TABLES FOB TUB ETEKMINATION OF MINERALS ARRANGED FOR THE STUDENTS OF THE SCHOOL OF MINES COIUMBIA COLLEGE, BY THOMAS EGLESTOH,. Professor of Mineralogy and Metallurgy. FOURTH EDITION. HEW YORK: 1871 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, by THOMAS EGLESTON, In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. Stephen Angell, Printer, 410 Fourth Avenue. CONTEXTS. Contents, m Introduction, v Classification of the Species according to Crystalline Form, . vi Classification of the Species according to Hardness, .... yiii Classification of the Species according to Specific Gravity, . . . x Classification of the Species (Systematic Arrangement), . . . xm Systems of Crystallization, xv Scale of Hardness, • xv Scale of Fusibility, xvi Tables, page 1 Index, * page 25 | INTRODUCTION. The following tables have been arranged for the use of the students of the School of Mines. They have been condensed from the lectures and are intended to familiarize the student with the principal characteristics of minerals, so that by the aid of two or three questions, relating to the opera- tions they would be obliged to perform in the field, a mineral can be deter- mined. They have been used with marked success in the practical study of mineralogy for several years. T. EGLESTON. School of Mines, 1871. 1 CLASSIFICATION OF THE SPECIES ACCORDING TO CRYSTALLINE FORM. ISOMETRIC. Diamond, Kalinite, Ullmannite, Tennantite, Garnet, Iron, Sphalerite, Tetrahedrite, Lapis Lazuli, Magnetite, Lead, Mercury, Hauynite, Franklinite, Galenite, Silver, Leucite, Pyrite, Clausthalite, Amalgam, Analcite, Pharmacosiderite, Arsenolite, Argentite, Halite, Chromite, Senarmontite, Cerargyrite, Sal Ammoniac, Alabandite, Uraninite, Bromyrite, Fluorite, Linnaeite, Copper, Embolite, Boracite, Smaltite, Cuprite, Gold, Spinel, Cobaltite, Bornite, Platinum. TETEAGONAL. Zircon, Scheelite, Stannite, Wulfenite, Vesuvianite, Braunite, Rutile, Torbernite, Wernerite, Hausmannite, Octahedrite, Chalcopyrite, Apophyllite, Cassiterite, Stolzite, Calomel. ORTHORHOMBIC. Sulphur, Staurolite, Aphthitalite, Aragonite, Chrysolite, Calamine, Thenardite, Epsomite, Iolite, Prehnite, Mascagnite, Diaspore, Muscovite, Natrolite, Barite, Wavellite, Lepidolite, Stilbite, Witherite, Chrysoberyl, Chondrodite, Talc, Celestite, Goethite. Andalusite, Serpentine, Strontianite, Marcasite, Topaz, Nitre, Anhydrite, Leucopyrite, i DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. Arsenopyrite, Scorodite, Columbite, Wolframite, Pyrolusite, Manganite, Triplite, Wollastonite, Pyroxene, Spodumene, Petalite, Amphibole, Epidote, Orthoclase, Fibrolite, Euclase, Sassolite, Rhodonite, Anorthite, Water, Tellurium, Graphite, Quartz, Beryl, Willemite, Phenacite, Biotite, Nephelite, Tourmaline, Dioptase, Carbonic Acid, Opal, Chrysocolla, Chlorastrolite, vi i Goslarite, Orpiment, Brochantite, Brookite, Valentinite, Atacamite, Bournonite, Stibnite, Libethenite, Anglesite, Autunite, Olivenite, Cerussite, Molybdite, Stephanite, Bismuthinite, Aikenite, Chalcosite, Polybasite. MONOCLINIC. Datolite, Natron, Erythrite, Titanite, Barytocalcite, Annabergite, Pectolite, Gypsum, Crocoite, Laumontite, Pharmacolite, Realgar, Harmotome, Alunogen, Kermesite, Heulandite, Melanterite, Liroconite. Glauberite, Vivianite, Malachite, Mirabilite, Borax, Bieberite, Azurite. TRICLIISriC. Labradorite, Albite, Cryolite, Oligoclase, Cyanite, Chalcanthite. HEXAGONAL. Chabazite, Pyrfhotite, Bismuth, Prochlorite, Copiapite, Tetradymite, Soda Nitre, Siderite, Arsenic, Apatite, Menaccanite, Antimony, Calcite, Rhodochrosite, Molybdenite, Dolomite, Millerite, Cinnabar, Brucite, Niccolite, Proustite, Magnesite, Zincite, P^Fargyrite, Corundum, Smithsonite, Iodyrite, Alunite, Pyromorphite, Iridosmine. Hematite, Mimetite, AMORPHOUS. Sepiolite, Arseniosiderite, Zaratite, Aluminite, Psilomelane, Hydrozincite, Turquois, Wad, Minium. Limonite, Remingtonite, CLASSIFICATION OF THE SPECIES H. <1 Carbonic Acid, Mercury, Molybdite, Sassolite, Water. I5.