\ STATE PLANT BOARD October 19^3 E_6°7 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ADk'INIS TRATI 3 1 " BUREAU 0.F ENTOMOLOGY AID PLANT yJARAKTINE PROPRIETARY SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENTS Ojj' POSSIBLE USE .IN INSECTICIDE PREPARATIONS By H. L. Oupples, Division of Insecticide Investigations There are now available a large nvur.be r of synthetic detergents, and wetting, dispersing, foaming, and emulsifying agents which have been used or may possibly "be of use in the preparation of insecticides. These newer synthetics, in general, overcome the principal disadvantages of the fatty acid soaps, viz, precipitation by hard water and acids and alkaline reaction due to hydrolysis. Although some of these materials are available under their chemical names, many of them are protected by patents and are sold only under proprietor-- names. The present list of such proprietary materials is a revision of Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine publication E-50U. It has been compiled solely from information supplied by the respective manu- facturers and dealers. The Department of Agriculture assumes no respon- sibility for the correctness of statements included herein, and it does not recommend any of the products mentioned. The aim has ~beea to re- strict the list to proprietary materials that are composed chiefly of the newer organic synthetics, and to exclude (l) alkali-fatty acid soaps and rosin soaps, (2) washing compounds, (3) inorganic compounds, (U) sulfonated and sulfated vegetable oils and fatty acids except wher modified in chemical composition, (5) bentonite and clays, (6) naturally occurring materials, (7) "assistant" or "associate" emulsifiers unless independently effective as emulsifiers, (8) materials intended tc be used in the absence of. water as surface-active agents for lubricants, (9) materials of undisclosed composition, and (10) chemical compounds, and particular grades thereof, sold by chemical name. Many materials listed in E-50I+ have been omitted as falling within one or another of these classes, and others because war exigencies and regul; tions have made them unavailable. Except where otherwise indicated, S. T. is the surface tension at 25°'C, in dynes per centimeter, and I.T. ir> the inter Lon ijol at 25° C., In dynes per centimeter. ACTIVOL (Burkart-Schier Chemical Co. [l] Properties: Ay ] e as a brown I or amber liqui • Uses: Textile Lnd Composition: Alky] r to. Class: Wetting agent. STATE PLANT BOARD - 2 - AEROSOL AS (American O'yanamid and Chemical Corp.) [2] Properties: Brown liquid. Concentrations up to 10 percent in water give clear solutions; higher concentrations form opaque solutions or gels. Separates in strong acid solutions; stable in slightly acid, neutral and slightly alkaline solutions. pH of 1.0-percent aqueous solution 7»0-7«5« Composition: Solution of diisopropyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate in water and a neutral solvent. Class; Wetting agent. AEROSOL AY (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [3] Properties: White, waxy lumps. Solubility in water at room temperature, Uo • gm. per 100 cc. (pH 6.5-7«0); readily soluble in polar organic solvents, less soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. Resistant to precipitation by hard waters. Moderately stable in acid solutions and mild alkalies; decomposed by strong bases. At 20° C, S. T. for 1.0-percent solution 31.5, for QUO- percent solution 38.8. Composition: Diamyl sodium sulfo succinate, 99 percent (a mixture . of the 2-methylbutyl and 3-methylbutyl esters) . Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. AEROSOL IB (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [*+] 'Properties^- White, powderlike material, easily grindable. Solubility in water at 25° C, 76 gm» Por 100 cc; somewhat soluble in polar organic solvents, practically insoluble in nonpolar organic solvents. S. T. for 1.0-percent aqueous solution (pH 6.5) ^+9.1, for 0.1-percent aqueous solution 67»5-» A 1,0-percent aqueous solution has no measurable wetting power by the Braves test, but in saturated sodium chloride solution it is about 28 percent as effective as Aerosol OT. Composition: Dibutyl sodium sulfo succinate Class: Wetting agent, AEROSOL MA (American Gyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [5] Properties; White, waxlike lumps. Somewhat hygroscopic. Solubility in water -at 250 C., 3^.3 gm. per 100 cc; soluble in polar and. nonpolar organic solvents • (more soluble in polar) and in electrolytes. Moderately stable in acid solutions and mild alkalios; decomposed by strong bases. S. T. for 1.0-per- cont aqueous solution (pH 6.5) 27. 8, for 0.1-percent aqueous solution 1+5. S. Lraves test (3O0 C.) for 0.3-percent solution 10 seconds, for 0.125-percent solution Sk seconds. Composition: Dihcxyl sodium sulfosuccinato. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. - 3 - A3R0S0L OS (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [6] Properties: Yellow-brown powder. Somewhat hygroscopic. Solubility in water at room temperature, 3^»0 gn.- Pcr 100 cc. (pH 6.5-7'P)'; readily soluble in polar organic solvents of low molecular weight, less soluble in those of higher molecular weight, only slightly soluble in non- polar orgpnic solvents. Stable in strong acids :and strong alkalies. At 20° C, S. T. for liO-pcrccnt solution 3^.3, for O.lO-^percent solution 37»5« Uses: Adjuvant to alkaline detergents. Composition: Sodium salt of an allzylnaphthalencsulfonic acid, containing approximately 5 percent of sodium sulfate. Same as Vatsol OS. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. A3R0S0L OT 10C*J* I"* (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [7] Properties: Waxlike material in pellet form. Hygroscopic. Somewhat plastic. Solubility in water at 25° C, 1.5 gm. per 100 cc . ; transparent gels are formed at higher concentrations; solubl-: in most organic solvents. Moderately stable in acid and mild alkaline solutions; decomposed ~o-j strong bases. S. T. for 1.0-percent aqueous solution (pH 6.5) 26.0, for,- 0.10^-percent aquoous solution 22.7. Braves tost (3O0 C.) for 0.03-perccnt solution 13 seconds, for 0.01-perccnfc solution 77 seconds. Composition: Dioctyl sodium sulfo succinate. Same as Vatsol OT. Class; Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent, A3R0S0L OT A)UZ0US (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [8] Properties: Cloudy, slightly gelatinous dispersion. Solubility in water at room temperature (lO-pcrcent dispersion) , 15 gm. per 100 cc. (pH 6. 5-7.0) . Resistant to precipitation by hard waters. Moderately stable in acid solutions and mild alkalies; decomposed by strong bases. At 20° C., S. T. for a 1-rO-pcrcent solution 26.7, for 0. 20-percent solution 3^-5« ; Composition: Aqueous dispersion of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinr to. The standard product contains 10 percent' of Aerosol OT 100^'; *• a 25-percent dispersion may be obtained. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. - k - AEROSOL OT-C (American Gyanamld and Chemical Corp.) [9] Properties: White, free- flowing powder'. Solubility in' water at room temperature, 11.0 gm. p^r 100 cc. (pH S.5-7.0) . Resistant to precipitation by hard waters. Moderately stable in acid so- lutions and in mild alkalies; ■• decomposed by strong bases. Composition: Dioctyl sodium sulfo succinate, 10 percent; inert organic diluent (Cerelose) : ^0 percent." Same as Vatsol OT-C. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent, AEROSOL OT CLEAR (American Cyanarnid and' Chemical Corp.) [10] Properties: Colorless liquid, iiiscible with water in all con- centrations (pH 6.5-7.0) . Resistant to precipitation by hard waters. Moderately stable in acid solutions and mild alkalies; decomposed by strong bases. Composition: .Dioctyl sodium sulfasuccinato plus water_and a mutual solvent. Obtainable in 70-, 25-, and 10-percent concentrations. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. AHCO PENETRANT L (Arnold, Hoffman and Co., Inc.) [ll] Uses: Textile industry. Composition: ' Alkylarylsulfonatc. Class: Wetting; agent;,- detergent. AHCOWST SM. '(Arnold, Hoffman and Co., Inc.)' [l2] Properties: Light-colored granular material. Effective in neutral, acid, and alkaline solutions, and in hard water. Uses'- Textile industry. Composition: Alkylaryl sulfonate. Class* Wetting agent, detergent. ALBATSX 3D (Ciba Co., Inc.) / [13] Properties:' Light-tan powder. Uses: Kier-boiling' assistant in textile industry. Composition:. Sodium m-nitrobenzenesulfonate. Class: Wetting agent. ALFRAI'JNE DCA (Michel Export Co., Inc.) [l1!] Properties: Yellowish- white, fine powder. Uses: Textile and laundry industries. Composition: Alkylamino alcohol sulfate. Class: Detergent. -.5 - ALKAMINE W (Amalgamated Chemical Corp.) [153 Properties! Light-brown, viscous paste. Uses: Textile industr-. Composition: Sulfonated. fatty alkanolamine. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. ALKA1I0L B (B. I. iu.Por.t de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [l6] Properties: Light- tan powder. Composition: Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate. Class: Wetting agent. ALKAIIOL S (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [17] Properties: White pcv;der. Composition: Sodium tetrahydronaphthalene sulfonate. Class: Dispersing agent. ALKANOL SA (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [IS] Properties: Tan powder. Composition: Sodium alkylnophthalen.S9ulfonate. Class: Wetting agent. ALKAPOL WXH (E. I. du Pont de Hemours and Co., Inc.) [19] Properties: Light-yellow liquid. Composition: Scdium hydrocarbon sulfonate-.' Class: Wetting agent. AMI1T0STEARIN (Glyco Products Co., Inc.) [20] Properties: Light-colored, waxy solid. Dispersible in water. Soluble in hot alcohol and in most oils and solvents. Melting point 56° C. Sp. gr. 0.975. P** °f 5_Porcent dispersion in water 9.7. Composition: Modified amine ester of stearic acid. Class: Emulsifier. ARCTIC SYNTEX A (Colgate-Palmclive-Peet Co.) [2l] Properties'. Light-tan powder . Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Sodium salt of sulfonated ethyl oleate Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. - b - ARCTIC SWT3X. H (Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co.) [22] Properties: White powder. Uses: Textile, laundry, paper, and dye stuff industries. Composition: RCOO •CH2CH(0H)CH2«®S03Na, where RCOO represents mixed coconut oil-fatty acid radical. Same as:7el. Class: Wetting agent, dispersing agent, emulsifier, detergent. ARCTIC SYHT3X M LIQUID ( Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co.) [23] Uses: Rug cleaning, shampoos, toilet articles. Composition: ■RC00«CH2CH(bH)CH2-«0S03KHk» where RCOO represents mixed coconut oil-fatty acid radical; Class: Wetting agent, detergent. ARCTIC SYHTBX T (Colgate-Palmoiive-Peet Co.) [2-+] Properties: White powder. Uses: Textile industry. Composition; Sodium salt of sulfonated ethyliaethyloleylamide. Classi Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent, '" ' AR3SKA? (Monsanto Chemical Co.) [25] Properties* Tan-colored, fine powder. -Soluble in water and in organic solvents such as acetone, alcohol, pine oil and oleic acid.- Somewhat hygroscopic. Unaffected by hardness of water up to bO grains of CaCO-z per U. S. gallon. Composition; Sodium mono sulfonate of butylphenylphenol « Class: Wetting agent. ARSSK3T (Monsanto Chemical Co.) [26] Properties: Tan-colored, fine powder. Soluble in water and alcohol, but not in acetone. 'Less hygroscopic than Jfcreskap. Hot precipi- tated in water of 25 grains of CaCO? hardness per U. S. gallon. Composition: Sodium 'mono sulfonate of monobutyldiphenyl. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier. AR3SKL3EE (Monsanto Chemical Co;) [27] Properties: Tan-colored, fine powder. Slightly aromatic odor. Soluble in water, alcohol, and acetone; insoluble in carbon tetrachloride and petroleum products. Hot precipitated in water of 25 grains of CaCO-z hardness per U. S. gallon. Composition: Sodium disulfonate of dibutylphenylphenol . Class" Wetting agent, emulsifier. - 7 - ARLACEL A (Atlas Powder Co.) [28] ' Properties: Light-amber, nonhy^rosecpic liquid, ;■ Oily taste; slight; p lees ant odor. Sets at -5° to 0° C. Refractive index 1.^75 at 25° &• Density 8.5 lb. per gallon. Tiscosity 300-500 cp. at 25° C. Acid number U-6. Soluble in most organic solvents; slightly soluble in ether, glycols, and certain vegetable and animal oils; insoluble in glycerol, water, and sorbitol. Stable in dilute mineral acids and dilute alkalies at room temperature. Saponified by concentrated alkalies, and slowly hydrolyzed by mineral acids at 95° C. Darkens when heated to 100° C. Produces water-in-oil emulsions that are stable to salts, acids, freezing, and elevated temper- atures (100°' P.) . ' Composition: Mannide monooleate. Class: Emulsifier. ARLACEL B (Atlas Powder Co.) C29] Properties: Light-amber, oily liquid. Sets at ll°-lU° C. Refractive index -l.UoO at 25° C. Ac id number U-6. Viscosity 2,500-3,500 CP. at 25° C. Insoluble in water, soluble in oils. Produces water-in-oil emulsions. Composition: Hannitan monooleate. J" 'Class: Emulsifier. ARLACEL C (Atlas Powder Co.) [30] Properties: Light-amber, nonhygrosocopic, oily liquid. Slight, pleasant odor. Viscosity 800- ". 1*200 cp. at 250 C. Acid number loss than 7- Soluble in most organic solvents; slightly water- dispersible. Produces water-in-oil emulsions that :re stable at freezing and elevated temperatures. Composition: Sorbitan monooleate. Class: ' Emulsifier. AR0MI1H PM (Burkart-Schier Chemical Co.) . [31] Properties: Transparent, amber liquid. Composition: Alkylaryl sulfonate plus l6 percent of solvent and 6 percent of inorganic salts. Class: Wetting agent, detergent ARYLEilE (Hart Products Corp.) [32] Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Sulfonated iaopropylnaphthalene* Class: Wetting agent. - 8 - ATLAS G-- 6 50 (Atlas Powder Co.) C33D Properties: Viscous, oily, nonhygroscopic liquid. Odor and taste similar to castor oil. Freezing point about -15° C. Refractive index I.U801 at 250 C. Density 8 lb. per gallon. Viscosity 1,700-2,100 cp. at '250 C. Acid number less than 15. Soluble in coal-tar hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, ether alcohols, chlorinated solvents, alcohols, esters, vegetable and animal oils, and amines; moderately soluble in hydrocarbons, forming turbid solutions; insoluble in water and polyhydric alcohols. Discolors in air above 100° C.; clouds in diluted or concentrated alkali solutions. Most effective as an emul- sifier in pH range k-8 . For 1.0-percent solution, S.T. 35 > I.T. 1.6. _ ;. Composition: Sorbitan triricinoleate, technical. Class: Emulsifier. ATLAS &-90U (Atlas Powder Co.) [3*0 Properties: Tiscous liquid. Slight fatty odor and characteristic lauric ester'taste. Setting point 15o-20° C. Refractive index 1.1+75 at 25°'C. Density about 8.5 lb. per gallon. Viscosity 2,000-U,000 cp. at 250 C. Acid number less than 6. Soluble in coal-tar hydrocarbons, mineral oil, ether alcohols,- chlor- inated solvents, ketones, and alcohols; insoluble in dilute ; acid and salt solutions; dispersible in water. Stable in solutions of pH range 0.5-12.0 at ordinary temperatures. Uses: Emulsification of oils and fats. Composition: Mannitan monolaurate, technical. Class: Emulsifier. ATLAS 'G-908 (Atlas Powder Co.) [35] Properties: Synthetic wax. Nonhygroscopic. Mild fatty odor; practically tasteless. Setting point U5°-55° C. Acid number less than 6. Density 8.2 lb, per gallon. Soluble in the lower alcohols and alcohol ethers; sparingly soluble in warm esters, hydrocarbons, and chlorinated solvents; insoluble in water and polyhydric alcohols. Self-emulsifiable in hot water. At ordinary temperattares not appreciably attacked by aqueous solutions of pH range 0.5-12.0. S.T. for I ..25 -per- cent solution 26.9. ,. ; Uses: Emuisification of vegetable oils and waxes. Composition: Mannitan mono st err <-. te, technical. Class: Emulsifier. ATLAS G-95U (Atlas Powder Co.) [36] Properties: Viscous liquid. Slight fatty odor; "bitter taste. Setting point 10°-15° C. Refractive index 1.485 at 25 ° C. Density about 8.5 lb. per gallon. Acid number lass than G- V-iscosity 2,500-4,500 cp. at 250 C. Soluble in hydrocarbons, ketones, other alcohols, chlorinated solvents, and alcohols; slightly soluble in vegetable and animal oils, ethers, methyl alcohol, esters, and amines; insoluble in water and polyhydric alcohols. Stable in pK range 0.5-12.0 at 250 C. Saponified "by strong alkalies; hydrolyzed by acids at 100° C. Uses: Emulsificr for vegetable oils. Composition: Mannitan monoolcati-, technical. Class: Emulsificr. ATLAS G-2000 (Atlas Powder Q0.) [37] Properties: Light-yellow, semisolid,, .nonvolatile, ..nonhygroscopic* Dispersiblc in warm water and in warm oils or waxes. . Setting point 33°-3b° C. Acid number 2-3. Density 8.5 lb* . per gallon. Stable to acidic electrolytes. Produces oil-in- wat er omul si ons -. Composition: Mixed polyether mannitan monopalmitatc. Cla:;s: Emulsificr. ATLAS G-2S00 (Atlas Powder Co.) . [38] Properties: Amber liquid.. Pai'nt oily odor; slightly bitter taste. Acid number less than 7- Refractive index 1.471 at 25° C. Darkens in air at 1500 C. Givos clear solutions in vegetable oils. Self- disporsible in water; Por 1.0-ocrcent concentration -in water, S. T 32, I. T. 0.5. Composition: Polyalcohol ether oleate. Class: Emulsificr, 33TAS0L OT-A (American Cyanamid r.nd Chemical Corp.) [39] Uses: Leather industry. . • Composition: Sulfonated ester of a dicarboxylic acid. Class: Wetting agent, C:,TI0I"IC AGETT C (Victor Chemical Works) ,'. [Uo] Properties2 Fatlike, tan paste, which softons and melts to ambor-colorod oil upon warming. Soluble in mineral ~nd ycgetablc oils, hydrocarbons, and most common organic solvents. Disperses in warm water to give white, gellike solutions. At 5-?orcont con- centration the solution is thick and gclrtinous. Aqueous solutions are neutral in reaction end discharge upon cotton, silk, rayon and wool. Uses: Textile and dyeing industries, ore flotation. Composition: Laurylamino salt of laurylamidoethylphosphoric acid. Class: Cationic surface-active agent, wetting agont, omulsif ier. — - 10 - CATI0"IC AGENT D (Victor Chemical Works) '' [>l] ' Properties: Tan paste similar to Cationic Agent C, except that it is less active as a cationic surface-active agent and more active as an emulsifying agent. Uses: Textile industry, dyeing, ore 'flotation." Composition: Stcarylaminc salt of stoarylrmidoethylphosphoric acid. Class: Cationic surf ac e-active agent, netting agent, emulsificr. CATILON D (Hart Products Corp.) ' • [H2] Uses: Cationic softener in finishing textiles. Composition: Formate of condensation product of stearic acid and hydroxy ethyl ethyl ene&iamine, mixed with a fatty acid amide. Class* Cationic surface-active agent. , CLSARATE (W. A. Cleary Corp.) [£$] Prqperties: Light-amber to reddish-brown, soft, plastic mass. Soluble in vegetable and mineral oils and in most organic solvents, insoluble in acetone. A surface-tension depressant, viscosity depressant, and antioxidant for fats and oils. Composition; Phosphatide obtained from soybeans.; contains approximately 65 percent of acetone-insoluble lecithin and cephalin phosphatides. Class: Emulsificr. COLLORESINS DKN (General Dyestuff Corp.) [W] Properties: White, fibrous powder. Composition: Water-soluble cellulose ether.' Class1 Emulsifier. COMIiTOL (Commonwealth Color and Chemical Co.) [U5] , Properties: Light-colored, fine powder. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Salt of a .sulfonated higher fatty amide. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. CO'SMSTOL N [Emul sol Corp.) ... . [>6] Properties: Water-white, clear, viscous liquid. Paint, pleasant odor. S. T. for 1.0-pcrcent solution (pH 5,^5) 36. Uses: Soapless shampoos, brushless shaving creams, bubble baths. Composition: Alkanolamine salt of a sulfoacotamidc derivative. Class: Wetting agent, foaming agent, detergent. -.11 - DARYAN NO. 1 (R. T. Vandcrbilt Cc.) * [>7] ' Properties: Tan powder. Soluble in water* Negligible reduction- of surface tension of water. ■ . Uses: Dispersion of pigments, curing agents, antioxidants, and accelerators in the compounding of natural and synthetic rubber laticcs, and for the dispersion of pigments in paper and leather industries. Composition: Polymerized sodium salts of alkylaryjsulfonic acids. Class: Dispersing agent. DARVAN NO. 2 (R. T. Vandcrbilt Co.) . [U8] Properties: Dark-brown powder. Soluble in water, Slight . reduction in surface tension of water. Uses: Composition, and class: Same as given for Darvan. No, 1. DAXAD NO. 11 (Dewey and Alray .Chemical Co.) ■ ' [U9] Properties: Tan powder. Soluble in water. Maximum concentration recommended at fC^ P., J>&-kO percent. pH of 1-percent solution 7.0-9.5. Reduction of surface tension negligible, and no tendency to foam. StabLc in the presence of mild alkalies and acids. Large quantities of casein may cause gelling. 