THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY d^i.ez H A* ■ ft p cC 1 :p Cti CT. CE- SS t 5 ■ o t. tf> f g> Cl. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates https://archive.org/details/siegehistoryofloOOhemp THE SIEGE AND HISTORY OF LONDONDERRY. EDITED BY JOHN HEMPTON. LONDONDERRY: JOHN HEMPTON, DIAMOND. DUBLIN: HODGES, SMITH & CO. LONDON: S1MPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO. 186 L LATELY PUBLISHED, TWO VIEWS OF LONDONDERRY AND A VIEW OF ENNISKILLEN, 14 by 9 Inches each. Price: Is. 6d. Plain, and 2s. Gd. Coloured. JOHN HEMPTON, DIAMOND, LONDONDERRY. LONDONDERRY*. PRINTED BY JAMES HEMPTON. SHIPQUAY STREET. H 37 s CONTENTS. Preface. Extract from Preface of Derriana, 1794, .... .... The Siege of Derry, from Sir John Dalrymple’s Memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland, .... .... .... Londeriados, commonly called the Armagh Manuscript, Secular Commemoration, 1788, .... .... .... Do. Do. 1789, PAGE" 1 5 21 77 87 JL.WW, .... .... .... Ol Extract from Prize Poem by ‘ Leonidas,’ the Rev. Tlios. Marshall. 89 Ditto from Poem by 4 Alfred,’ William Armstrong, 91 Song — The Siege of Derry, by William Armstrong, .... ib. „ The Shutting of the Gates, . . .... 1> t , 93 Ode on the Relief of Londonderry, . . .... 94 Song — The Maiden City, .... .... .... 95 Walker’s Diary of the Siege — 97 Market Prices in Derry, 27th July, 1689, 132 Address to King William and Queen Mary, with names of 1 60 Defenders of Londonderry, 136 Declaration of the Derrymen, . . . . . . . . 137 Account of Officers killed and taken by the Besieged, . . 141 Account of Subsistence delivered to the Soldiers, . . 143 Number and Size of Bombs thrown into the City, . . 146 Mackenzie’s Narrative of the Siege — 149 (The Contents as made out by himself 0 “The Transactions of the City of Derry, from the Shut- ting of the Gates till the Descent of the Irish Army, from page .. .. .. 155 to 173 The Affairs of the other parts of Ulster, and of Sligo, from page .. .. .. .. 173 to 198 What passed at Derry from the Retreat of the British Forces from Coleraine thither, till the time that King , James’s Army appeared before the Town, from page 198 to 211 The Change of the Government in Derry, from page 211 to 218 The Siege, from page . . . . . . 218 to 251 The New Establishment, by Maj.-Gen. Kirk, from page 251 to 254 The Papers referred to in the Narrative, from page 254 to the end. ” Presbyterian Ministers Address the Prince of Orange, Northern Counties’ Regiments and Commanders, Dromore and Lisburn abandoned, Dungannon, Armagh and Monaghan, Glasslough, Sligo, Ballyshannon, j: f j 35 173 176 181 182 183 184 186 180 IV. CONTENTS. 239 247 250 258 261 202 272 279 280 & 161 294 & 241 Coleraine and Portglenone, .. .. 191 & 195 Magherafelt and Moneymore, .. .. .. 233 Making a Boom across the River, 13th June, Marshal Conrad De Rosen’s Declaration, Letter to David Cairnes from Enniskillen, The Antrim Association, Letter of William III. to the Protestants of the North of Ireland Declaration of the Protestants of Sligo, Articles Proposed by the Citizens of Derry, 11th July, 1689, Clergy and Ministers during the Siege, Extracts from Ash’s Journal of the Siege — Apprentice Boys, .... .... .... General Hamilton’s Proposals, thrown in by a shell, The History of Derry — Chap. I. — Earliest Account of Derry and its Vicinity, ., II. — Irish Antiquities, „ III. — Irish Annals of Derry, „ IV. — Annals of Derry from its occupation bv the English, „ V. — Annals of Londonderry from the Rebellion of 1641 till the Revolution, „ VI. — Incidents connected with Londonderry and the Revolution, , VII. — Copy of Minutes from the Journals of the Hbuse of Commons, „ VIII. — Annals of Londonderry from the Revolution till the Union, ,, IX. — Armais of Londonderry from the Union till present time (1861) Extracts from Narrative of Rev. John Mackenzie, and Mackenzie’s Narrative a False Libel, Extract from Cane’s Wars of Ireland, .... Prayer by Governor Walker, . . .. .. Petition of House of Commons in behalf of Derry Corporation, Petition of Plenry Campsie, 308 311 315 321 330 357 391 403 436 457 466 ib. 467 ib. Petition of Irish House of Commons for Garrison of Londonderry 468 List of Mitchelburne’s Officers, . . . . . . ib. Walker’s Invisible Champion Foiled, . . .. .. 469 Sir Arthur Rawdon’s Letter, . . . . . . 474 Governor Mitchelburne’s Petition, . . . . . . ib. Omissions and Corrections in Londeriados, .. .. 475 Re-Interment of the Relics of the Defenders of Derry, . . 483 Song — Walker’s Pillar, . . . . . . 491 ERRATA. Page 95, line 38: — For 4 a,’ read “the.” 299, line 15: — For 4 all,’ read 44 also.” 322, line 4: — For 4 1588,’ read “ 1568.” 411, line 6 :— For 4 324,’ read “ 328.” 449, line 1: — Bead “last Chairing but one.” — line 33: — Bead 44 1 839, December 18.” 453, line 13: — For 4 15,’ read 44 18.” PREFACE. This Volume contains the Histories of the Siege of Londonderry by eyewitnesses and actors in the scenes they have described. One account, entitled, “ Ireland Preserved ; or, the Siege of Londonderry,” said to have been written by Mitchelburne, is not included, as, from its great popularity, it has always been in print. Sir John Dalrymple’s account is inserted, as fur- nishing an eloquent description of the critical position of this City and the Nation in general at the period of the Revolution. Not having been himself in Derry during the Siege, he has mistaken Lundy’s Military Council for the Town Council, which was altogether distinct from it. Walker’s second edition, from which we reprint, is dated 13th September, 1689. Some reflections upon it having been published, Walker issued his Vindication within the same year, 1689. In December, Mr. Mackenzie first saw Dr. Walker’s account, and, in the following year, published his 4 'Narrative.” The Editor, on perusing "Mackenzie’s Narrative/’ determined to omit all allusion to that writer’s charges against Walker, for this reason, that if in- serted, the reply to them must also be given, to the enlargement of the Volume and interruption of the narrative. This portion of the work had been sent to press, when several gentlemen requested that no pa,rt VI. PEE FACE. of “ Mackenzie’s Narrative” should be suppressed. Accordingly, all is supplied at the end of the History, and in parallel columns the reply is given. There will be no difficulty in reading his “ Narrative,” as originally arranged, for, where any passages were passed over, they are acknowledged. Mackenzie published a rejoinder in 1690, but Walker took no notice of Mackenzie’s charges, nor indeed, could he of his last publication, as he had, by that time, fallen in the Battle of the Bo 3 uie.* Parts of Ash’s Journal are added, which supply some interesting particulars, not mentioned in the other accounts. The Chronological Diary of Local History is taken from the Ordnance Survey Memoir of 1837, the Corporation Minutes, the Records of the Irish Society, the Files of the Local Papers, and other reliable sources of information. The History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, by the late Rev. Dr. Reid, supplied the best history of the City of Londonderry, hitherto published, and considerable portions of that valuable work are quoted and acknowledged in the present Volume. One statement of his must not pass unnoticed. He speaks of Captain Adam Murray as “ a gallant Presbyterian officer.” The family of that officer have resided in this neighbourhood since the Siege. One of them has distinctly stated to the Editor, that from the time of their settlement at Ling, in Upper Cumber, County Derry, they attended the Parish Church there, and that previously to their emigration from Philiphaugh, near Tweed, they had been mem- bers of the then Established Episcopal Church of Scotland. The difference is very unimportant, but when the religious denomination of any public cha- * Some describe Walker as a chaplain to the army, others, as commander of a body of volunteers, or of the second Derry Regi- ment, which he was the means of having placed on the Army List. It is not certain whether he had any post or not. PEE FACE. vii. racter is referred to, it may as well be put correctly. After the issue of a few copies of this work, an unusual delay caused by the binders,* has afforded op- portunity for replying to a reiteration, by Professor Killen, of Dr. Reid’s trifling inaccuracy. In reference to the foregoing correction, he has hazarded the re- mark, “that individuals are sometimes unacquainted with the true history of their ancestors.” This, he has, no doubt, found to be the case with many of those whose genealogies he has been attempting to trace to heroes of the siege, on evidence that led him to use such terms as “ Cornet Brown is said to have been the ancestor of — ’ ’ “ There is reason to believe that Robt. Porter was from Burt, and 'probably the great- great-grandfather of—.” “Wm. Crookshanks appears to have been of the family of — “John Cunning- ham was, in all likelihood , of the same lineage as , who, as there is reason to believe , are descended from &c.,” and “Joseph Morrison, seems to have been related to Robt. Morrison, the Apprentice Boy.” The inhabitants of the city and vicinity of Lon- donderry are well aware that the family of Colonel Murray continued to reside among thernf and often held high military and civil offices. Men still living recollect the grandson of Colonel Murray, the late Captain Adam Murray, wdiose eldest* son, James Murray, was a Volunteer Delegate in 1793 and She- riff t in 1796, when he joined the Derry Yeoman Cavalry ; whilst his second son, Thomas, afteiwvards Major in the 18th Royal Irish, carried the sword of his great ancestor in procession on the 18th Decem- * Messrs. Lumsden & Son, Glasgow, who returned the first 600 copies mixed, soiled and unfit for sale. + The obituary of the Derry Paper, 20th July, 1773, states “ Thurs- day last, died Mrs. Towel, relict of the late Mr. Towel, and daughter of the famous Mr. Murray, who signalised himself so much at the siege of Derry.” { Another family of Murrays, named Ptoger, Eneas and John, who have been Mayors and Sheriffs, were of a different lineage. viii. PREFACE. ber, 1788. The present representatives of the “Derry Achilles’’ are the sons of Major Mur- ray. These three generations of the family have been well known to our citizens and the public as Episcopalians, and, after the fullest inquiry, both in Cumber and in this city, all local testimony confirms the statement formerly made to the Editor. Dr. Killen refers to Mackenzie, page 215, and to a passage in the anonymous pamphlet, “A False Libel,” quoted by Mackenzie at foot of page 473. With respect to the first reference, where Mackenzie speaks of “Nonconformist ministers being sent for, partly that they might be engaged to persuade Capt. Murray to surrender; partly that their appearance with Lundy might induce the multitude to comply also; who were generally of that persuasion ; ” it was hoped they would persuade Murray, but their very presence was expected to induce those of their oivn persuasion. The inference plainly is, that as Mackenzie classed Murray distinct from the Nonconformists, he considered him to be so. If Dr. Killen means to infer that because the ministers might persuade Murray he must have been one of their hearers, then, by the same rule, if Romish priests had attempted to persuade or in- fluence a modern Radical Irish Representative or Chief Magistrate, it must follow that such are to be considered Romanists. With regard to the second reference, where it is said, ironically, “ that all brave actions were done by the Dissenters, and Col. Murray at the head of them,” it is to be observed he is never spoken of as one of them. If to have led or commanded troops of Dis- senters will prove Murray to have been of their com- munity, the same line of argument will prove that Walker, Baker, Mitchelburne, Tomkins, Norman, Cocken, and Moncrieff, were Nonconformists. The following passage occurs in the Rev. Joseph Boyse’s* “Vindication of Osborne”: — “As the Dis- * Air. Boyse was Presbyterian Minister in Dublin, a.d. 1690. PREFACE. IX. senters of Derry do not dispute with Mr. Walker most of the principal and experienced officers in the garrison being Conformists ( for it could not be other- wise, while none else but such had access to military employments, till some raised regiments in this junc- ture,)* so, on the other hand, Mr. Walker should as little dispute with them, their numbers in Derry being more considerable. By the modestest account of such officers in the garrison as were Conformists, the Dissenters in the garrison itself, as well as those that stayed in town, were near five to one ; nay, many of them make the disproportion much greater.”! In Gillespie’s Siege of Derry, page 104, we read that “Colonel Adam Murray was of Scottish descent; his father had been a Captain of Horse, and came over to this county some years before the siege.” In Dalrymple, page 9, in the Londerias, pages 27 and 34, and in Mackenzie, page 209, Colonel Murray himself ^is recorded as having been a military officer before the siege commenced, and, therefore, according to Mr. Boyse’s admission, both Captain Murray senior and his son Adam the Captain, afterwards the gallant Colonel of Horse, must have been Conformists. Professor Killen admits “that the laird of Philip- haugh, to whom Colonel Murray was related, con- formed to Prelacy in the reign of Charles II.” The learned Professor’s assertion, for it is no more than his assertion, of “ the earnest Presbyterianism of Adam Murray,” is about as correct as his state- ment that he died in 1690, for, in the Journals of the * The information in page 362, communicated to the Editor by a Covenanting Minister, who had seen Houston’s letter to Lord Mount- Alexander, corroborates Mr. Boyse’s statement, that all military officers must have been Conformists, otherwise the Cove- nanted would not have stipulated for the appointment of their own leaders. Upon reconsideration of Walker’s reference to Houston, it does not appear that Walker meant to include him among the defenders of Derry; it is, therefore, to be regretted that any reflec- tion should have been made on Mackenzie for having omitted to record Houston’s name among the ministers there. + See Mackenzie, page 154. X. PREFACE. House of Commons (England), under date 2d June, 1698, we read, “A petition of Col. Adam Murray, in behalf of himself and the regiment he had in Londonderry during the siege thereof, was presented to the house and read.” His re- appearance as peti- tioner eight years after his death far surpasses his “ earnest Presbyterianism.” Among the returns of baptisms, marriages and deaths, found in the Registrar’s office of the Bishop of this Diocese, there is a remarkable entry. The return is headed “ Baptisms since Easter, 1705.” The first entry under that is “John Murray, son of Colonel Murray, was baptized June 1st, 1705.”* After such evidence, the Professor’s final assertion that “Colonel Murray was a high-principled Presby- terian” can only be regarded as imaginary. We may be allowed to refer to Chapter vn. of the History of Derry, as forming the most authentic record of the early part of the siege of 1688-9, and particularly to the decision there respecting Lundy. In “ O’Callaghan’s Green Book,” page 87, he says “ he was gratified to find his original suspicions of the truth confirmed, by evidence he gained in the State Paper Office, and from other official infor- mation — that Lundy offered to submit to a trial in Derry, but some of the principal Irish Williamites gave their opinion that such trial was not expedient.” Mr. O’ Callaghan does not specify the evidence in the State Paper Office, nor his other source of offi- cial knowledge. It will, therefore, be difficult to believe or reply to his “suspicion of the truth,” without being able to examine the authority on which he bases his assertion. He is or may have been a most respectable gentleman, but it would be satis- factory to the reading public, even should it not be gratifying to the people of Derry, to receive histori- cal truths from some higher source than Mr. O’Cal- laghan’s mere expression of his gratification. * This boy did not survive Colonel Murray, who died about 1710. PREFACE. xi. The publication of the State Papers is in progress, but, meanwhile, we are in possession of the opinion of the House of Commons, at pages 402 and 403 of this Volume, after they had received the report of a Committee who had been engaged examining wit- nesses between June and August, 1689. That high national tribunal thought proper to publish the evi- dence on which they founded their judgment. Mr. O’Callaghan carefully suppresses and conceals his authority if it really exists. The most important record of the siege is the “ Londerias,” published in Dublin long subsequently to the Diaries and Narratives. In “ Douglas’s Der- riana,” it was correctly described as a “ Historical Poem: a Fragment.” Mr. Graham spoke of it as a manuscript, and frequently embellished the extracts he gave from it by additional creations from his own fancy: The original printed work is now recovered, and the omissions and corrections of Douglas’s re- print will be found at the end of this Volume. From Sir Arthur Rawdon’s explanation, given at page 474, it will be observed that Bishop Hopkins did not remain in Derry till 21st March, as stated in pages 193 and 359. A correct, full account of the circumstances of the exhumation and re-interment of the relics of the defenders of Derry, that have just created so pro- found a sensation of disgust, and called into exer- cise some of our noblest principles, is added. The subjoined List of the Corporation of this city, taken from the First Charter, is given, because that in the “ Ordnance Survey Memoir” the names of the Burgesses are omitted through some oversight, and, it is added, that “ there is no mention of Burgesses.” In the “ Ordnance Survey Memoir” are, also, lists of Cromwell’s Corporation, Charles the Second’s Cor- poration, James the Second’s, called “ the Irish” Cor- poration, and of the Mayors and Sheriffs from 1662 till 1837. These lists are only interesting to the Xll. PREFACE. descendants of those whose names appear there, and as they are presumed to be of ability to purchase that work, we have not filled our pages with names of men that had done nothing worthy of being recorded. The Imperial Government expended large sums in compiling that Survey, and placed it within reach of every gentleman in Ireland, at the price of twelve shillings, when, if it had been sold largely at two guineas, it would not have remunerated their outlay. We are in a position to be able to certify, that since its publication in 1837, not two hundred copies were disposed of in this city. Perhaps not as many more were sold elsewhere. The Government having thus learned that Irishmen (at least of this part,) cared very little for knowledge of their own country, have, accord- ingly, very properly declined to extend the publication beyond the first volume. The First Corporation of the City of Londonderry appointed by the Charter of King James the First, dated 29th March, 1613 : — “ John Rowley, gentleman, to be first Mayor; Ralph Bingley, knight, John Vaughan, John Rowley, Henry Hart, Henry Vaughan, John Baker, Francis White, Henry Sadler, John Wray, William *, Jessey Smith, and John Bankes, gentlemen, to be first Aldermen ; Richard Griffin and William Lyne, to be first Sheriffs of the said city and of the county of Londonderry; Robert Goodwyn, gentleman, to be first Chamberlain, and Samuel Calvert, Thomas Bolton, Adam Copinger, Hemy Lovell, William Atkins, Valentine James, William Iremonger, John Waters, Walter Markes, Thomas Latham, Roger Price, William Booker, Thomas Harvest, Richard Blocklej^, Richard Mid- dlelon, Nicholas Ambrose, Peter Tafter, Thomas Saule, Richard Jenny, William Whitwell, Francis Southwell, Wm. Raven, Thomas Lache, and Clement Mosse, to be first and chief Burgesses.” ♦The Ordnance Survey Memoir supplied “ Gage” as this surname. “ The following selections from DERRIANNA— “ a collection of Papers relative to the Siege of “ Derry , and illustrative of the Revolution of 1 088, “ published in Londonderry *, ; in 1794, by Mr. “ GEORGE DOUGLAS , are distinguished by “ f/ig D, in addition to the usual paging.” EXTRACT FROM PREFACE TO DEERIANNA. The celebration of the 7th of December 1788 of the Centen- ary Commemoration of the shutting of the gates of Derry against the army of King James, suggested to the mind of the Editor, the idea of collecting every publication or manu- script relating not onlj to that memorable transaction, but also every other paper that could tend to elucidate the state of Derry both before and after its settlement by the London Society — For this purpose, it was meant to preface the Col- lection with “ An Essay towards an History of the City and County of London-Derry.’* * * * It appears that Derry sustained three different sieges. The first, in the year 1641, when it was held by the English and Scots, in the King’s name, against the Rebels — The second, in 1649, when it was held for the Parliament by Sir Charles Coote and the famous General Monk, who obliged the Lord of Ardes to raise the siege. — The third, and the most important in all its circumstances and consequences, in 1689, of which this volume professes to give full and authentic accounts. * * * 11 D. PREFACE TO To the length of time necessarily employed in collecting and printing the various papers contained in this volume, a circumstance occurred which considerably impeded the pro* gress of the work. — In a conversation that took place between a Gentleman and the Editor, on the subject of the wars of Ireland, the former gave it as his opinion, “ that all papers s< of the kind, instead of being made public, should be buried “ in oblivion.” After a considerable pause, maturer reflection induced the Editor to proceed in his undertaking. It seemed to him to be an erroneous idea, to suppress, to curtail, or to exag- gerate the accounts of transactions in which the happiness, or misery, of nations is involved. It is the candid and un- reserved display of the actions, and particularly the motives of great men, that constitutes the use and the merit of History, and gives the most awful and beneficial lessons to succeeding generations. Their motives, it is true, can seL dom be developed at the time of their actions, but when they are at length laid open and discussed with freedom and im- partiality, that discussion will contribute to the advantage of mankind. If all historical evidence were suppressed, what a wide field would there be left for the destructive machinations of designing Priests, and cunning Statesmen? — Ignorance “ is the enemy of Virtue and Liberty, and the nurse of Slav- “ ery and Despotism.” — Who would prefer the dark and barren ages of the 10th, Ilth, and 12th centuries, to the en- lightened and enlightening periods of the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries? — From the reign of Henry the Eighth, down to the present day, what a vast fund of instruction and enter- tainment does the history of Europe present to the astonished mind! — In that reign, the opinions arid principles first began DERRIANNA. iii V, to take their rise, which afterwards grew and expanded to such an immense extent, and which have since produced 3uch amazing Reformations and Revolutions in the world.* The study of History, therefore, next after the know- ledge and practice of Religion, is the most essential in which rational, intelligent man can be employed— History is the true, undisguised picture of man himself, wherein is seen, all that is bad, and necessary to avoid — all that is good, and worthy of imitation, t But, to a Citizen of London- Derry, the preservation of every circumstance relative to the transactions of 1688 and 89, is peculiarly dear and interesting — Remote and un- consequential as it may appear to a foreign observer, every inhabitant of Great Britain and Ireland will remember the Siege of Derry as one of the most important events, in its consequences, which distinguished that busy and turbulent period — It is indeed, oqe of those singular events, forming, as it were, an JEra in the history of the times, the comple- tion of which leads the mind to a devout and reverential awe * This glorious change from darkness to light, from profound ignorance and bondage to knowledge and freedom, both in the polit- ical and religious worlds, was almost entirely owing to the discovery of the Art of Printing, which had been introduced into England not many years before this reign. t “ In consequence of studying History, the powers of the “ human mind become gradually enlarged, and while we are enter- “ taining ourselves -with a series of w ell-digested facts, we are at “ the same time led to search for that principle in the human “ heart, which, in its operations, often produces effects, attended with “ consequences, that fill succeeding ages w T ith admiration. — History “ presents us with the vices of the worst men, and it represents Vir- “ tue to us in its most amiable colours; it lays open the secret springs “ of Government, and, in many instances, serves to illustrate Divine “ Providence. Let me assure you, that if you neglect so important a “ study, you will slight the noblest fountain of knowledge that can “ adorn the human understanding, and, consequently, lead to the “ practice of virtue.” — Loud Lyttletox, iv D. PREFACE TO DERRIANNA. of the deep and mysterious workings of Divine Provi- dence, who, from comparatively diminutive causes, some- times produces most unexpected and wonderful effects.— Plad King James made an easy and rapid conquest of Derry, the war would have had a very different conclusion, and we at this day, instead of enjoying the advantages of a mild and liberal Constitution, might have been lingering under the miseries of a cruel and despotic Government — but the bold and successful defence made by our gallant ancestors check- ed the career and exhausted the strength of King James’s army, and finally proved a principal cause in seating King William on the throne of these kingdoms, “ It is right for men (says a great Orator) to have a “ lofty opinion of themselves’’ — Under the guidance of this honourable pride, let the noble deeds of our predecessors in- spire us with correspondent sentiments ; let us have a grate- ful remembrance of their merits and their sufferings ; and, if need be, in a righteous cause, emulate their glorious ex- ample — Happily for us, however, we have only to enjoy, in peace, the fruits of their labours — Let us be thankful for our better lot, and pray to God, that this tranquillity may be continued to us and our posterity. 4th Nov. 1794. THE SIEGE OF DERRY, FROM SIR JOHN DALRYMPLE’S War haying been declared (in 1689) between France and England, the first hostilities appeared in Ireland ; for, while England was rent with factions, Lord Dundee meditating a civil war in Scotland, and one half of Europe animated against the other, to support or depress the cause of the late King (James), that Prince had sailed from France, and arri?ed upon the 12th of March, at Kinsale, in Ireland. — Before he quitted France, he had written to the Emperor to ask that assistance, which, he said, one Popish Prince might expect from another, in a cause common to all Princes. — The unhappy find few friends! — The Emperor’s answer, under the common cover of affected pity, was filled with reproaches of past misconduct, and of that secret French alliance, which he well knew had never been made; and, to make the affront more public, both letters were printed. But James had met with mortifications which were still more humbling : The preparations for his enterprize, and Gd. DALR YMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF even the propriety of the enterpriae itself, having become the subjects of intrigue among the French Ministers, he, to whom a nation of Freemen had been in use to bow, hung long, in uncertain hopes, upon the servants of another, per- haps not forgetful of his own inattention, on former occa- sions, to the sufferings of others. But the French King, feeling, from sympathy of rank, for his unhappy guest, what no Minister could, gave orders to hasten the preparations for his voyage. James was attended by a multitude of British and Irish nobility and officers who had adhered to his fortunes, 2500 soldiers of the same nations, and about 100 French officers. Marshal Roseu commanded the expe- dition. The Count D’Avoux, who had so often, when Ambaee&dor in Holland, given warning, in vain, of the Prinoe of Orange’s intentions, now accompanied James as Ambassador from France: in his person, a sad monitor of past errors ; and, in his office, an omen of future misfortunes ! The French King supplied .James with 400,000 crowns in money, and with equipage of every kind befitting his dignity. * * * * * * * ■ o James found the appearance of things in Ireland equal to his wishes : Tyrconnel, the Lord Lieutenant, devoted to him ; his old army steady, and a new one raised, making together 30,000 foot and 8000 horse ; the Protestants over the greatest part of Ireland disarmed ; the province of Ulster alone in disobedience; the Papists in arms, frantic with joy, enthusiasm, and the prospect of independence upon England ; no English troops in the kingdom, no fleet on the coasts ; his reception at Kinsale and Cork cordial, and his public entry into Dublin magnificent. Upon intelligence of James’s intention to come speedily to Ireland, Tyrconnel had sent Col. Plamilton, the same man who had forfeited his honour to King William, against the Protestants in the North; for THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 7 b. these, having at last in March received encouragement from King William, had proclaimed him and his consort. Hamil- ton’s forces drove their opponents from post to post, and gave them so complete a defeat at Dromore, that it was called, in the Irish manner of expression, The Rout of Dromore. — After this, most of those who were ill affected to the Gov- ernment of James retired into Scotland and England, or hid themselves, or accepted of written protections from their enemies. The bravest, however, of the Protestant interest, to the number of 10,000, gathered together around London- Derry, resolved to make their last stand at that place for their Religion and Liberty. A few also rallied themselves at Inniskilling, and, after the first panic was over, became more numerous by the junction of others. James took his measures for a continuance in Ireland. He called a Parliament to meet him at Dublin on the 7th day of May, as if this mock state, in a province whose Parlia- ments. had been little considered hitherto, could supply the want of real sovereignty. And, in the mean time, quitting Dublin, as soon as the spring would permit, he went to lay siege to London -Derry ; — a town rendered famous by the defence which it made, and the consequences which that de- fence had upon the future operations of the war. Amidst the difficulties which King William had to find officers in Ireland whom he could trust, he had appointed Col. Lundy to be Governor of London-Derry ; a man whose fidelity was so little known, that the officer sent to him from England with the stores of war, was ordered not to deliver his charge, until Lundy had taken the oaths, in his presence, to the new Government. The precaution, was necessary, but weak; for Lundy, having been one of Tyrconnel’s officers, had quitted the interests of King James, only with a view to 8 d. DALRYMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF serve them the more effectually. Lundy, as James’s army advanced towards London-Derry, abandoned pass after pass, sometimes with feeble, and sometimes with no defence : and, at last, upon the 13th of April, took refuge in the town. Two days before King James could overtake Lundy, two regiments under the command of Col. Richards and Col. Cunningham, arrived from England, in the lake which makes a communication betwixt the sea and the town. Their orders having been discretionary, to land the troops or not, according as the service should require, they offered to join Lundy : they urged him to march out of the town, and de- fend one of the passes which was still left, Lundy wrote them an ambiguous and contradictory answer: in the beginning of his letter, he desired them to land ; in the end of it, he told them the place was untenable, and referred them for particulars to the officer who carried the letter : the officer delivered them orders not to land the men, but to come to town themselves, with some of their officers, in order to attend a council of war. To this council Lundy called only two of his own officers, thirteen of those belonging to the two regi- ments, and the Town-clerk, whose assistance was necessary to frame the minutes of council. To these persons he paint- ed, in the strongest colours, the weakness of the town in military stores, in defences, in provisions; he even avered, that to his own knowledge, there was not subsistence in it for ten days. The council came to a resolution, opposed only by Richards, not to land the regiments, and that all the officers should privately withdraw from the town. The two Colonels, with some of their officers, retired from the council to their ships. Lundy next called a meeting of the Town- council, where it was resolved to send messengers to King James, with an offer to surrender the town next day. THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 9 D. It was intended to keep the result of these councils se- cret. But, next morning, the Town-clerk convening a num- ber of the people, informed them of everything that had passed. The inhabitants, and many soldiers of the garrison, crying out, “ They were betrayed by those who were bound to defend them,’’ rose in a fury against the Gov- ernor, the Town-council, and such of the officers as they suspected. They shot one of the officers ; they wounded another. Hence the highest uproar and division ; for, while some were framing the terms of surrender, others were planting guns on the walls. In one place, the multitude was pressed to yield to necessity ; in another, voices were heard calling to fire upon those who proposed it. During this state of public distraction, James was seen slowly advancing with his army, to take possession of a town which had sent messengers to receive him : a sight which encreased the fears of the one party, and the rage of the other. At this instant, advice was brought, that, on the opposite side of the town, Capt. Murray, a brave officer, con- spicuous in person, and known to all, was advancing with impetuosity, at the head of a body of horse, to prevent the surrender. Lundy sent him orders to retire from the view of the inhabitants. But great numbers stretching their arms and bodies from the walls, and calling upon him by nam®, and upon all his followers whom they knew, to advance to their relief, he entered the place. In broken speeches, he called to the multitude, who surrounded him as soon as he passed the gate, to remember glory, safety, religion, their country, themselves, their posterity, with other topics which natural passion dictated, or the present exigency required. He pointed to different persons to secure the gates, to run to 10 D. DALRYMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF arms, to mount the walls, to point the guns. He directed ali those whose voices were for defending the town, to distin- guish themselves by tying a white cloth round the left arm. From thence he hastened to Lundy, then sitting in council, whom he tried, but in vain, to soothe with flattery, or rouse by reproaches. In the mean time, the multitude, kindled by the ardour of Murray’s spirit, rushed to obey the orders they had received, fired upon King James, killed an officer by his side, and obliged him to retire. When these violent actions were over, and the inhabi- tants reflected there were no regular troops among them, fear, and consciousness of what they had done, and what they had to expect, seized them : they pressed for the landing of the regiments ; they offered to submit to authority , they even kept Lundy a kind of prisoner in his own house, to pre- vent his departure. Embracing those officers whom chance threw in their way, they conjured him not to abandon them to the rage of an affronted enemy. They flattered, encour- aged, reproached, menaced, but in vain. The remaining offi- cers of the two regiments, with many others of the garrison, withdrew, and sailed to England. The less valiant part of the multitude, following their example, fled from the to\vn. Lundy stole off with a load on his back ; a disgraceful dis- guise, and suited to the man who bore it ! — About 7,500 militia in arms remained, to defend the place against ah enemy, once their sovereign, at the head of 20,000 regular forces. Men abandoned to themselves, often exert a vigour, which, while they trusted to others, they knew not they pos- sessed. The town was weak in its fortifications, having a wall only 8 or 9 feet thick along the face of the rampart, a ditch, 8 bastions, and some out- works lately thrown up, and THE SIEGE OF DERBY. 11 D. of little consequence. It was weaker in its artillery ; there being no more than 20 serviceable guns on the works. Near 20,000 unarmed hands encreased the numbers, and dimin- ished the strength of the place. But its best defence lay in the minds of its. defenders : men refined from all the dross of their party, and possessed of the valour and enthusiasm of those Scottish ancestors, from whom most of the inhabi- tants of Ulster are descended. They offered the command of the place to Capt. Murray; with the ingenuous frankness which is the common attendant of true courage, he answered, “ He was better fitted for offensive than defensive war and offered to take the command of the horse. Major Baker was chosen Governor: with that modesty, which likewise attends true courage, he begged to have an assistant. The garrison, under the impressions of religion, which danger incites, chose Mr. Walker, a clergyman, to assist him ; a man who hid a great and warlike* spirit unde *the most peace- ful of professions. These men formed the garrison* and in- habitants into a number of regiments, proportioned to that of the bastions : and, in order to create the greater emula- tion, they assigned different parts of the works to different regiments, which they alone were to defend. The besieged repaired their fortifications and artillery, as well as the shortness of the time would permit. They alarmed King James by continual sallies in the day, in the night, in time of meals, in rain, in mist. They destroyed his works ; or, where success failed them, they returned contented that they had harrassed his troops. These sallies they made more formidable by a practice which pedants in the profession of arms would have disapproved. When a sally was to be made, the command was offered to whatever officer would under- take it, and the officer offered the service to whatever soldiers 12 i>. DALRYMPLE'S ACCOUNT OF would attend him : hence competition amongst the officers, hence confidence among the soldiers, who reasoned upon the merits of those who commanded them ; and followed those only, in sudden services, under whom they were sure to con- quer. Murray flew from man to man, and from body to body, Walker assembled them at sermons. Murray cried out, “ That it was not a few military evolutions, nor the movements of arms by rule, the mere parade and foppery of war, which made soldiers; but strong bodies, stronger minds, the contempt of dangers and death : or, if in regular fields of battle, disciplined troops had the advantage over a militia, useless, was that advantage here, where the defenders fought behind wails ; a situation in which those who could bear most fatigue, and durst stand longest to their posts, must in the end, prevail in the contest.” "Walker pointed to their churches, to the sky : “ These were the holy fanes from which their Enemies were to drive them, if they survived with disgrace ; this the asylum prepared for them by their God, if they died with glory in his cause. ” The young animated the old ; the old gave council, gave praises to the young. All were fired by hatred of the Roman Catholic re- legion, enthusiasm for their own, and the dread of a venge- ance proportioned to both. Perhaps, too, the spirit of com- petition, and the glory of defending a place which regular troops had abandoned, was equal to any of their other incite- ments. James continued his attacks unsuccessfully during eleven days, and then went to Dublin to meet his Parliament. He left his army under Hamilton to continue the siege. Upon the report of these things in England, great mur- murs arose against Government, for leaving Ireland so de- fenceless. Pity for the brave defenders of London- Derry, deserted by the soldiers who were sent to defend them, min- THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 13 i>. gled itself with discontent. The people, in their imaginations transported themselves into the town, saw the famine, and heard the cries of the besieged calling in vain for help and for vengeance. Their sufferings and dangers were augment- ed by distance; and hence, greater honours were paid to them. These complaints were increased by intelligence re- ceived, that the French had made another embarkation of stores, and some troops, for the service of their allies in Ire- land. Admiral Herbert was therefore dispatched from Spit- head, in quest of the French fleet, which was to conduct the embarkation ; and orders were given for all the ships of war which were at hand to attend him, and others to follow as fast as they came into the ports of England, or could be equip- ed. Herbert took with him 12 ships of the line; 9 others joined him at sea. At first, he sailed for France; but having been driven off by contrary winds, he concluded it was better to watch on the coast of Ireland, than on that of France. His opinion proved just; for, on the 29 th of April, the French fleet, com- manded by Chateau Renaut, and consisting of about 28 ships of the line, was descried upon the coast of Ireland. By acci* dentsof winds, andbad intelligence, Herbertdid not approach the enemy, who were lying in Bantry Bay, until the 1st of May. He then crowded sail to intercept them. But the French, conscious of their superiority, and perceiving his in- tention, weighed anchor, formed their line, and advanced in calm and regular order to meet him. The ardour of an English Admiral, and of English seamen, for action, prevent- ed Herbert’s line from being formed with the same regularity. The French who had the advantage of the wind, kept it all day, and shewed, by their workings, to the astonishment of the English, and perhaps to their own, that their vessels were 14 D. DALRYMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF equal in agility, and their seamen in dexterity, to those of their antagonists. The battle lasted most of the day, with equal success. In the evening the English retired towards Scilly; the enemy towards Ireland. No ships were lost on either side; but several were disabled. Each Admiral, as often happens in sea* engagements, claimed the superiority in public; but there was this difference in the private senti- ments of those they commanded, that the English officers and seamen termed it a defeat, not to have been victorious on their own element; and the French accounted it a victory, be- cause they were not defeated. The latter, however, made their disembarkation good, and returned unmolested to their own country; which determined on whose side the advantage lay. When the news of this advantage reached Ireland, D’ A.vaux, the French Ambassador, hastened to James to inform him that the English fleet had been defeated by the French. — James with a generous peevishness, answered, C'st bien la premiere fois done : “ It is the first time then.” The accession of strength to James’s party, by the dis- embarkation from France, did not shake the resolution of the faithful defenders of London-Derry. Gen. Kirk had been sent to them from England with provisions, and a reinforce- ment of 5000 men. From different accidents, he did not arrive in the lake of Derry until the 13th of June. Upon the sight of his fKet, which consisted of 30 sail, the besieged gave the usual salutations of joy; but, perceiving them re- ceived with silence, and no jovial returns made by the seamen, they looked upon each other with uncertain and foreboding eyes. Soon after, they were informed, that Kirk, upon re- ceiving information that the passage of the river to the town was secured by works, resolved to retire to the Inch, an is- land 6 miles from London- Derry. These works were bat- THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 15 D. teries along the banks, vessels sank in the channel, and a boom which had been thrown across the river, and which was defended by two forts; and all these were reported to be much stronger than they were. Upon these sad news, the besieged made signals of distress, from their steeples, to Kirk, but in vain. After a short stay, he set sail; the inhabitants of the town following his ships with their eyes as long as they could perceive them. Kirk chose the Inch for a station ; because it facilitated the junction of the volunteers, who lay at Inniskilling, with his detachment; and for that reason too, he fortified it. From thence he sent a letter to the town’s men, assuring them, in terms full of affection, that everything in Scotland, England, and Ireland, was prosperous; and that succours, beyond their wishes, were speedily to join them ; but he concluded by giving them in charge, to husband well their provisions : a letter more alarming than all the men- aces of the enemy But the besieged, though in a desperate condition, did not give themselves up to despair. Not contented with mak- ing sallies, and defending the out-works of the place, they even advanced new ones, and became expert in fortification and mining, by imitating the arts which were employed against them. The women attended every service, animating the men by their cries, and often assisting them with their hands. All the spare time of the garrison, and of the inhabi- tants, was spent in private prayer, or public devotion * * About the middle of June, when the weather grew sultry, disease at last seized them, cooped up in a narrow place. They buried 15 officers in one day. Baker, their Governor died. Yet? even death in this form, more dismal than in that of war, dismayed them not. Their provisions being spent, they pre- jerved life by eating horse-flesh, tallow, starch, salted hides, 16 D. DALRYMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF impure animals, and roots of vegetables. When their cannon ball was near spent, they made use of brick covered with lead. In this situation, Gen. Hamilton pressed them to sur- render, upon conditions that were reasonable. Their answer consisted in asking, “ If he thought they could trust one who had betrayed the trust which their master had put in him ?” James, tired with the tediousness of the siege, and alarm- ed at Kirk’s arrival, sent Marshal Rosen, his Commander in Chief, in the end of June, to urge matters with more vig- our. Rosen having more knowledge in the arts of attacking places than the Irish Generals, changed the dispositions, in- vested the place more closely, and made many furious, but ineffectual assaults. At length, provoked by the fidelity of the garrison, instead of honouring it, he took a step unpar- alleled in modern ages : he gave orders that all the inhabi- tants ten miles around London- Derry, should be driven under the walls of the town ; he ordered the country to be burnt ; he proclaimed, if the town did not surrender before ten days were elapsed, that all the inhabitants within it should be put to the sword; 5000, or, as other writers relate, 7000 miser- able wretches, who were collected from the country around, men, women, the old, the young, even the sick, and nurses with infants hanging on their breasts, all were driven, with drawn swords, under the walls of the town ! — This device weakened the spirits of James’s army by its horror, and strengthened those of the besieged, by turning a sedate, into a furious valour. Many of the prisoners called to their friends on the walls above them, “ to attend to their own interest, not theirs; for, that a surrender to men void of all Christ- ian humanity, could not save those who were without, and would only involve those who were within in one common slaughter.” The Irish officers executed their orders against THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 17 D. their countrymen, weeping and obeying; and many of them owned, that the cries they then heard rang for ever after in their ears ! — The besieged, on the other hand, erecting a gibbet on the bastion nearest the enemy, gave orders to hang up whatever prisoners fell into their hands ; and wrote to the enemy to send priests to confess them. During two days and two nights, the unhappy victims of Rosen’s resentment continued at the foot of the walls, without meat, drink, fire, or shelter, where many hundreds of them died . At the end of that time, such of them as were able to go away, were permitted to do so. But those who died were the most for- tunate ; for the others, filled with the seeds of diseases, and with dejection, as they wandered homewards, beheld, on all sides, their habitations in ashes, here and there, at distances, the smoke of some not extinguished; their cattle, furniture, provisions, carried off. — A vast silence reigned over the land ; and they envied their companions who were at rest from their miseries! — It would be inhuman to the memory of the unhappy, to impute the disgrace of this action to James ; he revoked the order as soon as he heard of it ; because his own sufferings had, probably, taught him to feel for those of others. Kirk, in the mean time, heard their cries, and saw the fires, though enraged, yet perhaps not displeased, to see his own character for cruelty exceeded. At last, receiving in- telligence that the garrison, sunk with fatigue, had sent proposals of capitulation, and that they had provisions only for two days, he resolved upon an attempt to throw a convoy of provisions into the place, by means of three victual frig- ates, and of a man of war to cover them ; an attempt upon the success of which, it was obvious to all, the loss or preser- vation of the town could not fail to depend. 18 D. DALRYMPLE’S ACCOUNT OF So soon as the vessels approached the town, upon the 30th of July, the Irish army hastened to that side ; some to oppose them, and the rest to gratify their curiosity. — That part of the garrison which was not upon duty, ranged themselves along the walls nearest the river, with eyes intent, and hands lifted up to Heaven, for the success of the convoy. Kirk had been deceived in the strength of the enemy’s works. The ship of war, too, by galling the enemy’s batteries, drew their fire upon itself, and thus saved the victuallers from danger. The foremost of the victuallers, at the first shock, broke the boom ; but ran aground by the turn which this gave to her course. A shout burst from the besiegers, as from the mouth of one man, which echoed to the ships, the camp, and the town. Multitudes of them, quitting their ranks, few to the shore, and plunged into the water; some pushed off with their hands the boats they found there; others leaped into them; all advanced, or called to advance, against the vessel in distress. The smoke of the enemy’s fire, and of her own, covered her from the sight of the besieged During this darkness and confusion, the besiegers called from the opposite side of the river, that the vessel was taken ; a shrill cry Gf misery, like the wailings of women, was heard from the walls. The common paleness of fear appeared not upon men who had lost all sense of it ; for, one, who was an eye-witness, relates, that, in the depth of despair, they look- ed black in the eyes of each other. But, in a little time, the victualler was seen emerging from the smoke, having got off by the rebound of her own guns; and she and her follow- ers, amid the tumultuous cries of both parties, sailed up to the town. The minute enumeration of circumstances in history, needs no apology, when they are causes of great events.— THE SIEGE OF DERRY. 19 D. Upon the fortune of this convoy, turned the fate of London- Derry, and perhaps of Ireland. For, next day, the enemy raised the siege, after having continued it three months and a half, conscious they could have hoped for success from famine alone ; not from their swords. The garrison was found to be reduced from 7,500 men, to about 4000, of which 1000 were rendered unfit for service; and the remaining part of the garrison scarcely deserved to be called men ; as by watching and famine, they had rather the appearance of shadows. Their eyes being hallow and sunk beneath their brows, there appeared, in the expression of their looks, ra- ther signs of resentment that their enemies had escaped, than of joy that themselves were free; even to their friends who rescued them, those dark looks seemed to mark the remem- brance that relief had so often been called for in vain. Of the unarmed multitude, about 7000 had perished by famine, diseases, or the shot of the enemy. The supply of provisions was received with silent gratitude, as if it had been a gift from Heaven ; not with the noisy rejoicings usual upon such • * ± * # ± occasions, * Could History confine herself to the recital of glorious actions alone, her pictures would for ever be pleasing; but, if she pursues them to their conclusions, the sad lot of humanity often tears down the beautiful trophies she has reared. The regiments having consented to continue in service, were modelled by the unfeeling Kirk, He reduced many of the officers ; some he degraded to lower ranks ; and filled the places of both with dependants he had brought with him from England. Instead of keeping these bands of friends together, he drafted one-half of the men, and transferred them to re- giments in which their actions and their virtues were un- is known. From the brave Murray, under the pretence of the 20 b , DALRYMPLE’S SIEGE OF DERRY. necessity of service, he took the war-horse, which had so often carried him into the ranks of the enemy. ‘Walker, having been sent over with news to the King, was rewarded with money, not with rank in life, which the high-minded covet far more than gold. This man was afterwards killed at the battle of the Boyce.t * * * * By a partiality inseparable from all free Governments, because Government itself depends often on those whom it commands, no higher punishment was inflicted upon Lundy, for betraying Richards and Cunningham, than upon those officers, whose only crime was, that they had been betrayed. All three were dismissed the service — A punishment too small for him, too great for them. EXTRACT from Lady Russel’s LETTERS. IN a letter from Lean (afterwards Archbishop) Tillotson to Lady Russel, dated London, 19th Sept. 1689, is the following passage and note : “ The King (William), besides his first bounty to Mr. Walker, “ whose modesty is equal to his merit, hath made him Bishop of “ London-Lerry, one of the best Bishopricks in Ireland ; that so he “ may receive the reward of that great service in the place where he ^ did it. It is incredible how much every body is pleased with what “ the King hath done in this matter, and it is no small joy to me to “ see, that God directs him to do so wisely.” + Mr. George W T alker, so justly famous for his defence of Derry ( when Lundy, the Governor, would have surrendered it to King James), was born of English parents in the county of Tyrone, and educated in the University of Glasgow: he was afterwards Rector of Donoughmore, not many miles from the city of L.Derry. Upon the Revolution, he raised a regiment for the defence of the Protestants. After the raising of that siege, he came to England, where he was most graciously received by their Majesties; and on the 19th Nov. 1689, received the thanks of the House of Commons, having just before published an Account of that Siege, and had a present of £’5000. He was created D.D. by the University of Oxford on the 36th Eek 1690, on his return to Ireland. — Birck. LONDERIADOS; COMMONLY CALLED REPRINTED FROM DOUGLAS’S DERRIANNA. The following “ POEM ” was lately found in the Library of a Gentleman at Armagh , but in so mutilated a state , as to want the Title, and the whole of the two first Sections ; it is even to be regretted, that some parts of the Dedication, with the name of the “ Orator,” are also lost. — It evidently was written shortly after the Siege ; and as it relates circumstances not mentioned in any of the “ Narratives,” and contains the names of the principal persons who took an active part in those perilous times, the Editor has thought it not unworthy of publi- cation. L:Dekrt, 1790. EPISTLE DEDICATORY. To the Worshipful the Mayor: — To the Hon- ourable Robert Rochfort, Esq. Attorney- General, and Speaker of the Honourable House of Commons, the Recorder : — And, to the Aldermen, Burgesses, and Freemen of the City of London-Derry. I thought it my Duty to dedicate this Poem to your Honours, who — — — — — — it. Your Loyalty and Sufferings for the Protestant interest have exceeded that of any other society of men : for when all the world judged the Protestant Cause in Ireland lost* your Courage and Zeal retrieved it. Had the late King James subdued your City, the next attack had been fatal to all Protestant Countries: But your Courage and Conduct opposed the Torrent, that w T as like to sweep the Protestant Religion away with it. Your sufferings likewise have suffi- ciently demonstrated your zeal for the Crown of England : But to attempt your due Eulogy, w T ere to undertake an Her- culean labour, let the following Poem speak the rest, which deserved the pen of a Homer, or Virgil rather. The actions and occurrences of this famous Siege are so heroick of them- selves, that — — — — - — — off. He that considers the uncouth names made use of in LOND E R I ADOS. 23 d. this Poem, and how unfit they are for metre, will easily par- don the unloftiness of the stile. I have seen several Narra- tives of the Siege, but all far short of the thing : And I may boldly aver, that no material passage is wanting in this, having had my informations from good hands, besides the advantage of the printed Narratives. I have stiled Colonel Adam Murray, Hero and General; which I am sure no man that knew his particular merits in the Siege, will think unjust or unsuitable, especially such as have read the printed Narratives. But to anticipate ail detraction, I will insert the para graph upon London- Derry out of the great Histori- cal and Poetical Dictionary, published by Authority, “ Lon- “ don -Derry, was defended — — Shakers and twelve c< Demiculverins ; the people at first were thereunto encour- il aged to hold out by Colonel Adam Murray, who gave “ frequent proofs of an unheard of valour, in his sallies upon *• the enemies, and killed the French General M^jmont with 4< his own hands before the walls ’’ As your Honour’s particular concern in the subject of this Poem moved me to dedicate it to you, so also the oppor- tunity of knowing the truth of the actions encourages me to expect your protection, for you are the best judges of the matter of fact. That your City may be for ever preserved from all such Popish innovations, and from all insults of foreign and domestic enemies, shall be the daily prayer of your Honour’s Most Obedient Servant and Orator. LONDERIADOS. 24 D, Sect. 3 . —King James's Application to the King of France for Aid , Dread Sir ! your poor distressed brother James, Succours according to the league he claims. England again has forced me to fly, For life and safety to your Majesty; I trusted too much to their Non resistance , "Which makes me now this treachery to instance. The Prince of Orange has usurp'd my Throne, And now there’s nothing I can call my own : Ireland excepted, where Tyrconnel stands, Loyal and faithful to my just demands : He fort}* thousand native Irish hath, Who in my cause will spend their dearest breath. There's Maxwell, Macarty, and Hamilton, Brave Sarsfield, Shelden and Teague O’ Regan, Fit to conduct our forces in that land, Who will be faithful to our just command. But, in the North, a stubborn City lies, On which I’ve cause to look with jealous eyes. It’s Derry call’d, and fully cram’d by those That Roman Doctrine and its friends oppose. Besides the Lord Montjoy, I fear him more, Than all the subjects on the Irish shore : Him the Scots party have chosen for their guide. And vow’d to fight in no command beside. I against those some veteran Troops demand* To reinforce our Armj^in that land. LON DERI ADOS. 25 d. Sect. 4. — The King of France's Ansiver . To him great Lewis gave attentive ear, And thus reply’d, Dear brother, never fear ! With that he drew his sword, and nobly swore, I’ll never sheath thee, till I you restore. I’ll transport over to the Irish coast, Six thousand horse and foot out of my host : These will suffice to open the campaign, I’ll add some more to forward your design. Maimont, Lozin, and Rose shall Gen’rals be, Marquis Anlieur, Boislon, and brave Fontee. And least the Prince should any troops send o’er, I’ll cause my fleet ride on the Irish shore. Sect. 5 . — The Lord Montjoy Prisoner in France, Whilst one thus prays, and t’other thus replies, Behold expresses from Tyrconnel flies To the French Court; ’mongst whom for to decoy, They sent the brave and noble Lord Montjoy : Pretending to consult King James’s mind, If Talbot might the government resign. But he could scarce his errand fully tell, Till he was sent pris’ner to the Bastile. The Derry party their great loss solace, j And all their hopes in Adam Murray place ; [ For Lundy he was treacherous and base. ] And thus our hero secretly prepares, All things convenient for the bloody wars ; He view’d Lundy with a careful eye, And daily checks his subtile treachery. Sect. 6. — King James lands in Ireland . Mean time King Jaanes lands on the Irish coast, In greatest splendor with his Gallic host. D. LONDERIADOS. Great was the joy and triumphs of that day, For th’ Irish began to divide the prey : Nor King nor Talbot could restrain their pride, For they did all the English lands divide. This being done, the next and greatest care Was to take measures for the future war. The English Lords, People and Clergy fly, Who leave the kingdom to the Irish sway ; And Mass is sung in Christ -Church ev’ry day. Only the North withstands their furious rage, And does bad success to their arms presage* Which to reduce, they us’d a thousand tricks, But all in vain were th’ Irish politicks. Threats and rewards with them will take no place, Nought can force them th’ Irish yoke t’ embrace. Sect. 7. — King James's Council at War. Therefore King James calls a Council of War, And plainly states the matters as they are : You know, my friends, the Northern Hereticks Have still withstood our milder politicks ; There’s nought can conquer them but dint of sword, We must use force, I see, upon my word. I’ve called you hither for your sound advice, Lets think how we may do it in a trice. If England such true friends as you had bred, I ne’er had bow’d unto the French for aid. Sect. 8. — TyrconneVs Speech , Up starts Tyrconnel, and he thus declaim’d : In my opinion we may be asham’d, To sufler such a boorish number stand, In opposition to our just command. LONDERI ADOS. 27 d. Ten thousand of your Majesty’s best troops, Will them reduce and frustrate all their hopes : Send all the French and our best cavalry, Thus we may end the war immediately. Sect. 9. — SarsfxlcV s Opinion. ’Gainst whose opinion Sarsfield does enveigh, And states the matter clear another w T ay. My Liege ! Ten thousand thrice will scarce suffice. To grapple with such stubborn enemies : For w r e must first oppose them in the plain, And then suppose some of our troops be slain, Where’s a just number to push on a Siege ? Derry will certainly hold out, my Liege. The valiant Murray’s friends dwell in the town, And all the neighbouring Scotsmen are his own : He’s a stout man, his trade of late hath been To hunt the Tories, and their heads bring in : Let’s to the North a puissant army send, If we that City to obtain intend. Sect. 10. — Teague O' Regans Speech. Thus the brave Sarsfield. Next spoke Teague O'Began. In short my Liege, I am of his opinion. Wer’t to sustain a siege, I may boldly tell, No man in Ireland could myself excell. To man the counterscarp and line the breach, These nobler arts my better genii teach. But to pickeer and skirmish I know not ; These are as facile as to drink a pot ! — Thus Berwick, Shelden, and thus all the rest, Approve great Sarsfield’s sentence as the best. 28 d. LOND ERIADOS. Sect. 11. — The Generals Ordered. Then in all haste Maimont is order’d forth, With thirty thousand to reduce the North ; Maimont whose early valour on the Rhine, ’Bove all the Gallic officers did shine. Hint the French King sent to assist King James, ’Gainst each such subject as his reign declaims. Hamilton likewise was next worthy found, To head the army on the Irish ground. He that young Temple had out-witted go, That nought but death oould expiate the blow. The wretched youth ’gainst his false friend exclaims, And in despair drown’d himself in the Thames. Sect. 12 . — King James's Horse. King James display’d his Royal banner then, To which repaired these military men. The sound of drums and trumpets fills the air, And every warlike chief does hasten there. Both horse and foot crowd daily to the plain, And all appear with a most gaudy train . Mars never look’d so big in any field, With polish’d armour and bright glittering shield. Of all the gallant troops that crowded there, None did so brave as Sarsfield’s horse appear. Those he had raised upon the swift Liffy, And out of Connaught where his friends they be. Next him came valiant Parker with his men, On stately geldings prancing o’er the plain. Those he at Kells and Navan quickly rais’d; Then Tarah, County Meath, him greatly prais’d. LONDERIADOS. 29 d. Next those Tyreonnel’s Royal regiment came, Who from Minooth obtain’d a mighty name ; Though they were of another core of old ; But in Kildare great Talbot’s praise is told. Next unto those my Lord Strabane did prauce, Fagan of Filtrim did his horse advance. His father’s friends had him forsaken all, Then for assistance he fled to Fingall. My Lord Galmoy’s did from Kilkenny rfde, But most were rais'd upon the Barah’s side ; His friends, the Butlers, did his regiment fill. And for his honour did obey his will. Luttrell’s reg’ment’s from King’s-County brought, And Southwell’s from Tyrconnel’s fought. Sect. 13 . — King James's Dragoons. The swift dragoons came next unto the ground, And plac’d their standards as they storage found. My Lord O’Bryan his dragoons did raise, Upon the banks of Shannon ; to whose praise, Let future ages their great actions tell, For they the Danes from Ireland did expell. In County of Lowth, Lord Dungan rais’d his men, And from Tradath and County of Dublin. The County Clare, Lord Clifford’s troops advance, And to the Ctimp in noble manner prance. To Antrim and Lough Neagh, Sir Neal O’Neal, Did for his reg’ment of dragoons appeal. In Tipperary, Purcell rais’d his men, Who in brave order rode into the plain. In King’s and Queen’s County, brave Luttrel rais’d His regiment, who for his valour’s prais’d. The last dragoons that came into the plain, Were Col’nel Cottrel’s, all brave lusty men ! 30 u. LONDERIADOS. Sect. 14.— j King James's Foot. The drums did beat and hautboys sweetly play’ The gallant foot march’d next unto the aid. Ramsey march’d first with his tall regiment, To him Tyreonnel did the same present. Near Cork, Glencarty rais’d his regiment, Who skipt and danc’d all the way they went. In ancient times, his ancestors were Kings O’er all that country which his praises sings. Gordon O’Neal came next with heart and hand, To fight for’s King against his native land, Most of his foot he rais’d in Tyrone, O’ Cane his nephew join’d some of his own. Gordon O’Neal is that dire traitor’s son, Who rais’d a great rebellion in Tyrone. In Westmeath, Nugent rais’d his regiment, Who to the camp in gallant order went. Roscommon youths brave Dillon’s regiment made, Who march’d with noble courage to the aid. Barker of guards the tallest men he chose, To grace the army, and to daunt the foes. Macartymore, near Cork, a regiment rais’d, Which for brave soldiers all the kingdom prais’d. The Earl of Antrim’s red-shanks next went on, To join the army in battalion ; The same from Antrim and Dunluce he drew, Who to the camp with noble courage flew. Lord Slane his men near to Ardee he chose, Brave valiant youths fit to oppose the foes. Tho’ he was stout, and they were valiant, Yet Gen’ral Ginkle gather’d up their rent ! Great Cav’nagh rais’d a noble regiment, With which from Cary to the camp ho went. LONDERIADOS. 31 x> Out of Kilkenny, Colonel Butler made A regiment, with which he join’d the aid. From Carrikmacross, and from Monaghkn, A regiment was rais’d by Macmahon. From Waterford, my Lord Tyrone collects, A regiment, which the name of power affects. Into the camp Sir Maurice Eustace sent From Naas and Kilcullin a regiment. Anthony Hamilton in the King’s- County, Raised a noble regiment near Roscrea. My Lord of Louth a noble regiment made In his own county, which he led to the aid. About Dundalk, Lord Bellew rais’d another. And led them to the camp in gallant order. Sir Michael Creagh, Lord Mayor of Dublin, Raised a regiment of valiant men. Waughop and Bucan, two Scots gentlemen. From Tyrconnel two regiments obtain. All these and many more their station take, And with brave men a puissant army make. King James he view’d the forces as they stand. And gave the Gen’ral officers command : Around the camp huzzas did rend the sky. And treble volleys crown’d the harmony. He of this army thirty thousand chose, His. fatal enemies in the North t’ oppose. In gallant order they their march begun. And to the North of Ireland quickly run ; Charlemont and Dungannon were their own. And found no opposition in Tyrone. Betwixt Tyrone and Donegal remains, A silent river swollen by the rains ; 32 d. LON DERI ADOS. This slop’d their march ; the bridge was broken town, At Cladyford by the adjacent town. — — — Here we will leave the Irish to consider, The best expedient to get o’er the river. Sect. — *15. — The Protestant Army in the North. Well did the Northern Protestants foresee, The dire effects of this new tragedy ; How that religion and estates must go, If they yield all up to the common foe, A foe that’s seldom merciful and kind, To any person of a different mind. They muster’d up near thirty thousand men, Both horse and foot in warlike discipline. They chose Lundy their gen’ral, and did grace The brave Lord Blaney with the second place : Next him Sir Arthur Roydon. These they be Our Northern forces foot and cavalry ; Upon a spacious plain near Ballindrate, In gallant order these brave regiments met. The sound of drums and trumpets rent the sky, To England’s banner these brave chiefs did fly. Sect. 16. — The Protestant Horse , Fooiy and Dragoons . Sir Arthur Itoydon’s horse rode to the plain In warlike order, ’bove a thousand men : Some of his men strong polish’d armour bore ; But he himself a silken armour wore. Above a thousand foot he thither brought, Who at Drummore against the Irish fought. Thither my Lord Mount- Alexander’s horse And foot advance to join the English force LONDERIADOS. 