=0*5 — 6 Wad. II. =1—1*5 Cerargyrite, Embolite, Iodyrite, Kermesite, Molybdenite, Natron, Talc. II. =1—2 Aluminite, Arseniosiderite, Bromyrite, Calomel, Graphite. II. =1—2-5 Sulphur. II. = 1-5 Arsenolite, Brucite, Copiapite, Ice, Lead. ACCORDING TO HARDNESS. H.=l-5=2 Alunogen, Gypsum, Mirabilite, Orpiment, Realgar, Sal-Ammoniac, Soda-Nitre, Tetradymite, Yivianite. II. =1-5— 2-5 Erythrite. II. =2 Melanterite, Nitre, Stibnite. II. =2 — 2*25 Epsomite. II. =2 — 2*5 Aikinite, Argentite, Autunite, Bismuth, Bismuthinite, Borax, Cinnabar, Goslarite, Hydrozincite, Liroconite, Mascagnite, Pharmacolite, Prochlorite, Proustite, Pyrargyrite, Pyrolusite, Senarmontite, Stephanite, Tellurium, Thenardite, Torbernite. II. =2 — 3 Chrysoeolla, Kalinite, Lepidolite, Minium, Polybasite. II. =2*5 Chalcanthite. Cryolite, Halite, Muscovite, Pharmacosiderite, Sepiolite. II. =2*5 — 2*7 Galenite. II. =2*5— 3 Annabergite, Bournonite, Clialcocite, Clausthalite, Copper, Crocoite, Glauberite, Gold, Silver, Y alentinite. II. =2*5 — 3*5 Barite, Calcite. II. =2-7 — 2*9 Biotite. H.=2*7— 3 Anglesite, Wulfenite. H.=2*75 — 3 Stolzite. II. =3 Bornite, Olivenite, Serpentine. H.= 3 — 3*2 Zaratite. H.=3 — 3*5 Amalgam, Anhydrite, Antimony, Aphthitalite, Atacamite, Celestite, Cerussite, Millerite. H.=3 — 4*5 Tetrahedrite. 8 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. IX H.=3*2-4 Wavellite. II. =3-5 Arsenic, Laumontite, Mimetite. II. =3-5— 3-7 Witherite. II.— 3*5 — 4 Alabandite, Alunite, Aragonite, Brochantite, Chalcopyrite, Cuprite, Dolomite, Heulandite, Malachite, Pyromorphite, Scorodite, Sphalerite, Stilbite, Strontianite, Tennantite. H.=3-5=4-2 Azurite. M.=3-5 — 4*5 Magnesite, Pyrrhotite, Rhodochrosite, Siderite. H.=4 Barytocalcite, Fluorite, Libethenite, Manganite, Stannite. II. =4 — 4*5 Chabazite, Platinum, Zincite. H.=4 — 5 Pectolite. II.=4-5 Iron, Harmotome. II. =4*5 — 5 Apatite, Apophyllite, Scheelite, Wollastonite. II. =5 Calamine, Chromite, Dioptase, Franklinite, Smithsonite. H.=5— 5-5 Groethite, Hausmannite, Leucopyrite, Limonite, Natrolite, Niccolite, Titanite, Triplite, Ullmannite, Wolframite. II. =5 — 6 Amphibole, Cyanite, Menaccanite, Psilomelane, Pyroxene, Wernerite. II. =5— 6*5 Hematite. 11=5-5 Analcite, Chromite, Cobaltite, Datolit^ Lapis Lazuli, Linnseite, Uraninite, Willemite. II. =5*5 — 6 Arsenopyrite, Brookite, Chlorastrolite, Hauynite, Leucite, Magnetite, Nephelite, Octahedrite, Smaltite. M.=5-5— 6-5 Opal, Rhodonite. SI. =6 Anorthite, Columbite, Labradorite, Oligoelase, Orthoclase, Turquois. H.=6— 6*5 Albite, Braunite, Chondrodite, Marcasite, Petalite, Pyrite, Rutile. II. =6— 7 Cassiterite, Fibrolite, Iridosmine, Prehnite. SI. =6-5 Epidote, V esuvianite. H.=6-5— 7 Chrysolite, Diaspore, G-arnet, Spodumene. SI. =7 Boracite, Quartz. II. =7— 7-5 Iolite, Staurolite, Tourmaline. SI. =7*5 SI. = 7-5— 8 Beryl, Phenacite. SI. =9 Corundum. H. = l© Diamond. H. undetermined. Bieberite, Remingtonite. SI. =8 Spinel, Topaz. II. =8-5 Chrysoberyl. Andalusite, Euelase, Zircon. CLASSIFICATION OF THE SPECIES ACCORDING TO SPECIFIC GRAY 0.-0*918 — 1 Water. G.=l*2— 1*6 Sepiolite. G.=l*4 Mirabilite, Natron. G.=I‘48 Sassolite. G.=l*5 Carbonic Acid, Sal-Ammoniac. G.=l*5— 1*8 Kalinite. G.