"LI B R.AR.Y OF THL UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS .574- Cop/2 NOTICE: Return or renew all Library Materials! The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. The person charging this material is responsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for discipli- nary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN DEC 2 ?fi04 L161 0-1096 1954 ILLINOIS CORN TESTS Variety performance Seed treatment Insects Diseases Bulletin 585 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION in cooperation with ILLINOIS STATE NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY . . . January, 1955 Location of 1954 test fields CONTENTS PLAN OF TESTS, GROWING CONDITIONS, p age INSECTS, DISEASES, AND SEED TREATMENTS 3 MEASURING PERFORMANCE 14 OPEN PEDIGREES 15 RESULTS OF VARIETY TESTS 16-26 Northern Illinois: DeKalb 16 West North-Central Illinois: Galesburg 18 Central Illinois: Urbana 20 Southern Illinois: Brownstown 23 Extreme Southern Illinois: Ridgway and Eldorado 25 SUMMARY 27 INDEX 28 CONTRIBUTORS 30 Special acknowledgment is due W. C. Jacob for processing the data on Illiac (automatic digital computer). Acknowledgment is also due the following persons for collaboration in these tests: Farm advisers and assistants in three counties: A. R. Kemp and Don Teel, Knox; A. E. Golden and Max Fox, DeKalb; and L. B. Kimmel, Saline; vocational agriculture teacher, H. C. Bishop, Eldorado. Urbana, Illinois January, 1955 Publications in the Bulletin series report the results of investigations made or sponsored by the Experiment Station 1954 ILLINOIS CORN TESTS 1 YIELDS were seriously affected by drouth in much of central and southern Illinois in 1954. Record yields, however, were reported in northern Illinois. The average yield of 49.5 bushels an acre estimated for the state as a whole is 4.5 bushels lower than the 1953 average and 2.1 below the 10-year average. Total pro- duction was about 449 million bushels as compared with 500 million bushels in 1953. 2 The quality of the crop was generally below that of recent years because the ears did not fill well and because of earworm damage and rots. Ear dropping because of damage from corn borers was above normal. PLAN OF THE TESTS Number of hybrids and their sources. Two hundred fifty-six hybrids were grown on five regular test fields. Forty-three com- panies and individuals and the Illinois Station furnished seed for the tests. Eighty-one hybrids were grown at Galesburg, Urbana, and Brownstown. Seventy-five entries were tested at DeKalb at 2 planting rates. Sixty varieties were grown at Ridgway. (For a summary of results on these fields, see Table 1.) A representative of the Illinois Station or of the Illinois Crop Improvement Association collected seed for planting the test fields directly from the warehouses of the producers entering the corn. Seed of Illinois and U. S. hybrids in commercial production was obtained from the producers of these hybrids. Selection of entries. Each year seed corn producers are given an opportunity to nominate hybrids for testing on the various fields. For some fields the number of hybrids nominated is so great that they cannot all be tested. For these fields selection is based partly on the quantity of the hybrid that is produced and partly on the area where it is sold. 1 By J. W. PENDLBTON, First Assistant in Crop Production; BENJAMIN KOEHLEB, Professor of Crop Pathology; A. L. LANG, Professor of Soil Fertility; P. E. JOHNSON, Assistant Professor of Soil Fertility; J. H. BIGGER, Entomologist, Illinois State Natural History Survey. 'Estimates of the average yield for the state were furnished by the ILLINOIS COOPERATIVE CROP REPORTING SERVICB, Illinois State Department of Agriculture cooperating with the U. S. Department of Agriculture. BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Table 1. GENERAL INFORMATION: Illinois Hybrid Corn Tests, 1954 Field, county, location Date Date A ^fl ge Mo f n ture Erect . r and number of entries planted harvested "j^ m ;n plants B DeKalb: DeKalb N75 May 11 Oct 26 bu. 107 7 perct. 23 perct. 95 perct. 87 Galesburg: Knox WNC 81 Oct. 14 95 2 22 9 94 89 Urbana : Champaign C 81 .... May 18 Nov. 2 105.0 16.8 95 93 Brownstown: Fayette S 81 May 17 Nov. 4 37.2 15.2 88 87 Eldorado: Saline Ex. S 60 . May 15 Oct. 28 71.2 17.2 97 92 COOPERATORS: RALPH ANDERSON and RALPH HAWTHORNE, Knox county; EARL SCHWARM and H. O. LEWIS, Fayette county; C. J. WAGNER, Saline county. Tests in DeKalb and Champaign counties were located on University farms managed by R. E. BELL and C. H. FABNHAM. A number of promising experimental hybrids are also included in the tests. Other hybrids are grown to meet the field- performance requirement for certification. A few Station- produced open-pedigree hybrids are included at each location. The 1954 performance of additional experimental hybrids is reported in Illinois Bulletin 584. Soil characteristics of fields. The test fields are usually medium to high in productivity, and each represents a soil type common to the region where it is located. Each field is selected for uniformity in soil type, productivity, and drainage. Approxi- mate locations of test fields are shown on the map on page 2. Soil characteristics and management are described in Table 2. Field-plot design. A 9 x 9 randomized, lattice-square field- plot design with 5 replications was used on the Galesburg, Ur- bana, and Brownstown fields. Controlled, randomized block designs were used at the other locations. Method of planting. All test fields were planted by hand on land prepared in the regular way for corn. Individual plots con- sisted of 2 rows 5 hills long. Four kernels were planted to the hill at Galesburg and Urbana; 3 kernels were planted at the two southern locations. At DeKalb 2 rates of planting, 4 kernels and 6 to the hill, were used. GROWING CONDITIONS In northern Illinois the 1954 growing season was generally favorable. Large areas of southern and central Illinois, however, suffered severely from drouth. 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 5 Table 2. TEST FIELDS: Soil Characteristics, Management Practices, and Rainfall in 1954 Soil tvnp rprmire- Avail able Available Previous crops, soil manage- r phosphorus potassium ment, and rainfall EBBUv NORTHERN: DeKalb tons Flanagan silt loam. . . 1 High Very high Corn 1950; oats 1951; red clover 1952; corn 1953; 200 pounds 0-20-0 and 250 pounds ammonium nitrate plowed down; rock phos- phate applied in 1950 Rainfall (inches) May 2.06; June 4.70; July 4.66; August 6.88 WEST NORTH-CENTRAL: Galesburg Muscatine silt loam .. 2 High Very high Corn 1951; oats 1952; alfalfa-brome hay pas- ture 1953; limestone and rock phosphate applied in past Rainfall (inches) May 5.4; June 3.4; July 2.4; August 5.0 CENTRAL: Urbana Drummer silt loam. . . High Very high Corn 1950; soybeans 1951; corn 1952, 1953; 300 pounds ammonium nitrate plowed down ; limestone and rock phosphate applied in past Rainfall (inches) May 2.73; June 3.05; July 2.92; August 4.69 SOUTHERN: Brownstown Cisne silt loam 2 High High Corn 1950; oats and clover 1951; corn 1952; oats and clover 1953; 300 pounds muriate potash broadcast before planting; 200 pounds ammonium nitrate side-dressed at second cultivation; limestone and rook phosphate applied in past Rainfall (inches) May 3.25; June 1.40; July 2.29; August 3.32 EXTREME SOUTHERN: Eldorado Probably Patton silty clay loam 1 High High Longhorn turnips 1951; soybeans 1952; wheat (sweet clover) 1953; 800 pounds 0-20-20 plowed down; 100 pounds of nitrogen side- dressed at first cultivation Rainfall (inches) May 2.31: June 1.43; July 3.67; August 4.22 The soil type designation for all fields have been approved by HERMAN WASCHER, Assistant Professor of Soil Physics. Rainfall gages courtesy of GLENN STOUT, Head of Meteorology Division, Illinois State Water Survey. All test fields were planted in excellent seedbeds and early growth and development were fine. At Brownstown the vegeta- tive growth indicated a bumper crop, but a moisture deficiency and hot winds in July resulted in disappointing yields. Eldorado also suffered from lack of late summer moisture. Moisture at other locations was good to excellent (see rainfall, Table 2). 