33 d. Both horse and foot the relics of Drummore, Where they the shock of th’ Irish army bore : For he Nore-East a gen’ral’s post obtain’d, When at Drummore the Irish army gain’d The victory. Young Lord Mountjoy’s dragoons Advanced next, rais’d in his father’s towns : For near to Newton- Stuart in Tyrone, The neighb’ring gentlemen are all his own. The false Lundy under Dumbarton bred, His father’s regiment of foot thither led. Next unto these brave Skivington’s regiment, Into the camp in gallant order went : From Killy leagli, young Sir George Maxwell Was to that regiment Lieutenant- Col’nel. From Bally menagh the Laird Dontreth’s men, Were the next foot that march’d to the plain. Then Baron Blaney a brave regiment led, Which near Armagh and Blackwater were bred. Next Montgomery’s foot of Ballylesson, From Ligacurry the brave Atchison, ’Mongst which the brave Sir Nicholas Atchison. Then Audley Mervin from Omagh was sent, To join our forces with a reg’ment. Sir John Magill from Down some forces sent ; From Garvagh, Kenney a brave reg’ment. Then Parker brought a reg’ment from Coleraine, Col’nel Hammil another from Strabane. From Dungannon brave Chichester was sent, With C afield the Lord Charlemont’s regiment. The Lagan horse under James Hamilton, In that encampment great applauses won. 34 d. LONDERIADOS. From Colemackletrain, from Burt, and Inishowen. ’Squire Forward brought horse and foot of his own. From Glaslough, Monaghan and Caledon, A thousand foot were brought by Squire Johnson. Squire Moore of. Aughnacloy a regiment brought, And Cairnes of Knockmany at Derry fought. From Hammilton’s-Ban, Frank Hammiiton led A brave reg’ment, which near Armagh were bred. From Roe* water and from Newton-Limmavady, ’Squire Philips sent of foot a mighty body. From Hillsborough, ’Squire Hill a reg’ment sent. Which to the camp in gallant order w r ent. From Down likewise Major Stroud did bring A gallant reg’ment which his praises sing. Alderman Tomkins from Tirkearing sent \ Into the camp a gallant regiment, j- Which joined Col’nel Murray as they went. j The Vaughans likewise brought forth of their own, Some independant troops from Inishowen. From Lough- S willy, the Stuarts and Conninghams A party brought, which to our forces joins. Groves of Castle Shannaghan forces brought, From Kilmakrennan which the enemy fought. This valiant man after the wars was slain, When on the Fews he’s by the Tories ta’en ; He’s much lamented for his worth and zeal, And suffer’d greatly for the common- weal. Him Charles Colquhoun assisted with some horse From Letterkenny, and they join’d our force. These and some thousands more came to the plain, A puissant army of brave lusty men ! LON DERI ADOS. 35 d. The Generate view’d the forces as they lay, And valiantly Sc. George’s arms display ; Then they in haste upon the spot did call A Council of th’ Officers and General. Sect. 17 . — The Protestants' Council of War . To whom Lundy addrest himself in kind, And in few words he opened his mind : Great Sirs, King James advances to the Fin, \ But that’s the question, where he’ll enter in, J* At Cladyford, at Lifford, or Castlefin ? J To guard these passes, and secure this ground, Is the great topic which I do propound. From hence to Lifford near two miles you see. To Cladyford three miles and more there be, And four to Castlefin ; from hence we can Send speedy succour, and the fords command. This I advise, but yours its to prepend What’s more conducive to the proper end. Segt. 18. — Detachments sent to guard the Fords of Fin . The noble Council fearing no treachery, Applaud his wisdom, and the same decree. From thence to Lifford some good troops they send, T’ oppose the Irish, and the ford defend ; Mervin’s and Kenney’s regiments they be That guard the town and ford from the enemy. To Cladyford five thousand men they send, To guard the ford, and broken bridge defend : Sir Arthur Roy don’s horse and foot went there, Of all the army the best troops they were. 36 d. LON DE R I A DOS, To Castlefin they sent three thousand men, To stop that pass, and guard that ford of Fin. Ballylesson’s and Skivington’s men they be Who guard that town and ford from th’ enemy. Sect. 19. — Tlte Engagement at Lifford. The Morne from South, the Fin from W est commence, At Lifford they conjoin their confluence ; From thence to Derry in full streams they flow, And guard the South of Derry from the foe : Therefore King James must pass the swoln Fin, If he the City does expect to win. This to effect he sent some of his horse To pass the ford at Lifford with great force. The sound of drums and trumpets rent the air, Aud th’ Irish forces to the ford repair, And boldly enter in : when lo ! our men Pour showers of bullets from a ravelin. The Irish drop, and with the purple gore Of dying soldiers stain the waters o’er. From t’other side the en’my fiercely fire. And reinforce their troops as need require Till they got footing on the other shore, And with unequal force our men o’er- power. Then death appear’d in many a dismal hue, Our men retreat — the enemy pursue. Sect. 20. — The Engagement at Cladyford. Some of our forces unto Gaudy hye, To assist our party ’gainst the enemy ; ’Mongst whom great Murray with some friends ascends To Cladyford, and stoutly it defends. LON DERI AD OS. 37 » On t’other side King James’s forces stood Upon a liill which covered all the flood : From whence they fired smartly upon our men, Drawn up on t’other side upon a plain. This gall’d our troops, the foot began to fly, And quit the pass clear to the enemy. Maimont to pass the ford a squadron sends Of his best horse, Murray the pass defends. Major Nangle who led the Irish force, Dropt in the river headlong from his horse ; And many a valiant trooper floating lay, Which the flow river scarce could bear away. Thus he oppos’d the foes, till all his own Forsook the ford and left him there alone. Our troops expected succour from the camp, But none being sent, this did their courage damp. To valiant heroes flight's a dismal sting, Great Murray hopes to rectify the thing. Paulus ashamed dy’d upon the spot, Great Varro fled, ’cause he despaired not To conquer Hannibal. Our forces fly, And quit the passage to the enemy. Horror and death our flying troops pursue, The Irish horse our scatter’d forces slew. They intercept our troops from Castlefin, With death and slaughter and that country win. Brave Wigton of llaplioe at Long- Causey, Oppos’d their horse, till the foot got away. The Irish foot the broken bridge repair, And in few hours at Ballindrate they were. LONDERIADOS. D. Sect. 21. — Lundy s Treachery . Our beaten troops the doleful tidings bring Of both defeats, which through our camp did ring The dire alarm. Our roused chiefs to arms, And nobly vow’d soon to revenge their harms. Nature itself our camp thus fortifies, For on its front a rapid river flies ; Each wing a wood, the rere a bog does stay, \ Through which a narrow pass the Long- Causey, l But false Lundy had other fish to fry. j Thus in the camp he uttered his mind : Dear friends, you row against the tide and wind ; Let’s fly to walls, where we may safely fight Against our foes, and there support our right. His words like light’ning through the camp did fly, And daunted all their hearts immediately. Some call him coward, some traitor ; most do judge It more expedient into Derry trudge. At last the venom poison’d each man’s breast, And all to Derry fly in greatest haste. Lundy himself rid post, to tell the news Of our defeat, ne’er spared his horse’s shoes ! Sect. 22. — The March of the Irish Army to London- Derry, Our broken forces into Derry fly, And shut the gates thereof immediately. Some to England, others to Scotland go. And leave the country naked to the foe. The Irish troops ravage the country round, And carry away whatsoe’er they found. They march to Derry in a full career, And in few days before the walls appear. King James took up his quarters at St. Johnston. And there dispatched what was fit to be done. * LON DERI A DOS. Lib. II. Containeth a Description of Lon don -Derry, its situation, and fortifi- cations — The Charter of London-Derry broken by Tyrconnel — The Protestant Corporation turned out, and a Papist Corporation chos- en — An Irish Convent built, and a Papist Regiment put into the Garrison, which being sent for to some rendevouz, the Protestants rise in arms, and expel all the Papists out of the Town — They re- fuse to receive the Earl of Antrim’s regiment — The Lord Montjoy’s mediation, who obtains Lundy to be their Governor, and entreats the City to receive six companies of his Regiment after the Papist soldiers were disbanded out of it — William III. proclaimed King — The Contributors towards the holding out of the City — Their appli- cation to England and Scotland for aid — King James’s offers to the City — Lundy’s Capitulation — Col. Adam Murray moves the City to hold out, and discharges Lundy — The General Council clause Lieut. Col. Baker, and Dr. Walker, a Clergyman, to be Governors — The reformee of the broken Regiments — Eight Regiments formed in the City — The Irish encampments before the walls — The Earl of Abercorn’s Message to the City. % Sect. 1. Assist me, Muses, with your sacred flame, That I may celebrate the mighty name Of this fam’d town ! — -Nor Troy, nor Carthage are To be compar’d with thee in art of war ! ■"or Troy was raz’d, and Carthage burnt. Thy name Out-lives the fury of more stratagem ! Bove Rome itself thy praises I’ll extol. The Gauls burnt Rome all but the Capitol ; The Greeks sackt Troy, the Romans Carthage strong, The Gauls burnt Rome — but thee they could not wrong ! 40 d. BONDER I ADOS. Sect. 2. — A Description of London-Deruy. Derry, whose proud and stately Walls disdain, By any foreign en’my to be ta’en, Betwixt surrounding hills which it command, On an ascending brow does snugly stand. Against those hills the walls rise equally, And on strong bastions planted cannon lye. The curtains likewise have an equal power To annoy the foes, and the town to secure ; A river deep and swift with flowing tide, Surrounds the East and South, and guards that side, A higher wall and bastions do defend The West and North from the foe’s cruel end There’s a great Church, from whose high steeple goes Thunder and lightning to annoy the foes Near it’s a Sally Port, from whence they may 1 Safely spring out to hurt the enemy, From whose high Bulwark sev’ral cannon play, j The town’s near oval with four stately gates; The wholesorape air an appetite creates ! The Shipquay-gate receives the merchants’ store, There ride such ships as sail up from Culmore, To whose proud flag all ships must strike their sails, If not the fort to sink them never fails. From that to Derry its a league and more, The swiftest river and the finest shore ; For near this place the noble salmon play, Till the wise fisher makes of them a prey. The cunning angler likewise with his fly, Entraps the noble salmon as they play : Panting for breath he hauls them on the sand, And seizes the noble booty with his hand. BONDER IADOS. 41 D. Upon its banks some noble buildings stand, Fit to divert the nobles of the land. Ships of the greatest burthen safely go Above the city to careen, or so. Near the South-gate the Ferry- quay does stand, Where they waft o'er the natives of the land. On t'other side some noble buildings be, Fit for the ends of pride and luxury. On each side pleasant gardens to the eye, Which do abound with fruit exceedingly. Near Bishop’s-gate, the fatal wind-mills lye. Where cattle feed and criminals do die. This is the ready passage to Raphoe, And Donegal, from whence their trafflcks flow. Upon the North, the Butclier’s-gate doth lye, This side some moorish grounds do fortify ; But yet it leads to St. Columbas well, To Inishowen, to Burt and Pennyburn-mill. Here’s a plain path to Brookhall and Culmore, A fertile country, and a pleasant shore. A Mayor the town, a Dean the church demands, A Governor the garrison commands. In the town’s centre stands the Common-hall On stately pillars, the Main-guard and all. There’s a parade for near ten thousand men In the four main streets, and the Diamond. In this great Hall the Magistrates do meet To take good counsel, and to do what’s fit Sect. 3. — The Charter of Lcndon- Terry broke by TyrconneL And in this Hall the City Records be, ’Mongst which of Common-Council a decree, 42 i>. LONDERIADOS. That no Papist shall dwell within the walls* This statute to the Irish fury falls ; For Talbot had their ancient charter broke. And all the English customs did revoke * The learn’d Rochfort, Recorder of the town* Opposed the same to his great renown ; Yet in spite of reason and the English laws, Talbot the charter from the city draws. Turn’d out the English Corporation, And chose all Popish members of his own. Cormack O’Neal of Broughshane’s chosen Mayor., For Aldermen seme of the fol’vnng are : Brian O’Neal of Ballinaskreen is chose, Whose fathers did the IJnglish troops oppose In Queen Eliza’s reign most barbarously ; And Rore O’ Cane the Lord of Cane’s country. The great O’Rourk is made an Alderman, Who afterwards a Col’nel’s post did gain. Then Shane O’Neal, Con. Baceagh’s eldest son, M‘ Conways and M‘Anallies from Tyrone, And the O’Dougherties .from Inishowen, For Burgesses and Freemen they had chose Brogue-makers, butchers, raps, and such as these. In all the Corporation not a man Of British parents— except Buchanan, An Irish convent’s built, and several fryars Did teach the Irish youth to say their prayers* Thus they the English city did o’er- sway, And mass is said at market cross each day. The Protestants did their sad case bemocn, For Irish soldiers kept the garrison. My Lord Montjoy was Col’nel to the same. At length an order from Tyrconnel came. LGNDERIADOS. 43 d. To march this regiment to the rendezvous. By which oversight he did the city loose. .For when this reg’ment did the city quit, They ne’er would after Popish troops admit. At length a trumpet’s by Tyrcormel sent, T admit the Earl of Antrim’s regiment ; They boldly shut the gates, and time demand To weigh the matter, and their answer send. ■Sect. 4. — The Protestants refuse to admit the EarVs Regiment, At the great Hall the Protestants convene, And freely speak their minds as may be seen, Alderman Tomkins was the first that spoke, And thus declaimed against the Irish yoke : Dear friends, Tyrconnel seeks us to enslave. And this strong city in his power to have. But if your minds shall all with mine agree, We'll trust to England for our liberty. — Up starts Buchanan and thus boldly spoke : Take heart good Sir, ne’er fear the Irish yoke ; Receive the Earl of Antrim’s regiment, In peace and plenty rest yourself content.— Alderman Gervace Squire gave this reply : Sir ! you’re a traitor to our liberty ! And to the English crown, from whence we draw Our right and title, charter and our law. — Whilst they debated thus, another came With Aveeping eyes, and thus accosted them : Dear friends, a war upon yourselves you’ll bring ; Talbot’s deputed by a lawful King : They that resist his power do God withstand, You’ll draw a potent army to this land, 44 d. LONDERTADOS. Who will these goodly buildings soon deface, Ravish your wives and daughters ’fore your face, Aud all your wealth and substance soon devour ; Submit yourselves unto the present power. ’Gainst whom Lieutenant Campsy boldly stood, To save the city with his dearest blood ; And for an answer to the regiment, In greatest haste some cannon ball he sent ! But the Lieutenant was shot in the arm, As they the sentinel at the store disarm. Two days this regiment lay at Ferry- quay, The chiefs whereof, the following parties be .• From Antrim the Macdonnels, num’rous race. From Glenwood, the O’Hagans came apace. The Lord Macquhire from Enniskillen came, The great O’ Canes came from the River Bane ; Captain Talbot, Tyrconnel’s nat’ral son, ’J Then all the great O’Neals out of Tyrone ; And Capt. Macdonnel, Colkittagh’s son. ) The Earl himself was hast’ning hither too, Threat’ning to force the city thereunto, But all the country gather’d in apace, Fearing the Irish might, surprise the place. Then Master Hindman, Captain of the Guard, To strengthen whom the neighbours all repair’d ; Attack’d this party, as the city fir’d, Then in disorder they in haste retir 'd : But this retreat such consternation bred, That some with arms and some without them fled. The Earl himself, and the brave Lord M‘Gwire, In greatest haste to Antrim did retire. Lundy being gone to Dublin at that hour, They chose Squire Philips for their Governor, LONDERI ADOS. 4 5 d. Who in his wisdom to their great content, Prescrib’d to them a form of government. These things alarm’d the Irish government, In which matter much time and pains were spent. My Lord Montjoy to mediate came down, Who plac’d Lundy Governor of the town. My Lord did likewise beg the town’s consent, To admit six complies of his regiment, To perform duty with the city foot ; With much ado the town consented tot, Upon their solemn oath for to stand by The right of England, ’gainst all Popery, March foil’ wing, they proclaim’d his Majesty, The Popish members of the city fly, And all the city join’d in loyalty. Sect. 5. — The Contributors towards the holding out of the City against King James. During the interregnum, the loyal town Behav’d itself with zeal to the English crown. Campsy the Mayor, all the four gates did close, And did the Earl of Antrim’s men oppose. The Aldermen were at a vast expence, In stores and money for the town’s defence. Alderman Tomkins rais’d a troop of horse, And laid in stores against the Irish force. And Gervace Squire, with all his might assists In council, and our troops with stores subsists. Alderman Craig with stores assists the town, Preaching obedience to the English crown. Alderman Graham laid to his helping hand, With stores and money does the foe withstand. 46 x>. LONDERIADQSl Cocken, an Alderman in council sat. He did the Church and State both regulate*- Alderman Hobson with stores of provision* Supplied the forces of our garrison. Lennox and Leckey, who are Aldermen, For speedy succours went into Scotland ; Out of their shops our army cloaths receiv’d £ Thus all the Aldermen themselves behav’d-- Except Buchanan, who’s a knave all o’er, For he had learn’d to tell his beads before ! The Burgesses and Freemen gave their aidy And for their loyalty have nobly paid. Eady a merchant, w T as at vast expence In stores and money for the town's defence. Brave Gemmit, the Collector of the town, For its defence, spent great stores of his owa Morrison and Shennan, Apothecaries, Were at a vast expence in remedies. James Roe Cunningham, and Master Brooks, Gave great supplies, as are seen by their books. Ewin and Wilson, merchants, gave the- same, And forty merchants which I cannot name. Horace Kennedy went into Scotland, And mov’d the council some relief to send. Harvey a tanner, was a leading man, And John his son, now their Chamberlain ; The same and Curlew did attend the store, Dividing portions both to rich and poor. Master Macky and Evins did assist, And with their substance did our troops subsist. Then Master Mogridge, the Clerk of the Crown* With stores and council did assist the town LONDERIADOSl 47 d Captain Monerief rais'd a company. And Captain Morrison fought the enemy. Thus all the town were at a vast expenco, In stores and money for the town’s defence; The county likewise gave a helping hand, And with their forces did the foe withstand. Old Major Philips, a chief in forty -one, In’s ninetieth year into the city came, Endur’d the Sieg’e, and with sound councils taught Our brave Commanders, who the en’my fought. Next him brave Captain Godfrey of Coleraine, Into the city with a eomp’ny came, Lieutenant Cofnel Stuart, from Maghera, Did to the city with a party draw. Then Captain Thomas Lance came from Coleraine, From Prehen Captain Michael Conningham, And Captain Bacon from Magilligan. Captain Mulholland came from Maghera, From Tubbermore we Ensign Jackson saw. : Squire Forward help’d the town most nobly. With thousand horsemen ’gainst the enemy. Squire Philips went to England to procure Some speedy succours, the town to secure ; The learn’ d Couns’lor Cairns to England hies, To move that Court to' send us fresh supplies. Their Majesties, like tender parents, sent Two regiments and stores for the intent. James Hammilton the useful stores did bring, Who Avas entrusted therewith by the King : He’s son to the great Lady Hammilton, Who hath estates on either side the town. 48 d. LONDERI ADOS. Richards and Cuningham the reg’ments led; The stores were landed — but the Cornels fled I For base Lundy had paekt them out of town, Misrepresenting our condition. This happen’d but four days before the King The Irish army Tore the town did bring. Sect. 6 . — The late King James's offers to the City. Arch-Deacon Hamm’lton by King James is sent Unto the city with this compliment : If they in four days would yield up the town, ) All th’ inhabitants should enjoy their own, L With pardon for all past rebellion. And he in his commission sped so well, That Lundy forc’d the town to article. TIT ingenious Nevil, and the said Divine, Went to King James to tell him they would sign In a few days ; to hasten which, the King The Irish army Tore the town did bring ; Delays are dang’rous, and he pushes on The town to sign the capitulation. Which being sign’d and ready to be sent, Great Murray throws himself and compliment Just to the walls, who lay then at Culmore, And bravely fought his way upon the shore. Lundy refus’d him entrance, but the town Open’d the gate to their great renown. The loyal party knew his grand design, Then to his conduct they themselves resign Then in a moment all the town rebels, And curse the author of the articles. For at the guard a proclamation's made. That all true hearts repair to the parade LONDERIADOS. 49 d. With handkerchiefs on arms, that all shall die Who would yield up the town to Popery. Then in a trice eight thousand men convene,. To whom great Murray did this speech begin. Sect. 7. — Col. Murray moves the City to hold out . Dear friends ! this city is our last effort, Let’s not quit this, I earnestly exhort ; Least that in Albion Pour disgrace be spoke, That we submitted to the Irish yoke. Hold out brave boys, England will succour send, If we like men the city do defend. Here are sufficient to sustain a siege, If we to loyalty ourselves oblige ; Yet all’s in vain if we do not expel The traitor Lundy with his false cabal. The town consents, huzzas do rend the sky, Then unto Lundy all in haste did fly. Sect. 8 . — Lundy s Impeachment and Discharge. To whom great Murray spoke this fatal speech : Of treachery I do you now impeach, Both to the Prot’stant cause, and to our King, A Popish reign upon us you do bring ; You quit Tyrone unto the enemy, At Cladyford you caus’d our army fly ; And now you think for to betray the town, By a capitulation of your own ; Therefore, lay down your pow’r, for we will choose Such loyal men as shall oppose our foes. Lieutenant Cook, who from fair Lisburn came, Courageously did the same cause maintain. 50 d. LONDERIADOS. Great Murray seiz’d the guards, the keys and all, They presently a gen’ral council call : The Church and Kirk do thither jointly go, In opposition to the common foe — Although in time of peace they disagree, Yet they sympathize in adversity. Sect. 9. — Baker and Walker chosen Governors , and eight Regiments formed. Them in like words great Murray thus addrest : Dear friends, th’ intestine foe I have supprest ; Here at your feet I’ll lay down all my power, If you’ll contrive, ho.w we may best secure This loyal town. Then all with one consent. Agreed upon this form of government : Baker and Walker Governors they chose, And form’d eight reg’ments to oppose the foes. ** The horse to Col’nel Murray they bestow, Him Gen’ral in the field they do allow. From Philiphaugh near Tweed, his fathers came, Where they enjoy the Lairdship of that name. The noble name of Murray is well known, For their great service to the Royal crown. Cairnes of Knockmany’s his Lieutenant- Col’nel, From county of Meath his brave Major Bull. Coghran, Carleton, Moor, Stephen Herd, and Murray His valiant brother, Captains to him be. The Borderers did fill his regiment, Who to the field with noble courage went. Sect. 10 . — The Reformee of the Foot. The foot in manner foil’ wing they dispose : Baker and Walker Colonels they chose ; LON DERI ADOS. 51 D'. Whitney and Mitchelburn the same honour gain, To Parker the brave reg’ment of Coleraine : Crofton and Hammill the same station grace, These and the Volunteers defend the place. Out of the broken regiments they chose The soldiers which this army did compose. The Governors all matters soon dispose, The Cofnels their subaltern officers chose. Watson’s made master of th’ artillery, Two hundred gunners and montrosses be. Janies Murray was conducter to the train, Our engineer was Adams of Strabane ; For Town-Major they chose Captain Freeman : Thus in few hours they form’d a noble band, Which did King James’s forces all withstand, Which now begirt the city ev’ry where, And these their several encampments are. Sect. 11. — Galmoy's and Ramsey's Camp near Balliugry Hill , West Upon the West the Danish forts among, They form’d a camp of 1 3 thousand strong ; This stops relief from Lifford and Rapho, Oppos’d the Wind-mill hill and fields below. Galmoy and Ramsey did this camp command, Which did the town West and Nore-West withstand. On each side Bishop’s-gate some bastions be, Which did this camp annoy exceedingly. Sect. 12 . — General Hammilton's and Maimonfs Camp at Brookhall, North . A second’s form’d at Brookhall near Culmore, Which did consist of thousands 12 and more 52 d. LONDERIADOS. Of their best horse and foot, the French beside, Hamm’lton and Maimont did this camp preside. This camp did awe the town Nore-west and Nore ; The fatal Boom lay here near to Culmore. Sect. 13. — The Lord Lowttis Camp on the East over the Lough. Upon the East another camp was laid Beyond the lough at Strong’s orchard. They made A trench and batt’ry to annoy the town, From whence most bombs and red hot balls were thrown. Belle w and Lowth commanded in this plain, With the forces that conquered Coleraine. Sir Michael Creagh did the Boom command, To stop all succours from the neighb’ring land. The boom was made of great long oaken beams Together join’d with iron athwart the streams ; On top of which, a mighty cable run Across the lough through staples of iron : The boom on either side was fastened With a cross beam in a rock mortified. In breadth the river’s half a mile and more, The floating boom did reach from shore to shore Sect. 14. — Brigadier Kearny's Camp on the South. O’Neal’s dragoons and Kearny Brigadier, Did on the South a trench and batt’ry rear. The town thus girt, prepar’d for its defence, And with heroick deeds the siege commence. The traitor Lundy into Scotland flies, From thence’s sent pris’ner to their Majesties. Then from King James Lord Abercorn was sent To pay the garrison this compliment : LONDERIADOS. 53 d. That he would them a gen’ral pardon sign, If they the town immediately resign. And to withdraw great Murray from their side, A thousand pounds he offered, beside An equal post among the Irish horse, If he would quit the town, and join their force. Besides, quoth he, your forces dare not fight. — - To whom bold Murray gave this answer straight : I’ll make no terms, and you for to convince That we dare fight, come meet us two days hence At Penyburn-mill. — The delegates do part, And to their friends the intercourse impart. o4d. LONDERIADOS. Lib. III. Containeth the battle of Pennyburn-mill — Col. Murray beats the Irish horse, and kills Maimont the French General with his own hands - — The fatal Pyebald Horse t aken by the Protestants — Major Taaffe slain — The Governors encouraged by this victory — The battle near Elah — Pusinan, Pontee, and Berwick wounded — Gen. Hamilton takes Col. Murray’s father prisoner, and forces him to intercede with his son to quit the town — Col. Parker’s oversight, who, for fear of impeachment, flies to the enemy — A Council added to the Gov- ernors, upon some grievances — Col. Lance obtains the Coleraine regiment. — Col. Whitney tried by a Court Martial, and convicted — Col. Monroe obtains his post — Col. Mitclielburn confined — The bat- tle of the Windmill-hill — The Lord Netterville-, Col. Talbot, Col. Newcomb, and Sir Gerard Ailmer taken prisoners — Gen. Ramsay slain — Col. Murray sallies forth, and bums the enemies’ fascines — The Irish entrench themselves over the bog — Col. Murray beats Col. Nugent in pickeering — The second battle of the Windmill-hill — Two thousand of the enemy slain — Col. Talbot’s Lady offers T500 for his ransom. Sect. 1. Next unto thee, thy Hero’s praise I’ll tell, By whose great deeds, the Irish army fell. Assist me muse ! whilst 1 their praises sing, With whose fam’d actions all the world doth ring. Hector was by the stout Achilles slain, Thrice his dead corps around Troy walls he la’en The Rutulan King great Eneas slew, From David’s sling a weighty stone there flew, Which sunk the proud Goliah down to hell. — By Murray, Maimont the French Gen’ral fell- LGNDERIADOS. 55 Sect. 2. — The Battle of Pen nybum-Mill . On Sunday morn, th’ appointed day commenc’d By break of day : tlie Irish horse advanc’d In two squadrons ; their horse prepar'd to fight On the left wing ; the foot were on the right. Maimont their horse, Hammilton their foot command. At Pennyburn river they began to stand ; The sound of drums and trumpets rend the air, The flower of all King James’s men were there. Then noble Murray hastens to the strand, Who in like manner does his troops command. Foot against foot, horse against horse he plac’d, In gallant order he the en’my fac’d. He with a thousand foot his horse sustain'd. Which noble stratagem the battle gain’d. Mounted upon a gallant steed that hour, He fought the Irish with unequal power. The loud huzzas of both hosts rent the sky, Each side prepar’d to fight the enemy. Like to bold lyons eager of their prey, Roar to amuse it, and then to it fly. The French came on with glittering sword in hand. But our smart firing made their horse to stand. Maimont the French, Murray our horse led on, Thirst of honour pusht their ambition, Murray like thunder thro’ their squadron broke, A gallant Monsieur fell at ev’ry stroke. Maimont did likewise with like terror ride, Thorough our troops slaying on ev’ry side. Both squadrons fight with equal force and rage, And in close combat mutually engage, 56 i). LONDEItlADOS. Till death and wounds had cover’d all the shore, For both reserves had fled the spot before. For our reserve had fled into the town, And their reserve could not keep their ground ; For the brave Luddle, an English buccaneer. Who led the thousand foot, caus’d them retire. In the pursuit brave Major Taaffe was slain, Brave Captain Coghran did that honour gain. Lieutenant Carr, the Laird of Gradon’s son, In the pursuit great reputation won. Sect. 3 . — Col. Murray kills Maimont the French General. The strand thus clear’d Murray and Maimont meet, Who with dire threat’ nings one another greet ; For they had oft sought one another out, But still were parted in the bloody rout. First they discharg’d their pistols on the spot, In which first firing Murray’s horse was shot ; Yet the brave beast ne’er felt the deadly wound, But wheel’d and pranced on the bloody ground ! Redoubled blows they gave with sword in hand, Which the strong armour scarcely could withstand. They thunder like the Cyclops at the forge, When they the metal on the anvil urge. At last their swords in sev’ral pieces flew, Then with their rapiers they the fight renew ; •The brave Maimont began to falsify, And thought the day his own immediately : He wheel’d his horse, which then began to spurn. But noble Murray made a quick return, For under his heav’d arm, his sword he thurst, Till at his neck the purple gore out burst. * His fleeting soul with the free blood expir’d, And our great hero to the foot retir’d. LONDERIADOS. 57 d Sect. 4. — The Irish Foot beaten. Where they the Irish foot had soundly beat, And caus’d them all into their camp retreat, Brave Major Blair the en’mies fire sustain’d. And with great feats a reputation gain’d. Young Frank Crofton among their forces flew, And with dire blows a multitude he slew. Noble like lightening fell amongst their foot, Dumbar with red- coats put the en’my to’t. The valiant Cook, from Lismagarvy, fought, And conquer’d hundreds which his ruin sought. Lieutenant Rankin hew’d the Irish down, And in that battle gained much renown. Tom Barr, a trooper, with one mighty blow, Cut off the head of an opposing foe ! Two thousand slain the empty shore had fill’d, With seventy-three commission’d officers kill’d. On our side not a few : Cornet Brown’s slain, And the valiant Lieutenant Phetrix then. Lieutenant Mackay fell upon the spot, And young M‘Clelland’s wounded with a shot : The ancient father did his son revenge, Who with the foe did many a blow exchange. The tender parents view’d the bloody day, From off the stately walls by the Ship.-kay ; For near the walls upon the shore they fought, The tender parents their dear children sought, The wife her husband — Then back to the town Our host return’d in triumph and renown. Great was the spoil and plunder of that day, For all returned with some goodly prey ; v 58 d. LONDERIADOSP. 'Mongst which a pyebald horse, which Columbkilf Foretold, if taken at the Penny burn-mill, The Irish should expect no more success. This fatal horse was taken in the chace. Sect, 5 .— -The Governors encouraged by this Victory to Act This victory confirm’d the government ; Baker and Walker mutually consent To settle quarters, and to regulate The stores, o’er which Harvey a merchant’s set. The town into four quarters they divide, And place two regiments in ev’ry side ; They gath’red all provisions into store, And equally dispense to rich and poor This was good policy without all doubt, That they might longer hold the city out. They plac’d two great guns on the steeple top*. . Which gave the Irish many a deadly pop. They planted gunners likewise on the walls, And then dispatch each matter as it falls. The Church and Kirk did jointly preach and pray. In St. Columba’s Church most lovingly : Where Doctor Walker, to their great content, Preach’d stoutly ’gainst a Popish government. Master Mackenzie preach’d on the same theme, And taught the army to fear God’s great name. The Bev’rend Ruit did confirm us still, Preaching submission to God’s holy will. He likewise prophesied our relief, When it surpassed all humane belief. The same was taught by the learn’d Mr. Crooks, And Master Hammilton shew’d it from his books. LONDERIADOS. 59 d Then Mills, a ruling elder, spoke the same Of our relief, six weeks before it came ! From sun-rising to sumsetting they taught, Whilst we against the en’my bravely fought. Thus Heaven assists those actions which proceed From unity, in greatest time of need. Sect. 6. — General Hammilton takes Colonel Murray' s father Prisoner , and sends him to move his son to quit the Town. GenTal Hammilton had intelligence, That Murray’s father liv’d not far from thence ; Who’s eighty years of age, and somewhat more. For him he sent a guard with mighty power, To bring him pris’ner to their Northern camp. This great surprize did not his courage damp, For with the guard the old man hastens on T’ appear before great Gen’ral Hammilton ; With great courage the senior ask’d* his will. Quoth he, your son does ’gainst the King rebel, And forces them to hold the city out, Whom you may counsel better without doubt, in short, we’ll hang you up immediately, If you’ll not make him to our will comply. To whom the senior gave this answer straight : I’ll use m’ authority with all my might ; But when all’s done, I’m sure he’ll ne’er disown His firm allegiance to the English crown t But if you’ll guard me to the town, I’ll try If I can make him with your will comply. In haste he’s guarded to the loyal town, Where he’s receiv’d with great joy by his son. They tenderly do one another greet, And his grave parent counsels him what’s meet. 60 d. londeriados. Dear son, I’m sent by Gen’ral Hammilton, To see if I can make you quit the town ; But by this sacred book I you conjure, Never to yield unto a Popish power ; Our holy faith and loyalty enjoin A strict abhorrence of a Popish reign. Thus Hannibal was at the altar swore, Eternal en’my to the Roman power. With kind embraces the old man departs, And to the Gen’ral the sad news imparts : That nought can force his son to quit the town. And therefore humbly begs protection. The gen’rous Hammilton does grant the same, Then to his dwelling the grave senior came, Where all along he did in safety dwell, Though by his son the Irish army fell. Sect. 7 .—The Battle near Elah. Against the weakest side our Gen’ral saw* The enemy their greatest forces draw ; Which to prevent, with all the forces he Sprung forth at morn to fight the enemy. Near Elah in the parks, Murray came on, The Irish army led by Hammilton, Where he continu’d fighting till ’twas noon, Then we were flank’d by th’ enemies dragoon ; To beat off which, he chose five hundred men, With Captains Taylor, Moor and Saunderson. Murray himself did the brave troops command, Who bravely did the foes dragoons withstand ; Great Pusinan came boldly up to fight, But Murray quickly put him to the flight. LONDER I ADOS. Cl d. Berwick and Pontee likewise wounded were, By valiant Murray and the brave Dumbar. Brave Major Bull did winders iri that fight, For he beat back the enemy on the right. Crofton and Bashford did much honour gain, By Captain Noble multitudes were slain ; From Lisneskea in Fermanagh he came, But now he’s Major Noble of the same. Cairnes in our centre stood firm as a rock, And ne’er was moved with their mighty shock. He and his friends oppos’d the enemy, And in this battle fought most valiantly. Lieutenant Lindsey, Baron of Donrode’s sen, Did in this battle great applauses won, Captain Barrel from Urney near Strabane, Did in this action reputation gain. Sanderson of Tillylagan in Tyrone, With bravery great reputation won. The valiant Moor of Augher with great ipight, Cut down the en’my in this bloody fight. Lieutenant Cook oppos’d the enemy, And forc’d their bravest heroes for to fly. Lord Abercorn both quit his boots and horse, Without his cloak he fled with all his force ! Then in a trice we did the enemy beat, And caus’d them to their camp in haste retreat. We burn’d their store to Elah without pity, And then began to march home to the city. Sect. 8. — Colonel Parker s oversight. When we march, d forth, we carefully had sent Most of our horse, of foot a regiment, 62 d. LON DERI ADOS. T’ observe the camp by Gen’ral Ramsey kept, Lest they our marching home might intercept. But Col’nel Parker for some grand design, Had them commanded off before that time. Then Ramsey boldly with both foot and horse, Came quickly up to intercept our force. This great surprize did all our spirits damp, Fearing our men were slain by t’ other camp. But Col’nel Murray and brave Aubery Oppos’d the same, and caus’d them back to fly, Till all our men got safely into town, In which brisk action they gain’d great renown. Baker and Hammil brought forth a great gun, Strengthened by Lieutenant- Col’nel Wigton ; But their assistance came to us too late, For Ramsey’s firing forc’d us to retreat. But Col’nel Parker, for some policy, Fled the same night unto the enemy- His Coleraine reg’ment Col’nel Lance obtains, Who in the present service honour gains. Sect. 9 . — A Council added to the Governors upon some grievances . Upon some grievances we chang’d the powers, And add a Council to the Governors. First all the Col’nels, and then four more ; Two for the town, two for the country boor ; Cocken and Squire were chosen for the town, For country, Doctor Jennings and Gladstone. Jennings the Arch- Deacon of Ossory, And now the learned Rector of Antree. Then in this council, this a law was made, No act should pass unless seven gave their aid. LONDERIADOS. 63 d. Mogridge was Secretary to this power, For Bennet was to England sent before, To give their Majesties an information Of what had happen’d since the siege’s formation , He to their camp as a deserter flies, ] And in few days himself from thence conveys, - And tells our case unto their Majesties. j Whitney’s convict ; Munroe his post obtain’d, Who by his merits had that honour gain’d ; He’s Major Gen’ral Munroe’s brother son, Who did oppose the foe in forty-one. They likewise Col’nel Mitchelburn confine, And by good laws their government maintain. Sect. 10. — The Battle of Windmill-hill. Then Gen’ral Ramsey with five thousand strong. By break of day, entrench’d himself upon The Windmill-hill — our liberty was gone ; They from their trenches could kill ev’ry one That issu’d forth, or entered Bishop’s- gate. This sudden motion did much hurt create. To repel which we sent forth a strong band, Which Captain Bashford and Dumbar command ; And Wilson, Gunter, Moor and Fleming, they Attack their trenches, and the en’my slay. Courageous Gunter past their trenches end, And flank’d the enemy with some valiant men. Forbes like thunder ’mongst their forces flew. And with his sword a multitude he slew ! In that attack Ramsey himself was slain ; Scarce of five thousand the one half remain. Major Dobbin led on some valiant men ; Who presently the Irish trenches gain. 64 d. LONDERIADOS. Then Captain Pogue fought most courageously, And with his sword cut down the enemy. We took some prisoners of quality In this attack, and these their honours be : Lord Netterville, Col’nel Talbot and Newcomb, Sir Gerard Ailmer • these we carry home. At length our horse came into the pursuit, And then our General put the en’my to’t. To Ballymagrorty we the foe pursue, And all along the brow their forces slew, Murdach our Gen’ral’s Quarter-master’s slain, Who in all actions did much honour gain ; For he could six or seven at least withstand, And could effect a desperate command ; Though he be slain, his fame shall never dye, Whilst Derry’s siege is told in poetry. We forc’d them to blow up a magazine Of powder, for fear we the same should win. Then we return’d with glory and renown. With cheerful hearts unto the joyful town. Sect. 11. — The Burning of the Enemies Fascines, In a few days our Gen’ral sallies forth, With fifteen hundred men towards the North : Capt. Conningham and Noble he commands, T’ attack a fort which towards the Inch stands, Which they possest with mighty strength and force, But were surpriz’d by my Lord Galmoy’s horse, Who beat them off and slew ’bove thirty men, ’Mongst whom their valiant Captain Conningham, After quarters giv’n : then Noble he retreats, Unto our Gen’ral who wrought mighty feats ; LONDERIADQS. 65 d For he attack’d their trenches near Brookhall, And beat them out, and burnt their fascines all ; In this great action Colonel Munroe Cut down the Irish with a mighty blow. Captain Erwin acted above man’s power, But was disabl’d by a shot, that hour ; He’s son to Cornet Erwin of forty-one, Who gain’d great praise in that rebellion. Into the city we retreat apace, For us mo .t boldly they began to chace. Sect. 12 .—The Enemy entrench themselves over the Bog. Within few days, the enemy begin T’ entrench themselves , Hammilton and Lozin Were Gen’rals ; it was just over the bog, Where they their trenches in our presence dug ; This bold attempt rouz’d up our Gen’ral’s soul, For they their trenches made without controul ; He chose three thousand men, and sally’d out, And soundly beat the eii’my without doubt Out of their trenches ; but they reinforce, And beat us still off with some troops of horse. Thrice he their trenches gain’d, they regain them ; No reinforcement from the city came ; Waughop against us came with fresh supplies ; Our beaten forces to the city flies. This rais’d great anger to the Governors ; Had they sent aid the trenches had been ours. Our General did wonders every where, Assisted by Lieutenant- Col’nel Blair. 66 d. LONDERIADOS. Sect. 13.- — Col'nel Murray beats CoVnel Nugent at pic- queering. In a few days our forces sally all, To fight the foe entrenched near Brookhall ; But they retreat without e’er striking blow ; Then our Gen’ral does a picqueering go. Col’nel Nugent had made a solemn -vow, That he would Col’nel Murray overthrow ; Then in a Danish fort he and his friend, To intercept our Gen’ral did intend : As he return’d, they challenge him to stand, And who he’s for, they boldly do demand ; For you, quoth he, and then at them lets fly, The one escap’d, but t’other there did dye. He that fled his scarlet cloak had lost, Which on our Gen’ral by the wind was tost. Sect. 14. — The second Battle of Windmill- Hi To guard the Windmill-hill from th’ enemy, We rais’d strong trenches up immediately : From Columb’s wells near to the flowing tide, And lin’d the same with men on ev’y side. Col’nel Munroe was posted near the walls, Brave Campbell’s post upon his left hand falls Along the trenches some brave Captains stand, Who valiantly our forces did command. Near to the lough Lieutenant- Col’nel Cairnes Receives his standing, who great honour earns. In a few hours their grenadiers came on, Col’nel Nugent led the battalion : He briskly us attacked at the wells, And brave Munroe as briskly him repels. LONDEUIADOS. 67 d° They fought like lyons, till their Col’nel fell ; Nugent was wounded : then brave O’Farrel, Upon his right with two battalions, Came fiercely up, who fought like bold lyons, Till he was slain. Waughop and Buchan next, With ten battalions which our trenches vext Yet they could not our constant fire sustain, For dead mens corps had cover’d all the plain. The Irish prest our trenches at the strand, Till noble Captain Ash did them withstand. Captain Armstrong came boldly up to fight. And put their bravest heroes to the flight. Brave Robert Porter his pike away he threw, And with round stones nine Irish soldiers slew 1 Gladstones and Baird encouraged our foot, And Captain Hannah the foe stoutly fought Their horse came stoutly up with heart and hand, And thought our trenches could not them withstand Th’ attack was fierce, we briskly them repel, For in this action many a trooper fell. Of th’ enemy brave Captain Watson’s slain, Captain Macdonne! and Captain Butler ta’en ; A Captain of horse and all bis men were slain. The valiant Cairnes did wonders in the field, Some of the bravest foe did to him yield ; Brave Captain Lane encouraged our men. For on this place a multitude were slain. Their foot bore off their dead upon their back. To save their bodies from our fire’s attack. In fine, two thousand of th’ enemy’s slain, For with our troops we them pursue again, 68 d. L0NDER1AD0S Of ours brave Maxwell fell upon the spot y For he was wounded with a cannon shot. Whilst Col’nel Hammil does the foe pursue. Thorough his cheek a pistol bullet flew. The valiant Murray flew from trench to trench. And helpt our men in many a deadly pinch. [Here there is a want af eight pages.] ******** The wise commander thought it best to shun Unequal combat, to retire begun. Yet this retreat such consternation bred, That some with arms, and some without ’em fled Sect. 8. — The Bombarding of the City , The Council and the Governors decree. That all the ofP cers should together be, Captains in one place, Lieut'nants in another. The Ensigns in a third; and so in order ; That they might be in" readiness at call, To sally forth or to defend the wall. This was hard service ev'ry one may judge, Yet no man did at this hard service grudge. The Irish likewise prest them with their bombs,. Which forc’d all people to forsake their rooms. The dreadful bombs the sickly people’s toil. Both night and day our stately buildings spoil The town’s one heap of rubbish, many dye By this dire art, witness the charging boy ; Whilst he lay sleeping on his fatal bed, A dreadful bomb through his great body fled. Thus Alderman Thompson dy’d, and many more Hot bails they likewise threw from t’other shore. LONDERI ADOS. 69 d. This is the hardship of a town besieg’d : Who dyes in battle, to the foe’s oblig'd. Yet we do own the providence of God, Who exercis’d us with this heavy rod ; Though all the houses of the town were slap’d By dreadful boombs, Columba’s church escap’d, Wherein great store of ammunition lay, And where the Church and Kirk did jointly pray. In all Columba’s church, no damage’s found, Yet the bombs tore the dead out of the ground ! For at this sacred place they daily aim’d, Where we protection from God hourly claim’d. Yet all these hardships did not move the town, To quit the int’rest of the English crown. But all these are not for to be compar’d To want of food, when a poor mouse is shar’d Betwixt the tender parent and the child : All kinds of death to that of hunger’s mild. These they endured to a miracle, And ought to be set down in chronicle. Sect. 9. — The driving of the Protestants to the Walls , to move the City to yield . The Irish still of stratagems have more, To move the city their defence give o’er. They gath’red all the Protestants that were In three counties, and forc’d them to repair Unto our walls, both man and mother’s son, And hemm’d them in with a battalion. This mov’d the town to see their friends so dear, Before their face in this sad case appear, Not having wherewith to supply their want, That they were fourteen thousand all men*grant. 70 d. LONDERIADOS. Yet these poor people begg’d it as a boon. That we would not deliver up the town ; They’d rather suffer many a dismal blow, Than we should yield the city to the foe. We beat a parley : Gen’ral Rose did show, His orders from the King and council’s so. To whom the town replies, send these folks home* Or we’ll hang up your pris’ners ev’ry one. Upon the royal bastion, we erect A stately gallows in the foes prospect ; This mov’d the Irish to compassion, Then the next day they sent the people home ; A thousand of our sick went out with those, We in their stead as many fresh men chose. Great Mitchelburn and Murray had decreed* If th’ enemy had not the people freed, To arm the men and with the garrison, To give battle to Gen’ral Hammilton. This was a modern stratagem of war; In history no such examples are. Sect. 10. — Governor Baker's Death and Character About this time the noble Baker dies* His loyal soul to his Creator flies ; He’s much lamented and admir’d by all Who knew his merits for they were not small. The town he govern’d with assiduous care, Was sound in council and expert in war; Loyal and faithful to our sov’reign King, True to the Prot'stant cause in ev’ry thing ; Great was his strength of body, but his soul Did greater actions, which none dare controul. L O N D E R I AD OS. 71 T). True to his friend, and faithful to his trust, Upright in dealing, and to all men just. In solemn manner, we his corps inter, As it became a valiant man of war. A funeral sermon's preach’d, the bells did ring, And treble volleys did his praises sing. Lieutenant Dalton was his faithful friend, And counsellor whate’er he did intend. Sect. 11 . — A Treaty of Surrendering propos'd by the Enemy Then Hammilton bombards us in our lines, To beat us out of which he then designs ; But seeing us ready to receive their fire, With his advanced troops he doth retire. Then great distress upon the city falls, For on the North the foe lay near the walls. Our want of food did the town’s council force To slay ’bove fifty of our fattest horse. And in few days, we must yield up the town, When lo ! the enemy a parley sound. To treat of peace, commissioners were sent, We to surrender on these terms consent : If they would grant us twenty days respite, And their hostages to our ships commit ; Then safely to conduct us to the fleet, With all the honour for brave soldiers meet. These they reject ; our delegates return, And they the treaty to next day adjourn. To quit the town and arms they offer all, That the best subjects of the kingdom shall Enjoy our Church, Estates, and reparation, That ev’ry man repair to his own station. 72 d. LONDERIADOS. But Col’nel Hammil, Lance, and Campbell, we A flat refusal of these signify : And to convince them of our true intent, Murray with some gallant battalions went T’ attack them in their lines towards Raphoe Waughop, O’Neal, and Galmoy felt the blow. The name of Murray grew so terrible, That he alone was thought invincible : Where e’er he came the Irish fled away, And left the field unto the English sway. Thu valiant Noble to their trenches flew, And with smart firing several persons slew. Sect. 12. — The Walls at Butchers Gate stormed and Colonel Murray wounded . In a few days their foot and grenadier, To storm our walls, at Butcher’s-gale appear : The storm was fierce ; then Murray sallies out At Bishop’ s-gate, and put them to the rout ; Brave Bellyfatt’n fell briskly on their flank, And with his men o’erthrew both file and rank. We them pursu’d into their trenches strong, And ne’er bethought us, till we were among Their strongest body ; valiant Murray fought, And hew’d down hundreds, which his ruin sought*. Till a fierce bullet through his body past ; Then we retreated to the town at last. Our wounded Gen’ral on his feet came back, And ne’er complained that he blood did lack ; Brave James Murray, a Volunteer,, is slain, Who in all actions did applauses gain. In a few hours, Coghran revenge demands. And in their lines with a battalion stands ^ LONDERIADOS. 73 D, Captain Wilson and M‘Collogh gave their aid, \ Who in their lines a horrid slaughter made ; And to their gen’ral this great service paid. ) His wound was great but by the mighty skill Of Dr. Aickin and Herman, he grew well In seven weeks time. This was our last sally, \ For Couns’lor Cairnes arriv’d immediately, L And brought an express from his Majesty ; j Commanding Kirk for to relieve the town, To guard some transports from the fort and boom. Sect. 13. — Copt. Browning and Capt. Douglas relieve the Town with two Merchant Ships and the Dartmouth Frigate . Then in all haste two merchant ships are sent. With all provisions for the same intent, The Dartmouth frigate, with the said effects. The merchant ships against the fort protects. The valiant Browning, native of the town, With flowing tide attacks the horrid boom ; In a full gale, the ship is jostled back, But with her side she made a fresh attack ; The wind and tide with a most violent course, The beams and cable into pieces force ; The ship sail’d on, but Browning lost his life, A dismal story for his tender wife. Then Douglas in the Phoenix safely sails, Though from both shores a shower of bullets hails The fort and boom are past, yet thousands more Of deaths fly quickly from the neighb’ring shore. Each side the river planted cannon play, With which a power of the ship's crew they slay. 74 B. LONDERIADOS. When they had past the boom, the wind it fail’d, Then with their boats and oars the ships they haul’d. Meantime the enemy ply them with small shot, The bold Tarpallian dies upon the spot ; At ev’ry bounce the enemies cannon gave, The hungry people ’gainst the enemy rave. Yet favoring Heaven the merchant ships defends, And our provisions to the harbour sends : They unlade in haste the English beef and cheese, Bacon and butter, brandy, pork and pease. By Douglas, Scotland plenty of oatmeal sends, Which to their suff’ring brethren them commends. The Governors divide the joyful store, And equal portions give to rich and poor. The town’s o’erjoy’d the tkund’ring cannons roar, The bells do ring and bonefires the town all o’er. Sect. 14 . — - The Service of our Cannon from the Church steeple and Bulwarks . In all attacks our gunners played their parts, For from the walls they tamed the enemies hearts ; Eight sakers and twelve demiculverin Discharg’d their fury daily from within Against the enemies camps on every side, Which furiously amongst their forces glide. Brave Watson fired upon their strongest ranks, And swept off files from the enemies flanks ; Lieutenant Crookshanks dismounts from our walla The enemies cannon which upon us falls At Pennyburn-mill ; and Captain Gregory, From the Church steeple, slays the enemy. LONDERIADOS. 75 d» At both attacks of Windmill-hill, and from The Royal and the Double Bastion. James Murray from the Northern bastions* Near Elah hurt the foe’s battalions. Robert Stevenson ne'er mist the enemy, But furiously amongst their troops lets fly. Lieutenant D’yell and some brave seamen, Did from the walls slay many on the plain ; Lieutenant Evins’ praise shall now be told, Who in all actions was both brave and hold : Tho’ seventy years of age, he stoutly fought At several battles, and young soldiers taught : Until a bullet pierc’d his hardy breast, Yet he returned bravely with the rest : To save his life, his tender daughter found The safest course, to suck his bloody wound. He laid in stores, and willingly attends, And lost ’bove twenty of his dearest friends. Of all the powder which from England came. Five hundred barrels, eighty scarce remain. And Scotland likewise fifty barrels sent, All which against the enemy we spent. Sect. 1 5. — The Enemy ivithdraw their Siege, and Major General Kirk marches the English forces to Derry . These joyful stores the Irish army awe, Then in the night they silently withdraw' ; In greatest haste to Dublin they return, And all along our strongest buildings burn. They gather’d all the Papists from our coast, And made them march along with the Irish host. Then Kirk with the English troops his march commenc’d From Inch, and to our ruin’d town advanc’d. 76 d. LONDERIADOS. Sir Matthew Bridge’s house and gardens all, Were quite destroy’d by the enemy at Brookhall. The large and spacious suburbs were burnt down : Which was a great detriment to the town : Their houses and their goods destroyed were, Both by the bombs and cannon in the war. Their fruitful parks and suburb-gardens fell. Them to the ground the enemy level. Their debtors were slain, and debts were lost, A hundred thousand pounds scarce quit the cost. The rich inhabitants were turn’d to poor, Which liv’d like princes on their wealth before. In this condition Kirk did see the town, The truth whereof is to the world known. Mitchelburn Governor he did decree, And sent great Walker to his Majesty, Whose benign stars did influence our heart, And warmth and vigour to our souls impart. His infant reign produc’d this noble act. And yearly greater trophies did contract : Witness the Boyne, Athlone, and dire Aghrim, Lim’rick, and all the kingdom gain’d by him. May favouring Heaven preserve his precious breath, And lasting laurels round his temples wreath. The work is done, Apollo does presage The success of it in the future age ! Zodus himself dare not the actions blame : The author values not a poet’s fame. He wrote it for the sober men of sense, Not for the beau’s or wit’s intelligence. If Jove and they appiove the form of words. His heroes will defend it with their swords. COMMEMORATION OF THE 7th OF DECEMBER, 1688. Seculo Festas referente Luces . — Hor. The Mayor and Corporation of Londonderry, zea- lous to revive in the breasts of the present generation, and transmit to posterity, such principles as actuated their heroic ancestors, and impressed equally with the feelings of veneration and gratitude, when they contemplate their achievements on the 7th of De- cember, 1688, have resolved (with the assistance of their fellow-citizens) to commemorate, with suitable festivity the secular return of that memorable day — a day so honourably interwoven with that Grand iEra in the history of our Constitution, The Glorious Revolution, which, to our happy expe- rience, “ has been terminated by extensive and ela- borate provisions for securing the general Liberty.” Subscriptions towards defraying the expenses of the intended entertainment, will be received by the respective members of the committee appointed to conduct the same, viz. JOHN CONINGHAM, Mayor. STEP. BENNETT. Sheriffs. 78 d. TOWN MEETING. At a Common Hall held in the City of Londonderry, upon the 4th day of November, 1788, pursuant to public notice, JOHN CONINGHAM, Esq . Mayor , in the Chair , Resolved unanimously — That this Common Hall doth most cheerfully accede to the proposal of the Mayor and Corporation, “ to commemorate the Se- cular Return of the 7th of December, 1688.” Resolved— That it is the opinion of this Common Hall, that a Public Monument should be erected, to commemorate the Shutting of the Gates against King James’s army upon the 7th of December, 1688. Resolved — That, as the 18th of December next completes the century since the Shutting of the Gates, the commemoration of that glorious event be celebrated upon that day. Resolved — That the following gentlemen be added to the committee of the Corporation, viz. Mr. Bateson, Mr. Atchison, Mr. Armstrong, Mr. Moore, and Mr. Schoales ; and that Mr. Bateson be Treasurer and Mr. Atchison, Secretary. Resolved — That a subscription be opened for the purpose of erecting the proposed monument, and defraying the expense of the entertainment of the day. JAMES ATCHISON, Sec. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. FESTIVAL. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7 fO.Sj 1788 . The dawn was announced by the beating of drums, the ringing of bells, and a discharge of the cannon which were used at the Siege ; and the red flag (the ensign of a virgin city) was displayed on the Cathe- dral. The town was almost immediately in motion ; each person seemed eager to bear his part in the re- joicings of the day, and the glow of honest enthusiasm was apparent in every countenance. At half past 10 o’clock, the procession was formed upon the Ship Quay, and moved off in the following nrder : The Corporation and City Regalia; Clergy ; Officers of the Navy; 46th Regiment; Londonderry Associated Volunteer Corps; Committee and Stewarts ; Merchants and principal Citizens; Merchants’ Apprentices, preceded by Mr. Murray, (The great grandson of Col. Murray) Carrying the Sword with which his gallant grandfather slew the French General Maraou ; Tradesmen’s Apprentices ; The young Gentlemen of the Free School: Masters of Ships a&d Seamen closed the Procession. '•80 D. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. It is scarce possible to do justice to the beautiful and august appearance exhibited at this stage of the solemnity ; nor was it easy to behold, without the liveliest emotions, so respectable a body of free citizens, thus solemnly commemorating the heroic achievements of their ancestors, on the very spot where those memorable scenes were transacted — a spot, which should be as dear to the inhabitants of the British Isles, as ever the plains of Marathon were to the ancient Grecians. But the show itself, distinct from the occasion,, was extremely splendid ; every thing was suitable and becoming, nor was any circum- stance omitted that could add dignity to the scene. The universal wearing of orange ribbons had a very happy effect, and the band of citizens, however other- wise respectable, received a vast addition from the elegant appearance of the stewards who preceded them ; these consisted of some of the principal young gentlemen of the city,* and were dressed in a hand- some uniform of blue and orange. The Cathedral could not possibly have admitted the multitude who composed the procession, had not every precaution been used. Our city never before witnessed so thronged an assembly. The pews, the galleries, the aisles, and all the avenues of the church were crowded, and many hundreds returned unable to obtain entrance. * Geo. Schoales, Geo. Knox, Geo. Curry, And. Ferguson. Roger Harrison, Win, Armstrong, Esqrs. SEOUL All COMMEMORATION. 81 ». Divine Service being performed, an admirable sermon was delivered bj Dean Hume. His text was Joshua iv. 24. Nothing could be better adapted to the occasion, or more replete with just and elegant sentiments. After the sermon, a selection of sacred music was performed from the Oratorio of Judas Kaccabaeus. We shall not presume to appreciate the merit of the performers, but only observe, that that fine air, in particular, so well suited to the occasion, u ’Tis Liberty, dear Liberty alone,’" seemed to give the highest satisfaction to the auditory. From the Church the procession marched in the same order to the Meeting-house, where the Rev. Mr. Black delivered an oration, which evinced at once his knowledge of British history, and his ardent zeal for liberty. On returning from the Meeting-house, a scene was displayed unexpected, and perfectly nouvelle in this city. H is Majesty’s ship the Porcupine, commanded by Capt. Brabazon, appeared in the harbour. She was completely dressed, or rather covered over with a variety of the most splendid colours, and formed a spectacle equally beautiful and majestic; she came on purpose to do honour to the festival. On approach- ing the quay, she was saluted by a discharge of twenty-one guns from the ramparts, which she re- turned with an equal number. The Seaflower, a cutter belonging to his Majesty’s navy, accompanied her and added to the grandeur of the show. So large a ship of war was never before seen in our harbour* 82 d. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. The Dartmouth, by which Derry was relieved in the year 1689, came nearest her in size; and it is not un- worthy of remark, that the point of time in which the Porcupine and Seaflower appeared, was the very same in which the Dartmouth and her attendant victuallers were first discovered, viz. when the citizens were assembled at Divine Service in the Cathedral. — Thus, by a happy coincidence, the approach of those vessels formed a most lively representation of that ever me- morable event, The Relief of Derry. The procession we have described, had scarcely terminated, when another of a different kind com- menced. Some of the lower class of citizens had provided an effigy representing the well known Lundy, executed in a very humorous stile, and not without ingenuity ; with this they perambulated the streets in triumph, and having repeatedly exposed it to the in- sults of a zealous populace, they burned it in the market place with every circumstance of ignominy. This little piece of pageantry afforded no small enter- tainment to innumerable spectators, nor was it barren of instruction to an attentive mind, as it marked out, in striking characters, the unavoidable destiny of Traitors — who, having sacrificed to their own base interests, the dearest rights of honour and conscience, are deservedly consigned over to perpetual infamy, and become everlasting objects of detestation and de- rision even to the meanest of the people. At two o’clock, the 46th Regiment and Volunteer Corps paraded. The Apprentice Boys' Company com- SECULAR COMMEMORATION. 83 d. manded by Capt. Bennet, went through* the ceremonial of Shutting the Gates, supported by the regulars and volunteers in column — then returning to the Diamond with King James's colours in triumph, a feu-dc-joie was fired, in concert with the batteries upon the ram- parts, and the ships in the harbour. At four o’clock, the Mayor and Corporation, the Clergy, the Officers of the Navy and Army, the Roman Catholic Clergy, the Gentlemen from the country, the Volunteers, Citizens, Scholars, Apprentices, &c. sat down to a plain but plentiful dinner in the Town- Hall. The toasts were constitutional, and well suited to the occasion. The assembly was necessarily mixed and extremely crowded, the guests amounting to near a thousand persons. Notwithstanding it was conduct- ed with regularity and decorum : satisfaction and complacency pervaded the whole company. Religious dissensions, in particular, seemed to be buried in ob- livion, and Roman Catholics vied with Protestants in expressing, by every possible mark, their sense of the blessings secured to them by our happy Constitution, and the cordial part they took in the celebration of this joyful day. We cannot omit observing, that there was one per* son among the guests who had been actually present at the siege : he was born the year before the siege, and, while the city was invested, was nursed in a cellar. The company were much struck with the singularity of the circumstance, and the venerable appearance of the old man excited universal attention. 84 d. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. We have the pleasure of hearing, that it is in contem- plation to assist him by a handsome pecuniary dona- tion. In the afternoon the soldiers were liberally enter- tained in their barrack; and several houses were open- ed for the accomodation of the sailors, where they were plentifully regaled with beef, porter, punch, &c. The windows of the Town-Hall were ornamented with elegant illuminated paintings, designed and ex- ecuted by the ingenious Mr. Black. The subjects and disposition of them were as follow, viz. Ferryqu ay- Street. — The Shutting of the Gates by the Apprentice Boys. Bishop-Street. — The Genius of Derry, fixing the Imperial Crown upon the head of King William, and trampling upon the Genius of Despotism : at the top, the date when King William was proclaimed in this city 20tli March, 1689. Butcher-Street. — A Monument. Upon the right of the basement, the Rev. Mr. Walker, Governor of Derry, with the Sword and Bible; beneath a trophy, with the date of his appointment. On the left : Col. Murray ; at his feet, the body of the French General Mamou ; beneath, a trophy, with the date. In the centre of the basement, a view of Derry. On the centre of the pyramid, a figure of Fame, with a laurel, bearing a medallion, in which the Genius of Derry is contending with a tiger, the emblem of despotism. At the top, an urn. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. 85d. Shipquay- Street. — The Relief of Derry, a view from the Barrack rampart — the British ships emerging from the smoke, after having broken the boom — the garrison rejoicing in different attitudes — at a distance, King James’s army striking their tents, and' retiring in confusion. Besides these many transparent pictures appeared in different parts of the town. The houses were splendidly illuminated* and a grand display of fire- works from Shipquay- gate, concluded the entertain- ments of the evening. On the following day, the festival was continued ; and that every class of people might have some enter- tainment suited to their peculiar taste, an ox, decor- ated with orange ribbons, and attended by a procession of butchers, was drawn at noon thro’ the principal streets to the Diamond. It was afterwards cut into pieces, and distributed, with bread and beer, to poor house-keepers. In the evening, the festival was concluded with a ball and supper. The company was more numerous than had ever been seen on any former occasion, yet everything was conducted with propriety and regular- ity. The general decorum that v T as preserved both at the ball, and at the entertainment the preceding day, w r as owing in a great degree to the attention of the gentlemen who acted as stewards. The committee are much to be applauded for this well-judged arrange- ment, and the gentlemen themselves are entitled to 86 d. SECULAR COMMEMORATION. the thanks of the citizens, for their care in preserving good order, and in accommodating the company. During the continuance of the festival, the weather was peculiary favourable, and we learn with very great pleasure, that no disagreeable accident happened, altho’ the contrary might have been feared, from the prodigious multitudes that thronged together, espe- cially at the Cathedral and the Meeting-House on Thursday. Throughout the whole of this business no sentiment was more universally observed than that of love to the Sovereign. The day had scarcely dawned, when “ God save the King” sounded from the bells; with the same tune the procession was both received and dismissed at the Cathedral. It was the favourite song at the entertainment on Thursday, and it was sung in full chorus at the ball on Friday. In short, it was apparent, that tho’ the joy natural to the occasion was strongly felt and universally diffused, it was deeply blended with an affectionate concern for our beloved and afflicted Monarch. Thus terminated the festival. Judicious in its origin, respectable in its progress, and happy in its conclusion. The event and its commemoration, it may be said, (and what can be higher praise) were worthy of each other. No religious animosities, no illiberal reflections on past events, poisoned the gene- ral joy and triumph. The Genius of Ireland seemed to preside, repressing in the Protestants, all irritating marks of exultation, and exciting in the Roman Ca- SECULAR COMMEMORATION, 87 d . tholics the feelings of thankfulness for the deliverance of their persons and properties from the shackles of a lawless and deplorable despotism. May the era be propicious ! May this festival be, by every citizen of the empire, considered as a bond of union, a declaration of loyalty, and a triumph of liberty ! But whilst we praise the spirit, the conduct, and the termination of the festival, let it not be forgotten, that this is only the first step in the business of commemoration — the great object re- mains yet to be accomplished. Honourably as the committee have acquitted themselves in the conduct of the festival, we trust that the execution of the triumphal arch and statue of our deliverer, will be a still more honourable proof of their zeal and public spirit. The festival, however grateful and pleasing, is at best but a transient and fugitive commemoration^ it may, for some time, excite our feelings of patriotism; but it will pass away, and leave only a slight and feeble impression. The arch and statue will be a permanent monument. In the w’ords of Scripture, c< It will be a sign amongst us and a memorial for ever.’' This brief account of the Centenary Commemoration of the Belief of Derry, is from the Ordnance Survey Memoir published in 1837. 1789, August 1 (0. S.) The Centenary of the Deliverance and Opening of the Gates of Derry, in 1689, w r as celebrated in the same spirit of general concord, as that of the Shutting of the Gates in the SECULAR commemoration: m preceding year. On this as on the former occasion, there was a public procession of all the citizens to the Cathedral, where they offered up their united expres- sion of gratitude to God the Deliverer. It was marshalled in the following' order : — The Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, Accompanied by Dean Hume, and a numerous body of the Clergy ©f the Established Church. Dr. Mac Devitt, Tha Eroman Catholic Bishop of Derry, and several of his Clergy. The Presbyterian Ministers, and Elders. The Worshipful the Mayor, Thomas Bateson, Esq., with The Aldermen and Members of the Corporation in their robes, accompanied by their Officers. The Members of the Commemoration Committee. The Londonderry Independent Volunteers, &c. &c. &c. Thus all sectarian and political differences were hap^ pily laid aside in the Universal rejoicing for the triumph for that civil and religious liberty, a blessing to all, which was celebrated on this occasion. From the Cathedral the procession moved in the same order to the Bishop’s Gate, where the first stone of a Triumphal Arch was laid by Thomas Bateson, Esq. Mayor, under a triple discharge of small arms and artillery. Thence the 28 th Regiment and the Volunteers marched into the Diamond, where they fired three more volleys in honour of the festival. The evening was terminated with a dinner and fire- works; and the festival was concluded on a subse- quent evening by a splendid ball. ADVERTISEMENT OF PRIZE ME DAE. “ In magnis voluisse satis." When the Corporation and Citizens of Derry resolv- ed to commemorate the 7th of December 1688 , Mr. Douglas published the following advertisement : “ Mr. Douglas, desirous of contributing his endeavours towards the celebrity of the ensuing festival, and of testifying his respect for the Citizens of Derry, hereby gives notice, that he will present a silver medal ornamented with suitable devices and inscriptions, to the author of the best Poem, either heroic or metrical, on the subject of The Siege of Derry. October 27, 1788.” The following are extracts from the Prize Poem by Leonidas. ***** * * From Albion’s Isle, a colony there came— The fact, tho’ distant, is well known to fame — Nurtur’d in freedom’s lap, an hardy race, Rais’d Derry’s walls, and built this loyal place. From sires like these, a sim’lar race had sprung, War in each breast, and freedom in each tongue, No dastard fears e’er perch’d upon their brow, — Such you may see the sons of Derry now ! This was the place whose martial sons, alone, Supported freedom and the British throne ; Ador’d the parent stem from whence it grew, Bled to support its rights — and conquer’d too ! Around her walls, lo ! James, with France ally’d. Embattled legions rang’d on ev’ry side ; Royal rebellion summon’d her to yield — She spurn’d its mandates, and she chose the field. In grating thunder, to his ears made known, She’d guard her country’s welfare as her own; To none but England’s former laws she’d bow ; To them she’d vow’d and ne’er would break that vow, Oft soft allurements, often threats they hear, That rais’d no faithless thought, nor coward fear : Thus they fix’d rock, when waves and wind assail, Resists each billow, and defies each gale ; Amidst the gen’ral shock it stands unmov’d, Its strength more valu’d still the more its prov’d. With hearts and hands united they decree, “ That none but William should their Sov’reign be.” 90 D. EXTRACTS FROM PRIZE POEM, Hail, glorious name ! as long as time shall run. Endear’d to mem’ry will be freedom’s son ! ’Twas thine, her choicest blessings to bestow. The choicest blessings mortals feel below : Beneath his throne see stern oppression hurl’d, And superstition flies th’ enlighten’d world : The Bill of Rights sheds radiance round thy name, Ensures thy glory, and embalms thy fame ; Time, which destroys all else, to thee shall give Encreasing splendour, and, tho’ dead, you’ll live — Live in the hearts of patriots yet unborn, Who with new trophies shall thy fane adorn. Scarce had this magic name their souls possess’d, ’Till patriot ardour fir’d each glowing breast : He, who e’er this had stoop’d to peaceful trade, His calling spurns, and draws the glitt’ring blade ; All former thoughts those dread resolves succeed, To conquer nobly, or to bravely bleed. * * * * * * • Hail, glorious Walls ! while circling years shall flow^ Or genial suns illume this sphere below; While sparkling stars diffuse their distant light, And cheer with fainter rays the sable night; While yon blue arch with suns and stars shall shine, Be thine the triumph, as the woe was thine ; May all thy sons, with glory’s splendour blest, Unite the hero’s to the patriot's breast, May these glad tidings cheer thy Walker’s ghost, Where’er he strays along Elysium’s coast : avid Blair, &c. Lieutenant Colonel John Cairnes,and Captain Philip Dunbar, &c. being placed on the hill with a reserve. Colonel Murray divides the horse, which were about 300 in number, in two parties ; with the -first of these he charged himself, with great courage.; the .second .squadron was led on by Major Nathaniel Bull, son to Major Samuel Bull, of the county of Meath, who did us very good service, by his integrity to the in- terest of the garrison, and his influence on the sol- diers to animate their courage. The rear of that squadron was brought up by Captain Cochran, who, when his squadron fled, advanced with a few to the party that was engaged, his horse being shot under 220 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE him, and himself shot in the leg. The enemy di- vided their horse into two squadrons also : he that commanded the first party led them on with great bravery. Colonel Murray charged through that bri- gade, and had that day three personal encounters with their commander, in the last of which he killed him on the spot, whom the enemy themselves con- fessed to be Lieutenant-General Mammou : it was also reported that he killed his brother in the same action. In the meantime, the rere of our horse fled towards the walls, the enemy’s horse being hot in the pursuit of them. Our foot that were at the Mill had done great execution on the enemy, but observ- ing the horse were generally fled, except a small party which continued with Colonel Murray, they came down to the strand-side, and lined the ditches, and the enemy’s horse that pursued ours having no other way to come back but that, our men fired so thick on them at their return, that very few of all that party escaped. This day when this dispute was begun, the enemy in the afternoon brought the can- non they had played us with, down to the point, op- posite to our men on the strand, and played over warmly at them, though without any execution, till one of our guns from the walls disabled their gun, and killed the gunner and others. We could have no certain account how many of the enemy were killed, they w T ere said to be above 200 ; we lost nine or ten, viz. Lieutenant MThedras, Cornet Brown, Mr. Mackee, one Harkness, and five or six more private soldiers; several were wounded. We got only one standard, but considerable spoil of horse, arms, cloaks, saddles, watches, money, &c. This prey did not a little quicken the appetites, and animate the reso- lutions of the soldiers in their sallies afterwards ; the manner whereof (to suggest that here) was usually this, that when any officer of note, with a few more attending him was about to go out, all that were willing to hazard themselves in the enterprize follow- ed them as volunteers.. OF LONDONDERRY. 