STATE OF ILLINOIS HENRY HORNER. Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION JOHN J. HALLIHAN, Director DIVISION OF THE STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY M. M. LEIGHTON, Chief URBANA REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS — NO. 51 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY IN 1937 A Preliminary Statistical Summary and Economic Review BY Walter H. Voskuil, Alma R. Sweeny and G. N. Oliver [Printed by authority of the State of Illinois] URBANA, ILLINOIS 19 3 8 ILLINOIS STATE BIOLOGICAL SURY£)f LIBRARY STATE OF ILLINOIS Hon. Henry Horner, Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Hon. John J. Hallihan, Director BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION Hon. John J. Hallihan, Chairman Edson S. Bastin, Ph.D., Geology Henry C. Cowles, Ph.D., D.Sc, William A. Noyes, Ph.D., LL.D., Forestry Chem.D., D.Sc, Chemistry Arthur Cutts Willard, D.Engr., Louis R. Howson, C.E., Engineering LL.D., President of the University of William Trelease, D.Sc, LL.D., Biology Illinois Coal G. L. STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION Urbana M. M. Leighton, Ph.D., Chief Enid Townley, M.S., Assistant to the Chief Jane Titcomb, M.A., Geological Assistant GEOCHEMISTRY H. Reed, Ph.D., Chief Chemist GEOLOGICAL RESOURCES Senior Geologist H. Cady, Ph.D C. McCabe, Ph.D. James M. Schopf, Ph.D. Earle F. Taylor, M.S. Charles C. Boley, M.S. Non-Fuels J. E. Lamar, B.S. H. B. WiLLMAN, Ph.D. Robert M. Grogan, M.S. H. C. Heilbronner, B.S. Oil and Gas A. H. Bell, Ph.D. Chalmer L. Cooi>er, M.S. G. V. COHEE, Ph.D. P'rederick Squires, B.S. Charles W. Carter, Ph.D. James L. Carlton, B.S. Areal and Engineering Geology George E. Ekblaw, Ph.D. Richard F. Fisher, B.A. Subsurface Geology L. P.. Workman, M.S. J. Norman Payne, Ph.D. Elwood Atherton, Ph.D. Gordon Prescott, B.S. Stratigraphy and Paleontology J. Marvin Weller, Ph.D. Petrography Ralph E. Grim, Ph.D. Richards A. Rowland, Ph.D. Physics R. I. PlERSOL, Ph.D. M.'C. Watson, Ph.D. Donald O. Holland, M.S. Frank W. F. Bradley, Ph.D. G. C. Finger, Ph.D. Velma E. Nichols, M.S. Fuels G. R. YoHE, Ph.D. Carl Harman, B.S. Nan- Fuels J. S. Machin, Ph.D. M.S. F. V. TOOLEY Analytical O. W. Rees, Ph.D. Norman H. Nachtrieb, B.S. George W. Land, B.Ed. P. W. Henline, B.S. Mathew Kalinowski, B.S. MINERAL ECONOMICS W. H. VosRuiL, Ph.D., Mineral Economist Grace N. Oliver, A.B. EDUCATIONAL EXTENSION Don L. Carroll, B.S. PUBLICATIONS AND RECORDS George E. Ekblaw, Ph.D. Chalmer L. Cooper, M.S. Dorothy Rose, B.S. (on leave) Alma R. Sweeny, A.B. M. Frances Harper, M.S. Meredith M. Calkins Consultants: Ceramics, Cullen Warner Parmelee, M.S., D.Sc University of IHinois; Pleistocene Invertebrate Paleontology, Frank Collins Baker, B.S., University of llHnois. Topographic Mapping in Cooperation with the United States Geological Survey. a^^^2 August 1, 1938 (G1847) ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3 3051 00005 6956 CL , ^ CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 7 Acknowledgments 7 Status of fuels in 1937 7 Coal 7 Petroleum and refined products 9 Coal industry in Illinois 11 Production of coal in adjacent states 11 Distribution 11 Origin of lake cargo coal 16 Lake cargo shipments 17 Distribution of Pennsylvania anthracite 17 Petroleum industry in 1937 18 Sources of increased production 20 Market for petroleum products 21 Consumption of gasoline 21 Range oils 21 Heating oils 23 Market for range oil 25 Residual fuel oil 26 Oil supply 27 Sources of oil 28 Natural gas 29 Building materials 29 New materials 31 Development of building methods 32 Building activity 32 Clay products 'hZ Sand and gravel ?i'b Silica sand 35 Plate glass 35 Transportation 37 Competition 37 Rolled glass 38 Structural and architectural glass 38 Glass blocks 40 Summary 40 Other uses of silica sand 41 Molding sand 41 Grinding and polishing sand 41 New uses 41 Agricultural limestone 42 Mineral wool 42 P'luorspar 42 Portland cement 43 Other mineral products 43 [3] TABLES PAGE 1. Summary of production and value of Illinois minerals, 1936-37 8 2. Coal production 1933-37 9 3. Production of crude petroleum and refined products 9 4. Natural gas output 10 5. Hydroelectric power output 10 6. Production of coal in states adjacent to Illinois 11 7. Bituminous coal production by shipping mines in Illinois, by counties and months, for 1937 12-13 8. Output of coal by months and by types of mines, 1936 and 1937 12-13 9. Origin and destination of revenue railroad shipments 14-15 10. Employment by months in mines, by types, 1936 and 1937 16 11. Summary of coal shipments into the Illinois coal market area 16-17 12. Shipments and stocks of lake cargo coal 17 13. Origin of lake cargo coal, 1931-37 18 14. Distribution of Pennsylvania anthracite in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Illinois. . 18 15. Statistical summary of principal oil products, 1936 and 1937 19 16. Petroleum production, by months 19 17. Increase in production of petroleum, by states 20 18. Petroleum production in Illinois 20 19. Summary of demand for principal oil products in 1936, with estimate for 1937, in Illinois and adjacent market states 22 20. Gasoline consumption, 1933-37 22 21. Consumption of oil fuels for commercial and domestic heating, for industrial use, and for oil company use, 1934-36 22 22. Consumption of range oil in Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa, 1934-36 23 23. Fuel oil used for commercial and domestic heating 23 24. Production of gas oil and distillate fuels in the Illinois-Indiana-Kentucky re- finery district, and total petroleum production for the LInitcd States 24 25. Production, stocks and consumption of heating oils in Illinois-Indiana-Kentucky refining district, February, 1935-1938 24 26. Sales of range oil, by regions, 1934-36 25 27. Range oil consumed by states 25 28. Fuel oil consumption, by states, 1934-36, with estimates for 1937 26 29. Consumption of residual fuel oil, by uses, in the Illinois coal market area 27 30. Shipments of oil products through the American and Canadian canals at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and Ontario, 1931-37 28 31. Consumption of natural gas in the Illinois coal market area, 1936 29 32. Natural gas imported into the Illinois coal market area, 1934-36 30 33. Value of building permits in selected Illinois cities and St. Louis, Mo., 1935-37. . 32 34. Value of clay products, 1934-37 33 35. Production of clay products, by classes, 1937 33 36. Shipments of clay products, by classes, 1936 34 37. Flat glass and related glass products, 1931-35 36 38. Tonnage of agricultural limestone used in Illinois, by counties, 1936 and 1937 . . 44-45 39. Fluorspar shipped from United States, by states, 1936-37 46 40. Fluorspar shipped from United States, by uses, 1936-37 46 41. Fluorspar imported into the United States, 1936-37 47 [4] PAGE 42. Imported fluorspar delivered to consumers in the United States in 19v36 and \9M 47 43. Fluorspar consumed and in stock in the United States, by industries, 1936 and 1937 47 44. Shipments of cement from Illinois mills in 1936 and 1937 48 45. Production of sand and gravel by commercial producers in Illinois, by districts, 1935-37 50 46. Production of limestone in Illinois, by districts, 1935-37 51 ILLUSTRATION Figure 1. — Index map oi Illinois showing location of districts according to which pro- duction of sand and gravel and limestone (tables 45 and 46) is given 49 [5] Digitized by tine Internet Arcliive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/illinoisminerali51vosk ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY IN 1937 A PRELIMINARY STATISTICAL SUMMARY AND ECONOMIC REVIEW Walter H. Voskuil, Alma R. Sweeny and G. N. Oliver INTRODUCTION THE mineral industry in Illinois gained substantially in value of output in 1937 over the previous year. In spite of a marked decline in industrial productivity in the latter part of 1937, gains were registered in coal output, sand and gravel production, petroleum, limestone, mineral wool and minor mineral products. Cement output fell slightly from the previous year, as did also natural gasoline, lime and fluorspar. Due to the development of oil production in the Illinois basin, the greatest gain was registered by petroleum. The small increases, or losses, occurred mainly in materials used in the construction industry. A summary of output and value at the source of the principal minerals produced in Illinois in 1937 is shown in table 1. