ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3 3051 00000 2836 jWW fUG O*** n.***** \ ^ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/oilfieldsofcrawf22blat ILjijllNV^lO Olrt ir> VJ F^KJ l.UUH_ f\ .L, OL x» R IX E RXE R XI E R XIV W RXIIIW R R XI W R X W MANZ-CHICAGO Map showing the oil and gas fields of Southeastern Illinois and the quadrangles covered by this report. STATE OF ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FRANK W. DeWOLF, Director BULLETIN No. 22 THE OIL FIELDS OF Crawford and Lawrence Counties BY RAYMOND S. BLATCHLEY URBANA University of Illinois 19 13 Springfield, III. Illinois Statb Journal Co.., Stat* Printi 19 13 STATE GEOLOGICAL COMMISSION. Edward F. Dunne, Chairman, Governor of Illinois. Thomas C. Chambeblin, Vice-Chairman. Edmund J. James, Secretary, President of the University of Illinois. Feank W. DeWolf, Director. Feed H. Kay, Ass't. State Geologist. CONTENTS. Chapter I. Historical, Theoretical, and Geological Aspects of the Illinois Fields. Page. Object of report 11 Methods of study 11 Acknowledgments 12 Historical review of oil developments in Illinois 12 Original and accumulation of oil 16 Origin of oil 16 The inorganic theory 16 The organic theory 17 Circulation and accumulation of oil 18 General considerations 18 The porous stratum 21 Impervious cover 22 Geological structure 22 Water saturation 24 General geology of Illinois relating to oil and gas 24 Introduction 24 Stratigraphy 25 Areal extent of the formations and oil sands 27 Structure 32 Stratigraphy of Crawford and Lawrence counties 32 General statement 32 Crawford county 32 Logs 33 Stratigraphy 52 Pleistocene 52 Pennsylvanian 53 McLeansboro formation 53 Carbondale formation 53 Pottsville formation 54 Lawrence county 54 Logs 54 Stratigraphy 82 Pleistocene 82 Pennsylvanian 82 McLeansboro and Carbondale formations 82 Pottsville formation 82 Mississippian 83 Birdsville and Tribune formations (upper portion of Chester group) 83 Ste. Genevieve formation 84 St. Louis formation 85 Chapter II. General Description of Features of the Main Oil Fields. Introduction 86 Field work 86 Topographic surveys of the area 86 Levels in the oil fields 87 Hardinville quadrangle 87 Sumner quadrangle 89 Contents — Continued. Page. Field work— Concluded. Geographic positions of quadrangles 91 Hardinville quadrangle 91 Sumner quadrangle 93 Vincennes quadrangle 93 Elevations of oil wells 94 Collection of well records 94 Geological aspects 95 General statement 95 Local names of sands 95 Correlation of sands 95 Altitudes of sands 95 Tables of well data 96 Contour maps 96 Cross-sections . : 96 Chapter III. Detailed Geology of the Crawford County Field. General features of the oil field 97 Detailed structure of the district 99 Relations of structure to oil and gas 100 Relations of salt water to structure 103 Conclusion 104 Chapter IV. Detailed Geology of the Lawrence County Field. General features of the oil field 105 Detailed structure of the district 106 The "shallow" sand 1 106 Bridgeport sand 106 Buchanan sand 107 Detailed structure 107 "Gas" sand % 108 Detailed structure 109 Kirkwood sand 109 Detailed structure 110 Tracey sand Ill Detailed structure 112 McCloskey sand 112 Detailed structure 113 Cross-sections 114 General statement 114 Cross-section A-A 114 Logs 115 Cross-section B-B 123 Logs 123 Cross-section C-C 125 Logs 125 Cross-section D-D 130 Logs 130 Relations of structure to oil and gas 135 Oil 135 Petty township 136 Bridgeport township 137 Lawrence township 137 Dennison township ' 137 Gas 138 Petty township 139 Bridgeport township 139 Lawrence township 140 Dennison township 140 Contents — Concluded. Page. Relations of structure to salt water 14 ° 140 Petty township Bridgeport township 14 ° Lawrence township 14 ° Dennison township Chapter V. General Summary of Geological Conditions in Crawford and Lawrence Counties. General statement General structure of the region of the LaSalle anticline 142 Detailed features of the fields '- Prospective pools : Chapter VI. Economic Features of the Illinois Fields. 145 Introduction " Development of oil properties Forenote - : 14Q Leasing * Choosing a well-site Drilling JJ Shooting a well ^ Lease equipment 15 Cleaning out and tubing the well 157 Tanks \f Loading racks Power and boiler houses •• 158 Pull-rods and pumping discs 159 Pumping jacks j^ 9 Removal of salt water and steaming oil 159 The approximate cost of oil wells 160 The cost of operating a lease 161 Investmentsin oil properties • j*^ Buying, transporting, and storing oil Buying oil ^ Transport'ng the oil Storing the oil jjjjj Independent oil companies Prices and pipe-line runs of Illinois oil 167 Prices of Illinois oil 167 Pine-line runs and stocks of Illinois oil 169 1 fiQ Summary tables Natural gas in Illinois jjjj Tables of well data (appendix) ILLUSTRATIONS. Plate. Page . 1A. Map showing the oil and gas fields of Southeastern Illinois and the quadrangles cov- ered by this report Frontispiece IB. Section across southern Illinois through, Monroe, Clinton and Lawrence counties 32 II. Columnar sections in Crawford county 34 III A. Columnar sections in Lawrence county 54 IIIB . Diagram showing correlation of the Robinson and Bridgeport sands 84 IV. Base map of the Crawford county oil field— Southern half— showing developments to Jan. 1, 1909 Pocket V. Crawford county oil field showing structure contours on top of the Robinson sand — first lens Pocket VI. Base map of the Lawrence county oil field showing development to July 1, 1911 Pocket VII. Lawrence county oil field showing structure contours on top of the Buchanan sand . Pocket VIII. Lawrence county oil field showing structure contours on top of the " Gas " sand Pocket IX. Lawrence county oil field showing structure contours on top of the Kirkwood sand . Pocket X. Lawrence county oil field showing structure contours on top of the Tracey sand Pocket XL Lawrence county oil field showing structure contours on top of the McClosky sand. . Pocket XII. A-A longitudinal section, Lawrence county, along the crest of the LaSalle anticline and through the center of the field 116 XIII. B-B cross-section, Lawrence county, across the northern end of the oil field 124 XIV. C-C cross-section, Lawrence county, across the structural dome in Petty township. . 126 XV. D-D cross-section, Lawrence county, across the southern end of the oil field 132 XVI. The standard derrick 146 XVII. The steel derrick 148 XVIII. A— A nitroglycerine plant 150 B A storage magazine for nitroglycerine 150 XIX. A— Oil tanks under shed 152 B— A pumping disc 152 XX. A— A modern tank-car loading rack 154 JS— An early tank-car loading rack 154 XXI. A— A power or pumping house 156 B— A boiler house 156 XXII. A— The standard pumping jack 158 B— The steel pumping jack 158 XXIII. A— A third type of pumping jacks 160 B— A town lot well in Bridgeport, 111 160 XXIV. A— A waste pit for burning waste oil 162 B— The effect of fire from waste oil on streams 162 XXV. A— The Ohio Oil Company's pumping station, Stoy, 111 164 B — The Tidewater Pipe Line Company's pumping station, Stoy, 111 164 XXVI. The Ohio Oil Company's pumping station, Bridgeport, 111 166 XXVII. A— A portion of the Ohio Oil Company's tank farm, Stoy, 111 168 B— A cleaning rig 168 XXVIII A 35,000 bbl., tank fire '. 170 XXIX. The tank after the fire 172 XXX. A supply yard in Bridgeport 174 XXXI. A— A gas well 176 B— A gas well with water retainer 176 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. State Geological Survey, University oe Illinois, January 30, 1913. Governor E. F. Dunne, Chairman, and Members of the Geological Commission ; gentlemen — I submit herewith a report on the oil fields of Crawford and Lawrence counties, Illinois, and recommend that it be published as Bulletin No. 22. The author, Mr. Eaymond S. Blatchley, has been on the staff of the survey since 1908 and has devoted a large part of three years to the studies presented here. The colored maps which accompany the report present information of great commercial value in locating future wells in the district. The kindness of property owners and oil operators who have contributed in- formation freely to the survey is hereby acknowledged,, and confidence is expressed that they will find the report almost invaluable. Very respectfully, Frank W. DeWolf, Director. BLATCHLEY] OBJECT OF REPORT. 11 THE OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAW- RENCE COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. By Raymond S. Blatchley. CHAPTER I. Historical, Theoretical, and Geological Aspects of the Illinois Fields OBJECT OF EEPOET. This report presents the results of a study of the geologic conditions in the southern half of the eastern Illinois oil fields. The specific area of investigation lies in the southern half of Crawford and the northern portion of Lawrence counties, in portions of the Hardinville, Sumner, and Vincennes quadrangles (See Plate IA.) The object is to discuss the control of the accumulation of oil and gas in these fields and to present facts which further confirm the anticlinal or structural theory for the concentration of oil and gas in raised formations. It is also possible that additional proof is added to support the theory of the origin of oil from organic remains buried in limestone and shales. The report also discusses the stratigraphy and describes the commercial features peculiar to this territory, including production, costs, methods of transportation and storage, field operations, leasing, etc. It is desired to preserve in printed form all available records of the territory, particularly for use in future stratigraphic and structural studies and for reference by the operators. METHODS OF STUDY. The method of study was to map by means of contour lines, or lines through points of equal altitude, the geologic structure of the producing sands. The contours were made upon the positive altitudes of the sands above a datum plane 1,500 feet below mean sea level. These maps show the oil sand as if everything above it had been removed. The undula- tions, slopes, basins, etc., are clearly defined. In this way the oil, gas, and water relations to the structure are studied. In addition to the con- tour maps cross-sections were made along the crest of the anticline and crosswise to it. These graphic sections are intended merely to make 12 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 clearer the contour maps. The records along the selected lines are plotted on a uniform scale and are placed in their proper positions along the section, with regard both to the elevation of the wells above sea level and to their linear distance from one another. The points at which the cross- section lines cut the contours are measured and marked on the section. AIL points representing a particular horizon are connected. Thus, a mechanical means of ascertaining structural features was developed and significant facts were revealed. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The taking of elevations and logs of the wells within the portion of the oil fields covered by this report began in the summer of 1908. The writer was assisted in this work by Douglas Wright in the Crawford county portion of the Hardinville quadrangle and by J. C. Jones in the Lawrence county division. The leveling in the Sumner and Vin- cennes quadrangles was completed the following summer with the assis- tance of W. E. Deuchler, levelman, and Douglas Wright and H. H. Johnson, rodmen. A final review of the Lawrence county fields was made in 1911 with the assistance of D. G. Thompson. The report would not have been possible except for the hearty cooperation of all operators who furnished well records, maps, and other information. Much help was given in the stratigraphic studies by Dr. J. A. Udden who made an intimate examination of well samples from eleven wells within the in- vestigated area. Special thanks are due the officials of the Ohio Oil Company, Marshall, 111., for samples from a number of wells in the region. These were saved at much trouble and expense. Dr. Stuart Weller of the University of Chicago gave helpful consultation relative to the stratigraphy of the Mississippian rocks. To all of these indi- viduals the writer expresses his appreciation and thanks. HISTORICAL REVIEW OF OIL DEVELOPMENTS IN ILLINOIS. In the main fields of Illinois, exclusive of producing areas elsewhere, there have been drilled, during the past seven years, over 20,000 wells in a producing territory which covers about 250 square miles. The fol- lowing notes sketch the history of drilling from the earliest days: In the earlier part of the "sixties" the first oil excitement spread over the eastern United States and extended westward to Illinois. In 1865 the first wild-catting took place in Clark county about 8 miles north of Casey, in Parker township. Here, several holes were put down in attempts to locate oil and gas but the work was abandoned. The small amount of oil found in the wells perhaps would have been greater had proper casing been used. This would have shut off the salt water, which, as a matter of fact, probably drowned out the oil and prevented an earlier discovery of the present immense field. About this time, oil and gas were found accidentally in Montgomery county, near Litchfield. Coal prospecting from the floor of one of the mines led to deeper drilling and the discovery of a strong flow of salt water which threatened for a time to flood the mine. Another coal pros- blatchley] HISTORICAL REVIEW. 13 pect near the mine discovered a small quantity of oil and gas. The oil and water from this drill hole leaked into a sump in the mine, where for many years oil was skimmed from the top of the water and utilized. During the "eighties," when new prospecting was taking place at various points in Illinois, the previous finding of oil at Litchfield led to renewed drilling which brought in several gas wells in that vicinity. In 1882 a well was drilled about 2 miles south of Litchfield, which was reported to show about 400 pounds gas pressure. This well was appar- ently first drilled to 580 feet without success. Two years later it was drilled 200 feet deeper, where water-bearing sand was tapped. The gas was secured at 640 feet and had exceptional pressure. The flow of salt water, however, was too strong to be plugged successfully and, conse- quently, drowned out the gas. In 1886 a number of wells that yielded both gas and oil were drilled in the vicinity of Litchfield, to an average depth of about 650 feet. In all, between the years of 1882 and 1889, about thirty wells were drilled. 1 The majority of them were of short life but five or six produced a small amount of oil up to the year 1903. All are abandoned at the present time. , Gas was discovered in Pike county in 1886 while drilling for water in the N. W. % S. E. % section 1, berry township. It was found at a depth of 186 feet. 2 This destroyed chances of a good water supply so a second well was drilled on the same farm a short while afterwards. Gas was secured in this well at the lesser depth of 168 feet. Both wells were abandoned because of lack of facilities for taking care of the gas. Drilling was then suspended in this part of the State for 15 years, or until 1905. In that year Mr. William Irick drilled a well for water on his farm and, as in the previous cases, met a strong flow of gas. He, however, piped it to his house for domestic use. / There immediately followed a development of this area, which, in a little over a year, brought in over thirty wells. All but six of these produced gas, but no oil was found. The gas horizons are between 75 and 350 feet below the surface. The field at the present time covers an area about 10 miles long and 4 miles wide. The gas accumulation is governed by a small fold in the Niagara limestone. Similar prospecting took place in 1888 near Sparta in Eandolph county. Home capital was enlisted and a well that yielded a good pres- sure of gas 3 was drilled to a depth of 850 feet. This encouraged further drilling and up to the year 1894, 22 wells were put down. Of these, over twelve yielded gas, and four of them had initial pressures between 150 and 250 pounds to the square inch. The average life of the wells was about seven years. The next recorded wild-catting took place in 1900, and indirectly re- sulted in the discovery of the main oil field. A company styled the Crawford County Oil, Gas and Coal Company drilled a well in the S. E. y^ section 35, Eobinson township, Crawford county. 4 The well reached a depth of 820 feet where it was abandoned because of the caving of the strata and the tapping of a strong vein of salt water. The same company shifted operations in the following year, 1901, to the D. C. i Mineral Resources of the United States for 1889, p. 353. 2 Savage, T. E., Pike County gas field: Bull. 111. Cxeol. Survey No. 2, 1906, p. 83. 3 Report Illinois Board World's Fair Commissioners, 1893, p. 183. * Blatchley, W. S., Oil Developments in Illinois to K04: Bull. 111. Geol. Survey No. 2, 1906, p. 14. 14 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Jones farm, in the southwest quarter of section 22 of the same town- ship. A well drilled here to a depth of 1,040 feet secured a small amount of gas. Thus, the efforts of the company to locate "fuel" were rewarded slightly and with further hope, they drilled to 1,190 feet. At this point they met a strong vein of salt water and abandoned the well. The company attempted other wells on the same farm in the years 1901, 1902 and 1903, but, in each case, lost their tools. The sixth attempt was rewarded, in 1904, by the finding of small amounts of oil and gas between 900 and 1,200 feet. The bore was carried to 1,330 feet but was abandoned. It was but eighteen months after this that the main productive field was opened up within a few miles of this area. The suggestion of an oil field in the vicinity of Casey prompted by the earlier prospecting of the "sixties," led Col. L. D. Carter of Oakland, 111., to secure the services of J. J. Hoblitzel & Son, of Pittsburgh, Pa., in re-drilling this area. A large block of lease was gathered up, and early in the spring of 1904 a well was started on the Young farm near Oilfield. This well produced a good pressure of gas and some oil. The gas was cased off and used for field operations but the oil yield was in- significant and was discarded. A second well was completed in the same year on the J. S. Phillips farm in the northeast quarter of section 18, Parker township. It produced 35 barrels of oil. Other wells were started in the same year in this vicinity and in 1905 about 100 square miles of territory was being drilled. Of this about 60 square miles were eventually found productive. These fields are called the "shallow" area because the oil comes from a depth of between 400 and 600 feet. Drilling was active until 1909, when the boundaries of the productive territory for this section of the oil fields were pretty well established. In 1909 there was a decreasing development and at the present time it has prac- tically ceased. A great many of the original wells are yielding so poorly that they are rapidly being plugged and abandoned. Added vigor was given to the development of the eastern Illinois fields on February 6, 1906, when D. T. Finley, of Pittsburgh, drilled a well on the J. W. Shire farm in the northwest quarter of section 15, Oblong township, Crawford county. The oil was obtained at 890 feet, and the initial production was 250 barrels per day. This well opened up the Robinson pool, which is the largest in the oil area and covers, in all, about 110 square miles of productive territory. The oil is found in sands ranging from 750 to 1,000 feet in depth. There is one general sand made up of three or more generally parallel lenses. There are r however, small areas where only two or even one lens are noted. The year 1907 brought an extension of development in a small isolated pool about three miles to the southeast of the large Robinson pool. The new pool was known first as the Honey Creek district and originally covered but six or seven square miles. It has later been asso- ciated with the Flat Rock district to the east and the two are now joined, so as to comprise about 25 square miles of area. To the north of the Flat Rock area the small Duncanville pool was developed. The area covered is between two and three square miles. The oil is from about the same horizon as that of the Honey creek, Flat Rock, and Robinson sands but has a much lower gravity. It is used almost ex- clusively for fuel. BLATCHLEY] HISTORICAL REVIEW. 15 The Lawrence county field began to be developed actively in 1907- 1908. It has been the most promising, in that seven sands are attracting the attention of operators. The sands occur between depths of 800 and 1,900 feet and are known as follows : 1, 2 and 3. Bridgeport, upper lens, middle lens and lower lens. 4. Buchanan. 5. Kirkwood. 6. Tracey. 7. McClosky. Within this area, which covers about 40 square miles, there has been developed a larger per cent of big wells than in all other pools in Illinois combined. After the Clark county fields was brought in miscellaneous drilling was stimulated throughout the State. A second attempt was made to discover oil in the vicinity of Sparta, 111. by J. J. Hoblitzell & Son, who began drilling in 1906. As a result of this work, two or three wells that produced oil in small quantity were completed in the following year. In 1908 a total of sixteen wells had been drilled, but of these only six or seven yielded oil. The amounts were small, except in the case of two wells, one on the Foster farm that yielded about twenty barrels of oil per day, and one on the Mcllroy farm that had an initial production of about 100 barrels. All the wells have since declined and the field is now abandoned. In 1906 an attempt was made to locate oil at Tolono in Champaign county. The drilling revealed oil, but only in slight quantity. Ap- parently it was the intention to prospect the La Salle anticline which gives rise to the production area to the southeast. Early in the year 1908, oil was reported as seeping through a fault into a coal mine near Centralia, Marion county. The attention of oil operators was excited and several shallow wells were drilled. These yielded small amounts of oil, but were of slight commercial value. Wild- catting was prompted in the winter of 1909 in the vicinity of Sandoval, five miles north of the Centralia shallow wells. Late in March, a deep well, which yielded about thirty barrels per day, was completed upon the Stein farm, one mile north of Sandoval. A second well was finished in July on the Benoist farm, adjoining the Stein land. This well proved to be a valuable producer of both oil and gas. Its success stimulated wholesale leasing and drilling in all directions in Marion county, with the result that a small, but rich, isolated, field of about three-fourths of a square mile was denned. This field is still credited with a good production. A new gas area was opened in 1909 near Carlinville. Macoupin county, by the Impromptu Exploration Company. Several wells have been drilled south of the town. The gas comes from a sandstone, probably the Pottsville, immediately above the Mississippian limestones. So far, two wells have produced about six barrels of oil per day. The pressures of gas are not large enough to warrant an extended development for commercial purposes. A small gas area, similar to that of Carlinville, was also opened in the spring of 1910 several miles east of Jacksonville, 111. The wells were small in quantity. Late in 1911 two other small oil wells were added to the field. 16 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 In April of 1911 wild-catting developed an oil field about three miles northwest of Carlyle, 111., which has since been defined within an area of about iy 2 square miles. The governing structure of the field seems to be an elongated dome interrupting the gentle trend of the broad western flank of the Illinois basin. The initial production of the first wells was excellent and caused a rush to the territory. High bonuses were paid for leases many miles from proven territory which later proved barren. The area was suggested as promising by the State Geological Survey previous to exploitation. 1 Various other attempts have been made to find oil at widely separated points. Small amounts of oil or gas have been observed in such lo- calities as Mascoutah, Marissa, Waverly, Greenville, Decatur, Iola, Eldo- rado, Old Eipley, Patton, Bartelso, Bidgeway, Campbell's Hill, and Denny. Barren wells have been put down at Herrick, Cobden, the American bottoms ea,st of St. Louis, Trenton, Aviston, Iuka, Olney, Sumner, Albion, Carmi, Duquoin, Pinckneyville, Coulterville, Vandalia, Marshall, Thomasboro, Grafton, Jerseyville, Kane, Bichview, Nashville, Omaha, Waterloo, Hansen, Pocahontas, and at a number of other places. OBIGIN AND ACCUMULATION OF OIL. Origin of Oil. The origin of oil and gas has been a puzzling problem for many years, especially since petroleum has come into world-wide use. Chemists and geologists have attacked the problem from their respective points of view and have presented plausible theories, none of which, however, have explained satisfactorily the broad distribution of petroleum in all kinds of sedimentary rocks of various ages. The chemist has produced many of the component parts of petroleum in the laboratory; he has broken down certain substances into constitu- ents, some of which have properties resembling those of crude petroleum ; and he even reproduced certain isometric forms of hydrocarbons peculiar to petroleum — yet the theories arising from these results fail to meet certain geological conditions that prohibit their acceptance. Geologists have met the problem from a different point of view. Some, on the one hand, have considered the conditions of deposition of sedi- mentary rocks and have concluded that oil and gas originate from animal and plant life buried in the sediments. Others have conjectured on the internal conditions of the earth during its stages of cooling and settling and have concluded that oil originated from mineral substances. This attitude is closely allied to the chemist's point of view. The geologist's views are not wholly acceptable and hence the origin of petroleum re- mains uncertain. The whole problem has resolved itself into two general theories styled the inorganic and the organic. THE INORGANIC THEORY. The inorganic theory was promoted by the discovery that the carbides of certain metals may be broken up into hydrocarbons by the action of water and that alkaline metals produce hydrocarbons if brought into con- i Blatchley, R. S., 111. State Geol. Survey, Bull. No. 16, pp. 87 and 167. blatchleyJ ORIGIN" AND ACCUMULATION OF OIL. 17 tact with water saturated with carbon dioxide gas. It was claimed that volcanoes, geysers, and hot springs indicate heat within the interior of the earth sufficient to have formed carbides ; and that these were broken up by percolating waters into migrating gases. The presence of hydro- carbons in volcanic gases may thus be explained. Such migrating gases on passing from hot formations to higher, cooler, strata would naturally be condensed into petroleum. It is claimed that granitic rocks are full of joint planes and other minute cracks, and thus it is impossible for the gas and oil to remain in them because of the ease with which they travel and diffuse. When the shales are reached the oil "simplifies" itself or, in other terms, it leaves more or less of its more viscuous constituents behind. It is claimed that the oil of various American fields, with exception of those like the Cali- fornia and Texas fields, has migrated from a distance to the localities in which they now are found. The fact that all oil fields are confined to sedimentary strata and that below the oil-bearing horizons there fre- quently are unproductive strata of the same nature makes it difficult to understand how the inorganic theory can apply to our larger fields. It is difficult to understand how the oil of such fields as those of Pennsyl- vania and Illinois can have migrated long distances and not left traces of travel in the intervening rocks. It is apparent that the inorganic theory of the origin of oil and gas is open to many criticisms. The theories derived from chemical reactions are ingenious, and, no doubt, may explain the origin of some petroleum; they do not, however apply to the conditions of our many oil fields as readily as the organic theories. THE ORGANIC THEORY. The organic theory advocates that oil and gas originate from the decomposition of vegetable or animal matter, which may have occurred in the bed which now yields oil or gas, or in adjoining beds from which they have migrated. Chemists have shown that when the body of an animal or a plant is distilled in a closed retort or is allowed to undergo decay in the absence of air, certain gaseous or liquid products are obtained, which resemble petroleum and natural gas. Much the same results are obtained by bac- teriological putrefaction of organic matter, without aid of heat. Natural decomposition of animal and vegetable matter in the sedimentary rocks through the periods of geologic time is thought to explain the origin of petroleum. Shale is held to be the source of petroleum by some supporters of the organic theory. All shale beds are of sedimentary origin and are com- posed of fine particles of clay. The clay is inorganic and was deposited in water with plants and marine animal life. This decomposition was varied by the deposition of sand, and limey material. The completed stratified rocks comprise a succession of sandstone and limestone, inter- lain with shale beds. In some fields, as California, diatoms embedded in shale are regarded as the source of the oil. Elsewhere vegetable remains, even of delicate type, like algae,' render the enclosing shale highly bitu- minous and oily. It is thought that all stratified beds contained water —2 G 18 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 in some degree and that the shales, because of their compactness, had less water than the sands. The presence of water in the formations may have aided in the later migration of the oil from the shales to the sands, by providing a ready medium through which the oil could rise under the influence of gravity to the highest possible position in the sand strata. The shale and sand oils are usually classified as "sweet" oils in contradistinction to the natural petroleums of the limestone beds. The limestone theory of the origin of oil differs from the last by sup- posing that marine animal life, peculiar to limestone formations was the source of oil in the sedimentary rocks. The limestone oils of Ohio, Indiana, and parts of Illinois are often known as "sour" oils, because their sulphur and nitrogen content is greater than that of oils found in sand formations. They have a ranker odor than other oils and are often much lighter in color; in fact, they are sometimes designated as "green" oils. The oil of the Mississippian formations or the Tracey and McClosky sands have undoubtedly originated from marine animals, because the producing zones are highly calcareous sands or oolitic limestones and the oil contains much sulphur. Some of the oil from the upper Pennsyl- vanian beds in Clark county is sour and comes from calcareous sand- stones. Of the two organic theories of the origin of oil, the shale theory is the more applicable to the pools in the Pennsylvanian or "Coal Measures" sands of the Illinois fields, since the sands seem to bear few or no fossils and are consequently barren in animal organic remains. There was, however, undoubtedly a great abundance of plant life in the waters of the basin of southern and central Illinois. The aquatic plants were algae and various types of sea weeds. In addition to these, land plants were washed down by streams and also marsh plants, such as ferns, ground-pine, etc. Plants from both sources were deposited in the muds and silts of the accumulating deposits of centuries. These, with possibly some marine life, were shut off from the oxygen of the air and other destructive agents and were trapped within the shale deposits, where eventually, through the lapse of geologic time a peculiar, slow, distil- lation took place, wherein the protoplasm, cellulose, and other constitu- ents of the once living matter, were converted into oils and gases. The distillation and migration were probably a matter of ages. Natural gas is the volatilized, lighter portion of the oil which originated according to the process mentioned. The difference of gravity between gas, oil, and water caused the two former substances to seek the highest places in the rock strata. The presence of natural gas in any area is generally accompanied by oil at some point along the structure in which accumu- lation has taken place. Circulation and Accumulation of Oil. general consideration. A problem of special importance is ' the circulation of oil from its source and its mode of accumulation in porous rocks. The matter is being investigated by laboratory methods by various scientists. The cir- blatchley] ORIGIN AXD ACCUMULATION OF OIL. 19 culation is accomplished by capillarity, gravity, and gas or rock pressure. The accumulation of oil requires a porous reservoir with an impervious cover or roof. Certain features, of geologic structure and conditions of water saturation are important factors in determining the localities at which the accumulation takes place. The circulation must also be affected by the physical properties and relations of the oil and salt water, and the rocks in which they occur. One of the potent forces in directing the circulation is doubtless capillarity, since both the shales and the sands are porous formations. Capillary action is the physical phenomenon consequent upon the attraction or repulsion of liquids along the sides of very fine passages. If a liquid of low specific gravity is brought into contact with a very fine hair-like tube it will seemingly pull itself along the passages; while a liquid of high specific gravity, such as mercury, will exhibit the reverse tendency. Capillary attraction is accompanied by concave liquid sur- faces and capillary repulsion by convex liquid surfaces. Prof. A. W. Duff, of the AYorcester Polytechnic Institute of Massachusetts, discusses the effect of capillar}- repulsion and attraction as follows: "When the effect (of capillary action) is a depression (mercury), the depressed sur- face is curved downward and the tension in the surface provides a pres- sure. When the effect is an elevation, the stretch on the upward curved surface tends to draw the liquid in the surface layer away from the liquid below and so produces a state of tension or diminution of pres- sure below the surface." If a difference of capillarity exists between water and oil in small tubes, the different elevations to which they are raised will be dependent upon the differences in their surface tensions and specific gravities, and the size of the tubes. Shales and sandstones are porous formations containing infinite num- bers of minute spaces capable of holding liquid. The spaces or pores may be likened to capillary tubes and may be assumed under proper conditions to promote capillary action. William Forstner 1 has the fol- lowing to say of the classification of sand interstices: "The interstices can be divided into three classes : openings larger than those of capillary size, capillary openings, and openings smaller than those of capillary size, sub-capillary openings. Supercapillarity openings are found in bed- ding and joint planes, in coarse sandstones, and in conglomerates. In these openings the flow of liquids is controlled by the ordinary laws of hydrokinetics, modified by the viscosity of the fluid, and the regularity, size, and length of the openings. Capillary openings include the great majority of the interstices between the grains of sands and sandstones, many of those in conglomerates, and many of the openings caused by fracture. In these openings the velocity of flow depends upon the area and cross-section of the opening, its length, and the viscosity of the fluid. The movement is so slow that the friction of the moving fluid over the sedimentary film is very small, especially in long openings. Sub-capil- lary openings include part of the interstices in coarser sediments having capillary openings and nearly all the interstices between the grains of clays, shales, and slates. The movement of the fluid in these openings is excessively slow, under the hydrostatic pressures generally occurring i Forstner, William, The Occurence.of Oil and Gas in the South Midway Field, Kern County, Cal- ifornia. Economic Geol., Vol. VI, 1911, p. 140. 20 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 in these strata the movement will be reduced to such an extent, that the fluid may be considered as [existing in] fixed films held by molecular attraction." Capillarity was perhaps effective upon the included water of shales long before the distillation of oil began in them, and may have caused the expulsion of water into the sands. The action extended to the oil which began to originate and find its way into the pores of the shale. Its production was exceedingly minute, yet it was acted upon by capil- larity, and caused to ascend toward the sand. The relation of specific gravity of oil and water caused the oil to rise to the top of the water in the sandstones. It is assumed that this action continued as long as dis- tillation took place, until eventually the oil had left the shales to a large degree and had accumulated in the sandstones. The action may have been further aided by various compressions of the formations and other unknown physical phenomena until the shales had given up most of their oil to adjoining porous sandstones. It is probable that the gaseous hydrocarbons and petroleums of various specific gravities were not separated until the more porous beds were reached. Under the stress of earth movements and different degrees of heat and pressure, changes in the composition of the petroleums must have occurred. Again the oil may have been affected chemically by water in the sandstones and altered from its original condition. It is apparent that the distribution of petroleum is greatly influenced by the presence of water and it is a fact that there is abundant water in the Illinois oil sands. Oil is lighter than water. If both are present the oil rests upon the surface of the water and is to that extent con- trolled by the latter. If oil and water are not associated, the petroleum moves downward along bedding planes and through coarse, porous strata under force of gravity. In such a case it may occur in pores at the bottom of a syncline. A third theoretical agent of the circulation of oil from its source of distillation to its present position is perhaps that of gas pressure or "rock pressure." This pressure is always noticeable when a new oil or gas area is opened up. The oil generally rises far up into the casing of the new well and often above its mouth. If gas is present and the casing is closed so that the product cannot escape into the air, a pressure is developed inside the pipe. The gas may accumulate instantly and thus indicate a very porous reservoir beneath, or it may take consider- able time to gather and thus show a less porous one. The two conditions have often occurred in the same locality and yet the same pressures were eventually secured. It is thought that gas pressure may help to pro- mote movement of oil through the containing rocks. New lines of investigation have been carried on recently by Dr. D. T. Day, J. Elliot Gilpin, and Oscar E. Bramsky of the United States Geological Survey in an effort to find the cause of the differences be- tween such oils as those of Pennsylvania and Illinois and those of Ohio and Indiana, or rather the Trenton limestone oils. 1 The question reverts to the cause of the difference between "sweet" and "sour" oils, assuming that all petroleum, no matter what its source is, is a definite substance ; 1 Gilpin, J. Elliott, and Bramsky, Oscar E., The Diffusion of Crude Petroleum through Fuller's Earth, Bull. U. S. Geo 1. Survey No. 475, 1911. blatchley] ORIGIN" AND ACCUMULATION OF OIL. 21 the product of one field differing from another only in the proportion of its series and members of hydrocarbons. The Pennsylvanian and Illi- nois "sweet" oils are found to contain a larger proportion of paraffin hydrocarbons and less benzine, unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulphur and nitrogen than the Ohio and some California oils. It is concluded that the first mentioned oils were migratory, because the sands in which they are found bear little evidence of containing a source for the petroleum, while the oils of Ohio and perhaps the McClosky oil of the Illinois fields are thought to have originated in the limestone beds in which they are found. If such is the case and petroleum is everywhere the same substance except for the lack of certain hydrocarbons, the difference in the two grades of oil must be the result of migration through filtrating materials, or, in other words, of a "selective activity" of shale or clay. It may be true that some of the Pennsylvania and Illinois oils now reposing in sands were originally of animal origin and they have lost some of their original ingredients by migration. These conclusions led to experiments upon the diffusion of petroleum through Fuller's earth, which is a good type of shale for purposes of investiga- tion. It was found by Day that oil such as the Illinois oil could be produced by this method from crude Trenton limestone oil. Glass tubes packed with dry Fuller's earth were placed in vessels containing crude Illinois oil. The oil, in the course of some time, began to move up- ward in the tubes by force of capillarity. Examination of the tubes at the conclusion of the migration showed that light oils were found at the top, and low grade, heavy oils, sulphur, and other heavy constituents at the bottom of the tube. Continued nitrations of the oil removed the sulphur compounds entirely. It was concluded from these experiments, "that the Illinois oil at some time in its history diffused through porous media, which exercised a selective action upon it, removing a large part of the unsaturated and sulphur compounds and probably the benzine and nitrogen compounds." THE POROUS STRATUM. Petroleum was valueless as a commercial product when it was origi- nally formed, because its diffusion was so complete that a bore into the containing rock could scarcely have obtained a showing of oil. Its ac- cumulation in pools of -commercial value first demands more porous beds than the shales in which it is supposed to have originated. The strata of sand interlain with the shales are suitable reservoirs because in most cases they are much more porous than the compact shales. Exceptionally, the sands themselves contain portions which are extremely compact and impervious. These non-porous areas may act as retaining covers and effect the concentration of underlying oil where structure is favorable. They may be extensive enough to separate adjoining pools, or they may be small enough in extent to cause mere local "dry spots" in the midst of very productive territory, in which the sands are other- wise highly porous. The presence of small streaks of shale within the sandstones is frequent in Illinois formations. Often two or three aver- aging 5 to 15 feet in thickness may occur in a thickness of 50 to 80 feet of sancl. The driller terms these "breaks." The sand and the '?•? OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AXD LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [BUM* NO. 22 *T>reak" merge into one another in most cases and oil is not often found where sand and shale are thus mixed. IMPERVIOUS COYER. Aii important requirement for the accumulation of oil and gas is an impervious cover, or retaining roof, which will hold the oil and gas cap- tive in the porous stratum. In Illinois there is almost invariably a cover of hard, compact, shale over the oil sands. This is particularly true of the sands in the Pennsylvanian formations. The producing sands in the Mississippian formations are overlain in some instances by lime- stone. The impervious covers have doubtless caused the retention of the oil in the sands during the periods of earth movements which caused structural folds in the rock. If an oil pool did not have an impervious cover between it and the surface, the lighter portions of the oil would long-since have volatilized and passed off as natural gas, while only the heavy oil or asphalt-like residue would remain. Where a thin cover lies over a productive oil sand some of the lighter portions of the petroleum have escaped and heavy, lubricating oil is generally found. This is of low gravity and consequently of low grade, and generally serves as fuel oil. The abundance of shales within the "Coal Measures" and the upper Mississippian rocks of Illinois have prevented an ex- tensive volatilization and consequently the oils are of good grade, aver- GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES. Another very important necessity for the accumulation of oil and gas in pools is the presence of certain types of structural features in the rocks. The sedimentary strata were deposited under water horizontally, or practically so. and the natural distillation of oil probably took place primarily while the beds were in that position. Subsequent disturbances took place causing the strata to be folded, forming as it were, arches 3 or domes, in some places, and corresponding troughs or basins in others. The arches are known as anticlines while the troughs are called synclines. When these undulations took place, the water, petroleum, and gas within the sand formations were forced to move and distribute themselves according to the laws of gravitation and hence according to their specific gravities. The water was the heaviest of the three fluids, and, therefore, sought the synclines as far as possible, depending, of course, upon the porosity of the sands. Its tendency was to displace the oil and gas, forcing the oil to float on the water and the gas to rise still higher. The oil was enabled to rise as far as the water extended up the slopes of the syncline, while the gas was able to free itself from the fluids and rise to the highest place in the porous bed,- usually the crests of the anti- clines. The earth disturbances effecting the changes in the positions of the strata may be responsible also for minor irregularities which occur on the anticlines and synclines themselves. The surface of an oil sand on the anticline may be pitted or undulating. This condition may affect an extensive area or only a few acres of ground. The general accumulation of oil and gas is governed by the anticline proper, covering many miles, and the segregation of pools may possibly be caused by smaller folds on blatchley] ORIGIN AND ACCUMULATION OF OIL. 23 the large one. Coupled with this intricate system of synclines and arches on the parent fold, there is variation in the porosity of the sands ; the two conditions greatly affect the distribution of oil and gas. It is readily recognized that either factor may, locall}-, explain the presence of dry holes within productive territory. Some question has arisen as to whether these minor arches are true anticlinals of deformational character or whether they represent merely original thickening and thinning of particular beds or, again, whether they result from unequal settling during the consolidation of the sediments. Locally, any or all of these factors may account for the conditions. Another important type of geologic structure in which an accumula- tion often occurs, is the "terrace" or flattened area upon the flanks of a syncline or anticline. The terrace, strictly speaking, is an interrup- tion in the uniform dip of the sides of a basin, where the rocks are approximately horizontal. Such terraces are to be found upon the sides of the great structural basin in southern and central Illinois. A segre- gation of oil takes place upon a favorable terrace much in the same manner as in the anticlines and the synclines. The water of the basin enables the oil to rise to the terrace, where it may be trapped by friction. But the oil, originally in the sloping sand above the terrace, may migrate farther up the general incline so as to float on the water surface. The gas follows its usual course in freeing itself from the oil and accumu- lates in the terrace head or continues up the general dip to the adjacent anticline or to some impervious barrier. Frederick G. Clapp has classified oil pools according to their geo- logical structure, because all known fields have shown their accumula- tions to be due primarily to definite structures. His classification is as follows •} 1. When anticlinal and synclinal structure exists. Strong anticlines standing alone. Well defined alternating anticlines and synclines. Monoclines with change in rate of dip. Structural terraces. Broad geanticlinal folds. 2. Quaquaversal structures. Anticlinal-bulge type. Saline dome type. Volcanic neck type. 3. Along sealed faults. 4. Oil and gas sealed in by asphaltic deposits. 5. Contact of sedimentary and crystalline rocks. 6. In joint cracks of sedimentary rocks. 7. In crystalline rocks. Investigations of the main fields in Lawrence county, Illinois, reveals an additional member to Clapp's arrangement. This is a double plung- ing anticline or a combination of a strong anticline standing alone and a dome or quaquaversal structure. This may fall under Class I or it may necessitate subdivision of Class 2 as follows: 2. Quaquaversal structures. (a) Anticlinal-bulge type. (b) Saline dome type. (c) Double-plunging anticline type. (d) Volcanic neck type. i Clapp, Frederick G., The Occurence of Oil and Gas Deposits Associated with Quaquaversal Struc- ture. Economic Geology, Vol. VII, No. 4, 1911, p. 364-381. 24 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 WATER SATURATION. One of the most important factors, if not the greatest, in the concen- tration of oil in raised structures, is the presence or absence of water in the oil-bearing stratum. Mr. W. T. Griswold offers some very interesting observations upon this subject with reference to the Appalachian region. 1 The theories are more or less applicable to the Illinois rocks, inasmuch as they are of similar age and character. His conclusions are as follows : "In dry rocks the principal points of accumulation of oil will be at or near the bottom of the syncline or at the lowest point of the porous medium, or at any point where the slope of the rock is not sufficient to overcome the friction, such as structural terraces or benches. In porous rocks, completely saturated, the accumulation of both oil and gas will be in the anticlines or along level portions of the structure. Where the area of porous rocks is limited, the accumulation will occur at the highest point of the porous stratum; and where areas of impervious rocks exist in a generally porous stratum the accumulation will take place below such impervious stop, which is really the top limit of the porous rock. In porous rocks that are only partly filled with water the oil accumulates at the upper limit of the saturated area. This limit of saturation traces a level line around the sides of each structural basin, but the height of this line may vary greatly in adjacent basins and in different sands of the same basin. "Partial saturation is the condition most generally found, in which case accumulations of oil may occur anywhere with reference to the geo- logic structure. It is most likely, however, to occur upon terraces or levels, as these places are favorable to accumulation in both dry and sat- urated rocks. "Under all conditions the most probable locations for the accumula- tion of gas are on the crests of anticlines. Small folds along the side of a syncline may hold a supply of gas, or the rocks may be so dense that gas mav not travel to the anticline, but will remain in volume close to the oil." The above observations were found applicable in the Illinois oil fields, as described under the relations of structure. to salt water, oil and gas. The Illinois wild-cat areas have not offered sufficient data as to water saturation to warrant conclusions with reference to it. It is hoped that in the future the operators in Illinois will note with as much exactness as possible the wet condition of the sands they encounter. It will then be possible for the geologist or engineer to offer better suggestions as to the probable conditions in prospective oil areas. GENERAL GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS RELATING TO OIL AND . * GAS. Introduction. In order that the reader may have a general view of the oil and gas conditions of the State, a brief elementary review of its geology is pre- sented. i Griswold, W. T. and Munn, M. J., Geology of Oil and Gas Fields in Steuben ville, Burgettstown and Claysville Quadrangles, Ohio, West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 318, 1907, p. 15. blatchley] GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 25 Those who have observed the ledges exposed at quarries or in the banks of streams appreciate that the rocks occur in rather definite layers of varying thickness. Well drillers, especially, realize that sandstone, shale, limestone and combinations of these rocks underlie the State as alternating strata of considerable regularity. The study of these rela- tions constitutes stratigraphic geology or stratigraphy. A rock stratum may underlie a large or a small area. Thus, a coal bed or an oil sandstone, or "sand," may be present in one locality but absent in the adjoining region. The a/real extent of oil sands therefore is a matter of importance to operators. The rock layers exposed to view appear to be flat-lying or horizontal. Detailed study may show gentle pitching or dipping of the strata. Thus, a sandstone may lie 300 feet below sea level in a particular area, but dip so as to be 500 feet below sea level in an adjoining county. Excep- tionally, the rocks lie in gentle folds. The attitude or "lie" of the strata constitutes, broadly, their "structure;" and the determination of this is of utmost importance in the discovery and development of an oil field. The geology of the State is described elsewhere 1 in a more detailed manner; it will be sufficient in this report to discuss its significant fea- tures, briefly, under the headings just mentioned. Stratigraphy. The accompanying sections indicating the order and character of the strata were first published by Bain 2 in 1907. They are modified by the writer to agree with later data and conclusions. Overlying the consolidated rocks of the State except in the extreme southern and the northwestern counties, there is a varying thickness of glacial deposits or "drift" These clays, sands, gravels, etc., are com- monly encountered in drilling before hard rock is reached. Locally, they contain gas and Bain says: "Natural gas is found in these deposits in small quantity at a number of points throughout the State. Such wells are, or have been, known near Champaign, Princeton, Colchester, Wapella, Heyworth, and else- where. The pressure is usually slight and the life of the individual wells is usually short. While it is not possible in every case to absolutely exclude the possibility of these wells representing leakage from lower reservoirs, a sufficient explanation of them is believed to be found in the decay of woody material buried in the drift itself. These wells are characteristically difficult to maintain owing to sand clogging the pipes." The section for southern Illinois is most important in the present study. The formations yielding oil and gas production are indicated by italic and occur chiefly in the Carboniferous system. Possible oil "sands" are suggested also in the Ordovician and Silurian systems, especially in central and northern Illinois. i Weller, Stuart, The. Geological Map of Illinois: Bull. 111. State Geol. Survey No. 6, 1907. 2 Bain, H. Foster, Petroleum Fields in Illinois in 1907: Bull. 111. State Geol. Survey No. 8, pp. 273-312. T.^-n+T, • OKA 4?-~i- J-i.: _i_ •- n n ^ ^ coun the 3 Tr basin comrl of In Ham tivel} Illinc show antic! of U field, ward idly t genth into t and o as ex] porta: quent featui over, if pre Th€ the st sentat of the tions exami: All __■__ __ J belong to the Pennsylvanian series. These rocks are overlain by a vary- ing thickness of drift,. The Pennsylvanian series are represented by about 480 feet of the McLeansboro, 300 feet of the Carbondale, and about 100 feet of the Pottsville formations.. The rocks are all of sedi- blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 33 mentary origin being principally shales with variable intergradations of sandstones, limestones and coal. The columnar section of Crawford county is made up of logs from several localities, several of which are outside the area covered by this report. They are plotted in order from south to north in Plate II. The top of the limestone over the Herrin coal, which may be called the "Fusulina" limestone for the lack of a geographical name, is used as a key line for the columnar section. All the records are plotted with respect to this line and are presented here- with, corresponding by number to those printed on Plate II. All of the following logs were compiled by Dr. J. A. Udden from a detailed ex- amination of well samples saved by the Ohio Oil Company. LOGS. No. l.—M. Shiltz, No. 7. Location— SE. ^4 sec. 7, T. 7 N., R. 14 W., Oblong Township. Elevation — 485 feet. Unknown Light gray micaceous sandstone or sandy shale. The laminae are from one-twentieth to one-eighth of an inch in thickness . . . Gray micaceous shaly sandstone, with carbonaceous foliations showing leaf fragments and needle-like impressions. Biotite scales noted Gray micaceous shaly sandstone and black carbonaceous shale... Gray micaceous shaly sandstone, with carbonaceous foliations. . . Gray calcareous limestone, partly organic fragmental, apparently concretionary. A fragment of a black silicified piece of a fern stem noted Light gray sandy shale, micaceous Gray sandstone, fine in texture, and with a calcareous matrix. . . Light gray, sandy shale Light gray sandy and micaceous shale and some calcareous con- cretionary material Dark micaceous shale and micaceous gray sandstone Gray, stony shale Black fissile shale, "miners slate." and greenish fire clay Gray sandy shale and black shale Greenish gray shale of fine texture Light gray shaly sandstone and shale, biotitic Light gray sandy and micaceous shale, with some dark and soft marly material Gray sandy shale Dark gray sandy shale Dark gray sandy and micaceous, stonv shale Dark gray stony shale and green fire clay Dark gray shale of fine texture Dark shale, with impressions of narrow leaf-like forms of vegeta- tion and of fragments of thin shells "Miners' slate," black, and some coaly shale Gray sandstone, moderately coarse Light gray sandy shale, with layers of shaly sandstone, which contains spherules of brown carbonate of iron Gray calcareous limestone Gray limestone and some black shale. Chetetes milleporaceus noted Micaceous gray sandy shale or sandstone with some concre- tionary limestone Gray micaceous sandstone and sandy shale Gray soft shaly sandstone. Some fragments have a brownish tint Gray shale of fine texture Gray sandy shale, light Micaceous and sandy stiff shale, light gray, with narrow impres- sions, carbonaceous, of small leaves and bits of brown tests of crustaceons. Many fragments of coal Medium gray stiff shale, fine texture with manv fragments of coal Gray shale of fine texture, fossil fragments, bits bhale, sandy, micaceous greenish grav. with leaf imprints bhale, sandy, micaceous and greenish grav with small black fragments of vegetation 420 425 —3 G Depth in feet. From To 185 185 190 190 200 200 205 205 210 210 215 215 220 220 230 230 250 250 255 2*55 260 260 265 265 270 270 2 75 275 280 280 285 28n • 290 290 295 295 300 300 320 320 325 325 335 335 340 340 345 345 350 350 355 355 360 360 365 365 370 370 380 380 390 390 395 395 400 400 405 405 410 410 415 415 420 Depth in feet. From To 425 440 440 445 445 450 450 455 455 470 470 475 475 480 34 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Sandstone, fine in texture, micaceous, shaly light gray Gray shale of fine texture, greenish, only very slightly micaceous Sandy shale, gray, micaceous, with bits of vegetation Light gray shale, stony Shale, greenish gray, micaceous Dark greenish gray shale, of fine, even texture Coal and fine gray shale or fire clay Limestone, some dark and compact with very slow effervescense, some light, calcareous, crystalline cleavage like that in crinoid stems. Also some limestone and shale, with small spherules of clay iron stone, magnetic after fusion, y%- x /% mm. in diameter. Wood in coaly pyrite * 480 485 Shaly sandstone of light gray color 485 495 Dark gray stony micaceous shale 495 500 Gray sandstone and shale 500 505 Gray shale, stiff, of fine texture 505 510 Dark gray micaceous shale 510 515 Gray dark shale, stiff, micaceous 515 520 Gray limestone and coal, limestone is organic fragmental. Crinoid joints noted 520 525 Coal and some gray fire clay 525 530 Gray sandstone with a little micaceous shale 530 540 Gray sandstone with sandy shale 540 545 Gray sandstone, fine 545 550 Gray micaceous stony, (sandy) shale 550 570 Gray shaly fire clay or shale 570 575 Dark shale and a little coal. Shale, fine and carbonaceous 575 580 Dark shale, coal and fire clay 580 585 Black limestone (almost), effervescing slowly, with imbedded organic fragments and pyrites, yellow. Green grains or fillings in limestone, crinoid stems, fragments of shells, and spines, fusulina fossils 585 590 Dark gray stiff micaceous shale 590 595 Gray micaceous shaly sandstone and shale 595 600 Shaly sandstone, gray, micaceous 600 605 Dark calcareous limestone, with Athyris, crinoid stems, spines, in copious small fragments, and coal in coarse and fine fragments 605 610 Black shale, gray shale, fire clay and coal 610 615 Gray sandstone and black shale 615 620 Gray sandy shale 620 625 Sandstone, light gray, of fine texture thinly laminated, some yellow concretionary material 625 630 Gray shaly sandstone, micaceous 635 640 Gray sandy shale and fire clay 640 645 Gray sandy shale 645 650 Gray shale of fine texture 650 660 Gray sandy shale with straight laminations 660 665 Black shale, with gray blotches, laminated, "Miners' slate" 665 670 Black shale and dark gray shale 670 675 Light greenish gray shale of fine texture 675 685 Black shale, almost slaty 685 690 Black stiff shale of fine texture 690 695 Dark gray shale 695 700 Gray sandy shale 700 705 Gray stiff shale, and some earthy shale 705 710 Dark gray earthy shale and light gray sandstone 710 715 Dark gray laminated shale 715 725 Dark gray, laminated, micaceous shale, with imprints of leaves and bits of vegetation 725 730 Gray shale, sandy and micaceous, with imprints of fragments of leaves 730 735 Dark, very dark shale, micaceous 735 740 Black shale, short "miner's slate" 740 745 Black shale, short "miner's slate, with pyrites 745 750 Gray sandstone with some coal 750 755 Sandstone, shale, laminated, dark gray 755 760 Dark gray shale 760 765 Shale, dark gray, some dark fire clay, coal 765 770 Coal, hardly anything else, large sample 770 775 Light gray sandy fire clay and coal 775 780 Light gray micaceous pyritiferous sandstone and some dark shale 780 785 Light gray micaceous sandstone 785 790 Micaceous light gray sandstone (and shale) 790 795 Sandy gray shale and fire clay, dark, and showing slickensides. . 