=l*6 Aluminite. G.=l*6— 1*8 Alunogen. G. = l*7 Aphthitalite, Borax, Epsomite, Mascagnite. G.=l*8 Melanterite. G.=l*9 Nitre. G.=l*9-2*1 Goslarite. <£.=1*9— 2*3 Opal. G.=2 Graphite. G.=2— 21 Chabazite. G.=2— 2*2 Clirysocolla, Soda-Nitre, Stilbite. G.=2— 2-5 Biotite. G. =2*072 Sulphur. G.=2*l— 2*2 Heulandite, Natrolite. G.=2*l — 2*5 Halite. G.=2*2 Analcite, Clialcanthite. G. =2*28— 2*41 Laumontite. G.=2*3 Brucite, Gypsum, W avellite. G.=2*3 — 2*4 Lapis Lazuli. G.=2*35— 2*39 Apophyllite. G.=2*4 Harmotome. G.=2*4— 2*5 Leucite. G.=2*4 — 2*8 Haiiynite. G.=2*42— 2*45 Petalite. G.=2.47— 2*6 Serpentine. G.=2*5 — 2*6 Iolite, N eph elite, Zaratite. G.=2*5 — 2*7 Alunite, Calcite, Quartz. G.=2*53— 2*59 Orthoclase. G.= 2*54— 2*64 Albite. G.=2*0 Yivianite. G. =2*6— 2*7 Anorthite, Beryl, Labradorite, T Y. Oligoclase, Pharmaeolite, Wernerite. G.=2*6 — 2*8 Glauberite, Prochlorite, Talc, Turquois. G.=2*6— 3 Phenacite. G.=2*7 Thenardite. G.=2*7 — 2*8 Pectolite. G.=2*7 — 2*9 Wollastonite. G.=2*8 — 2*9 Anhydrite, Dolomite, Liroconite, Prehnite. G.=2*8 — 3 Datolite, Lepidolite, Magnesite. G.=2*8 — 3*1 Muscovite. G.=2*9 Aragonite, Boracite, Erythrite. 10 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. XI G.=2*9— 3 Cryolite, Pharmacosiderite. G.=2-9 — 3*4 Araphibole. t r- 53 0> l* Ms 0> 00 2 *-> & CD | £ =3 H « § W>8* Hr* O fcc m o g-o . aj 4-3 rC £3^ ps o « o< fl o ^ ,rt «0 £52 s'S tf & £n r3 . no o.S 3 .So .°C/2 v c3 a§ “.C °3 sa > ° rrt P» « S r2 *■< K« S «s a £ o . c « §2 2 « o-< <5 oc _^» .S ® © o~e S§<3 p< £ o o 5 « s o — ® gS.£ IPS' -PS cfi c3 2 . 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Gelatinize Gelatinize with HC1 a gives olf H Gelatinize Completel soluble, but does n gelatinize Soluble an deposits pulverulei silica. Imperfectl soluble. Insoluble Insoluble Colors and Physical Properties. White, gray, yellow, green, blue and red. Gray, white. Blue. Blue. White, gray, red. Colorless, white. Gray, yellow, red, blue, with play of colors. White, green, red. Colorless, pale red, yel- low, green, gray. 0 0 CO CO GO CO , ; CO CO CO CO to 00 02 * 0 0 0 ft Is jj-a £ > o.S is ^ £ S is p, c3*w o ft X3r- , aj'7- , a .^^-C33 ^a’yss'S p- © © > *3 > | lo 0° CO 0^ ^ 0 00 ^ O 1C o o t> «o o ^ 0 0*> 10 O CO « +i « 05 +* 05 05 +=> 05 05 05 05 ^ 05 05 05 05 ^ 05 05 ^ 05 cq ^ 05 coO 1 1 | 1 ^"a r-T 5»_r5> 6 1 l a a 3 a* a -j s & C8 2 53 a rs w o a cs 53 a . 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Pn.*p 0.2 0 0,0 .2 S 2 ^2-2® S.2oi > Hj< bcP-* S 2 0 5 01 w | -u £ 0 ,0^0 tJ0 2 15-S -§0^2 R^oo O' 0 ^PhSJ S’ 0 •3 2-g .2 2 2” ■3 o. 2 o o-3 o <0 0 ft I” c 3 'o O hondro- dite, *S a y 3 0 C 3 '3 oT O y ^2 cf •a <0 N e 3 & O aT a 'o d cT 'o <0 0 O H <1 £ 0 H p DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. (D a* p 1 g 5 02 1 a*G 5^3 '3 ST ^ £ QQ 0D ^ CD <2 *.3 .2 o ^ H = I ©%'S S3 >L ■'« * ©3 o I § co 6 2 m S 3 -rt 60 uo a © © © © CO 1h © So S 83 !-£* t On 3 3 2 £ a © a ~ ^ g« a 6 . .20 .gw eSjg CD . m •© rt S « S3 N O 6D« a a a &«3 %’S 1 a .2 ’©■> °© ||5 o * o p ’£ o S)60 ft .2 6 a.2 115 fe a . 53 ©3 © 2 ©d a g‘® o« CO CO grt« ® O j 3 £■« © o a't^g.2 'S a £3 £ 53 K *3 a ^ ^ l “ P ^'11 © ■“ H •§ © a ■“ a iisHtr ^ a eaopu. Ph Qd tea si 3 -® * ©■3 hite,yel iy, red. liatesin tir, losii water. Emeral green. SjS fl pf UP ^ o ^3 ,a , • ••►»* ©« g g o a a 2 6i2' Q g Ill'll °*£.^ >> .2 S .£ tea © „© © © «”3 2 & 2 £ ft h O © 3 £ White. White. 