STATE OF ILLINOIS 
 
 HENRY HORNER, Governor 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
 
 JOHN J. HALLIHAN, Director 
 
 DIVISION OF THE 
 
 STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
 
 M. M. LEIGHTON, Chief 
 URBANA 
 
 REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS — NO. 56 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY IN 1938 
 
 A Preliminary Statistical Summary and 
 Economic Review 
 
 BY 
 
 Walter H. Voskuil and G. N. Oliver 
 
 'HINTED BY AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS 
 
 URBANA, ILLINOIS 
 19 3 9 
 
STATE OF ILLINOIS 
 Hon. Henry Horner, Governor 
 DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCA' 
 Hon. John J. Hallihan, Director 
 
 ION 
 
 Edson S, 
 
 William 
 
 Chem. 
 
 Louis R. 
 
 BOARD OF 
 NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION 
 Hon. John J. Hallihan, Chairman 
 Bastin, Ph.D., Geology William Trelease, D.Sc, LL.D., Biology 
 
 A. Noyes, Ph.D., LL.D., Henry C. Cowles, Ph.D., D.Sc, Forestry 
 
 D., D.Sc, Chemistry Arthur Cutts Willard, D.Engr., LL.D., 
 
 Howson, C.E., Engineering President of the University of Illinois 
 
 STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION 
 
 Urban a 
 
 M. M. Leighton, Ph.D., Chief 
 
 Enid Townley, M.S., Assistant to the Chief 
 
 Jane Titcomb, M.A., Geological Assistant 
 
 GEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 
 Coal 
 
 G. H. Cady, Ph.D., Senior Geologist 
 
 L. C. McCabe, Ph.D. 
 
 James M. Schopf, Ph.D. 
 
 Earle F. Taylor, M.S. 
 
 Charles C. Boley, M.S. 
 Industrial Minerals 
 
 J. E. Lamar, B.S. 
 
 H. B. Willman, Ph.D. 
 
 Robert M. Grogan, M.S. 
 
 J. S. Templeton, A.B. 
 Oil and Gas 
 
 A. H. Bell, Ph.D. 
 
 G. V. Cohee, Ph.D. 
 
 Frederick Squires, B.S. 
 
 Charles W. Carter, Ph.D. 
 
 F. C. MacKnight, Ph.D. 
 
 James L. Carlton, B.S. 
 
 Frank E. Tippie, B.S. 
 
 Roy B. Ralston, B.A. 
 Areal and Engineering Geology 
 
 George E. Ekblaw, Ph.D. 
 
 Richard F. Fisher, B.A. 
 Subsurface Geology 
 
 L. E. Workman, M.S. 
 
 J. Norman Payne, Ph.D. 
 
 Elwood Atherton, Ph.D. 
 
 Merlyn B. Buhle, M.S. 
 
 Gordon Prescott, B.S. 
 Stratigraphy and Paleontology 
 
 J. Marvin Weller, Ph.D. 
 
 Chalmer L. Cooper, M.S. 
 Petrography 
 
 Ralph E. Grim, Ph.L 
 
 Richards A. Rowlan 
 Physics 
 
 R. J. Piersol, Ph.D. 
 
 M. C. Watson, Ph.D. 
 
 Donald O. Holland, 
 
 Consultants: 
 
 of Illinois; 
 
 University 
 Topographic Wl 
 This Report is 
 
 limffifll I SKR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
 
 3 3051 00005 6907 
 
 GEOCHEMISTRY 
 
 Frank H. Reed, Ph.D., Chief Chemist 
 W. F. Bradley, Ph.D. 
 G. C. Finger, Ph.D. 
 Helen F. Austin, B.S. 
 
 Fuels 
 
 G. R. Yohe, Ph.D. 
 Carl Harman, B.S. 
 
 X on- Fuels 
 
 J. S. Machin, Ph.D. 
 James F. Vanf.cek, M.S. 
 
 Analytical 
 
 O. W. Rees, Ph.D. 
 George W. Land, B. Ed. 
 P. W. Henline, B.S. 
 Mathew Kalinowski, B.S. 
 A. J. Veraguth, M.S. 
 
 MINERAL ECONOMICS 
 
 W. H. Voskuil, Ph.D., Mineral Economist 
 Grace N. Oliver, A.B. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL EXTENSION 
 Don L. Carroll, B.S. 
 
 IONS AND RECORDS 
 
 BLAW, Ph.D. 
 )OPER, M.S. 
 
 , B.S. 
 
 NEY, A.B. 
 ARPER, M.S. 
 
 Calkins 
 
 >., D.Sc, University 
 Collins Baker, B.S., 
 
 _ j s Geological Survey, 
 lomics. 
 
 August l, 1939 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Page 
 
 Introduction 5 
 
 Acknowledgments 5 
 
 Coal in Illinois 5 
 
 Output in 1938 5 
 
 Distribution 5 
 
 Lake cargo shipments 12 
 
 Lake Michigan coal market area 12 
 
 Natural Gas 14 
 
 Oil 14 
 
 Stocks of crude oil and refined products 15 
 
 Illinois petroleum industry 17 
 
 Distribution 17 
 
 Illinois as a consumer of oil products 18 
 
 Cement 18 
 
 Agricultural limestone 18 
 
 Fluorspar 21 
 
 Building industry 22 
 
 Clay products 23 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 Figure Page 
 
 1. Coal output in U. S. District 8 and in Illinois, by months, in 1937 13 
 
 2. Consumption of gasoline, residual fuel oil, and gas oil and distillate fuel, by months, in 1937 
 
 and 1938 17 
 
 3. Value of building permits issued in 23 Illinois cities, by months, in 1938 23 
 
 ILLINOIS GEOLOGICAL 
 
 SURVcY LIBRARY 
 
 API 2 6 '003 
 
 [3] 
 
TABLES 
 
 Page 
 
 1. Summary of production and value ot Illinois minerals, 1937-1938 6 
 
 2. Coal output in Illinois by months and by types of mines, 1937 and 1938 7 
 
 3. Bituminous coal production in Illinois shipping mines, by counties and months, 1938. ... 8 
 
 4. Production of coal, 1937-1938 8 
 
 5. Origin of revenue railroad shipments of coal into the Illinois coal market area from Illinois, 
 
 Indiana, and western Kentucky, and west-bound from Ohio and the Appalachians, for 
 
 1937 and 1938 7 
 
 6. Origin and destination of revenue railroad shipments of coal from Illinois, Indiana, and 
 
 Kentucky, and from the Appalachians, exclusive of non-revenue railroad fuel, for 1937 
 
 and 1938 10 
 
 7. Shipments of bituminous coal to Great Lakes ports tor cargo, 1937 and 1938 12 
 
 8. Deliveries of lake cargo coal to Lake Michigan and Lake Superior ports in 1937 and 1938. . 12 
 
 9. Coal stocks in Lake Superior and Lake Michigan ports, December 31, 1936-1938 12 
 
 10. Transportation rates from selected Appalachian fields to Milwaukee 12 
 
 1 1. Coal received at Lake Michigan ports, season of 1936 13 
 
 12. Consumption of natural gas in the Illinois coal market area, 1937 14 
 
 13. Natural gas imported into the Illinois coal market area, 1935-1937 14 
 
 14. New supply of all oils in the United States in 1937 and 1938 15 
 
 15. Consumption of principal refined products by months, 1937-1938 16 
 
 16. Production of petroleum in Illinois, 1937 and 1938 17 
 
 17. Consumption of oil products in Illinois, 1934-1937 18 
 
 18. Cement shipments into Illinois, by months, for 1937 and 1938 18 
 
 19. Reported agricultural limestone used in Illinois during 1937 ami 1938 19 
 
 20. Fluorspar industry in 1937 and 1938 21 
 
 21. Fluorspar shipped from mines in the United States, by states 21 
 
 11. Fluorspar imported into the United States, 1937-1938, by countries 21 
 
 23. Fluorspar consumed and in stock in the United States, 1937 and 1938, by industries, in 
 
 short tons 11 
 
 24. Value of building permits in 23 Illinois cities, 1938 22 
 
 25. Value of clay products, 1935-1938 23 
 
 26. Production of clay products, by classes, in 1938 23 
 
 27. Shipments of clay products in Illinois, by classes, in 1938 24 
 
 [4] 
 
ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY IN 1938 
 
 A PRELIMINARY STATISTICAL SUMMARY AND ECONOMIC REVIEW 
 
 Walter H. Yo.sk.uil and G. N. Oliver 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 THE outstanding characteristic of the 
 mineral industry in Illinois in 1938 was 
 the extensive exploration and development 
 of the oil industry in the deep basin area and 
 the rapid increase in oil output. Coal pro- 
 duction, on the other hand, fell off sharply 
 due to the decline of industrial productivity 
 in 1938. Temperatures higher than normal 
 in the last three months of 1938 also affected 
 the domestic fuel demand, and coal dealers 
 were slow to replenish stocks. Continued 
 activity in the building industry sustained 
 the demand for building materials. Demand 
 for agricultural limestone exceeded that of 
 1937. The output of fluorspar was sharply 
 curtailed due to a falling off in production 
 of steel. 
 
 The decline in industrial production no- 
 ticeably affected the demand for industrial 
 minerals. Molding sand declined to 40 per 
 cent in output of the previous year; grinding 
 and polishing sand fell to 50 per cent ; flux- 
 ing stone declined to 77 per cent, and fluor- 
 spar to about 45 per cent. The recovery of 
 industrial production late in 1938 did not 
 show its effect in the demand for mineral 
 raw materials since stock piles were unusu- 
 ally large and ample for several months' 
 supply. 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
 
 This report is made possible through the 
 cooperation of the Bureau of Mines of the 
 U. S. Department of the Interior, the Bureau 
 of the Census of the U. S. Department of 
 Commerce, the Illinois State Department 
 of Mines and Minerals, the National Bitu- 
 minous Coal Commission, and through the 
 generous cooperation of the mineral pro- 
 ducers of the State in responding to requests 
 for information. 
 
 COAL IN ILLINOIS 
 Output ix 1938 
 
 Production of coal in the United States 
 and in the principal coal producing districts 
 within the Illinois coal market area is shown 
 in table 2. The output of coal in Illinois in 
 1938 declined 30.5 per cent from that of the 
 previous year. 
 
 The coal output in Illinois by months 
 and by types of mines during 1937 and 1938 
 is shown in table 3, and the bituminous coal 
 production, bv counties and bv months, for 
 1938 is shown in table 4 (pp. '8-9). 
 
 Distribution 
 
 Coal consumed in the Illinois coal market 
 area is received from northern and southern 
 districts of the Appalachian coal producing 
 fields, from Illinois, Indiana, and western 
 Kentucky and, in minor quantities, from the 
 coal-producing states of Iowa. Missouri, 
 North Dakota, Kansas, Arkansas, Wyo- 
 ming, Colorado, and Montana. 
 
 The coal industry suffered a sharp decline 
 in output in 1938 as a result of the decline 
 of industrial production during the greater 
 part of that year. The industry operated 
 throughout the year without the application 
 of minimum prices as contemplated in the 
 Bituminous Coal Act of 1937, and prices 
 fell below those proposed by the Bituminous 
 Coal Commission in its proposed price sched- 
 ule issued on December 3rd of the previous 
 year. 
 
