RSITY HEATING SYSTEM 
 
 TIurch Kerr & Co. 
 orporated. 
 
 Engineers. 
 
 New York, U.S.A., June n, 1904. 
 
 L. Williams , Treasurer , 
 
 Cornell University , Ithaca , iV. K. 
 
 ar Sir ;— 
 
 Mr. Steele has completed his report on the University steam gener- 
 ring and distributing system and we are pleased to hand you here¬ 
 with enclosed a copy of this report with two white prints upon which 
 we have in red and black indicated the present piping and the pro¬ 
 posed extensions of the immediate future, the latter being for the 
 supply of steam to the new Goldwin Smith and Rockefeller Halls. 
 
 Two systems have been considered, one, which is called Plan One 
 in the report is an extension of the present arrangement. The second, 
 called Plan Two in the report is for the supplementing of the present 
 arrangement with a second steam generating plant which is shown in 
 black ink as near Sibley. This, however, might be in any one of the 
 nearby buildings if desired or at some such point as indicated. 
 
 We have carefully considered the various features connected with 
 the deterioration of the present plant, the extension of the University 
 and the fact that 90 per cent, of the heating is on the northern half of 
 the Campus while the steam producing plant is almost at the southern 
 end of the southern half. 
 
 We have, as you will notice, suggested slightly different methods of 
 entering Goldwin Smith Hall and Rockefeller Hall than shown in the 
 plans for the heating of these two buildings. This we have done sug¬ 
 gestively, it being suggested economy over and above the other meth¬ 
 od. It is our understanding that such manner of entry to Rockefeller 
 Hall and possibly Goldwin Smith Hall are not desired from the stand¬ 
 point of design of matters within the buildings themselves but now 
 that the consideration of the general heating and distributing system 
 is up it might be well for us all to review these two items with a view 
 to somewhat more economical performance. 
 
 We would call your attention to the estimate attached to the report 
 which shows in approximate figures the cost which you might expect 
 to incur should you follow out one of the proposed methods. This 
 estimate of cost is so made that it reflects sections of the work to en¬ 
 able you as much as possible to plan how much you wish to do, we 
 having however, assumed a certain minimum which by either the first 
 or the second plans falls around $50,000. 
 
 In general, after fully canvassing the entire situation we feel that 
 Plan No. One, namely the extension of the boiler plant as at present 
 
located with proper enlargement of the feec 
 to attempt at the present at least, the installation^ 
 plant for assisting at the time of maximum loading? 
 
 This because the cost of extension is a trifle less for yoiir^ 
 needs, while the ultimate cost of renewing of the various mal 
 you must doubtless soon face is against the Plan No. Two. 
 caused by the fact that you have now installed a system whose 
 eral lines would not be changed by Plan No. One. If you could 
 back to a clean slate and could plan some of the buildings near Sfll 
 ley, such as Franklin Hall, Sibley College itself, or Lincoln Hall, s<! 
 that a couple of 250 H.P. boilers could be installed within the build- 1 
 ing in such a way that the waste heat from such installation could be 
 allowed to rise through the building for warming, it is quite probable 
 that Plan No. Two would work out. As matters now stand however, 
 w’e do not see sufficient warrant for it to counterbalance the effect of 
 the heavy teaming across the Campus to supply coal to the boilers so 
 located, in addition to which there is the necessity for stacks and 
 other somewhat unornamental apparatus and buildings which is placed 
 where they now are is about as good as any point on the Campus. 
 
 With respect to the matter of extension of the existing plant it can 
 be made in either direction. It is shown toward the body of the Cam¬ 
 pus but if you prefer it on the lower end and the cost of foundations 
 is not prohibitive it can be easily placed at that side. 
 
 Would call your attention to the fact that we have deliberately 
 drawn a line through Boardman Hall. We prefer to see the main 
 that supplies the new buildings pass through instead of around this 
 building. 
 
