PLUMBING 
 CODE 
 
 COLUMBUS, 
 OHIO 
 
 1917 
 
Plumbing- Code 
 
 of the 
 
 City of Columbus 
 
 Governing the 
 
 Construction, Installation and 
 Inspection 
 
 of 
 
 Plumbing, Drainage and 
 House Sewer 
 
 1917 
 
 The Pfeifer Show Print Co. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2015 
 
 https://archive.org/details/plumbingcodeofciOOcolu 
 
jC.^ 1 ALTGELD HALL 
 
 ALTGELD HAIL' 
 DEFINITION OF TERMS 
 
 A Waste Pipe is any pipe which receives the 
 discharge of any fixture except water closets and 
 conveys the same to the soil pipe or house drain. 
 ^ Soil Pipe is any pipe which conveys the dis- 
 charge of water closets with or without other fix- 
 tures, to the house drain. 
 
 House Drain is that part of the horizontal pip- 
 ing of a house drainage system which receives the 
 discharge of all soil, waste and other drainage 
 pipes inside the walls of any building and conveys 
 the same to the house sewer, three feet outside 
 the foundation wall of such building. 
 \ House Sewer or Main Drain is that part of the 
 horizontal piping beginning three feet from the 
 foundation wall to its connection with the main 
 sewer or cesspool. 
 
 J A Vent Pipe is any pipe provided to ventilate a 
 drainage and plumbing system of piping and to 
 prevent siphonage and back pressure. 
 
 A Back Vent Pipe is that part of a vent pipe 
 line which connects directly with an individual 
 ' crap underneath or back of the fixture, and extends 
 either to the branch, main, soil or waste vent. 
 
 Soil or Waste Vent is that part of the main soil 
 rr waste pipe above the highest installed branch 
 )r fixture connection, extending through the roof. 
 
 Conductors or Eoof Leaders are conveyors which 
 iarry the storm or rain water from the roofs of 
 
4 
 
 buildings to the house or yard drain. The term 
 Down Spout is usually applied to the verticil- por- 
 tion. 
 
 Local or Surface Vent is a pipe by which the 
 foul air in bowls or water closets or other plumb- 
 ing fixtures, is removed. 
 
 Subsoil Drain is that part of a drainage system 
 which conveys the subsoil or ground or seek water 
 from the foot of walls or below the cellar bottom 
 under buildings, to the house sewer, but inde- 
 pendent of the house drain. 
 
 Trap is a fitting so constructed as to prevent 
 the passage of air or gas through a pipe without 
 materially affecting the flow of sewage or waste 
 water therein. 
 
 Traps — Depth of Seal is the height of the water 
 column measured between the points of overflow 
 and the dip or division level separating the inlet 
 and outlet arms of the trap. 
 
 " Plumbers 1 Work M shall include all piping in 
 a building to a point three (3) 'feet outside the 
 foundation wails and shall include the house drain, 
 soil and waste stacks, conductors and roof leaders. 
 
5 
 
 An Ordinance No. 29,902 — To regulate the loca- 
 tion, construction, installation, alteration and repair 
 of plumbing and drains, water closets, privies, cess- 
 pools, sinks, plumbing fixtures, and house sewers, 
 in the city of Columbus. 
 
 Be it ordained by the council of the city of 
 Columbus: 
 
 Section 1. It shall be unlawful for any person, 
 persons, firm or corporation to construct, install, al- 
 ter or repair any plumbing, drain, water closet, 
 privy, cesspool, sink, or any plumbing fixture within 
 the city of Columbus, Ohio, without first obtaining 
 from the inspector of buildings, a permit to do 
 said work; for which a fee of fifty (50) cents shall 
 be paid to said inspector, for said permit of four 
 fixtures or vented traps or less, and for each fix- 
 ture or vented trap over four a further charge of 
 twenty-five (25) cents be made. 
 
 The following plumbing fixtures count as one 
 fixture: 
 
 Water closet, bath tub, wash basin, sink, urinal, 
 set of laundry trays, slop sink, three feet of urinal 
 trough, or wash sink, refrigerator, soda fountain, 
 drinking fountain, shower bath, bar fixture, cus- 
 pidor and any vented trap. 
 
 Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for any person, per- 
 sons, firm or corporation to construct, alter or re- 
 pair any house sewer, in the city of Columbus, 
 Ohio, without first obtaining from the inspector of 
 
6 
 
 buildings, a permit to do said work, for which a fee 
 of one dollar shall be paid to said inspector of 
 buildings, provided, however, that such permits as 
 are required by the provisions of Sections 1 and 
 2 of this ordinance, shall not apply to or cover the 
 tapping of any public sewer, and it shall be un- 
 lawful to construct, install, alter, or repair any such 
 plumbing, drain, water closet, privy, cesspool, sink, 
 plumbing fixture or house sewer, except in strict 
 accordance with the several conditions, provisions 
 and specifications hereinafter enumerated; except, 
 however, that this ordinance shall not apply nor 
 shall any permit be required in case of repairs not 
 affecting sanitation, such as mending of leaks in 
 soil, waste or vent pipes, faucets, -valves, or water 
 supply pipes, mending of broken fixtures, tanks, 
 kitchen boilers or releasing frozen pipes. 
 
 Sec. 3. House Drainage System. In a system of 
 house drainage, the main pipe runs from a point 
 above the building to the city sewer and is divided 
 into three parts as follows: 
 
 (1) From the top of the building to the bend 
 in the cellar, the pipe is known as the soil pipe. 
 
 (2) From this point to just outside the building 
 wall, three to five feet, is known as the house 
 drain. 
 
 (3) From the last mentioned point to the line 
 of the street or alley in which is located the pub- 
 lic sewer, to which the connection is made, is 
 known as the house sewer. 
 
 Sec. 4. Inspector. Wherever in this ordinance 
 the word "Inspector" is used, it shall be held to 
 mean the Inspector of Buildings of the city of 
 
7 
 
 Columbus, or any of his deputies or assistants 
 duly authorized to have supervision of plumbing 
 and drainage. 
 
 Sec. 5. These rules and regulations shall apply 
 to and include all sanitary work, installation or 
 equipment hereafter installed, constructed or al- 
 tered in, for or about a building or structure of any 
 kind, class or character, or used or to be used for 
 any purpose whatsoever. 
 
 Sec. 6. All plumbing fixtures except those wast- 
 ing as prescribed in Section 23, shall be connected 
 direct to the soil stack, house drain or house sewer 
 by gas and water-tight connection and properly 
 trapped and vented as prescribed in the following 
 sections: 
 
 Sec. 7. Permit Revoked. A. In case of the 
 violation of any of the terms of this ordinance, the 
 permit to execute the work shall be revoked by the 
 inspector and written notice given to the person, 
 persons, firm or corporation doing the work, and to 
 the owner of the building or his agent, and there- 
 upon all work under such permit shall immediately 
 cease, and work thereunder shall not recommence 
 until such permit shall have been renewed by the 
 inspector of buildings. 
 
 B. Duties of Plumbers. It shall be the duty of 
 plumbers to report to the inspector any defective 
 plumbing in old buildings, public or private, where 
 they may be called to make repairs. They must 
 not make these repairs when construction work is 
 necessary, unless after inspection, the inspector so 
 authorizes. 
 
 C. Plans Filed. Before the construction or re- 
 
8 
 
 pair, except in case of repairs not affecting sani- 
 tation or any portion of the work, provided for 
 herein shall be begun, or a permit issued therefor, 
 suitable plans of all work proposed to be done shall 
 be filed in the oflice of the inspector by the owner 
 or agent of the owner. The plans must be drawn 
 upon blank forms furnished by the inspector, show- 
 ing clearly the work to be done. If the plans are 
 not made satisfactorily, the inspector shall require 
 fall and complete plans drawn to a scale. 
 
 D. Specifications. There must accompany every 
 plan, plainly written in ink and well defined, speci- 
 fications or description of such plan on a blank 
 furnished at the oflice of the inspector. 
 
 The plans and specifications exhibiting the work 
 proposed must conform to these rules before they 
 can be accepted by the inspector. 
 
 E. Number of Buildings. When a number of 
 buildings are situated together or apart on one lot 
 and the work is the same in each, and to be done 
 under the same contract, one plan will be permitted 
 for all buildings. In such cases a general plan must 
 be submitted showing all the houses, and the lo- 
 cation of the six-inch sewer. 
 
 F. Permit Rejected. Plans and specifications 
 in accordance with these rules will be approved, 
 and, if not in conformity thereto, will be rejected 
 within a reasonable time from date of filing. In 
 case of disapproval the one filing the plans will be 
 notified in writing of the reasons of such disap- 
 proval. 
 
 "Upon approval of the plans and specifications, 
 the inspector shall issue a permit to do the work. 
 
9 
 
 G. Expiration. If the work is not begun under 
 the approved plans and specifications within six 
 months from the date of approval, such plans must 
 be again submitted for approval. Plans and speci- 
 fications are approved under the condition that 
 such approval expires by its own limitation within 
 six months from the date of the approval. And 
 when one plan and specification has been submitted 
 for more than one building, this rule shall apply as 
 to each of said buildings as if said plan and specifi- 
 cation had been filed for such building only. 
 
 H. Change in Plans. No change or modification 
 of the approved plans and specifications will be 
 permitted unless such change or modification be 
 authorized by the owner or agent, submitted to the 
 inspector, and approved and placed on file as in the 
 case of original work. 
 
 I. Inspections. The inspector must be notified 
 by the plumber, owner or his agent, when the work 
 is ready for inspection. All work must be left un- 
 covered and convenient for examination until in- 
 spected and approved. No notice shall be sent for 
 any inspection until the work is entirely ready for 
 thorough inspection. 
 
 Sec. 8. Size of Pipes. Size of house drains, soil 
 and waste stacks, main and branches: 
 
 Twenty (20) square feet of roof or yard area 
 in horizontal projection counts as one fixture. 
 
 Three feet of urinal trough or wash sink counts 
 as one fixture. 
 
 One bath tub, lavatory, sink or smaller fixture 
 counts as one fixture. 
 
10 
 
 A set of three laundry trays, or wash stands, 
 a set of two laundry trays with sink combined, pro- 
 vided they are made in one fixture counts as one 
 fixture. 
 
 One pedestal urinal or slop hopper sink counts 
 as two fixtures. 
 
 One water closet counts as four fixtures. 
 Dimensions given refer to the inside diameter. 
 
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12 
 
 Providing that the number of water closets 
 on any soil pipe, with or without other fixtures, shall 
 never exceed the number given in either of the 
 last two columns. 
 
 The number of fixtures in a building shall de- 
 termine the size of the house drain and the area of 
 the soil or waste stacks shall not be less than the 
 area of the house drain. 
 
 If earthenware drains or sewers are used the 
 diameter of the pipe shall be increased one size 
 over the above table. 
 
 Sec. 9. Size of Fixtures, Traps and Waste. .The 
 
 size (inside diameter) of the trap and waste 
 branches for a given fixture shall never be less than 
 
 the following: 
 
 Side in Inches 
 
 Kind of Fixture Trap Branch 
 
 Water closets 3 3 
 
 Slop sink with trap combined.... 3 3 
 
 Slop sink ordinary 2 2 
 
 Lip urinal IV2 1% 
 
 Pedestal urinal 3 3 
 
 Floor drains or wash 3 3 
 
 Yard drains or catch basins 3 3 
 
 Urinal troughs 2 2 
 
 Laundry trays IY2 1% 
 
 Kitchen sinks (residence) 1% IV2 
 
 Kitchen sinks (large), hotel or 
 
 public 2 2 
 
 Pantry sinks (large), hotel or 
 
 public 2 2 
 
 Pantry or bar sink 1% IV2 
 
 Wash basins, one only 1V± 1% 
 
13 
 
 Bath tubs . 1% 1% 
 
 Shower baths 2 2 
 
 Sitz bath 1% 1% 
 
 Drinking fountains l 1 /^ 1% 
 
 Fountain cuspidors 1% 1% 
 
 Soda fountains 1% 1-54 
 
 Befrigerator 1% 1% 
 
 Sec. 10. Size of Vent Pipe Stacks. The follow- 
 ing table gives the size of vent and the maximum 
 number of fixtures that they shall serve: 
 
 02 • CQ 
 
 03 OH r^-rH rjCM £ <w> 
 
 1V4" 
 
 Pipe 
 
 25 
 
 1 (l%"trap) 
 
 
 
 iy 2 " 
 
 35 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 " 
 
 
 60 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 2%" 
 
 
 90 
 
 24 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 3 " 
 
 
 125 
 
 48 
 
 24 
 
 12 
 
 3%" 
 
 < < 
 
 150 
 
 100 
 
 50 
 
 25 
 
 4 " 
 
 
 180 
 
 160 
 
 80 
 
 40 
 
 5 " 
 
 i c 
 
 240 
 
 280 
 
 140 
 
 70 
 
 6 " 
 
 ( ( 
 
 330 
 
 480 
 
 240 
 
 120 
 
 For five (5) inch traps and over the vent shall 
 be one-half the diameter of the trap, except as pre- 
 scribed in Section 25. 
 