 In the domestic market, gains were regis- 
 tered by the continued increase in the instal- 
 lation of domestic stokers although installa- 
 tions were somewhat less than in the previ- 
 ous year. The market for stokers, however, 
 held up better than that for domestic oil 
 burners. 
 
ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 1. — Summary of Production* and Value of Illinois 
 Minerals, 1937-1938 
 
 Minerals 
 
 Coal 
 
 Pig iron 3 
 
 Clav Products. 
 Coke 3 
 
 Cement, Portland, (barrels) 
 
 Sand and gravel (total) 
 
 Structural sand 
 
 Paving and road-making sand 
 
 Glass sand 
 
 Molding sand 
 
 Railroad ballast sand 4 
 
 Grinding, polishing and blast sand 
 
 Engine sand 
 
 Fire or furnace sand 
 
 Other sands 
 
 Structural gravel 
 
 Paving and road-making gravel 
 
 Railroad ballast gravel 4 
 
 Other gravel 
 
 Petroleum 
 
 Limestone (total) 
 
 Dimension 
 
 Road metal and concrete 
 
 Flux 
 
 Railroad ballast 
 
 Riprap 
 
 Rubble 
 
 Agricultural 
 
 Other uses 
 
 Rock wool 
 
 Mineral paints, zinc and lead pigments. . . . 
 
 Natural gasoline (gallons) 
 
 Natural gas (M cu. ft.) 
 
 Lime 
 
 Feldspar (ground) 
 
 Fluorspar 
 
 Fuller's earth 
 
 Quartz (silica) 
 
 Clay (raw, including that burned at mine or 
 
 pit) 
 
 Tripoli 
 
 Lead and silver 
 
 Sandstone 
 
 Zinc 
 
 Pyrites 
 
 Other minerals 
 
 Total value 
 
 1937 1 
 
 Amount 2 
 
 51.240,000 
 3,357,959 
 
 2,998,663 
 
 5,246,102 
 
 14,333,482 
 
 1,353,913 
 
 1,226,798 
 
 628,020 
 
 914.750 
 
 318,839 
 
 132,002 
 
 54,975 
 
 10,836 
 
 191,864 
 
 1.576.257 
 
 6.814.600 
 
 1,085,331 
 
 24,292 
 
 7.426.000 
 
 9,819,730 
 
 7.005,530 
 
 652,940 
 
 425.950 
 
 270,320 
 
 230 
 
 1,282,290 
 164,440 
 
 2,566.882 
 142^122 
 
 78.664 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 96,329 
 
 161,537 
 
 23,150 
 
 Value 
 
 $80,960,000 
 
 70.893,278 
 
 11,958.913 
 
 20.213,129 
 
 7.501,926 
 
 7,486.605 
 
 641,718 
 
 541,621 
 
 757.138 
 
 855.017 
 
 88.432 
 
 394,263 
 
 33,329 
 
 12,189 
 
 181,512 
 
 773,051 
 
 2.783,383 
 
 418,578 
 
 2,779 
 
 9,870,000 
 
 8,335.094 
 
 5.807,103 
 
 371,178 
 
 297,984 
 
 325,222 
 
 430 
 
 1.252.605 
 245,698 
 215,000 
 ( 5 ) 
 153,299 
 
 1.039,087 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 1,730.585 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 575,251 
 
 339.706 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 22,634 
 33,584 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 417,126 
 
 S146.878.270 
 
 1938 
 
 Amount 2 
 
 39.353.000 
 1,519,572 
 
 1 , 800 . 000 
 4,100.000 
 8,729.915 
 1,023,497 
 1,034,799 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 359,363 
 
 191,565 
 
 61,175 
 
 38,235 
 
 10,432 
 
 547,091 
 
 1,081,856 
 
 2,781.580 
 
 1,166,371 
 
 53,692 
 
 23,929.000 
 
 8.489.850 
 
 47.360 
 
 3,848,513 
 
 167,549 
 
 101,798 
 
 79.591 
 
 3,557 
 
 1,068,903 
 
 2,774.097 
 
 ( 6 ) 
 
 122,300 
 
 135.256 
 
 ( 6 ) 
 ( 5 ) 
 66.583 
 
 Value 
 
 $62 . 964 , 800 
 
 30,899,012 
 
 5,047,320 
 
 12,750.000 
 
 5 . 993 , 644 
 
 4.788,125 
 
 506.307 
 
 489,329 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 356,799 
 
 51,032 
 
 184,258 
 
 22,501 
 
 16,864 
 
 710,838 
 
 565,303 
 
 1,169,935 
 
 392,166 
 
 26,676 
 
 24.000.000 
 
 7,319.831 
 
 64,714 
 
 2,630.966 
 
 116,726 
 
 76,476 
 
 84,601 
 
 6,562 
 
 963,902 
 
 2 , 205 , 745 
 
 ( 6 ) 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 ( 6 ) 
 
 31,862 
 
 965,836 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 751,227 
 ( 5 ) 
 418,881 
 
 403,221 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 16,844 
 ( 5 ) 
 ( 5 ) 
 ( 5 ) 
 443,836 
 
 $143,853,183 
 
 J Final figures, 
 similar purposes. 
 
 2 In tons except as noted. 3 Value not included in total. 
 included in "Other minerals." 6 \ot available. 
 
 includes some material used for fills and 
 
COAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 2. — Production of Coal, 1937-1938 1 
 (Thousands of tons) 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 Decrease 
 
 
 Amount 
 
 Per cent 
 
 United States 
 
 442,455 
 
 51,240 
 
 8,283 
 
 17,270 
 
 3,690 
 
 342,407 
 39,353 
 
 7,275 
 13.799 
 
 3,250 
 
 100,048 
 
 11.887 
 
 1,008 
 
 3,471 
 
 440 
 
 29.2 
 
 Illinois 
 
 30 5 
 
 Western Kentucky 
 
 Indiana 
 
 13.8 
 25.1 
 
 
 13.5 
 
 
 
 'Data from U. S. Bur. Mines Weekly Coal Reports, Xos. 1082, Apr. 9, 1938, and 1132, March 25, 1939. 
 
 All-rail shipments into the Illinois mar- 
 ket area in 1937 and 1938 from principal 
 fields are summarized in table 5. 
 
 The largest shipments of coal from the 
 Appalachian district came from fields in 
 southern West Virginia and eastern Ken- 
 tucky. Coal from these districts supplies, in 
 part, the coking operations in the Chicago 
 district, and is also used extensively in the 
 domestic heating market. 
 
 Detailed data on all-rail coal shipments 
 into the Illinois coal market area is shown 
 in table 6. In each of the principal markets 
 within the Illinois coal market area, there 
 occurred a sharp drop in shipments. It is 
 interesting to note however, that the con- 
 tribution of Illinois fields to the Chicago 
 market increased from 27 per cent in 1937 
 to 29 per cent in 1938. 
 
 Table 5. — Origix of Revenue Railroad Shipments of Coal into the Illinois Coal Market 
 
 Area from Illinois, Indiana, and Western Kentucky, and West-bound from Ohio 
 
 and the Appalachians 1 , for 1937 and 1938 
 
 (Thousands of tons) 
 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 
 Amount 
 
 Per cent 
 
 Amount 
 
 Per cent 
 
 
 3.140 
 
 93,535 
 
 155,725 
 
 13.074 
 
 3,799 
 
 1.757.623 
 
 9,631.984 
 
 1,561.994 
 
 333.527 
 
 4.614.864 
 
 1.232 
 
 3 , 665 . 509 
 
 22,530,087 
 
 5,370,753 
 
 1,541.176 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 3.4 
 18.8 
 
 3.0 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 9.0 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 7.1 
 43.8 
 10.5 
 
 3.0 
 
 1.052 
 
 66.896 
 
 46.500 
 
 5.660 
 
 1 . 843 
 
 1.240.954 
 
 6.096.372 
 
 1.075.352 
 
 516.083 
 
 2.559.895 
 
 1.269 
 
 3.453.672 
 
 17.032,371 
 
 4.412.804 
 
 1,362.153 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 Central Pennsylvania, Somerset-Meyersdale, 
 
 Cumberland-Piedmont 
 
 Fairmont (W. Va.) 
 
 Northern and Eastern Ohio 
 
 and 
 
 Kanawha (W. Va.), Logan and Kenova-Thack* 
 
 Va.-E. Ky.). 
 
 New River- Winding Gulf and Pocahontas-Tug 
 Northeast Kentucky and McRoberts 
 
 ;r (W. 
 River 
 
 3.3 
 
 16.0 
 
 2.8 
 
 1.3 
 
 Hardin. Hazard, and Southern Appalachian 
 
 6.7 
 
 Ex-river coal 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 9.1 
 
 Central and Southern Illinois 
 
 45.0 
 11.6 
 
 Western Kentucky 
 
 
 3.6 
 
 Total 
 
 51,278.022 
 
 
 37,872,876 
 
 
 distribution of Coal Shipments, U. S. Bituminous Coal Commission, M. C. D. No. 92, April 27, 1939. 
 2 Less than 1 per cent. 
 
ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 3.- — Coal Output in Illinois by Months and 
 
 Total output, 1937. 
 
 Total output, 1938 
 
 Change 
 
 Strip mines, 1937 . 
 
 Strip mines, 1938. . 
 
 Change 
 
 Shaft mines, 1937 . 
 Shaft mines, 1938 
 Change 
 
 January 
 
 5,279,062 
 4,230,976 
 1,048,086 
 
 933,718 
 
 813,224 
 
 —120,494 
 
 4,345,344 
 3,417,752 
 —927,592 
 
 February 
 
 5,390,630 
 3,388,278 
 -2,002,352 
 
 1,025,724 
 
 745,676 
 
 —280,048 
 
 4,364,906 
 2,642,602 
 -1,722,304 
 
 March 
 
 6,518,304 
 2,718,782 
 -3,799,522 
 
 1,333,610 
 
 708,556 
 
 —625,054 
 
 5,184,694 
 2,010,226 
 -3,174,468 
 
 April 
 
 1,967,339 
 2,167,039 
 + 199,700 
 
 450,703 
 
 623,139 
 
 + 172,436 
 
 1,516,636 
 
 1 , 543 , 900 
 
 + 27,264 
 
 May 
 
 2,067,090 
 1,874,332 
 —192,758 
 
 550,598 
 
 509,500 
 
 —41,098 
 
 1,516,492 
 1,364,832 
 —151,660 
 
 Jun( 
 
 2,492,189 
 2,112,508 
 —379,681 
 
 669,991 
 675,038 
 +5,047 
 
 1,822,198 
 1,437,470 
 —384,728 
 
 •Compiled from Monthly Coal Distribution Reports, Illinois State Department of Mines and Minerals. 
 
 Table 4. — Bituminous Coal Production in Illinois Shipping 
 
 Countv 
 
 Christian 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Henry 
 
 Jackson 
 
 LaSalle 
 
 Macoupin 
 
 Madison 
 
 Montgomery. . 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Perry 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Saline 
 
 Sangamon 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 Washington. 
 Williamson. . . 
 Other counties 
 
 Total 
 
 Strip mines. . . 
 Shaft mines. . . 
 