221 The persons of note said to be killed on the enemy’s side, were General Manimou, Major Taaffe, Major Waggon, Major-General Pusignian, Quarter-Master Cassore, Captain Fitzgerald. April 23. — The enemy planted two cannon in the lower end of Strong’s Orchard, near eighty perches distant from the town, on the other side the water, over against Shipquay-street ; these threw ball, of about ten pound weight each ; with these they played so incessantly on that street, piercing the garrets and walls, that some were hurt, and few durst stay above stairs. The besieged having made a blind in that street to preserve the people, repay them from the walls in the same coin, and killed Lieutenant Fitz- patrick, Lieutenant Con O’Neal, two sergeants, some soldiers, and, as was reported, two lusty friars. April 25. — Colonel Murray, with some horse, and a good party of foot, sally out and beat the besiegers that had got into the ditches, out of them. Some few of our foot had pursued too far : a party of the enemy’s horse coming suddenly about the end of the little hill, forced them to retire back to the rest of our party, who observing the enemy’s horse to ad- vance so quick towards them, took themselves to the ditch by the way side, and bred so briskly and con- tinually on them, that they were forced to flee. Our men pursue them down to Pennyburn Mill, and pressed so hard upon them, that their dragoons who were beat from the old mill, near an English mile up the same water that Pennyburn Mill stands on, left their horses, and came down to assist their foot, and some horse who were in hazard at Pennyburn Mill. Our mo n kept them at warm service till to- wards the evening, and returned when wearied without any loss. A party of men that went out late to be a rereguard to our men at the Mill, were beat in by a party of horse that were dispatched, with each a foot- man behind him, from the enemy’s camp, but without loss. This day, Colonel Murray, Major Nathaniel p2 MACKENZIES SIEGE 222 Ball, Captain Obrey, Captain John Kennedy, Captain Archibald Sanderson, Captain Michael Cunningham, Captain William Beatty, and Captain William Moore, and others, behaved themselves with great bravery : the dispute at both the mills was very sharp, and lasted some time. What number of the enemy was killed we could not learn ; we lost but two men, and had eight or ten wounded, who recovered. This night Major Parker left this city and deserted their Majesties’ service here on this , occasion. A rereguard of foot had been left to defend our men from a party of the enemy, which we on the walls saw coming on them. These Major Parker was too slow and negligent in bringing off, according to his orders, whereby they were exposed to great danger from the enemy. For this misbehaviour he was threatened with a court-martial, which he took this course to avoid. The enemy planted their mortar pieces first in Strong’s Orchard, on the other side of the water, and threw ' into the town some small bombs, which did pot much hurt. Our ammunition was put into several places, as the church, dry wells, cellars, &c. At this time, that there might be a good under- standing, and harmony among the besieged, it was agreed to by Governor Baker, that the Conformists should have the Cathedral Church the one half of the Lord’s Day, during the whole time of the Siege, and the Nonconformists the other half ; the latter enter- ing at twelve, had two sermons there every afternoon, besides two or three other meetings in other parts of the city. In their assemblies there were every Lord’s Day considerable collections for the relief of the poor people, and the sick and wounded soldiers, who had otherwise perished for any care was taken of them ; and they had the use of the Cathedral every Thursday. Governor Baker, together with Colonel Walker, who was also complimented with the title of Gover- nor, but always understood with reference to the OF LONDONDERRY. 223 stores, the oversight whereof was (besides liis regi- ment) the only trust committed to him by the garrison, to examine the stores, and continue the old store- keepers in their several places, till our stores began to fail, and then all was put into one store-house which was carefully kept by Mr. Jo. Harvey, and his brother Samuel, all the time of the siege. There were persons appointed to search all cellars, and what provisions they found there, which had been plentifully laid in by private gentlemen and others of the country, they brought to the store, and these were the support of the garrison. Some of the chief officers spoke to the Noncon- forming Ministers, to be chaplains to their regiments, as others to some of the Conformists. Colonel W alker invited myself to be his, the generality of his officers as well as soldiers being Nonconformists; yet the Nonconforming Ministers received no allow- ance out of the stores. Some of them had brought to town a considerable stock of provisions of their own, which was taken to the public store-house, and others of them lived on their own money. The Con- forming Ministers generally w r ere maintained by the store for some time, and after that had two shillings and sixpence a week paid them, while the others had no such allowance, wTiich had like to have been re- sented to a high degree in the garrison, if some that considered our present circumstances had not been careful to prevent it. About the 27th of April, Captain Darcy (mentioned before, one that was brought from Scotland by Cap- tain Hamilton before the siege, and left prisoner here, having fled from England where he was one of King James’s party,) had a pass given him by our Governor logo with horse and arms, which he ac- cordingly did. Lieutenant Colonel Whitney had sold him some horses, w r hich were said to be none of his own ; upon which and other misdemeanors, Whitney w r as confined, and afterwards tried by a council of 224 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE war, and found guilty of being* no friend to this gar- rison, for which he was under confinement during the time of the siege. About this time, Captain Lance is chosen Colonel to Coleraine regiment, which Parker had deserted, and Captain Monro is chosen Colonel to Whitney’s regiment. So that now all the regiments had their Colonels, which continued so during the whole time of the siege. Governor Baker’s regiment of foot, consisting of twenty-six companies ; Colonel Mitchelburne’s, of seventeen companies ; Colonel Walker’s, of fourteen companies ; Colonel Monro’s, of twelve companies ; Colonel Lance’s, of thirteen companies ; Colonel Hamil’s of fifteen companies; Colonel Crofton’s, of twelve companies ; Colonel Murray’s regiment of horse, consisting of eight troops. Besides these men that were regimented, there were several volunteers in town who did good service, as Captain Joseph Johnston, who was very careful to have good patrols kept; Captain William Crooke, and Mr. David Kennedy, and many others, who were frequently out upon service ; the first of these having his leg broke with a piece of a bomb, whereof he died. About the beginning of May, Colonel Mitchelburne was suspected by Governor Baker and the garrison. The Governor confined him to his chamber, betwixt whom there was some little scuffle when he was ap- prehended. He continued under the rules of con- finement, but was never tried by a council of w'ar: what the grounds of the suspicion were, is too tedious to relate, but lie was afterwards nominated by Baker Governor during his sickness. About the same time, Governor Baker (fearing lest enemies within the town should work mines in cellars near the walls,) took with him Mr. William Mackie, one of the citizens that was very active and OF LONDONDERRY. 225 industrious for defence of the town ; and they two searched all cellars near the walls, under pretence of examing the provisions, but found nothing of what they feared. Few days passed (while the enemies camp were coming nearer to us,) but Colonel Murray, Captain Noble, Captain Dunbar, Captain Andrew Adams, (afterwards Major,), Captain Wilson, Captain Archi- bald Hamilton, Captain Beatt}% Captain Sanderson, jun., (whose father, Captain Alexander Sanderson was very useful in the garrison; so were also Major Alexander Stuart, Major John Dobbins, Captain Charles Shaw, Captain Samuel Wright, Captain James MacCormick,) Captain Bashford, Captain Cunning- ham, Lieutenant Dunlop, Lieutenant Maghlin, or some of them, went out with small parties, (and some- times private soldiers only,) and they seldom return- ed without doing some execution on the enemy, or bringing in some small prey. Captain Noble and others found several letters in the pockets of the slain, giving them some intelli- gence, particulary about the surrender of Culmore. We were informed that Lundy as he passed by, sent a message to them that Derry was surrendered ; this added to the discouragement the}^ were under, having little ammunition, and eight of the guns being before sent up to town by Captain Jemmet, on Lundy’s or- ders, is said to have inclined them to follow the ex- ample. May 5. — About the middle of that night, the be- siegers under the command of Brigadier Ramsay, came to the Wind mill, and beat in our out guards which were but few, and possessed themselves of that place, and before sun rising, had aline drawn from the bog to the w r ater ; it was old ditches which they quickly made up. Early on May the 6th, Governor Baker and other officers were about detaching ten out of every com- pany to attack them, but the men w r ere impatient* 226 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE and ran out of their own accord, some at Bishops- gate, others at Ferryquay-gate, their number being thus increased, they advanced on the enemy, w 7 ho were come into the ditches and old walls, and beat them from ditch to ditch, till they were got into the line they had made, where they so continually fired on them, that they forced them to quit the line they had drawn, and flee for it. Our men pursued them so close, that they came to club musket with it. But their foot and dragoons flee in great confusion. Ramsey endeavoured to rally them, but to no pur- pose ; for he and several other officers were killed on the place ; our men pursued them beyond all the ditches to the top of the hill, and drove foot and horse all before them : they returned about twelve o’clock. The enemy lost on the place about 200, many of them shot in the face, forehead, and breast over their own line, as they were firing, a great num- ber also died of the wounds they then received. In this action we got four or five colours, several drums, fire arms, some ammunition, and good store of spades, shovels, and pick-axes. Of the enemy, these persons of note were killed, viz. Brigadier- General Ramsay, Captain Barnwell, Captain Fox, Captain Flemming, Lieutenant Kelly, Lieutenant Welsh, Ensign Barnwell, Ensign Kadel : and the persons following were taken prisoners ; Lord Net- terville, Sir Gerrard Aylmer, Lieutenant-Colonel Talbot, Lieutenant Newcomen. We lost but three or four private men, and some wounded, particularly Lieutenant Douglas, who afterwards died. May 7. — Governor Baker desires the enemy to send some private soldiers and an officer to bury their dead, which they did after a very careless man- ner. This w r eek, Governor Baker, with the advice of some officers, resolves on drawing a line cross the Windmill hill, from the bog to the water. They set men to work, and soon finished it, and afterwards OF LONDONDERRY. 227 secured it with redoubts, the better to defend our men from a cannon the enemy planted on the other side the water, directly opposite to the end of the the works our men had made there. He also orders every regiment to be by turns on guard night and day at this new line on the Windmill hill, but after- ward the guard was kept by detachments out of each, occasioned by a suspicion of an officer on that out- guard. About this time the two Captains (Closses) left us and took protection. May 10. — Lieutenant Mitchel went away also, and came again with Major General Kirk into the Lough. About the same time Mr. John Brisben, a curate, left the town, and took protection. A party of our men about 200, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Blair, were gone out, and were posted among the ditches, doing some execution on the enemy. A great party of the enemy w^ere coming dowm on them, w T hom our men in the hollow could not see, but those on the walls seeing them, Colonel Murray rides along Bog-street, and though a party of the enemy behind a ditch fired incessantly at him, he went on to the place to warn them of the danger, so that they came off safely. Captain Eickaby was shot in the arm. The besiegers soon after placed a camp at Bally- ougry, and another at Pennyburn Mill, and a third at the Orchard beyond the water. They kept the guards so strictly along the water on each side, that we were barred up from all intelligence. After the placing of these camps, they brought their guns to Bailyougry, and there successively dis- charged them all in the dusk of the evening. They also ordered their men in a long range in all their camps, and made them all fire round, with a design (as we supposed) to strike the greater terror into the hearts of the besieged. The enemy w r ere busied in hearing fagots, and making forts or trenches, and 228 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE. in some parts piling up these fagots. Our men sally out, came to their forts and piles of fagots, and burnt both them, and several little houses the enemy had for quarters, with many bridles, saddles, &c., and killed several, both officers and soldiers. The be- siegers had built a trench near Pennyburn Mill, on which they planted some of their guns. Our men resolved in the evening, that next morning early they would attack that fort, and either bring away their guns, or nail them up, and accordingly they went out, about 2000 or 3000 men, but effected not their design (which was afterwards thought might have been accomplished, if pursued.) Though the enemy discharged their guns at our men, none were hurt, one only was shot through the leg with a small bullet. About this time our men went out, viz. Captain Jo. Cunningham, Captain Noble, Captain Archibald Sanderson, and some others. These Captains with about 100 went too far out in the open fields, where they seized a fort the enemy had made on the heathy hill, and beat the foot out of it. In the mean time a party of the enemy’s horse came at full career be- twixt our men and the town, took Captain Cunning- ham prisoner, whom, after quarter given, they per- fidiously murdered. They gave us other instances afterwards how faithless they were to their word. Particularly, they desired one White might come over to some of his friends, engaging their word for his and the boat’s return; but they detained both him and the boat, to our loss who had no other, but to their greater reproach and dishonour. Captain Noble, and the rest came off being good footmen. W e lost fifteen or sixteen men at that time. May 21. — Being Tuesday, the Nonconformists kept a solemn fast, and had sermons in two places of the city besides the Cathedral, where there were considerable collections made for the poor, who be- gan to stand in greater need of them. Soon after the Conformists also kept another. OF LONDONDERRY. 229 June 4. — Being Tuesday, the enemy approach to our works at the Windmill with a great body of foot and horse; our men ordered themselves so, that in each redoubt there were four, and in some five reliefs, so that they were in a posture of firing continually. The Irish divided their horse in three parties, and their foot in two. The first party of horse was com- manded by Captain Butler, (the Lord Mountgarret’s son,) and consisted most of gentlemen, who it is said had sworn to top our line. They attack our lines at the Waterside, and the other parties of horse were to follow the first. The one party of the foot attacks the lines'! betwixt the Windmill and the water, and the other (being grenadiers) the lines at the Bogside betwixt the Windmill and the town. Captains James and John Gladstanes, Captain Andrew Adams, Cap- tain Francis Boyd, Captain Robert Wallace, Captain John Maghlin, and Captain William Beatty, with their men, had taken their ground next the water. The first party of horse charged furiously, having fagots of wood carried before them. They came on with a huzza, seconded with a huge shout from the Irish camp. They came by the end of the line (it being low water) notwithstanding our firing constantly on them. Our men, viz. Captain James Gladstanes, Captain John Gladstanes, with others next to them, left their redoubts, and took the strand with their muskets, pikes, and scythes, and fell on them with that vigour that soon spoiled the tune of their huz- zas, for few of that party escaped : many of them were driven into the river, and Captain Butler him- self taken prisoner by Captain John Gladstanes. The rest of the horse seeing the first party so warmly re- ceived, had no great stomach to come on. In the mean time the foot (who had also fagots of wood car- ried before them) attack the line betwixt the Wind- mill and the water. They were as warmly received as the horse. And whereas, they imagined our men would fire all together, finding that they fired succes- Q 230 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE sively, they soon wheeled about, and drew off ; only a few came furiously to the back of cur works, and were either killed or hauled over by the hair of their heads. In the mean time the other part} T of foot be- ing grenadiers, attack our forts by the Bogside, and came on fiercely, but were as vigorously repulsed by our men there. Colonel Monro did there acquit him- self very v^ell ; Captain Mich. Cunningham (one of the citizens that had been always very active and zealous for the defence of the town) was at the Bog- side with his company, kept our men to their posts, and opposed the grenadiers with great courage. He narrowly escaped with his life, a cannon bullet tear- ing up the ground about him, and he had a small bullet cut out of his back ; Lieutenant James Ker, Lieutenant Josias Abernethy, and Lieutenant Clerk, did good service, the last being wounded. Mr. Tho. Maxwell was killed about the same time on the Walls, This day Governor Baker showed both his conduct and courage in ordering and bringing out frequent reliefs, where the greatest danger appeared. Our women also did good service, carrying ammunition, match, bread, and drink to our men ; and assisted to very good purpose at the Bog-side, in beating off the grenadiers with stones, who came so near to our lines. The enemy lost a considerable number of men. Most of their officers were either killed or taken prisoners. When they retreated, they carried away on their backs many of the dead and mortally wounded with them, (as was supposed,) to shelter themselves the better from the storm of our shot. Those of note killed on the enemy's side, were Lieutenant Colonel Farrell, two French Captains, Captain Graham, Lieutenant Bourk, Quartermaster Kelly, Adjutant Fahey, Ensign Norris, Ensign Arthur. The prisoners were Captain Butler, son to the Lord Mountgarret, Captain Mac- Donel, Cornet MacDanaghy, Captain Watson, tv French Lieutenant, Lieutenant Eustace, Sergeant Peggot. We lost five or six private men, and one i OF LONDONDERRY. 231 Captain Maxwell had his arm broke by a cannon bul- let, whereof he died within three weeks after. He had that day behaved himself with great courage. And one Tlio. Gow had all the flesh shot off the calf of his leg by a cannon bullet; but the bone not being brok- en, he recovered. There were three of our Colonels out that day : Murray, Monro, and Hamil ; the last got a hurt on the cheek with a small bullet. The next day, one Mr. Edmund Stones, in time of a parley went to a little well beyond the Bog, having leave from the Irish first. But a French officer came and put his one hand to Mr. Stone's cartridge box, with the other, treacherously pulled out his sword to have killed him ; but he starting back, the sword only pierced his side, and the wound proved not mortal — so meanly base were some of our enemies. From the tenth of May, till near the end of the siege, we had many little parleys with the enemy ; sometimes to admit doctors to see the wounded pri- soners, the Lord Netterville and Talbot ; sometimes to admit provisions to them, which we granted them ; sometimes that we might have leave with safety to send messengers to the ships, or abroad for intelli- gence, but that we could not obtain. Captain Cole had been among the Irish army for near a month together at the beginning of the siege, and about the tench or twelfth of May, came into town again. Governor Baker being suspicious of his being an agent for the enemy, ordered him to be con- fined, till he was satisfied he had no ill design against the city, but had secretly made his escape from the eneni}’', who had detained him prisoner.! * * * June o. — The besiegers had thrown a great many small bombs before this, but they began about this time with great ones of 2731bs. weight, each of them being weighed after seventeen pounds of powder had been taken out of it. Some of these, botli great and small, did not break, having lost their fire. Those i Here some unproven charges are omitted. 232 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE which ihey threw in at night, did not much hurt to people that were able to go to the Walls; because they were easily seen and shunned ; but several that were sick were killed in their houses. We w r ere in greater hazard by those thrown in the day, it being more difficult to see them. The dread of them forced our people to lie about the Walls all night, and to go to the places remotest from houses, some out of Fer- ryquay Gate, some to the Ravelin, and others to the Windmill-hill. And the cold which the men, and still more the women and children contracted thereby, added to their w^ant of rest and food, occasioned diseases in the garrison, as fevers, flux, &c. of which great num- bers died. The bombs, by throwing down some houses, furnished us with fuel, which we then stood in great need of. One of these bombs fell into the house of Captain James Boyd, and broke down the side of it, killing himself ; but several officers who were then at dinner, escaped the danger, though it fell near the room where they dined. Another bomb killed Mr. Alexander Lindsay, the Chirurgeon, who was very useful to the sick and wounded soldiers. And one Major Breme was killed with a cannon ball. Another bomb killed Mr. Henry Thompson, a Bur- gess of this city, who showed great zeal for the de- fence of it. Another killed fourteen men, and fired one or two barrels of powder in a back house; another killed seven ; another killed three of our men. June 7. — There came three ships up toCulmore,and fired at the castle several days, and one of them run- ning aground, or being left by the tide, was much endangered by the enemy’s cannon. The enemy call- ed to us from their lines, to send down carpenters to mend her; but we soon had the satisfaction of seeing her get off again. About this time Governor Baker was a little indis- posed, and kept his chamber. June 13. — Major-General Kirk appears with a fleet in the Lough below Culmore, which gave us at the OF LONDONDERRY. 233 present the joyful prospect, not only of the siege being soon raised, but of being furnished with provisions, which then grew very scarce, as appears by the allow- ance our men then had from the stoics. They were already reduced to such straits, that where they could find a horse grazing near the Windmill, they would kill and eat him. But when we saw them lie in the Lough, without eaiy attempt to come up, it cast a cold damp on our too confident hopes, and sunk us as low as we were raised at the first sight of them. Upon the appearing of the ships, the enemy seem- ed to be in a mighty consternation. We observed a great motion in their camp of pulling down tents, (as we heard,) in order to decamping ; and many of their common soldiers (as the country people informed us) changed their red coats, and ran away. But the ter- ror was soon over, when they saw them make no great attempt to come up, though they had both wind and tide to assist them. And the enemy quickly be- gan to draw down their cannon, and soon after to raise batteries at Cliarlesfort, where they planted •some of their guns to oppose the ships coming up to our relief. And some time after they began to make a boom cross the river from that fort to Brook Kail, directly opposite to it. This first boom was made of oak beams, chained together with iron, and great ca- bles twisted about them. For a week together we saw them making some preparations for this boom cross the river, as drawing of timber, &c. We afterwards saw several boats on the water busied about it, but (as the country people since informed us) it was not entirely finished till about a fortnight after the ships appeared in the Lough. But this boom when finished, was useless to their design, because it did not floaty and it was broke by the great tides. After, this they made another of fir beams, chained as the other was. This floated, and served their purpose better. But this latter boom, or what was left of it, the Mountjoy of Derrv broke. Q 2 234 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE. June 1G. — Colonel Walker had proposed to agree with the enemy to take £500 ransom for Lieutenant Colonel Talbot. A sort of council was held in Gov- ernor Baker's chamber, wherein this was carried ; but Governor Baker perceiving it to be ill resented in the garrison, declined it; but Colonel Walker urged it with some violence and threats against those that opposed it ; and ordered the bier that should carry him away to be this day brought to his lodging ; at which the multitude were so enraged, that Mr. Walker should take so much on him, that they took the bier and made a fire of it in the main guard. They searched for Mr. Walker, who had fled for sanctuary, to Baker’s chamber in the Bishop’s house. Not find- ing him immediately, they took all the prisoners that were able to walk from their several lodgings, and carried them to gaol. They had searched Mr. Walk- er’s own lodging, whence they took the beer, mum, and butter, which they found to the store. And being informed that Mr. Walker was in the Bishop’s house they pursued him, some threatning to shoot him, others to send him to the gaol. Governor Baker, to whom they paid great deference, came out, though indisposed, to pacify them, engaged there should be no ransom taken for the prisoners, entreat- ed them for his sake to pass by what Mr. Walker had done, and suffer the prisoners to go to their own lodgings again ; all which they, with some difficulty, consented to, at Governor Baker’s entreaty. What construction the multitude put on this practice of Mr. Walker’s, I think not fit to mention. We afterwards offered to release Lieutenant Colonel Talbot, on condition they would permit a messenger to go and return from the ships ; but this would not be granted, and soon after Talbot died, and put an end to this dispute. About this time the fever, flux, and other distemp- ers grew rife, and a great mortality spread itself through the garrison, as well as the inhabitants, in- OF LONDONDERRY. 23o somuch as it was observed, that fifteen captains or lieutenants died in one day : and the garrison being in great strait for want of provisions, some of the cit- izens and others concerned for the public good, met, called the Captain of the gunners, Alexander Watson, and ordered the gunners (who for the most part lived in town) to make diligent search for provisions, which they did to good purpose ; for digging up cel- lars and other places, they got much provision under the ground, which some that went away, and others during the siege had hid. And many that saw how sincerely concerned they were for the safety of the place, brought forth their provisions of their own ac- cord. By this means the garrison was furnished with bread (though the allowance was little) until the end of the siege. Our iron bullet was much spent, but this defect was supplied with lead bullets made with pieces of brick in the middle of them. William Brown, Adju- tant to Governor Baker’s regiment, was industrious and dexterous in this piece of service. There were oats, shelling, and malt in town, which could not be used for want of mills; therefore Cap- tain Gregory and some other workmen took care to have a horse mill built, as also to have carriages made for the guns, some of which were so out of order, that sometimes we could not use them when we wanted them. About this time, since the enemy had so barred us up from getting any messenger sent to the ships for intelligence, the besieged built a boat, none being here, to go down by water. Lieutenant Crookshanks took care of this, and some of our men in the night attempted to go down in it, but they were beat back by the enemy’s shot from each side of the water. June L7, or thereabouts. — Governor Baker’s dis- temper increases, and he becomes dangerously ill ; and Colonel Mitchelburne was deputed by Baker, Governor during his sickness. 236 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE June 18. — Colonel Murray, Captain Noble, Cap- tain Dunbar, Captain Homes, two Lieutenants, and. about twenty more went up the water in the night in our new boat ; it was given out to rob the fish houses in the isle, but the real design was to land a messen- ger or two in a wood about four miles up the river, to send to Enniskillen. But the enemy soon took the alarm, and as the boat passed by Evans’ Wood, they fired a great gun planted there at her, which narrowly missed her. As our men went further up, the enemy fired at them on both sides the shore; but when they came up to Dunnelong Wood, where they designed to land their two messengers, the boys were so terrified that they durst not venture ashore ; and it being now early in the morning, our men discover- ed two large boats behind them, which the enemy had set out and manned with dragoons to cut off their return. Our men made towards them, and soon came to a very sharp engagement ; for after tlieir shot be- ing spent on both sides, one of the enemy’s boats came up close to theirs, thinking to have boarded them; but as it happily fell out, they caught a Tar- tar ; for our men were as quickly in upon them, beat back some of them into the water, and killed three or four others, besides a lieutenant in the enemy’s boat, whereupon the rest threw down their arms and called for quarter. We took thirteen prisoners in this boat. The enemy in the other boat seeing this ill success of their friends, made off* with what haste they could. We carried our prisoners and some small prize towards the city, the enemy still firing at us from the shore ; yet in all this adventure not one of our men was hurt, except Colonel Murray who re- ceived some shots in his head-piece that bruised his head, and for a while indisposed him for service, but one of the prisoners that sat among them was vround- ed by a shot from the shore. So remarkable was the guard of Divine Providence about us. nr men be- ing encouraged by this success, landed their prisoners OF LONDONDERRY. 237 near the city, delivered them to the guards, and re- turned to attack a party of the enemy who were at that time drawing off one of their guns ; hut the ene- my perceiving the resolute approach of our men, left her and fled. Our men pursued them to the top of the hill, till they perceived another strong party marching under covert of the hill, to get betwixt them and their boats, upon which they retreated, and had scarce time to recover her before the enemy 'came up. June 20. — About this time, Conrad de Rosen, Mareschal General of King James’s forces, arrived at the enen^’s camps, and soon after raised several bat- teries in the night, and a line on the other side of the Bog opposite to the Windmill, and brought their camp and trenches near to us, and ran a line through the Orchard, opposite to Butchers-Gate, within some few perches of it, and ordered the mor- tar pieces to be taken from the Orchard on the other side the water, and placed on the side of the hill above the Bog, on the west side of the town, and planted their battering guns (which threw a ball of twenty or twenty-one pounds weight) at a convenient distance before the Butchers-Gate. They plied us hard both with their bombs and battering guns. The bombs they threw some in the night, and some in the day, at uncertain hours, till the 21st of July, after which time they threw no more. Of the number of the bombs, and the time of their throwing, you will find an account annexed. Aud here began the close siege. We used all endeavours to get intelligence from the ships, but could have none. We made many signs from the steeple, both by cannon shot, and drawing in our flag, to represent our distressed con- dition to them. June 25 — One Roch, a messenger, came to town from Major-General Kirk. When he came to the Waterside, having no expectation of a boat, he swam over, and gave us an account of the ships, men, pro- visions, and arms, that were there for our relief, add- 238 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE ing, that it was desired, if he got safe to the tovn, to give them in the ships notice of it by four guns from the steeple, which was accordingly done. There came another messenger along with him, one Cromy; but because he could not swim, he lay hid a day or two in the bushes, expecting a boat to be sent for him in the night, as the other had promised ; but the enemy’s guards found him, and being in hazard of his life, they made him promise to give the besieged a discourag- ing account, and then hung out a flag for a parley, which was granted, and some were sent over the wa- ter to discourse him. He (being sworn to do so,) re- peated to them the words that had been put into liis mouth; but when Lieutenant- Colonel Blair enquired why he gave a different account from what Bocli had <1 one, lie replied, He was in the enen^’s camp, Loch within the Walls of Derry. Boch tried to go to Major- General Kirk again, but was forced to come back be- cause of the enemy’s guards on the waterside. This extremely troubled us, that no messenger could get down to give the Major-General an account of our distressed condition. There came one Mac- Gimpsy to Colonel Murray, and voluntarily offered to swim down the water with intelligence. Colonel Murray acquaints the Deputy- Governor Mitchelburne with it ; but he delaying, he resolved to send him down, promised a reward, and wrote by him a letter signed by himself, his Lieutenant- Colonel Cairns, and Captain Gladstones, representing the great extrem- ity they were reduced to, and with ail imaginable ear- nestness importuning speedy relief. This letter was close tied in a little bladder, in which were put two musket bullets, that if the enemy should take him, he might break the little string wherewith it was tied about his neck, and so let it sink in the water. AYhether this messenger was taken alive by the enemy, or was killed by running himself against the boom, as some reported, is uncertain ; but within a day or two they hung up a man on a OF LONDONDERRY. 23 & gallows in the view of the city on the other side the water, and called over to us to acquaint us it was our messenger. The enemy work every night to bring their trench- es near the Walls for mining. Our men were diligent to countermine them, being incited to it every night by Governor Mitchelburne. These works were carried on by the care of Captain Scliambroon, and the inde- fatigable pains and charges of Captain Michael Cun- ingham and Mr. William Mackee, who both paid some of the soldiers for working out of their own pockets, and gave many of those that wrought meat at their own houses ; hereby the enemy were kept from getting to the near side of the Bog, without which, they could draw no mines. There was besides a blind raised by the persons forementioned before the Butchers Gate, to defend it from the enemy’s bat- tering guns, which had already done some hurt to it. A collection, by way of free-offering, was made among the inhabitants to carry on this w T ork. June 28. — The Lord Clancarty with his regiment comes to the besieger’s camp, and that night attacked our out-works at the Butchers Gate, and few of our men being out at that time, the}' soon possessed them- selves of them. In the mean time, they were throw- ing their bombs, one of them coming short of the Walls, fell among their own men, wdiich discovered them on their march towards the said works ; upon this, the few men that were out retired within the gate. The enemy was led on by their Lieutenant Colonel Skelton, who had some detachments with him besides Clancarty ‘s regiment ; one on horseback comes close to the gate, and called for fire to burn it. Captains Noble and Dunbar sally out with our men, some at Bishops Gate, and some at Butchers Gate, to the number of sixty or eighty at first, more soon followed. The salliers attack them so briskly, being well assisted from the Walls by great and small shot, that they were forced to quit our works, and run to 240 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE their own lines, to their great dishonour as well as loss. The number of those killed on the place was about thirty; how many were wounded, and afterwards died, we could not tell. Some officers were killed, viz. A French Lieutenant-Colonel, Captain O’Brian, a French Captain, an English Captain, an English Lieutenant, Captain Mackartie, Corporal MacGuire, and a private soldier, were taken prisoners. At this time Governor Baker died, justly lamented by the garrison, in whose affections his prudent and resolute conduct had given him a great interest. After Governor Baker’s death, there were several meetings appointed for the election of a Governor, but continual action prevented them ; however, Col- onel Mitchelburne, who had been Deputy Governor during Baker’s sickness, continued to act as Govern- or, though without any confirmation from the Council. June 30. — Conrad de Bosen, Marshal General of King James’s forces, (who was said to swear by the belly of God, that he would demolish our town, and bury us in its ashes,) sent in this following letter to the Governor and Officers : Conrad de Rosen , Marshal General of all his Majesty's forces , Declares by these presents, to the Commanders, Officers, Soldiers, and Inhabitants of the City of Londonderry, that in case they do not betwixt this and Monday next, at six of the clock in the afternoon, being 1 the first day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1089, agree to surrender the said place of Londonderry unto the King, upon such conditions as may be granted them, according to the instructions and power Lieutenant-General Hamilton formerly received from his Majesty, that he will forthwith issue out his orders from the Barony of Inishowen, and the seacoast round about as far as Charlemont, for the gathering together of those of their faction, whether protected or not, and cause them immediately to be brought to the Walls of Londonderry, where it shall be lawful for those in the same, (in case they have any pity on them,) to open the gales and receive them into the city, otherwise they will be forced to see their friends and nearest relations, all starved for want of food, he having resolved not to leave any of them at home, nor anything to maintain them. He further declares, that in case they refuse to submit, he will forthwith cause all the said country to be immediately destroyed, that if any succour should be hereafter sent them from England, they may perish with them for want of sustenance; besides which, he hath a very considerable army, as w r ell for the opposing of them in all places OF LONDONDERRY. 241 that shall he judged necessary, as for the protection of all the rest of his Majesty’s dutiful subjects, whose goods and chattels he promises to secure,, destroying all the rest that cannot conveniently be brought into such places as he shall judge fit to be preserved, and burning the houses and mills not only of those that are in actual rebellion, but also of their friends and adherents, that no hopes of escaping may be be left for any man, beginning this very day to send his necessary orders to all Governors, and other Coihmanders of his Majesty’s forces at Coleraine, Antrim, CarrickferguS, Belfast, Dungannon, Charlemount, Belturbet, Sligo, and to Colonel Sarsfield, command- ing a flying army beyond Ballyshannon ; Colonel Sutherland com- manding another towards Enniskillen; and the Duke of "Berwick another on the Finn "Water; and to cause all the men, women, and children, who are anywise related to those in Londonderry, or any- where else, in open rebellion, to be forthwith brought to this place, without hopes of withdrawing further into the Kingdom. Moreover he declares, that in case before the said Monday, the first' day of July, in the year of our Lord 1089, be expired, they do not send us hostages, and other deputies with a full and sufficient power to treat with us for the surrender of the said City of Londonderry, on reasonable con- ditions; they shall not after that time be admitted to any treaty what- soever, and the army which shall continue the siege, and will, with the assistance of God, soon reduce it, shall have order to give no quarters, or spare neither age. or sex in case it is taken by force. But if they return to the obedience due to their natural Prince, he promises them, that the conditions granted to them in his Majesty’s name, shall be inviolaby observed by all his. Majesty’s subjects, and that he himself will have a care to protect them on all occasions, even to take their part, if any injury contrary to agreement should be done them, making himself responsible for the performance of the condi- tions on which they shall agree to surrender the said place of Lon- donderry, to the King. Given under my hand this 30th day of June, in the year of our Lord 1689. LE , MARSHAL HE ROSEN. PAR MONSEIONEUR-, EE-TART. Lieutenant-General Hamilton had also a little be- fore this letter, sent into town the following propo- sals : — LIEUTENANT- GrENER \L HAMILTON’S PROPOSALS. 1. That Colonel O’Neal has power to discourse with the Governor ol Derry, from General Hamilton, as appears by his sending this. 2. That the General has full power, does appear by his commis- sion. 3. That General Bosen has no power from the King to intermeddle with w T hat Lieutenant-General does as to the siege, being only sent to oppose the English succours, and that all conditions and parlies are left to the said Lieutenant-General Hamilton, that as to what articles shall be agreed on, they may see by the King’s Warrant, he has full power to confirm them. Notwithstanding, if they do not R 242 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE. think this sufficient, he will give what other reasonable security they can demand. As to the English landing, such as had commissions from the Prince of Orange, need not be apprehensive, since it will he the King’s interest to take as much care of his Protestant subjects as of any other, he making no distinction of religion. 4. As to what concerns the Enniskillen people, they shall have the same terms as those of Derry on their submission, the King being willing to shew mercy to all his subjects, and quiet his Kingdoms. 5 That the Lieutenant-General desires no better than having it communicated to all the garrison, he being willing to employ such as will freely swear to serve his Majesty faithfully, and all such as have a desire to live in town shall have protection, and free liberty of goods and religion. As to the last point, such as have a mind to return to their homes, shall have a necessary guard with them to their respective habita- tions, and victuals to supply them, where they shall be restored to all they possessed formerly, not only by the Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace, but also by governors and officers of the army, who from time to time will do them right, and give them reprisals of cattle from such as have taken them to the mountains. LICIT. HAMILTON. At the Camp at Derry, June 27, 1680. Lest these proposals should be kept up from the. garrison, they weakly imagining the soldiers more inclinable to comply, than the Governor or officers, they threw them into us in a dead bomb, the better to disperse them. These proposals not being accepted, the French General issues out his orders, as he had threatened in his letter, and drove in all the Protestants for near ten miles round, protected as well as unprotected, men, women, and children, the second of July. Many tender people, and some women with child, died by the rude and barbarous usage they met with on the road, being most stripped, and guarded in dirty pounds* and rotten houses, &c. When they first ap- peared, we took them for a body of the enemy, and the guns were discharged at them, but the shot being directed by an Unerring Hand, touched none of our friends, but as we afterwards heard, killed some of those merciless soldiers that were pushing them on. But it was dismal to us to hear their cries, when we * Enclosures for keeping strayed and distrained cattle, pigs, Ac.' Filthy and wet, being without any roof. OF LONDONDERRY. 243 perceived who they were, and saw the enemy driving them with their drawn swords down to the walls. Our men resolved to put them without our lines ftt the Windmill, and in the night many of them were brought within our lines ; it moved our compassion the more, when these poor people so earnestly en- treated us, not to surrender out of pity to them, add- ing, that they knew that they would save neither us nor them alive after it. This put the Governor and officers on making the following experiment : they immediately ordered a gallows to be erected on the bastion next the camp, on which they threaten to hang all the prisoners, now put into gaol, if these people have not leave to go to their several habita- tions. Lieutenant- Colonel Campbell and Captain Jenny, a Clergyman, two gentlemen that were very faithful and active in the garrison are sent to remind them of preparing for death, upon which they wrote a letter, and have leave to send a messenger to carry it, and bring back an answer. [For this Letter and Answer see Walkers Siege, pages 128 and 129.] But notwithstanding this answer, we supposed the regard they had to their imprisoned friends prevailed with them; for the poor people had liberty to return to their dwellings on the third of July, and many of our weak people and women got away among them, though they sent many back, knowing them by their colour : we got some able men among them, who were driven in, and who stayed with us to the end of the siege. The enemy soon saw their error in this treatment of the poor people ; the garrison had here a convincing instance before their eyes, how little trust there was to be reposed in their promises ; for many of these people had protection under the King’s or Lieutenant-General’s own hands ; and this could not fail of making them obstinate against all propo- sals of surrendering, while it was possible to hold out. The people being sent away, the gallows was taken 244 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE down, and the prisoners sent to their several lodg- ings. About this time Mr. Andrew Robinson left us, but the enemy stript and sent him back, because of some imprudent expressions. Captain Beatty also went awa} r , and took protec- tion, and lived at Moneymore. But the reason of it was, because he had a violent flux, which rendered him useless to the garrison, and he went to try if he could recover his health ; for he had been at all the encounters and skirmishes with the enemy before, and ever behaved himself with great integrity arid valour. About the sixth or seventh of July, we observed few men about their camps: Governor Mitchelburne, by advice, draws out the body of our men beyond our lines at the Windmill,, that we might know what body of men would appear to oppose them: some of our men go down to the old ditches, and fire at theirs in their lines. The enemy fired at them, Colonel Barker with about a dozen horse came to the strand, and stood at a distance ; few of their foot, not above two companies appear marching down to the rest that were in the lines ; but it growing dark, our men by mis- taking the word of command* came within our own lines again in. some confusion : Colonel Barker re- ceived a shot ill his hand, which put him into a high fever, whereof he was reported to have died. About this time, we heard a loud huzza in all the camps of the enemy round the city,' which when we enquired the reason of, they told us it was for joy of Enniskillen, being taken. July 11. — The enemy calls for a parley; and sends one to know if we would treat with them for surren- dering the city. We considered most of the ships were gone, we knew not whither ; provisions grew ex- tremely scarce, and therefore to 'gain time, it was thought advisable to agree, to it: they desired that if we agree to treat, there may be six commissioners chosen on each side, that we send the names' of the OF LONDONDERRY. 24-5 six we would choose, and the terms we would demand with some person the next day being the twelfth, and they would send the names of their six the same day, that they might have time to consider our terms, and Saturday the thirteenth, was appointed the day of treaty : all which was agreed to. The names of the commissioners, and the terms, you will find in the commission, and articles annexed in the end. These articles were sent to the enemy, with the names of the commissioners for the city, on the twelfth of July, and on the thirteenth, the six com- missioners went out, being empowered to treat with the enemy. About their commission, there was great debate : some of the council of fourteen, would have had the commission run in their name, because they had the power: Mitchelburne and Walker laid some claim to it, though Mr. Walker had only his first post, and Mitchelburne was only deputed Governor by Baker during bis sickness, but never confirmed Governor by a council. The colonels and other officers would have had it run in theirs, because the interest was chiefly theirs. But at last the name of governors in general, without &ny particular application of it, w r as, though not without great opposition, thought fit to be used, for this reason, that the enemy might not look upon us as a confused multitude without any government. July 13. — Our commissioners went out to the ene- my’s camp, and had a long debate till night with the commissioners on their side. The enemy consented to all things material demanded in the aforesaid arti- cles, except three, viz. — 1. The time for surrendering; they would grant no longer time than till Monday, the 15th, at twelve o'clock: 2. The securing of hostages,, they would allow they should be kept in Derry ; but not put into the ships that Major-General Kirk brought : 3. The manner of marching out; they would u 2 246 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE allow no arms to our soldiers, but only to the officers and gentlemen in town. Our commissioners returned, and with great difficulty obtained time till next day at twelve o’clock, to return an answer. That night, after the return of the commissioners, there was a council, where the commissioners gave an account of their negotiation that day, and a council was appointed at eight o’clock the next morning, to consider what answer they should return. While our commissioners were out on the treat} r , Colonel Walker received a letter from Lieutenant David Mitchell out of the ships by a little boy, and transcribed it, with some additions of his own : for whereas the letter mentioned Major-General Kirk’s having sent some to encamp at Inch, he wrote it 4,000 horse, and 9,000 foot. This humour was the more unaccountable, because upon the return of the commissioners, he earnestly urged a compliance with the enemy’s demands, for surrendering the town the next day ; and, therefore, when the contents of his let- ter from Lieutenant Mitchell were objected to him as a strong argument against surrendering, especially the numbers that were landed, he confessed that part of the letter to have been framed by himself; which indiscretion, joined with his ill advice, had like to have proved of as dangerous consequence to himself, as the advice had been to the garrison, if they had complied with it. July 14. — The council met, and had some debate about the answer to be returned ; and the following answer was resolved upon, not without renewed op- position from Colonel Walker: — That unless the ene- my would give us time till the 25th of July, and se- cure the hostages in the ships, we would not surren- der ; and for the manner of marching out, that was left to the commissioners to debate. The commis- sioners went out, and delivered this answer ; but the enemy refusing absolutely to grant these terms, the treaty was ended. So evidently did that gracious OF LONDONDERRY. 247 God, who had determined our deliverance, and to whose Allcomprehending Eye that particular season of it that would most illustrate His own glory was obvious, infatuate the councils, and harden the hearts of our enemies. Had they accepted the proposals, the city had been unavoidably surrendered, and we could not have held out three or four days longer than the time we desired. July 16. — About ten o’clock, a small party of the enemy suddenly attacked our works without Butchers Gate none of our men being out and soon possessed thfSnselves of them ; but from the walls they were warmly repulsed, and beat off again. Our men beat them with stones out of the old walls. Some few were killed, and one taken prisoner in this action. Two regiments of the enemy marched down from their camp in order, towards the works on the Wind- mill-hill. Our men go out cheerfully tc the works in considerable numbers, encouraged thereto by Govern- or Mitcheiburne. The enemy, when they came to the middle of the hill, stopped, and wheeled about, and marched back again up the other side of the Park. Our men raised an huzza from cue end of the line to the other, waving their hate to them to come down, but they marched off. This day Colonel Murray, and about twelve more with him, went down to flank the enemy’s trench before Butchers Gate, and continued filing till their ammunition was spent : one of his men was killed, viz. James Murray, and himself shot through both the thighs up near his body, which proved so danger- ous to him, that he did not fully recover of it till near November. A few days after he was wounded, there fell out a sad accident in his chamber ; Lieutenant Boss came there, to search as he pretendod for some of Sir Arthur Rawden’s saddles, &c. His unexpected rudeness, occasioned some heat betwixt him, and one of Colonel Murray’s regiment, and the Lieutenant 248 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE striking several times at him with his sword, the other took up a carabine and shot him dead. The enemy had played very smartly at the town and gate with their battering guns, and about this time, they took them away in the night down to Brook- Hall, where the boom was, and planted them there.. There was.no action of note from this time to the 25th of July; the enemy had several cow r s feeding behind their lines very near us; our men resolve they will try to get so welcome a prey into their own hands, and accordingly July 25 th, early in the morning, they go out at Ship quay, Bishop's, and Butchers ga£es, surprized Sir John Fitzgerald’s regiment wdio were in those lines, made havock of them, beat them from their trenches, killed Lieutenant Colonel Fitzgerald; and Captain Frank Wilson took Captain Nugent prisoner. A party of. the enemy from the nearest camp came quickly down, which forced our men, being then enfeebled with the scarcity of provision to retire without their desired prey. There was a considerable number of the enemy killed ; we lost one Lieutenant Fisher, who was killed by a shot from the enemies drake, as he was going out. We afterwards tried another: experiment of tying a cow to a stake and setting fire to her, in hope of drawing in some of theirs; but she breaking loose, that project failed. About the 20th of this month, provisions growing extremely scarce; one Mr. James Cunningham, Mer- chant, found out a way of supplying the garrison for six or seven days : he showed them where there .was a good quantity of starch in the town, which they mixed with tallow, and made pancakes of, which prov- ed not only good for food, but physick too, to many of those whom weariness and ill diet had cast into a flux. July 28. — This morning Captain Charleton left us, and went to the enemy. Mr. Walker about this time had preached a discouraging sermon : and indeed the desperate necessities that were growing upon us,. OF LONDONDERRY. 249 had almost sunk us all into a despair of relief. But the hour of our extremity was the fit season for Divine Providence to interpose, and render itself the more observable in our deliverance : for this evening about seven o’clock we perceived three ships, viz. the Mountjoy of Derry, the Phenix of Coleraine, and the Dartmouth frigate, coming up the Lough of Culmore, betwixt whom, and those in the fort there was desperate firing : but when we perceived they had passed the Fort, our expectations of speedy succour raised us to a strange transport. of joy. The enemy plied them with cannon and small shot from both sides the river, and the ships made them good returns : but when the foremost vessel came (as it is supposed) to the boom, she made some stop, the little wind they had while they passed the Fort entirely failing, and a dead calm succeeding. The smoke of ihe shot both from the land and from the ships, clouded her from our sight, and she was (as we afterwards learned) un- happily run aground. And when the enemy who gathered in swarms to the waterside, raised a loud huzza along the shore, telling us our ships were taken and we perceived them both firing their guns at them, and preparing their boats to board them, this struck such a sudden terror into our hearts, as appeared in the very blackness of our countenances. Our spirits sunk, and our hopes were expiring. But this did not continue long, for the Mountjoy by firing a broad- side, with the help of the increasing tide, got off from the shore; and we soon perceived the ships firing at them and advancing towards us, though but slowly, which made the enemy draw their guns from place to place after them. But at last they came up to the quay, to the inexpressible joy of our garrison, that was at this time reduced to that distress, that it was scarce possible for them to subsist above two or three days longer. The ffrst that broke or passed the boom 'was the Mountjoy of Derry, commanded by Captain Micaiah Browning, who was to our great regret 250 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE killed by the enemy’s shot. A gentleman whose memory should never be forgotten by the garrison and inhabitants of Derry, who generously sacrificed his own life for the preservation of theirs, and had freely offered to make this attempt sooner, if the Major General had permitted him : but the Phoenix of Coleraine came first to the quay, Captain Andrew Douglas Master, laden with 800 bowls of meal from Scotland. The ships came in late ; and that we might the better secure the people employed in bringing in the provisions to the stores, there was a blind made along the quay of casks and hogsheads filled with earth. The enemy continued to fire at us from their trenches, as before, till the 31st of July. That day we perceived them firing several parts of the country about. In the night they burned all the tents and huts cf their camp round the city, and before the daylight, had gone off towards Lifford and Stra- bane, keeping a strong rereguard of horse. We had no horse left to pursue them, and our foot were iix no condition to make such an attempt. They encamped at Lifford and Strabane, till they heard the unwelcome news of their forces under the command of Major-General MacCarty, being routed by the Enniskillen men. This so alarmed them, that for haste they burst some of their big guns, threw waggons of arms into the river, and left many of their army that were sick behind them. Some few of our men went out, and brought in some grenadiers prisoners, that were firing houses at six or or seven miles distance from the city. Others of them went to Inch, where Colonel Stewart having received orders to ship all his men and come off, had called a coun- cil of his officers, and by their advice delayed the ex- ecution of them, till he had seat to acquaint the Major-General with the condition of the Protestants there, and should receive his further orders, as being loth to expose so considerable a body of them as had come in to him to the merciless fury of an enrag- ed enemy. OF LONDONDERRY. 251 And thus was the Siege of Derry raised, to the ad- miration of our friends, who had given us over for lost, and to the disappointment of our enemies, who were no less confident they should soon make them- selves masters of so weak and indefensible a place. The glory of it being entirely due to the Almighty, who inspired a garrison for the most part made up of a few raw and untrained men, and those labouring under ell possible discouragements, with that reso- lution that enabled them to defeat all the attempts of a numerous army to reduce them. Their zeal and affection for the just cause they had undertaken, supplying all the defects of military discipline. So singular has been the favour of God to that city, as well as Enniskillen, in making it once more a sanctu- ary to the distressed Protestants of the province of .Ulster. August 4. — Captain White, Captain Dobbin, Cap- tain J. Hamilton, Captain Jenn} T , and Mr. Knox were sent to the Major-General, who that day came to town. Colonel Crofton had waited on him at Inch, and desired leave to draw out two or three hundred men, to go out into the country at large, to preserve the houses of the Protestants from being burned, promising also to bring in a vast quantity of cattle : but his proposal was rejected. And near a week after that some small parties of the Irish that stayed behind, burned Newtownlimavady, and several gentle- men’s houses in the country. The Major-General put out several proclamations : one, “That all persons not in arms, who had tied to that place, should leave the city, the country being now clear, and repair to their respective habitations, without taking any of their goods with them, unless they had a particular order.” Hereby the bedding of many was detained from them. Another w^as, “ That no person dying should be buried within the walls.” Great droves of the country people’s cattle were brought near the town, upon pretence of their belonging to the enemy, and so 252 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE few could recover their own again, that many families were deprived thereby of the only considerable means of their subsistence. Colonel Mitcheburne was made Governor by the Major-General, in whose hands the cattle were left, who sold them according to the Major General’s' orders for good . rates to the butchers and others. An address was prepared to be presented to the King; and Colonel Walker was appointed by the Major-General to go with it. Many of those that signed it neither knew of the bearer, nor were well pleased with the great compliment passed on the Major-General in it, but were not willing at that time to make any disturbance by any public opposition to it. The men were ail drawn out to the field, and every Colonel’s regiment by itself. The soldiers went out the more cheerfully, because it was reported the Major-General would that day distribute £2000 amongst them. But they soon found themselves mistaken, not only in that, but in their hopes of con- tinuing in their present posts.' Colonel Mitchelburne’s and Colonel Crofton’s Regiments were joined, and Crofton reduced. Colonel Walker’s and Colonel Hamil’s were joined, Walker demitted, and Harnii reduced, Captain White being made Colonel to it, who died September following. Colonel Munro’s and Colonel Lance’s regiment joined, Colonel Monro reduced, Lance made Colonel, who died September following. Colonel Baker's and Colonel Murray’s regiment were designed to be joined, but all of Colonel Murray’s except a very few refused, and went off into the country with their carabines and pistols, and the Major-General seized their saddles, as he also did Colonel Murray’s horse, which he had preserved with great care during all the siege. St. Johns was made Colonel of Baker’s regiment. This being done, the Major-General named new captains to most of the companies, leaving them to choose their Li .• OF LONDONDERRY. 253 tenants and Ensigns. So that a great many of those captains who had not only raised and armed their companies almost wholly at their own charge, but had done the greatest service in the defence of the town, were either disbanded or reduced ; and their companies were given to others, that had neither ex- pended anything of their fortunes, nor hazarded their lives in that cause. This was ill resented in the garrison, but when one of these captains took the liberty to complain of it, instead of any redress, he was, (as himself informed several of us,) threatened with the new gallows, which was ordered to be set up without the ravelin. There were orders also given to the Gentries at the gates, that none should be suf- lered to go out with any arms, and some that were walking out at the gates had their arms seized by the guards placed there. This unexpected treatment seemed very harsh and strange to them, that they could not be trusted to bear those arms about them •which they had so lately employed in the vigorous defence of their country. The weak and sick soldiers had nothing allowed them to subsist on out of the stores, whereby they were forced to travel, and beg their bread in the country, which being extremely depopulated, many of them perished for want. The lieutenants and ensigns fared no better than the cap- tains, many of them being turned out, and others, who had at least never been in the siege, put in their places. Nay, some that continued captains, had de-. tachments of fifteen men taken out of their companies, and put into the regiments of such as could not raise men, and then the captains were threatened to be turned out if they taade not up their companies. Nay, some of them were turned off, after they had been made use of to do that piece of service for such as were intended to succeed them. And even the new modelled regiments, of Derry, that were received into the General’s 254 MACKENZIE'S SIEGE army, had only the following subsistence : — Colonel, Lieutenant- Colonel, Major, Captain, Lieutenant, Ensign, Sergeants, corporals, drummers, and private men, two pence per diem each, besides bread, and without bread, three pence. The Enniskillen foot had the same allowance. And their horse had only nine pence a day for every private trooper, and six pence a day for each of the dragoons. But however they have been used by the Major- General’s influence, they have always had a deep and grateful sense of his Majesty’s extraordinary care and concern for their preservation. And the honourable character which he was graciously pleased to give of them and their services in his letter to them, was itself thought a valuable reward, and receiv- ed with the highest affections that subjects can pay to a Prince who has an entire sovereignty in their hearts, and from whose generous good- ness they still expect all the favour and encou- ragement, that may put them into a capacity of giving more evident proofs to the world of their zeal for the Protestant Keligion, and affection to his Majesty’s government. THE LETTER TO BIY LORD MOUN'tjOY, FROM THE INHABITANTS OF DERRY. Right Honourable, The last post carried up to his Excellency the news of what om rabble had done in the town, how they had shut the gates against some of the Earl of Antrim’s regiment, which we then blamed them for, though we could not refrain them, but yesterday and this day, being on all hands informed that a general massacre was determined, 5s. Od. ^ 3 0 2 6 2 0 1 0 0 8 per Diem. J OF LONDONDERRY. 