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report is made possible through the cooperation of the Bureau of Mines of the U. S. Department of the Interior, the Bureau of the Census of the U. S. Department of Commerce, the Illinois State Department of Mines and Minerals, and through the generous cooperation of the producers of the State in responding to requests for information. STATUS OF FUELS IN 1937 COAL The national output of bituminous coal in 1937 was 442,455,000 tons as compared with 434,070,000 tons in 1936. Output in 1937 exceeded that of 1936 for the first three months of the year and paralleled it until the close of the year, when the sharp recession in business activity made itself felt in orders for coal. Production in Illinois was 51,240,000 tons, a gain of 714,000 tons over the previous year. Production for the five-year period 1933-1937 for the nation and the State of Illinois is shown in table 2. [7] ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 1. — Summary of Production and Value of Illinois Minerals, 1936-37 1936 Amount* Value 1937 Amount' Value Coal Pig iron Clay products Coke Cement, Portland (barrels) Sand and gravel (total) Structural sand Paving and road-making sand. Glass sand Moulding sand Railroad ballast sand (irinding, polishing and blast sand Kngine sand Fire or furnace sand Other sands Structural gravel Paving and road-making gravel Railroad ballast gravel Other gravel Petroleum (barrels) Limestone (total) Road metal and concrete Klux Railroad ballast Riprap Rubble Agriculture Other uses Rock wool Mineral paints, zinc and lead pigments Natural gasoline (gallons) Natural gas (M cu. ft.) Lime (total) Building Tanneries Metallurgy Paper mills Other uses Feldspar (ground) Fluorspar Quartz (silica) Clay (raw) Tripoli Lead and silver Sandstone Zinc Pyrites Other minerals 50,526,000 2,991,740 2,082,516 4,949,318 12,418,495 1,776,853 1.134,658 536,873 687,384 411,725 151,530 67,344 C') 191,359 1,988,747 4,155,618 1,298.602 17,802 4,445,000 9,234,510 6.823.140 393 , 760 568.570 181,600 340 1.081,600 185.500 $78,820,560 54,583.804 11.513.411 13,098.787 7.056,344 6.017,468 741.682 428,225 628,345 591,756 99,915 439,601 34,455 (") 178,231 882,543 1,597,485 388,612 6,618 5,467,350 7.235.505 5.427,112 219,829 376.009 180,383 609 846,227 185,336 190,000 51,240,000 3,357,959 2,100.000 4.713,734 14,333,482 1.353,913 1.226,798 628,020 914,750 318,839 132,002 54,975 10,836 192,869 1,576,257 6,814,600 1,085,331 24,292 7,426,000 9,819,730 7,251,861 402,611 589,185 192,467 350 1,031,070 352,179 $80,960,000 70,893,278 11,958,913 13,230,000 6,756,747 7,486,610 641.718 541.621 757.138 855.017 88.432 394 , 263 33,329 12,189 185,112 773,051 783,383 418,578 2,779 870,000 335,094 197.969 250,053 416,755 216,713 666 916.860 336.078 215,000 (•') 2,330,869 (") 134,505 (") 83,201 144,675 21.005 1 2 . 930 53,951 8,240 48,549 ,057,765 173,912 96,235 361,609 45,210 380,799 82,056 82,877 126,396 10,981 25,400 1.525,606 483,952 278,996 138,063 28,427 30,952 142,122 20,608 12,649 52,585 8,101 47,179 78,664 96,329 161,537 1 1 , 647 23,150 C^) 112,347 ,039,087 170,410 93.518 353,289 43,642 378,228 ,730,585 575,251 339,706 151,154 22,634 33 , 584 9,472 15,660 28,554 (^) 162,322 Total value , $120,023,118 $129,749,034 " In tons except as noted. ^ Included in other uses. status of fuels iv 1937 Table 2. — Coal Production, 1933-37* (Thousands of net tons) Year United States Illinois Per cent of Anthracite Bituminous 1 bituminous output 1933.. 1934.. 1935 . . 1936. . 1937.. 49,541 57.168 52.159 54,760 50,915 333.631 359.368 372.373 434.070 442,455 37.413 41.252 44.525 50.526 51.240 ' 11.2 11.4 12 11.6 11.6 " Data from ^Vlineral.s Yearbooks, U. S. Dept. fnteiior, Hu. Mines. PETROLEUM AND REFINED PRODUCTS Petroleum and its products showed a substantial increase in 1937 over 1936. The principal items of output in the petroleum industry are shown in table 3. Table 3. — Production of Crude Petroleu.m and Refined Products* (Thousands of barrels) 1936 1937 Crude petroleum: Domestic production Natural gasoline Benzol Total production Foreign trade in crude petroleum: Imports Exports Excess of exports over imports Production, refined products: Gasoline Kerosene Gas, oil and distillate fuels Residual tuel oils Exports and Imports of Refined products Exports: Motor fuel Kerosene Gas, oil and distillate fuels Residual fuel oils Total exports Imports, all refined products: Receipts in bond Receipts for domestic use Total receipts 099.687 42.770 2.502 144.959 32,327 50,313 17.986 516.266 56.082 125,906 287,968 28.646 6,936 20,448 14.435 70.465 18,639 6.138 24,777 1.277.653 48.550 2 , 786 1.328.989 27.484 67.686 40,202 570.979 65,308 146,706 310.161 39 974 8 907 30 024 15 304 92 209 77 352 7 316 29 668 '^ Source of data, U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mine.s, Monthly petroleum statement No. 167, Feb. 9, 1938. 10 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 4. — Natural Gas Output^ (Millions of cubic feet) 1936 1937b Production 2,167,802 454 , 969 618,468 283,421 93,183 156,080 554,397 Consumption: Domestic and commercial use Field (drilling, pumping, etc.) Manufacture of carbon black Used at petroleum refineries Electric public utility power plants Other industrial •' Source of data, U. S. Dept. Interior, Hii. IVFines, .Mineral Market Uei)orts, No. M.M.S. «2ti, Jan. 20, 1938. '' Not available. Table 5. — Hydroelectric Power Oi tpit^^ (Millions of kilowatt hours) 1936 1937 United States, total electric power output Hydroelectric power output, United States 113,602 40,937 242 104 858 518 701 222 9 117,791 43.418 Hydroelectric power output, by states in the Illinois coal area: Illinois 93 Indiana 148 Wisconsin 889 Minnesota 547 Iowa 721 Missouri North Dakota 579 South Dakota 9 Total in Illinois coal market area 2.654 2,986 •■' Source of data, Federal Power Commission, Bu. Engineering, Monthly and Annual Production of Electricity for Public Use in the United States in 1936. April ^12. 1937. Hydro-electric power is not an important contribution to the power supply in the states comprising the Illinois coal market area. If the coal equivalent of electricity generated by water power in these states is calculated at 1.43 pounds of coal per kilowatt hour of electricity, the coal displacement by water power, generating 2,986,000,000 kilowatt hours in 1937 is 2,134,990 tons. The consumption of fuels for electric utility plants in the same states, in 1937 was as follows : Coal 12,286,065 tons Fuel oil, 733,816 barrels, equiyalent to approximately .... 181,300 tons of coal Natural gas, 27,159,552,000 cubic feet, equivalent to approximately 1,086,300 tons of coal COM. IN ILLINOIS 11 COAL INDUSTRY IN ILLINOIS In table 7 is shown the monthly output of coal by counties and by months from shipping mines in Illinois. In table 8 is given the comparative data on monthl\ production by shaft and strip mines for 1936 and 1937. Table 10 shows the number of men working each month in the two types of mines. Particularly noticeable has been the rise in employment in strip mines and a decline in employment in the shaft mines. PRODUCTION OF COAL IN ADJACENT STATES Coal production in adjacent states in the Interior coal basin increased slightly in 1937 over 1936, although two states — Indiana and North Dakota — registered small declines. Table 6. — Production of Coal in States Adjacent to Illinois^ (Thousands of net tons) 1936 1937 Arkansas and Oklahoma . 3,125 17,410 3,550 6,650 8.266 2:258 3,200 Indiana. . 17,270 Iowa . . 3.650 Kansas and Missouri 7.044 Western Kentucky North Dakota 8.283 2,105 a Data from U. S. Dept. Interior, National Bituminou.s Coal Commission, Weekly Coal Reports. DISTRIBUTION Coal consumed in the Illinois coal market area is received from the northern and southern fields of the eastern coal-producing districts, from Illinois, Indiana, and western Kentucky, and, in smaller quantities, from the coal-producing states of Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, Kansas, Arkansas, Wyoming, Colorado and Montana. Of the all-rail shipments of coal into this area in 1937, the Central and Southern Illinois field supplied 44 per cent, the remainder being divided as follows: New Run — Winding Gulf and Pocahontas-Tug River, 19 per cent; Harlan, Hazard & Southern Appalachian, 9 per cent; Northern Illinois, 7 per cent; Indiana, 11 pef cent ; Western Kentucky, 3 per cent; Nine eastern coal-producing districts in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Vir- ginia and Kentucky, 7 per cent. In table 9 is given detailed data on all-rail shipments from producing fields to consuming markets in the Illinois coal market area in 1936 and 1937. 12 ILI.INOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY 'I'able 7. — Bituminous Coal Production by Shipping (Net County January February March April May Christian Clinton Frankhn Fulton Henry Jackson Knox LaSalle Macoupin Madison Marion Montgomery. . . Peoria Perry Randolph Saline Sangamon St. Clair Tazewell Vermilion Washington. . . . Williamson. . . . Woodford Other Counties Total Strip Mines. . . . Shaft Mines. . . 447,229 40,234 1,134.826 290,853 51,741 151,802 63 , 635 39.045 443,184 171.088 45,976 114,168 135,684 368.432 110.657 393.069 294.326 238,098 17,828 227,103 45.198 242.741 10,756 171,389 467.130 40.711 ,218,987 312,734 48,593 161,906 79,059 43,097 445,226 174.127 44.831 114.223 138.193 401.269 140.147 249.393 314.103 254.992 16,137 219,679 45 , 990 279,172 180,931 560,344 42,169 387,659 382.784 267 7 156 328 51, 201, 94, 275 333 850 65 . 