THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY NOTICE: Return or renew all Library Materialsl The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. The person charging this material is responsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for discipli- nary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN LI61— O-1096 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015 https://archive.org/details/monographoffamilOOmurr MONOGEAPH OF THE * FAMILY OF NITTDULARI F BY ANDREW MURRAY. [FEOM THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.] LONDON: PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. ? 1864. « • . ,. t> ^ ^ t 1(e) [ 211 ] XIII. Monograph of the Family 0/ Nitidulariae. By Andrew Mueray, Esq., F.L.S. Part I. (Plates XXXII.-XXXV.) * Read April 2nd, 1863. ^ Introduction. It is now some years since I agreed, at the request of Dr. Gray of the British Museum, to prepare a catalogue of the Mtidularics in the Museum, for the purpose of publication as one of the Museum Catalogues. It was not without hesitation that I undertook the task. The catalogues published by that establishment had been gradually assuming the character of monographs, embracing not only the actual contents of the Museum collection, with descriptions of the new species in it, but also of its desiderata. I therefore felt that, if I undertook the task of arranging and cataloguing the Nitidularice in the Museum, I was, in fact, undertaking to write a monograph of that family. And this I knew to be no easy task, "no journey of a sabbath day " — loaded especially as I was with numerous other occu- pations. It implied the microscopic dissection of the parts of many hundred specimens, and the making of careful drawings of these dissections — a work rendered doubly difficult and laborious by the minute size of the insects to be examined. I knew, too, that its results would bear no proportion to the labour bestowed upon it ; and what was perhaps more discouraging, I felt that after it was done there were few from whom I could expect an intelligent appreciation of my work. StiU the subject was not without its attractions. It was allied to one (the genus Catops) which I had already monographed. It possessed a special interest from its well- defined character, its affinities with other groups, and the variety of form and structure in its genera. Influenced by such considerations, I accepted Dr. Gray's invitation. I soon found, however, that the mere preparation for the work would take a long time. The collection of Nitidularim in the British Museum, although large, had great blanks which required to be fiUed up. The verification of the different types described by previous authors entailed a vast amount of correspondence and the necessity of personally visiting the great museums in the different capitals of Europe. The subsequent examination of the materials begged or borrowed from all quarters took up years. And when at last my work began to assume a shape fitted for the printer, other engagements entered into by the British Museum, which had precedence of mine, prevented its being then sent to press. On my part other duties by-and-by took up the whole of my time and made me look upon the delay, if not with satisfaction, at least without regret ; and it was only in the course of the present winter, when I began again to have a little leisure, that, 212 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARl^. looking- to the uncertainty of human life, I thought it would bo well if the information I had ac(!umulatod wore put lieyond the reach of casualties. binding from my friend Dr. Gray that it was still uncertain when the Museum might he a])le to publish my manuscript, I, with his approval, resolved to ofler to transfer it to this Society, as likely to bring it out more speedily, should it seem to the Council worthy of that honour. So much for the origin of this paper. The next point which I should wish to advert to is the materials I have had to work with. This is of some importance, as showing the degree of pains bestowed in perfecting it, and the probable proportion of accessible materials which have been embodied in it. In the first place, then, the Monograph contains the results of examinations of the whole of the specimens in the British and Oxford Museums, of those in the Jardin des Plantes (including Blanchard's and D'Or- bigny's types), of those in the Copenhagen Museum, in the Berlin Museum (including Erichson's types), and in the Stockholm Museum (including Bohemann's). It contains those in the private collections of Dr. Leconte of Philadelphia (including the types of his species), those in the collections of the Marquis de Laferte-Senectere (including Dejean's collection), Chevrolat, Marseuil, Javet, Guerin-MeneviUe, Pairmaire, Brissot, ChabriUac, Salle, DeyroUe, Bonvouloir, and most of the other Parisian entomologists, of Lacordaire and Candeze in Belgium, of Schiodte and Westermann at Copenhagen, of Porster at Aix- la-Chapelle (including the types of his species of Meligetlies), of Riel at Cassel, of Haage and Heyden at Prankfort, of Bruck at Crefeld, of Dohrn at Stettin, of Gerstacker, Kraatz and Schaum at Berlin (including Germar's types), those of Kiesenwetter at Bautzen, of Obert and Motschoulsky at St. Petersburg, of Markel at Dresden, of Bosenhauer at Erlangen, of Sturm at Nuremberg (including his types), and of our own chief coleopterists in Britain— Westwood, Saunders, Waterhouse, Parry, Hamlet Clark, Pascoe, Pry, &c. The veteran Wm. Sharpe M'Leay has contributed of his stores in AustraKa ; Mr. Nietner made for me an admirable collection of NitidularicB in Ceylon; Count Castelnau and Dr. Traill at Siam and Singapore, Mr. Bowring in China, Mr. Hepburn in California, Mr. Wedderspoon in Chili, Dr. J ameson at Quito, and the Hudson Bay Company's officers in the north of America, all kindly added to my materials. Mr. Bates's entire coUection of NitidularicB made on the Amazon was secured for the Museum, as was that of Mr. Wal- lace made in Celebes, Batchian, and the other places he visited; and the chief dealers in insects, Messrs. Stevens, DeyroUe, &c., preserved for me whatever novelties came into their hands. To numerous other less-known entomologists I owe thanks for their liberal contributions. These have enabled me to do much to increase the collection of the British Museum. To fill its blanks I have also sacrificed my own unique specimens wherever they were required for that purpose ; so that it has now become the finest and best collection of this family in the world. One chief value which it possesses is due to my having obtained authentic types of described species from the original describers themselves wherever it was possible. To Professors Peters, Gerstacker, and Schaum I owe types of a large proportion of Erichson's species. Boheman has given me types of most of his CaflPrarian described species. Eorster and Bosenhauer gave me their species of Meligetlies, and Leconte has sent me his newly described Californian and other American MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. 213 species. There are thus not very many species to see authentic types of which it would now be necessary for the student to go beyond the walls of the British Museum. An estimate of the relative strength of the Museum in this family may be made from a comparison of the numbers it possesses with those possessed by the Berlin Museum, which, before I took the monograph in hand, was far ahead of every other collection, and which is now second only to the British Museum. Of the genus Carpophikis there have been thirty-five species previously described ; the Berlin Museum possesses thirty- five species, while the British Museum has sixty-two species, and I describe ninety-three. Of the genus Brachypeplus five species have been described, of which four are in the Berlin Museum; I describe twenty-eight, of which twenty -three are in the British Museum. Of Colastus eighteen species have been described ; the Berlin Museum contains nineteen, the British Museum twenty-eight, and I describe forty-seven : and other genera in like proportion. In subdividing this family, I have found it necessary to make the characters of many of the genera, and especially of the subgenera, to a greater or less extent artificial. If genera really did exist in nature, we ought to be able to find positive and defined characters by which to distinguish them. That we do not find any limiting boundaries, goes far to prove that there are no such things as genera in nature, and that what we call so are neither more nor less than artificial aids to memory and classification. In no family which I have studied have I been more struck with this than in the Nitidulari(B. The affinities which we find constantly appearing in unexpected places, and the gradual shading off which we see in others, show that the whole group is a perfect network of relationship, and that, with a few exceptional breaks, the boundaries of the genera, or subsections into which for convenience' sake we divide them, have no real existence. It is no part of my present purpose to discuss the question whether genera and species actually do exist or not. It may be that the larger divisions, such as our present families, which were first described as genera by Linnaeus and the older naturalists, have limits which (subject to the usual exceptions which occur in all systems) are sufficiently well defined and constant to allow of their being regarded as boundaries laid down by nature and not by man ; and there is no doubt that the characters of these larger divisions or old genera are much better marked (as, of course, they ought to be) than those of the more numerous smaller subdivisions proposed by modern naturalists ; but when we come to the smaller sections I have almost invariably found that some inosculating passage or other links the whole together, not in a chain or series, but in a complete network. The purpose of this monograph is not antiquarian but practical. I shall therefore not occupy — I must not say waste — time in recapitulating the early notices of the species composing it. Practically they are now of little value, and it wiU sufficiently answer every useful purpose to give references to them in the body of the monograph wherever they are necessary for the elucidation of the different species. Nor need the more recent literature of the subject, although very different in value, occupy us long : it is as scant in quantity as it is excellent in quality. The species which now compose the family were originally arranged by De Geer and VOL. XXIV. {j . 2 F 21dj MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. Linna3us among tlio Sllphidce. Eabricius threw them, and a number of other species which are now to he sought in distant parts of our systematic arrangements, into one genus under the name of Nititkila (a diminutive of nitidus) — an appellation not very ap})ropriate considering the obscure colouring and sordid appearance of many of the species, but which has been retained, notwithstanding an early attempt of Laicharting (Verz. Tyrol. Ins., Ziir. 1781), in which he was followed by Schonherr, to get it changed (to Ostoma). Latreille, Herbst, Kugellan, Leach, Stephens, Shuckard, Laporte, Pischer, Perty, &c. from time to time broke up the genus, or added new genera to the family, as . fresh materials were discovered. To them we owe the genera Cateretes, Herbst {Cercus, Latreille) ; Brachypterus, Kugellan ; CarjjopJiilus, Leach and Stephens ; Cillceus, Laporte ; Fsilotus,Yi&G\\(d\: ; PW«, Stephens (Obrm^/p/^om, Laporte) ; Meligethes, Stephens; Lasio- dactylus, Perty ; Strongylus, Herbst ; CycJiramm, Kugellan ; and Cryptarclia, Shuckard. But it was not until the year 1843 that it underwent a special examination. In that year Erichson published, in Germar's ' Zeitschrift fiir die Entomologie,' a monograph of the family, which has been ever since and still remains the standard work on the subject ; and perhaps no better proof of its excellence and ability could be given than the fact that during the lapse of nearly twenty years, most fertile in the progress of entomology, which have passed since that publication, no subsequent author has found, nor do I now in my turn (with the added experience of all that time) find, anything to alter in the general principles of his classification. The main divisions which he has laid down seem the best which can be adopted, and I have little more to do than to fortify them by additional characters, correct their boundaries where imperfect information had led Erichson into error, and add to the species contained in them the new discoveries which have accumulated since the publication of his work, and establish new genera for the new forms for which a place cannot be found in the old. The new " coupes " which Erichson made in his monograph were the following genera : — My strops, Colastus, Brachypeplm, Conotelus, EcnomcBus, Epurea, Pe^-ilopa, Soronia, Bro^netopia, JPlatychora, Axyra, Ischcena, Ipidia, Amphotis, Lobiopa, Omosita, Fhenolia, Stelidota, Thalycra, JEtliina, Hehascus, Gaulodes, Lordites, JPocadius, Cam- ptodes, Cyllodes, Aviphicrossus, JPallodes, Oxycnemus, and Triacanus. The year after (1844), in the fifth volume of Germar's ' Zeitschrift,' he gave an appendix to his previous paper, which is chiefly occupied with the characters of the genera of the Trogositid(B, which he regarded as a portion of the family of NitidularicB. I look upon them as a distinct family, and do not include them in this monograph. He there added also the genus Cyhocephalus to the Nitidularics — ^^a step from which I dissent for reasons to be presently given. In 1844 and 1845 Sturm, adopting Erichson's classification, and adapting it to his ' Heutschlands Eauna,' published a sort of monograph of the family as found in Germany, chiefly valuable for the excellent coloured figures given of the different species. No new divisions or genera are there proposed, although one or two new species, chiefly of Meligethes, are described. In 1848 the volume of Erichson's 'Insekten Deutschlands' (usually known as the MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARm. 215 third volume), in which the Nitichdidce came in turn to he treated of, appeared. Here he repeated his former views without material alteration, hut with the addition of descrip- tions of the German species of Meligethes. I need not enumerate the authors of local faunas who have adopted Erichson's classi- fication ; it would he simply a list of those of every fauna puhlished since his work appeared — Sturm, Stephens, K,edtenhacher, WoUaston, Bohemann, Leconte, Thomson, &c. Of these WoUaston, in his ' Insecta Maderensia,' has added the genus Xenostrongylus to the group, and Dr. Leconte of Philadelphia Amarkis (a suhgenus of CarpopUUis) and JPsilopyga (a well-marked form of the Strongylince) . Uedtenhacher, in his 'Eauna Austriaca,' has proposed to place the genus Sph(Brites in this family, and Thomson, in his ' Eauna of Scandinavia,' has made a similar suggestion with regard to the genus Nosodendro7i, — propositions, however, which seem unwarranted. Mr. Westwood, in a separate notice, has added the genus Faromia to the Ipidcs. The same estimation of Erichson's system has heen shown hy the authors of works of a more extended and general nature. M. Lacordaire has followed it implicitly, and without correction, in his ' Histoire des Insectes,' as has M. Jacquelin Duval in his ' Genera des Coleopteres d'Europe,' who, however, has proposed two subgenera of the Brachyp teridce. Scarcely anything has heen written upon the larvss of this family. Insufficient notices of one or two hy Bouche (Naturg. der Insect.), a description of one species hy Curtis, and of two hy Erichson (Insekten Deutschlands, vol. iii.), a resume of these by Candeze and Chapuis in their Catalogue of the Larvae of Coleoptera, and a description of two exotic species by Candeze in his ' Histoire des Metamorphoses de quelques Coleopteres exotiques,' and of one or two by M. Perris in his papers on the Insects of the Maritime Pine {Finns maritimus), are all that has been done on the subject worth mentioning. Chabacters op the Eamily. Antennce. — The antennse characterize the whole family, but do not furnish distinctions of much value for minor sectional division. They are clavate, but not geniculated. They vary in the size, form, and proportion of the articles ; and the claviform character passes through all the gradations from an almost circular club of comparatively large dimensions as in Camptodes or ^tliina, to little more than moniliform antennse some- what thickened towards the apex as in Bracliypterus and Brachyleptus. The propor- tions of the articles, moreover, are not always, although generally, constant ; in My strops, for example, no two species have them alike. The majority have the first article thick, the second short, the third longer, the fourth shorter, the fifth, sixth, and seventh small and moniliform and about equal in size; the eighth more or less ex- panded, forming a transition to the club, which is composed of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh. Antennal grooves. — In some species there are grooves or hollowed channels under the head, in which the stalks of the antennse repose when at rest. These usually consist of a narrow groove at the inner and under corner of the eye (fig. 1), extending back- 2 F 2 210 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE. Underside of head of Lordites villoms, showing antennal grooves, a, a. wards obliquely, or straiglit on cacli side of the mentum. The presence or absence of this channel is a useful character, but its degree of obliquity ^ _ is of more doubtful value. Mandibles. — These are too variable to furnish good sec- tional characters ; very generally they are bidentate at the apex, but sometimes they are simple, and frequently they have a number of small tcotli following the two larger ones. In Cillceus they are multidentate ; and in some of the species of IpidcB the left mandible is bidentate, while the right is simple, the apex of the latter being received between the two teeth of the former. 3Iaxillce.—T\\Q maxillee furnish useful characters for separating the larger groups of Clavicorns. They are constructed on three separate plans — two of them bilobed, and one with only a single lobe. The BrachypteridcB have two lobes to the maxillee. The remainder of the Nitidularim have only one ; and the Clavicorns which follow them have two lobes. The double lobes of the Brachypterid(E are unusual, and differ from those of the Trogositidce, ColydiidcB, &c. in this respect— that the exterior lobe is not furnished with hairs, but has a small vesicle near the point, whilst in the latter both lobes are fur- nished with hairs in the usual way. Eig. 2 shows the form of the maxilla in the Brachy- pteridce, fig. 3 in the NiUdulidm proper, fig. 4 in the genus BJdzopliagus, and fig. 5 in the Colydiidce. Ym. 2 Fig. 3. Fig. 5. Maxillse and maxillary palpus of Urachyf terns gravidus^ Maxilla and palpus of Thalycra fervicla. Maxillee and palpus of RJdzo- phagus depressus. MaxUlae and palpus ot mtoma crenata. Ligula and Baraglossce. — The ligula and paraglossse of this family have given rise to some discussion and considerable difference of opinion among entomologists, from the fact that they usually have a structure developed which does not exist in other insects. I would refer those who wish to study the relations of these parts to M. Lacordaire's observations on the subject in his ' Histoire des Insectes Ooleopteres,' vol. ii. p. 288, and to M. Jacquelin Duval's remarks on the notes to pages 134, 136, and 139 in the ' Genera des Ooleopteres d'Europe,' vol. ii. I shall here confine myself to stating the result of my own observations. In the NitidularioB the ligula is usually a narrow, pro- jecting, oblong, ovate or triangular piece, placed in the mouth, next the mentum : that is, supposing the insect to be walking on the ground, it is nearer the ground than the paraglossse or their lobes. Behind this lie the true paraglossse, soldered to it. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 217 The ligula is well seen in its simplest state in Macrostola straminea. Pigs. 7 ir(Ba ITlmat^ia. Herr Bach takes it in profusion near Boppard in the month of March, on the same tree as Cercus Sambuci, viz. Sambucus racemosus, but always a fortnight before it, it appearing before the buds are open. The difference in the time of appearance would lead one at first to suppose that Bach's species must be distinct from C. Spirece, Markel ; but I have failed to discover any dif- ference ; and as Markel came to the same conclusion, I have felt constrained to consider them the same, notwithstanding this embarrassing circumstance. The Saxon specimens taken in July may be a second brood. It is widely distributed, being found in most parts of Europe — and also, probably, throughout Asia, as I have received a specimen from Count Motschulsky, named by him C. melanocephalus, which had been taken on the banks of the river Amoor, and which is now in the collection of the British Museum. I can discover no difference between this specimen and those taken in Europe, unless perhaps that it is a trifle less convex. 8. Cercus pennatus. Query, Cercus pusillus, Melsh. Proc. Acad. Philad. ii. 105 (1846)? Eulvus vel piceo-fulvus, capite, disco thoracis scutelloque parum saturatioribus, punc- tatus, pubescens ; scutello parum punctato, obtuse rotundato ; elytris longis, sutura versus scutellum paululo elevata, utrinque linea brevi subdepressa, apice rotundato, truncato. Long. 1^^ lin., lat. f lin. ; long, elytrorum f lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in America boreali. The American representative of C. Sambuci ; longer and larger, somewhat narrowed in 230 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. front. Dull fulvous, with tlio head, the disk of the thorax, the scutcllum, the part of the elytra adjacent to it, and the suture, a little darker ; finely punctate and pubescent, rather dull. The head with a faint semicircular line impressed between the eyes. An- ton ntc with the club in the female two-jointed. Thorax with the base subemarginate and the sides rounded ; slightly margined, the anterior angles a little inflexed and somewhat obtusely rounded. Scutellum slightly punctate, obtusely rounded at the apex. Elytra long, broadest behind, a little broader than the thorax at their base, with the shoulders slightly prominent ; the suture slightly elevated towards the scutellum, bearing on each side a short subdepressed line ; sides margined and almost inflexed, with the apex, trun- cate and the angles rounded. The pygidium and projecting angles of the preceding segment alone exposed. Pound in Canada, Pennsylvania, and other parts of North America. There is a species described by Melsheimer ( Cercus pusillus) which may possibly be the same as this, or Cercus crinitus (see p. 237) ; but I have been unable to procure authentic specimens of it or to identify it from Melsheimer' s description, and have con- sequently not ventured to adopt his name for it. 9. Cerctjs abdominalis. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 229 (1843). Viridis, nitidus ; antennis, pedibus abdomineque rufo-testaceis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in America boreali. A very distinct and well-marked species. Of the size of C. bipustulatus, oval, slightly convex, very sparingly and finely cinereo-pubescent. Green, shining, and thickly punctate. Antennae rufo-testaceous ; club three-jointed in both sexes. Mouth rufous. Thorax convex, narrower than the elytra; sides rounded, posterior angles right-angled, but blunter than in other species of the genus. Scutellum sparingly punctate. Elytra broad, convex ; shoulders somewhat piceous. Breast black. The only one of the Brachypteridce with something of a metallic lustre. It does not appear to be common. The slightly rectangular termination to the posterior angles of the thorax Porm of thorax in is not present in this subgenus. • ^^Jg;'."' 10. Cercus Dalmatinus. (Dej. Cat. 137, ed. 1837.) Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 229. 5 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. xv. 12. 4. taf. 289. fig. d, D (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 128. 4 (1848). Var. C. TESTACEus (Dej. Cat. 137, ed. 1837). Eortiter punctatus, testaceus, cinereo pubescens, scutello, elytrorum sutura-, pectore ab- domineque piceis ; elytris thorace sesquiplo longioribus. Long. 1 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Austria, Dalmatia, et Graecia. (Subgenus Cercus proper.) Jacq. Duval, Gen. des Coleopt. d'Europe, ii. 137- Pronotum angulis posticis rotundatis. Fig. 27. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 237 Somewliat of the appearance of C. pedicularius, but smaller and narrower, punctate, and witli longer and closer grey pubescence and much, shorter antennae, which are only as long as a fourth of the length of the body. Testaceous, with the scutellum, the elytra on each side of the suture, and the breast and abdomen piceous. The thorax about the breadth of the elytra, and a half broader than long, narrowed in front and with the sides rounded. Scutellum punctate and apex obtuse. The elytra are a half longer than the thorax. Breast and abdomen finely punctate. This species is found in the Austrian German provinces, as well as in Dalmatia and Greece. Herr von Kiesenwetter informs me that in Greece it is found on a species of Carex growing in the sea marshes. The specimens standing under the name of (7. testaceus in Count Dejean's collection are flavous-coloured varieties of C. Dalniatinus, and are said also to come from Dalmatia. 11. Cercus crinitus. Statura C. Samhuci, rufo-testaceus, capite et prothorace paulo saturatioribus, leviter punctatus, subnitidus, longe pubescens ; elytris thorace magis punctatis, humeris prominentibus, apice truncate, angulis paulo rotundatis. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Tennessee in America boreali. Of the size of C. SamJjuci. E-ufo-testaceous, head and thorax darker, faintly punctate, slightly shining, with a comparatively long, loose, fine pubescence. The head deeply impressed on each side in front. The thorax both before and behind moderately rounded and margined, all the angles rounded. The elytra more deeply punctate than the thorax, moderately long, with prominent shoulders, and sides rounded and almost inflexed ; the apex truncate, with the angles, both exterior and sutural, rounded. The pygidium and the projecting angles of the preceding segment alone exposed. Found in Tennessee. I am indebted to Dr. Schaum for the specimen now in the British Museum. 12. Cercus rufilabris. Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. ii. 16. 3 (1807). Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 229. 6 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. XV. 13. 5. taf. 289. fig. E (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 129. 5 (1848). [Cercus rubicundus, Dej. Cat. 136, ed. 1837-) Cateretes rufilabris, Steph. lUustr. Brit. Ent. Mand. iii. 54. 2 (1830). Caricis, Steph. lilustr, Brit. Ent. Mand. iii. 54. 10 (1830); rubicundus, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 411.4 (1841). Brachypterus fulvus, Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 232 (1843). Profunde punctatus, niger, ore pedibusque rufis; prothorace lateribus rotundato, an- trorsum angustato. Long, f-1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Var. A. Cateretes Junci, Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mand. iii. 54. 9 (1830). B^ufo-piceus, elytris nigris. Var. B. Cateretes paUidus, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 411. 5 (1841). Testaceus, unicolor. Communis in Europa. VOL. XXIV. 2 I MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^.. Scarcely hall" so ]nvv;o. as O. pedicularius, more elongate and less convex. Black, shining, deeply punctate, with white pubescence. Mouth, antennae, apex of the elytra, and legs reddish yellowish-brown. Antennai one-fourth of the body in length, with a rather slender club. Head small, forehead flat. Thorax narrowed in front, nearly of the breadth of the elytra behind, sloping in a gentle curve to the posterior angles, which are obtuse. Scutellum large and rounded. Elytra distinctly and not very closely punctate. The colour is variable, which has given rise to the above varieties A and B being described as distinct species. I am unable to see any diflPerence between this species and the specimens of Erich- son's Brachypteriis fulvus preserved in the Berlin Museum. Erichson himself remarks regarding the latter that it is very like the reddish varieties of the former, but can be distinguished, in addition to the generic characters, by its having the last two segments of the abdomen exposed. Now there must be some misapprehension here, because Cercus rvfilahris likewise has the last two segments exposed. Erichson, however, specially refers, besides, to the generic characters as being those of Brachypterus ; but as the specimen in the Berlin Museum is unique, and not in a state to allow of these characters being observed without sacrificing the specimen, I am inclined to think that Erichson must have taken them upon trust ; and as it is, in every point that we can test, apparently identical with C. rufilahris, I have recorded my opinion that it is synonymous with that species. The only difference that I could perceive is that it seemed to be not quite so deeply punctate. It is found all over the Continent and also in England. 13. Cercus sertcans. Leconte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. Feb. 1859, p. 69 (1859), Oblongus, modice convexus, fuscus, punctatus, pube brevi cinerea sericans ; capite tho- raceque ssepe rufo-testaceis, hoc latitudine plus sesquiplo breviore, lateribus rotun- datis marginatis ; elytris thorace fere duplo longioribus ; antennis pedibusque testaceis, illis articulo nono prsecedente vix majore. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in California, prope Fort Tejon. Longer and more slender than the preceding species of the genus, and provided with a closer and more silky cinereous short pubescence ; punctate ; brown, with the head and thorax often rufo-testaceous, and antennae and legs testaceous. The club of the antennae biarticulate, the ninth article being scarcely longer than the eighth. Thorax less than two-thirds as long as broad. Elytra about twice as long as the thorax. Eound near Port Tejon in California. Dr. Leconte has been kind enough to supply me with a specimen, which I have placed in the British Museum. 14. Cercus exilis (Laferte). Parvus, subcylindricus, flavus, punctatus, pubescens. Long, f lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Cumana. Small, narrow, cylindrical, not unlike a small CarpophUus. Yellow, punctate, and MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 239 pubescent. Antennae with the club rather large and the articles moniliform. Head with a deep semicircular depression or canal in front at the base of the epistome, very faintly punctate, pubescent. Eyes large. Thorax subquadrate, the sides rounded, the anterior angles subrectangular, rounded ; closely and irregularly punctate, pubescent ; the posterior angles rounded ; base truncate, margined. Scatellum small, smooth. Elytra subparallel, about a half longer than the thorax ; darker at the apex ; shoulders prominent, irregularly punctate. Apex truncate, slightly rounded. Exterior apical angles rounded. Abdomen paler ; very little of the penultimate segment exposed above; fimbriae distinct. By some this has been mistaken for a Rhizophagus and named R. adustus. Erom Cumana and Cuba. (Subgenus Amartus.) Leconte, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. Nov. 1861, p. 34.5 (1861). Palpi labiales articulo ultimo elongato-ovali (see Plate XXXII. fig. 4, e) ; unguiculi simplices ; mas pygidio segmentulo anali aucto. The outer lobe of the maxillae is slender, not hooked at the point, but with a long terminal vesicle. Last article of the labial palpi elongate-oval; the maxillary palpi with the last article conical, a little longer than the preceding. The mentum is broad, emarginate in front. The labrum is emarginate ; the mandibles flat, scarcely toothed. The club of the antennae is 3-jointed and elongate. The second and third ventral seg- ments are shorter than the first and fourth, the fifth is the longest ; In the males a small but distinct dorsal segment is added. The tarsi are dilated ; the claws slender, a little broader at the base, but not toothed. 15. Cercus eufipes. Amartus rufipes, Leconte, loc. cit. Ovalis, parum convexus, nigro-piceus, helvo pubescens, confertim punctatus ; prothorace longitudine fere duplo latiore, antice truncato, lateribus et basi rotundato, angulis posticis parum explanatis ; elytris thorace sesqui longioribus, lateribus et apice late indeterminate rufo-testaceis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis. Long. If lin., lat. I lin. Habitat in California. Compared with the rest of the Cerci, this species is large. It is oval and convex, blackish piceous, covered with a close silky griseous pubescence, thickly and equally punctate both above and beneath. The antennae are as long as the head and thorax united. The thorax is nearly twice as broad as long, the sides and base rounded, and the posterior angles somewhat expanded. Scutellum oblong ; angles rounded, truncate at the apex. The elytra a half longer than the thorax, with the shoulders lighter, and the sides and apex broadly margined with an indeterminate rufo-testaceous margin. Below some- times concolorous and sometimes ferruginous. Eound at Mendocino and in the neighbourhood of San Erancisco in California, and probably throughout the whole of CaKfornia. It does not appear to be rare, as I received many specimens from Mr. Hepburn of San Erancisco. 2 I 2 21<0 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^.. Oonus Braciiyptetius. Kiisollan, ill Sclineid. Mag. 506 (1792). Erichs. in Gierm. Zcitschr. iv. 228 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. XV. 16. taf. 290 (1814). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 130 (1848). Redtenb. Fauna Austriaca, no. 125. p. 162 (1849). Lacord. Hist, des Coleopt. ii. 292 (1854). Jacq. Uuv. Gen. des Coleopt. d'Europe, 137 (1857-59). Fig. 28. Fig. 29. Fig. 30. Ungues dentati (fig. 28). Pygidium maris segmentulo anali auctum (fig. 29). Claw of Bracliy- Pygidium of male Pygidium of female pterus. Brachypteriis. BracJiypterus. This genus may be shortly characterized by having the claws toothed, and by the males having an additional anal segment or appendage. It may be further subdivided into two or three subgenera, depending upon the form of the thorax and of the last segment of the labial palpi ; thus : — Posterior angles not embracing the elytra 1 Posterior angles embracing the elytra Heterostomus. ^ r Elytra much longer than exposed dorsal segments of abdomen .... Brachypterus. \ Exposed dorsal segments of abdomen nearly as long as elytra Brachyleptus. Fosition and Affinities. — Cebcus. Brachypterus. Mystrops. (Subgenus Brachypterus proper.) Prothorax angulis posticis obtusis vel rotundatis. Elytra abdominis segmentis dorsalibus expositis multo longiora. Palpi labiales articulo ultimo ovato. Labial palpi with the last article ovate. Thorax with the posterior angles obtuse or rounded, not embracing the base of the elytra. Elytra much longer than the exposed dorsal portion of the abdomen. 