255 at least in Ulster, to be executed on the British Protestants: and having certain intelligence that the priests and friars of late bought up great numbers and quantities of horses and arms, and other ha- biliments of war, as chain bridles ; whereof Dean Oahan for his part bought up twelve : recollecting further, many dark speeches in or- dinary conversation of late, and very odd sermons by the priests and friars preached in this neighourhood : and hearing that the very sol- diers that were to quarter there, had been overheard to utter terrible threats against us, as to burn houses, &c. and several outrages being committed by some of them on several persons, particulariy one of them, without any provocation, cut one of the ferrymen almost to the loss of his hand ; some of them broke open houses, and took pro- visions thence by force, &c. and when we were certainly informed, that under pretence of eight companies, consisting of 400 men, that were to come to this town, there were at least 1,200 on the road to this place, besides great numbers of women and boys, which the Ul- toghs always carry along with them, when they expect spoil: and lastly, when we caused the potent to be inspected, and found that it referred in the body thereof to the names of the captains underneath, and yet not one named : we cannot but think it a most wonderful Providence of God, to stir up the mobile for our safety, and preser- vation of the peace of the kingdom against such bloody attempts as these northern people had formed against us, which we doubt not but his Excellency will look upon as a great and very acceptable service to his Majesty, to whom we resolve always to bear true faith and allegiance against all disturbers of his government whatsoever ; and only to act in our own defence, without the least disturbance or prejudice to any that will live peaceably with us. And we doubt not but all that are alarmed and terrified with the like danger, in this and adjacent counties, and hereupon have put themselves also upon their defence, to the number, as we are informed from several parts, of near 20,000 horse and foot will do the same, if they be not assaulted. The rabble in their heat found means to get into the magazine, and thence took some arms and ammunition ; but we have caused it to be locked up, and a guard set thereon, and an ac- count taken of what is taken thence, and what left therein. Our re- quest is that your Lordship will represent our danger to his Excel- lency, the necessity we are under, and obtain from him his allowance and countenance, for securing ourselves from these Ulster enemies, that will never be obedient when they have power in their band. Your Lordship’s kindness herein will be a perpetual obligation on the inhabitants of this city and neighbourhood, and very much tend to his Majesty’s sendee in preserving the lives of thousands of his good and innocent subjects, that were designed for slaughter. We remain your Lordship’s most obedient humble Servants, •JOHN CAMPSIE, Londonderry, December 9, 1G&8. samuel k or wav, &c. 256 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE. THE LETTER TO THE SOCIETY AT LONDON, SENT FROM DERRY BY MR. CAIRNS, Eight Worshipful, In our sad calamity, and under the greatest apprehensions of our total excision by the Irish in these parts of the kingdom which bor- der upon us, we thought it necessary for us immediately to dispatch David Cairnes, Esq. a very worthy citizen of this city, and lately a member of this corporation, into England, to report our case to you, and to use his endeavours by all just means for our speedy relief. And we have eternal obligations laid on us to bless God, whose mercy and providence rescued us from the designs of wicked men, that conspired our ruin, without any provocation on our.parts, whose inclinations as well as interest it was to live peaceably with all men. On Friday the seventh instant, several intimations came to several hereabout, that on the Sunday following a massacre was designed by the Irish in Ulster; and although it caused great thoughts of heart to the most assured amongst ns, yet none of the more aged and grave eameto any other resolution than to submit to the Divine Providence, whatever the event might be : and just in that juncture, whilst the younger and more inconsiderate were consulting their own safety, and it seems had resolved on the means, a part of the Earl of Antrim’s regiment, newly levied, and all composed of Highlanders and Ulster Papists, came to the river side, and their officers came over into the city to the sheriffs, for quarters and lodgings for them. We confess our fears on the occasion became more pungent, and we still remain silent, except our prayers and devotions. But just as the soldiers were approaching the gates, the youthood by a strange impulse ran in one body and shut the gates, and put themselves in the best pos- ture of defence they could. We blamed, but could not guide or per- suade them to any less resolution that night ; and so the soldiers re- tired, and were quartered in the neighbourhood, where, although they did not murder or destroy any, yet many threats they uttered, and outrages they committed. The next day we hoped to prevail with those that assumed the power of the city, to open the gates and receive the garrison; but the news and intimations of the general de- sign eame so fast, so full from all quarters, that we then blessed God for our present escape, effected by means unforeseen, and against our wills. In the general hurry and consternation of not us only, but all the neighbouring counties, when we have but scarce time to hear the repeated informations of our danger, it is not possible for us to fur- nish the bearer with all requisite testimonials to evince this sad truth ; nor will it consist with our safety to protract his stay till it can be done, the vessel that carries him being just ready for sail. We must refer you to his report, and copies of papers carried over byliim,sign- ed by us, for your further satisfaction in particulars; but Mo most humbly and heartily beseech you, as you are men of bowels and char- ity, to assist this gentleman how best you can to secure us from the common danger, and that we may peaceably live obeying ids Majesty and the laws, doing injury to no man, nor wishing it to any. Your interest here is now no argument worthy to engage you, the lives of thousands of innocent men, women and children are at stake. Iff ou can, and will not now afford your' help to the utmost, we shall never be able to use a motive to induce you, or to prevail upon you. May OF LONDONDERRY. 257 the Lord send deliverance to ns, and preserve you all in peace and tranquility, is the hearty prayer of Gentlemen, Your most obedient Servants, GEORGE PHILLIPS, JOHN CAMPSIE, Londonderry, December 10, 1688. samuel norman, ALEXANDER TOMKINS, MATTHEW COCKEN, &C. A LETTER FROM ENNISKILLEN DIRECTED TO DAVID CAIRNES, ESQ. OR THE OTHER OFFICERS COMMANDING IN CHIEF, NOW IN LONDONDERRY. Gentlemen, The frequent intelligence we have from all parts of this Kingdom of a general massacre of the Protestants, and two companies of foot of Sir Thomas Newcom’s regiment, viz. Captain Nugent’s and Cap- tain Shurloe’s, being upon their march to garrison here ; and now within ten miles, hath put us upon a resolution of refusing them en- trance, our desire being only to preserve our own lives, and the lives of our neighbours, this place being the most considerable pass between Connaught and Ulster, and hearing ot your resolutions, we thought it convenient to impart this to you, as likewise to beg your assistance both in your advice and relief, especially in Helping us with some powder, and in carrying on a correspondence with us hereafter, as we shall wiih God’s assistance do with you ; which all at present from, Gentlemen, From Enniskillen, Your faithful friends and fellow Christians, December 15, 1688. the inhabitants of Enniskillen. We are not now in a condition to spare men for a guard, therefore, must entreat your assistance in that. ALLAN OATHCART. william browning. THOMAS SHORE. WILLIAM SMYTH. ARCHIBALD HAMILTON. MALG. CATHCART. JA. EWART. ROBERT CLARKE. THE LORO MOUNTJOY’S ARTICLES WITH THE CITY OF DERBY, 21st DECEMBER, 1688. Articles of Agreement , indented , made , and concluded by and between the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Mountjoy, Master of the Ordnance , and one of his Majesty's most honourable Privy Council , of one part , and the Mayor and Sheriffs of the City of Londonderry, in behalf of themselves, and the in- habitants of the said city, and their adherents, of the other part, at Londonderry, this %lst of December 1688. s 2 258 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE 1. “ That the said Lord Mountjoy shall with all possible expedition, and at furthest within fifteen days after the date hereof, procure a free and general pardon to all and every the inhabitants of the city, suburbs and liberties of the city of Londonderry, and to all and every person and persons within the province of Ulster, that have abetted or adhered unto them, for all matters and things relating to the late commotion and revolution in the said city ; and for all of- fences done against the law, murder excepted, and all pen- alties thereby incident and incurred; the same to be perfect- ed under the great seal, and delivered to the sheriffs of the said city, or their order, within the time before limited, and published by proclamations^ 2. “ That until the said pardon be so perfected and deliver- ed, no more, or other soldiers shall be garrisoned in the said city, or quartered in the liberties thereof, except the two companies commanded by Lieutenant- Colonel Robert Lundy, and Captain William Stewart. And that whatsoever com- panies shall after that time, and until the first day of March next, be quarter edUn the said city and liberties, shall con- sist of one half Protestants at the least. 3. “ That until the pardon be delivered as aforesaid, the inhabitants of the said city shall not be disturbed in keeping their guards and watches; and that no stranger or unknown person shall be permitted to come within the city with fire- arms or swords, or to lodge within the gates all night, un- less he be allowed by Colonel Lundy, and the two sheriffs. 4. “ That if at any time before the first of March next, the soldiers of the Lord Mountjoy’s regiment shall by po- tent, or other order, be required to remove, the said Lord, or his officer commanding in chief, shall leave the said city free to their own guards and watches. 5. “ That if at any time any inhabitant or inhabitants of the said city and suburbs, shall desire to remove with his or their family and goods, he or they shall be freely permitted ; and that the ships now in the harbour, or which shall be hereafter loaden, shall not be stopped by any em- bargo ; and if any ship or ships which have sailed from this port since the seventh day of this instant December, shall be arrested or stopped in any port or harbour within this kingdom, on account of the late commotion, the said ship or ships shall be immediately released. OF LONDONDERRY, 259 6. u That until the twenty-sixth day of March next, no soldiers of the Earl of Antrim’s regiment, shall be quarter- ed in the city or liberties of Londonderry, to prevent a, 11 animosities and disorders that may arise between them and the people. 7. “ That the Lord Mountjoy shall interpose with the commissioners of his Majesty’s revenue on behalf of War- ham Jemmet, Esq. and other officers of the customs, that no imputation or blame may remain on them, for the in- voluntary compliance with the people of Derry in the late commotion ; and that his Lordship may be pleased to par- don William Hemsworth, clerk of the stores, and Alexander Watson, gunner, for the like offences. 8. “ That the two sons of the Lord Mountjoy now resi- dent in Londonderry, shall remain in the said city, as pledges for the full and final performance of these articles. 9. “ That the said two companies commanded by Colonel Lundy and Captain Stewart shall be permitted to enter the city, and be quartered therein by the sheriffs of the said city, whensoever the Lord Mountjoy shall appoint it, and the keys of the gates and magazine delivered to his order. 10. “ That in the mean time all arms taken out of his Majesty’s stores shall be gathered, and after the pardon delivered as aforesaid, shall be returned to the clerk of the stores fixed and in good order. The inhabitants of the said city nowise doubting or mistrusting, that since their under- taking and late actions took their rise from self-preserva- tion, and to avoid imminent danger, they shall be absolved before God and the world from all tincture of rebellion^ perverseness and wilful disobedience to theKings authority, and the established laws of the land.” THE ANTRIM ASSOCIATION. “ It being notoriously known, not only to the Protestant inhabitants of the northern counties, but to those through- out this whole kingdom of Ireland, that the peace and quiet of this nation is now in great and imminent danger ; and that it is absolutely necessary for all Protestants to agree within their several counties, upon some .speedy and effect- ual methods for their own defence, and for securing, as much as in them lies, the Protestant religion, their lives, 260 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE liberties, and properties, and the peace of this kingdom, which are so much endeavoured to be disturbed by Popish and illegal counsellors, and their abettors. And in as much as union and dispatch are necessary for effecting the same, We the nobility and gentry of the county of Antrim do associate together, firmly resolving to adhere to tha laws of this kingdom and the Protestant religion, and to act in subordination to the government of England, and the promoting of a free parliament And we do declare, if we be forced to take up arms, as it will be contrary to our inclination, so it shall be only defensive, not in the least to invade the lives, liberties, or estates of any of our fellow-subjects, no not of the Popish persuasion, whilst they demean themselves peaceably with us. The reasons which induce us to put ourselves in some necessary posture of defence, are so obvious and urgent upon us, when we consider of the great levies daily made of Popish soldiers, and at this time especially when the King is retired, and t eir arming can in nowise be serviceable to his Majesty’s interest : it were inconsistent with common prudence, not to suspect their designs to be such as will tend, if not to the destruction, yet to the great endangering of the lives, liberties, and properties of the Protestant subjects of this Kingdom, if not prevented. And we do declare, though at present we will admit none but Protestants into our associ- ation, yet we will to our power, protect even Papists from violence, whilst their behaviour amongst us is peaceable and quiet. And we doubt not but ail good Protestants in this Kingdom will in their several stations, join with us in the same public defence; and that God will bless these our just, innocent, and necessary undertakings, for our lives, laws, and religion. And whereas it will be necessary, for the more effectual and successful carrying on these mutual en- deavours for the preservation of our religion and proper- ties, and to avoid confusions and distractions, which in such case3 may otherwise happen, to appoint some eminent person or persons, to whose conduct we may entirely sub- mit ourselves in this our undertaking. We do therefore by these presents, unanimously elect and appoint the Right Honourable Hugh, Earl of Mount- Alexander, and the Honourable Clotworthy Skeffington, Esq. or either of them, jointly or severally as they shall think fit, to be our com- OF LONDONDERRY. 261 mandei* or commanders -in-chief of all the forces in the said county of Antrim. And do hereby oblige ourselves to serve under their, or either of their command, in such man- ner, place, and station, as they or one of them, in their dis - cretion and judgment shall direct. And that we will from time to time, observe and obey, all such orders and methods, for the better carrying on this enterprize, and procuring of horse and foot, and such numbers of men, arms, and am- munition, as our county council of five shall think fit ; and that with all expedition, immediately to be arrayed and for- med into troops and companies, and to be disposed of from time to time according to their, or either of their orders ; they, or one of them, acting with the advice and consent of the said county council of five, or the major part thereof. Massareene. John Donelson. George Johnston. William Franklin. Wm, Cuningham Henry Clements. Arthur Upton. William Shaw. Edw. Clements. Robert Adair. James MacCartney Rich. Dobb, jun. William Lesley. William Shaw. William Shaw. Charles Stewart Henry MacCollogh Mich. Harrison. Edw. Harrison. John Guest. James Shaw. Patrick Shaw. George Butthell. THE KING’S LETTER TO IRELAND, BY CAPTAIN LEIGHTON. HaviDg received an account from Captain Leighton, of wliat he was intrusted to represent to us, in relation to the condition of the Protestants in Ireland : We have directed him to assure you in our name, how sensibly we are affected with the hazards you are exposed to, by the illegal power the Papists have of late usurped in that King- dom, and that we are resolved to employ the most speedy and effec- tual means in our power, for rescuing you from the oppressions and terrors you lie under; that in the mean time we do well approve of the endeavours we understand you are using, to put yourselves into a posture of defence, that you may not be surprized, wherein you may expect all the encouragements and assistance that can be given you from hence. And because we are persuaded, that there are even of the Romish communion, many who are desirous to live peaceably, and do not approve of the violent and arbitrary proceedings of some who pretend to be in authority ; and we thinking it just to make distinc- tions of persons, according to their behaviour and deserts, Do hereby authorise you to promise in our name, to all such who shall demean themselves hereafter peaceably and inoffensively, our protection and exemption from those pains and forfeitures, which those only shall incur who are the maintainers and abettors of the said illegal autho - rity, assumed and continued contrary to law ; or who shall act any 262 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE thing to the prejudice of the Protestant interest, or the distur- bance of the public peace in that Kingdom. And for further par- ticulars, we refer you to the report you shall receive from Captain Leighton, who hath acquitted himself with fidelity and diligence in your concerns, of the sincerity of our intentions towards you. And so we recommend you to the protection of A lmighty God. Given at St. James’s the 10th day of February, 168&. WILLIAM H. ORANGE. To the Earl of Mount Alexander, to be communicated to the Pro- testant nobility and gentry, in the North of Ireland. By his Highness’s command, WILLIAM JEPK30N. THE DECLARATION OF THE PROTESTANTS OF SLIGO, JANUARY THE 4th 1688-9. “ We, the Protestants of the county of Sligo, at present assembled for our common safety, do hereby declare the occasion and motives of this our association, and what is in- tended by it. 1. “ We resolve to adhere to the laws of the land, and the Protestant religion. 2. “ We shall as we ought, unite ourselves accordingly with Englard, and hold to the lawful government thereof, and to a free Parliament. 3. “We declare, that our taking up arms is only defen- sive, and not in the least to invade the lives, liberties, or estates of any of our fellow-subjects, whether Roman Ca- tholics or others, while they demean themselves in peace- able manner to us. 4. “ Our reasons for thus doing are so urgent, that we could no longer with prudence forbear putting ourselves in some necessary posture of defence. For the Homan Catho- lics arming in such vast numbers throughout all the King- dom, do give U9 just apprehensions of ill designs in them ; they pretending the King’s commission for what they do, whereas we are assured that the King has commanded all Roman Catholics to lay down their arms, which we conceive should as well extend to Ireland as England. And there- fore we doubt, that the leaders of this Irish army do act from their own heads, upon designs of their own, which we may justly fear will be prejudicial to the lives, liberties and properties of the Protestant subjects of this kingdom, if not prevented. OF LONDONDERRY. 263 Lastly — “ We declare, that as we will assault none tha molest not us, so we will to our powers protect all from violence, even Roman Catholics themselves, while they be- have themselves peaceably and neighbourly amongst us, though we will admit none but Protestants into onr associ- ation, until we be ascertained from the lawful authority and government of England, what further orders we are to obey. And we doubt not, but that all good Protestants in this kingdom will, where they are able, join with us in the same public defence, and that God will bless this so just, innocent, and necessary undertaking, for our lives, laws, and religion. “ And whereas it will be necessary, for the more effec- tual and successfnl carrying on of these our mutual endea- vours, for the preservation of our laws, religion, and coun- try, and the security of our lives and properties, and to avoid confusions and distractions, which in such cases might otherwise happen, to appoint some eminent person or per- sons, to whose conduct we may entirely submit ourselves in this our undertaking : “ We do therefore by these presents unanimously nomi- nate, elect, and appoint the Right Honourable Robert Lord Baron of Kingston, and the Honourable Chidley Coot, Esq. or either, or both of them, jointly and severally, as they shall think fit, to be commander or commanders-in-chief, of all the forces in the said county of Sligo. “ And do hereby oblige ourselves to serve under his or their command, in such manner, and in such place and sta- tion, as they or one of them, in their discretion and judg- ment shall direct. “ And that we will procure such horse and foot, and such a number of men, arms, and ammunition, as we or any of us can possibly provide; and that with all expedition, imme- diately to be arrayed and formed into troops and companies, and to be disposed of from time to time according to their, or either of their orders. In witness whereof, we have here- unto subscribed our hands. At Sligo , this Mh of January , 1688-9. 264 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE COLONEL LUNDY’S INSTRUCTIONS. Instructions to our trusty and well-beloved Lieutenant- Colonel Lundy , Commander -in- Chief of the town and garrison of Londonderry , or in his absence, to the Commander-in-Chief there. 44 Having taken into our consideration, the danger that at present threatens the Protestant interest in that kingdom, and how much it concerns the good of our subjects, that all our garrisons there be in as good a posture of defence as may be : We, therefore, reposing trust and confidence in your good affection and courage, have thought fit hereby to direct you : 1. 44 That yon do upon receipt hereof, buy and furnish that garrison with such necessary provisions and ammuni- tion, as may enable it to subsist and make defence for some time, in case of any attack. 2. 44 That for its better defence, you do break down such bridges, and cut up such dikes and sluices, as in your judg- ment shall be thought necessary. 3. 44 That you take special care in preserving the gates of the town, the guns with their carriages, as well as the fortifications of the place, in good order and repair, and that you add such works as you shall find necessary. 4. 44 That on prospect of anymore imminent danger, you do pull down such houses, and fell and cut down such trees, as may prove in fehe least a prejudice to its defence. 5. 44 That you put and set up palisadoes in such places as shall be thought necessary ; and that you do, and provide for the defence of that place, what else you shall upon due consideration judge requisite. 6 44 And to that end, you are to receive and dispose of the thousand pounds which shall be remitted to you, to the best advantage of our service, and the safety of that garri- son, and to transmit an account thereof hither. 7. That you also send hither from time to time, as op- portunities offer, a true and particular account of the condi- tion of that place to one of your principal secretaries of state. 8. 44 That you also cause the oath herewith sent you, to be taken by all the officers both civil and military, in that town and garrison. — Given, &c. 21st February, 1688.” OF LONDONDERRY 2 65 > mr. Hamilton's instructions. Instructions to our trusty and ivell-beloved James Ha- milton, Esq. appointed by us to carry arms and other provisions of ivar to the town of Londonderry, in our Kingdom of Ireland. William R. You are to receive into your charge, as soon as they shall be put on shipboard, the arms, ammunition, and stores of war, which we have directed to be sent to Ireland, with a commission and instructions to Lieutenant-Colonel Lundy, and the sum of one thousand pounds, which we have order- ed the officers of the customs and excise at Chester to pay unto you, to be delivered by you to the said Lieu- tenant-Colonel Lundy, who is to dispose thereof for the ne- cessary occasions of that garrison. And you are to take care, that the ship in which the said arms and stores of war shall be laden, do not leave the English coast without the convoy of a frigate, which we have appointed to accompany the said ship to the said town of Londonderry. And at your arrival with the said ships upon or near the coasts of Ireland, you are, if you see convenient, to deliver fifty bar- rels of powder to any officer commissioned by us within the county of Down, or thereabouts, in order to the better de- fence of those parts, taking the receipt of the said officer for the same. And you are as soon as may be, to inform your- self in the best manner, at what distance the enemy shall be at that time from Londonderry ; and with what safety the said arms and provision of war may be put on shore, at or near that place, and secured within the said town for the use and defence of the Protestants against the Papists, ac- cording to your directions in that behalf. And in case the same may be done without apparent danger, you are to proceed accordingly in the execution thereof, and to deliver the said commission and instructions, money, arms, and stores, to the said Lieutenant-Colonel Lundy, or the Com- mander-in- Chief of the said town, taking his receipt for the same. Provided, nevertheless that before you deliver the said commission, instructions, money, arms, and stores of war to the said Lieutenant- Colonel Lundy, or to the Com- mander-in- Chief of the said town ; you first cause him to take the oaths herewith sent, on board the ship wherein 266 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE you shall arrive there, in the presence of the Mayor or chief civil magistrate of Londonderry. But if he shall refuse the said oaths, or any one of them ; or that you shall find the approach to the said town difficult, and the landing or delivery of the said arms and stores insecure, you are then not to land the said stores, or part with the said commission, instructions and money ; but to cause them to be brought back on board the said ship under the same convoy, to some port in England: whereupon notice thereof given to us, w r e shall signify our further orders thereupon, and for so doing, &c. — Given, &c. White- Hall, the 22d of February, 1688. By his Majesty's command, SHREWSBURY. THE KING'S LETTER TO COLONEL LUNDY, BY MR. CAIRNS. Sir, Whitehall, 8tli March, 1688. I am commanded by the King to acquaint you, that his Majesty’s greatest concern hath been for Ireland, and particularly for the province of Ulster, which he looks upon as most capable to defend itself against the common enemy. And that they might be the better enabled to do it, there are two regiments already at the sea-side, ready to embark, in order to their transportation into that province, with which will be sent a good quantity of arms and ammunition. And they will be speedily followed by so considerable a body, as by the blessing of God, may be able to rescue the whole kingdom, and re-settle the Protestant interest there. His Majesty does very much rely upon your fidelity and resolution, not only that you should acquit yourself according to the character he has received of you, but that you should encourage and influence others in this difficult conjuncture to discharge their duty to their country, their religion, and their posterity, all which call upon them for a more than ordinary vigour, to keep out that deluge of Popery and Slavery, which so nearly threatens them. And you may assure them, that besides his Majesty’s care for their preservation, who hath a due tenderness and legard for them, as well in consideration that they are his subjects, as that they are now exposed for the sake of that religion which he himself professes. The whole bent of this nation inclines them to employ their utmost endeavours for their deliverance ; and it was but this very morning that his Majesty hath most effectually recommended the case of Ire- land to the two houses of Parliament. And I do not doubt but they will thereupon immediately come to such resolutions, as will shew to all the world that they espouse their interest as their own. As to your own particular, you will always find the King graciously disposed to own and reward the services you shall do him in such a time of trial. And for my part, whatever I can contribute either to the general service of that kingdom, or to your own particular satisfaction, I shall never be wanting in. Sir, your very humble servant, SHREWSBURY. Subscribed for Colonel Lundy, Governor of Londonderry. OF LONDONDERRY. 267 INSTRUCTIONS TO MR. DAVID CAIRNES. You are, with what convenient speed you can, forthwith to repair to Londonderry, in the kingdom of Ireland. At your arrival there, you are to acquaint the Governor and Magistrates of the said city, of his Majesty’s great care and concern for their security ; which he hath shown not only in sending thither at this time, men, arms, and ammu- nition, but in the further great preparations he is making, as well for the particular defence of that place, as for the safety and protection of that whole kingdom. You are particularly to inform yourself of the present condition of Londonderry, both as to men, arms, and am- munition ; and whether the country thereabout can be able to furnish provisions for a greater force intended to be sent thither, without carrying provisions from England. An exact account whereof you are to bring yourself with the best speed you can, or to send it with the first conveniency to me, or to the committee of council appointed for Irish affairs You are to get the best informations you can, what force the enemy hrs, as well horse as foot ; in what condition the troops are, and how armed, and what care is taken for their subsistence, whether by providing magazines and stores, or by trusting to the provisions they shall find where they march. You are to enquire what new levies have been made, of horse, foot, or dragoons, by those colonels who had their commissions sent them some time since by Captain Leigh- ton, of what numbers they are, and how disposed of. Given at the Court of White-Hall, this 11th day of March, 1688-9. SHREWSBURY. MR. CAIRNES’ CERTIFICATE. Charles , Earl of Shrewsbury , Waterford and Wexford , fyc. one of the Lords of his Majesty s most Honourable Privy Council , and principal Secretary of State. Mr. David Cairnes, the bearer hereof, being appointed by the committee for Irish affairs, forthwith to repair to London- derry; These are to certify, whom it may concern, that the 268 MACKENZIE’S SIEGE said Mr*. Cairnes hath for these two months last past, attend- ed constantly his Majesty and the council in behalf of the said city, and that he hath behaved himself with prudence, diligence, and faithfulness. — Given at the Court at White- Hall, this 11th day of March, 1688. SHREWSBURY. ARTICLES AT A COUNCIL OF WAR, AT DERRY, APRIL 10, 1689. At a Council of War , at Londonderry , present, Colonel Robert Lundy, Colonel James Hamilton. Colonel Hugh Montgomery Lieut.-Colonel Whitney, Lieut.- Colonel White, Lieut.-Colonel Johnston, Lieut.-Colonel Shaw, Major Barry, Major Tubman, Lord Blayney, Sir Nich. Atchison. Colonel Francis Hamilton Lieut.-Colonel Ponsonby, Major Crofton, Major Hill, Major Phillips, Captain Hugh MacGill. 1. “ Resolved — That a mutual engagement be made between all the officers of this garrison and the forces ad- joining, and to be signed by every man. Tbnt none shall desert or forsake the service, or depart the kingdom without leave of a council of war. If any do, he or they shall be looked upon as a coward, and disaffected to the service. 2. “ That a thousand men shall be chosen to be part of this garrison, and joined with the soldiers already herein, to defend the city ; the officers of which thousand, and the garrison officers, are to enter into the engagement aforesaid. 3 “ That all officers and soldiers of any of our forces, in the neighbourhood, not of this garrison, shall forthwith repair to their respective quarters and commands. 4. “ That all colonels and commanders of every regi- ment, or independent troop or company be now armed and fitted, that so we may take up resolutions for field service accordingly : the lists to be sent hither by Saturday next. o. “ That the several officers in their respective quarters, shall take care to send in provisions to the magazines of this garrison, for supply thereof : and take care that they leave with the owner thereof some of their victuals and OF LONDONDERRY. 269 provisions for their own supports, and to send in spades, shovels, and pick-axes. 6. “ That the thousand men to be taken into this garrison shall have the old houses about the walls and ditches with- out the gates divided among them, to be levelled with all possible speed. 7. “ That the several battalions and companies in the city shall have their several stations and posts assigned them, to which they shall repair upon any sudden alarm. 8. “ That all persons of this garrison, upon beating of the retreat every night, shall repair to their several quar- ters and lodgings. 9. “ That a pair of gallows shall be erected in one of the bastions, upon the south-west of the city, whereupon all mutinous or treacherous persons of this garrison shall be exe- cuted, who shall be condemned thereunto by a court-martial. 10. “ That the articles of war shall be read at the head of every regiment, battalion, troop, or company ; and that all soldiers shall be punished for their transgressing them, according to the said articles. 11. “ That every soldier of the garrison, and non-com- missioned officers, shall be weekly allowed out of the maga- zines, eight quarts of meal, four pounds of fish, and three pounds of flesh for his weekly subsistence. 12. w ; but Noble was beat back, one of his men killed and three wounded, and Colonel Murray’s cousin was killed as he was tin-owing stones into their trenches ; and, as the Colonel was coming off himself, he was shot in the thigh, notwithstanding his armour, dangerously, near the bottom of the belly. We lost one Serjeant Lynn in that attempt. In the morning we had six bombs, and about midnight eight ; the first of the eight killed Mr. Henry Thompson, an old inhabitant of this city. It fell upon him as he lay in bed, and broke him all in pieces. 18. — We had twelve bombs. At night, a messen- ger, who went from us to Inch on Sunday last, re- turned and brought a letter from Colonel Piercy Kirk, 296 ASH’S SIEGE It gives us an account, that he will, with God’s assis- tance, relieve us very soon ; Governor Mitchelburne knows his hand ; for he was promoted by him in the army at Tangier. The enemy’s battering piece broke the breast-work of the bastion below Butchers-gate, which was made up at night with barrels and sods. Yesterday the soldiers got for their subsistence a pint of meal, half-a-pound of French butter, and three pounds of salted hides each. The messenger went away next night with a letter from the Governors, sewed in the button of his breeches, where Kirk’s letter was. 19. — The battering guns played at the Wall, and struck down more of the breast-work at Butchers- gate. There were twenty-two bombs discharged into the city. Great shooting was heard at Lough S willy at night. 20. — No bombs, nor any thing of consequence, but a new kind of subsistence for the men, viz. : starch, (otherwise called Dutch flour,) made into pancakes, with the same ingredients which were in those of tal- low. I cannot pass over one anecdote concerning one man who owed some money to another : — The poor fellow had killed a dog, and was dressing it to eat ; the other came in and insisted on having his money or the dog ; money he had not, and therefore with languishing eye and rueful stomach, he was ob- liged to part with his dog. At the commencement of the siege, meal was sold at fourpence per peck ; it is now six shillings. All provisions are excessively dear : milk at 3|-d pint ; I paid so much for it, and 2s. 6d. for six ounces of butter. 21. — We had twenty-eight bombs. A large part of their army is seen marching towards Inch, and most of the tents at Enoch (over the water) are taken away. 22. — Two battering pieces played above forty shots against the Walls and houses ; one of them shot a ball of 19 lbs. weight, and another of 14 lbs. which killed and maimed some who lay in garrets. OF LONDONDERRY 297 That night a messenger came from Inch, the same boy who was sent by Governor Baker in May last to the Council of Scotland, to accuse Colonel Lundy for the harm he had done to King William’s cause in these parts; upon which he was sent for to London, where Colonel Coningham (who came with the eleven ships on the 15th of last April) and he are confined in the Tower. This boy brought no letter ; he de- livered his message by word of mouth ; he said that officers were sent from the fleet to Enniskillen, and they are to be down in four days to join the English forces, and with God’s assistance, to raise the siege. The messenger who went on Friday last is made an ensign by Colonel Kirk. 23. — The battering pieces killed two brothers lying in a garret in Bishop-street, and injured many houses. Captain David Ross having orders to search for sad- dles belonging to Sir Arthur Rawdon, came to Col. Adam Murray’s quarters, where he had some dis- course with one Samuel Lindsay, one of Murray’s horsemen, about said saddles, which rose to such a height, that, as I was informed, Ross drew upon Lindsay, whereupon Lindsay took a carabine, and shot him to the heart. He immediately expired. The same day some turbulent persons got together to raise a meeting in the garrison ; their contrivance was to secure the gunners in the first place, and to nail up the guns, then to beat drums; they did not then question but that they should have assistance enough to make terms for themselves, and to give up the garrison. This jmoject was overheard, and two of the chief contrivers were sent to Newgate. Since Friday last we have had a court-martial every day, consisting of thirteen persons, to rectify and set right all misdemeanors in garrison. Captain Robert White is President of the Council, Lieut.-Colonel Miller, Major J. Dobbin, Major Alexander Stuart Captain J. Crook, Captain W. Godfrey, Captain D. Ross, who was since killed, in his place Captain T. Johnston* 298 ASH’S SIEGE Captain A. Downing, Captain T. Asli, Captain John " Thompson, Captain J. Cochran ; Captain Dobbin, Advocate. In the court, the storekeeper and those concerned with the excise and with the city rent, are called to account, and all money gotten is to be paid to the treasurer for mending of arms, &c. 24. — A General Council of War was held in the guard-room, and it was concluded by all present that at four o’clock next morning, 500 men should sally out and drive in some cattle which were grazing be- tween this place and Pennyburn. All the officers were bound to secrecy until the business should be accomplished. An order was given by the court- martial, that all the black cattle in garrison, which have been kept in houses this month or six weeks, should be slaughtered for the use of the garrison. In the evening there came three ships up towards Culmore. That day six shillings w T ere offered for a dog to eat ! Dogs, horses, and cats are frequently eaten ! 25. — 500 men being detached out of several com- panies of the town drew up in Shipquay-street, nigh the gate early in the morning, which being divided in three parties were sent several ways ; one party went out of Shipquav-gate, another out of Butchers - gate, and the third out of Bishops- gate, dreading an attack on the Wind- mill; the word was “Orange.” Those who went out at Shipquay-gate were com- manded by Captain Wilson, Lieutenant Moor, and Serjeant Neely ; those at Butchers-gate, by Captain A, Hamilton, Captain Burly, and Captain T. Ash. These two parties were ordered to flank the ditches which run through the orchard at both ends, which was done effectually ; for the men in both places ran with great celerity upon their trenches, which the enemy seeing, fled in confusion. They were abso^ lutely surprized, for most of their matches were out, quite unprepared for an attack. They could hardly suppose that a poor hungry starved people would OF LONDONDERRY. 299 come out upon them in that manner. There were of the enemy sixty men killed, and undoubtedly as many wounded. Lieut. -Colonel Fitzgerald, with some other officers, were of the slain; and Captain Nugent, Ensign Early, with two privates, were taken prison- ers. The party at Bishops-gate were commaned by Captain Blair, Captain Dixon, and Lieutenant Boyd, who, as soon, as we w T ere in action, came down and did good service. The enemy on the hill, seeing the enemy quit the trench, came down in haste; our men, weak for want of sustenance, could not cope with them, but drew off within their trenches at Bishops- gate. We brought good store of arms and knap- sacks, with bannocks of oatbread, mutton, &c. &c. from their camp ; all several tools, as spades, shovels, pickaxes, &c. Captain Nugent had about him twenty- six pounds in gold and silver, asffie said, but none was found, though strict examination was made concern- ing it, except four louis dores and a guinea, which were given to Captain Wilson, who took him, and one Mr. Burrell, who brought him in. The English serjeant got his sword, and his scarlet coat was given back to him, which had on it large plate buttons. We lost but three, viz. : Lieutenant Fisher and two privates. In the heat of the action, the French Gen. as I was afterwards informed, being busy assembling the men in the camp and getting them to their arms, one of our cannon struch him dead off his horse. In all likelihood it was he, from the marks Nugent gave of his horse, &c. — the certainty we know not as yet ; but the main article we misled — the cattle; for those gascons, as soon as we sallied out, drove them over the hill. The same day some of the enemy came near Windmill, and called our men to parley with them ; two went, and were killed by them ; and last night a serjeant and two privates went off with their arms ; they had good clothes and shoes, which they w^ere deprived of, and sent back next morning. Some time after, the prisoners which we took to-day in the ASH’S SIEGE MO main guard, as some of them were smoking tobacco near some powder, a spark fell out of the pipe on the floor where some grains had been scattered, which took fire, and ran along to where half- a barrel stood, and blew it up. It has much disfigured the three prisoners and three men of the garrison ; it broke down the floor of the guard-house, where the court- martial usually sat ; one of our men died the next day. Since the siege commenced, searchers were appointed to bring provisions into the store from those who where well supplied, in order to divide with those who had come from afar off and stood in need. And now 26. — An oath is imposed, that every one shall give a true account of what provisions they have, and a week’s competency is allowed them according to their families, and the remainder is taken to the store- house. An experiment was tried on a cow at Ship- quay ; she was tied and smeared with tar, and tow stuck to it, which was set on fire to make her roar, thinking that the enemy^s cows which were grazing in the orchard would come to her ; but she was not tied fast enough, for when the tow took fire and was blazing about her, she made off, and was going to the orchard, but our men shot from the Wall and killed her : she belonged to Mr. Gravet. The Council thought fit to release Ensign Cartie and the other two who were much hurt with the powder, and incap- able of doing us much hurt this campaign. 27. — This morning we heard the great guns at or near Inch; the wind is S.W. which I suppose hinders our ships from coming up to us, and God knows, we never stood in so much need of a supply ; for now there is not one week’s provisions in the garrison : of necessity we must surrender the City, and make the best terms we can for ourselves* Next Wednes- day is our last, if relief does not arrive before it. This day the cows and horses, sixteen of the former and twelve of the latter, were slaughtered ; the blood OF LONDONDERRY. 301 of the cows was sold at 4d. per quart, and that of the horses at 2d. Two of our men were killed at But- cher’s Gate from the orchard. The soldiers got one pound of meal mixed with Dutch flour, the next morning one pound and a half of horse beef per man. There is not a dog to be seen, they are all killed and eaten. 28th of July, 1089 ! — A day to be remembered with thanksgiving by the besieged in Derry as long as they live, for on this day we were delivered from famine and slavery. With the former they were threatened if they stayed here, and the latter if they went away, or surrendered the garrison to the enemy. The wind blew N. W. in the morning, in the evening more northwards. Our flag struck once or twice to let the fleet see once more our inevitable distress ; as much as to say, if they came not now, the wind blowing fair, they might stay away for ever. Beside the flag, eight cannons were fired from the steeple to let them fully into our situation and hasten their relief, then the flag made a wave. The fleet returned us six great guns in answer, which intimated that when the tide answered they would endeavour to relieve us. About five o’clock in the evening, the wind being fair and the tide serving for the purpose, four ships hoisted sail and came swiftly to Culmore without harm, although they were shot at from the castle. The first which came by the castle was a man-of-war, called the Dartmouth frigate, Captain Leake, com- mander. When she came above it she drew in her sails and cast anchor ; but the Mountjoy and Phoenix came up to the chain or boom which was made across the lake near Brook-hall. The Mountjoy first at- tempted the boom, struck upon it, and ran aground, which the enemy observing, gave a loud huzza, think- ing she was their own ; but the tide coming in fast, she got off, the cannons playing at her briskly from shore. While she was aground, Captain Browning, who com- manded her, and who had that honour conferred on 302 ASH’S SIEGE him by Major-General Kirk, to be the man who should bring relief to Derry, stood upon the deck, with his sword drawn, encouraging his men with great cheerfulness ; but a fatal bullet from the enemy struck him in the head, and he died on the spot. King William did his widow the honour of tying a diamond chain round her neck, and settled on her a pension. The way being cleared by the Mountjoy, the Phoenix came up to her. They both sailed very slowly by the tide, the wind abating much after they passed Culmore. The shore on both sides w T as lined with the enemy, who shot continually at them. Those •were the cannons which were placed over the Bog, which had thrown the 14lb. and 19lb. weight balls into the city. They had been removed near Brook- hall to prevent the ships from coming up ; but God of his mercy, prevented their design. They both arrived at the Ship-quay at ten at night; the Phoenix arrived first ; her captain is a Mr. Douglas. O ! to hear the loud acclamations of the garrison soldiers round the Walls when the ships came to the quay, which were often reiterated. The Lord who has pre- served this city from the enen^ I hope will always keep it to the Protestants. There were four killed on ship board besides Captain Browning. Immedi- ately after their arrival, two great guns were fired off the steeple, to let the fleet know the two ships had arrived safe. The fourth vessel, called the Jeru- salem, came near the man-of-war, but no farther that night. A number of empty casks were carried to the Ship Quay, and filled there to make a kind of defence from the enemy’s shot on both sides the water, while our men were unloading the vessels. The Phoenix brought from Scotland COO bolls of meal, and the Mountjoy, which carries 135 tons, has brought from England her cargo of beef, peas, flour, biscuit, &c., &c., all of the best kind. 20. — Some men were appointed out of each com- pany to bring the provisions on shore and to carry them to the store-houses. OF LONDONDERRY. SOS 30. — Nothing worth note. 31. — This night the enemy decamped, left the siege, and burned a great many houses iff the county of Derry and elsewhere. August 1. — I went to see my farm ; the roof of my house was smoking in the floor, and the doors falling off the hinges. 2. — A great number of black cattle were brought from the country for the use of the garrison. 3. — The cows which were taken yesterday were restored to their owners. The enemy were in such haste, that at Lifford they burst three of their great guns, left one of their mortar pieces, and threw many of their arms into the lake. 4. — Major-General Kirk came to Derry, accom- panied by Colonel Stuart and several English officers; they alighted at Bishop’s Gate, and went through Bishop-street, the Diamond, and Butcher-street, to Governor Mitchclburne’s. The Governors, Mitchel- burne and Walker, were with him, one on each hand; the sword and mace were borne before by Lieut.-Col. Capsey and Mr. John Moor ; Alderman Squire and Alderman Cocker had their gowns on, in company with a great many persons of all sorts. A guard was formed on both sides of the street, the officers stand- ing at the head of their poor half-starved soldiers, all the way from Bishop’s Gate to Governor Mitchel- burne’s house, where Major- Gen. Kirk dined. After dinner he, accompanied with the English officers and the officers of the garrison, w r ent to the Windmill. He was mounted on a white mare of Colonel Mitchel- burne’s, which he had saved all the siege. He gave directions for encamping the men who came this day from Inch, and for those who were to come, which done, he and his retinue returned to Inch. 6. — Major- Gen. Kirk and all the army that lay at Inch, except 150 men, came to Derry ; these were left to guard the Island, under the command of Captain 304 ASH’S SIEGE Thomas Barbour. Kirk was quartered at the Bi- shop’s house ; he was received with much joy, the great guns were discharged round the Walls and hedge firing at the Windmill, both by the English and our men, most part of the day. 7. — Beef is now sold at three halfpence per pound, and butter three pence — a great alteration in a short space of time. All things are now plenty in the city. The Englishmen are not suffered to come to the gar- rison, but lie in camp at the Windmill, lest they should take sickness. 8. — A sermon was preached before Major-General Kirk by Mr. John Knox, setting forth the nature of the siege and the great deliverance which, from Almighty God, we have obtained. In the evening all the regiments in the garrison were placed in a rank round the Walls ; they fired thrice, and thrice the great guns were discharged. A proclamation was issued forbidding any to take goods out of the city without license, and that all who were not enlisted and had formerly resided in the country, should repair to their respective habitations before Monday next. 9. — Governor Walker went on board a ship at Derry, bound for England. 10. — A proclamation was made that all who ex- pected pay for the good service they did in defending this garrison, should appear in their arms on Monday next at ten o’clock. 1 1 . — Mr. Christopher Jenny preached before Major- Gen. Kirk ; his text was in Deuteronomy — “ When thou goest forth against the enemy, then keep thee from every wicked thing.” He advised the General and officers to pay the soldiers well, and the soldiers to obey their officers. 12. — All the garrison was drawn out and reduced to four regiments : Col. Henry Monroe’s was joined to Col. T. Lance’s, and five captains who were for- merly in Monroe’s regiment — C. Jenny, Capt. T. Manson, Capt. J. Manson, Capt, T. Ash and Capt. OF LONDONDERRY. 305 W. Hamilton, were joined to Col. Lance’s, and the rest were broke. Col. E. White got Governor Wal- ker’s regiment; Col. St. John got Governor Baker’s regiment, and Governor John Mitchelburne kept Antrim regiment whickjhe always commanded. 13. — Capt. F. Graham, out of Mitchelburne’s regi- ment, Capt. T. Ash, out of Col. Lance's regiment, and Capt. J. Gallagher, out of Col. St. John’s, were commanded to the Island of Inch to relieve the Eng- lishmen who were commanded to Derry. There we stayed about a month and returned to Derry. The 10th of September following Col. T. Lance died, and on the 15th Col. Eobt. White died also ; Col. White’s corpse was raised and put into a leaden coffin and carried to England. This is a brief account of the Siege of Dekry, as far as I can recollect. I remained in the city dur- ing the siege, and, God be praised, enjoyed good health the whole time. This Narrative was wrote bv me, THOMAS ASH. / THE HISTORY OF DERRY. Derry, means a “ place of oaks” or a “ thick wood/' Its original appellation was Derry* Calgach' — the “ oak wood of Calgach.” The name Calgach signifies a “ fierce warrior,” a name rendered by Tacitus as Galgacus. After the tenth century it was called Derry- Columbkille. By the charter of King James the First it was named the City of Londonderry. Its latitude is 54° 59’ N. and longitude 70° 19’ W. The city is on the western or Donegal side of the Foyle, about five miles above the junction of that river with Lough Foyle. The situation is equally remarkable for its distinguished local advantages and picturesque features, being a hill nearly insulated by a broad and navigable river, and commanding, on every side, views of a country, rich in natural and cultivated beauty. This “ Hill,” or “ Island, of Derry,” which in troubled times was selected as the natural acropolis of the North, ascends to an elevation of 119 feet and contains 200 acres ; but Londonderry, in its days of prosperity and peace, has spread beyond its natural military boundary, northerly along the bank of the river and on the opposite bank called the Waterside. The river is here 1068 feet wide and forty-three feet 308 HISTORY OF DERRY in depth. The banks of the river are, in many places, bold, and its sheltered waters and decorated shores present a varied succession of cheerful rural scenery, backed by distant mountain ranges. Supereminent in every circumstance, the city itself is the great cen- tral object of attraction. Viewed from whatever side, its elevated and nearly insulated position — its ranges of buildings, ascending above each other from the water’s edge, and terminated by its lofty spire — its time-worn battlements — its long connecting line of bridge — all combine in composing pictures at once novel and striking. And, whether it be regarded in relation to its singular picturesqueness, or to its historical associations, Londonderry is, perhaps, equally superior to every other city in the British empire. CHAPTER I. EARLIEST ACCOUNTS OF DERRY AND ITS VICINITY. The most ancient names of the district, including the Parish of Templemore, were Farran Neid, or the land of Neid, and Tir Ely, or the country of Aileach. The former name was derived from Neid Maclndai,a provincial king of the Tuatha-de-Dananns, who had his palace on the hill called Grainan Ely, and the latter name was derived from the palace of that monarch. In relation to the state of Derry in Pagan times nothing certain is recorded. Patrick, the evangelizer of the north of Ireland, visited the royal residence on Grainan a.d. 443. At the commencement of the fifth century the monarch Niall, of the Nine Hostages, partitioned a large portion of Ireland among his twelve sons. This district became the patrimony of his son Owen, from whom it received the name of Inishowen, or Owen’s Island. The ancient and natural boun- dary of this peninsula extended from Castleforward to Carrigans, including the whole of the present parish of Derry or Templemore. Connell, also a HISTORY OF DEIiRY 309 son of Niall the Great, was ancestor of t-lie Kinel- Connell, or tribe of Connell, from whom the country of Tirconnell (now county Donegal) received its name. It is certain that Inishowen was anciently the original territory of the Kinel-Owen, or tribe of Qweo, and that after the O’Neills, the chief family of this race, had forced their wa} r , by conquest, into the more sou- thern territory, called after them Tirone, this original district formed a portion of the territory of the O’Gormlys, chiefs of the Kinel-Meon, a branch of the same stock. After the fall of the monarchy in the twelfth century, however, the increasing power of the Kinel- Connell enabled them, after much conten- tion, to add this district to their ancient possessions, and place the 0’Dohert} r s, a distinguished family of that race, over it as tributary chiefs. While we have no very exact account of the circumstances connected with its occupation by this family, the Irish annals afford such evidences as* are sufficient to show that it must have been about the commencement of the fif- teenth century, for it is at this period that they, for the first time, add the title of lord of Inishowen , to that derived from their more ancient patrimony. This will appear from the following extracts from the Annals of the Four Masters : — 1342. — “Donnell O’Doherty, chief of Ardmoidhair and the cantred of Tir-Enda, a man abounding in hospitality and valour, died.” 1359. — “John O’Doherty, chief of Ardmoidhair, was killed at Ballyshanny — [Ballyshannon.]” 1407. — “Owen O’Doherty, heir to the chieftain- ship of Ardmoidhair, died.” 1413. — “Conor O’Doherty , chief of Ardmoidhair, and Lord of Inishowen, a man full of generosity and general hospitality to the poor and needy, died.” This is the first notice of an O’Doherty as lord of Inishowen which occurs in these Annals. Hencefor- ward they appear to have held it as tributary lords, sometimes under the O’Neill, but usually under the 3 10 HISTORY OF DERRY. O’Donnell, till it was confiscated in the seventeenth century. The possession of the territory was contested fiercely and with great loss of life by the O’Neill and the O’Donnell — the rival chiefs of the great races of Kinel-Owen and Kinel-Connell — till the year 1512, when O’Neill was forced to renounce “ every claim which had been disputed between their ancestors, of the rents of Kinel-Meon, Inishowen and all Fer- managh.” During these contests the O’Doherty was obliged to pay chief rent to the party uppermost. The rent exacted by the O’Neill was sixty milch cows ; that paid to the O’Donnell, sixty beeves and sixty milch cows; and they were bound to send sixty horsemen and 120 foot soldiers to the held, and en- tertain his bonnaghis , or hired auxiliaries, however numerous, for the space of nine nights. Previously to the commencement of the fifteenth century, Derry and its parishes were chiefly inhabited by the tribe of the Kinel-Owen, or descendants of Owen. Of these the MacLoughlins, the direct de- scendants of Owen, and eldest branch of the northern Hy-Niall were originally of the highest rank in the kingdom, but sunk under the rival and kindred house of O’Neill in the thirteenth century, and still lower under the O’Dohertys in the fifteenth. After this period Derry received a portion of the families of the race of the Kinel-Connell into its population, which thus, till the plantation by Docwra, consisted of two great tribes of the same race. Beside those already named, some of the other most numerous Irish names here were O’Diarmid, O’Deary, O’Caireal- lain, O’Gowan, O’Cawell, O’Brollaghan, O’Gallagher and MacDaid. The name of O’Donnell originated in the tenth century from Donnell thirteenth in descent from Connell-Gulban. From a family of the Kinel-Owen, named MacRoverty , now Magrorty, the townland of Ballymagrorty derives its name. It for- merly included Springliill and Whitehouse and pro- bably Sheriff’s Mountain and Springtown. HISTORY OF DERRY. 311 CHAPTER II. IRISH ANTIQUITIES. Section I. — The only vestige of Pagan sepulture known in the parish is on the summit of Holywell Hill, three miles west from Derry, which is occupied by the remains of a cairn , about forty feet in di- ameter. In the centre there is a small pil, three feet square and four feet deep, formed by four large stones, and had, no doubt, a covering one laid on them, as is usual in such sepulchral chests, or kistvaens, as they are called in England and Wales. The rock forms the bottom of the sepulchre, called the Holy Well, from a little rain water being generally found in it. In Ballymagrorty there is a small cromleac. Section II. — Of ancient military remains several are raths, or earthen forts. One, in Ballynagard to which townland it probably gave its name — the town of the guard — is on the west of Culmore Fort. The Grainan of Aileach, i.e. “ Fortress of Stones,” before mentioned as a royal palace, is over four miles W. N. W. from Derry on the summit of a small mountain 802 feet high rising from the east shore of Lough Swilly S. E. of Inch. It was surrounded by three concentric ramparts formed of earth, mixed with uncemented stones, and there is reason to believe that the whole hill was originally inclosed by other ramparts. Those that remain were passed through by an ancient road between two ledges of natural rock, in order to arrive at the cashel or keep of the fortress which commands one of the most extensive and beautifully varied panoramic prospects to be found in Ireland. The cashel enclosed an area of seventy-seven feet in diameter. The circular wall is thirteen feet thick. On each side of the only entrance gateway, which is on the east, there are galleries five teet high covered by large stones within the thickness of the wall, extending in length to one- half of its entire circuit, and terminating at its nor- thern and southern points. They do riot communicate 312 HISTORY OF DERRY. with the gateway, hut have entrances from the area at their northern and southern extremities. At a height of five feet from the base, on the interior face of the wall, the thickness is diminished thirty inches by a terrace, the ascent to which was by staircases. It is most probable that there were originally a suc- cession of three or four such terraces, ascending to the top, or platform, of the wall. The masonry of this great work is similar to that of many other Irish cashels or cahirs. The stones are of polygonal forms, adjusted to fit each other, and wholly uncemented. It is quite evident that they have been in many parts squared with the hammer, but not chiseled. The Grainan of Aileach was one of the most re- markable and important works of its kind ever erected by the ancient Irish — the palace of the nor- thern Irish kings from the earliest age of historic tradition down to the commencement of the twelfth century — and, consequently, such a careful examina- tion of its vestiges as should help to convey a clear idea of its original form, structure and extent, would give the best evidence, now attainable, of the style of military building known to the Irish at the remotest period of their history. If any reliance could be placed on Irish chronology, it would follow that the anti- quity of this building would be very great indeed — no less than upwards of a thousand years before the Christian era. That the Irish were acquainted with stone buildings before the arrival of the Danes and English is proved by their having had distinct terms to denote builders with stone and earth, and by their making a true distinction between the cashel , or stone fortress, of Aileach, and the rath, or earthen one, of Temur, as the existing remains of both places sufficiently tes- tify. Another fact of great importance is that this erection was not ascribed to that dubious race — the Milesians — but to the Tuatha-de-Dananns, stated to have been a Greek colony, wdiose historic reality is generally acknowledged to stand on a more solid basis. HISTORY OF DERRY 313 The following historical notices, relative to its demolition, appear in the various Irish annals : — 674. — “ Aileach-Frinin was destroyed by Fins* neachta, the son of Donchadh [King of Ireland].” 937. — “ Aileach-Frinin was demolished [according to the Four Masters plundered] by the Danes.” 1101. — “ Murtagh O’Brien, King of Munster, at the head of the forces of Leinster, Ossory, Meath and Connaught, marched with a great army across Easroe [Ballyshaimon], and proceeded into Inish- owen, which he plundered and ravaged ; and he burned many churches and fortresses about Fahan-Mura and Ardstraw, and demolished the Grainan of Aileach , in revenge of the destruction and demolition of Kincora, by Donnell MacLoughlin, some time before [1088], and he ordered his army to bring from Aileach to Limerick a stone of the demolished building for every sack of provisions ichich they had with them.” — ( An- nals of the Four Masters. J This destruction of Aileach, like that of E mania, was regarded as an epoch in Irish history. In about three hundred years after this, in the early part of the fifteenth century, the castles of Burt, Inch and Elagh were built byNeactan O’Donnell, for his father- in- law, O’Dohert}^, and were obviously designed for the defence of Inishowen. Sir Henry Docwra, after landing at Culmore, 18th May, 1600, took possession of the Castle of Elagh, which Sir John O’Doherty had abandoned, and garrisoned it with 150 men. They were attacked by the O’Dohertys on 28th June following, when Sir Henry Docwra and Sir John Chamberlaine, with forty horse and 500 foot, hastened to their aid, and in pursuing the Irish the former had his horse shot under him, and the latter lost his life. On the death of Sir John O’Doherty, in December of the same year, Elagh Castle was restored to his son, Sir Cahir, who was appointed chief by Docwra, but in eight years after he entered into that rebellion which deprived himself of life and his race of property.. z 14 HISTORY OF DERRY Culmore Fort was granted so early as 1556 by Queen Mary, but when Docwra landed he found only the butt-end of the old broken castle, around which, in six days, he raised a fort. Captain Hart was ap- pointed to the custody of Culmore in 1605. In 1608 it was gained by Sir Cahir, treacherously, but rebuilt by the Londoners 1610 at a cost of AT500. Governor Lundy having given directions for its desertion by the garrison, it was surrendered to the army of King James on the 23d April, 1689. Section III. — The remains of buildings erected by the aboriginal Irish for ecclesiastical purposes are now scarcely to be traced. The churches of Killea, Enagh and Cloonej 7 , are the only ruins left. The Church of Columb was erected a.d. 546, but from 1164 it was called the Black Abbey, to distinguish it from the Temple More, then built for a Cathedral by Bradley, the first Bishop of Derry, who had pre- viously been styled coarb of Columbkille. This Bradley was appointed bishop, in 1158, by Gille- berfc, or Gelasius, his friend, in a council of bishops, held in Meath. These two churches were outside the present City Walls, on the ground now principally occupied by the Homan Catholic Chapel and grave- yards. With the exception of the Round Tower Belfry, they were partly destroyed by an explosion of gunpowder in 1568. A Nunnery was founded in Derry in 1218 on the south side of the city. The Dominican Abbey was founded in 1274. It contained 150 friars previous to its suppression. It was on the north side of the city, outside the present Walls. The Augustinean Church was the only one preserved on the erection of the new city. It was repaired and used by the Londoners previous to the erection of tiie present Cathedral. It was within the Walls, on the spot now T occupied by the Bishop's garden. The Franciscan Friary of Begging Friars had attached to it a churchyard of about three acres, now occupied Abbey* street, William- street and Rosville-street. HISTORY OF DERRY 315 There were three wells adjacent to a remarkable stone, with oval hollows, still in the street called the Wells. One was called after Adamnan, another after Martin, and the third after Columb. Previous to its occupation b} r the English, the town of Derry consisted almost exclusively of churches, and the houses of the monks and clergy. The for* mer were of stone, and the latter of wood or mud. CHAPTER III. IRISH ANNALS OF DERRY. The contents of this chapter will afford striking evidences of the continuation here, to a comparatively recent period, of the original institutions of the Irish, with the consequent insecurity of life and property, and the misery and confusion resulting from such a social system. 516. — Cauice, or Kenny, born here. Kilkenny {i.e. Kenny’s Church) derives it name from him. He was an intimate friend of Columbkille, and died at Aghaboe, in Ossory, in 599. 521. — Columbkille {i.e. Columb of the Churches) born at Gartan, near Letterkenny. He died 9th June, 596 or 597, at Iona. 595. — Baithen, one of Columb’s twelve associates, who accompanied him from Derry to Iona, and suc- ceeded him in the abbacy of Iona, died. The silence of the annalists as to the successors of Columb, in Derry, for more than two centuries, is ac- counted for by the loss of its ancient chronicles. 703 — Adamnan, abbot of Iona and Raplioe, died at Iona. 724. — Caochscuile, scribe of Derry-Calgach, died. 783. — Derry-Calgach was burned. 832. — “ Niall Caille and Murchadh defeated the foreigners at Derry-Calgach, with great slaughter that is, the Danes and Norwegians, by whom Ire- land was first infested in 795. — ( Annals of the Four Masters. ) 16 HISTORY OF DERRY 852.— Inclreachtach O’Finclitain, coarb of Columb- kille, an eminent sage, suffered martyrdom from the Saxons.— ( Ibid.J 919. — Cinaeth, the son of Donnell, abbot of Derry - Calgach and Drumhome, the head of the religions of Kinel-Connell, died. 925. — Maolbrigh, coarb of Patrick, Columbkille and Adamnan [abbot of Armagh, Derry and Raphoe], head of the piety of Ireland, and of the greater part of Europe, died, at a venerable old age. 927.— Canoncomhrac, abbot and bishop of Derry- Calgach, and keeper of the canons of Adamnan, died. 936. — Dubhthach, coarb of Columbkille and Adam- nan, in Ireland and Scotland [that is — at Derry and Raphoe and Iona], died. 937. — Finachtach, coarb of Derry, a bishop and a sage, skilled in the old language of Ireland, died. .Aileach plundered by the Danes. 948. — Maolfinnen, the learned bishop of Derry- Calgach, died. 949. — Cleircen, erenach of Derry- Cal gacli, rested in peace. — (Annals of Ulster.) 950. — Adland, coarb of Columbkille, died. He was of the royal family of Tirconnell, and brother of Donnell, from whom the name of O’Donnell originated. 952. — Robhartach, coarb of Columbkille and Adam- nan, died. 957. — Dubhduin, coarb of Columbkille, died. He was of the Kinel-Fergus, a branch of the Kinel-Owen. (Book of Lecan; f 64.) 962. — Dubhscuile, coarb of Columbkille, died. 967. — “ Aengus, the grandson of Robhartach, an- chorite of Derry-Calgach, and Cineath, the grandson of Cathmaol, erenach of Derry-Calgach, died within the same month.” — See 952.- — (Annals of the Four Masters.) 985.— “Maolciaran, coarb of Columbkille, suffered martyrdom from the Danes, in Dublin.” 988. — Dunchadh, coarb of Columbkille and Adam- nan, died. HISTORY OF DERRY 317 988. — “ Dubhdaleth, coarb of Patrick, assumed the courtship of Columbkilie by the suffrage of the Irish and Scots” — that is, he became Superior over the Houses of Columb in Ireland and Scotland. 989. — Derry- Calgach plundered by the foreigners. 997. — Derry- Calgach plundered by the foreigners, 1025. — Maoleoin, coarb of Derry- Columbkilie, died. This is the first notice in the Annals of the Four Masters in which the name of Derry appears as Derry - Columbkilie. 1062. — Giolla-.Chriost O’Muldorry, coarb of Columb- kilie, both in Ireland and in Scotland, died. The O’Muldorrys were princes of Tyrconnell preceding the O’Donnells. 1095. — “ The abbey was consumed by fi re."— (An- nals of Munster J) 1096. — Eogan Kearney, erenach of Derry, died. 1098 — Domhnall O’Robhartaich, coarb of Columb- kilie, died. — See 967. 1100. — A large fleet of foreigners wns brought by Murtagh O’Brien to Derry; they were opposed by the son of MacLoughlin, who defeated them, with great slaughter, both by the sword and drowning. 1101. — Murtagh O’Brien, King of Munster, with an army from Leinster and Connaught, plundered and ravaged Inisliow T en. 1112 — .Congalagh MaeConchaiile, of the Kinel Binny, a tribe of the Kinel- Owen, erenach of Derry, died, after great penitence, aged ninety-four. 1120. — Giolla MacLaig, the son of Rory, better known by the latinized name of Gelasius , became, at the age of thirty-three, erenach , or coarb , or abbot. He filled the episcopal chair of Armagh from 1137 for thirty- eight years, and died in 1174, aged eighty- seven. — (See 1158.) 1121. - — Donnell MacLoughlin, monarch of Ireland, died in Derry- Columbkilie in the 38th year of his reign, aged seventy-seven. 1124. — Ardgar, heir to the throne of Aileagk, was x2 318 HISTORY OF DERRY killed by the people of Derry in defence of ColumV kille. — {Query by the clergy in defence of the churches?] 1134. — Bebinn Mac Conchaille, female, erenagh of Derry, died. 1135. — Derry-Columbkille, with its churches, was burned. — [Query to revenge the death of Ardgar?} 1146. — “A violent tempest, on 3d December, threw down sixty trees in Derry- Columbkille, by which many persons were killed and disabled in the church.” 1156. — Pope Adrian III., by a bull, granted Ire- land to King Henry II. of England. 1158. — The Annals of the Four Masters relate: — “ That an assembly was held by the Irish clergy, at Brigh-mac-Taidhg, in Meath, at which were present twenty-five bishops, together with the apostolic legate, for the purpose of establishing ecclesiastical disci* pline and the improvement of morals. In this as- sembly the clergy of Ireland, and the coarb of St. Patrick, decreed, by common consent, that a bishop’s chair and the supreme superintendence of all the abbeys in Ireland [that is, of the Columbian order] should be given to the coarb of St. Columbkille, Flagherty Bradley. The bishops of Connaught set out on their way to this synod, but they were robbed and beaten, and two of their people killed by the soldiers of Dermot O’Melaghlin, King of Meath, at the wooden bridge at Clonmacnoise, after thej T had passed through the town; they then returned home. 5 ’ This council was presided over by Gelasius, who was distinguished not less for abilities and virtues than for the zealous assistance which he rendered in establishing the discipline and influence of the Church of Borne in Ireland. Colgan relates that “ Gelasius caused Flagherty Bradley, a student of Derry, and formerly his disciple while he presided over that com- munity, to be promoted to the episcopal dignity.” 1161. — O’Loughlin led an army into Meath, and eceived hostages from the men of Ireland, and to Haglieity Bradley, coarb of Columbkille, were given HISTORY OF DERRY 319 up the tributes and government of the churches of Columbkille in Meath and Leinster. 1162. — Flagherty Bradley, and O’Loughlin King of Ireland, removed eighty houses from the Abbey Church, and erected a cashel { i.e . a circular wall), or fort round it; and in 1164 they erected the Temple More, or Great Church. 1166. — Derry-Columbkille w-as burned as far as the church called Duv-Regles,i.c. Black Abbey Church, by Rory O’Morna. 1169. — The English invaded Ireland under Strong- bow’s leadership, who was followed by King Henry the Second in 1171. 1172. — The Church in Ireland now first becomes subject to the Roman See. 1177. — Donagh O’Caireallain and the Clan-Ber- mot burned the house in which O’Gormly was, in the middle of Derry-Columbkille, and slew him in the doorway. Satisfaction was afterwards made to th© clergy by valuable gifts. 1178. — A violent storm prostrated 120 trees in Derry. 1180. — The O'Gormlys killed Randal O’Caireal- lain in the middle of Derry-Columbkille. 1195. — The church of Derry was plundered by Rury, the son of Donslevy, and the English ; but soon after his whole army was cut to pieces at Armagh. 