990 508,309 187,012 55.915 134.940 155.963 502,904 192,068 497.552 373.189 310.207 16,518 249,637 51.577 333 , 665 162,444 338,792 105,913 24,134 51,084 27,516 15,248 190,661 75,699 6.718 59.500 (") 136,982 37,203 153,641 97,122 78,550 87,719 3,444 91,584 162,444 284,640 2.839 424.250 113,861 27.349 63.729 38.291 9,963 170,635 36.949 46,203 (^) 167.163 49.440 121,943 95,638 62 , 844 785 94, (^) 92,303 (^) 164,265 5,279,062 933,718 4,345,344 5,390,630 1,025.724 4.364.906 6.518,304 1.333,610 5,184,694 1,967,339 450,703 1,516,636 2,067,090 550,598 1,516,492 (Table continued on page 13) Table 8. — Output of Coal by January February March April May Total output, 1936 Total output, 1937 Change. . Shaft mines, 1936. Shaft mines, 1937. Change. . Strip mines, 1936. . Strip mines, 1937. . Change. . 5,227,017 5,279,062 4-52,045 4,343,946 4,345,344 + 1,398 883,071 933,718 +50,647 5,441,892 5,390,630 —51,262 4,625,228 3,364,906 —260,322 816,664 1.025,724 + 209,060 3,773,144 6,518,304 + 2,745,160 3,065,175 5,184,694 + 2,119.519 667.969 1.333,610 +665,641 3,023,452 1,967.339 -1,056,113 2.425,983 1.516,636 —909.347 597,469 450,703 —146,766 2,333,640 2.067,090 —266,550 1,837.556 1.516,452 —321.064 496,084 550,598 +54,514 (Table continued on page 13) COAI. I\ ILLINOIS 13 Mines in Illinois bv Counties and Months for 1937' tons) June July August September October November December Total 364.308 332.729 447.728 394.174 393 . 636 346,543 403.175 4.738.792 5.065 5.866 10.077 18.967 32,677 23.069 30.583 259.583 473.019 567.731 686.041 821,162 1.030.785 958,042 1.068.629 10.109.923 174.924 177.598 218.900 267,427 299.046 252.024 339.598 2.935.662 55.729 55.914 49.052 59,075 67.791 56.385 65.058 612.196 57.284 116.660 140.656 156.844 161.732 162.413 173.635 722.261 45 . 789 53.454 61.774 71.430 63.928 63.571 58.964 1.599.078 9.463 10.664 24.141 31,880 36.582 35.124 52.162 373.359 186.402 207.162 37.468 271,823 316,315 348.830 389.105 3.515.120 45 , 600 48.234 41,560 119,367 138,946 113.956 135,725 1.288.263 (^) (b) (b) (b) 26.255 38.453 317.523 39.116 39.732 49.067 77,826 67,673 76,424 109.714 928.586 54.219 64.803 76.516 82.541 98.345 106.501 118.006 1.112.369 230.762 237.508 261.314 325.245 386.722 389.307 433.231 3.842.839 66.496 95.311 96.065 122.986 131.184 140.874 164.690 1.347.121 183.717 187.869 99.426 332.650 380.812 401.457 448,194 3.449.723 103.992 80.757 135.969 169.024 205.802 209.819 256,686 2.336.427 84,350 82.608 89.914 169.591 192.842 188.393 246.229 1.998.618 C) (^) 5.874 11,226 11.666 12.461 17.860 126.008 99,236 116,533 142,211 164,779 153.335 145.829 157.542 1.858.388 (^) 8,892 27.473 30.994 31.773 32AS5 25.477 310.826 115,556 127,951 159,948 209.906 235.072 221.182 284.912 2.393.992 (^) (^) ('') 73,332 8.091 8,729 11,222 70,876 77,162 114,497 143,934 171,218 204,604 170,230 192,902 2,254,928 2.492.189 2.732.473 3.005.108 4.087.467 4.651.359 4.489.871 5.221.852 48.502.470 669.991 718.388 750.706 1.008.340 1.123.555 1.027.773 1.221.062 10.814.168 1.822.198 2.014,085 2.254.402 3.079.127 3.527.804 3.462.098 4.000.790 37.688.302 " Compiled from Monthly Report.s of Coal Production, Illinois State Department of Mines and Minerals, Springfield, Illinois. ^ Tonnage included in other counties. •= Only one shipping mine operating June 1936 and May 1937. Months and by Types of N' INES, 1936 AND 193 7^ June July August September October November December Year 2,587,551 2,492,189 2,927,413 2.732.473 3,262.884 3.005.108 3,517.873 4.087.467 4,799,164 4,651,359 4.741.897 4.489.871 5.733,619 5.221.852 47 48 329,546 502.470 —95.362 —194.940 —257,776+569.594—147.805 —252.026 —511,767+1 172.924 2.048.041 1.822.198 2.381.167 2.014.085 2.705.435 2.254.402 2,882.300 3.079.127 3.951.695 2.527.804 3.874.976 3.462.098 4.630.909 4.000.790 38 37 772.411 688.302 225.843—367.082 539,510 669.991 546.246 718.388 -451.033 +196.82 71—423.89] 412.878 557.449 750.706 635.573 1.008.3401 847.469 866.921 1.123.555: 1.027.773 1.102.710; 8, 1.221.062 10, ,084.109 ,557. 135 ,814.168 + 130,481| + 172.142 +193.257 +372.7671+276.086 +160.852 +118.352+2.257.033 " Monthly Report of Shipping Mines, State of Illinois, Department of Mines and Minerals, June, 1938. 14 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 9. — Origin and Destination of Revenue Railroad Shipments of (t^xclusive of non- (Net From Chicago District Illinois other'' Mil- waukee, Wis. Wis- consin, other Council Bluffs, Iowa 1936 Western Pennsylvania Central Pennsylvania, Somer- set-Myersdale and Cumber- berland-Piedmont Fairmont (W. Va.) Northern and eastern Ohio. . . Southern Ohio Kanawha, (W. Va.), Logan and Kenova-Thacker (W. Va.- E. Ky.). . ... New River-Winding Gulf and Pocahontas-Tug River Northeast Kentucky and Mc- Roberts Virginia Harlan and Hazard (F. Ky.) . . Northern Illinois Central and southern Illinois. . Indiana Western Kentuckv Total 55,839 40,504 34,188 4,088 6,772 963,093 7,311,836 1.027,008 81,644 2,897.443 561,007 6,321.257 3,056,707 509,608 2,014 6,081 8,945 1.148 87 119,137 415,003 113,871 16,583 405,341 2,163,494 7,379,486 1,164,091 353,782 22.870.994 12.149.063 453 92 2.849 162.999 619 1,270 1,974 1,920 42,230 85,704 3.352 303 . 462 103 1,044 2,861 859 588 41,501 660,394 50,535 48,159 55,508 133,652 1,096,765 378,049 200,396 2.680,414 810 1,186 46 103 440 103 62,131 194 7,238 72,25: 1937 Western Pennsylvania Central Pennsylvania, Somer- set-Mcyersdale and Cumber- land Piedmont Fairmont, W. Va Northern and eastern Ohio. . . Southern Ohio Kanawha, Logan and Kcnova- Tracker New River- Winding Gulf and Pocahontas-Tug River Northeast Kentucky and Mc- Roberts Virginia Hazard, Harlan and Southern Appalachians Fx-rivcr coal Northern Illinois Central and Southern Illinois. . Indiana Western Kentucky Grand Total Per cent of change over 1936. 2,278 55,591 144,680 3,367 1,938 1.335,229 8,213,952 1.074,707 217,398 3,530,670 136 546,388 6,196,423 2,924,433 532,936 24,780,124 +8.3 559 4,561 5,075 2,064 100 104,980 415,370 105,693 32,455 396,185 925 2,161,089 7.708,571 1,251,039 302,017 12,490,683 +2.8 72 379 46 708 102,406 308 2.687 1.375 1,173 38,369 114,253 6,083 267,859 11.7 231 6,391 3 , 564 1,178 393 32,969 559,587 45,465 52,747 41,897 116 152,325 1,114,757 471,166 186,442 2,669,228 847 586 396 144 42,720 434 5,554 50,681 29.9 " Data from National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly Coal Distribution Report No. 79. ' ^ Includes Davenport, Iowa for shipments from Ohio antl the Crescent and includes Davenport, Bettendorf, and lowanna, Iowa for shipments from Illinois, Indiana and AVestern Kentucky; excludes East St. Louis, Illinois. COAL IN ILLINOIS 15 Coal from Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky, and from the Appalachians' revenue railroad fuel) tons) Iowa, other St. Louis, Mo. Kan- sas Citv, Mo. St. Joseph, Mo. Mis- souri, other Kan- sas, other Ne- braska, other Minne- sota South Da- kota North Da- kota 1936 1937 913 59 5.836 648 52 702 19,325 162,077 31,046 17.790 56,890 65.727 491.205 100,779 52,721 8,398 3,458 3.359 1,106 388 2,099 1.740 1.349 42 1.296 185 45 7 250 4,677 215,947 94 , 360 51.086 106,905 165,260 102 11,705 102 3.753.468 54,391 86,990 175 1,961 832 67 403 206 850 1,972 15,577 5,361 2,468 8,332 3,418 135.926 4,014 24,501 210,405 8,514 48 625.446 2,155 2,010 1,043,318 3,593 39,453 21^589 1.692 5,203 131.253 2,819 12,962 612.925 537 1.872.542 441,390 273,615 2.057 211 533 22.935 43 2.396 320 5,647 4.379.840 4.233.368 3,907 23.589 1,095.488 23.329 156.779 1.004.857 204.095 8,900 9,711 2.220 5.082 1,029 374 1,609 1,552 1,200 4,234 140 207 254 12,906 103.613 24,242 18,149 46,183 27 61.375 503.610 95.140 73.287 975 6,157 101 1,114 189,336 52.076 126.113 128.125 290 17.562 28 52 3,950,328 58,969 75,605 25,979 20,377 658 75 188 48 618 2,666 10.525 1,834 2.350 8.155 79,918 180,344 7,451 569.956 914 1,571 733,675 2,557 996,016 4.703 44,092 17^689 4,130 105,953 2,014 6,875 2.423 122.650 1.731 21.329 178 1,716,738 446,575 282,440 1,713 199 50 12.888 303 1.662 97 4.185 4,225,635 4,414,230 2,991 13,565 1,096,905 19,316 122,597 943,347 174,739 6,122 —3.5 +4.3 —23.4 —42.5 + .1 —17.2 —21.8 —6.1 —14.4 —31.2 16 illinois mineral industry Table 10, — Employment, by Month; Number of employees All mines, 1936 All mines, 1937 Change Strip mines, 1936 Strip mines, 1937 Change Shaft mines, 1936 Shaft mines, 1937 Change January February March April 36,686 35,954 —732 2,211 2,711 +500 34,475 33 , 243 -1,232 37,205 35 , 663 —1,542 2,263 2,637 +374 34,942 33,026 —1.916 37,400 35,520 —1,880 2,224 2,718 +494 35,266 32,802 —2,464 30,478 25,253 —5,225 2,040 2,664 +624 28,438 22 , 589 —5 . 