 January 
 
 374,406 
 
 29,828 
 
 1,007,520 
 
 151,995 
 
 60,387 
 126,201 
 
 48,954 
 356,022 
 102,155 
 
 55,737 
 113,250 
 306,017 
 
 91,618 
 359,757 
 225,545 
 197,305 
 142,365 
 
 21,918 
 190,377 
 260,486 
 
 4,230,976 
 
 813,224 
 3,417,752 
 
 February 
 
 326,240 
 
 12,252 
 
 734 , 845 
 
 204,121 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 77,608 
 
 37.426 
 
 310,135 
 
 34,730 
 
 47,136 
 
 101,270 
 
 247,134 
 
 76,145 
 
 288,420 
 
 178,621 
 
 147,640 
 
 153,683 
 
 14,333 
 
 142,221 
 
 254.318 
 
 3,388,278 
 
 745,676 
 2,642,602 
 
 March 
 
 300.023 
 
 1 2 , 000 
 
 485,012 
 
 174,989 
 
 40 . 808 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 10.963 
 234.342 
 
 62,942 
 
 54.444 
 
 87.827 
 232.040 
 
 99,924 
 223,814 
 115,834 
 104,109 
 123,677 
 
 16,188 
 122,501 
 218,345 
 
 2,718,782 
 
 708,556 
 2,010.226 
 
 April 
 
 262.342 
 
 3,137 
 
 339,866 
 
 180,128 
 
 51,668 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 12,040 
 
 221,100 
 47,660 
 46,426 
 47,902 
 
 181.489 
 73,814 
 
 145,004 
 96,758 
 83,201 
 95.770 
 24,516 
 
 111,843 
 
 142.375 
 
 2,167.039 
 
 623,139 
 1 , 543 . 900 
 
 May 
 
 281,115 
 1,352 
 
 335,276 
 
 101,126 
 35,662 
 39,395 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 185,515 
 25,623 
 30,809 
 65,927 
 
 163,947 
 52,858 
 
 110,471 
 77,440 
 63,401 
 74,871 
 14,490 
 90,047 
 
 125,007 
 
 1.874,332 
 
 509 , 500 
 1,364.832 
 
 June 
 
 252,239 
 2,859 
 
 394,458 
 
 171,516 
 30,412 
 ( 2 ) 
 7,936 
 
 189,604 
 42,764 
 36,006 
 61,037 
 
 226,727 
 58,774 
 
 135,660 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 68,770 
 78,817 
 11,748 
 
 150,447 
 
 192,734 
 
 2,112.508 
 
 675,038 
 1,437,470 
 
 x Compiled from Monthly Coal Distribution Reports: Illinois State Department of Mines and Minerals, 
 included in other counties. 
 
COAL INDUSTRY 
 
 by Types of Minks, 1 ( >37 and 1938' (Net tons) 
 
 July 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 Total 
 
 2,732,473 
 2,192,384 
 —540 , 089 
 
 3,005,108 
 2,760,098 
 —244,010 
 
 4,087,467 
 3,329,526 
 — 757,941 
 
 4,651,359 
 3,529,802 
 1,121,557 
 
 4,489,871 
 3,976,278 
 —513,593 
 
 5,221,852 
 4,562,573 
 - 659,279 
 
 48,502,470 
 
 36,842,576 
 
 — 11,659,894 
 
 718,388 
 
 583,518 
 
 —134.870 
 
 750,706 
 
 811,320 
 
 +60,614 
 
 1,008,340 
 
 926,400 
 
 —81,940 
 
 1,123,555 
 
 966,900 
 
 —156,655 
 
 1,027,773 
 
 1,103,654 
 
 + 75,881 
 
 1,221,062 
 
 1,187,559 
 
 +33,503 
 
 10,814,168 
 
 9,654,484 
 
 —1,159,684 
 
 2,014,085 
 1,608,866 
 —405,219 
 
 2.254,402 
 1,948,778 
 —305 , 624 
 
 3,079,127 
 2,403,126 
 —676,001 
 
 3,527,804 
 2,562,902 
 —964,902 
 
 3,462,098 
 2,872,624 
 —589,474 
 
 4,000,790 
 3,375,014 
 —625,776 
 
 37,688,302 
 
 27,188,092 
 
 —10,500,210 
 
 Mines, bv Counties and Months, 1938 1 (Net tons) 
 
 July 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 Total 1938 
 
 Total 1937 
 
 241,528 
 
 303,600 
 
 322,158 
 
 307,549 
 
 332,844 
 
 391,075 
 
 3,694,119 
 
 4,738,792 
 
 2,713 
 
 5,521 
 
 11,244 
 
 14,288 
 
 13,804 
 
 15,866 
 
 124,864 
 
 259,583 
 
 455,354 
 
 621,197 
 
 790,585 
 
 799,657 
 
 871,280 
 
 1,060,371 
 
 7,895,421 
 
 10,109,923 
 
 133,958 
 
 260,106 
 
 248,568 
 
 272,210 
 
 319,555 
 
 348,617 
 
 2,566,889 
 
 2,935,662 
 
 30,494 
 
 47,120 
 
 58,152 
 
 62,777 
 
 58,178 
 
 63,441 
 
 546,984 
 
 612,196 
 
 89,664 
 
 119,172 
 
 126,959 
 
 132,808 
 
 137,960 
 
 186,082 
 
 1,117,810 
 
 1,599,078 
 
 2,508 
 
 12,962 
 
 17,132 
 
 16,943 
 
 22,785 
 
 41,761 
 
 238,257 
 
 373,359 
 
 190,807 
 
 232,563 
 
 258,861 
 
 347,510 
 
 348,779 
 
 399,345 
 
 3,274,583 
 
 3,515,120 
 
 47,915 
 
 55,320 
 
 77,513 
 
 80,694 
 
 101,026 
 
 61,951 
 
 740,293 
 
 1,288,263 
 
 32,637 
 
 46,011 
 
 57,760 
 
 58,100 
 
 79,007 
 
 89,774 
 
 633,847 
 
 928,586 
 
 56,942 
 
 74,801 
 
 67,000 
 
 81,662 
 
 87,557 
 
 90,879 
 
 935,054 
 
 1,112,369 
 
 163,416 
 
 209,742 
 
 242,038 
 
 262,484 
 
 323,008 
 
 335,264 
 
 2,893,306 
 
 3,842,839 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 86,996 
 
 120,641 
 
 94,575 
 
 111,524 
 
 128,996 
 
 1,039,234 
 
 1,347,121 
 
 174,775 
 
 148,859 
 
 195,761 
 
 281,363 
 
 322,545 
 
 381,774 
 
 2,768,203 
 
 3,449,723 
 
 110,509 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 102,424 
 
 86,432 
 
 124,077 
 
 136,900 
 
 1,315,092 
 
 2,336,427 
 
 82,030 
 
 120,072 
 
 140,322 
 
 144,719 
 
 177,843 
 
 184,950 
 
 1,514,362 
 
 1,998,618 
 
 76,924 
 
 75,167 
 
 127,526 
 
 112,592 
 
 110,469 
 
 156,324 
 
 1,328,185 
 
 1,858,388 
 
 19,353 
 
 12,270 
 
 15,837 
 
 15,378 
 
 23,637 
 
 30,130 
 
 219,798 
 
 310,826 
 
 108,904 
 
 132,436 
 
 150,364 
 
 123,478 
 
 176,984 
 
 181,490 
 
 1,681,092 
 
 2,393,992 
 
 171,953 
 
 196,183 
 
 198,681 
 
 234,583 
 
 233,416 
 
 277,583 
 
 2,315,183 
 
 3,491,605 
 
 2,192,384 
 
 2,760,098 
 
 3,329,526 
 
 3,529,802 
 
 3,976,278 
 
 4,562,573 
 
 36,842,576 
 
 48,502,470 
 
 583,518 
 
 811,320 
 
 926,400 
 
 966,900 
 
 1,103,654 
 
 1,187,559 
 
 9,654,484 
 
 10,814,168 
 
 1,608,866 
 
 1,948,778 
 
 2,403,126 
 
 2,562,902 
 
 2,872,624 
 
 3,375,014 
 
 27,188,092 
 
 37,688,302 
 
10 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 6. — Origin and Destination of Revenue Railroad Shipments of 
 
 (Exclusive of non- 
 
 (Net 
 
 From 
 
 Chicago 
 District 
 
 Illinois 
 other 2 
 
 Mil- 
 waukee, 
 Wis. 
 
 Wis- 
 consin, 
 other 
 
 Council 
 Bluffs, 
 Iowa 
 
 
 1937 
 
 
 
 
 
 Western Pennsylvania 
 
 2,278 
 
 55,591 
 
 144,680 
 
 3,367 
 
 1,938 
 
 1,335,229 
 
 8,213,952 
 
 1,074,707 
 
 217,398 
 
 3,530,670 
 136 
 
 546,388 
 6,196,423 
 2,924,433 
 
 532,936 
 
 559 
 
 4,561 
 
 5,075 
 
 2,064 
 
 100 
 
 104,980 
 
 415,370 
 
 105,693 
 
 32,455 
 
 396,185 
 
 925 
 
 2,161,089 
 
 7,708,571 
 
 1,251,039 
 
 302,017 
 
 72 
 
 379 
 46 
 
 ' 708 
 
 102,406 
 
 308 
 
 2,687 
 
 1,375 
 
 231 
 
 6,391 
 
 3,564 
 
 1,178 
 
 393 
 
 32,969 
 
 559,587 
 45,465 
 52,747 
 
 41,897 
 
 116 
 
 152,325 
 
 1,114,757 
 
 471,166 
 
 186,442 
 
 
 Central Pennsylvania, Somerset-Meyers- 
 dale and Cumberland Piedmont 
 
 Fairmont, W. Va 
 
 847 
 
 Northern and eastern Ohio 
 
 Southern Ohio 
 
 Kanawha, Logan and Kenova-Thacker. . . 
 
 New River-Winding Gulf and Pocahon- 
 
 tas-Tug River 
 
 "586 
 
 Northeast Kentucky and McRoberts. . . . 
 Virginia 
 
 
 Hazard, Harlan and Southern Appalach- 
 ians 
 
 396 
 
 
 
 
 1,173 
 
 38,369 
 
 114,253 
 
 6,083 
 
 144 
 
 Central and Southern Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Western Kentucky 
 
 42,720 
 434 
 
 5,554 
 
 Grand Total 
 
 24,780,124 
 
 12,490,683 
 
 267,859 
 
 2,669,228 
 
 50,681 
 
 
 
 Per cent of change over 1936 
 
 +8.3 
 
 + 2.8 
 
 —11.7 
 
 - .4 
 
 —29.9 
 
 1938 
 
 Western Pennsylvania 
 
 Central Pennsylvania, Somerset-Myers- 
 dale, and Cumberland-Piedmont 
 
 Fairmont, W. Va 
 
 Northern and eastern Ohio 
 
 Southern Ohio 
 
 Kanawha, Logan and Kenova-Thacker.. . 
 
