8. Mrs. A. M. Walker, River Forest; Laura Meyers, Dell C. Knepp. District No. 10, Geo. E. Littleford, La Grange. Cicero T. 39, R. 13, High School. B. L. Dodge, Superintendent, Oak Park; Mary H. Clemens, Elizabeth Faulkner, Mary Walker, Ella McConoughey, Hattie E. 364 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Baker, Annie E . Jones, Anna M . Fernald, Marion H . Dyer, Anna M . Coffin, Elizabeth Waters, Delphine Wil- son, Amelia Littell, Alice A. Huling, Ida L. Jone; Mary B. Hoyt, Ridgeland; Mary M. Bevans. Austin School, District No. 2. W. S. Smith, Superin- tendent H. S., Austin; Mrs. L. F. Smith, H. S. Wyllis; S. G. Hagar, 1030 Wilcox ave.; Mrs. E. C. Enfield, Aus- tin; Maud Butler, Moreland; Louise Levi, 716 W. Lake st.; A. L. Evendin, Turner; Martha Kent, Austin; Mrs. A. W. Shaffer. Amerson School, District No. 2. Elizabeth Sneed, 338 Warren ave.; Emma Baxter, Austin; Eose J. Carroll. Cicero continued, South School, District No. 2. Linda Final, Austin; Hattie M. Adams; Mrs. L. B. Smith. Tilton School. High School, E. E. McCarthy, Princi- pal, Central Park; Mary E. Kelley, Central Park; Anna F. Carter, Oak Park; Erin Hanrahan, Jennie De Porter, Cen- tral Park; Mary Niemeyer, Lake Forest; Mary McGrath, 354 Huron st. ; Eugenia Grosby, 718 W. Adams st. ; Susan Yorke, Central Park. Moreland School, District No. 3. Alice M. Mooney, 100 Dearborn ave. ; Mary Carter, Oak Park. Brighton School, No. 4. Anthony Lennon, Principal, 1098 W. Madison st. ; Jennie B. Martin, Minnie Dolese, Brighton Park. Crawford School, No. 7. Hettie H. Norris, Principal, Glenwood; Mary E. Gould, 3518 Forest ave.; Cetta True, 373 W. Monroe st. Lyden, T. 40, R. 12, No. 2, Margaret O'Rourke, Bensonville; No. 4, James. A. Peterson, Dunning; No. 5, D. E. Wertz, Jefferson; No. 6, Kate Donahu, 484 W. Twelfth st. Jefferson, T. 40, R. 13. High School, Charles A. Cook, Irving Park; S. Alice Judd, H. H. Wilder. Avondale School, No. 2. J. W. Stehman, Principal; SCHOOL TEACH EKS. 365 Julia Ingals, Avondale; No. 3, Mrs. Kitendaugh, Dun- ning; Theresa Booth, Mont. Clare. Norwood Park School, No. 6. Catherine Lyman, Cra- gin; Carolyn J. Stanning, Cragin. Jefferson School, No. 6. J. B. Farnsworth, Superin- tendent. Hoffman Avenue School, No. 11. J. D. Martin, Prin- cipal, Maplewood; Louise E. Kahler, 14 LeMoyne st. ; Alice L. Andrews, Humboldt Park; Isabel Downie, 67 Rush st.; Martha M. Sherlock, 28 Montana st. ; Carrie A. Allen, Maplewood; Marion E. Pierce, Serenia E. Clough, Bandow; Mary C. Farrar, Barrington; Fannie E. Craigmile, Bandon; Bessie McKay, 281 Hermitage ave. ; Rebecca Kelly, 129 Sedgwick st. ; Margaret J. McClure, Maplewood. Humboldt Park School, No. 11. L. K. Peterson, Humboldt Park, Alice M. Gaylord, Julia E. Toohey; Alice M. Lindsley, 730 Washtenaw ave. ; Margaret Shanley, 588 North ave.; Ida C. McNutt, Jefferson; Nellie Nicholas, 172 W. Monroe st. ; Martha E. Bunn, Emma C. Green- man, Humboldt Park; Lillie M. Kohn, 240 La Salle ave.; Minnie Dietz, Irving Park; Jennie MacKay, 281 Hermit- age ave. Libby School, No. 11. Janet B. Irwin, 112 North Western ave.; Nellie McCormick, Irving Park; Mary Cooley, Arlington Heights. Russell School, District No. 11. Lilla J. Willis, 112 Park ave. ; Melissa L. Wilden, 10 Artesian ave. ; Louisa L. Morse, Bandon; Lydia E. Higgins, Bandon. Fairfield Avenue School, District No. 11. Emma C. Gaylord, Humboldt Park; Lillian S. Sherlock, Winnetka. Boulevard School, District No. 11, Ida G. Atkinson, 983 N. Leavitt St.; Evelyn Frisby, 939 Warren ave.; Jen- nie Linturman, 829 S. Wood St. ; Louisa W. Hartwig, 90 Sherman St. 366 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Irving Park School, District No. 13. W. A. Purington, Irving Park; Adele Kirchkoff, 1537 Lill ave.; Margarette Robinson, Irving Park. Pacific Junction School, District No. 14. J. H. Steele, Principal, Pacific Junction; Cora E. Mills, 873 Elk Grove ave. ; Minnie B. Gibbs, Palatine; Eunice A. Steele, May- wood; Agnes Kelly, 129 Sedgwick St.; Adelaide Wilson, Hinsdale. Evanston Avenue School, District No. 1. Amelia Holecomb, Wright's Grove; Maria Clark, 1542 Wolframe st.; Esther Morgan, 17 Crillypl. ; Dora Windes, Argyle Park; Juliette W. Delano, 955 N. Clark st.; Gertrude Mc- Clanthan, 989 N. Clark st.; Blanch Freeman, 1572 Wolframe st. ; Ida Heidenheimer, 695 N. Park ave. ; Mary P. Russ, Wright's Grove. Diversey Street School, District No. 1. Lina E. Troen- dle, Principal, 1544 Lill ave. ; Blanche Bassette, assistant, 1547 N. Halsted st. ; Anna B. Martin, 615 Seminary ave. ; Ella M. Richmond, 729 Sheffield ave. ; Mary E. Gray, Ma- plewood: Alice L. Priam, 510 Webster ave. ; Ella M. Clark, 40 Wieland St.; Louise C. Pettengill, 300 Orchard st.; Louie A. Hulett, 1542 Wolfram st. ; Helen M. Parker, 28 Grant pi. ; Katie Good, 118 Center st. ; Sarah Woodcock, 186 N. Clark st.; Libbie E. Fisk, 287 Lincoln st.;Lena M. McCauley, 84 Lincoln ave.; Sarah E. Holmes, 1509 Wol- fram st. ; Mrs. F. King, 1448 Montana st. ; Abbie G. Dore, Lombard ville, 111.; Louise D. Hill, 437 La Salle ave. Deering School, District No. 1. Mrs. Margaret S. Fitch, 242 Bissell st. ; Malie J. Windes, Argyle Park ; Sarah G. Wentworth, 1105 Millard ave.; Grace E. Math- eus, South Evanston; Augusta Kleine, 571 Hurlbut st. ; Augusta Morris, 2924 Vernon ave. ; Margaret Ryan, Mon- tana st. ; Annie M. Kane, Halsted and Cornelia; Lizzie K. Burdick, 105 Dearborn ave,; Isabel O'Brien, Highland Park. SCHOOL TEACHERS. 367 Wrightwood Avenue, School, District No. 1. Gertrude E. Williams, Principal, 1560 Lill ave.; Marian Fleming, 1550 Lill ave. ; Annie R, Burk, 190 Chestnut pi. ; S. T. Jenson, 464 La Salle ave. ; Ida M. Campion, 1534 Diversey st.; Jennie K. Eckstrom, 1754 Frederick st. ; Mary S. Hotchins, Argyle Park; L. Louise Hack, 201 Lincoln ave.; Fanny S. Parsons, 1534 Diversey st. Belmont School, District No. 1. Anerick T. Shock- ley, Carrie S. Haskins. Wilcot School, District No. 2. Josiah F. Kletzing, Ravenswood; Kittie S. Grover, Evanston; Hattie Paddock, Ravenswood ; Clara Briggs, Ravenswood ; Addie D . Cravens, Ravenswood ; Addie V . H . Barr, Ravenswood . Sulzer Street School, District No. 2. Mary F. Kimball, Ravenswood; Rosa A Boynton, Winnetka; Addie E. Jor- dan, Ravenswood ; Kittie A. Gall, Wrights Grove . Hanover, T. 41, R. 9, District No. 4. Avena C. Heidemann, Elgin. District No. 6. A. Thomson, Princi- pal, Bartlett. District No. 7. Walter P. Wheeler, Ontario- ville. District No. 11. Lizzie Nightingale, Barrington. Elk Grove, T. 41, R. 11, District No. 2. Emma Dun- ton, Arlington Hights. District No. 3, Pearl B. Gay- lord, Itasca. District No. 6, C. R. Patter, Desplaines st. Maine, T. 41, R. 12, District No. 1. J. A. Gilmour, Desplaines . Park Ridge School, District No. 2. Leopold Shroeder, Principal, Park Ridge; Hattie Beamont, Arlington Heights; Mrs. L. Millard, Park Ridge; Maud Kinder, Arlington Heights. District No. 3, Joseph Harvey, The Grove. Desplaines School, District No. 4. J. Q. Adams, Principal, Desplaines; Mrs. M. L. Adams, Desp^ines; Mary L. Sisson, Desplaines. Niles, T. 41, R. 13, District No. 1. W. H. Pate, Niles Center. District No. 2, Simon N. Patten, Morton Grove. District No. 3, Jeannette B. Ilsem, Niles; Jen- 368 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. nie Ericson, Niles. District No. 4, W. D. Smyser, Principal, Niles Center; Minnie Scripture, Niles Center. District No. 5, J. H. Smyser, Niles Center. Evaiiston, T. 41, R. 14. High School, Henry L. Bolt- wood, Prin., Evanston; Lorenzo N. Johnson, Eva S. Edwards, Mary L. Barrie, Jane H. White, Margaret