849 (Table continued on page 17) ORIGIN OF LAKE CARGO COAL The high and low volatile fields of West Virginia and eastern Kentucky continue to dominate the lake trade in spite of the handicap of higher freight rates to lower lake ports. Lack of a local market and the suitableness of these coals for coking purposes and for domestic heating account for the heavy ship- ments. Table U. — Summary of Coal Shipments, by Fields of Origin, into the Illinois Coal Market Area (1936-37)'' (Tons of 2,000 pounds) From; 1936 [937 Change (Per cent) Western Pennsylvania Central Pennsylvania, Somerset-Meyersdale, and Cumberland-Piedmont Fairmont, VV. Va Northern and eastern Ohio Southern Ohio Kanawha (W. Va.), Logan and Kenova-Thacker (W. Va.-E. Ky.) _. . . New River-Winding Gulf and Pocahontas-Tug River Northeast Kentucky and McRoberts Virginia Harlan and Hazard (K. Ky.) Northern Illinois Central and southern Illinois Indiana W^estern Kentucky Total 58,928 84,463 50,419 13,442 12,826 1,418,635 8,930,235 1,605,173 176,530 4,066,926 3,550,098 22,379,558 5,292,262 1.570,841 3,140 93,535 155,725 13,074 3,799 1,757,623 9,631,984 1,561,994 333,527 4,614,864 3,665,509 22,540,087 5,370,753 1,541,196 49,210,336 51,278,022 —95.0 + 11.0 + 209.0 — 2.7 —70.4 +24.0 + 8.0 — 2.7 +89.0 + 13.4 + 3.2 + 0.7 + 1.5 — 1.8 « Source of data, National Bituminous Coal Commi-ssion, Monthly Coal Distribution lleport No. 79. COM. IN ILLINOIS 17 IN Mines, BY Types, 1936 AND 1937- May June July August September October November December 27,612 24,364 —3,248 27,997 24,627 —3,370 2,030 2,876 +846 25,967 21,751 —4,216 29,055 24,501 —4.554 1,976 2,547 +571 27,079 21,954 —5,125 28,983 26,271 —2,712 2,015 2,612 +597 26,968 23,659 —3 , 309 31,834 30,417 —1,417 2,178 2,690 +512 29,656 27,727 —1,929 34,466 33,088 —1,378 2,245 2,721 +476 32,221 30,367 —1,854 35 , 607 33,850 —1,757 2,337 2,749 +412 33,270 31,101 —2,169 36,361 2,078 2 , 564 2,313 +486 25 , 534 21,800 34,048 —3 , 734 " Monthly Report of Shipping Mines, State of Illinois, Department of Mines and Minerals, June, 1938. LAKE CARGO SHIPMENTS Shipments of coal over the Great Lakes to Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois ports was maintained at a high level in 1937 but fell short of the 1936 shipments. Stocks on hand, as of December 31, continued to increase in 1937 over previous years. Shipments in 1937 will probably show a slight decline. Data on lake shipments and stocks are shown in table 12. Table 12. — Shipments and Stocks of Lake Cargo Coal (Thousands of net tons)* Lake Erie loadings Destination to American ports Stocks on Hand, Dec. 31 Year Lake Superior docks Lake Michigan docks Total 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937'^ 25,173 32,333 35,971 35,837 44,011 43,645 20,014 26,065 28,399 28,680 37,184 35,125 4,588 4,130 4,956 4,370 5,019 5,496 2,215 2,449 2,782 2,534 2,723 2,740 6,803 6,579 7,738 6,904 7,742 8,236 « Source of data: U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. '' National Bituminous Coal Commission, Monthly Coal Distribution Reports. DISTRIBUTION OF PENNSYLVANIA ANTHRACITE Consumption of anthracite, which at one time was an important domestic fuel in the lake shore communities of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Illinois, con- tinues to decline as shown by shipments in 1936 and 1937. Distribution for these years is shown in table 14. 18 illinois mineral industry Table 13. — Origin of Lake Cargo Coal, 1931-37^ (Thousands of net tons) Fairmont, Southern West Virginia Ohio Pennsyl- vania Mounds- ville, Ohio Cumber- land Year Low- High Eastern Piedmont volatile volatile Kentucky 1931.. 3,372 8.246 137 939 5,731 7.632 5,334 1932.. 1,613 7,761 292 986 4,202 6,025 4,294 1933.. 2,588 8,915 291 1,019 6,544 7,363 5,613 1934.. 2,625 10.941 367 946 6,864 7,770 6,449 1935.. 2,267 10,102 334 840 7,404 7,752 7.138 1936. 2,908 11,222 320 1.328 10,103 10,459 9,101 1937^ 3,231 11,763 383 1,936 8,428 10,975 8,530 Source of data: U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. National Bitviminous Coal Commission, Weekly Coal ReporLs. Table 14. — Distribution of Pennsylvania Anthracite in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Illinois'* (Net tons) State Domestic sizes Stearr I sizes Total 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 Wisconsin Minnesota Illinois 372.539 110,971 376,303 354,549 94,507 330,643 89,896 10,641 29,814 75,416 26,423 27,411 462,435 121,612 406,117 429,965 120,930 358,054 Total 859,813 779,699 130,331 129,250 990,164 908,949 Data from U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. No. W. S. C. R. 48. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY IN 1937 Petroleum production in the United States in 1937 amounted to 1,277,653 thousand barrels, or an increase of 17 per cent over the previous year. This is the highest production on record. Stocks of all major products, with exception of gas oil and distillate fuel increased in comparable amounts. The increase in stocks of crude petroleum in 1937 over 1936 is a result of the rapid increase in output beginning in late December 1936. The extent of this increase of output is illustrated by a comparison of monthly output in 1936 and 1937 together with the output recommendations of the Bureau of Mines for the year 1937. This is shown in table 16. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 19 Table 15. — Statistical Summary of Principal Oil Products, 1936 AND 1937« (Thousands of barrels) 1936 1937 Crude oil: Production 1.099,687 288,759 516.266 1.277.653 Stocks, total refinable Motor fuel: 306,084 570 979 Stocks 60.437 74 A50 Kerosene: Production 56,082 65.308 Stocks 6.938 125.906 8.907 Gas, oil and distillate fuel: Production 1 46 706 Stocks 22.813 22.566 Residual fuel oil: Production 287.968 310 161 Stocks 84.236 95 019 ■•' Data from ^ronthly Petroleum Statement Xo. IGT, U. S. Dept. In lerior, Bu. Mine.s, Feb. 9, 1938. Table 16. — Petroleum Production by Months, 1936-3 Z** (Thousands of barrels) Month Oi 1936» 1937' Bureau of Mines forecast of needed oil Diffei January. . . February. . . March April May June July August September. . October. . . . November. . December Total 88.820 82.120 90.568 90.479 93 . 739 90,185 92,028 95.090 90.972 95 . 795 91.018 97,723 1.099.687 98.567 93.173 106.724 104.979 110.911 105.812 110.721 115.090 109.980 110.911 104.206 106,579 1.277.653 92 . 9.S0 85 . 920 97,9.S0 97 . 290 103,320 100.980 106,140 107,3.50 105.280 110.610 105,270 108,230 1,221.270 5.617 7,253 794 689 591 832 581 740 700 301 1,067 1,651 +56,383 Data from Monthly Petroleum Statement, U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mine.s, 19.'jf) and 19oi Increa.se, 19.37 over 19.36—177,966,000 t)arrel.s. Increase 1937 over U. S. Bureau of Mines recommendations — 56.383,000 ])bls. 20 ILl,INOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY SOURCES OF INCREASED PRODUCTION Practically all petroleum-producing states contributed to the increased supply of oil in 1937 with by far the most important increase being supplied by the State of Texas. Increase in 1937 over 1936, by states, and the equivalent in added days' supply for the nation on a basis of daily demand of 3.2 million barrels are shown in table 17. Table 17. — Increase in Production of Petroleum, 1937 OVER 1936, BY States'^ (Thousands of barrels) State Texas California . . . Oklahoma . . . Kansas New Mexico. Louisiana. . . . Wyoming. . . . Michigan. . . . Illinois Pennsvlvania. Increase, Added 1937 over davs' 1936 supply 83,321 26.0 23.748 7.0 22.369 7.0 12.344 3.9 11,574 3.6 10,019 3.1 4,121 1.3 4,000 1.3 2,951 0.9 2,085 0.6 •■' Source of data, Monthly I'etroleum Statement Xo. ItJT. U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. Increases in Arkansas and Indiana were negligible and losses were recorded for Colorado, Kentucky, Alontana, New York, Ohio and West Virginia. In spite of the substantial increase in output, the contribution of Illinois toward an increase of stocks of petroleum and refined products has been negligible. The increase afFected by production in the newly discovered fields in Illinois is shown by a monthly comparison of output in 1936 and 1937, given in table 18. Table 18. — Petroleum Production in Illinois, 1936-37"* (Thousands of barrels) Month January . . I'chruary . . March April May June July August. . . September. October. . . November. December. Total. 