 New River-Winding Gulf and Pocahon- 
 tas-Tug River 
 
 Northeast Kentucky and McRoberts. . . . 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Hazard, Harlan and Southern Appalach- 
 ians 
 
 Ex-river coal 
 
 Northern Illinois 
 
 Central and Southern Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Western Kentucky 
 
 Grand Total 
 
 Per cent of change over 1937 
 
 754 
 
 26,613 
 
 37,112 
 
 1,404 
 
 1,052 
 
 801,911 
 
 4,858,237 
 759,917 
 368,293 
 
 1,628,665 
 
 525,882 
 4,137,957 
 2,299,876 
 
 536,657 
 
 15,984,330 
 
 -35.5 
 
 42 
 
 4,712 
 
 4,740 
 
 516 
 
 90,458 
 
 350,434 
 84 , 648 
 47,249 
 
 345,450 
 
 1,269 
 
 1,930,569 
 
 6,441,092 
 
 1,041,479 
 
 254,391 
 
 10,597,049 
 
 15.2 
 
 256 
 
 249 
 
 77 
 
 599 
 
 87,509 
 
 600 
 
 6,670 
 
 192 
 
 1,231 
 23,311 
 79,319 
 
 6,832 
 
 206,845 
 
 —22. 
 
 8,441 
 
 2,532 
 
 1,267 
 
 73 
 
 24,485 
 
 498,044 
 36,162 
 68,511 
 
 30,442 
 
 168,526 
 953,803 
 408,480 
 139,181 
 
 2,339,947 
 
 12.3 
 
 674 
 
 560 
 
 391 
 
 48 
 
 22,215 
 
 223 
 
 3,630 
 
 27,741 
 
 -45.3 
 
 x Data from National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly Coal Distribution Report No. 92, Apr. 27, 1939. 
 includes Davenport, Iowa for shipments from Ohio and the Crescent and includes Davenport, Bettendorf , and Iowanna, 
 Iowa for shipments from Illinois, Indiana and Western Kentucky; excludes East St. Louis, Illinois. 
 
COAL IX D US TRY 
 
 11 
 
 Coal from Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky, and from the Appalachians for 1937 and 1938 1 
 
 revenue railroad fuel) 
 
 tons) 
 
 Iowa, 
 other 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 Kan- 
 sas 
 City, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Joseph, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Mis- 
 souri, 
 other 
 
 Kan- 
 sas, 
 other 
 
 Ne- 
 braska, 
 other 
 
 Minne- 
 sota 
 
 South 
 Da- 
 kota 
 
 North 
 Da- 
 kota 
 
 1937 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9,711 
 2,220 
 
 5,082 
 
 1,029 
 
 374 
 
 1 , 609 
 
 1,552 
 
 1 , 200 
 
 4,234 
 
 140 
 
 207 
 
 254 
 
 12,906 
 
 103,613 
 
 24,242 
 18,149 
 
 46,183 
 27 
 61,375 
 503,610 
 95,140 
 73,287 
 
 975 
 
 
 6,157 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 101 
 
 
 1,114 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 189,336 
 
 52,076 
 
 126,113 
 
 128,125 
 290 
 
 17.562 
 
 28 
 
 52 
 
 3,950,328 
 
 58,969 
 
 75,605 
 
 
 
 25,979 
 20,377 
 
 658 
 
 "75 
 
 188 
 
 48 
 
 618 
 
 2,666 
 10,525 
 
 1 , 834 
 2,350 
 
 8.155 
 
 
 79.918 
 
 
 
 
 180,344 
 
 
 
 
 7,451 
 
 
 
 
 569,956 
 
 
 
 914 
 
 
 1,571 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 733,675 
 
 
 
 2,557 
 
 996.016 
 
 4,703 
 
 44,092 
 
 17! 689 
 
 4,130 
 
 105,953 
 
 2,014 
 
 6,875 
 
 2,423 
 
 122,650 
 
 1,731 
 
 21.329 
 
 178 
 
 1,716.738 
 446,575 
 282,440 
 
 1.713 
 
 199 
 
 50 
 
 12,888 
 "303 
 
 1.662 
 
 97 
 
 4,185 
 
 4,225,635 
 
 4,414,230 
 
 2,991 
 
 13,565 
 
 1,096,905 
 
 19,316 
 
 122,597 
 
 943,347 
 
 174,739 
 
 6,122 
 
 —3.5 
 
 +4.3 
 
 —23.4 
 
 —42.5 
 
 + -1 
 
 —17.2 
 
 —21.8 
 
 —6.1 
 
 —14.4 
 
 —31.2 
 
 1938 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11.371 
 1.170 
 
 3.372 
 
 948 
 
 317 
 
 1,574 
 
 1,559 
 
 1,222 
 
 4.689 
 235 
 317 
 123 
 
 9,263 
 
 109,533 
 19,024 
 14,914 
 
 33,859 
 
 1.155 
 34 
 
 
 2,156 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 595 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 170,198 
 
 5,463 
 
 16,225 
 
 5,723 
 1,131 
 
 15,125 
 
 
 
 136,969 
 
 104,979 
 43,083 
 
 13 
 102 
 
 57 
 "528 
 
 978 
 
 7,651 
 1,798 
 1,701 
 
 3,664 
 
 
 63,658 
 
 
 
 
 123,869 
 
 
 
 
 7,614 
 
 
 
 
 499,755 
 
 
 
 1.234 
 
 
 1,118 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 768,863 
 
 42 
 
 2,889,937 
 
 62,536 
 
 48,373 
 
 
 
 398 
 
 692,569 
 
 6,085 
 
 49,199 
 
 
 
 57,463 
 365,862 
 105,974 
 
 62,714 
 
 620 
 
 97,026 
 
 3,593 
 
 21,652 
 
 30 
 
 1,313,317 
 403,104 
 227,051 
 
 781 
 201 
 
 4,856 
 218 
 
 10,595 
 
 77,894 
 1.906 
 7,611 
 
 1,156 
 
 28 
 
 4,644 
 
 3,593,321 
 
 3,047,927 
 
 1,930 
 
 5,391 
 
 1,036,090 
 
 12,269 
 
 90,336 
 
 783,970 
 
 139,872 
 
 5,858 
 
 —15.0 
 
 —31.0 
 
 —35.5 
 
 —60.3 
 
 —5.5 
 
 —36.5 
 
 —26.3 
 
 —16.9 
 
 —20.0 
 
 —4.3 
 
12 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Lake Cargo Shipments 
 
 Coal for the lake cargo trade was sup- 
 plied by West Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, 
 Pennsylvania, and Ohio in the following 
 quantities in 1937 and 1938. 
 
 Table 7. — Shipments of Bituminous Coal to 
 
 Great Lake Ports for Cargo, 1937 and 1938 1 
 
 (Thousands of tons) 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 Per 
 
 cent 
 change 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 22,052 
 
 11,127 
 
 7,785 
 
 2,682 
 
 17,434 
 7,743 
 6,968 
 2,027 
 
 —21 
 S3 
 
 Eastern Kentucky 
 
 Ohio " 
 
 —11 
 —24 
 
 Total 
 
 43,646 
 
 34,172 
 
 
 
 
 •National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly 
 Coal Distribution Report No. 91, March 29, 1939. 
 
 Table 8 shows the coal tonnage delivered 
 to Lake Superior and Lake Michigan ports 
 for the last two years. 
 
 Table 8. — Deliveries of Lake Cargo Coal to 
 
 Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Ports 
 
 in 1937 and 1938 1 
 
 (Thousands of net tons) 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 To Lake Superior 
 
 Lake Michigan 
 
 10,632 
 12,427 
 
 7,451 
 10,548 
 
 Total 
 
 23,059 
 
 17,999 
 
 
 
 National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly 
 Coal Distribution Report No. 90, February 24, 1939. 
 
 Factors accounting for a decline in ship- 
 ments in 1938 are the industrial recession 
 and the unusually high accumulation of 
 stocks in Upper Lake ports. Stocks on hand 
 for the last three years are shown in tahle 9. 
 
 Table 9. — Coal Stocks in Lake Superior and 
 
 Lake Michigan Ports, December 31, 1936-38' 
 
 (Thousands of net tons) 
 
 Year 
 
 Lake 
 Superior 
 
 docks 
 
 Lake 
 
 Michigan 
 
 docks 
 
 Total 
 
 1936 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 5,019 
 
 5,523 
 5,388 
 
 2,723 
 2,748 
 2,493 
 
 7,742 
 8,271 
 7,981 
 
 Lake Michigan Coal Market Area 
 
 Five railroads have applied to the Inter- 
 state Commerce Commission for a reduction 
 in rates from coal-producing districts in Illi- 
 nois, Indiana, and western Kentucky to Chi- 
 cago on coal destined for lake cargo traffic. 
 The following schedules illustrate the re- 
 ductions involved : 
 
 Rates to Chicago in Cents per Ton of 2,000 
 Pounds 
 
 Present Proposed 
 
 track de- lake cargo 
 From districts livery rates rates 
 
 Clinton, Tnd 165 125 
 
 Linton, Ind 175 132 
 
 Southern Illinois 205 155 
 
 Western Kentucky 240 190 
 
 Track delivery rates are rates from the 
 district to Chicago as if the transit ended at 
 the latter point, whereas the proposed rate 
 would apply only to shipments which were 
 destined to lake-cargo points beyond Chi- 
 cago. 
 
 The present rate of delivering coal to 
 Milwaukee by rail-lake haul from repre- 
 sentative Appalachian fields is approximately 
 as shown in Table 10. 
 
 Table 10. Transportation Rates from Se- 
 lected Appalachian Fields to Milwaukee 
 'In cents per ton of 2000 pounds) 
 
 
 Rail 
 
 Load- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ing 
 
 
 
 Field of Origin 
 
 to 
 lower 
 lake 
 docks 
 
 charge 
 rail 
 
 Lake 
 haul 
 
 Total 
 
 
 to 
 vessel 
 
 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa 
 
 156 
 
 9 
 
 50-70 
 
 215-235 
 
 Connellsville, Pa. . 
 
 164 
 
 9 
 
 50-70 
 
 223-243 
 
 Pocahontas-Tuc: 
 
 
 
 
 
 River, W. Va 
 
 206 
 
 9 
 
 50-70 
 
 265-285 
 
 'National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly 
 Coal Distribution Report No. 90, February 24, 1939. 
 
 Hitherto the coal market in Lake Michi- 
 gan ports, in both Wisconsin and Michigan, 
 has been supplied almost exclusively by ship- 
 ments from eastern fields via the lakes. The 
 rate reduction, if granted, may open part of 
 this market to coal operators in the Eastern 
 Interior field. There is at present a market 
 of approximately 9,000,000 tons in Wiscon- 
 sin and Michigan ports, as indicated in table 
 11. 
 
 An important aspect of the proposed de- 
 velopment of a lake cargo market for Illi- 
 nois coal is its possible effect upon operating 
 
COAL INDUSTRY 
 
 13 
 
 8000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1/ 
 
 
 7000 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 SOUTHERN W VA 
 
 / 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 6000 
 
 
 
 (U S DIST 8) 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ILL 
 
 INOI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Fig. 1. — Coal output in U. S. District 8 and in 
 Illinois, by months, in 1937. 
 
 activity in the summer months. Coal shipped 
 to lake ports must be transported during the 
 navigation season and stored for winter con- 
 sumption. This has enabled eastern coal 
 producers, who now supply the Upper Lake 
 Docks market, to maintain a higher rate of 
 mining activity in summer months than Illi- 
 nois producers who depend wholly upon all- 
 rail haul. This is shown in figure 1 in the 
 comparative monthly output of coal in 1938 
 from Illinois and from U. S. Coal Com- 
 mission district No. 8 (composed mainly of 
 southern West Virginia and eastern Ken- 
 tucky producing districts). These districts 
 ship large tonnages of coal to the lake cargo 
 market. 
 