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Rhombic Prism of 99 ° 56 ' Amorphous. ^2 • +* CD V-i 1 > oT of a» cf 0 ) d 03 CO cT d 6 03 is O’o a v i® 1 'o a. I 0 1 o g 0 a CJ *-< 2 hryso colla *S c 3 rehni hloras lite. H m Ph ►3 s o Q cu o DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 7 u o c® *-< cS xi ntumesces, o a white lex. «s o 03 03 >>« *» 6J1 C5 o ** 00 m jbS 00 T3 3 sjs 0 >> d r O 03 © iable, and with diffi- tie edges. i-s Q g 03 d d ■2 5 d a ti o 'O . 0 ►‘ai e3 55 4) ®4S » Sj’s © o o ft ‘ft £ o 5 Exfoliates, i and melts t enam Fuses quie colorless 3 W a) o> T3 *3© go s® to v'- 1 £ * S3 *>. S 1 C3 jd ^ S|o S2>, o ©2g 03 > £ d 'S o -d ® a© 63 .to 03 45 £ CO ® d so V O'© I" 3 Id® 03 03 >? © .©5 s © d o.ti ° P3 Action of Acids. Decomposed leaving slimy silica. Soluble with gelatinous silica. Soluble with separation of gelatinous silica. Soluble with oeparation of siimy silica. Soluble with pulverulent silica. Soluble with pulverulent silica. Soluble with pulverulent j silica. Partly acted on after long ebullition in concentrated acids. Soluble with gelatinous silica. Colors and Physical Properties. Colorless, gray, yellow, blue, rose, pale green. Colorless, white, gray, red or green. Colorless, white, gray, blue, green, red. Colorless, white, red, yellow. Colorless, white, gray, brown and red. White, red, yellow, brown. White, gray, [yellow, brown red. Blue, green, gray, white. White, gray, or reddish. cS 6 o © 6 © © 6 sj, ©^ >- o c5 45 45 3 3 3 •ts © 3 3 02 ► o o £ 5 ► P P f® 45 « 0) © o -d A fd do m M3 00 m DO ^ C2 O -*-a c3 a> . Luster 8 © 02 i3>?2 krt 4) ft & O o m £ Vitreou or pearl, © O o u £ Sf o £ Vitreou pearly on Macro-Pii coid. Vitreous pearly on Clino-Pii coid. Pearly on cleavag planes Dull. Hard- ness. 4.5 to 5 »o o»® 5.5 j o» 4.5 CO ^ 1© O _u . o*q ^ ^ri 2.5 *c >• »0 ^ 05 eo Oeo 03 ©3 ©3 ^ o o<» « o 5 ® © « ft © 3 ' ^ ©3 ©j *- ©3 ©3 o >4= 4) O u ,-5 © c® ©3 © o es > °SS e o© S«2‘o d* 4> > - *>r3 O ©3 53 O >, >.■5 >> 45 C3 © § a) u 2 « 2© a « © © 1 2 d C u O o c d 6 © ^ o c fl G © G eg*© P.Sg P d ftQ pag 02 © to Cleavage. Very easy pa- rallel to the base. Easy parallel to the Prism. i Imperfect pa- rallel to the faces of the Cube. Parallel to the Rhombo- hedron. Parallel to the base and the Prism. Easy parallel to the Macro and Brachy- Pinacoids. Easy parallel to the Clino- Pinacoid. Easy Parallel to the base, difficult paral. to the Prism. 0> .a JO © i- u Primitive Form. — Right Squa: Prism. Right Rhom Prism of 91° Cube. Rhombo- hedron of 94° 46' Inclined , Rhombic Prism of 124° 47' ib 05 -r P « Inclined Rhombic Prism of 136° 14' Rt. Rhombi Prism nea 120 ? Compact o earthy. 0> > b & a “So! s«a feS'c O co t>0 2^ 1:3 -S3® w « 0+3 o >,es +2 c03 bb a 2 ca ci oa , o g « 5 «ig >,5 'g'O aj 3 pi 03 d o o +< ■< OO •£ rcJ 02 H ga ~ aa 2 £3 O K rcJ-S > O o g- a8 «S o * 0 Q O.P « crfl g P OJ C3 O t. 2 _ O' d -O > ** -Z eo .3 bifld * a ,2 s PS °® oo ^ ^ *» 3’dh « o 3 fl ” o bp 'o ^ £§*8 Ph 02 Lg « I! s'® fe Green, yellow, red. Green, brown, yellow. White, White, bluish or greenish. White, brown, gray, yellow. Double Re- fracting. White. Yellow or gray. White, Colorless, white, yellow, blue, red, purple. 6 !>. . 53 fl d d d d d +-> d «5 3 lig 2 2 2 2 2 2 !fl £ £ * o ® ►» ©H 2 § £ a £ CO o 1 ® ^ © C5 '*-' CO t— i -*-■* 05 o o 0 q t-I +“ c5 V 03 C«0 t- o ^ o o O o GO 05 ^ 05 o 05 05 CO o oo 05 ^ 05 ri OX 5 05 05 2 2 •2 a >>_• 33 a o t 3 So &i S J. ® oh*^ o ,2’C ba S’SP^ ,«l_gfl 5 p*~ a a ^a 23 rfpH Xx o> 5 s d g°.2 Sg S ' 3 pa , 5is - o'* gE* £ p=^ 2^3 'S a;P< 2 3 Ph o a> 5 <3 IP ox> cc 3 oO So Oh .2 ® o o C T3 | a Mo o a in co pa ®73 a 02 -r S •Pi ILb 2 o' 3 to O O •5 e® &Eo w ail* g®b Jar 5 Ph a°© o gw O ^eo P= h so a o o I'?