 You will note in the report that one advantage of having the boilers 
 more centrally located would be a better maintenance of pressures at 
 the several points where steam is used for heating and ventilating, en¬ 
 abling steam engines to be used instead of electric motors for driving 
 ventilating apparatus and it is with regret that we do not find suffi¬ 
 cient warrant for a recommendation of the location of boilers on the 
 Campus proper, as the cost of operating ventilating fans with steam 
 engines is very small since the exhaust steam would be used in the 
 heater. 
 
 There are a number of matters in this that may not be as clear to 
 you as to us who have been working over it for some days. We would 
 say in closing that if you desire, Mr. Steele can come up and go over 
 matters with you but it might be well to have him do this after you 
 have had a chance to look over the report and sketches. We append 
 to the report a summary showing apparatus as found in the various 
 buildings. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 W. W. CHURCHILL, 
 
 Third Vice President. 
 
REPORT ON CENTRAL STEAM HEATING PLANT, 
 CORNELL UNIVERSITY. 
 
 General: 
 
 The buildings of the University are heated by live steam which is 
 generated in the Central boiler plant and distributed by underground 
 pipes to the various buildings. The steam pressure carried at the 
 boiler house varies from 20 to 45 pounds, depending on the outside 
 temperature. The water of condensation is returned to the boilers 
 through a system of piping which discharges into receiver tanks from 
 which it is pumped into the boilers. About 20% of the water is wasted, 
 due to leakage and also to the fact that in several of the buildings a 
 portion of the water is discharged into the sewers, as their basements 
 are below the level of the return pipe. 
 
 Boiler Plant: 
 
 The boiler plant has a rated capacity of 1000 H.P. and consists of 
 two 250 H.P. Babcock & Wilcox Water Tube Boilers and five 100 H.P. 
 horizontal return tubular boilers. They are equipped with McClave 
 shaking grates and Argand steam jet blowers. They are two 8" x 5" x 
 io' 7 boiler feed pumps ; one 750 gal. and one 1500 gal. receiving tanks for 
 return water. The chimney is brick, 6 ft. square and 96 ft. high. 
 There is a high pressure steam main, to which the boiler feed pumps 
 and blowers are connected, and one of the H.R.T. boilers is operated 
 at 90 pounds pressure to furnish steam for this purpose. The steam 
 for heating the Armory and Gymnasium is also taken from the high 
 pressure main. Fuel used is No. 1 Buckwheat Coal. 
 
 Piping : 
 
 The main steam pipe is \o" in diameter from the boilers to the man¬ 
 hole where the branch is taken off for Sage College, the distance being 
 951 ft. ' The main from this point to Morrill Hall, a distance of 1030 
 ft., is 8" pipe ; the rest of the main is 6" pipe. The various junction 
 points have been marked by letters on the plans, and sections will be 
 referred to by these letters. The branches to the various buildings 
 are 3 // , 4 // , or 5" pipe. The length of the pipe in the present mains 
 and branches is as follows : 
 
 Mains. 
 
 \o "— 951 ft. (A.B.) 
 
 S f/ -—1030 ft. (B.C.D.) 
 6 "—1060 ft. (D.E.F.) 
 
 Branches. 
 
 5 "— 37° ft. (approximate) 
 4 "—1710 ft. (approximate) 
 3 // — 540 ft. (approximate) 
 
 The return main is 4" in diameter with branches 1" to 2" in diameter. 
 
 The present steam piping has been in use for eleven years, and a 
 part of the pipe had previously been used for about five years in the 
 original heating plant from Sibley College. The pipe is covered with 
 w r ooden log, lined with a standard glazed tile. In some cases, where 
 it was difficult to slip the tile into the log, it was omitted. The log 
 
4 
 
 is now water-soaked and rotten. Wherever the pipe has been uncov¬ 
 ered for repairs the log has been split off and replaced with a wooden 
 box. The pipe is not thoroughly underdrained, and there are a num¬ 
 ber of places where the surface water comes in contact with it. This 
 condition of the pipe line results in a much greater loss than would 
 be the case with a properly laid and covered pipe. There is no data 
 available giving the exact amount of loss of heat at the present time. 
 
