j| fa Connecticut Ipculturat ramnwnt NEW HAVEN, CONN. BULLETIN No. 91. APRIL, 1887. NOTICE. The Station from time to time receives from farmers in the State samples of grasses with a request to name them. Often the specimens sent are only parts or iragments of plants and for that reason are difficult or impossible to identify. The Station will receive and add to those already growing in its Experiment Garden samples of sod which may be sent by persons in the State who wish to have the grasses named. Such sods when growing together will furnish an interesting and useful com- parison of species or varieties from different sections of the State. The sods should be about the size of a quart strawberry basket, say six or eight inches square and three to five inches deep and should be packed closely in a box or tied up in a cloth or oil paper so that they will not dry up or be shaken apart on the way, and should have some distinguishing mark to identify them on their arrival here. A common salt box will hold several specimens. Persons sending them should give the Station full particulars in regard to the meadows or pastures from which they came and anything of interest about the growth or value of the grass. If sent at once such samples will make a good growth this year and furnish valuable material for the study of our native and cultivated grasses. Till further notice the Station will receive such samples of sod and pay the express charges to New Haven. FERTILIZER ANALYSES. Explanation. — In the Station Report for 1886, the cost per ton of Peck Brothers' Pure Ground Bone, No. 1739 was given as $35 per ton. This was the price quoted to us by the seller, Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury. The manufacturer's price at mill is $33, as stated in the July Bulletin. This statement through an oversight failed to appear in the Report. Analysis of Tobacco Stalks, No. 1895. On the 17th of February, Mr. Byron Loomis brought to this Station a sample of Tobacco Stalks, in regard to which he stated as follows: — The stalks are from Havana Seed Tobacco raised in Suffield, planted in rows 3^ feet apart, the plants 18-20 inches apart in the row. The sample represents 50 average stalks after they have been cured, and weighs 20 pounds. From Mr. Loomis's statement it appears that there were between 7100 and 7900 stalks to the acre or 7500 on the average and accordingly their weight at the date would be about 3000 pounds or 1|- tons to the acre. The analysis follows, and for comparison is also given an analysis of stalks of Connecticut Leaf, Havana Seed Tobacco which were supplied to the Station by Mr. H. H. Austin, of Suf- field. The analysis, with a different water content is found on page 105 of the Report for 1884. Mr. Austin's sample was much drier than Mr. Loomis's sample, containing only 45.90 per cent, of water. The analysis is here reckoned to 67.00 per eent. of water for comparison. Mr. Austin also estimates the weight of the [drier] stalks at 4000 pounds per acre. These differences in estimated total yield and in the water-content of the stalks ac- count largely for the difference in the yield of plant food per acre as calculated from the analysis. Water Organic and Volatile Matter. Containing Nitrogen . - Ash or Mineral Matter Mr. Loomis' Sample. Mr. Austin's Sample. 66.99 67.00 29.96 30.06 L.69] [.13] 3.05 2.94 100.00 100.00 The mineral matter contains : Potash 1.37 1.60 Soda Lime Magnesia Oxide of Iron Phosphoric acid Sulphuric acid Chlorine Sand and Silica Deduct oxygen equivalent to chlorine .02 .01 .29 .30 .15 .19 .04 — .18 .22 .16 .23 .34 .33 .58 .13 3.13 3.01 .08 •07 3.05 2.94 From the data given by Mr. Loomis the amount of plant food per acre contained in the stalks furnished by him is calculated as follows : Nitrogen 20.6 pounds. Phosphoric acid _ . 5.4 Potash 41.0 Soda .5 Lime _. 7.8 Magnesia - 4.4 Sulphuric acid 4.7 Chlorine 10.3 The stalks therefore contain about as much nitrogen and potash as would be furnished by an application of 70 pounds of muriate of potash and 300 pounds of cotton seed meal per acre. The latter would however contain nearly twice as much phosphoric acid. . Nitrogenous Fertilizers. 1914. Dried Blood from stock of L, Sanderson, New Haven. 1940. Sulphate of Ammonia from lot bought of C. Meyer, Jr., Maspeth, L. L, by G. F. Piatt, Milford. 1911. Sulphate of Ammonia from stock of L. Sanderson, New Haven. • 1914 Nitrogen. 12.65 Equivalent Ammonia 15.36 Cost per ton $43.00 Nitrogen costs per lb. . . 17 cents *In Milford. 1840 1911 20.37 20.37 24.74 24.74 74.48* 70.00 18.3 cents 17.1 4 1956. Nitrate of Soda from stock purchased by Mattabesett Grange, Middletown, of National Fertilizer Co., Bridgeport. 1915. Nitrate of Soda from stock of L. Sanderson, New- Haven. Analyses. 1956 1915 Water 2.20 1.45 Sodium chloride, salt .84 .39 Sodium sulphate, (Glauber's Salts),. .30 .27 Nitrate of Soda 96.66 9*7.89 100.00 100.00 Nitrogen of nitrate of soda. 15.92 16.12 Cost per ton $55.00 Nitrogen costs per pound 17 cents. Potash Salts. Muriates. 