795 800 Dark gray shale, fine in texture, with some slickensided pieces... 800 805 Black "miners' slate" 805 810 Black coaly shale, with a light gray rock composed of clay and con- taining small spherules of clay iron stone %-% mm. in diameter 810 815 ?A Sa Gr Sa Li? Sh Da Co Lii Sh. Da Gr Gr, Da Gr Gr J Co; Gr; Gr; Gr; Gn Gr; Da Da Bh c i D.' Gn Shi Da c Bl£ Gn Gn Sai Gn Gn Gn Gn Gn Bla Bla Lig Bla Bla Dai Gn Gn Dai Dai Dai a Grs o Dai Bla Bla Gra Sar, Dai Sha Coa Lig Lig Lig Mic San Dai Bla Bla BLATCHLET] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 35 Logs — Continued. Dark gray shale with some fine small flakes of mica Coal and some dark shale, with fragments of brown clay iron stone Fire clay, shale, dark and light gray sandstone Dark gray shale and shaly light gray sandstone Black shale, coal and fire clay Gray sandy shale and black shale, some coal Gray sandy shale, black shale, some coal Black and gray shale, laminated (?) Dark gray shale, micaceous, and sandy light gray shale Black shale and gray shale, micaceous, imprints of leaves Gray and black shale, some of the black shale with thin laminae of coal Gray micaceous and sandy shale and shaly sandstone Black coal shale ("miners' slate") some impure coal and some fire clay Dark gray shale, stiff Some gray shale, some shaly sandstone, seme cloddy limestone with crinoid stems and other fossils in fragments. Much of the sample is a stony, sandy fireclay, in which are imbedded spher- ules of clay iron stone %-%mm. in diameter. On grinding and polishing some fragments containing these spherules a center of pyrite was seen in some of the spherules. The imbedded spherules lie quite close together, giving the appearance of oolitic rock Gray micaceous sandy shale and fire clay Gray shaly micaceous sandstone or sandy shale Gray shale micaceous sandstone Gray sandstone, foliated, with carbonaceous black foliations Yellowish sandstone, ground up, floats on water Gray sand, less oily. %-% mm. Depth in feet. From To 815 820 820 825 825 830 830 835 835 840 840 845 845 850 850 855 855 860 860 865 865 870 870 875 875 880 880 885 885 890 890 895 895 905 905 910 910 920 920 925 No. 2. — 0. F. Edwards, No. 15. Location — SE. % sec. 7, Oblong Township. Elevation— 485 feet. Loess or silt, with some sand Boulder clay, thoroughly leached Yellow boulder clay, calcareous Yellowish gray calcareous boulder clay with limestone pebbles... Sand and gravel washed from boulder clay Gray boulder clay Sand and gravel, washed from boulder clay Mostly sandstone, fairly coarse, with some limestone with frag- ments of fossils, probably Productus semirecticulatus, Retzia, Rhomhopora lepidodendroides, Fislulipora, Tubipora, and joints of crinoid stems Sandstone, gray, micaceous, friable Gray shale, slightly micaceous, of comparatively loose consistency "Dirt bed" material, dark crumbling silt clay, with some coal .... Impure fire clay and shale, much coal, and concretions of lime and of carbonate of iron Dark shale Gray shale, micaceous Gray shale and marly material. The latter contained the pygidium of a small trilohite, fragments of bryozoa, and joints of crinoid stems Almost black shale, containing small ostracods, one-thirtieth of an inch in length and an impression of some smooth flat objects, having the shape of an equilateral triangle with perfectly straight sides measuring a sixth of an inch Black shale with impressions of fucoidal bands a tenth of an inch in width. Part of sample a dark limestone with crinoid stems, a small pentagonal crinoid plate, and a small brachiopod (Ambocoeia umbonata?) Dark limestone, of characteristic appearance of a "clod" lime- stone (i. e.. small limestone overlying a coal), clay, fissile, shale and coal. The limestone has the same fossils as in the previous number Dark limestone as above, with irregularly bending Ammodiscus tubes about one-fifth inch in diameter, also coal and some fire clay. The coal probably lies at a depth of about 125 feet and is underlaid by the fire clay Gray micaceous sandstone Micaceous shaly sandstone and sandy shale Depth in feet. From To 5 5 15 15 20 20 25 25 40 40 45 45 50 50 55 55 65 65 85 85 90 90 95 95 100 100 105 105 110 115 120 110 115 120 125 25 130 30 140 40 145 Depth in From feet. To 145 150 155 160 150 155 160 165 165 170 175 170 175 180 180 185 190 195 185 190 195 200 200 210 215 210 215 220 220 225 230 225 230 235 36 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Micaceous shaly sandstone Micaceous shaly sandstone and sandy shale Coal, some "clod" and some shale Gray micaceous sandstone Gray micaceous sandstone with one large piece of coal and one large piece of black shale, containing fragments of some thin shells, probably a Lingula Gray sandstone, with some calcareous rock Shaly micaceous gray sandstone Shaly micaceous gray sandstone, with some small fragments of a calcareous rock Dark gray sandy shale with large flakes of mica Dark gray micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale, with shreds of vegetation Limestone, compact, yellowish white and dark gray, containing crinoid stems and fragments of other unidentified fossils. Splits into thin fragments, and has a sort of waxy lustre Gray shale, somewhat micaceous Fire clay, shale, and sandstone Mostly sandstone having a calcareous matrix and a few imbedded organic calcareous fragments Sandy shale or shaly sandstone, with some black mica Gray sandstone Gray sandstone, laminated, with thin layers of carbonaceous material 235 240 Dark gray sandstone, laminated, micaceous, with thin carbonace- ous foliations, and with a calcareous cement.... 240 245 Sandstone, dark gray, shaly, biotitic. Some fragments show yel- low specks of presumably concretionary iron carbonate, other fragments are closely studded with minute grains of pyrite.... Some sandstone like the previous, dark shale and fire clay Dark shale and sandstone, both biotitic Black shale and some fragments of a coarse shell breccia, con- taining crinoid stems Gray sandstone Gray sandstone, with a brown, slowly effervescing sandstone Gray sandstone, with a brown, slowly effervescing sandstone, with more of the brown rock, which seems to have a concretionary (oolitic) structure and consists of mainly carbonate of iron with some calcareous grains Gray sandstone, micaceous Gray sandstone, micaceous, with some shaly sandstone Gray sandstone, micaceous Gray shale Gray shale with small ostracods, and a spiral Ammodiscus Gray shale, with narrow, ribbon-shaped impressions of vegetation, ostracods and a spiral Ammodiscus Gray sandy shale and micaceous sandstone Micaceous sandstone and coarse gray shale Coarse sandstone Sandstone, with yellow grains (concretionary) of carbonate of iron, larger than the sand grains 340 345 Gray shale with some very compact fragment? of carbonate of lime concretions 345 350 Faintly yellowish gray limestone, splitting into thin chips, with many unrecognizable fragments of organic origin 350 360 Limestone, like the preceding, with a brachiopod shell fragment, a Zaphrentis, and joints of crinoid stems. Also some dark gray shale •. Greenish gray shale Gray micaceous sandstone and shale Gray shale of fine texture Bluish gray sandstone Shale, mostly dark gray, and of fine texture Sandstone and sandy shale Micaceous sandstone and shale Gray silty shale Dark gray shale Gray sandstone and shale Gray shale and some impure coal Micaceous gray shale, with fragments of concretions of carbonate of iron Gray shale Gray shale or fire clay Gray shale, stony and dark, micaceous Some gray shale like the above. But mostly a dark, dirty yellow clay, too oily to mix with water, giving off gas and oil when heated and loosing much of its weight, probably 30 or 40 per cent 455 46 ° 245 250 250 255 255 260 260 270 270 275 275 280 280 285 285 295 295 300 300 310 310 315 315 320 320 325 325 330 330 335 335 340 360 365 365 370 370 385 385 395 395 400 400 405 405 410 410 415 415 420 420 425 425 430 430 435 435 440 440 445 445 450 450 455 From To 460 465 465 470 470 475 475 480 480 485 485 490 490 500 500 505 505 510 510 515 515 520 520 525 525 535 535 540 540 545 545 550 550 555 blatchlet] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 37 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. Like the previous, with much coal Sandstone, gray, micaceous, and some pieces of a black limestone, containing fragments of fossils Oily clay, with coal and gray stony shale, some pyrite Like the previous, with much coal and some fossiliferous limestone Sandstone, with some yellow limestone containing organic frag- ments Gray shale and some sandstone Dark gray shale Dark gray shale with a small Ammodiscus and some narrow fucoid markings Gray limestone with imbedded yellow fragments of fossils with some black shale and coal Mostly fire clay and coal Sandstone, some coarse, some thinly laminated Sandstone, comparatively coarse Sandstone of average texture Dark arenaceous shale , Shaly sandstone, black shale and coal Some coal, fire clay, and dark sandy shale Mostly coal, some black shale and fire clay Gray sandstone, with a compact yellowish gray limestone break- ing frequently into rectangular fragments, and probably of con- cretionary origin 555 560 Dark shale and sandy gray shale with fragments of concretions of carbonate of iron Gray shaiy sandstone Dark "cloddy" shale and coal with some sandstone Coal, stony fire clay and sandy shale Gray sandy shale Shaly sandstone Shaly sandstone, greenish sandy shale, coal and concretionary carbonate of iron Gray shale Dark gray shale, hard Dark gray shale with a fine textured and compact limestone, in part gray, in part yellow, apparently concretionary Gray shale, with concretionary limestone like that in the above. . Gray sandstone and some black shale Gray fine-grained sandstone, with some black coaly shale Like the preceding, but less shale Gray shale and black shale Gray shale Black micaceous shale and gray shale with concretionary material Black micaceous shale with concretionary material Gray and black shale and coal Coal and gray shale Gray shaly and micaceous sandstone with much carbonaceous material, and with imprints of vegetation abundant in some fragments 685 690 Dark gray sandstone of fine texture with thin layers of car- bonaceous material Dark gray micaceous shale with imprints of fern leaves Dark gray shale, micaceous Dark gray shale, micaceous, stony Black shale, hard Black shale Black shale, with "clod" limestone containing a crinoid stem and some coal Gray micaceous sandstone, comparatively coarse in texture Gray sandstone Shale, almost black Black shale and coal Black shale and fragments of "clod" limestone, coal and fire clay Gray micaceous sandstone, with brown concretionary material .... Gray sandstone and black shale Gray shale and some sandstone Gray sandstone and shale, with much brown concretionary material Like the preceding, with some calcareous material Gray shale, and some fire clay with thin carbonaceous flakes imbedded Dark gray shale, micaceous Shale, almost black Black and gray shale, some "clod" limestone, some fire clay and some concretionary carbonate of lime Black clayey shale, some coaly shale, some brown and soft con- cretionary material Da/k bluish shale and some sandstone 560 565 565 570 570 575 575 580 580 585 585 590 590 600 600 605 605 630 630 635 635 640 640 645 645 650 650 655 655 660 660 665 665 670 670 675 675 680 680 685 690 695 695 700 700 705 705 725 725 730 730* 735 735 740 740 745 745 750 750 755 755 760 760 770 770 775 775 780 780 785 785 790 790 795 795 800 800 810 810 820 820 825 825 830 830 835 38 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFOKD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To "Clod" limestone, dark and black shale, coal, and greenish shaly fireclay 835 840 Bluish gray shaly fire clay and black shale 840 845 Gray fire clay and some coal 845 X50 Black shale, gray shale and sandstone 850 855 Gray shale and shaly sandstone 855 860 Black shale and coal, with some concretionary carbonate of iron. . 860 875 Black shale and gray shale with much concretionary carbonate of iron and some coal 875 880 Dark gray shale with concretionary carbonate of iron 880 885 Dark gray shale, with much concretionary carbonate of iron 885 390 Black micaceous shale 890 £95 Black shale slightly micaceous 895 900 Mostly black shale, with some concretionary material 900 905 Thinly laminated shale with alternate layers light and dark 905 910 Dark gray, stiff shale 910 915 Dark gray shale, laminated, with alternate layers of light, sandy, dark and finer texture 915 920 Laminated shale, sandy laminae, about four, in a thickness of a sixteenth of an inch 920 925 Like the previous, but with sandy laminae, thicker 925 940 Coaly black shale and gray shaly sandstone, both micaceous 940 945 Black shale, greenish gray shale, and sandstone 945 950 Incoherent gray sand, some 70 per cent of the grains measuring from one-eighth to one-fourth of an millimeter in diameter, some 20 per cent measuring less than one-eighth mm. and only a few per cent measuring more than one-fourth of a mm. The sand floats on water 950 955 Black shale 955 960 Black shale, brownish concretionary carbonate of iron and some sand •. 960 965 Gray, faintly brownish sand which floats on water, with some coherent lumps which emit oil when heated 965 970 Thinly laminated shaly sandstone, alternate laminae of dark and lisrht material. Laminae mostly about one-half millimeter in diameter. Slightly effervescent with acid 970 975 Like the preceding, but more shaly and lamination less frequently to be seen 975 980 Dark stony shale, with thin layers of alternating light and dark material, with some concretionary brownish carbonate of iron. . . 980 985 Sandy laminated shale or shaly sandstone, layers bending and curving 985 990 Note — Dr. Udden adds the following statement to the above log: "The limestone at 360 feet is probably correlative with a limestone horizon which occurs at about 160 feet above Coal No. 6, in the Belle- ville region. The limestone at 200 feet is most likely an equivalent to the Carlinville limestone about 150 feet higher in the section. Coal No. 6 is believed to be the coal at 510 feet. The several coal seams penetrated are no less than 14 or 15 in number, and fall into three groups. The lower groups, consisting of five coals probably of small size, includes the coals from 670 to 850 feet below the surface. It prob- ably includes coals 1 and 2 of northern Illinois. The middle group com- prises the coals from 430 to 580 feet below the surface and no doubt in- cludes Coal No. 6. The uppermost group of coal beds, comprising some small coals of the "Upper Coal Measures" of Worthen, are the coals in the upper 200 feet of the section. The sandy shale in the lower part of the section, which contains the oil sand, exhibit a quite persistent lamination of thin dark and light layers. It is believed that this feature may be useful in their identification in the nearest outcrops." No. 3.— L. R. Newlin, No. 21. Location— SW. % SE. % sec. 27, T. 6 N., R. 14 W., Martin Township. Elevation— 498 feet. Depth in feet. From To Drift 1 25 Dark limestone, brown limestone, fragments of coal and yellow • sand 25 30 blatchleyJ CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. Logs — Continued. Dark limestone with sand / Gray sandstone with infiltrated lime Gray sandstone, some yellow limestone, and siderite Gray sandstone with some yellow limestone. Pyrite noted Coarse gray micaceous sand with fragments of coal Coarse gray micaceous sand Coarse micaceous sandstone Coal and some fire clay Gray micaceous sand. A little lime in sand Dark micaceous shale and sand Gray micaceous shale and sand. A few fossil fragments Limestone, fragmental, organic, crinoid fragments and bryozoa noted Light gray shale of fine texture Limestone, in part fragmental, and some shale Gray sandy shale with some crinoidal limestone Gray micaceous sandy shale, with some limestone Gray micaceous shale Gray micaceous sandstone and much darker clay iron stone Gray micaceous shaly sandstone, with imbedded shreds of vege- tation Gray micaceous shaly sandstone Fine grained, gray micaceous sandstone with intersticial lime. . . . Some black fissile shale. Mostly a dark blotched organic breccia limestone, containing many crinoid stems, some small Athyris and some crinoid spines Like the preceding, with some sandstone and coal Sandstone, limestone and shale Micaceous sandstone, with some laminated sandy shale Gray sandstone, quite coarse Micaceous silty gray shale Gray shale, and some dark shale Black shale, clay iron stone, crinoid stems, Bellerophon, Athyris, a cyathophylid, two gastropods Black shale and coal Yellowish and gray concretionary siderite and limestone, with some fire clay and coal Gray shale Gray sandstone and some dark shale Gray micaceous sandstone Laminated gray sandstone of fine texture Gray shale and fire clay Gray sandstone White sandstone with siderite concretions Laminated sandstone Micaceous sandstone and dark shale White micaceous sandstone Gray sandy shale, micaceous Gray micaceous sandy shale and some dark gray shale Like the preceding with some clay iron stone Mostly coal, some shale and some fragments of concretionary limestone Gray sandstone with siderite Gray sandy shale, micaceous Gray sandstone, with some limestone, white Gray sandstone, with interstical calcareous material and some pure white limestone Greenish gray sandstone Gray sandstone, with many concretionary spherules about % millimeter in diameter Gray sandstone Dark gray sandy shale, stiff Dark gray micaceous shale Dark gray shale Dark shale and limestone, with pyrite calcite with many crinoid stems, and an Estheria (?) , Coal with some limestone fragments and shale Coal and fire clay Gray sandstone, with some yellow fragments or concretionary material " Gray sandstone White sandstone Yellowish white sandstone Dark shale Black shale and coal Gray sandstone, micaceous Gray limestone and some large quartz grains Gray sandy shale, micaceous 39 Depth in feet. From To 30 40 40 45 45 50 50 60 60 65 65 70 70 75 75 80 80 110 110 115 115 120 120 125 125 130 130 135 135 140 140 145 145 150 150 155 155 160 160 170 170 175 175 180 180 185 185 190 190 195 195 210 210 240 240 245 245 250 250 255 255 260 260 265 265 270 270 275 275 280 280 285 285 290 290 295 295 300 300 305 305 330 330 345 345 350 350 355 355 360 360 365 365 375 375 380 380 385 385 390 390 395 395 400 400 405 405 410 410 415 415 420 420 425 425 430 430 435 435 440 440 445 445 450 450 455 455 460 460 465 465 470 470 475 40 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Sandstone and some limestone ( 475 48O Shaly sandstone, with some siderite concretions . .' 480 485 Black and dark micaceous shale 485 490 Black dolomitic limestone, with calcite, Rhombopora, lepideden- droides, crinoid stems 490 495 Black limestone, with crinoid stems and coal 495 500 Gray micaceous sandstone, with some interstical calcareous ma- terial 500 510 Gray sandstone and a dirty yellow dolomitic limestone, concre- tionary (?) 510 515 Limestone 515 520 Gray silty shale with carbonaceous shreds imbedded 520 525 Gray silty shale with thin layers of shiny coal of silky lustre. Coal layer in one fragment adhering to the shale 525 530 Gray shale of fine texture 530 535 Bark shale of fine texture 535 555 Black shale and coal, mostly impure 555 560 White sandstone of fine texture 560 565 Light gray shale, with small spherical siderite concretions 565 570 Gray shale, with much siderite, in fragments and in minute spher- ical concretions. Some bright red fragments noted, "rusty" 570 575 Shaly sandstone and sandy shale, gray, with siderite as in pre- ceding sample 575 58O Sandy shale, gray, with siderite fragments 580 585 Gray sandstone, some shale and siderite 585 590 Shaley sandstone or sandy shale, gray 590 595 Sandstone, black shale and "clod," with some coal and siderite concretions 595 605 Shale and shaly sandstone, with fragments of siderite concretions and coal 605 610 Greenish fire clay and shale 610 615 Shaly sandstone, gray 615 620 Black miner's slate, with siderite concretions 620 625 Black miner's slate, with sandstone and gray shale 625 630 Gray sandy shale 630 635 Dark gray sandy shale, micaceous 635 645 Gray laminated shaly sandstone 645 650 Dark gray sandy shale 650 655 Black stiff shale, almost miner's slate 655 665 Black stiff shale and impure coal 665 670 Black shale and black concretionary limestone, with fossils 670 675 Gray sand and gray sandy shale with some coal 675 680 Coal with very bright (black) lustre and fire clay 680 685 Coal of bright lustre and brownish earthy streak and some fire clay 685 690 Gray gritty fire clay and dark shale 690 695 Shale, gray 695 705 Shale, gray, and some siderite 705 710 Dark limestone, some dark shale and pyrite 710 720 Dark shale, some dark limestone and spherulitic siderite 720 725 Shale, dark, some coal; a little dark limestone 725 730 Dark shale, some coal, and spherulitic siderite 730 735 Gray micaceous shale, and bits of yellow limestone 735 740 Gray micaceous shale, and fragments of siderite 740 745 Dark micaceous shale, some siderite, bits of coal and lime 745 750 Gray micaceous shale and siderite 750 755 Gray micaceous shale, some fire clay, coal and pyrite 755 760 Coarse gray micaceous shale, pyrite, little shale 760 770 Black shale and some coarse sandstone 770 775 Coal and fire clay, and some gray shale 775 780 Coal and fire clay, and some gray fire clay with pyrite. 780 785 Black shale, bits of yellow limestone, and spines of brachiopods, and spherulitic siderite 785 790 White sandstone and shale, black, some yellow limestone and coal, and spherulitic siderite 790 795 Dark shale, some little sandstone, siderite and limestone 795 800 Black shale and some siderite 800 810 Black shale 810 820 Gray micaceous shale and some- sandstone 820 825 Limestone, dark and white ; some sandstone with infiltered lime ; gray micaceous shale, pyrite and some crinoid joints 825 830 Dark and white limestone with crinoid stems and pieces of shells, and pyrite 830 835 Gray micaceous sandstone, and some dark and white limestone... 835 840 Black micaceous shale, some sandstone, and white limestone 840 845 Black micaceous shale 845 850 Black micaceous shale, some white sand and siderite 850 860 Gray sandstone and dark shale 860 865 Gray sandstone, some dark shale and siderite 865 870 blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. Logs — Continued. Coarse gray sandstone and a little shale Gray micaceous sand Gray sand and some dark shale Gray sand, white limestone, a little shale and pyrite. Gray sandstone, bits of limestone, shale and siderite, Gray micaceous sand Gray micaceous sand, and some dark shale Dark sandy micaceous shale 41 Depth in feet. From To 870 875 875 885 885 890 890 895 895 905 905 940 940 950 950 955 No. 4. — C. E. Siler, No. 4. Location — NE. corner sec. 5, Honey Creek Township. Elevation — 495 feet (estimated). Pleistocene: Loess or yellow loam Gravel and sand Sand and gravel Sand and gravel washed from boulder clay Boulder clay t: Coal Measures' : Limestone, with imbedded crinoid stem, a small Spirifer cam- eratus, a small gasteropod, and a piece of a plant stem. Some roof shale Shale, greenish gray, micaceous Gray shale Fine-grained micaceous sandstone with a calcerous matrix... Arenaceous, gray shale Micaceous, gray shale Micaceous, dark gray shale Micaceous sandstone, with fragments of concretions of car- bonate of iron Sandstone, gray micaceous, calcareous and shaly, with, many fragments of shells of yellowish color Gray shale and micaceous shaly sandstone, with a small Mya- lina, and many fragments of shells. Some coal noted Some limestone, but mostly shale. The shale is dark gray, micaceous, and marly. It has many minute, apparently concretionary grains, yellow, of carbonate of iron. These appear like coarser grains in a fine textured matrix. The limestone is dark with imbedded flat fragments of Myalina, shells, and one piece was seen with imbedded trenchantly marked tubules, believed to be irregularly curving forms of Ammodiscus, measuring from .1 to .15 mm. in diameter.... Micaceous sandstone or sandy shale, with some brownish limestone Micaceous gray sandstone of fine texture, almost a shale Micaceous sandstone and some green grains, with some brown calcareous coaly fragments Fine-grained sand, micaceous, and with brown and green grains, as above Like the previous, but with occasional carbonaceous frag- ments Gray, micaceous sandstone, with some dark and some green grains, and some shreds of carbonaceous material Black fissil "miner's slate" with pryitized fossil shells, one probably being an Aviculopeaten, another like a minute Myalina Some shaly fire clay and a little coal, but chiefly gray mica- ceous shale with minute concretions of carbonate of iron of the size of small sand grains Gray micaceous shaly sand. One large fragment showing lines believed to be wave marks Gray slightly micaceous shale, with very thin calcareous laminae Gray shale, slightly micaceous shale with a brownish minute disc-shaped fossil of spiral structure, probably an Ammo- discus Gray shale, faintly micaceous Black fissile shale, with a very fine rectangular reticulation seen on a cleavage plane. Soma fragments of coal Greenish gray fire clay and shale, with fragments of dark concretionary limestone Fine-grained micaceous sandstone or shale, with yellow specks of concretionary siderite Depth in feet. From To 1 5 5 10 10 15 15 20 20 40 40 45 45 50 50 55 55 62 62 68 68 74 74 80 SO 86 'J 2 150 86 98 103 103 109 109 114 114 119 119 139 139 145 145 150 155 155 160 160 165 165 170 170 175 175 180 180 185 185 190 190 200 42 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFOUD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Coal Measures — Continued. Gray, dark, and compact concretionary carbonate of iron in large fragments Dark gray shale, with Ammodiscus (?) Mostly dark concretionary carbonate of iron in large frag- ments, with some dark stony shale Dark shale of fine texture Dark shale slightly micaceous, with Ammodiscus ( ?) and minute shreds of other fossils Dark micaceous shale, slightly calcareous Like the previous, with minute shreds of vegetation Dark micaceous shale, like that in the previous sample, with Ammodiscus ( ?) and a small ostracod Dark micaceous shale, with impressions of fern leaves, and with a spiral Ammodiscus (?) and one tube of an Ammo- discus (?) only slightly curving. Some kealed impressions were noted on one fragment and stem joints and spines of crinoids were also noted Dark gray shale Gray sandy shale Gray sandy shale, or shaly sandstone, showing some dark grains under the lens Shale, greenish gray, sandy and micaceous Greenish gray micaceous sandstone and red clay marl Greenish gray sandy shale Comparatively coarse sandstone, with some green and some pink grains. Also some lumps of fire clay, which contain small spherical nodules of black oxide of manganese from one-fourth to one-third mm. in diameter. Some of these concretions are grown together in groups of two and three Comparatively coarse sandstone, with some interlaminated shale Mostly sandstone, gray and of fine texture, with some shale. Color various Sandy gray shale , or shaly sandstone Micaceous gray shale Dark gray shale, not micaceous Very dark shale, carbonaceous and sandy. Most of it is finely laminated and shows shreds of vegetation Shaly sandstone or shale, thinly laminated, containing brownish yellow grains (concretionary?) larger than the grains of the rock and also some still larger black grains. . Like the previous, with the brown grain least abundant in the layers of the finest texture, which are carbonaceous. . . Sandstone, with interlaminated carbonaceous streaks show- ing vegetable tissue . .' Coal, shale, and sandstone Mostly fire clay Mostly concretionary material, carbonate of lime and iron, and some shale Concretionary limestone and carbonate of iron, in shale Light gray micaceous and sandy shale Micaceous and sandy gray shale Micaceous sandstone and gray shale Dark gray shale Dark gray limestone, consisting of organic fragments, some black shale and coal. The limestone contains Chonetes mesolobus (?), crinoid stems and a gasteropod (Bellerophon carnonaria?) Fire clay, gray and black shale, and coal Gray shale Gray sandstone of fine texture Gray shale, arenaceous and micaceous Shaly sandstone, micaceous and with rusty specks Gray shale, micaceous and sandy Dark gray shale, micaceous and sandy Like the above, but darker Almost black dolomitic limestone, uniform in texture, emits sulphurous odors when heated and becomes slightly magnetic before the blowpipe, and contains joints of crinoid stems, Chonetes mesolobus (?) Rhombopora lepidodendroides (?). fragments of brachiopod shells, and Fusulina of the kind occurring in the limestone above Coal number 6 Black fissile shale and some coal, with limestone Gray sandy shale and some dark shale Gray slightly sandy shale Soft gray micaceous shale Gray shale, soft and micaceous, with some dark shale show- ing shreds of vegetation Depth in From feet. To 200 205 205 210 210 215 215 220 220 225 230 225 230 240 240 245 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 286 120 245 25 255 260 265 270 275 280 290 290 295 295 302 302 30S 308 320 338 338 350 350 356 356 362 362 368 368 374 374 380 380 387 387 394 394 401 401 407 407 413 413 4L9 419 426 426 432 432 43S 438 450 450 456 456 462 462 468 468 480 480 486 486 492 492 498 498 504 504 510 510 516 534 540 540 546 546 552 552 564 564 570 570 576 576 588 588 594 594 600 600 606 606 612 612 618 618 624 624 636 636 642 blatchlet] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 43 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Coal Measures — Continued. Gray slightly micaceous sandstone, with some large and thin fragments of black dolomitic limestone 516 522 Gray sandstone, with some limestone like that in the pre- vious sample 522 528 Dark gray highly micaceous shale, with scales of biotite and on fresh fractures having an appearance like that of Archaen schists 528 534 Gray sandstone and sandy micaceous shale, with some dark shale and fragments of coal Dark gray sandy shale, micaceous, with some fire clay Dark shale of fine clayey texture Dark gray shale, micaceous and stony Dark gray shale, of clayey texture Dark gray shale, with narrow fucoid bands in some cleavage planes Black fissile shale Mostly light gray sandstone, some gray shale, with fragments of coal and limestone Mostly light gray sandstone with some dark shale Dark micaceous, shaly sandstone Dark micaceous, sandy shale Dark, almost black, shale Dark, almost black, shale, with fragments from concretion of carbonate of iron Gray shale, of clayey texture Gray shale, with some little mica Like the previous sample, but slightly coarser and with a little more mica 642 648 Black shale, of fine texture, but with some mica, and with earthly lustre 648 654 Black shale, much pyrites of iron, and some coal. The shale has imbedded calcareous fossils among which a piece of lamellibranch valve and a Bellerophon were noted, and also impressions of an insect wing (?). In the fragments of pyrites was noted a Nucula, a Bellerophon carbonaria (?) in part filled by zinc blende, and a fragment of a brachiopod. In the coal some woody tissue was noted 664 660 Light gray sandy fire clay filled with small crystals of pyrites Dark gray micaceous and sandy shale Dark gray shale of fine texture, with pyrites and coal Black fissile shale and finely laminated coal with brown streak. Woody fibre seen in some pyrite Shaly fire clay, light gray and stony Gray shale and sandstone Sandstone, somewhat coarse, laminated, in alternate layers of white and carbonaceous black material, some layers micaceous Dark gray shale, stony, sandy and micaceous Gray shale, stony, sandy and micaceous Dark shale, with some laminated coal and some fire clay Gray sandstone, shaly and micaceous Soft gray shale Some gray shale, and some dark micaceous shale with con- cretionary carbonate of iron Almost black fissile shale, with concretionarv carbonate of iron Gray sandstone of fine texture Dark gray shale, arenaceous and micaceous Laminated, gray sandstone, micaceous, alternate layers in black and carbonaceous, the black layers very thin, the light layers in several cases measuring one-tenth of an inch in thickness 762 768 Coarse micaceous sandstone, laminated with alternate layers of dark carbonaceous shale Like the previous, sandstone coarser and softer Dark gray shalo and some lighter shale Almost black shale, fine in texture Light gray sandy shale, slightly micaceous Dark gray and light gray shale of fine texture Gray sandstone, of very fine texture Dark bluish gray shale of very fine texture with concretionary carbonate of iron Almost black shale, very fine in texture Coarse sandstone Almost black shale, fine in texture Almost black shale, with biotite Black shale, fine in texture Gray sandstone, fine grained 660 666 672 666 672 678 678 684 690 684 690 696 696 708 714 720 726 732 70S 714 720 726 732 738 738 744 744 750 756 750 756 762 768 786 786 798 798 804 804 817 817 830 830 836 836 848 848 854 854 860 860 866 866 878 878 884 884 902 902 908 44 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Coal Measures — Concluded. Gray sandstone 908 914 Black shale of fine texture, with concretions of carbonate of iron 914 93S Gray shale and sandstone, with some large and thin chips of coal 938 944 Gray soft sandstone and shale. The rock in this and the previous sample appears to be a mixture of alternating layers of shale and sandstone 944 950 Gray soft sand, only a single fragment of loosely coherent rock, remaining in the sample. Size of grains is about one-fourth mm. in diam. Apparently oil sand ; the grains float on water 950 955 Gray sand, with grains mostly from one-eighth to one-half mm. in diameter. The largest grains all have crystalline facets resulting from- secondary growth. Sand floats on water 955 959 Sand like the previous, but faintly brownish yellow 959 963 Sand like that in the three previous samples, except that it is more nearly white in color 963 967 Note; — Dr. Udden states that two specimens of a Fusulina were found in a limestone occurring at the depth of 480 to 486 feet from the surface, and this no doubt is the limestone which forms the cap- rock over Coal No. 6. The rock itself has been altered to a dark dolomite, effervescing very tardily in acid. It has a dark gray color which is evidently due to the presence of iron pyrites in microscopic particles. On heating in a closed tube it gives off sulphurous odors and becomes slightly magnetic. The entire section represented by the two samples studied consists of variations of shales, sandstones, limestones, coals and fire clays, with calcareous concretionary matter, and more fre- quently concretions of carbonate of iron. They all have the general appearance characteristic of the Pennsylvanian series in this region. About a dozen coal beds were penetrated, which occur in three groups, not counting an evidently thin bed of somewhat shaly coal, which lay at a depth of 904 feet below the surface and only a few feet above the oil sand. The lowest of these groups which presumably includes equiva- lents of Coals Nos. 1 and 2 in northern Illinois, is represented by three seams at 720, 678 and 660 feet below the surface. The middle group, which includes Coal No. 6 is represented by one coal at 540 feet, by Coal No. 6 at the depth of 485 feet, another coal, overlain by limestone, at 420 feet and a coal overlain by sandstone at 365 feet. The coal beds of the "Upper Coal Measures" of Worthen are represented by an ap- parently small seam of coal at a depth of 185 feet, one small coal associated with a capping calcareous bed at the depth of 95 feet, and a black shale under a limestone at the very surface of the bed rock under the drift, fifty feet below the surface. The spiral shell of an Ammo- discus was observed in cleavage surfaces of some shales in the "Upper Coal Measures" and presumably the same fossil, in the form of irregu- larly bending tubes occurred in some limestone at the depth of 100 feet. No. 5.— C. F. Curtis, No. 8. Location — NE. corner sec. 11, Oblong Township. Elevation — 475 feet (estimated). Depth in feet. From To Yellow boulder clay 1 10 Boulder clay and drift gravel 10 15 Drift gravel and sand 15 20 Drift gravel and sand, with some boulder clay 20 25 blatchlet] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. Logs — Continued. Drift sand and gravel Drift Drift sand and gravel Drift gravel and some sand Drift sand and gravel. A few bits of coal Drift sand and gravel Drift sand and gravel, with some shale Sandy micaceous shale Dark micaceous shale Sandy dark gray shale Sandstone, sandy shale and coal. Some fragments of limestone noted and some pyrites with woody fibre Black shale, fire clay and coal Gray and yellow limestone. Gray sandstone and coal with some shale Gray sandstone, micaceous and of fine texture Like the preceding, with some siderite Moderately coarse gray and yellow micaceous sand Gray shale, micaceous sand Moderately coarse micaceous sandstone Gray, fine sandstone, and yellow concretionary limestone, in which is considerable pyrite Gray micaceous sandy shale and concretionary siderite Gray micaceous sandy shale and a few pieces of yellow limestone Gray micaceous sandy shale Gray micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale, a few pieces of gray sandstone, some white limestone and coal Gray micaceous shale, with imprint of vegetation, some fire clay and pieces of white limestone Dark gray micaceous shale Dark gray and gray micaceous shale Dark micaceous shale Black shale, a few pieces of sandstone, siderite, yellow limestone and pyrite Black shale and coal, some pure calcite and white limestone Black shale and coal, some dark limestone and gray sandstone. . . Darkish gray limestone (nodular in structure), some coal gray sandstone and bits of pyrite Gray shale, concretionary yellow limestone, some white limestone, some gray sandstone, and some black coaly shale Yellowish limestone, some gray limestone, gray sandstone, some concretionary sandstone, a little coal and pyrite Greenish gray stony shale, with a few very thin laminae of coal. . Gray micaceous stony shale Dark gray stony shale Dark greenish gray shale of fine texture Dark shale of fine texture Gray sandstone, brown concretionary siderite, gray shale, black shale, gray limestone, crinoid stems and a few fragments of coal Gray shale and grayish brown fossiliferous limestone, with crinoid stems, brachiopod spines, pieces of shells, etc. A piece of con- cretionary siderite showed a fissure filled with clear calcite.... Gray shale, concretionary brown siderite, sandstone and coal. The limestone contains organic fragments. The coal is impure and shows very thin lamination Gray sandstone containing shreds of carbonaceous material and pyrite, with some shale Light gray thin-bedded micaceous sandstone, some pieces with infiltrated lime ., Mostly a grayish limestone containing some fine siliceous mate- rial, with some yellow and some white limestone and some black shale Gray limestone and some gray sandy lime, showing occasional obscure fragments of fossils Gray limestone and white limestone of waxy lustre Greenish gray micaceous and sandy shale and some lime Greenish gray shale of somewhat fine texture Dark gray shale of somewhat fine texture Gray shale Dark almost black micaceous shale, showing narrow traversions impregnated with thin green films of pyrite Black shale with shreds of carbonaceous vegetation. Some gray shale and some siderite Gray shale with carbonaceous shreds, some black coaly shale. A few pieces of siderite noted Gray and black, coaly shale and gray sandstone Gray sandstone, some gray shale and pieces of siderite 45 Depth in feet. From To 25 30 30 35 35 60 60 70 70 75 75 90 90 110 110 115 115 120 120 135 135 140 140 145 145 150 150 155 155 165 165 170 170 180 180 190 190 195 195 205 205 210 210 215 215 220 220 225 225 230 230 235 235 240 240 245 245 250 250 255 255 260 260 265 310 315 320 325 335 345 265 270 270 275 275 280 280 290 290 295 295 305 305 310 315 320 325 335 345 350 350 355 355 360 360 380 380 385 385 395 395 400 400 405 405 410 410 415 415 425 425 435 435 440 445 455 440 445 455 460 460 465 465 475 475 480 480 485 485 490 495 490 495 500 500 505 505 510 515 520 520 525 525 530 530 550 46 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Gray micaceous sandy shale, some gray shale and concretionary siderite Dark gray shale Dark gray shale and concretionary siderite Dark gray shale, with imprints of vegetation, and some siderite . . . Gray shale with imprints of vegetation. Some siderite and some carbonaceous shale Gray sandstone and white limestone, some fragments of coal and of concretionary siderite Gray micaceous shale, some yellow concretionary siderite, a little limestone and gray shale Gray micaceous sandy shale, some yellow limestone and siderite.. Dark gray sandy micaceous shale, some gray shale, concretionary siderite and some gray sandstone Dark micaceous shale Dark gray micaceous shale and some siderite Black limestone and some black shale, and some siderite. Crinoid stems noted Black limestone, some black shale, some coal and siderite. Crinoid stems noted Black limestone, some black shale, coal and siderite. A Fusulina lamellibranch ( ?) shell, Aviculopecten carboniferous, a minute gasteropod, and some crinoid spines and stems noted. The lime- stone yields bituminous and sulphurous odors when heated 510 515 Dark limestone, some pieces impregnated with small particles of pyrite, some coal and black shale, some siderite and fragments of white limestone and calcite Black limestone, a few pieces of coal, pyrite, siderite, white lime- stone and crinoid stems Gray micaceous sandstone, some black limestone, coal and gray shale with pyrite siderite and white limestone Gray micaceous sandstone White micaceous sandstone with some concretionary limestone and bits of coal 550 555 White micaceous sandstone and coal, with some fire clay, siderite, white limestone, much pyrite, and some calcite. Productus, Edmondia nebrascensis (?), Hemipronitus crassus, Chonetes punctatus (?), some small gasteropods, several crinoid spines and stems and a bryozoan like Rhombopora noted 555 560 Gray sandstone and coal, with some white limestone, pyrites, calcite, shale and a few crinoid stems 560 565 Dark gray shale, some coal, sandstone, pyrite and fire clay 565 570 Gray micaceous sandstone, with a little fire clay and shale 570 575 Gray micaceous sandstone, some of which is studded with spher- ules of pyrite measuring from 1 to 3 mm. in diameter, and showing faces of small cubic crystals on the surface 575 585 Gray micaceous shale 585 610 Gray micaceous shale and some siderite 610 615 Dark gray shale 615 620 Gray shale and some yellow limestone, concretionary siderite in large fragments and in minute spherules, coal and some sand- stone 620 625 Gray micaceous shale, a little yellow limestone, siderite, pyrite and coal 625 630 Gray micaceous sandstone and shale with siderite, fire clay and coal Gray micaceous sandstone and some shale Gray micaceous sandstone Gray micaceous sandstone, with some siderite Gray micaceous shale and some yellow limestone, and fire clay. . . . Dark gray shale, some fire clay and concretionary siderite Dark gray micaceous shale and a little yellow limestone and siderite Dark gray micaceous shale Dark gray and some micaceous black shale, with a little siderite.. Dark shale, with imprints of vegetation, and some fire clay Dark shale and concretionary siderite Dark micaceous shale and some siderite Dark gray micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale and some sandstone Gray laminated sandstone and black shale Dark shale, concretionary siderite and a little sandstone Hard black shale Black shale, some coal and sandstone and a little siderite Gray micaceous shale, some yellow limestone, some black shale and a few bits of coal Black shale and a few fragments of yellow limestone and coal Black micaceous shale Coal and a few pieces of black shale 630 635 635 640 640 645 645 650 650 655 655 660 660 675 675 680 680 685 685 690 690 695 695 700 700 715 715 725 725 730 730 735 735 740 740 745 745 750 750 755 755 760 760 765 blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. Logs — Continued. Coal and black shale, some white limestone, a little sandstone siderite and bits of pyrite Gray sandstone, some dark shale, bits of coal and limestone Gray micaceous sandstone and a little yellow limestone Dark micaceous shale and a little siderite Black shale and. a little coal. A little gray limestone noted Black shale, a little coal and a little sandstone Dark pyritiferous shale and some gray sandstone Gray micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale and a few bits of coal 47 Depth in feet. From To 765 770 770 775 775 790 790 795 795 800 800 805 805 815 815 820 820 825 No. 6.— J". M. Drake, No. 23. Location — NE. % sec. 9, Oblong Township. Elevation — 490 feet (estimated). Depth in feet. From To Gray limestone, some yellow limestone and bits of shale 200 205 White and yellow limestone, concretionary siderite, some gray sandstone and a piece of quartz 205 210 Yellow and white limestone, gray sandstone, concretionary siderite and some dark shale 210 215 Gray sandstone, some yellow sandstone, siderite, quartz fragments, yellow limestone and a few pieces of bright green sandstone.... 215 220 Yellow limestone, some siderite, shale and sandstone and red quartz (from drift?) 220 225 White and yellow limestone and a few pieces of dark shale 225 230 White limestone 230 250 Very fine micaceous white sand and limestone 250 270 Dark gray micaceous sandy shale 270 275 Dark micaceous shale 275 285 Black shale and gray sandstone, with a little limestone 285 290 Dark limestone, some yellow limestone and bits of coal 290 295 Black shale, a little yellow limestone and a few fragments of coal 295 300 Gray shale, some yellow limestone and coal 300 305 Gray shale and some yellow limestone 305 310 Gray shale 310 315 Gray shale and some yellow limestone 315 320 Gray shale 320 330 Gray shale and a little yellow limestone 330 335 Gray micaceous shale and some micaceous sandy shale 335 340 Gray shale 340 350 Concretionary siderite with a little yellow limestone and shale. A Cyathophylid coral noted 350 355 Gray shale and a little yellow limestone 355 360 Gray shale, yellow limestone and some sandstone. The shale contains shreds of vegetation 360 365 Gray shale and concretionary siderite 365 370 Gray limestone and some gray shale 3 70 375 White limestone. A crinoid stem noted 375 380 White limestone, some greenish sandstone and a few bits of coal. . 380 385 Gray micaceous sandstone and white limestone 385 390 Gray shale and a little limestone 390 395 White limestone and some gray shale 395 400 Gray shale and some limestone 400 405 Concretionary siderite. some dark shale, bits of coal and pyrite.... 405 410 Gray sandy shale and siderite. Some yellow limestone 410 415 Dark gray shale, some siderite and yellow limestone 415 420 Gray sandy shale and some siderite 420 425 Gray sandy shale, black shale and some siderite 425 435 Gray micaceous sandstone and a few bits of yellow limestone 435 440 Gray micaceous sandstone 440 445 Gray micaceous sandstone with shreds of vegetation. A few small pieces of siderite 445 460 Gray micaceous sandstone and a few small pieces of white lime- stone 460 465 Gray micaceous sandstone with shreds of vegetation 465 470 Gray micaceous sandstone, some dark shale, a few bits of coal, and nyrite showing woody tissue 470 475 Gray micaceous sandstone and white limestone. A little dark shale noted 475 480 Gray sandy shale and yellow limestone 480 485 Gray sandy shale and white limestone. Some yellow limestone.... 485 490 Sandstone with infiltrated lime, white limestone, and a few small spherical siderite concretions 490 495 48 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Gray micaceous sandy shale, some yellowish limestone, white sand- stone and a little, dark shale White sandstone, some dark shale and yellow limestone Dark gray shale Dark shale, fire clay, and some white limestone Dark gray shale Dark limestone, some dark shale, crinoid stems and some other organic material noted. Tuberculated- crinoid spine noted like that in S. G. McCleave well, 505-510, Fusulina noted Dark limestone, coal, some yellow limestone and several crinoid stems noted Gray micaceous sandstone and a few pieces of coal Gray micaceous sandstone, a few bits of coal and siderite Gray micaceous shaly sandstone, some siderite and a little limestone Gray shale Dark gray shale Gray shale, some siderite and bits of pyrite Gray shale and a little coal Black shale and gray micaceous shale Black micaceous shale and gray sandstone Gray micaceous sandy and some black shale Gray micaceous shale and black shale Gray micaceous sandy shale and a little black shale Gray micaceous sandstone and some siderite Gray micaceous shale, some sandstone and siderite Dark micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale with shreds of vegetation Gray sandy shale *».... Gray shale Dark gray shale and some siderite Dark gray shale, some siderite and yellow limestone Dark shale, and siderite concretions Dark shale, some siderite and a little white limestone Gray shale Gray sandstone, a few bits of pyrite and siderite Gray sandstone Gray sandy shale Dark shale and gray sandy shale Dark gray shale and some siderite Dark gray shale Dark shale and some siderite Dark shale, and a little siderite Dark shale, a little white sandstone and siderite Dark shale and concretionary siderite Dark shale Black shale Black shale and some sandstone Gray micaceous sandstone and a little black shale Gray shale and micaceous sandstone Gray micaceous shale and little sand Coal and gray shale Gray shale, some fire clay, a little coal and bits of pyrite Gray shale and some gray micaceous sandstone jray micaceous sandy shale and some gray shale Gray micaceous shale Gray sandy micaceous shale Gray shale and concretionary siderite Coal Black carbonaceous shale and some gray shale Black shale, gray sandstone and a little coal White sandstone and a little white limestone Dark shale and some white sandstone with infiltrated lime Dark shale and some white sandstone with infiltrated lime Dark shale, white sandstone, with infiltrated lime, some small Dark shale, white micaceous sandstone, and bits of coal White micaceous sandstone - Dark shale and micaceous sandstone Black micaceous shale, a little white limestone and a few bits tions Gray micaceous shale Hard black shale and a few pieces of white limestone Gray sandstone and black shale. Small spherical siderite concre- tions and bits of pyrite Black shale Black shale and a very few pieces of white limestone Black micaceous shale, white sandstone and some siderite concre- of coal Black micaceous shale and a little limestone White sandstone and dark shale Depth in feet. From To 495 505 505 515 515 520 520 525 525 530 530 540 540 545 545 550 550 555 555 560 560 565 565 570 570 575 575 580 580 585 585 590 590 595 595 600 600 605 605 610 610 615 615 620 620 625 625 635 635 640 640 645 645 650 650 655 655 660 660 670 670 680 680 685 685 690 690 695 695 710 710 715 715 725 725 735 735 745 745 755 755 760 760 765 765 770 770 775 775 780 780 785 785 790 790 795 795 800 800 810 810 820 820 825 825 830 830 835 835 840 840 845 845 850 850 860 850 860 865 870 870 875 875 880 880 885 885 890 890 895 895 900 900 905 905 91C 910 915 915 920 920 930 BLATCHLET] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 49 Logs — Continued. White micaceous sandstone containing carbonaceous shreds and a little black shale Dark shale and some white micaceous sandstone Like the preceding with a few bits of coal Dark micaceous shale White micaceous sandstone, some shale and a few bits of lime- stone - Gray micaceous shale, black shale and some sandstone Gray shale and some sandstone White micaceous sandstone and some dark shale Gray micaceous sandy shale and a few pieces of white limestone . . Gray shale and some sandstone .- Gray shale Black shale and a little gray sandstone with infiltrated lime Gray micaceous shale, some grayish green pieces of shale and a few bits of limestone Dark shale and a little sandstone Dark shale ' Yellow micaceous sand Yellow micaceous sand and some dark shale Depth in feet. From To 930 935 935 955 955 960 960 965 965 975 975 980 980 985 985 995 995 1,005 1,005 1.01Q 1,010 1,020 1,020 1,030 1,030 1,045 1,045 1,050 1,050 1,055 1,055 1,060 1,060 1,065 No. 7— J. E. Wilson, No. 21. Location— W. % NW. % sec. 17, T. 7 N. Elevation — 490 feet (estimated). R. 12 W., Robinson Township. Depth in From Dark gray shale, fine 200 Gray shale, fragments of concretions and coal 205 Shale, sandy, micaceous, light gray 210 Micaceous sandstone, light gray and of fine texture 215 Gray micaceous sandy shale 220 Laminated, dark and light gray micaceous shale 225 Gray, stony shale 230 Elack shale and some gray shale 245 Gray shaly sandstone with infiltrated lime 250 Gray sandstone and shale 255 Gray sandstone, some limestone 260 Gray sandy shale, some limestone 265 Gray sandy shale and concretionary siderite, some limestone 270 Dark gray shale ' 275 Gray sandstone and yellowish sandstone with infiltrated lime 280 Coarse white sandstone, yellow micaceous sandstone and some gray shale ■ 285 Coarse white sandstone and gray shale 290 White sandstone, some micaceous sandstone, little dark shale and limestone 295 Gray micaceous sandy shale, some gray shale 300 Gray micaceous sandy shale 305 Gray micaceous shale 310 Gray micaceous shale, some fragments of limestone 320 Dark gray shale, few bits of limestone 325 Dark gray shale and a few fragments of limestone and siderite.. 330 Gray shale, siderite concretion, some bits of limestone and pyrite. . 335 Dark gray and black shale 340 Gray shale, limestone and siderite concretions, some quartz grains 345 Gray micaceous sandy shale and black micaceous shale, a few bits of limestone : 350 Gray micaceous sandy shale 355 Dark gray shale 360 White organic limestone, brecciated. crinoid stems. Rhombooora, lepidodendroides, ethyris, (?), and fragments of other brach- iopods noted. One fragment with peculiar finely reticulate structure noted 370 Yellowish gray limestone, organic breccia 375 Red shale and gray shale, with some black shale 380 Fire clay, some fragments, of coal and green shale 385 Greenish gray shaly sandstone 390 Like the preceding, with some limestone 395 Light gray micaceous shale 400 Light gray sandy shale 405 Dark gray stony shale 410 ' Micaceous sray sandy shale, with a few fragments of coai 425 Micaceous sandy shale and shaly sand, laminated, showing shreds of vegetation 430 —4 Gr feet. To 205 210 215 220 225 230 245 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 290 295 300 305 310 320 325 330 335 340 345 350 355 360 370 375 380 385 390 395 400 405 410 425 430 435 50 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Laminated sandstone, shaly, carbonaceous 435 440 Micaceous sandy gray shale, with bits of carbonaceous shreds... 440 445 Gray shaly sandstone with carbonaceous laminae 445 450 Dark and light sandy shale, laminated 450 460 Gray shaly sandstone, coal and some calcite from a joint in the coal 460 465 Greenish gray shaly limestone of compact texture 465 470 Sandy shale, gray and yellow limestone 470 475 Gray micaceous sandstone, with some limestone 475 480 Sandstone with concretionary impregnations of yellow limestone.. 480 485 Dark, almost black, stiff shale 485 490 Black limestone, organic 490 495 Coal 495 500 Black shale, with imprints of leaves 500 505 Coal, some shale 505 510 Limestone and some micaceous shaly sandstone 510 515 Coarse white sandstone, and pyrite and some white brecciated limestone 515 520 Micaceous coarse sand 520 525 Micaceous, coarse sand, with some gray shale and limestone 525 530 White micaceous sandstone 530 535 White micaceous sand, and some coal and limestone 535 540 Dark blotchy brown limestone, with chonetes, productus, Fusulina, Rhombopora, Fistulipora, crinoid stems, some coal and some black carbonaceous shale 540 545 Micaceous and carbonaceous gray shale 545 550 Dark blotchy limestone with crinoid joints 550 555 Coal 555 560 White sandstone, specked with minute crystals of pyrite and some dark shale 560 565 White, micaceous and pyritiferous sandstone. Some black "clod" with Athyris valve 565 570 No sample 570 575 Gray sandstone with concretions of siderite and limestone 575 580 Gray shale, with concretionary material as in preceding sample. . . 580 585 Dark gray shale 585 590 Dark gray shale, some sand 590 595 Black shale 595 605 Dark shale of fine texture 605 610 Black calcareous stony shale 610 615 Black shale of finest texture 615 620 Greenish gray shaly sandstone, with pyrite crystals 620 625 Greenish gray shale, sandy 625 630 Gray sandy shale and fire clay, with bituminous films in thin joints 630 635 Greenish shale, pyritiferous 635 640 Light greenish gray shale, soapstone 640 645 Gray shale and micaceous sandstone 645 650 Sandstone, gray, soft 650 655 Shaly, micaceous and laminated sandstone, and black shale 655 660 Dark gray sandy shale 660 670 Dark shale 670 675 Black shale 675 680 Laminated sandy shale 680 685 Greenish gray, stony shale 685 690 Black shale, with coal, considerable pyrite and frequent frag- ments of pyritized woody tissue 690 695 Black and gray shale, stony and sandy 695 700 Gray sandy shale 700 705 Dark shale of fine texture 705 715 Gray sandy rock, with some coal, some pyrite and minute spheri- cal concretions of siderite 715 720 Black carbonaceous shale and coal, some dark limestone. Some pieces of coal show woody structure 720 725 Dark limestone and black shale, crinoid stems and pieces of pyrite 725 730 Black shale 730 735 Dark sandy shale, little fire clay and limestone (yellow) 735 740 Black sandy micaceous shale 740 745 Coal, some black sandy shale, pyrite showing woody structure. . . . 