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 An Historic Tour 
 
 A PILGRIMAGE 
 
 to tke Birtkplace of 
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An Historic T our 
 
 A PILGRIMAGE 
 
 to the Birthplace of 
 American Liberty, 
 and the homes of our 
 foremost Au th ors 
 
 Published Exclusively For 
 
 BUSCH’S AUTO TOURS 
 
 THE WORCESTER PRESS 
 PRINTERS 
 
 OLD SOUTH BUILDING, BOSTON 
 
COPYRIGHT 1909 
 J. J. BUSCH 
 
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 O UR tour begins at Park Square, the starting point of the 
 British Troops on the 19th of April, 1775, when they 
 made their famous expedition to Lexington and Concord. 
 
 Here may be seen the Emancipation Group—represent¬ 
 ing Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves. This statue is a 
 copy of the one in Lincoln Square, Washington, D. C., and was 
 presented to the city of Boston in 1879 by the Hon. Moses 
 Kimball. 
 
 Ahead, is Boston Common, the oldest public park in 
 America, covering an area of forty eight acres. It was the 
 camping ground of the British Troops for six years preceding 
 the Evacuation of Boston. 
 
 The Public Gardens are under perfect cultivation and hor¬ 
 ticultural development and contain a large and valuable col¬ 
 lection of plants, also several beautiful statues including a 
 bronze equestrian statue of Gen. Washington; the largest in 
 the United States. Also a statue commemorating the dis¬ 
 covery of ether. 
 
 Opposite the Public Gardens is the Arlington Street Uni¬ 
 tarian Church, noted throughout New England for its chimes 
 and choir. It was presided over for many years by William 
 E. Channing, the celebrated Unitarian divine, a statue of 
 whom may be seen opposite in the Public Gardens. 
 
 On the corner of Berkeley and Boylston Streets is the 
 Berkeley Building designed by a student of Tech. The build¬ 
 ing of the Boston Society of Natural History on the opposite 
 corner contains a mounted specimen of almost every known 
 animal and bird and a library of five thousand volumes. The 
 two adjoining buildings are those of the Massachusetts Insti¬ 
 tute of Technology, recognized as the finest technical school 
 
 3 
 
in the United States. The first building is the Rogers Build¬ 
 ing, named after the founder of the Institute. The next, 
 the Walker Building, was named for a former president of 
 the Institute. 
 
 RECTORY TRINITY CHURCH, COPLEY SQ., BOSTON 
 
 We next enter Copley Square, named for the famous 
 artist, John Singleton Copley. To the left is Trinity Church 
 and Rectory, designed by Henry H. Richardson, and was 
 presided over for twenty consecutive years by the beloved 
 Philips Brooks. 
 
 Just beyond the church is the Hotel Westminster, having 
 the only roof cafe in New England. The ivy covered church 
 is the Second Church of Boston, numbering among its pastors 
 Increase Mather, Cotton Mather and Ralph Waldo Emerson. 
 
 4 
 
The granite building is the Boston Public Library designed by 
 Stanford White. It is the second largest circulating library 
 in the United States and in addition to its magnificent collec¬ 
 tion of books it contains many noted paintings by famous 
 
 BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY 
 
 masters, including the Holy Grail by Abbey, and some of 
 Sargent’s work.’ To the right is the New Old South Church; 
 built in 1875 to take the place of the Old South Meeting 
 House. This building is modelled after the Mosque of Omar 
 and has the highest tower in the city, standing two hun¬ 
 dred and forty eight feet high. 
 
 The Boston University College of Liberal Arts on the left 
 was formerly the Harvard Medical School Building. 
 
 5 
 
Looking to the left, across the New York Central train 
 yards can be seen Mechanic’s Pavilion the home of the Massa¬ 
 chusetts Charitable Mechanic Association of which Paul 
 Revere was the first President. Its two Exhibition Halls,— 
 Paul Revere and Talbot—cover an area of four and one half 
 acres. It is here all the large conventions and fairs are held. 
 
 CHRISTIAN SCIENCE TEMPLE. “THE MOTHER CHURCH.” 
 