6 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Stalk breakage was not common in the test plots in 1954, though some occurred on the fields at Brownstown and Gales- burg. The quality of the grain was generally below normal because of poorly filled ears, earworm damage, and resulting rots. Fall weather was favorable for drying, and grain moisture was lower than average. Very little damage was evident from stalk and leaf diseases, and for the first time in many years, no disease notes were re- corded in the test plots of commercial hybrids. INSECT DAMAGE European corn borer. During 1954 the increase in the num- bers of European corn borers, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hbn.), that had been threatened occurred. At the present time, the northern half of Illinois has an overwintering population approximately 50 percent larger than the population at this time in 1953. This means that corn production in 1955 is again threatened in this area. The Galesburg and Urbana test fields showed the results of this increase (Tables 3 and 8). At Galesburg there was extensive plant breakage and ear dropping. On this field an average of 55.1 percent of the plants were broken above the ear, the range of breakage being 42.1 to 76.1 percent. An average of 7.2 percent of the plants were broken below the ear, the range being 0.6 to 14.6 percent. An average of 4 percent of the ears were dropped (assuming one ear per plant). The range in dropped ears was 0.5 to 8.9 percent. In plants broken both above and below the ear and in ear dropping, differences between hybrids were significant. At Urbana, practically no plants were broken, but ear drop- ping was general throughout the field (Table 8). An average of 3.6 percent of the ears was dropped. The range was to 12.6 percent. In ears dropped, hybrids varied significantly. At both Galesburg and Urbana, a little ear dropping was caused by corn earworm, Heliothis armigera (Hbn.), but not enough to alter the figures materially. Corn rootworm. The Eldorado test field, which was examined August 2, 1954, showed extensive plant lodging because of root- worm, (Diabrotica spp.), attack and a windstorm in early July. 1955} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS : 1954 Table 3. EUROPEAN CORN BORER DAMAGE: West North-Central Illinois, Galesburg, 1954 Entry Plants broken Plants broken Ears dropped" Above ear Below ear dropped* Entry Above ear Below ear A.E.S. 702 (Mountjoy).. Ainsworth X-13-3 perct. 55.4 59.2 55.0 43.1 48.0 46.5 59.2 63.3 76.1 58.4 54.0 61.7 63.3 50.6 48.6 52.1 52.6 43.7 52.6 50.9 57.3 56.2 57.5 56.3 61.7 49.2 59.6 49.5 61.0 49.2 59.6 58.3 64.2 63.4 47.1 45.9 58.9 59.6 52.0 56.0 44.5 perct. 8.1 13.8 8.9 6.6 4.0 7.0 11.2 3.2 .6 7.8 9.2 6.7 2.3 6.7 3.8 3.0 3.4 7.7 6.9 5.9 11.2 5.4 8.9 5.7 10.9 7.8 11.5 4.3 3.4 7.3 6.4 11.9 8.4 4.3 5.9 2.2 7.8 8.8 7.0 5.1 8.5 perct. 4.3 6.9 5.0 6.6 2.3 1.6 8.9 1.9 3.4 3.6 2.9 3.9 7.3 1.7 .5 7.9 6.9 4.4 2.3 4.1 2.8 4.9 7.8 2.8 7.1 3.4 4.9 4.9 3.4 2.8 1.9 5.4 3.4 3.2 4.3 3.3 4.4 2.9 5.8 3.4 4.3 Moews 524 perct. 42.9 61.3 50.0 54.6 53.7 50.6 57.9 62.1 56.6 54.8 51.5 53.0 49.7 47.8 60.4 62.6 55.3 54.3 44.9 48.7 62.4 59.8 47.7 57.6 55.6 62.7 56.9 49.4 55.8 62.3 42.1 56.9 57.8 53.1 57.8 50.0 57.7 67.4 60.1 55.6 55.1 11.0 perct. 4.9 5.4 6.6 4.0 6.9 9.1 3.8 6.6 8.1 7.6 8.5 5.5 8.8 4.9 8.2 3.8 14.0 8.2 5.6 7.9 5.3 8.4 13.8 8.7 5.0 4.7 8.8 3.9 10.5 4.4 9.0 6.6 5.6 4.5 13.3 15.3 10.7 2.2 11.2 14.6 7.2 5.7 perct. 3.3 6.0 4.2 2.3 4.0 2.8 2.7 4.4 1.7 1.9 6.7 1.1 5.0 4.4 4.9 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.7 1.6 6.1 1.7 1.6 2.5 8.3 7.7 4.5 7.7 .5 2.8 2.4 5.0 3.9 4.6 1.1 3.0 1.1 4.3 5.3 4.0 4.2 Ainsworth X-14-3 Morton 12A Ainsworth X-21 Morton 70 Bear OK-20 Morton 303 . . Bear OK-24 Bruns P-37 Crow 402 Munson 119 Null 68 Crow 407 Crow 608 Null 83 DeKalb 628A. . P.A.G 303 DeKalb 817A P.A.G. 347 DeKalb 825 PAG 383 DeKalb 837 P.A.G. 392 DeKalb 847 PAG 403 Doubet 25 .. . Pioneer 313B Doubet 42 Doubet 43 Pioneer X 0101 Funk G-95 Pioneer 6063 Pioneer 9212 Funk G-95A . . . Griffith 129 Producers 900 Holmes 21 A Producers 940 Robe 20 Holmes 39 .. Holmes 46 Schwenk 24 Huey 23 Huey 42 Schwenk 27 Huey 235 Schwenk 34 Hulting 102 Sieben 320 Hulting 241 Sieben 340 Illinois 21 (Dittmer).. . . Illinois 1091 (Mountjoy) Illinois 1337 (Dittmer) . Illinois 1570 (Graham) . Illinois 1814 (Station). Illinois 1831 (Station) . Illinois 1873 (Station) . Lowe 514 Sieben 360 Stewart 51 Stewart 60 Stiegelmeier 300 Stiegelmeier 379 Tiemann 78 U.S. 13 (Graham).... Average of all entries Difference necessary for significance . . . Lowe 523 Lowe 530 Moews 520. . . Moews 523 a Assuming one ear per plant. At harvest time, however, practically all the lodged plants had regained an erect position. The result was that plants that had been lodged were elbowed. At this time, the plants that had been lodged 45 degrees or more in August and then elbowed to uprightness were counted (Table 10). The range was 5.3 to 62 percent, and the average 22.4 percent. Differences between many hybrids were significant. 8 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Other insects. Cutworms, armyworms, chinch bugs, and grasshoppers were abundant in some areas of the state and did considerable damage to crops. Corn earworm was more abundant in 1954 than it has been for many years. It is anticipated that at least the chinch bugs and grasshoppers will constitute a threat to the 1955 crops. DISEASE DAMAGE 1 All disease occurrences were exceptionally variable from place to place in Illinois in 1954. It is believed this variability can be attributed to great variations in weather conditions. Stewart's disease. Because Stewart's disease was prevalent in 1953 and because the ensuing winter temperatures were above normal each month, severe damage from Stewart's disease in 1954 was anticipated, especially in the southern two-thirds of the state. Flea beetles, which carry this disease through the winter, were exceptionally abundant in April. This is earlier than usual. By the time the corn came up in May, however, nearly all the beetles had disappeared. The reason for their disappearance is not definitely known. Thereafter the beetles made a slow comeback, and Stewart's disease did not become conspicuous until somewhat later than normal, too late to cause serious Stewart's disease damage. Corn inbreds again showed great differences in resistance to the leaf-blight phase of Stewart's disease (Table 4). To obtain comparative data on resistance to Stewart's disease, 70 inbreds were planted. Some of these inbreds were from unreleased lines and others are in wide use. Two plantings, May 6 and May 18, were made in 3 replications for each date. Each plot was thinned to 24 plants. This thinning made the plant population 12,000 per acre. As an indication of expected earliness of maturity, records were kept on days to nearly full tassel. Dry weather caused premature dying of leaves in some lines, in some cases to the extent that Stewart's disease readings could 1 Data on disease prevalence and estimates of losses are based principally on survej's made by G. H. Boewe, Assistant Plant Pathologist, Illinois State Natural History Survey. 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 not be made satisfactorily. In those cases data for this disease are not given in Table 4. Premature leaf dying, due apparently to Table 4. REACTION OF CERTAIN INBRED LINES OF CORN TO SMUT AND TO STEWART'S LEAF BLIGHT; PLANTS RATED FOR PREMATURE DEATH OF LEAVES AND HEAT SCALD: Central Illinois, Urbana, 1954 (Average of 6 replications) Days to a m ,,n... Leaves Stewart's Inbred tassel- k J " y dead, leaf ing plal 3 Sept. 10 blighf- Heat scald Original lines compared with recovered lines bred for resistance to northern leaf blight perct. score core Illinois Hy 2 (original) . 73 1 3.2 1.0 None Indiana Hy recovered" 75 3 2.8 .3 None U.S. CI. 42A (Hy recovered)-! 76 2 2.2 None U.S. CI. 42B (Hy recovered) 1 * 75 4 3.1 None U.S. CI. 42C (Hy recovered)-) 75 3 2.0 .8 None Indiana 38-1 1 (original) . 76 7 1.5 2.3 None Indiana 38-11 recovered 77 10 1.3 .8 None U.S. CI. 38A (38-11 recovered)-) 83 29 2.2 .8 None U.S. CI. 38B (38-11 recovered)-! 79 11 1.2 .3 None Iowa L317 (original) . 77 1 2.8 .5 None Indiana L317 recovered" 81 4 3.9 None Kansas K64 (original) (W) . 80 2 1.0 3.2 None Indiana K64 recovered(W) 77 1 1.0 None U.S. CI. 64 (K64 recovered) (W)d 79 4 .5 None Other lines: arranged alphabetically by place of origin Connecticut C103 . 76 3 5.0 None Illinois Hy 2 73 3.2 1.0 None Illinois M14 66 10 4.8 Moderate Illinois R4 73 7 4.7 None Illinois R30(W) 71 1 2.2 1.0 None Illinois R39 . 75 16 1.1 None Illinois R61 73 4 3.2 3.7 None Illinois R70 68 2.5 1.0 None Illinois R71A 72 3 4.2 3.5 None Illinois R72 74 8 3.2 .5 Moderate Illinois R74 . 70 1 3.5 2.0 None Illinois R75 69 13 3.0 .8 None Illinois R83 73 19 4.2 3.0 Severe Illinois R84 70 6 3.4 1.0 None Illinois R89 73 2 4.9 None Illinois R95 . 74 11 4.0 2.0 None Illinois R96 74 7 3.0 4.0 None Illinois R98 73 7 3.9 1.0 None Illinois R101 72 3 2.9 4.3 None Illinois R105 73 2 2.2 .8 None a Ratings are based on a score of (no damage) to 5 (all leaves dead). In many instances, pre- mature death of leaves was caused primarily by drouth. 