917.73c
 
 iLLZNOis maiORiCAL bvuvej:
 
 tor 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 liiiiVtKolTY OF ILLINOIS 
 
 URBANA 
 
 State of Illinois 
 Henry Horner, Governor 
 
 ILLIK'OIS OZARK 
 
 REGION 
 
 Historic development 
 of county names and tabula- 
 tion of scenic, historic, 
 geologic and recrertioml 
 points of interest. 
 
 THE LIBRARY OF THE 
 
 JAN 1 5 1942 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 
 ILLINOIS STATS PLANNING COMiaSSION „^ 
 
 ^, . ---,,. UNIVERSITY OF 
 
 Chicago, Illinois _^ Illinois library 
 
 AT URBANA-CHAMPAISN
 
 -^ 
 
 
 HISTORIC DEVELOPMEl^rr OF COUNTY NMES 
 
 4U.exander: 
 
 William M. Alexander, an early settler of the county, senator 
 in the End and 3rd general assemblies of tho State. 
 
 Franklin: 
 
 Benjamin Franklin, philosopher, statesman, author, printer 
 Anbasoador to France. 
 
 ■-.^ Gallatin: 
 
 ^' Albert Gallatin, statesman and financier; Secret!;:ry of tie 
 -V Treasury of the U. S. , and Minister to France and England. 
 
 M Hardin: 
 
 ^ County in Kentucky. 
 
 J" 
 
 V 
 
 ^ Jackson: 
 
 ^ Andrew Jackson, President of the U.S. 
 
 Johnson: 
 
 Richard M. Johnson, Colonel of Kentucky Militia, reputed to 
 have killed Indian Chie.f Tecumseh, at battls of the Thames. 
 U.S. Senator from Kentui^ky and Vice President 1837-41. 
 
 Massac: 
 
 Fort Massac, a corruption of the French surname Massiac. 
 
 Pope: 
 
 Nathaniel Pope, first territorial Secretary of State (1809-16) 
 and last territorial delegate to Congress from Illinois. 
 
 Pulaski: 
 
 Count Casinlr Pulaski, a Polish e:cile vjho fought for colonies 
 during Revolution and was killed at attack on Savannah, 1779. 
 
 Randolph: 
 
 Edmund RejidoDphj soldier, lawyer and statesman; member of the 
 Continental Congress, Governor of Virginia, Secretary of 
 T^-;^ State of the U.S., and Attorney General under Washington. 
 
 Saline: 
 
 Saline Creek, no called on account of numerous salt springs 
 4 in that localii^/.. 
 
 \f> 
 
 Union: 
 
 From the Feaeral Union of the American States. 
 
 V/illiamson: 
 
 A County in Tennessee. 
 
 I 1 66628
 
 S CENIC. HISTORIC, GEI.QGIC, J^iD EEiCPEATION-AL POIN TS CF INTEREST 
 
 Elco: 
 
 Bass Hill Lockout Station: a fire tov;er ersct'^d by the U.S. 
 Forest SGi'/ice for fire detection purposes; about thr.^e 
 miles northvrest of Elco. 
 
 McClure : 
 
 Q. About 2-|- miles east of McClure, upon highest hill in this 
 region, is the last resting place of Sa^i McClure, ens of 
 the pioneer white settlers of the region. This hill was 
 an ireportant Indian tribe lookout. 
 
 b. View cf Hanging Rock near McClure. 
 
 c. C.C.C. CFjnp Delta, a .iunior enrollee camp, located on the 
 Grapevine trail batween Tamns and McClure; under work 
 supervision of the U. S. Forest Service; information 
 available. Visitors welcome. About 7 miles southeast 
 
 of McClure. 
 
 Thebes: 
 
 a. Old Courthouse. 
 
 b. In neighborhood of Thebes are picturesque hills and 
 splendid forests. 
 
 c. Honey School Lookout Station; a fire lookout erected by 
 the U.S. Forest Service; visitors welcome. About 3-g- 
 miles east of Thebes. 
 
 Horseshoe Lake: 
 
 a. State £;ai.ie and fish preserve. 
 
 b. An area famous for bass fishing and waterfowl shooting 
 during open season. Lodging j-nd meals can be had at 
 hunting camps and resorts in the vicinity. At lower 
 end of Horseshoe Lake is site of ancient Indian village. 
 T'.TO tribes of the Sioux lived there about middle of 
 
 the 17th century. There is a large burial ground 
 nearby. The largest and most compact Indian village site 
 knov.Ti in so';.thern Illinois. 
 