1928. Muriate of Potash, H. J. Baker & Bro., N. Y. Stock of R. B. Bradley & Co., New Haven. 1943. Muriate of Potash, H. J. Baker & Bro. Stock of Dennis Fenn, Milford. 1944. Muriate of Potash, C. Meyer, Jr., Maspeth, L. I. From lot bought by G. F. Piatt, Milford. 1953. Muriate of Potash, National Fertilizer Co., Bridgeport. From lot bought by Mattabesett Grange, Middletown. Sulphates. 1945. Sulphate of Potash, C. Meyer, Jr., Maspeth, L. I. From lot bought by G. F. Piatt, Milford. 1952. Sulphate of Potash. National Fertilizer Co., Bridge- port. From lot bought by Meriden Grange. 1951. Sulphate of Potash. National Fertilizer Co., Bridge- port. From stock bought by Mattabesett Grange, Middletown. Kainit. 1929. Kainit. H. J. Baker & Bro., N. Y. Stock 'of C. O. Jeliff & Co., Southport. 1955. Kainit. National Fertilizer Co., Bridgeport. From lot bought by Meriden Grange. 1913. Kainit. Stock of L. Sanderson, New Haven. 13.00 11.50 cts. cts. 5.2 4.7 Analyses. 1928 1943 1944 1953 1945 1952 195! 1929 1955 1913 Potash 51.17 50.40 51.77 52.95 25.03 26.82 26.34 12.41 12.42 12.26 Equiv. Muriate.. 81.0 79.7 82.0 83.90 Bquiv. Sulphate . 46.3 49.60 48.7 Cost per ton $45.00 43.50* 37.00* Potash costs per. cts. cts. cts. pound 4.4 4.2 7.3 * In Milford. Plain Superphosphates. 1941. Pure Dissolved Bone, H. J. Baker & Bro., N. Y. Stock of Dennis Fenn, Milford. 1942. Dissolved Bone Black, C. Meyer, Jr., Maspeth, L. I. From stock bought by G. F. Piatt, Milford. Analyses. 1941 1942 Soluble Phosphoric Acid 17.35 13.62 Reverted Phosphoric Acid .17 2.55 Insoluble Phosphoric Acid _. .11 .25 Costperton $26.00 31.00* Soluble Phosphoric Acid costs per lb.f. 7.3 cts. 9.9 cts. * In Milford. f Allowing 7| cents per pound for reverted, and 2 cents for insoluble phos- phoric acid. Cotton Hull Ashes. 1963. American Oil Co., N". Y. Stock purchased by H. B. Wakeman, Green's Farms. 1924. ' Stock of W. W. Cooper, Suffield. 1926. A mixture of equal parts of three samples from stock of J. Frohlinger, E. A. Russell and F. E. Granger, who bought the ashes of F. C. Harmon, all of Suffield. 1950. Stock of Olds & Whipple, Hartford. Sampled by C. H. Cables, Thomaston. 1923. Stock of R. E. Pinney, Suffield. Sampled by C. D. Woodworth, Thompsonville. 1925. A mixture of two samples drawn by Station Agent from R. E. Pinney's stock and from stock sold by him to E. A. Russell, Suffield. 1950 1923 1925 1.65 .75 2.08 1.06 5.67 6.90 2.40 1.51 1.86 21.54 20.91 21.36 35.00 35.00 35.00 3*7.88 33.30 37.92 The ashes sold by the American Oil Co., and by R. E. Pinney are in good condition mechanically and free from large hard lumps common in Cotton Hull Ashes. Analyses and Valuations. 1963 1924 1926 Soluble Phosphoric acid 1.44 1.72 • .51 "Reverted" Phosphoric acid.. 6.33 6.44 5.15 Insoluble Phosphoric acid .59 .74 .96 Potash soluble in water 26.73 12.54 28.58 Cost per ton $30.00 35.00 33.00 Valuation per ton $41.44 26.50 40.36 Blood and Tankage and Bone Manures. The terms " Bone Dust," " Ground Bone," " Bone Meal " and " Bone " applied to fertilizers, may in some cases, signify material made from dry, clean and pure bones such as shank bones used in making knife handles ; in other cases these terms refer to the result of crushing fresh or moist bones which have been thrown out either raw or after cooking, with more or less meat, tendon and grease — and if taken from garbage' or ash heaps, with ashes or soil adhering ; again they denote mixtures of bone, blood, meat and other slaughter house refuse which have been cooked in steam-tanks in order to recover grease, and are then dried and sold as " tankage " ; or, finally, they apply to bone from which a large share of the ossein has been extracted in the glue manu- facture. The nitrogen of all these varieties of bone when they are in the same state of mechanical subdivision has essentially the same fertilizing value. The following are pure raw bone : 1903 and 1905. H. J. Baker's Strictly Pure Bone. 1917. Rogers & Hubbard Co.'s Raw Bone A. The following are tolerably clean cooked bone : 1961. Bradley's Bone. 1933. Meyer's Bone. 1958. Chittenden's Bone. 1904. Quinnipiac Bone. 1907. Darling's Bone. Swift Sure Bone, 1908, and Americus Bone, 1927, are mix- tures of bone and tankage. Lister's Bone, 1934, and Coe's Bone, 1906, are mixtures of bone, tankage and salts. 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Potash 7.67 6.00 Phosphoric Acid... 1.61 2.50 Moisture 11.99 Sand, coal, etc. 9.05 Unleached Canada Ashes of average quality contain 5.7 per cent, of potash and 1.2 per cent, of phosphoric acid. Cayuga Land Plastek. 1947. Ground by Cayuga Plaster Co., Union Springs, N. Y. Sampled by H. J. Mattoon, Watertown, from lot of 35 tons. Analysis. Pure hydrated sulphate of lime , _ _ 66.50 Sand and insoluble matters 6.27 Undetermined matters chiefly carbonate of lime 27.23 100.00 S. W. JOHNSON, Director. University of Connecticut Libraries 39153029145549