Noble. Benson Avenue School, District No. 1. H. H. Kings- ley, Supt., Evanston; Helen E. Amos, Principal; Evanston, Claribel Thompson, Eva Smedley, Mary C. Adams, Jessie Manson, Georgiana Eogers, Mary E . Kamsey, Margaret F. Kellogg. Wesley Avenue School, District No. 1. Agnes S. Hinman, Principal, Evanston; Jessie Luther, Mary A. Gil- lespie, Darrie M. Boutelle, Lu R. Bushnell, Bertie M. Glass . Hinman Avenue School, District No. 1. Nannie M. Hines, Principal, Evanston; Nellie E. Huggins, Mrs. E. C. Perkins, Celia Sargent. South Evanston School, District No. 2. F. W. Nichols, Principal, South Evanston; Mary E. Wells, Emma Watson, Mary Farrell, Catherine Redfield, Evanston, Lida G. White, South Evanston, Nettie Primrose, Adda Orosby, Mellie R. Harding, Ida E. Hulett, Jennie H. Foster. North Evanston School, District No. 3. Nettie E. McClintock, North Evanston, Sarah Allen, Mary Gifford. Rodger's Park School, District No. 4. M. H. Lowell, Principal, Rodger's Park, Emily Randell, Janet Brisbane, Amelia Gunn, South Evanston. District No. 5, Ida L. Low, Wilmette. Barrington T. 42, R. 9, District No. 1. G. W. Barrett, Barrington. District No. 3, Martha Leonard, Barrington; District No. 4, Jno. W. Burgess, Dundee; District No. 6, Mrs. A. G. Stevens, Elgin. District No. 10, C. J. Dodge, SCHOOL TEACHERS. 369 Principal, Harrington, Emma L . Graw, Carrie Kingsley, Laura Brown, Mary Frye, Principal. Palatine, T. 42, R. 10, District No. 3. Ben Castle, Bar- rington. District No. 4, Jeannette Mullie, Barrington; District No. 6, H. L. Merrill, Palatine, Mattie Newton, Wilhemina Hookius, Lillian Cleveland; Eva Castle, Bar- rington. District No. 7, May Fosket, Palatine. Wheeling, T. 42, R. 11, District No. 1. H. B. Allen, Principal, Wheeling, Lilly M . Williams. District No. 10, Amos M. Walker, Principal, Arlington Heights; Ollie Keyes, Palatine; Ada R. Hawks, Arlington Heights. Northfield, T. 42, R. 12, District 2. A. Kenmcott, The Grove. District No. 4, Grace Dority, Shermenville. District No. 8, Armette Erickson, Shermanville. New Trier, T. 42, R. 13. Glencoe School, District No. 1. Robert Matheson, Principal, Glenco, Sophia C. Madden. Winnetka School, District No. 2. H. C. Hullinger, Principal, Winnetka, Florence Belden, Nellie E. Moth, Kate Dwyer, Principal. District, No. 3, Annie E. Cooper, Wilmette. Wilmette School, District 5. Mary 0. McCord, Wil- mette, May L. Sheldon, Margie S. Handy. 24 MISCELLANEOUS. CHARLES B. FARWELL. A possible candidate for Mayor on the Eepublican ticket in 1887 is the Hon. Charles B. Farwell. He was born near Painted Post, Steuben county, N. Y., on July 1, 1823 . In 1838 he went with his father to a farm in Ogle county. He came to Chicago in 1844 and became Deputy Clerk with George Davis, Clerk of Cook county. At the same time he worked for Briggs & Green, auctioneers for a salary of twenty-five cents a night. His first exper- ience in politics was in 1853 when he was elected by a large majority County Clerk against Dr. E. J. Kimberly. He was reflected in 1857. In 1864 he purchased an interest in the house of John V. Farwell & Co. In 1867 he was made Chairman of the Board of County Supervisors, and during his term the new part of the court house on Clark street was erected. In 1870 he was elected to congress against Hon. John Wentworth. In 1872 and 1874 he vanquished John V. LeMoyne and in 1880 was elected against Perry H. Smith, Jr., by a large majority. He was appoined by Governor Oglesby in 1866 a member of the first state board for the equalization of taxes. He was very prominently identified with the success of the Washington street tunnel. Mr. Farwell is a great power commercially as well as politically. FREDERICK S. WINSTON. Frederick S. Winston, sou of our minister to Persia, may be regarded as a native of Chicago although he first saw the light in Kentucky. While Mr. and Mrs. Winston 370 MISCELLANEOUS. 371 were visiting friends in Franklin county, Kentucky, in October, 1856, the subject of this sketch was born. The same year he was brought to Chicago. Consequently, although a young man, being now only in his twenty- ninth year, he might be classed among Chicago's " old settlers." At an early age he entered Yale college from which institution he graduated with high honors in 1877. Two years later he was admitted to the bar, and he imme- diately entered upon the practice of his profession, form- ing a partnership with Chester M . Dawes under the firm name of Winston & Dawes. In 1881 Mayor Harrison rec- ognizing the ability of Mr. Winston, and believing that his legal ability would be valuable to the city appointed him Assistant Corporation Counsel. In this office he dis- played such ability in conducting the legal affairs of the city that on the retirement of Corporation Counsel, Adams, in 1883, his eminent fitness for the position was so recognized by the bar and by Mayor Harrison that he was appointed without opposition. He is the youngest man that has held this important office in this city and perhaps in any other. Just before he succeeded Corporation Counsel Adams, he " won his spurs/' as Mayor Harrison phrased it, by successfully arguing before the State Su- preme Court the validity of the $103 saloon licenses. Since that time Mr. Winston has frequently and with credit to himself appeared in the Supreme Court in impor- tant cases in which the city was interested . Among the most notable of the decisions of the Supreme Court, made on the argument of Mr. Winston, were the rights of the city to obtain revenue from licensing various occupa- tions such as distilleries, livery stables, brokers, etc.; the constitutionality of the Harper high license law; the un- constitutionally of exemptions claimed from special assess- ments, for which he was thanked by the City Council, and the power of the Mayor to veto items or part of an item in 372 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. he annual appropriation bill. A very important decision which sustained the right of the city to control the Chi- cago river and the bridges, he obtained from the United States Supreme Court soon after he became Corporation Counsel. On the formation of the young democracy or- ganization in 1884, Mr. Winston was elected its president. Under his management it grew from a bantling with forty- six members to an organization numbering 10,000. His official duties which are numerous and important requir- ing all his time, he was compelled to decline a reelection. JOSEPH STOCKTON. Joseph Stockton, of the transportation firm of Joseph Stockton & Co., was born in Pittsburgh, Penn., Aug. 10, 1834. He came to Chicago in the spring of 1852. He was in the transportation business until the war broke out, when he enlisted in the Board of Trade regiment. He was in numerous battles, and at the death of Lieutenant- Colonel Wright, at Vicksburg, he was promoted to his place. After the fall of Vicksburg, Colonel Stockton took command of his regiment and retained the position until the close of the war. Colonel Stockton proved him- self a brave and fearless soldier, and he was breveted brigadier-general for meritorious conduct in the field. Colonel Stockton is an ardent Republican, and has been solicited repeatedly to stand for public preferment. His transfer firm is now one of the largest in the city . MICHAEL RYAN. Six times elected to represent that large constituency, ex- Alderman Ryan, of the fourteenth ward, was one of the most indefatigable members of the City Council. Being a most successful plumber and gas-fitter, he was wisely selected as Chairman of the Committee on Gas Lights. Mr. Ryan is unquestionably one of the busiest men in the community. The same active spirit which characterized him in the MISCELLANEOUS. 