 Looking still further beyond the yards we see the large, gran¬ 
 ite dome of the new Christian Science Temple founded by Mrs. 
 Mary Baker Eddy. It was built at a cost of $2,000,000. The 
 top of the dome stands three feet higher than Bunker Hill 
 Monument, being 224 ft. above the sidewalk. This church 
 has a full set of Chinese chimes. The small church with the 
 square tower is the mother church of Christian Science. 
 
 6 
 
The brick building with the granite trimmings on the 
 right is the home of the Boston Tennis Club and contains the 
 finest indoor tennis courts in the world. 
 
 Ahead may be obtained a glimpse of the Back Bay Fens 
 extending for a distance of 30 miles in and (out) about the city. 
 In the Fens are located Mrs. Jack Gardner’s famous Venetian 
 Palace; Simmons College for Young Ladies; the new Boston 
 Museum of Fine Arts; the new Harvard Medical Schools and 
 other public and private buildings. 
 
 We now turn into Massachusetts Avenue extending from 
 the water front in Dorchester to Concord, a distance of 26 miles. 
 We next cross Commonwealth Avenue, the finest street in New 
 England. It is 228 feet wide from curb to curb. In the cen¬ 
 tre of the street on the left is a statue of Leif Ericson, some¬ 
 times called Eric the Red, who was supposed to have landed 
 on these shores in the year 1,000. The statue was designed 
 by Miss Anne Whitney. 
 
 The building with the red tile roof seen just beyond is the 
 Hotel Somerset. This is the Back Bay section of Boston and 
 is for the most part all made land. We are now approaching 
 the Harvard Bridge which spans the Charles River, connect¬ 
 ing Boston with Cambridge. The river at this point is almost 
 half a mile wide. It is here the Harvard crews practice and 
 hold some of their races. In the distance on the left is Corey 
 Hill, the beauty spot of Brookline, the richest town of its size 
 in the United States. 
 
 The bridge seen to the right with the four granite towers 
 is the New West Boston Bridge built jointly by the cities of 
 Boston and Cambridge at a cost of $4,000,000. In the dis¬ 
 tance the tall granite shaft is Bunker Hill Monument. The 
 corner stone was laid in 1825 by Gen. Lafayette. It was 
 completed 18 years later, the oration being delivered by Daniel 
 Webster. In the monument are 6,700 tons of Quincy Granite 
 
 7 
 
built at a cost of $170,000. The top is reached by 294 steps 
 and is 221 ft. high. On the Cambridge side of the river is the 
 Shoe & Leather Exposition Building. On the left is River- 
 bank Court, the largest apartment hotel in New England, 
 containing seven hundred rooms and one thousand windows. 
 
 THE NEW $4,000,000 WEST BOSTON BRIDGE, (RESERVATION IN THE 
 CENTRE FOR CAMBRIDGE SUBWAY TRAINS) 
 
 We now enter Cambridge, a city by itself with a population 
 of over 90,000. It is said to be the largest city in the world 
 without a hotel or theatre. 
 
 In a few moments we shall reach the grounds and build¬ 
 ings of Harvard University. Harvard was founded in 1636 
 by a party of graduates from Cambridge University in Eng¬ 
 land. Among the number was John Harvard for whom the 
 college was named. He died one year later, in 1637, leaving 
 
 8 
 
to the infant university his entire library of 360 volumes and 
 half his fortune. The college today has an enrollment of 
 5,000 students and a working capital of $10,000,000. It 
 consists of 17 distinct departments, exclusive of laboratory, 
 dormitories and museums. Its three museums are the finest 
 in the country. 
 
 The Agassiz Museum contains the only collection of glass 
 models of flowers in existence. They were made by Prof. 
 Breckenthau in the northern part of Germany. 
 
 At the junction of Harvard and Quincy Sts. is Harvard 
 Union, the largest social organization of the college. Here 
 the two college papers, the Crimson and the Lampoon are 
 published. The first gate on the right is the Roosevelt gate 
 given by the class of 1880 of which the ex-president was a 
 member. 
 