1196. — Murtagh O’Loughlin, heir to the throne of Ireland killed by O’Kane at the instigation of the Kinel-Ow r en. 1197. — Rostel Payton, with English forces, plun- dered from Coleraine to the harbour of Derry, but was pursued by O’Muldorry, and some of the Hy- Niall, who defeated the English and the son of Ard- gar MacLoughlin, in Faughanvale. .MacEtig O’Kane robbed the Temple More and was hanged. .O’Doherty, after O’Muldorry’s death, assumed the government of Tirconnell, but, after reigning one 320 HISTORY OF DERRY month, he was slain , with many others, by John de Hunt. 1 198. — John de Courc} r , of Down, plundered Inish- owen, and Hugh O’Neill burned Larne, and defeated the English there, upon which DeCourcy left Derry. 1203. — Derry was burned from the burial-ground of Saint Martin to the well of Saint Adamnan. 1211. — MacUchtry, with the MacDonnells, in seventy-six ships, destroyed Derry and Xnishowen. 1212. — MacLoughlin slew Donnell Devine in the porch of the church of Derry. 1213. — MacUchtry and MacDonnell plundered Derry and its church of the jewellery of the people of Derry and of the north of Ireland. .O’Kane came to storm the Mac Loughlin’s house at Derry, The vicar, who interposed, was killed. Mahon Magaithne, who collected the force, w r as killed in the porch of the Black Abbey Church, 1214. - — MacUchtry got a grant from King John of O’Neill’s country of Tyrone. He is styled in the charter, Thomas de Gailowaj^, Earl of Athol. .Hugh MacLoughlin having committed depre- dation upon the coarb of Columbkille, his being slain a j r ear after, by the English, was looked on by the Irish as a miracle of retribution. 1222. — O’Neill plundered Derry. He did not live long after, which was considered by the Irish annal- ists as another of their many miracles of vengeance. 1261. — Sixteen clergy slain, at Derry, by Conor O’Neill and Conor O’Freel. O’Neill was afterwards slain by O’Breslan, of Fanad, furnishing our Irish annalists with another miracle. 1297. — The establishment of the episcopal chair at Derry, instead of Ardstraw or Maghera, was fixed about this period. The names of the Bishops of Derry succeeding Bradley, or O’Brolchain, were three of the sept O’Caireallain, followed by MacLough- lin, O’Neill, MacLoughlin, Quaplod, Donald, O’Flana- gan, Weston, O’Fallon, MacMahon, Hogeson, O’Don- nell and O’Gallagher. From this date, till 1395, HISTORY OF DERRY 321 the bishops were appointed by the King's conge d'elire, with the usual election by the Dean and Chapter. After 1395 the Popes often provided the bishops of Derry till the death of the last Homan Catholic Bi- shop, Redmond O’Gallagher, who was killed by the English in 1601. After his death, and the transfer of the ecclesiastical property, the See of Derry ap- pears to have been without a Roman Catholic Bishop for upwards of a century. 1306. — The Bishop of Derry sued the Bishop of Raphoe for a messuage and ten carucats of land, and 1,000 acres of pasture in Derry-Columbkille. 1311. — King Edward II. grants the towns of Derry and Loughlappan to Richard de Burgo, Earl of Ulster. [These two last notices indicate that previously to the revolt of O’Neill, in 1333, Derry was under toler- able government.] 1318 — John O’Neill was slain by O’Donnell, at Derry; and Mac Donnell, and many others, were drowned. 1531. — Sir Odo O’Donnell, Lord of Tirconnell, being sick, deputed Freel, abbot of Derry, with Richard O’Grayhan, who accordingly renewed for him his oath of allegiance to Henry the Eighth, at Drogheda, before the Lord Deputy, Skeffington. 1537. — Niall O’Doherty slain in a nocturnal ag- gression, by Rory O’Doherty, in “ the town of the canons” — now called Ballymagowan. CHAPTER IY. ANNALS OF DERRY FROM ITS OCCUPATION BY THE ENGLISH. 1566. — On the rebellion of Shane O’Neill, Earl of T\ r rone, against Queen Elizabeth, the Lord Deputy Sydney advanced with an army against him, having sent Edward Randoll with seven companies of foot and a troop of horse, by sea, to Derry, in order to fall on the enemy in the rear. Shane drew all his forces to 322 HISTORY OF DERRY dislodge Ran doll, wdio gave him such a defeat that he was never after able to make any resistance. Ran- doll being killed, was succeeded in command by Edward St. Low, who abandoned the place, in 1588, in consequence of an accidental explosion of the powder magazine by which the town and fort were blown up, the provisions destroyed, and many lives lost. The Black Abbey and the Temple More were also thereby reduced to ruins, and their materials w r ere afterwards, in 1 600, employed by Dowcra in erecting his works at Derry. 1600. — Lord Mountjoy (Charles Blount)being Lord Deputy, Sir Henry Docwra, with a force of 4,000 foot and 200 horse, entered Lough Foyle, effected a land- ing at Cuimore, and in six days afterwards took Derry without opposition. Of this force 3,000 foot and all the horse were levied in England ; the other thou- sand foot w T ere taken from the old companies about Dublin. [For Sir Henry Docwra’ s narrative of his proceed- ings in securing Cuimore and Derry, the reader is referred to the Ordnance Survey Memoir of London - derr} r , published in 1837, from which the preceding local annals are abridged.] 1603-4. — After Sir Henry Docwra had planted a colony at Derry, the war being terminated, the gar- rison w r as reduced to a few hundred men. Docwra sold his house, land, &c., to George Pawlett, a gentle- man of Hampshire, for much less than they had cost; and having conferred on him the vice-provostship, returned to England. The title of Lord Docwrra of Cuimore, was bestowed on Dowcra in 1621. His fa- mily was of ancient respectability in York. His daughter, Elizabeth, v r as third wife of Sir Henry Brooke, Brookeborough, Fermanagh. Lord Docwra died 18th April, 1631, and was buried in Christ Church, Dublin. With the exception of the churchlands, Sir John HISTORY OF DERRY 323 O’Doherty was in possession of the townlands within the parish. These townlands were Ballyarnett, Bally - magrorty, Coshquin, Laharden and Elaghmore — all confirmed to him, by letters patent, in the 30th Eliza- beth; but in 1599, he having rebelled and forefeited Inishowen, it was afterwards re-granted to his son, Sir Caliir, “ the said quarter of Ballyarnett and half of Laharden, on which Culmore Castle is built, ex- cepted.” 1608. — Sir Cahir also rebelled, and having taken Culmore Fort by treachery, and Derry by surprize, early in the morning of the first of May he put the the garrison to the sword and plundered and burnt the town. On the 18th July the career of O’Doherty and his followers was closed by defeat sustained by them from Wingfield, afterwards created Lord Powers- court. After Sir George Pawlett’s death, Sir John Yaughan was governor from 1611 till his death, in 1643. He came to Ireland in 1599, and held a com- mand under Dowcra. Sir Arthur Chichester, Lord Deputy (afterwards Lord Chichester), was first Governor of Culmore after the Plantation. By letters patent, in the 19th of James the First, he received the territory of Inish- owen which he leased to Fortescue, Usher, Beresford, and Points, and to their heirs and assigns. 1605. — George Montgomery, a Scotchman, bishop till he was removed to Meath in 1610, 1609. — On an Inquisition, taken by the English, at Limavaddy, on 30th August, relative to church pro- perty, by a jury, composed of fifteen gentlemen of the principal septs of the country, “ tnuchiuge the originall and difference of corbes and herenaghes, and of the terinon lands of the said countie of Colrane, the said jurors doe, uppon their oathes, finde and say, that Doneli M‘Hugh O’Neale, tinge of Ireland [in 635],did,longe before any bushopps were made in the said kingdome of Ireland, give unto certaine holy men. 324 HISTORY OF DERRY whom they call Saneti Patres, several portions of land and a third parte of all the tiethes, to the end they should say praiers and beare a third parte of the chardge of repairinge and mainteyning the parishe church, thother twoe third parts beinge borne by the parson and viccar, to whom the rest of the tiethes 13 yerely paied, and alsoe for their owne honor and sus- tentation ; and that afterwards the said holy men did give unto several 1 septs, several 1 proportions of the said lands, and placed one or more of them in everie parishe, and withall gave unto him a third parte of the tiethes of that parishe, to hould both the said land, and the third parte of the tiethes, for ever, accordinge to the course of tanistrie, free from all exactions, and that for that cause the land was called termon, or free, and the tennant thereof sometymes called corbe, andsomotymes herenagh,and that the said corbe or herenagh was to bear a third part® of the chardge in repairinge and maynteyninge the parishe church, and that the said portion of land, and the thirde parte of the tiethes soe contynued free unto the corbe or herenagh, for many yeres, until) the Church of Rome established bushopps in this king- dome, and decreed that everie corbe or herenagh should give unto the bushopp (within whose dioces lie lived) a yerely pension, more or less, accordinge to his proportion out of his entire erenachie, consist- inge of the said land and the said third parte of the tiethes, and that thereunto the said corbes and here- naghes submitted themselves, but held their herenaghie free for ever, and could not be removed by any of the temporall or spirituall lords, or any other person what- soever.” On another Inquisition, taken at London- derry, on 1 st September, in the same year,“ the jurors doe, upon their oathes,finde and present that all termon and herenagh land, within the said countie, was att the first given by Columbkill and the succeeding abbots unto the severall septs before any bushopps were kno wne to be in this countrie, and that the said land was free HISTORY OF DERRY 325 and had the privileges of sanctuarie and other liber- ties, and was enjoyed by the sept in course of gavel- kynde.” 1609. — An agreement entered into with the Corpo- ration of London to rebuild Derry, and that the liber- ties of the city should extend three miles every way. 1610-11. —Brutus Babington, of Cheshire, and Christopher Hampton, who was born in Calais, suc- cessively Bishops. Hampton was promoted to the Primacy of all Ireland in 1613. 1612-13. — The Irish Society formed under the name of “ The Society of the Governor and Assistants, London, of the New Plantation in Ulster.” By their Charter was granted to them the towns of Derry and Coleraine, with 4,000 acres, besides bog and moun- tain at Derry, and 3,000 acres at Coleraine, and the fishings and ferries of the rivers Foyle and Bann. The Society to maintain a garrison in Culmore Cas- tle for ever. The last Governor of Londonderry and Culmore, Field-Marshal John, Lord Strafford, ap- pointed in 1832, died in 1860, when the office was abolished. The Society were to fortify and enclose Derry (from henceforth to be called Londonderry,) with stone walls. The citizens of Londonderry were, by the same Charter, incorporated by the name of “ The Mayor, Commonalty and Citizens,” which Cor- poration continued, except during the interruptions of the Commonwealth and the reign of James II., to exercise their powers, and appointed the two She- riffs of the city and county till the Municipal Beform Act, in 1841. They returned two members to the Irish Parliament, and, since the Union, one member to the Imperial Parliament, elected by Freemen, whose creation, by the Corporation, was unlimited, until the Beform Bill of 1832, when restrictions were imposed and a new class of voters, called Househol- ders, added to the constituency. 1613. — John Tanner, a native of Cornwall, Bishop. 326 HISTORY OF DERRY He died in 1615, and was buried in the Augustinean Church, then used as a cathedral. The Arms of Londonderry, as represented in the corporate seal of 1613, preserved in the office of Arms, are a skeleton, seated on a bank or rock, with a tower on the dexter side, supposed by some to allude to the fate of Sir Cahir, the destroyer of Derry in 1608, as having been starved to death in his tower, at Bun- crana. It is certain that Cahir did not meet this fate, and that these arms appertained to the city before his death. The original grant by Ulster King of Arms, in 1613, states that “ The armes of y e Cittie of Derrie were, at first, when the Ho We Sir Henry Docwra, knight, made the plantation thereof against the arch-traytoure Hugh, sometime earle of Tyrone, the picture of Death (or a skeleton), sitting on a mas- sive ston, and in the dexter point a castle. And foras- much as that cittie was most trayterouslie sacked and destroyed by S r Cahire (or S r Charles) O’Dogharty, and hath since been, as it were, raysed from the dead by the worthy undertaking of the ho^e cittie of London, in memory whereof it is henceforth called and known by the name of Londonderrie, I have, at the request of John Kowley, now first mayor of that cittie and the commonaltie of the same, set forth the same armes, w th an addition of a chief and armes of London, as here appeareth. “ Dan. Moline aux, “ 1st June, 1613.” “ Ulster King.” [Arms. — See title page.] 1615 — April 9. — A conspiracy of a few of the prin- cipal Irish gentlemen of the North was discovered by Sir Thomas Phillips. They were brought to trial at Derry Assizes, when six of them, who were near kinsmen to O’Neill, were executed. 1616. — The city of London presented to the Mayor of Derry an “ Andrea Farara ” sword. It is still preserved. .George Downham, of Cheshire, Bishop He died at Derry, on 17th April, 1634, and was HISTORY OF DERRY 327 buried in the Augustinean Church, which has long since disappeared. 1617. — Matthias Springham, a Londoner, at his own expense, erected the original Free School-house. .The Walls of Derry laid out and built? under direction of Thomas Raven, at a cost of £8,357- A dry ditch, eight feet deep and thirty broad, ran from the west end of the city along the south to the water side, being more than half the circuit of the Walls, which cost, with other fortifications and plat- forms, £2,300, all defrayed by the city of London, as were also sums of £558 for arms ; £40 for mounting ordnance; and £14,470 for building 111 houses in Derry from 1609 till 1629. 1622. — The first Market-house built by the Lon- doners for £500. It stood sixty-seven years, when it was destroyed by bombs during the siege of 1689. 1628. — Commissioners appointed by Charles I., to inquire into and report on the Londoners’ Plantation, report — “ We have viewed all the fortifications in and about the city of Londonderry, and do find a stone wall of twenty feet high, well Tampered within with earth, and eight bulwarks ; but the city itself is so ill situated that both the Walls, houses, and streets lie open to the command of any shipping that shall come to the harbour, and also to divers hills about the town, and to many other inconveniences, so that it is not a place of defence, nor tenable, if any foreign enemy were to come before it.” 1631 — Downham, Bishop of Derry, published a “ Treatise on the Covenant of Grace.” Laud sup- pressed it in England, and caused Ussher to do the same in Ireland. 1633. — The Cathedral, which is also the Parish Church of St. Columb, erected under the superinten- dence of Sir John Vaughan, at a cost of £4,000, stands on the summit of the Hill of Derry — a site previously 32S HISTORY OF DERRY unoccupied by any religious structure. This Protes- tant Cathedral was used by the Covenanters in 1644, and probably by the Independents during the Com- monwealth. The Episcopalian and the Presbyterian defenders of Derry used it alternately in 1689. The architectural style of this church originally ap- proached that of the perpendicular or Tudor. It was not much interfered with until after 1803. Since that time the present spire, domes, pinnacles, crosses and other modern decorations, have been added. At first it had a spire of wood, leaded, but it decayed and was removed before the siege, during which the lead was used for bullets. A new spire, erected in 1778, had to be taken down in 1802. In 1638 eight bells were presented to the Cathedral by King Charles the First. Those were re-cast by the Corporation of Derry in 1813. On the sill of the east window is the following inscription : — “ This City was besieged by the Irish army the 18 of April, 1G8D> and continued so till the first of August following, being then re- lieved with Provisions by Major Generali Kirk. On the 7th of May, about one in the morning, the besiegers forced y e out guards of y« Garrison, & Intrenched themselves on the Windmill hill, comanded by Brigadier General Bamsey. Att four the same morning ye Be- sieged attacked ye Irish in their trenches, and after a sharp Engage- ment ye Enemy gave ground and fled. Bamsey, their Generali, was killed with others of Note, the Lord Netterville, Sr Garret Aylmer, Lieut. CollonL Talbot, Major Butler, Son to ye Lord Mountgarret & severall others taken prisoners, with five colours, two of which fell into ye hands of Coll on 1 . John Miehelburne, who placed them as they now stand, with the consent and approbation of his Lordship William King, then Lord Bishop of this City, now his Grace Lord Arch Bishop of Dublin; ye said Collonb Miehelburne being at that time Govern 1 *, to perpetuate y e memory of which Siege, when ye colours shall faile, his Lordship John Hartstrong, now LL Bishop of Derry, at ye request of ye said Colloid. Michelburn, is pleased to give leave that this inscription be placed under the said colours in remembrance of the eminent and extraordinary service then per- formed.” The flags, mentioned in this inscription, stand, one on each side of the east window. The poles and tassels are genuine. The flags were renewed in 1788 and 1839. The large bomb thrown into the city on 10th July, 1689, containing proposals, HISTORY OF DERRY 329 from Hamilton, mentioned in Ash’s Journal, is placed in the vestibule. On the south side of the Church was a porch, now taken down ; and over the door of it, on the outside, was a tablet, which is now placed inside the tower, bearing this inscription : — ANO. DO. 1633. CAR . REGIS 9. IF STONES COVED SPEAK E THEN LONDONS PEAYBE SHOVLD SOVND WHO BVILT THIS CHYRCH AND CITTIE FROM THE GROVNDE. The late Protestant Corporation expended £3,246, from 1805 till 1834, on re-casting the bells and repairs of this church, besides salaries to the organist and bell- ringers. The Irish Society, who have, for centuries, received the rents of the City and the greatest part of the Northwest Liberties, never provided for either canons, vicars-choral, organist, or repairs of this the only church they erected, with the exception of £200, towards rebuilding the present spire, 1803. From the belfry tower, “ where the beacon blazed and the red flag waved, as signal of distress to the loitering ships,” may be viewed all the windings of the Foyle towards the distant ocean, narrowing where its stream was spanned by the Boom. The positions occupied by James’s army round the beleaguered fortress can be distinctly traced, while, on every side, views are “ commanded which, in beauty and magnificence, can scarcely be equalled.” 1634. — John Bramhall, of Yorkshire, appointed Bishop. He was promoted to Armagh at the Res- toration. .In “ Reid’s History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland” (3d Edition, 1853), at page 146 of Yol. I., it is stated that “ under his rule [either Laud’s or Wentworth’s,] the communion table was converted into an altar, railed in, and made the object of ado- a a2 330 HISTORY OF DERRY ration’ 5 In a note on this passage, he quotes, among other reasons given “ by the Bishop of Bath, in 1633, under the sanction of Laud, to show the necessity of railing in the communion table : 4 That there should be some difference between placing the Lord’s table in the church, and the placing of a man’s table in his house. It is not fit the people should sit above God’s table. If it be not railed in it will be subject to many profanations.” These quotations prove it to have been still a table and not an altar. CHAPTER Y. ANNALS OF LONDONDERRY FROM THE REBELLION OF 1641 TILL THE REVOLUTION. 1641. — “In the midst of this general and extended insurrection, Enniskillen was secured by the activity of Sir William Cole, who had succeeded in obtaining precise intelligence of the intended rising so early as Thursday, the 21st of October. Information to this effect he had forwarded to the lord-justices, but his letters were intercepted at Lough Ramar, near the town of Kells. At the same time, he despatched messengers to Derry, Clogher, Glasslough, and to as many of the neighbouring towns and castles as lay within his reach. Sir Frederick Hamilton, then at Derry, received this seasonable notice on Friday, so that this important city, and the town of Newtown - limavady, were secured from surprise, together with a few insulated castles in the immediate vicinity of these places, such as the castles of Culmore, Bel- laghy, Ballycastle near Newtownlimavady, Dungiven, &c. Coleraine was also secured. Shortly after the breaking out of the Rebellion, Sir Wm. and Sir Robt. Stewart, acting upon the commissions received from the king, had embodied about 1,000 men in the counties of Donegal and Tyrone, who were afterwards known by the name of the 4 Lagan Forces.’ With this body they were enabled, not only to hold the insurgents in check, but to succour several towns and castles which were HISTORY OF DERRY 331 closely besieged, and in danger of falling into the hands of the enemy. The 4 Lagan ’ is the name of a large district in the county of Donegal, lying be- tween the Foyle and the Swilly. Sir William Stewart, with a portion of the Lagan forces, proceeded into the barony of Kilmacrenan. They regained possession of Ramelton, and the castle there ; and, supported by the neighbouring garrison of Derry, they effectually checked the further incursions of the Romanists in that quarter. The city of Derry was securely placed under the command of the governor, Sir John Yaughan, KnL So early as the 4tli of November, the lord-justices issued a commission to Alderman Henry Finch, to raise a company of foot for the defence of the city. Not long afterwards Capt. Lawson, having received intelligence that one of his vessels, freighted with butter for France, had been detained at Derry, ob- tained permission from Sir Arthur Tyringham to place his newly raised regiment at Lisburn, under the charge of his two lieutenants, Clugston and Hanna, and of his quartermaster, Stewart ; and having con- siderable property embarked in trade at this critical period, he proceeded to Derry to attend to his mer- cantile concerns. He found the cargo of his ship had been laid up for the use of the inhabitants, then apprehensive of being besieged by the rebels ; and that the vessel itself was £ employed to carry away into Scotland about 500 poor souls, which would have perished, if that occasion had not offered, no other shipping being there resident for the space of six months before.’ Having obtained another commis- sion to raise a company for the defence of the town, Mr. Lawson remained at Derry where the principal part of his property lay. His brother-in-law, Aider- man Henry Osborne, and several other gentlemen, were also commissioned to raise soldiers, so that the city was soon fully garrisoned with seven companies of foot, commanded by the following captains: — Robert Thornton, who was also mayor, Simon Pitt, 332 HISTORY OF DERRY Henry Finch, Henry Osborne, John Kilmer, Robert Lawson, and He wit Finch, whose company was sub- sequently placed under the command of the gover- nor’s son, Captain Henry Vaughan. These com- manders took prompt and efficient measures for the defence of this important post. They entered into a mutual 4 league ’ or agreement for 4 the keepingthereof,and the country adjoining.’ As no his- tory of this ‘maiden city,’ so full of interest to the northern Protestant, has yet appeared, I am tempted to laybefoie the reader, throughout this work, ampler gleanings respecting its earlier state than I might otherwise have done .” — ('ReicVs History of the Pres - hyterian Church. ) Subjoined is a copy of the above-mentioned 44 League,” taken from a very rare and curious pamph- let entitled 44 A true copy of a letter sent from Doe Castle, in Ireland, from an Irish rebel, to Dunkirke,” &c. Lond. 1643, 4to, pp. 5. 44 The League of the Captains of Londonderry for the keeping thereof, and country adjoining : — 44 1. It is concluded by us, whose names are sub- scribed, that we will, from this time forward, stand together for the safe keeping of this city of London- derry and country adjoining, and be helpful in all things concerning the same. 2. It is agreed that on the morrow morning, we will all join together, with a competent number of our men, to expel all such Irish out of the city, as we shall conceive to be need- ful for the safety of this city. 3. That after this is done, that a proclamation be made, that no man or woman so expelled the city shall, upon pain of death, return into this city, or make their abode within two miles of the same. 4. That the morrow morning we take the advice of Sir John Vaughan, and Captain Henry Vaughan ; that we survey the suburbs of this city, and conclude what houses are to be pulled down, and what gardens and orchards are to be cut for annoy- ing the enemy’s approach, and that the same be HISTORY OF DERRY 333 speedily put in execution. 5. That forty men be spared every watch-night to guard the ordnance and the Gates the next day, that twenty men of the main- guard and twenty men of the bye-guard, out of the 200 watches every night. 6. It is thought fit all our companies be drawn forth into the fields, and that the captains and officers shall take a voluntary oath to be true to the King and State, and to keep the city to the expense of his life, and to leave it to the rest of the companies to do the like if they pleased. “ The division of the Walls for each Captain’s quar- ter to make good: — “ 7. Captain Pitt to make good the King’s bulwark to the Ferrigate. 8. Captain Thornton from the Ferrigateto Master Wabion’s bulwark; and they two to make good the Ferrigate. 9. Captain Kilmer from Master Wabion’s bulwark to Chichester’s bulwark, and make good the Shipkey gate. 10. Captain Finch from the end of Chichester bulwark to the Butchers - gate. 11. Captain Osborne from the end of Chiches- ter bulwark to the Butchers-gafe. 12. Capt. Lawson to make good the Prince’s bulwark, and the Bishops- gate to the King’s bulwark. 13. Whoever hath the town- guard, Captain Lawson is to make good his quarter, and the captain of the town’s-guard to make good Captain Lawson’s quarter. 14. Sir John Vaughan and Sir Bobert Stewart to make good the main-guard, and all the inhabitants or residents within the said city, not under the cap- tain’s commands, to repair to the main-guard for the better strengthening thereof, and issuing of sup- plies as occasion shall require. 15. All women and children to keep within doors, and hang out lights in their several houses. 16. Every captain to allow so many men to the cannoneers as shall be requisite, and to give them their names the morrow morning, 17. Every captain to take the oversight of his own quarter, for the repairing of the defects of their several quarters, or other fortifications, with 334 HISTORY OF DERRY the gabions for the cannoneers, which is to be done at the general charge. “ Since the honourable city of London hath sent us fifteen pieces of ordnance, and four w T e had before, in all nineteen pieces, for which, amongst other their goodness towards us, we pray the Lord reward them, and preserve them, and continue His mercy with them, and direct His judgments in these evil times from them, that it may still continue a city flowing with plenty for ever/’ Dr. Eeid continues — “ They repaired the Gates and ramparts, and erected temporary houses of wood within the Walls for the accommodation of the soldiery, who were principally landholders from the surrounding dis- tricts. They sent intelligence of their situation to the King in Scotland, to their landlords, the Corporation of the city of London, who sent them several pieces of ordnance. Four of these guns yet remain, which appear from their inscriptions, to have been granted by the Vintners, Mercers, Grocers, and Merchant Tailors' Companies of London, in 1642. The lord- justices at Dublin despatched thirty barrels of pow- der and a supply of arms, which reached the city in the beginning of December. Assisted by these sea- sonable supplies, they held possession of Derry ; but though unmolested by the enemy, the inhabitants and soldiers, during the winter season, suffered many severe privations. The eyes of the whole empire were now intently directed to the progress of these events in Ulster.” 1642. — Copy of letter sent with a, messenger, by sea, to General Monro, at Carrickfergus : — “ Londonderry, the 27th April, 1642. “ We, of this city of Londonderry and other parts, have either been forgotten, or given over for lost as we conceive ; for all other parts of the kingdom are plentifully supplied, and yet though we have made our wants and miseries known divers times to Dub- HISTORY OF DERRY 335 lin, and to England, and to Scotland, yet no relief ever came to us, but only thirty barrels of powder brought by Captain Boulton from Dublin, long before Christmas, which was partly, upon the arrival thereof, disposed to all needful parts ; and want of powder and arms here hath been our ruin. It is the great providence and goodness of God that we are hitherto preserved, having been so ill armed and provided for. All the arms within his Majesty’s store here were shipped to Dublin last summer, and nothing left here but old decayed calivers which we have hitherto made a shift with, and trimmed them up to our great charges. “We have raised 700 men for the defence of this city, and keep them hitherto at our own charges, in expectation of money and other supplies, but there is not 100 good swords amongst them, and their arms but mean. Sir William Stewart, Sir Bobert Stewart and Sir Ralph Gore, had commissions from his Ma- jesty out of Scotland in November, for raising three regiments, and two horse troops. They lie in the county of Tyrone and thereabout, and so have done all this winter, to oppose the enemy; but, being un- provided for, and not one penny to pay them, they could never attempt any great service. It is much that they keep the enemies from our Walls to this hour ; now our powder is gone, our victuals begin- ning to fail, and these three regiments had been starved long since, if we of this city had not relieved them with beef, butter, herrings and other neces- saries to a great value. But this will hold out no longer, for we have not now victuals enough for our own men in the city. And if a ship of Bristol had not arrived here with some peas, meal and wheat? we could not have shifted longer ; and all that will not last the regiments fourteen days. For* the provision of the country is destroyed by the enemy, or devoured by our own men ; and we are enforced to feed multi- tudes of unserviceable people that are fled hither for relief ; so if the enemy’s sword spare us, famine will 336 HISTORY OF DERRY despatch us, except God in mercy provide for us. But this is not all ; for now, at this very hour, Sir Phelim O’Neill, having gathered from all parts what forces he can make, is with a very great army of horse and foot at Strabane, within ten or twelve miles of this city, intending (by all the intelligence we can get), to set up his rest, and desperately to break in upon us, where all the forces we can make are ready to bid him welcome. “ Sir Phelim on the one side of the river, and ours on the other, in sight one of the other, so as we of this city were enforced not only to send a great part of our men out of the city to join with them, but also unfurnished and parted with what little ‘powder was left us, which, with a little we got out of the Bristol ship, we have sent to encounter the Irish rebels. And now to relieve our fainting spirits, God hath provided for our relief, and sent this bearer, Captain Strange, into Lough Foyle, who being in his Majesty’s service, and sent for the comfort of his Majesty’s distressed subjects, into those parts, we have made a true relation to him of our desperate estate, and the great danger we are in for want of powder and other provision, that we have not only prevailed with him to lend us, for the present, six barrels of powder, but also to set sail for us to Car- rickfergus, to present our wants and dangers we are in to your honourable consideration, most earnestly praying that for the love of God, and honour of our King, and the safety of this place and people, ye will despatch him back again to us with a good and large proportion of powder, match and lead, muskets, swords, pikes, some spades and shovels, whereof we have not any ; and of these or what else may be had, as much as yer can possible spare us, for we want all things fit to defend a distressed country and offend a desperate enemy. “ We also pray that you will restore the captain the six barrels of powder we have borrowed of him ; HISTORY OF DERRY 337 and if there be any biscuit, cheese, or any other vic- tuals to be spared, to send us some good proportion thereof. So being at present in great haste and per- plexity, with our service presented to your honour, we remain your humble servants, &c. — Robert Thorn- ton, Mayor, Henry Osborne, John Vaughan.” “ The situation of Derry, as well as of Coleraine and the other British garrisons in the north-west of Ulster, had become extremely critical. For no sooner had Sir Phelim ascertained that the Scottish forces had returned to Carriekfergus, than again collecting his scattered followers, he set out from Charlemont to occupy his former quarters at Strabane, with the view of expelling the Protestants from Donegal and Tyrone, and if possible obtaining possession of Derry. But he was so vigorously opposed by Sir William and Sir Robert Stewart, that he was not only com- pelled to retire, but the castle of Strabane was re- taken, and several important places, which had for some time been closely besieged in the county of Derry, were relieved by these active and enterprising commanders. The services of the Lagan forces in that district, during the month of May, will be best narrated in the words of one of their own officers, Colonel Audley Mervyn, in his ‘Exact Relation’: — “ ‘Sir Phelim O’Neill drew down to Strabane about 5,000 men, intending to bum Raphoe, and to raise Ennishowen ; and we being, as he absolutely con- ceived, defeated, to draw the other forces to the con- trary side of Lough Fo 3 de, and so assault the Derry. Our regiments, assisted by two strong companies of Captain Pitt’s and Captain Lawson’s of the city of Londonderry, by break of day, were upon march an unusual way to Strabane, thinking to have beset him and his forces which quartered there visibly. But Sir Phelim was newly departed with his forces ; only the castle he committed to Captain Hugh Mur- ragh O’Devin, a bloody fellow, and 100 of his choice musketeers, and 100 pikes, to guard much ot his own B B 338 HISTORY OF DERRY bagg a ge and my Lady Strabane’s goods. But we easily forced the castle, and put the men to the sword ; only Captain O’Devin’s life respited, who is now in the Deny gaol. The castle we left a garrison in, com- manded by Captain Wisher, a discreet gentleman, under the command of Sir William Hamilton. From Strabane we marched upon the O’Cahan’s country, on the other side of Lough Foyle, and, coming over against Derry, four companies of the Derry joined with us to relieve Lymavaddycastle and Ballycastle, which had been ten weeks before strongly beleaguered by great forces, and yet had sallied forth and killed many hundreds of the enemies, being commanded by a resolute young gentleman, Captain Thomas Philips ; his elder brother, Mr. Dudley Philips, being gone about with three boats to bring provision from Derry. That night we were welcome guests to the two castles who despaired of all succour ; next morn- ing we advanced our march into the enemy’s country, where, at Magilligan, we encountered the enemy, the O’Cahans, the Magilligans, the O’Hagans, and the O’Neals ; we killed upwards of 500 of them, and scattered the rest.’ ” — ( Reid.J 1043. — “ When the return of spring afforded more favourable opportunities for prosecuting the war, both Sir William and Sir Robert Stewart, with their regi- ments and those of Colonel Mervyn, Sir Thomas Staples, and certain companies from the garrison of Derry, accompanied by Captain Dudley Philips’ troop of horse, made various incursions, during the month of May, through the counties of Donegal, Derry, and Tyrone, dispersing several small bodies of the rebels, and carrying away large supplies of cattle.” — flbid.J .“ Sir Robert Stewart made Governor of Derry and Culmore by the King. Five companies of the garrison had the honour of contributing to Sir Robt. Stewart’s great defeat of Owen O’Neill, at Clones, on the 13th of June, which was the most disastrous the rebels had hitherto suffered in the province of Ulster, HISTORY OF DERRY 339 most of their arms being taken, and the greater part of the foreign officers, which came over with Owen O’Neill, being either killed or taken prisoners.” — {Carte's Life of Ormoncl.) .“ 2,000 bolls of meal were, at the end of March, sent from the Clyde to Derry, one-half of which was designed for the use of the Lagan forces, and the other half for the garrison of that city/’ — {Reid.) .“On the 16th of October, the English parlia- ment requested the Scottish commissioners to take steps that the covenant £ be taken by all the officers, sol- diers, and Protestants of their nation in Ireland;’ and, at the same time, both Houses pledged them- selves that the English Protestants and commanders there should join with the Scots in that bond.” — (Ibid,) .“ Towards the close of the year, the parlia- ment having taken the covenant, the London adven- turers sent over an agent, with letters, desiring it to be taken within their plantation.” — (Carte.) 1644. — “ ‘ In March came over, by the Assembly’s appointment, Masters James Hamilton, Wm. Adair, John Weir and Hugh Henderson very soon after one another. But as this work had little or no resistance hitherto appearing, so now some were stirred up against it. Sir Robert Stewart, with Mr. Humphrey Galbraith, were using the same endeavours about Derry, having heard that the ministers, upon invita- tion from some people, were coming there. But a greater opposition met them from Derry. For, com- ing the length of the Muff, they received a message and letter from the Mayor of Deny, one Thornton, and from Colonel Mervyn, prohibiting their coming there upon their peril. Yet they, considering they had invitation from a well- affected people to go there, and that God had signally appeared for them in car- rying on that work in all places they had been in, went forward, not intimating to their company their discouragements. Whereupon their convoy leaving 340 HISTORY OF DERRY them they went on, and being met by Captain Law- son (one or those who had invited them), they were brought over the ferry to his house, which was with- out the Wall, not knowing how to enter the town. But Providence appeared for them ; for Sir Frederick Hamilton, a bold man, and one of great interest in that country, then occasionally being in Derry, came to the Wall and sent for them, and brought them unto the gates to his own house, much encouraging them, and commending their resolution in coming forward, notwithstanding the threatenings they re- ceived. As they went toward his lodging through the streets, there seemed to be a commotion among the people, some by their countenance and carriage declaring their indignation, some their affection.’ What is here said of the state of popular feeling in Derry at this crisis is confirmed by Carte, who thus writes respecting Mervyn : — 4 The Marquis of Or- monde confiding in his loyaRy, and considering him as a man of a voluble tongue, popular in his country, and capable of doing service, made him governor of Derry. As soon as he had taken possession of his government, he joined with the mayor in writing to the preaching ministers a letter desiring them to forbear visiting that place, which was but too much disposed to receive the covenant. The town was full of factious and seditious persons, who had on former occasions tore the Book of Com- mon Prayer, and thrown libels about the streets, threatening everybody who should dare to use it ; so that the mayor, when he went to church, was forced to take a strong guard of English soldiers of his own company, and plant them about the reader’s desk, to secure himself from being insulted, and the book from being tore (as they threatened) before his face.’ Mervyn afterwards deserted Ormond’s party, and took the covenant. 44 However, the ministers sent for the keys of the church against the next Sabbath. The mayor HISTORY OF DERRY 341 told them the sacrament was then to be admin- istered in the great church, but they might have the little church* that day, and should have the other the next ; but the ministers finding the little church not sufficient to contain the number of people there met, went to the market-place where, about four years before, the mass had been publicly used by some Irish regiments who were to be sent to Scotland against the national covenant, and there preached on the subject of taking God’s people into covenant, declaring the divine authority of it ; where- unto was added the exemplary encouragement of two sister Churches, England and Scotland, entering into it. This was on the Lord’s-day, April 25 ; and the mayor and others coming from their sacrament, stood somewhat amazed, yet with reverence did behold what was adoing* in the market-place. The Lord’s-day being thus spent, the ministers desired the keys of the church on Monday, which were sent them ; the bells were rung, and the multitude, both from town and country, increased that day more than on the former, whereon the happy condition of a sanctified and true union was the subject insisted on. A great many more, and some persons of quality from the country, did embrace the covenant with much signs of affection ; and thereafter, according to the usual way, much time was spent in subscribing it. The ministers, to close the work in Derry, did cele- brate the Lord’s Supper publicly in the great church, where the altar was removed to give place to the Lord’s table. ” — (Reid. Extracted from Adair's account.) The great church here mentioned is the Cathedral of Derry, built in 1633 ; a Protestant Parish Church, * The little church was the Augustinean Church, supposed to have been erected at the close of the 13th century. Bishop Down ham had complained, in 1625, that it was not capable of containing half his auditory. From plans of that time it appears to have been a large and somewhat elegant structure. After the erection of the present Cathedral it was known as the “ little church.'’ B b2 342 HISTORY OF DERRY wherein no altar was ever erected. After the Refor- mation the Churches of England and Ireland had no more an altar than had the Church of Scotland. 1645. — “ The parliament abolished, throughoutEng- land, the use of the Common Prayer-Book, and established in its room the Directory of the West- minster Assembty.” — {Reid.) 1648 . — “ Sir Charles Coote, the parliamentary com- mander, took the governorship of Derry and held it till the Restoration. From the commencement of the civil war, Sir Robert Stewart’s regiment had occupied the castle of Culmore, of which he had been appointed governor so early as the year 1648. He had never cordially co-operated with Coote ; and, on embracing the Scottish engagement against the parliament, he retired to Culmore, which he kept well fortified, and, by means of the artillery in the fort, prevented all access to Derry by the sea. He seized some ships sent by the parliament with provisions for the supply of their forces in Derry, and at the same time detained several merchant vessels, ‘ which he would not suffer to pass or traffique with the city, until it was necessitated to grant him advantageous conditions.’ This interruption of the navigation was exceedingly mortifying to Coote, w T ho, 2 ncourged by Monck’s success, laid a scheme in the latter end of October for treacherously seizing his opponent, whom he w T as not able openly to attack. Sir Robert, accompanied by Colonel Audley Mervyn, was inveigled to attend a private baptism in the house of a friend in the city of Derry ; and, while he was unsuspicious of danger, Coote surrounded the house and made him his prisoner, compelled him to give orders for the surrender of Culmore, and, by the direction of Monck, transmitted both him and Mervyn to London to be tried by the parliament for their treasonable opposition to its authority. Having thus obtained possession of Culmore, Coote soon after seized upon the castles at Lifford, Derg, and HISTORY OF DERRY 343 several other places, and speedily reduced that part of the province to subjection to his arms. By these means, the parliamentary or independent party, as opposed both to the Prelatists and the Presbyterians, were, before the end of the year, possessed of all the principal towns and castles in Ulster, with the solitary exception of Charlemont, which the Irish insurgents had occupied without interruption from the first breaking out of the Rebellion.” — (Ibid.) 1649. — “ Sir Alexander Stewart was the eldest son of Sir William Stewart, of whom frequent mention has already been made in these pages. He was killed at the battle of Dunbar, in Scotland, in the following year (1650), leaving one only son, born six weeks after his father’s death, who, in 1685, became the first Baron Stewart of Eamelton and Viscount Mountjoy.” —(Ibid.) .“ Lord Montgomery, of Ards, and the old royalist faction were ostensibly engaged on behalf of the covenant, and cordially united with the general body of the Presbyterian soldiery in Down and An- trim. The garrisons of Belfast, Carrickfergus, and Coleraine, v T ere occupied by these troops, and placed respectively under the command of Colonel Wallace, Major Ellis, and Colonel Conway; and the Lagan forces, under Sir Alexander Stewart, were also pre- pared and ready to co-operate in the same cause. The republican party possessed no place of strength in Ulster, save Derry, which was held by Sir Charles Coote, who had resisted the various efforts that had been made to induce him at this crisis to join the Presbyterians. To this important post, therefore, the attention of the army and country was now directed. “ ‘ The council of war next sent commissioners from them to those who had renewed the covenant about Derry, viz., Cunningham, Maxwell, and Moore, ad- vising them to draw their forces to the fields for the ends of the covenant, as they of Down and Antrim had done before. But Sir Charles Coote, notwith- 344 HISTORY OF DERRY standing he had been seemingly forward before for the presbytery, and had concurred with them, and was sworn a ruling-elder in Derry, now finding things going in another channel in England, altogether refused to declare against that party in England, or to give order for renewing the covenant. Upon this, animosities arose between him and those of the army and country there, who had renewed the covenant and subscribed the same declaration which was sub- scribed in Down and Antrim by the council of war. And on this occasion the officers there, who had taken the covenant and declaration, had drawn together some other forces to the fields, according as they were advised by them. But Sir Charles sent out a party from Derry and Coleraine, and drew together a considerable number of persons at the rendezvous near Derry. Upon which Sir Alexander Stewart marched towards Derry with his regiment, and sat down before it. Others, really affected, joined with him, so that the city was surprised and brought to straits.’ “ In the latter end of March occurred the first hostile movement of this blockade, which, though it continued during nearly five months, has been almost forgotten, having been eclipsed by the second, and more celebrated siege, which this ‘ maiden city’ after- wards sustained. On the 28th of that month, the Lagan forces took possession of Manorcunningham and Carrigans, and cut off the supplies of the garri- son from that quarter. On the 1st of April they drew towards the city, and two days afterwards sur- prised a convoy commanded by Captain Kilmer, who were conveying thirty bolls of meal from Muff, on the opposite side of the river. Kilmer fled, but on the 7th he and Captain Pinch were taken prisoners. The latter was exchanged for Capt. Lawson, whose gallant conduct at the breaking out of the Rebellion lias been already noticed, and who had now abandoned the republican authorities in Derry, and joined the HISTORY OF DERRY 345 Presbyterians. Several unimportant, though not bloodless skirmishes, subsequently took place ; but, on the 23d of April, Coote, at the head of a large party of dragoons, sallied out and suddenly fell on the quarters of the Lagan forces at Carrigans, who suffered severely in this unexpected attack. Major Balfour and Captain Mather, with twenty men, were slain ; and Lieut. -Colonel James Galbraith, Majors Hamilton and Grahame, Captain John Stewart, with two lieutenants, two ensigns, and abo ve forty men, were taken prisoners, and 6 a good store of arms and plunder was brought home to the garrison.’ Thirty of the prisoners were exchanged for the thirty bolls of meal taken by the Presbyterians in the beginning of the month, and the remainder were reserved to be ransomed. “ Notwithstanding this advantage, Coote found it necessary to prepare for a closer siege. In the end of April, he ordered the orchards and gardens sur- rounding the town to be cut down, and the houses and ditches to be levelled ; and, on the 5th of May, the Lagan forces encamped round the city and threw up entrenchments within cannon-shot. On the 26th they were joined by Sir Robert Stewart and Colonel Mervyn* who had been liberated by the parliament on bail, and who, bringing with them numbers of the old royalist and prelatical faction, sowed dissension among the besiegers, by discountenancing those who were attached to the covenant, and endeavouring to monopolise the management of the siege. This un- happy schism was widened by the arrival of Sir Geo. * A few unimportant skirmishes had occurred before their arri- val — one on the lath of May, on the strand beyond the gallows, where five of the besiegers were killed, and another on the 15th, in the Bogside, where six were killed and several taken prisoners. On the 26th, the convoy sent to Dublin for assistance captured a boat, laden with barley, and a small bark bound for Scotland with cows and horses ; and, about the same time, a ship arrived from Eng- land with five hundred quarters of wheat and a reinforcement of 200 men, w r hich enabled Coote to continue the siege without appre - hension or risk of famine. 346 HISTORY OF DERRY Monro, who, forced to abandon Scotland, had returned to Ireland with a party of Scottish Highlanders, and taken a commission from Ormond on behalf of Charles II. A body of the Irish confederates, whom the late peace had united with Ormond, were immediately placed under his command , and, at the head of these auxiliaries and his own Highlanders, all of them Roman Catholics and the terror of the country, he marched from Connaught to Derry, and introduced further jealousies among the besiegers.” — (Ibid.) The proceedings of the siege in June are thus nar- rated by Captain Henry Finch, one of the aldermen, who, with six others, appointed by Cromwell, were continued as such by Charles II. : — “ June 1st. All our horse, with 150 foot, went over the water to Goldsmith’s new town and routed the enemy, killed about thirty, took a prey of 300 cows, many sheep and some horses, and fired and killed to Muff with- out loss. 3d. The cows being too many to keep for eating up our grass and not fit to kill, so many as were not useful were sold to the enemy for ten shil- lings a piece upon parole and were currently paid. 8th. The enemy in one night built an incredible piece of work, within almost musket* shot of our town, upon the top of the hill on the way to Ballymack- rooty ; the lord-president [Coote] destroyed it next day after a sharp skirmish, and challenged the leaguer to come out and light him. 13th. A new fort, which we were a building at the Windmill was near finished ; but was thrown down by the enemy this night : the wind being high, he was not discovered till done. 18th. Whitecastle plundered by some of our men, and the seamen got some malt, barley, meal, &c. 19th. The Scotch boat that had been taken with the cows and horses was manned out, and this day brought in two other small Scotch boats from Coleraine for Scotland laden with staves, clobords, rounds, and some butter. After three months’ siege there is not one sick or feeble body among us, and now in a HISTORY OF DERRY 347 better condition than the first day of the siege : our greatest want is and will be firing, there being no other firing than old houses and trees got out of orchards ; for we suppose provisions will be plenti- fully sent us by the parliament.” Dr. Reid continues his relation as follows : — “ Monro returned to Coleraine, of which he was ap- pointed governor, and thence marched to Derry, where, on the 11th of July, he again joined the besiegers with a considerable reinforcement of horse and foot, and twelve pieces of field ordnance. The blockade which had, in the meantime, been maintained with considera- ble success, was now carried on with additional vigour, this being the only stronghold in Ulster that held out against the ro} 7 alists. To cut off the communication with the city by sea, they built a fort at the knock of Ember, * near the narrowest part of the river between Culmore Castle and the town, to which, in honour of his Majesty, they gave the name of Charles-Fort. No sooner was it completed than Coote directed Captain Keyser, the commander of a parliamentary frigate in the lough, to proceed with 100 muskeeters in boats to attack and demolish it ; but the fort being well manned, and mounted with eleven pieces of ordnance, they were repulsed and obliged to return to Culmore. Keyser and his crew, who liad captured several ves- sels bound for Scotland from Coleraine and other neighbouring ports, were supported almost entirely by the plunder of Ennishowen, into which district parties of horse were also occasionally sent by Coote, to levy contributions in meal and cattle for the sup- port of his garrison. On the 26th of July, Lord Montgomeiy, with his own regiment and a conside- rable force, joined the besiegers; and, having sent Coote a copy of his commission from Charles II., * The place which is thus designated in the diary of the siege, is called, in old maps, 44 The Crook of Inver,” being the bay or reach in the river west of the place where the boom was laid during the second siege. Charles-Fort was situated near Boom Hall, and was occupied by James’ army in 1689. 348 HISTORY OF DERRY lie summoned him to surrender the city to his Majesty’s army. This ineffectual summons was followed up on the 28th by a smart attack upon the town, in which, though several of the garrison were killed, Mont- gomery was repulsed with considerable loss, Lieut. - Col. Robert Galbraith being dangerously wounded, andCapt. Fleming of Faughanvale, Lieut. M‘Clelland, with several officers and nearly forty men, being killed. On the same day two ships from below Cul- more came up the river to attack Charles-Fort, but the wind failing them — another singular coincidence with the events of the second siege — they were un- able either to proceed or to return. “ The presbytery’s Declaration had, by this time, reached the Lagan, and began to be privately circu- lated among the Presbyterian soldiery, as yet unac- quainted with the perfidy of their general. No sooner did they read this paper, and perceive the true character of the cause for which they were hazarding their lives than the greater number of the officers of the Lagan forces, and of Lord Montgo- mery’s regiments, threw up their commissions, and, with their men, abandoned the siege. 4 Our viscount and general,’ writes the indignant compiler of the Montgomery manuscripts, ‘ was hopefull to reduce that important place to his Majesties obedience. The fault was not in his lordship, but in those Lagan men, who no sooner knew of his lordship having accepted a commission from the king without their kirk-pastors’ leave, and that he would no longer ad- mit their ministers into his councils, nor walk by their advice than the whole gang or crew of them deserted the siege and his lordship, they all at once disbanding themselves with one text of Scripture, ‘ to your tents O Israel !’ ’ On the 29th of July, the soldiers were observed from the city to be taking their departure in great haste and in considerable numbers. The siege, however, was still maintained, though with diminished vigour. A few days after- HISTORY OF DERRY 349 wards a party of dragoons from the city sallied out into the county of Donegal, and burned Carrigans, Newtowncunningham, and St. Johnston. But, on the 7th of August, to the great surprise and dismay of the besiegers — who did not expect to see the Bo- man Catholic party leagued with the republicans in opposing the royalists — Owen Roe O’Neill, upon a treaty privately concluded with Coote, came to the relief of Derry, and, with a body of 300 horse and 4,000 foot, encamped on the opposite side of the river. Lord Montgomery and Sir Robert Stewart were consequently compelled to raise the siege. On the second day after O’Neill’s arrival, they broke up their encampment, and returned by Ballykelly and Coleraine, 4 with their companies,’ to their former quarters in Down and Antrim.” 44 August 10th. — New Buildings or Goldsmith’s- town quitted, and taken by O’Neill, wherein was good store of malt and other provisions. 12th. Their new fort called Charles-Fort, upon the water, was sur- rendered to the president, wherein was 180 men, eleven pieces of ordnance, and four small drakes upon one carriage ; but little ammunition or provision.” — (. Finch's Diary.) 44 The republican party were now masters of the north-western portion of the province. The royal- ists, unsupported by the Presbyterians, held their garrisons of Coleraine and Carrickfergus by a pre- carious tenure ; and soon after there appeared in Ireland a victorious general, who, by his vigorous and successful prosecution of the war, speedily ren- dered the arms of the infant republic of England triumphant throughout the entire island. This was Oliver Cromwell, whose arrival at Dublin, on the 15th of August, completely changed the aspect of af- fairs in Ulster. Owen Roe O’Neill took ill before he left Derry, and never recovered. He was carried in a litter to Cloughouter castle, in Cavan, where he died, November 6, 1649.” — (Reid.) 350 HISTORY OF DERRY “ In the end of August, 1,000 men had safely landed at Derry from England, at the head of whom Coote scoured the surrounding country ; and, fearing a second siege, he accumulated a considerable stock of provisions within the city.” — (Ibid.) 1650. — “ So soon as the season permitted, vigor- ous preparations were made both by the royalists and the republicans for renewing the war. The former, comprising both the prelatical party, under Ormond, and the Irish confederates, held a provincial council at Belturbet, on the 18th of March, to choose a general in room of the late Owen Roe O’Neill. Among the candidates for this office, who, with one exception, w r ere Romanists, were the Marquis of Antrim, Sir Phelim O’Neill, and Heber (or Ever) M ‘Mahon, the titular bishop of Clogher. The pre- dominance of clerical influence in the council secured the election of the latter, who soon after published a declaration vindicating their proceedings, and pre- pared to vTest the strongholds of Ulster out of the hands of the republicans. This party were not in- active. In the month of April, Coote obtained pos- session of Enniskillen from Sir George Monro, who, despairing of relief, surrendered the town and castle on favourable terms for himself and his adherents, most of whom accompanied him to Scotland. Hav- ing garrisoned this important post, on the I4th of April Coote collected his troops that had quartered during the wdnter in the Lagan, and sent orders to Yenables to take the field and join him before Char- lemont, with the view 7 of commencing the campaign by the reduction of that fort. But the mitred general, having mustered his army at Monaghan, resolved to prevent, if possible, the proposed junction of his tw r o formidable opponents. Coote, having obtained the necessary assistance at Omagh, despatched Major King with three troops of horse, and Major Reid with 300 foot, to co-operate with the garrison at Enniskillen in intercepting the supplies of men and HISTORY OF DERRY 351 provisions which the bishop was expecting from Con- naught : — ‘ The master-point being all this while how to work a conjuncture of the Claneboy forces ; for my lord-president resolved, if it could be effected, immediately to put it to a day.' An ill-advised move- ment of the bishop unexpectedly afforded him the desired opportunity. To keep open the communi- cation with Ballyshannon and Connaught, M‘Mahon resolved to pass the river Foyle at the ford at Clon- leigh, not far from Lifford, which Coote permitted him to effect without molestation. But so soon as the Irish had passed the river, the English general, having previously prepared his men for a rapid move- ment, hastily marched to £ Breagh-dough, another strong pass three miles behind Clanlee — for which pass the Irish strove hard,’ * as the possession of it cut off their return, and enabled Coote and Venables to effect their long proposed junction. The Eng- lish succeeded in securing this post, and the bishop, mortified at this successful manoeuvre, the result of his own rashness, drew up his men in order of battle, and attempted to regain the pass. A skirmish took place on the 2d of June, in which Captain Tailor, of the English dragoons, was slain, and Capt. Cathcart severely wounded ; but the Irish were compelled to retire ‘ on the mountainest ground they could find ’ towards Letterkenny, followed by Coote, who declined an engagement till he should be joined by the troops under Venables. On the 18th, the latter, to the num- ber of 1,000, arrived from Coleraine, under the com- mand of Colonel Fenwick,! when, understanding that * Now called the Long Causeway, a passage through a deep morass at the foot of Dunduff hill, between Lifford and Letterkenny. There is a passage called “the Long Causeway,” between Derg and Claudy, in the parish of Urney, and an authentic tradition of a severe skirmish having taken place here between the English and Irish in the wars of Cromwell. [See Walker, p. 107, and Mac- kenzie, pp. 20 L to 204 ante.] + Venables, it appears, had gone to Dublin to acquaint the council of officers there of the precarious condition of Coote and his small party in the face of the large army of the Irish. 352 HISTORY OF DERRY the bishop had sent Colonel Miles Sweeny with a detachment to seize on the castle of Doe and procure provisions, Coote resolved to embrace that opportu- nity of coming to an engagement. Accordingly, on Friday, the 21st of June, at Schear-Saullis* two miles south-west of Letterkenny, on the river Swilly, both armies engaged. This battle, memorable as the last which occurred in Ulster until the wars of the Revo- lution, was maintained with desperate valour on both sides for a considerable time. But the Irish, having lost their major-general, O’Cahan, with five colonels and most of their officers, gave way, and were totally routed, leaving their arms, ammunition, baggage, and even their colours, upon the field. Of the English there were killed only Major Harry Gore and one captain, with a few officers wounded, but not severely.! Sir Phelim O’Neill and Alexander McDonnell, bro- ther to the Earl of Antrim, succeeded in effecting their escape; but M c Mahon, with a small escort of horse, was pursued by Major King, at the head of a squadron from Enniskillen, who encountered the fugitives on the 25th, and made the bishop his pri- soner. By this v : ctory, the power of the royalists and confederate Irish in Ulster was completely overthrown. “ The castles of Lifford, Ballycastle, and Dun- given were abandoned. Coote, having beheaded the captive prelate at Enniskillen, returned to Derry, and placed the head of his victim on one of the gates of * Or Skear-Swillis, i.e. the ford of the Swilly, miscalled Skir- folas by Cox. + An abstract of Coote’s account of this sanguinary engagement is given by Whitelocke (pp. 463, 641, by which it appears that the loss of the Irish was very great — amounting to nearly 3,000 men. On the 9th of July his letters were read in the parliament, who di- rected a day of public thanksgiving to be observed for this decisive victory, voted £100 to Mr. King who brought the news, and ordered a letter of thanks to be written to Sir Charles Coote and his officers, among whom the following were specially noticed : — Col. Fenwick, Col. Richard Coote, Lieutenant- Col. Gore, Major John King, Major Francis Gore, and Captain Duckenfield. (Com. Journ. vi. 438.) Major King survived the Restoration, when he was created by Chas. II. the first Lord Kingston. [See Walker, pp. Ill and 14V, and Mackenzie, pp. 186, 191, and 263 ante.] HISTORY OF DERRY 553 tlie city. Having recruited his victorious troops, he despatched a considerable reinforcement to Venables, who had returned from Coleraine to Carrickfergus, with instructions to invest Charlemont, the only fort which remained in the hands of the Irish. The gar- rison under Sir Phelim O’Neill, who had made his way thither after the defeat at Letterkenny, defended the place in the most resolute manner against re- peated assaults, till being at length reduced to the utmost extremit}',they surrendered upon terms, and, in the beginning of August, Venables took formal possession of the fort. The entire province was now prostrate at the feet of the English republic.” — {Ibid.) .The Prince of Orange (afterwards William Third of England), born of the Princess Mary, eldest daughter of Charles the First, King of Eng- land, on November 4. 1651. — “ The Presbyterian ministers were violently excluded from their pulpits, their subsistence was withdrawn, they were in continual danger of being apprehended and imprisoned ; and, at a council of war, held at Carrickfergus, in March, which was at- tended by Sir Charles Coote, with Colonels Venables Chidley Coote, and Robert Barrow, a formal act of banishment from the kingdom was passed against them.” — {Reid.) 1653. — “Oliver Cromwell, coming to the supreme ordering of affairs, used other methods and took other measures than the rabble rump parliament. He did not force any engagement or promise upon people contrary to their conscience, knowing that forced obligations of that kind will bind no man. For, men who are not ruled by conscience can easily break these, and shake off these obligations whenever opportunity offers : and men of conscience if they should be constrained and tempted to them, they will find themselves under a necessity to repent. Thus ministers in the country began to enjoy great liberty HISTORY OF DERRY 351 for their ministry ; and their brethren in Scotland began to return in peace to their parishes without molestation .” — {Adair s MS.) 1654. — “ George Holland, minister of Derry, had a salary of <£100 from the the Civil Establishment of the Commonwealth for Ireland, <£100 a-year then being equal to £U,000 a-year now.” — {Reid) George Hol- land was archdeacon of Derry in 1662, and dean in 1665. 1655. -5,000,000 acres confiscated in Ireland and distributed among the soldiery. 1660. — Restoration of the House of Stuart in Charles II. .“ Sir Charles Coote now abandoned his for- mer associates, and placed himself at the head of the royalists. He besieged the Castle of Dublin, then held for the parliamentary republicans. It surrendered in five days, and the royalists became masters of the kingdom.” — {Reid.) .George Wild, of Middlesex, bishop from 1660 to 1665. He left many legacies to the poor of his diocese. .Sir Robert Stewart* Knt. made governor. 1661. — Colonel John Gorges appointed governor. .The parliament ordered the covenant to be burned, by the common hangman, upon market-day, in all cities and towns, in presence of the chief ma- gistrate. 1662. — A new charter granted to the Irish Society and the Corporation of Londonderry by King Charles the Second. It contains, with slight alteration, all the clauses of the first charter of King James the First. Sir Charles Coote, lately created Earl of Montrath, is by it made senior alderman of London- derry. 1665.— Robert Mossom, of London, bishop till his death, in Derry, on 21st December, 1679. He was the first bishop who was buried in the present Cathe* dr al. HISTORY OF DERRY 355 1688. — Great part of the city of Londonderry was destroyed by fire. .The Duke of York avows himself a Romanist. 1670 — Oct. 30. — William, Prince of Orange, visits England. The Lord Mayor and Sheriffs of London entertained him at Drapers’ Hall, where lie was pre- sented with the freedom of the city. 1672. — “A Presbyterian minister from Stirling, the Rev. Robert Rule, was settled at Derry on a stipend of <£70 a-year and a free house. Pie appears to have been the first who was stationed in the town, and to have been on good terms with the bishop. Early in 1688 he returned to Scotland and got the parish of Kir- kakty. It appears that the Presbyterians of Derry had commenced to build a place of worship in the city, but that the bishop, Dr. Robert Mossom, op- posed its erection. They were subsequently obliged to build their house in the suburbs, which was of course destroyed at the investment of the city.”— {Reid.) At the establishment of the Reformed Church in Derry, in 1603, William M‘Taggart, the last Roman Catholic Dean, conformed to the Protestant faith. This official title .has been retained by the Rectors of Derry. In 1672 Peter Manby was appointed Dean, but, in 1686, he publicly embraced the religion of the Church of Rome, and wrote several books in vindi- cation of it. Pie was made an alderman of King James the Second’s Corporation in 1688. 1673. — Marriage of the Duke of York to Mary Beatrice of Modena, against the Commons’ protest. 1676. — The gaol, that w r as formerly over P’erry- quay-Gate, built. Before that time the old gaol was at the corner of the Diamond, as you enter into But- cher’s-street, on the left hand. — {Ash.) 1677. — Marriage of William, Prince of Orange, to the Princess Mary of York, Nov. 4. She was daughter of James by his first wife Anne Hyde. 1678. — George Farquhar, the celebrated drama- 356 HISTORY OF DERRY tist and the son of the Rector of Lissan, born in Derry. 1679. — Michael Ward, an Englishman, but edu- cated in Dublin, bishop. He died at Derry, 3d October, 1681, and was interred in the Cathedral. 1681. — Ezekiel Hopkins, of Crediton, near Exeter, bishop ot Raphoe, translated to the See of Derry. He adorned the Cathedral at great expense, and fur- nished it with an organ and massy plate. In 1689 he returned to England, where he obtained a parish, and died, 29th June, 1690. Harris states that Geo. Walker, being chaplain in the English army, engaged in the battle of the Boyne, wherein he was mortally wounded, and that “ it was thought, had he lived, that he would have been promoted to the bishoprick of Derry, then vacant by the death of Ezekiel Hop- kins three days before.” 1685 — Feb. 6. — Charles II. died and James, the Duke of York, ascends the throne as James II. Feb. 12. — “King James goes instate to mass, an illegal meeting.” — {Hume.) 1686. — In April, Richard Talbot (Lord Tyrcon- nell), appointed Lieutenant-General of Ireland, pro- ceeds to remodel the army, by removing Protestants and filling their places with Romanists. 1687. — “Tyrconnell appointed Lord-Deputy, 12th February. Tyrconnell had one object in view, which he cautiously concealed from all the other ministers of the king — the separation of Ireland from the crown of England, should the king die without male issue, and be succeeded by a Protestant, and its erec- tion into an independent nation under the protection of France. In this treasonable scheme he was sup- ported by Louis the Fourteenth, with whom the requisite correspondence was conducted with so much secrecy, that even the French ambassador at the English court was wholly ignorant of it. For this interesting fact we are indebted to the industry of Mazure, who discovered it in the despatches of Bon- HISTORY OF DERRY 357 repaux. This scheme was carried on with the know- ledge and consent of James, to the injury of his daugh- ter, then the heir-apparent ; but the birth of the Prince of Wales rendered it unnecessary.” — (Reicl.) .An illegal dispensation issued to Dean Manby to hold the temporalities of the Deanery of Derry. .“ Reception of the Pope’s Nuncio at Windsor. This was a treasonable act of the king.” — -(Hume.) 1688 — June 10. — “Birth of James, Prince of Wales. The king appoints the Pope to be one of the god- fathers.” — (Ibid.) June 29. — Trial and acquittal of the seven bishops. .Requisition for aid against the King’s design to William, Prince of Orange. .“Another memorial from the English Protes- tants was presented to the Prince of Orange, com- plaining of King James’ obliging his subjects to own a supposed child as Prince of Wales.” — ( Gillespie .) .Between August and October the Corpora- tion of Derry was displaced by King James, but the former sheriffs, Horace Kennedy and Edward Brooks, were continued in office. Cormack O’Neill was ap- pointed mayor of the city and lord lieutenant of the county. CHAPTER YI. INCIDENTS CONNECTED WITH LONDONDERRY AND THE REVOLUTION. 