373 council and in his every day business, is observable when he appears in the councils of the Irish Nationalists among whom his standing is very high. Mr. Ryan was born in Ireland, on Easter Sunday, in 1846. He came to America in 1862, and located in Cincinnati, 0., where he worked at his trade in plumbing until 1867, when he came to Chicago. In 1869 he went into business for himself, and after the great fire of 1871, he resuscitated a very promising trade wiped out by the flames, in company with his brother. The firm name is now M. Ryan & Bro., and the locality is 421 Milwaukee avenue . He was married to Miss Annia Feeney, in Cin- cinnati, 0., in 1865. MICHAEL M'NURNEY. Ex-Alderman McNurney, of the tenth, was born at Castlecooke, Cork county, Ireland, March 31, 1830. In 1848 he came to Boston, where he became a horseshoer. In 1854 he came to Chicago, and up to 1862 he worked as a jour- neyman for N. Morgan, George Booner, John Traynor and others. He then went into business for himself, and for years did one of the most thriving trades in the West. The dullest day witnessed a busy scene in the old shop, on Pacific avenue, opposite the depot of the Michigan Southern. At present he represents a leading eastern establishment in a kindred enterprise. In 1877 Mr. McNurney was elected alderman, over Smith and Gunderson, by a plurality of 76. In 1879 he was again elected by 779 majority, over Lawrence. In 1881 he with- drew in favor of John Council, who was defeated by Dan Nelson. In 1884 he was elected over Dan Nelson by 279. The ex- Alderman is an unquestioned success socially. It behooves him who would visit Mr. McNurney. at his home, to request a tune on the bagpipes, and especially to insist on the performance of Garryowen . 374 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. AUSTIN J. DOYLE. One of the most popular gentlemen in Chicago public life is the General Superintendent of the Chicago Passen- ger Railway. Mr. Doyle was born in Chicago, Sept. 18, 1849. He was collecting for the dry goods firm of W. M. Eoss & Co., for whom he first carried parcels, when Hon. Daniel O'Hara, that great and good man so universally mourned, made him a clerk in the Recorder's Court. This was in 1865. In 1868, Mr. Doyle was appointed first deputy, vice Charles S. Loding, who ran against Mr. O'Hara, and was defeated. Mr. Doyle was elected Clerk of the Crimi- nal Court in 1873, on the People's ticket, by the largest majority given. While in this position our subject found time to study law, and in 1871 he was admitted to the bar. As Superintendent of the Chicago police force, after W. J. McGarigle and before Frederick Ebersold, our subject achieved great fame. Being a splendid reader of human character he invested the Police Department with his own characteristics, and the force during his administration, it is not too much to say, was without a superior. He was in- defatigable, especially in the development of the police patrol service . When he resigned Mayor Harrison accepted his resignation with deep regret, and the press and public sympathized heartily with the sentiment. THOMAS A. CANTWELL. Senator Cantwell, the youthful-appearing representative of the fourth district, was born in Albany, N. Y., Decem- ber 21, 1847. The family settled in Morris, 111., in 1856, where Thomas attended school. He subsequently gradu- ated at Notre Dame University. Senator Cantwell's popularity is apparent from the fact that he was elected as a Democrat by a splendid majority in a district that is thoroughly Republican. MISCELLANEOUS. 375 M. C. MCDONALD. Michael C. McDonald, a prominent member of the Cook County Democracy, in matters political affecting Chicago, is an authority. He was born September 2, 1840, in Niagara county, New York, in a little hut reflected in the glistening waters of the great cataract . The picturesque locality appears to fine advantage in a painting executed by one of the masters and hung in the most conspicuous place in Mr. McDonald's beautiful mansion on the northeast corner of Ashland avenue and Harrison street. Elsewhere in his spacious parlors among sterling works of art are found the portraits of his father, a hale old gentleman of eighty, his wife and four children . At the age of fourteen our sub- ject left White's Academy, in his native place, and began life as a newsboy on the Great Western Railroad between Detroit and Niagara Falls. In 1854 he came to Chicago, and was a newsboy up to 1861, with such lads for associates as John R. Walsh, the president of the Western News Company; Gil Baldwin, the bookseller, and Johnny Main, of the postal service. When a fire broke out he ran with engine 5. At the present day he evinces the deepest in- terest in fire matters, as the Chicago Fire Department well know. Wherever he has since traveled he has always re- ceived a royal welcome from the firemen. For the past twenty years he has been selected as a marshal in the grand parades of the New Orleans department . At the commencement of the civil war Mr. McDonald was engaged in the stereoscopic business in New Orleans, in company with one "Rodger" Shermen, whose outspoken sentiments led to his enlistment in the army at the front, and caused a dissolution of the stereoscopic firm. Return- ing to Chicago he bought out the sample-room of the Rich- mond House, corner of Michigan avenue and South Water street, and held it until 1864. He then brought his father 376 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. and sister from Niagara, and has been a resident of Chicago ever since. Ventures in the wine and liquor trade, and speculations generally, succeeded the sale of his interest in the Eichmond House and led to the establishment of " The Store," on Clark, near Monroe street, which has long been the resort of politicians and men around town, and which is now conducted by "Parson" Davies, the well-known sporting man. At the present writing Mr. McDonald is watching his interest in the Lamont stone quarries, the Chicago Pas- senger Railway line, and other corporations, when he is not helping some worthy cause with his unostentatious benevolence . LUTHER LAFLIN MILLS. The ex-States Attorney for Cook county was born in North Adams, Berkshire county, Mass., September 3, 1848. When our subject was two years old his father located in Chicago, and here the brilliant States Attorney received his early training. Having matriculated at the Michigan University he began the study of law in the office of Hon. H. N. Hibbard. In 1876 he was elected States Attorney, running 4,000 ahead of his ticke^. In 1880 he was renominated without opposition and elected by an in- creased majority. The Alliance, a religious journal thus spoke of Mr. Mills in 1880 : " It is too early to make an estimate of his abilities, but we may state as our sincere belief that he is the Rufus Choate of the West, fuller of blood than Choate, and not destined to remain as Choate did, an ad- vocate to the end of his days. We predict that the people of his adopted state will call him to a wider field of use- fulness as soon as it is felt that he can be spared from guarding the flood gate of crime over at the Criminal Court." MISCELLANEOUS. 