745 750 White micaceous sand, coal and some fire clay 750 755 No sample 755 760 White sand, bits of yellow limestone 760 765 Gray sandstone, some yellow limestone and black shale 765 770 Dark gray shale and limestone, some sandstone and bits of pyrite 770 775 Black shale, some dark limestone and pyrite fragments 775 780 Black shale, some pyrite 780 785 Dark gray shale 785 790 Gray sandy shale, few pieces of siderite concretions 790 795 Gray sandstone and bits of siderite 795 800 Gray sandy micaceous shale 800 805 BLATCHLET] CRAWFORD COUNTY LOGS. 51 Logs — Continued. White micaceous sandstone, gray micaceous sandy shale, little limestone and oxidized red fragments White micaceous sandstone, some gray sandy shale, and oxidized fragments White sandstone, some dark shale White sandstone, some dark shale, and oxidized red material.... White micaceous sandstone, some dark shale White sandstone White micaceous sandstone, with a little gray shale and oxidized red material Dark sandy shale Black micaceous shale, with some yellow coarse grained sandstone Yellow sandstone, coarse grained and some black shale Gray sand, little black micaceous shale Black micaceous shale and some gray sand Depth in feet. From To 805 810 810 815 815 825 825 830 830 835 835 840 840 845 845 850 850 855 855 860 860 870 870 885 No. 8 .— C. T. Cochran, No. 9. Location— NE. corner SW. % sec. 21, Montgomery Township. Elevation — Unknown. Depth in feet. From To Yellow sandstone, disintegrated 1 6 Yellow sandstone : • • • • •. 6 1Z Yellow sandstone with infiltrated lime and oxidized siderite con- cretions Yellow sandstone, and sandstone concretions 19 24 Yellow sandstone, siderite concretions, and some black crinoidal limestone 24 38 Yellow sand, dark calcareous limestone and siderite concretions. . 38 45 Brown coarse sandstone, dark limestone, siderite concretions, spherical, one-half inch in diameter 45 51 Gray sandstone with infiltrated lime and siderite concretions 51 58 Gray sandstone with infiltrated lime, and siderite concretions.... 58 64 Dark gray shale 64 78 Black shale 78 85 Gray micaceous sandy shale 85 91 Gray micaceous shaly sandstone 91 98 Gray shale 98 104 Gray shale, siderite, a few fragments of coal 104 111 Gray shale and siderite Ill 117 Black shale 117 124 Gray sandy shale, fragments of coal 124 130 Gray micaceous shale 130 137 Fine gray laminated sandstone, black shale 137 143 Gray sandstone, black shale and brown limestone 143 150 Gray sandstone, brown limestone and black shale 150 156 Brown limestone, gray shale and gray sandstone 156 163 Gray shale, gray sandstone, and fragments of siderite concretions 163 170 Gray laminated micaceous sandstone, and siderite concretions... 170 176 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone 176 223 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone, a few pieces of coal, pyrite and siderite 223 231 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone, with infiltrated lime 231 237 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone with infiltrated lime and frag- ments of black shale 237 244 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone with infiltrated lime, and frag- ments of impure coal 244 250 Gray shaly sandstone, and concretions of brown limestone 250 257 Gray sandy shale 257 270 Greenish gray shale with infiltrated lime 270 276 Gray micaceous sandstone 276 296 Coarse gray sand 296 309 Coarse gray sand with carbonaceous folia 309 315 Coarse gray sand 315 328 Coal and fire clay, a few fragments of mottled limestone 328 335 Gray sandstone 335 341 Gray sandstone and limestone 341 348 Gray calcareous limestone 348 361 Greenish gray sandstone and gray calcareous limestone 361 367 Gray shale and calcareous limestone 367 374 Gray micaceous shale, with some gray calcareous limestone 374 380 Gray micaceous sandstone and gray shale 380 387 Gray shale 387 . 413 Gray sandy shale 413 419 Gray sandy micaceous shale 419 432 ilttRAk a i i^v «* *- inoi. 52 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Concluded. Depth in feet. From To Coarse gray sandstone with carbonaceous folia 432 439 Gray shale 439 445 Gray shale, micaceous 445 452 Coal, siderite concretions, pyrite crystals and a few white gypsum crystals 452 465 Gray micaceous shaly sandstone 465 471 Gray micaceous sandstone with infiltrated lime 471 478 Gray shale, gray sandstone 478 497 Coal, gray shale, dark limestone, pyrite and a few crinoid stems noted 497 504 Coal, pyrite, and a few crinoid stems noted 504 510 Coarse gray micaceous sandstone with infiltrated lime 510 523 Coarse gray micaceous sand 523 530 Gray micaceous sandy shale 530 536 Gray shale, fragments of coal and pyrite 536 543 Black shale, some limestone, and numerous crinoid stems noted.. 543 549 Gray micaceous sandstone 549 556 Dark limestone with Chonetes punctatus. Rhombopora lepido- dendroides and showing some intensely green specks. Presence of Fusulina uncertain '. 556 562 Coal, some limestone 562 569 Gray sandy shale, some pyrite 569 575 Gray sandy micaceous shale 575 582 Coarse gray sand with fragments of black shale 582 588 Gray sandstone with some limestone 588 595 Gray shaly sandstone 595 608 Gray shale and sandstone 608 621 Gray shale 621 666 Black and gray shale 666 673 Black shale 673 679 Brown limestone, greenish and reddish, dolomitic, shaly limestone, and black gray shale 679 686 Gray limestone, some gray shale and fragments of brown lime- stone, two small gasteropods 686 692 Coal, some gray and and brown limestone 692 699 Gray sandy micaceous shale 699 705 Gray shale 705 712 Gray sandy micaceous shale 712 725 Gray shale 725 731 Black shale 731 737 Black and gray shale 737 743 Black stiff shale 743 750 Coal, some gray shale 750 756 Coarse gray sandstone with infiltrated lime, fragments of coal, and gray shale 756 763 Gray sandy micaceous shale 763 769 Black shale, coarse gray sandstone, fragments of coal 769 775 Gray sandy shale, black shale 775 781 Gray micaceous shale, gray sandstone with infiltrated lime 781 787 Gray shale and gray micaceous shale 787 793 Gray shale 793 806 Black stiff shale 806 813 Coal, and fire clay 813 820 Gray shale 820 834 Gray micaceous sand and shale 83 4 840 Yellow micaceous sand 840 846 Gray shale 846 862 Gray shale with fragments of gray sandstone 862 873 Gray and black shale 873 884 Black shale 884 895 Gray shale 895 906 Grav sandstone with shreds of vegetation and a few fragments of coal 906 912 Gray sandstone with shreds of vegetation 912 923 Gray micaceous sandstone 923 928 White micaceous sand with fragments of shale 928 934 Gray laminated sandstone 934 940 Gray laminated sandstone, brown sandstone 940 952 Brown sandstone (note on sack "Oil 952 to 973"), gray sandstone 952 958 Brown sandstone, some gray sandstone 958 964 Brown sandstone, some gray sandstone, pyrite 964 970 Brown sandstone, some gray sand 970 975 Stratigraphy. Pleistocene. The records in Plate II give an idea of the difference in thickness of the drift overlying the hard rocks. Some records show it to be thin, due blatchley] PENNSYLVANIA^ FORMATIONS. 53 to conditions of erosion and deposition. The drift, measures from 25 to 110 feet in the examined logs; while a number of logs over the field show an average of 75 feet to the bed rock, on which the drive-pipe is set. Pennsylvania™. The Pennsylvanian or "Coal Measures" rocks are separable into three divisions; an upper part, the McLeansboro formation, middle part, the Carbondale formation, and a basal part, the Pottsville formation. McLeansboro Formation — The rocks of the McLeansboro formation lie between the top of Herrin (No. 6) coal and bed rock near the sur- face. From measurements and estimates of logs in the section the aver- age thickness of the formation is found to be about 485 feet. Shales and sandstones dominate in this division and are accompanied by several streaks of limestone and many coals. One well reports seven beds of coal. The most conspicuous bed of these rocks is the limestone used as a key line in the section. Dr. Udden describes it as a dark limestone containing Fusulina fossils. All of the records show notations of Fusulina except Nos. 2 and 3. The position of the bed is estimated in No. 2 by comparison with No. 1 and is thought to lie at a depth of about 560 feet. The black limestone at 490 feet in No. 3, al- though no Fusulina are reported, seems to correlate with other logs of the section and is designated as that horizon. An effort is being made by geologists to determine this bed over Illinois by its fossils and thus procure a definite marker for the Herrin (No. 6) coal immediately underneath. The two limestones noted at 200 and 300 feet by Dr. Udden, in well No. 2, page 35; and alluded to as possibly equivalent to the limestone 160 feet above No. 6 coal at Belleville and the Carlinville limestone, suggest their possible correlations through the columnar section. The interval between the two limestones is about 130 feet. The interval be- tween the upper or Carlinville (?) limestone and the "Fusulina" lime- stone is about 365 feet and the interval between the lower limestone and the key bed is about 220 feet. In other sections of the State, the Carlinville limestone is about 250 feet above the overlying limestone of the Herrin coal. The red shale spoken of elsewhere as lying in the McLeansboro is reported only in logs No. 4 and 7 at depths of 270 and 380 feet respectively. The intervals between the red bed and the "Fusulina" limestone are respectively 210 and 160 feet. Carbondale Formation — The rocks of the Carbondale formation lie between the tops of Herrin (No. 6) and Murphysboro (No. 2) coals. The Herrin coal is the first beneath the "Fusulina" limestone. The Murphysboro coal lies above the Pottsville sandstones and is usually separated from these by shales or a thin limestone. The Carbondale formation is mostly shale, with sandy shales at the bottom. There are either three or four coals noted in each record. The columnar section shows much irregularity between the Herrin and the lowest coal. The thickness of the division varies from 200 to 450 feet. Logs 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 show an average interval of 310 feet between the Herrin coal and the Pottsville. In type localities of other sections of Illinois, the inter- val is between 300 and 350 feet. 54 OIL FIELDS OF CKAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Pottsville Formation — The Pottsville rocks are the lowest members of the Pennsylvania!! and are essentially coarse sandstones merging into sandy shales at the top and occasionally split with lenses of shale. The lower portions of the records used in the columnar section are pre- dominantly sandstones and in position correspond with Pottsville beds. These rocks lie below the Murphysboro (No. 2) coal. The sandstone at the base of the sections is known as the Eobinson sand. There are as many as four distinct lenses of this sand interbedded with shale. The upper portion of the sand rocks are oil-bearing but lower down they yield much salt water. Lawrence County. The explored rocks of Lawrence County lie in the Pennsylvanian and. Mississippian series. These major divisions are overlain with unequal thicknesses of drift. The Pennsylvanian rocks are from 800 to 1,300 feet thick. This great variation in thickness is due to the unconformity at the top of the Mississippian, accentuated by preexisting structure and preglacial erosion. The Mississippian rocks are not completely pene- trated but they have been well explored to a depth of 475 feet below their top. The columnar section, Plate IIIA, is made up of logs from all sections of Lawrence county. They are plotted in order from south to north. The top of the wide-spread Ste. Genevieve limestone, known locally as the McClosky sand, is used as a key bed through the columnar section. All records are plotted with respect to this line. The section is made up of the following records, which correspond by number to those printed on Plate 3. LOGS. NO. 1. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Laughlin, No. 1. Location— SE. % sec. 32, Lukin Township. Elevation— 469 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Sand and clay, yellow, soft 20 20 Slate, white 15 35 Limestone shell 3 38 Slate, white 7 45 Limestone shell 48 Slate, white 12 60 Sand, loose, (water) '. 9 69 Slate, white 66 135 Limestone shells 5 140 Shale, black •. . . 40 180 Limestone shell •. 2 182 Slate, black, loose 18 200 Limestone shell, white 4 204 Slate 56 260 Sand, white loose (hole full of water, 290 feet) 30 290 Limestone 21 311 Slate, black and white 89 400 Limestone shell, white 4 404 Sandy limestone, white, (water, 410 feet) 6 410 Limestone shell, white 12 422 Slate, black 5 427 Limestone shell, gray 11 438 Red rock 7 445 Slate, white 55 500 Shale and slate, black 105 605 55 )th et .26 32 ;90 ;93 10 30 '80 '82 ;30 172 177 180 !85 140 145 180 )76 >86 (96 .25 .56 .80 !15 !35 !00 ',04 115 !38 545 140 150 506 514 514 '32 T45 750 T75 ?32 ?50 565 *70 ?75 *95 )00 )20 )30 )85 )00 )12 330 LOO L30 L52 L56 160 165 165 Of >et. To 5 20 25 35 40 54 of sa lo dc T at as u] m 5LATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. Logs — Continued. 3andy slate, white limestone shell •" Shale, brown Liimestone shell Slate, white Shale, brown, hard Slate, white, soft Limestone shell, white Slate, white 3and, white, (salt water, 830 feet) Broken lime, black, loose Shale, black Limestone shell, white Slate, black, soft Sand, brown, bridged Slate, white Slate and shale, black Limestone and sand, (water, 1,086 feet) Shale, black Limestone, white Slate, black Sand and broken limestone, white, soft Sandy slate, white Slate, white, soft Sandy shale Limestone, white, hard Sand, white, soft Sandy clay, brown Limestone, white Slate, black Limestone, white Slate, white, soft Sand, brown, (show of oil, 1,506 to 1,514 feet) Limestone, white Sand, (water) (show of oil, 1,705 to 1,732 feet) Limestone Slate Sand, (hole full of water, 1,775 feet) Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Limestone shell Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Slate Sand, (oil show, 1,985 to 2,000 feet) Shale, hard, black Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Sand, (show of oil) Slate Limestone Total depth 55 Feet less Depth t Feet 21 626 6 632 58 690 3 693 17* 710 20 730 50 • 780 2 : 782 48 830 42 872 5 877 3 880 5 885 55 940 5 945 35 " 080 96 1.076 10 1,086 10 1,096 29 1,125 31 1,156 24 1,180 35 1,215 20 1,235 65 1,300 4 1.304 11 1,315 23 1,338 7 1,345 95 1,440 10 1,450 56 1,506 8 1,514 100 1,614 118 1,732 13 1,745 5 1,750 25 1,775 57 1,832 18 1,850 15 1,865 5 1,870 5 1,875 20 1,895 5 1,900 20 1,920 10 1,930 55 1,985 15 2,000 12 2.012 18 2,030 70 2,100 30 2,130 22 2,152 4 2,156 4 2,160 5 2,165 2,165 No. 2. Operators — Ohio Oil Company. Farm and well — W. H. Snyder, No. 7. Location — SW. % NW. % sec. 25, Dennison Township. Elevation — 495 feet. (This record was compiled by Dr. J. A. Udden from an examination of well samples.) Loess Loess, silty Gray sandy limestone and micaceous and calcareous sand. Spher- ules of pyrite noted, measuring from 14 to 1 mm. in diameter. . Micaceous gray sandstone with occasional shreds of carbonaceous material Sandy shale Depth in From feet. To 1 5 5 20 20 25 25 35 35 40 Depth in From feet. To 40 45 45 50 50 55 5G OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Lags — Continued. Gray shale Gray sandstone, coal, black shale and pieces of gray limestone. There were crinoid stems, one crinoid plate from a calyx and an umbo of a small brachiopod Light gray shale of fine texture. No effervescence Gray calcareous and sandy rock, with much concretionary calcare- ous material. One large fragment was black concretionary limestone with imbedded minute white shells and tubes, appar- ently small gasteropods or formanifera 55 60 Shaly sandstone, some shale, white and yellow limestone of con- cretionary appearance, and some coal Sandy shale of very light gray color Dark gray micaceous shale Dark shale and black shale, fragments of concretionary limestone, Nucula beyrichi ( ?) crinoid stems, tubes of Ammodiscus, and fragments of concretionary limestone Black shale Black shale, black calcareous "clod," occasional pieces of coal, crinoid stems, "mineral charcoal" showing woody structure, pyrite and calcite Gray sandy micaceous shale Gray micaceous sandstone Gray sandy shale, black shale and coal, with some calcareous material Gray sandy and micaceous shale Fine gray sand. Fine gray shaly sand Fine gray shaly sand with dark shaly laminae Laminated shaly sandstone Laminated gray sandy shale Dark micaceous and sandy shale Dark shale, micaceous Sandy shale and sandstone Coarse, micaceous gray sand Micaceous gray shale Dark shale of fine texture Dark shale, black shale, some sandstone, impure coal, and frag- ments of limestone, yellow. Crinoid stems and a small gas- teropod noted , 230 235 Fire clay, sandy shale, and concretionary yellow limestone, which is fossil-bearing. A few fragments of coal noted Gray shale Gray stony shale Dark micaceous shale Gray micaceous shale Dark micaceous shale Gray shaly sandstone and sandy shale Gray micaceous sand of fine texture ^ Gray sand and some lumps of light fire clay or shale containing imprints of leaves Clean and white micaceous sand Gray micaceous sandstone Light gray fire clay, coal, some sandstone, and a little limestone. Minute spherules of siderite present in the fire clay 335 340 Cream-white limestone of fine granular homogeneous texture, with occasional minute green specks, and occasional indistinct organic fragments White limestone of fine uniform texture. Some fragments show a fine reticutale, clastic (?) structure. Some greenish shale and pyrite • Brownish red marly clay and limestone Red marl, greenish marl, and white limestone White limestone of fine uniform texture, with a few fragments of gray shaly limestone 360 365 Gray sandstone, biotitic and impregnated with irregular kernels and layers of yellow limestone 365 370 Some sandstone, some white limestone, yellow lime and some frag- ments of a slowly effervescing material 370 375 Dirty dark marl and limestone, with some fragments of bright red marl, and some black fragments Grav sandstone Very dark shaly sandstone, bituminous and green shale Dark, almost biack, sandy micaceous shale Dark £ray shale of fine texture Gray micaceous shaly sandstone and some white limestone Dark gray shale of fine texture, coal Dark gray shale of fine texture and some white limestone Gray micaceous laminated sandstone 60 65 65 70 70 90 90 100 100 105 105 110 110 120 120 140 140 145 145 155 155 165 165 170 170 175 175 180 180 185 185 195 195 200 200 205 205 215 215 225 225 230 235 240 240 245 245 250 250 255 255 260 260 265 265 270 270 310 310 315 315 320 320 335 340 345 345 350 350 355 355 360 375 380 380 385 385 390 390 400 400 405 405 410 410 415 415 425 425 430 feLATOHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 57 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Dark gray shale and some brown clay 430 435 Dark gray sandstone with layers of carbonate of iron 435 440 Dark gray micaceous shale, and dark gray sandstone with layers of carbonate of iron 440 445 Dark gray micaceous shale ; dark gray sandstone with layers of carbonate of lime, and a few fragments of limestone 445 450 Dark gray shale, siderite and pyrite 450 455 Dark gray shale of fine texture and some siderite 455 460 Dark gray micaceous shale, and gray sandstone with layers of carbonate of iron 460 470 Dark gray shale, sandstone, and sandstone with carbonate of iron 470 475 Dark gray shale of fine texture and some siderite 475 480 Dark gray micaceous shale, and some siderite 480 485 Dark gray shale, dark micaceous shale, and siderite 485 495 Dark gray shale, white and dark limestone 495 500 Siderite concretions showing cracks filled with calcite, gray lime- stone and shale 500 505 Gray shaly sandstone, siderite concretions and some gray lime- stone 505 510 Gray shaly sandstone, fragments of white and gray limestone 510 515 Gray sandy shale, siderite and fragments of gray limestone 515 520 Dark gray shale, some greenish shale, siderite, and fragments of gray limestone 520 525 Dark gray micaceous shale, and some siderite 525 530 Dark gray shale, some greenish shale and some siderite 530 535 Dark shale, siderite and some brown limestone 535 540 Dark shale, siderite, fragments of limestone, and a part of a crinoid stem noted 540 545 Dark shale and fragments of limestone 545 560 Black shale with organic calcareous fragments. Crinoid stems and Rhombopora lepidodendroides noted. Spherules of siderite present. Spines of Productus (?) 560 565 Black shale with organic calcareous material, limestone, frag- ments of gray micaceous sandstone, numerous crinoid stems noted, also siderite. Hustedis, Chonetes punctatus, Rhombo- pora lepidodendroides, gasteropods and crinoid stems noted, as also spines of Productus (?) 565 570 Black shale with calcareous material, fragments of limestone and sandstone, small gasteropods, numerous crinoid stems, and spines of producti noted 570 575 Coal, gray shale, limestone, numerous crinoid stems and pyrite noted 575 580 Brownish dark limestone, gray shale, and fragments of coal. Considerable pyrite, fossil wood in fragments 580 585 Brownish dark limestone, gray shale, some crinoid stems and Chonetes noted 585 590 Gray micaceous shale, gray shale, gray limestone and brown limestone 590 595 Gray sandy shale, fragments of brown and gray limestone 595 600 Dark gray shale of a fine texture and some pyrite 600 605 Dark gray shale of a fine texture, some gray micaceous shale, pyrite and fragments of coal • 605 610 Dark gray shale of a fine texture 610 620 Dark gray micaceous shale 620 625 Dark gray shale and fragments of limestone 625 630 Dark gray micaceous shale and some pyrite 630 635 Dark gray shale, fragments of coal and limestone 635 640 Dark gray shale, fragments of limestone and some pyrite 640 645 Light gray sandstone of fine texture, and fragments of black shale 645 650 Light gray sandstone, and some fragments of black shale 650 660 Dark gray shale and light gray sandstone 660 665 Light gray micaceous fine sand 665 680 Fine white micaceous sand with infiltrated lime 680 685 Fine white micaceous sand and some dark gray shale 685 695 Fine gray micaceous sand with infiltrated, lime 695 700 Dark gray shale and gray sandstone 700 705 Gray micaceous laminated sandstone 705 710 Coai, some gray shale, and a few fragments of limestone 710 715 Gray micaceous laminated sandstone and some coal 715 720 Micaceous sandstone 720 725 Dark grav shale 725 730 Black shale of fine texture 730 735 Very dark stony shale of fine texture 735 740 Gray micaceous sandstone, some black shale and fragments of white limestone 740 745 Gray micaceous sandstone, soft and containing calcareous mate- rial 745 750 58 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Micaceous sandstone 750 755 Dark shale, sandstone, coal, with some limestone fragment's'.'...'.'. 755 760 Fire clay, black shale, coal, sandstone, a few fragments of lime- stone, yellow siderite, spherical concretions, measuring from V 8 to 2 mm. in diameter 760 770 Dark shaly clay and micaceous clay, with coal, sandstone',' and small spherical concretions of siderite 770 775 Dark clayey shale and some micaceous and sandy shale ... 775 780 Gray clayey shale of fine texture with some stony and micaceous shale 7g0 790 Dark gray shale, in part sandy, in part of fine texture. Much pyrite, some pyritized wood coal and "mineral charcoal" 790 795 Light gray shale or fire clay 795 800 Light gray fire clay, white sandstone, coal and some fragments of white and yellow limestone 800 805 Gray clay shale or fire clay, coal, and white sandstone 805 810 Fire clay, sandy gray shale, black shale, coal and brown siderite.. 810 815 Soft gray micaceous sandstone, with thin carbonaceous laminae black shale, brown siderite, pyrite and some fragments of fissured white limestone 815 820 Black shale containing calcareous organic fragments, and gray sandstone containing thin layers of shaly material, pyrite and spherules of gray lime measuring about y 2 mm. in diameter 820 825 Dark shale and greenish gray sandy fire clay 825 830 Gray micaceous sandstone, fire clay and black shale with white limestone. Crinoid stems noted 830 840 Black shale and gray micaceous sandstone, brown siderite and white limestone and partly pyritized mineral charcoal 840 845 Gray micaceous sandstone, laminated, gray marly shale 845 850 Laminated dark shale and sandstone, with a few fragments of coal, apparently from thin seam in rock 850 855 Gray sandstone and sandy shale, with black shale, impure coal and siderite 855 860 Like the preceding but with some pure coal 860 865 Gray shale, fire clay, gray sandstone, and coaly black shale 865 S70 Fire clay, gray shale, coal, brown siderite, white limestone, frag- ments of shells and crinoid stems, pyrite giving an oily film on the water when washed 870 875 Gray clayey shale, and coal, with some calcareous material 875 880 Like the preceding. Crinoid joints noted 880 885 Gray clayey shale, containing fragments of coal and of limestone, and also some mica 885 900 Mostly fire clay, greenish gray, some gray sandstone, black shale, a little coal, and much pyrite. Fragments of shells and of limestone noted. In the fire clay a joint was filled with a thin film of black bituminous or carbonaceous material 900 905 Gray laminated micaceous sandstone 905 915 Dark gray, sandy and micaceous shale 915 920 Gray micaceous sandstone and dark shale 920 925 Gray sandstone, greenish fire clay and coaly black laminated shale 925 930 Gray laminated sandstone, black shale, some pieces of acreous shale, brown siderite. fragments of white limestone 930 935 Sandstone, from dark to light gray, and showing streaks of car- bonaceous material, together with black coaly shale 935 940 Greenish gray fire clay, containing spherules of fire clay from */i to y 2 mm. in diameter, and having thin joints filled with bituminous or carbonaceous material. Some sandstone and shale noted 940 945 Greenish gray fire clay, with fractures 945 950 Dark shale of fine texture 950 955 Gray coarse sand with a faint odor of petroleum. It floats on water 955 960 Black and dark shale, with some carbonaceous layers 960 965 Dark and black shale and concretionary siderite and white lime- stone 965 970 Minutely black and light gray limestone 970 975 Minutely blotched dark gray limestone and some dark shale 975 980 Dark clayey shale 980 900 Black shale and gray sandstone 990 995 Black coaly shale with brownish streak and containing streaks of brown flaky siderite, greenish gray fire clay, gray limestone and stony fire clay filled with minute spherules of siderite 995 1,000 Black and gray shale and a fragment of coal 1,000 1,005 Coarse quartz sandstone with fragments of siderite 1,005 1,010 Gray sandstone with siderite grains 1,010 1,015 Gray sandstone with many grains of brown siderite 1,015 1,020 Fairly coarse gray sand 1,020 1,030 Fine gray sand having the odor of petroleum 1,030 1,035 blatchlet] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. . 59 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Fine gray and with some black and gray shale, white lime- stone, some yellow and brown siderite 1,035 1,040 Gray sandstone, some coarse with black and brown grains, some laminated, alternating with black micaceous shale 1,040 1,045 Black shale, some sandstone, and some white limestone 1,045 1,050 Black stiff shale, some clayey shale and white limestone 1,050 1,060 Black shale and fire clay with a few fragments of coal 1,060 1,065 Black shale, and some white limestone 1,065 1,075 Black shale, some pyrite and white limestone 1,075 1,080 Black shale and some pyrite 1,080 1,085 Gray sandstone with imbedded siderite spherules and shreds of carbonaceous material 1,085 1,090 Gray sandstone of fine texture 1,090 1,100 Gray sandstone of fine texture with some dark gray shale 1,100 1,105 Gray sandstone of fine texture 1,105 1,110 Gray sandstone with some fragments of white limestone 1,110 1,115 Laminated shaly sandstone, consisting of layers of dark sandy shale and light gray sandstone 1,115 1,120 Laminated sandstone and shale 1,120 1,130 Green and black fire clay of fine texture and cut by joints.. 1,130 1,140 Greenish blotchy very dark fire clay, with siderite concretions in large fragments, and some very red clay lumps with green core 1,140 1,145 "Very dark, almost black, fire clay 1,145 1,150 Very dark, almost black, fire clay, or a greenish tinge, some bright red clay showing green streaks, some white limestone and some coal or bituminous substance 1,150 1,155 Very dark fire clay 1,155 1,160 Dark fire-clay-like shale 1,160 1,165 Black stiff shale and fragments of siderite concretions 1,165 1,170 Black shale and dark green shale 1,170 1,185 Black shale and gray shale, with some white sandstone and fragments of siderite concretions 1,185 1,190 Black shale 1,190 1,195 Black shale with some fragments of siderite 1,195 1,200 Dark gray shale of fine clay-like texture 1,200 1,205 Laminated white and black sandstone. The laminae are thin.... 1,205 1,215 Dark shale 1,215 1,220 Dark shale with some sandstone 1,220 1,225 Dark shale 1,225 1,235 Dark sandy shale and laminated sandstone 1,235 1,240 Dark shale 1,240 1,245 Dark sandy shale and white, fine-grained sandstone, apparently in laminae. Also some fragments of white limestone 1,245 1,255 Gray shale, greenish fire clay, some coal and a little nodular limestone 1,255 1,260 Gray shale and dark shale, some yellow siderite, some white limestone and a few fragments of coal. Bituminous joints.... 1,260 1,270 Gray shale, black shale, white sandstone of fine texture and white limestone 1,270 1,280 Gray shale, considerable white limestone, and white sandstone of fine compact texture 1,280 1,285 Black shale and white fine-grained sandstone with some limestone 1,285 1,290 Fine-grained, hard white sandstone, gray, sandv shale and white limestone 1,290 1,295 Micaceous gray sandstone, black shale, and some pieces of white limestone 1,295 1,300 Dark gray shale, white fine-grained sandstone, and some frag- ments of white limestone 1.300 1,305 Light gray micaceous sandstone, gray shale and some fragments of white limestone 1,305 1,310 Dark gray shale, laminated sandstone and some limestone 1,310 1,315 White, fine-grained sandstone, gray shale, white limestone and some pyrite 1.315 1.320 Sand, fairly coarse 1.320 1,325 Yellow rusty sand 1,325 1,340 Yellow rusty sand with some shale 1,340 1.3 45 Laminated gray sandstone of fine texture 1.345 1.355 Fine sand, with some shale and calcareous material 1,355 1.360 Fine sand and shale, with some carbonate of lime 1.360 1,365 Fine sand and shale 1,365 1,370 Dark gray shale and sand 1,370 1,380 Sand, gray shale and black shale 1,380 1,405 Greenish gray fire clay, some dark shale, considerable pyrite, and sand (from above) 1,405 1,410 Greenish gray fire clay, much pyrite, a few fragments of rock containing organic calcareous fragments and some sand 1,410 1,415 Dark greenish gray shale, some fragments of black shale and pyrite 1,415 1,420 60 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Sand of fine texture and dark greenish gray shale or fire clay with much pyrite 1,420 Dark green fire clay or shale, very much pyrite and fragments of coal, evidently from a thin seam 1,425 Dark greenish gray fire clay, pyrite and fragments of impure coal 1,430 Dark green fire clay and dark shale with some coal 1,435 Very dark shale, thin splitting and dark green fire clay 1,440 Very dark shale, dark green fire clay, a little coal and pyrite 1,445 Dark green fire clay and dark shale, pyritiferous 1,470 Dark green fire clay-like shale 1,480 Dark green fire clay-like shale, with much pyrite, and some coal in thin seams 1,495 Dark green fire clay-like shale 1,500 Dark green fire clay-like shale, some black bituminous shale with thin laminae of coal, and with pyrite 1,510 Dark green fire clay-like shale, dark gray shale, "Coal Measure"- like, with pyrites 1,515 Dark green fire clay-like shale, and dark gray shale with pyrite. . 1,520 Brownish red marl, some fire clay-like greenish shale, some pyrite and some fragments of white limestone. The red marl and the limestone have the aspect of the Chester 1,535 Brownish red shale, pyrite and fragments of white limestone 1,540 Red marly shale, gray marly shale and white limestone 1,545 Dark gray shale and marl 1,565 Dark gray stony marl and fragments of white limestone, with crinoid stems 1,570 Gray marl and red marly shale with fragments of white limestone 1,590 Gray, green and red shale, white limestone, sandy limestone, pyrite and crinoid stems 1,595 Greenish gray calcareous shale 1,615 Dark green, stony calcareous shale 1,635 Dark gray shale, organic, fragmental limestone, dirty specked gray 1,640 Shale and limestone 1,645 Gray marly shale and organic fragmental limestone Oily 1,650 Organic fragmental limestone and some shale. Oily 1,655 Dark gray shale, green shale, red shale and organic fragmental limestone. Oily 1,660 Like the preceding with less limestone 1,665 Red marly shale and green laminated shale 1,680 Red marly shale and dark green shale 1,685 Gray marly shale, gray sandstone of fine texture and some organic fragmental limestone 1,695 Gray marly shale 1,700 Fine gray quartz sand showing a few mica scales (and effer- vescing) 1,730 Fine-textured gray sand with some shale 1,755 Fine-textured gray sand with some gray shale 1,760 Gray marly shale and sand 1,765 Fine-textured gray sand, dark gray shale, with some fragments of limestone showing joints filled with black bituminous films.. 1,775 Gray marly shale and fine sand 1,780 Earthy black marly shale filled with bitumen 1,785 Partly like the preceding, partly gray stony marl 1,795 Gray marly shale and fine sand 1,800 Like the preceding with some very thin-splitting black shale...... 1,805 Black shale and fine gray sand 1,810 Gray marly shale, and some black bituminous material shining on conchoidally fractured surfaces Fractures and fuses in flame.. 1,820 Gray marly shale 1,825 Gray marly shale, with a black bitumen showing conchoidal, shiny cleavage } .£ 3 Gray marly shale with a few small fragments of bitumen 1,835 Gray marly shale ;•"."' L840 Gray marly shale, with some fine micaceous sand, and showing black streaks J.»50 Gray marly shale 1,860 Almost black and dark, greenish gray, marly, sandy shale, show- ing red streaks, and a dark greenish sand of fine texture. Mica noted. Oily ■ Vll\ Dark, greenish gray fire clay-like shale. Oily 1,880 Dark greenish-gray shale and sandy rock, and some red shale appearing earthy, from bitumen • 1,885 Green and red shale, with some fragments of sandstone and some organic limestone. Oily i qia Oolitic limestone, and green shale I,yi0 Oolitic limestone, other limestone, green shale and some red shale. A small Dielasma noted. The dark green shale splits into very thin fragments 1,915 1,425 1,430 1,435 1,440 1,445 1,470 1,480 1,495 1,500 1,510 1,515 1,520 1,535 1,540 1,545 1,565 1,570 1,590 1,595 1,615 1,635 1,640 1,645 1,650 1,655 1,660 1,665 1,680 1,685 1,695 1,700 1,730 1,775 1,760 1,765 1,775 1,780 1,785 1,795 1,800 1,805 1,810 1,820 1,825 1,830 1,835 1,840 1,850 1,860 1,865 1,880 1,885 i,89a 1,910 1,915 1,920 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 61 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Green shale, dark shale, red shale, and oolitic limestone 1,920 1,930. Green shale, red shale, and some dirty looking limestone and oolite. Crinoid stem noted 1,930 1,945 Mostly iron rust from bit or casing 1,945 1,950 Limestone with a great deal of rust 1,950 1,955 Granular limestone with some well-rounded quartz sand, and some oolitic grains 1,955 1,960 Granular limestone, gray 1,960 1,965 Coarse oolitic limestone, with some quartz grains 1,965 1,970 An organic breccia, with imbedded oolitic grains, and some quartz grains 1,970 1,980 Organic fragmental limestone, with oolitic spherules, and with a few fragments of chert 1,980 1,995 Limestone, fragmental, oolitic 1,995 2,000 No. 3 Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well— H. K. Seed, No. 3. Location — NW. % sec. 29, Bridgeport Township. Elevation— 513 feet. Soil, yellow Slate, dark Sand, white (12 bailers of water, 75 feet) .... Slate, dark Limestone, white Slate, dark Sand, white Slate, dark Limestone shell Coal Slate, dark Limestone, light Slate, light Sand, light Limestone, light Red slate, light Slate, light Sand, light, hard Slate, dark Sand, light Slate, dark Limestone, dark Slate, light Slate, dark • Sand, light, hard Slate, light Coal Slate, light Slight, dark Limestone, dark . . . . ; Slate, dark Sand, light (hole full of water, 905 feet) Limestone and sand, light, hard Slate, black, soft Slate, light Limestone, light ". Slate Sand Slate Sand, (hole full of water, 1,140 feet) Slate, dark Sandy limestone, light Slate, black Limestone, light Sand and coal Slate, dark Sand and shells Slate, dark Sand, light, hard (water) .'.'.' Slate, dark, soft Sandy limestone, light Sand, light, hard (hole full of water, 1,640 feet) Thickness Depth Feet Feet 23 23 17 40 35 75 65 140 6 146 90 236 49 . 277 6 283 5 288 6 294 36 330 15 345 63 408 31 439 10 449 6 455 155 610 13 623 17 640 15 655 20 675 12 687 33 725 57 782 13 795 13 808 4 812 38 850 12 862 4 866 24 890 35 925 15 940 20 960 45 1,005 5 1,010 30 1,040 50 1,090 40 1,130 252 1.382 1,384 41 1,425 2 1,427 23 1,450 17 1,467 2 1,469 1,470 48 1,518 73 1,591 17 1,608 32 1,640 47 1,687 62 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Slate, dark 16 1,703 Sand, dark 22 1,725 Limestone, light 4 1,729 Red rock 5 1,734 Slate 31 1,765 Limestone 21 1,786 Slate 7 1,793 Limestone 10 1,803 Red slate 7 1,810 Sand (water, 1,823 feet) 13 1,823 Slate 10 1,833 Limestone 20 1,853 Slate 12 1,865 Sand (water, 1,872 feet) 7 1,872 Red slate ■ 6 1,878 Slate 12 1,890 Red slate 4 1,894 Sand (water, 1,916 feet) 22 1,916 Slate 6 1,922 Sand (hole full of water, 1,947 feet) 25 1,947 Slate 33 1,980 Limestone 2 1,982 Sand (oil pay, 1,982 to 1,995 feet) 19 2,001 Total depth 2,001 NO. k- Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — O'Donnell, No. 28. Location — SE. % sec. 17, Bridgeport Township. Elevation — 498 feet. Thickness Feet Sand and mud 129 Slate, light 31 Sand, white (10 bailers water, 225 feet) 165 Slate, dark 10 Limestone shell, hard 11 Red rock 9 Slate, light 120 Slate, dark 85 Slate, white 60 Slate, dark 100 Slate, black 15 Sand, white (4 bailers of water, 750 feet) 45 Slate, light , 25 Sand, light 10 Slate, dark 40 Limestone shell 6 Slate, dark 60 Limestone shell, hard, gray 4 Slate, dark 37 Sand, white, hard (oil, 970 feet ; water, 990 feet) 86 Slate, light 2 Sand, white, soft 20 Slate, light 25 Sand, white 40 Slate, dark 15 Sand, white 25 Slate, white 16 Limestone, light 12 Slate, dark 25 Slate, light 8 Slate, dark 44 Sand, dark (oil, 1,298 feet) 38 Sand, light (water, 1,360 feet) 77 Limestone, dark 15 Slate, dark 15 Sand, white 13 Slate, dark 9 Limestone, white 53 Slate, white 4 Limestone shell 2 Slate, dark 11 Slate, light 8 Depth Feet 129 160 325 335 346 355 475 560 620 720 735 780 805 815 855 861 921 925 962 1,048 1,050 1,070 1,095 1,135 1,150 • 1,175 1,191 1,203 1,228 1,236 1,280 1,318 1.395 1,410 1,425 1,438 1,447 1,500 1,504 1,506 1,517 1,525 Feet Feet 35 1,560 25 1,585 8 1,593 32 1,625 13 1,638 12 1,650 26 1,676 54 1,730 12 1,742 15 1,757 8 1,765 3 1,768 10 1,778 12 1,790 8 1,798 15 1,813 22 1,835 20 1,855 20 1,875 15 1,890 333 2,223 2,223 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 63 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Limestone, white Slate, dark Slate, light Sand, light (show of oil, 1,600 to 1,606 feet) Slate, dark Sand, light Slate, dark Sand, light Slate, dark Limestone, light Sand and. limestone Red slate Limestone, light Slate, dark Red rock Slate, light Limestone ( ? ) , cavy Limestone Limestone, gray, hard, (show of oil, 1,860 feet) • Limestone, gray, soft Limestone, dark, hard Total depth No. 5. Operators — Ohio Oil Company. Farm and well— W. B. Gray, No. 2. Location — SW. % sec. 7, Bridgeport Township. Elevation— 486 feet. (This record was compiled by Dr. J. A. Udden from the study of well samples.) Yellow micaceous sandstone, with some quartz pebbles White micaceous sandstone, with shreds of carbonaceous matter. . White micaceous sandstone, with some fragments of siderite and pyrite Gray sandstone, with shreds of vegetation Gray sandy shale Black shale and some gray micaceous sandstone Black micaceous shale "Clod," with numerous crinoid stems Black shale and "clod" Coal and "clod" Coal, fragments of siderite concretions, limestone and some gray sandstone Gray sandy shale Black shale, "clod," some coal and some pure calcite Dark micaceous shale and coal with calcite Dark gray micaceous shale Black shale, with a few crinoid joints Black shale Black shale with some limestone Black shale Hard black shale Black shale Black micaceous shale Gray micaceous sand, with some black shale Gray micaceous sandstone, with infiltrated lime, and shreds of carbonaceous matter Gray micaceous sand Gray sandstone, some black shale, and a little limestone Black shale and gray sandstone, with a little limestone Dull bluish green shale, with some yellowish limestone from con- cretions Like the preceding, with fossils in the concretionary limestone. . . Shale, light, green gray unctions, shale Greenish gray micaceous shale Light greenish gray shale, unctuous Light greenish gray micaceous shale' Gray micaceous sandy shale Gray, rather coarse sandstone with occasional red, pink, green and black grains Like the preceding, all crushed Fire clay, fragments of concretions, sandstone Depth in feet. From To 1 10 10 30 30 35 35 40 40 45 45 50 50 55 55 60 60 65 65 70 70 75 75 80 80 90 90 95 95 100 100 105 105 110 110 115 115 120 120 130 130 135 135 140 140 145 145 155 155 205 205 210 210 215 215 220 220 225 225 240 240 245 245 250 250 265 265 270 270 275 275 280 280 285 64 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. From To Fine clay and some shreds of carbonaceous material 285 290 Greenish blue shale, with concretionary yellow limestone 290 295 Black shale, with some bits of coal 295 300 Gray micaceous sandstone, with infiltrated lime, with some black shale and coal 300 305 Gray sandstone, in part laminated, with small siderite concretions 305 310 Gray micaceous sandstone with small siderite concretions 310 315 Gray sandstone with some black shale 315 320 Dirty white limestone, and some sand. Pyrite, crinoid joints, and spine of a Productus noted 320 325 Limestone and some shale 325 330 Limestone of light color, some gray shale and pyrite. Limestone seems to be concretionary 330 335 Gray shale and black shale with yellow concretionary limestone.. 335 350 Dark gray shale and some yellow concretionary limestone 350 355 Dark gray shale with some pyrite '355 360 Dark gray shale, some white limestone and pyrite 360 365 Dark gray shale 365 380 Dark shale with some fragments of siderite concretions 380 390 Sandstone, shale and coal 390 395 Shale, with some sandstone and coal 395 400 Greenish gray shale 400 405 Olive colored shale 405 410 Laminated sandy shale ' 410 415 Sandy gray shale 415 420 Shale, stony, olive colored 420 425 Gray shale 425 430 Dark shale, almost black 430 435 Gray shale 435 460 Gray shale, coal and concretion fragments 460 465 Gray fire clay, coal and shale' 465 470 Gray shale, and gray concretionary limestone, impure, with iron carbonate and with pyrite 470 475 Limestone, concretionary and shale 475 480 Gray shaly fire clay and concretionary limestone, effervescing slowly 480 485 Gray concretionary siderite 485 490 Gray shale, with much concretionary impure limestone or siderite 490 515 Gray sandy shale, and siderite 515 520 Gray micaceous shale, some coal and siderite 520 535 Gray sandstone, laminated and with minute spherules of siderite. 535 540 Gray shale, with some sandy shale and some black shale 540 545 Dark stony shale 545 550 Dark micaceous shale with some limestone with crinoid stem 550 555 Dark gray shale 555 560 Dark micaceous shale and clod with a Productus 560 565 Gray shale 565 570 Very dark shale and "clod" 570 575 Black clay shale with "elod" 575 580 Greenish gray micaceous sandy shale 580 590 Gray micaceous shale 590 605 Greenish gray clayey shale 605 615 Black stonv shale and some red clay shale 615 620 Very dark stony shale 620 625 Dark cheeky shale or fire clay 625 630 Dark gray micaceous shale 630 635 Dark shale or fire clay, with imprint of leaf 635 640 Dark hard shale, slightly micaceous 640 645 Gray shale, with some siderite 645 650 Gray shale 650 655 Gray shale and some gray sandstone 655 660 Hard gray shale, with a few pieces of sandstone 660 665 Hard gray shale, with a few pieces of siderite 665 670 Dark and hard shale 670 675 Dark hard shale 675 685 Coal and dark shale, with some siderite and pyrite 685 690 Coal, with some shale and some siderite 690 695 Dark shale and some siderite, coal, and pyrite, bit of sh^U noted. . 695 700 Gray shale and coal, with concretions of siderite, and black shale, with leaf imprints, calcareous 700 705 Gray shale, fire clay and coal, calcareous 705 710 Gray shale and fire clay calcareous 710 715 Like the preceding, with wood in pyrite 715 720 Gray clay shale, fine in texture 720 725 Black shale, sandstone, and coal 725 730 Gray sandstone and dark gray sandy shale 730 740 Gray sandstone, and shale 740 755 Black miner's slate 755 760 Dark shale, carrying much fine pyrite 760 765 From To 765 770 770 775 775 780 780 785 785 790 795 800 790 795 800 805 805 810 810 815 830 815 830 835 835 840 840 845 850 845 850 855 855 860 865 860 865 875 875 880 880 890 890 895 895 900 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 65 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. Gray shale, impregnated with small pyrite crystals Gray shaly sandstone and black shale Coal, sandstone and some yellow limestone (apparently from a ledge ) Gray micaceous and sandy shale, some red clay shale Gray shale, coaly shale and shaly coal, with gray limestone and fragments of concretionary siderite . . . Gray clay shale, with some concretionary fragments Gray shale, some black shale and siderite concretions Gray shale, some black carbonaceous shale and some fire clay . . . Gray shale, some black coaly shale, a few bits of white limestone and minute concretionary spherules Gray shale containing many minute spherules of siderite and some white limestone Dark shale and fire clay Dark shale, with some imprints of vegetation Dark shale and some sandstone, with some minute spherules of siderite Black shale and gray shale, with some sandstone, some minute spherules of siderite and a few bits of limestone Black shale, some sandstone and some pieces of siderite Gray micaceous shale Black hard shale, with pyrite, shell of Retzia (?), some spicules and a few bits of white limestone Black stony shale, with pyrite Black shale, with pyrite and pieces of siderite Black shale, and white fine grained sandstone, laminated with a few small pieces of very white limestone Gray laminated sandstone and black shale Black shale and laminated sandstone, with some grayish soft material and a few bits of white limestone Coal, with some gray limestone Gray sandy shale and fragments of concretionary siderite, with some coal 900 905 Black shale and gray shale, with some fragments of yellow lime- stone and concretionary material 905 910 Dark gray shale, with a little limestone, and some green serpen- tine-like shale 910 915 Dark gray shale and greenish shale with red blotches, with a few fragments of limestone Dark gray shale and gray sandy shale Gray sandy shale with minute crystals of pyrite Dark gray shale and gray sandstone, with shreds of vegetation . . . Dark gray shale and some sandstone Gray shaly sandstone and sandy shale Dark gray sandy shale, pyritiferous Dark gray sandy shale Gray clay shale , Gray shale and limestone. The limestone is white, and consists of rounded fragments which are invested with an oolitic incrus- tation Dark and stony thin splitting shale and light sandstone White and gray sandstone and dark gray shale. Sandstone occa- sionally with interstitial pyrite Dark gray shale and white sandstone Dark greenish gray shale Black shale of fine texture Dark gray shale, with siderite partly in fragments, partlv as spherules Dark gray sandstone and dark shale Dark shaly sandstone and black shale Black shale, with many fragments of siderite Black shale Black shale, and gray limestone which contains a tangle of tubes of Ammodiscus Dark gray and black shale with limestone as above ......'...'..'. White and gray sandstone and gray shale White, slightly micaceous sandstone and gray shale Gray laminated shaly sandstone Gray sandstone Laminated gray sandstone and white sandstone Yellow sandstone Coarse white sand ' Yellow sand Red sand White sand, finer Reddish sand '. ..'... » Gray sand \ ..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.I'.'.'.'.'.'. .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.I —5 G 915 920 920 925 925 930 930 935 935 940 940 945 945 950 950 955 955 960 960 965 965 970 970 975 975 985 985 1,000 1,000 1,005 1,005 1,010 1,010 1,015 1,015 1,020 1,020 1,025 1,025 1,030 1.030 1,035 1,035 1,040 1,040 1,045 1,045 1,050 1,050 1,060 1,060 1.080 1,080 1,100 1,100 1,105 1,105 1,115 1,115 1,125 1,125 1,135 1,135 1,165 1,165 1,175 1,175 1,185 '66 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Depth in feet. To 1,195 1,200 1,205 1,210 1,215 1,220 1,230 1,240 1,245 1,250 1,345 1,350 1,370 1,373" 1,385 1,390 1,395 1,435 From White sand 1,185 Black shale, with some few small fragments of red shale (?)'.'.!.! 1,195 Black shale and sand with pyrite 1,200 Gray fire clay with shreds of vegetation L205 Black clay shale, gray sand 1,210 Black shale, gray fire clay-like shale with shreds of vegetation and sandstone 1,215 Dark fire clay, shale, with shreds of vegetation with some gray sand 1,220 Fire clay, dark shale and sandstone 1,230 Gray shale and sand 1,240 Gray fire clay, and gray sandstone with spherules of siderite 1,245 Black stony shale with large fragments of pyrite and some gray compact siliceous rock 1,250 1,260 Black shale showing shreds of vegetation and some gray rock 1,260 1,280 Laminated dark and gray sandy and stony shale showing mica and shreds of vegetation, very much comminuted 1,280 Black shale with pyrites and some sandstone 1,345 Coarse sand showing secondary enlargement of grains, with some black shale 1,350 Diameter Percentage of grains of total in mm. sample. 2-1 1-% 5 1 /2- 1 /i 10 %-% 80 Less than y 8 5.00 Gray sand of somewhat finer texture than the preceding 1,370 Gray coarse sandstone and some black shale 1,375 Like the preceding, but with finer sand 1,385 Coarse sand and some gray shale 1,390 Sand, white 1,395 Diameter Percentage of grains of total in mm. sample. 2-1 1-% 3 %-% 6 %-% 85 Less than y$ 6 White sand 1,435 Fine reddish sand 1,455 Fine gray sand 1,460 Fine yellow sand 1,465 White limestone, with some sand 1,480 Like the preceding, with two minute echinoid stems 1,485 Yellowish organic limestone 1,490 White limestone containing fragments of fossils and with a few fragments of chalcedonic chert and with much dark shale 1,495 Organic calcareous fragments with dark shale and coarse white sand 1,500 Dolomitic ( ?) limestone, with an occasional purple tint, mixed with much shale and sand 1,515 Yellowish sandstone, with some shale and dolomitic (?) calcareous fragments 1,520 Limestone, organic, fragmental gray, calcareous, with some shale and sand. Some shale is green 1,530 Dark gray organic fragmental limestone, with some green shale. . 1,545 Like the preceding, with more shale 1,550 Gray and greenish shale and gray calcareous limestone, with a fragment of a fossil shell 1,555 Gray calcareous organic limestone and greenish shale 1,560 Fine gray sand and shale with pyrite 1,565 Gray sandstone and shale 1,570 Dark gray shale, gray sandstone and limestone 1,575 Black shale, showing a few brown blotches 1,580 Black shale, with green and red shale, some limestone and pyrite.. 1,585 Dark gray shale, with green and some red shale and limestone.... 1,590 Like the preceding, with two thin flakes of coal and a few bits of red limestone 1,600 Dark gray and greenish gray shale, some white sandstone and some red shale, with some fragments of limestone 1,605 Like the preceding but more sandy. Pyrite 1,610 Gray fine sand, gray and black shale and limestone and pyrite 1,615 Gray fine sand and dark gray shale 1,620 Black and greenish shale with sandstone and pyrite 1,625 Black shale, and gray sand 1,630 1,455 1,460 1,465 1,480 1,485 1,490 1,495 1,500 1,515 1,520 1,530 1,545 1,550 1,555 1,560 1,565 1,570 1,575 1,580 1,585 1,590 1,600 1,605 1,610 1,615 1,620 1,625 1,630 1,635 Depth in feet. From To 1,635 1,640 1,640 1,645 1,645 1,650 1,650 1,655 1,655 1,660 1,660 1,665 1,665 1,670 1,670 1,675 1,675 1,685 1,685 1,695 1,695 1,700 1,700 1,710 1,710 1,715 1,715 1,740 1,740 1,750 1,750 1,760 1,760 1,765 1,765 1,775 1,775 1,780 blatchley] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 67 Logs — Continued. Black shale and gray sandy shale, with bits of red shale Gray shale Black shale, greenish shale and sandstone Greenish gray shale and some white sand Gray and green shale with sand. One fragment of bitumen noted, which burned when ignited Black and gray shale and sand in about equal quantities Slickensided greenish gray shale and fine sand Sandstone and dark shale Sandstone, dark shale and some calcareous lime Gray fine sand Sand and dark shale White limestone, dark gray shale and sand effervescing slowly. . . . Fine yellow sand Fine gray sand Black and dark gray shale Dark gray shale and some gray limestone, oolitic grains (?) Grayish white fine sand Grayish white sand and some shale, effervescing slowly Dark gray and black shale with some sand Calcareous limestone with slow effervescence and dark gray and red shale oolitic grains 1 /2- 1 A mm. in diameter 1,780 1,785 Gray calcareous limestone with bits of brachiopod shells, spines, occasional oolitic grains, and dark gray and dull red shale. Oolites frequently oval 1,785 1,795 Like the preceding, with more sand and more oolitic grains 1,795 1,800 Dark shale, some oolitic limestone 1,800 1,805 Dark shale, oolitic limestone and some red shale 1,805 1,810 Dark shale, red shale, oolitic limestone and lobster colored limestone 1,810 1,815 Like the preceding but with less limestone 1,815 1,825 Dark greenish gray shale, and dark red shale with limestone, organic 1,825 1,830 Like the preceding, with a few limestone fragments of "lobster" red color 1,830 1,835 Dark gray, gray and red shale with organic limestone, with slow effervescence Oolitic limestone effervescing slowly and black and red shale Ooolitic white calcareous limestone Gray limestone effervescing slowly Fiwe gray sand, pure, grain, measuring about 1-6 mm. in diameter Gray limestone, effervescing slowly with acid Gray limestone, calcareous Gray calcareous limestone with a few bits of chalcedonic chert Gray limestone, with slow effervescence, with some fragments of chert Gray oolitic calcareous limestone Gray oolitic limestone effervescing slowly, fragments of ribbed lamellibranch noted Gray oolitic limestone, effervescing slowly Gray marl Gray marl ji.nd some limestone Gray very finely granular dolomitic and oolitic limestone, with chalcedonic chert 1,985 2,000 No. g. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — McPherson, No. 3. Location — SE. % sec. 11, Lawrence Township. Elevation— 429 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Limestone 9 90 Slate 65 155 Sandy limestone 45 200 Slate 15 215 Coal 5 220 Slate 15 235 Limestone 15 250 Slate 150 400 Limestone 40 440 Slate 100 540 Limestone 8 548 Slate 52 600 1,835 1,855 1,855 1,865 1,865 1,890 1,890 1,895 1,895 1,900 1,900 1,905 1,905 1,948 1,940 1,945 1,945 1,950 1,950 1,965 1,965 1,970 1,970 1,975 1,975 1,980 1,980 1,985 68 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Limestone Sand, (hole full of water, 625 feet) Slate Sand Slate Limestone Slate Sand Slate Sandy limestone ' Sand (water) Slate Limestone Sand Limestone Red rock Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Red rock Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Slate Sand (first oil, 1,520 feet; best oil, 1,543 feet) Limestone Slate Sand Limestone Slate Limestone Sand (water, 1,766 feet) Total depth Thickness Feet 5 95 45 30 115 6 44 50 5 35 30 Depth Feet 605 700 745 775 890 896 940 990 995 1,030 1,060 165 1,225 1,280 52 1,332 10 1,342 1,365 23 1,372 3 1,375 1,410 20 1,430 1,440 20 1,460 1,480 10 1,490 1,505 1,518 1,567 1,590 13 23 1,645 1,660 1,670 15 15 1,685 1,762 6 1,768 1,768 No. 7. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — McPherson, No. 4. Location- Elevation — 425 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Gravel and quicksand 85 85 Sand 25 110 Slate 28 138 Limestone 7 145 Slate 55 200 Sand , . 30 230 Limestone 5 235 Red rock 5 240 Limestone 10 250 Slate 140 390 Limestone 5 395 Coal 5 400 Limestone 40 440 Slate 90 530 Limestone 10 540 Slate 45 585 Sand (water) 90 675 Slate 15 690 Sand 35 725 Slate 65 790 Sand 15 805 Slate 65 870 Sand 10 880 Slate 20 900 Limestone 5 905 Slate 50 955 Sand (water) 45 1,000 Slate : 2 1,002 Sand 63 1,065 Limestone 10 1,075 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. 69 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Slate 105 1,180 Sand 8 1,188 Limestone 2 1,190 Slate 140 1,330 Sand 20 1,350 Limestone 5 1,355 Slate 15 1,370 Limestone 89 1,459 Red rock 8 1,467 Limestone 8 1,475 Slate 34 1,509 Limestone 13 1,522 Slate • 5 1,527 Sand (show of oil) 19 1,546 Slate 12 1,558 Sand (oil pay, 1,558%. feet; water, 1,563 feet) 17 1,575 Slate 25 1,600 Limestone 50 1,650 Slate 15 1,665 Limestone 5 1,670 Slate 15 1,685 Red rock 10 1,695 Slate 5 1,700 Limestone 71 1,771 Sand 4 1,775 Limestone 83 1,858 Sandy limestone 6 1,864 Limestone 122 1,986 Total depth 1,986 No. 8. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — R. M. Kirkwood, No. 7. Location — NE. *4 sec. 14, Lawrence Township. Elevation— 435 feet. Thickness Feet Sand and gravel 83 Limestone 10 Slate 32 Limestone 15 Slate 70 Sand (water) 25 Slate 10 Limestone 5 Slate 45 Limestone 5 Slate 25 Limestone 20 Slate 95 Sand 10 Slate 180 Sand (water) 87 Slate 38 Limestone 8 Slate 10 Sand 27 Limestone 20 Slate 40 Sand 20 Slate 20 Sand 20 Slate 40 Sand (water) 90 Slate : 120 Sand 10 Slate 50 Limestone 6 Slate 8 Limestone 21 Slate 11 Limestone 9 Sand 85 Depth Feet 83 93 125 140 210 235 245 250 295 300 325 345 440 450 630 717 755 763 773 800 820 860 880 900 920 960 ,050 .170 ,180 ,230 ,236 ,244 ,265 .,276 1,285 1,370 70 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Feet Slate 30 Limestone 20 Slate 15 Limestone 30 Slate 3 Limestone 25 Red rock 15 Slate 5 Sand (oil, 1,551 feet) 40 Slate 5 Sand (water) 5 Slate 5 Sand 10 Slate 5 Limestone 20 Slate 20 Sandy limestone 25 Slate 20 Limestone 10 Red Rock 5 Limestone 57 Sand 8 Total depth Depth Feet 1,400- 1,420 1,435 1,465 1,495 1,520 1,535 1,540 1,580 1,585 1,590 1,595 1,605 1,610 1,630 1,650 1,675 1,695 1,705 1,710 1,767 1,775 1,775 No. 9. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Cummings, No. 12. Location — NE. % sec. 6, Bridgeport Township. Elevation— 516 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Soil 25 25 Slate 102 127 Limestone, gray, soft 8 135 Sand, white 45 180 Slate, dark 12 192 Sand, light 80 272 Slate, dark 20 292 Limestone, light, hard 13 305 Slate, light, soft 18 323 Slate, dark 257 580 Limestone, light 9 589 Slate, dark 311 800 Limestone, light, hard 4 804 Slate and limestone shells, dark, soft 126 930 Sand, light (little oil, 940 feet) 40 970 Slate and limestone shells 15 985 Sand, light 15 1,000 Slate, light (water, 1,006 feet) 20 1,020 Slate and limestone shells 45 1,065 Slate, white 70 1,135 Sand, light, soft 15 1,150 Slate, black 15 1,165 Sand, white (water, 1,175 feet) 50 1,215 Slate, white ' 5 1,220 Limestone, white, soft 20 1,240 Slate, white, hard 30 1,270 Sand 5 1,275 Slate, light, soft 5 1,280 Limestone, white 14 1,294 Slate, dark 21 1,315 Limestone, gray 16 1,331 Slate, dark 14 1,345 Sand, gray (gas, 1,347 feet) 18 1,363 Slate, light 3 1,366 Limestone, white 19 1,385 Slate, dark 4 1,389 Sand, gray 7 1,396 Slate, light 19 1,415 Red slate 10 1,425 Sand, light (oil, 1,428 feet) 15 1,440 Slate, light 15 1,455 BLATCHLET] LAWRENCE COUNTY LOGS. n Logs — Continued. Thickness Feet 15 Sand, light 7 Red slate • • • • • • • • • • 33 Slate and limestone shells, dark 15 Limestone, light 35 Slate, white 5 Sand and limestone shells, white ? Slate, white 28 Limestone, white .... ^ Slate, white 3 ± Limestone, light.. ■•„••• •••;• 3 Sand (show of oil and gas, 1,656 feet) ■ • ■ lg Limestone ' ' 3 Sand .'.".'.'.*.'!."! 58 Limestone • Total depth Depth Feet 1,470 1,477 1,510 1,525 1,560* 1,565 1,572 1,600 1,625 1,656 1,659 1,672 1,675 1,733 1,733 NO. 10. Operators— Ohio Oil Company. Farm and well— S. G. McCleave, No. 4. Location— Center of section 31, Bridgeport Township. Elevation — 520 feet. Thickness Feet 1 YeHow' "limestone ' and" "coai," ' some ' pieces' ' of ' pure calcite, and ^ CoaryeTlow santtont^me crinoidal" limestone" and" "a "few" "pieces of' calcite and red marl. Numerous crinoid stems. ^ Coal, yellow sandstone, some crinoidal limestone and a few pieces of calcite and red marl. Numerous crinoid stems • • &* Gray micaceous sandstone with infiltrated lime, some yellow sand- stone bits of coal and calcite , • • • •.