1 A score of means that in all 6 replications the score was estimated as closer to than to 1 and plants should, in general, be considered to show merely a trace of the disease. Blank spaces mean that leaves had died so prematurely no satisfactory disease readings could be made. Unreleased line, seed obtained from A. J. Ullstrup, U. S. Dept. Agr. and Purdue Univ. d Unreleased line, seed obtained from M. T. Jenkins, U. S. Dept. of Agr. (Table is concluded on next page) 10 BULLETIN No. 585 Table 4. URBANA concluded Inbred Days to tassel- ing Smutty plants Leaves dead, Sept. 10" Stewart's leaf blight b Heat scald perct. score score Illinois R109B.. . . 71 8 3.2 .5 None Illinois R113 68 3 4.4 None Illinois R118 78 24 2.9 2.3 None Illinois R127 69 14 1.9 1.3 None Illinois R128 68 14 4.5 Moderate Illinois R129 73 1 2.5 1.0 None Illinois R154 73 9 4.0 .3 Severe Illinois 5120B 75 7 2.2 1.0 None Indiana H21(W) . 75 9 3.3 1.5 Moderate Indiana 33-16(W) 76 1.8 1.3 None Indiana 38-11 76 7 1.5 2.3 None Indiana WF9 71 17 3.3 1.3 None Indiana \VF9, male sterile T 72 14 3.3 .8 None Iowa B7 . 72 5 4.0 1.0 None Iowa BIO 74 2 3.7 3.5 Severe Iowa B14 71 1 3.3 4.0 Moderate Iowa 1205 66 3.0 4.0 None Iowa L289 71 12 5.0 Moderate Iowa L317 77 1 2.8 .0 None Iowa OS420 67 3 4.5 None Kansas K4 . 81 1 .6 .3 None Kansas K55(W) 71 18 3.2 .8 Moderate Kansas K64(W) 80 2 1.0 3.2 None Kansas K155 75 6 .6 .8 None Kansas K201 78 3 1.2 1.0 None Kentucky 27 (W) . 72 5 4.5 None Nebraska N6 70 2 4.4 None Ohio 7... . 76 1.6 1.8 None Ohio 29 75 12 2.3 1.3 None Ohio 41 80 1 3.0 1.0 None Ohio 43 65 3 4.5 .3 None Ohio 45 65 6 2.5 1.3 None Ohio 51A 65 4 4.0 .8 None U.S. CI. 7A. . . 84 3 .8 .5 None U.S. CI. 21E 79 2 .0 1.3 None U.S. CI. 49B 81 14 2.5 1.3 None U.S. CI. 187-2 70 1 4.5 Moderate Wisconsin W8 . 65 11 4.5 None Wisconsin W22 69 5 3.5 2.3 None Wisconsin W32 70 10 4.2 None " Ratings are based on a score of (no damage) to 5 (all leaves dead) . In many instances, pre- mature death of leaves was caused primarily by drouth. b A score of means that in all 6 replications the score was estimated as closer to than to 1 and plants should, in general, be considered to show merely a trace of the disease. Blank spaces mean that leaves had died so prematurely no satisfactory disease readings could be made. drouth, was not limited to the earliest lines. Among entries for which satisfactory Stewart's leaf blight data could not be obtained were C103 and Ky 27 inbreds that are adapted from central to southern Illinois. Stewart's disease readings were based entirely on the abun- dance of lesions on the leaves, regardless of the amount of gen- eral leaf dying. Fortunately there was no Helminthosporium leaf infection to complicate the readings. The development of the 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 11 disease for the 2 planting dates was about the same. The data given are an average of the 6 replications. Entries were ran- domized and the field plots were identified only by row numbers. Eighteen of the inbreds on which readings could be made in 1954 were the same as those tested in 1953. 1 The correlation between the readings for 1953 and 1954 was 0.698, which is highly sig- nificant. In the report of the tests for 1953, a correlation between resistance to Stewart's disease and Northern leaf blight was dis- cussed. Disease resistance to northern leaf blight (Helmintho- sporium turcicum) was observed on inbreds tested on the Station farm in 1951. In 1953 resistance to Stewart's disease was observed on the same inbreds and the correlation between resistance to the two diseases was found to be good. This year more evidence of the relationship between the two was obtained, but in a differ- ent manner. Corn research specialists in the United States Department of Agriculture have been breeding corn for resistance to northern leaf blight. Their method was to cross good cornbelt lines with a resistance line and then backcross to the original cornbelt line, always selecting for resistance to northern leaf blight by the aid of artificial epidemics of the disease. In the 1954 Illinois corn tests, these inbreds resistant to northern leaf blight revealed resistance to Stewart's disease that was superior to the resistance of the original lines (Table 4, first part). These inbreds had not been selected for resistance to Stewart's disease. Breeding for resistance to northern leaf blight, however, did not prove to give any automatic resistance to smut (Table 4). Smut. Damage from smut was greatest in central and south- central Illinois. The damage for the state as a whole was esti- mated at a 2 percent loss in yield, the highest since 1940. This estimate was based on examination of 4,700 stalks in 46 scattered counties. The occurrence of the disease was variable, being nearly absent in some fields and extremely high in others. Inbred lines showed striking differences in percentage of smutty plants (Table 4). These differences were fairly consistent for all six replications. It has been shown by others that the inheritance of 1 1953 Illinois corn tests. 111. Bui. 571, p. 11. 12 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, resistance to smut is governed by a number of genetic factors and that where inbred lines that differ in amount of smut infec- tion are used in crosses, the amount of smut can be expected to be intermediate between that of the parent lines. Stalk rots. About twice as much stalk rot infection was ob- served to be caused by Diplodia zeae as by Gibberella zeae. Gibberella was especially prevalent in the northern part of the state where, in some fields, it caused much stalk breakage. Al- though an average of 34 percent of the cornstalks in the state was infected with Diplodia stalk rot, this disease did not cause much lodging in 1954. Ear rots. The occurrence of ear rot caused by Fusarium moniliforme was the highest it has been since 1934. Survey data showed 43 percent of the ears to be infected. Much of this infec- tion was limited to the tip end of the ear, but in some cases the major part of the ear was rotted. This high incidence of Fusarium rot came as the follow-up of an exceptional amount of injury by corn ear worms. Ear rot caused by Diplodia zeae was nearly normal, causing an average of a little less than 1 percent rotted or discolored kernels. Mechanical damage to the ear by worms has little effept on the amount of Diplodia rot. Rot caused by Nigrospora oryzae was above normal in north-central and northern Illinois. SEED TREATMENT TESTS The seed used for the 1954 test was grown in 1952. It con- sisted of the same three hybrids used in the 1953 seed- treatment test. One set of chemical treatments was made in April, 1953, and each kind of treated seed was sealed in a mason jar. "Un- treated seed of the same kind was stored in tin cans. Both treated and untreated seed was stored in a refrigerator at 40 F. In April, 1954, a similar set of treatments was made, using the untreated stored seed. All the treatments were made by the slurry method. The seed was planted May 6 and the seedlings emerged May 18. Emergence was slow because of cold weather after planting. The soil, however, was moderately dry. Seven chemicals were used in the tests. Arasan SF-X, Thiram Naugets, Phygon-XL-DDT, and Orthocide 75 are protective 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 13 fungicides. The remaining chemicals are combinations of fungi- cides and insecticides. Stands showed unusual variability for some entries (Table 5). Yields were little better than half of normal because of drouth damage. On the whole, stands and yields were signifi- cantly better for the treated than for the untreated entries. The average increase in yield from treatments made one month before planting was 5.1 bushels (Table 5), or 8.7 percent. On a percentage basis, this increase is fairly close to increases obtained in the years since the experiments have been conducted with commercially processed seed. For the most part, treatments made 13 months before planting gave results similar to those made 1 month before planting. Among compounds used at two rates of application, only Ara- san gave the best results at the higher rate. As Arasan and Thiram Table 5. SEED TREATMENT: Increases in Stands and Acre Yields From Treatment With Chemical Protectants (Composite test of three hybrids, Urbana, 1954) Treatment R bushef r Field stand Acre yield increase increase oz. perct. over check bu. over check None (check) 82.3 ... 58.8 Treated 1 month before planting Arasan SF-X ... ^ 88.7 6.4 63.4 4.6 Arasan SF-X 1 90.8 8.5 70.0 11.2 Thiram Naugets H 85.7 3.4 65.0 6.2 Thiram Naugets 1 91.7 8.4 63.3 4.5 Phygon-XL-DDT Yi 86.3 4.0 65.5 6.7 Phygon-XL-DDT 1 89.6 7.3 60.7 1.9 Orthocide 75 % 86.9 4.6 62.7 3.9 Orthocide 75 \Y* 83.3 1.0 59.2 .4 Ortho Seed Guard \Yz 90.8 8.5 65.3 6.5 DuPont I &D \Y\ 89.6 7.3 64.3 5.5 DuPont Experimental' \Yt 86. 3.7 63. 4.2 Average .... 5.7 .... 