 :^og Tooth Bend: 'i^-. S.'/ii. corrier of County) 
 
 Excellent bass lishing and waterfowl hunting. 
 
 - 2
 
 Cairo: (rich in historic-il lore.) 
 
 At the southernmost end of Illinois, located at the confluence 
 of the Ohio rind. Mississippi rivers; famous as a historic trffi 
 of the river ateanboat era. Grant's headqucrtorL'.. Septemter, 
 1851 to April, 1852. P.i;>h in lore of the old Frc;..cti occupacion 
 and in the drtiajTi of becoi.'--.Kg the greatest shippi-i^, point of th<5 
 Nation; the old boon day." of the Lend Compar.y s-ri Bark of Cairo. 
 Charled Dickens visited in Ib^Z; his offendirg descriptions 
 given in "/iDierican Notes" and "Martin Chuzzlewit." An important 
 nilitaiy base during the Civil War. Hallido/ Hotsl: Grant's 
 room #215 still intact. Legend has it that Grant kept prisoners 
 in 16 cells under pavement in front of the hotel. Over 45,000 
 Confederate soldiers sent to Cairo for delivery to points north. 
 "Red Rcver," famous union hospital ship at Cairo. 
 
 Fra nk lin County 
 
 West Frankfort: 
 
 Location of Orient #2, the vrorld's largest coal mine. An inter- 
 esting industrial center. 
 
 Gallatin County 
 
 Kq.uality: 
 
 a. Site of the important Gallatin salines. 
 
 b. The floor plan of the Slave House (mystery house), and the 
 weird tales tola about it have led to the belief that the 
 e.tt; c ^f tliifc* buj icing v«;s used rs headquarters for sluves. 
 Nine doora on either side of the hall lead into cell-like 
 rooms. In each of these 6 by 3 rooms are lower and upper 
 bunks. 
 
 c. Nigger Springs: about five miles east of the tovm. See 
 Stav,3 Historical marker at junc':ion of State Highway ffl 
 and rosd -.vest to Equf;lity describing importance of spring 
 as a source of salt. Pottery fragments and salt spring 
 still in evidence. .Short distance to the south and across 
 the road are located many Indian graves. 
 
 New Haven: 
 
 Founded by Josepo Boone, brother of Daniel Boone in 1800 and 
 for somatii.ie cai-id Boone's Fort. Bocne was first white 
 settlei'. Ust'.;.:-; places are: Sheridan's Tavern, over 100 
 yc3.rs old, and (r. t.ddy Hote... liew Haven was the half-way 
 point, in early 19ta Centu.y, bvtween Shawneetown and Vincenncs. 
 
 Indian Mound: 
 
 Four miles north of Sha^vneetown. 
 
 - 3 -
 
 Shavmeeto'.m: 
 
 a. Ono of tii'^ e-'-u'liest scttlarrienti; in Illinois. Rich in 
 Inrtian lo^^r- and scuthem atmosphere. 
 
 b. ShayneetowT. Leiiet: A few miles north of tova. Dig Lsie 
 end Pound Lake are m-, 3t popular for bathinp. Long, Black, 
 Fehrei''s end Fish Ic-rsr^ are noted for bass, blue-^illj 
 ca\;fish, crappie, aiid sim perch fishing. 
 
 c. Eoflie of General Foscy. 
 
 d. First bank building in the state of Illinois. 
 
 e. Famous le^roe, top of which is higher than most of the 
 buildings. 
 
 f. General Posey buried in Shavmeetovm Cemetery. 
 
 Gibsonia: 
 
 Pounds hollo?;, site of Indian village en the Knob, knowa as 
 the Pound. Graves, flirt particles, ajid a few Indian relics 
 may yet be found. Reiruiants of a pre- Indian foi-t still sbavds. 
 Fascinating foot trails amorlt;; Jiuge boulders; inspiring views 
 of sheer cliffs. About 1^ niles south of tov.n. 
 
 Leairiington : 
 
 a. Coulter Spring, flows the year around and is well known for 
 its drinking qualities. Is accessible by a foot trail 
 frcn. Eiyh Knob Lockout Tower about 1 mile south of tov.ii. 
 
 b. Grindstaff Hollow, going north from the spring, offers many 
 inspiring tmd unusual scenes. 
 