1936 4,475 1937 325 368 291 343 296 410 347 386 389 416 383 463 402 530 380 674 386 849 393 912 363 990 417 1,085 7,426 » Source of data. Monthly Petroleum Statements, Nos. 156- 167, U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 21 The posted price of crude oil in Illinois during 1^37 was $1.23 per barrel until January 28, 1937, after which the price was raised to $1.35 per barrel. MARKET FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Consumption of major oil products in Illinois amounted to 47 million barrels in 1936 and is estimated at 52 million barrels in 1937. Gasoline continues to be the most important oil product used, followed by oil for domestic and commercial heating. The smallest of the specialized oil markets is that of range oil but this is of particular interest because of the rapid expansion of this market within a few years and the continuing expanding sales of small oil burners using this type of oil. The five refinery products included in this table represent approximately 91 per cent of the crude oil required for their manufacture. On this basis, the estimated crude requirements for Illinois were 54,500,000 barrels and for the entire group of states, they were 130,000,000 barrels, in 1936. Table 19 shows the demand for principal products in Illinois and adjacent states — Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa, Data on consumption of Table 19. — Summary of Demand for Principal Oil Products in 1936 with Estimates FOR 1937, Illinois and Adjacent Market States (Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa)^ (Thousands of barrels) Product Gasoline 1936 1937 Heating oils 1936 1937 (est.) Residual fuel oil 1936 1937 (est.) Range oil 1936 1937 fest.) Total of above products 1936 1937 (est.) Estimated crude requirements to meet above demand 1936 1937 im Adjacent States Tot a 28,379 30.794 1 1 . 505 13,000 6.846 7.250 555 665 47.285 51,709 54,500 59 , 500 47.786 51.602 9.250 10.450 8.188 8.680 641 775 65.865 71.507 75.750 82 . 200 76,165 82,396 20,755 23,450 15.034 15.930 1 . 1 96 1.440 113.150 123,216 130.250 141.700 Minerals Yearbook, llt37, U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. 22 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY gasoline by states is available for 1936 and 1937. For other major products, data on consumption is available for 1936 and is estimated for 1937. For heating oils, an increase of 13 per cent in 1937 over 1936 is assumed, based upon past records of growth of the heating oil market. For residual fuel oil, an increase of 6 per cent in 1937 over 1936 is estimated on a basis of increased industrial activity in the latter year. For range oil, an increase of 20 per cent is assumed, based upon the rapidly expanding use of this product during the depression and immediately after. The crude petroleum requirements estimated to meet the above needs are calculated on a basis that the above products are equal to 91 per cent of the crude oil required to produce them. CONSUMPTION OF GASOLINE The growth of the gasoline market for the past five years is shown in table 20. Heating oils increased 66 per cent from 1934 to 1936; oil for industrial fuel use increased 22 per cent; fuel for oil company use increased 5 per cent. RANGE OILS Consumption of range oil is small but increasing rapidly. Data by states are available for the years 1934-36. In the Illinois oil market area, consumption is shown in table 22. Table 20. — Gasoline Consumption bv States, 1933-37" (Millions of gallons) Year Illinois Indiana Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa Total 1933 971 439 387 402 356 2,555 1934 1,026 465 421 432 404 2,748 1935 1,069 497 442 443 421 2,872 1936^' 1,192 561 504 481 460 3,198 1937b 1 , 293 613 541 510 504 3,461 Data from Minerals Yearbook, U. S. L)ei)t. Interior, B\i. Mines. Am. Petr. Inst., Petroleimi Pacts ancl Fiprures, Fiftli I^d., IIKJT. 'J'able 21. — Consumption of Oil Fuels for Commercial and Domestic Heating, for Industrial use, and for Oil Company use, 1934-36, IN Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa (Thousands of barrels) 1934 1935 1936 Heating oil Industrial use Oil company use 12,478 8,912 3,978 15,007 9,815 4,503 20,755 10,888 4,146 Total 25,368 29,325 35,789 PF.TROr.F.UM INDUSTRY 23 Table 22. — ^Consumption of Range Oil in Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa, 1934-36" (Thousands of barrels) Year Illinois Adjacent States Total 1934 75 305 555 474 574 641 549 1935 879 1936 1.196 =» Source of data, Mineral IMarket Report No. M.M..S. (JOU, U. S. Dept. Interior. Hu. Mines, Oct. 2ti, 1937. HEATING OILS Heating oils account for 58 per cent of the consumption of gas oil and residual fuel oils in Illinois and adjacent states. In 1936 the Bureau of Mines attempted for the first time to divide the light and heavy heating oils into separate stems. This was done at the request of the oil industry in order that data should be obtained to show how much of the heating oil demand was supplied from the gas oil-distillate fuel group and how much was supplied from the refinery fraction known as residual fuel oil. The marketer's classification of oil of grades 1 to 4 are obtained mainly from the refinery group known as gas oil and distillate fuel and market grades 5 and 6 represent the heavier residuel fuel oils. The rapid growth in heating oil consumption in Illinois and adjacent states as com- pared with oil for industrial purposes, and for oil company use is shown in table 21. Consumption of heating oils increased 66 per cent from 1934 to 1936; oil for industrial fuel increased 22 per cent, and oil for company use increased 5 per cent. Consumption of heating oil, by states, for the years 1934 to 1936, and by grades of oil for 1936 is shown in table 23. Three fourths of the heating oil consists of grades 1 to 4 obtained from the gas oil and distillate fuel fraction. The importance of this fraction as a major Table 23. — Fuel Oil Used for Commercial and Domestic Heating^ 1934 1935 1936 Grades 1 to 4 Grades 5 to 6 Total Illinois. .... 7.348 971 1,776 2,002 651 8.324 8.084 3,421 511 720 636 271 11 505 Indiana Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa 1.103 2,227 2,497 856 976 2,397 2,803 936 1.487 3,117 3,439 1 207 Total 12,748 15,007 15,196 5,559 20,755 =* Source of data, Mineral Market Report No. M.M.S. 600, U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines, Oct. 26, 19:57. 24 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY source of heating; oils and the rapid increase in consumption in the heating oil market raises the question of future adequacy of supply at or near present prices. Due to a rapid expansion of oil production in 1936 and 1937 over 1935, production of gas oil and distillate fuel was able to keep pace with consumption, and no general shortage occurred. Production, consumption, and available stocks at the end of the year for the period 1935 to 1937 are shown in table 24. Tablf. 24. — Production of Gas Oil and Distillate Fuels in the Illinois-1 ndiana- Keniuckv Refinerv Distrct, and Total Petroleum Production FOR THE United States'* (Thousands of barrels) Petroleum production Gas Oil and Distillate Fuel Year Production Consumption Stocks, Dec. 31 1935 996,596 1,099,687 1,271,653 1 1 , 867 989 16,174 1 , 346 17.033 1,419 12.921 1,077 15,442 1,287 17,003 1,417 1,776 Monthly average. . . 1936 2 , 508 Monthly average.. . 1937 ..." 2 , 538 Monthly average.. . =' Data from Montlily Petroleum Statement.'^, Wo'>, IKIJC, and IDoT. V. S. Dei>t. Interior, Bu. Mines. However, the margin of stocks to meet current demand may at times become very narrow. This was particularly noticeable during the severe winter of 1935-36 when stocks in February fell below two weeks' heating demand. Under normal conditions, there has been no threat of a shortage despite increased consumption, The conditions of production, stocks and consumption in the critical month of F'ebruary for three successive years are shown in table 25. Table 25. — Production, Stocks and Consumption of Heating Oils in the Illinois- I ndiana-Kentuckv Refining District, for the Month of February, 1935-38" (Thousands of barrels) Year Production Stocks at end of month Consumption 1935 813 1.699 1,344 1,390 2,012 907 2,000 2,051 1,063 1936 1,940 1937 1,561 1938 1 , 599 Monthly ['etroleiim Statements, IS;?;"), 1^'M'>, and 1IK!7, F. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines. Use of oil for heating purposes will probably not show such a rapid growth in 1938 as in previous years. There appears to be some falling off in the rate of PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 25 oil burner installations. The record of shipments of oil burners to markets in the United States, for four years, is as follows: Year Shipment of burners^ 1934 96.633 1935 134,649 1936 192.274 1937 187,180 ■■' M<)nlhl> report of Bureau of the Census. Washington, D. (\ MARKET FOR RANGE OIL The fuel sold as range oil is usually a kerosene, although in some markets it varies from kerosene to grade 1 fuel oil. The use of range oil for room heating, hot water heating and cooking began in recent years in the New England states, when lowered incomes made it imperative to save on fuel costs. The market for this type of fuel, though small, appears to be expanding rapidly, especially in eastern states. The sale of range oil, by regions, in 1934 to 1936, is shown in table 26. The market for range oil in the Illinois oil market area is shown in table 27. Table 26. — Sales of Range Oil by Regions, 1934-36=* (Thousands of barrels) Region 1934 1935 1936 Pacific Coast. 459 43 548 67 596 80 951 1.522 331 937 9.912 12.530 3 , 869 5 . 