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 Anti- Prohibition 
 
 Manual 
 
 A Summary of Facts and 
 
 Figures Dealing With 
 
 Prohibition 
 
 1916 
 
 CO 
 
 .1 
 
 NATIONAL 
 
 WHOLESALE LIQUOR DEALERS 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 
 
 301 UNITED BANK BUILDING 
 CINCINNATI, OHIO 
 
 Copyright, 1916, 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 THIS is the SECOND Anti-Prohibition 
 Manual. Its predecessor was published 
 for the year 1915, and one hundred 
 thousand (100,000) copies were distributed 
 throughout the United States. 
 
 The success of the 1915 Manual has led us to 
 issue a new, up-to-date edition. We wish to 
 thank those who have said kind things and 
 who have "boosted" our original effort. We 
 hope to continue in this edition to deserve 
 your good will. 
 
 These pages were compiled with but one 
 purpose in view. 
 
 They are intended to furnish a quick and 
 easy means of answering arguments offered 
 in support of Prohibition. 
 
 Within these pages may be found the an- 
 swer to practically every argument presented 
 to date by the Anti-Saloon League or other 
 Prohibition forces. 
 
 An effort has been made to compile the facts 
 contained, in a concise, clear and brief man- 
 ner. This book should be the constant com- 
 panion of the members of the trade, their 
 employees, and their friends. The statements 
 contained are authentic and should be of value 
 and interest to students as well as the average 
 reader. 
 
 Education has solved many questions, but 
 one must know before he can transmit knowl- 
 edge. 
 
 Take this little book; read it; become fa- 
 miliar with its contents and — USE IT. 
 
 ,^ , EDITOR. 
 
THE FOLLOWING STATES TRIED AND RE- 
 
 Pl/DIATED PROHIBITION AND THEN 
 
 REJECTED LATER PROPOSALS. 
 
 Table Gives Dates When Prohibition Law Was 
 Adopted and Rejected. 
 
 Ohio— 1855-1855— Nov. 3, 1914, rejected second 
 proposal; Nov. 3, 1915, again defeated Prohibition. 
 
 Nebraska — 1855, soon repealed; 1880, rejected sec- 
 ond proposal. 
 
 Indiana — 1855 soon repealed; 1882, rejected sec- 
 ond proposal. 
 
 ^lichigan — 1853-1875; 1887, rejected second pro- 
 posal. 
 
 Alassachusetts — 1855-1870; 1339, rejected second 
 proposal. 
 
 Connecticut — 1854-1872; 1889, rejected second pro- 
 posal. 
 
 Rhode Island— 1853-1SG3— 1886-1889. 
 
 THE FOLLOWING SIXTEEN (16) STATES 
 TRIED PROHIBITION, BUT HAVE SINCE 
 RETURNED TO LICENSE AND REGU- 
 LATION. 
 
 Table Gives Dates When Prohibition Law Was 
 Adopted and Repealed. 
 
 South Dakota— 1889-1896. 
 
 Nebraska — 1855 (soon repealed). 
 
 Iowa — 1884 (abandoned in a few years). 
 
 Ilhnois — 1855 (repealed in same year). 
 
 Indiana — 1855 (soon abandoned). 
 
 Ohio — 1855 (repealed in same year). 
 
 Alabama — Repealed Prohibition Law in 1912. 
 
 New York— 1854-1856. 
 
 Vermont— 1852-1903. 
 
 New Hampshire— 1855-1889. 
 
 Massachusetts— 1855-1870. 
 
 Connecticut— 1854-1872. 
 
 Rhode I shind— 1853-1863. 
 
 MarvLind— 1855 (repealed in same year). 
 
 Dchiware— 1855-1857. 
 
 Michigan — 1853-1875. 
 
 4 
 
Are You Directly or Indirectly 
 
 Interested in the Liquor 
 
 Business ? 
 
 If not, read this carefully: 
 
 ^ NATIONAL PROHIBITION would mean 
 the loss of $250,000,000 revenue to the Treas- 
 ury of our National Government. 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION would mean 
 the loss of $21,000,000 revenue to the various 
 States of the Union. 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION would mean 
 the loss of $6,600,000 revenue to the various 
 Counties of the United States. 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION would mean 
 the loss of $52,000,000 revenue to the Munici- 
 palities of the United States. Most of our 
 American municipalities are bonded to the 
 limit; our cities cannot bear the burden of ad- 
 ditional taxes. 
 
 WHO will make up this revenue lost 
 through NATIONAL PROHIBITION? 
 
 WHAT PART WILL YOU HAVE TO 
 PAY? 
 
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THE PROHIBITION MOVEMENT IN THE 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 1808 — First total abstinence society founded in 
 
 America by William Clark. 
 1813 — Society for Suppression of Intemperance or- 
 ganized in Maine. 
 1826 — Society for Promotion of Temperance founded. 
 1851 — Maine adopted Prohibition Law — first State to 
 
 do this. 
 1852 — Vermont follows Maine. 
 
 1853 — Rhode Island and Michigan adopt Prohibition. 
 1854 — Connecticut and New York adopt Prohibition. 
 1855 — New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maryland, 
 
 Delaware, Indiana, Nebraska (soon repealed), 
 
 Ohio and Illinois adopt Prohibition. 
 
 Maryland, Illinois and Ohio repealed the law 
 
 in the same year. 
 
 Wisconsin refused a Prohibition law. 
 1856 — New York repealed the Prohibition law. 
 1857 — Delaware does the same. 
 
 1863 — Rhode Island repudiated the Prohibition law. 
 1869 — National Prohibition Party organized. _ 
 1870 — Massachusetts repudiated the Prohibition law. 
 1872 — Connecticut repealed the law. 
 1875 — Michigan abandoned Prohibition. 
 1876 — First effort made for Federal Prohibition law. 
 1880 — Nebraska defeats a Prohibition proposal by 
 
 45,000 majority. 
 
 Kansas goes "dry" by 7,998 majority. 
 1882 — Indiana defeats efforts to impose Prohibition. 
 1884 — Iowa adopted Prohibition and abandoned it in 
 
 a few years. 
 1886 — Rhode Island again tries Prohibition. 
 1887 — Michigan refuses Prohibition the second time. 
 
 Texas refuses a Prohibition law. 
 1888 — Mississippi "dry" by act of legislature. 
 1889 — New Hampshire, Rhode Island repeal their 
 
 Prohibition laws. 
 
 Connecticut and Pennsylvania and Alassachu- 
 
 setts defeat efforts to impose Prohibition laws. 
 
 South Dakota adopted Prohibition. 
 
 North Dakota adopted Prohibition by 1,159 
 
 majority. 
 1893 — Anti-Saloon League founded in Ohio. 
 1896 — South Dakota returns to license. 
 1903 — Vermont returns to license. 
 1908 — North Carolina votes "dry."^ 
 
 Georgia "dry" by act of Legislature. 
 1909 — Tennessee "dry" by Legislative enactment. 
 
1910 — Missouri defeated Prohibition proposal. 
 
 1911 — Maine retains Prohibition by bare majority of 
 758 votes. 
 
 1912 — Alabama repealed the Prohibition law. 
 Arkansas refused a Prohibition law. 
 
 1914 — Arizona, Colorado, Washington, Oregon, West 
 Virginia and Virginia adopt Prohibition. 
 Ohio, Texas and California defeat Prohibition 
 proposals. 
 
 Hobson's resolution for National Prohibition 
 defeated in Congress. 
 
 1915 — AlaLama, Idaho and Iowa adopted State- 
 wide Prohibition laws by Legislative en- 
 actment, to go into effect in 1916 — with the 
 exception of Alabama. The Legislature of 
 New Hampshire, Wyoming, Minnesota, Flor- 
 ida and Michigan defeated State-wide Prohi- 
 bition bills. 
 
 South Carolina adopted State-Wide Prohibi- 
 tion. Ohio again defeated Prohibition by a 
 large majority. 
 
 STATE SITUATIONS FOR 1916. 
 
 CALIFORNIA — Two amendments to the state con- 
 stitution will be voted upon November 7, 1916. 
 They provide for: "Forbidding dispensing alco- 
 holic liquors in public places after January 1, 
 1918"; and "Prohibiting all manufacture, sale, 
 importation into or transportation within the 
 state after January 1, 1920." 
 
 MONTANA — The State legislature has passed a 
 bill submitting to the people of the state a 
 referendum on state-wide prohibition to be 
 voted on at the next general election, to be held 
 November 7, 1916. 
 
 The law proposed forbids the sale of any 
 liquor containing alcohol if it may be used as a 
 beverage except wine for sacramental pur- 
 poses, etc. 
 
 NEBRASKA— The State under the Initiative and 
 Referendum law will vote on a prohibition 
 amendment to the constitution at the regular 
 election in November, 1916. 
 
 VIRGINIA— Voted for a prohibition law in 1914. 
 The law will not be passed until February, 1916, 
 and will not go into effect until November 1, 1916. 
 
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THE PROHIBITION SITUATION TO DATE. 
 
 Change in State Laws Since 
 January 1, 1915. 
 
 IOWA — The present prohibitory law of Iowa was 
 passed by the Twentieth Assembly in 1884, and 
 has been in operation ever since, but has been 
 modified in its enforcement by the so-called 
 Mulct Law, which, under certain conditions, puts 
 up a bar to prosecutions under the prohibitory 
 law. 
 
 This statute has been repealed, however, by 
 the General Assembly now in session, but such 
 repeal took effect January 1, 1916. 
 
 In February, 1915, the Iowa Legislature voted 
 to submit to the people a constitutional state- 
 wide prohibition amendment to be voted on at 
 the general election in 1917, provided the Legis- 
 lature of 1917 ratifies. Prohibition to become 
 effective January 1, 1918. 
 
 IDAHO— In February, 1915, the Idaho Legislature 
 passed a statutory prohibition law, making the 
 state dry January 1, 1916. It also voted to sub- 
 mit to popular vote, to be taken at the election 
 in November, 1916, on the question of constitu- 
 tional amendment, effective January 1, 1917. 
 
 VERMONT— On March 7, 1916, Vermont rejected 
 state-wide prohibition on a popular vote. The 
 prohibition amendment was first placed on the 
 statute books in 1852, and was repealed in 1903 
 by a majority of 729. In the recent election 
 prohibition was defeated by 13,164. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA— In March, 1915, the Legislature 
 of South Dakota voted to submit to popular vote 
 at the November, 1916, election, a constitutional 
 amendment for state-wide prohibition, which, if 
 passed, will be effective January 1, 1917. 
 
 MONTANA— In February, 1915, the Montana Leg- 
 islature voted to submit to the people at the No- 
 vember, 1916, election, a statutory measure, 
 which, if adopted, makes Montana a prohibition 
 state December 31, 1918. 
 
 Six States Rejected Prohibition. 
 
 WYOMING— In February, 1915, the Senate rejected 
 the Gardner Bill, providing to submit the ques- 
 tion of state-wide prohibition to the voters two 
 years hence. 
 
 11 
 
MINNESOTA— In March, 1915, the Senate rejected 
 a bill proposing a constitutional amendment for 
 state-wide prohibition. The vote was 50 against 
 the measure and 17 for. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE— In March, 1915, the House 
 rejected a state-wide prohibition law. The vote 
 for retaining the license law was 226; for repeal, 
 144 — a majority for license of 82. 
 
 FLORIDA— In April, 1915, the Senate rejected a 
 state-wide prohibition law. 
 
 MICHIGAN— In April, 1915, a state-wide prohibi- 
 tion law was defeated by an overwhelming vote 
 in the Legislature. 
 
 OHIO — November 3, 1915, state-wide prohibition 
 was defeated by a majority of 55,412 votes. 
 
 THE FOLLOWING STATES REJECTED 
 
 STATE-WIDE PROHIBITION ON A 
 
 POPULAR VOTE. 
 
 Election Votes for Votes Against Majority 
 
 States Date Proliibition Proliibition AgainsI 
 
 California Nov. 3,1914 355,536 524,781 169,245 
 
 Texas Tulv 22,1911 231,096 237,393 6,297 
 
 Missouri Nov. 8,1910 207,281 425,406 218,125 
 
 Pennsylvania.. TunelS, 1889 296,617 484,644 188,027 
 
 Arkansas Sept. 9, 1912 69,390 85,358 15,968 
 
 Ohio Nov. 3, 1914 504,177 588,329 84,152 
 
 Ohio Nov. 3, 1915 484,965 540,377 55,412 
 
 Vermont Mar. 7,1916 18,503 31,667 13,164 
 
 THERE ARE 19 "DRY" STATES— BUT 
 WHAT OF IT? 
 
 With the Spread of Prohibition, the Consumption 
 of Liquors Per Capita Has Steadily Increased. 
 
 THAT is to say there are 19 states that have 
 ]'rohibition laws on their statute books, but let 
 us see whether or not the Prohibition laws are 
 effective. We will turn to the highest possible au- 
 thority, namely, the statistician of the United States 
 Census Bureau and the heads of various Govern- 
 ment departments in Washington, D. C. 
 
 Since the birth of the Anti-Saloon League, "dry" 
 territory has increased until today we have in the 
 United States about the same condition that existed 
 fifty years ago, when 16 states adopted Prohibition. 
 All of these states, however, realizing tiie failure of 
 
 12 
 
Prohibition, rejected that fallacious scheme and re- 
 turned to license and regulation. Today we are 
 reading of the crest of another such wave. But 
 how has this Prohibition propaganda affected the 
 consumption of beer, wine and whiskey, which these 
 zealous creatures would have us forego? 
 
 Liquor Consumption Increases. 
 
 The following is taken from the United States 
 Statistical Abstracts for 1914. This table, No. 290, 
 is compiled from the reports of the C®mmissiofter 
 of Internal Revenue. Remembering the beautiful 
 stories of the growth of Prohibition, let us glance at 
 this table. On one side we give the year for which 
 the statistics are taken, and opposite is given the 
 total consumption per capita of these beverages 
 mentioned. 
 
 Total consumption per capita 
 Period. of beer, wine and whiskey 
 
 (in galions). 
 
 1850 4.08 
 
 1860 6.43 
 
 1870 7.70 
 
 1871-18S0 8.79 
 
 1881-1890 13.21 
 
 1891-1895 17.12 
 
 1896 17.12 
 
 1897 16.50 
 
 1898 17.37 
 
 1899 16.82 
 
 1900 17.76 
 
 1901 17.65 
 
 1902 19.14 
 
 1903 19.57 
 
 1904 19.87 
 
 1905 *. 19.85 
 
 1906 21.55 
 
 1907 22.79 
 
 1908 22.22 
 
 1909 21.06 
 
 1910 22.19 
 
 1911 22.79 
 
 1912 21.98 
 
 1913 22.68 
 
 1914 22.50 
 
 The above table shows a steady increase, with the 
 
 exception of the last months of the year 1907, when 
 
 there was a slight falling off in the consumption. 
 
 This was due to the financial panic at that time. 
 
 13 
 
Another decrease occurred in 1914, and the early- 
 months of 1915. This was the direct result of the 
 strict economy practiced by Americans during that 
 period when the war in Europe was affecting busi- 
 ness conditions in the United States. With the re- 
 turn of prosperity, however, there was a return to 
 the increase in consumption of beer, wine and 
 whisky. This is shown by the Internal Revenue 
 receipts of October, November and December, 1915. 
 
 Internal Revenue Receipts Increase. 
 
 The ofificial receipts from spirits during October, 
 1915, were $14,574,710.08, as compared with $11,067,- 
 092.73 for October, 1914, an increase of $3,507,617.35, 
 while fermented liquors brought the government 
 $6,870,892.98, as compared with $6,694,350.63, during 
 October, 1914, an increase of $176,542.35. 
 
 Prohibition has not only failed to cut down the 
 consumption of these legally manufactured bever- 
 ages, but moreover, it has resulted in a tremendous 
 increase in the consumption of beverages illegally 
 manufactured. This form of illegal manufacture 
 seems, in tlie main, to take the form of illicit dis- 
 tilling, which practice is commonly known as 
 "moonshining." 
 
 According to the reports of the United States 
 Commissioner of Internal Revenue, since 1909 there 
 have been 17,475 moonshine stills seized by the 
 revenue officers. The table showing the increase 
 follows: 
 
 Illicit Distilleries Seized During the Last Seven 
 
 Years. 
 Illicit distilleries seized — 
 
 1909 1,^743 1913 2,375 
 
 1910 1,911 1914 2,677 
 
 1911 2,471 1915 3,832 
 
 1912 2,466 
 
 Total 17,475 
 
 According to the 1915 report of the Commissioner 
 of Internal Revenue, on page 153, 3,832 ilHcit dis- 
 tilleries were seized during the fiscal year, as com- 
 pared with 2,677 during 1914. This increase occured 
 wliile more States were adopting Prohibition. Four- 
 fifths of the illicit distilleries were captured in "dry" 
 territory. In Georgia alone 1,212 moonshine stills 
 were reported for seizure. _ 
 
 Expert students of crime say that for every 
 14 
 
criminal detected, five remain undetected. If we 
 apply this ratio to the illicit distilleries in Georgia 
 alone, then there must be about 6,000 dealers of 
 liquor conducting business within the territory of 
 that "dry" State. 
 
 Illicit Distilling Increases. 
 
 In 1914, Wm. H. Osborn, Commissioner of In- 
 ternal Revenue, in his annual report, page 29, under 
 the heading of "Revenue Agents," said in part: 
 
 "Bootlegging is principally carried on in States 
 operating under local prohibition laws, and ap- 
 pears to be one of the hardest propositions that 
 revenue officers are called upon to solve. This 
 class of violators of the internal revenue law are 
 at no time stationary, but move from place to 
 place, offering and selling their wares. It is im- 
 possible, owing to the limited number of revenue 
 officers in the field, to break up this practice 
 entirely, and without the hearty co-operation of 
 the local and State authorities, it is believed that 
 the^ conditions will grow no better. As the 
 various States vote "dry," the operations of the 
 bootlegger grow larger." 
 
 In the report of this same Commissioner for 1915, 
 on page 39, again, under the heading, "Revenue 
 Agents," we read as follows: 
 
 "The business of the moonshiner in whisky 
 in the Southern States, from the number of 
 illicit distilleries reported seized during the fiscal 
 year ended June 30, 1915, appears to be increas- 
 ing." 
 
 Then, after giving the names of the persons killed 
 in connection with the capture of "moonshiners," 
 the Commissioner goes on to say: 
 
 "There does not appear to be any abatement 
 respecting the illegal sale of liquors by "boot- 
 leggers." Many reports are received in this 
 bureau from the lawabiding element throughout 
 the country, reciting conditions as to illegal sales 
 of liquors in the various localities by bootleggers 
 and asking this bureau to assist them in stamp- 
 ing out the conditions complained of. These 
 conditions are largely brought about by failure 
 of local officers to enforce the provisions of 
 the State laws governing the manufacture and 
 sale of liquor." 
 
 15 
 
So with ou.r nineteen "dry" States, we have no par- 
 ticular occasion to be gay, and when the cold facts 
 which appear above are permitted to sink in, any 
 fair-minded individual must admit that Prohibition 
 does not prohibit, whether it is in Tennessee or in 
 Russia, or any place else, where the public will not 
 support such a law. The internal revenue receipts 
 of the United States Government show that the 
 drinking of beer, wine and whisky is steadily in- 
 creasing until today the three great industries en- 
 gaged in making these products are paying over 
 one-third of the total cost of our National Govern- 
 ment — an amount rapidly approaching the half 
 billion mark. 
 
 We hear so much talk of the power of the Anti- 
 Saloon League and the s-trength of the "dry" terri- 
 tory of the United States, that it is worth while to 
 analj'^ze a part of tlie vote taken the last two years 
 on this question. 
 
 "Wet" Majority Twice That of "Dry." 
 
 In the 1914 vote on State-wide Prohibition, the 
 total "dry" majority in the States of Arizona, Colo- 
 rado, Oregon, X'irginia and \\'ashington was 100,203. 
 The total "wet" majority in the States of California, 
 Ohio and Texas was 273,757. The majority of 
 votes against Prohibition in the three States that 
 refused the proposition in 1914 was over twice as 
 large as the majority of votes for the proposition in 
 the five states that adopted Proliibition. 
 
 45,058,304 Voters Rejected Prohibition. 
 
 The sixteen states that have tried Prohibition and 
 returned to the license system, have a combined 
 population of 38,032,302. Add Texas and California, 
 which rejected Prohibition and the combined popu- 
 lation which has repudiated the idea is 45,058,304. 
 The nineteen States which are either now under 
 Prohibition laws, or which have so declared them- 
 selves, have a combined population of 27,344,013. If 
 we take States as a whole, as the Prohibitionists do, 
 in claiming territory and population living under 
 Prohibition law (whether they like it or not) nearly 
 twice as many people have tried and rejected the 
 nostrum as those who are now trying it, and the 
 growth of the idea is backward as well as forward. 
 As the rural States have become urban with great 
 cities, great industries and great commerce, tiiey 
 16 
 
have abandoned Prohibition as not adapted to their 
 needs in the way of law to be respected and obeyed 
 by th'e people. 
 
 Seven States *'Dry" by Act of Legislature. 
 
 Seven of the present nineteen "dry" States, namely 
 those of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, 
 Mississippi and Tennessee, are "dry" by act of Leg- 
 islature; that is, in these States the people have never 
 had an opportunity to vote upoii the question, but 
 Prohibition has been forced upon the citizens by the 
 Legislature. The population of these seven States 
 is 12,853,931. All these people are living under a 
 "dry" regime, without ever having had an oppor- 
 tunity to express their opinions, through the ballot. 
 What has been the result? 
 
 It is also to be noted that the total "dry" popula- 
 tion as represented by the nineteen States in the 
 "dry" column is 27,344,013. The total population in 
 the remaining States that are "licensed" is 64,628,253. 
 In other words, there are twice as many and almost 
 three times as many people living in "wet" territory 
 as there are in "dry" territory in the United States. 
 Attention is called to the fact that a number of 
 the States in the Prohibition column have popula- 
 tions that cannot be compared v/ith the average 
 large city of the United States, for example note 
 the following: 
 
 Arizona (dry) 204,354 
 
 Colorado (dry) 799,024 
 
 Idaho (dry) 325,594 
 
 Maine (dry) 742,371 
 
 N. Dakota (dry) 577,056 
 
 Oregon (dry) 672,765 
 
 The "wet" city of Cincinnati has a greater popula- 
 tion than Arizona and Idaho, both "dry" States. 
 
 One "Wet" City vs. Six "Dry" States. 
 
 In all of the other States in the "dry" column, 
 there is no certain one which has a population as 
 great as 3,000,000. One "wet" city. New York, 
 alone, has a population of 4,766,880, which i.s greater 
 than the combined population of Arizona, Colorado, 
 Idaho, Maine, North Dakota and Oregon, all "dry" 
 States. When we remember that there are almost 
 100,000,000 people in the United States, the inhab- 
 itants in "dry" territory do not loom up to a very 
 great extent. 
 
 17 
 
The Prohibitionists admit that more alcoholic 
 beverages are consumed every year, and that the 
 consumption has doubled since 1890, but they insist 
 that this increased consumption is in the urban 
 territory where they have not Prohibition. Very 
 well. In what has it profited the States that have 
 adopted Prohibition? Not greater prosperity, more 
 religion, less poverty, less divorces, more churches, 
 less crime, less suicide, less insanity! The census 
 figures are all against them. Prohibition does not 
 prohibit any of the evils of civilization. Prohibition 
 is still a rural remedy, which does not appear to be 
 acceptable to urban territory, especially the larger 
 cities. 
 
 The facts given above make it perfectly plain that 
 Prohibition is a failure as a remedy for intemper- 
 ance, which we had been told is the purpose of 
 Prohibition. It is education, and education alone, 
 that will solve the problem of intemperance; and 
 unless the intemperate individual is reminded of the 
 fact that he himself must begin anew his manner of 
 living, then no law will save him. 
 
 Prohibition is now on trial. And the American 
 Public is the judge and jury. We have submitted 
 our testimony, and wc claim that the decision should 
 be in our favor. Prohibition does not prohibit. 
 
 POPULATION OF U. S. WITH PER CENT 
 URBAN. 
 
 "Dry" States in Large Print. 
 
 Statistical Abstracts for 1914. 
 
 1910 1900 1900-1910 1910 
 
 Population Per cent Per cent 
 
 States. °"""- "'''*" 
 
 ALABAMA 2,138.093 1,828,697 16 9 17.3 
 
 ARIZONA 204,354 122,931 66.2 31.0 
 
 ARKANSAS 1.574.449 1,311,564 20.0 12.9 
 
 California 2.:;77.r.49 i.4S.-,,o.-.;! «^().l 61.8 
 
 COLORADO 799,024 539,700 48.0 50.7 
 
 Connecticut 1.114.750 908,420 22.7 89.7 
 
 Delaware 202.:}22 184,7.35 9.5 48.0 
 
 Dist. of Columbia. . .3:>l,0r.9 278.718 18.8 100.0 
 
 Florida T.-.2.tU9 .-.2S..-42 42.4 29.1 
 
 GEORGIA 2.609.121 2,216.331 17.7 20.6 
 
 IDAHO 325,594 161,772 101.3 21.5 
 
 Illinois .'i,G;{8..'')91 4.821. 'jr.O 16.9 61.7 
 
 Indiana 2,700,8Tfi 2..'-.1t>,4r.2 7.3 42.4 
 
 IOWA 2.224.771 2,231.853 0.3 30.6 
 
 KANSAS 1,690,949 1,470,495 15.0 29.2 
 
 IS 
 
Kentucky 2,289,905 2,147,174 6.6 24.3 
 
 Louisiana 1,656,388 1,381,625 19.9 30.0 
 
 MAINE 742,371 694,466 6.9 51.4 
 
 Maryland 1,295,346 1,188,044 9.0 50.8 
 
 Massachusetts 3,366,416 2,805,346 20.0 92.8 
 
 Michigan 2,810,173 2,420,982 16.1 47.2 
 
 Minnesota 2,075,708 1,751,394 18.5 41.0 
 
 MISSISSIPPI .... 1,797,114 1,551,270 15.8 11.5 
 
 Missouri 3,293,335 3,106,665 6.0 42.5 
 
 Montana 376,053 243,329 54.5 35.5 
 
 Nebraska 1,192,214 1,066,300 11.8 26.1 
 
 Nevada 81,875 42,335 93.4 16.3 
 
 New Hampshire. . . 430,572 411,588 4.6 59.2 
 
 New Jersey 2,537,167 1,883,669 34.7 75.2 
 
 New Mexico 327,301 195,310 67.5 14.2 
 
 New York 9,113,614 7,268,894 25.4 78.8 
 
 N. CAROLINA.... 2,206,287 1,893,810 16.5 14.4 
 
 N. DAKOTA 577,056 319,146 80.8 11.0 
 
 Ohio 4,767,121 4,157,545 14.7 55.9 
 
 OKLAHOMA .... 1,657,155 790,391 109.7 19.3 
 
 OREGON 672,765 413,536 62.7 45.6 
 
 Pennsylvania 7,665,111 6,302,115 21.6 60.4 
 
 Rhode Island 542,610 428,556 26.6 96.7 
 
 S. CAROLINA.... 1,515,400 1,340,316 13.1 14.8 
 
 S.Dakota 583,888 401,570 45.4 13.1 
 
 TENNESSEE .... 2,184,789 2,020,616 8.1 20.2 
 
 Texas 3,896,542 3,048,710 27.8 24.1 
 
 Utah 373,351 276,749 34.9 46.3 
 
 Vermont 355.956 343,641 3.6 47.5 
 
 WASHINGTON... 1,141,990 518,103 120.4 53.0 
 
 W. VIRGINIA.... 1,221,119 958,800 27.4 18.7 
 
 VIRGINIA 2,061,612 1,854,184 11.2 23.1 
 
 Wisconsin 2,333,860 2,069,042 12.8 43.0 
 
 Wyoming 145,965 92,531 57.7 29.6 
 
 Total 91,972,266 75-,994,575 21.0 46.3 
 
 Tot. "dry" pop'n 27,344,013 Tot. "wef'pop'n 64,628,253 
 
 COMPENSATION. 
 
 MR. D. CLARENCE GIBBONY, President of the 
 
 Law and Order Society of Philadelphia, Pa., 
 has this to say of compensation: 
 
 "The only effective plan, it seems to me, by which 
 we can permanently get rid of the liquor business is 
 for Pennsylvania to pass a Prohibition amendment 
 to the Constitution — appropriate a sum of money 
 
sufnciently large to meet the requirements — provide 
 for the appointment of some sort of commission with 
 authority to appraise all liquor establishments at 
 their actual value, and in some such manner compen- 
 sate the licensed dealers for some part of the actual 
 cash loss following the dissolution of the partnership, 
 thereby enabling them to engage in some other busi- 
 ness. 
 