'Effective only when ex- t crnal phase i s wat er . Uses: Dispersing pigments, especially carbon black; manufacture of synthetic rubber, viscose rayon, and dye stuffs. Composition! Sodium salt of polymerized alky laryl sulfonic acids. Class: Dispersing agent. DAXAD NO. 21 (Dewey and Almy Chemical Cc.) [50] Properties: Dark-brown powder. Completely soluble in water to form a clear solution. Maximum concentration recommended at 70° F., 25 percent. pH of 1-percent solution 7. 0-8. 5. Slight reduction of surface tension with mild tend end 7/ to foam. Very little wetting capacity. May be used as an emulsifying agent only when colloid mill or homogenizcr is used.. Stable in the oresence of mild alkalies and acids. Not suitable in eresence of soaps of calcium salts. Uses. Oypsum, plas-ter, and, mining industries. Composition: Monocalcium-salt of polymerized arylakyl sulfonic acids. Class. Dispersing agent, cmulsifier. DAXAD No, 23 (Dewey and Almy Chemical Co.) [51] Propcrti s- Same as given for Daxad No. 21, omitting statement of. suitabil- ity in of aps or calcium salts. Uses, Lie, r flot tion, and dyestuff industries. Composition: Mono so salt of polymerized arylalkyl sulfonic acid:-. CIpss: Dispersing at, emulsifier. - 12 - DAXAD NO. 27 (Dewey and Almy Chemical Co.) [52] Properties: Light-gray powder. Partially soluble' in. water . ■; "; ;■ « ' to 'form; a highly colloidal-*; .turbid, suspension. ; Maximum . concentration recommended at J0° F^ 20. percent. pH ;of 1-percent solution .J *5~%> 3 ¥~ V-ery slight reduction of surface ^ '; tension with- -little tendency .^'0 foam. Yery little wetting ' capacity, hut may' be* used as" ;an;. emulsifying agent. Stable in the presence of mild alkalies; unstable in the presence * of acids. •"'•'. Uses: Dispersion of very finely divided sulfur and. other fungicides and insecticides in water. j ..Composition: Mixture of a monosodium salt of polymerized aryl- .,,. alkyl sulfonic acids and an inorganic suspending agent. .. -Class V- Dispersing agent, emulsifier. ,.-,.. • DEC3BES,0L *0T; (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.)' _. '[5.3] ! ' Uses: Textile industry. ; ■ ."-,...., Composition: Dioct^l sodium sulfo succinate. Class:: Wetting agent. DETANOL '..(Commonwealth. Color and Chemical Co.) \* [5^]. ...Properties: Light-colored, granular solid. .-. Uses: Textile industry. ■Composition: Salt of a, sulfonated higher fatty amide. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. DILEX (Horn-Kemp Corp.) . ., .;' :. . [553 Uses: Dispersion of pigments, accelerators, and other insoluble... .. compounding ingredients in the latex industry. ■; Composition: Highly purified sulfolignin. "Glass: Dispersing agent. DREFT (Procter and Gamble Co.) . ,', "_ [56] Properties: - White powder. Soluble in water. No precipitation or separation in the hardest natural water at normal temperatures. Unaffected by many metallic salt solutions. Stable and effective in neutral, alkaline, and moderate strength acid solution. Neutral], and does not hydrolyze in' water* . , .Uses: Household detergent.- Composition: Sodium laury.l sulfate, technical. Class: Detergent. v' - 13 - DUPONOL 80 OS. I. du Pont de ^emour s and Co., Inc.) [57] Properties: Yellow, transparent, mobile liquid. Composition: Sodium octyl sulfate, technical. Class! Wetting agent. ■ DUPONOL D PASTS (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [58] Properties: Amber-colored paste. Composit on: Long-chain alcohol sulfates. Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. DUPONOL ES PASTS (S. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [59] Data same as give, for Duponol D Paste. DUPONOL L-1U2 (S. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [60] Properties: Light-cream-colored powder. Composition: Sodium cetyl sulfate, technical. Class: Emulsifier. DUPONOL L-lUU-WD (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [6l] Properties: Brownish-red, mobile liquid. Composition; Long-chain alcohol sulfate. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, DUPONOL LS [POWDER, PASTS] (S. I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Inc.) [62] Properties: Powder or paste. Composition: Sodium oleyl sulfate, technical. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. DUPONOL ME [DRY] (S. I. du Pont de Nemours and C0., Inc.) [63] Properties! White Powder. Composition: Sodium alk:rl sulfates, principally lauryl. Class: Wotting agent, emulsifier, detergent. DUPONOL OS (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [6U] Properties: Light-brown, mobile liquid. Composition: Long-chain alcohol sulfate, Class* Wetting agent, emulsifier. DUPONOL WA [POWDER, PASTS] (S. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [65] Properties: White powder, or paste. Composition and class : Same as given for DUPONOL KS'.* .■ - lk - W P01TT RSTARDER LA (S.' I. du P-mt de Nemours, and Co., Inc.) [66] Properties! G-r ay paste. Composition: Stearyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, technical. Same as Product %. Paste. Class: Cationic surface-active agent. DYNES OL D50 (Amalgamated Chemical 'Corp.) [67] Properties: Light-amber liquid. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Salt of a naphthalenesulfonic acid. Class: Wetting agent. EMCOL 12 (Emulsol Corp.). [68] Properties; Amber-colored, clear, viscous liquid. Slight caramellike odor. Disperses easily. pH of 1, 0-percent dispersion 7«05« Sp. gr. 1.01. Nonionic. Uses: Pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food emulsions. Composition: Fatty acid ester of a polyhydroxy alcohol, containing three free hydroxy groups. Free fatty acid, 'as oleic acid, M~5 percent. Contains no soap. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. EMCOL l*t'+ (Emulsol Corp.) [69] Properties: Amber-colored, clear, viscous liquid. Slight caramellike odor. Disperses readily. S. T. for 1.0-percent dispersion (pH 8.3) 32.7.^ Sp. gr. O.99. Uses: Pood, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical emulsions. Composition: Patty acid ester of a polyhydroxy alcohol, cpn- taining esters with more than three unesterified hydroxy groups. Class: Emulsifier. EMCOL IS (Emulsol Corp.) . [70] Properties: Crea.mT.colo red, waxlike solid. Slignt caramellike odor. Disperses easily. pH of 1.0-percent dispersion f.^-S.O. Uses: Pood, cosmetic,' and pharmaceutical emulsions. Composition: Palmitic and stearic esters ,of a polyhydroxy alcohol. Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 2-3 percent. Contains no soap. Class: Emulsifier. - 15 - EMCOL CA (Sraulscl Corp.) [71] Properties: Cream-colored,, -waxy, hard solid. Faint, pleasant odor. Disperses easily -in water and is self-emulsifying, S. T. for 1. 0-percent dispersion (pH 8.9)' ^3.9. Sp. gr. 1.02. Titer 57°-580 C, Produces pil-in-water type emulsions. Uses: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic emulsions. Composition: Glyccride of palmitic and stearic acids with free hydroxy groups. Free frtty acid, as oleic acid, 10 to 11 perce.it; iodine value of fatty acid constituent less -than 3* contains 10- 12 percent of potassium stearate as an integral component of rerction, Class: Emulsifier. EMCOL CD- (Emulsol Corp.) [72] • Properties: Cream-colored to almost white, waxy, soft solid. Practicrlly odorless. Disperses with ease in water and is s elf- omuls if. y .ng. S. T. for 1.0-percent dispersion (pH 5.9-9.0) kl. Sp. gr. 1.01. Titer 52°-53° C. Produces oil-in-water type emulsions. Uses: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic emulsions. Composition: C-ig and C-^g fatty acid esters of a polyglycol. Iodine value of fatty acid constituent less than 3; free fatty acid expressed as oleic a.cid, 10-11 percent; contains 10-12 percent of potassium stear to as a,n integral component of the reaction. Class: Smulsifier, EMCOL CS (Emulsol Corp.) [73] Properties: Almost white, wax;/, soft solid. Faint, pleasant odor. Disperses in water. S. T. for 1.0-percent dispersion (pH 8.5-9-0) U2.1. Sp. gr. 1.0U. Titer 51°-52# C. Produces oil-in-water type emulsions. Uses: Pharmaceutic?- 1 and cosmetic emulsions. Composition: Glycol ester of high-mol Ocular-weight fatty acids. Class: Smulsifier, EMCOL DS (Emulsol Corp.) [7U] Properties: White; practically odorless, waxy, soft solid. Disperses easily in water. pE of 1.0-percent dispersion 7.1. Sp. gr. O.99. Titer 43°-UUc C. Produces oil-in-wat r type emulsions. Composition: Polyglycol stor.ra.tc. Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 0.2-0.5 percent. Class: Emulsificr. -16- •EMCOL L (Emulsol Corp.) [75] Properties! Almost white to cream-colored, medium, hard, waxy solid. Slight stearinlike odor. pH of 1. 0-percent dispersion '6.3. Sp. gr. 1.02. Titer 53°-5IP C. Uses: Cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food emulsions. [.'■'■'■ Composition: C-^ fatty acid monoglyceride,' , Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 2-3 percent. Contains no .soap or aminos. Class: Emulsifier. EMCOL 0 (Bmulsol Corp.) [76] Properties: Amber to light-brown, clear, viscous linuid. Pleasant, carmelliko odor. pH of 1.0-percent dispersion 8.7. Uses; Food and cosmetic emulsions. Composition: Mono-and di-glycerides of Cxg liquid .fatty acids. Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 2-3 percent. Contains no 'soap. Class: Emulsifier. EMCOL PL (Emulsol Corp.) ' ' '; [77] Properties: Pale-yellow, clear, mobile, linuid. Faint o'dor, Disperses easily in cold water. S. T. for 1.0-percent dispersion (pH 5.9) 26.9. Sp, gr\. 0.9*+. Strong hydrophilic properties. Uses: Food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical emulsions. Composition: A polyhydroxy laurate. Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 0.1-0. 5 percent. Contains no soap,' Class* Wetting agent, emulsifier. EMCOL PO (Emulsol Corp.) [7S] Properties; Amber-colored, clear, mobile liquid. Slight odor. S. T. for 1.0-percent dispersion (pH 6.3) jk-3. SP- .gr. O.93. Uses: Food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical 'emulsions. Composition: Oleic acid ester of a pplyhydroxy alcphol ., Free fatty acid, as oleic acid, 7-8 percent. Contains no soap. Class: Emulsifier. EMCOL PS (Emulsol Corp.) [79] Properties? White, waxlike solid. Practically odorless, . Uses: Food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical emulsions. Composition: Stearic acid ester of a poly hydroxy alcohol. Class: Emulsifier. - 17 - EMULGO?. A (Glyeo Products Co., Inc.) [go] k Properties: Tan to brown, waxlike r.aterial. So. gr*. 1, GU- I'. 06 at 25^/25° C. Melting range UU<5«53«> C. "DisTffersible in hot water, giving milky emulsions. pH of 5-Percenjfc dispersion 2.6-2.8 at 25° C. Effective as an emulsifier in solutions con- taining aeids, salts, and other electrolytes. Composition: Condensed glycol ester of high-moleculkr-w'eight fatty aflids. Class: Emulsifier. SMULPHOR AG OIL SOLUBLE (General Dye stuff Corp.) [Si] Properties: Yellow, oily liquid. Miscible with most »ils. Stable in hard water. Neutral. T$ emulsify oils add the oil to the water. Composition: Condensation product of ethylene oxide and an organ ie a*»id, commercially pure. Class: Emulsifier. EMULPHOR ELA (General Dyestuff Corp.) [82] Properties^ Greenish-yellow, viscous, oily liquid. M.iseible with most oils. Neutral, and free from soaps. Stable to hard water. Emulsifies best in presence of olein. Composition: Csndensation product of ethylene oxide and a fatty acid. Class: Saulsifier. EMULPHOR ON (General Dyestuff Corp.) [83] Properties: Light-brown, transparent, waxlike solid. Melting point 110° F. Soluble in water and olein. Resists acids, alkalies, and electrolytes. Does -not saponify. Composition: Polyethyleneglycol condensate. Class: Emulsifier. EMULSIPIER V-76>U (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [<&] Properties: Dark-brown, slig. tl" viscous liquid. Effective as an emulsifier for oils and solvents. Composition: Sodium naphthenic sulfonate. Class: Emulsifier. GARDINOL LS (Procter and Gamble Co.) [85] Properties: White flake and paste forms. No precipitation or separation in the hardest natural water at normal temperatures. Unaffected by man;/ metallic salt solutions. Stable and effective in neutral, alkaline, and moderate strength acid solutions. Neutral and does not hydrolyze in water. Composition: Sodium salt of technical oleyl sulfate. Class: Wotting agent, emulsifier, detergent. - is - -• GARDINOL WA (Procter and Gamble Co.) m [s6] properties: Same as given for GARDINOL LS."' ' " «- , . -., .. Composition: ' Sodium' salt- of technioal lauryl sulfate. Cla.ss: Vetting 'agent , omul's i-fier,. detergent ._ GLYC0ST3RDT (Glyco Products Co ., Inc .) .... ' . ' [87] Properties: White, wax:,' material. Dispersible in- hot water. Soluble in hot alcohol, oils, waxes, and organic solvents. Melting point 53° 0» >..<•.-, Composition: Diglycol stearate, highly refined. Class: Emulsifier. •• "■ ■ .- GRASSELLI .;SPIL3ADER-STIC238. (3. I. du Pont de ITempurs and Co. v Inc.) ['88] Properties: Brown, transparent, sligntl}7 viscous liquid-. s Uses: Insecticidal sprays* • - .- *.'■'• Composition: Sodium oleyl sulfate and a synthetic resinous. sticker. Class: Wetting agent. HIGH FOAM (Emulsol Corp.) . , [S9l Properties: .White crystals.. Odorless, One percent in water gives a water-white solution at- 30° C. Draves test for'Q.l-r.per.cent solution 26' seconds «S. T. for 1. 0-percent .solution -(pH 5 .0—5 -.5) 3^ • 7 • '.Uses: Cosmetic and pharmaceutical, industries. Composition: Pure crystalline sulfacetamide derivative, ' , Class: Wetting agent, foaming agent, detergent. _ •. H0EM3M 1 (Horn-Kern Corp.) [90] Properties: ' .Solution,. -not ma scab ie with oil or organic solvents. Slightly acid reaction, but can. be modified "to neutral or alkaline. Stable and heat-resistant in acid, and alkaline solutions. Produces only a slight lowering .of ..surface, tension. Effective .as dispersing agent for hydrophobic particles in' aqueous 'medium. Composition: A solution of purified sulfolignin, . Class: Dispersing agent, \.i ■•••' •*"••■'.. . HORMEM 101 (Horrt-Kem*'Oorp.) ■ - -. [91] Properties: A dry powder. -. 2-Tot soluble in oil or organic solvents. Other properties same as given for HORMEM 1-. , . Composition: Purified sulfolignin. Class: Dispersing agent, HYTERGSN (Hart Products Corp.) . [92] Uses: -Textile industry. . .. Composition: Sulfated fatty acid amide. " Class: Detergent. . . - . ,;' ;.•;.-. - 19 - IGEPAL CA (General Lyestuff Corp.) . [93] Properties: Slightly viscous, yellow liquid. Stable in solutions of acids, alkalies, and metallic salts. Composition: Condensation product of ethylene oxide and an alkylated cresol. Class; Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. IGEPAL CA HIGH C01TCE!TTRATED (General lyestuff Corp.) [9U] Properties: Viscous, brown liquid. Stable in solutions of acids, alkalies, and metallic salts. Uses: Textile industry. Composition and class! Same as given for IGEPAL CA. IGEPAL CTA (General Dyestuff Corp.) [95] Properties: Clear, viscous, amber liquid, L7onelectrolyte. Stable to acids and alkalies. Composition: Same as given for IGEPAL CA. Class: Wetting agent, detergent* IGEPON A. .P. EXTRA (General Dyestuff Corp.) [96] Properties! Light-tan powder. Composition: Sodium salt of sulfonated ethyl oleate. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. IGEPON T [GEL-^ASTE-POWDTR] ( Genera1 Dyestuff Corp.) [97] Properties: Thin gel, yellowish paste, or yellowish powder. Soluble in water. Lathers strongly. Stable to alkalies, acids, hard water, and electrolytes. Composition: Sodium salt of sulfonated ethylmethyloleylamlde. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. ikMERSOL TX POWDER (Chemical Manufacturing' Co., Inc.) : [98] Properties: Slightly hygroscopic powder. Neutral, stable in moderate concentrations of alkali. Composition: An alkylnaphthalenesulfonate. Class1 Wetting agent, IN-181 (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [99] Properties: A white powder. Composition: Sodium alkyl sulfates, principally lauryl. Class! Wetting agent* - 20 - IN-181-P (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [lOO] Properties: White, fine powder. Composition and class*. Same as given for IN— 181, In-l+38 (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [lOl] Properties: Dark-brown liquid, slightly viscous. Composition: Sodium oleyl sulfate. Class: Wetting agent. IN-3622 (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [102] Composition: Hydrocarbon sodium sulfonate. Same as MP-I89. Uses: Wetting agent for insecticides. Class: Wetting agent. INTRACOL (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) [103] Properties: Tan paste. Readily soluble in water. Effective in solutions of Glauber's salt, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminum chloride, and aluminum acetate. Effective as an emulsifier for fatty acids. Composition: Long-chain fatty acid amide containing multiple amino groups. Class: Cationic surface-active agent; emulsifier. INTRAL 222 (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) . [lOU] Properties: Viscous, straw-colored liquid. Soluble in water, Nonionic and neutral. Suitable where electrolytes or organic salts are undesirable; active in highly alkaline solutions. Composition: Saturated long-chain fatty acid ester containing multiple ether linkages; very high molecular weight. Class: Wetting agent, dispersing agent, emulsifier. INTRAL 231 (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) [105] Properties: Viscous, amber liquid. Soluble in water. Nonionic and neutral. Active in highly alkaline solutions. Composition: Unsaturated long-chain fatty acid ester containing multiple ether linkages. Class: Wetting agent, dispersing agent, emulsifier. INTRAL 233 (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) ;_ . • [106] Data same as given for INTRAL 231. - 21 - • .. • INTRAMIK1 (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) [107] Properties: White to light-tan powder. Soluble in water. Composition: Stated "by manufacturer to "be the " sodium salt of sulfated lauryl and myristyl collamide." Class! Wetting agent, dispersing agert, emulsifier, detergent. OTADirB 3 (CibaCo., Inc.) [lOS] Properties* White powder. Stable in hypochlorite solutions. Composition: Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate derivative. .Class: V/etting agent. IF7ADI1T3 C (Ciba Co., Inc.) [lC~] Properties: Light-tan powder. Stable in acid solutions. Composition: Allcylnaphthalenesulfonic acid. Class: Wetting agent. OTADIME N (Ciba Co., Inc. [HO] Properties: Light-tan powder. Composition: Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate. - Class1 Wetting agent. JA1CS0L (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) [ill] Properties: Tan paste. Readily soluble in water. Effective under certain conditions as anionic or cationic surface-active agent. Stable in highly alkaline solutions, peroxide solutions, and hypochlorite solutions. Composition: Mixture of lauryl and myristyl esters containing bcth primary amino and sulfated groups. Clafcs: Wetting agent, dispersing agent (anionic and cationic). LEONIL SA (General Dyestuff Corp.) [112] Uses: Dye leveler in textile industry. Composition: Naphthalenesulfonic aci'd derivative, Class: Wetting agent. LIGHTl'irG PE1UTRAT0R X (Commonwealth Color and Chemical Co.) [ll?] Properties: ' Straw-colored, mcbilo liquid. Uses: ' Textile industry. Composition: Salt of a sulfated higher alcohol. Class* Wotting Agent. LIQUID ALKAiaN C 30 (Amalgamated Chemical Corp.) [llU] Properties: Light-brown, viscous liquid. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Condensation oroduct cf fatty acid and -alkanol amine . Class: Wetting agent. . .