5.1 Treated 13 months before planting Arasan SF-X.. Y* 83.6 1.3 60.4 1.6 Arasan SF-X 1 88.7 6.4 70.6 11.8 Thiram Naugets Yi. 83.9 1.6 67.3 8.5 Thiram Naugets 1 89.9 7.6 61.7 2.9 Phygon-XL-DDT Yi. 87.2 4.9 67.9 9.1 Phygon-XL-DDT 1 88.7 6.4 63.3 4.5 Orthocide 75 M 88.1 5.8 63.8 5.0 Orthocide 75 \Yi. 85.7 3.4 59.7 .9 Ortho Seed Guard \Yi 88.4 6.1 67.4 8.6 DuPont I & D 1M 89.9 7.6 68.6 9.8 DuPont Experimental 1H 87.8 5.5 64.0 5.2 Average .... 5.1 .... 6.2 Contains 56.25 percent thiram and 12.5 percent dieldrin. For composition of the other com- pounds see: 1953 Illinois Corn Tests, 111. Bui. 571, p. 8. 14 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Naugets contain the same active ingredient, namely thiram, it is surprising that they behaved in an opposite manner with respect to rate of application. The reversal was statistically sig- nificant, but the reason for their behavior is not known. Ortho Seed Guard has been tested for the second season and both times produced better results than Orthocide 75, a compound made by the same manufacturer. MEASURING PERFORMANCE The entries of the 1954 test are listed in the tables in alpha- betical order. It is hoped this arrangement will reduce the emphasis often placed on yield alone. Yield of grain. To determine shelling percentage, all the ears from one replicate of each entry were shelled immediately after harvest. From the well-mixed shelled corn one sample was taken to determine the percentage of moisture at harvest. 1 The total acre-yield was calculated as shelled corn containing 15.5 percent moisture, the upper limit allowable in No. 2 corn. The total yield thus obtained for three fields (Galesburg, Urbana, and Browns- town) was adjusted according to the procedure outlined by Cochran for randomized lattice-square designs. 2 Erect plants. The percentage of erect plants in each plot of each entry on each field was estimated at the time of harvest. Lodging may have been due to rootworm damage, weak or rotted roots, corn borer damage, stalk rots, or weak stalks. Stalks broken above the ear were not considered lodged. Height of ear. Notes on comparative height of ear were taken at harvest time. Each lot of each entry was placed in one of the five fol- lowing categories: low, mid-low (midway between low and medium), medium, mid-high (midway between medium and high), and high. Beginning with low and continuing progressively to high, these terms were assigned numerical values from 1 to 5 to permit the averaging of the plots. Stand. A count was made in late summer, at all fields, of the number of missing hills and total number of missing plants in each plot of each variety. It is assumed that missing hills were due to some 1 All moisture determinations were made with a Steinlite moisture tester. 2 Cochran, W. G. "Some Additional Lattice-Square Designs." Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Bui. 318. May, 1943. 1956} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 15 factor other than the hybrid itself. Yields were corrected for missing hills by the following adjustment: Ear weight in field X ( 1 + T-TT-. - 1 ^- X .6 ) = adjusted ear weight. \ hills present / The percent stand is based on the total number of missing plants in relation to the number that would have been present if all the kernels had produced plants. Stand differences may be due to poor germina- tion, to disease, insect, or rodent destruction, or in some cases to destruction in cultivation. Readers are urged to keep in mind these two things when comparing the performance of hybrids on any one field: 1. Small differences in any one year do not necessarily indi- cate that one hybrid is inherently superior to another. For the amount one hybrid must outyield another before it can be con- sidered better, see the difference-necessary-for-significance figures given at the bottom of these tables. Significance is also given for erect plants, and where applicable, for insect damage and leaf burning. Significance was calculated at the 5-percent level. 2. Tests covering three years (see upper part of yield tables) give more reliable results than those covering only one year. The fact that a hybrid does not appear in the summary is, however, nothing against it its absence merely means that 1954 was the first year it was tested or that it missed one year of the series. PEDIGREES OF 28 HYBRIDS Following is a list of open-pedigree hybrids whose performance is shown in this bulletin. A.E.S. 702. . .(Cl03XM14)(Hy2XWF9) 111. 1767... A.E.S. 805. . .(C103XOh45)(WF9X 38-11) 111. 1800... 111. 21 (Hy2 X 187-2) (WF9X 38-11) 111. 1813. . . 111. 101 (M 14 XWF9)( 187-2 XW26) 111. 1814. . . 111. 1091 (Hy2XWF9)(M-14X 187-2) 111. 1831... 111. 1091 A. . . .(Hy2X 187-2) (M-14XWF9) 111. 1850. . . 111. 1246 (R61X187-2)(WF9X38-11) 111. 1852... 111. 1277 (M14XWF9) (1.205X187-2) 111. 1863. . . 111. 1337 (Hy2XR61)(WF9X 38-11) 111. 1873... 111. 1511 (Hy2XWF9)(38-llXL304A) 111. 1902. . . 111. 1559B... .(M-14XOh28)(WF9XOh51A) 111. 6021... 111. 1570 (Hy2XOh41)(WF9X 38-11) 111. 6075... 111. 1575 (M14XWF9)(L12XOh28) Ohio-C-92. 111. 1656 (Cl03XHy2)(WF9X 38-11) U.S. 13. . . .(Hy2XOh45)(WF9X38-ll) .(M14XWF9)(A73XA295) .(C103XOh45)(Hy2XWF9) .(Hy2XWF9)(M14XOh45) . (WF9 X W146) (K237 X Oh45) .(C103XCI.21E)(38-11XK201) . (C103 XCI.21E) (38-11 XOh7) .(M14XWF9)(I.205XOh43) .(Cl03XM14)(R75XOh43) . (R138 X R142) (R139 X R141) .(R75XR76)(R84XK4) . (R75 X R83) (R78 X R87) . (Hy2XOh7)(WF9X3811) . (HyXL317)(WF9X38-ll) 16 BULLETIN No. 585 Table 6. NORTHERN ILLINOIS: DeKalb 11 [January, Total acre yield and planting rate b Moisture in grain at harvest Erect o* j plants Stand Height of ear 16,000 24,000 SUMMARY 1952-1954: Less than 5.8 bushels difference between total yields of any two entries is not significant bu. bu. perct. perct. perct. Pioneer 347 ... 118.6 20.1 97 92 Medium Illinois 1091A (Dittmer) ... 117.2 21.8 98 87 M-high Pioneer 325 ... 116.0 22.0 98 92 M-low P.A.G. 277 ... 115.4 20.4 96 88 Medium Holmes HA ... 114.5 19.4 96 89 Medium Illinois 1277 ... 114.5 21.1 96 88 Medium Ainsworth X-12 ... 114.5 21.2 98 88 Medium Pioneer 337 ... 113.1 19.9 96 91 Medium Sieben 340 ... 112.8 22.8 97 95 High Huebsch 81 ... 111.9 20.0 95 93 M-low FunkG-16A 110.8 20.2 96 85 Medium Holmes 17 ... 110.2 21.5 98 85 Medium Huebsch 24 ... 108.5 20.0 94 90 Low Keystone 44 ... 108.4 21.1 98 84 M-low FunkG-77A ... 108.0 19.8 97 85 M-high Tiemann 61 ... 107.7 21.0 98 93 Medium Frey425 ... 107.1 22.0 96 88 M-high Illinois 101 (Huebsch) ... 107.1 22.5 97 91 Medium DeKalb 406 ... 107.0 21.6 96 88 Medium Sieben 440E ... 106.9 20.8 97 88 Medium Sieben 450 106.4 20.0 95 87 Medium Crow 432 ... 106.2 21.8 98 91 M-low Nichols 5B ... 104.8 20.1 95 89 Medium Crow 260 ... 104.2 20.0 97 86 Medium Sieben 560 ... 103.9 20.1 98 79 Medium Illinois 1800 (Station) ... 100.5 19.9 98 89 M-low Moews 80 ... 87.2 18.0 95 86 Low Average of all entries ... 109.0 20.7 97 88 1954 RESULTS Ainsworth X-12 117.4 110.6 97 90 Medium Bear OK-28 117.9 109.0 23.0 85 93 M-low BearOK-414 117.3 123.2 22.3 97 86 M-high Crow 260 106.2 109.1 23.2 95 89 Medium Crow 402 105.2 112.6 22.4 96 81 Low Crow 432 111.0 109.2 23.2 96 92 M-low Crow 487 109.3 113.5 23.4 97 86 Low DeKalb 248... 100.8 100.7 22.0 94 87 M-low DeKalb 406 100.5 106.5 26.1 94 84 Medium DeKalb 407 103.6 100.3 22.9 92 94 Medium DeKalb 455 105.6 105.3 23.2 90 87 M-high Doubet 25 103.3 106.6 24.6 98 85 High Doubet 45 114.2 102.3 22.7 96 87 M-high Frey 410 114.1 115.7 22.6 98 96 Low Frey 425 111.1 108.8 23.4 93 93 High FunkG-16A 108.2 108.4 23.5 93 87 Medium FunkG-77A 106.9 109.4 21.6 98 74 M-high a Data shown for moisture, erect plants, stand, and ear height recorded in 16,000 plant population . b Planting rate refers to number of kernels planted per acre (16,000 = 4 kernels per hill, 24,000 = 6 kernels per hill). Average of Illinois 1277 (Station) 1952, Illinois 1277 (Huebsch) 1953, Illinois 1277 (Nichols) 1954 . (Table is concluded on next page) 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 17 Table 6. NORTHERN ILLINOIS : DeKalb concluded Total acre yield and planting rate* 16,000 Moisture in grain at 24,000 harvest Erect plants Stand Height of ear 1954 RESULTS concluded bu. bu. perct. percl. perct. Holmes 11 A 116.8 117.1 21.4 94 92 Medium Holmes 17 98.7 102.8 22.9 96 77 Low Huebsch 16 108.1 104.2 22.9 98 79 M-low Huebsch 24 104.7 110.9 23.1 94 88 Low Huebsch 81 107.6 115.2 22.8 94 88 M-low Hulting 238 118.9 121.0 22.2 93 93 Low Hulting240 110.0 107.8 23.7 93 89 M-low Hulting 241 105.1 105.3 22.1 91 80 Low Illinois 101 (Huebsch) ... 102.2 118.4 26.4 95 85 Medium Illinois 1091 A (Dittmer) 113.8 110.3 23.5 96 89 M-high Illinois 1277 (Nichols) 110.9 116.5 23.7 93 84 Medium Illinois 1559B (Nichols) 106 . 5 103 . 9 22 . 