• • •. ■ • • Coal some yellow and white sandstone, some pieces of crinoidal ^ Gray nifcaceous' sandstone",' some dark" shale and fire clay ... . . . . CoaL Some crinoidal limestone, a little red oxidized material. A small Athyris shell noted, also a piece of crinoid calyx (?) . ... 45 White micaceous sandstone, a few pieces of fire clay and coal ... 50 Gray micaceous laminated sandstone, some fragments of yellow ^ Gr^S^ 70 Yenow sandstone,' crinoidal' "limestone, 'some black shale and pieces of gypsum. Two Ambocoelia planoconvexa and a crinoid stem ^ Bla?k d shale," 'some dark "limestone," 'and* a few' pieces 'of 'sandstone. ^ A crinoid stem noted • • • • ■ • ■ • • op- Gray limestone and coal, with some sandstone and shale 85 Yenow m nme C sTo U ne "som'e 'gray "sandstone", "and bits "of 'siderite ." ." ." ' ! I ' 95 Yellow ttstone and #-ay sandstone, some siderite concretions ^ and shale 10 5 §Sk Ihalt^omf sM^Se "concretions, "and "bits" of "wh^ '^^ne 110 Coll. some black shale, gray sandstone, a few bits of cakute ^ GW micaclou's' 'sandy' ' shale," ' some ' dark ' shale* ' and ' coal, some pieces of yellow limestone and fire clay. |£" Dark shale some coal, a few pieces of limestone. j£j> Bark sha e,' soSI red oxidized material, and siderite concretions. . 130 Coal, some gray micaceous shale, and gray sandstone 135 Grav micaceous shale, some coal and fire clay..... + v"' Gray micaceous shale and sandstone, some siderite concretions, a few bits of white limestone • • -. •• t: Kn Gray micaceous shale and a few bits of siderite concretions 150 Siderite, concretionary, some gray micaceous shale ^ . . . . . . . • • Coal and gray sandstone, some concretionary siderite, some bits of limestone and pyrite. A crinoid stem noted jou White sandstone with infiltrated lime ^ 80 Fine gray sand with infiltrated lime :•••,■. " * ' ' ' ' " " Fine gray micaceous sand with infiltrated lime, some gray ^ shale "■ ■ : ' ion Fine gray sand with infiltrated lime Depth Feet 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 180 185 190 210 72 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet White micaceous sand 210 225 Sand, with infiltrated lime, and some coal 225 230 Coal, some white limestone and black shale, some siderite 230 235 Gray micaceous shaly sandstone, some bits of coal, pyrite, and siderite 235 240 Yellow sand with infiltrated lime ; the smaller grains float on water 240 245 Gray micaceous sandstone, some small spherules of siderite con- cretions, a few pieces of pyrite and white limestone 245 250 Gray sandstone, some siderite concretions (spherules), some dark shale, and bits of white limestone 250 255 Dark sandy micaceous shale, some gray sandstone, and siderite.. 255 265 White sandstone 265 280 Gray micaceous sandstone, some pieces of laminated sandstone.. 280 310 White micaceous sand 310 320 White limestone, indistinctly fragmental, a little sand and some gray shale 320 325 White limestone like the above, a little dark shale. A crinoid stem noted 325 330 White, indistinctly fragmental limestone. Some bits of pyrite, and a crinoid stem noted 330 335 Greenish compact limestone, and micaceous sandstone, with some shale 335 340 Gray shale, some sandstone 340 345 Gray micaceous sandy shale 345 350 Gray micaceous shale, some yellow limestone, and one piece con- taining woody fibre (?) 350 355 Gray sandy shale, some yellow limestone, and a few siderite concretions 355 360 Gray shale, micaceous sandy shale, and some yellow limestone.... 360 365 Gray sandstone, some laminated yellow sandstone, some yellow limestone, fragments of siderite 365 370 Gray shale and sandstone, some siderite concretions 370 375 Gray sandy shale, some siderite concretions. Carbonaceous shreds noted in shale 375 380 Siderite concretions, some sandy shale 380 385 Gray sandy shale, some concretionary siderite and bits of gray sandstone 385 390 Gray sandstone and sandy shale. A few pieces of black car- bonaceous shale, coal, some sandstone with infiltrated lime, and some crinoid stems. Retzia punctulifera noted 390 395 Gray sandstone, dark shale, some white limestone, concretionary siderite. A crinoid stem and Athyris noted. A little coal noted 395 400 Gray shale and some sandstone, concretionary siderite, bits of pyrite, and a few pieces of sandstone with infiltrated lime 400 405 Gray sandy shale, and some concretionary siderite 405 410 White brexiated limestone, with cracks filled with yellow calcite, some yellow limestone, some siderite, a little gray shale, and sandstone with bits of pyrite 410 415 White limestone, cracks filled with yellow calcite, some concre- tionary siderite 415 420 White limestone, having cracks filled with yellow calcite, some yellow limestone, some gray soft shale, and a few bits of coal 420 430 White and yellow limestone, cracks filled with calcite, some gray sandstone and a few pieces of black shale 430 435 Gray shale and concretionary siderite 435 450 Dark gray shale and siderite concretions 450 475 Gray sandy shale, some gray sandstone, siderite, and a few frag- ments of yellow limestone 475 480 Gray sandy shale, some pieces of which have layers of siderite, yellow limestone and bits of pyrite 480 485 Gray micaceous shale, some gray sandstone, few small fragments of yellow limestone 485 490 Gray micaceous shale 490 495 Dark shale, some siderite concretions, a few pieces of white lime- stone and pyrite 495 500 Dark shale, some coal and concretionary siderite, and a few pieces of dark limestone. A crinoid stem noted, also some oolitic black concretionary material 500 505 Dark shale and some siderite, a few bits of white limestone, coal, and pyrite. Crinoid stem and closely tuberculated crinoid spine moted, also a spiral Ammodiscus. Rhombopora, lepidoden- v.cm ihr&o lpnsPS. The r and sov very sof their pr< at least over the immedia Chester of the fi The 1 vieve is wells on intervals than otl The 1 bers of uniform stone, r; bedded more. Ste. ' rocks, limestor its litho the St. Louis, i main di of life v been re< sandstoi lime st oi line bet Cypress unconfc Dr. ^ Illinois spicuoui 100 feei the Illi] Ulrich'e The section The rec i Ibid, p 2 Ulrich, Prof. Pape blatchley] LAWRENCE COUXTY STRATIGRAPHY. 85 to be particularly soft in comparison with the underlying St. Louis lime- stone. It merges into the St. Louis and the only possible distinction between them in this district is one of hardness. The Ste. Genevieve has an average thickness of 85 feet over the held, with a range of 56 to 120 feet. Dr. Udden studied samples from wells 2, 5, and 10 of the columnar section and makes note of oolites at the top of the Ste. Genevieve. This strongly corroborates Mr. Weller's idea that the Ste. Genevieve of Illi- nois and particularly this portion of the State represents the basal Fredonia. The Ste. Genevieve contains the McClosky sand, which has proven the most prolific oil horizon in Illinois. The wells have not only produced an exceptionally large initial flow but they have maintained a steady yield. They have been instrumental in upholding the Illinois production when other sections of the field were declining. The range of depth for the productive McClosky sand is 1,550 to 1,850 feet, The oil is found 20 to 50 feet in the limestone. St. Louis Formation^ — The St. Louis limestone underlies the Ste. Gene- vieve and is characterized by extreme hardness,- and a blue-gray color. It is often very cherty. This bed, with subjacent limestone members of the Mississippian are over 900 feet thick in this locality. The St. Louis was penetrated in wells 4, 7, 9, 11, 14^ and 17. There were 680 feet of St. Louis and lower members recorded in Xo. 14 and 890 feet in Xo. 17. Well Xo. 17 of the columnar section is the deepest bore in Lawrence countv. It is 2,936 feet deep. The next deepest is Xo. 14, 2,590 feet. 86 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 CHAPTER II. General Description of Features of the Main Fields. INTRODUCTION. It is not the object of this report to outline new prospective oil areas but to present the geological facts observed in the developed fields, that will corroborate certain laws governing the genesis and accumulation of oil and gas. Certain facts are presented showing the relation of the quantities of oil, salt water, porosity of the sand, etc., to the structural features of the sand. The structure of individual sands is plotted in detail by use of contours and cross-sections; these show the vertical amplitude of the arches. FIELD W.OEK. Topographic Surveys of the Area. The United States Geological Survey and the State Geological Sur- vey in cooperation, have been making topographic surveys in and near the oil fields. The Hardinville quadrangle survey was completed in 1908. It covers an area 17 miles long by 13y 2 miles wide, south of the Illinois Central Railroad. The southern half of the Crawford county oil fields and the northern portion of the Lawrence county fields, namely that portion in Petty township, lie within the Hardinville area. The Sumner quadrangle adjoins the Hardinville area on the south and in- cludes a small portion of this field in its northeast corner. The survey and topographic work was completed during the field season of 1911. The Vincennes quadrangle adjoins the Sumner area on the east and extends into Indiana. It includes a large portion of the Lawrence county fields in its northwest corner. The primary control has been made for the quadrangle but the secondary leveling and topographic work of the Illinois portion of the area are planned for the season of 1912. The levels established in the Hardinville and Sumner quadrangles serve as a basis of the work incidental to this report. The cooperative work of both surveys has been further extended north of the Hardinville sheet, in the survey and study of over-flowed lands along North Fork of Embarrass river. This covers a narrow strip along the west side of the proposed Moonshine quadrangle, adjoining the Har- blatchley] HARDINVILLE QUADRANGLE. 87 dinville area in the north. The survey parallels the west side of the oil fields of Crawford county and will probably serve as a basis for future work in that area. The proposed Oilfield quadrangle is the second north of the Hardinville, and the first north of the Moonshine quadrangles. It is planned to survey this area soon. This will then serve as a basis for geological study of the shallow fields of Clark county. The work of computing the altitudes of wells and tops of the various producing sands would not have been possible had not bench marks been scattered advantageously over the fields, particularly along highways. There were usually one-half dozen or more elevations painted on tele- graph poles and fences along each section, which enabled the field men to run levels to the wells with a reasonable degree of accuracy and at the same time to check with other levels on adjoining roads or in other sections. LEVELS IN THE OIL FIELDS. The primary levels of the U. S. Geological Survey are the most im- portant in the oil fields, as alsewhere, since they are based upon precise levels from a mean sea level and hence are of th highest order. They are usually carried in circuits and thus check upon themselves. The benches of these levels are usually the permanent iron posts planted, two in each township, and not more than six miles apart. The secondary or "flying" levels are carried from the permanent bench posts and are spread generally over local areas. The level figures are painted on fences, culverts, bridges, telephone posts, etc., in order to aid the topo- grapher and geologist in contouring and detailed leveling. The limit of error in primary leveling is about six inches in 100 miles circuit. There is no prescribed limit of error in secondary leveling although it usually is one foot, which can be easily adjusted between permanent bench marks. The results of precise and primary leveling in the Hardinville and Sumner quadrangles are given as follows i 1 Hardinville quadrangle. The elevations in the following list are based upon bench mark B 3 of the Coast and Geodetic Survey at Olney, 111., a square cut at the- base of one of the columns of the north face of the court house. The elevation now accepted is 486.117 feet above mean sea level as de- termined by the 1907 adjustment. The leveling was done in 1907 by Mr. Henry Bucher, levelman. The work was done in cooperation with the State and the bench marks are stamped with the State name. HICKORY POINT SCHOOL ALONG HIGHWAYS NORTH, TO T. 6 N., R. 14 W., NORTHEAST CORNER SECTION 10, THENCE EAST, TO T. 6 N., R. 12 W., NORTHEAST CORNER SEC- TION 7, THENCE NORTH, TO INDIANAPOLIS SOUTHERN RAILROAD AND EAST ALONG LATTER 2 MILES. TO ROBINSON. Feet. T. 4 N., R. 14 W., 0.25 mile south of northwest corner of section 27, southeast corner of T road, on east side of road, 1.3 feet west of fence, 15 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "510 ADJ" 510.502 i Herron, W. H. Report of the Cooperative Topographic Survey of Illinois, Bull. 111. State Geol. Survey, No. 14, 1909, pp. 31-182. 88 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull.no. 22 Feet T. 4 N., R. 14 W., southwest corner of section 3, northeast corner of crossroads, east side of road, 1.1 feet west of fence, 11 feet north of fence corner; iron post stamped "508 ADJ" 509.121 T. 5 N., R. 14 W., northeast corner of section 34, at southwest, cor- ner of crossroads, on west side of road, 1.1 feet east of fence, 7 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "496 ADJ" 496.574 T. 5 N., R. 14 W., southwest corner of section 15, northeast corner of crossroads, on north side of road near old rail fence, about 14 feet east of north and south fence line, on east side of north and south road (New Light Christian Church (?) is at southeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "457 ADJ" 457.555 T. 5 N., R. 14 W., southeast corner of section 3, northwest corner of crossroads, west side of road, 6 feet east of fence and 4 feet north of fence corner; iron post stamped "462 ADJ" 463.263 T. 6 N., R. 14 W., northeast corner of section 27, southwest corner of crossroads, west side of road, 1.2 feet east of fence, 5.6 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "483 ADJ" . . . .' 483.969 T. 6 N., R. 14 W., 0.25 mile east of southwest corner of section 2, T road (the branch to west is very dim), outside of road at T, 1.3 feet south of fence, 15 feet east of north and south fence at fence corner (north of center of T) ; iron post stamped "478 ADJ" 478.367 T. 6 N., R. 13 W., northeast corner of section 7, at southwest corner of T road, on west side of road, 1.2 feet east of fence, 7.5 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "483 ADJ" 483.298 T. 6 N., R. 13 W., southwest corner of section 2, (crossroads) 0.75 mile south of Stoy, on small bank by pipe line, 1 foot east of fence, 76 feet north of east and west fence line on north side of east and west road; iron post stamped "475 ADJ" 476.261 T. 6 N., R. 12 W., northeast corner of section 7, T road, on south side of road opposite the Wilson Schoolhouse, 0.7 foot north of fence, 12 feet east of fence corner, on edge of lane to south; iron post stamped "581 ADJ" 531.481 FROM POINT 0.75 MILE SOUTH OF STOY SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAYS TO T. 4 N., R. 13 W. NEAR SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SECTION 29. Feet T. 6 N., R. 13 W., northwest corner of section 23, T road, on bank on south side of road at T, 1.5 feet north of fence, 34.5 feet east of north and south section line fence; iron post stamped "484 ADJ" 485.269 Hardinville, section 34, T. 6 N., R. 13 W., on east side of main north and south road just north of Christian Church, 500 feet south of crossroads, 4.2 feet north of fence line between McCarty (south side) and Newman (north side), 6.8 feet west of an old fence line north in correct position; iron post stamped "510 ADJ" 510.903 T. 5 N., R. 13 W., 0.25 mile north of southwest corner of section 4, southeast corner of T road, at T, on south side of road, 0.9 feet north of fence, 39 feet east of north and south fence line, on east side of north and south road; iron post stamped "463 ADJ" 463.826 Chauncey, southwest corner of section 28, T. 5 N., R. 13 W., at north- east corner of crossroads, on east side of road, 1.2 feet west of fence, 6.6 feet north of fence corner; iron post stamped "488 ADJ" 488.708 T. 4 N., R. 13 W., 0.25 mile north of southeast corner of section 8, northwest corner of T road, north side of road between 2 walnut trees, 1.2 feet south of fence, 28 feet west of north and south fence line on west side of north and south road; iron post stamped "492 ADJ" 492.990 blatchley] SUMNER QUADRANGLE. 89 FROM T. 6 X., R. 12 W., NORTHEAST CORNER OF SECTION 29, ALONG HIGHWAYS SOUTH, TO FAIRVIEW CHURCH. Feet. T. 6 N., R. 12 W., quarter corner east side of section 29, T road at southwest corner, on south side of road, 1.1 feet north of fence 7 feet west of 2-foot oak tree at fence corner; iron post stamped "512 ADJ" 512.750 T. 5 N., R. 12 W., northwest corner of section 9, at southeast corner of crossroads, on east side of road, 0.8 foot west of fence, 5 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "523 ADJ" . 523.318 T. 5 N., R. 12 W., 0.25 mile east of northwest corner of section 28, southeast corner of crossroads, 0.8 foot west of fence, 6 feet south of fence corner; iron post stamped "442 ADJ" 442.767 Westport, section 32, T. 5 N., R. 12 W., iron truss bridge over Em- barrass river at southwest corner, in highest part of masonry support, 1. 1 feet from east edge, 0.3 feet from south edge; alum- inum tablet stamped "437 ADJ" 437.339 T. 4 N., R. 12 W., northeast corner of section 18, southwest corner of crossroads, south side of road, 1.3 feet north of fence, 22 feet west of north and south fence line on west side of north and south road; iron post stamped "436 ADJ" 436.534 T. 4 N., R. 12 W., northwest corner of section 29, at crossroads, on south side of road at T, 2.1 feet north of fence line, 23 feet east of north and south fence line at fence corner; iron post stamped "455 ADJ" 455.678 Su inner quadrangle. The leveling was done mostly by H. G. Lowe and in part by H. Bucher in 1907. FROM POINT 4 MILES EAST OF OLNEY EAST ALONG BALTIMORE AND OHIO SOUTH- WESTERN RAILROAD, TO CLAREMONT, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAYS NORTH, TO HICKORY POINT SCHOOL. (Mean of Direct and Reverse Leveling.) Feet. Claremonc station, 0.36 mile west of, south end of small artificial lake, in top of east wing of masonry dam, 0.9 foot from west edge and 1.8 feet from north edge, in northwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped "498 ADJ" 498.826 Claremont, at station crossing; top of south rail 509.8 FROM CROSSROADS 0.93 MILE NORTH OF CLAREMONT EAST ALONG HIGHWAY' TO T ROAD 0.25 MILE EAST OF NORTHEAST CORNER SECTION 5, T. 3 N., R. 13 W., THENCE NORTH 1 MILE. Feet. T. 4 N., R. 14 W., southwest corner of section 36, at northeast corner of crossroads, on east side of road, 0.7 foot west of fence, 22 feet north of fence corner; iron post stamped "509 ADJ" 510.263 T. 3 N., R. 13 W., 0.25 mile east of northwest corner of section 4, at T road, 0.7 foot north of fence, 24.5 feet east of telegraph pole, about 11 feet east of center line of north and south road; iron post stamped "483 ADJ" 484.085 T. 4 N., R. 13 W., 0.25 mile east of northwest corner of section 33, at T road, on west side of road, 2.2 feet east of fence, in concrete post flush with ground; aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 10, 489 ADJ" 490.408 90 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 FROM T. 3 N., R. 13 W., SEC. 5, 0.25 MILE EAST OF NORTHEAST CORNER, EAST TO T. 4 N., R. 12 W., NORTHEAST CORNER SECTION 32, THENCE NORTH, TO FAERr VIEW CHURCH. Feet. T. 4 N., R. 13 W., southwest corner of section 36, opposite U. B. Union Chapel, at northeast corner of crossroads, on east side of road, 1.1 feet west of fence, 62 feet north of fence; iron post stamped "570 ADJ" , 571.168 T. 3 N., R. 12 W., northwest corner of section 4, at crossroads, State road east to west, on south side of road, on bank a little east of center of road to north, 0.9 foot north of fence, 18.5 feet east of telegraph pole; iron post stamped "457 ADJ" 457.461 FROM POINT 2 MILES NORTH OF BRIDGEPORT SOUTH, TO GRANT SCHOOL, THENCE WEST 5.6 MILES, THENCE NORTH, TO SUMNER. Feet. Bridgeport, 100 feet north of railroad, on front face of southeast corner of yellow brick building owned by F. W. Cox, about 3 feet above sidewalk; aluminum tablet stamped "449 1908" 448.591 T. 3 N., R. 12 W., corner of sections 20, 21, 28 and 29, at north- west corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "489 1908" 489.774 Grant School, corner of sections 4, 5, 8 and 9, T. 2 N.j R. 12 W., at northwest corner of crossroads, in southeast corner of school yard, iron post stamped "446 1908" 446.892 T. 2 N., R. 13 W., quarter corner between sections 4 and 9, at south- west corner of crossroads, 3 feel: west of corner of John White's yard; iron post stamped "476 1908" 477.274 Sumner, on Main street, 250 feet south of railroad, at northeast cor- ner of street crossing in brick building owned by Mart Wagner, in south face on foot from southwest corner and 3 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "461 ILLINOIS 1908" 462.148 Sumner, railroad crossing on Main street; top of rail 460.5 FROM POINT 5.6 MILES WEST OF GRANT SCHOOL WEST, TO BROWNSVILLE, THENCE NORTH, TO CLAREMONT. Feet. T. 2 N., Rs. 13 and 14 W., corner of sections 1, 6, 7 and 12, Law- rence-Richland county line, at northwest corner of crossroads, in root of tree ; spike 537.90 Preston School, corner sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, T. 2 N., R. 14 W., in front of T road east, 600 feet south of T road west, in south- east corner of school yard; iron post stamped "456 1908" 456.244 Black Oak School, corner of sections 27, 28, 33 and 34, T. 3 N., R. 14 W., at northwest corner of crossroads, in southeast corner of school yard, in tree root; spike 497.20 T. 3 N., R. 13 W., at corner of sections 21, 22, 27 and 28, at south- west corner of crossroads, by picket fence; iron post stamped "506 1908" 505.920 Claremont, in front of station; top of rail 509.7 GRANT SCHOOL SOUTH, TO NEAR PATTON. Feet. T. 2 N., R. 12 W., quarter corner between sections 20 and 21, at northeast corner of crossroads, in southwest corner of school yard; iron post stamped "445 1908" 445.641 T. 1 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 8, 9, 16 and 17, at northwest corner of crossroads, by picket fence; iron post stamped "462 1908" 462.325 blatchley] GEOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF QUADRANGLES. 91 FROM POINT 5.6 MILES WEST OF GRANT SCHOOL SOUTH AND EAST, VIA FRIENDS- VILLE, TO NEAR PATTON. Feet. T. 2 N., R. 13 W., quarter corner between sections 21 and 28, in front of T road west of schoolhouse, 4 feet south of corner fence post; iron post stamped "460 1908" 460.636 Lancaster, 400 feet east by 400 feet south of middle of section 4, T. 1 N., R. 13 W., in west face of Lutheran church directly under window south of entrance, about 2.5 feet above ground; aluminum table stamped "494 ILLINOIS 1908" 494.584 Stoeltz Schoolhouse, quarter corner between sections 20 and 21, T. 1 N., R. 13 W., at southwest corner of crossroads, in northeast corner of school yard; iron post stamped "459 1908" 459.431 Friendsville, quarter corner between sections 23 and 24, T. 1 N., R. 13 W., in east side of brick house of Dr. C. S. Couch, near southeast corner, about 3 feet above ground; bronze tablet stamped "482 VIN" 481.722 FROM STOELTZ SCHOOL WEST, TO PINHOOK, THENCE NORTH, TO BROWNSVILLE. • Feet. T. 1 N., Rs. 13 and 14 W., 0.25 mile north of quarter corner between sections 19 and 24, in front of and about 20 feet south of center line of T road east; iron post stamped "409 1908" 409.460 Pinhook, quarter corner between sections 21 and 22, T. 1 N., R. 14 W., at northeast corner of T road north; iron post stamped "435 1908" 435.611 T. 1 and 2 N., R. 14 W., about 0.1 mile east of quarter corner be- tween sections 4 and 33, at northwest corner of crossroads, oppo- site small white house; iron post stamped "458 1908" 458.416 Red Head Schoolhouse, quarter corner between sections 16 and 21, T. 2 N., R. 14 W., at southwest corner of crossroads, in northeast corner of school yard; iron post stamped "462 1908" 462.584 Preston School, corner of sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, T. 2 N., R. 14 W., in front of T road east, 600 feet south of T road west, in south- east corner of school yard; iron post stamped "456 1908" 456.244 GEOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OE QUADRANGLES. The following are the geographical positions of points in the three quadrangles covered by this report : Hardinville quadrangle. Oraivford, Jasper, Lawrence and Richland Counties — The following geographic positions were determined by primary traverse run in July, 1907, by Mr. J. E. Ellis, assistant topographer. The line starts from Claremont triangulation station and follows highways along south and east edges of quadrangle to Eobinson, thence westerly along the Illinois Central Eailroad to Oblong triangulation station, thence westerly along railroad to Willow Hill, thence southerly along railroad and highways on west edge of quadrangle to Claremont triangulation station : 92 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Geographic Positions Along Highways Near South Border of Quadrangle. Stations. Latitude. Longitude. Claremont triangulation station of the U. S. Lake Survey and U. S. C. & G. S., in section 29, T. 4 N., R. 14 W., German township, 3 miles northwesterly from town of Claremont a station on Ohio and Mis- sissippi Railroad, on land of Brinkley heirs. Station mark: Two stone posts, one above the other in the usual manner. Reference marks. One north 67° 33' west, distant 23.1 meters. One north 0. 39' west, distant 7.8 meters. One north 71° 45' east, distant 24.6 meters from station mark. Northwest corner of section 29 bears north 60° 03' west, distant 847 meters from station mark T. 4N.,R. 14 W., corner sections 28, 29, 32 and 33, 20 feet south to corner fence post T. 4 N., R. 14 W., corner sections 27, 28, 33 and 34, T road west at school house, 10 feet east to rail fence T.4N., R. 14 W., quarter corner between sections 26 and 27, crossroads, 15 feet north to center of bridge T. 4 N., R. 14 E., quarter corner between sections 25 and 26, center of crossroads T. 4 N., R. 13 and 14 W., quarter corner between sections 25 and 30, center of crossroads, Richland and Lawrence county line Sumner, 2.25 miles north by 0.25 mile west of; on west side of road at T road east, 2 feet west to fence, 25 feet east to center of T road east, in top of concrete block 8 x 8 x 20"in ground, aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 10, 1907, ILLINOIS " T. 4 N., R. 13 W:, corner sections 27, 28, 33 and 34, 25 feet south to corner fence post T.4N..R.13W., east corner sections 27 and 34, stone, T road west at church T. 4 N., R. 13 W., corner sections 25, 26, 35 and 36, center of T road south T. 4 N., R. 12 and 13 W., corner sections 25, 30, 31 and 36, crossroads, 10 feet west to center of small bridge T. 4 N., R. 12 W., stone corner sections 29, 30, 31 and 32, T road south Westport, 5.75 miles due south of; on east side of T road west at Fair- view church, in top of concrete block 8 x 8 x 20" inches, aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 11, 1907, ILLINOIS" T. 4 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 28, 29, 32 and 33, center of T road west 38 45 28.5 38 44 49.1 38 44 48.8 38 45 15.1 38 45 14.9 38 45 14.7 38 44 7 47.8 38 44 47.7 38 44 47.5 38 44 44.0 38 44 43.8 38 44 44.8 38 44 46.0 38 44 45.9 87 59 40.8 87 59 03 .2 87 57 55.4 87 56 47.2 87 55 39.3 87 54 31.4 87 51 58.4 87 51 06.9 87 49 58.9 87 48 55.7 87 47 48.1 87 46 42.8 87 45 35.3 87 45 35.5 Geographic Positions Along Highways Near East Border of Quadrangle. Stations. Latitude. Longitude. T. 4 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 20, 21, 28 and 29, T road west T. 4 N., R. 12 W., stone corner sections 16, 17, 20 and 21, fence east and west Center of T road east T. 4 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 7, 8, 17 and 18, center of crossroads. . Westport, 0.75 mile east of; intersection at T road west T. 5 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 21, 22, 27 and 28, center of county line road at north and south fence ' Crawford, 1 mile north of; Lawrence county line T road east, southeast corner, 7 feet north and 4 feet west to maple tree, 35 feet north and 20 feet west to center of T road east, in concrete block, aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 12, 1907, ILLINOIS" Quarter corner between sections , center of crossroads T. 5 and 6 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 3, 4, 33 and 34, stone, 1,340 feet east of; T road east on T. S. line T. 6 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 27, 28, 33 and 34, T road west, 25 feet due east to corner fence post Road west at Indian boundary New Hebron, T road just northeast of; 10 feet northeast to large black oak tree Lane east at turn of road T. 6 N., R. 12 W., corner sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, T road west at school house, 12 feet cast to corner yard fence T. 6 N., R. 12 W., north corner sections 3 and 4, center of T road south, just east of entrance to Robinson Fair Grounds Robinson court house, in stone post at south entrance to grounds, aluminum tablol stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 13, 1907, ILLI- NOIS" 38 45 39.2 38 46 32.2 38 46 44.2 38 47 23.4 38 49 40.2 38 51 00.0 38 51 54.8 38 52 57.9 38 53 40.5 38 54 41.6 38 55 34.0 38 56 19.8 38 57 31.1 38 58 19.1 38 58 59.3 38 59 54.5 39 00 IS. 2 87 45 35.4 87 45 35.4 87 46 38.5 87 46 41.8 87 44 42.8 87 44 26.0 87 43 52.1 87 43 52.7 87 43 53.1 87 44 10.4 87 44 27.5 87 44 51.8 87 44 35.8 87 44 30.2 87 44 19.2 87 44 19.8 87 44 21.6 BLATCHLEY] GEOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF QUADRANGLES. 93 The following Sumner quadrangle. Edwards, Lawrence, Richland and Wabash Counties- geographic positions on U. S. Standard datum were determined by primary traverse in 1908 by J. E. Ellis, assistant topographer. The line starts from Claremont triangulation station of the U. S. Lake Sur- vey and Coast and Geodetic Survey and follows south along public high- ways to Parkersburg triangulation station, thence to southwest corner of Sumner quadrangle, thence east to point near Patton and north along border of quadrangle to primary traverse station No. 11, 1907, Illinois: Geographic Positions Along Highways. Station. Latitude. Longitude. 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 44 3d 30 30 30 30 30 35 35 35 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 44 49.2 15.3 15.2 18.4 14.6 14.5 10.0 26.0 25.7 52.0 44.6 38.2 37.5 34.6 34.6 28.0 27.7 20.7 20.4 13.2 06.2 19.2 59.3 52.6 46.0 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 59 59 57 56 55 54 47 45 45 4.', 45 45 4.') 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 54.4 T. 1 N., R. 14 W., 1 corner between sees. 20 and 21, center of cross roads Mills Prairie school house No. 13, at northeast corner of T road north, 0.25 mile east of, 25 feet south and 25 feet west to \ corner between sees. 21 and 22, T. 1 N., R. 14 W., elevation 435; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 13, 1908, Illinois" 05.2 57.8 Edwards- Wabash county line, center of bridge over Bonpas creek.. T. 1 N., R. 14 W., 1 corner between sees. 23 and 24, center of T road south 53.2 48.1 T. 1 N., R. 13 and 14 west, \ corner between sees, 19 and 24, center of T road west 41.2 Barney Prairie church, stone at T road west at 55.0 Harmonv school house, in southwest corner of vard at; 35 feet south and 30 feet Vest to \ corner between sees. 20 and 31, T. 2 N., R. 12 W., cross roads; elevation 445; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 17, 1908, Illinois" 34.1 T. 2 N., R. 12 W., \ corner between sees. 20 and 21, center of cross roads T. 2N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 16, 17, 20 and 21 34.5 34.0 T. 2 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 8, 9, 16 and 17 33.4 Grant school house, in southeast corner of vard at; elevation 446; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 18, 1908, Illinois" 33.4 T. 2 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 4, 5, 8 and 9, center of cross roads T. 2 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 4 and 5 (north corner), T road south. . . T. 3 N, R. 12 W., corner sees. 32 and 33 (south corner), T road north.. Bridgeport, at northeast corner of cross roads about 3 miles south of; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 19, 1908, Illinois" 33.1 33.0 34.6 33.8 T. 3 N.. R. 12 W., corner sees. 28, 29, 32 and 33, cross roads. . . 34.0 Bridgeport, at northwest corner of cross roads 2 miles south of, eleva- tion 489; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 20, 1908, Illinois" T. 3 N, R. 12 W., corner sees. 20, 21, 28 and 29, center of cross roads... T. 3 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 16, 17, 20 and 21, center of T road west.. T. 3N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 8,9, 16 and 17 34.3 33.9 33.5 33.3 Bridgeport, Main street crossing Baltimore & Ohio railroad 35.3 T. 3 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 4, 5, 8 and 9, center of cross roads T. 3 N, R. 12 W., corner sees. 4 and 5 (north corner), 20 feet north to T road south 33.1 33.0 Westport 5.75 miles due south of; on east side of T road west at Fair- view church, in top of concrete block 8 by 8 by 20 inches; aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 11, 1907, Illinois"... 35.3 Magnetic Declination of east border of quadrangle 3° 50' east. Magnetic Declination of south border of quadrangle 3° 47' east. Magnetic Declination of west border of quadrangle 3° 36' east. Vincennes quadrangle. Geographic Positions Along Highioays Near West Border of Quadrangle. Station. Latitude. Longitude. Patton, at southeast corner of T road west, 1.25 miles north and 0.5 miles east of; 15 feet north and 20 feet west to center of T road: iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 16, 1908, Illinois" 38 29 54.5 38 30 34.3 38 31 27.3 O 1 II 87 44 29.8 T . 1 N ., R. 12 W., corner sees. 15, 16, 21 and 22 87 44 30.7 T. 1 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 9, 10, 15 and 16, center of cross roads 87 44 31.8 94 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AXD LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Geographic Positions Along Highways Near South Border of Quadrangle — Concluded. Stations. Latitude. Longitude. T. 1 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 3, 4, 9 and 10, center of T road west, at school house , T. 1 N., R. 12 W., stone corner sees. 3 and 4 (north corner) T. 2 N., R. 12 W., stone corner sees. 33 and 34 (south corner) T. 2 N., R. 12 W., corner sees. 27, 28, 33 and 34, Lawrence-Wabash count}' line Harmony school house, 1 mile east of, center of cross roads 38 32 20.0 38 33 14.9 38 33 14.9 38 34 06.8 38 35 25.4 87 44 32.6 87 44 33.4 87 44 29.3 87 44 28.5 87 44 27.0 Magnetic Declination west border of quadrangle 3° 50' east. Elevations of Oil Wells. The elevation of most of the oil wells in the area studied were se- cured by means of a Locke or hand-level. The secondary bench marks served as bases for the work, and levels were run from them to the wells. The limit of error in this work was about two feet, although it was probably less because of the check with previously determined ele- vations and other bench marks. Elevations of about 5,200 wells were determined in the two counties. The leveling in the. Hardinville quad- rangle was done wholly by use of the Locke level while the elevations of the wells in the Sumner quadrangle were determined by use of a Y level in charge of W. E. Deuchler. As no leveling had been done in the Vincennes quadrangle it became necessary to run secondary levels through the active oil fields from the Sumner quadrangle. About 24 square miles of secondary levels were made in this fashion. Collection of Well Eecords. Records were collected from about 95 per cent of the wells in the area although about 94 per cent of these were skeleton logs or simply notations of the depth and thickness of the producing sands. The scarcity of detailed logs is probably due to rapidity of early develop- ment, and the lack of appreciation of their importance. Many detailed records are indispensable in a geological study of any area, especially such as Illinois, which is so covered with drift as to conceal the se- quence of formations and practically all evidence of folding. Too .little attention is paid to the formations above the oil producing sands, which may often prove excellent key horizons, or widespread formations, that may enable a geologist to interpret future records more readily. All operators and drillers are urged to note the positions of all formations in their wells, as a matter of possible value to themselves in drilling in other areas in the State, and as an assistance to the survey whose duty it is to work out the geological problems connected with the oil industry of the State. The vast number of records collected for study necessitated a compact and efficient method of readily locating desired logs. A loose-leaf sys- tem was established for collecting records in the field and later filing these permanently in the office in suitable binders. The records are arranged by township binders and in each of these, by section, farm name, operator and well number. BLATCHLEY] METHODS OF COMPILATION OF REPORT. 95 GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS. General Statement. It is particularly valuable if an area whose oil resources are undei investigation has a persistent key horizon at or near the surface, from which may be determined the interval to the producing sands and the geologic structure. Coals, such as the Pittsburg coal of the Appalachian region or the Herrin (No. 6) coal of western Illinois, serve as excellent key horizons. Limestones of peculiar lithological characteristics are also good horizons for these purposes. Unfortunately, the formations along the eastern boundary of Illinois, as over most of State, are con- cealed' with drift and have been studied but little. Morever, there are no coal mines in this section of the State and the wells of the main fields have offered little or no help toward recognizing persistent horizons close to the surface. Under these conditions it became necessary to resort to altitudes of the sand with respect to sea level in the determination of structure and sand relations. Local Names of Sands. The productive horizons in the several pools of Lawrence county were given the names of the land owners upon whose farms oil was first found in these particular horizons, except for the lenticular Bridgeport sands, first discovered in the county. These were named after the town of Bridgeport, The producing sands of Crawford county are also lenti- cular and are called the Robinson sands, after the city of Robinson. The operators were able to follow and distinguish the sands in their develop- ment from the shallow to the deeper fields and in computing their records, designated the names of the sands with fair accuracy. Where the names were missing, the sands were later found to fit their par- ticular horizons on the structure maps and cross-sections. Correlation of Sands. Strip plotting was resorted to in correlating sands. The record of the wells were plotted to uniform scale, and with the same symbols, on long narrow strips of cross-section paper. The strips were compared, and by shifting one at the side of the others, the relations of the logs to one another were found. The interpretation and correlation of logs, especially those of wells in the Pennsylvanian beds, requires much work and the results are not always satisfactory. Altitudes of Sands. The method used to ascertain the altitudes of the tops of the pro- ducing sands was to subtract the elevation of the mouth of the well from the depth to the sand. The altitudes were usually below sea level and therefore were negative. In drawing a contour map under these con- ditions the high numbers would signify low places and reversely, low numbers high places. In order to avoid confusion in studying con- touring an assumed plane 1,500 feet below sea level was chosen, and from this the negative altitudes were subtracted. The resulting high 96 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 figures then correspond to high places in the structure and the low numbers to low places. Tables of Well Data. The desire to present the vast amount of data from wells in the studied area resulted in the compact tables presented on page 185. In order to show reference from well to table it became necessary to adopt a system of well numbers that would not crowd the map. Each section is, therefore, divided into quarters which serve as units for numbering. The total number of wells for each quarter-section is thus kept below 100. References to wells in the text are abbreviated as fol- lows., Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 60, which signifies well No. 60 in the southeast quarter of section 30, Petty township, Lawrence county, and the record of which may be found in the tables of well data. Other abbreviations are as follows : Ob., Oblong township ; Rob., Robinson township ; H. C, Honey creek township ; Mar., Martin township, all of Crawford county; Bport., Bridgeport township; Law., Lawrence town- ship, and Den., Dennison township, all of Lawrence county. Countour Maps. The structure of the producing sands is graphically presented by use of contours or lines defining the elevation, horizontal form, and slope of the top of the sand. The elevation of the contour is designated by the large number which is set in, or at the end of, the line. The slope, or dip and rise of the sand, is expressed through numbers on consecutive contour lines. The contour maps were drawn on a key or base map which shows the position and reference numbers of all the wells drilled in the area and also additional culture such as towns, streams, roads, pumping stations, etc. All wells that furnished data for a given sand were plotted in position on a skeleton map on which the culture was omitted. The positive altitudes of the sands, with respect to the assumed datum plane 1,500 feet below mean sea level, were contoured between wells. These constitute the structure maps. Cross-sections. The structure of the several producing sands is further shown by the use of cross-sections. They portray graphically the rise and the fall of the oil sands along chosen lines and are intended to make clearer the mental picture of the contour idea to those who are not familiar with contouring. At the same time the sections show the relation of the structure of one sand to that of another. The only cross-sections pre- sented in this report are those of Lawrence county. blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY GEOLOGY. 97 CHAPTER III. Detailed Geology of the Crawford County Fields. GENERAL FEATURES OF THE OIL FIELD. The shape and extent of the Crawford county pools within the Har- dinville quadrangle, are shown on Plate IV, the base map of the area. The map shows the development up to January 1, 1909. The Robinson pool is about 7 miles wide between Oblong and Robinson, but it narrows to about 3!/2 miles at the southern limit of the county. The western boundary of the oil field trends northwest and southeast and is distinctly abrupt. Its eastern edge is very irregular and the oil zone appears to have pinched out here and there as shown by light producing wells and many dry holes. A barren area about 3 miles wide separates the Robinson and Honey creek pools in Crawford county and continues south and southwest in a Y shape, separating the Lawrence county pools from those of Craw- ford county. Detailed data are not at hand to account definitely for the break. It is probably due to a series of undulations transverse to the major axis of the dominant anticline, since the Honey creek sands lie lower structurally than those of the Robinson pool and the Lawrence county sands, higher than those in Crawford county. Other conspicuous gaps in the Robinson pool are the Hardinville gas dome and an irregular break from east to west directly south of the Illinois Central Railroad. The area just east of Hardinville, namely section 35, Martin township, is barren of oil, except in the northwest corner and along the south line, but shows evidence of fair gas pres- sures. The producing sands indicate a structural dome. The narrow barren area through sections 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10 and 16, T. 6. N., R. 13 W., is due to noticeable thinning of the sand which, elsewhere, varies between 2 and 15 feet in thickness. In some instances the sands are entirely absent. This condition is probably accompanied by a lack of sufficient porosity in the sands to allow oil diffusion ; at any rate, there is more regularity in the position, thickness, and production of the sands on both sides of the break; The Crawford county pools are distinctive for possessing one general oil producing zone, known as the Robinson sand. This sand is so broken —7 G- 98 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull.' no. 22 and lenticular that it offers little opportunity for structural study. In fact, the sand shows innumerable streaks, tongues, and detached por- tions and so prohibits correlation and contouring. In some portions of the field, however, the sand is regular in its distribution. It is split into two or three persistent lenses that show average depths of about 850,900, and 940 feet with an average interval between the tops of the sands of about 50 feet. The thickness of the. sand lenses varies between 2 and 50 feet with an average of about 25 feet. The average thickness % of the lenses is difficult to estimate because a great many wells merely penetrate the pay sand and consequently its total thickness remains unknown. Beyond the confines of these areas the sand lenses merge into one an- other and become even consolidated in the wells listed below: List of Wells in Which the Robinson San$ is Exceptionally Thick. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Martin 1 NW. sw. sw. NE. NE. SE. SW. SE. NE. NW. NW. SW. SW. SE. SE. NW. NE. NE. NW. SW. 10 1 6 21 13 18 22 31 23 1 26 8, 13 27 30 27 18 28 6 34 1 2 5, 33 35 2, 5 Honey Creek 6 5 10 29 3 Oblong 2 1 5 20 6 6 7 2 15 31 16 12 The maximum thickness of 'the consolidated sand lenses is 122 feet. In other sections of the field either one, two, or even all the lenses are absent. Those wells in which there is no sand, are as follows: List of Wells From Which the Robinson Sand is Absent. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Oblong 3 SE. NE. NE. NW. NW. SW. SE. SE. SE. NE. SE. 1 5 27 8 12 9 9 18... 1, 2 18... 1 18 2 31 5 Honey Creek 6 1 22 31 1 9 The wells in which one or two lenses are absent are too numerous to mention. There are additional lenses of sand both above and below the zone which includes the three persistent lenses. One above is known as the blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY GEOLOGY. 99 "gas" or ''stray" sand. It is usually from 6 to 20 feet thick and about 20 to 50 feet above the topmost lens of the Eobinson sand. This sand produces small quantities of gas in portions of the field, particularly in the northern part of the Hardinville quadrangle. The sand lens lower than the oil zone may belong to the Eobinson sand as a fourth lens, so closely is it related to the upper lenses. It is not productive. There are other minor streaks of sand even in the producing zone that add further confusion to correlation. There is a shallow sand that is productive of oil in section 27, Mar- tin township that may be comparable to one of the shallow Clark county sands. Its extent is very limited. DETAILED STRUCTURE OF THE DISTRICT. Owing to the irregular deposition of sands and shales it was found impossible to correlate and contour any sand beds definitely except the top lens of the Robinson sand which is somewhat persistent over the area. Even this work loses much of its scientific value because parts of it are suppositional through the overlapping and wedging out of this sand bed, as well as those above and below it. The altitudes of the top lens are assembled and contoured in Plate 5. The general structure of the Robinson pool reveals a broad and gentle arch which is divided into two parts by a transverse basin. The northern part shows the arch to be about 6 miles wide with its crest 95 feet above the lowest explored portions of its limbs. This portion of the arch is subdivided into two crests of the same height. One lies in section 5 and the other in section 10, Oblong township. The southern portion of the arch is about four miles wide and 110 feet high. The crest of this portion lies in section 35, Martin township. The two arches merge into a depressed or synclinal area through sections 13, 14, 15 and 21, T. 6 X., R. 13 W., the bottom of which is 65 feet lower than the crest of the northern arch and 105 feet lower than that of the southern arch. The 1,100-foot contour follows the limits of the pool in a general way and seems to include most of the productive zone. The contours on the portion of the Honey creek pool shown on the map indicate a lower productive level than the Robinson pool. The heart of the production lies along the 1,080-foot level which is equiva- lent to the lowest productive levels on the arch of the Robinson pool. This pool is a continuation of the Robinson pool and the difference in oil levels seems to indicate an intervening depression. The western boundary of the productive field in Crawford county is sharply defined and is marked by an abundance of salt water. It is also worthy of note that there are at least seven wells along this line that show an absence of sands. The western limb of the arch is much the steeper, which fact corroborates previous observations of the La- Salle anticline in its exposure near La Salle, 111. 1 It would then follow from the general knowledge of the Illinois basin 2 that the Robinson sands assume a much steeper dip a short distance west of the oil field. The tendency of the sands to remain locally flattened on the east side i Weller, Stuart, The, geological map of Illinois: Bull. 111. State Geol. Survey. No. 6, 1907, p. 12. 2 Oil resources of Illinois with special reference to the area outside the Southeastern fields: Bull. III. State Geol. Survey, No. 16, 1910, pp. 48-51. 100 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull.-no. 22 of the arch is in keeping with the slope of the arch at LaSalle. The Duncanville and Flat Rock pools lie at about the same general levels as the Honey creek pool and add further evidence to the mild nature of the eastern limb of the anticline. Relations of Structure to Oil and Gas. The Robinson sands have proved rich in their yield of oil. Of the 2,370 wells mapped in this area but 206 or 8.7 per cent were barren of oil or gas. The range of initial production lies between 1 and about 1,600 barrels. The lower lenses have been slightly more productive than the top lens. The distribution of oil has not been even over the area because of the following factors: 1. The porosity of the sands is variable and in many places they are impervious. The drillers have reported the sands hard and dry and thus incapable of containing oil. 2. The sands thin and thicken commonly and in some localities pinch out altogether. Non-porosity usually accompanies such condition. The light producing and barren streak through sections 2, 3, 4, 9, 8 and 7 Martin township offered evidence supporting this. 3. The sandstones are so closely interbedded and related to the shales along the producing zone that cemented mixtures of the- two probably prohibit extensive diffusion of oil, gas, or water in some areas. 4. The best productive areas are attended with thicknesses between 20 and 40 feet of sand and are usually free from large amounts of salt water. 5. Local dry spots in the midst of very productive territory cannot be attributed to small depressions or knolls in the sand bodies but they are explained as due to the thinness and non-porosity of the bed. The following few wells illustrate this fact: Mar. sec. 26, NW. No. 4. Mar. sec. 36, SW. No. 5. Ob. sec. 15, SE. No. 8 and 19. Ob. sec. 10, NW. No. 12. Rob. sec. 1, NE. No. 7. H. C. sec. 6. NE. No. 11. The top lens of the Robinson sand is especially rich in section 9 of Oblong, section 6 of Honey creek, and sections 1 and 2 of Martin town- ships. The lower lenses are prolific in sections 21, 22, 23, 34, and particularly 26 and 27, Martin township; 10, 14, 15 and 16, Oblong township, and 6, 10 and 15, Honey creek township. Only about half of the records collected furnished information of the initial yield. Enough data, however, was gathered to indicate the distribution of oil in the various sections of the area. The following table shows the num- ber of wells that furnished data of the production. These are listed under headings of townships, sections, No. 1 and lower lenses, and initial production. The gas and dry wells are also given: blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY GEOLOGY. List of Wells in Craioford County, With Initial Productions. 101 Location. Number of wells indicating initial production. Township. Section. Lenses. CO 3 & o 6 CO 3 6 3 8 s l.O CO 3 ,o o 8 o o CO g 1 CO 3 £! Si ® > c 3 >> 1 No. 1 1 5 2 10 5 9 4 1 7 3 1 2 4 2 1 1 9 1 1 2 2 Lower No. 1 2 3 Lower 3 1 No. 1 2 11 Lower 1 3 No. 1 4 12 . Lower 1 No. 1 1 2 20 Lower 3 No. 1 _ 21 Lower 1 3 No. 1 1 6 2 12 2 14 9 1 ...... 3 22 3 6 5 16 4 12 3 5 4 4 1 9 1 2 1 2 No. 1 1 23 Lower 2 1 6 12 No. 1 1 1 ...... 1 8 24 Lower 7 2 No.l 1 3 2 25 Lower 1 1 1 . No. 1 4 26 1 2 2 25 2 8 1 1 7 ""18" ""12" 1 3 1 1 1 4 6 No. 1 1 27 Lower 1 2 No.l 3 28.. . Lower 2 7 No. 1.. 6 33 Lower 3 1 No. 1 3 34 1 No.l 4 2 1 3 14 7 3 5 1 2 6 4 4 5 2 6 1 5 4 35 Lower No. 1 1 36 2 No. 1 1 1 3 13,19,29,32.... 2 . . 2 1 No. 1 6 No. 1.. 2 3 2 1 1 1 8 2 1 7 3 4 3 . Lower 8 1 1 1 1 1 No. 1 3 4 1 No. 1 , 5 .. No. 1 3 8 5 6 Lower 2 2 2 2 No. 1 4 Lower 1 3 102 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 List of Wells in Crawford County, With Initial Productions — Continued. Location. Number of wells indicating initial production. Township. Section. Lenses. £1 O s o s O o 3 o o o m o ° r/2 3 ,o >o 6 rn Q Oblong— Concl'd. 7 No. 1 1 10 9 5 8 Lower 4 3 2 1 1 No. 1 4 9 Lower No. 1 1 1 1 2 10 2 4 5 8 6 2 5 7 15 2 3 2 7 9 7 1 6 10 Lower No. 1 1 4 1 12 3 11 1 1 1 6 1 13 1 2 2 11 ,, No. 1 1 4 1 14 8 No. 1 """3" 2 13 1 8 1 3 1 6 15 Lower No. 1 2 1 1 3 16 Lower . . . No. 1 5 17 Lower 5 2 2 10 2 No. 1 3 1 7 18... No. 1 4 31 2 8 5 2 1 1 • No. 1.. 2 32 . 1 1 2 4 No. 1 . 1 3 1 2 4 3 3 33 No. 1 2 1 1 2 2 34 No. 1 3 35 1 3 1 No. 1 2 3 4 1 1, 11 . No. 1 . 3 1 No. 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 4 6 No. 1 1 7 12... 2 No. 1 1 2 3 13 No. 1 1 36 1 1 No. 1 11 2 2 3 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 18, 31, 32,33 5 No 1 13 Honey Creek No. 1 1 4 Lower 1 2 blatchley] CRAWFORD COUNTY GEOLOGY. 103 List of Wells in Crawford County, With Initial Productions — Concluded. Location. Number of wells indicating initial production. Township. Section. Lenses. s 3 o 1 3 fii o a o o o !M C o c o 3 & o t-i (C Q c >> Honey Creek- 6 No. 1 3 3 1 5 5 ...... 1 1 1 3 3 4 1 1 1 1 2 ..... 8 10 Lower No. 1 2 15 Lower No. 1 4 1 1 16 No. 1 1 1 4 3 4 17 1 2 31 No. 1... 2 6 1 4 32 7 No. 1.. 2 8 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 17, 18, 19, 20, 28, 29,30,33,34.. Total 4 3 1 No. 1 17 16 No. 1 27 71 130 221 64 142 131 46 32 63 13 33 42 206 Lower In general throughout the field gas occurs with oil, but not in large quantities. The wells yielded enough for use on the leases and often for drilling but not for commercial use. The thin stray lens above the No. 1 yielded abundant gas, particularly in the northwest corner of Honey creek township. The quantities were from 1 ? 000 7 000 to 4,000,000 cubic feet daily and under pressures from 200 to 400 pounds to the square inch. These wells are connected to large mains and fur- nish gas to nearby towns. This same lens is productive of less quanti- ties of gas in sections 2 and 35, Oblong township and 36 and 1, Eobin- son township. The contours of the No.l lens reveals a small dome on the anticline in section 35, Martin township. Several small gas wells lie about 25 feet down from the crest of the arch or within the 1,160-foot contour. It is true that in Crawford county, as well as in Lawrence county, the best gas wells are not necessarily found on the highest points of the arch but are located on its slopes. Since the oil lies lower structurally than the gas, the same would follow for the oil accumulation. This would perhaps suggest that where the crests of anticlines are known in unproven areas, drilling should be started slightly to either side of the highest point. Eelations of Salt Water to Structure. The oil field shows salt water at many points, but particularly along its western limit. Water does not uniformly fill the rocks of the region, 104 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 as there are many dry strata, of which some are capable of containing water. Great quantities of salt water occur upon the limbs of the anti- cline and in the Illinois basin beyond the productive area and at its sharply defined boundaries. All the lenses of the Eobinson sand are well saturated along this line, but the upper lenses are generally barren of water within the oil pool. The lower lenses reveal water across the fold and in some portions under the oil. Drilling has proven that the oil lies near the top of the lower sand lenses and consequently but few wells pass through the oil stratum and into the water for fear of drown- ing out the oil. The water is generally very abundant and seems to be under pressure. Its release from the sand sets up a very rapid flow that is difficult to stop. The basin which divides the major arch in the Eobinson pool is barren of water but is productive of oil. This corroborates the theory as to the accumulation of oil in dry rocks. The first lens, however, is less pro- ductive than the lower ones through this basin. The trough that separates the Honey creek and Robinson pools shows salt water in the scattered dry wells drilled into it. Most of the wells in the portion of the Honey creek pool included in this report were only drilled into the oil pay. The wells that penetrated beneath the pay tapped the salt water zone which would indicate that the water con- trols the accumulation of the oil and instrumental in holding it captive in its present position. The eastern side of the oil field also shows abundant water in the lower lens but apparently not so much as at the corresponding level on the steeper limb of the arch. Both water and oil are irregularly distri- buted on the east limb of the anticline. Conclusion. It is obvious from the position of the water and oil along the LaSalle anticline that the water has controlled the accumulation of oil in the arch. The water probably has been a means of originally collecting and causing the oil to migrate from long distances up the slope of the arch and into its crest. This is effective for all lenses of the Robinson sand. The degree of saturation is variable over the crest of the arch. The lower lenses are frequently reported saturated with water through the field whereas, for the most part, the upper lens shows little saturation. blatchley] LAWREXCE C0UXTY GEOLOGY. 