208 191 714 1.944 South Central New England Middle Atlantic 1.222 14.505 8 036 South Atlantic 909 Total 15.756 21.526 27.292 " Data from Mineral Market Reports Xo. :M.M.S. 600, U. S. Dv^-pt. Interior, Bu. Mines, Oct. 26, 1937. Table 27. — Range Oil Consumed by States'* (Thousands of barrels) 1934 1935 1936 Illinois 75 21 76 311 66 305 60 153 209 152 555 Indiana 79 190 Minnesota 221 Iowa 151 Total 549 879 1.196 =' Data from Mineral Market Reports No. M.M.S. 600, U. S. Dei>t. Interior, Bu. Mines, Oct. 26, 1937. 26 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY The popularity of range oil, which first manifested itself in the New England area, is likely to spread in the Central States also. Householders are learning the value of range oil for its convenience and economy, where part-time heating is adequate, or where other fuels are not readily available. The expanding use of range oil also has brought about a decided improvement in the manufacture of burning devices for this fuel. The popularity of this type of burner is demon- strated by the rapid increase in sales since 1935. While data, by states, is not available, the record of sales in the United States is as follows: Year Burners 1935 268.840 1936 406,051 1937 466,726 Types of burners fall into two classes, i.e., perforated shell or sleeve type, and vaporizing bowl or pot t\pe. The distribution of burner sales in the United States, in 1937, was as follows: Perforated shell or sleeve type, total shipments 278,861 Complete heating units 103,618 Cooking units 12,563 Water heaters 10,305 Convers'on burners 152,375 Vaporizing bowl, or pot type, total shipments 187,865 Complete heating units 168,632 Cooking units 3,033 Water heaters 7,228 Conversion burners 8,972 RESIDUAL FUEL OIL Fuel oil for industrial use shows only a moderate increase in 1936 over the two previous years. This increase is probably in accord with the rising trend of industrial production and does not indicate a further extension of residual fuel oil in the industrial market. Table 28 gives the consumption of residual fuel oil in the Illinois market area for the period 1934-36, and table 29 gives detailed uses for the year 1936. Table 28. — Fui Oil Consumption, by States, 1934-36, and 1937 Estimates" (Thousands of barrels) 1934 1935 1936 Illinois 13,206 6,199 2,415 2,796 1,032 15,037 6,935 2,992 2,986 1,378 18,351 Indiana 7,450 Wisconsin 4,022 Minnesota 4,093 Iowa 1,873 Total 25,648 29,328 35,789 "Mineral Market Reports No. M.M.S. G25, U. S. Dept. In- terior, Bu. Mines, Jan. 27. 19:]S. PETROLEUM INDUSTRY 27 Table 29. — Consumption of Residual Fuel Oil, bv Uses in the Illinois Oil Market Area, 1936» (Thousands of barrels) U. S. Oil Gas and Smelters Manu- Army Com- Miscel- State Rail- Vessels electric and factur- and pan- lan- Total roads plants mines ing Navy ies eous Illinois 358 21 297 82 3,769 104 1,983 232 6,846 Indiana 46 167 228 113 3,223 1 2,160 25 5 , 963 Wisconsin . . . 19 26 226 32 562 1 5 34 905 Minnesota . . 21 109 9 435 2 3 75 654 Iowa 73 280 2 194 8 109 666 Total 517 214 1,140 238 8,183 108 4,159 475 15,034 " Data from Mineral Market Reports No. M.M.S. «i Jan. 27, ly^S. U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mine.s, OIL SUPPLY For the supply of oil to consumers in the Illinois oil market area, refineries are located in the Chicago area, in southeastern Illinois, in the St. Louis area, and at scattered points elsewhere. The Illinois refineries are included by the Bureau of Mines, for statistical purposes, in the Central West refining district which comprises Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, western Ohio and Michigan. The total capacity of the refineries in this district is 522,530 barrels daily, of which 248,500 barrels capacity, or 47.6 per cent is located in the Chicago industrial area in Cook and Will Counties, Illinois, and Lake County, Indiana. This refining district, therefore, is the principal center of supply of refined products. The distribution and capacity of refineries in the Central district are as follows: Location Chicago district (including Indiana) Other Illinois Ohio Kentucky Michigan Total No. of plants 15 6 13 8 23 Daily capacity (Barrels) 248,500 98,500 85,430 27,600 62,500 65 522,530 The largest aggregate and individual capacities are located in the Chicago industrial area including Lockport and from these plants are shipped oil products to the heavily populated districts bordering Lake Michigan. The other important refinery locations in Illinois are in the St. Louis area near Alton and in the south- eastern Illinois field. Refineries in Indiana are all located in the Chicago indus- trial districts with the exception of a small refinery of 200 barrels daily capacity, located at Troy. 28 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Refineries in Kentucky are all small in size, the largest being at Latonia, near Cincinnati, Ohio, with a capacity of 8000 barrels. These refineries probably serve a local market and do not extend their activities into the Illinois area. The principal refineries in western Ohio affecting the Central States' oil market are concentrated mainly in the Toledo area with smaller refinery capacity located at Findley and Lima. About 80 per cent of this refinery capacity is located at Toledo. A portion of the Minnesota oil market is supplied by these refineries through shipments over the Great Lakes through the Sault Ste. Marie canal. The extent of this market is indicated by shipments of oil products through the American and Canadian canals at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and Ontario, for the period 1931 to 1937. Table 30. — Shipments of Oil Products Through the American and Canadian Canals AT Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and Ontario, 1931-37^^ (Barrels) Year American canal Canadian canal Total 1931 1932 2.040,000 3,120,000 117,000 62 , 200 322^000 422,000 512,500 441,090 2,157,000 3 182 200 1933 3 160 000 1934 1935 3,109.700 3,380.000 3,141.600 3,620.298 3,431,700 3,802 000 1936 3.654 100 1937 4 061 388 a statistical reports of lake commerce passing through canals at Sault Ste. Marie, IT. S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Michigan refineries are mainly small plants, the largest having a daily capacity of 8000 barrels with an average daily capacity of less than 3000 barrels for the 23 refineries. The market outlets are probably largely local. Summary. — The refining centers mainly concerned with the supply of oil products into Illinois markets are those located in Chicago, Alton, and south- eastern Illinois. These refinery centers also extend their market operations into Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Indiana. SOURCES OF OIL Since the production of oil in Illinois and Indiana is far below the market requirements for reHned products in the area, considerable quantities of crude petroleum are imported from producing fields in the mid-Continent. States which ship oil to refineries in Illinois are Kansas, Oklahoma, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Texas. In 1936, which is the latest year for which data on interstate movement of oil are available, the U. S. Bureau of Mines show receipts at refineries in Illinois as follows: HUM. 1)1 NO MATKRIAI.S 29 State Barrels Oklahoma 24,651.000 Texas 3.720.000 Illinois 4.213.000 Other 7,658,000 Total runs to stills 40,242,000 With an estimated demand of 54,500,000 barrels of crude needed in 1036 to produce the refined oil requirements of Illinois, there is an apparent net importa- tion of these products equivalent to 14,000,000 barrels of crude from refineries in other states. Most likely this is supplied by the Indiana refineries in the Chicago industrial district. NATURAL GAS The consumption of natural gas in the Illinois coal market area continued its upward trend in 1937. Total sales of natural gas in Illinois amounted to 77,000^ million cubic feet as compared with 72,516 million cubic feet in 1936. Detailed data for gas consumption by uses, and by states in the Illinois fuel market area for 1937 are not yet available. Distribution of gas for the years 1934 to 1936 is given in table 32. Table 31. — ^Consumption of Natural Gas in the Illinois Coal Market Area, 1936^* (Millions of cu. ft.) Illinois Iowa Missouri South Dakota Nebraska Domestic and commercial. . . . Field 22.468 959 231 2,033 46,825 4.643 13.962 189 2.119 5,810 Petroleum refineries Electric utility plants 4,541 11,734 4,862 21,111 878 2,064 2,981 Industrial, other 7,989 Total 72,516 20,918 40,124 5,061 16 780 r. S. Dept. Tntorior, Mineral.s Yearbook, 1937, Bu. Mines, ]). 1080. BUILDING MATERIALS The building industry is slowly reviving from a virtually stagnant condition of 1932. Progress has been somewhat erratic and halting, but the trend is upward. This condition is not unexpected in view of the long period of economic un- certainty through which the nation is slowly passing. Expenditures for dwellings, under such conditions, lag considerably behind that of purchases for more immediate necessities. This, however, must not obscure the fact that building 1 Illinois Gas Utilities, a c-omparative study of llKiT sales, llesearoh Bulletin 2r>, Illinois Commeroe Commission. 