6 95 89 M-low Illinois 1575 (Station) 114.4 98.1 24.8 94 93 M-high Illinois 1800 (Station) 96.9 101.2 22.1 96 93 M-low Illinois 1863 (Station) 118.5 111.8 23.5 98 95 Low Illinois 1902 (Station) 128.5 123.3 24.2 91 95 M-high Keystone44 109.9 111.6 24.1 97 77 M-low Lowe 315 80.3 90.3 22.9 96 63 Low Lowe 355 85.4 89.5 22.2 96 78 Low Lowe 414R 100.5 103.6 22.1 93 85 Medium Lowe 424 75.1 82.7 22.4 98 72 Medium Moews 14 109.1 103.0 23.4 91 86 Medium Moews 14E 104.0 106.5 22.4 96 89 Medium Moews 14EE 101.9 109.5 22.5 93 90 Low Moews 15 104.5 108.2 21.2 95 75 M-high Moews 80 86.0 87.1 20.7 90 90 Low Moews 85 81.8 99.1 21.9 96 71 Low Moews 86 99.0 107.1 20.6 97 89 Low Munson 5 116.7 120.3 23.7 93 90 Medium Munson 77 109.9 102.2 23.7 96 80 M-high Nichols 5B 106.8 109.1 23.4 94 84 Medium Nichols 75A 115.0 116.3 22.5 96 89 Medium P.A.G. 234... 110.4 122.8 22.5 94 94 M-high P.A.G. 244 115.5 119.6 22.6 94 92 Medium P.A.G. 253 114.8 114.4 23.0 91 91 Medium P.A.G. 277 116.7 111.1 22.8 95 94 Medium P.A.G. 303 107.9 107.2 23.1 95 88 M-low P.A.G. 7220 109.1 124.5 25.8 97 88 Medium Pioneer 325 116.5 120.5 23.3 97 91 Medium Pioneer 337 112.2 118.0 22.2 92 94 Medium Pioneer 347 121.9 106.0 22.7 95 90 Medium Pioneer 354 115.8 123.8 22.5 98 88 M-high Producers 311 99.2 104.6 25.5 97 84 M-low Producers 314 111.3 100.1 22.8 92 94 M-low Producers 315 103.4 110.2 23.7 94 87 Medium Producers 320 100.5 104.7 21.4 95 81 M-high Producers 326 113.1 109.7 22.4 97 91 M-low Producers 510 118.7 109.1 22.8 96 91 M-high Schwenkl7.. 110.2 99.5 24.3 96 94 Medium Sieben340 124.7 103.6 21.9 94 93 High Sieben 440E 108.3 111.1 23.3 95 88 Medium Sieben450 102.8 105.0 22.1 96 81 Medium Sieben 560 105.5 109.6 23.4 99 79 Medium Southern States Pocahontas 98.3 102.7 23.7 96 77 High Stewart 56 113.1 111.4 23.8 93 91 M-high Stiegelmeier 379 110.8 114.6 22.4 89 86 Low Super-Crost 440 107.9 106.9 23.6 96 83 Low Tiemann 61 105.9 108.4 22.4 98 92 Medium Average of all entries 107.7 108.6 23.0 95 87 Difference necessary for significance 7.9 8.6 .... 3 .. Planting rate refers to number of kernels planted per acre (16,000 4 kernels per hill, 24,000 = 6 kernels per hill. 18 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Table 7. WEST NORTH-CENTRAL ILLINOIS: Galesburg a Entry Total acre yield Moisture in grain at harvest Erect plants Stand Height of ear SUMMARY 1952-1954: Less than 6.5 bushels difference between total yields of any two entries is not significant bu. perct. perct. perct. Pioneer 313B 110.8 19.8 75 91 M-high Holmes 39 108.1 20.3 86 87 M-high Munson 5 105.0 18.6 85 90 M-low Schwenk24 105.0 18.8 86 92 M-high Schwenk 34 105.0 18.9 91 92 M-high Ainsworth X-21 103.8 18.4 87 92 M-high U.S. 13b 103.4 19.4 83 92 High Crow 407 103.3 18.6 90 90 Low BrunsP-37 101.9 19.3 83 89 M-high Illinois 1570" 101.4 18.3 85 91 M-high FunkG-95 101.2 19.0 86 84 M-high Ainsworth X- 13-3 100.9 20.4 86 88 High BearOK-24 100.7 20.4 86 92 Medium P.A.G. 303 99.9 18.9 90 94 Low Illinois 21 (Dittmer) 99.8 19.1 90 89 M-high DeKalb 847 98.9 19.5 88 90 M-high Huey23 98.7 18.7 87 89 M-high Morton 70 98.6 19.0 86 91 M-high Sieben 340 96.9 17.2 86 90 Medium Doubet43 96.7 19.1 91 89 Medium P.A.G. 392 96.3 17.4 89 86 Medium Crow 608 95.2 18.4 87 86 Medium Huey 235 94.2 19.3 89 91 M-high Lowe 514 94.1 19.1 86 88 Medium Stewart 51 94 . 19.8 90 91 M-high Doubet 25 93.9 18.5 92 87 Medium Huey 42 92.2 18.7 87 89 M-high Tiemann 61 89.9 18.1 85 91 Low Average of all entries 99.6 19.0 87 90 1954 RESULTS A.E.S. 702 (Mountjoy) 91.9 Ainsworth X-13-3 104.6 Ainsworth X-14-3 102 . 9 Ainsworth X-21 97 . 2 BearOK-20... 99.3 Bear OK-24 87.7 BrunsP-37.. 101.0 Crow 402 . Crow 407 . Crow 608 . 81.0 99.1 86.1 DeKalb 628A 88.8 DeKalb 817A 86.2 DeKalb 825 84.4 DeKalb 837 86.2 DeKalb 847 101.1 Doubet 25. Doubet 42 . Doubet 43 . 80.3 80.7 FunkG-95 101.4 Funk G-95A... 110.2 Griffith 129. 99.6 24.0 22.4 22.8 23.3 22.6 23.5 22.4 20.3 23.4 23.1 23.9 22.2 24.1 24.3 22.9 21.9 22.8 22.8 23.3 22.4 23.4 92 92 94 92 91 96 98 94 92 95 97 94 95 96 95 94 94 93 92 93 87 90 91 93 90 79 88 83 87 90 89 89 92 83 88 92 87 85 89 Medium High M-high M-high Medium Medium Medium Low Low M-low M-high Medium M-low M-high M-high Low Medium Medium M-high Medium High a See Table 3 for variety reaction to corn borer. >' Average of U.S. 13 (Morton) 1952, U.S. 13 (Stone) 1953, U.S. 13 (Graham) 1954. "Average of Illinois 1570 (Station) 1952, 1953, Illinois 1570 (Graham) 1954. (Table is concluded on next page) 1955} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 19 Table 7. WEST NORTH-CENTRAL ILLINOIS: Galesburg concluded Entry Total acre yield Moisture in grain at harvest Erect plants Stand Height of ear 1954 RESULTS concluded bu. perct. perct. perct. Holmes 21 A 106.3 21.8 93 93 Medium Holmes 39 114.8 24.4 93 90 High Holmes 46 102.4 23.3 94 88 Medium Huey 23 99.0 23.3 94 92 M-high Huey 42 92.3 21.0 93 90 Medium Huey 235 95.0 21.8 91 92 M-high Hulting 102 97.9 24. 1 96 92 M-low Hulting241 85.8 21.8 94 89 Low Illinois 21 (Dittmer)... 95.2 24.8 95 90 High Illinois 1091 (Mountjoy) 84.0 21 .9 95 78 Low Illinois 1337 (Dittmer) 93.6 24.0 92 84 Medium Illinois 1570 (Graham) 89.6 20.9 96 90 M-high Illinois 1814 (Station) 99.8 23.0 98 93 M-low Illinois 1831 (Station) 105.7 23.7 96 94 Medium Illinois 1873 (Station) 86. 1 22.8 98 91 Medium Lowe 514.. 92.9 22.4 94 90 M-high Lowe 523 93.8 22.3 92 86 M-high Lowe 530 103.0 24.1 94 86 High Moews 520 104.3 24.6 95 88 High Moews 523 91.6 22.9 96 82 M-high Moews 524 100.0 22.3 95 92 M-high Moews 550 88.6 24.2 96 84 High Morton 12 A 76.9 24.7 95 83 Medium Morton 70 95.3 20.8 94 87 M-low Morton 303 90.8 23.7 95 88 M-high Mountjoy 114 98.9 23.6 95 88 M-high Munson 5 104.9 22.1 94 92 Medium Munson 77 96.5 20.9 93 91 M-high Munson 119 90.1 21.0 90 87 M-low Null 68... 83.9 22.8 90 79 Medium Null 83 100.6 24.5 94 83 High P.A.G. 303... 90.0 22.0 96 91 M-low P.A.G. 347 94 . 1 22 . 1 93 91 M-low P.A.G. 383 101.6 22.2 96 91 M-low P.A.G. 392 91.3 20.8 92 91 M-high P.A.G. 403 100.0 23.7 96 91 M-high Pioneer 313B 116.7 24.5 86 90 High Pioneer 345 97.0 21.6 94 92 M-low Pioneer X0101 102.3 21.0 96 89 Medium Pioneer 6063 109 . 6 24 . 2 93 96 Medium Pioneer 9212 104 . 9 23 . 6 96 95 High Producers 13-1 97 . 7 24 . 8 93 90 M-high Producers 525 85.7 21 .4 92 87 Low Producers 900 93 . 3 24 . 2 91 92 Medium Producers 940 97.6 23.8 95 88 M-high Robe 20.. 97.1 24.0 94 97 High Schwenk 24 104.7 22.4 91 91 High Schwenk 27 95.4 24.2 96 89 M-high Schwenk 34 104 . 5 22 . 2 96 91 M-high Sieben 320 92 . 1 21.8 92 92 M-low Sieben 340 94.9 20.8 89 89 Medium Sieben 360 84.9 22.5 92 84 Medium Stewart 51 88.5 24.4 94 90 Medium Stewart 60 89.5 23.9 97 90 M-high Stiegelmeier 300 87 . 7 22 . 6 89 87 M-low Stiegelmeier 301 88.0 22.6 89 88 M-high Stiegelemier 379 90.0 22. 1 91 84 M-low Tiemann 61.. 85.3 20.6 95 91 Low Tiemann 78 112.3 22.3 92 94 Medium U.S. 13 (Graham) 106.6 23.6 89 86 High Average of all entries 95. 2 22.9 94 89 Difference necessary for significance.. . 11.4 .... 5 .. 20 BULLETIN No. 585 Table 8. CENTRAL ILLINOIS: Urbana [January, Entry Total Moisture in acre grain HT yield. harvest Stand Height of ear Dropped 1 ears SUMMARY 1952-1954: Less than 5.7 bushels difference between total yields of any two entries is not significant bu. perct. perct. perct. perct. FunkG-95 112.8 16.1 95 91 M-high Schwenk24 111.4 17.0 94 96 M-high Canterbury 400 111.3 16.3 97 94 M-high Holmes 39 110.7 18.3 94 94 Medium Morton 70 110.3 16.7 94 96 M-high Holmes 13.. 109.6 17.6 97 96 M-hih Pioneer 302 109.6 18.7 92 96 M-high U.S. 13b 109.3 16.3 93 95 High Ainsworth X-13-3 108.7 16.9 92 95 High P.A.G. 173 108.3 16.7 95 93 High Ainsworth X-14-3... 108.0 16.1 93 95 M-high Munson 119 107.8 17.0 95 95 M-high Tiemann72 107.7 16.0 96 94 M-high Frey 645 107.7 16.3 93 95 M-high FunkG-91 107.7 17.6 96 91 M-high Munson 13 107.6 16.4 94 91 M-high Canterbury 420 107.6 17.2 96 ' 94 M-high Pioneer 6063 106.9 17.7 95- 94 M-low Pioneer 313B 106.3 16.7 92 96 Medium Illinois 1570= 105.6 16.4 92 95 M-high Doubet43.. 105.3 17.4 98 93 Medium Trisler32B 104.4 17.8 97 90 Medium Crow 608 104.1 16.0 96 92 Medium A.E.S. 805< 103.7 17.6 97 96 M-low Whisnand 804 103 . 6 18. 1 96 94 High Illinois 21*. . 103.4 15.9 97 93 Medium Illinois 1246 (Mount joy) 103.1 15.9 95 96 M-low Lowe 523 102 .8 16.0 94 95 Medium Whisnand 810 102.8 17.5 95 92 M-high Canterbury 404 101.3 15.6 96 92 Medium Frey 692... 100.8 16.5 96 93 Medium DeKalb847 100.5 16.0 97 95 M-high Trisler32 99.9 16.8 97 89 M-low DeKalb 628A 99 . 5 16.3 95 93 Medium Doubet 41 98.8 16.7 95 87 M-high DeKalb 875... 