 Under the present conditions the loss of pressure between the boiler 
 room and Morse Hall (where pressure is lowest on system) amounts 
 to from 40 to 45 pounds in extreme cold weather. This loss is partly 
 caused by the excessive condensation in the pipe and the waste of 
 steam due to the absence of proper reducing valves and traps in many 
 of the buildings. However, the present pipe will be inadequate to 
 carry the additional steam required by Goldwin Smith and Rockefeller 
 Halls, except during moderate weather. 
 
 Reducing Valves: 
 
 Each building is provided with a valve or regulator for reducing the 
 pressure of the steam in the heating system of the building. Most of 
 the buildings are provided with the old style Holly Regulators, which 
 do not work satisfactorily. In several of the buildings no automatic 
 reducing valves are used, but the supply valve is partly closed so as to 
 throttle the steam and thus reduce the pressure. The pressure on the 
 heating systems in the buildings varies over wide ranges, and in some 
 cases becomes practically the same as in the high pressure mains. 
 
 Traps : 
 
 Traps are provided in each building to discharge the condensation 
 from the heating system into the return, but in many of the buildings 
 these traps are worn out and cannot be kept in operating condition 
 and the house return is connected direct to the main through the by¬ 
 pass pipe. This gives practically a free outlet to the water and steam, 
 and, with the high pressure which is frequently carried on the heating 
 system, a large amount of steam is wasted. 
 
 Heating System : 
 
 The heating system in the buildings usually consist of low pressure 
 mains in the basement, with risers to the radiators on the various 
 floors. The main and risers, being dripped into the return main, run 
 near the basement floor. The one pipe riser system is used exclusively. 
 The character of the heating surface is given in table “B.” The 
 attached table “ A ” shows the style of reducing valves, traps, low 
 pressure mains, risers, etc., installed in the various buildings. 
 
 New Boiler Plant : 
 
 The attached table “ B ” shows the cubic contents and number of 
 B.T.U. required to heat the various buildings. The total heat required in 
 
B.T.U. by the buildings now in use is 30,856,000. Adding to this the esti¬ 
 mated amount of heat required for the Goldwin Smith and Rockefeller 
 Halls, which is 9,720,000, makes the total heat required 40,576,000 
 B.T.U. Assuming that the loss in the steam pipes will equal 10%, the 
 total heat required at the boiler plant will be 45,085,000 B.T.U., which 
 is equivalent to 1480 horse power. To provide for additional steam 
 used for operating feed pumps and blowers and for heating water for 
 baths and other purposes, 1500 horse power of boilers will be required. 
 The present boilers (1000 H.P.) are in good condition, need not be 
 disturbed, and 500 horse power of new boilers should be provided. 
 
 The present boiler equipment completely fills the boiler house, so 
 that it will be necessary to extend it or build a new house. An addi¬ 
 tional chimney will also be required. 
 
 The new boiler house and chimney should be designed to provide 
 for not less than 1000 H.P. of boilers, so that additional boilers can 
 be installed as more buildings are added. 
 
 Changes in Piping. 
 
 In order to provide for supplying steam to Goldwin Smith and 
 Rockefeller Halls, additions to or changes in the present pipe sys¬ 
 tem will be required. While the present pipe may last for several 
 years if undisturbed, it is probably not in fit condition to relay, and 
 new pipe should be used where changes are made. In laying pipe it 
 should be placed in a tunnel or in a concrete trench, provided with 
 removable covers to give access to the pipe to facilitate repairs. 
 The attached sketches show the construction of such a tunnel and 
 such a pipe trench. The tunnel would be the best construction for 
 mains and the trench might be considered sufficient for branches but 
 if the tunnel cost be not considered too high for branches it should 
 be used. Wherever practical to do so, the mains 'should be run in 
 the basements of buildings, as this will reduce the cost of construction 
 while a portion of the heat radiated from the pipes will then be 
 utilized in useful heating. Changes should not be made in the 
 present pipes, except those required by the addition of the new build¬ 
 ings, until renewal is made necessary, this because of the deteriora¬ 
 tion of the pipe and the fact that when disturbed it is quite likely to 
 prove a loss. Wires for electric lighing could also be installed in the 
 tunnels and thus save the cost of a conduit system and the unsightli¬ 
 ness of the overhead lines. 
 