® a|S *sfi |2° 'g o Js s-fl n m«Ph . o<*-> 0'-0 V «,P> 3+ c g gw 7* 0.2& f— *H GO Q? of § oT +_> cf -u id SiT Ph-h % k 'B o i V ^2 d c3 W P2 ca <1 m H 3 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 9 i © 1 M 03 M o © Qi <3 Is •3 W> S3 •g 2 § 05 in ’© a 'a a a volatilizes com- pletely. volatilizes com- pletely. tates and is fusi- l difficulty on the edges. tates and melts nsparent globule ecomes white on cooling. tates and fuses fficulty and col- flame yellowish- green. tates and fuses ifficulty. Gives :. reaction. n the edges and Is. Gives Sr. reaction. ft £ s 3 ® U 0/3 g.S^ *&3 0 'ft'® 3 co C '© CO > O EsS C/2 ft ft §’* O 05 .2 ^J3 ft 'q 50 pq C/2 M © © 03 © ^=3 02 ^ oS® 0 % 0 a © pG © rG ^ Action of Acids. Soluble in water. Soluble in water. Effervesces with acids. Soluble in water. Soluble in water. Insoluble. n ® s x> > s >-< ■cfg *3 a •r a ^ g 2 © r© ^ G u JZ © Insoluble. 2 © as Oltt C/2 © C/2 © OQ © olors and Physical roper ties hite. gray, or blue. hite, gray, yellow. tf 3 s? hite, gray, r yellow. lite, yellow, y, blue, red r brown. >3 If © P 3d © S-. O ^*1 bt*© © ►» 3 © "White or faintly bluish or reddish. •SSd o^2 g g 1 ® » ft £ 0 £ 2 0 > b» ^ 3 ^2 bC 0 bi) £ © © © S © © © _© c5 2 A 3 A 3 IS 13 3 3 £ £ £ £ £ ► & * © *-• . 05 CO © .. *- 0 . l-l 0 05 ® CO 0 © . O GO S G G os' „ b-. CO G CO G 2 © GO © c» G © O O G © G © 0's © s ■p ft > 2 c § hi © 3 2 • £ s £ £ lis 0. £“ §.3 £ OQ © 11 £ * © G g* > *G co c3 © w = * 2 t° 2.5 -32 NO 10 . ft> CM a o 1 ® ©i ■** c© *o orr^ eo — c© 3 to 3.5 c© ^ 1 >* '5 *> ■£*- ^ 000 ^ «. 0 M . CO 05 «o C ^ 8.2 t-H i-H rH rH ^ ft ^ c© CO CO ft 1 CO 02 qJj © !_ 3 2 A% c a G G 0 a X - . 533 a O © G a 1 *3 •3 rG *4 >>© 5 « © > © © > © © © © > © ,©•§ > ft O © ^3 2 © > © Pm G O O w £ a w 0 s O ftg e e © tf) c3 © £s! a © pG O . ' 4 " > O © A -G P • is ^ © 5»! © 0 -2^5 3 g ft © © 5 SB © 2 a -+-* CO ^ Oh © ® a & 1 J cfi ^5 c x: ‘2 , — 1 CO © 3 p— < © © pG 3 - d r— « ry2 © 24 p © 5 g 3’S s 3 2 "c ft g-g © aO 32 & G 3 != >» g ©33 a 3 w g © ciO £o c3 l® 4 c3 ^=ft rt ft pm 6U.a CU ft 5 CU, ft ft -a ft © © .2 © © •- a 'd.H 0 © ,© rJ.2'3 c .O 'fci •ESS? ”3 ®.2p c -O t. <•— a & 0 2 sg° 5 a ai? 13-SS C Co o-gl 2 ft ^ p* »-*P!3Ph ►~«ft ^•ft- ^jPM- ft«ft- jjft •a® ft M M « Name of the Species. Borax, Natron, Mascagnite, Sal-Ammo- niac, Barite, c* *G CD | Barytocal- cite, Celestite, ca 0® 5H -r-l m 10 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 0 © e3 a X O o Cm Se-* « « *> ► a ss§ « « « U <3 « c 2 •§ |3 co 0 to 01 (1 3 CO 09 • £i ga * ® © © ►» 3 o §s 'O so -a fa « fa © Q 1 “•a fa a CO 3 <04 © ^ c •© a Action of Acids. Slightly sol- uble in U. Soluble in 4 to 500 parts of water. Gives the re- action for FI. with S. Dissolves in HC1 & in N.’ Soluble in acids. Insol- uble in water. Soluble with effervescence Soluble with effervescence Slowly soluble. Soluble, leav- ing a yellow powder. Colors and Physical Properties. While, gray* ish, bluish, reddish. White, gray, yellow, blue, red, black, brown. White, yellow, green, blue, red, brown. Colorless, green, blue, violet, red, gray, brown. White, gray, or red. Colorless, green, yellow, gray, violet. White, gray, green, yellow, red, black. Double re- fracting. White, gray, red, green, brown, yellow, black. •White, yellow, brown. >. K M JA ^ © © © d 2 2 t/> to © cS © 3 3 3 2 o o 2 £ £ £ £ P= o »§ to a o *-* °« sg CO 3 © I* ° ® CO 3 3 © S S Si* pi* i. ® o a 2 a 00 |l £ © ^2 iS - ? V £ 8.2 J~ CO -*-> © © > © a © -jg P> o« o a 2 p 2 2 - k 8 a fa-3 k « *s « *5 « cs a> K a 3 to 3.5 1.5 to 2 •* 4.5 to 5 -32 CO ~ «5 O ^0-44 oi co co +> 4.5 to 5 ; «§£ *5 > 00 0 e. CO . u © © o o © H d £ •a a "3 d d 3 a a . . 