377 JULIAS JONAS. This gentleman's liberality has placed him deep in the hearts of many a family and individual in Chicago. On each recurring Christmas he feeds the hungry and clothes the naked, from the building corner of Michigan street and Dearborn avenue. He was elected to represent the Twen- tieth ward in 1873. Mr. Jonas was born in Pleshen, Prussia, and is about forty-eight years of age. At the age of fourteen he came to New York and then to Chicago, where he established a hide business at 231 South Water street, and afterwards at 183 Michigan street. He is at present in the wine and liquor trade on Washington street near Clark. HENRY T. JONES. There is many a silent but strong influence exerted in politics by men whose predilections and the demands of their business positively preclude from selecting political preferment. The history of the gentleman named above il- lustrates this fact. Mr. Jones was born in Chippenham, Wiltshire, England, March 9, 1828. An orphan at the age of eleven, and the eldest of three brothers, he came to Chicago in 1851. He had traveled throughout the British Isles and extensively in France, before he concluded to figure in the annals of the Garden City as one of its earliest brick manufacturers. His recollections of great interest refer principally to his early experiences in Chicago. He tells many a capital story of her early politics, and was a student in the same class with such men as Deacon Bross, John Wentworth and Buckner S. Morris. He witnessed the exciting episodes enacted throughout the South which immediately preceded the War of the Rebellion; being en- gaged in Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and elsewhere, filling contracts in masonry for the planters. In 1855 he was pushing a formidable business in the 378 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. manufacture of brick, when in 1869 he found himself able toretire with an independence. The great fire of 1871, how- ever, and the panic which followed, forced him into active business once more. He furnished the brick for the Palmer House, Grand Pacific Hotel, Tremont House, the McCor- mick reaper factory, the Cook county hospital, the court house and many other large buildings throughout the great city of Chicago. Mr. Jones is an old member of high standing in Gar- den City Lodge A. F. and A. M., and Joliet Commandary. Widowed twice, he married Miss Katie Gridley about ten years ago . She is the daughter of John Gridley, the well- known stock-yard operator. p. j. SEXTON. A staunch Democrat is the master builder whose name is inscribed on the Cook County Court House . Mr. Sexton was born in Ireland, October, 1846, and his family remov- ed to Cincinnati, Ohio, when he was but three years of age. Here his early life was spent . At the age of thirteen he was apprenticed to a builder, and building has been his occupation ever since. In 1865 he went to Nash- ville, Tenn., and remained there until 1871, when he came to Chicago shortly after the big fire. The great city of Chicago is dotted with the evidences of his great enter- prise. The Chicago press thoroughly introduced him to the public by reason of the apparently endless litigation connected with the Court House dome that was never built, and other portions of that costly edifice. Delays by the county created the trouble. Originally the building was to loom up over the surroundings to the height of 366 feet about the third highest in the world, but the city failed to advance money to build their part of the contract and the dome was dispensed with . Forty feet had been erected by the county which was torn down . MISCELLANEOUS. 379 CHARLES KER2ST. This gentleman was born at Otterbach, in Rhenish, Bavaria, Germany, April 18, 1831. At the age of 18, he came to America, settling in Terre Haute, Indiana, where he became popular in a very short time . In 1862 when the Democratic party had no hopes, he was nominated by acclamation against his will and elected Sheriff of Vigo county, and was recognized as its very best official. In 1865 he came to Chicago. In 1868 he was unanimously nominated by the Democrats of Cook county for Sheriff, but was defeated, the county being overwhelmingly Republican. In 1870 he was again nominated, ran three thousand ahead of his ticket and was defeated. In 1873 he was again selected, ran four thousand ahead of his ticket and was defeated. In 1876 he was once more pressed into the field and was elected, by six thousand votes, while the balance of the ticket was defeated by four thousand. Mr. Kern has been mentioned time and again as one of the most available men in Cook county, for the most responsible positions. The well-know restauratuer is presi- dent of the Cook county Democratic club. JOHN J. CURRAN. Mr. Curran, who has been mentioned so frequently in connection with political affairs, especially within the last decade, and whose munificence is a matter of public record, was born in the south of Ireland. Here our subject imbibed the ideas that has caused him to champion the cause of Ireland so conspicuously. The Curran family first settled in Indiana, where John attended the public schools, as also in Lyons, Iowa. At the age of 15 he commenced to earn his own living and has succeeded admirably. Being today independently wealthy, he can contribute considerable time as well as money to the gratification of any animadversion, political, scientific 380 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. or otherwise. Time and again he has been mentioned by the Democrats as a most available man for public distinc- tion. He accepted the vice-presidency of the Cook County Democratic Club, when Charles Kern was elected its presi- dent, and was also elected president of the Young Democracy. JOHN M. SMYTH. This gentleman is one of the most prominent lights in Eepublican local politics. He is of Irish descent, about forty-two years of age and was born on board of a tempest- tossed ship off the banks of Newfoundland. John McDon- ald Smyth was not the only child in the family that made his first appearance in public life on the water. A subse- quent boy was born on Lake Michigan, off Kenosha, when the family were en route to Chicago. Mr. Smyth's father, Michael K., originally a schoolteacher in Ireland, was elected clerk of the North Town of Chicago about 1848, but soon dying left our subject and his brother the support of their mother. John M. was first a newspaper carrier for the old Morning Post, launched by Sheehan, Matteson and F. A. Eastman. He also carried papers for J. McNally. At twenty he was city circulator for the Republican, into which the Post had merged. About 1868 he opened, with Ulick Bourke, a small furniture store on the West Side. Dissolving partnership, he then went into business for himself, and is today the leading dealer in the house fur- nishing line in the west division . Besides his fine property on the site of old Scammon school, on Madison street, he owns valuable property on Adams street, near Ogden ave- nue. He has long been Chairman of the Eepublican County Central Committee, was an elector on the Republi- can National Committee in 1880 ; and in 1884, represented the ninth ward in the council, and has frequently been spoken of as a candidate for Mayor. He has strong Irish sympathies, having conspicuously figured in the national MISCELLANEOUS. 