105 CHAPTER IV. Detailed Geology of the Lawrence County Field. GENERAL FEATURES OF THE OIL FIELD. The shape and extent of the oil field in Lawrence county is shown in Plate VI, the base map of the area. The development is indicated to July 1, 1911. The field has a northwest and southeast trend with its northern limit exactly on the Lawrence-Crawford county line and its southern-most extremity in sections 11 and 12, T. 2 IS., R. 12 W. The pool is continuous for 17 miles, although it is thinly developed at both ends. It is about 2y 2 miles wide from the county line to about 9 miles south. It then broadens and includes the Dennison township fields in a width of about 5 miles and narrows again at the extreme southern end to about 3 miles. The field changes its course on the vicinity of Bridge- port from about north 24 degrees west to north 44 degrees west, or 20 degrees. The western edge of the oil field is similar in character to that of Crawford county, in that it is almost abrupt and uniform, except for a small detached area in sections 20, 29 and 30, Bridgeport township. This extension of the field is due to a small terrace on the western slope of the anticline, indicated later in one of the cross-sections. The eastern edge of the field, like that of Crawford county, is very irregular and is probably due to the flattening of that side. The Lawrence county field is the richest of the eastern Illinois fields. It has produced more large wells than the rest of the fields combined and its wells have maintained steadier production than those of any other locality in the State. This field is prominent because of its large number of producing sands ranging in depth from 800 to 1,900 feet, or from the top of the Pottsville rocks in the Pennsylvanian series to the top of the hard and thick St. Louis limestone of the Mississippian series. There is a shallow sand at about 450 feet that produces oil but its distribution is limited to a very small area in sections 2 and 3, Dennison township. The other producing sands are in order of depth, the three Bridgeport lenses, Buchanan, "Gas," Kirkwood, Tracey and McCloskv sands. 106 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES., [bull. no. 22 DETAILED STRUCTURE OF THE DISTRICT. The "Shallow" Sand. A shallow sand is productive in sections 2 and 3, T. 2 N., R. 12 W. It lies at a depth of from 444 to 485 feet or from 25 feet above sea level to about 17 feet below. The initial production was light, aver- aging about 12 barrels per day. This sand is thought to be the equiva- lent of a shallow sand in section 27, Martin township, Crawford county and possibly of one of the Clark county sands. Further details of the sand are found in the tables of well data. Bridgeport Sand. The Bridgeport sand derived its name from the town of Bridgeport near the middle of the Lawrence county field. The first well in this field and in this sand was drilled by the Big Four Oil Company in July, 1906, on a narrow strip of land north of the Baltimore,. Ohio and Southwestern Railroad and south of the public road in Bridgeport. At the same time that the well was drilled the land belonged to the town of Bridgeport. The Bridgeport sand is widely developed both north and south of the town. The initial productions of the sand are good. This fact, to- gether with the shallow depth at which the oil is found, attracted atten- tion to the field as a very promising area for exploration. The sand is found over the whole field but is especially productive of oil in sections 31, 32, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 17, Bridgeport township. It is productive of good pressures of gas and some oil in sections 34, 35, 3 and 2, Dennison township. The Bridgeport sand is lenticular and closely resembles the Robinson sand. In fact it seems to correspond to that sand in position and physical features as shown in the discussion of the stratigraphy of the two counties, page 83. This sand comprises three general lenses and some smaller ones in several parts of the oil field. The depths of the sands vary between 600 and 1,000 feet. Thus a range of depth is due to a sharp uplift of the LaSalle anticline and to the irregularity in the surface. It is impossible to average the thickness of the lenses for the whole of the county, so great is their variability. Some of the lenses are but a few feet thick and others are over 300 feet through. North of Bridgeport they average about 35 feet. In the other areas of good pro- duction, the pay lenses have a wide range of thickness. It is also im- possible to average the interval between lenses because of the wide difference over the field. The records in many instances show that the lower lenses of the Bridgeport sand merge into the massive sandstone that is characteristic of the Buchanan or basal portion of the Pottsville rocks. No attempt was made to show the structure of this horizon by means of contours or cross-sections because of the uncertainty of correlation. Moreover the lack of sufficient detailed logs also prohibited any general conclusions as to the distribution of the sand. The oil and salt water relations are discussed later. blatchley] LAWRENCE COUNTY GEOLOGY. 107 Buchanan Sand. The Buchanan sand is the next producing sand lower than the Bridge- port. It was first discovered in September, 1906, by the Ohio Oil Company on the E. 0. Buchanan farm in the S. y 2 S. E. ^4 Sec. 16, Lawrence township. The pay was found at 1,332 feet. The type area for the sand lies in sections 15 and 16 Lawrence township; sections 21 and a portion of 22, Dennison township; and sections 17 and 20 of Bridgeport township. Data of the sand are very scattered over the rest of the field. There are enough facts known, however, to show the general structure up to and including sections 24, 19 and 20, Petty township. The information north of these sections is scant and un- reliable because of the association of the Buchanan sand with the upper Bridgeport lenses. The Buchanan sand comprises the basal part of the Pottsville rocks and is characterized by thick or massive sandstones over most of Illi- nois. These rocks mark the lowest portion of the Pennsylvanian series and lie unconformably on the Chester or upper division of the Missis- sippian rocks. Most of the well data in the tables indicate shallow penetration into this sand, which was tapped and entered a short dis- tance in order to provide for a sufficient and safe shot. The oil zone is usually underlain with salt water, which, if tapped, offers danger of drowning the oil. In some localities of the State this sand is called the "Salt sand" because saturated with salt water. This sand has been one of the most prolific producers of oil in the Illinois fields. Its wells have yielded large quantities of oil and but little gas. DETAILED STRUCTURE. The altitudes of the top of the Buchanan sand were assembled and contoured in Plate VII. In some localities of the field wells giving data were so far apart that it was not justifiable to draw definite contour lines. The dashed lines were substituted to indicate the approximate structure. The general structure of the Buchanan sand reveals a very irregular surface. The type area of the sand is the most completely drilled. Data from this locality shows two small, symmetrical, domes, one in section 17, Bridgeport township and the other in sections 15 and 16, Lawrence township and section 21, Dennison township. The west dome (section 17) is 107 feet high. It is enclosed by the 640-foot contour line and covers about l 1 /^ square miles. The crest of the dome lies in the SW. cor., NE. % sec. 17. The second dome is 99 feet high and is also enclosed by the 640-foot contour. It covers about 2 square miles of area. Its crest lies along the W. % SW. % sec. 15, Lawrence township. The sand dips rapidly from the first dome in the type area toward the southwest. From the crest of this dome to Bport,, sec. 30 SE., No. 3, the clip is 262 feet in about 2V2 miles or at the rate of 105 feet per mile. This rapid dip merges into a minor terrace in the lower sands in the NW. cor., sec. 29, but is not shown for the Buchanan sand. The structure is very irregular east and south of the type area of the Buchanan sand. The contours range from 600 to 760 feet. They show 108 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 a general dip to the east. The west side of this part of the field is high structurally but unproductive. The Buchanan sand dips sharply north of the type area and then gradually rises into an uplift of the main axis of the LaSalle anticline that has the appearance of a narrow double plunging anticline. The apex of this dome-like structure lies near the center of section 30, Petty township. The rise to the north from Bport., sec. 17, NE., No. 15 to Pet. sec. 30, SE,, No. 66 is 368 feet in 3% miles, or at the rate of 108 feet per mile. The sides of the dome dip very steep to the west and east from its apex, with the steeper slope to the west. The dip along the C-C cross-section from Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 66 to Bport, sec. 36, SE., No. 3 is 328 feet in 1% miles, or at the rate of about 290 feet per mile. The dip east from the crest of the dome to Pet. sec. 20, SE., No. 7 along the same cross-section is 223 feet in l 1 /^ miles, or at the rate of 178 feet per mile. The western side of the dome dips 112 feet more per mile than the eastern side. This is in keeping with the nature of the LaSalle fold exposed near LaSalle. The structure contours reveal a rapid plunge of the sand from the dome to the north and then a rise into a second dome with a crest 22 feet lower than the major uplift. The dip from the crest of the first dome to Pet. sec. 30, NE., No. 22, at the bottom of the basin, is 123 feet in about one-half of a mile. The rise from the bottom of the basin to Pet. sec. 19, SE., No. 38, the crest of the second dome, is 101 feet in about three-fourths of a mile. The contours indicate a uniform dip northward from the second dome. The dip of this sand along the western side of the anticline is uniform. A small though conspicuous terrace interrupts the long sweeping rise from the type area of the Buchanan sand into the dome in Petty township. It lies in sections 7 and 8, Bridgeport township along the 700-foot contour. The area covers about one-half of a square mile. The wells yielded good intial productions of oil. "Gas" Sand. The "Gas" sand is so named because it produces small amounts of gas wherever encountered, though in some instances it is productive of oil. The sand underlies the Buchanan sand and is usually the first or second sand in this district penetrated in the Mississippian or, speci- fically, the Chester rocks. There are 36 wells in the area that furnish data for both Buchanan and "Gas" sands and from these the average interval between these sands is found to be 198 feet. The sand is definitely correlated from section 36, Petty township to sections 5 and 6, Bridgeport township. Without detailed knowledge of the plunging anticline, in section 30, Petty township or the strati- graphy of the area, the oil men have confused the "Gas" sand with the upper sands, particularly with the Buchanan bed, and in some instances with the Kirkwood sand beneath. The relations of this sand to the others of the region are geographically shown in cross-sections A- A, B-B, and C-C. The average thickness of the "Gas" sand estimated from data fur- nished by 245 wells is 16 feet with a range from 1 to 68 feet. blatchley] LAWRENCE COUNTY GEOLOGY. 109 The "Gas" sand produces gas over most of the contoured area. The amounts were not reported. DETAILED STRUCTURE, The altitudes of the top of the "Gas" sand were assembled and con- toured in Plate VIII. The structure of this sand is the most regular of any in this field, with the exception of the Kirkwood. The contours indicate a uniform dip of the sand along the east and west flanks of a strongly defined anticline. The structure further confirms the double plunging of the major fold both to the north and south. The highest point of the anticlinal dome is in Pet, sec. 30, NE., No. 5. The dip to the north from this point to Pet, sec. 36, NW., No. 12, is 232 feet in slightly over 5 miles or at the rate of about 46 feet per mile. The decline to Bport, sec. 17, NE., No. 39, is 246 feet in 4% miles or at the rate of about 56 feet per mile. The western dip from the crest to Bport., sec. 36, SE., No. 8, is 321 feet in 1% miles or at the rate of 183 feet per mile. The dip eastward from the crest to Pet., sec. 29, NE., No. 7, is 210 feet in seven-eighths of a mile. The two lowest points along the western flank of the anticline con- form to the 440-foot contour. The field is bounded by the 500-foot contour on the west and the 600-foot contour on the east. The con- tours south of the north line of sections 5 and 6, Bridgeport township, were broken because the data was scattered and somewhat indefinite. Kirkwood Sand. The Kirkwood sand was first developed in 1907 by the Burton Bros. Oil Company on the Thomas Kirkwood farm in the E. % NE. ^4 S€c - 14, Lawrence township, now known as the R. M. Kirkwood farm and operated by the Bridgeport Oil Company. This sand is the most widely developed and productive of any in the Lawrence county field. It extends from section 36, Petty township, to section 8, Dennison town- ship and spreads into all outlying pools, thus indicating the shape and extent of the Lawrence county field. The Kirkwood sand is the most widespread sand that is productive of oil in the Illinois basin. It is the equivalent of the Sparta sand of Randolph county, the Lindley gas sand of Greenville, the Carlyle oil sand of Clinton county, the Benoist sand of Marion county, and the Oakland City sand of Pike county, Indiana. This sand lies low in the Chester series and is usually overlain by a succession of shales, lime- stone, some sandstone, and at least two and often three red shales. The second red shale usually serves as its horizon marker as the red rock is easy to distinguish because it discolors the water used in drilling. The Kirkwood sand is lenticular in some portions of the field. It is subdivided into two and often three thin lenses. The surface of the top lens, however, is uniform over the county and is taken as a basis of contouring. The sand shows excellent initial productions and has promise of being long lived and steady in its yield. It is the most reliable of all the sands. There is little or no gas }deld from it except close to the 110 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 northern limits of the county. The oil is a "sweet" oil containing a small percentage of sulphur and has about 30° gravity, Beaume. There are three areas in the field where this sand is especially pro- ductive. The type locality includes sections 11, 12, 14, 15, Lawrence township and sections 22, 23, 25, 26 and 36, Dennison township. The next important area lies about the anticlinal dome spoken of under the discussion of the upper sand beds of the field, page 107. This area includes sections 19, 20, 29 and 30, Petty township, and sections 6, 31, 32 and 36, Bridgeport township. A less important area is well developed in parts of sections 7, 8, and 17, Bridgeport township. Data from 220 wells in the Lawrence county field indicate an average interval of 67 feet between the Kirkwood and "Gas" sands in the upper part of the field, and 243 wells indicate an average interval of 265 feet between the Kirkwood and Buchanan sands in its lower part, where the "Gas" sand is not correlated. The average interval between the Kirk- wood and "Gas" sands in 157 wells in Petty township is 63 feet. There are 63 wells in the northern part of Bridgeport township that show an average interval of 78 feet between the two sands. The range of interval lies between 26 and 134 feet. The intervals between the Kirkwood and Buchanan sands were cal- culated for that portion of the field south of Petty township. Those in Petty township were not averaged because of the uncertainty of corre- lation of the Buchanan sand. There are 85 wells in Bridgeport township that show an average in- terval of 255 feet between the two sands; 57 wells in Lawrence town- ship with an interval of 244 feet; and 101 wells in Dennison township with an average interval of 287 feet. The interval therefore seems to increase toward the southern end of the field. There are eight wells on the terrace in sections 20, 29 and 30, Bridgeport township that show an average interval of 450 feet between the sands. This seems to indicate a rapid thickening of the formations as they dip west into the Illinois basin, adjacent to the LaSalle anticline. The wells in the eastern extension of the field in sections 11 and 12 of Lawrence town- ship indicate a lessening of interval between the sands and an average of about 200 feet. The thickness of the Kirkwood sand is very irregular over the field. It is found to average about 30 feet in those wells that pass through the sand. DETAILED STRUCTURE, The altitudes of the top lens of the Kirkwood sand were assembled and contoured in Plate IX. The contours on this sand give a most com- plete and satisfactory idea of the structure of the LaSalle fold. The information was abundant and widely distributed. The upper part of the field from sections 35 and 36, Petty township, to and including sections 7 and 8, Bridgeport township, shows an elongated dome or double plunging anticline. The actual top of the dome lies around Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 55. The sand dips in four directions from this well. The general crest lies within the 680-foot blatchley] LAWREXCE COUNTY GEOLOGY. Ill contour and has an areal extent of about 80 acres. A part of it overlaps into section 29, Petty township. The sand dips 240 feet northward along the A- A cross-section, between the crest and Pet. sec. 35, IS'E., No. 2, a distance of 5% miles. The rate of dip is 41 i'ect per mile. The dip to the east along the C-C cross-section to Pet. sec. 20, !SE., No. 10, is 219 feet in iy 8 miles or 194 feet per mile. The dip to the west along the same cross-section to Bport. sec. 36, SE., No. 8, is 342 feet in iy 2 miles or at the rate of 228 feet per mile. The southward dip of the sand through the center of the field to Den. sec. 22, NW., Nb. 5, is 335 feet in b 1 /^ miles or at the rate of 63 feet per mile. /The dome-like structure merges into a mild trough in sections 4, 9, 10, Lawrence township, and sections 21 and 22, Dennison township. The sand then lies flat to the south through Lawrence and Dennison /townships forming a broad plateau-like crest of the major fold. The sand lies at a uniform level at about the 400-foot contour. The sands on both sides of the field and to the south dip toward the limbs of the major fold. The southern limits of the field seem to gradually drop lower than the producing zone of the sand. Whether the major fold continues to drop, until it merges into the southeastern side of the eastern interior coal basin or whether the drop is local, as seems to be the case between Crawford and Lawrence counties, is not known. At any rate the anticline loses much of its identity as a structural fold, thus suggesting its mergence into the rim of the basin. The terrace in sections 20, 29 and 30, Bridgeport township, prev- iously spoken of, is prominently shown by the Kirkwood sand contours. It seemingly covers an areal extent of about 240 acres and lies between the 100 and 120-foot contours. This is about 300 feet lower than the producing sand in the Kirkwood area of Dennison township, three miles east. Further drilling will possibly extend production until the area will cover several times its present extent. Tracey Sand. The Tracey sand was first developed in 1908 by Busch and Everett in the R. J. Tracey farm in the NW. 14, NE. y±, sec. 13, Lawrence township. This sand is not found widely productive of oil. The type localities lie in sections 11 and 14, Lawrence township; sections 25 and 26, Dennison township; and sections 19 and 30, and sections 25, 26, 35 and 36, Petty township. This sandstone is soft and calcerous. It overlies the Ste. Genevieve and massive St. Louis limestones, which the oil men often call the "big lime." The Tracey sand lies in the basal portion of the Tribune formation and does not correspond to the Cypress sandstone, as has been suggested by the author in his earlier studies of the stratigraphy of the area. 1 Data from 194 wells over the entire field indicate an average interval of 114 feet between the Kirkwood and the Tracey sands. The average interval for each of the townships is shown in the following table : 1 Economic Geology, Vol. VII, No. 6, September, 1912, p. 579 112 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES.- [bull. no. 22 Intervals Between Kirkwood and Tracey Sands. Average interval Number between of the Township. wells giving Kirkwood data. and Tracy sands in feet. Dennison . . . 65 21 30 78 105 Lawrence 111 Bridgeport 118 Petty 120 The interval seems to widen as the sands dip into the limbs of the anticline. The interval in Pet. sec. 15, NE., No. 1, is 160 feet and in Pet. sec. 23, NE., No. 1, 210 feet. The intervals lessen to the north to about 40 feet. This fact is borne out by the A-A cross-section. The Tracey sand yields excellent pressures of gas in the northern half of the field. The gas has a rank odor in consequence of its large sulphur content, and the oil is "sour." This sand is so closely associated with the underlying limestones that its oil and gas probably had its origin from them. DETAILED STRUCTURE. The altitudes of the top of the Tracey sand were assembled and contoured on Plate X. The data were too scattered to warrant well defined contouring, hence many of the contour lines are broken to indicate merely the general trend of the structure. Only the type localities mentioned above justified continuous contour lines. The structure of the sand closely resembles that of the overlying Kirkwood except that the dips are not so pronounced. As with the other sands, the Tracey conforms to the dome-like structure in Petty township. The crest of the dome lies at Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 63. The dip northward to Pet. sec. 26, NE., No. 2, is 247 feet in 6% miles or at the rate of 37 feet per mile. The sand appears very flat in parts of sections 12, 13, and all of 18, about l 1 /? miles north of the apex of the dome. The fold dips equally about 240 feet to both sides of this flat. The dip south from the apex of the dome to Law. sec. 10, SW., No. 1, is 283 feet in 3% miles or at the rate of 73 feet per mile. The Tracey, like the Kirkwood horizon, assumes a plateau-like nature on the crest of the anticline to the south of the last mentioned well. McClosky Sand. and Gas % section 25, The McClosky sand was developed by the International Oi Company on the M. McClosky farm in the NW. % SE. Dennison township. The type locality for this sand lies in sections 25 and 36, Dennison township. It is also productive at the same level in sections 11, 12, 13 and 14, Lawrence township. This formation is extensively developed in a long narrow strip beginning in the NE. *4 section 6, Bridgeport township and extending through the middle of the field into section 19, Petty township. The McClosky sand is widely developed in the northern end of the field in sections 1, 7, 11, 12, 13, 18, 25, 35 and 36, Petty township. BLATCHLET] LAWRENCE COUNTY GEOLOGY. 113 The McClosky sand is a soft oolitic limestone known as the Ste. Genevieve. This limestone underlies the Cypress and Chester rocks and overlies the massive and hard St. Louis limestone. The contact between the overlying Chester and the Ste. Genevieve in Lawrence county is well definedbut the lower portion of the Ste. Genevieve merges into the St, Louis. In many places the two limestones can be distinguished only by the difference in their hardness and the presence of oolites in the Ste. Genevieve. Data from 150 wells in the Lawrence county field show an average interval of 104 feet between the McClosky and Tracey sands. The average interval in each of the townships is shown in the following table : Intervals Between Tracey and McClosky Sands. Average intervals Number between of the Tracey Township. wells giving and data. McClosky sands in feet. Dennison 43 14 15 113 Lawrence 118 Bridgeport 105 Petty 78 96 The interval widens perceptibly as the sand clips into the limbs of the anticline. The interval in Pet. sec. 15, NE. No. 1, is 174 feet and in Pet. sec. 23, NE., No. 1, is 175 feet. The McClosky sand has yielded the largest initial productions of any of the producing sands in Illinois. It is not widely developed because of the large expense incurred in drilling. The wells in the northern section of the field have been good producers and have yielded some gas. The oil and gas have a large sulphur content. The southern part of the field has yielded several oil gushers and but one or two gas wells. The oil has a much smaller sulphur content than that from the northern portion of the field. DETAILED STRUCTURE. The altitudes of the top of the McClosky sand were assembled and contoured in Plate XL The contours reveal one major and three minor domes along the crest of the anticline. The first dome lies at the northern boundary of the county, in sections 25 and 36, Petty township. It falls within the 320-foot contour. The top of the dome covers about three-fourths of a square mile. The sand dips from this dome into a basin about 90 feet deep and then gradually rises into a terrace through sections 12, 13, 18 and 19, Petty township. The terrace merges rapidly into the major dome of the fold in section 30, Petty township. The top of the dome lies at Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 59. The dip from the apex eastward to Pet. sec. 20, SE., No. 10, is 164 feet in 1% miles, or at the rate of 145 feet —8 G 114 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFOFiD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 per mile. The dip westward to Bport. sec. 31, SW., No. 5, is 218 feet in iy 8 miles, or at the rate of 193 feet per mile. The west dip of the fold is 45 feet greater than the east dip for the same distance. There are two very small domes or sharp pinnacles in the sand immediately south of the major uplift. The crests of these lie at Pet. sec. 32, SW., Nos. 10 and 17. The sand lies at 413 and 418 feet respectively above the assumed datum plane of 1,500 feet below sea level or only 27 feet below the top of the largest dome. The data are scanty along the sides of the main anticline and there- fore the contours are dashed. They show strong dips to both sides of the field and a long gentle dip to its southern end. The structure of the sands in the southern half of the field is very similar to that of the Kirkwood and Tracey sands. The crest of the anticline merges from the major dome into an extensive flat area which lies uniformly around the 160-foot contour. CROSS-SECTIONS. General Statement. Four cross-sections were constructed along lines that pass through and across the Lawrence county field. They were chosen especially with respect to the structure of the area, as it is desired to show the nature of the crest of the La Salle anticline as well as the flanks. The sections were also chosen along lines that pass through or near a large number of wells. The cross-sections were constructed by plotting records with respect to sea level. A line representing sea level was drawn, and another repre- senting an ideal surface 500 feet above it. This is marked off to corres- pond with the points where the line crosses section or township lines. The names of the townships are placed in their proper positions. The records of the wells were located with respect to their position along the line and above sea level. They were then plotted with uniform symbols and scale. Wherever the cross-section line cut a contour- line the alti- tude of the contour was marked with a cross and set in its proper position. Correlation lines were then drawn through all crosses repre- senting the altitude of a particular sand and between similar formations in detailed records. Since a datum plane 1,500 feet below sea level was used to make the contouring read positive this line is drawn on the sections merely to emphasize its use. The position of any sand can be measured directly above the datum plane line and the figures thus ob- tained should correspond with those obtained from the structure maps and those recorded in the tables of well data. Cross-section A-A. The A-A cross-section, PL XII, presents the structure of the sands along the crest of the anticline and through the middle of the entire Lawrence county field. As a whole the section is especially valuable since it shows the double plunging anticline, the crest of which lies in section 30, Petty township, the convergence of the sands at the northern end, and the dip from the dome into the flat at the southern end of the BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNT! CROSS-SECTIONS. 115 field. The sands are shown to be generally parallel with local irregu- larities that seem due, in most cases, to the thinning and thickening of the sand. All sands conform to a mild basin at the foot of the elongated dome in sections 9 and 16, Lawrence township. LOGS. The section is made up from many skeleton logs which are found in the tables of well data. The detailed logs are presented below. The records of the following wells are found in the tables : List of Wells in Lawrence County Furnishing Data for Cross-Section A-A. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Petty.. 26 NE. SE. NE. NW. sw. sw. NE. NE. NE. NE. NE. SE. SE. NW. NW. NW. SW. sw. NW. NW. NW. NW. SW. SE. SE. SE. SE. NE NE. NE. SE. SE. SE. SE. NW. NW. SW. SW. NW. NW. NE. NE. SE. SW. NE. NW. NW. NW. SW. sw. SE. NE. NE. SW. SW. NW. NE. NE. SE. 1 26 4 35 2 36 11 36 5 36 6 12 4 12 12 6 14 12 12 12 12 10 12 9 18 17 18 16 18 15 1 18 18 3 19 3 19 19 5 19 g 19 21 19 19 19 16 19 14 19 1 3 30 13 30 15 30 .' 26 30 60 30 59 30 " 69 30 76 Bridgeport 32 35 32 33 34 32 ' 23 26 9 10 5 4 10 9 5 15 Lawrence 9 15 9 4 12 15 11 7 15 22 20 15 1 Dennison 4 22 8 23 1 23 26 1 26 14 10 26 15 116 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 List of Wells in Lawrence County — Concluded. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Dennison— Concluded . . 25 SW. sw. NW. NE. SE. SE. SE. NW. NW. SE. NW. NW. 2 25 3 36 2 36 1-3 36 19 36 16 36 9 6 5 6 4 6 1 8 1 8 2 The following logs are those shown in detail in the cross-section and briefly referred to in the tables: Pet: sec. 36, SW., No. 8. Operator — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Petty, No. 1. Elevation— 436 feet. Sand and gravel, loose Slate, blue, soft Limestone, gray, hard (3 bailers water, 190 feet) Slate, brown, soft Limestone, yellow, hard Slate, blue Slate, brown, hard Slate, black, soft Coal Shells Slate, white, hard Shell, blue, hard Coal Slate, blue, soft Shale, white, hard Shale, brown, soft Slate, black, soft Slate, blue, soft Slate, brown, hard Limestone, white, hard Shale, white, soft . Limestone, blue, hard Shells, hard Limestone, red, soft Slate, blue, soft Limestone, blue, hard (2 bailers water, 800 feet). Slate, blue, soft Limestone shells, gray, hard Slate, black Sand, white (10 bailers water per hour, 885 feet) Slate and shells, blue Sand (hole full of water, 980 feet) Slate, blue, soft Sandy shale, brown Sand, white, soft Slate, black Sand, gray, hard Slate, black Sand, white Slate, brown, soft Sand, loose Slate, light brown, soft Limestone, hard Sand, white, hard Limestone, gray, hard Slate, blue, soft Sandy limestone Oil sand Thickness Depth Feet Feet 112 112 68 180 10 190 110 300 6 306 10 316 124 440 10 450 4 454 15 469 55 524 5 529 5 534 56 590 15 605 85 690 10 700 10 710 15 725 10 735 10 745 20 765 15 780 5 785 10 795 5 800 15 815 20 93 S 35 870 15 885 35 920 60 980 25 1,005 90 1,095 8 1,103 10 1,113 62 1,175 10 1,185 35 1,220 20 1,240 15 1,255 5 1,260 5 1,265 10 1,275 1,285 13 1,298 28 1,326 10 1,336 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. 117 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Slate, blue, soft 10 1,346 Limestone, yellow, hard 20 1,366 Oil sand, white, soft • 26 1,392 Limestone, gray 8 1,400 Sand, white, oil 12 1,412 Slate, blue, soft .10 1,422 Total depth 1,422 Initial production, 125 bbls. Pet. Sec. 36, SW., No. 10. Operator — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Petty, No. 3. Elevation— 435 feet. Sand, white, soft Slate, blue, soft Limestone, light, hard Sand, white, hard Slate, blue, soft Limestone, gray, hard Sand, white, hard Slate, white, soft Limestone, light, hard Slate, white, soft Limestone, light, hard Slate, light brown, soft Sand, hard (oil 1,328 to 1,332 feet) Slate, light brown Limestone, gray, hard Slate, blue, soft Sand, white, soft (oil 1,3-75 to 1,387 feet) Slate, blue, hard Limestone, hard Sand, white, soft Limestone, blue, hard Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 100 970 130 1,100 15 1,115 100 1,215 10 1,225 5 1,230 15 1,245 5 1,250 30 1,280 5 1,285 20 1,305 5 1,310 22 1,332 15 1,347 17 1,364 3 ■1,367 20 1,387 5 1,392 10 1,402 12 1,414 21 1,435 1,435 Pet. sec. 1, NW., No. 3. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Drole, No. 7. Elevation — 435 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Clay, soft 18 18 Sand and gravel, soft 96 114 Slate, soft 108 232 Sand, hard 10 242 Shell, hard (water) 23 265 Slate, white, hard 95 360 Slate, dark, hard 60 420 Shell, hard 5 425 Coal 6 431 Slate, light, soft 269 700 Shell, light, hard 25 725 Slate, light, dark, red and blue, soft 90 815 Sand, hard (water) 25 840 Slate, light, soft 10 850 Sand, white, loose 45 895 Slate, light, soft 5 900 Sand, white, hard 63 963 Slate, light, soft 50 1,013 Slate, dark, hard 40 1,053 Limestone, gray, hard 7 1,060 Slate, light, soft 50 1,110 Sand, gray, loose (water, 1,150 to 1,240 feet) 40 1,150 Sand, white, hard 90 1,240 Limestone, gray, hard 30 1,270 118 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES', [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Slate, dark Slate, light, loose.... Oil sand, gray, loose. Slate, dark, hard Limestone, gray, hard Sand, white, loose. . . Slate, black, hard.... Sand, white, hard.... Oil sand Slate, dark, hard. . . . Limestone, gray, hard Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 20 1,290 28 1,318 8 1,326 12 . 1,338 25 1,363 12 1,375 9 1,384 18 1,402 10 1,412 2 1,414 17 1,431 1,431 Pet. sec. 1, SW., No. 5. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Piper, No. 9. Elevation— 435 feet. Soil Mud, blue, soft Slate, light, soft Sand, white, soft (water) . . . Slate, light, soft Coal Slate, light, soft Limestone, white, soft Slate, white, soft Slate, black Slate, white Limestone, white, hard Slate, white, soft Slate, black Slate, light Coal Limestone, white, hard Slate, black, soft Sand, white, soft Coal Slate, white Slate, brown Slate, white Sand, white, hard Slate, white, soft Slate, brown Slate, black Slate, light Limestone, white, hard Sand, white, hard Slate, white, loose Slate, brown, loose Limestone, white, hard Slate, white, soft Slate, black Limestone shell, hard Sand, brown, open Shale Sand, white Limestone,, gray Sand, white Slate, black Limestone shell, hard Slate Sand, white, soft Limestone shell, hard Red rock Slate, black Limestone, white, hard Slate, black Sand, gray . . . Slate, black Total depth Initial production, 90 bbls. Thickness Depth Feet Feet 18 18 4 22 34 56 2 58 57 115 2 117 123 240 6. 246 59 305 20 325 30 355 8 363 15 378 32 410 10 420 3 423 3 426 42 468 7 475 4 479 21 500 52 552 20 572 6 578 17 595 45 640 12 652 33 685 5 690 10 700 10 710 40 750 10 760 g 765 30 795 10 805 11 816 824 15 839 12 851 122 973 1,014 5 1,019 120 1,139 68 1,207 28 1,235 10 1,245 1,252 23 1,275 25 1,300 12 1,312 1,326 1,326 BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. 119 Logs — Continued. Pet. sec. 30, NE., No. 9. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — Boyd, No. 11. Elevation — 452 feet. Mud and slate Limestone Slate Sand Slate Limestone Slate Sand -. Slate Limestone, hard Slate Sand Slate Coal Slate Limestone shell Coal Slate Sand Coal Shale, brown Sand Slate Limestone shell Sand Slate * Limestone shell Slate Limestone shell Slate Stray sand Slate Sand Sand, broken Oil sand (best oil, 933 to 950 feet). Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 44 44 6 50 20 70 20 90 55 145 15 160 5 165 25 190 10 200 5 205 45 250 40 290 50 340 5 345 55 400 10 410 5 415 100 515 5 520 3 523 32 555 30 585 15 600 608 64 672 700 5 705 780 5 785 830 13 843 876 4 880 15 895 57 952 952 Pet. sec. 30, SE., No. 50. Operators — Curtis and Akin. Farm and well — Fitch, No. 17. Elevation — 475 feet. First water at Red rock at Sand at Bottom of sand Slate Limestone shells Sand (show of oil, 773 feet) Slate Sand (oil, 945 feet) Slate Sand Sand and limestone Red rock Slate Limestone Slate Sand (gas) Limestone Slate Red rock Sand (oil, 1,340 feet) Slate Thickness Depth Feet Feet 120 217 612 78 690 34 724 4 728 124 852 53 905 90 995 65 1,060 45 1,105 20 1,125 1,159 to 1,166 4 1,170 20 1,190 34 1,224 4 1,228 16 1,244 41 1,285 15 1,300 40 1,340 28 1,368 120 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet 20 1,388 10 1,398 1,424 Sand Slate '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. '..". '.'.'.'.'..'".'. Sand (little oil, best showing, 1,411 feet). ... ..'.'....'.'.'...'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 26 Total depth 777777 1,424 Bport. sec. 32, NW., No. 23. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Perkins, No. 28. Elevation— 511 feet. Clay Slate '.".'. Sand Slate Shell Slate ..'.'..'.'.'.'.'. Slate and shells Slate ...'.'.'.'.'.'.'. Limestone Slate '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. Limestone Slate .....! Limestone shells Slate Limestone shells Slate i . . Sand Slate v .' Limestone Slate Slate and shells Sand and limestone (oil, 890 feet) Sand Slate Limestone Sand Shells Sand Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Slate Shells Limestone Slate Limestone (little gas, 1,290 feet) Slate Gas sand (gas, 1,322 feet) Slate Red rock Slate Oil sand (oil, 1,370 to 1,384 feet) Slate Sand Slate Oil sand (oil, 1,468 to 1,482 feet) Slate Limestone Total depth Bport. sec. 32, NW., No. 19. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well— Perkins, No. 22. Elevation — 488 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet 20 20 80 100 60 160 109 269 6 275 75 350 50 400 100 500 8 508 72 580 4 584 132 716 4 720 45 765 6 771 23 794 26 820 17 837 10 847 8 855 30 885 5 890 25 915 60 975 17 992 21 1,013 11 1,024 66 1,090 1,096 29 1,125 1,140 16 1,156 1,163 14 1,177 1,210 6 1,216 1,236 24 1,260 1,264 19 1,283 1,315 6 1,321 1,330 15 1,345 1,351 15 1,364 1,386 12 1,400 1,412 50 1,462 1,490 7 1,497 8 1,505 1,505 BLATCHLEY] LAWKENCE COUNTY CEOSS-SECTIONS. 121 Logs — Continued. Clay Slate Sand (water, 135 to 150 feet) Slate •• Sand Slate Limestone shells Slate, red Slate Sand Slate, dark Slate, light Slate, dark Sand shells Slate, dark Slate, light Limestone shells Slate Slate and shells, light Slate and shells, dark Sand Slate Sand Slate Sandy limestone Sand Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 23 23 52 75 75 150 25 175 70 245 4 249 6 255 5 260 125 385 10 395 30 425 40 465 20 485 5 490 670 23 693 705 25 730 55 785 43 828 850 20 870 30 900 45 945 985 28 1,013 1,013 Bport. sec. 32, SW., No. 5. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Perkins, No. 17. Elevation— 479 feet. Clay Slate Sand Slate Sand Limestone Slate Red rock Slate Sandy limestone Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Coal Limestone Slate Sandy shells Slate Sandy shells Sand Slate Sand Slate and shells Sand Slate and shells Limestone Sand Slate Sand Slate Sand and slate Slate Sand (oil, 925 to 935 feet) Slate Limestone, gritty Sand (oil, 1,045 feet; water, 1,050 feet) Slate Sand jckness Depth Feet Feet 20 20 60 80 70 150 15 165 89 254 6 260 5 265 5 270 175 445 10 455 20 475 5 480 10 490 3 493 3 496 7 503 87 590 5 595 95 690 10 700 10 710 32 742 6 748 37 785 15 800 45 845 5 850 7 857 18 875 15 890 14 904 6 910 10 920 42 962 13 975 45 1,020 85 1,105 3 1,108 28 1,136 122 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. Logs — Concluded. Slate Sand Slate Limestone Red slate Slate and shells Limestone. Slate and shells Red slate Sand (gas, 1,267 feet) Limestone Red slate Slate Sand (oil, 1,351 feet) Slate Sand and shells Slate and shells Sand (oil, 1,461 feet) ' Slate Sand (gas, 1,490 feet) Slate and shells Limestone and slate Sand (gas, 1,580 feet) Limestone, gritty Limestone and sand (show of oil, 1,695 feet) Sandy limestone Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 2 1,138 22 1,160 24 1,184 3 1,187 6 1,193 27 1,220 25 1,245 13 1,258 4 1,262 28 1,290 15 1,305 25 1,330 20 1,350 1,395 21 1,416 14 1,430 20 1,450 1,460 15 1,475 1,500 40 1,540 30 1,570 25 1,595 45 1,640 55 1,690 1,714 1,714 Bport. sec. 32, SW. t No. 13. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Perkins, No. 16. Elevation — 494 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Sand (water) 130 125 to Limestone shell, very hard 10 270 to Red rock 7 285 to Coal 6 430 to Coal *• 5 500 to Limestone shell 7 710 to Sand 5 720 to Sand (show of oil, 805 feet) 26 800 to Oil sand (water, 880 feet) 75 - 840 to Sand, hole full of water 96 1,060 to Slate and shells 9 1,156 to Limestone 15 Slate 3 £ Red slate 5 Slate 20 Limestone ° Slate J Limestone 11 Slate 14 Red slate Slate 2 Sand (gas, 1,285 feet) 20 Slate : \ Limestone ° Slate 33 , Red slate ° Slate Sand (oil', ' 1,378' and ' 1,398 feet) 54 Slate 3 " Sand (pay," '£,445" to" 1,450 feet) 17 Slate 19 Sand 14 Slate IJ Limestone 5 Total depth v Production, 100 bbls. 255 280 292 436 505 717 725 826 915 150 165 180 210 215 235 243 247 258 272 278 280 300 305 311 344 350 356 410 443 460 479 493 503 508 1.51 N BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. 123 Cross-section B-B. The B-B crsos-section, PL XIII, shows the structure of the northern end of the field. . It crosses the field diagonally between Pet. sec. 15, NE., No. 1, and Pet. sec. 30, SW., No. 1. The sands above the "Gas" sand were not correlated because of their irregularity. The lower sands show the major arch of this region to be about 250 feet high and three miles wide. The section is made up of the following records. LOGS. The records of the following wells are found in the tables of well data: List of Wells in Lawrence County Furnishing Data for Cross-Section B-B. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Petty.. 2 SE. SE. SE. NE. SW. SW. NE. NE. SW. 2 2 7 2 2 6 36 13 36 1 36 7 36 6 30 1 Pet. sec. 15? NE., No. 1. Presented in the stratigraphic discussion, page 80. Pet. sec. 2, SW.. No. 6. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Armitage, No. 2. Elevation — 445 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Soil, yellow 33 33 Slate, dark 162 195 Sand, light 15 210 Slate, dark 35 245 Limestone, light 8 253 Slate, white, soft 25 278 Limestone, white 15 293 Slate, white, soft 17 310 Sand, light (7 bailers of water per hour, 345 feet) 35 345 Slate and limestone shells, light, hard 11 356 Red rock 9 365 Slate, white 20 385 Sand, white 20 405 Slate, black, soft 75 480 Sand, light 15 495 Slate, light 25 520 Limestone, light 15 535 Slate and shells 30 565 Limestone, light, hard 12 577 Slate, black, soft 13 590 Limestone, white, medium 15 605 Slate, dark, soft 55 660 Sand, light 40 700 Slate, light, soft 100 800 Limestone, light, hard 7 807 Slate, dark, soft 12 819 124 OIL FIELDS OF CKAWFOED AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Red rock Limestone, white, hard Sand, white Slate, dark, soft Limestone, white, hard Sand, white , Slate, dark, soft Sand, white Sandy limestone, white Slate and shells Sand (hole full of water, 1,140 feet) Slate, black Limestone shells and sand Slate, dark, soft Limestone shells, light Slate and shells, light Sandy limestone Slate and shells Limestone, light, hard Slate and shells Limestone, light, hard Slate Limestone, light, hard Slate, white, soft Red rock Sand, light (show of oil, 1,505 feet) Slate and shells Sand (oil, 1,555 feet) Slate Limestone and sand (oil, 1,578 to 1,583 feet) Slate Total depth Thickness* Depth Feet Feet 10 829 15 844 25 869 40 909 15 924 12 936 15 951 13 964 30 994 146 1,140 30 1,170 5 1,175 20 1,195 45 1,240 1,243 42 1,285 1,300 15 1,315 1,320 115 1,435 1,440 18 1,458 1,480 15 1,495 1,505 6 1,511 1,535 30 1,565 1,577 20 1,597 13 1,610 1,610 Pet. sec. 2, SE., No. 10. Presented in the stratigraphic discussion, page 81. / Pet. sec. 1, NW., No. 3. Presented in the discussion of the A-A cross-section, page 117. Pet. sec. 36, SW., No. 10. Presented in the discussion of the A-A cross-section, page 117. Pet. sec. 36, NE., No. 10. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — Nutall, No. 5. Elevation— 435 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Gravel, yellow, soft 180 180 Slate, black, soft 80 260 Limestone, white, hard (water) 40 300 Sand, white, hard (12 bailers water, 305 feet) 5 305 Red rock 5 310 Slate, white, soft 60 370 Limestone, white, hard 85 455 Sand, white, soft (water) 45 500 Slate, white, soft 40 540 Slate, black, soft 25 565 Slate and limestone shells 70 635 Slate, black, soft 90 720 Sand, white, soft (water) 25 750 Slate, white 35 785 Sand (hole full of water, 1,000 feet) 215 1,000 Limestone, white, hard 95 1,095 Sand, white, hard , 65 1,160 124 oi Red rock. . . . Limestone, w Sand, white . Slate, dark, Limestone, w Sand, white Slate, dark, Sand, white Sandy limesl Slate and sh Sand (hole Slate, black. Ljmestone s Slate, dark, Limestone s Slate and s Sandy limes Slate and s Limestone, 1 Slate and si Limestone, 1 Slate Limestone, Slate, white Red rock . . Sand, light Slate and ! Sand (oil, Slate Limestone ; Slate Total 6 Present* Present* Present Operate Farm a Blevati Gravel, y> Slate, bla- Limestone Sand, wh Red rock Slate, wh Limestone Sand, wh Slate, wl Slate, bis Slate anc Slate, bl; Sand, wh Slate, wl Sand (he Limeston Sand, w BLATCHLET] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. 125 Logs — Concluded. Sand, slate, and shells, dark Slate, white, hard Sand, white, hard Limestone, white, hard Red rock Limestone, white, hard Slate, black, soft Oil sand, gray Slate, black Sand, white (4 bailers of water, 1,465 feet).... Slate Limestone, white, soft Limestone, yellow, hard (oil, 1,564 feet) Sandy limestone, white, soft Sand, green oil, hard (first showing, 1,612 feet) Slate, black, soft Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 50 1,210 50 1,260 35 1,295 15 1,310 5 1,315 100 1,415 19 1,435 9 1,444 11 1,455 10 1,465 25 1,490 60 1,550 15 1,565 4 1,569 1,622 15 1,637 1,637 Cross-section C-C. The C-C cross-section, PI. XIV, is chosen along a line crossing the crest of the large dome in section 30, Petty township. This cross-sec- tion presents the extreme structure of the Lawrence county field. It shows the arch to he about 400 feet high and three miles wide. Corre- lation lines of five sands are drawn over the dome and reveal some irregularities of interval, particularly between the Kirkwood and Tracey sands and the Buchanan and "Gas" sands. The section is made up of the following records: LOGS. The records of the following wells are in the tables of well data : List of Wells Affording Data for Cross-Section C-C. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. 36 NE. NW. NW. SW. sw. SE. SE. SE. SE. SE. SE. NW. NW. NW. SE. 7 31 5 31 4 Petty 30 13 30 12 30 18 30 15 30 64 30 63 30 52 30 53 29 30, 31 29 29 29 2 20 3 The remaining detailed logs of the section are presented as follows : Bport. sec. 36, SE., No. 8. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — Stoltz, No. 13. Elevation — 523 feet. 126 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Feet Slate and shells 65 Limestone 20 Slate 25 Limestone 10 Sand 15 Slate 105 Sand (water) 40 Sand 20 Slate 40 Coal 5 Limestone 35 Big limestone shell 40 Red rock 8 Slate 13 Limestone ( ?) (probably slate and shells) 139 Slate 20 Limestone ( ?) (probably slate and shells) 170 Sand ( salt water) 25 Black slate 55 Sand 40 Sand (water) 45 Slate 12 Coal 2 Slate 10 Limestone 5 Slate 3 Sand . . 8 Slate 45 Sand 15 Slate 20 Limestone 3 Slate 40 Limestone 2 Slate 25 Limestone 21 Salt sand 99 Slate 15 Sand (salt water) 60 Slate 27 Limestone 37 Slate 20 Sand 10 Slate 15 Limestone 20 Slate 10 Sand (water) 20 Slate 8 Limestone 5 Slate 17 Limestone 10 Slate 17 Red rock 13 Slate 5 Limestone 35 Slate 20 Sand ( 5 bailers of water per hour) 10 Limestone 25 Slate : 43 Limestone 2 Slate 4 Sand (oil, 1,689 feet) 21 Sand, broken 10 Slate 5 Sand, broken 12 Slate 6 Total depth Depth Feet 65 85 110 120 135 240 280 300 340 345 380 420 428 441 580 •600 770 795 850 890 935 947 949 959 '964 967 975 1,020 1,035 1,055 1,058 1,098 1,100 1,125 1,146 1,245 1,260 1,320 1,347 1,370 1,390 1,400 1,415 1,435 1,445 ,465 473 ,478 ,495 ,505 ,522 ,535 ,540 1,575 1,595 1,605 1,630 1,673 1,675 1,679 1,700 1,710 1,715 1,727 1,733 1,733 Bport. sec. 36, SE., No. 2. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well— E. Fyffe, No. 9. Elevation — 506 feet. 12 Sh Lii Sh Lii Sa Sh Sa Sa Sh Co Li: Bi R€ SI; Li SI; Li Ss Si si C( SI Li SI Si SI S; SI L SI L SI L S; SI S. S L S S; S L S s s L S L S P s I c BLATCHLEY] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. m Logs — Continued. Soil Slate Limestone shell Slate Sand (water, 240 to 300 feet) Slate Sand Slate Limestone, hard Red slate Sand, white, hard Limestone, white, hard Slate, dark, soft Sand, white, hard Slate Limestone, white, hard Slate Limestone Slate Sand (water, 905 feet) Slate Sand (water, 1,160 feet) .... Slate Sand (water, 1,325 feet) .... Slate Sand (water, 1,435 feet) .... Limestone Slate, dark Red rock, cave Slate, dark, soft Slate, dark, hard Sand, white, hard Slate, white* soft Shale Sand (water, 1,589 V2 feet).. Limestone Slate, black Slate, white Red slate Shell, hard Sand, white (oil, 1,651 feet). Slate, dark Total depth Initial production, 150 bbls. Thickness Depth Feet Feet 14 14 90 104 10 114 111 225 85 310 55 365 40 405 10 415 12 427 10 437 15 452 7 459 192 651 11 662 838 2 840 858 7 865 25 890 50 940 1,125 135 1,260 25 1,285 40 1,325 1,390 60 1,450 1,460 43 1,503 1,510 5 1,515 17 1,532 7 1,539 1,554 19 1,573 1,589 20 1,609 1,629 9 1,638 2 1,640 2 1,642 57 1,699 18% 1,717% 1,717% Bport. sec. 31, NW., No. 14. Operators — Central Refining Company. Farm and well — Perry King, No. 5. Elevation— 487 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Clay 70 70 Limestone 6 76 Slate 20 96 Limestone 14 110 Slate 35 145 Limestone 5 150 Sand 80 230 Limestone : 30 260 Sand 45 305 Slate 10 315 Sand 10 325 Red rock 6 331 Limestone 20 351 Slate 174 525 Sand 12 537 Slate 158 695 Sand 30 725 Slate 55 780 Limestone 5 785 Sand 80 865 Slate and shells 115 980 Sand (show of oil, 995 feet) 60 1,040 128 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Slate 12 1,052 Sand 83 1,135 Slate 10 1,145 Sand 145 1,290 Slate 15 1,305 Sand 35 1,340 Slate 10 1,350 Red rock 12 1,362 Limestone 53 1,415 Red rock 6 1,421 Sand 15 1,436 Limestone 29 1,465 Slate 14 1,479 Red rock 15 1,494 Sand (oil) 30 1,524 Total depth 1,524 Pet. sec. 80, SE., No. 26. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well— Willey, No. 11. Elevation — 507 feet. Thickness Feet Soil 6 Quicksand . . . 9 Slate 85 Sand 25 Limestone, hard \ , 7 Sand 18 Slate and limestone 85 Sand 5 Coal 3 Slate and limestone 12 Red rock 20 Limestone and slate 85 Sand . . . 30 Slate and' limestone 84 Coal 2 Slate and limestone 134 Sand 28 Slate and limestone 67 Salt sand 45 Slate and limestone 45 Sand (oil, 820 feet) 35 Limestone 10 Slate 15 Limestone 103 Slate 5 Sand, broken 26 Sand (show of oil, 1,000 feet) 16 Slate 10 Sand 25 Slate 10 Limestone 15 Sand 40 Limestone 10 Salt sand 57 Limestone 6 Slate 21 Sand 9 Slate 7 Red rock 10 Limestone 5 Slate 20 Limestone 15 Slate 2 Limestone 8 Slate 15 Sand (gas) 10 Limestone 18 Slate 36 Sand (oil, 1,358 feet) 8 Slate Total depth Depth Feet 6 15 100 125 132 150 235 240 243 255 275 360 390 474 476 610 638 705 750 795 830 840 855 958 963 989 1,005 1,015 1,040 1,050 1,065 1,105 1,115 1,172 1,178 1,199 1,208 1,215 1,225 1,230 1,250 1,265 1,267 1,275 1,290 1,300 1,318 1,354 1,362 1,362 1,362 blatchley] LAWEENCE COUNTY CEOSS-SECTIONS. 129 Logs — Continued. Pet. sec. 29, NW., No. 39. Operators — Silurian Oil Company. Farm and well — J. D. Bowers, No. 7. Elevation— 443 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Sand (oil, 920 feet) 75 910 to 985 Sand (salt water) 40 1,060 to 1,100 Slate 38 1,138 Red rock 4 1,142 Slate 32 1,174 Limestone 12 1,186 Slate 39 1,225 Limestone 15 1,240 Slate 25 1,265 Red rock 5 1,275 to 1,280 Slate 8 1,288 Sand 32 1,320 Slate 35 1,355 Limestone 15 1,370 Slate 50 1,420 Sand (gas, 1,427 feet) 15 1,425 to 1,440 Total depth 1,440 Gas well, 520 pounds rock pressure. Pet. sec. 29, NW., No. 8. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — Eshelman, No. 16. Elevation — 438 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Soil 25 25 Sand 47 72 Slate 53 125 Sand 20 145 Slate 10 155 Sand 10 165 Slate 5 170 Limestone 5 175 Slate 60 235 Limestone 10 245 Slate 15 260 Sand 40 300 Limestone 5 305 Slate 45 350 Sand 15 365 Slate 42 407 Coal 3 410 Slate , 90 500 Sand 20 520 Slate 55 575 Limestone, hard 5 580 Slate 5 585 Sand, broken 81 666 Slate, soft 24 690 Limestone 10 700 Slate 60 760 Limestone 15 775 Sandy limestone 27 802 Slate, black 58 860 Sand (oil) 10 870 Broken sand 52 922 Sand (some oil, 925 feet), white 58 980 Slate 7 987 Limestone 11 998 Slate 7 1,005 Limestone, hard 10 1,015 Slate 10 1,025 Limestone 10 1,035 —9 G 130 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Concluded. Slate Sand (salt water) Limestone Slate Sandy limestone Limestone Red rock Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Slate Sand (gas) Limestone, hard Slate Red rock Sand (oil pay, 1,298 to 1,330 feet) Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Total depth Thickness Depth Feet Feet 15 1,050 55 1,105 5 1,110 6 1,116 13 1,129 15 1,144 1,146 2 34 1,180 18 1,198 12 1,210 13 1,223 4 1,227 13 1,240 10 1,250 1,273 12 1,285 1,348 25 1,373 1,387 33 1,420 1,426 1,426 Pet. sec. 20, SE., No. 7. Operators — E. N. Gillespie. Farm and well — Smith, No. 24. Elevation — 435 feet. Sand (salt water) Slate and shells. . Sand Sand (water) Slate Sand, salt Slate and shells. . . Red rock Slate Limestone Slate Shells and slate. . Sand, broken Sand (oil) Slate Sand Limestone Slate Thickness Depth Feet Feet 25 725 251 976 5 981 94 1,075 95 1,170 86 1,256 41 1,297 13 1,310 10 1,320 30 1,350 35 1,385 52 1,437 27 1,465 10 1,475 8 1,483 56 1,539 5 1,544 17 1,561 Total depth 1,561 Initial production, 80 bbls. Cross-section D-D. The D-D cross-section, PL XV, is drawn across the southern end of the field. It shows the flattened nature of the LaSalle anticline in this re- gion and the small terrace on the western limb of the fold. The "Gas" sand is not noted in this portion of the field. The remaining producing sands are essentially flat but locally irregular. The section is made up of the following records: LOGS. The records of the following wells are in the tables of well data: blatchley] LAWRENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. Logs — Continued. List of Wells Affording Data for Cross-Section D-D. 131 Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. 29 NE. SW. sw. NW. NE. NE. NW. SW. SE. SE. SE. NW. NW. NE. NE. SW. 2 21... 2 21.. 3 21 6 21.. 9 21 10 22 12, 13 Lawrence 15 17 15 1 15 9 15 12 14 7 14 3 14 17 14 1 12 8 The remaining detailed logs of the section are presented below and elsewhere in this report: Bport. sec. 80, NE., No. 2. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — McOrr, No. 1. Elevation— 503 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Soil and slate 80 80 Sand, white (water, 80 feet) 35 125 Slate, white, soft 105 230 Sand 30 260 Slate 10 270 Limestone 4 274 Slate 156 430 Limestone 8 438 Slate, red, soft 7 445 Slate, white, soft 15 460 Sand 15 475 Slate 125 600 Coal 4 604 Slate 71 675 Sand, white, hard 5 680 Slate 90 770 Limestone 15 785 Slate, white, soft 83 868 Sand, white, soft (hole full of water, 916 feet) 48 916 Slate, dark, soft 25 941 Limestone, white, hard 9 950 Slate 20 970 Limestone , 8 978 Slate 19 997 Sand 3 1,000 Slate 40 1,040 Sand, white, soft (water, 1,045 feet) 15 1 055 Slate 20 1,075 Limestone, white, very hard 3 1,078 Slate, dark, soft 42 1120 Sand, white, soft (hole full of water, 1,170 feet) ....'.'. 210 L330 Slate, dark 53 1,383 Sand, light, hard 9 1 392 Slate, dark, soft 23 l'415 Sand, white (water, 1.420 feet) 35 i',450 Slate, dark, soft 70 1 520 Sand (hole full of water, 1,522 feet) 25 l'545 Slate 49 i' 5 9 4 ?and . . . 59 1,653 Limestone, white, hard 15 1668 132 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Continued. Slate, dark, loose Sand, dark, soft (8 bailers of water, 1,708 feet) , Slate Limestone, white, hard Red rock ; Slate, light Limestone Slate, dark, very soft , Limestone Slate, dark, very soft Sand, light, hard Slate Limestone , Slate Sand (4 bailers of water, 1,880 feet) , Slate Sand (pay, 1,962 to 1,972 feet) Total depth 1,972 Thickness Depth Feet Feet 19 1,687 21 1,708 5 1,713 2 1,715 10 1,725 13 1,738 2 1,740 14 1.754 10 1,764 26 1,790 10 1,800 8 1,808 20 1,828 37 1,865 1,936 22 1,958 14 1,972 Bport. sec. 29, NW., No. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well— H. K. Seed, No. 2. Elevation — 490 feet. Soil Sand, slate and shells Sand, white, soft Slate and shells Slate, white Slate, dark Sand, white (salt water, 851 feet) Slate, sand, and shells (salt water, 1,165 feet) Sand, white Slate, dark Sand Limestone, white Slate, dark Sand, white Slate Sand, white (salt water, 1,650 feet) Red slate Limestone shells Sand Slate and shells Red rock Slate Sand, white Slate Sand, white (salt water, 1,860 feet) Slate Shells, hard Sand, brown _ Total depth 1,900 Initial production, 125 bbls. Bport. sec. 29, NW., No. 1. Operators — Snowden Bros. Farm and well — H. K. Seed, No. 1. Elevation — 476 feet. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Red rock 5 415 Sand, dry 14 610 Slate 150 760 Sand 15 775 Thickness Depth Feet Feet 18 18 332 350 50 400 300 700 50 750 81 831 129 960 205 1,165 105 1,270 25 1,295 25 1,320 25 1,345 80 1,425 187 1,612 8 1,620 30 1,650 25 1,675 55 1,730 20 1,750 35 1,785 6 1,791 11 1,802 26 1,828 17 1,845 20 1,865 14 1,879 2 1.881 17 1,898 L33 830 870 880 920 930 950 045 275 300 450 490 510 530 537 700 705 800 815 830 858 860 862 874 885 885 : et 90 .07 .45 .55 .65 !65 178 ;50 20 10 00 05 20 80 65 80 90 00 16 22 30 85 29 59 90 00 05 21 44 132 Slate, dai Sand, dar Slate .... Limestone Red rock Slate, lig] Limestone Slate, dar Limestone Slate, dar Sand, ligh Slate Limestone Slate Sand (4 b Slate Sand (pay Total Operato Farm a Elevatn Soil Sand, slate Sand, whit Slate and i Slate, whit Slate, darl Sand, whit Slate, sand Sand, whit Slate, dart Sand Limestone, Slate, dart Sand, whit Slate Sand, whit< Red slate . Limestone Sand Slate and Red rock. . Slate Sand, whit< Slate Sand, white Slate Shells, har Sand, brew Total ( Initial pr< Operator Farm an Elevatioi Red rock . . Sand, dry. Slate Sand BLATCHLEY] LAWKENCE COUNTY CROSS-SECTIONS. 133 Logs — Continued. Thickness Depth Slate Sand (salt water, 840 and 880 feet) Slate Sand (water) Slate Sand (water) Slate Sand (water) Limestone Slate Sand (water, 1,460 feet) Slate Limestone Sand Slate Red rock Slate Red rock Sand (water, 1,830 feet) Slate Limestone Slate Oil sand Slate Total depth Initial production, 40 bbls. Feet Feet 55 830 40 870 5 875 to 880 40 920 10 930 20 950 95 1,045 230 1,275 25 1,300 150 1,450 40 1,490 20 1,510 20 1,530 5 1,532 to 1,537 163 1,700 5 1,705 95 1,800 15 1,815 15 1,830 28 1,858 2 1,860 2 1,862 12 1,874 11 1,885 1,885 Law sec. 11, SE., No. 6. Presented in the stratigraphic discussion, page 67. Law. sec. 12, SW., No. 7. Presented in the stratigraphic discussion, page 68. Law. sec. 12, SW., No. 4. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — Henry, No. 1. Elevation— 440 feet. Soil, etc Sand (fresh water) Slate Limestone Slate Limestone shells Red rock Limestone, slate, and shells Slate, pencil cave Limestone and slate Sand (hole full of salt water, 700 feet) . Slate and shells Sand (salt water, 910 feet) Slate Sand (salt water, 1,000 and 1.030 feet) Slate, black Slate and shells Limestone Sand (water, 1,300 feet) Slate Sand Limestone Slate and shells Limestone Slate Red rock, cave Slate Lime Slate Thickness Depth Feet Feet 90 17 107 38 145 10 155 10 165 100 265 13 278 72 350 70 420 190 610 90 700 205 905 15 920 60 980 85 1,065 115 1,180 110 1,290 10 1,300 16 1,316 6 1,322 8 1,330 55 1,385 44 1,429 30 1,459 31 1,490 10 1,500 5 1,505 16 1,521 23 1,544 134 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Logs — Concluded. Thickness Depth Feet Feet Red rock 5 1,549 Sand (oil, 1,556 and 1,568 feet) 31 1,580 Slate 10 1,590 Sand (show of oil) 5 1,595 Slate 5 1,600 Sand (oil pay) 10 1,610 Limestone shell 90 1,700 Red rock, cave 10 1,710 Limestone 77 1,787 Sand 4 1,791 Limestone 91 1,882 McClosky sand 6 1,888 Total depth 1,889 Law. sec. 12, SE., No. 2. Operators — Bridgeport Oil Company. Farm and well — Tracey Heirs, No. 1. Elevation — 455 feet. Sand (water at 12 feet.) Sand and gravel , Slate Sand , Limestone Sand Limestone , Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Sand Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Limestone Slate Sand (water ) Slate Limestone Slate Sand Slate Limestone Slate Sand Slate Sand (water) Slate Sand Slate Limestone Slate Sand (show of oil, 1,285 feet) Slate Sand Slate Limestone Slate Red rock Limestone Sand Slate Sand (water, 1,570 feet) Slate Sand (show of oil, 1,595 feet. Water, 1,600 feet) Slate Limestone Sand Limestone Well plugged and abandoned. Thickness Depth Feet Feet 85 85 15 100 10 110 10 120 30 150 5 155 85 230 12 242 48 290 10 300 15 315 25 340 12 352 48 400 10 410 50 460 15 475 103 578 5 583 17 600 30 630 50 680 30 710 13 723 12 735 80 915 5 920 27 947 63 1,010 31 1,041 29 1,070 15 1,085 40 1,125 68 1,193 15 1,208 57 1,265 47 1,312 48 1,360 1,405 45 1,425 1,450 25 1,480 10 1,490 1,500 10 1,510 1,565 20 1,585 1,590 1,615 25 1,727 45 1,772 1,786 297 2,083 BLATCHLET] RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE TO OIL AND GAS. 135 RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE TO OIL AND GAS. Oil. The oil sands of Lawrence county have proven the richest in Illinois. They show remarkable stability in their yield and have promise of long life. The shallower sands have declined rapidly, but the Kirkwood, Tracey and McClosky sands are still prolific. Of the 2,810 wells mapped in this county, but 156, or 5% per cent were dry. There are 890 wells mapped in Petty township, 860 in Bridgeport, 349 in Lawrence, and 711 in Dennison. The range of initial production is between one and 2,400 barrels per day. The Kirkwood sand has shown the best general production while the McClosky sand yielded the greatest number of gushers. The Bridgeport sand is the second best general producing sand. It has declined rapidly, however, and is giving way to the development of steadier sands beneath. There are 1,835 of the 2,654 producing wells, or about 70 per cent, that furnish information of the initial yield. This is sufficient to indicate the nature of distribution of oil in this field with respect to structural conditions. The following table shows the number of wells that furnished data of initial produc- tions for each sand. They are listed by townships, sands, and extent of yield. The gas and dry wells are also given: Table Showing Initial . Productions County of Various Sands in the Field. Lawrence Lawrence county. Number of wells classified according to their initial production. Township. Producing sand. 0-10 bbls. 10-50 bbls. 50-100 bbls. 100-200 bbls. 200-500 bbls. Over 500 bbls. Gas. Dry. Petty Bridgeport 4 27 19 21 15 1 "Gas" 13 71 20 52 48 4 7 60 1 5 1 7 6 87 15 35 100 8 2 74 1 13 1 11 3 63 7 23 47 30 3 47 1 3 4 51 3 8 22 5 ...... " Y 8 Kirkwood 4 2 8 6 10 1 4 3 38 1 19 4 6" 3 8 4 Tracey McClosky 44 Bridgeport. . . Bridgeport Kirkwood 4 Tracey McClosky 6 4 22 Lawrence Bridgeport Buchanan 22 1 "Gas" Kirkwood 3 44 8 2 4 50 1 27 1 4 21 6 Tracey McClosky . . . 1 4 5 4 25 Shallow Bridgeport 5 1 51 3 54 22 9 10 9 Buchanan "Gas" \ Kirkwood 12 3 65 5 4 4 126 12 20 240 34 63 76 4 5 38 2 7 11 1 6 16 1 1 Tracey McCloskv 65 Total for field. Shallow Bridgeport 15 1 171 22 8 264 21 57 126 103 6 169 10 37 27 70 1 46 2 21 3 9 8* 30" 10 6" 9 24 13 "Gas" Kirkwood 3 5 9 Tracer McCloskv 156 136 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 PETTY TOWNSHIP. The oil in sections 25, 26, 35 and 36, at the extreme northern end of the county, comes from the McClosky and Tracey sands. The initial yield per well does not exceed 200 barrels. The oil in both sands is found under a small dome on the top of the fold, which is separated from the elongated dome farther south by a narrow barren depression across the field. The McClosky sand is highly productive along a nar- row strip north and south through the center of the field, especially in sections 18 and 30. The largest initial productions of Lawrence county were found in this sand in section 18. The oil is crowded into a small dome, similar in height, extent, and altitude to the arch in the extreme northern end of the field. The same sand is productive at a like alti- tude on the western flank of the dome-like structure in section 30. The productive strip is very narrow through this section but becomes broader in sections 31 and 6, Bridgeport township. The Kirkwood sand shows the greatest number of producing wells in the remaining sections of the field, especially along the eastern dip of the anticline in sections 20 and 29. The wells in this region reported ex- cellent initial productions. The Kirkwood sand is also highly produc- tive in section 30, between 30 and 80 feet lower than the crest on the west side of the dome. The "Gas" sand primarily produces gas but is productive of oil in the following wells : List of Wells Producing Oil From the 'Gas' Sand; Lawrence County. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Number of well. Initial production in bbls. Petty 1 NE. NW. sw. sw. sw. NE. sw. 3E. SE. SE. SW. SW. NW. NE. SE. NW. NE. NE. NE. NE. NW. NW. NE. NE. NE. SE. NE. NE. SW. 9 9 1 4 17 2 9 6 7 • 2 5 6 1 2 7 9 19 22 23 9 26 27 55 56 59 4 5 18 6 20 7 40 7 . 45 7 35 7 15 12... . 65 12 .. 75 12 135 12 110 13 75 17 35 17 25 20 25 24 40 24 20 5 170 6 70 6 30 6 45 8 60 8 50 8 30 - 31 100 31 100 31 250 31 50 32 105 32 20 32 25 The Buchanan sand appears unproductive in Petty township. It is not correlated in this region because of possible confusion with the Bridgeport lenses. In fact, it may be possible that some of the lower blatchlet] RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE AND OIL. 137 productive lenses of the Bridgeport sand are mistaken for the Buchanan. The Bridgeport sand is especially productive in sections 18, 19, 20, 29 and 30. The initial yields are between 30 and 300 barrels. BRIDGEPORT TOWNSHIP. The Bridgeport, Buchanan, and Kirkwood sands are the most pro- ductive in Bridgeport township. The Bridgeport and Kirkwood sands have the largest number of average size wells, while the Buchanan sand has the larger number of gushers. The Bridgeport sand is especially productive in sections 32, 5 and 8, which lie structurally along the southern slope of the double plunging anticline. The average yield in these sections is between 50 and 150 barrels. The Buchanan sand has its type area in section 17. The wells are very rich in their initial yield, varying between 100 and over 500 barrels. There are a number of gushers recorded from this locality. The oil is crowded into a small dome on the crest of the anticline; the structure is discussed on page 107. The Kirkwood sand yields the best wells in sections 6, 31 and 32, which lie along the western flank of the arch and the south-western slope of the largest dome. The McClosky sand is productive in sections 6 and 31. This is an extension of the narrow productive area through Petty township. Sev- eral gushers are reported from section 31. LAWRENCE TOWNSHIP. The Kirkwood and Buchanan sands are the most productive in Lawrence township. This locality is the type area for the Kirkwood and a portion of the Buchanan sands. The Buchanan sand is especially productive in sections 15 and 16. The average yield is 100 to 200 barrels. Several large wells are reported from this area. The oil is crowded into a dome similar in height and altitude to the one in section 17, Bridgeport township. The type locality for the Kirkwood sand lies in sections 13 and 14 and extends southward into Dennison township. The wells are not highly productive. The oil lies in an extensive flat in the sand which spreads southward through the remainder of the field. The McClosky sand shows a number of excellent wells in section 14. DENNISON TOWNSHIP. The Bridgeport, Kirkwood and McClosky are the prominent pro- ducing sands of Dennison township. The Kirkwood sand, as in Bridgeport and Petty townships, is the most widely productive. The Bridgeport sand closely follows the Kirkwood sand in yield but is spotted in its distribution. The McClosky formation has furnished the best producing wells. The Bridgeport sand is especially productive in sections 2, 26, 34 and 35. This area lies along the southwestern edge of the field. The wells average 50 to 150 barrels initial yield. 138 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 The Buchanan sand is notably productive only in section 21, which is an extension of the small dome lying in sections 15 and 16, Lawrence township. The wells "are exceptionally large in their initial yield. The Kirkwood sand shows many wells in sections 22, 23, 25, 26, 35 and 36. The initial yield averages 100 barrels. The oil lies over a broad flat in the sand that covers most of Dennison township. The Tracey sand shows a light production in sections 25 and 26. The McClosky sand has its type area and best production in section 25. There are many gushers from the McClosky sand in this section, the highest reporting 1,860 barrels for the first day. The productive areas of this sand lie at an altitude of about 160 feet above the datum plane. Gas. There are about 70 gas wells in Lawrence county. Gas is reported incidentally in over half of the records and is widely distributed in all the sands. The Kirkwood, Tracey and McClosky sands have yielded the most gas, particularly in Petty township where the field is governed by an elongated dome. The following table shows the locations and all available production data of the gas wells in Lawrence county: Locations of Gas Wells in Lawrence County, and Sources of Gas. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Name of sand. Yield in cu. ft. per day. Remarks. 1 NW. sw. NE. NE. NE. NE. NW. SE. SE. NW. SW. NE. NE. NW. NW. NW. SE. SE. NE. NW. NW. SE. SE. SW. NW. NE. SW. SW. NW. SE. NE. SW. SW. SW. SE. SE. SE. NW. NW. 6 3 2 4 6 7 1 2 5 10 9 4 5 1 2 7 1 9 4 2 6 6 29 29 3 7 4 5 39 1 24 6 9 13 31 59 69 9 12 Tracey 1 2 2 ' Kirkwood 4,000,000 Second lens 2 McClosky 2,500,000 2 2 do 2 ..do 7,000,000 600 pounds pressure 2 ..do Tracey Second lens 7 7 ..do 12... 12 Tracey 12 do 12 do 12.... do 12 . ..do 12 . do 13 . 19 . 3,000,000 7, 500, 000 19 . do 650 pounds pressure 400 pounds pressure 19 do 19.... "Gas" 20.. . Bridgeport. . . 24.. . Second lens 25.. . T. 5N., R. 13 W... 2>.. . do do 25 ..do ..do 29.. . ..do 520 pounds pressure 29 "Gas".... 30 30 30 30 30 do 30 McClosky do 6, 000, 000 2,000,000 30 36 ..do Kirkwood T. 5N., R. 13 W... 36 ..do BLATCHLET] .RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE AND GAS. 139 Locations of Gas Wells in Lawrence County — Concluded. Township. Section. Quarter- section. Well number. Name of sand. Yield in cu. ft. per day. Remarks. Bridgeport 8 NW. NE. NE. NE. NE. SE. SE. SE. sw. SW. SW. SW. SW. SE. SE. NE. NE. NE. NE. NW. NW. SE. 29 7 23 48 50 6 11 14 6 10 24 2 6 3 4 2 5 6 4 7 8 1 Buchanan McClosky ..do 1,000,000 1,000,000 31 31 31 '.. ..do 31 ..do 31 "Gas" 31 McClosky 31 "Gas" 32 ..do 1,000,000 32 McClosky 32 . Kirkwood 1 Tracey 4, 500, 000 3,000,000 1 Kirkwood Bridgeport Second lens 27 27 ..do 34 do 34 ..do 34 ..do 35 .. ..do 2,000,000 35 .do 35 do 35 Shallow 2,500,000 PETTY TOWNSHIP. The greatest number of gas wells of the Lawrence county field lie in Petty township. They are scattered along the flanks of the anticline. The "Gas" sand yields gas in small quantities over Petty township and abundantly in section 30. The gas does not occur at the apex of the large dome centering in this section but lies about 60 feet below on its western flank. The Kirkwood sand is especially productive of gas in sections 1 and 2 in the northern end of the field. The gas seems to be arrested along the steep western flank of the anticline. The Tracey sand shows the greatest productions of gas in this township, and, in- deed, over the entire area. The best yield is in the northern portion of the township and through the middle of the broad fold. Several wells also yield gas about 120 feet below the apex of the dome in sec- tion 30. The McClosky sand shows an excellent yield of gas on the crest of the same dome. Bridgeport Township. The "Gas" and McClosky sands yield the best pressures of gas in the northern end of the township. The McClosky sand shows several good wells in section 31, about 70 feet lower than the crest of the dome. The two smaller domes in sections 31 and 32 contain gas. The "Gas" sand yields abundant gas in sections 6 and 31, but it lies between 100 and 140 feet below the crest of the dome. The Buchanan sand usually possesses little or no gas, but it reports it in several wells in sections 7 and 8. The type locality of this sand, section 17, does not report any gas. The Kirkwood sand shows a scattered record of gas in its many wells, but particularly in section 17. 140 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Lawrence Township. The Kirkwood sand shows gas in most of the wells in Lawrence township. The Bridgeport and Buchanan sands show no gas while the McClosky gives data from about six wells. There are no commercial gas wells in the township. Dennison Township. The Bridgeport sand shows a number of gas wells in sections 1, 2, 34 and 35. Most all the wells penetrating the Bridgeport lenses record gas in them. The Kirkwood sand gives numerous records of gas over the township but particularly in sections 22, 23 and 36. The McClosky sand shows abundant gas in sections 25 and 36. The gas would be marketable from this sand but for the enormous yield of oil. RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE TO SALT WATER. The sands of Lawrence county show abundant water along the flanks of the anticline and but little through the center of the field except in the lower Bridgeport and Buchanan sands. The Pottsville rocks appear well saturated with water over the entire field and into the limbs of the LaSalle fold. The Chester sands are not uniformly saturated with water but seem to have limit lines of saturation along the limbs of the fold, more particularly along the western side. The McClosky sand similarly shows abundant water on the western slope of the fold and in parts of Petty township. Petty Township. There is but little water shown in the record of wells in the pro- ducing sands of Petty township. The Bridgeport and Buchanan sands are closely associated and show abundant water in sections 1, 2, 19, 20, 29, 30 and 36. The Kirkwood sand shows some saturation beneath the oil in sections 12 and 36. The McClosky sand shows some water con- tent in sections 12, 13, 15, 24 and 25. Bridgeport Township. All the sands in sections 1, 18 and 36, Bridgeport township dip low on the western limb of the anticline and show much water. The upper Bridgeport lenses, like those of the Robinson sand of Crawford county, are generally barren of water within the oil pool in this region. The lower lenses are widely saturated in sections 6, 7, 8, 31 and 32. The Buchanan sand is completely saturated with water in sections 6 and 31, but water underlies the oil zone in its type locality, section 17. The Kirkwood and McClosky sands are usually free from water in this region, except along their outer edges. Lawrence Township. The Bridgeport sands contain abundant water in Lawrence township. The Buchanan sand is water-bearing in sections 2, 11, 12 and 14, but blatchley] RELATIONS OF STRUCTURE AND SALT WATER. 141 contains less water and is oil-bearing in section 16. No water is reported for this sand in section 15. The bottom of the Kirkwood sand contains water in sections 1 and 13. The Tracey sand, in several cases, shows abundant water in section 10. The McClosky sand is reported water- bearing only in section 1. Dennison Township. The lower Bridgeport lenses and Buchanan sand contain water over most of Dennison township. The upper lenses are productive at the southern end of the field and show some water beneath the oil in section 2. The Kirkwood sand shows water beneath the oil in sections 1, 5, 6, 7, 24 and 30. The McClosky sand is wet in sections 19, 24, and in the northern part of 25. 142 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 CHAPTER V. General Summary of Geological Conditions in Crawford and Lawrence Counties. GENEEAL STATEMENT. The features of the structure maps of the different sands, and their individual oil, gas, and salt water relations just described, are suffi- ciently similar to permit general conclusions as to the accumulation of oil and gas in Crawford and Lawrence counties. These conclusions add to the general fund of evidence confirming the accumulation of oil and gas in folded rocks. GENEEAL STEUCTUEE OF EEGlON OF THE LA SALLE ANTICLINE. The greater portion of Illinois lies within the Eastern Interior Coal Basin, which is, broadly speaking, an extensive spoon-shaped basin, with its long axis extending along a line through Cerro Gordo, Lovington and Olney and with its deepest part in Wayne, Hamilton and Edwards counties. The east side of the basin rises into a strong longitudinal fold known as the LaSalle anticline, which extends from the vicinity east of LaSalle in a southeastern direction to Sadorous in Champaign county. From thence it passes near Tuscola and enters the oil territory of Clark county near Westfield. It continues in a direct line through the oil fields in Clark, Crawford and Lawrence counties until the vicinity of St. Francisville in the latter county is reached. The identity of the fold is lost beyond Lawrence county but it is thought to cross the Wabash into Indiana, and possibly merges into the eastern flank of the Illinois basin. The writer has compiled several structure sections 1 which illustrate these facts. The formations ascend from the axis of the basin into the Crawford and Lawrence county oil fields at the rate of about 50 feet per mile. The ascent becomes more rapid in Lawrence county because of the presence here of the very sharp apex of the anticlinal dome. The sands of the Illinois basin have been thoroughly tested im- mediately west of the oil fields and found full of salt water. The lower i 111. State Geol. Sur vey, Bull. No. 16, 1910, pis. 7 and 11. blatchley] GEOLOGICAL SUMMARY. 143 flanks of the fold are known to yield abundant salt water in all the sands which are productive in the main fields. The conditions for the accumulation of oil and gas in the fields are ideal because of the presence of the following governing factors: 1. There is an extensive anticline with a marked basin on at least one side. 2. The depressions on both sides of the fold, showing abundant water,' comprise extensive "feeding areas" for the arch. 3. The sands are commonly porous and hence form suitable reser- voirs for the storage of oil. 4. There are abundant shales and limestones overlying the sand- stones which originally furnished the oil and now probably serve as impervious covers to the reservoirs. 5. The sands in both limbs of the anticline are abundantly saturated with salt water which is probably instrumental in holding the oil and gas captive in its present position. This consideration is highly im- portant because of the relations of water and oil and the resultant con- centration of oil in folded structure. 6. The portion of the arch containing oil is six to seven miles in its extreme breadth and one or two miles wide in the narrowest places. The large amplitude and breadth of the arch offered an enormous reservoir capacity. DETAILED FEATURES OF THE FIELDS. The detailed discussion of the structure in the Crawford and Lawrence county field proves conclusively the presence of a major fold governing the accumulation of oil and gas in this region. The crest of the fold, however, is shown to be very irregular. It is interrupted by numerous minor domes and transverse depressions, which perhaps have been in- strumental in segregating the pools. The succession of irregularities culminates in a very extensive uplift of the axis of the anticline north of Bridgeport, Lawrence county, which has the appearance of an elongated dome. Other portions of the anticline show a flattened crest or minor domes. With one exception the best collection of oil was found over the extensive flat areas along the crest of the parent fold. The large dome in the Lawrence county field shows an exceptional accumulation of oil around its flanks but not at the crest. The domes over the entire area investigated are logical gas reservoirs. The gas, however, does not lay at the apexes of the domes but a short distance below. The best gas and oil wells on the dome in Petty township, Lawrence county, are from 50 to 100 feet lower than the apex. The smaller domes in Lawrence county show good accumulations of oil. The uppermost part of the flanks of the major fold contain abundant oil. The oil decreases in quantity toward the outer boundaries of the field. The western limit is abrupt and the wells along this boundary produce abundant water. Enough data are at hand to conclude that this is a line of water saturation and that above this line and over the fold most of the sands are wholly oil-bearing. The Pottsville rocks are exceptional in that they contain water in the lower portions and in 144 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 some cases are wholly saturated over the fold. These rocks are widely distributed over Illinois and are conspicuous for their yield of salt water. The sands lower than the Pottsville and the upper Bridgeport and Eobinson lenses do not show much saturation over the crest of the anticline. There are one or two spots in the field that show isolated patches of water-bearing sand, particularly in the Kirkwood and Mc- Closky sands. Some of the non-producing wells in the producing areas owe their condition to impervious sands or thinning out of producing sands. Lack of porosity will perhaps explain the position of dry wells often occurring at or near the very minor domes or small pits that occasion- ally exist along the crest of the fold. Prospective Pools. It is probable that the high spots along the crest of the major fold, especially the one in section 30, Petty township, Lawrence county, represents cross folding or buckling. This condition would suggest that the territory east of the fold would be similarly affected, particu- larly in the lower producing formations. New pools are then possible to the east of the fold in positions and directions perpendicular to the trend of the field and parallel to the raised portions of the anticline. The presence of oil in Honey Creek and Montgomery townships of Crawford county seem to bear out this relation. The chief raised por- tions of the fold occur in section 1, the northwest corner of section 18, and section 30 of Petty township; sections 10 and 14, Lawrence town- ship and sections 23, 26 and 35 Dennison township, all of Lawrence county. The western side of the Crawford and Lawrence county oil fields, with one exception, is sharply defined and is bounded by a line of water saturation. In addition to this, the dip of the strata into the Illinois basin is so pronounced that the only possibility for new pools lies along unknown terraces, similar to the one occurring in section 29/ Bridgeport township. The extension of the south end of the field is problematical and al- most impossible to forecast with the present development, owing to the lack of data and the uncertain character of the anticline. It is also likely that the gap between the Lawrence and Crawford county fields will remain barren as it seems to represent a large transverse basin on the fold. Possibilities for the production of oil in sands in Crawford county, corresponding to the deep producing formations of Lawrence county, are slight because of the established fact that these formations grad- ually pinch out to the north of Lawrence county. blatchley] ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE ILLINOIS FIELDS. 145 CHAPTER VI. Economic Features of the Illinois Fields. INTRODUCTION. The discovery of profitable quantities of oil in Clark count}' in 1904 and 1905 led to a remarkably rapid development of the oil fields in the State. The development is all the more surprising when it is noted that in the short period of six years a production of such proportions reached its zenith. Other great fields of America required as high as 30 years to attain such a position. Besides, the Illinois production comes from the smallest areal extent of oil producing territory of the first seven ranking states : Square miles of Rank. State. petroleum lands. 1 California 850 2 Oklahoma 400 3 Illinois 250 4 West Virginia 570 5 Ohio 650 6 Texas 400 7 Pennsylvania 2,000 Illinois gained ninth place for production and value of oil in 1906 and third place for both in 1907. Since 1907 the State has held third place for production and second for value and has been exceeded only by California and Oklahoma. Up to January 1, 1912, about 19,982 wells had been drilled for oil and gas in the State, of which 15.7 per cent were barren. The remaining 84.3 per cent have produced since 1905 about 157,905,084 barrels of oil, valued at about $101,666,473. The extent of the fields, the grade of the oil, and the efficiency of pro- duction, place them among the greatest of the world from an economic point of view. The successful growth of the Illinois fields may be attributed par- ticularly to the quiet efficiency of experienced and capable oil men. The Appalachian fields supplied the greatest influx of operators, and these, through many years of training, determined the trend of development. They soon established the limits of the field and thus prevented useless explorations. —10 G 146 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 After oil has been found in commercial quantities in the shallow Casey pool, the operators began to drill in all directions. They were, however, soon limited east and west of Casey by boundaries which were defined by barren wells that either failed to show oil or yielded large quantities of salt water. This caused a shifting of the development inward and along a north and south direction. The discovery of oil in deeper sands in Crawford county led to the same tactics of development, and eventually the long narrow strip of oil country in Clark county ap- proached the broader pool of Crawford county. Similarly, the move- ment continued from the deeper productive fields of Lawrence county. The Illinois fields are somewhat different from others because of local conditions and the necessity of properly and economically caring for enormous quantities of oil. The business is divided into many branches, each of which, from the first step of leasing to that of an established production, requires careful and systematic attention. The Ohio Oil Company (Standard) controls most of the production and under its management, there have sprung up various departments neces- sary to cope with the rapidly increasing yield of oil. This has been done remarkably well and as has been truthfully said, "there never has been an oil field so well taken care of in so short a time as that of Illinois." The following general discussion of the several phases of the oil business is made with a view of enlightening those readers who are not familiar with the business. It is not intended to be an authoritative explanation of the methods used in developing an oil field or of the details of drilling a well. DEVELOPMENT OF OIL PEOPERTIES. FORENOTE. The first step necessary to the development of any oil field is a busi- ness-like lease of the land, conveying distinct rights to both the land- owner and the lessee. The successive steps of choosing well sites, drilling, shooting wells, and equipping oil properties involve activities separate from each other, yet so connected that each is a necessary part of the whole. In fact, the largest oil companies in Illinois have separate branches for leasing, drilling, buying, pipe-line discharging, telegraph- ing, and engineering. The first step of the oil operator after learning of an "oil strike," is to lease as near as possible to the producing wells. If he has sufficient knowledge of the geological structure of the area, he follows the trend of the anticline or terrace, as the case may be. If he feels that his properties are within the limits of possible producing territory, he makes his locations and starts his drilling. It is regrettable that many inexperienced operators are attracted by the rush to newly proven areas and by lack of knowledge of both the nature of the business and underground conditions, are led to failure. It is often the case that such novices open up a field. Any observer of the oil business will soon note, however, that the larger companies and operators do but little "wildcatting," preferring to profit by the ex- ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Bull. No. 22, Plate XVI. The standard derrick. blatchley] LEASING OF OIL PROPERTIES. 147 perience of the novice. It is true also, that field limits of many proven areas are established only by these indiscriminate test holes. Leasing. In contrast with the oil territories of the mountainous Appalachian regions and of the far west, Illinois is a drift-covered plain. All of it is either in cultivation or devoted to pasture. The land divisions are simple and uniform and are based on the civil township of thirty-six sections. Each section usually is sub-divided into tracts of the mul- tiple of twenty acres. The leasing of properties then starts upon a simple basis. There are no set rules concerning leasing as this is necessarily de- pendent upon local conditions. The oil men deal entirely with in- dividual land-owners, and leases are private bargains. While some of the territory is developed by land-owners, it is more often leased to operators for a period of five years, with option of further lease as pro- duction continues. If adjoining property is untested at the time of leasing, the farmer usually receives a royalty of from one-eighth to one- sixth of the future production, with the further stipulation that drilling is to begin within six months to two years, or that a stated rental per acre will be paid until the first well is drilled. If, on the other hand, the desired property lies near producing territory, the land assumes added value and a bonus is demanded in addition to the royalty and the reservation of the fee. The closer the farm is to good oil properties, the higher the bonus becomes; it averages from $10.00 to $40.00 per acre, but sometimes reaches $200.00 or more per acre. The land-owner retains all surface rights of the land, except on the portion necessarily used by the operator for his equipment, including a full quota of wells, power house, boiler house, tankage, waste pit, and pull rods. Upon an 80-acre tract not more than six acres are necessary for this. A large portion of the land in the oil district is not con- sidered especially valuable from an agricultural point of view and con- sequently but little restriction is placed upon the operations. In certain portions of the field, industrious farmers till their ground and at the same time derive a good income from oil. If a large storage of oil is contemplated it is customary to buy the land outright for a so-called tank-farm. Stipulations are usually made regarding the use of gas by the land- owner and of payment by the lessor for active gas wells. This generally averages from $i 00.00 to $200.00 per well per year. There are but few large gas wells in the Illinois fields and the income is insignificant as compared with that derived from the vast production of oil. The lessee further agrees not to drill wells closer than 200 feet to any dwelling or barn, except in the case of town lots. (See PL XXIII, B.) This may be made optional with the land-owner and merely serves as a protection to his perishable property. It is also agreed that the lessee shall be responsible for all damages caused to growing crops, provided there is enough in amount to warrant complaint. Oftentimes when a well is shot and a good flow is secured, the wind will spray the oil over a considerable area of growing grain 148 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 and will thus render it unfit for use. Again careless driving over culti- vated ground will destroy a portion of the crop and so warrant com- plaint. All pipe lines are buried below plow depth. After production is established, the lease becomes the most valuable part of the oil property. It is often sold, the price depending mainly on the number of producing wells and their average daily yield. A trans- fer of lease often takes place even though no wells have been drilled on the tract. The price of this is dependent upon the distance from proven property. In fact, lease speculation has become a very lucrative busi- ness, particularly in newly opened areas. The speculator watches the prospecting and upon the first news of the oil strike, rushes to the locality and leases what he can without a great amount of expense. The demand for land "close up" to the active wells soon outstrips the supply and the unfortunate operator who is late or who really wishes to drill, is forced to pay the speculator's price. A good example of this type of traffic was shown in the recent Carlyle, Illinois excitement. The following form of lease is in common use in Illinois : ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Bull. No. 22, Plate XVII. The steel derrick. BLATCHLET] LEASING OF OIL PROPERTIES. 149 B £2 «"2 i -^ J2 ,C w 3 rj '. X • o Eg • : : h 3 ^ w 3 ' fa _, *C O) TO ,„ .5 o w c 3 cj O +J _* fa fa Mi >&do^£ O £ £ 3 g g -m 2 3 w ^ cd o a) a) _r «, ft aid fa >>3 3+3+-> q 3 03 3«-« fa fa w £ £ be O cj £ • ft+J 3^d ^ fa - ^ d . 3 o+3.£ 3 •+j ft cH ,C3 j •d . y KM • a) H ' M H ! 05 M ..3 X ■■* e , o rf 3 3 . > ft ^2 !U ftrQ«H c ©■ d a) ft •^ O) .0) ft • 3 13 o3>d P3 ;t) O _. CO •a >. gjj Cod fa O to ~d - ^ O CO - •/. o v. — >^ 3 « o § » 1 2 "^ o W 3 bC ■^.S*-- co cj w oftg ."g CJ 4-> — cj 3 o o cj^^ ^ «m cd cd cp «M ...0,15 beg cd "^S"^ ® H Si •• - fa fa>d :3c3 ■3 S S2 +33 ' !W M - — I '•"3 ^ fa w o 3 d^= "- — !U 3 fa 3 v- (- 02 CD 6pS bC CD •ftS 'o ■ "ca ■ o 02^ sg.SSg^fa 02023+J02 M 3 3 3 CJ cj 3 «-< ! H 3 CO r* r- 1 fa- • r- S be be OS'S . g c ° fa^ • 3 <« Ofa-; 3*2 • 5 -Z-z^S :§ 02^ ^bd 'CD cjfH^Q.C'H : ,3 boo 02 e •" d fa +j ft+^ 03 •-»-' fa 3d CJ fa CD • 3 jr; oj 72 3 +^ • d 02 aJd > 02 ^ o +J O 02 ., CD +3 fa •- be cd — ' 3 -3 3 02 ^ 7. w bo 3 >> 3 6 a 'H « •^ +j O -a fa CD .CJ 3 ^ fti^CD 3_ > -3 P 3 g.S o 3 fa CD O 02° -3 - C 3 3 o ft^H 3 fa 3 O O dd fa 3 3 O c 3 3 ^S*3fal»^ . ^^ft-2-S >jd >-j 02 o^ h"-; 3 as S'g^ » § P yj ifa-2.2 3^d awrtS8iia>jj-s d O' 3 3 g^|oo 5 ^ ft2gc32:.2>> r-> "^Hil'r'CD J _ > + J CDfa n +J fa ^cd^ -^M/ J £f^2 ofa* ^CJ ^+3o.- -r«>^3ajSS>fa O ^ (13 t-H t-l _C d m m -h W g .rn : fe'3 "6 '.Q ss« ^ ■» CD CD '3 £ "3 K bjj 2 O 3 150 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 03 03 o ft Sh cu 3 O co S o3^ ja .2 d +-> A 72 O 4 c o XI a c3 •V 03 Pi O fii « a 2

d >, xi b/j a >d £ 2 ft o > m o o C 73 s 03 be 03 ctf .& s ft a3 C3 £>> X2 ft o o 0) 0) bo bD ft ft d "d c S o o ft^S^ 03 o StJ.2 S IN*- +- 1 C „ , TO 03 boSa>gco £ >,+■'" 03 ° C •>.!» C ~ 3 s- 5 S ^+-> " 03 ■s : s o3 *S3 " 53 o 3«CX« o S 03-£ oj 0J 03 C .•£ ^ft W 03 03 3 t^5 -^^X S£^i ^ r 3 o^d ► J, dd+-> 03 C n w ft o - 2 o „ wd d CU 73 03 -h 73^ 03 c3 O X f> CU+J 73 ■<-> rlrlO) p ftcd^ *o »X3 bo-* 5 cd +j ft 5°^ cu 03.27 d Jh 73 c 03 73 5 d+-> c o & be 3^-s 7; 73 d-s .S H^^^^d gftSo-cl 73C ftcS^ J J J ■•' 'COCOCD(D!D(DO CO CO CD CO CO CO CO CO CO CO < CO CO CO CO CO CO CO c )0O t^coco CO < hmmihh 1-1 ,* Is «<£ .-* *> C3S fe ft So ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Bull. No. 22, Plate XXVII. A. A. A portion of the Ohio Oil Company's tank farm, Stoy, 111. B. A cleaning rig. BLATCHLET] OIL STATISTICS. 169 The Princeton, Indiana, Sandoval and Carlyle, Illinois oils are above 30° B. and are controlled by the market price of the better Illinois grades. Pipe- Line Eras and Stocks of Illinois Oil. The annual statistics of the production of petroleum in Illinois are compiled by Dr. D. T. Day of the IT. S. Geological Survey and com- prise the pipe-line runs of the Ohio Oil Company, Tidewater Pipe-line Company, and the Indian Eefining Company, and the tank-car ship- ments of the Sun Oil Company, Cornplanter Eefining Company, Indian Refining Company, Missouri-Illinois Oil Company, Central Eefining Company, W. F. Watson of Bridgeport, Illinois, and Eogers and Dibble of Oil City, Pa. The actual production of oil is the amount which has been run from the producers tanks into the tanks of the transportation company, whether it is a railroad company or pipe-line, and from thence discharged through general pipe-lines to various refineries. The ship- ments recorded in the oil journals each month are used merely as a check to make accuracy more certain. The federal survey has in con- templation the collection of oil and gas statistics directly from the producer, thus placing a check on the general figures. summary tables. The total amount of oil produced previous to 1905, when the main fields were opened up, is almost negligible in comparison with the present annual production. The following brief table gives the yearly production from 1889 to 1911 inclusive: 1 Annual Production of Oil From Illinois Fields, 1889-1911. Year. Bbls. 1889 1,460 1890 900 1891 675 1892 521 1893 400 1894 300 1895 200 1896 250 1897 500 1898 360 1899 360 1900 200 1901 250 1902 200 1903 1904 1905 181,084 1906 4,397,050 1907 24,281,973 1908 33,686,238 1909 30,898,339 1910 33,143,362 2 1911 31,317,038 Grand total 157,911,660 i Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1910, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911. p. 331. 2 Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., calendar year 1911, advance chapter, 1912, p. 64. 170 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 The two following tables present the ranks of the various petroleum- producing states for the years 1905-1910: Rank of petroleum-producing States, with quantities and percentages pro- duced by each, from 1905 to 1911, in barrels. State. Rank. Quantity. Percentage . 1905.1 California 1 2 3 1 < ' 5 6 7 8 } • 10 11 12 13 } » 33, 427, 473 28, 136, 189 16,346,660 12,013,495 11,578,110 10,964,247 10,437,195 8,910,416 1,217,337 1,117,582 376, 238 181,084 8,454 3,100 24 81 20 89 Ohio 12 13 8 92 8 59 8.14 7.75 6 61 .90 83 28 Illinois 14 ] i M Missouri Total 134,717,580 100 .00 1906.2 ) : 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 } » 12 13 ) » 33,098,598 21,718,648 14,787,763 12,567,897 10,256,893 10,120,935 9,077,528 7,673,477 4,397,050 1,243,517 1,213,548 327,572 7,000 3,500 26.17 Indian Territory 17.17 Oklahoma Ohio 11 .69- 9.9J 8.11 West Virginia 8.00 7.18 Indiana 6.07 • 3.47 New York .98 .96 .26 ] >■ .01 J Total 126,493,936 100.00 >- 1907. 2 i ; 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 } » 12 i :: 45,933,649 39,748,375 24,281,973 12,322,696 12,207,448 9,999,306 9,095,296 5,128,037 5,000,221 1,212,300 820,844 331, 851 9,339 4,000 27.65 23.93 Illinois 14.62 7.42 Ohio. 7.35 6.02 5.48 Indiana 3.09 3.01 .73 .49 .20 Utah. ) .0, J Total 166,095,335 100.00 i Griswold, W. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S.f or 1906, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1907, p. 830. 2 Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1907, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1908, p. 348. ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Bull. No. 22, Plate XXVIII. A 35,000-barrel tank fire. BLATCHLEY] OIL STATISTICS. Table — Continued. 171 Oklahoma. California. Illinois Texas Ohio West Virginia. Pennsylvania. Louisiana Indiana Kansas New York Kentucky Colorado Wyoming Utah Missouri Michigan Total. California Oklahoma Illinois West Virginia. Ohio Texas Pennsylvania. Louisiana Indiana New York . Kentucky. Colorado.. Wyoming. Michigan.. Missouri.. Utah Total. California Oklahoma Illinois West Virginia. Ohio Texas Pennsylvania. Louisiana Indiana New York. Kentucky . Colorado.. Wyoming. Utah Michigan. . Missouri.. Total.. California Oklahoma Illinois Louisiana. West Virginia. Texas Ohio 1909.1 1910.2 1911.3 1 45,798,765 I 25.65 2 44,854,737 25.13 S 33,686,238 18.87 4 11,206,464 , 6.28 5 10,858,797 I 6.08 6 9,523,176 | 5.33 7 9,424,325 5.28 H 5,788,874 1 3.24 9 3,283,629 \ 1.84 10 1,801,781 | 1.01 11 1,160,128 .65 12 727,767 .41 13 379,653 | .21 17, 775 15,246 178,527,355 55,471,601 47,859,218 30,898,339 10,745,092 10,632,793 9,534,467 9,299,403 3,059,531 2,296,086 1,263,764 1, 134, 897 639,861 310,861 25,806 183,170,874 73,010,560 52,028,718 33,143,362 11,751,871 9,916,370 8,899,266 8,794,662 6,841,395 2, 159, 725 1,128,668 1,053,838 468, 774 239, 794 119, 045 209,556,048 81,134,391 56,069,637 31,317,038 10,720,420 9, 795, 464 9, 526, 474 8,817,112 01 .01 100.00 30.28 26.13 16.87 5.87 5.80 5.21 5.08 1.67 1.25 .69 .62 .35 .17 .01 100.00 34.84 24.83 15.82 5.61 4.73 4.25 4.20 3.26 1.03 .54 .50 .22 .12 05 100.00 36.80 25.44 4.21 4.86 4.44 4.32 4.0 J i Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1909, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 304. 2 Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S.for 1910, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 329. 3 Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1911, advance chapter, 1912, U. S. Geol. Survey, p. 10. 172 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Table — Concluded. State. Rank. Quantity. Percentage. 1911. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 8, 248, 158 1,695,289 1,278,819 952,515 472,458 226,926 J 194,690 J 3.74 77 Indiana 58 43 22 Colorado .10 Utah .09 Total 220,449,391 100 .00 Rank of petroleum-producing States, with value of production and percentage of each, from 1905-1191. State. Rank. Value. Percentage . 1905. i Ohio West Virginia. . . Pennsylvania — Indiana California Texas Kansas Ind an Territory. Oklahoma Louisiana New York Kentucky Tennessee Colorado Illinois Wyoming Michigan Missouri Total. 1906. i Ohio Pennsylvania. .. West Virginia. . . Kansas Indian Territory Oklahoma California Indiana Texas Louisiana Illinois New York Kentucky Tennessee Colorado Wyoming Michigan Missouri Total. 1907. " Oklahoma Kansas Pennsylvania. $17, 16, 14, 9, 054,877 132,631 653, 278 404, 909 8, 201, 846 7, 552, 262 6, 546, 398 , 601, 325 557,630 943, 211 337, 606 116,561 54,865 $84,157,399 $16, 16, 16. 997, 000 596, 943 170, 293 , 615, 198 , 553, 430 , 770, 066 , 565, 578 557, 838 , 274, 818 995, 377 031,629 262,675 53,890 $92, 444, 735 $18,478,658 17, 579, 706 Griswold, W. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1906, U. S. Geoi. Survey, 1907, p. 830. Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. 1907, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1908, p. 349. 20.27 19.17 17.41 11.18 9.74 8.97 7.78 1.90 1.85 1.12 .40 .14 .07 100.00 18.39 17.95 17.49 10.40 10.34 7.32 7.10 3.85 3.54 2.16 1.12 .28 .06 100.00 15.38 14.64 BLATCHLEY] OIL STATISTICS. Table — Continued. 173 State. Rank. Value. Percentage. 1907. Illinois 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 } » 12 ] } 13 J S16, 432, 947 15, 852, 428 14,769,888 14, 699, 956 10,401,863 4,536,930 4,063,033 2, 127, 748 862, 396 272, 813 28,383 13.68 13.20 Ohio : 12.30 California 12 24 Texas 8.66 Indiana 3.78 Louisiana 3.38 New York 1.77 Kentucky Tennessee .72 Colorado 23 Utah "Wyoming Michigan .02 Missouri Total 5120,106,749 100.00 1908.1 California 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ! - J $23, 433, 502 22,649,561 17,694,843 16,911,865 16,881,194 14, 178, 502 6,700 708 3, 503, 419 3, 203, 883 2,071,533 746,695 706,811 346,403 50,265 18.15 Illinois 17.55 Oklahoma 13 71 West Virginia 13.10 Pennsylvania 13 08 Ohio 10.98 5.20 Louisiana 2 71 Indiana 2 48 New York 1 60 Kansas .58 Kentucky Colorado 27 Missouri Wyoming .04 Michigan Total $129, 079, 184 100.00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14" 15 16 17 $30, 756, 713 19,788,864 17,642,283 17, 428, 990 15, 424, 554 13,225,377 6,793,050 2, 022, 449 1,997,610 1,878,217 518, 299 491,633 318, 162 \ 42, 286 23.97 Illmois 15 42 W est, \ irgmia 13.75 Oklahoma 13 58 Pennsylvania 12 02 Ohio 10 31 5 30 Louisiana 1 58 Indiana 1 55 New York 1 46 40 Kansas 38 Colorado .25 Wyoming Missouri Michigan .03 Utah $128,328,487 100.00 1910. 2 California 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 $35, 749, 473 19, 922, 660 19,669,383 15,720,184 11,908,914 10,651,568 6, 605, 755 3,574,069 1, 568, 475 27 95 Oklahoma 15 58 15.38 West Virginia 12.29 9 31 Ohio 8 33 5 16 Louisiana 2 80 1.21 i Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1909, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p 306. 2 Day, D .T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1910, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 330. 174 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 Table — Concluded. State. Rank. Value. Percentage . New York. Kansas . . . Kentucky . Colorado.. Wyoming. Utah Michigan.. Missouri. . Total. 1910. 1911. California Oklahoma Illinois West Virginia Pennsylvania Ohio Texas Louisiana New York .«. Indiana Kansas Kentucky Colorado Wyoming Utah Missouri Michigan $1,414,688 444,763 324,684 243, 402 98, 330 $127,896,328 $38, 26, 19, 12, 10, 719,080 451,767 734,339 767, 293 894, 074 479, 542 , 554, 552 668,814 248,950 228,835 608, 756 328,614 228, 104 132, 032 Total $134, 044, 752 •1.11 .35 .25 .20 .08 100.00 28.89 19.73 14.72 9.52 8.13 7.07 4.89 4.23 .93 .92 .45 .25 .17 .10 100.00 The total production in Illinois, by months, for the last six years is given in the following table: 2 Production of petroleum in Illinois, 1905-1911, by months, in bbls. Month. Year. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 3 January... February.. March April May June July August September. October. . . November. December. Total. 6,521 17,306 23, 827 26,586 27,589 34,611 44,644 181, 084 55,680 65, 208 19, 352 102, 862 267, 746 410,655 610, 401 778, 464 722, 168 463,819 350,985 549, 710 4, 397, 050 781, 812 956,399 1,547,323 1,874,465 2, 138, 918 1,879,362 2, 422, 192 2,446,042 2,605,663 2,863,812 2,510,146 2,255,839 24, 281, 973 2,703,973 2, 572, 115 2,825,491 3, 249, 690 3, 223, 515 3,081,848 2,693,288 2,808,667 2,675,385 2, 709, 913 2,479,926 2,662,427 33, 686, 238 2, 668, 607 2,510,548 2, 757, 794 2. 562, 215 2,829,277 2, 670, 549 2, 728, 857 2,719,958 1,902,197 2, 560, 072 2, 497, 847 2, 490, 418 30,898,339 2,640,303 2, 353, 684 2, 865, 055 2,776,800 2, 860, 760 2,746,620 3, 029, 787 3,007,151 2,850,119 2, 768, 750 2,629,132 2, 615, 201 2,578,579 2,373,229 2, 790, 515 2,560,963 2,731,965 2,634,521 2,740,654 2,770,946 2,615,120 2, 638, 927 2,400,670 2,480,949 33,143,362 31,317,038 The following table shows the value of Illinois oil produced from 1905-1911: i Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1911, advance chapter, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1912, p. 10. 2 Mineral resources of the U. S. for 1910, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 385. 3 Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S. for 1911, advance chapter, 1912, U. S. Geol. Survey, p. 64. BLATCHI.EY] OIL STATISTICS. 175 Production and value of petroleum in Illinois, 1905-1911, in bbls. Year. Production. Total value. Ohio Oil Co. Other lines. 1 Total quantity. 1905 156, 503 4,385,471 23,733,790 31,972,634 27,640,773 27, 751, 090 25,987,480 24,581 11,579 548, 183 1,713,604 3,257,566 5,392,272 5,329,558 181,084 4,397,050 24, 281, 973 33,686,238 30,898,339 33, 143, 362 31,317,038 $ 116,561 1906 3,274,818 1907 16, 432, 947 1908 22, 649, 561 1909 19, 788, 864 1910 19, 669, 383 1911 19,734,339 Total 157,905,084 $101,666,473 The following table presents kind and amount of petroleum pro- duced in Illinois from 1909 to 1911, in barrels: 1 Year. Light. Heavy. Total. 1909 28,049,468 30, 444, 279 29, 103, 220 2,848,871 2,699,083 2,213,818 30,898,339 33,143,362 31,317,038 1910 1911 The following table shows the pipe-line runs of the Ohio Oil Com- pany in Illinois from 1905-1911, by months, in barrels: Pipe-line runs* Month. 1905. 1906. 19.7. 1909. 1910. 1911. January... February.. March April May June July August September. October... November. December. 5,489 9,208 15,092 19, 592 26, 444 34, 766 45,912 55, 680 65, 208 19, 352 102, 862 267, 746 410, 655 610, 401 778, 464 722, 168 463,819 350, 985 538, 131 Total 156,503 4,385,471 752, 671 918, 620 1, 494, 598 1,823,025 2,094,195 1,830,634 2,376,281 2, 398, 895 2, 560, 593 2,818,032 2,464,981 2, 201, 265 23, 733, 790 2, 497, 359 2, 464, 914 2, 591, 911 3, 089, 417 3,084,816 2, 965, 786 2, 579, 977 2.690,931 2, 555, 871 2, 582, 561 2, 356, 386 2,512,705 31,972,634 2, 494, 492 2,358,198 2, 568, 392 2,388,309 2, 536, 413 2, 365, 956 2, 413, 218 2, 411, 483 1,595,934 2, 228, 269 2,149,372 2, 130, 737 2,220,842 1, 976, 637 2,377,012 2,306,336 2,374,134 2,274,501 2,569,830 2,528,532 2, 409, 232 2,334,659 2, 211, 286 2,168,089 27, 640, 773 27,751,090 25,987,480 2,137,674 1,968,429 2,349,208 2,138,500 2, 264, 925 2,177,280 2,265,374 2,312,973 2,154,693 2,172,457 1,977,073 2, 068, 894 The table below gives the gross stocks held by the Ohio Oil Company, and the eastern lines operating in" Illinois from 1907 to 1911, by months, in barrels : i Loc. cit. » Day, D. T., Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1910, Part II, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 385. * Mineral Resources of the U. S., 1911, advance chapter, 1912, IT. S. Geol. Survev, p. 65. 176 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. NO. 22 e i I I o o 6 2« o d o io cm o ^ -"j* o ■ co~co~co~co~co~co~'"**'co~co*'cm*'cm" NfflOOHi •CM C5CO CM.-H THO«03lrtO>MNT-lrH(OC<5 Mi-KONrtNHHOVOlN cones co &&$'■<&-&'■*? Os Oi CT> 00 ■: CM CM CM CM CM < g,, o- q d He, Si cm a> cm ! oa. CM~CM~CO~CM~CO~CO~0cTcm'''cM~CO~CO S CM as CM CO <_ - HTJ>LflONlOO)N "lO^CMt^OOCMiO -s< oo co •« O £- co lO t; COCO CM . . oo -& a> as oo to < NffliOOCOHHtONH- O) O lO O 1^ C tD N l<: c iO N CM tO t— CM I - LO CO' tO >"- r. C '' HOOJ^O^OINVCOOM ■OiONOOHNl i uo to oco ■ 00 N X N iC N If i.O i— I CMCO-^iUOt^'XOOCMCO-^'O bS p-s 3-gc3 a s s s "3 03 o, c3 S 73 3 S 1 O O a> GQ-g O.H raO ®_ |S o © is cS'S ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Bull. No. 22. Plate XXXI. A. A. A gas well. B. A gas well with a water retainer. BLATCHLET] OIL STATISTICS. 177 The following table shows the quantity of petroleum shipped by rail- road from the Illinois oil fields, 1906 to 1911, by months. The amounts were estimated by Dr. D. T. Day of the U. S. Geological Survey, on the basis of 7.16 pounds to the gallon in 1906, and from 296.476 to 321.17 pounds to the barrel in 1907 to 1911: Rail shipments of oil from Illinois. 1906-1911, by months. Month. 1907. 2 1908. 3 1910. » 1911. s January.. , February . March . . . . April May June July August... September October... November December. Total. . 60, 134 51, 358 16,009 35, 539 160, 121 358, 039 515, 956 534,821 368, 625 162, 547 48, 747 30, 843 8,701 14, 23, 42, 158, 166, 322, 223, 70, 56, 56, 2,342,739 1,210,019 91, 807 71. 170 132, 300 118,074 84, 290 122,317 107,688 70. 171 83, 042 102, 163 138,147 126.967 1, 248, 136 144,511 111,407 152, 056 109, 872 157, 783 183, 432 158, 642 166,943 173, 509 200,067 198, 044 185, 166 1,941,432 220, 856 217,917 263, 056 257,292 283, 285 285,095 276,533 277,317 253, 788 213,217 287, 750 234,819 228, 404 224, 856 254, 927 347, 530 333, 324 329, 621 311,681 297, 784 238, 917 292,004 263, 627 285,082 3,070,925 3,407,757 1 Shipments were made from loading racks at Bridgeport, Oilfield and Stoy. The railroads were the Vandalia; the Baltimore & Ohio; the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton: and the Indianapolis Southern. 2 Shipments were made from loading racks at Duncansville, Lawrenceville, Stoy, Robinson, Bridge- port, Oilfield and Casey. The railroads were the Vandalia; the Baltimore & Ohio; the Cincinnati, Ham- ilton & Dayton; the Indianapolis Southern and the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis. 3 Shipments were made from Duncansville, Lawrenceville, Stoy, Robinson, Bridgeport, Sparta and Casey. The railroads were the Vandalia; the Baltimore & Ohio; the Illinois Southern; the Indianapolis Southern: and the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis. 4 Shipments were made from Duncansville, Flat Rock, Lawrenceville, Stoy, Robinson, Bridgeport. Casey, and Sparta, the same railroads shipping in 1909 as in 1908. The number of tank cars shipped in 1909 was 11,820. 5 Shipments were made from Duncansville, Flat Rock, Lawrenceville, Stoy, Sandoval, Bridgeport, Casey and Sparta, the same railroads shipping in 1910 as in 1908 and 1909. The number of tank cars shipped in 1910 was 17,049. The following table gives the statistics of field operations since 1905 : —12 G 178 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 OS ,CM t>.^ • CM f- 1—1 30 iO o CO © OS COIN co CO OS CO CM i-HCN CO 00 CO OS • i - '«hoo^ '43 1 o OS ^icq co i-l CO COCO CO T CM o o OS 00 ■ao os o I OS LO rf OS rH rr cOCO^h CO US 8 1 CO I- Ioosocn 00 lO CO •«*< oT f OS >-H O t~- 00>-t U5 ?5 f,H S >o O CO CO co o" OS t^cN uOOt^CMCNOOOSCNr^O — Ii-H CO CO (N CO rHCO CO OS CO i OS s tMCOCOcOCOOOTfiOSCSCOCMIMCO rHOscO <-i < © cqt>- COO oo ■ ^ !© © CO CO o © o oo lOCN CNCN icNOO^ . © t^tN qt>. OCN T-l © CO © 3 © !© ■lOiOMOOHiOOONiOO 'Olfl^OMNHlOONNCO • r-t CN CM CO H CO t>- CO co 1 .'co CO ri 1 eo io oo ■<* • O CO © CO • r- I CN CO © d CN © CN I-* o © © n ©CN© !>• NtOO CN © CO CO CO s w 8 no i-j os oo CO CN © S 00 * © Total initial production. © 811 11,681 10 9,802 125 ©- rr CO © © CO © © 3S. 00 lO J< COO O CN .-1 © ©" 00 00 o © CO © to" 122 46, 694 303 45 > § © CO © oo" o © 00 re o CM 314 84, 163 3,612 118 CO — 00 CN CO © ©" CO I -.o rr co 279 59, 204 15,115 101 1 1> 3 CN © co" 1 o O 1 5 = £ a - z 5 3 c- t - a — z - — i P a = OS = o 8 i / - 1 — - C z ~z i 1 - p T c, / z c- 180 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 3 o CO 00 Tt< -H OS Tf> oo oo r- io co co CM OS lOH i-H CO co^Tj^co'co'c^T-r o © ft ■* Tf 00 CO CO 00 lf3 M N N CO O COCOCMH r-H^H > o COO CO CO r- OS t~- CO !>■ CM t>- CM CO -H CM OS rH H O (OMOCNXN "Ocoa^ao ^ CO CM CS| —t ri P. CO OS O t»< CM •>*< 00 ■"J" O >* 00 CO CO tub 3 -4 CO i-H t~- CO >0 CO as co^ o co •«< ■f •* T(i CO CM rt CO CM t~- r»« tx CM ■>»< iO rfi CO ^H rt © a 3 CO CO CO CO CM i-h 03 3 CO CO Tt< -H CM t- iCOltONOiH CS tt CM CO ^H^H ft <1 00 t^ t-CO t-H O CO Os O iC 00 HMtHNH C3 ^ t^-CO00^H COr-lCM^H P CJ tONTjiooca •O to CM iC 00 CO.-I CN^H c3 l-S CO CO CO t— * Tf* •o o ^h i-) o (MCOOlr-lrH 3 - 9 E 3 5 5 r o ~^ OS >H 80 •r» o * ~ ft Kl e» >, *« d> > 5 o CO o Q3 co o t3 ==>. l_J* 5^ 1-1 ■« 3 o Eh O CO iO 00 00 iO »(NiO>OCOO - lO -cr CO < 00 -cmO >0 Th CM >> 3 OS CM iO OM CO CO I- CO tO •* CM I ~H IO Tf CO O CO -. iO iO iO Ti 03 r^ ■* io io co co CO CO CO -^"Cf CO Pi «4 OOM00HO cm -en co co ■*> r-i o c3 CO CO ">r CM -h ft igSSSS a" 03 -*l IO Tf< i-H CM i s 3 l 3 5 5 1 tdO CdO TlO i— i Q© a> Q3S CO CO iO iO . HOI l^CMc i^cxrco""t>^t-^c co os oo io 14,03< 8,15' 6,09 8,90< 10, 13; 4,78! io t^ oo ■* as co OCOtCNHN !>• as oo co - as as >o i-i CO CO CO O i-h oo"~co~cot>T'ooic' l 00 CO CO 00 i CM CM ■* iO CCrt-jiiONlfl CM CO 00 CO a> OJCOrHOftO WHOiOOl NoimocN as co •* co co M^OHN CO T 1 CO CO t^ ■*hOM!C as co io io io BLatchley] NATURAL GAS. Petroleum field report in 1910, by counties. 181 Wells. Acreage. County. Productive, Dec. 31. Abandoned Drilling, Dec. 31. Fee. Lease. Total. Clark 2,341 67 6,652 677 6 124 1 217 4 1 1,065 140 913 58,515 575 102,737 6,221 80 59, 580 715 Coles 15 103, 650 6,221 610 Edgar 530 Jersey Lawrence 2,411 38 30 1 329 80, 615 23,793 11, 486 35, 920 493 84, 760 80, 944 23, 793 Macoupin. . 11,486 Marion 12 5 4 407 35, 920 900 Randolph 84, 7 60 Total 12,171 385 50 3,384 405, 195 408, 579 On January 1, 1912, it was estimated that 19,982 wells had been drilled in Illinois. Of these 3, 152 or 15.7 per cent were barren. There were 84 wells abandoned in 1910 and 198 in 1911. The abandonment of wells in the shallow fields has been under way since 1909 and is gradu- ally growing as the sands are exhausted. Unless new wells from deeper pay sands or the extension of portions of the area are developed this field will probably be completely abandoned by the close of 1913. The deeper field of Crawford county is showing a decline, but its life will be much longer. NATURAL GAS IN ILLINOIS. Illinois produces a very small amount of natural gas in proportion to the immense quantities of petroleum. Her rank is eighth among gas producing states with the following preceding her in order: 1, West Virginia; 2, Pennsylvania; 3, Ohio; 4, Kansas; 5, Oklahoma; 6, New York; 7, Indiana. The principal gas areas lie within the oil fields and the supply is used, chiefly, for field operations. Gas is used for do- mestic purposes in the towns within the oil belt and in several others near the fields. Gas is sold in Lawrenceville, Bridgeport, Pinkstafr, Birds, Flat Rock, Oblong, Palestine, Robinson, New Hebron, Porterville, Stoy, Hutsonville, Annapolis, Casey, Westfield and Martinsville, all being in or near the oil fields. Outside towns, such as Marshall, Vin- cennes, Indiana, Olney, and Sumner, are connected by direct mains with the fields. The majority of active oil wells produce small amounts of gas, which is collected in gas tanks on each lease. There are, however, several areas within the fields that yield high pressure gas wells, and these serve the commercial demand for the fuel. (See PL XXXI.) Such areas lie near Bellair, Hardinville in Honey Creek township, and north of Bridgeport. The gas comes, seemingly, in each case, from raised portions of the oil horizon. The following brief table shows the approximate depths of gas sands and the accompanying pressures: 182 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWEENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 List of gas-sands in Illinois fields, ivith depths and gas pressures. County. Depth in feet. Pressure in pounds per square inch. 1908. 1910. 105-330 80-130 250-550 500-1000 500-575 94-120 265-600 900-1850 175-280 100-893 0-30 0-23 Champaign 15-32 Clark 65-100 25-400 15-35 35-45 20-225 DeWitt... 25-50 75-127 500-600 200-750 Lee 18-28 Pike 3-10 4-10 Natural gas was found at a depth of 1,528 feet in Marion county during 1909-1910, at the time the Sandoval field was opened up. The original pressure was about 370 pounds to the square inch. Several wells adjoining the first one developed also produce gas at high pressures and the product of all of them is used for field operations and for domestic use in Sandoval. A new gas area was tapped early in the year 1910, near Greenville, Bond county. The sand is found between 950 and 1,000 feet and is correlated with the Benoist sand of Sandoval and the Kirkwood sand of Lawrence county. Three wells yielded from 1,250,000 to 2,000,000 cubic feet of gas daily. Several light-pressure gas wells were drilled near Jacksonville, Morgan county, during the year 1910. The yield came from a sand overlying the St. Louis limestone, at a depth of about 300 feet. The gas is odorless, colorless, and burns with a very hot, blue flame. A gas area similar to the Jacksonville field was tapped in 1908, near Carlinville. Good pressures were secured. A gas, called "drift gas," has been obtained from the Pleistocene deposits over portions of northern- central Illinois and used for the past 25 years. The pressure is usually slight and the lives of the individual wells are short. The depths, from which the gas comes, vary from 50 to 250 feet. Wells of this type have been drilled near Champaign, Princeton, Colchester, Wapella, Heyworth and elsewhere. The following table records the natural gas development in Illinois from 1906-1910, according to B. Hill: 1 Record of natural gas industry in Illinois, 1906-1910. Gas produced. Gas consumed. Wells. Year. Number of prod- ucers. Value. Number of consumers. Value. Drilled. Prod- uctive Domestic. Industrial. Gas. Dry. Dec. 31, 1910. 1906 66 128 185 194 207 $ 87,211 143,577 446,077 644, 401 613, 642 1,429 2,126 27,377 28,458 210, 109 2 61 2204 2518 2479 $ 87, 211 143,577 446,077 644,401 613,642 200 1907 94 121 56 64 41 42 11 31 283 1908 400 1909 414 1910 435 i B. Hill, Natural Gas, Mineral Resources, U. S. for 1910, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1911, p. 317. 2 Includes number of consumers and value of gas consumed in Vincennes, Indiana. BLATCHLET] NATURAL GAS STATISTICS. 183 The following table prepared by Mr. Hill 1 shows the total estimated value of natural gas in Illinois from 1885 to 1910, inclusive : Production of natural gas in Illinois, 1885-1910. Year. Value. 1885 _ $ 1,200 1886 4 000 1887 1888 1889 10,615 6,000 6,000 12,988 14,000 15,000 7,500 6,375 5,000 1890 1891 1892 1893... 1894... 1895... 1896... 1897 1898 2,498 2,067 1,700 1899 1900 1901 1,825 1902 1,844 1903 3,310 4,745 1904 1905 7,223 87, 211 1906 1907 143, 577 446, 077 644, 401 1909... 613,642 » Idem, pp. 300-301. 184 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 i>. — IN t-O-f O TO «•*« «#■*• 1-H TOO *c5 ^ > O^CO CO o WtOw 03 O i*d 00 t"- Ci Eh . £g& ■ © 00CCCN §^ 00 CN'cO t^ t^ CN 3 I £ OirfN §i toc'o +3 00 CO 1-2 CNOCN 2 L0 05CO "3 > CM CO CO 9% -d CD B 2 fl T LO «H 'C to O o m SO i CO !*« o o ►d °£ 3 o fl a* r^ ~. CTi CN CO CN , £ OtCl 3 «-• oo cn i-^ (MOO cr. cn t or* CO tviO ** C3 00 t^ lOHN 00 CO CO aj t'oo'oO O-rf^ -HCN CN 03 ■ a& > .2 fl toioa "-*- to O 00C1--H CD a o lae T-H i-( CN °§3 Q ft NHt- 3 i © >OCN i-O CNTO flg o'oo 0Too o LO T t> 22S ber of pro- ducers having gas wells. i- : l e4 e >i « ~ d CT>OiS 1 i— BLATCHLET] APPENDIX IXDEX. 185 APPENDIX— TABLES OF WELL DATA. IXDEX TO TABLES. Pages From To Crawford county , . 186 283 Honey Creek township 186 196 Martin township 197 238 Oblong township 239 277 Robinson township 277 283 Lawrence county 283 436 Bridgeport, township 283 331 Christy township 331 332 Dennison township 332 364 Lawrence township 364 380 Lukin township 381 Petty township ' 382 436 186 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 "O "3 "3 : a : 3 : c . o • o • o j ft ; & ; a IS :§ :g :s » 'a? ©£ oTfc wfc .