3 3 a a S3 © > > T3 © •2* > *3 © •g > > •o S 2 £ > | 0/ a S3 © « *a g X c © a a 1 -§s V a & P to C S3 P = a J s = & © o O O o Q O o o © O/ © • a © ® « © . g 5 > cs ^3 © * fill o.S . 3 i‘3 5 § © ** MM T3 — 4 2 2 © © o © 3 a o.2 . ^ fa ^ d o'o 3 « '©JO c 3 c-a - a - a ® ® o ® 5 G — « ©^3 © 5 — t- *g 2 S 3.1* So fa Sm £ "S 04 |g =3.2 ® S3 fa o ° 2 e3 (2^ -3 gfa 3fa 3 a fa fa 0= 5S So <2° Primitive Form. © 2 s ®» O C‘© 3 g& fa-g® .jfa*' 1 ’S3°m .s a a?* •« °.2ig £ J3 •£ e© *->fafa fl 2 *S 1 S Hexagonal Prism. Inclined Khombic Prism of 111°6’ t Rhombic Prism of 116°10' o o A *b E| Sg °3 o ® fa fa ight Square Prism. fa o fa fa | a. of St s' s Q* cT ■m *C o %-j o3 O o a 2 «f «3 .3 cT ! cT • .t3 a a S O d P4 u 'es O *3 © E ***1 £ < © Q CQ DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 11 CO Blowpipe Characters. Infusible. Becomes opaque and friable. Loses water and fuses. ntumesces and fuses t glass which is white oj cooling. rives a bright light, lose C, and is infusible. Infusible, but changes color. Infusible. Infusible. Fuses with difficulty. Intumosees and fuses. t-t eS <0 P . 0-1 0 c . d © ** © as © te H3 CO > ^ *" os — ©?« JU 2 d 3 2 p © ■— ‘3 ◄ _a "3 CQ IS 03 O £ o.S CO "o’? m O 5“ Insolubl HC1. Pa ly solub s’. 2 CO a 1 1 0 ® a. © If 2 ? ZD Colors and Physical Properties. I* •. to © .ti © -a 3 White. White, gray, yellow, red, green. Pyroelectric. hite, yellow, brown. Red, blue, een, yellow, ray, white, own, black. Colorless, ne, red, yel- low, gray, brown. Colorless, sen, violet, blue, red. Shows olycliroism. White. £ 0 2 . 2 £ &>“2 j=> & * 3 d d i 3 d & © © © .P .a as as 2 3 2 2 3 oa £ £ £ £ £ £ £ * In' j*. ►> a* . CQ Tl O 0 a.S lo © > >a a 0*2 © § 0 . >> . •c *5 > ►. -° 2 S 3 0 oc „ © Hi c« j» Ph 2 ^ O © £ g II c3 S >•' oM © ^3 .£3 «Q itreoui dull. « c a, g © -2 a *- . x a reous, it or p the cl age. ull ear 1= ! £ £ > k»- « £ 5 ts Q > # | Hard ness, 0 0 a P © t- V a 0 £ © « P s 0 ■_ O 0 MS I* to '© ■g a © to *0 © a & © © • © 0 2 • d $p O # '*"* © So ©p-i . •*■* ro 'a 5 1.0 a* *T© 0 3|| 5 a © 2 *"P 5 0 . ^ 0 5 oj ©,3 . ^ ^ s O) Q il c3 22 ia-g © 'O ;2j3 © __ © oj -a M -O C3 3 0 ’3 3 © 0 g ej t S Hj £ 53 c 2 a5 ® o'© 0 2<3 60 p 0 3 © *33 . s a a o *CPm Ser •§■§8 E % O SCO g.2°o P3 t. «» Cube. •2 c® s g« 3 ©*-• W.P "O 1 exagor Prism. ia 0 S ? M-cS 3 c-sa ^ S^a 0 0 Si cs3P* es 0 0 W « M P4 © Same of th Species. cT u "0 3 (h of a g Q< c © q a a . . s in FI Cl. P nr .2 ’8 •£ © C .gq © o £ > ai *g P. If © ? CO « 3 j3 3 OQ P 3 02 S02W -a«H *3 © £ P 3 CO P HH 3 P 3 CQ ®q‘ : ^ q „ .S IS 00 Solubli warm 1 Colors and Physical Properties. White, gray ■ or red. White or brown. White, red or brown. Blue. White, yellow, green, gray, brown, black. Green. Dichroic. Gray, malle- able. Ductile, Magnetic. Black. Magnetic. Black. 3 © © © 12 © 2 © © m M © 3 1 © £ •2 a E© > rs O 02 £ £ & £ O M c © 5 Si* CO P O © gi* % u CO c3 P y 3 0 ©* .2 GO P3 2 S3 ft* §| © gl © *5 3 Hi i p, fc> £ -2 °* £ k \< o3 £ « u i 0 t> >* £ i 3 !a Hard- ness. 3.5 to 4 ® o^: « O* ® O M CD c GO CO » 0 °° CO o 00 ®o 1 K3 0 » '*■> cm H H CO rji -h> 0 iO ^ «o 02 0 © *3 d r c3 © i 3 2 n nr 0 C 12 a 3 a q 3 © 2 Ph nchoid flat. 1 ® •*3 a a s 0 ^ > © a P ’© rP © P © © © p fc> nchoid unevei 3 C3 W ubeonc idal. 3 rP © P O o o O © a m Q © <3> © © © . © © © © to rP o 5 g © 2 q 0 . rP © A 5 <3 ^ a © :r . 5 d ©2 6 d © ? rP A ©2 © -4-5 +* a ^ >o ’*■* 'p > — « CO »— © , — , V? 13 .2 3 £3 Is © © »P -P & c3 © 5 JP r© c3 l S ;©.© rt 3 ^ PS p p g Is 'rt p © (S (2 £ c 2 w nr — : © © © o'© a © 03 § 2 2 ^ •S'Sv p 0 Primitiv Form. c 0 ® I sr r’og *© © © ||| § i£ Oq jg p 12 0 c 13 b a t. Ehom Prism 0 126°25' s 2 So- Cube. Cube. u © rP g 3 0 P3 © M CQ S Ph « O © 0 ' Name of tl Species. of ’3 3 3 Kalinite, Cryolite, Turquois, W avellite, Chryso- beryl, Iron, Magnetite .