 Certain difficulties must be recognized in 
 attempting to enter the Lake Michigan 
 market. In many cases, the power plant 
 equipment of industrial plants is designed to 
 burn eastern coals. Changes in design of 
 equipment may be necessary in some cases 
 if Illinois coal is to be used. A substantial 
 reduction in the cost of coal will be necessary 
 to persuade customers to make the change. 
 
 Domestic consumers are accustomed to 
 the use of these eastern coals for household 
 heating and will be slow to change to a new 
 
 fuel supply. 
 
 Market connections will have to be estab- 
 lished with industrial consumers and retail 
 distributors in lake ports. Dock space for 
 unloading and storage of coal will have to 
 be provided or arrangements made with 
 existing dock companies. 
 
 11. — Coal Received at Lake Michi- 
 gan Ports, Season* of 1936 1 
 (In short tons) 
 
 Wisconsin: 
 
 Manistique 24.080 
 
 Menominee 372 . 541 
 
 Green Bay 1.383.942 
 
 Fox River 258.455 
 
 Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan 
 
 Ship Canal 26.201 
 
 Algoma Harbor 4.036 
 
 Kewaunee 3 . 826 
 
 (Car-ferry | 56 . 425 
 
 Two Rivers 37.114 
 
 Manitowoc 325.671 
 
 (Car-ferry) 224.527 
 
 Sheboygan 431 . 300 
 
 Port Washington 185 . 947 
 
 Milwaukee 3.702,855 
 
 (Car-ferry) 487.845 
 
 Racine 309.165 
 
 Kenosha ^ . 855 
 
 Michigan: 
 
 St. Joseph 58.958 
 
 South Haven 21 .562 
 
 Holland 24.191 
 
 Grand Haven 57, 221 
 
 Muskegon 188,. 678 
 
 White Lake 3.213 
 
 Ludington 36.464 
 
 Manistee 132.510 
 
 Port Inland Harbor 2.286 
 
 Gladstone Harbor 12.640 
 
 Escanaba 288.087 
 
 Traverse City 18.884 
 
 Petoskey Portland Cement Co . . . 82 . 134 
 
 Total 8.796.613 
 
 'Annual Reports, War Dept.. Rept. of Chief of Engi- 
 neers. U. S. Army, Part 2, 1937. 
 
14 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 12. — Consumption of Natural Gas in the Illinois Coal Market Area, 1937 1 
 
 (Millions of cubic feet) 
 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Missouri 
 
 South 
 Dakota 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Domestic and commercial. . . 
 Field 
 
 22,863 
 
 1,275 
 
 101 
 
 3,733 
 
 50,678 
 
 4,984 
 
 5,118 
 
 15,013 
 409 
 
 2,306 
 
 6,192 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Electric utility plants 
 
 Industrial, other 
 
 1.337 
 6,790 
 
 4,733 
 11,503 
 
 1,410 
 23,170 
 
 968 
 
 2,245 
 
 2,819 
 
 8,252 
 
 Total 
 
 78,650 
 
 13,111 
 
 21,354 
 
 40,002 
 
 5,519 
 
 17,263 
 
 iU. S. Bur. Mines, M. M. S. No. 682, Jan. 13, 1938. 
 
 NATURAL GAS 
 
 Consumption of natural gas in the Illi- 
 nois fuel market area continued its upward 
 trend in 1938. Detailed data for gas con- 
 sumption in 1938 are not yet available. Con- 
 sumption of natural gas in 1937 is shown in 
 table 12. 
 
 Imports of gas into the Illinois coal mar- 
 ket area for the years 1935-37 are shown 
 in table 13. 
 
 OIL 
 
 The economic position of the oil industry 
 in Illinois is intimately related to conditions 
 in the oil industry throughout the nation 
 and it is therefore pertinent to review briefly 
 the market trends in the oil industry in 
 1938 and their possible effect upon condi- 
 tions in 1939. Markets for both crude pe- 
 troleum and its refined products, particu- 
 larly gasoline, gas oil and distillate fuel, 
 and residual fuel oil are sensitive to changes 
 in the relation of supply to demand. In an 
 oil-producing district particular attention 
 should be given to the stock of supply of 
 each of the products of petroleum and to the 
 markets available for their disposal. For 
 this purpose a brief summary of supply of 
 oils and of market demand is given for the 
 years 1937 and 1938. The record of pro- 
 duction and the trend of the market in those 
 years may be useful in evaluating market 
 problems in 1939. The total new supply of 
 petroleum and other oils in 1937 was 1,215,- 
 450,000 barrels, and in 1938 was 1,125,- 
 512,000 barrels, calculated in table 14. 
 
 Table 13. — Natural Gas Imported into the 
 
 Illinois Coal Market Area, 1935-37 1 
 
 (Millions of cubic feet) 
 
 From 
 
 Oklahoma 
 Kansas. . . 
 Louisiana. 
 Missouri . . 
 Texas. . . . 
 Kentucky. 
 Indiana. . 
 
 Total 
 
 Kansas. . . 
 Louisiana. 
 Oklahoma 
 Texas. . . . 
 
 Total 
 
 Kansas. . . 
 Texas. . . . 
 Oklahoma 
 
 Total. 
 
 Kansas. . . 
 Oklahoma 
 Texas. . . . 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Total. 
 
 1935 
 
 1936 
 
 To I 
 
 2,107 
 
 13,574 
 
 163 
 
 39,886 
 
 110 
 
 34 
 
 55,874 
 
 18 
 
 2,385 
 
 17,214 
 
 53 
 51,800 
 
 89 
 
 95 
 
 71,654 
 
 To Missouri 
 
 To Iowa 
 
 To Nebraska 
 
 To Minnesota 
 
 1937 
 
 81 
 
 2,973 
 
 17,367 
 
 34 
 
 56,957 
 
 133 
 
 65 
 
 77,610 
 
 3,799 
 10,517 
 
 6,342 
 12,024 
 
 6,896 
 12,205 
 
 7,474 
 13,284 
 
 7,783 
 14,843 
 10,321 
 13,650 
 
 32,682 
 
 39,859 
 
 46,597 
 
 6,980 
 
 12,096 
 
 1 
 
 6,964 
 13,954 
 
 7,026 
 14,328 
 
 
 
 19,077 
 
 20,918 
 
 21,354 
 
 7,727 
 455 
 
 5.454 
 675 
 
 8,555 
 507 
 
 6,814 
 904 
 
 8,464 
 
 631 
 
 7,159 
 
 1,009 
 
 14,311 
 
 16,780 
 
 17,263 
 
 Kansas 
 
 6,025 
 
 2 
 4,552 
 
 6,141 
 
 6,214 
 
 Texas 
 
 5,777 
 
 6,897 
 
 Total 
 
 10,579 
 
 11,918 
 
 13,111 
 
 
 
 Grand total 
 
 132,552 
 
 161,129 
 
 175,935 
 
 1 U. S. Bur. Mines, Annual Mineral Market Reports. 
 
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 
 
 15 
 
 Table 14. — New Supply of All Oils in the 
 United States in 1937 
 
 and 1938 1 
 (Thousands of barrels) 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 Production 
 
 Crude petroleum 
 
 Natural gasoline 2 
 
 Benzol 3 
 
 1,279,160 
 
 49,177 
 
 2,790 
 
 27,484 
 29,673 
 
 1,213,254 
 
 50,317 
 
 1,699 
 
 Imports 
 
 Crude petroleum 
 
 Refined products 
 
 26,412 
 27,736 
 
 Gross total of new supply 
 Less exports of Crude 
 
 petroleum 
 
 Refined products. 
 
 1,388,284 
 
 67,234 
 105,600 
 
 1,319,418 
 
 77,273 
 116,633 
 
 Net new supply 
 
 Stocks, crude and refined 
 products, Dec. 31 . . 
 Day's supply 
 
 1,215,450 
 
 564,997 
 154 
 
 1,125,512 
 
 555,263 
 153 
 
 iMonthlv Petroleum Statement No. 180, U. S. Bur. 
 Mines, Feb. 9, 1939. 
 
 -Natural gasoline is recovered from natural gas and is 
 used in blending with gasoline refined from crude oil. 
 
 3 Benzol is a by-product of coke manufacture and is 
 used in blending with gasoline for motor fuel. 
 
 There is also, besides the current annual 
 production of petroleum and other oils, a 
 substantial quantity of crude oil in reserve 
 above ground in stocks. 
 
 In addition to the current annual pro- 
 duction and the stocks of crude and refined 
 products on hand, there is a reserve produc- 
 tive capacity which is capable of supplying 
 crude oil considerably in excess of current 
 output. This is illustrated in the perform- 
 ance of production during the first week of 
 November 1938 when the daily average oil 
 production rose from 3,244,282 barrels for 
 the week ending October 29 to 3,639,151 
 barrels for the week ending November 5. 
 This was an increase of 394,862 barrels 
 daily average or an increase of 12.2 per 
 cent. The following week, in conformity to 
 the proration regulations and the weekly 
 two-day shut-down in Texas, production 
 again dropped to 3,243,796 barrels daily 
 average. Average daily demand is approxi- 
 mately 3,300,000 barrels. 
 
 Stocks of Crude Oil and Refined 
 Products 
 
 A reserve of oil stocks, of both crude 
 petroleum and refined products, is neces- 
 sary for the maintenance of an adequate 
 
 supply for the market. Differences between 
 current daily supply and demand are regu- 
 lated by adding crude petroleum or refined 
 products to stocks when production exceeds 
 consumption and by withdrawal of oils from 
 stocks when consumption exceeds produc- 
 tion. 
 
 Accumulation of stocks of both crude pe- 
 troleum and refined products may result 
 from excess of current production over con- 
 sumption, seasonal variations in demand for 
 oil products, changes in demand brought 
 about by decrease or increase of industrial 
 activity or by unusual weather conditions. 
 
 The demand for all types of refined prod- 
 ucts is subject to seasonal variation so that 
 a supply of oil in stocks is essential to pro- 
 vide storage in periods of excess production 
 and to provide market requirements when 
 current production falls below demand. 
 
 With the productive capacity of both 
 wells and refineries more than ample to sup- 
 ply current market requirements, there oc- 
 curs at frequent intervals an oversupply of 
 oil and an unusually heavy accumulation of 
 stocks. If this condition is prolonged the 
 price structure is affected. One of these re- 
 curring periods of excess production occurred 
 in late 1937, the effects of which were felt 
 through 1938. 
 
 During this period production rose to 1,- 
 279,160,000 barrels in 1937, an all-time 
 high record, and to 1,213,254,000 barrels in 
 1938. The decrease in the latter year was 
 accomplished mainly by Saturday and Sun- 
 day shut-downs in Texas. 
 
 The high productivity of this period re- 
 sulted in a gradual building up of total 
 stocks of principal products (crude petrole- 
 um, gasoline, kerosene, gas oil and distillate 
 fuel, and residual fuel oil) from a level of 
 459,000,000 barrels in January 1937 to 
 524,000,000 barrels in April 1938, after 
 which there was a slow rise to 555,000,000 
 barrels in December 1938. The peak in 
 crude stocks occurred in August 1937; of 
 gasoline, in March 1938; of gas oil and 
 distillate fuel in September 1938; and of 
 residual fuel oil in September 1938. 
 