1688. — The Prince of Orange publishes his Decla- ration and landing at Torbay, with 15,000 men, on Fifth November (the anniversary of the Gunpowder Plot, being discovered 1605), is joined by English- men of all classes, and advances slowly towards Lon- don, which he enters December 18. James withdraws to France, December 23d. Dec. 7 . — Closing of the Gates of London- derry against Lord Antrim’s Regiment. Dec. 9. — “ Many persons, made bold by the 358 HISTORY OF DERRY excess of fear, and choosing rather to trust the winds and waves than the exasperated Irishry, ventured to encounter all the dangers of Saint George’s Channel and of the Welsh coast in open boats and in the depth of winter. The English who remained began, in almost every county, to draw close together. Every large country house became a fortress. Every visitor who arrived after nightfall was challenged from a loophold or from a barricaded window; and if he attempted to enter without passwords and explana- tions, a blunderbuss was presented to him. On the dreaded night of the 9th December, there was scarcely one Protestant mansion from the Giant’s Causeway to Bantry Bay in which armed men were not watch- ing and lights burning from the early sunset to the late sunrise .” — ( Lord Macaulay' s England.) “ The people of Londonderry shared in the alarm which, towards the close of the year 1688, was gene- ral among the Protestants settled in Ireland. It was known that the aboriginal peasantry of the neigh- bourhood were laying in pikes and knives. The con- sternation was extreme. Some were for closing the gates and resisting ; some for submitting; some for temporising. The corporation had, like the other corporations of Ireland, been remodelled. The ma: gistrates were men of low station and character. Among them was only one person of Anglosaxon extraction ; and he had turned Papist. In such rulers the inhabitants could place no confidence. My autho- rity for this unfavourable account of the corporation is an epic poem entitled the Londeriad. This extra- ordinary work must have been written very soon after the events to which it relates ; for it is dedicated to Robert Roclifort, Speaker of the House of Commons; and Rochfurt was Speaker from 1695 to 1699. The poet had no invention ; he had evidently a minute knowledge of the city which he celebrated.” — Jbid .) Lord Macaulay appears to have misunderstood the author he refers to, who only states HISTORY OF DERRY 359 “ In all the corporation not a man Of British parents, except Buchanan.”* This is very different from “ only one person of Anglosaxon extraction.” Among James’s new cor- poration were the names of Manby, Peter and An- thony Dobbin, John Campsie, Hamilton, Burnside, Lecky, aldermen, and Moncreiff, John and Henry Campsie, Lennox, Stanley, Eady, Gordon, Crook- shanks, Ash, and Broome, burgesses, some of whose names seem to us more Anglosaxon than Macaulay’s own. 1689. — “ The Protestants of the neighbourhood promptly obeyed the summons of Londonderry. Within forty* eight hours, hundreds ot horse and foot came by various roads to the city. Antrim, not think- ing himself strong enough to ri^k an attack, or not disposed to take on himself the responsibility of commencing a civil war without further orders, re- tired with his troops to Coleraine/’ — (Macaulay ) March 12. — James, supported by Louis XIV., with 5,000 men, lands at Ivinsale, and is met by Tyr- connell, who had then collected 38,000 men. March 13. — William III. and Mary II., King and Queen, proclaimed in London. .Notwithstanding Bishop Hopkins’ unwarran- table persuasions to the youth of Derry, on 7th December last, he remained till 21st March, as Mac- kenzie states that the proclamation of King William and Queen Mary was on that day made here in his presence, with great solemnity and joy. April 17. — In explanation of the statement in “ Mackenzie’s Narrative,” respecting Mr. William Blacker and Ensign Twyno, we have learned that “ William Blacker, of Corrickblacker, county Armagh, and Ballytrean, county Tyrone, with his whole family, were taken prisoners at Rohan or Roughane Castle, in the latter county, by the troops of the Duke of Ber- wick and Lord Galmoy, on their march to Derry in * See page 42 ante. 360 HISTORY OF DERRY 1688. The family were held as hostages, and Blacker, with Ensign Twyno, sent into the city to persuade a surrender. By an understanding with the defenders he was imprisoned, and a note conveying this intima- tion was allowed to be forwarded to the camp in order to save the family, which being done, he was at once set free and joiued in the earlier transactions of the siege. He afterwards served with a body of volun- teers, raised by himself, at the Boyne, where he was the means of identifying and bringing home the body of Walker for burial in Walker’s own Church, at Castlecaulfield, county Tyrone.” April 18. — King James arrived outside Bi- sliop’s-Gate. Adam Murray enters the town by Sliipquay-Gate * April 19. — The two English regiments sailed for England from Greencastle. .“ James had been assured, and had fully expected, that the city w T ould yield as soon as it was known that he was before the Walls. Finding him- self mistaken, he broke loose from the control of Melfort, and determined to return instantly to Dub- lin. Rosen accompanied the King. The direction of the siege was entrusted to Maumont. Richard Hamilton was second, and Pusignian third, in com- mand. The operations now commenced in earnest. The besiegers began by battering the town. It was soon on fire in several places. Roofs and upper stories of houses fell in, and crushed the inmates. During a short time the garrison, many of whom had never before seen the effect of a cannonade, seemed to be discomposed by the crash of chimneys, and by the heaps of ruin mingled with disfigured corpses. But familiarity with danger and horror produced in a few hours the mutual effect. The spirit of the people rose so high that their chiefs thought it safe to act on the offensive.” — [Macaulay.) * See page 211 and 213 ante. HISTORY OF DERRY 361 While the names previously mentioned as being of King James’s new Corporation, with the exception of Dean Manby, were Protestants, as were also John M'Kinny, Robert Shannon, and the two sheriffs — in all twenty Protestants — the whole number of that corporation was sixty-five, of whom forty-five — mostly O’s and Mac's — were sufficient, to justify their prede- cessors in bestowing on them the name of the “ Irish Corporation, upon whose approach they prudently concealed their plate until they would be restored again.” * It must have been this majority of forty-five that the author of “Londeriad” thus describes: — “ For Burgesses and Freemen they had chose Brogue-makers, butchers, raps, and such as those.” + Most of the Protestant members were of undoubted respectability and filled the highest civic offices, both before and after the siege. We cannot ascertain whether they acted with the others of James’s Corpo- ration as none of its proceedings have been recorded. The first meeting of the Corporation, after the exclu- sion of the “ Irish” from the city, was held 2d January, 1689. Present- — John Campsie, mayor; Sami. Norman, Gervais Squire, Alex. Tomkins, Jas. Hob- son, John Craig, Richard Graham, Matthew Cocken and Alex Lecky, aldermen ; John MTvinny, cham- berlain; Horace Kennedy and Edwd. Brooks, sheriffs; Henry Osborne, Henry Thompson, John Gifford, Henry Long, Plenry Ash, Thomas Moncrieff, Sami. Hobson, David Cairnes, Wm. Newton, Wm. Hems- worth, Robt. Shannon, James Fisher, James Strong, James Morrison, John Ewing, Matthew Halley and John Mogridge, burgesses. At their next meeting, held 13th April, 1689, the same members being pre- sent, except John Craig, David Cairnes and James Morrison, Gervais Squire was elected mayor, in room of John Campsie, who died on lith April. After their election by the citizens, on the 19th April, the * Corporation Minutes. •t Londeriados. Page 4.2* D D 362 HISTORY OF DERRY Governors, Walker and Baker, were sworn before this Mayor. The Covenanters took a decided and energetic part against James and Tyrconnel. Their earliest leader in Ireland, the Rev. David Houston, or Hew- son, promptly marshalled four or five companies of his sturdy followers, who were most numerous between Randalstown and Ballymoney, and proffered their assistance and services to Lord Mount Alexander, the commander-in-chief for Down and Antrim, upon condition that they should be permitted to appoint their own officers. In all probability these formed part of the forces who defended the Passage of the Bann. Walker, in his Diary of the Siege, speaks of Hewson as “very troublesome and who would have none to fight for the Protestant religion till they had first taken the covenant.” In “ Graham’s Derriana,” published in Derry, 1823, and in Dublin, 1829, this is repeated and enlarged, and a battle described to have been arrayed in the Diamond of Conformists against Nonconformists. Reference to Mackenzie (page 222) will show that these statements were entirely groundless. As Walker is supposed to have been mistaken respecting Osborne, whose vindication, re- ferred to by Mackenzie (at page 180) has been con- sidered satisfactory, it may not unfairly be added that he was also misinformed of Houston’s proceedings. Walker and Mitchelburne suffered much from idle rumours during the siege, and doubtless they were not the only sufferers. Houston, in preaching to his congregation, would insist on the peculiar dogmas they maintained, but that he actually proposed the covenant to be taken by the soldiers of the garrison is preposterous. Walker has been blamed for not publishing the names of the other Nonconforming ministers who were in Derry, but it is worthy of remark that Mackenzie, the Presbyterian historian, while professing to give a full list of them, omits David Houston, who is recorded by Walker as being HISTORY OF DERRY 363 among the defenders of Derry. If Houston and his ad- herents had not stayed till the relief came, his or their desertion would, no doubt, have been most faithfully chronicled. Dr. Reid and Lord Macaulay have given currency to Walker’s unfavourable report of Hous- ton. Charlotte Elizabeth had inserted it and the report of Osborne’s commission from the Castle in the earlier editions of her interesting tale — “ Derry” — but, on discovering their inaccuracy, she omitted them from the later editions. It is to be feared that this talented and amiable l&dy has been the originator of a still more imaginary and ground- less charge against her favourites, “ the Irish speak - ing population,” by having placed even a single specimen of that deeply interesting and very dis- criminating race within the Walls of Derry. In a note (at page 370, Vol. II. of his work) Dr. Reid states that Walker “ claimed the merit of the defence of Derry for his own communion and Mac- kenzie (at page 154) speaks of “the palpable misre- presentation in the dedicatory epistle of the former account,” i. e. Walker’s. The reader will have conside- rable difficulty in discovering any foundation for these assertions of either of these reverend gentlemen in Walker’s Diary or Dedication. The great Act of Attainder is thus described b} r Macaulay: — “ A list was framed containing between 2,000 and 3,000 names. At the top was half the peerage of Ireland. Then came baronets, knights, clergy- men, squires, merchants, yeomen, artisans, women, children. No investigation was made. Any member who wished to rid himself of a creditor, a rival, a private enemy, gave in the name to the clerk at the table, and it was generally inserted without discus- sion. The only debate of which any account has come down to us related to the Earl of Strafford He had friends in the House who ventured to offer something in his favour. But a few words from Simon Luttrell settled the question. ‘ I have,’ he 364 HISTORY OF DERRY said, 4 heard the King say some hard things of that Lord/ This was thought sufficient, and the name of Strafford stands fifth in the long table of the pro- scribed. Days were fixed before which those whose names were on the list were required to surrender themselves to such justice as was then administered to English Protestants in Dublin. If a proscribed person was in Ireland, he must surrender himself by the 10th of August. If he had left Ireland since the 5th of November, 1688, he must surrender himself by the 1st of September. If he had left Ireland before the 5th of November, 1688, he must surren- der himself by the 1st of October. If he failed to appear by the appointed day, he was to be hanged, drawn, and quartered without a trial, and his pro- perty was to be confiscated. It might be physically impossible for him to deliver himself up within the time fixed by the Act. He might be bedridden. He might be in the West Indies. He might be in pri- son. Indeed there notoriously were such cases. Among the attainted Lords was Mountjoy. He had been induced, by the villany of Tyrconnel,* to trust himself at St. Germains : he had been thrown into the Bastile : he was . still lying there ; and the Irish par- liament was not ashamed to enact that, unless he could within a few weeks, make his escape from his cell, and present himself at Dublin, he should be put to death. It was not even pretended that there had been any inquiry into the guilt of those who w r ere thus proscribed, not a single one among them had been heard in his own defence, and it was certain that it would be physically impossible for many of them to surrender themselves in time. This, the most wicked of all laws, received James’s sanction ; * When Tyrconnel sent Chief-Baron Rice and Lord Mountjoy to France, Rice carried with him instructions which were probably kept secret even from the Court of St. Germains. If James should be unwilling to put himself at the head of the native population of Ire- land, Rice was directed to request a private audience of Lewis, and to offer to make the Island a province of France.— (Macaulay.) HISTORY OF DERRY 3GS and it is but a very small extenuation of his guilt that his sanction was somewhat reluctantly given. That nothing might be wanting to the completeness of this great crime, extreme care was taken to pre- vent the persons who were attainted from knowing that they were attainted, till the day of grace fixed in the Act was passed. The roll of names was not published, but kept carefully locked up in Fitton’s closet. Some Protestants, who still adhered to the cause of James, but who were anxious to know whe- ther any of their friends or relations had been pro- scribed, tried hard to obtain a sight of the list : but solicitation, remonstrance, even bribery, proved vain. Not a single copy got abroad till it was too late for any of the thousands who had been condemned with- out a trial to obtain a pardon.” The Parliament, called in Dublin, by King James, 7th May, 1689, had no representatives from the coun- ties of Derry, Donegal or Fermanagh;, and as many Protestants from those counties were engaged in the defence of Londonderry,, they are described in the Act as of Donegal or Derry. In the subjoined ab- stract, from it, are the names and addresses of such of the attainted persons as appear in the Corpora- tion Minutes or any of the Derry Diaries, as partici- patorsin the defence of Derry, Sligo, or of the Passage of the Bunn. Of course many more are in the Act than we can identify as being the same persons men- tioned in those histories. If parties possessed of local information respecting them supply it to the Publisher, additions can be made to this- abstract hereafter. “An Act for the Attainder of Divers Rebels, and for Preserving the Interest of Loyal Subjects. “Whereas a most horrid invasion was made by your Majesty’s un- natural enemy the Prince of Orange, invited thereunto and assisted by many of your Majesty’s rebellious and traiterous subjects; and hav- ing likewise raised, and levied open rebellion and war in several places in this kingdom, and entered into associations, and met in conventions, in order to call in and set up the said Prince of Orange, and the said rebels and traitors, having the impudence to de D d2 366 HISTORY OF DERRY clare for tlie Prince and Princess of Orange against your sacred Majesty, be it enacted, that the Persons hereafter named, viz-: — Hugh Montgomery, Earl of Mount Alexander; John Skeffington, Viscount Massareene; William Caulfield, Viscount Charlemont; William Stewart, Viscount Mountjoy ; Ezekiel Hopkins, Lord Bishop of Derry; Henry Lord Elan ey, of Monaghan; Sir Arthur Hoyden, of Moyra, Bart.; Sir Francis Hamilton, of Castlehamilton, Bart.; Sir William Francklin, of Belfast, Bart.; Sir Tristrum Beresford, of Ball} kelly, Bart.; Sir John Magill, of Gill-Hall, Knt.; Samuel Mor- rison, Gent.; all late of the City of Dublin. Robert Rochford, Esq., of Westmeath. Henry Baker, of Dumaglian, Esq.; James Brabazcn, of Carrstown, Gent.; Christopher Fortescue, of Drcmiskin, Esq.; all of the County of Lowth. George Vaughan, of Buncrana, Esq.; John Forward, of Coolernackiltraine, Esq.; Hugh Hamill, of Lifford, Esq.; William Groves, of Castlesbannaghan, Esq.; Kilmer Braizier, of Hath, Esq.; Major Gustavus Hamilton, of Husogile ; John Wig- ton, of Raphoe, Gent.; John Cowen, of St. Johnstown, Gent.; Chas. Calhoone, of Letterkenny, Gent,; James Fisher, of Derry, Gent.; and Capt. Jervis Squire, of Donaghmore; all of the County of Donegal and Londonderry. David Kearnes, of Askragh, Esq.; Audley Mervyn, of Trilick, Gent.; George Walker, of Dououghmore, Clerk; William Stewart, of Killemoon, Gent.; all of the County of Tyrone. John Knox, of Glasslogb, Clerk, of the County of Mo- naghan. Clotworthy Skeffington, of Antrim, Esq.; Col. Hobt. Adaire, of Ballymena; Arthur Upton, of Templepatrick, Esq.; Lieutenant- Colonel William Shaw, of Gemeway; Captain William Shaw, of Bash; Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Hueston, of Cregg; Captain William A dare, of Ballymena; all of the County of Antrim. Daniel MacNeale, of Dundrum, Gent., of the County of Down. Major Joseph Strowde, of Lisburne, in the County of Armagh. Alex. Stewart, Esq., son to the Lord Mountjoy ; Warham Jernett, Collector; Capt. Alexander Lecky, Capt, Samuel Norman, Capt. Matthew Cockins, Capt, Alex. Tomkins, Capt. John Tomkins, Capt. Thomas Moncrieff, Capt. Jas. Lennox, Capt. Horace Kennedy, Lieut. Wm. Crookshanks, Lieut. Jas. Spicke, Lieut, Dank Sherrard, Lieut. Edward Brooks, Lieut. Henry Long, Lieut. William Macky, Lieut. Robert Morrison, Lieut. Wm. Newton, Lieut. Henry Campsy, Lieut, Henry Thompson, Col. George Philips, of Newtownlimavady ; Lieut.-Col. Edwaid Cary, of Dungiven; Capt. Stephen Heard, Capt. James Strong, Capt. Thomas Ash, Capt. Samuel Hobson, Captain Abraham Hilhouse, of Ballyeastle; Col. George Canning, of Gar- vagh; Capt. Wm. Church, Capt. Miller, Capt. Adam Downing, of Bellaghy; Captain Samuel Wright, Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Lundy, and David Rosse, of Londonderry, Gent.; all of the County of Londonderry. Capt. Chidley Coote, of Vough ter shire, Roscommon. Henry Nickleson, of Ballanagargine, Gent.; Adam Ormsby, of Comine, Gent.; Francis Goie, of Sligo, Gent,; Charles Nicleson, of Larrass, Gent.; all of the County of Sligo. Major Owen Vaughan, of Carrowmore, Mayo, whether dead or alive, or killed in open rebellion, or now in arms against your Majesty, and every of them shall be deemed, and are hereby declared and adjudged traitors, convicted and attainted of high treason, and shall HISTORY OF DERRY 3G7 suffer such pains of death, penalties and forfeitures respectively, as in cases of high treason are accustomed. And whereas Bobert Lindsay, of Manor Lindsay, Esq., of Tyrone, and Francis An- nesley, jun., of Cloghmagherycatt, Gent., of Down, have ab- sented themselves from this Kingdom, since the Fifth of November last, they shall suffer such pains of death, and other forfeitures and penalties as in cases of high treason are accustomed.” This abstract of the Act, is taken from a copy of it published in “The State of the Protestants of Ireland under the late King James’s Government.” As that work was written by William King, Chancellor and Dean of St. Patrick’s, Dublin, during the Devolution, and afterwards Bishop of Derry, and who must have had opportunities of obtaining correct informa- tion, a few passages from it are here inserted : — “ In England the Gunpowder Treason was revealed, and the destruction of the Three Kingdoms pre- vented by a letter as insignificant as that directed to the Lord Mount Alexander. About the very time in- timated in the letter for the massacre, a new raised regiment, belonging to the Earl of Antrim, appeared before Derry, without the King’s livery, without any officers of note, or the least warning given by the Earl of their coming; lastly, without any arms be- sides skeans, clubs, and such other weapons as Kearnes and Tories used. The people of the town were frightened at the sight, and refused them entrance into the city. This was the first rub or provocation the Lord Deputy met with ; it was a mere accident, and proceeded from his own ignorance or negligence, who had left that garrison, the only one of any conside- rable strength in Ulster, where most Protestants lived, without one soldier to guard it ; and then sent such a pack of ruffians to take possession of it, many of whose captains and officers were well known to the citizens, having lain long in their jails for thefts and robberies. When, therefore, such a body of men came to demand entrance, at the very time they ex- pected a massacre, what could they imagine but that these men came to execute it ; and who could blame $68 HISTORY OF DERRY them for shutting their gates ? They were well as- sured that these men were fit for such an execution, and that they were ready on command to do it ; and, perhaps, would not stay for an order. The Lord Deputy bethought himself too late of his error, but could never retrieve it ; though, by means of the Lord Mountjoy, he did all in it that was possible, having brought the city to accept of a pardon, and receive a garrison of soldiers ; but then, it was such a gar- rison as they were able to master, and no more by the articles were to be admitted into it before the ensuing March. “ We ought to remember the reason of build- ing Londonderry, and it is plain from its charter, granted by King James the First, that it was founded to be a shelter and refuge for Protestants against the insurrections and massacres of the natives, who were known always to design and be ready to execute their malice on their conquerors. To keep them, there- fore, in awe, and secure the Plantation, was the de- sign of building the city. It was upon this condi- tion, and by these covenants the proprietors of the city held their estates ; and the inhabitants had been false to the very design and end of their foundation, if they had given up the city, with the keeping of which they were intrusted, into the hands of those very men against whom, by the charter, it was designed, to be a security and bulwark. “ The shutting up of Derry against the Earl of Antrim’s regiment, was all that was done by any Protestant in Ireland in opposition to the government, till King James deserted England ; except what was done at Enniskillen, where the people were under the same circumstances with those of Derry, having, about the same time, refused to quarter two com- panies sent to them by the Lord Deputy. They were not so much as summoned by him, nordidthej r enter into any act of hostility or association, or offend any till assaulted, being content to stand on their HISTORY OF DERRY 369 guard against such as they knew to be mortal ene- mies to the English interest ; to subdue whom, they were planted in that wild and fast countiy. “ But it must be considered that Ireland is a King- dom dependent on the Crown of England, and part of the inheritance thereof, and, therefore, must follow its fate, which it cannot decline without most appa- rent ruin to the English interest in it. Now, King James having abdicated the government of England, and others being actually possessed of the throne, it was the business of the Protestants of Ireland to preserve themselves rather than dispute the titles of Princes ; they were sure it was their interest and their duty to be subject to the Crown of England, but whether King James was rightly entitled to that Crown is not so easily determinable by the common people. No wonder, therefore, they declared for King William and his Queen, whom they found ac- tually in the throne of England, and owned as right- ful possessors by those who had best reason to know, rather than for King James, who indeed pretended to it, but with this disadvantage amongst many others, that he was out of possession ; and he had not used the power when he was in possession so well, that they should be desirous to restore him to it, with the danger of their own ruin. “ They considered further, that their defending themselves and those places of which they were pos- sessed, would in ail probability very much contribute to save not only themselves, but likewise the Three Kingdoms, and the Protestant interest of Europe ; to which it did certainly in some measure contribute. King James and his party believed it, and declared themselves to this effect. But it pleased God to spoil all the measures of James and his adherents, by the opposition made by a small town, manned with people before that time of no extraordinary re- putation in the world for arms, valour or estates, and who, perhaps, had never before seen an enemy in 370 HISTORY OF DERRY arms. King James was pleased to call them a rabble, but it must be remembered to their honour, that they outdid, in conduct, courage and resolution, all his experienced generals. To a man that seriously re- flects on it, the thing must almost seem miraculous, all circumstances considered. The rest of the King- dom, except Enniskillen, had yielded without a blow, most of the chief officers, gentlemen and persons of note, courage or interest in the North, had deserted their new raised troops without fighting ; the suc- cours designed for them from England came at the very time when the town was ready to be invested, and the officers that came with those succours, as well as their own officers, were of opinion that the place was not to be defended ; that they had neither provisions or necessaries to hold out a siege. The officers, therefore, privately took a resolution to re- turn to England, and carried along with them most of the gentlemen and leaders of the town, without leaving any governor or instructions for the people what they were to do, and without offering to make any conditions for them ; but neither this, nor their extrema want of provision, to which they were at last reduced, nor the consideration of their friends whom their enemies treated barbarously in their sight, could prevail with them to give up themselves or their cause .; but by patience and resolution they wearied out their enemies, and instead of letting them make approaches to their Walls, they enlarged their outworks upon them, and made them confess, after a siege of fifteen weeks, that if the Walls of Derry had been made of canvass they could not have taken it.” Walker published a Vindication of his Diary, from some attacks made on it, the only one of which we have inserted in this Volume is in the Title-Page of “ Mackenzie’s Narrative.” Other charges against Walker having been replied to, are not reprinted, as, if they had, the answers to them must also have been HISTORY OF DERRY 371 given. In concluding his Vindication, Mr. Walker says “ He has been upbraided with having given a very imperfect account of the siege of Derry, and that matter he will not dispute with his enemies; for it is impossible it could be otherwise, or that the little time and convenience he had to be exact in such a thing could prevent it. He is the more willing to allow this, because two very extraordinary things occur to him, which at the time of writing the hook he had forgotten, and they being so considerable in demon- strating that providence which attended the defence of the town, and that was so remarkable in its deli- verance, he begs to insert them in this paper. “ In the account of the siege you may find that people were every day going out of Derry ; the enemy by that means had constant intelligence, and we had reason to be under great apprehension and concern, more especially for our ammunition ; we therefore considered how to prevent that, and having a great quantity in Mr. Campsie’s cellar we removed it to another place. The very next day after we had re- moved it, a bomb broke into the cellar, and if our gunpowder had been there we should certainly have been destroyed. “ Another thing of as great moment v r as omitted, and that was, a bomb from the enemy broke into a cellar near Butcher’s- Gate. Some had the curiosity to examine what mischief it had done, and there they saw seven men dead, that had been working at a mine unknown to us, and that if it had not been for so miraculous a counter-mine, they might have gone on with their work and ruined us. Mr. Walker will not say but there may be other as considerable things omitted, but they too nearly concern himself, and it would not become him to sound his own praises, more than it would to reproach others .” — ( Walkers Vindi- cation of his Diary.) June 30. — “ After the death of Colcnel Baker, 372 HISTORY OF DERRY which happened in the height of the town’s distress, and deepest calamities, Colonel Mitchelburne (who during Baker’s illness had been deputed governor) was in joint command with Dr. Walker. As Mit- chelburne’s principles were too honourable to listen to any allurements of the enemy without the Walls, so his hardships within were not able to shake his loyalty, nor lessen his undaunted courage, which ap- peared particularly in his planting the bloody flag on the Royal Bastion, and afterwards mounting it on the Steeple of the Cathedral, to show the besieged, as well as the besiegers, the height of resolution, as they found in the sequel, for, when the enemy's poli- tic barbarity had driven the Protestant part of all the country around, without respect of persons, age, or sex, to starve under Derry Walls, to return the great civility with no less policy than bravery, he erected a lofty gallows in sight of them, to hang twenty- one lords, knights, and other commanders, which had been taken before, as trophies of a victory lately obtained, which stratagem obliged the foe to let the affrighted people retire from danger. Nor had he the happiness only to save the town through that miserable siege, a service of so high importance, that the King’s then tottering interest in Ireland was kept in equilibrio by him, till Lieut. -General Kirk approaching, turned the scales ; but he had the un- happiness likewise of feeling, in a great measure, the smart of war, as well as the reaping the glory of it, having had the irreparable misfortune of losing his dear lady and children, with all his family, by the rage of pestilence and deadly famine, in this terrible siege. Yet though he had so dismal an occasion of exercising his passive as well as his active courage, my much honoured friend, constant to both sorts of magnanimity, with the same equal temper, bore the fortune which dressed his brows with cypress, as that which crowned them with victorious laurels.”— ( Transactions in the North of Ireland , 1691.) HISTORY OF DERRY 373 — July 20. — “ At the mouth of Lough F oyle, Kirk with the Swallow frigate, accompanied by three ves- sels laden with provisions, and armed with forty musketeers each, fell in with the Portland frigate, commanded by Capt. Lee, by whom he sent orders to Commodore Hooke, then cruising off Carrickfergus, to send him forthwith the Dartmouth frigate, as pro- bably being best adapted for the intended operations in the river. On the 22d, the three victuallers an- chored off Culmore, but beyond the range of the fort; these vessels were the Mountjoy of Derry, Capt. Micaiah Browning, the Phoenix of Coleraine, Capt. Andrew Douglas, and the Jerusalem, Capt. Reynell. Three days afterwards they were joined by the Dart- mouth frigate, commanded by Capt. Leake, and im- mediately after her arrival, Kirk, from on board the Swallow, at length issued his orders to them to at- tempt the passage of the river the moment that the wind should prove favourable. Lie directed the Dart- mouth to engage the fort, that under the cover of her guns the Mountjoy might effect a passage ; the Phoenix was then to follow, and the Jerusalem to weigh, so soon as a signal should be made that one or other of her consorts had passed the boom. For several days the w ; nd continued adverse. The garrison were re- duced to the last extremity. Nearly all their resources of food, including some of the most nauseous and disgusting substances, had failed ; their number was fearfully reduced, and above one-fourth were rendered unserviceable by the conjoined effects of famine and fatigue. Their hearts were sickened with the oft- deferred hope of relief. The fleet, from which they expected so much, had indeed again appeared ; but they lay inactive, tantalising them with the near ap- proach of ample supplies still unaccountably with- held. At length, about six o’clock in the afternoon of Sunday, the 28th of July, a moderate gale spring- ing up from the north-north-west, the Dartmouth weighed and stood towards Culmore. The fort iin- E E 374 HISTORY OF DERRY mediately opened a brisk cannonade; ‘Capt. Leake behaved himself very bravely and prudently in this action, neither firing great or small shot (though he was plied very hard with both) till he came on the wind of the castle, and there beginning to batter, that the victuallers might pass under shelter of his guns, he lay between the castle and them within mus- ket-shot and came to an anchor.’* At this critical mo- ment the wind calmed a little and became less favour- able, but the Mountjoy succeeded in passing the fort, and accompanied by the long boat of the Swallow, ‘well barricadoed and armed with seamen to cut the boome,’ she sailed onwards in the midst of a sharp and well-directed fire from both sides of the river, till repelled by her first shock against the boom, she ran aground, and her gallant commander was, at the same moment, killed by a musket-ball. Favoured, how- ever, by the rising tide, and rebounding from a broad- side which she discharged for the purpose, she soon floated again ; and the boatswain’s mate of the Swal- low, who had the command of the long-boat, having cut the boom,* the vessel by her weight, when once more in motion, broke through that formidable bar- rier ; and no other obstacle remaining, the Phoenix, followed by the Mountjoy and towed all the way by the Swallow’s boats, reached the quay in safety about, ten o’clock in the evening, to the inexpressible jov of the famishing garrison, who had observed with intense anxiety every turn in their progress up the river. The two victuallers lost only five or six men, with Lieutenant Seys of Sir John Hanmer’s regi- ment wounded, and the boatswain’s mate injured by a splinter. The Dartmouth, having grounded off Culmore at low water, lay exposed to the enemy’s fire till the morning tide, when she repassed the fort into Lough Foyle, having had only one soldier killed and another wounded, and the purser, Mr. Lee, having received a slight contusion. Two days afterwards * Louden Gazette, No. 2478. HISTORY OF DERRY 375 the Irish army abandoned their trenches, having lost 100 officers and between 8,000 and 9,000 men; and on the last day of July this memorable siege termi- nated, having continued during the long period of 105 days. The joyful news of the relief of Derry reached the King at Hampton Court on the 4th of August, by an express with letters from Kirk, written on board the Swallow on the morning after the vic- tuallers had reached the quay.” — (Reid.) “ Kirk received from England a despatch, which contained positive orders that Londonderry should be relieved. He accordingly determined to make an attempt which, as far as appears, he might have made, with at least an equally fair prospect of success, six weeks earlier. The despatch, which positively com- manded Kirk to attack the boom, was signed by Schomberg, who had already been appointed com- mander-in-chief of all the English forces in Ireland. A copy of it is among the Nairne MSS. in the Bod- leian Library. Wodrow, on no better authority than the gossip of a country parish in Dumbartonshire, attributes the relief of Londonderry to the exhorta- tions of a heroic Scotch preacher named Gordon. I am inclined to think that Kirk was more likely to be influenced by a peremptory order from Schomberg, than by the united eloquence of a whole synod of Presbyterian divines.” — (Macaulay.) “ 4 You wall see here, as you have all along, that the tradesmen of Londonderry had more skill in their defence than the great officers of the Irish army in their attacks.’ — (“ Light to the Blind.*”) The author of this work is furious against the Irish gunners. The boom, he thinks, would never have been broken if they had done their duty. Were they drunk? Were they traitors ? He does not de- termine the point. ‘Lord,’ he exclaims, ‘who seest * This is a manuscript, dated 1711, the property of Lord Fingal, who understands the author to have been Nicholas Plunkett, an eminent lawyer. He was a zealous Roman Catholic, and a mortal enemy of England. 376 HISTORY OF DliRRY the hearts of people, we leave the judgment of this affair to Thy mercy. In the interim those gunners lost Ireland.’ The recollection of past dangers and privations, and the consciousness of having deserved well of the English nation and of all Protestant Churches, swelled the hearts of the townspeople with honest pride. That pride grew stronger when they received from William a letter acknowledging, in the most affectionate language, the debt which he owed to the brave and trusty citizens of his good city. The whole population crowded to the Diamond to hear the royal epistle read. At the close all the guns on the ramparts sent forth a voice of joy: all the ships in the river made answer : barrels of ale were broken up ; and the health of their Majesties was drunk with shouts and volleys of musketry.” — {Ibid.) .“The 7th of August, being that day week that M'Carthy had been routed by the men of En- niskillen, they observed it as a day of thanksgiving for the great victory which God had given them over their enemies, and for the rest which they were then enjoying after fresh alarms and severe fatigue. On the same day the Rev. Andrew Hamilton, rector of Kelskerry, in the diocese of Clogher, was sent by the officers at Enniskillen to Derry, for the purpose of congratulating Major-General Kirk on the recent relief of that city. Kirk received him very favour- ably, and sent him back to Enniskillen with orders to Colonel Woolseley to send him 500 horse and 200 dragoons, that he might march the infantry he had with him towards Coleraine, and so, through the county of Antrim, to Duke Schomberg, who he had heard was on the passage between Chester and Belfast Lough with his army, if not already arrived. He also ordered the Enniskilleners to bring with them 200 of the common prisoners, to help to empty the store-ships at Derry, and to cleanse the town, which was in a most wretched state, from an accumulation of rubbish and filth of all sorts, which had been collected HISTORY OF DERRY 377 during the siege, and from the state of the churchyard and other places used as burial-places tor the last four months. 9,000 corpses were interred within the Walls between the 18th of April and the 1st of August in these receptacles for the dead ; being filled to over- flowing, there was a want of earth or any other mate- rials to cover the putrefying bodies, and the shells aimed at the living frequently fell among the dead, and made hideous exhumations of lately -buried bodies. In this sad state, the practice of burial in the back- yards became unavoidable, and it was, as might be expected from the feelings of human nature, con- tinued after the necessity tor it ceased — many desir- ing that their earthly remains should be deposited with those they loved and lost during this dreadful siege ; and the mortality after the relief of the city, as might be expected, was very considerable. It was very remarkably that not more than eighty of the de- fenders of Londonderry in this siege were killed in battle, or by the she Lis thrown into the city, but the loss by famine and disease amounted to the number of 9,000, above-mentioned ; and it is a singular coinci- dence, that this was nearly the amount of the besieg- ers who perished by the sword and by disease around these sacred Walls.”* — ( Graham's Ireland, from 1689 to 1691.) “ The regiments of Mitclielburne and Crofton were united, and the latter officer reduced. The regiment of Hammill, of Lifford, was joined with Walker's, to the severe loss of Hammill, one of the most distin- guished defenders of the city.. He went to London to remonstrate against this injustice, but the offiy sa- tisfaction he got was a civil reception, manifested by the present of a gold- laced hat, which he ought to have thrown back as a fool’s cap, wanting only bells and a tassel/’ — (Ibid.) “ On Walker’s suggestion, the House of Commons addressed King William and Queen Mary to distri- * See Walker, page 134; and Mackenzie, page 153. E e2 378 HISTORY OF DERRY bute £10,000 among the widows and orphans of those who had fallen in the late defence of Lon- donderry ; but except the granting of pensions to the widows of Governor Baker and Captain Browning, nothing was done for them. Colonel Mitchelburne, still governor of the city, was in deep distress, and was in some years afterwards thrown into the Fleet Prison, from the debts he had contracted for defend- ing Derry, and the expenses of journeys to England, and residence in London, soliciting a discharge of them from the government.” — {Ibid.) “ It is painful to be obliged to add, that the gallant defenders of Derry and Enniskillen were treated very ungratefully by the state. Instead of being in any wise rewarded, they did not even receive the amount of pay which was acknowledged by parliament to be justly due to them. In 1691, the officers and men of both garrisons constituted Colonel Hugh Hamill, of Lifford, their agent and trustee, and authorised him to make the necessary applications to the crown and to parliament for their arrears. Seven years after- wards he resigned this office, and his brother, Wm, Hamill, who resided principally in England, was ap- pointed in his room. He used every effort in his power on behalf of his employers, but without suc- cess; and, in 1714, he published a statement of his proceedings, and a strong appeal to the public, enti- tled, c A Memorial by William Hamill, Gent., agent and trustee for the officers and soldiers of the tw T o late garrisons of Londonderry and Inniskilling, in Ireland, their relicts and representatives. Dedicated to his principals.' London, 1714, 8vo. pp. 40. This effort in their favour met with no better success, and he was again compelled to lay their hard case before the nation in a second publication, with this sarcastic and significant title, ‘ A view of the danger and folly of being public-spirited and sincerely loving one’s country, in the deplorable case of the Londonderry md Inniskilling regiments ; being a true and faithful HISTORY OF DERRY 379 account of their unparalleled services and sufferings at and since the Revolution. To which is added the particular case of William Hamill, gent., their agent.’ London, 1721, 4to, pp. 74. From this work it ap- pears that, after two -and- thirty years tedious and fruitless negociations, the following arrears were still due to the eight regiments that formed the gai ri- sen of Derry during the siege Baker’s regiment, £16,274 9s. 8d.; Mitchelburne’s, £9,541 16s.; Wal- ker’s, £10,188 13s. 6d.; Munroe’s, £8,360 2s; Crof- ton’s, £7,750 11s. 6d.; Hamill’s, £8,969 13s. 6d.; Lane’s, £8,360 2s.; Murray’s, £5,312 9s. 6d ; mak- ing a total of £74,757 17s. 8d., not a farthing of which appears to have been ever paid !” — ( Reid.J Aug. 13. — Duke Schomberg anchored in Ban- gor Bay. Aug. 15. — Upon a petition of Joseph Bennett, to the Irish Society in London, shewing that, by com- mand of the Governor of Londonderry, when sur- rounded by the late King James’s forces, he came from thence, through the enemy’s army, to give an account to their Majesties and this Society of the condition of the city, for which service his Majesty has given him the command of a foot company, it was ordered by the Irish Society that their treasurer pay him the sum of £10 . — ( Minutes of the Rouble, the Irish Society. ) Aug. 27. — The Corporation of Londonderry elected fourteen burgesses, in place of so many dead or in England and Scotland. Henry Campsie and Alex. Cunningham, the first and eighth in the list of the Apprentice Boys, were among the new burgesses or common councillors. — (Corporation Minutes.) September 5. — Newry abandoned and burnt by the Duke of Berwick. Sept. 7. — Schomberg advanced to Dundalk, where he was joined by three regiments from London- derry, under the command of Major-General Kirk, who had previously taken Coleraine, from which the HISTORY OF DERRY garrison, under Sir Charles Carney, had fled in such confusion, that “ they had tarred the bridge and laid combustible stuff in order to burn it, but their fear was such that none of them would stay to set fire to it.”* Sept. 19. — -The Corporation of Londonderry elected the Governor, Colonel John Mitchelburne, a burgess and alderman. At same meeting of common council, William Morrison, of this city, apothecary, was chosen a burgess, t A petition “ ordered to be drawn up and proffered to his Grace the Duke of Schomberg, Governor of Ireland, for some subsistence for the poor inhabi- tants of this city that remained here all the siege and are now alive in it.” — ( Corporation Minutes.) Sept. 26. — The Corporation adopted another petition for reparation of damages, sustained since December last, by reason of the war by the citizens. Mr. George Gravet chosen a burgess.— [Ibid.) October 3. — At a common council meeting, held this day. Win. Crookshanks, the second in the 1 list of the Apprentice Boys, chosen a burgess, in room of JohnMTCinny, chamberlain, deceased. “John Mogridge appointed to manage the matter of the petition and taking up T20 for lxis journey upon bond. Resolved — That the Corporation shall pay the same if he fail in his journey, which God forbid.” — {Ibid.) November 7. — Order read at council meeting, Londonderry, from Schomberg, for delivering “1,000 bushels of wheat and 1,000 bushels of peas for the poor ancient inhabitants of the city as have survived the siege.” — {Ibid.) Nov. 7. — Ordered by the Irish Societ} r , that £10 be paid to Mr. Mogridge, who this day delivered to the Society a letter from the Corporation of Lon- donderry. — {Minutes of Irish Society.) December 14. — Ordered by the same, that the * London Gazette , No. 2483. + Sec Londeriados, page 4C. HISTORY OF DERRY 381 treasurer do pay to “ Mrs. Cocken, the relict of Alderman Cocken, late of Londonderry, being in very low condition and having a great charge of children, the sum of .£10, out of the monies advanced by the twelve Companies for the relief of such who suffered by the late siege of Londonderry.” — (Ibid.) Dec. 16. — The Bill of Rights, by which the succession to the Crown is limited to Protestants, passed. 1690 — February 4. — The Corporation of London- derry received an order from Schomberg for 250 parcels of wheat and four tons of cheese, pursuant to order of the King and Council, and £500 allowed by his Majesty for coals, to be admitted free of duty and fees. Feb. 17. — “ Two able honest men to go to Mr. Mogridge, at Belfast, as a guard on his return from thence with the money under his charge.” The Cor- poration, in every case, appointed committees to dis- tribute the above gifts . — ( Corporation Minutes.) March 20. — “ Colonel John Mitchelburne and Dr. Gorge appeared at a Court of the Irish Society, in London, and the Doctor acquainted them that the said Colonel, having been Governor of Londonderry during the siege, had well deserved some marks of favour, and, therefore, desired a favourable re- commendation of him to their Majesties for the government of Culmore Fort, with the advantages thereto belonging. The Society acquainted Colonel Mitchelburne and Dr. Gorge, that in regard there was no fort there could be no occasion for a governor, and, therefore, no obligation upon the Society to pay any stipends or salaries. This Court, after Colonel Mit- chelburne and Dr. Gorge were withdrawn, taking into consideration the good services of the said Colonel Mitchelburne in the late sieg© of Derry, did order their treasurer to pay unto him £100, as a grateful remembrance from this Court.” — (Minutes of Irish Society.) 382 HISTORY OF DERRY April 2. — “ Gervais Squire, Esq., Mayor of Derry, appeared at a Court of the Irish Society and acquainted them that the land and other things that formerly were appropriated fur the maintenance of the government there were otherwise applied, and also that the corpses which were buried in the late siege began to be uncovered, which might, if not pre- vented, occasion an infection the approaching sum- mer, this Court were of opinion that the Society, being sufferers equally with the magistracy there, they could not, at present, allow any assistance towards the main- tenance thereof ; and for the covering of the dead corpses the secretary was ordered to write a letter to Mr. Mo- gridge, one of the commissioners appointed to distri- bute the <£500 lately sentfor the relief of thepoor there, to take care that the corpses be so covered as may prevent the mischief.” — (Ibid.) May. — “ Instructions for Mr. Robert Sherrard and Mr. John Graham , Overseers of Bishop-street Ward and the Church Yards. “ You are to agree with labourers and carmen for carrying away the dirt, and covering of the graves, within your respective wards, at the easiest rates. “You are to take narrow inspection into b. 11 houses and backsides within your said ward, and to cause the several tenants, or inhabitants, to cleanse the same, and send the rubbish and dry dirt to the church yards for covering the dead corpses ; and all other filth, to such other convenient places as will not be nawsom to the city. “ You are to cause every inhabitant, before whose door there are any bomb-holes unfilled up within your ward, to get the same filled up and paved at their proper charge. “ You are to make strict inquiry for all such persons who of late have buried any dead corpses in any gar- den or backside within your ward, and to give due notice thereof to the Mayor and Governor for pre- venting the like for the future.” HISTORY OF DERRY 383 June — “ Given Mary Fislier, Derry, £4 ; Sarah Campse}^, ditto, £3 .” — ( Accounts of Irish Society.) June 11. — King William landed in Ireland. June 30.- — “When William caught sight of the valley of the Boyne, he could not suppress an excla- mation and gesture of delight. He had been appre- hensive that the enemy would avoid a decisive action, and would protract the war till the autumnal rains should return with pestilence in their train. He was now at ease. It was plain that the contest would be sharp and short. The position of James w 7 as pitched on the eminence of Donore. The flags of the House of Stuart and of the House of Bourbon waved to- gether in defiance on the walls of Drogheda. All the southern bank of the river was lined with the camp and batteries of the hostile army. Thousands of armed men were moving about among the tents ; and every one, horse soldier and foot soldier, French or Irish, had a badge of white paper in his hat. That colour had been chosen in compliment to the Blouse of Bourbon. William had under his command men, born in many lands, and speaking many tongues. Scarcely one Protestant Church, scarcely one Pro- testant nation, was unrepresented in the army which a strange series of events had brought to fight for the Protestant religion in the remotest island of the west. * * * Mitchelburne was there with the stubborn defenders of Londonderry. Long after sunset the King made a final inspection of his forces by torchlight, and gave orders that everything should be ready for forcing a passage across the river on the morrow. Every soldier was to put a green bough in his hat.” — (Macaulay’s England.) July 1. — “At two fords we passed the river where there were six squadrons of the enemy to guard the pass ; but, at the first firing of our dra- goons and three pieces of cannon that marched with us, they all ran away, killing nothing but one of our dragoons horses. The Earl of Portland drew us up 384 HISTORY OF DERRY in two lines, intermixing the horse and foot by squa- dron and battalion. The armies stood for a consi- derable time, an impassable bog being between them. At length six regiments of foot more joined, and we altered our line of battle, drawing all our horse into the right wing ; and so outflanking the enemy we marched round the bog and engaged them, rather pur- suing than flighting them, as far as Duleek. In the interim Count Solmes, with the foot, forced the pass under our camp, and marched down the river with the blue Dutch regiment of Guards ; no sooner were they up the hill but the enemy’s horse fell on them, ours, with the King, being about half-a-mile lower passing at another ford. At the first push the first rank only fired and then fell on their faces, loading their muskets again as they lay on the ground ; at the next charge they fired a volley of three ranks ; then, at the next, the first rank got up and fired again, which being received by a choice squadron of the enemy, consisting mostly of officers, they immedi- ately fell in upon the Dutch as having spent all their front fire ; but the two rear ranks drew up in two platoons and flanked the enemy across, and the rest, screwing their swords into their muskets, received the charge with all imaginable bravery, and in a minute dismounted them all. The Derry regiment also sustained them bravely, and as they drew off maintained the same ground with a great slaughter. His Majesty then came up and charged at the head of the Inniskilling horse, who deserted him at the first charge, and carried with them a Dutch regiment that sustained them ; but the King’s blue troop of guards soon supplied their place, and with them he charged in person and routed the enemy, but the night coming on, we were forced to let them go. We lost about 300. It being very dark we were forced to be in the field all night with our horses in our hands.” — (« Journal of Roivland Davies , Dean of Cork , a Chaplain in King William's Army / Printed for the Camden Society , 1857.) HISTORY OF DERRY 385 * August 2. — Youglial surrendered to fifty dra- goons. Its garrison consisted of three companies of foot. Aug. — “ King William laid siege to Limerick. On the 11th he learned that Sarsfield, with 600 ca- valry, had, the night before, crossed the Shannon, nine miles above the city. The King instantly acted on the information, which caused him great uneasiness, as he at once conjectured Sarsfield’s purpose of in- tercepting his train of artillery, which was upon the way. He sent off Sir John Lanier, with 500 horse to meet it. Lanier went tardily to work, and it was near morning before he got off; even then he went slowly. At Ballynedy, within seven miles of its des- tination, the train was surprised at night, sixty of the soldiers were killed, with numbers of the country people who were under their convoy bringing pro- visions to the camp. The guns were filled with pow- der and buried with the mouth down, and the breech just raised above the clay; the waggons were heaped over them and fire set to them. The explosion de- stroyed William’s battering train. It was generally understood that Lanier could easily have prevented this. Burnet remarks that it was a general obser- vation made on him, and most of the officers in William’s army, who had served James, that they had more mind to enrich themselves, by keeping up the war, than to render their new master great by bringing it to an end .” — ( Lives of Irishmen by Wills.) Aug 12. — “In the morning, very early, Sir John Lanier, was sent out with a party to prevent the mischief, and was within three miles of the place when the guns were fired ; so that he might have en- gaged the enemy if he pleased, but drew off another way to let them pass .” — (< Journal of Dean Davies, 1689 ancl 1690.) Sept. 7. — “ This d&y Lieut.-General Douglas marched with a Derry regiment, and three troops of Guards, Col. Russell’s regiment of horse, and Innis F F 386 HISTORY OF DERRY killen Dragoons, through Cashel, towards the north, to winter quarters.” — (Ibid.) Sept. 10 . — At a meeting of the Corporation and several of the “ eminent inhabitants of London- derry, upon consideration of the very many sad com- plaints of the poor inhabitants of this place, who have, ever since the latter end of May last, quartered four companies of Colonel Deering’s regiment, and paid them after the rate of three pence per diem for each soldier, for each drummer and corporal four pence halfpenny per diem, and five shillings and three pence, w r eekly, to each sergeant, whereby the poor people of the town are exhausted of any money they had, engaged in debt many of them, and by these soldiers distraining on them, divested of what little goods or household stuff they had, resolved — That Major Ramsey be acquainted with the poverty of the inhabitants and their utter disability to subsist his soldiers any longer, and that he be entreated to con- sider of some other course to subsist his soldiers. That it is merely to prevent the utter ruin of the poor citizens that hath induced us to send to him.” — (< Corporation Minutes.) Sept. 15.— Sligo surrendered on condition “that the garrison should march to Limerick with their arms and baggage.” Mitchelburne was ap- pointed governor of the place. Large stores of food and ammunition were found in the fort. Sept. 26. — MacElligot, Governor of Cork, sur- rendered to Lord Marlborough. The garrison was composed of 5,000 privates and 350 officers. Oct. 14. — “ Upon the petition of George Elli- son and John Hoult, setting forth that they had been within the city of Londonderry during the whole siege, and had thereby lost all their subsistence: the treasurer was ordered to pay them fifty shillings a-piece to enable them to return to their habitations.” — ( Minutes of the Irish Society.) - Oct. 15. — Kinsale capitulated to Lord Marl- HISTORY OF DERRY 387 borough. Its commander, Sir Edward Scott, and the garrison of 1,200, marched with their arms and baggage towards Limerick. Dec. 31. — David Oairnes made application to the Irish Society, b}^ memorial, for some conside- ration for his great services both at and since the siege of Derry. The treasurer was ordered to pay him the sum of £20 . — (. Minutes of the Irish Society .) 1691 — Jan. 9. — William King, a native of Antrim, appointed Bishop of Derry. He was the first Irish- man who filled this see since the establishment of the reformed religion in the diocese, and was pre- sented to the archbishoprick of Dublin, 11th March, 1702. He died there, 8th May, 1729, aged 80, hav- ing bequeathed the books of Bishop Hopkins, which he purchased, to his successors — Bishops of Derry— for the use of the clergy and gentlemen of the diocese. Jan. 15.— “Upon petition of John Laundell, retailer, setting forth his services and sufferings in the late siege, he w T as admitted into the freedom of this city .” — ( Corporation Minutes.) -June 7. — Ballymore, under Colonel Ulick Bourke, surrendered to De Ginkle on his march from Mullingar to Athlone. June 20. — The army of St. Ruth lay on the Connaught side of the Shannon. The Irish were driven from the Westmeath side by a party of French grenadiers, led by their lieutenant. During this affair, Gen. Kirk, while looking on from a hill side at some distance where he was posted, was killed by a cannon-ball from Athlone. His infamous exploits in England, his cold-blooded and cowardly remiss- ness in the relief of Derry, and his subsequent base and brutal oppression of its defenders, have ren- dered him worthy of a niche between Lundy and Lanier. June 22. — De Ginkle determined to attack Athlone. June 24. — Capt. Sandys entered the ford at 388 HISTORY OF DERRY the head of sixty grenadiers, twenty abreast, and all in armour. Other strong parties followed. A heavy Are opened on them. The English passed rapidly and poured into the Irish works : all fled before them, and they were in possession of Athlone. July 12 (Sunday). — Battle of Aughrim.* The French General (St. Ruth), who commanded 25,000 men, was killed on Kilcommedon Hill. 7,000 Irish fell on the scene of action. The English had 600 killed and 900 wounded. Ginkle, who commanded 18,000 men, was created Earl of Athlone. We remember the field where they perish’d, Each hugging the chain of a slave u For the Tyrant they fought for and cherish’d Their freedom had sunk in the grave. And could ye from Pluto recover, Their hearts as they bounded before, “ The Saxon” would fight the fray over, And teach them to tremble once more. These impromptu lines, to the air of “ Why should we quarrel for Riches/’ were composed and sung on hearing “ Moore’s Lamentation of Aughrim.” — {Graham) — — July 21. — Galway capitulated. — — Dec. 4.-— Sir Matthew Bridges appointed Governor of Londonderry and Culmore, by Queen Mary II. He produced her Majesty’s commission, and required from the Irish Society the usual salary of ^£200 a-year, payable to the Governor of Culmore Fort, and the acres belonging thereto, 1692. — April 7. — The Irish Society ordered the salary to be paid and the acres to be enjoyed by the Governor of Culmore Fort in future. — (Concise View.) May 11.— “ That upon petition of Wm. Max- well, for an abatement of his town customs, he was * A correct account of the Battle of Aughrim, in the form of a Tra- gedy, was written by Eobert Ashton, a young Irishman under twenty years of age. It has a preface by Charles Usher, T.C.D., and is usually to be had with another popular play — “Ireland Preserved; or, the Siege of Londonderry, ” both published in a very cheap form. HISTORY OF DERRY 389 abated and acquitted of £2 5s. 5d., in regard of his public contribution for the preservation of this city. “ Ordered that James Young be paid 30s. for beer he furnished to Capt. Forward’s troops at their first coming to join the city forces after the gates were shut. “ Win. Boyd, chapman. — His petition being read for his freedom, it appeared that he was educated in this city, endured the siege, and contributed to the maintenance of his mother, one of the Corporation’s pensioners. His admission was ordered. “ That Edward Carter, cordwainer, who married a freeman’s daughter, four years ago, and endured the siege, be admitted to the freedom .” — ( Corporation Minutes .) May 17.’ — “ Ordered that £200 be paid out of the£l,50Q allowed by their Majesties for the repairs of the Church.” — (Ibid.) This sum of £1,500 was given towards building an Exchange, destroyed at the siege, and for repairs of the Church, Gates and Walls of the city. The Corporation made agreements for repairs of the Church, School and Walls, and ordered £950 to be expended by Francis Neville on the Town Hall or Exchange. The Grand Jury granted £300 towards finishing it, with Court of Judicature and Grand and Petty Jury Rooms. June 9. — “ Upon the petition of Robt. Shan- non,* surgeon and apothecary, who administered me- dicines to the sick and wounded in the city of Lon- donderry, gratis, it is ordered that the treasurer of the Society do pay him £5.” — (Minutes of the Irish Society .) Aug. 22 — “ In consideration of the services of Mr. James Hamilton, of Strabane, merchant, hath acted and done for the defence of this city, it is ordered that he be acquitted and discharged all such sums as now or any time past may be due for town customs of what goods he export or import on his own account.” — (Corporation Minutes.) * See Londeriados, \ age 40. F f2 390 HISTORY OF DERRY -Nov. 2. — “ Ordered that Henry Pierce be ad- mitted to the freedom of the city, gratis, in considera- tion of his good services in the siege.” 4 — {Ibid.) Oct. 3. — Surrender of Limerick. The whole of Ireland submitted toAVilliam. “ Five generations have since passed away ; and still the Wall of Londonderry is to the Protestants of Ulster what the trophy of Marathon was to the Athenians. A lofty pillar, rising from a bastion which bore during many weeks the heaviest fire of the enem}q is seen far up and far down the Foyle. On the summit is the statue of Walker, such as when, in the last and most terrible emergency, his eloquence roused the fainting courage of his brethren. In one hand he grasps a Bible. The other, pointing down the river, seems to direct the eyes of his famished audience to the English topmasts in the distant bay. Such a monument was well deserved : yet it w r as scarcely needed : for in truth the whole city is to this day a monument of the great deliverance. The Wall is carefully preserved ; nor would any plea of health or convenience be held by the inhabitants sufficient to justify the demolition of that sacred enclosure which, in the evil time, gave shelter to their race and their religion. The summit of the ramparts forms a pleasant walk. The bastions have been turned into little gardens. Here and there, among the shrubs and flowers, may be seen the old culverins which scattered bricks, cased with lead, among the Irish ranks. One antique gun, the gift of the Fishmon- gers of London, was distinguished, during the 105 memorable days, by the loudness of its report, and still bears the name of Roaring Meg.” — {Macaulay.) This cannon is four feet six inches round at the thickest part, and eleven feet long. The inscription on it is— 1 “ Fishmongers, London, 1642.” Another bears the arms of Elizabeth — a rose surmounted by a crown, with the letters “E, R.” at each side, and below the date “ 1590.” This was one of the few pieces HISTORY OF DERRY 391 of ordnance possessed by the city on the outbreak of the rebellion of 1641. Another bears the arms of the City of London. [For four others see at close of Annals of 1641, in Chapter V.] A great number of cannon, some of which were used at the siege, serve as posts for fastening cables and protecting buildings. They are gradually disappearing as changes are made in houses, so that if not soon collected and preserved upon the Walls and Bastions they served to defend, we will be left but few of those long neglected memorials. While the present Corporation have, in 1860, mounted a Russian gun, taken at Sebastopol, and placed it at Walker’s Pillar, neither they nor the London Companies, the original donors of most of these venerable relics, have given any attention to them. Of the twenty recorded by Walker to have been on the Walls only nine remain there. CHAPTER VII. COPY MINUTES FROM THE JOURNAL OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 1689. — June 3. — Resolved — That his Majesty be humbly desired to give direction that copies of the Commissions and Instructions given, relating to Lon- donderry and the kingdom of Ireland, be transmitted to the Committee ; and also that Colonel Lundy,* who is a prisoner in the Tower, may be brought to the said Committee. August 12. — Sir Thomas Littleton reports from the Committee appointed to inquire into the miscarriages relating to Ireland and Londonderry, that the Committee had examined several witnesses, but came to no resolutions thereupon ; but had di- rected him to report the matter specially to the House how they had found the same, viz.: — That the Lord * Lundy was a Scotchman, and Lieutentant- Colonel of Lord Mountjoy's regiment. — (See Londeriados, page 33.) He appears to have been quartered in Derry in 168G, as the baptism of his daugh- ter is in the Registry of the Cathedral in that year. 392 HISTORY OF DERRY Kingston, for many months, had maintained the town of Sligo and the country thereabouts for the Protes- tant interest, till April the 13th, Colonel Lundy, Governor of Derry, wrote to him to advance from thence, with what force he could to join the rest of the Protestants, and oppose the late King James’s army from passing the Finn water. Lord Kingston, Major Vaughan, Cornet Nicholson, Henry Nicholson. — That thereupon the Lord Kings- ton came, with 1,000 horse and foot, as far as Bally- shannon, where he stayed for further orders, but could get none, till the enemy got between the place and Londonderry, whereby all communication was inter- cepted ; that by this means the Lord Kingston’s forces were dispersed, and the best regiment of horse the Protestants had, broken ; besides the town of Sligo and all that country possessed by the enemy. Lieut. -Col. Swum informed the Committee that he and Mr. Walker and others persuaded Capt. Williams to keep the Fort at Dungannon, where they raised a foot company and two troops of horse ; that Mr. Walker w r ent from thence to Londonderry to consult Col. Lundy, who promised to send forces and guns thither to make the town the frontier garrison against the enemy, who held Charlemont, within five miles ; that upon this encouragement from Col. Lundy, the country people fortified Dungannon, and brought in a great store of provisions, particularly ^2,000 worth of oatmeal and other grain ; that the 16 th March Col. Lundy wrote a letter to Col. Steward, the Go- vernor of Dungannon, in which he gave him orders to quit the town; and that Mr. Walker and others saw this letter ; that the town was deserted pur- suant to these orders, and all the provisions left in it, which the enemy, from Charlemont, possessed them- selves of, being at that very time ready to starve, and could not have held their own garrisons much longer, for want of provisions, if this had not been. The Committee find, that Mr. James Hamilton, HISTORY OF DERRY 393 who was emploj^ed with arms, money and ammuni- tion, from England to Londonderry, arrived there, the 21st March, and immediately wrote to Col. Lundy to come aboard his ship, who came accordingly, and brought divers gentlemen along with him; that Col. Lundy there took the oaths to be true to King William, before his commission was delivered to him ; but the Mayor of Derry* was not present, being gone into the Irish army, and theDeputy-Mayorf was suspected for a Papist at that time ; that Col. Steward, Capt. Mervyn, and Capt. Corry, were all present when Col. Lundy took the oaths. As to this particular matter, Sir Arthur Hoyden informed the Committee, upon his examination, that himself and Capt. Beverly, who commanded the Jer- sey frigate, and clivers others, were put out of the cabin at that time, under pretence that Col. Lundy and Mr. James Hamilton had private business ; that Mr. Hamilton told them afterwards that he had sworn Col. Lundy, but the Mayor and Aldermen were not present ; that the next day he and most of the officers and gentry did take the oaths, arid that they desired, for their satisfaction, that Col. Lundy might be sworn again, but it was refused. Mr. James Hamilton said that Col. Lundy did assist at the swearing all the garrison, and likewise at the proclaiming of King William, which was done March the two -ancb twentieth. That Mr. Hamilton delivered all the arms and am- munition which he had in charge ; and whereas he had order to receive ,£1,000 at Chester he could get but £595 16s. 8ch, which he paid to Col. Lundy, pur- suant to his instructions, and produced his receipt for it ; and upon the whole the Committee seemed satisfied that Mr. Hamilton had given a good account of himself. The Committee find, that 13th April, the enemy first * Cormack O’Neill, of King James’s Corporation. •f John Buchanan. 394 HISTORY OF DERRY appeared before Londonderry, marching within sight of the town, with the vanguard of their horse, where- upon a council of war was called that afternoon, and a resolution taken to march out the following Mon- day and fight the enemy, the people being very will- ing and desirous so to do. Daniel Sherrard informed the Committee that at this time, when the enemy appeared near the town, the gunner had no ammunition to fire at them, as the gunner himself then told him ; there were three Passes, called Cladyford, Lifford, and Long Cawsey, where all, from sixteen to sixty, were ordered to meet on Monday, the 15th April, to stop the enemy from advancing further towards Londonderry ; that Col. Lundy marched out with great part of the garrison ; and likewise great numbers of Protestants did meet thereabouts. Lord Blaney — That upon the enemy’s coming near the Passes, the Protestants all ran in great confusion ; no order was either given or observed ; that Col. Lundy was looked upon to be the commander-in- chief ; but there was no sort of care taken, few of the men having powder; nor were there three guns fired before they were all routed. Mr. Bennet — That Col. Lundy himselfwas one of the first that fled, bidding the men to shift for themselves, and saying, all was lost ; Col. Chichester m@t Col. Lundy running from the Pass, and told him he must tarry and give some orders or all would be lost, to which Col. Lundy replied that Londonderry was his post, and so made the best of his way thither ; that Col. Lundy, when he came to Londonderry, let in only some few as he pleased, and shut the Gates against the rest, who were* 4,000 or 5,000, that lay without the Walls all that night exposed to the enemy. Mr. David Cairnes — Believes the enemy had notice, some way or other, of the resolution taken on Satur- day, April the 13th, at the council of war, because they marched immediately to the very place where HISTORY OF DERRY 395 the Protestants were to meet, upon the which he went to Col. Lundy and acquainted him with it, and pressed him to march presently, that the enemy might not first get thither ; but he slighted his advice, and said he had taken sufficient care ; but yet never marched till Monday following, ten of the clock. Major Joseph Stroud said that he advised that some 3 j arrows might be thrown into Cladyforff, but he took no care about it, that when he drew up what men he could to make opposition against the enemy, they cried out they wanted powder, and most of them wanted arms.* Mr. Bennet — That there was no breastwork or other defence whatsoever at any of these Passes to save the men or hindering the enemy from coming over. It appeared to the Committee, that the same day the fight was at Cladyford, viz., (April 15th), Col. Cunningham and Col. Richards arrived in London- derry river, with the two regiments under their com- mand ; that Col. Cunningham wrote two letters! pre- sently to Col. Lundy, the import of which letters were to acquaint him with his arrival with two fresh regiments, and to know in what condition the town stood; and that he stayed for further orders, but, receiving no answer to these letters, about nine o’clock at night he sent Major Tiffany up to the Governor with a third letter, to the same purpose ; that Major Tiffany, as he went, met Col. Lundy’s messenger, carrying an answer; to the two former letters, and took him back with him to Londonderry, where Col. Lundy opened his own letter again, which he had sent, and inserted a postscript in it; the purport of his letter was that Col. Cunningham should land the two regiments as soon as he could, and that he would give them the best accommodation the town afforded ; * See Walker, page 139. + See Mackenzie, page 202. \ See Ditto, 205. 