c Ji day with the R.Q UNIVERSITY o/ MISSGUR I PROPOSED A R M O R Y G-S/S2dS WAR DEPARTMENT. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF STAFF. WASHINOTON. NOV 6 1922 Lt. Coin*! Vllllaa B. fcraons, lot., Profesior of UillCar; :>olecce end Tsctlci, UnlT«ralt7 of UleBourl, ColuBbla, Ulsaourl. Wy le«r Colonel Fereoosi It has coire to m7att«DtlaD that consideration le being glTen to « jrojeot for seoirlng fundi for oonatructlon at the University of klssoorl of an armory tT th*^ aae of the Beserre Offloera* Training Corps. It lA aOB^ Ijnport&nt tt&t evorythlng poaaible be doDe« as well by coQzsQiil ^ as by Federal support, to further the development and offlclecoy of produotlva R.O.T.C. units, and the University of MlsBOurl. for the past three :,"BarB rated by the Var DdiArtnsnt as a Distln^lshed College, Is particularly datervlng. A auooessfully coouuctad R.O.T.C. unit Is not only a dependable •(let for Batlonel Defense, supplying well qualified Reserve officers for ale in national emergency, but la also an asset to the tmlveralty and to the cooDanl^, offering; as It does a department of training •ho«B by aiperlenoe to be a sbs t valuable vehicle for character build- ing, and for Instilling In the youth of our land the cardinal princi- ple! of Hood cltlzenAlp. The provision of an armory at the University ui" Ulssourl would groatly increase the efficiency of training and the amount of practical training thjt can bo given. 1 unaorstand that outdoor work must now, in the absence of an armory, be suspended for the ounths of ^>ecerober, Jaauary aou yebruary due to severe winter conditions* I have noted >itn pleasure thu excellent rtcord of the R.O.T.C. usl ti at the University; at the recent Fort ooelllng anu Caijp l^oz oacpi the infantry ana the Artillery units aamonstrated oonipioaous ability; the Interest of tl» students in mililary training has been Dotable. 1 itrargly hope tnot adequate suppur i may bo extended to the pro- Jest imaar consideration. WAR DEPARTMENT OFnCE OP THE CHIEF OF INFANTRY WASHINGTON BovenJier 21, 1922. Ify dear Colonel Persons It has come to n^ attention that you have been so succSESful in your efforts to have an Armory built at the University of lilesourl, as to secure tie reoommendat Ions of the Board of Curators that two hundred thousand dollars be appropriated for that purpose. Of the Importance of and need for such a building there can be no question. Especially In a oliraate such as you have In Ulssourl it Is lojjeratlve that faollltles be pro- vided for carrying on the R.O.T.C. oouree without Interruption during tlie "In-doors" season. I aa glad to see our larger Institutions awHkenlng to the Importanoe of the R.O.T.C. 1 am sure that the Armory you propose to build will not only be a very useful addition to the University campus but will be a source of pride to the State. The Armories erected at several of our greater colleges, such as Oorneil, The University of Illl'iols, and The Unlwrslty of California are «ell Known tliroughout the country. They have served many purposes besides the strictly military uses for which they were built. Please acoept iqy oonijratuaationB for yourself and all others who are engaged in this Kood undertaKlng. Lt. Col. VnuE.^er£CQ^s. Inf., P. LI. S. 4 T. , University of iiis.-^ourl, Columbia, ttlssoufl. Sincerely, -(^ ^JfClPi^i^ 0. 3. VARKSVORIH. THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI BULLETIN VOLUME 24 NUMBER 2 A DAY WITH THE RESERVE OFFICERS' TRAINING CORPS at the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI *■»•' -^ ^ ' »' \l;' . "^^^^^^^^^^MjttngMyi^^^^^ c^tmtf^ '2 1 1 t Wt ISSUED THREE TIMES MONTHLY; ENTERED AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER AT THE POSTOFFICE AT COLUMBIA. MISSOURI -10.000 JANUARY, 1923 Origin of Militaky Training Origin of Military Training at Colleges and Universities Ml LITARY training at colleges and univer- sities had its incei)ti()n in the Morrill Act of 1862, which Act provided for, " the donation of certain lands for the establishment of schools and colleges where the leading object shall be instruction in agriculture and the me- chanic arts, including military science "' The State of Missouri took advantage of the provision of this act of Congress and estab- lished The Missouri State Military School at the University of Missouri where the College of Agriculture was established, and where instrucr tion in mechanic arts was given in the School of F-ngineering. Missouri was one of the first states to comply with the Morrill Act. The need for niilitar\- training had long been felt and the decision to incorporate the teaching of militar}' science in the general education of the vouth of the country was finally adopted as the logical means to that end. Schools and col- pafic Iwn TlIK Co.\I .\1.\.\I).