98.2 17.7 95 91 Medium P.A.G. 392 97.5 16.0 97 89 Medium Keystone 48 97.0 16.2 93 92 M-low Lowe 520 95.5 16.8 97 92 Medium Average of all entries 105.0 16.8 95 93 a Ear dropping resulting from attack by European corn borer. b Average of U.S. 13 (Morton) 1952, U.S. 13 (Stone) 1953, 1954. c Average of Illinois 1570 (Stone) 1952, 1953, and Illinois 1570 (Mountjoy) 1954. <> Average of A.E.S. 805 (Station) 1952, A.E.S. 805 (Stone) 1953, 1954. Average of Illinois 21 (Stone) 1952, Illinois 21 (Mountjoy) 1953, 1954. (Table is continued on next page) 1955} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 21 Table 8. CENTRAL ILLINOIS: Urbana continued Entry Total acre yield Moisturein t Stand Height of ear Dropped" 1954 RESULTS bu. perct. perct. perct. perct. A.E.S. 702 (Graham) 97.9 19.5 95 92 M-low 3.8 A.E.S. 805 (Stone) 101.3 19.6 96 94 M-low 5.9 Ainsworth X-13-3 111.2 18.3 92 96 High 3.1 Ainsworth X-14-3 107.5 18.8 94 96 M-high 2.6 Appl 130 112.2 18.6 98 92 M-high 2.2 Appl 159 116.6 19.8 94 94 High 3.2 BearOK-25 86.0 20.7 94 90 Medium .6 BearOK-60 102.4 20.9 93 96 M-high 1.0 BearOK-69 111.2 19.3 93 87 High 1.1 BearOK-72 103.4 19.6 94 97 Medium .5 Canterbury 400 110.1 18.8 97 96 Medium 3.6 Canterbury 404 100.8 18.2 96 93 Medium 4.3 Canterbury 420 110.7 19.8 98 94 Medium 2.7 Crow 608 101.1 18.7 94 95 M-low 3.2 Crow 638 101.2 18.8 96 92 M-low 4.9 Crow 825 112.0 19.0 96 91 Medium .5 DeKalb 628A . . . 101.5 18.2 95 96 Medium 2.6 DeKalb 817A 101.9 18.2 96 96 Medium 1.0 DeKalb 837 94.0 19.6 97 88 Medium 1.1 DeKalb 847 101.5 18.4 97 96 M-high .5 DeKalb 875 96.3 19.5 96 86 Medium 5.2 Doubet41 103.6 19.2 97 94 Medium 1.6 Doubet43 96.6 19.8 97 88 Medium 12.6 Frey645... 103.5 19.5 97 96 M-high 4.7 Frey692 109.2 19.3 95 96 M-high 2.1 Frey892 97.4 19.8 97 93 High FunkG-91 107.4 20.9 97 94 M-high 4.8 FunkG-95 115.3 19.2 95 95 M-high 3.2 FunkG-95A 106.1 19.8 95 94 Medium 2.7 Holmes 13.. 111.3 20.0 96 97 High 8.2 Holmes 39 115.4 20.6 93 96 Medium 1.0 Illinois 21 (Mountjoy) ... 101.7 18.2 96 94 Medium 6.4 Illinois 1246 (Mountjoy) 101.4 18.8 95 95 Low 4.7 Illinois 1570 (Mountjoy) 104.1 18.8 94 94 M-high 5.3 Illinois 1767 (Station) 92.0 20.0 95 96 High 3.1 Illinois 1813 (Station) 88.2 19.4 97 95 Medium 2.1 Illinois 6021 (Station) 105.4 20.4 92 95 High 3.7 Illinois 6075 (Station) 88.7 19.6 93 94 M-low 2.7 Keystone 38A .. 101.9 19.8 94 91 Medium 2.2 Keystone 48 89.8 18.2 91 93 Medium Lowe 520.., 92.5 18.9 97 93 M-low 9.2 Lowe 523 101.3 18.6 95 94 Medium 7.0 Lowe 530 102.5 20.4 94 94 M-high 4.8 a Ear dropping resulting from attack by European corn borer. (Table is concluded on next page) 22 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Table 8. CENTRAL ILLINOIS: Urbana concluded Entry Total acre yield Moisture in grain at harvest Erect plants Stand Height of ear Dropped 8 ears 1954 RESULTS concluded bu. perct. pcrct. perct. perct. Moews 520 106.1 18.2 97 94 Medium 6.4 Moews 523 97.0 19.4 94 92 M-low 9.3 Moews 524 89.2 19.2 95 92 Medium 7.7 Morton 12A 81.1 19.5 97 94 M-high 3.2 Morton 70 112.0 18.2 95 97 M-high 5.7 Munson 13 111.1 19.2 96 97 M-high 6.2 Munson 119 107.5 19.5 96 97 Medium 3.6 Ohio C-92 (Nickel) 110.3 18.9 96 95 Medium 3.2 P.A.G. 173... 110.5 19.7 96 96 High 6.3 P.A.G. 351 97.2 18.9 95 95 Low 3.2 P.A.G. 383 103.9 18.9 95 95 Low 2.6 P.A.G. 392 94.9 18.9 97 94 M-low 2.7 P.A.G. 403 101.9 20.6 96 94 M-low 3.2 Pioneer 302 109.7 20.4 95 95 M-high 5.3 Pioneer 313B 106.9 18.2 91 96 M-low .5 Pioneer 6063 100.7 19.8 95 92 Low 3.3 Pioneer 6727 109.0 19.5 87 95 Medium .5 Pioneer 9212 107.9 19.8 98 94 Medium 2.1 Producers 13-1 111.2 19.5 96 95 M-high 5.3 Producers 730 99.0 19.2 95 91 M-high 1.1 Producers 900 93.9 18.5 95 93 M-low 6.5 Producers 940 106.1 18.7 96 94 M-low 2.1 Producers 946 88.2 19.2 97 96 M-high 5.2 Schwenk24.. 111.1 19.1 94 95 Medium 5.8 Schwenk 27 105 . 1 19.5 97 95 M-high 1 . 6 Southern States Pocahontas 91.7 19.9 96 81 M-low .6 Stiegelmeier 301 98.8 19.6 94 91 Medium 2.2 Stiegelmeier 400 88.7 18.6 91 90 Low 2.8 Super-Crost 660 88.1 19.0 96 94 M-low 6.9 Tiemann72.. 111.2 18.4 94 97 M-high 5.2 Tiemann 78 102.5 18.9 97 94 M-low 4.8 Trisler 32 106.7 19.2 96 95 M-low 1.6 Trisler32B 100.8 19.6 96 87 Medium 1.7 Trisler 33A 108.6 19.4 95 94 Medium 5.9 U.S. 13 (Stone) 109.0 19.3 94 94 High 5.9 Whisnand 419. . . 94.7 19.4 95 95 M-low 1.1 Whisnand 804 107.7 19.6 96 94 High 3.2 Whisnand 810 98.4 20.1 96 89 Medium 5.1 Average of all entries 102.4 19.3 95 94 3.6 Difference necessary for significance 8.2 .... 4 .. 4.2 Ear dropping resulting from attack by European corn borer. 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 23 Table 9. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: Brownstown Entry Total acre yield Moisture in grain at harvest Stand Height of ear Leaf burning b SUMMARY 1952-1954: Less than 3.7 bushels difference between total yields of any two entries is not significant bu. perct. perct. perct. Trisler33A 61.4 14.1 92 90 Medium Ainsworth X-14-3 60. 1 14.0 95 91 Medium Bruns P-38 58.7 13.6 94 92 Medium Illinois 1570" 58.4 14.4 91 90 Medium U.S. 13d 58.1 14.0 93 93 M-high Bear OK-72B 58.1 14.1 93 97 M-low Ainsworth X-13-3.. . .58.0 14.0 95 94 M-high P.A.G. 403 57.7 14.0 93 94 M-low Munson 119 57.6 14.3 94 92 Medium Canterbury 420 56.9 13.1 91 94 M-low Moews CB 60A 56 . 6 15.1 90 90 Medium Bear OK-50A... .56.4 14.9 96 93 M-low FunkG-91 55.9 15.2 96 89 Medium Haudrich 13 55.7 14.2 94 96 Medium Canterbury 126 55.6 13.0 93 92 Medium Munson 15 55.6 14.0 95 94 Medium Pioneer 6727 55.4 14.0 93 96 M-high Pioneer 302 54.7 15.0 91 94 Medium Doubet 43 54 . 6 14.6 93 88 M-low Tiemann 72 54.2 13.8 96 95 M-low P.A.G. 383 54. 1 13.8 91 90 M-low Crow 805 53 . 8 13.5 93 90 Medium Illinois 1656 (Mountjoy) 53.5 13.7 94 91 Medium Haudrich 126 53.4 14.3 89 91 M-low Canterbury 400 53.3 15.6 94 95 Medium Whisnand 810 52.6 14.2 94 90 Medium A.E.S. 805.. . 52.5 15.5 91 90 Medium Whisnand 851 52.3 16.2 94 91 Medium P.A.G. 631(W) 50.9 17.1 85 93 M-high Haudrich 784 50.8 18.2 93 91 High Lowe 523 50.3 15. 1 95 90 M-low Moews CB 70A. .. ... 50.2 13.3 94 90 M-low Doubet 41 49 . 7 14 . 5 94 89 Medium P.A.G. 620(W) 49.4 17.7 90 90 M-high FunkG-134 48.7 18.2 95 90 M-high Average of all entries 54.7 14.7 93 93 perct. 1954 RESULTS A.E.S. 805 (Graham) 31.6 14.5 83 85 Medium 3.5 Ainsworth X-13-3 40.7 14.0 93 89 M-high 2.0 Ainsworth X-14-3 41.1 15.6 93 87 M-low 2.2 Appl 159 38.4 16.2 81 93 M-low 3.6 BearOK-50A... . 37.5 15.0 93 93 M-low 2.6 Bear OK-60 40.8 16.8 84 93 Medium 2.8 Bear OK-72B 40.8 15.1 87 98 M-low 4.8 Bruns P-38 42.5 14.0 90 86 M-high 2.0 Canterbury 126... . 39.7 14.1 91 87 Medium 4.0 Canterbury 400 39.9 13.3 90 91 Medium 3.4 Canterbury 420 42.1 14.0 84 90 Low 2.0 Crow 805 40.8 14.9 88 84 M-low 3.2 Crow 825 38.1 13.7 93 87 M-high 1.5 a Two-year average, 1953, 1954. b Leaf burning notes taken July 30 just prior to tasseling and following temperatures of 116 degrees and hot winds. Scale: 1 no leaf burning; 2 2.9 burned leaves present in 10-35 percent of hills; 3 3.9 burned leaves present in 35-50 percent of hills; 4 4.9 burned leaves present in 60-85 percent of hills. Average of Illinois 1570 (Mountjoy) 1952, Illinois 1570 (Bruns) 1953, 1954. Average of U.S. 13 (Morton) 1952, U.S. 13 (Bruns) 1953, U.S. 13 (Graham) 1954. (Table is continued on next page) 24 BULLETIN No. 585 [Januwy, Table 9. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: Brownstown continued Entry Total acre yield Moisture in grain at harvest Erect plants" Stand Height of ear Leaf burning b 1954 RESULTS continued bu. perct. perct. perct. perct. DeKalb817A 37.0 13.8 85 89 M-low 4.1 DeKalb837 38.2 16.3 89 85 Medium 2.8 DeKalb 847 32.7 14.9 89 94 Medium 4.1 DeKalb875 35.8 13.7 87 86 Medium 3.8 DeKalb 910(W) 30.8 14.9 72 91 Medium 3.6 DeKalb 925 (W) 29.6 16.4 84 92 Medium 3.4 Doubet41 34.4 14.0 91 91 M-low 3.4 Doubet42 32.6 14.6 91 83 M-low 3.2 Doubet43 36.5 14.7 88 80 Medium 3.3 EmbrolOl 37.1 17.8 79 85 High 1.8 FunkG-91.. . 39.6 14.7 92 83 Medium 2.7 FunkG-134 33.5 17.6 91 80 Medium 4.0 Haudrich 10(W) . . . 23.5 14.9 93 78 Medium 2.2 Haudrich 13 42.1 15.7 89 95 Medium 2.9 Haudrich 21 37.6 14.2 84 93 M-low 3.7 Haudrich 126 36.3 14.4 81 85 Medium 3.6 Haudrich784 40.8 17.3 90 86 High 1.9 Huey23 36.5 15.5 86 80 High 2.8 Huey 50 39.5 15.8 93 . 91 Medium 2.5 Huey 106 41.5 14.6 92 87 M-low 1.7 Illinois 1511 (Appl). . . 36.3 14.7 92 91 M-high 3.3 Illinois 1570 (Bruns) 45.0 15.1 87 83 Medium 2.1 Illinois 1656 (Mountjoy) 38.9 15.2 89 87 Medium 2.1 Illinois 1850 (Station) 38.6 17.2 98 85 High 2.6 Illinois 1852 (Station) 42.9 17.7 93 93 High 1.9 Keystone 38A. . .35.0 15.0 90 87 M-high 3.5 Keystone 107 (W) 26.1 17.9 86 86 High 2.6 Lowe 523.. . 35.3 13.5 93 87 M-low 3.8 Lowe 530 40.8 15.3 82 84 Medium 2.2 Lowe 833 36.7 15.4 90 85 Medium 3.5 Moews523... . 41.1 14.7 92 82 M-low 2.4 Moews535 35.0 15.0 87 86 Medium 3.9 MoewsCB60A 38.2 15.8 81 87 Medium 3.6 Moews CB 70A 31.3 13.8 89 81 Low 4.0 Morton 12A 32.1 14.2 92 79 Medium 3.1 Morton 303 36.9 14.7 81 89 M-low 2.9 Munson 15 39.8 13.7 91 92 Low 4.0 Munson 119 41.3 14.5 88 88 Medium 2.6 P.A.G. 173... . 