1. Brachypterus pubescens. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 231. 4 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. xv. 24. 4. taf. 191. fig. B (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 132. 4 (1848). Cateretes urticce, var. a, Illig. Kaf. Preuss. 395. 2 (1798). , var. /3, Duftschm. Faun. Austr. iii. 140. 3 (1825). glaber, Steph. lUustr. Brit. Ent. Mand.v. p. 407 (1832). Newm. Ent. Mag. ii. p. 200 (1834). Cercus Urticce (Dej. Cat. 136, ed. 1837). Plumbeo-ater, nitidulus, punctatus, parcius albido pubescens, antennis pedibusque piceis vel nigris. Long. 1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Europa, sat frequens. Black with a slightly leaden lustre, with a sparing adpressed whitish pubescence. Pinely and rather deeply punctate. Antennae about the length of the thorax, piceous, with the first two articles black. Head very deeply and almost rugosely punctate. Thorax MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 241 about the breadtli of the elytra, a half broader than long, rounded on the sides, narrowed in front, truncate, straight before and behind, posterior angles rounded and obtuse. Scutellum large and semicircular. Elytra more than a half longer than the thorax. Abdomen with the fourth segment very short. Alwut the same size and shape as B. JJrticcB, but readily distinguished by its leaden-black colour and whitish-grey pubes- cence, with legs and antennae so dark as usually to appear black, while B. TJrticcB has a brownish hue mixed with its black, and its legs, antennae, and mouth are reddish brown, the basal joint of the antennae excepted, which is usually black, and also sometimes the club, which is generally darker than the preceding articles of the antennae. Pound in flowers and on plants all over Europe. Common. Not rare in Britain. 2. Brachypterus tjnicolor. Kiister, Kaf. Eur. xviii. 29 (1849). Niger, nitidus, sparsim fortiter punctatus, subtiliter cinereo pubescens ; prothorace lateribus rotundato, angulis posticis rotundatis, anticis rectis; elytris indistincte virescente micantibus. Long, f-1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Sardinia, Sicilian &c. Black, shining, sparingly but deeply punctate, faintly cinereo-pubescent. Thorax rounded on the sides, the posterior angles rounded, the anterior right-angled. Scutellum large, rounded at the apex, punctate, except on the margins. Elytra indistinctly brassy green. Antennae and legs black. The only distinguishable differences which M. Kiister gives between this species and B. pubescens are, that it is smaller, more slender, blacker, less closely pubescent, with the second article of the antennae reddish brown and the elytra faintly metallic green. It is to be observed, however, that the colour of the^ basal articles of the antennae is a character of little or no value. Nine out of ten specimens of B. pubescens which have the antennae reddish have the second article lightest in colour. The basal joint is usually dark, the second rufous, and the rest become gradually darker as they approach the club, which is generally piceous. I have not seen any undoubted specimens of M. Kiister' s types ; but I have received from Herr von Kiesenwetter a specimen of a species, taken in Sicily, which he thought was Kiister' s miicolor. This specimen, however, is larger and more convex, instead of being smaller and more slender, than B. pubescens, and the second article of the antennae does not differ in colour from the others. It almost looks as if Kiister had confounded his specimens, and described his unicolor from specimens of jncbescens, reversing the cha- racters in his contrast. My specimen is somewhat smoother than jmbescens, the punc- tuation being rather more widely scattered ; it is also decidedly more convex, and has the anterior angle of the thorax more right-angled and less inflexed ; but, with these ex- ceptions, I can see little difference between them. Eor the above reasons, I am inclined to think that the Sicilian species which I received under that name is Kiister' s miicolor, and I have therefore recorded it as such, merely altering his diagnosis so as to leave the above points open. 242 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITTDULARI^. 'i. BiiAcnYPTERiis Vrtlcje. Kugellan,in Schneid. Mag. 561. 2 (1794). Erichs.in Germ.Zeitschr.lv. 231. 5 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. XV. 28. 5. taf. 291. %. C (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. ill. 132. 5 (1848). Dermeates Urticd', Fabr., Payk. Cateretes Urticce, var. /3, lUlg. Kaf. Preuss. 395. 2 (1798). , Gyll, Duftschm., Steph., Heer, Schonh. Strongylus abhreviatus, Herbst, Ktif. Iv. 190 (1792). Scaphidium scutellutum, Panz. Faun. Germ. 4. 11. Meligethes erythropus. Marsh., Steph. Cercus rufilabris (Dej. Cat. 136, ed. 1837). Piceo-subaeneus, nitidus, tenuiter griseo pubescens, punctatus, antennis pedibusque rufis ; prothorace lateribus postice sinuatis. Long. |-1 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat In Europa frequentissimus. Var. A. Totus piceus, prothorace lateribus postea minus sinuatis et minus reflexis. Habitat in America boreali. Convex, brown, with a slight brassy tinge, sparingly clothed with griseous pubescence, moderately deeply punctate. The thorax nearly as broad as the elytra, but only half as long, with the sides rounded, but sinuate in front of the posterior angles, which are expanded and somewhat reflexed, truncate both before and behind, and the posterior angles obtuse. The elytra somewhat tumid. The fourth segment of the abdomen very short. Antennae and legs rufous. The mouth, and apex of the thighs reddish brown. The commonest of all the species ; feeding in great numbers everywhere in Europe on the nettle ( Urtica dioica), especially when in bloom. It is found also in North America. Dr. Leconte has sent me a specimen from Pennsylvania, which only differs in the foUow- mg respects : it is a little smaller, and wholly piceous ; the sides of the thorax before the posterior angles are less sinuated and the angles less reflexed. These differences are too slight to allow me to do more than record it as a variety (var. A, suprh). 4. Brachyptertts affinis. Cateretes affinis, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 411 (1841). " Statura omnino B. TIrticcB, oblongo-ovatus, castaneus, confertim subtilius punctatus ; pronoto transverso, angulis posticis rotundatis ; antennis pedibusque testaceis. Long. |- lin. " Habitat in montibus subalpinis prope Linthal." I have not seen this species. Prof. Heer says it is exceedingly like B. Urticce, but is distinguished from it by a finer punctuation and by its thorax being a little longer. Subalpine districts in Switzerland (Linthal, &c.). 5. Brachypterus pulvipes. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 231 (1843). Statura B. Vrtica;, niger, nitidus, dense punctatus et cinereo pubescens ; thorace lateribus medio subangulatis ; pedibus antennisque rufis, his clava picea. Long. | lin. Habitat in Sardinia. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIJE. 243 Similar in size and form to UrticcB ; black, shining, closely punctate, and clothed with a cinereous pubescence. Thorax a little narrower than the elytra ; sides rounded, and with a slight angle at the middle, nearly equal in breadth in front and behind, posterior angles obtuse. Elytra a half longer than the thorax. Legs, antenuEe, and mouth rufous ; the club of the antennae piceous. The deeper punctuation and close cinereous pubescence are the most distinguishing characters in this species. The only specimen I have seen is in the Berlin Museum, and was brought from Sardinia. 6. Brachypterus pallipes. AfiB.ms B.fulvipedi, Erichs., leviter punctatus et tenuiter pubescens, niger, thorace piceo, elytris parum cupreo micantibus ; thorace lateribus rotundato et postice explanato ; labro nigro; antennis pedibusque pallide testaceis, clava antennarum obscuriore. Long, f lin. Habitat in Algeria. Nearly allied to B.fulvipes, Erichs., but rather smaller. The thorax with the sides rounded and more expanded posteriorly, and only beginning to be rounded-in at the very base, while in B.fulvipes the rounding-in commences at about a quarter of its length from the base. Erom Algeria. 7. Brachtpterus labiatus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 232 (1843). B. TIrtic(B similis, minor, niger, nitidus, parce punctatus, tenuiter pubescens; elytris ssneis ; labro, pedibus antennisque testaceis, his clava nigra. Long, f lin. Habitat in Sardinia. Very similar to B. Urticce, but scarcely more than half its size. It is black, shining, sparingly punctate, sparingly pubescent. The elytra with a slight brassy tinge. The labrum, the legs, and antennae testaceous, except the club of the latter, which is black. The punctuation of the thorax is rather more distinct than that of the elytra, while in B. UrticcB it is about equal in both. The only specimens I have seen are now in the Berlin Museum, and were received from Sardinia. 8. Brachtptertjs meridionalis. Kiister, Kaf. Eur. xv. 38 (1848). " B. niger, nitidus, planiusculus, tenuiter griseo pubescens, subtiliter punctatus ; elytris subtilissime transversim rugulosis; antennis piceo-nigris, clava pedibusque rufo- piceis. Long, f lin., lat. f lin. " Habitat in Hispania." I have not seen this species ; but Kiister says that it is flatter than its allies, that the pubescence allows the shining surface to appear through it, and that the elytra are marked with transverse acicular markings, — characters by no means confined to this 211. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE. species (if it a species), but shared Brachypterus Tlrticoi, B. puhescens, and most of the other species. I'roin Carthagena in Spain. 9. BuACIIYPTEinJS LiTCASII. B. pubcsccns, (Schiippell, ined.) Lucas, Explor. Scient. de I'Algerie, Zool. ii. 219 (1849). Atcr, flavo pilosns ; capitc thoraceque punctatis ; elytris fortiter granariis. Long, f lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Algeria. Much smaller than B. cinereus. Black ; clothed with yellow hairs, longish and sparingly scattered. Head punctate, the punctures small, close, and very deeply impressed ; mouth hlack ; the antennae black, and each article sparingly sprinkled with longish yellow hairs. Thorax broader than long, rounded anteriorly and posteriorly, as well as the sides, which are dilated and very lightly edged ; it is sprinkled with rather large rounded punctures tolerably deeply marked, and less close than those on the head. Scutellum smooth. Elytra convex and strongly shagreened. The underside of the body as well as the legs are of the same colour as above, and clothed with scattered longish yellowish hairs. M. Lucas has described this species under the name of B. puhescens, forgetting that that name was already preoccupied. I have been obliged, therefore, to give it another name, and I have thought I could not do better than dedicate it to that amiable naturalist himself. Prom Alfi^eria. 10. BUACHYPTBRUS ROTUNDICOLLIS. Piceus, subseneus, nitidus, punctatus, griseo pubescens ; thorace coleopteris paulo angus- tiore, lateribus rotundato ; elytris sat longis et angustis ; ore et antennis rufis, clava fusca ; pedibus testaceis. Long. 1 lin., lat. | lin. Habitat in Syria et Europa meridionali. Piceous, with a slight brassy hue, shining, densely puuctate, clothed with a long griseous pubescence. Thorax slightly narrower than the elytra, with the sides and all the angles rounded ; the sides scarcely (if at all) expanded, and not sinuate. Elytra not very convex, rather long. The antennae (except the club, which is fuscous), mouth, and legs rufous. Pygidium and posterior angles of the penultimate segment alone exposed. Pound in Syria, Germany, &c. 11. BHACHYPTERUS TROGLODYTES. Piceus, subseneus, nitidus, tenuiter griseo pubescens, punctatus ; thorace lateribus rotun- dato, angulis posticis obtusis, rotundatis, hand sinuatis, explanatis ; elytris humeris prominentibus, apice oblique truncate. Long, f lin., lat. | lin. Habitat in California. About the size of B. TJrticcR ; it is allied to it, but may be distinguished from it by the sides of the thorax not being sinuate behind. It is piceous, with a faint brassy tinge, shining, punctate, clothed with a slight griseous pubescence. The head has an MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 245 impression on each side between the eyes, and a short faint longitudinal line on the vertex. The thorax has its sides rounded and not sinuate, the posterior angles obtuse, rounded, and expanded. Scutellum rather large. Elytra with prominent shoulders, with the sides gently rounded and margined, the apex obliquely truncate. Pygidium and posterior angles of the penultimate segment alone exposed. Antennae and legs red. Prom California. Communicated to me by M. I'Abbe de Marseuil. 12. Brachtpterus globularius (E^eiche). Piceus, subseneus, nitidus, confertim punctatus, parce griseo pubescens ; thorace coleo- pteris paulo angustiore, lateribus rotundatis, baud sinuatis, explanatis, disco convexo ; elytris fortiter, disco Isevius punctatis, apice singulis rotundatim truncatis ; antennis, ore pedibusque rufo-piceis. Long, f lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in America boreali ; Mexico ; Connecticut, &c. Closely allied to B. Urticce. Piceous, with a slight brassy lustre, shining, thickly punctured, sparingly clothed with griseous pubescence. Thorax slightly narrower than the elytra, with the sides rounded, not sinuate, expanded, the disk abruptly convex from the expanded part, with a slight impression on each side of the middle, declining towards the base, with the anterior angles nearly right-angled and the posterior rounded. The scutellum less punctate. The elytra thickly punctured, but the disk less so, the sides gently rounded, and the apex of each elytron truncate and rounded. The mouth, an- tennae, and legs rufo-piceous. Specimens from Connecticut and Mexico are in the Marquis de Laferte's collection. 13. jBrachypterus flavipes. Niger, confertissime punctatus, mediocriter cinereo pubescens ; antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace antice posticeque rotundato. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Brasilia. Oblong, convex, black, thickly and rather deeply punctate, clothed with a moderate cinereous pubescence. Antennae short, not much longer than the head, yellow. Pro- thorax arched and rounded both at the anterior and posterior angles, narrowest in front, at its broadest part nearly but not quite so broad as the elytra. Scutellum large, truncate, nearly quadrangular. Elytra not much longer than the thorax. The segments of the abdomen large ; the penultimate as long as the last. All the legs yellow. Collected near Rio Janeiro by the Eev. Hamlet Clark, who has been kind enough to sacrifice his unique specimen to me, in order that it may be preserved in the British Museum. 14. BrACHTPTERTJS TESTACErS. Boheman, Kongl. Svenska Fregatten ' Eugenics ' Resa omkring Jorden (Voyage of the Royal Swedish Frigate 'Eugenie/ made in the years 1851-1853), p. 39 (1857-58). Plavo-testaceus, parum nitidus, crebre et breviter punctulatus, parce cinereo pubescens ; oculis nigris ; thorace lateribus fere parallelis, leviter rotundatis, angulis rotundatis ; VOL. XXIV. 2 K 240 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. scutcUo sat magno ; olytris vix thoracc sosqui longioribus ; tibiis apice valde dila- tatis. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Victoria, in Australia. Plavo-testaceous, only slightly sliming, thickly punctate, and cinereo-puhescent. The thorax transverse and convex, and, viewed directly from above, its sides almost parallel, gently rounded, the angles rounded. Scutellum rather large. Elytra not quite a half longer than the thorax. Tibise much dilated at the apex. This might at first be mistaken for a Cercus, but the characters of the claws and mouth show that Prof. Boheman has rightly placed it in this genus. Prom Victoria, in Australia. 15. Brachyptehtjs flavicornis. Kiist. Kaf. Eur. xv. 40 (1848). Niger, nitidulus, parce punctatus, tenuiter pubescens; prothorace lateribus rotundato, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris cupreo micantibus ; mandibulis, antennis totis pedi- busque ferrugineo-rufis. Long, f lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Italia. Black, somewhat shining and brassy, sparingly punctate and thinly cinereo-pubescent. Thorax with the sides rounded and posterior angles obtuse. Elytra convex in the middle, narrowed behind. Mandibles, antennae, and all the legs ferruginous. According to Kiister, this species is " very near to JB.fulvipes and B. laUatus; distin- guished from the first by the sides of the thorax, which are tolerably rounded, from the last by the black labrum, and from both very distinctly by the antennse being uni- colorous." It appears to me to be nearer to B. Vrticcs. I have received a specimen from Count Motschulsky, bearing this name, which corre- sponds with Kiister's description. It is of the size and form of B. Jlrticoi, and has a very slight brassy lustre on the elytra and a longish scattered hoary pubescence. This forms the passage between this subgenus and the next, but has more of the character of this. The base of the thorax is sinuate, and consequently the posterior angles are turned a little back, but only in a small degree. The elytra, however, are long and the exposed part of the abdomen short. Erom Italy. I have placed my specimen in the British Museum. 2^ote. — The species described by Prof. Boheman, in his ' Insecta Caffraria,' under the name of Brachypterus suhceneus, does not belong to this tribe. It has a great outward resemblance to B. cinereus, but is truly one of the StrongylincB. (Subgenus Heterostomtjs.) Jacq. Duv. Gen. des Coleopt. d'Europe, ii. 138 (1857-59). Thorax basi elytris baud multum angustior, angulis posticis plus rainusve retroaspectantibus. Palpi labiales articulo ultimo ovato. (See Plate XXXII. fig. 1,6.) The base of the thorax is bisinuate, the posterior angles embracing the elytra, which are short and scarcely wider than the thorax. The last article of the labial palpi ovate. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 247 16. Brachyptertjs gravidtjs. (Plate XXXII. fig. 7.) Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 230. 2 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. xv. 22. 2. taf. 90 (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 130. 2 (1848). Cateretes gravidus, Illig., Duftschm., Schbnh. pulicarius, Gyll. Ins. Suec. i. 246. 1. Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 410. 1 (1841). Unarm, Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mand. iii. 53. 4 (1830). Dermestes gravidus, Payk, Faun. Suec. iii. 448 (1798). Scaphidium agaricinum, Herbst, Kaf. v. 134 (1793). Brachypterus scutellatus, Kugellan, in Schneid. Mag. 561. 3 (1794). CercMS atratus (Dej. Cat. 136, ed, 1837). Niger, opacus, confertissime punctatus, fusco pubescens, antennis pedibusque mfis. Long. lin., lat. -| lin. Habitat in Europa. Oblong-ovate, rather convex; black, opaque, very thickly punctate, covered with a fine brownish pubescence; antennse and anterior legs reddish brown. The thorax narrowed in front, with its sides rounded, the base bisinuate, and the character of the subgenus fully displayed, viz. the posterior angles projecting backwards and embracing the shoulders. Scutellum large, triangular. Elytra a third longer than the thorax. Abdomen with the fourth segment as long as the fifth. Found upon flowers. Not rare on the continent of Europe. Not common in Britain. 17. Brachypterus vestitus. Kiesenw. in Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1830) p. 223, and Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 2. ix. 578 (1851). Niger, opacus, confertissime punctatus, griseo pubescens ; antennis pedibusque testaceis. Long. l|-2 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in montibus Pyrenaeis orientalibus. Allied to B. gravidus, but larger; the pubescence stronger, denser, of a different colour, being griseous instead of brownish ; the thorax smaller and narrower, and its posterior angles obtuse. Herr von Kiesenwetter has been kind enough to supply me with typical specimens, which are now in the British Museum. Count Motschulsky sent me a specimen of this species under the name of Carpophilus fuscus, but I am not aware whether this name has been published or not. Erom the Eastern High Pyrenees. 18. Brachypterus laticollis. Kiist. Kaf. Eur. xv. 35 (1848). " B. niger, opacus, confertissime punctatus, rufescente pubescens ; thorace elytris latiore ; antennis pedibusque anticis rufis. Long. 1 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Dalmatia." Not having seen this species, I can only reproduce Kiister's description : he says it is " about half the size of the smaller individuals of B. gravidus, more arched, and dis- 2 K 2 218 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. tinguislicd by tho brownish-reddish, sparing, slightly finer pubescence and the broad thorax." Erom Spalato in Dalmatia. 19. Brachypterus cinereus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 231. 3 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. xv. 24. 3. taf. 91. fig. A (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 131. 3 (1848). Cateretes cinereus, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 413. 9 (1841). Cercus pulicarius, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. ii. 15. 1. (Dej. Cat. 136, ed. 1837.) Plumbeo-niger, confertissime pnnctatus, dense cinereo pubescens, antennis pedibusque anterioribus rufis. Long. lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Europa. Distinguished from, the foregoing species by its colour, which, although black like them, has a sort of leaden lustre, and by having longer and dense grey pubescence, which gives it a hoary appearance readily recognizable. Its sides are less rounded, and the posterior angles of the thorax do not project so much behind and are more obtuse. Pound over most of Europe, but not in Britain. 20. Brachypterus Antirrhini (Chevr.). B. cinereo affinis, major et paulo longior, plumbeo-niger, densissime cinereo pubescens, confertim punctatas, convexus ; antennis pedibusque anticis et mediis rufo-piceis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Algeria. Closely allied to B. cinereus, but larger and more closely clothed with cinereous pubes- cence, and with the middle as well as the anterior legs red. Erom Algeria. I have received a single specimen from M. Chevrolat, which I have placed in the British Museum. (Subgenus Brachylepttjs.) Motschulsky, Remarques sur sa Collection de Coleopteres Russes, in Bull. Soc. Imp. Mosc. xviii. 54 (1845)*. Thorax plus minusve rotundatus, baud elytra amplectens. Elytra brevissima, humeris prominentibus. Abdomen sine segmentulo anali in utroque sexu. The essential characters of this subgenus are the rounded thorax not embracing the elytra, and the elytra very short and with very prominent shoulders. All the species * Count Motschulsky proposed a new genus under this name for his species B. canescens and for Strongylus 1 tinctus, Mann., taking as his characters the shortness of the elytra and the more globular form of the club of the antennae. The latter character, however, is an error. Neither of the species he mentions has the club of the antennae globular ; on the contrary, it is constructed on the same fashion as in all the rest of the Brachypteridce, forming an elongate club similar to the club of Hercules, and not like a ball or plate on the end of a stick as in most of the other NitidularicE. The club in B. canescens is, no doubt, a little more dilated than in the others, but has still the elongate character of the club of the Brachypteridce. But, although these characters will not suffice to characterize the Section, the division seems good, and sufficiently recognizable from the other characters above given. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 249 described have tlie last article of the labial palpi cylindrico-ovate ; but as the absence of this character alone would not remove them from it, and as it is very possible that in any new species which may be found the palpi may be dilferently formed (seeing that there is some variation in its proportions in other species of JBrachypterus) , I have thought it better not to include it among the above characters. There appears to be no additional anal appendage in either sex in this subgenus. * Thorax subglobose and considerably narrower than the elytra, 21. Brachtpterus qtjadratus. (Plate XXXII. fig. 6.) Creutz. in lUig. Mag. vi. 337 (1807). Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 230 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Faun. XV. 19. taf. 290 (1844). Erichs. Naturg. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 130 (1848). Niger, opacus, cinereo pubescens, confertissime punctatus ; prothorace angustato, postice rotundato. Long. 2 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Austria et Europa meridionali : rarior. Black, opaque, very densely punctate, thickly clothed with grey hairs. Antennae convex, fully as long as the thorax, with the last three articles enlarged, but not into a rounded club. Thorax narrower than the elytra, rather shorter than broad, in front truncate, straight, anterior angles obtuse, rounded at the sides, somewhat narrowed behind, the base strongly rounded. Scutellum elongate, rounded at the apex. Elytra about a third longer than the thorax, together widely emarginate, the shoulders pro- jecting prominently on each side. The fimbriae of the penultimate dorsal segment of the abdomen broad and strongly marked. Legs brownish black. Austria and the south of Europe. 22. Brachtpterus canescens. Motsch. Bull. Soc. Imp. Mosc. xviii. 54 (1845). Affinis JB. quadrato, sed duplo major; prothorace subsexangulari, basi truncato, lateribus rotundatim angulato ; caeteris fere ut in B. quadrato. Long. '2^ lin., lat. \^ lin. Habitat in Armenia et Russia meridionali. There is little difference between this insect and B. quadratm except in size and in the more angular form of the thorax. The sides of the thorax are so much bent in the middle as to make it almost hexagonal ; its base is truncate and narrow, the pos- terior angles obtuse and rounded, the sides obtusely rounded, and the anterior angles, obtuse and rounded. Prom South and Eastern Europe, extending into Asia. ** Thorax transverse, scarcely narrower than the elytra. 23. Brachtpterus tinctus. (Plate XXXII. fig. 8.) Strongylus} tinctus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843, p. 255. Oblongus, convexus, subopacus, crebre punctatus, cinereo pubescens, niger, elytris nigris vel obscure rubro-ferrugineis, cum lateribus, basi et sutura nigris ; prothorace 250 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. basi utrinquo ol)li(![uc sinuato, angulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris thorace parum longioribus, humeris prominontibus ; antcnnis pedibusque ferragineis. Long. 2^ lin., lat. lin. Habitat in California. Oblong-square-shaped, more particularly the elytra, convex, thickly punctate, clothed with cinereous pubescence; black, or sometimes with the elytra more or less reddish brown, the sides, the base, and the suture around the scutellum being black. Antennae with the club not very thick. The thorax with the base extending back in the middle like a broad lobe and obliquely sinuate on each side, disk sinuate behind on each side of the lobe, sides straight behind and narrowed in front, the angles rounded. The posterior lobe is more developed in some specimens than in others, and gives a different aspect to the insect according to whether it is closely applied to the base of the elytra or separate and with the head and thorax bent down. Scutellum small. The elytra only a little longer than the thorax, shoulders prominent. The penultimate dorsal segment of the abdomen with very distinct fimbriae. Pygidium large, sinuate, and acuminate. Antennae and legs ferruginous. Prom North-west America — apparently found all along the coast from Sitka, whence it was first received by Mannerheim, to San Prancisco in California, Mr. Hepburn having sent me specimens from that neighbourhood. Pirst made known by Mannerheim, who referred the species to the genus Strongylus with doubt, — as he says, from not being acquainted with the genera Brachypeplus, Colo- pterus (Erichson's first published name for Colastus : see Wiegmann's Archiv, 1842), or CillcBus, to some one of which he seemed to think it might be referred, he retained it under Dejean's large genus Strongylus as most likely to cover it. I have seen a typical specimen from Mannerheim himself in Professor Boheman's collection, which enables me to allot it with certainty to its proper place. 24. Brachtpteetjs ferrtjgatus. Br. tincto affinis. Dilfert clava antennarum minus dilatata, elytris parum brevioribus, creberrime punctatis, minus nitidis. Totus ferrugineus, interdum partibus obscurior. Long. 2^ lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Oregon. Allied to B. tinctus, but distinct. The antennae are almost without a club, the last three articles being only a very little and gradually thickened, the whole having a monili- form appearance. Elytra rather shorter than in B. tinctus. It is wholly ferruginous, but specimens occur with the head and thorax and the vicinity of the scutellum dark. The punctuation is very close and deep, and the whole surface is clothed with a light flaxen-coloured long pubescence. Pound in Oregon by Mr. Jeffrey, the collector sent out in 1850 by the Edinburgh " Oregon Botanical Association " to collect plants and seeds in British Columbia, Oregon, and California. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 251 {Genus meertce sedis.) Genus Calonecrtjs. Thomson, Arch. Ent. i. 117 (1857). AnteniiEe undecimarticulatae, duobus ultimis articuhs liberis, vel conglutinatis*. Caput liberum, sine sulcis antennariis. Oculi modici, haud basin capitis attingentes. Epistoma porrectum. Labrum emarginatum. Maxillae forsan bilobse, lobis conglutinatis. Ligula paraglossis vel alls raembranaceis, ovatis, biplicatis. Elytra haud striata. Abdomen supra segmento ultimo solum exposito, fceminis ? anali segmento auctum ; primo et ultimo segmento longioribus et aequalibus, caeteris modicis et aequalibus ; fimbriis vix visis. Body elongate. Head free, without antennal grooves ; eyes moderately large, not reach- ing to the base of the head. Antennae with the first article elongate, stout, and dilated ; second shorter and smaller; third longer; fourth to eighth small and nearly equal, gradually moniliform and a little broader ; ninth short and broad, and forming the first article of the club, but more of the size and shape of the eighth article in other species of Nitidulari(B ; the rest of the club either composed of two free articles, or apparently composed of only one article, but really of two united. Labrum emarginate. Clypeus distinct. Epistome projecting. Mandibles bidentate ; inner side behind the teeth bearded. Maxillary lobes composed of two consistences — corneous and membranous — the former reaching from the base nearly to the apex, the latter oblique and confined to the apex. It has occurred to me that, as in the last articles of the antennse in the species in which these are united, there may here be two lobes soldered together into one ; it is short, bearded at the apex and on the inner side. Maxillary palpi with the first article small, second very large and dilated, third smaller and shorter, fourth conical or pointed and narrow. Labial palpi with the first article small, the second longer, the third elongate elliptic oval. Ligula scarcely extending beyond the base of the labial palpi, but appa- rently composed of two parts, like a pair of labial lobes ; the membranous lobes of the ligula large, rounded, and apparently double. Mentum with two abruptly projecting teeth. Thorax nearly hexagonal, margined, not equal to the elytra in breadth. Scutel- lum moderate, triangular. Elytra elongate, attenuate at the apex, sides enclosing the abdomen, not margined, not striated. Abdomen above with only the pygidium and the margin of the penultimate segment exposed, and below with the first and last segments largest, the rest moderate and equal. In one of the sexes (supposed to be the female) there is an additional anal segment to the abdomen. Eimbrise scarcely visible from above. Prosternum not very prominent, resting on the mesothorax ; the thorax without axillary pieces. There is a slight eminence in the middle at the posterior part of the metathorax, where it separates towards the trochanters of the posterior legs : from its position, the name of 'umbilical point' suggests itself for this papilla. The coxae of each pair of legs are nearly equally distant from each other. Tarsi dilated. * M. Thomson describes the antennae as being only ten-jointed in his species (C. Wallacei) ; but on careful examination a line of separation can be easily distinguished near the base of the last article, showing that it is com- posed of two articles ; and in a second, very closely allied, species described by Mr. Pascoe under the name of C, rujipesy the separation is complete and normal as in other Nitidularice. 252 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. The li«>'ula and its membranous lobes are of especial interest in this genus. Their form, as 1 made them out, will be seen in Plate XXXII. fig. 9, e. I have only, however, had the opportunity of making one dissection of these, and I have figured what I thought I saw. I have thought it better to do this, even although I should have been mistaken, than to stop inquiry as to this apparently singular structure. It will be seen, from the figure, not only that the ligula appears to be broken into two lobes (which is doubtless the result of fracture from the pressure of the slides between which I had placed it for examination), but that its membranous lobes or wings appear to be double ; and they certainly had a double action or motion. Its food and mode of life may in some measure account for these peculiarities. I believe it will be found that all insects which feed upon the juices of trees or fruits are provided with special organs for lapping it up, such as very much bearded maxillary lobes, &c. The insects of this genus feed upon a very thick sticky resin or juice of about the consistence of turpentine, called " Kruyin" by the Malays in Borneo, which is produced by a species of Dipterocarpm. Mr. Wallace never found them but in this gum : if he took the insects out and placed them near the juice, they immediately made their way back to it, and burrowed into it until they became like flies in amber. He found the greatest difficulty in cleansing them from the gum (indeed, I had noticed that all the specimens which I had seen had gum adhering to them, which I accounted for to myself by supposing they had been carelessly gummed on paper and not cleansed), and the only medium by which he could get it off was oil. The mode of life of this insect being thus peculiar, we need not be surprised if we find some modification of the normal structure in its masticatory organs. No species has puzzled me more, to assign its true position, than the present. My first idea was to place it where I now have ; but on dissecting the mouth I found that it had apparently only one maxillary lobe — a circumstance which compelled me to seek another locale for it ; and it was only when, by a more careful study of the maxillae, I found that their lobes showed indications of being composed of two lobes united together, as was the case with the club of the antennae, that I began to suspect that this might be its true position after all. Like the Brachypteridce, it has no antennal grooves ; lilce most of them, the maxillary palpi have the second article largest and the fourth smallest ; and as in them, one of the sexes has an additional anal segment to the abdomen. The hex- agonal thorax has the commencement of a parallel in Brachyleptus tinctus, and the tex- ture, punctuation, and pubescence are somewhat of the same character in Brachypterus and Calonecrus. When Mr. Pascoe was kind enough to present me with his unique specimen of C. rufipes, I eagerly availed myself of its possession to dissect the mouth, in the hope that as in it those articles of the antennae which were soldered together in C. Wallacei were free, so I might find the maxillary lobes there also separated into two ; I did not find this, however, but merely the same structure as in the other. I have, on the whole, thought this its fittest position ; but I place it with diffidence, and merely provisionally. Cabpophilus. Position and Affinities. — Brachyleptus. Calonecuus. Mystrops. Trimenus. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 253 1. Calonechus Wallacei. (Plate XXXII. fig. 9.) Thomson, Arch. Ent. i. 117. pi. 10. fig. 3 (1857). . Elongatus, supra depressus, subnitidus, punctatus, pubescens, mfo-ruber ; antennis, elytris pedibusque cyaneo-nigris ; thorace basi quam apice latiore ; elytris angulis posticis anguste incisis, bine dente acuto extus retro projiciente. Long. 4-5|-lin., lat.1^-2 lin. Habitat in Sarawak. Elongate, above depressed, somewbat sbining, pubescent, rufous-red. Antennae, elytra, and legs black, or bluisb black. Head Hgbtly punctate. Tborax elongate, sparingly and faintly punctate, shining, narrower than the elytra, with the sides angled in the middle, making it nearly hexagonal, apex straight, base slightly bisinuate, the sides both before and behind the middle angulation strongly sinuate, but less so in the females (?) than in the males, anterior angles obtusely rounded, posterior obtusely right-angled, unequal on the surface, being wavingly depressed both before and behind the middle and on each side. Scutellum punctate. Elytra strongly but not very closely punctate, the punctures deepest towards the suture, widest a little before the middle, shoulders projecting, de- pressed transversely behind the shoulders and scutellum, longitudinally on each side of the suture, on the disk behind the first depression, and transversely at the apex, clothed with a long fine brownish woolly pubescence, thickest upon the shoulders and haunches ; the sides turned in upon the abdomen, and broadest opposite the posterior coxse, slightly margined ; the suture for about two-thirds towards the apex has a well-marked sutural stria ; apex truncate, slightly rounded, exterior apical angles with a narrow notch cut out, causing the outer side to appear like a large tooth projecting backwards, sutural angles rounded. Below finely punctate* and pubescent. Legs punctate. Tarsi short and small. Males (?) smaller, narrower, and with the sides of the thorax more sinuate than in the females, Erom Sarawak. Collected by Mr. "Wallace, as already mentioned, in the thick gum of a species of Dipterocarpus. Mr. Wallace found, in company with this insect, a larva which he (doubtless correctly) refers to this species. A description and figure of it will be given in the chapter to be devoted to the larvae of this family. 2. Calonecrus laticollis. Valde affinis C. Wallacei, thorace planiore et latiore, apice quam basi paulo latiore, lateribus vix sinuatis ; elytris pube cirratis, angulis posticis minus incisis et dente exteriore minus acuto ; rufus, antennis, elytris pedibusque nigris. Long. 4f lin., lat. 2 lin. Habitat in Sarawak. Nearly allied to C. Wallacei. It is duller, broader, and the thorax and elytra are flatter and more depressed. The thorax is nearly hexagonal, but it is a little broader at the apex than at the base, while in C. Wallacei it is decidedly and considerably broader * M. Thomson, in his description, says that the pygidium and underside are smooth (Hsse) ; but in all the species they are decidedly punctate, although less deeply than on the thorax and elytra. VOL. XXIV. 2 L 25t MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NIT1DULARI.E. at tlio base than at tho apex ; the sides also arc scarcely at all sinuate, instead of being, as in G. Wallcwei (more especially in the males), sinuate both before and behind the dilatation in th(5 middle. The elytra, besides Ijcing more depressed, are more dilated and roundcid on the sides, and have tho surface marked l)y inequalities, which are well indi- cated by tufts of long woolly brownish pubescence ; tlicse are separated from each other by transverse depressed spaces, one behind the shoulder, one along the apex, and one between these, interrupted on the disk, and further by an elongated depression alongside the suture, and the basal elevation is further separated by two oblique longitudinal depressions parallel to the sides of the scutellum, but at some distance from them. It is rufous, with the antennae, elytra, and legs black. The basal article of the an- tenna3, however, which is largely developed, has a thick tuft of reddish pubescence on the outer margin, and the last two united articles of the club, instead of being rufous as in the other species, are black, with a tinge of red on the last only. The punctuation on the head and thorax is much fainter than in the other species. The thorax is more equal on its surface ; it has a semicircular depression behind the head, and another con- centric semicircular depression near the base, both with the concave side towards the head. Both the thorax and scutellum are more pubescent than in the other species, and, as already mentioned, the elytra are much more so. The elytra are considerably more thickly and closely punctate, and the excision at the exterior apical angle is more open. In the legs the base of the femora is reddish, and the thighs are not quite so thick as in C. Wallcwei. Collected with the other species by Mr. Wallace in Sarawak. I have only seen one specimen since I detected the differences characteristic of the species, and that was in the collection of Mr. Pry, who has obligingly ceded his specimen to me ; but I have no doubt that many more unrecognized examples of this species must be standing in collec- tions under the name of C. Wallacei, which have been sent home by Mr» Wallace mixed with that species, for I have vague recollections of examples with tufted pubescence on the elytra which did not attract my attention at the time, but which, on examination, will, I think, now be found to belong to this species. 3. Calonecrtjs rufipes. Pascoe, in Journ. of Ent. i. 98 (1861). Valde afiinis C. Wallacei ; minor, minus nitidus, magis punctatus ; antennis clava distincte triarticulata ; thorace lateribus minus angulatis, disco minus impresso ; rufus, elytris nigris, pedibus rufis. Long. 2>\ lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Borneo. A good species, although so much like C. Wallacei, that it might, if not carefully compared with it, be mistaken for a variety of that species. It possesses especial interest from the club of its antennae showing the usual number of articles free, and not the last two united as in the two other species, thus confirming my conclusion that they are 3-jointed in these species. It is smaller than the smallest specimen of C. Wallacei which I have seen. Depressed above, rufous, with the elytra black. The head very thickly punctate. Thorax hexagonal as in C. Wallacei, but the lateral angles not nearly so wide MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 255 lior so angular, much more thickly punctate, subopaque, more equal on the surface of the disk, being without the waving inequalities and depressions upon it ; the sides more strongly margined. Elytra much more thickly punctate, more flat and equal on the surface, black. Legs rufous. Prom Sarawak. Eound by Mr. Wallace, along with the two preceding species, in the gum of a Dipterocarpus. Tribe II. CAEPOPHILID^. Carpophilince, Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 233 (1843). Maxillse mala simplici. Labrum distinctum. Elytra abbreviata. Abdomen segmentis duobus vel tribus ultimis liberis. The most easily seized character of this tribe is the short elytra, leaving two or more segments of the abdomen exposed, — a structure which distinguishes it from all the rest of the family except Brachypteridce ; and from them they are separated by the single lobe of the maxillse. As that, however, is an organ which it requires a dissection of the mouth to discover, some other more easily observed character is desirable ; and an approach to such, although not one which can be laid down as without exception, will be found in the presence of antennal grooves in the CarpopMlidce and their absence in the BrachypterklcB, and in the club of the antennae, which in the BrachypteridcB is gra- dually elongate and approaching to the form of Hercules' s club, while in the CarpopMlidce it is ovate or rounded and abrupt. A large number of this tribe are found upon flowers; others, whose flat depressed form well corresponds with the locality, under bark ; one in bees' nests ; and a good many in decaying fruits. Head with mouth projecting. Antennae inserted on each side at the base of the pro- jecting clypeus, short, with the club large, oval, or round. Antennal grooves usually present, and converging ; they are absent in My strops. Labrum bilobed. The mandibles are strong, and usually terminate in a sharp point, behind which lies a second smaller tooth, and behind that again a slight serration, generally effaced ; but this is not absolutely constant : in Mystrops the mandible has no teeth at all, only a sharp point ; in Cillceus it has numerous teeth ; and the degree of prominence of the second tooth when it is present is very variable. At the base of the exterior of the mandible is a rounded condyle. The maxillse are moderately broad, thin, and furnished with a close comb of hairs on the interior side. The maxillary palpi are variable in form, the terminal article usually largest. The ligula is corneoas in the middle, with transparent lobes on each side, varying in form in the different genera and even in the different species, but usually extending obliquely forwards and outwards in a sort of elliptical wing-shape. The posterior apex of the presternum blunt and obtuse, resting slightly on the meso- sternum. The abdomen is sometimes convex, at others very much depressed. The breadth of the abdominal segments is variable in different genera, the pygidium being the largest: in some genera it has a fimbria, broad at the anterior margin, narrow 2 L 2 256 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. behind; in others it is narrow or scarcely visible. The other dorsal segments are in some genera provided with limbria) ; in others they have them either very small or the suture l)ctween the dorsal and ventral parts of the segments is on the margin. The legs are in most species short and strong ; the tibiai finely pubescent, rather broad at the apex, with strong terminal spines ; the feet short. The tribe embraces four or five distinct forms, besides intermediate passages, all of which may again be broken up into subsections or subgenera. It might almost be a question whether the genus Mystrops should not be erected into a tribe or subtribe by itself, between the BrachypteridcB and the CarpopUlidce, on the strength of its elongate antennee in the males and the absence of antennal grooves ; but its afiinities with the latter tribe seem too great to warrant this. The dorsal segments of the abdomen furnish distinguishing characters by which to separate them, in the first place, into two pretty equal divisions, the one containing Erichson's genera Mystrops, Carpophilus, and Conotelus, and the other Colastus, Bracliy- peplus, and OillcBus. In the first of these divisions the abdomen is somewhat convex, and the pygidium has the fimbrise narrow and more or less parallel to the margin, and often so little visible as to appear absent, as in Carpophilus. In the latter the abdomen is flat, and the pygidium has the fimbriae broader in front, and curving gradually to the posterior margin, as in Colastus. Its absence or presence in the other dorsal segments furnishes a character by which to separate the Colasti from the Brachypepli. Other distinguishing characters enable any species to be easily referred to one or other of these divisions, viz. : — Abdomen much depressed and flat. Exposed dorsal portion of abdomen ^ Late-fimbriata. usually much longer and never shorter than the thorax (about equal in {Colastus, Colastus). FimbricE well marked at least on the pygidium, and, in most Brachypeplus, genera, on all the dorsal abdominal segments. J CillcBus, &c.) Abdomen slightly convex. Exposed dorsal portion of abdomen shorter than Anguste-fimbriata. thorax. Fimbriae either absent or very narrow and subparallel to the I {Carpophilus, margin. j Conotelus, &c.) It matters little in what order these divisions are taken. On the one hand, Mystrops and Carpophilus are nearly related to the Brachypteridce, and, if we look to their con- nexion with them, should come first. On the other, they are (especially through JLaptoncus) not less nearly related to Epurea, the first genus of the following tribe, and, if we look to their relationship with them, should come last. Erichson and Lacordaire have endeavoured to reconcile both affinities by placing Mystrops first, and intercalating the Brachypepli, &c. {Late-fmihriata) between it and Carpophilus. I do not think, however, that Carpophilus should be separated from Mystrops, and I prefer therefore to place both together either at the head of the tribe or at the end. Either arrangement secures a perfectly natural connexion, and accords with the simple sectional characters which I have given above. To adopt Erichson's and Lacordaire' s arrangement would require a, new selection of characters for division, not difficult to find, but more complicated and less easily seized than those I have chosen. My first idea was to lead from Brachypterus, MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 257 through My strops and Carpophilus, to Colastus^ ; but on further consideration I have resolved to place the CarpopUli at the end instead of at the commencement of the tribe. It makes the transition from the BracliypteridcB less natural, but that to Epurea more so, and keeps the arrangement more in accordance with that followed in Lacordaire's ' Histoire des Col6opteres,' which in matters nearly equal is a point of some importance. Section Late-pimbriata. Fimbria on the pygidlum large and distinct, on the other segments scarcely visible. Exposed portion of abdomen about the length of the thorax. Lobes of Hgula large and horn-shaped % * " " * Colastus. FimbriEe present in all the exposed dorsal segments of abdomen. Exposed portion of abdomen much longer than the thorax. Lobes of ligula not large nor horn-shaped. Fimbriae broad and curved Brachypeplus. Fimbriae narrow and subparallel to margin of abdomen Halopeplus. Genus Colastus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 236 (1843). Lacord. Hist, des Coleopt. ii. 294 (1854). Colopterus, Erichs. in Wiegmann's Archiv, i. 149t (1842). p. „ Labrum late bilobum. Ligula alis magnis. Abdomen segmentis primis quatuor brevibus, quinto maximo, sine segmentulo anali in utroque sexu, tribus ultimis expositis. Pygidium fimbriis marginalibus curvatis, antice latis, postice attenuatis ; segmenta caetera fimbriis vix visis. Very flat, depressed, and often broad. Head small and short. Labrum broad and bilobed. Mandibles usually dentate at their extremity. Antennal grooves short and convergent. Antennae short, not much longer than the head ; first article large, second shorter than the third, fourth to eighth short and subequal, ninth to eleventh forming a moderately large oval club. Lobe of the maxillse a little enlarged and rounded at the end, bearded at the point and on the inner margin ; the labial palpi with the last article subsecuriform ; the maxillary palpi with the last article cylindric and elongate. Ligula with remarkable broad horn-shaped mem- branous lobes (PI. XXXIV. figs, le, 2e, & S e) — a peculiar form, which occurs again a long way oflP in Fsilotus, one of the NitidulidcB. Mentum broad, emarginate in front. Thorax broad, emarginate in front, bisinuate at the base, and at least as broad as the elytra. Scutellum rather large, subtriangular. Elytra truncate, leaving the last three segments of the abdomen exposed ; the first four abdominal segments short and equal to each other ; the fifth (pygidium) at least as large as all the rest united, and without any additional anal segment in either sex. Exposed portion of abdomen about as long as the thorax. Pygidium with the fimbrise large and distinct ; on the other segments they * It will be seen that this is the arrangement in the Plates, which were begun to be engraved before I finally resolved to follow the present arrangement. f Erichson changed the name Colopterus, which he first proposed for this genus, to Colastus, on the ground of its being too near to that of Colobopterus, used by Mulsant for a subgenus of the Aphodii. In this I think he was unnecessarily fastidious. The name might very well have stood ; and although I do not propose to revert to it, I see . no objection to making use of it as a subgeneric name for one portion of he genus. 258 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARl^. are very small, and confined to the anterior corners. Anterior tibice in some species distorted in tlie males. The first three articles of the tarsi dilated, clothed with hairs l)clow. Claws simple. ElDOCOLASTUS. FosUion and Affinities.— CABP0j>mi.v8. Colastus. | Brachypeplus. T, ( Hypodbtus. PSILOTUS. Por convenience' sake I propose to divide the genus into two subgenera, containing respectively 1. The species in which the anterior tibiae are distorted in the males— Cyllopodes : and 2. The species in which they are not so distorted — Colastus proper. Subgenus Cyllopodes (club-footed). (See Plates XXXIII. fig. 9, and XXXIV. figs. 1 c*, 1 c**, 1 c***.) Caput latum, declive. Thorax postice quadratus, angulis plus minusve rotundatis. Maribus tibi^ anticse angulatim distortee et thorax elytris plerumque Jatior. Head broad between the eyes, bent down, with the posterior angles rounded. The males have the anterior tibia? angularly bent, and widened and distorted at the apex. In most of the species the males also have the thorax broader than the elytra. 1. Colastus ruptus. (Plate XXXIV. fig. 1 ', sul)(Ioi)rcsso{l, punctate, somcwliat sliining, sparingly testacoo-pubescent, chestnut-brown. Head with a very deep fovea on eacli side, slightly connected together behind the epistome, which is prominent. Thorax piceous chestnut, broader than long, with the disk flat and depressed, faintly transversely impressed, the anterior angles nearly right angles, with the point rounded, the posterior angles obliquely cut off and the points rounded, l)ase straight, truncate ; very finely punctate and more shining than the elytra and scutellum. Scutellum rounded, punctate. Elytra nearly a half longer than the thorax, broader at the base than the base of the thorax, but scarcely broader than its sides, rather thickly punctate, testaceo-rufous, darker near the scutellum and base, the shoulders prominent and paler in colour, another raised larger prominence near the apex of the scutellum, the suture darker in colour, sides sharply rounded immedi- ately behind the shoulder, slightly so afterwards, apex of each elytron obliquely truncate. Abdomen nigro-piceous, pubescent, and punctate. Legs castaneo-piceous. Like C. Gortic'mus in colour, but of a firmer consistency, and readily distinguished from it by the posterior angles of the thorax being obliquely cut off, which is not the case with C. corticinus. It is a question whether it has not more natural atffnity with the section Ecnomorplms, in which the elytra are wider at the base than the thorax, than with this. It may find a place in either ; and in the dichotomous Table of the species given at the end of this genus I have placed it in that section. The coloration on the elytra near the scutellum sometimes varies into two spots darker than the rest. Prom Nicaragua in Mexico. Collected by M. Sall6. 18. Carpophilus ruLviPES. Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 42 (1858). C.fusculus, Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 42 (1858). Oblongus, depressus, postice attenuatus, subtiliter granulatim punctatus, subnitidus, niger vel fusco-niger, ore pedibusque fulvo-testaceis. Long. I3— If lin., lat. -|— | lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Oblong, depressed, narrowed behind, finely punctate, slightly shagreened, somewhat shining, black or blackish brown. Head rounded, with a broad impression on each side in front, finely and equally punctate. Antennae black. Mouth fulvo-testaceous. Thorax transverse, slightly convex, flatfish on the disk, on which is a longitudinal smooth line in front of the scutellum ; sides gently rounded, declinate towards the anterior angles, which are obtuse ; apex scarcely emarginate ; posterior angles almost right angles, very slightly obtuse, and with the margin very slightly reflexed ; base truncate, slightly bi- sinuate. Scutellum triangular, with a slightly raised smooth space on each side, punctate in the middle. Elytra depressed, of the breadth of the thorax, quadrate, slightly nar- rowed behind, impressed behind the scutellum, punctate; sides declinate and slightly rounded, margined and canaliculate; apex obliquely truncate; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural obtuse. Abdomen attenuate, finely punctate. Legs fulvo-testaceous. M. de Motschulsky gives this as one of the types of the subgenus Ecnomorphus^ which he proposes for the reception of those species which are like C. sexpustulatus. I admit that such a subdivision is warranted ; but this species does not belong to it. It has not MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. 353 the characters which he assigns to that section, hut belongs to the section of normal CarpopMli, such as C. Jiemipterus, &c. He figures and describes the anterior tarsi as bearing below long claviform hairs. It does not quite appear whether in this he refers to both sexes or only to the male. He has been speaking previously of the male, and, although the sentence is separated by a semicolon, he may still refer to it. If he refers to both sexes, then I can assure him he is mistaken. I have examined, under high powers, the tarsi of a female which he was kind enough to present to me, and can say with perfect confidence that the hairs under its anterior tarsi in no respect diflPer from the usual form of hairs. The appearance he has figured is so unusual that I cannot help thinking that he has been deceived by some adhesion of gum or other extraneous body. In like manner, his characters drawn from the club of the antennse are due to an acci- dental displacement of the articles from their proper position. (See my remarks upon the characters of the section Ecnomorphus, postea.) M. de Motschulsky has also briefly noticed another species which he considers closely allied to this, and perhaps only a variety. I have not seen it ; but as the only characters he gives to distinguish it from C. fulvipes are that it is smaller, browner, and with the posterior angles of the thorax slightly reflexed — this last being a character which is also found in C fulvipes, — I have been unable to see any ground for constituting it even a variety. Still I should have done so, in deference to the opinion of M. de Motschulsky, had it not been for the doubt which he himself expresses as to its distinctness; for although his descriptions are often insufiicient to warrant his conclusions, I render full justice to the flair entomologique by which he often instinctively separates nearly allied species from each other. Prom Ceylon. 19. Carpophilus planatus. Parvus, subfusiformi-oblongus, depressus, subnitidus, punctatus, griseo subpubescens, niger, ore, antennis pedibusque ferrugineis ; thorace utrinque bi-impresso, angulis omnibus rotundatis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Victoria in Australia. Small, subfusiformly oblong, depressed, somewhat shining, punctate, griseo-subpubes- cent, black. Head very lightly punctate, almost smooth, with a curved impression in front. Mouth and antennse ferruginous. Thorax a half broader than long, narrower in front than behind, on each side towards the posterior angles rather deeply impressed, the disk flat and subimpressed on each side, all the angles rounded, the base as well as the sides distinctly margined ; thickly punctate, the disk a little smoother. Scutellum punctate. Elytra nearly a half longer than the thorax, thickly punctate at the base, scarcely punctate at the apex, griseo-pubescent, especially at the base, the disk depressed and impressed, apex narrowly declinate, truncate scarcely obliquely, sides almost straight and parallel, slightly rounded at the humeral angle, exterior apical angle rounded, sutural angle nearly a right angle. Abdomen, especially pygidium, finely nigro-pubescent, penultimate segment shining. Legs ferruginous. Prom Victoria in Australia. 354i MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE. « Section III. Body elongate and depressed, with the surface of the thorax as if a roller had passed over it ; above the medium size. Texture more or less shining, shagreened. 20. Oabpophilus laceutosus. Punctatus, parum pubescens, niger, elytris purpureo-brunneis ; thorace angulis posticis obtusis, basi bisinuato; elytris alutaceis; pedibus piceis. Long, l^^lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Venezuela. Elongate, subfusiform, thickly but not very deeply punctate. Head bi-impressed on the margin in front. The mandibles and other parts of the mouth piceo-ferruginous. Thorax transverse, and not much narrower in front than behind ; the sides form an equal curve ; the anterior angles are rounded, and the posterior obtuse ; base bisinuate. Scu- tellum black, broadly triangular. Elytra slightly widest behind the middle, once and a half the length of the thorax, finely punctate and pubescent ; apex of each elytron very obliquely truncate. Abdomen somewhat shining, finely punctate. Legs piceous. This sj)ecies has considerable resemblance to C. luguhris in the next section, but it is depressed and flattened on the back, has not the dark pubescence which is on it, and is without the rufous margins of the thorax and the rufous spot on the shoulders of the elytra. It is also narrower, the elytra are purple-brown, and their texture is somewhat leathery. Erom Venezuela and the neighbouring parts of South America. Apparently not rare. 21. Carpophilus puhpuheipennis. C. lacertoso valde afiinis ; paulo major et fortius punctatus ; thorace antice angustiore, margine piceo ; elytris purpureo-nigris, humeris interdum piceis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. I lin. Habitat in Venezuela. This is very near to C. lacertosus, and is possibly only a variety of it. It is a little larger and more deeply punctate (as is usually the case with larger specimens). The thorax is narrower in front and has its margin piceous. The elytra are purplish black ; the shoulders in some instances piceous. Erom Venezuela. 22. Carpophiltjs rtjpitaesis. Oblongo-ovatus, latus, sat depressus, subtiliter crebre punctatus, nitidus, niger, tarsis rufis. Long. 2^ lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Guatemala. Large, oblong-ovate, broad, depressed, faintly thickly punctate, very shining for this group, black. Head bi-impressed at the sides near the eyes in front. Antennae nearly twice the length of the head, slender, basal joints piceous, club elongate conical. Thorax narrower in front than behind, apex slightly emarginate, the sides lightly rounded, the anterior angles rounded, the posterior obtuse, base sinuate near the angles, the middle gently rounded, extending broadly a very little further back than the angles ; disk smooth, broad, and lightly thickly punctate, the punctures coarser towards the sides, and more MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. 355 particularly in a rather deep impression close to the sides a little behind the middle. Scutellum broad, transverse, triangular, more finely punctate than the thorax. Elytra broader at the base than the thorax, longer than the thorax, together broader than long, irregularly faintly punctate, and with some slight depressions here and there on the disk ; shoulders rather prominent, sides strongly margined and deeply canaliculate, rounded, more sharply in front and behind than in the middle ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate; exterior apical angles obtuse, rounded; sutural angles obtuse. Abdomen very faintly thickly punctate. Below thickly punctate. Tarsi rufous. Prom Guatemala. Collected by M. Salle. Section IV, Body more or less elongate, subdepressed, thorax not flat; above the medium size. Texture shagreened, very thickly pubescent, and opaque. Colours black and sombre. 23. Carpophilus ltjgubbis. Subdepressus, subopacus, dense punctatus, griseo pubescens, sordide niger; thorace margine rufescente ; elytris humero obscure ferrugineo ; pedibus piceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in America boreali et in America meridionali. Subdepressed, subopaque, densely punctate, griseo-pubescent, rather dirty-looking black. Head very thickly punctate, with an impression on each side in front. AntennsB piceous, with the club black. Labrum piceous. Thorax slightly convex, a little narrower than the elytra, rather narrower in front than behind, anterior angles obtuse, posterior some- what obtuse and very slightly looking back, the sides turned-in at the angles ; rounded on the sides, which are griseo-pubescent, and somewhat expanded, translucent, and rufescent, especially towards the posterior angles ; margined, the edging of the margins reflexed. Scutellum thickly punctate. Elytra almost a half longer than the thorax, scarcely wider than the thorax at their base, the sides rapidly widened near the base, and then not much more widened afterwards ; sides scarcely rounded, except at the base and the apex, and there only slightly; densely and faintly punctate, black, the shoulders obscurely ferruginous, slightly nigro-pubescent, at the base clothed with a denser gri- seous pubescence ; slightly convex behind, rather flat on the disk ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural obtuse. Abdomen more finely punctate, lightly griseo-pubescent, with the segments margined with piceous. Legs piceous. Easily distinguished from its allies, C. niger and C. lacertosus, by the margin and the posterior angles of the thorax, as well as the shoulders of the elytra, being rufescent. Erom various parts of North and South America, such as Venezuela, Caraccas, Elorida, &c. 24. Cahpophilus brevipennis. Blanchard, in D'Orbigny's Voy. dans I'Amer. Merid. vi. 2. Ins. (1837-43). Subdepressus, opacus, crebre punctatus, pubescens, niger ; thorace fovea majore utrinque prope sed pone medium, foveaque minore utrinque, his exterioribus ; elytris piceo- 356 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. nigris, basi et callo humerali tonuitcr obscure ferrugincis ; ore, antennis (clava fusca cxcepta) pedibusquc ferrugineo-piceis. Long. 2 lin., lat. | lin. Habitat in Pcruvia. Rather large, sub depressed, opaque, densely pubescent and closely punctate, black. Head with a semicircular line between the anterior inner corners of the eyes. Thorax more coarsely punctate than the head, rather broader than long, narrower in front than behind, the sides rounded-in anteriorly, anterior angles rounded, posterior obtuse, depressed on the disk, with a large shallow fovea on each side of and a little behind the middle, exterior to that a smaller and shallower depression, and close to and along the slightly raised margin another depression about one-third from the front, and another narrow de- pressed line or gutter near the posterior angles, base bisinuate, posterior angles pointing backwards. Elytra rather wider than thorax, piceous black, with the humeral callus and the base narrowly obscurely ferruginous ; exterior apical angle rounded. Mouth, base of antennae, and legs ferrugineo-piceous. From Peru. In the collection of the Jardin des Plantes. 25. Cahpophilus nigee. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 263 (1843). Cercus niger, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. iii. 195. 2. Latus, parum opacus, subdepressus, niger, griseo pubescens, punctatus ; thorace lateri- bus minus rotundatis, margine irregulari fere serrate, repando, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris disco et pone humeros impressis.^ Long. 2-2f lin., lat. 1-1;^ lin. Habitat in America boreali. Broad, subdepressed, black, nearly opaque. Antennse piceous, the club black. Labrum piceous. Head thickly punctate, impressed on each side in front. Thorax a little nar- rower than the elytra, narrowed in front, rounded on the sides, very closely strongly punctate, behind lightly bi-impressed on each side, with the disk black, the sides griseo- pubescent, the lateral margin rufescent, reflexed, slightly expanded, and the edge irre- gular, almost faintly serrate; both anterior and posterior angles obtusely rounded. Scutellum thickly punctate. Elytra almost a half longer than the thorax, densely and faintly punctate, slenderly ni»ro-pubescent, clothed at the base with a thicker griseous pubescence. Abdomen faintly punctate, slightly griseo-pubescent, with the segments margined with piceous. Legs piceous. This species may be distinguished from C. lacertosus by its greater size, and by the sides of the thorax being less declinate and less rounded, and by its margins being piceous and translucent. It is distinguished from C. Ittgubris by its posterior angles being gently obtuse ; from C. rufimanus, to which it approaches nearest in point of size, by its coarser punctuation and pubescence ; and from both G. luguhris and C. hrevvpennis by its non-ferruginous shoulders. The coarse punctuation on the thorax makes its edges almost serrate. There is a small metathoracic axillary piece, which is smoother than the neighbouring surface, and slightly punctate in the centre. Erom North America, where it appears to be 'pretty extensively distributed. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITlDULARIvE. 