*9 3 n cS u frl DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 13 s’ §Jp M l S8F ^ i © tD c3 c3 o3 CO © cS CO a . e5 n a . CO I CO U a o « m 0) o 2 eS .G o © In E.F1 bli becomes m netic. In E.Fl.Bli becomes m netic. In E.F1. B1 becomes m netic. 5 4 ^ © no © d * c3 © 'C o § “ :oo-J S and fori itic globule o o o •° © 'C ■£ a © «3 a M 3> o 53 o o 5 St3 § O 60 © g > 3 5tt a O bD sa 5 M a /3 QQ G U a H la o to ’C ° rownish ow or ocl yellow, Yellowis brown. ark gray black. Brownis black. Grayish ( brownis black. White. Yellow 3 & jf _G 25 .S P5~ Q 3 '© C * fl m © *3 © S-© . a ^ .2 §£? co 3 >* ® § o < o 0 vA «•§ s a si © = =2 3 o s J§1 PI’S Silky, su tallic a earth; Is 5 .21 11 S *> 'S a o ? c3 o Ph © S2 0) Hard- ness. 5 to 6.5 o o» ■** »Q wo 10 . +n lO 50 O *°. CO co o ^ o «o (M 1.5 1.5 to 2 «s 5* © > W o w O ^ O — u O xo • o 00 . 00 ^4 T — 1 SO e.g rji \a CO ^ -cJ4 +» -4*1 ^4 tJ4 T*4 rH (M* CO (5 • d , <0 H d o -d a> s| o 3 u Si (4 o . to ^ §£ o .£3 © . ©I *3 d ii C3 © © 'rt 2 o rfl C3 > © g O t-» © » ft C* o' 73 r® a a o c5 a O e 5 P 8 i2 ^ H=> 3 m o o P a o O H P © 9 • © a> cS o> 3 X — S g ~ « o o 5 !*i r D« 8 3£1 'S 2 S| CO c3 c3 g cu «- © ® a.,® x> a m S3 « c3 O p< c2 CO d § a Sffl Cube. Ehom i-ism o 106°2' nclinec hombi rism o 52°21' ?xagon Prism. © ,o C C cT 4d of cT cT 6 o O '3 o a 3 o •a H Q? Pyrite, ‘1 o u c3 Melant rite, 'P4 a *& o O ‘a .a *£ P 14 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 15 16 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 17 18 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. t © 1 © 2 "o a <2 09 © © U <2 CO © .2 <2 CO © © CO © 09 <2 id fuses he reac* 1 ., & Pb. CO 'd 0 co OQ N ©^ C3 ■e .2 © c3 § c3 © •2 a So a cl 6 Re Ti. Wh jO "3 3 *3 63 :ai 8 Id CO © 0 0 © a, £ © s \m qq fej C5 © CO 5 Infusible. Infusible. Infusible. s Ph © Pm *4 © to © 5 Decrepitat easily. Gi tions for S.l "S *& © © © ft © *o 5§ ® co © a> V< © . a .s'.-! jg © © " 1 ' ; ti i 'c:-^ iction Acids ® g o. . D ci'D r© © 3 CO a r© a o QQ .© 3 © CO fl 3 a 3 a © .s ,o ^ .5 a S W S 3 3 CO a ^ -S ? ,2 S 3 ® S' g tc Ph a .2 . • H,' 3 o-*^s HH Pi 5S olors and Physical roperties. ;eel gray, on black, isb, or yel- lowish. ellowish, wn, or red, black. own, blue, yellow. Brown, *llow, red, black. £ cb *© c3 © •d © Ph £ ■a © teel gray, ;ad gray, on black. iite, tinged tli yellow, ue, green. ead gray, lisli or red- dish. O Ph (fiia X3 r< g i3 cq >» Hi a2L5.i; £>3 H ■“ (3 Ef co CO © .© 6 D £ ^© £ . 2 bI) fig*S © a C5 • 5 © © © .o © 73 © '3 >> © tt-.S 'c .2 ^ bfc 2 ^3 ^3 © « 02 PQ © 73 Ph ■o O o O 3 OQ to © 2 o Vco M Stee lead iron 3 Q eW © G -a 05 cJ s5 © u © d *3 © c © »ri • IS ■sj © © © .2 s || © ^ © “3j g: a 73 1 0 cS a 1 p S a © s II S 3 1 a s s M «3 »o 2 CO s "C ■> co © to H .o N . °°. o ^H CO J> O®. CO ^ o°® O. t. ** •<* rjn +» CO CO 31 iO O «o QO ® o i £3 # « n © 1 © d © © © ® |1 3 ■s . d © © £ 3 © i> n 3 a 'O © *o ^ 3 3 ‘0 u 0 3 a CS fl 0-0 3 © © © u •a a © c3 £ P r© O s ■s P W w -0 © a 0 O 03 ^r5 © O 0 © © © © r© •3 o -C £ © 5*1 -• 5 © Cleavage. arallel to 1 Prism. arallel to 1 Octahedro and base. arallel to 1 Prism. arallel to 1 faces of tt Cube. arallel to 1 Macro am Brachy Pinacoids arnllel to 1 Prism am base. arallel to 1 faces of tl: Cube. CL, &■ Ch CU Pm Cl, Ph © © © .2 .0 0 © ci . c3 cJ r© G IS 4- rimitiv Form. ht Squi Prism ? 