38.6 13.7 91 88 M-high 3.4 P.A.G. 383 37.3 14.9 86 81 M-low 3.3 P.A.G. 403 40.7 15.8 87 91 Low 2.9 P.A.G. 486 29.3 22.0 76 92 High 2.1 P.A.G. 620(W) 31.2 17.1 81 87 M-high 2.0 P.A.G. 631 (W) 32.0 14.2 76 87 M-high 2.6 Pioneer 300 37.6 14.0 89 91 M-low 3.6 Pioneer 302 39.2 15.1 85 91 Medium 2.6 Pioneer 313B 44.3 14.4 90 93 Low 4.4 Pioneer 332 40.5 17.0 84 93 Medium 2.5 Pioneer 6727 37.8 14.2 89 91 M-low 4.9 Pioneer 9212 35.6 15.0 95 86 Medium 4.2 Producers 13-1 40.8 16.0 91 93 Medium 2.2 Producers 946 36.3 14.0 93 87 Medium 4.1 Producers 1018 40.9 14.6 93 88 M-high 2.3 Producers 1022 38.4 16.2 85 96 Medium 3.6 Producers 1050. . ... 35.1 13.7 89 87 Medium 3.5 Two-year average, 1953, 1954. b Leaf burning notes taken July 30 just prior to tasseling and following temperatures of 116 degrees and hot winds. Scale: 1 no leaf burning; 2 2.9 burned leaves present in 10-35 percent of hills; 3 3.9 burned leaves present in 35-50 percent of hills; 4 4.9 burned leaves present in 60-85 percent of hills. (Table is concluded on next page) ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 25 Table 9. SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: Brownstown concluded Entry Total acre yield Moisture in Erect grain at plants' harvest Stand Height of ear Leaf burning b 1954 RESULTS concluded Southern States Mohawk .... bu. . . . . 32 9 perct. 14.2 14.6 16.2 14.9 14.6 13.9 16.4 15.5 15.3 13.6 15.0 16.2 17.8 15.2 perct. 86 73 88 89 93 93 91 86 92 83 91 90 89 88 10 perct. 76 91 80 86 93 91 83 83 71 87 83 85 87 87 Low Medium Medium Medium Medium M-low Medium M-high Medium M-high Medium Medium Medium perct. 3.0 1.5 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.6 2.3 2.2 2.7 2.2 3.7 3.4 1.7 3.0 .9 Southern States Potomac .... 34.9 Stiegelmeier 600 28.1 Supcr-Crost 880 . . . . 31.5 Tiemann 72 36.0 Tiemann 78 40.6 Trisler 32B 39.9 Trisler 33 A 41.9 Trisler 33B 36.0 U.S. 13 (Graham) 40.5 Whisnand 810 . 38.1 Whisnand 830 42.1 Whisnand 851 37.5 Average of all entries 37 2 Difference necessary for significance 4.8 Two-year average, 1953, 1954. b Leaf burning notes taken July 30 just prior to tasseling and following temperatures of 116 degrees and hot winds. Scale: 1 no leaf burning; 2 2.9 burned leaves present in 10-35 percent of hills; 3 3.9 burned leaves present in 35-50 percent of hills; 4 4.9 burned leaves present in 60-85 percent of hills. Table 10. EXTREME SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: Ridgway 1952, 1953, Eldorado 1954 Entry Total Moisture average in * n yield harvest Height of ear Rootworm injury, plants elbowed" SUMMARY 1952-1954: Less than 4.8 bushels difference between total yields of any two entries is not significant bu. perct. perct. perct. perct. Pioneer 6727. . ... 79.3 16.8 94 92 Medium Funk G-711 . .. 73.5 19.3 95 89 High Pioneer 302 . .. 72.9 17.7 97 90 M-high .... Ainsworth X-14A . .. 71.0 15.8 96 86 Medium .... Moews CB 69A ... 70.8 16.6 96 88 M-high .... Tiemann 78 . .. 70.7 14.5 97 90 M-low .... Moews CB 60A . .. 68.7 15.4 97 86 Medium P.A.G. 486 ... 67.8 20.7 92 88 High Crow 805 ... 67.6 14.3 98 84 M-low .... P.A.G. 484 ... 67.3 19.1 97 91 High P.A.G. 620(W) ... 67.0 16.9 97 84 High Moews CB90A . 66.3 16.3 97 86 Medium .... Haudrich 13 ... 65.9 14.9 98 91 Medium .... Haudrich 126 ... 64.2 15.0 97 82 Medium .... Whisnand 851 ... 63.6 16.9 98 87 Medium Whisnand 917(W) . .. 62.7 16.1 97 85 High Haudrich 10(W) . .. 62.5 15.3 97 87 High Whisnand 834 . .. 61.4 16.5 97 83 Medium .... Doubet 41 . .. 59.7 14.2 98 84 Medium Keystone 107 (W) ... 55.1 18.9 98 81 High Doubet 43 . .. 53.1 14.8 97 82 Medium .... Super-Crost 880 . .. 49.6 14.7 98 83 Low .... Average of all entries . .. 65.4 16.4 97 86 in June. Elbowing at lower nodes following attack by corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) and windstorms (Table is concluded on next page) 26 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, Table 10. EXTREME SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: Ridgway 1952, 1953, Eldorado 1954 concluded rp . , Moisture Roqtworm -if in r n plant st - d K? te harvest elbowed" 1954 RESULTS bu, perct. perct. perct. perct. A.E.S. 805 (Graham) 67.2 15.9 98 93 M-low 26.2 Ainsworth X-14A 74.3 17.4 96 91 Medium 17.7 BearOK-69A 77.3 15.8 91 92 M-low 62.0 Bear OK-72 76.3 16.0 94 95 M-low 50.9 Crow 805 77.4 15.6 98 92 M-low 21.8 Crow 825 76.1 16.5 96 94 Medium 14.1 DeKalb837... . 68.9 16.0 96 91 Low 45.7 DeKalb 847 71.9 15.3 99 95 Medium 10.5 DeKalb 875 75.2 16.8 98 94 Medium 5.3 DeKalb 898... 74.2 16.0 97 94 M-high 15.9 DeKalb 910(W) 57.5 17.4 96 91 M-high 33.5 DeKalb 925(W) 75.6 20.6 97 97 M-high 34.9 Doubet41 76.0 15.7 97 91 M-low 37.2 Doubet42 64.8 17.8 98 92 M-low 13.3 Doubet43 59.1 17.3 98 90 M-low 24.1 Embro 155(W) . . . 58.8 16.4 96 92 M-high 20.0 Funk G-80 82.0 17.7 97 97 M-high 15.5 Funk G-91 74.0 17.7 98 . 93 M-low 18.6 FunkG-704 71.0 18.6 99 83 M-high 21.5 FunkG-711 68.8 20.7 96 94 High 19.5 Haudrich 10(W) . . . 56.9 16.5 97 92 M-high 25.9 Haudrich 13 80.6 17.8 97 94 Medium 21.2 Haudrich 21 73.6 16.2 99 94 M-low 22.4 Haudrich 126 77.7 17.2 96 92 Medium 15.7 Haudrich 200 71.5 17.7 98 92 M-high 13.3 Haudrich 784 70.8 17.9 98 89 High 16.3 Illinois 1850 (Station) .. . 62.7 18.1 99 89 High 12.5 Illinois 1852 (Station) 75.0 17.8 98 96 High 11.6 Keystone 107(W) 46.5 19.7 97 83 M-high 34.2 Keystone 222 76.2 20.7 94 92 High 18.8 MoewsCB60A 79.1 16.6 98 89 Medium 40.0 Moews CB 69A 80.3 18.0 96 94 M-high 16.6 Moews CB 90A 73.3 17.0 95 92 Medium 12.7 P.A.G. 403... . 77.6 15.9 98 95 Low 19.3 P.A.G. 484 68.4 18.9 96 94 High 8.8 P.A.G. 486 69.5 19.6 89 94 High 11.2 P.A.G. 620(W) 64.8 16.8 98 90 M-high 35.2 P.A.G. 631 (W). . .81.9 17.5 95 91 Medium 39.0 P.A.G. 636(W) 58.2 18.1 94 95 M-high 13.5 Pioneer 302 80. 1 18.5 96 96 M-high 25.4 Pioneer 313B 86.4 16.6 90 97 M-low 11.5 Pioneer 505 (W) 50.3 17.2 99 86 High 33.5 Pioneer 510(W) 45.7 15.5 97 91 M-high 43.3 Pioneer 6727 86.2 16.1 93 96 M-low 9.3 Pioneer 9212 82.3 16.8 98 96 Medium 6.4 Producers 13-1 74.5 16.0 98 90 Medium 13.6 Producers 1018 76.9 16.1 98 97 Medium 16.7 Producers 1022 76.4 17.2 97 97 Medium 14.3 Producers 1050 68.2 14.7 98 93 Medium 14.3 Southern States Potomac 75.6 17.6 95 94 High 20.1 Stiegelmeier 600 63.9 16.6 95 88 Low 34.6 Stull 100 . 66.6 15.6 94 81 Medium 42.1 Stull400(\V) 61.9 17.2 99 92 M-high 24.7 Super-Crost 880 61 .5 17.3 97 90 Low 37.0 Tiemann72.. .80.0 17.3 98 92 M-low 20.0 Tiemann 78 79.9 15.3 99 92 M-low 7.2 U.S. 13 (Graham) 79.4 16.6 98 91 M-high 14.1 Whisnand 834 65.5 17.4 96 86 Medium 32.9 Whisnand 851 80.3 18.1 96 93 Medium 10.8 Whisnand 917(W) 57.3 17.0 96 94 M-high 27.1 Average of all entries 71.2 17.2 97 92 22.4 Difference necessary for significance 5.0 .... 2.5 .. 11.5 a Elbowing at lower nodes following attack by corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) and wind- storms in June. 1955} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 27 SUMMARY In 1954, 256 hybrids were grown on five test fields in Illinois. Growing conditions were excellent at all locations except Browns- town and Eldorado. These two tests suffered a water deficiency in late summer. 1954 yields. The DeKalb field in northern Illinois had the highest yield, 107.7 bushels an acre. Average yields per acre on the other test fields were: Urbana 105.0, Galesburg 95.2, Eldo- rado 71.2, Brownstown 37.2. The average yield of all hybrids tested was 83.5 bushels. This was 5 percent below the 1953 average. The three fields in central and northern Illinois, which were located on the same farms as in 1953, showed slight yield increases. Three-year summaries, 1952-1954. The highest-yielding hy- brids in the three-year summaries were the following: Northern Illinois Pioneer 347, Illinois 1091 A (Dittmer), Pioneer 325, P.A.G. 277. Holmes 11A, Illinois 1277. West North-Central Pioneer 313B, Holmes 39, Munson 5, Schwenk 24, Schwenk 34, Ainsworth X-21. Central Funk G-95, Schwenk 24, Canterbury 400, Holmes 39, Morton 70, Holmes 13. Southern Trisler 33A, Ainsworth X-14-3, Bruns P-38, Illi- nois 1570, U.S. 13, Bear OK-72B, Ainsworth X-13-3. Extreme Southern Pioneer 6727, Funk G-711, Pioneer 302, Ainsworth X-14A, Moews CB 69A, Tiemann 78. Lodging. Very little lodging occurred in any test in 1954. However, a few varieties were significantly different from others in this respect. Moisture. The average moisture percent in the grain for all hybrids averaged 19.1 percent. At three locations the average moisture was below 20 percent. Stand. The average stand obtained for all varieties was 90 percent. Insect damage. Corn borer infestation was severe at Gales- burg and moderate at Urbana. The number of stalks broken and ears dropped because of borer attack was recorded at Galesburg 28 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, and dropped-ear counts were made at Urbana. Significant differ- ences were obtained between hybrids. At Eldorado the hybrids exhibited differential elbowing or bending at the lower nodes. This was due to root damage by corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.) and a windstorm in early July. A state summary of