357 26. Carpophilus Triton. Affinis C. nig7''o ; grandis, oblongo-ovatus, subdepressus, subopacus, crebre granulose punc- tatus, griseo pubescens, nigro-fuscus ; antennis, ore, thoracis lateribus pedibusque rufescentibus, thoracis margine fere lasvi. Long. 2| lin., lat. 1^ lin. Habitat in Sunggari. Nearly allied to C. niger. Large, subdepressed, sloping slightly to ep-ch side as from a longitudinal ridge in the line of the suture, oblong-ovate, subopaque, thickly granu- losely punctate, griseo-pubescent, brownish black. Head deeply bi-impressed in front ; antennae, mandibles, and other parts of the mouth rufescent, club of the antenuce darker. Thorax transverse, nearly twice as broad as long, narrower in front than behind, unequal, the sides in the middle nearly straight, and turning in with a short curve to the posterior angles, in front of which is a marginal depression, and with a larger and more gentle curve to the anterior angles ; rather expanded, rufescent, and with a marginal channel (widest at the posterior angles) formed by the raised edging of the margin; edge of margin almost smooth, very slightly irregular towards the anterior angles, which are obtuse ; apex emarginate, the emargination curved ; posterior angles obtuse ; base sub- sinuate, with a curved depression from nearly the middle of the base to the front of the posterior angles ; disk raised, and somewhat irregularly depressed in the middle, the sides sloping from the disk. Scutellum transverse, rounded. Elytra a half longer than the thorax, at the base wider than the thorax, slightly widened about the middle, sides rounded and margined, shoulders prominent and with a slight tendency to rufescence, and a slight elevation behind obliquely towards the suture ; apex of each elytron truncate obliquely, margin of the apex rufescent. Exposed portion of the abdomen fully longer than the thorax, margins of the segments rufescent ; the surface more finely punctate and pubescent than the rest, assuming a more finely shagreened appearance. Legs rufescent. This species is very closely allied to the C. niger of North America. It is larger, fuscous instead of deep black, with the margins of the thorax, antennse, and legs rufescent. In C. niger the sides of the thorax are straighter, more parallel, and less rounded-in at the posterior angles. It is the Asiatic representative of that species, and perhaps scarcely entitled to a place as a distinct species. Erom Sunggari. I owe this species to M. Obert, of St. Petersburg, from whom I have received many interesting species from the interior of Siberia. Fig. 95. Section V. Body broad and convex, and with the thorax separately convex. The fimbriae usually more developed than in most of the other species. Colours black and sombre. 27. Carpophilus Morio (Klug). C. nigerrimus (Dup.). Latus, depressus, niger, subopacus, crebre punctatus, breviter nigro pubescens ; thorace convexo, disco postice depresso, linea brevi longitudinali Isevi ante scutellum, an- gulis anticis rotundatis ; elytris planis, lateribus rotundatis. Long. 2^ Hn., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Madagascaria. VOL. XXIV. 3 ^ 358 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. Broad, depressed, blaek, densely punctate, rather dull, with short black pubescence. Head with a semicircular lino drawn between the anterior margins of the eyes ; antennae black. Thorax nearly twice as broad 'as long, widest before the middle, sides somewhat parallel until about a third from the front, when the anterior angle is rounded in, making the thorax a good deal narrower in front than behind, convex in front, flat on the pos- terior part of the disk, the posterior half of which is surrounded by an oblique curved impression, and on this flat circular space is a slight, smooth longitudinal line in front of the scutellum; sides with a distinct, raised, reflexed margin; base sinuato-truncate ; anterior angles rounded, posterior angles obtuse and slightly turned back, Scutellum transversely triangular, with a narrow shining margin. Elytra flat, not raised towards the suture, duller and more pubescent and a little longer than the thorax, humeral angles not rounded, but terminating in a point, sides deeply margined; apex very obliquely truncate, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural apical angles obtuse. Abdo- men with the penultimate segment more shining and less punctate on the disk than on the sides. Underside coarsely punctate and with a griseous pubescence. Legs slightly piceous. This species might have a place in the previous section, for it is somewhat depressed and elongate, and not unlike C. niger, but smaller and shorter. It is, however, still more nearly allied to the convex broad species, and therefore I have put it at their head, indi- cating its affinity to the previous section while retaining it in this. From Madagascar. 28. Carpophilus funereus. C. Morioni affinis ; sat convexus, fortiter punctatus, dense pubescens, opacus, niger ; thorace antice angustiore, angulis anticis obtusis, haud rotundatis ; pedibus piceis. Long. If lin., lat. 1^ lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Moderately convex, very deeply and thickly punctate, densely pubescent, opaque, black. Head very slightly bi-impressed in front ; antennae black. Thorax narrowed in front, widest behind the middle, sides deeply margined, gently rounded, curved rapidly in at the posterior angles, which are obtuse and slightly turned back ; anterior angles obtuse, not rounded ; base deeply bisinuate ; there is no dorsal line on the disk. Scutellum transverse, subpentangular, finely punctate. Elytra about once and a half the length of the thorax, with the sides deeply margined, especially towards the base, and declinate ; when viewed from the side they are seen to be widest immediately behind the shoulder ; truncation of apex moderately oblique. Abdomen finely punctate and pubescent. Legs piceous ; tarsi rufous. This species is similar to C. 3Iorio, but is easily distinguished by the thorax being widest behind the middle instead of before the middle, and by its anterior angles being simply obtuse instead of rounded. The punctuation is very close and fine, giving it a dull, opaque, and soml)re appearance. Pound by Mr. Templeton or Colonel Champion in the island of Ceylon, and now in the collection of the University of Oxford. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. 359 29. Carpophilus tristis. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 264 (1843). C. nigro paulo brevior et magis depressus, latus, niger, opacus, nigro pubescens ; thoracis margine lato, repando ; eljtris alutaceis ; pedibus piceis. Long. If lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Brasilia. Black, opaque, nigro-pubescent. Anteiinse black, with the base piceous. Head closely punctate. Thorax of the breadth of the elytra, slightly rounded on the sides, densely and rather deeply punctate, equal, with a broad refiexed lateral margin faintly expanded ; anterior angles pointed, obtuse ; posterior angles obtuse at the very angle ; base truncate, not sinuate. Scutelluni thickly punctate. Elytra a half longer than the thorax, leathery in appearance, faintly punctulate. Abdomen faintly punctate. Legs piceous. The leathery texture of the elytra furnishes a good character for distinguishing this from any allied species that are likely to be confounded with it. Prom Brazil. 30. Carpophiltjs tectus. C. Morioni affinis ; latus, fusiformis, subconvexus, subnitidus, crebre punctatus, parce et breviter nigro pubescens, niger, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis ; thorace elytris- que utrinque leviter obliquantibus ut tectis. Long. 2 lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Borneo et Singapore. Like C. Morio. Broadly fusiform, subconvex, very sHghtly shining, thickly punctate, sparingly clothed with a short black pubescence. Black ; antennse rufo-testaceous, club darker. Head slightly punctate, very slightly bifoveolate on each side of the base of the epistome, which is punctate ; mouth piceous. Thorax somewhat convex, with a tendency to a ridge behind, which culminates in a smooth narrow longitudinal line in front of the scutellum ; sides gently rounded, widest immediately before the posterior angles, which are obtuse and slightly looking back, slightly margined; anterior angles obtusely rounded ; apex slightly emarginate, base bisinuate, middle more produced than the sides. Scutellum transversely pentagonal, declinate in front, punctate, smooth at the apex. Elytra usually highest at the suture, each elytron sloping a little from it, sides straightly declinate, rounded, margined and canaliculate ; thickly punctate and pubescent, smoother towards the suture ; the humeral angles not rounded, but terminating in an obtuse point ; exterior apical angles rounded, apex obliquely truncate ; sutural angles slightly obtuse. Abdomen very finely punctate and pubescent. Below punctate and pubescent. Legs rufo-testaceous. Collected by Mr. Wallace at Sarawak and Singapore. 31. Carpophilus plavipes. a tecto affinis ; minor, convexus, crebre et fortiter punctatus, nigro pubescens, sub- opacus, niger, antennarum basi testaceo-picea, pedibus flavo-testaceis. Long, li lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Celebes et Singapore. 3 A 2 360 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. Allied to C. teciiis. Smaller, convex, thickly punctate, nigro-pubescent, somewhat opaque, black, with the legs testaceous yellow. Head scarcely impressed in front, with the mouth and the base of the antennse testaceo-piceous. Thorax very convex, very coarsely punctate and slightly pubescent, and with a small fovea on each side of the middle near the scutellum, and a larger one more towards the posterior angles ; narrower in front than behind, with the sides rounded, but seen from above nearly parallel for its posterior half, with the remainder in front rounded; the apex scarcely emarginate, anterior angles slightly obtuse, posterior angles more so, base bisinuate. Scutellum pentagonal, punctate towards the base. Elytra very convex, punctate, but not so coarsely or thickly as the thorax, more pubescent, sides rounded, shoulders prominent, apex of each elytron truncate obliquely, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Abdomen convex. Body not so coarsely punctate below as above. Legs flavo-testaceous. This is very near to C. tectus ; but its smaller size, greater convexity, and the thorax less produced behind induce me to treat it as a distinct species. From Singapore, and Macassar in Celebes. Collected by Mr. Wallace. 32. Carpophilus variolosus. Convexus, late ovatus, subopacus, confertissime punctatus, nigro pubescens ; niger, anten- nis piceis, clava fusca, tarsis piceis ; capite, thorace elytrisque variolose punctatis. Long. If lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Sarawak. Convex, broad-ovate, subopaque, thickly punctate, nigro-pubescent, black. Head thickly variolosely punctate, largely, rather deeply, and obliquely impressed on each side in front. Antennse nearly twice the length of the head, piceous, with the club fuscous ; club broad, much compressed. Thorax transverse, convex, sides rounded slightly for the posterior two-thirds, considerably for the anterior third ; apex emarginate, emargination round ; anterior angles declining, nearly right angles, posterior angles very obtuse ; base truncate, very slightly sinuate towards the angles ; very coarsely and thickly punctate, the punctures variolose, giving the surface a more than usually shagreened appearance ; the convexity of the thorax regular and without impressions ; the pubescence scarce and brownish black. Scutellum rounded, finely punctate and pubescent. Elytra convex, scarcely broader at the base than the thorax, wider in the middle, sides rounded and margined, humeral angle pointed, shoulder placed a little back, exterior apical angle rounded, sutural very slightly obtuse ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; rather thickly punctate and pubescent. Abdomen finely punctate and pubescent. Below punc- tate. Legs black, tarsi piceous. The variolose and coarse punctuation is a ready character for distinguishing this species. When examined under the microscope the punctures are seen to be variolose, or flat at the bottom like a rain-drop on sand. This pitting, however, is not visible with an ordinary lens, either in this species or in any other species where it occurs ; it requires a higher power to make it visible. Prom Sarawak. Collected by Mr. Wallace. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULART^. 361 33. Carpophilus obesus. Convexus, oblongo-ovatus, grossus, parum nitidus, punctatus, niger, anten- narum basi picea ; thorace valde convexo, marginato, margine canali- culate ; elytris convexis, pone hnmeros impressis, lateribus marginatis et profunde canaliculatis. Long. If lin., lat. |-li lin. Habitat in insulis Aru et Dorey in Nova Guinea. Convex, large and obese-looking, oblong-ovate, somewhat shining, punc- tate, black, and nigro-pubescent. Antennge with the base piceous. Head with a more or less distinct semicircular depression at the base of the epistome, and a slight fovea at each end of it, finely and rather thickly punctate. Thorax transverse, very convex, not much narrower in front than behind, when viewed from above with the sides nearly straight, but actually rounded, widest behind, margined ; anterior angles rounded, posterior obtuse, apex scarcely emarginate ; thickly punctate, more faintly on the disk, rather coarsely towards the sides ; base bisinuate, the middle broad, slightly raised, and reaching further back than the sides, with a smooth narrow dorsal line extending a short distance forward in front of the scutellum, and a rounded depression on each side from the base to the sides, Scutellum rather large, rounded, finely punctate at the base, apical margin smooth. Elytra longer than the thorax, not quite so long as head and thorax, convex, with a large depression behind the shoulders, which are rather prominent ; sides rounded, widest in the middle, margined, deeply canaliculate, apex obliquely truncate, exterior apical angle rounded, sutural obtuse. Pygidium convex, faintly punctate, and with longish pubescence. Pimbrige distinct. Prom the Aru Islands, and the island of Dorey, New Guinea. From Mr. Wallace. The specimens from the island of Dorey, one of the New Guinea Islands, are less con- vex and a little less punctate than the specimens from the Aru Islands. 34. Carpophilus puncticbps. Oblongo-ovalis, convexus, subnitidus, punctatus, breviter et parce nigro pubescens, niger ; thorace rotundato et convexo ; elytris convexis, sutura leviter elevata, utrinque prope suturam impressione longitudinali subparallela medio latiore instructa. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Calabaria antiqua in Africa occidentali. Oblong-oval, convex, somewhat shining, punctate, sparingly clothed with short black pubescence, black. Head strongly and densely punctate, the epistome less punctate; antennae black. Thorax rotundate and convex, strongly punctate, the disk more sparingly so, with a faint dorsal posterior raised line, the sides rounded, all the angles obtuse, the base bisinuate. Scutellum broad, rounded. Elytra lightly punctate, convex, with the suture slightly raised, and on each side with a subparallel longitudinal impression broadest in the middle ; the sides rounded, rather deeply margined, the apex of each elytron rounded, the sutural apical angles obtuse, the exterior apical angles rounded. Pygidium convex, very faintly punctate. Legs piceous. Erom Old Calabar. I have received a pair of this species from the Eev. W. C. Thomson. 3G2 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARm. 35. Carpopuilus IIoffmanseggii. C. obeso valde afiinis ; thoracis elytrorumquc marginibus minus rcflexis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Madagascaria ? Very closely allied to C. obesus ; may be distinguished by the margins of the thorax and elytra being less reflexed. There are two specimens of this insect in the Berlin Museum. But my detailed description and note of the locality has fallen aside ; I have a vague impression that it is from Madagascar. Section VI. Body convex and fusiform. Texture so closely punctate as to appear shagreened. Elytra with paler spots or markings. 36. Caepophilus hemipterus. (Plate XXXII. fig. 10.) Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. iii. 50. 1 (1830). Shuck. Brit. Col. Delin. 25. 229, pi. 30. fig. 6 (1840). Eriehs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 256. 4 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Ins. xv. 36. 1, taf. 292. fig. a, A (1844). Erichs. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 135. 2 (1848). Dermestes hemipterus, Linn., Degeer. Nitidula flexuosa, Payk., Herbst. Nitidula bimaculata, Oliv., Gyll., Schonh. Nitidula dimidiata, Fab. Nitidula cadaverina. Fab. Stenus Ficus, Fab. Var. A. Nitidula quadrat a, Fab. Cateretes pictus}, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 413 (1841). Cateretes dimidiatus, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 413 (1841). Niger, pubescens, prothoracis lateribus pedibusque ferrugineis ; elytris apice lato sinuato et macula humerali luteis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Var. A. Puscus, elytris testaceis, plaga scutellari fusca. Habitat ubique. Convex, black or brown, slightly shining, and densely clothed with griseous pubes- cence, especially on the sides of the thorax and abdomen. Antennae reddish yellow, with the club fuscous. Head small, deeply punctate, the mouth testaceous, underside piceous. The thorax is at its base of the breadth of the elytra, narrower in front, little rounded on the sides, before and behind almost straight, truncate, all the angles appa- rently rounded, but on closer examination the anterior angles are obtuse and declinate, and the posterior angles obtuse ; moderately convex, densely punctate. Scutellum rather large, punctate. Elytra a little longer than the thorax, deeply, and in the middle almost rugosely, punctate ; the whole apex and a spot at the shoulder testaceous. Abdomen finely punctate. Legs reddish yellow. This species is spread over the whole world, and exhibits considerable variation in the colouring and the particular proportions and even form of some of the parts, but never MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. 363 SO much so as to alter the general effect. Por example, the following variations occur in the form, with intermediate degrees of each, viz. : — 1. The posterior angles of the thorax nearly right angles. 2. The posterior angles of the thorax nearly rounded. 3. The posterior angles of the thorax obliquely cut off. In colour, again, it varies as much, the variations, however, being all referable to greater or less intensity of colouring. Before I had seen so large a series of specimens from all parts of the world as I now have, I was disposed to make several species, in which var. 1 would have represented the usual European form, var. 2 a form from South America, var. 3 from the Piji Islands ; but a more extended examination showed me that all these varieties are to be found in the specimens from any one place, and are therefore not to be regarded, 37. Carpophilus 4-signatus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 257 (1843). Statura omnino C. bipustulati ; subdepressus, confertissime punctatus, niger, antennarum basi pedibusque piceis, elytris maculis duabus testaceis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Europa meridionali et Asia. Of the form of C. bipustulatus, black, throughout cinereo-pubescent ; antennae black, with the base piceous. Head densely punctate. Thorax slightly narrowed in front, slightly rounded on the sides, very convex and less faintly punctate in the middle, somewhat rugulose towards the sides, subimpressed on each side behind. Scutellum thickly punctate. Elytra a little longer than the thorax, very thickly punctate, with two testaceous spots, the one minute on the shoulder, the other larger near the suture before the apex. Abdomen densely and faintly punctate, with the .last segment smooth towards the apex ; the ventral segments margined with piceous. Legs piceous, with the knees and tarsi rufous. Pound in Sicily, Smyrna, &c. 38. Carpophilus ligatus (Motsch.). (C vittatus, Motsch.) Oblongo-ovatus, subnitidus, punctatus, niger ; elytris fuscis, vitta oblonga testacea prope apicem et suturam ; antennis pedibusque ferrugineis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Oblong-ovate, somewhat shining, punctate, black ; elytra fuscous, with an elongate tes- taceous patch near the suture and apex. Head closely punctate, depressed in the middle in front, distinctly impressed on each side by a slender, short transverse line. Thorax narrower in front, with the sides slightly rounded ; the anterior and posterior angles obtusely rounded ; punctate, more deeply towards the sides, rather deeply impressed on each side behind ; the base slightly margined, as well as the sides. Scutellum transversely subpentagonal. Elytra subdepressed, of the length of the thorax, more lightly punctate MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOfJRAPII OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. than the thorax; the slioulders not very prominent, fuscous, with an oblong quadrangular patoli near the scutellum and near tlie apex, the sides somewhat declinatc, rounded and margined. The exposed segments of the abdomen large and very lightly punctate. An- tennae ferruginous, with the club fuscous. Legs ferruginous. Sometimes the testaceous part of the elytra encroaches upon the brown, so that they are wholly testaceous with merely a brown vitta reaching from the shoulder to the apex. Erom Ceylon and other parts of the East Indies. 89. Carpophilus bifenestratus. ^. ^„ Fig. 99. C. bisignato similis, sed minor, crebrius et fortius punctatus et convexior ; tho- race magis quadrato ; elytris singulis macula rufa, latere exteriore angu- lari, versus suturam et scutellum obliqua. Long. 1^ lin., lat. lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Smaller and more convex than C. hisignatns of Boheman, more closely and deeply punctate. Thorax more quadrate, the anterior angles obtuse, the posterior rounded, base somewhat rounded. Each elytron with a red spot, angular on the outer side, oblique on the inner side. The woodcuts here given are only intended to show the form and position of the red spot ; in other respects they have no pretensions to accuracy. Erom Ceylon. 40. Carpophilus biguttatus (King) (Erichs.). Ips sanguineofasciata (Dup.) (Dej. Cat. 134, 1837). Carpophilus bilunatus (Cat. Mus. Jard. PI.). Valde af&nis C. bisignato; angustior, minus convexus, prsesertim thorace ; Fig. 100. elytris lateribus magis parallelis, macula rufa magis antrorsum posita et paulo transversa; pedibus rufo-ferrugineis. Long. 1:^-1-^ lin., lat. i-l lin. Habitat in Madagascar. Nearly allied to C. bisiguatus of Boheman. Narrower, not so convex, more especially the thorax. The pubescence short and feeble both on thorax and elytra. Elytra with the sides more parallel, not more pubescent than the thorax, with the red spot more in front and somewhat transverse. Legs rufo-ferruginous. Erom Madagascar. 41. CARPOPHILrS bipustulatus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 258 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Ins. xv. 39, taf. 292. fig. p, P. (1844). Erichs. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 136 (1848). Ips bipustulata, Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 416 (1841). Niger, pubescens, antennis medio pedibusque ferrugineis, elytris macula media rufa obliqua. Long. 1| lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Europa meridionali. Fig. 101. Fig. 102. L J ( o 0 C. hipustu- C. bipustu- latus. latus, var. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 365 About the size and appearance of C. hemipterus ; somewhat more depressed, black, feebly shining, thinly clothed with fine grey pubescence, more thickly on the sides. Antennae red, with the first article piceous brown and the club black. Head small, sparsely and finely punctate, the epistome separated from the forehead by a somewhat rounded impres- sion. Thorax behind of about the breadth of the elytra, and there about a third broader than long, considerably narrower in front, feebly rounded on the sides, in front and behind straight, truncate, all the angles somewhat rounded ; sparsely and finely punctate on the disk, more thickly and somewhat rugosely on the sides, with a shallow round depression on each side behind at some distance from the posterior angles. Scutellum thickly and finely punctate at the base, and with thick pubescence. Elytra a little longer and more pubescent than the thorax, thickly punctate, the shoulders, which are somewhat pro- jecting, and the apical margin very finely punctate, with fine black pubescence, the outer margin with two rows of fine greyish hairs ; each elytron with a yellowish reddish spot with grey pubescence, the shoulders brownish. Abdomen not very thickly punctate, the pubescence in the middle of the segments fine and black, on the sides and at the point thicker and grey. Legs red ; the thighs somewhat darker. This species is rather narrower and more elongate than C. hemipterus. The elytra are without a humeral spot, although the colour is sometimes a little lighter at the shoulder, and the medial spot is somewhat oval and obliquely directed to the shoulder. There is a variety which has the red spot reduced to a mere point, as shown in fig. 102. Prom Austria, Sardinia, and other parts of the south of Europe. 42. Carpophilus bisignatus. Bohem. Ins. Caffr. i. 563 (1848). ^'ig- ^^3. Affinis C. Upustulato ; angustior, subovatus, sat latus et modice convexus, niger, tenuiter cinereo pubescens ; capite et thorace confertim punctu- latis ; elytris crebre rugoso-punctatis, rugis obsolete longitudinalibus, singulis prope sed paulo pone medium macula sat mama rufa fere , T 1 IT -, -ZV^o^e.— Outline of rotunda paulo obliqua ex adverso scutelli ; pedibus piceis. Long, figure not exact. I^lin In^- 2.1- T^ese cuts are X3 J-iu.., idL. 3 im. merelymeanttoshow TTi-,,. r^ ry • tvt l the position and form Habitat in Laftrana, Natalia, &c. of the red spot. Allied to C. bipustulatus ; narrower, subovate, rather broad and moderately convex, thickly punctate, finely cinereo-pubescent, black, with a red patch on each elytron. Head with a transverse faint line uniting two transverse fovese immediately behind the epistome. Thorax with the disk less coarsely punctate than the sides, with a deep and more coarsely punctate fovea on each side a short space in front of the posterior angles, narrower in front than behind, with the posterior two-thirds of the margin nearly parallel, but with a slight sinuation corresponding to the deep fovea ; a small fovea at the ante- rior margin on each side behind the sides of the head, anterior margin scarcely emargi- nate, posterior sinuato-truncate ; both anterior and posterior angles obtuse, the lateral margins with a narrow raised edge somewhat roughened by the coarse punctuation. Elytra flattened, sloping obliquely from the suture, less coarsely punctate than thorax, a little widest behind the middle, thickly rugosely punctate, the punctures obsoletely VOL. XXIV. 3 3 366 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. longitudinal ; cacli elytron with a rather large suhrhomhoidal ohliquo sjjot in the middle near the suture, with its lateral margins both straight, the posterior margin extending from its sutural angle obliquely forwards and outwards, and the anterior margin rounded. Legs piceous. Prom Oaffraria, Natal, &c. 43. Carpophilus binotatus (Mus. BeroL). Elongatus, subfusiformis, subdepressus, confertissime punctatus, cano pubescens, fere opacus, niger ; elytris singulis macula sat magna rufa, antennarum basi pedibusque piceis, tarsis piceo-ferrugineis. Long. 1^ lin,, lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Sierra Leone. At first sight suggesting more af&nity with the section to which C. dimidiatus belongs (subgenus Myothorax) than to this ; but a careful examination shows that it is only a very elongate and depressed form, belonging to the same section as C. hemipterus. Elongate, subfusiform, subdepressed, nearly opaque, very closely punctate, with a hoary pubescence, black, with a red spot on each elytron. Head impressed on each side in front. Antennae piceous, with the club dusky. Thorax subquadrate, broader than long, slightly narrower in front than behind, sides very slightly rounded and margined, anterior angles slightly declinate, obtuse, posterior obtusely rounded, base nearly straight. Scutellum rounded at the apex. Elytra scarcely so much as a half longer than the thorax, about as broad as the base of the thorax, sides slightly declinate and rounded when viewed from the side, apex very slightly obliquely truncate ; each elytron with a red patch occupying a large part of the middle, its inner side near the suture, at first parallel to it, after- wards extending obliquely outwards in front, its posterior margin extending somewhat in a curve obliquely forwards, its outer edge rounded, and the anterior portion oblique ; sometimes the red has extended so far along the suture as to make the whole patch somewhat like a rounded triangle or broad cone with its base applied against the suture. Abdomen rather long. Legs piceous, tarsi piceo-ferruginous. Prom Sierra Leone. In the British and Berlin Museums, &c. Section VIL Body convex and fusiform. Texture so closely punctate as to appear shagreened. Elytra without paler spots or markings. 44. Carpophilus Bakewellii. Elongato-ovatus, subdepressus, niger, rugoso-punctatus, subopacus, fusco pubescens; thorace angulis posticis oblique truncatis, fovea utrinque pube cinerea vestita ; an- tennis pedibusque piceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Victoria in Australia. Elongate-ovate, subdepressed, thickly punctate, the punctures flat and pitted, clothed with a fuscous pubescence, griseous in parts in certain lights, scarcely shining, except on the segments of the abdomen. Mouth and antennae piceous; club darker. Head rather broad, with a faint curved line, deeper at each side behind the epistome. Thorax transverse, slightly convex, but somewhat flat on the disk behind, narrowest in front ; MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 367 apex truncate, nearly straight ; sides with a rather deep canaliculation within the margin, very gently rounded, most so towards the front, declinate and almost inflexed at the anterior angles, which are obtuse; posterior angles obliquely truncate at the point, anterior corner of this truncation rounded, posterior not, base trisinuate and margined ; there is a depression on each side of the disk rugosely punctate, in which a lighter pubes- cence than that on the rest of the surface lies, pointing towards the sides, and only visible when looked at from the side. Scutellum broadly triangular, Mdth the apex rounded. Elytra not a great deal longer than the thorax, flat on the back ; sides slightly widened and rounded a Httle behind the shoulder, and narrowed and rounded-in again near the apex, canaliculated within the margin, deepest below the shoulders, which without being high are distinct ; there is a depression within the shoulders, and another longitudinal depression on each side of the suture, and the base of the suture itself is depressed ; very coarsely punctate at the base, more lightly towards the apex, and clothed with a longish dark fuscous pubescence, which is thick towards the base, sparing towards the apex; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate; exterior apical angles obtusely rounded. Abdomen somewhat shining above, segments more punctate and pubescent behind than in front. Underside rather thickly punctate. Legs deep ferrugineo- piceous. Prom the flattening of the disk and back of the elytra this might perhaps appear more properly placed in the third section, but it is in other respects convex,, and is among its natural allies here. !From Melbourne. I have received specimens from Mr. MacLeay, which are now placed in the British Museum. There are also specimens in the Oxford Museum and in that of Mr. Bakewell, to whom I have dedicated it. 45. Carpophiltjs dolens. Parvus, ovatus, parum depressus, subnitidus, creberrime leviter punctatus, nigex, pedibus rufo-piceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Senegallia ? Somewhat of the form of C. Bakewellii, but smaller, more depressed, and black. Small,, ovate, somewhat depressed, slightly shining, thickly punctate, the punctures somewhat flat and pitted. The head rather deeply impressed on each side in front. Thorax some- what narrowed in front, bi-impressed and coarsely punctate on each side behind, very finely punctate, base bisinuate, anterior angles obtusely rounded, posterior angles nearly right-angled, with the point rounded. Scutellum very faintly and sparingly punctate. Elytra more opaque than the thorax, subrugosely punctate, depressed, shoulders not prominent, sides declinate, slightly margined and rounded, disk somewhat flat, slightly impressed near the suture, near the shoulder, and on the sides ;, exterior apical angles rounded, apex obliquely truncate. Abdomen with the two exposed segments large and broad, finely punctate. Legs rufo-piceous. Supposed to be from Senegal. Described from a single specimen now in the British Museum. 368 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 4iG. Oarpopiiilus semceus. Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 41 (1858). Dcpressus, opacus, punctatus, castaneus, pube longa grisea sericea vestitus. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in India orientali. Said by Count de Motsohulsky to be similar in form to C. marginellus ; larger and more depressed, opaque, punctate, clothed with a longish cinereous silky pubescence ; elytra chestnut-coloured, abdomen and underside black. Antennae rufo-piceous ; club blackish. Thorax less strongly punctate than the elytra. Elytra short, depressed, and somewhat quadrate, with the sides a little rounded, margined, the margin canaliculate towards the base, not so towards the apex, which is slightly obliquely truncate, very finely punctate. Underside of prothorax rather strongly punctate. Legs rufo-piceous. Prom the East Indies. Count de Motschulsky sent me a specimen, but unfortunately its head and thorax were lost on the way — an accident which prevents me saying more upon them than is contained in M. de Motschulsky's own description. The fragment, such as it is, is in the British Museum. 47. Carpophilus obsolettjs. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 259 (1843). Carpophilus cribellatus, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1858, p. 41. C. hemiptero paulo minor et magis depressus, confertissime punctatus, nitidulus, parcius cinereo pubescens ; niger, pedibus testaceis ; elytris lateribus rugulosis, nigro-fuscis, macula humerali obsoleta picea. Long. 1^ lin. Habitat in Taprobana, India orientali, Siam, Aden, et insulis Philippinis. Var. C. STRiGiPENNis, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1858, p. 41. Niger et plerumque minor. Long. 1-1^^ lin. Habitat in Taprobana et Siam. Somewhat smaller and more depressed than 0. hemipterus, black, somewhat shining, sparingly cinereo-pubescent. Antennae ferruginous. Head densely and rather deeply punctate, obsoletely impressed on each side in front. Thorax of the breadth of the elytra, scarcely narrower in front, very thickly and somewhat strongly punctate, rugulose towards the sides, with a fovea near the posterior angles; anterior angles obtusely rounded; posterior angles nearly rectangular, but with the point broadly rounded; pubescence directed from the sides towards the middle and slightly backwards. Scutellum trans- verse, subpentagonal, apical angles rounded, faintly punctate at the base, smooth at the apex. Elytra a little longer than the thorax, very thickly punctate, towards the sides finely rugulose, nigro-fuscous, with a minute obsolete piceous humeral spot. Abdomen thickly punctate, with the segments margined with piceous ; pygidium subacuminate at the apex. Legs testaceous. The species described by M. de Motschulsky under the name C. strigipennis is only a slightly darker and smaller variety. Erom Ceylon, East Indies, Siam, &c. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 369 48. Carpophiltjs chaltbetjs. Subfusiformis, convexus, chalceo-piceo-niger, subnitidus, crebre punctatus, sericeo pubes- cens. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Sunggaria. Var. CAN us {obscurus, Motsch.). Niger, baud cbalybeo tinctus. ■ , Habitat in Dauria. Subfusiform, nearly as much attenuated before as behind, convex, greenish-brassy piceous black, somewhat shining, clothed with a longish silky hoary pubescence, thickly punctate, punctures round and cupped. Head with the epistome slightly marked off from the rest of the head. Antennae nigro-piceous, with the club dusky black. Thorax narrower in front than behind, apex not emarginate, sides gently rounded, anterior angles very little obtuse, slightly reflexed at the tip, posterior angles obtuse, rounded, base bisinuate, middle further back than the sides : the pubescence and the punctuation combine to give the surface a velvety appearance, the pubescence pointing inwards and backwards to a point on the median line a little before the scutellum. Scutellum transverse, some- what pentagonal, apical angles rounded, very pubescent. Elytra a little longer than the thorax, and a little broader than it at the base, rather convex, slightly depressed behind the shoulders, which are rather prominent and rounded, sides very slightly rounded, declinate, widest a little behind the shoulder, with a longitudinal line running down along the side beyond the shoulder ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Abdomen with the exposed segments large, and about equal in length ; fimbriae scarcely observable. Legs black ; tarsi nigro- piceous. Trom Sunggari. I owe this species to M. Obert, of St. Petersburg. The non-seruginous variety is from Dauria, and was sent to me by M. de Motschulsky. 49. Carpophilus cribratus. Parum convexus, oblongus, subfusiformis, opacus, fortiter punctatissimus, griseo pubes- cens ; niger, ore, antennis pedibusque rufls ; thorace lateribus postice subsinuatis, angulis posticis subacutis et retro projicientibus. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Patria ignota. Slightly convex, subfusiform, opaque, strongly and very thickly punctate, griseo- pubescent, black. Head punctate, impressed in front; the mouth and antennae rufous, except the club, which is fuscous. Thorax subquadrate, the anterior angles obtuse, declinate, almost inflexed, the sides straight, except near the apex, where they are rounded in, apex straight, subsinuate behind the middle, causing the posterior angles to appear acute and a little like a curved tooth projecting backwards and outwards ; before the scutellum with a short, slightly raised dorsal line; the base truncate, sinuate on each side towards the angles. Scutellum and base of the elytra declining to the base of the thorax. Elytra with the sides straight until behind the middle, when they become nar- 370 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. rower ; margins . of the sides deelinatc, moderately rounded, and edged ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; exterior apical angles broadly rounded. Legs rufous. A very distinct species ; readily distinguished by its coarse punctuation and by the posterior angles of the thorax projecting backwards. Habitat unknown. A single specimen in the collection of Herr Dohrn, of Stettin. 50. Carpophilus pustjs. Elongatus, fusiformis et antice et postice fere sequaliter attenuatus, sat convexus, niger, punctatus, nigro pubescens ; prothorace versus basin longitudinaliter utrinque bi- impresso ; tarsis rufo-piceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in insula Dorey prope Novam Guineara. Elongate, fusiform, nearly as much attenuated in front as behind, rather convex, black, punctate, sparingly nigro-pubescent. Head with a slight transverse impression, and a small fovea on each side of it behind the epistome. Thorax broader than long, about as broad as the length of the head and thorax, narrower in front than behind ; sides some- what parallel for the posterior two-thirds, thence gently rounded to the apex, which is nearly straight ; anterior angles much declinate, obtuse, with the point rounded ; pos- terior angles nearly right angles, slightly obtuse and blunt ; disk longitudinally convex, with a depression close to and all along the side, and another longitudinal depression within that, proceeding from the base and disappearing about haKway forward, these depressions more deeply and thickly punctate than the rest of the surface ; base slightly bisinuate. Scutellum depressed at the base, rounded at the apex. Elytra about equal in length (at the suture) to the thorax, disk flat, sides nearly parallel, deeply declinate and slightly inflexed, the margin rounded, widest a little behind the shoulder ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Ab- domen with the two exposed segments long (about the length of the elytra), finely punctate and pubescent. Underside punctate. Legs with the tarsi rufo-piceous. Pound by Mr. Wallace in the island of Dorey, one of the New Guinea Islands, and in the island of Morty, north of Gilolo. Species mihi invisa. The following species probably belongs to this or the preceding section ; but as I have not seen it, and the description is insufficient, I merely reproduce M. Lucas's description. 51. Carpophilus immaculatus. Lucas, Explor. Scient. de PAlg^r. Zool. ii. 218 (1849). " Ater, capite granario punctatoque ; thorace subtilissime marginato ; scutello elytrisque fortiter punctatis, sparsim flavo-testaceo pilosis; segmentis abdominis supra sub- tilissime punctulatis, corpore infra sat fortiter punctato ; pedibus fusco-rufescentibus tarsisque ferrugineis. " Habitat in Oran in Algeria." Black. Head subrugosely punctate. Thorax very faintly margined. Scutellum and MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIJ5. 371 elytra strongly punctate and sparsely clothed with a testaceous-yellow pile. Abdomen with the exposed segments very finely punctate, the body below rather strongly punctate. Legs rufescent-fuscous ; tarsi ferruginous. From Oran in Algeria. Section VIII. Body very convex and colours bright. 52. Carpophilus melanopterus. (Plate XXXII. fig. 11.) Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 262 (1843). Subovatus, obesus, subopacus, convexus, apterus, laete rufus, elytris nigris, opacis, abdo- mine subnitido. Long. l|-2 lin., lat. f-l lin. Habitat in partibus meridionalibus Americee borealis. Generally about twice the size of C. hemipterus, but sometimes no larger, obese, convex, rufous, subopaque, finely punctate. Antennae with the club black. Head finely punc- tate, subimpressed on each side in front. Thorax convex, very thickly finely punctate, subrugulose, gently narrowed in front, truncate at the apex, subsinuate on each side at the base, with the sides slightly rounded, acutely margined ; anterior angles obtuse, pos- terior angles rounded. Scutellum triangular, closely punctate. Elytra convex, a little longer than the thorax, finely punctate, black or bluish black, opaque, with the shoulders and the apex sometimes subrufescent, apex obliquely truncate; sutural angles obtuse, exterior apical angles rounded. Abdomen very thickly punctate. Legs testaceous. Erom South Carolina, Mexico, &c. 53. Carpophilus Rurus. Sat magnus, parum convexus, aurantiaco-rufus, subopacus, creberrime leviter punctatus, breviter rufo pubescens; thorace angulis posticis abrupte incurvatis. Long. 2 lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Mexico. Large, rather broad and slightly convex, above orange-red ; the abdomen a little darker and somewhat piceous, below wholly piceo-ferruginous, closely and very finely punctate, subopaque, with a close, short, concolorous pubescence. Head with two im- pressions in front between the eyes. Thorax nearly twice as broad as long, wider behind than in front; sides for the anterior four-fifths sloping gradually to the apex, for the posterior fifth incurved rapidly and abruptly to the posterior angles, making these angles appear as if cut oflF, but the real angle is further in towards the base ; apex not emargi- nate, anterior angles slightly obtuse, posterior angles excessively obtuse and slightly reflexed at the tip, disk somewhat flat in the middle. Scutellum rounded at the apex. Elytra a little wider than the thorax, not much longer than broad, not much declinate towards the margin, the inflexed portion on the underside rather wide, widest behind the shoulder ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; disk impressed near the scutellum and near the shoulder. Abdomen more coarsely and sparingly punctate; pygidium longer than penultimate segment. Erom Mexico. In the collection in the Jardin des Plantes. 372 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIJE. 64. CAiiropniLus pallipennis (ploiialis, Erichs.). Cercus pallipennis, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. iii. 194 (1823). Carpophilus floralis, Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 2G1 (1843). Var. Carpjophilus cams (Erichs.). Subovatus, convexus, niger, dense punctatus, griseo pubescens ; antennis testaceis, elytris peclibusque testaceis vel rufo fuscis. Long. 1| lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Arkansas prope monies rupestres et in Mexico. Subovate, short, convex, densely punctate, griseo-pubescent, black, with the elytra tes- taceous or reddish brown. Antennse testaceous, with the club black. Labrum rufous. Head very thickly punctate, bifoveolate in front. Thorax transverse, gently narrowed in front, truncate at the apex, with the sides and all the angles rounded, convex, very thickly and rather deeply punctate, with the back behind and on each side obliquely impressed. Scutellum very thickly punctate. Elytra almost a half longer than the thorax, very thickly and rather deeply punctate, apex obliquely truncate, truncation somewhat rounded ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Abdomen closely punc- tate. Legs testaceous or reddish brown. Dr. Schaum had in his collection a dark specimen of this species, standing under the name of C. canus, Erichs., which he has been good enough to cede to me for the British Museum. Erom Mexico, Arkansas, and other parts of North America. Section IX. (Subgenus Myothobax [fivwv, a muscular part ; auddoopa^, thorax).) Body subcylindrically convex, oblong. Thorax subquadrate (see fig. 105). 55. Carpophilus maculatus. Oblongus, convexus, leviter et parce punctatus, griseo pubescens, subnitidus, nigro- fuscus ; elytris ferrugineo obscure maculatis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in insula Oahu. Oblong, convex, lightly and sparingly punctate, griseo-pubescent, nigro-fuscous. Head punctate and pubescent, scarcely impressed in front, the vertex behind with a transverse obscure ferruginous mark. Antennae obscurely ferruginous. Thorax of the same breadth before as behind, convex, transversely subquadrate ; the sides deeply declinate, nearly straight, slightly rounded in front and behind, most rounded behind ; anterior angles nearly right angles, with the point rounded, posterior angles rounded ; apex somewhat bisinuate, base truncate ; very finely and sparingly punctate on the disk, more coarsely punctate and more pubescent towards the sides ; sides of thorax when looked at from the side wider than sides of elytra, when looked at from above apparently nearly equal in breadth. Scutellum nigro-piceous, punctate. Elytra rounded-in at the shoulder, seen from the side slightly rounded, widest behind the shoulder ; the sides, seen from above, nearly parallel ; apex of each elytron truncate a little obliquely ; exterior apical angle nearly a right angle, rounded ; sutural angles almost right angles ; finely and sparingly punctate, dark chestnut, somewhat dull, with a ferruginous patch along the base covering the shoulder, another near the suture about its middle, and another near the outer margin MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULART^. 373 a little further back. Abdomen tbickly griseo-pubescent and punctate, margins of the segments narrowly rufescent. Legs obscurely ferruginous. Prom Oahu. 56. Carpophilus vittiger. CarpopMlus biguttatus}, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1858, p. 43. Elongatus, subopacus, punctatus, cano valde pubescens ; nigro-fuscus, ore, capite basi elytrisque basi et vitta a basi usque pone medium obscure rufo-testaceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in India orientali et insulis Waigiou, Aru, Morty, Dorey, &c. Var. ROBusTus. Thorace magno, magis punctato, elytris baud breviore. Habitat in Waigiou. Var. NiGRiTus. Totus niger, capitis basi et interdum elytrorum basi exceptis. Habitat in insula Waigiou, prope Novam Guineam. Var. TESTACEus. Totus testaceus. Habitat in insula Waigiou, prope Novam Guineam. Var. LiMBALis. Testaceus, elytris limbo angusto apicali nigro. Habitat in insula Dorey. Var. DiLUTus. Testaceus, elytris basi et vitta suturali dilutioribus. Habitat in Macassar. Elongate, narrow, subopaque, punctate, boary pubescent, the pubescence, when not rubbed, long and woolly, nigro-fuscous. Head obscure fuscous, its base and the mouth and antennae rufo-testaceous, mandibles darker at the apex. Thorax subquadrate, a little narrower before than behind, wholly fuscous, rather smooth, sparsely and lightly punc- tate, with the base as well as the sides lightly margined, the anterior angles almost right angles, the posterior rounded : a doubtful dorsal line behind ; it is broader, par- ticularly in front, in some individuals than in others — in some instances so much so as to be broader before than behind — probably a sexual character. Scutellum fuscous. Elytra of the breadth of the thorax and continuous with it, longer than the thorax, with the sides subparallel, lightly margined, with the apex very slightly obliquely truncate; fuscous, the base and a rather broad stripe extending from the base to behind the middle, parallel to the suture, obscurely rufo-testaceous, the suture itself fuscous. The last two segments of the abdomen long, punctate posteriorly, almost impunctate in front, and the pygidium flat and conical. Legs rufo-testaceous. This is a most variable species, and if we had only one or two of the extreme forms, it would unquestionably have figured as two or three species at least ; but as I have been furnished with a large series by Mr. Wallace, I have been enabled to arrive at a more correct conclusion. The varieties differ not only in colour, but in the development of the thorax and the comparative length of the thorax and elytra. These pass, by such trifling degrees, from one to the other, that no doubt as to their being mere varieties can exist. VOL. XXIV. 3 c 374 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. Were the various forms peculiar to different islands, I might have separated them ; but it is not so, the different varieties are found in the same island as well as in the other islands : one is entirely hlack ; another is entirely testaceous ; another is testaceous^ with a hlack edging to the apex of the elytra, in some instances narrow, in others broad ; and another is testaceous, with the usual vitta paler or whitish. Prom the East Indies, Borneo, and the Malayan Archipelago. Collected by Mr. Wal- lace at Macassar, also in the island of Waigiou, near New Guinea, and in the islands of Dorey, Aru, Morty, &c. Count de Motschulsky, in mentioning the species which he included in his proposed subgenus Ecnomorphus (of which C. sexpustulatus was to be the type), says, — " A third species from the Indian continent is the Ecnomorphus higuttatus, Motsch., which singu- larly resembles E. sexjmstulatus not only in its form and in its coloration, but is distin- guished from it by its thorax being larger and more square, not at all rounded on the sides, nor narrowed behind, by the base of the abdomen being of a testaceous brown, and by the elytra having only a testaceous spot in the middle." The characters here given are wholly inconsistent with any atfinity with C. sexpustulatus ; and as I find that M. de Motschulsky made a similar error with regard to his C.fulvipes, of which he has had the kindness to send me specimens, I have come to the conclusion that his E. higut- tatus may possibly be one of the varieties of this species, which is the only East Indian species I know of which comes near it in colour. 57. Cahpophilus oculatus. Affinis C. maculato ; major, magis nitidus, saturate castaneus vel ferrugineo-niger ; capite postice, ore, antennis thoracisque angulis anticis ferrugineis ; elytris ferru- gineis, apice, sutura et macula rotundata in medio nigris ; abdomine nigro-piceo, lateribus ferrugineis ; pectore * nigro-piceo ; pedibus ferrugineis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in insula Borabora. Nearly allied to Q. maculatus ; larger, more shining, less pubescent ; dark chestnut- coloured or ferruginous black. Head very finely punctate, with the mouth and the back of the head ferruginous ; antennae ferruginous. Thorax subquadrangular, longer than in, C, maculatus, more shining, very finely punctate, most thickly so on the sides, which are subparallel, very slightly rounded, and very much declinate ; anterior angles obtuse and rounded, posterior angles rounded, base slightly sinuate; disk dark chestnut, anterior angles with an adjoining portion of the apex and sides ferruginous. Scutellum triangular,: dark chestnut, finely punctate. Elytra longer and more parallel than in C. maculatus, a little wider behind the middle, not rounded-in at the shoulder as in that species, rather faintly granulosely punctate ; dark ferruginous, with the apex and the suture black or nigro-piceous (the apex black for about a fourth of the length of the elytra, the suture narrowly black) ; the remaining ferruginous disk on each elytron has a large black spot in the middle, which spreads to the side so as almost to reach it ; sides deeply margined,, apex of each elytron obliquely truncate, sutural angles obtuse, exterior apical angles MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 375 obtuse, rounded on the outside. Abdomen piceous black, with the sides ferruginous, very finely punctate and pubescent. Breast nigro-piceous. Legs ferruginous. Erom Borabora. A unicate in the Museum at Copenhagen ; collected on the voyage of the Danish frigate ' Galathea.' 58. Carpophilus mutabilis. Fairm. Essai sur les Coleopteres de la Polynesie, in Rev. et Mag. de Zool. June 1849, p. 26. Parum depressus, punctatus, elytris prothorace sesqui longioribus ; colore variabili : brunneus,prothoracis lateribus et elytrorum macula arcuata rufis ; interdum testaceus, prothoracis disco et elytrorum macula brunneis. Long. 1-1^ lin. Habitat in Tahiti. Elongate, slightly depressed, thickly punctate, with a silky pubescence. The thorax more finely punctate than the elytra, with the angles rounded, and sometimes with a scarcely perceptible line in the middle. Elytra once and a half as long as the thorax, truncate. The colour is very variable : in young individuals it is rather bright testa- ceous, with the disk of the thorax and a spot upon each elytron brownish ; afterwards, by transition, the colour becomes reddish, with the disk of the thorax, a spot in the middle of the elytra, and the extremity brown ; the normal colour is brownish black, with the circumference of the head, that of the thorax, an arched blotch on each elytron, the abdomen, and the legs of an obscure sanguineous red. In one variety there remains nothing of red but the posterior part of the head and a narrow transverse band at the base of the elytra. Very common all the year round at Tahiti in all kinds of decaying fruits, but more particularly in oranges and citrons. M. Eairmaire says that this species is allied to C. ohsoletus, Erichs., but differs from it by its longer elytra, less depressed body, and differently disposed coloration. Erom his description, however, it seems more allied to the preceding species or to C. vittiger ; but as I have not seen it, and it does not entirely agree with either, I can only reproduce it, leaving it to be hereafter determined whether it is distinct or not. 59. Caupophilus pumattjs. Bohem. Ins. Caffr. i. 564 (1848). Subovatus, modice convexus, piceus, parum nitidus, einereo pubescens ; antennis pedi- busque rufo-testaceis ; capite prothoraceque subtiliter crebre punctulatis; elytris rufo-testaceis, evidenter crebre rugoso-punctatis, apice infuscatis. Long. 1\ lin., lat. I lin. Habitat in CafFraria. Equal in size to C. hemipterus. Head above somewhat convex, piceous, a little shining, slenderly pubescent, finely thickly punctulate. Antennae short, rufo-testaceous, with the club fuscous and rounded. Thorax scarcely a haK shorter than broad, piceous, above moderately convex, finely thickly punctulate, slenderly cinereo-pubescent, in front gently 3c2 376 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. cmarginato, 'anterior angles obtuse, sides immediately behind the apex moderately, then a very little more widely rounded, behind subtruncate, with the posterior angles obtuse. Scutellum short, broad, subtriangular, piceous, subopaque, finely thickly punctulate. Elytra a half longer than the thorax and not broader than its base, finely thickly rugosely punctate, slenderly cinereo-pubescent, truncate in front, the shoulders a little raised, subangular ; the sides slightly margined, at the middle a little more widened and rounded, with the apex of each obliquely truncate, the exterior angles obtuse ; moderately convex, rufo-testaceous, slightly shining, with the apex more or less infuscate. Body piceous, slightly shining, finely thickly punctulate, slightly cinereo-pubescent. Legs rufo- testaceous, obsoletely punctulate, sparingly pubescent. Exceedingly close to C. mutilatus ; probably only a variety. Its thorax is more qua- drate and pubescence finer. In other respects there is little perceptible difference. Erom Caffraria. 60. Carpophilus austealis. C.fumato afS.nis, major et elongatior; oblongo-ovalis, punctatus, subpubescens, pal- lide castaneus, elytris dilutioribus, sutura et spatio scutellari brunneis, abdomine saturatiore, ore pedibusque testaceis, mandibulorum apice piceis. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Victoria in Australia. Similar in appearance to C. fmnatus ; larger and more elongate, and with the thorax narrower in front. Oblong-oval, punctate, subpubescent, pale chestnut-coloured, with the elytra paler and the suture and scutellar space brunneous, the abdomen darker, the mouth and legs testaceous, the apex of the mandibles piceous. Thorax narrowed in front, sides subparaUel, scarcely rounded except towards the anterior angles, where they are rounded in. In other respects as in C.fumatus. Most readily distinguished from its congeners by its thorax being more narrowed in front, the sides sloping straight to the slightly rounded anterior angles. It has, in fact, considerable affinity with the section in which I have placed C. hemipterus. Erom Melbourne in Australia. 61. Cahpophilus angustatus. Parallelus, angustatus, sat convexus, niger, opacus, pubescens, rugose punctatus ; thorace subquadrato, angulis rotundatis ; elytris callo humerali obsolete ferrugineo ; antennis pedibusque ferrugineo-piceis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Var. Totus fuscus, griseo pubescens. Habitat in Madagascaria. Elongate, parallel, narrow, rather convex, black, opaque, pubescent, ^nd rugosely punctate. Head with a shallow depression on each side between the eyes. Thorax sub- quadrate, slightly narrower in front than behind, all the angles rounded, a depression towards the posterior angles. Elytra rather convex, the humeral caUus showing an MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 377 indication of dark ferruginous ) the penultimate segment of the abdomen above showing a tendency to a paler margin. Antennae and legs ferrugineo-piceous. Prom Madagascar. Among the specimens from Madagascar in the collection of the Jardin des Plantes is one wholly fuscous and with a light griseous pubescence. It is a trifle narrower than the typical example of this species, but I can see no other difference, and I have therefore recorded it as a variety. 62. Carpophilus ochhopterus (Klug). C. quadraticollis, Mus, Jard. PI. C. lividus, Dej. Cat. p. 134. Elongatus, subconvexus, crebre punctatus, ferrugineo-fuscus, subtus ferrugi- neus, thorace supra nigro vel fusco, lateribus et elytris dilutioribus ; tho- race quadrato, fere latiore antice quam postice. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Var. Totus ferruginous. Habitat in Madagascaria et CafFraria. Subcylindric, elongate, subconvex, ferrugineo-fuscous, thorax sometimes fuscous or black, darkest on the disk ; the elytra paler, sometimes yellowish, and palest on the disk ; densely punctate and with short pubescence. Head convex, with a triangular smooth space (of which the apex is pointed backwards) immediately behind the labrum. Thorax large and square, if anything a little wider before than behind, with the sides and anterior angles steeply declinate; disk less coarsely punctate than the rest; a short smooth line in front of the scutellum ; sides and base narrowly margined, apex scarcely margined, a shallow depression towards the posterior angle ; anterior angles obtuse, posterior angles rounded. Scutellum smooth and impunctate. Elytra scarcely longer than the thorax, very slightly longer than broad, margins edged and exteriorly broadly inflexed, less coarsely punctate than the thorax, apex obliquely truncate. Abdomen densely punctate. There is considerable variation in the size and colour of this species. The thorax is in some instances wholly testaceous, in others wholly fuscous, and agam testaceous with the disk fuscous. It has very much of the character of C. mutilatus, but is twice its size. It is still nearer to C. luridus, but is more coarsely punctate. I am not quite satisfied that it is really distinct from it, but place it so until we obtain more information and additional materials. Erom Madagascar, Natal, and Caflfraria. 63. Carpophilus luridtjs. (Dej. Cat. 134, ed. 1837-) C.ochroptero et C.mutilato intermedins; hoc sesqui major, interdum rufo-ferrugineus, interdum ferruginous, cum thoracis disco et corpore subtus fusco vel nigro, antennis pedibusque ferrugineis ; C. mutilato magis punctatus ; thorace quadrato, fere latiore antice quam postice. Long. 1| lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Europa, America boreali, America meridionali, India orientali &c. 378 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE. Subcylindric, oblong, very coarsely punctate, testaceo-rufo-pubescent, rufo -ferruginous or ferruginous, with the disk of the thorax and the abdomen and body below fuscous. Head with the epistome rounded. Thorax with the sides declinate, the anterior angles somewhat right-angled, the posterior broadly rounded, the sides and base margined. Scutellum rounded at the apex, somewhat fuscous, finely punctate. Elytra with the sides gently rounded and margined ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate. Legs rufous. From Europe, North America, South America, East Indies, Ceylon, &c. I have received this insect from Ceylon, mixed up with (7, mutilatus, and I am almost inclined to think that they may be varieties of the same species. The only difference that I can see, besides size and stronger punctuation, is that the thorax is more quadrate than in C. mutilatus. In this species the squareness is more marked ; but it will be seen from my remarks upon C. vittiger that this may perhaps be a sexual character — at any rate a variable one. The specific name proposed for G. ocliro'pterus in the Museum of the Jardin des Plantes {C. quadraticollis) would have been better applied to this. 64. Carpophilus mutilatus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 258 (1843). Nitidula hemiptera, Fab. Ent. Syst. i. 1. 261 (1792). Nitidula pallens} , Blanch, in d'Orbigny, Voy. dans I'Amer. Merid. vi. 2. Ins. 64 (1837-43). Carpophilus mutilatus, WoU. Ins. Mad. 116 (1854). Subcylindrico-oblongus, rufo-ferrugineus, pubescens, crebre subtiliter punctatus ; thorace subquadrato ; elytris thorace vix longioribus ; abdomine infra colore saturatiore. Long. If lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Europa meridionali, in Madera, in India orientali, in India occidental!, in Australia &c. Subcylindric-oblong, sparsely clothed with a rather long pale testaceous pubescence, densely and finely punctate, not shining, flavo-testaceous or rufo-ferruginous. Head punctate, with longer pubescence than that on the thorax : the usual impressions on each side in front are either absent or very slight. Thorax convex, large, subquadrate, rather strongly punctate, the punctures variolose, the pubescence all directed to a point imme- diately in front of the scutellum; sides declinate, angles all obtusely rounded, apex and base nearly straight, truncate ; the disk usually somewhat darker than the sides. Scutellum also darker, moderate in size, rounded, nearly impunctate, a few faint small punctures only at its base. Elytra scarcely (perhaps a very little) longer than the thorax, not wider than the thorax, shoulders distinct, but not very prominent, sides straight when seen from above, declinate and slightly rounded, margin distinct ; testaceous, paler than the thorax, near the scutellum and along the apex slightly darker than the rest of the elytra, finely and not very closely punctate, punctuation becoming thicker towards the suture, pubescence long; the apex declinate, each elytron truncate obliquely, exterior apical angles obtusely rounded, sutural angles obtuse, right angles at the very point. Abdomen above rufo-ferruginous, with a tinge of fuscous i underside and legs rather darker. Legs robust. I am inclined to think, from M. Blanchard's description and the examination of a MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITlDULARIiE. 379 mutilated fragment of the type in the Museum of the Jardin des Plantes, that his Nitidula pallens belongs to this species. This species is now found in most countries to which commerce has penetrated. Its original habitat is supposed to be the West Indies. 65. Carpophiltjs dimidiatus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 259 (1843). Nitidula dimidiata, Fab. Ent. Syst. i. 1. 261. 27 (1792) ; Syst. EI. i. 354. 36 (1792). Carpophilus pusillus, Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. iii. 51. 2 (1830) ; Manual, 122. 975 (1839). C. auripilosus, WoU. Ins. Mad. 117 (1854). C. cephalotes (Mus. Berol.). C. mutilato valde affinis, minor : subcylindrico-oblongus, fuscus, testaceus, testaceo-rufus, rufo-ferrugineus, testaceo-fuscus, piceus vel nigro-piceus, elytris interdum partibus dilutioribus ; dense et fortiter punctatus, pubescens ut in C. mutilato ; thorace qua- drato ; elytris thorace longioribus. Long. 1-1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Europa, America boreali, India occidentali, Madera, India orientali, Australia &c. Very closely allied to C. mutilatus, from which I feel scarcely warranted in separating it. It is smaller, and decidedly more coarsely and deeply punctate; more especially the variolose punctuations on the head and thorax are larger and deeper. It is propor- tionally shorter and broader. The thorax has the anterior angles squarer (more high- shouldered as it were), although in some specimens this difference is not so perceptible as in others, there being a slight difference in individuals in this respect. The colour is variable, from dark brown (almost black) to rufo-testaceous. There is usually a pale, oblique, rather broad band on each elytron, running from the shoulder to the suture near the apex, forming together the letter V, so that the scutellum is surrounded with a tri- angular large dark patch, and the pale colour also extends backwards for a short distance along the margin or the base. Traces of this distribution of colour may even be seen in the darkest individuals ; for, after the elytra are wholly black, the pubescence on the space where the V-like band should be is usually more abundant and paler. It is to be remarked that in this family the punctuation generally partakes of the colour of the surface from which it springs. The darker the specimens are, the deeper also is the punctuation. The elytra are proportionally shorter, and not so declinate at the apex as in C. mutilatus. In this species they are usually very little longer than the thorax ; in that species about one-fourth or one-third longer. Found in all parts of the world. A single specimen is recorded by Mr. WoUaston as having been taken in the neigh- bourhood of Funchal, in Madeira. He supposed it to be a distinct species, and named it auripilosus from the pale yellowish pubescence with which it is clothed ; but I do not find the pubescence more golden than is usually the case in C. dimidiatus. The elytra are perhaps a little longer, but not sufficiently so to make it a distinct species. It is a small individual with the least-developed form of thorax (narrowed in front) which is found in this group. In the collection of Mr. Wollaston's Madeiran insects in the British Museum. It has also been found by him in the Canary Isles. 380 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE. This is a most variable species, both as to colour, punctuation, and form of the thorax ; but I have been unable to find more than one species in it. The most confusing cha- racter is the thorax — in some specimens comparatively narrowed in front and not very- convex or large, in others large, broad, wide in front, and very convex. It is possible that these are sexual distinctions, and that the same characters will be found to distin- guish the sexes^ in all this oblong group. A large light-coloured variety stands in the Berlin Museum under the name of C. cephalotes. 66. Caepophilus pallescens. C. dimidiato afiftnis ; multo levius punctatus, pubescentia brevi sequaliter vestitus, tes- taceus, elytrorum apice saturatiore. Long. 1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in insula Waigiou prope Novam Guineam. Allied to and very like C. dimidiatus, but, instead of being somewhat coarsely punc- tate as seen under the lens, its surface is so finely punctate as to be almost imper- ceptible. The pubescence is short and regularly distributed, instead of being, as in C. dimidiatus, all directed to a point in front of the scutellum. The sides of the thorax are much declinate and strongly margined, the posterior angles rounded, and the an- terior angles obtuse. Its colour is testaceous, in some specimens darker on the apex of the elytra and abdomen. In other respects there is little difference between it and C. dimidiatus. Erom the island of Waigiou, near New Guinea. 