^^ _ LIBRARY - 22 - "LCROL" AMINE (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [115] Properties: Clear red to brownish-orange oily liquid. Slight ammoniacal odor. Insoluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents and in organic and inorganic acids. Perms water- soluble salts with hydrochloric and acetic acids; the sul- furic acid salt is water-insoluble. The amine is stable to heat and alkali. Average molecular weight 180.0. Boiling range 65°-l60° C . at 8 mm. Sp . gr. 0.81 at 15.6*/l5.6° C. Plash point, open cup, 205° P. Weight per gallon 6 . 75 H» at 60° P. Uses: In the form of its salts, as cationic agent for flotation separation of negatively charged minerals, such as silica, talc, and carbonates. Composition: R:NH2, where R is the alkyl group from "Lorol," a mixture <*f primary straight-chain alcohols containing about 18 percent of Cg alcohols, 10 percent of C-,q alcohols, 55 per- cent of C-^2 alcohols, and 1J percent of Cj\±- alcohols. Secondary amines are present to the extent of about 5 percent, along with traces of tertiary amines. - Class: Cationic surface-active agent. LUPOMIN (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [ll6] Properties: Light-colored powder. Effective as an emulsifier for oils, fats, waxes. ' Composition: Patty a.cid amide. Class: Emulsifier. M0DINAL D (Procter and Gamble Co.) : [117] Properties: Paste. No precipitation or separation in the hardest natural water at normal temperatures. Unaffected by many metallic salt solutions. Stable and effective in neutral, alkaline, and moderate-strength acid solutions. Composition: Sodium salt of technical lauryl and oleyl sulfates. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. MODIITAL ES (Procter and Gamble Co.) N [US] Data saxie as given for M0DINAL D. MONO STEARIN (Glyco Products Co., Inc.) [119] Properties* Cream-colored wax. Sp. gr . 0.97- Acid value less than 7. Free fatty acid less than k percent. Saponification value 177-183. Iodine value 3-U. Titer 55°-57° 0. Notdis- persible in water; mi3cible in all proportions in methanol, ethanol, toluene, naphtha,, mineral oil, and cottonseed oil. Soluble (witn- out residue) in certain proportions in, aofetonS; paftly solublS'With' residue). _a,n' certain .proportions in hot ethyl acetate. Produces water- C-,in^oil emulsions.-.- 1 ~.o wt .v. ;. -., Qompositioni. • \ Glyceryl monostearate. Class: Emulsifier. - 23 - MP-189 (E. I. du Peat de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [120] Properties: Wnite flakes. -Water- soluble, Stable in strong mineral acids and alkalies. Composition: Hydrocarbon sodium sulfonate. Same as Ir:-3°22. Class: letting agent, emulsifier, detergent. MP-189-S (E-,.1. du Pent de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [l2l] Properties: Aqueous amber-colored solution. Composition: Aqueous solution <~f hydrocarbon sodium sulfonate. Contains limited amounts of inorganic electrolytes. Class: Wotting agent, emulsifier, detergent* KULSOR (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) [l22] Properties: Pale amber-cclored liquid. Stable to heat and light; neutral 1 Soluble in all- proportions in petroleum oils. Uses: Preparation of "soluble-" oils. Composition: Long-chain fatty acid ester containing multiple eth r linkages. Glass! Emulsifier. NEKAL A (General Dy estuff Corp.) [123] Properties: Light-colored powder. C ompo sition: Sod iurr, alkylnaphthal one sul f 0 nat e . Class: Wetting agent, dispersing agent. NEKAL AEMA (General Dy estuff Corp.) [l2U] Properties: Light-tan powder. Soluble in water, Composition; Sodium alkylnaphthal enesulfonate plus a protective colloid, Class: Dispersing agent, emulsifier. NEKAL 3X (General Dyostuff Core.) [12?] Properties: Light-tan, fine powder. Uses: Dyeing assistant in textile industry, Composition: Sodium alkylnaphthal onesulf on. t . Class: Wotting agent. NEKAL BX SALT IBM (General Dy -stuff Corp.) : [126] Properties: Nearly white powder, Roadily solubl- in hot wat^r, slowly soluble in cold water. Neutral. Composition: Sodium alkylnaphthal cnesulfo nat 1, with a 1?'-' inorganic salt cc.t.nt. Class: Dispersing agent, emulsifier. - 24 - MO (Atlas Powder Co.) [127] Properties: Viscous, amber liquid. Setting point 15°-lb° C, Self-emulsifiable in water above 60° P. Soluble in most organic solvents. S. T. for 1.0-percent concentration in water 26, I. T. 2.8. Uses: Insecticide manufacture. Composition: Mann it an monolaurate, technical. Class: Wetting agent. ORANA? (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [l2S] Properties: Brown paste. Composition: Sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate. Class: Wetting- agent, detergent. OHATOL (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [129] Properties: Brown, viscous liquid. Composition: Sulfonated amide. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. ORTHOCSN (American Aniline and Extract Co., Inc.) [130] Uses: Wetting agent, mildew retardant, and dyeing assistant for textile industry. Composition: Sulfonated higher phenol. Class: Wetting agent. ORVUS WA (Procter and Gamble Co.) [131] Properties: White flake and paste forms. No precipitation or separation in the hardest natural water at normal temperatures. Unaffected by many metallic salt solutions. Stable and effective in neutral, alkaline, and moderate-strength acid solutions. Neutral, and does not hydrolyze in water. . Composition: Sodium salt of technical lauryl sulfate. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent . PENETRANT M-7X (Burkart-Schier Chemical Co.) [132] Properties: Transparent, amber liquid. Uses: Textile, metal-processing, and agricultural industries. Composition: Alkylaryl sulfonate plus 20 percent of solvents. Class: Wetting agent. PRODUCT Q, PASTS (S. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc.) [133] Properties: Gray paste. Composition: Stearyltrinethylammonium bromide, technical. Same as Du Pont Retarder LA. Class! Cationic surface-active agent. - 25 - PRODUCT Q3 (Sk I, duPont.de i'emours . and Co., Inc.) •[l31+] Properties: Paste. • Composition:Lauryltrimethylammonium "bromide technical. Class: Cationic surface-active agent. PROLAURIN (G-lyco Products Co., Inc.)' [135J Properties: Light-orange oil. Sp. gr. 0.95- .Acid value less than 9. Free fatty acid less than U percent. Saponification value 178- 188. Iodine value 6-8. pH (25°C.) of a 5-percent dispersion 8.7.: Titer 1^°-15° C. Dispersible in water; miscible in all proportions with methanol, ethanol, toluene, naphtha,7 mineral oil, and cotton- seed oil; soluble (without residue) in certain proportions in acetone and ethyl acetate. Composition: Propylene glycol monolaurate. Class: Emulsifier. PROLEIN (Glyco Products Co. , Inc.) ^ [136] Properties: Orange oil. Sp. gr. 0.95* Acid value less than "J, Free fatty acid less than h percent. Saponification value l*+2-lU8. Iodine value 82-97..pH (25° C.) of 5-percent dispersion 9 .5~9 . 7 . Titer -6°- 7° C. Dispersible in water; miscible in all proportions in ethanol, toluene, naphtha, mineral oil, and cottonseed oil; soluble (without residue) in certain proportions in methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetrte. Composition: Propylene glycol monooleate. Class: Emulsifier. PROSTEARDT (Glyco Products Co.,* Inc.) , . [137] Properties: Cream-colored wax. Sp . gr. 0.93- Acid value 50-60. Free fatty acid 25-3O percent. Saponification value ll+5-155 • Iodine value less than U'.5.pH (250 C.) of 3_Percent dispersion 7-0*-7-3« Titer UU°-U5° C. Dispersible in hot water; miscible in all .proportions in hot methanol, hot ethanol, hot toluene, hot naphtha, ana hot cotton- seed oil; soluble (without residue) in certain proportions ;in eth acetate; partly soluble (with residue), in certain proportions in mineral oil; insoluble in hot acetone* ■ ■ Composition: Propylene glycol mono at ear ate, Class • Emulsifier, RAMOL P. W. (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [l; Properties: Yellow-amber powder. Soluble in water. Uses: Dispersing pigments in aqueous solutions. Composition: Condensation product of a sulfon, ted naphthalene. Class: Dispersing agent. - do - SAI'TOL 1 (Charlotte Chemical Labs;, Inc.) [139] Properties: . Brown, liquid. Sp. gr. 1.05-1.06 at 250 C. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Substituted aromatic sulfonic acid plus soluble terpenes. Class: Wetting agent. SAITTOL S (Charlotte Chemical Labs., Inc.) [l^O] Properties: Brown liquid. Sp. gr. I.06 at 25° C. Uses: Textile- industry. •Composition: Solution of a substituted aromatic sulfonic acid. Class! Wetting agent. ... SAl'TOL T (Charlotte Chemical -Labs., Inc.) [lUl] Properties: Brown liquid. Sp. gr. 1.0U at 25° C. Composition: Same as Santol S, but 80 percent of its strength. Class*. Wetting agent. SANTOMSRSS NO. 1 (Monsanto Chemical Co.) L1-+2] Properties! White flakes. Slightly aromatic odor. Moisture content about 2 percent. Apparent- sp. gr. 0.35_0«^5«- P^ °f 1 -percent solutio in, distilled water 7-5"~8.5 at ]>0° C. A cold' stock solution may con- tain 20-30 percent of wetting agent; a paste may be' made with greater than 35 percent. No turbidity in water 'up to ^08 p. p.m. hardness. Aqueous solutions stable at boiling temperatures. Salted out by alkalies but otherwise Chemically stable to them. Stable to 10-percen sulfuric acid. Concn. (oercent) 0.5 0.25 O.125 O.O625 0.03125 S. T. 32. k 32.6 32.5 ' 31.8 3'4.U Composition: Salt of a substituted aromatic sulfonic acid plus an inorganic salt. • Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. SANT0M3RS3 NO. 2 (Monsanto Chemical Co.) [1U3] Properties: White flakes. Slightly aromatic odor'. Moisture content about 2 percent. Apparent sp. gr, O.H-O.5. pK of 1-percent solution in distilled water, 10-. 2-10 -.5 at 30° C. A cold stock solution may contain 10-20 percent; a paste may be made with more than J>0 percent, No turbidity in water up to 57& p. p.m. hardness. Aqueous solutions stable at boiling temperatures. Salted out by alkalies but otherwise chemically stable to them. Concn. (percent) 0,5 O.25 0.125 O.0625 O.O3125 S. T, 33.1 33.5 3^.2 3U.3 35.7 . Composition: Salt of a substituted aromatic sulfonic acid plus an alkaline inorganic salt. Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. _ 27 - SAHTOM33RSS NO. 3 [POWDER, PASTS] (Monsanto Chemical. Co.) [lW] Properties: White, hygroscopic powd or (or paste) . Slightly aromatic odor. Moisture content of powder 1 percent; of paste 25 percent. Apparent sp. gr. (powder) 0.5-0.6.' pH of 1-percent solution in distilled water 7»5"2.5 a^ 30° 0. A cold stock solution may contrin 20-30 percent of wetting agent; a paste may be .made with more than U5 percent. Ho turbidity in water up to k2J> p.'p.m. hardness. Aqueous solutions stable at boiling temperatures. Salted out by alkalies but otherwise chemically stable to them. Stable to 10-percent sulfuric acid. Solubility characteristics similar to these 6f Santomerse D. Concn. (percent) 0.5 0.25 0.125 O.O625 .0.03125 S.T. 35.9 36.0 36.O 37.2 1+1.9 Composition: Essentially dodecylbenzeno sodium sulfonate, purified with alcohol to 99 O percent. Class1 Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. SAST0M3RSE D (ilonsanto Chemical Co.) [1U5] Properties: White, hygroscopic powder. Slightly' aromatic odor. Moisture content about 1 percent. • Apparent sp. gr. about. O.5. pH of 1-percent solution in distilled water J-S at 30° C. A cold stock solution may contain 30-^0 percent of wetting 'agent; a paste may be made with more than 50 percent. ¥.0 turbidity in water of 1,000 p. p.m. hardness. Aqueous solutions stable at boiling temperatures. Salted out by alkalies but otherwise. chemically "stable to 'them. Stable to 10 percent sulfuric acid. Readily soluble in ethyl -alcohol, o-dichlorobenzene, toluene, and benzene; moderately soluble in carbon tetrachloride, glycerol , kerosene, pine oil, naphtha, oleic acid, and turpentine; insoluble-in acetone, 'ethylene dichloride, and linseed oil. Concn. (percent) 0.5 0.25 0.125 O.O625 O.O3125 s. T. 37. U 37.7 32.5 *+3.s ^7.9 Composition: Essentially decylbensene sodium sulfonate, purified with alcohol to 99.5 percent. . Claafe: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. SA1TT0MERSE S (Monsanto Chemical Co.) [lU6] Properties: Aqueous solution. Sp. gr. I.O5O-I.O0O at 25° C. Composition: A 3Q-p©rcent aqueous solution of Santomerse D. Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. SAPAMINE A (Ciba Co., Inc.) [1U7] Uses: Leveling agent in textile industry. 'Composition: Diethylaminoethyloleylamide acetate, Class: Wetting agent. - 2S - SiPAMIEE CH (Ci"ba Co., Inc.) [l*+8] Composition: DiethylaBinoethyloleylamide hydrochloride, I0.3 percent anhydrous. Class: Detergent. SAPAMniS MS (CibaCo., Inc.) [1U9] Composition: Diethylaminoethyloleylamidemethyl sulfate. Class : Detergent. S0AP0T0L (Commonwealth Color and Chemical Co;) [150] Properties: Light-colored, granular solid. Uses: Textile industry*.' Composition: Salt of a sulfonated higher fatty amide.- Class: Wetting agent, detergent. SOLVADnrS HJ (CibaCo., Inc.) [151] Properties: Mobile, am"ber-colored liquid. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: An alkylaryl sulfonate. Class*. Wetting agent. SOLVIT A (Emulsol Corp.) [152] Properties: Amber-colored, clear,- viscous liquid.- Acetic acid odor, "excellent dispersion in water. Sp. gr. O.96. S. T. for a 1. 0-percent dispersion (pH 3*7) 3^«8. Uses: Pood and pharmaceutical emulsions. Composition: Patty acid ester of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids; acidity, as acetic acid, ^.3 percent. Contains no soap. Class: Emulsifier. SPA!! 20 (Atlas Powder Co.) • • [153] Properties: Slightly hygroscopic, viscous liquid. Faint caramellike odor; bitter aftertaste of lauric acid. Setting point lU°-lb* C. Refractive index I.U72 at 250 C. Acid number 5-7. pH 6.0-7.0. Viscosity 3,500-5,000 op', at 25°"C . "Density about S.5 lb', per" gallon. Flash point U00° F. Disperses in hot or cold water; soluble in lower alcohols, chlorinated solvents, ether alcohols, 'and amines; moderately soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, others, ketones, esters, and vegetable and animal oils; insoluble in polyhydric alcohols and in dilute alkaline solutions. Stable in dilute mineral acid and alkali solutions, pH 2-12 at ordinary temperatures. Hydrolyzed by concentrated mineral acids and saponified by concentrated alkalies For a 1.0-porccnt concentration in water, S. T. 28', I. T. 3«5« Uses: Emulsifier for mineral oils, vegetable oils, and fats. Composition: Sorbitan monolaurato, technical. Class: Emulsifier. - 29 - SPA!" UO (Atlas Ponder Co.) [I5U] Properties: Synthetic, paler-yellow wax. Titer hj,0-k^° C. Sp. gr. 1.00-1. 05. Insoluble in coir, water, dilute acids, dilute alkalies, methanol, ethane 1, and polyhydric alcohols; disoorsible in hot water and toluene; soluble in hot mineral oils', hot vegetable oils, and most organic solvents. Attacked b" concentrated acids and alkalies, particularly alcoholic alkalies. For 1.0-percent concentration in water, S. T. 36, I. T. 5-0. Composition: Sorbitan moncpalmitate, , technical . Class: Smulsifier. 8PAH 60 (Atlas Ponder Co.) . [155] Properties: Synthetic wax, nonhygroscopic. Practically tasteless; mild fatty odor. Titer k^°-^2° C. Acid number less than 5. Density 8.2 lb. per gallon. Plash point U5O0 P. Soluble in warm aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinrted solvents, and alcohols; sparingly soluble in esters, ketones, ethers, petroleum solvents, and ether alcohols; insoluble in water and polyhydric alcohols. Self-emulsi- fiable in hot water. Slowly hydrolyz-ed by hot dilute mineral acids; readily saponified by alcoholic solutions of alkalies; not attacked appreciably in water at ordinary temperatures in range pH 0.5-12.0. U309: ■;• '. Emuleifior for vegetable' oils Mid waxes.: . - v • Composition: Sorbitan monostearate. Class: Smulsifier. SPAN 80 (Atlas Powder Co.) [156] Properties: Nonhygroscopic, oily liquid. Bland oily taste and faint caramel odor. Viscosity 1,000-1,300 cp. at 25° C. Melting r)oint 5°-^° C. Acid number less than 10. Density 8.3 lb. per gallon. pH 6,0-7,6. Flash point Ul0° F. Self-emulsifiable in hot water. Soluble in most organic solvents and oils; sparingly soluble in esters; insoluble in polyhydric alcohols. Stable in dilute mineral acids and in dilute alkalies at ordinary temperatures, pH 2-12; hydrolyzod by stronger alkalies and by warm concentrated mineral -'.cids. For 1.0-nercont concentration in weter, S. T. 30 , I. T. 2.5. Uses: Smulsifier for mineral oils (generally, water-in-oil type) . and for vegetable and animal oils (; 1 rally, oil-in-water type). Composition: Sorbitan monol.atc, technical. Class: Emulsifier. - 30 - S?A2T 85 (Atlas Powder Co.) [157] Properties! Semiviscous, amber, oily liquid. Taste and odor similar to olive oil. .Melting point "below -10° C. Viscosity • 150-250 cp. at 25° C. Disporsiblo in water and in 5-percent sodium hydroxide solution; soluble in oils and in most organic solvonts; insoluble in methanol and ethylene glycol, for 1.0- percent concentration in watei; S. T. ~}2} I. T, J.O, Composition: Sorbitan trioleate, technical. Class' Emulsifior, . r .• STA3L3X A (Heveatox- Core.) v " [15S] Properties'. Light ponder, Composition! A naphthalonosulfon- te. Class* letting agent. STABL3X. 3 (Hevcf.tex Corp.) , [159] Properties! Brbwn, granular solid. Use: Dispersing agent for .solids in water. Compos it-ion: Sodium, salt of a sulfonic acid. Class: Dispersing agent. ; STA3L3X C (Heveatox Corp.) [lSo] Properties: Liquid, Composition: ITaehthalenosulfonic acid. Class: Wotting agent. STABL3X G- (Heveatox Corp.) [lSl] Cornpo-sition: Sulfonate of petroleum hydrocarbons. C 1 ass: Wotting ag e nt . SULPAF0L3 K (Warwick Chemical Co.) ' [lb2] Properties: Soft, cream-colored paste. Slightly alkaline in reaction, Composition Sulfated fatty amide plus organic solvent. Class* Emulsifier, detergent. SULFAN0L3 P3 (Warwick Chemical Co .) C163] Properties.;: Soj.'t, cream-colored paste. Slightly alkaline in reaction, Composition' Sulfated fatty amide. Class: .'Smulsifier, detergent.. - 31 - SUraiATJS (filyco Products Co-. , Inc.) [loU] Properties: Light-brown liquid. Misciblo with water and with dilute alcohol-; insoluble in oils and hydrocarbons. Sp. gr . 1.152 at 22°/22° C. pH of a 5-percent solution in water 9.2-9.U. Effective in acids, salts, hard water, and alkalies. Stable on rofluxing for several hours at pH of 2-11. Uses: Textile scouring, leather and paper impregnation, cosmetics, polishes. Composition; Hydrocarbon sulfonate. Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. SULK) TURK S (Gl-co Products Co., Inc.) [165] Properties: Orange-brovrn , viscous oil. Pleasant, spicy odor. Honhygroscopic, nondrying, nonvolatile, anhydrous. Soluble in hydrocarbons, emulsifies in water, Will not turn rancid. Will not crystallize or precipitate on freezing. pH of a ^-Dorcont dispersion 9.0. Conposition: Sodium salt of a sulfonated hydrocarbon. Class* Wetting agent, dispersing agent, enulsifier. TZGACID (Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.) [l66] Properties: Gives emulsions with pH oelcv 7* Withstands acids and acid-reacting substances. Composition: Glyceryl mono st carat e. Class! Emulsifier. TEGIi: (Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.) [167] Properties: White, waxliko flakes. Melting point 53° C. Not stable to acids, alkalies, and elcctroylytes. Requires a preservative to prevent mold. Produces oil-in-water type emulsions which do not break at freezing temperatures. Effective as emulsion stabilizer at reduced temperatures. Composition: Glyceryl monoster rate. Class* Smulsifier. EffiGIH P (Goldschmidt Chonical Corp.) [lo8] Properties: War-like solid. Molting joint 71° C. Neutral. Produces oil-in-v<-ter type emulsions. Composition.: Propylene glycol monostcarat . Claso: Emulsifier. TENSOL (Synthetic Chemicals, Inc.) Cl'69] Properties: Tan paste. Soluble in water. Unaffected by hard water, mineral acids, organic acids, caustic 1 1 Lies, and bleaching and mordanting agents. Uses: lettable sulfur and textile industries. Conposition" A sulfonated alkylnaphthalene sth r, Class*. Wetting agent, dispersing agent, emulsifier. - 32 - TITADIF3 T'. A. (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) D-70] Properties! Brown liquid. Resistant to acids and alkalies. ■ Composition: Alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid ester and sulfated alcohols. Class! letting agent. TITAFIK KT (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) [l7l] Properties: In 2-percent caustic soda solution aids detergent action and conditions the material; ' Cation-active. Uses! Kier - boiling assistant in textile industry, Compo s i t ion : Di cthylamino ethyl-ol eylanido hydfoxyac et at e . Class* Cationic surface-active agent, cmulsificr, detergent. TITAMIH3 TCP (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) [172] Properties* White powder. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Derivative of a sulfated. alcohol. Class* Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. TITAlv DBCITHSJJ1 (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) [l73] Properties: Brown, transpare&ti liquid. : Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Alkylated aromatic sulfonates*. Class* Wetting agent. TITAilOLE RTA (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) [17*+] Properties: Amber liquid. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Sodium alkylarylsulfonate. Class: Wetting agent. TITASCOUR (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) ■ [175] Properties: Transparent paste. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Sodium salt of a sulfonic acid, plus solvents. Class' Wetting agent. TITAZ0L3 S. A. (Titan Chemical Products, Inc.) [176] Properties: Brown liquid. Resistant to acids and alkalies. Uses' Textile industry. Composition: Sodium allcylnaphthalcnesulfonato. Class: Wetting agent. -33- TITAZCLZ Ti'I (Titan Chcmecal Products, Inc)) [177] Properties: • Brown paste. Uses: Textile industry. Composition: Alcohol sulfates, plus solvents. Class* Wetting rgent, detergent. ; IBIGAMIIO! (Gl-co Products Co., Inc.) [17S] Properties2 Fairly viscous, light-colored liquid. Pler.se.nt odor. Soluble in water, glycerol, the glycols, and 50- pcrccnt alcohol; immiscible with oils and hydrocarbon solvents. Sp. gr.-1.17 r-t 25°/25* C. pH of 10-percent aqueous solution 9.7» Practically nonhygroscopic at ordinary humidities. On heating loses a snail amount of r.olccularly combined water and its neutralisation equivalent rises. Composition: Complex borated amine. Clo.ss: Emulsificr. SEHIGAMDTS STSAEATS (Glyco Products Co. , Inc.) [1793 Properties: Light-colored, odorless, waxliko solid. Melting point U90 C. Does not oxidize or discolor with age. Melts to a thin liquid which is easy to nix. Composition1 Stearic acid ester of complex boratod amines. Class: Emulsificr. TRIT01T 720 (Rohm and Haas Co.) [ISO] Properties: White, aqueous paste containing approximately JO percent of solids. Anion active; effective in acid, neutral, and alkaline solutions, and in hard or soft water; compatible with anion— active materials such as sulfated or sulfonated products or soaps. Insoluble in oil, soluble in water. Detergent activity increased in the presence of an electrolyte. Uses! Bnulsifier for oil, grease, and solid soil. Composition: Sodium salt of an arolkylpolyether sulfonate. Class' Wotting agent, emulsificr, detergent. TRITCF 770 (Rohm and Haas Co.) [l8l] Properties: White, aqueous paste, containing approximately 20 percent of solids. Anion active; most effective in neutral and slightly acid solutions. Insoluble in oil, soluble in water, Compatible with other anion-active materials. Unaffected by hard water. Detergent properties are increased in the presence of builder?, but builders are not necessary. Composition: Sodium salt of t :ylphenoxypoly other sulfate. Class! Vetting agent, emulsificr, detergent. TRITOI* 3-79 (Rohm and Haas Co.) [182] Properties: Viscous, amber liquid, containing 35 percent of solids. Anion-active, Soluble in oil and. in water. Stable in neutral and alkaline solutions. Compatible with soaps and synthetic detergents. Uses: Smulsifier for chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Composition: Ammonium salt, of an alkyl sulfonated ether alcohol. Class J Wetting agent, enulsifier. TR1T0" K-oO (Rohm and Haas Co.) L1S3] Properties: Yellow, opalescent, aqueous pasta, containing 25 percent of solids. Cation active. Stable in neutral, alkaline, and acid solutions. Precipitates* anion-activq materials such as sulfated or sulfonated products or ordinary soaps. Substantive to all fibers, particularly wool and silk. Effective as wetting agent in acid solutions. r; Composition: Aqueous dispersion of cetyldimothylbcnzylammonium chloride. Class* Cationic surface-active agent, wetting agent. TRITON 113 (Bohr, and Haas .Co.) [lgU] Properties* Straw-colored liquid, containing approximately 35 percent of solids. ^anionic. Stable in a.cid, neutral, and alkaline solutions. Compatible with anion- and cation- active materials. Free from salts and electrolytes. Composition: High-molecular-weight complex primary monobasic alcohol; an aralkyl poly ether alcohol. Contains no nitrogen or sulfur, and leaves no ash. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. TRIT0IT w_30 (Rohr- rJ1d Haas Co.) [IS5] Properties: Straw-colored liquid, containing e„bout 20 percent of solids. Anion active. Effective in neutral, -mildly acid, and mildly alkaline solutions. Compatible with anion-active materials such as sulfated or sulfonated products or 'ordinary soaps. ■ Soluble in water, insoluble in oil. Compositions Sodium salt of an aralkyj ether sulfate. Class* Wetting agent. TWS3P 20 (Atlas Powder Co.) [l8b] Properties: Amber- colored, nonhygroscopic, oily liquid. Slightly sweet odor; sharp bitter taste. Soluble in water, dilute acids, dilute alkalies, alcohol, ether, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, ketones, glycols, and pyridine; • insoluble in mineral, vegetable, and animal oils. Refractive index 1.1+72. Density 8.5 lb. per gallon. Viscosity 250-^00 cp. at 250 C. Acid number 0. 5-1.0. Plash point 610° P. Heat-stable to I5O0 C. Stable to acidic electrolytes. Sa.r- ponified \)y dilute alkalies on continued exposure. Produces emulsions of oil-in-water type. For a 1.0-percent solution, S.T, 36, I.T, S.O. Suitable for use with Span 20. Composition: A modified sorbitan monolaurate. Class* Emulsifier. - 35 - TWBEt: UO (Atlas Powder Co.) [187] Properties: Semigelatinous, amber, oily liquid. Slightly sv/eet edor. Refractive index I.U70. Sp. gr. 1.05-1.10. Viscosity U0O-6OO cp. git 25 ° C. Acid number less than 1.0. Soluble in uater, dilute alkalies, dilute acids, alcohols, chlorinated solvents, and coal-tar' hydrocarbons; insoluble in animal, vegetable, and mineral oils, diethyl ether, and sorbitol. Stable to hot, dilute mineral acids i. Saponified slowly in presence of dilute alkalies. Produces emulsions of oil-in water type. Effective in presence of acids. For a 1.0-per- cent solution, S. T. Uo, I. T. 9. Suitable for use with Span Uo. Composition: Polyoxyalkylene ether of sorbitan moncpalmitate. Class* Smulsifier. TW32IT 60 (Atlas Powder Co.) [lSS] Properties: Semigelatinous, amber, oily liquid. Viscosity U00- •600 cp. at 25° C. Sp. gr. 1.05-1.10. Acid number less than 1.0. Soluble in.: hard or distilled water, dilute acids, dilute alkalies, and most organic solvents; insoluble in mineral oils, vegetable oils, and ethylene glycol. Stable to hot mineral acids; slowly saponified by alkalies. Produces emulsions of nil-in-water type. For a l^O-p^rcent solution, S. T, U3, I. T. 10. Suitable for use with Span oO. Composition: Polyoxyalkylene ether of sorbitan monostearate . Uses: Emulsifier for oils and waxes, particularly in the presence of acids and salts. Class: Emulsifier. IW5EN 6l (Atlas Powder Co.) ' " [I89] Properties: Yellow wax. Titer 33-37° C. Sp. gr. O.9S-I.O3. Insoluble in cold water, dilute sulfuric acid, and dilute sodium hydroxi&e; dispersible in presence of certain salts such as aluminum chloride, and in hot water; soluble in most organic solvents. Much more effective in reducing interfacial tension when dissolved in the oil phase than in water phase; e. g, , for OtI -percent concentration I. T. is 1,0 in oil and 10. 5 in water. For a 1. 0-percent aqueous solution, S. T.'38, I, T. 7»5« Composition and class: Same as IWE3N 60. TW331T 80 (Atlas Powder Co.) [l90] Properties: Semiviscous, amber, oily liquid. Viscosity 600- 800 cp. at 25° C. Sp. gr. 1.05-1.10. Soluble in distilled or hard water, dilute acids, dilute alkalies, and most organic solvents; insoluble in mineral and vegetable oils. Stable to mineral acids. Slowly saponified by alkalies. Suitable for ■•use in combination with Span 80; the Tween is dissolved in the water phase and the Span in the oil phase. For a 1 , 0-percent solution, S.T. 38, I. T, 5. Composition: Polyoxyalkylene ether of sorbitan monooleate. Class: jkuls'ifier. -36- IWEM gl (Atlas Powder Co.) [l9l] Properties: Amber, oily liquid. Viscosity U0O-6OO cp. at 250 C, Sp. gr. 1.00-1.05. Flash point 550° F. Pi re point" 600° P. Dispersible in hard or distilled water, dilute alkalies, dilute acids, and in presence 'of salts;- soluble in most organic sol- vents and oils. Effective as an emulsifier for oils, fats, »• and waxes, especially in the presence of acids arid- salts. For 1.0-percent, solution, S.T-. 38, I.T. £.5. Composition and class: Same as TVOS1T SO. TW3IC17 S5 (Atlas Powder Co.) [192] Properties: Semigelatinous, amber,. oily liquid. Viscosity 200- !+00 cp. at 25° C. Sp. gr. I.OO-I.O5. Dispersible in distilled water, hard water, dilute acids, and dilute alkalies; soluble in most organic solvents and oils; insoluble in acetone and in ethylene glycol. Like other Spans and Tweens it is essentially nonvolatile and heat resistant to about '200° C. Por a 1^0-per- cent solution, S.T. U2, I.T. 10. Produces water-in-oil emulsions. Composition: Polyoxyalkylene ether of sorbitan trioleate. ■ . Class'. Srnulsifier . ULTRAVOP Z (Ciba Co., Inc.) • [193] Properties: Light-tan, fine powder. Uses; Textile industry. Composition: Sulfonate of a complex stearylalkyl compound. Class: Detergent. . •." ULTRAVOP W (Ciba Co., Inc.) -[19^3 Data same as given for ULTRAVOI! Z. ULTEAWET (Atlantic Refining Co.) • . ..... [195] Properties: Pale-yellow flakes. Solubility in. distilled water, 100 gm. per 100 ml. at 77° P. pH of 0.5-percent (by weight) * solution 7-8. Pot precipitated by 300 p. p.m. of calcium, mag- nesium, or iron. Composition: Water-s6luble- sodium sulfonate of petroleum hydro- carbons (average of l6 carbon atoms in the hydroc'rrbon. molecule) » Class: Wetting agent. :. . U1TIT3X (Commonwealth Color and Chemical Co..) [19^] Properties: Almost white, coarse powder. Readily soluble in hot water -up to about 10 percent. Pot, affected by -calcium and mag- nesium salts. Resistant to boiling 10-percent caustic soda and 15-percent sulfuric acid; 'also resistant to oxidation by hypo- chlorite or peroxide bleaching liquors. Rinses easily and improves • the rinsibility of soap. Does .not hydrolyze in solution. Solutions are neutral in reaction. Uses: Adjuvant to soaps and in textile industry. Composition: Sodium salt of alkylated aromrtic sulfonate. Class: Wetting agent, detergent. - 37 - VATSCL OS (American Cyananid and Qhemical Corp.) [197] Properties: Yellow-brown powder, somewhat hygroscopic. Composition: Sodium salt of an alkylnaphthal one sulfonic acid, containing approximately 5 percent of sodium sulfate. Same as Aerosol OS. JClass! Wetting agent, detergent. VATSOL OT (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [198] Properties: Waxlike material in pellet form. Composition: Dioctyl sodium sulfo succinate. §am£ as Aerosol OT lOOfo, Class: Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent, e £.