396 HISTORY OF DERRY in the postscript he confirms the same orders as to landing the men, but intimates that when they should discourse together the place would be found not tena- ble, and so refers him further to the bearer, which was Major Tiffany, that carried this letter ; that the next morning, Tuesday the 16th, Col. Cunningham sent to Col. Richards to bring three or four of his officers along with him, and he taking the like num- ber of his own, they went all up to Londonderry, leav- ing the men aboard the ships ; that they went directly to the Governor’s house, where they met great number of the gentry and officers that were then in town ; and Col. Richards said that Col. Cunningham and the Governor whispered together at the window, but knows not what they said ; that in a short time after their arrival, Col. Lundy proposed to go to a council of war, in the Council Chamber, whither they went accordingly ; that Col. Lundy did refuse to admit divers of the officers, who did use to come to former councils, particularly Col. Hamilton, Col. Chichester, Major Walker and Major Baker ; and that Col. Chi- chester and Major Walker endeavouring to thrust into the room, Col. Lundy ordered them to be kept out, saying they were to be a select company ; Col. Lundy was the first man that spoke at this council of war, and made a proposition to quit the town, and send the two regiments back again, alleging for his reason that there was not above a week or ten days pro- vision left in the town, and that the enemy was 25,000 strong, and within four or five miles ; that this pro- position was consented to by all present, without any contradiction, saving that Col. Richards says he op- posed it by saying “ Quitting the town was quitting of a kingdom,” whereupon one present rose up and swore he would be hanged for no man’s pleasure, which, he thinks, was Major Tiffany ; and another said he would go home, let who would be displeased, which, he thinks, might be Col. Cunningham, but is not positive ; that all present subscribed a paper of HISTORY OF DERRY 397 their consent to quit the town, which paper began in these words : — “ Finding, upon inquiry, that there was not above a w T eek or ten days 7 provision, &c.; ,? whereas, in truth, no inquiry was made at the coun- cil of war, but all present took the Governor’s word for it, who did inform them that he had searched the stores ; that they did all agree afterwards, upon their honour, not to discover what resolution they had taken ; Col. Richards says the Governor did propose an oath of secrecy, which, he first refusing, was rejected. The Lord Blane} T said there was a proposition made to destroy all the ammunition left in the town, which the Governor approved, saying it was better so to do than to let it fall into the hands of the enemy ; but nothing was resolved as to this matter. Cornet Nicholson said that there was at this time great store of provisions in the town, every house having great plenty ; that provisions came daily into the town, in boats, sufficient at this time for three months, for 3,000 men, as Col. Lundy himself told the Lord Blaney but very little while before this council of war was held ; that, after this council of war was up, the people were very desirous of knowing what resolutions they had taken, and the more to amuse them it was generally reported that they had resolved to land the men immediately and march them into the town. Col. Chichester said that that afternoon Col. Cun- ningham and Col. Richards, and most of the gentry and officers that were present at the council of war, went down to the ships, as the people thought, to bring up the men, but, when they saw the ships fall down lower from the town, they first took the alarm, and cried out they were betrayed ; that the Governor, Col. Lundy, said the council of war had resolved the men should be landed, and to make it the more credi- ble, pretended to give some orders about quarters ; and when so many gentlemen’s going down to the 398 HISTORY OF DERRY ships frightened the townspeople, he said they went only to see the men land. The Committee find, that when the ships fell so far down, that it appeared plainly there w T as no inten- tions of landing men ; the people then went and beset Col. Lundy’s house, and from that time watched him so close that he could not make his escape to the ships, which stayed for him, yet that he sent to Col. Cunningham not to go away without him, lest he be- came a sacrifice to the rabble ; that the next morning, April 17th, one Mr. Cunningham, the Colonel’s bro- ther, and one Capt. Cole, were sent from the town aboard the ships, to Col. Cunningham, to offer him the government of the town if he would come up and take possession of it, and land his two regiments, at the same time telling him they had sufficient provi- sions in the town, and that they, being great numbers of men, w ould march out and take the field, and leave Mr Bennet ^he g arr ^ son to his care ; but Col. Cun- ningham refused the offer, bidding them go back and obey their Governor, all which he con- fessed, saving that Capt. Cole was the only messen- ger that came to him, without an}^ further authority than from the rabble ; that the ships came back to Liverpool with most of the officers and gentry be- longing to the town; but Col. Lundy was left behind at Londonderry, from whence he after made his escape into Scotland, in a private soldier’s habit. Upon Tuesday, April 16th, there came one Whit- loe, the minister of Raphoe to Londonderry, from Lieut. -Col. Hamilton, to propose a treaty for the surrender of the town ; the next day another council of war held, when this Wliitloe was present, and sat near the Governor ; that Archdeacon Hamilton, Capt. Kinaston, and Mr. Francis Neville were sent out by the town to Lieut. -General Hamilton, to see what terms they could get ; they received but one article, viz.: to surrender the town, their serviceable horses and anus, and they might live peaceably, which arti : HISTORY OF DERRY 399 cle they had under the hand of Lieut.-Gen. Hamil- ton, and likewise of Gen. Rosen, who commanded in chief. When Mr. Francis Neville came back to London- derry he was denied entrance into the town by one Mr Neville Captain Whitney, that commanded that night, who pretended from the Walls that he did not know him, by which means he lay in a little liut all night, and was there taken by the enemy, where he has undergone great hardship since, till he made his escape from Dublin, and brought his bail along with him. The Committee were informed by Cornet Nichol- son, that he asked Mr. Whitloe, the minister, with whom he had been formerly acquainted, upon 16th April, at Londonderry, what Col. Lundy intended to do concerning the delivering the town. Whitloe seemed at first very shy towards him, but, at last, told him the town would be delivered before Satur- day following, and that he was to receive his letters next morning from Col. Lundy ; and he advised him, as an old acquaintance, to shift for himself. Cornet Nicholson says further, that he told this very pas- sage the same day, to Mr. Henry Nicholson and one Dr. Lasby; when Henry Nicholson was examined before the Committee, and confessed he was told of it at that time, and they both believing the town would be betrayed, left it for that reason. Mr. Bennet — That there was a stack of hay, and 150 or 200 barrels of salmon, belonging to the Lord Massareene, within a quarter of a mile of London- Sir Arthur Royden. den T- which haye ^en had into the town fur fetching, but the Governor took no care about it ; but Col. Lundy said it was got in ; and Mr. Neville said the same thing, that Mr. Jemmit, the Governor of Culmore Fort, did get it in. Sir Arthur Royden informed the Committee, that he often desired Col. Lundy that his men might be 400 HISTORY OF DERRY employed to fetch in provisions ; but he could never give him orders for it ; only one day his men brought in 300 horse load of meal without order ; he says further, that Col. Lundy told him, but three days before Cunningham and Richards came to Lon- donderry, that there were then in the town three months’ provision for 6,000 men. Daniel Sherrard informed the Committee that Col. Lundy had preferred a captain in his own regiment, who had sworn he would not serve King William, nor receive pay against King James; that Col. Lundy admitted one Mr. Netterville to the Council, who was suspected to hold correspondence with King James, and afterwards actually went to him ; that, at the council of war, Whitloe, that came about the surrender of the town, was present, and sat near the Governor; and that Col. Lundy there said the town could not hold out, but must surrender; that one Dan Sherrard that was ^ ie Lord Tyrconnell’s ’ secretary, held constant correspondence with Col. Lundy, by letters, till the army came down and the post was stopped, and franked them with his own name upon the superscription, and Col. Lundy wrote to him again. Col. Lundy, being several times examined, says, as to the fight at the Pass, that the men would not stand, but ran away; so he fled among the rest, but denies he bid them shift forthemselves. He says, when he came to Londonderry, he shut the Gates against the rabble, knowing it would quickly make a great scarcity of provisions ; he says, Major Tiffany, when he brought Cunningham’s letter, told him they had brought no provisions for the town, and proposed that Col. Cunningham might come up and discourse with him, before the men were landed, and that he did consent to it. Col. Cunningham says he gave Tiffany no such orders ; he owns the proceedings at the council of war, and says he did not know but that provisions were scarce, as he had represented HISTORY OF DERRY 401 tliem ; he denies the several discourses and confes- sions which the witnesses have charged him with. Col. Cunningham being examined, says, that as to the proceedings at the council of war, it was as is mentioned ; but denies the words he should say, “He would go home again, let who would be displeased with it;” denies his brother ever came down to the ships, only Capt. Cole ; says, he having a good opinion of Col. Lundy’s loyalty, bids them go back and obey their Governor. There was mention made of Col. Cunningham being named in the Dispensation to Popish officers for not taking the oaths and test, to which he said, he knew not how his name came to be inserted ; but he produced a certificate, from the officer in the King's Bench Court, whereby it ap- peared that he did take the oaths and test at that very time, which satisfied the Committee as to that matter, Upon Richards’ being examined, it appeared to the Committee that Cunningham was his commander- in-chief, and that he had acted nothing in the whole matter, but in obedience to his superior officer. Colonel Chichester informed the Committee, that Capt. Cornwall, commander of the Swallow frigate, which carried Col. Cunningham to Londonderry, when he came back again for England, brought a great many Protestant passengers aboard his ship, and demanded four pounds a-head of every one ; and, where the money was not to be had, plundered them of their swords, watches, clothes, or anything they had, in a very barbarous manner. Sir Thomas Littleton also acquainted the House that he was directed by the said Committee to move the House that an Address may be presented to his Majesty, that the said Colonel Cunningham may be bailed. Resolved — That an humble address be presented to his Majesty by such members of this House as are of his Majesty’s most honourable Privy Council, that Col. gg2 402 HISTORY OF DERRY Lundy be sent over to Londonderry, to be tried there for the treasons that are laid to his charge. Nov. 18. — A petition of Dr. George Walker was read, setting forth that there being 2,000 widows and orphans, that were made such by the siege of Londonderry, in a poor condition, who must starve without the relief of the House, and seventeen of the clergy of the Church of England, and seven Dissent- ing ministers, who did considerable service during the siege; and for that the petitioner hath been Go- vernor of the said city in the said siege, is obliged humbly to lay their sad and deplorable conditions before the House, and praying speedy relief in the premises — Resolved — That an humble address be presented to his Majesty by such members of this House, as are of his Majesty's most honourable Privy Council, that he will please to distribute the sum of £10,000 among the widows and orphans of such as were slain and died in the siege of Londonderry, and the clergy- men that were concerned therein. Resolved — That the thanks of the House be given to Dr. Walker for the service he did at Londonderry. Nov. 19. — The House being informed that Dr. Walker was at the door, he was called, and Mr. Speaker gave him the thanks of the House, accord- ing to the order of yesterday, to the effect following, viz.: — Dr. Walker — The House received a petition from you, yesterday, on behalf of several widows and orphans of those that were slain and died in the siege of Londonderry, and also of the clergy that were there, and sustained great hardship in the siege ; and this House has thought fit to recommend your petition, with an address, to the King, that there might be £10,000 paid for the ease of their present sufferings. They likewise take notice of the extra- ordinary service you have done to their Majesties, &nd to England and Ireland, in Defence of London-- HISTORY OF DERRY 403 derry, and especially in that you undertook it when those to whose care it was committed, did shamefully, if not perfidiously, desert that place ; and have thought fit to show a particular esteem of your merit, and give you the thanks of this House ; and they would have you to give the thanks of this House to all those that were in that service. Whereto, Dr. Walker spake to the effect following: Sir —As for service I have done, it is very little, and does not deserve this favour you have done me. I shall give the thanks of this House to those con- cerned with me, as you desire ; and dare assure you, that both I and they will continue faithful to the ser- vice of King William and Queen Mary to the end of their lives. CHAPTER VIII. ANNALS OF LONDONDERRY FROM THE REVOLUTION TILL THE UNION. Two colours, taken from the besiegers at Wind- mill Hill, on 7th May, 1 689, were placed in the Chancel of the Cathedral by Colonel Mitchelburne, with the consent and approbation of Bishop King, who was afterwards Archbishop of Dublin. [See copy Tablet, in the east window of the Cathedral, page 324 ante.] This is the earliest record of a commemoration of the siege we have yet discovered. 1692. — “Seventy officers who had served in the city during the siege, petitioned the Irish Society for assistance ; arid, on the 22d June the following year, various sums were directed to be given to them.” — (Gillespie.) “ It is a fact but too well ascertained, that not- withstanding the brave, and, at length, successful efforts of the inhabitants of Londonderry, in the cause of Liberty, they were left to suffer in want and obscurity, in a ruined city, with annihilated trade.” — (. Douglas's Derriana .) In proof of the foregoing statement we find that a 404 HISTORY OF DERRY neighbouring congregation were compelled to resort to Belfast to obtain the elements necessary for the administration of the Holy Communion. “The following notice, taken from the old session- book of the congregation of Burt, near Derry, will, doubtless, surprise many of my readers. On the 25th June, 1694, the minister and session resolved that the Lord’s Supper should be administered in that congregation. For this purpose, it was neces- sary to send a person all the way to Belfast to pur- chase the wine, consisting of thirty-six bottles of claret ; and two other persons were authorised to provide the wheat, and get it ground and baked. The expenses of this Communion amounted to above six guineas, a large sum in those days. The following are the items: — Wine, <£4 17s. 6d.; carriage, 12s.; wheat, 8s.; grinding, Is 2d.; baking, 2s. 6d.; cask, 2s. 8d.; tickets, 3s. 6d.; nails, 6d. — Total, £6 7s. 10s. ” — {Reid.) 1695. — Jan. 2. — The Treasurer of the Irish Society was ordered to “pay to the several Companies of Mercers, Grocers, Drapers, Fishmongers, Skinners, Merchant Tailors, Haberdashers, Salters, Ironmon- gers, Vintners and Clothworkers, who advanced and lent to the Society £100 each, towards the present relief of the inhabitants of Londonderry after the siege, the said sums in full with interest after the rate of six per cent.” — {Minutes of the Irish Society .) Aug. 15. — “Upon the humble petition of Hugh Montgomery, a poor ancient man, and a great sufferer in the late siege of Londonderry, it is ordered that Mr. Treasurer do, for his present relief, pay unto him the sum of three pounds.” — {Ibid.) Indorsed — “ Copy of a Letter to the Earl of Bumney .” Mat it please your Lordship — When your Lordship’s presence honoured, and your good government secured this his Majesty’s kingdom, your Lordship was pleased to honour this poor city by many marks of your favour; and by your Lordship’s condescending, to heeome one of its Freemen, for which your Lordship shall ever HISTORY OF DERRY 405 have the grateful acknowledgements and votes of this city. We have these five years last past been petitioners to his Majesty for some satisfaction for money disbursed by the inhabitants of this place for arms, ammunition, provisions, &c., and money given to horse, foot, and dragoons, raised in the times of extremity and danger, for his Majesty’s service in this and several other garrisons, as also for houses demolished pursuant to his Majesty’s instructions, and by the enemy’s guns and bombs — with all which, the bearer, David Cairnes, Esq., will more particularly acquaint your Lordship. And we most humbly beseech your Lordship to take our case into your consideration, and to be our advocate to his Majesty, that out of the forfeited estates of this kingdom, or otherwise, we may be reimbursed, as his Ma- jesty in his princely wisdom and goodness shall think fit, for the relief of the many poor and distressed families, widows, and orphans of this city, impoverished by our early appearance in war. Praying for your Lordship’s health and prosperity, we are your Lordship’s most humbly devoted servants. Londonderry, Jan. 17, 1695. ( Copy of an Original Letter , of which Counsellor Cairnes is pre- sumed to have been the writer.) My Lord — Your Lordship will, I hope, pardon this liberty I take to acquaint your Lordship that the poor city of Londonderry we spoke to your Lordship about, after all its applications, attendance, and great charge these several years past, and, notwithstanding the vote of the House of Commons of England, and vote and address of the Commons of Ireland, also in Parliament, and earnest solici- tations of the city of London, all in its behalf, as their universal desire and request to have it some way considered, effectually, for its great services and sufferings, so known to the world so conducive to the saving these kingdoms, and securing this government, while that poor city stood in the gap, and made itself a miserable sacrifice for those ends, with a witness, lying to this day in misery and rubbish, for its great zeal to his present Majesty and Government, when it might had any conditions could be asked from the late King, if it would have surrendered. Now, after all, without being once heard as to the merits of the case, by the Lords of the Treasury, or any report made, though often desired on the reference to them by the King in its behalf, which has lain before them above this year past, it was on Wednesday last, on their laying matters of Ireland before his Majesty, rejected quite, as I hear, and all applications in its be- half, to be left, it seems, in its misery and ruins, for ever, without further regard. This, my Lord, I assure your Honour, is amazing to all that hear it, and will sound loud through these kingdoms very soon, and be the most rejoicing news to the Papists of Ireland, and others ill- affected, that they have heard of late years, who will reckon themselves now truly revenged on that city, for that they suffer thereby, and that by the same Government it hath undergone so much for, and will ridicule it still more, as they have done these years past, with the noble rewards it has got for its violent opposi- 406 HISTORY OF DERRY tion to its rightful Prince, as they call the late King, ?nd will, I am certain, be a damp to the hearts of many thousand Protestants, be- sides those of that city, who have had greatest zeal for his present Ma- jesty and Government, when they hear and observe how matters have gone, and do go, with reference to that kingdom, that will per- haps be more public hereafter, when that poor city’s now rejection, that has suffered so much, will look but ill of a piece with anything generous or great in this reign, in the future remarks made, for remarks there will be : the stones of those ruins, and the dust of that rubbish, will cry aloud, when we are dead, as they do at this day, as well as the unregarded sighs and tears of the many widows and orphans of that place, that have nothing to comfort them. For my own part, I shall, with what patience I can, endeavour to hear my share, which is not the least in the hard fate of that city, as I had in first securing and preserving the same, and see all my zeal, sore travels, and losses pass for nought ; but know not, I solemnly pro- test, how to look them people in the face I so much excited to what they have done and suffered, and have endeavoured still to keep in hopes it would not he in vain. What remains is, that we leave things to God and His righteous judgment, who so visibly owned us in that poor city, how little so ever now regarded by men. What further resolutions those people may think fit to take for their relief, or, what they may do, I know not, or whether your Lordship will please to mention them or me any more to the King, I humbly leave to your Lordship’s great wisdom. Begging your Lordship’s pardon for this tedious epistle, which I hope your Lordship will vouchsafe to. Your Lordship's most obedient, April, 16, 1G97. And most humble Servant. 1699 — April 20. — “That a summons be sent to Colonel Mitchelburne, in writing, (and therein giving him notice of the cause of the summons to answer the letter delivered to him, byDavid Cairnes, Esq., touching the printed Case, &c., called “ The State of the Case of the Governor and Officers and Soldiers actually Concerned in the Defence of the City of Lon- donderry, M spread abroad by him in London, to the great scandal and prejudice of this city,) to appear at next Council, to be held at the Guild Hall.” — (Cor- poration Minutes .) — —April 25. — “This Council being met, and Alderman John Mitchelburne appearing, and the printed case of the Governor, &c., being read, the said Alderman was demanded whether he owned or disowned the said pamphlet to be his. He answered he would give no answer thereto, and being again HISTORY OF DERRY 407 urged to answer directly, he said that what he had said he had said, and would give no other answer, saying he was in no fit place to answer it. Then, of- fering to withdraw, was required and commanded by the Mayor, b}^ virtue of his oath, not to depart the Council ; notwithstanding, he departed without leave. Then the order of Common Council, held 11th June, 1698, (ordering the Chamberlain to write to Col. Mitclielburne to have his answer, whether he owned or disowned the said Case, and that the said letter should be sent to Mr. Cairnes, to deliver to the said Colonel, and to demand his answer,) being read, Now David Cairnes, being present, made oath on the Holy Evangelists, that he delivered the Chamber- lain's letter to Alderman John Mitchelburne, in West- minster Hall, demanded his answer, who replied he would not answer him, but would answer the c ; ty ; and it appearing that to this day he never answered the same; and the said David Cairnes further depos- ing, saith that he saw the said Case given out and dis- persed in London, and to the members of Parlia- ment, as the Case of the said Alderman ; and further saith, that he verily believes the said printed Case did tend much to the prejudice of this city. Upon con- sideration had of the whole matter, &c., and consider- ing that, the said Case contains many very notorious falsehoods and untruths and misrepresentations of and against the city ; and the said Alderman again appearing into Council, unrequired, about half-an* hour after, and being again asked if he would own or disown the said Case, would give no answer thereto ; therefore, the Common Council desired him to with- draw T till they considered of the matter, and the ques- tion being put whether it should be deferred for the Recorder’s opinion or proceed now — Resolved — That the said Alderman John Mitchelburne be dis- franchised and he is hereby disfrancised, displaced, and removed from the office of an Alderman of this pity.” — {Ibid.) 408 HISTORY OF DERRY ‘April 28. — “ Samuel Leeson, elected Alderman in the place of John Mitchelburne, lately removed from said office.” — (Ibid.) -August 11. — “ Resolved for a Committee to meet with Mr. Cairnes (to draw up the causes of dis- franchising Col. Mitchelburne, to be put in readiness against next term, to take off the contempt in the King’s Bench, for which a tipstaffe was sent down against Mr. Mayor, by whom he was attached 14th July last, and fees paid the tipstaffe, viz., £3 19*s. 4d., and bonds for the Mayor’s appearance and payment of fees, &c.,) be appointed, viz., the Mayor, Lennox, Kennedy, Ash, Long, Shannon, Denning, Mackie, and Harvey.” — (Ibid.) April 28. — “ A note, signed by Col. Mitchel- burne, directed to the Mayor of Londondeny, (desir- ing that the Chamberlain may be ordered to give a copy of the Common Council, for which he was turned out of the Corporation,) being read — Ordered, that the said note be laid among the records of the Corporation, and the Mayor may give a suitable ver- bal answer.” — (Ibid.) 1700 — April 2. — “ A Bill of Costs for suit against Col. Mitchelburne. Ordered, that the Chamberlain pay Mr. Conolly <£54 10s. 6d.”— (Ibid.) May 29. — “The Mayor produced a writ of mandamus , with which he was served yesterday, at the suit of Col. John Mitchelburne, requiring the said John Mitchelburne to be restored to the place of ( alderman, from which he was removed, or the cause ; be shown why he is not restored. Resolved — That cause be shown wherefore this Corporation can’t ; restore him to the place he was so justly removed from.” — (Ibid.) 1702. — Charles Hickman, of Northamptonshire, Bishop till his death in 1713. 1703 — August 31. — “£51 17s., costs of mandamus of Col. Mitchelburne, ordered to be paid by the Chamberlain.” — (Corporation Minutes.) HISTORY OF DERRY m Without, having access to a cop}^ of the book referred to by the Corporation, it is impossible to judge between them and Colonel Mitchelburne, but it will be found that the same measure they meted out to him was soon measured to them again. By an Act (2d Anne, chap. 6,) passed in the Parliament of Ireland, this year, it was enacted “ That all persons who shall bear any office under her Ma- jesty, on the first day of Easter Term, which shall be in 1704, shall, before the end of said term, or in the Trinity Term next following, in public and open court, between nine and twelve o’clock, in the fore- noon, take the oaths and declaration appointed, and also the Oath of Abjuration, and all persons and officers not having taken the said oaths and declara- tions, shall, before the first August, 1704, at the Sessions for the county where he shall reside or be on the 20th May, 1704, take the said oaths, &c., or be disqualified : and the said officers shall also receive the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, according to the usage of the Church of Ireland, before 1st August, 1704, in some parish church, upon some Lord’s Lay, commonly called Sunday, immediately after Divine service and sermon.” 1704. — “ At a Common Council, held 28th July, Present — Samuel Leeson, Mayor; Alex. Lecky , James Lennox , Henry Ash, Horace Kennedy , Edward Brookes , Robt. Shannon* Wm. Mackie , John Coican, Hugh Davey, Aldermen; Joseph Davey , Sheriff; John Harvey , Chamberlain; John Crookshanks, Alex. Coningham, Robert Harvey , Robert Gamble , John Dixon , John Denning, Geo. Tomkins, Charles Norman, Thos. Lecky and Robt. Dent, Burgesses. “ Alex. Lecky, Esq., an Alderman of this city, and Justice of the Peace, not having qualified himself according to the late Act made in this kingdom, for preventing the growth of Popery, prays this Com- * This name is spelled Shennan in the Corporation and Irish So cietv Minutes, as it is in Londeriad, page 4G. II H 410 HISTORY OF DERRY mon Council he may be allowed to surrender and demit the same ; and his surrender of Alderman and Justice of the Peace is accordingly accepted. Joseph Davey, Esq., one of the Sheriffs of the City and County, likewise surrendered his office of Sheriff, and was accepted, and Mr. Wm. Edgar, of this city, chosen in his room, who, being sent for and willing to serve, was sworn Sheriff and Common Councillor. Mr. John Harvey likewise surrendered his Chamber- lain’s office, which was accepted, and Mr. John Den- ning, one of the Burgesses, elected in his place, and sworn accordingly. Charles Norman elected Aider- man, in room of Alderman Lecky. “ At a Common Council, held 31st July, Henry Long , Alderman, and Joseph Morrison and Archd. Coningham , Burgesses, were present, who had not been at the lasc meeting; and Alexander Skipton, Esq., Sheriff, being at the point of death, and unable to qualify, as required by the late Act, Mr. John Rid- dell is sworn Sheriff and Common Councillor.” — - (< Corporation Minutes,) The names above given, except Leeson, Ash, Crook- shanks, Alexander Coningham, Denning, Tomkins, Norman, Thomas Lecky, and Dent, do not appear again at any meeting of the Corporation ; and as twenty-three new members were immediately chosen, including the two Sheriffs above elected, we con- clude that twenty-two, out of a Corporation of thirty- eight, neglected to qualify as required by the Act. The other Nonconformists, of whose names I am not certain, must have included another Alderman, with David Cairns , and four other Burgesses, in all ten Aldermen and twelve Burgesses. The names of the Nonconformists are printed in italics. By the 19th and 20th &eo. III., chap. 6, passed in 1780, the Test Act, was repealed. 1713.— John Hartstronge, of Norfolk, Bishop till his death in 1716. He gave leave that Colonel Mitchelburne should place an inscription on the HISTORY OF DERRY 411 sill of the east window of the Cathedral, to per- petuate the memory of the siege, at which Col. Mit- chelburne was Governor, that when the colours, taken by him from the enemy, should fail, it should keep in remembrance the eminent and extraordinary ser- vices then performed. [See ante, page 324.] 1714. — August 25. — Thomas Meredith appointed Governor of Derry- 1716. — St. George Ashe, of Roscommon, Bishop. He died in 1717. 1718. — William Nicolson, of Cumberland, Bishop till his death in 1726, He had been just before ap- pointed Archbishop of Cashel. He was the author of the English, Scotch and Irish Historical Library. Through the courtesy of one of his descendants, in whose possession his Diary is preserved, two extracts from it are here given : — “ 1718— Aug. 1. — I read prayers, first and second services, at Londonderry. Col. Mitchelburne’s Bloody Flag being hoisted y e first time on y e Steeple. P.M. Great guns and volleys. Even. Splendid treat in y e Tolsel. Fireworks and Illuminations,” “ 1720. — Aug. 1. — Mr. Ward preached and dined with me ; Ditto, Col. Mitchelburne, Dr. Squire, Mr. Blackhall, &c. Bonfires.” 171 9 — July. — Henry Barry (Lord Santry) appointed Governor. 1720. — David Cairnes died and was buried in the Cathedral graveyard, Londonderry, .The Old Deanery erected. 1721 — October 1. — John Mitchelburne, grandson of Sir Richard Mitchelburne, of Broadhurst, Sussex, died at Londonderry, and was buried in the Old Church-yard of Glendermott, near to Adam Murray. Extract from his Will, dated 12th July, 1721 : — “ I, John Mitchelburne, of the city of Londonderry, being desir- ous to settle and dispose of what temporal estate it hath pleased Almighty God to bless me with, do make this my last Will and Testament. I order for maintaining the Flag on the steeple of Derry fifty pounds, for which I have already given my bond.” 412 HISTORY OF DERRY 1725. — “ Cicily Jackson burned at a stake outside Bishop’s-Gate, for the murder of her natural child. 5 ' —(Gillespie’s Annals of Londonderry.) 1720. — Henry Downes, Bishop. He died in 1734. 1734. — Thomas Bundle, Bishop, He died in 1742. 1735. — The Mayor and Aldermen of Londonderry granted a Charter of Incorporation to the Handi- craftsmen and Artificers, Freemen of the city, to hold a Guild of the thirty-six tradesmen following: — John Veal, master; Wm. King, V. Hardin, wardens ; John Mitchell, clerk; Thos. Dougherty, beadle ; Wm. Cromly, John Gregg, W. King, Laughlin M‘Fadin, tailors. John Lawrence, J. Veal, Edwd. Sanders, Thos. Ferguson, smiths, coppersmiths, and cutlers. John Gwyn, Bobt. Nixon, Jas. Gwyn, Thomas Gamble, sur- geon-barbers. John Garraway, James Boggs, bakers. Archibald Galbraith, John Osburn, Wm. Boss, John Carson, carpenters. John Clinton, Bobert Bell, John Missaroon, Alex. Buchannan, cordwainers. William Gray, Bichard Thomas, saddlers and ropemakers. Valentine Hardin, Jas. M‘Donagh, tanners andcurriers. Lancelot Greenup, John Lowis, Jas. Morrison, skin- ners and stationers. Thos. Patton, Abraham Hope, weavers. Wm. Ellis, Denis Kelly, Francis Jennings, coopers and chandlers. John M'Farland, mason. The Charter is signed by Edward Skipton, Mayor; George Tomkins, Henry M‘Manus, Peter Stanley, Hugh Edwards, William Lecky, George Vaughan, Thos. Moncrieff, George Hart, Alex. Tomkins, Henry Hart, and Jos. Bolton, Aldermen. The Guild had power to make laws and ordinances for the government of their respective arts and occu- pations, subject to the approval of the Mayor and Aldermen. It has long been dissolved, and, in con- sequence, there have arisen, from time to time, vari- ous associations, called Trades’ Unions, who, with- out legal authority, attempt to make and enforce Trade Begulations. 1740.- “A great frost. The Foyle frozen over. HISTORY OF DERRY 413 and an ox roasted on the ice opposite the Ship Quay.” — ( Gillespie .) 1742. — Carew Reynell, Bishop. He died in 1745. 1745. — George Stone, Bishop till his promotion to Armagh in 1746. 1746. — William Barnard, Bishop till his death in 1768. He built the Chapel of Ease. It accommo- dates about 300 persons. He erected the Palace. 1749— -Oct. 32. — Major-General Phineas Bowles Governor. 1750. — Alderman Peter Stanley, died 6th Novem- ber. “He bequeathed all his houses in Derry, with their acres and perches, to the amount of £42, yearly profit rent, to the Dean and Curates of Derry (for the time being), and his heirs, Aid. George Crook- shanks and William Kennedy, in trust, to be dis- tributed to thirty poor of the city and liberties of Derry, on this side the river. He also bequeathed twenty barrels of shelling to be distributed an- nually, in May, by the Curate and Churchwardens of Glendermott.” — (Inscription on Tomb in Chapel of Ease Cemetery.) 1756 — April 12. — Henry Cornwall held the Joint- Governorship of Londonderry and Culmore Fort. Since this period they have continued united. 1763. — Nov. 3. — Provost Andrews, a native of Derry, and Representative of this cit}^ in address- ing the House of Commons, spoke as follows : — “ If this nation had been so happy as to have its history written by any author of abilities equal to the work, the actions of the citi- zens of Derry would have furnished its most shining passages — pas- sages which would have embellished the most illustrious historian, and highly honoured the most heroic nation. The citizens of Derry supported the laws, the religion, and the liberty of their country, in defiance of all the miseries that the cruelty of war, aggravated by the sanguinary rage of bigotry and superstition, could bring upon them. To say that they gave their lives a ransom for the blessings which their posterity enjoy, is to wrong them of half their praise, rif we do not consider the manner in which it was paid. The pomp of war and the sound of the trumpet awake in almost every mind a sudden and tumultuous courage, which rather overlooks danger than defies it, and rather suspends our attention to life, than reconciles hh2 414 HISTORY OF DERRY us to the loss of it. The soldier rushes forward with impetuosity, and when he hears the thunder of the battle, can glory in the elation of his mind ; hut when death approaches with a slow and silent pace, when he is seen at leisure, and contemplated, in all his terrors, the spirits shrink back to the heart, the love of fame, and even the hope of Heaven, is chilled within us, and the man at once prevails, not over the hero only, but the saint. “ Of the few that in this hour of horror have surmounted the sense of their own condition, who is he that has looked with the same equanimity upon the partners of his fortune and the pledges of his love ? When a wife or a clrld has been a hostage, and the tyrant’s dagger has been lifted to their breast, how has the hero and the patriot melted in the husband and the father! “ By what name, then, shall we distinguish the virtue of the citi- zens of Derry, who did not rush upon death for their country, in the momentary ardour of sudden contest, in the pomp and tumult of the held of battle, but waited his deliberate, though irresistible approach, shut up within their own walls, in the gloomy recesses of sickness and famine; and who, while they felt the pangs of hunger under- mining life in themselves, beheld also its destructive influence in those whose lives were still dearer than their own : who heard the faltering* voice of helpless infancy complain, till the sounds at last died upon the tongue ; and who saw the languid eye of fainting beauty express what no language could utter, till it was closed in death. In this trial to stand firm — in this conflict to be more than conquerors— was it not also to be more than men! To have been the birthplace or the residence of one such hero would have fired a thousand cities with envy, and have rendered the meanest hamlet illustrious forever. “ What, then, is Derry, whose whole inhabitants were animated by this divine virtue, like a common soul? Nor is it strange that their posterity should be still distinguished by the same spirit ; for, how is it possible they should hear the recital of these wonders, and enjoy the benefits they procured, without glowing at once with gratitude and emulation. Their virtue, from whatever cause, has been long hereditary. In the civil wars of 1641, Derry was the impregnable city, which baffled all the force of the rebels, to the encouragement and support, of the whole North of Ireland. In the glorious Devolu- tion of 1688, a crisis, perhaps the most important that ever happened in any age or any country, Derry stood forth the bulwark of the laws, religion and liberty of this nation. To Derry we all owe, in a great measure, the ample and peaceable possession of them, in which we are happy at this day ; and how Derry behaved during the late insurrections we need not be told.” .Primitive Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Maga- zine Street, built. It was used by Wesley on his first visit to Derry in 1765. 1765 to 1771. — The Parliament voted T4,590 15s., to erect a Pier and complete the Quay of London- HISTORY OF DERRY 41 5 1765. — Lieut. -General Robert Riche Governor. 1768. — Frederick Hervey, Bishop till his death in 1803. He nearly rebuilt the Palace, and contributed largely to the erection of a spire and other altera- tions of the Cathedral. He generally exercised his patronage for the advancement of the senior curates of his diocese. In 1779 he succeeded to the title of Earl of Bristol. .The Old Wesleyan Methodist Chapel built at Rosemary Lane. In June, 1772, the first Newspaper was published in Derry, called the “Londonderry Journal and Donegal and Tyrone Advertiser,” by George Douglas, a Scotchman, who edited and conducted it till 1796. Its volumes, bound and presented by him to the peo- ple of Derry, in 1796, with an express desire for their careful preservation, have been much mutilated, and several pages torn out. They are deposited in the News Room and Library. The following annals are extracted from it. The dates of the Papers extracted from are given in the margin : — 1772 — July 25. — Last Monday afternoon, a but- cher in this city was put in the stocks, for the space of one hour, and fined in the sum of 11s. 4d., being convicted of selling ram instead of ewe mutton, con- trary to law. .Last Friday arrived in the river, from Phila- delphia, the ship Jupiter, Capt. Ewing, all well. It is remarkable that they went there in twenty-seven days, and returned in the like number, the quickest passage ever made from this port to America. August 5. — Saturday last, being the ever- memorable First of August, was observed here with uncommon demonstrations of joy. The morning was ushered in with the ringing of bells, and the flag displayed upon the steeple of the Church. At twelve o’clock the Worshipful Mayor, attended by the Cor- poration and Freemen, assembled at the Town Hall,, and from thence walked in procession to the Cathe- 416 HISTORY OF DERRY dral of St. Columb, were divine service was performed, an anthem sung by the Blue Boys, and an excellent sermon, suited to the occasion, was preached by the Bev. Mr. Soden. They then returned in the same manner to the Town Hall, where an elegant dinner, consisting of above 100 dishes, was provided at the expense of Hugh Hill, Esq., our present worthy Mayor : and the day was concluded with illumina- tions, firings, and other tokens of joy, proper to com- memorate so remarkable and never-to-be-forgotten day — a day that must ever call forth the most sincere gratitude and thankfulness of all true Protestants to the Almighty, who so providentially stretched forth His arm, and so signally delivered from Popery, slavery, and arbitrary power. August 5. — Saturday last being 12th August, the anniversary of the deliverance of this city from a long and terrible siege, by the rebel army, in 1689, when the gallant and heroic behaviour of its inhabi- tants (scarcely to be equalled in history) nobly stood forth in the glorious cause, and rescued this country from Popery and barbarism. We, the Members of the Liberty Annuity Company, at our general meeting this day, fully replete with gratitude, think it our duty, in this public manner, to return our sincere thanks to our worthy Mayor, for his spirited attention to justice on all occasions since promoted to that dignity, and particularly for reviving this ancient custom of going to Church in form, which practice must keep up in our minds an everlasting remembrance of the bless- ings we have received. And we also return our thanks to Mr. Soden for so suitable a sermon, and the proper application he made thereof, to excite us to duty and a just use of our unparalleled mercies. Heape Crompton, President. August 6. — We,, the Master, Wardens, and Brethren of the Guild of Trades of the city of Lon- donderry, impressed with the deepest sense of grati- tude for the generous manner wherein our Worshipful HISTORY OF DERRY 417 Mayor and worthy Representative, Hugh Hill, Esq., revived, on Saturday last, the ancient custom of com- memorating the equally glorious and memorable Deliverance of this City on the never-to-be-forgotten First of August, 1689, a circumstance which ever should be cherished in the grateful breasts of the descendants of those as gallant as loyal heroes, the ’Prentice Boys, who, regardless of ease — of life, when put in competition with religion and liberty — sacri- ficed every consideration to the preservation of bles- sings so invaluable, and successfully opposed Popery and arbitrary power ; take this public method of manifesting our grateful thanks and warmest appro- bation of a conduct, which, by calling to mind the glorious heroism of our ancestors, cannot fail of exciting the like noble sentiments in ourselves. We take this opportunity of offering our very sincere thanks to the Rev. Clotworthy Soden, who, in his excellent discourse on the Anniversary of this memorable Day, exercised his powers so successfully in animating us with sentiments worthy the descen- dants of those gallant Asserters of our Religion and Liberty. Signed by Order, Robt. Gamble, Clerk of the Guild. .Town lighted with Lamps. 1778 — July 28. — The Magistrates declined to as- semble the citizens, on First August, William Lecky being Mayor. July 30. — [Advertisement.] — As the First of August falls on Sunday this year, the Phoenix Club are desired to meet at Bradley’s, on Monday the 2d, to celebrate the ever-memorable First of August. Dinner to be on the table precisely at three of the clock. Eneas Murray in the Chair. August 18. — In the steeple of our Market House, a very fine new clock, with three dial plates : one towards Ferry quay Street, one towards Bishop Street, and one towards Butcher Street. 1774 — Francis Andrews, Provost of Trinity College* 418 HISTORY OF DERRY Dublin, died at Shrewsbury, in England, leaving £20 a-year to the Derry Infirmary. August 2. — Yesterday being the anniversary of the ever-memorable First of August, it was ob- served in this city with every mark of gratitude. In the forenoon, Chas. M‘Manus, Esq. the Mayor, Aider- men, &c., went in procession to St. Columb’s Cathe- dral, where an excellent discourse, suitable to the occasion, was delivered by the Rev. Mr. Soden, from these words — “ I will sing of the mercies of the Lord for ever : with my mouth will I make known Thy faithfulness to all generations.” Ps. lxxxix. 1. The evening concluded with every demonstration of joy. November 8. — Friday last being the anniver- sary of the birth and landing of the ever-memorable King William the Third, was observed in this city with the usual marks of gratitude ; and Saturday was observed in the same manner, in commemoration of the Gunpowder Plot. .James Alexander elected Representative, in room of Right Hon. Francis Andrews, deceased. — {Ordnance Survey Memoir.) 1775. — The Shambles built. April 26. — Lieutenant-General John Irvine appointed Governor. — {Ordnance Survey Memoir.) July 18. — [Advertisement.] — Such Members of the Independent Mitchelburne Club as intend to celebrate that never-to-be-forgotten day, the glorious First of August, are requested to meet at the House of Mr. George Campbell, Bishop Street, on Monday the 24th instant, at seven o’clock in the evening, to determine a few particulars relating thereto. N.B. — Perhaps this infant title of Independent Mitchelburne Club may be unknown to many, let this suffice, that it includes all those Sons of Liberty who formerly met and commemorated that blessed day. — Signed, by Order, Tnos. Anderson, President. August 4. — Tuesday last being the anniver- sary of the glorious and never-to-be-forgotten First HISTORY OF DERRY 419 of August, the same was observed here by ringing of bells, displaying the flag, firing of guns, and many other marks of joy. The Mitchelburne Club parti- cularly distinguished themselves on this memorable occasion. N o vember 7 . — [Advertisement.] — Impressed with a deep sense of the honour already done his brother, Alderman Alexander takes the liberty of presenting his compliments to the Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs, Bugesses and Freemen of the city of Lon- donderry, and requests the favour of their company to dine with him in the Town Hall, on Thursday the 7th of December next, the anniversary of the day on which their gallant ancestors bolted their Gates, bravely defending the city against the invaders of their liberty, the enemies of their religion, and of their country. He flatters himself that the descen- dants of those heroes will cheerfully appear to cele- brate the day, and to drink the health of their Repre- sentative, the declaration of whose political princi- ples has so universally met with their approbation. Dinner on the table at three o’clock. November 14. — [Advertisement.] — Quere : Are the once and ever-to-be-revered Derry Boys, who gallantly opposed Popish tyranny and oppres- sion, and now animated with that unparalleled qua- lity — Independence — to be, by any premeditation or illegality, deprived of commemorating that day on which their ancestors so bravely barred the Gates against a treacherous foe ? No. Forbid it, Heaven! Forbid it, Independence ! and forbid it, Derry’s Sons ! Let us, if no other than a shed can be found to keep us from the inclemency of the weather, in spite of an assuming multitude, whose only virtue, on this occasion, is undue influence, celebrate that day — sig- nalised by Derry Boys, and they only — the 7th of December. N.B. — Dinner bespoke in Mr. Bradley’s, where the subscription book for that purpose is to be had, and some honest Derry Boys subscribed. Leather Apron. 420 HISTORY OF DERRY 1776 — Dec. 25. — Lieut.-General John Hall ap- pointed Governor. — ( Ordnance Survey) .Hugh Hill, afterwards Sir Hugh Hill, Bart., and Jas. Alexander, afterwards Lord Caledon, elected Representatives, the votes of the Freemen being — Hill, 835 ; Alexander, 319 ; Wm. Lecky, 202 ; Ross, 42. — (Ibid) A spire built upon the tower of the Cathedral. The old tower, originally sixty-six feet high, was now raised twenty-one feet. The spire measured 130 feet. The ball vane rose eleven feet. The height of the entire edifice was 228 feet, while the present tower and spire, built in 1803, is 178 feet, of which the tower is eighty-nine feet. — (Ibid) -July 19. — At a meeting of the True Blue Society of the City and County of Londonderry, held at the Town Hall, the 12th day of July, 1776, pursuant to orders given — John Ferguson, Esq., in the chair — it was resolved, “ That the Society do meet twice in every year, viz. : on the 7th day of December and the 12th day of July, to transact the business of the Societ}^, and dine together/’ I777. — June 17. — Anewtwo-mile Racecourse nearly completed, about a mile and a-half N.W. of the city. 1778 — June 9. — The gentlemen of the London- derry Independent Volunteers are requested to meet in the Town Hall, this evening, at seven o’clock pre- cisely, on business of importance. June 12. — The friends of this country must hear with pleasure, that there are now two companies of Volunteers discipling in this city, and a third is expected to be formed immediately. The uniform of the first company will be blue cloth, faced with white, of Irish manufacture. June 12. — [Advertisement.] — To the Mem- bers of the Mitchelburne Company, and all others who are desirous to join them. Gentlemen— As a military spirit has now called forth many patriotic gentlemen of this city, to embody and perfect them- HISTORY OF DERRY 421 selves in martial exercise, your Company are re- quested to meet, this evening, at seven o’clock, at the Mitre, in Bishop Street, in order to come to a resolution of embodying, exercising, and such other manoeuvres as may be of service both to ourselves and to the city. It is, therefore, hoped that all the descendants of those men who so bravely and effec- tually opposed a daring enemy will now step forth and show that they hold fast their integrity. Robt. Boggs, President. June 16. — The Independent Company of Volunteers is now complete, and mostly composed of the young gentlemen of this city. Their uniform is scarlet, turned up with black. The second com- pany, consisting chiefly of citizens, will shortly be ready to commence their manual exercise; and, yes- terday, a third company, under the name of the Mit- chelburne Volunteers, formed entirely of tradesmen, entered into a course of military discipline. July 8. — Officers chosen by the Volunteers : Independent Volunteers — John Ferguson., Esq. Capt.; John Coninghara, Esq., First Lieut. ; David Ross, Esq., Second Lieut.; Rev. Roger Blackball, Chaplain. ’Prentice Boys of Derry — Win. Lecky, Esq., Capt.; Stephen Bennett, Esq., First Lieutenant ; Eneas Murray, Esq., Second Lieutenant ; Rev. Edmund Flamilton, Chaplain. Londonderry Fusileers — Thos. Bateson, Esq., Captain; David Patterson, Esq., First Lieutenant; Alex. Scott, Esq., Second Lieut..; Rev. Harrison Balfour, Chaplain. July 14 (Tuesday). — [Advertisement.] — The officers and soldiers of the Apprentice Boys’ Company beg leave, in this public manner, to return their thanks to the Rev. Mr. Young (Presbyterian Minister), for the public, sensible, spirited and useful address, which he was pleased to deliver to them from his pulpit on Sunday last. August 4. — Saturday last, First August, at ten forenoon, the three Independent Companies of 422 HISTORY OF DERRY this city marched to the Diamond : from thence the Volunteers and Fusileers, commanded by Captains Ferguson and Bateson, proceeded to the Cathedral, where a suitable sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Blackhall. The ’Prentice Boys, commanded by Capt. Lecky, marched to the Chapel and heard an excellent sermon from the Rev. Edmund Hamilton. 1779 — July 27. — On Sunday last, the new Meeting- house, belonging to the Dissenting Congregation of this city, was opened for the first time. It was planned by the late Mr. Priestly. August 3. — Sunday last being the anniversary of the First of August, the same was celebrated here. The Volunteer Company paraded at eleven o’clock, and then repaired to Church and Meeting. After divine service three of the Companies assembled under arms, in the Diamond, where each fired three vollies with their accustomed steadiness and discipline. The Fusileer Company, with many gentlemen, were ele- gantly entertained at dinner by Lieut. Dickson Con- ingham. On Monday, the Blue Volunteers, under the command of Captain Lecky, made a hand- some appearance under arms in the Diamond, at three o’clock, afternoon, when they fired three vollies with great regularity. The Company, with many gentle- men, &c., were entertained by their officers at dinner in the Town Hall. .On 4th November, the Volunteers, Fusileers, and Apprentice Boys Companies paraded, at one o’clock, and fired three vollies in the Diamond, which vrere answered by the artillery on the new Parade. The day was concluded with ringing of bells and other rejoicing. December 10. — Tuesday last being the anni- versary of the 7th December, 1688, when the gallant ’Prentice Boys of Derry shut their Gates against the enemies of our liberty and religion, the same was observed here. At noon the Volunteer Companies paraded and fired three vollies, and afterwards went HISTORY OF DERRY 423 through the ceremony of Shutting the Gates. At night the privates of the ’Prentice Bo}^s’ Company entertained their officers at the Town PI all, which was illuminated on the occasion and adorned with emblematical transparencies. 1780 — August 4. — Tuesday last being the anni- versary of the First August, 1689, was observed in a public maimer. At ten o’clock the Derry Batta- lion assembled and marched to the Cathedral, where a discourse was delivered by the Rev. H. Balfour. The Battalion then marched to the field appointed for the review on the 10th and 11th inst., where they performed the order of review. On their return to the Diamond they fired three vollies. The Battalion were preceded this day by the Derry troop of light dragoons, who made a very elegant appearance. December 8. — Yesterday, the Volunteer Com- panies of this city paraded under arms, performed the ceremony of Shutting the Gates, and afterwards fired three vollies in the Diamond, in commemo^ ration of the 7th December, 1688. December 7. — The Corporation of the Guild of Trades of the city of Londonderry, the descen- dants of the heroes who shut the Gates against the forces of the abdicated King James and nobly sus- tained, for the Protestant cause, a siege from this memorable day in 1688 to the First of August fol- lowing, met at their hall and spent the evening, with loyal toasts, illuminations, cannon firing, &c. Robert Bell, Master. Henry Sloan, Secretary. 1781 — November 6. — Sunday last, being anniver-. sary of birthday of King William the Third of glori- ous memory, was observed here with great solemnity. The different Volunteer Companies, together with the Liberty Voluuteers, attended divine service in the morning at the Meetinghouse. At two o’clock the whole formed on parade and marched into the Dia- mond, where they fired three vollies in honour of the 424 HISTORY OF DERRY December 11. — Friday last, the 7thDecember, the Londonderry Regiment, under the command of Colonel Ferguson, paraded and fired three vollies ; and the Apprentice Boys’ Company, commanded by Captain Bennett, afterwards performed the ceremony of Shutting the Gates, &c. 1782 — August 6. — The First of August was ob- served here with many demonstrations of joy. The different Volunteer Companies paraded and fired three vollies in the Diamond. The bells were rung, &c., &c. -December 10. — Saturday last, the Apprentice Boys’ Company, under the command of Captain Bennett, paraded and attended at the Chapel, where a sermon was preached by the Rev. John Pitt Kennedy. They afterwards went through the cere- mony of Shutting the Gates, and fired three vollies in the Diamond. In the evening the Company en- tertained the officers of the other corps and a num- ber of gentlemen in the Town Flail. 1783 — July 8. — Tuesday last, being the First of July, the Londonderry Artillery, Londonderry Volun- teers, and Liberty Volunteers, paraded and fired three vollies in commemoration of the day. August 5. — Friday last being the anniversary of the First of August, the same was observed here with the usual marks of joyful remembrance by the different Volunteer corps of this city and liberties. December 9. — Sunday, the 7th December, was observed with the usual ceremonies of firing three vollies and Shutting the Gates, by the Appren- tice Boys’ Company and the other Volunteer corps of the city and liberties. 1784 — June 22. — On Friday last several gentle- men, accompanied by the Rev. Mr. Lynch, Roman Catholic clergyman of this city, got, in a few hours, 500 guineas for building the Roman Catholic Chapel. At head of the list, Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, TJ200 ; Corporation, £50. HISTORY OF DERRY 425 August 3. — Sunday, First of August, was ob- served with usual demonstrations of joy. 1785 — August 2. — Yesterday was observed with many demonstrations of joy : the bells were rung,, various flags were displayed, and the Volunteers fired three vollies, on their parade, in honour of the day. October 8. — The idea of Sunday Schools is at length seriously adopted in this city. The Phoenix Club entered into a very handsome subscription for that purpose. Benefactions will be received by the Rev. David Young. November 8. — Monday night last Lamps were fixed up in the different streets of the city. 1786 - August 8. — Tuesday last, being Relief of Derry, the different Volunteer corps fired three vollies in the Diamond ; and, shortly after, his Majesty’s 13th Regiment also fired three vollies, in honour of the day. December 12. — Thursday last was politely observed by the 13th Regiment, now in garrison, firing three vollies in the Diamond, in honour of the day; and, in the evening, their officers gave an elegant ball and supper. 1787. — August 14. — The Duke of Rutland, Lord Lieutenant, visited Derry. December 11. — Friday last, the 16th Regt., under the command of Col. Craig, fired three vollies in the Diamond. The Town Hall was illuminated, and the principal gentlemen of the city entertained Col. Craig and his officers. 1788 — January 22.— -At a meeting of the Presby- terian Congregation of the city of Londonderry, held 21st instant, the Rev. David Young, Moderator, Resolved unaimously — “That the thanks of this Congregation be presented to the Rev. Robt. Black, one of our ministers, for introducing and performing a 4 Burial Service’ over the deceased members of this Society.” [For description of Centenary Commemoration, 1 1 2 426 HISTORY OF DERRY. of I8th December, 1788, see page 77 ante; and for ditto, of 12th August, 1789, see after the above.] 1789 — August 18. — Early in the morning of Wed- nesday, the Centenary of the Relief, the old cannon which defended the city were discharged : the flag was displayed upon the Cathedral, and the Rev. George Vaughan Sampson preached. At a meeting of First Company Londonderry Independent Volunteers, held on First August (O.S.) 1789, commanded by Captain Ferguson, resolved unanimously — “ That we will continue to meet, on the First of August and Seventh of December, in every year, in commemoration of these distinguished events — the Shutting of the Gates of Derry and its Relief” September 1 . —Commemoration Account with Thomas Bateson- — 1788. Dll. £ s. d. Dec. 7— To amount of Sub- scriptions ....771 10 9 1788. Cr. £ s. d. Dec. 2 d — By Cash paid at the Festival, for 1789 Sundries.aspac 812 10 4 June 26 — By Cash paid for taking down Bi- shops-Gate, ....12 10 8 By Outstanding Subscriptions, 407 2 6 Balance in hands 42 7 8 <£774 10 9 ] £774 10 9 .The Wooden Bridge, erected by Cox and Thompson, of Boston, America, over the Foyle at Berry, cost dll 6,294. 1790— May 4. — Londonderry City Election. Votes for Mr. Win. Becky, 328 ; Sir Hugh Hill, 273 ; Mr. Henry Alexander, 253 ; Mr. John Richardson, 23. Total Freemen polled, 466. The chair in which Mr. Lecky was carried was made of the oak which formed part of one of the Gates, which stood the famous siege in 1688. It was placed on a square pedestal, from which sprung four green pillars, six feet high, HISTORY OF DERRY 427 with gilt bases and capitals, supporting a circular canop} r , from which were festooned green curtains, with gold fringe ; on the front were the City Arms, with motto, “The Relief of Derry, 1790 ;” on the top was a green flag, displaying the Irish harp and a wreath of shamrocks, and this inscription, “ Pro Patria semper." Sir Hugh Hill’s chair was carried by his four sons. .At a meeting of the Phoenix Club, Resolved — That the good effects of the Sunday School, hitherto conducted under the patronage of this Club, and superintended by the Rev. Mr. Young, during five years, are now manifest, as upwards of 300 poor children have been taught the English language, writing and arithmetic, since its commencement. Andrew Ferguson, President. August 17. — Last Thursday the First of August, (O.S.) the Londonderry Independent Volun- teers, commanded by Captain John Ferguson, fired three vollies in the Diamond, in commemoration of the Relief of Derry, 1689. Captain Ferguson enter- tained the company at dinner, where the following, among other toasts, were given: — “The Glorious Revolution of 1C88 “ 7tli December, 1688;” “1st August, 1689;” “ The ’Prentice Boys of Derry;” “The Army ;” “The Fleet;” “Perpetual Unanimity between Great Britain and Ireland ;” “ The Whig Club of Ireland ;” “ The President of the United States;” “The French Revolutionists and Liberty to all Mankind.” -December 21. — Saturday, the 7th December (0,S.), was commemorated by the Londonderry Volun- teers, who paraded and fired three vollies in the Dia- mond. The lieutenants, chaplain, and surgeon, gave a splendid entertainment to Capt. Ferguson and the privates of the Company, at which were present the Mayor of the city, the Colonel and Officers of the 48th Regiment, and a number of other gentlemen. 1791. — Tolls of Bridge for year sold for £1,550. • .The first Jail in Bishop Street finished. January 11. — Died, at Prehen, Wm. Glen, in 428 HISTORY OF DERRY the 105th year of his age. He was born in Derry two years before the famous siege, and was present at the entertainment given in the Town Hall, at the Centennial Commemoration of that great event. -January 18.— It is with pleasure we observe a perseverance in that laudable institution — the Sun- day School of this city. Last Sunday there were ninety-six poor scholars learning to read and write. -August 16. — Friday last, the 1st August (O.S.), was observed by the Volunteers of this city. They fired three vollies in the Diamond, and entertained their officers and a number of gentlemen at dinner, in the Town Hall. The following, with many other toasts, were drunk : — “The Day;” “The 7th of December, 1688;” “ The Memory of the brave Defenders of Derry “ The Volunteers “ The Whig Club and the Whig Interest Everywhere :” “ May the Walls of the Inquisition be speedily levelled, with those of the Bastile;” “ Ame- rican Success to French Effort;” “ President Washington and the United States ;” “ The Glorious Memory;” “ The Apprentice Boys of Derry;” &c., &c. 1792 — May 8. — To the Printer of the Londonderry Journal. Sir — You will oblige some of your best friends, by making a paragraph or two on the follovr- ing subject, namely — the hardship which shopkeep- ers labour under, bv having their shops hampered by certain idlers, who stay there to kill time, although their presence prevents our customers — country ones particularly — from coming in to lay out their money with us, to our manifest loss and detriment. These nothing-to-do people, I think, call themselves Loun- gers. Ah, Mr. Printer, it is not good for any place to have Loungers in it. But as I am not accus- tomed to write for the Newspaper, you will be so good as to say something to the purpose. Do, be smart on the occasion. — Yours, kindly, Bob Allspice. P.S. — And, d’ye hear, Mr. Printer, tell the young gentlemen, when they shut their masters’ shops in the HISTORY OF DERRY 429 evening, to keep a little more in character, ancl not disturb their sober neighbours !* August 21. — The 1st of August (O.S.) falling on Sunday, the anniversary of the Relief of Derry was observed here on the Monday following, the 13th inst. w T ith the customary expressions of festive exultation. In the afternoon a numerous company, consisting of all the principal citizens, the officers of the 70th Regiment, and such respectable strangers as hap- pened to be in town or had visited it on the occasion, dined together in the Town Hall. Perhaps, never before in a company so numerous and so mixed, did the spirit of liberality more apparently predominate — • the meeting was considered as sacred to the general principles of civil and religious freedom — and no political discussion whatever was introduced, nor was a single toast drunk which could give just offence to either Churchman, Dissenter, or Roman Catholic. Among the toasts were : — “ The Revolution of 1688; and may we never have occasion for another “ The Independence of the Irish Legislature “ May we always have courage to assert our rights and virtue to perform our duties;” “May the House of Commons he in fact, as well as in name, the Representatives of the People;” “An equal defeat to Faction and Corruption “ Civil and Religious Liberty to all the World;” “ Peace and Liberty to Poland;” “ P eace, Liberty and good Government to France;” “ The Rights of Juries ;” “The Liberty of the Press ;” “ The Abolition of the Slave Trade ;” “ President Wash- ington ;” “ Magna Charta, and the Memory of the Barons who ob- tained it ;” “ The Memory of Lord Russell and the Exclusioners;” “ The Memory of Hampden, Sidney and Lock;” “The Memory of William Molyneux ;” “ The Memory of Lord Chatham,” &o. December 18. — [Advertisement.] — London- derry Volunteers. The Londonderry Union being now completely organised, such gentlemen as wish to join the corps will be most respectfully received by any of the undernamed officers : — John Ferguson, J ames Atchison, Wm. Armstrong, James Murray, Robt. Moore, Joseph Moore, Robert Gray, Wm. Alexander.! * The letter of Mr. Allspice is reprinted to show the antiquity of the local evils he complained of, but with faint hopes of producing any reformation of them. + This attempt to enrol Union Volunteers in Derry was unsuc- cessful, as they were never embodied. 430 HISTORY OF DERRY December 21. — A meeting of Freemen, John Ferguson in the Chair. Alexander Knox, Secretary. Resolutions recommending adequate representation. Parochial meetings to be held : that for Templemore was appointed for 7tli January, 1793. 1793 — January 8. — Parochial meeting held. It being suggested that if adjourned for eight days and notice given in the different Churches and Chapels of the Parish, on the intervening Sunday (a measure which the Rev. the Dean, who was present, acceded to in the most handsome manner), a much greater number would assemble. It was adjourned till Monday. January 14. — Meeting of inhabitants in Town Hall (pursuant to adjournment), from whence they proceeded to the Cathedral. John Ferguson, Chair- man. 3,000 being present, Mr. Atchison moved and Mr. Armstrong seconded the resolutions, and the Dean and Rev. Robert Black having addressed them and counselled moderation, and Mr. Black, Counsellor Scott, and Dr. Patterson having declined to act as delegates, John Ferguson, Alex. Knox, Wm. Arm- strong. John Hart, Robt. Moore, and James Murray were elected. January 25. — Meeting of Parochial Delegates of Derry, Donegal and Tyrone, in Town Hall, ad- journed to the Meetinghouse. Barony delegates to Dungannon, for city and liber- ties of Londonderry : John Ferguson, William Arm- strong, Robert Moore, James Murray. February 15. — Provincial meeting in Dun- gannon. H. Joy and W. Armstrong, Secretaries. .The Londonderry Militia embodied. August 13. — Yesterday the bells were rung, and the 55th Regiment fired three vollies, in the Dia- mond, in honour of the Prince of Wales’s birthday, November 5. — Yesterday being the anniver- sary of the birth of William the Third of glorious HISTORY OF DERRY 431 memory, the same was observed here with many demonstrations of joy. December 10. — Last Saturday, the 7th Decem- ber, the anniversary of a day ever famous for the im- portant consequences arising to the prosperity and happiness of these kingdoms — a day not to be re- membered in the narrow, selfish scale of party in- terest, or sectarian prejudices, but on the broad prin- ciples of general good and well regulated Liberty — the same was not observed by the citizens of Derry ! 1794. — The Corporation raised a regiment of 400 men, called the Londonderry Regiment, Viscount Conyngham, Colonel ; but it was drafted into the 43d Regiment, in the year 1795, when all regiments above the 100th, were drafted into old regiments. 1795 — February 11. — Sir Hugh Hill, Bart., having died, his son, Sir George Fitzgerald Hill, Bart., was elected a Representative for this city, on 9th March. June 23. — Yesterday morning, at four o’clock, the Londonderry Fly Coach commenced running. It leaves Derry each Monday, Wednesday, and Friday morning, for Dublin, by Armagh, and from Dublin on same days, arriving in Derry on the evenings of Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday — six inside and four outside. Fare : inside. <£2 12s. 10^d.; outside, £1 12s. 6d. August 4. — Saturday last, being the First of August, the bells were rung, and the Fifeshire Fen- cibles fired three vollies, in the Diamond, in honour of the day. December 29.— [Advertisement.] — On ac- count of the badness of the roads, the Londonderry Stage Coach shall run but twice in the week, until February, to and from Dublin, setting out from Derry at half-past five on Monday and Thursday morning, stops at Augher the first night, and arrives in Dublin early on Wednesday and Saturday. There will be no delay as there are four coaches on the road, besides a number of spare wheels. 432 HISTORY OF DERRY 1796 — April 26. — George Douglas resigned the “ Londonderry Journal,” to John Buchanan and William M'Corkell , and, on the 1st August, was presented with three silver cups, on his leaving for America. The preceding annals, from 1772 till 1796, as before stated, are extracted from his papers. October 4. — The Londonderry Yeoman Ca- valry embodied. They were composed of about fifty gentlemen of the city and liberties, of whose names we have ascertained the following as being among the first “for King and Country arming”: — Sir G. F. Hill, Capt.; Andrew Ferguson (The Farm), First Lieut.; Wm. David Lecky, Second Lieut. Troop composed of James Murray, George Crookshank Kennedy, and Conolly M‘C. Kennedy (both afterwards Skipton), William Patterson, John Dysart, Henry Alexander, Andrew Ferguson (Burt House), Wm. Alexander, William Dysart, William M'Clintock, Greencastle ; David Boss, James Fleming, Thomas Newburgh, James Wilson, William Law, Alexander Major, William Ball, John Harvey, James Magill, Rowley Gorges Hill, Samuel Curry, Joseph Curry, William H. Ash, John Maginniss, Thomas Beatty, Peter M‘Donagh,P. B. Maxwell, Alexander Ogilby, William Mackj^, Alex. Lecky, Ninian Boggs, N. B. MTntire, Jamas Gregg, Wm. Davenport, Alex. Young, Richd. Young, David Brown, Thos. Reed, and Geo. Eeles. November 4. — The ancient and loyal Phoenix Club held a festival. The Sunday School was con- tinued under the patronage of the Phoenix Club. In this school numbers of boys have been taught to read and write, and several of them have acquired a know- ledge of accounts very creditable to the teacher. December 19. — The 18th falling upon Sunday, the Shutting of the Gates was observed to-day with the usual marks of commemoration. The Royal Manx Fencibles, Colonel Lord Henry Murray, and the Tipperary Militia, Colonel Bagwell, paraded on the ramparts and fired three vollies. The corps of HISTORY OF DERRY 433 Londonderry Cavalry were inspected by Lieutenant- General Lake. .Tolls of Bridge sold for one year, £1,477. 1797— Sir G. F. Hill, Bart., and Henry Alexander re-elected Representatives in Parliament for this city. — —January 5. — The Derry Militia passed through Cork from Limerick, on their way to meet the French at Bantry. .80,000 United Irishmen in Ulster. Of these 10,000 were in county Derry. — — June. — A body of men attacked the house of Mr. McClelland, near Burnfoot. He defended him- self bravely and shot one of them, called Brisland, whose body was gibbeted in Derry. June. — 900 persons, near Castledawson, sur- rendered themselves as United Irishmen, and took the oath of allegiance, pursuant to terms of pro- clamation by the Lord Lieutenant. June 19 to 24. — The greatest part of the in- habitants of the neighbourhood of Londonderry voluntarily came in and took the oath of allegiance. July. — Nearly 1,000 persons took the oath of allegiance before W. H. Ash, Esq., Ashbrooke, several of whom have given him up their arms, among which were some pikes ; and many acknowledged their having taken the oath of the United Irishmen. .A countryman, from Stranorlar, who was sen- tenced to 700 lashes for administering the United Irishmen’s oath to a private of the Aberdeenshire Fencibles, received 300 lashes, on the Quay, in pre- sence of the garrison. September 25. — Gates ordered to be shut at nine o’clock each night. — —December 7.