67. Caupophilus pilosellus. Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1855, p. 41. C. dimidiato valde affinis ; minor, levius punctatus, pube breviore et magis sericea ; thorace antice parum angustiore; scutello minore: capite et thorace dilute cas- taneis, elytris testaceo-piceis, abdomine piceo-nigro, pedibus piceis. Long. 1-1^^ lin,, lat. lin. Habitat in India orientali et in Celebes. Closely allied to C. dimidiatus. Smaller, narrower, and comparativeljr more elongate ; more finely punctate, and with a shorter and more silky pubescence disposed as in that species ; the thorax slightly narrower in front ; the scutellum somewhat smaller. The head and thorax pale chestnut ; the elytra testaceo-piceous ; the abdomen and underside piceous black ; the legs piceous. Erom the East Indies and the island of Celebes. 68. Caupophilits notattjs (Klug). C. dhnidiato similis, elytrorum medio macula obsoleta rufa. Long. 1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Madagascaria. Similar to C. dimidiatus, with an obsolete rufous patch in the iniddle of the elytra. Erom Madagascar. In the Berlin collection. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 381 69. Carpophilus truncatus (Klug). (C. Madagascariensis (Dup.).) C. dimidiato affinis ; parum latior ; niger, punctatus, cinereo pubescens ; thorace fortiter punctato, elytris thorace vix longioribus, pedibus piceis. Long. lin., lat. f lin. Var. Elytris piceis, humeris dilutioribus. Habitat in Madagascaria. Allied to C. dimidiatus ; a little broader and wholly black ; punctate, cinereo-pubescent. Thorax more deeply punctate than the elytra, the punctures variolose, with a short impunctate dorsal line before the scutellum; the posterior angles less obtuse than in C. dimidiatus, almost right angles. Elytra very little longer than the thorax ; the shoulders sometimes paler. Abdomen rather convex. !From Madagascar. 70. Carpophilus nepos. C. dimidiato valde affinis; minor, nigro-fuscus ; elytris thorace longioribus, luteo-tes- taceis, lateribus et apice nigro-fuscis ; abdominis segmentis expositis brevibus. Long. 1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Brasilia. Very like C. dimidiatus. It is smaller ; the two segments of the abdomen which are exposed are shorter than in it ; the elytra about a third longer than the thorax, while in C. dimidiatus they are only very slightly longer ; it is testaceous, with the margins and apex blackish brown. Brazil. In the collection of Professor Boheman. 71. Carpophilus Schiodtei. Parvus, oblongus, parallelus, convexus, subnitidus, punctatus, leviter pubescens, ferru- gineo-piceus ; elytris testaceis, apice anguste piceo-nigro ; subtus ferrugineus. Long, f lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Pulo Milu. Small, oblong, parallel, convex, punctate, somewhat shining and very slightly pubescent, ferrugineo-piceous ; elytra testaceous, with the apex piceous black. Below ferruginous. Head punctate, with an impression on each side at the base of the epistome (which is prominent) ferruginous, with the centre of the forehead piceo-ferruginous. Eyes large ; antennae ferruginous. Thorax transverse, sides declinate, very little rounded at the margin, anterior angles nearly right angles, very little obtuse, the point of the angle not sharp, posterior angles rounded, apex bisinuate, base straight, truncate ; piceo-ferrugi- nous, disk darker than the sides. Scutellum subpentagonal, rounded at the apex, ferru- gineo-piceous, impunctate, except very slightly at the base. Elytra nearly parallel, a little widest past the middle, about a half longer than the thorax, slightly declinate at the sides and somewhat depressed towards the suture, testaceous, with the apex for about a -fifth of the length black; each elytron obliquely truncate at the apex; exterior apical VOL. XXIV. 3 D 382 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NlTIDULARliE. aiif^lcs rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Exposed portion of abdomen short and abruptly attenuate, I'errugineo-piceous. Underside ferruginous. Metatliorax witli tlie epipleura rather wide and bent. Legs testaceo-ferruginous. Prom Pulo Milu. In the Museum at Copenhagen: kindly lent to me for description by Professor Schiodte. 72. Caepophilus cylindricus. Valde angustus, linearis, cylindricus, subopacus, pubescens, leviter parce punctatus, totus flavescens. Long. 1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Very narrow, linear, cylindrical, dull, pubescent, lightly and not thickly punctate, wholly testaceous yellow. Head impressed with a curved line in front ; antennae robust, club large. Thorax elongate, longer than broad, somewhat narrower in front, sides sub- parallel, all the angles rounded, impressed on each side towards the posterior angles, base slightly emarginate in the middle. Scutellum triangular, faintly and sparingly punctate and pubescent. Elytra of the same width as the thorax, nearly a half longer than the thorax, sides declinate and margined, expanded beyond the margin, apex truncate scarcely obliquely, exterior apical angles roanded, sutural a little obtuse. Abdomen pubescent, pygidiuni peaked. Legs robust. Easily recognized by its long thread-like body. It clearly belongs to this section, although at first sight it looks as if its thorax was so long as almost to require another section for it. On measuring it, however, it will be found that this is an ocular deception ; the thorax is actually as broad as long, or nearly so. It therefore comes literally wdthin the section with a quadrate thorax. Prom Ceylon. I owe this interesting species to the special researches of Mr. Nietner undertaken for the purpose of this Monograph. 73. Caupophilus tenuis. C. cylindrico affinis ; minor, minus convexus, minus punctatus, testaceo-brunneus, thorace baud postice impresso, elytris paulo brevioribus. Habitat in Ciiina. Allied to C. cylindricus. Smaller, not so convex, less punctate, testaceous brown ; the thorax not impressed behind ; the sides of the thorax more sloped away to the pos- terior angles, and the anterior angles more rounded, base bisinuate. Elytra a little shorter ; in other respects as in that species. Prom Hongkong. (Subgenus Nrrops {Mtidula, by elision ; and w^p, the eye,— a Nitidula with notable eyes).) Caput latum ; oculis grandibus, fortiter et grosse granulatis. Abdominis segmentis expositis brevibus. Csetera ut in Carpophilo. The distinguishing marks of this subgenus are a broad head with large and coarsely gra- nulated eyes. The exposed dorsal part of the abdomen is short, making the elytra look long. In C. ophthalmicus the mandibles on the right side are pointed, and on the left bidentate. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARliE. 383 74. Carpophilus ophthaxmicus (La Perte). (Plate XXXIIL fig. 8.) Oblongus, sat cylindrico-convexus, subopacus, fermgineo-rufus, griseo pnbescens, punc- tatus ; thorace transversim oblongo. Long. 1:^ lin., lat. f lia. Habitat in Mexico et in Trinidad. Oblong, rather cylindrico-convex, somewhat opaque, ferrnginous red, griseo-piibescent, punctate. Head bi-impressed in front. Thorax transversely oblong, twice as broad as long, sides subparallel, declinate, all the angles rounded, apex slightly rounded, base truncate. Scutellum triangular, apex somewhat rounded. Elytra a half longer than the thorax, slightly wider at the base than the thorax, shoulders rounded, with the sides parallel and declinate, deeply margined, with the apex somewhat declinate and truncate nearly straight ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles nearly right angles. Legs stout ; tarsi short and much dilated, except the last long and slender article. Prom Mexico and Trinidad. Collected by M. Salle. 75. Carpophilus soedidus. Erichs. in Wiegm. Arch. 92 (1847). Oblongus, subconvexuSj obscure castaneus vel niger, dense subtiliterque flavescente pubescens, crebre subtilissime punctatus ; elytris dorso nigro-pubescentibus, callo humerali testaceo ; ventre pedibusque castaneo-piceis. Long. If lin,, lat. f lin. Habitat in Peruvia. Oblong, subconvex, black or obscure chestnut, of fine and rather soft texture, thickly clothed with a fine olivaceous-flavescent pubescence, and thickly finely punctate, the pubescence and punctuation combined giving a soft silky look to the surface. Eyes smaller and less coarsely granulated than in C. opMJialmicus. Thorax transverse, broad, lightly convex, very finely and thickly punctate, the sides rapidly and abruptly declinate, all the angles obtuse and rounded. Scutellum rounded, subpentagonal. Elytra with the back sometimes darker in colour than the rest of the body, sometimes with the humeral callus testaceous. Abdomen, underside, and legs chestnut-piceous. Erichson describes the elytra as having the back clothed with a black pubescence (nigro-pubescentibus). The specimens in the Berlin Museum do not bear out this ; the disk of each elytron is somewhat darker than the rest of the body, so is the disk of the thorax, but the pubescence in all is of the same yellowish olivaceous hue. The humeral callus is not always lighter than the rest of the elytra. Prom Bolivia, Peru, &c. In the Berlin and British Museums. 76. Carpophilus pubescens. C. sordido affinis, ei simillimus statura et colore ; angustior, thorace antice angustiore, lateribus citius declinatis, disco magis conico, angulis posticis minus late rotundatis, paroe punctato ; elytris parum brevioribus. Long. 1^ lin., lat. y lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Very like C. sordidus. The colour and general appearance of both is the same, but the form of the thorax is different. In C. sordidus it is transverse and broad, with the 3 D 2 38di MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIiE, sides turning down rapidly wlicn near the margin ; in C. puhcscens the sides slope more gradually from tlie culminating ridge, giving its section somewhat of a conical form. In C. sordidus the thorax is dull and covered with pubescence, and very finely punctate ; in C. puhescens it is not so dull, and larger punctures are scattered over it. The pubes- cence also lies in a different manner : in C. sordidus it is directed from the sides to a j)oint immediately before the scutellum, while in C. puhescens it is directed from each side towards the middle, so that the hairs meet in a ridge all along the dorsal region. The elytra also, although narrower than in C. sordidus, are proportionally broader when compared with the breadth of the thorax ; they are also proportionally shorter. The keel of the prosternum is narrow and bent in, instead of being broad at its apex ; and the segments of the abdomen are so wide, that one of the chief generic characters of Car- popliilus, viz. that the second and third segments of the abdomen are very short, is almost absent. The eyes too are smaller and not so coarsely granulated as in C. ophthalmicus. Prom Ceylon. I owe this species to the kindness of Mr. Nietner and Count de Motschulsky. (Subgenus Endomerus {ev^ov, within ; and ixkpoc, a part, — in allusion to each of the last three segments of the abdomen retiring within the preceding segment).) Corpus breve, convexum, subcylindricum. Abdomen segmentis ultimis tribus expositis, sed parum visis; segmentis singulis a praecedentibus intus susceptis. The chief distinctions of this subgenus are, its having three exposed segments of the abdomen. Notwithstanding that there are three, each is so enclosed like the joints of a telescope within the preceding segment, that the whole are very short and scarcely visible. The body is short, thick, round, barreled, and cylindrical ; and the elytra appear longer than usual, but this is merely an appearance due to the small portion of the abdomen which is visible. 77. Cahpophilus piger. (Plate XXXIII. fig. 3.) Ourtus, subcylindricus, obesus, leviter punctatus, griseo puhescens, castaneo-fuscus ; ore, antennis pedibusque testaceis. Long. 1-1:^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Guatemala. Short, subcylindrical, obese, lightly punctate, griseo-pubescent, chestnut-brown. Head rounded, finely punctate, very faintly bi-impressed in front; mandibles, mouth, and antennae testaceous. Thorax with the sides subparallel, all the angles rounded and declinate both in front and behind and at the sides. Scutellum rounded. Elytra decli- nate at the base towards the thorax and at the apex, longer than the thorax, but not a half longer, obliquely rounded at the apex, and with both the exterior apical angles and the sutural angles rounded. Abdomen finely punctate and finely pubescent, margins of the segments rufescent. Legs testaceous. Erom Guatemala. 78. Carpophilus senex. Affinis Q.pigro\ subcylindrico-convexus, subopacus, fuscus, parce et sparsim longe MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 385 griseo-sericeo pubescens, hand punctatus, sed levissime subgranulatus, antennis pedibusque testaceis. Long. 1 lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Mexico. Allied to C. piger. Not so convex, somewhat opaque, dark fuscous, and sparingly clothed with a long griseous silky pubescence, not punctate, but very faintly subgranu- lose, — the head and thorax bearing as it were marks of scales rubbed off, and the elytra somewhat acicularly granulose. Antennae and legs testaceous. The last segment of the abdomen so much retracted within the penultimate segment as sometimes not to be visible. Erom Mexico. Collected by M. Salle. 79. Cahpophiltjs languidus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 261 (1843). C. dorsalis (Mus. Berol.). Leviter convexus, sat brevis, fusco-testaceus, subtiliter punctatus ; thorace transverso ; elytris thorace sesqui longioribus, pallide testaceis, apice vittaque longitudinali fuscescentibus. Long. 1 lin., lat. f-^ lin. Var. Testaceus, elytris pallidis. Habitat in Columbia. Short, moderately convex, fusco-testaceous, opaque, griseo-pubescent. Antennae tes- taceous, club darker. Head faintly punctate. Thorax transverse, gently narrowed in front, styongly rounded on the sides, truncate at the apex, with all the angles obtuse and somewhat rounded, faintly punctulate. Scutellum densely punctulate. Elytra a half longer than the thorax, faintly punctate, pale livid testaceous, with an apical patch and a longitudinal fuscous stripe stretching obliquely inwards from within the shoulder to the apex ; the outer margin also fuscous. Abdomen faintly punctulate, the pygidium subimpressed towards the apex. Legs pale. It varies in colour, being in some instances testaceous, with pale elytra (probably immature). The abdomen is fuscous in both varieties, the last segment and the whole of the ventral and haK of the dorsal penultimate segments being testaceous. Erom Columbia. (Subgenus Ecnomorphtjs.) Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 42 (1858). Corpus elongatum, depressum. Thorax basi elytris angustior. Elytra plus minusve elongata. Color obscurus, plus minusve niger vel piceus. Body depressed and somewhat elongate. The thorax flat on the disk. Elytra wider than the base of the thorax. Colour obscure, more or less black or piceous. The subgenus which I propose thus to characterize was first suggested by Count de Motschulsky as an asylum for his species C.fulvipes, which, however, does not belong to it. He formed it, as he says, " at the expense of the elongate and depressed Carpophili like C. sea^pustulatm but C.fulvipes is not an elongate species, and its depression is 386 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. slight, and not very different from that of other species of the typical form of Carpophilus. It is different, however, with C. sexpustulatus, whose facies is sufficiently distinct from the other species to warrant the establishment of a subgenus for its reception. The facies results from the elongate and depressed form, the long elytra, and the short thorax, rounded behind. M. de Motschulsky attempted to find characters drawn from the antennoc of C.fulvipes as well as the body, but in this he has failed. The characters given by him are, the antennse more elongate than in the other Carpopliili. The club only slightly massive ("peu solide"), and composed of two parts distinctly separated, of which the apical contains two articles and the basal one article, while in the other species it is formed by four transverse articles solidly joined together. He figures {loc. cit.) the antennae of both, and has also had the kindness to send me specimens of his C. fulvipes to show the difference in nature. A careful examination of these convinces me that he has been deceived by the accidental separation of the joints of the club. In one instance I have found the antennae correspond to his figure ; but the opposite antenna of the same individual otherwise placed has shown nothing difiPerent from the usual form of the antennae of other Carpophili. The parts of the mouth, which are also quite correctly figured by M. de Motschulsky, show no deviation from the usual characters of these parts in other species. It is the form of the thorax and unusual length of the elytra which give its peculiar appearance to this section of the Carpophili, and therefore they seem to be the characters on which the subgenus should be founded. This will exclude C. fulvipes, which I have already described in what I consider its proper place. ^ 80. Carpophilus sexpustulattjs. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 263 (1843). Sturm, Deutschl. Ins. xv. 41 (1844). Erichs. Naturg. d. Ins. Deutschl. iii. 137 (1848). Nitidula 6-pustulata, Fab. Ent. Syst. i. 1. 360. 1 (1792) ; Syst. El. i. 352. 25 (1801). Schonh. Syn. ii. 147. 59 (1808). Lyctus abbreviatus, Panz. Faun. Germ. 24. 21 (1794). Ips abbreviata, Dnftsch. Faun. Austr. iii. 144 (1825). Sturm, Deutschl. Ins. xiv. 102, 1. 186. fig. n, N (1839). Heer, Faun. Col. Helv. i. 416 (1841). p. Elongatus, parallelus, depressus, parce pubescens, piceus, elytris singulis maculis tribus rufo-testaceis, una humerali, altera ante medium prope suturam, tertia pone medium versus marginem exteriorem. Long. 1-1^ lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Europa. Elongate, parallel, depressed, moderately shining, with hoary, very fine, almost imper- ceptible pubescence, piceous, with three rufo-testaceous spots on the elytra. Antennae reddish brown, with the club blackish. The head deeply punctate, with an arched oblique line (interrupted in the middle) between the eyes ; the mouth reddish brown. Thorax somewhat narrower than the elytra, rounded on the sides, rather more narrowed behind than in front, apex and base moderately straightly truncate, anterior angles rounded. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. 387 posterior angles obtuse ; the disk flat, depressed, not very thickly punctate, the sides more or less piceous. Scutellum rounded at the apex, with a line of punctures at the base. Elytra nearly twice as long as the thorax, flatly depressed, before and behind the middle slightly impressed, thickly punctate, an elongate spot on the shoulder, a second somewhat before the middle near the suture, and a third, smaller, behind the middle on the exterior margin, lighter or darker reddish yellow ; the last spot is usually very much obliterated and scarcely perceptible, or wholly absent; sides deeply margined; apex obliquely truncate, its exterior angles rounded ; the margin clear reddish brown. Abdo- men very finely punctate ; the margins of the segments semitransparent and ferruginous. Legs light or dark piceous. Pound throughout Europe, under the bark of trees, but not common in Britain. Count de Motschulsky describes an East Indian species (Etudes Eut. vii. 43 (1858)) under the name of EcnomorpJius bigiittatus, which he says is very closely allied to C. sex- pustulatus, differing from it only in having a larger and more quadrate thorax, the sides of which are not rounded and not narrowed behind, and in the elytra having a testaceous spot in the middle. Judged of by these characters, his species can have little or no affinity with C. seccpustulatus, and more probably belongs to the subgenus Myothorax, and, as I have already suggested, may be a variety of Q. vittiger, but the description is insufficient to allow me to deal with it. The name Uguttatus also is preoccupied. 81. Carpophilus deplanatus. Brachypeplus deplanatus, Bohem. Ins, CafFr. i. 562 (1848). Oblongus, depressus, niger vel nigro-piceus, subopacus ; nigro pubescens, thoracis elytro- rumque basi cinereo pubescens ; labro, mandibulis, antennis basi pedibusque rufo- piceis; capite prothoraceque subtiliter crebre punctulatis; elytris longitudinaliter aciculatis. Long. 1-1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Africa australi apud flumina Limpopo. Small, oblong, depressed, black or nigro-piceous, subopaque, nigro-pubescent, with the base of the thorax and elytra cinereo-pubescent. Head shorter than broad, above slightly convex, black, opaque, faintly closely punctulate, almost glabrous. Labrum, mandibles, and palpi piceous. Eyes rounded, moderately convex, black. Antennse rather short, rufo-piceous, sparingly pubescent ; club rounded, nigro-fuscous. Thorax a half shorter than broad, above almost flat, faintly and closely punctulated, clothed (except at the base) with long black pubescence which lies directed forwards ; the pubescence of the base is cinereous ; lightly rounded, emarginate in front, with the anterior angles slightly projecting, obtuse ; the sides slenderly reflexed, narrowly edged with ferruginous, some- what widened immediately behind the apex, thence backwards almost straight ; base truncate, posterior angles obtuse. Scutellum short, broad, with the apex slightly rounded, faintly and thickly punctulate. Elytra a half longer than the thorax and not broader than its base, almost glabrous, faintly, closely, and irregularly acicularly punctate, the punctuation longitudinal, clothed (except at the base, which has cinereous pubes- cence) with long black pubescence lying directed backwards ; truncate in front, the sides 388 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. not widened, the apex truncate ; sliouldcrs not prominent, almost riglit-angled. Body below black, sliglitly shining, rather closely punctulatod, slenderly cinereo-pubescent. Legs rufo-piceous, obsoletely punctulate. This has been erroneously described as a Brachypeplm by Professor Boheman. He has had the kindness to send me the type, and I am enabled to say that it is undoubtedly a Carpophilus of the narrow section, and coming near C. sexpmtulatus. It may be readily distinguished from any similar species by the posterior angles of the thorax, which are cut off, so that they have two posterior angles on each side as it were. The long black pubescence, directed forwards on the thorax and backwards on the elytra, is another character of ready application. Prom the banks of the river Limpopo in South-east Africa. 82. Cahpophilus brachypterus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 263 (1843). mtidula brachyptera, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. v. 183. 10 (1827). Carpophilus carbonatus, Leconte, Coleopt. of Kansas and East. Mexico (Smithsonian Contrib.), 6 (1859). Ips atrata (Dej. Cat. 134 (1837)). Carpophilus humilis, Erichs. in Germ, Zeitschr. iv. 262 (1843). Oblongus, subdepressus, subnitidus, parcius pubescens et punctatus, textura moUi, piceo- niger, antennis basi piceis ; thorace elytris angustiore, lateribus et angulis rotundatis ; elytris subtiliter punctulatis, thorace duplo longioribus. Long. 1^ lin,, lat. | lin. Habitat in America boreali. Allied to C. sexpustulatus ; oblong, subdepressed, piceous black, sparingly punctate and pubescent, somewhat shining, texture soft. Head slightly raised on the vertex and in front. Antennae piceous at the base. Thorax narrower than the elytra, transversely subquadrate, more than a half shorter than broad, all the angles broadly rounded, the apex scarcely emarginate, the margin of the sides narrow. Scutellum triangular, some- what rounded at the apex, smooth, shining, and almost impunctate, there being merely two or three punctures on the disk. Elytra finely, not very closely punctate, twice as long as the thorax, sides distinctly margined and canaliculated, widest a little before the middle ; apex obliquely truncate, exterior apical angles nearly right angles. Shoulders rather prominent. Legs piceous. The colour varies from piceous or purplish black to pure black. The length of the elytra seems greater in some specimens than in others, and the thorax seems to vary slightly in its proportions. These variations, however, are merely apparent, not real. The thorax, for instance, in some specimens seems widest before the middle, in others widest behind it ; but this depends upon the angle of inclination at which the thorax stands. In the same way, a careful measurement of the comparative length of the thorax and elytra shows that the proportions are the same even in those specimens in which the elytra seem longest. An examination of Dr, Leconte' s type of C. carbonatus, which he kindly forwarded to me, has satisfied me that it is not different from Say's N. brachyptera, and I can find no difference between it and Erichson's C. humilis. I am inclined to think that in MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARL^. 389 recording in his Monograph C. hracJiypterus, Say, as a different species from, humilis, Erichson had taken it on trust. He gives no description of brachypterus, merely referring to Say's paper, but describes the same species as new under the name of C. humilis. From North America. 83. Carpophilus xanthopterus (Mus. Berl.). Elongatus, angustus, oblongus, parallelus, subdepressus, subopacus, punctatus, parce pubescens, castaneus vel nigrorfuscus, capite dilutiore, elytris testaceo-castaneis. Long. 1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Patria ignota. Narrow, elongate, oblong, parallel, subdepressed, subopaque, punctate, sparingly pubescent, chestnut or nigrq-fuscous, the head paler, the elytra testaceous chestnut- coloured. Head rather lightly punctate, impressed transversely in front. Thorax trans- verse, somewhat rounded on the sides, especially behind, thickly punctate, the disk sub- depressed, with a transverse impression behind the middle, and there more strongly punctate ; the base as well as the sides margined, the posterior angles somewhat explanate and rounded, the anterior angles declinate and nearly right angles. Scutellum rounded at the apex, shining, impressed in the middle at the base. Elytra almost a half longer than the thorax, parallel, less thickly punctate, the sides declinate and margined, the disk unequally impressed, transversely impressed at the apex, which is somewhat obliquely truncate on each elytron, the exterior apical angles rounded. Abdomen above very faintly punctate. Below paler chestnut, almost testaceo-piceous. Legs of the same colour. Country unknown. A single specimen was presented to me by Dr. Schaum, and is now placed in the British Museum. It stands in the Berlin Museum under the name which I have preserved. (Subgenus Miceoxanthtjs {/niKpoc, small; ^avOoct yellow).) Corpus parvum, depressum, lineare. Color plus minusve testaceus. Body small, depressed, linear. Colour more or less testaceous. 84. Carpophilus tempestivtjs. ^ Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 260 (1843). Parvus, elongatus, angustulus, fere linearis, subdepressus, parce subtilissimeque pubes- cens, testaceus, subnitidus, elytris sutura apiceque nigro marginatis. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Var. A. Elytris basi etiam nigricante. Var. B. {C. terminatus (Berl. Mus.).) Elytris apice solum nigro marginatis. Habitat in Cuba et partibus vicinis Americae. SmaU, elongate, subdepressed, very shortly and thinly clothed with fine pubescence, somewhat shining, testaceous. Antennae testaceous ; club black. Head sparingly and finely punctate, obsoletely foveolate on each side in front. Thorax of the breadth of the VOL. XXIV. 3 E 390 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. elytra, not narrowed in front, subdepresscd, finely punctate, scarcely rounded at the sides; apex truncate; base obliquely truncate on each side, both posterior and an- terior angles obtuse. Scutellum triangular, with the apex rounded ; finely and sparsely punctate. Elytra almost a half longer than the thorax, subdepresscd, finely punctate, deeply margined on the sides, which are slightly rounded, the suture and apex edged with black; apex of each elytron slightly obliquely truncate. Abdomen very faintly punctate, From Cuba and the neighbouring parts of America. 85. Carpophilus ochuaceus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 260 (1843). Oblongus, parum convexus, testaceus, densius griseo pubescens; thorace transverso, elytris thorace daplo longioribus. Long. 1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Brasilia. Oblong, slightly convex, very slightly shining, griseo-pubescent, pale testaceous. Head faintly and thickly punctate, marked in front on each side with a minute fovea. Thorax of the breadth of the elytra, transverse, rounded on the sides, somewhat narrowed m front, truncate at the apex, with all the angles obtuse, slightly transversely convex, faintly punctate. Scutellum densely punctate. Elytra twice as long as the thorax, faintly punctate. Abdomen faintly punctate. From Brazil. In the Berlin collection. 86. Carpophilus tlavidus. Fairm. Essai sur les Coleopteres de la Polynesie, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. June 1849, 26. " Pallide flavus, oblongus, depressus, parce pubescens ; thorace transverso, angulis po^ticis rectis; elytris thorace duplo longioribus. Long. 1^ lin. " Habitat in Tahiti." Oblong, depressed, pale yellow, slightly shining, with very short and sparing golden pubescence. Head, thorax, and elytra finely and thickly punctate. Head with a small impression in front on each side. Thorax transverse, with the sides slightly rounded, posterior angles right angles. Scutellum more finely punctate than the elytra, which are twice as long as the thorax. Abdomen scarcely visibly punctate. Allied to C. ochraceus of Erichson, from which it is distinguishable by its pale colour and by the posterior angles of the thorax being pointed. From Tahiti. In M. DeyroUe's collection. 87. Carpophilus margin atus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 262 (1843). C. minutus, Melsh. Proc. Acad. Sc. Philad. ii. 105 (1846). Parvus, breviusculus, subdepressus, subtiliter punctatus, saturate testaceus; thorace antrorsum angustato elytrisque fortius marginatis, his apice nigro limbatis. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Carolina et partibus meridionalibus Americae borealia. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 391 Small, rather short, subdepressed, scarcely sliming, finely punctate and thinly griseo- pubescent, deep testaceous. Head rather large, densely and finely punctate, slightly impressed on each side in front. Thorax narrowed in front, with the sides nearly straight, emarginate at the apex, truncate at the base, with the anterior angles nearly right angles and the posterior angles acute ; densely and finely punctate, with the lateral mar- gins distinct and reflexed. Scutellum broad, subpentagonal, thickly punctate. Elytra broad, a haK longer than the thorax, closely faintly punctate, with the apex edged with black or brown, the lateral margin distinct and reflexed ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; exterior apical angles sharply rounded. Abdomen finely punctate. This species has a good deal of the short broad form of C. antiqims, and was mistaken by Melsheimer for a variety of it. It is not shining like that species, but has considerable affinity to it, and should perhaps have been placed beside it rather than here. From Carolina and other southern districts of North America. 88. Carpophilus discoideus. Leconte, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. March 1858, p. 62 (1858). Forsan mas C. caudalis, Leconte, loc. cit.: vide C. caudalis, ante. Oblongus, fere depressus, piceus, nitidus, subtiliter pubescens, elytris macula testacea triangulari, postice truncata, antice attenuata, utrinque ornatis ; pedibus antennisque rufis, his clava paulo infuscata. Long, -^o li^i" Habitat apud flumina Colorado in California. Oblong, almost depressed, piceous, shining, finely pubescent ; antennae rufous, with a .fascous club. Thorax short, sides rounded, more faintly punctate. Elytra twice as long as the thorax, more strongly margined and more faintly punctulate, with a testaceous patch of a triangular form, truncate behind and attenuated in front on each side. Legs rufous. Somewhat allied to C. marginatus, Er., but larger, more regularly oblong, and more flattened. Dr. Leconte suggests that it may be the male of C. caudalis, which in every respect corresponds with it except in having three segments of the abdomen exposed instead of two. Eound near the Colorado River in California. In Dr. Leconte's collection. 89. Carpophilus ustulatus. Parvus, elongato-ovatus, depressus, sat nitidus, levissime punctatus, ferrugineus, elytris apice late indeterminate nigro-fusco. Long. 1 lin., lat. ,f lin. Habitat in Nova Guinea. SmaU, elongate-ovate, depressed, somewhat shining, very finely punctate, with scarcely any pubescence, ferruginous or piceo-ferruginous, with the apex of the elytra blackish. Head broad, very finely punctate, smooth, with very slight impressions at the base of the epistome ; eyes large. Thorax transverse, broader than long, slightly convex, even, very little narrower in front than behind, the sides slightly rounded, apex slightly emarginate and bisinuate, gently and slightly projecting in the middle, anterior angles rounded, pos- 3 E 2 392 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. terior angles slightly obtuse, base bisinuate, all the margins paler than the disk. Scutel- lum rather large, subpcntagonal, slightly punctate, rather darker than the neighbouring parts of the elytra. Elytra rather longer but scarcely broader than the thorax, somewhat attenuated behind, widest a little before the middle, sides gently rounded, the humeral angles projecting ; finely punctate, the punctuation fainter towards the apex ; the base is pale ferruginous, passing gradually into a dark chestnut, the dark portion covering more than the half of the elytra ; the apex of each elytron truncate very obliquely ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse. Abdomen somewhat convex, more finely punctate, and with some fine rufous pubescence, darker at the apex. Legs rufous. Prom Dorey and New Guinea. Collected by Mr. Wallace. 90. Caepophilus gentilis. Elongatus, oblongus, depressus, subnitidus, leviter punctatus, subtilissime flavo pubescens, flavescens. Long. 1^ lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Victoria in Australia. Elongate, oblong, depressed, somewhat shining, lightly punctate, very finely flavo- pubescent, yellowish. Head darker, subfuscous, lightly obliquely impressed on each side ; antennae with club obscure. Thorax rufo-flavescent, broader than long, with the disk broadly flat, the sides gently rounded both before and behind; anterior angles slightly obtuse, posterior somewhat obtusely rounded ; apex scarcely emarginate, base straight, truncate, finely punctate and pubescent, narrower than the base of the elytra. Scutellum rounded at the apex, flat, shining at the margin, impressed at the base, and punctate in the middle. Elytra flat, testaceous, the sides as seen from above parallel, narrowly declinate, very slightly gently rounded, apex of each elytron truncate slightly obliquely ; finely punctate and pubescent. Abdomen more pubescent, rather darker tes- taceous than the elytra. Erom Victoria in Australia. 