\NT Licutcuaiit Colonel U'illi'iiii 11. Persons AT Coi.I.F.GI'S AND UnIVF.RSITIF.S f>age litres leges were established according to tlie provi- sions of the above Act in all sections of the coun- try and today we Hnd practically all state univer- sities and agricultural colleges listed as "Land- grant Institutions". The military training at these institutions, while not extensive, was productive of good re- sults and fully justihed the policy. Some of our greatest leaders in public as well as military life, learned the first rudiments of discipline and regu- lated action under the system. A great many of- ficers prominent in our military service have had their first military training at a land-grant school. The value of this course in military science was not fully recognized, however, until 1916, when the Reserve Ofificers' Training Corps was organized. Prior to that time, the military in- struction was confined to drill and the rudiments of military education. Only one ofificer of the regular army was detailed at each institution and consequently very little, if any, of the theory of military science could be given. The National Defense Act of 1916 established the Reserve Officers" Training Corps at schools and colleges throughout tlie countrv, and at the land-grant f"^ The Regular Army Officers on Duty at the i'liiz'crsity of Missouri t>age four Origin of Military Training The Kijlc 'J cam. I'li/tirs in \')2J. o-rcr all Stale I iislitutioiis in Miiiiii'.uila. North and Smith Dakota, lawa, Nebraska, Kansas and .Arkansas. institutions, tliis superseded tlie old form of training. The experience of all our wars has proved that our greatest need in time of emergency has been leaders. This is tlie primary object of the R. O. T. C. — the development of trained leaders. With the growth of modern warfare along scien- tific lines, education in those subjects required for all other professions has been necessary for the military leader. The value of a course of- fering such a liberal education has been quickly recognized by a great many institutions with the result that Military Science and Tactics is now established on an equal footing with other aca- demic subjects. Attention is called to the special advantages of the work of the Military Department. 1. It makes a ])oint of teaching the impor- tance of observing the conventions of society, of abiding by the laws and of living up to the rules under wliich we live and on wliicli our civiliza- tion is based. 2. It teaches the necessity for ]:)romptness, the value of co-operation with our fellows — of taking one's part in the team of everyday life. AT COI.I.KCKS AND UnIVERSITIKS page five 3. It stresses the matter of courtesy and impresses 111:011 eacli memljer the value of the forms and ceremonies which have been handed down by our forefathers. 4. It strives to arouse tlie latent ability of leadership in every young man and to direct the individual in conduct and achievement. 5. It teaches the doctrine of clean-minded- ness — clean living. T). It gives special attention to proper physi- cal development. The practical exercises teach co-ordination of mind and muscle. This part of the course not only develops grace and ease of carriage, it also stimulates mental activity, develops ability to concentrate — it creates a desire to and the oppor- tunity for practice in handlirg men. Every part of the military course is directed at bringing out and developing personality, con- fidence and initiative. Each student is taught to make quick and intelligent decisions and to acciuire the facility for carrying decisions into effect. All of these things are extremely valuable Missouri's Pistol Team. All z'ictorious in 1922. West Point in 1921 and 1922. Jlctors over I^aric six Origin of Military Training to every man in every walk of life. In this all agree. There is also the great proljlein of N^alioiial Insur- ance. The ohligalion of every citi7A-n includes the duties which his ca])al)ilities enalile him to perform toward guaranteeing life, liherty and the ])ursuit of happiness — in making his countr\' a hetter i)lace in whicli to live. L'nfortunalely, war, the greatest dc-troyer of life, liherty. and liappiness. always appears to l;e a long, long way off until the horror of its existence is actually u])on us. To assert that it will never hap])cn again is like -aying that there will never he another case of smalli)ox — we know that in our community smallpox did not exist last year, hut we are taking every satisfactory precaution to pre- vent its occurrence this year ; we even prepare by vac- cination to lessen its virulence in case of attack. For 4,000 years war has been as certain as death, yet is it not reasonable to suppose that we may discover a means of prevention through the study of war, and is it anything more than ordinary common sense to prepare for a catas- trophe which has recurred so often? Through the n-edium of the Reserve Officers' Training Corps the average college sttident now has the opportunity, not only to study the causes and efifects of war. but also Jrlillcry Out on a Sahirday /Ijtcrnoon Hike AT Colleges and Universities page seven to prepare to resist it and to lessen its virulence in case of attack. The college man should assume the obliga- tion of his larger responsibility. We do not go to a butcher when we have appendicitis, we go to the man who has studied surgery, and so have at least a fair chance for our lives. Haven't our sons a right to expect a fair chance in war? Will they get it in the most complicated game ever known under ignorant leaders ? The college man must answer. It is no longer possible to maintain a suffi- cient number of regular officers to meet the re- cjuirements of modern war. During the last war we augmented our little regular force of approximately 5,000 officers to approximately 200,000 officers in eighteen months, and the chances are that we will never again have even as much as three months in which to prepare. If every college man assumes his responsibility and takes the place his opportunity affords, the Re- serve Officers' Training Corps will become, through its affiliation with the National Guard, the greatest National Insurance and the cheapest Brigadier General Win. A. Raitpp — Adjutant General of Stat: of Missouri addressing the Reserve Officers^ Training Corps. page eight Origin of Military Training //// A'. O. T. C. Rc-c'ic-a' nil flic f'l-aiicis Oiiadraiif/lc AT Colleges and Universities page nirie A Detachment of Field Artillery on the road. All personnel arc R. . T. C. students. Origin oi' Military Training furnished and the work if continued, we will soon have among our citizens, military leaders in every walk of life, representing every business and profession, who^ can be called upon in case of great emergencies to organize, equip and train troops in the localities in which they live. The policy of training our leaders at colleges and universities will, in a few years, be the greatest National Insurance the country has ever had. At your university the ecjuijiment furnished by the Federal (jovernment is scattered all over the campus in a dozen different build- ings. Military classes are scheduled in practically every building at the University. On December 1st, all prac- tical military work must stop on account of weather conditions and no practical work is scheduled until March 1st. In spite of these handicaps, Missouri has been rated as one of the 1.^ distinguished colleges in the United States by the War Departnenl for the past three years. Missouri needs an Armory to carry on this work, the Military Department deserves this consideration. The Board of Curators of the University of Mis- souri have included in the budget to be submitted to the Legislature, a recommendation that $200,000.00 be ap- propriated to construct a suitable building for the Mili- tary 1 )cparliiK'nt. t'df/i' It'll form of ])reparedness the bederal (iovernment has ever inaugurated. The organization provides the o])portunity for each boy to get a si)lendid course in leadership and if he sees lit to take the advanced course, he may obtain his reserve commission u])on graduatii>n. If ])ro])er facilities are /\'i(/ltt into the hull's rye 7<.'illi a oiic-pDinuIrr i/iiii. AT COI.I.ECICS AND ITniVKRSITIES page eleven An Armory at the Univer- sity of Missouri is a very great necessity. Our neighbor states are forging ahead in this respect. IIH- nois, Iowa, A. & M., the University of Iowa, Texa.^, A. & M., University of Oregon, Indiana University, Uni- versity of California, Cornell, Yale, Harvard, and others have provided suitable buildings to carry on the work of their military departments. If Missouri is to keep its place a nong the distinguished institutions of the country — if we are to hold our repu- tation for progress, something must be done. A letter from Ceneral Pershing on the subject of an Armory at the Uni- versity of Missouri and the value of Military Training is printed herein. Also the letter from Major-General Farnsworth, the Chief of the Infan- try. One of the things a student must do z^'ell to qualify in riding. fianc liveh'e Origin of Arii.iTARY Training I lie Cadet Officers. — ./// cailel companies and battrrics arc commanded and led by Student Officers. AT CoiXKCES AND l^NIVERSITII'S page thirteen Guard Mount held as a demonstration by Headquarters Company. t>a(ic fourteen Origin of Military Train inc. A Ciroitp of l\ . (). '/'. C. stiidciils on the pistol raiujc where fortx-fii'e students ean fire siiiiiiltaiieoiisly. AT Colleges and Universities page fifteen A Cla^s on the Machine Gun Ranye. Many thousand rounds of service ammunition are fired in this instruction annuallv. [>afic sixteen Origin of Military Training Sctt'nuj up li.vcrcisc. .1 part of the daily drill. THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI rHE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI stands at the head of the educational system of the state. It was founded at Columbia in 1839, and instruction in academic work was begun in 1841. The work of the University is now carried on in the following colleges and schools : Col- lege of Arts and Science, College of Agriculture, School of Education, School of Law, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, School of Mines and Metallurgy, School of Journalism, School of Business and Public Administration, Graduate School, Extension Division. All divisions are at Columbia except the School of Mines and Metallurgy, which is at Rolla. Emphasis has been given particular lines of work by the establishment of minor divi- sions, the chief of which are the Agricultural Experiment Station, the Engineering Experiment Station and the Missouri State Military School. The fundamental aim of the University is the development of the highest and most ef- ficient type of citizens. The school is supported by the state and endeavors to return to the state practical service. Of late years extension courses, experiment farms, and free literature on practical subjects have widely extended the University's influence. The University grounds at Columbia cover more than 800 acres. The main divisions are the Francis Quadrangle, the East Campus, Rollins Field for athletics, and the University Farm. Full information regarding the University is given in the catalog, a copy of which will be sent on request without charge. For this or special bulletins of the Graduate School, College of Arts and Science, College of Agriculture, School of Education, School of Law, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, School of Jouxiialism, School of Business and Public Admin- istration, Summer Session, or Extension Divisl'on, write to The Registrar, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. P.O.T.C. Trophio