 If the length of a branch or main vent pipe is 
 to exceed the given maximum, the above diameter 
 must be increased to the tabulated size opposite 
 
14 
 
 the length required, irrespective of the number of 
 traps vented, but in no case shall the main vent be 
 more than the adjoining soil pipe or waste stack. 
 
 MATERIALS, QUALITY AND WEIGHTS 
 EARTHENWARE PIPE 
 
 Sec. 11. A. Quality of Pipe. All earthenware 
 pipe and fittings shall be of the hub and spigot pat- 
 tern, cylindrical in section, thoroughly vitrified 
 through the thickness of the pipe-,, and thoroughly 
 salt glazed over the entire inner and outer surfaces. 
 Each length shall be of a uniform caliber, smooth 
 bore throughout, without twist or wind, and free 
 from fire cracks, blisters, flaws or other defects. 
 
 Earthenware pipe used for tile drains shall be 
 without hub or socket, and can be either cylindrical 
 or D-shaped in section. 
 
 OAST IRON PIPE 
 
 B. Quality of Pipe. All cast iron pipe and fit- 
 tings shall be sound, cylindrical and smooth, free 
 from cracks, sand holes and other defects, of a 
 uniform thickness and not lighter than the com- 
 mercial grade known as ' ' extra heavy. ' ' 
 
 Weights of Cast Iron Pipe. Pipe shall not weigh 
 less than the following per lineal foot, which 
 weights include the hubs: 
 
 Diameter of Pipe Weights per Ft, 
 
 2-inch 5V 2 pounds 
 
 a inch 9% pounds 
 
 4-inch 13 pounds 
 
V 
 
 15 
 
 5- inch 
 
 6 - inch 
 
 7 - inch 
 
 8- inch 
 
 17 pounds 
 20 pounds 
 27 pounds 
 33% pounds 
 
 Coating for Cast Iron Pipes and Fittings. All 
 
 pipe shall be coated at the factory for underground 
 use with asphaltum or coal tar pitch. 
 
 Pipes and fittings above ground may be plain 
 or coated with linseed oil, coal oil, asphaltum or 
 coal tar pitch. 
 
 WROUGHT IRON AND MILD STEEL PIPE 
 
 C. Thickness and Weight of Pipe. All wrought 
 iron or mild steel pipe used for soil, waste or vent 
 pipes shall be galvanized, and not lighter than the 
 commercial grade known as "full weight. 
 
 D. The fittings for wrought iron or mild steel 
 waste, soil and refrigerator waste shall be cast 
 or malleable iron or brass recessed drainage fittings, 
 with smooth interior waterway and threads tapped 
 out of solid metal, so as to give a uniform grade 
 to branches of not less than one-fourth of an inch 
 per foot. 
 
 Threaded fittings for soil, waste and vent pipes 
 shall be brass, galvanized malleable iron or cast 
 iron. 
 
 E. Weight of Lead Pipe. All pipe used for 
 branch soil, waste, . vent or flush pipes shall be of 
 the best quality of drawn pipe, of not less weight 
 per lineal foot than shown in the following table: 
 
 LEAD PIPE 
 
16 
 
 Lead branch soil, waste, vent or flush pipes, in- 
 cluding bends and traps. 
 
 Internal Diameter Wgts. per Ft. 
 
 1 inch 1 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 li/i inch 2 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 IV2 inch 3 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 2 inch 4 lb. 0 oz. 
 
 3 inch • 6 lb. 0 oz. 
 
 4 inch 8 lb. 0 oz. 
 
 Sec. 12. A. Brass Pipe and Fittings. Brass pipe 
 for soil, waste and vent pipe shall be thoroughly an- 
 nealed, seamless drawn or brazed tubing having 
 weight and outside diameter of not less than the 
 following: 
 
 Nominal 
 
 Gauge 
 
 
 
 Diameter 
 
 No. B. & S. 
 
 Thickness 
 
 Weights 
 
 Inches 
 
 
 Inches 
 
 Pounds 
 
 VA 
 
 12 
 
 5-64 
 
 1.08 
 
 
 12 
 
 5-64 
 
 1.32 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 5-64 
 
 1.79 
 
 2y 2 
 
 10 
 
 7-64 
 
 2.82 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 7-64 
 
 3.41 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 1-8 
 
 5.74 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 1-8 
 
 7.22 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 1-8 
 
 8.71 
 
 For flush and local vents No. 18 gauge may be 
 used. Drawn tubing only shall be used for the 
 larger sizes, two and one-half (2%) inches to six 
 (6) inches, and brazed tubing may be used for the 
 smaller sizes, one and one-quarter (l 1 ^) to two (2) 
 inches. 
 
17 
 
 Brass fittings shall be of good quality cast brass 
 having a thickness in their walls not less than the 
 tabular thickness given above for the corresponding 
 brass pipe. The thickness of the tapped ends to be 
 one and one-half (l 1 /^) times the thickness of the 
 corresponding, pipe. 
 
 Brass Ferrules. Brass ferrules shall be best qual- 
 ity, extra heavy cast brass, not less than four 
 and one-half (4%) inches long and 2%, Zy 2 and 
 4y 2 inches in diameter, and not less than the fol- 
 lowing weights: 
 
 Diameter Weights 
 
 2!/4 inches 1 lb. 0 oz. 
 
 3% inches 1 lb. 12 oz. 
 
 4% inches 2 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 Cup or similar ferrules shall conform with the 
 above table. 
 
 Soldering Nipples. Soldering nipples shall be 
 heavy cast brass, or of brass pipe iron pipe size. 
 When cast, they shall be full bore and not less than 
 the following weights: 
 
 Diameter Weights 
 
 l 1 /^ inches 0 lb. 6 oz. 
 
 iy 2 inches 0 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 2 inches 0 lb. 14 oz. 
 
 2y 2 inches 1 lb. 6 oz. 
 
 3 inches 2 lb. 0 oz. 
 
 4 inches 3 lb. 8 oz. 
 
 B. Sheet Lead. Sheet lead for roof flashing shall 
 not weigh less than three (3) pounds per square 
 
18 
 
 foot, and shall extend not less than six (6) inches 
 from the pipe and the joint shall be made water 
 tight. 
 
 C. Copper. Copper tubing when used for inside 
 roof conductors or leader connections shall be seam- 
 less drawn tubing, not less than number fourteen 
 (14) B. & S. gauge; and when copper is used for roof 
 conductors or leader flashings it shall be not less 
 than number eighteen (18) B. & S. gauge, and for 
 local vents and interior ventilating pipe may be 
 spiral of gauge number twenty-six (26). 
 
 JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS 
 
 Sec. 13. A. Water and Air-Tight Joints, All 
 
 joints and connections prescribed under this title 
 shall be made gas and water-tight. 
 
 B. Earthenware Pipes. Joints between the hub 
 and spigot shall be half filled with a gasket of 
 oakum and then by finishing the joint with mortar 
 made of one (1) part fresh Portland cement and two 
 (2) parts clean sharp sand. 
 
 Each joint shall be carefully banked, wiped and 
 cleaned. 
 
 C. Earthenware to Iron Pipe. Underground 
 joints between earthenware and iron pipe shall be 
 made the same as above prescribed for earthenware 
 pipe. 
 
 D. Cast Iron Pipe. All joints in cast iron shall 
 be made with pure lead well calked and not less 
 than one (1) inch deep, and no paint, varnish or 
 putty will be allowed until the joints have been 
 tested. 
 
19 
 
 • Oakum or other efficient method shall be used 
 to prevent the lead from running through the joint. 
 
 E. Wrought Iron, Mild Steel and Brass Pipe. 
 
 Joints in galvanized iron, mild steel or brass pipe 
 shall be standard screw joints, and all burs or cut- 
 tings shall be removed. All joints shall be made up 
 of white or red lead or mineral paint. 
 
 F. Wrought Iron, Mild Steel and Brass to Cast 
 Iron. Connection between wrought iron, mild steel 
 or brass to cast iron shall be either a calked joint 
 or screwed joint. 
 
 All unions used on the sewer side of traps shall 
 be ground faced and shall not be concealed or en- 
 closed. 
 
 No slip joint connection will be allowed on the 
 sewer side of the trap. 
 
 G. Lead Pipe. Joints in lead pipe or between 
 lead pipes, and pipes of brass or copper shall have 
 an exposed surface of the solder to each side of the 
 joint of at least three-quarters (%) of an inch. 
 
 H. Lead to Iron Pipe. Joints between lead and 
 iron pipes shall be made by extra heavy cast or 
 drawn screw nipple, with either a calked joint or a 
 soldered nipple with a threaded joint or approved 
 concaved brass bushings. 
 
 Where cup or similar ferrules are used they 
 shall extend not less than one-quarter ( 1 / 4) inch 
 above the hub. 
 
 I. Earthenware with Metal Floor Connections. 
 
 Fixtures with earthenware traps connected directly 
 with soil or waste pipes shall have a solid brass 
 floor plate not less than three-sixteenths (3-16) of 
 
20 
 
 an inch thick, soldered to the lead bend or pipe, 
 and screwed to the floor where joists are of wood, 
 and where brass or iron is used, screwed to the 
 same, and bolted to the trap flange. Joint shall be 
 made gas-tight with an asbestos graphite ring, as- 
 bestos string gasket, washer, red or white lead, or 
 perfect screw joint. 
 
 In wooden joist construction the connection be- 
 tween the earthenware and soil pipe shall have at 
 least two (2) inches of lead pipe between the 
 wiped joint and the under side of the floor. 
 
 J. Increases and Reducers. Where different sizes 
 of pipe or pipes and fittings are to be connected, 
 proper size increasers or reducers, pitched to ar. 
 angle of forty-five (45) degrees between the two 
 sizes shall be used. 
 
 K. Prohibited Joints. Any fitting or connection 
 <y which has an enlargement, chamber or recess with a 
 ledge, shoulder or reduction of the pipe area in the 
 direction of the flow on the outlet or drain side of 
 any trap is prohibited. 
 
 L. Expansion Bolts. Connections or hangers 
 pipe supports, or fixture settings with masonary or 
 stone backing shall be made w T ith expansion bolts 
 without the use of w r ood plugs. 
 
 TRAPS 
 
 Sec. 14. Traps and Cleanouts. 
 
 A. Where Used. Each single fixture, except those 
 wasting as prescribed under Section 26, shall be sep- 
 arately trapped by a water seal trap, placed as close 
 to the fixtures as possible. 
 
21 
 
 A set of not more than three wash trays or 
 ash stands, or a set of one or two wash trays with 
 ak combined, made in one fixture, may connect 
 ith a single trap, provided the trap is placed cen- 
 al and the branches connect into the seal of the 
 ap. 
 
 B. Kind of Traps, Every trap shall be self- 
 eaning. No form of trap which depends upon the 
 ;tion of movable parts for its seal shall be used, 
 to trap which depends upon concealed interior parti- 
 ons for its seal or which has an interior partition 
 tat, in case of defect, would allow the passage of 
 :wer air, shall be used. 
 
 Traps for bath tubs, basins, sinks of other similar 
 xtures shall be made of lead, brass, galvanized 
 on, or of iron porcelain enameled inside. 
 ' Galvanlized or porcelain enameled iron traps shall 
 3 extra heavy full bore, and have a smooth in- 
 irior water way and threads tapped out of solid 
 etal. 
 