381 league conventions in Boston and Philadelphia. He is now president of the municipal council in the league, and contributes most generously to the Irish cause. He is an ardent Catholic. P. MCCARTHY. Patrick McCarthy, ex- County Commissioner, was born in the county of Kerry, Ireland, in 1844. When seven years of age the family removed to Ottawa, in Canada, and after two years came to Lamont, 111. In 1855 they came to Chicago, locating first on the North Side, where our subject attended school. In 1858, removing to the west division, he continued his studies in St . Patrick's school . Mr . McCarthy is a very successful contractor for the re- moval of vessel cargoes. TIMOTHY RYAN. The ex- Assessor was elected Assessor of the West Town of Chicago on the Democratic ticket by a majority of 4,930. His opponent was Pleasant Amick, the most formidable candidate for this particular position for years, as his thorough competency had been repeatedly tested. Mr. Ryan was born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1849, an era in history when the Irish infant, awake and asleep, breathed the fervent spirit of pure patriotism. It is not a marvel at all that Mr. Ryan commands so firm a position in the affections of his compatriots. The early life in America of our subject was spent in farming, the family locating in Pittsburgh, Pa. When Mr. Ryan came to Chicago he entered the wine and spirit trade, and is now doing busi- ness, southwest corner of Harrison and Clinton streets . JOHNG. NEUMEISTER. The ex-City Clerk was born in 1856 in Chicago. He attended the public schools and then studied at Notre Dame. At the age of eighteen, he engaged in business 382 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. with his father George Neumeister, one of the oldest citi- zens and merchants in the city, and still retains the con- nection at 16 South Clark street, where the firm transact a most extensive trade in cheese and delicacies. Mr. Neu- meister has long been active in Democratic politics. He was nominated for Clerk of the North Town and succeeded in carrying every precinct in that division of the city. He made a brilliant fight for the clerkship of the Probate Court and was defeated, but when he made the race for the City Clerkship the result was a signal victory. WILLIAM BEST. The ex-Collector of the Town of South Chicago, was born in 1842 in Canterbury, England. When he was seven years old his family came west, and at the age of twenty-six, he became a partner of Partridge, the well- known tobacconist on Randolph street, in anti-fire days. From that time to the present Mr . Best has conducted a flourishing tobacco traffic throughout the United States, engineering no less than seventeen institutions and having it might be said monopolized the tobacco trade of all of the hotels. The name of the firm is Best, Russell & Co. Seventeen of the most prominent merchants signed Mr. Best's bond of twenty-two millions of dollars, the heaviest document ever recorded in this or any other state, so weighty in fact as to cause editorial comment by the east- ern press. He declined the Democratic nomination for Sheriff in 1886. JOSEPH SOKUP. Joseph Sokup, ex- Assessor of the West Town, was born in Prague, the capital of Bohemia, in Austria, in 1845. When eight years of age his parents came to this country, locating in western Virginia. In a short time they removed to Galena, and thence to Chicago . Here Joseph attended the Washington school up to the age of fourteen, when he MISCELLANEOUS. 383 went to work for C. H. McCormick, the great reaper manufacturer. After four years of remunerative industry here, he picked up the harness business in a very brief time. In 1861, at the outbreak of the war, he entered into a con- tract making harnesses for the government for about three years, but was transferred to duty between 1864 and 1865, on the Nashville and Chattanooga Road. At the close of the war Mr. Sokup established the hardware and tin- roofng business in company with his brother, and is engaged in the business at present. In 1879 he was elected Assessor by a majority of 564 over Pleasant Amick, a very formidable adversary. In 1882 he was elected by a major- ity of about 211 over the same opponent. The election occurred on Tuesday, and Mr. Sokup was placed upon the ticket as late as 11 o'clock on the night of the Sunday immediately preceding. Mr. Sokup was always ambitious. When he was in his teens he was taken from the cars bent upon going to Cairo with the Lincoln Guards, under Captain Michaelski, afterwards killed at Chattanooga, when colonel of the Twenty-fourth. HENRY HUESMAN. The ex-Supervisor of the West Town of Chicago was born of German parents in Pennsylvania, Oct . 3, 1844. At the age of eight the family removed to Kentucky, and when seventeen years old Henry had already distinguished him- self in the classics. Retiring from college he served as bookkeeper for an extensive grocery and dry goods firm in Louisville. In 1867 he came to Chicago and up to 1870 served as bookkeeper for a wholesale tobacco firm. For several years subsequently he was engaged in the grain traffic, making his headquarters, it might be said, at Janesville, Wis., where he made hosts of friends, as evidenced by the flattering notices given him by an unani- mous press on the occasion of his recent visit to that city. 384 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. He was elected supervisor by about the largest vote on the ticket . Mr. Huesman is agent for the extensive brewery of Roesing & Bartholmae, corner of West Twelfth and Brown streets, and is a prominent member of several singing societies and social clubs. Mr. Huesman is popular with all nationalities and con- sequently powerful in politics. p. B. O'HARE. This gentleman was born in the city of Newry, County Down, Ireland, in 1848 and was 17 years of age when he came to America. He came alone and at once engaged in the dry goods business. In 1870 he came to Chicago and entered the dry goods establishment of A. G. Downs & Co., 110 and 112 State street, as a salesman. He then went to J. B. Shay's, at 84 and 86 State street. He subsequently engaged in the services of J. V. Farwell & Co., where he today holds one of the most responsible positions. He was elected West Town Collector by a majority of 3,026, a larger vote than received by any collector before . He was a member of the Democratic County Central Committee for years, and is a prominent figure in politics generally. JOSEPH DIXON. Joseph Dixon, the ex- Warden of the Cook County Hospital, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1837, and as early as 1838 was a resident of the Garden City. What he learned at school would hardly qualify him for the position of Superintendent of Schools, as at the age of 14 we find him off Charleston, S. C., throwing ropes on the "Annie Dee." He afterward shipped on the J. Y. Scammon and was wrecked on her. Two of his comrades went to the bottom . Dixon not only saved himself, but others. He was an expert swimmer from his school-days, and has saved as many as five people from watery graves. After the loss of the Scammon, he turned his hand to MISCELLANEOUS. 