 Gold Hill Arear 
 
 Prominent escarpment in southern j.f.rt of county, two miles vest 
 of Shawneetown. 
 
 v;ild Cat Hills: 
 
 Directly suuth of Equality and south of Saline Piver; prcninent 
 escarpment in southern part cf county. 
 
 Ha rdin County 
 
 Mocassin Hollov; a-.id .^xvil P.ocl-r 
 
 As name implies, Lne rook is s}.aped like an anvil and subordin- 
 ated by a line of vertical cliffs. The latter is at the head 
 of hlocassin Ircllow which, m itself, presenr.s many bGautif\;l 
 scenes. About three miles northv/est of Kerber's Ridge. 
 
 High Knob lookout Tower and Recreation Area: 
 
 980 feet above sea level. Offers exc-^llont view of the 3';rrovu:d- 
 ing couuixy from either ihG vista points cu tne bluffs or fcbc 
 U-S. Fo.:\-'Si Service Lookout Tower. Pcr'iing area and parking; 
 facilities. This area borders the counties of Ilarriin and 
 Gallatin about 1^ miles north of Xarber's Ricge. 
 
 - 4
 
 Volcanic Plu^;: 
 
 True volcanic lava may be soen as it solidified to form the 
 plug of the volcano. It is the only visual evidence of 
 volcanic cction in this part cf th-3 coTJit-y. fi^c.u'^ 2 7>/i 
 miles eact of Ivtrbor's r,iOge. 
 
 Cadiz: 
 
 C.C.C. Camp CaJiz, U.S. Forest CerTica 7efcer:j-;'!? CaK:p. 
 Visitors v/slccao. Informaticn regarding sui "^(.iL.uing iJoints 
 of inxs^-est available. 
 
 Lamb : 
 
 a. Seller's Landing?, point at which early steaiuboat padJle- 
 v;heeler.=5 put in for wood to be used in genereting steam 
 for /.ewer. About two mil.e& norther. gf of Lamb. 
 
 b. Battery Rock, so named because a battery of cannon was 
 
 moiinted there to pi'event Ccnfodej/ate gun boats from 
 coming up the River. About three irdles east of Laiab. 
 
 Cavc-iD-Eoc:<: 
 
 a. Feri's Ferry, at one time the principal place of crc^^sing 
 the Ohio River from Illinois into ■western Kentucky. Ihe 
 road from the ferry into Illinois famous for legendary 
 murders and holdups of travelers. 
 
 b. Cava-in-?ock State Park, conpregating place cf Indian 
 tribes for many centuries and later headquarters for 
 river pirates who preyed upon boats plying the Ohio 
 River. Parking and picnicking facilities available. 
 Just oast of Toira. 
 
 c. Cave-in-Rock, picturesque vVrev town. F^inous lanamark. 
 Many clu buildings still ia ur.e. 
 
 d. Peters Creek Lookout Station, U. S. Forest Service. 
 Excellent views of surrounding country to the south, 
 southeast, and southv/est. Visitors welcome; parking facil 
 ities. /-.bout 7 miles northvrest of Cave-in-Rcck. 
 
 Elizabethtovm: 
 
 a. County setvt, a picturesque city on the Ohio River. Rich 
 in southern traditions. FeiTy to Kentucky. Fai.^ous 
 cliff hou;-, ? a-o Rotie j'otel where packet stean-.-rs U'lloaded 
 passengers c^-ing heig-vfc of paddle-wheel b(.-< day. 
 
 5 -
 
 b. Eocks on the Ohio River, one of 60 Illinois boauty spot 3 
 picked by a coiranittoe hea'Jed by bhe late Lorado Taft. 
 Tower Poclc so Etaaed becp.use it resembles a tower. 
 P.epresert&tives of many beautiful one] interesting scurfis 
 alon£; the Ohio Hiver front from Eiizabethtoi.;:-: to 
 Cave-in-Pook. 
 
 c. Birch Spring, flows tho year rcuud. Is co-i::idered excel- 
 lent for drinking. Protected by a spring hc'ise. An 
 id^cl resting spot when "viewing nearby points of interest. 
 About 5-^- miles north and a little to uhe es^t of the town. 
 
 d. Martha Blast Furnace, erected in 1848. Used for nine 
 years and then abanricned. Site novj narked by a stone 
 slab with the inscription "Martha B.F." This may be seen 
 from the road. About one mile southwest of Birch Spring 
 or 4^- miles north Elizabethtown. 
 
 e. Illinois T^-T-ace, built in 1837. The cylindrical heating 
 unit still stands. Charcoal v/as used for fuel. Became 
 especially inportan* during the Civil Vrar. About four 
 miles northwest of Elizabethtown and three i.iiles south- 
 v.'est of Martha Blast Furnace. 
 
 f. Wolrab's Mill, one of the most popular grist mills of 
 forrrer days in the locality. Poxver v/as furnished by 
 water. Only a few broken foundation stones mark the 
 site. About 1 mile northwest of Illinois Furnace or 
 5 miles northwest of Elizabethtoivn. 
 