30 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 32. — Natural Gas Imported into the Illinois Coal Market Area, 1934-36* (Millions of cubic feet) From 1934 1935 1936 To Illinois Oklahoma .... 18 Kansas 2,019 10,971 164 29,952 111 3 2,107 13,574 163 39 , 886 110 34 2,385 17,214 Missouri 53 Texas 51,800 Kentucky 89 95 Total 43,220 55,874 71,654 Kansas. . . . Louisiana. Oklahoma. Texas Total , To Missouri 4,716 9,274 2,880 [2,597 29.467 3 , 799 10,517 6,342 12.024 32,682 6,896 12,205 7,474 13,284 39 , 859 To Iowa Kansas 5,617 11,019 6,980 12,096 1 6,964 Texas 13,954 O H 1 h r» m fl Total 16,636 19,077 20,918 Kansas. . . , Oklahoma. Texas Wyoming. Total. To Nebraska 6,323 181 5.473 812 7,727 455 5,454 675 8,555 507 6,814 904 12.789 14,311 16,780 To Minnesota Kansas 3,621 6,025 2 4,552 6,141 O H Q h r» m n 3,504 5,777 Total 7,125 10,579 11,918 Grand Total 109,237 132,552 161,129 U. S. Dept. Interior, Bu. Mines, Mineral Market Reports. BUILDING MATERIALS activity must eventually be resumed, not only to replace structures which have depreciated below the point of occupancy but also to provide needed additional housing facilities for a growing population, both generally, and in specific areas. The interest that was stimulated in housing as a means of providing employment during the prolonged period of economic distress, while not as fruitful of results as was hoped, did at least bring about development of new materials for use by the construction industries, and also brought to light the necessity of meeting certain changing conditions. The principal changes that are evident in the building industry today compared with the previous cycle of active building activity which preceded the industrial decline in 1930 are: (1) Changes in relative supply of building material?. (2) Development of new products, (3) Proposed development of new building methods. Probably the most significant although least apparent of the changes that should be noted is the relative decline of wood as a building material and the substitution of clay products, concrete, and to a lesser extent steel and glass. The significance of this decline lies in the fact that in the past wood has been the most widely used construction material for dwellings and small structures and as the most important competitor of structural clay products. It still leads the field in building materials for this type of construction but a tendency toward the use of brick, particularly as a supplementary material as in brick veneer structure, is increasing. The fundamental factor in the changing ratio of wood to brick is the de- clining supply of timber in the wood producing regions of the Central West. The principal source of timber is the southern forest area followed by supplies from the Central West and the Lake States. Only in the south does the annual timber cut exceed the quantity available for export to other districts. Surveys show that the southern timber region is rapidly being depleted and the present available surplus will be converted into a deficiency. When this condition arrives, there will remain in the United States but one region of lumber production where annual cut is in excess of local demand — the Pacific Coast. The timber needs of the Middle West must then be supplemented by shipments from the Pacific Coast. This will result in an upward readjustment of prices which must at least equal cost of production plus freight rates from the Pacific Coast to points in the Middle West. The competitive relationships of wood and other materials will then be changed in favor of the latter. NEW MATERIALS The period of the depression and quiescence in building activity served to stimulate research in the development of new materials of construction, some of which are proving practical and will enter into construction work. Among 32 ri,LINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY those that should he mentioned are ashestos shingles, glass hriclcs, sheet steel, rostone, etc. Most of the new materials offered to the huilding industry are in the nature of supplementary materials designed to conserve heat, improve lighting conditions, and in other ways add to the standards of comfort. Materials such as rostone and sheet steel are designed to replace existing materials for outer walls, but do not appear to have had wide acceptance. Within the field of earth materials, the most important materials continue to be brick and concrete with an increasing interest shown in stone veneer in districts where suitable material is available. The use for glass brick in portions of a building where diffused light is desired probably offers an increasing outlet for this relatively new^ type of product. DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BUILDING METHODS Changes in building methods of a new and radically different nature have not evolved. Trends toward increased mechanization in material handling and construction is apparent but are not of a nature to affect building costs substan- tially. BUILDING ACTIVITY Building activity in Illinois, as measured by value of building permits issued in 16 Illinois cities and in St. Louis, Missouri, shows an increase of 28 per cent over 1936. Notable increases were recorded in Chicago, Cicero, East St. Louis, Elgin and Moline, while decreases in building activity occurred in Decatur, Oak Park, Peoria, Quincy, Rock Island and Springfield. The record of building permits for the years 1935 to 1937 in selected Illinois cities is given in table 33. Table 33. — Value of Building Permits in Selecied Illinois Cities and St. Louis, Mo., 1935-37=' City Aurora Bloomington Chicago Cicero Decatur Fast St. Louis Klgin Evanston Freeport Moline Oak Park Peoria Quincy Rockford Rock Island . . Springfield. . . . St. Louis, Mo. Total 1935 $ 250,270 379,122 12.936.409 198.240 588,102 869,123 217.945 947.750 229.090 335.893 626.200 1,791.342 95.065 374,065 332,906 456.453 11.355,867 $32,083,842 1936 $ 537.779 300.615 19.007.332 200.000 872,839 392.083 499,401 2,108,200 272,252 619,238 1,491.575 4,649.580 224,820 1,191.295 1,499,587 2,887,557 13,775,132 $50,539,285 1937 $ 741,477 477,534 28.806.443 748.820 792.646 933 , 838 1,226,555 3.128,050 336,777 1,982,512 988,625 2.386,806 181,776 1.326,440 1,336,300 1,624,587 8,735,111 $55,754,297 •■> Commercial and Financial Chronicle, Jan. 22, 19.3S, p. 6. CI.AV rRf)nUCTS j3 CLAY PRODUCTS The value of cla> products, includinji pottery, amounted to $11,753,146 in 1937, a slight increase over 1936. The value of output from 1934 to 1937 is shown in table 34, and the value by principal products for 1937 is shown in table 35. The year 1937 opened with a brisk demand for structural clay products which continued until midyear, after which there was a sharp decline. This is illustrated in table 36 showing the record of monthly shipments of common brick, face brick and hollow building tile in Illinois in 1937. Table 34. — Value of Clav Products, 1934-37 Class 1934 1935 1936 1 1937 Structural and refractory clay products $4,498,960 1,446,239 $4,555,624 2,264,521 $8,625,364 2,888,047 $8,711,062 Pottery 3,042,084 Total $5,945,199 $6,820,145 $11,513,411 $11,753,146 Table 35. — Production of Clay Products, by Classes, 1937 Products Quantity Value Quantity Stocks on hand Dec. 31, 1936 Common brick (M) Face brick (M) Hollow brick (M) Hollow building tile (tons) Vitrified brick or block for paving (M) for other purposes (M) Drain tile (tons) Fireclay products Refractory cement (clay) (tons) Clay sold, raw or prepared (etc.) Other clay products (except pottery)*. Potterv 178,641 77,047 SI. 781, 364 1,317.749 62,668 9,079 275,031 216,644 56.543 i;071 412.906 1,239.226 65,032 291.549 3.111.561 3.042.084 72,795 31.177 19.587 4.246 10,094 66 •■' Terra cotta, sewer pipe, flue lining, wall coping, and nonclay refractories included under "Other clay products, except Pottery." Decline in shipments of structural clay products was apparently accompanied by reduced production schedules since stocks on hand on December 31, 1937 showed no appreciable change from the previous year with the exception of face brick which showed an increase. 34 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 36. — Shipments of Clay Products in Illinois IN 1936, BY C lasses* Number plants Shipments Stocks on hand at end of month (Thousands) Month Thousands Value Common Brick January . . February. March April May June July August. . . September October. . November December. January . . February. March . . April May June July August. . . September October . November December. 