385 carpentry. In 1858 he was appointed a complaint clerk under City Marshal Jacob Rehan, and in three weeks was on the detective force. In 1873, under Mayor Colvin, he was appointed Chief of Detectives. As such he served five months, when he was appointed Deputy Superintendent. This position he held while Colvin was Mayor, and during Heath's administration. Resigning he went to Colorado to look after certain mining interests in that locality . Returning to Chicago, the Board of County Commissioners tendered him the arduous position of Warden of the County Hospital. He cared for probably 350 unfortunates on an average, and used about one hundred employes. The public know Joseph Dixon best as a detective. His reputation in this respect is not only national, but is firmly established in many foreign parts. It would require vol- umes to detail his experiences in the detection of crimi- nals. Probably one of his most noted successes was the apprehension of Alfred Ziegenmeyer for the murder of Gumbleton. Gumbleton was a stranger in Chicago, was robbed of all his effects, and thrown into the cold waters of Lake Michigan. While the affair in its mysterious bearings was challenging the exertions of the greatest de- tectives in our midst, Joe Dixon was noiselessly on the track, and when skill confessed defeat in every other quar- ter, Dixon stepped out of the darkness and pointed his finger at the assassin in far away Germany, enjoying his blood-money without stint . Dixon went to Germany and brought Ziegenmeyer to Chicago, whence he was sent to state prison for life . He died there . While on the force Mr. Dixon escaped assassination many times. GEORGE MILLER. This gentleman has been for years prominent among Chicago's citizens, especially those of German ex- 25 386 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. traction. He was born in Bavaria, South Germany, in 1836, and attended college until 1850 serving, mean- while, in the Second Bavarian Dragoons when he came to Chicago and at once became prominent in the leader- ship of the Teutonia, Liederkrantz and other famous sing- ing societies. In 1859 he collected west division taxes and was also clerk for Street Commissioner Dunne, afterward drowned in the Mississippi. On October 1, 1860, Mr. Miller was made Second Sergeant on the police force, but resigned in 1864 to become a sidewalk inspector, resum- ing police duty he was placed on the detective force and arrested many horse-thieves. In 1865 he was appointed Captain of the third precinct. On May 1, 1866, he ac- cepted the United States inspectorship and subsequently, a superintendency of sidewalks. On July 4 he went back on the detective force, rose to a sergeantcy, and on Octo- ber 1, 1868, he became Captain of the second precinct. Having withdrawn from the force he commenced the practice of law, and is now pushing a lucrative business. HENRY SHROEDER. Henry Shroeder. ex-Alderman of the tenth ward, was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1848, having passed through the course of studies usual in the Fatherland, he arrived on these shores at the age of eighteen. He first found employment with the firm of Letz & Easfcon, as a livery- man at first, but soon entered the f oundery of the former, Mr. Fred. Letz, at that time engaged in several heavy contracts. He afterward engaged in teaming, which he prosecuted with success up to the time of the epizootic, when his business failed him . He then embarked in the wine and spirit trade, locating first on the corner of Mil- waukee avenue and Kinzie street, but subsequently remov- ing to No. 140 Milwaukee avenue. Mr. Shroeder was elected, in 1880, on an Independent Democratic ticket; five being in the field at the time. MISCELLANEOUS. 387 SAMUEL STRITCH. Samuel Stritch is probably one of the most expert ab- stract men in the country. He was born in Kerry county, Ireland, and is about thirty-two years of age. His only education was received in Dublin, where his brother taught in the Royal military school of Phoenix Park. He after- ward attended school at a beautiful spot overlooking the river Slaney, a sparkling stream in the county of Wicklow. He came to America when fourteen years of age, and almost on his arrival became a book-keeper in Cincinnati. He was employed by A. C. Peters & Bros., music publish- ers, but soon after came to Chicago. In 1867 he entered the abstract business with Chase Bros. & Co. His exper- ience here secured him a position in the tax and abstract department of the Recorder's office . JAMES E. STEWART. The ex-Chief Inspector of the north-western division of the postal service station at Chicago, springs from the illustrious Scotch house of Stewart. He was born at For- fay, Scotland, July 8, 1841. In 1851 the family settled in Oshkosh, Wisconsin . Having graduated from the high- school he entered the law office of Gabe Bouck . He was studying law when the war occurred. In August, 1862, he entered Company B., Twenty-first Wisconsin Volunteers. He at once went into active service, participating, among other engagements, in the battle of Perryville, where the regiment lost one hundred and ninety-five men, Stone River; Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and the March to the Sea, during which he was made captain for gallantry. He received in person the written surrender of Rollin, N. C. He was mustered out in July, 1865. In 1866, returning to Oshkosh he was appointed a postal clerk and detailed on the North- Western railroad between Cedar Rapids and 388 THE POLITICAL HISTOKY OF CHICAGO. Omaha. He was appointed chief clerk of the railway mail service in 1869. In 1872 he was appointed Inspector. MICHAEL WASSERMAN. Ex-County Commissioner Michael Wasserman, who was elected in 1882 by a majority of 2,100, was born in Bavaria in 1846. After a course in classics, our subject had a painful experience in early life. For the want of better employment, he industriously mutilated his fingers putting in window glass, and might point today to several scars as the result. He embarked in the hardware business in St . Louis, and pursued it in Leavenworth. In 1866 he came to Chicago, and entered a printing office, issuing after a time a theater programme for German performances. He afterward became interested in the West Twelfth street Turner Hall, where he supervised for years its numerous festivities. After the great fire Mr. Wasserman distrib- uted, without one cent of compensation, the funds con- tributed by the Turner societies of the country in behalf of the victims, and received the universal commendation of the public for his honesty and energy. He subsequently established a restaurant at 20 Clark street, but some time ago disposed of it to engage in more congenial business. He is engaged in the wine and liquor traffic, and his place is a well known resort for public men. JAMES M'HALE. One of the first white men born in the North Division of Chicago first saw the light April 22, 1838, and his birthplace was No. 244 Illinois street. Having completed a successful course of study, our subject apprenticed him- self to the ship carpentering business, and followed it for six years. His first political position may be said to have been under Samuel Chase, Assessor of the North Town of Chi- cago. He afterward assisted William Vocke in the collec- tion of North Town taxes; was a deputy under Sheriff MISCELLANEOUS. 