 Central States Forest E:^r[:eriment Station: 
 
 Located :'r;>.one;3t a well preservec stand of mixed hardvjoods. 
 Maintains a weather station. About 2h miles south of Karber': 
 Ridge. 
 
 Hicks Dome: 
 
 'Well known fi:eolcgic feature. Of special interest of students 
 or those interested in /^oolofiy. There is the unusual geolog- 
 ical fcrmaticn of a dome in a /alley. 
 
 ■J^osiclare: 
 
 Fluorspar mines which ar? among the most extensive in the 
 world and said to be the largest. Spar used in steo^l and 
 aluminum makin-" -oruoessss. 
 
 6 -
 
 Jaeksor Countv 
 
 Grains: (Grim.'sby) 
 
 a. Huge Tn^jiPJi mounr; near mouth of Austin Hollow. 
 
 b. Foot Print Hocks, jv.st ncrth of route 3 tjid road leading 
 north to Ava. 
 
 c. Dry Hill Lookout Station, U. 3. Forest Service, o 100 foot 
 toT/er for fire detection purposes. Visitors welcome. 
 About I nile southwest of Cairip Glenn. 
 
 Go r ham: 
 
 Fountain Bluff arec , knovm locally as Bit; Hill. Popular resort 
 for picnic outings and nature lovers. U. S. Forest Service 
 Lookout Station 60 foot tower. Visitors welcome. 
 
 Grand Tov/er: 
 
 a. Devil's Bake Oven, refuf^t" of a bank of river piratss and 
 horse thieves. 
 
 b. Interesting old village (Civil War days), located on 
 Mississippi Piver. This village directly across from 
 Tower Rock in Missouri, a national monument. 
 
 Old Brovmsville: 
 
 First seat of Jackson County; seat of a branch of the ill- 
 fated State Bank. Site of the ancestral home of General 
 John A. Logan, of Civil War fame. 
 
 Giant City State Park: 
 
 Foot trails, shelters, picnic frcimds, and lodge. Unusual 
 rock foiTTiaoion. 
 
 a. Old Stone Fort: Located in the north section of Giant City 
 State Park. 
 
 b. C.CC. Ce.-np Giant City, a National Perk Service junior 
 camp. Inforr.iation concerning points of interest in 
 park and adjoining areas available. Visitors welcome, 
 
 Carbondale: 
 
 Southern Illinois Scate Nc-.irial University. 
 
 Crab Orchard Creek Reservoir project 1-|- miles east of Carbondale. 
 Developed by Farm Security Administration and sponsored by U. S. 
 Forest Service. 
 
 - 7 -
 
 Murphysboro : 
 
 Home of General John A. Lci^an. General Logan statue (state 
 
 monximent ) . Camp Murphysboro, o Soil Conservation junior car.ip, 
 Information available concerning points of interest. Visitors 
 welcome. 
 
 Ethertcn: 
 
 a. Little Grand Canyon, reeky gorge with precipvtous cliffs. 
 
 Ectremely interesting area from a scenic su^ndpoint. 
 ju3t west of tcvm. 
 
 b. Hickory Pi;ige Loolxut Station, fire tower constructed 
 
 by U.S. Forest Service for fire detection purposes. 
 Fine scenic view of surroi.mding country from Lookout 
 Cab. 1/2 mile south of tovm. 
 
 c. Horseshoe Bluff; precipitous cliff at the junction of the 
 
 Big Muddy River and Cedar Creek. Pich in n^itur'^l beauty. 
 About 6 miles due scuthweot of Ethertcn. 
 
 Pomona : 
 
 a. A natural rock bridge in the vicinity of Pomona. 
 
 b. Grammar Cave, has hi.-toric significance; about 2 miles east. 
 