 "Even this plan would entail a great loss to the 
 liquor dealer, but he would quit with a part of his in- 
 vestment and could engage in some other occupation 
 — satisfied that he had been accorded a square deal. 
 To ni}^ mind, this is the only honorable way out of a 
 bad situation. If we look carefully at the principles 
 involved and act with less prejudice towards the 
 pei^sons actually licensed to carry on the business, 
 we will see the justice of this proposition. Aloral 
 problems demand righteous settlement and we cannot 
 pretend that the saloon question is none of our fault. 
 I contend that it is all our fault. This being so, we 
 shall obtain freedom from the business only by meth- 
 ods straightforward and clean. Objection to this 
 plan will be made because of the large amount of 
 money necessary for such a big undertaking. I say, 
 we must first ask if it is right to abolish the liquor 
 traffic. Next, whether we are responsible for the 
 existence of the liquor traffic, and then adopt the 
 surest and speediest and most honorable way to end 
 the business. If we have shared in the profits as 
 taxpayers and citizens it is plain we should be 
 willing to stand some loss in closing out the traffic. 
 Great public improvements are provided for by the 
 State at the voters' expense. Anything tliat is nec- 
 essary for the comfort, safety and the convenience 
 of the people is usually arranged for ungrudgingly. 
 
 "I cannot understand how any good citizen, if he 
 comprehends the facts, can approve a partnership 
 which, gives both partners part of the profits, but 
 charges one of the partners with all the losses at 
 the time of dissolution. This is neither just nor 
 equitable. So, therefore, it cannot be the right way 
 out. 
 
 "The only course left for us is to support a square 
 deal abolition of the liquor traffic." 
 
 A\'hcn the Swiss General Assembly passed a Fed- 
 eral law Tune 4, 1910, providing for the prohibition 
 of absintiic, a Federal decree was also passed pro- 
 
 20 
 
viding for the payment of indemnities to compensate 
 those who had invested their wealth in the business. 
 
 In February, 1915, a measure was passed by the 
 French Chamber of Deputies which allowed the sum 
 of 14,800,000 francs (approximately $2,965,000) as 
 compensation to manufacturers and dealers in ab- 
 sinthe for the extinction of their business. 
 
 In England the licenses are distributed among the 
 saloons at regular intervals known as Brewster Ses- 
 sions. The authorities reserve the right to grant or 
 refuse as many licenses as they think best. 
 
 However, those saloon keepers who are refused a 
 renewal of their license are given compensation for 
 their loss. Iv. the year 1909, 625,001 pounds (approxi- 
 mately $3,125,000) was the amount paid as compen- 
 sation money by the authorities in England. 
 
 When the ban was placed on the sale of vodka In 
 Russia, compensation was not necessary, for the 
 vodka business was owned by the Russian Govern- 
 ment and the abolition of the business w^orked no 
 injury to any private citizen. 
 
 The citizens of the United States should ever keep 
 in mind when discussing Prohibition the fact that 
 it would not be fair nor just nor American to destroy 
 a man's investment, his business, his good will, and 
 to rob many homes of their incomes without pro- 
 viding proper compensation for all this loss. 
 
 THE FARMER. 
 
 ACCORDING to the United States Statistical ab- 
 stracts, there are three hundred thousand farm- 
 ers raising corn, barley, rye, hops and fruits that go 
 into the production of liquor. They receive in prices 
 from the liquor interests of the country two hundred 
 million dollars annually. Destroy this market and 
 you reduce their purchasing powers two hundred 
 million dollars a year. This means a corresponding 
 reduction in the volume of all business — the output 
 of the mines, mills and factories. When you hear a 
 Prohibition speech you would imagine that only corn 
 and only a small per cent of that is used in the pro- 
 duction of liquor. They do not tell you the whole 
 truth. They never intimate that barley, rye, hops 
 and fruits go into the production of liquor. We are 
 not afrai'^l of the whole truth. The brewers and dis- 
 tillers of Peoria alone consume the entire surplus 
 corn crop of Iowa and Illinois after feeding and seed- 
 ing. Figure up what that means in dollars and cents 
 to the farmers of this country. 
 
 21 
 
"FREEDOM OF CHOICE." 
 
 r^UR religion is based on freedom of choice. It is 
 ^-^ for us to choose bad or good, according to our 
 definition of the same. Men and women cannot be 
 legislated into Goodness nor into Salvation. 
 
 If we lose control of ourselves, the mind and body- 
 run riot. Self-control, combined with temperance, in 
 the individual, is the basis of society's moral success. 
 Prohibition begins at the wrong end. 
 
 The Prohibitionist believes — "Law, then public 
 sentiment" — whether or no. This is far from the 
 idea of those who fought for us in 1776. 
 
 IDLENESS CAUSE OF CRIME. 
 
 "THE assertion that liquor causes 75 to 90 per cent 
 ^ of crime is proved upon investigation to be false. 
 "Idleness, not intoxicating liquor, is the 
 greatest cause of crime," declares District 
 Judge John A. Perry, as a result of his observa- 
 tions during one year's service as presiding 
 judge in the West Side Criminal Court. 
 
 Drink Seldom the Cause. 
 
 "What causes criminals? Not whisky. Crime 
 is generally charged to whisky. I thought so 
 until I went to the West Side Court and pre- 
 sided for more than a year and had every kind 
 of a criminal before me. There were few cases 
 before me for which drink was responsible. 
 I would say that 10 per cent would be a large 
 ratio to give to liquor as the cause of crime. 
 I would like to say that liquor is responsible 
 for crime and would like to say that prohibition 
 will lessen crime in this state, but I am sorry 
 that I cannot say it conscientiously. 
 
 "Then what is the cause of crime? Idleness. 
 Ninety per cent of crime is caused by idleness — 
 city idleness. I have talked with Judge Butler 
 and other judges who have presided in tlie West 
 Side Court and they agree that whisky and 
 strong drink is not the great cause of crime. 
 The two often go together, but we cannot say 
 truthfully that drink causes over 10 per cent of 
 the crime. 
 
 22 
 
Bootlegger Causes Crime. 
 
 "Yes, I am sorry, but we cannot lay crime to 
 drink, and I am also sorry that I do not antici- 
 pate a reduction of crime through prohibition 
 in Colorado. If drink has anything to do with 
 it, I should fear an increase in crime. Good 
 whisky is bad enough and has its evil effects, 
 but bad whiskey, which usually is sold in prohi- 
 bition districts, they say is the limit. And, the 
 'bootlegger' will sell whiskey to anybody. 
 
 "A drunkard or child — any one who has the 
 price — can buy the stuff from a 'bootlegger,' 
 while a regular saloon-keeper, if he is decent, 
 is inclined to draw the line. The 'bootlegger* 
 knows he is an outlaw and does not stop at any- 
 thing." 
 
 MORE POLICEMEN REQUIRED IN "DRY" 
 CITIES. 
 
 i fc PROHIBITION cities are not law abiding cities; 
 ■^ prohibition States are not leaders in virtue. 
 They lynch almost as many in prohibition Missis- 
 sippi as are killed in license Philadelphia, despite 
 the fact that the populations are about the same 
 and congested centers usually breed crime. Nor 
 must it be forgotten that a lynching has always been 
 preceded by another crime. One policeman for 
 every 981 of your population suffices for Minne- 
 apolis; one is needed to each 809 in bankrupt pro- 
 hibition Nashville, one for every 735 in Memphis, 
 and 'dry' Atlanta needs one for every 647 of her 
 inhabitants." — C. M. Bryan, City Attorney, Mem- 
 phis, Tenn. 
 
 CRIME. 
 
 T TNITED STATES statistical abstracts show that 
 ^ in 1912 dry Memphis had 64 murders per 100,000 
 population and wet Milwaukee had only 4. In dry 
 Atlanta, the home of Sam Small, the Prohibition agi- 
 tator, located in the State that Seaborn Wright claims 
 to have rescued from the demon rum, there were in 
 1912, 39 murderers per 100,000 of population, and in 
 wet Philadelphia 2, while Chicago had only 9. How 
 can these facts be reconciled with the idea that you 
 
 178.1 " 
 
get rid of 90% of crime when you destroy the legiti- 
 mate saloon? 
 
 The fact of the matter is that neither the 
 United States Government nor prominent students of 
 criminology make statements that alcohol is to any 
 large extent responsible for crime. E. H. Wines in 
 his "Punishment and Reformation" strikes the nail 
 on the head when he says, "Much crime, has grown 
 and will continue to grow out of the unsettled rela- 
 tions, the perpetual and bitter conflict between capi- 
 tal and labor or employees and their employers. 
 Constant employment and adequate remuneration 
 strongly tend to subdue the impulse to theft and 
 violence." Mr. Wines was special agent of the 
 Eleventh United States Census on Crime and he 
 knows what he is talking about. 
 
 PROHIBITION NOT WANTED BY 
 PROHIBITIONISTS. 
 
 THE Anti-Saloon League, its leaders and their al- 
 lied forces do not want absolute Prohibition. 
 They only want to stop the lawful manufacturing of 
 liquors. 
 
 The Hobson resolution submitted to Congress in 
 1914 reads as follows: 
 
 "Resolved by the Senate and House of Represen- 
 tatives of the United States of America, in Congress 
 assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring 
 therein). That the following amendment of the Con- 
 stitution be, and hereby is, proposed to the States, to 
 become valid as a part of the Constitution when rati- 
 fied by the Legislatures of the several Slates as 
 provided by the Constitution: 
 
 Section 1. Tlic sale, manufacture for sale, trans- 
 portation for sale, importation for sale of intoxicat- 
 ing liquors for beverage purposes in the United 
 States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction 
 thereof and exportation thereof arc forever pro- 
 hibited. 
 
 Section 2. Tiie Congress of the States shall have 
 power independently or concurrently to enforce this 
 article by all needful legislation. 
 
 How would ©ne be able to obtain liquors lawfully 
 if nation-wide Prohibition should become a reality? 
 
 The popular impression seems to be that an era 
 of enforced abstinence would follow the adoption of 
 
the Hobson amendment or of a similar measure, but 
 a careful reading of the wording of the proposed 
 change in the Constitution reveals some facts to the 
 contrary. Also a glance at the Congressional Record 
 will throw some white light on the situation. For 
 instance, it will be noted that the amendment would 
 not prohibit the manufacture, importation or trans- 
 portation of liquor for use. 
 
 This was not an oversight, but, on the contrary, 
 was the result of much thought and consultation. 
 
 Mr. Hobson, author of the Prohibition amendment, 
 is not in favor of any attempt to have the Constitu- 
 tion prohibit the use of liquors. 
 
 When the measure was being discussed by the 
 House Committee on Judiciary Mr. Hobson said, in 
 answer to a question as to the extent of the prohi- 
 bition of the manufacture of liquor: 
 
 "You could manufacture it for use — not for sale." 
 
 Later on, when the measure was up for a vote in 
 the House, Mr. Mann, of Illinois, asked Mr. Hobson 
 if he was in favor of having the Constitution prohibit 
 the .use of intoxicating liquors. "I am against it," 
 said Mr. Hobson, who then proceeded to explain that 
 "the object of forbidding the sale is to avoid even a 
 suspicion of any desire to impose sumptuary legisla- 
 tion upon the American people or invade the rights 
 of the individual and home." 
 
 Thus it seems to be established that the citizen 
 w^ould have a right not only to use liquors, but to 
 manufacture them for his own use. 
 
 Also he would not be denied the right to import 
 liquors for his own use, and, inferentially, for the 
 use of his family. 
 
 It will be noted that the amendment does not 
 forbid the manufacture, transportation and importa- 
 tion of liquors for sale except for beverage purposes, 
 and this it appears would legalize the manufacture, 
 transportation and importation of liquors for sale for 
 other purposes, such as medicinal, sacramental, me- 
 chanical, pharmaceutical and scientific purposes, and 
 also for use in the arts. 
 
 THE INJUSTICE OF A NATIONAL PROHI- 
 BITION AMENDMENT. 
 
 IN an interview in December, 1914, former Gover- 
 nor Malcolm R. Patterson, of Tennessee, now an 
 Anti-Saloon League speaker, is quoted as follows: 
 
"We are working for an amendment to the Con- 
 stitution of the United States prohibiting the manu- 
 facture and sale of alcohoHc beverages. It must 
 pass each House of Congress by a two-thirds vote. 
 When that occurs the amendment will go to the 
 Legislatures of the States. If three-fourths of the 
 States by their Legislatures accept or ratify the 
 amendment, it will become a part of the organic law 
 of the nation. The votes of 36 States are necessary 
 for the ratification of the amendment.'* 
 
 This is the legal method of procedure to place an 
 amendment in the Constitution of the United States. 
 Later, however, in the interview, the Governor is 
 quoted as saying: "Besides, if the liquor business is 
 broken up by an amendment to the Constitution, it 
 will mean that a large majority of the voters of the 
 United States have ordered that it be broken up." 
 
 Is this true that "a large majority of the voters of 
 the United States would then have ordered the busi- 
 ness broken up?" In the Governor's own words the 
 amendment goes to the "Legislature of the States" 
 and must be ratified by a three-fourths vote of the 
 "Legislatures" of the States before it becomes a part 
 of the organic law. 
 
 Is the Legislature necessarily synonymous with 
 the will of the majority of the voters of the States 
 it represents? How many times does history show 
 Legislatures that took matters in their own hands 
 and took action directly against the will of the ma- 
 jority of the voters that had elected the Legislature? 
 jMorcovcr, in the ratification of the amendment, 
 Nevada with 81,875 inliabitants will have just as much 
 of a vote as New York with 9,113,270 inhabitants, and 
 it could easily come to pass that tlic 12 largest 
 States, with 15,000,000 voters, would be outvoted by 
 11,000,000 voters of the 36 smaller States. 
 
 Then, an amendment providing for National Pro- 
 hibition might not necessarily be the result of the 
 demands of a "large majority of the voters of the 
 United States." 
 
 There is another injustice in the method employed 
 in placing an amendment in the United States Con- 
 stitution. There is no limit to the time in which the 
 States may ratify an amendment after it has been 
 submitted by Congress. 
 
 If the Hobson Prohibition amendment, for exam- 
 ple, should get a two-thirds vote in both Houses of 
 
Congress, there would be no question but that it 
 would some time catch a majority vote in the Legis- 
 latures of three-fourths of the States. The pro- 
 ponents of the project could keep pushing their 
 cause, year after year, until that result had been 
 reached, all favorable votec counting toward ratifi- 
 cation, while unfavorable votes meant merely a post- 
 ponement of the question. And the situation is the 
 same with other projected changes. 
 
 A National Prohibition Amendment made law by 
 the above unfair, unjust and un-American process 
 would never receive the endorsement or support of 
 the American people. 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION A FARCE. 
 
 TTNDER National Prohibition the Government 
 ^ would recognize the right of the individual to 
 operate his own still, and the mountaineer could 
 distill his corn without interference. However, the 
 making of whisky would not be confined to the 
 mountains nor to the mountaineers. Under the law 
 everyone would have the right to make wine, beer, 
 brandy, wdiisky or hard cider, and it is not, difficult 
 to make these beverages. 
 
 To make whisky, the equipment needed is a mash 
 tub, a copper kettle, a twisted pipe, some cold water, 
 a hot fire and some corn. 
 
 The making of wine and cider is so simple that a 
 recipe would be superfluous. 
 
 For those who have no skill in the preparation of 
 even the simplest beverages there is the probability 
 that supplies will be forthcoming through the co- 
 operative plan. 
 
 Lawyers say that if one citizen will have the 
 right to make liquors, then two or more citizens will 
 have the right to unite in the making of liquors, either 
 personally or through agents. 
 
 Thus it may be that those who do not care to 
 embark personally in the manufacture of wine, beer 
 or whisky can obtain these liquors by buying stock 
 in co-operative breweries, wineries and distilleries. 
 
 LIQUOR AND LONGEVITY. 
 
 A LL the statistics that follow are from the report 
 ^ of the Bureau of Census on Mortality Statistics 
 for 1912. The total number of deaths in 1912 for the 
 
registration area was 828,251, a decrease of 1,033 
 since 1911, and 1911 shows a lower rate than any 
 previous year on record. The United States in 1911 
 ha^ a death rate of 14.2% per 1,000 population. This 
 rate is lower than that of Austria, Ireland, England, 
 France, the German Empire, Hungar\% Italy, Japan 
 or Spain. Our death rate as a nation is lower than 
 any other nation of equal importance as a world 
 power. 
 
 Now if the death rate in the United States is 
 decreasing and the consumption of liquor is increas- 
 ing, what is the connection? If any, it is that the 
 temperate and general use of wine, beer and whisky 
 is productive of longevity. This is true in Belgium. 
 In that country the children are given their beer as 
 our children are given milk, yet in Belgium there 
 are more people over 80 years of age than in any 
 other country on the globe. It is interesting to note 
 that the "we." States and cities in practically all 
 cases have a lesser death rate than the localities 
 living under Prohibition laws. 
 
 HOBSON DEMANDS WHISKEY FOR 
 HIS MEN. 
 
 ** I DEMAND wliisky for my men who have long 
 
 * been exposed in the water." 
 
 Such is the statement credited to Richard P. 
 Hobson by one of the famous crew of seven that 
 sank the Merrimac in the Spanish-American war, 
 immediately after that great exploit. 
 
 Here is the story as it appeared in the New York 
 Herald of July 9, 1898. 
 
 With Admiral Sampson's Fleet off Santiago, Thurs- 
 day by the Herald Dispatch Boat Sommers N. 
 Smith, to Port Antonio, Jamaica, Friday. 
 Every one of the seven brave men who went with 
 
 Assistant Naval Instructor Hobson on the Merrimac 
 
 is loud in his praise of Hobson's course during their 
 
 now historic exploit. 
 
 I had chats with the members of Hobson's crew 
 
 today and they added some interesting details to the 
 
 story as I sent it to the Herald from Hobson's own 
 
 lips last night. 
 
 28 
 
High Praise for Hobson. 
 
 "No braver or cooler man than Hobson ever 
 lived," said John Kelly. "If it had not been for 
 him matters would have gone much harder with us." 
 
 "Yes," said John P. Phillips, chiming in, "he is a 
 wonderful man. It is simply a miracle that all of 
 us escaped without injury. When the Merrimac ran 
 into the harbor Hobson stood on the bridge, smiling 
 as he looked through his glasses and saw how well 
 we were progressing. He kept the collier headed 
 straight toward the channel and never faltered when 
 bullets and shells came falling about him." 
 
 Whisky Immediately Demanded. 
 
 "And later on, when we were taken aboard the 
 Reina Mercedes, dressed only in wet underwear 
 which had been cut off at the knees, Hobson, as 
 calm as ever, walked up to the commander of the 
 Spanish vessel, saluted him and said: 
 
 " 'I demand whisky for my men who have been 
 long exposed in the water.' " 
 
 "From the Reina Mercedes," Phillips continues, 
 "we were 'sent to Moro Castle and kept_ in a vile 
 place. Our guards kept making signs intimating 
 that they would hang us." 
 
 HOBSON'S "2,000 A DAY." 
 
 PvURING the debates, on the floor of the House of 
 '-^ Representatives, on the proposed Constitutional 
 amendment for National Prohibition, Tuesday, De- 
 cember 22, 1914, Mr. Hobson, the author of the meas- 
 ure, made some atrocious misstatements. 
 
 Chief among these alleged truths is the statement 
 of Mr. Hobson that "Alcohol averages 2,000 Amer- 
 icans a day. Alcohol kills fully 730,000 American 
 citizens every year." 
 
 Remembering Mr. Hobson's statement of "2,000" 
 deaths per day from alcohol, we turn to the 1912 
 Mortality Statistics of the United States Bureau of 
 the Census for the authenticity of his figures. Here 
 we discover some remarkable facts, which illuminate 
 Mr. Hob-son's wholesale prevarications. 
 
 The registration area for deaths is composed of 
 twenty-three (23) States, nineteen (19) of which are 
 licenses States and four (4) Prohibition States. 
 
 29 
 
%of 
 Population Total 
 
 Registration Area for deaths, 1912 . . 60,427,133 63.2 
 Non-Registration Area for deaths. .31,545,133 36.8 
 Deaths from all causes in registration area. . .838,251 
 Deaths from all causes under five years (^ 
 
 of total deaths) 204,679 
 
 Deaths from all causes over five years of age. ..633,612 
 
 Seven-tenths of one per cent (.7%) of the entire 
 
 population in the United States died in 1912. 
 
 As no United States statistics are available for the 
 
 non-registration area the percentage of deaths in the, 
 
 registration area may be used to determine the deaths 
 
 in the non-registration States. 
 
 If seven-tenths of one per cent (.7%) of the 
 population of the non-registration area 
 died in 1912, the number of the deaths 
 would be about 400,000 
 
 According to the ratio in the registration area 
 about one-fourth (14) of the total deaths are 
 of children under five j^ears of age, which 
 in the non registration States would be 
 about 100,000 
 
 Total number of deaths in the non-registration 
 
 area over five years of age 300,000 
 
 Total number of deaths in registration area 
 
 over five years of age 633,612 
 
 Total number of deaths of persons over five 
 years of age from all causes for all States 
 in the Union (1912) 933,613 
 
 Total number of deaths from all causes in the 
 
 United States per day 2,500 
 
 Mr. Hobson says total number of alcoholic 
 
 deaths in the United States per day 2,000 
 
 Total number of deaths per day in the United 
 States from the one hundred and eighty-eight 
 (188) other causes listed in Mortality Stat- 
 istics according to Mr. Hobson would be 
 ONLY - 500 
 
 According to Air. Hobson, 730,000 of the 933,612 
 deaths in the United States from all causes arc due 
 to alcoholism. 
 
 On page 118 of the Mortality Statistics for 1912 
 we find: 
 
 "No 56 — Alcoholism (acute and chronic) 3,183 
 
 We may double this amount to 6,000 to account 
 for possible alcoholic deaths in the non-registration 
 area. Even then Mr. Hobson's figures gives 724,000 
 
MORE deaths from alcoholism than do the statistics 
 of the United States Government. 
 
 This is ONE instance of the Hobsonian method, 
 but it is a good example of his usual disregard for 
 truth. 
 
 JESS WILLARD DOES NOT FAVOR 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 TTTE Detroit Journal, May 29, 1915, publishes an 
 •*• interview with Jess Willard, the noted champion, 
 whose private car was then in Detroit. 
 
 "There were no wines or liquors on the car," 
 said the Journal, "but Willard disclaims any allegi- 
 ance to the prohibition cause, even though he was 
 brought up in one of the original prohibition States 
 — Kansas. 
 
 "There is more bad liquor sold in Kansas than in 
 any other State in the Union, despite the ban against 
 the stuff that inebriates," says Jess. "I am for regu- 
 lation of a proper character." 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 l/'ANSAS is the favorite "dry" example which the 
 -^^^ Prohibitionist uses. The United States Stat- 
 istical Abstracts for 1913 show that Kansas is far 
 from being the model State that the uninitiated are 
 apt to believe. 
 
 When "dry" Kansas is compared with the "Avet" 
 States some interesting fisfures are revealed. It is 
 also to be noticed that the Prohibitionist never shouts 
 of Maine, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia, West Vir- 
 ginia and other "dry" States, but holds up Kansas 
 as the "seventh Heaven." 
 
 Therefore, proof that Kansas is not the angel 
 State of America is proof that no "dry" State holds 
 that position. 
 
 The Anti-Saloon League Year Book is the ac- 
 knov\'ledged authority of the Prohibitionists to show 
 that Prohibition is the State of health and happiness 
 and prosperity. This little volume gives many pages 
 of statistics to prove its claim, and yet some of the 
 figures, while correct and official, have been used 
 without realizing that they prove the contrary of 
 the text. For instance, Kansas is held as the model 
 Prohibition State, and the real Land of Canaan among 
 the ungodlj'- States of the West. 
 
 But the editor of the year book did not select his 
 statistics with care to demonstrate his assertions. 
 
 SI 
 
He argues that tke health, happiness and prosperity 
 of the people are measured by the occupants of the 
 penitentiaries, the insane asylums, the poor-houses 
 and the number of children in the homes that give 
 a guarantee against race suicide. After making this 
 argument so convincing that no sane man deny 
 it, the Anti-Saloon League Year Book presents these 
 figures for the year 1910: 
 
 Kansas Nebraska 
 Prisoners per 100,000 population. 85.4 55.2 
 
 Paupers per 100,000 population.. . 43.5 46.2 
 
 Insane per 100,000 population... 172.2 167.0 
 
 Number of persons to 100 families 427.3 449.0 
 
 These figures are strangely confusing when taken 
 into consideration with the text of the argument that 
 Prohibition is a sure protection against crime, pau- 
 perism, insanity and race suicide. The first group 
 of figures shows that "dry" Kansas had more crime 
 and more prisoners in her penitentiaries and jails 
 than "wet" Nebraska. The third group shows that 
 "dry" Kansas had more insane than "wet" Nebraska. 
 
 TOPEKA, KANSAS. 
 
 Read this: 
 
 Senator Joseph L. Bristow, of Kansas, in debate 
 over District of Columbia Prohibition measure, Jan- 
 uary 15, 1915: 
 
 "I am glad to say that I live in a State where 
 men and women have been born and have grown 
 to manhood and womanhood and have never seen 
 a saloon. It is a disgrace to the nation that when 
 they come to visit its capital these sources of 
 moral pestilence to society should be open, and 
 thereby invite them to enter and corrupt their 
 morals and debase their natures." 
 From Congressional Record, page 16S3. 
 
 Then read this: 
 
 Population (1910 Federal Census): 
 
 Cincinnati 363,591 
 
 Topcka 43,684 
 
 Arrests for drunkenness (1914): 
 
 Cincinnati 1,358 
 
 Topcka 6S1 
 
 How drunkenness arrests compare: 
 
 Cincinnati — One for every 267 residents. 
 Topcka — One for every 04 residents. 
 
 2'> 
 
NOTE — In making this comparison, it must be 
 kept in mind that, as the only legal way to get liquor 
 in Kansas is by shipment from outside the State, 
 there is, beyond all doubt, a greater tendency to 
 secret drinking in the homes and elsewhere than 
 there \vould be in a license community like Cincin- 
 nati. Topeka arrests are likely therefore not to be 
 an entirely adequate index to the actual amount of 
 drunkenness in the capital of the State that has had 
 "Prohibition" for some 35 years and that is lauded 
 by Prohibitionists as the banner Prohibition State. 
 
 Remember, also, that Cincinnati is a big city, 
 with all the drawbacks incident to a congested city 
 population, while Topeka is a small city. 
 
 KANSAS VERSUS THE LICENSE STATES. 
 The Case Against Prohibition Ka-nsas. 
 
 (NOTE — The States referred to as "License 
 States" were license at the time these reports were 
 made.) 
 
 Mr. Royal E. Cabell, expert statistician and for- 
 mer United States Commissioner of Internal Reve- 
 nue, has made an authoritative analysis of official 
 records from Washington, D. C, showing the posi- 
 tion of "dry" Kansas as compared with the license 
 States. 
 
 Mr. Cabell's statistics are taken from the 1910 
 Census of the United States Government and the 
 official records are from the Census Bureau in Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 The States which are referred to as license States 
 had "license" lav/s at the time when the 1910 Census 
 was taken. Therefore, despite subsequent changes 
 in the law of these States, it is permissible to 
 make this comparison showing the social conditions 
 in "dry" Kansas and the license States in 1910. 
 
 Insanity. 
 
 Kansas had 172.3 insane per 100,000 population in 
 
 State and private hospitals. Ten license States with 
 better records were: 
 
 New Mexico 68.43 Kentucky 155.17 
 
 Wyoming 115.71 Utah 92.43 
 
 Florida 113.20 Texas 104.19 
 
 Louisiana 130.78 S. Dakota 148.96 
 
 Indiana 167.66 Nebraska 167.22 
 
Pauperism. 
 
 Kansas had a rate of 43.49 per 100,000 population 
 which was greater than the rates of the following 
 SIX license states: 
 
 Louisiana 11.33 Florida 27.60 
 
 S.Dakota 25.00 Minnesota 33.18 
 
 Wyoming 13.57 Texas 22.13 
 
 Divorces. 
 
 The average annual divorce rate per 100,000 popu- 
 lation from 1898 to 1902 for Kansas was 286. Twenty- 
 three license states which had smaller average di- 
 vorce rates for this same period were (per 100,000 
 population): 
 
 Rhode Island 281 Ohio ZZl 
 
 New Hampshire 272 Minnesota 161 
 
 Kentucky 237 ^Massachusetts 124 
 
 Florida 226 Pennsylvania 94 
 
 New Mexico 193 New Jersey 60 
 
 Vermont 177 New York 60 
 
 Louisiana 127 Utah 274 
 
 Maryland 114 Illinois 267 
 
 Delaware 43 Nebraska 226 
 
 Missouri 281 Wisconsin 180 
 
 S.Dakota 270 Connecticut 130 
 
 Michigan 257 
 
 The percentage of divorces granted to wives for 
 cruelty from 1887 to 1906 for Kansas was 24.3. 
 Fifteen license states with a better record were: 
 
 Montana 22.7 Ohio 22.6 
 
 New Alexico 14.8 Kentucky 20.2 
 
 Florida 13.5 Connecticut 19.8 
 
 Delaware 10.4 Wyoming 15.9 
 
 Maryland 2.7 Utah 12.3 
 
 Massachusetts 22.4 Louisiana 9.9 
 
 Rhode Island 11.4 New Jersey 19 
 
 New York 7.1 
 
 Church Membership. 
 