 Reducing Valves and Traps : 
 
 All buildings should be equipped with reducing valves and traps, 
 in good working condition, the defective ones now in service being 
 replaced with new ones. 
 
 The heating requirements of the various buildings are such that 
 90% of the heat is used in the buildings on the north half of the 
 
6 
 
 campus, while only io$> is used on the south half of the campus, 
 nearest the central heating station. This necessitates the transmission 
 of a large quantity of steam over a considerable distance, which re¬ 
 quires large mains, and results in a consequent loss from condensa¬ 
 tion. These conditions have raised the question of the advisability 
 of placing the new boilers, which are required for enlarging the 
 present plant, at a point nearer the center of the heating load. We 
 have therefore developed and studied two plans or systems as follows : 
 
 Plan No. i: 
 
 Enlarge present boiler house and coal bunker to provide for 1000 
 H.P. of boilers and provide steel chimney for same. Install 500 H.P. 
 of boilers together with feed pump, return water tank and boiler 
 room piping. Replace 8 7/ steam main from point opposite Sage Col¬ 
 lege to Boardman Hall with io // pipe carried in concrete tunnel. 
 Provide steam main from Boardman Hall to Goldwin Smith and 
 Rockefeller Halls. Provide new reducing valves and traps in old 
 buildings where necessary. Replace present mains and branches 
 with new pipe in tunnels or trenches from time to time as present 
 pipe fails. 
 
 Plan No. 2 : 
 
 Construct new boiler plant at some northern point either in or near 
 Sibley College or in the basement of some one of the buildings. 
 Plant to have present capacity of 500 H.P. and ultimate capacity of 
 not less than 1000 H.P. Connect boiler plant by a system of mains 
 to the new buildings and the old distributing system near Boardman 
 Hall and Sibley College. Pipe to be carried in concrete tunnel or 
 trenches. Provide new reducing valves and traps in old buildings 
 where necessary. Replace present mains and branches with new 
 pipe in tunnels or trenches from time to time as present pipe fails. 
 
 Plan No. 1 presents the following advantages : 
 
 The location of the present plant is not conspicuous and does not 
 detract from the appearance of the Campus. It is near the edge of 
 the Campus so that coal and ash wagons will have to transverse but a 
 short length of the roadways. All the firemen will be employed in 
 one building. Practically all the water of condensation will be re¬ 
 turned by gravity to the boiler house. The principal disadvantage 
 of Plan No. 1 is that it is such a great distance from the center of 
 the heating load, that large steam pipes are required which result in 
 a considerable loss from condensation and also the pressure on the 
 northern part of the Campus is too low to permit the operation of 
 steam driven ventilating fans. 
 
 The advantages possessed by plan No. 2 are that it would be located 
 near the center of the heating load and smaller mains would be used. 
 Sufficient steam pressure could be maintained at the various buildings 
 
7 
 
 to operate steam driven ventilating fans and thus effect a large saving 
 in operating. 
 
 The principal disadvantages of Plan No. 2 are : 
 
 The plant unless located in the basement of one of the buildings 
 will be quite prominent and a tall chimney will be unsightly. The 
 coal wagons will have to cross the Campus and this will tend to cut 
 up the roadways and increase the cost of maintaining them. It will 
 be more difficult to superintend the operation of two plants than one 
 although the cost of firemen will be no greater with two boiler plants 
 than with one. With the boiler plant located east of Central Avenue 
 the water of condensation from buildings west of Central Avenue 
 could not be returned by gravity, and pumps would be required. 
 
 Until extensive additions are made to the University Buildings 
 the boiler plant provided for in Plan No. 2 would need be operated 
 only during the three winter months and the present steam heating 
 plant would supply the required heat during the balance of the year. 
 
 Two estimates have been prepared, showing the present and ulti¬ 
 mate cost of both plans. These estimates show that practically the 
 same expenditure is required at the present time for both plans, but 
 that the ultimate cost of Plan No. 1 will be about $13,600 less than 
 Plan No. 2. 
 
 Estimates have been made and are appended hereto. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 WESTINGHOUSE, CHURCH, KERR & & 0 . 
 