 The granite building in the background is Gore Hall the 
 University Library, the third largest in the United States, 
 being only exceeded in number of volumes by the Congres¬ 
 sional and Boston Public Libraries. 
 
 The next granite building is Boylston Hall, the chemical 
 Laboratory. The old yellow wooden building on the right 
 is the Wadsworth House. It was the headquarters of Gen. 
 Washington during his encampment in Cambridge, and the 
 house in which all Harvard presidents lived from the time of 
 Wadsworth to Everett, and is now used as a dormitory by 
 the students. The tablet on the sidewalk on the right, marks 
 the site of the fourth meeting house in Cambridge, in which 
 Washington worshipped in 1775, and where Lafayette was 
 welcomed in 1824. 
 
 The building on the corner is Dane Hall, the old law 
 school. We are now in Harvard Sq., the financial centre of 
 Cambridge. Mathews Hall to the right is the largest dor¬ 
 mitory within the enclosure. The gate ahead on the right 
 
 9 
 
is Harvard gate the main entrance to the university. On 
 this side of the gate is Massachusetts Hall, on the other side 
 is Harvard Hall. Harvard and Massachusetts are the two 
 oldest halls within the inclosure. They were used as bar¬ 
 racks by Washington’s troops. 
 
 MEMORIAL HALL AND SAUNDERS’ THEATRE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY 
 
 CAMBRIDGE 
 
 The ivy-covered building in the foreground is Holden 
 Chapel, in which the first religious exercises were held. On 
 the right hand corner is the Philips Brooks House, in which 
 each religious denomination has the use of one room. 
 
 The building surmounted by the clock is Memorial Hall, 
 Harvard’s most prominent building, erected to the memory 
 of the students who lost their lives in the Civil War. It con¬ 
 tains a banquet Hall in which 1,400 students eat their meals 
 
 10 
 
daily; also the Saunders Theatre, in which the commence¬ 
 ment exercises are held. There may be seen the finest 
 stained glass window in the world, designed by Sarah 
 Whitman of Philadelphia. On the corner is the Hemenway 
 Gymnasium. The red granite building is Austin Hall, the 
 new law school. 
 
 On the lawn will be seen two tablets. The one nearer 
 the auto marks the spot where Gen. Putnam, took 
 command of 1,500 men and after prayer by Pres. Lang- 
 dell, marched on Bunker Hill. The further one marks the 
 birthplace of Oliver Wendell Holmes. The next to the 
 right is Hastings Hall, another dormitory. 
 
 The cannon about the soldiers monument on the common 
 were captured at Fort Ticonderoga by Col. Ethan Allen, and 
 were used in the evacuation of Boston by Gen. Washington. 
 
 The Charles Sumner statue is seen on the lawn to the left. 
 Still to the left is the old Newtowne burial ground. There 
 are the graves of several Harvard presidents. 
 
 Adjoining the cemetery is the old Christ Church, the oldest 
 in Cambridge, built 1760 and occupied by the Continental 
 troops in 1775. The organ pipes of this church were melted 
 into bullets and used by the Continental troops. Beyond the 
 Church are the buildings of Radcliffe College, for the higher 
 education of women. 
 
 In the centre of the street (within the enclosure) is the 
 Washington Elm, under which Washington first took com¬ 
 mand of the American Army, July 3, 1775. 
 
 The statue on the common to the right is that of John 
 Bridge, the first settler in Cambridge and supervisor of the 
 first public school. 
 
 Reaching Porter Square the long yellow frame building 
 behind the low brick building is the old Porter Tavern, stand¬ 
 ing at the time of the Revolution, and used as the headquar- 
 
 11 ' ? 
 
 U 0F ILL LIS. 
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ters of Washington’s officers. We will in a moment pass a 
 tablet against the fence on the left marking the spot where 
 four American citizens were killed by the retreating British, 
 April 19, 1775. Crossing the little brook we pass into the 
 town of Arlington which in olden times was known as Menot- 
 omy. This town contributed largely in men and money 
 towards the cause of the Revolution. It has a population 
 of about 12,000, and is famous for its market gardens. 
 On reaching the little church on the right by looking slightly 
 to the rear on the hill may be seen Tufts College. The next 
 tablet passed on the right marks the site of the Old Black 
 Horse Tavern, where the Committee of Safety met in 1775. 
 