 The percentage of church membership to the total 
 population in Kansas was 28.4. Twenty-eight license 
 states, having a greater percentage of church mem- 
 bership in proportion to the population, were: 
 
 New Mexico 63.3 Minnesota 41.2 
 
 Massachusetts 51.3 Micliigan 38.0 
 
 New York 43.7 Indiana 34.6 
 
Vermont 43.0 
 
 New Jersey 39.0 
 
 Illinois 38.3 
 
 Kentucky 37.0 
 
 Nevada 35.3 
 
 Texas 34.7 
 
 Nebraska 33.4 
 
 Utah _ 54.6 
 
 Louisiana 50.6 
 
 Wisconsin 44.3 
 
 Pennsylvania 43.0 
 
 Maryland 37.1 
 
 Florida 35.2 
 
 Rhode Island 54.0 
 
 Connecticut 50.0 
 
 New Hampshire 44.0 
 
 Ohio 39.2 
 
 California 37.1 
 
 Delaware 36.6 
 
 South Dakota 34.8 
 
 Missouri 35.7 
 
 Montana 32.6 
 
 Juvenile Delinquents. 
 
 The rate of juvenile delinquents in Kansas was 
 25.68 per_ 100,000 population. Nine license states 
 with less juvenile delinquents were: 
 
 Louisiana 6.90 
 
 Florida 13.06 
 
 Utah '20.81 
 
 Texas 4.75 
 
 Minnesota 18.93 
 
 Montana 23.51 
 
 S. Dakota 17.75 
 
 New Mexico 5.31 
 
 Nebraska 11.17 
 
 Murder. 
 
 Kansas had 11.36 murders per 100,000 population. 
 The nineteen states that had less homicides in pro- 
 portion to the population were: 
 
 New Mexico 3.00 
 
 New Hampshire. . . 4.40 
 
 Utah 6.21 
 
 Minnesota 6.66 
 
 Pennsylvania 6.99 
 
 Ohio 7.47 
 
 Vermont 7.71 
 
 Connecticut 10.81 
 
 Wisconsin 6.22 
 
 Rhode Island 6.66 
 
 Indiana 9.62 
 
 Massachusetts 4.28 
 
 South Dakota 6.03 
 
 New York 6.24 
 
 Nebraska 6.97 
 
 New Jersey 7.31 
 
 Michigan 7.65 
 
 Delav/are 10.00 
 
 Illinois 11.29 
 
 Prisoners of All Kinds. 
 
 Kansas had a rate of 90.94 prisoners of all kinds 
 per 100,000 population. Six license states having 
 less prisoners in proportion to the population were: 
 
 Wisconsin 71.88 Nebraska 55.12 
 
 South Dakota 48.10 Minnesota 77.92 
 
 Ohio 84.13 IlHnois 90.78 
 
Savings Accounts. 
 
 The report of the Comptroller of the Currency giv- 
 ing the number of savings depositors in mutual and 
 stock savings banks all over the country on June 4, 
 1913, shows that Kansas had 1,148 savings depositors 
 for each 100,000 of population. The twenty-four 
 license states having a greater number of depositors 
 in proportion to the population than Kansas, were 
 (per 100,000): 
 
 Alassachusetts 63,411 New York 32,065 
 
 Vermont 32,167 Minnesota 5,320 
 
 Delaware 16,362 Kentucky 1,819 
 
 Louisiana 7,545 Wyoming 1,405 
 
 Pennsylvania 6,064 Indiana 1,219 
 
 Wisconsin 3,158 New Hampshire.. .47,581 
 
 Nebraska 1,669 California 31,562 
 
 New Mexico 1,483 ^Maryland 20,939 
 
 Montana 1,260 Utah 12,714 
 
 Connecticut 52,200 Michigan 6,452 
 
 Rhode Island 25,312 Ohio 6,676 
 
 New Jersey 12,735 Nevada 1,819 
 
 GREAT MEN AND TEMPERANCE. 
 
 T S it not strange that wet England produced a 
 *• Shakespeare, wet Germany a Schiller, a Bis- 
 marck, wet America a Jefferson, a Washington and 
 a Lincoln, while prohibition Turkey never produced 
 a single great man in all the centuries since Mo- 
 hammed?" 
 
 Its religion and civilization both rest upon pro- 
 hibition. The beer drinking Rulgars were more 
 than a match for the dry Turks. There is today 
 not a single example of superior manhood in the 
 Turkish Empire. The prohibition Turks trail at the 
 tail end of civilization. They arc inferior in every- 
 thing except bigotry, brutality and ignorance. Pro- 
 hibition has utterly failed to elevate the standard 
 of manhood and morality in the only country in 
 the world where it is a success. 
 
 It is a matter of history that very few really 
 great men were total abstainers. Men of character 
 and ability, like Gladstone, Asquith and Salisbury; 
 giants of intellect like Carlyle, Macaulay, Tennyson, 
 Bismarck, Milton, Shakespeare, Luther, Bunyan, 
 Wellington, Pitt, Socrates, Napoleon, Darwin, Dick- 
 ens, and a host of others, were temperate, but not 
 total abstainers. / 
 
 SG 
 
K 
 
 Webster, Hawthorne and Clay were never total 
 abstainers, 
 
 Washington and Jefferson owned distilleries, and 
 Lincoln ran a tavern in Salem at one time during 
 his career. 
 
 RUSSIA AND PROHIBITION. 
 
 The Montgomery, Alabama, Advertiser, in its 
 issue of February 8, 1915, has the following to say 
 of prohibition in Russia: 
 
 'USSIA'S imperial decreee, issued six months 
 ago ordering prohibition of the sale and 
 manufacture of vodka in that empire, presents 
 one ©f the most interesting experiments yet 
 tried in man's long conflict with intemperance. 
 It is not just to say that prohibition has beei? 
 either a full success or a complete failure in 
 Russia; it has not entirely banished intemper- 
 ance, and it may have conferred some benefits. 
 
 The reports from Petrograd show that no 
 less than 1,800 moonshine vodka stills have been 
 located by Russian officers in the past six months. 
 In addition the Ways and Means Committee 
 of the Russian Duma has found it necessary to 
 adopt radical means for replacing the revenue 
 once drawn by the Government from the sale 
 of vodka. These means involve the Government 
 assuming a monopoly on tea, tobacco, oil, 
 matches and insurance of every kind. This 
 means that the Government will assume com- 
 plete charge of these commodities, their manu- 
 facture and sale; it means that men now engaged 
 in the business of dealing in these commodities 
 \vill be forced to retire. Employees in such busi- 
 ness, however, in many instances will find jobs 
 v/ith the Government. Such a measure as is 
 proposed by the Russian Duma would not be 
 tolerated in America. This brings up the inter- 
 esting fact that prohibition is being tried under 
 most favorable auspices in Russia. The country 
 is a rank autocracy. There are no hereditary 
 rights of liberty, such as the people of America 
 believe in, that the rulers of Russia are bound 
 to respect. 
 
 "An imperial decree Is all that Is needed to 
 make a law. Again, the Government of Russia 
 had a monopoly of the manufacture and sale of 
 
 37 
 
vodka. There was nobody else in the business 
 in Russia. The Russian Government, the sole 
 proprietor of the business, announced to the peo- 
 ple that vodka was bad for them and they should 
 not have it in the future, and it announced that 
 as a sole participant in the business, it was go- 
 ing out of the business. 
 
 "The Russian experiment, it cannot be denied, 
 had some effect on public sentiment in America. 
 The organized publicity forces of the Anti-Sa- 
 loon League used the Russian experiment, more 
 or less effectively for its effect on American 
 sentiment. Thinking people, of course, realized 
 that the imperial decree was but another experi- 
 ment under new conditions, in dealing with the 
 question of alcohol. The published claims that 
 prohibition has worked a revolution among the 
 lives of the people of Russia are as ridiculous 
 as would be the claims that it was a rank fail- 
 ure. The final verdict on it has not and cannot 
 yet be written. 
 
 "In the meanwhile, it is well for the world 
 at large to get a whole and not one-sided view 
 of the question. The other side is presented in 
 the statement from official sources that no less 
 than 1,800 moonshine vodka stills have been 
 discovered and that tlie Russian Government 
 has been forced to adopt the radical policy of 
 assuming charge of a large part of the com- 
 merce of the country. 
 
 "In the meanwhile there is one real, out and 
 out prohibition nation engaged in the European 
 war. That nation is Turkey." 
 
 LIQUOR BUSINESS AND TAXES. 
 
 "T^HE liquor business has resisted all the assaults 
 * against it, not because of a few people who 
 desire to sell liquor, but because of the millions of 
 the American public who desire to use liquors. 
 
 Remember that the United States Government 
 and the government of every individual state in the 
 L^nion is in partnership with tiic liquor business. 
 The United States demands and accepts a percentage 
 of the profits, but contributes nothing to the invest- 
 ment and pays no part of tlie expenses of the busi- 
 ness. 
 
 The liquor industry is the fifth largest industry 
 in the nation, paying over a quarter of a billion of 
 
 S8 
 
dollars taxes annually, which amount is over one- 
 third of the total income of the United States Gov- 
 ernment. These same taxes paid the bulk of the 
 pensions resulting from the Civil War. These same 
 taxes helped build the Panama Canal; helped build 
 our navy and army, and are instrumental in all the 
 vast workings of the National Government. 
 
 The prohibitionist does not offer a substitute for 
 the loss of this vast sum. 
 
 Where will the deficit be made up? 
 
 Who will have to make it up? 
 
 Prohibition would destroy investments, proper- 
 ties and good will — amounting to billions without 
 compensating the owner. Prohibition would rob the 
 Government of over one-third its income without 
 making up the deficit that will follow. 
 
 All this to satisfy a fanatical desire on the part 
 of a well-paid, agitating minority. 
 
 10,000 MOONSHINE STILLS BROKEN UP. 
 
 PjURING the last four years there have been 
 '-^ detected and seized approxiinately 10,000 illicit 
 distilleries in eight of our Southern States. During 
 the same period in all other states of the Union 
 there have been detected and seized but 63 illicit 
 distilleries, says the Internal Revenue Review. 
 
 The ?nternal revenue statistics show that the 
 number of legal distilleries, viz., those who qualify 
 and operate in strict conformity wath the Govern- 
 ment laws and regulations, has never exceeded 1,000 
 in any given year. In other words, there are de- 
 tected every year more than twice as many illicit 
 distilleries as there are legal distilleries, and these 
 illegal distilleries are confined to states where pro- 
 hibition obtains almost totally. 
 
 The figures given do not, of course, represent 
 the full number of illicit distilleries in operation 
 throughout the country. They simply mean the 
 illicit distilleries which have been detected and seized 
 by Government officers. 
 
 The following figures have been compiled from 
 the annual reports of the commissioners of internal 
 revenue, and show just how "moonshining" or illicit 
 distillation of liquor is increasing, notwithstanding 
 our drastic laws and regulations. These figures 
 prove beyond a question that the Government is not 
 
able to meet conditions which are complained of 
 by those of our people who are opposed to the man- 
 ufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors. And as 
 further evidence of the increase of "moonshining" 
 we quote the following statistics, taken from the 
 reports of the commissioners, showing the increase 
 in seizure of illicit stills from the year 1885 to the 
 present time: 
 
 1885... 
 
 . . 245 
 
 1895.., 
 
 ...1,874 
 
 1905.., 
 
 . . . 1,053 
 
 1S8G. . . 
 
 .. 564 
 
 1896... 
 
 ...1,905 
 
 1906.., 
 
 ...1,376 
 
 1887... 
 
 . . 456 
 
 1897.. 
 
 . . .2,273 
 
 1907.. 
 
 ...1,139 
 
 1888. . . 
 
 . . 518 
 
 1898.., 
 
 ...2,391 
 
 1908.. 
 
 . . .1,130 
 
 1889.. . 
 
 . . 466 
 
 1899.., 
 
 . . .2,190 
 
 1909.., 
 
 ...1,743 
 
 1890... 
 
 . . 583 
 
 1900.., 
 
 . . .1,955 
 
 1910.. 
 
 . . .1,911 
 
 1891... 
 
 . . 795 
 
 1901.. 
 
 ...1,315 
 
 1911.. 
 
 ...2,471 
 
 1892... 
 
 . . 852 
 
 1902.., 
 
 ...1,094 
 
 1912.. 
 
 ...2,466 
 
 1893... 
 
 . . 806 
 
 1903.. 
 
 ...1,388 
 
 1913.. 
 
 ...2,375 
 
 1894... 
 
 , . .1,016 
 
 1904.. 
 
 ...1,018 
 
 1914.. 
 1915.. 
 
 ...2,677 
 ...3,832 
 
 The statistics which we herein present arc au- 
 thentic and show beyond the shadow of a doubt 
 that the Government is unable to control the illicit 
 production of intoxicating beverages. It proves, too, 
 tliat the deeper we go into prohibitory regulation the 
 greater the violation of the law. Looking at it from 
 a purely taxable basis, we know that if the Govern- 
 ment cannot suppress "moonshining" in sparsely 
 populated states, it cannot enforce a national pro- 
 liibitivc law. 
 
 DRY LAWS ROBBED OF THEIR TERROR. 
 
 4t\A7IIY worry about prohibition?" was asked by 
 • » a well-known official todav as he left the De- 
 partment of Agriculture, after a cursory examination 
 of the patent medicine exhibits in the Bureau of 
 Chemistry. Here are some of the patent medicines 
 and the amount of alcohol contained in each, accord- 
 ing to labels in possession of the Department of 
 Agriculture: 
 
 Per cent 
 
 Hamlin's Wizard Oil 65 
 
 Hall's Great Discovery •. . .43 
 
 Hankin's Remedy 22 
 
 40 
 
rainc's Celery Compound 20 
 
 Wine of Cardul 20 
 
 Peruna 18 
 
 Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound 18 
 
 Rexall's Rheumatic Remedy 18 
 
 Electric Brand Bitters 18 
 
 Buchu Juniper Compound 16 
 
 — New York Tribune. 
 
 THE ARMY CANTEEN. 
 
 T N 1913, according to the report of the Surgeon 
 ■*• General of the U. S., our "canteenless" army 
 had a death rate of 4.95 per cent. In 1912, the army 
 of Great Britain, with the canteen, had the remarka- 
 bly low rate of 2.34 per cent. In 1910 France had a 
 rate of 3.01 per cent in her military forces. In 1911 
 the Prussian army death rate was 2.0. The Bavarian 
 rate in the same year was 1.9 per cent. 
 
 In all of the four countries last mentioned, the 
 use of wines, whiskey and beer were permitted in 
 the army,_but in no case was the death rate as high 
 as in the United States. Similar conditions of serv- 
 ice occurred in practically all of the countries named. 
 Where then is the evil of the canteen? Evidently 
 if any conclusion is to be drawn from these figures, 
 it should be that the presence of malt and spirituous 
 beverages has aided in sustaining life in the armies 
 of Europe. 
 
 The Stars and Stripes have been successfully 
 carried over many battle fields in many wars since 
 the birth of our nation. Our soldiers won the Revo- 
 lutionary War; they won the war of 1812; the Civil 
 War; the Mexican War, and the Spanish-American 
 War. Throughout all of these campaigns the can- 
 teen was carried well supplied Avith whiskey. 
 Whiskey was part of the daily ration of the troops. 
 The United States of America through their armies 
 has always been successful. We knov/ what we can 
 do Vvath whiskey, but we do not know what we can 
 do without it. Since all good judgment is based upon 
 experience and the evidence at hand, upon what 
 contention can the prohibitionist base his claim that 
 the efficiency of our fighting force would be pro- 
 moted by enforcing prohibition in the army and 
 navy ? 
 
 41 
 
AVERAGE COST OF DRINK TO AMERICAN 
 FAMILY IS LOW— LABOR DEPART- 
 MENT REPORTS. 
 
 A RECENT dispatch from Washington tells of 
 '** an interesting report on the average cost of 
 drink to families that use intoxicating liquors. This 
 report was issued by the Department of Labor. 
 
 Recently the Department received a communica- 
 tion from the National Wholesale Liquor Dealers 
 Association stating that the Association had heard 
 the Department had found that the average cost a 
 day for each person for intoxicating drink was 4 
 cents. The Association wanted to know about it. 
 An investigation was made. It was found that out 
 of 3,260 family budgets examined 1,329 were found 
 to use intoxicants at an average cost a family of 
 $19 60 a year. 
 
 In the second investigation, 5,284 family budgets 
 were examined, and 1,735 families were found to 
 have spent $29.74 a year each for intoxicating liquor. 
 In the third instance 2,567 family expenditures were 
 looked into and 1,302 families were found to spend 
 an average of $24.53 a year for intoxicants. 
 
 These investigations show an average cost lower 
 than that of whicli the National Wholesale Liquor 
 Dealers Association had been informed. 
 
 SAMUEL GOMPERS ON PROHIBITION. 
 
 CAMUEL GOMPERS, in a letter to Richard 
 *^ Pearson Hobson, quoted in the Long Branch 
 Daily Record, makes the following unmistakable 
 declaration of his sentiments concerning prohibition: 
 
 "I am frank enough to say that I am out of 
 harmony with the prohibition movement. I know 
 of a better way other than by legalized prohibition 
 to secure temperance and the temperate habits in 
 any of the personal activities of men. 
 
 "There is no movement in all the country so po- 
 tent to make the people temperate as is the much 
 misunderstood and misrepresented organized labor 
 movement of the country. Increasing wages, estab- 
 lishing a shorter workday, affording better tastes, 
 better aspirations, higher ideals, which the better 
 standard of living and freedom of burdensome hours 
 
 42 
 
of toil will bring, the opportunity for better homes 
 and surroundings, and better working conditions, all 
 of these, I repeat, have been more potent in estab- 
 lishing temperance and temperance habits than to 
 inaugurate prohibition by law." 
 
 There is much to be considered in that. 
 
 EFFECT ON CAPITAL AND LABOR. 
 
 PROHIBITION means that the capital invested in 
 ^ the liquor business must go elsewhere. 
 
 Billions of dollars to go into other lines of indus- 
 try now crowded and surrounded by keen competi- 
 tion. Thousands of men and women without em- 
 ployment reduced to common labor and compelled 
 to compete anew w^th all labor. This competition 
 affects not only the man who loses his position, but 
 affects the man w'ho has one. For the former is 
 after the position of the latter and if necessity drives 
 him, will w^ork for less to gain some kind of employ- 
 ment. Then what happens to the labor market? It 
 is flooded. It Is not fair to expect the man who has 
 learned a trade, served his apprenticeship and at- 
 tained a position which pays him a good living wage, 
 to give all this up and begin over as a common 
 laborer without even an assurance of receiving that 
 kind of employment. 
 
 ARRESTS FOR DRUNKENNESS INCREASES 
 
 DURING ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE 
 
 CONVENTION. 
 
 T H. LARIMORE, Mayor of Westerville, O., 
 *^ • made an official call this morning on Mayor 
 William Riddle, of Atlantic City. 
 
 "Our arrests for drunkenness have Increased since 
 your convention came to town," said Mayor Riddle. 
 
 "Is that so?" said Mayor Larimore. 
 
 "Yes. You know when you start In to tell a man 
 that he mustn't do a certain thing, and keep on 
 telling him, he wants to go out and do that very 
 thing." 
 
 Then the Mayors talked woman suffrage. — New 
 York World. 
 
 43 
 
PATENT MEDICINES SELL WELL IN "DRY" 
 TERRITORY— TONICS AND BITTERS. 
 
 (From report of Massachusetts State Board of 
 Health, 1902.) 
 
 "The following were examined for the purpose 
 of ascertaining the percentage of alcohol in each. 
 Some of them have been recommended as temper- 
 ance drinks : 
 
 Per Cent of 
 
 Alcohol (by 
 
 volume) 
 
 "Best" Tonic 7.6 
 
 Carter's Physical Extract 22.0 
 
 Hooker's Wigwam Tonic 20.7 
 
 Hoofland's German Tonic 29.3 
 
 Hop Tonic 7.0 
 
 Howe's Arabian Tonic, "not a rum drink" 13.2 
 
 Jackson's Golden Seal Tonic 19.6 
 
 Liebig Company's Coca Beef Tonic 23.2 
 
 Mensman's Peptonized Beef Tonic 16.5 
 
 Parker's Tonic, "purely vegetable," recommended 
 
 for inebriates 41.6 
 
 Schcnk's Sea Weed Tonic, "entirely harmless". .19.5 
 
 Atwood's Quinine Tonic Bitters 29.2 
 
 L. T. Atwood's Jaundice Bitters 22.3 
 
 Moses Atwood's Jaundice Bitters 17.1 
 
 Baxter's Mandrake Bitters 16.5 
 
 Boker's Stomach Bitters 42.6 
 
 Brown's Iron Bitters 19.7 
 
 Burdock Blood Bitters 25.2 
 
 Carter's Scotch Bitters 17.6 
 
 Colton's Bitters 27.1 
 
 Copp's White Mountain Bitters, "not an alcoholic 
 
 beverage" 6.0 
 
 Drake's Plantation Bitters 33.2 
 
 Flint's Quaker Bitters 21.4 
 
 Goodlnie's Bitters 16.1 
 
 Greene's Ncrvura 17.2 
 
 Hartshorn's Bitters 22.2 
 
 Hooflander's German Bitters, "entirely vege- 
 table and free from alcoholic stimulant". .. .25.6 
 
 Hop Bitters 12.0 
 
 Hostettcr's Stomach Bitters 44.3 
 
 Kaufman's Sulphur Bitters, "contains no alcohol" 
 (as a matter of fact, it contains 20.5 per cent 
 
 of alcohol and no sulphur) 20.5 
 
 a 
 
Kingsley's Iron Tonic 14.9 
 
 Langley's Bitters 18.1 
 
 Liverpool's Mcxicon Tonic Bitters 23.4 
 
 Paine's Celery Coniponnd 21.4 
 
 Pierce's Indian Restorative Bitters 6.1 
 
 Puritana 22.0 
 
 Z. Porter's Stomach Bitters 27.9 
 
 Pulnionine 16.0 
 
 Rush's Bitters 35.0 
 
 Richardson's Concentrated Sherry Wins Bitters. .47.5 
 
 Secor's Conshona Bitters 13.1 
 
 Shonyo's German Bitters 21.5 
 
 Job Sweet's Strengthening Bitters 29.0 
 
 Thurston's Old Continental Bitters 11.4 
 
 Warner's Vinegar Bitters, "contains no spirit".. 6.1 
 
 Warner's Safe Tonic Bitters 35.7 
 
 Warren's Bilious Bitters 21.5 
 
 Wheeler's Tonic Sherry Wine Bitters 18.8 
 
 Wheat Bitters 13.6 
 
 Faith Whitcomb's Nerve Bitters -. 20.3 
 
 Dr. William's Vegetable Jaundice Bitters 18.5 
 
 Whiskol, "a non-intoxicating stimulant, whiskey 
 
 without it's sting" _. 28.2 
 
 Golden Liquid Beef Tonic, "recommended for 
 
 treatment of alcoholic habit" 26.5 
 
 Ayer's Sarsaparilla 26.2 
 
 Thayer's Compound Extract of Sarsaparilla. .. .21.5 
 
 Hood's Sarsaparilla 18.8 
 
 Allen's Sarsaparilla 13.5 
 
 Dana's Sarsaparilla ._ 13.5 
 
 Brown's Sarsaparilla 13.5 
 
 Corbett's Shaker Sarsaparilla 8.8 
 
 Radway's Resolvent 7.9 
 
 "The dose recommended upon the labels of the 
 foregoing preparations varied from a teaspoonful 
 to a wineglass full, and the frequency also varied 
 from one to four times a day, 'increased as needed.' 
 
 "Also the following medicines for alcohol": 
 
 Hoflf's Extract of Alalt and Iron 5.24 
 
 Peruna 28.59 
 
 Vinol, Wine of Cod Liver Oil 18.88 
 
 Lydia Pinkham's Vegetable Compound 20.61 
 
 Dr. Killmer's Swamp Root 7.32 
 
 Dr. Peter's Kuriko 14.00 
 
 These are the favorite substitutes in "dry" 
 territory. 
 
 How do they compare with beer, wine and 
 whiskey? 
 
 45 
 

 
 
 
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 POPULATION IN "V/ET" AND "DRY" 
 
 STATES. 
 
 Wet- 
 California 12 
 
 Connecticut 12 
 
 Delaware 1 
 
 Dist. of Colu:riL)ia 1 
 
 Florida 3 
 
 Illinois 16 
 
 Indiana S 
 
 Kentucky 5 
 
 Louisiana 2 
 
 Maryland 1 
 
 Massachusetts 27 
 
 Michigan 10 
 
 Minnesota 3 
 
 Missouri 5 
 
 Montana 1 
 
 Nebraska 3 
 
 Nevada 
 
 New Hampshire 2 
 
 New Jersey IG 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 New York 20 
 
 Pennsylvania 20 
 
 Ohio IG 
 
 Rhode Island 7 
 
 S. Dakota... 
 
 Texas 9 
 
 Utah 2 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Wvonvinir 
 
 Dry- 
 Alabama 3 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Arkansas 2 
 
 Colorado 3 
 
 Georgia 4 
 
 Idaho 1 
 
 Iowa 9 
 
 Kansas 3 
 
 Maine 3 
 
 Mississippi 1 
 
 N. Carolina 3 
 
 N. Dakota 
 
 Oklahoma 3 
 
 Oregon 1 
 
 S. Carolina 2 
 
 Tennessee 4 
 
 Virginia 6 
 
 Washington 5 
 
 W. Vireinin . . 3 
 
 211 
 
 48 
 
LINES OF INDUSTRY AFFECTED BY 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 Beer Pump Mfrs. 
 
 Bottle Cap Mfrs. 
 
 Bottle Machinery Mfrs. 
 
 Bottle Makers. 
 
 Box Makers. 
 
 Brass Workers. 
 
 Brewers. 
 
 Bread Makers. 
 
 Butchers. 
 
 Carpenters. 
 
 Cask Mfrs. 
 
 Charcoal Mfrs. 
 
 Coal Dealers. 
 
 Coal Miners. 
 
 Commercial Agencies 
 
 Coopers. 
 
 Coppersmiths. 
 
 Cork Cutters. 
 
 Cork Dealers. 
 
 Cigar Dealers. 
 
 Cigar Mfrs. 
 
 Cracker Bakers. 
 
 Delicatessen Dealers. 
 
 Disinfectant Mfrs. and 
 
 Dealers. 
 Distillers. 
 Engine Builders. 
 Farmers. 
 Filter Mfrs. 
 Fixture Mfrs. 
 Foundries. 
 Glassware Dealers. 
 Glassware Mfrs . 
 Grain Dealers. 
 Grain Elevators. 
 Grape Growers. 
 Hardware Dealers. 
 Hardware Mfrs. 
 Harness Makers. 
 Horse Dealers. 
 
 Plorseshoers. 
 
 Ice Machine Mfrs. 
 
 Ice Dealers. 
 
 Ice Mfrs. 
 
 Iron Hoop Mfrs. 
 
 Lithographers. 
 
 Liquor Dealers. 
 
 Maltsters. 
 
 Meat Dealers. 
 
 Motor Truck Mfrs. 
 
 Motor Truck Dealers. 
 
 Musical Instruments. 
 
 Nail Mfrs. and Dealers, 
 
 Oil Refiners and Dealers, 
 
 Paint Mfrs. and Dealers. 
 
 Painters. 
 
 Paper Mfrs. 
 
 Pipe Fitters and 
 
 Plumbers. 
 Pipe Mfrs. 
 
 Potters. __ 
 
 Pump Mfrs. 
 Pretzel Makers. 
 Printers. 
 
 Printers' Ink Mfrs, 
 Railroads. 
 Real Estate. 
 Refrigerator Mfrs. 
 Seal Mfrs. 
 Sign Mfrs. 
 Stationers. 
 
 Talking Machines, etc. 
 Tank Builders. 
 Teamsters. 
 Telephone. 
 Tobacco Growers. 
 Tobacco Dealers. 
 Wagon Makers. 
 Wine Makers. 
 
 49 
 
WHO WILL MAKE UP THIS DEFICIT? 
 
 United States Statistical Abstract— 1914— Table No. 
 330 — Customs and Internal Revenue Collected on 
 Distilled Spirits, Wines and Malt Liquors with 
 Total National Revenue and Percentage — Year 
 Ending June 30, 1914. 
 
 (Sources: Customs revenue from annual re- 
 port on Commerce and Navigation. Bureau of 
 Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of 
 Commerce; internal revenue from reports of the 
 Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Treasury De- 
 partment.) 
 