the 1954 insect situation and a preview for 1954 are again included. Disease damage. No diseases occurred in the commercial tests severe enough to warrant the recording of data. Corn inbreds again showed great differences in resistance to Stewart's disease in a test at Urbana. Further evidence of a cor- relation between resistance to Stewart's leaf blight and northern leaf blight was obtained. Data on disease prevalence and estimates of losses for the state are again included. Seed treatment test. For the most part, treatments made 1 month or 13 months before planting gave about the same results in stands and yields. The average increase in yield from all treatments was 5.1 bushels or 8.7 percent. INDEX TO ENTRIES When the table number for an entry is repeated in the index, the entry appears in both the summary portion and the 1954 portion of the table. (The reaction of certain inbred lines of corn to Stewart's leaf blight is shown in Table 4, page 9.) Hybrid Table A.E.S. 702 (Mountjoy) 3, 7 A.E.S. 702 (Graham) 8 A.E.S. 805 (Stone) 8, 8 A.E.S. 805 (Graham) 9, 9, 10 Ainsworth X-12 6, 6 Ainsworth X-13-3 3, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9 Ainsworth X-14A 10, 10 Ainsworth X-14-3 3, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9 Ainsworth X-21 3, 7, 7 Appl 130 8 Appl 159 8,9 B Bear OK-20 3, 7 Bear OK-24 3, 7, 7 Bear OK-25 8 Bear OK-28 6 Bear OK-50A 3, 7, 7 Bear OK-60 ...8,9 Hybrid Table BearOK-69 ...8 Bear OK-69A 10 Bear OK-72B 8, 9, 9, 10 Bear OK-414 6 Bruns P-37 3, 7, 7 Bruns P-38 9, 9 Canterbury 126 9, 9 Canterbury 400 8, 8, 9, 9 Canterbury 404 8, 8 Canterbury 420 8, 8, 9, 9 Crow 260 6, 6 Crow 402 3, 6, 7 Crow 407 3, 7, 7 Crow 432 6, 6 Crow 487 6 Crow 608 3, 7, 7, 8, 8 638 Crow 805 9, 9, 10, Crow 825 8, 9, 1956} ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 29 Hybrid Table DeKalb 248 6 DeKalb 406 6, 6 DeKalb 407 6 DeKalb 455 6 DeKalb 628A 3, 7, 8, 8 DeKalb 817A 3, 7, 8, 9 DeKalb 825 3, 7 DeKalb 837 3, 7, 8. 9, 10 DeKalb 847 3, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10 DeKalb 875 8, 8, 9, 10 DeKalb 898 10 DeKalb 910(W) 9, 10 DeKalb 925(W) 9, 10 Doubet 25 3, 6, 7, 7 Doubet 41 8, 8, 9, 10, 10 Doubet 42 3, 7, 9, 9, 10 Doubet 43 3, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10 Doubet 45... 6 Embro 101 9 Embro 155(W) 10 Frey 410 6 Frey425 6, 6 Frey 645 8, 8 Frey 692 8,8 Frey 892 8 Funk G-16A 6, 6 Funk G-77A 6, 6 Funk G-80 10 Funk G-91 8, 8, 9, 9, 10 Funk G-95 3, 7, 7. 8, 8 Funk G-95A 3, 7, 8 Funk G-134 9, 9 Funk G-704 10 Funk G-711 10, 10 Griffith 129 3, 7 H Haudrich 10(W) . . .9, 10, Haudrich 13 9, 9, 10, Haudrich 21 9, Haudrich 126 9, 9, 10, Haudrioh 200 Haudrich 784 9, 9, Holmes 11A 6, Holmes 13 . . .8, Holmes 17 6, Holmes 21A Holmes 39 3, 7, 7, 8 Holmes 46 3 Huebsch 16 Huebsch 24 6 Huebsch 81 6, Huey 23 3, 7, 7 Huey42 3,7 Huey 50 Huey 106 Huey 235 3, 7, Hulting 102 3, Hulting 238 Hulting 240 Hulting 241 3, 6, I Hybrid Table Illinois 21 (Dittmer) 3, 7, 7 Illinois 21 (Mountjoy) 8, 8 Illinois 101 (Huebsch) 6, 6 Illinois 1091 (Mountjoy) 3, 7 Illinois 1091 A (Dittmer) 6, 6 Illinois 1246 (Mountjoy) 8, 8 Illinois 1277 (Nichols) 6, 6 Illinois 1337 (Dittmer) 3, 7 Illinois 1511 (Appl) . . .9 Illinois 1559B (Nichols) 6 Illinois 1570 (Bruns) 9, 9 Illinois 1570 (Graham) 3, 7 Illinois 1570 (Mountjoy) 8, 8 Illinois 1575 (Station) 6 Illinois 1656 (Mountjoy) 9, 9 Illinois 1767 (Station) 8 Illinois 1800 (Station) 6, 6 Illinois 1813 (Station) 8 Illinois 1814 (Station) 3, 7 Illinois 1831 (Station) 3, 7 Illinois 1850 (Station) 9, 10 Illinois 1852 (Station) 9, 10 Illinois 1863 (Station) 6 Illinois 1873 (Station) 3, 7 Illinois 1902 (Station) 6 Illinois 6021 (Station) 8 Illinois 6075 (Station) 8 K Keystone 38A 8, 9 Keystone 44 6, 6 Keystone 48 8, 8 Keystone 107 (W) 9, 10, 10 Keystone 222 10 Lowe 315 6 Lowe 355 6 Lowe 414R 6 Lowe 424 6 Lowe 514 3, 7, 7 Lowe 520 8, 8 Lowe 523 3, 7. 8, 8, 9, 9 Lowe 530 3, 7, 8, 9 Lowe 833... ...9 M Moews 14 6 Moews 14E 6 Moews 14EE 6 Moews 15 6 Moews 80 6, 6 Moews 85 6 Moews 86 . . .6 Moews 520 3,7, Moews 523 3, 7, 8, 9 Moews 524 3, 7, 8 Moews 535 9 Moews 550 3,7 Moews CB 60A 9, 9, 10. 10 Moews CB 69A 10, 10 Moews CB 70A 9, 9 Moews CB 90A 10, 10 Morton 12A 3, 7, 8, 9 Morton 70 3, 7, 7, 8, 8 Morton 303 3,7,9 Mountjoy 114 3, 7 Munson 5 3, 6, 7, 7 Munson 13 8, 8 Munson 15 9, 9 Munson 77 3, 6, 7 Munson 119 3, 7, 8, 8, 9. 9 30 BULLETIN No. 585 [January, N Hybrid Table Nichols SB 6, 6 Nichols 75A 6 Null 68 3, 7 Null 83 3, 7 Ohio C-92 (Nickel) . P.A.G. 173 8, 8, P.A.G. 234 P.A.G. 244 P.A.G. 253 P.A.G. 277 6 P.A.G. 303 3, 6, 7 P.A.G. 347 3 P.A.G. 351 P.A.G. 383 3, 7, 8, 9 P.A.G. 392 3, 7, 7, 8 P.A.G. 403 3, 7, 8, 9, 9, P.A.G. 484 10, P.A.G. 486 9, 10, P.A.G. 620(W) 9, 9, 10, P.A.G. 631(W) 9, 9, P.A.G. 636(W) P.A.G. 7220 Pioneer 300 Pioneer 302 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, Pioneer 313B 3, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, Pioneer 325 6 Pioneer 332 Pioneer 337 6 Pioneer 345 3 Pioneer 347 6 Pioneer 354 Pioneer 505(W) Pioneer 510(W) Pioneer 6063 3, 7, 8, Pioneer 6727 8, 9, 9, 10, Pioneer 9212 3, 7, 8, 9, Pioneer X0101 3 Producers 13-1 3, 7, 8, 9, Producers 311 Producers 314 Producers 315 Producers 320 Producers 326 Producers 510 Producers 525 3 Producers 730 Producers 900 3,7, Producers 940 3, 7, Producers 946 8, Producers 1018 9, Producers 1022 9, Producers 1050 9, Hybrid Robe 20. Table ...3,7 Schwenk 17 Schwenk 24 3, 7, 7, 8 Schwenk 27 3, 7, Schwenk 34 3, 7 Sieben 320 3 Sieben 340 3, 6, 6, 7 Sieben 360 3 Sieben 440E 6 Sieben 450 6 Sieben 560 6 Southern States Mohawk Southern States Pocahontas 3,6 Southern States Potomac 9, Stewart 51 3,7 Stewart 56 Stewart 60 3 Stiegelme e 300 ... ... 3 Stiegelme e Stiegelme e 301. 379. .3, 7 .3, 6 Stiegelme e 400 Stiegelme e 600 Stull 100 Stull 400(W) Super-Crost 440 Super-Crost 660 Super-Crost 880 9, 10, 10 Tiemann 61 3, 6, 6, 7, 7 Tiemann 72 8, 8, 9, 10 Tiemann 78 3, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10 Trisler 32 8, 8 Trisler 32B 8, 9 Trisler 33A 8, 9, 9 Trisler 33B 9 w Whisnand 419 8 Whisnand 804 8, 8 Whisnand 810 8, 8, 9, 9 Whisnand 830 9 Whisnand 834 10, 10 Whisnand 851 9, 9, 10, 10 Whisnand 917(W) 10, 10 U.S. 13 (Graham) 3, 7, 7, 9, 10 U.S. 13 (Stone) 8 CONTRIBUTORS OF SEED A.E.S. Hybrids A.E.S. 702 (Graham Seed Co., Springfield; Mountjoy Seed Co., Atlanta) A.E.S. 805 (Graham; E.G. Stone, Pleasant Plains) Ainsworth Hybrids Ainsworth Seed Co Mason City Appl Hybrids Appl's Hybrid Seed Co St. Joseph Bear Hybrids Bear Hybrid Corn Co Decatur, Box 628 Bruns Hybrids Bruns Seed Co Camp Point Canterbury Hybrids C. E. Canterbury Seed Co Cantrall Crow Hybrids Crow's Hybrid Corn Co Milford 1955] ILLINOIS CORN TESTS: 1954 31 DeKalb Hybrids DeKalb Agricultural Assn DeKalb Doubet Hybrids E. W. Doubet Hanna City Embro Hybrids Ed. F. Mangelsdorf & Bro., Inc 1020 S. 4th St., St. Louis, Mo. Frey Hybrids Frey Hybrid Corn Co Oilman Funk Hybrids Funk Brothers Seed Co Bloomington Griffith Hybrids Griffith Seed Co Bloomington Haudrich Hybrids Haudrich Hybrid Corn Co Belleville Holmes Hybrids Holmes Hybrids Edelstein Huebsch Hybrids L. A. Huebsch & Son Mundelein Huey Hybrids Huey Seed Co Carthage Hulting Hybrids G. E. Hulting & Son Geneseo Illinois Hybrids 111. 21 (Dittmer Seeds, Carthage; Mountjoy) 111. 101 (L. A. Huebsch & Son) 111. 1091 (Mountjoy) 111. 1091A (Dittmer) 111. 1246 (Mountjoy) 111. 1277 (Nichols) 111. 1337 (Dittmer) 111. 1511 (Appl) 111. 1559B (Nichols) 111. 1570 (Bruns; Graham; Mountjoy) 111. 1575 (111. Agr. Exp. Sta.) 111. 1656 (Mountjoy) 111. 1767, 1800, 1813, 1814, 1831, 1850, 1852, 1863, 1873, 1902, 6021, 6075 (111. Agr. Exp. Sta.) Keystone Hybrids Corneli Seed Co 101 Chouteau Ave. , St. Louis, Mo. Lowe Hybrids Lowe Seed Co Aroma Park Moews Corn Belt Hybrids. .Moews Corn Belt Co., Inc Boswell, Ind. Moews Hybrids Moews Seed Co Granville Morton Hybrids Roy A. Morton & Sons Bowen Mountjoy Hybrids Mountjoy Hybrid Seed Co Atlanta Munson Hybrids Carl Munson Galesburg Nichols Hybrids Nichols Bros Hebron Null Hybrids Null Seed Farms Colchester Ohio C-92 Nickel Seed Co Concord P.A.G. Hybrids Pfister Assoc. Growers, Inc Aurora Pioneer Hybrids Pioneer Hi-Bred Corn Co. of 111. . . . Princeton Producers Hybrids Producers Seed Co Piper City Robe Hybrids Robe Hybrid Corn Co Smithshire Schwenk Hybrids W. T. Schwenk & Sons Edwards Sieben Hybrids Sieben Hybrids Geneseo Southern States Hybrids . . . Cooperative Seed & Farm Supply Co Muncie Stewart Hybrids Frank S. Stewart Prince ville Stiegelmeier Hybrids H. L. Stiegelmeier Normal Stull Hybrids Stull Corn Co Sebree, Ky. Super-Crost Hybrids E. J. Funk & Sons Kentland, Ind. Tiemann Hybrids Tiemann Seed Co Bloomington Trisler Hybrids J. L. Trisler Fairmount U. S. Hybrids U. S. 13 (Graham; R. G. Stone) Whisnand Hybrids Myron Whisnand Arcola 12M 1-55 56 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA