Peoples Poeket Series No 162 Karl Marx and the Civil War By Herman Schleuter APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Epigrams of Oscar Wilde Oscar Wilde is already represented in the Appeal's Pocket Series with "Salome." "The Soul of Man Under Socialism," and "The Importance of Being Earnest." This book contains about 400 epigrams and represents the cream of Wilde's bubbling humor and wisdom. Oscar Wilde was the most daring man in all English literature. There never was anyone just like Wild* before him, and there has never been anyone just like him ever since, though many have tried to imitate him. Wilde was amusing right to the very end. The last thing he said was: "It appears that I am dying beyond my means." There never was a writer who could pen more penetrating paradoxes than Oscar Wilde, and we are sure that a read- ing of this book will convince yo* that this is not an overstatement. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. People s Pocket Series No. 162 Karl Marx and the Civil War A Rejuvenation of H^s-Beens By H. M.. Tichenor The Completeness of the Sweep By H. M. Tichenor APPEAL TO REASON, GIRARn, KANS. This 6oof^ has been digitized through the generosity of Robert O. Blissard Class of 1957 D University of Illinois Library at Urbana-Champaign KARL MARX AND THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 1. Address of the General Council to Abraham Lincoln. On September 28, 1864, in St. Martin's Hall in London, there took place that famous meeting of workingmen which gave birth to the International Working- men's Association, an organiza- tion which powerfully stimulat- ed and promoted the labor move- ment of all countries in the six- ties. This meeting appointed a provisional central committee for the management of the af- fairs of the new organization, which came later to be called the General Council, and which was composed of representatives of different nationalities. Even before the foundation of the International Workingmen's KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR Association, it was above all oth- ers the men who became the members of the General Council who had worked for the cause of the American North in their circles, and who had encouraged and inspired the English work- ing class in their heroic stand against the manufacturers and the Government. On November 27, 1864, Karl Marx, the leading spirit of the General Council, wrote thus about the elements composing this committee to his friend Jos- eph Weydemeyer, then in the United States: "Its English members are mostly chiefs of the local trades unions, hence the real labor kings of London, the same peo- ple who gave Garibaldi such a rousing welcome, and who by their monster meeting in St. James' Hall (Bright in the chair) prevented Palmerston from declaring war against the United States when he was on KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 5 the point of doing it."* Previous to the organization of the International Working- men's Association Marx also had thrown his influence to the lead- ers of the English workingmen in favor of the Union cause. The General Council of the International continued the agi- tation in this direction which , its members had previously be- gun. In the beginning of November, 1864, Lincoln was elected for the second time to the Presi- dency of the United States. Un- der the direct influence and upon the suggestion of the General Council of the International Workingmen's Association, the workingmen of London arranged a new series of meetings to pro- test against the anti-Union atti- *F. Mehring, Xeue Beitrage zur Biographie von K. Marx und F. En- gels, Neue Zeit, 1906-07, Vol. II, p. 224. 6 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR tude of the manufacturers an the Government of their coun- try. It was Marx who furnished the initiative for this renewal of agitation.* In one of the following meet- ings of the General Council, one of its members, Dick, made a motion, w T hich was seconded by t G. Howell, to draft an address ' to the American people congrat- ulating them upon their strug- gles and sacrifices in behalf of the principles of freedom and upon their re-election of Lincoln :o the Presidency of the United States. A committee was ap- pointed to formulate this ad- dress, and this committee sub- mitted its draft, the author of which was Marx, to the General Council at its meeting on No- vember 29th. The draft was ♦According to letters to the author by Friedrich Lessner, of London, at the time a member of the General 'ouncil of the International Working- men's Association. KARL MARX AXD CIVIL WAR 7 accepted, and a resolution was adopted to forward it by a com- mittee to Charles Francis Adams, the American Minister at London, for transmission to his Government. The following is the text of the address: "To Abraham Lincoln, Presi- dent of the United States of America. "Sir: — We congratulate the American people on your re- election by a large majority. If resistance to the Slave Power was the watchword of your first election, the triumphal war-cry )f your re-election is Death to Slavery. "From the commencement of the titanic American strife the workingmen of Europe felt dis- tinctively that the Star Spangled Banner carried the destiny of their class. The contest for the territories which opened the dire epopee, was it not to decide whether the virgin soil of im- LRX AND CIVIL WAR mense tracts should be wedded to the labor of the immigrant or be prostituted by the tramp of the slave-driver? "When an oligarchy of 300,- 000 slaveholders dared to in- scribe for the first time in the annals of the world 'Slavery' on the banner of armed revolt, when on the very spots where hardly a century ago the idea of one great Democratic Republic had first sprung up, whence the first declaration of the Rights of Man was issued, and the first impulse given to the European Revolution of the eighteenth century, when on those very spots counter-revolution, with systematic thoroughness, gloried in rescinding 'the ideas enter- tained at the time of the forma- tion of the old constitution' and maintained 'slavery to be a ben- eficial institution,' indeed, the only solution of the great prob- lem of the 'relation of capital to labor,' and cynically proclaimed KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 9 property in man 'the cornerstone of the new edifice/ — then the working classes of Europe un- derstood at once, even before the fanatic partisanship ot me upper classes, for the Confederate gen- try had given its dismal warn- ing, that the slaveholders' rebel- lion was to sound the tocsin for a general holy war of property against labor, and that for the men of labor, with their hopes for the future, even their past conquests were at stake in that tremendous conflict on the other side of the Atlantic. Every- where they bore therefore pa- tiently the hardships imposed upon them by the cotton crisis, opposed enthusiastically the pro- slavery intervention — importun- ities of their betters — and from most parts of Europe contrib- uted their quota of blood to the good of the cause. "While the workingmen, the true political power of the North, allowed slavery to defile 30 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR their own republic, w 7 hile before the Negro, mastered and sold without his concurrence, they boasted it the highest preroga- tive of the white-skinned laborer to sell himself and choose his own master, they were unable to attain the true freedom of la- bor, or to support their Euro- pean brethren in their struggle for emancipation; but this bar- rier to progress has been swept off by the red sea of civil war. 'The workingmen of Europe felt sure that, as the American War of Independence initiated a new era of ascendency for the middle class, so the American Anti-slavery War will do for the working classes. They consider it an earnest sign of the epoch to come that it fell to the lot of Abraham Lincoln, the single- minded son of the working class, to lead his country through the matchless struggle for the rescue of the enchained race and the re- construction of a social world. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 11 "Signed on behalf of the In- ternational Workingmen's Asso- ciation, the Central Council : "Longmaid, Worley, Whitlock, Blackmore, Hartwell, Pidgeon, Lucraft, Weston, Dell, Nicars, Shaw, Lake, Buckley, . Osborn, Howell, Carter, Wheeler, Starns- by, Morgan, Grossmith, Dick, Denoual, Jourdain, Morissot, Leroux, Bordage, Bosquet, Tal- andier, Dupont, L. Wolf, Aldro- vandi, Lama, Solustri, Nuspert, Eccarius, Wolf, Lessner, Pfan- der, Lochner, Taub, Balliter, Rypcrynski, Hansen, Schantzen- beck, Smales, Cornelius, Peter- son, Otto, Bagnagatti, Setocri; George' Odgers, President of the Council; P. V. Lubez, Corre- sponding Secretary for France; Karl Marx, Corresponding Sec- retary for Germany; C. P. Fon- tana, Corresponding Secretary for Italy; J. E. Holtorp, Corre- sponding Secretary for Poland i H. F. Jung, Corresponding Sec- retary for Switzerland; Wil- 12 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR Ham Cremer, Hon. General Sec- retary, 18 Greek Street, Soho, London W."* At the meeting of the General Council on Tuesday, February 2, 1865, the General Secretary read a reply,- written by the United States Minister in London, which w T as as follows : "Legation of the United States of America. "London, Jan. 28, 1865. "Sir: — I am directed to in- form you that the address of the Central Council of your Associa- tion, which was duly transmitted through this legation to the Pres- ident of the United States of America, has been received by him. So far as the sentiments expressed by it are personal, they are accepted by him with a sincere and anxious desire that he may be able to prove himself "Beehive. London, Jan. 7, 1865. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 13 not unworthy of the confidence which has been. recently extend- ed to him by his fellow-citizens, and by so many friends of hu- manity and progress throughout the world. The Government of the United States of America has a clear consciousness that its policy neither is, nor could be, reactionary; but at the same time it adheres to the course which it adopted at the begin- ning of abstaining everywhere from propagandism and unlaw- ful intervention. It strives to do equal justice to all states and to all men, and it relies upon the beneficent results of that effort for support at home, and for respect and good will through- out the world. Nations do not exist for themselves alone, but to promote the welfare and hap- piness of mankind by benevolent intercourse and example. It is in this relation that the United States regard their cause in the present conflict with slavery- 14 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR maintaining insurgents as the cause of human nature, and they derive new encouragement to persevere from the testimony of the workingmen of Europe that the National Alliance is favored with the enlightened approval and earnest sympathies. "I have the honor to be, Sir, "Your obedient servant, "Charles Francis Adams." The attitude of the General Council of the International Workingmen's Association, as reflected in the address to Pres- ident Lincoln, did not, however, meet with the approval of all its sympathizers in the United States. Among those who pro- tested against it were especially the members of the Communist Club of New York, w r ho held that Lincoln's policy did not deserve to be thus honored. KARL MARK AND CIVIL WAR 15 2. Address of the General Council of the Interna- tional WORKINGMEN'S AS- SOCIATION to President Andrew Johnson. On April 14, 1865,. Lincoln was fatally wounded in Ford's Theatre in Washington by a shot in the head fired by the actor, John Wilkes Booth. He died the next morning. At the same time Southern fanatics attempted to kill Secretary of State Seward in his bed and dangerously wounded him and his son. Vice- President Johnson succeeded Lincoln as President of the Union. It was characteristic of the feeling towards the United States in the dominant circles of England that one of their mouthpieces in the press, on the arrival of the news of Lincoln's assassination, should publish the 16 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR following significant suggestion : "The dagger or the pistol in the hands of the weakest worm that crawls in human shape upon the earth can change the destinies of nations or divert the current opinion into a new channel." And immediately following this sentence, without any transition, the paper described Lincoln's successor, Andrew Johnson, as a "bloodthirsty scoundrel," as the scum and outcast of man- kind, as a most dangerous tyrant. * It was of course only the most rabid element among the English public that extolled the assassin Booth as a champion of liberty, as a worthy successor of Brutus and of Tell, while on the other hand a large portion of those who had hitherto been hostile to Lincoln condemned Booth's deed. On the report of Lincoln's *Der Deutsche Eidgenosse. London and Hamburg. 