- S - ^73 03 ft<3 ft ■ WO O ^2 03 03 °3 •spjjBq— jonpoad iBprai Q Ofl ■j98j— mdapiBioj, ■j99j— mdapno sa o v. o to ■%9QJ — aUBjd rany?p 8AoqB apnji^y •180J— I8A8] B9S Avojaq gpnij^Y pa}i3j;8U9d ssanjtojqx •;9aj— doj oj qjdea - 1 .£PQ IpfiOq T. C: ~ ~ T. c~. / — t-H ^ § 5 ^hO^hOOOOO -I.SOOCDHM !N <* ..H ,Q 03,Q 0£ o P3o2pH ,©,© o o -S 2-5,2 3 >3 OT3 C OS * 2 t:te 03 O ,_J ,_i c 2 © i-H ■**< C 3«g _ as ■2 CN 1 s c 1 CN '- OS z 3 CO CO 73 i a w 'o u Pi Pi 3 1 f 1 c- c COO .- ~ ~ CO oo oo co O C i OS C -r ,— 1 i— 1 NH — 00 O O Oi n i - 3B CO s CO CO iO o a)© ooo 3£ O5 00 5 re O r ex -z X x •r - OJNtONtO GO 00 00 00 00 7 CN0C lOCNOMNNtO HhOHONNHHfflffii t-hOOOi-hOOi-hOO- cOi- 00 CO l«iO < CO ■* coco • — ( CO CO t-< CN CN CO CN © lO 'COCO 'OM0)«e00»H00OVOO«3Ol tji t« .CNCN .CNCN.-H.-H (NHHKMVHMHrt 1-H t}H> CO O iO CO ■* ffl iO 00 IN ioooooo CO X X s o LO^^iOiOLOCNiOlOOCNOO-^r^OOOCOCOCN' a^WOJMiOXNOOi-'NOiNlONlOCecOMVHlOCCI OS Ol GO 00 00 0C 000000500000000GOG000000000050COOI r i- X P PI o o CO CO >9 9 o o Pnpw > T X o o CO CO .9.5 > ,0,0 OS O C£ P-Wx PI o a '3 = > r •7 Robinson Robinson Robinson Robinson Stray Robinson- Robinson- Stray.... 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X CO X CO OC CO tH.-O^M-hM co oo 9 9 o c tftf B £ C ooo CO CO CO .9 9 9 333 coo n c . a ace o o • o ooo CO CO ■ CO CO CO CO g a ^Jj sag 3 o 3 3 c3 3 3 3 3 cd o o H c o o c pi IpSpJcop; tftftf > o o o o 3 CO CO CO CO : c a a r-HCO i-l CO .-H CCS ooo CO CO CO fl q c i CM CO I c c : C C 33333333 ,£* 3 « 333 !?3 CCOCCOOO O OT3 c o O H c ItfcO 5 5 5 3 3 3 c c c rtNHCCrtCN CCCBCfi c c c c c o y: co co co CO CO C C C C C fl X2 r . -^ CM o xo o ■^h CM CM -h TMMCO i-l CO . . . . o o o c I £££ ^ ,_. 33V 3 5 as a a o o 2 o g CO CO w CD w w 3 3 3 5 £ £ £ £ £ £ ffi w w •a -s C3 cc3 © © J=X& A P5 a ooo o C3 S 3 .§ 5 s s s 1-1 CM 216 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— pnpojd psi^iui •^j— t^dsp ib^oj, •}88j— qidap no •%qq} — etrejd ran^p 8Aoqe epnmjy ■B9S Avopq apn^i^V "\Q9}—dO% 0% T{%dQ(J g oi c3 fl-g oa.2 « ^.2.2 CNiOOOcOtj<.— ICONIC'— I ■* 00 to 00 CO 00 lO OO iO O) <-0 CO iO 00 r» lO CO C/}CZ>CZ>C/)C/3C/3 gggggggggg 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 OOOOOOOOOO tfpqtftfP4P3tfP4tfpc5 88 OOrtOOrHCOTI'lOXlO'S-OOOH'VXN'fOl^fO lONNCOlCNOCONXlCNCOOONNCOOOCNN ,-HOT-trHT-lOt>).-l.-l©i-HO.-HOOO,-lOrHO CQ-*l>g.a.g>;a>*s.g.s ,0,003,0,0,003,003,0,0,0 OOJ-'OOOHOHOOO !§§§ ■aa" ItNCO .HtNrHtN ca^i^i^ ct^j oa ,s-; ,u ,i_2 oo*-000£0_f-:000 sis' 333 o o o tfptfpH ; g c 3 ■Cc g pi g 333 o c o § s CI CO CO N O) N o o o £ £ £ £ 5? pq pq CJ u ^ W CJ ^. ^, °S "C 'C °£ 'fl <*H ^* '© '3 'S '© £ £ £ £ £ ^ -3 £ a a B W M M M ai a a S rt tN CO o -< : x : o> §8 00 OJ IO if IO IO 00 00 o> IO 3 23 05 0) aa 8 93 KOHioCiNM^fflHCO CN t-H 05 O5>O00 io o; io io co io co oo tj< co i-i co _lO i-H -HOOi-lOi-1 .-4.-I 1-H 1-4 CM O O — 1 O NWiOHOiOCONOOOONOiOOliONM© IO » (N X •- O. t~ ~ ^CCNHfflrHlCi-l^iH i-lO^O-HOOCNOr-I^H^H^H^HrW^-lr-H-l-H lOi-H o io t^0010rHCOM«Tj CO CO "<«4 if CO if CO CO CO CO CO CN if "f CO "V OONlOOOlONOCNOHWOWrtLOWN'')' ■O'Ot^rtTrOINaOO'^NCiKK'fl'ML'5 00 CO^CO^0»N00iONOt0Ot^Lt)<0OO CO IO CM if CM 1-H 1-H i-H r-l CO CN "9 1 THTf II if t- rt> 05 IO I*- IO iO -f *a o iQ cm co 10 10 c— -f 10 i-i l- ro io b- " ~ -O— c^r-HCO'— i— (-HLOOCO-TCsiCOicOOi 000000O300O5O500O5O30000O5O00000000000 c - i 1 i ■r p c c p 1 pi f c [/ p IE c pi c D F c c/- F 1 - i D IE c - i i pd 0- § p 1 pi 1- p c ■s p 1 pi s C\ p c Of p 1 Pi p c c c: € 1 I « c c a 1 PS c p IE c p: s= c ■J I IE c p: i 1 pi i p 1 CN p c a c Pi 1- i g 1 Pi re § S c P4 1 p IE c Pi 6> i c c 1 Pi p c ■J IE c Pi !§ H C cs i I IE c Pi T- c c F IE c P= > h X Cv! i-l CM i-H CNI lH CM o o o o o o o CO K K K CO CO K) C C C c g c c IE IE '2 IE IE IE |S o o o o o o o O. 5D CD CD 00 CO t^ CN O iO IO 00 o o IO IO • 00 CO IO CO • i-4 CN CO Tt< iO t^ d ci o o o 2 o 2 • c c .2 z 2 c 2 c 2 c 2 pT pT a a pT pf o pi pi Pi pi pi a ^ s a a s s a s aaaaaa g Pi 3 pi S pi Pi P OOOOOO c3 o o o o o o S QQQOPQ a a a a a a pi pi ll] M t fc 5? o p q +j +j fi fi Pi Pi o o « ft o o 53 53 o o o o ^-^-72 o o o o o o Pi Pi P O3o3c3c3> ^^^ Q O Q p i-i ,-,• (_; ,_>• iiotoNooa CN ?5 CP CP CP Q? CP CU x n x m j* m g g pi _C3 _C3 _C3 rt rt _g O O O la ^^i6'?ii S ci c3 5 ^^^^^^ S a a a : o :q o -o c! ° c ° .23 .2 .S3 'C Pi'C C t-4 u im S cp S cp o s s aaaa a s s ■< < CO ^4 IO i-4^ C5 ^ CM OS «o rtHM i-t CO i-l l^ 00 ■<*< IO OS Tf T»i 00 00 00 00 00 00 i-i (N , , rHT)100(Nr-liH COCOCOTt ^5,d ,D ® tf K P5 OO O PS o o o o o o IS IS IS IS IS IS o oooc o _M> M St) § 3 S o o o a o •j3 o N M f "OtD i§3c$8 s BLATCHLEr] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 219 -- - - I 5 qq i b B 0? T3 d a 0? -3 J |1 Bcn — 00 s3~ | -r a X CD s 1 09 03 ® US x 3 Gas, 874 feet Gas, 880 feet Gas, 878 teet Gas, 897 teet — 1- o o c CO ooooooo Nxmocoo i-l l-l rH CM rH CM o C 5 — o C3 = s 8 05 Oi o — 00 lO oc -< coo CO So o oo o 00 a X O 0C O f TP 00OGON 00 OC 00 OI 00 X gl§l T ■- - cc K 1 L- g x it, c r i_: g 1 » X [- x -.- C 1 - I- - t; — x 9 — QC S / HlflNC CC CM t^- CN 5 CM io r-- re O « | WfflHCO© oonHir^c;sNTPic^-;i- — r n m fu — -rcr;c ^ O! h ^ m ?. l: ?; c l^ h c c ei ( CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO ^ 1 CO CO ^ CO CO M 1 i^l'NM NONCiO^NXNO. !SS Oi oo co r- x O c; oC' ■«}< oo O oc irt ^h rr t^- f- o x cm lo ci [^ co oc -* >o oi ■- -jz r- — r* — < i o co t - cm x co i - i-h i~- co r- t- r- o x cs cc cc cm c c cc re — cc — 00MOffl00O»M0100KC!X00M010CaXXXr.MC0!XZi«W00«MaXM00 00 00 00X»0CtCXX0 , .KK010CKfll o o c c oq cq on 03 S 9 9 5 2 3 3 3 ; o o c o Pipipipii ccaac c c c c c >CMCO : a a I c c .CM CO : b b . o o o o o -1 ,C «P5 — c :p3 3 ea22 CHOC tf to Pi Pi .CM CO ■ii ~ C C co Pi Pi ,>>>>>b£b0b0b0b0bC O OOOOCOB B B 3 B 3 El, fe Ci, fi, ft- fe Et( B W W W W W i i g % B C3 s B B C3 03 | g bo bo bo bO bo M bo bf s S S § s 3 s s § § =3 ■9 =>} >« «8 =3 =<3 ^5 =3 c^ TJ >g m tJ T) •rt -3 -3 -3 T) Fh O O C b ^ t £ iS * ^ £ It f5 rrt c3 03 C3 C3 c3 C3 C3 C3 Ifl s t-, U O O CJ O O O O O O P- £ .5 ^ -3 "3 »d W H H B B fl B B B 000000 co m co ot fi m o 2 2 2.2 2 2 2 332233c o " b S 65 000 000000S S^SS -f UO o t^ OS O —iCM Sc5! 220 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •siajjeq — ^onpoad rBiitui •%&}— TU(R>p ys%o jj 188J— q;d9p no inrn'Bp.9Aoq'B aprimiv •^99J— I8A8I ■B9S j&.o\dq 9pn;mv ■J99;— pg^BJ^gugd ssaa^oiqj, •^aaj— do; o; mdaa 3 2.2 f 3 S« az Gas, 935 feet Salt water, 965 feet Gas, 945 feet Gas, 950 feet. Salt water, 977 feet a a. i ex I c ' a a T 9 a !S "ei rx 8£g^ 00 NH ?; o o o OO CM OC oo os HOOiOH(OOiOIMiO[^OOOOtD»OHiOOCOO' OOOlOWOOlOffl(DOHCOiiOO r /'NiOr-lOOl i-HOi-Ii-0'»OMOnO'*©ci^'*niooM»'*nio > oo <- — OO'OMOi CO 00 CM CM o i 00 C5 00 00 00O3 00 O 00 O 00 © © OO © 0000 © 00 ©© 00 © © © O0O0©00©< 52 © HNHINHINCONCOCliHMHNMHCO ooooooooooooooooo , .2.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9.9 : : w 2 2 2 2 3 2222 2 2 2 2 2B32°5 'C ooooooooooooooooo "O/Cl CM CO >-l CO O CO O CO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO O'O'O o o o o 00 00 o o oz 55 £ - c/3 tzi a) 2 2d rd ^o W> tUOrt o o o ££ £ 'a a a~ MA rd o o o a a a M N to I 5. ^ * 5- * ^ I Ifc I » fc " is j§ -g" -gV ■g" g~ g~ g< g< rt &« C3 .0 .3 Q g fl fjfl pi oo i cj ci o oo o fl fl fl ft ft ft ft s a a a a o o ^ ^ ^ .23 .23WPQW o o -H ^H ^H 1-H O -H i-l ^H .-H t-H t-H fH 1-H i-H rt ^H i-H NOHOOH X 3C' a rt 00 O ' O t>- COCO i-H 00 O: i-h 00 CO .-H©»00© COHOCO^OO^TjifllCOHHtOE CONOOOHTrOHOONOOrtCClOOH HNCMcONCCOOrHOO co -hi eo ■* ui eo co co co eo co ■* eo co co eo co co co co eo co co eo 1-H t^ C~ CN-HOO CO CO CO CN W CO ;8£3 lOi-H. i CN 00 O CO " i 00 00 OS 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c CNOSOtNOO 00 00 00 00 00 CN CMOS 00 00 00 ooooooc 00 OS ^f OS OJ >p to <- o :«3Ph a : p a o o o 1/5 . CO CO .9 : 9 a 3 ,2 3 3 CO o o Ph :p3tf .-H.-HCN a a p o o o CO CO CO pi g g 333 o o o P-PhPh . OS O OO O OS OS O O OS OS » 1(5 lOfl « CDOO 15 r>Nl O O OO O OO) O OOc IO io 1QU5 "5 Htfi ill IO IO IO • 06660 6 53 £5353 53 53 o o 53 53 53 53 o o 53 53 53 53 pi p p p g ,p AAA g 0000 5 p pi a p .9* ep a) © -iO^HO»-i< -H; >^ >; (-1 fc- U (H h h fn h £ 2 iH CO »-l -- CI Pi 5 5 5ft ft 55 fc fc £• £• a a o o o o 3 3 3 3 o o o o pq pq tt 3 8 o o rQ ro --J -^ fi Pi oo ^ BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA, 223 1 J >~. oc a 3 C 1 - a a ■5 a 00 Gas, 954 feet Gas, 865 feet Gas, 855 feel Gas. 943 feet 3 s OS ~'~ -- i. -a § co C +a £§ Ph 03 Ph > CO 5> M oo 3 Tl 03 r. OS t~- -CM O -OS OS '00 11 p X e 00 X a X IC K OC owe - e — x 00 X S3 coco CM — < cr X t^ :r. CN X l- ~ -r t- i- i^ i 1 t^ re ~ X«Krr/.KXM?lSN-'rN«ciN -r K K l» - y. ^ C - oo co — co -*r fl ro N ^r N - ?) C. 1- rt ^ re rc r re /. « C /. x S i" - ^i t r L-Nc;-r~:M~:-rl-- o re t- ue -r -r CO ie *r c. — t- ce io ^H -H lO ^H rt O . coroicocoicO''j-e -r o — re re — cm — x re — ie re x x -a- x x -r x x x x -r — x — . x x x x x x x x x x x x — x x o. o- x x en — . os x x — - x cr. oc cr. oc x x cr. oc cc oo ? !» Id ? M CO O s C_c s c 's -s -S "3 5 £ r! O Or- O O .CMCOCM.-ieM.-HCMrtCM.-iCM CO CO a a ■s.~ .5.9.5 2-Ooc c c c : g g i,a,c i c c IPSPH c o c s c c c c c c c o CO CO CO CO CO C C C G C CM .-i CO i-H (TO >-< CO CN CO ,C3i c >ja o o"d ^"c 2 £ *c "c 'C "c "c "c o 'o gwsossMa § a ~ c c CO 'S< a g c c iiil qcpq , CO tO rir c c i: c o pi pi c a. Pi « OOO GO i-i CO CM ■V !>• X 00 00 00 00 00 M N CO Cffih-Tl' CM GO 00 00 00 GO ^o^ cs ■f^ooi-icMTroi.eioor-icM ^-i -cMt^oc; j J ; ; ; ; | j •• ° ° oododd c d odd d ....' _J,«rJSrJ^^'^ oo^ z ^^^^ ^ ^^ sz; o o oo - ~* ™ * ^ * ZZ <*£* - « -.~~~-.^^«.^«. w ^ ?^A7-iA\ o oooooooo 33 p, d p.p^aftft^ 1 !^^^^ ^ »333 8 S" S^ . cf S S" S £ £ OO c o cooooP-P" r* l> ^ !> !>■ OOOO M awMMMtttxti) ^^ fl ^^^^3^3 . OOCOS 2CD3 3q3~ SS ci tH Eh EhEh EhEhOOOOOO O §§SS Ph KKKHWHhS H SB a; - 71 10 t^ 00 r. s — CM CM CM ej re ■e OO P" 00 os 224 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 spjiBq— pnpoad leprai 199J— mdsp ib^oj, 199j— q^dgp no •199J— QXXB\d ran-rep 9Aoqe epniinv 199J— J9A9J B9S Avojgq gpnjpjv •}99J— p9^H9U9d SS9Ulj[0TqX •}99j— do; 0) qjd9Q U ft • 23 o X si So- ts 3 a ^^ — i - cs X a' a qj a 9 a O IC /- -r 00 or 9 a ©ifi 5 ,<- ooor C c Gas, 864 feet Gas, 851 feet Gas, 450 feet. Salt water, 474 feet. 1 00 i T3 o c O o OiOOO O N O lO oooo o oooo o ■. oooo o> ON OS 00 OOtiOO OS 5D lO Tt< O oooooooooo NOW O §g3 §8 OCONOOeSOCOiOOON^H MHiOOaOOCNh-lONaOONOOV 1 CM O (DMNOONOOiOOCSNooCilOlONN 'OOO O O i-H O O O i-H O O ^H ,-H t-H O 1-H ,-H lO ONwiooNNooiNntoffi t^osioo^iN-^oocoiooor-icHcoc^-ti .-h TflOW^MOiOOOilNfflNNCS n«NNNH*OON«N001NN o CO CO CO ^_ _|_ Tji ■* »o "* Tf ■>* rji -^ rjt CO Tft Tt< tH CO M< ■* CO CO CO f CO CO l ■>* ■WONOOiOKNifllOtOiO'O' ONO)TOrf(OOONOOHMHl MNCO>ONlO*00!O'»i'VN HfVOJONrtOOOOlOTMOOOfOlO' i oo oo •»*< t os as io os os cs cs os o o> oo oo o oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo • a a ce CO ■ OS • §1 us X § o-hincs- i^oo^esiaoTfi O1O5OS00O3CJ00C3O50000 •-r X X X 8 HNii5ClOHK3HC!NO£MHU5MMO00»f NMCM/-S:NCL';L»SKH>ifOHNCHVMC«CH E; 22 12 S 2 Ei 2 t- 2 L ~ — ~ N oa — < re os — > re — — re -r — o to to re r- cs -- -< oa co — co — ■ t- co re i ih co ^ -w co c oa OOOOOOOOOOOOi-iOiOi-hO»Oi-i0^h»--5i-ii-icOi-iC-hOi-iO'-iOOi-I'-i^Oi0^h>-i^hi-i^^hi-i^h Oicoo^^ciC^T^c;'^cccTrs^^ot^eo^csic^^^r-^cc^^^c;ueLe^t^c^^Oc;C5CC5i»p?'>»"XC05 N H T T C IN O N O ^f » -h N O H C O >h ffl c c ft l: / ?) - C^ C M X x /. c rex C ^ M r: N '/ r: » l~ « C N t rji TjiTj«'«jiTTi-«r'<9'Tr'^i -^"^ co "3< _j_ co ■■»< _lco •"cr co _£. co co i-i co "q< co^ co - ^ 1 ro-v* cococo-'J'_j-COcococococotj-co oo 105-10 00 '(MO— '00 CO ;CO (M L~CX«KNCNNnO>0 MNrt . -i oacot- ^?4CN if)«ac.N ^ CM O O -S« 00 o o> t^eOMOWOOOt9«flNOOi010lONO®N»NiHiaO'*MN'*NN®lOgOW'50>(»ONr-i5000'*a.oooooOo ! & ir. ir. ir. in xs\ v> & o s.S.S.S.S.S S : ■3 2 ja '2 |g 2 jq 2 © ^ O O C C O O CT3 t>- CO t^ t^ SO OC —1 NO' «o CO 1 TJ1 TJ. ■ O O O CO iO ■*« 00 co co t^ r~ 1-- t- 1» t^ §8 S ■~ CM •>9< IO CO i-l .-I 52 5 55 2 °oo°o o 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 co~oT ot" aTco* wT w tn 1 ^H IO 1-H ._.23 ait ' 3 2«22 a!Mt/3 ' zlt ' 3coco 3 9 S S 9 S 9'5'5'5'a g gg '3 '3 '3 '3 '3 '3'3 '3 P3c P< P5w H Haccc a cc3 d d d d d dd d OO O OO O Q^Ha't-aV; ^ t^^ hS 1-5 l-S Hr, h^)-^ h. S5 » * X £ B £ £ % % % © © 03 Z ^ £ d o .2.2 .2 .2.2 .2 .2.2.2.2 2 .2 22 2 22 2 22222 2 o o o oo o ooooo o ■H CM CO tLO CO NXOOh ^ ^ ,* ^ ^! ^^ ^ oo^^ £ £ ££ ^ p* II o o o o —15 G 226 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 C/3 M 03 s 4> P3 Gas, 865 feet Gas, 874 feet Gas, 860 feet Gas. 891 feet J p 5 a 8 .a spjj'Bq— ;onpojd ibi^tui oooo • (NHN • ^99J— md9p IB^OJ, 05 C3> • CJ5 • 05 •}99J— IUd9p no CO t^ CO CJ5 • 00000000 • 0J5 •6 a o3 •^99 j— gu^jd um:rep gAoqB gpnmjy »NMCOTPMh.O>NOeON'*t^M'*iONtONl»0>NM(ONrHNCC!C rtH(N»WOHCDNM01NONN(NO00©NC0fOl'OHIX)NflMa ^H rt ^,O^H^r-(O^H^HO--H^-lO^Hr-I^HOOOOrHOO^-lOOO>-lO •^99J— I9A8| •bos Avopq gpn^i^y MMI^OfflfflMMNl^ONOlNt^NOlHONtOiOOfOOHNiONO CC0OfOTTiCOCO0O'^CO00-^COCO-*0OCOfO-^ l -^ l -^-* l 0O-W | -* l CO^^'^0O'^< •;99J— pg^Bj^aued sseu^oiqj, tONrr CM CO CO C7> ■* CO O -co TT (MOO ;CM 28£<° TfO^H^Ht^rficOiO ONi-Hr-li-IOOt-IOOi-l • CM iO >C iC • ^n CO OaNOOOOOCOCX'CR0000000500C7:050000CJ300CJ50020CO; E 03 p) c 01 P 2 c 35 c c c i— I 5 | o NCM Pi Pi c c c o ■o ; i- « : p ^ : c i>i Q 03 £ O £ C Scop: CN P c i/ P IE c pi — p c 1/ c p c p" c pi P c p !£ c pi p c V P 1 p; c .'! !o- !!!!!!;!! ! cMcOCMCNlcOrHCMCOlNCO '. 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S S S i-l N L-COC • 666 n . 55ZZ c . „ « . . ^ tM — — — — 'S '© '53'o'S £ CO IO CM o o o !Z5 ^^ X MM o o o o o o o o o o fc ^ 55 55 55 55 55 7 u .r bo bo CMC bi bo a p; fl d PC PI £ a d pi d PI CJ d a a =: | i | | s * % K co cq pa co co co 2 2 2 ppp p p- pq pg 3 5 5 5 O .O .O 5 3 ^ ca B P W Pd - ■~ o o o Hi CD o c c z Cm Cm CmC^ - a a s § a a S s CO — ,- -- t> oo CO a pH ri ~, — ir -- i ^ _ _ r^ a ^h CM 01 0J 04 CM CM CM 248 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •feiajxeq— jonpoad reiiui •}8aj— H}d8p i-Biojj ■199J— TflCfep HO OS 00 00 00 si g cat i o c ran^p eAoqe apn^t^V B9S MOpq opn;i^v pa^Bj^Quad ssamppu, 1 © nhoo HHHO 1 00 05 t- *f CM OOl-H 10HCNOHC0P5rtt>MM ONMOOCONrHCNtMCN i— lOl— IOt-HOi— 1 i-H i— IHH 00 CO O O 82 r r i CO o 1 N(DO>Of ONhiO t^OOOCOOiCOiOt^O COCOCO-cTlCO'^-'tf'COCO 8£3 TP CO-3< Olt-NacOONINt^OO CT>-*l^0Ct^t^l^C0CNlO00 CO^COCOCCCOCO^^^CO CO o COI- o 55 i CN CO iO •>*< CO iO o o CO CO a g •s-s o o -2 2,2 (NiHCNMHCNMHCNhMiH lllil'llillii' I'd o' , Tf i-l CO T-l ,CO CN • : § § § § >SS. o J3 o - #02 Ph :k O O tftf 3 S ^ cS fltg *-' m rr^ k^ /-s ^n iO 03 1000-* o t*. 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Oi CO Oi if3 00 t^ r* OO O) ■* CN CD 1 I O -i ri © rH r-l © '©©©©rH©©©, ©©©rHrH MN(NNO)N00rHN(Dn!OtDO>N'*00000 eo -^ -cp co ■'j' co co •**< co eo ■>»< -f ->»< rt< •* -a< co -^ -^ ■* CO CO CO "* CO ■<»» ■* ■* CO CO TfOU5HO)iOOOCOO«T|i ■WOt^OM(N'*c»rt(XION'JOJ( nO(OiOiON(NOCON - "ICOSDNOhOOO 1 CT> 00 © ) OS © O0 © < N CO Tf "-• CO .CNCO—ICNCO rH CN CO _i CN rH CN , aa 11 Pi Pi 333 :3333s ooo .ooooo 222 cs23333 ooo>-ooooo Pi pi pi cc Pi Pi « Pi tf 3 3 S3 o o Pi Pi flflfl OOO aaa ooo Pi Pi Pi a 5 3 3 o c P3Ph ^.a.s.s 03,0,0.0 J- o o o m Pi Pi Pi IHM I PI PI i O o aa 11 papH CN CO a pi o o .3.3 ^3 ,0,0 03,0 o o_>2 o Pi Pi 02 Pi o o , CO CO CNCO. pi s a ooo .333 oo oooooo > co co . to w to m to m ! pi pi 333333 o o o*d o o pipipi :pipi ,0,0,0, ooo PiPiPif 2 8 as o s 2 § §§; CD CN rH lO t> CO r-l CN CO a a a £ £ rS £ £ ooo fc ££ aT ttToT o oo a £a r3 ,3.3 ooo 3 3 3 a aa do d - ~ ^ £2 £ o o o o . CD CD ooo aa a ,3,3 r3 ooo 3 3 3 aa a ■a S <=> 5 O to I; a °£ £ o o CO " W W u v u^ O O OOWN n § si I Q Q ft ooo a a a 0 DiO ^05 05^05 OOIN ® 00 OS 00,05 CJOlOi o o>o O 03 ^ te- rn > *2 ifliCOOfflN »C r-H 10 ■*! 10 OiOCNti-00 lOOSiOtOiO WWOOhhOOOOi pa^j^etiad ssetupnix •jaa;— do; o; i^dea , i Oh • C3 O "*3 o CO rtOOMWOWOOOJXiOinM CO N 00 X O OOOMiONN© Nf lOXO^mf NNVlO f- 00 I ~ 00 00 OCcDOOCDOidO) Oi O 00 00 OS OS 03 OS 03 OS O Oi Oi 03 O 05 OS 03 OS OS O 03 OS OS OS CNCO a a o o d ri iwtf g g 3 3 O O o : :« 9 9 S3 O O' P3tf d d a 000 01 to m d a a tftftf N CO ■* IN CO CO ' c c d d o o .-/ T: R R 33 O C XC1 in in r r o o G3 O •/■. co -/• >— I os t- oo>» ^>%>%>^ >^ o3 03 » » © » ^ > te 42 4^ 43 jO 42 -5 t3 o 000 o o ^3 t3 ^ T3 t_ t_ J- s_, Cj c3 c3 c3 £ £ £ £ H WWW 3 3 a 3 ♦§ pq pq pq pa M •d -d o3 03 03 03 S 03 pafQfQfQ ft ft .j^.^j^j 000 0000 o * ^ 03 03 03 03 4=i rd,d 44 45^43 43 ^ £ PStftfP^ o 00 o 000 o 000 i-H N CO^lOC N O rHNCO CO t^. 00 BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 251 o3.o 05 ^ - • I ffioo^; ft C3 O c3 550 ft § M 03o3 CO 1 03,03 . ) r-- r- .03 IOC oo *— 00 j^OO OCO C co C £oO£ coCco ■*(CO CO O l~ t-» 00 OC 00 00 00 00 CO CO (M CO -'.NHTfNCO^^MHOCtCOi 00 oo tji t^ c~. ■ - re c- c x oi — . — o" :■: c. « o h l 0>0>0>0l0>01O0)OOO01OaO©O(5O01O0>0)O01O05OO CS CN 00 OJ 00 OS o> 00 00 — .3 •.£ o'Coo'Co xn m v m •B 5 5.5 5.3 o 2 2 2 2 2 2 'd o o o o o o w w o 00 CT> 00 6 6 6 6° £ £ £ & 55 1 1 1 1 "& CO CO CO CO ** o o 55 55 ,-H T N~ N £ £ ££3-3--^^ ^ ^ ^ 1° 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 "h pu W WHZ^cocococococo o o o 55 55 55 o 55 03 0) 03 "3 "3 "3 03 03 03 WWW ■8 ,2 03 PQ •2 -d .2 .2 £ tf o o i-l CM CO T PQ PQ PQ pQ pQ pQ 2 2 OO ri*i c ' 2 c ' o0 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2222222222 sa^^S a oo 005^0000000 ""cO -^ >0 Jh CM CO ^ 55 tONOdO)OrHNCO'*iO ooo o 222 2 ooo o HNCO -^ 252 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— ;onpojd i^prai •199J- q^dap \V)0 j, •^88j— q^dap no © o ^aaj— euBjd •^89J— I8A81 paiuxjatrad sseujpiqx •^89j— doi o; q^dea «L © i ■ I co*5 © >.2. ^06^ "3 ^ J§ 00 00 00 00 O 03 C3 03 03 550000 ft ( lOO^HOOOOO CO "O 00 t^ N 00 OS CO f Oi"*lOOJr^.-l.-ICO(M Tf ic r>- <© 'O5O500O300000000 i-H e^ co r-t co cm a : fl o o o o o .5 >>3 O C3.Q PhccPh OOOOh t^ CD t^ iO oooooooo f£00 OOtDiOIOiOOiOOOOOtONNt-iHtOONiJitOCOlSOO ooNotDnoo ,-1,-ii-ii-hOOOOOOt-iOOOi-hOOOOi-h©© 'lOT)>l0Ol0NINTtiMC<5m0K0N00(DTrNHM "~ lOO^VCOOHOiHTticOKSNlO ^NrtifflOOliOOOOO Ol U5 O 00 O ■* 115 HHHUJlJlNH OlONrfiOOCO - 55 »o >o eft cor^ 0000000000©00O5Oi0000Oi000000O>00CT>000d00O> .(NMHNC3H ,) "o "5 "q S o'o o oSIqIqS O cs3S 'd'O'doooooo'Oo'C'Oo^oo'd »- o o : : :tftftfp2E-ipd :# : :p5p3pc5pch :copsp5 CO O Oi o ■ 11} N ^ UJI iO o t~- CO ,-H o • ^ • • o o o ^ £ £ tt**}^ © ,2 .2 3.2 © © © "3 ft ft ftft'S'S'S © ft ft ftft© © © o o (N^H 55 55 o o 55 fc M M M o o 55 55 af aT ftft ftft a a £ £ a a © a> ft • C3 O S55 5° ©^ CO a a « a C3 C3 03 03 Wi M fc£ SI Q Q fa fa fefaOOQ t— oo 05 o hntohn O O O fafa £ BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 253 a & 'X. il :•§ "© © "3° CO Gas, 846 feet Gas, 848 feet Gas, 851 feet Gas, 848 feet Gas, 861 feet Gas, 847 feet Gas. 844 feet 1 c/T C3 II > OOOOOiOOO»« ooo o o io oo 35 o 3 35 OO CO iO 00 05 05 1 o ooooo -H 05 CO CM 00 i-H 05 00 05 05 00 01 1 3 OOONOCIMOON ■>*< iC iO -NrtN«MNO)INNNNNHNNO( lOOOOnOOOH Ot-H0005 Ot-HtH-H i-I t-H t-H i-H t-H ,-1 T-H ,-H H 1-H i-H ,-H O i-H T-H T-H t-H ^H i-H O H 1-H H i-( H i-H T-H T-H H< N*ON©iOiflOiONO>000)10 MtDWl'OOlH'VtOlHOCHHN ■^iT*(-Qi-0 O O o> ■^"* CO CO NOOOO»NOCO»Mnf300C<5INtONOMOO?3<*00!OONNMH®MNCO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOt^t^000500(Mt^OOOOt^cOt^Ot^t^-OOt^r^OOl^t^050500 cocococococococococococo^cocococococo-^cococococoeococoeocoeo NOCS00 'iO®iO<0 0>NiOOCD • H« • t-H lO OJ t-H NK3 • lO t-Ht-h -00 CO i-H CO r~ -0 tNffiOOOONOOHOHNOOONMHPSVlOOCN rfifrfiTj- H g oiXio r: »H o-c .s.s ,Q,Q O O Ph pi a., tf co P5 :Ph Pi MhC|)th flfiflf) OOOO w co w ai 3 s 3 3 IP-PhPh :phPh lO ifj lO lO I (ONNONCO 05 CO NOOlOh 00 MNcNinvocoaiooooco r~- oot^cct^co t— M « X C « C O ifl ic w to Cl'-Hco 6 o o- 1 lO- fc £ >> >> >> WV'O'^ •c ■£ t: tj g g >: "£.3.3 © o o o o o o o © QJ © QJ © ID *D r- p •» t-h NU3MNH CO CO 00 i-H CM f^ CO CO «« 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 o o o 6 o o o oo o o^^* fcfcfcfcfcfcTZ.fcfcsfa £ £££££ £ £££££££££66 SB SB 3 3, ,3 ,3 s s a .2.2.2.2.2.2.2-0-0 £ ,3 ,3 ,3 ,C ,3 ,£ ,3 © © g OOOOOOOPhPh o +J J 3 3 3 f^ (^ ^ ^ o3 © ©pqpQPQ © © as © © OOPhPhPh .to-d' • C3 C3 .-O-O' :wwc •d "O -o WWW dd WW £ 5 c3 OPhPhI O t-H OCOVlOtO t^ 00 05 i c3 csiSid (PmPhOO hNm^iocom TH T-H T-l T-H T-H T-H tH tWt-HINIM s-§a" CM >Q CO t^ 00 CN CN COlOCO^fCO oooo 00 00 00 00 00 NOOMiOOOiOM PI PI H fl o o o o CO CO CO co S S.S.S 2222° O O O CCJ pi g o o OOOOOOOO O O00 t- ■*mNcoiNh>c»h "ddooddod'-* d £ £ £ £ £ £ £ & d »o -cf CO CN O O o o ■^COtNi-H 666d H ' « M ° ° £ £ £ £ d d d<5 ^ pfcfcfc£fcb££p a dmmpqpQpqpQpocQO p flflrtfl o o o o— _, co co co co^ 3< -fc fc fctf OT - W ^W^£££o o od d tJOWjbXJ W) tS3 CO tS) N C B p^p^pEHpCH * ■= ^t3 ^ i^ n K p PI PI PI o o o o - s- c c c3 03 c3 03 ; coco co ; ; ; ;_co k 2 '£'£'£ 2 2 2 2 'He 2 o o o2222 ° «- * c 'd'd'Oooooc o o o ,53,2.2.5 2 C 2 2 2 22 c 3 c 2 o§SSoooo££ s ^ P^^pqpqpqpQC C oc c o a th m « tp io co n oo a — cmw* locoNcoa c CN co BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 255 1 X - c c c (- - 1 1 o- - I N- 1 a V 0: t- a r - - 1 ' :£ ! © -«2 !o .00 © ~© sag IP © CM 00 c3 C3 Oil from conglomerate . Quit in sand Gas, 938 feet Saltwater Gas, 920 feet Gas, 938 feet — t- c c c c C C «2 ■ 1 | - ! a. cu "O >— "ci ° « «» fcsg a O *JI s SS S§ |£2 >> ft i 00 010 > n 08 CM CO !0 00 1 10 OS 8 ! OS OS c OS -*l CM 00 00 CO OS OS OS 1- 00 10 CM CO 00 oc 00 lo » m t>. "3 h OS i~ cc co i—l O CO O i-3 CO O LO O O M M O C«c;C]i'. -■: i-Ci'^NS t-h OS O O O O O OOIOhOOI i-h^hOi-h^hO^hO OOOOt-hO O Tf« >-H OS rt rt N N e ro [- h N CO l^COIN-rcNcOCTNli-ICOCNt^ U1 N N M lO O) '-D CiJiflM^OOi i-Hi-ICOeOOOCOCOCO C*i -ti -*p CO 'V CO 10 OS0500CO^t O0 CNt^o>c»c»0) 00 OS TP 00O oo»coTio • CM CO CO -^ CO CO iO CO >0 CO OS • 00 00 00 os 00 os 00 00 00 00 00 • — — 1 ■s — PS re 5 c PS 1 M c p IE c PS co = V p IE - K c — pi CO PI c 05 x c PS i c P IE c PS c- i c IE c pS P | IE PS CO i c OS P IE c Pi c £ IE c PS > c- a 1 i — c CC § C IE: c PS : p , c K >.£ h QQP3 CO 1 r IE PS p c •/■ IS c Pn co PI c I IE PS c •fl i t/I p 1 PS CO i 8 IE PS CO § p c PS P c 2 CO i c c/" P IE c P c P IE y P IS - > a a. 1 I '- c PS !co : p =1 "Z 1 — c PS CO g p 1 PS i •r p c PS c c — c p i i - ! IC CO ' O CO ^H ^H NNClfflCOiH CO 1-H o o o k J " " ^Z^o 6 6 03 t» en ^ ' H ' H ^ ^ © o> o >j >-> >> «-/ C V, V. OOOPQ H pa tf P3 P? c 55 c§ I ■* CO Ifi CO 1-H i-l h wra CM1-1 -•_:-: 0000000. ts •d'd © ®©©®©3>>>i •53 *53-s ^i mxxxmXv © c§ cc=a S SSSSS fl ^ -^ © © © * ^ * * * ^^r4 o o 03 03 03 hrf 6 O'O'OOO^-; h-3 ^ ©^ ©^^^pTpT o o o o - 03 03 c3 C3 >1L o o c^ o o IS 15 3 o 13 IS OCOCi o C o w Pi si O PQ 2 2 IS IS o 00 o ;o O O O O O O w oooood P3 rtp4p4«p^O o o 000 OQ^ tJO W) "5) Ml "S) "So w o3 rt g a pj a g^w '? E fc e p P-i_ CC3 CCOCCOCCOOCjCom© M WWWWWPhPh O ^ CM CO rt< iO CO i-H CM o I o El 8 o ?»» rO O xnn^p eAoq^ gprvji^y ■WOlXI^OO-HiOOOtONrtt-OlOtONlOlONIMNMOlOlOOMCinOCINrH MOi»^00>MH(X)FH'JiiOiOO-t— iOOO>-ii— i>-ii-»>> o O O O .- - C3 c3 ^ 'd "-"-• O o o o fc 52; PI c o o pa pa C8 O 2^ 2 2 2 3 3 3 coo ,*> M M M co co co co .2 .2.2 ^ ^ I ^ ^ ^c] ^ c3 ^ ^ rt O 00 £ s ss OOO) o cn co 1 * BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 257 i EC X 3 c ' B cr f to >a CO 03 a CO as S S3 is a: 1 05 c s — O >0 | o o 3 1 o •a 1 1 12 ss >ooo o o 3 5 O CO 05 05 g — os 8 o PC c- 8 05 05 o ! - c- — C C cs 5 >0 35 (Mt^t^i0ii0>O«5Ot-lf0^C^i0O00OTfiC0i0C<)'«ti( iNNiOMNOOOiOOnNHVOOOiONO^tOMl iOC5^HOOi iO^HO^HOi-iO-HOT-iO-HOi-HOi-iO^-iO^HOO»-<0^-iO^-iOr-iO^HOi-HO^HOOOi-iOOOOO eo^iOM^^ec^MTrMTriM^cOTtiM^eo^w^eo^evsTrwTP-vevsrriMT^ccTfico^co^ tptoor ic -r z rrorciOLOio (50050000505000500050005 "fOOOOCT NTtiOtONOiOONWN' 00O500O500O500O500O500O500O500O5O50OO500O50OO500O5COO50OO500O5O5O500O5O5C5O5O5 o o o o 5? 53 53 53 53 55 53 P2 PQ CQ PQ 6 6 6 c 6 6 ea 6 d if g g . &■ 1 >> 03 03 O o O o O O o o O o o o O fen Eh Eh feH H H H "3 3 "3 "3 "5 ,0 A A A A 1/3 CO "3 "3 -3 .cj a * 5^ £ a s a a s B £ a s a £ a s s g a a a o C O rr '0 ■-o t- 00 _ N -n- '0 t>. 00 ^J w rri t» on c s —17 G 258 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spireq— jonpoid psiirai •J88j— to dap p^o j, laaj— q^dap po ■M c O i O o 188J— arrejd uinicp aAoqc apnipjv •}88J— J8A8[ •Gas A\ojaq apn^i^v •}88J— paiBj^auad ssau^ojqj, •?aaj— do} o; q^dsa a <» i i I a^a a~3 §3 © cd t- © cd.cb N»*V O5 00O5 00 ^00OiCT> OOOOojOOO £c» •-hi-hOO O iONO)HO*^HNNHOlJOOOO)H©OHroO>' lOOOO O t-C O *H © i-H © r^ O r-l©,-i©rH©^,-<©©Oi.-l©1 CO ^ ^" ^3* ^ "^ CO-*FCWo 0(Qciine4NN oo go ^«cii--rtacc i o OS © © © oc © oo © oo © oo© oo© oo © oo © oo oo© © © oo© oo © JO , CO H CO H CO H CO I-H CO i-H CO ryl . CO -^"O ^ ( _ oooooooooooo oooo coco co co cocococococococococococo co co co co as S >,S > 3.S.2.S.S.S.S.S.S.9.2.S : .S.S.S.S. cS,3 e8A. OQPS o o o © t~- t— © O I s-T tS o o 55 55 H Ol 1 * w oon to 6 do 6 do 6 Z 55 55 5555 55 55^ fc © © © cp a> CO CO CO CO CO "IB© E^cHEh^ SSS^aSSSSSS I 5 03 O 8* 3 A A jd fl A fl A .O^ A .Oxl jq A o O c PQ o o O O O OO OO O O O ,_, oj S3 ,_, ,_, CN lO cot^ 00 »o rH CN CO 3 o 03O.O 0,0,0,0 O - o CO O O OTJ CMCO- Pl PI o o 9 9 33" o o 9 9 33 c o a pi o o CO CO 9 9 33 o o :« : :« .CM : pi :k © •s ■-I fit >> i > c3 OS o 8 o § 1 <35 as"" g «£ CM a o ii ! j-S : •1 : Li 'd © ; pi,2 . £o i SB CO ft a CM CM CM o IC low uO a o rin o CO o CM aa I CO 9> 1 o CM-CO ^ ^ ^ CO ^ CO CO ^f ^ ^ CO CO CO CO CO ^ CO m t^-eo OlOH t»< rji io • . . • . . . . . • CM -"Ji -*> CO CO \ '. '. '. '. ', '. '. '. '. ""' "" ' M , " H t^OiCM -CO • 'NOOW'*'* Tfi CM i-H -CO • ■ CO i-H i-t rH i-l CM •O 'WiONCOOOCOOOWHN • • • CM . t*HZ HHrtNNMN • • CM -*CM • CM iflOOOiCOOiOiOOOOOOlOCOIN •V^OTtnOCOOM^MtOrONCOCNI ooo50ocjc»o>cx)050oa5cjooiooooo5 NiOOOlONiONNCNNOOiO N^C0CD0)-^00OO5 OOOCOCO^COlOONOOlCONOSCDQO -H^cO000000Oi-00a>C>CO O5C35O500O50000asO5O5CX)0000C»00C5> S! o CM TtiO PI Pi PI o o o CO CO CO Pi a a P3P5P5 C> I>OiOi CO (NWOOOOOCO I I ooo ooooo fc Jz; £ £ ££££ 5? » E 5? Z T3 T3 "o "o OOOOO fc » 5? tT j-T (-T S I I ® o » J ^ J o ooo s saa a Q) Q) O D CD ^ 5Z5 jz; a a a ^2 ^2 ^2 ,0 ^2 X2 <^ <{ > O O w fc 53 » a a a 000 « ^ ^ Eh B E^ 111 CO CS C3 B « B "d tJ *d © « © Ph Ph PS 00 f-i CM CO 1 111 P5 BfQffl © © © © Ph tfPJ.g rt< lOCON s a a 000 3 3 3 o 000000 3 333333 o 000000 o o 3 3 CO I>- 00 Ol O i-< CN CO 4 * 260 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •s^JiBq— pnpojd XB]%ui •ijeaj— TUdep pnoji •J88j— q^dep no CO 8 S g o ^. o o o I •^99j — Qwe\d ratuBp 8AoqB gpn^jy •189J— I8A8I ■bqs A\oj9q apn^rnv '}99J— pa^j^ongd ssgu^oiqj, 199J— do; o; q;d9Q[ p S— £ £ ® co .2? » > .2 «£ S£ 8 'WO • il« : •.do 1 " ;d<3,£ cs-C o : g >>.g ! s li 'd >»- 8 8 FH Q o c s 8 § § 8 § g 1 i c s OCT /■ - o> CO 00 OS c 5 OK CO --H 00 C 8S poos CT> r-l ,_, ,-1 ,-H ,-H O I I O i-H 1-H «H O 15? 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XJ ^2 & ,Q ^2 X2 xl^^x A ,d,C X X x:x X, X AX - XI hI t-1 J 1-3 J h-1 hJ OOOC O OC C c OC C C OO O O CO IQ CO t^ 00 o t- 1 CNCO^ ■o cor- cc Ot o»- CM CO iH CN re l« 276 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 ■sjaireq — ^onpcud papui •laaj—ircctep lino j, •}99i— mdap \)0 d oo cm 6 6 6 6 6 6 .-H CO 6^6 AAA Wicyotuo 2 2 2 ,d.d bjcfcx) aa 03 03 7ggug uu . , , , Moooooodddd d m d n CJ. 1 ^^ ,3, ,£1, ^ ,£* ^ .> ., ^ „ jadddndd^caosos a *■ *|MMMM *"' i fc £ p. w fcP=Hpt| fef* H 1-3 .S^^^^^^cjooo * C o o e a 03 c3 pq pq o 03 1 Ph • C3 O ■j3 o 02 .2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2 -2 ® ® 2 2 2 233 ^^ ^^.d^^l^lrf^^^^ C3 'O O "O OOP OO OOOOOOOOOOO PQ FQ PQ PQ CQ O i-( CN CO -^"5 CO i-H C<» CO Tf IC CD t^ 00 02 O i-H CM CO ■* lO CO BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 277 8-3 l-H Ol-HO aooooo C3.Q C3,Q coPhcoPh o o C3 03 S E « B ffl P>H h Ph =3 =3 4 >> >> >> sa -i 03 pq - « X — 3 ■sjajxeq — ^onpoad ibijtoi •}99j— T^dap ibjox •}99j— qidgp no 199J— QWS\d mn^Bp 9Aoq« gptm^y •199J— I9A8J ■B9S Aiopq gpn^jy •}99J— p9}EJ}9U9d SS9U5[0TqX •}99j— do; o; qjd9(i co«2« >.2« ££ c . 33 c 2fc CcO b8" A 2 "3 Oco § ® 3 3.0 O •3£°* b2 Q.SP h3 ■ NOONtOONOlrtOHlONO'fl'Oim iHffiWNH-NXNrCCOOSN'H > 1 -HOi-t>-t»-i©i-i©©OC , q.-iOOO><-i O *-« cc y: -l :: — C s s_ — ■ — ~ '-t x 3 cc — r- oot^oxci-i-r./t n c c r. o c m x COCO''3 CO " CO 71 ? ff) 71 .5 >>S '.5.2.3.3 r-HCC— HCO o o o o CO a O C3,Q SOO^ C3X2°^1§^^^^ C3 T)^oi'0 , Oo£o'Oo"ooooi CO ! CC t- Tf >o t- IN © f X O ■ O O O O O O00 c/T -. c/T co" co'wT co" co£^ ^ S O O © © » © * w ~ -ia500ooo< ■B9S Avopq aprimtv r^ oo io "jC z: OMCOMOOOC OHO00ON0)0>HNi c©oo-^tc>ootocc>r~coiOTjisocOTT O © 77 33 o CO lO CO OS lO -*f CO CM CN i-H >:>> - a q q pj s © © s « MM cs £ 55 £ £ £ £ W W ltd © © 03 © _ ,q ,q,q ,q .2 to .J2.J2 .^3 ,q .23 .2 BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 279 83 o > c GO O 03 5ZO c "O 55 ° °. «8"e8 55 55Oc0 <° .J ■ Oi'O +j -2 © Sg-2- Oi £ §05 © S- c ©_©. +3 +3 K O OT ~+3 co co 55 • Oco OC -S'CSi'd S3 o* o -£ -2 055055 P.P, E,' ,d,r5 C £h' &" £? <§.d <§« p fcJO MQ p p p O M O ^P ft CT-O 00 CO co cn ro lO NrtO O iO i-ir-io o CO CO ^H t^ CD 28 2cS C5 t- o coo ^O --..s C3.0 h o CO Pi .2 >:.H £2 C3X5 Pi CO Pi coPi 11 03 Oo J--0 O £5 O o-b tf : co Pi ggg io 3 3 ooei io "0 io io »o m io pq « Pi 55 55 55 OOO 55 £ £ 5 s i o o o i55£ 55 fgcT « ! 03 03 c3 as a OOO —A o 6 „ 5555 $ as ° © © OP o o ., £55 © cfd" o o3 o3»-» © © . OOO o o 5Z£ OOO . . . ^. vi w xr. 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S '^'c 53 a 03 03 03 C3 S 1 ss ^m ^ tJ k5 S W PC PQ PC ^ S£ H^h- Ks' K^ Hs" >> § ft 1 C3 o ■— O cq "8 o el 2 ft 03 1 be ►a i _c 2 c d c C o c d o c ft o 2 22 'S !E !a 2 22 ,3 ^3 ^ PC CO c o o o oo oo O O O CO TJ, IS O I> fl CIM i-ICN CO ^ IO ft • 03 O Sft a o . 33 © H H m <>ft ft a'i i* co 1 i lO BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 285 — - c - c a e X JZ r I "3 3 C3 2 a 'So x\ o a _o o rd c t-, PH -iOOiO^Hi-i>-iO»-iO'-iOi-iOi-iO^ 316 323 414 324 399 409 426 932 1,116 294 402 0!DNHOINNNTtOCCCaoOtDOO)1"HOO)0©OOHfflOCl»NO)0)NHXCN»:'KOOONH COCOTT'OOOCOCOCCM<^CO^CO^^OCOCOCO^CO^CO^CO^CO^COCrHOOO)(NCNHOOO> Nf-00 0OCO00O)'TfflN0C lOOHiflOWiCONOOOOOWfflHNlOifiNOOi'SCNHaiOOOOINCMNiSOCNL'; «01»nOOOKNCOfO©ONOO-.HNO©HOOONINa)HOmCNN©Tf«001'« oor~ooocor~cooooooocioooocooccooooooocco}oooooc»oooooocooooococoooo c c g X 'u PQ P HP © g S x PQ 1 c X e z r ;- DC C P c B '~ "C pc P c UP . ~ X\ £ ) c s 3 p f. p 6 PQ M c Hp a : £ c 5 p s .2 T pa 1 0. . t T PC c h: a J t pc -1- c tp J t pE c

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K^ t-l fc. «- i~ (~ . p?o o o o o geooo© rrj fc- fc. *- 5000 o Pt^ft P P e?££o bo bo g bo 1 i 1 a •6 a a a a a 3 3 3 O m m m fl g a 3 0J e s © •d •0 •d •d 1 k K a a a- 3 OQ 02 TO TO —19 G 290 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 • spire q— pnpoid repux %Qdi— q;dap rejoj, •J88J— qidap po ■ r-C Pi o t a: •J98j— eu^id ran:rep aAoq'B gpnmjv •}88J— I8A8I ■ess -Aiopq apnji^v pa^xianad ssanjpiqj, ■%Zdj— do; oj qidaa = o © c3 C"S 02££> ■*i -^r 1 as -^f o o I S, O O iO (NCDCOIN i Tf if lO O OC05fflOCX05 020rHCO ■Cd :c3 i C B O §1 o o o o .UOH00ClNONNin O^fl lOO Oi OC »C iO iO •"*> 00 hOOhhOOOOCO to W < H^rtO CM C5 Tf as -o r~ t~ io co co oot^oo®cf.inicN t^ •f o IO O X3 LO W U5 IO iO IO CO o lOO ooo OOOiOO N « IO tO ■* S OC M 00 o LO CO oo o OO 3££ MOOl CXI -p ^ 00 OOOiOlO ! CO C r: CC co -r CO •a re CM o 3 — SO IO o co HNNO)00>«iOOOOCOO©Om MiOiOCO»HNNONMr-IMHN'* WHOOiOMOOiOMOOiOiOiQN !»C*iOXrHOCOCOOO ■vNoioMHNecco OlONOliCOWW lOnooio^HO -*- CM !>. I>. t-.t^tOr-OOOTtiTl-h eo -"cr* (NiOOOONO^ONHS^XOOLltOOCOOO NNOXl-MNOOOOLCTHCUC'WHQONMfflH OOVOHOOOOOOJOlNOlN^OlWWOlOOH'* >H^^O)OCO , 1 1 iO CM IO CO 00 lO rj* • iO lO r- O iO o < H HHIN • (M i-H CM "* < > O CM iO lO o ■ O CM CO O "*r O CM O O iO O »0 CM O CO ICMMCCHih • Oi-(< oo O ec*' . . JCOlOlOHOHiOOOOVONlOONINONMMlOiJ'OOOOlO IO O i-H O -•t>'»M5*iO*iOOIlCVNOOMOC , lMOrOrrti-TNNHNL')H NNHH.. . 0>W*ffl!OMO)0>1"tOMCii.'3t»*TtiiOiQC(10iONO)VN»*M!0 -fOOOiOiOOOO NN OC lO bog © ©^ (-1 s-, " pee i o o i o o 'CM >/S >■ MMMPQ O-ou'C'S'O-hoO'C'hcO'O :§WScst>^pcw- Spq orT'2 • o "22 o P b.5!;© .►> • CD © fe-g M§pq :m :pqpq WS ■f CM O O CO iO O Tti co co i-H CN i-H ^H i-H ^H rt CM CO^fCOXtl iO IO C io 1310 13 ttJiOOiO S CM IO lO lO lO ■ViOiO lO iO 1^ O r-1 6 O O MN Oi HTfiOC £i(Zi!z; qq q 6666 o CO CO p »■ - js J. « •< -. H C C i •» I C i i- ■-"^•- ; «2 > . . E3 © © d cc ^3 O O c C OO Z OOOO c O "a c A C OOOO A CO 10 to X i-H CN CM CM (N- r~ B3S Avopq epnmiv ts x w o t^ c i- i- l- r. z x •-■: i> cm mn in cc tt - c. !•■ o m e tc r- « « n » KOONC-^-^CC/.l-C-C'.X-rL-L'.rNONCXICNPlNf.O ooHOCocTCCfcicNns^ccn^ioNocccoiOKioow •J99J— p9^BJi8U9d ssgu^orqj, OCT? SiSSS8sag5^SgSgSS8SSS3 e -5gjJ •^99;— doj oi mdacr ^^ ^v w3 ^, I>- IT5 T I u-; X X CM 00 •"r L.C X C ■ ■o^woei £ ° ©£ 2*9 o P< > © c a ■ o co.o.a :§.S .= .«= >> !mM ^ "C i •- n *o a s^ittu s c is •- ^ c shi^ :ero^- :capQmMnpQPQ«? co^ iceS^ : rn g © > 3 .© o 10 CM CO lO 6 6 6 CO £ ^ a « ^ -. - O C C G fl O O OcococO CO S£ I 8 Ch ft, ti to o o occc o ^ o o 0000 o a « n •3 « O O "2 co co O ~) cc ■*• BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 293 o o b o CO uO O O O O O O ' OOONMOOOOl cor^i-ic^occo c o (Ni-h" rlOCWMiOOOCCOiN'O'M NHOKNHirHrtfflLO 10K30)0>0!0"150)OON OONCt^HCON'^Oli.lMHOH' OcOtOi-CT.- IC0I^cNO.-.-: c - c. - x l: - - c t- c f. tNocfjMOcooojo COiOOCOtNcCWt^iOiOirj! .2 ° ° o o o o '3'3'3 T3 • 2 c ' 6*° CO* i un3 . (-. , O o • ° i fto ■ ft 1 ® > ►>. co ir ot K- * CJU * CJU *^ * CUU • si' .h ts -r"c3 -r .a •« t- t3 ™ 3.3*3 -cot:.-. "3 •3 3*3 c s o • O C3 _ . o q o 3 o -£2>2> •O'd'd g 3*3 >*3 o o c q q 0>*a o ".Enawa cnweccc :^£^£^ 3*C3 fa :W '« : • 'win ■ c c ^&^?c; ill ISsSlf*§:§.§:s:8 cr. ih cn n cc co o io ic c lo k; io v ■ 2 S 8 S8 m io io ic m >7 o o o O o^ 1 o Jfcfcfcfcfc,? 55 C O S O 51 « CS o> **§<&&&§<& & ggoooooW O ^■g ^ CN CN CN i-i i-i CO Oi X OOOOOOOO O O b£ be ho b£ tA bC bC bC bo . cocpchcc q » QQmmmmSm m 2 H-s h-J 1-^ H-s' >->' l-s' 1-9 1-j (-»' 55 fc 55 £ I^§ § M g§ § • m ,« * 5 3 s k, - ^ca CO Pi c O r « bio E .2.2 2 2 2 2 2 2 .2 2° 22 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 £'.2 £2 2 2 2£££££££ £ £ oooooooo o o ocooocoo o o lOtOrtNCO^riCiH CN CO ■ffCet^XOiOw CN CO 3 3 3 o o o £ £ £ £ £ 'S.Sf if if £ £ ooocefs-ja -oo o o CN CO u-5 Ot^ 00 O f-H E © 5 I .1 & o o.3 fca £ £s ,§ o o<: a C* — iCN CO 294 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjJBq— prtpojcl i^puj •;89j— mdsp p^oj, •loaj— q^dap no a • I-H PS o O 1 8 •^98]— 8UB^d ran} , ep 8AoqB aprnxiqy •J88J— \QAQ\ Avopq apnjiqy •}99J— pa^jiauod ssau^oxqj, !j88j— do; i i I jJ 5 o a> c3 fl « to<2 © >.2<£ I ft • b3 O 2* o . GO COMNINOHTtlO'l'rHMNl-ll^lOrHOOrHOfOllNtOINlOINNNNC.'fOI ^^CO^CO^CO^P5C<5CaCOOOC^}.N(OCfc'iOCOl^lOi-liCi-v^w^ OOO • O O -.'SOOO'OOO'OO fe. >>^ ££>■>( £ 55 £ £ £ 1-3 ^ 2 OQ I «8 PI fl fl a a o o o o o cfl OQ cc XII ou °a =3 •a °3 ■a CO c- D P o o O o o rC £ A $ JZ «4 «< < *d < BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 295 °£ «2fe.£ » teg a> £00 CcoCJ ;o cm t> c co o m o o CM t-i CO O (CiQMCC £8 COO ST. ^H Oi l~- 00 oo o> oo oo oo fOWM 00 OO 00 00 00 00 00 00 m oc oo io iOCNcomcOOO--HOmioi-tooocoo ifl'fl'OCOl' OOOOOt-OOOGGOi-hOcCi Tfco^^^-vSrococoin CM -V CO T CO • i Os co -*r -*r ^n oo -f | eo^f^P'«i""<3iTr , ^cO' oc a ■f'T <» l« CM 00 •'9' 00 O CM CM 00 CO CN CO i— I CM CM CNO^ON • CO 00 T IO CC IO • OS O OS < rtT^^H i-ii-Hi-l Hi-iriHrt N^Crt • -«3i CM CO CN CO CM • CN CO CN ( OONCNtOOCNlMMtflCNiOCflTHOOO •^t^M'Tnr-NinN-wc>0CN>O'*c<5t^ COCOO>COCOt>COCOCOt>COCOCOr~t>- lO O ON N 00 00 OOMCSNOJHOOOXT 000C00O00CO500CT>CO^ ONCDMl-OMOJ 00 00 ON CO C tO CO " ia co oo coo O m O > o o o o o ■d'd'd o o o w ^ — w w - w w 1-* o o fto o • o o o o o o o o o OOrtOO.'OOO.'OOO' M^^MM O^^i^ O^^^i CJ t_ ^ — . (-it-c3tHS-^c3>-itjJ-c3 SSS55 ftp, ftp. ft © a- « bO . 60 bT r^ b0 bX) bo bo 60 br. . bo bo cr, > bo . bo bj' ~ b/ •CP'P'P'P CCP cS^'P O'd'd 03 TJ t3 "C "C "C "C "ti'C'Co rt " c ^'S'Co "fi pqpqp^pQpq :mpc; ^im :pcm- pa o o o . ftftft • CD © © . bobobc . tiooo COtCti o 'C'd'd'd'd'C'C'C'c) pa : : : ipapapq : r-CN 2 2 § tx 60. 'O o cd'd pa : : pc pope ° 2 o ft tfc * ^•o o o Wpq : : 5 § ■f OS <* N t* r- r- n to io CO rH i-H 00 rji f- CO m f- t^coemio loco CO Ol T-l i-H i-H 1-1 o o o o o fc £ # £ fc 1? w wi rr M tt w w w p p p p p 03 c3 03 03 p p P § p 03 03 C3 03 .p ,p ■P ,P ,P o p p p 3 P pa ca PC PC - co co cm m §8 fc £ £ £ £ £ £ O O o ccooooo CM CO CO ' o o o o o CO ION CO o o o o o o p p o o ooooooo o po p cc ps pc pc pa pa pa pa g 888 8 o o c o o pa papapa pa &4 PM ft, pt! 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T> t3 T? 3 - £ T3 T? T5 ^ -^ -^ g'n'O'Cd'd'O'd'd • • • :pqcq : : :- ww^pq : : : : : ' 03* C3^ to 2 Mi o o £ £ 53 fe CO a a a a ,§ 44 M M M PQ rt c 'd -o '■£ * a C a P) Pi fl Pi PI d to to to to to to to to to t~ oc OJ _ -r 3 OJ 0 00020 CO o> CO 00 < 'ONiOOHOO iNMMC»t^t» I 00 OS o CM CO "* pq ! :pq SSpq'Sf fe. © > a> •d £ • o S i o Q< ^o^'O^'dooooo-^'dooooo 3 d .h •£ .3 '£ d t3 d TS d .55 T! d d d T) T3 : ;^pq^pg : : : : :Mfq : : : : : rji o O ^ "*> lO iO ^6 ^ odod d d ij) q) q} gj ^) qj qj q} q} PmCm Pm FmPhCmCm Cm Pm pq pi <» •d £d § £ coO pu Pm Pm o oooo o o 3 2222 2 2 o oooo o o o o I - A 35 O ^H CM CO -P CM CM CM CO CO CO CO CO BLATCHLETj TABLES OF WELL DATA. *~ u g§ 3§ si 0*f H ©8 02 £ :£ 0)'!fO)0> OHNONiOMHiO^OXNOiOiO NHO>MHOO)NCOOHHH005 C*» OS 05 ^ OS Oj t IOO< lOOiN HOHO«D«iOiO iMOKJO oooooioioo^oooip. 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Tbull. no. 22 •sxau'Bq— ^onpoad lejjini •}99J— md9p 1T3JO J, coO ta ^ 3 S? co WO •*aaj— mcfop no PQ •}99J — QWB\& ran^p gAoqe gpnmjv l O OS t^- 00 Ci OJ ■* oo ©> §£; •}98J— pa^BJ^9ti9d ssgu^orqj, i LO CD 00 O IMOOOOO( '^99J— do) 0% md9Q _ JOQO OOfflWOJOCOOO _ JO00 y-t -H TH O 0> CM O t* CD 00 lO T}i t~- Tf CO CM t^OOOi OCNCO^IO 00 Ci O 00 00 «>• 00 00 O CM CO Tjl ktfi 05 CO "«< M^ m ^ ^ 0) Mm I* OOOOOO^^S^O'O^ ^^^tjt^-chQo-s-" 2'no-- : : : : : :pq - mMhcq- m g o © c3 a© co.2 « >££ S£ 23 o a . a a a a CO CO CO CO CO _l ' ) • tH «£ ,— iooo>oiNiow OOlNOOlOO U5HHHO0100 i>. tji co 00 i>- as a- 00 H O rH CD 00 --Hasoooooo--H CO CM OS lO r^a OrtNCJOOHOOOOHK . »-l Tt< CC CO1OM1- CO CO lO i— IOSCOCOCNt-IOSCOiC iHOJO rt ' H ,-!,-. rHrt r«»H i-H riH : rt 1-1 T-*rt 7-< -91 00 co t^ a- COOS-HCNCNIMCOOOCOOOCOCN . t^^H ^H co >o 00 ^H lO t~- 00 lOr- I-- ■* 1- hoooiooohn ooocMcocooooasasi-iooT- . 00 10 co co as 00 00 OS i-H CC CCl 10 oc as co co co *>*< »o co 00 00 as © t-i co •>*< 00 00 as co »o 00 00 cm co 10 00 a ■ co 00 00 CO 00 "-■ HH CO iO CN OOOO ■ .10 CO iO lO O CN 10 CO co os 00 as '. c OUSlMOiOOONiOOOM^- .Ttitooc .CNOO CN lO O COIMCO c OM r*- »o c sss CO iO iO OCO O CM asjrj bi '-■ . Gas" irkw racey cClos cClos ridge do.. ~ m £i J: ^ s ^g>^ -c ■°,2 § O O 03 <*X} OOOOd d^'OoW'Ooo^ :-0 c3^Jn X) O O •nwo TdlSO .-1 "£, ^ 'O T3 t3 £3 rn -=3 .53 - £ "d .53 "C 'O TJ .33 .33 ••s^o •33-n-a •a^-o ffl eq 2 MB§« : :^ Mca : : : Ioq S W^SSfQ - WWm :- Mm : :WW :m :- WCQ« « : : o o CD CD fl a (3 ^3 ^3 A a ^5 ^3 CO CO CO CO O O O O O lO CO t^ 00 OS a -H CM S CM lO 326 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 T3 CD PI •i-H o o i Remarks. 1 8 1-1 a ft 5 SB co co^ C9 CD •spjiBq— pnpoad iBtjtui •?88j— mdap rejoj, * § IcM CO OS o •CO • CO •O .OS io s •^8j— qidap no COO CO-. ■ :^8 • ooo COCO *d § oq •?89J— 8UBld run^p 8Aoqi3 apn^iy iHHC0M"0O'0'*0010!0(N'*N'*(NHHHHH(NN!0NHO0)NHO01H0)N!0e •^88J— J8A8I B9S Avo^q epn^T^v 010>NNlOO'0intO C0Ol^0000C0C0C0OCMC0C0C0C0C0OC0"0r^-0000 pa^Bj^uad ssauipTqj, OOOC ~ S. /C""O-:ii. , ;i»OH00!0HO')"il l 0JM«(DOOClHWffl l>CO t-H !M .-1 -tfi i-H i-l CO CO .-H o : : t> o j > t. bfl , k^ P ho ^j^W) ^i' s ' s 'OoS'cJ^'OOOOOOOOOOOoj^'OOOOOOOOOOS^ n :S?Mm ::::::::: := Mm :::::::: :^WM Sur- face ele- va- tion— feet. ■ -HO CO 00 CO >-l CO O O O O O O CT> lO lO O *0 lO ""J 1 "^ "3 *3 g ea c c "c a c ; sz 'c g 1 l ' a •<3 C ) C ; jz 1 £ t c7 s a 5 c 1 & >> a 03 1 o '3 "3 I > 1 > Is 3 S > K - r Is Is ! ,£ n e i > n c : E < ft • 03 O C© l^ 00 OS O i-H oo C5CO o o o o - o o lOOO t- r- oo 8 CO oo CO 05 OM X) oo M •CO • oo •CO oo ->cH :- - SI t^ I- 00 CO — OOOiOtOiONMCDNC OOiOOOOiONOO*MH(C i-- o t~- a> oo co t~- a> t- en cc ■- ~ 00 t- O O CO O CO O CO iO ooo 00 C3 00 oo o> 000*OOiOOO(OiON«5 C»Cqt^OrtOOrH(NlOCO>010 M^OOOOONOOOOOOIMO) oc T-HOt-o CONNN oo oo r~ oo lUJINOlOMHKlOt^t^CqtOmNOJiOCOMHHNlOOl i oo iO CO CO CO >o 00 i I CO 00 Tf t*- CO t Oh-NOiacOlOi iC0f-0000c0C0^OC0CNOC0^0000C0^C0^00(NC0CN^C0-^— IO>i0^t— 00 CO tN i— ICOOO-^ft— o< - - • 00Ot>.CNC0C0t>.000>OC0t>.Ot-a>C0c0l>.C7Jl>-CT>C0l WOOMNOO!D(NU3lOOOO(DlOlOlOONOHONO .. jioooooHosrHior • •CTsr-CTSOOt^OTCTJCO-^OOl o o o o o o o o^Mt3 OOOOOOOO O-^'O ooo r T3 f O r O' r O r O f d , T3 r O.^.-H"£ r O r O r ^J r O r t3 r O , d r O , , .rH"£ r O'd f O' oo oo r- .-H CO-^^H i-H 0>o o r^ as oo oo o o ■* ^ IO •"CM iO lO lO VI 2 w w rS3 O 02 CO rf p i-i tc CB ir r-1 i-l CO .-H H ,-1 t- 1-1 c c C c O O c C O O o o o o o c £ IZ £ £ 2 tz fc !z fc fc £ £ fe £ iz t^ CO oc — i ■* ■* Tf ■* TJ1 «5 lO o o o o 3 33 3 o oo o 328 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •siaxieq— ;onpoid p^rai •;aaj— tndep p3}0 j, •;98j— mdap no o I 5- CO o •jaaj— atreid ratvpsp aAoq^ aprnmy 199J— I8A8I ■Gas Aopq epnijjiv pa^j^nad ssatupiqx 188J— doj o; mdaa •V (U I I I jj 5 o© c3 fl « da .5 • as t— 00 00 OS t- oi •^ -*i -r ■>»< Tt< 00 OS CO -r 00 < (M rt (M • ^3 T5 TJ t3 ^ x o o o o o g • O O O O O Ph . :£££££& iB '^OOOOOOC-^rt^^^rt^TJOcSr^'dOO u'O'tf'O'O'dfl'O.S-rt o t~- n oo n iflii oo to to o o i>- o> .H CM H (N £ £ fc £ 6 o o o o o o o o fc fc jz; fcfc O O O O C5 tn ra oo en tn bf) bX> bX) be bX) bC bXI bx> bCbJD ■a "c "c -c-e o o o oo 03 ■ Pi • •rt o 3 ,d ,3 OOP CO h io O O O O O r£) 3 3 3 33 *fi O O O OO pq CSCN '""' IB BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 529 - J. IC c- s- a ■r & DC -. ~ X l- ' s- i — a a — X s a s £ _ © CQ Z c X c c - CD O "c3 CO ■ a | c ■i "o8*oi X. X © "e3 ■3 o o 8 c c - O 83 X Salt water, 905 feet Salt water, 1,160 feet Saltwater, 1,325 feet Salt water, 1,435 feet © © © ' i ' CO O §1 feO o tt o 52 L1 o§ CO . CO o 00 o ■ 00 •CN ■ to 00 CO 1 s ~1 o CO CO CO 00 IO iO iO CO CD O iO CO o IO 8 CO CD CD »WMOOOM1«NOffl COCO-*rHOOINHNCOffl (MrHOOTflCOi-HOOt-CO'f'^ICO MNNMOMOMOTf OO N IN !D O H(00?30)NNiOHHHOHtDO O^J'^^3r^NT)<^OalO CO IO ^r* CN CO N^NLOOONOM(OHOOOO>*0 r-< CN CO iO 00 03 O 00 CO CO 00 O tH CO >0 ONOiOOOiOHWfflMfflOOH ~- C. D^ 03 *— i Tf OS O^ "^ CD t^" CD S l- r? 3L10CHMX1NOM (MMlCOrtMONOOOCi-l OiOWOOOOlNNH O CO O O (N iO 00 C f 3D O N ■ iO iO o o co ■ o MMiONCOHNrtrtH Tji M^fH XOHIN^iHlM ■ CO CD ^ CN CO -CO 00-> o "o 'o "o o *0 P5 OO CO (N N> IC> Hi-IOIC<3'fl''*ffl[.000)OH iO iO -* CO 00 <* U3 O lO i-O lO N K3 O ;ss°°sgg2^: iCiO lOiOiO"— ICO C) M IN O "H CD Tf t- N 00O » O s o- 03 fi BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 331 © CO "5.2 .2 «2oo _« •*- to £££ (OHHrtOO TTOIOCRIN be >* or CO g 3 Salt water, 852 feet Coal, 760 feet (lime cap) . . Coal, 770 feet (lime cap) . . Salt water, 1,400 feet c •m s- s •spjjBq— pnpoad ibtjttii ; ; Is /5 •199j— tftdap i«jox CD Oi i-H •^99J— pg^j^gugd ssgu^oiqj, o c ■5 C 3 < i 3 c 3 c 3 1 t 3 J i 5 c 1 ! 3 1 a o . 23 o 02 o cN is IS CO CO ? 332 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 i to • a : 3 : •c • o : a : 03 . ^ ■ c3 : -d • B : 3 • & : ; « ; •«2 PI : m . io p ! » '■St ;-c3^ • CO c f p r V a 1 - c- S : ^ ! 3 : ^ . .8 ; £ q o OS -a QQ CD o 1 o 08 ? DO Salt water, 1,850 feet. Well abandoned Salt water, 1,440 and 1,850 feet. Well abandoned. sjaxreq — jonpoad i^i^tui i en laaj— qidap reioj, CM ■ CM • CO • 1 OO 00 >o »0 03 io •oc<) O 'OS r-H t- • CO CO O -COCO cm • r- oo t- •OOJ •OS iO :S 8 • r-T Ccf •;aaj— mdep no 3 CO 00 iO CN CO ■ O CO Tfi lO O OO) • t>- CO O i-O CO CO CO • CO »0 •03 a 03 CQ •^aaj— au^id raniBp 8Aoqi3 apn^jy tO lO CO N M i— I .— 1 CO CO CO 000>C0rt0>'WMMHO)NNON lO tONO^O j-jrtt-r-lT-l OOOffiHOOCHOCMfflOON CO CO CO CO CO •* O^COO *S» CO CCNtOt^CDOO'*rtO)«5 rf< iflcOiOiOU) QiOiOO) lO tOtf)iO«OiOO>iOCO05iOa> 3 ■d-i' o o o o 22' N 1- c z c c 5 is it 2u 1 P ffi b 4 | i 5 i p b 1 H S E 02 o •8 3e •T5 ^t3 • o o o >> fe. 0) fe > o3 «h — i s- a g o 2 O ■ S> C fto ao .'-s c Sur- face ele- va- tion— feet. or- oo w CO CO CO Tf w CN CD CN t~- >0 i^ t^ oo r- t- U3 CO tO 1Q I e c a P a tu p c Sz s- c a 1 b p 5 c ; £ r t. a c > 6 a P CO O P P CD d © o 5? p s p d c p pq d o p 03 P 03 o pj PQ d >> I 'o "8 I o! M o3 03 03 ^ 3 ^ d O bX 2 o co r- oo os o ^h QQ 1* BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 333 © © ©-S © © 03 "^ >> © © © Tfi (3 10000 . ~ /d © -. ~ - £££-'£S •S.<^03c3c3 l 5 ^ ♦J c t- o o o o o edd ddd co CC 88 23 O O ffll^ MO « cooooococooooocooo iNIMNM ' CC Ci 00 CO rf CO HONHClTNfflflilOHNoiN: CC OOHCOMiON NNNNNNNNN rt 00 OO CO N ~ -t x r.^c^-TwioosXi-iooN ~cocpco-g-CT>t'-ir~l^or-es> CrsOCCNCCOCNOOMNMiOM COHNlHtCrHNMlHCO HIMrtNl O O O O O io so os ct> co cd t> r- as co »o t-- t— cji co co o >— i co *o co O CO t^ lO O CO P © bfi . J3 I s © o ! c3 o • : ft . d o ■-* ftd o •fi-d §13 go'C §.d pq ipaWcH^pamM Qdd 03 o O d o o 'C H d-d.d WPh :s ;^drd b T) t. t< 1- ■ S-l o o o o . o >. © © © £ © . p* b£ be b£,2 bo . 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Eh Eh CO w co 02 CO Tfi CI >-lr-ICM o O o 55 £ 55 Z^Z fl a ri pT d? pT 2 3 S C3 a ect d crt § 9 ^SS ,ri rt A -3,d,d o O cj o S d d a d d W pq pq pqpqpq w w 5= Waw o o o ooo _o _o _o_o _o _o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o _o o oo o oooooooooooooo Q O i-l MM ■* LOfflt^MOSOrHCNmtlCtOpNM 03 o o o o 3 3 32 o o oo .2.2 2.2.2 2 2 d d 2222222 o o OOOOOOO Q Q d d d d CD CD CD CD bC feCbX) M < «< d d d ooo 336 OIL FIELDS OF CRAAVFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •sjaixeq— lonpoad re^ini '%99l— q^dap ibjoj, •:paj— qjdap no ran^p 9Aoq , e oprumy •199}— ]8A8l ■eas Avojaq eprupjv •189J— paiBj^auad ssau^oiqj, ■^9j— do; o; mdaa 8 1,1 C3 O S2 -3 a o ^ o ££ Ph com -*J OS05tOW*0'*'<» l n<'*0)0>05020)OMOi ® O O OT3 O O O O *_, , rJ r d'd"Cd , d , d'd'd o . ftfe ft 5 o ft s s i io >re ■*< o o as U. it -d-d B S3 WW B B <<5 33 o o GO — '-' c3 © o o o £ £ £ ft ft ft o °66666 n e ftfffg~ffg . * , -, ^ c3 ^ c3 « O O C3 c3 C3 03 C3 o o o o o u" J S 3 3 3 S b b b o qhjkJvj^^ o oooooo o S 3 3 2 222 222 2 £ £ 3 o oooooo o r-c cn co co i~ i-h cn co ■* ire BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 337 5 «■ — co o 3 ^jj- — ■ — o dq a —I CO OO ~ -© S-. 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(_. fc. d d d o o o S C3 ,d CO g p* -d ,d CO CO C5 O lai 2 2 2 2 2 2 3'.332'.33 oooooo Ifc BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 341 - J 50 M EC r C5 <2 .' .' o ' • ° ! 1 <-H CO '• -«2 ; o ■<*< • *% ■' ►-? : ^ v- • ■j- C3 CD S3 o s .a CJ CD CO O 00 t~ -o cococococo-~rcococo C-l X COCO CO c o ri CO CO o >-o o CO CO CO — t- coco BO lO CO i-I •* ■J M M M M •o>o o co co T rococo LT» 'HMO -h Si iMfM CD CM 'M?5M O ■ O «0 i-h CO i -r lo t- 00 • CO CO CO -H X l~ t^ CD LO CO CO CO co o o t- CO CO CO CO DO OS CO CO CO CO CO r~-aoo LOX O § •a ro 5 I- i 5! ■- M i- ■ o co - t^— i CM i - 1 - CO — x cm cm — co — § o -o - - IS 2 >0 co cm lo co t>- CO '-0 lO — co — — c CO C"} lo ^r s 5 wcoujc oo^ i- C_ 2 -3 ° cococococococococococococococococovococo cocococococococococococo— co co co co co co co • fioNH»f[,3xz r- co ia co as x -o cn ae x — i © -r o-. o w — ■- r- x « — co -r ih x — t — ioooiohi-in •- x co cm CM lo lo co — i co ~r ~r — ■- — — oi co o >.o co x co lo lo i- •/. c u- l» c — '- CO CO CO — ' — ■ OC — ' CO CM — ' X —. — < ~J CO -O X r - CO i0 I - OC t - I - CO CO t- I- I- CM CM — CO CN CO H CO < COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOcCMcOCOCOCOCOXCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOlOCOCOX CO co~cococococococococo< r-) lo c O X t> ~ X lO c i c'^f c c :' c d d d d^ d c d d o'q o i c ioooo^^^S Sti^tooooo -S *° -S SSS gg X— iCOOOJCNCOCO t- -h-cOlOTCO C5 S5 CO tOI-t-t>[> CO OS CO CO LO lO C5 -J t^ l-XX-CN-NC COLOcOCftXCOtN COCO ccn cr ~ — C\) -h c>} CO T lO CO t^ X 0~. O pH h CN CO • oooocooco : : : d d ^ — — — — — ^- fe ^ odd ■g "3 M M cj: cx cx M cx u bye 222 5 o S IS S r S jE '£ S 2 ooc <* lo wi CM CO ^c- lo co t- X Ci hh CM CO C^ CM -M Iz 342 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AXD LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 03 o3 +i b. , 03 © > o u I ,gi CO S O si o --c •<& 8 to ! $ O to o to CO lO t?LO t- CM i-4 <© Tt< O iO •spiieq— pnpoad WW 1 ! •}88J— q^dsp I^JOJ, iO(005COM(0(OtO!OM '590J— qjdep no CM O 'OlOWiOOOOOlH t^O • Oi 00 CT> C7> i— I t^ C7> CO lO CO -iOajCNliO«5lOiJ0CO •198J — 8UBld xnn^p OAoqB epnipiy iCDCO>OOSiH' CO o o o CO co ■B8S A\oiaq 9prniiiv i O X * 'V i-l H N UJ rt o> !0 OCOMNOlOCONIN'VlO HrtHOinMHHHHOO CMO CO^f H00 •}88J— NTfOOOlONffl • CM CO OS CM CM il m i-i CM -!OMTP'0. 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U h S-. t-< r* C O O O O 5m ww w 32 © © •rt -3 ^ © © © © T3 1 T3 T3 "C >> >-. >> >> b s a c 02 O2C0 02 "e3 "e3 p c o o o o o Sid 3 3 3 2 2 <:ooc o o c_ OC .C © 348 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •s^jj'Bq— jonpoad retirai C3 c3=Ot^ - 22?3 >£, m w O C O co cc O ^22 •^88j— t^dap \*\o j, •;89j— ttfdep no tcm^p aAoqs apniijjv $ ifl h. !D n S T C i- O M M N N C lO IO M N H ir5 io Q o Ol t» t^ a N « anotonoir i — r ic — ■ r. a> ce c — PSN«ocr.-iNxcu:x(rjOiN •}99J— J8A81 cos Avojgq apn^piv OO»M00OHNL';i'OrtSHni!:OflrtMC««NM1'HHO( HHW^OOHNMLOQCrtNcOiOl •}99J— paiejiouad ssgiupnix liONlON fOMf ^ -r >o >- C — — *199j— doj o; qidaa; O CM O < O CM O CM CO irf c g o cd c3 G"£ co<2 « ^.2.2 03 O 2* A 9 A A J J J O o O o _ i" r. N N N T Li O S N 00-*- 00 l- OS OC CM X 3t>.T) CO CO CO CM 1-1 PS ^H CO i-i Ci CO CO CM i-l C 3 s . "H N !C IO U5 ul C N X iijiffliot^McDLlXta 30 CO O CI CO t- CO i-1 il i-1 — — C C. I CO — CM O © OJ O CM CNCCNS cNM-iJ: TCNCN^IN t^ O M CI Li /. C H CO HHNf HHPt^XHN«HLl LI V Ol M 1^ 0C-H —l CM CO IC1Lli-lr-IC>TCO-tf'00T-(CMCO< Li ■* O O *f li 35 Q co »*s t>»g >* n n n r? "^ CO "f CM t~- CO 6 6 6 6 6 HEEEE CD T3 T3 ffl CD CO CD i c c3 ccj c3 c3 fl c3 C3 OH > > > > >> > o o o o o O O CO o li CO r- X CO 350 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES. [bull. no. 22 ■siaxreq— ^onpojd i^iui •^88j— tftdapi^oi, •loaj— mdop no O +j o O I .9- CO 8 © o eg t $ o © "c3~c3~ I r-Trn" © © © ' ~ - .2«2<2 ! a; S cc o5 o >^^r 00 HHHCCO' x~x— c:cr. cnojco 18^2 NMf •-*< OHOOOMOOOOi O t>- GO OJ CO lO CD C c-i o o x ~j x — = t- lOOCOOi s-d 5! ^d si "5 S ° ° So 2 ■- 2 ° C 3-h 2 o c s« g s s« o G s o o o -^ c ft p.qii .'11 - : £ N CC X o o o o (O o >o CO 05 •r cc 5 ©°° rt o3^ ©'d "c3 O ££ OMtOO IO i— I t i-H i-C CO "O iC "O s. -c O M h O f IO I IO 1C O) CO O (O l •}88j— airejd ranjBp 8AoqB apnmiv CO >0 'O I- T -r W IO 00 CO iO © kfi HiOO«0>NiO*1"-w w. -~ -» -» -» - -. iv- w »•« -*• -^ ffliONU5»riOaCNiOO) X iO Ol N 'O IO a M O (O O) i*005 0JHCON»X« ' >0©C© > 1< >ri O ■— i i iC CO iri >o 5^ c3 o fl o O c3 o O — c o ft & * £ ~ oOoJoo'oio o ftrt o o ftd o . * §> 2 * * a| ► fto 55 0000 N NN CM CM 00 r- t^ CO -"J" CO CO CN CO © 7* ©CO f NH '3, 6 6 6 6 lO 00 • - >> >> >> >> O c3 C3 C3 03 mO O OO ( o © © 6 -- >^ :*; £ ££ (S IS S " so c c o w o o KW o o ££ C3 eJ tftf WW 03 O 33 © I- ', 3 . c c d 03 03 a fc 6 o o o o o o o o S-i t-, u o o *P2 d ,cc J= .d ,fl A A A B. j=l^ CQO OO o O o o O O o mm tB OO ©© tNCO CO t— OC (N CO"t< ir. CC t- BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 353 mo >© ^< IliS- CO CO CO CO - , OT >-■ o o wTc^wco j cJ CCO ci o3 oj o3 >o£ : :oooo S:3 03 c3©© O © co .OO 88 coco OH5 '00 t-© •© iO CI ' OS © © © lO s_ -a. y. seoosxHrt. (O H to ij( 01 iO ?5 O f f ' dOtOVMON'fON- O OOCOOM CO WNHOO LO I O BO DC GC 0^ CO 00 00 CO NIMNNHO^NOlCSOONCONiO MOOMlOOOtOCOLOOiOiOTfifflON cN'<* t^©COtOtO©cNtO©cMtO©©©©© * N (N tO M ^ to 1 - r - 1- to :o O00»0t0 0) 1; a- O e3 1 173 s_ S3 , o O C3 ) o ftrt IMmm O ° 03 O &a o P< .g-d O •-'CO ^cq : 73 o cq : :^e?cq c o o o^ : : :w fl o r-i <* ■ CP y S.fcJ-d £0 ■CO cq : mM o-d o •d'E-d '.CQ a o 3 3 >© -T CM© O©00< 1 co cm r^ t^ t^ t^ to ( 1 tO to •*»• ■* T ^1 tji • Tf "CflO ICO N t OOO O66666O OOOOO ££ £ KKKtttt £ ******* ' O O +i".+3"+3"+3 +»' Oj^GlCU&l&lO* ,d,d .E) .3 J J Si X3 3 3 3 co m to Eo to to 57 tJobi w> wi^ " fcio tiblo m m ,2.2,2,2,2,2,2 *CD '© *S © O O'J'J'S'S "3 773 7— 773 73 77h 7— 7774 jj _5 ^ j^h^i-} ,-) OOOOOOO *d .22 S3 773 >> Otf ►4o .Q.O. 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Z* < d :Sg ^•d r a .-C3 fio Aft ft tH lO ■* lO 00 CO M ffl -hNM U5 t C O N iO O M CO Tji lO C O O O O O t~ •V O t^ •* — i- z t c r. f « 1 1 c0wcoco-.£cococoeo< c -crc >~ l~ u- m oa iocoocococoocdp: oCNTfL'; O l-O CO CO O ifl to ifl N N l^ f 05 00 CM ■q~ ~ CO ro :c X O CM -r to ~ C5 O'Hi-lL-tOiO'HiOMClfCiC-l'n'Viffl'O HO0HrtMrttHHH(NTI>0O'9'H00H^XH — ■ '^O t^OOiOCMOOr^ NtONOO-HffltO^ C5 ci a> oi o o> cm io 06 co eo < d o Sg'g ftd O d£.* O O O O O O' . 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TfiOL-JtiOiOOlOiOiOiOlOiO HlOSlH l-H Jod OOOO >o>> CO* 02 CO* CO CO* K H CO* )-3 i-3 CO 03* 1-3 o o ££ 03 03 SS <0 CD 03 03 • • • CO •f * >' oooooooooooooo oc CO 6 6 Z2 a a OOOO 2323 OOOO oood 3322 .* .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 J3 A r^ £X ~ A -= — A r ooooooooo oooo oo t- 00 a> O ^ NMifinONXOiH CNcO-^uo CD !>• o o 22 ° ®222 c '222 , 222 2 £22222222222222 o ^oooooooooooooo lC^^cO'^ , 'Ocot^ooo50>-lCNco•<» , i-i CNCO 358 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjJBq— jonpojd I'eiirai •%QQ}— mdep p^oj, CI 03O c3' O C5 o E c3 O <2«2 O) 10 00 O c3 c3 c3 c3 c§ 03 OOOOOO 'WOViO 09 : - • Ol CT> Oi ]£Ci "g ww *"' co en" t/T T o c »oooa»ooc •^aaj— qjdep no •laaj— 9UBid umyep 3Aoqi3 apn^i^v •eas Avopq ©pr^i^y •aaaj— •}8aj— do? 0} qidaa a o o cs e3 02,2 © >.2£ SZ 53 o I" LT> CX -" 'T CO ~ — O '-T i.O O OO r-i -p x •- ".O CT oo o [^ N 1^ rf -r a w co oi N lo 00<*lO«!CLOCIN LO IN O lO •* ■* l t~ GO Oi Oi O O O^ OS O^ OS c^ T3 O O ca : : ■gs P to TJOOOOOOO O^t) ■g t3 t3 TJ t3 -d *d *C -O .fa •£ pq ::;:::: :Mpq tJoooooooo pq ::::::: : S8 00 GO l~ CO t^ 1^ I ■ 00 t- tc to tc ' tP lO iC U5 lO >0 iC ' Nrtcc.««rtrtr-i ; ; ; -c^co © — © £ °c ^ ii^S°m^.'^^-6 6 6 6 6666666***°°.' 2~2~.2~.2 2~.2.2~.2 - t^t^ t^ tZ.£££tZ£±r' r ^ ^ g gS33«S3ss r . krb J S S 3 '5 '5 3 '8 "8 '3 '3 9 ? r * ? ooooocoo , £ ^fnfufufupufufafu £ £ £ ^ £ £ ^ ddddddddddd 3 32.SP.Sf.Sf.SP.£f.Sf.SP.£f322S2S 3 23323333333 o oomcameocQcapQcQCOoooo o ooooooooooo iOSMXiCOhNM' >.T 5C X 3 BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL. DATA. 359 "So © ^ 7i 09 c3 w O ©So © © .-,-©< c3"-0 iMO »V1 I" >*" -3J5- ■ C3 c^ ! co c3 i OC o :o? i-h o 3 cm w o o x x ?:5 §2 O EC r. ~ — © *0 © © © © © © . © © • in oo • cm oo ■Tto co io x co co co t^ to ■ lo — ■ © to 00 LO I- CO CO O CM -H lO IO © © CO CO CN CM 00 CO X i-0 © T © © — © © © "5 © ■^COCO^CNTfiLOCOCNTPCOCNCO t-~ i-O CO © LO t^ t~ © © © LO CN LO O 0C LO LO CM © X © © X CO 1^- i-t CO CO CN IC LO CO CO a> i-H CO -H" CM CN CO T t~ "»> t~ CN CO, i- ic co os © 'O io — _ ,- -y .- t , x © © © © © © LO 992 975 975 1,300 1,579 IO CO i-O © CN O © © CO © iO lO -r io co co ~ © co i- x re co io © tji ©©©coio©©© L oo2©©>-o CN LO •*r oo © lO '0 i-O lO — - — © © t^ CM CO © CO L0 CM — LO iO — © t^ ©- CM .0 i-O CO CO — CO I - © CM CO © CO 1- t~ C- CN LO OJ © — < © © © LO Oi © CO LO © © OS IO © © LO © © "5 © LO LOj I o c£ : : :W 3-c 73 o 3 o 2£ >a c ffl : ■d r •o j- ° 2 o & > © !> be -Wd O ^Icq : - M -3 o PQ O.M "3.3 bd S o o o O ft 9^ Jr do° 3 O ft t3 i- .-a o o , o o ft • o CO t • »^ 0O • (-• ^* bO ■ • *" &/'•"" pq : :wcq :pq^pQ : :W« :w 91 * jc~ c C ft o CD i- © © i- © © t)< LO LO lO i-O — — l — i -HO lO LO IO LO LO oo o © r^ r^ i © O O OO 00 : OOOOO C o o ZZ rH CM w* 6 6 6 TJ« -H -H CO 6 6 6c ZZ J? ^^ 53 S5 55 53 T3T3'0'0'0 -O "OS 3 3S3 3 3 33 OOOOO O OO E^E-HEHft 3 3 o o OO 2 22 2 2 3 33 3 3^ o o o o o,* o o 6 6 6 6 oododco' Z 53 53 53 ZZZZZZZ t^ft HEh FH ft3^ 3 3 c 3 3 3 3 3 3 3- 3 3 fl 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 © © © © © © © © © © O - O O bo bo 3 3 3 3 cB cB © © o o o o oodoooo O O O O OOOOOOO bfi bO bO bC b0bCb0b0b,)bCbjC .S .S £ .S .9.S.9.S-9.S 9 'S 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 CB C3 cB cB cBcBcEc3cE©cB © © © © ©©©©©© o pj « « tf rttftftftftfsj c3 c3 c3 c3 c3c3o3c3c3c3c3j 2 2 2 2 2 ° 33233 3 OOOOO o tN CO -^ lO © I- 2.2 33 oc 2.2 oo o o_o o o o o 3 32 3 33 3 o oo o oo o LO © t^ 00 2 S ^ 33 3 B3S33S33333- ©© © q^c}©©©©©©©© ®l- o o o o o o o ooooooo - CNCO -V LO©I>-00O5©^CNCO-« , LO>. 3G0 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjiBq— jonpoad veijiui "IW}— qjdap ib jo j, •J88J— qjdap po J89;— QWB\d ranjep 8AoqB apnji^y •J88J — I8A-9J ■bos Avopq apnjijjv •J88J— pajBJjauad ssaujpiq,!, •J99J— do; oj qjdaci ; P : a '.S • +j •.t^ .+3 © -w • P : p ..J • P 09 ;o- :c 09 5 io 1 oc o © ■«2 4J -t- +- ! a +- • © ; © 8 co *_ .' © i is 09 Si !o © 09 © © Hrt(NcC . ico^f . 1-H OS O" ana., s, 917 twat s, 1,55 ~ CT ' o CO CO O \ T ~ l I 1-1 ; rH 1-1 I" -1 '-' rtrH ~ • t~- CNt CO lO i-H ■* •OO0C •CM CM i- (^ ■ lO TP TP >0 -r Os 0-> Oj Oj O •looo' OS io — • lO lO lO OS I' - ' '. "^ '. r ~' 1-1 '.'-' 1-1 1-1 10 rocs ir OOttC CO 00 co i-H os r- i^ 00 <-l 00 CO lO CO CO ONT Orp OTTO COCO o ■* O tji OOOOOO-tfOC O l>- -*P O O -f i-o-H r- '~ H Hrirtrt '" ^H 1-H i- 1-1 *■* •"■* rt H '-*'-• lOCDOlC C^tN NO)i-IMCON"0'OCON T*^0<* *o -VC^ - 1 ^ - 1 rt ^ - 1 rt 00r^^C0"O'J0 00NO00t^ O ">r CO TH OS CN •f CO O>0>05 0" OS iO aooiosooi'-oaoaiio OS CM iO OS OS »0 OS iO OS iO OS 1—1 rH 1-1 r-liH 1-1 1-1 "■"' o p. fe © .CM . Boooo ° , £'^ ° ° O C3 o <=> • O ftfl Oft • o © 03 fe © • fe Uri •* W) . >> -°ft CJ[) . pq : : : :m pq : : : : :Moq : :M paraWpo :M pqM pqMpq -0 o o 2 2 s 3 o o o o ^ 00 CO i-H OS ^ i-l ■"^'-'oo 6 66 6 6 dofcfc 55 5?!z; J5 SS 3 22 2 ^ T) "3 T3 3 "5"3 .££.5? .£f ,£f.£f .£? OOO^icP CD 0903 09 OOOh-li-q ^ tiA A 6 6 n X & 6 6 * >;^ » M M ^ 3 'e '3 o o ^ h-1 O O 55 55 2" 2" 3 3 o o o o a p p p p p ca -. TsOKCTtOOO'J'KC'J 05 si ~ '_: ~ ~ ■ — — ~ 'S. -r — ■■ lo CD O Si SI O O* ^■^OcOCOCO^rHCOi^COCOCOCO^^COCOCO^OCOCO'^CO'^OOTrC^T-HeO'^OOCOCO^O tCSO! 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O ' IT'O 03 o bJD_S I s cu O l> <» ° r> o P> o o o o ,_, j d o ^'^ O O O O O &S O' wpQJ2^!§5^aMeQ5^aSa5Si25 :5555SwpQS3a5 :«> t>> >> >> >d ■d s 2 ,C 2 H Wl bfl too b£ c o © O O A hh* h3 1-3 «l < ►3 Eh Eh tri ! o ; ; 6 •ft t- CO ft o o ftZ ^ft ^ © _g .s ° ©h^ "3 "3 hh 1 © . -S .3 CEh Q O Eh ft £ -s s-e -a c>C tab 'S'S £ ftftd £** o • o o o o o co 2 © ©2 O OO O O O OO OOC CO ^ LO ^ 362 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •siaij^q— lonpoad ^pui •ijaaj— ifldap pnoj, •jaaj— mdap po •}88J— 8UB{d xnnjBp aAoqu aprvjpjv •^88J— I8A8I eas A\ojaq apmi^v pa^nauad ssaujpiqj, •^aaj— do^ o% qidaa; ^S'o > 2. : a 6O10 60 .3 ^.g c3 c3 s-i c3 t-i OOOOQ Oi O N l> ■* to ■* CO 'O CO »o CO CO ■V i-l l!5 00 O (N CO OhiOOMNW h©NO acoHONcq co co co i- CO CO CO l~ CN CO o'o o w , 9< P » 9 P ^ 60 ^ 60 rt P ©-.2 bO • !> 60 J> . fq M pq pq E4 F-t S pq :^JgM iOO o 22£ P ".CO UJiOiOiO IO io io lO OOOOOO i-H OS O O OS IO o o o o ooiowio CO -tfi CO CO CO OS >C «5 iO IO 2 s ft o 60p T3-^ o o o '£ •« ^ T3 X3 pSw : : : 8 £ M<*U5NOlflHlN OHOlOOMON tOcCCTtiOVM C*HOH^OH 5< ■ CO CO OS O CO T CN . -<*i CO CO CN CO CO CO CO >C T i-O >C OS 00 CO > bop © who! ! - , ; r l - ~ lOiOSCCB O wlc o 0> O © © ©"3 § .C .£3.3 3 * £ o o .t3C3 a a" a s © o pq pq £ ££, o o o a- a a-: *: ^-: * 22Soooo o © o o tT sS «-T tT «-T rj^rj* © ©© © «««£ a gg a ddd£ £ ££ Z ft • C?0 33 o a a o o o o Ifc o o o o o o oo 60 60 60 60 Srtflrt-S .3 SB _ ©©©©q s ■„ c 60 60 60 60 60 60cfl «3 CG CG -4 -4 "X Ol O <— I I BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 363 4- a c c w "3 1 j ■r ,C & g! © •2 o lO c/T 03 O Quit in sand Gas, 1,542 feet Gas, 1,526 feet Gas, 1,545 feet <2 o LO LO m 03 O o © f. -d PI d t-l © '3 w S8£ NhO o s§ cm-* m o 0)O'OHt»OO00NU5«!OHOCC0:'>Cl^CO ' , MC5'*mcOCOWoncOCOf<3Mmv*'« , OWC001'!fMCOHO^INNHOOO^OMCOC3>'*«l -tfi r-H LO r-H O CO - MC0L0'30Tf'BH*O*tl-/.XC:XiNC(0NNHroNHONTI<(D^Nt0Nl900CR'*0001N00 O O O 00 O 00 O 00 © C H'O O W O O O LO h O C O C » 3 / ~ 0C O O O Gl -P 0"> CM C- CC >— i I f — < CO "/ ff- !C O * N Ol r-Hr-Hr-lTPr-ITCHrH-tfl ^OhhOhhhhu'3HhhhhhOOO'*hhl'50hhm^oNN»'*'*^0'*hhioO J^ONNUJffiiOcOOaO • TficOLOOOcOcOr^CNr- iHWHTfrtlNNIMONN • CO * , *M»M©MMiO«000>CT'*inrtCDOOO locomoimojioo) o^o«io^^u5ioo)^oo©^®"o^ocsio^csioiocDNaiiotoN^()o©o)ino>iocD© CO LO OCNTUJHCDOOQIOO OOCdCdlOCJiLOCDCClLOCD £££ o'go'go ftoftoft © Si a> ►> © r-H > O oo r~ o >-h co CO CO^CK Tf z K < < 6 f— ( rrH CO ■* ran^p aAoqB gpnmiy •^89J— I8A9{ O MO bos Avojgq epn^jy ^rtrt- CNCNOO •%wi— COH 9 pg^Jigugd ssampiqj. CD O CN •^88j— do; oi md8(i iO CO CO CQ rl ,-(.-( CD rHC in a r i3T)Ti & o o o £££ ££.£ WWW iL .o © I ft • o . 33 © CO Tti - ZTjO © o II 5 O +» +j s O CO §2 C<«eNt--COt^OCM-^< CM ■<*< t^ CO © • fa. s* w >rt . u flirt S-. rt'rt'rj O 03 5 . O C3 5 O 03 5^ ftPl 0,-ftfloftPlOO S^g j>?o ftfl O^ ft CD c3 !* o ® !"uiri ■ go . < fto t-TJ.S'rt £.5 02 :W :m^ o o ££ 'd-d o o o o 5 5 a. ^ o o © © c3"rt &6h 6 6 ££ a" a c3 e3 o o o o PmPh 3 a o o oo o o o ©O © SP q.9 1-1 o o ll-S o a J ■fl.fi OO 366 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 SS.S •si9JiBq— jonpcud leprai •%ddi— qjdap 1^03, •198j— mdap \\Q •;aaj — atrejd run^p 8AoqB apniptv •^88J— \ZA9\ ■eas A\opq optvjruv pa^j^uad ssau^oiqj, •^88j— do% o% mdza S£ o . 13 o O O O O iC o 2'/!O00 CNkCO i- iO — I t POO -H CO CO >o CO l> X to X ooj>o o io * io o w NTfNNOO) >a io o (o to ic * J; Cj JJ Ci ?i OtONINCBCR rH © t^ W5 JH M OtO»CiOiO f ONtOCOOilNrt ONCOCCN-ifTjit-, ooooooo-* s§ toiOMNioiwNoiiHoortNairHMN^Hocioaia! — WCOCOCOOt>iO»0'-OCOCOlOcO>-OC'OCOr^OC<— ICOCC-* ■OOtO'fNHOOcS irtiiOh-COiONOOrtCSfJOJOO^aiNXOsaNiOHOi iMtOfOCOCOOtTfTtitOMTrc^^otOINHOOtOMfO '00O'3"^iO>-HTtiOOoOO-<»-i>-iOOOi0 ,_r i-Ti-T ,-?,_;' .-r.-r.