 Source. 1914. 
 
 Customs Revenue: (dollars) 
 
 From malt liquors $1,916,000 
 
 From wine 6,509,000 
 
 From distilled spirits... .. 10,780,000 
 
 Total $19,205,000 
 
 [ntemal Revenue: Other Than License Duties — 
 
 Frorii malt liquors $ 66,1S;5,000 
 
 From distilled spirits 153,546,000 
 
 Total 5;219,651,000 
 
 License Duties: 
 
 For the manufacture of malt liquors 
 
 and distilled spirits $ 425,000 
 
 For the sale of malt liquors and dis- 
 tilled spirits 6,104,000 
 
 Total . .$6,529,000 
 
 Total Internal Revenue: 
 
 From alcoholic beverages. $226,180,000 
 
 Total Internal Revenue and Custom Receipts: 
 
 From alcoholic beverages $245,385,000 
 
 Total National Ordinary Receipts: 
 
 From all sources $734,673,167 
 
 The liquor industry, then, paid into the Treasury 
 'A the National Government for the year 1914, 
 ^245,385,000, which is over one-third of the 
 >734. 673,167, which represents the total ordinary 
 eccipts of the United States Treasury from all 
 -ources for the same year. 
 
The total revenue received by tlie various states 
 of the Union in 1913, in the form of liquor licenses, 
 was $20,992,857. 
 
 The total revenue received by the various coun- 
 ties of the Union in 1913, in the form of liquor 
 licenses was $6,600,010. 
 
 The total revenue received by the various incor- 
 porated places of the Union in 1913, having a popu- 
 lation of 2,500 and over, was $51,955,001. 
 
 The total amount paid into the National Treas- 
 ury; the state, county and municipal treasuries, for 
 1913, was $328,527,868. 
 
 This is the revenue that the Anti-Saloon League 
 wishes to destroy. 
 
 SAVING ACCOUNTS— U. S. CENSUS, 1910. 
 
 The Tables Which Follow Compare Social Condi- 
 tions in "Wet" and "Dry" States. 
 
 The average savings of each depositor in the 
 savings banks of the United States is $439.07. A 
 comparison of eight "dry" states and eight "wet" 
 states. 
 
 Prohibition States. 
 
 Kansas $231.69 
 
 Maine 403.01 
 
 West Virginia 168.01 
 
 North Carolina... 171.56 
 
 Georgia 239.54 
 
 Mississippi 280.97 
 
 Tennessee 262.27 
 
 North Dakota 207.15 
 
 Average for 8 
 
 "dry" states $245.53 
 
 License States. 
 
 New Hampshire. .$468.18 
 
 Rhode Island 544.93 
 
 New York 545.90 
 
 California 523.48 
 
 Montana 522.97 
 
 Nevada 781.39 
 
 Ohio 356.78 
 
 Pennsylvania .... 423.17 
 Average for 8 
 
 "wet" states $520.85 
 
 DIVORCES. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstract for 1913, Page 
 83, Table No. 55 — "Divorces per 100,000 of married 
 population 1900." A comparison of 9 "dry" and 9 
 "wet" states. 
 
 Number Per 
 Prohibtion 100,000 
 
 States Population 
 
 Georgia 78 
 
 Kansas 286 
 
 Number Per 
 License 100,000 
 
 States. Population. 
 
 Connecticut 130 
 
 Delaware 43 
 
 Alaine .^ 282 Louisiana 127 
 
 Mississippi 225 Maryland 114 
 
 51 
 
North Carolina 75 
 
 North Dakota 268 
 
 Oklahoma 346 
 
 Tennessee 261 
 
 West Virginia 183 
 
 Average number for 9 
 "dry" states 222 
 
 Minnesota 161 
 
 New Jersey 60 
 
 NtA^ York 60 
 
 Pennsylvania 94 
 
 Massachusetts 124 
 
 Average number for 9 
 "wet" states 101 
 
 LABOR. 
 
 Special Bulletin on Manufactures, U. S. Census — 
 Wage Earners — per cent of distribution. United 
 States 1007o. A comparison of 9 "dry" and 9 "wet" 
 
 states. 
 
 Prohibition Per Cent of 
 States. Distribution. 
 
 Kansas 0.7 
 
 North Carolina 1.8 
 
 Georgia 1.6 
 
 Tennessee 1.1 
 
 Maine 1.2 
 
 West Virginia 1.0 
 
 Mississippi 0.8 
 
 Oklahoma 0.2 
 
 North Dakota 0.1 
 
 Average per cent for 
 9 "dry" states 0.9 
 
 License Per cent of 
 
 States. Distribution. 
 
 New York 15.2 
 
 Pennsylvania 13.3 
 
 Massachusetts 8.8 
 
 Ohio 6.8 
 
 New Jersey 4.9 
 
 Illinois 7.0 
 
 A\'isconsin 2.8 
 
 Indiana 2.8 
 
 Connecticut 3.2 
 
 Average per cent for 
 9 "wet" states 7.2 
 
 CHURCH MEMBERS— U. S. CENSUS, 1906. 
 
 Percentage of the Population Listed as Church 
 
 Members. 
 
 Prohibition States. License States. 
 
 Kansas 28.4% New York 43.77o 
 
 Maine 29.87o Massachusetts 51.3% 
 
 West Virginia 28.0% Rhode Island 54.0% 
 
 Some of the other license states that outrank the 
 prohibitioi'i states in church membership by far, are 
 Illinois 38.3%; Ohio 39.37o; Wisconsin 44.37o; Lou- 
 isiana 50.6%; California 31.1%. 
 
 BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstract, 1014, Page 547, 
 Table Xo. 310 — "Building and Loan Association"— 
 Number and assets 1913. A comparison of 7 "dry** 
 ntul 7 "wot" states. 
 
 62 
 
Prohibition 
 States. 
 
 Number of 
 Assn. 
 
 Kansas 59 
 
 Maine 37 
 
 N. Carolina... 127 
 
 N. Dakota 9 
 
 Oklahoma .... 39 
 Tennessee .... 13 
 W. Virginia. . . 44 
 
 328 
 
 Assets In Assets In 
 
 Millions License Number of Millions 
 
 of Dollars, States. Assn. of Dollars. 
 
 16 California ... 93 28 
 
 5 Illinois 591 82 
 
 11 Indiana 323 53 
 
 2 New Jersey. . 643 118 
 
 1 New York. . . 241 64 
 
 2 Ohio 649 224 
 
 6 Pennsylvania.1710 233 
 
 43 4250 802 
 
 ILLITERACY. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstract 1914, Page 61, 
 Tabe No. 41 — "Illiterate persons 10 years of age and 
 over, 1910." — Percentages. A comparison of 8 "dry" 
 states and 8 "wet" states. 
 
 rohibitioi 
 
 1 Per Cent of 
 
 License 
 
 Per Cent of 
 
 States 
 
 Illiterate 
 
 States 
 
 Illiterate 
 
 
 Population 
 
 
 Population 
 
 Georgia 20.7 
 
 Kansas 2.2 
 
 Maine 4.1 
 
 Mississippi 22.4 
 
 N, Carolina 18.5 
 
 Oklahoma 5.6 
 
 Tennessee 13.6 
 
 W. Virginia 8.3 
 
 California 3.7 
 
 Illinois 3.7 
 
 Indiana 3.1 
 
 Minnesota 3.0 
 
 Nebraska 1.9 
 
 Ohio 3.2 
 
 Vermont 3.7 
 
 Wisconsin 3.2 
 
 Average per cent of 
 8 "dry" states 11. 
 
 Average per cent of 
 8 "wet" states.. .. 3.1 
 
 NOTE — The percentage of illiterates in other 
 "wet" states follows: Connecticut, 6.0; Massachu- 
 setts, 5.2; Missouri, 4.3; Montana, 4.8; Nevada, 6.7; 
 New Hampshire, 4.6; New Jersey 5.6; New York, 
 5.5; Pennsylvania, 5.9; South Dakota, 2.9. 
 
 PAUPERS. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstract 1914, Page 56, 
 Table No. 36 — "Paupers Enumerated in Almshouses 
 1910," number per 100,000 population. A compan 
 son of 7 "dry" and 7 "wet" states. 
 S3 
 
Prohibition No. of 
 States Paupers per 
 100,000 Pop. 
 
 Georgia 31.2 
 
 Kansas 43.5 
 
 Maine ^ 127.3 
 
 Mississippi 24.3 
 
 N. Carolina 63.0 
 
 Tennessee 71.8 
 
 West Virginia 66.2 
 
 Average number for 
 7 "dry" states 61.0 
 
 License No. of 
 
 States Paupers per 
 
 100,000 Pop. 
 
 Florida 27.5 
 
 Louisiana 11.3 
 
 Minnesota 33.1 
 
 Nebraska 46.2 
 
 S. Dakota 24.8 
 
 Texas 22.1 
 
 Wyoming 13 
 
 Average number for 
 7 "wet" states 25.4 
 
 PRISONERS. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstracts for 1914, Page 
 58, Table No. 38 — "Sentenced Prisoners in Penal 
 Institutions in 1910," per 100,000 population. A 
 comparison of 7 "dry" and 7 "wet" states. 
 
 Prohibition No. of License No. of 
 
 States Prisoners^ per States Prisoners per 
 
 100,000 Pop. 
 
 Georgia 191.4 
 
 Kansas 91.1 
 
 Maine 98.3 
 
 Mississippi 127.0 
 
 Oklahoma 101.1 
 
 Tennessee 12.J.7 
 
 W. Virginia 119.8 
 
 Average for 7 "dry" 
 states 122.0 
 
 100,000 Pop. 
 
 Pennsylvania 106.7 
 
 S. Dakota 47.8 
 
 Texas 108.0 
 
 Wisconsin 71.8 
 
 Minnesota 77.7 
 
 Nebraska 55.1 
 
 Ohio 84.0 
 
 Average for 7 "wet" 
 states 78.S 
 
 INSANITY. 
 
 United States Statistical Abstracts 1914, Page 59, 
 Table No. 39 — "Insane enumerated in hospitals in 
 1910," per 100,000 population. A comparison of 7 
 "dry" and 7 "wet" states. 
 
 Prohibition No. of 
 States Insane per 
 
 100,000 Pop. 
 
 Georgia 120.0 
 
 Kansas 172.2 
 
 Maine 169.5 
 
 Mississippi 110.1 
 
 N. Carolina 114.3 
 
 License 
 States 
 
 oinsiana 
 
 No. of 
 
 Insane per 
 100,000 Pop. 
 130.3 
 
 Nebraska 166.9 
 
 Texas 104.0 
 
 Utah 91.6 
 
 Florida 112.8 
 
 54 
 
N. Dakota 1G8.8 Indiana 167.6 
 
 W. Virginia 141.0 Wyoming 1110 
 
 Average number for Average number for 
 
 7 "dry" states 133.7 7 "wet" states. . ..126.3 
 
 AGITATORS VS. THE PEOPLE. 
 
 TTHE public is gradually but slowly coming to 
 ^ realize the truth of the statement that the liquor 
 contest is not one between the moral forces of the 
 nation (which the Anti-Saloon League in grandilo- 
 quent style calls itself), and the manufacturers and 
 distributors of liquors, but is one between the great 
 majority of the American people, who desire to use 
 the beverages of their choice in peace, quiet and 
 moderation, and a few agitators who seek to deny 
 them the right to do this. — Home Rule Blue Book, 
 
 SAVE THE BOY. 
 
 VKl E hear so much from the Prohibition orator 
 ' ' about "saving the boy." There is an argu- 
 ment that refutes this statement, for besides the boy 
 that the Prohibitionist wants to save, there is 
 another boy whose welfare must be looked after. 
 
 The Anti-Saloon League wants to save the boy 
 from the saloon and the "temptations of liquor." li 
 the home influences of a young man are of the 
 proper kind there need be no fear of the failure of 
 that young man to succeed in life. In this nation 
 there are vast numbers of families in which the 
 children are familiar with beer, wine and whiskey 
 and in these same families it is a rare thing to find 
 an intemperate member. In Belgium, beer is as 
 common a drink among the children as milk is in 
 the United States, and in Belgium we find more peo- 
 ple over 80 years of age than in any other country 
 of the world. 
 
 The young man and young woman of today who 
 want to achieve moral success in their lives must 
 realize the existence of that law known as the "free- 
 dom of choice." All morality is based upon this law. 
 
 The young man who is placed in a narrow trench, 
 at one end of which is a goal, and who is so placed 
 that he is facing this goal and must walk toward 
 it and cannot leave the path — this young man is not 
 exercising free will. He deserves no credit for 
 what he is doing because he has not had the oppor- 
 tunity to do otherwise. True morality is gained 
 
 55 
 
only after the individual has decided what is bad 
 and what is good and only after he has resisted 
 the bad and has achieved the good. So the young 
 man or woman living in the cloistered home — a 
 home in which a constant surveilance is maintained 
 to keep from the young folks the attractions, the 
 happenings and the occurences of daily life in the 
 outside world, coming from this cloistered home, 
 when the barrier of restraint is let down, is apt to 
 fall. Constant association with the benefits and pri- 
 vileges of nature soon teach us by experience how to 
 correctly use these benefits and privileges. 
 
 There need be no hue and cry of "save the boy" 
 in regard to the liquor question if that boy receives 
 proper home training and if he, himself, is the right 
 kind of a boy. If a father or mother must fear for 
 the welfare of their boy when he is out of their 
 presence, and if there is any doubt in their minds 
 as to his conduct and his possible danger when he is 
 away from his home, then the parents of that boy 
 are to blame. 
 
 The Prohibitionists' Argument. 
 
 Again we hear that if wc wipe out the liquor in- 
 dustry we will save the next generation; we will 
 have boys and girls who have never seen a saloon. 
 Here, however, the argument of the Prohibitionist 
 runs counter to a law of nature. 
 
 Men drink because of their appetite for drink; 
 because of a natural desire, a natural craving for 
 the beverage which they drink. Grant the absolute 
 abolition of the liquor business as represented today 
 by the legal manufacture of these beverages and it 
 is safe to say tliat the drinking of alcoholic bever- 
 ages or some similar substitute will continue. Every 
 nation lias some national beverage and tliis has al- 
 ways been true and always will be true. If the bev- 
 erage is misused, regulation of its use follows, but 
 it is folly and foolishness to believe that the bever- 
 age or some substitute can be made to disappear. 
 Prohibition docs, without a doubt, stop the legal 
 manufacture and sale, but it does not stop the manu- 
 facture and use of tlie beverage. 
 
 As to that other boy. A dispatch from Blucfield, 
 W. \'a., Alarch 12, 1014, told of a nine-year-old boy, 
 <aid by the Federal authorities to be the youngest 
 bootlegger on record, wlio was arrested in a raid by 
 
the United States Marshal's posse in the mountains, 
 20 miles from Norton. According to Revenue Offi- 
 cers he was found together with an 18-year-old 
 cousin operating a complete still which had a capac- 
 ity of 30 gallons. This dispatch was printed in the 
 Kansas City Star. Here, then, is one of the results 
 of prohibition. The boy becomes a bootlegger, a 
 moonshiner, and the tool of the blind tiger. He not 
 only is in constant contact with the beverage, but 
 further than that he is an associate in an illicit busi- 
 ness. The patent medicine, vile whiskey and imi- 
 tation beers, drugs, etc., that are dispensed in dry 
 territory through the illicit sellers, will have a worse 
 effect upon the boy than those beverages which are 
 made under the Government's supervision and which 
 are sold in places which are licensed and regulated 
 by law. 
 
 There is another boy and that is the son of the 
 wage-earner whose wage depends upon his position 
 with the liquor industry. How about the hundreds 
 of thousands of boys whose fathers are employed 
 by the distillers, brev/ers, bottle works, allied in- 
 dustries, etc., and to whom prohibition means the 
 loss of their income and the loss of their daily 
 bread? 
 
 Loy Loses His Education. 
 
 Is it fair to assume that after a man has spent 
 a number of years of his life as an apprentice and 
 finally has achieved a position of trust through ex- 
 perience, bought by many years of service, to ask 
 him to cease that occupation which is paying him 
 a living wage and accept in exchange, employment 
 as a common laborer? This is what the Prohibition- 
 ist demands. Aside from the loss to the individual 
 man there is the loss to his family. His boy loses 
 the opportunity of an education, he is prevented 
 from getting the proper kind of food and clothing. 
 There must be stinting and economy in the family 
 budget. Moreover, in a state like Ohio, for exam- 
 ple, w^here in one winter there were 200,000 unem- 
 ployed; 200,000 men who were out of positions and 
 were walking the streets ready to take any position 
 that w^as available — Prohibition would add an ad- 
 ditional 100,000 men. 
 
 The casting of these extra thousands of men into 
 the army of the vmem.ployed would flood the labor 
 markets and the disastrous results which would fol- 
 
low would affect not only those men who had lost 
 their positions, but would affect those who are hold- 
 ing positions. 
 
 We must remember that all classes of labor are 
 represented in the liquor industry. For example, 
 thousands of teamsters take the beer and whiskey 
 to the consumer. Then there are the brewers, the 
 clerks, the stenographers, glassworkers, office boys, 
 salesmen, carpenters, lithographers, printers — all 
 these must seek work elsewhere. 
 
 Prohibitionists say that they can go into other 
 lines of work; easily said but hard to do. In practi- 
 cally all trades one must serve an apprenticeship 
 of three, four or five years. Many of those who 
 would lose their positions are at an age when it 
 would be very difficult to begin a new trade. One 
 thing, though, is sure to happen, after a period of 
 idleness all of these men thrown out of work by pro- 
 hibition Viill begin to grow desperate; they will go 
 to employers of labor and will say: "Look here, I 
 need a job, my family is starving, the Prohibitionists 
 have thrown me over the poverty line, I will work 
 for half what you are paying your other men if 
 you will just only give me something to do." 
 
 The employer, being a business man, sees an op- 
 portunity to gain, an opportunity to hire cheaper 
 help. Again all labor suffers. 
 
 Prohibition is not the friend but the ENEMY 
 of LABOR. 
 
 ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S TEMPERANCE 
 VIEWS. 
 
 A BRAHAM LINCOLN, were he to return to earth. 
 **■ as his first act would without a doubt rebuke and 
 repudiate the methods and personnel of the Anti- 
 Saloon League, which pretends from time to time 
 to receive inspiration from the sayings and speeches 
 of the great emancipator. 
 
 The spcctacularity, the hate, the denunciation, the 
 bitterness, the invective and the underhand methods 
 that characterize the Anti-Saloon League campaigns 
 in behalf of Prohibition are the very things that Lin- 
 coln deplored and publicly spoke against. 
 
 Lincoln, in his love for his fellow-men, was a tem- 
 perance advocate, but he believed in being chari- 
 table in an effort to decrease intemperance, he be- 
 lieved in converting the individual by appealing to 
 
 58 
 
his character and in a manner to win his confidence 
 By the same token he was opposed to driving an 
 individual, to denouncing him, to cursing and abus- 
 ing him, always contending "that a drop of honey 
 catches more flies than a gallon of gall." 
 
 "By virtue of half a dozen signatures. Berry and 
 Lincoln became proprietors of the only mercantile 
 establishment in the village." 
 
 "In the spring of the next year, finding their 
 merchandise gaining them little or nothing, they 
 concluded to keep a tavern in addition to their other 
 business, and the records of the company according 
 to Sangamon County, show that Berry took out a 
 license for that purpose. on the 6th of March, 1833." 
 (From Nicolay & Hay, Vol. 1, Chapter 4, "Abraham 
 Lincoln.") 
 
 Berry & Lincoln License. 
 
 A copy of the original license which appears be- 
 low presents evidence which cannot be disputed: 
 
 Springfield, Wednesday, March 6, 1833. 
 
 Ordered that William F. Berry in the name of 
 Berry and Lincoln have license to keep a tavern in 
 New Salem to continue 12 months from this date, 
 and that they pay one dollar in addition to six dol- 
 lars heretofore paid as per Treasury receipt and that 
 they be allowed the following rates (viz) : 
 
 French Brandy per Y^ pint 25 
 
 Peach Brandy per ^ pint 1834 
 
 Apple Brandy per ^ pint 12 
 
 Holland Gin per ^ pint 18^ 
 
 Domestic per y^ pint 12>^ 
 
 Wine per 5^ pint 25 
 
 Rum per ^ pint 18^ 
 
 Whiskey per ^^ pint 12^ 
 
 Breakfast, dinner, supper 25 
 
 Lodging, per night 12>^ 
 
 Horse, per night 25 
 
 Single feed 12^ 
 
 Breakfast, dinner and supper for stage- 
 passengers 37^ 
 
 Who gave bond as required by law. 
 
 NOTE— One "bit" was a coin valued at \2V2Z\ one 
 "fip" was a coin valued at G^^c. A "bit" and a "fip" 
 
 59 
 
therefore, would amount to 18^c; 3 "bits" to 37^c. 
 This accounts for the prices listed opposite the arti- 
 cles mentioned in the license. 
 
 A study of the life and writings of Lincoln, will 
 show to the unbiased mind that Abraham Lincoln 
 was a temperance man and a temperance advocate 
 in the correct sense; that is, he believed in moder- 
 ation in the use of all things. The quotations that 
 the Prohibitionists have used as coming from Lin- 
 coln, when those quotations have been authentic, 
 have usually been statements which he made when 
 speaking of the abuse and excessive use of liquors. 
 Mr. Lincoln's ideas, however, upon the liquor ques- 
 tion were far removed from those of the modern 
 agitating Prohibition leader. The following extracts 
 taken from his address delivered February 22, 1842, 
 before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance 
 Society, will bear out the above statement. 
 
 "The preacher, it is said, advocates temperance 
 because he is a fanatic, and desires a union of the 
 church and state; the lawyer from his pride, and 
 vanity of hearing himself speak; and the hired agent 
 for his salary." 
 
 "Too much denunciation against dram-sellers and 
 dram drinkers was indulged in. This I think was 
 both impolitic and unjust. It was impolitic, because 
 it is not nuicli in the nature of man to be driven to 
 anything; still less to be driven about that which 
 is exclusively his own business; and least of all 
 such driving is to be submitted to at the expense 
 of pecuniary interest of a burning appetite. 
 
 Convince; Don't Dictate. 
 
 "To have expected them to do otherwise than they 
 did — to have expected tliem not to meet denuncia- 
 tion with denunciation, crimination with crimination, 
 and anathema^witli anaUiema — was to expect a re- 
 versal of liuman nature, whicli is God's decree and 
 can never be reversed. When the conduct of men is 
 designed to be influenced, persuasion, kind, unas- 
 suming persuasion, should ever be adopted. It is an 
 old and true maxim "that a drop of honey catches 
 more flies than a gallon of gall." So with man. If 
 you would win a man to your cause, first convince 
 him that you are his sincere friend. Therein is a 
 drop of honey that catches his heart, which, say 
 
 60 
 
what he will, is the great high road to his reason, 
 and which when once gained, you will find but little 
 trouble in convincing his judgment of the justice 
 of your cause, if indeed that cause really be a just 
 one. On the contrary, assume to dictate to his 
 judgment, or to command his action, or to mark him 
 as one to be shunned or despised, and he will retreat 
 within himself, close all the avenues to his head 
 and heart; and though your cause be naked truth 
 itself, transformed to the heaviest lance, harder than 
 steel, and sharper than steel can be made, and 
 though you throw it with more than Herculean force 
 and precision, you shall be no more able to pierce 
 him than to penetrate the hard shell of a tortoise 
 with a rye straw. Such is man, and so must he be 
 understood by those who would lead him, even to 
 his own best interests." 
 
 "Another error, as it seems to me, into which the 
 old reformers fell, was the position that all hab- 
 itual drunkards were utterly incorrigible, and there- 
 fore must be turned adrift and damned, without 
 remedy in order that the grace of temperance 
 might abound, to the temperate then, and to all 
 mankind some hundreds of years thereafter. There 
 is in this something so repugnant to humanity, so 
 uncharitable, so cold-blooded and feelingless, that 
 it never did nor ever can enlist the enthusiasm of a 
 popular cause. We could not love the man who 
 taught it — we could not hear him with patience. 
 The heart could not throw open its portals to it — ■ 
 the generous man could not adopt it — it could not 
 mix with his blood. It looked so fiendishly selfish, 
 so like throwing fathers and brothers overboard to 
 lighten the boat for our security, that the noble- 
 minded shrank from the manifest meanness of the 
 thing. And besides this, the benefits of a reforma- 
 tion to be affected by such a system were too remote 
 in point of time to warmly engage many in its 
 behalf. Few can be induced to labor exclusively 
 for posterity; and none will do it enthusiastically. 
 Posterity has done nothing for us; and theorize on 
 it as we may, practically we shall do very little for 
 it, unless we are made to think we are at the same 
 time doing something for ourselves." 
 
Lincoln on Personal Liberty. 
 
 Lincoln then proceeds to close his speech with 
 the following words: "This is the one hundredth 
 and tenth anniversary^ of the birthday of Washing- 
 ton; we are met to celebrate this day. Washington 
 is the mightiest name on earth — long since mightiest 
 in the cause of civil liberty, still mightiest in moral 
 reformation. On that name no eulogy is expected. 
 It cannot be. To add brightness to the sun or 
 glory to the name of Washington is alike impossible. 
 Let none attempt. In solemn awe pronounce the 
 name, and in its naked deathness splendor leaves 
 it shining on." 
 
 George Washington, concerning whom Lincoln 
 spoke with so much eloquence and reverence, was 
 the owner of a distillery. In his will at Mt. Vernon, 
 July 9, 1799, we read as follows: 
 
 "I, George Washington, of Mount Vernon, a citi- 
 zen of the United States and lately President of the 
 same, do make, ordain and declare this instrument, 
 which is written with my own hand and every page 
 thereof subscribed with my name, to be my last 
 will and testament, revoking all others: 
 
 "Item — to my dearly beloved wife, iNIartha Wash- 
 ington, I give and bequeath the use, profit and bene- 
 fit of the whole estate, real and personal, for the 
 term of her natural life. 
 
 "As I also do my household and kitchen furniture 
 of every sort and kind with the LIQUORS and gro- 
 ceries which may be on hand. 
 
 Washington, a Distiller. 
 
 "I give and bequeath to the said Lawrctue Lewis 
 and Klcanor Parke Lewis, his wife, and their heirs, 
 the residue of my Mount Vernon estate — all the land 
 north of the road Icadinj^ from the ford of Doguc 
 Run to the Gum Spring, as described in the device 
 of the other part of the tract to Bushrod Washing- 
 ton until it comes to the stone and three red or 
 Spanish oaks on the knowl — thence with a rectan- 
 gular line to the back line (between Mr. Mason and 
 me), thence with that line westerly along the new 
 double ditch to Dogue Run, by the tumbling dam of 
 my mill, thence with the said run to the ford, afore- 
 mentioned, to which I add all the land I possess 
 west of said Doguc Run and Dogue Creek, bounded 
 
easterly and southerly thereby, together with the 
 mill, DISTILLERY and all other houses and im- 
 provements on the premises, making together about 
 two thousand acres, be it more or less." 
 
 (signed) G. WASHINGTON. 
 Mount Vernon, 9 July, 1799. 
 
 STATE OF VIRGINIA, 
 
 County of Fairfax, to-wit: 
 
 "I, F. W. Richardson, Clerk of the Circuit Court of 
 said county, the said being a Court of Probate and 
 of record, and having a seal, do hereby certify that 
 the foregoing is a true copy of the last Will and 
 Testament of George Washington, deceased, as the 
 same appears of record in the will books of said 
 county in Liber H, No. 1, folio 1, and that the orig- 
 inal of said will is now on file in my said office in 
 said county. 
 
 "IN TESTIMONY of all which I have hereunto 
 set my hand and affixed the seal of said Court at 
 Fairfax, Virginia, this 7th day of February, A. D. 
 1912. 
 
 (Signed) F. W. RICHARDSON, 
 
 (SEAL.) Clerk." 
 
 George Washington, who really gave us the lib- 
 erty v/hich is enjoyed today, was most certainly not 
 a Prohibitionist. It w-as Washington that made pos- 
 sible a Lincoln, and the above gives absolute proof 
 that Abraham Lincoln was not a Prohibitionist, and 
 moreover, went so far as to stock a tavern, and to 
 obtain a license for the sale of liquors. With these 
 facts before us, how can the Anti-Saloon League 
 claim otherwise? 
 
 The fact that Lincoln was a temperance advo- 
 cate and not a Prohibitionist is substantiated by the 
 following quotations taken from the sajdngs and 
 speeches of the immortal President. 
 
 Lincoln also was a believer in "Compensation." 
 
 In a speech delivered in Peoria, 111., October 16, 
 1854, in reply to Senator Douglas (Nicolay & Hay), 
 Lincoln said: 
 
 "pption of abolishing slavery by States within 
 their own limits. It w^as frequently spoken of by 
 members of Congress, and by the citizens of Wash- 
 ington six years ago; and I heard no one express a 
 doubt that a system of gradual emancipation with 
 
 fi3 
 
compensation to owners would meet the approba- 
 tion of a large majority of the white people of the 
 district." 
 