03 v> •f? £ &a OQ OT 2 °b O go 2 .2 o H ^ Oi Cube. © "3 © Cube. 2 w b J 2 ^ S|S £ ~ 00 iig P3 u® Cube. Pli 6b 60 ti. 4 * Ph 3 3 3 Ph Ph H a> oT Name of the Species. Stannite, Rutile, Octahedrit Brookite, Lead, Minium, Galenite, Bournoniti oT Qi To Clausthal- ite, DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 19 20 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. Hd *6 P 2 m CO 0 M © © N •E3 N |P © i £ 3 « © i2 tn © N *§ © 3 o [S O O > 0 > Q eS o t? *P p> *p 'P £ I? a, "S. *55 3 © P c5 CQ § w S CQ nd 0 as 'P p oS .2 ^ © o w CO CO © CO CO CQ © 3 3 Ph Ph Ph m d CQ P *co p Ph Ph Ph Action of Acids. | Soluble and deposits S. With ii, As is deposited. Slightly sol- uble in hot water. Partly sol- uble in aqua regia. Soluble in aqua regia. Soluble in aqua regia. Soluble in HC1. Soluble in aqua regia. Soluble. Colors and Physical Properties. Steel gray. Tin white, tarnishes to gray. White, or yellowish. Red and orange yellow. Yellow. Tin white. Grayish white. White, red or! brown. Lead gray and blackish. Sometimes iridescent. i gray. 2 3 © £ o d © 4 $ to if 3d © £ |q ao © o £ £ M h a £ ► 1 03 EH 1 © u 0 tZ >o .2 1 oi d 0 0 .s t; .2 s p h1 3 © © a .a d GQ © j? is -3 > P “3 M S.2 a, co £ 2 a !s j .3 "So M 11 1 rd ◄ r cS © a *P 30 'O rS © »b CO lO 1.5 to 2 CO to 3.5 2 to 10 CQ 2.5 to 3 5Q ’© « o os CO o tH « 0 co 10 * 0 . O °. 2.S oo ib CO CO CO CO O H (Q JO 10 »b ^ ^ 03(5 3 , © d © >: 3 s "c3 p "3 -d "o Hd P © 2 Ph V > 3 a C ST" . pS ^ © ^ © ■** a3 . -d © *7d c3 % § — • n © r3 % 3 2 3 *© ^3 'S *g "3 S*’3 © O Cw u P U O g g 7; 33 11 — — w 1 2 £ 3 CL, £ (2« c5 © .2 • rimitive Form. o'? •® OX, £ 9? .a’doO io. S lo- 513 Cube. •o-2's 1 ^d — o> eu »- o S xn U d bp '3 4^ s § ’E, > 0 a » 0 IS 3 *13 a 03 of ’3 & 03 « *H 03 Si 0 ■fiS H <1 Ph O OQ CO DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. 21 22 DETERMINATIVE MINERALOGY. Blowpipe Characters. lackens, fuses, and gives a magnetic globule. ises to a magnetic glo- ile. Gives reactions for Cu. acrepi fates, gives off s. and Sb. and becomes magnetic. ives off As. and Sb. and fuses to a malleable globule. >ses water, fuses, and ves a malleable globule. ises and gives a globule of copper. >lors the flame intense bluish-green. Gives off Cl. isible to a partly mal- leable globule. ves fumes of As. and fuses. 05 OH O O '5b Eh O Eh 5 O . © © 3 3 © cS © © Action Acids “ a >. — IS m Oh 3 2 2 GO 3 0 *© GTJ Partly i uble. Soluble water Solubl 2 3 2 m 3 © © OQ 1 o GO Colors and Physical Properties. Copper red & pinchbeck brown. Easily tarnishes. Brass yellow. Lead gray to iron black. Steel gray to iron black. Sky blue. Emerald or blackish green. Bright or dark green. Olive or black- ish green. Light to dark green. Streak. Pale grayish, black and shining. Greenish, black or shining. Dark, reddish, gray. Same as color. Colorless. Paler than color. Apple green. Olive green. Olive green or brown. £ | g © .2 3 © 50 0 © si 3 8 cri 0 © 2 ®> .5 3 | 8 <*5 0 Hi © a © a 1 © S © a | > u £ u 2 H .2 © M i * "5 H CO -H ^ CO -HI CO Th +* ^ CQcS o H o .A 3 • d © © £ ® -c § a "3 2 *3 | 2 15 ”3 1! © cS (4 1| 3 3 I ® 13 > § 3 Jo © a 'c 33 o 3 o 1 3 o Is © © — i 3= a O o GQ cS O O OD « O c> © rJj © ci -yj © g 3 • © 01 . 33 2 O) . 33 ® © r© Cleavage. Parallel to t Octahedroi • Difficult par lei to the ba Difficult parallel to tl Rhombic Dodecahedi Traces paral to the Octf hedron. Parallel to t Prism. © 1 s 2 2 § £2 - a o o a § Imperfect Parallel to t Prism. © o © © © S d Q © 2 is Primitiv Form. Cube. &a aQ.2 3= Oh SO rO C3 © © ra cj © Doubly iuclinet homboit Prism. a = © o m|o Oh ' -l a ®o o a «•» S|5s ^ Oh 1-1 t. Ehom Prism o 92°20' 6 c o C ©CO ,£3 w *u ©i M o H 05 Oh Oh 05 Same of the Species. of '3 Hi O halcopy- rite, af fl c3 P3 G QJ etralied- rite, halcan- thite, rochantite cf i o H-> af +j ‘3 a> A PQ O H H O CO