 Jotoson Cou nty 
 
 Goreville: 
 
 Feme Cliffe also knovm as Redman Pork, long a favorite place 
 of resort. Cave and amphitheatre carved out of rock walls. 
 Good springs and foot trails. Interesting scenery. 
 Facilities for picnicking. Ab'.ut 1/4 mile vest of Goreville. 
 
 Vienna: 
 
 An interesting old tovm vdth many relics cf pioneer days. 
 
 Top-0-The World: 
 
 Towering foothills, through which the psved road cuts, dotted 
 with over heif a million peach trees. Heart of the faiTious 
 Illinois peach and apple country. A veritable graden estate 
 net far from Tunnel Kill. 
 
 Sar burn : 
 
 Shaded cliffs fc:cf^.inz beautiful fern g'ardens are about 1 mile 
 west of town.
 
 Ozark Ceaar Falls: 
 
 Location of Cojnp P'-^kentuclc, l-'cducah Boy Scout Camp. Rustic 
 buildings iu a natural sotting: oi" -/rrious trees r.nd rocks. 
 Private area. Visitors v;elcoir;e during specified hours. 
 About 2 miletJ scutheaot of tovna. 
 
 Simpson : 
 
 a. Gum Sprinf.s, located at the mouth of a hollov; with many 
 u;iu?ual vievifs of nature's work. See the buffalo on the 
 roclc, which was presanably painted by the Indians, 
 about 3 miles northweat of Simpson. 
 
 b. Trifg Lookout Station, U.S. Forest Service, 40 feet tower. 
 Visitors welcoiae. Picnic tablt-js and firev.laces nearby. 
 /.buut £ milos north of Simpson. 
 
 Cache River: 
 
 In southern part of county - alonp. the river :"nd itc tributaries 
 are many interesting cypress sv'/;airips. 
 
 Massac County 
 
 Metropolis: 
 
 a. County seat, one of the most interesting points in Illinois 
 and rich in pioneer history. 
 
 b. Fort Massac State Park, of historic interest. Over 300 
 years old. In 1541, v;hite man made first stand against 
 Indians. According to lefend, this fort v;as occupied 
 by DcScto about 1540. Outlines of foundation are 
 still there. George Rogers Clark first unfurled the 
 ;toerican flag on Illinois stil here. Monument to 
 Clark ar.o his band. Facilities for meetings, picnics, 
 and camping. 
 
 Brookport: 
 
 Kincdid Mou:ids, built by a pre-histcric mound building race. 
 University of Chicago making studies of excavation. About 
 9% miles southeast of Brockport in extreme southeast corner 
 of county. 
 
 - 9 -
 
 Glendale: 
 
 Jockson's Kollovv, the r.iost unurual hc>llow for it^ variety cf 
 shapes and .vi;jes of boulr-ers. Aiicut 3g- miles norttiwest of 
 Glendals or. Little Bay Ci.eok. One of 60 Illinois beauty 
 Bpotfi. 
 
 Eddyville: 
 
 a. C.;'.C. Cai.ip Eddyville, U. S. Forest Service junior c?.rp. 
 Inrom&tion conoernizjg various points of interest 
 available. Visitors welcoir.e. 
 
 b. Eayec Croolc Cr.nyoa -'ibout 1 ii'ile west of tovm. Sse WE.ter 
 erosion channels worn into the solid rock. Best after 
 
 s rain when nuir^erous waterfalls rney be seen. 
 
 c. Bell Smith Spring Area; about 6 miles ncrthweit of Eddy^/ille, 
 One of the best knovvi; recref'tion arc.'S in southern 
 Illinois for picnichinp and hiking. Excellent drink- 
 ing v^ater from spring-. "Ole swiinmin' hole" much in use, 
 
 but no bath house foeilities r,s yet. 
 
 1. Natural bridge in Bell S;.iith Area, accessible by 
 foot-trails. Hcs a span of over 150 feet end is 
 truly one of Southern Illinois' outstanding forma- 
 tions. About 1/8 mile southeast of spring. 
 
 2. Sand cave, o lar<7e I'coni approxiitnately 60 feet deep and 
 30 feet wide at the mouth. Located on the face of 
 
 a sen •'stone cliff at the cxtvenie south end of the 
 Bell Srrdth Spring area. About 2 miles south of 
 spring. 
 
 Burden Falls: 
 
 One of the cost popular ploces iu the vicinity for those who 
 enjoy cliiabia,'', throuf.-h reeky posses. Especially interesting: 
 during the spring or vdnter when water is goinp over the 
 falls into a pool sor..e 70 feet below. About 3 rales north- 
 east of McCcrniick. 
 