1865, p. 42. KARL MARX AXD CIVIL WAR 17 death, the General Council of the International Workingmen's Association resolved to send an- other address to America, this time to the successor of the mur- dered President, Andrew John- son. The address was adopted May 13th, and read as follows :* "Address of the International Workingmen's Association to President Johnson. "To Andrew Johnson, President of the United States. "Dear Sir: "The demon of the 'peculiar *The address was published in the London Beehive of May 20, 1865. It has been impossible to procure a copy of this issue of the Beehive, and the author of the present treatise has therefore been compelled to retrans- late the address into English from a German translation of it to which he has had access. The wording which he here submits is therefore certain not to correspond with the original in every particular, but he feels that he can vouch for the essential accuracy of the message it conveyed. L8 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR institution,' for whose preserva- tion the South rose in arms, did lot permit its devotees to suffer honorable defeat on the open battlefield. What had been con- ceived in treason, must necessar- ily end in infamy. As Philip II. 's war in behalf of the Inquisition produced a Gerard, so Jefferson Davis's rebellion a Booth. "We shall not seek for words of mourning and horror when the heart of two continents is throbbing with emotion. Even the sycophants who year after year and day after day were ousily engaged in morally stab- bing Abraham Lincoln and the great republic of which he was the head — even they are dis- mayed in the presence of this universal outburst of popular feeling and vie with one an- other in strewing flowers of rhetoric upon his open grave. They have at last come to recog- nize that he was a man whom defeat could not dishearten, nor KAKL MARX AND CIVIL WAR lv) success intoxicate, who imper- turbably pressed on towards his great goal without ever imperil- ing it by blind haste, who ad- vanced deliberately and never retraced a step, who was never carried away by popular favor and never discouraged by the subsidence of popular enthus- iasm, who answered acts of se- verity with the sunbeams of a loving heart, who brightened gloomy exhibitions of passion by the smile of humor, and who ac- complished his titanic task as simply and as modestly as rulers by divine right are wont to do trifling things w r ith great pomp and circumstance ; in a word, he was one of those rare men who succeed in becoming great with- out ceasing to be good. So great, indeed, was the modesty of this great and good man that the world discovered that he was a hero only when he had died as a martyr. 'To be chosen at the side of 20 KARL AlARX AND CIVIL WAR such a leader as the second vic- tim by the hellish demons of slavery was an honor of which Mr. Seward was worthy. Was he not in a period of general in- decision so perspicacious as to foresee the 'irrepressible conflict/ and so unterrified as to foretell it? Did he not in the gloomiest moments of this conflict prove himself true to the duty of the Roman never to despair of the republic and its destiny? We hope with all our heart that he and his son will be, in less than ninety days, restored to health, to public activity, and to the well - deserved honors which await them. "After a gigantic Civil War which, if we consider its colos- sal extension and its vast scene of action, seems in comparison with the Hundred Years' War and the Thirty Years' War and the Twenty-three Years' War of the Old World scarcely to have lasted ninety days, the task, Sir, KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 21 devolves upon you to uproot by law what the sword has felled, and to preside over the more dif- ficult work of political recon- struction and social regenera- tion. The profound conscious- ness of your great mission will preserve you from all weakness in the execution of your stern duties. You will never forget that the American people at the inauguration of the new era of the emancipation of labor placed the burden of leadership on the shoulders of two men of labor — Abraham Lincoln the one, and the other Andrew Johnson. "Signed in the name of the In- ternational Workingmen's Asso- ciation by the General Council, May 13, 1865 : "Charles Kaub, L. Delle, H. Klimrosch, M. Salbasella, Ed- ward Coulson, G. Lochner, 1. Weston, G. Howell, F. Lessner, G. Eccarius, H. Bollster, Bord- age, C. Pfander, I. Osborne, B. Luirass, A. Valtien, N. P. Stan- 12 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR sen, E. Peterson, I. Buckley, R. Shaw, K. Schapper, A. Janks, P. Fox, I. H. Longmaid, M. Mor- gan, G. L. Wheeler, I. D. Nicass, L. C. Vorley, Dr. Stainsby, F. Carter, E. Holtorp, Secretary for Poland; K. Marx, Secretary for Germany; H. Jung, Secre- tary for Switzerland ; E. Dupont, Secretary for France; E. VVhit- lock, Financial Secretary; G. Odgers, President; W. R. Cre- mer, General Secretary." KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 28 3. Address of the General Council to the People of the United States. In September, 1865, the Inter- national met in conference in London, as the first congress of the Association which was to have taken place at this time in Brussels had been made impos- sible by the action of the Belgian Government. This London con- ference once more returned to a discussion of the question of slavery and resolved to send an address to the American people. The following was the address : "Address of the Conference of the International Working- men's Association of Sep- tember 25, 1865. "To the People of the United States of America. "Citizens of the Great Repub- lic, once more we address you, 24 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR not in sympathetic condolence, but in words of congratulation. "Had we not most profoundly sympathized with you in your times of trouble, when foes with- in and without were eagerly bent on destroying