-r ^-r r H , T-Tr-r»-?^ri-r^-rr-r OOOOMOtOMOiH OOOC'OSOIOSOJOJ'O iflOHOWOOOiSMaNfMOONiOOONMXOOli MOMfWHOSMHNfH'NNHMNOOtDiOHi oi co >o o a >o io oi >o io >o io m O) >fl "3 io fl io m ^^^ • T 1 ^ T* ^ +j T* ^ • 13x3 J='Ot3i3'C)t3 J-TJ'CJ'd oosooooojooo afloft •ooaoooooftooo ^ o ■n-d- cq : O ftfl O Ph •OOP ' co io oo l oo oo oo CO ■** lO t~ CO Q> 00 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ssaass a~ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Q-i Ph Ph Pli PU Put Ph IN to iO< o o o o o o o o o g ., ., -, » - o CD CD CD CD CD O O O O OO ° CO o o o ■ 55 5? 5? p«PhPhQ +a ° Mi C3 O 53 «2-J<£ ^8- ©Vo ©^ 5-1 co O C3 550 >2 <2 OiO c3 dWo llll ft p p co oi CA — >- ■ «MO^O!OCOrt I <£> CO i CN r^ i-O CM t^ CO C-J rH O O N i- OCC13-- §8! 1— i X o 2 N £\ 3g o SO t^ iO SO SO lO iSO^COlM i-~ co so u-t tj. io 33S O u- so '- C: Sj 5 ► M : :mt 2 O,© S£ 23 o 02 05 <» JT' '/J o£ CO -H Tt< i-H CO uNOJ^H I CO CM CM 00 ^H CO C iflOMOO NffiOOOKJOM OO^^r-lO -* 1 f- O 00 CO 00 t— TP OS 'f lO 00 O HlOO*lOClCOlO *tf c3^' !t3 O cqcoWcq : : o3 (=1 fa.flT5 fa -T3 fa Qt3 ftrt Oft 'OftflO oq W(S«23wm5 OO^ coH c3 i-i OQ i tO CO »C iO o OiOCSiOiOO t- t~- C3> CO >0 t>- C'C'tf S-fa£ pq : :mMtc 2S2 CO •fl* CO 82£ CO "3 CO (-1 c$ c c c ^~ fe £ £ 1? ^ooo 5 •d o T5 O O o o o o * £ 41 * ^ ^ 05 © CD M M M M 3233 a s a S ££££ o O fc fe d fi o C M ts 9 B fl jq o o MWpqW > A O O ce 38K 2§ r~cot^co-^0«H00ONXONXwwi Oico-^ , cO'-iO"icO'^ (M "-(O5I>lC- , 3'CO Od«CSrtrtO"O0C^M Oiotoommtoooocieo O'« l OL-?;CCSCNL';N£aM.0MNrt •* -h o CO i-O — X O N >C CO -h lo CO -h uo CO CM CO CT> CO iO CO t-« OJ CO uo CO t^ uO -X t-- LO CO t- u? CO t— © ■<* O kg lOOOi _ OC lO CO COlOCOCO-^t"90 C3 o ^ &a o - r _ ~1 S £3 I &I s a P5CQ •a 2 o - n 5-s. 2^-a 2 «.a go.S So ^ o .ax) a : 55 i'gS o a • O ft C3 5 a c 2? Wps^Wpq : '.pcWehS oaco r^ oo oioowc .- 05 IT C "5 t ■* ■OOt^OO OOOONffflOOOM c3 O a o 'CO 3 o o O O' mm -5 >> a es Sec 3 C3 OOVlOMiOlOOMO>OINM!OiOONO")0 nMsanto^mMooowTtioNOTjioio >o«5io>-Hioo>ofooooa5i^'<*< )C5 OINHH'*® (Mi-HrH SOVjOtOOOiCMOONOOHiflONOOifl :(DNNcOONlOOXMNlONMOCONlOa DOJ'HCOiOt-OOOiOiHCOlOlOt^OicO'ONlON a o a cq :ggpQMpQ : : iroccMMSwrnMSMS B^t? kL"S Bts J-d J sJISlllllgf 8 BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 371 03 03 -i ooin ioo>oiaHM«ioooa«)»ioMot>NoooN OO^m C0Nt-(OO5iO00«5-HNOsmtNCO00O5«IN(»tOMh- hOO NCONrtOXOMHiOHi-iiOMi-iMMHHOltOCOH oom co-^m lOOiOmOlNMOOONNMiOCOiCMMOOO (OCONMO^HCOOMOONfOiHOCONNI'IN t^.-KNcomoo.-icocicocooi<-icort.-icocoinoOT-i i cc* 1 in oo. "OOMHOHMH MIOM m co oo en i-h .-h co as >-i co iMOOl omom2©0)OflMOi0001coini>ooocoino5inmo500cNcoin o >n o • o o m o momminooco'-HOoooocooooocoooooo Ot»CON*NU)NCOt"*0'-lNl0^tOHiONW>0 cNincor-oiiMinc^'^'t^o-Tticor^inint^oooicNint^ mo co m t>- H tf . o o « .2 .S 8 ► P m pa ft ^j 60 60 60 > ft «5 ■^ -< w a - _,- T ■S 60 a CI a n s 9 H £ fc £ 372 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spuBq— jonpoad fei^ni •188j— mdap i^oj. •;88j— mdap no 189J— 9ITBld umjcp OAoqB 8pn;i^iy p8^BJi8U8d ssau^oiqx •;88j— do^ oj mdacE B a ft • § . 2dS 03 ON =§3 8 rOCQO t- l~ >*lflNOOHHHMir,OCi 'S^SSjS ^O'COOiqio MNOioioooioicoonooooicoio'ot-Oi •^ y CiOI-O^I fM^OOOCOMMN-^^NCDOtCNOC'TtiXCBfC^i io c i- o n lo o ci'oaoNiooj'OOJioiONxoiOi'-iNmioiONOii 1 •_& 2 & <=> o J72 fta o A got d-*d O o © fto & © te " bfl ^ -d £d j-'d w o © o ° o fl o fto fto © t> © I *££,£ w > w * w ■> ^ &- ^f (^ • w ■ ■ ■ •d^-o cg^d^d^o-dooo 'C •-" 'C d 3 -Jh °n •-< 'G •-< "d '£ "d *d 'd cq^cq :cQMm^m^ :« : : : | CO CO 3 03 c3 SCO T2 © © -js § * * CO C^ ^ •*-=• -4-3 ,5 © 02 '-.« ® 5 © eS ■5J II' .S.JH CO CO (NcoiC* lO CO t^- iO OOiM lO >o lO as o cr- CO Tl* T-t r-uo uo co -v co to CO t~ lO lO »o rtG;0rt rtrtNT)iN00O CO0C— H3O0COOO00N i^ t— i^ cn i, i - cn i - cn co cc co l> "O t— CO s ~1 ~ S ~S- ~ O C*- "OCOLOCOOcO-^CN^HCOOCO OiciOio or co io o r~ t^ i. OiON-taot^oOHi Olt^-^CO^COOCOTTiCOi CtDrf CO'OJ ■* rfi • OO^CfcCnOSGOcOOOCNO CO^HOO'*fCft*-H0)tHl000O««iHl0rt lOWiOiONNiOOCOWI^ odiNoccoNc;-/:- lOt'OHecH^aoi-iM 00 00 rt lO in CO CN CO or >— i o — h cn c. ~. x <#»Ohe5 COO OOCOOOOINCOOO r^io>— laocoiOcocN^-fio OOOiOOOiOOOOTFTj<-*f< lOt^iOCO^OCN-^COCOCNcO M»OMiOO!C0lOCONlO6iO LO lO 00 N lO co -* oo "i -*r r-* -*r t — iCNCN 35 CN lO lO CJ 10K5U5 OOOOt^NOiOC -tiCO^iCNCOCOCOCOl ©NuOCOMnoOCCi CN CO O O O C3 © © © cS SXJSjOSjO^ o -d-Cd' :~" fta © C3 fa * ft fl o ■ -^ o ft ■ o CO CO M Eh S M PQ w W H § flfiooft © c3 fe te: © pspaWWpa X o o .fa-OT3 W : : NOW CN CO CO c 7 CN c c i-H CN 6 c 1-H CO 6 C c 2 c c c y c c IC cc — M CN c CO c 7 i OSS O O CO co © © CO CO CO CO z rt a o o IS ES CO co Ph 3 3 S ^ u CJ CJ G O o o o fc ^^ 55 CO 222 CO © © tX) tJO so Si O o o a « PStf PS So OO o . . PS « a £ £ a s g g^^ H W W W W II ^ -i 4 4 £ S-c B 3 3 3 3 mca m a m m w ©O H IN M * U3 p 1 1 1 1 .2 ■O O O t- E 3S 5 g ^^3 - mvi OD CC oo C 374 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 'sjaxreq— ;onpoid i^ui •188J— qidap ibjo j, •188J— q^dap no ran}i3p 8AoqB apnitqy •}88J— \QAd\ ■B9S Avopq apniniv pa^Jieuad sseu^oiqjj •}8aj— do} oa q^daci i CD i i I .J g o « c« a© 02 .5 <» >.2.2 COiO ©mirjiot* ooooo oo c© o co o ^W£ co t- • cn» o 8 :§ OOOOO CO t- CO CO U5MOIO t>-^MiTtiTri-^to^,-^^ H rji-qieO'— icooocc^i IIOOHMHOi MMiO»tO!D000100tO(DNHC1tOtO«5HHCDHOOHtDriiOiO«0>(Min (ONNCOOlOHOOoOMOONHtHOHaiTtiffiiSNMOOMtffltficOceO NOOOOOOOOOMOOHMHeoOOMVNHWiOOOHWOOOOON OON"5 | O00OON00HOi0*u3OOOU5i0OinW«)Oi00>l»OOWffi •*lOMHMCN'*rHHtO'-IO'!t , NTIOiOiONu5iON«3iOiOMOO«iON05NiONOiN>Ot^iOiO«iiOO 6 6 6 6 6 6 ® .s'.sT.s.sf -2 'p, PtftPnft ft © ,2,2,2,2 ,2 3 3333 3 ;^ £ >; «^h c3 03 c3 C3 . OO O O ^ 02*02 02 02* 1 "^ 5 6 6 6 ^1 fc ££ g 02*02" o OOOO _o 3 3333 3 0000 Ohio. Ohio. Ohio. 3 3 3 3 3 33 00 3 lO (ON00O5 O ~H 1-H(N co "* CO r- 000 155 S£ •rt o 02 BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 375 £ -co 03 o o "ft 3 Ow o"c3 m » Ol c^i io»oio lONiOiOMifliOiO OONiOOON lO O O offlWHOOn coooo -"i-t oo co oi t- co i-i OtXNffl. CONHtO SI lO lO LO 00 CO < is gas 00OOO00H00OO HrtOOMHOH M00M1O 328! !D O l<3© ' LOOOOC6 O CO io iOOOO>0 00 OONO O N O O iO h idHLlOiOe O O iO O NlON CNHOiOlO> >>>> >> cs — C3 03 t-i tH t-i rCl .4 fl ri O oo O a S 1 a co COCO w cc w CO w o o ffl © o S o ffi j§ n"fl a a d! 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O OOOO OOOO OOOOOO S> ©©©©S^SfSfSfSf ?° ©©©© © © © © _ 02 moQaQoQ.Sf.5f.Sf.Sf.5f .SfoQoooQcc wmaimuim o doodooooo o iih4t4i-i >4i4>4>4i4»j o o 22 oo .1* oo o OO O ^.o.c^o.o^o.o^o o .0.2,2.2 232232332 2 2222 ooooooooo o oooo M^iOtOt^XOOH CN i-HCNCO-* .2 2 2-2 2.2 222222 oooooo lOCONOOOO BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 377 £> © co^oo PI V) xr. m 03 c3 03 oco 2 ° 03 © © o o © © © CNtp in o 1-1 © V) '-' 03 O OZ — 73*- T) co ©om © ©,Q SX2 ?—"«« — c3^ c3^ 02 CO :S8 COCOtNNC0C0tO'*iO'*OO0)Nu: NMMVH^HDfiOfiOiOtDOlONNKiHiCcrEffflOKOOrtNliHH ^0'*^5HtO!CfflOO!OM»OlO«)(NMW'W'*COM©McOC<5'*•*CO<0 , * , •* ss OOOVHtOOWO iOcor-~CNI-'*OCCOO COCOCMtOTfiirOCOCO M ffl lO IO ffl (£ tOtOO©( lNINNO'*'fl'COroOfflJJO:'*f5*(NtO(N-HrHCC^N'fl'C -*i -n CO CO -F CM CS ^h 00 f -h O >0 CO' C CO OS OS CO >0 00 0C )00OHM000000M00»HM(»00HNrtHOOHH00rtHHOOHaiOO O CM, epos ■ co to o m OS f3 B a o O I a S3 o O ran:vBp aAoqe ©pn^iy •^98J— \QA9\ pa^iianad ssau^orqj, •^9aj— do; o; qaddo: 3 2 ® £» S U 00 TO ffiOH WCOM OHX«5tDNN(DO cococococococococococococo IflCCIMlONOONt^NO cococococococococococo fflOtCO'3'tO' CO CO CD CO CO CO CO * cccocnicoioootcot tcdcocococotcocd 'COcOcOcocOcOCOcOCOcO lO iH M t^ O iH 00 lO CO CD C5 CO 00 CO CO 00 00 00 O 00 o 'lOOlOOOO' OONfflNlOlOMOOiOOOOOOOOHOOOCNtDOOH OOOOCTlOO' 6 6 6 © .2 .2.2 •* ,2.2.2 * 000 ^ tf«tf £ " CO— 1 CO^OlCN 00 do'Soddodo CO 00 r-H i-l 6 6 6 6 . «e e« 66066000 00 . o o o g) © G O 3 o O O iO iO 10 Of»rt-HTti"4"Hc<5NTt' lOOM^MiOt^OlON' !03C0T*<^-(OtMO'*0i00i0- ■* O N O) N ■* TP I oo oo oo oo oo oo oo i •«<-rH i-H O rr TP rH 5 S C C^ 3 3 O H O J! O f N 3 (^ iC X -i O « CI rH N ?: C O X cono()cc^co^oiociO'« i offiS)Tiioo(No> COCOCOC^CNCOCOCOCOCOCOMCOCOCOCOCNMCNrocOCOC^CNlNCMeNCNW N00t--iOc3i'-l»(MOJ^iM'^05-*CN-^t^^-ii050( 00!N(OtOCO>oaNOONSiNm^iMOOT) N t^ t^ S LO O l1 lO lO ul LO LO lO S) SI ^ •* O O TJ< LO Si t~- LO lO 00 Ci Ci © Tf ■■S' TJ< T)1 Tl< T»1 -qi "^1 ^1 Tt< ■*•>}< TJC ^ TJ1 ^ T)i TJ1 -q< TJ1 TP •* r}( -^1 Tf Tf TJ1 t»< ITJ o o o ; o o o £££ •a'tf'd' © © © © © « o o o o ZZZ2 o o c3 ^ c3 c3 iCCNt-cO • .00 ■ • .O •• irtt-Hi-IOOlO^HCOt^CS^HTCN •^w*^ 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 £ -T,jv-r!z; £ & ef ff a pTpTa's fl fl c pfrT df© 6 6 6 „ © © © „-.,c3c3<3c3c3c3c3e3c3c3c3o3 c3 w £ £ £ ■ H c3c3c3c3c3c3c3c3 aS'3 cJ --■ ooooooooooooocS^cSeS t>^ggbbt>« pq cc pq pa pq £ pq nq pq cs pq &mmw w %HUHHi o o o a o o o a H a o c o £££ © © © © © © o o o O O O o JJ^J^WKWWW ^--itNeo 0666 c/Tc/Tt/r ►> o o o . . .......,..,,'.. s- s- U t-< u . © © © nssss -222 I > < 1 > ■ 1 . • ■ j ; . ■ ■ 1 1 i . . 1 1 . 1 j . i-j 1 1 1 ; ; 1 1 j ; j ; ; [OOOOO ; g fl ddo^o^odddo^o^dddo^o^o^do^do^ddddo22 2222 .2 ^ £ £ 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 .£f .Sf .Sf .£f.S£ 3 «> ® ® ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooopQpgwpgpq OMMM OOHNMV'Offilt^«)0>OrtNM^rtNn^lOSlt*0001O'HNM^^S>N00OpwNMgiflSlN0Cg5O rHCNCOf ^H^Hrti-H>-Hl-HT-I^HrHi-H(MtNtNtNCN HiHHrtrHrtlHlHr-lrtNNCNNNMNCNNCMCO 380 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •siaaxeq— ^otipoad p3pni •}80j— tfldap ib;ox •^93j— q^dsp no ran^p aAoqe epn^piv "}99J— I8A8I Bas A\oiaq» aptvjyjjv '199J— paiBj^euod ssau^oiqj, •J89;— do^ o^ q;daa sz g . '43 O CO .-HIM »H QP ©00©'* iONrt©ONCCOMNOI *d O O o ftfto dd-£T:-~d.£!.£.d. i N o o o o o o ■d O ■Cd pa : lO r»i h- ■<* 00 00 iO< 666 6 66 6 6 ^ ^ pTcTrcT ff & & & ^T^tT C3 cj b£) bJO SuO 60 M h0£ £ ^_,w c3 c3 rt c3 cS c3^2 > X -I(M pi p - - - r 5 c •= ' Sur- face ele- va- tion— feet. c cr CO "3 "5 © c c p r - c c .= 1 - 0! ) t i ! o 'o "3 1 • c c 1/ c S- PC p a •c p a o« ■ C3 O 3>B g . 33 o £ 55 to a 382 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 o3 W) cow ®-g; *'" e3 03 03 O .cococo •spxreq— }onpojd fenrai •^aoj— x^dap pnoi, •^88j— mdep no raniBp eAoqc opn^iv •;aa;— PA9I pg^Bj^angd ssau^oiqj, 189j— do* o% mfoa S gi * its s* • OWNMN NMOHMCOOO :§g; UO 'iflNNi r-- co ic <© oo oo co HHCONNN* ll 0'*eoNOOOOtO>OiO MNrHHfflHlOiflNIO i O .05050'-HC^T»icOOOCOC3Cl MOCO nOHcoooxiomio ^2 ooNmujooooNoooiONomioooin C0-9'CO»tfiiO'«J<00i-tCO''*''*»<• m 1 o o 00 ©io»o to tO>-f OMOOOOOVM ifliOOiONOVOiOOMffilOO rjnot>-ooc5'VTriio^ooc^oo>-i eo005tOOOiOiOCNT}o o eo 00 ) .— to t~- 00 cn ) ^ •* to 00 o sss; C(NiOO( 1 UO tO CO O iO C m m m co m cm o • lo •* o 00 o n .-Hi-HCN • - papa CO tt) d-d II c a fl PI PI PI PI PI PI c d PI PI ,y A .y CO CO CO CO CO CO CO coco CO CO CO CO u eo •V to t^- CN CO"3< m CN eo ■* us to 384 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjxeq— lonpojd ibt^iui 188j— i^dgp ib^oj, 199j— t^dgp no •^89J— Qxve\d ran^Bp 8AoqB epn^piv •}99J— I9A9J ■B8S A\ojgq gpn^iv •}99J— pg^j^gugd ssgujpiqj, •^99;— do; o; md9 os a' » > 9. ss 1° C3 O £2 ■* b* :fc ■* (DOCrt-tff tOI'TOlN nt-woo >o co co ro ic co ^r co coco-*' si 5 c ■ id • • 5 ^ >»7n5 OT S> OT i 5 "^ O^ S^O «S C3^3 h(N-hN o o o o o. o o o %, pS £ £ £ c3£#££ 2 *MhM Sgp« 5 m tot; O 03 o3j? 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'-^4 l^- UU l^- iJJ ■cNnoooN®* HiOiOOOLCCOOlOO OOMO'HrtHHHNNNHCC OHCOC:N-*NOJNOO CDSICO'-HI^CM^HCM— <-(C CO CO CO C<1 CM ic "3 1 CO CO *C iC >C CO CO «C IC CO »c co »c >c -^ *C CO iC iC CO IC ' CNTCi OHHO)01fll01H01»H0100 010100100 0>( N»H HCtOOiONHuOtOONNO) • 'WOO 'OlNrtNOiOO CN i-H r-<J1 (M ,-H .-H rH • ■ i-< CM i-H • rH CM CO iH CO •;99j— doj o; nidaa ft • C3 O 3£ iCCOCOt^COOlCO ' tr o t^ eg 55 >c >c iC CO CO CO CO CM CO < w^a : >> .id « 5 ■ P 3 T^TJ t3 t3 • "C o o • o o o • o ■a %o ° %* ° «s^ °5£ ££* s -a *ts © I CO CO CO CO CM 6 6 £ £ £ £ <2 B o ©©ocuoooo S 3 gj 3 £ fc ££ C3c3c3_cj - ., __ ■O Tl fl fl ,£5 fl ^ (>, a aaaasss^ •< << ^ a a « pa pq a a a « oj «• .a a . o o o o o ^ <» <» fcuO 6JD 5 ftftft ph a "^ftftft ft ft ,3 .3 O O oooooooo 3 3 2 3 3 3 a a o o o o o o oo *< IN tft CO CO to O iO 15 ® ifl lO -^~0 CO >0 Tf CO 00rt00CO(DNC»' i n io n o> h o cr. ci c s / x lO lO lO 00 N CO O) C7) CO to ^flCD00i-KMO5O5t^(MCO -OH O W 00 LO CO 05 ONtONHl O i— I OO C75 < i OS CO CO O CM CM < r-KNCNi-l IN CNi iO O CO O O w Ol W CO N f-i 00 OCOOi'HOONi 03 CO CO CO CO CO 1< ■* 00 CO CO Tf I _ ) CO i— I CO O i— I CT> cNcoco'ntooi^oooicoLn>ninNcoincooo-» ^ ftO "^ 52 oo b» >i 2 S -.2.2 co © MJ^w «J2.2 M £ C0J2 W>£ 00,3 «o3Qcc3©'^0303©OO=«*aO , 2*SO *j laasSwSs Has? M^amMSa KN^ O cc5* o o 32 W>co T3 o3 'SO ££o •S.S o .a go-- I -d-d o o o o ■g-a mm .fend go CO CO CO CO £ 5? M M ia) ,© © ,© ft ft ft ft ft ft <1 ,_r ,_r ] i— TV-?* _J" ? 03 c3 (Si IS1 03 03 03 cd £ £ * £ ££ £ £ CO CO CO CO £ £ £ £ ££ * £ W H H H HB H W i-l CO 6 6 03 03 t* £ CO CO C ^ © O 6 •H t/T C/T CO . 'o'o "o -^ pqpq pq *-> l-s l-T> J5 ^ ^ o o o 2 e c3 c3 03 c3 03 sees s CO CO COCO CO £> O O se iti ti tocB to c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 o3 CO CO CO COCO CO © CO 00 5 5 5 111 CO CO CO ■8 «8 »a o CN W IOCO fl CO ^ 03 ft CO CN CO sa sc oo _o co OO O ■f if} tot» 388 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFOED AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spueq— lonpcud fBt^ni ■199j— q^dap pnoj, •looj— q^dsp no ^3 a-' .2 o O ! t -t-a s 3 o s e ■3 ■%99}— OUB^d mtHBp 8AoqB apnmiv •^98J— I8A0J B9S A\opq eptupxv 199J— pa^iprrad ssau^orqj, '198J— do; o; q^dea t».2 ® >.2.S Ah ©Ah, C3 5 - 1 S3' C3^ ah** ioo^SoS O O00(NOOOO OLONOOCO COOI NOOOCOOHH ffflOHO HHi CO 00 CO >o i oo r-~ w »oio 00 Oi CN - co n< to NNONiOIN t^ i.O OS O O ■ S 'M 31 r^ co c o o as coco C3 O S2 § . •rt o o o « ^ « ^ ££ dodo mwJ a w h'HODO O ■8 ooa W -< 2 2 2 2 .2 o2223 2 aoooo o BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 389 (NO C3 O 0£ CO CO CO CO oorooio 0)'*COHOOi-lrtT)N05C3-l0(NTlOOOHOOOCN COTl'TfM0 . 'i-KN . ..» . . . . . :m%mx '.m §^ § 25 . fto 1 "fl^ • o ° 03 ^- o fta, c3 c3-g_t-.S CO c c •RC so-- Mean- W —l (N o o CO CO CO CO o o „ o<1 o - o o C3 C3 C3 c3 C3 . c3 C3 Wtftf tf P3 o o • • bo W) £ 55 £ fc j» j ^r o o fc a a> © ft ft Pi Ph O O CO o 2 2 2 .2 ooo o o c o o o 2 352 2 o ooo o AAA ooo pq pp a a •c ■d * £ o o a a 1* 390 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 spxreq— ^onpoad imirai •;88j— tfldap t^oj, •%Qdl— mdep no c O ! uin:vep 8AoqB apti^y 198J— I9A8I ■eas A\opq epnmiv •189J— pai'BJ^OUOd SSailjpUIJ, •^89j— do; en iiadaa ic3 c/T P <3 O i—i t^ r— -v O N ■* O O ^2 : 8 :; ONlQO §2 £■2- ft COiOiOOiOCOOJMTtiMOiOLOiO^iOiOiO^COLOiOTfCO O O 00 LO !D I ^OfNOOiOOt^i H^COMHWCOCSrtHINH o o o o o AA fl il ^3 H&H H C- fH £ £ o o o o £ fc DO O O O £ * m w PI CI Ph Pm Pui S£ "2 o en o S.S2 AAA &0 a A A A A O O O PhS O O O O O .2 .2.2.2 .2 A AAA A O OOO O N 00 O) HN M BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 391 > cotS o 05 c3 9 C3(M ■/. — 03 CO o O r- t- t- •^ CO CO CO 1^ 1-1 COlC CO 00 O O IO lO CM CO (M CO CC N ff. O C) H CO f M io O iOCOCO'"tf | iOCDCOce-*t ~ i * co './" i ~ c 05 05 05 03 c3 C3 03 p art b« cct c3 a 03 C3 c3 C( M hO fcJO 60 X F F OJ OJ a> ft ft ftftft — ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft ft ft a E c ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft << .2<£ S c3 02 NW i-4 00 O CD 00 CD ' CO t-H t-- C3 CM "O lO CD i lOiO O GO CD CM O 'O rt CM o o o o MM MM >>>>>> So a o CD fe. >,> >(>>>, >> ^^ c3 cj c3 c3 ^ " a a q o m Si S- o o W M ooo o as o o ,d fl ,3 ..q . .3 O O O O O BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. -- 1- v r c c B - IS oc.,_r „o t-,00 ©00 "c3 rH " > s 03 CO Salt water, 945 feet Hole full of water, 1,115 feet £ 09 DO • a ' c3 is"© 3* IN coo S3 © 03 "eg ilj W S?«2 OCN1CO *"* 03 O "o3«°- ^J © 03 "? to to IC c O 1ON1-C >S O P.*f p 3 S-i P >> P 8 s P CM WN t-r^oo TFt^CO IS t~ 00 IS IS o O co o r^ CO CO CO O -£ 1,485 1,397 1,427 1,367 1,400 o 00 CONK50MLOO t- "*t< IS O t^ O TT CO CO ■* ■>»• • CO i S CO IS tji -^ CM NNOMCOON o i-- oc- oo co >o ^ — i OOOOt^cO^fCOCM CONH lo -^ eo »-i o o •«< o t - o c ti( o « c r. '- i * 00000)00 t^ t- IS IS O O 00 o CC 0> .-I CM S COCNOOINOON CM t~r^CM CM 0C0CONCWO0C OCMCM.-ITt--rf.COOO i CO O i-H rH CO CM 1-H lO CO !§§: OC CM O O O IS lO O O ONO O IOt»(OO0C VOO O N cc ■» O CO CO CO lO CXI IS Q IS i - - - IS CO 'O CO NOINM CO CM o c: o ^ cm co co nccNo colo lOOHMCCt- OONN tjc t}< o c3 o T3 ■ • -T? o • • ■ o o • ■ • o c3^ c3 c3-^ 3 -, 0«iO:-0 2 © tr. <* 5 £ • £ >, ^ .2 I ©.£3*0 ©J- -SJ O Pi CT3 c: c3 c ^ t^K ^2 M) . . .^ S ? © p=co^ WS m : : :mp:W^ ^1 ©.3 £ © rHi^^: ^ K ^•C^ S © s o o =y coooooo^,$f 3 S S 3333* g cccocccK o -H — < CM w i^ Z CO IZ 394 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjj'Bq— jonpoad teprai •198J— q^dgp \v%o j, r-o in © >c io to Oli«HHHMif5l»l(3N-.. «5M«OCWO(S1<*TfiW» 199J — J9A9J B9S Avojgq apn^jv NwiOMOOtNONiO :- I - ■- -r oi O ■ •}99J— (oaooiwoooMnoc — S ■- S r>\ 199;— do; o/} md9c[ i Oi © Oi N -t -t IC ^ ' o •is ^T3 o o o o fe fer 6-OSf.M.MS T3 Tr) ^ •- -3 O o • o f- a. f- ■S I'M 3 S3 ft • O-^ Oft .^ft 'CO -~ o •£ '£ xJ o 'E o J3 ^ 5 O © 03 fl % m£ © >.2& CO tH :s z ^H (N CO 6 6 © ^ © 2> .a pq ^m £^ £ o o ££ (/) ro << <4 O O O © © - - C O O i^^COCoSS S coo ££ 125 i-H aTaT oT ^ © © ,© ^_T ft ft ft r< ft ft ft to <1-< <{ ^> > 6 C3 03 O 2* ©z CO +j o o o o O O OOO CN) tH CM CO TP : a rt a ■ tcyrj «3 • © © CD o o ooo-b-t i 3 3 2 2 2 g © § O OOOOOO o Ifl fc CO CO l-» 00 CS H CN CO sss a CO COCO CO © 4) CD CD sa cc5- 5a CO COCO CO l-H CM CO T»1 BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 39< as 'i. C9 ©£ cfl 08 « £ ► h +^ og •a* PS ft CO O CMNCON h or. (N K (O CD "* CT> OS CO O IOO o o -co oo o cm ^ or co or cc if? — i — t^ C5 CM CJ5 CO CO ' 1 tt3 l - ^ i-* tfj LT *0)coffl0m : if? ifl ^h (M ^ ■ i ~. co ro co co : ro co co co co i CT> Tfi IOOOO CM T CO CD CO CC >0 LO ClOCO f»HHH HOCOH ©HH HIONOIOU3MO lO r^ — w _^ r^fi r^_ crt i — i r at O CO O 00 ' ■ 00 CO CO 00 CN CO rffi LO i.O -t< 00 00 (M 00 > lO CO lO CO rf lO t0t>,t0 T3 C3T3 O >>o >> o o o o -soft ■ ^ • *•»>■ • — cu o ■ • © ~ S> © ~ fe->>j>-tte-a) •;: r/l h». CO S~ 'J!: tO-if S^ ■ SjC ' rr, & tO rr* P* ^ © ^ ^ tO • rr ° ° S to to 2 T3 O e3 O O o oao *&* : 1i? o# • K/ ICC? < :§ :1 s : * fro Is £o o o o ft a ft ft * c CO 6 6 6 6 6 6 a) d) o d tO tO tO tO c o 6 fc c to to to to to Z^Z C C C fl C C !.: s-r c 5 5 5 2 5 5 O* O M —11—1 HHI— I botobo >, >, >> >> >, •>, .S.S.S g h ha e e 03 CD © K o d o o o o o o o o o O O OOOO O O ooo A si ^ d rf to to to to to to to to to to to c3 C3 C3 1 fl c a c c C C c c c a a 02 02 a a a a PI c c c c C c C fl c cC cC CCCCCCCC cC CD © © © © © © © © © © =3 «8 ■a «« ■8 tf tf pi Pi pi Pi Pi Pi- Pi Pi Pi (4 =2 cS c2 c3 c3 c3 cs «= fc ^ is is .- c 03 C3 ^3 ,a C3 03 C3 d c c c c a a c c c c sz s 3 ~ ^3 ^ 02 CC CO CO CO o o DOOO o o ooo C c o C o o O t>- 00 Ol o ^ CM CO -^ lO CO • r^ oo ISOH ^H CM CM o CO lO CD 396 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 spjjiBq— lonpojd i^rai laaj— q;dap pnoj, •;89j— q^dop no ran^p GAoq'B 9pn;p-[v •^88J— I8A8I ■B9S Ai0[8q spnjT^iY pa^ej^augd ssan^oTqx '199j— doq. o; md9(i O © C3 fl-g o a o d C3 c3 ' P • ■ •2 •' ilj : dS • t> .N ; cx>> Jit • g^ a i~ y rr c- o ,o IO 09 o o 03 o So <£<2 i-H CO c3 a OO O OS o iO o co o TJI of oo to IO O O IO 1 - CO o co cm co so CO OS iO SO asio lO i-H COCO CO CO 30 CO O CI co as OS OCO CM CO CO CO r- lO CO CO as CO CN O lO io OS OS CO I-- IO CM CO IO osc< 70 7C -f oc c c s 2 co OS CO l^ iO CO CN ©LOHH >o CO iO CO too OO CO ■ Vl^OOrtCCWO O CO CO CO CO CO 'C0O>0C0TPC0i0Tft0t>.O HOtouOH CM ^ CO CM < TtHNNHH'* CO iO O O OS iO t— OS CM CO CM iO CM O O O 'O O iO 00 O iO o o r~ iO CO CM CO CO CO "O IO CM CO LO CO CO CO CM CO CM < o >>>> Sou ^ OOi £.2 £o •d-P' o o o c o o = *=*' o o o o o o * :£I1i Kg o f f P-w P-"co t>> ^ « ° 5?0 &£ £ JS £ &>£ ;.;_' o .s.a.sc.sc ^-.p.s.s 2 o S o C.S.H »g o.a S t4a 54^- ^^^ehSe-^p^^S^pi CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CM CO CM CM o o 55 £ o o 55 55 o o o 55 55 55 W M M H r 1 H o 5 S Ph P-< P* 6 6 55 55 55 55 a C3 c3 00 e3 O o Pi Pi P a P Pi Pi P P P << < < < < o o o o 555555 55 WWW M ■~ - •-. - • oc OS — CN CO iO CO t^ CO OS rtCMCO 1^ BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 397 s a 00 o C3J> o i - OOHNfflOOOCmOOlTJNOt^i-OXa'ffi^ O^OTfiOO-^iCMlM-^COCO-zrt^-^aOIMlO N(ONtO(OtOHO< oiooffltoo H<0eO JO iO «> CO ffl 05 SO (3 UO CN O CO M w m CN CO LO CM C- X ^ v — co c- c -/- X I WC0^"rHO^05l0NCNlO1 , 00n 00 00 CO CO Tf 00 " -* CT> 00 00 00 1* INOtOtDlO 'OOOiOO Ir-ICO-fCOia • N H M N i CO CM CO lO 00 CO CO t CO CO r S- "O —i ^wO>antOMtOOOOlOmtOMMflOMt»t»t>Nll5lO CM O Ci CI :- -M - / O O r- X 'f O LI rt LO X CN CM OP CN O) O oc)cocMcooc3iM aiioo-^r-; CN CM CM CM CM CMC CM Si O O CM 30 £-~ O lO sc co o r; co x f h ca M 7> CO X CO CM CM CO 00 O CM iO oo a- CM CM fc-tf is! !?5 005 ft ft O 03 CD |> MM? °o O ftO o ft (> 03 ^T3 Mo 000 000 — _— _ ^* _ — 3 o •no- O o o o o ft o ft -o «- 2 ~ fe 03 ~ ? hi) So o ft ftMMMft !:: Mft '.Ma *. M «2 !i :: M ft^ -J C3£ tfrg O pq^ Ms m : CO CO CO CO CO 1 00 CO t~- TT CO CO CM CO CO CO CO fc 5? fc O O O OOOO £ fc £ ££££ bfl bii bfl buri bj Wi a n Pi d d PI a pi pi a M M M M M M MM M M >, >, >> > > >, >>>>>>>> e E L 03 03 OJ 03 03 03 03 ft ft ft ft ft ft ftftftft hh a £ £ OCOOOO OOO ££ £ ££ £ £ £ 55 OOO fc £ £ 03 03 03 03 I* WW W WW W W W W W WWW Wo O O c OOOO C O c b C O O' c O O O Tl ~ A J rd A A AAAA AA A .= .a A J3^ A ^^=! A A A rt 13 A Jd -= ^3 '~ 3 C c O OCOO OO C c O OO C OO C Z Z O c O ft CM CO T CO NKOO rH CM re m CO i-H CM CO TH IO CO r- s. - rt 05 co rt 398 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 spjjeq— ^onpojd i^rai 188j— q^dgp \eiojj •^99j— q;d9p no 55. 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O i-l 00 Oi CO CO t^OOOOCii-lCOCOOOTtiTfi WlOOO CO CO < co oooowooooc CO HNOMNOCOt-Ol Tf as oo o i-i co co io co co 'S&'g'g-'g ..-d-d ao O id-*.* d _ o o o .-d-d i o o i o o •"•d-d • o o • o o 'd-d p £C!---~ S'd^dd s^i.isjs g b : d •" T) c ft • p • o CD • C3~ M i^ en * « 'CSSO .p « :cq^ M T-H(N ni'i'd o o o o o o £££ ! ; *>i co' • (-4 o ' Pi 1 p l;M CD ? -d c c j •g'd'd ptt-S S o o ; m PQ5: ME-S3K ICO V CO oocoio i-i CO £ o o o o o ■d Skiles, Skiles, Skiles, Skiles, _© CO o o o o o o o o •d -ddddd*d *d o oooooo o ooooooo o £ ££^££ £ o o o o 332 3 o oooooo o On On P< O-i Ph P-i Pt Pi CD CD CD CD CD CD CD © bO cuObCWJbCfcJDW) tuO ooo o o pq n CQ P3 CQ pqpqpqpqpqpq pq PQ CO 00 -v iO CO 00 CT> o ^ co co Ttt m co t- 00 OS 404 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spaj'Bq— ipnpoid iBprai •^98j— q;d9p \v%o £ laa;— mdap no tani'Bp eAoqc opn^piv •%99}— I8A9J B9S JAO\aq apn^piv pajEJ^twd ssau^otqj, •}38j— doj o; tndaa 3s'3 ©HtONOONOl^MN^VOCONfflfflHOOiOOniniflNOOCCWI ■*i-iM'*wa3Tt'*( ooHtoHooooioooHHOooioJNeeiooHooNffliooi HO)tcOCO r JOrtfflNOCW!DONW*HO)NlOOMniONO! oocyte rH CO 10 d T3 -d 'CT3T3 >g ft • 03 O S . 53 o 8* CQ P3 P3 pa papapa BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 405 (V o oomoi *a< t~- i— i co oo a> OJNN MNnOSTN-TI r X ' C M "5 CO N OS M X CC 00 CO OOOOi ©OO OOOO COOOOO—<00 rt O <-h OOOCO Ci CN -*< Tt< *!}< t-- ( D CN CT> CN CO - os ^ co t» CO!OlOlOHO>OJHCONi*Tll S->*ii-ico-*f | r^^cocor— cooo Ot-HOOi-iOOOOTPCO CO iO CN r- tONCMt-MMAWWH ^^ ^ iC 00TfTft-'^TF'0 t^ cn 3s i> i- eo so -r •O co -r Tf t>. 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S i-l CM o 6 6^ £ fc fl - .. ., o HU3 d66 ^ ^H © © © o o'ti'O'd W OT &&,&, oo • • • £ o o is©'"^"' o o o o o .2 £ 2 -2 2 2 a'aaaa 2 2 « S 3 3 2 ooooo o o S o o o o lOCDt^OOCi O i-l i-l CM CO ■"*< i-l CM CO •«*' to o o r r 2 .2>>>>2 .2 ^) ^oScS^ A O OWWO o o o o o o o o .2.2.2.2 *** A AAAA&G& o ooooWWW AAA ooo l CM CO" IC t^ 00 OS O i-1 CM CO i-l CM CO X* 412 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 o o a •sjajxeq — ^onpcud ibi^tui •^aaj— i^dap p^oj, •}98j— q^dap no •^aaj— atrefd ranjcp 8AoqB epn^py •}88J— \3AQ\ B9S Aiojeq eprvjrnv pe^Bnenad ssan^oiqj, •^88j— doj oj q^daa £S©. 3 ^~ * s u O 03 !*-§. O2P3o2 0Q §8 coco 23 02O 00 O ©.2.5 . © t>>.2 ; ^«oo°S So 2 o O O w£^S :&£Sh : : : © ter •IS O o o OP fe. © bOp* bO TJf^TJ O O wWw : : oo r^ rti io © © COCO CO CO CO CO r~ io © © o o 6oo tT J h £££ § § 6 5 as II* •S JJ of oa° .2 I a a ^ *= S o o o o aaaa 03 © © © Jj+J+J ® H<1^ OOPN fin MMME4 o o o O O O M M M .a .a .s a a a =a « « © © © P5 P? tf 2 2 2 333 SIS ci a pi O) © © OOP oou HHIN CO fi lO +3 O O O O Q oooo © i— I a :§ ! p ! a ■^: ■ sr ; JB ! bo :.S it ; 03 • >, :"c3 :1 *>£ K +i-^ j9 +s O BJ-d 1 " •rt -w-d — ■ 4^ ■ M "3 = coC P mm 3 OQ -3' L GO 03 CCPh - p • a; IfC :o ■a £ £ p SS :£ p & & o • O •B - :£5 A fl hI m 00 CQ 02 Hlfl • :S • co • c • io iO So 1 : " H '.** 1-1 1-1 ! ! ' — ' I 1-1 lO oo e> ■ io £ 00 ■ »lO IT* ■- c '• s ? 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O afiaie 03 rfl "H-b ~ 3 "CW B£ ffl Mod .3 .fa .3 •£ "d "d *d TJ s O mwwfq : : : :m- SS S-. PC -d-d d g.Ht'O S3O .fe-B.B : :pqpqWpq loas 02WW iff -CTT ?s 'E'd'd z pa : :pc O-B r~ ,Jp oo T* ■* CO «* 10 10 — »o * -r 1 "* TJ1 T>i ■* >tf ' ■^ 6 O O •> „ 03 M § ft ft a a a a 1 a a a a a 03 hi >i >> >. >> ■s 03 c3 03 03 03 w w P P p P a p, B B B B 03 03 03 03 tj- -d d a a 3 a 05 PQ OQ OQ 00 OQ S3 414 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spjxeq— ipnpcud I'Biijni ^ 2 £2 rt 03 O ££2 WPh •a :5 .2 03 :Ss ol 8 M : CGPh PQ CQCQ 00 •199j— qidgp ib^ox •188j— qjdap no •J99J — 9TTBld ran^Bp 9AoqB aptvmpy ^NNNNtOOlOOOOOOfflO* CO t^ < 'iOO)«0)«H(NHLOt^iOOINr(3N t^ CO < iNOOOKJiOiONOOiMOiCOOtO iO Oi 10 lOOi oo >o CO ooo •^88J— I8A9I ■Gas Avopq 9pn;iip7 •}99J— pa^BJigngd ssanjpiqx CO ■>* « i C$ i—l *199j— do; o% q;d9C[ OOOOiO(MOcOOOOOO!-iOiOOO>ls >» ° 2 o P< 03 • o o g Pi • o o P< 03 5 > •doo 'C'a'O 3 o ® 03 PI m.2 © >.2. w : : loos coWw :m^ MMpq : :pq- Wpq is W WM pq : : o eo o § o o oo O CN - II 03 — a C c "z a <2 . o ; o^ ; j-Ti-i 05 CO "cits '3'cl mrn co BO § ■a" fH — - i cc § oc c <3 So- a«ji 52^ CD 3 "c3 "c3 CO -J CD s « 53 5 5 : •s : cq : OOt-H COO CM O to o o 00 CO CX) TPCOCO CN OS 5 || :| 3 3 CO MO ooo 00 8 2 8 eo co o c co CO CO CO 00 : i iflONLOo^ oo ooi-hco oooiocoMinooo tooooioteooom 3OLO10 o t— co o o o o oot>co o i— < o o o 00 1>- co ioohoooioooom^ io»ococo »1'S)M»50>201iaOL'3 iOO»COO CN CN O t~ lOOiOf N* CM i— 'XD -=n VOOOO^'r^ 10 CN CM 00 CO O t~- CN O ' ■>a< co •>* »c 10 co t^- ' oo-^co , » , ^riccocot^i>- ■«*"rT)<■qo n-HCO -CM iO © 00 lfl CN 00 Cs -r 02 00 10 r~ 00 CM CM 00 00 00 Of^iO NiOOOOOOOiON ONOOiONOOOO OOhh 00 lO CN 00 CO >— ico-ri- iiOMffi Ot^NiOOOCOCfflN -<3< O O CN CO O o O "CO 110 -« r- 00 ~* 000 00 000 ■ o P< > ® 5 .is •£ "0 13 Mpq : : d . o OSS fe O *§ 03-^ •O 30-3 : «s M ■O O O O O'cj flr* "C'3'3 , 3'3 d j3-a pq : : : :pqa5W • OJJ J2 >> • OT) OOOO O o C3 O *3'n i 3 , 3 , 3 , 3'3 s^j'c ; ; :wco : 5 o 2 o P< . . . . K M . . . . OOOO'g.'C'OOOO :«w : ■*J1 O CN -V CO 1J1 TJ1 00 CO 00 CO CO CO CO 00 CO CM COCO CO •»J» 10 10 m in TJ1 -^< t~- . CO CM z fc z z z fe zz a c c c S3 S c a C3 C3 C3 03 C3 C3 c4 i s a S s g ss CO <» CD CO CO - ^3 A ^ fl ^5 ^£ eo co co CO CO CO w w w w s w WW o o 000 55 ^ Z — — — pqpQ o 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 O OOP °o s S si 416 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 1 © to o •sjgjjeq — ^onpojd i^iui •}88j— q;dop ib^o j, •}99j— T^depno •;8aj— Qwe\d xnn^p 9Aoqe apnji^v •;)99;— J9A9] •}99J— p^BJigugd ssgujiorqj, •;99j— do; 05 q^dga 9* iHioocoococoiCNoO'^t^oiooioootooin-o'iO'*'* (ocoNtotom >OOO«3OOOOOc0OOOO05C0>-tOi-H05i-ii-iO rH i-H © CN ^H Oi ^ TP rji ^t CO ^ ' WOlOHOlOOINOJOON* .(N-*© •©© • lO CN .-I IC lO NHHtOHTfOO • 1-< CO • i-l 1-H '.-H «5t^OOiOiCNO-*iNLOO)OOOOCOTtooo50icoc50>ooo>oc>)ooo50oo>c»ooo5 oo oo © i^ oo © ° s o Ph P Si O & bo . . ! ? m ! . . ; P be ! '. '. ! > A &c '. '. too e^J o o o o«2 ° o ° 0, rS o e o o o o ooo m : : :Un : : : :Mw : : : :Mm :::::: : : : = o © .2.2 co ior- co CO oo iO TP W c £ tN CC oc ? c s oc ■^ i^ « CO B B 5? 5? ooo B ££ ooo B B 55 03 C3C3C3 03 CC C3 C3 C3 03 03 q o 6 o o o o oo o o 6 PQ SB ■rj O 03 c3 ^03 ( C6 # w o o 3 O O 3 c o 3 o O o c O O 33 oo c 1 9 o 3 9 c 3 3 QQ CI 8 3 3 8 88 h co co CO N CO BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 417 - r CN s a t — a EC 8 CD ,g IO Bs ~~ — 3 X C/j © ft A! § CO -d ft US © <£ N X OS c o CO 09 fl cc3 a n — Woe CO so — a E - T - r ! © ■© ■iO © § -d © - Is « H2 d fl '3 G? "© ; © . 8 : o : 1- co 03 o e 3 « O > 1 s CO Si M Oi o o> i - CO iO CO C5C5 oo co C5 s oa 5 ooo OO CN 00OC3 1 CO t-JO -00 00O ' OS O IO !>■ CO t-00 ©■SCO 00 CN -1* CNCOf- omooo 00 00 OS 00 o CO — t^iot^r^t^cocoic 00 i-H CO iO OJ -^ C5 Oi i-H C5 C5 O — X CO 'O 3> «C M X 3>e0CNC0C0rHC0e0t~O0iC0t~O«0O00C0a»< HlOO'J( ujHrtCOOOOOOOtOhffliCHOCOOXCCOulHOOOOC^NHOHHOHHM N ~ - Ll H L- , IhOOCN^i- t t- oo co eo -v i r~ cn i-i r~ oo i inomcoocooococo-hni jooojco-vott-^coooook ■ *oi'fl"i'KCH-?KoinoNT(iHO iCO-WCOOCOOCNCOTCOCO-fCOCOC^OO r~ • o io io • io c cn l-c^-l-^onvo- ■V 'COi-HCO • l>. TJ> CO ^-CCC^r-^^liO^-lCNCOCO' I . — I NrrrHt^I> COi-1 CNt^iO CN ,-H O} CO C^ CN • rH CO CO rtCtfOLloOOWOOBNaoONHiflOCSiOffliOOiOOOoeMaiOOOOMiONH MC-.K^rNNOVlOOMHMNNKMM C ~ i - CO :: I- CO MC A Ti — M rOOONO^O — f - nr r*l nr — c^ ,— n ,— s — **^ ^i r\-s /^\ i — iv * * — <-^ ^] ^ ^ •-• rN. r/^ ^ -^ ^] ,-r r - nfi m ry rv" r~ nri nr* (M /vs jgOOOl 4 § 00 88 o» i r- x X/.j.M -^ *— ; I'- 1—1 "J *~-> lOOCONMCCNKOOO^ COCONCOC1C X ri-MOOUJONlOTI CO-^t^00O5i-KMCOt^00O20000O50000CN< d c3 -co pqs o ft ^T) OOO •3 '£ dd d M« : : : fld C3 O 12 c © 60 «d o o S'Cdd ■rHCN " •'-d-d ■ g-d 1 o -Soft So ■rHCN • • i'd'd I ^ ■ o o • © • ° o • ft C3 • O ^ O O O O O"o^ -c-dddd s-^0---«'C'dd'd'd so-- -A 2'Cd-d so . , k ? m ! ! ! ! 2 "J/i >* * © to . .2~/i^60. . . •tcC'dd'd'd SO---3 2'Cdd sO-A'S'd'd'C :cq- ^^EHw : :pq s ^^ : : : O O O O 03^ -d-dddo-fl ! ! ! !^ M ^ !5 tf « — » » !? ^ - u © ^ * ■5 & * w CQ pq pq - ■d d -d -d d d C3 c3 c3 ao a co co CO © © © © © is ^ * ^ * O O PQ pq W pq CP t^. 00 .2 -2 5 d ■* iO I 'I co O —2: G 418 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFOED AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 sjajxeq— lonpoid ibijiui •ijaaj— mdap i^o j, •jaaj— x^dap no •^aaj— atreid ranjtjp aAoqe apn^iv •188J- T8A9I ■eat Avojaq eptvmiv laaj— pa^j^auad ssaujpTqj, •;aaj— doi oj itfdaa 3oi cfe fl' S* § . •43 O s& c£ £dn 00 O ® •,T3 S3 <3S« s ® 2. -t^!-' ,;o I LO lO t- - ) 00 03 t~- ( 338 COOOO a»ooio«ocococoooioos "5 < ■* gj »o oj o co Tti as a> oo oo< HOlHONOtOHOlffl CO < )f-05C0C0C0 'tOHOMO fH 2J io io -^i tj< r^ 2J io i-i ioNN'*HoaooN«HcoaicoMOONNH'* lOO^NOHOOOOH HNCOOOOONHNiOiOOlCOffltDCOCDmOtOOM 0010CO-3<'00C0 ■f r- CO MTfOOOONNiOtO l^ CN 10 CO ONOMwONMiOfflOOO-^OOOMNMMOM rtffltDiO ©MNNNOHNlOiOt-NtOiOMtON-JiOON COC^OiCN CN CO 00 Oi 00 OJ 00 CO 00 03 t>. 00 00 Oi 00 CN CO 00 O CO 00 •d o 'G'd PQ : > a. O O O O-jf d o : : : :W« £ ° s O ft o^oooo«t3ooooo :Wm : : : :mpq : : : : : O C3 o ft £d o .h'Cd Mm : s Ifl CO © o 10 ?! c^ t" 10 !«• _, OS eg -T CT> S ■"* Tf< •fl "* "* ■* -r •v lj tp Tfl © t*. OS cN »H tH OS CO 1—1 >"< •- 1 "H •""• CN O o o o o O O O O O O O O £ B £ ft 52; ft 1? ft fc ft fe * ft fe 2 55 eg .s BO OT sg CO CO g a eg .2 ryj X CO a .a 1 is * Is * fs * * * * £ is * % fc i J -3 ■J 0) ^ 3 CD 3 CD 3 3 ■3 j J 3 ^ .2 .2 ° 2 2 .2 2 2 2 2 2 2 o o 0000 2 ° 2 .2 2 .2 .2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0000000 § s BLATCHLET] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 419 O! a « a C Saltwater,873 feet. Well abandoned Gas, l,270feet. Red rock, 1.220 feet • ■4-3 is -ClOS •P Si £ : -U O 73-d 1 a P 3? IS s i BO 5 M d ss o 3 o 43 02 1 8 CM £2 0,-h 43 GQ o 55 U3 ■*CN lOlO to 1 00 s o S OS IO cm oo SO S3 <* 90 U3 OS'* t> CO wo ioooco lO io »o 2 s - - CN r. /- o: X s | o o 1- ~ CO -r s «5tOU5C coco^-r a ou: ior~ oo (NrHCN S8 oo >o io co t- to co o- oo oo iji Tfi OS O ■* OS CO CN JO i-H OS t^ CO »H 1-4 O- OCaCONINNONCOO OOOOJOJfl'NCOMNt^NINHfqoONh.OOOOlOOi iHOOOiOOON^^CftM C»TPt-fflCOO>O^NMtlONOlO«)NHOOHONOOlfl< HO!OC<10)00®iO'*N 00t0iOON(0ffllOt»(00SMN!0iO»0l0U3lO(D'*01iO' 00 CO IO t- 00 CO CO HHNOOOOMOM' 00i-IOS'Tfi-lt^ Tf o. oo oo os oo c )Oioosoooeoco< NWOOOH- 2 8 333 to 00 8 23 8! i-l CN i-l iSSSc lOOOONOOOlMOOOO' CO 00 O CO CO 00 oo ifli<5NOOU3(NO OO^HOOiOtNt^cOCO OOOOSNOrtCO'fl'lON O OOOOOiOKJINi CO O IO CM CM CM OS 00 -# < .-I CO ^ OS CN CM CO - CO CM rH O IO l>- CN i^ifliOWMMiO -d b o 2 o Ph ^■d O e3^' •^"do-P- - 'sMl Mm 'd o o Cd-d n : : p„ -d-d so d'd b ii i ° ° 2 2 O O 03 £8,5 ^^C'CWo^C P£sO;S3£OCd p o-~ So |#a £CO Mm? •goo 3 8 § 10 IO 10 1*1 o O OS IO ^ 8 CM •O IO IO Tt< IO CN "•' O CN . CN d d d «-' 55 !? % 5? d www g <^< £ '£ '^ 'fe "3 co o> © a> cp ^ J J J 55 o o 5z; £ fc 5z; "cri to t^ IQ ■re 00 00 OS O — CN CO TJIIO CO 420 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— lonpojd vsmni •^98j— mdap \e%oa •%&&}— i^dep uo nin^p eAoqc spnipjy 138S ^ojeq epn^T^v 188J— paiejianad ssaujprqj, •^98j— den o; mdaci 6 Si c3 fl- 1 <-> gj §JH» .00 o o CQCQ 3K :£§ 83 0000 • 00 00 CT><3> :8 IS CO o •g ass i ii •9 gg 5, 'S'eS C7 COCO 'NOOCOOONMMN C5 t~ O CM t^ t>. lO t 'ONtOOH oo< CM CO HOOh'*© i cq t^ cq co t-i Tp t^ »-i O CD 00 ■-I00CO CM Tt< CM CO t- t~- 00 lOcO' 00C0C0»0O OOiOOO rt< OiOOCOcO" Ci CO Oi 00 CO 00ON CM t^- t- O m .O5lOC_ 00 CT> CM CM OJ 00 00 00 O Ci CNOOOO 00U5O CO OOMNW - . CM -* O t- CO 00 00O3CNCO00O5 T) O pa : CS-^'OOOOOO ced o 2 Wco : : : : : s pq ' o o . O O4 • S^T3 O Wpo : 3 S S 5 CO Tf tT "O ■d" -o >» >> >> t*> S a n pq PQ PQ c a ft Pi ft ft ft ft Xi •s T3 T3 >d -S PQ PQ PQ PQ PQ PQ ft • as a o . "3 o s* 1* B LATCH LEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 421 03 03 d wig •IS +f co d r3 o3 © I : "3 3 -2 .2 -a O »-* co t> £os o3 P m o il . . •CO ' :i ilH ■ ■ +3 •*3 • •S : •QQ • o . ■ « +£*■* '. ;»o £M '• => o . 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CO . . -o ; : 1 : ': io ; . 1 i£ P5 fa 03 Pi 1 - - 9 go = — » 3? -: 1 B cn - 00 _c^ 2 1 £ E s — % — a x a X s§ X i> X S3 c c p 8 1,202 1,114 1,058 L192 1,112 947 092 — 93 NCNNNNN-lNNNfJNL«r: C ?) ■- l- r - X M - N X Z ? - :: — Qi 7: ~ S3 S3 • 5 £ 5 ^ - S, . C5 09 ii — ^-^^ 25^ ^& :z~5z^- :r^^ ^ i: pq PP pQ X PQ pq pq N C<1 ri ?j CN a^ X k S 428 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— ^onpoid ps^rai ■;90j— q^dep ib;o j, •^aj— mdepno 83 •©id to T ran^p 8AoqB apnmiv r^I^t-»00t^CNir~t^l^(NT- to o a m ,i c :: w c - a. PS r — n l 43 O 0B © g 03 QQ O .a .a .a .a 60 60 60 '333 ■4-a •a '3 a> tO M ■Q1 O oo 3 § to M I 5 8§ cot^ 1 as CO -* r~ (M »O-00 00 •* tO ■"»< OS C^OOOOOSCN oiom oo as o tO HO00NM -^f^lO to U5 t I OS CO CM CO CO "- — irH'JDNOSOOOJMtOOSHOSOO- OtOWHOOlHOfflOlNf ■ CO t*i (M OS CO OSCOr- O^00C0"O OOcOOS O O OS to O as O OS NMOOOO lOWOOWlOlOOlOOOONCCOO'HTl'OOr-NOOMMM OCOOOVN OOtOTfOm^OCtHDWMOWCRWMMOHOOOMOOO coco^cocoti ior^oococoTt-ooascoeoco'«js< to- . . . "§ cS-^Ti O O O PQ3 Wea s fe >>03 ot r 03 6o o o o o o ft fe fe © izjr: : Mx> o •5a -C-O Mm : O O O^' «t3 -a .5a • : : :Wi o o o o o o o O O Q o O «a <% ^5 ■8 •a 4 a fj .3 a a m M 44 m ^ M < < <4 o CO " 2. s at s r a — -- K - CO — gSSKS? So O O O =0 O -«9« ooo j; M M n •* l- t^ 0NOCOOOOC4O IONS . _ OC^OrHOl-^OOOl-H Tfr^C^TfOOlMlMOOCJO-^'Ci- ' O OS iO lO ■ ■^J1TI<^-.oooO'^ l '^'co■^r'^ , • «Nrct;r:-t^;cS-rN^NX-HO'rXO-i-r«-rOL':j;^cito .-n^oOi-- Tj.rj.TTTr^-Trt^^rr'r-r^ooooooco-^^cscoi-'soocooOco^csioooiO oo cm co oo OOTOOOOiOuOOO-w-^OOOOiO CO ^H CO CO rttOHLIWttJlOH — — -~ — oa tc x eo re oo — • r-- c<) co so 3JOi«cocoo>Oiooaoo5aaosco'*>o OKOC ifl DC NOOlQXMO 1Q XtrOHLK ■Trt^5--XC-Cr)X^-r-HCCC;»?J»' co oo co oo as t^> < u •oo ' o Q< : 5 _ £ Si. I'W : o •' 8 § J a .„ -* > © 6X) TnilSSs -aoooocd^Tlos^U'dooo q : : : : :; ^a :- M^hs : : c3 O fl O -d 3-5 a5 & ® te © •d-g-d o awn : 5 ° 2 O P-i 5» he ^d o^ .s -n x! 4s •S .S o o o o & fc 5? fc ooo J? £ £ C fi e c c3 c3 c3 c3 £ £ £ £ X3 XS o o o c ooo 2 2 2 ooo 432 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— :ptipojd veiimi •188j— mdap leioj, laaj— q^dep no •a a> .2 o U I ft «0 Eh umi'Bp aAoqB apmi^Y •;88J— I8A8J ■B8S A\opq epn^T^iv pe^Bj^sned sseu^oiqj, •;88j— do^ oq. q^doa i • x . I . da .2 © >.2. ft • CO 8 £?£> « i fc : eh £b A ft t-< CM l-H 1CIO © ■ 'NN S3S S : :3S «. — • ^ £3 °° o cm co c iffliOffiffiHO 00 ■>* t^ lO CM lOfflHONH CM CMCM-cHCM ooaoinmcote cm o oo r^ cm io OWlOOOOOCJ r-l tDIN^H CO CO -cf 00 CO -*! 00 CO (ONNNlOOin t- CM CO CM (^ O ^H^Ci-^TfiCMCO -^ Ci CO 00 "^< t^ 00 CI CO 00 Ci CO CS CO CO CO - IC CO r-H l-l T-H CM iiOOf- 00 Ci H i* z; .^ . BLATCHLEY] TABLES OF WELL DATA. 43a co us s- 03 t- O IQOQ2 i— I C3 olgol o£o s :§ 3 „ 111' c3 o3 ®' COONOiOi g • >, »0co r- Tf eji co -ON'*COiOo & . SSoSo^oooooo'Oo'S ft ? 3 T3'Cd'OT3''d'£ r d 3 hhS^§£ "is C^ddo^ "3 "^ "**< ^ o &8f H^W £ ill ~ i s 2 o-as M « § 8 -■ CO lO CO CO iO uHC «3 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CN CO CO CO £ 52 ■ .2 JSJSO OOO17 glg.2f I ZOhPhQ ^ O OOOOO O fc 2 2 2 2 £ 2 _Cj c3 c3 c3 03 c3 "c3 "3 "3 "3 "3 "3 "3 "3 2; 2; 2 55 £ 2 2 .2 .2 .2.2.2.2.2.2.2 "o -a. .2 >> ,c 2 £252222 *c 'n22 e? 03 o o OOOOOOO cq pqooW S 1 OS S-i A O t-h CNMHlNM^rt COr-HCM CO CO Tt> O -28 G 434 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 •spxreq— pnpojd p3ijnii •^aj— q^dap p^oj, O CO 3S a •CO 28 g i s •;aaj— qjdap no SIHHH lOOtOtO ran^Bp OAoqe apn^t^v • = <* P. a>,2 tuO go's C5~ rH(Nrt(N Sl|f^- M 3g-2 ^3® co«2 « >.2£ CO CO CO CO oo i± ftp, °^ UP £ OJarj Q Q- O H ^8 ■2— • 3"3 +3 ® N N N -^< -*l -»l •«< T}< — r i co go 00 iO .CONOU5 Nh iOCOOh co co ■tcmtp'* r^;OoOTf3-';cocOLO,co>0>o .- — - co — V I- to CO OiHK — lO H C O - t^ I- N C X K i- ; iC iO X 73 CI M NrtNMfflC!H-H3rt3MOflv0MC0l0e0N !C»XN»»OLTL-cr. 00 — lOiQOOOI-tOiO «o O O iO o> os co oo so oo ec • o r. to x -/) c ^ ■* ©i— t © i-H Oi O *— < Oc t— iHOii- i 00 © "- 60 -r ©•a — 03 OS lO cm t~- tp -^ as t— as ■ © as ■* T to to t^ : iCNClKOMOXOMCKXCSNntStOmtCOO IOOX5!»^COX'»0'T!Ol-MM3SC»OiC!0 ONNtDOOHgOOiQONlON S38! ncl-cxml-cc;cmco;oxo iSononcs^oio CM t-ltO (OMrtHHM^CM^-rt-i . O — 1 CM CM —I .-H -* ,-( ,-♦ O W O 00 CO O uO (^ co t^HN .-I CM CO CO ■<»< 00 OiOCOiCOiOtOtOSXOOoOuOCMCMOiOOOt^-CMCMCMOiO CM Ci r* '00 •>* tO CM to O i «C CO --I CM f- CO t IMHCOOOOOH O5©-H^HCNCNC0CO-* ooo £f . . . s OCOJ .2 .2 .2 .2 2 2 2 2 2 2 o o ooo .2 .2 .2.2.2.2 2 5 2 22222 o o ooooo 2 o o o 2222 oooo i-l CN CO -S" tO 436 OIL FIELDS OF CRAWFORD AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES, [bull. no. 22 O w M £ o Pi 4a £ o E5 3 O • oj OJ •(MOO 'OOl ; to -* 1 03 CD 03 •qauBq— ;onpoad \m%mi SSSb : o o : -O ■ 00 . CO '%Ml— mdap iB^ojj i OO • i : •*i CO • ©to • to ■%d*j— mdap no . O i 55 • tOtO • toto '• to OQ mn^p 8Aoq« apnmjy 00IN«CO-HTl<-HNO5M TfOOCOtriOO'S'COCO'^CO •;88J— I8A81 B8S Avqpq apnmiv OhhohOhhoh •^98J— •OOXNiOO • CN1 i— 1 r-< r-i r-i •^88;— doj oi mfoa 0>-ie<100tOiOcoa5iotp LOHoa-iO)HO'*o •* (O to ^ O •* © to ■* to E 03 o ©■ » 1 2 £ 3 :m -5 3 :1 Sur- face ele- va- tion feet. iO O iO O to 00 CO CO CO CO CO CO TJ1 Tf - c 5 x -'. > 1 f 12 c c e i i *> 3 3 Name of oil company. .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2* '23 15 5 5 2 2 000 000 C3 O w n ■* 10 to t>- g . •j3 o CO CO 437 INDEX A PAGE Abandonment of wells in Illinois 181 Accumulation of oil 16, 18 k Under impervious cover 22 On LaSalle anticline 143 In Robinson pool 104 Ackman, pumping station at 164 Acknowledgments 12 Albion, prospecting near 16 Altitude of sands, method of determining 95 American bottoms, prospecting on 16 Annapolis, gas sold to 181 Anticline, definition of 22 Effect of 83 In Buchanan sand 108 In "Gas sand" 109 In Kirkwood sand 110 Anticlinal theory, confirmation of 11 Arches in Robinson pool 99 Areal extent of oil 12, 25, 27 Of oil 1 and in states 145 Production of oil 163 Armitage No. 2 well, record of 123 Associated Producers Co., pipe lines of 166 Aviston, prospecting near - 16 Axis of Illinois basin 142 Bailer, description of 154 Bailey pumpmg station 164 Bain, H. Foster, general sections by 26 Bakers Lane, loading racks 158 Band wheels, use of 152 Bartelso, prospecting near 16 Barren wells in Illinois , . . 145 Base map, use of 96 Bellair, gas areas near 181 Benoist farm, prospecting on 15 Sand, correlation of 109, 182 Big Four Oil Co., development by 106 Birds, gas sold to 181 Loading racks at 158 Boiler house, use of 158 Bolton, E. C, work of 164 Bond County sand correlation of 109 Bonus for oil leases 147 Bowers, J. D., No. 7 well, record of 129 Boyd No. 11 well, section of 119 Bramsky , Oscar E . , investigations of 20 Bridgeport gas areas 181 Loading racks 158 Pumping station 164 Tank farm 165 Bridgeport Oil Co., development of Bridge- port sand by 106 Bridgeport sand 15 Correlated with Pottsville 83 Cost of drilling to 153 Depth of 106 Development of 106 Distribution of 106, 137 Drilling of 154 Initial production in 137 Production, rank of 135 PAGE Production of, in Bridgeport Township. ... 137 In Dennison Township 137 In Lawrence County 106 In Petty Township 137 Salt water of, in Dennison Township 141 In Lawrence Township 140 Stratigraphy of 106 Thickness of 106 Type area of 137 Bridgeport Township, wells in Kirkwood sand 137 Gas in 108, 139 Gushers in Buchanan sand 137 Production 135, 137 Salt water 140 Structural relations of 137 Type area of Bridgeport and Buchanan sands 137 Wells in : 135 Brown & Hogue, purchased by Ohio Oil Co. . 163 Buchanan, R. O., farm 107 Buchanan sand 15 Anticlinal dome of 108 Cost of drilling to 153 Discovery of 107 Gas in Bridgeport Township 139 In Lawrence County 107 In Petty Township 136 Production of, in Bridgeport Township 137 In Dennison Township 138 Salt water 107 In Bridgeport Township 140 In Lawrence Township 140 Structure of 107 Tvpe area of 107, 137 Bull wheel, use of 152 Bureau County, gas in 182 Burton Bros, development of Kirkwood sand by 109 Busch and Everett, development of Tracey sand by Ill Cady, Gilbert, work of 28 California oil land 145 Campbell Hill, prospecting near 16 Capillary action 19, 20 Carbondale formation in Crawford County ... 53 Stratigraphy of * 28 Carlinville, gas near 183 Prospecting near 15 Carlinville limestone, correlation of 53 Carlyle oil field, description of 16 Oil prices in 169 Carlyle sand correlation of 109 Carter, L. D., prospecting by 14 Carmi, prospecting near 16 Casey, gas sold to 181 Loading rack at 158 Pumping station at 164 Casey pool, development from 146 Casey, sand, position of 29 Casing, use of 155 Weight of per foot 160 Central Refining Co., Perrv King No. 5 well.. 12s Refinery at Lawrenceville 16 Tank car shipments of 166 438 Index — Continued. PAGE Cerro Gordo, axis near 142 Champaign, gas near 183 Champaign County, prospecting in '. 15 Chester formations, description of 30, 31 Distribution of 31 In Lawrence County 83 Kirkwood sand in 84, 109 Limestone strata of 83 Red shale in 84 Salt water in Lawrence County 140 Top of 29, 82 Childress No. 3 well, record of 78 Christian County, gas in 182 Circulation of oil 18, 20 Clark County, acreage drawn on by oil wells . 151 Cost of wells in 153 Gas sand in 182 LaSalle anticline in 142 Production, daily 163 Prospecting in 12 Storage tanks in 165 Clapp, Frederick G., classification of structure by 23 Coal fields, selection of well sites in 151 Cobden, prospecting near 16 Cochran, C. T., No. 9 well, record of 51 Colchester, gas near 183 Columnar section 84 Of Crawford County 33 Of Lawrence County 54 Contour lines, use of 11, 12, 96 Of Robinson sand 99 Of Honey Creek pool 99 Contract for drilling 151 Cornplanter Refining Co., shipments of . . .166, 169 Correlation of Benoist and Kirkwood sand. . . 182 Or Bridgeport and Pottsville sands 83 Of Carlinville limestone 53 Of " Gas sand" 108 Of Kirkwood sand 109, 182 Of Robinson sand 98 Of Bridgeport sands 82 Cost of drilling wells 152, 153, 160 Of operating a lease 161 Coulterville, prospecting near 16 Crawford County — Acreage drawn on by oil wells 151 Carbondale formations in 53 Columnar section in 33 Cost of wells in 153 Development in 14, 146 Drift in 52 Extent of pools 97 Gas sand and gas pressure 182 Geology of 97, 142 McLeansboro formations in 32, 53 Pennsylvanian rocks in 53 Pleistocene in 52 Pottsville formation 54 Production, daily 163 Prospecting in 13 Shallow sand in 99 Stratigraphy of 32, 52 Structure of 99 Storage tanks in 165 Crawford County Oil, Gas & Coal Co., work of 13 Cross-section A-A 114 B-B 123 C-C 125 D-D 130 Cross-section of Lawrence County 114 Cross-sections, use of 11, 96 Method of construction 114 Cumberland, pumping station at 164 Cumberland County, production in 163 Gas found and gas pressure 182 Cummings No. 12 well, record of 70 Curtis, C. F., No. 8, well, record of 44 Curtis & Aiken, record of Fitch No. 17 well . . 119 Cypress sandstone, unfavorable 31 D PAGE Duncanville pool, development of 14 Day, Dr. David T., investigations of 20 Oil statistics compiled by 167 Decline in shallow fields 163 In Illinois fields 181 Decatur, prospecting near 16 Dennison Township, best wells in McClosky sand 137 Drift in 82 Gas in 139, 140 Kirkwood sand, most productive 137 Production in 135 Production of Bridgeport sand 137 Of Buchanan sand 138 Of Kirkwood sand 138 Of Tracey sand 138 Salt water in 141 Structural relations in 137 Type area of Buchanan sand 107 Wells in 135 Denny, prospecting near 16 Derricks 152, 153 Derry Township, prospecting in 13 Deuchler, W. E., work of 12,94 Development of oil properties 146 DeWitt County, depth of gas and gas pressure 182 DeWolf, F. W., work of 28 Diatoms as the origin of oil 17 Diffusion of oil through rocks 17 Through Fuller's earth 21 Dip of Buchanan sand 107 Of Kirkwood sand Ill Of McClosky sand on LaSalle anticline 114 In Petty Township 113 Of Robinson sand 100 Dome Structure 83 Of Buchanan sand 108 Of "Gas" sand 109 Of Kirkwood sand HO Drake, J. M., No. 23 well, record of 47 Drift gas 26, 183 Drilling, method of 154 Cost of 153 Drive pipe 155, 160 Drole No. 7 well, record of 117 Dry spots in Robinson pool 100 Dry holes in Illinois, table of 180 Duncanville pool, general level of 100 Price of oil 167 DuQuoin, prospecting near 16 East St. Louis, refineries at 166 Economic features of Illinois field 145 Edgar County, daily production in 163 Depth of gas and gas pressure 182 Edwards County, in Illinois basin 142 Edwards, O. F., No. 15 well 35 Efficiency of gravity system 165 Of Illinois operators 145 Eldorado, prospecting near 16 Ellis, J. R. , work of 91, 93 Eshelman No 7 well, record of 129 No. 16 well, record of 129 F Finley, D. T., early work of 14 Fitch No. 17 well, record of 119 Flat Rock, gas sold to 181 Flat Rock pool, correlation of 14 General level of l°y Fuller's earth, diffusion through 21 Fusulina fossil as a marker 28, 33, 44, 53 Fyffe, E., No. 29 well, record of 126 439 Index — Continued. G PAGE Gas, areas of 118, 182 Depths of •. . 182 Gravitation of 22 In, at or near: Bridgeport sand 140 Bridgeport Township 139 Buchanan sand 139 Carlinville 183 Dennison Township 140 Drift formations 26 "Gas sand" 139 Jacksonville 183 Kirkwood sand 139 Lawrence Township 140 LaSalle anticline 143 McClosky sand 139 Morgan County 183 Pettv Township 138, 139 Robinson pool 99, 103 Tracev sand 139 Pressure of 20, 182 Production of in Illinois 181 Gas, sold to: Annapolis 181 Birds 181 Bridgeport 181 Casey 181 Flat Rock 181 Hutsonville 181 Marshall 181 Martinsville 181 New Hebron 181 Oblong 181 Olnev 181 Palestine 181 Pinkstaff 181 Porterville 181 Robinson 181 S toy 181 Sumner 181 Vincennes 181 Westfield 181 Structural relations of 138 Use of 147, 181 "Gas sand,'-' absent along D-D cross-section. . 130 Anticlinal dome of 109 Correlation of 108 In, at or near: Bridgeport Township 108, 139 Lawrence County 83, 108 Marion County 182 Petty Township 139 Sandoval 182 Structure of 109 Thickness of 108 Gas wells, price of per year 147 Geological sections of central Illinois 26 Of southern Illinois 26 Geologic structures 22 Georgetown, Ky., Indian Refining Co., at 166 Gillespie, E. X., record of Smith Xo. 24 well . 130 Gilpin, J. Elliot, investigations of 20 Grades of oil 167 Grafton, prospecting near 16 Gravitation of oil, gas and water 22 Gravity lines to leases 164 Gray, W. B . , record of No. 2 well 63 Greenville, correlation of sand 109 Gas area near 182 Prospecting near 16 Griswold, W. T., theories of oil accumulation. 24 Gushers from McCloskv sand 135 Hamilton County, Illinois basin in 142 Hansen, prospecting near 16 Hardinville, gas areas near 97, 181 PAGE Hardinville quadrangle, description of . . .86,87,91 Hey worth, drift gas near 183 Henry Xo. 1 well, record of 133 Herrick, prospecting near 16 Herrin coal and Carbondale formation 28 Hoblitzell, J. J., work of 14 Honev Creek pool, opening of 14 Structure of 99 Hutsonville, gas sold to 181 Illinois, natural gas in 181 Wells drilled in 145, 181 Rank as a gas state 181 As an oil state 145 Stratigraphy of 25 Structure of 32 Illinois basin, axis of 142 Illinois oil fields, efficiency of 145, 146 Extent of 145 Saturation theories for 24 Impromptu Exploration Co., prospecting of. . 15 Independent oil companies 166 Indian Refining Co., operations of 163 Initial productions in Illinois 101, 135, 180 Of Kirkwood sand 109 Of Robinson sand 101 International Oil and Gas Co., development by 112 Interval between: Buchanan sand and " Gas sand" 108 Chester and " Gas sand" 83 Kirkwood sand and "Gas sand" 110 Kirkwood and Tracey sands Ill Tracey sand and Chester 84 Tracey and McClosky sands 113 Investments in oil properties 162, 163 Iola, prospecting near 16 Irick, William, wells of • 13 Iuka, prospecting near 16 J Jacksonville, oil and gas wells near 183 Jamestown, Ind., pumping station at 165 Jennings Oil Co., purchase of 163 Jersey ville, prospecting near 16 Johnson, H. H., work of 12 Jones, J. C, work of 12 Jones, D. C, wells on farm of 13 K Kane, prospecting near 16 Kirkwood, Thomas, development of Kirk- wood sand 109 Kirkwood, R. M., Xo. 7 well, record of 69 Kirkwood sand 15 Anticlinal dome in 110 Correlation of 109, 182 Development of 109 Drilling costs 153 Dips of HI Extent of 109, 111, 136 In Bridgeport Township 137, 139 Chester formations 84 Dennison Township 137, 140, 141 Lawrence County 109, 135, 138 Lawrence Township 137, 139, 141 Petty Township 139, 140 Initial production of 109 Intervals of 110, 111 Production of 135 Structure and thickness of 110 Time required to drill to 153 Type locality of Ho 440 Index — Continued. PAGE LaSalle anticline 32 Course and extent of 142, 144 In, at or near: Champaign Count}- 15 Clark County 142 Sadorus 142 St. Francisville 142 Tuscola 142 Oil and gas on 143 Prospective pools on 144 Lawrence County, acreage drawn on by oil wells 151 Bridgeport sand of 108 Buchanan sand of 107 Chester rocks of 83 Cost of drilling in 153 Development of 15 Drilling time in 153 Gas, depth of 182 " Gas sand" in 83, 108 Gas wells in 130 Geology of 82, 83, 105, 142 Importance of 135, 143, 161 Kirkwood sand of 109 McClosky sand of 112 Production, initial 135, 136 Production of sands 105, 135, 163 Prospective pools in 144 Salt water in 140 Storage tanks in 165 Stratigraphy of 54, 82 Structure of 106, 114, 138, 140, 143 Tracey sand of 84, 111 Wells drilled in 135 Lawrence Township, Buchanan sand in . .107, 137 Gas in 140 Kirkwood sand, type area in 137 McClosky sand in 137 Productions, initial 135 Salt water in 140, 141 Structural relations in ■. 137 Wells in 135 Lawrenceville, gas sold to 181 Loading racks at 158 Refinery at 166 Lease, cost of operating 161 Equipment 147, 157 Use of 146 Leasing of oil properties 146, 147, 148 Lee County, gas in 182 Lee Oil Co., purchased by Ohio Oil Co 163 Lenses of oil sands 98, 109 Levels in the oil field 87 Lima, oil pumped to 165 Limestone as the source of oil 18 Lindley, correlation of Kirkwood sand 109 Litchfield oil and gas sands t 12, 13, 29 Loading racks, construction of 158 Locke level, use of 94 Logs of cross-section A-A 115 B-B 123 C-C 125 D-D 130 Lovington, axis near 142 M Macoupin County, prospecting in 15 Marion County, correlation of Benoist sand . . 109 " Gas sand" in 182 Prospecting in 15 Storage tanks in 165 Marissa, prospecting near 16 Martin Township, dome in 103 Marshall, gas sold to 181 Prospecting near 16 PAGE Martinsville, gas sold to 181 Loading racks at 158 Pumping station at 164 Mascoutah, prospecting near 16 McCleave, S. G., No. 4 well, record of 71 McClosky, M.,farm 112 McClosky oil, sulphur in 113 McClosky sand 15 At, in or near: h Bridgeport Township 139 Dennison Township 137, 140 Lawrence County 112, 135, 138 Lawrence Township 137 Petty Township 139 Ste. Genevieve formation 31, 85 Description of 85, 113 Dips in Petty Township 113 Drilling, cost of 153 Time of 153 Extent of 112 Origin of oil from 18 Production in Bridgeport Township 137 Production, initial 113, 135 Salt water of 140, 141 Structural relations of 113, 136 McLeansboro formation in Crawford County 32, 53 Mcllroy, prospecting by 15 McOrr No. 1 well, record of 131 McPherson No. 3 well, record of 67 No. 4 well, record of 68 Migration of oil 18 Mississippian rocks, oil sands in 29 In Lawrence County 83 Missouri-Illinois Oil Co., shipments of 166, 169 Montgomery County, prospecting in 12 Montpelier, pumping station at 165 Morgan county, gas wells in 183 Muchmore, pumping station at 164 Muddy Creek, pumping station at 164 N Nashville , prospecting near 16 Natural gas in Illinois 181, 183 Origin of 18 New Hebron, gas sold to * 181 Newlin, L. R., No. 21 well, record of 38 Niagara limestone, oil in 13 Nitroglycerine, use of 155, 156, 157 Northern Illinois, geologic sections of. 2b North Fork, pumping station at - 164 North Fork Oil Co., purchased by Ohio Oil Co. 163 Nutall, S. B., No. 5 well, record of 124 Oakland, prospecting near 14 Oblong, gas sold to l°i Loading racks at 1*>° O'Donnel No. 28 well, record of °* Ohio Oil Co., acknowledgment to 12,3d Discovery of Buchanan sand by I 07 . Operations of 146, 163, 164, 165, 166, 169, 175 Oil, accumulation of 16, 18 Amount of in Illinois 145 Circulation of 18 Development of, in Illinois 1* Diffusion of j- 7 Geological work on 24,95 Gravitation of 22 In St. Louis limestone 31 Origin of 16, 18 Specific gravity of 20 Structural relation of 100 Storage of 147, 157, 164 Sulphur in 21 Value of, in Illinois 145 441 Index — Continued. PAGE Oil fields, description of 97, 143 Levels in 87 Oil leases, specifications of 148 Oil sands, extent of 27 In Mississippian rocks 29 Oil tanks, use of 157 Oil wells, acreage drawn on 151 Elevation of 94 Near Litchfield 13 Oilfield, loading racks at 158 Prospecting near 14 Oklahoma, extent of petroleum land 145 Old Ripley, prospecting near 16 OIney, axis of Illinois basin near 142 Gas sold to 181 Prospecting near 10 Omaha, prospecting neajfc. 16 Ordovician system 32 Origin of oil and gas 16, 17, 18 P Palestine, gas sold to 181 Parker & Edwards, purchased by Ohio Oil Co. 163 Parker Township, prospecting in 12, 14 Patton, prospecting near 16 Pennsylvania, extent of petroleum land in. . . 145 Pennsylvania rocks, extent of 27 In Crawford County 53 In Lawrence County 82 Pepple, A., No. 7 well, record of 77 Perkins No. 16 well, record of 122 No. 17 well 121 No. 19 75 No. 22 120 No. 28 120 Perry King No. 5 well, Cen. Refin. Co., record of 128 Petty No. 1 well, record of 116 No. 3 well, record of 117 Petty Township, Bridgeport sand in 137 Buchanan sand in 136 Drift in 82 Gas in 138,139 " Gas sand" in 108, 110, 136 Kirkwood sand in 110, 136, 139 McClosky sand in 113 Oil in 136 Production, initial yield 135, 136 Salt water in 140 Structural features in 113, 136 Structural relations of oil and gas 139 Tracey sand in 139 Wells in ; 135 Phillips, J. S., prospecting of 14 Pike County, gas in 13, 16, 182 Pinkstaff, gas sold to 181 Pipe-lines, use of, in Illinois 148, 167, 169 Piper No. 9 well, record of 118 No. 10 well, record of 81 Pleistocene in Crawford County 52 In Lawrence County 82 Pocahontas, prospecting near 16 Pollution of streams by waste oil 160 Porosity of sands 23 Portable drilling rigs, use of 153 Porterville, gas sold to 181 Pottsville formation, description of 29 In Crawford County 54 In Lawrence County 82 In Macoupin County 15 Salt water in 29, 140 Structure of 29 Studies of 29 Thickness of 29 Pressure of drift gas 183 Of gas in Robinson pool 103 Of oil in pipe lines 165 Princeton, Ind., prices of oil at 169 —29 Gt PAGE Prospective pools of Crawford and Lawrence counties 144 Pull rods, use of 159 Pumper, wages of 161 Pumping equipment 159 Pumping stations in Illinois 164, 165 Pure Oil Co., pipe lines of . . 166 R Randolph County, correlation of sand 109 Prospecting in 13 Rank of Illinois as gas state 181 Rank of producing states 170, 171 Red shale, distribution of 28, 84, 109 Rich view, prospecting near 16 Riddle Oil Co., purchased by Ohio Oil Co. ... 163 Rig, building of 152 Robinson, gas sold to 181 Loading racks at 15$ Refinery at 166 Robinson Oil Co., refinery at Robinson, 111 166 Robinson pool, accumulation in 104 Anticlines in 99 Development of 14 Extent of 97, 99, 100, 104 Gas in 103 Production of 100, 103 Salt water in 103, 104 Structure of 99 Syncline in 99 Robinson sand, absence of 98 Correlation of 98 Description of 97, 98 Gas in 99 Oil in 100 Production of 100 Thickness of 98, 100 Robinson Township, prospecting in 13 Gas in 103 Rock pressure, effect of 20 Roger and Dibble, shipments of 166, 169 Royalty, payment of 147 Sadorus, anticline near 142 St. Francisville, anticline near 142 Salt water in: Robinson pool 104 Bridgeport sand 140, 14 1 Bridgeport Township 140 Buchanan sand 107 Dennison Township 141 Kirkwood sand 140,141 Lawrence County 140 Lawience Township 140 McClosky sand 140, 141 Petty Township 140 Pottsville formations 29, 140 Synclines 103, 104, 140 Tracey sand 141 Salt water, siphoning of 159 Sandoval, " Gas sand" near 182 Oil prices at 169 Prospecting near 15 Pumping station at 164 Sands, correlation of 95 Names of 95 Porosity of 23 Saturation line of sands 143 Savage, T. E., work of 28 Seed, H. K, No. 1 well, record of 132 No. 2 well, record of 131 No. 7 well, record of 61 Shale as the origin of oil 17, 18, 21 Shallow sands, distribution of 29, 99, 106 Shiltz, M., No. 7 well, record of 33 442 Index — Oonohiflod . PAGE Shipman, pumping station at 164 Shire, J. W., farm of 14 Shooting oil wells 155, 15(3, 157 Siler, C. E., No. 4 well, record of 41 Silurian formations 31 Smith No. 24 well, record of 130 Snyder, W. H., No. 7 well, record of 55 Southern Illinois, geological sections of 20 Sparta oil field 15 Sparta sand, correlation of 109 Specific gravity, effect of 20 S pecifications of oil leases 148 Spudding, method of 154 Ste. Genevieve limestone, description of.31, si, 113 In Lawrence County 84 In Monroe County 81 St. Louis limestone, description of 85 Distinguished from Ste. Genevieve 113 In Lawrence County 85 Oil in 31 Standard rig, use of 152, 153 Statistics, method of compiling 169 Steel derrick, use of 153 Stein farm, oil on 15 Stoltz No. 13 well, Bridgeport Oil Co., record of 125 Storage tanks 166 Stoy, gas sold to 181 Loading racks at 158 Pumping station at 164, 166 Tank farm at 165 Stratigraphy, definition of 25 Of Bridgeport sand 106 Of Chester rocks 31 Of Crawford County 32, 53, 54 Of Illinois 25 Of Lawrence County 32, 54, 82 Of Pottsville formations 54 Of Ste. Genevieve limestone 31 Stream pollution by oil 160 Structure, definition of 25 Of Buchanan sand 107 Crawford County 99 " Gas sand" 109 Illinois 32 Kirkwood sand 110 LaSalle anticline 142 McClosky sand 113 Pottsville sand 29 Tracey sand 112 Shown by cross-sections 12 Relation 'to oil, gas and salt water 100, 103 Sulphur in McClosky oil 113 Method of removal 159 Sumner, gas sold to 181 Prospecting near 16 Sumner quadrangle, description of 86, 89, 93 Sun Oil Co., shipments of 166, 169 Syncline, definition of 22 T Terrace structure 23 Tanks, for storage 147, 158, 165, 166 Tank-cars of Indian Refining Co 166 Theory of origin of oil 11 Of water saturation 24 Thomasboro, prospecting near 16 Thompson, D. G., work of: 12 Tidewater Pipe Line Co., pipe lines of 166, 169 Tolono, prospecting near 15 Topographic surveys of oil areas 86 Townships, abbreviation of 96 Tracey, pumping station at 164 Tracey, R. J., farm, Tracey sand on m Tracey Heirs No. 1 well, record of. , 134 Tracey sand .."... 15 Character of !!!!!!!!"iil 112 Development of ' \\\ Drilling, cost of 15;} Gasin 138 139 In Dennison Township 13s Lawrence County S i, i i i, 135, 138 Petty Township j;$q Oil from ig Structure of 112 Type localities of 1 1 1 Transporting oil 163 ku Trenton, prospecting near ' 16 Tribune formation, description of .31 83 In Lawrence County .* 83 Tubing for wells 157 Tuscola, course of anticline near 142 U Udden, Dr. J. A., work of 12, 28, 34 53 85 Ulrich, description of Ste. Genevieve lime-' stone by $4 U. S. Geological Survey, work of '. 'sf>, 87 V Vandalia, prospecting near \q Vincennes, gas sold to '....'.'. 181 Vincennes quadrangle, description of 86,93 94 Vanatta No. 1 well, record of ' . ' 80 No. 7 well, record of .... 7s W Wapella, drift gas near 183 Waste-pits, use of 159, 160 Water saturation line of LaSalle anticline ' 143 Waterloo, prospecting near if, Watson, W. F., shipments of 169 Waverly, prospecting near 10 Wayne County, basin in 142 Well or wells: Abandoned in Illinois 1 si Completed in Illinois 179 Drilled in Lawrence County 135 In Illinois 12 Off-setting of 151 Well data, tables of 185 Well locations 151 Well numbers, system of 96 Well records, collection of 94 Well samples, examination of 34 Well sites, choosing of 151 Well supplies, cost of 161 Westfield, gas sold to 181 West Virginia, extent of petroleum land 145 White, David, study of Pottsville 29 Wild-cat drilling 152, 162 Willey No. 4 well, record of . .' 76 No. 11 well, record of 128 Wilson, J. E., No. 21 well, record of 49 Wood No. 13 well, record of 79 Wright, Douglas, work of 12 Y Young farm , prospecting on U