•■ .' :■•.,•'■ I'/V'; VATSOL OT-C (American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp.) [199] Properties! •'.'White, free-flowing powder. Composition: Dioctyl sodium culfosuccinate, 10 percent; inert organic diluent (Cerelose) , 90 oercent. Same as Aerosol OT-C. Olass; Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. VEL (Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co.) [200] Properties! White fowdeT. Composition: RCOO.CHgCHtOHOCKg.OSO-^lTa, where RCOO represents mixed coconut oil-fatty acid radicals. Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier, detergent. VICTOR WETTIFG AG31TT 35B (Victor Chemical Works) [201 3 Properties? Tan paste containing 7Q percent of active material and 30 percent of water. Readily soluble in water; Insoluble in most common organic so-lvents (ethyl alcohol is an exception). Porms a precipitate in hard water, which is redissolved by ah excess. .Its wetting-out effect is greatly enhanced "by inorganic builders such as sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbon- ate, and disodium phosphate. Moderately stable in acids and alkalies. Solutions are substantially neutral with little tend- ency to foam. $. T. for 1.0-percent solution 2H.7, for 0.10- percent solution 30 .0. Composition! Sodium salt of octyl acid tripolyphosphate. Class! Wetting agent. VICTOR WETTING AGOT 5S3 (Victor Chemical Works) [202] Properties: White paste containing 70 percent- of active material and 30 percent of water, S.T. for 1.0-percent solution 23 . 5* f°r 0.10-percent solution 26.0. Other properties similar to those of Victor Wotting Agent 35E« Composition: Sodium salt pf capryl acid tripolyphosphate. Class: Wetting' agent. - 38 - VIRIPOAM A (G-lyco Products Co. Inc.) [203] Preperties!" Light-colored powder. Completely ' soluble in water. Produces stable foam in aqueous solutions. Uses: Manufacture of shampoos, shaving creams, and dentrifices. Composition: Alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid derivative. Class: Wetting agent, foaming agent. WARCOSOL PASTE (Warwick Chemical Co.) [20H] Properties: Light-tan paste. Composition: 'Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate. Class! Wetting agent, emulsifier. WETSIT (Jacques Wolf and Co.) [205] Properties: Brown, mobile liquid. Uses! Textile and paper industries. ■ , Composition: Alkylated aromatic sulfonate. Class: Wetting agent. IFDEX OF CHILI CAL .CQMPQUHDS AND CHEKIGAL TYPES Alkanolamine derivatives: 15, H6., '11*+. Alkylamide derivatives: 2h, Ho, Ul, U5, H6, 5U, 89, 92, 97, 103, 116, 129, 1U7, iUs, 1U9, 150, 162, 163, 171. Alkylamine derivatives! 115* Alkyl sulfate derivatives: lU, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6©, 6l, 62, 63, 6i+, 65, 85, 86, 88, 99, 100, 101, 113, 117/118, 131, 172, 177," 161, IS5. ; ■ n r Alkyl sulfonate derivatives: 19, 102, 120, 121, lol , 164, 165, 193, I9I+, 195. Arylsulfonic acid derivatives; 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 13, lb, 17, 18, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, U7, US, 1+9, 50, 51, 52, 67, sU, 98, 108-110, 112, 123, 12U, 125, 126, 128, 130, 132, 138, 139, 1^0, lUl, 1U2, 1H3, 1UU, iu55 ii+6, 151, 158, 159, 160, 169, 173, il\ 176, 180, 196, 197, 203, 20U, 205. Borated amine derivatives: 178, 179 • Butyldi phenyl , sodium mono sulfonate: 26. Butylphenyl phenol, sodium mono sulfonate: 25. Capryl acid tripolyphosphate, sodium salt: 202. Cationic agents: 'kot kl] 42, 66, 10 3, 115, 133, I3U, 171, I83. Cellulose ethers: hk. Cephalin: U3. Cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride: I83. Cctyl sodium sulfate: 60. Decylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1U5 , l46. Diamyl sodium sulfo succinate: 3- Dibutylphenylphenol, sodium di sulfonate: 27. Dibutyl sodium sulfo succinate: k. Diethylaminoethyloleylamide acetate! 1^7. Diethylaminoethyloleylamde hydrochloride: 148 . Diethylaminoethyloleylamide hydroxy acetates 171 • Diethylaminoothyloleylamidemethyl sulfate: 1U9. - 39 - Diglycol stearatei 87. Dihexyl sodium sulfo succinate: 5« Dihydric and trihydric alcohol derivatives! 22, 23, 71, 72, 73, 7^» 75, 76, 80, 83, 87, 119, 135, 136, 137, 166, 167, 16s, 200. Diiscpropylnaphthalene sodium sulfonate: 2. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate: 7, 8, 9, 10, 53, 198, 199» Dodecyloenzene sodium sulfonate: 1^4, Ether alcohol derivatives: 38, 122, 182, lgU, 185 . Ethyl oleate, sodium sulfonate: 21, 96. Ethylene oxide derivatives: 81, 82, 83, 93, 9U, 95. Patty acid ester derivatives: 20, 21, 28, 29, 30, 33, 3*+, 35, 36, 37, 38, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7*S 7>, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 96, 10U, 105, 106, ill, 119, 122, 135, 136, 137, 152, 153, 15*+, 155, 156, 157, 166, 167, l68, 179, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 200. Glyceryl monostearate: 119, l66, 167. Isopropylnaphthalene, sulfonated: 32.- Laurylamine: 115. Lauryl amine laurylamidoethylphosphate: Uo. Lauryl sodium sulfate: 56, 63, 65, 86, 99, 100, 117, 113, 131. Lauryltrimethylammonium bromide: 13^« Lecithin: U3. Mannide monooleate: 28, Mannitaji monolaurate: 3^> 127. Mannitan monooleate: 29, 36. Mannitan monopalmitate: 37. Mannitan monostearatc: 35 • Mannitol derivatives: 28, 29, 3U, 35, 36, 37, 127. Methyl ethyloleylamide, sodium sulfonate: 2^4-, 97- Monobutyldiphcnyl, sodium mono sulfonate: 26. ITaohthalene'derivitives: 2, 6, l6, 17, IS, 32, Sk , 98, 108, 109, 110, 112, 123, 12U, 125, 12b, 128, 138, 158, 160, 169, 170, 176, 197, 203, 20U. • m-Nitrobenzene, sodium sulfonate: 13. Octyl acid tripolyphosphate, sodium salt: 201. Octyl sodium sulfate: 57. Oleyl sodium sulfate: 62, 85, SZ , 101, 117, 118. Phosphatides: hj>. Phosphoric acid derivatives: Uo, hi, 201, 202. Polyhydric alcohol derivatives: 22, 23, 68-80, S3, 87, 119, 135, 136, 137, 166, 167, 168, 200. Propylene glycol monooleate: 136. Propylene glycol mono st oar ate: 137, I08. Quaternary ammonium derivatives s Uo, Ul , 66, 11$, 133, 13^", 171, I83. Sodium cetyl sulfatej 60. Sodium lauryl sulfate: 56, 63, 65, 36, 99, 100, 117, 118, 131, Sodium octyl sulfate: 57- Sodium oleyl sulfate: o2,-&5, 88, 101, 117, 118. - Uo - UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA llllllllllli 3 1262 09227 9909 ) Sorbitan monolaurateS 133 • Sor"bitan monolaurate derivative: 186'. : Sorbitan monooleate: 30, 156.' Sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyalkylene ether o-': 190, 191 Sorbita.n monopalmitatei 154-. ' Sorbitan monopalmitate, -polyoxyalkylene ether: 187. Sorbitan mono stear ate! 155 • ' ' ' Sorbitan mono stear ate, polyoxyalkylene ether: 188, 189. Sorbitan trioleate: 157- Sorbitan trioleate, . polyoxyalkylene. ether: 192. ' Sorbitan triricinoleate: 33" ' ' r Sorbitol derivatives: 30, 33, 153, 15^, 155, 156, 157, 18b, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192. 1 Stearylamine stearylamidoethylphosphate: Ml. V Stearyltrimethylammonium bromide; 66, 133 • Succinic acid derivatives: 3, U,-5, 7j 8, 9, 10, 53, 19S, 199- i( Sulfolignins: 55, 90, 91. , . ' Sulfonic acid, sodium salt: 175' 3? etrahydro naphthalene sodium sulfonate! 17. • Unclassified^ 39, U2, 107 . . DIRECTORY OF COMPANIES MBUTJOHED IF THIS PU3LICATI0F Amalgamated Chemical Corp., Auburn and Trenton- Aves. , Philadelphia, Pa. American Aniline and Extract Co., Inc., T and Venango Sts., Philadelphia,?? , American Cyanamid and Chemical Corp., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, Few York, F. Y, Arnold Hoffman and Co., Inc., 55 Canal St., Providence, R. I. Atlantic Refining Co., 31^4 Paesyunk Ave.,- Philadelphia, Pa. Atlas Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. Burkart-Schier Chemical Co., Chattanooga, Tenn'. Charlotte Chemical Labs., Inc. ,■ Charlotte, F; C. Chemical Manufacturing Co., Inc., Ashland, Mass. Ciba Co., Inc., 627 Greenwich, Few York, H. Y. Cleary, W. A., Corp., Few- Brunswick, IT. J. ■ - Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co., 105 Hudson St., Jersey City, F. J. Commonwealth Color and. Chemical Co., 223 Kevins St., Brooklyn, IT. Y. Dewey and Almy Chemical Co., Cambridge, Mass. E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., -Inc., Wilmington, Del. Emulsol Corp., 59 East Madison St., Chicago, 111. General Dyestuff Corp., H35 Hudson St., Few York, F. Y. Glyco Products Co., Inc., 23O King Street, Brooklyn, F. Y. Goldschmidt Chemical Corp., 153 Waverly Place, Few York, F. Y. Hart Products Corp., .14-Hb Broadway, Few York, F. Y. Heveatex Corp., Melrose, Mass. Horn-Kern Corp., U3U2 Tenth St., Long Island City ,;. IT. Y. Michel Export Co., Inc., 95 Broad St., Few York, I. Y. Monsanto Chemical Co., 1700 South Second St., St. Louis, Mo. Procter and Gamble Co., Dcpt . TR, Gwynne Bldg. , Cincinnati, Ohio. Rohm and Haas Co., 222 West Washington Square, Philadelphia, Pa. Synthetic Chemicals, Inc., 51 Wilkinson Ave., Jersey City, IT. J. Titan Chemical Products, Inc., Mill Road and Wayne St., Jersey City, F. J. Vanderbilt, R. T., Co., 23O Park Ave., Few York, F. Y. Victor Chemical Works, lUl West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Warwick, Chemical Co., West Warwick, R. I. Wolf, Jacques and Co., P. 0. Box 839, Passaic, F. J.