 W. D. STEEEE. 
 
 ESTIMATED COST OF PLAN NO. 1. 
 
 The estimated cost to W. C. K. & Co. of extending present boiler 
 plant and changing the steam main is as follows : 
 
 Boiler House building and coal bunker, extended to pro¬ 
 vide for 1000 H.P. boilers, including brick-lined stack, 
 
 7 ft. x 150 ft_$16,100 00 
 
 Two 250 H.P. B. & W. boilers, erected, including brick¬ 
 work ; also feed pump, piping, smoke flue, etc- 12,100 00 
 
 New steam and return mains (Section B.C.), io 7/ steam 
 pipe and return pipe, carried in concrete tunnel, 
 Sage College manhole, to Boardman Hall. Old mains 
 not disturbed between power house and Sage College 
 manhole (Section A.B.) or from Boardman Hall to 
 
 Lincoln Hall (Section C.D., E. & P\)_ 9,200 00 
 
 Cost of reducing valves and traps in buildings not now 
 
 provided with ones in good working order_ 2,650 00 
 
8 
 
 Branch main to Goldwin Smith and Rockefeller Halls, in 
 basement of Boardman Hall and in tunnel to Goldwin 
 Smith Hall and in branch to Rockefeller Hall in con¬ 
 crete trench_ 
 
 Total cost of work required in 1904_ 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in a concrete trench in¬ 
 stead of a tunnel_ 
 
 Cost of replacing old main from Sage College manhole to 
 present boiler plant when pipe fails. Pipes to be 
 
 carried in concrete tunnel_ 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in a concrete trench 
 
 instead of in a tunnel_ 
 
 Cost of replacing old main (Section C.D.E.) when present 
 pipe fails. 8 // steam pipe and return pipe, Board- 
 man Hall to White Hall manholes—Pipes to be carried 
 
 in concrete tunnel_ 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in the basements of 
 Morrill, McGraw and White Halls instead of in tunnel 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in a concrete trench 
 
 instead of in a tunnel_ 
 
 Cost of replacing old branch pipes when they fail with new 
 pipes in concrete trenches. This includes replacing 
 W' branch main from White Hall to Lincoln Hall_ 
 
 SUMMARY—PUAN NO. I. 
 
 Building extension and chimney_ 
 
 Boiler plant_ 
 
 Replacing old main (Section B.C.), Sage College to Board- 
 
 man Hall in tunnel_ 
 
 Branch pipes to Goldwin-Smith and Rockefeller Halls_ 
 
 Changing reducing valves and traps_ 
 
 Replacing old main (Section A.B.), Sage College to boiler 
 
 house in tunnel_ 
 
 Replacing old main (Section C.D.E.), Boardman Hall to 
 
 White Hall in tunnel_ 
 
 Replacing branch pipes to present buildings and branch 
 main E. F. in concrete trench_ 
 
 Ultimate cost_ 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipes are carried in concrete trenches 
 instead of in tunnels : 
 
 Section B.C.—Sage to Boardman, also 
 
 new main to Goldwin Smith_$3,300 00 
 
 Section A.B.—Boiler house to Sage_ 3,000 00 
 
 Section C.D.E.—Boardman to White 3,000 00 
 
 Ultimate cost if trenches are used_ 
 
 10.500 00 
 150,550 00 
 
 3.300 00 
 
 12.500 00 
 3,000 00 
 
 12,200 00 
 2,700 00 
 3,000 00 
 
 13,000 00 
 
 $16,100 00 
 12,100 00 
 
 9,200 00 
 
 10.500 00 
 2,650 00 
 
 12.500 00 
 
 12,200 00 
 
 13,000 00 
 $88,250 00 
 
 9.300 00 
 $78,950 00 
 
ESTIMATED COST OF PLAN NO. 2. 
 