 The rise in total stocks throughout 1937 
 and into 1938 followed the high production 
 and runs-to-stills. Only after the reduction 
 of output from a high daily average of 
 3,713,000 barrels in August 1937, and sub- 
 sequent sharp curtailments beginning in May 
 
16 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 15.— Consumption of Principal Refined Products by Months, 1937-1938 1 
 
 (Thousands of barrels) 
 
 Month 
 
 January . . 
 February . 
 March. . . 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August. . . 
 September 
 
 October. . 
 November 
 December. 
 
 Total . 
 
 Gasoline 
 
 1937 
 
 35,719 
 33,330 
 42,195 
 
 45,227 
 47,919 
 50,408 
 
 52,924 
 52,545 
 50 , 999 
 
 48,087 
 45,286 
 40 , 900 
 
 545,539 
 
 1938 
 
 37,533 
 34,565 
 44,099 
 
 46,933 
 48,342 
 51,509 
 
 51,108 
 54,327 
 48,708 
 
 49,298 
 47,459 
 45,924 
 
 559,805 
 
 Gas Oil and Dis- 
 tillate Fuel 
 
 1937 
 
 17,044 
 12,083 
 12,492 
 
 10,509 
 9,596 
 8,882 
 
 9,674 
 10,243 
 11.613 
 
 12,504 
 14,464 
 17,849 
 
 146,953 
 
 1938 
 
 14,899 
 13,802 
 13,297 
 
 10,487 
 9,747 
 8,470 
 
 10,867 
 10,470 
 11,055 
 
 11,663 
 13,741 
 18.069 
 
 146,567 
 
 Residual Fuel 
 Oil 
 
 1937 
 
 26,393 
 24,959 
 27,217 
 
 25,013 
 23,315 
 23,703 
 
 23,963 
 23,670 
 24,586 
 
 25,024 
 25,521 
 24,014 
 
 298,378 
 
 1938 
 
 22,789 
 20,984 
 23,855 
 
 20,042 
 21,066 
 20,751 
 
 19,653 
 23,235 
 22,192 
 
 25,287 
 26,805 
 29,418 
 
 276,077 
 
 l U. S. Bur. Mines, Monthly Petroleum Statements. 
 
 1938, was it possible to reduce stocks of 
 crude and, by reducing runs-to-stills, also re- 
 duce gasoline stocks. The increased supplies 
 of stocks in the distillate and fuel oil groups 
 remained and had a depressing effect upon 
 the market. The continued rise in stocks of 
 fuel oils in spite of a decline in production 
 of crude oil, runs-to-stills, and gasoline pro- 
 ductions, merits further analysis. 
 
 In figure 2 is shown the consumption of 
 three of the major refined oil products, gaso- 
 line, gas oil and distillate fuel, and residual 
 fuels, by months, in 1937 and 1938. The 
 figures for consumption are obtained by add- 
 ing current withdrawals from stocks to 
 production or by subtracting additions to 
 stocks from monthly production. The re- 
 sulting figure is taken as the apparent con- 
 sumption for the month. Consumption of 
 each of these products for the years 1937 
 and 1938 is shown in table 15. 
 
 Table 16 and figure 2 illustrate the second 
 and third factors in the oil market affecting 
 the accumulation of stocks, namely, the sea- 
 sonality of demand, and the state of indus- 
 trial activity. 
 
 Of particular interest is the smaller de- 
 mand for gas oil and distillate fuel in the 
 last quarter of 1938 as compared with the 
 previous year. Unusually mild weather in 
 the last three months of 1938 affected the 
 
 demand for heating oils. In Urbana, Illi- 
 nois, for example, degree days for the heat- 
 ing season, September to December inclusive, 
 totalled 1839 as compared with 2366 for 
 the same period in 1937. The effect was to 
 decrease consumption of oils for heating pur- 
 poses by 22 per cent. 
 
 Demand for residual fuel oils was rela- 
 tively low through the first three quarters of 
 1938. Recovery of industrial activity in the 
 latter part of the year was reflected in in- 
 creased sales of fuel oils. 
 
 The trend of demand and the ensuing 
 accumulation of stocks, as occurred in 1937 
 and 1938, merely illustrate some of the prob- 
 lems that arise in the disposal of oil products. 
 An excessive supply of total stocks can be 
 avoided only by a continued program of ad- 
 justing crude oil production and runs-to- 
 stills to annual market demand. Temporary 
 accumulation of stocks due to the seasonal 
 nature of the market is to a certain extent 
 unavoidable. This is particularly true of 
 gasoline and of heating oil stocks, the high 
 demand for which occurs at nearly opposite 
 seasons of the year. If the heating oil mar- 
 ket expands considerably beyond its present 
 level, there will follow a larger production 
 of this fraction, and also a larger seasonal 
 accumulation of stocks. Under such con- 
 ditions it may prove to be economical for 
 
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 
 
 17 
 
 bO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GASOLINE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,/ 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •s. 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 i s 
 
 f 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 RES 
 
 \ 
 
 IDU/fl 
 
 .L 
 
 FUEL 
 
 OIL 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 j/ 
 
 3AS 
 'dIS 
 
 OIL 
 TILL 
 
 AN 
 .ATE 
 
 D 
 
 FUEL 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 F 
 
 - K 
 
 /1AM. 
 
 j j y 
 
 1937 
 
 ^ S N 
 
 D 
 
 
 J FMAMJJASON 
 1938 
 
 D 
 
 
 
 
 
 Fig. 2. — Consumption of gasoline, residual fuel oil, and gas oil and distillate fuel, bv months, 
 
 in 1937 and 1938." 
 
 the refinery industry to reduce its gasoline 
 recovery in the late autumn months and cor- 
 respondingly increase its output of heating 
 oils. Such a program will tend to minimize 
 accumulation of gasoline stocks in the winter 
 months and also supply a greater portion of 
 the heating market from current output. 
 Such a program will be most advantageous 
 to the complete refineries, whose operations 
 are more flexible than those of skimming 
 and topping plants. 
 
 With regard to variations in demand for 
 residual oil due to a decline In industrial 
 activity, there appears to be no ready solu- 
 tion for the disposal of this product. Even 
 if such oil production were decreased mate- 
 rially, the practical limits of a refinery do 
 not permit a reduction of output of residual 
 oils to meet market demand without falling 
 short of the demand for gasoline and heat- 
 ing oils. A probable solution of this prob- 
 lem in the future may be accomplished 
 through the development of catalytic crack- 
 ing plants for the conversion of some of the 
 heavy oils into lighter fractions. 
 
 Illinois Petroleum Industry 
 
 Production of petroleum in Illinois in- 
 creased substantially in 1938 over that of 
 
 1937. The production by months for these 
 years is shown in table 16. 
 
 Table 16. — Production of Petroleum in 
 
 Illinois, 1937 and 1938 1 
 
 (Thousands of barrels) 
 
 Month 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 January 
 
 368 
 343 
 410 
 386 
 416 
 463 
 530 
 674 
 849 
 912 
 990 
 1.085 
 
 1.128 
 
 
 1,108 
 
 
 1,330 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 1,388 
 1,440 
 
 
 1,361 
 
 Julv 
 
 1,642 
 
 
 2,062 
 
 
 2,553 
 
 October 
 
 2,768 
 
 
 3.067 
 
 
 3,981 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 7,426 
 
 23,929 
 
 
 
 iTJ. S. Bur. Mines, Monthly Petroleum Statements. 
 
 Distribution 
 Distribution of crude petroleum from Illi- 
 nois fields in 1937 and 1938 and the market 
 for refined products in the territory served 
 by refineries in the Central Refining District 
 is discussed in detail in Report of Investiga- 
 tions No. 54. 
 
 ILLINOIS GEOLOGICAL 
 SURVEY LIBRARY 
 
 APR 2 6 1993 
 
18 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 17. — Consumption of Oil Products in Illinois, 1934-1937 1 
 (Thousands of barrels) 
 
 
 1934 
 
 1935 
 
 1936 
 
 1937 
 
 
 24,427 
 
 5,534 
 
 7,672 
 
 37,633 
 
 47,500 
 
 25,458 
 
 6,044 
 
 8,993 
 
 40,495 
 
 50,000 
 
 28,379 
 8,158 
 10,193 
 46,730 
 57,600 
 
 30,794 
 
 Distillate 
 
 9,873 
 10,719 
 
 Total of above 
 
 Crude oil requirements 2 
 
 51,386 
 61,400 
 
 HJ. S. Bur. Mines, Mineral Market Reports No. 625, Jan. 27, 1938; and 708, Feb. 16, 1939. 
 
 2 Estimated on the basis that the three refined products included above are 84 per cent of the crude oil required for their 
 manufacture. 
 
 Illinois as a Consumer of Oil 
 Products 
 
 Consumption of principal refined products 
 for the years 1934 to 1937 are shown in 
 table 17. The quantity of crude oil required 
 to supply the refinery products consumed in 
 Illinois is calculated on the basis that 100 
 barrels of crude are required to manufacture 
 84 barrels of gasoline, distillate, and residual 
 fuel oil. 
 
 Consumption of petroleum products is 
 not likely to show an unusual increase be- 
 cause of the rapid increase in output of crude 
 oil in the State. The use of gasoline is 
 governed more or less by the number of 
 automobile registrations. The use of fuel 
 oil for domestic heating and for industrial 
 heat and power is most prevalent in the 
 large urban centers near refineries where 
 transportation costs on fuel from refinery 
 to consumer are a small item in the delivered 
 cost of fuel. 
 
 CEMENT 
 
 Cement shipped to consumers in 1938 fell 
 below the level of 1937 by 513,218 barrels. 
 The record for these years is as follows: 
 
 Barrels 
 
 Shipments in 1937 6,945,083 
 
 Shipments in 1938 6,431,865 
 
 Decrease 513,218 
 
 A sharp decrease in cement shipments 
 occurred in October 1937, and shipments 
 continued below normal until August 1938, 
 after which there was a marked recovery 
 during the remainder of the year. Monthly 
 shipments for 1937 and 1938 are shown in 
 table 18. 
 
 Table 18. — Cement Shipments into Illinois, 
 by Months, for 1937 and 1938 1 
 
 (Barrels) 
 
 January . . . 
 February. . 
 March. .'. . 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August. . . 
 September 
 October. . . 
 November 
 December. 
 
 Total. 
 
 1937 
 
 193,149 
 213,010 
 416,763 
 569,124 
 855,215 
 897,783 
 898,682 
 898,523 
 830,163 
 638,401 
 377,691 
 156,579 
 
 6,945,083 
 
 1938 
 
 135,402 
 172,662 
 407,554 
 422,934 
 480,206 
 588,835 
 675,301 
 839,281 
 839,549 
 1,023,274 
 536,722 
 311,095 
 
 6,431,865 
 
 Monthly Cement Statements, U. S. Bureau of Mines. 
 
 AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE 
 
 Consumption of agricultural limestone in 
 1938 was maintained above the million ton 
 mark. The market for agricultural lime- 
 stone is not yet fully developed, as shown by 
 the wide variation in consumption per acre 
 among the counties of the State. A prelimi- 
 nary report on "Agricultural Limestone Dis- 
 tribution in 1938" was issued as Circular 
 No. 47. This report contains data on forms 
 of land tenure by counties and also on cal- 
 culated consumption of agricultural lime- 
 stone per acre of arable land. For these 
 data, the reader is referred to this circular. 
 Table 19 contains data on distribution of 
 limestone, by counties, revised to include 
 figures which were received since the pre- 
 liminary report was issued. 
 
AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE 
 
 19 
 
 Table 19.— Reported Agricultural Limestone Used in Illinois During 1937 and 1938 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 Total 
 
 County 
 
 Produced in 
 Illinois 
 
 Produced in 
 other states 
 
 used 
 in 1938 
 
 
 12,162 
 
 191 
 
 11,619 
 
 501 
 
 1,907 
 
 12,602 
 
 3,203 
 
 2,200 
 
 910 
 
 20,800 
 
 14,011 
 
 11,206 
 
 2,033 
 
 25,552 
 
 3,803 
 
 12,199 
 
 4,164 
 
 5,099 
 
 6,330 
 
 12,156 
 
 5,452 
 
 7,424 
 
 5,095 
 
 9,159 
 
 11,812 
 
 13,763 
 
 17,688 
 
 9,875 
 
 7,877 
 
 2,142 
 
 11,147 
 
 5,746 
 
 5,073 
 
 12,995 
 
 2,091 
 
 11,500 
 
 23,201 
 
 31,767 
 
 12,212 
 
 7,876 
 
 8,744 
 
 49,022 
 
 2,008 
 
 1,957 
 
 9,709 
 
 15,634 
 
 9,514 
 
 21,418 
 
 2,462 
 
 28,537 
 
 3,465 
 
 11,730 
 
 44,639 
 
 2,380 
 
 4,812 
 
 6,874 
 
 40,154 
 
 10,833 
 
 6,185 
 
 30,779 
 
 14,578 
 
 11,265 
 
 15,946 
 
 94 
 
 17,901 
 
 398 
 
 12,764 
 
 4,000 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 903 
 
 20,347 
 
 23,999 
 
 19,422 
 
 1,111 
 
 23,132 
 
 1,327 
 
 14,566 
 
 2,510 
 
 5,702 
 
 8,000 
 
 10,757 
 
 7,345 
 
 6,452 
 
 2,190 
 
 7,034 
 
 12,356 
 
 15,579 
 
 21,264 
 
 6,753 
 
 3,324 
 
 2,564 
 
 21,045 
 
 6,262 
 
 3,494 
 
 7,488 
 
 2,251 
 
 C 1 ) 
 
 17,229 
 
 17,345 
 
 7,901 
 
 8,719 
 
 22,414 
 
 14,100 
 
 4,543 
 
 1,164 
 
 7,293 
 
 20,683 
 
 9,098 
 
 2,783 
 
 2,711 
 
 28,838 
 
 452 
 
 37,000 
 
 49,022 
 
 15,339 
 
 4,611 
 
 2,430 
 
 58.120 
 
 7,838 
 
 8,240 
 
 24,702 
 
 18,873 
 
 11,531 
 
 537 
 
 16,483 
 
 
 94 
 
 Bond 
 
 357 
 
 18,258 
 
 
 C 1 ) 
 398 
 
 
 
 
 356 
 
 13.120 
 
 
 4,000 
 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 2,089 
 
 
 903 
 
 
 10 
 
 45 
 228 
 595 
 
 20,357 
 
 
 24,042 
 
 Clark 
 
 19,650 
 
 Clay 
 
 1,706 
 
 
 22,132 
 
 
 1 
 56 
 
 1,328 
 
 
 14,622 
 
 
 2,510 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 874 
 
 6,576 
 
 DeKalb 
 
 8,000 
 
 DeWitt 
 
 
 10,757 
 
 
 219 
 
 259 
 
 1,568 
 
 1,170 
 
 12,065 
 
 422 
 
 7.564 
 
 DuPage 
 
 6,711 
 
 
 3,758 
 
 Edwards 
 
 8,204 
 
 
 24,421 
 
 Favette 
 
 16,001 
 
 
 21,264 
 
 Franklin 
 
 63 
 1,725 
 
 6.816 
 
 
 5,049 
 
 
 2,564 
 
 
 
 21,045 
 
 Grundy 
 
 
 6,262 
 
 
 721 
 362 
 
 4,215 
 
 Hancock 
 
 7,850 
 
 
 2,251 
 
 Henderson 
 
 C 1 ) 
 
 12,771 
 
 10,490 
 
 0) 
 
 Henry 
 
 30,000 
 
 Iroquois 
 
 27,835 
 
 Jackson 
 
 7,901 
 
 Jasper 
 
 202 
 
 1,408 
 
 8,921 
 
 
 23,822 
 
 Jersey 
 
 14,100 
 
 
 2,057 
 
 6,600 
 
 Johnson 
 
 1,164 
 
 
 
 7.293 
 
 Kankakee 
 
 
 20.683 
 
 Kendall 
 
 
 9,098 
 
 Knox 
 
 8,248 
 26 
 
 11.031 
 
 
 2,737 
 
 LaSalle 
 
 28.838 
 
 
 1.069 
 
 1,521 
 
 Lee. . 
 
 37,000 
 
 Livingston 
 
 
 49,022 
 
 
 
 15.339 
 
 
 2,637 
 163 
 
 7.248 
 
 McHenrv 
 
 2,593 
 
 McLean 
 
 58,120 
 
 Macon 
 
 368 
 
 8,206 
 
 
 8,240 
 
 
 
 24,702 
 
 
 5,963 
 
 24,836 
 
 Marshall 
 
 11,531 
 
20 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 19. — -Reported Agricultural Limestone Used in Illinois During 1937 and 1938 
 
 Count v 
 
 Mason 
 
 Massac 
 
 Menard 
 
 Mercer 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Moultrie 
 
 Ogle 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Perry 
 
 Piatt 
 
 Pike 
 
 Pope 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Richland 
 
 Rock Island 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 Saline 
 
 Sangamon 
 
 Schuyler 
 
 Scott 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Stark 
 
 Stephenson 
 
 Tazewell 
 
 Union 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Warren 
 
 Washington 
 
 Wayne 
 
 White 
 
 Whiteside 
 
 Will 
 
 Williamson 
 
 Winnebago 
 
 Woodford 
 
 Trucked, county unknown 
 
 Total 
 
 1937 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 40 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 21 
 7 
 9 
 2 
 3 
 
 4 
 27 
 
 8 
 20 
 36 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 14 
 
 8 
 ( 3 ) 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 25 
 12 
 14 
 26 
 11 
 20 
 
 4 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 21 
 25 
 
 ,625 
 827 
 ,629 
 ,129 
 ,642 
 ,153 
 ,487 
 ,689 
 62 
 ,495 
 ,982 
 ,694 
 ,122 
 ,831 
 287 
 ,548 
 ,734 
 ,911 
 ,838 
 ,489 
 ,745 
 ,326 
 823 
 ,400 
 ,821 
 .200 
 
 ,984 
 ,608 
 ,809 
 .167 
 ,924 
 ,225 
 ,176 
 .647 
 ,859 
 ,050 
 ,198 
 .700 
 ,953 
 ,013 
 
 1938 
 
 Produced in 
 Illinois 
 
 1.158.040 
 
 9,603 
 439 
 
 2,787 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 28,017 
 21,851 
 
 2,317 
 
 4,519 
 35,000 
 
 8,925 
 
 7,094 
 
 8,702 
 143 
 
 1,218 
 405 
 
 9,336 
 16,322 
 
 6,392 
 (-) 
 37,374 
 
 5,762 
 
 14,598 
 
 358 
 
 6 , 399 
 14.625 
 
 1,425 
 35,000 
 15,215 
 
 8,290 
 
 13,047 
 
 483 
 
 12,758 
 
 15,535 
 
 5,059 
 
 1.019 
 (-) 
 1 1 , 454 
 
 3 , 285 
 25 ,000 
 18,254 
 38.862 
 
 1,158.131 
 
 Produced in 
 other states 
 
 ( 2 ) 
 
 50 
 
 2,785 
 533 
 
 2,853 
 
 215 
 105 
 
 1.255 
 108 
 
 42 
 
 162 
 
 346 
 
 8.286 
 
 3,640 
 2,811 
 
 514 
 9,018 
 
 530 
 7,135 
 
 118.740 
 
 Total 
 
 used 
 
 in 1938 
 
 9 , 603 
 439 
 
 2,787 
 
 4,985 
 28,017 
 21,901 
 
 5,102 
 
 5,052 
 35,000 
 11,778 
 
 7,094 
 
 8,917 
 248 
 
 1,218 
 405 
 
 9,336 
 17,577 
 
 6,500 
 
 8,286 
 37,374 
 
 5,762 
 
 14,598 
 
 400 
 
 6,561 
 14,971 
 
 9,711 
 35,000 
 15,215 
 
 8,290 
 16,687 
 
 3,294 
 13,272 
 24,553 
 
 5,589 
 
 8,154 
 ,348 
 ,454 
 ,285 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 3 
 
 25 ,000 
 18,254 
 38,862 
 
 1.285,260 
 
 'No report received. 2 Figures concealed in total. ''Figures not available 
 
FLUORSPAR INDUSTRY 
 
 21 
 
 FLUORSPAR' 
 
 Illinois shipped 44 per cent of the fluor- 
 spar delivered to consumers in the United 
 States in 1938. Shipments from Kentucky 
 were 43 per cent, and the remaining 13 per 
 cent was shipped from New Mexico. Ne- 
 vada, Colorado. Arizona. Utah and New 
 Hampshire. The year 1938 represented a 
 sharp reduction in demand from the previous 
 year. Comparative data for 1937 and 1938 
 are shown in table 20. 
 
 Detailed shipments of fluorspar in the 
 United States are shown in table 21. 
 
 Imports of fluorspar into the United States 
 are obtained mainly from France, Germany, 
 and Newfoundland. Shipments from Ger- 
 
 Table 20. Fluorspar Industry in 1 ( >37 
 
 AND 1938 
 
 ( In short tons) 
 
 1937 
 
 Consumption 194.300 
 
 Production 183.000 
 
 Shipments trom domes- 
 tic mines 181.230 
 
 Imports 37.063 
 
 Average domestic price 
 
 per ton $20.23 
 
 Imported fluorspar, 
 duty paid, price per 
 ton S23 . 66 
 
 1938 
 
 115.100 
 99 . 000 
 
 80.403 
 19.622 
 
 $19.90 
 
 S23 . 93 
 
 Table 21. — Fluorspar Shipped from Mines in the United States, by States 
 
 State 
 
 1937 
 
 Short 
 tons 
 
 Value 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 New Mexico. . . 
 