— Thursday, the anniversary of Shutting of the Gates, Brigadier- Gen. the Earl of Cavan, in compliment to the citizens, ordered out the garrison. The artillery fired twenty-one rounds and the cavalry and infantry three vollies. 1798 — February 8. — Andrew Ferguson, afterwards 454 HISTORY OF DERRY Sir Andrew, chosen as Representative in room of Sir G. F. Hill, who had accepted the office of Clerk to the Irish House of Commons. The last Session of the Irish Parliament closed 2d August, 1800. — — March.— Sir Ralph Abercrombie inspected the Derry Yeoman Cavalry, commanded by Cornet Lecky. June 5. — At a Garrison Court Martial, Dan. M‘Carron, Carrigans, was convicted of adminis- tering the oath of the United Irishmen to a private of the Tipperary Militia, and received 325 lashes on the Quay. Thomas Clarke, of Swatragh, was convicted of disorderly practices and sentenced to 500 lashes, but his punishment was suspended. On 9th June Clarke received, in the Diamond, by order of Lord Cavan, 500 lashes in execution of his sentence for treasonable practices, and died on the 12th, in the jail, where he was detained on new charges of importance. A paper of arsenic was found in his pocket, and some of the matter in his stomach being poured down the throat of a dog, the animal died soon after in strong convulsions. — .Declaration signed by a large number of the inhabitants of this city — “ We resolve to form our- selves into a military corps, to be called The Lon- donderry Yeoman Infantry, and do agree, in addi- tion to the oath prescribed by law, to take this declara- tion — ‘ That we never were members of any Society of United Irishmen, nor took any oath of secrecy to that body.’ ” .Risings of malcontents in county Derry. — • — The Rev. Dr. O’Donnell, of this city, made titular Bishop, in room of the late Dr. MtDevitt. .Londonderry Legion — Sir George Fitzgerald Hill, Bart., 1st Captain. Cavalry —Andrew Fergu- son, Captain ; William David Lecky, First Lieut.; Thomas Wray Newburgh, Second Lieutenant. In- fantry: First Company — Rowley Gorges Kill, Capt.; John Sclioales, First Lieut.; Oswald Smith, Second Lieut. Second Company— Wm. Walker, Captain ; HISTORY OF DERRY 33$ Geo. McConnell, First Lieut. ; Robert Maginniss, Second Lieut. Third Company — Wm. Alexander, Capt.; Robert Alexander Stewart, First Lieut.; Wm. Beatty, Second Lieut. Fourth Company — Archibald Boyd, Capt.; John A. Smyth, First Lieut.; Andrew Beatty, Second Lieut . — (. Dublin Gazette , July 5.) August 1, O.S. (Sunday). — The Relief of Derry was celebrated on the following day by the usual de- monstrations of joy. The garrison, under command of Col. Bagwell, of the Tipperary Militia, marched to the New Quay, and fired three vollies. December 18. — The Londonderry Legion, comprising a tro.op of cavalry, Capt. Ferguson, and four companies of infantry, Captains Hill, Alexander, Walker and Boyd, were presented with a pair of colours from the Corporation. John Darcus, the Mayor, addressing them from the Balcony of the Royal Exchange in the Diamond, said “ that the same loyalty, for our King and love for our happy Consti- tution, which glowed in the bosoms of our ancestors, is still ready to burst forth, on every occasion, at the call of danger. The sparks of liberty, loyalty and patriotism have been kept alive in this our Maiden City.” The Legion proceeded to the Cathedral, where a sermon, well adapted to the occasion, was preached by the Rev. Richard Babington, after which they marched to the Gates of the city and fired three rounds over each. At four o’clock all the troops of the garrison, under Brigadier- Gen. Dunn, joined the Yeomanry who, together, completely lined the ram- parts and fired a feu de joye. The Band of the Breadalbane Fencibles played several patriotic tunes. 1799. — August 12. — The Londonderry Yeoman In- fantry marched into the Diamond and fired three vollies. The day closed with bonfires, ringing of bells, &c. October 11. — Lord Cornwallis arrived at Boom Hall, the residence of Henry Alexander. December 18 — .The Yeoman Cavalry and In- 436 HISTORY OF DERRY fantry marched to the different Gates of the city and fired three vollies over each, to commemorate the bravery of their ancestors. 1800.— A view of Londonderry, two feet by seven- teen inches, published by J. R M‘Guire, showing the wooden bridge and Bishop Hervey’s spire. August 12. — The Relief of Derry celebrated by the loyal inhabitants with usual demostrations of joy. The Yeoman Infantry, under Captain Hill, fired three vollies in the Diamond. CHAPTER IX. ANNALS OF LONDONDERRY FROM THE UNION TILL THE PRESENT TIME, 1861. 1801 — Sir G. F. Hill, Bart., unanimously elected the first Representative under the Act of Union, and continued to be returned, without opposition, till 1830. 1802. — Tolls of Bridge sold for £2,505. .The spire taken down, the old tower being in a dangerous state. Immediately afterwards the building of the present steeple was commenced. 1803. — William Knox, son of Lord Northland, Bishop till his death 1831. He contributed £3,000 towards the decoration of the Cathedral and erection of the present spire, the side galleries, and the organ. He gave £1,000 and an annual grant of £100 to the Diocesan School, £400 to the Poor School, and £1,000 to the Clergymen's Widows' Fund. He erected the original Free Church for £750, in 1830. After having provided for his rela- tives, he generally exercised his patronage for the encouragement and reward of meritorious and active clergymen. 1803 — April. — The Londonderry Royal Mail Coach travelled with expedition from Dublin to Derry in twenty-nine hours, carried four inside and one out- side passengers, with a double guard, all the way. July 3 (Sunday). — The colours of the Lon- HISTORY OF DERRY 437 donderry Militia were consecrated in the Cathedral by the Rev. Hume Lawder. August.— Yeoman Cavalry and Infantry put on permanent duty till November. — — September. — A corps of thirty active young Riflemen formed and attached to the Londonderry Legion. .Militia volunteered for service abroad, and the yeomen to any part of the kingdom. October. — A corps of two companies of Derry Volunteers raised, commanded by John Darcus, Mayor, for garrison duty. -December 19 (Monday). — The Londonderry Yeoman Infantry, commanded by Captain Hill, fired three vollies in the Diamond, and proceeded to fire in companies at each of the city Gates. The officers entertained the sergeants and privates, and invited Brigadier- General Campbell and the officers of the Derry Yeoman Cavalry. 1804 — August 12 (Sunday). — The Londonderry Yeoman Infantry paraded on the Wall, from whence they marched to the Diamond and presented their first captain, Rowley Gorges Hill, with a sword value fifty guineas. December 18. — The Yeoman Infantry and Rifle Company marched to the different Gates of the city, which they shut and fired over, and proceeded to the Diamond to fire three vollies. In the evening the Londonderry Volunteers paraded and fired three vollies in honour of the day. 1805 — February 17. — The Cathedral re-opened after the taking down of the spire and subsequent repairs. Dean Hume, in the course of his sermon, acknowledged the liberality of the Dissenting Con- gregation, in whose Meetinghouse the sendee of the Established Church had been performed during a long interval. October 9.- — First stone of the new Infirmary laid bv the Bishop. Robinson and Roper architects. m.k2 438 HISTORY OF DERRY Finished in 1810 by Edward Edgar. The cost levied off the city and county, £'7,700. 1806 — December 18. — The Derry Infantry and Rifle Companies, under command of Captain Boyd, paraded on the Mall Wall, and preceded by the Meath Band, playing loyal tunes, they marched to the Gates, which they shut and fired over. They then proceeded to the Diamond and fired three vollies. There were several public meetings in honour of the day. 1807 — May. — Wm. Patterson, M.D., died. He was author of a work on the Climate of Ireland, and several other publications. We are indebted to his exertions for the Infirmary. .General John, Earl of Suffolk, Governor. .August 12. — The anniversary of the Relief of Derry was observed with the usual demonstrations of joy. The Yeoman Infantry, under the command of Capt. Boyd, marched to the Diamond and fired three vollies. November 26. — At a Common Flail, convened by the Mayor, William Walker, Esq., it was Resolved — “That it is the opinion of this meeting that a canal, connecting Lough Swilly and Lough Foyle by the line of Burnfoot and Pennyburn, would be highly advantageous.” December 18. — The Yeoman Infantry shut and fired over the Gates, and three vollies in the Dia- mond. Several convivial meetings took place. 1808. — January 1.— The Duke of Richmond, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, dined with the Corporation. August 12. — The Derry Infantry, the City of Dublin Militia and a troop of Scotch Greys assembled. The foot marched to the Mall Wall, and the horse to the street fronting the same, and fired three vollies in honour of the glorious Relief of Derry. December 19 (Monday). — The Derry Infantry and Rifle Company fired three vollies over each Gate, and repaired to the Diamond and fired three rounds. Dinner parties as usual, HISTORY OF DERRY 439 1808— 9. — The Corporation expended £15,583 on WaterWorks. The main pipes laid down were trunks of elm trees bored, much more expensive than the modern iron main pipes. 1809 — May. — The Belfast Mail Coach established. To carry six inside and four outside passengers. August 12. — Observed with usual demonstra- tions of joy as anniversary of the Relief of this city, .Public Library and News Room established, .October 25. — King George the Third having entered upon the fiftieth year of his reign, a jubilee was observed in Derry. December 7. — The Shutting of the Gates was celebrated this day, in order to have Sir G. F. Hill, Bart, the Commandant of the Yeomanry, present, as he was to leave to attend Parliament before the 18th. After the usual parade, marching to the Gates, &c., and vollies, Sir George entertained the officers, ser- geants and 400 men, in the Town Hall, which was illuminated and adorned with transparencies. The Band, of the King’s County Militia were in attendance. 1810 — January 11. — The “Londonderry Reporter” Newspaper, printed and published by Samuel Boyd, from this date till 7th August, 1811. August 12 (Sunday). — The Londonderry Le- gion and Rifle Company fired three vollies, on their parade, in commemoration of the 1st of August, 1689. October 31. — The Lord Bishop of Derry con- tributed £50 to enable the Roman Catholics of Derry to complete the enlargement of their Chapel. This Chapel, built at the Long Tower, in 1786, is the first and only house of worship for that de- nomination, in this city, since the Plantation in 1608. Previous to its erection they assembled in the open air. At present they have a spacious Cathedral in course of erection at Great James Street. December 18.— Parade of Yeomen and Rifle- men and vollies, as before. “ King George the Third entered his seventy-fourth 440 HISTORY OF DERRY year yesterday. It was observed in this city with every demonstration of joy and gratitude. Among other bequests in the will of Col. Mitchelburne is three guineas per annum for hoisting the Red Flag (the ensign of a virgin city) on the Cathedral ; not* withstanding this, we understand the wish of the donor has not been complied with for the last five years. In consequence of this neglect that emblem of our ancestors’ bravery was, yesterday, omitted to be displayed .” — (Londonderry Reporter, June 5, 1811.) 1811 — August 12. — Anniversary of Relief. The Yeomanry paraded and fired on the occasion. September 13. — Pursuant to the decision of a Court of Inquiry, seven members of the London- derry Yeomanry were dismissed for disobedience of orders. The Legion having been drawn out, they were thus addressed by Sir Gr.F. Hill, their Comman- dant : — “ He must pursue the line he had adopted or the efficiency of the corps was at an end. For the first time, a spirit of insubordination manifested itself on the 1st of August last, old style. Fortu- nately, however, it was confined to a single com- pany — the Rifle Company. The corps had been as- sembled for the purpose of commemorating the Relief of Derry, and, as had been always the custom, on that day, most of the men appeared with orange lilies in their caps. This, it seems, gave offence to seven of the Rifle Company, and they thought proper to leave the ranks and the parade in defiance of the commands of their officers. He had, as a prepara- tory and essential step, taken the opinion of the officers as to the motives which had influenced the men in putting up orange lilies on the occasion. The officers declared, unanimously, that they believed that they were actuated solely by a desire to com- memorate the day in the usual manner, without any regard to religion or party, and a fact which they stated put that beyond a doubt, which was, that in the other companies several Roman Catholics had HISTORY OF DERRY 441 orange lilies in their caps, while some Protestants were without them. He said that though he put the question, he had himself no doubt on the subject. Wearing of orange lilies on the 1st of August had been the uniform practice of the corps — it had been customary with the old Volunteers, and it had been the custom of the citizens of Derry before either Volunteers or Yeomen were heard of. It appeared to him, when a schoolboy, to have been a custom of an old standing, and he believed it to have existed ever since the siege ; whereas, the system of Orangeism, so obnoxious to the Roman Catholics of Ireland, was no more than of about fourteen years’ standing — and was it to be believed that a practice which originated more than a century before, and continued ever since without interruption — was it for a moment to be sup- posed that it was indulged in, in the year 1811, for the purpose of offending a sect or party? The thing was absurd. The gentlemen who presided at the Court of Inquiry decided that the present dismission should not preclude the offenders from again enter- ing the corps, at a future period. In the meantime, it only remained for Capt. Fletcher to send for their arms and accoutrements.” September 17. — “ The Lord Lieutenant, the Duke of Richmond, again visited Londonderry. The Red Flag (the emblem of a virgin city) was again dis- played on the Cathedral, through the public spirit of the ‘loyal Apprentice Boys,’ who had it repaired at their own expense .” — {Derry Journal, Sept. 17,1811.) October 28. — A letter in the “Derry Journal,” from “ An Old Derryman,” stated that “ as far back as he had been able to trace the recollection of the oldest residents, it had been the custom of the inha- bitants, of all descriptions, to celebrate, as festivals, the days of the commencement and of the raising of the siege, in various ways ; and, amongst others, by em- bellishing their houses and persons with orange lilies or ribbons. That these emblems were not used other- 442 HISTORY OF DERRY wise than in celebration of the siege, appeared from the fact that it was not, within his recollection, the custom to wear them on the 4th November or on the 1st of July, or any of those other anniversaries so generally and so justly venerated by Protestants else- where. Since the establishment of the Yeomanry he had often observed the orange lily worn promis- cuously by the Catholic and Protestant Yeomen, on the two days alluded to, while, on the other days he had been present, when the officers of that Corps forbade the wearing of the orange as then tending to denote a party distinction, and not merely to cele- brate a glorious event in the history of our city/* November. — The individuals who were the object of the sentence of the Court of Inquiry since sent in a memorial to Sir G* F. Hill, acknowledging the justice of the sentence, and praying to be re- admitted into the corps. 1812 — August 12. — Birthday of Prince Regent. The garrison paraded and fired in celebration of it. November 2. — Certain extra town’s dues, or alien’s fees, had been imposed upon every import- ing merchant who was not a freeman of the city, which bore particularly hard upon Romanists. By an Act of the Common Council this distinction was abolished, and all importers were put on the same footing with those who had hitherto, in consequence of their freedom, been exempt therefrom. December 18. — The Yeomanry assembled and celebrated the day as usual. 1818 — July 26. — Affray at Garvagh. August 12. — The garrison, with Derry Yeoman Infantry and Glendermott Cavalry, fired in honour of the Prince Regent's birthday ; after which, the Derry Corps fired in the Diamond, in commemora- tion of the raising of the siege of Derry, 1689. November 9. — The Rev. C. O’Mmllan, in a speech, at Dungiven, called the Derry Corporation Orange, &c., &c. HISTORY OF DERRY 443 December 18. — Commemorated with more than usual splendour. Salutes of twenty-one guns from the Gates. Beating of drums and peals from the bells, ushered in the day. An immense orange flag waved over a small French ensign on the Ex- change. The Yeomanry Kned Bishop Street. The Corporation, in their robes, and attended by a vast concourse of the principal citizens, decorated with orange ribbons and led by the band of the Edinburgh Militia, playing the revived tune of “ Derry the First of August,” went in procession to the site of the new Court House, the foundation-stone of which was laid by the Mayor, John Curry. The procession then returned in the same order, and the Yeomanry proceeded to the annual custom of Shutting the Gates and firing over them, and three vollies in the Diamond. Entertainments, &c. The Court House, finished 1817, cost £30,479 15s. John Bowden, architect, and David Henry, builder. Previous to its erection Assizes and Ses- sions were held in the Town Hall. 1814. — Trial and conviction of the Rev. Cornelius O’Mullan and others for a riot in the Roman Ca- tholic Chapel. The Recorder, Sir G. F. Hill, in sentencing the prisoner, said : — “ You indulged in the terms of Orange-Papists towards your brother Curate of your own persuasion and your Roman Catholic brethren who presume to censure your violence. You frequently, as has been proved, applied the epithets of Orange Banditti, Orange Ruffians, Orange Corpo- ration of Derry. Mr. O’Mullan, was this kind ? — was this peaceful ? — was this the truth ? — did it ac- cord with your own experience in this city. No, sir; you know it did not; and, on my honour, as a gentle- man, in my conscience, as a Christian, and on my oath, fes Judge of this Bench, I do not believe there exists an Orangeman in the Corporation of the city of Londonderry. You know, sir, likewise, that in the Yeomanry Corps, which I have the honour to 444 HISTORY OF DERRY command, consisting of 400 privates, and of which not one-tenth were Roman Catholics, we have for- borne, for the last three years, on the 1st of August — the anniversarjr of the Relief of Derry — to exhibit the orange lily, the accustomed badge, for above a century, of that day of rejoicing amongst Derrymen of all persuasions ; and that out of respect to the feelings of our Roman Catholic brethren, then, for the first time, expressed. You, Cornelius O’Mullan, are to be imprisoned only one calendar month and give security of peace for two years.” January. — The Foyle frozen, so that cars passed over on the ice. February 1. — The Londonderry Yeoman In- fantry augmented to 600 men. February 8.— The unusual frost proved fatal to the wooden bridge. For more than ten days masses of ice accumulated against the piers and ten or twelve of them, with 350 feet of the bridge, floated down the river. Repairs cost £16,000. August 12. — Yeomanry fired vollies. -.Diocesan School, or Foyle College, built. It cost £13,000. — — December 18. — Yeomanry maiched to Church with side-arms. 19th — Monday morning, discharge of cannon. Customary ceremony of Shutting the four principal Gates, by the Yeomanry, commanded by Capt. Stewart. Yollies in Diamond. Musketry from top of Cathedral. Orange flag on steeple. The Virgin flag graced the eastern battlement of the Church. Dinner of 115 of the principal citizens. The Mayor, Marcus Hill, in the chair. The Officers of the 72d Regiment appeared among the company. The band of the Derry Militia attended. 1815 — April, Derry Assizes. — Roger Dempsie, con- victed for aiding and assisting to murder Michael M'Nicholl, at Tartnakelly. He confessed his crime, and stated that he had been induced to go to the house of M‘Nicholl under the obligation of his oath HISTORY OF DERRY 445 as a Ribbonman. He was executed at Cumber Claud}'. Michael Kane and Richard Cartin, sen- tenced to be hanged for attacking the house of one Moore, and of robbing a man of a gun. Richard Cartin hung himself in his cell. July. — A Sunday School commenced with 100 scholars. It was to have been under the patronage of the Bishop, and conducted by the clergy of all persuasions and the principal teachers. December 18. — Morning: Beating of drums and other demonstrations of joy. Orange flag on turret of Cathedral. 400 Yeomen paraded and shut the Gates, firing over each in sub-divisions, which they we re obliged to form from the immense con- course of people which crowded the streets. Vollies in the Diamond, under command of Sir G. F. Hill. Dinner of the officers according to annual custom, together with the officers of -the garrison and many of the most respectable citizens. December 19. — A “Bottle and Glass” meeting of all classes, to celebrate the Shutting of the Gates. The Hall was filled the moment the doors were thrown open. James Gregg was called to the chair. After proposing the appropriate toasts, he deprecated the idea of attributing party notions to our rejoicings in commemoration of that eventful day, and censured those factious men who first led the unwary to take offence at proceedings which they had been accustomed to look on with complaisance, and even to join in. 1816 — August 12. — Garrison and Yeomanry fired a fen de joie on Mall Wall, and the Yeomanry fired three vollies in the Diamond. December 18. — Twenty-one rounds from the Tower. Virgin flag and usual display of mottoes — “No Surrender” — over the Gates. 500 Yeomen, commanded by the Right Hon. Sir G. F. Hill, went through the customary ceremonies. 1818 — December 18. — Cannon, bells, virgin flag LL 446 HISTORY OF DERRY and orange flag. Procession, with music, at an early hour. Customary ceremony by the Yeomanry. 1819 to 1824. — New Jail built. It cost £33,718. 1819 — December 18. — Celebrated as usual. The Yeomanry, under Capt. Hill, the Collector of Customs. Their First Captain, Rowley G. Hill, who was also Collector, died 1st July, 1806. 1820 — January 29. — Lieutenant-General George Vaughan Hart, Governor. September. — Earl Talbot, Lord Lieutenant. visited Derry and was entertained by the Corporation. December 18. — Celebrated in usual manner. 1821 — August 12 (Sunday). — The Yeomanry at- tended divine service in the Cathedral, and, on Mon- day, the 13th, paraded and fired three vollies. August 21. — The Corporation of Derry took a trip to Dublin, to present an address to that wor- thy King, George the Fourth. Their expenses, £700, September 21. — Earl Talbot, the Lord Lieu- tenant, passed through Londonderry. December 18. — Colonel Pearson prevented the military and yeomanry from celebrating this day. The citizens armed themselves and forming into com- panies, performed the usual ceremonies of vollies over the Gates and in the Diamond. 1822 till 1826. — The celebrations of the civic an- niversaries w r ere regularly performed, by the Yeoman Infantry, under command of Sir G. F. Hill, Bart. A Society of the citizens, called “ The No Surren- der Apprentice Boys of Derry Club,” took a leading part in the commemorations after Pearson’s inter- fering with the yeomanry. Some of the old pieces of ordnance that were sunk on the quays were taken up and replaced upon the ramparts. “ Roaring Meg,” the famous eighteen- pounder, presented to our city by the Fishmongers of London, in 1642, was mounted on a carriage and used for salutes till 1832. HISTORY OF DERRY 447 The usual commemoration dinners were presided over by Sir G. F. Hill, or the Mayor, John Dysart. 1825. --September 1. — Steamboats began to ply, weekly, between Glasgow and Derry. 1826 — December 18. — The Corporation, Freemen, Citizens, Yeoman Infantry and Apprentice Boys, went in procession to Church. The Dean, Thomas B. Gough, preached. The foundation-stone of the Tes- timonial was laid by the Mayor, Richard Young, as- sisted by General Hart, M.P., Governor. The pillar and statue of Walker cost £ 1,285. The Committee were : John Murray, Thomas P. Kennedy, Joshua Gillespie, John M‘Clure, Richard Morton., Frederick Hamilton, William Huffington, sen., John Huffington, George Macky, Adam Crompton and Timothy Foy. 1827— 28. — Civic celebrations by artillery and mus- ketry, and processions, with music and banners. 1828 — August 12. — Walkers Pillar finished, and a flag, with 1688 in its centre, hoisted over the statue. 1829 — April 13.— Roman Catholics became en- titled to receive the freedom of the city by the “ Emancipation Act.” .Lunatic Asylum built. Cost £25,678 2s. 4d. August 1. — John Gwyn died, bequeathing a sum of money to accumulate to £50,000, for the education and apprenticing of boys left orphans in Derry and Muff. The building for this purpose was completed in 1840. September 19. — The “ Londonderry Sentinel” Newspaper commenced by William Wallen, formerly Editor of the “ Londonderry Journal.” December 18. — Rev. Archibald Boyd preached commemoration sermon from Haggai, ii. 3. 1830— August 11. — City Election. Sir Robert Alexander Ferguson, 238; Captain John Hart, 87; majority, 171. - — October 31. — Six* G. F. Hill sailed in the 41-8 HISTORY OF DERRY Liverpool steamer on his way to the Island of St. Vincent, of which he was appointed Governor.* 1881 — April 2. — City Election. Sir Robert A. Ferguson, 202 ; Capt. Hart, 62; majority, 140. May 9. — City Election. Sir R. A. Ferguson, 205 ; Conolly M‘Causland Lecky, 60 ; majority 145. July 10. — Richard Ponsonby, Bishop till his death in 1853. The creditors of the Corporation issued executions and sold all the leasehold property of that body, by which the city lost a yearly income of £1,818. December 18. — Sunday: Apprentice Boys’ procession to Church. Dean Gough preached from 1 Peter, v. 9. Monday: Celebrated with artillery, under command of Adam Schoales; musketry, under John Darcus, President of the No Surrender Club. .Miss Margaret Evory bequeathed £20, yearly, to the Churchwardens, for the Poor at Easter. 1882 — August 12. — Joybells and flags. Proces- sion of Apprentice Boys to Church, headed by one of the High Sheriffs, Samuel J. Crookshank, and commanded by Henry Darcus and other officers of the Clubs. The Rev. Robert Henderson preached. .The “ Reform Bill” passed, admitting House- holders to the exercise of the elective franchise of this city, previously limited to the Freemen. * .Cholera Morbus appeared in Derry for the first and only time, from 21st August till 10th De- cember. Total cases, 883. Deaths, 188. Upon the subsequent visitations of this scourge from the Almighty, this city escaped, for which a special day of thanksgiving was observed, by order of the late Bishop of the Diocese. .December 18. — City Election. Sir R. A. Ferguson, 808 ; George Robert Dawson, 226 ; ma- jority, 82. Sir Robert was Chaired during the burn- * The ingratitude of the Government to this, one of their most consistent, energetic and influential supporters, furnishes a com- plete parallel to the treatment experienced by his. predecessors, Murray and Mitchelburne. HISTORY OF DERRY 449 ing of Lundv. This was the last Chairing of any member in Derry. After the passing of the first “Anti* Processions' Act” several prosecutions took place, and the Ap- prentice Boys discontinued the use of musketry and music. A new Club, in addition to the former two No Surrender Clubs, was formed, called “ No. 3 Club of Apprentice Boys of Derry.” The celebrations were continued, by two processions round the Walls with small field pieces, on each anniversary, till August, 1860. The old Clubs, called 44 No Surrender Clubs Nos. 1 and 2”, fell into abeyance, and two new Clubs of Apprentice Boys, called the 44 Walker Club,” and the 44 Murray Club,” were instituted. 1833. — Deanery built. Cost £3,481. 1835 — September. — Lord Mulgrave (now Marquis of Normanby),Lord Lieutenant, visited Londonderry, Moville, Carn, Buncrana and Fannet, where he w^as received by his admirers and the Roman Catholic priests and their flocks, in processions. .Wesleyan Methodist Chapel opened. 1836 — November. — The 44 Londonderry Standard” Newspaper commenced by J. Walker and T. M‘Carter. 1837 — April. — A new Presbyterian Meetinghouse opened at Great James Street, called 44 Scots Church.” August. — City Election. Sir R. A. Ferguson, 211 ; G. R. Dawson, 137 ; majority, 74. From this period till his death, in 1860, Sir R. A. Ferguson continued to represent this cit}^ without any further contests. 1 838 — August 12 (Sunday).— Anniversary sermon by Rev. James Graham. -December 18. — Processions of eight pieces of cannon and salutes. Procession of Sir Robert Bateson, Bart, the Mayor, with" Aldermen and Cor- poration, to the Cathedral, accompanied by Adam Murray and Adam Murray Alexander, and other descendants of Colonel Adam Murray, carrying his sword, the Apprentice Boys, &c. The banners h l 2 450 HISTORY OF DERRY taken from the enemy and placed in the Cathe- dral by Colonel Mitchelburne, were, a second time, renewed by the ladies of Derry. Sermon by the Rev. Archibald Boyd. It is worthy of remark that Thos. Bateson, father of Sir Robert Bateson, the Mayor in 1838, filled the same office, in 1789, when the Cen- tenary of the Relief was observed. In the year pre- vious, 1788, these banners were renewed for the first time. 1839. — Ebrington Barracks erected at Clooney. 1840 — August 12. — In firing an old gun, it ex- ploded, killing Thomas Fleming, injuring John Platt, who lost his eyesight by it, and wounding Robt. Orr. An annuity was purchased for one of the sufferers, the Irish Society contributing liberally. — —December 18. — Procession of the Mayor, Joseph Ewing Miller, the High Sheriffs, John Mitchell Dysart and Thomas Chambers, with Sir Robt. Bate- son, Bart, Castrues; Sir George Hill, Bart., St, Columb’s ; Harvey Nicholson and other Aldermen, Burgesses, Citizens and Apprentice Boys, to the Cathedral. Rev. James Graham preached. 1841. — 66 Municipal Reform Bill,” by which Irish Corporations became elective, and Romanists eligible to be admitted. Riots in Derry in consequence. 1842. — The ceremony of burning the effigy of Lundy the Traitor Governor, in 1688-9, w r as changed from the Diamond to the Monument. 1842 and 1843. — Lengthened correspondence in the “ Sentinel,” by a “ Layman,” resulting in the dismis- sion of Rev. Wm. Henn, a Puseyite Chaplain to the Lord Bishop, from officiating in Derry Cathedral. He subsequently joined the Pope’s Church and was employed showing visitors through the Vatican. 1844 — December. — Sermons by the Dean, on Sun- day, the 15th, and by Rev. Jas. Graham, on the 18th, when the shell thrown into the city, in 1689, contain- ing proposals of surrender, was erected on a stand in the vestibule of the Cathedral HISTORY OF DERRY 451 1845 — December 18. — From this period, it became an established custom to have service and sermon in the Cathedral every anniversary. We are indebted to the late William Henry Caulfield, then a member of the Apprentice Boys Club No. 3, for having pro- posed and promoted this arrangement. The Preachers since have been Very Rev. Dean Gough, the Revs. Charles Seymour, John Kincaid, George Smith, Wm. Alexander, Robert Higginbotham, while Curates of the Cathedral, and the Ven. Archdeacon Hayden and Rev. Mervyn Wilson, and the present Curates. 1848 — December 18. — Anniversary sermon in the First Presbyterian Church by Rev. Henry Wallace. 1851. — An admirable History of Londonderry in New Hampshire, edited by Edward P. Parker, of Merrimack, published and a copy of it presented by him to this city, placed in the Public Library here. From it we learn that Londonderry and Derry, Wind- ham, Peterborough, Bedford, Antrim, Acworth, and other towns in the United States and in Nova Scotia, were all settled by a colony from this country in 1718, their original settlement being Londonderry, N.H. The Rev. James MacGregor, who accompanied them as their minister, had, when a youth, been among the defenders of this city “ and discharged, from the tower of the Cathedral, the large gun which an- nounced the approach of the vessels” with relief. His successor in the ministry of the colony of Lon- donderry, N.H., was the Rev. Matthew Clark, who had served as an officer during the siege and bore on his face the mark of a severe wound received in one of the frequent sallies made by the besieged. James M‘Keen, of Ballymoney, Alex. M^ollom and John Morrison, are recorded among other colonists who had been engaged in the defence of the Maiden City, some of them driven by Rosen under the Walls and received within them till the relief came. These colonists and their descendants have been consistent in their adherence to orthodox Presbyterianism, 452 HISTORY OF DERRY 1853. — William Higgin, said to have been born in England, Bishop. 1854 — August 24. — The Mitchelburne Club was revived, and adopted as its Fourth Rule— “ That the Members of this Club shall, in a legal maimer, take part in the Celebrations ; and, when suitable oppor- tunities are afforded them, shall attend public wor- ship, on each 18th December in the Cathedral ; and on each 12th of August in the First Presbyterian Church, or such other similar Churches as may be available.” August 29. — The Railway from Londonderry to Enniskillen opened, and an excursion of Appren- tice Boys and other Protestants visited that town. -September 15. — Excursion of 900 Protestants from Enniskillen to Londonderry. On returning, at night, the train was overset, at Trillick, by large stones laid on the rails. None of the excursionists, were killed. December 18. — At the evening procession of the Apprentice Boys’ Clubs, with their twelve field" pieces, they were joined by the Mitchelburne Club with two large cannon and one light field-piece, mak- ing a grand display of fifteen well equipped and ably manoeuvred pieces of artillery. Twenty-one rounds were fired from each gun, at various positions on the Wall, making upwards of 300 shots. 1857 — July 17.— At a General Meeting of the Apprentice Boys’ Clubs, convened to receive John Hempton and W. H. Caulfield, a deputation from the Mitchelburne Club, it was resolved to adopt the Fourth Rule of that Society. In consequence of which, the united Clubs attended public worship in the First Presbyterian Church, on the 12th August, when the Rev. Richard Smyth preached the anniversary ser- mon to an audience of above 3,000. In pursuance of this arrangement, sermons have been preached, yearly, by the Revs. George Steen, William McClure and Richd. Smyth, on each 12th of August. On the HISTORY OF DERRY 453 other anniversaries of the 18th December, the united Clubs attended Divine service in the Cathedral. 1857 — September 30. — “ Londonderry Guardian ” Newspaper commenced by George Alleyn O’ Driscoll, who had been Editor of the “ Sentinel” for twenty- three years. 1858. — The Earl of Eglinton, Lord Lieutenant, visited Derry. 1859. — Extended frontage of Quays and Graving Dock commenced. 1860. — City Election. William McCormick, 327 ; Samuel M‘Curdy Greer, 309 ; George Skipton, 82 ; majority, 15. August 12 (Sunday). — Before the passing of the “ Party Emblems’ Act,” the present Bishop pro- hibited the ringing of the joybells of the Cathedral and the hoisting of the virgin flag over the chancel, stating that, in the absence of the Dean, he was cus- todian of the Cathedral ; and, being a member of the House of Lords, felt called on to carry out what they had approved, although it was not yet law. Accord- ingly, on Sunday morning, he sent one of the Curates to remove the red flag. After that was done some of the Apprentice Boys replaced it, and, taking the keys from the Curates and Sexton, kept up their banner and rang the bells as heretofore. On this his Lord- ship sent the Curate to call in the aid of the police, but the Head- Constable instructed him that there was no law to interfere with the ancient local usages of the city. December 18. — Two Stipendiaries and a Pro- vincial Inspector, with 400 constabulary, 600 infantry and two troops of cavalry, came to attend the cele- bration. On the return of the Apprentice Boys from the Cathedral to the Corporation Hall, on the motion of John G. Ferguson, John Hempton was moved to the chair. “ The Secretary of the General Committee, Mr. Charles M c Guire, read the minutes, resolving to relinquish the morning firing, 454 , HISTORY OF DERRY but to proceed with the usual firing at two o’clock. This resolution was confirmed by the members of the Clubs present. At a subsequent meeting in Corporation Hall, Jas. Murray, Esq., in the chair, a resolution was moved by Rev. E. G. Dougherty and seconded by J. W. Gregg, Esq., as follows : — ‘ That, although we believe our celebrations, as conducted for several years past, have been perfectly in accord- ance with the law of the land, and are advised by eminent counsel that the ceremonial as heretofore observed is still legal ; yet, in submission to the ex- press wishes of the local magistracy and several valued friends, we agree to relinquish, on the present occa- sion, our usual custom of firing the city guns.’ The resolution was carried with some dissentient voices, and accordingly the guns were not brought out. Some of the Apprentice Boys, however, were dissa- tisfied, and said that now was the time to test the legality or illegality of the matter .” — (Derry Sentinel , 21 st December , 1860.) “ It was intimated that if this were done, the police would seize the guns. The cannon owned by the Clubs are thirteen or fourteen in number, and the calibre from six pounds down- wards, most of them are stored in a yard belonging to the president, Mr. Gregg, in Pump Street, and at the request of some person or other a strong guard of constabulary was sent over there to prevent anyone from taking them out. It would seem, however, that some doubt existed as to the legality of this proceed- ing, for, after being allowed to remain in front of the yard, for a few minutes, the police were withdrawn. While they were there, some of the Mitchelburne Club, with Mr. John Hempton, their president, went to the place where their four guns are kept, at the head of Pump Street, to take one of their guns to the Wall. As soon as their intention was known, a crowd began to collect, and before many minutes the street was thronged. All was perfectly quiet ; there was no cheering or shouting; but one of the guns — a six- HISTORY OF DERRY 455 pounder — beautifully mounted, was got ready and dragged into the street, by some of the members. Others followed with sponges, powder, &c., and, ac- companied by a large and ever increasing crowd, they proceeded by London Street and Bishop Street, to the Wall, and took up a position midway between the Northwest Bastion and Walker's Monument. The crowd at this time must have numbered about a thousand. Mr. Coulson, E.M., was soon made aware of what was going on, and before the parties had time to fire the first shot he was in the midst of them. He besought them again and again, as loyal men, not to break the law by firing the gun, but was told that they were determined to do so ; and, seeing that expostulating was needless, he desisted. Seven rounds were then fired, and after the seventh dis- charge, the cheers were tremendous. Mr. Coulson thought it necessary to despatch a messenger for a part}^ of police, and, on arriving a few minutes after, under the command of the County Inspector, they were lined along the Wall. Having fired the seventh round, the parties having the direction of the gun conceived that they had sufficiently asserted the prin- ciple, and brought it back to the place were it is kept by the same route as they had taken in going to the Wall .” — (. Belfast News-Letter , 19 th December, 1860.) May. — Steamers began to ply, weekly, to and from Lough Foyle and Canada. » .Pennyburn Mill taken down by William M‘Cormick, M.P. December. — At Christmas, a tree with decora- tions and crosses of an idolatrous tendency, were dis- played in the Deanery Sunday School, in presence of the Bishop and the Curates. The parishioners ob- jected to them and they were removed. The teacher who introduced them was petitioned against by the ladies of the school, but Dean Tighe declined to re- move her. The ladies then prepared to leave the school, when the person objected to resigned. 456 HISTORY OF DERRY The Old Theatre, at Widows' Row. has been con- verted into a Presbyterian Church. New Houses of Worship have been recently erected — for the Roman Catholics, at the Waterside; the Presb} r terians (for- merly Seceders), at the Strand ; the Independents, at Great James Street ; and the Covenanters, at Waterside and Clarendon Street. 1861. — Magee College and Model School finished. .It is understood that owing to the refusal of the Bishop to permit the minister and people of the Free Church to erect a school-house on their pre- mises, they resolved to build it elsewhere ; and, hav- ing taken ground for that purpose, it is more than probable that a new Episcopal Free Church may be erected. H. Nicholson and other influential parties are in favour of this necessary increase of church accommodation. The Cathedral is at present un- dergoing alterations that will reduce the accomoda- tion in it from 1,000 or 1,100 to 650. The Free Church accomodates 750 and the Chapel of Ease 300, so that the total sittings furnished by the city Churches of the Establishment will be 1,700 for a city population of 27,000, which, it is computed, the present Census will show the population amounts to, including the Waterside and other suburbs connected by streets with the city, exclusive of the rural popu- lation of the parish. The number of houses in this city and suburbs on the first Poor Law Rating, in 1840, was 2473, and in 1860 it rose to 3469, being an increase of 996 rate- able houses in twenty years. The tolls of the Bridge, although at less than half rates what they formerly were, now sell for ^4,800 annually. MACKENZIE’S CHARGES AND MACKENZIE’S NARRATIVE A FALSE LIBEL. POET IONS OMITTED FEOM MACKENZIE’S PEEFACE AND NAEEATIYE, AND AC- KNOWLEDGED AT PAGES 150 , 231 , & 278 . (omission at page 150.J In the Account of the Siege it- self, I have not only compared other Diaries with what I was an eye-witness of, but for fuller satis- faction offered this part of the Narrative to be reviewed by such of the officers of Derry as are now in town ; several of whom, as Col. Crofton, Col. Murray, Lieut. -Col. Blair, Capt. Alex. Sanderson, &c. having heard it read in the pre- sence of Sir Arthur Eawden, Sir Arthur Langford, Col. Upton, and several other gentlemen; and be- ing desired upon every material paragraph to object against any thing either misrepresented or omitted in the relation, freely pro- fessed their assent to it ; and Dr. "Walker was acquainted with the design of publishing it some time before he left the town. I foresee, indeed, that some who are concerned may be offended with several passages that seem to reflect on some particular persons, especially Col. L — y, Dr. W — r, and Maj.-Gen. K — k, to which I need only saj*, that as I have men- tioned nothing relating to them but matters of fact, that are capa- ble of all the demonstration that can be reasonably expected, so this Narrative would have been palpa- bly imperfect and defective with- out them. I may allege the same as to Dr. W alker ; it was necessary to take notice of the articles against him , because they occasion- ed that material change in the government by the establishment j of the Council of Fourteen. And : MM EXTEACTS FEOM “Mr. JOHN MACKENZIE’S NAEEATIYE OF THE SIEGE OF LON- DONDEEEY, A FALSE LI- BEL : IN DEFENCE OF DE. GEOEGE WALKEE. WEIT- TEN BY HIS FRIEND IN HIS ABSENCE. LONDON: ] 690 .” Thepenner of the Preface, per- sonating Mr. Mackenzie, will have the poor man to say, “I have of- fered this part of the Narrative to be reviewed by such of the officers of Derry, as are now in town, several of whom, as Colonel Crof- ton, Colonel Murray, Lieut.-Col. Blair, Capt. Alex. Sanderson, &c., having heard it read, &c., freely professed their assent to it.” I admire that men who pretend to integrity and strictness of life, can presume thus grossly to prevari- cate. The word such is commonly used by way of exception , but in this place it must be meant by way of comprehension — such of the offi- cers as are now in town, i e., the officers now in town. I have spoke with them all but five at most, and am fully satisfied, that that part of the Preface is a studied and deli- berate lie ; for, as to the four per- sons whe are particuarly named, two of them did solemnly aver, in my hearing, and in the hearing of many credible persons, that they did not hear that part of the Nar- rative wholly read, and what was read they did not approve of; and a third hath ingenuously certified, under his hand, as follows, and one of the three has descended to particulars. “We, the under-subscribers, officers of Londonderry, in the following list mentioned, do hereby declare, that Mr. Jolm Mackenzie, or any for him 45B MACKENZIE’S CHARGES AND the other passages were no more than requisite to disabuse the world, that had been so grossly imposed on in the ridiculous at- tempts used to make not only a chief Governor in the garrison, hut a mighty hero of that gentle- man, not only in the Account published in his own name, but in the papers of others who wrote their panegyrics upcn him. I shall only produce one instance of this kind out of the observations printed on Mr. Walker’s Account ; for, among other links in the au- thor’s Chain of Miracles , (as he calls it,) this is the sixth: “ The unanimous suffrage of the people in electing and constituting Mr. George Walker their Commander in Chief, than whom, they could not have pitched on a person more completely adapted to so capricious an employment, being a man of exquisite parts, having a neat dexterity in accommodating the humour of the rabble, a dis- crete temper in moderating the diversity of persuasions, a prudent managery of the common pro - vi- sions, a vigilant care in the order of guards, watches, and exercise, and an undaunted courage in lead- ing them on to the most dangerous enterprizes.” A very eloquent pa- ragraph, that gives us the true idea of a complete Governor ! only the author b ad done better bestow it on Dr. Walker, in some part of the world where he is not yet so well known ; for, if all the other links in his Chain of Miracles were like this, I am afraid that even in Lon- don, as well as at Derry, it would he mistaken for a small legend; for he does not seem so much in this character to have considered what was true, as what would re- present his imaginary Governor and General as great and extraor- dinary. But since Gov. Baker has been thus injuriously pilfered of never read all that part of his pam- phlet, entitled— ‘ A Narrative of the Siege of Londonderry,’ &c., to them that related to Londonderry, before the same was printed, as in the Pre- face to the said Pamphlet is set forth, nor did the said Subscribers assent to what they heard read, but, on the con- trary, objected against several things they heard read, and having- seen the said Pamphlet since it was printed, do not assent to, or approve of it. As witness our hands this 9th day of April, 1690. “ Richard Crouton." “ I, the under- written, did not assent to two particulars in Mr. John Mac- kenzie’s book, viz. the Articles against Dr. Walker, and the discouraging ser- mon, not knowing anything of them. “ Alex. Sanderson." And if by his &c. he means such of the Officers of Derry as are now in town, I shall for the satisfaction of the reader, and the everlasting shame of the Preface-Monger, pre- sent first a list of the Londondeiry Officers, nowin London, who are in number twenty-four, and then a Certificate under the hands of Seventeen of them in perfect con - tradiction to that paragraph in the Preface. A List of the Londonderry Officers that are in London . Col. Hamill’s Regiment — Col. Hugh Hamill, Capt. Richard Aplen, Capt. Robert Rogers, Ensign Oliver Aplen, Sergeant James Linsy. Col. Baker’s Regiment — Capt. William Ruxton, Capt. Archibald Maculloch, Lieut. Michael Reed, Lieut. Robert Lowther, Lieut. Thomas Keise. Col. Crofton’s Regiment — Col. Richard Crofton, Lieut. Michael Boyer, Ensign John Brush. Col. Murray’s Regiment — Col. Adam Murray, MACKENZIE’S NARRATIVE A FALSE LIBEL. 459 several of his deserved plumes, and Dr. Walker adorned with them, it -was but common justice to re- store them to the right owner. For what Maj.-G-en. Kirk did after the siege, it could not he omitted 'without disappointing the just ex- pectations of the reader, to know what treatment the greatest part of that deserving people met with from him, especially when so very different from his Majesiy’s de- clared sense of their services : and the rather because his carriage since to the gentry, and other in- habitants of the north of Ireland, has been hut too agreeable to it. And I may justly add, that I have been so far from aggravating these matters beyond just bounds, that I have omitted several things relat- ing to these three gentlemen, that were not inconsiderable, because not so necessary or pertinent to this Narrative. (omission at page 231.) About the end of May, most of the officers having been for some time suspicious of Gov. Walker, drew up several articles against him, some of which were to the effect following, according to the account I had of them from the memories of some of the officers then present : — One was, That he, and others, about the 18th April, had a secret cabal, wherein they agreed, and privately sent a messenger to King James, with proposals about get- ting the town to be delivered up. Another was, That the said per- son being, on his return, confined on suspicion of this, was taken out privately by Mr. Walker’s means, and sent over the Walls ; he went to Culmore, which was soon after surrendered. Another was, That on several days, especially about the latter end of April, Mr. Walker held a Capt. Samuel Murray, Quar.-Master W. Anderson, Quar. -Mas. Alexander Heron. Capt. Alex. Watson, Capt. of the Gunners, and Chief Engineer. Richard Skamon, Gunner. Col. Lance’s Regiment — Lieut. Col. Thomas Blair, Capt. Stephen Godfrey, Lieut. Matthew Clark,* Edward Curling, Store-keeper of Provisions. Col. Walker’s Regiment — Capt. Alexander Sanderson. “ We. the under-named Subscribers, Londonderry Officers in the above list mentioned, do hereby declare, That we never saw a Pamphlet, entitled, ‘ A N arrative of the Siege of London- derry,’ &c. or any part of it published by Mr. John Mackenzie, until after it was printed ; and, having perused it since, do not approve of it, as witness our hands this 9th day of April, 1690. ‘Edward Curling Robert Rogers, Michael Reed, John Brush, Oliver Alpen, Richard Skamon, Richard Aplen, Robert Lowther, Thomas Baker, James Linsy, Stephen Godfrey, Hugh Hamill, Alexander Watson, William Ruxton, Michael Boyei, Arch. Macuilock.” But, good Mr. Mackenzie, or whosoever else was so courteous to write that elaborate Preface, did you really find it necessary to ex- pose Dr. Walker at such a rate, by taking notice of the articles against him ? Did you find it re- quisite so bluntly to scorn and ri- dicule him, to represent him as a Jack-a-lent, a Sancho Panca, or a fabulous hero ? This is rudeness in the abstract, this is a language that deserves a more severe repre- hension than the lash of a pen. As for this latter part, wherein you so magisterially degrade him from his station as Governor, and so spitefully detract from his fame * See page 451 ante. 400 MACKENZIE’S CHARGES AND consultation with some others in the town, while our men were out against the enemy, to shut the Gates upon them, to facilitate a surrender. Another was, For selling or em- bezzling the stores. Another was, That he offered to betray the town for ,£500 in hand, and T700 a-year, which offer was approved by King James, and the money promised. Another was, For abusing offi- cers that went to the stores. Others of them, relating to per- sonal vices, I shall hot mention. But, lor a more particular and full account of these matters, I refer to the articles themselves, which were lodged in Col. Hamill’s hands. There were several persons had examined witnesses, and under- took to prove these articles ; and Col. Hamill, Col. Murray, Col. Crofton, Col. Monro, Lieut.-Col. Fortescue, Capt. Noble, Capt. Dun- bar, and above 100 officers more, subscribed a resolution to prose- cute him upon these articles, in order to the removing him from all trust either in the stores, or in the army. This occasioned a mo- tion, which Gov. Baker readily as- sented to, viz. : That the govern- ment of the stores, as well as the garrison, should be managed by a Council of Fourteen, of which he was to be President, and nothing be done but by them. But the meetings of this Council were, soon after, through the difficulty of the siege, especially the danger of the bombs, much interrupted, though the authority of it continu- ed till the end of the siege. This being granted them, Gov. Baker earnestly persuaded, and, at last, prevailed with them to desist at that time from the prosecution of the forementioned articles. Yet i these articles were revived, ar.d I and reputation, I shall presently confront you with the concurrent testimonies of many of the officers of the garrison, acknowledging and owning him to be Governor from the very beginning of the siege, as well as attesting his singular prudence and circum- spection in the management of the provisions and stores. I must retreat again to the Pre- face, for there the venom lies. In the body of the Narrative, I find no positive assertion that Dr. Walker was not Governor of Londonderry, he seems to be passed over in si- lence, and we are to believe him not to have been so, from the ne- gative authority of the narrator; for so page 21 7, speaking of the Council met for electing of a Go- vernor, he tells us what persons were nominated, and Major Baker had the majority of votes, and was chosen their Governor, and *his, according to his Journal, was on the 19th of April, besides a brief insinuation, that he was not Go- vernor, though he was wont to crowd in his name. Now I shall produce a certificate under the hands of seventeen offi- cers, actually in service in London- derry, during the whole siege, and now in London, who in all reason may be presumed to know who was the governor of that garrison, wherein they so frankly adventur- ed their lives, as well as he who fosters the Narrative, or as he who penned the Preface, and it is thus : “ These are to certify, that Dr. George Walker, during the whole time of the siege of the city of London- derry, and until Major-General Kirk came into the said city, executed the place and office of Governor of the same, joint with Colonel Henry Baker, until the said Baker’s sickness, where- of he died, and after with Colonel John Mitchelburne, who was, in a general meeting of the field and other officers of the said garrison, elected to MACKENZIE’S NARRATIVE A FALSE LIBEL. 461 increased to the number of four- teen, soon after Gov. Baker’s death. Yet all this did not sufficiently caution Mr. Walker from what the garrison looked on, as an intrud- ing himself into that part of the government that was never in- tended him : for after Gov. Ba- ker’s death, he called a court-mar- tial, and appointed Lieut -Colonel Campbell to be President of it. The officers hearing that the Court was set, came in and publicly dis- charged them from sitting any long- er, declaring that he had no power that appointed them, and, accord- ingly, they were presently dissolved. There are but two things relat- ing to the articles foremen tioned I would take notice of. Those who most suspected the design men- tioned in the third article to be real, privately agreed in all their sallies, afterwards to keep a good reserve in the town for the preven- tion of it, the care whereof was entrusted, by turns, to Lieut.-Col. Cairns and Captain James Glad- stanes, two gentlemen that showed great fidelity and prudence in the Council, as well as courage in seve- ral sallies for the defence of the city. And the fourth article oc- casioned an order of Council that Mr, Walker’s note should not be accepted by the keepers, until signed by the Governor or Major Adams. (omission at page 278.) I should not take notice of so trivial a thing as Mr. Walker sign- ing first, if it had not been im- proved into an argument of his being Governor of the garrison, as well as the .stores. But, as the forementioned debates about this very commission, as well as the whole story of the siege, evidently show the contrary : so to obviate this objection against the truth of those passages, I am obliged to add, that Mr. Walker’s signing M act as Governor in the said Colonel Baker’s place during his sickness, as well in all things relating to the mili- tary affairs of the said city, as in see- ing the provisions gathered and dis- tributed, the management of the pro- visions being a great means by which the said city held out so long. Wit- ness our hands this 9th of April, Anno Domini, 1690. Edward Curlim Robert Rogers, Michael Reed, John Brush, Oliver Aplen, Richard Skamon, Richard Aplen, Robert Lowther, Thomas Baker, James Linsy, Stephen Godfrey, Alex. Watson, Hugh Hamillj Alex. Sanderson, William Ruxton, Michael Boyer, Arch. Maculloch.” In the next place, I will show you a certificate from Captain Joseph Bennet, who commands a company in his Majesty’s army, whose declaration ought to be re- garded as much at least as Mr. Mackenzie’s. “ These are to certify, that I being in the garrison of Londonderry, in the beginning of the siege, laid before that town by the late King James and his forces, and when Colonel Robert Lundy absconded, the forces in the said garrison, chose Dr. George Wal- ker and. Colonel Henry Baker their governors, who were, in pursuance^of such election, sworn Governors of the said Garrison, to. defend and hold out the same, for their present Majesties, King William and Queen Mary, and the Protestant Religion ; that after the said Governors were sworn, I saw Dr. Walker and Colonel Baker sign several writings as Joint- Governors, some of which writings were sent out of the town to Colonel Richard Hamilton, then Lieutenant-General of the late King James’s forces- in that pro- vince, in answer to some letters of his directed to the said Governors, for the releasement of Captain Darcy, Mr. Blacker, and Lieutenant Tw^ynow;, then prisoners in Londonderry ; and afterwards I was sent by the said Governors to King William, for relief to the said garrison, and made my way m2 462 MACKENZIE’S CHARGES AND first in some papers during the siege, was partly owing to the mo- desty and compliance of Governor Baker, and afterwards Governor Mitchelburne, but much more to the forward temper of Col. Walker, who, when Gov. Baker or Mitchel- burne signed first, seldom failed to crowd in his name before them, of which I could produce several notorious instances, but shall only mention a late one. Several cer- tificates were signed by Mitchel- burne, in November last, to some officers of Baker’s regiment which, when brought here, he not only thrust in his name above him, but blotted out of each of these certificates, these words, Colonel Baker, [Governor of the said city.] “These are to certify all whom it may concern, that the hearer hereof, Rob. Louther, served dur- ing the late siege of Londonderry, in the station or post of a Lieu- tenant, in Capt. Nicholas Holmes’s company, under the command and regiment of Colonel Henry Baker [late Governor of the foresaid city], and also after under the command of Col. St. John, and continued in the said regiment till the 9th day of October, during which siege he behaved himself with good conduct and courage, both in the sallies that were made against the enemy, and the pre- servation of the said city. Given under my hand, at Londonderry, the 27th day of November, 1689. “George Walker. “J. MITCHELBURNE.” And how far he was from being esteemed as Governor of the gar- rison, even after Governor Baker’s death, may appear by the follow- ing testimony of one of Maj.-Gen. Kirk’s officers, (who commanded the soldiers in the Phoenix, when Derry was relieved, and showed I great resolution in that eminent piece of service), and I insert it | through the enemies Camp, but being first taken prisoner, was brought before the said Colonel Richard Hamilton, and heard both the Duke of Berwick, and him call the said Dr. Walker and Colonel Baker, Governors : I further certify, that at my leaving Londonderry, the said Dr. Walker gave me money, to bear my charges, in the presence of the other Governor, Colonel Baker, and upon my coming to London, acquainted the King with the same, and never heard that the said Dr. Walker was denied to be one of the Governors till of late. Witness my hand, this 13th day of April, i690. “ Jos. Bennet.” But, to drive the nail home, take the testimonial of Gervase Squire, E sq. present mayor of Londonderry, and who acted and suffered in it during the whole siege, a person of that integrity and candour, that his bare asseveration would in- fluence and sway a jury in his own country. “ I do hereby certify, that Dr. George Walker, during all the time of the siege of the city of London- derry, and until INI aj or- General Kirk came into the said city, executed the office and place of Governor of the same, joint with Colonel Henry Baker, until the said Baker’s sickness, of which he died, and after with Colonel John Mitchelburne, who was in a general meeting of the field and other officers of the said garrison, elected to act as Governor, in the said Baker’s sickness, as well in all things i elating to military affairs, as in seeing the provisions gathered and distributed. The management of the provisions to the best advantage, was a great means by which the said city held out so long ; and I do also certify, that it being agreed upon by the said Governors and council, that I should administer an oath of fidelity, (then agreed upon to be taken by the said Governors and Council) I administer- ed the said oath to the said Dr. Walker, and Colonel Baker, as Governors of the said city, (the said Dr. Walker having the precedency) as well as to MACKENZIE’S NARRATIVE A FALSE LIBEL. 463 the rather because it cannot be reasonably suspected of the least partiality : — “ As I was commanded, in per- son, with my detachments, by Col. Mitchelburne, Governor of Derry, so during my stay thqre, I ob- served in every particular, and upon all occasions, he not only was, but acted as sole Governor, and was the only person that ap- plication was made to as such. “ Fiennes TwrsLETON.” The same gentleman confirms the account given before concern- ing the boom, and even when the ships came up to our relief, they saw boats working at it to repair it, for some days before they made the attempt . — {End of Portions omitted from Mackenzie .) The first is from Alex. Sanderson, < the members of the said Council, all which I am ready to depose upon oatli, if required : and I farther certify that I never saw a pamphlet entitled ‘ A Narrative of the Siege of London- derry,’ or any part of it, published by Mr. John Mackenzie, until after it was printed, and having perused since, I do not approve of it. Witness my hand the 9th day of April, 1690. “ Gee. Squibe, Mayor.” I do not think it either neces- sary or requisite to multiply any more instances in this case, to confirm what I have undertaken, and to disprove the unjust scan- dals, suggested in Mr. Mackenzie’s Libel ; nevertheless I shall, ex abundantly subjoin two or three passages in Letters formerly writ- ten, which are now in my hands, le of the captains in Londonderry. Londonderry , 8th of August, 1689. SrR — Understanding that you were at London, I give you these from this sad besieged place : it were long and tedious to give you a full account of all our tragedies, seeing you may have a full account of the whole particulars, from our noble and worthy Governor Walker, which I am sure will much astonish you, when you hear of it, of the straits and difficulties we endured, \ and yet, by the providence of God, who was on our side, and the extraordi- nary goodguidance of our worthy Governor, who managed affairs in this garri- son to a most extraordinary advantage, for our preservation and subsistence, which the end hath proven, &c . — My pen would fain lead me on to give you a farther account of particulars, but as I said before, lie only can give it you at large, being privy to all by night and by day. Yours, eminent citizens, whose remains, originally interred within this Ca- thedral, were exhumed during its alteration in 1861, and cast into the graveyard. Having been carefully collected by the ‘ Apprentice Boys/ they were re- interred here on the 24th May, a.d., 1861.” May 24. — At noon the Cathedral was opened for the re-interment of the coffins and cases filled with the insulted relics of the dead. A large con- course of ladies, gentry, &c., attended. A parch- ment roll, beautifully engrossed by Win. Glendining, of the Londonderry Registry Office, was then signed OF THE MEN OF 1688. 487 and attested in due form. It was as follows: — “ Within this oaken case, and in the surrounding coffins, are de- posited the bones of several of the heroes of 1688-89, and of other eminent citizens, whose remains, originally interred within this Ca- thedral were exhumed during its alteration in J 861, and cast into the graveyard. Many of their skeletons had orange silk ribbons attached to them. Having been carefully collected by the 4 Apprentice Boys,’ they were re-interred here on the 24th day of May, a.d., 1861. Copies of the Londonderry newspapers of the time, viz., the Sentinel of the 17th and 24th May, the Standard of the J6th May, and the Guardian of 14tli and 21st May, giving accounts of the trans- actions above referred to ; also, a copy of ‘ The Siege and History of Londonderry,’ edited by John Hempton, 1861, containing the Diaries of the Siege of 1688-9, by Walker, Mackenzie and Ash, and the History of Londonderry till the present time, are deposited within this bottle. “James Wm. Gregg, President of Apprentice Boys of Derry. “Wm. M. Beresfobd, Senior Curate of Derry Cathedral. “ Alexander Lindsay, J.P., Alderman. “ Bobert Alexander, Merchant. “ David Irvine, President of Murray Club of Apprentice Boys. “ John G. Ferguson, Vice-President of the Apprentice Boys of Derry Club.” This, with the Papers and Book mentioned in it, were enclosed in a bottle and sealed hermetically. The foregoing document having been publicly read to the audience in the Cathedral, the bottle, with its contents, was deposited within the oaken case. The Rev. William Montgomery Beresford then delivered an eloquent address suited to the occasion. The introductory portion of it was as follows : — “My Christian Brethren and Fellow-Townsmen — Often as I have addressed you from this time- honoured place, I feel that I have never done so with greater solemnity than on the present occasion. The remains of the departed have, in all ages of the world, been treated with the greatest veneration and regard. In the heathen world they burned the bodies of the dead, and carefully and affectionately deposited their ashes in urns, which were preserved with the greatest care, to be regarded with especial veneration by survivors. In the ancient church we find Joseph, _L.I1 piCOOllCO Ui “ Robt. Bateson, Bt., J.P., D.L., C as trues, Derry. “Harvey Nicholson, J.P., Londonderry and Roe Park. 488 RE-INTERMENT OF RELICS when dying, giving directions concerning the removal of his bones. In the early Christian church the feeling was very strong on the subject; and in the catacombs of Rome we may still find abundant traces of the affection with which the primitive Christians regarded the remains of their departed friends. This feeling, natural in itself, becomes more intense and absorbing when the objects of our regard have been famous or conspicuous in their lives for noble or glorious deeds. On the present occasion we are as- sembled to re-commit to their receptacles the remains of those who were illustrious either from the part thejr played in the great struggle for civil and religious liberty which took place in the memorable defence of this city a.d. 1688-9, or from the distinguished posi- tion they occupied as leading citizens of the town. It must be to any Christian or philanthropic mind a matter of the deepest sorrow and regret that any ap- parent slight or disregard should have been mani- fested towards the illustrious dead of this place. Great care and pains have been taken to collect the remains of our illustrious forefathers ; and we owe a debt of gratitude to those who have so successfully arranged matters as to pay the utmost regard and veneration for those who were interred within the walls of this ancient Cathedral. We must all rejoice at this homage of love paid to their memories. We have still fresh in our minds the deeds of valour and heroism which some of them performed in this place. I take this opportunity of testifying what pain and grief it has caused both the Bishop of this Diocese and the Dean of Derry. I have received letters from them both, stating their sincere regret at what has recently occurred, with regard to the remains which we now restore to their place of sepulture. We are not unmindful of the blessings of civil and religious liberty bequeathed to us by their bravery ; and, with all affection and regard, we now consign them to their last resting-place. Those remains OF THE MEN OF 1688. 489 which our eyes have erewhile gazecl upon, we shall not again hehold till the trump of the Archangel shall resound through the universe, and the dead shall emerge from their graves. They shall then appear, not as dry bones and skeletons, hut with quickened and immortal bodies, to render to the Judge of quick and dead an account of the deeds done in the flesh. Let us, my Christian friends, not leave without seek- ing to gather a lesson of spiritual improvement from the scene now transacted before us. Learn we from this a lesson of our own mortality. ‘ All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field.’ ” After he concluded, six minute guns, discharged by the Apprentice Boys close by on the Church Wall, re-echoed through the open windows and arches of the Cathedral. The coffins and cases w r ere secured in brick work and flagged over, to preserve them from future injury. After completing the duty thus devolved on the Apprentice Boys, of collecting and re-interring, within St. Columb’s Cathedral, the bones and relics of the illustrious citizens and defenders of Derry, they also gathered the mould cast out with those remains on the walks and graves, and formed it into a conical mound in the Cathedral churchyard, close to the City Walls. This mound is erected on the part of the graveyard not now used for interments. The centre of the mound is in a direct line due east of the centre of the Cathedral. It rises fourteen feet, and is forty-four feet in diameter at the base. It is enclosed with solid masonry, and contains a substantial foundation to support an appropriate memorial on the summit, which will tend to ornament the locality. It is also proposed to inscribe upon this memorial, and on a mural tablet over the present rest- ing-place of the re-interred remains within the church, a record of these transactions, in order to transmit them to posterity. 490 LIST OP DERRY YEOMAN CAVALRY. Since tlie list of the Londonderry Yeoman Cavalry, at page 432, was printed, the following additional names have been supplied, as having been among those brave and loyal men who, at that early stage of the Irish Rebellion, we re enrolled to restrain the dis- affected in this city and the surrounding districts : — Thomas Murray, John Alexander, William Bond, John Bond, David Walker, Thomas Lecky, James M‘Crea, Alexander Brown, Derry; and Alex. Brown, Cloughlass. WALKER’S PILLAR. BY GEORGE DOUGALL, NEWT OWNCUNNIN GH AM. Published in August, 1827, during the erection of the Testimonial on the central- western or lioyal Bastion. This Pillar is 6 feet 0 inches in diameter, 81 feet in height, and the statue of Walker, on a conical dome, rises 12 feet higher. Shall freedom’s awful voice no more Ascend in minstrelsy sublime ? Shall Derry’s sacred band of yore Still slumber in the dust of time ? Here chieftains fell in manhood’s prime; But Heaven regards their destiny, And spreads from hence, through every clime, The vestal flame of liberty. Oft rosy hues on Foyla’s breast, On Windmill -hill the noon-day sun, On Pennyburn the breezy west, Have played since faith and freedom won ! But from the dgeds that here were done, Historic glory fades away ; Here every field is Marathon, And every pass Thermopylae. When royal treason doom’d our fall, The powers of darkness onward drove, Disease and famine scal’d our wall And clouds of horror clos’d above. Then freedom, like a banish’d dove, Bereft of home — bereft of rest, Sought refuge in a city’s love, And found an ark — the freeman’s breast ! 492 WALKERS PILLAE. Rise, WALKER ! — Father of the free ! Undaunted soldier ! — saint and sage ! Thy Bible and thy sword shall be Our beacon lights from age to age ; The ’PRENTICE BOYS our hearts engage, And MURRAY still in mem’ry warm, Who gleam’d amid the battle’s rage, A bolt of vengeance in the storm. Around this pile, from year to year, Shall grateful sires their homage pay, And pledge the youthful hero here, To liberty and truth for aye. Inspired by deeds of glory’s day, A phalanx firm shall still be shown, With heart and hand like those away, To guard the altar and the throne. ■