 Iron drum traps shall be made of extra heavy 
 tst or malleable iron, galvanized or porcelain 
 lameled on the inside and the drum shall not exceed 
 )ur (4) inches in diameter. Drum traps shall have 
 
 water seal of not more than seven (7) inches 
 or less than two (2) inches. 
 
 Every drum trap shall be so installed that the 
 ater seal will protect the trap screw from sewer 
 r. 
 
 C. Water Seal. Each trap shall have a water 
 ^al of not less than two (2) inches. 
 
 D. Cleanouts and. Vent Connections. Each trap 
 Iscept those in combination with fixtures where 
 
22 
 
 the trap seal is plainly visible and accessible sha 
 be provided with a brass trap screw. 
 
 Traps placed between the floor shall have a bras 
 trap screw for cleaning, in plain view or flush wit 
 the floor, or readily accessible from or under th 
 floor. 
 
 E. Trap Levels and Protection. All traps sha! 
 be rigidly supported and set true with respect t 
 their water level, and shall be so located as to pro 
 tect their seals. 
 
 F. Traps Prohibited on Drains. There shall b 
 no trap at the foot of soil or waste pipe stacks upoj 
 the house drain or house sewer except where sucl 
 drain or house sewer is used exclusively for eo]n 
 ducting rain water or surface water to a hous. 
 drain or house sewer, excepting a main house tra] 
 will be permitted on the house drain, provided i 
 vent pipe is taken from both sides of the trap, thi 
 same size as the house drain, and carried separately 
 to the roof, and located as for roof outlets. 
 
 G. Other Waste Fixtures to Water Closet Tra] 
 Prohibited. In no case shall the waste from a batl 
 tub or other fixture be connected with a water close 1 
 trap. 
 
 H. Overflow Connections. Overflow pipes frojj 
 fixtures shall in each case be connected on the ir 
 let side of the trap. 
 
 I. Cellar Drains. Cellar drains will be permitted 
 only when they connect to a trap with a permanent 
 water seal. 
 
23 
 
 CLEANOUTS 
 
 Sec. 15. A. Size. Clean outs shall be the same 
 M as the pipe up to four (4) inches in diameter 
 M not less than four (4) inches for larger pipe 
 1 traps. 
 
 B. Material. Screw caps for cleanouts shall be 
 J extra heavy brass, not less than one-eighth (%) 
 1 an inch thick. The screw cap shall have a solid 
 ,uare or hexagonal nut not less than 1 inch high. 
 
 le body of a cleanout ferrule shall be at least 
 Mai in weight and thickness, to the calking ferrule 
 1 the same size of pipe. The engaging part shall 
 'ive no less than six threads of iron pipe size, 
 J id be tapered. 
 
 1 0. Where Required. Cleanouts shall be provided 
 I follows: At the foot of all vertical lines of soil 
 pe, and at the end of each horizontal line. The 
 , stance between the cleanouts shall not exceed 
 Jty (50) feet. 
 There shall be at least two (2) four (4) inch 
 eanouts provided in the house drain; one made 
 nth a full-sized Y-branch just inside of the wall 
 mx the house drain and the house sewer connec- 
 ion, and the second near the end of the house 
 rain, or at the base of the soil or waste stack, 
 itermediate cleanouts may be made with T's. 
 1 Any vertical soil, waste or vent pipe having an 
 iDening readily accessible from the roof and with- 
 it change of direction in its entire length shall 
 J>t be required to be provided with a cleanout other 
 lan at its base. 
 
 .) D. Manhole. All underground traps and clean- 
 1 
 
24 
 
 outs inside of a building, except where the clean, 
 out traps are flush with the cellar floor, shall b , 
 made accessible by manholes with proper metalli 
 covers, and all exterior underground traps with in 
 accessible cleanouts shall also be placed in manholes 
 E. Location. All traps and cleanouts shall b< 
 located so as to be easily accessible for cleaning. 
 
 GENERAL REGULATIONS 
 
 Sec. 16. Grade of Horizontal Pipes. All horizon 
 tal piping shall be run in practical alignment and a1 
 a uniform grade of one-half (%) inch per foot wher 
 possible, but in no case shall the grade be less than 
 one-quarter (%) of an inch to one (1) foot for soii 
 or waste pipes, house drains and house sewers; and 
 not less than one-eighth (%) of an inch per foot 
 for vent or ventilating pipes. 
 
 B. Change of Direction. All drainage and plumb- 
 ing pipes shall be rigidly secured or supported to 
 keep their alignment and grade, and all changes of 
 direction, either horizontal or vertical, shall be made 
 with the appropriate use of "Y's, '■' half "Y'sJH 
 sanitary "T-YV long sweep quarter, sixth, eighth 
 or sixteenth bends, with short niples where screw 
 joints are used. 
 
 Increase or reduction in size shall be made by 
 the use of a proper fitting. 
 
 Every vertical line of soil or waste pipe shall 
 have no less than eighteen (18) inches of iron pipe 
 run horizontally at its base. 
 
 C. Prohibited Fittings. No double hub, double, 
 T, or sanitary T branches shall be used on hori- 
 
25 
 
 ntal runs, nor shall double hubs or straight 
 >sses be used on the soil or waste pipe. Saddle 
 ! bs and bands are in all cases prohibited. 
 
 D. Offsets in Mains. Offsets in the mains of all 
 icks shall be avoided if possible, but when un- 
 I'oidable they shall, if possible, be made with f orty- 
 
 e (45) degree fittings. 
 
 E. Dead Ends. In the installation of any plumb- 
 g systems, all dead ends in pipes shall be avoided. 
 
 F. Drainage Excavations. All excavations re 
 ired to be made for the installation of a house 
 linage system, or any part thereof, shall be open 
 ench work. All such trenches shall be kept open 
 itil the piping has been inspected. 
 
 tGr. Relieving Arches. Where pipes pass under 
 'alls the same shall be placed under openings, and 
 all cases where pipes pass under or through walls 
 Ly shall be provided with a relieving arch or 
 itel. 
 
 Jh. Stack Supports. All free standing stacks 
 aall be thoroughly supported on concrete or mason- 
 ic piers at their base, and those forty (40) feet or 
 ore in height shall also be provided with foot rests 
 ; their base and also with floor rests or supports at 
 /ery ten (10) foot intervals. 
 
 ' The pipe supports according to their location 
 ,iall be made either with heavy iron posts, hangers, 
 'all brackets or steel fittings, concrete or masonry 
 ers; provided that no brick pier shall be less than 
 ght (8) inches square. The use of pipe hooks 
 |all be prohibited for larger than one and one-half 
 )[%) inch pipes. 
 
26 
 
 HOUSE SEWERAGE AND DRAINS 
 Sec. 17. A. Independent System. The drainag 
 and plumbing system of each new building or nev 
 work installed in an existing building shall be en 
 tirely separate and independent of that of any othe 
 building, except as provided in Section 17-B; am 
 wherever available every building shall have an in 
 dependent connection with a public or privat< 
 sewer. 
 
 B. Exceptions Permissible. Where one buildinj 
 stands in the rear of another on an interior lot, and 
 no private sewer is available, or can be made for thj 
 rear building, through an adjoining alley, court yar, 
 or driveway, the house drain from the front build 
 ing may be extended to the rear building and the 
 whole will be considered as one house drain. 
 
 C. Connections with Cesspools. When a sewer h 
 not available, drain pipes from buildings may be 
 connected with cesspools or receiving vaults as 
 prescribed in this code; provided, however, that no 
 water closets shall be connected to a leaching cess* 
 pool. 
 
 D. Old House Sewers and Drains, Old house 
 sewers and drains may be used in connection witli 
 new buildings or new plumbing, only when they are! 
 found on examination and test to conform in all 
 respects to the requirements governing new sewers] 
 or drains, as prescribed in this code. If the old 
 work is found defective, the inspector shall notify 
 the owner to make the necessary changes to con- 
 form to this code. 
 
 E. House Drains Underground. All house drains! 
 
27 
 
 ill, wherever possible, be brought into the build- 
 r underground below the level of the basement 
 ^cellar floor. 
 
 F. Kind of Pipe. All house drains shall be of 
 fcra heavy cast iron pipe, with well-leaded and 
 ^Iked joints, or of earthenware pipe jointed with 
 ~>rtar composed of one part best Portland cement 
 d two parts clean sharp sand. 
 
 p. Drains to Curb. Where there is no sewer ac- 
 jssible the drainage of surface inlets and rain water 
 Wductors shall be drained separately to the curb 
 le where practicable by drain pipes not less than 
 jar (4) inches in diameter and discharge into the 
 "blic gutter, uless otherwise permitted by the 
 oper authority. 
 
 RL House Sewer. The house sewer, beginning 
 ree (3) to five (5) feet outside the building wall, 
 [ all consist of iron pipe (Section 8) or of earthen- 
 l ire pipes one (1) size larger. 
 
 fc They shall not be laid closer than three (3) feet 
 1 any exterior wall, cellar, basement, well or cis- 
 'rn, or less than two (2) feet deep. Change in di- 
 ction shall be made with long curves, one-eighth 
 [§) bends or Y's. 
 
 It. The interior of each length is to be made per- 
 ctly clean and free of cement before the next 
 iQgth is laid down. 
 
 ' J. Where the ground is made or filled in or badly 
 (aversed, by tree roots, especially under durably 
 ;ade pavements, the inspector may require extra 
 ;avy iron pipe with the joints properly caulked 
 ith lead. All vitrified pipes must be faultless 
 |ith good bells to insure right joints. 
 
 t 
 
28 
 
 YARD, SUBSOIL AND OTHER DRAINS. 
 
 Sec. 18. A. Drainage of Yards and Area 
 
 When yard and area drains are connected with th 
 house drains each shall be effectively trapped; o 
 the various drains from the yards and areas may b 
 connected together and be controlled by a singl 
 trap. 
 
 Traps shall be installed for drains which connec 
 directly with a sewer intended to carry surfac 
 water. 
 
 B. Earthenware Yard Drains. Barn, stable 
 yard and roof leader drains may be of earthenwar 
 and all such drains shall be trapped and connects 
 with the house sewer at any convenient point. 
 
 No earthenware yard drain, or drains fron 
 kitchen sinks shall be less than four (4) inches. 
 
 Overflow pipes from cisterns shall not conned 
 direct with any house sewer. 
 
 0. Subsoil Drains. Where subsoil drains at 
 placed under the cellar floor or used to encircle the 
 outer walls of a building, the same shall be made of 
 open jointed four (4) inch drain tile. 
 
 Open jointed drain tile shall be properly trapped 
 with a permanent w T ater seal before entering the 
 house drain. 
 
 D. Exhaust, Blow-Off and Drip Pipe Connections. 
 
 The exhaust, blow-off, sediment or drip pipe from a 
 steam boiler shall not connect directly with anv 
 sewer, drain, soil or waste pipe. Such pipes shall 
 discharge into the top and above the line of dis- 
 charge of a suitable closed tank or condenser made 
 of wrought or cast iron, provided with a relief. 
 
29 
 
 pipe, of at least three (3) inches in diameter, extend- 
 ing to the outer air above the roof. 
 
 The waste from said tank or condenser shall be 
 taken from the bottom and be at least one size 
 larger than the inlet, but not less than three (3) 
 inches in diameter, and provided with a trap that 
 has a seal of not less than twenty-four (24) inches 
 and wherever possible shall connect to the house 
 sewer and not to the house drain. 
 
 E. Hot Water Discharge Prohibited. Water 
 heated to over one hundred and forty (140) degrees 
 Fahrenheit, shall not be allowed to enter any street 
 sewer, drain or lateral. 
 
 When blow-off tanks discharge water at a higher 
 temperature they shall be provided with a cooling 
 device. 
 
 F. Elevator Connections. All direct connected 
 hydraulic elevators, lifts or pressure machines shaH 
 be provided with an intermediate tank of sufficient, 
 capacity so as to discharge its waste without pres- 
 sure into any sewer, drain, soil or waste pipe. Such 
 tanks shall be trapped and where there is danger 
 of back pressure from the sewer there shall be placed 
 on its outlet side a sewer or back-water valve. 
 