 "Let Each Do As He Pleases." 
 
 Among his notes for speeches, October 1, 1858 
 (Nicolay & Hay, Volume IV, page 231), Lincoln 
 wrote as follows: 
 
 "I am for the people of the whole nation doing 
 just as they please in all matters which concern the 
 whole nation; for that of each Dart doing just as 
 they choose in all matters which concern no other 
 part; and for each individual doing just as he 
 chooses in all matters which concern nobody else." 
 
 In a speech delivered at Columbus, Ohio, Sep- 
 tember 16, 1857 (Nicolay & Hay, Volume V, page 
 149), 'he said: 
 
 "I think a definition of 'popular sovereignty' in the 
 abstract would be about this 'that each man shall 
 do precisely as he pleases with himself, and with 
 all those things that exclusively concern him; that a 
 general government shall do all those things that 
 pertain to it, and all the local governments shall 
 do precisely as they please in respect to those mat- 
 ters which exclusively concern them," 
 
 Whitney in his "Life on the Circuit with Lin- 
 coln" (page 117), comments as follows: 
 
 "To Lincoln's practical mind the business and 
 object of an army was to fight, and not to review, 
 intrench and organize as the end in view. He 
 was always saying to !McClcllan, 'YOU MUST 
 ACT,' When he found that Grant would fight as 
 a fixed rule of action, that atoned, in his opinion, for 
 all his minor dclinciucncics. Some philanthropists 
 came to Lincoln with horror depicted on their coun- 
 tenances, while Grant was in the wilderness, to pro- 
 test against the appalling sacrifice of life. Lincoln 
 listened to tlicir protests, but all he would reply was, 
 with a shrug of his shoulders, 'he fights.' At in- 
 formation tliat Grant was drunk at an important en- 
 gagement, having been known to have several jugs 
 of whiskey at headquarters, Lincoln responded. 'I 
 wish I could send each of our generals a jug of that 
 same whisky!" 
 
LINCOLN BOUGHT BRANDY. 
 
 Here is a copy of an historic document. It is a 
 duplicate of an account taken from a ledger former- 
 Iv kept by R. W. Diller, who, durmg Abraham Lin- 
 coln's earlier days, ran a drug store at 122 South 
 S^xth Street, Spr ngfield, Illinois. The mtrinsic 
 vaTue of thfpage is based on the fact that anything 
 concerning the immortal statesman is regarded with 
 reverence by every citizen who appreciates the doc- 
 trine of personal rights. It has been contended by 
 Xy ha? Mr. Lincoln was a Prohibitionist, and 
 that "^furthermore, when he was quoted as having 
 said "Prohibition will work great injury to the 
 cause of Temperance," he was being charged with 
 something which he did not utter. ^ 
 
 In order to prove the claims , of the disciples of 
 Personal Liberty and personal rights, that Mr Lin- 
 coln not only opposed the doctrine of . Prohibition, 
 but that occasionally he even took a d^mk the Bul- 
 letin sent a representative to the farmer home city 
 of the young Illinois lawyer, and succeeded m pro- 
 curing a copy of a running account kept by Mr. 
 bil er against Abraham Lincoln. The account as 
 it appears on the still well preserved pages is as 
 follows: 
 
 "Abraham Lincoln, 
 In account with: 
 R. W. Diller, 
 
 122 So. 6th Street, 
 Springfield, 111.: 
 1853. 
 
 Aug. 4—1 Pint Brandy $0.50 
 
 tt 22 1 " " 50 
 
 " 13-1 " " 50 
 
 Oct. 1-1 " " SO 
 
 " 8—2 Quarts " 
 
 Mr Diller is dead. His son, Isaac Diller, Is the 
 owner of the property. The drug store has passed 
 on to the hands of Wm. A. Claypool, who sells 
 liquor by the bottle, and lots of it. 
 
 The Chicago Liquor Association offered $1,500 for 
 the account book, but was refused. Therefore, the 
 publisher of the Bulletin takes pleasure m present- 
 ing a fac-simile of the page to its readers as a real 
 live up-to-date scoop. 
 
 65 
 
The item shows a number of other items pur- 
 chased, such as paregoric, tooth brushes, bay rum, 
 etc., showing that Mr. Lincoln, like most people, 
 had occasion to make frequent trips to the drug 
 store. 
 
 Abraham Lincoln, Liberal. 
 
 The Bulletin's representative obtained added proof 
 of Mr. Lincoln's habit by securing an affidavit from 
 Manuel Smith, who had occasion to come in contact 
 with Mr. Lincoln and his partner, Mr. Herndon. 
 This supplemental document carries a great deal of 
 interest. It is as follows: 
 
 "Springfield, 111., Oct. 1, 1915. 
 
 "I, Manuel Smith, of Harvard Park Division, 
 Springfield, 111., do hereby affirm the following to be 
 true and accurate statements: 
 
 That I worked for fifteen (15) years for William 
 Herndon, the former law partner of Abraham Lin- 
 coln, who was afterwards President of the United 
 States; that I received as my share for tilling Air. 
 Herndon's land (-/s) two-thirds of the crop raised, 
 and that during those fifteen years I had frequent 
 conversations on diverse subjects with Mr. Hern- 
 don; and that on several occasions we talked about 
 Mr. Lincoln. Mr. Herndon told me many times 
 that on frequent occasions he and Mr. Lincoln took 
 a drink together. 
 
 (His) 
 Manuel (X) Smith 
 Signed: (Mark) 
 
 Witness to mark, 
 John Hall. 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to before nic this 1st day of 
 October, 1915. 
 
 lames Rcilly, 
 Notary Public." 
 
 It is part of the story that every ciTort has been 
 made to keep the public from learning the contents 
 of the old Dillcr account book. It has been shown 
 only to a few great admirers of the immortal Lin- 
 coln. Therefore, tlie Bulletin in presenting a fac- 
 simile of the Lincoln account congratulates its rcad- 
 rtr, 
 
ers upon the fact that it has established beyond any 
 doubt the truth that the greatest liumanitarian and 
 the broadest statesman the world has produced, was 
 opposed to Prohibition and knew by experience that 
 a temperate indulgence in the cup that cheers, can 
 work no harm to any person. — Boldt's Bulletin. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON AND PROHIBITION. 
 
 ASIDE from the fact that George Washington 
 ^ was a distiller, which fact has been absolutely 
 proven by the evidence exhibited in his will, in 
 which he bequeathed his distillery to his wife, etc., 
 Washington was a lover and connoisseur of wines. 
 He frequently referred to his "Madeira," which was 
 his favorite wine. 
 
 We can best gain an idea of Washington's senti- 
 ments in regard to the liquor question, by quoting 
 from statements which he made, taken from the 
 writings of authors, who have published works con- 
 cerning the life of our first President. 
 
 In the "Writings of George Washington," pub- 
 lished in 1889, by Worthington Chauncy Ford, Vol- 
 ume 1, pages 1 and 2, there is found in a journal of a 
 Survey, made on Wednesday, March 16, 1748, this 
 statement: 
 
 "We set out early and finished about 1 o'clock 
 and then traveled up to Frederick Town, where 
 our baggage came to us. We cleaned ourselves 
 (to get rid of ye game we had catched ye night 
 before.) I took a review of ye town and re- 
 turned to our lodgings where we had a good 
 dinner prepared for us. Wine and Rum Punch 
 in plenty, and a good feather bed with clean 
 sheets, which was a very agreeable regale." 
 
 In Volume 9, page 302, in a letter dated July 13, 
 1781, to the Superintendent of Finance, Washington 
 first refers to needed supplies, and then goes on to 
 say: 
 
 "No magazines of rum have been formed. We 
 have been in a manner destitute of that neces- 
 sary article, and what we are now likely to draw 
 from the several States will be from hand to 
 mouth." 
 
 67 
 
Rum for the Soldiers of '76. 
 
 This letter was written from his Headquarters, 
 near Dobb's Ferry. 
 
 In Volume 9, page 354, again writing to the Su- 
 perintendent of Finance, a letter dated "Chatham, 
 August 27, 1781," says in part: 
 
 "You will be pleased to make the deposit of 
 flour rum and salt meat at the Head of Elk, 
 which I requested in a former letter. I am very 
 fearful that about fifteen hundred barrels of salt 
 provisions and thirty hogsheads of rum, which I 
 directed to be sent from Connecticut and Rhode 
 Island under convoy of Count de Barras, would 
 not have been ready when the fleet sailed from 
 Newport. Should that have been the case, the 
 disappointment will be great. I would wish you 
 to see whether a like quantity of those articles 
 can be procured in Philadelphia or in Maryland, 
 if we should find that they have not gone round 
 from the eastward." 
 
 In A^oUimc 11, pages 4r!4 and 437, in a letter to 
 Gouvcrneur. Morris, dated in "New York, October 
 13, 1789," Washington says in part: 
 
 "Of plated ware may be made I conceive 
 handsome and useful coolers for wine at and 
 after dinner. Those I am in need of, viz.: eight 
 double ones (for Madeira and Claret, the wine 
 usually drank at dinner) each of the apertures 
 to be sufficient to contain a pint decanter, with 
 an allowance in the depth of it for ice at bottom 
 so as to raise the neck of the decanter above 
 the cooler between the apertures. A handle is 
 to be placed by which these double coolers may 
 with convenience be removed from one part of 
 the table to another. For the wine after dinner, 
 four quadruple coolers will be necessary, each 
 aperture of which to be of the size of a quart 
 decanter or quart bottle for four sorts of wine 
 — these decanters or bottles to have ice at bot- 
 tom, and to be elevated thereby as above — a 
 central handle here also will be wanting. 
 
 "Should my description be defective, your 
 imagination is fertile and on this I shall rely." 
 
In Volume 12, page 233, in a letter dated March 
 31, 1789, addressed to "George A. Washington," we 
 read as follows: 
 
 "As I shall want shingles, planks, nails, rum 
 for harvest, scantling, and such like things, 
 which would cost me money at another time, 
 fish may be bartered for them." 
 
 No Objection to Distillery. 
 
 In Volume 13, in a letter to "William Pierce, on 
 August 31, 1794, on page 19," Washington writes as 
 follows: 
 
 "I have no objection to your putting up the 
 still which is at Mount Vernon, if any ad- 
 vantages from it can be derived under the tax 
 which is laid upon it." 
 
 In Volume 13, page 442, a letter dated "Mount 
 Vernon, February 27, 1798," to "William Augustine 
 Washington," says in part: 
 
 "I make use of no barley in my distillery (the 
 operations of which are just commenced). Rye 
 chiefly and Indian corn, in a certain proportion 
 compose the materials from which the whiskey 
 is made. The former I buy @ 4/6, for the latter 
 I have not given more than 17/6, and latterly 
 17/ — delivered at the distillery. It has sold in 
 Alexandria (in small quantities from the 
 wagons) at 16/ and 16/6 per barrel, but at what 
 it goes now I am unable to inform you. So large 
 a quantity as you have for sale may command a 
 good price." 
 
 An unbiased study of the biographies and writ- 
 ings of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln 
 will lead to but one conclusion, namely, that neither 
 of these two great men were Prohibitionists. The 
 foregoing quotations furnish ample proof of this 
 fact. 
 
WHY THE HOBSON RESOLUTION FAILED. 
 
 Arguments Against National Prohibition. 
 In Congress, December 22, 1914. 
 
 The Resolution That Was Debated. 
 
 Resolved by the Senate and House of Representa- 
 tives of the United States of America in Congress 
 assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring 
 therein), That the following amendment of the Con- 
 stitution be, and hereby is, proposed to the States, 
 to become valid as a part of the Constitution when 
 ratified by the Legislatures of the several States as 
 provided by the Constitution: 
 
 ARTICLE.... 
 
 "Section 1. The sale, manufacture for sale, trans- 
 portation for sale, importation for sale of intoxicat- 
 ing liquors for beverage purposes in the United 
 States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction 
 thereof, and exportation for sale thereof, are for- 
 ever prohibited." 
 
 "Section 2. Tlie Congress, or the States within 
 their respective jurisdictions, shall have power to 
 enforce this article by all needful legislation." 
 
 Representative Richard Bartholdt, of Missouri. 
 
 "Mr. Speaker, in the days of witchcraft every 
 man who dared to raise his voice against that mad- 
 ness was immediately suspected, and many were tor- 
 tured and nuirdercd merely because, as sensible men, 
 they had appealed to the common sense of the 
 people. 
 
 "We are reminded of those dark days by the 
 prohibition movement of the present day. Again 
 thousands are under a spell, and the man who has 
 the courage to oppose it by appeals to reason is, if 
 not burned at the stake, as were the witches, at 
 least denounced as a tool of the liquor interests. A 
 mental atmosphere has been created which tends to 
 terrorize political parties, intimidate public men. 
 silence the press, and stifle the honest opinions of 
 the people generally, 
 
 70 
 
"There is, of course, no doubt about the final out- 
 come. In the twentieth century it is easier for hu- 
 man reason to triumph than it was in the sixteenth 
 and seventeenth centuries. A nation which has 
 thrown off the shackles of despotism will not, for 
 any length of time, tyrannize over itself. 
 
 "Unquestionably drunkenness may lead to insan- 
 ity. So do some other excesses. The most reliable 
 statistics of insanity gives as the causes: First, self- 
 pollution and sexual excess; second, religious fanati- 
 cism or excessive zeal. And intemperance is given 
 as the third cause. If the logic of prohibition is to 
 prevail it would be right to unsex mankind, and also 
 to forbid altogether those religious bodies whose 
 practices or teachings lead to insanity. This alone 
 shows the fatuity of unscientific reasoning on a pro- 
 found and intricate social problem. 
 
 "Let me show you how fallacious their reason- 
 ing is. Indeed, it is both fallacious and superficial. 
 Their whole case is based upon the assumption that 
 by withholding the supply you can stop the demand; 
 while, as a matter of fact, the supply of beverages — 
 and of everything else, for that matter — is the effect 
 and not the cause of the demand. If by confounding 
 cause and effect you proceed from false premises 
 it is quite natural that you will arrive at false con- 
 clusions. Suppose there were as many taverns in 
 a city as there were houses, and, on the other hand^ 
 all the people were educated to be total abstainers, 
 what would happen? Every tavern keeper would be 
 starved to death. But, again, if you succeed in 
 closing all the saloons, would this kill the appetite 
 for drink? Not at all. The people would either 
 find a way to manufacture it themselves, or they 
 would resort to substitutes worse than liquor — to 
 drugs such as opium, morphine and cocaine. Of this 
 we have ample proofs; one of them being that the 
 consumption of cocaine is relatively largest in pro- 
 hibition states. Another is the testimony of respon- 
 sible army officers before the Military Committee of 
 this House to the effect that soldier boys stationed 
 in Maine and Kansas have been discovered to re- 
 ceive supplies of cocaine from drug stores of the 
 larger cities. And the use of this poison, mind you, 
 is followed by direct attacks upon the brain cells. 
 Furthermore, if people were compelled to concoct 
 their own drinks, the vilest kind of rot-gut would 
 71 
 
take the place of the pure and well-matured bever- 
 ages which are now consumed. And have you ever 
 considered that the process of home manufacture 
 would be confined almost altogether to the strong 
 spirituous drinks, because these alone can be made 
 by primitive means. 
 
 "It is certainly plain from what I have said that 
 you cannot cure the drink habit by attacking the 
 supply. By legal edict you can destroy all the dis- 
 tilleries and all the breweries and all the saloons, but 
 you cannot destroy or even control the human 
 appetite by such means. The only successful way to 
 serve the cause of true temperance will be to attack 
 the demand, and this can only be done by moral 
 suasion. Therefore, I make bold to say that if all 
 the good men and women who are interested in this 
 cause would use their combined influence to train 
 the youth of the land in the art of self-control and 
 moderation, instead of invoking the power of the law 
 and the police club, their efforts would show much 
 more substantial results." 
 
 Representative Robert L. Henry, of Texas. 
 
 "The proposed amendment might very properly 
 be entitled 'an amendment to legalize the illicit still 
 in the United States.' It might well he entitled — 'An 
 act to encourage the manufacture of intoxicating 
 drink by individuals,' for any man who can raise a 
 few dollars to pay for a still can manufacture as 
 much as he wishes. I am told that whiskey stills 
 are advertised for sale at $15 each., 
 
 "In states where a majority of the people want 
 prohibition, you will have enforcement; in states 
 where a majority are against the proposed amend- 
 ment, you will not have enforcement unless you use 
 Federal constabulary, and where is the man who 
 wishes to see officers from one state sent to another 
 state to aid in the enforcement of law? Such a 
 condition is the first step toward Civil War. God 
 forbid that we have such condition in any state of 
 this Union. Remember, gentlemen, no law is 
 stronger than the jury box. 
 
 "Vou are, therefore, proposing to surrender two 
 hundred and sixty-seven millions of taxes, wliich the 
 Government collects annually from the liquor traffic, 
 and, in my judgment, you are proposing to bring 
 upon the Nation a worse condition than you have 
 
now. This two liundred and sixty-seven . millions 
 must be raised. It can only be raised by taxing 
 something. Do you think the people of the nation 
 are ready to pay two hundred and sixty-seven mil- 
 lions each year to try out an experiment?" 
 
 Representative Martin B. Madden, of Illinois. 
 
 "I believe that the great property interests in- 
 volved in this question ought to be taken into ac- 
 count. The people who are connected with the 
 manufacture and sale of liquor have believed in the 
 past that they were engaging in a business which 
 was recognized by the law. They have invested 
 hundreds of millions of dollars in the business in 
 which they are engaged, and I believe that the Gov- 
 ernment of the United States as a just Government, 
 and the American people, as a just people, ought not 
 to decide a question of this importance without tak- 
 ing into account the propriety of compensating 
 those whose property would be taken away." 
 
 Representative Edward E. Browne, of Wisconsin. 
 
 "It (National Prohibition) would mean the ap- 
 pointment of hundreds of thousands of Government 
 officials — marshals and deputy marshals—by the 
 political party in power to go into the various com- 
 munities to enforce the law. This army of Federal 
 marshals and deputies would be many times larger 
 than the armed military force of the United States 
 today. These officers would, of course, be clothed 
 with authority to search and arrest, and with that 
 power any political party, by intimidation or other- 
 wise, could perpetuate itself in office, the rights of 
 the people in the various communities would be 
 transferred to their Representative at Washington, 
 and the last vestige of the rights of the individual 
 citizens or the local communities and the rights of 
 the states would disappear. 
 
 "We all know that any law affecting the customs 
 and habits of the people is very difficult to enforce 
 unless there is a strong public sentiment in favor 
 of it. 
 
 "The adoption of this amendment would be by 
 State Legislatures, and would not be by a referen- 
 dum vote of the people. A small state like Nevada, 
 with a population of 90,000 people, would count just 
 
as much as a state like New York with 9,000,000 
 people. 
 
 "Counterfeiting our currency is a difficult matter. 
 It is condemned by every citizen in every locality, 
 and yet it takes a large number of Secret Service 
 men appointed by the Government to prevent it. 
 
 "How very easy would it be to manufacture wine 
 and other alcoholic drinks in the United States and 
 also to bring them in over the border without detec- 
 tion, and what an army of officers it would take 
 searching the homes and 'the cellars of the people 
 for illicit stills. 
 
 "How many United States marshals and deputies 
 would it take to enforce a prohibition law in the 
 city of New York, with five and one-half million in- 
 habitants; Chicago, with two and one-half million 
 inhabitants; Philadelphia, Boston, St. Louis, San 
 Francisco — all these cities mentioned aggregating 
 in population over 13,000,000 inhabitants? 
 
 "How many thousand Federal marshals would it 
 take to attempt the enforcement of a prohibition law 
 in these cities? How many jury trials? How many 
 convictions? 
 
 "The police force in New York alone is over 
 10,000, and other great cities' are relativiely as large. 
 The sympatliy of the local officers would be on the 
 side of public sentiment in these cities. 
 
 "There would be a constant conflict between this 
 army of local police officers and the Federal officers 
 in regard to the enforcement of the law." 
 
 Representative Oscar W. Underwood, of Alabama. 
 
 "Of the taxes levied on liquors $226,200,000 were 
 received from internal revenue, and $19,200,000 from 
 customs, making the total $245,400,000. Aside from 
 the Federal Revenue, I find that the revenue derived 
 by the states from licenses amounted to $21,000,000, 
 from counties $6,600,000 and from incorporated 
 places having a population of 2,.')00 and over $52,- 
 000,000, or a total that the states derived from liquor 
 licenses of $79,600,000. This makes the total in the 
 United States from all sources $;i25,000,000." 
 
 Representative T. Campbell Cantrill, of Kentucky. 
 
 "Our friends on the other side tell us that they 
 have been successful in the states in the cause of 
 
 74 
 
temperance. I accept Mr, Hobson as their greatest 
 leader and best-posted adviser, and I quote from a 
 letter which he addressed to President Wilson on 
 September 30, 1914, on this subject: 
 
 " 'I am convinced that such an increased tax 
 would wipe out of existence at least 50,000 blind 
 tigers and would produce a net revenue of $125,000,- 
 000 to $150,000,000. Let me call your attention to the 
 fact that these blind tigers and blind pigs and other 
 low dives that would be suppressed are the chief 
 agents which debauch the boys. Investigation 
 shows that the drunkard contracts his habits before 
 he reaches his majority, and it is not drinking men 
 that teach boys to drink, but these blind tigers 
 operated systematically in spite of law and local 
 regulations." 
 
 "If state regulation has built up 50,000 blind 
 tigers in this country, how many more thousands 
 will come as the result of national prohibition? The 
 law can only be enforced in communities where pub- 
 lic sentiment is back of it, and national prohibition 
 to be enforced would require this country to be 
 Russianized. 
 
 "There is in the land a great body of high-priced 
 paid agitators who are clamoring for national pro- 
 hibition. It is their profession, and members of this 
 House should not be swept off their feet by demands 
 from that body. The paid leaders have not dealt 
 fairly with the great body of the people in the coun- 
 try. They have misled thousands of sincere, honest, 
 and God-fearing people into believing that this reso- 
 lution means prohibition, when in reality it means 
 unrestricted manufacture of intoxicating liquors." 
 
 Representative Julius Kahn, of California. 
 
 "Mr. Speaker, prohibition is not temperance. 
 Temperance makes for human progress. It should 
 be invoked in regard to our food, our drink, our 
 dress, and even our physical exercise. As many 
 people die from overeating as die from excessive 
 use of alcohol. Excessive physical exercise has fre- 
 quently led to heart failure and death. Temperance, 
 not alone in the use of alcohol, but temperance in 
 everything that affects the human race, is what 
 should be taught in the homes and in the schools 
 of this country. Temperance harms no one, on 
 the contrary, it does good. Prohibition, on the 
 
 75 
 
other hand, has generally resulted in making men 
 liars, sneaks, and hypocrites. If men want liquor, 
 they can invariably get it, and they can get it even 
 in prohibition states." 
 
 Representative J. Henry Goeke, of Ohio. 
 
 Farm Products Used. 
 
 "In the course of 1913 corn and other farm pro- 
 ducts of the value of $113,884,568 were used in the 
 manufacture of liquors. This amount does not rep- 
 resent the value of the products so used in the Chi- 
 cago and other markets, but the actual sum re- 
 ceived by the growers, based upon the carefully com- 
 piled reports of the Department of Agriculture pub- 
 lished from time to time. 
 
 *'It is computed that in raising these products the 
 farmer paid for labor a total of $13,485,460, a 
 sum suf^cient to employ 74,919 persons for six 
 months at an average wage of $30 per month. 
 
 "Not over one in one thousand are drunkards. 
 Are we to be asked for this one-tenth of 1 per cent, 
 to wreck commerce, plunge millions of men and 
 women into competition with other lines of trade 
 and labor, make idle over 4,000,000 acres of farm land 
 tilled by over 100,000 farmers, curtail the output 
 of mines and mine labor supplies, the machinery for 
 about 3,000 large plants i-^ this country, curtail the 
 labor and products of glass factories, lumber mills, 
 supply companies, coal mines, and a thousand other 
 lines of trade where men toil and capital has wrought 
 to produce happiness and comfort for millions of 
 families who are all more or less dependent upon 
 the brewing interests for their prosperity?" 
 
 Representative Claude U. Stone, of Illinois. 
 
 "There is State-wide prohibition in Maine, and 
 the Wcbb-Kcnyon law prevents tlic overriding of that 
 law by other States, and yet there are cities in Maine 
 that have more shops per capita for the public sale 
 of liquor than my home city, which is the greatest 
 distilling city in the world. In parts of Maine can- 
 didates for sheriff, who have the enforcing of the 
 law, cannot be elected to office if they do not give a 
 public pledge that they will violate their oath of 
 office and will not enforce the law. The same can 
 be said of Georgia, another prohibition State. It is 
 
 76 
 
for this reason that the people should be permitted to 
 determine by their own votes the character of re- 
 straint that shall be placed upon themselves." 
 
 Representative Michael J. Gill, of Missouri. 
 
 "As a representative of labor on this floor, I arn 
 proud to stand in unison with my old associate and 
 co-worker, Samuel Gompers, of the American Federa- 
 tion of Labor, and state with added emphasis that 
 it would be far better, far more wise, more moral, and 
 a thousand times more desirable to take the position 
 of organized labor on this question and insist on: 
 
 (a) Increasing wages. 
 
 (b) Shorter hours of work. 
 
 (c) More leisure, so as to afford an opportunity 
 for the cultivation of: 
 
 (1) Better tastes. ^ 
 
 (2) Better aspirations. 
 
 (3) Higher ideals. 
 
 (4) Better standard of living. , 
 
 (5) Freedom from the burdens of excessive toil. 
 
 (6) Better homes and surroundings for the poor— 
 than try to effect statutory law that which must come 
 from the ever-expanding consciousness of a world s 
 people." 
 
 Representative John A. M. Odair, o£ Indiana. 
 
 "Under the Hobson plan anyone w^ho desired to 
 do so could fit up a still at a cost of from $5 up, ac- 
 cording to the amount of whisky he wanted to make 
 could manufacture all he wanted for his own use, and 
 give all he wanted to give to his neighbors regard- 
 less of their age, without violating the law. With the 
 tax off it would be so cheap that cafes, restaurants, 
 and hotels could serve it free with meals which they 
 would have the right to do under the Hobson reso- 
 lution. Social and fraternal clubs would have the 
 right to hire a distillery or brewery m my State, to 
 manufacture a trainload of whisky or beer, and ship 
 it to their club rooms, where it could not be sold, but 
 could be given away to members of the club or any- 
 one else, regardless of age, without violating the law. 
 With the tax off, whisky would only cost about one- 
 third of 1 cent a drink, and social clubs could hx 
 their annual dues at $10 per year, which would be 
 sufficient to supply all the intoxicating hquors its 
 membership could use." 
 
 77 
 
"The fact is, Mr. Speaker, this resolution should 
 have been labeled the 'Hobson free-whisky resolu- 
 tion' instead of the 'Hobson prohibition resolution.* 
 In the language of my good friend from Indiana, Mr. 
 Morris, under this resolution 'every lad would be his 
 own moonshiner, and every lad would be his own 
 bootlegger.' Whisky would be cheap and easy to 
 get, and an era of drunkenness, with its attendant de- 
 bauchery and crime, would sweep over this country 
 such as the mind is scarcely able to conceive of." 
 
 Representative Everis A. Hayes, of California. 
 
 "Mr. Speaker, I represent a district which has 
 more grape vineyards probably than any other dis- 
 trict in the country. These vineyards are generally 
 small, averaging usually, from 10 to 40 acres each. 
 The owner of each of these practically has his all 
 invested in his vineyard, and upon his yearly crop 
 of grapes, himself and his family are dependent for 
 their living. It should be said that these grapes are 
 valueless for any purpose except wine making. For 
 many years our State has maintained at public ex- 
 pense a viticultural commission and in every way 
 encouraged the planting of vineyards and the de- 
 velopment of the wine industry. 
 
 "Under these circumstances I cannot bring my- 
 self to believe that it is my duty to vote for a meas- 
 ure, the effect of which will be to render these little 
 vineyards valueless. If this proposed constitutional 
 amendment provided for compensating those who are 
 directly and unavoidably damaged by its provisions, 
 which it should do, I should feel very different about 
 it. This was the method pursued a few years ago 
 by the Cantons of Switzerland when they adopted 
 prohibition, and it is the civilized, the only equitable 
 way to proceed in this case." 
 
 Representative Andrew J. Barchfeld, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 "My district, the thirty-second congressional dis- 
 trict of Pennsylvania, is the work-shop of the world. 
 I represent a constituency of over 300,000 inhabitants 
 in five city wards and the outlying boroughs and 
 townships of Allegheny County, south of the Monon- 
 gahela and Ohio rivers. In times of our prosperity, 
 100.000 men go each dav, except the Sabbath, to the 
 furnace door of the steel mills, the dark depths of 
 
 7S 
 
the coal mines, and the furious activity of the fac- 
 tories, many of them with their lives in their hands, 
 and draw from the minerals and materials of the 
 earth, the wealth of her resources. 
 