389 Agnew, and also under City Clerk Neumeister. He is a member of the Illinois Legislature. E. A. FILKINS. Edward Augustus Filkins, ex-Clerk of the County Board, and a prominent worker in the Republican ranks, was born in Wheeling, Cook county, May 29 1842. He first went to school in Chicago, and completed his studies in New Haven. Returning to Chicago, he entered the hardware store of his father, whose partner was a Mr. Runyon. In 1861 he joined the Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, enrolling in the three-year service. He was with General Rosecrans in his advance into Kentucky; with General Buell, was present at the last battle of Stone River; and was then assigned to the Quartermaster's department up to 1866. In 1867 he entered the County Clerk's office under Edwin S . Solomon afterward governor of Washington Territory; in 1868 he was made a Deputy Clerk in the Circuit Court under Norman T. Gassette; was engaged from 1872 to 1874 in real estate, in 1874 served in the Internal Revenue depart- ment, and in 1877 was appointed Clerk of the County Board . ANTON IMHOF. Anton Imhof was born in Bruckenan, Bavaria, July 8, 1835, and when about nineteen years of age came to Armstrong county, Pennsylvania, where he learned the carpentry trade. In 1870 he came to Chicago, where he secured the position of street foreman for the North Di- vision. In 1880 he was elected Alderman of the Sixteenth ward by Democrats and Republicans alike . JOHN RIORDAN. Ex-Alderman Riordan, of the seventh ward, was born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1830. When eighteen years old he came to New York, and in 1849 arrived in Chicago. His first hard knocks were along the docks, on the old 390 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. Galena, the first road that entered Chicago, and on the Illinois Central from Urbana south. Life became more pleasant when he procured a situation as book-keeper for Farrell, Boyer & Casey. He was with this firm for about two years, and with Heald & Waterhotise afterwards. He finally went into the hay business, locating at No. 531 Throop street. Alderman Riordan has repeatedly succeeded himself in the Council . He takes great interest in the conduct of the police force, and his selection as chairman of the com- mittee on police is deemed a most wise selection. The po- sition of Alderman Riordan in favor of good salaries for the city employes has always been strongly defined. s. D. FOSS. This gentleman was born in Grafton County, New Hampshire, in 1834. His early life was spent on the farm of his father who was a German Whig, and is now aged 77. The ex- Alderman is a Republican but ran independ- ent . There were three in the field and his plurality was thirteen. Attaining his majority he went to Boston and was employed by Mr. Streeter, brother-in-law of the proprietor of the Parker House. He was a livery keeper. In 1860 he went to Pikes Peak and subsequently located a claim in Leadville. He is now engaged in transportation business. EDWARD P. BARRETT. Edward Patrick Barrett, ex-Alderman of the Seven- teenth ward, was born in Scottsville, Genesee County, New York, July 12, 1840. When very young, the family removed to the vicinity of Thorald, Canada, and settled on a farm. In 1848 Mr. Barrett's father considered it good fortune to have three stacks of wheat all to himself out west. In 1860 the subject of this sketch went south and drove a team in Louisiana for the firm of Benedict & Marshall, MISCELLANEOUS. 391 contractors. In 1862 he came to Chicago and connected himself with the American Express Company, and was in their employ up to four months after his first election in 1879. He ran upon every road leaving the city, it might be said, except the Michigan Central, and Milwaukee & St. Paul, and while many and many an accident occurred on his train he invariably escaped . In 1881 the Alderman was reflected without making scarcely an effort. He was paying strict attention to his duties on the road when apprised of the choice of the people. GENERAL JAMES SHIELDS. In the "Political History of Chicago," the following sketch, contributed by William J. Onahan, is not out of place. " The hero of two wars and Senator from three states." Few public men in the United States had a more event- ful career than General James Shields, and Illinois es- pecially has reason to honor his memory and to hold in grateful remembrance his faithful and distinguished r- vices. Member of the Legislature, Auditor of State, Judge of the Supreme Court he had, by force of character and native ability, attained these different positions of trust and honor in Illinois ; and when war with Mexico was de- clared he was holding the position of Commissioner of the General Land Office. The Congressional delegation from Illinois, headed by Hon. John Went worth, called on President Polk and urged the appointment of Shields to a military position and rank, comporting with his ability and the high offices he had filled. The request was granted on the spot, and Shields was commissioned Brigadier General July 1, 1846. He led the Illinois troops in the march to the City of Mexico, and fought with signal gallantry throughout the year being severely 392 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. wounded at Cerro Gordo and Chapultepec indeed, in the first accounts of the former battle he was reported killed. His capacity, bravery, and soldierly skill, won universal recognition in the army, and is testified to in the general orders issued by General Scott, Commander-in-Chief. At the battle of Cherubusco General Shields led the attack on the Mexican reserve, under Santa Anna, his command embracing the Illinois and New England brigades and the celebrated " Palmetto " regiment from South Carolina. With these troops Shields completely routed the Mexican forces, and Santa Anna himself had a narrow escape from capture . In compliment to his conspicuous success and gallantry General Shields was designated to head the conquering forces entering the City of Mexico. Many romantic incidents and episodes are related of the General's experience during the war, each of them serving more strikingly to illustrate his chivalric character and sturdy bravery in action, his consideration for his men, and his magnanimity to the enemy when wounded and prisoners in his hands. At the close of the war he was breveted Major-General and was mustered out of service July 20, 1848. In the same year he was nominated Governor of Oregon Territory, but declined the appointment. He was then chosen United States Senator by the Legislature of Illi- nois, and served the full term, Dec. 3, 1849 to March 3. 1855. Defeated for reelection in Illinois, in consequence of the feuds and divisions in his own party, Hon. Lyman Trum- bull being chosen to succeed him, General Shields moved to Minnesota and there established a colony of Irish set- tlers in and around Faribault. The result of this effort is best and most strikingly MISCELLANEOUS. 393 shown in the fact that the settlement thus formed is now one of the most prosperous farming communities in the state of Minnesota. General Shields was elected to the United States Senate from Minnesota, which state he represented from May 12, 1858, to March 3, 1859. He subsequently moved to Cali- fornia; and, not improbably, would have been called to represent that state also in the United States Senate, but, as soon as hostilities broke out between the North and South^ he offered his services to President Lincoln and was commissioned Brigadier General, August 19, 1861. The general desire of the Irish- American soldiers in the army a desire which was warmly seconded and voiced by General Meagher, Colonel Mulligan and other Irish- American offi- cers was that Shields should be placed in command of an "Irish Division," which could easily have been formed; but the War Department received the suggestion coldly, and nothing was done to carry it into effect. General Shields was given a division in General Banks' army in the Shenandoah valley early in 1862, and com- manded at the battles of Port Eepublic and Winchester. In the latter he inflicted a severe repulse on Stonewall Jackson, after having been severely wounded in a skirmish on the previous day. When the rebels evacuated Manassas, Stonewall Jackson and eight thousand men were at Win- chester. When Banks advanced, Jackson