 ROOF, CONDUCTORS AND LEADERS 
 
 Sec. 19. A. Conductors Not to Connect . The 
 
 metallic conductors or roof leaders or downspout 
 wastes, and the surface and ground water drains, 
 wherever possible, shall be connected with a sewer. 
 
 B. Inside Conductors and Roof Leaders. When 
 placed within the walls of any building or run in 
 
30 
 
 an inner court, or ventilating or pipe shaft, all con- 
 ductors or roof leaders shall be constructed as pre- 
 scribed for soil pipe. 
 
 C. Connections with Conductors Prohibited. Con- 
 ductor pipes shall not be used as soil, waste or vent 
 pipes, nor shall any soil, waste or vent pipes be 
 used as conductors. 
 
 D. Defective Conductor Pipes. .When an exist- 
 ing sheet metal conductor pipe within the walls of 
 any building becomes defective, such conductor 
 shall be replaced by one which conforms to this 
 code. 
 
 E. Outside Conductors, When outside conduc- 
 tors or downspouts of sheet metal are connected with 
 the house drain, they shall be so connected by the 
 use of not less than one length of extra heavy cast 
 iron pipe extending vertically at least four (4) feet 
 above the grade line. 
 
 F. No storm water or roof water leader shall at 
 any time be led into or connected with the separate 
 or sanitary system of sewers, or led into or connected 
 with any soil pipe or house drain, or house sewer 
 tributary to the separate or sanitary system of 
 sewers. 
 
 G. Roof Extensions. All soil and waste pipes 
 receiving the discharge of any fixtures shall be ex- 
 tended the full calibre at least two (2) feet above 
 the roof and at least five (5) feet when such roof is 
 used for other purposes than weather covering the 
 building. 
 
 In no case shall a vent pipe through the roof be 
 less than four (4) inches in diameter nor more than 
 three (3) feet high. 
 
31 
 
 Change in diameter shall be made by long in- 
 creaser, at least one (1) foot below roof. 
 
 H. Roof Joints. The joint at the roof shall be 
 made water-tight by the use of the proper sheet cop- 
 per or lead plate, with a sleeve not less than six 
 (6) inches long made to fit the pipe tightly. Plate 
 shall be not less than one foot six inches (V 6") 
 square. 
 
 I. Terminals. The roof terminals of all vent 
 pipes shall be at least three (3) feet above any 
 door, window, scuttle or air shaft when located at 
 distances less than twelve (12) feet from such 
 terminal. 
 
 J. Terminals Adjoining High Buildings. No soil, 
 waste or vent pipe extension of any new or existing 
 building shall be run or placed on the outside of a 
 wall, but shall be carried up in the inside to the 
 roof. 
 
 In the event that a new building is built higher 
 than an existing building, the owner, of the new 
 building shall not locate windows within twelve (12) 
 feet of any existing vent stack on the lower build- 
 ing, unless the owner of such new building shall 
 defray the expenses of, or shall himself make such 
 alteration to conform with this section. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the owner of the lower 
 or existing building to make such alteration therein 
 upon the receipt in advance of money, or security 
 therefor, sufficient for the purpose, from the owner 
 of the new or higher building, or to permit at the 
 election of the owner of the new or higher building 
 the making of such alteration by the owner of said 
 new or higher building. 
 
32 
 
 SOIL, WASTE AND VENT PIPES 
 
 Sec. 20. A. Material Used. All main and 
 branch soil, waste and vent and back vent pipes 
 shall be of iron, lead, brass or copper. 
 
 B. Soil and Waste Pipe Stacks. Every building 
 in which water closets are installed shall have at 
 least one four (4) inch soil pipe stack extending 
 through the roof. 
 
 Where it is impractical to use four (4) inch soil 
 pipe for water closets, three (3) inch soil pipe may 
 be used for vertical stacks for the reception of 
 wastes from one water closet and three small fix- 
 tures, or one water closet and slop sink, or two 
 water closets, provided, that there is one four (4) 
 inch stack in the building and no part of the build- 
 ing in which the stack is placed shall be more than 
 three (3) stories in height. No vent pipe shall be 
 used as a waste or soil pipe. 
 
 C. Branch Soil and Waste Extensions. Any ver- 
 tical branch arising more than ten (10) feet or any 
 lateral branch running more than twenty-five (25) 
 feet from the main house drain, shall be continued 
 full size to a point above the roof, or may be re- 
 turned to the main, soil or waste vent pipe full size. 
 
 D. Vents; Length from Trap. For the purpose 
 of obtaining a direct rising vent from a vertical 
 waste line a fixture trap immediately under a small 
 fixture waste shall be placed not more than twenty- 
 four (24) inches from the vertical waste and vent 
 line, measured between the center of the waste out- 
 let of the fixture and the center of the waste and 
 vent, provided that the point of entry into the 
 
33 
 
 vertical waste line is not lower than the bend of the 
 trap. 
 
 For water closets, pedestal urinals, and trap stand- 
 ard slop sinks the distance allowed between the 
 waste opening in the floor or wall and back vent 
 shall not be more than twenty-four (24) inches de- 
 veloped length. 
 
 E. Main Vents. All main vents shall be run un- 
 diminished and connected full size at their base to 
 the main waste or soil pipe at or below the lowest 
 fixture branch and shall be extended above the roof. 
 They may be connected with the adjoining soil or 
 waste vent three (3) feet above the highest fixtures 
 on more than six (6) floors unless the size of pipe 
 be increased in diameter to the combined area of 
 the main soil and waste vents to be served. 
 
 F. Circuit, Loop and Continuous Vents. Every 
 branch soil or waste pipe to which a group of two 
 (2) and not more than eight (8) water closets, 
 pedestal urinals or trap standard slop sinks are con- 
 nected, may be vented by a circuit or loop vent, 
 provided such horizontal branch does not exceed 
 twenty-five (25) feet in length, and the fixtures are 
 within the prescribed twenty-four (24) inch limit 
 from the branch forming the circuit vent. Connec- 
 tions from such branch shall be taken from Y or 
 T-Y branches. The vent shall be taken off in front 
 of the last fixture connection, and must rise at an 
 angle of forty-five (45) degrees to vertical to a 
 point six (6) inches above the top of the highest 
 fixtures before offsetting horizontally or connecting 
 to the branch, main, waste or soil vent. 
 
34 
 
 Where fixtures discharge above such branch, each 
 branch shall be provided with a relief vent one-half 
 (Y2) the diameter of the soil or waste stack taken 
 off in front of the first fixture connection and raise 
 at an angle of forty-five (45) degrees to vertical 
 to a point six (6) inches above the top of the high- 
 est fixture before being offset horizontally or con- 
 necting to the branch, main, waste or soil vent. 
 
 The main soil or waste stack shall be offset at 
 every fourth story containing fixtures, immediately 
 below the branch, soil or waste connection. 
 
 The soil and waste pipes shall conform to the 
 sizes prescribed under Section 8. 
 
 The main vent pipe shall conform to, and the 
 branch vent pipe shall be one full size larger than 
 the sizes prescribed under Section 10. 
 
 Sec. 21. A. Branch Vent and Connections. All 
 
 branch vent and back vent pipes shall be free from 
 drops and sags and be so graded and connected as 
 to drip back to the soil or waste pipe by gravity. 
 
 On horizontal runs such connections shall be taken 
 off above the center lines as near the crown as 
 possible, and rise above such crown before being 
 offset horizontally. 
 
 Horizontal vents below the water line of the 
 fixture to be served shall be offset to vertical at 
 the nearest partition and the vertical run shall not 
 be connected less than six (6) inches above said 
 fixtures. 
 
 B. Common Vents for Fixtures. Where bath 
 rooms, water closets or other fixtures are located 
 on opposite sides of a wall or partition, or are di 
 rectly adjacent to each other in an inseparable 
 
35 
 
 dwelling, such fixtures may have a common soil or 
 waste pipe and vent pipe stack. 
 
 C. Traps Back Vented. Every fixture trap shall 
 be protected from siphonage and back pressure and 
 air circulation assured by means of a vent or back 
 vent pipe. 
 
 D. Back Venting Water Closets. No earthen- 
 ware fixture with trap combined shall be provided 
 with a back vent horn. Every water closet, pedestal 
 urinal and slop sink, when located more than three 
 (3) feet developed length from the soil stack, or 
 with other fixtures above them, shall be back vented 
 from the soil or waste branch, and preferably on 
 the top of the branch. When connected with Mie 
 vertical arm of the bend it shall be made above 
 the top of the horizontal branch. 
 
 E. Back Vents Not Required, (a) Where two 
 (2) water closets located on the same floor discharge 
 into a double sanitary T or T-Y in a soil or waste 
 stack, they need not be back vented if- such fix- 
 tures do not exceed the three (3) foot limit without 
 other fixtures above them. 
 
 (b) When two fixtures other than water closets 
 discharge into a double sanitary T or T-Y, and there 
 are no other fixtures discharging above them, said 
 fixtures may be back vented through a common vent 
 or back vent pipe. 
 
 (c) No back vents shall be required on a back 
 water trap or sub-soil catch basin trap. 
 
 (d) The waste of a bath tub basin, or sink, may 
 be connected to a Y or T-Y fitting between the 
 closet bend and the stack without reventing the 
 
36 
 
 closet bend providing there are no other fixtures 
 discharging above, or they may connect to the lead 
 bend where lead pipe is used under the bath room 
 floor. 
 
 (e) Cellar floor drains connecting to the house 
 drain in front of a soil or waste stack and provided 
 with a trap that has a water seal of not less than 
 three (3) inches, or discharges into the inlet side 
 of a downspout, trap, need not be back vented. 
 
 LOCATION OF FIXTURES 
 
 Sec. 22. A. No water closet, urinal or slop sink 
 shall be located in any room or apartment which 
 does not contain a window placed in an external 
 wall of the building, or is not provided with a sys- 
 tem of ventilation, said window shall open directly 
 upon the street or court of at least six (6) square 
 feet in area, the width of which shall not be less 
 than one foot. Said court must be located entirely 
 upon the same property as the building. Compart- 
 ments containing not more than four (4) water 
 closets or their equivalent shall be located in an 
 apartment containing windows placed in the ex- 
 ternal wall of the building or shall be provided with 
 a mechanical system of ventilation which will 
 change the air at normal temperature at least six 
 (6) times per hour. 
 
 B. Compartments containing more than four (4) 
 water closets or their equivalent, shall be located 
 either in an apartment containing windows and pro- 
 vided with a gravity or mechanical system of venti- 
 lation which will change the air at normal tempera- 
 ture not less than six (6) times per hour, or may 
 
37 
 
 placed in a compartment without windows in the 
 ;ernal wall of the building, providing a mechanical 
 *tem of ventilation is installed which will change 
 3 air at normal temperature not less than six (6) 
 res per hour. 
 
 Ventilation from toilet rooms shall be separate 
 i distinct and have no connection whatever with 
 3 other ventilating ducts in the building. 
 
 IFRIGERATOR, SAFE AND SPECIAL WASTES 
 
 Sec. 23. A. Refrigerator, Safe and Special 
 istes. No plumbing fixtures except a bar sink, 
 ital or fountain cuspidor, soda fountain, or drink- 
 i fountain shall be installed with an indirect waste 
 mection to the plumbing and drainage system, 
 e waste of every bar sink, dental or fountain 
 rpidor, soda fountain, and drinking fountain, if 
 j directly connected, shall discharge over a 
 )perly water supplied, trapped and vented sink, 
 may discharge into a cellar floor drain. The 
 e of the waste pipe shall conform to the table in 
 3tion 8. Each fixture opening shall be separately 
 >pped. 
 
 ^o back vents shall be required, but when fix- 
 es have a common waste pipe and are located 
 or above the second floor, the waste pipe shall be 
 ended throughout the roof. 
 
 ^loor drains, safe refrigerator, and ice box waste 
 •es shall be installed with an indirect connection 
 the plumbing and drainage system. They shall 
 charge over a properly water supplied, trapped 
 1 vented sink, publicly placed, not more than 
 ir (4) feet above the floor, or may discharge into 
 
38 
 
 a cellar floor drain. In no case shall any refri^ 
 erator or safe waste pipe discharge over a sink k 
 cated in a room used for living purposes. Eac 
 fixture opening shall be separately trapped. 
 