 Nevada 
 
 Colorado 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Utah 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 Total 
 
 78.664 
 
 87.296 
 
 3.324 
 
 2.544 
 
 7.883 
 
 610 
 
 478 
 
 431 
 
 181.230 
 
 Total 
 
 Average 
 
 $1,730,585 
 1,710,122 
 
 105.733 
 
 98.493 
 
 21.696 
 
 S22.00 
 19.59 
 
 18.02 
 
 12.49 
 
 14.28 
 
 3.666.629 
 
 20.23 
 
 1938 
 
 Short 
 tons 
 
 Value 
 
 35,368 
 
 34 . 803 
 
 4.066 
 
 2.909 
 
 1.704 
 
 1.093 
 
 370 
 
 90 
 
 Total 
 
 Average 
 
 S751.227! 
 678.094| 
 
 127.655 
 
 42 . 680 
 
 80.403 1.599.666 
 
 $21.24 
 19.48 
 
 18.30 
 
 13.10 
 
 19.90 
 
 Table 22. — Fluorspar Imported into the United States, 1937-1938, by Cointrij 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 
 Short tons 
 
 Value 
 
 Short tons 
 
 Value 
 
 France 
 
 Germany 
 
 Italy 
 
 14.158 
 
 14,501 
 
 1,124 
 
 $ 80,816 
 219.393 
 
 5.752 
 
 7,411 
 3,062 
 
 $ 67,097 
 51,304 
 
 Mexico 
 
 85 
 4.752 
 
 309 
 1.572 
 1.787 
 
 644 
 
 1,263 
 
 Newfoundland 
 
 5.520 
 566 
 656 
 538 
 
 67,723 
 4.464 
 8.256 
 
 11.223 
 
 103,909 
 
 Spain 
 
 3,535 
 
 Tunisia 
 
 18,251 
 
 Union of South Africa 
 
 38,047 
 
 United Kingdom 
 
 4,237 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 37.063 
 
 397,627 
 
 1^.622 
 
 287,643 
 
 'Data from Mineral Market Reports No. M. M. S. 741, U. S. Department of the Interior. May 8, 1939. 
 
22 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 23. — Fluorspar Consumed and in Stock in the United States, 1937 and 1938, 
 
 bv Industries, in Short Tons 
 (Partly estimated by Bureau of Mines) 
 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 Industry 
 
 Consump- 
 tion 
 
 Stocks at 
 
 consumers' 
 
 plants 
 
 Dec. 31 
 
 Consump- 
 tion 
 
 Stocks at 
 
 consumers' 
 
 plants 
 
 Dec. 31 
 
 
 138,900 
 7,500 
 2,500 
 1,200 
 
 24,100 
 5,900 
 
 11,600 
 2,600 
 
 71.400 
 1,300 
 
 800 
 700 
 9,900 
 1,500 
 3 , 200 
 1 , 300 
 
 73 , 600 
 
 4.000 
 
 2.000 
 
 800 
 
 18,900 
 4,000 
 
 10,500 
 1,300 
 
 55,000 
 
 
 1,000 
 
 
 800 
 
 
 400 
 
 
 1 1 , 200 
 
 
 900 
 
 
 1.600 
 
 
 900 
 
 
 
 
 194,300 
 
 90,100 
 
 115.100 
 
 71.800 
 
 many dropped sharply in 1938 and a further 
 decrease may be anticipated in 1939. On the 
 other hand, shipments from Tunisia and 
 Union of South Africa increased in spite 
 of a sharp curtailment of imports. Imports 
 by countries is shown in table 22. 
 
 The iron and steel industries absorb 70 
 per cent of fluorspar consumed in industry. 
 Other principal uses are the ceramic indus- 
 tries and the manufacture of hydrofluoric 
 acid. Detailed consumption data are shown 
 in table 23. 
 
 BUILDING INDUSTRY 
 
 Building permits in 23 Illinois cities in 
 1938 totaled $73,363,831 in value, distrib- 
 uted as follows: 
 
 Nonresidential construction $29,231 ,500 
 
 Residential construction 30,037.838 
 
 Total new construction 59.269.338 
 
 Repairs 14,094,493 
 
 Total of all construction $73,363,831 
 
 The record of building permits for 23 Illi- 
 nois cities is shown in table 24. 
 
 There was a substantial rise in building 
 activity toward the end of the year as shown 
 by the monthly value of building permits 
 issued for new construction of both residen- 
 tial and nonresidential building. The trend 
 of activity is shown in figure 3. 
 
 Among the cities in Illinois with a popu- 
 lation of 25,000 or more, the greatest build- 
 
 ing activity in 1938 occurred in Belleville. 
 Other cities in which the construction in- 
 dustry was active are : Evanston, Moline, 
 Decatur, Granite City, Peoria, Berwyn, 
 Rock Island, and Springfield. Each of these 
 cities issued building permits in excess of 
 ^25,000 per thousand population. 
 
 Table 24. -Value of Building Permits in 23 
 Illinois Cities, 1938 1 
 
 Alton $ 369,733 
 
 Aurora 669 , 805 
 
 Belleville 2,557,830 
 
 Berwyn 1,146,091 
 
 Bloomington 345 , 160 
 
 Chicago 29,350,354 
 
 Cicero 554,992 
 
 Danville 357,291 
 
 Decatur 1,576,691 
 
 East St. Louis 402 , 884 
 
 Elgin 676,686 
 
 Evanston 2,703,050 
 
 Granite City 75,984 
 
 Joliet ' 573,618 
 
 Maywood 135 , 766 
 
 Moline 1,233,747 
 
 Oak Park 715,475 
 
 Peoria 3,161,019 
 
 Quincy 214,574 
 
 Rockford 1,177,930 
 
 Rock Island 914,655 
 
 Springfield 1.688,994 
 
 Waukegan 785,279 
 
 Total $73,363,831 
 
 Non-residential 29,231,500 
 
 Residential 30,037,838 
 
 Repairs 14,094,493 
 
 HJ. S. Dept. of Labor, Monthly bulletins on Building 
 Construction, 1938. 
 
CLAY PRODUCTS 
 
 Table 25. -Value of Clay Products, 1935-1938 
 
 23 
 
 Class 
 
 1935 
 
 1936 
 
 1937 
 
 1938 
 
 
 
 $4,555,624 
 
 2.264.521 
 
 $8,625,364 
 2.888.047 
 
 $8,711,062 
 3.042.084 
 
 S5. 047, 320 
 
 Potterv 
 
 
 2.236.326 
 
 
 
 
 Total. . . . 
 
 $6,820,145 
 
 11.513,411 
 
 11.753.146 
 
 7 , 283 . 646 
 
 Table 26. — Production of Clay Product 
 
 by Classes, in 1938 
 
 Fig. 3. — Value of building permits issued in 23 
 Illinois cities, by months, in 1938. 
 
 CLAY PRODUCTS 
 
 The Yalue of clay products, including 
 pottery, amounted to $7,283,646. A decline 
 in building operations beginning in late 1937 
 and continuing into early 1938 adversely 
 affected production among brick and tile 
 plants. The Yalue of clay products manu- 
 factured in Illinois in the years 1935 to 
 1938 is shown in table 25. Production of 
 clay products, by classes, in 1938 is shown 
 in table 26. 
 
 Product 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Value 
 
 Common brick (M) .... 
 
 Face brick (M) 
 
 Hollow brick (M). 
 Hollow building tile 
 i tons) 
 
 143.000 
 63 . 500 
 
 53 
 
 86.247 
 
 6.627 
 
 1.511 
 75.162 
 
 $1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 .450,000 
 
 .090.000 
 
 695 
 
 396.799 
 
 Vitrified brick or block 
 
 for paving (M) 
 
 for other purposes (M) 
 
 Drain tile (tons) 
 
 176.158 
 23.650 
 
 513.294 
 49.240 
 
 Refractory cement 
 
 'clay) (tons) 
 
 Clay sold, raw or pre- 
 
 88.853 
 
 209.014 
 194.207 
 
 Other clay products (ex- 
 cept potterv) 1 
 
 
 943.263 
 
 Pottery 
 
 
 .236.326 
 
 
 
 
 includes terra cotta. sewer pipe, flue lining, wall cop- 
 ing, and nonclay refractories. 
 
 Shipments of common brick, face brick, 
 and hollow building tile increased generally 
 throughout the year except for a sharp de- 
 cline in the month of December. The trend 
 of shipments of these three products is shown 
 in table 27. 
 
24 
 
 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 
 
 Table 27. — Shipments of Clay Products in Illinois 
 by Classes in 1938 1 
 
 Month 
 
 Number of 
 plants 
 
 Shipments 
 
 Stocks on 
 hand at end 
 
 Thousands 
 
 Value 
 
 of month 
 (Thousands) 
 
 January. . . 
 February. . 
 March. . . . 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August. . . . 
 September. 
 October. . . 
 November. 
 December. 
 
 Year. 
 
 January. . . 
 February. . 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August. . . . 
 September. 
 October. . . 
 November. 
 December. 
 
 Year.. 
 
 Common Brick 
 
 40 
 40 
 39 
 39 
 39 
 40 
 40 
 38 
 38 
 38 
 38 
 38 
 
 6,605 
 7,456 
 1 1 , 204 
 12,418 
 13,230 
 15,081 
 15,286 
 15,936 
 14,857 
 16,643 
 16,176 
 13,885 
 
 158,777 
 
 Brick 
 
 $ 69,224 
 
 69,948 
 
 78,485 
 
 63,609 
 
 117,690 
 
 53,016 
 
 127,758 
 
 45,026 
 
 138,300 
 
 49,409 
 
 154,039 
 
 50,042 
 
 154,139 
 
 42,296 
 
 161,371 
 
 36,485 
 
 154,197 
 
 50,750 
 
 173,070 
 
 68,703 
 
 164,136 
 
 67,018 
 
 138,671 
 
 70,976 
 
 1,630,980 
 
 
 2,054 
 
 35,299 
 
 34,036 
 
 2,125 
 
 35,897 
 
 32,960 
 
 3,897 
 
 68,848 
 
 29,116 
 
 5,257 
 
 91,503 
 
 28,640 
 
 5,287 
 
 91,428 
 
 28,588 
 
 6,033 
 
 108,486 
 
 27,166 
 
 5,683 
 
 99,795 
 
 25,636 
 
 5,319 
 
 91,419 
 
 27,007 
 
 4,851 
 
 84,496 
 
 27,783 
 
 6,100 
 
 104,619 
 
 27,643 
 
 5,207 
 
 90,301 
 
 27,247 
 
 3,982 
 
 70,789 
 
 29,141 
 
 55,795 
 
 972,880 
 
 
 January. . . 
 February. . 
 March. . . . 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August. . . . 
 September. 
 October. . . 
 November. 
 December. 
 
 Year 
 
 Hollow Building Tile 
 
 (Tons) 
 
 18 
 18 
 
 17 
 17 
 19 
 L9 
 19 
 19 
 L9 
 19 
 19 
 19 
 
 3,310 
 2,823 
 4,747 
 5,456 
 5,539 
 5 , 785 
 
 5,583 
 
 260 
 845 
 267 
 
 558 
 874 
 
 17,495 
 14,190 
 25.886 
 30,213 
 31,178 
 31,322 
 30,236 
 26,416 
 25 , 638 
 29,246 
 36,258 
 27,964 
 
 326,042 
 
 (Tons) 
 35,502 
 35,248 
 33,376 
 31,893 
 30,734 
 32,141 
 33,861 
 37,534 
 41,002 
 42,143 
 43,077 
 40,100 
 
 1 U. S. Bur. Census, Structural Clay Products, Monthly bulletins, 1938.