 We next enter Arlington Centre. The granite monument 
 on the right is in memory of the men of Arlington who lost 
 their lives in the Civil War. The old yellow building on the 
 right is the old Cooper Tavern. Here Jabez Wyman and 
 Jason Winship were killed by British soldiers April 19, 1775. 
 The road next to the tavern is the original one over which 
 Paul Revere returned to the county road after having passed 
 through Charlestown, Somerville and Medford. From here 
 we follow the exact route taken by Paul Revere. 
 
 The church ahead on the left is the third church of the 
 first parish of Arlington, organized in 1733; the tablet in front 
 of the church marks the spot where the old men of Menotomy 
 captured a convoy of 18 British soldiers with supplies intend¬ 
 ed for the British at Lexington. 
 
 The sandstone building is the Robbins Library. Next 
 is the Arlington high school. The tablet on the sidewalk 
 to the left marks the site of the house of Jason Russell where 
 he and the eleven other Americans were captured, disarmed 
 and killed by the retreating British, April 19, 1775. 
 
 The old-fashioned building ahead on the right with the 
 odd-shaped blinds was the second church of Arlington. The 
 
 12 
 
next point of interest is known as the “Foot of the Rocks/ 7 
 the tablet on the boulder is in memory of Edward Wellington, 
 a commissioned officer in the War of 1812. 
 
 We next reach Arlington Heights. We will in a moment 
 cross the boundary line of Arlington and Lexington. 
 
 FOOT OF THE ROCKS 
 
 Lexington was settled in 1693 and was formerly a parish 
 of Cambridge known as the Cambridge Farms, incorporated 
 in 1713, and has today a population of less than 6,000. The 
 yellow frame building is known as the Lexington Inn. The 
 next point of interest is a small tablet in the square to the left, 
 marking the spot where Benj. Wellington, a Lexington Min- 
 
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TH E HOME OF JONATHAN HARRINGTON, LEXINGTON, MASS., 
 LAST SURVIVOR OF LEXINGTON BATTLE 
 
 ute Man was captured and disarmed by the British soldiers 
 early in the morning of April 19, 1775. The frame building 
 with the columns on the right is the Emerson Hall. Here 
 Ralph Waldo Emerson and Dr. Follen preached, before the 
 construction of the little church beyond, which is the Follen 
 Unitarian Church. 
 
 On the lawn ahead on the right, is a white house with a 
 tablet; this was the home of]Jonathan Harrington, the last sur¬ 
 vivor of the Battle of Lexington, born here in 1758 and died 
 here in 1854 at the age of 96. He was the youngest of the 
 patriots at Lafayette’s reception in 1824. The large Elm tree 
 ahead on the right was planted by the father of the last sur¬ 
 vivor of the Battle of Lexington, in 1732. 
 
 14 
 
The next point of interest is an old-fashioned house orl 
 the left known as the Monroe Tavern, built in 1695, used as 
 headquarters and hospital by Earl Percy on April 19, 1775. 
 Washington was entertained here Nov. 15th, 1789, on his last 
 New England tour. The small tablet under the tree on the 
 left marks the spot where Earl Percy burned several build¬ 
 ings; on the hill to the south he had planted one of his field 
 pieces commanding the approaches to the village. Earl 
 Percy was sent out from Boston by Gen. Gage with re¬ 
 inforcements, numbering about 1,000, to cover the retreat of 
 Major Pitcairn, from Concord Bridge. He met the retreat- 
 
 MONROE TAVERN, LEXINGTON, MASS., BUILT 1695. 
 
 15 
 
ing British on these hills known as the hills of East Lex¬ 
 ington, and here the British made their first successful stand 
 of the day. It has been admitted by the British that if they 
 had not been re-inforced here, none of them would have 
 reached Boston alive; as it was, the British loss during the 
 
 STONE CANNON, LEXINGTON, MASS. 
 
 day was 65 killed, 176 wounded and 27 missing; while the 
 American loss was 49 killed, 36 wounded and 5 missing. 
 