your Govern- ment and the principles of uni- versal justice upon which it is based, we should not now ven- ture to congratulate you upon your success. "But we have never swerved in our loyalty to your cause, which is the cause of all man- kind ; nor did we ever despair of its final triumph, not even in the darkest shadows of its mishaps. "In firm devotion to, and un- faltering faith in those prin- ciples of equality and fraternal communion for which you drew the sword, we were convinced that as soon as the conflict should be over and victory won, you would return it to its scab- bard, and peace would once more come to your country and joy to KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 25 your people. "Success has justified our ex- pectations. Your war is the only example known of a government fighting against a fraction of its own citizens for the freedom of the people. "Above all we congratulate you upon the termination of the war and the preservation of the Union. The Stars and Stripes, which your own sons had bru- tally trampled in the dust, once more flutter in the breeze from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, never again, w r e trust, to be in- sulted by your own children and never again to wave over bloody battlefields,, whether those of do- mestic insurrection or those of foreign war. "And may those misguided citizens who displayed so much valor on the battlefield in a wicked cause now display as much zeal in helping to heal the wounds which they struck and in restoring peace to the common KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR country. "Again we felicitate you upon the removal of the cause of these years of affliction — upon the abolition of slavery. The strain upon your otherwise so shining escutcheon is forever wiped out. Never again shall the hammer of the auctioneer announce in your market-places sales of human flesh and blood and make man- kind shudder at the cruel bar- barism. "Your noblest blood was shed in washing away these stains, and desolation has spread its black shroud over your country in penance for the past. "To-day you are free, purified through your sufferings. A brighter future is dawning upon your glorious republic, proclaim- ing to the old world that a gov- ernment of the people and by the people is a government for the people and not for a privileged minority. "We had the honor to express KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 27 to you our sympathy in your af- fliction, to send you a word of encouragement in your strug- gles, and to congratulate you upon your success. Permit us to add a word of counsel for the future. "In justice against a fraction of your people having been fol- lowed by such dire consequences, put an end to it. Declare your fellow T citizens from this day forth free and equal, without any reserve. If you refuse them citizens' rights while you exact from them citizens' duties you will sooner or later face a new struggle w r hich will once more drench your country in blood. "The eyes of Europe and of the whole world are on your at- tempts at reconstruction, and foes are ever ready to sornd the death-knell of republican insti- tutions as soon as they see then opportunity. "We therefore admonish you. as brothers in a common cause, 28 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR to sunder all the chains of free- dom, and your victory will be complete/' The policy of conciliation ini- tiated by the American Govern- ment in regard to the South, and the adoption of the constitution- al amendments affirming the po- litical equality of the Negroes, were steps in accordance with the address which the confer- ence of the International Work- ingmen's Association directed to the people of the United States. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 29 A Rejuvenation of Has-Beens BY H. M. TICHENOR. Do you feel the infirmities of age creeping upon you? Are the fires of vitality slowly but surely dying out? Have you had dreams of the fountain of youth that made a glcb? trotter of Ponce de Leon? If euch be the case, you are recommended to obtain a monkey, and have a surgeon do the rest. The following New York press dispatch gives the details: "Breeding silver foxes in the frozen North for their expensive pelts is a picayune financial proposition com- pared to the possibilities of breeding and raising monkeys whose glands will be used for the restoration of vitality, according to Dr. Se-g3 Ver- onoff, Paris surgeon, who has come to the United States expecting to per- form gland transplanting operations in colleges and before medical clinics. "He urged that monkey farms be 30 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR established in the United States on a large scale. He said his operation would increase the life of a man from 70 years to more than a c^nturv. His several operations performed on Frenchmen have been successful, he declared, and at this time, one of his patients is heading an expedi f ion into the French Congo to obtain chimpan- zees which will form the nucleus of a farm in France. "The immediate purpose of his trip to the United States is to perform an operation transferring the interst ; tial glands of a person who had met sud- den death in a healthy cord ti^n to some man feeling the need of renewed youth. Dr. Veronoff said F ench laws prohibiting the mutilation of corpses have prevented him from per- forming this operation before. "Dr. Veronoff was informed that he had a rival in the theory of gland transplanting in Dr. John R. Brink- ley, a surgeon of Milford, Kans., who holds to the theory that goats* glands should be used instead of monkeys*. " 'Monkey glands are better than goat glands for several reasons/ said Dr. Veronoff. 'The blood of monkeys can scarcely be dist ; nguished from that of humans and monkeys are the most highly developed animals, being susceptible to many diseases of man. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 31 Also, monkeys are more prolific than goats. Many of the earlier experi- ments were on goats, but the 180 operations I performed proved conclu- sively to my mind that monkey glands are the best/ " The foregoing prescription for the rejuvenation of has-beens seems simple enough. An injec- tion of "insterstitial glands" does the work. A monkey is preferable, but in an emergency a goat might do. Or even a suddenly deceased healthy hu- man. But to be sure of resists get the monkey. And sea that the doctor uses interstitial glands; which means, according to Webster's Dictionary, an ex- traction from an interstice. An interstice, says Webster's, is "a space which intervenes between one thing and another; espe- cially, a narrow or small sr>ace between things close together, or between the component parts of a body; a chink; or a cran- ny." 32 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR What you need is the mon- key's chink. Or his cranny. Don't get confused over the word "chink" and think it's a Chi- naman. Don't make any mis- take in the prescription and then blame the bad effects on Dr. Serge Veronoff's discovery. But seriously, even if the pre- scription should do the work be- yond expectations, if it should made TO-year-oM men hop around like youngsters — even if gray hairs departed, and bald spots renewed luxuriant growth, if old teeth were shed and new ones grew, and wrin- kles smoothed out into ruddy flesh, and the smoldering em- bers of age became aglow with fresh fuel — even with all this and more, if it is only the men that are benefited, as seems to be the case according to the New York dispatch quoted, and the women are left to wither away with oncoming years, is KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 33 the proposition worth much after all? Imagine the old man brought back to his twenties while the wife goes about worn and weary with the weight of years. Is this a "consummation to be desired?" No — unless the discovery — and perhaps it may — embraces the women, no gal- lant septuagenarian would be tempted to try the operation. No matter how successful it might prove, the jump back- ward to youth would land him out of his class. He would soon tire of being rejuvenated into the younger set, would mourn his lonely lot, when "from love's shining circle the gems drop away." He would long for the loves that had grown with the years. He would repeat with the Irish poet, "When fond hopes have left us, and loved ones have flown, who would inhabit this bleak world alone!" 34 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR Completeness of the Sweep BY H. M. TICHENOR. The colossal profits coined off the agony and blood, the death and destruction of war is but one of the manifestations of the complete sweep that the capitalist system has developed for the purpose of exploitation. Every imaginable element arising under a dictatorship of a profiteering class is turned into profits. The diseases spawned by the foul air of congested tenement and factory districts, adulter- ated food and impure water, the perversion of nature's sex law, the desolation of poverty and the ravages of war, become pro- fit-makers for a vast army of doctors, druggists and under- takers. The crimes created by a soc- KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR b5 ial system that denies millions the full opportunity to produce and retain those things essen- tial to "life, liberty and the pur- suit of happiness," become pro- fit makers for a vast army of lawyers, judges, detectives, de- partment of justice officials and lawmaking legislators. Under the capitalist system dishonesty offers big dividends, while honesty beggars. And look at the profit that lies bring, platform, press and pulpit lies! Who, with an eye to business, would think of mar- keting the truth, with the ex- pectation of making a financial success of it? Uuder the capitalist system it i^ not only unprofitable to be truthful but is liable to land the truthteller in jail. Evervthing prepared by the profiteering powers that be for the mental absorption of the masses is properly doped in the V. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR interest of the class that pre- pares it. The books they offer, the histories, novels and school books, are written to sustain the capitalist system of exploi- tation and war. The theatrical performances, anc} that powerful educational medium, the picture plays, are daily and nightly purveyors of capitalist 'class dissimulation. To put it mildly, a whole lot of them, especially the picture plays are more poisonous to the minds of the masses than moonshine . liquor to their stomachs. And the masses fall all over themselves to get the poison. They pay for it, like they pay for everything else purposely gotten up to make them admire a social system that 'bridles and saddles" them so that their "booted and spurred" masters can ride. KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 37 The completeness of the sweep that the capitalist sys- tem has developed is made par- ticularly, and most offensively prominent during the holiday season. It even takes in Jesus. The ones that live by expropri- ating the wealth created by workers not only managed long ago to transform Jesus' mes- sage of "peace on earth, to- ward men goodwill" into a bunch of chloroforming creeds, but have succeeded in utilizing his birthday to fill their pock- ets. Perhaps future history will record this as the master-stroke of brazen impudence exhibited by the capitalist exploiters during the age of profiteering. Christian and Jew vie with each other in loudly proclaim- ing the various Christmas wares they have on sale. Full-page advertisements blaze the columns of the cap- 38 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR italist-class papers announcing bargains in the name of Christ. Store fronts are covered with monster Santa Clauses lit up with colored electric lights to lure the passerby to let loose his dollars. The Dutch patron saint of children is made a big money-getter under modern capitalism. And the irony of it all is that if Jesus were here today he would be run in by Palmer's agents and soaked with twenty years in the pen. What part would he play in a Christmas under capitalism that makes millions of dollars profit for the class that put him out of the way when he was here before? Next to the sight of Lenin and his red army no historical character would agitate the capitalist class as much as the appearance of the ancient agi- tator of Palestine. There are KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR 3U many professing Christians who would pull in their Christ- mas celebration if Jesus were here to take note. Being ab- sent he comes in with the com- pleteness of the sweep for pro- fits. A sweep that overlooks nothing — not even funeral ex- penses — when dollars are in sight. Such is capitalism. A complete sweep for profits. Gathering in everything. Making profits out of the sufferings of the class that pro- duces all wealth. No workers, no wealth pro- duced, no profits. And it requires a capital- ist class system to allow the profiteers to take the profits from the wealth produced by the workers. It isn't arranged for the workers to retain the wealth they produce. 