 B. Floor drains in toilet rooms shall be connecte 
 direct to soil stack or drain and back vented. 
 
 The branches or vertical lines shall be made b 
 Y or T-Y fittings and cleanouts provided to contrc 
 the horizontal part of the waste pipe. 
 
 This rule does not apply to any other fixture nc 
 will any other fixture be allowed. 
 
 O. Overflow Pipes. The overflow pipes from 
 water supply tank shall not be directly connecte 
 with any drain, soil or waste pipe. Such pipe sha 
 discharge upon the roof or be trapped into an ope 
 fixture and discharge. 
 
 D. Urinal Safes. Urinal platforms and saf( 
 shall not be directly connected with any drain, so, 
 or waste pipe, except when used in combinatic 
 with a urinal floor gutter. 
 
 The outlet of such gutter shall be provided wi^ 
 a brass strainer with arrangements for flushing tt 
 same while in use. 
 
 If such safe waste also serves as a floor was 
 outlet the trap shall be at least three (3) inches : 
 diameter. 
 
 E. Kitchen Wastes. Kitchen or other grea^ 
 wastes from hotels, restaurants, club houses, publ 
 institutions or other establishments in which nun 
 cooking is done or greasy wastes obtain, shall 1 
 intercepted by a catch-basin or a grease trap, ar 
 then conducted to the house sewer. 
 
39 
 
 F. Stable and Garage Wastes. All liquid wastes 
 rom barns, stables, garages, manure pits and stable 
 ards shall be intercepted before entering the sewer 
 y a suitable catch-basin, properly trapped. Said 
 a,tch-basin shall be provided with a vent not less 
 lan two (2) inches continued through the roof. 
 
 FIXTURES 
 
 i Sec. 24. A. Materials. All receptacles used for 
 ater closets, urinals or otherwise for the disposal 
 I human excreta, shall be either vitrified earthen- 
 are, hard natural stone or cast iron white porce- 
 in enameled on inside. If cast iron is used, it 
 >iall be enameled or painted on the outside with at 
 ast three (3) coats of non-absorbent and non- 
 erosive paint. 
 
 ! B. Water Closet Bowls. The bowls and traps for 
 ater closets shall be made in one piece and of such 
 [ iape and form as to hold a sufficient quantity of 
 ater when filled up to trap overflow so as'to com- 
 etely submerge any matter deposited in them and 
 ^operly flush and scour the soil pipe when the con- 
 (nts of the bowl are discharged, except that noth- 
 H in this section shall apply to latrin closets. 
 
 C. Visible Trap Seal. All water closets, pedestal 
 'inals or slop sinks with trap combined, shall have 
 rsible trap seals. 
 
 D. Flushing Rims. All water closets, or pedestal 
 inals shall be provided with flushing rims, con- 
 ducted so as to flush the entire interior surface of 
 
 e bowl thereof with water as prescribed in a 
 bsequent section of this title. 
 
40 
 
 E. Open Plumbing. All plumbing fixtures sha 
 be installed or set free and open from all enclosin 
 work. 
 
 All pipes from fixtures shall be run to the wa 
 where possible. This does not include water closet 
 pedestal urinals, or trap standard slop sinks. 
 
 F. Low Down Closets. Water closets with lo 
 down tanks shall be of syphon pattern provide 
 with refilling device. 
 
 G. Water Closets Prohibited. Pan, valv 
 plunger, offset, washout and other water closet 
 except latrines, have invisible seals or an unvent 
 lated space, or the walls of which are not thorough 
 washed at each discharge are prohibited. 
 
 Long hopper water closets and similar applianc 
 shall not hereafter be installed, except as provich 
 in Section 26. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall also app 
 to the dry closet system or other system of clost 
 in which the venting, back venting or local venti: 
 is to be made otherwise than in this code pi 
 scribed. 
 
 H. Urinals. All urinals, troughs or gutte 
 other than those heretofore prescribed, shall 
 constructed of materials impervious to moisture a 
 that will not corrode under the action of urii 
 When floor gutters are used as urinals the guttt 
 shall be made with Portland cement or other i 
 pervious material and the floor and walls with 
 five (5) feet of such gutter shall be made equa 
 water tight and impervious. In districts having 
 sewer connections copper or galvanized iron urii 
 
41 
 
 Roughs may be used in outhouses, sheds, barns aud 
 :/ yards and at least twenty (20) feet distant 
 ora any building of a better grade. 
 
 1 1. Wooden Trays and Sinks. Fixed wooden wash 
 ays or sinks are prohibited in any building or part 
 I building designed or used for human habitation, 
 j J. No new copper-lined wooden bath tub shall 
 I installed, nor shall any old fixture of this class 
 1 reconnected in any location where it had not 
 ten previously set. Any defective bath tub con- 
 tinued by the inspector shall be removed. 
 
 Sec. 25. A. Latrines and Range Closets. 
 
 ! atrine or range closets shall be made of cast iron 
 ith all interior surface white porcelain enameled 
 iid all other surfaces coated with non-corrosive 
 'lint; or, latrines or range closets may be of vitrous 
 irthenware thoroughly glazed. 
 
 ' Latrines or range closets shall have flushing rims 
 | other means of adequately flushing the front and 
 (ar inside surfaces constantly or at intervals. If 
 Bes are used for such purposes they shall be made 
 : brass. 
 
 B. Latrines or range closets shall be provided 
 ith automatic dumping tanks which shall dis- 
 large at intervals of not more than ten (10) min- 
 xes, and supply to each single urine or range 
 oset not less than ten (10) gallons of water at 
 tch discharge. The entire volume of water shall 
 f delivered at once at one end of the latrine, or 
 tnge closet, passing over the entire length of the 
 ; ime and discharging at the other end through the 
 wer trap. Latrines in school buildings shall be 
 
42 
 
 flushed at least every three minutes during recesl 
 periods. 
 
 The bottom of latrines or range closets shall 
 have a depression under the center of each seat! 
 that shall retain a body of water at least one an J 
 one-half (IV2) inches deep over an area of six 
 inches in diameter, gradually diminishing in all 
 directions so that the surface water retained shal 
 not be less than sixty (60) square inches. 
 
 There shall be an opening back of each sea 
 of not less than ten (10) square inches of area 
 covered by a screen of non-corroding material. 
 
 The local vent duct within four (4) feet 0 
 the floor line shall be of not less than No. 27 cop 
 per, with riveted and soldered joints, shall b 
 graduated in size in proportion to the fixture 
 added, and shall be installed in such a manner a 
 to be self-draining. 
 
 Where electric current or water pressure is avai' 
 able, local vent ducts shall be connected to a ver 
 tilating flue provided with an electric or hydrauli 
 exhaust fan of such capacity or sizes as to creat 
 sufficient draught to carry off all offensive odon 
 Where electric current or water pressure is nC| 
 available, ventilating flues with stack heaters sha 
 be provided. 
 
 Covers shall be so attached that all interior su: 
 faces of the latrines and range closets can bR 
 exposed to view. 
 
 No latrine or range closet shall have more tha 
 eight (8) compartments and each latrine or ran^ 
 closet shall have a separate trap not less than si 
 
43 
 
 6) inches with a four (4) inch cleanout which be 
 ack vented by a four-inch pipe. 
 
 I There shall be an iron top for each latrine or 
 tange closet section porcelain coated on the under 
 tide and each iron top shall be covered by a square 
 jak seat and lid properly re-enforced. 
 ! Wood seats shall be thoroughly painted on the 
 tottom and be varnished throughout, put together 
 dth brass hinges, cast iron braces and brackets 
 ,o make them close when not held up, and so 
 .quipped that they cannot be tampered with and 
 an be easily opened for cleaning. 
 
 Latrines and range closets shall be substantially 
 irpported and be graduated for the proper fall 
 jowards the outlet. 
 
 Sec. 26. A. Frost-Proof Closets; Where Permis- 
 ible. Frost-proof closets may only be installed in 
 ompartments which have no direct conection with 
 ny building used for human habitation or occu- 
 pancy. The soil pipe between the hopper and the 
 rap shall not be less than four (4) inches in diame- 
 er, and shall be either lead or cast iron. - 
 
 1 B. Water Supply to Fixtures. All water closets, 
 •rinals or other plumbing fixtures shall be provided 
 vith a sufficient supply of water for flushing, to 
 :'eep them in a proper and sanitary condition. 
 
 C. Water Closet Supply. No water closet or 
 ^rinal bowl shall be supplied directly from the 
 vater supply pipes, excepting anti-freezing closets, 
 ?f by an improved flushometer valve. Every 
 ^ater closet or urinal bowl shall be indirectly 
 lushed through a flushing tank of at least four 
 
44 
 
 (4) gallons capacity for each water closet, ai 
 two (2) gallons for each urinal. The tank shall 1 
 properly supplied with water and the flush pipe 
 the water closet or urinal shall be at least one ai 
 one-quarter (l 1 ^) inches in diameter, except f 
 outside hoppers and urinals. 
 
 D. Flushing Tanks; Groups of Fixtures. 
 
 group of urinals, on the same floor, subject to co 
 stant use as in schools and factories may be su 
 plied from one (1) tank, if provided with an aut 
 matic simultaneous flush provided that each i 
 dividual urinal shall receive not less than one ( 
 gallon of water at each flushing and the dischar, 
 of such force as to cleanse such individual be 
 at each flush. 
 
 E. Automatic Flushing Tanks. All urinals ha 
 ing either intermittent or automatic flushing < ; 
 vices shall be flushed at regular intervals not 
 exceed ten (10) minutes each during the hou 
 that such fixtures are in use. 
 
 F. Urinal Trough and Gutters. Urinal troug 
 and gutters shall be flushed either by an automat 
 flushing tank the same as required for individu 
 urinals, or may be flushed by a direct water supp 
 through a brass pipe carried the full length of t 
 trough, perforated every two (2) inches. 
 
 G. Flushing Tanks. All valves of flushing tan 
 shall be so fitted and adjusted as to prevent t 
 waste of water. The water from flushing tan 
 shall be used for no other purpose. 
 
45 
 
 TOILET ROOMS. 
 
 Sec. 27. A. Toilet Room Floors. All floors in 
 toilet rooms, water closet compartments, or any 
 other enclosure where plumbing fixtures are used 
 within the building, shall have a waterproof floor 
 and -base made of non-absorbent indestructible 
 waterproof material, viz., asphalt, glass, marble, 
 Portland cement, vitrified or glazed tile or terrazzo 
 or monolithic composition. 
 
 The base shall not be less than six (6) inches 
 high and shall have a sanitary cove at the floor 
 level. 
 
 Exceptions: In apartments, flats, tenements and 
 dwellings, where water closets are used in common 
 by two or more families, a water closet may be set 
 on a marble, stone or slate slab not less than seven- 
 eighths (%) inches thick, extending from the wall 
 to a point one (1) foot in front of the base of the 
 closet and not less than twenty-four (24) inches 
 in width. In apartments, flats, tenements and dwell- 
 ings where a toilet room is provided for each family, 
 water closets may be set directly in a. wood floor. 
 
 B. Sound Proof Partitions. Where toilet rooms 
 for males and females are adjacent to each other, 
 they shall be separated by sound-proof partitions 
 extending to the ceiling and the entrances shall be 
 screened and the traveling distance between them 
 shall not be less than twenty (20) feet. 
 
 C. Toilet Rooms, Doors and Covering. In all 
 
 buildings the outside partition of any water closet 
 or urinal apartment shall be solid and extend to 
 the ceiling or be independently ceiled over. When 
 
46 
 
 necessary to light such apartments the upper part 
 of the partitions shall be provided with translucent 
 glass. The interior partitions of such apartments 
 shall be dwarf partitions. 
 
 All urinals, urinal troughs or gutters shall be 
 divided into stalls not less than eighteen (18) 
 inches wide by partitions not less than four feet 
 six inches (4' 6") high, measuring from floor line, 
 and nine (9) inches wide, raised not less than one 
 
 (1) foot above the floor. 
 
 No room containing water closets or urinals shall 
 be less than seven (7) feet high. 
 
 INSPECTION AND TESTS 
 
 Sec. 28. A. Nature of Tests. All piping of a 
 drainage or plumbing system shall be given two 
 
 (2) tests by the plumbers in charge; first the 
 roughing-in with water, smoke or air test; second 
 and final with smoke in the presence of proper 
 authorities. 
 