 The stone cannon on the lawn of the Lexington High 
 School to the right marks the location of the other of Earl 
 Percy’s field pieces. Several shots were fired from this can¬ 
 non, one of them penetrating the meeting house on Lexing- 
 
 16 
 
ton Green. The large frame building with the large veranda 
 some distance ahead on the right was the Massachusetts build¬ 
 ing at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. 
 The building was torn down, brought here in sections and is 
 now used as a Keeley Institute. Just beyond is the Town 
 Hall of Lexington, where Henry Sandham’s famous painting 
 of the battle entitled “The Dawn of Liberty” is on exhibition. 
 
 We are now approaching the Village Green where the 
 battle of Lexington took place. On reaching the Green the 
 British soldiers found the Americans arranged in line of battle. 
 The Minute Men numbered about 40 while the British headed 
 by Major Pitcairn numbered almost 800. Major Pitcairn 
 dashing into the centre of the Minute Men exclaimed “Dis¬ 
 perse, ye damn Yankee Dogs” and fired his pistol into the face 
 of one of the Minute Men killing him on the spot. With that 
 there was a general firing from along the line of the British 
 on the road and 7 Americans were killed. The British then 
 hastened on to Concord. On approaching nearer the Green 
 can be seen the large bronze statue of Capt. John Parker, who 
 commanded the Lexington Minute Men. The statue was 
 designed by H. H. Kitson of Boston and unveiled on April 
 19, 1900. It surmounts a drinking fountain and was pre¬ 
 sented to the town by Francis Brown Hayes. 
 
 Pulpit Rock in the rear of the statue marks the site of the 
 first three meeting houses in Lexington. 
 
 Paul Revere on the night of his famous ride took the first 
 road ahead on the right, Hancock St., to the Hancock-Clarke 
 House where Samuel Adams and John Hancock were sleep¬ 
 ing that night. A price had been set on the heads of these 
 “Arch-rebels” who in fear of being seized by Gen. Gage, if 
 they returned to Boston, were secretly stopping at the par- 
 
 17 
 
sonage of the Lexington minister, Jonas Clarke, after the 
 adjourning of the second Provincial Congress in Concord- 
 After arousing Adams and Hancock he returned to the Village 
 Green and rang the bell which hung in Belfry Tower where 
 
 CAPTAIN PARKER STATUE 
 
 the flag pole now stands. He was then joined by William 
 Dawes of Boston and Dr. Samuel Prescott of Concord and 
 made his way over the old county road toward Concord. The 
 Minute Men assembled soon after the alarm was rung, but 
 
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the British not being in sight, were disbanded and they 
 adjourned to the old Buchanan Tavern, the old building 
 seen among the trees on the right, and there they spent 
 the remainder of the night. They were re-assembled on 
 the Green at six o’clock on the morning of the 19th and 
 took up their line of battle from the large boulder on the 
 Green to the mound and monument. This boulder marks 
 “the line of the Minute Men.” On it is the famous command 
 of Capt. Parker, “Stand your ground. Don’t fire unless fired 
 upon, but if they mean to have a war let it begin here.” 
 
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 STAND YOUR GROUND 
 : DONT FIRE UNLESS FIRED UPON 
 BUT IF THEY MEAN TO HAVE A WAR 
 
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 LINE OF THE MINUTE MEN 
 
 The ivy covered monument on the Green was erected in 
 memory of the seven men killed on Lexington Green and is 
 probably the oldest memorial to the Revolution in the coun¬ 
 try. The inscription on the monument was written by the 
 Rev. Jonas Clarke, who was pastor of Lexington at the time 
 of the battle and reads as follows: 
 
 19 
 
Sacred to Liberty & the Rights of mankind 
 The Freedom & Independence of America 
 Sealed & defended with the blood of her sons 
 