91. Caepophilus frivolus. Minutus, elongato-oblongus, depressus, subnitidus, leviter punctatus et pubescens, testa- ceus, capite elytrorumque apice et regione scutellari plus minusve piceis. Long. 1 lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Victoria in Australia. Small, elongate-oblong, depressed, somewhat shining, faintly and not closely punctate, slightly testaceo-pubescent ; testacpous. Head piceous, with the epistome very little advanced, slightly longitudinally impressed on each side. Thorax transversely oblong, apex and base truncate straight, sides subparallel, slightly rounded in front and behind, anterior angles declinate and obtuse, posterior angles rounded. Scutellum triangular, testaceo-piceous, somewhat shining, very faintly punctate and pubescent. Elytra wider and about a half longer than the thorax, humeral angles distinct, sides nearly parallel, a little wider towards the apex ; more sparsely punctate than the thorax ; apex somewhat obliquely truncate, and more or less piceous or testaceo-piceous ; the scutellar region MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIJS. 393 is also sometimes piceous. Abdomen with the penultimate segment long. Tarsi very slightly dilated. Prom Melbourne in Victoria. 92. Carpophilus inconspicutjs. Minutus, oblongo-ovatus, subdepressus, levissime sparsim punetatus et pubescens, supra subnitidus, subtus nitidior, flavo-testaceus, elytris luteis, apice et basi versus scu- tellum saturatioribus. Long. |-f lin., lat. I lin. Habitat in insula Batchiana. Minute, oblong-ovate, subdepressed, very finely and sparsely punctate and very finely pubescent, somewhat shining above, more so below, flavo-testaceous, with the elytra luteous, the apex and base about the scutellum and the scutellum itself a little darker. Head with a slight depression on each side behind the epistome ; antennae rather long, testaceous, with the club dusky. 'Thorax transverse, depressed, disk flat, a little broader in front than behind, sides gently rounded, apex not emarginate, base truncate, anterior angles somewhat obtuse, posterior angles very obtuse and almost rounded. Scutellum large, triangular, smooth, piceo-testaceous. Elytra a little longer than the thorax, wider at the base than the base of the thorax, sides subparallel, widest behind the middle, margined and canaliculate ; disk depressed, sloping a little towards the suture ; sparsely and finely punctate and sparingly finely pubescent; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse ; the scutellar region and the outer margin and apex rather darker than the rest of the piceo-testaceous surface. Abdomen still more finely jjunctate and pubescent than the elytra. Tarsi not very testaceous. Erom the island of Batchian. Collected by Mr. Wallace. Species mihi invisa. I have not seen this species, and the description is scarcely sufficient to indicate its proper place ; I have therefore merely added it as an appendix to the whole genus. 93. Caupophiltjs apicalis. Leconte, Coleopt. Kansas and E. Mexico, (Smithson. Contrib.) 6 (1859). " Oblongus, piceo-niger, minus subtiliter punetatus et flavo pubescens ; elytris rufis, circa scutellum et ad apicem extrorsum oblique infuscatis ; pedibus antennisque testaceis. Long. \\ lin. " Habitat in Georgia apud flumina Platte in America boreali. " Oblong, piceous black, rather faintly punctate, and with a yellow pubescence. Thorax moderately convex, not a half shorter than its breadth, the sides rounded. Elytra a half longer than the thorax, rufous, oblique, infuscated about the scutellum and ex- teriorly outwards to the apex. Legs and antennse testaceous. "Erom Platte River in Georgia in North America." I have not seen this species, and have merely reproduced Dr. Leconte's description. 394 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARliE. JDichotomous Table. Three dorsal segments of abdomen exposed 1 Two dorsal segments of abdomen exposed 11 J [ Elytra not overshadowing the exposed dorsal segments of abdomen 2 I Elytra almost conceaUng the exposed dorsal segments of abdomen 9 2 r Body elongate, somewhat depressed. Elytra partly red 3 I Body rather broad, convex. Elytra not marked with red 4 ^ \ Elytra wholly red except the apex, which is black rubripennis. \ Elytra with a red triangular patch caudalis. ^ 1 Body above shining and glabrous 5 [ Body above semiopaque, shagreened rubiginosus. ^ ( Fawn-coloured, with black or brown markings adumbratus. \ Black or piceous brown . . - 6 [ Thorax with a well-marked depression near the posterior angles 7 ^1 Thorax without a well-marked depression near the posterior angles 8 J Thorax with the anterior angles pale foveicoHis. I Thorax with the anterior angles not pale , humeralis. ( Colour black, with legs and base of antennae yellow nitidus. ^ I Colour piceous brown, with margins of thorax paler discolor. [ Colour brown, with the elytra more or less Uvid testaceous languidus. \ Colour brown • 1^ f Thorax with posterior angles rounded piger. ''^^ I Thorax with posterior angles obtuse senex. r Eyes moderate 1^ 1 Eyes large and prominent. Body convex and oblong. Elytra long .... 88 r Texture hard, glabrous, shining, not shagreened 13 I Texture not hard and glabrous 18 r Thorax decidedly narrower at the apex than behind 14 I Thorax transversely quadrate, nearly as broad in front as behind 17 r Thorax with a punctate impression near the posterior angles 15 I Thorax without a punctate impression near the posterior angles 16 r Form fusiform. Thorax wider at the base than at the middle marginellus. I Form cuneiform. Thorax not wider at the base than at the middle .... cuneiformis. { Thorax dark brown. Elytra slightly paler succtsus. Thorax reddish. Elytra darker rubescens. r Colour dark chestnut ; apical half of elytra darker antiquus. Colour light ferruginous; apical margin only of elytra slightly darker . . . . ferrugineus. • 1 Q [ Body depressed. Texture various Body more or less convex. Texture shagreened 39 I Texture leathery, or sUghtly shagreened. General colour black or piceous . . 20 Texture fine, size small. General colour more or less testaceous „ 31 r Thorax not narrower at the base than the elytra . 21 I Thorax narrower at the base than the elytra . 26 f Elongate-oblong. Elytra somewhat leathery in texture 22 I Subfusiform. Texture generally faintly shagreened and somewhat shining . . 23 r Thorax piceous and elytra black corticmus. 2^ I Thorax and elytra both black compressv^. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 * and MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 395 Thorax with all the angles rounded planatus. Thorax with not all the angles rounded . 24 Base of thorax scarcely or not at all sinuate. Elytra black . fulvipes.. Base of thorax sharply sinuate near posterior angles. Elytra purplish brown . 25 Anterior angles of thorax obtuse and not rounded lacertosus. Anterior angles of thorax rounded purpureipennis. Body large and elytra not very long rujitarsis. Body long and narrow and elytra long • • • 27 Not wholly black or piceous black - ; • • \ • \ • 23 Wholly black or piceous black • • Colour of body black or piceous, with elytra testaceous or piceo-testaceous . . 29 Colour of body black or piceous, with pale markings on elytra sexpustulatus. Posterior angles of thorax obliquely truncate • • Ugneus. Posterior angles of thorax rounded xanthopterus. Elytra broader than the base of the thorax and somewhat variolosely punctate . brachypterus. Elytra not broader than the base of the thorax, and longitudinally acicularly punctate deplanatus. Elytra wholly testaceous 32 Elytra not wholly testaceous ••••••• Scutellum densely punctate 33 Scutellum scarcely punctate (only two or three punctures at the base) .... gentilis. Posterior angles of thorax obtuse • • • • ochraceus. Posterior angles of thorax right angles flavidus. Elytra piceous, with a triangular testaceous patch .......... discoid^us. Elytra testaceous, with portions darker ...... . ,. ^ . . . . . 35 Elytra testaceous, with a distinct black or dark piceous apical margin .... 36 Elytra testaceous, with the apex or other portions duller ........ 37 Black or piceous apical margin of elytra narrow .... . . . .... iempestivus. Black or piceous apical margin of elytra broad . . , , . • , . • • • ustulatus. Elytra lurid testaceous, with scutellar region and apical margin darker .... inconspicuus. Elytra with the apex duller testaceo-piceous 38 Comparatively broad thorax with posterior angles rectangular ....... marginatus^. Rather narrow thorax with posterior angles rounded .......... frivolus. Thorax considerably narrower in front than behind, its sides rounded .... 40 Thorax transversely subquadrate, not narrower, or not much narrower, in front than behind ; sides subparallel, body subcylindrical ......... 70 More or less elongate, subdepressed. Thorax shghtly convex ...... 41 Not elongate — convex, broad, or fusiform ^7 Decidedly elongate and large in size (upwards of 2 lines in length) 42 Moderately elongate and not so large 43 Black, margins of thorax piceous and subserrated, legs black or dusky piceous . niger. Brownish black, margins of thorax ferruginous and only slightly or not at all rough, legs ferruginous • • Triton. Black, with shoulders of elytra rufescent 44 Black, with shoulders of elytra not rufescent 45 C. margimtus, but for its comparatively soft texture and dulness, might be sought for alongside of C. antiqms IferrugineHS, It has much of their form, but can be distinguished by the above characters and its smaller size. 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARIJE- Thorax not conspicuously marked with depressions lugubris. Thorax conspicuously marked with depressions hrevipennis. Thorax coarsely punctate. Elytra leathery-looking and more finely punctate and pubescent tristis. Thorax and elytra equally coarsely punctate and pubescent. Elytra not leathery- looking 46 Anterior angles of thorax rounded Morio. Anterior angles of thorax obtuse funereus. Body convex, broad, and somewhat tending to squareness 48 Body convex, fusiform 53 Legs wholly testaceous 49 Legs not testaceous 50 Margins of thorax slightly sinuated and anterior angles rounded tectus. Margins of thorax not sinuated, and anterior angles obtuse flavipes. Punctuation variolosa (when seen under the microscope) variolosus. Punctuation simple 51 Large and obese. Elytra thickly punctate ; suture not distinctly raised ... 52 Moderate. Elytra smooth, somewhat shining, and sparsely punctate; suture raised , . puncticeps. Margins of thorax and elytra much reflexed obesus. Margins of thorax and elytra not much reflexed HoffmannseggiL Colour dark, obscure, except when there are markings on the elytra . . . . 54 Colours bright. Thorax or elytra, or both, bright rufous ........ 68 Elytra bearing pale spots or markings 55 Elytra not bearing spots or markings 62 Marking on elytra consisting of a single spot or patch on each elytron . . . . 56 Marking on elytra consisting of more than a single spot or patch on each elytron 61 Marking consisting of a central spot 57 Marking consisting of a longitudinal fascia next the suture and towards the apex ligatm. Spot regularly round or oval bipustulatus. Spot not regular in outline 58 Body narrow and comparatively depressed binotatus. Body not narrow and not depressed 59 Posterior margin of spot running obliquely outwards and forwards 60 Posterior margin of spot rounded biguttatus. Spot with the anterior and posterior sides nearly parallel bisignatus. Spot with the anterior and posterior sides, not parallel, inner side smallest . . . bifenestratus. Each elytron with a pale patch on the shoulder and another at the sutural apical angle quadrisignatus. Each elytron with a pale patch on the shoulder and the whole of the apex pale . hemipterus. Body black, and elytra tinged more or less with purplish brown 63 Black or brassy 64 Elytra flat and silky sericeus. Elytra convex obsoletus. Slightly greenish brassy chalybem. Wholly black 65 Thorax level and flat on the middle of the disk Bakewellii, Thorax not flat on the disk 66 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^E. 397 68 70 71 73 1 Finely punctate and small in size . , . . . dolens. { Very coarsely punctate and not below the average size 67 f Posterior angles projecting backwards, and sides in front of them sinuate . . . crihraius. 67 -j Posterior angles nearly rectangular, with the point rounded, posterior margins subparallel Fusus. Wholly bright rufous ^ ^ r • rufus. Not wholly bright rufous 69 f Thorax bright rufous. Elytra blue-black melanopterus. \ Thorax dark or black. Elytra rufous j^allipennis. J General colour more or less testaceous . . 71 I General colour brown , 76 f Narrow and thread-like 72 I Subcylindrical, but not so narrow as a thread ........... 73 1 Very pubescent and punctate cylindricus. " \ Shining, very little punctate or pubescent tenuis. Elytra shghtly paler than thorax or abdomen 7^ Elytra testaceous, with the scutellar region fuscous australis^-, r Very pubescent and much punctate. Thorax with a short, dorsal, raised, smooth 74 j line in front of the scutellum luridus. I Not so much punctate or pubescent, and without a dorsal line 75 f Very finely punctate and small in size pallescens. y Moderate in size, punctuation coarser mutilatus. r Colour fuscous, dark brown or black. Elytra very short 77 [ Thorax fuscous, but not wholly fuscous. Elytra only moderately short ... 82 General colour black 78 General colour fuscous 79 Wholly black iruncatus. Black, with a rufescent spot on the shoulder angustatus. Elytra with a pale spot in the centre notatus. Elytra without any spot in the centre 80 With fine and silky pubescence. Colour lurid testaceo-fuscous pilosellus. Coarsely pubescent, fuscous „ 81 r Last segments of abdomen rather long dimidiatus. \ Last segments of abdomen short nepos. { Elytra testaceo-rufous, with the apex darker 83 [ Elytra fuscous, marked with rufous , 84 r Margins of thorax ferruginous ochropterus. \ Margins of thorax not ferruginous fumatus. ( Body glabrous or nearly so 85 [ Body subopaque and pubescent 86 r Of moderate size. Base of elytra rufous, enclosing a round dark spot .... oculatus. \ Of small size. Elytra pale testaceous, with a narrow black apical margin . . Schiddiei. r Base of elytra rufous 87 \ Base of elytra not rufous. A rufous spot in the middle of each elytron . . . mutabilis. 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 * C. australis may perhaps claim to enter into the same group as C. hemipterus ; in which case it would be distin- guished from C. quadrisignatus and C. hemipterus by the elytra being wholly pale, except the scutellar region and a space behind the shoulder, which are fuscous. VOL. XXIV. 3 F 398 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. f A sutural rufaus vltta and a spot near the outer margin on each elytron ; sides of thorax and elytra each slightly convex maculatus. A sutui-al rufous vitta usually on each elytron ; sides of thorax and elytra sub- V parallel. [N.B. This species is subject to much variation in colour.] . . . vittiger. { Bright rufous ophthalmicus. \ Lurid testaceo-piceous 89 r Pubescence on thorax radiating to a point on base immediately before the scutellum sordidus. \ Pubescence on thorax pointing from the sides to the middle pubescens. Species mihi ignotce. Wholly black immaculatus. Piceous black. Elytra red, with a triangular fuscous space from the apex to the scutellum apicalis. Genus Stauroglossicus {aravpoQ, a cross ; yAoxro-i/coc, appertaining to the tongue, — in allusion to tlie form of the ligula). Abdomen segmentis tribus primis aequalibus, caeteris brevioribus, sed baud brevibus. Maxillae latissimae^ subquadrat^e. Liguk alls horizontalibus, antice truncatis. Cetera ut in Carjoo/)Mo. Body flat and depressed. Mandibles broadly bidentate. The lobe of the maxillge more than usually broad, and the membranous lobes of the ligula transverse and trun- cate in front. They are constructed on the same principle as in the rest of the Carpo- pJdli : but in the latter the lobes project obliquely forward on each side; here they are as it were pushed back into a straight line, giving the lobe something of the appearance of a hammer, or of the eyes of the dipterous genus Diopsis. Mentum deeply emarginate. Abdomen wedge-shaped, with the first, second, and third segments nearly equal and shorter than the remaining two, which are long and nearly equal in length; fimbriae scarcely apparent, the suture between the dorsal and ventral segments being on the sides. In other respects the same as Carpophilus. Position and Affinities. — Carpophilus. STAUROGLOSSlcrs. Eidocolastus. Trimenus. 1. Stauroglossicus terminalis (Mus. Berol.). (Plate XXXIII. fig. 4*.) Elongatus, subcuneiformis, plano-depressus, punctatus, nitidus, glaber, rufo-testaceus, capite et elytrorum sutura apiceque nigricantibus. Long. 1| lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Victoria in Nova Hollandia. Elongate, subcuneiform, flat, depressed, punctate, shining, glabrous, rufo-testaceous, with the head, and the suture and apex of the elytra, black, or passing into black. Head very faintly punctate, lightly bi-impressed in front. Thorax transverse, broader than long, with the disk flat, distinctly punctate, with the sides decimate, lightly rounded, the * By one of those unhappy accumulations of ill luck which sometimes happen even with the best artists and the best workmen, the figure of this species in the Plate quoted is neither well drawn nor rightly coloured. It is not flat enough, nor sufficiently wedge-shaped, nor wide enough in front; and instead of being brown as coloured, the insect is bright testaceous, with the apex of the elytra &c. black. ' ' ' MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 399 posterior angles obtusely rounded, the anterior inflexed and nearly right angles. Scu- tellum triangular, depressed, and with punctures in the middle. Elytra flat, longer than the thorax, scarcely broader, punctate, impressed unequally, a little narrower behind than in front, with the shoulders rather prominent, the sides shortly declinate, margined, the apex obliquely truncate, the exterior apical angles rounded. Abdomen finely punctate, Prom Port PhiUip in New Holland. In the Berlin and British Museums. 2. Stauroglossicus lepidus. Parum elongatus, subcuneiformis, postice attenuatus, depressus, nitidus, glaber, levis- sime punctatus, Isete testaceus. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in insula Batchiana. Somewhat elongate, narrowed behind so as to be somewhat cuneiform, depressed, flat above, shining, glabrous, very finely and sparsely punctate, clear testaceous. Head smooth and flat, without impressions. Antennae dusky towards the apex. Parts of the mouth as in S. tet^minalis, but the lobes of the ligula show more clearly the relationship to the CarpopJiili, being a very little less hammer-shaped and slightly obliquely sloped inwards behind. Thorax broader than long, broadest a little before the middle ; sides gradually rounded, about equally broad at the anterior and posterior angles ; apex emar- ginate, sides of the emargination oblique, middle straight, anterior angles declinate, nearly right angles, posterior angles obtuse, base truncate straight ; disk flat from the apex to the base, the sides slightly declinate; very finely punctate. Scutellum large, triangular, faintly punctate at the base, impunctate at the apex. Elytra nearly a half longer than the thorax, flat ; shoulders square, rather prominent and sharp ; sides sub- parallel, gently rounded, margined, and slightly canaliculated ; disk sloping towards the suture ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate ; paler than the thorax, less shining, the chitinous structure of the surface discernible with an ordinary lens. Abdomen with the segments finely punctate. Underside finely punctate. Legs moderate ; tarsi moderately dilated. This species is interesting from its locality and from its retaining so completely the minute characters of the Australian species. Collected by Mr. Wallace in the island of Batchian, under bark and chips of freshly cut trees, and in the island of Morty, north of Gilolo. Genus Eidocolastus (elSoc, likeness ; and Colastm) . Corpus planum et depressum. Caput latum. Epistoma minus porrectum. Maxillae apice truncatae. Abdomen segmentis omnibus (ultimo longiore excepto) aequalibus. Caetera ut in CarpopMlo. Body depressed and flat, and with much of the appearance of the very flat species of Colastus ( C. ampufatus, &c.). Head broad, with the epistome very slightly produced. Eyes -large, and occupying the whole side of the head from the antennae back to the thorax. .Maxillary lobes broad, short, and truncate at the apex ; abdominal fimbrise not visible cfijtoL above, except on the penultimate segment, where they are small and curved at its anterior angles; In other respects as in Carpophilm. . . . - . . _ 3f2 4iOO MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OP NITIDULARI^. Count de Motsclmlsky, who first described the two species on which I have founded this genus, referred them to Colastus ; but they do not belong to it. That genus, which, so far as is yet known, is confined to the American continent, is one of the best-marked and most easily identified of any in this family, the peculiar lobes of the ligula and broad fimbriae on the pygidium at once distinguishing it. The species of this genus have neither of these, but all the structural characters of Qarpo])Ulus, although the depressed form and broad head give them a different facics. Carpophilus. 'Position and Affinities. — Stauroglossicus. Eidocolastus. Haptoncus. Colastus. 1. Eidocolastus plagiatipennis. (Plate XXXIII. fig. 6.) Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 39 (1858). Ovatus, valde depressus, subtiliter punctatus, glaber, nitidus, plus minusve nigro-fuscus ; thoracis marginibus, elytrorum macula triangulari medio prope ad suturam, anten- narum basi, ore, corpore subtus pedibusque testaceis; antennarum clava nigra. Long. 1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Ovate, very much depressed, finely punctulate, glabrous, shining, more or less nigro- fuscous. Head finely punctate, with a narrow transverse impression on each side at the base of the epistome ; antennse with the club black and base testaceous. Thorax trans- verse, finely punctate, trisinuate at the base, with the sides gently rounded, a little narrower in front than behind ; apex emarginate and bisinuate ; anterior angles declinate, nearly right angles; posterior angles nearly right angles, projecting a little backwards. Scutellum broad, pentangular, the lateral angles rounded ; impunctate. Elytra equal in breadth to the thorax, subquadrate, somewhat attenuate behind, sides gently rounded and margined, apex of each elytron obliquely truncate, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles obtuse ; sparsley and finely punctate, each elytron with a triangular pale spot in the middle near the suture, the base of the triangle placed obliquely between the suture and the shoulder. Abdomen slightly pubescent. Erom Ceylon. Erom Mr. Nietner and Count de Motschulsky. 2. Eidocolastus dilutus. Motsch. Etud. Ent. vii. 39 (1858). C. plagiatipenni simillimus ; parum major, thorace fortius punctato, elytris macula tes- tacea magis expansa et minus distincta, antennarum clava dilutiore. Long. 1 lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in India orientali. Exceedingly near to C. plagiatipennis. A little larger ; the thorax more strongly punc- tate ; elytra with the testaceous spots larger and less distinct ; antennte with a paler club. Erom the East Indies. I am indebted for specimens of these species (which I have placed in the British Museum) to the kindness of Count de Motschulsky. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 401 Genus Haptoncus {aTrroc, which touches; and ojkog (for the sake of euphony, ovkoc), tumidity, referring to the large last article of the lahial palpi). Oculi modici, basin capitis attingentes. Labrum bilobum. Epistomaprominens. Paraglosste alis mem- branaceis plicatis. Palpi labiales articulo ultimo inagno, calyciformi. Abdomen articulis duobus expositis, sed interdum sub elytris contractis ; articulo primo et ultimo majoribus ; ca;teris aequalibus ; fimbriis baud apparentibus. Body small, slightly convex. Head rather large ; epistome projecting ; eyes moderate in size, occupying the whole of the sides of the head. Antennal grooves short and con- verging. Antenna? with the first joint large and swollen, the second short, convex, the third to the eighth inclusive very slender, the third longer than any two of the rest, which are nearly of equal length, the seventh and eighth gradually a little wider, the ninth, tenth, and eleventh forming a large oval cluh, very puhescent. Lahrum deeply bilohed. Mandibles strongly bidentate, the second tooth not much behind the first, ciliated on the inner side. Maxillary lobes moderate, bearded at the point and on the inner side. Maxillary palpi with the first article small, the second swollen at the apex, the third short and stout, and the last article long and cylindrical. Labial palpi with the last article large, cup-shaped, the preceding article small and likewise cup-shaped, holding the last. Ligula very small, with large, projecting, ear-shaped membranaceous para- glossse, which appear to be composed of a double fold with ciliated margins. Mentum deeply emarginate. Thorax slightly convex, transverse, margined. Scutellum moderate. Elytra not striate ; apex of each elytron obliquely truncate. Abdomen scarcely visible from above, but looked at from behind, the pygidium and penultimate segment are visible ; no fimbria are visible, the suture of the dorsal and ventral segment being on the margin ; below, the first and last segments are the longest, the rest about equal, the penultimate being slightly the longest. Presternum projecting, but not prominent, resting on the metasternum. Metathorax without axillary pieces. Posterior coxae placed most apart. Legs robust; thighs with a groove to receive the tibiae. Tarsi slender, not dilated. This genus forms a transition between Carpophilus and Exmrea, and it is doubtful whether it properly belongs to the CarpopliiUdai or to the Nitidulince. The former has at least two segments of the abdomen exposed, the latter only one. In this genus the dorsal segments of the abdomen are often so curved-in that they are not visible ; but when looked at from behind, the last two are seen. I have therefore placed it near the end of this group. Stauboglossicus. Fosition and Affinities. — Eidocolastus. Haptoncus. Epurea. Carpophilus. 1. Haptoncus tetragonus (Dohrn). (Plate XXXIII. fig. 7.) Parvus, oblongo-ovatus, subdepressus, levissime punctatus et pubescens, testaceus, elytris nigro maculatis ; thorace latiore prope medium. Long, f-1 lin., lat. | lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Small, oblong-ovate, subdepressed or only very slightly convex, very faintly punctate, 402 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. finely pubescent, testaceous. Head bi-impressed in front ; club of antennse a little darker than the other joints. Thorax transverse, nearly twice as broad as long, a little narrower in front, apex emarginate and bisinuate, sides gently rounded, margins reflexed, most so towards the posterior angles ; anterior angles rounded, posterior angles slightly obtuse and a little raised above the elytra. Scutellum triangular, faintly and sparingly punc- tate and pubescent. Elytra not wider than the thorax at the base, widest a little before the middle, and immediately behind the widest part sloping somewhat acutely obliquely towards the apex, which is considerably narrower than the base ; margined ; apex of each elytron obliquely rounded, apical sutural angles as well as exterior angles rounded, finely pubescent and punctate, with the apex black, and with an irregular, somewhat zigzag black fascia near the middle, reaching neither to the sides nor the suture, projecting backwards near the sides, then forwards and again backwards ; there is also in some specimens a triangular patch pointing backwards within the shoulder. Abdomen pubes- cent and very finely punctate. Prom Ceylon, where it was collected by Mr. Nietner and Count de Motschulsky. Mr. "Wallace also found specimens in the island of Macassar. 2. Haptoncus concolor. S. tetragono Bj&mh ; parvus, oblongo-ovatus, subdepressus, levissime punctatus, levissime pallide pubescens, totus pallide testaceus ; thorace marginato et reflexo, prope angulos posticos latiore; elytris postice baud multo attenuatis, apice latis recte truncatis. Long, f lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in insula Dorey. Allied to H. tetragonus. Small, oblong-ovate, subdepressed or only very slightly con- vex, very faintly punctate, and with a very slight pale pubescence, entirely pale testa- ceous. Head even. Thorax considerably narrower in front than behind, widest just before the posterior angles, rounded rapidly to them, and sloping 'gently to the front j the apex is deeply emarginate and bisinuate; the sides margined and reflexed, more widely in front than in the middle, and most so at the posterior angles, which are obtuse and project slightly backwards at the point ; the anterior angles are rounded ; base trun- cate straight, except when it reaches the posterior angles, where it forms a sort of pro- jecting tooth. Scutellum transverse, triangular. Elytra somewhat convex, not much expanded at the sides, gently rounded ; apex not much narrower than the base, truncate straight, with the exterior apical angles rounded and the sutural apical angles nearly right angles. Erom the island of Dorey, New Guinea. Collected by Mr. Wallace. There is an example which has the elytra more expanded, as in S. tetragonus, and the disk more convex, with a large and deep depression on each side of the suture near the scutellum. It is doubtless merely an immature specimen. There is another individual, from Macassar, also collected by Mr. Wallace, which has the posterior angles of the thorax not so pro- jecting as in the specimens from Dorey. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 408 3. Haptoncus ovalis. K. comolori affinis ; parviis, late ovalis, parum conrexus et subnitidus, sparsim leviter punctatus, vix pubescens, l£ete testaceus ; antennis pallidis, articulis nltimis duobus nigris ; thorace anguste marginato, angulis posticis latiore. Long. \ lin., lat. \ lin. Habitat in Nova Guinea. Allied to K. concolor. Small, broadly oval, slightly convex, somewhat shining, sparsely and faintly punctate, scarcely pubescent, clear testaceous; the antennae pale luteous, with the last two articles of the club black or blackish. Thorax considerably narrower in front than behind, sloping in a gradual and gentle round from the posterior angles to the front; apex emarginate, very narrowly margined instead of having the margin reflexed as in S. concolor; anterior angles much declinate, obtuse; posterior angles slightly obtuse, almost right angles ; base bisinuate. Seutellum rather large, triangulan Elytra widest before the middle, attenuated behind it, apex truncate; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural apical angles nearly right angles. From Macassar, Collected by Mr. Wallace. A single specimen in the British Museum; 4. Haptoncus pubescens. UpurecB lutecE similis ; parallelus, levissime punctatus, testaceo pubescens, totus testaceus ; thorace antice quam postice baud multo angustiore, angulis anticis obtusis ; elytris. baud medio expansis, apice latis. Long, f-l lin., lat. ^ lin. Habitat in Taprobana. Similar in appearance to Epurea lutea. Wholly testaceous, oblong, parallel, clothed with long soft testaceous pubescence, very finely punctate. Thorax with the sides only slightly rounded, not much narrower in front than behind ; apex emarginate and bluntly bisinuate ; anterior angles somewhat obtuse ; sides very slightly sinuate at the posterior angles, which are somewhat obtuse ; base slightly bisinuate. Elytra with the sides very little rounded, apex nearly as broad as the base, straight truncate ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural apical angles nearly right angles. Pygidium pointed. From Ceylon, where it does not appear to be rare. 5. Haptoncus TESTACEUS. ' S. pubescenti aflanis ; major, minus pubescens, thorace antice quam postice parum angtis-^ tiore, angulis anticis rotimdatis; rufo-testaceus. Long. 1 lin., lat. -^f lin. Habitat in insula Macassar. Allied to S. pubescens ; of the same general form, but larger, less pubescent, more shining, and somewhat more rufous in colour; antennae dark rufous; the thorax some- what narrower in front, and the anterior angles rounded instead of obtuse. In other respects it is very similar to S. pubescens. - - I am not sure, however, that it belongs to this genus. The parts of the mouth, with the exception of the ligula, are nearly the same, but the ligula is different. The folded double membranous lobes are absent; or, if they exist, they are concealed by the larg.e- cup-formed terminal article of the labial palpi. From the island of Macassar. Collected by Mr. Wallaee. . , . diOdi MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARl^. Genus Tetrisus (rer/ja, four ; iffoc, equal, — in allusion to the first four segments of the abdomen being equal, or nearly so). Abdomen segmentis duobus ultimis solum expositis; penultimo fimbrils parvis scd distinctis instructo ; segmentis primis quatuor longitudine aequalibus. Ligula minuta, alis membranaceis projectis vel fascicule crinium instructis. Caetera fere ut in Carpophilo. Body ratlier depressed, wedge-sbaped. Texture fine. Labrum bilobcd. Mandibles short, bidcntate ; inner side slightly bearded. Antennae with the first article large and dilated ; second smaller, but still dilated and unequal ; third elongate and slender ; fourth, fifth, and sixth very small ; seventh and eighth slightly increasing in size ; ninth, tenth, and eleventh forming a rounded club. Maxillae not broad, bearded at the end and on the inner side. Maxillary palpi short ; first article minute, second short and small, not much dilated, third a little larger, and fourth cylindrico-conical, nearly as long as the two preceding articles together. Labial palpi with the first article minute, the second slender, and the third broad, large, and truncate. The ligula minute, and the paraglossse in one species seem to be little more than a few hairs* ; in the other species they are rather pro- minent and somewhat subtriangular. The fimbriae on the penultimate segment are distinct. Metathorax without axillary pieces. In other respects almost as in Carpophilus. Fosition and Affinities. — Carpophilus. Tetrisus. Tbimenus. 