 B. Material and Order of Test. The material 
 and labor for the tests shall be furnished by the. 
 plumber. 
 
 The tests shall be made in the following order: 
 Fisrt, the house drain; second, the soil and waste 
 vents and all vertical piping; third, the final on 
 the whole system. The first and second tests may 
 be combined. 
 
 C. House Drain. The house drain shall be tested 
 with water, smoke or air test. The water test 
 shall have ten (10) feet head of water, and the 
 smoke and air test a five (5) pound pressure. All 
 
47 
 
 alterations, repairs or extensions which shall in- 
 clude more than ten (10) feet shall be inspected 
 and tested. 
 
 D. Water and Air Test. Soil, waste, vent and 
 inside conductor pipe stacks, and all work known as 
 "rough" work between the house drain connections 
 to points above the finished floors and beyond the 
 finished face of the walls and partitions, shall be 
 tested with the water, air or smoke test when the 
 whole stack is completed and topped out above the 
 roof. 
 
 The water test shall be applied by closing the 
 opening at the outlet end of the house drain and 
 all openings in the piping, with proper testing 
 plugs, to the highest opening above the roof, and 
 completely filling the system with water, the water 
 columns to be left standing at least fifteen (15) 
 minutes; if the water level remains constant such 
 time the system shall have been acceptably tested. 
 
 When water is not available, or when there is 
 danger of freezing, the air or smoke test shall be 
 used with a pressure of five (5) pounds, using an 
 open mercury gauge with ten (10) inches of mer- 
 cury. 
 
 E. Stable, Garage and Yard Drains. For a 
 
 stable, garage or any part of a stable, the same 
 tests and inspection of the plumbing and drain- 
 age system thereof shall be made as in the case 
 of an ordinary dwelling. 
 
 F. Conductor Pipes. Conductor pipes and their 
 roof conections within the walls of buildings, or 
 conductor branches on the outside system, where 
 
48 
 
 such branches connect with the house drain or are 
 less than three (3) feet from the wall of the build- 
 ing shall be tested by the water test. 
 
 Conductor branches on the outside system may 
 be tested with the house drain. 
 
 G. Covering of Work. No part of any plumb- 
 ing or drainage system shall be covered until it has 
 been inspected, tested and approved. 
 
 H. Fixtures; Final Test. When a plumbing 
 drainage system is completed and the water is 
 turned on and the traps filled, it shall be inspected 
 and tested. When the location or style of any 
 fixture is changed it shall be inspected. 
 
 I. Smoke Test. The drainage system of all new 
 buildings and all new soil, waste or vent pipe 
 stacks hereafter installed in existing buildings 
 shall be given their final tests with smoke. 
 
 The smoke machine shall be connected to any 
 suitable opening or outlet in the system, and when 
 the system is completely filled with dense pungent 
 smoke, and the openings emit smoke they shall 
 be closed and an air pressure equivalent to a one 
 (1) inch water column shall be applied and left 
 standing at least ten (10) minutes. If there is no 
 leakage or forcing of trap seals, the system shall 
 be deemed air or gas tight. But nothing in this 
 section shall be so construed as to prevent the re- 
 moval of any cleanout, or unsealing of trap to 
 ascertain if the smoke has reached all parts of the 
 system. 
 
 J. Smoke Test Imperative. The smoke test 
 shall be used in testing the sanitary conditions of 
 
49 
 
 the drainage or plumbing system of all buildings, 
 where there is reason to believe that the plumbing 
 system has become dangerous or defective on ac- 
 count of settlement of the buildings or by abuse, 
 accident or other cause. 
 
 K. Defective Work. If tests show defects the 
 defective work or material shall be replaced within 
 three (3) days and the test again applied. In all 
 cases the inspector shall designate the points at 
 which the pressure shall be relieved or drawn off. 
 
 L. Repairs. Tests shall not be required after 
 the repairing or replacing of any old fixture, faucet 
 or valve by a new one, to be used for the same 
 purpose; forcing out stoppage, repairing leaks, or 
 reledving frozen pipes and fittings; but such re- 
 pairs or alterations shall not be construed to in- 
 clude cases where new vertical or horizontal lines 
 of waste, soil, vent or interior leader or conductor 
 pipes are used or their relative location changed, 
 provided that, in a building condemned by the 
 proper authorities because of unsanitary conditions 
 of the house drainage or plumbing shall be con- 
 sidered as coming under the head of repairs, but 
 all such house drainage or plumbing shall be done 
 as in case of new buildings. 
 
 No tests or inspections shall be required where 
 a house drainage and plumbing system or part 
 thereof is set up for exhibition purposes; nor shall 
 the final tests be required where the plumbing is 
 placed in an outhouse, stable or detached building 
 used exclusively for that purpose. 
 
50 
 
 CATCH BASINS 
 
 Sec. 29. A. Yard Catch Basins. Yard catch 
 basins which receive surface drainage or the dis- 
 charge from hydrants or waste pipes shall not be 
 less than twelve (12) inches in diameter and have 
 not less than a four (4) inch trapped outlet for 
 cleaning, placed below the frost line. Where the 
 inlet is liable to injury, the same shall be provided 
 with a heavy cast iron frame and strainer set flush 
 with the grade. 
 
 B. Subsoil Catch Basins. Subsoil catch basins, 
 located where the water fluctuation is such that 
 a constant water seal on the trap outlet is not 
 maintained, shall be located outside the walls of 
 the building, provided with a ball cock attached 
 to the water supply pipe for the maintenance of 
 such seal. The trapped outlet for such catch basin 
 shall be formed by turning a four (4) inch bend 
 or invert down into the water of the basin to 
 within six (6) inches of the bottom. 
 
 C. Kitchen Catch Basins. Catch basins for re- 
 ceiving kitchen wastes shall be constructed water- 
 tight, either of brick, concrete, tile or cast iron. 
 If of brick, tile or concrete they shall be at least 
 twenty (20) inches internal diameter, and be fin- 
 ished with a stone or iron cover. 
 
 D. Kitchen Catch Basins, Inverts and Traps. 
 
 The bottom of the catch basin shall be at least 
 two (2) feet below the four (4) inch invert of the 
 outlet to the sewer. 
 
 The outlets shall be trapped to a depth of twelve 
 (12) inches below the invert of the outlet to the 
 
51 
 
 sewer to prevent the escape of grease, by a hood or 
 trap of brick and cement mortar or a hood of con- 
 crete or cast iron. 
 
 The invert of the inlet to the catch basin, for 
 kitchen wastes, shall not be less than two and one- 
 half (2%) feet above the finished bottom of the 
 catch basin. 
 
 SUMPS AND EJECTORS 
 
 E. Drainage Below Sewer Level. In all build- 
 ings in which the whole or part of the house drain- 
 age and plumbing system thereof lies below the 
 crown level of the main sewer, sewage or house 
 wastes shall be lifted by artificial means and dis- 
 charged into the house sewer. 
 
 F. Sumps and Receiving Tanks. All sub-house 
 drains shall discharge into a perfectly air-tight 
 sump or receiving tank so located as to receive the 
 sewage by gravity, from which sump or receiving 
 tank the sewage shall be lifted and discharged into 
 the house sewer by pumps, ejectors or any equally 
 efficient method. 
 
 Such sumps shall be either automatically dis- 
 charged or be of sufficient capacity to receive the 
 house sewage and wastes for not less than twenty- 
 four (24) hours. 
 
 G. Ejectors Vented. The soil or waste pipe 
 leading to an ejector or other appliance for rais- 
 ing sewage or other waste matter to the street 
 sewer, shall, where a water closet or closets 
 are installed be provided with a soil or vent pipe 
 not less than four (4) inches in diameter and where 
 fixtures other than water closets are installed the 
 
52 
 
 vent pipes shall be the same diameter as the waste 
 pipe. 
 
 H. Motors, Compressors, Etc. All motors, air 
 compressors and air tanks shall be located where 
 they are open for inspection and repair at all times. 
 The air tanks shall be so proportioned as to be 
 of equal cubical capacity as the ejectors connected 
 therewith, in which there shall be maintained an air 
 pressure of not less than two (2) pounds for each 
 foot of height the sewage is to be raised. 
 
 I. Ejectors for Subsoil Drainage. When subsoil 
 catch basins are installed below the sewer level 
 automatic water ejectors provided with a ball float 
 attached to the main water supply shall be used. 
 
 Such ejectors or any device raising subsoil water 
 shall discharge into a properly trapped fixture. 
 
 CESSPOOLS. 
 
 Sec. 30. A. Cesspools Permitted. Tight or 
 
 leaching cesspools may be used to receive sewage 
 or other domestic wastes only when written permis- 
 sion to that effect has been secured from the local 
 board of health of the municipality in which the 
 same is constructed, if in a municipality, and if 
 not, then from the Ohio State Board of Health, and 
 such permission can be given only when a public 
 sewerage system is not available. 
 
 B. Cesspools Proribited. No cesspool for sew- 
 age shall be constructed where a sewer is available, 
 nor shall any connection from such cesspool be made 
 with any sewer. 
 
 Cesspools now existing in premises accessible to 
 a sewer shall be discontinued, emptied of their con- 
 
53 
 
 tents, cleaned out and be filled with earth or ashes 
 and the house sewer shall be disconnected from the 
 old cesspool and be reconnected with the public 
 sewer. 
 
 O. Sewage Cesspools. Where a public sewer is 
 not available, and written authority has been se- 
 cured from the proper board of health to construct 
 such cesspool and there is sufficient area for the 
 purpose, a water-tight cesspool may be used to re- 
 ceive sewage or other domestic wastes, which may 
 be overflowed to a leaching cesspool, providing there 
 is no danger of contaminating a water supply, well, 
 or spring, and the soil is of absorbent character. 
 Otherwise a tight cesspool only shall be used, or 
 sewage treatment works shall be constructed. 
 
 D. Tight Cesspools. A water-tight cesspool for 
 drainage shall not be less than six (6) feet in 
 diameter by ten (10) feet deep in clear, or equiva- 
 lent, built of cast iron, vitrified brick, eight (8) 
 inches thick laid in Portland cement mortar; or 
 Portland cement concrete eight (8) inches thick, and 
 made water-tight and maintained so. 
 
 E. Leaching Cesspools. A leaching cesspool 
 shall not be less than the dimensions of the water- 
 tight cesspool, lined with brick or stone, without 
 mortar. 
 
 F. Ring and Cover. Tight and leaching cess- 
 pools shall be provided with a twenty (20) inch 
 cast iron ring and cover. 
 
 G. Location of Cesspools. No tight cesspool 
 shall be placed within two (2) feet of any lot line 
 or twenty (20) feet of any building or water-tight 
 cistern or thirty feet from any well, spring or 
 
54 
 
 other source of water supply used for drinking or 
 culinary purposes. 
 
 No leaching cesspool shall be placed within one 
 hundred (100) feet of any dwelling or water-tight 
 cistern, or within three hundred (300) feet of the, 
 source of any water supply. 
 
 H. Cesspool Vents. Tight cesspools shall be 
 vented with four (4) inch vent pipe extending not 
 less than ten (10) feet above the ground and not 
 less than twenty (20) feet from any window, door 
 or other opening in buildings used for human habi- 
 tation. 
 
 I. Piping. The inlet and outlet of the tight cess- 
 pool shall be submerged at least one (1) foot be- 
 low the now line and shall be of the same size as 
 the house sewer. The piping between the tight and 
 leaching cesspool may be either of vitrified sewer 
 pipe or cast iron. 
 
 VAULTS 
 
 Sec. 31. A. Privy Vaults Permitted. Privy 
 vaults may be constructed only on premises where 
 water and sewers are not accessible. 
 
 B. Privy Vaults Prohibited. Privy vaults shall 
 not be constructed where a sewerage system is 
 available, nor on any lot where in cleaning, the 
 night soil would have to be carried through any 
 building of human habitation, nor shall any old 
 vault be connected to a sewer. 
 