40 KARL MARX AND CIVIL WAR If the workers retained the wealth they produce the capi- talist class would be obliged to work for what they get, or expire. They would have no com- plete sweep. Poverty, having no cause for existence, would cease to exist. War would do likewise. Lies the same. The capitalist-class sweep would be no more. Jesus could come around on his birthday and not be run in. The completeness of the sweep of the capitalist-class. It cannot be all told in the Rip-Saw. It takes in much more than has been mentioned. It takes in you, who are read- ing this, and all who are dear to you. The completeness of the sweep. Can you beat it? Bruno The Story of His Life and Martyrdom With a f Soc we have the storv from the Tioment he was accused to the hour ■learn. We know exactly what he charge was, what the prosecu ion brought up against him, his bril 'iant defense and his speech to the Xt hnn'Hn* This valuable book contains 160 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. The Man Who Would be King BY RUDYARD KIPLING. Kipling is one of the greatest short story writers in the English language. No matter what one might think of some of his idea?, it cannot be denied that hi? short stories are creations of a high order and deserve atten- tion from the most discriminating readers. In this story, "The Man Who Would Be King," we have what is probably his greatest short story. This is rather a long story — in fact, it might even be called a novelette, covering as it does 128 pages. We are sure that those who read "The Man Who Would Be King" will be fascinated by Kipling's methods a? a story writer In addition to excel- lent craftsmanship. Kipling combines a sense for the dramatic that is very compelling. There is no questioning the fact that "The Man Who Would Be King" is Kipling's most popular tale. We doubt whether he has ever done a finer piece of work. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Debate on Vegetarianism Do you know the arguments in favor of a vegetarian diet? Do you know the arguments against such a diet? Do you know whv meat-eating i* food for vnu' And why it is bad? These questions are gone into thoroughly in a book issued by the Appeal, en- titled "A Debate on Vegetarianism." between J H Kellogg. M. D.. editor of "Good Health Magazine." who is a vegetarian, and Edwin Tenney Brewster, author of "The Nutrition of a Household." who is opposed to vegetarianism. You get both sides, bo that you can decide for yourself whether vou should or should not change your diet. This is the best way to learn — by studying both sides with an open mind. Here is a book that will prove of great help to you. if you will read it carefully. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON Girard. Kans. The Strength of the Strong BY JACK LONDON This is the most socialistic story Jack London ever wrote. Socialists will appreciate the moral of this clever tale. Going back to the wild men who lived in trees, Jack London gets material for a story that is both entertaining and instructive. He shows, in a humorous way, how they were attacked by the men of neighboring places and beaten be- cause each family fought alone, while the invaders fought together. Tak- ing this lesson to heart they organ- ized their tribe. Then, step by step, we see the growth of the idea of rulership. of militarism, of priest- hood, of property rights, of exploi- tation, of law and justice. "The Strength of the Strong" is a story that should be read by every liberal-minded person who wants to see the evils of organized society reduced to the simplest forms. It shows just how the evils came, why they remain and how to wipe them out. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Thousands of our readers have been clamoring for this thrilling debate Rome or Reason "Rome or Reason" is the title of a famous debate that took place between Cardinal Manning and Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll. Hun- dreds of thousands of copies of this controversy have been distributed. We have received many requests for it and are glad to include ''Rome or Reason" in our new list. Many people will want to follow these two keen minds in their con- troversy over such important sub- jects as Christianity and the Ro- man Catholic Church. There is no doubt whatever that the Catholic Church has no better champion than Cardinal Manning. a keen mind and a thorough scholar. As for Ingersoll, he han- dles his side of the debate with his usual brilliancy and genius. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Fight For Your Life! "Fight for Your Life!" This is the ntle of the greatest Socialist book pver written. It is by Ben Hanford 'wo times Socialist candidate fo* Vice President. "Fight for Yon* fjfp" i fl a masterpiece of wit. wis- dom, literary expression and sound Socialist thinking:. Never was there « clearer Socialist thinker than Ber> Hanford. There is no Socialist bool< *o compare with "Fight for Your Life 1 " This book is the last word in Socialist propaganda- It is a booV f hat will amuse, entertain and uplif* ♦-he old-time Socialists. It is a booV that will enlighten, instruct and con wr-t *Vi«* npweonaer to Socialism 25 cents Der copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. One of Cleopatra's Nights BY THEOPHILE GAUTIER. This short novel, consisting of 6 fascinating chapters, is from the pen of that master-stylist, Theophile Gautier. The translation is by that artist in the use of words, Laffcadio Hearn. This beautiful story of love is an excellent example of that pecu- liar beauty, and power of painting with words which made Gautier the most brilliant literary artist of his time. The massive gloom and melan- choly wierdness of ancient Egypt is reflected as in a necromancer's mirror through "One of Cleopatra's Nights." Possessed of an almost matchless imaginative power, and a sense of beauty as refined as that of an antique sculptor, Gautier so per- fect his work as to leave nothing for the imagination of his readers to desire. It is in "One of Cleopatra's Night," perhaps, that Gautier's peculiar de- scriptive skill appears to most ad- vantage. We recommend this nov- elette by Gautier as one of the great masterpieces of literary art. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Voltaire's Pocket Theology This book is one of the most daring: ever written by this fearles* French thinker. This is, in re- ality, a dictionary in which Voltaire takes up the numerous words user! by churchians and defies them in a most humorous and caustic man ner. There are over 500 different definitions, each one of them very amusing. Take the one on Adam It reads: "He was the first man God created him a big booby, who to please his wife, was stupid enough to devour an apple which his descendants have never since been able to digest." Voltaire's fame will never die His admirers will never cease ad miring him, because his work ha? eternal freshness and vigor about it, while his enemies will always malign and hate him because he ^pent the whole of his long life deriding them and showing them their hollowneis. OnN 25 cents D*r cod v. APPEAL TO REASON Girard, Kans. The Life of Debs BY LOUIS KOPELIN. In the career of Debs the history of the labor movement in America is mirrored faithfully. The early building of the labor movement; the A.. R. U. strike; the inception and growth of what is now the Socialist nartv; the wonderful campaigns through which the attention of \merican voters was attracted to the aew party: the great lecture tours *n which Debs spread the message tf labor and Socialism to millions; the tremendous struggles of labor n which the Appeal, with Debs an active member of the staff, wfes in 'he vanguard of the fight; finally. •■he war and the trial and imprison ment of Debs; all these are recorded >n this volume, "The Life of Debs." 'The Life of Debs" is a nand* vol ime. yet wide in its sweep, exact and thorough in its treatment As * oicture of Debs, it cannot be ex relied. As propaganda for social jus ice. it has no equal. It catches the nterest, and then captures the 'bought Debs and the Sociali* nnvoment live in its pages. 25 rents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Tales of Sherlock Holmes Conan Doyle is the genius of our age He has taken his great liter- ary talent and applied it to the mys- tery and romance of detective fiction. Even to the smallest detail, every bit of the plot is Worked out scien- tifically. For years the world ha3 been watching his Sherlock Holmes — mar- velling at the strange, new, startling things that detective hero would un- fold. Sherlock Holmes is a master man of all his tales — a man of science. A. man of training. The man with the mile-a-minute brain. Sherlock Holmes acts quickly and thinks even mote quickly and, there- fore, is bound to walk right into the heart of any one who reads of his ad- ventures. There is no better way to relax after your day's work than following the exploits of clever detectives, and rogues of the underworld. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. The Case for Birth Control Birth control is not a new thing It is as old as the evil — excessive ano indiscriminate production of human beings — which it seeks to alleviate There has n(>ver been a time when human beings did not endeavor by whatever means possible to restrict their offspring. It has always been recognized by intelligent persons that it is a crime to bring more chil- dren into the world than can be given oroper care, training and oppor tunity What the modern science and prop- aganda of birth control looks forward to is the sane dissemination of scien- tific information among the people. It aims to give the poor the knowl- edge and opportunity that the wealthy now have. It will give the hopeless, overburdened mother of a working class family the relief from the con- stant horror of too many children, whose coming is dreaded because it cannot be properly provided for and will simply add to the poverty and suffering ©f the home. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, GIRARD, KANS. The Training of the Child The physical health of children more especially of infants, has been the subject of most careful investi- gations, so much that we seem to have reached nearly perfection in this matter. The best methods in use which aim at developing the child's intelligence cannot claim such striking results; but yet there is no mistaking the fact that kindergart- ners and other educationists have ac- complished much. Only moral edu- cation has been almost entirely neg lected. In this department the manu- *i or parents have yet to be pre- pared, if we omit a few recent at- tempts. This book, based on much close and extensive observation, and written in the full glare of modern psychology, represents an endeavor or . a very modest scale to meet the present-day demand for a manual of how education dealing with the moral and intellectual training of children. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, GIRARD, KAXS. A Wizard of Words Brarm was a Crusader for Truth and Right. .He spared no man. no woman, no power, no wrong. What he thought he wrote. He may have ^>een wrong, but he had the cour- age of his convictions and the God- given ability to present those con- s in a way that made people admire him, love him, follow him —or hate and curse him. And while he made hosts of friends, it was inevitable that he made a host of enemies. On April 1, 1898, Brann was shot down in the streets of Waco by one of his enemies. Before he fell, he turned on his assailant and buried five bullets in his body. Brann died a few hours later. But he isn't through. Little did he realize his own power, his own magic of words, his own thunder- ing, crashing. power of expression. And although he himself is gone, his flaming spirit lives in the Ap- peal 's book entitled "Brann, Smasher of Shams." Prire: 25 cents per copv. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Love Love Letters of Men and Wo- men of Genius We know that Appeal readers will welcome this new addition to our rapidly growing Peopled Pocket Series. We have ready for immediate distribution a book en- title "Love Letters of Men and Women of Genius," which contains the following expressions of pas- sion : Napoleon to Josephine. Josephine to Napoleon. Edprar Allan Poe to his wife. Beau Brummell to a Conquest. Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn. Nathanial Hathorne to his wife. Wajrner to Mathilde. Bettine Brentano to Goethe. William Hazlitt to Sarah Walker. Goethe to Beltine Brentano. Heine to Camille Seiden. Diderot to Sophie Voland. Shelley to Elizabeth Hitchener. Lord Nelson to Lady Hamilton. Bismarck to Fraulein Puttkamer. Balzac to Madame Hanska. Only 25 Cents Per Copy APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Poems on Evolution Here is a complete anthology of the poetry of evolution. It opens with that immortal classic by Lang- don Smith, beginning: "When you were a tadpole and I was a fish." In all. there are 20 poems on this tremend- ous subject. Among the poets who help make up "Poems of Evolution" are Walt Whitman. William Herbert Carruth. Richard Hovey, Longfellow, Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Grant Allen. William Sharp, Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Wil- liam Ernest Henley and Thomas Bai- ley Aldrich. This is decidedly a curious item, for we know of no other edition that contains all of the poems written that in any way express the mystery, the romance and the profound signifi- cance of Evolution. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. Poe's Tales of Mystery Tales that hold you in deep, breathless suspense to the very last line; tales that amaze and as- tound you with the audacious orig- : nality of their conception; tale? that grip you with the sheer terror of their unique and unparalleled situations; such are these selected tales of mysteries by Edgar Allen Poe. Considered abroad as our ereatest writer. This book, enti- tled "Tales of Mystery," contains Poe's greatest short stories. In the table of contents you will find such masterpieces as "The Black Cat." "The Purloined Letter." "The Case of Amontellado," "The Tell- tale Heart," "The Pit and the Pen- dulum." and "The Fall of the House of Usher." Here you have six masterpieces. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. He Renounced the Faith! Jack London's Brilliant Story of The Apostate He was reared from babyhood on the Gospel of Work, the Philosophy of Toil, the Religion of Monotonous Routine — but he renounced the faith! In this great story. Jack London, the distinguished Socialist author, tells why his character renounced the faith that had literally been breu into his bones. This story of Jack London's, which has been issued by the Appeal, be- gins with the following rhyme: "Now I wake me up to work ; 1 pray the Lord I may not shirk. If I should die before the nitfht, I pray the Lord my work's all right. Amen." Only a Socialist could have writ- ten "He Renounced the Faith." And only a supreme artist like Jack Lon- don could have told this atory with such rare charm, such insight into working class character, such liter- ary artistry. Oniv 25 cents t>*»r con v. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. The Principles of Electricity This book will tell you what you want to know, in plain non-technical language It contains the following chapter headings: 1 he Laws and Theory of Electric- ity. What Is Electricity? The Foundations of Science. Various Electricity Theories Anal- yzed. How to Measure Electricity. Positive and Negative Electricity — the Difference. Laws of Electro-Magnetism Made Plain. Meaning of Fractional and Voltanic Electricity. Ampere's Theory Eplained. The Doctrine of Energy. How to Make Currents. What Electric Inertia Means. Properties of Lines of Force. The Electro-Magnetic Theory of Light. You don't need an electrical engi- neer or professor to carry you along as you gather information — this new book will tell you all you should know without outside help. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON Girard, Kans. How to Live 100 Years The average man feels so secur* in his possession of health that he takes it as a matter of course, yet 600,000 people die each year in the United States from preventable dis eases. Just because you feel well if- not a sure sign that you are well. How many times in your own circle of acquaintances have you seen an apparently healthy man suddenly go to pieces and die over night? There is no real sudden death. Men who die without obvious warning have been ill a long time without know ing that anything was wrong. The so-called "sudden death' is merely the culmination of an illness of long standing. The Appeal has a book for you. entitled "How to Live 100 Years," which ve want you to consult and live up to its common sense advice The author. Lewis Cornaro. lived to be 104. He took his own advice — and lived. And yet, be was an invalid at 40. This is the greatest health book even written. 25 cent* per cod* APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans. The Evolution of Love BY ELLEN KEY. Ellen Key is one of the greatest authorities on questions of sex in the world today. This book is oat of the most important things she hat ever done. In it she gives the reader a comprehensive and careful survey of the evolution of Love. There is no other book just lika this one. We know of no other vol- ume which contains the facts yea will want to know about Love — lova as it was in the primal days, love as it was in the days of the ancient*. love as it was in medieval times and love as it is today. It is really a his* tory of love, showing the many changes in regard to love and the reasons for each change. 25 cents per copy. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kana. Read the orfppeal tcTieascn Published Weekly. A paper that believes that the workers should receive the full social ralue of their labor. A paper that champions democracy in industry as well as in politics. A paper that advocates competitioa in the production of ideas and coop- tration in the production of things. A paper that tells the truth about conditions that exist in this country and presents the remedy in words that eannot be misunderstood. A paper that fights for the right of free speech, free press and free as- semblage. A paper that kindles hope in the k«arts of the downtrodden and in- spires fear in the hearts of the labor exploiters. A paper that stands for the rights tf man as above the rights of prop- erty. $1 per year. APPEAL TO REASON, Girard, Kans.