retired twenty miles south to Strasburg, pursued Shields. Banks then moved on to Manassas and Shields fell back on Winchester. Jackson supposed this was a retreat, and he moved forward again and attacked General Shields at Winchester, March 23, 1862, but was very severely repulsed. It is now well known and admitted, that, as in the in- stance of other distinguished officers, the political princi- ples held by General Shields and his firm adherence to the Democratic party, formed a barrier to his advancement, THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. and even to the according him fair recognition for services rendered. Following the memorable campaign against General Stonewall Jackson, General Shields resigned his commis- sion in the army and retired to a farm, which he had ac- quired in Carroll county, Missouri, where he lived a quiet and retired life as a farmer till 1877, when he was elected a member of the General Assembly of Missouri. In the same year he was appointed Adjutant General, and after- wards was elected United States Senator from that state to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Bogy. Thus General Shields had the remarkable distinction, unique, we believe, in the history of the Senate, of having represented three states of the Union in the highest coun- cil of the nation. He did not long survive the close of his term of service. He died suddenly in Ottumwa, Iowa, shortly after, follow- ing a lecture which he was called there to deliver. General Shields was born in the town of Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland, in 1810, and in 1826 emigrated to the United States. He made his way to Illinois, settling in Kaskaskia, then the capital, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1832. (During his term of ser- vice as member of the legislature, 1836-7, Shields was en- trusted by a committee of Chicago citizens, led by Hon. John Wentworth, with the bill for an act of incorporation and the first charter of the city of Chicago.) Largely through his active and zealous championship the measure was pushed through both houses of the Legis- lature, so that General Shields may be said to have obtained the first charter for the city of .Chicago. While in the Senate from this state the bill donating a magnificent grant of land in aid of the projected Illinois Central R. R. was introduced, and finally passed. The vast importance of this measure to the develop- MISCELLANEOUS. 395 ment and prosperity of Illinois was scarcely then adequate- ly estimated, but subsequent results arid existing conditions have amply vindicated the policy and statesmanship of this great and splendid gift. Senator Douglas received at this time almost exclusive credit for this measure, but no small share is in fact justly due to General Shields, who successfully undertook to widen and enlarge the scope of the original grant, and also effected an important change and extension in the pro- posed line of road by which it was made to bisect the state from one end to the other, from Galena to Cairo. It is a curious and interesting fact that General Shields was offered the command of the Pontifical army at a time, during the reign of the late Pope Pius IX. when the security of the states of the church, the temporal possess- ions of the Holy See, was menanced by revolution and spoliation. After deliberate consideration the tender was declined. We had this statement from General Shields himself. The career, qualities and character of General Shields may well serve as a model and a study for the public men of our time. Rising by regular graduation in public life from the position of a member of the Illinois Legislature in 1836-7, to the responsible post of Auditor of State, then Judge of the Supreme Court, afterward Commissioner of the General Land Office, which he resigned to take a Gen- eral's rank and position in the army, and finally returning with honorable wounds and a glorious record from Mexico, a grateful state elected him to represent it in the United States Senate; the associate and compeer of Judge Douglas. These successive honors were not attained by mere accident as sometimes happens in political life; neither were they won by "Influence "or through the favors of personal friends. General Shields Avorked his own way upward unaided . 396 THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO. He possessed ability, grit, and sterling honesty. These were the qualities that won , In whatever position General Shields held he made a record for himself as a faithful public servant, and he came out of every public office held by him, from first to last, with untarnished honors. Temptation could not move, bribery and corruption dare not approach him. Great trusts and immense responsibilities were often in his hands he was faithful under every condition . Through his long and chequered public career he probably never possessed $5,000 at any one time. He had modest tastes and simple habits. All that he possessed when he died was a small farm and the jeweled swords presented to him, one by the state of South Caro- lina after the Mexican war, the other by the city of New York. These are heirlooms for his children, but a more glorious heritage than all is the splendid record of his honorable career, his faithful services and stainless char- acter as a public officer; his bravery and capacity in the field; his wisdom and energy in council; his fidelity to duty on all occasions and in every circumstance. Nor did General Shields forget his native land. On every fitting opportunity his voice was heard pleading her cause, and championing her right to self-government. Had the occasion presented itself, when his sword would have availed in her service, joyously would he have drawn it against his country's hereditary foe. Once indeed, at the close of the war, the leaders of the Fenian organization made overtures to him to take the command of a force designed to operate against Canada; but General Shields was too experienced a soldier not to see the folly of such a suicidal raid without adequate arms or commissaries, to say naught of the criminality of an unjustifiable invasion . Of course he promptly declined the offer; but, as he MISCELLANEOUS. 397 himself publicly declared, given the indispensable con- ditions in Ireland to justify a revolutionary movement, he would not hesitate to lead an armed force to join in the struggle for Ireland's freedom . It is known that, in advance of the organization of the Land League, General Shields had elaborated a plan to unite in a solid organization the American Irish, so as to aid in any home movement that might be set on foot for national enfranchisement or local self-government. General Shields was a devoted Catholic and, in his later years, devoutly attended to the religious duties of his faith. When suddenly stricken down in a convent in Ottumvva where he was visiting his niece, to whom he was devotedly attached, he still had the opportunity, in his last hours, to receive the holy rites of his Church . His remains are interred in Carrollton, the home of his sorrowing widow and family. No monument yet marks the spot, but a movement is likely to be soon set on foot to erect a suitable shaft over the grave of as pure a man and as brave a soldier as America has known. On that monument may be fittingly inscribed the legend " Semper et ubique ftdelis." . -" .. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBAN* 977.31AH3P C001 POLITICAL HISTORY OF CHICAGO CHGO 30112025383479