 C. Location of Vault. No vault, manure pit, 
 open top * cesspool, septic tank or other reservoir 
 which is used as a privy or receptacle for human 
 
55 
 
 or animal excreta shall be located within two (2) 
 feet of any lot or alley line or twenty (20) feet 
 of any street line or any building of human habita- 
 tion or occupancy or within fifty (50) feet of any 
 cistern, well, spring or other source of water sup- 
 ply used for drinking or culinary purposes, whether 
 they are located on the same or an adjoining lot 
 or premises. 
 
 Exceptions: No privy vault shall be located 
 within fifty (50) feet of any school building. 
 
 D. Construction of Vaults. All vaults, pits or 
 other open-top reservoirs described, shall be made 
 of either brick or concrete eight (8) feet deep. 
 The walls of such vaults, if made of brick, shall 
 be of hard-burned sewer brick, not less than eight 
 (8) inches thick, laid in Portland cement mortar 
 and the walls plastered outside and inside with a 
 half (%) inch coat of Portland cement mortar, in 
 proportion of one part Portland cement and two 
 parts of clean, sharp sand. After this coating is 
 put on it shall be given one coat wash of liquid 
 Portland cement. The bottom shall be at least 
 three (3) brick course laid in cement mortar, or of 
 Portland cement concrete mortar eight (8) inches 
 thick. 
 
 When Portland cement concrete is used to con- 
 struct vaults, the walls shall be at least six (6) inches 
 thick, laid to a form, and the concrete shall be 
 made of one part of live Portland cement, three 
 parts of clean, sharp sand, five parts crushed stone, 
 free from dust, and of sizes between one-quarter 
 (^4) and one and one-half (1%) inches in largest 
 diameter, and shall be plastered and grouted inside 
 
56 
 
 and out as prescribed above for brick construction. 
 
 Vaults shall be made tight and their walls con- 
 tinued twelve (12) inches above the ground sur- 
 face to prevent surface drainage. No retempered 
 cement shall be used. 
 
 If the vault is used in connection with an out- 
 house, the vault shall be of such shape and size as 
 not to extend under any portion of the floor of the 
 said outhouse, but only under the space occupied 
 by the seats. Any portion of the vault extending 
 beyond the walls of the outhouse shall be covered 
 by a four (4) inch brick arch, four (4) inch stone 
 flagging, reinforced concrete slab or cast iron. 
 
 E. Outhouses. Over each privy vault, which 
 shall receive nothing but human excreta, there 
 shall be placed an outhouse constructed as pre- 
 scribed in Section — . 
 
 The seats shall be provided with self-closing 
 tight-fitting covers, and the space underneath shall 
 be ventilated by a vent pipe or box extending up- 
 ward through and three (3) feet above the roof. 
 Such vent pipe shall be at least six (6) inches 
 square for every square yard or part thereof of 
 vault surface. 
 
 F. Cleanout Doors. Vaults shall be provided 
 with a cleanout extension not less than two (2) by 
 one and one-half (1%) feet in size, connecting di- 
 rectly with the vault. 
 
 The cleanout opening shall be provided with a 
 trap door the full size of the cleanout. The clean- 
 out extension shall extend at least one (1) foot 
 above the grade line. 
 
57 
 
 G. Floors. Floors of outhouses shall be made 
 tight. 
 
 H. Outhouses for Different Sexes. Where out- 
 houses are provided for the different sexes, if lo- 
 cated within forty (40) feet of each other, the 
 walks or approaches thereto shall be separated by 
 a tight fence, at least six (6) feet high, but in 
 no case shall such outhouses be located within ten 
 (10) feet of each other. 
 
 Sec. 32. No master plumber or sewer tapper and 
 builder shall allow the use of his, or their, name, 
 by any person or persons, directly or indirectly, 
 for the purpose of obtaining a permit or permits to 
 do any plumbing or drainage work. 
 
 Sec. 33. A. Defective material and drainage 
 work poorly constructed, or which does not conform 
 to these rules and regulations shall be removed 
 by the plumber or sewer builder, when condemned 
 by the inspector of buildings. 
 
 B. No wax, paraffine, plaster, salamoniac, sand 
 or other improper substance shall be used about 
 any of the drainage systems, and the presence of 
 any foreign substance about a joint or any part of 
 a drainage system before the work has been ac- 
 cepted by the inspector, shall be sufficient cause 
 for condemning such joint or part of said system. 
 
 C. Any split fitting, hub, defective materials, 
 not as specified in these rules and regulations, 
 which shall have been condemned by the inspector, 
 shall be removed from the work and not used again. 
 
 D. Any failure on the part of the plumber or 
 sewer builder to correct the fault within a reason- 
 
58 
 
 able time after notification to do so from the in- 
 spector of buildings, shall be deemed sufficient 
 cause for suspension of license until final disposi- 
 tion of the complaint filed against him with the 
 board of examiners of plumbers. 
 
 Sec. 34. Each section of this ordinance is hereby 
 declared to be independent sections and the holding 
 of any section, or part thereof, to be void and in- 
 effective for any cause, shall not be deemed to effect 
 any other sections, or part thereof, of this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 35. Any person, persons, firm, partnership, 
 corporation or corporations, who shall violate any 
 of the provisions of this ordinance or any section 
 or any clause or provision of any section of this 
 ordinance, or who shall fail to comply with any of 
 the requirements thereof, or who shall assist in such 
 violation, shall, for each and every violation of 
 non-compliance, be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, 
 and upon conviction thereof, be fined in any sum 
 not less than five ($5.00) dollars nor more than 
 fifty ($50.00) dollars. 
 
 Sec. 36. Each and every day's continued viola- 
 tion of this ordinance or any of the provisions 
 thereof, shall constitute a separate and distinct 
 offense. 
 
 Sec. 37. All ordinances, or parts of ordinances, 
 inconsistent with any part of this ordinance, are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 38. This ordinance shall take effect and be 
 in force from and after the earliest period allowed 
 by law. 
 
Passed, January 30, 1916. 
 
 A. E. GROT 
 President of 
 
 Approved, January 30, 1916. 
 
 GEORGE J. KARB 
 
 Attest: JAS. J. THOMAS, City Cierk. 
 
 Approved: BOARD OF HEALTH. 
 
 59 
 I, 1916. 
 
 A. E. GRIFFIN, 
 President of Council. 
 
 30, 1916. 
 
 GEORGE J. KARB, Mayor. 
 
 CIRCUMFERENCE AND AREAS OF CIRCLES 
 FROM iy 4 TO 12. 
 
 Diameter ' Circumference Area 
 
 3.9260 1.2272 
 
 IW 4.7124 1.7671 
 
 2 " 6.2832 3.1416 
 
 2%" 7.8540 4.9087 
 
 3 " 9.4248 7.0686 
 
 3V 2 " 10.9956 9.6211 
 
 4 " 12.5664 12.5664 
 
 5 " . , . . . 15.7080 19.6350 
 
 6 " 18.8496 28.2744 
 
 7 " 21.9912 38.4846 
 
 8 " 25.1328 50.2656 
 
 9 " 28.2744 63.6174 
 
 10 " 31.4160 78.540 
 
 11 " 34.5576 95.033 
 
 12 " 37.6992 113.098 
 
60 
 
 AN ORDINANCE No. 25356, To provide for the 
 licensing of plumbers in the City of Columbus, 
 and to repeal certain ordinances therein named. 
 Be it ordained by the Council of the City of Co- 
 lumbus, State of Ohio: 
 
 Section 1. No person shall hereafter follow, en- 
 gage in or work at the trade or occupation of plumb- 
 ing in the city, either as master plumber or journey- 
 man plumber, until he shall have first procured a 
 license therefor in accordance with the provisions 
 of this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 2. Any person desiring to follow, engage in 
 or work at the trade or occupation of plumbing 
 in the city, either as master plumber or journey- 
 man plumber, shall make application to the Board 
 of Examiners, hereinafter provided for, and shall, 
 at such time and place as such board may designate, 
 undergo such examination as the Board of Exam- 
 iners may direct, as to his qualifications and com- 
 petency to do such work. 
 
 Sec. 3. There is hereby created a Board of Ex- 
 aminers of plumbers, consisting of the Health Of- 
 ficer, the Inspector of Buildings and three (3) other 
 members, two of whom shall be master plumbers 
 and one a journeyman plumber. The Health Officer 
 and Inspector of Buildings, the latter of whom shall 
 be the secretary of the board, shall be members ex- 
 officio of such examining board and serve without 
 compensation. The other members shall be ap- 
 pointed by the Mayor within thirty (30) days after 
 the taking effect of this ordinance and shall serve 
 for the remainder of the year 1910, and it shall 
 be the duty of the Mayor, on or before the first 
 
61 
 
 lay of January, 1911, and on or before the first 
 lay of January of each succeeding year, to appoint 
 said three members, and after January 1, 1911, 
 the terms of said members so appointed shall be 
 Dne year; provided, however, that the Mayor may 
 remove any of the three appointed members for in- 
 efficiency, neglect of duty, malfeasance or mis- 
 conduct in office, before the expiration of the year. 
 Said appointed members shall severally be paid the 
 sum of Five ($5.00) Dollars for each day or part 
 thereof spent in the performance of the duties of 
 such office, but such compensation shall never ex- 
 ceed the sum of Twenty-five ($25.00) Dollars for 
 any month for any of said appointed members. 
 
 Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the secretary, 
 provided for in Section 3, to preserve and keep all 
 records, books and papers which are required by 
 ordinance or by the board to be kept by or filed 
 with said board, and perform such other duties as 
 Imay be required by the board. 
 
 Sec. 5. Said Board of Examiners shall, within 
 thirty (30) days after the appointment of said mem- 
 bers, meet and organize by the selection of a chair- 
 man, and they shall designate the time and place 
 for the examination of applicants for license. A 
 majority of the members shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of business, and it shall require 
 \ the concurrence of a majority of all members to 
 ! grant or revoke any license. Said board shall ex- 
 amine applicants for a master plumber's license as 
 to their practical and theoretical knowledge of 
 plumbing, house drainage and ventilation, and also 
 as to their ability to lay out plumbing work. All 
 
62 
 
 applicants for a journeyman plumber 's license shall 
 be, by such board, examined as to their practical 
 knowledge of and mechanical competency in the 
 performance of plumbing work. All applicants, 
 whether for a master 's or journeyman's license, 
 shall be examined as to their knowledge of the 
 ordinances of the city regulating such work. Such 
 examination may be made in whole or in part in 
 writing. If satisfied of the competency of the ap- 
 plicant, from such examination, the board shall so 
 certify, and whether as master plumber or journey- 
 man plumber, to the City Auditor. And he shall, 
 upon the payment by the applicant into the City 
 Treasury of the fee hereinafter prescribed, issue 
 to such applicant a license in accordance with such 
 certificate, authorizing him to follow, engage in or 
 work at the trade or occupation of plumbing in the 
 city in the capacity specified in such license. Any 
 applicant who fails to pass the examination shall 
 be ineligible to re-examination for a period of 
 three (3) months. 
 
 The fee for the license as master plumber shall 
 be Twenty-five ($25.00) Dollars, and for the license 
 as journeyman plumber shall be Five ($5.00) Dol- 
 lars. Such license shall expire on the 31st day of 
 December in each year. Provided that for any 
 license issued on or after the first day of July in 
 any year, one-half the above rates shall be charged. 
 A license as master plumber shall be renewed an- 
 nually upon payment of a fee of Twenty-five 
 ($25.00) Dollars for each renewal, and a license as 
 journeyman plumber shall be renewed annually on 
 the payment of a fee of Five ($5.00) Dollars for 
 each renewal. 
 
63 
 
 Sec. 6. A master plumber desiring to engage in 
 or perform any of the work comprehended in Sec- 
 tion 1 of this ordinance, shall make application in 
 writing to the Board of Examiners in the City of 
 Columbus, on a printed form to be furnished by 
 said board. The applicants shall furnish, after 
 they have successfully passed the examination here- 
 inabove provided for, and before the issuance of 
 the license herein provided for, a bond to the ap- 
 proval of said board of the penal sum, of Five Hun- 
 dred ($500.00) Dollars, condition to reimburse said 
 City of Columbus for all actual damages caused by 
 any act or omission of said plumber, to any property 
 which the city may own or for which it may be 
 responsible, and to hold said City of Columbus free 
 and harmless from all claims for damages on ac- 
 count of negligence or misfeasance of the plumber, 
 and from all cost and expense growing out of the 
 defense of such claims. Said bond is to be in force 
 from the date of its acceptance and the issuance of 
 license by said board, to the end of the year cov- 
 ered by said license, and must be renewed annually 
 on the re-issuance of the license. 
 