 The estimated cost to W. C. K. & Co. for a boiler plant, north of 
 Sibley College, laying a new main, and changing old mains, is as 
 follows : 
 
 Boiler House building and coal bunker to provide for 1000 
 H.P. boilers, including brick-lined steel stack, 
 
 7 ft. x 150 ft., or short stack and forced draft_$16,500 00 
 
 Two 250 H.P., B. & W. boilers, erected, with feed, pump, 
 
 piping, smoke flue, etc_ 12,100 00 
 
 New steam return main (Section F.I.H.C.) laid in concrete 
 tunnel, 8 7/ pipe to Sibley, 6 /7 pipe from Sibley Hall to 
 Boardman Hall and 3 // return pipe ; also the branch 
 
 pipe to Rockefeller Hall in concrete trench_ 19,000 00 
 
 Reducing valves and traps in buildings not now provided 
 
 with ones in good working order_ 2,650 00 
 
 Total cost of work required in 1904_$50,250 00 
 
 Additional costs if pipe is carried in tunnel instead of 
 through the basements of Sibley, Lincoln Hall and 
 
 Boardman Hall_ 3,600 00 
 
 Reduction in cost if all pipe is laid in concrete trench in¬ 
 stead of in a tunnel_ 5,200 00 
 
 Cost of replacing old main (Section A.B.C.) from present 
 boiler plant to Boardman Hall when pipe fails. Pipe 
 
 to be carried in concrete tunnel_ 21,000 00 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in concrete trench in¬ 
 stead of in a tunnel_ 5,500 00 
 
 Cost of replacing old main (Section C.D.E.F.) from Board- 
 man Hall to Sibley when present pipe fails. Pipe to 
 
 be carried in tunnel_ 213600 00 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipe is carried in basements of Morrill, 
 
 McGraw, White, Franklin and Sibley, instead of in a 
 
 tunnel_ 6,400 00 
 
 Reduction in cost if concrete trench is used instead of 
 
 tunnel_ 5,400 00 
 
 Cost of replacing old branch pipe with new pipe in concrete 
 
 trench_ 9,000 00 
 
 SUMMARY—PUAN NO. 2 . 
 
 Building and chimney_$16,500 00 
 
 Boiler plant_ 12,10000 
 
 New main, new boiler house to Boardman, in tunnel and 
 
 basements_ 19,000 00 
 
 Changing reducing valves and traps_ 2,650 00 
 
 Replacing old main (Section A.B.C.) Boardman to old 
 
 boiler house in tunnel___ 21,000 00 
 
IO 
 
 Replacing old main (Section F.I.H.C.), Boardman to 
 
 Sibley in tunnel_ 21,600 00 
 
 Replacing branch pipes to present buildings in trenches,, 9,000 00 
 
 Ultimate cost___$101,850 00 
 
 Reduction in cost if pipes are carried in concrete trenches 
 
 instead of in tunnels : 
 
 Section F.I.H.C.—Sibley boiler house to 
 
 Boardman_$5,200 00 
 
 Section A.B.C.—Present boiler house to 
 
 Boardman_ 5,500 00 
 
 Section C.D.E.F.—Present main, Board- 
 
 man to Sibley_ 5,400 00 16,100 00 
 
 Ultimate cost if trenches are used_ 
 
 $85,750 00 
 
A. 
 
 CORNELL UNIVERSITY HEATING SYSTEM. 
 
 
 High Pres. 
 
 Low Pres. 
 
 
 
 Mains. 
 
 System. 
 
 
 Building. 
 
 Supply. 
 
 Return. 
 
 Main. 
 
 Riser. 
 
 Steam 
 
 Pres 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 
 in. 
 
 in. 
 
 in. in. lbs. 
 
 
 Armory_2 1# 3 5 
 
 Gymnasium __ iy 1% 3 5 
 
 Sage Cottage__ 3 iY 3 6 
 
 Sage College.. 52427 
 
 Barnes Hall_3 2 5 2 10 
 
 1/2 
 
 Sage Chapel __ 3 iy 
 Stimson Hall.. 4 
 
 Boardman Hall 41^5 4 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 Library-4 1% 5 2 5 
 
 4 
 3 
 
 Morrill Hall.. 324 2^ y 2 
 
 Reducing valve 2" Curtis on high 
 pressure main in boiler room. 
 Bundy trap. 
 
 Same reducing valve and trap as 
 armory. 
 