 Herod : 
 
 a. Williams Fill Lookout Station, U. S. Forest Service; 60 
 fset si eel t :v.v3r. Altitude of 1065 feet, 2 iriiler due 
 west of Her.v.:. The hiiixiesT; point in Southern Illinois. 
 
 - 10
 
 Raxfflfi, located about 7 miles north of Golconda: 
 
 a. War Bluff, point of historical and l3gendary significance. 
 Site of Indian Massacre. About 1 mile southeast of 
 Raum. 
 
 b. Raum Lookout Station, U. S. Forest Service, 100 foot 
 srcel tower. Visitors welcome. 
 
 Golconda: 
 
 a. Historic river tovm; the hills about Golconda and up the 
 river tov/ard Elizabethtovm are beautifully v/ooded. 
 
 b. U. S. Government Dam No. 51. Open to visitors. 
 
 c. See building on Golconda River front; stone blocks show 
 heights and dates of famous floods. 
 
 d. The Ohio River Bluffs, from Golconda do^mstream toward 
 Bay City, present many fine viev.'s of the river. The 
 bluff line is frequently interrupted by gledes or 
 shallov; ravines. 
 
 Brovmfield: 
 
 a. Deputy Lookout Station, U. S. Forest Service, 100 foot 
 steel tower. Excellent view of surrounding country 
 
 from Lookout cab. About Eg- miles northeast of Brownfield. 
 
 b. Cedar Bluffs, long line of bluffs extending eastvrard from 
 Brovmfield. Best viewed from the south. Striking contrast 
 of colors on the sandstone rock when the last rays of 
 
 the evening s'on play upon it. 
 
 c. Avery Hollow, mr.ny beautiful views of rock cliffs; variety 
 of plan- life; may be traversed in a couple of hours. 
 About 4| miles due north of Brownfield. 
 
 d. Pine Hollow, not far from ani.i similar to Avery Hollow. A 
 pleasant one day hike to these two points. About 3g- 
 miles northv/est of Brownfield. 
 
 e. Porter Springs, near famous Porter Ford on Lusk Creek. 
 Once a well-known picnic resort. Clear water spring. 
 About 5 mi Ins southwest of Raum and near Avery Hollow, 
 about 2^ nilos norths-ist.
 
 Dixon Springs: 
 
 a. Dixon Springs Resort, pT^ivately-cvmed recreational area. 
 Hotel, swiinminf: pool, end concesKicnE. Niunercus sprim^s 
 of meoicin-jl value; picturesque canyons and defiles. 
 C'^ntral point for surrounciinf'; points of inteicst. 
 
 d. Dixcn Springs Pastur..; end Erosion Project. About 14,000 
 acres under Devil's Point of the larm Securi'i-y Adm. ; 
 sponsored by Agricultural Experimental Station, the 
 Soil Conservation Service and. U. S. Forest Service. 
 
 Pulaski County 
 
 Mound City, historic eld tovm on Ohio River: 
 
 a. General Hospital used during the Civil War. Brick building, 
 constructed by U. S. 
 
 b. National Cemetery; 5000 Civil War soldiers buried, one 
 half unknovm.. 
 
 c. Illinois Soldier's Monument (1 mile west cf Itound City, 
 at intersection of routes #2 and #25). Largo monupient 
 mth names of knovm -ead. 
 
 d. Scene of a Union Shipyard during Civil "War days. 
 Ironclad fvunbor-its for Admiral Porter's fleet, in his 
 operations on the lower Mississippi, were built here 
 under the direction of Captain Eads (of St. Louis 
 Bridge fame). The iron is said to have come fi'om the 
 old Illinois and Martha B. furnaces located in Hardin 
 County. 
 
 e. Scene of an Indian Massacre. 
 
 Mound s : 
 
 Historic old town. 
 
 Olmstead: Intero.'iting ar.d oeautiful town. 
 
 a. Ohio River Dam #53, 2-^ miles north of Olmstead. Park 
 of real beauty near ciain. 
 
 b. Lover's Le'-'p, of local interest. Beautiful scenery. 
 
 C&''ae River: 
 
 southern Cypress nnd Tupleo swamps extend alon^; this river 
 and its tributaries and may be observed at Pulaski, Ullin 
 and Karnak. 
 