 "These people look upon alcoholic liquors as a 
 right, inborn and God given. What Prohibitionist 
 from the corn fields of Kansas, the cotton fields of 
 Alabama, or the seacoast of Maine, where the boot- 
 legger votes for prohibition, has a right to command 
 a steel worker in my district that faces 2,800 degrees 
 Fahrenheit at the furnace door, that he may not 
 have his beer when his heat is ended. Stimulant to 
 that constituent of mine is a food, and he would tell 
 you it was a necessity. When the long day's work 
 is over, the kind of a day's work" that no agitator for 
 prohibition can understand or appreciate, these men, 
 as have their forefathers for generations, drink their 
 beer, their wine, or their whisky, and they will 
 defy all the prohibitionists in America to give one 
 good reason why they should not. 
 
 "Let me tell you that in times of prosperity, the 
 Jones & Laughlin, American Iron and Steel Works 
 employs 10,000 men; the United States Steel cor- 
 poration, 22,000 men; and the Pittsburg Coal Co., 
 11,000 men; and other industries similar great num- 
 bers in my district, and without drunkenness or 
 excess these men demand places near the mills where 
 they can secure their whisky and their beer, a 
 bowl of soup and a ration of meat, that will replace 
 the mighty energies they expand upon their labors. 
 
 "I am a doctor of medicine by profession. The 
 Hobson resolution begins with the statement that 
 "Exact scientific research has demonstrated that 
 alcohol is a narcotic poison." As a physician, I state 
 that this is either a play on words or an outright 
 misstatement. In either event it is misleading, and 
 flies in the face of medical practice and physiological 
 science. 
 
 "I, in part, represent the church people of Pitts- 
 burg; and we have as many church members in 
 Pittsburg as they have in the whole state of Maine. 
 Allegheny County has as many church members as 
 the whole State of Kansas. More than that, we have 
 a greater percentage of church members in Pitts- 
 burg than can be found in any prohibition state or 
 
 79 
 
distriet anywhere in the United States. Pennsyl- 
 \-ania and New York have one and one-half times as 
 many church people as all the prohibition States of 
 the Union put together. 
 
 "So I assume to speak for the majority of the 
 church people as well as others of my constituents, 
 and I do not leave that to Brother Hobson or the 
 officers of the Anti-Saloon League. 
 
 A World-Old Problem. 
 
 "So far as this scientific aspect of the liquor 
 question is concerned incidentally, it is exactly the 
 same today that it has been since that early day in 
 the dawn of civilization when alcoholic liquors were 
 first made a part of the civilized human's diet — I re- 
 fer all true students of this great question to the 
 report of the Committee of Fifty on th-e Physiological 
 Aspects of the Liquor Problem, published in 1905. 
 The conclusions reached by that eminent body of 
 impartial investigators are at variance with the new 
 discovery. Undoubtedly, however, in the prohibition 
 propaganda we will always have the type of expert 
 who, for his preconceived notion or the mere sake 
 of his employment, will reach the kind of conclusions 
 which Captain Hobson has so elaborately set forth 
 when he demonstrated that three ounces of alcohol, 
 instead of having a food value or a fair effect of 
 stimulation, was truly the great destroyer. 
 
 "I am not defending alcohol for excessive use or 
 advocating its use at all, I decry drunkcnnes as much 
 as Captain Hobson, and we have little of it in Pitts- 
 burg. I simply say that wanton denunciation of 
 alcohol does more harm than good; that we should 
 honestly teach temperance and not dishonestly preach 
 prohibition; that wc should, above all, tell the truth 
 and abstain from lies, and remember that after all 
 each man nuist control himself and if he uses liquors 
 be temperate in their use. It is well to remember 
 that a man may kill himself by overeating, and that 
 a favorite metiiod of committing suicide in China is 
 by eating a half cupful of common table salt at one 
 sitting." 
 
 PROHIBITION NOT WANTED IN FRANCE. 
 
 THE prohibitionists arc daily publishing accounts 
 of the progress which their propaganda is mak- 
 ing in war-ridden Europe, and arc attempting to 
 SO 
 
use the garbled reports which they present as an 
 argument for national prohibition in the United 
 States. 
 
 The falsity of these statements by which the pro- 
 hibitionists seek to obtain publicity for their cause 
 shows up very plainly in the following verbatim 
 report from M. Henri Schmidt, in a recent number 
 of the World's Work: 
 
 The leader in the fight against absinthe in France 
 is a German-named deputy from the hard-drinking 
 Vosges district, Henri Schmidt. He was returned 
 to the Assembly and introduced the bill which put 
 an end to absinthe in Francp. 
 
 He is a type of officer quite familiar in France, 
 tall, athletic, serious. Although engrossed in the 
 affairs of war, he was able to put them aside, and 
 proceeded directly to tell me what I wanted to know. 
 
 No Puritanism in Movement. 
 
 "You must understand at once," he says, "that 
 our struggle for temperance in France is different 
 from the struggle in England and the United States. 
 We have no intention of attempting prohibition. 
 There is nothing of Puritanism in our movement. 
 We are not Interested in making the French people 
 a race of teetotalers. It would not be possible, and 
 vy;e would not care to accomplish it, if It were. We 
 have nothing against wine and light beers. I drink 
 them, and so do the other members of the Assembly 
 who are fighting alcoholism. 
 
 "There Is another point In which our problem in 
 France Is different from yours. It is only about 
 fifty years old. It began with the discovery of 
 absinthe. Alcoholism is a comparatively new word 
 in the French language. Until very recent years 
 the French dictionary referred to it as a disease of 
 the cold countries. There was then practically no 
 alcoholism In France. For France, up to the middle 
 of the last century, was a nation of wine-drinkers. 
 There was very little drunkenness and hardly any 
 physical degeneration from drink." 
 
 All this does not sound as If an organization on a 
 par with the Anti-Saloon League would "get very 
 far" in France. 
 
 81 
 
FORCE VS. FREE WILL. 
 
 No true man looks 
 
 To statute books 
 For moral guide and might; 
 
 To banish sin 
 
 He looks within, 
 And triumphs in the right. 
 
 'Tis true, a State 
 
 May legislate 
 On moral lines, but then 
 
 It is a fake, 
 
 For laws can't make 
 Sober or Godly men. 
 
 He but disputes 
 
 Man's attributes, 
 His inbred virtues strong, 
 
 Who says he's prone. 
 
 If left alone, 
 To sway from right to wrong. 
 
 Freemen despise 
 
 Those legal lies 
 Framed to defeat free will, 
 
 And hate the course 
 
 Tliat's shaped by force, 
 Whether for good or ill. 
 
 But now we'll see 
 
 Morality 
 Taught by strict legal rules; 
 
 All men will share 
 
 Compulsive prayer. 
 Worship, and Sunday schools. 
 
 For now the State 
 
 Must regulate 
 Man's private life and worth, 
 
 And all his needs 
 
 And churchly creeds 
 Be shaped by law from birth. 
 
 By the old plan 
 
 'Twas God made man, 
 And God that saved from sin, 
 
 For God, not laws, 
 
 Wiped out man's flaws. 
 And made him strong within. 
 
 S. M. G. — A Son of Virginia. 
 
FINANCIAL RESULTS OF PROHIBITION. 
 
 A SHORT, pithy and intensely interesting article 
 *^ on a subject which is giving thousrands of serious- 
 minded men food for thought is found in the Maga- 
 zine of Wall Street for April 17. This article is 
 headed, "The Financial Results of Prohibition," and 
 is written by W. R. Couch. It speaks in emphatic 
 tones for itself. Here it is: 
 
 "What would be the result if the entire liquor 
 industry in the United States were wiped out? This 
 is the momentous issue facing the people now — and 
 3'et the subject is not discussed seriously and hon- 
 estly by the press. 
 
 "The following figures can be verified by consult- 
 ing the government's statistics: 
 
 Capital invested in the liquor in- 
 dustry $1,294,583,426.00 
 
 Annual disbursements other than 
 
 wages 1,121,696,097.36 
 
 Annual disbursement for wages 453,872,553.00 
 
 Total $2,870,152,076.36 
 
 Out of 257 industries specified by the United 
 States census of 1910 only five had a larger amount 
 of capital invested than the liquor industry. 
 
 "The value of farm products used are as follows: 
 
 Barley $55,236,641 
 
 Corn 30,924,335 
 
 Wheat 869,938 
 
 Rice 7,288,786 
 
 Hops 11,155,215 
 
 Rye 4,604,476 
 
 Molasses 2,056,626 
 
 Fruit 751,835 
 
 Other products 626,119 
 
 "Applying mathematics to the United States 
 census report you will find that during 1913 the 
 liquor interests contributed $13,485,460 to farm labor, 
 or a sum sufficient for the employment of 7,419 per- 
 sons for six months at $30 per month. The liquor 
 industry and the allied industries give employment 
 to considerably over 1,000,000 people, and if their 
 dependents are considered, a grand total of about 
 4,000,000 persons are involved. 
 
 83 
 
Means Increased Taxes. 
 
 "The retail liquor trade alone pays $199,438,882 
 per annum for rent — and this does not include hotels, 
 etc., that will be seriously affected. There will be 
 thousands of buildings vacant, with the result, if 
 supply and demand mean anything, that real estate 
 values will decrease, but taxes will increase because 
 of a decreased revenue to state and government. 
 
 "The amount of insurance carried by the retail 
 trade alone is estimated at approximately $226,772,180. 
 The annual disbursements for license fees for 
 1913 amounted to $109,254,044 — a goodly sum to 
 make up by direct taxation, and this does not include 
 lees from drug stores, grocery stores and such estab- 
 lishments that distribute liquor. There is approxi- 
 mately $500,000,000 collected annually in federal, 
 state, county and city taxes from the liquor busi- 
 ness which will be wiped out by prohibition. There 
 would be a deficit in the national treasury under 
 prohibition of at least $325,000,000 a year. 
 
 New York Interests. 
 
 "What would prohibition and local option mean 
 to New York state alone? There are 152,000 per- 
 sons employed — annual wages paid. $128,000,000; 
 value of product in trade. $842,000,000; internal 
 revenue tax for 1914, $72,000,000; number of farms 
 devoted to hops culture, 2,227; acreage, 12,850." 
 
 "RUM" A MERE VULGARISM. 
 
 pvR. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES was one of 
 *-^ the clearest thinkers of his day, and one of the 
 most valued contributors to American literature. 
 
 He detested proiiibition, as he did every other 
 form of bigotry and hypocrisy founded upon fallacy. 
 When a second attempt was made to fasten prohibi- 
 tion on his state (^L1ssachusctts) after the law had 
 been tested and repealed. Dr. Holmes was one of the 
 leaders in the figlit against it. His opinions on this 
 question are well expressed in his "Autocrat of the 
 Breakfast Table," when he referred to the French 
 wine with enthusiasm, and in reply to the divinity 
 student's question if he believed in a diet of rum, 
 makes the old autocrat say: 
 
 "Rum, I take to be the name which unwashed 
 moralists apply alike to the product distilled 
 from mollasscs and the noblest juices of the 
 
 84 
 
vineyard. Burgundy, 'in all its sunset glow* 
 is rum. Champagne, 'soul of the foaming grape 
 of Eastern France,' is rum. Hock, which our 
 friend, the poet, speaks of as: 
 
 "'The Rhine's breast-milk, gushing cold and 
 
 bright. 
 Pale as the moon and maddening as her light'." 
 
 is rum. Sir, I repudiate the loathsome vulgarism 
 as an insult to the first miracle wrought by the 
 Founder of our religion. I believe in temperance, 
 nay, almost in abstinence, for healthy people. 
 I trust that I practice both. But let me tell you 
 there are companies of men of genius into 
 which I sometimes go, where the atmosphere of 
 intellect and sentiment is so much more stimulat- 
 ing than alcohol, that if I thought fit to take wine 
 it would be to keep me sober. Among the gentle- 
 men I have known, few, if any, were ruined by 
 drinking. My few drunken acquaintances were 
 generally ruined before they became drunkards. 
 The habit of drinking is often a vice, no doubt 
 — sometimes a misfortune — as when an almost 
 irresistible hereditary propensity exists to in- 
 dulge in it — but oftenest of all a punishment." 
 
 The old autocrat then remarked: 
 
 "Men get intoxicated with rnusic, with poetry, 
 with religious excitement, oftenest with love. 
 Ninone de I'Enclos said she was so easily excited 
 that her soup intoxicated her, and convalescents 
 have been made tipsy by a beefsteak." 
 
 THE NEED OF DEFENSE. 
 
 'T'HERE are national publications running now in 
 * the advocacy of the prohibition of those things 
 which make life worth while — those things which 
 help us forget the sordidness of our usually hum- 
 drum living. 
 
 Miinsterberg, in his "American Problems," discuss- 
 ing "Prohibition and Temperance," has this to say: 
 
 "The inhibition by alcohol, too, may have in 
 the right place its very desirable purpose, and 
 no one ought to be terrified by such physiolog- 
 ical statements, even if inhibition is called a 
 partial paralysis. Yes, it is partial paralysis, but 
 
 85 
 
no education, no art, no politics, no religion, is 
 possible without such partial paralysis. What 
 else are hope and belief and enjoyment and 
 enthusiasm but a re-enforcement of certain 
 mental states, with corresponding inhibition — 
 that is paralysis — of the opposite ideas? If a 
 moderate use of alcohol can help in this most 
 useful blockade, it is an ally and not an enemy. 
 If wine can overcome and suppress the con- 
 sciousness of the little miseries and of the 
 drudgery of life, and thus set free and re-enforce 
 the unchecked enthusiasm for the dominant idea, 
 if wine can make one forget the frictions and 
 pains and give again the feeling of unity and 
 frictionless power — by all means let us use this 
 helper to civilization. It was a well-known 
 philosopher who couples Christianity and alcohol 
 as the two great means of mankind to set us 
 free from pain. But nature provided mankind 
 with other means of inhibition; sleep is still 
 more radical, and every fatigue works in the 
 same direction; to inhibit means to help and to 
 prepare for action." 
 
 Continuing, he says: 
 
 "What would result If prohibition should really 
 prohibit, and all the inhibitions which a mild use 
 of beer and wine i^romise to the brain really be 
 lost? The psychological outcome would be 
 two-fold: certain effects of alcohol which serve 
 civilization would be lost; and, on the other 
 hand, harmful substitutions would set In. To 
 begin with, the nation ivould lose its chcif means 
 of recreation after worjc. We know today too 
 well tliat physical exercise and sport Is not real 
 rest for the exhausted brain-cells. The Ameri- 
 can masses work hard throughout the day. The 
 sharp physical and mental labor, the constant 
 hurry and drudgery produce a state of tension 
 and irritation which demands before the night's 
 sleep some dulling inhibition if a dangerous 
 unrest is not to set in. Alcohol relieves that 
 daily tension most directly." 
 
 Hugo Afiinstcrbcrg, professor of Psychology of 
 Harvard University, has made a wise tliougii frank 
 statement in the above, and his utterances carry 
 weight, coming as the words of one who really 
 
 thinks. 
 
 86 
 
"RECOGNIZED NECESSITIES OF A LAWFUL 
 BUSINESS." 
 
 NO decision of greater importance to the friends 
 of the liberal interests of the United States was 
 ever rendered than that handed down by the Supreme 
 Court of the United States on January 26, 1914, 
 establishing the right of distillers to issue warehouse 
 receipts for whisky stored in bonded warehouses in 
 the manner and form which has prevailed for over 
 fifty years. 
 
 It was this right which was attacked and which has 
 been sustained by the court of last resort in our 
 land. The importance of this decision cannot be 
 overestimated. 
 
 In this case, No. 115— October Term 1913 in the 
 closing paragraph of the text the court has this to 
 say: "But we know of no ground for thus condemn- 
 ing honest transactions which grow out of the recog- 
 nized necessities of a lawful business." 
 
 So the Supreme Court of the United States has 
 endorsed the business of selling beer, wine and 
 whiskey. What then of the howls to the contrary 
 of the Anti-Saloon League? 
 
 CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS. 
 
 Official Statistics Refute Prohibitionists' Theory. 
 
 'THE American Statistical Association issues a 
 ^ quartely publication, which, under date of Sep- 
 tember 15, 1915, contained an article entitled "A 
 Study of the Causes of Industrial Accidents." The 
 abstracts from this article which follow need no 
 additional comment, as they speak for themselves: 
 
 "Discussing the Prohibition conditions in New 
 York State the author of this article says: 
 
 "Although further reports must be awaited, 
 giving detailed statistics of accident causes in 
 New York State, yet there is one vital fact al- 
 ready available from the records of the legal de- 
 partment of the New York State Workmen's 
 Compensation Commission throwing light upon 
 the mooted question of personal negligence. 
 In yie^v of the provisions of this act making in- 
 toxication a cause of exclusion of awards, it is 
 important to inquire into the results. The Legal 
 
Department says there were but a very small 
 number of cases — not more than 100 in a total 
 of 18,930 awards allowed — in which the question 
 of intoxication was raised by either the employe 
 or insurance carrier, and that in no single case 
 did the Commission decide that the injuries were 
 due solely to intoxication, nor was a single 
 claim disallowed on the grounds of intoxication. 
 It is evident that this element so frequently al- 
 leged as a fertile cause of accidents was not ob- 
 servable in the investigations made in New York 
 State. 
 
 New Jersey's Sad Experience. 
 
 Referring to New Jersey he says: 
 
 "The New Jersey Workmen's Compensation 
 Law w^as enacted in 1911, intoxication was in- 
 cluded among the acts of 'negligence,' which 
 might invalidate a claim. The report from New 
 Jersey for 1913 says: 'Of 4,276 cases entitled 
 to compensation, the greater part were settled 
 promptly. The fact that of all the cases reported 
 as compensated, 93.2 per cent were settled auto- 
 matically, i. e., without reference to a court, 
 speaks well for the law. This fact evidently 
 shows that willful negligence, whether in the 
 form of intoxication or in the other ways 
 described in the act, was so nearly absent as a 
 factor as to be dismissed from consideration.' " 
 
 Quoting statistics from the report of the Mas- 
 sachusetts Industrial Board the writer says: 
 
 "In view of the assertions frequently made that 
 Monday is the principal accident day, due to the 
 effects of 'Sunday celebration,' these statistics 
 showing results contrary to that view are in- 
 structive. The statistics given for the year 1914, 
 for non-fatal accidents, would seem to show tliere 
 were more accidents on Tuesday, Wednesday 
 and Thursday, than on ^Monda}'." 
 
 The report continues: 
 
 "So far as wilful negligence (including intoxi- 
 cation) may enter into the matter of fault, tiiere 
 is, judging from the returns, hardly any of it ad- 
 mixed with the causes of industrial accidents in 
 Massachusetts. Of 156 cases contested by appeal 
 to the arbitration committees or to the courts, 
 ss 
 
from July 12, 1912, to June 30, 1913, there were 
 only 4 cases in which there was any charge of 
 intoxication, and in only 3 cases were claims 
 denied on that ground." 
 
 Negligence a Big Factor. 
 
 "The records of the Industrial Commission of 
 Wisconsin show that in only 4 or 5 cases out 
 of the 18,139 cases up to January 1, 1915, has 
 the employer made any claim that the employe 
 was intoxicated, and in only 1 case has the Com- 
 mission found that the injury was caused by in- 
 toxication. In view of these returns, the ques- 
 tion of intoxication is not to be seriously con- 
 sidered as a direct cause of industrial accidents 
 in Wisconsin." 
 
 "California reports say: 'No substantiation is 
 found in these returns for the extreme assertion, 
 so often made, that the bulk of accidents hap- 
 pen on Monday and are the result of the use of 
 alcohol on Sunday.' 
 
 "In its first annual report that of 1912, the 
 Industrial Insurance Commission of the State of 
 Washington says: 'Framers of compensation acts 
 in other states and of the Federal Bills for rail- 
 way employees engaged in interstate commerce 
 have devoted considerable attention to intoxica- 
 tion as productive of work accidents.' The re- 
 cords of this Commission do not show many 
 cases of intoxication." 
 
 In summing up the matter the statistician says: 
 
 • "The returns show that deliberate reckless- 
 ness or intoxication is not frequent as a cause of 
 accidents, in fact is so exceedingly slight as not 
 to require serious consideration in the analysis 
 of the immense number of accidents occurring 
 in the United States annually. This conclusion 
 seems to be further borne out by the statistics in 
 the federal report dealing with the cases under 
 the United States Workmen's Compensation act 
 of 1908. Of 406 contested cases in four years 
 (in the total number of accidents, the majority 
 of the claims of which were allowed) negligence 
 or misconduct was alleged in 80 cases and in 
 only 1 case was intoxication charged, and that 
 charge was not substantiated by the courts." 
 
PROHIBITION IN DIXIE. 
 
 Official Light Thrown on Dry States in the South. 
 
 ttpiNANCE" of Xovember 13, 1915, contained an 
 * interesting article covering the success of 
 Prohibition in the South. 
 
 The people of the South, without seeking infor- 
 mation from either the officials of the "wet" or the 
 "dry" organizations "sought light on the question 
 from the only unprejudiced source — officials who 
 receive and disburse moneys of the municipalities 
 and the states." 
 
 Alabama's $3,000,000 Deficit. 
 
 Alabama is now struggling with a deficit of about 
 $3,000,000, which appears to be the result of prohibi- 
 tion. To bring the nmnicipal conditions, in concrete 
 form, into plain review, we will cite the city of 
 Birmingham. This city, according to an editorial 
 published in the Survey of September, 1915, has 
 discontinued its street cleaning and garbage collec- 
 tion. It has dispensed with its health officer, city 
 physician and market inspector, extinguished half 
 the lights, cut the school term from nine to seven 
 months, and reduced by 10 per cent the salaries of 
 teachers, who were receiving over $75 a month. It 
 has discontinued one-third of its police force, and 
 put the remainder on a twelve-hour shift. It has 
 closed several fire stations, stopped every cent of its 
 appropriations to hospitah, children's homes and 
 charities, and reduced by one-third the allowance 
 for the maintenance of parks. In short, the city has 
 cut its expenses $340,000. It was compelled to make 
 this cut because it costs the city $1,228,629 a year to 
 operate, and only $896,556 was available. 
 
 Then again more people are engaged in the pro- 
 duction of illicit liquor in Alabama than ever before, 
 despite the earnest ellorts of the secret service offi- 
 cials to stamp it out. There were 179 illicit distil- 
 leries seized and destroyed in 1906; in 1914 the 
 number had risen to 308. 
 
 Dry Georgia's Condition. 
 
 For lack of funds Georgia has been compelled to 
 hold up the salaries of school teachers, and recently 
 
has had to place an additional $3,500,000 bond issue 
 on the market. Several cities and counties of 
 Georgia, however, derive considerable revenue from 
 licensing beer saloons, otherwise the deficit would be 
 still greater. 
 
 Prohibition in Georgia, has been the means of 
 stimulating the illicit sale of intoxicants on a scale 
 never before experienced. There were 802 illicit 
 distilleries seized in 1914 as against 373 in 1906. 
 
 Tennessee's $6,000,000 Loss. 
 
 What has been the effect of seven years of prohi- 
 bition in Tennessee? At least $6,000,000 worth of 
 property was destroyed and 10,000 men thrown out 
 of employment as an initial result, while the final 
 result, as it appears at this writing, is that the ex- 
 pense of the state government has more than doubled 
 since the law went into effect, and there is a deficit 
 of $1,022,000 in the state revenues. 
 
 As a consequence of the loss in revenues, taxes 
 have been greatly increased. The tax commission 
 of the Tennessee State Manufacturers' Association, 
 after an exhaustive investigation, reported: "There 
 is a tendency throughout the state to increase taxes 
 on an already over-burdened people, both by con- 
 stant Increase of the assessments as well as the rate. 
 Economy in public affairs, whether state, city or 
 county, is the exception and not the rule." 
 
 It was boldly stated before the law was passed 
 that the saloon was the cause of crime and that 
 once it was extinguished the police force of the state 
 would be greatly reduced; but the results have not 
 borne out this theory. There have been so many 
 violations of the prohibition law, and so varied were 
 the surreptitious methods employed, that in Nash- 
 ville, Memphis and Chattanooga it has been found 
 that if the law was to be even partially enforced a 
 much larger police force was necessary. The em- 
 ployment of these extra policemen and a greatly 
 increased cost of criminal prosecution has about 
 doubled the state and municipal expense for dealing 
 with crime since prohibition went into effect. 
 
 Illicit distilleries have abounded in Tennessee as in 
 other Southern prohibition States. In the year 1906 
 there were but 54 establishments of this kind seized, 
 while in 1914, 249 were destroyed. 
 
 91 
 
Nashville's Complicated Finances. 
 
 Nashville, in particular, has been plunged Into 
 serious financial trouble. Without submitting the 
 question to a vote of the people the city sold bonds 
 in the sum of $987,000 to make up a deficit brought 
 about largely by the cutting off of privilege licenses 
 money formerly paid by liquor sellers. This fact, 
 joined with muddled municipal matters, led to a 
 motion on the part of certain citizens and taxpayers 
 to have a receiver appointed for the city. The motion 
 was granted in the Court of Chancery, but was re- 
 versed by the higher courts on the grounds that no 
 law existed by which a municipality could be thrown 
 into receivership. 
 
 The enforcement of the law in Tennessee has 
 made vacant more than six hundred business houses 
 in the four largest cities of the state, and 75 per cent 
 of them are vacant today. They formerly yielded to 
 their owners an average monthly income of $50. 
 Thus it will be seen that there is an economic loss 
 to these property owners of about $360,000 a year. 
 
 Taxes in Dry West Virginia. 
 
 In July, 1915, West Virginia entered its first year 
 of state-wide prohibition, and a year's experience 
 has resulted in the highest rate of taxation ever 
 known in the history of tlie state. The Yost law 
 deprived the state treasury of $650,000 a year in 
 licenses formerly taken out by the liquor dealers. 
 The several counties of the state that had retained 
 the license system under local option were deprived 
 of a like amount. The state increased taxes of all 
 kinds to make up the loss and the cities and counties 
 did the same. As a consequence, taxes are higher 
 than ever before tliroughout the state. 
 
 Litigation over arrests for violating the prohibition 
 law has choked the courts until there is a demand 
 for new tribunals and a greater number of officers. 
 Judging by the many cases and the testimony given 
 at trials, liquor is still plentiful in the state. 
 
 The story of State-wide Prohibition seems to be 
 tlic same in every commonwealth that has allied 
 itself officially with the "dry" movement. 
 
 The Anti-Saloon League, after passing through; a 
 given state, leaves in its path financial chaos, social 
 distress and an inevitable "demoralized view of 
 all laws." 
 
The Wise Words of Ta£t. 
 
 This condition is well summed up in the work, 
 "Four Aspects of Civic Duty," by Wm. H. Taft: 
 
 "Nothing is more foolish, nothing more utterly 
 at variance with sound policy than to enact a 
 law which, by reason of conditions surrounding 
 the community is incapable of enforcement. 
 Such instances are sometimes presented by 
 sumptuary laws, by which the sale of intoxicat- 
 ing liquors is prohibited under penalties in 
 localities, where the public sentiment of the im- 
 mediate community does not and will not sus- 
 tain the enforcement of the law. In such cases 
 the legislation usually is the result of agitation 
 by the people in the country districts, who are 
 determined to make their fellow citizens in the 
 city better. The enactment of the law comes 
 through the country representatives, who form 
 a majority of the legislature, but the enforce- 
 ment of the law among the people who are 
 generally opposed to its enactment, and under 
 such circumstances the law is a dead letter. In 
 cases where the sale of liquor cannot be pro- 
 hibited in fact, it is far better to regulate than to 
 attempt to stamp it out. 
 
 "By the enactment of a drastic law and the 
 failure to enforce it, there is injected into the 
 public mind the idea that laws are to be observed 
 or violated according to the will of those affected. 
 I need not say how altogether pernicious such 
 a loose theory is. . . . The constant violation 
 or neglect of any law leads to a demoralized 
 view of ail laws." 
 
 STATISTICS. 
 
 TT has been said there are three kinds of liars: 
 ^ liars, durn liars, and statistics. 
 
 Statistics, properly and intelligently interpreted 
 and applied, are of value. However, there is no 
 other means of argument more abused than the 
 method of using statistics. 
 
 Let us turn the X-ray on some "dry facts " They 
 tell us that in many of the counties of Kansas there 
 are no poor. They do not tell us that in many of 
 these counties there are no poor-houses. Let us 
 
 93 
 
take insanity statistics — a comparison of "wet" Ohio 
 with "dry" Kansas. 
 