 Reducing valve, Curtis, works 
 
 O. K. with high initial pressure. 
 Traps, 1" Bundy to drain steam 
 main and supply to house. i // 
 Dean for returns. 
 
 Reducing valve, north side, 
 Mason. Not used. Using by-pass. 
 South side, 3 // Holly in use. 
 
 Traps, North side, Y" Curtis ex¬ 
 pansion. South side, Y" Holly. 
 Not used ; using Y" by-pass. 
 
 Reducing valve, Balanced valve. 
 
 Not used. Use supply valve 
 throttled. 
 
 Trap, 1 % Davis. 
 
 Reducing valve, 2" Locke, O. K. 
 
 Trap, \ Yz" Holly. Not used. Using 
 by-pass. 
 
 Reducing valve, balanced. Not 
 used. Using valve throttled. 
 
 Trap, 1 Y" Walworth Bucket. Not 
 used. Using by-pass. 
 
 Reducing valve, none. Using valve 
 throttled. 
 
 Trap, \Y" Curtis. Not used. Using 
 by-pass. 
 
 Reducing valve, 3" old Holly. Not 
 used. 
 
 Trap, 1 Yz" Holly. Not used. Using 
 by-pass. 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
12 
 
 in. in. in. in. lbs. 
 
 White Hall_4 
 
 McGraw Hall. 3 
 
 Morse Hall_4 
 
 Chem. Annex. 4 
 
 Franklin Hall. 4 
 Dynamo Dab_ 2 X / Z 
 
 Sibley, West.. 4 
 
 Center. 4 
 
 East_4 
 
 Sibley Shops, 
 
 West __ 4 
 
 East_4 
 
 Found’v 
 
 Lincoln Hall.. 4 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 3 
 
 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 >4 /4 Reducing valve, 5" old Holly. Not 
 
 used. 
 
 2 Trap, none. Using * 4 " by-pass. 
 
 i /4 5 Reducing valve, 3 // old Holly. Not 
 
 used. 
 
 Trap, i] 4 " Holly. Not used. Using 
 by-pass. 
 
 Reducing valve, 3 // Holly, new style- 
 
 Trap, Bundy. 
 
 2 7 Reducing valve, 4 7/ Locke, O. K. 
 
 Traps, 2 Mason on coils ; 1 
 
 Bundy on direct; 1 % ff 
 
 Bundy on end of supply main. 
 
 \ x /z 5 Reducing valve, t> // Holly. 
 
 \]4 Trap, 1 " Bundy. 
 
 5 Reducing valve, none. 
 
 Trap, Bucket. Not used. Using 
 by-pass. 
 
 Note.—Supply from Franklin Hall 
 mains. 
 
 5 Reducing valve, Holly, O. K. 
 
 Trap, none. Using by-pass. 
 
 5 Reducing valve, Locke, O. K. 
 
 Trap, 1 Bundy. 
 
 5 Reducing valve, Holly. 
 
 Trap, none. Using by-pass. 
 
 3 Reducing valve, . 
 
 Trap. 
 
 2 Reducing valve, 4" Holly. 
 
 Trap, 1" Bundy. 
 
 Note.—Supply from Mech. Lab. 
 mains. 
 
 2^4 3 2 3 Reducing valve, new style Holly ‘ 
 
 O. K. 
 
 Trap, 2 2 y 2 " Walworth Bucket, each 
 side of building. 
 
T 3 
 
 B. 
 
 Buildings. 
 
 Cubic contents of build¬ 
 ing above ground. 
 
 Estimated B.T.U.'s re¬ 
 quired per hour zero 
 weather , 2% B.T.U.'s 
 per cubic ft. 
 
 Heating surface now in 
 
 buildings. 
 
 Armory_ 
 
 cu. ft. 
 190,000 
 
 475,000 
 
 I,o6o 
 
 Gymnas._ 
 
 Sage Cott.__ 
 
 165,000 
 
 115,000 
 
 413,000 
 
 288,000 
 
 L265 
 
 Sage Coll.__ 
 
 93 °, 000 
 
 2,325,000 
 
 10,630 
 
 Barnes Hall_ 
 
 Sage Chapel 
 
 196,000 
 
 141,000 
 
 490,000 1 
 
 352,000 
 
 1,990 D 
 
 360 Ind. 
 1,300 
 
 Stimson Hall 
 
 619,000 - 
 
 r 
 
 1,548,000 H. 
 1,548,000 V. 
 