 - 12
 
 ]?:. udoJ .;-h C cm-ity 
 
 Chester - Menard: 
 
 a. Tiei-re K&u'ud iIoi;ie£ tercel cf first Lieutenaafc rnDveruor of 
 Illinois (state monwnent). 
 
 b. Gc'/ernor Shadrach B-a'' State rr-oruiTient. 
 
 c. Cl^ester, covjity scat and an interesting old tov/n. 
 
 d. Ger-rison Kill Cenetory, Gt?.ti:! i;ionvimeut ; buritl place of 
 Kaskc>skia pioneers. 
 
 e. Illincis Secvu-ity Hospital (L-tL\te). 
 
 1. Illinois State Penitentiary (M'?nard Branch). 
 
 Kaskaskia: 
 
 "Old Kaskasl^iT" first cnpitol of Illincis end eldest white 
 settlement in Mississippi Valley. J\lso associated vdt]. 
 eiirly days of Joorge P.osers Clark, the French, etc. At 
 first an Indian village, later French settlement, captuiod 
 from British by George Racers Clark. Site of tovm washed 
 away by Mississippi Ri\-r. Kaskaskia is en island west of 
 the Mississippi. 
 
 Rock-wccd: 
 
 Fcrmerly Liberty, flourishing river tovm during Civil V/ar. 
 MitiSissijjpi Eiver has since receded leavinfi it an inland 
 tovvT. . Indian cemetery located here probably last restir^g 
 place of one of the Illini trib^G. Graves roseiubling our 
 own, testify to advancement of S;rii)e. 
 
 Covered Bridg?: 
 
 On Pouts 150 between Chester anJ Bremen. Old Co\'ered Bri-U'-e 
 on Mary's River. 
 
 Sa lint C ounty 
 
 Stcnefort: 
 
 An intert3Stine- evidence of pre-historic inhabitants. Stone- 
 fort Bluff. 
 
 Carrier '.lills: 
 
 Soft coal strip mine v;ith one of the largest olot^tric shovels 
 in the world. 
 
 Ilarrisburg: 
 
 Still Eouiie Hollow and Bluffs. One of 60 Illinois beauty spots 
 selected fcv their cutslandinp scenic irterr-st by a coinmission 
 headed by the late Loraco Taft. Abuut 7 mixes southeast of 
 Harristui'".
 
 Horseshoe: 
 
 a. Buffalo Salt Lick, famous salt luakiiiG reservation, some- 
 times knowii as the United Stste Salines. Selt shipped 
 on Longhcm bnrges .lown Saline River to the Ohio and 
 thence couth. Remains of salt evFiporating ptuis s-cill 
 visible. About [ih miles west of tovm. 
 
 b. Cave Hill, presents a striking escarpmerit . :ne crest of 
 vrtiich is more than 600 feet above the Saline bottoms. 
 Scenery unsurpassed in the State. In'^'eresting cave 
 
 on the slopes about 3 miles vjest of tovm may be 
 explored for a distance cf i-g- miles. 
 
 c. Table Rock, near Cave Hill. 
 
 Somerset : 
 
 a. Stone Face, on west side of Ea^fle Movjitains can best be 
 seen in profile. Nose and chin easily distint^^uishable. 
 Not well known because of its relative inaccessibility. 
 About 1 mile east of tov.-n. 
 
 b, Vjorable Mountain, an interesting rocky trail, not far from 
 the State highv;ay, leads to a level fern co"\/ered clearing 
 which affords an ex .ellent view ir all directions. 
 
 Rudement: 
 
 Beech Hcllo^v, fojr.ous for its fine spring and luxuriant vegeta- 
 tion as well as for its numerous caves in the cliffs. Near 
 town. 
 
 Izaak Walton Pond - U. S. Forest Service Picnic Ground. 
 
 Union County 
 
 Makanda: 
 
 Giant City State Park, partly in this county but primarily in 
 Jactrson County. (See Jackson County for description.) 
 
 Water Valley: 
 
 Lockout Station, U. S. Forest Service, 100 foot steel tower; 
 excellent view; near Giant City State Park. Visitors welcome. 
 
 Alto Pass: 
 
 a. Bald ILiob, cvin of the very hii^hest peaks in the State ^ l,CiO 
 feet. Hundreds of acr.^s of tne finest timber in the State 
 en slopes. Fire towor erected by ths U. S. Forest Service 
 named Bald Knob Lookout Station. (4.8 iidles southwes: of 
 Alto Pass. ) 
 
 - 14
 
 b. Villege of Alto P?.',33 on the Mobil;? and Ohio Railroad. 
 The highest R-iilro'-. i point in Southern Illinois; 
 picturo.^QUfi Betting. 
 