 What if Ohio has more insane in her institutions 
 than Kansas? Is that an argument for Prohibition? 
 Most certainly it is not. If Ohio is humane enough, 
 progressive enough and sufficiently active socially, 
 to build and maintain the needed number of insane 
 asylums, then practically all of the insane in Ohio 
 will be found in these institutions. If, on the other 
 hand, Kansas, with overcrowded asylums, fails to 
 properly assume the care of her insane, many of 
 these unfortunates will remain at large or be found 
 in almshouses and other institutions. When the 
 census-taker appears, he naturally finds more insane 
 in percentage to the population in Ohio than in 
 Kansas. Does this mean an argument for Prohibi- 
 tion? If a state is near bankruptcy, because of the 
 loss of revenue through Prohibition, that state can- 
 not properly provide for the care of those "social 
 misfits" within her boundaries. 
 
 The big, progressive license states are alive to 
 their social responsibilities. The moribund, sleep- 
 ing Prohibition states are shirking their responsi- 
 bilities to their unfortunate citizens. 
 
 A bit of earnest thought is necessary in connection 
 with the reading of statistics — especially "dr}'" ones. 
 —"The Other Side." 
 
 IT'S A LONG, LONG WAY TO PROHIBITION. 
 
 "It's a long way to Prohibition, 
 It's the wrong way to go. 
 It's a sure way to bring Perdition 
 To the greatest State I know. 
 Let's all stick together, 
 Let this be our cry — 
 It's a long, long way to Prohibition 
 And we'll not go dry." 
 
 THE HOBSON GERM OF INCONSISTENCY. 
 
 4 fc \\l E do not say that a man sliall not drink. We 
 
 * » ask for no sumptuary action. W'c do not say 
 
 that a man shall not drink or make liquor in his own 
 
 home for his own use. Nothing of that sort is 
 
 94 
 
involved in this resolution. We only touch the sale. 
 A man may feel that he has a right to drink, but he 
 certainly has no inherent right to sell liquor. A 
 man's liberties are absolutely secure in this resolu- 
 tion. The liberties and sanctity of the home are 
 protected. The liberties of the community are 
 secure, the liberties of the county are secure and the 
 liberties of the state are secure." — Hobson, in the 
 Congressional Record, December 22, 1914, page 586. 
 
 Oh, inconsistency, thou art a germ! 
 
 According to Hobson, then, it is all right to drink, 
 all right to have liquor, all right to make liquor for 
 your own use, but all wrong to sell it. 
 
 If drinking is the cause of all the things that 
 Hobson claims in the seven full pages of his speech 
 in the Congressional Record, then how is he going 
 to remedy these evils by amendment for National 
 Prohibition, if he openly endorses by voice and his 
 pen, the right to drink, possess and to make liquors 
 in so far as the individual is concerned? 
 
 If there is no harm in the individual, drinking, 
 making and using these beverages, wherein lies the 
 harm in some individuals selling these beverages? 
 If Hobson as quoted above is right, then the prin- 
 ciple of Prohibition is wrong, and if Prohibition is 
 right, then Hobson must be wrong. But, as a paid 
 employee of the Anti-Saloon League in "good grace," 
 Hobson evidently speaks with authority, especially 
 as he was the official leader of the "drys" in the 
 debates in Congress on the "National Prohibition" 
 question. 
 
 This piece of inconsistency is without a parallel 
 in the history of statesmanship. Think of this mon- 
 umental piece of hypocrisy, claiming that he desires 
 to relieve the alleged evils of the liquor business and 
 still willing to endorse the manufacture and use of 
 beer, wine and whisky in so far as the individual is 
 concerned! Hobson evidently realizes that as long 
 as there is a demand, the supply will be forthcoming 
 One of two things must be true: Either all the state- 
 ments of Hobson as to the evil effects of these 
 beverages are false statements, or Hobson and his 
 followers are not sincere and thoroughly hpocritical 
 in their campaign for Prohibition. 
 
 We will have more to say of Hobson and his 
 speech in a later issue. — "The Other Side." 
 
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97 
 
MAINE, BANNER DRY STATE. 
 
 "Dismal Record" follows in Wake of Prohibition 
 Since 1851. 
 
 1 4 PROHIBITION" is the name given to an article 
 * which appeared in the November North 
 American Review, written by L. Ames Brown. 
 
 Speaking of drunkenness and illegal selling of 
 liquors in the "dry" state of Maine, the writer says: 
 
 "Records of the number of commitments to 
 jail for intoxication and illegal selling .of liquor 
 furnish impressive evidence as to the farcical 
 character of prohibition in recent years. In 
 1898, 6,425 persons were committed to Maine 
 jails, of whom 2,967 were committed for intoxi- 
 cation and 178 for illegal selling. The figures 
 for subsequent years follow: 
 
 Total com- For intoxica- For illegal 
 mitments. tion. selling. 
 
 1899 6,182 2,901 200 
 
 1900 0,427 3,259 180 
 
 1901 5,270 2,851 298 
 
 1902 5,297 3,193 234 
 
 1903 4,608 2,364 346 
 
 1904 5,681 2,642 281 
 
 1905 5,412 3,035 571 
 
 "Tlie jail commitments for intoxication are 
 merely a partial record of the amount of public 
 drunkenness in these years, for in the small 
 communities only the most obstreperous street 
 drunkards who made nuisances of themselves 
 were arrested, while thousands of intoxicated 
 persons were assisted to their homes by acquain- 
 tances or even local authorities." 
 
 Maine's Long "Dismal Record." 
 
 Later Mr. Brown shows how the "dismal record of 
 public drunkenness continues": 
 
 Total com- For intoxica- For illegal 
 mitments. tion. selling. 
 
 1900 4,483 1,980 429 
 
 1907 5,769 2,934 441 
 
 1908 6,046 3,609 707 
 
 98 
 
He says: 
 
 "One of the chief reasons for this steady in- 
 crease under the Stiirgis law was that, under the 
 more open violations that had been tolerated 
 previously, a greater proportion of ale, beer, and 
 light wines had been sold. The bulk of these 
 beverages prevented their being handled to ad- 
 vantage surreptitiously under the more stringent 
 enforcement of the law, and it resulted that 
 large quantities of ardent spirits, oftentimes of 
 poorer quality, were consumed. The quantity of 
 liquors now vended by the Maine bootleggers 
 were for the most part manufactured from the 
 worst and most poisonous varieties of alcohol. 
 Epitomizing the effect of prohibition on public 
 intoxication, it may be observed that arrests for 
 drunkenness in Maine averaged 25.5 per 1,000 
 population, as against 18.5 for all the other New 
 England States." 
 
 In 1912, the Constitutional Amendment for state- 
 wide prohibition was re-submitted to a popular vote 
 in the State of Maine. Commenting upon the out- 
 come of this election, the Honorable C. W. Davis, 
 Secretary of State of Maine, said: 
 
 Electorate Honestly Wide Apart. 
 
 "In the September election, in one of the most 
 strenuous campaigns the state has ever wit- 
 nessed, a campaign in which the friends of the 
 prohibition law mustered to their aid the most 
 influential platform orators the nation could pro- 
 duce, a campaign in which the churches were 
 organized, their pulpits turned into political 
 forums, in which the children were organized 
 and equipped with campaign songs, in which a 
 publicity fund estimated at approximately 
 $200,000, with every one of the 520 towns sup- 
 plied with oral and written arguments, and with 
 but little work on the part of the opposition, the 
 prohibitory law which went into the constitution 
 in 1884 by a majority of 45,000 was retained by a 
 paltry 758 votes. Even this slender margin was 
 in doubt for many days, as the first returns, 
 
known as the Secretary of State's returns, gave 
 the result as 60,487 for repeal and 60,461 for 
 retaining the law; a majority of 26 for repeal. 
 The final returns of municipal officers made to 
 the Governor and Council, after the correctiohs 
 and changes, placed the official vote as follows: 
 60,095 for repeal and 60,853 for retention of 
 the law. 
 
 The result of this election, if it proves any- 
 thing, proves that the electorate of Maine were 
 honestly wide apart in their views as to the value 
 of the law. Eight of the sixteen counties in the 
 state voted against the law, and the cities by a 
 majority of 10,000 voted against it. With the 
 population in character and growth but slightly 
 changed, 60,095 voted against the law as com- 
 pared with the 23,413 who voted against it in 
 1884." 
 
 "By a paltry 758 votes" Alalne managed to stay 
 in the "dry" column. But under what conditions? 
 The foregoing statistics show at what cost Maine is 
 remaining a prohibition commonwealth. How long 
 some states in the Union will continue to swallow 
 this kind of propaganda is a question which all sane 
 students of government arc asking themselves. 
 
 Anent Consumption of Liquors. 
 
 Speaking of the decrease in the consumption of 
 liquors for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915, Mr. 
 Brown says: 
 
 "There was a decrease of 14,983,333 gallons 
 of ardent spirits and 6,358,744 barrels of fer- 
 mented liquors. The Anti-Saloon League offi- 
 cial publications immediately laid claim to the 
 credit for this decrease on behalf of the prohi- 
 bition movement. . These publications computed 
 that the per capita consumption in the fiscal 
 year 1915 was 20.53 gallons, which was the lowest 
 since 1905. Without undue disparagement of 
 the claims of the prohibitionists, however, I may 
 state the opinion that a considerable proportion 
 of the decrease should be attributed to the wave 
 of economy that spread over the country a year 
 ago. Supporting this view, it may be mentioned 
 
 100 
 
that the country, according to the same internal 
 revenue report, consumed nearly 080,000,000 
 fewer cigars than in the previous year." 
 
 The conclusion to Avhich the author comes is the 
 inevitable one after a tlioughtful and thorough in- 
 vestigation of prohibition and its effect has been 
 made. "One general conclusion seems unavoidable 
 in the light of the evidence thus adduced. It is that 
 State prohibition never has prohibited, nor has it 
 restrained the use of liquor to a degree that a sound 
 basis of evolution may be said to have been made 
 for the operation of national prohibition." 
 
 It is also most significant that the latest reports 
 of the United States internal revenue receipts show 
 a tremendous increase with the resuming of normal 
 business conditions in this country. 
 
 TOBACCO NEXT ON LIST. 
 Puritanism and Paternalism, Objects of Prohibition. 
 
 RESOLVED, That it is the sense of this con- 
 vention that the cultivation and sale of tobacco 
 be prohibited by law, and be it further 
 
 RESOLVED, That we, in convention assem- 
 bled, do hereby call upon Boards of Health and 
 all legislative bodies, both national and state, to 
 enact and enforce laws prohibiting the cultivation 
 and sale of tobacco. — From the resolution of the 
 Annual Convention of the Non-Smokers' Pro- 
 tective League of America. 
 
 'T'HIS editorial is written for the Tobacco Trade 
 * of America in the hope that those who are still 
 sleeping will awaken to the realization of the fact 
 that there is a decided and growing movement to 
 "prohibit" the manufacture and sale of tobacco. 
 
 The fact that there are a number of organizations 
 and publications devoted to the idea of Anti-Tobacco 
 is probably not known by most of the men engaged 
 in the tobacco business. The half dozen periodicals 
 and the half dozen societies devoted to this cause 
 will continue to grow just as the Anti-Saloon League 
 has grown. 
 
 In the case of those political agitators who are 
 engaged in the various "anti" campaigns, It Is not so 
 
 101 
 
much the consideration of the proverb "Where there 
 is a will, there is a way," that prompts them to 
 constant endeavor, but rather the slogan that "Where 
 there is money, there is pay." 
 
 Value of Mexican Tactics. 
 
 The "Anti" crowd always reminds us of the Mexi- 
 can generals we read of in the daily press. The 
 resemblance lies in the fact that both depend upon a 
 condition of warfare for their existence and pros- 
 perity. Peace means a lack of funds. Neither the 
 Mexican general nor the "anti" leader want a settle- 
 ment of the question at hand. They thrive on 
 agitation. 
 
 The tobacco man may say "there is no danger for 
 us in these weak attempts to turn public sentiment 
 against us." He forgets that the constant display of 
 one side of an argument with the constant absence 
 of the other side means a growing strength in public 
 opinion toward the side ever presented. 
 
 The tobacco man also forgets that the same type 
 and same group that would prohibit beer, wine and 
 whisky, are "agin" tobacco. The Women's Chris- 
 tian Temperance Union is the best example of this 
 common enemy. 
 
 Puritanism and Paternalism. 
 
 A pamphlet at hand gives as the "objects of Prohi- 
 bition the essence of puritanism and paternalism. Its 
 object is not simply the destruction of the saloon, 
 but to deprive the individual of wine, beer and 
 whiskey, of tobacco, and of other things that relieve 
 the humdrum of life and make living worth while. 
 \\'hile fighting for prohibition of the legitimate liquor 
 traffic, these other objects and aims are kept under 
 cover." 
 
 Air Tobacco man have you ever read the "Youth's 
 Instructor," "Tlie Rov Magazine," the "Anti-Cigar- 
 ette League's Magazine," the "Sunday School 
 Times," "Scientific Temperance Federation" and the 
 "Vindicator"? The columns of these publications are 
 devoted to the destruction of your business. 
 
 Let us assume momentarily that a National Prohi- 
 bition Amendment has been enacted with the result 
 that the legal manufacture of liquor has ceased. 
 
 102 
 
There would be a number of very important re- 
 sults. First of all, a revenue of about $250,000,000, 
 now derived from the tax and customs duties on 
 liquors, over one-third of the total revenue of the 
 United States, wo::M no longer be paid into the 
 treasury of our National Government. The question 
 would then arise, who will bear this burden and who 
 will supply the needed revenue? Past experiences 
 would indicate that the tobacco business would be 
 the most likely from which to derive this necessary 
 revenue. The result would be that the cost of cigars 
 would be increased and smokers would be compelled 
 to smoke the cheaper brands of tobacco. 
 
 Next Step in Prohibition. 
 
 After the National Prohibition of liquors had been 
 achieved the workers of the Anti-Saloon League 
 would be without a job. Their Anti-Saloon agitation 
 days would be over, and it would be necessary to 
 seek out some other field which would afford fertile 
 ground for their agitating ability. 
 
 Tobacco — according to the utterances and writings 
 of the "antis," will without doubt be next in line. 
 The destruction of the industry and the confiscation 
 of its property will be the next step. 
 
 Here, then, we have at least two big factors 
 which would result adversely upon the tobacco inter- 
 ests, should National Prohibition of liquors ever be 
 accomplished. One, tobacco would be the most 
 likely source from which the deficit in the United 
 States revenue could be made up. The other, to- 
 bacco would be the most likely article of common 
 use toward which the agitating organization could 
 turn in order to continue their existence. 
 
 The tobacco farmer and farm hand, the cigar 
 maker, and those employers and employees of trades 
 allied to the tobacco industry, cannot afford to wink 
 at the existence of "Prohibition," nor at the presence 
 of the Anti-Saloon League. 
 
 The tobacco men of the United States should 
 think long and deeply upon this question and 
 realize that it is not so much one of defending 
 liquors or defending tobacco, but it is a question of 
 presenting a unified, strong and constant opposition 
 to the prohibition idea— "The Other Side." 
 
 103 
 
PROHIBITION WOULD COST FROM THREE 
 TO FIVE BILLION DOLLARS. 
 
 pUT as briefly as possible, the different effects of 
 ^ nation-wide prohibition may be stated as follows: 
 
 Abolition of business representing a capitalization 
 estimated at from $3,000,000,000 to $5,000,000,000. 
 
 Absolute loss of a large proportion of the assets 
 of this industry and tremendous depreciation in value 
 of the remainder. 
 
 Closing up of over 2,400 plants manufacturing 
 distilled, malt and vinous liquors, having a capital, 
 by the 1909 census, of $831,000,000, purchasing raw 
 materials valued at $169,000,000 annually and turning 
 out a .product valued at over $630,000,000 annually. 
 
 Closing up of over 203,000 retail liquor establish- 
 ments with an investment running up into many mil- 
 lions of dollars. 
 
 Bankruptcy for thousands of these manufacturers, 
 wholesalers and retailers who will find themselves 
 facing a trcmcndoas loss on property, the value of 
 which is either wiped out or greatly depreciated and 
 a large proportion of whose debtors in the same line 
 of business will be unable to meet bills due. 
 
 Switching of thousands of these dealers to other 
 lines of industry, where they will come into competi- 
 tion with their brains and what is left of their capital 
 with manufacturers and merchants already in those 
 fields. 
 
 Millions to Railroads. 
 
 Loss to railroads of the country of revenue on 
 traffic running up into millions of dollars, netting 
 them a considerable percentage of their income 
 from freight. According to tlic United States Statis- 
 tical Abstract for 1913, the total movement of manu- 
 factures of the wine, whisky and beer industry in 
 1912 amounted to over 7.000,000 tons, or 2V2 per cent 
 of the total traffic of all manufacturing industries 
 of the country. 
 
 Loss of billions of dollars to wholesale grocers, 
 hotel owners, restaurant keepers, druggists, both 
 wholesale and retail, most of whom ordinarily are 
 not classed by the ->ublic with the liquor industries. 
 
 Loss of billions of dollars in assets and in annual 
 business to barrel and stave manufacturers, lumber 
 men, bottle makers, box markers, grain dealers, 
 
 104 
 
printers, auto truck manufacturers and other col- 
 lateral lines of business. 
 
 Many Trades Affected. 
 
 Loss of millions of dollars annually to insurance 
 men in premiums. Loss of millions to building con- 
 structors, etc. It is estimated now that millions 
 of dollars of improvements by distillers, brewers, 
 wholesale and retail dealers are being held in abey- 
 ance as the result of the uncertainty about the future 
 of their business, this failure to invest capital in hand 
 being one of the factors in the slow recovery from 
 the general business depression. 
 
 Loss of customers for hundreds of millions an- 
 nually now received for corn, barley, hops, rice, 
 wheat, grapes, apples, peaches, cherries, molasses 
 and other farm products now utilized by distillers, 
 brewers and wine makers. 
 
 200,000 Directly Employed. 
 
 Loss of jobs by some 15,000 salaried employees, 
 some 15,000 traveling salesmen, some 65,000 wage 
 earners in manufacturing and wholesale liquor es- 
 tablishments, and loss of places by 101,234 bartend- 
 ers, a grand total of nearly 200,000 employees, making 
 a living upon a conservative estimate for 1,000,000 
 of the 100,000,000 people of the country. All of these 
 figures, with the exception of the estimate as to trav- 
 eling salesmen, are from the United States Census 
 of Manufactures for 1909. The salary and wages 
 of the employees of the liquor manufacturing plants 
 alone in 1909 is given by the census as over $73,000,- 
 000 a year. 
 
 Millions to Farmers. 
 
 Loss In addition to this to farm laborers, amount 
 of which is problematical. According to the census 
 for 1909, farm laborers' wages averaged 11.88 per 
 cent of total value of crops produced. Applying this 
 ratio to $113,513,971 worth of farm products used 
 by breweries and distilleries in 1913, the total pay- 
 ment for farm labor of products used in these indus- 
 tries was over $13,000,000, a sum sufficient for the 
 employment of nearly 75,000 persons for six months, 
 at an average wage of $30 a month. 
 
 105 
 
$250,000,000 Internal Revenue. 
 
 Loss of $230,000,000 annually in internal revenue 
 and over $18,000,000 in custom revenue, a grand total 
 of nearly $250,000,000, over one-third of the total 
 annual income from all sources. 
 
 Necessity of raising this vast sum by taxation 
 in other directions. The difficulty of this will be ap- 
 parent to all who recall the stress attendant upon 
 the imposition a short time back of a $100,000,000 
 war tax. 
 
 Necessity for a vast army of United States officials 
 to enforce the nation-wide prohibition law in every 
 state and every local community within the country's 
 bounds. This will also entail the necessity of raising 
 a great sum by taxation in addition to that raised 
 to replace the internal revenue and customs revenue 
 lost by abolishing the liquor industry. 
 
 Loss to states of many millions; to counties of 
 other millions, and to incorporated places having a 
 population of 2,500 and over, of $51,955,001, a grand 
 total running up into the hundreds of millions every 
 year in liquor license and tax receipts. 
 
 LITERARY DIGEST DISCUSSES NEW 
 
 DANGERS OF RUSSIAN 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 ACCORDING to the articles now appearing in 
 **■ Russian newspapers, as quoted by the Literary 
 Digest, Russia is now facing many difficulties in con- 
 nection with tiic recent prohibition propaganda es- 
 tablished purely as a war measure. 
 
 According to the Literary Digest, the wave of 
 temperance which swept Russia at the beginning of 
 the war, after the Czar's ukase forbidding the sale 
 of spirituous liquors, is rapidly receding. 
 
 This same Journal says that the Russian news- 
 papers are authority for the statement that the 
 people are rapidly becoming addicted to poisonous 
 substitutes for the prohibited vodka and that the 
 secret manufacture and sale of these substitutes are 
 assuming considerable proportions throughout the 
 Empire and that the cases of poisoning caused by 
 these drinks arc a daily occurence. 
 
 Continuing, the Digest states that writing in the 
 Russki \'ratch (Pctrograd) Dr. Novosclski gives in- 
 
 lOG 
 
teresting figures showing the growth of mortality 
 due to alcoholism in Petrograd. According to his 
 official data, there were 26 cases of death from de- 
 lirium tremens in the period from August 17th to 
 September 13, 1914; 33 cases from September 14 to 
 October 11; 34 from October 12 to November 8; 
 43 from November 9 to December 6; 53 from Decem- 
 ber 7 to January 3, 1915; 58 from January 4 to Jan- 
 uary 31, and 66 from February 1 to February 28. 
 
 Increased Mortality With Prohibition. 
 
 Commenting upon these figures Dr. Novoselski 
 writes: 
 
 "Before prohibition the mortality figures 
 varied and changed without definite regularity; 
 after prohibition they show a regular and con- 
 stant increase. The prohibition measures weire 
 becoming stricter and stricter; at first the sale 
 of vodka was forbidden everywhere but at the 
 first-class restaurants; then the prohibition was 
 extended also to those restaurants, but with the 
 permission to sell beer and wine; and lastly 
 there followed a general and complete inhibi- 
 tion of the free traffic in any and all alcoholic 
 drinks In general. And the mortality from al- 
 coholism increased as those measures pro- 
 gressed 
 
 "The constant rise of the mortality figures, 
 which bears testimony to the growing number 
 of consumers of different substitutes for vodka, 
 shows that these are used not only by confirmed 
 drunkards, but generally by those classes who 
 before the prohibition law used to drink moder- 
 ately. . . . From the report of the Obukhow 
 Hospital at Petrograd, it can be seen that among 
 the victims of alcoholism who entered the hos- 
 pital were persons of all ages (many twenty to 
 thirty years of age) and all occupations." 
 
 Prohibition Proves Unpopular. 
 
 In Russia's western province, according to "R. 
 G." in the Ryetch, prohibition does not seem to be 
 very popular. He says: 
 
 107 ■ 
 
"The sun of sobriety has set before it reached 
 the zenith. The first two months drunkenness 
 was really not noticeable. In the villages the 
 fact that the law came into force at the busy 
 season contributed largely toward abstinence 
 from drink. In the cities isolated cases of the 
 use of poisonous imitations of alcoholic bever- 
 ages ended so deplorably that there was a fair 
 prospect of getting rid of incurable drunkards. 
 But here the field-work came to an end, the or- 
 ganism had partly adapted itself to the harmful 
 imitations, partly adapted them to itself, and life 
 entered upon its normal course. The village folk 
 had hardly had time to wear out the boots in 
 which they marched after the coffin of 'the mo- 
 nopoly' when tens of thousands of illicit liquor 
 distilleries, factories of all kinds of strong drinks, 
 came into existence. It must be said that the 
 fight against the producers of such drinks is 
 being waged energetically. Since the issuance of 
 the circular offering a reward for the discovery 
 of secret traffic in liquor the excise officials and 
 rural authorities have vigorously prosecuted the 
 task. According to official data, for the latter 
 part of 1914 there were discovered in Vilna gov- 
 ernment alone 58 illicit liquor distilleries, while 
 for the preceding year there had been discovered 
 14 such places. But in the place of those sup- 
 pressed new ones spring into existence, and, be- 
 sides, the manufacture of alcoholic beverages is 
 being practiced in private dwellings 
 
 Negative Results Follow Prohibition. 
 
 "It is now ten months . . . since the sale 
 of liquor was discontinued. . . . After such 
 a considerable time the stoppage of the traffic 
 in liquor takes on a permanent character, and 
 a return to the former order becomes less and 
 less possible. However, it would be naive and 
 ruinous to regard the work of reform as com- 
 pleted. On the contrary, this task is now all 
 ahead, there is much of it, and the work is ur- 
 gent. The stoppage of the sale of liquor has 
 undoubtedly made a revolution in the psychol- 
 ogy of the masses. Vodka played a great part 
 
 108 
 
in our peasant life, and its disappearance creates 
 a greater or less vacancy which in some way or 
 
 other must be filled It is therefore, 
 
 not surprising that the further it is from the be- 
 ginning of the war the more often there appear 
 reports about secret liquor distilleries, the spread 
 of various imitations, dangerous not only for 
 health, but for life itself. There also come re- 
 ports that the village folk are becoming addicted 
 to gambling, and that a passion for it is seizing 
 the whole mass of peasantry. In short, every- 
 thing points to the fact that the sobering of the 
 people cannot be accomplished by the simple 
 discontinuance of the traffic in liquor. It is 
 necessary to employ their leisure in some inter- 
 esting and instructive manner, otherwise the 
 reform, so grandiose and full of beautiful possi- 
 bilities, will yield negative results." 
 
 Liquor of Poisonous Imitations. 
 
 The Novoye Vremya (Petrograd), which also is 
 a strong supporter of prohibition, remarks: 
 
 "It must be admitted that the great historical 
 act by which the traffic in liquor was forbidden 
 found the country far from prepared to replace 
 the drunken haze by sober pastime. The door 
 of the wine-shops in w^hich the people got a 
 strong narcotic means of self-diversion from the 
 eternally miserable conditions of their life 
 closed, but only now has the question occurred, 
 how to fill the spare time thus gained.* * * * 
 Now the surest means of keeping the people 
 from drunken orgies is the war and the over- 
 whelming interest manifested toward it even in 
 the most obscure corners of Russia. But the 
 war will end, and at that happy moment when 
 the Allies will find it possible^ to conclude 
 peace, the acute question will arise: Will the 
 people wish to express their joy in a sober man- 
 ner, or will they drown it in the poisonous^ irai- 
 tations of the government liquor? That is to 
 Russia a question of supreme importance. Just 
 a bare prohibition of vodka after the war would 
 be only an injunction which could be circum- 
 vented. It is necessary to divert the population 
 from vodka, to cultivate a taste for a different 
 employment of their leisure." 
 
 109 
 
ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE "INQUISITION." 
 
 The extremes to which "Prohibition" will present- 
 ly run if the sanity of the people at large does not 
 put an immediate curb upon it is shown in a letter 
 received by the New York Evening Sun from "Her- 
 man Trent, of the Anti-Saloon League," and dated 
 from 148 Tenafly Road, Englewood, N. J., in which 
 the following startling declaration occurred: 
 
 "Speaking now in my personal capacity, and 
 not as a member of the Anti-Saloon League, I 
 will say that I regard the anti-liquor crusade 
 as merely the beginning of a much larger move- 
 ment — a movement that will have as its watch- 
 word 'Efiicienc)' by Government.' If I had my 
 way I would not only close up the saloons and 
 the race tracks. I would close all tobacco shops, 
 confectionery stores, delicatessen shops and 
 other places where gastronomic deviltries are 
 purveyed — all low theaters and bathing beaches. 
 I would forbid the selling of gambling devices, 
 such as playing cards, dice, checkers and chess 
 sets; I would forbid the holding of socialistic, 
 anarchistic and atheistic meetings; I would 
 abolish dancing; I would abolish the sale of 
 coffee and tea, and I would forbid the making 
 or sale of pastry, pic, cake and such like trash." 
 
 The Xew York Evenuing Sun comments as fol- 
 lows upon the fanaticism of this Anti-Saloon zealot: 
 
 Shows Spirit of Inquisition. 
 
 "Assuredly the writer of the above is not jok- 
 ing. He is animated with the fervor of the 
 Spanish Inquisition or a Scotch conventicle. He 
 is quite sure of what is right, or rather of what 
 is wrong, regardless of any one else's views and — 
 vengeance is his, not the Lord's. As he cannot 
 whip or burn in the present age, he would have 
 the evil doer rot in jail. 
 
 "These cases which we cite, the action of a 
 State Department and the declaration of faith 
 of an anti-saloon zealot, seem to us to be highly 
 instructive. They arc characteristic of the prohi- 
 bition spirit, the will to rule the private lives 
 of men and women with the iron hand, strictly 
 for their own good, of course, but without the 
 
 110 
 
slightest regard to individual conscience or indi- 
 vidual will. The prohibitive tyranny grows and 
 becomes bolder with use, and each shackle that 
 it imposes on the community is an encourage- 
 ment and an incentive to devise another. There 
 is no end to it. Mr. Trent takes pains to say 
 that he speaks for himself and not for his 
 League. We think it likely that few of his asso- 
 ciates would be as sweeping as he, but all of his 
 fads have their supporters; some of them are no 
 doubt favored by one group and others by 
 another." 
 
 ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE'S NATIONAL LOBBY 
 
 Discussing the organization of the Anti-Saloon 
 League, L. Ames Brown, in the North American 
 Review, has the following to say of the lobby at 
 Washington, a branch of which may be found in all 
 of the states: 
 
 "The prohibition forces today are organized with a 
 degree of efficiency attained by few moments in 
 the history of the republic. Their efficiency of or- 
 ganization prevents us effectually from drawing a 
 parallel between the Dow movement and the Hob- 
 son movement, says the North American Review. 
 
 The power of that portion of public opinion which 
 now supports the demand for national prohibition 
 is exerted upon Congress and state political bodies 
 and in elections through the Anti-Saloon League of 
 America. The league organizes and manages every 
 important prohibition fight made in the country, and 
 maintains at Washington one of the most powerful 
 lobbies ever seen at the national capital. It is known 
 as the national legislative headquarters of the league, 
 and it is in charge of Rev. E. C. Dinwiddle, national 
 legislative superintendent. 
 
 "Clearly a Lobby." 
 
 It is a lobby clearly within the sense of the term 
 accepted in modern American politics. Its repre- 
 sentatives, backed by an organized influence of 
 public opinion, are enabled to dictate the attitude 
 of a considerable number of Congressmen on a pend- 
 ing question, with the result that Congressmen, of- 
 
 111 
 
tentimes are driven to vote against their own views 
 and their own consciences in favor of the measures 
 advocated by the lobby. The harmful effect of such a 
 lobbying enterprise upon our system of government 
 does not admit of controversy. It is inimical to the 
 ^'ery spirit of our governmental instituti«)ns in that 
 it would remove the legislative power from Congress 
 itself, in so far as the matter of prohibition is con- 
 cerned, and place this power in the hands of the 
 Anti-Saloon League. A lobby always has been con- 
 demned by the American people. The very term 
 "lobby" has been anathema in American politics. 
 The Anti-Saloon League has been utterly fearless 
 in Its operations, however, and has made no effort to 
 cloak its activities in the corridors of the House 
 of Representatives. 
 
 CHICAGO'S AMAZING DIVORCE STATISTICS. 
 
 In the official statistics presented by Patrick J. J. 
 McCarthy, marital statistician for Cook County, Il- 
 linois, desertion is the chief cause of divorce, with 
 cruelty and infidelity next in order, while habitual 
 drunkenness is placed last among the leading causes 
 for legal separation. 
 
 Population of city 2,550,000 
 
 Marriage licenses issued in 1914 33,897 
 
 Divorce, separate maintenance and annul- 
 ment suits 5,121 
 
 Decrees granted 3,614 
 
 Ratio of suits filed to marriage licenses 
 
 issued 1 to 6 
 
 Ratio of suits disposed of by decree to mar- 
 riage licenses issued 1 to 9 
 
 Ratio of separations to number of inhabi- 
 tants 1 to 497 
 
 Ratio of decrees to number of inhabitants..! to 705 
 
 COMPLAINANTS. 
 
 Women granted decrees 2,710 
 
 Men granted decrees 904 
 
LEADING CAUSES. 
 
 Female Male 
 
 comprts compl'ts 
 
 Desertion 1,045 535 
 
 Cruelty 668 30 
 
 Infidelity 301 182 
 
 Habitual drunkenness 24 18 
 
 CHILDREN. 
 
 Couples without children given decree 2,302 
 
 Couples with children given decree 1,312 
 
 Couples with minor children only 1,207 
 
 Couples with adult children only 105 
 
 PERIOD OF THE AIARITAL RELATION. 
 
 Year 
 First 
 
 (Divorce 
 
 Number of 
 separations 
 
 695 
 
 I Only.) 
 
 Year 
 
 Sixth .... 
 Seventh . . 
 Eighth ... 
 Ninth .... 
 Tenth .... 
 
 Number of 
 separations 
 
 165 
 
 Second . . 
 Third ... 
 Fourth . . 
 Fifth .... 
 
 356 
 
 295 
 
 284 
 
 ....248 
 
 175 
 
 176 
 
 125 
 
 132 
 
 HOME OWNERS. 
 
 Couples who owned their homes 73 
 
 Couples who did not own their homes 3,541 
 
 COMPARISON 1914-1915 FIGURES. 
 
 Decrees for first six months of 1914 1,816 
 
 Decrees for first six months of 1915 2,151 
 
 118 
 
PROHIBITION'S COST. 
 
 James W. Bowlen, of Indianapolis, Refutes the 
 Stereotyped Statement of Prohibitionists that 
 the Wages Spent in Saloons Will Be Di- 
 verted to Other Channels and States 
 that a Lower Standard of Living 
 Would Result. 
 
 TAMES W. Bowlen, of Indianapolis, who took an 
 *-* active part in the dry campaign of Ohio, gave out 
 the following interview regarding the much mooted 
 subject as to whether or not the workingman will 
 be much better off with the abolition of the saloon. 
 In this connection he said: 
 
 "A stereotyped statement frequently made 
 by the prohibitionists is to the effect that the 
 workingman will be much better off with the 
 abolition of the saloon, that the 25 or 50 cents 
 spent each week for beer would be converted 
 into other channels, such as shoes, dry goods, 
 etc. This listens fine, but what are the real 
 facts? A frequent illustration used is that the 
 prohibition speaker knows of a man who used to 
 spend his money over the bar, but now, since 
 his emancipation from drink, he is spending it 
 for other things, has more and better clothes, 
 etc. This may be certainly true of the one indi- 
 vidual. The prohibitionist is an analogous rea- 
 soncr, which is the reasoning method of the 
 savage, that what is or can be true of the one 
 is and will be true of all, and bases his argu- 
 ments along this line. The absolute fallacy of 
 this method of reasoning must be apparent to 
 any thinking person. 
 
 Labor, A Recognized Commodity. 
 
 "If the workingman saves, he must save from 
 his wages. Self-employment as an independent 
 worker with individually owned tools belong to 
 a past industrial age. Very, very few working- 
 men today can work for themselves because the 
 development of capital has increased the com- 
 plexity of the tools of production to a point 
 
 114 
 
where vast sums of capital are now required 
 in pursuits that formerly could be conducted 
 with only a few expensive implements. This 
 development, naturally, has driven the worker 
 from individual employment to the condition 
 where he. must sell his power to labor to the 
 owners of capital. 
 
 "This has reduced labor to a commodity. 
 Certainly no economist will deny that labor 
 today is just as much a commodity as shoes, 
 hats, etc. The trouble with our prohibition 
 friends is they assume that wages, the price of 
 the commodity of labor power, is as fixed a 
 thing as gravity. If this were true, the conten- 
 tion of the prohibitionist to the effect that the 
 money spent over the bar would be diverted 
 to other channels might be substantiated. 
 
 Supply and Demand Real Factors. 
 
 "However, he assumes wages to be a fixed 
 thing. This is not true. Wages are most varia- 
 ble, determined by the same economic law that 
 causes other commodities to vary in price. 
 
 "This variation is determined by the law of 
 supply and demand based on the cost of pro- 
 duction. If demand be exceeded by the supply 
 the price will fall, but not below the cost of pro- 
 duction, for this would drive out the production 
 of the commodity. Now, labor being a commod- 
 ity, its price being determined by the same 
 causes as other commodities, if the supply ex- 
 ceeds the demand the price falls, but cannot fall 
 below the cost of production. 
 
 Luxuries Become Necessities. 
 
 "Nov/, what is the cost of the production of 
 labor power. It is not the actual cost of the 
 stern necessities of life, for we all know that 
 all workmen could live on less than on what 
 they do now — plain, coarse food, such as black 
 bread and potatoes, a house with inexpensive 
 furniture, clothing of the simplest and most 
 unornamental kind would be all that would be 
 necessary to keep the workman in good working 
 condition. The luxuries of the theater, cigars 
 
 115 
 
and beer are as unessential in keeping the work- 
 ingman in working condition. While they 
 satisfy the workman and contribute to his men- 
 tal happiness, they are luxuries. 
 
 "The average workman wants these luxuries 
 and has been accustomed to them for so long 
 that they have become a part of his life, i. e., 
 they satisfy a mental craving, not a physical one, 
 and he figures on them in his estimate of the 
 things he must have in order to enjoy life. 
 We find that while he desires more wages, his 
 wages never go above the point of the standard 
 of living that prevails in the country in which 
 he works. 
 
 "This standard of living is a sum total of 
 necessities and luxuries that he has been ac- 
 customed to, and whenever the standard of 
 living is reduced by the elimination of the lux- 
 uries, where the tendency is to more and more 
 reduce the standard of living to the physical 
 necessities, there we find the competition be- 
 tween the workers, for the job forces the wages 
 down to the point where they get only enough 
 to buy that standard of living. 
 
 "Now if all working men in this country 
 would lower the standard of living, if they 
 would eliminate the luxuries, if they would drop 
 from their bill of fare, the theaters, the cigars 
 and the glass of beer, or any other luxuries, 
 either by voluntary action as a class and not as 
 one individual here and there, but as a class, 
 or if by legislation the beer or cigars or theaters 
 would become non-existent so that these lux- 
 uries would become a tiling of the past, compe- 
 tition between them for the job would force 
 their wages down to this new and lower 
 standard of living, a standard that would mean 
 only the stern necessities of life and this inter- 
 pretation makes clear why so many of the big 
 business interests rally around the Anti-Saloon 
 League Banner." 
 
 DRUG STORES AS SALOONS. 
 
 MR. F. L. Watkins, superintendent of the Anti- 
 Saloon League of North Dakota, admits the fail- 
 ure of prohibition, in his petition to the state legis- 
 
latiire for a special department of the state gov- 
 ernment to enforce the prohibition law. 
 
 The following is a quotation of the petition: 
 
 "Six years ago there were 80 open saloons, 
 with bars and back bars, in the Slope country 
 and hundreds of blind pigs. There were flagrant 
 violations at Valley City, Devils Lake, Minot, 
 Williston and in fact all over the state. There 
 were 300 drug stores doing a large liquor busi- 
 ness, some of them selling as much as $8,000 
 worth of whiskey a year. There were 30 bawdy 
 houses at Fargo, 5 at Wahpeton, 2 at Williston, 
 a dozen at Minot, 3 at Devils Lake, 3 at Mandan, 
 1 at Dickinson, 5 at Bismarck and numerous 
 other places. One year ago there were a dozen 
 blind pigs and gambling places at Hankinson, 
 others at Fairmount and Lidgerwood, and all 
 the above have gone on for years and during 
 such continued violations, all the country and 
 city machinery for law enforcement that we now 
 have was in vogue. 
 
 "There is no need of this department to get 
 evidence on w^hich to start the actions. This 
 is the hard part, as local people do not want to 
 make the sworn complaint. State's attorneys 
 in 50 counties pay out -about $20,000 per year. 
 They hire outside state detectives at from $5 
 to $8 per day and traveling expenses. . . ." 
 
 FORMER PRESIDENT TAFT ON 
 TEMPERANCE. 
 
 F\ECLARING himself in favor of temperance, 
 •^ former President Taft, through the colum^ns of 
 the Los Angeles Times, strikes a blow at the intem- 
 perance of prohibition. 
 
 His remarks on this question are as follows: 
 
 "I believe in temperance, and what I want to 
 avoid is that the men who do not believe in tem- 
 perance and the men who are moderate in their 
 views of everything should not be ground be- 
 tween the top and the nether millstone of the 
 extremes on both sides of that question; that 
 the intolerance, that the tyranny, political and 
 otherwise, of the saloon-keeper, the brewer, 
 distiller influence, the liquor dealers' influence 
 
 117 
 
should not rouse the community to a point of 
 indignation where we should have the extremes 
 of a community roused and insisting on adopt- 
 ing the passage of laws and the attempted en- 
 forcement of laws that could not in fact be en- 
 forced, and then leave us in a demoralized con- 
 dition where everybody knows that everybody 
 feels that the laws are not being enforced. 
 
 Opposed to Extremes. 
 
 "Therefore, I am opposed to either saloon- 
 keeper rule or to the extreme of prohibition. 
 
 "Xow, let's have a system of local option 
 where in a community they will support the 
 enforcement of law. 
 
 "Let us deal with the matter in a common 
 sense way. Let us deal with human nature as 
 it is. Understand what the conditions are and 
 then adopt the laws to ameliorate them. Do 
 not put a lot of laws on our statute books that 
 we know in our hearts we can't enforce — just 
 an attempt to fool the people. 
 
 "It is true that it is pretty hard to steer a 
 medium line. It is pretty hard to recognize 
 abuse and attempt to restrain on the one hand 
 and on the other, to use some remedy that is 
 impossible and an extreme, and to attempt to 
 enforce the same." 
 
 DRINKING NATIONS LEAD AND HAVE LED 
 THE WORLD. 
 
 History Proves that the Anglo-Saxons, Teutons and 
 
 Latins, All Drinking Races, are Virile, Brave, 
 
 Intelligent, While Dry Chinese and Turks 
 
 Have Retrograded. 
 
 THAT the "wet" races have ever led the world in 
 civilization is the subject of a feature article 
 in the Baltimore Evening Sun. Among other things 
 the writer says: 
 
 Why, I wonder, do the opponents of that cham- 
 pion, Proliibition, always base their arguments on 
 the claim that prohibition doesn't prohibit? 
 
 The claim is, of course, true, for prohibition under 
 1 resent conditions, is a joke, and worse besides, but 
 in making tliat fact their leading argument they 
 
 lis 
 
beg the question at the start and play into the 
 hands of the Andersons, the Hares, the Bryans and 
 other such "wise guys," and the asses who put up 
 the coin for these. 
 
 For if the "Rum Demon" were one-hundredth 
 part the devouring monster that the fanatics claim, 
 a way could be and ought to be found to end forever 
 its career — in fact, would have been found long, 
 long ere this. 
 
 If one-tenth of the nonsense and "statistics" talked 
 by the prohibitionists were true, we should all be 
 maniacs, imbeciles, degenerates and weaklings — such 
 of us as might be left. 
 
 If One-Tenth Were True? 
 
 If one-tenth of the rubbish — so-called expert 
 medical opinion — which is dinned into the ears of 
 children in the public schools by the old maid 
 teachers were really true, the "rum-soaked" Slavs, 
 Teutons, Latins and Anglo-Saxons would neces- 
 sarily have perished from the earth through physical 
 and mental degeneracy. 
 
 If, as Is taught, alcohol causes frightful diseases 
 of the body and mind, which are passed on to the 
 children by heredity; if the offspring of drunkards 
 were imbeciles and dipsomaniacs and the like, then 
 the Indo-European races never could have survived 
 thousands of years of alcoholic indulgence. They 
 necessarily would have become teetotalers or must 
 have perished, and today all Europe and America 
 would be inhabited by those prohibitionists par ex- 
 cellence, the engaging Turks, Kurds and Arabs. 
 
 Prohibition Dangerous. 
 
 I oppose prohibition, not because it is difficult 
 of enforcement, but because it would be dangerous 
 to the progress and welfare of any people to enforce 
 it. 
 
 I maintain that, instead of being a curse, alcohol 
 is the handmaiden of intellectual and material pro- 
 gress, and that history abundantly proves it. 
 
 I contend that the races that have brought the 
 world up from barbarism to civilization and lead 
 the world today are "rum-soaked," as the prohibi- 
 tionists are so fond of saying. Not only so, but 
 races are vigorous in body and virile in mind almost 
 
 119 
 
in the ratio that they consume alcohol. Millions of 
 the earth's inhabitants never touch alcohol, such as 
 the great bulk of the Chinese, the East Indians, the 
 Arabs and the Mohammedans of all kinds. Show 
 me such and I will show you a people standing still 
 or sliding backward in the evolution of humanity. 
 All history teaches the same lesson. 
 
 Wets and Drys in History. 
 
 Wine-drinking Greece and Rome have left their 
 imperishable imprint upon the thought, the art, the 
 literature, the government, of all time as no other 
 nations have ever done. 
 
 Later, when Europe had slumped backward Into 
 ignorance and superstition, came the wineless hosts 
 of Mohammed and attempted to conquer the de- 
 graded, "rum-soaked" Europeans, constantly at war 
 among themselves. Surely if total abstinence ever 
 had a golden opportunity to show its vast superi- 
 ority over drunkenness, that was the time. Yet the 
 "rummies" of Charles Martel and Charlemagne 
 drove back the water drinkers. When the royster- 
 ing Spaniards landed in Mexico and Peru they met 
 peoples well along in civilization for that period, 
 but without, if I remember correctly, the alcohol- 
 drinking habit. Which proved the more virile, brave 
 and intelligent? Ask history. 
 
 Wet Pilgrims vs. Dry Indians. 
 
 When the Mayflower landed at Plymoutli Rock 
 its pious travelers carrying their bottle of booze 
 ashore with their household effects, ran afoul of a 
 husky, warlike red race of teetotalers. How long 
 did the water-drinkers keep their land from the 
 Pilgrims, whose descendants were the guys who put 
 "make" in Jamaica rum, and who at last accounts 
 were still able to match muscles or wits with any 
 total abstainers whatever, at a ratio of about five 
 to one? 
 
 The old South before the Civil War produced 
 statesmen, thinkers, soldiers, men of learning and 
 women of culture, courage and refinement. Physi- 
 cally and mentally the Southerners were imexccllcd, 
 whereas they should have been idiots and weaklings, 
 according to the affecting philosophy taught in our 
 
 120 
 
public schools through the brow-beating of our 
 pious prohibitionists, for was not a decanter on 
 every sideboard, a "still" on nearly every farm, 
 everybody drinking as a matter of course, and nearly 
 everybody descended from the "souses" of Great 
 Britain? 
 
 Empire Builders Wet. 
 
 Whence came the bold and gallant rovers that 
 built the British Empire; that found America and 
 made it their own; that have girdled the earth and 
 taken what they desired; that fought their way to 
 the Poles? 
 
 Whence came the men who have led the world 
 in science, in art, in government, in learning, for a 
 thousand years — who tame the lightning and make 
 it their servant, who talk across vast oceans, who 
 fly like birds and travel under the sea? 
 
 Do these workers of wonders come from the 
 water-drinkers of the world? I trow not. Almost, 
 if not quite, without exception they spring from 
 nations "rum-soaked" for centuries. 
 
 Consider, if you please, the Germans — huge eaters 
 and drinkers! Has anybody noticed any lack of 
 physical or mental vigor after their age-old debauch 
 as a race? I trow not. 
 
 "Virile Races Need Alcohol." 
 
 Now, there must be a reason for all this. It 
 could not be merely coincidental that all the argu- 
 ments of the prohibitionists are made absurd and 
 ridiculous by the facts of history. 
 
 I am far from saying that alcohol would make 
 every race progressive. On the contrary, it prob- 
 ably hastens the extinction of a people incapable of 
 development and progress — e. g., the American In- 
 dian and the Kongo savage. But the virile races 
 need alcohol, and, needing it, they use it. If it 
 were bad for them, these conquerors of the world 
 and of the secrets of nature, the peoples who lead 
 the world now and have led it in the past in pro- 
 gress, civilization and Christianity, would either 
 have discarded it long ago or it would have made 
 them serfs and weaklings and degenerates instead 
 of masters and dealers. 
 
 121 
 
PROHIBITION BOOZE. 
 
 "But When You Take Your Drink, Get Out; for 
 You Can't Die in Here." 
 
 Says Luke McLuke, in the Cincinnati Enquirer: 
 
 The state was dry, and so was I, 
 
 But as I walked around 
 Some old blind tigers I could spy, 
 
 Where whisky could be found. 
 
 I entered one and asked for booze, 
 
 The keeper said to me; 
 "Just look around and you can choose 
 
 Your brand from what you see." 
 
 I looked around, and there I found 
 
 Train oil and japalac, 
 Carbolic acid, liquid glue, 
 
 Wood alcohol, shellac, 
 Strong turpentine and lizard stew. 
 
 All for two bits a crack. 
 
 The keeper said: "This stuff is stout. 
 Although it may taste queer, 
 
 But when you take your drink, get out, 
 For you can't die in here." 
 
 122 
 
Information Bureau 
 
 THE Publicity Department of the 
 National Wholesale Liquor Dealers 
 Association of America conducts 
 an Information Bureau for the purpose 
 of supplying facts, statistics and argu- 
 ments against Prohibition in whatever 
 way Prohibition may appear. 
 
 All questions which may arise in 
 YOUR mind in regard to the Pros and 
 Cons of Prohibition can be answered if 
 you will drop a line to the above depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Specialists are employed to take care of 
 these requests for information. 
 
 Authors and debaters who have in mind 
 proposed discussions on the Pros and 
 Cons of the "Liquor Question" are urged 
 to make use of the special library on this 
 subject available at the offices of the above 
 organization. 
 
 Literature dealing with all phases of 
 Prohibition can be secured free of charge 
 upon application. Requests for special in- 
 formation will be given prompt attention. 
 
 Address all communications to "PUB- 
 LICITY DEPARTMENT," No. 301 
 United Bank Building, Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 A Page 
 
 Accidents, Causes of 87-89 
 
 Adair, John A. M., of Indiana, on National Prohibition 77-78 
 
 Agitators vs. The People 55 
 
 AXTI-SALOOX LEAGUE, Convention, Drunkenness 43 
 
 AXTI-SALOOX LEAGUE, Extremes 110-111 
 
 AXTI-SALOOX LEAGUE, Xational Lobby 111-112 
 
 Alabama, Conditions in 90 
 
 Army Canteen 41 
 
 B 
 
 Bartfeld, Andrew J., of Pennsylvania, on Xational Prohibition. .78-80 
 
 Bartholdt, Richard, of Missouri, on Xational Prohibition 70-72 
 
 Boy and Prohibition ("Save the Boy") 55-58 
 
 BOOTLEGGERS, Cause Crime 23 
 
 BOOTLEGGERS, Report of Commissioner of Internal 
 
 Revenue 15 
 
 Browne, Edward E., of Wisconsin, on X'ational Prohibition. . .73-74 
 Building and Loan Associations 52-53 
 
 C 
 
 Cantrill, J. Campbell, of Kentucky, on Xational Prohibition. . 74-75 
 
 CHARTS 9-10 
 
 CHARTS '. 96-97 
 
 Chicago, Divorce Statistics 112-113 
 
 Church Membership 52 
 
 Compensation 19-20-21 
 
 Consumption, Table Showing Increase in 13-47 
 
 COST of Drink 42 
 
 COST of Prohibition 104-106 
 
 CRIME, Cause of 22 
 
 CRIME, "Dry" Cities vs. "Wet" 23-24 
 
 CRIME, In "Dry" Tennessee 23 
 
 D 
 
 Death Rate and Liquor 27-28 
 
 DIVORCE, Rate Compared.' 51-52 
 
 DIVORCE, Statistics, Chicago 112-113 
 
 Drunkenness, in Maine 98 
 
 E 
 
 Efficiency and Liquor 87-89 
 
F 
 
 Farmer and Prohibition ....<" 21 
 
 Farm Products used by Liquor Industry S3 
 
 Financial Results of Prohibition 83-84 
 
 France, Prohibition in 80-81 
 
 "Freedom of Choice" 22 
 
 G 
 
 Georgia, Conditions in 90-91 
 
 Gill, Michael J., of Missouri, on National Prohibition 77 
 
 Goeke, J. Henry, of Ohio, on National Prohibition 76 
 
 Gompers on Prohibition 42-43 
 
 Great Men and Temperance 86-37 
 
 Hayes, Everis A., of California, on isational Prohibition 78 
 
 Henry, Robert L., of Texas, on National Prohibition 72-73 
 
 History, Prohibition States 6-7 
 
 HOBSON, Demands Whisky 28-29 
 
 HOBSON, *'2,000 a Day" 29-31 
 
 HOBSON , His Inconsistencies 94-95 
 
 HOBSON Resolution, Debates in Congress, 1014 70-80 
 
 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, on "Rum" 84-85 
 
 I 
 
 Illiteracy r<3 
 
 Industries, Affected by Prohibition 49 
 
 Insanity 54-55 
 
 Internal Revenue Receipts, Increase in 14 
 
 Introduction 3 
 
 K 
 
 Kahn, Julius, of California, on National Prohibition 75-76 
 
 KANSAS vs. License States, Comparisons 33-36 
 
 KANSAS vs. Nebraska 31-32 
 
 KANSAS, Topeka vs. Cincinnati 32-33 
 
 L 
 
 LABOR, Distribution of 52 
 
 LABOR, Effect of Prohibition on Capital and Labor 43 
 
 LABOR, Employed by Liquor Industry 46 
 
 LABOR. Gompers on Prohibition ...42-43 
 
 LABOR, Money Spent for Liquor ... iZ 
 
 LABOR and Prohibition 114116 
 
 LINCOLN, Bought Brandy 65-66 
 
 LI.N'COLN, His Liquor License 59-60 
 
 LINCOLN, His Temperance \'ie\vs 58-62 
 
 LIQUOR Consumption, Increase in 47 
 
 LIQUOR Industry, Allied Trades 49 
 
 ■ IQUOR Industry, Magnitude of 46 
 
 .ngevity and Liquor 27-28 
 
M 
 
 Madden, Martin B., of Illinois, on National Prohibition IS 
 
 Maine, Conditions in 98-101 
 
 Majorities, "Wet" and "Dry" States Compared 16 
 
 Moonshine Stills, Number and Growth 39-40 
 
 MOOXSHIXIXG, Table Showing Increase in U 
 
 MOOXSHTXIXG, Statement of Commissioner of Internal 
 
 Revenue 15 
 
 Munsterberg, Hugo, on Prohibition 85-86 
 
 N 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION, A Farce 27 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION, Debates in Congress, 1914... 70-80 
 Representatives: 
 
 Barchfeld, Andrew J., of Pennsylvania 78-80 
 
 Bartholdt, Richard, of Missouri 70-72 
 
 Browne, Edward E., of Wisconsin 73-74 
 
 Cantrill, J. Campbell, of Kentucky 74-75 
 
 Gill, Michael J., of Missouri 77 
 
 Goeke, J. Henry, of Ohio 76 
 
 Hayes, Everis A., of California 78 
 
 Henry, Robert L., of Texas 72-73 
 
 Kahn, Julius, of California 75-76 
 
 Madden, Martin B., of Illinois 73 
 
 Adair, John A. M., of Indiana 77-78 
 
 Stone, Claude U., of Illinois 76-77 
 
 Underwood, Oscar W., of Alabama 74 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION, Fallacy of 24-25 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION, Injustice of 25-26-27 
 
 NATIONAL PROHIBITION, Method of Securing 25-26-27 
 
 Nations, Drinking Nations Lead World 118-121 
 
 North Dakota, Conditions in 116-117 
 
 P 
 
 PATENT MEDICINES, Department of Agriculture 40-41 
 
 PATENT MEDICINES, Massachusetts Board of Health 44-45 
 
 Pauperism 53-54 
 
 POPULATION of U. S. with Per Cent Urban 18-19 
 
 POPULATION, "Wet" vs. "Dry" Cities 48 
 
 Prisoners in Penal Institutions 54 
 
 PROHIBITION and Finance 83-84 
 
 PROHIBITION in Southern States 90-92 
 
 PROHIBITION States 6 
 
 R 
 
 Revenue, From Liquor Industry 50-51 
 
 RUSSIA AND PROHIBITION 37-38 
 
 RUSSIA AND PROHIBITION 106-109 
 
s 
 
 "Save the Boy" 55-58 
 
 Savings Accounts Compared 51 
 
 Social Conditions, "Wet" vs. "Dry" States 51-55 
 
 STATES, "Dry" by Act of Legislature 17 
 
 STATES, Prohibition 6 
 
 STATES, Rejecting Prohibition Twice 4 
 
 STATES, 16 Repudiated Prohibition 4 
 
 STATES, Situation 1916 8-11-12 
 
 STATES. Social Conditions Compared 51-55 
 
 STATES, Rejecting Prohibition on a Referendum 12 
 
 Stone, Claude U., of Illinois, on National Prohibition 76-77 
 
 Supreme Court on Liquor Industry 87 
 
 T 
 
 Taft. Wm. H., on Prohibition 93. 117-118 
 
 TAXES and Liquor Business 38-39 
 
 TAXES and Liquor Industry 84 
 
 TAXES, From Liquor Industry 50-51 
 
 Tennessee, Conditions in 91-92 
 
 Tobacco, Danger of Prohibition 101-103 
 
 U 
 Underwood, Oscar W., of Alabama, on National Prohibition... 74 
 
 W 
 
 VVASIIINGTOX. His Will 63 
 
 WASHIXGTOX. The Distiller 62 
 
 WASHINGTON and Prohibition 67-69 
 
 West Virginia, Conditions in 92 
 
 Willard, Jess, On Prohibition 31