 . 5,740 D 
 3,800 Ind. 
 
 Boardman_ 
 
 405,000 - 
 
 1,013,000 H 
 1,013,000 V 
 
 j- 5,ooo 
 
 Library _ 
 
 741,000 - 
 
 1,852,000 H 
 1,852,000 V 
 
 j- 7,750 
 
 Morrill Hall. 
 
 366,000 
 
 915,000 
 
 
 McGraw_ 
 
 618, ooo< 
 
 ' 1,545,000 H 1 
 l 450,000 V J 
 
 
 White Hall_ 
 
 366,000 
 
 9 I 5 ,oo° 
 
 r 
 
 
 Morse Hall _ 
 
 646,000 - 
 
 1,615,000 H 
 1,615,000 V 
 
 - 
 
 
 l J 
 
 
 Chemical_ 
 
 449,000 •. 
 
 1,123,000 H 1 
 2,246,000 V 
 
 
 Franklin_ 
 
 408,000 x 
 
 1,020,000 H 
 510,000 V 
 
 
 Kind of Heating Surface. 
 
 Bundy single col. 
 high. 
 
 Coils i" pipe and Bundy. 
 
 Standard 38 // high, 
 Bundy Columbia 3s' 7 , 
 Indirect stacks 3-200 
 sq. ft. 
 
 2968 sq. ft. Bundy Col¬ 
 umbia 2 Col. 7662 
 sq. ft. Bundy Old 1 
 Col. 
 
 Bundy Columbia 38 // 
 high. All D. 
 
 ' 1-Fan 8" wheel capac¬ 
 ity, 42,000 cu. ft. per 
 min. 2 exhaust fans 
 4.8" drain. 
 
 { Indirect natural draft- 
 coils in basement. 
 Halls have direct. 
 
 { Indirect gold pin. Di¬ 
 rect Bundy single cols, 
 in halls and offices. 
 
 { Bundy Columbia 2-col. 
 W. iron pipe coils. 
 Indirect No fans. 
 
 ' West End. Indirect. 
 No fans. 
 
 - Center—Direct. 
 
 East—Direct and Indi¬ 
 rect for lecture room. 
 
 { Direct to keep 50° at 
 night. Indirect sys¬ 
 tem for day time. 
 
 { Indirect for lecture 
 
 room. Direct for 
 
 other parts. 
 

 cu. ft. 
 
 Dyn. Lab.__ 
 
 123,000 
 
 308,000 
 
 Sib.—West . 
 
 363,000 
 
 908,000 
 
 “ —Cent__ 
 
 346,000 - 
 
 965,000 
 
 “ —East__ 
 
 352,000 
 
 880,000 
 
 Sib. Shops, 
 
 
 
 West. _ _ 
 
 234,000 
 
 608,000 
 
 Sib. Shops, 
 East . _ 
 
 144,000 
 
 360,000 
 
 Foundry _ 
 
 96,000 
 
 240,000 
 
 Lincoln Hall 
 
 586,000 
 
 1,465,000 
 
 To’l for pres¬ 
 ent build- 
 
 
 
 ings_ 8,599,000 30,856,000 
 
 Goldwin Smith Hall 
 Rockefeller Hall_ 
 
 'Direct—Mostly pipe 
 
 coils. 
 
 All direct. 
 
 Direct wall coils. 
 
 Indi’t to Draught, room 
 
 Pipe coils. 
 
 Pipe coils and a few 
 radiators. 
 
 Coils. 
 
 { Direct except 4 small 
 indirect stacks about 
 5 %. 
 
 3,000,000 H. 
 2,050,000 V. 
 3,000,000 H. 
 1,670,000 V. 
 
 Total for buildings under construction__ 9,720,000 
 
 Total for present buildings_30,856,000 
 
 Total 
 
 _ 40,576,000 B.T.U.’s