1. Tetrisus Cholevoides. (Plate XXXIII. fig. 2.) Oblongo-ovatus, postice attenuatus, subdepressus, subopacus, textura Cholevce, subtilis- sime creberrime punctatus et cinereo pubescens ; nigro-piceus, thoracis margine rufescente, ore, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis ; elytris thorace duplo longioribus. Long. 1^ lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in Borneo. Oblong-ovate, broadest in front, attenuated behind, subdepressed, subopaque, of the texture of the Cholevce {Catops velox for example), very finely and thickly punctate, and closely, shortly, and finely cinereo-pubescent, nigro-piceous or black. Labrum with the lobes conical. Head very thickly and finely punctate ; mouth and antennae rufo-piceous. Thorax transverse, sides rounded and deeply margined, anterior angles rounded, "posterior angles obtuse ; apex emarginate, base slightly bisinuate ; disk smooth, equal, and gently rounded ; apex and sides slightly rufescent and translucent. Scutellum triangular, apex somewhat rounded. Elytra twice as long as the thorax, attenuated behind, slightly widened and more convex behind the middle, sides deeply margined and canaliculated ; apex trun- cate obliquely, exterior apical angles rounded, sutural angles rectangular. Abdomen punctate and pubescent, narrow behind. Underside piceo-rufescent. Legs rufo-piceous. !From Borneo. Very rare. I have only seen two specimens, both collected by Mr. Wallace. In the British Museum. * I do not speak with confidence of all the parts of the mouth in this species. I have had only a single specimen to examine, and, as sometimes happens, the extreme care which I took to avoid injuring it produced the opposite result, and the ligula and maxillse were damaged in the dissection. A more successful dissection may perhaps show it to be the same as in the next species. But, throughout this monograph, I have figured everything exactly as I saw it, not venturing to alter anything to suit my own conceptions. MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. 405 2. Tetrisus Hydeoporoides. (Plate XXXV. fig. 10.) Depressus, oblongo-fusiformis, opacus, levissime aciculatim punctatus, breviter griseo pubescens, testaceo-fermgineus ; thorace medio longitudinaliter, scutello, elytris lateribus apice et interdum sutura versus basin fuscis vel nigro-fuscis. Long. l-|-lf lin., lat. 1 lin. Habitat in Borneo. Depressed, oblong-fusiform, opaque, very finely acicularly punctate, with very sliort and fine griseous pubescence, testaceo-ferruginous. In appearance, form, and colouring bearing a certain resemblance to some of the Hydropori (as H. 12-pustulatus for example). Head with a large rounded fovea on each side of the epistome, which makes the middle appear raised. Labrum deeply bilobed, the lobes rounded instead of being conically shaped as in T. Cholevoides. Mandibles with the double tooth at the apex somewhat larger than in T. Cholevoides. Maxillse and maxillary palpi as in that species. The membranous wing of the ligula sufiiciently large and distinct, something of the same shape as the bunch of hairs which appears to be its substitute in T. Cholevoides. The labial palpi of the same shape and proportions as in it, but larger. Antennae as in it. Thorax transverse, very smooth, equally and gently convex, narrower in front than behind, widest about one-fourth of its length before the posterior angles ; apex emar- ginate, emargination rounded ; sides gently and regularly curved and slightly margined ; anterior angles obtuse, almost rounded ; posterior angles obtuse and looking slightly backwards ; base strongly bisinuate ; disk fuscous. Scutellum rather broad, triangular, margin smooth, rest finely acicularly punctate, fuscous. Elytra depressed, rounded from the base, widest about the middle, attenuated behind, sides margined ; exterior angles at the base obtuse, pointed ; exterior a!ipical angles rounded, sutural apical angles obtuse ; apex of each elytron very obliquely truncate ; the disk ferrugineo -testaceous, with the apex and sides dark fuscous, and the basal fuscous part twice as broad as the part between it and the apical fuscous band; the suture at the base sometimes fuscous. Abdomen usually wholly ferrugineo-testaceous, in some individuals a little darker towards the margins of the segments. Underside testaceous, palest in the middle. Legs ferru- gineo-testaceous. - This species certainly belongs to the same genus as T. Cholevoides, although it is so much larger and difi'ers in the membranous wings of the ligula. The general facies is similar, and its other characters nearly identical. It forms the passage between T. Chole- voides and the genus Trimenus. Prom Borneo. Collected by Mr. Wallace. Genus Trimenus (Motsch.). Corpus latum et depressum. Oculi sat magni, basin capitis attingentes. Sulci antennarii breves, conver- ;^ gentes. Labrum bifidum. Epistoma porrectum. Elytra longa, lata, baud striata. Abdomen duo- bus segmentis supra expositis, pygidio majore ; segmentis omnibus (pygidio excepto) fere asqualibus; ' fimbriis parvis. Body broad, flat, -and depressed. Eyes large and coarsely granulated, reaching to the VOL. xxiy. 3 G d'OG MR. A. Murray's monograph of the family of nitidulari^. base of tho head. Epistomc projecting. Labmm deeply bifid. Antennal grooves short, converging. Antennae rather long and slender, except the club : first article dilated on the outer side ; second stout, rather long ; third not so stout, but nearly twice as long as the second, subcylindrical ; fourth and fifth equal, each a little shorter than the third ; sixth, seventh, and eighth submoniliform, short, slightly and gradually increasing a little in width ; ninth, tenth, and eleventh forming a large, oval, flat club. Mandibles bidentate ; the apical tooth chisel-shaped, inner side bearded behind the second tooth. Maxillae short, bearded on the inner side (PI. XXXVI. fig. 4 /). Maxillary palpi cylindrical, with the first article small, second large, third shorter, fourth longest and cylindrical. Labial palpi with the first article very small, second a little larger, unequal, third broad and securiform. Ligula small, short, somewhat conical, with large, spherically triangular, membranous united lobes or wings projecting from the anterior angles (PI. XXXVI. fig. Mentum biemarginate, with a broad projecting tooth in the middle. Thorax flat and transverse, margined. Scutellum moderate, subtriangular. Elytra broad, flat, narrowed and rounded-in towards the apex, margined. Abdomen above with only the pygidium and a portion of the penultimate segment exposed ; below with all the segments about equal in length, the last segment a little the longest, and the first next longest ; the fimbriae small, but distinct ; pygidium pointed. Prosternum flat, widened behind, resting on the meso sternum. Metathorax without axillary pieces. Legs stout ; thighs canaliculated to receive the tibiae ; middle tibiae bent and excised near the apex on the inner side in the males. Tarsi moderate. ECNOM^US. Position mid Affinities. — Tetrisus. Trimenus. Epurea. SOMAPHORUS. 1. Trimenus adpressus. (Plate XXXVI. fig. 4.) Subovatus, antice parum latior, sat latus, valde depressus, crebre leviter punctatus, bre^ viter sat dense testaceo pubescens, rubro-ferrugineus. Long. 2-2^ lin., lat. 1-1:^ lin. Habitat In Borneo, Am, &c. Rather broad, subovate, somewhat narrowed behind, very much depressed ; very thickly punctured so as to seem finely sliagreened, clothed with a rather close, short testaceous pubescence ; ferruginous red. Head with a shallow impression on each side in front behind the base of the antennae. Thorax once and a half as broad as long, narrower in front than behind ; sides very narrowly margined, posteriorly somewhat parallel, rounded-in towards the apex, which is emarginate; anterior angles obtuse, posterior angles right angles ; base truncate, slightly bisinuate. Scutellum mgderate in size, tri- angular. Elytra about twice the length of the thorax, with their base equal in breadth to the base of the thorax ; sides parallel for two-thirds of their length from the base, then rather rounded-in to the apex, which is attenuated, flat, and truncate nearly straight ; the sides are broadly margined and canaliculated, the margin slightly extending round the shoulder and not reaching to the apex; underside of margin broad; the exterior basal angles somewhat obtuse, the exterior apical angles rounded, the sutural apical MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARLE. 407 angles slightly obtuse. The disk, both of thorax and elytra, is even and regular, without depressions. Abdomen finely punctate. Mr. Wallace collected a considerable number of specimens of this species in the various islands of the Bornean Archipelago, &c., and those from different islands have a slight difference in their relative size, breadth, &c. ; but I can find no distinctions sufficient to constitute a species, except perhaps in one (the following), which is narrower and less attenuated behind. Prom Borneo, Aru, Dorey, Morty, Waigiou, Amboyna, Macassar, &c. 2. Trimenus angustattjs. T. adpresso valde afianis ; minor, angustior, thorace breviore, et elytris subparallelis ; CEeteris ut in T. adpresso. Long. If lin., lat. f lin. Habitat in insula Macassar et insula Morty. Very closely allied to T. adpressus. Smaller, narrower, more parallel ; the elytra not so much attenuated towards the apex as in that species, but parallel until they almost reach it; thorax comparatively shorter and broader, slightly narrowed towards the posterior angles. The gradation between the broadest specimens (widest in front and most attenuated behind) and the present species or variety is so gradual, that I have great hesitation in proposing this as a distinct species. There is a slight gap, however, between it and the rest, and I have availed myself of it. Prom Macassar and the island of Morty. Genus Somaphorus {awfia, a body ; and (popoc, bearer,— in allusion to the large size of the elytra as compared with that of the head and thorax). Corpus latum et depressum. Oculi sat magni, basin capitis attingentes. Sulci antennarii breves, con- vergentes. Labrura bifidum, in fronte capitis receptum. Sine epistomate. Elytra longa, lata, baud striata. Abdomen segmentis duobus ultimis expositis, segmentis omnibus (primo excepto) fere aequalibus ; sine fimbriis. Body broad, flat, and depressed. Head broad. Eyes rather large, reaching to the base of the head. Epistome absent. Labrum with a notch excised in the middle, and received into a rounded emargination in the anterior margin of the head (PI. XXXVI. fig. 7 h). Antennal grooves short and converging. Antennse rather long; first article dilated, second stont, third longer, fourth to eighth short and gradually increasing in breadth, ninth to eleventh forming a large, flattened, truncate club. Mandibles strongly bidentate, inner side bearded behind the second tooth. Maxillae narrow, rather long, bearded with long hairs at the end and with shorter on the inner side (PI. XXXVI. fig. If). Max- illary palpi rather slender and small ; first article small, second the largest and dilated on the outer side, third smaller, and last conical. Labial palpi minute and of nearly equal breadth ; first article small, second narrow and longer, third of about the same length as the second, but a little thicker, ovate, and truncate. Ligula rounded, with large rounded membranous lobes or wings nearly straight in front and apparently 3g2 408 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. united, probably as in Trimenus (PL XXXVI. fig. 7 e). Mcntum narrowly and straightly emarginatc, without any tooth in the middle. Thorax flat, transverse, and margined. Scutellum rather large, rounded. Elytra broad, flat, parallel, margined; each elytron rounded at the apex. Abdomen above with only the pygidium and a small portion of the penultimate segment visible ; below with all the segments nearly equal, except the first ; pygidium short, broad, and truncate, not pointed. Legs stout ; all the tibise straight ; tarsi rather large. Fosition and Affinities. — Trimenus. Somaphorus. Epurea. SoMAPHORUS FERRrGiNEUs. (Plate XXXVI. fig. 7.) • ■ Latus, oblongus, planus, depressus, parallelus, crebre punctatus, dense testaceo pubes- cens, Isete ferrugineo-testaceus, lateribus ciliatis, pygidio barbato. Long. 2^ lin., lat. 11 lin. . Habitat in insulis Philippinis? Oblong, broad, flat, depressed, parallel, thickly punctate, clothed with long testaceous pubescence, bright ferrugineo-testaceous. Labrum with a marginal line. Head finely punctate. Thorax transverse, twice as broad as long, narrower in front than behind • thickly and strongly punctate, with the disk slightly raised and the sides flat on each side, the flattened portion widest behind, the sides somewhat parallel at the base and rounded in front, widely margined, and ciliated with long hairs ; apex widely and deeply emarginatc ; anterior angles obtusely rounded ; posterior angles acute angles, not sharp at the point ; base deeply bisinuate. Scutellum punctate. Elytra long, of the breadth of the base of the thorax, twice and a half the length of the thorax, parallel from the base almost to the apex, sides margined, apex of each elytron regularly and equally rounded; much punctate and with long pubescence ; exterior apical angles rounded, sutural apical angles obtuse. Apex of abdomen with long tufts of hairs on each side. Tibiae slightly serrated, and fringed with hairs. Erom the Philippine Islands ? Communicated to me by Professor Westwood from the Oxford Museum. Genus Ecnom^us. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 264 (1843). Lacord. Hist, des Ins. Coleopt. ii. 299 (1854). Labrum emarginatum. Elytra apice rotundata, abdominis segmenta tria prima obtegentia. Abdomen segmentis duobus primis brevissimis, reliquis mediocribus; fimbriis sat latis. Pedes compressij tarsis simplicibus. Body, oblong-oval, flat or concave above. Head elongate, without antennal grooves, Epistome dilated before the eyes. Antenna? inserted under the sides of the epistome^ short and slender ; first article cylindrical, longer and thicker than the rest ; second and third of the same form, more slender, rather long, and subequal ; fourth to eighth short ; ninth to eleventh forming a small elongated club. Labrum large, feebly emarginatc. Mandibles much arched, bordered on the outer side, terminating in a long and sharp MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^, 409 point preceded by a strong tooth. Maxillary lol3es broad, bearded at the extremity and on the inner side. Maxillary palpi filiform, with the last article subcylindric. Labial palpi of the same form, but not so slender. Ligula corneous, furnished with two very broad and projecting membranous lobes. Mentum short, broadly emarginate in front. Thorax short, somewhat emarginate in front, truncate straight behind, depressed or hollowed, margined and ciliated on the sides. Scutellum triangular. Elytra flat or concave, margined and ciliated on the sides, apex truncate. Abdomen with two seg- jnents exposed, the first two very short, the others moderate, equal; its sides ciliated. Pimbrise distinct and rather broad. Prosternal projection broadly truncated behind. Legs robust, compressed; tibiae straight, ciliated on the outside, their terminal spurs rather long ; tarsi slender, simple, the first article a little longer than the others ; claws simple. This genus forms an exception to the characters founded on the breadth of the fimbrise ; it has them as broad as in the BrachypepU. Their presence here explains the conditions under which they are developed. Their occurrence appears to depend upon the flatness of the abdomen. Where the edge is sharp, the margins of the underside of the abdomen lap over and form the fimbria ; where the edge is convex or rounded, th^ do not. It is as if a seam at the very edge would leave the suture too open. JEcnommis, although belonging to the section with a less depressed body and abdomen, has the upper side as flat and depressed as any of the Late-fimhrlatoi, and the margins of the abdomen as sharp ; hence the fimbrise overlap. The convexity, however, remains on the underside (see PL XXXV. fig. 9 d). It, as well as SomapJiorus, intercalates badly here. .The smoothest transition between Carpophilus and Epurea is, so far as regards the smaller EpurecB, by JEidooolastus and Haptoncus, and as regards the larger ones, by Trimenm, and the occurrence of SomapJiorus and EcnonKBus interrupts the stream of affinity awkwardly. They compose a parallel or cross group, a proper place for which is difiicult to find. ■ , ■ ' Epurea. . Position and Affinities. — Somaphorus. Ecnom^eus. Nitidula. Mystrops. 1. EcNOMiEUS PLANUS. (Plate XXXV. fig. 9.) Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 264 (1843). , " , /pi'joZawipewrai*, Dej. Cat. p. 134.(18.S7). Cinnamomeus, opacus, testaceo pubescens, subtiliter punctatus. Long. 3^ lin., lat. 1-| iin. Habitat in Senegallia. Large, depressed, even somewhat concave above, oblong-ovate. Body pale, finely punctate, testaceo-pubescent, cinnamon-coloured and opaque above, rufo-testaceous and somewhat shining below. Thorax twice as broad as long, somewhat narrowed in front, a little rounded on the sides, longitudinally hoUowed out ; base truncate in the middle, sinuate, on each side; anterior angles obtuse, posterior angles nearly right angles. Scutellum triangular. Elytra nearly flat, somewhat depressed towards the suture, and 410 MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. sloping posteriorly to the exterior apical angles; apex truncate, hut with both the exterior and sutural angles rounded, the former broadly rounded. Prom Senegal. I have only seen one specimen in the Berlin Museum, and one in Dejean's collection in the possession of the Marquis de la rert6. 2. ECNOMiEUS CONCAVUS. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. v. 438 (1844). Testaceus, nitidus, subtiliter pubescens, thoracis concavi elytrorumque margine elevato. Long. 3^ lin. Habitat in " Christmas Bay." Testaceous, shining, finely pubescent ; the thorax concave, with its margin raised ; the elytra also with a raised margin. Distinguished from JE. planus by its lighter colour, by its shining through the pubes- cence, which is finer and somewhat longer on the upper side, by its breadth behind the wide concave thorax, and by the strongly raised margins of the thorax and elytra, as well as by the l£»nger elytra. Below, the abdomen has a longer pubescence at the apex on each side. Prom Christmas Bay. In the Berlin Museum. 3. ECNOMiEUS SCAPHULA. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. v. 438 (1844). Testaceus, subnitidus, subtiliter pubescens ; thorace brevissimo, coleopterisque leviter con- cavis, his margine lateral! elevato. Long. 2 lin. Habitat in Nubia. Testaceous, somewhat shining, finely pubescent, with the thorax very short, the elytra slightly concave and with the lateral margin raised. Nearly allied to E. concavus (perhaps merely a variety), but only half its size. The thorax is proportionally broader &nd shorter and the elytra less shining. Prom Nubia. There is a unique specimen in the Berlin Museum. Genus Mystrops. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 234 (1843). Lacordaire, Hist. Ins. Col. ii. 294 (1837). Othonea (Dej. in litt.). Caput sine sulcis antennariis. Labrum bilobum. Abdomen segmentis subaequalibus, segmentulo anali ■4n utrovis sexu nullo, segmentis duobus ultimis expositis. Antennae in maribus plerumque longi- ores. Head without antennal grooves. Antennse of different proportions in different species, and in most species of different length in the sexes, longest in the males ; the club is oval or rounded and compressed. Labrum rather large, bilobed. Mandibles projecting, stout, flat, rounded on the outside, simple and sharp at the tip. Lobes of the maxillae MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI.E. 411 elongate, strongly ciliated on the inner side. Maxillary palpi with the first article small, the second bent to the side and conical, the third cylindrical, about the length of the second, the fourth elongate, as long as all the rest together. Mentum slightly bisinuate in front. Labial palpi with the first article very short, the second and third equally long, the third elongate-oval. Ligula corneous, each anterior angle produced into a very slender, long coriaceous point, ciliated on the inner side. Thorax as broad as the elytra at its base, which is bisinuated, with its angles slightly produced behind. Elytra trun- cate, leaving the last two segments exposed. Presternum articulated behind with the metasternum, Metathorax without axillary pieces. Abdomen short, the first and fifth segments a little larger than the rest ; fimbriae absent ; the pygidium and part of the penultimate segment alone exposed. Legs moderate ; thighs robust ; tibise rather widened at the apex, their terminal spurs very small. The first three articles of the tarsi dilated, hairy beneath. Claws stout, simple. The males are distinguished from the females by their head and their antennae being longer and by the clypeus or epistome being impressed. This genus is composed of small insects which have considerable resemblance to some of the Brachypteridce and also to some of the species of JEpurea. It has also relations with Fria through its elongated antennae in the males and the presternum resting on the metasternum. As already mentioned (at the commencement of the CarpopliilidcE), I have had great doubt where to place this genus. It has much afiinity with the Brachijpterida;, of which the species M. adustus is perhaps the strongest example. It is not less closely allied to I^purea, as is well shown in M. deUlis and M. flaviccms. When I was at the commence- ment of the CarpopUli, it puzzled me with its contradictory affinities ; and difiiculties near at hand always appearing larger than those far off, I wished it away from Colastus, and resolved to place it between Carpophilus and Upurea. Now that I have come to that place, I wish it away back again near the Brachypteridce. I believe, were I to do it over again, I should now make a separate group {Mystropida;) for its reception, between the Brachypteridce and the CarpopMlidce. Carpophilus. ^ Position and Affinities. — Brachypterus. Mystrops. Epurea. Pria. 1. Mystrops Dtruus. Erichs. in Germ. Zeitschr. iv. 235 (1843). Othonea longicornis (Dej. in litt.). Convexus, niger, antennis (clava excepta) et pedibus testaceis; maribus thoracis lateri- bus rufescentibus, foeminis concoloribus ; elytris apice singulis rotundatis. Long. Habitat in Brasilia. Short, convex, black, somewhat shining, closely punctate. Head, thorax, and abdo- men griseo-pubescent. ScuteUum and elytra blackish pubescent. Antennae slender, in the male nearly as long as the body (PI. XXXII. fig. 3«**) the first .article stout and 41^ MR. A. MURRAY'S MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY OF NITIDULARI^. elongate ; the second, third, and fourth longer, and nearly equal to each other in length ; the fifth a little longer ; the sixth, seventh, and eighth shorter, and decreasing by degrees ; the cluh oblong, subcompressed, the base testaceous, the ajjex black: in the female reaching to the base of the thorax ; the first article long ; the second, third, fourth, and fifth about equal, oblong; the sixth, seventh, and eighth subglobose; club as in the male. Head with the mouth and sides rufescent. Thorax narrowed in front, the sides sometimes rufescent, sometimes concolorous. Elytra rather short, with the apex of each rounded both in male and female. Abdomen punctulate. Legs testaceous. The males have the thorax with the sides testaceous and the disk piceous. The females are entirely black. The colour generally also is darker in the female, the dark colour in the male being piceous or piceous black, and that of the female black or nearly so. The female has the apex of the elytra rounded like the male, and not peaked as in M. discoideus. Prom Brazil. 2. Mystrops discoideus. (Plate XXXII. fig. 5.) d. 4 e. 4/ 5 b. 6 a. Gb. Carpophilus marginelliis. . Underside. Antenna, (e. w. e.) (a. m.) . Labrum. (a. m.) Mentum, ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) . Mandible, (a. m.) Tetrisus Cholevoides. Antenna, (e. w. e.) • Underside, (a. m.) . Labrum. (a. m.) • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxillary palpus, (a. m.) — . Mandible, (a. m.) Carpophilus (Midovierus) piger. Antenna, (a. m.) ■ Underside, (e. w. b.) [Too many segments in the abdomen, and otherwise in- correct.] • Mentum, ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) Mandible, (a.m.) Stauroglossicus terminalis. Antenna, (e. w. e.) . Underside, (a. m.) . Labrum. (a, m.) • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) . Mandible, (a. m.) Carpophilus {Urophorus) adumbratus. Underside. (a. m.) Eidocolastus plagiatipennis. Antenna. Underside, (e. w. e.) (a. m.) [Incorrect in various respects: the second and third seg- ments of the abdomen should be shorter tlian the rest, and the position of (lie metatlioracic cotyloid cavities is wrong.] Qd. 6 e. 6/. 6y. 7 a. 7 b. 7d. 7e*. 7/ 7 d* 7/* 8«. Sb. 8 c. 8d. Se. 8/ 9 a. 9 b. 9 c. 10 b. Mdocolastus plagiatipennis. Labrum. (e. w. e.) [The emargination too wide, and the lobes not broad nor rounded enough.] • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) • MaxiUa and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) ■ • Mandible, (a. m.) Haptoncus tetragonus. Antenna, (e. w. e.) ■ • Underside, (a. m.) . Labrum. (a. m.) • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) • Mandible, (a. m.) Haptoncus pubescens. Labrum. (a. m.) Maxilla and maxillary palpus. (a. m.) (e.w.e.) 10 e. 10/ 10^. Carpophilus (Mtops) ophthalmicus. Antenna [Pubescence omitted.] ■ Underside, (a. m.) • Head and eyes. (e. w. b.) ■ Labrum. (a. m.) • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) ■ Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) . Mandible, (a. m.) Colastus (Cgllopodes) niger. Antenna, (e. w. e.) [The club is only three-jointed. The upper segment should be a mere line of hairs.] . Profile, (e. w. e.) [The epipleuron and posterior cotyloid cavity incorrect.] • Anterior tibia and tarsus, (e. w. e.) Frosopeus subwneus. Underside, (e. w. e.) [Incorrect. The second segment of the abdomen is only half the length of any of the rest, which are nearly all equal.] • Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) • Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) • Mandible, (a. m.) ...A. . , . ...f.L. ^. EXPLANATION OP PLATE XXXIV. Figures of the entire Insect. rig. I. COLASTUS (CXLLOPODES) POSTICUS. (j. O. W.) II. COLASTUS LATUS. (a. M.) [Pubescence not sufficiently marked.] III. CoLASTUS AMPUTATTJS. (e. W. E.) [Not flat and shining enough.] IV. CoLASTrS OBSCtTEirS. (e. w. e.) [Pubescence omitted.] V. Beachtpepltjs (Tasmus) binotattjs. (e. "W. e.) VI. Beachtpepltjs (Leiopepltjs) EUBiDrs. (j. o. w.) VII. Beachtpepltjs omalitttts. (a. m.) VIII. Beachtpepltjs (Lipaeopeplhs) Colastoides. (a. m.) IX. Beachtpepltjs Lowei. (a. m.) X. BeACHTPEPLUS (OnICOTIS) ATJEITrS. (e. w. e.) Details. \a. Golastus {Cyllopqdes) posticus. Head, labrum, man- dibles, and antenna, (j. 0. w.) 1 h. . Protboracic cotyloid cavities, (j. o. w.) 1 c. — • . Posterior tibia and tarsus, (j. o. w.) Ic*. . Anterior tibia and tarsus, (a. m.) If. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j. o. w.) 1 c**. Colastus (^Cyllopodes) 7'uptus. Anterior tibia and tarsus, (a. m.) 1c***. Colastus {Cyllopodes') scutellaris. Anterior tibia and tarsus, (a. m.) 1 d*. . Mentum. (a. m.) 1 e*. ■ . Ligula, its membranous lobes, and labial palpus, (a. m.) 1 g. . Mandible, (a. m.) 2 a. Colastus latus. Antenna, (a. m.) 2 h. . Underside, (a. m.) 2 e. . Ligula,itslobes,and labial palpus, (a.m.) 2f. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) 2 g. . Mandible, (a. m.) 3 a. Colastus ampidatus. Antenna, (a. m.) 3 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi. (a. m.) 3/ . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) 3"y. . Mandible, (a. m.) 4 a. Colastus ohscurus. Antenna, (e. w. e.) 5 5. Tiracliypeplus(Tasmus)hmotatus. Underside, (a.m.) 5 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi (back) . (a. m.) 5e*. . „ „ „ (front), (a.m.) 5/ . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) 5 g. . Mandible, (a. m.) 6 a. Bracliypeplus {Leiopeplus) rubidus. Head, labrum, mandibles, and antenna, (j. O. w.) 6 b. . Underside, (e. w. e.) [T}ie proportions of the first and second segments of the abdomen are incorrect.] posed nified 6 c. Bracliypeplus {Leiopeplus^rulidus. Tarsus, (j.o.w.) Q e. ■ . Mentum, ligula, and labial palpi, (j.o.w.) 6e*. • . Membranous lobes of ligula more ex- and articles of labial palpus more mag- (a. M.) Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j. o. w.) 7 a. Brachypeplus omalinus. Antenna, (a. m.) Labrum. (a. m.) Underside, (e. "w. e.) Ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi. 6/ 7 6 Id. 7 e. Under- (a. m.) 7 g. . Mandible, (a. m.) 8 b. Bracliypeplus {Liparopeplus) Colastoides. side. (e. w. e.) 8 e. . Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) 8/. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) [The bearding on the inner side is too thin at the top.] . Mandible, (a. m.) 8e*. Bracliypeplus anceps. Ligula and membranous lobes, (a. m.) 8 e**. Bracliypeplus depressus. Ligula, membranous lobes, and labial palpus, (a. m.) Bracliypeplus Lowei. Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) . Maxilla and maxiUary palpus, (a. m.) . Mandible, (a. m.) . Labrum. (a. m.) . Scutellum. (a. m.) Bracliypeplus i^Onicotis) auritus. Antenna, (a.m.) . Head with antennae at rest. (e. w. e.) . Posterior tibia and tarsus, (e. w. e.) Ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi. 8^. 9 e. 9/ 9y. 9 A. 9o. 10 a. 10 S. 10 c. 10 c. 10/ 10 y. lOy*. (a. m.) Maxilla and maxiUary palpus, (a. m.) Mandible, (a. m.) Tooth at apex of mandible, (a. m.) TRANS LI NM S 0 C Vol XXI V ta. h 3^ ./0.1.l^.yi.M. & m:R Dei* ' ■ — EXPLANATION OE PLATE XXXV. Figures of the entire Insect. Fig. I. Halepopeplus Batesii. (a. m.) II. CiLLiEUS CASTANEUS. (j. O. W.) III. CiLLJiUS OBSCUE.US. (e. W. E.) IV. ClLL^US LINEARIS. (j. O. W.) V. OrTHOGEAMMA EtISCIPEIiNIS. (j. O. W.) VI. Htpodettts xanthurtts. (j. o. w.) [Epistome too narrow.] VII. Macrostola straminea. (j. o. w.) VIII. Conotelus eemoralis. (e. w. r.) IX. ' EcNOM^trs PLAJsrirs. (a. m.) X. Tetrisus Hxdropoeoides. (e. w. r.) Details. la. Halepopeplus Batesii. Antenna, (e. w. r.) 1 d. . Underside, (a. m.) 1 e. Halepopeplus hipustulatus. Ligula, its lobes, and the labial palpi, (a. m.) If. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 1 h. . Mentum. 2 a. Cillceus castaneus. Antenna, (j. o. w.) 2 d. . Underside, (e. w. r.) 2 e. . Ligula and labial palpi (as seen by J.o.w.). 2f. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j.o.w.) 2g. . Epistome,labrum, and mandibles, (j.o.w.) 3 a. Cillceus olscurus. Antenna, (e. w. r.) ^d. . Underside, (e. w. r.) 3 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 3/! . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) 3^. . Mandible, (a. m.) 3 Ji. . Labrum. (a. m.) 4 d. Cillceus linearis. Underside, (e. w. r.) [The first segment of the abdomen is too small.] 4 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 4 e*. Cillceus megacephalus. Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 4 e**. . Membranous lobes of ligula. [The ciliation appears to be part of an envelope like that in some of the BrachyjiPfli ; for example, figs. 5 c* & 6 c*, PI. XXXIV.] 4/! Cillceus linearis. Maxilla and maxillary palpus. (a. m.) 4ig. . Mandible, (a. m.) 4 h. . Epistome and labrum. (a. m.) 5 d. Orthogranvma fuseipennis. Side view. (a. m.) 5 e. . Mentum, ligula, and labial palpus (as seen by J. o. w.). [The two middle projections are probably an error. I have been unable to verify them. — A. M.] 5f. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j.o.w.) 6 g. . Mandible, (a.m.) S'/i. . Labrum. (j.o.w.) 6 a. Sypodetus xanthwus. Antenna, (j. o. w.) 6 c. Sypodetus xantTiurus. Presternum, (j. o. w.) Qd. ■ . Underside, (e. w. r.) 6 e. — ■■ . Mentum, ligula, and labial palpi. [Ligula not correct. See woodcut in text, voc. Hypodetus.'\ Gf. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j.o.w.) 6 g. . Mandible, (j. o. w.) 6 k. . Labrum. (j.o.w.) 7 a. Macrostola straminea. Antenna, (a. m.) 7 h. . Prosternum and mesosternum. (j. o. w.) 7 c. . Anterior tarsus, (j. o. w.) 7 d. . Profile, (e. w. r.) 7 e. . Mentum, ligula, and labial palpi, (a.m.) 7 e*. . Ligula and its lobes seen from the upper side. (a. m.) 7e**. . Ditto seen from the under side, (a.m.) If. . Maxilla and maxiUary palpus, (j.o.w.) 7 h. . Labrum. (j. o. w.) 8 a. Gonotelus femoralis. Antenna, (e. w. r.) 8 c. Conoteliis ohscurus. Middle tibia and tarsus, (e.w.e.) 8 d. . Underside, (e. w. e.) [Disproportionately broad, and two first segments dispro- portionately short.] 8e*. Gonotelus substriatus. Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) Sf. Conotelus vicinus. MaxiUa and maxillary palpus. (a. m.) 8y. ■ : Mandible, (a. m.) 9c?. EcnomcBus planus. Side view, (a.m.) 9 e. — — ■ — - — . Ligula, membranous lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) Qf. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a.m.) [Maxilla not sufficiently bearded.] 9g. ■ — ^ — . Mandible, (a.m.) 9 A. . Labrum. (a.m.) 10 e. Tetrisus Hy drop oroides. Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 10 f. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi. (a.m.) 10 g. . Mandible, (a.m.) 10 h. . Labrum. (a.m.) 0^ THE EXPLANATION OP PLATE XXXVI. Figures of the entire Insect. Kg. I. Ctilodes Bosteichoides. (a. m.) II. Ithtphenes gnatho. (a. m.) III. Oethogeamma longiceps. (e. "W. e.) IV. Teimenxjs adpeessits. (a. m.) V. Adocimus belltjs. (a. m.) YI. Caepophiltts ctlistdeicus. (e. "W. e.) VII. SOMAPHOEUS PEEEUGIjy^lUS. (j. O. W.) VIII. Campsoptga pallibipejswis. (e. w. e.) XI. Beachtpeplus (Selis) cuneattjs. (a. m.) Details. la. Ctilodes Bostriclioides. Head, mandibles, labram, and antenna, (a. m.) 1 T). . Profile, (a. m.) [The two first segments of abdomen omitted by engraver.] 1 c. . Ligula,its lobes, and labialpalpus. (a.m.) [The first minute article omitted by the engraver.] 1 d. . Anterior tarsus, (a. m.) 1 e. . Mentum and labial palpi, (a. m.) If. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 1 g. — . Claw of anterior tarsus, (a. m.) 2 a. ItTiyphenes gnatho. Posterior leg. (a. m.) 2 c. . Mentum. (a. m.) 2 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 'if. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 2 g. . Mandibles, (a. m.) 4 e. Trimenus adpressus. Ligtda, membranous lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 4/! . MaxiUa and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 4y. . Mandible, (a. m.) 5 a. Adocimus hellus. Antenna, (a. m.) 5 c. ■ . Labrum. (a. m.) 5 e. . Ligula and labial palpi, (a. m.) 5f. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) [Beard of maxilla rather too long.] 5y. Adocimus lellus. Mandible, (a. m.) 5 h. . Mentum. (a. m.) 7 e. SomapTiorus ferrugineus. Ligula and labial palpi, (j. o. w.) 7^ . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (j.o.w.) 7 g. . Mandible, (j. o. w.) 7 h. . Labrum. (j. o. w.) 8 a. Gampsopyga pallidipennis. Exposed dorsal segments of abdomen, (a. m.) Sa*. . Underside of abdomen, (a.m.) 8 e. . Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a.m.) 8 f. . Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 8 g. . Mandible, (a. m.) 9 g. BracTiypeplus (Selis) apicalis. Mandible, (a. m.) 10 g. Srachypeplus (Selis) caudalis. Mandibles, (a. m.) 10 h. . Labrum. (a. m.) 11 e. Brachypeplus (Selis) cuneatus. Ligula, its lobes, and labial palpi, (a. m.) 11 f ■ Maxilla and maxillary palpus, (a. m.) 11^. . Mandibles (right and left), (a.m.) 11 h. . Labrum. (a.m.) Hi. Campsopya pallidipennis. Labrum. (a.m.) •