 This Monument is erected 
 By the inhabitants of Lexington, 
 
 Under the patronage & at the expense of 
 The Commonwealth of Massachusetts 
 To the memory of their Fellow Citizens 
 Ensign Robert Munroe, Messrs . Jonas Parker , Caleb Harrington 
 Samuel Hadley , Jonathan Harrington and John Brown 
 Of Lexington & Asahel Porter of Woburn 
 Who fell on this field, the first Victims to the 
 Sword of British Tyranny & Oppression 
 On the morning of the ever memorable 
 Nineteenth of April An Dom 1775 
 The Die was cast 
 The Blood of these Martyrs 
 In the cause of God & their Country 
 Was the Cement of the Union of these States, then 
 Colonies, & gave the spring to the spirit, Firmness 
 And resolution of their Fellow Citizens 
 They rose as one man to revenge their brethren’s 
 Blood, & at the point of the sword, to assert & 
 
 Defend their native Rights 
 They nobly dar’d to be free ! ! 
 
 The contest was long, bloody & affecting 
 Righteous Heaven approved the solemn appeal; 
 Victory crowned their arms; and 
 The Peace, Liberty & Independence of the United 
 States of America, was their glorious Reward. 
 
 Built in the year 1799 
 
 20 
 
The yellow building between Hancock and Bedford Sts., 
 is known as Historic Hall, was built in 1828 as the Lexington 
 Academy; here on July 4, 1839, was opened the first normal 
 school in America with three pupils. Opposite the head of 
 the Green on our right we pass “the house of Jonathan Har¬ 
 rington, who, wounded on the common by the British, 
 dragged himself to the door and died at his wife’s feet.” 
 
 The meeting house on our right is the fourth church of the 
 first parish of Lexington. The top step of this church is on 
 an equal level above the sea with the top of Bunker Hill Monu¬ 
 ment. 
 
 We now return to the road which Paul Revere and the 
 British Troops took on the way from Lexington to Concord. 
 This is Massachusetts Avenue, the old county road. The 
 next point of interest is Rally Bluff. Here on their retreat 
 from Concord Bridge the British officers endeavored to rally 
 their men, but after a sharp fight they were driven from the 
 hill in great confusion by the Americans and retreated 
 to Fiske Hill beyond. The road now leads us through North 
 Lincoln. The large tablet in the stone wall on the right marks 
 the cow pasture where Paul Revere was captured by the 
 British scouts. Dr. Samuel Prescott who accompanied him 
 on his ride mounted a stone wall, escaped the British scouts 
 and by a path known to himself reached Concord and warned 
 the Minute Men of that town. Paul Revere was carried to 
 Lexington by the patrol but no papers being found on his 
 person to convict him he was released. 
 
 We are now within the town limits of Concord. Concord 
 was settled in 1635, 5 years after Boston and is the oldest 
 English town in America settled above tide water. The 
 turn in the road ahead on the right is known as Meriam’s 
 Corner, as the tablet on the corner reads: 
 
 “The British troops, retreating from the Old North Bridge 
 
 21 
 
were here attacked in flank by the men of Concord and neigh¬ 
 boring towns, and driven under a hot fire to Charlestown.” 
 
 The little white building on our right is the Grapevine 
 cottage, the home of E. W. Bull, the originator of the Con¬ 
 cord Grape. Beside the cottage, under the trellis may be 
 seen the first Concord Grapevine planted in 1853. 
 
 ORIGINAL VINE OF THE CONCORD GRAPE, 1853 
 
 The many-gabled house next on our right is “The Wayside” 
 where Hawthorne spent the last twelve years of his life. Here 
 he wrote “Tanglewood Tales,” “Septimus Felton” and the 
 “Marble Faun.” The “Wayside” is now owned by Mrs. 
 Lothrop, the widow of the Boston publisher Daniel Lothrop. 
 She, under the name of Margaret Sidney, wrote “The Five 
 Little Peppers and How They Grew.” 
 
 The tablet in the woods on our right marks Hawthorne’s 
 favorite path to the study which he had constructed in a 
 mammoth pine tree on the top of the ridge. The outer row 
 
 22 
 
23 
 
 THE WAYSIDE, HOME OF NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, CONCORD, MASS. 
 
of trees are English Larches and were imported by Hawthorne 
 from Liverpool when he was United States Consul to that 
 port. Next on the right is the “Orchard House” the home 
 of Louisa May Alcott. Here she wrote “Little Women.” 
 The large trees in front of the house she called her Sentinel 
 trees, beneath which she wrote many of her works. In the 
 rear, the small wooden building is the School of Philosophy, 
 established by Amos Bronson Alcott in 1879. 
 
 The next house was the home of Dr. Samuel Prescott who 
 accompanied Paul Revere on his famous ride and who gave 
 the alarm in Concord. Over the hill on the left among the 
 pines is Lake Walden on the shores of which Thoreau built 
 his hut and wrote his famous book “Walden.” The large 
 white house among the trees on our left was the home of 
 Ralph Waldo Emerson for forty seven years. Here he wrote 
 most of his works. The lower right hand corner room was 
 his library and study. This room is in the same condition in 
 which the author left it. He died in the upper left hand cor¬ 
 ner room in 1882. The house was the home of his daughter 
 Miss Ellen Emerson until she died in February 1909. It is 
 now owned by Dr. Edward Emerson and is occupied by 
 Concord school teachers. 
 
 The red building on our right is the home of the Concord 
 Antiquarian Society. One room is devoted exclusively to 
 Thoreau relics; here also is the sword of Col. James Barrett 
 who led the fight at the bridge. The meeting house on the 
 left is the second church of the first parish of Concord, built 
 in 1900 to replace the old building which was built in 1712 
 and burned to the ground April 12, 1900. In the old church 
 was held the First Provincial Congress of Delegates from the 
 towns of Massachusetts. This assembly was held on Oct. 11, 
 1774, with John Hancock as President. By its acts it paved 
 the way for the Revolution and organized the Militia com¬ 
 panies that were afterwards nicknamed Minute Men, from 
 
 24 
 
25 
 
 THE ORCHARD HOUSE, HOME OF LOUISA MAY ALCOTT, CONCORD, MASS. 
 
the wording of the clause which stated that they were to be 
 ready for war at a minute’s notice. 
 
 Adjoining the church, is the Old Wright Tavern built in 
 1747. It was the headquarters of the Minute Men long 
 before the war broke out; here the patriotic agitators held 
 forth nightly and over their tankards discussed the conflict 
 that was sure to come. On the 19th of April, 1775, it was 
 the headquarters of the British officers; here Major Pitcairn 
 made his famous boast while stirring his toddy, that he would 
 
 “stir the blood of the d-Yankees that day.” The old 
 
 Tavern some years ago was purchased by two public spirited 
 men, Reuben Rice and Judge Rockwood Hoar, who presented 
 it to the First Parish Church that it may be preserved and 
 always kept as a tavern. 
 
 This house is well worth a short visit for here in addition 
 to its historic relics, may be found a complete line of Concord 
 souvenirs, post cards, souvenir china, and on the walls of the 
 old dining room are hung these legends: 
 
 The legend tells that in this house 
 The silver of the church 
 Was hidden in a keg of soap 
 Away from British search, 
 
 Certain it is her ancient creed 
 So guarded sacred things, 
 
 That to her solemn verities 
 
 No “soft soap” ever clings. 
 
 One Brown once kept the Tavern Wright, 
 and a brave man was he, 
 
 For in the Boston Tea Party, he helped to 
 pour the tea. 
 
 This fact is chiselled on his stone, and 
 grave stones never lie, 
 
 But always speak the living truth just as 
 do you and I. 
 
 26 
 
27 
 
 THE OLD WRIGHT TAVERN, 1747 
 
The old Tavern has excellent accommodations for tran¬ 
 sient and permanent guests, is now heated by steam and 
 lighted by electricity and conducted on the European plan. 
 