40 10.544 $ 98,924 68,789 40 11,015 108,615 59,761 40 18,861 182,419 47,723 40 20,488 194,302 44,435 40 20,098 194,842 49,985 40 20,463 191,658 59,661 40 17.881 174.741 55,895 40 17,867 180,759 50,496 40 17,053 176,571 63,149 40 18,227 187,318 66,653 40 15,079 153,019 69,914 40 9,690 98,682 73,328 Face Bn ck 16 1,810 $29,838 29,321 16 2,429 42,465 31,904 18 5,659 98,794 33,241 18 7,211 131,708 33,411 19 7,807 142,000 33,986 19 7,673 142,461 33,112 20 8,374 149,989 35,648 20 7,610 134,837 34,387 20 6,733 118,450 33,112 20 6,097 108,110 33,867 20 4,338 76,067 35,143 20 2,265 39,023 34,158 Hollow Building Tile 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 (Tons) 5,331 5,373 7,783 8,950 10,465 10,153 9,544 8,149 6,339 5,756 4,053 3,689 $30,922 29,832 43,271 50,031 56,666 54 , 230 51,085 44,536 35,576 35,518 23 , 793 19,837 (Tons) 36,295 37,447 March April May 38,106 36,731 35,324 31,912 ju y 34,766 August September 35,186 35,768 34,743 35,601 36,665 » Bureau of the Census, Monthly Reports on Structural Clay Products, 1937. SAND AND GRAVEL 35 SAND AND GRAVEL Production of sand and gravel in Illinois totaled 14,333,482 tons, of which 4,811,002 tons were classified as sand and 9,522,480 tons as gravel. SILICA SAND The quantity of glass sand produced in the United States in 1937 was 2,750,000 tons of which Illinois produced 628,020 tons. Besides Illinois, other important producing states are Arkansas, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. High purity is required in glass sand, conse- quently it is not so abundant as other grades of sand. Moreover, the cost of preparing glass sand in proportion to its selling price is higher than that of molding, fire or furnace, grinding and polishing, and filter sands, consequently many firms find it more profitable to produce other sands in preference to glass sand. The favorable reputation of Illinois silica sand as glass making material has long been recognized and a wider manufacture of glass products for markets in Chicago and other cities of the central west should be developed. In Report of Investigations No. 39\ an analysis of the glass market in the United States and the relation to the source of raw materials in Illinois was made. In the present report, a further analysis is made of developments in the glass industry in the nation with reference to its bearing on the glass sand materials available in Illinois. Production of flat glass products, by principal items, in 1931, 1933, and 1935, is shown in table 37. This shows a marked recovery in 1935 from the low of 1931 although production has not yet reached the peaks achieved in the decade preceding 1930. PLATE GLASS In general, plate glass markets may be divided into three groups; automobile, mirror, and building construction. The automobile industry, which is localized in and around Detroit, has in recent years taken over 60 per cent in quantity of the plate glass produced in the United States. The mirror industry, with plants located at the important furniture manu- facturing centers, such as High Point and Lenoir, N. C, Grand Rapids, Mich., Bloomington, Ind., Jamestown, New York, and New York City, consumed from 10 to 15 per cent of the plate-glass output. Plate glass other than that used in automobiles and mirrors is sold in markets widely distributed throughout the United States. 1 Voskuil, W. H., and .Sweeny, A. II., lllinoi.'< Afineral Industry in 19:54: Ulinoi.s State Geological Survey, Rei>ort of Inve.stigations 'M, pp. 44, 4ij, liCJl. 36 Table 37. illinois mineral industry Flat Glass and Related Glass Products; United States Production as AS Reported by the Bureau of the Census, 1931-35* 1931 1933 1935 Flat glass and related glass products: Plate glass: Polished: Square feet Value 87,017,237 $25,765,129 $0.30 (") 266,772,159 $10,307,396 $0.04 17,796,456] $2,388,939 $0.13 1,448,284 $550,725 [■ $0.38 14,215,553 $1,249,681 $0.09, 80,125,335»> $24,037,600« $0.30'^ (") 249,441,799 $10,455,883 $0.04 19,858,490 $2,590,980 $0.13 177,263,473 $41,818,918 Unit value Rough (for sale as such): Suuare feet $0,236 (d) Value . . . (*^) Unit value Window glass: Snnarp feet 428,938,357 Value $18,180,053 Unit value Obscured glass including cathedral and skylight: Square feet Value $0.04 ^ 14,372,434 $1,644,356 $0,114 Wire glass: Polished: 11,960,829 Value $1,369,144 $0,115 Rough: Value Unit value $5,254,131 Total flat glass, value $40,261,870 13,870,523 22,456,336 $37,084,463<= 32,877,790 $68,266,602 Mirrors (elass). value 13,797,368 Glass products made from purchased crlns's valup . . . 54,970,285* Gross total flat glass and related glass products, including dupli- 76,588,729 69,962, 253« 137,034,255 » U. S. Tariff Commission Rept. No. 123, 2nd Ser., 1937. •' Reported by Plate Glass Manufacturers Association. c Estimated. . , I A^ [^ — A L — \ r. 10 3C 40 50M,lcs Figure 1. — Index Map of Illinois Showing Location of Districts According to which Production of Sand and Gravel and Lime- stone, (tables 45 AND 46) Is Given. 50 ILLINOIS MINERAL INDUSTRY Table 45. — Production of Sand and Gravel by Commercial Producers in Illinois, BY Districts, 1935-37 District 1935 1936 1937 Number Tons Value Tons Value Tons Value I, II III.. IV. . V ... VI. . I, II III.. IV V. .. VI. . I, II III . IV. . V. .. VI. . I, II III . IV V. .. VI. . I, II III.. IV. . V. .. VI. . 569,693 263,561 169,728 126,935 27,958 99 084 84 321 82 785 71 310 16 857 Structural Sand 580,219 366,493 376.406 78.775 113.631 $214,246 176.748 163.632 44,334 60,775 285,810 326,136 426.356 164.843 54 . 998 Paving and Roadmaking Sand 825.082 234.821 268,420 (') 42.602 326 372 111 458 145 .586 ( M 24 ,060 Structural Gravel 688.276 280,133 363.714 170,744 525,805 231.672 (^) (-) 36,106 25,411 Paving and Roadmaking Gravel 351,715 342,171 538,540 47,634 155,598 Railroad Ballast Sand and Gravel 424,338 183,666 1,009,127 332,754 152,804 915,074 713,663 334,414 1.348.041 C") (") 95,370 88,633 39.845 290,158 1,11 Ill IV V 763,584 71,718 233.205 32,739 VI (a) f") 841.133 (') 147,700 (») (») 221,865 (a) 59,779 (a) (^) 11,368 210,247 23.502 55,851 Other Sand and Gravel 5,374 458,365 25,902 29,131 Total Sand and Gravel 13 431 ,508 108 57 267 26 575 57 722 8 188 1.902 276 38 903 14 645 41 336 313,329 428,770 587,813 (^) 45,001 1,089,571 501,967 915,833 25,337 257.845 619.440 499,261 365,284 (") 21.118 1.825.137 152.883 103,825 309,930 $130,490 153.521 218.256 88.030 29.160 210,411 76,259 460.694 156.633 469.325 148,771 121,501 42,773 289.775 73.458 159,786 78,685 372,627 156.696 515.491 194,992 266,469 134,822 (") • («) 87.963 48,675 131,785 60,856 48,879 41,767 39.455 26,458 55.173 28,168 155,835 213,032 319,111 21,896 385,922 243,905 433,239 10.125 134.425 181,821 155.998 182.400 (») 22.200 2.570,501 71,192 48,004 144,582 1,11 Ill IV V VI 2,804,476 2,404,132 1,619.658 347,686 304,283 1.023.960 1.928,128 778,122 173,624 168,966 3,592,880 3,969,769 2,980,710 363,983 543,191 1,232,780 2,807,433 1,227,518 195,481 312,332 2.798.593 3.741,057 2 , 699 , 638 433 , 790 722,947 1,025,039 3,415,642 1.359,020 207,015 358,231 Illinois.. . 7,480,235 $4,072,800 11,440,533 $5,775,544 10,396,025 $6,347,847 Concealed in total: less than three producers. sand and gravel 51 Table 46. — Production of Limestone in Illinois, by Districts, 1935-37 District 1935 1936 1937 Number Tons Value Tons Value Tons \'alue 1,11 111 . IV. . V. . . VI. . I, II III . IV. . V . . . VI . . I, II III.. IV . V. .. VI. . I, II III.. IV. . V. .. VI. . Road Metal and Concrete 1,885,437 178,875 93.318' 705.003! 102.6191 353.636 SI 151.092 158.385 94.450 606.151 96.504i 4.230.363 273.623 192.597 726,112, 163,957 82.290.2811 136.253' 180.134 607,228, 180,3401 36.010 Railroad Ballast 230.481 534.257 338.538, 27,091 45,779 36,773 Agricultural Limestone 115.670 14.154 20.369 165.923 34.465 331,774 70.273 12,635 25,095 114,255 24,677 169,802 671.022 13.353 64.777 314.498 30.115| Flux 457.125 15 .535 80.505 261.889! 25.506 (^) 577.482 172.290 149.078 409,906 100,920 172.751 54.000 389.675 4.950 35A23- 315,715 46,359 SI. 051. 075 120.673 149.950 376.363 143.485 116.069 {') (^) 48.708 295.822 4.950 43.537 348.173 44.976 (^)) (^) I, II III.. IV.. V... VI . . I, II III.. IV.. V. .. VI. . I, II III.. IV. . V . . . VI. . 449 4,019 (^) (^) 661 5,104 15,355 (^) (^) 7,759 Rubble and Rip-rap 15 257 C*) 4 695 112 029 (^) 16,555 (^) 5,838 112,526 5,519 25,668 101,496 Miscellaneous 24,508 18,396 30,877 32,456 40.056 52,091 30,8661 3,095 18,647 117,413 9,165 22,400 108,900 52,394 5,590 54,667 150,014 Total Limestone 2,861,466 193,429 137,277 1,053,861 141,367 1,830,141 171.420 172.100 917,128 126,440 4.387.350' S3. 217. 319 897.763 323.123 306.912 320,653 197.649 ,378,003 207,388 345.652 ,172,563 208,782 8.046,200 S5, 312, 388 12,576' 101,360; 3.536! 54.323' 6.284! 211,1441 23,900! 28,406 273,361 2,375,191 302.500 225.789 1,107,305 270,461 b7, 094, 479 19.145 14.889 3.545 92.025 8.644 151.493 31.004 53.083 400.976 679.257 215.516 297.257 172.563 247,712 *'S6. 157.943 •1 Figures concealed in total. •' WPA production (mainly road metal and rubble) of 2,,si3,0o3 tons, with a value of $2,407,950, i.s included in the total for Illinois, but not in the district figures.