 Cobden: 
 
 On-the-:.Ioifhts, cne cf ''0 Illinois beauty spots. 
 
 YJolf Lake: 
 
 a. Pine Hills, a recreetionel crea developed by the U. S. 
 Fcr?st Sei'vice v.'ith facilities for picnicking at McGce 
 ilill. Tv;o roads, one under the bluff and the othei on 
 top of a ridge, paralleling the bottornlan'lc. make this 
 area accessible frcra highway //150 at LaKue and Vvolf Lake. 
 
 b. Wolf Lake, excellent rabbit, squirrel, quail and r'uck h\iut- 
 ing and fishing for rough and gome fish. The only stnnd 
 
 of yelloiv pine in the State. A private recreation area. 
 Location of Atlas Powder Company, nakers of dyneariite 
 and other explosives. 
 
 Vfero : 
 
 a. Indian mounds (Oshge Indians) and Indian burial grouads. 
 A band of Oumiamis, (Osage) lived here in IvOO. 
 
 b. AtwO'.'-d Ridge, an area of extreme natural beauty; vrildernoLG . 
 Reac'ied by eld foot-trails and old roads. About 5^ miles 
 southeast of Ware. 
 
 Union Countj' State Forest: 
 
 xVoout 5|- milas northvrest of Jonesboro. 
 
 a. Camp Union, a veteran C.C.C. camp under the supervision of 
 the U, S. Forest Service. Located in Union County State 
 ForeKt, u'here a forest tree nursery is maintained by the 
 State, Facilities for picnicking. 
 
 b. Union Forest State Lookout, a fire tov.er within the State 
 forest erected by the State for fire detection purposes 
 and used cooperatively in fire control by the Fores b 
 Service and the State Department of Conservation. 
 
 Jonesboro; 
 
 a. Scene of Lincoln-Douglas debate nt old fair grounds. A 
 gr'snits si-.'; n-iarks z'.z3 spot. The U. S. Fores'; Sex vice 
 has acquired iliis site and ei'ectfjd a ranger station 
 upon it. Info:.mation conc.'rning scenic spots and other 
 points of interest can be Lad on application froiii the 
 Forest Ranger. Visitors v/elcome. 
 
 b. Union Ho-a^e, where Abraham Lincoln and Iiorace White sat and 
 v;atc.'i2d Donati's Co.;iet . 
 
 - 15 -
 
 c. Interestin,;; old coiii't house. 
 
 d. Site c.r InrlioTi C-mp cjid Ce^aet-ivy, cip.tiDr-r htzl'-.c to the rerno- 
 vr:-! r1" n: ;= .'!.•: ■'r, ir, ."jLabnn a to C. IcL'.-huan iii tlu? tiut'ipui .jrid 
 v;irtfcr ol" ie;}3. 
 
 Anna: 
 
 a. Horse rniC I1V.I3 Market; ratGci 'is one of tl.c ]arfc-?jt of its 
 kind in the United Strt'js. 
 
 b. Thi3 area is also f&noufl for its big hills .-nd epple 
 culture. 
 
 c. Anna Ciafce Hc3i:iLal. 
 
 rJcynoldsTTillo: 
 
 U. B. Dam Hollow, ca E.roa of local inLereet to the south of 
 Atvrood Kidfta. Kaachod by road from Statfi Eith'''''-y rf^SO at 
 Reynoldsville, about 3^ miles ncrthea&t of tov.ii. 
 
 Mill Croek: 
 
 Sit3 Ol" one of the wcrll's j.iost ffiji^ous Indian Qv^rries. 
 
 Wi"'.liai iison County 
 
 Iferion: 
 
 a. Old Court House v/here Johji A- Lof:^an made his famous speech 
 v.'hlch h-;lri Southorn Illinois to the Union. 
 
 Creal Sprinf^s: 
 
 Knoivn as a health resort for soi; •.> years. 01c' brick hotel and 
 mineral sprin£;s may still be seen. 
 
 16
 
 
 ,>r;£^»^'''. 
 
 OF uit*'^^^
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA 
 
 917 739IL6I ""'„„ 
 
 ILLINOIS OZARK REGION CHICAGO 
 
 3 0112 025343150