 On the hill to the right opposite the tavern is the old hill 
 burying ground, the oldest cemetery in town, containing 
 the remains of the early settlers of Concord and many of the 
 patriots of the Revolution. The oldest headstone with a 
 date that is legible is 1677. Adjoining the cemetery is St. 
 Bernard’s church. We now enter Monument Sq., Concord. 
 The large granite monument was erected in memory of the 
 Concord men who lost their lives in Civil War. The large 
 elm tree in the square on the right is known as the Town Elm 
 under which the townspeople held their patriot meetings 
 during the Revolution. Here the Reverend William 
 Emerson addressed the Minute Men on the morning of 
 April 19, 1775, exhorting them to stand firm for their 
 liberty. On April 19, 1812, Dr. William Emerson, a son 
 of the former, addressed the Concord soldiers before their 
 departure for the second war with Great Britain. April 19, 
 1861 7 just forty-nine years later, Ralph Waldo Emerson 
 addressed the Concord soldiers under the tree before their 
 departure for the South, and again, April 19, 1898, on the 
 eve of the Spanish-American War, Dr. Edward Emerson 
 performed the same patriotic duty as his ancestors. 
 
 The large boulder on the end of the Green to the left was 
 erected in memory of three Concord young men who lost their 
 lives in the invasion of Porto Rico. 
 
 The tablet across the square on the left marks the site of 
 the first town hall which was burned by the British. 
 
 We are now on Monument St., over which the British 
 soldiers marched on their way to the North Bridge. The 
 large yellow house on the right is the Elisha Jones house, 
 better known as the house with the bullet hole. In the ell 
 part of the house may be seen a bullet hole made by a British 
 
 28 
 
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 29 
 
 CONCORD TOWN ELM 
 
soldier retreating from the North Bridge. Just above the 
 bullet hole is a block from the original North Bridge. The 
 house is now occupied by the Hon. John S. Keyes, the 
 oldest resident of Concord—he was present at Lafayette's 
 reception in Concord Town Hall in 1824. Almost opposite 
 the Jones House is the Old Manse, made famous by 
 Hawthorne's “Mosses from an old Manse." The house was 
 built in 1764 for the Rev. Wm. Emerson, the grandfather of 
 Ralph Waldo Emerson. Here Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote 
 his “Nature." Nathaniel Hawthorne lived here from 1842 to 
 1846. 
 
 THE OLD NORTH BRIDGE, CONCORD, MASS. 
 
 We now enter the battle ground of Concord, the most sacred 
 spot in America. “Here on the 19th of April, 1775, was made 
 the first forcible resistance to British aggression. On the 
 opposite bank stood the American Militia. Here stood the 
 invading army and on this spot the first of the enemy fell in 
 the war of that Revolution which gave Independence to these 
 United States. In gratitude to God and in the love of Free- 
 
 30 
 
THE MINUTE MAN, CONCORD, MASS, 
 
dom this monument was erected in 1836.” Just beside the 
 monument near the stone wall are the graves of the two 
 British soldiers killed by the first fire of the Minute Men. On 
 the opposite bank of the Concord river is the statue of the 
 Minute Man marking the position of the Americans. This 
 statue, considered one of the finest bronze statues in America, 
 was designed by Daniel C. French, and moulded from cannon 
 that were used in the war of 1812. It was unveiled on April 
 19, 1875, on the 100th anniversary of the Concord fight by 
 Gen. Grant, President of the United States, his cabinet and 
 the Governors of the six New England States. The oration 
 of the day was delivered by Geo. Wm. Curtis, an address was 
 made by Ralph Waldo Emerson and a poem read by James 
 Russell Lowell. The inscription on the base is one of the 
 stanzas of Emerson’s Concord Hymn and follows: 
 
 By the rude bridge that 
 arched the flood, 
 
 Their flag to April’s 
 
 breeze unfurled, 
 
 Here once the embattled 
 farmers stood, 
 
 And fired the shot heard 
 round the world. 
 
 “The Minute Man speaks not to Americans only, but he 
 speaks to the whole race of men in all times and all places. 
 He stands there as the universal embodiment of human 
 freedom. He represents the everlasting protest of mankind 
 against tyranny and oppression. If those mute lips and that 
 heroic attitude say anything, they say this, which, in feebler 
 and less articulate tones, men have been trying to say 
 throughout all the ages, that the individual life is God-given 
 and inviolate.” 
 
 32 
 
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