 Sec. 7. Any license provided for *in this or- 
 dinance may at any time be revoked for incompe- 
 tency, fraudulent use thereof, or violation of the 
 law of the State of Ohio, or the ordinance of the 
 City of Columbus, relative to building and plumb- 
 ing, after a full and fair hearing by the examining 
 board. After revocation for any of the causes 
 aforesaid, no license shall be issued to such party 
 until at least six (6) months shall have elapsed. 
 In all cases of revocation, an examination shall be 
 
64 
 
 had as in the case of original application. In any 
 case of such re-issuance of license, the same fee 
 shall be required as specified in Section 5 of this 
 ordinance for original licenses. 
 
 Sec. 8. All money derived from the licensing 
 of applicants shall go to the credit of the general 
 fund. 
 
 Sec, 9. Any person violating any provision of 
 this ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misde- 
 meanor and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined 
 not less than Five ($5.00) Dollars, nor more than 
 One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars. 
 
 Sec. 10. Ordinance No. 23482, passed Septem- 
 ber 16, 1907, together with all ordinances or parts 
 of ordinances conflicting with this ordinance, shall 
 be, and the same are, hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 11. This ordinance shal] take effect and be 
 in force from and after the earliest period allowed 
 by law. 
 
 Passed December 8, 1910. 
 
 DAVID T. LOGAN, 
 President of Council. 
 
 Approved December 17, 1910. 
 
 GEO. S. MARSHALL, Mayor. 
 
 Attest: JOHN T. BARE, Clerk. 
 
65 
 
 AN ORDINANCE No. 27694. To provide for the 
 licensing of sewer tappers and builders in the 
 City of Columbus, Ohio, and to repeal Ordinance 
 No. 23564, passed October 21, 1907. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Council of the City of Co- 
 lumbus, State of Ohio: 
 
 Section 1. That it shall be unlawful for any per- 
 son, firm or corporation to engage in the business 
 of sewer tapping and sewer building, or to open or 
 tap any sewer in any street, alley, public or private 
 places in the City of Columbus, Ohio, without first 
 securing a license to engage in said business. 
 
 Sec. 2. That any person, firm or corporation de- 
 siring to conduct, carry on or engage in the business 
 of sewer tapping and sewer building in the City 
 of Columbus, shall make application to the board of 
 examiners of plumbers and shall at such time and 
 place as such board shall designate, undergo such ex- 
 aminations as the examiners may direct as to his 
 qualifications and competency to enable him to 
 conduct, carry on and engage in the business of 
 sewer tapping and sewer building. Such examina- 
 tion may be made in whole or in part- in writing, 
 if satisfied of the competency of the applicant; 
 from such examination the board shall so certify to 
 the city auditor, and he shall, upon the payment 
 by the applicant to the city treasurer of the fee 
 hereinafter prescribed, issue to such applicant ' a 
 license in accordance with such certificate, author- 
 izing him to conduct, carry on or engage in the 
 business of sewer tapping and sewer building. Any 
 applicant who fails to pass the examination shall 
 
66 
 
 be ineligible to re-examination for a period of 
 three (3) months. 
 
 Sec. 3. That any license provided for in this 
 ordinance may, at any time be revoked for in- 
 competency, fraudulent use thereof, or violation of 
 the law of the state of Ohio, or the ordinance of 
 the City of Columbus, relative to sewer tapping 
 and sewer building, after a full and fair hearing by 
 the examining board. After revocation for any of 
 the causes aforesaid, no license shall be issued to 
 such party until at least six (6) months shall have 
 elapsed. In all cases of revocation, an examination 
 shall be had as in the case of original application. 
 In any case of such reissuance of license, the same 
 fee shall be required as specified in Section 6 of 
 this ordinance for original licenses. 
 
 Sec. 4. All sewers shall be laid as nearly straight 
 as possible and to a uniform grade, and shall be 
 laid to a line when so ordered by the city engineer 
 or building inspector. 
 
 Sec. 5. Every person desiring to engage in said 
 business shall annually obtain a license therefor, 
 and no such license shall be issued until the party 
 applying therefor shall have given a bond in the 
 sum of Five Hundred ($500.00) Dollars, with good 
 and sufficient surety to the approval of said board 
 of examiners of plumbers, conditioned that said 
 party will pay any and all damages which may 
 happen to any tree, pavement, street, sidewalk, or 
 sewer, or to any telegraph, telephone or electric 
 light pole or wire belonging to said city, whether 
 said damage or injury shall be inflicted by said 
 party or by his agents, employes or workmen, and 
 
67 
 
 conditioned also that said party shall save and in- 
 demnify and keep harmless said city against all 
 liability, judgment, damages, costs and expense 
 which may, in any case, accrue against said city 
 in consequence of the granting of such license, and 
 will fully and completely restore to its original con- 
 dition, to the satisfaction of the board of public 
 service, any and all streets, pavements and sewers, 
 which may be opened or disturbed by said party, 
 I and will, in all things, strictly comply with the 
 conditions and provisions of the ordinances of said 
 city relating to sewer tapping and sewer building, 
 and with the conditions of any permit issued pur- 
 suant thereto. 
 
 Sec. 6. The fee of such yearly license shall be 
 the sum of Five ($5.00) Dollars, and such fees 
 shall by said treasurer be credited to the pubUc 
 service fund. 
 
 Sec. 7. Whoever violates any of the provisions 
 of this ordinance shall be fined not less than $25.00 
 nor more than $500.00. 
 
 Sec. 8. That Ordinance No. 23564, passed Oc- 
 tober 21, 1907 be, and the same is, hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 9. This ordinance shall take effect and be 
 in force from and after the earliest period allowed 
 by law. 
 
 Passed November 17, 1913. 
 
 E. M. BALDBIDGE, 
 President Pro Tern, of Council. 
 
 Approved November 17, 1913. 
 
 DAVID T. LOGAN, Acting Mayor. 
 
 Attest: JOHN T. BABE, Clerk. 
 
68 
 
 A SEC. 
 
 Air Circulation Assured 21 
 
 Areas of Circles Page 59 
 
 B 
 
 Bar Waste 23 
 
 Bar Waste, Size of , 8 
 
 Brass Ferrules 12 
 
 Brass Soldering Nipples 12 
 
 Brass Pipe and Fittings 12 
 
 Brass Floor Flanges 13 
 
 Blow-Off, Connections 18 
 
 Brass Bushings 13 
 
 Branch, Soil and Waste Extension 20 
 
 Branch Vents and Connections 21 
 
 Bath Tubs, Wooden, Prohibited 24 
 
 C 
 
 Cast Iron Pipe 11 
 
 Cast Iron Fittings 11-16 
 
 Catch Basins 29 
 
 Cellar Drains 14 
 
 Change of Directions 16 
 
 Cesspools, Tight anl Leaching 30 
 
 Circuit and Loop Vent 20 
 
 Cleanouts 15 
 
 Connections 6-13 
 
 Conductors and Leaders 39 
 
 Covering of Work. 16-28 
 
 D 
 
 Defiiuition of Terms Page 3 
 
 Defective Materials 33 
 
 Drainage Excavations 16 
 
 Drinking Fountains 23 
 
 Duties of Plumbers 7 
 
69 
 
 E SEC. 
 
 Earthenware Pipe 11 
 
 Exhaust and Blow-Off 18 
 
 Ejectors 29 
 
 Elevator Connections 18 
 
 F 
 
 Fees, Plumbing Permits 1 
 
 Fees, Sewer Permits 2 
 
 Fixture Defined 14 
 
 Fixture Materials 24 
 
 Fittings, Cast Iron 11-16 
 
 Fittings, For Soil, Waste and Vent 11 
 
 Fittings Prohibited 16 
 
 Ferrules, Brass 12 
 
 Floor Drains 23 
 
 Floor Drains in Toilet Eooms 23 
 
 Flushing Tanks 26 
 
 Frost-Proof of Closets 26 
 
 Fixtures, To Connect 6 
 
 Fixtures, Not to Connect 23 
 
 G 
 
 General Begulations 16 
 
 Grade of Pipes - 16 
 
 Garage Drains 23 
 
 H 
 
 House Drainage System 3 
 
 House Drains 17 
 
 House Drains, Underground 17 
 
 House Drains, Kind of Pipe 17 
 
 House Sewers , 17 
 
 House Sewers, Independent 17 
 
70 
 
 I SEC. 
 
 Independent Systems 17 
 
 Inspections and Tests 28 
 
 Increasers 16-19 
 
 Ice Box Waste 23 
 
 Independent Sections 34 
 
 J 
 
 Joints and Connections 13 
 
 Joints, Full Wiped 13 
 
 K 
 
 Kitchen Waste 23 
 
 L 
 
 Lead Pipe 11 
 
 Latrines and Eange Closets 25 
 
 Location of Fixtures 22 
 
 Loop Vent 20 
 
 M 
 
 Materials, Quality, Weights 11 
 
 Materials, For Soil, Waste and Vent 11 
 
 Materials for House Sewer 11-17 
 
 Main Vents 20 
 
 O 
 
 Open Plumbing 24 
 
 Open Drains 23 
 
 Overflow from Cisterns Prohibited 18 
 
 Old House Sewer. 17 
 
 P 
 
 Permits and Plans : 7 
 
 Permits and Fees 1- 2 
 
 Pipe, Cast Iron, Lead 11 
 
 Pipe, Earthenware 11 
 
 Pipe, Wrought Iron, Steel 11 
 
71 
 
 R SEC. 
 
 Refrigerator Waste 23 
 
 Refrigerator Waste, Size of 8 
 
 Eoof Conductors 19 
 
 Roof Flanges 19 
 
 Roof Terminals for Vent Pipe 19 
 
 Roof Joints 19 
 
 j Rules and Regulations, Apply to 5 
 
 Roof Extensions 19 
 
 S 
 
 I Size of Pipes 8 
 
 I Size of Traps and Waste 9 
 
 R Size of Vents 10 
 
 B Single Fixture Defined 14 
 
 I Soil, Waste and Vent Pipe 20 
 
 H Soil Pipe, Size of 8 
 
 f Slip Joints Prohibited 13 
 
 Stable and Garage Drains 23 
 
 [■ Subsoil Drains 18 
 
 * Sumps and Ejectors 29 
 
 T 
 
 Traps and Oleanouts 14 
 
 Traps Vented : 21 
 
 Traps, Seal 14 
 
 s Traps, Screw Protected 14 
 
 Toilet Rooms 27 
 
 Tests and Inspections 28 
 
 | U 
 
 Urinals 24 
 
 Urinals, Trough and Gutters 26 
 
 ) Urinal Flushing Tanks 26 
 
 Unions , , f , 13 
 
72 
 
 V SEC. 
 
 Vent Pipes, Side of 10 
 
 Vent Pipes, Main 20 
 
 Vent Pipes, Eoof Terminals 19 
 
 Vent Pipes, Length from Traps 20 
 
 Vent Pipes, Length from Top Closets 21 « 
 
 Vent Pipes, Branches and Connections 21 
 
 Vent not Required 21 
 
 Vent Pipes on Outside of Walls Prohibited. ... 19 
 
 Ventilation of Toilet Rooms 22 < 
 
 Vent, Circuit and Loop 20 
 
 Vaults 31 
 
 W 
 
 Waste Pipe, Size of 8 
 
 Waste Pipe, Connect to Lead Bend 21 
 
 Water Closets, Materials 24 
 
 Water Closets, Frost-proof 1 26 
 
 Water Closets, Prohibited 24 
 
 Water Closets, Location of 22 
 
 Water Closets, Floors of 27 
 
 Water Supply to Fixtures 26 
 
 Water-tight Connections 6 
 
 Wiped Joints 13 
 
 Windows in Toilet Rooms 22 
 
 Wooden Wash Trays and Sinks 24 
 
 Wooden Bath Tubs 24 
 
 Wrought Iron and Mild Steel Pipe 11 
 
 Y 
 
 Yard Drains 18 
 
 Yard Subsoil Prains 18